The Sun. — London, England, 1852-04-01 00:00:00

1' TUE tra ' fleet to the - Dardanelles. When he arrived here many I A w usmonstrations of a hien spontaneous met twith no character encouragementaracter took e place in - his' favour, er at the hands of the Government or the aristocracy. Nevertheless, there were certain foreign powers whits took offence at these demonstrations, and they demanded the expulsion of those exiled politicians who had taken refuge in this country, justifying their demand by pointing to a request which the British Government, at a former period, made upon the President and Republic of America to discountenance agitation in America upon the subject of Ireland. There was, however, no comparison between the two cases, for, at the time the request was made:upon America, Ireland was in a state bordering upon rebellion, which was not the case abroad, and Lord Granville returned an answer to the demand of Austria, stating that it could not be complied with. The Austrian Government, however, declined to accept the refusal, and repeated their previous demand, or insisted that something should be done to restrain the violence and restrict the combinations of re• jngees in this country. To this latter demand a reply was made on the part of the Foreign-effice that 'be threats of Austria to throw obstacles in the way of English travel lers would not induce the British Government to violate the legitimate hospitality of the country, and he thought this was a reply conceived in a proper spirit. It was a petty course for a foreign po.ver to resort to the trum pery annoyance of individuals as a retaliation up; ,n the British Government for refusing an unjust act, and he wished to express an opinion to that effect. It might be said that since the new Administration had come into office the whole as pect of this question had undergone a change, and in a recant dispa - ch from Austria, the accession of Lord Derby to power was hailed with joy. Now he inferred from that circumstance the conetusion that Austria la boured under a belief that the - for..igu policy of the counly was about to be changed, and he wished the House now emphatically to denounce thkt to be a mistaken ides.—(Hear, hear.) At all events, he was confident that neither Parliament nor the people would sanction any change of policy, and it was therefore nothing but right that the Austrian Go vernment should be undecived in the erroneous impres sion under which it appeared to labour.—( Hear.) If the security of the British traveller was to depend upon the understanding: that the British nation should truckle to Austria, far better would it be that British subjects should abstain from travelling in Austria at all; but he hoped when Austria came calmly to reconsider the nature of their demands they would at once see their impropriety, and consent to withdraw them.—(Hear, hear.) 'The right to travel was secured to the British subject by the law of nations; and when he remembered that few people interfered less with the internal affairs of the countries which they visited than the English traveller, he could not help feeling that it was the duty of the Houss to take care that the right was not unfairly interfered with. Had there been say excuse for these demands made by Austria, on the ground that some British subjects had wantonly and improperly intermeddled and mixed themselves up with the internal affairs of Austria, he could have well understood the admissibility of this demand; but in the absence of any excuse of this sort, the threatened interference with the movements of British travellers was, to say the least, uncalled for, if not unjust.—(Hear.) All English travel lers were held out as objects of suspicion to the police by the Austrian Government. From his knowledge of the country he knew that no such proceedings would have taken place but for the suspicion of the Govern ment of Austria, for there were not a more kind, gentle, and amiable a people than the inha bitants of Southern Germany. The grievances which the Austrian Government complained, and against which they adopted these measures of retalia tion and surprise, were nothing more nor less than the exercise of the right of asylum. This right of asylum was dear to the hearts of the English people from its connexion with some of the most important persons. in history. The edict of Nantes, and the consequent arrival of refugees in this country, led to the establish.. ment of the silk manufacture in Spitalfields, which had since become one of our staple commodities. There were also, perhaps, some of the most eminent men in the country who had reason to be grateful for the hospitality of England. Again, the asylum which we ha.l afforded to refugees at the time of the French revolution could not soon be forgotten by the people of France. IL therefore corEeived that every Englishman would treat with contempt the effort made by a foreign power to destroy the glorious privilege which had always been our boast. At present a foreigner passed unnoticed in the streets of the metropolis, but if he were fAlowed about sad watched by spies. he would at : once become an object of interest and notoriety. He felt convinced that if acme measures were not taken by the House on this subject, there would be a general belief that the Government had sanctioned or approved of the despatches which had been passed between Prince Schwartsenberg and Lord Palmerston. If the Government allowed themselves to be dictated to by Austria there was no reason why other Powers should not also call for the expulsion of refugees belonging to their nations. lie solemnly warned ;he Government against making any pron,i,es which were against the general wish of the country, and which, if pressed, would put an end to the inde peedence of England. The Noble Lord concluded by moving his re:..olution. Lord DUDLEY STUART said he bad great plea sure in caucurring with the views of his H'in. Friend. The Government was confessedly in a minority, and was afraid to go to the count].) ; and suen a Government was certainly not fit to conduct the affairs of the country.—(Laughter from the Ministeri4l benches, and cries tf " Qtusiou.") Hon. Gentle:nen did not like to hear this slid; but it was true, and the consultation which tney had for sot posbessing the confluence of the- coun try was that Price Schwar.s,.nburg and the Austrian Caninet hailed with satisfaction toe advent of Lord De;rby and his party into power. The notion proniul gA. d by the tore ign Government was, that liv.re was a conspiracy among the refuges who had tuken a.ylum here, against their thrones, but would dely any man who calmly rend the papers laid before the Roue to come to any conclusion of the sort, but this certainly might be gathered from these papers, a coretpiracy to force and terrify this Government, if possible, into wow a law more strict then any it had yet in force against th,se unfortunate refugeo*. _ _ Quis tulerit Grgcchos de seditioneguerentes." It was curious to see the amount of impudence which a Government like Austria possessed, as was execopiitied by the dispatches w!iieh Le held in his hand. yotoN7),l4_;_, lONIAN ISLANDS. It may be remembered that when Sir HENRY WARD last convoked ttie present lonian Parliament, he held out a promise cf several important reforms, which seemed to be ardently wished for by the lonians, pro vided the spirit of the new Parliament were more con ciliatory than that of the preceding one. It appears, however, that the Lord High Commissioner's wishes have again been thwarted. In a proclamation addressed to the lonian people, dated the 18th inst., he says in conclusion:— " I have now only to return my thanks to those members of the majority who have honourably redeemed the pledge given upon their election, by supporting a plan which they thought conducive to the true interests of their country. Their names cempr:se all that is most distinguished in Corfu and Cephalonia for talent and integrity. They have been opposed by men whose obj e cts and characters I leave to the judgment of their fellow-citizens. - " - For myself, I can only say, that I have exhausted every means that some political experience could suggest to bring this matter to a happy isue, and that having been thwarted in my designs by men whom I could neither satisfy nor lead, I have not to add to the mortification of failure the belief that it has been caused by any want on my part of frankness or conciliation." A telegraphic dispatch from Trieste states that intel livnce had arrived from Corfu that 22 bankruptcies had taken p!ace at Zlnte, to the amount of about 1,120,000 f., and that others were expected. PREMATURE CONDEMNATION OF IRON VESSELS FOR WAR PURPOSES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING HERALD. Sir,—As an old gunnery officer I cannot allow the re marks made by Lord Palmerston. and followed up by Captain Duncombe, in the House of Commons last night, to go forth to the world, that " iron mer chant steamers are not fitted for the purposes of war," without giving my most unqualified dissent. In the first place, the experiments made and conclusions come to have not been satisfactory to the public, or made with due considaration to a large and powerful interest in this country, via , the iron masters, iron shipbuilders, and "steam-boat proprietors. The purport of the re marksmade, by these gentleman in the British Ho use o f Commons is to inflict a lasting injury to a most im portant branch in this country. By whom have iron vessels been condemned? Not by artillery officers, or those educated and capable of form ing an opinion upon gunnery matters. What have been the experiments upon which this unjust condemnation has