The Sun. — London, England, 1846-12-11 00:00:00

ill _ COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen ill A 'o and Prince Aiaeit promenaded on Wed- Y afternoo n i n the vicinity of O s b orne H ouse . Earl Grey left Osborne house yesterday. et e rlaaje s t y and her Royal Consort, accompan i e d b y ~..4°Yal Childre n , wa lk e d on t h e sea b ea ch yesterday v oon. e i t Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge visited 4 1 ;" 141 Highness th e D uc h ess o f Gloucester yester i Gloucester House. delktation from the Royal College of Physicians Tips 4 1111in terriew w i t h Si r G eorge G rey yes t er day at the b" n ee• The d eputat i on cons i ste d o f Dr. Paris, 8' "esid rki "t ; Dr. B urrows , C e nsor ; D r. Francis } t t l t s i ) Re gistrar ; Dr. Todd, and Dr. Na:ne . tti„let G o . k rdo had a n i n t erv i ew w i t h th e Right Hon. T. 'tid e . 1 ""n yesterday, at the office of the Board of A t c hdt 4 - 11 ,,, lita tion of Directors of the Charing cross 144 1 hi‘ j°lll. PanY, consisting of Mr. W. Hawes, Mr. ' 1 11', 4 1 % Waller, and Mr. Mellor, accompanied by Mr. t i 147 1 7. civil engineer, had an interview with Vis "elc`rpeth yesterday, at the office of the Woods and I,‘i. in Whitehall-place. li:"s R e y D '4 0. • r. Wordsworth had an interview yesterday zc .'at Ge orge Grey. 11 :!* rthi.° hn Russell returned to his residence at Chor ll 011 Wednesday evening. I w Ik4 atitli cial Committee of the Privy Council sat v b . td,„ ta , ti f •1,9 and resumed the hearing of the appeal— ' „„‘ 'aissty's Proctor v. the Solicitor of the Duchy 40.,744ier." Mr. Parker, Queen's Counsel, was heard, e „._`eslowed by the Attorney-General of the Duchy. • "'" Was again adjourned. a bur , RTING INTELLIGENCE. IkAto b , T ATTERSALL'S.-YESTERDAY. 4%irt e ; a dozen subscribers looked in in the course of t,f ft n, but with so little disposition to speculate, 1 1 th ° Nal a‘,. yh e quotation is out of the question. The I ,'"ra_p An t s Worth mention were 60 to 10 agst Vt „) 1,1 ( 1 ) e :11 1 5 ; 7 to 1 t o 501. agst Liberator, and 1,000 to ... N, ei°Jectile. „ 401. was betted that the Liberator is t 6 s l it S: t 2 '' to 1 before the day. Offers to take 6to 1 Nig itut Ott:g I_,. p ~ For the Chester Cup 700 to 10 aa , ti etiel d sitaallen, and an off , r made to lay 50 to 1 . on 7Viii; I. to take those odds in hundreds about naming z---er, Ito T be * ,..,a I:l" k R a , 4 • l4 D GUINEAS STAISES.—The following 414) '-' re n bac --"` agst the field:-Glentilt, Planet, Lune tkt,ll)_,• i n ak ° ,tn, and Sister to Cobweb colt. . •em the '",Y's Derby colt, brother to Joinville, has Itt, name • ~ lyk v , of ~ m o w pensier. t 4g *T CHAMPION COURSING MEETING. 1 / 4 s rl4. THURSDAY. I • tea t Stables. Second ties for the All-aged Stakes. at It iki 4 4 ,:_ ish-you-may-get it-Highland Lassie be utat, p 11 14 y L - T b itY-Lucy Bertram beat Maw-worm. k'Nat s s s end ties for the Puppy Stakes. ilt s ' w, light-Th orewav Lass beat Buonaparte. 1440:4. 44 ty.!rst Ties for the Ex . ni . r_g Stakes. n , 0 at t,,,,`, 0 tt1a-Silesia beat &mkt() . 'ti. j . ""Z;--Gipsy Girl beat Wildfire. k 4 tat b eat Ve Rutland Stakes-First Ties. l " , tL - ' 4ll cY-Mac beat Sam Slick. 171'71 R The Bottisham Stakes. „,-Sik-,„8 -ha damanthus beat Lord Stradbroke's Maxse. ‘t,l.llo°.,,n's Shepherdess beat Mr. Gillett 's Goody. It t: 4 "ir Msid beat Mr. Bennett's Wee Pet. worth,s Belle beat Mr. Vipan's Violet. 11, ..'114's R ioco al l a i e h N e e t w;larte e t be Sr s el iiana. lit it ' ll ovv: r°t h' 3 Batchelor Mr. Mr. Parkinson's Son of lli .4 ostr ' , 4 411 , 0 1° 1 ''s Crisis beat Mr. Fyson's Fireaway (drawn). fs ilronti beat Mr. Arabin's Airy. 4. 4 - Niir - - ORLD AND ITS WHIMS. 6 . 4„ ....._,,,......._ iti m °l•4l„ . , 4.l4°race was right in his denunciation of the !oith 14,Loei 'erount pecus. But we must be content to be sZ i „ t hin the " servile horde," for it is impossible 4 , 1 4 t a.B 7t the streets of Paris without being struck Ve Ne of "° and ingenuity evinced by our neighbours Loottheir modern innovations. For these reasons 41 44 , tis 4 P n onientiously withhold our tribute of com- SO figs Mr. Jay, of Regent-street, who was, we fiti l e th e F a d f oremost amongst our countrymen in fol. *lo t h - A r elic"). fashion of establishing a Matsonde lid e thi s 4t.artling demonstration of the manner this 'leof t h e L4 novation has been appreciated on still d Channel is to be found in the sti . 4 . 1 / 4 1 k 'Aux of business which has set I.n. 1 1 0,vtr w r i; jars establishment ; in fact, so strong IV 4 lth„.. e ireine has been the current of late. t : 4 ' 4 tna 11 'it T ht : 4 a.rienadfleposstesssterdeettv:tohespacious houses, 1110 %tia t : of his businesgsehnave invaede 4 5 , t of 4 .l l .ring territory : and he has now t s a , k , P liefloth...Lue adjoining premises, No. 251, e :hat t a li b i s . Ili;eat -1 ..„ 4 surpas s in extent those of any other . %en via n similar nature in this or any other capital. te tt hte. -84 to Paris has led to the production of fabrics ti t i n n% ,1 4, under kis own surveillance, of beautt'ul 4 00, 4 011-.' fancy ; and, in fact, this exposition has such I I 11 40 etlr exhaustless lady friends, that it would be 4 44 10 a1d 'la for us to dwell upon them. We c an P it t 1:1 " Omit to mention thqt the different 41 and ac , • kli. 3 " Ce• Bones of the various cloaks and 11 1 Z nea r " view are all t f _r,r_o;_ria i nto mourn st'i" ccordin g to 1 41 8. with suitable s'''P u "" ;is SO much to %It rial, a,,, e1e,,..'1,t and --; and alth.'"gh there: . u nnot ic ed the v ,. must not pass Itti,-"Y sketer rair ''. - - o f female figures by a Parisian t ,prra t t „ 4 ,hosv* a • ed nn se s ri gfining the various costumes at 17 4 te " 1 4. ift i v n olr, -- as-also the vast store or' winter habili s.Orn!en are to be found :it the London General rtya --"% 'Warehouse. As Aerisilyems who 4s annual visits. we surely ought to make durable 1/4 earation .I te s for giving is a guest Nit v " sharp may be the attacks of our formidable h'm-, a warm reception; but t L4utheer)rri;tniiiii.rpossaetgibolanbie,o,erwveitnhi hs,e, assistance of Mr. KirsloY.: s'‘` were condemned to dvv . , II thick ribbed ice. In his magnifi -17 magaZlne of ftirS are to be found th . e rich and costly Ist 't .". ts k Ru,sian sables, the minener and ermine, and a %Old collection of fur seal dresses of various forms, ireevices, to suit the taste of the male and female ktte• Amongst those who have already worn mantles t het 4le tnti of this velvet-like fur, are her Majesty am ] traksZ,l4l children, and nearly all the aristocracy of this 4 1.. 4 4:1 4 ,,'.." v h n 0, thus. mantled and muffle I in their warm NN .. ;t , ot afraid to meet the roug,h weather face to i o as soon as the world arrives in London, Mr• 'Nun establishment in Oxford-street will be so 141 C? that it will be impossible to inspect minutely ;ha 1; 1 : ' 4 to be seen there, so that we would counsel all o iStiaTen to be in town to drive there at once. The iNkid ,gnius of the age is ever on the watch for the f 17 11 ‘1 3 ,“1 ) . , .r, undone of the most remarkable features o ti:tia tA ' the . passion for registration. Even on the 4 1is t - ' t l . nd in Parliament, we have patriots com hjos h t ua. l the battle of the constitution must O r , coats, hats, umbrellas, 11 - mites% In the registration courts. We have and nightcaps. We 3,„„egistera for births, deaths, and marriages ; and li D.,. , PM. , 'l)76' liondrtey's shop, in Old Bond-street, you see tf ui 1 • - or th You co ok i ng garment hanging in the windows, a t t .he ll VecOgnise as having seen the like on shoulders Ll4olll° tlity--many and this is his registered cloak, t141 0b: TlPhaticallv asserts will become the classical . ""ts t .,,fi s o V2_e age. In the fecundity , of his inventive OA q taall " also hit upon a contmance . which must !_kit 04, !aPerseii e the old fashion riding . belt. a m ß n y_ 1;4, %,, d n novel method, the wearer can,. k t 4 Xte st "'perceived, contract or enlarge h . is l . n waist . to 41 be t ° ,,,' aix inches. However useful this invention ca r e. inCi.v re4 ent, it would have been more so Johnson Do Who Wl e o c i Y. And apropos of the busy locale in the M x , dividend You proceed thither, gentle reader, to get ;s 1 l 'o, d o a, or whenever your avocations call)•ou b o a olli t , t) „ ° „ t , fail to go to the famous perfumers, Rose e tptileontrfi,' to how bright and brilliant a place they liaii k Y city, mak e in the midst of the dingy and er n , s r If ft 1,,s Ne il -eu by a . .uy, the rape of your locks %illbe trfrog, y our 0, 7 i the t wh ere, , a artist of first-rate celebrity, in an apart a the Painter's art, and a little assistance 14, ° ,," and mue4;naaßination. you are - transtere,. with its 1114., illae areeiv4 - , * Paese of the bay of Naples, N te of li v i ne ii",:as l azzaroni basking the ' a rms !ticm i Yeti g " t ' If you are one of the lords of in the unclouded gis t o, nri are ushered into a room which, as k. Mr. t ati aes, sa ti ri would say, is papered with 100 havernt,..(-., ib e Bf acti oa o r , which ever way you turn, you t the tittf a r° o in t h. 7eing your counterfeit presentment s a e ts ' e4 of d eath - 'ace ; ladies, upon whose craniums ,t h *.._ hay b ' 141 1 ' 44 , em er ~ e egun to grow, by 0 Fro th - c Messrs Ituss's es'a - Iltieent, ad , al 0 recesses o - , some mysterious vtt , the . irned with glossy ringlets, ea4„_ tie p' f l an anchorite. How this is done at:t attetupt to ivine. -Post. ..........- which would Dos titiiesioiloirrulrcgE:.t—helnt e w ee il s l si b ty e o w f el p l re tl . 7 a t yi l\ n l a r. Rowland, j t v t o6 l %' ai ll eg it Would save much trouble and inco b n y ve s n t ie m n i c ' e ' ; t e e, Pt t i - o - r ;"" e "s• The public (of course there are man , y ,,. iterm. 