The Sun. — London, England, 1852-10-28 00:00:00

AMERIC A. A summary of the following, received by electric 2t;;graph, appeared in our second edition of yesterday.] LivaarooL, OCT. 27.—8 y the United States' FtPam-ship Atlantic, West commander, we have ad viees from New York to the 16th inst. The steam-ship Illinois arrived at New York on the OM with the California mails of the 16th of September, 1,626,322 dols. in gold dust on freight, and about 400,000 dols. in the hands of passengers. The G Aden Gate left San Francisco on the 16th for New York, with 1,988,837 dols. in gold dust on freight. The Illinois reports that the health of Aspinwall and the Isthmus was greatly improved. The roads were in good order, and passengers leaving Panama in the morning arrived at Aspinwall on the evening If the same day. The steam•ship Sierra Nevada, arrived at New York from Aspinwall and Jamaica, was detained at the latter place upwards of forty hours by the most violent storm that had visited the island for many years. The steam-ship Star of the West had arrived at New York with a small amount in specie, and ad vices from San Juan, Nicaragua, to the 6th inst. The mail steam-ship Trent left San Juan on the 2d for Navy Bay. San Juan was very healthy, and the weather fine. The river was in good navigable con dition, and the transit across the Isthmus was con ducted without the slightest delay. The Pennsylvania election for members of Con gress had resulted, so far as was known, in favour of the Democratic party. In Columbia, Carbon, and Northumberland, the Democrats were in a majority. In Chester aad Dauphi n the Whigs had the advan tage ; leaving a majority, however, on the whole of the counties of 473 votes. In the election of State officials, the Democrats appear to maintain the ad vantage. In Florida and Ohio a similar state of par ties existed. General Scott was still engaged in his Presidential canvass, but his addresses do not possess any features of interest. The Herald gives the fol lowing return:— " Pennsylvania.—State officers, and a gain of two members of Congress ; 14,000 to 16,000 majority. • •' Ohio.—State officers, and a gain in Congress ; popu lar majority from 5,000 to 10,000. "Indiana.—Almost a clean sweep. Democratic Go vernor Wright re-elected by a very large majority. " Maryland.—A democratic mayor elected over a very popular Whig in Baltimore by the extraordinary ma jority of more than 3,000. The Japan squadron was to comprise the following vessels :—The Vermont, 100 guns ; the steamer Sus quehannah, 9; the Mississippi, 10 ; the Princeton, 10 ; the Macedonian (razee), 30 ; the Plymouth, 20 ; the Falmouth, 20 ; the Saratoga, 20. " From this list," remarks the Herald, "it will be seen that, as far as metal is concerned, the expedition will be truly formidable. It is not, of course, contem plated to use force towards Japan, unless her conduct should be of inch a nature as to demand it. But, al though Commodore Perry will proceed to that country with the most peaceable intentions, it must be remem bered that we have already serious complaints to make, which call for immediate redress. By a barbarous policy of Japan, our seamen who may chance to be wrecked upon her coasts are instantly seized, put in cages, and kept in a state of the most wretched imprisonment for an indefinite period. Such treatment would not for a mo ment be submitted to from any civilized nation. Who can doubt that, were England or France to imprison American citizens who might be shipwrecked on their coasts, ample satisfaction would be demanded and enforced? And the fact that Japan is in this respect a barbarous nation forms no more exemption in her behalf than the natives of the South Sea Islands san claim, who seize, roast, and eat our sailors, because they like the savoury viand. But, inasmuch as Japan is comparatively a weak country, our Government, not withstanding the enormities which Japan has practised, and is daily practising, towards our citizens, desires to have them stopped in a peaceable and friendly manner. It'wit will therefore be Commodore Perry's duty to en deavour to effect an arrangement by which these abuses will be put an end to, and also, if possible, to open a friendly commerctal intercourse with them. In order to effect this, a sufficient force must be placed at his com mand to carry with it that respect which semi-barbarous nations always pay to power, where, without it, eloquence would be thrown away." The same journal, referring to the United States' expedition for the reconnaisance and survey of the China and Japan seas, Behring's Straits, kc., says : "An expedition left England recently for the purpose of making further researches in the South Seas. Ac cording to the descriptioa given, nothing seems to have been omitted in making every department perfect. As the United States are embarking in a similar scientific Texearch is another quarter of the globe, we feel that Justice to our officers demands that they should be placed on an equal footing with their European rivals. We look for important results trom this ex pedition. Coal, wood, and other naval and commer cial items should be sought for, good ports of refuge in the adjacent Wends should be marked out, and the in tricacies and dangers of a sea now unknown should be laid down. Ere many years the commerce of the United States will fill the whole Pacific Ocean, and our hardy sailors will be able to thread the innumerable islets and channels with as much ease as they now do our own coast, if the scientific expedition now under weigh pro perly fulfils the mission it is charged with." The Net, York Morning Express alludes to the activity prevailing in tha Naval dockyards : " Oar special correspondent telegraphs us from Wash ington, that there is great activity in the Navy Depart ment, and that almost every vessel capable of being put in commission will, as early as practicable, be put to sea. The Japan expedition will get away in November, and Commodore la'Aulay will remain in the Pacific until all things are made quiet there. Intelligence has reached Washington that a large number of vessels, chartered for loading with guano at the Lobos Islands, and now on their way there, are in:danger:of being seized or arrested in a business which has hitherto been re garded as legitimate and regular." " Indignation" meetings to discuss the affairs of Cuba and the treatment of United States' vessels had been numerous. They were most of them charac terized by great disorder. It would be a waste of apace to quote the ravings of the adventurers, who chiefly addressed the assembled mobs. Two of the engineers of the United States' mail steamship Franklin, Rhodes and Woodhull, were under examination at New York on a charge of causing the death of a stoker named Fortune. Our advices from San Francisco, California, are to the 16th of September. The mining news is very brief. Little was doing, owing to the scarcity of water. The crops were very abundant, and in vari ous parts of the country flour-mills were being erected. The health of San Francisco continued good, but at Sacramento the cholera was very virulent. In some of the mining districts sickness was very prevalent. Murders and robberies were more than usually rife. Our advices from Kingston, Jamaica, come down to the sth inst. The smallpox had :subsided. Rain had fallen all over the island, and the weather was 4001. The House of Assembly was to meet about the Ist of next month. A number of persons were preparing to emigrate to Australia. Sugar, dark 18s., and good to fine 20s. to 23,. per 100 lb. Caven dish tobacco was very dull, and leaf scarcely more active. The Morning Journal of Kingston says that the Coolies on the northern part of the island had abandoned the estates on which they were employed. The Panama Herald, speaking of the Lobos Is lands says : _ "On the 10th of September, the ship Manlius, from New York, arrived at the islands for the purpose of pro curing guano. She anchored in a fo g , soon cleared away, and was then discovered which, however, the Pe ruvian war steamer Rimao. General Deustue, y Com mander-General of Marine , mounting that stesimer,a once summoned the captain on board, and showed vesselste decrees of the Peruvian Government , forbiddin g of all nations touching at said islands, eitherfor the purpose of sealing or loading guano. The captain re plied that he understood he was prosecuting a legiti mate commercial enterprise; stating, at the same time, that it was not his intention to infringe any of the laws or regulations of Peru; that he had been misled, as he was then fully aware, and would immediately get under weigh, and quit the islands, requesting at the same time 4 ,, o re y eornmendation from the Commander - General to the government's agents at Lima for a chartorparty on se coue return home orn the said Government, so as to be enabled to ewith a cargo of guano, either from that or arty of the Government's willingly deposits. The Commander - General • • W ngly granted his request, without, how ever, taking upon e nhimself any positive compromise, and leaving the e ment or it s agents.n ” tirely at the option of the Govern - The reporteddlil discovery of gold mines at a small port north of and had excited great interest at Callao and Lima, ca avessel was fitting up for the conveyance of passengers to the spot. Large quan tities of quartz had been found, but go ld was scarce . In the New York stock market there w as a g ood demand for Government. and State stocks, and prices w ere wall sustained. Railroad bonds were also in good demand. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. Arrived at New York—Radius, from Havre ; W. D. Sewall. from Liverp ool ; Abbot Devereux, J. Darling, prom Malaga ; Constantine, from Liverp oo l. Arrived at Philadelphia—City of M anc h estr .. a, screw ...-amer, from Liverpool. Arrived at San Francisco—Tuskar, from Cardiff ; Portland, from Liverpool ; Pividal, from Bordeaux ; Cornelia, from Cardiff. The bark Emily, of London, sailed from Panama for San Francisco, on the 7th of March, and after being out 55 days, put into San Blag, with 19 of the p assen g ers dead. The passengers were then transferred to the Archibald Gracie, and they wore 65 days on the passage to San F ranc i sco, during which 18 more of the passen gers died. The sufferings endured by the unfortunate passengers are almost beyond description. For the last 13 days of the passage they were on an allowance of a pint of water per day, and totally without provisions. TAHITI, July 23.—Her Majesty's steamer Dido struck on a reef in entering the harbour, and carried away part of her false keel, &c. She was under orders to proceed direct to England for repair'. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY—OCT. 27. (Before Mr. Commissioner Fonblanque.) IN RE BENTLEY. The bankrupt, a cheesemorger, of applied for his certificate. His debts to unsecured cre ditors were 1,0141; those holding security, 2,0451.; assets, about 1,5001. 61r. Surgeon supported. There was Bo opposition. His Honour granted a second class certificate, observ ing that, but fur the accomodation bills, h© should have grunted one of the first class. IN RE HODGE. This was the certificate meeting in the case of W. Hedge, wholesale stationer, of Great Marlborough- Arent. The accounts commenced in January, 1850, with a deficiency of 7911., and closed in April last, with debts, 5,9921., and assets about 1,000/. The profits hnd been 4101.; bad debts, 1,0791.; losses on realising pro perty, 5661.; trade and domestic expenses, 2,8851. Mr. H. Linklater, for the assignees, offered no op- pwiticn. Hi e Honour said, the brankrupt could only have a certificate ()f the third class, after a suspension of six months, with protection, IN RE RMISEY. This was the certificate meeting in the case of W. S. Rumscy, druggist, of Upper Thames street. The ac counts showed a sum of 3,023 l due to creditors, with assets of COO/. Mr. Linklater opposed for a creditor, Mr. Rosa. The bankrupt, it appeared, had sold on commission for the opposing creditor, and had failed to pay over all the monies received on his account. His Honour said it was impossible but to observe that the bankrupt had traded very recklessly. In 1848 there was a large deficiency, and he ought to have known that from that time he could not go on and do justice to his creditors. His expenses had greatly ex ceeded the profits, but it was quite clear that the business could not be canied on to any great extent in any other way. So far there was some little justifica tion for the bankrupt. Trammelled as the bankrupt was by the agreement made with Mr. Ross, which agreement was an exceedingly hard bargain, it might have been foreseen that, travelling throughout the United Kingdom with no allowance for current ex penses, the result would have been as it had. The deficiency had commenced at an early period, and it did not appear that Mr. Ross had made much objection to the course that had been pursued by the bankrupt in this respect. He could not but consider that the con tinual submission of Mr. Ross had amounted to a sanc tion of the bankrupt's conduct. At a meeting of creditors, who had consented to a very easy composi tion of 53. in the pound, Mr. Ross did not tell them that the bankrupt had acted dishonestly ; and, believing that the transaction with Mr. Ross had not assumed the feature of fraud, the bankrupt would receive a third-class certificate, after six months' suspension, with protection. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.—Oct, 27. OLD COURT. (Before Lord Chief Baron Pollock.) MANSLAUGHTER. John Lewis, 22, was indicted for the wilful murder of Richard Stanuett by stabbing him with a knife. The prisoner by a coroner's inquisition was charged with the offence of manslaughter only. Mr. Bodkin, counsel for the prosecution, in opening the case, said that although the grand jury had thought fit to find a bill for murder against the prisoner, he felt bound to admit that it appeared to him that the evidence would not support the charge, but that the offence, committed by the prisoner amounted, in point of fact, to the crime of manslaughter only. He was afraid, how ever, that it would be made to appear very clearly that the prisoner, in a moment of excitement and passion, had caused Ike death of a fellow-workman by stabbing him : and although ho had undoubtedly received a good deal of provocation before he committed the act, yet that would not in law be a sufficient juatifieation ; and it appeared to him that the jury would have no alter native in th© performance of their duty but to find the prisoner guilty of the minor offence of manslaughter. The following witnesses were then examined:— Joseph Rawbone deposed that he was a shoemaker, and lived with his brother at Old Brentford. The de ceased Richard Spannett was an apprentice to his bro ther, and the prisoner was also in hie service, and they all three were in the habit of working together in the same shop. They were so engaged on the 16th Oct., and during the day there had been a good deal of " larking " going on between them, and the deceased went in a playful manner towards the prisoner and laid hold of him. The prisoner was in a very great passion at his doing this, and said that if he did .not leave him alone he would stick a knife in him. There was a knife which he used in his work lying on his seat, and the prisoner snatched it up, and witness laid hold of his hand and said he would not loose it unless he promised to put the knife down. The deceased upon this loosed his hold of him, and witness let go his hand; and Stan nett, as he left go of the prisoner, struck him on the face, and the instant the blow was given the prisoner stabbed him in the belly with the knife, and he stag gered back, exclaiming " You have done it at last." Upon being cross-examined, the witness admitted that the " larking" he had referred to, principally consisted in worrying the prisoner, and it appeared that all sorts of tricks, such as placing cobbler's wax on his seat, smack ing his face, &c., had been practised upon him. He also admitted that the prisoner had repeatedly complained to his brother of the manner in which he was annoyed and inzulted by the deceased. Charles Blake, a police constable, deposed that ho took the prisoner into custody, and upon telling him that he was charged with stabbing Stannett, he asked if he had hart him much, and when he informed him that he was stabbed in the belly, and that it was a very serious charge, he said ho was very sorry for what ho tied done, but they had aggravated him to do it. He also said that the knife was by his side, and that he took it up in the first instance merely to frighten them and prevent them from annoying him. Mr. Buckland, the house surgeon at St. George's Hos pital, proved that the deceased was brought to that establishment, and that he was found to have received a very severe wound in the abdomen, and that he died on the following morning from the consequence of that injury. Mr. Ballantine, in addressing the jury for the priso ner, urged that there was no evidence whatever to sustain the charge of wilful murder, and said it was clear that the unfortunate prisoner had no intention in the first in dance to do mischief to the deceased or any other per son, but that he had been goaded to commit the act by the insults that were practised upon him, and the actual violence committed upon his person at the time by the deceased. Several highly respectable witnesses, among whom was Mr. Bozntrd, the vestry clerk of St. James's, Westmin ster, by which parish the prisoner had been apprenticed, were called to speak to his character, and they all con curred i❑ describing him as being a particularly inoffen sive, harmless lad. his conduct in other respects also appeared to have been most exemplary, and he had re ceived a good conduct medal from the parish autho rities. The learned judge having summed up, the jury found the prisoner guilty of manslaughter, but at the same time strongly recommended him to mercy, on account of his previous good character, and the great provocation he had rcceived. Sentence was postponed. CANNON TIIE SWEEP. James Cannon, 31, sweep, was indicted for the capital offence of feloniously inflicting upon Michael Dwyer certain bodily injuries dangerous to life, with intent to murder him. The prisoner is the man whose name has been so fre quently recently before the public, and whose brutality on so many occasions appears to have rendered him the terror of Vie neighbourhood where he resided. He was tried on Tuesday at the Surrey sessions, and sentenced to two years' hard labour for a violent assault arising out of the same transaction, and was removed to the gaol of Newgate by habeas to take his trial on the pre sent chat ge. Mr. BAkin and Mr. Clerk conducted the prosecution. [he prisoner was undefended. Mr. Bodkin, in his address to the jury, said that the case now before them was one which would erdinsrily have been presented in the form of an aggravated misde meanor, but there wore some circumstances connected with the present transaction which appeared to have jus efied the commissioners of police, by whom the prosecu ion was instituted, in preferring a charge of felony