The Sun. — London, England, 1852-10-02 00:00:00

THE MAGAZINES, &c. FRASER. The present number opens with a brief and well written article on the late Duke of Wellington. " Hypatia," the " Autobiography of Captain Digby grand," and " Sketches of Rome under the Pope and the Republic," the latter recounting the murder of Count Rossi, and the flight of Pius the Ninth, are continued. Among the other papers are two especially worthy of perusal. The one is de voted to the character of the great historian of the " Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire;" the other to that of our old familiar friend, Sir John Falstaff. From the latter we extract the following sensible re marks on the stage representation of the knightly debauchee " The conventional representations on the stage have given a very erroneous impression of the manners and person of,,the knight as they were conceived by Shaks pere. Our actors exhibit to us, in most cases, an over grown mass of flesh covering a cowardly soul; they degrade Flast a ff' a w it i n t o b u ff ooner y, and make..cm. him put on the manners of a l ow a nd vulgar public Sbakspere intended Falstaff's outward appearance to be comical—a caricature of debauched manhood; but a very little stuffing under his waistcoat would answer all the requirements of the part. The chief justice charges him with 'an increasing br,ily, , but with a decreasing leg ' (Henry jv , Part 11., act 1, ec. 2) —and there can be no reason for that padding of the limbs by which our stage Falstaff becomes unwieldy. Mackenzie and other critics have called attention to the resemblances between Falstaff on the one hand and Richard and Ingo on the other ; and there is no doubt that there is much truth in the com parison. But, although our best actors are employed to exhibit the refined sarcasm and pointed wit of the latter, we seldom find a tragedian, or first comedian, willing to lend his talents to the proper exhibition of Falstaff. With the exception of CharleS lismble we know no in stance in which Falstaff' has been rescued from the conventionalities of actors who carry into the part the boisterous humour of the stage old man, and who think that if their representation is not gross enough, they will grossly misrepresent him. May we hope some day to wit ness a true performance of Falstaff by some good and refined actor, who can dissociate wit from vulgarity, and can appreciate the comical without allowing it to sink into buffoonery and farce." As to the aspect and courage of Falstaff, the reviewer happily observes : " Aweak man could not have taken on his back the dead body of Percy, in full armour; a little man would not have been singled out for hand-to-hand combat by the Scots' champion, Douglas; a mean-looking man would not have induced such a famous rebel as Colville of the Dale to yield himself prisoner, merely on the strength of his personal appearance; and a genuine coward would not, in a fierce fray, like the battle of Shrewsbury, have led his 150 raggamufEas into such danger, that but three of them were left alive, and they for the town's end to:beg duri ng lif e. Even when he is set upon by the Prince and Poins, he does not abscond until after ex changing blows with them. What he wanted was not disregard of danger, and coolness in the hour of peril, but chivalry and a sense of honour." BEN . There is a great quantity TLEY of interesting reading in Bentley for October. A just as well as a favourable notice of the new Commander-in-Chief will be perused with pleasure by all who appreciate his distinguished worth and there is a short parallel between Camillus and Wellington ; from which we have only space to make the following excerpt : "Historians often censure Camillus respecting the exe cution of Marcus Manlius Capitolinus, and some writers have cast blame upon Wellington on account of the death of Marshal Ney. In each case a very bravo soldier was put to death, in pursuance of thlr setirafee of a competent tribunal, on a charge of treason. It is probable that the interposition of Camillus with the Roman Assem bly might have saved Manlius and that of Wellington with the Bourbon King of Franco might have obtained a pardon for Ney. In neither case can we see any obli gation, legal or mora l , w h erefore that interposition should have been volunteered, We may observe, how ever, that the guilt of Ney was far clearer than that of Manlius; and that there is not the slightest ground for Suspecting the English Duke of having investigated the proceedings against him. It is not equally clear that Camillus took no part in bringing Manlius to trial." "The Princess Orsini," " The Saddlebags, or, the Bridle Roads of Spain," "An Irish Pattern," and "Reminisce n ce s o f a an of the World," are among the best of the remaining papers. In the latter we find the following paragraph : " The genius of Napoleon and the genius of Welling ton are the counterparts, one of the other. Napoleon invented a new science of offensive war, before which all Europe trembled. Wellington invented the science of defensive war, by which Europe saved itself. Wellington never fought an offensive battle; he was always on the defensive, even in advancing and besieging, the capture of towns by storm, and rout of armies by a gallant charge, being so many finales, for which everything had been prepared. Torres Vedras is the great monument of his military genius, great as Austerlitz, as Para dise Lost,' as Faust,' or Tancredi.' It was original as grand. Few comprehend it yet, which is one of the greatest attributes of genius, but it saved an empire." AINSWORTH. The number for the current month is mainly made tip of continuations—viz., "The Lancashire Witches," " The Midnight Meeting," " The Bridge of Ben dery," " The Confederates," "Florence Hamilton," " Old Jack," and " Velthinas." Some recent novels are criticised in a favourable spirit. COLBURN'S NEW MONTHLY. "Ballooning in its Infancy" is an attractive title for a magazine paper, considering the great amount of public interest excited by the singular feats of aerostation presented of late at Cremorne Gardens. Dudley Costello supplies a paper of interest, entitled " Tile Legends of Chilton Hall." "Literary Leaflets" devotes its first number to the Humour of Thomas de Quincey ; and the sixth on the roll of "Female Novelists" is the author of " Margaret Maitland." The story of " The Old House of Tregolph" is of thrilling a n d myster i ous i nterest, one of those extra ordinary events that seem too wonderful to be believed. " Woodthorpe" is continued. " The Witch Cats in Sc hleswig-Holstein" is contributed by John Oxen ford. Young Tom Hall's " Heart-aches and Horses" progresses favourably ; and Doctor Thompson's work on " Tibet and the Himalaya" supplies the material of an instructive paper. In the former the tete. cl-tete between Lord Heartycheer and the fair Angelena is inexpressibly rich. COLBURN' 8 UNITED SERVICE. A memoir of the illustrious Duke whose lamented death has excited so deep a sensation throughout the entire nation constitutes, as might be expected, the chief feature of the present month, in a serial devoted to the interests of the naval and mili- tary services. The doubt as to the time and place of his birth is stated. We believe, however, that we have given them correctly in stating the 29th of April, 1769, at Mornington House, Upper Merrion-street, Dublin. The fact of the certificate of his baptism at St. Peter's Church, on the 30th April, proves that he must have been born before the Ist of May. And, the accouchement of the Countess of Mornington, the notice of which appeared in a journal then published in the Irish metropolis, distinctly establishes the scene where the hero first saw the light. Several extracts are given from the daily journals under the head of "'judgment of the Press," and poor Maxwell's exceed ingly interesting life of the great Duke is largely referred to for his opinions on general subjects. There are also many interesting professional papers among which we wou ld particu larly notice " The ' Column of Attack," and " The Cam Re paign in the Hills," by Surg eon D artnell, of the 53d giment. The" Treatise on Small Arms " also appears to be exceedingly carefully prepared. " Sand and Shells ; or, the Fortune s of Forbessy," promises exceedingly well. " Jamaica before the Emancipation "is also well worthy of p erusa l . On the whole the present number well sustains the iodic a l. established r e p u tation of this excell en t per THE NEW CHANCERY ORDERS.—In the new Chancery rules, in lieu of the present fees allowed to solici tors for instructions for bills (which from the commence. item of next term are to be printed), the following charges are t o be allowed :—For instructions for bill, 1/. 145.; for making a cony of a bill or claim for the printer, per folio 4d.; for correcting the proof sheet, per folio 2d. ( the ;Printer's bill to be paid and allowed); for amending each copy of a bill or claim to serve where there is no reprint, 133, 4d.; in structions for brief (in several matters) to be charged only once in the progress of a cause, 1/. ls. ; brief for amending each of a bill or claim, where there is no reprint, 133.4 d. ; for perusin g an d considering the bill on behalf of each de fendant, or set of defendants appearing by the same solicitor, 11. Is. DEATH OF THE KING OF THE BEGGING-LETTER Impo sznus.—Yesterday an inquest was taken by Mr. Ston Langham, in th e Mil'b ank Prison, on the body of Henry e, aged 40, the most successful of the begging-letter impostors, of whom he was chief. He was well known about London, and, having lost one leg, walked on crutches. Ile had been once before transported for this offence; and in April of this year he was comm i tte d aga i n for a similar fraud,-cotwieted at the Middlesex sessions, and sentenced to seven years' transportation: Soon after he entered Mill bank priso n , D r. Baly discovered that he was suffering from pulmonry consumption, and on the 26th of August he was Put in the infirmary, when everything was done for him that his complaint admitted of, but he died on Tues day evening, Verdict —Natural Death, from pulmonary consumption, ROYAL COLLEGE' OF PHYSICIANS.