4,)commit a .rent fault by the late poitinF: s i 444 414 1 1 ,reY are desirous th at their communieatir b . , l k) stin 7 Punctually attended to, and yet, by their , rtta e : 'lters, and not using stamps, throw eiict f t r o e ,- .. tlikletitiblnli obstacles in the way. Another fault is or int .conitrOtteci by carelessly directing letters, or 1_1:4214:11‘gli it:llr' or both. this y is another mode o f . end an 'Qat" '"e regular deliver • of their own c rn , nunteation.. Pers,' ei e I nconvenience as possible should b ti e lir t ,k )c i o n a ~t°ls,ssttnasters must be obvious to every . e *ti t tli;,„„, LI those who are indiff , rent to inc.ryenie . n . o g kki they only consider if they were in that situ_ati i;, . 4 re. C y cannot but admit the necessity of rendering of g meelr possible assistance to the laborious manaszem i e i n ow , n 111 14 4 '. That most provoking impediments i e .. areti eliti se t it r' t Y i s well known, and not unfrequen . t ..the cor esp,),,,4 Inistakes being committed with their own _ erellik-"Ilce. There are those who go so far as to ask (of „-- itt Post-office, Now , to requ st public se . rvai r. .. Vst,"?Y description) to lay public money 1 7. P :,,, t44so,,ll3clividuals' aceorwriodation is a lu , ty stret ffi tt e i ,,rs t 44.1c* be sides, postmasters and other public 0 cec ttio. ent 'ugh on hand without keeping private am)? - aCeounts. m . 1144,„ the 25th ,Nt, b ' 'NG A. PUBLIC STREET.--From 14.04, 4u,ghty-strect has been closed, very much t he to Ru i z'; "len ee of the public, to all carriages, except t h ose . 4 . ,,_tei the inhabitants. The street has been in ex adb3,73bout-fifty years, and was never closed, by night Op t m ay, tin about two months ay, when means were Di th ,e to stop the thoroughfare after eleven o'clock at 4t ee l4 t 7 h is was afterwards followed up 13‘ closing the payed li t all hours of the day. The doughty es ate is go regulated by the inhabitants, all of whom are ' - -- 61 . 1 9.40 1 by T i xtue OGA Ad passed IA 1796, DUTCH MAIL AND GERMAN PAPERS. ST. PETERSBURGII, Nov. 29.—The Archduke Con. stantine has again for some days joined the Imperial Court, which was at Gatschina for a fortnight, but is now again at Zarskogi-Selo. It is hoped that at the end of this week the Imperial Family will come to the ca pital for the winter. It is true that there are enough amusements going on to entertain thr people, but the means for enjoying them are very much restricted, in consequence of the gnat want of ready money, and the exorbitant rise of the price of provisions. Four theatres and two foreign equestrian companies. give our people daily amusem , :nt. Another object of great attraction is the Depot for goods manufactured in Moscow, an exhi bition which shows the immense progress which Russian manufactures have made in this town. Public tran quillity has been much disturbed within the last few weeks, by several murders which have been committed. CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 18.—We have not received any further authentic- intelligence from the theatre of the fearful massacre of the Nestorians Christians by Bedorhan Be), though some Europeans here affirm that they have heard from the scene of destruction, and that the devastation extended to two villages only, which are lying in ruins, coven.d '--ith snow ; that the renegade Omer Pacha ha; been raised to the rank of General, and that it is thought he will he sent against Bednhan. This would be well, though even now too late ; but if the intended campaign which the journal of Con stantinople attributes to the Porte not much zeal and energy will he displayed. Before that time Bednham .". in all prob...bility, make use of the interventions of some wise negotiator, of whom we have so many here ; and wi,l, very humbly, ask pardon of the Porte, pro mising at the same time that he will in f uture conscien tiou,ly abstain from murdering any more Nestorian Christians—a most needful promise, since in truth there are not many more Nestorians whom he can murder. Arid what answer could the Divan make to the penitent confessions of its contrite and reformed vassal, but very quietly close only one t ye, raise the other to the moun tain laird of Dschisire, and graciously pardon the good mussulman. Nevertheless, it was rather hard for the poor Nestorians that they were located exactly in that part of the country which belonged to the Sublime Porte, that they had no power 'of arresting their bloody mas sacre, and to power of punishing it. The cholera is .a err aging perceptibly in Tunis. The Of. it of Mtrza Takki-han has come to a conclusion, as far as the case can be done zeroum. Tie agreement which has been made, is, however, to be laid before the Sultan, for his approbation. 'THE HAGUE, DEc. B—To reward the officers, subal terns, and privates who distinguished them-elves in the expo :iti n against the districts of Katta VII., Katta 111. Soc.ngie Bagoe, and liana XII., on the west coast of Sumatra, at the end of 1844 and the commencement of 1845. the King has been pleased to grant the insignia of several orders of knighthood. The Mieis:er of Finance has just added to the list of artteles which enjoy freedom from all import duties when they are brought from the coast of Guinea in Dutch ships. This list will comprehend, in future, cottons, dye woods, and tortoiseshell. The consular agent of the Netherlands, at Scio, has just transmitted to the Consul General at Smyrna an account of a fresh act o' piracy to be added to the many others of the same kind which we have lately had occa sion to record. Last night the manufactory of chemicals of Messrs. Domeier and Co. was destroyed by fire. The causes of the accident are not known, but it is believed that a camphor magazine was accidentally set on fire. A re port reached us yesterday Jr, m one of our correz pon dents, which appeared to us so improbable that we took no notice of it ; but as it has been mentioned by two other papers, we now insert it. This report is, that the innocence of the Chaplain Gepkens, who was condemned to death at Arnhein, for the murder of Mr. Weigerink, has been proved, b 3 the real criminal having delivered himself up to justice. It is probable that the report has no other foundation than what has occurred at Groen loweth, a person, who appears not to enjoy the full use of his mental faculties. The Tyd— North Holland Cou rant, again refers to a report from its, correspondent at Batavia, which it published some time ago, and which we copied, which asserts that the East India Govern ment, with Dieponlegoro, had engaged to oppose, by all means in its power, the propagation of Christianity. The 7'yd sees a confirmation of this strange report in various circumstances, particularly in the total silence of ' the Government. WARSAW, Nov. 29.—The Grand Duke Michael passed through this city yesterday, on his way to St. Petersburph. Seven Polish emigrants, implicated in the revolution of 1830, were lately allowed to return to Poland, on which occasion the confiscation of their property was removed, and the sentence of civil death annulled. It is believed that these persons have, by some means or other, rendeted some service to the Cabinet of Sr. Petereburgh, and it is recollected that it was Russia which was first informed of the late Polish conspiracy. This gives ground to infer what kind of service they performed. On the other hand, a participa tor in the revolution of 1830 is just now condemned to the confiscation of his property. The proceedings against the prisoners implicated in the last conspiracy who are here confined in the citadel, is not yet begun. The directions of this investigation is in the hands of the Council of War, which proceeds with extreme rigour, and has passed three sentences of death, without pardon; ttree sentences of death, with rardon at the moment o :tecution— ith banishment and confiscation of propert3 ; "one sentence of running the gauntlet." [There seems to be some contradiction in this, but it is li'erslly translated.] The Ty:counts fr , to Stockho'm are of not later date than the preceding 27,h of November.—German Papers, )ec. 6. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. OXFORD. The name of Mr. Charlei Percival Phinn, of Ctn.lten barn College School, a successful candidate for an exhi bition at Riot College, was erroneously spelt Firm, in our paper of the 7th inst. CAMBRIDGE, DEC. 9. At a congregation held this 'day, the degree of M.A. was conferred upon— Theodore Howard Galton, Trinity College. Rev. John Am brose, St. John's Colle g e. Thomas Harvey, Christ's College. At the same congregation the following graces passed the SoLtate:— To allow Mr. Sykes, of Downing College, to resume his Regency. To appoint Mr. Churchill Babington, cf St. John's College, an Examiner, at the previous examinations in the Lent and Michaelinas Terms of the year 1847, in the place of Mr. Thompson. To return thanks to Captain Francis Blackwood, R.N., for the valuable o rnithological collection which L. presented to the University in the last vacation. On the recommendation of the Woodwardian Trustees, to authorise the Vice Chancellor to pay out of the Wood wardian fonds the sum of 201. towards building a school in the parish of Thurlton. QUEEN'S COLLEGE. John Hays, 8.A., scholar of this society, has been elected a Fellqw on the foundation of Sir John Finch and Sir Thomas'Baines. PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. At a meeting of this society, held Dec. ~Professor Sedgwiek, Vi ce -P res ident in the c hair, a paper was read by Professor Young, on the Principle of Continuity in reference to certain r, sults of Analysis. ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, At the last meeting of this socie t y by the Rev. J. J. Smith, containi n g a paper was read particular* drawn from the archives of Caius College, as well as from some of and life o f Je rem y Taylor, g t the Cambridge parish registers, concerninhe p,- stated that a new a n d care f u lly collated editi on is about to appear. of whose works it is tentage THE SHANNON STEAM-PACKET. PLYMOUTH, DEC. 7.