The Sun. — London, England, 1852-08-31 00:00:00

fouxtb IBtittion SUN OFFICE, Seven o' Cloth. FRAN CE. The Conztitutionnel has the following on the c om mercial relations between . France and Germany For some time p ast seriously thinking persons have been occupied with the approaching opportuneness of a commercial and customs treaty between France and Germany. This is an idea which will gain ground, for it responds to the tendencies of the present epoch. It is th ere fore necessary to begin to state the commercial moven sent of France with the German Customs Association. Eng:land and France had already accomplished their industrial re volution, while Germany still struggled against the i nva sion of fresh discoveries. Our neighbours beyon,t the Rhine have long regarded machines as dangerous i riven tons, and they have not consen t e d to change their mode of production except in face of the most evident neces sity; but when once in the path of innovations, they have persevered with that patience which is one c•f the features of the German character. It is more pa rticu larly by the establishment of the Zollvereln that Germany has shown her resolution to take rank among commercial Powers. That great institution has rendered to the States associated in it the same services as did the abolition of the internal barriers in oar French provinces in 1789. It is from 2833, the year of the formation of the Zollverein, that the impetus given to German industry takes date. The prin cipal. merchants and manufacturers of Prussia, Ba and Saxony then began the excellent custom of meeting together periodically, in order to discuss their cot a.mon interests. The press published an account of every new and ingenious process. The most eminent men di d not disdain to examine into the difficulties of manufactures. Not only did M. de Reden publish in 1844 his remark able work on the commerce and manufactures of Ger many, he took on himself to procure samples of the linen made in Ireland; he compared them with similar ar titles made in Silesia and Westphalia; he ascertained the e spective prices of one and the other, and sent those Isa m plea to all the great manufacturers of the count ry. These and other similar efforts soon placed Germany as a producing country immediately next to England, France, and the United States. The consider tible developments of German industry are proved by the tables of the commerce of France with the Zoll verein. Although the figures which we are about to put forward only express the official value of our special trade with Germany, they are, 1% , ow ever, very significative, and deserve serious con sideration. In 1820 we exported directly into Prussia and the rest of Germany 96,202,1881. wor m erchandise. In 1840 the am o un t fell to 48,662, 000 f. of In 1848 it was only 35,852,0001., but rose again a is in 1849, when it was 42,357,000 f. Thus, in the. sr the ac of 30 years, the total amount of our e xports t States of the Zollverein has diminished byothhe:°;biaDlif.: During this same period from 1820 to 1 849 follow ed an porta from Germany into France a f 40 firstthey ose to upward course. From 23,538,28.5• They 47,981,000 f. in 1840, and to 59,38 0 , 00 d in 1849 re tu nod 1820,1 842. then fell to 49,551,000 f. in 1847, to 29,980,000 E, nearly the same a a s n in 18 9 0 The portation into France of German produce has there fore remained about satioflary. The ensemble of our di rest remained about stationary , exchange with Prussia and Germany 3 wss 119,940,0 47f, in 1820; in 18 49 it was only I 3 37,00 f. Such are the facts which it was i m portant to establish o before seeking on what bases commercial transactious between Faa nce and Germany must be henceforth regulated. Every wae will understand that the treaty must be of such a nat ;are that both countr ies shall find their accoun: in it; :he balance between concessions and compensations must be equal." THE LONDON GAZETEE, (THIS EVENING.) D OWNING-STREET, AUG. 30, 1852. The Queen has been pleased to appoint William Arrin dell, Esq— to be Chief Justice of the Colony of British Gill/ . ma ; and Robert R. Craig, Esq., to be her Majesty's Attorney- General, and John Lucie Smith, Esq., to be her Maje sty's. Solicitor-General, for that Colony. CROWN -OFFICE, AUG. 30. NENBERS RETURNED TO SERVE IN THE PARLIA.XENT SUMMONED TO BE HOLDEN AT WESTMINSTER, U N -- - - FRIDAY THE 20TH DAY OF AUGUST, 1852. Counts of Antrim—Edward William Pakenham, Esq.,, of Langford Lcdge ; George Macartney, Esq., of LissanoNve Castle, both in the said county. Borough of Beifast—Richard Davidson, Esq., of the Abb in the county of Antrim ; Hugh ISPCalmont Cairns, Esq.,, o f New-square, Lincoln's Inn, in the county of Middlesi 3X, Barrister at Law. Borough of Lisburn— Sir James Emerson Tennent, Tint. Town of Carrickfergus—Wellington Henry Stapleton Cat. • ton, Esq., commonly called the Honourable Wellingt Henry Stapleton Cotton . County of Armagh—Sir William Verner, Bart., o f Churchill, in the said county of Armagh ; James Molyne' Caulfield, Esq., of Hockley, in the said county of Armagt L. Borough of Armagh—Ross Stephenson, Esq. County of Carlow—John Ball, Esq.. of Saint Stephen 'a - green, in the county of the city of Dublin; Henry Brut :r 1, Esq., of Oak Park, in the county of Carlow. Borough of Carlow—Jahn Sadleir, Esq., of Great DE - mar k-street, in the county of the city of Dublin. County of Cavan—Sir John Young, Bart., of Beuliel )c - rough Castle ; the Hon. James Pierce Maxwell, of Farnha J 1 1, both in the said county of Cavan. County of Clare—Sir John Foster Fitz Gerald, K.C.8., a f Worthing. in the county of Sussex, in England; Come! O'Brien, Esq., of Birchfield, in the county of Clare. Borough of Ennis—Johu David Fitz Gerald, Esq., one o f her Majesty's Counsel, of Merrion-square, in the city o f Dublin. County of Cork—Edmund Burke Roche, Esq., of Tra - bolgan House, in the county of Cork, aforesaid; Vince.n t Scully, Esq., of No. 13, Merrion-square South, in the ci of Dublin. Borough of Bandon-bridge—The Honourable Fran, zi t Bernard, commonly called Lord Viscount Bernard, of Cas th Bernard, in the county of Cork. Borough of Kinsale—John Isaac Heard, Esq., of Kin& iLe aforesaid. Borough of Mallow-Sir Denham Jephson Norreys, Bat t. , of Mallow Castle, in the county of Cork. Borough of Youghall-Isaac Butt, Esq., Barrister-at-La w , of Leeson street, in the county of the city of Dublin. City of Cork-Francis Stack Murphy; William Fagan. _ County of Donegal-Sir Edmund Samuel Hayes, Bart., of Drumboe Castle; Thomas Conolly, Esq., of Cliff, both ii:i the county of Donegal. County of Down-The Hon. Arthur Edwin Hill, col n plonly called Lord Edwin Hill, of Norwood Park, Southwi 11, in Nottinghamshire ; David Stewart Ker, Esq., of Montal to, in the said county of Down. dinge. Borough of Downpatrick-The Hon. Charles Stewart Ht m ull: o Borough of Newry-William Kirk, Esq., of Annevale, in the of Armagh. County . bottaton, of hc Dublin-James Hans Hamilton, Esq., of A b.. Lieutenn the county of Dublin ; Thomas Edward Tayl. )r, City u °!9uel, of Ardgillon Castle, in the said county. .. College of T e -Edward Grogan, Esq. • John Vance, Et ;q„ Hamilton, Esq ; the Trinity, Dublin -George Alexan( lei • . G.au ßight Hon. Joseph Napier, her Al a j esty's Attorney' eral for Ireland. County of Ferma n ervyn Archdale, Esq., of Rive; !si. - dale, in the county of Bart., of Colebrookeenmanagh ; Sir Arthur Brinsl el, in the county of Fermanagh. Borough of Enniskillen-1 es Whiteside, Esq., her Mn - jesty's Solicitor-General forllhraoind._ County of Galway-Sir y ; comas Arthur Bart., of Marble bill, in the county of Galwa Arthur Bellew, Esq., of Mount Bellew House, in the coumntas Town of Galway-Anthony o , Fi ala y er o t f Galway. 'BloafkKe,nEosccik: bane, in the county of Galway ; AlartinJosEapal of Ballyglannin Park, in the said county of County of Kerry-Henry Arthur Herbert, ErY* s Abbey, in the county of Kerry ; v q, o f Browne, Esq., of Kenmare House, the Killarn a e l y e , n t leEuM u ag stt; county of Kerry. B oro ugh of Tralee-31 aunceO'Connell, Esq., s'.,, , Derry_ nen% in the said county of Kerry. County of Kildare - William Henry Ford Cogan, t eq.; David O'Connor Henchy , Eacl• County of Kilkenny.-William Shee, Sergeant at Law, f of Kilkenny • John Greene, ° Thomastown, in the county of Greeneville, in the county of Kilkenny. of Inch la City of Kilkenny-Michae l Sullivan, Esq., orLse,, in the county of Kilkenny. King's County-Patrick O'Brien , Esq., of Merrion-square, in the city "f Dublin ; Loftus H. Bland, Esq., of blends ford, in the Queen's County. County of Leitrim-Hugh Lyons Montgomery , E s q ., of Belhavel, in the county of Leitrim • John Brady,sq., of Blackfriars-road, in the borough of Sou thwark, ' in the county of Surrey, England. County of Limerick-William Monsell, Esq., of Tervoe, in the county of Limerick ; Wyndham Goold, Esq., of Athed, in the county of Limerick. City of Limerick-Robert Potter, Esq., of the city of Lime-- tisk; Francis William Russell, Esq., of the city of Limerick. County of Londenderry-Thomas Bateson, Esq., of Bel- Bova?ir-ark, in the county of Down ; Theobald Jones, of gh House, in the county of Londonderry, Captain in the l ai ty Nav Y* Bak; o f f of th Londonderry- Sir Robert Alexander Ferguson, ! Borough e Farm, in the liberties of Londonderry. ~ Boutlaw Coleraine-The Right Honourable Richard I town, in the ßourke commonly called Lord Naas, of Palmers- County of co unty _ of Kildare. Zichard 11/ 4tx _i_Jougford-Fulke Scuthwell Gre - ille, Esq. ; County of l l , l Fox, Esol• House, in sa i d. touth-chichester Fortescue, Esq.. of Red street, in the countytl ; Tristram Kennedy, Esq., of Henrietta liathe city of Dublin. Borough of D park, in the county of 13 crorge Bowyer, Esq., of Ridley- Town of Drogheda-t B, England. the county of Meath. arc s ADCann, Esq., of Staleen, in County of Mayo-Georg e hall, in the county of Mayo; Henry Moore, Esq., of Moore. Esq., of Glencorriel, in the count George Gore Ousely Higgins, County of Meath-Frederick iti°,...t May o. street, in the county of the city of - 15; ib - L.'scl. , of Hardwick- 1 ty of Meath. 