The Sun. — London, England, 1846-11-09 00:00:00

~,, ... ---...C.,./..........„..re5...r......................m. '.••••••••,,,6. 1 1l E L ORD MA I: 011'S DAY, • s ''' l ' 4l- 4) T- 1 -,. whole of the t•xterisivu arrrtogernen r ts eetlueeted wi di die inang ur,tion of Sir G.•hrt•-•''' 16111 K4 ight, vs cop Miyor, this day, were, v6 ( t. ‘ ll . a aewl unnor detatli, completed. ) uring the morning. her Majesty the Queen.Dowage . r visin-d the hall, and expressed her admiration of the pm. Parations made for the occasion. The banquet will vithoerthy of the well-known hospitality of the City, but i t b (jtie procession will be greatly shorn of its details, , eing Understood that neither the Butcher's Compan), to whicil Ur. Alderman Challis belong., nor the Car member C ompany, Company of which Mr. Sheriff Kennard is ember, will attend- The following is the authorised programme of the Procession --- The banners , C 7 B belOng e Polic Constableo clear the way. C; BOSS tO the s t Royal Marine Society, with . The City Marshal's men. 03 Six Poli ce C onstables i The Beadle of the Worshipful Company of g, U Spectacle Makers. el 11 Pater rnen The Barge Master. . - , bearing the following Banners . e . . ci 1. The Royal Standard.. t. , eti 2. The Banner (f St. George. ..., P. 3. Th e U n i on. P er ~ ~ 4. The Arms of th e Ci ty of London. ~,. ~ 5. The Arms of Felix Rogers, Esq. t°' 6. The A rms of John Lainson, Esq. 7. The Arms of John Sivewright, Esq.. q 8. Th e Arms of R. B. Bah., Esq.a t-• = 9 . The A rms of Janes Harm er , E sq . It ~. 10. T he Arms o f R ichard Gude, Esq. • . The Anna of the Renter Warden, Sir James Duke, 12, Th e A Alderman and M.P. 13 . . r , Anne of the Rt. Hon. the late Lord Mayo!. The Arms of the Upper Warden, the Marquis of 14, T he A Downshir e . is. T he rm 9 of th e Master, William Clarkson, Esq. Ik Arms of th e Right lion. the Lo r d M ayor . The Arms of the Company's Chaplain, 17, .N. ,_ The Rev. Mr. Jennings M.A. The Arms of the Worshipful Company of Spectacle Th r, Makers. Ti, e iinlor UtY Marshal on horseback. The -- Clerk ef• the Company his Coun of -“e. in chariot. The Assistants in their carriages. „.. airdens in their carriages. - I btas er t d er in his carriage. TheTteortdaMr:naTeynOler'ens, Mayor's Beadle. Ttke Il b s ea rg ri entlaster in his state dress. The Cap Captain of Bannerthe of of the eth various colours. The Principal A' Lord Mayor. The WaterinsB Thames Navigation Barge. :tent Water Bailiffs. h, A g ra nd Mil witha colours. • Military Ba nd. • the two Undersheriffs. The The City S o li citor. City Remembrances. Comptroller. The two Sacondaries. The The four Com mon Pleaders. Judge of the Sheriffs' Court. ..._ The Town Cleik. Atcie The Com mon Sergeant. nt lieral The Chamb er l ain. ,d, babited in a tabard with the Arms of Eng l.' s prier,, tia n .1. and and kx4l uo,llebeek ' plumed . F 'er on horseback Trrtl:n horseback Kettle Drums. Guard arn on horseback u ipeter on horseback.. Trumpeter on horseback. s, Guard On ~ Trumpeter on horseback. la rd 13 ear Lrorinseback. Guard on horseback. his e Half Armour, bearing the Banner of Es . Knight. ,quire 4 re in Half Armour, bearing the Shield. , in Half Armour, bearing the Sword. mo unted oh , Ancient Knight, . At_ a charger, armed cap -a-pie, in suit of polished Armour ,„ steel, aad plumed. qt, - Horseback. ard Ha hors bark. o Armourer ard un o h n ur horseback. sub aek , TrumpeterT ro ' n B b h oc e r r s i ef l b al ic k e .n nard in his state carriage. Gua m Trumpete horTserbuamckp.eter on horseback. Ast„,,, onhorseback - " e rd Be arer, in. ron half armour, l?e u ar ar in d g on th h e or ß se a b n a n e e k r . of 44( 1 b.. ti1 . .. in h alf armo his Kni g ht. ur Esquire in half armour, l'en' ali ng the Shield ' luen of the G uar bearing the Sword. Yeomen of the Guard. Mount ed on a Ancient Kidititilapt,..a.pie, in a suit of Arraaareburni,bed brasg s e sLie n' t:rmour, and plumed. . Guard r eh hurseba k. Armourer on horseback. ard on 'wrath k e tlr. Sh e a. • T he Al derr o ,l Gua c r a d rr o i n ag h e o . rseback. Challis in his state The Alderize.who have not passed the chair. Recorder Tr ott n T w h to L h u a r y d e i% p l a u ss yu e r d . the chair. peter on The late Trumpeter on horseba k Trumpeter on %tar c •don is horseback. ot tterseback his Guard andard Bearer in half armour, bearing the Banner of Knight. wir e in half armour, bear- Esquire in h t tl e f s a we r d. r, bear- Iso ina ing the Shield. mg Yeoman of the It) G Ualarodf. the Ancient Knight. Gua rd. tint ed on a charger, armed cap-a-pie, in a suit of polished steel armour, and plumed. _ Aourer. G -41 on harmou orese rr. back. Guard o n horseback. Tlis , City Marshal's Man. its return from - L ady Mayoress, in her state n c o a n rriage, drawn by six procession „, 11°I. se.s, will join the Westminster. 4 tu 1111)1ter on horseback. k. Trumpeter on horseback. St 4 on horseba G m Trumpeter on horseba Guard on horseback. ck. 4444 rd heare r in half armour, bearing the Banner of his Knight. I:4quire inhalf-arm ur, bearing the Shield. . y t. . eotexto!ile nt half-armour, bearing the y S e s o v m ord an of the ko quar "i t . the Guard. n oted 04 a Ancient Knight. . tOlarger, armed cap-a-piesui t of burnished rurass scale armour, and plumed Armourer. poara Armour`b . ruin,,t Wseback. h o 1 , e • 04 rbevack. . Guard Trump e t er on T on ru h in o p rt , e e t b e a r c o k n . The Lo r d M horseback. ayor's servants in state hors eback. liveries. The band of `he Lif G a unted. GenllE' 1-TPPer Citye Ma e h u m rds mo horseback. tatren of the Lorlds Ma3 o-n or's household. 1,113, stilt:ice In Ts RIGIIT 11.01. q. Tlllt 1.01t13 MAYOR, AttentiN- hcaaprriage, drawn by six horses, . lain, , draw n Bearer, Common Crux', . Gu and the Water Bailiff- The procession w a TI °f honour on horseback. 1414 Pass thro e William-a gill l "ve from Guildhall at eleven o'c'oFic, Gres hfi rn-st reet Princes. street, King 113' water . William -street and Adelaide -place, to ' London Bridge, thence to gi , `.° 4 euttinster and will t from Westminster ._►acarriars B r i dge, , re urn 10",gat'-liill. and Ludgate-strers' Cheap ttl•ou churchyard, Bridge-street, lt,ltt,(l. King-street, to Guildhall. peal's - Will b".OheliNk, Bridge -street , the p rocession on its return kin' e J°l ned by the , i _h_TV!..5; Amb assador`, her Majesty's 1...,.5t(1s of State, t 4rilltbent a ' utio my, the Judges, the Members of en g , et , and other persons of distinction invited to the --............._ qt, A ,„ tt ,, '' 1 . An a , ir Pio IRON MARKET, OCT. 3; the lialt,,-'e 401ount of business has been done .dui ing We 9u —°llll', um! pi.; es hay , . giv,.n way aha e. 4 ind.°7683,. lo.r No. 3 c ; 695. to 70s. _fi:r . mixed number. , cho4,cies, ` s • for all number 1. Cash f.o.b.—Glasgow o i , pt,. Moll POTATOES._ Several importat:ons of th e °eB have taken Thee fro:n the Cont,inenDtadnuhiiiniz 4 % Past week• P erseverance, lei m . Ihttilkut a cargo comprisi„z 3 i tons weight; the Ml' treniaTti Matthew, 115 tons; th e Ypres, 50 ions—both 49 tons—the Wh Ole the same port• and the A 114,,e the p r oduce of Notmlndlyhi.on'Other arrivals abti pta_keeeo place from Holland, Norway, America, Wer4n • he ~ tltiderstand that Mr. George Russell Clerk will ; tovroposed at the next Court for the Presidde.ncysuaL Ivrj2:,b,"' Mr. George Russell Clerk went to In ha i s a a been miter 12 .1817. From the autum n of 1820 - Aft,,;,'''' In various politicat offices in tha h t e a co h u e n w tr a y s: lii weal,lPhiYMent for some years in Rnil3"," ' be a appointed Political Agent at Umbalia. In 1839 in 1840 th c , 1,1 sent ori a mission to Rualeet Singh,. t ( 11%'' I s "f the British Government, and with the AR,ltnce, were committed to his charge as and, in Political State plt e i,' ) . ll the north.west frontier. His ser l vi e ce . s in that De11:143 0 were considered of the utmost va f u r j _ e , g i , 1," Was rewarded by the appointment o tiZ.t of the north-west provinces. n NI I% LI return to Europe, but the _min o_ e ef his i Illnessutencsonmt:- htt.,:ere ttitil R most anxious to avail themselves g i tetielt,!iees 1 and, towards the close of 18 a 4 - 4, a a t a h h ey eil aP e i litlia, " 1 ! 11 to be ember of the Supreme C 't4.llvonce he now holds.— Times. by the Ikrritk;, I.li. --The brevet so long expected the iNt,e'. w ill, it is now understood, come out on the 9th which 1 41,, " Cte'rlitY), a dthe arrangement, of appear in iL wo:„ , _ in n will . of eq G a :' t we Sre formed, is an outline , 340. gum Atkgi, t e or to morrow the 10th :—The Marshal ; Sir i%3 Sl' Qen ' ' be Field-Mars 'l of th e rgo Netentriti of 1 819, to 0118rea__ :row ._ 4 G eneral of 1 813 . and senior Grosvenor,G p " o i ' lz ' i 19, similartoitlitila.r rankran, .G ; eneral i T. erals k • Lieutenant-Gen 4 \atoe ° arid some of lier rank, to be Generals. e_ ear enera R lt PI" thBf, entiti d t he e -..litlard, G f at a C mmander-in-C of Sir tv,lie, si p e _.. o'i ernor and 2 to promiltion in this . rank h. tecei;rieck kiltreettilktialket, K.C.B the Right Hon. to Geilrals of 1837 aro promo• Such prom ap. litiirinst'rtltteentehtneardt!li,ilzk tf3 -u;:sieuNtleania7;-General. 11 vacate various staff the e'tbrlltiod ' illeladie age' will Governorship of Jersey' of th e It , .0! th, an.s the hot ofr4rltlus, 8,e:1-western district, the command of i:weeddale, Sir 4 " 'as; sip e he Marquis. G ' overnor of Sind° , ttltoi, wa rd Bo harles Napier, :liver; Senior f rater ' Sir Frederick Trench, and Lord . cilot,etiblWili -01111 part of the batch promoted. rats 1,,‘',1,1,1'd those of 1 837 , will become Major-Gne ' l .' 