— At the quar terly meeting of the Comitia Majors, held on Thursday, Sept. 30, the following gentlemen, having undergone the necessary examinations fur diploma, were admitted members of the o,3llege:—Dr. Gibbon, St. Bartholomew's Hospital; Dr. Druitt, Curzon-street, May-fair; also, Dr. Ottl e y, P au , Lower Pyrenees ; Dr. Hill, Bath ; and Dr. Panton, Turriff, N. 8., were admitted extra-licentiates. SUBLIMELY RIDICULOUS.—A " Far Western" reporter gives the following description of a conflagration : " The devastating element, unsatisfied with floods of water, belched forth its crimson tints, and spread the fiery flag of devastation over entire squares, unchecked by the super human exertions of the firemen, who seemed like lost spirits in the halls of Pandemonium, as they flocked around the ter rific spectacle." THE SUN, COURT CIRCULAR. BALMORAL, SEFT. 30. The heavy rain which continued all day prevented her Majt.sty from going out yesterday m urn i nz, b ut in the afternoon her Majesty walked in the neigh bourhood of the Castle with the Princess Royal and Princess Alice. _ _ His Royal Prince Albert went out deer stalking. The dinner party yesterday included her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, her Serene Highness the Princess Hohenlohe Langenbourg, his Serene Highness Prince Hermann of Hohenlohe Langen bourg, Lady Augusta Bruce, and Viscount Hardinge. The Marquis of Westminster had an interview with Mr. Secretary Walp o l e yes t er d ay. L or d L ova i ne had also an interview yesterday with the Right Hon. Gentleman at the Home-office. Dispatches were sent off last evening from the Colonial -office for the Governors of the North Arne min Provinces, and also for the Governors of the West India Colonies. SPORTING NOTES. No. CCCXIX. THE CHESTER AUTUMN MEETING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR, - -Thanks :o the energy and activity of that cele brated ha n di capper, M r. T op h am, t h e Ch es t er meeting Is supplied with two good days' sport on Tuesday and Wednesday next. The number of nominations con siderably exceed those hitherto found at the autumnal gathering on the Roodee. Oa Tuesday the racing will commence with the 5 sovs. Handicap, for two years old (three-quarters of a mile). The result of this race must be, to my thinking, in favour of ADA or RAGE; Polly, in all probability, ob taining the third place. The Shorts Handicap of 10 sovs. each, h ft, with 50 added (seven furlongs), out of its thirty-five nominations will probably have a field of from twelve to fifteen at the least. Among those who look well in is Sir Charles, 5 yrs, ist 101 b; lanthe, 4 yre, 7st; Equal, 3 yrs, 6st 41b; Hyacinth, 3 yrs, Est; and Sir Charles Napier, 3 yrs, sst 51b. Evadne with her penalty of five pounds — making her weight 7st 41b—I presume will not start; hut should she, her chance is not completely out. The first three places, I am inclined to fancy, will be filled by HYACINTH, lanthe, and Sir Charles; Equal being close tip with the third. • The Tradesmen's Welter Cap looks a good thing for CAURIRE. The Mostyn Stakes of 10 sous. each, h ft, with 40 added, for two and three years old (three-quarters of a mil?), is sure to be carried off by EXACT or Lambton, the former in all likelihood. The Innkeepers' Plate of 70 sous. (over the Grosvenor course) looks uncommonly well for WARWICK or Timid Fawn, the first named for choice. The Chester Leviathan Stakes of 10 'soya. each, 30 added (mile and three-quarters), is scarcely of sufficient value to attract to the post either Muscovite or Orelio; consequently it may be booked, in their absence, a cer tainty for BETHGELERT. The Grand Stand Stakes of 10 soya, each, with 50 added, for two years old, seven furlongs, will probably start half-a-dozen, including Placid, Auteverta, and the filly by Assault out of Newton Lass. If in form the first named, who is the top weight, will be the winner. After her I should vote for Anteverta. The Chester Handicap of 100 sous:, added to a sweep stakes of 5 soya. each (mile and seven furlongs), with penalties fur winning the Shorts Handicap, Innkeepers' Plate, or Cup, &c., out of its fifty nominations I anticipate a third will be found at the post. Their names it is a matter of impossibility to give at the pre sent time : Lady Evelyn, however, will not start ; nor will Paddy Bird. Retail is rather over-dosed with weight at Bst 51b. Truth, at ist 131 b, is just the con trary. The Great Nancy, with 7st 7lb on her back, has but little chance of winning. Doubt is nicely in at Tat ; so are Wadlow's couple, Candlewick and Lady Amyott, the former at 6st 121 b, sad penalty; the latter at 6st 21b. I shall look nu further for the winner, but expect it will appear in DOUBT or Wadlow's starter.--I am, Sir, &c., Oct. 2. THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. WESTERN MEETING AT AYR.—THURSDAY. Free Handicap of 3 sovs. each and 25 added. Once round and a dis. (3 Subs.) Captain Key's Little Jack, 5 yrs, Bst 71b (Robertson) 1 Lord Eglinton's C'averhouto, 3 yrs, 6st 121 b Mr. J. Ansou's Haricot, 5 yrs, Sst 41b Won by two lengths. The Ayr Gold Cup Stakes of 10 sovs. each, p p, 3 yrs old, 7st 51b; four, Bst 51b; five, Sat 121 b; six and aged, 9st 21b; those by untried stallions, &c., allowed 31bs, if both 41bs; mares and geldings allowed 31bs. Two miles. (14 Subs.) Mr. Meiklam's Stilton, 3 yrs (Lye) 1 Lord Eglinton's Claverhouse, 3 yrs Any odds on Stilton. Won cleverly by two lengths. Handicap of 10 soya., h ft, and 50 added for two and three yrs old. Three-quarters of a mile. (3 Subs.) Lord Eglinton's Pelopidas, 3 yrs, Bst 31b, walked over. Plate of 50 sovs., given by the Glasgow and South Western Railway Company; 3 yrs olds, 7st 121 b; four. 9st; five, 9st 81b; six and aged, 9st 111 b; mares and geldings allowed 31b; winners this year of 501., 3 be extra; twice or a Gold Cup, Queen's Plate, &c., 5 lbs extra. Heats, two miles. Captain's Key'a Little Jack, 5 yrs (H. Robertson) 1 1 Mr. J. Auson's Harlem, a yrs Won by a length. SHIP NEWS. CAUTION TO MARINERS. Aldborour,h, Sept. 20. Two vessels are sunk about three miles below the Shipwash light, with the mast of one above water. NOTICE TO MARINERS. RESCUE OF SHIPWRECKED MARINERS. The Danish Consul-General in London has given notice to mariners that, in the event of their being un fortunately stranded on the north coast of Jutland or on the co asts of Bornholm, and when no other communica tion can be made with the ship for the rescue of the crew, that a line of nine yarns will be thrown to them by the aid of a rocket apparatus, which is to be hauled on board, and at t ac h e d t o w hi c h i s a 3i i nc h war p having a block secured in the end, in which is the bight of a smaller line, whi c h mu st b e f as tened to th e escape chair by means of an iron ring traversing the 3f inch warp. The warp i s t o b e ma d e f ast on b oar d as hi g h as practicable, in order that the chair may pass, if pos sible, clear of the surge. This explanation of the mode adopted by the Danish Government to facilitate the es cape of shipwrecked persons is sufficiently comprehen sive for the instruction of seamen. The Danish Government has given notice that a light ship with two masts, schooner rigged and her sides painted red, with a white cross, in ten fathoms of water, E. by S., three cables length from Dvaleground Middle Beaccß, which has two brooms, will be placed in the channel of Laesoe in lat 4 7 12 4 N., long. 16 4:1 E. of Greenwich. The ship will show nine lamps, with re flectors, at a height of thirty feet above the level of th e water, and will be seen 2 to 2i Danish miles distant. The light will commence burning in the present mo nt h of October, of which due notice will be given. GRAVESEND, OCT. I.—Wind S.W., moderate, cloudy Arrived—Frances, Prince Edward's Island; Feliza, Demerara; Hamlet, China; Ganges, Sydney; Sir Ed ward Paget, Madras; Comet, Madeira; Vivandiere, Denis; Richard Morse, New York; Guineaman, Africa; Hobe, Bordeaux; Adelaide, Tobago; Medway, Port Phillip; Abeona, Quebec; Wave, Medemblik; City of Boulogne, Boulogne; City ,of London, Dunkirk; John Bull, Hamburgh. Sailed—John Melhuish and Circassia, Port Phillip; Maria, New Zealand; Urania, Charente; Susan, Ma laga ; Elizabeth, St, Peteraburgh; Margaret and Doncaster, Riga; Emily Bird, Hong-Kong; Sultana, Buenos Ayres; Sarah Margaret, Elsinore; Sophia Maria, Frederickstadt; Flying Childers, Liverpool; Flecha, Ghent; City of Paris, Boulogne; Thames, Hamburgh. VESSELS SPOKEN WITH. Continent, from 1%1. , v, York for Liverpool, Sept. 11, in hit. 41 N., long. 65 W. Moses Wheeler, of and from Boston for Liverpool, Sept. __ . . _ 12, in lat. 42 N., long. 64 W. Cromwell, from Sr. John's, New Brunswick, for Liver pool, Sept. 6, in lat. 42 N., long. 62 W. Hyperion, of Boston, trom St. John's, New Brunswick, for Liverpool, Sept. 4, in lat. 44 N., long. 43 W. Louisa, from Callao, for Cowes, June 16, in lat. 30 S., long. 89 W. James, of Bideford, from Prince Edward's Island, Sept. 2, in lat. 47 N., long. 41 W. Economist, of Newport, from Quebec, Sept. 7, in lat. 47 N., long. 33 W. la ELANCHOLY SUICIDE OF MR. E. N. WINSTANLEY. sale che —This Unfortunate esta gentleman, connected with the well known destruction rnistsrahment of Messrs. Winstanley and Sons, whole very determined yaentd druggists, No. 7, Poultry, committed self eardaY afternoon, under circumstances of a who was about fifty-two melancholy character. Mr. Winstanley, the early part of the day years of age, transacted business in his aY in the Poultry, and on leaving was observed to put in from the warehouse. f ° cket something which he had taken , s., 2 t L , P t roc eeded to the west-end, and on res t, a cab off the stand, and reaching St. James desired the driver to take , an m a to Bow Church, Cheapside. The man drove as directed discovered the unfortunate lying at the back of gentleman°arriving at the church 1 Lett ers a Y o eW p ollee conveyed him to the the cab insensible. He immediately ronounced dead. nearest surgeon, when Mr. Winstanle y were found The body was then taken to Moor the officers examiner.) his pockets. Poison showed g. T.t4 ‘ e letters ad dressed to his wife and brothers, and the contents that he had destroyed his life by taking mornin he body he was seen writing Poultry in the was eventually rateddepo by the police in Bow Church, pre paratory to an inquest being held upon it. LAUNCH OF AN EAST I N DIAMAN.