---The Shannon steam- packet remains as last reported. To day she is to be further lightened, prePa ratery to making another effort to bring her alongside the wharf at Cardaven. Ile passengers for Falmouth and Dublin, tot nnumberctri n b o o fab;) u t t he on D e u h k u e n t d )f re ct rpnrwocaelle.d for tla't ports Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston leave town early io ttte next eeek far Broadlands, Hants, and will cteve a suceessien of visitors there during the ap- Pt caching festive season. REFUSAL TO READ THE BURIAL SERVICE. On Tuesday, one Of the officiating clergymen of SL Giles's Church, in this town, on being applied to to read the burail service over the remains of the late Mr. R. Head , wh , se de3th we r,cord this week in our obituary, a..eliked doing so on the ground that the deceased had never been adadt tett into the visible church by the solemn rite of haptism.—Cambridae Advertiser. SMITHFIELD Clam - Snow. —Among the many objects csleuf. , ted to arrest attention in the present ex hibition. ere a pair of horns that once ornamented the brows of a Her , foril ox, the property of the Duke of Malawi]. One of the horns has a representation of the Royal aura the other ef those of the Noble Duke, totzethr with appropriate inscriptions, the whole of which has been yxecuted with no other instrument than a common p , nknife. They are also carved, studded, and silver ineunted, with a figure of Ceres in the centre. They attracted much notice in the committee-room. IloN TO IMPROVE THE SIZE OF OUR CULINARY VEGETABLES.—The folowtag suggestion, by a cerre si ollent in a Canadian paper. at ems worthy of notice. Great zeal, he obseeves, is manifested in raising new varietias of culinary plants, but improving existing sorts seems to ha quite eliareg,arded. I am confident that a vast increase of food, &c.. may la. abtained by manaeing judiciously, and systematically c.trrying out for a time, what may be armed the principle of increase. Take, t'or instance, a pea, plant it in a very rich ground, allow it to bear the first year—say half a dozen pods only, and remove all the others ; save the largest single pea of these, sow it the next year, and retain of the produce three pods only ; sow the largest one the following year, and retain one putt ; aga•n elect the largest, and the next year the sort will by this time have trebled its size and waight. Ever afterwards sow the 13rgest seed. By these moans you will get peas (or anything else) of a bulk of which a e at present have no idea. AFRICAN SPECIMENS.—The parcel of specimens illustrative of natural history, &c., which we mentioned a day or two ago as having arrived from Mozambique, east coact of Africa, via the Cape, for his Majesty the King of Prussia, have been dispatched to Hamburgh by the John Bull steam-ship, en route to Berlin, and at the especial request of the authorities of his Majesty in the metropolis, the packages were permitted to pass without any examination, for fear of injuring the contents of the same, THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY ARUNDEL FAT STOCK SHOW. This show was hell on Tuesday. The exhibition of cattle was considered to be of a superior order. The dinner in connexion with the show was at the Norfolk Arms. About 130 persons were present. The Duke of Norfolk presided, and his Grace, we are happy to say, was looking remarkably jocund and well, consider• ing the fatigues he bad lately undergone. At his right sat Edward Howard Gibbon, E-q., Mayor of Arundel ; Sir H. D. Goring, Bart., John Abel Smith, Esq., M.P., and R. Prime, Esq. On the left were the Earl of March, M.P., and Lord Edward Howard. The Earl of Arundel filled the vice-chair. The Duke of Nortromc, in returning thanks for his health, took the opportunity of expressing his acknow ledgments to the inhabitants of Arundel for the propriety of their conduct during the royal visit, and to the yeo manry for the excellent manner in which they acquitted themselves. The Earl of MARCH acknowledged the toast, " The Members for the County." He was sure every one who had seen the exhibition of roots must have been grati fied. He had there seen potatoes the produce of the garden of a cotter which would do honour to any far mer in this country. It would be his endeavour and earnest hope to meet them upon these and upon simi milar occasions. Before he sat down he would propose a toast which every one would drink with pleasure. He should not drink it as anything connected with that town, though that could be a sufficient excuse, but he proposed it as a contributor to that society—" The Earl of Arundel." The Earl of ARUNDEL acknowledged the toast. The Earl of ARUNDEL proposed the health of " Mr. J. A. Smith." Drunk with three times three. J. A. Ssirrii, Esq., in returning thanks, said he agreed almost entirely with what had been said in support of these associations, and at this particular moment they were doubly important. He was one of those who thought, and had long thought, that the labouring classes in this country had not attained that state of ease and comfort which was commensurate with their importance, and he had perceived with satisfaction that public attention had been of late drawn to these societies; for though in many cases the strictures had been unjust, he welcomed even these strictures, as public attention was thereby called to this important subject. Great as might be the effects of these societies as to cultivation and other matters, he looked with much greater interest and attention to their effect on the labouring classes.—(Load cheers.) He was one of those who should never think that the proprietors of land in England had done their duty fully till something more than now existed was done to enable the labourers to be independent of parisn re lief.—(" Bravo.") He looked anxiously forward to the time when some general means might be taken to enable the labourer, by savings in his youth and manhood, to prepare for sickness and old age.—(Hear.) He believed that great as was the glory of England as compared with the rest of the world, that a poor man had a legal right of protection against want and destitution; great as that glory . was, he felt it would be much greater if by benefit societies, or some such means the poor by small contri butions might provide against sickness and old age. Competition was now to be the order of the day ,• it fell hardest upon the poor, and it was the bounden duty of the landlords of England to soften that trial as far as possible.—(Cheers.) If the Noble Duke would permit him, he would give effect to his opinions by lodging in his hands a sum of money, which should be given, on conditions that his Grace should determine, to the man who during the time had made the greatest preparations for the future to protect himself from want in sickness or ald age, and this sum should be such a sum as would be worth having, and a real object to a man, and would better his condition. The sum that he would give for this purpose was 25L—(Loud cheers.) The Noble Chairman soon after left the chair, and the company broke up.—Brighten Guardian. ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. The first of two lectures intended to convey an ele mentary demonstration of the substances which enter into the composition of plants and soils, was delivered on Wednesday evening before the members of this society, at the theatre of the Polytechnic Institution, by Dr. John Ryan, Professor of Chemistry in that establishment. The lecture was of a strictly elementary nature, being confined to an explanation elucidated by a number of in teresting experiments of the chemical properties of the four elementary bodies which enter into the organic structure of plants—namely, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen. The facts described, though already known to all present who had the slightest knowledge of chemistry, were, however, put forward in so pleasing a manner, and the experiments by which they were illus trated were so successful and striking, as to draw forth repeated marks of applause. Among the more interest ing points mentioned, and one of the least known, is, that nitrogen, which was so long regarded as a nega tive body in nature, of use only in diluting the oxygen of the atmosphere, combines with oxygen under the action of electricity, and more especially during thunder-storms, in the form of nitric acid, and thus de scends as a manure to the soil, in nitrate of potash, ni trate of soda, and nitrate of lime. This is probably one reason why vegetation should be most exuberant in countries where thunder-storms are of most frequent occurrence, and why, even in our own climate, plants present a luxurious appearance after violent thunder. Nitrogen abo combines with hydrogen to form ammonia, that invaluable principle in manure; and it is said that during thunder-storms this combination takes place in the atmosphere, and that nitrate of ammonia, a most fertilising salt, descends at such times to the earth. The lecturer concluded by going through the process of testing the preserce of ammonia in guano or other ma nures, by the use of muriatie acid and caustic potash. By adding a little of the potash or of caustic lime to the guano, the emu onia is disengaged, and on applying muriatie acid to the mouth of the retort, becomes at once visible in a thick vapour. At the conclusion of the lecture, a vote of thanks was voted to Dr. Ryon, and was presented to him by his Grace the Duke of Richmond, as president of the society The Earl and Countess Grey are expected to return to town this afternoon from Osborne House, Isle of Wight. The Noble Earl will entertain his colleagues at dinner on Wednesday, the 16th inst. SMITHFIELD CLUB CATTLE SHOW.—This exhibi tion was opened to the public at an early hour on Wednes day morning, and if the number of visitors who passed through the gates during the day may be considered any criterion, it appears to have lost none of its popularity. The Duke of Richmond, president of the club, arrived at the bazaar about ten o'clock, and together with se veral of the stewards who were in attendance, went round the yard, minutely examining the various classes. General %Vemyss, who has the honour to officiate as farm steward to the Prince Consort, was also an early visitor. The demand for stock during the day was very dull, and few sales were effected. Towards evening, however, the trade brightened, and purchases were made more freely. FUNERAL OF THE LATE MARCHIONESS (DOWAGER) OF WESTMINSTER.