The Sun. — London, England, 1846-05-04 00:00:00

SHIPWRECKED FISHERMEN AND contended that the poor were entitled to relief, it would be MARINERS' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. said !hat such a doctrine would be a confiscation of property The eighth anniversary of this valuable charity was in Ir , eland. He and his Hon. Friend present had heard the celebrat, dat the London Tavern, on Saturday, by an lv?rcs as they came up Parliament-street that night, used by a Member of the House—why . , he said, there were two excellent dinner, of which about 200 noblemen and gen-t lions ef poor in Ireland, and it would be a confiscation of mil tlemen partook, and which was presided over by the ro iertv --(Cries of "Oh, oh " So as the case became veteran Sir George Cockburn. Amongst "those presen P wor i se they did no Prett . y ) doctors, he thought. we observed, the Earl of Cadogan, Sir W. Gage, Sir J. If there wre now two millions in statelr eland leftdestitute, what Johnstone, the Hon. Mr. Lambton, Sir W. W. Pell, would it soon become? He cordially supported the Society, Captain Porter. R.N., Captain Luke, Rev. I). Laing, E. and hoped it would be effectually aided. F. Leeks, Esq , E. West, Esq , and E. Brewster, E-q. Mr. FIELDEN, M.P., after some able remarks on the poor- After the usual loyal and constitutional toasts had law, moved— been" That this meeting is of opinion that the destitute poor given, and warmly responded to, The CHAIRMAN said he had now come to the real when they are at all times entitled to beryheye n d lo a r n e d e a s s p s e i c s i t; d d ly in a spirit of business of the evening. Ii the Lord Mayor, who had kindness . o m - a officers, o3,3. ed ars in the district or parish promised to attend,. had been present, he might have to as w e hic e l n in em th p e ?lour ofnecessity, they are compelled to apply, been able to . win their souls to charity, but he trusted to from the ' infirmities of age." the cause itself, and that it would not suffer from the Mr. S. BUCKINGHAM seconded the resolution, which was absence of any ability on his part to do justice to the put rid carried with acclamation. position which he had unexpectedly been called upon to Mr. SAVAGE, in moving the . next resolution, introduced fill fill at the last moment. He trusted he should be ablebeenad ut the case of a poor man i present in in t the a n m ie e e i t ,s ing a w f h is o h to show them that there was no charity which could be'which was p a needy and a more acceptable to them, and one to which they could rejected . t at . the workhouse of case,S r e tb h e e ie ss r, on i e n . qu aeral other powerful cases were read by Mr. have greater pleasure in contributing, than the institu tion whose eighth anniversary they had met that evening Sav age. i He cot chided by moving the following:— " That F. T. A'Beckett, Esq., and Mr. Charles Nichols be to celebrate.—(Cheers.) H e b egge d t h em to consider nominated by this meeting to be elected as members of the the perilous con di t i on o f t h ose who gained a hard live- committee of the Poor Man's Guardia!! Society," lihood as fishermen, and in that capacity contributirg to Captain EVANS sec nded the resolution, which was put to the luxury of th e r i c h— w h o we nt o ut to sea in all the me' tang and carr i ed unanimous y. y weaweane s—during h eav y ra i ns , and during the preva - It v ski moved by Mr. SMITH and seconded by M r . lence of every kind of storm and every kind of danger, - 1 ! nat the thanks of this meeting be given to the Chairman to obtain a steady. but humble subsistence for themselves and Committee of the Poor :Man's Guardian Society for their and their families as long as they were spared to kind attendance this evening." pursue it. He must say that the elements at times got It was moved a carried— That this meeting feels grateful to the po or. for its ready the better of them all.—(Cheers.) He vt 'shed to picture to them the dangers which beset these industrious. and humane exertions in the cause of the poor." and brave men in the pursuit of their calling. A vote of thanks was also passed to the chairman, and A storm overtakes him and he is destroyed th e meet i ng separated. —his boat is also destroyed his family and his humble cot have lost their protector. His wife, hearing the storm rage round her, begins to feel those fears which only those placed in such a position can feel. She puts her children to bed, but she has no rest, for the storm continues to rage. She goes out and braves the storm—she seeks for her husband in vain, but she sees him no more.— (Cheers.) He prayed them to ima gine her feelings on her return to her desolate home, not knowing how to obtain food or keep a roof over the heads of herself and her children. The door opened and the agent of the society entered and administered to her such consolation as a woman in her condition can re ceive at such a moment. He said, " You shall retain your cot, you shall be safe, your children shall be spared to you, for the Shipwrecked Fishermen's Society exists and will afford you assistance."—(Cheers.) If she had a son old enough to follow his father's pursuit, the ametyhelped him to a boat, and protected his family and his mother.—(Cheers.) What must their feelings be when they knew that that woman and her family were blessing God that there was such an institution?— (Cheers.) He was satisfied that they would not hesi tate to support an institution which had for its object the relief of persons placed in such a situation. He then adverted to mariners, who, he said, contributed to all the luxuries of this great metropolis, and to the vast fortunes possessed by British merchants. —(Loud cheers.) And who if the country was involved in war, were always ready to come forward and defend it.— (Cheers.) During the terrible revolution in France, when almost every nation in Europe had its shores in vaded, and misery stalked abroad in every part of it, this country was as free from such disturbances as it was at this moment. But this was owing to the exer tions of our sailors, who nobly defended our coasts from invasion. In the course of the duties of those sailors-- in the course of their generous effirts in the time of war and of peace—they were exposed to dangers from the iron-bound shores of the country—they were exposed to all the dangers of lee shores from the want of refuge harbours ; and th e n um b er o f li ves lost in this way was quite astounding. And although our sailors were the best in the world, they were, like the poor humble fishermen, liable at times to be overpowered by the ele ments, and in endeavourin g t o p reven t t h e i r s hi ps from becoming a wreck, t o ili ng n i g h t an d d ay to get an offing, but their efforts were often unsu ccess f u l, aid their ships, perhaps, became a wreck. But what was the fate of those unhappy sailors who were wrecked and driven u p on our coasts ? They were possibly thrown upon sh ore a l most i n a lifeless state from having been beaten against the rocks, and it they re covered, it often h a pp ene d that they had neither food, clothing, or anyth ing e l se, and it was no uncommon ' circumstance to find them begging in the highway, in the endeavour to get to th e i r h omes. T he " Shipwrecked Mariners' Society" had been established to avert these evils, and the unfortunate sailor had now aid extended to him in the shape of food, clothing, and money to take him to his friends.—(Cheers.) Was it possible for a mercantile country to have an institution more bound- less in its charity ? He thought, however, he had said enough to induce them to think that they could not do better than contribute, according to their ab lities, to a charity of such a description.—(Hear.) After having complimented the ladies w th much gallantry, from whom, he said, all ch a rit a bl e f ee li ngs emanated, for their exertions on behalf of the society, he concluded by proposing " Prosperity to the Institution," and resumed his seat amidst general cheering. The toast was received with great enthusiasm. The SECRETARY then read the report, and the list of subscriptions, among which were the following sums:— £ s. d. Sir G. Cockburn The Lord Mayor • lO 10 0 George Byng T. Hutchinson, Esq., and others, the residue of the fund of a society, called The Fisher man's Refuge, which has ceased to act R. S. Halford, E,q 2O 0 o Earl Manvers, in addition to former dona tions 2l 0 0 Earl Cardigan . . Sir Thomas Wilde lO 10 0 E. Brewster, Esq., and Friends 4O 0 0 Lieutenant-Colonel Williams, R. E lO 10 0 Subscription from the Ladies . Several other toasts were drunk before the separation of the company Nearly 2,0001. was sub scr ib e d d ur i ng t h e evening. The Misses Pyne, Messrs. Hatton, Francis, and Ma chin, and the band of th e S cots ' Fusileers, did great justice to the musical department. POOR MAN'S GUARDIAN SOCIET A public meeting of this Society was held on Friday night in the Theatre of the Western Literary and Scientific Institution, Leicester- square. Sir DE LACY EVANS having taken the chair, and after apologising for doing so when others, he thought, rather e served the honour, said, the name of the Society spoke for itself, and of the benevolence of those who had brought it into existence. When it was remembered that there were more than a million in this country dependent on relief to be obtained under the laws, and the miseries of those in that state, the gentlemen who formed this Society were deservin g of the high es t pra i se. And when the amm i i .o n t t theowealth was recollected, and th e amount of sympath y the number of th ose unhappily dependent on othe3r oor, and s, d t efforts were necessary, and more might be expected than in any other country. Th e statistics lately got together by order of the House of Commons showed the state of the country in reference to the subject which had brought them together. There w as an i nquiry proceedingin a Committee of that House at present with respect to the Andover Union, and though some would rather have objected to that Committee, yet there was a movement in that House which he hoped would issue in good to the poor. But, in the presence of his Hon. Friend and former colleague, Mr. Walter, of Bearwood, he would not detain the meeting on a subject to which he (Mr. Walter) was far more compe tent to do justice.—(Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN then called on Mr. CoCHRANE, who gave a statement of the objects and origin of the Society. Mr WALTER, who rose to move the first resolution, said he attended the meeting with great pleasure, and the more so as the objects of the Society accorded with what had been the operations of the latter part of his life—(Applause)--- when he laboured to alleviate the case of the humble poor. For he bad laid it down as a principle that the humblest of his fellow-subjects had an equal right to be clothed and fed as the richest to enjoy their estates.