1 Corbally, Esq., of Corbaiton Hall, in thelc'n; Matthew Elias I County of Monaghan-Charles Powellout, Glasslough, in the county of Monagh -an ; s ir e t , Esq., of : tic, Bart., of Coolderry, in the county of m ot , ()I 'ge Fors- 1 Queen's County-Sir Charles Henry Coots, B art lyfm House, in the Queen's county ; Michael --,, Of Bal ',Dane, E N., of Ballymany, in the Queen's county. Borough of Portarlington-Lieutenant-Colonel Francis Plunket Dunne, of Britta s, in the Queen's Count y , County of Roscommon-Fitzstephen French, Esq,, _,. Frenchpark, in the county o f Roscommon; Oliver f)„,,41' John Grace, Esq., of Mantua , i n the said count y of Ros.. common. County of Sligo-Sir Robert Gore Booth, Bart.,7of Liss a _ dell, in the.county of Sligo aforesaid ; Richard Swift, Esq., of Hanover-t-rrace, Regent's-park, in the county - of Middlesex. Borough of Sligu-Ch 1 . in the county of Lancas'aerre- Towneley, Esq., of Towneley, =County of Ti pperary -Francis 's Scully, of Esq., of Athassal ; games Sadlier, mum City of Clonacody,Cashel-s_ both in the Countyof .Tippe..rary... Dublin, Bart. ir Timothy O'Brien, of the city of Borough of Clonro Priaritimo B:ack Rock, el ...Th th e e Honourable Cecil Lawless, of County of Tyrone-Th Right count Y of Dublin. Lowry Corry, of Castlecoole, • e Honourable Henry Thomas . the Right 'Honourable Clatdel l t i he County of Fermanagh ; Lord Clatid Hamilton, of NO arailton, commonly called 19, Eaton-square, in the county of Middlesex, in England. I commoraßorougyh called D th u n e g H an o n n oz a r i _ i IL" Stuart Knox, Esq., u'u Wp m Stuart Knox. THE SUN, County of Waterford—Nicholas L{ahon Power, Esq., of Truthley House • John Esmonde, Esq , of Pa rabrokestown, both in the county of Waterford. Borough of Dimgarvan—John Francis M`Guire, Esq., of No. 4, Grenville-place, in the city of Cork. City of Waterford—Thomas Meagher„lisq., of Vie:Mall, in ' the county of the city of Waterford. aforesaid; Robert Keat ing, Esq., of Garraulea, in the county Tipperary. County of Westmeath—Willian Henry Megan, Esq., of Clonearl, in the King's County ; William Pollard Urqu hart, Esq., of Kanturk, in the county of Westmeath. Borough of Athlone--William Keogh, Esq., of No. 05, Rutland-square West, in the city of Dublin. County of Wexford—Patrick Mac Mahon, Esq., of the city of London •, John George, Esq., of Cahore House, in the county of Wexford. Borough of Wexford —John Thomas Devereux,' Esq., of Rocklands, ha the county of Wexford. Borough of Yew Ross—Charles Gavan Duffy, Esq., of Waltham-terrace, in the county of Dublin. County of Wicklow —William Thomas Spencer Wentworth Fitzwilliam, comm only called Viscount Milton ; William Wentworth ' Fitzwilliam Hume, Esq. of Humewood, in the county of Wicklow. ADMIRALTY, Aux. 20. Corps of Royal Marines—Gentlemon Cadet Henry Day Rybot to be Second Lieutenant. Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Rutlandshire. George Fludyer, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Aug. 26. Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Northumber landshire. The Right AHug. I. Hon. Sir George Grey, Bart ., Lieutenant, to be Deputy Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the County Pa latine of Lancashire. John Rigby, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Aug. 24. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Surrey. Royal Surrey Militia—Lieutenant -Colonel William Holme Sumner to be Colonel of the let Regiment of the Royal Surrey Militia, vice James Bogie Delap, de- ceased. b and Chaddesden Troop . of Derbyshire Der y Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant Derbyshire, Yeo manry Edward Eardley Wily ot, Esq., to Cavalry—Cornet John Gilbert Crompton to be Lieutenant; Robert b C y ro t m h pton, pro.moted, Aug. 27. e Lord-Lieutenant of Yorkshire. be Commissions s e East York Militia —Charles Thornton Duesbury to be EHnesnirgn v i ce Colin Watson, resigned, A ug . 20 ; Willi am 'Ward to be Ensign, vice Joh n S m i t h , d ecease d ; John Milner to be Surgeon, vice Matthew Chalmers, RUPTCY SUPERSEDED. d e ceased, Aug. 501. Thomas Lindfield, l ci t . jun., builder, Stanhope-street, Taampstera James Hurn, miller, Gedney-hill, Lincolnshire. BANKRUPTS. William Hoare, builder, Manor-place, Walworth road, to surrender Sept. 6, at two, and Oct. 15, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Lee, Regent-square, St. Pancras. George Battersby, victualler, Turnham-green, Mid dlesex, Sept. 13, at half-past twelve, and Oct. 12, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, official assignee, Abchurch-lane; Gammon, Cloak-lane. Henry Tainsb, dealer in Bibles, Hatton-garden, Sept. 13, at half-past two, and Oct. 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom, :official assignee, Abchurch lane, King William-street; Digby, Circus-place, Fins bury-circus. Thomas Spurging, victualler, Road-side, Mile End road. Sept. 13, at two, and Oct. 12, at 12, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Sambrook court, Basinghall-street; Roberts, Barge-yard-chambers, Bucklersbury. Robert Fulkes, ironmonger, Park-street, Camden town, Sept. 13, at half past one, and Oct. 12, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Sambrook -court, Basinghall- street; Surr and Gribble, Lombard-street; Oxley, Rotherham, Yorkshire. Howard James and Thomas James, millers, Rushall mills, Staffordshire, Sept. 23, and Oct. 5, at half-past eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Whitmore, official assignee, Birmingham; Reece, Birmingham. Frederick Wale, draper, Leicester, Sept. 10 and Oct. 8, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court, Notting ham. Bittleston, official assignee, Nottingham; Hawker, Leicester; Hodgson, Birmingham. Edwin Henry Griffin, merchant, Liverpool, Sept. 13 and October 13, at eleven, at the Liverpool District Court. Morgan, official assignee, Liverpool ; Ewer Liverpool. , John Craven, grocer, Birkenhead, Cheshire, Sept. 9 and Oct. 8, at eleven, at tht Liverpool District Court. B.rd, official assignee, Liverpool; Evans, Liverpool. INSOLVENT DEBTORS. W. Richards, pieman, New Cut, Lambeth. J. M'Cartney, traveller, Minerva-terrace, Islington. E. Grant, dairywoman, Bedford-street, Str an d. A. W. Darling, collector of rents, Stanley-street, Chelsea. H. F. Wood, attorney•at-law, Crescent -terrace, Millbank. J. Siely, clerk to a brewer, St. Pancras. J. Robson, farm labourer, Additcomb, Surrey. J. R. Porter, lodging house keeper, Howard-street, Strand. E. Drewry, manager at a brewery, Southampton-place, Cambeileell. C. Somers, Pauiton. square, Chelsea. W. Masoujourneyman optician, Edmunds-place, Alders- gate-street. H. Reeve, assistant to a surgeon, Morton-terrace, Kentish-town. G. Davies, horse-keeper, Barnet-grove. Bethnal-green. E. Verity, spinster, Montagne-street, Portman-square. G. J. Murray, furniture commission agent, Devonshire street, Bloomsbury. COURSE OF EXCH, Ainuerd. •• •. 11 19% Ditto, three months .. 12 1 Rotterdam .... ••.. • • 12 13t Antwerp .... 25 52% Rrassels • • . 25 52% Hamburgh • .... ••.. • • 13 9),, Altona • ••.. • • Paris, 3 daye'sw,hl, 25 30 Ditto, 3 months ... , 25 52% Marseilles 52 56 Frankiorton liable.. • . 121 k • • , Vienna, effec. 11 59 Trieste, ditto.... • • 12 0 Petersburgh• • 37% Madrid • • •• . • ..... 49% Cadiz • • ..... .... Barcelona •• • • • • —..............— 5evi11e................ - e•• •• •• •4 •• •• •• •• ANGE.-(THIS DAY.) Leghorn ........ ••.. • • 30 61 Gemoa •• • • • 25 65% Milan •.-••• • • .• • Ira Venice........ • • • • .... Naples ...... • • ...... 41% Palermo, p eroz 123% Messina 123% Lisbon,. • ... 53% Oporto— • • • 53% Rio Janeiro Buenos Ayres New York, 60 clays'sigt t Philadelph.la .......... I , IIICES 07 BULLION, PER oz. Foreign Gold in bars .. X 3 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin 0 0 0 3panish Doubloons .. 0 0 0 New Dollars •• .. 0 4 10% Silver in bars ........ 0 5 0% MARKET IN TEL LIGEN CE. (From the London New Price Current, Aug. 31.) SUGAR.-To-day, in consequence of importers of West India Sugar accepting prices equal to those of Friday last, a good business was concluded in both grocery and refining qualities. The purchases amounted to 809 hhds, &c., including at auction 355 hbds 17 tre s and 5 2 brls Barbadoes, which went as follows:-Brown at 29s to 30s 6d; low yellow 31s to 325, mid 32s 6d to 345, good mid 34s 6 , 1 to 355, good 35s 6d to 375; 422 hhds 15 tres and 155 brls St. Lucia, very low brown 26s to 275, better sorts 28a 6d to 30s 6d, low to mid yellow 31s to 33s 6d, and good at 34s to 35e per cwt. REFINED.-To-day large purchases were made in Refined Sugar for home consumption; still no advance was produced; brown lumps selling at 43s to 43s 6d, and low to fine grocery at 44s to 45s 6d. For Crushed Sugar the export are small, and there are sellers rather under previous rates. MAURITIUS.-This afternoon some parcels of Mauri tius Sugar were sold by private treaty, stiil former rates were accepted for all sorts. EAST INDIA.-This afternoon there was a good de mand for Madras sugar, and at public sale 7,812 bags sold at stiffer rates. Fine and good grainy w hi te went at 40s to 41s 6d, good to fine grainy Mellow, 37s to 40s, middling 35s to 36s 6d, common 33s 6d to 345, and brown 30s to 335. Bengal is wanted, and the rates ob tained were fully equal to those of Friday. At auction 1,028 bags were sold-low to middling whit© Benares at 34a to 35s 6d, good to fine 36s to 38s 6d, damp and washed 36s 6d to 375, fine and good grainy yellow 38s attention f to 40, , middling to good like Mauritius 32s to 33s 6d, one Us to 355, good to fine soft yellow 30s to 32s per wt., l'oltnraN.-To-day Foreign Sugar attracted little _ s s o t r the continent or United Kingdom, al thoegi, fine yellow u a y t° p a ii e were sellers of floating cargoes and duty was parcelssubraitterdatber under the rates of Friday. None public sale. A small cargo of very m 0 ,468319. annuli was sold as 24s for an out port. West India There is still a reluctance to operate in Antigua can ras prices are. Barbadoes and m oderate St. Kitt's, 12s to la s t.te ai :i ed a t 143 to 15 s, St. Lucia and I dally of better sor ts of angel Il here is a fair su pply, es p e - Iparcels have been sold n a n d M auritius, only small a nd Cuba 138 6d to at 123 to 12s 6d. Porto Rico 152 6d gre ater demand, West Indir r et ewt. Tam arinds are in 43 India 7 s to 12s. Honey i s i n t ? l ; ir to 40s, and East A t 355, to 545, Cuba 32a to 40s, audN re b q uest, Jamaica °lane 50a to 60a per cwt. COFFEE -This afternoon Plantation Ceylon full rates, and met with a good home trade demand. realized auction 240 casks, 160 brls, and 80 bags were ninealaardl. At disposed of, low mid to mid went at 54a to 578, j all fine ord 51s to 53s 6d, other sorts 49s to 50,, pea berr y 603 to 675, and triage 43s to 48s. Moch a met with m. no advance at w-- m ore attention, still there is . present. A t auction 150 bales and 100 hf bales were sold at 74 8 Gd to 77s 6d for mid and good clean garbled. In Nati ve .little was done privately, still good ord is not offered under 43s ed per cwt. TEA.