The Sun. — London, England, 1846-09-07 00:00:00

IRELAND. 00VVINMENT RELIEF MEASURES. umax, SEPT. 4.—Subjoined is a copy of a proclama tion which appears in the Dublin Gazette of this evening : " BY THE LORD-LIEUTENANT-GENERAL AND GENERAL GOVERNOR OF IRELAND. " BEsßonouGEr.—Whereas, by an Act passed in, the 10th year of the reign of her present Majesty, intituled An Act to facilitate the Employment of the Labouring Poor for a limited Period' in Distressed Districts in Ire land,' it is enacted, that whenever, on representation of the existence of distress in any district, it may seem ex pedient to the Lord-Lieutenant or other chief governor or governors of Ireland, that an extraordinary present ment sessions for any barony, half-barony, county of. a city, or county of a town in Ireland (the county of the city of Dublin excepted), should assemble and make presentments for the execution of public works in such district, it shall be lawful for the Lord-Lieutenant, or other chief governor or governors of Ireland, from time to time, by a notice to be published in the Dublin Ga zette, and also in one or more newspapers circulating in the respective district, and of which notice copies shall be posted in the usual places for posting public grand jury notices in such district, to direct and require that an extraordinary presentment sessions for such barony, half-barony, county of a city, or county of a town, as the case may be, shall meet and assemble for the purposes of the said Act. " And whereas representations have been made to me of the existence of distless in the barony of Raphoe, in the county of Donegal ; " Now, I, John William, Earl of Besborough, Lord- Lieutenant-General and Gover-General of Ireland, do, - by this notice, direct and require that an Extraordinary Presentment Sessions for the said barony of Raphoe, in tie county of Donegal, shall meet and assemble for the purposes of the said Act, at Raphoe, in the said barony, on Monday, the 14th day of September, at the hour of twelve o'clock, noon. Dated at Dublin Castle, the 3d day of September, 1846. " By his Excellency's command, " H. LABOUCHERE." The Gazette contains similar proclamations for hold ing baronial sessions in various parts of the counties of Cork, Clare, Donegal, Galway, Mayo, Roscommon, Blizo, Tipperary, and Waterford. The Evening Mail, while bearing testimony to the promptitude of Government in taking this early step to mitigate the impending destitution, remarks : " A most important duty will now devolve upon the several baronial sessions thus called together by the Lord-Lieutenant. With them rests the power of selec tion as to the public works to be set on foot within their respective districts; and upon their judgment will de pend the choice either of undertakings that will confer lasting benefit upon the country, or of works possessing no other recommendation than that of furnishing an ex cuse for the distribution of alms." _ _ A letter from the county of Tipperary, of yesterday's date, published in the Mail of this evening, indicates that an anti-rent war has commenced in that district, the ultimate object of which,' the writer seems to think, is the overthrow of the landlord as the prelude to the esta blishment of " fixity of tenure," He says— " In divers parts of this district, since the harvest has been - cut, some landlords and agents have thought it prudent to make, in certain instances, a distress on the, crops of defaulting tenants. Previous to the respective sale days appointed, written notices have been posted in each place of public resort for some miles around the vicinity of the place at which the sale was advertised to take place, those notices being to inform the public that they are expected to attend to prevent a sale taking place. The consequence has been, that within the last week large multitudes have been assembled at the seve ral places appointed, and have successfully, in these in stances, prevented any sale taking place. In one instance, and which occurred yesterday, preparations were made for the attendance of a large military and police force at the scene of the intended sale, for the purpose of protecting the - party authorised to sell ; but their presence was dispensed with, owing to that party deeming it useless to prosecute the affair, as no one would venture to bid for the effects exposed for sale. The friends of disorder, however, assembled, and I make no doubt that, had the sale taken place, blood would have been shed. To exhibit the cha racter of the warfare that has thus begun, I may men tion that in • the case to which I have just alluded, the tenant owed but 161., being one year's rent of a nice farm; and I am credibly informed that the wheat crop alone on it is value for 501. Here, then, was ample pro vision for the rent, with a large overplus, besides which were an oat and a turnip crop. For such a tenant no sympathy on the score of want of food could exist; and therefore the organized opposition to the payment of rent is fully manifested. That such a state of thipgs must be met by prompt and determined measures on the part of the Government and landed proprietors no one should for a moment gainsay ; if not, anarchy and con fusion will overcome law and order, not only will ruin be brought on many individuals, but the entire rights of property will become subverted. Taking into considera tion the severe loss of food that has been sustained by the people, it will become landlords to exercise the utmost extent , of leniency towards their tenants who have been sufferers—and who is it that has not been?--but, of course in different degrees, proportional to the extent of their other means. Where a landlord shall be satisfied that his claim can be met without depriving the tenant of the full means of support, he should press that claim, and do so with determination; no 'Vacillating, no submission to intimidation; for in such weakness is exhibited, and strength and confidence is imparted to the insurgent mass—for so they may very properly be designated. But to enable the landlord to act with determination, and, in fact, to assert his rights, the executive force in all its branches should give its aid; magistrates, with military and police, should be available on all occasions; and not only that, but arrange ments should be made that, in the event of no other purchasers appearing, officers of the commissariat de paatment should purchase the goods. A few such ex amples would effectually check what will otherwise grow into a very formidable, and, I fear, bloody contest. No Arms Act being now in force, fire-arms will be in re quisition amongst the vast assemblages that will collect. Indeed, I had forgotten to mention that I have been in formed that armed men did attend on the occasions I have referred to, and shots were discharged to intimi date. Another sign of the times is, that the lower orders, to a very great extent, exult over the loss of the potato crop, and hail that infliction of a wise Providence as a blessing; and it is not only because they hope by it to obtain a better description of food, but are in expecta tion of a change growing out of the confusion and dis tress which must occur; and of this fact I am aware from my own observation." In the meantime, the landlords, naturally alarmed at the present discouraging aspect of affairs, are bestirring themselves, and several influential gentlemen have already come forward with plans and suggestions for the consideration of the Executive ; the majority of which, although more or less objectionable in the details, tend to show that the public mind is at length thoroughly awakened to the danger, and that a crisis is approaching that will consummate the work tardily commenced by the institution of Lord Devon's Land Commission. There appears in print this evening a letter addressed to Lord Besborough by Mr. Horace Rochfort, of Clog rennan, a magistrate and deputy-lieutenant of the county of Carlow, in the course of which, referring to the recent landlord meeting held in Limerick, under the auspices of the Earl of Devon, he observes : " * Mr. Monsell's proposel' to compel the landlord to pro vide productive employment for the poor upon his estate,' is, I believe, in many cases, quite impracticable. Many landlords have had their estates handed down to them with a dense and wretched population, and, moreover, heavily charged with mortgages and other incumbrances. This year extreme difficulty will be found in collecting the rents ; and if with diminished means they are still to be more heavily taxed, all their present efforts to employ the poor on productive labour will be paralysed. Still, God forbid I should assert that, for this present year, we ought not to be provided with some such temporary measure as now proposed, to mitigate the im pending calamity; but, with reference to future seasons, I do assert that, to pursue, year after year, the same course, would soon eat up all the resources of the coun try. I entirely agree with Mr. Monsell, that the general employment of the people on productive labour can only be accomplished by the direct agency of the landlords; but they can only be enabled to perform this duty by some such plan as is contained in the following sugges tions being adopted by Government in the ensuing ses sion of Parliament. " Let them carry out, to a greater extent, the principle already acted upon in the Drainage Act and Board of Public Works Act. Let them lend to all landed pro prietors, who possess encumbered estates, money at 31 per cent., to pay off their existing mortgages, taking from them a first charge on their property at 5 per cent., and binding them down to lay out the difference of inte rest between 3i and 5 or 6 per ceat. annually on their estates in permanent improvements. " These improvements to be carried out by the land lords themselves and their tenants, under the immediate supervision and control of the Board of Werks, assisted by an additional staff of officers. _ _ "The fund by which they would be carried on would thus be created out of the difference between a low and a higher rate of interest, and that without risk or loss to either party. The landlord would, probably, have no objection to having the State for a creditor, instead of an individual; and the paying off of so many mortgages would have the effect of unlocking so much more capital for investment in land, and its improvement. "By this plan one of the great objections to ab senteeism would be done away with. In many cases now a large rental is swept yearly out of