—(Cheers.) By the poor he meant the honest and industrious poor, and they had rights both by the law of man and of God. He was sure, however, that the meeting had seen enough in the public newspapers of the poor in the union workhouses to convince them of the need of some supervision of the system, and protection of the poor. Bridgewater, Sevenosks, and many more places had scarcely ceased to ringin their ear when they beard of Andover—(Hear, hear)—and how many more cases had been buried in secret for want of a Society like this it was impossible to say. These ought to put hu manity on the qui vine, considering the vast accumulation of vice in those places where these wretched beings were con gregated. A society such as this was necessary, in order to exercise supervision so long as the detestable law which caused so much wretchedness should continue. But at the Same time it was not the law itself so much, whatever it might be, as the manner of carrying the law into operation. In general he was opposed to societies and combinations, but since this poor law had been forced upon the country, he knew not how it was to be moderated and humanized but by a society like this; for, as Burke said, " when bad men con spire, good men muse combine."—(Applause.) And as nothing could be gained from advocating the case of a poor anan, exceptsotdid c t o he id approbation of their own consciences, nothing fur ther observations,uh be attributed to them. After some fur 4, That this meetidel?rna The Poor alyda o re moved— " the principles and objects of conwardian Society' worthy of general ac ceptation, in mend their fellow-citizens to aid the Society, by uniting socem.beevrsh.ip with them and contribu ting to the funds of the Mr. WAKLET M.p ., in t.' zo i n e d v ing the resolution, said an attempt was mit'ile by this Socie t y to organise the friends of humanity, so that they might rre,: e o their r. t wagoperationsi m pos impossible bear le to on the arm which oppressed thep oriel might know of unre thesay what it might do ; s ome Hewed cases of distress, and they Society, and that would very make them known to relrla.tion. There was 80011 lication and the application of public fl be followed by pub cged that oppres nothing which those miscreants who the public finger, sion on the poor in private felt more than for they knew that it was pointed at therigt target. In to meet with litits (Mr. Wakley's) situation he had oc casion what was the very many cases and facts, and be knew well condition of the poor, and if he told them one hundredth part was they would not believe it; such cruelty, such oppression exerci se d towards the poor. This Soci e ty would iint light, and by so doing prevent the repetition of suchgcrueertie t s o . The present poor-law, he regretted to say, had been altered from the Act of Elizabeth—an Act which was the best that had ever been put on the statute-book, for it recognised the title of the poor to relief, and it threw the burden of support ing them on property. It was perfectly astonishing to con sider the difference that existed in the three countries, though under one Crown. If a Scachman applied to a workhouse for relief, he might receive a shilling or two and a hint that the officer hoped that he would not see him again. But if the poor man did go back, he was told he must come into the house in order to be passed home. When he got home, at an expense of 40s. or 505., what met him there? Why, he was entitled to no relief whatever—none whatever—unless he was dying and diseased.—( Shame). The words of the Act passed for Scotland were, that no able-bodied labourer is entitled to relief. In Ireland matters were worse. When the poor man had been passed home, if the house was full, there was no relief for him—he was entitled to none.—(Shame.) That Ncts thought nothing of in Parliament; if any one there THE AMERICAN NAVY. It seems that early in the session the Senate Commit tee on Naval Affairs addressed the Secretary of the Navy to know wl at increase the naval force of the country required. This letter was dated December 22. The reply of the Secretary is dated January 8. A little more than a month previous his annual report called for estimates, to sustain a peace establishment, but, without any reason, his opinion is now stated to be, that an accumulation of naval materials and stores is requisite. He recommends the repair and equipment of all the vessels in ordinary, and of the frigates and sloops on the stocks, a suspension, for a definite period, of the limitation of seamen in the service to 7,500, so that further enlistments might be provided for, and the con struction of three steam frigates, five steam sloops, and two steamers of a smaller class. He also sent to the Committee the suggestions on the subject of the heads of bureaus in the navy department, signed by Commodores Morris, Warrington, Crane, and Shrubrick, without any expressed approval or disapproval of the same. The heads of humus, after speakirg of the relative naval forces of the United States and Great Britain, and giving their united opinion of what one nation could or could not do against the other, were hostilities to ensue, proceeded to recommend first, the construction of two classes of war-steamers, particularising as follows :—One of the larger class for Lake Michigan and Huron, and 27 for the Atlantic coast, and 12 of the smaller class for the southern coast besides those which are now avail able; that supplies of ordnance and ordnance stores be lodged at different points on the lakes ready, for private steamers to be speedily armed in case of need; that the number of sea steamers, like the Mississippi, hut rather enlarged, should be increased to 5 ; that our frigates should he increased to thirty; our sloops of war to forty; that five of the frigates and six of the sloops should be fitted with such steam arrangements as may be best adapted to use in aid of sails, without materially affect ing their qualities as sailing vessels; and that a force, besides the officers and marines, of about 28,630 men, will be required to properly man so many vessels. Neither of these documents contained any estimates as to the cost of this great number of vessels of war, and of the ordnance and other supplies necessary to fit out and subsist them. On ac,ount of the absence of these very important and most essential requisites, Mr. T. Butler King, a member of the Committee, and a. devoted friend to the navy, paid a visit to the Secretary of the Navy, and requested that the proper estimates should be :Dade out and furnished the Committee, as data upon which they could frame such Bill as 'might be deemed expedi• nt. Some time after this, the Secretary furnished to the House Committee the desired estimates of the heads of bureaus of the department before named, which bad pre viously been sent to the Senate's Committee. These estimates put down the pre ent force at sea, ready for sea, or in ordinary, to be made ready, some in three, some in six, and some in twelve months, as follow :—Five ships of the line, one razee, nine frigates, twenty. three sloops, two sea steamers, eight brigs and schooners, two harbour steamers, and four store ships. The cost of preparing this force is estimated at 625,000 dollars. On the stocks there are four ships of the line, three frigates, and two sloops of war ; one ship of the line partially finished at Sackett's Harbour and Lake On tario: one steamer is building at Pittsburgh, and an other has been contracted for with Mr. Stevens, of New York. The cost of completing such of these as can be finished, is estimated at 2.955,000 dollars. The heads of bureaus specified certain additional sup plies that would be necessary to the fitting out of the vessels in question, and estimated the aggregate cost of the same at 10,600,000 dollars. They stated that the augmentation which it was be lieved the proposed objects imperatively required, would be the addition of three sea steamers of the class of the Mississippi ; of five frigates, and six sloops with steam propellers in aid of their sails ; twenty-eight coast steamers, of about 600 tons, with arrangements for mov ing along the coast with safety, to carry two heavy guns and eight or ten days' fuel ; twelve smaller coast steamers, calculated to carry one heavy gun, for the navi gation and protection of the sounds and passages which skirt the Southern Atlantic States, and those of the States bordering on the Gulf of Mexico ; that one steamer be provided for the protection of the Lakes Michigan and Huron ; and thirteen new sloops, to be fitted with sails only, or with sails and steam combined. The probable expense of this proposed additional force was estimated as follows : Dollars. Dollars. 3 sea steamers at 550,000 each, L 650,000 28 coast and lake ditto 130,000 „ 3,640,000 12 small coast ditto 60,000 „ 720,000 5 frigates with steam 6 sloops with steam 12 frigates, if with sails only 340,000 „ 4,080,000 9 sloops 170,000 „ 1,530,000 Making a total of 16,190,000 To which add f or or d nance and other store 3 1,030,000 Gives Such, in substance, was the character of the recom mendations and estimates furnished the Committees of Congress by the Secretary of the Navy, and which the President says, in his Message, in reply to Mr. Day ton's resolution, met with his sanction. Nov, the question is, which of the two sets of pro positions and recommendations met with the President's sanction? The recommendation of the Secretary for ten steamers, or that of the heads of bureaus for forty? GREAT NORT H ERN RAILROAD CO MPANY - —The general yearly meeting of the shareholders of FRANCE. —The Northern Railroad Company was d held in Paris on Tuesday reportlas att, o w f htihceh directorsß aronJ alnivss dßiowths:lhiEld presided. The pa m ny ile h , a o d ne re o e f e t iv h e a t t body, from which it appeared t r h e a se t the corn . the first instalment of 125 f. on 400,000 s h ares, making 50,000,000 E, together with 470 09f. 59e. for i n t erest. The co mpany had lod ge d a sum of 2'i 0,000,000 E es security with the Governmietn,twfohriothhe repayment of the cost of the works 24 7 executed3st h u e b f y . companys3c ~ together with the expenses of orga nizingbalance in the hands to 25,768,977 E 96c., of the banker to the company of the company untilT t h h i s s sum would suffice for the expenses of leavin a render unnecessary aneycofnurrtsiemerfotahl un tilleo3neathrelBA7are;haorlidderwsould the Belgian frontier h t a l v v e ol , vads from Lille to Valenciennes to that period. ' been placed under the control of the company since the Ist ofpresent c month. In the first section of the road, from Paris o Clermont the double line of rails has been completed. From C e le rm rrn o or eight to Amiens one line has been c omp l ete d , as will the other be i n days. The section f rom P ar i s to P ontoise is readysnriethnes conveyance of passengers ; that from Pontoise to Amiens will be complete by the 15t of May, when the road may be opened to the public. The secti on f rom A m i ens to Arras be opened to the public in the beginni ng o f J une ; andinthye journey from Paris to Brussels may be effected in twelve hours, and that between Paris and Boulogne in fourteen hours fifty minutes. The report was agreed to, and the meetin g adjourned. OPENING OF A NEW STATION ON TEE GREAT WESTERN.