4 .3 S -,,, i igii3bOase the list ill be a full one. Captains.. Pnr„d e Prornoted to the rank of Majors. It is tions at prl.R,llt Ohm there are upwards of 26 applies' office of I,TlOPeetr) "ere the Commander-in-Chief for the 443 di. !or the reeruiti district at Bristol, vacant by 4. us of Lord JohagS Some rset. Fri iiiittztyit:rtricloceeaTEitin'rulcrit Teo% LONDON Doc Ks•--... Was held before Mr. William. i t ,i i Z 4 , ;e 4l th t te 1n Tavern,oareaigees in Beer-street, W a p• it Edwards, aged thirty, tic itae t i: 'h hardyerop o4f Messrs Cubists, builders. For he new t ab ße r the deceasyed has 'been engaged on t Th)„',.'',arehouses , buildin in the London Dock... 4 15r,,, 81iitY niorninerrelast lie wgas assisting in hoisting ittld thee'°".iinti, when screw of the crane gave way, ferttinateoltinan fell with a tremendous crash upon the reap e d''lleeeased who was standing directly underneath. hetnov.4:Zedas tphoes:iable thedponldersoens, mass of stone was d whO was found to ‘.c 4 ite dead, Ver(elZt,as''" Arecceiadental death." bukt, Porters of the Eridg•eWater Trust, at the 14nkar8d13`)ek, have presented a very haedsome silver 'ear 4 h to Mr. J ames N. Coekshott, who, for man) tily rr , rtos beer: the cash-keeper there, on the occasion ❑h. tetdeir,al to the Old Quay Dock, where he has sue- A eoll ',i". Gftyton, n Ito has retired o , ting to ill health. day Zieo was given at the American Hotel, on Mon ") iviltn the men enjoyed 4 very Pleat evening THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE CONIMISSIOYERS APPOINTED TO INQUIRE INTO THE STATE OF EDUCATION IN W ALES. Committee of Council on.EdueatiGn, Connell Office, Whitehall, October 1, 1846. _ _ GUN COTTON. (From Galignani's Messenger.) ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, PARIS.—SIFTING OF NOV. 2. —Most of this day's sitting was occupied with commu nications on the recent discovery of the mode of ren dering cotton explosive. Our readers are aware that, since the first announcement of this discovery having been made by M. Schonbein, M. Otto, of Brunswick, and at least a dozen other persons, have declared that they have done the same thing, and some of them have even published the process by which they render cotton explosive. The truth is that there is nothing so very wonderful in the mere announcement of the discovery, for it has long been known to chymists that any ve getable matter would acquire explosive properties when treated by nitric acid, and a French chymist long ago announced that, by operating upon starch with nitric acid, he produced a fulminating power of great force. The wonder lay in the perfection to which M. Schonbeiu was said to have brought his preparation, the secret of which he still keeps to himself as regards the modes operandi. If we are to be lieve the statements that have been made by persons of high respectability, the explosive cotton of M Schon been is a perfect substitute for gunpowder, possessing, weight for weight, much more strength than that article, and, at the same time, being free from the many serious bjections which attend the manufacture of gunpowder. On the other hand, it does not appear that any of the specimens of other discoverers have given fully s n a l e t i a s n f a s c o t o f sordeess u ty l r t u s c ve t h a a t p i r s o p t e o r ty as say, t t h h e e o t a t r oll o b f Y M. Schonbein. Many charges of illiberality have been brought against that gentleman for not making his pro cess known, arid endeavouring to make a good specs3la don of it for his own interest, under the protection of patents. We do not join in this outcry. If M. Schonbein, who is reported, we know not how truly, to have dis posed of his patent right in England I r 40,0001., could make a million sterling of his different patents, we should not think him too highly rewarded, if it be true that his cotton is so much more powerful than that of his competitors, as his friends represent it to be. The man who invents the most rapid and the most effectual means of destruction, as regards war, is the greatest friend to the interests of humanity. Before gunpowder was invented war was a very favourite pas time of the rulers of nations, for it served to gratify their bad passions without presenting the chances of utter ruin to them. By risking a portion of the money de rived from the labour of their subjects, and sacrificing a few hundred lives, they were able to play at the game of ambition, and, having always the hope of success before them, they had a constant excitement to violence and outrage. Nor did the pastime cease with the invention of gunpowder. The scale on which it was carried on was greater ; but in a few years, when military tactics had been improved, and fire-arms had been made on swer principles, the game became too hot for the gamesters, and they were glad to retreat at length from the struggle of vain glory. The bow and arrow work of the ancients was nothing more than child's play to the fields of Austerlitz and' Waterloo, and when once a suspension of hostilities had taken place, Governments began to reflect that the game was too costly. Thirty years of peace have served to give birth to better ideas ; but there is every now and then an indication of a desire to involve nations in warfare. We are quite sure, however, that if any man could invent a means of de struction, by which two nations going to war with each other would see large armies destroyed and immense treasure wasted on both sides in a single campaign, they would both hesitate at entering upon another. We re peat, therefore, that in this sense the greatest destructor is the greatest philanthropist ; and, supposing what is said of M. Schonbein's invention to be all l fore coming to true, we think that all Governments will, in possible means h ii i a c t h tirby t il he strong as well as o s e l n y c e o e n s f t sio s n o tr f en a g d n i t ff h d: the comparatively weak must be such great losers. We must return, however, from this digression to the a tohf e t trial rieennoenewesi question before the Academy. M. Otto, of Brunswick, has stated that he has produced explosive cotton by im mersing it in very pure and strongly concentrated acid for half a minute, and then washing it thoroughly and drying it. This is a very simple process ; but we can assert from experiment that it does not produce a cot ton which could be used as a perfect substitute for gun powder. Explosive it certainly is, but by no means to the extent described in the account of' the experiments with the Schonbein cotton. Dr. Knopp, of Leipsic, states that he produces a very powerful article by the following process :—Take equal parts of English sul phuric ac id of commerce and strong nitric acid of com merce ; mix them in a porcelain vessel, and then plunge into the mixture as much cotton as the liquid will cover. Having done this, cover the vessel with a ground glass lid, so as to pre vent all evaporation, or the entrance of air. After having left this preparation in a state of repose for a few minutes, take out the cotton and wash it thoroughly, carefully separating the cotton, and using sufficient water to remove the whole of the acid. The cotton being I then pressed and dried in warm air, will be very ener getic. If this colt in be carefully prepared, and tho roughly washed and dried, it will have nearly the same appearance as it had before the operation. With 12 grains of this preparation, says Dr. Knopp, a musket, which would for an ordinary charge require 28 grains of gunpowder, sent a ball through two planks, one deal the other of oak, and each two inches in thickness. The distance from the mark at which the gun was fired is not stated, but we presume it was at the ordinary ball range. Dr. Bley, of Bernberg, announces that he has made ex periments with a view of replacing cotton by cheaper substances. He I repared shavings and sawdust in the same manner, and found them equally powerful. After these communications had been read to the Aca demy, M. Pelouze, one of the membev, made the follow ing observations. He said—" Although M. Schonbein has not published the nature or mode of preparation of his cotton, it is evident th a t th e p r operties which he assigns to it can only apply to xyloidire. M. Dtuntry as well as myself, made this remark on the origin of the first communications of M. Schonbein. Reasoning n the hypothesis that the poudre coton is nlthing else than xyloidine, I may be permitted to say a few words with respect to its history, and of some of its properties. Xyloidine was discovered in 1833 by M. Braconnet, of Nancy. He prepared it by dissolving starch and some other organic substances in nitric acid, and preci pitating these solutions in water. In a note insertei in the Comptes rendus de 1 'Academie des Sciences, in 1838, I showed that the xyloidine resulted from the union of the elements of the nitric acid with those of starch, and explained, by this composition, the excessive combusti bility of the substance produced. I ascertained—and this I think is a very important result in the history of the applications of xyloidine—that, instead of pre paring it by dissolvin g th e ce ll u l o se, it might be ob tained with infinitely greater facility and economy by simply impregnating with concentrated nitric acid, paper, cotton, and hemp, and that these organic matters thus treated took fire at 180 degrees, and burnt almost without residuum, and with excessive energy ; but I think it right to add, that I never for an instant had an idea of their use as a substitute for gunpowder. The merit of this application belongs entirely to M. Schonbein. Eight years ago, however, I prepared an inflammable paper by plunging it into concentrated nitric acid. After leaving it there for twenty minutes I washed it in a large quantity of water, and dried it in a gentle heat. I have recently tried this pap er in a pistol, and with about three grains pierced a plank two centimetres i n thickness (abo u t three-quarters of an inch) at a dis tance of twenty-five metres." After these observations, made by M. Pelouze, M.M. Piobert and Morin addressed the Academy. They stated that several experiments had been made by engineers of the artillery with explosive cotton, and that the result was not satis factory. It was found to leave behind a residuum of charcoal and water, and that it frequently escaped by the touchhole from the cannon without displacing the ball. They added, that cotton prepared with an equal mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid was the most powerful, as it exploded at a temperature of 75 degrees. Some even exploded spontaneously at 100. The conclusion appears to have been, however, that none of the preparations tried appear to be fit substitutes for gunpowder. We do not place implicit faith in this opinion. Sir Humphrey 'Davey, the greatest chymist of the day, said it was wild to suppose that coal gas