the country, and little or no return given. But in every instancy where such absentee landlord owed money, and chose to avail himself of this Act, a portion, at least, of his rental would be returned and invested in lasting im provements. " To this measure no objection of a party nature could be made. All persons circumstanced as I Lave de scribed would, I am sure, gladly avail themselves of it ; and those landlord; who now possess their incomes clear, but hitherto have not been inclined to expand money in ;improving their estates, would, for very shame, be forced ouwards in amicable rivalship with their neigh pours. Et:ployment becoming more general, the wages of :labour wouiil of necessity rise, and the labouring class would be enabled to procure a more substantial diet, and to withstand with courage the failure of the potato crop. A higber system of agriculture would be introduced, based on all the modern discoveries, and aided by scion, and the spirit of inquiry now abroad ; and I feel surt • that the small cottier tenant would not be left behind in the genoral progress of society around him. If by better farming he could be ,enabled to pay his r en t (and such members of nib; family as were n o t needed era find bi 3 allotment would probab.y plenty of Rork as la bourers), the great temptation to his eviction veould cease, and Aug the chief and primary ciuse of all agrarian outrage would be checked. Whenever, in the opinionof the over 'Per of the Bgard of WorkS e an estate had beerz THE SUFI., improved to the uttermost, I would suggest that the sum previously expended upon it every year should be ap plied as a sinking fund to pay off the principal of the charge held by Government; we might thus look to the next generation coming into possession of their estates not only highly improved, but also freed from the heavy charges which now paralyse the energies and cramp the best intentions of the present proprietors. Recollect the conclusion to which the shrewd and talented com missioner of the Times arrived :—That it was the want of capital and enterprise, on the part of the landlords, that tended th keep Ireland in her present backward state; and he recommended every facility being given to the transfer of property, that it might come into other hands better able to afford an outlay. But how slow this progress. How difficult the sale of a deeply-mortgaged property is found to be. Adopt the principle of the plan I now propose, and yon attain, by a different means, the same beneficial results. Neither the State nor any other public board, with all their exertions, can meet with effect the present crisis. Their work is, of necessity, almost unprofitable, and their expenditure is large; and each succeeding year, if persevered in, it will fall with redoubled weight upon the land, till its burdens become intolerable. Instead of this, stimulate and encourage the energies of the resident gentry of Ireland—tell them you expect there to perform their duty, and to come to the aid of the millions, now without food, or likely soon to be so; and hold out the promise that you, the State, will take away every excuse for backwardness, for that you will supply the means; and I firmly believe that every corner of our island will ere long present the aspect of thousands employed on productive labour, and that each year will draw closer the bond of union be tween the upper and lower classes, and render the latter less dependent upon the potato as their sole supply of food." The suggestions here thrown out by Mr. Rochfort were to a certain extent adopted by Lord Mountcashell, who, at a special meeting of the Fermoy board of poor law guardians, thus adverted to the condition of the Irish landed proprietary:— Landlords (said the Noble Earl) were usually consi dered to be a very wealthy,class; but the truth was, that the landlords of Ireland were a very poor„ body. Now he wished he had the third report of the Commis sioners appointed a few years ago to report on the state of the poorer classes in Ireland. That was in 1836, and they estimated the rental of Ireland at 10,000,000/. per annum. In 1832, however, Mr. Griffiths estimated it at 12,715,0001., and later investigation gave it at some thing over 13,000,0001. If no one else did so, he would move in his place in Parliament for a return of all the mortgages, judgment debts, and every other incumbrance that could be ascertained respecting the landed property of Ireland, and if that had been before them now, by deducting the amount of it from the gross rental, they would see what the sum was which the landlords bad at their disposal. A man might have the name of having 10,000/. a year, but if he was obliged to give up 5,0001. or 6,0001. out of it, what was the use of that to him? He had entered into some calculations on that subject, and had come to the conclusion that about two-thirds of the rental of Ireland was disposed of in that man ner, and consequently did not come into the hands of the landlords to spend as they might please. He had, therefore, come to the conclusion that the whole amount of income possessed by the landlords at their own disposal was little more than 4.000,0001 per annum. That would perhaps appear very startling. and certainly, when the incomes of the landed gentry of other nations were considered, it would be found that Irish landlords were perhaps the poorest of any other part of Europe. Then they had establishments to keep up. They had a number of followers and dependants who lived on them and by them. Just look at the state they would place a large portion of the population in by taking away the means from the landlords. He was at present speaking of the resident landlords—he was not talking of the absentees, who drew money out of the country and did no good in return. What the resident landlords received with one hand they had to expend with the other. They were not much given to hoarding, and if they were se some fifty or sixty years ago, it would be all the better for themselves and for the coun try at present. Let them have the greatest possible in clination, they had not the power. He had shown that they should part with two-thirds of their incomes These charges should be paid, and if they were not, they knew well what would be the consequence. They should very soon get into the hands of the legal gentle men, and he need not say how they would deal with them. There was no use in deceiving the public and the Government, and it was right that the tenantry should know the real state of things also. But under such circumstances all the landlords of Ireland should put their shoulders to the wheel, and endeavour to extricate, in the best way they could, themselves and their tenantry from the difficulties with which they were surrounded. They could not do so without great pecuniary assistance from the Government. The point had been already mooted at the meeting in Cork by Mr. Roche, that Government ought to lend the landed proprietors f Ireland money on the security of their properties. If they did so, they had the power of making it a first charge by Act of Parliament—(Hear, hear)—and let them bind the landlords in every pos sible way to expend these sumslin giving employment to the people on their estates. They could give those ad vances at the rate they got them themselves, viz., 3 or 31 2 - per cent., from the public creditor. If that was done be thought it would be the best and the most practical way to promote the interests of Ireland. He thought it might be done with safety and with effect. The exigency of the times required every possible exertion. The Government should come forward. The landlords, however, with the means they had, should do all in their power ; and by the united exertions of landlords and Government they might be able, not only to benefit the people of Ireland at the present time, but also for a long period of time to come. Mr. D. GERAN (Rushmount) said that though he had not the privilege of addressing them as a guardian, yet as he had been requested to attend, and having heard what Lord Mounteashell addressed to the meeting, he would offer a few observation upon it. Lord Mount cashell had stated that two-thirds of the property of Ireland was absorbed by mortgages and other incum brances. Grant that—but still the one-third remained at their disposal, and certainly in such awful times as these they ought to come forward and bear their share of the ge neral losses. He knew it was dangerous ground to say,don't pay rents. He would discountenance any such cry being raised as much as any man in the country. He hoped there would be no such thing as combination abroad; but suppose the landlords did their worst, and drove the tenantry to the wall, what would they benefit by that ? Was there to be no consideration for those who lost all they had by the failure of the potato crop ? This visi tation was no fault of the farmers—they could not forsee or prevent it. If the landlords were so deeply in debt, it was perhaps owing to the extravagance of'their ances tors. They had the fee of the land, and if debts accrued they ought to be paid off. The Government could not do all without assistance from the landlords, and their bearing their due proportion of the losses that had come on the country.—(Hear.) He did not mean to, speak disrespectfully of the landlords, or any other class ; but if those gentlemen kept carriages, and hunters, and hounds, and indulged in every other luxury, could they not abridge them on such occasions as this?—(llear.) On occasions when people could not procure the means of existence, could they not confine themselves to the necessities of life, and forgo its luxuries fora season? Lord MOUNTCASHELL.—And would no one suffer by that? Mr. GERIN considered that the general community would be served by it, and it was sometimes necessary to make some sacrifice for the public good. GOVERNMENT PATRONAGE. SEPT. s.