—On Thursday the station at Langley Marshgate, on the Great Western, was opened for the conveyance of passengers and parcels to and from Paddington, Exeter, and the intermediate sta tions. It is about two miles from Slough, and was originally in tended for the Windsor station, in consequence of a strong opposition to having one at Slough being entertained by the authorities of Eton College. The opposition having been withdrawn, Slough station was built, and the inconvenience of not laving a station opened at Lang ley, which has remained unemployed since it was built, having been repres:nted to the company, they have directed that in future three passengers trains, including that • ordered by Parliament (cheap), shall call up and down daily. This gives great accommodation to those persons residing also near Coinbrook, Longford, Horton, Patchet t Staines, Iver, Wexham, George Green, Gerard's Cross, &c., who have hitherto been compelled to go to the stations at Slough or West Drayton. MONUMENT TO JOHN KNOX.—A meeting of the ladies of Edinhurgh interested in the erection of the proposed monument to John Knox, on the spot where he lived and died in Edinburgh, was held yesterday in the saloon of the Royal Hotel. The hall was com pletely filled, and the greatest interest was manifested throughout the proceedings. Sir James Forest was called to the chair.—Edin burgh Witness. now a vast hocussing is being p er f orme d —especially in this case is th e prospectus This flourishing is worded in a way that s h arpens self-interest and awakens hope, while it lulls suspicion and rock s prudence sound asleep linrailways.e Theamountopiateofinias e f r r a era dl p o o f tm a h rg gt a e m h en te t document the Pogis Spa. A gentle soperific dose is administered in a per suasive paragraph, whi c h sets forth that the cost of maktng the railway will be very small, and the traffic, when completed, very great, A vast deal is said on the first head concerning the trifling engineering difficulties, and as littie as possible about tunnelling. The subject of traffic introduces the administered hich the most power ful hocussing doses are generally First, " the mineral treasura of the district" are glowingly described. The quantity of fuel to be dug from the coal-flelds—at present now innocently covered with corn—is put down in a long ow of figures, under the head of income ; an encouraging amount being carried out into the same column as the " probable revenue cleavable from the transit thereof." The commercial prosperity of Pedling ton having been duly dilated on, the " goods traffic" is estimated in pounds, shillings, and pence, as curiously ea act as if the cash had been already received ; there being a fraction at the end —a use fill ingredient in the sleeping dose, for it looks like careful calculation and correctness. Then the mi neral - watertrad e of Pogis Spa is taken into account, with the number of bottles exported annually, and the profit per dozen on their transit. The " passenger traffic" is computed from the gross income of all the conveyances on that road, from the Peddington three •horse stage to the Stoke-Pogis single fly. When, at the end of the statement, the total of the column headed " expenses" is subtracted from that to be expected as " in come," the percentage of profit stands forth as immense. Relying on the minute correchiess of the details, the eager reader never once thinks of disputing the data. His love of gain expands se extensively, that it over-shadows, blinds, or (to use the more forcible term) ho cusses his habitual care and prudence, and, seizing a pen, he sub 4cribes Jae name for A hundred shares,—Our Own Xiniet THE MAGAZINES BLACKWOOD. t 0 0 0 i t t r ) e n th o a be n r o t t P h e or t. s l : s fo d r iffi ev e e u r l y ty s oct tat l e y sm ; a h n e , has ir n e o la c n l c a l im is editors legislator, oin e p w h s i I p o a s p o o p r h s e , r, u,ri a t n d r s o t r f avel ler pamphlets, in tchoantsctiotuunt itortyt': mongers, the Society of Friends as well as the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, have all their difficulty in devising any scheme for abating the poverty, the wretchedness, and the lawlessness of its large and increasing population. For the last three hundred er four hundred years the English Government and Legis lature have been trying, sometimes, and too often we fear, by severity, to abate the evil—sometimes by more gentle and soothing means—but all have proved failures; and the inhabitants of vast portions of the country are at the present day perhaps more miserable than they were even in the days of the Mores and O'Neales. Their native Parliaments could do nothing, the countless societies, with almost every pos sible title, that have sprung up under the leadership (,f Mr. O'Connell, have been equally impotent, and Ire land still remains a thorn in the side of England, and is regarded by foreigners as a reproach to the Imperial Government and Parliament. The Minister at the head of affsirs has s ,- ,tne scheme, or rather schemes, for getting over the difficulty, but what they are or what may be their effect we are alike unable to tell. Mackwood in the present n Inaer has put in his plan; and, as might be an ticipated, it is not of the most conciliatory character. The Coercion Bill he considers of no use, and is inclined to doubt the sincerity of the Government in wishing to pass the measure, imperfect as it is, for there " seems to exist an extraordinary and ominous good feeling between the opposing parties." He would go about the work in a different manner—give Conciliation Hall its right name and treat it accordingly. " There is a remedy for the ills of Ireland, and a simple and efficacious remedy it will be found to be, if adopted. Enforce obedience to the laws and establish security of life and property, no matter at what sacrifice, or by what means. The more severe and uncompromising the measure by which these objects shall be sought to be effected, the more prompt will be the success, and the more merciful the operation." We regret that he has not pointed out what the operation is, or how it is to be established. These are all mere generalities. In the following sentence he is more precise :—" The associa tion," says he, "must be suppressed. It will be folly to expect peace or tranquillity while that pestilent body is in existence ; smite it hip and thigh,' and you at once cut off the fruitful sources of discontent and crime. Stop the rent, and at one blow you annihilate the profligate press, which turns the minds of the people from their legitimate avocations, which panders to their prejudices, and excites them to outrage. Of what use will it be to confine the peasant to his house by night, if you allow him to be beset during the day by the noxious publica tions which contain the treason of the Conciliation Hall?" But even he despairs of the remedy, and begins, like others, to have a difficulty about Ireland, because the people delight only in idleness, filth, and disorder. This is the only substitute for a politieal article this month, and on the whole it is more mild towards the Premier than might have been expected. But the fact is, the ultra-Tories begin to see their helplessness, the poverty in their household, and the absolute want of men be longing to the party who could for even a few months hold office. They cannot do without the " renegade," and to him at last they must again cling. The last article gives a very long description of the campaign on the S.'utlej, written in a glowing and impartial spirit, paying the highest compliments to the Governor- General, to Sir Hugh Gough, and the brave troops under their command. " The Student of Salamanca" is brought to a close, but we find another that bids fair to supply its place, though of a very different character. It is entitled " The Americans and the Aborigines," and one of its objects is to illustrate the unjust and cruel treatment received by the more northerly races of Indians at the hands of the Americans. THE SUN, LONDON,- IVIONDAY WIORNING, MAY 4, 1846. BENTLEY'S MISCELLANY. A very excellent assortment of articles form the May number of Bentley ; diversified, sparkling, and well timed, with but tea exceptions. "Brian O'Linn," capi tally illustrated by Leech, is pursued as humourously as ever ; the writer has a good appreciation of the vis comica, he sketches a ludicrous situation with singular drollery, and infuses that plaisance and bonhommie in the working out of his story which is always so deside rated in comic fictions, but so seldom attained. This aptitude for the ridiculous is, especially in this instance, well ministered to by the artist already mentioned ; the fore- shortenei figure of Captain Dsngerfield, doubled up (in company with a chair) upon the floor of the Glou (-ester Coffee-house, is eminently ludicrous—it is the vraisemhlunce of a pictorial tumble. Miss Costello gives us in acceptable collection of joltings-by-the-way anent " Lahore ;" and Mrs. Mathews, that indefatigable caterer to the lovers of theatrical gossip, commences a new series of stage anecdotes, under the title of "Tea-Table Talk," a title selected, we conjecture, rather for its un wonted alliteration than for its attractiveness. Colman, Curran, Erskine, and Stephen Kemble, not forgetting, of course, the great droll, Charley Mathews himself, supply texts for bon mots and descriptions which, if they be not conspicuous as brilliants, pass of, for the nonce, as very fair paste substitutes. " The Apprenticeship of Raphael Santi, of Urbino," translated by Lady Duff Gordon, is, as the heading would alone indicate, well deserving a perusal; n o thi ng , h owever tr i v i a l in itself; can be deemed too frivolous, when coupled with the beaut.ful memory and immortal deeds of the " divine Raphael," if pictures can be strictly designated deeds. Another novellette there is about a smuggler, by Mr. Kingston, but it may be classed among its numberless predecessors —the legends of those illicit gentlemen ! Of the verse in this number we must say somewhat, if it be only in defence of public patience. It is direfully inane: a miserable jingle of platitudes, discordant to the ear and in defiance of the taste of the least fastidious critic. One miserable thing actually begins thus:— " Grief parted us,—shame parted us, — Sin parted us,—weeping for aye,— Pitiful dread of the world out-hearted us,— Memory was poisoned—what should we say ?" We think you should decidedly say nothing at all, rather than perpetrate