—The mortal remains of the late Marchioness (Dowager) of Westminster were interred in the family vault at Eccleston Church, near Eaton Hall, on Friday last. The Marquis of Westminster, the Earl of Wilton, Lord Robert Grosvenor, and her Lady ship's grandson, Earl Grosvenor, attended, with the lead. ing tenants of the Eaton estate. The Rev. Mr. Massie read the funeral service. THE RECENT FIRE AT m GRAVESEN D.—Up to Wed nesdaythe ruins of the late Gravesend, volumes o f satiodk, esiinsEguurar from fire at of flame burst forth occasionally as it may appear, 'bodies t i n ue to sift the rubbish, with the as the labourers con salvage. Notwithstanding th e amount of insura nce claims have view of obtaini ng effected reache d 30,000 L, the whole f been satisfactori l y ad j usted, and consequently the uently the work of clearance p re p arator y to the re-erection buildings for t he o p enin g of the West -street of the hasnew con siderably progr essed. Considerable difficulty, it appears has been experie nced in obtaining an unanimOns opinion as to the advisabili t y of taking the whole of the erections to be made a sufficient distance back to make the pro posted street an ornament to the town, and of increased value to the parties holding property there. It is, how ever, understood, from a meeting of the corporate au thorities, held y esterda y , that it is decided to put back the whole line of houses full nine feet, so that they s hall fall in continuity with the Talbot and Privateer Hotels. This will give twenty-four feet width to; he street, instead of fifteen, the previous width of West- street. Wellington Statue, which was _lf the . . . NOTICE. not taken away by the 21st of this two months ago, isldto defray the expenses.—Punch. month, it will be so left on the top of the triumphal arch in Piccadilly, about •FAlR.—This great horse an s E commenced CATTLE o n ood attendance of gentle men Wednesday, and there was a g and well-bred carriage and horse-breeders. young to double harness MARKET lIARBOROUGII colts sold well. Horses adapted each; hunters of good fetched from 26 to :30 guineas GREATd st ock li fe?: hunting heavy coun well-seasoned horses, adapted for several pairs of ties, realised from 70 to 80 guineas; bays or greys, well-matched carriage horses, either pedigree sold at prices of 40 to 10and 60 guineas; and • k field, fat from 20 to 24 guineas eac. In the bullock fetched 90 to 100 guineas ; good cover hacks fetched cattle sold off quickly at remunerating prices to the stock dealers. SUDDEN DEATH OF AN AGED OFFICER.-Wednes day, Mr. William Carter h e ld an inquest at the King's Arms, Carlisle-lane, Lambeth, on the body of Frederick William Fische Nosse, aged 77, lately residing at No. 1, Mount-gardens, Westminster-road. The deceased was formerly a colonel in the service of the late Emperor Alexander. He had also been a major in the Prussian army, and had likeeise been constituted Major de Place in Brussels, to receive the hundreds of troops from the battle of Waterloo, in which battle he had also taken a prominent part. The circumstances connected with his death were these:—On the night of Saturday last, about ten minutes before twelve o'clock, a noise was heard in the deceased's bedroom, and when a young female, named Emmeline Johnson, went to close the kitchen shutter& for the night, she looked through the windows of the deceased' , bedroom, and there saw the unfortu nate gentleman lying on the rug before the fire. Having called for assistance, the female and other parties en b-red the room, when they found deceased apparently in an insensible state. Without loss of time Mr. Berrel, a surgeon, was called in, but not in time to be of any as sistance. Mr. Peter Berrel said that he had prepared medicines for deceased during his lifetime, which had been prescribed for him by his own physician, and he (the deceased) had told him that his disorders were a co mplaint of the stomach ar d affection of the heart. He ( had not died from apoplexy, but it was certainly a na . tural death. Verdict, " Natural death." LONDON and NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY. -...---- A special general meeting of the proprietors of the London and North-Western Railway was held yesterday afternoon, at the Euston- square station, for the purpo 0 of considering the exp. (11( nu of leasing the Shropshi e Union Railways and Canal, of purchasing the Dunsta ble Railway, and of leasing the Scottish Central Rail way, in conjunction with the Caledonian and Lancaster and Carlisle Railway Companies. Mr. George Carr Glyn, chairman of the board of directors, in the chair. The CHAIIIMAN said he was glad the meeting gave him an opportunity of explaining and removing the doubts which seemed to prevail in reference to the amal gamating which had been going on in the county. It was well known that he had always been an advocate for sound management and the due and proper observe ante of the rights of territory. Hitherto the tributaries and branches of the railway system had originated with private companies; but when their Acts were obtained their tributaries and branches had been invariably handed over, on lease and purchase, to the larger com pany whose districts they intersected. It was for the purpose of carrying out that principle that the present meeting had been called together. A good deal of mis apprehension prevailed upon the subject of the liabilities of this company, for at the present moment they were practicably not liable for one single guarantee whatever —he meant not practicably liable so far as the interest of the company was con cerned. The only guarantee the company was Habit> for was the guarantee to the North Union Company, whose line was held jointly with the Manchester and Leeds Company ; but, in point of fact, there was no liability involved in the guarantee, because the traffic of the line returned considerably more than 10 per cent., the guaranteed interest —the guarantee of 5 per cent. to the Coventry and Nuneaton Company, which, if the line could be transferred to a private individual, would not be considered an unprofitable speculation; the guarantee to the London and Birmingham Canal Company, the traffic of which also returned more than the amount guaranteed, and the guarantees to the Bedford and Buckinghamshire lines, which would prove of great ad vantage, to their own line, because it opened up a communication, he might say, from Norwich in the East, to Oxford in the West. Those were all the guarantees they were liable for at present, but, as he said before, in point of fact, they were not liable at all, because the lines themselves would all return considerably more than the money guaranteed to them. The liabilities he proposed they should enter into now were based upon precisely the same principle. The first was a guarantee of half the premium of their own dividend and half the surplus profits to the proprietors of the Shropshire Union Railway and Canal, an extensive range of line from Wolverhampton and Birmingham to Shrews bury and Wales. The capital of the company was con siderable ; it amounted to four millions six hundred pounds, but the returns of the existing traffic were equally great, and ultimately there could be no doubt it would more than compensate them for the guarantee. The second was for the purchase of a small line to Dunstable, at the actual expense which had already been incurred, and the third was for a guarantee of 7 per cent. to the Scottish Central Railway, but that guarantee was a joint one, in conjunction with the Caledonian and Lancaster and Carlisle Company, and they would only be liable for so much of the guarantee as would be equal to the through traffic that would flow upon their own immediate lines. He concluded by moving a resolution affirming the agreement for the lease of the Shropshire Union lines. Mr. ENTWISLE, M.P., said, while he admitted to a certain extent the force of the principle with which the Honourable Chairman set out, he could zin t g h h ey am oc c e e u m pi p e a d n i 3 n ,. e n m ot it c t o e n d c f e r a e lom from his e h a i t m eg s o e r l y f e th f a l t ia t h h i e Hon. litie th e e h le a a ir n m s an had to the Had these liabilities been mentioned, th e amount would r H e o f e l Holyhead t C o o t m h e p a: l y a • 11 , have been considerably aug mented ; and , under these circumstances, he objected to the li abilities it was pro cahneds te t h r e a n i r Birmingham pro posed they should now enter into, particularly the gua rantee to the Scottish Central Company, Mr. Cassort urged the dir ectors in f uture to forward to each proprietor the terms u p on which it was proposed to lease lines. The CHAIRMAN replied that the estimate he made at their last meeting of their future prospects included the liabilities alluded to by the Honourable Member for South Lancashire, and the details of those liabilities and future prospects, which he could not make public, were open to the proprietors. With regard to the suggestion of the second Honourable Proprietor, lie could only state that it would involve the sending out of upwards of 10,000 circulars, and the directors, without the authority of the shareholders, could not take upon themselves the trouble and expense of such a proceeding. The resolution was then put and carried unanimously, as were also resolutions approving of the other two agreements. The CHAIRMAN then rose to explain the course he had taken in reference to the Birmingham and Oxford line. There were two distinct charges preferred against him: one was, that in some way or other he had interfered detrimentally to the settlement of the negotiations for purchasing the line when it was supposed to he disposed of; the second was, that he had neglected making overtures of peace till the last hour— in fact, that he waited till a cabal had been got up in Lancashire upon the subj( ct. Now, every one knew that he was an advocate of peace, and to show