-- .. 1217 ILLING ToN QUAY, ON THE TYNE, SEPT. 30, 6 P.M.—The Noble In diaman W. S. Lindsay was launched this evening at five P.M., in the presence of a large number of the gentry of the district, amongst whom were the Mayor of Tynemouth, an d the spirited owner of the vessel from London. The launch was most beautiful, she glided into her new element amidst the cheers of assembled crowds, who covered the banks for a considerable distance. Mrs. W. S. Lindsay gracefully named her as she disappeared from the ways. COMMITTAL FOR MURDER.—A young girl named Ann Slaughter, until lately residing with her father-in-law and mother, George and Ann Merryman, at Love-lane, Windsor, was committed on Thursday for trial upon the charge of murdering her own infant. The prisoner admitted that she was delivered by the bedside on the morning of Sunday the 15th of August— that when the child fell from her she heard it squeak once; but that when she took it up from the floor of the bed-room it was dead. She then placed it in her shawl, took it to the privy of a neighbour, and de posited it in the night-soil. LONDON, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC eTOURNALS. TIMES.—in the present state of Europe the dis solution of the Belgian Ministry is an occurrence seriously to be regretted. The late Administration had held office for upwards of five years during one of the most agitated periods in the history of Europe ; and, although its members belonged to what is termed in Belgium the Liberal party, they had suc cessfully maintained, under all circumstances, the authority of the Crown, the order and tranquillity of the people, and the independence of the country. But, if their past services entitled them to the respect of Europe and to the gratitude of their fellow-citi zens, the feelings of regret with which we now wit ness their fall are greatly increased by all we know of the character of their antagonists. The principal division of parties in Belgium lies between the sec tion which contends for a firm and liberal adminis tration of the civil power and a resolute defence of the national privileges; of the kingdom on the one hand, and the section which is correctly described as the clerical party on the other. The Roman Catholic priesthood, enjoying almost unlimited means for the complete establishment of their domination and ascen dancy in Belgium, and ex e r c i s i ng very ex t ens i ve influ over the populati oe , are the mainspring of the politi cal party which has just overthrown the Ministry. At the elections which took place in the course of last summer the priests resorted to the same means of agitation which are hut too familiar to ourselves in the elections of Ireland. They denounced the Go vernment as a godless and heretical faction. Their hostility scarcely stopped short of the King, whose personal attachment to the Protestant Church of his ancestors and of his adopted country has not been lessened by his connexion with a Roman Catholic people. They openly invoked the assistance of the French clergy and the extension of French influence in Belgium to promote their schemes; and it seemed that no political institution of the country was sacred in their eyes which stood in the way of their arro gance and ambition. To a certain extent these exertions were not without effect on the elections, and the former majority of the Chamber was shaken. The Ministry, feeling itself weakened, ten dered its resignation, which the King declined at that time to accept. The result, however, was already anticipated, and on the opening of the session the Ministry was beaten by a marjority of 54 to 46 on the election of the Speaker, although M. Verheegen, the Government candidate is a man who had already filled that office w ith credit, and who, as representative of the city of Brussels, enjoyed the respect of the country. We do not at present know what form the new Government will assume, but whatever may be its party colour and its political sympathies, we earnestly hope that it will uphold the independence and maintain all the just rights of the country. The Government of Belgium has a delicate and an arduous part to play, placed as it is in imme diate proximity to a powerful state, which recognises no certain obligations, and already affects a policy that may become dictatorial or hostile. Constitutional liberty still preserves that contracted, but we trust inviolable, asylum in continental Europe. In Belgium people are still their own masters ; the Belgian press is still unshackled even by the threats and prosecu tions of the Ministers of France. But it would be a lamentable example of the dissension and the weak ness which sometimes relaxes the energy of popular Governments, if party differences were allowed at such a time to prevail over the'-common interest of the nation, and if the very existence of the country were endangered by any pretext for foreign interference or aggression. With a view to the formation of a new Cabinet the Chambers have been prorogued to the 26th inst. In connexion with this subject we remark that a valuable report by a military commission, ap pointed last autumn to consider the questions relating to the defence of the Belgian territory and the organi zation of the army, has just been presented to the Legislature. The maintenance of the Belgian army on its present footing had for some time before 1848 become a subject of complaint on the part of the Op position, and the first question to be solved was whether Belgium was to rely for the protection of her independence on the treaties which secure her neutrality and on the succour of foreign powers, or whether she was to keep up a force sufficient to garrison her fortresses and to meet the first exigencies of war! This latter opinion was unanimously adopted by the commission, and the next point was to determine what fortresses it is most desirable to retain and to improve, having re gard to the available forces of the country. The commission is unanimously of opinion that it is ex pedient to demolish the fortifications of Ypres, Menin, Philippeville, Mariembourg, and Bouillon ; the preservation of the fortifications of Mona was de cided affirmatively. by 13 votes against 5. But the opinion of these authorities clearly is, that the sub stantial defence of the country depends mainly on the efficiency of its fortifications on the two lines of the Scheldt and the Meuse. For this reason they have desided to keep up all the fortresses which cover the line of the latter river—Dinan, Charleroi, Nauaur, Huy, and Liege. But, in the event of war, one of the most important objects would be to speere to the Government itself a place of retreat in one of the chief fortified places ; and the present commission is of opinion, as the commission of 1848 had been like - wise, that this place ought to be Antwerp, in the event of an attack from the southern frontier of the kingdom. For these reasons the com mission wisely insists on the necessity of hastening as much as possible those improvements in the existing fortifications of the country which are most essential to this plan of defensive operations. Among these the termination of the bomb-proof buildings in the citadel of Antwerp, and the completion of the citadel of Diest, on the line connecting Antwerp with Liege and the Dutch fortress of Maestricht, are the most urgent. But, in addition to these, are strongly re• commended the proposed works for the Tete de Flandre, which is the tete de pont on the left bank of the Scheldt opposite Antwerp; the preparation of in trenched lines under the walls of Antwerp; the forti fication of the pass of Aerschot, and the defence of Mechlin by field works. It is calculated that all the fortresses that it is proposed to retain may be etrici. ently defended by garrisons amounting in all to about 70,000 men. The effect of these measures would be, that in the event of an attempte d coup de main on the Belgian territory from the Fr ench frontier, the open country would be at onc e aban. doned to the enemy as far as the Meuse. Br ussels must be evacuated as unfortified and indef e nsible ; but the Government would fall back on th e vast works of Antwerp, open to the sea, and perfectly secure, except against the operations of a protracted siege, while the line of the Meuse would o pp os e con siderable obstacles to the progress of an invasio n, and would give time for the arrival of reinfor cemen ts from Central Europe. The difficulties attendingare such an , ; enterprise as the invasion of Belgium al fact, more formidable than they appear at fir s t i . sight, and the Belgians have shown the stronge st disposition t o do all that is in their power to strength en that neu trality which is the basis and the bulwark of their existence as a nation. This is one o e strongest nd claims they possess on the sympathy th e --- support or Europe, and one of the grounds on which we most rely for the maintenance of peace, It maw; never be forgotten that the policy .7hich detached Belgium from the clutches of the x Tench Empire, and has since recognised her independence and /sea. trality, remains unchanged. The possession of these important :fortresses, including the mouth of the Scheldt and the line of the Meuse, by any one of the great Powers of Europe would constitute a per manent menace end a formidable means of aggression against the adjacent territories, In the hands of Bel gium they are entirely harmless, since they serve only to render her own neutrality more unassailable. But it is not for herself alone and for Ler own welfare that this neutrality has been secured to her by common consent. It is because any aggression on her fron tiers is virtually,an attack on what lies beyond them, and the occupation of Belgium b . Y a great military Power, advancing on either side of her territory, would be the first and most important step to the in vasion and subjugation of Europe. THE KING'S-CROSS RAILWAY TERMINIIB.