been made? Why, a couple of one-sided sections, intended to represent a portion of the side of the Bi moom, fired at from the Excellent, until, as the amateur gunners fancied, an injury was inflicted upon them suffi cient in their estimation to condemn iron vessels for war purposes. . . . . - lask this simple question—Was there a section of a wooden ship placed by its side, and an equal number of rounds fired at it with similar velocities, and a com parison at the time made? How is it possible to arrive at a conclusion upon a subject of such a manitude un less a trial had been made upon wood under similar cir cumstances? Again, admitting the shot break when striking against iron, this is an argument' in favour of the latter material, inasmuch that so large whole is not made upon the opposite side o f the ship, as the shot or fragments pass through —an experi men t not yet tried. In the event of another war, shot will be considered only a secondary projectile. The percussion shell will take the lead, and if reports are true, what effect have these shells upon iron compared with wood? It is stated by an able authority who witnessed the practice at the iron butt with these shells that not one exploded, but only broke, as in the case of shot. Consequently iron has an advantage over wood. Again, I contend that less damage to men at their quarters would be caused by splinters from iron vessels than from weod. Tbis is an experiment not yet tried, which could easily be done by placing canvas screens between decks of the vessels fired at. I contend also that shot holes in iron can be more readily stopped than in wooden vessels, having less thickness of side, and by the assistance of flat iron plates, lined with thick vulcanised India rubber, and a chain from centre set up inside. In conclusion, I maintain that iron has been prema turely condemned, through the opinion and influence of certain amateur artillerymen; and until a vessel of wood and iron of similar scantling be fired at under equal ad vantages, I do assert from my experience in these matters, and opinions formed from having attended various practice upon wood and iron, that iron has most decidedly the advantage over wood—not only in a naval point of view, but as a com mercial question. The Government iron steam-vessels have been prematurely condemned, and others sold out of the service—and why? Because the vessels have been neglected and allowed to rust into holes for want of com mon attention and a little paint. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, J. R. ENGLEDDE, Late Gunnery Lieutenant and Instructor of Practical Gunnery on board her Majesty's ship Excellent. Southampton, March 31, 1852. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. LONDON AND NOLTH•WESTKRN RAn.wAir.--Raturn o : Traffic for the week ending March 23: Passengers. parcels, mails, &c. £22,145 7 9 Merchandise ... 18,428 18 0 Cattle .. ... 789 0 8 Total £42,363 6 5 Correspending week last year ... 41,465 15 11 Note.—The returns as published are exclusive of the traffic of the Huddersfield Canal and Shropshire Union, North Union, Preston and ‘Vyre, South Junction, Manchester and Buxton, and Buckinghamshire Railways, and of the propor tion of traffic deducted under agreement with the North Staffordshire Company. LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. (260 mile° open.)—Traffic ter week ending Mar. 28 £15,891 10 3 Corresponding week in last year (260 miles open) .. ....£14,770 2 7 THE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY.— (MileS in work, 241 C —Return of Traffic for the Week ending March 21, 1852: Passengers, parcels, carriages, horses, dogs, and mails £4,631 3 3 Merchandise and minerals ... 6,094 18 2 Cattle ... 141 2 5 Total £10,867 3 10 Correspnnding week, 1851 (236 miles): Passengers, parcels, &c. x 3,738 11 2 Merchandise, Cattle, & c . 3,503 17 1 Total £7,248 8 3 LONDON AND SOUTH-WESTIMN RAILWAY.—Amount of Traffic tor the week ending March 28:— Passengers ... £6,724 10 8i GoOd3 • .„. „.. 2,539 7 8 Total £9,163 18 4i Corresponding week last year... 8,933 17 6 NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE RAILWAY. ( Miles open,ll2.) Return of traffic for the week ending March 21:— Railway and canal ... £4,780 0 0 Corresponding week last year ... 4,766 0 0 Note. —The above is exclusive of the receipts available under the agreement with the London and North-Western Railway Company. CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY...-TDUSC for the week ending March 28 : MAIN LINE. Passengers Parcels, H. C. and D. Goods, cattle, &c. Mails ... ... Total ... £B9O 13 6 ... 96 4 4 ... 510 8 8 ... 575 0 0 ... £2,072 6 6 HOLD. Passengers ... ... Parcels, H. C. and D. ... Goods, cattle, &c. .... Total 1.411 ... ... STEAM-BOATS. Passengers Parcels, H. C. and D. ... ... (LEFT SPEAKING.) PARLIAMEN rARY REFORM.—PROGRESS. Mr. Hume teas brought forward his motion to. reform in the sessions of 1848, 1849, 1850, and in 1852: In 1848 his motion was support, - d by B6 In 1849, by members who did not vote in 1848 22 In 1850, by members wbo did not vote in 1848 or 1849 15 In 1852, by do. who did not vote in 1848,1849, or 1850 18 Total number of Members vvho have voted in support of Mr. flume's motion in 1848, 1849, 1850, 1852 141 Deduct members not now in the House 9 THE BALLOT. DIVISION S. A 3 e. No. 1836 1837 1838 1839 1842 1847 1849 1830 1851 1852 132 In 1851, it will be remembered, that Mr. B er k e l ey, by an accident, was successful—the success, however, co ming to nothing. On Tuesday, a THE CRYSTAL was held at one PALACE. of the rooms in the northern en ing the great refreshment organisit , g, having for adver tisement of the committee now large meeting trance to the transept, adjoin ing otject the preservation of the t within a few t court, apburfvueanbtuitiodinagn.Thele and up to hmoiunrutneasmoefdtzsttiwaleelvteh,jor'eclweea; a 6cfuty attendance, but by a f ew m i nutes alter twelve o'clock about 400 persons were collected, the audience being of a very a large elegant company. There were also pre sent nutub.,r of working m en . , amidst Sr Joseph Paxton was called to the tering, land cheers; and with Admiral Sir G. Sar "ra Dr. Mr. Gordon Gryll, Sir H. W e bb, M r. Olivet , composed Evans, Mr. Le Neve Foster. and Dr. Roylee, addressed:: the meeting, at which a series of resolutkas were Unarn tnously pissed in favour of its views. The procedings ccncluded with a vote of tbank9 to Sir Joseph Raton, who, in acknowledging the eurepli" ment, said that if this building were demolished, pe rity wciii,i condemn the present generation. The Hon. Gentleman complained that his evidence befetre the com mittee had been publisLd under peculiar circumstances; that he had not had an opportunity of revising or cor recting an expression useo l by him, a right which wee 1 usualiy conceded to all witnesses. The meeting separat e d hi g hl y pleased with J the pro. ? ceedings. THE COUNTESS OF DERBY'S ASSEMILT:-.-YeStPr. day evening the Countess of Derby gave her second assem bly this season at the offi c i a l res id ence of the Noble Premier, in Downing-street. As upon the occasion of the first assent- CHURCH RATES. bly, the whole of the elite of the aristocracy and beau mo n d, in town attended to pay their respects to her Ladyship. The boa P. B. OSBORNE wished to know if it was the inters- in commenced setting down shortly after ten, and conti . ,e e eto bey for Tavistock to bring forward nued arriving in rapid succes-ion until midnight. Nearly e, of the Hon. ---emotion on the • uhi, ct of ehurch-rates to mot. th e whole of the representatives of Foreign Powers, with the Mr. TRELAWNY acid it was. 1 Attacilis to the various embassies, were press at. His Royal Mr. t)stioßN E.—At what hou: 2 Highness the Duke of Cambridge honoured Lady Des by with Mr . TrtELaw N y_ob,a; ; ny Jr tie I can get. his pre,ence, arriving shortly betore midnight, and remaining until the conclusion of the party. Mr. x FOREM A N REFUtiEES. FOREIGN move a resolution to SCOTTISH HOSPITAL.—YPSterday the quarterly the effect, that this So use,-tn ri ruse to the corresp on d ence res. ha. observed . with regret, in general court of governors of this charity was held at the peering foreign refugees laid upon hail of the Scottish Corporation, Crane-court, Fleet -street; the tab* a menace' °n T . , e . part of a friendly power, to the Duke of Montrose in the chair. The report acknowledged Ylsit, Upon unotreuding at that exorcise ot " 118 :1 travellers, its displeasure. I the receipt of the title deeds of two houses, which had been the refeh t ~,, „ e „e„,,, w hi c h le purchased from the funds of the institution. The financial agreeable to the law o, the b u s '' "'V 1-- • , account showed that the annual receipts—including a former of the peopl® of Great BriLi balance of 2661. 18s. 11d.; donations, 445/. 16s. ; proceeds of times, has afforded refuge avid secur i tyr' an d which' in recent I stotni , and the kelin„s the Guildall ball, 5 . a. 104.; ard subscriptions, elee 9s.— riot', nadoos without any distinctionl. I had been 1,100/. 122. Bd. The expenditure amounted to to persons of va- Be 891c1 this was a very important') p o li tical cpinions. Wl 10s. 2,c1., leaving a balance in the hands of the treasurer ration, and one . upon, which it *as expedient that ill of 214/. 2s. 6d. Some routine business having been trues °Pinion of the nov.se should be taken. The recent „,„ 1 . . acted, thanks were voted to the Noble Chairman, and the ITiope had driven many refugees from - st ° ll s In court broke up. all .41.6 1:1e to this country, and while here they ho rts of . LEwEs, MAIIOII 30.