ccu'd be used for general light ing ; and another great man, whom we will not name, for he is still living, said, in his younger days, that a man mnst be mad to suppose that steam could be used in Transatlantic navigation. Sir, —Attention was called, during the last session of Parliament, to the state of education in Wales, by a mo tion in the House of Commons, for en address to the Queen, praying her Majesty " To direct an inquiry to be mado into the state of education in the Principality of Wales, especiaily into the means aff, , rded to the labouring classes of acquiring a knowl , Age English language.' The Secretary of State for the Borne Department undertook on that occasion, on behalf of her Majesty's late Government, that such an inquiry should be insti tuted, and he intimated that it should be conducted under the authority of the Committee of Council on Education. Their Lordships having had this subject under their consideration, entirely concur in the expediency of such an inquiry; and, having selected you as one of the per sons to whom it is to be entrusted, they have directed me to address to you the fol!owing instructions, as to the nature and objects of your commission, and the mode in which your duties are to be executed. The object of your commission is, to ascertain, as accurately as circumstances will permit, the existing number of schools of all descriptions, for the education of the children of the labouring classes, or of adults the amount of attendance the ages of the scholars asid the character of the instruc tion given i❑ the schools, in ordi-r that her Majesty's Government and Parliament may be enabl , d, by having these facts before theirs, in connexion with the wants and circumstances of the population of the principality, to consider what measures ought to be taken for the im provement of the existing means of education in Wales. The schools for the instruction of the poorer classes in Wales have chiefly been erected by private benefi cence, and some have been endowed from the same source ; such of them as have no permanent endow ment are supported by the small payments of the poor, by collections in religious congregations, and by volun tary subscriptions. You will be furnished with a list of those schools which have of late years been erected with aid from par liamentary grants. and the report of the Charity Com missioners will give you useful information as to the endowed schools. You will be able to ascertain by local inquiry, the ex istence of other schools not comprised in either of these classes. Their Lordships cannot confer on you any absolute authority to enter into and examine schools, nor to re quire from any persons information respecting them which they may be unwilling to communicate. Your success will, therefore, in a great degree depend on your own courtesy and discretion in the prosecution of your inquiries, and on that sense of the importance of your commission which their Lordships trust may pervade all classes; and on a disposition to co•orerate with her Majesty's Government in the adoption of means for the removal of pepular ignorance. Their Lordships confidently anticipate that this dis position will be generally evinced, and will greatly faci litate your labours. You will explain to the trustees and managers of the schools, coming within the scope of your inquiries, what is the object of your commis sion ; and that your visit to them will be limited to an attempt to form a just general estimate of the means of education available for the poor in Wales. If no objection is made to your visit, you will person ally examine, where practicable, the condition of the school, keeping in view the f 'flowing particulars, as those on which it will be important to obtain corret in formation :—The tenure of the school, whether held under a mere temporary occupation, or secured by deed for ever, or for a term of years—the capacity of the school-room—the state of the school furniture and ap paratus—the number of children on the books—the average attendance—the organisation of the school, and the methods used—the subjects professed to be taught— the time allotted to each—the books used—whetheE the children are instructed in the Welsh language, or in the English, or in both—whether in each case in the gram mar or not—tbe actual condition of their instruction on all subjects professed to be taught. You will ascertain the amount and sources of the annual income available for the necessary expenses ; the number of teachers— their ages, whether trained at a normal school or at a model school—for what period and when. At what age they commenced their vocation as teachers : their previous occupation—the salaries of each teacher—their income of school pence, and other emoluments. Whe ther they follow any trade, or hold any other office. Whether they have a house rent free, a garden rent free, fuel, or other emoluments. Whenever you have means to form a just estimate of the qualifications and attainments of the master, it should be so stated as not to operate as a discourage ment to humble but deserving men, who may have had few opportunities of education. Where circumstances may render it impracticable to institute a minute personal inquiry, you will endeavour, by such means as Rill be available, to obtain as much information, on which reliance can be placed, as possible. Numerous Sunday schools have been established in Wales, and their character and tendencies should not be overlooked, in an attempt to estimate the provision for the instruction of the poor. The Sunday school must be regarded as the most remarkable, because the most general, spontaneous effort of the zeal of Christian congregations for education. Its origin, organisation, and tendencies are purely religious. The amount of secular instruction communicated is generally limited to the art of reading : while, there. fore, you avail yourself of any opportunities afforded you to enter such schools, you will bear in mind that they are schools of religion, and that the respect which is due from you, as an officer of the Government, fer the liberty which religious communities enjoy, should render you exceedingly careful that you in no degree infringe the civil privileges of religious congregations, either while in the schools, or by the use ycu may make of the information you may be permitted to ac quire. The results of your inquiries will be important in proportion as they are complete and accurate, and you will be provided with such temporary aid as may be ne cessary for the purpose of collecting and arranging the statistical facts which will be embodied in your report. In some parts of the country, it will probably be necessary that you should avail yourself of the services of persons possessing a know ledge of the Welsh language. In reporting on the number and description of schools in any district, you will not fail to keep in mind the amount, character, and condition of the population, and the means available in the district for the maintenance of schools. You will also be enabled to form some estimate of the general state of intelligence and information of the poorer classes in Wales, and of the, influence which an im pored education might he expected to produce, on the general condition of society, and its moral and religious progre.s. You will be furnished with instructions to civil and ecc.esiastical authorities, with a view to procure for you it advice and cooper ition. And you will be supplied with copies of the printed minutes of the Committee of Council on Education, containing reports and informa tion bearing on the subject of your inquiries.. You will report the result o f y our inquiries to their Lordships, limit ng the report, in the first instance, to the facts which you have ascertained. I have the honour t p o . be K , A Si y r, ysoHuruoTreliEen‘tvsoernvTanllt,,. GARRICK THEATRE.—TO the following .communi cation,n- s,rthh, forwardedthat a h t y i t the a I secretary, e w e ff e ercetaof advancing s, give anc the benevolent obiect had in view:—" In consequence of the late fire at the Garrick Theatre, Leman-street, Whitechapel, having thrown the numerous company out of their engagements, it has been determined by the Committee of a Theatrical Fund fur the relief of dis tressed and deserving members of the theatrical pro fession, !ately established at the east end, and entitled the ' Society of Birds,' held at the Weavers' Arms Tavern, Baker's-row, Whitechap 1, and now in a very flourishing condition, several leaving members of the profession be:ng members, to devote the receipts of the Society's benefit, which takes place on Thursday next, the 12th instant, at the Pavilion Theatre, Whiteehapel; towards comp e n sa ti ng i n some d egree for the several losses of the late company, many valuable instruments belonging to the musicians being destroyed, besides the personal properties of the actors. On the above occa sion several amateurs, members of the fund, will give their services. The Committee have already disbursed the sum of 201. from their reserved fund, for the relief of the burnt-out company. It is also the intention soon to hays another benefit for the same benevolent pur pose, the lessee of the Pavilion, Mr. Richard Thorne, having given the use of the house, and the company their services gratuitously, for the oceasion; and it is to be honed that other theatres will follow the same laudable example." SALE OF A WIFE AND MURDER OF THE FUR.. CHASER.—A butcher, named Claude Offray, residing at St. Etienne, a man of bad character, and who has al ready been convicted of various crimes, had married a young woman named Francis Foressier, whom he treated with great cruelty, and almost starved to death. Offray having reduced himself to a state of poverty, and knowing no other mode of obtaining money, resolved to put his wife up for sale, and first offered her to a sca venger, of whom he asked 110 francs (4/. 