--This fifenwe days completed , i l s t n f o s w averyx and will be opened f or use i n a work, and reflects honour on its designer, Mr. Le wis C ubitt. Each .‘shed" is 800 feet long, 105 feet wide, and 71 feet high to the crown o f the semi-circular roof, without a tie. A b r i c k wa ll , f orme d extraordinary by piers and open arches, divides them. On the west side of the departure platform are the ?ftees for the general adminis tration of the affairs of the railway (including a booking hall, about 100 feet in length, 40 feet in width, and 45 feet in height), and on the east side of the departure platform the cab drive, 35 feet in width. There are seven lines of way under each shed, with the necessary turn-tables and appli ances. The roofs (semi• c ircular) are formed of laminated ribs, placed 20 feet apart, manipulated to their form on curbs or moulds, first formed of the required size, and of inch-and-half boards or planks, at various lengths, the boards strongly screwed to each other at frequent intervals or spaces, no two joints of the boards being placed opposite to each other. The higher portions of the roofs, which are glazed the extent of two-thirds of the whole covering, are formed by longitudinal purling fixed 8 feet apart; and thick plate glass, in sheets of that length, are fixed, in sizes, 2 feet 6 inches wide, divided by iron bars rebated to receive them.— Builder. ALDEESGATE INSTITUTION.—Mr. T. Thorpe Peed, the highly popular lecturer of the Polytechnic Institution, gave a musical lecture here on Wednesday last, which ex cited the liveliest applause of a numerous audience. It was divided into two parts, the first consisting of popular English melodies, and the second of a selection from the songs of Charles Dibdin. Mr. Peed is a tenore robusto of a very high order, plays brilliantly on the piano, and is evidently an ac complished musician. As regards taste. feeling, and power, his si nging is unexceptionable ; as s uredly su c h a voice an d hneorteoafdts as a ofenheagrdentoluetman I s t h h o e u o id pe r r e a ad h , ou o s l e e . arly A a s nd a sensibly, but the effect of his recitation would perhaps be im proved were he to throw a little more of the actor into his delivery. Speaking i n like scene - painting, it public, and in a large room, is very needs a certain degree of coarseness to giva it effect. The whole went off rapturously, and we have n n o e doubt P ee d lecturersbecomes omf the o re d known, ay. His e voice will is be o one of the Aueet quality that we have h ear d f or a l ong t i me . ; ofthteh most that as s popular Mr. . EVENING, The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Wednesday at Belfast, for the purpose of trans acting the usual business, and for considering and de termining as to the propriety of applying to Parlia ment in the ensuing session for an Act enabling this company to extend their line of railway from Armagh to Cavan, or at least to Clones; Mr. Allen in the chair. The CHAIRMAN read the report of the directors. The capital account showed that 713,8561. had been received and expended. The revenue account for six months, ended the 31st of August, 1852, showed pas senger receipts to consist of 30,093 first-class, 3,190/. ; 89,226 second-class, 6,267/. - 176,422 third class, 5,6491., which, less fares refunded to directors, 211, left 15,086/. ; the receipts from goods, parcels, &c., amounted to 10,0911., making a total of 25,1771. A dividend of 233. per share was then declared after which The CHAIRMAN brought before the meeting the special report of the directors, recommending an ex tension of the railway to Cavan. He spoke at great length in favour of the project, and concluded by pro posing " That the report now read be received and adopted, and that the meeting appoint a committee of shareholders, not being directors, for the purpose of considering the entire subj ec t o f the extension, and to report thereon to a future meeting of the share holders, that meeting to be specially convened for the purpose." __ Mr. J. HARRISON moved, and Mr. BEATTY se conded, an amendment, to the effect that the consi deration of the question be adjourned to that day six months. A long discussion ensued, and finally, on a division being taken, The CHAIRMAN announced the result to be-- For the amendment . 629 •• For the original motion. 410 Majority in favour of amendment —•219 The amendment was then formally put to the meeting, and passed. LEEDS AND NORTHERN.—It appears that an ar rangement has been made by the directors of the York, Newcastle, and Berwick, and York and North Midland, and Leeds Northern Railway Companies, subject to the confirmation of the shareholders of the three companies. By this arrangement each com pany is to take a certain annual per tentage of the net traffic receipts of the united concern, and divide such net receipts among the shareholders of the respective companies. The shareholders of each company will shortly be called together to consider and determine as to the arrangement proposed. THE PROPOSED CENTRAL WALES.--AIMODg the many proposed lines of railway now before the Welsh public, the one entitled the North and South Wales and Cothi Valley Junction seems to be most favour ably received. Several large and important public meetings in favour of this line have b3en held of late in Cardiganshire, the most recent of wlich took place on Tuesday last, at the Talbot Hotel, Tregaron ; Captain Powell, of Nanteos, in the chair. The company was represented by Mr. J. Bush, Mr. R. K. Penson, and T. Lewis, Esq., Lampeter. Captain Powell havi ng opened the meeting, Mr. Bush ably advocated the views of his company. The contemplated line would pass from Carmarthen, throigh Cothi Val ley, via Lampeter, to Aberystasith, where it would be met by the projected line from Shrewsbury to Newtown and Aberystwith. A communication by this means would also be established, yid Carmarthen, with Bristol; and by means of the Shrewsbury and Aberystwith lire would connect Central \Vales with the chief manufacturing towns in England. The plans and estimate of the railway were then given, and resolutions were passed to the effect that they were received with entire satisfaction, that the proposed line afforded the most direct and enlarged means of transit, and that it cifered important facilities for the conveyance of the lime and coal of Carmarthenshire, and the silver and lead mines, rich mineral, and other produce of Cardiganshire. A committee was then formed to do al. in their power to advance the project. A letter frogs Viscount Sea ham was read, promising his most strenuous support, and stating that 100 shares had been taken in Machyn lleth. A great number of shares were then taken, and cordial support was promised to the undertaking by Captain Powell and other landowners present. RAILWAY RETURNS TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR THE PAST WEEK. NAME OF RAILWAY. Miles opened, 1852. BRITISH. Aberdeen „ Belfast and Ballymena • • •• •• •• •• •• •• Belfast andlCounty Down.• •• • • •• •• Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Bolton, Blackburn, wad West York .. Bristol and Exeter •• .... • • ..•• •• • • .. 2634 85;4 189 34 9448 6% 20 Chester and Holyhead •• ....•• .. Cork, Blackrock, and Passage •• •• •• Cork and Bandon .. •• ....... . Dublin and Belfast Junction ........ Dublin and Drogheda.. Dublin and Kingstown . ..... •... • • Dundee and Arbroath .............. Dundee, Perth, and Aberdeen Junction Dundalk and Enniskillen........ • • East Anglian.... ............ 7 .. East Lancashire ...... Eastern Counties and Norfolk .. • • . Eastern Ur ion. • • • ••••••.. • • • • . Edinburgh and Glasgow .• • • • • •• •• •• Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee•• •• •• Exeter and Creditors.. • • ....•• • • •• •• 1715 i 285 Farness Railway •.. ••.. • . Glasgow, and South-Western........ Great Northern and E. L.. * •• Great Southern and Western (Ireland) Great Western •• • • 18-1 539% 0; 173% 244% 3434 11% 167% 9% 28 498% Irish South Eastern .......... Lancaster and Carlisle...—. ..... ... Lancashire and Yorkshire Leeds Northern .......• • ..• .• • •••• Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport.... London and North Western ...•..... London and 81ackwa11.............. London, Brighton, and South Coast.. London and South Western. Londonderry and Enniskillen ........ Manchester, Buxton, and Matlock, &c. Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Manchester and South Junction...... Maryport and Carlisle •• • • Midland Midland Great Western (Irish) ...... 35(Lonklands •••• • • • • .... •. • • ...... • . Newcastle and Carlisle..... North British •• . 288 ►,/ luo% North Staffordshire ..... North-Western ...... Scottish Central ••• •• • • Scottish Midland • • • . Shrewsbury and Birmingham •••• .• Shrewsbury and Chester •• • • • • • • •• • • Shropshire Union ...... • • • • • • • • • • •• 161,4 12 304% 279 South Devon .. .. .. .. . .. South Eastern •• • • • • .... South Wales ........ South York., Doncaster, and Goole .. mster . ..... . Waterford and Limerick •• ........ West Cornwall .... •• ........... Whitchaven Junction .• • • • £1,586 639 S7O 5,203 9,096 4,157 442% 493% 240 662 1,046 4b7 620 169 573 4,413 16,243 2,570 3,913 2,394 4,443 14,261 4,751 26,446 165 5,593 17,389 1,234 439 59,338 1,187 15,424 16,447 178 7,131 York and Newcastle, and Berwick ... York and North Midland 705 24,347 2,334 917 2,406 3,767 5,276 815 1,922 £1,718 275 1,892 880 5,079 10,184 4,560 153 low i t tli 1,085 508 743 1,805 73, 2,122 10,785 1,734 1,916 2,281 1,138 200 167 648 4,635 16,464 2,n57 4,169 2,523 FOREIGN. Dutch Rhenish •• •• •• Maria Antonia • • ................ Montereau and Troyes .• • Namur and Liege ............... Northern of France •• •• •• •• •• •.. Orleans and Central Paris and Lyons .......... •• Paris and Rouen. Paris and Strasburgh .... Rouen and Havre ..... • • • •• Western of France .. •• .. • ... 131 444 4,891 16,053 b,310 18,187 193 5,401 18,223 1,617 255 15,517 10,488 588 50,748 1,134 13,358 12,740 1,348 482 1,156 1,051 28,092 20,424 14,755 9,043 9,262 3,458 4,612 L 97 7,668 7►6 24,552 2,450 875 2,626 4,048 5,244 939 2,311 RAH. WAY ACCIDENTS. 943 2.05 d 629 2,512 19,257 2,571 2,064 2,966 1,094 412 248 14,903 10,951 1,495 475 1,167 1,293 28,107 23,202 17,254 8,743 18,019 6,016 FATAL ACCIDENT IN KIL9BY TUNNEL.—On Thursday an inqu'st was held at the George Inn, Kilsby, before Mr. G. Hicks, coroner, upon the rpmeins of James Dog gett, a policeman on the London and North-Western Railway. The unfortunute man was literally cut to pieces, and his limbs were kept together by his clothes, which were saturated with blood. Nothing remained of his head except a tuft of hair just above the neck, both his arms were cut off, his chest was crushed, and his bowels protruded—consequently, his death must have been instantaneous. The deceased was 37 years of age, and has left a widow and family to lament his untimely end. Several witnesses were examined, and it appeared from their evidence that deceased was stationed at the south end of Kilsby Tunnel, and that 11.5 the previous day he was seen at the door of his hut by Worrell, the fireman of the down express train. On his approach to the tunnel Worrell opened the whistle, and stated that the signal bespoke "all clear," and he did not hear of the accident till after he had arrived at Rugby, whither next express brought the news. It so happened that a coal train, consisting of thirty-one trucks, was emerging from the tunnel at the same time as the express train entered it, and W. Edwards, the breaksman of the coal train, saw what he supposed to be a bundle of rags lying across the down rails. He met T. Maunders, the superintendent of the permanent way, just out of the tunnel, and told him as well as be could what he had seen. T. Maunders stated that he was walking along the line on duty, and when within 300 yards of the tunnel he was told by Edwards that some thing was on the line; he went to see what it was, and not seeing the policeman he turned on the red signal. Ho then entered the tunnel, and about forty yards in he saw the deceased completely rolled up in a heap; he called for assistance, and removed the body. Mr. Bed ford, the chief superintendent of the railway police, stated that no part of the duty of the deceased was of such a nature as to take him in the tunnel; the proba bility was that the deceased went over to the coal train to knock a piece off to put in the fire, when the noise of the train prevented him from hearing, and the density of the steam prevented him from seeing, the down ex press till it wai upon him, and he was struck down by the lamp, which was knocked off. Verdict—" Acci dental death." ACCIDENT ON THE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY. — Yesterday, as the down goods train which passes the Biggleswade station between two and three, A.M , neared the station, a truck next to the break van, on which was the guard, slipped off the rails, and was dragged for a mile along the ballast, without the guard being able to inform the driver of their perilous situation, although he momentarily expected death. Having reached the station, the guard caught a glimpse of the first bridge of the town which crossed the line, when, fearing that he Receipts. ►abt. 1b52. SATURDAY RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE ULSTER. 4 OCTOBER would be dashed to pieces against its pier, which abutted on the line, he imprudently jumped from the van, tailing upon his arms, which were frightfully fractured. The poor fellow wasimmediatc. , ly removed to th e h ous e the head porter, where he received every kindness. and was attended by a surgeon, who set his fractured limbs. The wheels of the truck were much worn, which irlvol-ves a charge of blame somewhere. It should be mentioned that soon after the guard leaped off the train was brought to a standstill, which could have been done in the first instance by the driver shutting off the steam, had the guard had the means of conveying to him the necessity for the act. IRELAND. TIIE VACANT BISHOPRIC. DUBLIN, FRIDAY.—The Evening Herald states that the names of the Rev. Mortimer O'Sullivan, D.D., is "mentioned with confidence in connexion with the appointment to the vacant see." The same authority also names either the Rev. Dr. Singer, or the Very Rev. the Dean of St. Patrick's, as the proba ble successor of the late bishop. Dean Pakenham is brother-in-law of the late Duke of Wellington. No thing definitive can be known for some days. THE INDUSTRIAL IXHIDITION OF 1853. In addition to the munificent offering of 20,000/. towards forwarding. the objc , cts of the Irish Industrial Exposition, Mr. William Dugan, the eminent rail way contractor, has agreed to enlarge the amount by a further sum of 6,000/. to complete the work of wLicla he was the author. THE LATE DUKE OP WELLINGTON. The Limerick Chronicle republishes, after a /apse of eventful years, the following letter of the illus trious deceased, respecting the state of the Limerick district in the year 1808 ; a letter written on the eve of his sailing from Cork to command the army in the Peninsula, and wherein the Duke exhibited a pro found knowledge of the condition of Ireland and the character of its people : _ _ " Cork, July 7, 1808. " My dear Sir,—According to the desire which you expressed in the conversation which I had with you at Lord Harrington's on Wednesday, I proceed to give you my opinion on the nature and circumstances of the com mand which you are about to exercise in the county of Limerick. In the first place, I must point out to you that the situation of a general officer commanding in a district in Ireland is very much of the nature of a de puty-governor of a county or a province; he becomes necessarily charged with the reservation of the peace of the district placed under his command; and the Go vernment must confide in his reports and opinions for the adoption of many measures relating solely to the civil administration of the country. From these cir cumstances it is obvious that it is the duty of every general officer to make himself acquainted with the local circumstances of his district, and with the characters of the different individuals residing within it, in order that he may decide for himself according to the best of his judgment and information, and that he may not bo mis led by others. ' This duty will be still more obvious by a conside ration of certain circumstances which exist in nearly all parts of Ireland. It frequently happens that disturb ances exist only in a very small degree, and probably only partially, and that the civil power is fully adequate to get the better of them; at the same time, the desire to let a building to Government for a barrack—the desire to have troops in the county, either on account of the increased consumption which they occasion of the ne cessaries of life, or because the increased security which they would give to that particular part of the country would occasion a general rise in the value and the rent of land, which probably at that moment might be out of lease--or, in some instances, the desire to have the yeomanry called out on permanent duty —occasions a representation that the disturbances are much more serious than the facts would warrant. Upon these cccasions, letter after letter is written to the corn mending officer and to Government ; the same ' fact is repeated through many different chan nels; and the result of an inquiry generally is, that the outrage complained of is by no means of the serious nature or of the extent which has been stated. The obvious remedy for this evil, and that which is generally resorted to, is to call for informations on oath of the transactions which are complained of; but this remedy is not certain, for it frequently happens that the informations on oath are equally false With tho original representations. The general officer, then, has no re medy, except, by his acquaintance and communication with the magistrates and gentlemen of the county, to acquire a knowledge of characters, and to become ac quainted with all the circumstances which occur. " It frequently happens that the people who do com mit outrages and disturbances have some reason to com plain; but, in my opinion, that is not a suoject for the consideration of the general officer. lie must aid in the preservation of the peace of the county, in the suppor of the law; and he who breaks the law must be con idered in the wrong, whatever may have been the nature of the provocation which he has received. It is possible that grievances may exist in the county of Limerick; provisions may bo too dear or two high a rent may be demanded for land; and there may be no poor-laws; and the magistrates may not do their duty as they ought by the poor; but these circumstances aff)rd no reason why the general officer should not give the military aid which he rosy have at his command to pre serve the peace, to repress disturbance, and to bring those to justice who may have been guilty of a violation of the law. "In respect to the gentlemen of the county in which you are posted, I recommend to you to attend particu larly to the Lord Chid Baron O'Grady. You will find him well informed of the transactions in the county of Limerick, and well acquainted with characters, and dis posed to assist your judgment. I also recommend to your attention Mr. Dicksou, the late High Sheriff for the county; and Colonel Vereker, the Member for the city of Limerick. There may be, and certainly are, other gentlemen in the county of Limerick on whose informa tion you can depend; but I have requested Mr. Trail, to wnom I send this letter, to apprise you confidentially of the names of those whom you ought to consult. " Believe me, Fie., "ARTHUR WELLESLEY. " Brigadier-General Lee." FIRE and LOSS of LIFE at SHEERNESS. SHEERNESS, THIIRSDAY.