—Beef, from 3s Od to 3s 6d; r ' < leiettee to alter or revolutionise the governments se 4cl to 4s 4d; Veal, 3s 4d to 3s 8d; Pork, °l f ln tfrs ed Mutton, countries to which they belonged. About thia ° C: e 3s 4d to 3s 6d per 81be. Supply moderate, and trade there arrived a very remarkable man—no other, inde e d , dull. than Kosauth—and in order to prevent his being given QUEENSTOWN MARCO 30,-51d. Norms, end Wil up to the Austrian Government dais country sent out a tiara Miles, New York. gtftt Erittion. SUN OFFICE, Seven o' Clock. INIPEREAL PARLIAMENT. (THIS EVENING.) HOUSE OF LORDS: Lord REDESDALE took his seat on the Woolsack, in the absence of the Lord Chancellor, at Fi•e o'clock. AD 4INISTRA.TION OF LUNATICS ESTATES BILL. Lord LYNDHURST introduced this Bill, which was read a first time. On the motion of Lord LONSD ALE, the Personal Estates of Inte.tates Bill was read a third time and passed. COUNTY COURT EXTENSION. Lorrl BROUGHAM. presented petitions from se veral plscesiri Wal4s, praying for the extension of cgii table jurisdiction to county courts ; also snveral peti tions, cumplisining of the present mode of rating to the THE NtAYNOOTIE GRANT'. The EArl of SHIFI'ESBURY presented petitions from Arbroath; trim the t'ee presbyteries of Lin lithgow, Durtriee, end Cantine , s ;iron' a place in a-rk shire ; from Huntley, in Aberdeenshire ; from 'fain, from places in Lincolnshire; from Soutanipton (2); from Limy Town, L4Oarkqiire; from Kniveton, Dar ling'ou, King's Norton, all against arty further gran; to Msyr.ooth. Also from Paii;ey, on behalf 6f the Scotch mia'.ionarics expelled from Hungary. Also train the la'iies of Dumbarton, in favour of the insp.: etion of nun neries. Frcm Strougnes, against Sunday Post.nffi:x; trading, From Wigton (2), against the teAs imposed on professors in Scotch Universities; and from Surbituu, against Church-rates. MAYNOOTH COLLEGE. The Esrl if ALBEMARLE gave notice of his inten ti In to put a question to the First Lord of the Tree bury whether uer Mrksty'a Government contemplate any char ge of policy with regard to the maintenance of the College of Ma) nooth. Their Lordships then adjourned. lIOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER wok the Chair at Four o'clock. PRIVATE BILLS. The following Bills were read a third time and passed lits,. Gas. Bradford Meet. Halls. Cheltenham Improvement and Health. Droitwich Janction Canal. Macclesfield Improvement. YaxlPy Drainage. The Vale of Neath Railway Bill was considered and agreed to, and ordered to be engrossed. PETITIONS. Sir J. YOUNG presented two petitions from Staf fordshire, protesting against the county local rates be ing pledged fur railway purposes, and praying the House to withhold its sanction to any measure of that nature. Mr. R. SOMERS presented a petition from the county of Down in favour of tenant right. Sir R. H INGLIS presented a petition from Northamptonshire against the Maynooth grant. Mr. NITULLAGII presented various petitions from Armagh in favour of tenant right. Mr. G. BERKELEY presented &petition from Stroud against the Maynooth grant. Mr. B. DENISON presented various petitions from the West Riding in favour of the Pharmaceutical pill. Mr. T. DUNCOMBE-presented two petitions from Droitwich, praying for the repeal of the post-horse duties; also a petition from the Alleged Lunatic Friends Society, signed by the Chairman, complaining of the state of the law with regard to persons confined in lunatic asylums, and praying for an inquiry into the ex isting lunatic asylum system; also a petition from the prisoners confined in the Surrey County Gaol complain ing of the regulation which prohibited them from see ing their friends or counsel, and of the food supplied to them, which they declared was unfit to be consumed by human beings. Mr. E. DENISON presented a petition in favour of ocean penny postage. Mr. S. CRAWFORD presented a number of petitions from various Farts of Ireland in favour of his Tenant Right Bill. Mr. MONCRIEFF presented a petition from lAth praying fur the repeal of university tests. Mr. GEACH presented a petition from Coveatry against the Militia Bill. Mr. HEYWOOD presented a petition to the same effect from Cnlne, in Laceashire. Mr. KEOGH presented petitions from Cavan and Monaghan in tsv.ur of tenant-ri2ht. Mr. AGLIONBY presented a petiion from the builders of metropolis in favour of the Copyhold En franchisement TENANT -RIGHT RILL. On the motion of Mr. SHARMA.N CRA.WFORD, the order cr the day tor the adjourned debate on the Tenant-Right Bill wai read, for the purpose of being postponed to the 10th ov M4y. WESTMINSTER BRIDGE. Sir R. 11. INGLIS wiilvtd to know it her 2Tajesty's pres,?nt Government interded to proceed will the Bill introduced by the7r predecessors for removing West tninsterebridge and building a new bridge on its site? Lord J. MANNERS replied in the negative, as no accurate estimAte had yet been obtained of the probable expense of such a Sir R. H. INGLIS said the estimate would be found in the appendix attached to the report of the Curawis- Bien that teid investieated this subj. ct. Sir D LACY EVANS urged upon the Noble Lord the propriety er terowing open the House of Com mons for tho insvetion of the public on Saturdays, wed making better accensinedeti ua for the ladies. EDINBURGH POST OFFICE. •Mr. COWAN moved for copies of all the memorials whch have been received at the Treasury or tee Generals Post-uffice, trom the officers of the Inland Department iu the General Post-office, Edinburgh, since the year 1839, praying for an increase or revision of the scale of 'heir salaries; of the weevers to each memorial, and of the reports of the nfficers to whom such mrmoriels may have been refsrred for their Opinion thereon; of the scales of seleriea established from time to time in the Inland Department of the Post-Offices in London, Edinburgh, and Lublin, respectively, since the year 1830, with any alte rations that may have been adopted in such scales, and the respective dates thereof, the names of the present tfficere in such departments, the dates of their 'appoint meats, their present salaries, and specifying any other emol uments of such o ffic e rs; and, of the number of officers who have been added to each of the above inland offices since 18311 — Agreed to. TPEITIS Mr. HUME presented a petizioONn. from Suffolk against the malt.tax, an d one from Arbroath against the univer sity tests. Mr. WALTER presented petitions from Nottingham against the Militia Bill, - PARK IN FINSBURY. Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether it wa s th e intention of the Government to assent to the formation of a park at Finsbury? R The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said her Majesty's present Government, equally with her late Government, were extremely desirous to encourag e and to carry out all those u n d er t a ki ngs, the object ofwhieh was to increase the health and eej.4ment of t h e great body of the country, but with regard to the particular question on which the Noble Lord addressed hi m, he begged to state, that the demand which had been made for making a park WAS a very large amount—about 400,0001.—and, al. hough 1-xtreonely desirous, of course, to assist the people in au object which was so legitimate as the one in question, still he must remember that when so large a sum was dt mended, he must look to the interests cf th e great body of the people who paid the taxes, out of which the 400.0001. would have to be defrayed. He Confessed that until he had been able to give more con sideration to the subject he could not undertake to pledge the Government that they would, without some hesitation, make that considerable advance cut of the general .unds or the community to which the Noble Lord referred, bur at the same time he could assure him that the subject would be ;11..401411V and impartiaLy considered. HOME-MADE SPIRT rs. Mr. REYNOLD.; asked the Noble Lord the Chief Secretary for Ireland if it was his intention d ur i ng the present sessi.,n of A'arliamunt to ask leave to introduce a Bill to place the manufacturers or dell;-rs in home-nasde spirits on a footing of vgiality (as regards allowance for leakage and evapo ration) wi.h the importers of and dealers in foreign and colonist spirits ? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said ' this was a quesi,n which concerned the i ;eneral axit tion of the country, and it was not for any other mem ber of the Government to speak upon it except himself. Ile had already given a frank answer tf.. au Hon. Mem ber opposite on the subject. He said then, and he would repeat ic, that he would very shortly make on the pert of the Goverronent the financial statement, and it was .quite impossible, until that moment, for any infor mation to he afforded to the House by the Govrenment With respect to the taxation of the country. Mr. REYNOLDS then gave notice, that he would make a motion on the subject on an early day after I Easter. I . ... .F. 37 12 10 -2 7 4 ... 77 2 8 £ll7 2 10 ... £l2B 0 7 24 15 6 Total ... £152 16 1 ScornsFr CEIVTRAL lien.war.—Traffie for the Week ending March 28, 1852: Passengers (7,208), parcels, horses, and carriages £764 11 9 Goods, cattle, &c. ... 977 15 11 Total . 1,742 7 8 Corresponding week in last year... 1,558 11 6 Perth, March 31. 1852. CORK AND BANDON RAILWAY.—(2O miles open)--Return of Traffic ibr the week ending March 27, 1852 : Passengers, parcels, &c. . £llO 16 1 Merchandise, cattle, &c.... 36 5 7 Total .£ 1 1 7 1 8 Corresponding week in 1851 (10 miles open) : Passengers, parcels, &c. ... 29 8 5 Merchandise, cattle, &c. ... 0 15 0 Total .. ... 30 3 5 Total traffic this half-year, Jan. 1 to March 27, both inclusive ... ...