—Although there is not as yet any official notification of a vacancy in the department, it is stated to-day that the office of Poor-law Commissioner, with a salary of 2,500/ a year, has been conferred on Mr. Mor gan John O'Connell, M.P. The Nation, while fully ad mitting Mr. O'Connell's qualifications for the situation, deeply regrets the fact of an O'Connell becoming a " sti pendiary of England," as establishing a precedent which the weak and venal will improve to their own interest. The Nation farther remarks, and with perfect truth, that When Mr. Meagher commented on the place-hunt ing of Mr. Edward Clements, he saw where this system tended, and determined to nip it in the bud. He was clamoured down by men who knew perfectly well that Mr. Clements was at that moment begging a place in London (this is not surmise—we speak from knowledge of the fact); and we are now to suffer the results of let ting the first offender escape. If the people choose to engage in a sham battle about physical force, and turn their eyes away from the questions of real importance to our cause, wo to Ireland. This is one, and the most pressing of them all." REPRESENTATION OF CLONMEL. According to the Freeman's Journal, Mr. O'Connell has nominated the Hon. Cecil Lawless to the Member ship of Clonmel, vice Mr. Pigott, appointed Chief Baron. Mr. Lawless, it may be recollected, did not join the repeal movement until after the completion of the Dungarvan " arrangement," and until it was made mani fest that by so doing he was not to forfeit all hopes of favour at the hands of a Whig Government. Really, it now looks as if Mr. O'Connell's " seventy repealers " instead of being the formidable stumb lin g - b l ock which they threatened to be, turned out to be the strongest bulwark of Lord John Russell's Ministry. MEMBERSHIP OF THE REPEAL ASSOCIA " Expecting to hear from you at your earliest con venience, I remain, your very obedient servant, T. M. Ray, Esq." " JOHN KENYON. " Dear and Rev. Sir,—ln reply to your letter of yes terday, I beg to say that the Association has always re served to itself the right to prescribe the papers eligible for subscribers to the repeal fund to order; and that you are perfectly correct in assumieg that the Association would stop the issue of any of these at any moment it was thought necessary for the safety of the Association to do so. The rules do not authorise us to remit money in lieu of papers stopped; we can only arrange for the transmission of another of the journals. We did not and could not ever accept any subscriptions on terms in compatible with the principles upon which the Associa tion was from the first based; and with the utmost re spect lam bound to inform you, that any person who refuses to assent to these principles, as they now stand, cannot be a member of the Association.—l have the honour to remain, Rev. Sir, your faithful and obedient servant, , " T. M.,RAY. " Rev. J. Kenyon, Chapel House, Templederry, Nenagh." " Chapel House, Templederry, Nenagb, Aug 23. " Dear Sir,—You state, in• reply to my demand for a remission of money proportioned to the sum we sent to the repeal funds, to enable us to provide a paper, that the rules do not authorise you to remit money in lieu of paper stopped.' This statement I must, with very great respect, question. I have never seen such rules. They are not amongst those specimens in the printed abstract which accompanied your first announcement. But, on the contrary, it seems to me that for the express purpose of securing the safety of the Association, an ap propriatien of money, to be applied by the subscribers in each locality, was resolved upon after the state prose cution. However, if you can, upon examination, dis cover such rules, and are pleased to point them out to me, I shall urge you no further on that head. " In that case, however, it will be my duty, in justice to a large number of the subscribers, to demand back their subscriptions ; because, as I have already men tioned to you, they were given upon an express condi tion, which is now being violated. The number of such subscribers I cannot state exactly at the present moment. I believe it may be one-half of the entire. But, of course, if I am obliged to rest upon this part of the case, I shall discover it exactly by a reference to themselves. " Moreover, if there be no such rules' as you have stated, and that, nevertheless, you refuse to remit that proportion of our contribution to which the rules with which I have been acquainted appear to entitle us, I must again , express my fear that I shall feel myself in the necessity of demanding back the entire subscriptions. " I cannot pretend to misunderstand the meaning of your concluding paragraph, but I do not exactly see its relevancy to the present question. I needed not special information to know that any person who refuses to assent to the principles upon which the Association was from the first based,' cannot be a member of it.—l remain, dear Sir, your very obedient servant, "T. M. Ray, E,q. "JOHN KENYON." "Loyal National Repeal Association, " Corn Exchange Rooms, Dublin, August 26. " Dear and Rev. Sir,—ln reply to your letter of the 23d instant, I beg to say that, pending the embarrass ments of the state trials, the system of remitting back money, in lieu of newspapers, and as drawback from the repeal rent, had to be resorted to. That system was subsequently given up, and the former arrangement re sumed, from and after the 23d of September, 1844. That arrangement has continued in force up to the present time. It was published in all the newspapers, and the public are fully aware of it; we cannot, therefore, return . . "if I had known, upon receiving your remittance, that it was accompanied by any such conditions as you mention, I could not have accepted the money, as those conditions would be incompatible with our rules; on the contrary, I conceived, from the following paragraph in your letter with the remittance, that you left the fur nishing of any paper or not to our entire discretion:— " 'lf your rules will warrant the return of any por tion of this sum for the purpose of providing a news paper, we are sufficiently poor to be willing to receive it; but if not, you are welcome to the whole of it, with our blessing.'—l have the honour to remain, dear and Rev. Sir, your faithful and obedient servant, " T. M. RAY. "Rev. J. Kenyon, Chapel House, Templederry, Nenagh." " Chapel House, Templederry, Aug. 27. "Dear Sir,—With every respect for you individually, I roust insist that you have shown me no rules' which should prevent you from remitting the money. It was not merely to avoid embarrassment—it was precisely to avoid responsibility that the change was made. Now, responsibility is the thing which you still affect to obviate. Why therefore recur to the very system which entailed it? " The paragraph of my letter which you quote does o t warrant your inference that I left the furnishing of a paper, or not, to your entire discretion,'—on the con trary, I stood upon your rules'—but was unaware at the moment whether the contribution was large enough to entitle us to the return of any portion of the subscrip tion according to those rules. • " Seeing, however, that it is idle any longer to expect a compliance with my just demand, feeling that the con ditions under which the money WAS tendered are by you disregarded, I hereby formally, and in the name of all the subscribers, reclaim the entire. " Now that your rules, or at least your usages, are better known to us, we will be enabled to regulate our contributions so as to avoid in future any perplexity like this.—l remain, dear Sir, your very obedient servant, " T. M. Ray, Esq. "JOHN KENYON. "P. S.—l think it as well to state that if you refuse to return the money, it is my intention to hand over my claim to a solicitor." • " Loyal National Repeal Association, " Corn Exchange Rooms, Dublin, Aug. 29. " Rev,. Sir,—ln reference to the demand mentioned in your favour of 27th instant, I beg respectfully to say that I am not empowered to give any answer further than is contained in my last letter.—l have the honour to remain, Rev. Sir, your faithful and obedient servant, " T. M. RAY, Secretary. " Rev. J. Kenyon, Templederry, Nenagh." In reply to a letter from the Rev. Mr. Meehan to the Secretary of the Repeal Association, in which the rev. gentleman protested against the conduct of the coin= mittee in expelling the Nation from the repeal reading rooms,- as also against the proceedings which compelled William Smith O'Brien to retire from the Association, the subjoined letter has been forwarded by Mr. Ray : " Loyal National Repeal Association, " Corn Exchange Rooms, Dublin, Sept. 2. " Rev. Sir,—ln reply to your letter this day received, I beg most respectfully to acquaint you, that as you de cline to acquiesce in the principles upon which the Re peal Association is based, you do not continue a member of that body.—l have the honour to remain, Rev. Sir, most respectfully, your obedient servant. " T. M. RAY, Secretary." TION. The Nation of this day - brings to light the following instructive correspondence which has passed between two Roman Catholic clergymen and Mr. Secretary Ray. The weekly organ also publishes a forcible appeal to the latter functionary from Mr. T. F. Meagher, one of the great expelled, but its length will probably preclude the chance of insertion : " Chapel House, Templederry. " Sir,—ln reply to your printed circular, announcing the stoppage of the Nation newspaper, I beg to say:— "That many of the contributors to the repeal rent which I sent last February to the Association, were mainly moved to contribute by the wish to get the Nation. If, therefore, you break your contract with them, you are bound to remit their subscriptions. " That all the contributors of that sum are opposed to the policy of your present extreme measure, as you may see by our parish resolutions, published in the Evening Freeman about a week since, and cannot convince them selves either of its justice or its its necessity. They can, therefore, be no parties to it. " That you may stop any paper which we would now select, in a month's time, just as fairly as you now stop the Nation. "I beg your committee, therefore, to relieve them selves of solicitude, and us from inconvenience and dis appointment, by sew ing us the money, that we may provide ourselves with a paper. "If you do not choose to do this, I fear I shill be placed in the necessity of demanding back the entire sub scription. THE MANSION HOUSE COMMITTEE.' The above Committee.met this day, Lord Cloncurry in the chair. The following members also attended : Mr. O'Connell, M.P. ; Very Rev. Dr. Flanagan, Peirce Mahony, John O'Donoghue, Alderman Gardiner, Thomas Gresham, Dr. Gray, and John Classon. The resolution adopted at the Music-hall, on Thurs day, having been brought before the notice of the meet ing, Mr. O'Connell proposed the following resolution:— " That the Labour Rate Act, having only just come into operation, and the Government appearing to be conscious of the existing distress and impending famine, this Committee deem it right to wait, which they do in confident hope, the result of the Government measures