—Soon after eleven o'clock last night, this town was thrown into the greatest alarm by the outbreak of a most fearful fire, involving a melan choly loss of life. At present the number who perished has not been correctly ascertained. One of the Royal Marines is known to have been burnt in his bed, and a Royal Artilleryman was killed by the falling of a stack of chimneys; there are others missing, and it is fearei that they have suffered. The premises in which the fire originated were those of the Duke of Clarence Inn, situated immediately opposite the Royal Dockyard and the Naval-terrace, at the extreme east end of the Blue Town. The alarm instantly aroused the authorities at tached to the garrison and dockyard, and speedily a strong force from the Waterloo flag-ship, Captain the Hon. M. Stopford, the London, Monarch, and Horatio, with the Royal Artillery from the barracks, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel England, arrived at the scene of destruction. The yard engines were promptly got into operation, but by that time the flames had ex tended to the adjoining buildings of Mr. Fife, chemist, Mr. Tyler, bootmaker, and some wooden tenements near. and it was anticipated that the conflagration would prove one of considerable magnitude. In order most effectu ally to arrest the progress of the fire, the Artillery pro ceeded to make a breach by pulling down four brick houses. The Marines and seamen from the different ships, under the joint direction of the Captain-Superin tendent Charles Hope, Captain the Hon. M. Stopford, Commander Marsh, and Lieutenant Christopher, re doubled, if possible, their efforts, and, notwithstanding the serious aspect of the fire, they succeeded iu prevent ing its destroying ot! , er buildings than before stated. Several adjacent premises, however, have suffered. The post-office was once or twice fired, and but for the spirited exertions of the soldiers and sailors would have been consumed. 'The Marine who perished had taken a bed at the Duke of Clarence. During the raging of the fire a stack of chimneys gave way, and falling upon one of the Artillerymen killed him. On the muster-roll of the Marines being called four or five were missing, and fears aro entertained that the bodies of some of them will be found under the ruins. The origin of the fire is thought to have originated from some careless ness in turning off the gas, but this is not known for certain. A large portion of the property destroyed is reported to be insured. We regret to add that Captain the Hon. M. Stopford sustained an injury to one of his eyes while engaged in directing his men, but it is hoped that it is not of any serious character. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—THE ROYAL EXHIBITION.—A valuable, newly-invented, very small powerful waistcoat pocket glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen arid known li miles distant ; they answer every purpose en the Race-course, at the Opera-houses ; country scenery and ships are clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles; they are in valuable for shooting, deer stalking, yachting, to Sports men, Gentlemen, Gamekeepers, and Tourists.—To be had at 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, observe, opposite the York-hotel. Telescopes—A new . and most important in vention in Telescopes, possessing such extraordinary powers, that some, 3i inches, with an extra eye piece, will e show distinctly, Jupiter's Moons, Saturn's Ring, and th e Double Stars. With the same Telescope, weighing only thre e ounces, eau be seen a person's countenance 31 and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They supersede other kind for the waistcoat pocket, and are of larger and and all Opera. sizes, with increasing powers accordingly. an obJect , can be Messrs. S. and 13. Race course glasses, with wonderful powers; valuable preserving clearly seen from 14 to 16 miles distant: . 1 placed before impe l -- Solomons, Opticians, have invented clear and distinct, the most Spectacle Lenses, immediately they bright and brilliant, is brought to fect vision, every object appears The Invisible Or ganicaged defective sight becomes state. d of Acoustic instruments for relief its youthful, natural, and . n. or i ginal . Albermarle-street, Piccadilly, ob- Vibrator, and all 3 k 9, of extreme deafness. — serve opposite the York HoteL THE PRoJECTED ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH TO AsterucA.—Some further consideration appears to have been g i ve n to a project, which we some time ago noted, for a line of telegraph, partly submarine and partly overland, between Europe and America, vid Iceland and Greenland. The route, it is said, has been partially surveyed by two young engineers, Messrs. Harrison brothers, who appear to consider the pro ject as practicable. How they propose to overcome or obviate the tremendous submarine influence of icebergs in Greenland or elsewhere, we do not know. The mere length of line, we think, might be no great obstacle. The Danish Government are said to be favourable to the scheme, and are willing to render every assistance as far as the route crosses their territories. —B udder. i APPROACHING MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—The preliminaries of a marriage are on the topic, to take place about Christmas, between the lion. Edward Bellew, son and heir of Lord and Lady Bellew, and Miss Bryan, only daughter of the late Lieut.-Colonel George Bryan, of Jenkinstoyvn, in i the cou n ty o f Kilk enny. T he bride elect will, t a said, bring a large dowry to the house of Barweath. 1852 A MINISTER IN OXFORDSHIRE. dressing Tho Pr es id ent o f the Beard of Trade has been ad some agricultural friends in the county which sends him to Perliument. The following is the speech of this gentleman at Banbury:— The Right Hon. J. W HENLEY, MP , said —To free-born Engli s h man to meet a large independentsiloa and influential body of his countrymen upon any great public occasion must b e at all times a matter of high r gratificationand pleasure; but wh en , i n add i t i on to that a meeting is called to do especial honour to humble in- ' dividuals like myself and my colleagu es , th en i t b ecomes doubly a matter of gratification, pride, and pleasure. giving to us, any such —(Cheers.) lum not so we . ak as to imagine that an individual qualities in myselt or my colleagues can give ) to us, or can have a chance of ' an honour; but I know that we ar e i ndebted for it to the cause with which we have bee n long asst. ciated—a cause for th e sa ke of which many of us have made considerable sacrifices of time, of ease, of comfort, and of everything that a man vanes most—a cause, C o , uphold which Ido not now appear for the first time b e _ fore hundreds of my f e ll ow - coun t r y m en in this town— and a cause which yet, by the blessing of God, as lon g as I live I shall hop e to see fl our i s h an d b e maintained. —(Cheers.) My Honourable Friend who proposed this toast to your notice has called your attention to many subjects, and, among others, to the opposi tion whish we encountered at the last election. Vexatious as that opposition was, I am sure it was mainly so both to myself and my colleagues, because we felt that for no earthly purpose, and fur no fair, honourable, legitimate cause, were you called from your business and occupations at a time when it was especially inconvenient so you, to enable you to show, as you did, with an unanimity which—l will not say was not to be expected, because I knew how an appeal would be responded to, but with an unanimity which I be lieve will do much to teach the people of this county what the true feeling of this county is and has been; and I hope it may have the effect of preventing such vexatious proceedings in future.—(Applause.) As I before observed, upon any occasion a person who has the honour to represent a large and independent county like this, must feel the highest pride and gra titude in meeting such an assembly; but for myself, personally, I cannot but feel that I have other causes of thankfulness. I have heard the man ner in which the health of Lord Derby, the leader of the Conservative party in the House of Lords and Prime Minister of England, has been received; I have heard the manner in white the health of Mr. Disraeli, the leader of the Conservative party in the House of Com mons—both of them members of a Government of which I have the honour to bo one—has been drunk by you; and I cannot but feel that I have especial occasion, there fore, to express to you the deep sense of gratitude nod high exultation I entertain at seeing so large and so in dependent a portion of my countrymen assembled to gether to support and do justice to the principles of that Government.—(Loud cheers.) There are special reasons why, at this time, I should feel that pride, and I shell not hesitate to advert to them, because if ever there was a period when the press of this country, almost from ono end of it to the other—some of it actually in the hands of the parties who were not themselves able to conduct the Government of the country, and another, not uninfluential part of it which generally delight to abuse everything, even the proceedings at public dinners and public meetings—has united to oppose the Govern ment of the day, it is the present.