10s.), but who would not give more than 100 francs, so that the bar gain was not concluded. He then offered her to one of his neighbours, a man named Jean Marie. This latter agreed to give 150 fr. (61.), and to ratify the sale by an anthentie document ; the parties all went before a notary, who, however, refused to have anything to do with them. On receiving this reftreil, four wit nesses were procured, and in their presence the sum of 150 francs was paid down. The goods were immedi ately given up to the purchaser by Offray, while the wife, glad to be rid of such a husband, was only too happy at he transaction. Offray, however, soon spent the pro duce of this sale, and hoping, without doubt, to sell her a second time, wanted his wife back again The buyer was ready enouch to return the purchase, but on con dition that he had his money back. This, however, did not suit the intentions of the husband, who publicly announced that he would disembowel his co husband, a threat which he was not slew in putting into execution, for a few days ago. about four in the morning, Jean Marie on going to work perceived Offray concealed behind a low wall near the formet's house. He had no time to escape from the danger by which be was menaced, for Offrey immediutely fired a gun at him, the contents of which struck Jean Marie in the thigh and right, side, completely riddling him with shot. About six the same morning some one entered a caba ret in which Offray was, and told him his rival had been killed. He answered, " I am glad of it ; if I knew who it was I would give him something to drink." 1 - 1 e then wen t away, an d h as e l u d e d a ll pursuit ; the officers are, h owever , i n hi s traces .—G azette des Tibu - na The monthly . meeting of the abov e ROYAL e ll t a r z c z a a su l r i er a , read the financi 1 " club was held on HT CLUB' T hCapta i n e vv ve 1 i n 1: 1 1 . A—.MES.----- E t n E g L , E a ß t , the th ir. t r h e e p o C r o t , m w m h o i (l c h o r e s , h i o n w tehde that to from th e 30 t h o f July etel ; Lord A. Paget, the 30th of September, the receipts, including th e pre vious balance, amounted to 749 /. 7 s. 4d. The ex encl P i lure, including 1 201 . for cup? , 251 . to the holder of the challenge cup, and 2881. 10s. for the purchase of 305/. Consols, amounted to 5501. 2s. 9d., leaving a balance o f 1 1991. 4s. 7d.. in addition t o the 3001. f unded stock. Lord A. PAGET said it was necessary to take into consideration where the future meetings of the club were to take place, as he understood they could not a large continue to be accommodated on the present terms, and a com the question would therefore be, whether they would choose to accede to an increased deia s n e d c , on o d r e l d oca b t y e e xi lse r - . where ? He must confess that considering they had a seventeen, M°RGaN including the Corn small room for their use every day in the year, with Commodore, were appointed to report for the 26th instant. lights, sum . Hcoals,would& tshuagtgetshtey the were ap appointment tm p a u y n i t n g o f mittee on the subject. i the i3,oe esisna ld m m c o m m i tteeet Vice e io ti n neg 0 0, : 0 for fixedd. Mr. J. WILKINS called the attention of the club to the provisions of the Act for the Registration of Sea far as it affected yacht-owners, and after some men, as discussion, a resolution was carried for referring the BARER, o °C lad On matter to the . Sailing Committee, who are specially con vened for the 26th instant. THE DAWLISH R EGATTA—DISPUTED PRIZE. The following were ballotted for and elected:— The Rght Hon. Viscount Exmouth, Pall-mall. Captain C. Clint on, R.N., Clifton. Talbot Clifton, Esq., M.P. W. Tinkler,. Esq., Guildford, Surrey. Proposed for ballot at the ensuing monthl _ y meeting:— Boyce Harvey Combe, Esq., Wyndham Club. J. P. Robertson, Esq., Fore-street, Limehouse. fl o ll f ed tke up and built Fleet -river •.-------___ THE FLEET DITCH.---ThiS water course was only, udpuorinogatthceamprdeesnetTit Town. No s en o c v lo e s s e ti d g , e now remains I pen, although ten centuries ago vessels of three, and even four hundred tons, as it is recorded, were moored in its waters. The Danish fleet anchored off the site where Holborn bridge is now acknowledged when the destructive onslaught took place between the Saxons and the Danes, upon the spot whereon now exists the church of St. Clement Dana THE SUN , LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 9, 1816, during her trip, which gave her paddle-wheels a suffi cient immersion in the water. The Waterlily, a screw propeller steam-vessel, with engines on the direct action principle, by Messrs, Mauds lay. Field, and Sons, recently left the river for Naples, land went from Blackwell to Falmouth is thirty-two hours, and from Falmouth to Gibraltar in 113 hours, although she had to encounter the storm in which the Ripon went on shore, having left Falmouth on the 18th of October. The Waterlily is only 180 tons,- with engines of 50-horse power, and yet she gallantly accomplished her voyage to Gibraltar when numerous other vessels of greater tonnage and power suffered from the severity of the weather. The Teazer, gun steam-vessel, with screw propeller and engines by Miller and Ravenhill, proceeded down the river to-day to try her engines and speed, but she did not appear to have a great degree of velocity, although her e ngi nes wor k e d we ll. Th e Teazer was built of wood at Chatham, and was under the charge of Commander Smith, of the William and Mary yacht. Mr. Atherton, assistant to the chief engineers of the Woolwich dockyard, was on board to witness the work ing_ of her engines, and report her s p ee d. SHEERNESS, Nov. s.—The Belleisle troop-ship, Capt. Kingcome, was towed into harbour on Monday, where her defects can be more conveniently and expeditiously made gond than at the Nore. The .plus, 44, being completely fitted as a store- s hip, was discharged from the basin on Tuesday, and taken In tow by the African steamer to-day, for Deptford. The Dragon steam-frigate, of 560 horse power, was ordered on Tuesday to be fitted for sea, with all despatch; she is now all ataunt in the basin, and taking on board her sea stores and provisions. No appointments are as yet down for her. The Birkenhead steam-frigate, the Formidable, 84, and the Horatio, 44, continue in dock. The Rochester lighter arrived from Portsmouth on Tuesday. with stores, for the dockyard, and the Sinbad lighter, from Woolwich and Devonport, on Thursday. Captain David Price (1815) has been officially nomi nated to succeed Captain Arthur in the superintendent ship of this dockyard, and the command of the ordinary. Captain Price is an old and distinguished officer ; he was midshipman of the Ardent at Copenhagen, in 1801, and in the Centaur at the capture of four French frigates, in 1806 ; the bombardment of Copenhagen in 1807 ; the destruction of a Russian 74 in 1808. When lieutenant of the Hawke he frequently distinguished himself in her boats in the Channel, and on one occasion was se verely wounded ; was in the San Josef in the partial action with the French fleet off Toulon in 1813 ; and in command of the Volcano bomb was actively employed in America. particularly against New Orleans, siege of Fort Bowyer, &c., where he was again severely wounded. A PP )INTMENTS Nov. 6.—U. S. Suliven, lieutenant, to the Birkenhead; G. H. K. Bower, mester, to the Birkenhead ' - S. J. But cher, purser, to the Birkenhead •, Richard W all, gunner, to the Birkenhead; Jacob Matthews, boatswain, to the Birkenhead; Thomas Ankers, carpenter, to the Birken head; Arthur Wilmshurst, lieutenant, to the Albatross; W. H. Crane, acting master, to the Albatross ; H. K. Conquer, acting purser, to the Albatross ; Joseph Paul, boatswain, to the Albatross; John F. Tottenham, lieu tenant, to the Medea; R. B. Mudge, acting master, to the Medea; 3. C. Pinhorn, acting purser, to the Medea; Thomas Cass, acting boatswain, to the Medea; George Wall, lieutenant, to the Rosamond; J. H. Ashton, mas ter, to the Rosamond; William Stanway, purser, to the Rosamond ; John Campbell, acting boatswain, to the Rosamond ; Manser Bradshaw, master and commander, to the Alban; James Taylor, second engineer, to the Alban ; George Walter, second engineer, to the Spbynx; John Gilmour, third engineer, to the Sphynx ; George Griffiths, third engineer, to the Sphyux; L. J. Palmer, clerk, to the Belleisle. _ Nov. 3.—Charles Bleach, promoted to be acting gunner. Mn. HARDY, M.P.—We are sorry to hear that the health of the Honourable Member for Bradford, which has for some time past been in a precarious state, has been recently still further impaired, by an attack of paralysis.—Leeds Mercury. On Wedneseay afternoon a butcher, named Rey nolds, residing in Orchard-place, Northgate, in Canter bury, committed suicide by firing a pistol through his heart.—Kentish Observer. _ PEDESTRIAN FEAT FOR TEN PouND3.—Last week the match in which O'Connor undertook to pick 100 stones from the ground, each being laid a yard apart, in fifty minutes, was performed in Copenhagen-fields. The stones were deposited in a line, and were fetched sepa rately, the pedestrian making 100 starts in the perform ance of his task, and eventually ho accomplished his match in forty-seven minutes. In the course of his match he had to travel over 5 miles, 5 furlongs, and 200 yards of ground. THE PAVILION. — Mr. Slight, the c'erk to the Commissioners, had an interview with Lord Alfred Herv•y in London on Wednesday, and with Captain Pechell, at Castle Goring, yesterday, on the subject of the proposed sale of the Pavilion, and preparatory to a meeting with Lord Morpeth ; when the whole of the facts connected with this property will be submitted to his Lordship's consideration ; and, from what we hear, a sale of the Pavilion, as it now stands, for building pur poses, cannot take place.—Brighton Herald. ROBBERY AT CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY.—Friday, information was forwarded to the London police, that between the hours of two and seven o'clock on Tuesday last, some thief stole from the rooms of Thomas Acton, Esq., oc Emmanuel Colley-e, Cambridge, a dressing box, conoining ale t-r of redit n the London and Dublin Bank for 30'., four 5/. Bank of England notes, four or five sovereigns. and about twenty shillings in silver ; ako, several bills and letters of coistquence, and a va riety of articles of value. SINGULAR AND FATAL ACCIDENT. --- Yesterday afternoon a female servant in the employ ot . Mr. Terry a ►inen-draper in C hi,well street, was currying a tie-dish in the street, when by some accident she tripped and fell, and her throat was cut by the sharp edges of the broken dish. Dr. Jeffi, of Finsbury-square, who hap pule i to be near at the moment, rendered el ery aszAst ance, which proved unavailing, the carrotid artery and juogular vein had been completely severed, and the poor woman expired in a few moments. JUVENILE PREACHER.