that he had kng been so he need only allude to what occurred last year. A negotiation was then opened for peace, and Mr. Brunel and Mr. Carter met as the accredited agents of the two companies, and arranged the terms, but the Great Western, at the last moment, refused to agree to them.' Still he was opposed to welfare be tween the two companies, he considered it detrimental to the interests of the public and the shareholders, and only calculated to benefit the lawyers. Enterta , ning these views, therefore, and knowing Mr. Russell per sonally, he again made overtures to bring about peace, believing that where there was a will there was a way, and the result was, that Mr. Russell de manded that ho should consent to the ex tension of the broad gauge from Fenny Compton to Wolverhampton, but he particularly and unequivo cally refused to give such consent. Subsequently, Mr. Saunders and Mr. Swift were appo i n t e d to negotiate as the accredited age n t s o f t h e two p a rties, and Mr. Saunders, at the first meeting, again demanded that the broad gauge should be conce d e d to the Great Western Company, but Mr. Swift r e f use d t o agree to it. At a subsequent meeting Mr. Swift prop os ed that the gauge question should be left op en , t o be fought in the next session; and now the negotiation seemed to be draw ing to a favourable close. A few hours afterwards, how ever, another meeting took place, and now Mr. Saunders proposed that the gauge question should be referred to the counsel of the Great Western Company , but Mr. Swift refused to agree to it, but proposed that it should be referred to the counsel of e ith e r comPanY, or to the newly constituted railway board. Mr. Saunders refus ed both proposals, and the negotiation went off. Now, how had he interfered to perpetuate the warfare that had been going on? But he need not dwell further on that point, because he [had received a letter from Mr. Russell since the meeting of Friday, in which he withdrew the first charge. With regard to the second charge, he would mention that the memorial from the north did not reach his hands till the Wednesday previous to the Great Western meeting, and he wrote the letter which had been so much commented upon in the hope of again laying the foundation for peace. Had he felt inclined to take advantage of the cabal, he would have communicated with the directors of the Birmingham and Oxford line rather than the Great Western Company. Ile was perfectly justified in proposing a joint lease, because it was pretty notorious that the wants cf the public were increasing to such a degree that they requires another line. Now, would it not have been better that the Birmingham and Oxford, and the Buckingham lines should have been used to take off the surplus traffic, rather than they should be put to the ex pense of laying: down double rails? Viewed in that light, he was quite convinced Parliament would have sanctioned a joint lease, and he warned the Great Wes tern Company e fa f r e . eeh T a he pr o ie n t ly iple po w i e n r t e s to op b e e ne f d oun t d o tern Company not to carry th e i r p r i nc ipl e o f c i t n ho their own district. Still he was for peace, and he yet hoped that ere long it would be come to. Mr. CASSEN, who made the second charge against Mr. Glyn, said that at all events the chairman must admit that his letter was ill-timed. Mr. IlLis MOGLEY, of Liverpool, explained the course which he had taken upon the subject, and declared that the question of the Birmingham and Oxford purchases was not settled yet. Like their Honourable Chairman, he was for peace, but if the Great Western were deter mined to test the powers of an unwholesome competi- L den, why let them. A vote of thanks was then passed to the Chairman, and the meeting broke up. GAOL-BREAKING.—On Wednesday night, a prisoner named Mackenzie made his escape from Elgin gaol in a very bold manner. The door of his cell was left open, by the doctor's orders, the prisoner having been ill and vomiting blood. Taking advantage, the prisoner forced the lock of the passage door with one of th © i ron h oo k s of his hammock, and having taken some fi re f rom t h e stove, broke open a small door leading t o t h e garret. There the prisoner set fire to the roof, a n d b urne d a hole through which to hh e t e clambered, and, fi x i ng another hook of the hammock water pipe, swung himself on to the enclosing wall , thus escaping unobser ve d. H e h as not yet been retaken. He made his escape some time ago from Forres gaol, and also from Gray's Hospital, to which he had b een removed from gaol, suffering under the same complaint. FORTUNATE ESCAPE.—Wednesday afternoon Mrs. Dixon, the lady of Mr. Dixon, proprietor of the horse bazaar, Barbican, had completed some purchases at Waterloo House, Charing-cross, and had just resumed her seat in her phaeton, when the horse took head, and set off at a furious rate before the driver had mounted the box. Fortunately the phaeton came in collision with a coal-waggon , opposite Northumberland House, by which the body of the former was d etached from the shafts. with liberated, continued its onward pace s heel s , unt il i t reac h e d d th a u h s o iiiatit St. Clement's Church, where g it was stopped, without its injuring either itself or any person. Mrs. Dixon h ad th e presence of min d to kee p her s eat. L ATES T NEWS FROM NEW ZEA LAND .—Th e fol lowing T t h h e e horse,sfets, i nte lligence has been brought by the West India mail:—" The latest date from Wellington, vid Panama, is the 4th August. The Ralph Bernal arrived at Wel lington on the 15th July, and will load for London after discharging her cargo at Auckland. The oil fisheries were very prosperous, and it was fully expected they would prove sufficient to load three ships for London. The Governor was, with all the disposable troops, attack ing the insurgent troops in the neighbourhood, and no doubt was entertained Of a successful isoue." MORNING, DECEMBER 11, 1846, THE WAR BETWEEN the UNITED STATES and MEXICO, During a war, policy and strategy go. hand in hand, and hold in common the management of the operations. No resolution, exercising a decisive influence on the fate of the war, can be taken unless both have their share in it ; and thus we can speak of a political and a military half of the war, which, however, can in no way be talon to imply that they are diverse from one another ; on the contrary, they are most closely interwoven in every direction, and at every moment. But this does not pre clude there being a political and military point of view from which every war can, and must, be regarded, parti cularly if a comprehensive and correct, not a partial, estimate is to be formed. This can only be obtained by a consideration of both points, because, as we have said, policy and strategy in war cannot be separated ; or, in in other words, because the threads which in the strate getical part often appear in inextricable confusion, have , their ends in the political part, and vice versa. If then, in the following remarks we attempt to pro• nounce a military judgment on the war waging by the United States against Mexico, we must preface that we shall not be guided by military views alone. The ne cessity of including the political relations in the motives of such a judgment appears, perhaps, nowhere with , greater force than in an examination of the opening of the campaign in question. In a military point of view it can in no way be termed brilliant, as well as regards one party as the other ; nay, more, it was erroneous, and most on the American side. The frontier, towards the enemy, was stripped of troops, the army essentially on a peace footing, and only augmented by a few regi. meats, the preparations for raising the new levies not completed, and no step taken for their actual execution All these, in a military point of view, were most un favourable circumstances, and, strategetically considered, must have forbidden the opening of the war, had not policy prevented totally opposite chances. That the latter preponderated, was the result of a correct estimate of their importance, and of a knowledge of the strength of the Union as opposed to Mexico. Nevertheless, it must be allowed that, in the beginning of the war, the initiative belonged to this latter ; that, in consequence, the war might possibly have been commenced by a de feat of the Americans, which perhaps would have been followed by a more decisive political one also. 'We may even assert that it must have been so, if the Mexicans had known better how to avail the mselves of their advan tages. The approaching explanations, which we may expect will be made about this war, will show what errors were committed, at first on the Mexican side ; that they were committed, is not only certain, but that they were important. Had this not been the case, General Taylor must have been annihilated at the very commencement of hostilities. The Mexicans, however, whether owing to physical inferiority or erroneous tactics, allowed General Taylor to extricate himself from his ill-chosen position, and thus lost their hest. chance. A comparison has frequently been drawn be tween the expedition of the American army and the Russian campaign of 1812 ; the circumstances, however, are totally different, the Russians in the latter case being the weakest in the beginning of the campaign, while on the retreat of the enemy they knew they could reckon on an important accession of force. The Mexicans, on the contrary, during the whole of the first period of the campaign, were the strongest, and therefore had the initiative.