under the Act of Parliament : with the determination to take such active steps as they possibly can, should occa sion require or should the statute not be sufficiently effi cacious for the emergency." The resolution was unanimously adopted. ADDRESSES TO LORD BESBOROUGH.. This day addresses were presented to his Excellency the Earl of Beshorough, from the city of Waterford, the corporation of Waterford, and the town of Clonmel. The addresses from Waterford were read by the Mayor, Sir Benjamin Morris Wall, and the Town Clerk of Waterford ; that from Clonmel was read by the Mayor, Mr. Bianconi. When the deputation from Waterford had withdrawn, his Excellency conferred the honour of a private inter view upon the Right Rev. Dr. Foran, who formed one of the deputation. MR. SMITH O'BRIEN AND THE LIMERICK CORPORATION. At a meeting of the Town Council on Thursday, the Mayor in the chair, the Town Clerk read Dr. Griffin's notice of motion in reference to i'lr. Smith O'Brien. The MAYOR then read a letter from Dr. Griffin, from which the followim: is an extract : _ _ "My dear Mr. Mayor,—As I cannot to-day be present at the meeting of the Town Council, will you have the goodness to say that I withdraw the resolutions relative to the secession of Mr. W. S. O'Brien, of which I gave notice. I adopt this course at the instance of Mr. O'Brien himself, who, the first moment he saw the re solutions, wrote to me on the subject, suggesti ng th a t m y p e rseverance in moving them might, perhaps, create division in the council, and so tend to injure the cause of repeal. lie at the same timeacknowled ge d th a t th ey faithfully represented h is sentiments, and therefore that he could not question their truth." Dispatches were received on Saturday at the Colonial office from the Governor of the West India colonies. [ADVERTISEMENT.] MEDICAL TESTIMONIALS. Stony AND UEARING.—The Messrs. S. and B. Solomon' newly-in vented Spectacle Lenses afford astonishing relief to extremely imper fect vision. • We give them the decided preference to every other kind of Lens. The clearness of the transparency brings every ob ject very distinct, and enables individuals to view the most minute particle with perfect accuracy. They are particularly pleasant by candlelight, as they appear cooling to the sight, and soften bright and brilliant lights.—J. Blundell, Esq., M. 1)., 1, Great George street, Westminster; T. J. Pettigrew, Esq., F.lt S., 8, Saville-row ; J. Reansbettom, Esq., M.D., Broad-street -buildings ; A. White, Eeq., Surgeon, 3, Patllament•street ; George Cursham, Esq., M.D., 5, Saltile-rew ; Frederick Leighton, Esq., M.D., 7, ,Upper Gower street. ; 11. Golburn, Esq., Surgeon, 28, Harleyford-place, Kenning ton ; Alexander Farquhar, Esq., Surgeon, 76, Cadogan place, Bel gravorsquare ; W. Day, Esq., Surgeon, Isieworth ; John Hooper, Esq., Surgeon ' 29, Newington-place, Kennington, &e. , &c. Messrs. S. at' A 11. Solomons, Opticians and Jurists, 39, Alhemirle-street, Picc:idilly (opposite the York Hotel). Invisible and all kinds of their newly-invented and improved Acoustic Instruments, to enable individuals at an advanced age, and of forty and fifty years' stand ing o 1 extreme deafness, instantly to join in general conversation, and to catch the sound of a distant low speaker at church, theatre, &c. tey pcur the conversation into the ears to such an extent, that in - most severe eases deafness cannot he observed. Also the most 'powerful newly-invented Achromatic Opera Glasses and Telescopes. Caution.—Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians and Aurista, are not in any way connected with a person of the same name in their immediate neighbourhood, nor in any part of the coun try. To prevent mistakes, be cautious, and Observe—Only to be had ;at 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly (opposite the York Hotel). [ADVERTISEMENT.]— HOLLOWAY'S PILLS AND FE MALE CompLalNTs.—Sp extraordinary are the known virtues of Holloway's Pills that a great many titled ladles and others are pur chasing them in large quantities to distribute to poor families. These pills art in so wonderful a manner upon the system and constitution of tcmnies generally (even on infants at the breast), that whether taken when centering into womanhood, or at the turn of life, or at any other time, a few doses of this fine medicine will always produce the desired effect, and restore health when every other remedy has failed. Sold by' all medicine vendors, and sit Professor uelloway'B WA blisluueg t, 244, Strand, Loudon, LowritiN, MO DA`. EVtisTING; sEPTPMBER 1, 1846 BRENTFORD PETTY SESSIONS. LEGALITY OF ROMAN CATHOLIC MARRIAGES.,--011 Saturday a case of considerable importance to parishes generally throughput the kingdom, involving the lega lity of Roman Catholic marriages, occupied a consi derable portion of the time of Mr. G. Baillie, chairman. Patrick Daly, an Irishman of respectable appear ance, about eighty years of age, appeared before the Bench to answer a summons at the instance of the pa rish officers of Isleworth, to show cause why he re fused to support and maintain Rosina Daly, his wife. W. L. Lewis, assistant-overseer of Isleworth, deposed to the fact of Mrs. Daly having been chargeable to that parish for the last fortnight. It appeared from the evidence of W. L. Daly that she was married to the defendant in 1833 by the Rev. John Wlring, the Roman Catholic clergyman of Isleworth. She was the defendant's second wife. A solicitor, who attended on behalf of the defendant, submitted that he could not be compelled to support the female who called herself his wife, inasmuch as the marriage was an illegal one, it not having been per formed—as required by the provisions of the statute of George IV., cap, 76, sec. 22—by a person in " holy orders, nor under the authority of a " license,"inor in accordance with a " publication of banns," nor in " a church," Ste. In the course of the litigation which had taken place between the parties, the opinion of Mr. Gibbon, the barrister, bad bean taken on the point, who was de cidedly of opinion that the marriage was null and void, in which opinion Mr. Sergeant Shee and Mr. Peteradorf fully concurred. The Bench decided that as the marriage of the de fendant and the female now claiming relief from the parish of Isleworth, took place previous to 1837, when the New Marriage Act, which repealed the statute of the 4th of George IV., came into operation, it was an illegal one. They, therefore, refused to.make any order on the defendant. The summons was consequently dis missed. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. CLERKENWELL. On Saturday Ann Saunders was charged with severely wounding a young man named Wit. Pipkin. It appeared that the prisoner had on the evening of the previous day been drunk in the streets, and was followed by a mob of boys, who hooted and called her names. She at last rushed into a public-house in Vine -street, St. Andrew's, Holborn, when the complainant happening to go in for his supper beer, she exclaimed in a violent manner, " This is one of the -- that hooted at me 1" and lifting up a large knife, three feet in length, with which she had previously wounded some boys, made a desperate chop at his head. He retreated and held up his arms to ward off the blows, but she continued chopping at him, and swearing to have his life. His arms were dreadfully mutilated. The instrument was very sharp, and one cut which she made at the poor fellow actually cut a large piece of flesh from his shoulder. The young man called for assistance, when the landlord and several other per sons seized the prisoner, took the knife from her, and kept her until the arrival of policeman, 209 G, who took her to the station-house, where she gave her name Ann Saunders. She was locked up, and in the morning she was taken before a magistrate, when Mr. Pipkin at tended in a weak state, with his arm in a sling. He gave evidence confirmatory of the above particulars. He posi tively swore that he gave the prisoner no provocation for the attack upon him. He never saw her before in his life time. He , bled profusely from his wounds, and he was taken to the house of Mr. Dalton, surgeon, of Leather lane, who dressed them, and he was put to bed. After giving his evidence he was conveyed home in an ex hausted state. _ _ _ In answer to questions, he said that the prisoner de liberately chopped at him, and had the instrument struck his head, he would inevitably have been murdered. Mr. Francis Dalton, surgeon, of 52.., Leather-lane, said that the prosecutor was brought to his house bleed ing from several severe wounds, which might have been inflicted by such an instrument as the one now pro. duced, about three feet in length, and five inches broad, with a very sharp edge, and such as is generally used by chaff-cutters and skin-dressers. One of the wounds on the prosecutor's wrist was a very dangerous one. The police-constable who took the prisoner into cus tody saw her flourishing a large knife at a crowd of chil dren who were following her. He heard that some of them were injured. Saw her lift up the knife in both hands and chop at people, and he cautioned her to be ware of such conduct. Shortly afterwards he was called upon to take her into custody, when she went quietly to the station house. The prisoner, in her defence, said she had been drinking freely, when she Wa3 followed, bQaten, and kicked by the mob, when she threw herself under the protection of the police, as she felt her life to be in danger. She thought the prosecutor was one of the party when she struck him with the knife. She was very sorry for what had happened. She was fully committed for trial for the felony, when, in the course of the day, she was conveyed to Newgate in the police van. The prisoner —No young man told me anything of the kind, your Worship. Mr. BALLANTINE—We have it in evidence that you I were cautioned, and that you afterwards continued to hawk the berries. Can anything be more horrible? Joseph Lester, assistant to Mr Hiscox, confirmed that gentleman's evidence as to the prisoner's knowledge of herbs and plants, and described him as the best herb gatherer in England. He should not think it at all pro bable that the prisoner would be ignorant of the quali ties of the belladonna. He saw the prisoner on the 15th of August, when he called at his masters shop with two baskets ; one contained berries, the other herbs. He asked the prisoner what berries he had in his basket, and he replied nettle berries. The witness said, "Do you call these nettle berries ?" and