Against the prisoner for having committed a most despe rate and violent assault upon one of their officers, with the intent to murder him. The case had created a good deal of public interest, and had occasioned some remarks in the public journals; and if the jury had read those remarks, he trusted they would dismiss them from their minds, and not allow them ie any way to prejudice the prisoner, hut decide the case solely upon the evidence that would be laid before them in support of the charge. The learned counsel then proceeded to direct the atten tion of the jury to the statute upon which the indict ment was framed, and said that if they should be of opi nion, from the conduct and declarations of the prisoner at the time of the occurrence, and from the dreadful in juries he inflicted, that he really intended to murder the conatable, it would be their duty to find him guilty; but, if that intent was not made out to their satisfaction, he explained to thorn that by a recent alteration in the law they would have no alternative but to acquit him alto gether. Michael Dwyer, the prosecutor, who still appeared to be suffering dreadfully from the injuries he had received, being unable to stand or walk without assistance, de posed that he was a police-constable of the P division, and on the evening of the 13t of September, he was on duty at the Camberwell police-station, when he received information that there was a disturbance at a public house called the Bricklayers' Arms, and he proceeded there to put an end to it. On his arrival at the place, he found the prisoner standing outside the public-house, and about a 150 people round him. The prisoner ap peared to have received a hurt on his head, and was bleeding, his clothes were bloody, and witness asked him to accompany him to a doctor and have his wound dressed. The prisoner at first seemed willing to do so, and walked with him a short distance quietly, and he then suddenly stopped, stooped down, seized witness by his legs, and threw him down upon his back with great violence, and the moment he was on the ground the pri soner jumped three times upon his cheat and stomach. He then thr ew hi mself down upon him and put his hand inside his stock, and would be chocked him if the stock had not broken. While he was doing this the prisoner exclaimed, " You --- Witness struggled as well as he rll wasdo foarbley,ouanndogwo.; on the top of the prisoner, and laid hold of his hands, and when he did so, the prisoner attempted to bite him. He held the priso - aer as long be could, and he then got up, and witness also. The prisoner stepped back and put his arms in a fighting positicn, and when witness raised hie hands to protect his head the prisoner stooped down and run at him, fend " butted" him to the ground with his head. While he was upon the ground the prisoner ran up to him end kicked him, at the same time exclaiming, " You I'll do for you now." He was injured in such a dreadful manner by the last attack of the prisoner that it was some moments before he recovered, and the priso ner leaned over him, and en his getting on his legs the prieoner again "butted" him down in the same manner, and he then attempted to kick him again in the sto mach, and said, " You --, I'll give you another downer, and you'll never rise again." After a short time he re covered a little, and got up and drew his truncheon, and ho then heard some one in the crowd say, " Well done, Cannon, give it the --," and the prisoner then tried to get his truncheon away from him, Some other constables had by this time come up, and one of them, named Thorne, was knocked down by the prisoner. He was at length secured, but it required the exertions of ix constables and three private persons, to convey him Let the station-house. Witness was then taken to Mr. &lower, the surgeon of the division, and he remained in bed for three weeks, and was still under his care. None of the persons in the crowd rendered him assist :met) while the prisoner was ill-using him, although he Asked them to do so. . The prosecutor, in answer to questions put by the prisoner, denied that he first accosted him and told him to go on. He also denied having c tused the wound on his head by striking him with his truncheon, and said he knew nothing about the way in which the wound was received. By Mr. Bodkin—He had been on duty at the station hou3e, all the afternoon, and did nut go out until he re ceived information of the disturbance. The Chief amen to the prosecutor—You mean to say that you were not near the place at all at the time men tioned by the prisoner ? Prosecutor—Certainly, my lord. Mr. C. Stevens, the landlord of the Bricklayer' Arms, deposed that, in consequence of the disturbance that was going on outside his house, he sent to the police station for assistance. There was a great crowd of persons, and the prisoner was among them, and when he asked him to move on he immediately struck at him, but missed him. He had a wound on his head at this time. John Collins, a printer, living in the neighbourhood, deposed that he was present at the time of the occurrence The prisoner had a wound on his head before the con stable came up, and he was very violent, and no one dared to pass him on the pavement. He saw the prose cutor go up to him and advise him to go to a doctor and have his wound dressed, and ho at first appeared to be inclined to do so. but when he had gone a few yards he threw the constable down and jumped upon him. The witness then confirmed the evidence of the prosecutor with regard to the subsequent conduct of the prisoner. The prisoner, in an impudent tone, asserted that this witness was drunk at the time, and that he did not see anything that occurred. In answer to a question put by Mr. Bodkin, however, the witness declared that he was quite sober, and that he had not drunk anything during the day likely to make him intoxicated. Joseph Thorne, the constable referred to by the pro secutor in his evidence, was examined, and he confirmed his testimony with regard to the conduct of the prisoner after his arrival. Mr. J. S. Flower, the police surgeon, deposed that upon seeing the prosecutor after the occurrence, he found him in a very faint and exhausted condition, and ho com plained of very great difficulty in breathing, and also of great pain in his abdomen and other parts of his per son. There were very extensive bruises on several parts of his body, and he spat and vomited blood at the time, and had continued to do so, more or less ever since. There were indications of his having received some severe internal injury. The injuries he had received occasioned very great constitutional disturbance, and for ten days witness considered his life was in imminent danger. He was still under witness's care, and he did not believe he would ever again be fit for his duty. The prosecutor was about 26, and before this occurrence was as fine and hearty a young min as could be seen. This was the case for the prosecution. The Chief Baron asked the prisoner whether he wished to say anythine , in answer to the charge? The prisoner replied in a sullen tone, that he had nothing to say. He did not know that he was coming there to be tried. He thought he had already been tried " in the case," and was sentenced to two years' imprison ment. Mr. Bodkin said he thought it right, in consequence of what the prisoner had said, to state that the prisoner had been tried for the assault on the other constable, Thorne. The Chief Baron said they had nothing to do with that case on the present occasion, and he again asked the prisoner whether he wished to say anything to the jury in answer to the present charge? The prisoner, sullenly—l have nothing to say. His Lordship then summed up the case. He stated to the jury that the prisoner was indicted under a statute which made it a capital felony for a person to cause bo dily injury to another by any means with intent to mur der him, and, therefore, ho said, every person convicted under the statute would be liable to suffer death; and the case was consequently one which demanded their most serious consideration. The section under which the in dictment was framed was very short. and it was to the effect that if any person should administer poison to an other, or stab or wound such person, or by any other means whatever inflict upon another bodily injury dan gerous to life with intent to commit murder, such person should be deemed guilty of felony, and the question the jury would have to consider in the present case was whe ther the evidence established against the prisoner any of the acts contemplated by the section of the Act of Parlia ment to which he had referred. This was certainly the first time in his experience that an indictment had been framed upon this statute where no weapon had been made use of ; but at the same time it was perfectly clear that a person of great bodily strength was quite compe• tent to do such injury to another, as would bring him within the scope of one portion of the section. It was his duty to tell them that if the constable had died from the injuries he received, the act of the prisoner would have amounted to murder, and it appeared to him that the two questions the jury would have to decide were, first, had the prisoner made use of the bodily strength which he appeared to possess to cause injuries to the prosecutor dangerous to life, and secondly, and which was certainly the most difficult of the two to decide, had he at the time he inflisted these injuries the intention to kill him. They must be perfectly satisfied upon both these points, and particularly upon the latter before they could