—(Hear, hear.) To oppose it, and for what? Not for any act it has done, but because it has what they call " no principles." Now. if I understand anything of the feelings of the gentlemen assembled, that Government has received, and will re ceive your support because you believe it has principles. —(Loud cheers.) As this has been so much and so loudly insisted on—echoed, I may say, from one end of the country to the other—l shall, with your per mission, if I do not trespass too long on your time, endeavour to trace out a little what have been the principles of that great party with which I have the honour to be associated, and what are, and will con tinue to be, their principles to the end.—(Applause.) It is not so many year s s i nce b u t we remember the for mation of that great party. We have been told, in deed, at public meetings, that the whole nation is for the Queen and the House of Lords; but it is not so long ago that the House of Lords was threatened with an inundation, and some forty or fifty new Peers were introduced to control them. Public notice, also, was given to the Bishops to set their house in order. Then at our meetings we did not hear so much of all par ties being of one mind about the House of Lords.— (Cheers.) I rejoice to say that, for her Majesty and the monarchy of this country there has always been but one feeling, any party holding a different opinion on that subject being so contemptible as to be absolutely be neath notice. The exalted virtues of the lady who is now Queen place her in a position that no person would for a moment question. The institution of royalty itself receives additional strength in this country, where for so many centuries it has flourished, from the lustre which she reflects upon it.—(Loud cheers.) The next subject in order, which did not follow with any halting steps, was the confiscation of the ecclesiastical property of the country to secular purposes. That was the next measure in order which the Conservative party refused to have anything to do with. They set their faces against it, and Lord Derby left the Government with which he was connected because ho would not sanction that transaction. and would not purchase the support of the Irish priests and their nominees by being party to such a bargain.—(Cheers.) I ask you, gentle men, is there no principle in that; and I ask you whe ther those men who have so assailed us as having no principle have lately conducted themselves in such a manner as to give you any warrant for doubting that should another Lichfield-house compact be entered into, they would be ready to join it for the purpose of re gaining power?—(Cheers.) The next question which followed, and which shook the then Whig Reform Go vernment to its centre—the question which first gave the Conservative party a tie, or a majority of one (I forget which), in the House of Commons—was whether the people of this country, by the aid of the State, should re calve a religious or secular education. Now, I ask you is that a question of principle, or is it not?—(Cheers.) Are children to be taught that " the fear of God is the beginning of wisdom," or are t h ey to rece i ve a merely secular education, and be let lo ose t o pi c k u p th e i r reli gious principles whe re th ey can ? Th at was the first question which shook the Whig Government and laid the foundation for the accession of Sir Robert Peel to power. I ask if that principle does not still remain in all its force, and whether the same party who wanted to introduce it twelve or fourteen years ago, are not now again ready to proceed with the same measure? There is another question which it is very convenient for those parties to pass over in silence. What, I wish to know, were their opinions with regard to the maintenance of the Reformed Protestant Church in Ireland? Read the speeches of the late Prime Minister, Lord John Russell, in the House of Commons, in 1844 and 1845, ulna Mr. Ward's motions for doing away, or, as it was termed, " dealing with" the Irish Church, and tell me whether the persons who opposed those motions by their votes and speeches, Were actuated by principle or not?—(Cheers.) Now, I am not going to shrink from any of the great public questions which are before the country.—(Cheers.) I have gone through these which are of all time, and which are not to be altered by thi; or that change of Government. They are of all time, and the men who have them will hold them to the end, while those who have them not will be constantly nib bling and bringing them forward bit by bit, as they did the appropriation clause when out of office; though, when they find they can hold power without it, we hear no more of it.—(Loud cheers.) What happened in 1840? The Whigs then proposed certain great commercial changes, and their proposals did, no doubt, lay the foundation of all the changes which took place during the next seven years. Those commercial ques tions had never in this country before been made party questions. No party had ever before been formed on those questions, but men of both sides voted indifferently, according as their feelings and judgment led them. The late Sir R. Peel's Government was the first that hounded on the country upon those questions. They were the first, in 1841, to make them an electioneering cry. In 1840, when those gentlemen were in Oppo sition, we heard a great deal, and they taught all who trusted in them to believe that there was 5 0 . %- , thing unholy in buying sugar which the s produced—that it was irreligious and immoral. Well, was that changed in 1846, when they °raai. sup ported the Whigs in carrying the very. me asure which they themselves denounced ? Surely, if it were wrong in 1845, it could not be right in 1846, and men will be disposed to ask themselves whether these gentlemen were sincere in the opinions which they entertained. Five or six years passed on, and great changes were effected in 1846, and because the 250, gentlemen, form ing, perhaps four-fifths of the great Conservative party, who had held those principles uninterruptedly and un broken from 1832 and 1 83 3, when they first formed a party, did not sudde nl y , a nd without reason assigned, turn round on all they had previously believed, and say that it was wrong to do that w hi c h i n 1840 t h ey h a d de clared to be right, but chose to say, " We see no ar guments or reasons t o ma k e us change our opinions, and wish to see th e operat i on of those great mea sures upon the community at large before we give our asse nt to them;"—because they take that course, people tern round upon them and say, " They have no prin ciples." If th a t b o t h e case I d o not k now what a prin ciple is.— (Cheers.) We have been accused before and since of this, and have been asked what right had we to any share in the government. That is a question which, I may almo s t sa y h as b een y e ll e d out f rom ono en d of the country to the other. The government did not fan into our hands from any motion of our own. It was 10 the hands of whet is called " the Lib e r a l party," " having a large majority in the House of Conint?n s gt cer tainly, so strangely managed their affairsan d o dis- Usis Us, gusted the nation—the same press which noWit does us_ ah mind you, abusing them quite as much a s that on a motion which they themselves, at the i com mencement of the session, declared, n the Queen's Speech to be of the greatest conse quence to the tato .) , of the nation, they were defeate d. Having not b eeu backward in blowing up the panic which. then pr eva il e d about a foreign invasion, at a ll events, it not blowing it up, taking no means to les sen the alar m which Was telt, and I believe justly felt, throughout the country, those to bring l et _ Liberal gentlemen could dia n n o o t t m ev u e s n .er eh l ( s m O se m et (Cheers.) But n o t t r o y s with p i i p h o the Bill t h a t w a h l rt t Thy ? a y e wanted y second measure, but actually hit up the Queen's busi ness, and left the country to tak e care of itself. Accor ding to their doctrine nobody was fit to t a k e th e govern ment unless he had been in office before; but it so hap pened that no other men were in that position except themselves—(Hear, hear, and laughter)—therefore t h e y left the country in this dilemma—either they w ere to continue . 01 everl as ti ng possess i on o f t h e re i ns of power, or hit up the Government when they took a pet, or whenever they pleased, and then say, " There is nobody fit to ta k e the Government because he bas not been in the Government before." Well, but that is not it very convenient position for the country to be placed in--(Elear, hear)—therefore we, who were cone Dented with the largest body of Members in the House of Commons (some 250 strong), thought it to be oar duty to do what cur Sovereign called on us to do, and endeavour to govern the country.—(Cheers.) I have said there were no other men who had been in office. I may be told that that is not strictly true; nor is it, in one respect. There was certainly in the House of Com. mons a small number of gentlemen highly distin guished by their talents, abilities, and character, who no doubt would have been competent to take any of the offices in her Majesty's Government. Bat, unfortunately for them, there was no party in the House of Comm no that had any confidence in them at all—(A laugh)—and the result of the last election has been to show that the constituencies and the country at large had no confidence in them, many of the most in. fluential having lost their seats, while their immediate followers have certainly not increased in number.