- On the American side, their chief error was allowing themselves to be seduced, by a few slight suc cesses, from the north, on to a line of operations be yond the Rio Grande del Norte, Monterey, and Saltillo, to the city of Mexico, when, having the undisputed command of the Gulf of Mexico, through their fleet, their proper basis of operation was there, with the view of capturing their capital, which would at once have given them possession of the country. The distance from Tampico or Vera Cruz to Mexico is only 300 miles, while from the basis of the American land operations. through Monterey and Saltillo, it is over 700 miles. The plan adopted by General Taylor as the principle of the campaign seems to have been to employ the Rio Grande as the basis of operation, whence the fortifications he has erected along the course of that stream, and the 10,000 men left there by him, as a sort of reserve, on his march to Monterey. The expedition of General Kearney may also be brought in connexion with this plan, he having marched on this river, and, as the best criterion of a strong basis is a great extension, he there by strengthened General Taylor's basis of operations. In this expedition, however, the consideration prepon derated that Santa 14, which Kearney chose as the object of his operations, is the centre of Mexican power in the North, and, in the position of New Mexico, be tween the Arkansas territory and New California, its capture by the North Americans must be the first step to the occupction of the latter State, the possession of which, as is acknowledged, was the primary object of the war. The eight weeks' armistice granted to Am• pudia by General Taylor was another error, though pro bably owing to the latter's ignorance of the real forces of Santa Anna in the south and Armijo in the north. This error, was the greater as it allowed the enemy time to recover from the effects of the defeat they had sustained at Monterey. With regard to the basis of operations in the Gulf of Mexico, the first thing that ought to be done is the capture of Vera Cruz, or Tampico. The former will probably be considered too strong to afford any prospect of success to the American fleet, destitute as the latter at present is of line-of-battle ships—a defi ciency that is, however, about to be remedied, by the equipment of the Ohio, 84 ; but as this ship is still in dock, we may regard the attack on Vera Cruz as indefi nitely postponed, if it is to await the arrival of that vessel. It must then be assumed that the Americans will first capture Tampico, and then besiege Vera Cruz by land and sea—a plan that presents the ''o.ver difficul ties, inasmuch as from the slow progress of the raising of Santa Anna's army, stated at 30,000 men, the Mexi can General will most likely await the Americans in the plains of Anahuac, which, as soon as Vera Cruz and Tampico are in the hands of the Americans, will be the scene of further operations—Avsburg Gazette. STRANGE INCIDENT-A FOUND LING. On Tuesday week a woman, of rather lady-like ap pearance, called at a large wholesale and retail ware house in this city, and after making some trilling pur chases, requested permission to leave, for a fe .7 mi nutes, a rather large basket which she carried in her hand, as she had " another call to make." Some time having elapsed without the woman re-appearing, the attention of one of the young men was called to the article in question by observing, as he fancied, some thing moving inside. On farther examination, its con tents were found to be nothing less than a fine thriving babe, with the following words labelled on its breast : —" Be kind to it. Its father is in the warehouser— This astounding discovery produced of course, a general sensation, much titillation, a good deal , eif bantering, and not a little sly scrutiny as to which of all the young nr.'n blushed deepest. Not one, however, of the one hundred and fifty—for they amounted to no smaller a number—had the candour, like Mrs. Muhprop in her love for Sir Lucius, to " own the soft impeachment !" In this dilemma, one of the partners of the firm resolved to follow the example of the renowned philomath Doctor O'Toole, who, when unable to detect a delinquent, uni formly took the sure plan of thrashing all the boys in the school ! In other words, he proposed that eveif man in the establishment should be mulcted in a penny a-week for the support of their interesting " charge ;". and, accordingly, the unconscious little hero or heroine of this curious story, has been carefully put out to nurse with the prospect of being well looked after. The progress of the infant will no doubt be watiked with as much anxiety as that of the juniar Dombey himself ; and if it turn out to have red hair, or a nose more than ordinarily snub, or any other marked peculiarity of person, how great will be the consternation in the breast of every unfortunate possessor of similar characteristics among its one hundred and fifty foster-fathers ! In the mean time, the latter will be particularly careful how they take in any more queer-looking baskets, lest the esta blishment with which they are connected should be transformed into another L'llospitaldes Enfans Trouves. —Glasgow Argus. LORD DUNDONALD'S WAR PLAN.—The scientific commission appointed to examine and decide on the merits of his Lordship's discovery, is occupied with the investi g ation of its principle, which neither trenches on that oCaptain Warner, nor on the ingenious invention termed gun cotton, but is, in regards the latter, of a totally different nature. Cotton explodes instantaneously, like the galvanic spark, whereas his Lordship's discovery effects a continuous evolution of intensely powerful elastic products—like the unremitting generation of ster an from boiling water, the effect of which has been ren dered familiar to the public by the steam gun (or tube) of the ingenious Mr. Perkins, from which a stream of shot, following each other in close succession, pass through the atmosphere with less opposition, and conse quently transport their overwhelming effect to a greater distance than shells, or shot propelled singly from artil- lery.—Hampshire Telegraph. ELOPEMENT.—A young lady left the residence a her respectable friends in this town on Saturday night last, by the mail train, accompanied by her waiting maid. On her arrival at Bristol she proceeded to Chel tenham, where she was discovered by her friends, at the Plough Hotel, not in the arms of her lover, but in those of the drowsy . god, to whose resistless influence the fatigue of her journey and its incidental emotions had compelled her to resign herself. She was brought home on Sunday. The young lady is in her 17th year, and will be entitled to considerable property. Being a ward in Chancery, the favoured gallant, for whose sake she adopted her indiscreet journey, would eventually have found the object of his adoration costly fur the offered PRICE, and consequently that he had' paid dear for his whistle."— Taunton Courier. An American journal says, that when a cat's tail is pinched between the door and the post, she utters tle vowels a e i o u, and finally dwelling on w till re leased, when the sound terminates on y short. An opinion prevails that a pawnbroker, receiving an article in pledge which has been stolen, can, demand from the owner the repayment of money he has ad vanced to the thief by whom the stolen goods were pledged. This is a mistake, as will be seen on reference to the 39th and 40th George cap. 99, sec. 13, which enacts that when goods are unlawfully pawned, the pawn broker is to restore them, without any mention of com pensation. FATHER EUSTACE.—A. great stir has been occa sioned among English Roman Catholics by the report that Mrs. Trollope, in the new work announced for im mediate publication called " Father herbEutace a Tale of the Jesuits," has represented some of gher officers of that order in this country in positions far from cre ditable to them. It is even said that the Superior of the Jesuits in England has received particular instruc tions from Rome relative to this work; and from all that has been suffered to transpire, we are led to anticipate some revelations not less exciting than those which at tracted so much attention in the popular work, known in England, by the title of " Priest, Women, and Fa• wines. LITERATURE. THE PEOPLE'S JOURNAL. by John Saunders. As this publication has appeared periodically,. we have frequently tak en occasion to comment upon its numerous excellencies and advantages. We can now do little better than recapitulate our commendations. It would be unjust to mention the People's Journal without observing that it is essentially entitled to that dignified appellation. It is essentially the school master of the people; it lives for the instruction and the moral improvement of the masses. On its com mencement we feared that the object was too magni ficent to be realised with any degree of efficiency by so small a publication. Our fears have been altogether dissipated. The editor has as sembled around him such a group of eminent fellow-labourers, that failure was impossible. Miss Martineau, with her sound and genial com positions; William How't-, and Mary Howitt (we cannot designate them more formally), with their picturesque and generous-hearted essays; Ebenezer Elliot, with his earnest pcetry ; Charles Mackay, with his unaffected writing , ; and a number of other equally distinguished persons, have assisted the work by their contributions. A variety of neat, and occasionally superior, eng - avings, are scattered through the pages, and the entire volume is most agreeable and singularly miscellaneous. Vol. I. Edited ATTEMPT TO BLOW UP THE LADY FEVERSHAAL NORTH SHIELDS, MONDAY.