convict the prisoner upon the present charge, and ' if the intent was not proved to their satisfaction they ' must acquit the prisoner altogether. The jury having deliberated a short time, turned round and expressed a wish to know whether the pre. v ioue conviction of the prisoner referred to the present charge. Tee Chief Baron said he had already stated that they had nothing whatever to do with that conviction. The fact had been introduced by the prisoner into the pre sent inquiry very improperly, and the jury ought to dis miss it altogether from their minds. Tney then again deliberated for a short time, when they gave a verdict finding the prisoner Guilty of the capital charge. The Chief Baron postponed passing sentence, and the prisoner, who seemed quite astounded at the verdict, was then removed from the bar. NEW COURT. (Before the Recorder.) BIGAMY. John Ware, 81 , painter, was indicted for feloniously marrying Jane Edwards, his wife being then and now alive. The evidence proved that the prisoner married his first wife in 1845, bat she being a profligate character, left her, and married in 1847 the second woman, who carried on the business of a dressmaker, and had the lease of the house she lived in. After they had been together about one year, he commenced ill-treating her, caused her to sell the lease of her house, the proceeds of which he squandered away in gambling, and finally, after a series of ill usage, kicked her out of the house at 12 o'clock at night. In ans wer to the Court, the second wife said that she sold the lease of her house for 201., which he got from her. lie never provided her with any money, and she had, by her own hard work, to supp)rt the house—he squandering away all the money ho got in betting and oilier gambling. The jury found him Guilty. The Recorder said there were some circumstances in the case of a mitigatory character, a s f ar as t h e fi rst wife was concerned, but his conduct to the second was very bad. He was sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment and hard labour. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 2a, 1852. EMBEZZLEXENT. Cliv.les Dawes, 27, clerk, pleaded guilty to a charge of embezzling two orders for the sums of 8/. and 101 17s. 63., the property of Ambrose John Roth,i his master. The Recorder ordered him to be imprisoned and kept to hard lard labour for twelve calendar months. STREET ROBBERY. Caroline Arnold, 34, widow, was convicted of stealing two bank notes for 101., and monies from the person of Samuel Sterne. Tho case was this. Prosecutor had been stopped by prisoner on Tower-hill, and she having robbed him, a man came up and assaulted prosecutor, but police coming up she was secured and the man escaped. The Recorder, in passing sentence, said that he wished it to bs publicly known, that if any men acting as bullies to the class of women to which the prisoner belonged were convicted before him, he should inflict the heaviest penalty the law allowed. There was scarcely a worse class of offence. Ile should not visit this prisoner with the full power allowed him, but transport her for seven years. THIRD COURT. (Before the Common Sergeant ) Edmund Hasher, 19, tailor; Win. Churchill, 21, tailor; and George Langley, 20, labourer, were indicted for bur glariously breaking into the poor-house of St. Panora), and stealing a quantity of clothing, the property of the directors of the poor of that parish. Mr. Metcalfe prosecuted, and stated the following case to the Jury :—Early on tee morning of the Ist of Octo ber, some of the police on duty near the St. Pancras Workhouse saw Langley coming along the told with a large bundle, and he was s h ort l y a f terwar d s j o i ne d by the prisoner Hacker, to whom he gave the bunale. The first officer waited till another constable came up, and Flasher was seized on the spot, but the other two bolted. Langley, after a smart run, was taken on the spot, but Churchill was not taken until the next day. Hasker, w h en stized by the police, took from his pockot a large flint, with which he inflicted a serious wound on the officer's forehead. When searched, he was found to have three pairs of trousers on. It was directly found that the property belonged to the workhov ae, and that the tailor's shop of the workhonse had bee a broken into, and the things taken from there and the sk,orehouse. All the prisoners had bee❑ inmates but a short time before, and Haskar had worked in the tailor's shop. The jury convicted Churchill and Li.ngloy, Haskar pleading guilty. Langley was again indicted with .tames Smith for a burglary in the dwelling-house of Frederick Reeve. They both pleaded guilty. Mr. Sleigh prosecuted, and said that in this esso the prosecutor's house, 27, Pembroke Cottages, Caledonian road, had been entered, and a quantity of clothing stolen ; the police, however, caught the two prisoners before they could get away with their booty, and after much struggling and ill-usage to the officers they were secured, and Langley was identified as having been the one that escaped the previous night. Smith, Hasher, and Churchill were then sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment and hard labour in the Home of Correction, and Langley having been before convicted, was transported for seven years. 511DDLESEX SESSIONS—Oct. 27. (BeFore Mr. Ssrgeant Adams, Assistant-Judge, at Clerkenwell.) The Court sat to-day to hear bail oases. ---- William Carter, William Lenny, and John Collins core indicted, charged with having assaulted John Reeve and Stephen Sylvester, metropolitan police con stables, whilst in the execution of their duty. From the evidence, it turned out that Carter and Lenny, with some others, were making a disturbance at a public-house in Norton-folgate, about three o'clo c k o n the morning of the 19th of this month. Reeve was called in by the landlord to clear the house, and, after this was effected, Carter and Lenny got up a fight out side. Reeve interfered to separate them, but Lenny swor e he would net be conquered by the police, and struck him on the head with a pewter pot wnich he had in his hand, and which blow stunned him. He struck him again, but Reeve caught hold of Lenny, and, whilst Carter was attempting to pull him st a e n d d twe v b e s ryv e io n them lenty. thesyylaypepsrteer ah then we nadd y io S o Cy k lav L ret e set n re n r y wc a i h n mo t into r e tie u sp s i tody, and at this time Collins came up and knocked Sylvester down by a blow in the face, and kicked him. Ile caught at Sylvester's hat aid handkerchief, which were ou the ground, and ran away into his house. lie followed and cap:ured him on the landing, but Collins tripped him up, and they fell down stairs together, but he afterward s go t hi m to the station house. The defendant s had been drinking. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty. The learned judge thought it but right to notice the straitfor ward manner in the which the police had given their evidence, without any attempt at exaggeration. When the police acted improperly, they were censured; and it was only justice to give duo praise when they did right. He then sentenced Lenny to six, Collin .to four, and Carter to one month's imprisonment, with hard labour. Some cases, of no public interest, were disposed of, and the court adjourned. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. 111A NSION-HOUSE.—Alfi.ed Hurst, aged 13 years was brought before Alderman Lawrence, charged with haring stolen a pair of boots from a shop in Bishopsgate street. The prisoner, who has been frequently imprisoned for theft, was dressed like an errand boy, and wore an apron, which was tightly tucked round his waist, but could in an instant be let down, and be used as a bag or cover for property of large bulk. An officer said—l saw the prisoner, as I was going along, look earnestly through the window of the shop, and having had him in custody for stealing boots before, I had no doubt of his intention. In a moment he slipped into the shop, and was out again with the boots, which he was just going to deposit in his apron when I appro. hended him, and then he threw down the property. Alderman Liwrence—you have had occasion to appre hend him before? Officer—l caught him before in the act of stealing boots from the next bootmaker's to that where I appre hended him last night. He has been summarily con victed three times for theft. He has been whipped twice, and he has been once tried at the Old Bailey, and been sentenced to be imprisoned for three months. The prisoner —No: I have been whipped but once, and sentenced summarily only twice. Alderman Lawrence—Have you father or mother? Prisoner—Yes, both. They live in Spitalfields. Officer—l could not find them. The boy cannot tell truth. The moment he gets loose from prison he begins to steal. not Alderman Lawrence (t o the boy)—Why do yon live with your father and mother? They won't have yon, I suppose? Prisoner—lt's not that ; but I live in Brick-lane. Alderman Lawrence—With whom? Prisoner—l am there lodging by myself in one of the lodging-houses. I get my living by jobbing about. Alderman Lowrance—Neither whipping or imprison ment seems to have any effect upon you, but I must try them both again. You must go to Bridewdll for 21 days, and bo there soundly whipped. BOW STREET. —John Ford, a man of decent ap pearance, was brought before Mr. Henry, charged with obtaining money by means of a forged order for the Adelphi Theatre. A lad named White stated that last night he met and purchased from the defendant at a public-house, for eighteenpence, the " order" produced. Wit ness o b ta i ne d admission on