The Sun. — London, England, 1846-04-06 00:00:00

QOUTH DEVON RAILWAY —7 LOANS ON DEBENTURE. The Directors of the South Devon Railway Company are ready to receive LOANS, for a term of Three Years, on the security of SIORTGAGE DEBENTURES, bearing interest at the rate of Five per Cent. per annum, payable half-yearly. Application to be made to the undersigned, at the South Devon Railway-office, Bedford Cirous, Exeter. WILLIAM CARR, Secretary. 17th February, 1846. 13, Great Marlborough-street. MR. COLBURNS NEW PUBLICATIONS. NOW READY. ADVENTURES in the PUNJAB. By Major LAWRENCE, Ben tai Artillery, Political Agent in Chargo of British Relations with La hore. Seeond Edition, 2 vols., 21s. TRAVELS in ALGERIA and TUNIS, in 1845. By Captain J. CLARK KENNEDY. An Account of a Journey made through the 1 wo Regencies, by Viscount FEILDING and Captain KENNEDY. 2 vols., 21s. 111. TIISTORY of the CAPTIVITY of 'NAPOLEON at St. HELENA. IV General Count MOIITIIOLON. New first translated and pub- Isheti from the Author's original Manuscript. 2 vols. Bvo. 28s. IV. TILE SIXTH VOLUME of the NELSON LETTERS and DlS 're ILES. RUSSIA. under the AUTOCRAT NICHOLAS I. By IVAN GO LOVINE., a Russian Subject. 2 vols., 21e. THE NEW TIMON. A Romance of London. Third Edition, 1 elegiultly bound, N. LETTERS of ROYAL and ILLUSTRIOUS LADIES of GREAT FAITAIN, Illustrative of the History of England. Now first published from the Original Manuscripts, with Introductory Notices. 14 MARY ANNE EVERETT WOOD. 3 vols., 31s. 6d. VIII. SEVEN YEARS' CAMPAIGNING in the PENINSULA and the NETHERLANDS. By Sir RICHARD D. HENEGAN. 3 Ito Ls., 218. IX. • SKETCHES FROM LIFE. By the Late LA3IAN BLAN CHARD, Esq. With a Memoir of the Author. By Sir E. BIILWER LYTTON, Bart. 3 vols. With Portrait and Engravings, from Designs, by G. Cruikshank, &e., 31s. 6d. X. THE CRESCENT and the CROSS. By ELIOT WARBURTON, Esq. FOURTH EDITION. 2 vols., with Illustrations, 21s. LADY HESTER ST ANHOPE'S MEMOIRS. Second Edition, 3 Tole., with Portrait, &c., 31a. 6d. XII. DIARY and MEMOIRS of SOPHIA DOROTHEA, CONSORT of GEORGE I. Now first Published from the Originals. Second Idition, 2 vole. Bvo., with Portrait, 28s. REVELATIONS of SPAIN In 1846. By T. 31. HUGH ES, Es q . Second Edition, Revised and Corrected to the present time. 2 vols. 21s. XIV. MEMOIRS of PRINCE CHARLES STUART, commonly Called The Young Pretender, with Notices of the Rebellion in 1745. By t. L. KLOSE, Esq. Second Edition, 2 vols. SIT., with Portrait, 245. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. H.kILWAY SHARES BY PUBLIC SALE. ,-- Tvpssßos., RailwayL AND Share °)d7 Auctioneers, s ction — eers, A b!gT: thank their Friends and the Public for their continued support and patronage, and to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, Ike, tAke place every TUESDAY and FRIDAY, at One o'clock„ at the Ball of Commerce, rhreadneedle-street, London, to which place all favours, containing instructions, are respectfully requested to be Addressed. All Scrip and Share Certificates must be deposited for exit !Equation at least one day previously to their being offered; and advices of results will be forwarded by the first post after the sale, Lai the proceeds immediately disposed of according to instructions. Offices, Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London. GENERAL TOM THUMB'S FAREWELL LEVEES at the EGYPTIAN HALL.—PASSIO).7 WEEK.— All Tickets that have been issued will be received, notwithstanding their dates. The little General appea-s in all the costumes and per- V,rmances in which he had the distinguished honer of appearing three times before her Majesty, and before all the principal Courts of Europe. _ Hours from Halfpast Twelve to Two; Half-past Three to Five; Ind Half-past Seven to Nine o'Clock. AdmisAion, Is.; Children, Half-price. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Nobility, Subscribers, and the Public are respectfully informed that an EXTRA NIGHT will take place on THURSDAY, APRIL 16, When will be presented Mozart's chef d'oeuvre, DON GIOVANNI. Donna Anna, Madame Grist ; Donna Elvira, Madlle. Sanclaioli ; Zerlina, Madame Castellan. Don Giovanni, Signor Fornasari ; Don Ottavio, Signor Mario ; Il Commandatore, Signor Botelli ; Masetto, Signor F. Lablache ; Leporello, Signor Lablache. With various Entertainments in the BALLET. In which Madlle. Grahn, Madame Petit Stephan, Madlle. Taglioni, M. Gosselin, AL Di Mattia, and M. Perrot will appear. Applications for boxes, stalls, and tickets, to be made at the Box- Mee. Opera Colonnade. Doors open at Seven ; the Opera to cum -3 ience at half-past Seven o'clock. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. ON EASTER MONDAY, APRIL 13, Will be performed a New Opera, entitled THE CRUSADERS, The principal characters will be sustained by Messrs. W. Har r son, Borrani, Hurncastle, S. Jones, Weiss, Stretton, D. W. King, Romer, and Miss Rainforth. After which, will be produced the Ballet d'Action, entitled PEROUSE ; or, The Desolate Island. Principal characters by /1/uille. Louise, Madame Giubilei, Mr. W. H. Payne, Mr. Howell, NI.. T. Nlatthews, Mr. Wieland, and Master F. Payne. ASTLEY'i ROYAL AMPHITHEATLE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. l'attsmised by her most gracious Majesty the Queen, Prince Albert, and the Royal Family. Easter Entertainment extraordinary for the holiday visitors. The Public are most respectfully apprised that the Summer Season will commence on EASTER MONDAY, APRIL 13, levlth an entirely new Equestrian Oriental Spectacle, replete with gorgeous pageantry, intense incidents, splendid scenic effects, com tilling the whole resources of the Dramatic and Equestrian Com panies, aided by the beautiful Stud. New Scenes in the Circle ; with other Entertainments, which will Le ttilly expressed in the bills of the day. Box-office open from eleven till five o'clock.—Tuition in the art of riding daily. kTO CORRESPONDENTS. We are much obliged to " K. D." for his friendly communi cation. The matters referred to are ENTIRELY FALSE in eery particular. Will our correspondent favour us with his name in strict confidence? THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, APRIL 5. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 41; Highest, 54; Noon, 56, BAROMETER, 29.40. WIND N.E.; morning, rain: afternoon, fine. APRIL 6. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 41; Highest. 56; Noon, 49. BAROMETER, 29.17. WIND S.W.; morning, rain: afternoon, showery. dlall WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. rorning .. 50 minutes after 9. 1 Evening .. 2S minutes after 10. year of 127,6071. The total charge for the quarter is 8,477,2061. The total ordinary revenue is, from the quarter, 9,735,7901. ; and far the year, 47,792,7511., showing a decrease on the quarter of 1,121,5041., and a decrease on the 3 ear of 2,327,2191., yet still leaving a surplus of income over expenditure of 1,783,3081. The tone and temper of Mr. O'CoNNELL's speech, on Friday night, on moving his amendment upon the Pro tection of Life (Ireland) Bill, were deservedly recog nised by Lord JOHN RUSSELL and Mr. SIDNEY HER BERT, and likewise well received by the House. We fear that Mr. O'CONNELL has frequently damaged the interests of which he is so powerful an advocate by having suffered himself at times to be betrayed into the loss of that equanimity of temper which governed his observations on the measure under discussion. But the forbearing spirit he exhibited on the occasion adverted to will not, we are sure, be without its due influence amongst his legislative colleagues. He handled with great ability every topic that could be introduced in opposition to the Govern ment measure. In this respect he left little for his country to desire. What he did, he did well. His acknowledged talents always guarantee as much. If he has failed to prove that the Bill he opposes is not fitting to be passed, this is to be attributed to the strength of the deplorable materials on which the Ministry grounded their application to Parliament, and not to any deficiency on his part. The sum of Mr. O'CoNNELL's advice was, to let the law remain as it is ; in other words, to let the crime of murder rage on (which must inevitably be the consequence, remembering that the ordinary law has been declared to be ineffectual for putting it down), whilst Parliament attempts to root out the causes that lead to the perpetration of the most fearful criminal atrocities. We think the Ministry hold the wiser language, when they recommend that, by enactments of sufficient vigour, the law shall first be rendered supreme over the murderer, and that then, or simul taneously, if possible, Parliament should address itself to the task of endeavouring to remove the irritants that may have goaded the people on to the commission of the horrid acts recorded against them. Much of Mr. O'CoNNELL's speech was devoted to allusions to different Irish political grievances, and so far it was not very relevant to the matter in hand; for he himself joined the Minister in admitting that the outrages set forth partook in ao wise of a political or religious