£1,605 11 9 SIR CHRISTOPHER WREN. Kit Wren, as Dr. Spratt familiarly calls our great soptier (and it is pleasant no w an d th en t o see in his slippers), was one of a band of men, th e early fellows of the Royal Society, w h ose n faSo Es iu m brP•ne c Cdij s ehirur a ssi re an world-famous orld-famous and m ernories imperishable. :in:gyre:on:lt , re th e bl va i e t wn yl tsh e of no ordinary magnitude and im- He lived, too, at a turning-point in English history, and witnessed knowledge and powedrsit, Restoration (rod its vice), the burn s rebuilding. Be was himself a " miracle of a youth, universal science tt p ossessor of the most varied a profound astronomer a a"rare and early prodigy of Always at wo r k wherewith to write in v. Paul's, and a good man. e nsdt. , s u mathematician , perfectos s,of the a pr barometer, ofuse sopher before that, he produced, results e __ ._ wri , e with rapidity. A refiecitig..diai, an • • ins trum nt to ;—an inventor at t"rteen wl e trr d wo a nd P e h r i ttl Newtonhp pointed i nfiti filled to : theid, two Pens at the 'it v gather-clock, a machine Hall, learned essays before a tsilt riOattmineiOotnes a l fw .acta i e tth e ds r la a e e otL l hstd , eiaa. l c xtr h ail a k r imh. o ei i sfnt metrical g i a e p r l o fio e rn e fi Vng h e e st a - t al n. geometers, Ill nes s : IC : may o iv a l s le r twenty e g d n, b e ee trating 1188 iv tint t Daiolll teal lectures in Surgfons' e Wallis, and Huygens that , egi ct 7, Join la wi e p us rinciper;" and of hie 150 important archite t a l n i lts, what do we any ourselves? We Sod h c ie nr i , co w ili p ant attendant at " the club" in Wa dhaill Collee e - c o to which emanated the Royal Society, with Boyr e ' te , Evelyn, and others, and al* ays ready t o j • . Boot t was going (glen.° Builder. •••.....M.1.1• OLD MA IDS AND Bile nimn The North Fri of their legends says, th a t after deathhood‘i. sins are very unmercif u l to peopj: w s.— ion% marry. One to cut Aar' out of the sun when it 'unk below the horiaon, and the ghosts of the old bachel or s 'Vat blow them up in the east, running, like larnpliglite allnrs. eight up and down A ladder..-Diehnia zusehad Fr — mo o, naids are doomed liTirfnlDAY BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. TO THE RIGHT HON. SIR JOHN PAKINGTON, BART., SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIEII Sir,—One of those periodical political revolutiees of this country—which, whilst they demonstrate clearly t he elasticity and power, for experiment or progress, testify also, at the same time, to the great strength of our glorious Constitution, proving alike the beauty and har mony of all its working machinery—has placed uin a position the most ambitious might envy, the most devoted over of his , country be proud to hold. You are one of a Cabinet, the advent of whose chief to office is not the appearance upon the stage of a po litical adventurer, eager either for emolument or patronage, nor of one seizing upon power to carry out recklessly those measures even which he in his heart believes to be the best for the welfare and happiness of Britain's sons ; nor has he sought or taken power for party purposes. He asks to have the worth of his policy inquired into. If he is right in his idea, he wishes to carry conviction to the country generally, so as to have the full sanction of the nation before he makes any serious move. If he is wrong, he wishes to know that his opinion has been moat decidedly condemned, not merely by political opponents, who have, either in or out of office, lived for six long years upon an "experi ment," but by the intelligent and by the talented, in short, by the great mass of his fellow-countrymen, before he attempts to lead or to direct their energies for future operations. He has come forward, in short, to serve her Majesty and the empire; solemnly has he elected to be tried before God and his country, and such a serious appeal will be listened to with respect, but strongly tested by his Lordship's conduct. After this brief preface, Sir, you, who h ave b een se lected by Lord D er by to be at the head of our great colonial empire, at a moment too when we are just awakening to its vast importance, will not, I think, be astonished if I consider it unnecessary to offer any apology for thus abruptly calling your early attention to what has been considered by many eminent men, and what in my humble opini on i t rea l ly i s — t h e very key stone to our political and commercial existence. If history had not even taught us how nations rise and fall, a very little examination into the position and : great emp i re wou ld s h ow an y one the brink of the precipi ce upon which we stand—the rock upon n h si oar vessel may b e destroyed. We are , chiorweuemvert,atowcoepcorhf this proud to own our danger, if not too busy to observe it ; we think, too, perhaps, like some foolish captain of a noble but ill-fated steamer, that England can approach all danger, and recover herself unharmed; that we can back her, ease her, stop her, take a turn ahead or astern, just as we please. Our prosperity, since we lost that noble territory, now the United States, has made us bold in folly, and we thus venture on and on, until we shall all be astonished some day to find our vessel split, our crew dispersed. Foreigners, even Germans, can see o ur d anger , an d poi n t ou t our weakness. England," " The whole of says M. Ficquelmont, "seem to imagine in North America a power against which it can no longer struggle," and he adds, that to attempt now to stop the U n i tes' S ta tes in her car eer o f power, prosperty, an d universal domin i on between Eu rope end Asia " wou ld be the greatest case of being too late in the field that would ever have been recorded in history." This latter paragraph shows our danger as much as the former one shows our folly. Far be it from us to attempt to stop either the prosperity or the to keep pace with power of the U n i te d States; but let us exert ourselves her, and universal dominion between Europe and Asia we can never allow her to obtain. I With the permission of the editor of The Sun, who has always entertained a high value of our colonial em pire, I will make this attempt, Sir, thus to call your imme diate attention to our North Amer i can territories. Long, too lon g , i n d eed, have we neglected that noble field for British enterprise and British capital; too long have we trifled with loyal hearts and warm feelings to old England; too long have we neglected our own inte rests in the secondary consideration given to our noble colonial empire. To be a colonist has almost become a term of reproach or of contempt. Only a colonist! in deed, and yet we have men in them as fit to grace our senate as any lord or commoner in the kingdom—men as fit to fill our bench, be it of bishops or of judges, as any men who ever wore the apron or the ermine; men as fit to form our military or naval heroes as any of those whose best blood flows beneath our scarlet coats; men fit for every situation in life, qual,fied for every duty. But enough, there they are—colonists—and as such fit for power or for place in England. Such things, however, cannot any longer be. The whirligig of time brings in its revenges, and if we do not find scope and occupation for the talent and the enterprise of our colo nial brethren, particularly of North America, they will be assuredly forced some day to find an outlet for themselves; and if we do not direct, aid, and assist the loyal British feeling that yet exists, wofully shall we rue the day, when indeed it will be too late; for should our North American provinces once be induced to join the United States, England's maritime power, in the Pacific certainly, in the Atlantic probably, is gone, never to return. The whole continent of North America under one authority, a protective policy against all our manufactures and encouragement to their own, and England's princely merchants will soon become merely poor shopkeepers, and her industrious, hard-working people complete beggars. This is no imaginary picture, but a stern reality —at least I think so—and have said enough, I hope, Sir, to show that I am in earnest. I may be wrong, as may the Protectionist or the Free trader, but I claim squally with them sincerity and the right to be beard. It we lose our North American con tinent, our noble ports on the Atlantic and Pacific oceans it will matter little then, in my opinion, who may rule England, for she will inevitably sink into a third rate or tourth-rate power; she may struggle on for a time, but it will be on an ebbi ng wave , or down a troubled scream—her prestige gone—and ultimately to last for ever—her stnteameu laughed at, her flag despised. But, Sir, Ido not dwell upon such things because I husk them probable or possible, but because I believe the moment has arrived when we may give an impetus and an energy to the industry of this great empire, by the immediate development of her long-hidgen resources. We may extend her commerce, employ her capital, and increase her revenue to an extent not easily to be cal., enlisted; Ind I appeal to you, Sir, to seize with courage the nobie opportunity now offering to immortalise your name by a new colonial p. licy none have yet had the good sense to appreciate nor the boldness to bring for ward. Let me entreat of you, Sir, to turn your serious attention to the vast field of wealth contained in our North American provinces. Let a grand effort be mane for the development of their rich resources, and for a move beyond 'Free-traders, and do away with that huge wall of monopoly. the flu& . son's Bay Company, which to th e di sgrace o f t h e Whi gs they have left behind them, a territory b etween t h e Canadas and New Caledonia, into which no man can enter, with which no man can trade, unless by