-In low and common Conon large transactions :have taken place both for shipping and home consump tion;d is the prices paid for sound are 8 d to 83-d per lb, and there is a firm market. At present there no rise for blackish I sorts, yet a good demand 'exists , rat he r I led to blackish leaf at 9d to 100, strong and Pekoe sork9 lld to Is 6d per lb. In Souchong s everal pur sehafes have been made, and previous terms are well sustaried low to mid selling at 8d to is , g ood I to fine s ld to is 10d; of the better supply is scanty. For Oolong there is a firm market, a nd a _ _ good d eman d ex i sts, i n f er i or and m id a t 8d to Tis goat. to fine is to Is Bd. Of clean Pouchong supply 1 barely sufficient for the demand, and rates range firm at dto 'lid, A brisk true and C demand has been experienced for t n yßon, and anton Young Hyson, common and medium being rathergood to fine G un p ow d er , t h e rates o b ta i ne d ton Gupowd above those existing p rev i ous l y; b ut Can low n er ter V mat with little a tt ent i on, and rather ms are accepted. F u ll p r i ces are required for Imperial, at the present rrders are email. Th e f ollowing are generaln yson areis o quotations for Green T eas -l ow to mid choice 2s 4d to id to is 2d, good t o fi ne i s 3d to Es 3d, I Hyson kind ls to 10d, Young Hyson C anton 8d to Ild, I Twankay iod to o i ts 7d, fine and superior Is 8d to 2a 2d, son sort is 3d to qs'i Gunpowder Canton lid t o I s, Hy 10dto is Id , Eysentor d, fine 23 8d to 3s 6d, Imperial C anton Is. There is yet no t is 2d t o 2 e 2d, an d Hy son s ki n 6d to though a good demand advance f or Fl ower y P e k oe , al -9d to 3s 4d for fine, a n d ls exists,2 the rates accepted are Is the supply being ample. to is 8d for low to good, °Lily limited purchases have LONDON, TUESDAY been made in scented Orange Pekoe, and there are ; sellers of good to fine at is to is Bd, and inferior 9d to Caper is in plentiful supply, and orders being small prices keep on the decline, 6d to is 3d per lb having; plentiful supply of East India Rice, and home dea lers as well as ex porters being RICE. -day accepted there forscented. was a R reluctant to operate, prices slightly declined. Of 6,477 fboangnsa buyers-midn d 933 packets white Bengal, at 9 at s auction, t 9 i te s n , 6d barely good one i mid to d good 9s 6d to 10s, fine 103 to lOs 6d, damaged 7s 6d to 9a 6d. Of 3,686 bags Moulmein a small part only of the sound found buyers at 9s to 10s, and damaged at 5s to 9s 6d. Of Pearl Sago 695 chests sold at 17s to 18s per cwt., b e i n g moderate rates. COCOA.-Tho demand is on the increase for West India, and supplies having fallen off, stiffer rates are ob tained. Sales privately of Trinidad, good to fine red made at 37s to 445, low to mid 33s to 365, grey. 29s to 335, Grenada 28s to 345, and superior 35s to 36s per ow e. Foreign finds a more ready sale, and holders have confidence; Bahia and Para realize 25s to 265, and G uay quill 33s to 34s 6d per cwt. SPICES.-There is a more plentiful supply of Pimento. Of 700 bgs at auction not above one-half found buyers, good quality at 54cl to sld, low mid and mid sid to 54-d, and common 54d per lb. There is no further decline for Pepper; but privately operations have been small for all purposes-Allepy at 3id to 4d, Batavia 3id to 3id, Malabar aid ro 4id, Sumatra and Penang 34d to 34d per lb. Of 300 bags Malabar at auction a part only sold at 4ed for heavy. White is wanted, at present few parcels are on offer, and the rates paid privately are from 6d to 9d for com to fine. A fair business has been con cluded in Cayenne at ad to 10d, and fine is to is 3d. Pod Pepper is not pressed for sale; at present little is doing, and prices rule at 48s to 51s for low to mid, good to fine 60s to 70s per cwt. Of Nutmegs supply is not ade quate for the demand, and prices aro still improving; low to mid brown selling privately at 2s 3d to 2s 9d, good 2s 10d to 3s sd, fine 3s 6d to 45 2d, limed is ad to 2s 6d, and wild without the shell is 2d to 2s Bd. Mace is in small supply, and much in request, rates in consequence have further improved good to fine selling privately at 2s 7d to 2s 10d, and common to mid sound 2s 3d to 2s 6d. Cassia Lignea is less wanted, yet full terms are obtained supply not being larger. At public sale 100 cuts in part sold at 110 s to 118 s per cwt for pile one to three, damaged 94s to 106 s. For Cassia Buds high terms are obtained, and 35 cases at auction went at 81 4s to 8/ 10s. In Cassia Vona more doing privately at 30s to 355, and few parcels are on offer. Cloves are held with firmness, and orders are on the increase ; sales privately of Bourbon and African made at 6d to bid, Amboyna 7d to 7id, and Penang 10d to is per lb. Cin namon is not cheaper, yet only small orders have been executed ; Ceylon, first sort at is 8d to 2s ad, second ditto is 2d to is lid, and thirds is to is 6d. SPIRITS.-For E. I. Rum, prices have improved - Is 4)id to is 5d having been obtained for several par cels proof strength, and holders have confidence. Of Leeward Islands rates are on the advance, and rule at Is Sid to is 6d proof. In Demerara a large business has been concluded; at present no rise has been pro duced-33 to 40 per cent over proof selling at 2s to 2s 2d, and 28 to 30 over is 10d to is 11d. Jamaica is held with firmness. For superior marks 35 to 3 8 over proof, the rates paid have been 3s 4d to 3s 10d, fine 2s 9d to 3s 3d, good mid to good 32 to 35 over 2s 4d to 2s Bd, mid 32 to 34 ditto 2s ld to 2s 3d, low 26 to 28 over is 10d to 2s. Havanneh is more in request at is aid to is 4d proof. The demand for Brandy continues animated. Sa le ' of Cognac best Brands of the vintage of 1851h a a 4 v d, e been made at 4s lld to 5s Id, 1850 ditto 5s 2el to 5 1849 ditto 5s 8d to 5s 10d, older 6s to 6s 10d, low to mid sorts 3s 6d to 4s Bd, and Bordeaux 2s 3d to 25 hd• Deliveries for consumption remains of a satisfactory na ture. Orders for British made Spirit aro on the in crease, and there is a firm m a rk e t a t 9 s ad to es 9d for cash; Gin 22 under proof 8s 2d t o 8 s 3d, and 1 7 dit to 8s 8d to 8s 9d. G eneva i s i n goo d d eman d a t is 10d to 2s, and fine 2s 2d t o 2 s 6d per ga ll on; t h ere is no in crease of supply. COCHINEAL -There i s s till a re l uc t a nce to operate for ail purposes, and although only limited parcels have been brought forward since last Tuesday, prices again given way. The pr esen t va l ue of Honduras silvers 3s 8d to 4s, and bl ac k 4 s t o 5 s 3d, a nd Teneriffe 3s 9 d to 4s 4d. have India G o. decidedly- The hoonm the and e ine r exportease. Spanishdem an d is forin E ast small supply, and at pr e vio us ra t es th e re are several bu y ers ; the lower sorts are most wanted. The public sales an nounced are unimportant, and the demand is likely to be larger for all sorts of Indigo. bALTPETBE.-Importers have more confidence, and a n r o e n e s u h s a t a s n b s e d en , a s n u d b m p i r t i t v e a d t e t l e y p o u p b e l i r c a t s i a o l n e s th a is re w u e p ek on . a P m ri o c r e e s andex t e n m d a e d d r a e s sal 2 e 3 - a 1 6 0 d w t t o o 2 fi 6 n s e p C e r a lecwattt.a A a t fair 22 s sale6d t exists for British Refined at 29s to 29s ed per cwt. For Nitrate of Soda the demand has been only for small parcels at 143 6cl to 14s 9d, and a cargo at 14514 d. PaeoesioNs.-The demand for Irish butter has improved during the last few days, and prices have ceased to decline. For Carlow, Clon mel, and Kilkenny the rates obtained have been 73s to 75s ; Cork 72s to 748 ; Limerick 66s to 693, Sligo 63s to 725, and Waterford 69s to 74s per cwt. Foreigh has been operated in with caution, and supply being plentiful prices have declined. Friezland, fine selling at 763 to 78s, surplus and inferior 62s to 70s, Kempen and Zwolle, fine 72s to 745, Groningen 60s to 644. Emden and Leer 62s to 668, Holstein and Kiel 74s to 76s per cwt. The English Butter trade quiet, and having plentiful supply rates incline downwards; fine Dorset selling at 82s to 849, Devon 75s to 78s per cwt. and fresh 8s to lOs per dozen lbs. Irish small meat, Bacon, 56e to 625, heavy 52s to 58s, and Hamburgh sizeable 54s to 555, inferior 50s to 535. In Middles sales have aeon trifling, with sellers of Irish bale at 503 to 545, In Navy provisions operations are limited. There are sellers of Pork; Irish India at 71 10s to 81 per tierce, mess 80s to 85s per barrel; Beef American India 6/ lOs to 71 per tierce, prime mess 1003 to 120 s, and Ham burgh ditto 115 s to 1235. Hams aro dull of sale, and rates incline downwards; Irish selling at 60s to 689, and English 68s to 745. Lard is in good demand, and supply is small; sales of Irish bladdered made at 60s to 665, keg and firkin 56s to 595, Hamburgh 55s to 58s, and bladdered 63s to 659. Prices are not better for Cheese although a large demand exists. The value of Edam is 32s to 41s, gouda 29s to 375, Kanter 17s to 17s 6d, and American 30e to 33s for low to fine. OILS -Although there are sellers of Seal at a further reduction, operations have been upon a small scale; pale at 341 to 351, tinged 321 10s to 331, straw 321 to 321 ioa, and brown 301 to 311 lOs per tun; at auction 80 tune have been offered. Cod is cheaper, and purchases are limited at 321 lOs to 331. Southern met with little attention, and prices have declined, there being a more plentiful supply; sales of first sort have been made at 34/ to 34/ 103, second ditto 331 to 331 los, and dark 3015 s to 321 103; at auction 50 tuns were offered. Of East India Fish Oils, 200 hhds found buyers at 2615 s to 371 lOs for dark to good second quality. There is a quiet market for 'Sperm, and prices rule at 851 to 861 10s. Head matter is 871 to 90/. For Linseed Oil rates have declined to 29s for present delivery, and 27s 6d to 27s 9d for next three months. Cocoa Nut has met with more attention. At auction 450 packages were sold. Cochin at 335 6d to 355, Ceylon 32s 6d to 34s 6d, and Madras 30s to 325. Of East India Ground Nut 70 hhds realised 32/ 5s to 33/ lOs per tun. Palm 27s 6d to 29s for mid to fine. Rape Seed, brown 31s 6d to 325, refined 32a 6d, foreign 33s 6d. Lard Oil 52s to 54. A free sale exists for Olive. Gallipoli realised 51/ to 521, and other sorts 411 to 50/ per tun. TALLow.