such " asphixiated' metre, and such rich Zummerzetshire rhyme. Ditto of a vulgar parody callod " The Yard of Clay." " The Cavalier's Hat," by our old acquaintance Alfred Crow quill, is a very lump of sugar after such black-draughts: it is a quaint notion (the hat, not the lump of sugar) neatly compiled into a confession. Does any one hanker after some knowledge of " David Hume's Philosophy ?" Let him resort to the article so entitled in Bentley. Some little labour has evidently been bestowed upon its arrangement; and the paper is at once lucid and impartial. " Payment in Kind," by Paul Prendergast, though an ephemeral trifle, contains some judicious hints to curmudgeons, and has a grinning risibility about it besides. Albert Smith, never lacking in fascetious thoughts, and ever keen in his observations on the middle classes of the community, takes occasion, in this fourth installment of " Popular Zcology," to depict the life of " A Country Medical Man." The induction of his paper is felicitous in its drollery, ex. gr. " There are a great many painful methods of earning a livelihood . . • . A chimney -sweep's cannot be a very eligible profession ; and we should p ause some time before we decided upon following that of a policeman in St. Giles's, a waiter at a night tavern, a break-of-day coff ee reta il er, or an after-midnight cab man.l Then there are the comic writers ; wretched per sons who arc obliged to be .fanny by the page, and make any quantity of jokes to order that may be demanded ; but who are supposed by the world at large to live in a state of con stint merriment at their own productions, throwing down their pen from time to time to scream with laughter at what they are inventing." (We suspect this to be true over much.) " And there are gentlemen in dirty tights and trunks, and braces worked with faded spangles ; who dislocate their limbs through the bars of chairs, and walk on their heads in the gutters, upon mere specula tion of the available halfpence to be pitched into the ring, &e." " Tipperary Hall " improves upon acquaintance, though we cannot but regard the endeavour as over venturesome. The "Irish Whiskey Drinker" is scarcely competent to walk in tho footsteps of Professor. Wilson. Taking our foregoing remarks as a synopsis of its contents, it must be acknowledged that Bentley is as hilarious as a May reader could desire. • THE NEW 4110,1 7 7'F1LY. For several months past to mention the New Monthly once has been to describe it always, every successive number being the very counterpart of its predecessor. This no doubt arises from its amazing quantity of " con tinuations." There are no less than six before us at this moment ; as usual, contributed by Marryatt, Levinge, Maxwell, James, Oxenford, and that unfortu nate wight Mister Jolly Green. To say this, however, is to observe that the majority of articles are excellent and the extreme minority the reverse. " The Priva teer's Man" has much animation ; " Echoes from the s o a r a tl n e d ma ,, n ße on an Half-pay" a Backw oo d s " much sprightliness ; " Lights and Shadesf n a tr Gentleman "n to o n l e itt o l f e a e m in o g u n n ia t r of m p ed le io a - - crity. Captain Levinge describes that often-described wonder of the world the falls of Niagara, and although his pencil is scarcely so vivid as that of Charles Dickens or Lord Morpeth, the picture of that amazing tumult of " distracted waters" bears about it the air of truthful ness. Mr. Jolly Green in his " Travels and Opinions" becomes to our thinking more and more intolerable in his vulgar prolixity about " nothing at all." His mongrel style, however, half C-allic and half E ng li s h, doubtless hath its admirers ; under which conception we can do no better than transcribe the paraphrase of Boz—" May good digestion wait on appetite, and health on both, and a waiter on all three !" The " Spa nish Ballads relating to King Alphonzo the Wise," though less meritorious than those con tributed last month, are not unworthy of Mr. Oxenford. He has a facility of expression and a just perception of his author which cannot fail to impart beauties to his translations. Those versions of ballad literature, especially the German, should, and of course will, be collected and published in a separate form : they would be a boon to the scholarly among readers. " Ahl do not go 1" is an impassioned lay no doubt, but we hint it to Mrs. Butler that ber memory has uncon sciously reverted to that exquisite song of Shelley's, " I arise from dreams of thee !" Is it not so ? A corn parison will show the ideas to be identical, though the development of them is not to be whispered in the same breath. " George Canning " is but a meagre account of that illustrious men ; not compatible in elevation to the loftiness of his abilities, or impressive enough in man ner for the melancholy catastrophe which closed his career at its zenith—which " extinguished the sun at noon." The pun in the epitaph written by Canning on Mrs. Crewe's dog is pert : Mr. Charles An ll d o i ostnoont i t s his r a a t h s a e d r q p n r o o n s d a a i r c y ? i n " "Poor Quon lies l u ried i n thi s d a i ry , his poetry : "Bonnabel " scarcely deserved his signature. "A Pro spectus for an Asylum for Decayed Dandies" is a sickly effort after the lunnoroua ; our heart aches when the author intend s us to b e merry. Keneay has a curiou s morceau entitled A THOUGHT. "Life—like a lute, whose strings, tome sense, some loose, Discourse delicious music—is mosi, sw(et When in pursuits diversified employ'd— Pleasure this hour and wisdom in the next." Such are the component parts of this magazine, mis cellaneous both in selection and ability. AIZ S WORTH. There is a really mournful poverty in the present number of Ainsworth the principal portion of its pages, consisting of twat! tree chapters, translated from third rate French romances, another section of a long-pub lished fiction, and only three original contributions. Alexander Dumas and Eugene Scribe are very clever, showy writers, without question, but surely we h . ave scribes of our own e q ua lly good, if not immeasurably superior, and as surely their effusions would more appropriately distend an English magazine than the second-hand lucubrations of our neighbours. " Piquillo Alliaga" and the " Count of Monte Christo" are not decidedly of such transcendent excellence but that they might give way to wholesome picces of our indigenous scribblers. Such an anomaly as the one we have just mentioned is too glaring to allow us to pass it over in silence. Ainsworth must " awake! arise!" or very rapidly dwindle away in popularity. We say this from a wish to witness its resuscitation from a terrible state of torpor. Mr. Wright's article about an alchemist is the only attractive one in the number, and it is suffi ciently strange to excite the curiosity of the most indif ferent. " Bassora" carries in every line the impress of Mr. W. Francis Ainsworth's pen, and consequently, while it betokens the industrious and observant traveller, it is tedious withal. " Irish Legends," by Mr. Forrest, may possibly be read, because they are the only rhyth mical Effusion s i n the magazine; which altogether affords good opportunity for improvement. DOLMAN. Guided by experience, the new editor proceeds upon his mission w ith even increased a b il i ty; the articles are generally select e d w i t h discrim i nat i on, t h ey are attrac tive in their theme, and have a very singular and pleas ing diversity of style. In this latter respect one might almost identify the writer of each without the assistance of their signatures: the galloping, beige-and-ditch pre cipitation of John Keegan, the earnest, though some what crude beauties of the compositions of Mr. Price, the lucid precision of Mr. Jerningham, the sonorous but rather elaborated mannerisms of the author of the " Analysis of Wit," and especially the scholarly, yet natural eloquence of Mr. Keon. All these may be de tected without much trouble, and their great dissimilarity, together with their different amount of merit, impart to this magazine the charm of discursiveness, We pre sume we may now regard Dolman as numbering amongst the prominent miscellanies. It has proceeded with an un usual appearance of vigour for fifteen months, and instead of dwindling away to the average tenuity of new publications, it has ripened in merit as time has elapsed. The opening paper for May has considerable interest, being a narration of the persecutions inflicted upon "The Catholics of England." It extends in point of time to the reign of the boy king, Edward VI. The compilation reflects much credit upon the industry and impartiality of Mr. Jerningham. " A Tale of the Falls," by the Rev. E. Price, has a dual attraction, see ing that it recounts a perilous escape from a cataract, and hinges mainly upon the conversion of the writer to Catholicity. " Gleanings in the Green Isle" displays the same animation as ever, but, unfortunately, the same want of concentration. It is aptly followed by a metrical tribute to the "Lakes of Killarney," by Mr. James Silk Buckingham. " Vicissitudes of Illustrious Men" has no little novelty in the subject selected for the re 'ent number-namely, the roman t i c hi story of l ) ' Na poleon's Paladin, Murat. We remember no separate narrative of this extraordinary man—indeed, we believe this to be the first memoir of his life which has ever ap peared, at least in the English language. The editor has restricted himself to a critical notice of a remarkable work, published not long since, and called "Rome as it was under Paganism, and as it became under the Popes." On the whole, we admire the panegyrics lavished on the author, because we conceive them to be honest and dis criminating. In one particular, however, we think the reviewer has displayed an undue leniency —he lauds the book in its entirety. Now, here we seriously think him to be at fault. The two volumes are undoubtedly superb in their imaginativeness, in their erudition, and in their artistic excellence; but we regard them as decidedly de ficient in symmetry of construction—they are void of that sequential perspicacity of narration, without which a literary work cannot be regarded as faultless. It is a glorious assemblage of fragments, but they are discon nected and confused in arrangement. As a specimen of the poetry in Dolman's Magazine, we transcribe several verses from an exquisite coatribution addressed to the E. E. M. K.:— subject of " Spring," and subscribed by the initials A beam and a gush of tears—bless'd tears! From relenting spheres, Have pierced my dungeon's gloom ; And now uprisen from chains, from prison, I float on clouds of bloom! A zone, and a kirtle green—tender green, With the trickling sheen Of molten diamonds spread, These have lured, from its cell immured, The snowdrop's virgin head ! I smile and the stirring mould—miser mould, Of ILy bourdea gob a, A boon is forced to yield; As