presenting the order at the Adelphi Theatre, but was immediately removed on the order being discovered to be a forgery. I t was ~i gned , 'Nugent." The defendant said he had the order as a present from Mr. Palmer; and Mr. John Palmer, who attended for the purpose, said he had been presented with the order by his friend, Mr. Mitchell. Mr. E. Mitchell, of 4, Wilson -street, G ray ' s -i nn - roa d, pi cture -f ra me maker, said that a small' deformed man, who represented himself as a reporter for the news papers, and privileged to grant orders for the theatres, met him about a week or I fortnight since at a public house, and gave him the ticket in question, with another dated Oct. 20, for the Mechanics' Institution. The per son calling himself "Nugent" gave away the orders, and only partook of some gin and water. Police-constable 62 F said that th e s y s t em h a d b een carried on for the last eighteen months, but th e p o li ce were as yet without success. The Treasurer of the Adelphi attended, and stated that the order was not genuine, and no person named 1 . Nugent" was authorized to grant orders for the Adel phi; but a gentleman of that name was connected with one of the theatres, who, of purse, could have known nothing of the use made of his name, if that were what was intended. _ _ Mr. Henry said it appeared that the defendant and the witnesses came by the orders innocently. The de• fondant should return the is. 6d. to the complainant (who ought to have known that the "order" was not genuine), and bo discharged. The police would endea vour to trace out the really guilty party, who would then be punished; the witnesses would of course give the police every assistance in their power, particularly the witness Mitchell, who personally know him. Mr. Mitchell said he would give the party into cus tody when he saw him. The defendant was then dis charged. THEATRE ROYAL, PLYMOUTH. Mark Lemon's drama of " Sea and Land " has been produced hero in past week witla signal success. The scenery, painted by Mr. J. Roberts, displayed a highly creditable amount of artistic skill, and was exceedingly admired. The piece was well put upon the stage, and the parts efficiently filled. Wild Meg is undoubtedly the best character in the piece, and in the care of Ma dame Leolercq it was most cleverly executed. The au thor has painted wild and uneducated nature in all its simplicity beautifully, and the audience experienced the pleasure of having it rendered in its true spirit by Ma dame Leulercq, who sustained this very difficult part with consummate ability. Her acting throughout was most exquisitely natural, and those who have no rale,- iectiou or this accomplished lady but as a very graceful and clever dancer, would be astonished, us well as delighted, at witnessing her truly admirable persona tion of Wild Meg. Mr. Crouch was well played by Mr. J. W. Ray, and Tom Potts by Mr. G. Smythson, in his own peculiarly funny style, which drew down repeated laughter. Ned Bradley was truthfully g i ven by Mr. Elsboe Shaw, and Mr. Mites found a good use for his originality in rendering the character of the eccentric Mr. Poppy. Throughout the week, " One Thousand Young Milliners for the Gold Diggings " was the concluding piece, and despite, or perhaps in conse quence of, its exaggerations, kept the house in continu ous roars of laughter. The second Concert of the series to be given at this Theatre during the forthcoming winter season,itook place on Friday night, when the house was fully attended by a highly respectable audience. The appearance or Madame Weiss, Mr. H. Weiss, and Mr. Travers, from the principal London Theatres, whose vocal abilities are so well known as to need no encomiums was hailed with evident satisfaction, and their charming and clever exe cution of the various selections in the programme, re ceived unb oun d e d and well-merited approbation. Mrs. Henry Reed presided at the piano-forte, and performed Souvenir d'L Capuletti and Fantaise Don Pasquale with great brilliancy, both of which difficult compositions were rapturously applauded. The instrumental performers did justice to the selections assigned to them, and much credit is due to Mr. H. Reed (the conductor), for his exertions in producing such good musical effect. The elegant Music Hall was brilliantly lighted up and taste fully arranged, and its gay and refreshing appearance conduced materially to the enjoyment of the entertain ment. We hope that Mr. Newcombe will find these concerts realize his expectations, as we feel confident that he spares no exertion in catering for the rational amusement of the public. THE EARLDOM OF WINTOUN.—On Wednesday last, the Rev. 'William Seaton, minister in the Methodist New Cinneetion, died at Rochdale, aged 56 years. He was the last male descendant in a direct line from George fifth Earl of Wintoun, whose titles, honours, and estates were forfeited for his share i❑ the Scottish Rebellion, in 1715. The Earl was taken prisoner at Preston on No vember 14th, 1715, tried and sentenced to be executed, but found means to escape from the Tower in London, August 4th, 1716, and fled to Rome, where he died De cember 19th, 1749, aged upwards of 70 years. CRIME IN FRANCE. The Aloniteur publishes a report on the adminis tration of criminal justice in France, addressed to the Prince President by the Minister of Justice, together with a mass of criminal statistics. But instead of being confined as heretofore to a recapitulation of the crimes and offences committed in a particular year, these documents are so drawn up as to represent the results of an entire quarter of a century. The follow ing are the most striking features of this publication : —The number of proces verbaux, and complaints of ad kinds, addressed to the prosecutors, averaged 141,181 annually in the period from 1826 to 1830 ; bat it increased to 225,982 a year in the period from 1846 to 1850; and in these totals offences against the forest, customs, and excise laws, and those of whet are called the simple police, are not included. It is, how ever, to be remarked that no prosecutions took place co one-half at least of the clmpluini - s made to the public prosecutors; a great portion of them being un founded, or the authors of them being unknown. The number of crimes against the person has in creased—from 1826 to 1830, the Courts of Assizes were called on to try annually 1,354 such cases ; whereas from 1846 to 1850 they had to try 1,778. Oa the other hand, the crimes against property bad declined—from 1826 to 1830, they averaged 4,022 a year, whereas from 1843 to 1850 they only averaged 3,381 a year. Amongst the crimes against persons, those which present the most striking increase are criminal assaults on female adults and children, espe cially on the latter. Thus, for example, such crimes an children were only 136 annually from 1826 to 1830; whereas they rose to 420 from 1846 to 1850. [he diminution in the crimes against property is not, it appears, owing to any improvement in mo rality, but to the fact that they are accompanied with less violence and more cunning than formerly, which causes them to b 3 treated us " offences " instead of " crimes ;" and also to the fact that of late years the examining magistrates have made a rule of not ad mitting aggravating circumstances so readily as they used to do. Whilst then the " crimes " of robbery tried by the Courts of Assizes have fallen from 3,456 annually from 1826 to 1830, to 2,463 from 1846 to 1850, the " offences " of robbery submitted to the Correctional Tribunals have risen from 9,871 in 1826, to 24,332 in 1850. In other descriptions of crime there has been an increase instead of a diminution ; this is especially the case in forgery, coining, fraudu lent bankruptcy, arson, and extortion of signatures. In addition to the increase of the cases of robberies submitted to the Correctional Tribunals, there has been an increase in the offences of embezzlement, windling, and others. As regards mendicity, the annual number of such offences was 752 from 1826 to 1830, whereas it rose to 6,963 from 1846 to 1850. The number of offences of vagabondage has risen in the same periods from 2,544 to 6,089; of rebellion, outrages, &c., against public functionaries from 3,344 to 8,655 ; of sundry offences against morality from 497 to 1,267 ; and in all other sorts of offences there is also an increase. The following facts also appear from the returns:—Of the number of accused tried for crime by the Courts of Assize only one-sixth are females ; for offences tried by the Tribunals one-fifth. Criminals aged less than 21, generally attack pro perty ; aged more than 21, and especially aged more than 50, they attack the person ; the proportion of unmarried men guilty of crimes against property is 58 in 100; in crimes against the person they form only 52 in 100; and of robberies taken separately 64 in 100. It further appears that the inhabitants of the country districts form about three-fifths of the total number of accused, and the inhabitants of towns two-fifths. But in crimes against the person, the country people form seven-tenths of such totals, whereas in crimes against property they only count for six-tenths. As to the degree of instruction of the accused, it appears that the number of accused completely unlettered has declined 10 per cent. ; and that in crimes against the person they figure in the proportion of 555 in the 1,000, and in crimes against property, 562 in the 1,000. From 1826 to 1830, out of 100 accused there were on the av e r age 39 acqu i tte d , and of the 61 convicted, 37 were con d emned to what are called " peines afilictives et infawantes," and 