-The demand has been limited for Russian on the spot, and prices hare further declined, fine Yellow Candle having been currently disposed of at 38s 9d to 395, and new 39s 3d to 39s 6d per cwt. Town melted is not offered under 38s 6d cash. Other sorts of Tallow are cheaper ; but at auc tion 108 casks Australian were mostly disposed of; beef, good at 37s to 38s, low to fine mutton 35s 9d to 39s 3d; 500 casks, &c., South American, 33s 6d to 38s 6d; 44 cks Belgian 38s to 32s 3d; 10 cks Italian 36s to 363 9d; and 13 cks East Indian 385 to 36s 6d per cwt. DIRECT TAXATION.—PROPERTY OR INCOME-TAX. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING CHRONICLE. Sir,—ln discussing the question of a tax on property or income, it is, I think, necessary at the outset to de termine upon which the tax is to be levied. Until this is done, it is useless to enter into such discussions as those of Messrs. Warburton and Farr, as given in their evidence before the Income-tax Committee, an extract from which you published in your paper of th e 25th instant. If the tax is to be one upon property, then we should require the aid of our be)t accountants and actuaries to teach us how to come at the real value of our property, and to settle its relative taxable value. But, from what we have already seen amongst men learned in figures, I fear the task would be a difficult one. If the tax is to be one upon income, then we should simply have to take the next income, and have the same per centage deducted from all, irrespective of the source from which it is derived. t a x A l l l ev t i a e x a e s u , p d o i n r e cc, in t c o o r m i e n d d i i r r e ec t tly a r e i s , t a l x c e o s n o t e n i nd n , c t o h m e e . mostA just, as te changegs the amount of it must vary just in proportion t o t r h e e a laisci e 9ula r t of the ann ua l income. A tax levied upon p operty, although ostensibly levied upon pro perty, 1 P l 5 in reality an indirect tax upon income, with the P of not accommodating itself so readily to value of disadva nta which must consfantly take place in th e The sir r oarty and i ncome . that from propertcy7"lerived from a man's brains and quite a falla c i ous one . P roperty would soon cease toP d uro ct us a taxes alike a th e i n ed against an income-tax, that it p d r Aop produce o u p p e r e e o r fteyssio l do not see that we can sepa income, a u n s d es no longer. for the the house ho lives in, and stonily working upon it a:snaaxl, were it nkontowfolredmgiendiscoans of the State just as rate the two. both will bear taxing There appears to be at the move in favour of direct taxation ; l m on u g eh as re th al e i c present an An i ome n t a decided well to discover a sound principe to guide t oid would be as vv,- go too far, so that every change made sheallul!:ebienfohe re right direction. The question is still an ope n t one, and I should like to see thoai gentlemen who are now' dis cussing the relative values of different incomes, gi v i ng the;r attention to the fi,llowing points ; Whether direct taxation is preferable to indirect ? Whether a tax upon property or income is the most di rect ? Whether there ought to be any exemption ? To arrive at the net incerne, whit are the allowances whi c h ou g ht t o h e made off different trades or professions ? This settled, we could then go further, as to the amount of rate to be levied, and to wnat extent we could get rid of the present cystern of indirect taxation. I remain, sir, yours respectfully, Old Kent road, Aug. 28, 1852. J. A. LYON. Si alElani AUG. 28....51d. SPQrting La " , Australia' EVENING, AUGUST 31, 185; tained, and which, amongst other things, it is the object of the inquiry to determine and adjust. The allottees, with some exceptions, have proved their title to the allotments, and the amount of back rent to be paid by them will have to be determined. EXPLOSIOIVS IN COAL MINES. The Select Committee appointed last session to inquire into the causes of the frequency of explosions in coal mines, with a view to prevent the appalling loss of life arising from them, and who were em powered to report their observations, together with the minutes of evidence taken before them, to the House, have considered the matters to them referred, and agreed to the following report : " Your Committee had in the first place to consider how best, in the short space of time permitted them in the present session, so to prosecute their inquiry as that some early advantage might be derived from it to that numerous class which is employed in the coal mines of Great Britain. "It they had consented to receive evidence from every quarter from which it was tendered, not only would the whole of their time have been occupied in the examination of witnesses only, without an opportunity being afforded to them of offering any conclusions of their own, but the . evidence would have been of that voluminous character which renders it practically useless. " Your Committee, therefore, considering the pressing emergency of the matter committed to their charge, how deeply the interests of humanity were involved (the deaths from explosions having latterly increased to the fearful number of about 1,000 per annum), determined only to examine witnesses of the highest and most expe rienced character, in the hope that they might be able to derive sound information on which to recommend ad ditional means for the prevention of such widespread calamities during the present session, " They were the more induced to adopt this course from the circumstance of a Committee of the House of Commons having inquired into the subject in 1835 (Mr. Peace chairman), and of a Committee of the House of Lords (Lord Wharncliffe chairman), having repeated the inquiry in 1849; and of a great mass of evidence having been published by those Committees. " Bat early in their sittings, the report from the South Shields Committee, appointed to investigate the causes of accidents in coalmines,' was brought under their notice; to which report the attention of the House of Lords' Committee was also directed in 1848. On examination, this report proved to be a repertory of in formation, so extensive, important, and apparently so accurate, that it seemed to supersede in a measure the necessity of examining very numerous witnesses. This committee was appointed by a public meeting in South Shields, held in consequence of the dreadful loss of life by the explosion of the St. Hilda Mine, in 1839, close to that town. It continued its labour for three years; visited in person various mines, com municated with many of the most scientific and prac tical men of the day, at home and abroad, and terminated its labours by that report. " The first witnesses, therefore, summoned by your Committee, were the chairman of the South Shields Committee, Mr. Ingham, late member for that borough, and Mr. Mather, its honourary secretary, to authenticate the accuracy of that report. The result was satisfactory. To the evidence especially of Mr. Mather, whose labours in this interesting cause of humanity are worthy of the highest praise, they beg to refer. So much value do your Committee attach to this document that they have added it in eaten.so in an appendix to their report. " The Committe of the House of Commoes, in 1835, called public attention to the undue confidence that hitherto had been placed in the Davy lamp; suggested that reliance should chiefly be placed for security on in creased ventilation ; and concluded by expressing the hope that the evidence they published would stimulate to such increase. It is to be regretted that so little at tention was paid to those beneficial suggestions. " From the Committee of the House of Lords ema nated a recommendation fur a Government inspection of mines, which has since been adopted. The inse curity of the Davy lamp, under particular circum stances, was implied. They report—' Better ventila lation, however, appears to be the improvement most generally needed and most to be aimed at.' They state, in addition, that the mines of Scotland are compara tively free from danger from explosion. To this a me lancholy contradiction has been given by the calamitous tragedy, last year, of the Nitshill colliery explosion, near Glasgow; and by the statement of the Government inspector of that district, Mr. M. Dunn, in a late report to the Secretary of State, in which ho says that the de partment of Scotland exhibits a greater success ion of ac cidents, in proportion to the number of persons employed, than in England.' " The Committee of the House of Lords refers also with some stress, among other plans, to the proposal to increase ventilation by means of the steam jet. This plan had hcen suggested by Mr. Goldsworthy Gurney , its inventor, to the Committee of 1/335. It is the system al most exclusively relied on by the South Shields Com mittee in their report for increased security from ex plosion. " Having considered, therefore, the labours of those who have preceded them, as well in reports of Com mittees of the two Houses as in those of inspectors and others; and having verified the authenticity of the South Shields report; and having discovered that nothing new upon the subject appears to have been elicited since the report of the south Shields Committee, except on some important conditions connected with ven tilation pointed out by Mr. Gurney before the Lords' Committee, as to what he termed the furnace limit,' and the formation of a natural brattice,' and the furnace paradox;' and all these reports having leaned to the conclusion that increased ventilation was the only true and secure means for the prevention of explosions, your Committee determined, if possible within the limits of the present session, to bring the matter