leave of the Hudson's Bay Company. A new state will speedily spring up there, and the whole belt of that territory, from Lake Superior to the Pacific, about five degrees in breadth, will be teeming with emigrants, and oovered with British manufactures; and we shall have an ea sy rouse from Halifax to Vaucouver's Island, which would " coun terbalance," says the editor of the New Monthly Ma9a z2ne, all present, and possibly many prospective, disad vantages of the sea-board power of America in the Pacific. The language held by Mr. Squires, the American, in his remarks on the commercial and political aspects of the interoceanic canal of Nicaragua ought to be enough to arouse the indignation, and the spirit of the most apathetic Minister, and would afford sufficient excuse to this country for any, the most active and energetic, mea sures he might think necessary to take. Let me entreat of you also, Sir, to go a step beyond Parliamentary reform, and let a ll our colon i es in, which responsible government has been introduced and is working well be at once r e p resented in t h e I m p er i a l Parliament; at all events, let th e colonists have t h e o ff er , and let colonial property be a qualification inlEngland, —and do not let a colonist any longer suppose that he is not considered as an English man, Where responsi bl e Government has been succes s f u ll y establ i s h e d, i t wou ld always be one who represent e d the then ma j or i ty o f colonial legislature who would represent i t at h ome; f or if their Ministry resign, he of course would lose hie seat, as it should always be one of the Cabinet who should be sent home to represent the colony. At this moment, as you are well aware, Sir, one of the first and present leaders of Canada, Mr. 'links, is now in England, as a delegate, on the subject of the Great Trunk Railway. L ast year there was one from Nova Scotia, Mr. How e , who is expected again mediately, as well as Mr. Chandler, from New Bruns wick. This, depend upon it, will be the last attempt made—the last appeal to Britain. It would be melan choly, indeed, to go into all the details of the treatment of the North American colonies on the subject of their railways ; year after year has rolled on, yet nothing done ; change after c h ange may come at the Colonial office, still a deaf ear appears to be turne d towar d s it—governor after g overnor appears, yet no advance is made, or help given ; i n d eed, worse than none; and these magnificent colonies, h emmed on one s id e b y t h e U n i te d States, on the other by t h e Hudson's Bay Company and checked by the obstinacy or stupidity of English rulers in the development of her resources —remain a blot on our commercial and indus trialmen of the north—who impenetrable country of the escutcheon. An insulted and degraded people, the to themselves from the Atlantic and P ifi _ ac__c--are now scarcely acknowledged, neither in name nor in fact. Can they consider themselves Englishmen? Yow, Sir, have a noble field before you—you have the men either might form a mighty kingdom now in the country, or who soon will be, to give ycu the best advice; take a bold, comprehensive view of the exertions and yo ur whole question —s o may God direct an d prosper your plans.—l have the honour to remain, Sir, your moat ob e di ent humble servant. AN ENGLISHMAN. age of 80 DEATH O F S IR JOHN SHELLEY, B ART .—Thi s venerable Baronet di e d on the 28th u l t ., a t L ons d a l e H ouse , Fulham, at th e a d vanced was son of th e fi rst Baronet by his years. The deceased first wife, daughter of John Newnham, Esq ,of Maresfield Park, Sussex. He mar ried the only daughter and heiress of Thomas Winckley, Esq,, of Brockholes, county of Lancaster. He succeeded his father in 1783. The deceased was a magistrate, asd deputy lieutenant of Sussex, and was a claimant of the ancient barony of Sudeley, w hi c h h as been in abeyance siece ,1803. The dece ased held property in the counties of Sussex and Lancaster. H e is succeeded b y hi s son , J o h n Villi ers , born in 1808, and now a candidate for Westminister. THE SHIP WRIGHTS ' S TRINE .--The strike of the shipwrights belon g i ng to the yards at Hylton - on - the - Wear terminated on S aturday, having l as t e d 20 wee k s , Th e masters and men have come to a compromise — the men to withdraw their obnoxious rule prohibiting more than one borer being employed in a yard; the masters promising that in this department they will give the preference to aged shipwrights. As the men might have been in full employ ment during the whole of the period mentioned, a fearful amount of money has been wasted, they having to concede the principal point ill dispute at lad. VRNTwn, APIIT THE 'UNiI'E D STATES. Tee oceeunts flow New York by the Aaierica increasing activity and cantidence. The fresh arrivals Of geld from Csiiiornia, together with moderate impor tations ot European goods and the temporary euspeosien of specie remittances, were producing a powerful in fluence on the market. unchecked by counteracting circum stances of any kind. Uuder these circumstances, if, in add lion to the large amennt of United Series' stocks lately purchased on this side, there had also bey n an incautious disposition to take all the railway and other bonds that have been offered, there would have been considerable danger of inflation. At present, however, there is no reason to apprehend any such result. In addition to the accounts from California, the papers contain renewed particulars of gold to be obtained elsewhere. In New Mexico a person, who has had two years' experience in California, is said to have formed a party of 38 to proceed to some deposits which he alleges he has discovered on a branch of the river Gila, about 350 miles from Santa Fi. Accounts from Oregon also revive the rumours as to the existence of rich quartz on Queen Charlotte's Island. The speci mens shown were brought by one of the crew of the Una, a vessel lately wrecked there. Another statement has ap peared that a mine ot auriferous quartz has been found in Virginia, about 80 miles west of Richmond. " The vein," it is said, " is exceedingly rich in threads, thickly sprinkled with the metal, while the rock itself . , in which none is visible, contains eleven dollars to the ton." ['he tract comprises about 1,300 acrss, but it is a sus picious circumstance that the parties proposing to work it were endeavouring to raise capital in New York instead of in their own State. It appears that the engineers sent out by the Nouveau Monde Company bad arrived at San Francisco on the 11th of February. They were twenty-four in number, but one of them died of fever shortly after leaving Panama. Three others had also been attacked, but were now re covering. The superintendent_.. reports that he was about to proceed at once to the mines. The de mand at New York for passage to San Francisco was unabated. The vessels by both routes were full up to the end of May, and through tickets, via Nicaragua, were sought at 100 dolls. premium. It was announced that a portion of the Panama Railway would open on the 15th March. There had been one or two small failures at New York, and another of larger amount at Savannah. The merchants' Exchange in Wall-street was to be sold on the 16th March. It was built after the great fire, but the returns have not been sufficient to pay the interest on its - bonds, and -the'- mort gagees had at length resolved to foreclose. An applica tion for postponement, with the hope that the requisite sum of 850,000 dollars, or the greater part of it, might be raised by loan in London, had been made and refused. At Philadelphia an adjourned meeting of thestockholdere of the United States' Bank had been appointed for the 17th March. A report from a committee on the best mode for speedily closing all its affairs would then be sub mitted. The struggle in Congress on the question of an increased subsiey to the Collins line of Liverpool steamers was still unfinished. Among the public grants awarded by the ,House of Representatives was one of 100,000 dollars to Dr. Morton for his discovery of the anaesthetic properties of ether. A Bill authorising an organization for the construction of a crystal , palace had been passed by the Legislature of New York.— HEALTHOF LONDON DURING THE WEEK, (From the Registrar-General's Report.) The mortality has been great in the London districts during the whole of March. In the first week of the month the deaths registered were 1,128, in the two fol lowing they rose to 1,232 and 1,2011, and in the last week, as shown by the present return, they were 1,219. It must be observed, however, that the small increase which now appears over the preceding week arises from more than an average number of coroners' cases. Ex eluding from the returns deaths from poison, irjury, and other external causes, of which inquest cases principally consist, the numbers in the last three weeks stand thus: —1,160, 1,183, and 1,161. In the ten corresponding weeks of 1842-51 the aver age number of deaths was 1,126, which, if raised in a certain proportio❑ according to increase of population, is 1,239. The deaths registered last week differ, there fore, little from the calculated amount; but this as a comparative test of the actual mortality is disturbed at the end of the quarter, when cases on which inquests have been held, and many of which occurred at previous dates, are entered in more than a fair proportion in the register books. The effect of the coldness of the season is still very apparent in the mortality produced by diseases of the respiratory organs. This class, which comprises bronchi tis, pneumonia, asthma, and a few less fatal maladies, num bers this week 243, while the average is only 193, or with a correction for increase of population, 212. In the re turn for the week preceding the number was 269; there has, therefore, been a reduction in the interval, but it will be noticed that while pneumonia and asthma have decreased from 83 and 29 to 72 and 22, bronchitis continues quite as fatal, the numbers being 126 and 128. Consumption (in the tubercular class) is also fatal at present, 151 lives having been destroyed by this disease in the previous week, and 160 in the last, which is more than in any corresponding week, with one exception. There were 3 from laryngitis, 5 from laryngismus stridultes. seventeen children and six persons of 15 years and upwards died of small-pox; in three cases, at the ages of 14, 19, and 29 years, vaccination is reported to have been previously performed. Thirty-eight children died of hooping-cough , w hi c h i s less than the average, and eight of croup. From scarlatina thirty-one deaths oc curred, and from typhus, remittent fever, &c., forty-seven. The unusual number of nine persons, eight of whom were children under 1 year, are recorded as the victims of syphilis, STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK. SUNDAY. — One-fourth part of the sky was generally covered with cloud during the morning and afternoon, at night the sky was clear; cirri and fleecy clouds. Electricity —Positive, and tension moderate generally throughout the day. -MONDAY.