the prisoner replied, " They are hockle berries." Mr. BALLANTINE—Did he say whortle berries ? Les ter—No, Sir, he said hockle berries ; but his first ex pression was nettle berries. Mr. Hiscox was re-called, and said he had seen the whortle berry, commonly called the bilberry, growing in Surrey. The berry of the deadly nightshade was a very different thing, and much larger. Lester stated that the prisoner did not say the berries were for his master on the 15th of August. They were separated from the stalk. Mr. BALLANTINE (to the prisoner)—Well, I shall commit you fur trial fur wilful murder. Mr. /Symonds, the chief clerk, said there was other evidence, and . John Donegan, a police inspector, was called, who said the prisoner was brought to the Denmark-street station-house on the 20th of August, in the custody of a police constable named Bird, of the B division, who apprehended him in Strutton-ground, Westminster. He told the prisoner he was identified as the man who sold the poistuous berries in Whitechapel on the previous Saturday, and be said he had never been in that neigh- bourhood at all. The prisoner had a basket in his pos session containing blackberries when he was appre hended They were common blackberries. Mary Ann Cox, a young woman, who appeared in a very ill state of health, said that she purchased a half pennyworth of berries of the prisoner on the 15th cf August, in Whiteehapel. He said they were hockle berries, and recommended them strongly for making tarts and pies. She was attacked with severe illness after eating the berries, and was taken to the Loudon Hospital, where she remained for several days. The evidence of several other persons who had pur chased berries of the prisoner on the same day, and who were similarly affected,' was read over. A woman, many years younger than the prisoner, here got into the witness box, and said he was a good husband to her, and had never been in the hands of the police before. John Donegan said the woman was the prisoner's wife. Mr. BALLANTINE—What of that? she has a right to be heard. The worthy magistrate then addressed the woman, and said the prisoner was charged with selling poisonous berries, well knowing them to be so, and he could not help him. It was his duty to commit him for trial for the wiltul.murder of Thomas Parker and Samuel Jones. The witnesses were then bound over in the usual form. ALLEGED WHOLESALE POISON ING OF CHILDREN. An inquest was held on Friday night at the London Hospital, on the body of a female who had committed suicide by swallowing a pennyworth of fly water. Mr. Thomas Jessop, the house-surgeon of the institu tion, on being examined by the coroner and jury, took occasion to make an important statement. He said he had analysed some of the liquid which deceased had taken, and he found that it contained a great quantity of arsenic, and the liquor was so sweetened as to attract the vermin to partake of it. He wished particularly to call the attention of the worthy coroner and jury to the label on the bottle (handing in a bottle of fly water). The coroner having attentively perused the label, said it ap peared to him a most extraordinary heading for a bottle of poison, " Sleeping made easy." Why, a person might purchase a bottle of the mixture, and, without reading the whole of the label, might conclude that it was a cooling draught, and calculated to do the party good. He (the coroner) thought the heading of the label ought to be imme diately altered. Mr. Jessop said he wanted to call the attention of the court to one part of the label, where it stated, " to destroy black beetles, cockroaches, and crickets, soak crumbs of bread in some of the liquor, and strew them about the floor, and the_vermin will eat the same and instantly die." Now what could be more dan gerous than throwing crumbs of bread, containing poi son, about the floor ? It was a well-known fact, that in the neighbourhood of Whitechapel and other densely populated districts, where the fly water had the greatest sale, there was scarcely a house but what contained many families, and the number of young children living in the same rooms with their parents it was almost impossible to tell. Of late it was well known that a vast number of children had been treated for, and died from, what was imagined natural diarrhoea. He (Mr. Jessop) had no doubt that one-third of the children said to have died from that complaint had been poisoned with fly water. It was equally well known that children, if left playing on the floor, would pick up anything they could find and put it in their mouths. Crumbs of bread, thus scattered over the floor, and left in the way of children, was exceedingly dangerous. What were the symptoms after taking the poison? He would explain. first sickness, and then diarrhoea. The children were taken in some instances to a surgeon, who prescribed for them; but the poison having become absorbed in the system, it was unknown that the deceased had died from anything deleterious. From what he had ascertained he had no doubt, as he bad before stated, that one-third of the children, supposed to have died from diarrhoea, had died from the effects of poison. Ho believed, if his remarks were noticed by the press, that they would have a very beneficial effect. LLOYD'S SHIPPING• TO MARINERS. QUARANTINE REGULATIONS. The following is an extract of a letter from Lloyd s agency, at Palermo, dated 20th August:— "In consequence of a new saintary regulation, all vessels coming through the Straits of Gibraltar, to any port of the kingdom of the two Sicilies, are subject to seven days' quarantine, and if the hatches should, on arrival, be found open, the quarantine will be 14 days, and the goods landed at the Lazaretto. " Our Minister at Naples has asked for an explana tion of this new measure.' NOTICE TO MARINERS. NEW LIGHT, ISLAND OF HONDURAS. Extract of a letter from Lloyd's agent, at Belize. dated July 20:— "On the 17th July, three lights in the shape of a triangle were exhibited at Manger Kaye, in lat. 17 deg. 36 min. N., long. 87 deg. 67 min. W., which were seen by the . writer 12 to 16 miles distant, in a very squally night. The light is so placed that by bringing the two lower lights (which are 75 feet above the level of the sea) into one, a vessel may shape her course at a distance of six miles from the Kaye for English Kaye. The top light of Manger Kaye is 95 feet above the level of the sea." TVORSHIP-STREET. On Saturday morning, the cart of Mr. Gould, a dust contractor and nightman, had deposited in a field at Haggerstone, several loads of bones and human re mains, intermixed with pieces of coffin and coffin furni ture. . Holland, one of the warrant officers, reported that he found bones, with coffin wood and furniture strewn about the place. One marine store dealer in the neigh bourhood had purchased from different' parties a quan tity of bra ss handles and coffin furniture, a specimen of which he produced, and he also produced various other things, particulaly a piece of oak coffin with the nails in it quite fresh, end which had not about it the slightest touch of decay. The coffin had evidently been cat or broken up to be carried away. Upon inquiry, in com pany with his inspector, he found that Mr. Gould's carters' had brought this matter in question from a churchyard in Friday-street, Cheapside. Weller, one of the beadles of Shoreditch, said that the matter mentioned having been deposited in a field at Haggerstone, iu that parish, m - r. Long had sent him to inquire, and it was ascertained that Mr. Liddiard, churchwarden of a parish in the City, being desirous of haviu a vault in Friday-street cleared out, had em ployed Mr. Gould to do it, and to remove the contents to an excavation where some new buildings were in course of erection, and the carters had, instead, disposed of their loads by throwing them on the spot and in the manner complained of. The inscription on one of the coffin-plates was stated to be, "E. C. Connell, deceased iu February, 1818 ;" another, " Master John Ingleby, died sth February, 1834 ;" and another, " Mrs. Ann Webb, 1838." Other plates, without inscription, and pieces of coffin, were however evidently very recent. Weller added, that from his own experience he could state that the coffin-wood produced by the officer Hol land was of very recent deposit. Mr. Long, the church warden of his parish, had given directions to have all the remains in question collected and deposited in conse crated ground in Shoreditch, and was determined to trace out and prosecute the parties who had caused such a shame ul inroad in his parish. Mr. BROUGHTON directed the parties whose names had been ascertained to be summoned before him to answer the charge. TRAM BE.,' POISONOUS BERRIES. —John Billiard was brought before Mr. Ballantine tor final examination, charged with the wilful murder of Thomas Parker, late proprietor of the Veteran beer-shop, in the Whitechapel-road, and Samuel Jones, a child, aged three years, whose deaths were caused by eating a pie in which berries of the deadly nightshade were introduced. It will be recol lected that the coroner's jury returned a verdict of Man slaughter against the prisoner, who sold the berries of the deadly nightshade on Saturday, the 15th of August, on Blackfriars-bridge and other places. Several per sons, including three post boys who purchased the ber ries, were seriously affected. Mrs. Parker, the landlady of the Veteran beer-shop, who purchased a pint of the berries on the same day, introduced them into a pie on the Sunday following, of which she and her husband par took. The child Jones, who called at the house while Mr. and Mrs. Parker were at dinner, also ate some of the pie. Mr. Parker and the child died on the follow ing day. - On the prisoner being placed at the bar, a number of persons were in attendance who had purchased the poi sonous berries of him on the 15th of August, and great interest appeared to exist. Mrs. Parker, who was attired in deep mourning, and who nearly lost her life, again attended. She has not yet recovered her health. The first witness called was Mr. John Hiscox, who said he was a druggist and medical botanist, and carried on business in the Bethnal Green-road. He had known the prisoner for five or six years or more as a herb gather, and considered hits one of the most astute herb collectors in England. The prisoner was most accurate in collecting medical herbs. Mr. BALLANTINE—Is he likely to be ignorant of the deadly nightshade? Mr. Hiscox—l should really think, from his very long experience, that