and the means of increased ventilation to some more practicable issue than that to which it had hitherto been brought; end for the conclusions to which they have come, they beg to refer to the very interesting evidence which they now publish. " Your Committee are of opinion— " That any system of ventilation depending on com plicate machinery is unadvisable, since under any dis arrangement or fracture of its parts the ventilation is stopped or becomes less efficient. " That the two systems which alone can be considered as rival powers are the furnace and the steam jet. " The furnace system, under favourable circumstances, 1.. e. of the area of the shafts being large and de e p , the air-courses sufficient, the goaves (or old workings) well insulated, and the mine not very fiery, appears to be capable, with strict attention, of producing a current of air that will afford reasonable security f rom explosion; but when the workings aro fiery and nume rou s as well as remote, and the intensity of the furnace or furnaces requires to be raised in order to increase , on any parti cular emergency, the amount of ventilation, then the fur nace not only refuses to answer the spur a nd to increase ventilation, but from a natural law (discovered by Mr. Gurney, and scientifically and practically confirmed be fore your Committee), there arises a dangeroas stoppage to the ventilation going on throughout the mi , ne. An explanation of this is given under the heads Natural Brattice,' and Furnace Limit,' in the' Technical Defi nitions and Explanations' at the foot of this report. Under the head of Furnace Paradox' will be shown the importance of the water gauge as a test of the drag of the mine which produces the furnace limit under the furnace system. " To the powers of the steam jet, on the other hand, there appears to be no practical li mit ; for although it acts, when placed (where recommended) at the bottom of the upcast as a rarefier to the extent of the steam used, and fire und er the boiler, its principa l or direct efficiency depends upon its power of propulsion. The heated air not only rises from rarefaction, but any amount of cold air can be bodily pushed up the upcast, t, the amount merely depending on the nu mber and size ofjets em ployed, and the pressure of steam. " This power of the steam jet, although recommended so strongly by the South Shields Committee, in 1843, did not appear to have been so extensively introduced, or so thoroughly tested, as to be taken by your Committee for granted, notwithstanding the testimony borne to its efficiency by most intelligent witnesses. They held their judgment in suspense for the greater part of their in quiry. They adjourned to the Polytechnic Institution, and there had ocular demonstrations of its power; they summoned before them Mr. Nicholas Wood, considered the most experienced exponent and defender of the fur nace system. They heard nothing from him to weaken the impression which grew upon their minds of the great power of the steam jet as a ventilator. Still, from its having been, as stated, ignorantly applied in some cases, and producing less effect than had been described in such cases, the superiority of it over the furnace in actual practice had not been adequately proved to them until Mr. Foster, next to Mr. N. Wood, it seems, the largest viewer of the north of England, appeared before them. " The evidence of Mr. Forster in favour of the steam jet, from long and constant use, was conclusive, and any doubt previously existing was at once removed.' To the whole of his most valuable evidence reference should be made. "Your Committee are unanimously of opinion that the steam jet is the most powerful, and at the same time least expensive method for the ventilation of mines. "Previous to 1848, when Mr. Forster introduced the steam jet into the Seaton Delaval Mine, the firedamp was constantly seen playing around the face and edges of the goaves and other parts of the workings. Since that period the mine is swept so clean that it is never observed, and all danger of explosion seems removed in a very fiery mine. The increase of ventilation is from 53,000 cubic feet per minute, under the furnace system, to 84,000 under the steam jet; and to double that quan tity, which Mr. Forster considers sufficient, would, he says, only require the application of some extra jots. Mr. Forster states the original outlay for the steam jet to be less than for the furnace by 39/. 15s. 6d., and the annual cost to be less by 501. 12s. ld., while the power of ventilation is increased to nearly double. " Notwithstanding the increase of v entilation which Mr. N. Wood states he has obtained in one of his col lieries where the areas of the shafts are very large, and by th e a id o f three furnaces, it appeared in evidence that the expl os i on a t the Killingworth Colliery last autumn, under Mr. N. Wood's management, took plane under the furnace system of ventilation. " Although a few of the witnesses (two of th e most intelligent of the Government inspectors among the number) seemed to have m isundersto o d the mode in which the steam jet operat ed as a ventilator, an d pro fessed themselves so far unacquainted with it as to be unable to form an accurate judgment on its merits, the witnesses, with scarce a n exce p ti on , coincided in all the opinion that in a fiery mine, even where the furnace system was thought s ufficient unde r ordinary circum stances it would be a prudent and almost neeees le y pre caution to have a steam jet appar a t us at the ' top of the downcast, connected with the boile r o f the engine which worked the mine, in case a sudden and great increase of power was resulted under prepping emergency. * Mr. Blake re. " It was stated in e' idence that 70 per cent. of the • nature of the inquests hitherto held, aster even the ndwr-tif deaths from explosion s were occasioned not by the ex- i discressiug explosions. plosion of firedamp, I - .,ut by the' afterdamp' which sac-, "It has been strongly recommended by several wit° ceeda it. If the l e tter b e i n haled in its pure state by the ; neeses of knowledge and experience that, in the inquests miner it causes immediate death. But trace, from the I beld after explosions, more diligent inquiry should be miners being subsequently discovered in various stages ; made than has hitherto been customary i nto the remote' of prostration, it is apparently inhaled in various degrees 1 es well as the proximate causes of explos ion and loss of cif dilution, it seems clear that a power like the steam jet life. Your Committee would further reco mmend to th 0 pdaced at the top of the downcast, out of reach (which attention of the Home-office whether it might not be the furnace at the bottom of the u p e a s t occasionally is expedient to institute such an ( {floe as a Special Ca.% not') of the effects of the explosion, and capable of sweep - nor for these investigation , . In connexion with this ing the galleries of the mine with an almost irresistible suggestion, it may also be worthy of consi deration how force immediately after the explosion, might be the far local feelings or prejudices may not tend, in occa means of saving a large proporti o n of the lives now lost sional instances, to interfere with the impartial d ischarge for want of such a power. The furnace under such of their duties on the part of juries. h pressing emergency is in a ppli ca bl e , an d incapable of "In the letter of Sir H. De la Beebe to th e ?hairtin.an being used for the purpose. (vide appendix), it will be seen that educat ion is a poltit " Your Committee, ho wever , are unan i mous ly of °pi- i n sisted on as a precautionary means both among t . il e_ nion that the primary object s h ou ld b e t o p re vent the working colliers and their managers, as also that t explosions themselves ; and that, if human means (as qualifications of inspectors should be rigidly tested Pre far as known) can avail to prevent them, it is by the vious to their appointment. In these views your Con , steam-jet system as applied by Mr. Forster, although mittee entirely concur. They not only trust to . pee even in such case it might be prudent i n a m ine espe- e d uca tion more rapidly spreading than heretofore arn 16 , chilly fiery to add an inexpensive steam jet apparatus at the working colliers, but schools of m i nes establil ~ the top of the downcast, a s a means i n reserve i n case o f w i t h ou t cer tifi ca tes from which no overman, un e . • ex plosion from neglect or oth e r w i se . l oo k er, or ma nager shall be legally appointed to his Your Committee still are unwilling to recommend a office• comi dalsory enforcement of any particular system of " The qualification of inspectors for their office is ven tilation; they would rather point to th e con diti ons p o i n t of the first importance ; and should be efficienthie f a , under which alone they con s id er t h e m i ne to b e safe, tested before a competent board, analogously with i e • and leave' it to some improved system of inspection or test exacted in various professions wh ere the interests, control to secure those conditions being universally lif e an d h ea lth are involved. They should be acquainte a. adopted. " The pro per condition of a mine, as regards its venti- Less,o a i t gnerally with naturel philosoph compsl Pnwenierael;a ceemisay, ne. chanics, also a ptent lin° bad lation, your Committee conside r i s when the current of of geology and miccalogy; and should also have air through all the air -courses, mor e p ar tic u larly in the practical experience of colliery working. i onY t ° extreme workings, is from four to six feet per second in " Almost every witness, however, bore tesern ~...,. rate through an ordinary-sized airway (say) 50 feet see- the total inadt quacy of she present system of insp i c aa ctiu" tional area. This, in the extreme workings, would com- The numbers were tee small, its powers too I nii 0 mend a rate of current to a muc h grea t er ex t en t and Each tot' the itispectors summoned before the Co , : ri i . i t t_ e l d d . which would be necessary) through the less remote work- hail sonsethieg like 4CO mines in his district, the 85 nu yourings of the mine. Without a current of air at the rate of at least four feet per second, equal to about