—The sky was clear till lh. r.m., three-fourths were generally covered with thin stratus till sh. P.M., and the whole was clear afterwards. Electricity—Positive, and ten sion strong throughout the day. TUESDAY.—The sky was fur the most part one-half covered with stratus. Thick haze prevailed during the morning. Electricity—Positive, and tension moderate throughout the day. WEDNZSDAY.—The sky was free from cloud until noon, and overcast during the remainder of the day; cirrostratus. Thick haze prevailed during the earlier portion of the morning. Electricity—Positive, and tension moderate at noon. THURSDAY.—The sky, with slight exceptions, was free from cloud till 11h. A.m., and generally covered during the remainder of the day; cumuli, cirrocumuli, and cirrostrati. Electricity—Positive, and tension moderate during the morning and afternoon. FLUDAY.—The sky for the most part was covered with cloud throughout the day; cumuli, cumulostrati, and cirro strati. Electricity—Positive, and tension weak during the afternoon. SATURDAY.—The sky was covered with cloud throughout the day; eumuiostratus and cirrostratus. Electricity— Nothing was shown throughout the day. The mean reading of a thermometer placed on the main mast, and read each day at 9h. A.M. was 45.3° ; and the mean reading at 9b. P.M. was 411° ; the mean readings at the Royal Observatory for the same times were 46.0 8 and 40.8 Q respectively. The reading of the barometer increased from 29.99 in. at the beginning of the week to 30.03 in. by 9h. A rd. on the 22d ; decreased to 29'74 in. by noon on the 24th ; in creased to 2940 in, by 9h. A.x. on the `2sth; and decreased to 29.49 in. by the end of the week. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS. NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, MUCH 27, 1252. Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*204 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... 47 Tubercular Diseases ... ••• ••• 224 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 118 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels 53 Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of Respiration ••• ••• .•• ••• ••• ••• 243 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion... ••• ••• -•• ••• Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. •• , ••• Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &a. ... Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles Diseases of the Skin, &c. Malformations... ••• ••• ••• ••• Premature Birth ••• ••• ,•• ••• Atrophy ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Old Age ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• sudden ••• ••. ••• ••• ••• ••• Violence. Privation, Cold, and Intemperance C-tuses not specified ... ... 80 ... 28 ... 30 ... 55 •,:• 62 DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES 1,219 Population Deaths in corro- Deaths Enumerated, sponding week in the 1851. of 1851. Week West Districts... 376,427 . . 202 ... 191 North Districts.. 490,396 .. 289 ... 221 Central Districts 393,256 ... 231 ... 204 East Districts ... 485,522 ... 299 ... 273 South Districts.. 616,635 ... 397 ... 330 Totals.... 2,362,236 1,418 Males Females ... 1,219 ... 615 ... 604 BIRTHS IN THE WEEK. Males ... Females ... ... 814 ... 793 Total ... ... ... ... ... 1,607 *ln this number are included 31 by Scarlatina, 42 by Typhus Fever, and 13 by Diarrhoea. GIMLIBILITIN—We were shown a circular, which has been very extensively disseminated in the provinces. It fixplains (with patterns of the article produceds a pre. tended patent for the manufacture of a fabric in universal demand. It promises to each subscriber for one share, price ss. (to be sent, of course, per money-order), not a paltry return of 300 or 400 per cent., but a goad round income. "Subscribers," we quote the precise word of the printed bait, "will, for every ss. they invest, realize from 751. to 3001. sterling per annum !"—to be paid, it is politely stated in another part of the prospectus, quarterly. Now, rational people will say that the wild extravagance of such a promise, exceeding all possible gullibility, would be its own defeat. The sain rational people, however, will be (as they sometimes are) in error. Credulity bus no bounds. It is a fact that since the issue of that golden circular, the Post office authorities have paid to its co ncuctor—not hundreds, but thousands of .pounds. Poit•Gflice orders have poured in from believers in :impossible profit at such a rate that 3001. were banded over to the succe4sful schemer in the course of one single week.—Dickens's Household Words. Two fires occurrfd in London y e sterday, one at a lucifer-match manufactory La in Bethnal-green , whichw" th de stroyed ; and t h e other at a floor-cloth factory in Lambeth, which was considerably dawned. The origin of both fires way accidental. 1, 1050. 11 a; ./ 'E. (From 019 Spectator.) The tattual posttiou of the ketch:re of parties is fell of vain-shin iratsuction, It is a p'eit.ian et' flisteepsiternen , : and trouble. Teltire Lord Dertee, J Ressell L. re Aletrdeee, or tee Duke o'' Ne wceet le. oti:i Mr- C'=' den, as chiefs of the parties into which the country is divided net; one of the lour can be either setisfied with the present or hopeful as regard* the future. Ot, th e contrary, every one of them is in a and witheie,ens clear preepeta of getting out of it. Aed, whet is of mere inesee once, because it centains the mural of the le:son, s eel. case )a one of retrioutive justice; the thsconifer, teetered beteg in the nature of a punishment justly incurred oy the 6ut• ferer's wilful misconduct. Lord Derby has to swallow free trade. That is ine vitable. He cannot do it at a gulp, as nauseous doses are taken with the least inconvenience, but must needs sip, and suck, and taste to the uttermost the gall and wormwood which the nature of things has pre scribed fur him. And why? why cannot he embrace free trade, like so many before him, without this pain ful loathing and slow torture? Because of his own behaviour in 1846, and down to the time when the Queen sent for him the other day, at Lord John Russell's suggestion. He was the author and has been the stay of the Protectionist party. If he is not a Protectionist, he is nothing. His rash quarrel with Sir Robert Peel, his leadership in the persecution of that true statesman, his delusive promises to landlords and farmers and shipowners, his professions of confidence in the triumph of a lost cause, his mis• leading eloquence—all these things now rise up against him, it not to torment his conscience, at least to sting his pride, by making his recantation itself shameful, and so compelling him to recant in a doublefaced, shameful manner. In leading an Opposition for fun or spite, he could pretend what he liked with impunity; but the responsibilites of power at once unmask the impostor, and without relieving him from the necessity of going on with the detected sham. Our first simile is not quite exact: be has not merely to swallow bitterness sip by sip, but to swallow it and bring it up over and over again till truth shall be fully avenged. No wonder that Lord Derby should have avoided office as long as possible. He might have avoided it altogether but for Lord John Russell's parting advice to the Quer... That ad vice was unconstitutional and improper, because given after constitutional responsibility had ceased. But another responsibility attaches to Lord John Russell in this matter. He is still responsible to his party; and he appears to have done them a great disser vice. He probably imagined that Lord Derby would not swallow free trade, and would therefore have to repeat last year's process of in and out again; the Whig chiefs getting back to office, "as you were," with the advantage of having this time seriously fright ened the least thoroughgoing of their supporters. It was a tied miscalculation. Lord Derby, really aban doning Protection with whatever wry faces, may keep the government for a long while. Any change would be endurable after Russell-Grey rule for six years; and the actual change, as it pro mises the benefit of useful Whig labours in opposition, has merits independent of the mere novelty. Lord John, accordingly, is now reproached by 'many of his party with having betrayed them by his awkwardness, or