24 to correc tional penalties ; from 1841 to 1845 the average number of acquittals w as 34 per h undred, and of the 66 convicted 27 were s en t ence d to " peines afflictives et infamentes," and 39 to correctional penalties ; from 1846 to 1850, out of 100 accused 37 were acquitted, and of the 63 convicted, 26 were condemned to the former, 37 to the latter penalties. The decline in the latter period is owing to decrees in the provisional government having changed the majority of the jury required to pronounce a conviction. Taking the whole 25 years together, the proportion per 100 is 37 acquitted, 28 condemned to " peines afflictives et infamantes," and 35 to correctional penalties. Before the correctional tribunals the number of acquittals on prosecutions instituted by the public prosecutors has declined from 271 per 1,000, from 1826 to 1830, to 146 per 1,000, from 1846 to 1850. But, on the other hand, punishments have been made less severe by the frequent admission of extenuating circum stances, and imprisonment in many cases has been re placed by fine. It appears, finally, from the returns and the report, that persons accused of crimes against c property c a r r i e m e p s uni s against e d no the ir esever el y p ers o n;th a t h t a m n o t r hos ei e s n d uc h. gence is shown to women than to men, and to old men than to men in the prime of life ; whilst crimi nals possessed of some education are treated more severely than those without any. POSTAL ARRANGEMENTS 11 1 1TH PERU. By a Treasury warrant, dated Whitehall, 13th Oat., 1852, it is directed that from and after the Ist of Dec. next, the rate of postage for the conveyance of any letter betweon any part of the United Kingdom and any port in Peru, or any foreign country through Peru direct, or vid Panama, if the conveyance be by British packet. boat, shall be 29., if by private ship Is. 6d. Between the British West Indies and any port in Peru, or between the Islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe and any port in Peru, without passing through the United Kingdom, Is. 4d. Between one port in Peru and another port in Peru, or between a port in Peru and any other port on the western coact of America, Gd. Between any port in Peru and any foreign port (the Islands of Marti nique, Guadeloupe, ports on the western coast of New Granada, and ports in the Republic of the Equator, Chili, and Bolivia excepted), direct or via Panama, 2s. And on every letter not exceeding half-an-ounce weight, posted in or addressed to any port of Peru, transmitted by post between Peru and any of her Majesty's co lonies, or any foreign country, through the United Kingdom, or between any foreign country, through Peru, and any of her Majesty's coloni es , or any foreign country through the United Kingdom conveyed betweon the United Kingdom and Peru, direct or via Panama, 2s. if' conveyed by paoket - boat, and Is. 6d. if by private ship; and also such additional postage as shall from time to time be chargeable fir British postage on letters posted or delivered at any port of the United Kingdom of the departure or arrival of the packet or ship con veying the same and transmitted direct between such port and such colony or foreign country. If such letter exceed half-an-ounce, and do not exceed an ounce in weight, two rates of postage ; if exceeding one ounce, and not exceeding two, four rates of postage ; if exceed ing two ounces and not exceeding three, six rates of postage ; exceeding three and not exceeding four, eight rates of postage ; and for every ounce above four ounces two additional rates, every fraction to be charged as an additional ounce British newspapers. and publications allowed as newspapers, posted in the United Kingdom, addressed to Peru direct or via Panama, by packet boat, free ; by private ship, Id. each. Spanish newspapers posted in Peru, addressed to the United Kingdom, the same rate. Spanish newspaper.] from Peru to any Bri tish colony, not passing tnrough the United Kingdom, the same rate. By British packet-boat from one port in Peru to another in Peru, free. Newspapers published and posted in any of her Majesty's colonies may be sent thence to any port in Peru (without passing through the United Kingdom), by packet-boat free, by private ship Id. each. Spanish newspapers published and posted in Peru to any foreign port, by British picket- boat 2d each. Each paper to be sent without a cover, or in a cover open at the ends, and to have no writing or printed com munication upon it, except the address, or it will be chaiged at the rate of letter postage. THE NATIONAL LAND SCHEME.—The official in vestigation into the affairs of this company as regards the Gloucester and Worcester estates, called Snigg's End and Lowbands, has just been brought to a conclusion at Staunton, after a vory lengthened inquiry. The com pany was dissolved in 1850, and a winding-up order was obtained, which was carried out by Mr. Rox burgh, barrister, as assessor, Mr. Goodchap. official . ;were the and Messrs. Tucker, solicitors, who were the commissioners delegated by the master under powers given by the statute 15 and 16 Vie., cap, 129. It ap peared from the evidence that the Lowlands estate of 160 acres cost 8,5601., and the Snigg's End, of 268 acres, cost 11.9001., including a charge of 5,8001. left on the estate. Upon these estates are located 49 persons, having a cottage and two acres of land each, 21 per sons having a cottage and three acres, and 57 a cot taa e and four acres, giving a total of 127 persons aad 389 acres. The two estates have now the appearance of wall-arranged colonies. The cottages cost about 1251. each, and have every convenience on a small scale for homesteads. The occupants or allottees had been living nearly five years rent free, and had received advances from the company for cultivation. The laud was origi nally of a very inferior quality, but has been greatly improved by the labour expended upon it. The yearly rent fixed for the allotments was 11/. 8s for the two-acre parcels, 14/. 12s for three acres, and 17/ 183 fcr four acres on the Snigg's End, and 101. 48, 121. 6s, and 151 8s respectively on the Lowbands. In consequence of the ene:gy and industry which had been exercised in bring ing the land into proper cultivation, the assessor de cided upon remiting two years of the back rents, and to allow the sum claimed for improvements to be set off against the residue of the back rents. The al lotte2s readily acceeded to this decision. The question of future rents, subject to which the allottees will ob tain a conveyance, was postponed for further valuations, and the inquiry stands adjourned. IMIMMI NEW ROUTE FROM NEW YORK TO T.triE PACIFIC. The following letter, Totaisintla, Mexico, Aug. '20," appears in a recent number in New York Herald:— Possibly, from the date of this letter, you may wish to know where I am, and before proceeding for,her it would be as well to state that Tetalsintla is on the .Mes cals river, a strea m w hi c h ta k es i ts r i se i n t h e territory of Flaxcala, north of Puebla ; thence flowing south for 150 miles, it turns to the west, and for 550 miles runs on that course till it empties into ;he Paciflo Ocean at Zacatula, 310 miles north or west of Acapulco. Total sintla is 100 miles north of Acanulco, and 150 miles south of the city of Mexico, and 1,e:o the road between these two cities crosses the Mescala, river. "Last winter you made some kind of a prediction that by this river, the shortest, cheapest, and most ex p3ditious route to California would ho found, and the distauce rinds: from New York to 5 . 3% Francisco in 15 days. Well, your prediction is likely to b 3 realized, and taut speedily. Now I will tell you how I come to be ere. You are aware of the grant made to Colonel Ramsay for the exc'usiva navieseion of the Muscula river from its mouth at Z teatala to the boundary line of the Sia'e of Puebla, 450 miles above. The company is Ne w York with whom Colonel Ramsay is connected have determined to make a careful survey of this river, to find out how far it is navigable, and for what kind of steamboats. For that purpose a party have been sent out to make a careful exploration of the river, and see whether the grant to Colonel Ramsey is worth improv ing. Consequently, that gentleman, along with Capt. Reynolds, art Flushing; Mr. Femur/a, of New York; Capt. Holtainger, of the Mexican Navy; and myself - , with several servants, are now here on that work. Our boats—metallic life-boats, built by Francis, in New York —oar instruments, stores; &c., were permitted to enter the port of Vera Cruz, free of duty. The Govern ment further offered to assist in any other way possible. The Governor of Puebla proposed to have the boats, &c., transported from the city of Puebla to the boundary flue at his own expense, and he gave us letters to the Prefects along our route, by which we were furnished with every kind of assistance needed. From the city of Puebla we drove south, down through one of the most beautiful and rich valleys in the world, in a high state of cultivation, with its haciendas of corn, cattle, sugar, and cotton. The road is excellent at all seasons for stages, winding down with a slight grade, so that at 14 leagues from Puebla we were in the hot country. At this dis tance our road turned abruptly to the west, which brought the snow mountain of Popocatapel which is 2,000 feet higher than Mont Blanc) to the north of us, instead of to the west, as it had been the day before. Still driving down the valley for 14 more leagues, the road continuing to be excellent throughout, we came within five leagues of the State line. For