—During several nights of the past week s , rmons hare been preached in the Town Hall by a boy of only ten years of age. A good many people attended through curiosity to hear so young a teacher of righteousness, who certainly displayed ac quirements not often attained at his early years. The boy is very smart, and delivers his discourses with wonderful ease and volubility, and if they are his own productions one would be induced to call him a preco cit u; genius. Be that as it may, he has estowished not a few. The reason given for his thus appearing before the public is. that money may be obtained to further his education.—Kelso Chronicle. THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPII.—CoIoneI Greenwood states-the following application of the electric telegraph: —" On Thursday last I bought a two-year-old colt at Newmarket, and embarked it in the 10-41 up train from Cambridge-, but, having some difficulty in persuading him to be of the party, I forgot my portmanteau in the cons quent hurry. I mentioned my omission to the guard at Bishop's Stortford ; he gave me a pencil and .a sheet out of his memorandum book, on which I wrote, A portmanteau, directed —, Cambridge station, to be forwarded to London.' The clerk at Bishop's Stortford said he would telegraph the message, and as sured me that I should receive my luggage by the next train. When I arrived in town, the superintendent has tened with me to the electric telegraph. The question was asked, When will —'s portmanteau be for warded?' The immediate reply was,' By the two o'clock train." What have ito pay?' You are a passenger and with a horse?' Yes." There's nothing to pay, sir.' The question and answer conjointly travelled abut 120 miles before my young one was disembarked." VAUXHALL-BRIDGE COMPANY.—The directors and shareholders in this company held their usual half-yearly meeting yesterday, at the George and Vulture Tavern. Lombard-street ; Mr. Barron, presii'ent of the com mittee, in the chair. The secretary read the minutes of the proceedings of the last board, and the report of the directors for the present half year, Pram which it ap peared that the balance n)w in hand, in Exchequer tills, amounted to 4,5001. ; that the unpaid dividends amounted to 965/. ss. ; that the receipts by tolls for the half year ending October, 1845, were 6,481/. 12s. 4d., while those for the present year were 8,063/. ss. Id., being 1..5811. 12s. 9d. over the receipts of October, 1845; that the receipts from the steam-boat pier amounted to 138/. 6s. 6d., from which was to be deducted 921. Is. 9d. expenses, leaving a profit in favour of the company of 46/. 4s. 9J. The account current was then read, by which it appeared that the expenditure of the company was 11,0861. 16s. 9d., less by balance brought forward from last half-year of 2.6471 12s. 9d., and the creditor side showed a balance in favour of the company of 3,6291. 10s. 7d., less the above balance. A good deal of discussion arose upon the subject of the liability of the company to be rated to sewage rates by the Commis sioners of Sewers. It appeared that the rate had been demanded, and was refused, a distress levied, and notice of appeal served ; but as the trial of the question would involve an expensive law suit, it was agreed upon to suspend legal proceedings for the present, with a view to an amicable arrangement. It was then agreed upon to pay the directors 200 guineas per annum, after which the meeting broke up. MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—On Saturday, the maniaze of George Charles Constantine, Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, the newly-appointed Governor-General of Canada, with the Lady Mary Louisa Lambton, eldest (laughter of the late, and sister of the present Earl of Durham, was solemnised at St. Peter's Church, Eaton square, in the presence of a select circle of the aris tocracy. The bride arrived at the church at a few minutes before twilve o'clock, in company with her uncle, the Earl Grey, by whom she was conducted to the vestry, where a large party had previously assembled, Grey, the the Duchess cf Hamilton , th e Countess the Earl of Durham, Lord George Lennox, his Ex cellency Baron Brunnow, Lady Elizabeth Bulteel, and the Misses Bulteel, Lady Caroline Berrington, the Right Hon Charles and Lady Mary Wood, Lady Emily Cavendish, Hon. Colonel and Mrs.: Grey, Hon. Mrs. W. Lambt ,n, Hon. and Rev. Francis Grey, Hon. Frederick Bruce, &c. The bride was attended at the altar by a train of eight bridemaids, viz :—The Lady Alice Lambton (her Ladyship's sister), the Misses Lambton (2), the Misses Bulteel (3), Miss Mary Bar - rington, and Miss Cavendish. The Hon. and Rev. John Grey (brother of Earl Grey, and uncle to the bride), performed the service, the Earl Grey officiating as the father of the bride. At the conclusion of the service the parties retired to the Earl Grey's mansion in Belgrave• square, where an elegant dejeuner was served in celebra tion of the happy event. Early in the afternoon the bridal pair left town for Coddicute, the seat of Lady Emily Cavendish, in Hertfordshire. The Earl of Elvin, our readers may remember, is a widower, his first wife having died in Jamaica during his Lordship's g overnor sh . p of that colony. A d aug ht er i s the only issue of that marriage. FOREIGN POLICY. (From tin: Times.) The foreign policy of Lord Aberdeen loses nothing by the contrast with that of his succcessor ; and a series of untoward circumstances has case a remarkable gloom over Lord Palmerston's return to the department over which he presides. If we were disposed to retort upon him, or upon the organs of his confidence, that angry criticism and unsparing abuse which they lavished upon the late Foreign Minister, subjects and opportuni ties for this kind of retaliation would not be wanting ; but we may safely trust to the force of facts to annihi late accusations which never obtained the ear of the na tion ; and it were well for England if those energies which were then so exclusively attributed to Lord Pal. merston could insure to this country as much influence, security, and respect as it enjoyed under the temperate guidance of Lord Aberdeen. The sinking tide has, how ever, disclosed rocks and shoals about our course, over which we floated a few months ego in confidence and safety. We have reason to be dissatisfied with our foreign relations on more sides than one. The Queen of England can no longer meet her Parliament with the customary but im portant assurance of an undiminished good understanding with all the world. The Government have loudly and justly remonstrated and protested against a transaction iccomplished without us. and in spite of us, at Madrid ; ind in the New World Lord Palmerston seems to be condemned to witness, without even the relief of a re monstrance, the incorporation of an empire into the Amer rican Union. We are not so unreasonable or so unjust as to impute to Lord Palmerston evils which he could not prevent and cannot repair. We shall not even press upon him considerations arising from the mistrust he unluckily inspired abroad, at a time when his policy was supposed to be accomplishing its greatest triumphs, but when it was in reality sowing the seeds of humiliation and dislike. If it were possible to separate the present from the past, our Foreign Secretary might lay claim to the praise of having done all that could now be done to maintain the honour and interests of the country, when we were tricked by our nearest ally ; and it is not the business of an English pen to rccal those incidents of a former time which have unfortunately made him an object of such bitter rancour elsewhere. We pointed them out in 1840. when they took place; we recorded the verification of our predicant; when Lord John Russell failed in his attempt to form a eabinet eleven months ago; and although the obstacles which then occurred have since been surmounted, the state of our foreign relations is certainly not calculated to prove that they were unfounded or that they have been re moved. Nothing is clearer in the history of the late achievements of French diplomacy in Spain than that Louis Philippe and M. Guizot took advantage of Lord Palmerston's return to office to effect a stroke of policy under pretence of a counter-intrigue on the part of England. They hoped, in the first place, to throw the blame and disgrace of the rupture that must ensue on a rival statesman whom they hate; and they expected, in the second place, that their statements would obtain credit in Europe, in opposition to those of an English Minister who does not personally enjoy the confidence of the Northern Courts. In both these expectations we are convinced they are signally deceived. We are per fectly satisfied that the whole course of the British Government, with reference to the Spanish marriages, was as plain, straightforward, and disinterested under Lord Palmerston as it had been under Lord Aberdeen, and that the forbear ance and good faith of this country have been as complete as those of our neighbours have been the re verse. As long as our case stands thus high, we en tertain no fears for the consequences to our character and influence in Europe ; and we are convinced that the means and acts by which Louis Philippe and his instru ments have filched this Princess and her inheritance from Spain have done far more injury to his station and cha racter in Europe than that which we have sustained by these intrigues. Some of the journals of the French Court have amused themselves in speculating on the for mation of new alliances with the continental Powers. Do they imagine that the best means of earning the confi dence of those states who view the dynasty of Orleans and the character of the King with profound aversion is to show that no obligations are sacred in his eyes, and that the only country which has made a hundred ge nerous