—An unsuccessful attempt was made to. day to blow up the wreck of the Lady Feversham, which has lain upwards of twelve months in the main channel of the river Tyne, at this place, doing serious injury to the harbour, and, by obstructing the navigation, causing great damage to shipping, especially during the prevalence of stormy weather. This vessel, it may be remembered, was proceeding to sea, in the month of November, last, year, coal laden, when she grounded on a shoal forward, and heeled over as the tide receded ; and, on the reflowing of the tide, she filled with water ; since which all attempts to raise her have been futile. The Universal Salvage Company (an off spring of the speculative mania of last autumn) first under took the task, by means of large bags, to be attached in a col lapsed state to chains passing round and underneath the vessel, and then inflated by means of an air-pump worked by a powerful engine. The buoyancy of the air-bags, it was supposed, would raise the vessel, but after repeated experiments, extending over several months, the project was abandoned as hopeless. The wreck was then sold as it lay, to a party here, for 2501., and further attempts were made under his direction, to raise it by means of lighters, but this plan also proved a failure. In the meantime complaints were made to the corporation of Newcastle, who are Conservators of the Tyne, by the owners and masters of vessels frequenting the harbour, of inconvenience and damage aelsing from the wreck obstructing the navigation of the river, and by pilots and others, of a diminution of water in the bar from silting up, attributed to the same cause, there being, as is alleged, nearly two feet less depth of water on the bar now .than there was twelve months ago. Under these circumstances the corporation, having af forded every facility to the parties in their various un successful attempts to raise the vessel, determined to take the matter into their own hands, - and blow the wreck up by means of gunpowder. This operation was intrusted to Mr. Brooks, the resident engineer of the eorporation, and two parties accustomed to the diving boll were engaged and brought down from London to perform the sub-marine works. The plan adopted was, to drive four piles, two on each side of, and about ten yards from, the vessel, and by means of these, a raft, consisting of four logs of fir, 80 feet in length, was moored directly over the vessel, extending from stem to ' stern. On this raft were placed the main wires, which were carried along seven other piles, to a galvanic bat tery in a craft moored about 80 fathoms from the wreck. Ten tin cylinders, containing each from 1001 b. to 1601 b. of gunpowder, were sent under the bilge of the vessel fore and aft, five on ihe larboard and five on the starboard side, and wires penetrating these cylinders extended and were attached to the main wires on the raft. The main wires, which were above the sur face of the water, were covered with cotton and India rubber varnish ; and those connecting them with the magazines in the water had an additional coat of tar, with an outer covering of list. The magazines would be sunk to a depth of about 23 feet ; and they were affixed to the vessel by means of single-sheaved blocks, having rattling-lines rove through them, which had been pre viously bolted to the vessel by the use of the diving ap paratus. This was the work of Thursday, Friday, and Saturday in last week. For the simultaneous explo sion of the magazines there were three of Smee's batteries, each having ten cells, with double plates of zinc and platina, 6i inches by 5 inches ; and a fourth battery of iron and zinc plates equal to 20 cells of the ziec and platina ; and they were charged with sul phuric acid diluted in the proportion of six parts to one. The whole of the galvanic apparatus was manufactured expressly for the occasion by Mr. H. Watson, of New castle-upon-Tyne. The interest excited by these opera tions was general and intense. Upwards of 50,000 people were congregated on the high ground overlooking the river on both sides ; a considerable proportion of whom had come fro:n Newcastle, Sunderland, and vari ous ot%er places in the neighbourhood, the iatentiou of the corporation to blow the vessel up having been an nounced by advertisement in the public prints. The Mayor and the members of the Town- Council had a steamer engaged for their accommodation ; and sew re] other steamers were well frieghted, but they were not allowed w approach within a considerable distance of the wreck, so that those that occupied the river banks had decideXy the best view. By ten o'clock, the w::LT having then nearly ebbed, the fixing of the wires was commenced, and occupied upwards of an hour, Seven of the canisters were run down to their berths, and se cured there in less than half an hour. Owing to the accidental fouling of the other ropes, a little delay oc curred in placing the remainder, the divers having to be put.in requisition. By one o'clock the whole was com pleted, and then the batteries were charged, a black flag having been hoisted at the mainmast of the Lady Faver sham, to indicate that all was in readiness to effect her destruction. The firing of a gun was the pre-arranged signal for the explosion ; and that having been given. the operator completed the galvanic circle, and a large body of water rose at each end of the wreck to the height of about tea feet. This effect being much less than was anticipated, an examination was made, when it was found that only two of the canisters had ex• ploded, and that a third one had been torn away, the others remaining precisely as they had been placed. The cause of the failure is attributed to the coldness of the day, and the inferior quality of the gunpowder, which is supposed to have been also too damp, arising from the canisters having been filled on board a hopper barge, moored near the wreck, during a thick miazling rain, which prevailed at intervals during the morning. Some fragments of the wreck were found floating on the sur face of the river after the explosion ; but if all had gone off as was expected, the destruction of the vessel would probably have been completed.' The experiment will no doubt be repeated in the course of a few days, when probably a largtr quantity of gunpowder will be used than was on this occasion, owing to the, state of alarm into which many of the inhabitants of North and South Shields were thrown by apprehensions of danger. All the windows facing the water were thrown open at the time of the explosion ; and many persons, it is said, actually removed their furniture some days previously. The river police, under the direction of Mr. Stephens, were exceedingly active in keeping the way clear ; and it is satisfactory to state that all passed off without an accident to any one. RACES TO COME. The following list of the fixtures already made for the next season, will be useful to those stewards who have not determined on the time of holding their meetings:— 1114 RCII. Coventry Warwick Spring APRIL. Newmarket C. 5 Epsom S. Bath Catterick MAY. 4 I Epsom JUNE. .• Ascot Heath 1 I Stockbridge Hampton Bibury Club JULY. Newmarket, S. S. Newmarket .. Liverpool AUGUST. Brighton Wolverhampton -d 10 *H--a 24 'Chelmsfora Lewes ll York Aereford .... ........ 25 I *Huntingdon 26 * Canterbury Warwick Doncas ter *Lincoln Newmarket, F. 0. 28 to Nutbourne. At the monthly meeting of the Central Society for the Protection of Agriculture and British IndUstryi • held on Tuesday, at 17, Old Bond-street, the question of - the repeal of the malt tax was brought under the notice of the committee, when a resolution was adopted that a meeting of that body should be summoned for the 12th A. SHAMEFUL CASE.—On the evening of Monday of January next , to tak e the sub j ect into consideration. RAILWAY A NIALG A NIATION.—We are informed, on week, a young man, named Robert M‘Gill, a native the best authority, that the Directors of the Glasgow of Ireland, was brought from the terminus of the Edin and Ayrshire Rtalvvay had a meeting, on Saturday last, burgh and Glasgow Railway, Queen-street, where lie with the Directors of the Glasgow, Dumfries, and Car had arrived by one of the trains, to the Central Police- lisle Railway, when the terms for an immediate amalga office. He was there promptly attended by Dr. Easton, motion were settled, the particulars of which, we under who, perceiving at a glance that he was labouring under stand, will he submitted to the shareholders of the fever of a most malignant kind, ordered him to be sent to respective companies, for their approval, on an early the Royal Infirmary, IN here he died on the Friday follow ing. Deceased, we have since l e a rned, became unwell at day.—Ayr Observer. SINGULARITY IN THE FRENCH DYNASTV--It is Stirling ; and a letter from that place, dated the 21st a remarkable fact in the history of France, that since November, was sent to his friends at Newry, informing them of his illnes. This letter reached them on the the time of Louis XIV., who succeeded his father Lo • 23d ult , when 31 ‘Gill's mother, notwithstanding the in- XIII., there has not been a sire?, instance of the crown als clemency of . the season, and length of the journey, maui- decending directly from father to son. Louis -- V Tested a strength of parental regard too seldom exhi• the grandson of Lous XIV. ; L ou i s X ' A ' • was kited, by proceeding at once to the house of a 10d ,, i .e . 'v I wasone of the grandsons of Louis XV. ; the son of died (query, if not murdered in the Temple). l did not succeed in transmitting L the i c s •xownp eto).ThjisNuio:npXlGylVesoonia. house keeper in Stirling, named M'Minime, where l r a - er . son had resided since March last, expecting, as she . said, Louis died at Schoenbrunn. Louis XVI., had his brothe Cho; "to find her darling boy." To her grief and disappoint cessor. The Duke of Orleans,Vlll., brother to went, however, she learned, on her arrival there, that he off by an accident as unexpected had beer sent to Glasgow per railway ; but by whom, and interrupted, it may I '9_ks X. for his suc• and at whose expense, she is not aware. Retracing her minced, the order of Prince Royat, was carried steps with a sad and ' sorrowful heart, she reached Louis Philippe . will as it was deplorable, Glasgow in time to see her loved but lost child buried in it is his grandson, be said, before even it com the ground allotted to strangers. We are informed that succession under the new dynasty. the deceased was visited in Stirling by a physician,l Duke of 40 not have, as his royal heir, a son ; which makes the case worse than- it otherwise the Count de Paris, son of the late Orleans, who is to be his heir presumptive to have b ees ,—Gla s gow Citizen. would crown. - OCTOBER. Newmarket, S. 0 ll Newmarket, F. O. ..