character. It may then be taken as admitted, that, in respect to the desired security for life, and the causes that endanger the same, the religious wrongs or political ills of the Irish are not the points that demand imme diate redress. Mr. O'CONNELL attacked many of the clauses for their undue severity. This may be per fectly just; but they are details for consideration when the Bill shall be committed. He urged that all former Coercion Bills had failed, and that the present was severer in its character than any of its predecessors. If the previous measures failed, such failure might be attributed to their inadequacy for their object; and ex perience may dictate to us the necessity of a more powerful remedy than heretofore, if the assassin is to be brought to his merited doom. But we do not be. lieve that coercive measures—certainly not the latest (considered strictly as such)—have failed; on the con trary, they have been remarkable for their moral effects . This was strikingly proved by Mr. SIDNEY HER BERT in the official reports: received by the Government during their operation. In one in stance, a return to the Lord-Lieutenant showed that comparing the year preceding the proclamation against the county and city of Kilkenny with the subsequent one, there was a diminution of outrages in 1834 from 1,590 to 331—a difference amounting to 1,259 ! Coer cion Acts have not been suffered to expire on account of any abuses that sprung up ander them, but avowedly upon the representation of the resumption of social tranquillity. The storm has been lulled, but the suc ceeding calm has always been delusive. Such, how ever, would not have been the case had the Legislature, while it prudently stayed the band of the murderer, care fully investigated the vitiated condition of the country, and provided accordingly by salutary laws. Inasmuch as this benevolent policy was slighted, and altogether neglected, the danger and cruelty of which has been so ardently expostulated upon by Earl GREY in one House, and Lord JOHN RUSSELL in the other, so far, it may be fairly said, that measures of coercion have signally failed. This is doubtless the sense in which the word failure ought to be applied to all former Acts, necessarily, under the circumstances, restrictive of the liberty of the subject. Mr. O'CoNNELL asserts that the poor man will not be conciliated by the measure— we feel convinced that he will be so. It is for his pro tection that we consider the Bill as conducive to the highest ends of mercy. Of the truth of this Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT furnished an admirable and statistical expo sition. The landlords who have fallen victims bear an insignificant proportion compared with the unpro tected peasants ; when impunity fortifies, the machina tions of the midnight ruffian the afflicted and menaced cottier is alarmed by the weakness of the law which he is taught he ought to obey, but which he finds incapable of affording him protection. And in this way his fear preponderates over his duty, and thus, we apprehend, he has too frequently become the facile tool in the hands of the nocturnal monsters. lie is drawn into the vortex from which he would in the first instance gladly have escaped, had he been guarded by an effective, in the place of an enervated, administra tion of the law. The chronic emasculation of all whole some authority is painfully evident. At first night was deemed an indispensable shroud, both for the counsels of the ruthless conclave and the execution of their fiendish mandates. Emboldened by the success of their diabolical schemes against the poor, and under the veil of darkness, they have fearlessly progressed, and in open day inflict a sanguinary death on members of more elevated society, violence on whom under such circum stances they had not formerly ventured to contemplate. And whilst we have to lament that the law has so long been paralysed, it is not to be doubted that if Parlia. went should be wanting in its duty, this frighful state of things would continue to spread with alarming rapidity. Viewed in this light, we think Mr. O'CoN NELL is erroneous in attacking the measure, because its provisions are principally framed for being effective at night. True it is that many murders are committed in the day. Nevertheless, this is, in almost every case, merely the execution of the terrible sentence that has been resolved on at the nocturnal meetings of the confederates. Pursue them to their deadly haunts, and their designs, both by day and by night, will be most