sacrifices to the French alliance has made those sacrifices in vain ? The Presse is ready to purchase a Russian alliance at any price —the partition of Turkey, and the final abandonment of Poland. The alliance of England was proffered on more moderate terms : we re quired nothing but good faith and plain-dealing, but those are qualities which are sometimes more rare than offers of joint spoliation and combined injus tice. As a matter of fact, however, we are confident that these speculations on a Russo-French alliance are entirely visionary and unfounded. As long as M. Guizot adhered steadily to the cause of peace, which was identified with the alliance of England, he stood better at Vienna, at Berlin, and at St. Petersburgh, than any former Minister of France since 1830. But in pro portion as he has receded, or diverted his course from the original principles of his administration, he becomes al , object of suspicion at the other Courts, as well as at his own. In 1810 a combination of the four Powers, pro jected by Russia and adopted by England, was instantly regarded as a hostile coalition by France ; and the isolated position in which she stood shook her frame to the centre. The deliberate and spontaneous act of the French Government has now places her in a position equally isolated, unless indeed she boast of her alliance with Spain, and her strength in the Peninsula. The apprehensions and distrust of Austria are heightened to a state of terror by the attitude of the Papal Government, the increase of French influence in Italy, and the disturbances in Switzerland, whilst Paris is still regarded as the seat of those revolutionary doe trices which infect under peculiar forms several pro vinces of the empire. In Prussia, as well as in Austria, any act which threatens to disturb the balance of power and the tranquillity of Europe is viewed with dismay; for the Court of Berlin is pertEctly aware that its sub • jects will make the discharge of their military duties contingent upon the recognition of their constitutional rights. In Prussia, the finances of the kingdom could only be supported in the event of war by the concur rence of the estates of the realm. In Austria, they could not be supported at all. In Russia, we know not what the French ( xpect after having endured fifteen years of incivility and insult from the Court; but if they ar e content to supplicate for the favour of Ni chelas in humble guise, they make up for their ser vility at St. Petersburgh by their arrogance at Madrid. In all these Courts the late transactions are viewed with indifference as regards Spain, with a little malicious diversion at the expense of England, but with indigna tion and disgust at the duplicity of France. The main support which M. Guizot gave to the Government of Louis Philippe was derived from the supposed integrity of his character—a quality more valuable by far in the eyes of Europe than his Parliamentary eloquence or his diplomatic address. The King, however, has made so large a draught on the virtues he wanted, that he set ms to have exhausted the supply, and he has proportionably weakened his Minister and impaired his fame. To the King such sacrifices cost but little, and he will probably not step there, if the destruction of the Cabinet can cover his own share in these performances; but to the real in terests of France and the reluctant confidence of the European Powers, he has given a shock from which they will not soon recover ; and nothing could tend more effectually to strengthen the closest understanding be tween our own Government and the other great Powers of Europe, in case more agitated times should follow the termination of his reign. THE MILITARY FRACAS AT DE- VONPORT. The dispute between the military and police at Devon- Fie, of which an account appeared in our columns yes terday, has been followed by criminal proceedings against the man Webber, who was brought before the magistrates on Wednesday, charged with keeping a dis orderly house and with assaulting and resisting, by causing their detention, two policemen, while in the execution of their duty, On each charge he w as fi ne d. making altogether 161 . a nd costs, and in default was com mitted to hard labour to the county House of Correction for four months. In reference to this case, the subjoined letter has been received by the mayor, stating the result of the court of inqulry: " Brigade Office Department, Nov. 3. " Sin—l am directed by the major-general command ing the western district, to acquaint you that a court of inquiry has been held for the purpose of ascertaining the facts connected with the detention, by a military guard, of two police-cfficers of Devonport, on the 30th of October. " The facts elicited by the inquiry only show an error of judgment in that detention, and no desire on the part of the military to interfere with or oppose the police in the execution of their duty. " the major-general, has, therefore, merely issu ed an cyder, of which a copy is enclosed, that will p revent an y u simar mistakes from compliance with an irregu l ar de mand upon a guard to interfere in a concern of a civil nature. " I have the honour to be, " Your most obedient humble servant, " C. F. MAXWELL, Captain-major of Brigade. " To the Worshipful the Mayor of Devenport." The general now states that the military shall not:assisl the civil power. except upon the written requisitiion of a magistrate. WONDERFUL FEAT.—A woman verging on seventy four years of age, travelled on Thursday last from Abernethy to Kinross ; where, after her little business was done, and as she was preparing to return home, she entered into an agreement with a cattle dealer to drive some beasts to Perth, he having failed in finding any other person. She executed her task faithfully. The cattle dealer, who had gone in his gig to Perth before her, in the evening went out on the road a little way to meet her ; and had his considerable apprehensions al layed by hearing her " shoo, shoo," at the top of the South Inch. He rewarded her with something more than he promised, on which the poor old creature turned her steps to Abernethy, where she arrived at good supper time. The distance she travelled was thirty-four miles.—Perthshire Courier. ADVENTURES OF A JACKDAW.—A few days ago, a carriage arrived at Gilstrap's Hotel, Newark, fur the night. On the following morning, prior to starting, a jackdaw, belonging to the hotel, resolved to convert the same into an observatory. He was driven off, but John, having taken a liking to the Carriage, or bent upon having an excursion, found a hiding place on the under works of the vehicle. He remained unobserved, and, on arriving the following morning at the Red Lion Hotel, Worksop, was recognised by the servant accom panying the carriage, and by him and the ostler at the Red Lion was driven off. He immediately mounted a ct fly " in the yard, and in a very a mus i ng and command ing mann er called out for the " Boots." H e was packed up in a ha mper, and sent b ac k to his old quarters at Newark, and a pp eared to be much gratified on his re -4=134—Derbyshire Courier. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 6.—An order is down from the Admiralty for the reduction of the complements of all men-of-war, taking fifty men from first rates, and from thereo enable appears to e Board a r a d h tou as commission m muchm s i s ion reason all others in proportion to their class; and also t a ki ng t away one lieutenant from each ship. It i s sa id thi s ships, measure is that idea as in the showman's, who commenced his ex hibition by saying, he'd " put out the candles to show more light." Her Majesty is expected to revisit Osborne early next week. The Fairy is being got ready to convey the royal party over. She tried her engines to-day. Orders have been given this morning to repair the defects of the Resistance, and get her ready for the con veyance of troops with all possible dispatch. It is un derstood that on her being paid off; 'Commander Gower Lowe, of the Crocodile, will recommission her, and that his officers and crew will be turned over to her, that vessel being reported as unfit for any service, but that of a hulk or coal depta. It is a pity, in these circumstances, that her refit should have been allowed to proceed, as much expense has been incurred which might as well have been spared. The Scourge steam bomb-vessel, Commander James C. Coffin, went to Spithead this morning, and remains ready for immediate service, if required. Nu orders have yet been received for launching the Dauntless steam-frigate. She is cradled, and can be prepared for launching in a few hours, but it cannot take place now for nearly a fortnight, on account of the tides. The other steam-frigate (the Arrogant) is also in a very forward state. Thirty-seven blue jackets were draughted yesterday from the Victory and sent on board the Sphynx steam sloop, Commander J. B. Cragg, for passage to join Vice- Admiral Sir W. Parker's squadron. The Victory is, in consequence of the frequent draughts lately made upon her, getting very short of hands, nearly all the dis posable men and boys having been sent away. An order has been received here from the Admiralty to superannuate all the' dockyard riggers of 60 years and upwards, and all such men as are incapable from infirmity of service at sea. (If this rule were generally ap plied, we wonder where the Admiral Superintendent would be.) The Vengeance, 84, Captain Lushington, is very fast progressing in her fitting, and will be ready to leave the basin next week. Seamen are rather scarce. George M. Balfour (1843), at present in the Hibernia, 100, flag-ship in the Mediterranean, is promoted to the rank of Lieutenant. The Birkenhead steam-sloop, of 1,400 tons and 500 horse power, built by Laird, of Glasgow, is commis sioned at Sheerness, by the appointment of Commander A. H. Ingram, 1841, who was Lieutenant of the Blonde, 42, in the operations at Canton. The Medea steam-sloop, of 835 tons and 220 horse power, built in 1838 by Lang, is commissioned at Wool wich by the appointment of Commander G. E. W. Ha mond (1843), si ho was midshipman of the Blonde at the taking of RosamondM or ea Eclair)B2B). steam-sloop, of 1,050 ton; and 286 horse power, built