it up-creeps in dazzling heaps, The crocus gilds the field. I weep, and the violets bloom—purple bloom, In a leafy gloom, (Like sweet thoughts barn of sorrow) Than which no gem my diadem Of rarer werth might borrow. My feet as the meads they skim—deftly skim, From the mountain's rim, A trail of lustre bear ; Emerald gloss for the sprouting moss, Sheen for the piping air. - And see, in my wild-wood bowers—happy bowers, The white may-flowers, As saints immaculate, Whose starry eyes look up to the skies With beam-light saturate! FRASER. Fraser contains a number of very readable articles this month, but scarcely any of them refer to subjects requiring discussion, or that can give rise to any lengthened observations. " Past and Present Condition of British Poetry" gives a succinct and on the whole an impartial account of the poets that came in with King George 111., and those that flourished during his reign. And it may be mentioned as a curious fact, that all the great, celebrated poets of the age closed their labours with the close of his reign. Byron died four years after that period, Campbell, and Scott, and Crabbe, and Moore may be said to have then finished their poetical labours, and not one has sprung up since that is really entitled to the name, and we can therefore hardly see how the writer will be able to find materials, as he promises, for another paper on the present condition of our poetry. " The Principal Campaigns in the Rise of Napoleon" are continued, and the present article is entirely devoted to the campaign of Marengo. In that we find little novelty, for the history of the remarkable battle, re markable for its results, as well as for the mode in which it was gained, is generally known. It was an ac cident to which Bonaparte's genius and courage con tributed nothing. Dessaix and Killerman did the work, but the prime agent was the old, incapable Austrian General, Melas, who, in place of following up the most complete victory ever gained, went to sleep at one o'clock in the day, and when he awoke found his army utterly ruined. " Something more about Victor Hugo" gives a very fair opinion respecting the works of the French poet and peer, and will enable the reader to judge for himself, for there are long extracts given from his works, with a free translation in English. There is a well arranged summary of the campaign on the Sutlej, with a description of the battles and the country where they were fought. It is extremely im partial. All due praise is given to Sir Hugh Gough for his resolution, daring courage, and ultimate success, bet doubts are occasionally thrown on his mode of command ing an army, and some blame is attached to him for trusting more to English bayonets and English bravery than to judicious arrangements and manmuvring, by which the writer thinks many lives might h a ve t een spared. The charge is not unfounded, and p oss ibl y Gough would have had less reason to boast, nay, might have been defeated, if he bad commanded any other troops. The writer thus sums up his remarks:— are . a absor b ed and . .become an integral "The Seikhs have been punished by the privation of all that fertile district which lies between the Sutlej and the Hyphasis or Beass. The w h ole b of the protected states, as portion of the British empire. O ne million and a half ster cShirhenhaaarrynobl ling is demanded as compensation for the expenses of the war, and military occupation of the whole of the Punjaub is to be held till the full amount shall be paid. And a re they used to be called, Smith hasge'been arrangement of the Seikh army is to take place, on such a plan as the Governor-General shall judge best for the preser y earned ; and vation of peace both at home and abroad. Finally, Sir Hen Hardinge has been created Viscount Hardin y, Sir on all the other officers and men engaged ho heaped, which may gratify the country honours have been but can add nothing to the high fam Hugh w a r d e G d o w u g i t h l; e ef h bestows them, They have been thanked by both nous the recepients. they are thanked by every man, woman, :s_of Parliament ; out the empire; and even they who mourn nd child through their nearest of kin find comfort i . over the fall of 0 the th ought that they sUbaneletnedallowed to usurp rni a e t a e , lo c yf o n ht t ha a ev i n e TAIT'S -7 . -- The arcleThe Tariff. anclvtehiet dOigreegsotend,'a' States, and the account Government of the Fountry. We fear there is but too much truth in the view . which . the writer takes of the populace, and th© ruinous influence they have upon all statesmen not endued with virtuous principles, and, above all, moral courage. The mob, la fact, guide the i u n n A fo condition m rt Amer destiny of the young Republic. The tames of Wa3h ington, Jefferson, and others of the same class, are, to all appearance, revered, but , the y are revered as were the names of Brutus and t,assius: and others of the same school, when Rome was sunk in slavery, and the people only thought of indulging their. grovelling appetites. " The plague of demagogues is upon the land —the com promises of the Constitution are trampled. under foot— E partiesot h fn e tghlei s presenttmh ana t the tyranny of the numerical 2 31, ajor i t _ y is complete." And in another place he says-- The tyranny of public opinion in this country paralyses the boldest hearts, and courage as moral . a virtue is nearly extinct, in all the relations, public or private,. o.f American life." This is a sad picture, but we believe it . is true to the letter, and that America, of all places in the world, is the very last which a man of refined habit s and independent mind would select for his residence. Mobs are the most cruel, the moat unrelenting, and the most unjust of all tyrants. Some hopes are held out that the Senate will have the courage to resist both the mob and Polk, rand the very long time they have taken in coming t• a decision is favourable to the opinion. "I am tolerably confident," says the writer, in summing up his remarks " that in a very short time a resolution would pass the Senate, recommending the Executive to adjust the matter peacefully and by com promise." We are surprised to see Tait devoting six or cmds:hos s vi iceia e naliomnh v evli yt e laeal: n rniatrel :oaf o oiaocodon, f mrniikdeeo h me,xt i tdo s lco valuable pages to the miserable, trifling and except common-places l ir a n c t ethhse the shape ha s ra u .,p. c ea h on a df amenaanna absurdity find not ; C o; a r r a t e i n s d . as originallfVoer correct info rmation,,lne ast h at entered,tlttioof philosophyho the beheading t n ol i cc n t oe a f i i s totally out of the question. c a a x p i o e u l s a t u o d d e w s i c t r h i b m e t u h e eh mg or cia ev oot G s3futf. ki e pse r pit: m sla. s a ssnrsrb n , yvde3bis, p eat sueehett reason eua? l ien o aana s snrse o utopH p wri le h soei c e dfr coo : siprnht aift opalthis who, nlhailids.nne the f a a n mi s fi Ts o a f : g on :i s i i ring the n t i h e n thesaobrer national q s u w et o , ‘ d S s c o : o n_t u br i, e tTe Ellh countenance, cp s e s: t u ' h s j ' ei ' a t roc comes as S n c tco o h Scotch man; and, so often to be perceived in the Scotch, and which justifies the expression, Sombre Ecossais, has al ways seemed to be connected, as well as their moist and misty atmosphere, with the impression on the minds of the Scotch, that with the head of the unfortunate Mary fell too the crown o f S cot l and, and was broken to pieces.' The following are the concluding remarks on the "Posi tion and Prospects of Sir Robert Peel :" " The crisis is an inviting one to a man of so mach ambition as the Premier is known to be. The breaking up of old par ties has devolved more influence on the great floating balance of shrewd quiet citizens, with no strong party predispositions, than has been witnessed at any earlier period of our history The more general diffusion of wealth and intelligence has made this element in society more extensive and stronger, independent altogether of the weakening of party combina tions, than it ever was before. Sections of society, too, have risen into political importance, with wants and wishes which the old hereditary distinctive measures of Whig or Tory can neither gratify nor discomfit. Common sense embodied in practical measures—legislative and administrative, for the real wants of the age, and with respectful, not slavish deference to its opinions —are what will establish a Ministry in office. Peel, certainly, has no claims to implicit confi dence ; his juvenile antecedents are against him ; but if he has not yet unreservedly devoted himself to the promotion of such a policy as Liberals could support, how stand the Whigs? While in power, they played fast and loose with the princi ples, by professing which they had acquired it. Of Peel it may be sate, that 1115 actioue have been better than Ills bad professions; of the Whigs, that their actions have been worse than their good professions. Neither have claims to our en tire confidence for the past; it is the future of both that must decide. Peel, we have shown, stands on a vantage ground for this renewal of the cottest : it remains to be seen whether he will have the clear-sightedness and intrepidity to avail himself of it. Mr. Cobden told him, not long ago, that in consequence of his free trade measures, he would find himself most popular in the manufacturing districts, were he to visit them. The substitution of measures really capable of reliev ing Ireland, for coercion—the appointment of a Lord Lieu tenant, who, with the genial sympathies, and perhaps some thing of the theatrical dash of Lord Norrnanby, combined with higher intellect and sounder common sense —would render him equally popular in Ireland. The change impend ing in the leading political agents, and in the views and tem per of the popular party in that country, invites to the ex periment. The introduction of measures calculated to impose a check on the petulance of privileged sectarianism —to place the adherents of all religious sects more on a footing of social, as well as political equality —to unsectarianize public educa tion in the way least calculated to exasperate or grate on popular prejudices, would conciliate an important body of notpoonret et t t h h e r s o e u c g o h u o r u s te courses n t g p l o a l t i t c d y and Scotlandh Sir izo . bertApn Peel l t eis not adopt, with as much honour to himself, and augmentation of his influence over the sounder part of public opinion, as free trade. Nobody believes him to be imbued with sectarian prejudices; no one believes hint fond of daring coercive, forcible measures. His opinions, and natural disposition, alike incline him to rational and liberal modes of government. lie has emancipated himself from old party connexions : one step farther, and he may take new ones that really do him honour. The hour has come which must stamp his historical character. The next few months