three of which he would be unable to go through in _e four years. Many mines they had never visited° mend miles miles per hour, in every part of a mine at all fiery, the miner cannot be considered safe from explosion. Such Committee cannot, therefore, hesitate to ree _re . '„ l , e ,,, that the number of inspectors should be increased!, blabi'ly.', current would be the truest indication of the actual at present amount to six. That number, P ' tors r ° amount of fresh air circulating through the general should at least be doubled; and two sub-inaP_e ° l3eehe is workings of the mine. It seems immaterial by what each chief inspector added. In Sir H. de l a viden ce, mode this rate of current i s p ro d uce d, so that it be cer- letter it is indicated, and it appeared also in e i d..ii, at tainly produced, and a means be furnished to the inspec- that the present salary of an inspector wag WO wi d it f ill ., tor at eawh visit to ascertain th at suc h ra t e of current least to induce is person really fitted for the office u has constantly existed during his absence. Spector to remain in his situation. " There is a seeming contradiction to the conclusion at which your Committee have arrived, that a generally "To increase the power of the inspector is 3 i mach nte l.. more delicate matter. To this some of t he r"`) fined ob increased ventilation is the truest security against ex- ligent of the mana g er s o f m i nes who were eX atnin gay plosions, in the fact that these explosions have become jected; and with some reason, for it wa s evideal L ro as t ° more frequent, in spite of cub's attention having been the least, that they were in . all respects, but" h t h e given of late years to thect ot ventilation. The practical and scientific 'attainments, contradiction, however, is in appearance only. To pro- inspectors. But the objection was taken less es , of duce explosion of the firedamp the presence of a cer- principle itself than to the possibl e u r t irn ign c " Lain quantity of air (or proportion of oxygen) is re- being subjected to the caprice, Pe — ^ s a t e e s " . quired to make it explosive at all; and with less than ranee, of an individual inspector. To e o we- . that proportion explosion d oes not ta k e p l ace; an d, also, tablishment of a board with increased powers ndd ie o ar upon a par with the after certain additions to that Proportion of oxygen, the ties' seemed to be taken. Same such central body of tendency to explosion ceases. In the former case the Committee would strongly recommend, cemP°„ectors atmosphere of the mine is unhealthy, in the latter it is scientific and practical men, to whom healthy. The postulatum in this matter of ventilation might report, and from whom they might reee l to t heir may be considered to be such a thorough ventilation as, instructions, which would give greater effics,l given 5 together with a wholesome air to breathe, should so recommendations. To this board should nuedit tan csa sweep the mine clear of the gases as they escaped power to enforce penalties under ordinary circunial stances from the goavo and fissures, or so dilute them with of neglect—and in cases of death, a power t? _ rict itas, pure air, as that they ceased to be explosive. To an enforcement of justice to the families of the 5EO' Ol leave the mine to its natural state of ventilation through the ordinary channels of law; the rac ists would be to leave it in undisturbed possession of a themselves being in a condition of life Li . whist redress• poisonous, but possibly inexplosive atmosphere; proper them comparatively helpless to obtain their ju diaireb i e to ventilation, on the contrary, would, by dispelling that "One additional power, however, it seem', 'until the the iviteseofhew poisonous atmosphere, leave to the miner an atmosphere give to inspectors, at all eve g reat to breathe nearly as p ure as t h e ou t er a i r . But a partial decision of a board Pan be obtained; viz., ',__ e re q u ses introduction of an insufficient quant ity o f atmospheric air danger evidently exists, and the owner of a min a ir ,„ its into a fiery mine may cause the very mischief against to resort to the most approved system for increosr , e .. its which it is intended to guard. It should not be forgotten security, the inspector should have the power teed. cie, / ,' h i, events tensporariThere r. by the coal proprietor that the unhealthiness of some working to cease until its condition be iroPr. ° ;__ er ieritY mines, together with the danger of explosion, greatly would appear to be the principal point of inuapdd, 00 enhances rho rate of wages they must pay, so long as in the inspection of the mines of France, Ger case, re , ,. tbeir workmen have to encounter such evils; while the Belgium over that of this country. In on e rece ding • removal of those evils, on th e other h an d, mu st tend ere hated in the evidence, it appeared that_a,P in the long to reduce the rate of wages in collieries more to a the explosion there had been a great t I ds f j e cree- cd level with that of labourers in ordinary occupations. barometer, which indicated the necessity °_ bscl n ° f These observations, of course, extend also to the injury ventilation and vigilance. The overlookete_ tact of to health and risks arising from `black' or `choke barometer, and therefore was in ignorance ot which was a ll damp' (carbonic acid gas). The poison generally, in the diminished pressure of the atmosphere, w° l 7., jo ger smaller quantities, is slow in its operation, but not the the while thus allowing the firedamp to escape d “ - : 3 „e l se. et the her' sure. The miner is proverbially short-lived. proportions from goaves and fissures . ~ _ A " The attention of your Committee has been directed In another case (that of recent occurrence in o P e _V at M. to scientific and practical means of decomposing or dare Valley), Mr. Blackwell, late inspector ec t ist n oro to neutralising the explosive gases as they exude from the trice, advised on a previous visit certain Prhe explosinrc coal and goaevs; but it does not appear to your Corn- be taken. The advice was disregarded; I fortid ed °l e mittee that science has discovered any practical means ensued. To 34 system of inspection thus raised to the for producing this desirable effect. It is, however, on objection could scarcely be raised which is r deer , and the minutes of evidence, that an individual well versed present system that it relieved the .o ° 6 w ee , ien t for and long engaged in mining operations, a member of the managers of responsibility while it was i 11 "' er d to House of Cot:mans,* has offered, through the Royal its object, toll reg- - - he College of Chemistry, a premium of 1,0001. for the dip- " Your Committee, therefore, having but at t covery of some simple practical means for the attain- the rights andprivileges of private propertY,e,;,e, a due • heir tiv'd t he ex- meat of this important object. sumo time forming, to the best or t an d of ut " Your Committee would now refer to some more in- estimate of the value of human lif e ' n e e r the present cidental means of security aga i nst exp l os i on; first, treme danger to which human life,: honen" b e le . l e i a stating their concurrence in the opinion expressed, sys t em o f working mines, with a they s " Uld ' al .r , directly er indirectly, by the Committees of 1835 and ceptions, is exposed, consider that d that s powe_ 1849, and also with that so strongly expressed by the their duty if they did not recommen recau tions andt South Shields Committee, that where a proper degree should be placed somewhere to e nforce . Pr __ here „ g lee of ventilation does not exist in a mine, a Davy lamp, to facilitate the exaction of penalties w ersevered in; or any modification of it, must be considered rather of such precautions was pertina ciously Poopted were t h e re as a lure to danger than as a perfect security. Prac- end that until those precautio ns ofthe °lna. t i ca lly secure in a still atmosphere it may be con- should exist a power to stop the wor kin g heir 01)i ni ; °11 sidered; and in the hands of a cautious overman They have already poin t e d to what in t tern u , ` ' l3 r - an admirable instrument for exploring, or as an indi- would be an improvement on the present s. ht he re cater of danger; but in a current, as admitted by its il - quests, and to constituting a bo ar d which wig of los§ lustrious inventor himself, it is not a security; and in garded use species of public prosecutor in case the hands of an ordinary workman, under circumstances of life from neglect of proper precautions. w ho of ex citement, when danger is threatened, it is not im- "It has been suggested that the families of o' throb °I probably, far oftener than ima g ined, the very cause of perish should be supported for a limited nu mbe r w i g 's' the explosion which if was intended to prevent. The years by the prorietor of the mine. Injustid ht giv experiments of Dr. Baebboffner, at the Polytechnic In- be done under such a law; for the owner ig w idoke r °I atitution, before your Committee, were very interesting orders for the proper precautions, and an over instant Tot on this point. Nevertheless, in a mine that is at all miner might neglect them. In such an Tie fiery, it will be a prudent precaution to work with a would be hard to enforce the extreme penal e ll_t io ico lamp, until it can be proved that by means of ventilation conduct of owners after the fatal effects of ! 0 ,9 0e a mine can be so far cleared of all explosive gases, as to appears to have been generally considerate andn u _ c t he prevent any accumulation of them in tho workings, extending, in many instances, including there u t ; f the' goaves, or elsewhere. Some of the witnesses point to Aberdare mine just mentioned, to the supp cl. such a possibility; and, if it were for the sake of the families of those who perished. f eel disPse• health of t 'he miners alone, a current of fresh air pasing " You ommittee, for their own part. _ ee d vt through the mine which could produce this effect would rather to rte b • ss to t e apponnme .. . t • nt of an efficie nt ' 'ofa w ell.q 3 . 