perhaps throug the singular jealously of his dis position. They ask why, if he took on himself to pro pose his successor, he did not name somebody who might perhaps have restored the Liberal party to the position, which his Government never held, of being supported by a majority of its own in the House of Commons. And this question suggests a well-merited reproach. For years the ex-Premier was urged to strengthen the Liberal party—to obtain for it the con fidence of the country and a majority of its own in the Commons—by getting rid of the most ins ffieient and unpopular of his colleagues, and ceiling to his assistance such Whigs as Lord Ctarendou, sod such former colleagues of Sir Robert Peel the Duke of Newcastle, Mr. Gladstone, and Sir James Graham. But no; his inordinate but feeble self-sufficiency, combined with his belief in the indefeastl:ee right of certain Whig families to govern, could riot stomach the proposition that his Ministry needed improvement. So he went on, depending on the frail support of being squeezed between two Oppositions, till the general in capacity of his Government b e c am e to o m a nif es t tor longer toleration. Deserted by his adherents, turned out of office by himself, and disregarded by the country, he is provoked by the consequences of his blunder in proposing Lord Derby as . his successor into making a plunge or two in Opposition; but having been justly reproved for quarrelling with Lord Derby's Government because, like his own for six years, its party is a minority in the Commons, for threatening to stop the supplies, and fur otherwise seeking to embarrass the Government of which he is the principal author, he is now pretty quiet and seems to be conscious that he has " made a mull of it." If his party know their own in terest, they will keep him as inactive in Opposition as he was in power. As intending to be again Prime Minister of England, he is a heavier encumbrance io them than their own errors and neglects in having allowed him to make a Tory Government for some years to come far from improbable. The colleagues of Sir Robert Peel cannot be much better pleased with themselves than Lord John Russell and Lord Derby. Their great .chief has been gone nearly two years, and they have not yet even chosen a leader, They have seen the Russell Government slowly dying out for want of a policy, and have themselves neglected to promulgate, it may be even to construct, a policy of their own. They must know that what the country at large has needed and desired for a long while is statesmanlike purpose in the leaders of parties; of any partl , it may be said; for the old party diatinctions and associations have been almost extinguished by the struggle about free trade, and a large preponderance of public favour would be given either to Lord Derby, or to Lord John Russell, or to any of the Peelites (they have no leader to be named), or to Mr. Cobden, if he would declare a sufficient policy of Conservative reform, and give evidence of possessing the will to carry it into effect. The Peelites have had ample opportunity of satisfying the country, in this respect, and they bare almost entirely neglected it. They had a great prestige to work upon, and many other advantages; but nave neither done, nor even said, anything of consequence. Self-imposed obscurity is the defect of their position. If. Sir James Graham, the only one of them who has not appeared asleep since 1846, bad lately taken ,a more distinct line of his own, a course more . independent of the Russell-Grey Whigs—still more, if men of the ability and patriotism which private circles attri bute to the Duke of Newcastle and Mr. Gladstone, acting in concert with the respected Lord Aberdeen, had formed is clear view of the public exigencies, and had made it known by actively sharing in the business of Par liament, the Qaee,,, it is very likely, would not have taken Lird John Russell's advice about bending for Lord Derby. In the politics of a tree country inaction is a personal dis ability. And the Peelites cannot say that they were not warned long ago of the consequences of their torpor. If they regret a general election upon all sorts of false issues, and the prospect of a new Parliament without, fixed ideas, led by a Govefeelrnmentguilty ef o mischief pretender s ge neglected te i d t h h ac o , vp u e. t p a or p t o u l n ic i y des th o e t y ac ul tio u n st averted.nThe chester gentlemen are out e tsotctigtemikertitn.ili Tohcoaugguhebee acti vity,t e y havethei their not i beenviews o f deficientna national a i i n a policy generalities suited only to the platform. They enjoy a triumph i n see i ng Lord Derby swallow IT'r ay e trade ; but wh en th at spectacle shall be over, the ; will have no function or distinctive character. In deed, th e y great l y resemble the Protectionist h di a s v a i p ti p g ea b r u i t o one from o i da a and, so that, in is onthe point of party in our politics ; oneolitics; e p months, they will p ro b a b ly break u through differences two or three of opinion o n ot h er subjects. The re would have been just the. same prospect for the DerbY ites if any o f our parties were no w capa bl e of supplying the country with an acceptable poli c y, an d the Queen with a man qualified to carry it into effect. WHY DON'T YOU CRY, YOU FOOL! The trial at VG Salisbury Assizes, lately, of an unlucky wight, who had been helping himself to his neighbour's goods, gave rise to a piece of ingenuity on the part of a well-known lawyer, which to, us, who chanced to witness it, was somewhat amusing. The prisoner had been defended by counsel, and every thing that could be said on his behalf had been said, but the case against him was too palpable to admit of a shadow of doubt, and a verdict olguilty was pronounced. The Judge seemed to look upon the culprit, who was a rough-looking lellow, destitute alike of friends and cha racter, with some degree of pity, and previous to passing the sentence of the law upon him, commenced giving hi m a few words of advice. The benevolence of his Lord ship's tone was not ,thrown away upon the lawyer, who seemed to feel that so long as there was a chance of helping his client ho was bound to do his ut most, Unob served, therefore , he at once whipt behind the dock , and putting his hands to the sides of his mouth, ti re n d tbo the prisoner as loud as prudence would permit — don't you cry, you fool! Be quick —you'll Save s mo.ntraYt m lea o s v t e l d " alsluesctuutluper ,itf,tnwutheodfbaetfeolyrettohuiks treshi standing n hint , rubbed d a o s v u e l Is oeoymese with his huoisnskonoufektlhees,daegndractioerc,i,alsi moment . s eemed be stood. Thedodge answered. ship) that the sense of shame si tuat i on in w feel will prevent you from appearing ag ain in such yo a situation in a court of justice olifisceodrrou,owtihuine,hinistthisat yuoutbe much, and in Wh. thrustu( now feel Lord that hop e lam induced to pass upon you a ln sentence than I should other lender month." y ' formed,space of one ca formed, i -5 a most hardened rascal.— i f m owr p e risoned in the House were afterwards in• Devizes Gazette. , T IIE COST OF PUBLIC BUI LDINGS. According to Mr. Brayley, in " Britton's P u bli c Buildings of London," which contains a plan avid five views of the structure, full halt a million of money was J'The whole of hi ~ Ultimately expended upon Somerset House, and it was then left unfinis _ • may mention, have • have recently , turned up, and will probably for publication. That Chambers was not judgment as to the probable cost of i th et an in so h m is e architects of modern days, is proved the circumstance that, in a report presented by him b m t a hy ff o: r afford d workco m r r a to the House of Commons, he said he thought, though there were difficulties which prev•eqed accurate compute- tion, that ;he cost certainly would not exceed 250,000/. Whle do we now care whether it cost a quarter of a million or half a million ; and how m h o,. d o , s th,-, que.dion t,ffi , ct the opinion we form ef the building ;aid i,s designer? Nothing, Nor will any ark a century hence, when contemplating some of the huildinvi " run up" in our time (it they !rt,t 150 long) whrit these cost, or find in the small uutlsy, if they should .. , k , ,k, any reason for withholding condemnation. Prudence "and circumstances must, of course, regulate expenditure. If we must have a building for a particular purpose, and have only 4 certuiu emu of money, the building niusl mot:cat, gtt tok th,it tool But those who build for the approbation of poster' oluit c?..re nothing; about the outlay: they inusc do a,' best, so 'far as they go , an d l eave those who tp,inP tfi fiNish it. Posterity wiil not ask, What did it Coll Builder. FATAL SHIP WRECK. Oci t , ie tooriari4 of the 231 Mt, ship Ertl° Leiden, 4.50 t,,r.a reeister, !f(ari deras u Q '..i.,"4"0 W.L-L-, •ca, reat.ogel', st.alek oil a s e k , o! rork a little w eas( i-o - eet Bay. Da,,woil ), and iiistatuly hfcell a total meek. when. meianchAy to relate, 15 out of I' 18 hands on board met with watery g/aves. It seal from what can be gathered from the Aurvivors, that the was a head wind at an early hour that ni,...taing, which COe pelted them to tack. end a dense fog prevailing at it same time prevented them seeing where they weir until the vessel, with the weight of 800 tons cst thuMped with dreadful violence, and then speedily we to pieces. As soon as the crew percAved their de . ger they all ran on deck, and w e re a ll co ll ecte d on tl poop, when a terrific sea caught the vessel and brol her right amidships, at the same time capsizing !i poop and its living freight into the surge. Aft being knocked about amid the heavy baulks mahogany