he could net be igno rant of the poisonous nature of the berries of the deadly nightshade. I consider him the best gatherer of herbs and plants we have. Mr. BALLANTINE put some further questions to Mr. lliscox, who said. if he wanted au opinion upon herbs, he should ask the prisoner's opinion in preference to that of botanists, because his opinion would be practical and theirs would be theoretical. He knew the plant well. He had seen the deadly nightshade growing in shady places, and when a boy he used to avoid the berries. They were generally understood to be poisonous. Mr. BALLANTINE—Can you say the prisoner was acquainted with the properties of plants? Mr. Hiscox would not go so far as to say the prisoner was acquainted with the medical properties of plants, or their efficacy in curing particular diseases; but he was of opinion the prisoner did know the berries of the deadly nightshade were poisonous. The witness then proceeded to state that different plants had their par ticular localities. He believed the prisoner was a clever man in the selection of plants and herbs, and should think he must know belladonna from any other plant. Mr. BALLANTINE—If he knew the plant, could he be ignorant of the qualities of it? Mr. Hiscox—l should think not. Mr. BALLANTINE—Did you ever order him to gather the plant of the deadly nightshade.? Mr. Hiscox said he had not. He had been in the habit of using the ex tract of the belladonna, which he obtained of the drug gists who prepared the medicine. Mr. BALLANTINE explained to the prisoner how the evidence affected him, and asked him if he would put any questions? The prisoner said he was quite ignorant of the berry altogether. He understood roots and plants, and knew what was good and what was bad, but he really knew nothing about berries. He never picked l i berries for any herb shop in his life. He ate as many as twelve of the berries on the day he sold a pint of theni to Mr. Parker. They ware as sweet as sugar and as nice as honey. Mr. BALLANTINE—WaS that after the young men in Wnitechapel told you they were poisonous berries ? THE PQISONING IN ESSEX. CLAVERING, FRIDAY EVENING.—The inquiry con cerning the deaths of Joseph and James Chesham, aged ten and twelve years, who died from the effects of arsenic. supposed to be wilfully administered, was re sumed this morning at the Fox and Hounds Inn, in this village, before Mr. C. C. Lewis. The mother of the deceased children, it may be re membered, is at present in Chelmsford Gaol, awaiting trial for an alleged attempt to poison an infant. The investigation had been twice adjourned for the purpose of receiving the proper testimony in respect to the ana lysation of the contents of their stomachs and other im portant facts. The Rev. Mr. Brooks, the vicar of the parish, and a number of the gentry of the district were amongst the auditory in the inquest-room. The jury being called over, the Coroner called Sarah Chesham, the grandmother of the deceased children, who repeated the testimony she had previously given. The children died in January, 1845. The eldest was taken ill on a Sunday, and expired the same night. The other died on the Tuesday following, and they were buried in one coffin on the succeeding Sunday. Mr. Henry Brooks. surgeon, of Newport, deposed to opening the bodies of the deceased, and traasmitting the contents of the stomach to Professor Graham of Univer sity College Hospital, for analysation. Mr. Alfred Swaine Taylor, of Cambridge-place, Regent's-park, lecturer at Guy's Hospital, deposed that on Thursday the 29th of August. he received from Pro fessor Graham the portions of human remains sent by the last witness. On the following day he proceeded to make an analysis of them. The result showed the pre sence in both the bodies of a large quantity of yellow arsenic, which might be estimated at from 20 to 30 grains, sufficient to destroy the lives of from 3 to 6 adult persons. Tae arsenic so found had been intro• duced during life, and he was of opinion, for many rea sons, it was taken in the form of yellow arsenic. Mr. Stephen Hawks, surgeon, residing at Clavering. was next called. The first thing he heard of the de ceased children being ill was on the Sunday evening that Joseph died. The father came to his house and in formed him, when he gave him some medicine, princi pally composed of calomel. The following morning the father again came to his house, and said that his son James was taken seriously ill. He returned with him to his residence, and saw the child. At that period - he heard that Joseph nes dead, and he afterwards saw the body, he was informed that James complained of sick ness. He forwarded him some aperient medicine, as his case much resembled cholera; it was composed of calo mel and jalap. At twelve o'clock he again saw the child, and found no improvement. The medicine was again altered, a little opium, being mixed with the calo mel, and at seven o'clock, hearing he was worse, witness again visited him. He appeared fast sinking, and com plained of a pain in his bowels, and a nauseous taste in his mouth. The next day he heard that the child was dead. By the ConowEa 7 -He saw the mother two or three times in the course of the day, and on the Monday even ing after the death of Joseph, he remarked to her that it was a very unusual period of the year for cases of cholera, and expressed a wish to open his body. She gave him no answer. He attributed the death of James more to cholera than anything else. He thought he mentioned the cause of death in a casual way to the registrar. He had not since had any conversation with the mother respecting the children. Thomas Deets, a labouring man, said he lived, under the same roof as the father of the deceased. He last saw Joseph on Friday evening, the 13th of January, 1845, when he seemed very well. On the' following morning he saw his mother, who informed him that " Joe was very bad." He asked her from what cause, and she an swered that she thought it was from a blow. During the Sunday night he was awoke by Mrs. Chesham knocking at the door, and begging of him to get up, as her child was dying. He did so, and on following her up stairs into her apartment saw her husband standing with a light in his hand. James was lying upon the same bed; the floor was very dirty, as if from vomiting. Joseph had already died. By the CORONER—Mrs. Chesham did not appear much grieved; she cried a little. Elizabeth Deats, wife of the last witness, next said— On the Saturday evening before Joseph's death, she was requested to go and see the deceased, as they were sick. She did so, and confirmed her husband's statement as to appearances. Recollected a surgeon going to Mrs. Chesham's, who told her he had wished to examine the boy's body. She refused, saying she would not allow it for any money. John Chesham, a boy about fifteen years of age, and brother of the deceased, was next called. He deposed that in January, 18,45, he lived with his brother at home. He was at work when Joseph was taken ill. It was on Saturday, and on going home he found him in bed with his brother James, By the ConoNEß—Could not recollect what they had for supper that night, or the night before. Was posi tive his mother did not make any mess for him that evening. Never knew of his mother making any mess he could not eat. At the time his brother died he was taken ill. He felt pains in his head and stomach, but he soon recovered from it. Margaret Mivart, a widow, living in the village, stated that about a fortnight before the death of the deceased, the mother asked her to buy a pennyworth of arsenic to destroy rats that infested her house. She said there were a great many about, and gave her twopence to buy it. She did not purchase it, and in a few weeks she sent one of the deceased children to know if she had got it. She sent him back with the money, saying she could not get it. William Law, a rat-catcher, said he knew the mother of the deceased. A few weeks before or after their death, he could not say which, as he was passing the house, she asked him to let her have some poison to kill rats that had got into her house, which he refused. By the Jury—He had frequently:.been asked to sell it, but he always refused. That he could swear positively. Never gave any to the mother of the deceased. Mr. Thomas Newport, a farmer, residing in the vici nity of the village, deposed that the eldest deceased child worked at his farm for a year and a half, and he discharged him in January 1844, for having found two eggs in his possession. The mother seemed vexed at his leaving, especially when he told her that he should not employ him again. Did not see the mother until after the death of the children. By the CORONER—He had kept arsenic to kill rats on his farm. Was certain that he never gave any away, nor had he lent any to the mother of the children. The investigation was then adjourned. EFFECT OF SnOT UPON STEAM-VESSELS..--A party • of noblemen and gentlemen, and officers of the naval and military service, attended on Friday afternoon upon the Woolwich Marshes, to witness the experiments upon a target representing a section of a war steam-vessel's side, lined with the patent "ICan►ptulicon" composition, in vented by Lieutenant Walter, of the Royal Marines, a gentleman who for some time past has been assiduously endeavouring to surmount the many difficulties which present themselves in constructing steam-vessels for pur poses of war. The trials were very satisfactory. The aperture made by the shot immediately collapsed, prov ing that a vessel lined with the composition would be water-tight even if the enemy's shot were to penetrate both sides. A further trial, however, seems necessary, with two targets, instead of one, in order to prove prac tically all the advantages of the composition. FREAK OF NATURE.—Among a litter of pigs few days ago, from a sAv belonging to Mr. Joseph White, Baslow, was one presenting a most extraordinary appearance. It had only one eye, and that a large one, in the middle of the forehead; it had a natural mouth; four " wattles" on one side of ifs head, and one ear much larger than the other. Over the eye was a round trunk, about two inches long, and the thickness of a man's finger. It Eyed some time, but was killed by the sow lying on it.—. Derby Mercury, STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, SEPT. 4.