all this dis tance the country is thickly inhabited; and some of the haciendas, or plantations, are valued at from 500,000 dols. to 800,000 dols. Wherever we stopped at any of these we were handsomely entertained. " We were now fivo leagues from the point on the river where Ramsay's grant commences; and, as there was no carriage road, although one could easily be made, the boats had to be transported on the shoulders of na tives, who were ordered to this work by the Prefect. No less than 140 men were thus employed at 18e. per day, the price fixed by the Alcalde. In two days we had oar boats in the water, and we made our starting point from Mesquitelan, which is the first village in the State Guerrero, on the river-bank. We had expected to meet with many impediments for some leagues, in the shape of rocks, rapids, and shoal water, for, although this is the rainy season, the weather has proved to be very dry, and the river only two feet above low water-mark, We shoved off from the shore at Mmuitelan with all our party on board, and Captain Pacheco, who was ordered up the river to join us, as commissioner on the part of the State of Guerrero. The people turned out in full force to see us off, and to cheer us on our voyage. Our course for four leagues, lay to the south, and then westerly between high and precipitous, well-wooded mountains, some of them nearly 1,000 feet high. Their sides were covered with a dense forest, in which were noticed in great abundance Brazil and Nicarauag wood, mahogany, and many other dye or choice trees. The river was about 100 yards wide, seven feet deep, with a three-knot current. The rapids and rocks spoken of so frequently were but trifling impediments to steam-boat navigation. We came about eight leagues the first day, where 500 dolls. will remove all obstacles in a week. You may form some estimate how careful was our sur vey when it took 18 pages of writing to record the observations made. "We put to shore at the village of Slal-co-so-titlan, where we spent the night. The next day we arrived here, making 50 miles in the two days. About one league below the village mentioned, the river Atanango °ricers from the north, and is as large as the Muscula. All map makers have made the mistake of marking the Atanango for the Muscula, and above the mouth of the Atanango they have made the Muscula flow to the south and east instead of to the west and south. Disturnell's map of Mexico, of 1815. is the only correctly printed map of the course of the Muscula or Zacatula. " We have already passed what are called all the bad places in the river, except one, a few leagues further down, whicle I am informed is not worse than those above. We are now fully satisfied that this river is navigable for steamboats at all stages of water for 450 miles. This will bring us within 100 miles of Puebla, and 170 more to Vera Cruz ; all excellent stage road, which can be driven over in 36 hours ; so that you may calculate as follows:—six days from New York to Vera Cruz in steamer, 36 hours across land to the Muscula river, 48 hours down to the mouth of the river ; and five days thence to San Francisco—being less than 15 days from New York to San Francisco. " The river Muscala is the largest and longest river exclusively in the republic of Mexico. The port of Zacatula, at its mouth, is the oldest port on the Pacific Ocean, being the place where Cortez built his first ships on that sea, as is mentioned by all authors, including Prescott, in his history of the conq ues t. A mong t h e old archives a record is made of the fact that Cortez transported iron, cordage, and other articles from Vera Cruz to the head waters of the Muscala, and floated them down the river, so as to equip the first fleet built on the Pacific at the port of Zacatula. " The hero Morelos, in the wars of independence, improved on this information, and brought up on rafts his artillery t Mesquitelan, near which village he was captured. "The survey made by order of the State of Puebla in the dry season in 1850, reports 31 feet of water in the channel from Mesquitelan to the Atanango river, and 4} feet thence for 15 leagues, then 6 feet, then 20 feet, then 40 feet, and, for the last 100 miles, 60 feet of water in the channel. A beautiful bay exists near the mouth, and Humboldt, in his work on New Spain, frequently notices the port of Zacatula. Yet, with all this, the im pression has prevailed that the river was not navigable, first originating in the fact that it is not adapted to sail ing vessels, without reflecting that it might be so for steamboats. In the second place, the river has never been properly laid down on the charts, and all informa tion of the courses, distances, depths, and currents was confined to the simple natives on the banks, who only knew it from village to village, and wherever it ran between high mountains it was said to contain falls. Again, the elevation of Puebla above the sea is known to be 7,000 feet, and many intelligent persons imagined that in 700 miles, by the course of the river, that descent could not be over come, without knowing the fact that within the first 100 miles immediately below Puebla the descent is more than 3,000 feet. Tbo elevation of Mesquitelan above. the sea is only 2,000 feet, and in the village of Muscula, ten miles below the place where I am now writing, Humboldt found the elevation to be less than 1,600 feet, Here is a river which has its mouth on the Pacific Ocean, directly west from Vera Cruz, and navigable for more than half the distance from port to port, and lying directly in the course, diminishing the distance by one half from New Orleans to California, and the expense , in the same proportion, unknown to geographers, impro perly laid down on charts, its mouth 100 miles east of Acapulco on the maps, instead of 300 miles west, watering a valley for 500 miles which it was not known to enter, until New York enterprise and capital solved the question and the diffiuulty. A grant of the river navigation was quietly obtained, the company set about carrying out the enterprise, publications in the papers sparingly made, as you well know, and this survey or dered without attracting any public attention." A NEW PENAL BILL.—The Irish morning organ of the Roman Catholic party has " reason to believe " that Lord Derby's Government contemplate the into duction of a new penal bill against the Catholic clergy as soon as ParHainaut shall assemble. The Freeman further adds, that the supposed object of this contem plated " invasion of religious liberty (the " religious liberty" enjoyed by the Madiais I) is the imposition of some peculiar restraint upon the freedom of the clergy in their capacity of citizens. While deAting the ulti mate ability of the Ministry to carry such a measure as is here foreshadowed, the organ thinks it not improbable that, for the sake of exciting the sectarian passion in England, "on which Lord Derby knows well how to trade," a pr poition of the sort described may be initi ated as soon as Parliament meets. All these speculations indicate manifest trepidation in the Roman camp. Many of the most violent and bigoted among the Roman Ca tholic laity have, it is well known, shrunk from the lengths to which the priests went to secure the return of their nominees at the late general election. MORE GOLD. —The Atlantic has brought in from New York specie to the value of 382,000 dollars, or atiout 76,4001 The amount of gold brought in by the Lima from Melbourne is stated at 34,813 ounces, worth 1 39,2001. The John Oldham has also arrived from A de. lai le, with the small quantity of about 500 ounces of gold on board, This vess,.l left the e,ileay on the 13th May. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —THE ROYAL EXHIBITION.-1 valuable, newly-invented, very small. powerful waistcoat pocket glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known miles distant ; they answer every purpose on the Race-course, at the Opera-houses; country scenery and ships are clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles; they are in valuable for shooting, deer stalking, , yachting, to Sports men,Gentlemen, Gamekeepers , and Tourists.—Te be h a d at 39, Albemarle-street, Picca dill y , observe, o pposite the York-hotel. Telescopes — A new and e x m t r o a s o t importantrdin in vention in Telescopes , possessing such that some, 31 ; inches, with_ an extra eye p iece , will show distinctly, Jupiter's Moons, Saturn'i! Ring, an d the Double Stars. With the same Telescope, weighing on l y t h ree ounces, can be seen a person's countenance 3 miles distant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They supersede every other kind for the waistcoat pocket, and are of larger and aft sizes, with increasing powers accordingly. Opera and Race course glasses, with wonderful powers; an object can be clearly seen from 14 to 16 miles distant. Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians, have invented invaluable preserving Sp e ctacle Lenses; immediately they are pl ace d b e f ore imper. feet vision, every object appears clear and di s ti nct; the most aged defective sight becomes bright and brilliant, is brought to its youthful, natural, and original state. The Invisible Or ganic Vibrator, and all kinds of Acoustic instruments for relief of extreme deafness.-39, Albermarle-street, Piccadilly. Ob. serve , opposite the York Hotel. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. THE GREAT NORTHERN RA ( Miles in work, 285 Return of Traffic for the Week ending Oct. 17, 1852:-- Passengers, parcels, carriages, horses, dogs, and mails ... £6,727 411 Merchandise and minerals ... 