effectually frustrated. In other respects Mr. O'CON NELL'S speech is most valuable. He traces the causes of criminal pollution almost entirely to the abuses of property, to the inadequate state of the relationship between the landlord and tenant. On this branch of the subject he dilates with the greatest force, and his remarks are entitled to the utmost weight. He was the first who laboured to bring this matter prominently before the country. To the laudable remonstrances and startling arguments con tained in many of his letters were we indebted for the appointment of the Commission of which Lord DEVON was at the head, and hereafter, when Ireland shall be clothed with the features of real civilisation, posterity will feel itself deeply indebted to Mr. O'CoNNELL. lie advocates the extension of the Ulster tenant right to the other provinces —demonstrates how well it has worked, wherever it was recognised as a custom, even though unfortunately it was not the law, and how lamentable have been the effects whenever it has been resisted. His remarks are most apposite, and we should rejoice to see them duly appreciated in the Bill, promised to be laid before Parliament, for improving the condition of landlord and tenant in Ireland. We are aware how difficult it will be to obtain full concession in a Senate composed almost exclusively of landowners to these salutary measures, for eradicating the prolific sources of crime, where it may seem to intrench upon their own territorial rights. But we trust that they will be ani mated by a lofty spirit, and consider no sacrifice too great to disarm those who are bound to look up to them for guidance and protection—whose interests and wel fare are committed to their charge, by a judicious course of kindness and conciliation—of what they have too often been taught to consider their only remedy—the wild jus tice of revenge. The petty disputes between Lord ABERDEEN and M. G UIZOT about the affairs of Greece are below the dig nity of great states. Of so little importance are they to the balance of power, or to political influence in the East, that we must class them among those personal quarrels in which even grave statesmen occasionally indulge. What is Greece to France or England ? What part could she play in a contest for Constantinople or Egypt, or any other bone of contention ? Sho cannot exist upon her own resources, much less pay her debts; she is constantly disturbed by civil or military factions ; her King is a non-entity, and her Ministers are guided by their own selfish or party interests, and seldom or never attempt to elevate this beautiful and classical country to the rank so fondly anticipated by the nations of Europe. Many years of slavery have of the people, o e r la a p li s t e y a a i r l e e d n g t p h e e r eecze we before they e: .rt defend themselves, or be of service to either of i a ra nd p great geiefseara,nmdusmt powers that took them under their protection ; yet these powers are constantly at variance with each other re specting her internal policy. One considers it a master- j otr9ko of statenaszatlip t 9 get WAIN 11141254434 d fig MIVROCORDATO, a second works into the hands of ME TAXIS or MAVROCORDATO, and a third rejoices in sedition and bankruptcy, with a view to obtain more power in the south of Europe. And as if to render these disputes more ridiculous, Sir R. PEEL and Lord ABERDEEN give importance to them by speaking at M. PISCATORY or rather M. GUIZOT, and by reproaching and even me nacing the Greek Government while under the direction of CoLETTI, the favourite of France. M. GulzoT returns the compliment, and though he professes not to discuss words which " might have been spoken in another House of Parliament," he condemns them as improper, and considers it unbecoming to use similar language. It would be well for England and France if an end were put to these unseemly contentions; they only tend to weaken Greece and encourage a third power, who occa sionally assumes tho functions of a protector, that she may in due season come in for a share of the plunder. Like many other notions upon the principles which should regulate states, the opinion that penalties are necessary for the suppression of crime, and for the pre servation of social order, is gradually fading from the popular mind, and at the present moment is all but ex ploded. The grand law of nature, that a truth must ultimately develope itself before the gaze of the million, and become proportionately recognised, is in this, as in various other instances, meeting with its