will determine whether he is to be handed down to posterity as a greater Minister than England ever had before hint, or as one who almost became a great Minister." DOUGLAS JERROLD'S SHILLING MAGAZINE. This is an excellent number of Douglas Jerrold. " St. Giles and St. James," " Juniper Hedgehog," and the " History for Young England," are all continued in the present number. The character of King John, in the " History for Young England," is admirably summed up in a few words :—" He died on the 19th of Oewber, in the 49th year of his age and the 17th of his reign, more thoroughly hated, and more deservedly condemned to everlasting infamy, than any other man of whom history keeps contemptuous record." This sentence is perfect—it is impossible to add to, or take from it, without weakening its effect. This number also contains a smartly written article on " May-day," by Angus Reach, and a searching, withering satire, entitled " The Poor Man's Coat," from the pen of Cooper, the Chartist poet ; in addition to a variety of other articles, all good of their kind. THE HOME. We scarcely think there is so much talent in this se cond Number as in its predecessor. From the conclu sion of the review of " Cromwell's Life and Letters," we quote this quaint and picturesque description of the great Oliver, clothed in garment of " rich black velvet, with cloak of the samo, and hat with band of gold." The limning is that of Thomas Carlyle : " A man of five feet ten or more, of strong solid stature, and dignified, now partly military carriage ; the expression of him valour and devout intelligence —energy and delicacy on a basis of simplicity. Fifty-four years old, gone April last; brown h a i r an d moustache are getting grey. A figure of sufficient impressiveness —not lovely to the man-miliner species, nor pretending to be so. Massive stature; big massive head, of somewhat leonine aspect; wart above the right eyebrow; nose of considerable blunt aquiline propor tions; strict yet copious lips, full of all tremulous sensibili ties, and also, if need were, of all fierceness and rigours I deep loving eyes, call them grave, call them stern, looking from under those craggy brows as if in lifelong sorrow, and yet not thinking it sorrow, thinking it only labour and en deavour ;on the whole, a right noble lion-face and hero face, and to me royal enough." The Home Magazine must be more solid in its character if it be expected to last. SPRTIG. An average number O of this monthly, its contents being good, bad, and indifferent. We regret to per ceive that Henry Hie-over has concluded his paper on " Horses—Purchasers and Purchasing." He must re consider his determination, and make a series of it. Mr. Mills becomes somewhat garrulous about a " Wild Legend of the West," and the " Recollections of a Griff" are as amusing as hitherto. But the " Sporting Intelligence" is the principal requisite of such a periodi cal, and in this department the Sporting Magazine dis plays much ability. COLONIAL. For colonial intelligence no publication condenses so much information into such small compass as the pre sent. This arises, no doubt, from the pratice of its entrepreneur, and the multitude of correspondence for warded to him from all quarters of the globe. The de partment of fiction is ably occupied by a continuation of " The Emigrant," by Mr. Leigh ; while, for travels and adventures, we have the " Rides, Rambles, and Sketches in Texas," by Charles Hooton. His description of the bowie knife is not uninteresting:— " Having already mentioned the bowie .knife, as not only so common but so formidable a weapon, both in Texas and the whole South, the reader will perhaps be not displeased to hear a little more of it—the various tragical hand-to hand exploits which have been from time to time performed, even amongst the " highest circles" of that quarter of the world, through its agency, having conferred upon it a de gree of bloody and horrible distinction never yet acquired by many of its elder brethren of the same craft. Let it not, however, be regarded altogether in the light of an engine of human slaughter ; since, in many other respects, it is one of the most useful of articles to the settler and the frontierrnan. The same blade which this morning, perhaps, was buried to the hilt in the body of an enemy—or it may be of a friend, with whom its owner had a ditliculty'—will also serve to night to carve the venison for supper ; to skin and cut up the hunter's game; to extract hooks from the gullets of pon derous red fish, when its master goes a fishing; or to supply any other need, no matter how small (if not too small for its own size), for which a knife can possibly be required." The other contributions are generally worth a reading. THE FARMERS'. A clever copy from a photographed portrait of Mr. Clark Hillyard heads th© Farmers' Magazine for May; and a more appropriate opening could scarcely have been selected than a memoir and a " counterfeit present ment" of the author of " Practical Farming and Griming." The usual proportion of sound and instruc tive essays lend a value to the current number of this periodical. Among the most curious of the disserta tions, we may mention the experiments to determine the effect of barley and :malt on the milk of cows, and an other on the steeping of seeds in sulphuric acid. It is impossible not to admire the honest earnestness with which this publication advocates the agricultural interest. CHURCH OF ENGLAND. Well assorted, but tarnished with a partizan spirit, this magazine will satisfy its readers, and now-a-days that is the principal requisite. The article on George Brummell is written in rather a questionable strain; we dislike seeing a mournful spectacle, authenticated by name, held up in an invidious light. THE BELLE ASSEMBLER. There are no less than twenty-five separate contribu tions in the present number, which possesses, moreover, its usual amount of ability and mediocrity. Tales, and metrical fragments, and critical notices, and legends, are jumbled together according to the most approved fashion of Belle Assemblee editorship, Without either congruity or contrast. We may particularise Miss Elizabeth Youatt's contribution as the most meritorious, because possibly the most inartificial. Both the poetry and . the illustrations are scarcely deserving of allusion, since they they are so irredeemably mincing ; we often regreo see the words of Byron tagged-on as a kind of ..ceany. explana tion to some abortive frontispiece . to this . m t is e Let us recommend more caution i n future, h deformity juxta positionli of immortal beauty with evanescent in by repe tition. becomes absolutely painful when pe rsisted THE PEOPLE'S JOURNAL. Still advancing in its very noble and laudable cause— the cause of the million—the enlightenment of the m a ss —and the regeneration of mankind generally, th e People's Journal has a decided claim upon the sy m p a thy of all British subjects without distinction. It has an extraordinary corps of literary assistants, in the persons of the flowitts, Angus B. Reach, Fredrika Bremer, W. J. Fox, Thomas Cooper, and Camilla Toul min. Lectures, essays, letters, legends, and poetry, form tEe bulk of its materials, and altogether are- re markable for a sound, healthy tone, and a generous spirit. The illustrations too, are more than ordinary ; the sketch of the Hutchinson Family in particular, being grouped and penciled with a tasteful hand. We cordially recommend this periodical to the public, for its strong sense, and its natural tone. THE ALMANACK FOR THE MONTH: Gilbert a Beckett, Horace Mayhew, and Mark Lemon are among the contributors to the present number of this monthly repository of fun. There are materials for half a dozen excellent farces, at least, in this num ber of the Almanack. THE ENGLISHWOMAN'S MAGAZINE. Very excellent in its typography, and equally miscel laneous in its literature, this magazine reflects honour on the taste and judgment of the editress. One of the most sensible articles in the May number, is the one en titled " The influence of English Women ca English Li terature." We commend it to all fair readers as the ex position of a new field in which their " influence" has operated. THE KNIGHT OF G WYNNE. Part IV. Though comparatively few incidents are introduced in these c h a p ters, more interest is excited for the vari ous characters of the tale, and those characters are more fully dev e l o p e d t h an in all the preceding chapters in the three former num b ers. The debate in the Irish Parlia ment is depi cte d w i th peculiar skill, especially in the episode of Bag en al D aly ' s quarrel. All the most inter esting personages of the story are placed in a somewhat embarrassing plight by the flight of the Knight's lawyer to ? I, merica, and the part before us ends with the prepa rations made by Daly for his pursuit to Liverpool during a . tempestuou s night. Mr. Lever has chosen a most ex citing epoch in his country's history for the period of his story. PICTORIAL BALLADIST. Part T /IL PICTORIAL SHAKSPERE. Part VIII. These are an economical series of poetry that can never diminish in the estimation of mankind ; and it is ever a source of gratification to us to see copies of them multiplied for circulation at a cheap rate among the ,populace, Such editions we look upon as boons to the people. There are twenty •four neat wood engravings in the numbers lying upon our desk. They are neatly printed ; and the text is accurate in most instances. THE 'CEDED TERRITORY IN THE 'PITNJAUB. We shall doubtless soon be in possession of the articles of the impending treaty between the new re-organised Seikh Government, on the one side, and the British In dian Empire on the other. We look forward with no small anxiety to the official publidation of a document which must exercise so beneficial an influence on the productive resources of India, and the renewed commer cial prosperity of our provinces in particular, which has been sadly disturbed by the late hostilities, and shall, in the meantime, endeavour, though inadequately, we fear, to draw the public attention to one grand particular, on which the late proclamation decrees all negotiations must be based. We allude to the annexation of the districts, hill and plain, between the Beas and Sutlej. If the founding of a colony has been pronounced a great na tional enterprise, requiring the undivided energy of the Legislature, t o i nsure to the fullest extent any reason able prospect of success, surely the prope r manage ment of a di s t r i ct so important in every way, botli,, political and c ommercial, as that which has so 2lately" been added to our alrea?). Colossal Empire, will r equ i re , and will doubtless re.,eive, ev er y financial attention from the authorities in India which it is their habit to bestow. But this is not all that is required at their hands in the present days of enlightened progression. It will be their bounden duty