11 render such a power one of the most valuable contribu- gilant board ;to an increased number of role s I L . tions ilav of the age. One of the principal objections to the inspectors and sub•inspectors, who should P_,,, en t 9 , y lamp on the part of the workmen has been the in- have theof f . such a rate of un' t he' power en oreing : as la her' sufficient light which it affords. A lamp of greater re- air through the various parts of the mine -i w et. fleeting power, which would, at the same time, admit of judgment, the safety of the miners re quir s e o n ed , i g c in t : , a double gauze protection, has been suggested, and is ex- with the adoption in each mine of such e t ee u rit ilatie i plained below. Too entire a reliance on the safety of struments as both preserved a register of the sho al s hoal , . the Davy lamp app ears t o hav e l e d, in not a few instances, and gave warning of danger; that these pow d el o ' sse wio v : to the neglect of ventilation, extend to the intcting penalties for the non_P eau tio. "In the furn ace s y s t em o f ventilation the power de- of such instruments, and nouattention to the Pil; nt it th ; pends on the difference of the temperature of the air recommended, and to stoppage of the min: , reg ,th! .. going down the downcast shaft and that coming up the right measures were taken. Such measured este elis? , upcast; and when temperature of the outer air is high with the better education of the miners, and i n nv enao g ti? the power of the furnace is reduced. When the they- went of schools of mines, and the circulatio ad ul ate d Wa g : mometer, therefore, exhibits a high rate of temperature, colliers of such rules and regulations as are /w hich sr , d. the ventilation is lessened. This may account for aeei- the pits of Mr. Forster and Mr. Darlington sidei . weal c, dents being generally more frequent in spring and given in their evidence), your Committee c t ° eat irel9 o l d summer. It is very desirable, under such circuw- go far to diminish, and ultimately almost the ir at te stances, that an extra power of ventilation should be prevent, the dreadful explosions to Will"' th E. applied. tion has been called. n ot ~ s, - " Under the ordinary pressure of the atmosphere its " A last topic remains, and tha t, P er s f hap or call) in , 0 weight operates in a fiery mine to keep the escape of least import an t, v iz., the pecuniary par" here mad i i gas from the recesses of the mine. When the pressure out the suggestions and recommendatiannss ider '' ll° • ° -- is less the explosive gases have greater power to escape. This is a point which your Committee co .ve capa cl7 E, Whenever, therefore, there is a fall in the barometer, devolve upon the House, in its colle e " s hown t a e showing a diminished pressure of the atmosphere, danger rather than upon themselves. They have eeoo olisic v, , is indicated, and an increased amount of ventilation re- principal causes of danger; the easy voided, th e y aim . quired. In every mine, therefore, it should be impera- means by which the &anger may be ay.mu" lri s hou— 0 • tive for a barometer to be kept. It should be placed hinted at the scientific instruments which s a warn near a o re near the ventilating power, properly connected withthe • 1 • d be kept in every i n- rb ,y hal t' peranve y require to n thel dange w hich, external air, through the downcast, so as to take the log or test of safety or impending ; l i ich, in u e pressure of the atmosphere. A " differential barometer" ferred to the species of authority to . _ _ ee t he 5 f 1 , 1 is much more sensitive than a common one• and since opinion, should ho intrusted the powers to e ' .be qu est'. d ' l , j a i part of ' , r oof; ' it costs only a few shillings, there would be no excuse gestions carried out. The finan c ia l of C° m m the HOUSO for not having one, they consider properly belongs " A water gauge should be placed at the bottom of le• -e." the upcast, to indicate the power of the drag of the mine, where the furnace system is used, so as to indicate the presence or approximation of the furnace limit. " But an instrument of oven greater importance than the above, especially in reference to the periodical visits of inspectors, is a self-registering anemometer, by which the inspector would know at each visit the rate at which the current of air had been passing through the mine in his absence. The best instrument of this kind at present known, perhaps, is that of Mr. Biram. Three, at least, of these should be kept in every mine ; one at the intake (bottom of downcast shaft), ono at the return (bottom of upcast), and, especially, olio or more in the extreme workings. e The goaves (old workings) in extensive mines are a principal source of danger. It has been suggested, if the water would permit, that the goaves might be, as it were, drained of the explosive gas by a bore-hole from the surface, acted on by a steam jet; that gas, being lighter than common air, would thus be drawn through the bore to the outer air. " For a similar purpose gas drifts have been recom mended, as described in the ' Technical Definitions and Explanations.' e It was suggested by Mr. Gurney, also, that refuge stalls might be established at small expense, in places familiar to the miners, throughout the workings, to which, upon au explosion, they could at once fly from the fatal effects of the afterdamp. A description of these will be found among the " Explanations." ti It has been stated in the evidence that boys are employed in mines to perform duties the neglect of which in a single instance • might be productive of great loss of life. They are employed, in particular, to attend t o the opening and shutting of the doors or traps necessary to regulate the courses of air in ever system of ventilation. -dis It has further been stated than y even in the best f ciplined pits, where the men are rarely, if ever, Bet been been serious acts f o neglect or carelessness, it has et 1' a ches on found impossible to guard against similar net; gars •t a ppears that the part of the boys; and, accordingly, elbeen traced to in various instances fatal accidents h f a thev duties allotted such negligence in the performance o of opinion that to them. The Committee, therefore, are. oh to would involve 'the neglect of woic . no responsible duties, •no to be intrusted to serious risk of life, ought in any D' inexperienced l persons, boys, or to eny other class of de i n whose Ja .ment and discretion but solely to persons full reliance can be placed. orth chat ngland and other dip- The miners of the °their cter for recklessness, tricts, notwithstandinghe dangers of their employment. to are keenly alive h by representations to your have evinced bon This they especially from Lancashire and Northum berland,Committee, es,. • . petition to the H ' Ouse itself, nume rously and by a . from the miners of Lanceishire. The signed, points t h e y chi , fly dwell upon are the n e ce ss i t y o r in creased ventilation, of increased inspection, of the ap pointment of sub-inspectors, and of the unsatisfactory —.---. at larg , "---'"--."-----"n"....'"nn---___-_ re Q. R AILW A Y SHAKE ARE:%I' LIVE RPOOL, AUG M . 30. is alai ri STOCK EXCHANGE.—Our share market to-daY illess.site.ia., f,..... depressed, and only a limited amount of obuso The transactions reported were —Eastern c.., sties. diS•-'. — an s d o L u i t h h c - o E li a ls s h te i r r n e, Lancashire and Yorkshire, 83 I—Ditto, Fifths 'r `l'leffieli I, London and North-Western, 1221/2---Ilancilfidiand' 7516 a6nl.(l:sDewovPerr,ef2ergce: Ya fi P 3 ' o. . v r HEST t“ /-* t daY v rau e Jr 4 MA-WU . , 0 o- ' The SzocK ExcHANGE.--The business d°wl'ard tendency. t limited, and prices generally had 3 d°WLI CoUntief, li—Ea s transactions were as follow :--Eastern 13re 82 3 /.i Pitt 0, Lancashire, 18,43—Lancashire and Yorks 1 ~ d Lincolnsbir e, Fifths , 37 7 8 ex div.—Manchester, Sheffield, .til evir preference' 28 3 %—Ditto, Preference, 117/o—Ditto, . 1 -'' c obrewsbury 7.16 n. p.—South-Eesnsrn and Dover, 211/2\7ort. la British, and Chester, 21. 1 ,4 c.—Midland, 75% ex. div.--1 Preference, 5. frora NEw SOUTH IVALEB.--' The Johnstone, , Ad Sydney, has arrived otT Falmouth, with 9,099 ounces or have on board. Her advices, which are to the 6th of May, u been anticipated . ---------- '"--._._._-=--_------- —_ BIRTHS. OF A SON. Ire' On the 26th inst., at RaDymore Castle, Ballinasloet hind, the W 7th Henry Reed Daly, Esq. r the On the 2 inst., at ings, Novick, the Wife ()- Rev. Thomas Edward Crallan. OF A DAUGHTER. Henrie tta On tho 24th inst., at Bracondale, the Lady Ilentie- Harvey. On the 24th inst., at Galway, wife of hi' r Berton. tho of the 9th Regiment. ----------- MARRIED. At Balsover Castle, Derbyshire, on the 25th inst., „J° ll , ll Anstruther Thomson, Esq., of Charleton, Fileshire, b? line Maria, dau , hter of the Rev. Joh n Hamilton 61.10 ' Carntyne, Lanarkshire. Couo_ritl,tnheear2.l\t\hinidnssot.;,aatgßedatsDhg:rfopha. Palmer, Esq , of Porner On the 26th inst., at Carpenters'-hall, Richard IV. JOE' Esq., aged 85, senior member of the corporation of Lou doi l9 and for 54 years clerk of the Company of Carpenters. , ° At Rothsay, on the 23d inst., Miss Emilia Comm' daughter of the late Sir Alexander P. C. Gorden, of AltYr' and Gordonstoun. Bart. Id, On the 26th inst.. at Haslingdane-place, Sibertsway Kent, aged 87, Mrs. Mary God; relict of the late Elijah Wl' Esq., of London- Oa the 27th inst., Mrs. Valiance, relict of the late bit' Philip Valiance, ot Brighton. Ou the 21st inst., in Nelson-square, Biackfriars-resd, Joseph Joseph, Esq., Net °I London: Printtd and Published by MURDO YOU , 1 2, So. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, .„; Strand, in to e Precinct of the Savoy, in tho catiaff Middlesex, Tuesday, Augot 052. QUESTION OF METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY NOT SETTLED. The question of the proper supply of proper water to London is not settled, and none but the wilfully blind, or the naturally stupid, will say it is,—none but igno ramuses or shareholders, the latter of whom, by the way, merely met as others would do in the same position. We do not usually employ coarse language; but this is too important a matter to mince words upon. The water supply question is not settled, any more than the drainage of London is settled because one set of hand-tied com missioners after another—dummies in spite of them selves, according to their aecount—have been appointed, and have met, and have killed their officers and them selves, have spent money without reference to a plan, and have got miserably into debt, without advancing the purpose of their existence a single step. The water supply question is not settled any more than the burial in towns question is settled because an Act of Parliament has been passed which permits amelioration but does not enforce it. The water-supply question will not be settled, and must not be considered settled so long as we h ave any but the best water, both in a sanitary end an economical point of view, and the most efficient supply possible.