and the furious seas, three poor drippy' half-naked and sorely bruised sailors made theie to a rock, from which they were cast back three' four times by the angry waves, but at last they 0 ceeded in holding on On one instance a poor fello had to catch the moss with his teeth) until a sistance was procured, which was speedily rendered Messrs. Hawkes Leary, and Tresilian, of Inc' worley, whose intimate knowledge of the coast st soundings rendered their proffered aid invalualli The coast guards from the Fileareel station wet also promptly on the spot, and by means of hawser &c., the poor survivors were quickly rescued fro their perilous position. The vessel was complete' smashed and her valuable cargo strewn over waters, but we are happy to say a great deal of $ mahogany (we believe 97 b au lk s ) h ave been saved, to are now being salvaged on Dunworiar vered uarier g l i n iClCrit;i:lta ' rd u , m on ° e t o money,te shaalvvoersb. many affecting incidents connected with this tnelsnchw catastrophe is one particularly remarkable. While heel ing out of the bay of Honduras some of the crew dish' een Ani r ol vered something which excited their attention in $ water. Having put out a boat they discovered, much i their amazement, a poor sailor lashed to a plank. The quickly put him on board, and having applied restore Lives, they soon had the satisfaction of seeing him re° 4 ver. His story was a short one. He had been sbif wrecked, and lashed himself to a plank, in hope/ 4 escaping a watery grave. He did escape, but to 0 2134 a similar fate on the iron -bound coast of the south 4 Ireland.—Corh Examiner. ----- RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. • LONDON AND SOUTH-WESTERN. The secretary of this company, Mr. W. Harding, addressed a long letter to the chairman of the GI Markets Impr ovement C omm i ttee on the advantages cstabliabing the proposed M etro p o li tan C attle-M S T. near to the ab ove company ' s l i ne at Brentford. He es! that the relative distances from St. Paul's as a cent ; point in th e Ci ty to t h e di fferent sites for the New S tropolitan C a t t l e - mar k et are—to Blackwell, 44 mile' to Bow.cr:itnnaon, 4 miles; Hornsey, 54 miles; F i r-ichl 8 miles; Forest-gat e , 6 miles; 03k-commo n , 7 rad io Bientford,9s miles; Barnes, 74 miles; and Copenhag, fields, 25 m il es . I n t h e ev ,- nt of the cattle-sar i placed at th e p ro p ose d s i re at Brentford, ii:ii company would be prepared to Isy down a short bra . „ hue-of 300 y ar d % i n l ength, in order to connect 14; castle-nuarket by rail wa y will the tideway' f the Thait: and that at a plate free from the influence of the 1. , i 7 l but will withi n r€ac h of its agency when needed;;* basin at Brentford being locked off from the river. i l l cattle-mark e t, if p l aced at the sitit:Tested, will'.i immediately adj acent to the South• Western Railit'''; including its Windsor and other b ranc h es, and in il; diate communicati,n with the whole narrow-g " , railway system of England, also with the river Ths l ,s and with the Grand Junction Canal. That the Len end South-Western C ompany will undertake -ifil run market trains at any hour of the night oil which may suit th e f requenters of the market, direel t i Brentford in 15 minutes. The present fares are, f i 'ii double journey by t h e fi rst class, Is. 61, and by - : 1 0 second class Is. Id. T oe company would make second-class double journey fare by these market ti Is. from the Waterloo station to the centre of the, 13 10 lift At Brentford. From the Waterloo station t t °,,„e. Paul's or F arringdon-street is one mile; to Hungeri' l l market half-a-mile; and to the steame rs on t h e rivet" • the Hunge r f or d and Waterloo piers, about half-a•Pli i After stating that 240 omnibuses each way commuto'' i j with or near to the Waterloo station, he states Oak means of the N ort h an d S outh-Western Junction ,A 1 way and th e new E ast and West India Dock line,!2 will be from and to Brentford frequent and one , communication to Will esden, Acton, Camden-torn , lington, Kingsla n d, H ackney, Stepney, Bow, and fill s t/ wall; and that 3 2 omnibuses also run daily from p City to Brentford, the best of them doing the distao o o 65 minutes. H e ma i ntains that no one of the other elf enumerated can present anything like equal accessib l o/ from London g enerally, and the City especially 5 1 sti Brentford. He then proceeds to show how peecisell 0 , proposed site at Brentford meets the requirements ferred to by th e C ommissioners in their report of 'ea' as essential to a new site for a cattle market. In A le elusion, Mr. H ar di ng states that he is authorised say to the Markets Improvement Committee, thafol company are able and willing to give every facilitYol accommodation if the Metropolitan Cattle Ma 11 0! • fixed at Brentford. ~ R AILWAY SHARE IVIARKE'r;, BRISTOL, MARCH 31. STOCK EXCHANGE. —Th ere was little or nothing int o wO/ the share market to-day. The only sale reported .° Bristol and Exeter, 90 1 4. LIVERPOOL, MARCH 31. fr .BTOCK EXCHANGK—The b us i ness to-day waR real!" mited, and prices had a downward tendency. The trnli tions were as follow: — Arnbergate and East Junctio f t ck! dis.—Caledonian, 16 ' 1 4—Eastern Counties, 9 3-16-- shire, shire and. Yorkshire, 711 k—Liverpool, Crosby, and So port, 19 Fs —Midland, 6 4—North British, 8 5-16 -- °"fple Eastern and Dover, 21 ' 1 / 4 —Great Southern and Watery , - ference, 37. dIANCHESTER. MARCH 31. oilf STOCK EXCHANGE. The — share market opened ii_ e oo this morning, but afterwards improved, and a fair inistO, of business was done at better prices. The trans- 0 1 1. were as f ollow—Blackburn ( No. No. 1), 54—Caledonia010/1 —Eastern Counties, 9 5-16—Lancashire and Yorkshir . toge —Ditto, 1201. F , 1 dis.— West Riding Union, 436 di5.....f/ ham Alli ance, 23 dis.—South- Eastern and D over , 2 2 t ett Anglian, 7 per cent., 2 7-16—London and North- 14 ' 63 0 New Quarters, 5 p.— Manchester and iiirminghaill ;de Quarters, 2 1-16 p —Manchester, Sheffield, and CIO shire, : 3 4—Ditto (No. I), 11 Si—Ditto, Preference, i ~, Ditto, New Preference, 11-16 p. Edinburgh and Glasg° f c.—York and North Llidlimil, 25. '' THE cOUNTKA MAKKETS..I . NEWCASTLE C ATTLE M ARKET , M ARCH PO. 01 beasts 724 head. Trade brisk at 3d per stone on last % e ll all sold. Number of sheep, 4,380; th e b etter qualities-R 4 making last wee's P prices, but trade was slow, and ps_7". mained on hand. k ricer —Beef, 4s Od to 5s 6d sheep, 4,1c1 to 6d per lb ; lambs, 7d to Bd. per .4 EDINBURGH MEAL M.ARICIT, MARCH 30 . —There stvibl the. meal market to-day 8 sacks oatmeal, each weitef 2801bs. imperial, whereof 6 sold thus at 3,3 s od, t 'of 32s 6d, 3at 32s Od, and 1 at 31s -tid ; average price 0 :00 whole 1/ 12s Od 10-12ths. 5 sacks pot - barley, which', thus: at 32s 6d, lat 31s, lat 28s, and 2at 27s 6d. . o i"! EDINBURGH HAY AND STRAW MARKET, MAJACII ': 4 olf Oat straw, from 8s Od to 9s 6d per kemple of 16 stencil wheat ditto, 8s 6d to 9s 6d ; barley ditto, 7s Od to . 0 Hay, from 9d to lld per stone. DALBEITH MEAL MARKET, MARCH' 29. in the market to-day 34 bags of oatmeal, 18 of barlel\ and 4of pot barley; sales ready. Oatmeal' the b u m , 0 lof week ; barleymeal sold at about previous rates; p0t.. 10 ! unsold. Oatmeal, per sack, of 280 lbs. First Second imperial .. J Barleymeal, per dit to 318 Od 303 Od 290 Peasemeal 234 Od 226 34 Flour ... • Od od —s Od 0 j oil Pot barley .. — s Od Od HartleCyo..A..L.:.M i AgKET.—YESTIRDA Y . Carn e Coal of Coal per ton at the close of the market:I l'" ,61 2s 9d Pensher ............... Ch ester Main l2s 6d Russell's Hett on Dean's Primrose ... 15 5 0.1 Holy well Howard's W. H. Net h. 12s 6d Kelloe .............. .. 149 A 0, Tanfield Moor ...--- 12s 3d South H artlepool ratittield Moor Butes... 12s Od South Kelloe WO Wall's End, &c. !Whitworth 13s Od Ncrth Hartlepool l'" IP, Gosforth .... 12s 9d Seymour Tees ...... .. 1 3/ 0; Harton 13s Od; Tees 16g 0 0 Hebburn ...... . ......... .... . N or thumberland 9 P Walker l2s 6d, Woodhouse Close Eden Main ..... l4e Od'Birchg. Graig. (hpd.) 229 0 4 Lambton Primrose ... 14s 3d Cowpen Hartley Braddyll Hetton Lambton Ships at market, 83 ...... Sold, 56. ------------ , BIRTHS. OF A SON. On the 28th ult., at Upper Berkeley-stre e t, Porto ' square, the wife of A. Henriques, Esq. On the 29th ult., at Cleve -grange, Kingston-on-nu' Surrey, the wife of W. M. Cochrane, Esq. . a OF A DA UGHTER. $ ~..l On the 29th ult., a t Lawshall Rectory, Suff o lk, the - 1 , • -if the Rev. Evan Baihie. On the 27th ult.' at Whatcroft-Tall, Che s hi re , th e Wlle William Maxwell, Esq., of Dali.kaitth, Scotland. % -- - -- MARRIED. l On the 30th u lt., at St. Mary Abbot's, Kensington, Chs e* o r youngest son of P ro f essor Cowper, of King's College, -livit don, and Kensington -park-villas, to Isabel Agnes, y 0 . 0 7 00. daughter of J. Th ompson, Esq., of Campden- hill, Kensing On .the 3 A Will'!'011 h ult., at H amps t ea d, M idulesex, Gribble, j un ., Esq ,of Lombard-street, and Wesbourne-1 0- 01 road, to Margaret, eldest daughter of E. Toiler, Esq. , Hampstead. DIED. 0 On the 21th u l t., at M a l ine: b urr, Wilts, aged 58, the i¢e Wilhem Fletcher, vicar of Harwell, Berks. On the 25th ult., at LeamingLon, aged 75, Ma r garet, re fjC of late J. Hanbury, Lid.Oa the 27th ult., at Ciieltviihani, Robert In g li s , Esq.,of e m,rly of (;:anion, aged 58. A' Ott the 29tti ult., at Brighton, Eliza, Widow of WilliaN Montague, Esq On the 30th ult. at Thames Ditton, Surrey, Harriet, - of the late B. Gibson, &q., aged 98. London: Printed and Published by hIURDO No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, Strand, in the Preeinct of tie Savoy, ill the ootiahr Aliddlom p Itutoday, April I s WIZ