— (Cheers.) I think, therefore, I was warranted in saying that there was no party who, as the Whigs contend, were competent to take the Government. There is a qu `scion us to a family feeling among the Whigs, and l t e n a e drs a e rdesire to share offi ce among t h e i r own clique. Into that I w ill not enter, because it is foreign to the present occasion, but there is a question which I Ou ght not to pass by. We have d i ff ere d f rom t h e of what was called " the groat Conservative party' o n commerci a l police. Scarcely seven years have Pa sse d over our s . since that policy be came the law of the land. I am speaking in the pre sence of men who have not uofrequently heard me ex parhees n s m your y o opinion feelings n t s hi s o m s u e b w j c h c a t t , a c e l) u d n t e e v r e t n o at m ya ot i me when your feelings rao somewhat counter to my own. s a n s e a u hr b k e e i s l t p u l r o w o n v ) el h coil will affectmduos must the m be e d A c ly e , id o e n d in a io n n d w se a t s tl t e h d a tasi it twhheujluestcicoemtmouandimtyit—th(HatTtri.s) toe language I have always held in this town. I told you to withheld your judg ment, and that, deep as the pressure and difficulty you were labouring under might be, not to deceive yourselves into the belief that these questions would ever be settled as they merely affected yourselves, but with reference to their bearing on the whole community. I know it is an unfortunate thing. I knew it then. I know is now. It is an unfortunate thing for those wh o happen to be the sufferers. Still, I should only have been deceiving you then, and I should be only de. ceiving you now, if I led you to believe that these questions would ; be settled in this country in any other way than as they affect the great mass and majo rity of the people. Many unfortunate things have happened tending to keep the great Conservative party asunder, and nothing more so than what took place in the course of last year. We were taunted that we must not take office. We were unquestionably connected with the largest body in the House of Commons. Nothing but a majority in the House of Commons can carry on any Government; and because that party, which, as I think, had strangely thrown us over in regard to commercial matters in 1846, happened to differ with reference to the question of the Papal aggression from almost the whole Conservative body, the leaders of that party were pre vented from joining us, as they were also prevented from joining Lord John Russell last February twelvemonths. That question has no doubt tended to isolate that por tion of the House of Commons from either what is called the Liberal party on the one hand, 'or the Con servative party on the other. They stand very much alone, and that, no doubt, very much strengthens the position which I started with, that they had no chance of forming a Government.—(Hear, hear.) The only other question which remains is the course that is pro posed to be taken with reference to those suffering in terests of the country. The agricultural interest has no doubt suffered, and the shipping interest has no doubt suffered; and if it had not been for matters to which I shall shortly advert, they would have suffered still more severely. We agriculturists, in the south of England particularly, have always had two great difficul ties to contend with. At times we have had fluctuating prices, and that I am afraid nothing will remove from us. We shall have them, I fear, fluctuating still, only on a lower scale. Fluctuate they will at seasons, and neither free trade nor anything else will prevent higher or lower prices; but no doubt we shall have them on a lower scale, except under special circumstances. The other matter we suffered from in the south of England was our labour market. Every one who is acquainted with the management of land is aware that the occupiers in the south do and did cultivate their farms at a greater expense for labour than our brethren north of the Tweed. The actual cost for labour on a farm north cf the Tweed, cultivating the same quality of land in the same m3nncr has been satisfactorily proved to be much less per acre than in the south of England. That, no doubt, is very much owing to the state of our labour market. Our parishes, many of them, were overdone with labour, and we were obliged, therefore, to employ a greater amount of labour at a low rate of wages, and that is the most expensive labour we can employ.—(Cheers.) Well, circumstances which had nothing on earth to do with free trade—the famine and the destruction of human life in Ireland—the vast exodus of onr people which has taken place in conse quence of that and of the discovery of the precious metals in other parts of the world, have occasioned such adiminution in the labour market thet no difficulty is likely to be felt on that head for some time to come. That has also very much relieved the shipping interest, the demand for shipping for the purposes of emigration being so great that no British ship is unemployed, but that we have been obliged to have recourse to Dutch, Hamberg'n, and other foreign ships, to carry the people away. What the ultimate eff3ct will bo of thus strippieg the land of its sinews and strength God only knows; but the real fact is that in Ireland, from the misery of the people, and in England from the hope of gain, the people are rush ing from our shores in every way and in every di rection, as soon as they can newer the• passage money. The colonists themselves are sending home large sums of money, which are distributed by a Go vernment office as trustees for the colonists, and in the manner they direct for the purpose of hiring and sending out labour. The uffec - , no doubt, has been very much to empty our workhouses. So far it has benefited the land, and has also advantaged the shipping interest, by giving them a great amount of employment, so that the evil is somewhat palliated.—(Bear, hear.) It would be presumptuous in me to pretend to point out how much this or that cause may have tended to produce this or that amount of prosperity in various parts of the country; nor shall I attempt to say what that prosperity is. I have lived too long in this county to suppose that you feel ahything but the greatest pleasure at the prosperity of any portion of her Ma jesty's subjects. We feel it not only as a gratification to ourselves, but, further from this interested motive, that if a large portion of the country is doing well it must reflect some benefit upon us; and, above all, that they are our fellow -countrymen, and that their being the better off does not make us one jot the worse.—(Loud cheers.) I have now gone through the topics to which I wished to draw your attention. I fear I have wearied you ; but in the doubje,position in which I stand, I could not avoid it, for :,Ilievre to thank you, not only on account of the great kindness you have shown to me on every occasion, in this part of the country par ticularly, but also b e ca us e I a pp ear b e f ore you as o^e who has had the honour of b e i ng ca ll e d t o therunchs of his Sovereign, and w h o , I h o p e , i n t h a t position, will be able to be at least as useful as he was Wore in main taining those principles , :bich, I believe, we have all so earnestly at heart. THE ARM Y. GENERAL ORDER. Deputy-Adjutant-General's - efts , Woolwich, Sept. 25. Lieutenant-General Viscount Hardinge cannot sepa rate himself from the office of Master-General of the Ordance Department without expressing his best thanks the General gen t end m other cn o o f T h e : rs civilo f department, ohe for the zeal o us support and atbolrlatnhceh ranks,es o f Board: as shewieeel r l s, a t s o t t able ass istance he has at a ll t i mes received from them during t he period h o h as pres i ded over this important depar t ment of the Stat e . Lord HaFdinge is confident that this department will a lways maintain the high character it has achieved by its conduct in the field, and for its scientific and skil ful arrangements in providing the various equipments on which the efficiency of the navy and army so essen tially depends. a e 5 n - er.. In taking leave of the officers, civil as we: mili tary, he begs to assure them of the deep interest he will always feel in their welfare and honour.. Sept. 29. Il . D. GENERALRoss, D e p o u t t t D y i vE - A R° .0 4:: i t . e a h n t: The following General Order from he Horse Guards, dated the 27th instant, is promulg ated for the informa tion of the Royal Artillery: — , „ Genera l Oraer. appoint Colonel Richard Airey Horse Guards, Sept. 27. era' Commanding in Chief, ha ‘ v ‘ in T g " bee L n to be his Military becre ary, his Lordship desires that the correspondence of the army may be addressed through t h a t officer, conformably to her Majesty's regu lations.Commandincordvand of the. Right Hon. General Viscount ie p u le te a n se a l nV t en g-in -Chief. Ha,,rdpiynge, " G. BROWN, Adjutant-General." GENERAL ORDER. The followin " Woolwich, Sept. 29. g General Order, issued from the Horse Guards on the 28th inst., is promulgated for the infor mation of the Royal Artillery:— " General Order. " " Horse Guards, Sept. 28. The General Commanding-in-Chief has been pleased to appoint the following officer s t o b e hi s L or d s hi p ' s Aides-de -C a mp, viz.:— " Colonel L- , rd Charles Wellesley, unattached. Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Blucher Wood, C. 8., half-pay. " Captain Charles Earl of March, unattached. C,,ptain Hcnry Marquis of Worcester, 7lh Hussars. " Py command of the Right Hon. General Viscount Hardiuge, Commanding-in. Chiof. " G. BROWN, Adjutant-General ; ' CURRENTS OF THE OCEAN.—A bottle containing the following letter, imparting information relative to the currents of the ocean, was picked up by Captain Edward Smith, of the brig Samuel and Edward, of Bangor (United State): n l ) I :-m a7. 0 deg. 30 m 'Tier Majesty's ship 00 i 11apsicdc, Tuesd a y, F e b . 24, 18. S., long. 22 deg. 34 min. 30 sec. W., experienced a strong current, run ning N.W., at the rate of 30 miles per day ; two days previ ous, but in the above latitude and longitude, we had no cur rents, which induces me to send this bottle. Should it be picked up, note the day of the month and date, together with your latitude and longitude, and furward it to me.—Alfred Messum, Master of her Majesty's ship Rapid. We are bound Note.—Th e b o ttl e ment i one d as con to Rio de Janeiro, and have had a fine passage f r om Dia deira ; 14 days.' 29, on the n ort h- eastern part of the island of taining this note was picked up on the beach in Galeon Bay, July long. 60 56 FILOST : atir c e s , „ Ist. 14 ~N .~ 't l . , ', ~"~.