7,198 15 g Cattle 493 1 8 Total .. £14,419 2 1 Corresponding week, 18.51 (241 k miles) : Passengers, parcels, &c. £5,503 14 11 Merchandise, Cattle, &c 5,444 2 4 Total ... .. ....£11,247 17 8 0, CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY,..IYaniC tar ' a week ending Oct. 24: RAILWAY. Passengers, parcels, &c. Goods ... ... £2,487 7 6 - 852 17 0 Total STEAM-BOATS. ... £3,340 4 6 Passengers ... £3Ol 3 5 Passengers, parcels, &c. Goods ... ... ... • ..£3,641 10 11 ▪ 852 17 0 Total ... k. 3,641 711 Corresponding week last year ... 3,128 0 5 LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY.— (260 ML — open.)—Traffic for week ending Oct. 21...£17,171 19 1 Corresponding week in last year (260 miles open) .. 10 2 GLASGOW AND SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.—TraniC rof the week ending Oct. 23, 18i2:— Passengers (26,334), goods and parcels, horses and carriages.. .C 4,843 I 3 1 Corresponding week in last year 4,055 4 6 CORK AND BANDON RAILWAY.—(2O miles open)-1 10 ‘ u of Traffic for the week ending Oct. 23, 1852: - Passengers, parcels, &c. . £lOB 19 8 Merchandise, cattle ,&c.... 47 19 4 Total ... ... £156 10 Corresponding week in 1851 (10 miles open) : Passengers, parcels, &c. ... 34 0 3 Merchandise, cattle, &c.... 7 9 Total .. ... .4:34 8 0 COUNTRY MARKETS EDINBURGH MEAL MARKIT, OCT. 2G.—There Were . DI the meal market to-day 5 sacks oatmeal, each weigho l g 2801bs. imperial, which sold at 295. EDINBURaH RAT AND STRAW MARKET, OCT. 26 0 " d Oat straw, from 6s Od to 9s Od per kemple of 16 stones Wig, wheat ditto, 5s Od t o 6 s Od ; b ar l ey d i tto, 4s Od to 51; Od; Hay, from 7d to 9d per stone. DALinciTH, Om 21.—The relative weight per four butal la of the three p r i ces o f w h eat wore 18st 121 b, l Bst 31b, an d 10i 61b. Oats, 13st 01b, 1 Ist 91b, and lOst 81b. Barley, 16st 3 11 ' , 15st 51b, and li s t 51b. P eas an d b eans, 03st 01b, ONt 011 '' and OOst Olbs. Qrs. Best. Current. Inferior. 318 Wheat ... ...... £2 8 0 £2 3 6 jel 15 0 648 Oats `,: 823 Barley Peas and Beans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 v Average of wheat l2 is Hid. DALKEITH MILL MARKET, OCT. 25. —There were i ll the market to-day 76 bags of oatmeal, 2 bags of barleymea: and 2 bags pot-barley; sa l es d u ll. O atmea l on the top down 6d per bag, second the same as last week, and the lowest quality is per bag down; top' price of barleymeal the same as last market; pot-barley is Gd per bag above the ratee of last market. Oatmeal, per sack, of 280 lbs. First Second Thu d ' imperial .. ... ... 28s Od 265 9d 21s m u' Barleymeal, per ditto ... 20s Od —s Od "--13 O d Peasemeal ... ... ... —s Od —8 Od -- 9 mu" Flour ... ... ... ... —s Od —a Od - -3 r,A Potbarley ... ... ... 2iis 6(.1 —s Od ....4 v" COAL IYEARKE' :T.—YESTERDAY. the close of the market :•••• _, Haswell__ lBB 9 ° Keepier Grange Lambton P ensher 173 0 0 Plummer Richmond 175 °, Russell's Iletton Scarborough l7s Od Sttwart's Whitwell Cassop Kelloe South Kelloe l7s 7Ti Thornley Backhouse l 7B " 'Pease's West l4s 9j Tees ..... ... 5 d Woodhouse C105e...... 1 68 co DerwentwaterHartley 1 55 '' IFothergill Aberdare o j Steam 2 05 Nixon's Merthyr and 0 1 Cardiff ...... 2111 Prices of Coal per ton at Bate's West Hartley 15s 6cli 13uddle's W. Hartley 16s Od Jonassohns Hartley l4s 6d Newton Main North Percy Hartley lss 6d Pelton Main Ravensworth'sW. Hart 15s 9d Itedhough Main Stewart's Hartley 'Canfield Moor Fanfold Moor Butes l4s Od Wylam ...... Wall's End, &c. Brown Gosforth Harton Hebburn Heaton Hotspur it's 9d Johnson Eden Main Belmont l7s 6d Braddyll Holton Ships at market, 137.... -Sold, 86 rnsold, 51. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, Ocr. 27. STOCK ExcHANalt.—The share market continues n and good for all stocks currently dealt in. We have 4, buyers for the new account, which begins to-morrow. , following are the committee's authorized quotations ." --13irl°311, head, Lancashi re , an d Ch eshire (late Chester and Birkfinhea d i 217( 3 ; Caledonian, 27% ; Eastern C ounties, 12 5-16; ' 5 Lancashire, 19 1 4 5 4; Great North ern , 205. ; Lancss bh„ da and Yorkshire, 87k; ditto, Fifth shares, 13 1 4 dis. ; ~ Northern (late Leeds and Thirsk), 163 • L o ndoa North Western, 120; ditto, Fifth shares, 34 1 p. ; Manolles Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, 32%; Midland, 78 ; castle and Carlisle, Quarter shares, 45; North British, North Staffordshire, 4 9-16 ; South Eastern and Dover, 20, /, voik and North Midl an d, 26% ; Q ue b ec an d Kiehl:O lL "' prem. MANCHESTER, Ocr. 27. ex tent STOCK EXCHANGE.—There has been a moderate , 0 , of business at rather higher prices. Birkenhead, Lancashire' Cheshire Junction, 6 1 / 2 dis.; Caledonian, 26% • E ss 'h e ire Counties, 12 3-16ths; East Lancashire, 19 W, ; L'ancoP3, . and Yorkshire, 87%; London and North Western, 119 ,i: Midlands, 77 ; North Staffordshire, 41 dis. ; StAtli Etis"" ri 24. The market closes firm. BIRMINGHAff, Ocr. 27. STOCK EXCHANGI.—This market was steady to-day'Llici• the prices of shares looked fi rmer . Sh re wsbury and I' mingham Preference stock was done at 11%. LEEDS, OCT. 27. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The business done this morning „, been chiefly on speculation for the a ccoun t m iddl e o f Nov. 3 ,!', bar. Midlands were closed at 78; Caledonians at North British at 9 ; South Ea s t ern and Dovers, 24/.30. Leeds Northerns, 16 3 4 ; ditto, Extensions, LA dis. SEABORNE MAILS. [N signifies that the mails are sent from the General rost-0 0 by the night—and It by the morning —dispatch.] , When made up in From what NO OO neolgB. General Post-c le { port die- due. ILondon: patched. America (by Brit. pkt.)N Oct 29 .. , Liverpool .• 1 America (by U.S. pkt.) N Nov. 2 .. • • {Liverpool . • Am l i America (by U.S. pkt.) N Nov. 9 .. Southampt. Nov Australia (via South- p 24 ampton) M 20th of each rr onth I South am pt, Nov. Ditto (via Marseilles) N 24th of month {Dover .. Nov " *Ditto, via C.of G.llopeN 2d of December 'Plymouth.. Nov. 30 Africa (West coast).. N 23d of the month { Plymouth Alexandria* • 17,19th & 30th of me.' Dover .. Oct. 29 Belgium .. NiDaily 'Dover .. Daily 1 6 Brazil Mj9th of the month {Southampt, Nov. 6 Buenos Ayres .. M{9th of the month Sonth am pt, Nov. {: California(viaChagres)Ml2d & 17th of month Itioutharnpt, Nov 1 tCapo of Good hope Nll4th of the month Plymouth., Oct. Cape do Verde 151114th of the month Plymouth.. Oct. 2 „'„ Constantinople* .. •• /417th 17th 27th at m° Dov er .„ Oct. f" Central America Channel Inles .. I+l,Mon., Wed., &Fri. Southampt, Tu. 'Al' Chili Ml2d & 17th of math ,Southampt. Nov France .. M &WlTwice daily .. Dover .. Tviri e ; Greece* .• .N;7th 17th27th of mo Dover .. Nov. st• fl amburgh N Tuesday & Friday L on d on .. Diefi:brri I Rolland MI Wednes. & Satur. London .• Still' - 16 honduras . N 17th of the mouth Southampt. 5° ,: e a5,1 1 7 Ireland .. & NlTwice daily .. Holyhead.. Tw „.. India (via Southamp.) M 20th of the month Southampt. Nov 1 India (via Marseil le s) N{Sth& 24th efmontb Dover .. Nov 26 India, via C. of G. hope N 14th of month Plymouth.. Nov 2 6 Mauritius .. N 14th of month Plymouth.. Nov Mediterranean (via 2 4 Southampton) •• M 120th of the month Sonthampt. Nov Mediterranean (via Nov Marseilles) N Sth& 24th ofmontt Dover •• -, 01 0 ' Mexico .. Id of the month.. Sonthampt. Ist e 316 Madeira .. Al 9th & 23d of mutt Southampt. Nov M a l ts.* • 7th,l7th 19th,27th N & 30th Of month Dover Oct. 29 Naples* N sth 15th 25th ofmo Dover ..Nov' g Papal States* sth 15th 25th ef mo Dover Nov. ' Peninsula .. M 7th 17th 27th ef mojSoutha m pt, Nov. ; Peru .. M2d & 17th of ninth J Southampt. 2 Tuscany* .. N sth 15th 25th °fru& Dover .. ,Nov. West Indies .. M2d & 17th of mnth Southa m pt. Nor' 1 Van Die,neif's Land (see Australia). LIP * The mails for Australia via the Cape of Good Hope are 111f on the second of every alternate month. Those made “ "l 0 sre 20th and 24th of each month via Southampton and Marseilles yea sent by sailing vessels at present from Singapore, but nest they will be sent in steamers. r f Mails are also made up on the 2d of every alternate nacaltll f 0 the Caps of Good Hope. * The mails to those countries thus marked (*) aro convefed French packot to Marseilles. BIRTHS. OF A SON. On the 25th inst., at 9, St. Peter's-square ffamlners— the lady of Sir C. S. Kirkpatrick Bart. On the 26th inst., at 33, Albemarle -street, the wlfe N. Welheame, Esq. 011 A DAllCianux oar or-. On the 26th inst., Mrs. A. Bradbury, of IVIA n Streatham. f O P On the 26th i ns t., at 54, Campden-square, the ITife o W. Squire. _....--"*. MARRIED. std On the 26th inst ,at St.George's,llanover-aquare ,i ' . “ . ' to sixth son of P. C. Davenport, Esq., of Egham, Surrey Jane Far row , only daughter of the late G. H. Lawren ce ' of New Winds9r, Berks. 3 - , Sor t On the 26th iutt., at Trinity Church, Islington , ~t er Esq., of Cloudesley-square, to Elizabeth, fourth datig" J. Grabham, Esq., M D., of Lonsdale-square. On the 26th in s t , a t 8 , Church -buildings, DIED. Clab ani r - „, r ste cmnmon, J. W. Nelson, Esq., o f th e Middle-temple) u°Pri at la, aged 27 00 . On w the 26th inst., William R aw lins, Esq., of 13:IP011 Or terrace, Islington, aged 80. SO W° ' On the 26th inst , Mrs. Sowton, wife of gr. Great James-street, Bedford-row. b Oil lel‘ On the 25th inst., H. Dawkins, Es of Encf2T - e. gate, Kent, and of Over Norton, Oxford, aged ziv• —,....•—', J--- -- 7: Ai - - - — rolJ ll- ' London: Printed and P u bli she d b y 11,1IIRDO - 11 No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun 01 : 6 e" c oppir Strand, in the Precinct of the Saroxr. Middlesex, Thursday, October 25,1552, ~~ >~