—The market for sugar has been very dull this week, and the transactions are limited to small parcels, in some instances at lower prices. Nothing worthy of notice has been done in silk. 1,000 bales China are announced for sale by auction, in Liverpool, on the 18th instant. A good demand has been experienced for cotton this week, and sales to some extent have been effected, at gradually improving prices; and the latest transactions establish an advance of d. to id. in American descriptions. Since Tuesday there has been rather less animation in the market, the advanced rates required having tended to check the de mand. Prices, howeNer, are perfectly firm; and, after the large sales recently made, spinners and manufac turers are in a better condition to wait than they were previously. —Manchester Guardian. BRADFORD, SEPT. 3.—Wool..—There is a full supply of all kinds of combing wool in the market, but sales are difficult to effect, prices generally ruling too high to induce the spinners to buy freely. YARNS.—The de mand for yarns continues to improve, both for export and home consumption. We are glad to learn that spinners generally are obtaining an advance; spinning, for many months past, has been a most ruinous trade. PIECES.—There is a steady business doing in all kinds of goods suited to the approaching season; manufac turers are for the most part making to order. Prices fully maintained.—Bradford Observer. NOTTINGHAM, SEPT. 3. —The branches of the hosiery trade which are carried on in the town and suburbs, have, with a few exceptions, got considerably worse, and little is heard amongst the poorest class but want of work, and want of money by the mall tradesmen. The bobbin-net trade may be considered as considerably im proved, particularly in plain nets, most of the German houses being actively preparing for the ensuing October Leirnie fair. The cotton warp lace trade keeps gra dually improving, the frames being slowly put to work, while some are working long hours. The silk branch is depressed ; the same may be said of the bobbin-net silk trade, which, on the whole,, is very dull.—Nottingham Journal. LEICESTER, SEPT. 3.—A healthy business in all branches continues doing, both by the London and coun try houses. Stocks of goods on hand are very low, and wrought hose extremely scarce, the fine weather still keeping the, hands and seamers out. Yarns and wools are steady.—Leicester Journal. HOP INTELLIGENCE. FARNHAM.—The expectation that was expressed a few weeks back, that there was likely to be a crop of hops at this superior hop-growing place, has been very fully realised; the picking has now become general, and has proved their high condition in the pickers' binns. There has scarcely ever been a more rapid growing period, unless we may name the year 1826, when the Hants collection, of which Farnham forms the principal amount, reached 14,650/. old duty; if it should reach 10,0001. this year, it would be considered high, seeing that the average of the last seven years has been much under this amount. It is only during the last month that they have done such wonders, yet there are many drawbacks to. a great district crop, for many of the villages around are very deficient. We are happy to see the very great recovery made made in those of Oldham, for these were struck very hard by attack of aphides. Many of the grounds hang in a luxu riant and most picturesque manner, forming vistas, al coves, avenues, &c., ornamented with festoons of golden coloured hop strobiles feathered to the ground, the lateral shoots being generally well clothed ; although there are many instances where these side shoots are much more backward in their growth than they are at the top of the poles. In some instances there will be complete hops at the top, and the lateral shoots will have the blossom only just formed, this being the effect of the very congenial weather we have lately had. A lux uriant growth has been noticed at Bentley, at Lower Froyle, Alton, Hartley, and other places, where pains have been taken to give the proper food at seasonable times. It is now very well known of what consists the bine and what the fruit; it is therefore the business of the cultivator to add the constituents wherever the crop is found to be deficient. On this head we are assisted by the analysis made by Mr. S. Nesbit (see "Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society," last number). From this we may learn that by far the principal mineral in gredients removed from the land, when the bine and the hops are all taken away, consists of 53 parts out of every 72 of phosphate of lime, and silicate of potash and soda. The picking, which commenced at Lower Froyle on the 19th of August, was nearly a month earlier than it was last year. Tt is expected that some most excellent samples will be the result of this early picking, for they are in fine condition, and those that aro allowed to hang the longest are likely to be of the most pungent bitter, particularly if there are ample male plants around or amongst them.—Hampshire Independent. INHUMAN CONDUCT OF A SWEDISH CAPTAIN: About seven o'clock on the evening of Monday last, a Swedish seaman, of the name of Anders Hendrickson, of Gottenburg, fell from the yard of the brig Albertina, of Gottenburg, when about seven miles off Dover. It appears Captain Berg took very little trouble to save the poor fellow, never heaving to or putting the brig about to pick him up, but merely threw a plank over board, in compliance with the poor fellow's cries. This plank (about fourteen feet long and ten inches wide), from being a very expert swimmer, he succeeded in reaching. He then stripped himself of his clothes, took off his boots, and lashed them all - to one end of the plank, and took up his position at the other. In this state he continued for four hours, when an English schooner, the Joshua Carrol, of London, Captain George, from Cardiff, with iron, for Bremen, came within hail of him ; and hearing the unfortunate mates cries in the water, immediately lay to, lowered a boat, and succeeded in rescuing him from his perilous condi tion. The schooner, Joshua Carroll, brought up the next morning in the Dover Roads, arid Captain George brought the man ashore in his boat; after having treated him in the most humane, kind, and judicious manner. The Swedish Consul procured him a refit in clothing, with a little supply of cash, from a fund for the aid of shipwrecked foreigners, at the disposal of the Master of the Fellowship of Pilots, and, thus equipped, he was immediately shipped as seaman on board the Norwe gian brig Ocean, of Drontheim, lying in our harbour. The poor fellow has, during the last two days, been suffering from the effects of his exposure, but, we hear, is in a fair way of recovery.—Dover Chronicle. THE HARVEST.—The harvest of grain crops in this quarter is all but ended, and with such glorious weather for a finish as we are seldom blessed with. Hop pick ing has been general for a week past, and the crop will be abundant and of fine quality. Everywhere in this district the aftermath presents a most luxuriant appear ance. Many farmers are cutting it for a second crop of hay; we are informed by one gentleman in the neigh bourhood that his aftermath averages two tons to the acre, and that his case is not at all singular. We be lieve there never was a greater abundance of keep in the country than at present.— Worcester Herald. lIERRING ' BERWICK, SEPT. 4.--Our men nro still4ala3iv rt o f with as much vigour as ever, and in the earl' Pwe .he the week their success was pretty good, but noe now takes are lighter and not so general. Th e fish are to the north of this ; they are good in qualitY, for there is still a prospect of next week makt up .5 34' . d the indifference of the returns during the l ast few Prices have ranged from lls. to 12s. per crap. o f HoLY ISLAND, SEPT. 3.-During the latter ', Pa' • V last week the fishing was what we may .P 1 - a 5O heavy, many of the boats having between 40 ()n,. bbd crans at a shot. We heard that one s trange t he 80 crans on Friday last. This week, althougnavy, fishing is still good, the shots have not b een so nerrhe the highest ranging between 30 and 40 crans. one whole of the present week we have had betwe en and two hundred boats in our harbour cvery,,:% Some of the Island boats have night afte r night tLlee% out, and consequently had poor shots. Theie has j u ou r great. havoc amongst the nets of both strangers anu of tb i s own fishermen. The highest shot we have heard • or/ morning (Thursday) is 5 crans. As the weatherlis_oo fine the fi..hermen expect another shoal on the gru Prices from 10s. 6d. to 13s. he - P ost NORTH SUNDERLAND.-The weather during ' bo o week having been very favourable, the fishing ha cows, prosecuted at this place with great vigour and su' tbe ir end a rich harvest has rewarded the fishermen for 50 1 labour. The season is far advanced, but if the Pr e b e good weather continue over next week, a consid er ld quantity, may yet be got. On Friday, Saturtly, i ' ve to Monday mornings the boats brought in from 00 thirty barrels, and two were said to have fifty to. se c love each. Tuesday and Wednesday the herring beteg thr eef in amongst the rocks, several of the boats lost „hole four, five, and six nets each, and one crew their s few fleet. The general take ran from six to ten , an d 01 boats had nearly twenty barrels each. Thursdefadoell little was done here ; some of the Newton and ne ,oers l ' boats had good shots, but the fishing was not 5, v ie rs The prices are looking up-from lls 6d to 125. has not been many spent herrings got yet. „la 14 1 DUNBAR, SEPT. 2.-The fishing since D14:0"•-• e tak th ey e A been unprecedently heavy-not for years has pod been so great-every boat is laden to the gunwale', w sv some are making two trips within the 24 hour s ,:„„r ye!: estimated that there were brought into the hav e rflw terday 6,000 crane, and to-day is nothing behio,',i o nte is independent of the many boats that are N o vo' Fife. Should it continue through the week as P ro ugh s tire as at present, both salt and barrels will be ' c o int ° up. As it is, several curers are not packing , ip g fe r barrels but rousing in vessels, leaving the O r ; 0 11 ' 5 greater leisure. The fishing ground is about thre-,i1e5113 west of the harbour, and is said to extend thre e l pe' , length and one in breadth. Selling prices to-del eran.-Berwick Advertiser. RAILWAY SHARE MAR MANCESTER, -PTEMBER 5. netilwoir STocx Eicamms.-The H sales are- EBirmingham and , p.-Blackburn, Clitheroe, &c., 116 dis.-Boston, Stamford, !;‘,ol;_j mingbam, 1 Is. dis.-Churnet and Blythe, % p.-Eastern,,,%o ) 4 ' York Extension, 1 13-16 p.-East Lancashire,(late Preston), 9% p.