in 1 8 44 by the Sur veyor of the Navy, is commissioned at Sheerness by Commander John Foote ( 1845 ), late 'lieutenant of the Dublin, 50. The Albatross, 16, recently from the coast of Africa, is commissioned at Chatham by Comman d er A. The Far quhar (1844), who was mate of the Princess Charlotte at St. Jean &Acre. The appointments of the above officers appeared in The Sun of yesterday. The Salamander steam-sloop, Commander A. S. Ha mond, arrived at Valparaiso from Otaheite, en route to England, to be paid off, on the 17th of August. The Talbot, 26, Captain Sir T. Thompson, Bart., ar rived at Valparaiso from St. Blas on the 24th of August. The Sampson steam- frigate, Captain Henderson, sailed from Valparaiso for Coquimbo on the 25th of August. We are happy to state a subscription is set on foot in the endeavour to raise some respectable sum for the relief of the family of the late Lieutenant W. P, Green, whose hard case appeared in The Sun of yesterday. Everything remains in stutu quo on borrd the St. Vin cent, 120, Captain Milne.. She is all ready for bending sails, and leaving the harbour at a day's notice, if re quired. The Rattlesnake surveying ship, Captain Owen Stanley, is painting, and in a state of great forwardness. The Naiad coal depot, Master Commanding W. L. Brown, is rigging with great dispatch. Her topsail yards are crossed, lower yards across the bulwark, top gallant masts pointed, and rigging ratlined down. The Penelope steam-frigate, Captain Giffard, does not make much show yet. Men are very scarce; and as she is being rigged alongside her hulk, there is not the facility for getting the requisite materiel that there is alongside the jetty, or in the basin. In the Harbour—St. Vincent, Vietory, Excellent, Victoria and Albert, Rattlesnake, and Resistance; Pene lope, Sphynx, Myrtle, and Echo, steam-vessels. In the Basin—Vengeance, Naiad, Fairy, and Amphi trite. _ _ _ In Dock—Ajax, Ediaburgh, Prince Regent, Leander, Crocodile, Champion, and Serpent. At Spithead—Scourge. " COVE OF CORK, Nov. 3.—The Myrmidon, steam vessel, Lieutenant Commander Jenkin, still carries the flag of Rear-Admiral Sir Hugh Piga, Commander-in- Chief. The Dee steam-vessel, Master Commander Driver, is taking on board 1,500 bags of bread for Valentia, whither she will go when she has completed with these provisions. The Rhadamanthus steam vessel, Lit utenant-Ccmmander A3l( n, and the Comet steam. sloop, Lieutenant-Commander Johnston, are in harbour, awaiting orders and cargo. The latter has been put upon the war establishment, a corporal and seven additional marines have been added to her com plement, which also was strengthened before she left Portsmouth. The Blazer steam-vessel, Captain Wash ington, and the Acheron steam-sloop, Lieutenant-Com mander Dunlop, have left; the former for Ilintry Bay, with marines, and the latter for Galway, with marines and pn visions.'' CHATHAM, Nov. 6.—The Gloucester, 50 guns, was put out of the first dock into ordinary on the sth inst. The Elk, a new 12-gun brig, will be built in the same dock immediately, as she must be completed in the pre sent financial year. The Warspite, 50 guns, fitting in dock foe com mission, will be ready fur the pendant by the end of this month. The Albatross, 16 guns, fitting for sea, has got her lower rigging over the masts' heads, and will be ready for the pendant by the middle of this month. The Rochester, Sedgwick master, arrived yesterday with stores from Plymouth and Portsmouth yards. The Duck, Savage master, arrived on the 4th instant, with stores from Deptford and Woolwich yards. The Gun hoy, from Woolwich, arrived on Wednes day, the 4th inst., with guns and stores, and is reloading with guns for Woolwich. She conveys on board 44 guns (32 -pounders, 9 feet, 45 cwt.); and 7 guns (32 pounders, 8 feet, 41 cwt.) She sails to-morrow from the Gun-wharf. The Marlborough hoy is loaded with guns and un serviceable arms and accoutrements, recently brought home by the lielleisle troop ship from Quebec and Montreal, for the Tower. Professor Moseley paid his first annual visit to the Apprentices'-school in Chatham-yard on the 4th inst., and commenced with the examination of the apprentices, of which number there are 141 in the school. The Pro fessor will close his examination to-morrow. Sir William Burnett, Physician-General of the Navy, arrived on the 4th inst., on his annual inspection of Melville Hospital, and the dockyard surgery, &c. Two clerks have been sent from the Admiralty to assist in taking a general survey of the stores of this dockyard, consequent on the appointment of Mr. Miller, as storekeeper of the yard. In harbour is the Mutine, 12 guns, Commander R. Tryon ; she will be out of the hands of the dockyard on Monday next. No day is yet fixed for her leaving the port. The Wildfire steam-vessel arrived from Sheerness last evening, and landed at the Sun-pier Colonel Fox, the Surveyor-General of the Ordnance, and Sir T. Hastings, storekeeper at the Tower. The vessel returned to Sheer ness this morning. WOOLWICH, NOV. 6.—The Rosamond steam-vessel was commissioned yesterday at Woolwich, by Com mander John Foote (1845), and when ready for sea will proceed to the Mediterranean for service on that station. The Geyser steam-vessel• was commissioned yesterday at Woolwich, by Commander Graham E. W. Hammond (1843). The Medea steam-vesse', Commander Francis T. Brown, who commissioned her on Monday last, was tried down the river to-day, and gave great satisfaction. Captain Crawford, Captain Wellesley, Captain Pleydell Bouverie, and Lieut. Lysaght, R.N., at present studying steam at the factory in the Woolwich Dockyard, and Mr. Murray, chief engineer of Portsmouth Dockyard, were on board to witness the working of the engines, and the vessel was in charge of Lieut. Laurie, of the Sidon steam-frigate, with Master Commander Petley, of the Lightning steam-vessel. The vessel did not leave her moorings opposite the dockyard until nearly one o'clock P.M., but she then proceeded down the river with great speed, her engines working remarkably smooth, and during the whole of her experimental trip they had not the least appearance of heating in any part. The Medea was built from a design by Mr. Oliver Lang, master shipwright of Woolwich Dockyard, and served with great credit under Commander, now Captain Austin, C. 8., on the Mediter ranean station. She possesses great breadth of beam, and is a most commodious vessel of her class. Her en gines were originally of 220 horse power, on the beam principle, and constructed by Messrs. Maudslay, Field, and Sons. These engines have been removed, and two new enginos of 350 horse power have been substituted, on the double cylinder principle, by the same engineers. to attain the desideratum in speed now expected in steam vessels belonging to the Royal Navy. The present en gines, although 130 horse power greater than the for mer, are only of the same weight of metal, and occupy 12 feet less space, which affords ample room for the en gineers and stokers to work them to the greatest advan tage and comfort of all employed in connexion with them. On arriving at the measured mile in Long Reach, the speed of the yes: el was ascertained to be, on the ave rage with and against the tide, 10 . 99 knots per hour; the time occupied in accomplishing the mile against the tide being 6 minutes 45 seconds, and with the tide 4 minutes and 35 seconds. The measured mile was run twice up and twice down, and tae result was al most precisely the sam e. The engines have a stroke of 5 feet 3 inches, and acquired twenty-nine revolu tions per minute. The stokers have an excellent friend a ttached to their boilers in the form of a smail engine having a power of 10 men, which is set in motion by the wa ste steam, on the engines being stopped, to supply the boilers with water by pumping, which it dies most effectually. The Medea, on her return to Woolwich, kept abreast of the Railway steamer, one of the fast boats to Gravesend, and was only distanced by the latter being of light draught and taking the shortest course of the river. The Medea had 215 tons of coals on board, EDINBURGII PHILOSOPHICAL INSTITUTION. • EDINBURGH, THURSDAY MORNING.—Last evening a soirée, with an abundant supply of cakes, fruits, wines, &c., was held in the Music-hall, to celebrate the estab lishment of the Philosophical Institution. About 800 ladies and gentlemen were accommodated at the tables placed in the body of the hall; the galleries and spacious orchestra were also filled with a well-dressed auditory. The Lord Provost occupied the chair, supported on the right by his Grace the Archbishop of Dublin, Pro fessor Wilson, Lord Cuninghame, Mr. Fox Maule, M.P., Mr. William Gibson Craig, M.P., Professor Nichol, Dr. Maclagan, Rev. Thomas Guthrie; and on the left were, the Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, M.P-, Lord Murray, the Rev. Dr. Robert Lee, Mr. D. M. Moir (Delta), Pro fessor Gregory, Professor More, Professor Pillans, &c. Dr. LEE having said grace, the Lord Provost gave in succession the usual pr e li m i nar y t oas t s , a ll of which were heartily respo n d e d t o; th a t o f "H er Majesty's Ministers," though proposed without accompanying re marks, was followed by loud and prolonged cheers. The LORD PROVOST then rose, and spoke as follows: Though not altogether unaccustomed to public speaking, I never rise to address even a small and friendly audience on subjects with which I may be supposed to be familiar, but with diffidence and hesitation. I may, then, be excused for an oppressive feeling of in adequacy to speak on subjects in regard to which I am only a scholar on the lowest form, before an audience so numerous and intellectual, and in a presence so exalted in dignity and i n - talents.—(Applause.) But for the accidental circumstance of my position, it would have been p resumpt i on i n me to have attempted to grapple with the topic entrusted to me by the direc tors ; yet, however f ee bl e my endeavours, I yield to none in good wishes for the success of this and kindred institutions.