realization. Flaying, disembowelling, scourging, broiling, decapitating, and divers other equally ferocious punish ments, were employed in former times for the suppres sion of vice : the remedy proved ineffectual after long practice—it was slowly abandoned. More recently, nay up to our own generation, expiatory means have been used by the Legislature with the same hopes, the same intentions, and the same ill-success : hard labour, the penitentiary system, solitary con finement, fines, transportation to penal settlements, and strangling by the hangman. These measures— comparatively more lenient, but actually severe—have been adopted ; criminals have flocKed, session after ses sion, to the treadmill, the colonies, and the gibbet ; and, notwithstanding all these efforts to purge crime from the principality, the calendar has been stocked with a fear ful catalogue of offences, the list of felons has increased with our multiplying population. Having had these facts impressed upon us by the experience of past ages, and beholding in them the insufficiency of any expiatory method alone to eradicate the evil, it becomes apparent that we have hitherto proceeded upon false premises, that our regenerative efforts have been aimed in a wrong direction, that we have battled solely against the results of social disorder, and entirely, or almost entirely, neglected the application of any correc tives to the region in which that social disorder was propagated. These opinions, main tained at first individually, are extending themselves throughout society ; new lights are stream ing upon the mind of the people ; normal schools are the first indications of a vast moral revolution ; the sole re- liance upon penalties, as a means for the expulsion of vice, is becoming equally obsolete with the reverence for a protective system as a means of benefiting agriculture. That offences against the laws both moral and social originate generally in the mental incompetency re sulting from ignorance, is a fact authenticated by the official returns of the kingdom. That thousands would be reclaimed from a state little, if at all, elevated above the brute creation, by a wholesome instruction in the plastic period of childhood, is beyond a moment's cavil. This cumulation of evidence consequently re solves itself into the belief that the education of the desti- tute multitude would be far preferable to the present criminal policy, in a charitable point of view, while it would the more effectually prevent that dissemina tion of villany which now throngs our gaols, ani hulks, and a fair portion of our colonial possessions. Many have advocated this principle, more have awarded it an expressed or tacit approbation. Mr. HILL, of Birming ham, and Mr. C. PEARSON, of the city of London, have endeavoured to expedite the adoption of such measures, and Government, by the words of its Home Se cretary, as well as by its proceedings in our gaol administration and with reference to Ireland, appears to intimate anything but a hostile feeling towards the doctrine. Our attention has been just directed to a ser mon delivered before Mr. Baron PA.RHE and Mr. Justice MAIILE, during the Lent assizes, 1846, at Bury St. Edmund's. As the expressions of a clergyman of the Church of England upon a question so liable to en counter opposition among the ministers of different religious tenets, as being likely, in their opinion, to interfere with the promulgation of their several creeds, the language contained in this discourse is deserving of some especial notice. In the ideas as to the preferable character of education over punishment, the reverend gentleman fully acquiesces ; but he expressly stipulates that it be " an education large, comprehensive, generous, and unexclusive !" This is a declaration most creditable to the liberality of the clerical speaker, and the more creditable to him, possibly from his discarding all anxiety for "the proselytizing activity of rival religionists." He arrogates not to himself any right to propound a scheme suitable in all particulars to the great exigency of the nation. He contents himself with exposing our own direct participation in the crimes committed every year by allowing thousands to grow up in the most blind unconsciousness of right or wrong, of re- ward or retribution from GOD or from man. He stigmatises all previous efforts in the cause of the ignorant multitude as mere " palliatives and make shifts," and endeavours by all the powers of rhetoric and argument to enforce upon us the necessity which exists for some comprehensive