-Goole, Doncaster, Sheffield, &c., d '13.4 Union, 11-16 dis. c.-Great Grimsby and Dock Extension, _„d nab Huddersfield, Halifax, and Bradford, 2% p.-Huddersfield -- chester Railway and Canal, 2% p. -Ditto Extension, it _ 7a • dig.' shire and North Yorkshire, % dis.-Leeds and Thirsk, „0,0114, 4 cester and Bedford, % dis.-Liverpool, Ormskirk, and 1 7' 8 p p.-London, Manchester, and Birmingham, Quarters (AP 00 , 17 -Ditto, ditto (C), p.-Manchester and clO , O -Manchester and Southampton, 14s. 6d. dis.-Oldt am fle i / p.-Oldham, Birkenhead, &c., 3-16 dis.-Preston and 2: r* bi (A), 4 11-16 p.-Sheffield and Manchester, Quarters, ro• Shrewsbury and Birmingham, 16 p.-Trent Valley Indian - 0i r p.-West Lancashire Coast, % dis.-West Riding 11,11°° ' Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow, and Dublin, 1 k dis. ;11 1 T E I SEPTEMBER 5. u nt STOCK EECIUNGE.-The reduction of the rate of diSeosesii Bank of England has not had the anticipated effect of f 10111 , prices; there was a considerable increase in the amount O O l5l, for a few days, but beyond that the effect has not he e l AO The trade is pretty steady, but in the absence of any stro7 s tatvoi prices are fiat, but not bad. An unfavourable finailou t i %oterai, being anticipated at the coming meeting of the Wan e ,'" g: , , Leeds Company, the stock is lower, and the feeling g'''',,,spo c a' ' o' that if the old line cannot maintain its dividends, the Pr ' d r the union lima are not very flattering. Leeds, Wakeriel`tcof lands have been a little in demand, owing to some rinnew,,'„, '3 l posed arrangement r tetween them and the Midland Con 1 1 1 , 3;; 01 has been a meeting of the Welsh Midland proprietors t0`4106 D ia Leeds, and exertions are more likely to be made in c0n.110.-0911!,/ holders In London and elsewhere, to obtain some glo re oe4, r g return than that advertised by the committee. T he _ sa d East Lancashire, 9 c. p.-Huddersfield and Manchesterivedy Leeds and Bradf 44 a 314 P' 1 14 ' 0 1. p• Thirsk, 3% dis. ord, -Manch p ester eds nd and Leeds Dewsbur Extey nsion, 4). 615. North British, Half Shares, 5% p.-Ditto, Carlisle BraenuncV.`„?, York and Newcastle (late Newcastle and Darliiigio°,,t , New, 9% p.-York and North Midland (East an d )8 14'30. 12% p.-Clitheroe Junction, 18s. 6d. dis.-Direct s. dis.-Grand Union, 14s. Gd. dis. - Great Eastern and IN 'O, t f dis.-Lancashire and North Yorkshire, 1 2 s. 60 . field, and Midland, I Is. dis. -Leicester and Bedford, eiocle? cester, Tamworth, Coventry, &c., 2s. 6d. dis.-Liverpooi,_ll' i and & P and Newcastle Junction, 10s. dis.-Liverpool, Ormslusi7o. ton, 4/. 33. 6d. p.-London and Manchester (llcTi'oesi e n V -Melton and Driffield Junction, 18s. Gd. 0. -111311 ala?„c Southampton, 159. dis.-North Staffordshire 3% P s • „ r ip' Union, Sc. dis,-West Riding Union, 41. 195. ' 68. s. - Glasgow Union, 395. dis. t Eft SHEFFIELD, SEPTEMBER 5. •Vo'' STocK ExcuAnox.-The sales are-Eastern Counii,o!!;oslf,A tension, 1% p.-London and Brighton, 6316-Great Li o " Qty' 0 Sheffield,-Ditto, Extension, 17s. Di!.l;:earld:iiiJ; 9s. dis.-Ditto, Railway and Dock, 2% p. Leeds, IN 3 )1• 1 ', Midland, 11 s. dis.-Manchester, Buxton, Matlock , a'_l`,l 275. 6d. p. -Manchester and Lincoln Union and Caw . "' dis.-Sheffield and Lincolnshire, Is. dis. 1 1°/' HULL, SEPTEMBER 5. STocE EICKANGE.-The sales are- Blackburn, Dairen , 65 , ton, Near, 1 dis.-Fleetwood, Preston, and West Rid111%...-o.ea' Leeds and Dewsbury, 21-Leicester and Tamworth, 395,• P• pool, Ormskirk, and Preston, 4% p.--North Western, 6s. and Bedford, 13s. 6d.-South Midland, 12s. 6 d. p. , n;to NEWCASTLE [Wu N-TYNE, SEPTEMBER . 1 •• 0. 1" STOCK Excnaaox.-The sales are-Caledonian New, 1 Extension, IBs. dis -Lancashire and North Yorkshire, 7 .39 Y * chester and Leeds Extension, 27 p.-North Staffordsh ire ' pit YORK, SEPTEMBER 5. 9 --1 %, STOCK EXCHANGE .- The sales are -Ipswi c h and Ba r A.--D e :, Ea tension (Norwich), 2%-Ditto (Cambridge and - 1 1 ' ter and Bedford, 135.-Leicester, Tamworth, &c., esoi' and York, 2/. 35.-Malton and Drilliell Junction, 2/. 05.7 0. b do p and Berwick, 27% -North British, Carlisle Extv,V t il i c iding t l. o pli North Staffordshire, 5% -North Western 118e•-1.„,,,e011 Jancpj I par 5-York and Newcastle (late Newcastle New, 10/. 18s. 9d.-York and North Midland (East and West Riding Extension), 13. GH SEPTEMBER 4 ' 0 1 STOCK EXCHANGE. -The EDINBUR sales , are-Abcrdeen, 91, IGs•-, AO , and Bathgate, 31. 17s. Gd.-Arbroath and Forfar, 4 ;,` , " ) .,. aad a ' l ,o l Shares, 151. 10s.-Armagh and Portrush, 12 5 • 6d ',. ! " - r nisli 811 9 1, way, it. So.-Belfast and County Down, 8s• - • - •,,,, t b 1 4 0 •,,, Union, 2/. 2s. 60.-Caledonian, 161. 155.-Ditto, N e " 1)10 4 ! O' Caledonian Extension, 10. 12s. 63.--Caledonian and Devon Cf,..641; U.-Clydesdale Junction, 29'. 10s.-Cornwall and lb 1.! 0 1 I/. 10s.-Deeside Railway, 2/. 7s. 6d.-Direct Northern,poleols/ -Dundee and Arbroath, 370.-Ditto, New, 2 3 /. los•ig e , 1 4 ; 11. / Pextb, 25/.-East Indian Railway, 16s. 3d.-Easi of il Edinburgh and Bathgate, 2/. 155.-Edinburgh au ( ' Ditto, Half Shares, 181.-Ditto, Quarters, 17/., 109. p0teip,,,,,1, New, 17/. 10s.-Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton, i 8 s• 0;0', ference, 21/. 155.-Edinburgh all Nortlern, IN' 1-* ae ° 59 14 " Newport, 21. 139.-Edinburgh and Perth, 21.- Fr 4lll IsTe +vi gil ' e, of ot;,;? Tanction, 1/. 180.-Glasgow and Ayrshire, 77,._D itt 42/.-Ditto, Quarter Shares, 18/. 15s. -Glasgow and IL 84. p lot 2/. Bs. 6d.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 11. I „,", * d gow and Dundee Junction, 11. 13s. 6d. -Glasgo w 1a t. 39/. 10s.-Glasgow General Terminus, 9L-Glasgo w , - c e, 8 11 1 161. 105.-Ditto, New Stock, 8/. 155.-Ditto, Prefer.,4-0,0v,01;j1 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ardrossan, 11. 129. 6c1. - " haven, and Lesmahagow, 2/. 195.-Granton Junction, attPor North of Scotland, 165.-Inverness and Elgin, 175. Poi, Lothians, 21. 55.-Larne, Belfast, and Ballymena'york,.o. Bristol, and South Wales, 11. 3s. 6d.-London an d col -Ditto, Half Shares, 11. 159.-Midland and Eastern , 63%,91,4 -Newcastle and Berwick, 271. 155.-North British , 3 ,, • " fidviser l y Halves, 161. 15s.- Ditto, Extension to Carlisle, 41. Fifths, 71. 17s. 6d.- North Staffordshire, 6/.-Nort h 181. 155.-Ditto, New, 91. 17s. 6d.-Perth and inv erl se,o l l',oo 6d.-Scottish Central, 191. 10s.-Ditto, New, 9/. gm . ; Jaac_ l ;,] tral and Caledonian Junction, 10s.-Scottish Gran. silo', - Scottish Midland, 71. 10s.-Scottish Southern, 11 • 175 ;r, "" , ,.ti!, and Hereford, 10s.-Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Chest South Midland, 21. 145.-Stirling and Dunfermline.` gr 4 11 1 L and Midland, 2/. 165.-Strathern Junction, 21.-W" . ness, 471. 10s. ff GLASGOW, SEPTEMBER 5. o je. p oi> STOCK Excinwor. -The sales are-Aberdeen, Ic l-. 7, a o ll ll 4 o i New, 335.- Cornwall and Devon Central, 30s. -East In e,,'..0•! 17s. 3d.-Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr, 77-Ditto! ' 3 ,9 0 ° toi> Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 365.-Glasgow, I{il' 429'3 07p:' Ardrossan, 325.-North British, Extension to Carlii le ,'tjolk Scottish Central, New 19% -Stirling and Midland JO" Strathern Junction, 41s. S C3 11 4 60° ' LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF ENGLAN 111 0' P . ay, STRICKLAND. VOLUME 9.-We have repo, ea c te' duced to the notice of our readers with des i e ' l lli e A mendation the Lives of the Queens of Engit°l7, e si,, e. i,'i sent volume is one of the most attractive that 7 IVO"' pared. It is exclusively devoted to the life °" P . or e de 0 Modena, Queen Consort of James 11. It i 5 fey piece of biography, and has cost Miss Stvie% labour and research than any of her prev i ltii ol , ll o l o She visited France in 1844, and subsequentlf rov ef or re; to say nothing of her inquiries in the Sta te rt ica l , s ibl l at home, in order that every interesting P 5 oce' est'ot garding the life of Mary Beatrice, which i'd be r o s h , might be made to contribute to the inter es t "ere s ) rative. Miss Strickland has discovered a 14",i°Ranh i C (1 , , papers relating to the consort of Jan3es„„ete , t ilt , 3 eventful period in which her husband reli•ere'i had never before seen the light since they W O ° CO °' Among these new documents are up,-afar od e- b0 6 . 01/1 0 hundred original autograph letters of the, her prising her confidential correspondence wi : J . l , pis' T i. P, friends in the Convent of Challiot, to wia ° t" eS I o peatedly retreated in the days of her ,rioe,re ill volume, we repeat, is one of the most int er f ly e i " o ft,j interesting series. No words can suffi ele 't fe e ' ro"' the sense which every intelligent reader 10, 5 115 be research and labour which Miss Strickland: on her work.- Observer. f a if BIRTHS. , d v 0 , On the 3d inst., at Stonehouse, D ev on, the 13 ' T. M. C. Symons, R.N., of a daughter. 0 f 16/3 On the 3d inst., the lady of Dr. Ridg e, square, of a son. of u e On the 3d inst., at Harrow-park, the lady 10/ Harris, Esq., of a son. y of On the 3d inst., in Eaton-square, the I s a 6 General Caulfeild, C. 8., of a daughter. Tr Are O tif $. On the 4th inst., at Dover, the wife of G. iv of a son. wife 'O 4 On the 4th inst , at Sydenliam, Kent, th e Gilbert, Esq., of a daughter. go' On the 4th inst., at Avon, n ear Ringwoe- , dir• Dent, of a son. wife Of r On the sth inst., in Cambridge-sq uare , the tl ej Entwisle, Esq., of a son.. MARRIED. On the 2d inst., at Stoke Damerel, Devol'OrtE' to f James Cruttwell, Esq., of the Inner Temple , , T ,, ./ Anne, eldest daughter of Captain Sanders, P'" 4 , 0 1 ;01 tir Damerel . On the 3d inst., aforesaid at Holy Trinity church, Brornl2ti°P° Farmer, Esq., of the Post-office, Edinburgh, to A l Elizabeth Rutlidge, of Pelham-road, Brompton. DIED t l' On the 4th inst., at North-street, Wesan -ast „ e p Hammond, aged 59. f On the 3d inst., Christopher Willis, EA. , e° LA On the 4th inst., at the Ambassadors' 6,1)f James's Palace, Catherine Amelie Moret.,, o f s oo On the 4th inst , Lucy, eldest daug hter to Riddle, of I3lackfriars-ro a d. Lola 0' On the 4th inst., at the Vicarage, Wes; d 78. eying, the Rev. Robert Cla r ke Caswell, LL.B. , al ie n Pse. " On the sth lust., at Norwood, Surrey, A otrori ce, r e v. On the 4th inst., at Clapham, W. o f the ' On the sth inst., Ralph, Second son 01; llapleton, Rector of Christchurch, Sorel . of 1 4( 0 );,;&, - i,onclon: Printed and Published by IHIT.-r. st rou , Dloa Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No• S r on of the Savoy, in the County el IbLidd l°4° temper 7, 1846. I 1