to institute a scientific and minute survey; its climate, soil, and capacities of pro duction, must be deliberately inquired into by compe tent persons employed for this especial purpose, and the lessons which th e exper i ence o f t h e past cannot but have taught, will not fail to direct such manifestly difficult and absolutely necessary inquiries. We have no means of ascer aining to our satisfaction the precise surface of the annexed districts, but may form some approximate notion of the amount by tracing the boundary rivers, pre mising before doing so that we are indebted to Thorn ton's Gazetteer for our information on the subject. The Beas takes its source on the southern verge of the Ri tanka pass, in Lahoul, a Himmalayan region, north-east of the Punjaub, at a point about 13,200 feet above the sea, in lat. 32 34, lon. 77 12. The river then takes a southerly course of about 100 miles to Mundee, in the vicinity of which are productive mines of salt and iron, forming, even now, the greater part of the revenue of the tributary Raja of the province. It requires no great amount of discernment to predict, taking their advantageous locality into consideration, that these mines, with the aid of European resources and machi nery, might be rendered infinitely more productive. At this place the river is from 150 to 200 yards wide, with a depth of twelve feet. From Mundee the Bees takes a course of fifty miles, chiefly westerly, to Nadaun, a much-frequented spot, being on the direct route from India to Kashmeer. This point would probably be a good spot for a small cantonment, on account of the importance of its position ; the site, moreover, is de. lightful, and during the days of its earlier prosperity was celebrated for its beautiful gardens. From the rich ness of the soil it had acquired an enviable celebrity, as the proverb which Vigne quotes would testify, " Who will come to Nadaun and then leave it ?" From Nadaun the Beas takes a wide sweep of about eighty miles to the north-west, and having entered the plains of the Punjaub, in about lat. 23 deg. 5 min., long. 75 deg. 20 min., turns southward, a course which it follows for about eighty miles further to its confluence at Endressa, near the Hurreeke Ghat, with the Sutlej. The length of the river to this point may be s t a t e d at from 310 to 320 miles. The united stream bears the name of the Gharah until its confluence with the Chenab. Let us now turn to the Sutlej, the most easterly of the rivers of the Punjaub, and which, in spite of its being the most fa miliar by name, is also the least known, for its source has not been visited by any Europeans in consequence of the vigilance and jealousy of the Chinese, within whose ter ritory it lies. It is, however, supposed to be on the south side of the Kailas, or peaked mountain, on the north of which the Indus is thought to have its source. It rushes, with amazing rapidity, in a north-westerly direction, for about 150 miles, as far as Nako, in lat. 31 deg. 50 min., lon. 78 deg. 36 min., at no great distance from which it receives the Lee, or River of Spiti, at an elevation of about 8,600 f eet a b ove the sea. Here the united stream is called by different designations, but is known throughout by the name of the Sutlej. Below the confluence its general course is south-west, with a very rapid declivity to Rampoor. From this latter spot to Belaspoor, its course is generally west and south west ; hence it holds a very winding course to Boopur, where it makes its way through the low sandstone range of Jhejwan, and finally enters the plains of the Punjaub. It then passes between Philor and Loodianah, and its width, at the season when lowest, may be stated approximately at 250 yards, with an average depth of seven feet. Up to this point the stream is navigable at all seasons, for vessels of ten or twelve tons burthen, and in these days of improvement we see nothing to prevent steam from being made available in light vessels to the very foot of the hills. We have already noticed its confluence with the Beas. The whole length of the Sutlej, up to this point, has been estimated at 570 miles, one hundred and thirty of which may be said to be in the plains. To the north-east the Himmalaya range forms an elevated barrier. The area of the plain dis trict, situated between these several boundaries, viz., the hills, the Beas, and the Sutlej, may therefore, at a rough estimate, be calculated, at the least, at 8,500 square miles. We have not materials sufficient to enable us to form even an approximate value of the extent of the hill provinces, as we do not exactly know their extent to the East, where they adjoin the Chinese empire. Our attention will next be naturally drawntothe ex isting stat e of th e diff erent c iti es scatte re d at no very distant interval s over thi s ei ! paza in dr, o f formerly the e oun try. The first, perhaps, in importance, principal residence of the L.odPA . _ . ffghan dynasty. It is situated in a tract of amazing fertility, amidst flourishing orchards of mangoes and other trees, and, though once a place of great celebrity, as the vast number of large and handsome mausoleums in its neighbourhood would testify, has still, at the present day, a* population of about 40,000. Rajwarrah, on the direct route from Loodianah to Lahore, containing a population of about 15,000, situated in an equally fertile region, must not be passed over unnoticed. There are also other places, Mundee, Kupoorthalao, Kurtapoor, &c., on which se could dilate, but the above brief account will serve to convey some slight idea of the value of the appropriated district, which may, in strict truth, from its adaptation for the richest cultivation, be termed the garden of Upper India. Our information regarding the hill dis tricts is, on the other hand, painfully scanty, but we, doubt not that they will be found, on minute survey from their more northerly position, to exceed in value any similar portion in our own provinces, and that the mineral and ether resources will amply repay the energy of British enterprise, provided that enterprise be directed with proper spirit and discretion. The great error hitherto committed in regard to new acquiai sitions will, we trust, not be again re p ea t e d. W e h ave heretofore allowed their extent, surface, produce, and consequently capacities of commerce, to be neglected is a most unpardonable and unstatesmanlike manner, and in a way too most prejudicial to our interests. A single instance, so remarkably appropriate, will suffice, though many similar cases m i g ht b e a dd uce d. Th e Dh o on of Dehra and the adjacent hills fell into our possession in to 1817, and nearly thirty years have been all ow e d ot. a elapse before ev e n any advan t a g es cNumensuratettnhas of pecuniary kind are derived. Though ti late been excited, and wonders been wrought in a short time, yet how much more might have bee n . effected had our researches been properly and vigorously directed from the first ? How much, and with what compara tive ease might have been accomplished, had an i ntelli gen t and competent man been deputed to ex a m ine upon, for public information, the producti ve lv and report resourcesesmight f this favoured district ? How many va lu able have been saved by the earlier establis hmentiimaof S hatnae c climate of taria in the delightful and invigorating hills ? And how much direct revenyhe m i ght instead of only derived from the Dhoon itself, have been emerging from its jungly coinddlidtioiwnni;olwrcnioilelrddnayosw2ebyeenywieiltdh ing 100,000 rupees a year, as: t Its m i t n o e r b a e l w the humble resources of Indian cu i : i t ati and vegetable productions, to I v ith a ere ? seem s no assignable limit, would e rc this have been fully deve loped instead of now coining to light only partially, and that from isolated instead of combined and well directed exertions. The whole country would have present e d a smiling and refreshing picture of active and happy in dustry, instead of showing to the inquisitive only here and there, what the whole country, under prop er l y di rected management, might become. Enterprise has, however, at length been aroused, and under the auspices of an enlightened Government, will ultimately com mand suecess. The forests alone, under proper regula- tions, would yield a handsome revenue, and furnish a n inexhaustible supply of the most valuable timber ; and we may again take the opportunity of mentioning, as we have done on a former occasion, when we entered on this subject at great, and as we believe to some extent not unfruitful length, that forest science, which origi nated in Germany, from the increased scarcity of wood there, constitutes a separate and distinct branch of edu cation. The importance of the necessary measure of preservation was- readily appreciated by the authorities, and forest academies, in which are taught botany, vegetable physiology, mineralogy, zoology, Bsc., were soon multiplied. We might here take an admirable lesson ; and institutions, with the view to the more perfect preservation of forests, might be easily established, and with every prospect of great ad vantage, under the directions of Government Whilst lamenting our past inactivity, and deploring its necessary consequences, we may learn to be wise in time. The dis trict annexed by the late proclamation, of which we have given so imperfect a sketch, presents extraordinary features which require only to be developed to render the possession as important, in a commercial, as it most undoubtedly is in a political point of view. All the varied and natural productions, which admit of indefi nite improvement, and only require the fostering hand of European enterprise, have th e b est outlets imaginable in the noble Sutle j , and . in the Beas which mi g h t , with ga very little trouble, b e rendered navi ble, thence to be transported by water c arr i age to the mouth of the Indus and thence to be distributed to the world. In the simple item of agriculture we cannot hope or expect too much, as the means of the most extensive irrigation are beyond calculation. Let us not, tamely or unwisely, follow in the steps of our predecessors, but, with the increased moral supremacy of our Government, which has proved to the world that we know how to conquer, let us teach the more difficult lesson, that we know how " to occupy." Let us set about investigating these matters with a de termined resolution to cherish and improve the condi tion of the inhabitants—indifferent as to the outlay at the first, because well assured of an ample return at no lergthed interval. Let the forests in the hills and the plains be an especial object of attention ; in ft.; let minute surveys and scientific investigations be forthwith instituted: let us, at once, proceed to do, without any unnecessary delay, what in the days of our past negligence we should have taken years to con s ider. The expendit ure at t h e first must be * liberal, prspor tionate, of course, to the bright anticipations of success, and we are confident the revenues of the district will be increased to an untold extent. But, above all, we shall teach our new subjects a lesson which they will not be slow to appreciate, that a financial increase-- • derivable from the present revenue--is not all we have in view, but that their welfare and their prosperity is something in the scale, and that we are anxious, as the paramount power in India, to prove to them, beyond a shadow of a doubt, that they are likely to benefit, not only politically, but in all that makes home a blessing__ the protection of life and property, by the change of rule. We could enlarge upon the mighty prospects opened out to our view, but the length to which our article has already attained warns us to forbear ; we shall one day hope to revert to this magnificent subject, and we trust, too, with more satisfactory details of in formation.