• [The meetings against which we have placed an as terisk have not been officially announced, but in all pro bility will take place at the time mentioned.] tribute t great pc. SEPT: ALLEGED CO-EXISTENCE 0 MAN AND THE MEGATHERIUM. The Mlowing letter has beea addressed to the Editor of the Times:— Sir,—A considerable sensation appears to have been caused in the minds of the scientific, and part of the un scientific public, by the annouccement in many of the newspapers, of the _discovery in America of a fossil human bone, associated with the remains of the mega therium and other extinct quadrupeds. I have only just read in the last number of the Athenceum (Dec. 5, 1846), a brief notice of the reported discovery, copied from an American paper, and which the editor has inserted with a judicious caution to his readers, that no competent authority has yet vouched for all the facts. I feel sure that the story relates to part of a human pelvis (a frag ment of the os inominatunz), which was shown to me at Natchez last spring, together with several very remark able remains of megatheriod animals. I visited Natchez in March last, on which occasion I was informed of the antiquity assigned to the human r, lie, and h mined carefully into the evidence, ealne to the conclusion that the proofs of the en. existence the human indivi dual with the reegathoroid and other extinct quadrupeds found in the vicinity was altogether unsatisfactory. We are indebted to the skill and indefatigable industry of Dr. Dickerson, of .Natcl.er, for having formed a splendid collection of organic remains, derived from the superfi cialthe kindnessdeposits o t f o that neighbourhood. me, e t taf te; we A rd l s l t a h cc es o e mp he anied had me to the principal spot s w h ere t h ey had been procured. Ono of these, distant about six miles from Natchez, hrer been named by him the Mammoth ravine, from the ske leton of the mastodon discovered there ; and it was there also that the fragment of the human pelvis supposed to have been contemeoraneees with the megatherium was pickei up. Iu order to explain its position, a few words on the geology of the region will be indispensable. The broad, flat, alluvial plain of the Mississippi is bounded on its eastern side by a table land, about 200 feet higher than the river, and having a very gentle upward slope to th e eastward, or towards the interior. This elevated plat form ends abruptly at Natchez, in a line of perpendicu lar cliffs, or bluffs, the base of which is continually un dermined by the Mississippi. The vertical section here exposed to view affords the geologist a fine opportunity of studying the composition and succession of the strata for a vertical thiekness of rather mere than 200 feet. The whole deposit is of comparatively modern date, the up: cr 60 feet consisting of clayey loam containing shells of recent species, and the lower of sand and gravel without organic remains, except some wood and silcified corals washed out of older rocks. The yellow loam at the top bears a singularly close resemblance to the liuviatile silt, or "loess, as it is termed, of the valley of the Rhine, between Cologne and Basle. and, like it contains abundance of fresh water and land shelle, of which I myself obtained more than: twenty species, now in my cabinet in London. They belong to the genera helix, helicina, pupa, suc cinea, accompanied, or rather replaced in a few places where the loam passes into shell-marl, by lymnea, planorbis, physa, and cycles. All the species are iden tical with testacea now inhabiting the same part of the United States. With these shells are found, at different depths, some in the loam, and some in the clay at the bottom of the loam, the scattered bones, and occasionally entire skeletons of the mastodon, megatherium, mylodon, casteroides, equus, bos, and other quadrupeds. It in any part of this formation, whether at the depth of 10 feet or 100 feet, any remains of man lie buried by natural causes in undisturbed loam or clay, the antiquity of the human race is thereby established to an extent far greater than has ever yet been made out in any instance which I have had an opportunity of investi gating. It would follow that the human race had sur vived the extinction of one group of terrestrial `mam malls, and seen another succeed and replace it; and also that man had lived in North America when the geogra phical configuration of the country was very different; in other words, before the valley of the Mississippi, or even some of the strata forming its boundary rocks, were in existence. Every deposit entering into the composi tion of the bluffs of the Mississippi valley must be older than the alluvial plain and delta of that river; and we thus obtain, independently of any evidence attesting great changes in the animate world, a measure for esti mating the minimum of time which has elapsed since the bluffs originated. For we must allow a sufficient series of years for the deposition of all the sedimentary matter forming the plain and delta of the great river. I have endeavoured to calculate the period (one of enormous duration, relatively to the historical epoch), and ex plained my views on the subject in a lecture delivered to the British Association at their meeting at South ampton, and a correct, though incomplete abstract of that communication appeared in the Atheneum for Sep tember 26, 1846. _ ng exa- To come then to the point—•what proof is there that the geological position of the human pelvis bone was such as to demonstrate its anteriority in date to the entire hydrographical basin of the Mississippi, and the forma tion of its alluvial deposits and delta ? Toe yellow shelly loam, or loess, before mentioned, extends for twelve miles inland, or eastward from the river. ; and, in consequence of its incoherent and destructible nature, every streamlet flowing over it cuts out for itself, in its way to the Mississippi,. a deep gully or ravine. This denudation has of late years proceeded with accelerated speed, especially in the course of the last thirty or thirty five years. Some - ; ,-, Qralsed erosive action others to the rthqualte ot new Madrid, in 1811-12, by which this region is as ir.uth lissure, ponds being dried op, and some latid-olips caused. Colonel Wiley, a pro prietor in this part of the state of Missis.,ippi, and who well remembers the district btfore the year 1312, assured that the Mammoth ravine, aithoagh now seven miles long, and in some parts 60 feet deep, with its numerous rarnifi rations, has been entirely famed since that year, when th.., earthquake occurred. lie has hfrnsifpleugla(d some of the la-id, exactly ovcr the spot where the ravine is now situated. It is, however, enoug,h for our present purpose to 9.ffirm that whatcNer be the date or the Origin cf this watercourse, it has of late years been conider al3ly enlug,ed and lengthened, its links presenting. everywhere precipices, in which the boat as it is, retains its verticality, as is unsolidified the case with its counterpart, the loess of the lihine. Land shells are seen in great numbers at the dopth of about 30 feet from the top, and the fossil bones of the mastodon, and other extinct quadrupeds, are usually picked up in the bed of the stream after they have been washed out of the undermined cliffs, where, however, some few have also been observed in situ. tinder these circumstances, as I was given to understand, the human pelvis was pro cured at the base of the cliff. Even if it had been dug out in tha presence of a practical geologist, it would have becn necessary for him to be more than usually on his guard against deception, for land-slides have detached large masses from the cliffs, and these may easily cover human bones previously washed down by . the stream, or dislodged from the soil near the top of the cliff, where some old Indian graves, so com mon throughout the country, may have been undermined. It is not rare to find on shoal and on the shores of the islands in the Mississippi at low water, numerous bones of man, mingled with those of extinct animals, washed out of the bluffs. In these cases the human bones are as black a§ the quadrupedal fossils, having been apparently stained with peaty matter, in ie soil whore they were buriel ; but no geologist has ever ventured, on this evi dence, to infer the contemporaneousness of man and the fossil species thus accidentally associated After I had made up my mind that the remote anti quity of the human bune of Natchez was quest' oaable, and that its occurrence in the ravine might be c - .. , . p'ained in the manner above suggested, I found that C donel Wailes, a friend of Dr. Dickerson's, who accomi aniei us in part of our excursion, and who has also made a fine collection of the fossils of this neighbourhood, not only shared my doubts, but had made the same conjecture s espccting the probable manner in which the fossil may have been conveyed to the spot where it was found. I have the honour to be, Sir, yours, &c., . CHARLES L 1 ELL. _ I] , Flarley-street, December 7. SALE OF THE BOROUGH HAYMARKET.—Wednes day a sale took place of the the Borough Haymarket sheds, stabling, dwellin-houses, and other appurte nances, by Messrs. Bailey and Son. The market con tains an acre or open space of about 30,000 feet, forming the Newington Causeway. It was sold for 9001. by private cOntract. The estate is held under the Mayor, Commonalty, and citizens of London, 61 years of which were unexpired. Hors.—Mr. Epps, of the Bower Nursery, has re ceived instructions to ship, during the present week, 50,000 sets of hop plants for Hobart Town, where the soil and the climate are said to be most congenial. An inferior sore has been tried there experimentally, and found to turn out more than equal to the planters' ex pectations. The present lot comprises all the best varie ties grown in Kent.—Maidstone Gazette. The Portsmouth and Chichester Exte9sion Branch of the London and Brighton line , i s procieid7rmasitrapiTdhye towards completion. as the weather will so ng , d wn between di:O from Lumley d ll o rt u v b a l n e t p a e n rm d aunemostvvolirntebs, and nalrreeaa , 5 1% ( , , 0 ~~ , 1~ , . i 4 Ijl Id to tio 0 013.1 Of,