—(Renewed applause.) Edinburgh has been long renowned as a seat of learning, and as the resi dence of distinguished philosophers, and the inhabitants have not failed to profit by the brilliant lights which shone in the midst of them. From the opportunities afforded by her educational institutions, even the humblest ranks of her sons have had the treasures of literature and science laid open to them ; the pupils have communicated of their acquisitions to their families and associates, so that, as a community, her citizens have earned a reputation for literary taste and general intel ligence.—(Great applause.) If, however, we have at tained an honourable position among the cities of the empire, to keep our place we must advance with . the onward progress of society. Other towns are establish ing literary and scientific institutions for the general benefit ; the standard of information among all classes is perpetually rising. Unless we open the fountains of science, and avail ourselves of the streams of know ledge, we must submit to take an inferior rank among cities. Our sons may trade for a short time upon the reputation and capital of their forefathers, but unless thoroughly educated and trained for the more respon sible situations in fife, their places will be occupied by others who have more diligently improved their talents.—(Hear.) The Edinburgh Philosophical Asso ciation commenced some fourteen years ago for the purpose of giving the members an opportunity of hearing lectures on literature, science, and art by men distinguished in their various walks. The last whose voice was heard amongst us was the gifted but unhappy Haydon, who was listened to with profit and pleasure, when eloquently unfolding the history and principles of the pictorial art, and whose cheerful conversational powers enlivened our social circles, while, alasl a wounded spirit was fatally preying upon his too sensitive mental constitution. It has been resolved to enlarge the sphere of the association, and to add to the system of lectures a library and reading-room, that the information communicated by the lecturer may be extended and more accurately appreciated by study. The education of the man is not completed when he leaves the walls of the school or the college, he has received there only the discipline and training which by giving strength and flexibility and habits of exercise to his faculties prep a re him for educating himself. The drilling he bad received fits him for the active campaigns of life; but to secure success he will have daily to combat subtle and power ful enemies, he must resist the seductions of slothfulness and sensual pleasures, he must subdue the strongholds of prejudice and error, strengthen his intellectual and moral powers, and extend his mental domain?.—(Ap plause.) Do I hear any one say the study of literature and science may be very appropriate for those who are to follow the learned professions, but it only tends to distract the attention of the industrious classes from their proper business and to make them discontented with their con dition? If the thirst for knowledge should stir up in some ardent minds cravings and longings after more in tellectual occupation, is it matter of regret that such men as the elder Herschel should have relinquished organ playing for astronomy, and added a new planet to our system? that Ark wright should have reglected the busi ness of the razor for the study of mechanics, and in creased the wealth and power of Britain by the inven tion of the spinning jenoy ? that Franklin should have left the manual labour of the printing-press for litera ture, philosophy, and legislation, should have taught us to draw down the lightning from Heaven, and assisted in giving a free constitution to his country ? or that Watt should have annihilated time and space by the triumphs of the steam-engine ?—( Applause.) It may be that some ill-regulated spirits may be diverted from their proper sphere to attempt at flights beyond their power of wing ; but if such ill-balanced minds had not taken an erratic course in this, is it certain they would not have flown off in another and less honourable direc tion ? The legitimate tendency of this and similar in- stitutions is nut to make the industrious classes discon tented with their condition, but to qualify them more thoroughly for succeeding in whatt•ver branch of in dustry they are engaged. Knowledge of the countries with which he trades, of their productions andcapabi .. litiec, of the mlnners. habits, and wants of the inhabit. ants, is necessary for the merchant. and the more ample and accurate his information regarding the various eouutries of the globe, the greater will be the probabi lity of success in his adventures ; and is it not the same with the m 'nat . :let:ll-er. the agriculturist, the mechanic, and the artisan ? What wondc•rs have been accom plished in our manufacturing restrict , through the in- -truetions of natural philosophy ; for art is only the ap plication of knowledge to a particular end.—(Hear, hear.) From reluctant soils and trackless moors on which an ignorant and sluggish tenantry formerly toiled and starved, the increased science of the, agriculturist has extracted rich and abundant crops, and quadrupled the value of the land ; and still greater triumphs remain to be achieved by the farmer when better instructed in the powers of nature.—(Applause.) There is no class, not even the humblest, whom increased knowledge will not benefit even in their ordinary occupations and do mestic arrangements. More widely diffused information will discover to the operative more efficient and quick methods of completing his work—will lead to the proper ventilating of houses, increased cleanliness, improved health, and general comfort.—(Applause.) Highly im portant as is the diffusion of knowledge for the promo tion of the arts and the increase of physical enjoyment, it claims a still higher place in our estimation when its moral results are considered. The tendency of true knowledge is to purify and elevate the mind ; and the more exalted the nature of the knowledge, and the greater the amount of acquisition, the greater will be the advance of the man in moral excellence. The man whose mind lies waste and uncultivated, rank with pre judice, dark and sluggish through ignorance, is much more likely to become the slave of passion and appetite than the man who contemplates the ob jects of nature around him with a discerning eye, who perceives with admiration the harmony of its parts, the skill and efficiency and aptness of its contrivances who sees, as his sphere of observation extends, new wond.rs continually opening upon him in increasing abundance and surpassing his comprehension, til', lost in light ineffable, he is com pelled to feel and acknowledge his own insignificance in the scale of creation, and to adore that unsearchable power and intelligence which governs the universe. (The Lord Provost conclud, d by giving " The - Philosophical Institution," which was received with great applause, and drunk with all the honours.) The Archbishop of Durinisr, who was loudly cheered, proposed. as the next toast, "The Cause of Education." His speech was very much a recapitulation of the one de livered by his Grace at the Manchester Athenaeum. The Right lion. T. B. MACAULAY, on presenting himself to propose the next toast, was most loudly cheered. When the cheering had subsided, he said— Ladies and Gentlemen, I thank you from my heart for this kind reception. I have thought it right to steal a short time from dutit s not unimportant, for the purpose of lending my nid to an undertaking eminelitly calcu lated to raise the credit and promote the best interests of the city which has so many claims on my gratitude.— (Cheers.) Tice directors of this institution have re cuested me to propose to you, as a toast, " The Litera ture of Britain ' ( ( lheers.) They could not have assigned to me any part in these proceedings more per fectly in harmony with the view which I take of the nature and obj. eta of this institution.—(Cheers.) It is, I conceive, an institution for the purpose of imparting knowledge, chiefly through the medium of our own language and of our own literature. Your c it y i s _ already learnia Ji a c a n d in a l s ib a rar s i e e a s t woofrithayrisopfrah.denrenfifca:m.deinaAgs a a ees maneesa access to ot o of f letters can have no difficulty still wanting. We still wanted . important, that respect able many and o f learningo fmany fi countries.l led w h i e t hrae thelibrary Butvr a a rryi somethinge d wisdom readily wa was cessible to that large, that b no means highest of y bdty to the powers compelled by the pressure daily avoc ati rn n eot s cif)eos t sus o eganrhs c ili onfine its studies almost isol a nai f b :e l eg e nreeadxn c leci l dalu a u.a s s los which, eshi butiyytoy:pte. e o ri f tirely to our own language. For that class I will not b the directors d conceive rec tors iwill especially, n o t be this satisfied, s a member shall certainly not be satisfied, until we pos sess a truly rich and complete collection of English d h e a e y r sao)mp—eunus amusement.—(Cheers.) not alln is h ct i p m he ce p t r s ys s e. valuablei )nr b ss y l to e ttcohal t ak o a:pes. seek in vain on our shelves for any English book which is valu able either by reason of the substance, or by reason of any light which it may throw on our civil, ecclesiastical, intellectual, or social history—a collection of everything in the English language which can afford useful instruc tion l r e a o c t t r u i o r n e harmless r ( e C a mentioned, I am disposed oerlxddt roaror t nr o o(olvti e on x saatrt7pher aea sss present countAv anl valued e d hf whenroise those rare friend, ay t h teahoi Lord striki,pgly alluded. We must, indeed, remember that it is not‘impossible that some great genius, qualified to en r:t.imcmhpeirfee o our literature with durable wor k s , or to exten d t h e feel minanouorvflribrmaaryttetrh, the consciousness s p e o i s e s u i s b n ly ess fo of r the first powers yet undeveloped.—Cheers.) It is not impossible that in our reading-room the first thought of something great may cross the mind of some Herschel, Watt, or Ark wright ; but I speak not of these rare and peculiar cases. What I do anticipate is, that through the whole of that valuable class whose benefit we have peculiarly in view, there will be produced a general intellectual, and