—From the Delhi Gazette, Feb. 28. GUERNSEY and its LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR. (From the United Service Mag April azine.) Gurnsey, . Mr. Edit or ,—Th e letter of ex- e Captain Guerin, l4th whi lB46 ch ap peared in your number of this month, contains a foul calumny on a very deserving soldier and his wife. The following statement on the subject, very moderately drawn up as regarding Mr. Guerin's conduct, I request the publication of, in your May number, as an act of justice due to Private Gilgas, who is a particularly well-behaved man. WILLIAM NAPIER, Lieutenant -Governor. TO Ms EXCELLENCY MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM NUKE; COL, &C., &C., LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR, GUERNSEY. Gsey, April t 846 Sir,—ln th e l ast number of the uern United Servi 9 ceh,Journ.al, there appears a letter, dated, " Guernsey, March 14th, 184 6, " bearing the si gna t ure " John C. Guerin. ' As the latter part of that letter professes to give a relation of the circumstances of the case of Private Gilgas (27th Depot), and then assumes conclusions upon it, both at variance with fact, I trust your Excellency will permit me to lay before you the following statement in refutation and correction. As your Excellency is aware, it is true that an action was brought in November last against a man of the militia by name George Vigors, for assaulting Gilgas, snapping his fire lock in his face on the high road, and that in respect of Vigors an alibi was proved. Bat so far from the Court believing that the offence had not been committed, it directed search and inquiry to be made for the offender,'as five or six men were stated to have left Captain Guerin's company before it was dismissed. Some evidences deposed to more men. When Colonel Harvey as sembled the company afterwards to make inquiry, I have heard ten men stepped out, to say they had quitted it before it was dismissed, and I have also understood one of those men in appearance was so like Vigors (the man accused by Gilgas) as to be easily undistinguishable from him b y a p not previously a cqua i n t e d w i th either, yet Captain Guerin swore confidently that no t more than five men had left. To clear the character of the said five, admitted to have left, the Lieutenant-Colonel of the regiment, who is a brother of Captain Guerin, thought it necessary to 'bring a counter action against Gilgas for wilful and corrupt perjury. Upon the preliminary examination requisite for the action to lie, and after a great number of evidences had been exa mined (causing the " repeated adjournments " the writer in the United Service Journal mentions), the charge against Gilgas was dismissed; the bailiff of the Court having re marked that the evidence given by Gilgas and Fry at the trial of Vigors bad been throughout unequivocal and staight forward. Yet in the face of this dismissal of the charge, the writer in the United Service Journal speciously asserts the evidence was not sufficient, legally, to convict Gilgas. Of course it was not, or if there bad been a likelihood of it, Gilgas would have been sent to take his trial, to be con victed or acquitted legally. After this dismissal of the charge the writer in the United Service Journal plausibly goes on to state " that Gilgas con sidered this a narrow escape, from the fact that neither he nor his supporters have since dared to sue Lieutenant-Colonel Guerin for damages, well knowing in a public action for damages it would have been impossible to prevent the most conclusive proof of Gilgas' perjury from being brought for ward. This is merely an individual's rash assertion in face of the Court's decision after an examination of every witness that could be brought to bear upon it, including, I presume, " the four impartial witnesses" the writer in the United Service Journal states he has discovered, "who were prepared to swear no assault whatever was committed as pretended by Gilgas, that the whole statement was a pure invention." That writer's sequitur of not daring to sue in fear of his alleged consequences, is erroneous. The simple fact was, that as the charge for wilful and cor rupt .perjury was thus dismissed in prima via, it was consi dered as entirely satisfactory to the character of Gilgas, that he nad not made a charge of " pure invention," and it was thought then preferable and better, to endeavour to allow the bad feeling which with regret was observed to be in existence between a portion of two classes of her Majesty's subjects in this island, to subside, by taking no further steps in the matter, than by re-cross prosecutions to keep fanning its flame. In this spirit and no other was the matter recommended to be dropped, and though regretting the remooting of the subject, yet from the publication of that letter, I deem it to be an act of justice to Private Gilgas, as well as to others, thus as briefly as possible to correct and refute it to your Ex cellency.—l have the honour, &c., S. E. GOODMAN, Major, 27th Regiment (commanding Dep6t). THE CARD TRICK AGAIN I Notwithstanding the frequent cautions to strangers, which appear in the columns of the local papers, to be on their guard against the many impostors by whom the quays and other thoroughfares of this great town are infested, it will be seen that so far, at least, as Mr. Robert Frazer, a young along Scotch gentleman, is concerned, all those cautions have been disregarded. Mr. Frazer, it appears, has arrived in gentleman '' Liverpool with the intention of proceeding to America, morning before, but he was and is staying in town at the Angel Hotel in Dale kiremngoniously the docks when he was accosted by a : lo re:. he had Ye n e te v rc e i r a seen wveasry unce remoniously took the liberty of asking him where h Frazer was communicative : he was going ewas going. Mr. Britain. The " gentleman"—singular to see the Great to see the monster t Th coincidenc,e—w • 00. ey wentas going vessel ; admired her acco h o w together. They saw the and when they returned ons above and below decks; treat Mr. Frazer to a glass o; the " gentleman" would street. Mr. Frazer consent wine at a tavern in Stanhope " gentleman" was sitting, h ed, and in the parlour another the heavy losses he had sus t ained w o ? after awhile, began to describe playing. " But," he sustained the night before at card. added, ~ if, I I should have been I had lost my money fairly perfectly satisfied • regularly tricked out of it." • as it was, I was simple Mr. Frazer. ~ virh " How tricked ? " asked the y,by betting on red, when all the red cards had been • surreptitiously abstracted from the pack," was the rely. "I should lik e i s see th e trick," said Mr. Frazer. "With all the pleasure imaginable, I'll show it you," responded the "gentleman -" and thereupon he drew out a pack of cards, and apparently abstracted all the black ones from the pack. Mr. Frazer would bet. "Just for the fun of the thing he would try his hand once, though it was -plain that all the chances were in his favour." He bet a sovereign upon red. Black was turned up. The "gentleman" fobbed the sovereign. Mr. Frazer would try again. " The chances were so much in his favour, that he surely must win this time." He bet another sovereign upon red. Black was turned up. " The " gentleman" fobbed a second sovereign. " Well, it was very odd," thought Mr. Frazer; "all the black cards had been visibly abstracted, and yet black camo up.." He would try again, however. "There was luck in odd numbers." He bet a third sovereign upon red. Black was turned up. The "gentleman" fobbed a third sovereign. A new light now broke m upon Mr. Frazer. He said "it wa s a swindle—a cheat—and his companions were blacllegs ," and he demanded his money back. They offered him ten shillings if he would just keep his tongue quiet while they turned the next corner, but he refused. He ran to the door and called "Police." Ile had not to call long, for two of the police in coloured clothes bad seen Mr. Frazer and his blackleg companion re t u rn from the Great Britain to the tavern ; and having formed a pretty shrewd guess that "some thing was 111),,, they kept close at hand. The two blacklegs, on bearing the cry of "Police," threw Mr. Frazer his three sovereigns, and were making their escape from th e house, when they were pounced upon by the officers and taken to Bridewell. Bundles of notes of Ba n k of E l found found in their pocket-books ; and fro legance were Parkinson, it appeared that the m the testimony of Mr. well. They gave their names John Rob well known at Bride- Nicholls, and they were both e Robinson and Thomas. of conspiracy to defraud.— . committed for trial on a charge , ........—werP°°l Courier' THE NEW SEWER IN FLEET-STREET.—Friday even ing, about seven o'clock, some alarm was created in Fleet-street, in consequence of the sudden falling in of a portion of the centre of the road, nearly opposite Anderton's Hotel. On inquiry, it appeared that the cause of the occurrence, which might have been attended with othfethmeosntedw sewerisastrou ha v ing consequences, w was a the fact of one of the arches the bed of thy„ road having fallen in with it. Fleet-street is therefore again likely to be blocked Butpreefotr r a en ti d m er e e , d th d e an a g b e o r v o e us pl b a y ce th b o ei f n a g ul b t y y it t e at n a te o a c ti t s ia t , h ar e c o h a e l a y a o t ti th e f e n n t e h w e sewer. Fortunately no accident happened. INCENDIARIBM BY AN IDIGT.—On Friday last a hge hay-rick, the property of Air. SmaUcombe, of Leech Pool Farm, near Broughton, was set on fire by a boy named Zebedee Abbott, an idiot, and the greater part destroyed. Had it not been for the exertions of the inspector and three of the police, together with some farm labourers, the whole must have been consumed; but they ma ng d to save about three tons of the hay. Abbott has been brought before the magistrates and discharged, but is at present in the Union Work-- housc.—Derset Qautte.