—lt is really a very important question for the metropolis, involving health and money to a large amount; l a question which should b e se ttl e d—but is not. 'Wall-informed, f o rmed, honest, and able men may express them selves contented with the present arrangement as a rifi to expediency; but th e y mus t f ee l th a t this can nsaoctlacset, and ought not to last. It is not the course th e y would take in their own arrangements: it is still less the course which should he pursued by a wealthy and powerful community.—Builder. ERECTION OF A. CHURCH FREE FROM THE BISHOP or LONDON'S CoNmot.—The absence of sufficient church ac commodation, at Stoke N ew i ngton, has long b een severe l y fe l t by the inhabitants. It is now, we are glad to hear. proposed to erect a new church at the corner of Albert Grove, a site peculiarly adapted for it, owing to the erection of about houses. being now in progress. The edifice is to Archiepiscopal Court of Canterbury, for t h e performance of Divi ne W ors hi p, accor di ng to t h e r i tes be registered reglisetwered th of the Church of I_igland. The plan is in the Italian style, and cost estimated at only 1,0501.) is to be defrayed by public the .bli csubscription. There is to be seat room for about 800 people. Gritnistoc, AUG. 3 0.—Wind S.W.—Arrd. Kitty, St. John's, New Brunswick. CowEs, Aug. 30.—A rr d . S t. Vi ncent, Y oung , Syd ney, New South W a l es • POLICE INTELLIGENCE. .HAMMERSMITH. Mr. Thomas, the secretary to the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, applied to Mr. Beadon, the sitting magistrate, shortly after the disposal of the night charges, fur three summonses ag ainst Mr. T. B. Si m p s on, the proprietor of Cre raorne-gardens, and M. and Madame Poitevin, for cruelty to a horse which was suspended to a balloon that ascended from the gardens on Thursday after noon last. The applicant stated that he was prepared with evidence to prove that the balloon ascended at half past six o'clock on Thursday afternoon last from Cre morne-gardens, and that Madame Poitevin sat upon the back of the horse, which was suspended from the machine. Ifer husband was in the car of the balloon at the time, and Mr. Simpson, the proprietor of the gardens, was also present when the ascent was made. He should also be able to prove that Madame Poite vin remained for some time upon the back of the horse while in the air before she entered the car with her husband. Mr. BEADON supposed that it was intended to raise the question whether it was an act of cruelty to the horse to suspend it to a balloon ? Mr. Tnomas replied that it was, and said the weight upon the animal's back while suspended in the air and the construction of the bandages would be sufficient to prove the act of cruelty. One of the officers of the society was present during the ascent, and also a veteri nary surgeon, and they both would be able to prove the act of cruelty to the animal. Mr. BEADO N said be fully expected that the sum monses would have been applied for, as it was a ques tion of considerable importance, and should be settled. Mr. Thomas had stated quite sufficient for the sum monses to be granted. Mr. Thomas was then asked whether he intended to proceed against them for the ascent or descent. Mr. Thomas said for the ascent from Cremorne gardens. Mr. BEADO N observed, in that case the matter would not come under his jurisdiction, as the whole of Cremorne-gardens was in the district of the West minster police -court. His district only extended as far as the road near the gardens. Mr. Thomas said he was very sorry for troubling his Worship unnecessarily, but he had been informed that Hammersmith was the right court to apply to for the summonses. Mr. BEADON inquired where the balloon descended, as it it fell in his district he could then grant the summonses. Mr. Thomas said the balloon descended at Heston, near Hounslow. Mr. BEADON said that place was also out of his district. He believed that the first balloon ascent of M. Poitevin with his horse terminated by the machine falling in Wimbledon, which place came under his notice at Wandsworth, and, if Mr. Thomas had evidence of that descent, he would listen to the application. Mr. Thomas said he had not. The only evidence he had related to the ascent of the balloon on Thursday last. He understood that Madame Poitevin in tended to ascend that evening upon the back of a bull, from the same gardens, as " Europa carried away by Jupiter." Mr. BEADON thought the best course to adopt by Mr. Thomas was to apply to the sitting magistrate at Westminster police -court for the summonses, as the question was an important one, and ought to be de cided in the proper district. Mr. 'l'b o mas thanked his worship for the attention he had paid to the application, and said he should app l y i m mediately to the magistrates at Westminster police-court. TH E NA TioNAiLANDa OMPANY. RICEIMANSW ORTII, SA TURDAY.—An important and rather remarkable inquiry has been proceeding here during the w eek, under th e direction of t h e C ourt of a nd 14 and 15 Chancery Vic., for dissolving the Na tional Land Company,. and Chartist Co-operative Land for . aisposing Society, and of its lands, properties, and principal estates connected with which buildings, the situate at O'Connorville , or Herring?gate, three Rickmansworth ; miles from at Minster Lovell, near d a t atemarly, Witney ; near Tewkesbury; and at Lowlands and Snig's End, near Gloucester. The estate called O'Connorville, though not the most ex tensive,of the earliest- was o ne located, and was pur chased in 184 6 , and parcelled out into n tal of the experimep lan enabling its occupants, " by means of the re-productive and co-operative principle, and by moderate industry, to live in comparative " d indepenence, c o mfort and on two and three acres of land, and at the same time to form the nucleus of a political propaganda for promoting the exploded six points of the charter. in the attainment of both these objects the e xperiment, as th e present inqu i ry goes to show, has pro ved a signal delusion, the occupants of the estates being, more or less, in embarrassment, and the projector of the plan, as is well known, in a state of mental aberration. Th e sittings t o in q uire into the subject have been Hotel, before Mr. Willia m held here at th e Swan one of the official assignees of the Court Goodchap, of Chancery, a ssisted_by Mr. Roxburgh, as counsel and assessor ; Mr. "I'm Tucker, of the firm of Tucker and S ons ; and Mr. Woodthorpe, surveyor and architect ; Mr. C. Roch e , o f th e fi rm o f S ymons and Roche, rep resenting the allottees or occ u p ants, who attended very numerously. The report of the official assignee set forth th at the inquiry wa s instituted under the dire c ti on o f the Court of C hancery, to inquire into th e cases of all those pers ons to _whom l an d s b a d b een allotted, but who had relined titl e or c l a i med compensa tionquish for loss or exp enditure in respect of the m , an d to ascertain by the best . and most econom i ca l means to what amount the value of the capital and labour expended by the a llottees had exce e ded th e va l ue of the occupation, an d the advances of aid money, seed, and stock made by the company, and to determine the sum by way ohont Id° paid for past occupation by each allottee w shou prove his title, making all just allowances. , The report, which went very fully into the origin a an cun d sti t t b ution of the National Land Company, ae regarole purchase and e al lotment of lands and the balloting for members by Mr. Feargus O'Connor as trustee, further stated that on 11th April, 1846, it was notified to the share shareholders by Mr. Feargus O'Connor that he had purchased the O'Connorville estate, consistin g o f 130 acres, for 2,344/., subject to an annuity of 601. p er annum, conveyed by T. Ayres and J. M argetson, but the title deed of which is now retained by Mr. W. P. Roberts, s olicitor, of Manchester, on the ground of alleged lien. Soon after a ballot, for two, three, and four acres respectively, took place among those members of the corn.. pany who had paid 2/. 10s. deposit, being Is the value of one share in the company. The members who became located were principally mechanics, or weavers totally unacq ua inted with agricultural pur suits, from Stockport, 13radford, Manchester, Leeds, and 'Wigan. The two-acre balloted members holding one share had allotted them a licuse, two acres of land, and 151. ; the three-acre members, a house, three acres, and 22/. 103. ; and the four-acre members of two shares, a house, four acres, and 301. In this way th e 103 acres wer® p ar celled out, tw o acres bein g set apart for th e school at the head of the estate. The members entered on their locations on lit May, 1847. Some are still in po ssession; others have underlet. During the period they remained they received aid money, cultivation money, and bush e l s of wheat. S o m e sold their right of location, which latter was of the average value of 'i am 401. to 1001. In some cases distresses were levied on the goons, chattels, and growing crops, and this state of things continued until the Act of Parlisment for winding up this and other estates in a similar position was ob. GR.] kat g i. n LaW nria ale ret tini t, fon, Fat Nto 11 1 , 0 2 -sup r Trate t v ,. .1 1 E xe ;Nn-ro 1, 1 er Y liGtzth tor et kiri ;t Exe B ktio n e4 t, kltr; ez o Th ars, R. , 111 (h, CII kY Lls r ja Ea T O i Th T 0 1 E arid to a c t 4 o e r a the Tl e k e 4 0 : Ike , 265 -1 , -...,.....1::- Stet , To '4 t %KC T n. 1 / 4 11.. , 44 ali . " --1 141 1 ., oa ' , ice an l'ot T4 n e gol tO P up tltts Z.ve Ada atllltl64tl kAct 4 ct 4