interference on the part of our legislators. No plan, however, must be adopted without the most mature deliberation. The following things must be kept in view during its concoction, according to this philanthropic clergyman :—" We must show to the economist that it will be cheap, to the utilitarian that it will be of incalculable benefit, to the politician that it would strengthen the bonds of society, to the moralist and the philosopher that it will purify the mind, and to the Christian that it will chasten the soul." That these qualities are necessary we feel assured—that they can be harmonised and combined we are sanguine. In alluding in this particular manner to the sermon from which we have just quoted, we are actuated by two wishes ; first, to acknowledge a ge nerous effort in a generous cause, and coming from an authoritative quarter ; secondly, to hold out an ex ample to other ecclesiastics who are desirous of benefit ing their fellow-men. Madrid journals of the 28th ult. have been received. The Gazette of that date publishes two royal decrees—one abo lishing the tax on house -rent, and the other modifying the tax on trade and professions. These interfere materially with Senor Moo's new system of finance, and will cause considerable loss to the revenue, but, according to the official organ, they were levied in such an objectionable and unfair way that open resistance to them could scarcely be prevented. There is still, however, to be a fixed duty on trades, but to be levied in a less objectionable way. It was confidently stated that NAAVAEZ had invited both MON and PEDAL to enter the Cabinet, but that for the present they had refused. It is not unlikely, however, that MoN will be found neces sary for the very existence of the Ministry. No Spanish Minister for many years has shown such skill and honesty in financial reforms. It was said that, after some difficulty, Generals CONCHA, COTONER, CORDOVA, and ARAOZ had ob tained permission to travel into foreign countries. The Three per Cents, closed on the Madrid Stock Ex change on the 28th ult. at 321 cash, and 32 1 A for the 30th April ; the Five per Cents. at 22 for the 30th April. In the French Chamber of Deputies, in a discussion relative to the Greek loan, M. DE HAURANNE took occasion to blame the policy of the French Government, as well as that of England, towards that country. The three Powers were divided. "In 1840," he said, " the Pacha of Egypt was at tacked by England and Russia, because he was suspected of being too favourable to France. In 1846 M. CotErri found Russia and England opposed to him, because the same fault was imputed to him. He did not suppose that the Minster of Foreign Affairs could be at all suspected of uniting with either England or Russia to combat the friends of France; but every one must remark that, wherever the interest of France prevailed the entente cordiale disappeared—it :vas only practised where the English had the advantage." M. GUIZOT said he " would not undertake to justify the conduct of the English Government relative to Greece; it was evident that France considered it objectloh able, since she supported the very contrary lint to what England had adopted. Since M. CoLErrx had arrived at power, England did not follow the same course as France had done, and in that he considered her to be wrong. He had several times represented to the English Government how injurious such conduct was to the Government of Greece; he had not been able to convince her of the fact, and he had continued to pursue the policy of France in Greece. n —P r ore the revolution of 1843 France, England, and Russia 7aat ' . . o4uag a h b teetno of the same opinion as to the consequences had much con s emanate from that event, and th e i r couns p d regular f ollow Gov tributed to give Greece a cons tit ut i on '' s an ment ; Englandand o ß fc u o s i s l i o a afte: wards began t o seeprna-- it the policy rately their own line I _wet. But what was the resu lt? was was the friends of Eng ` a ld which prevailed in Fran ce ? N o, i t so that f` ,1 France who were at the head of affairs; th spoke- reproaches of the lion. Deputy who had just , .-.iseemed altogether misplaced. He should content uimself with declaring that the French Government would persist in its friendly conduct towards Greece, and that the Minister of France in that country should persevere in the conduct which he had adopted, in the counsels which he had given, in the support which he had lent, and that he shoul( be approved of and upheld in such conduct by the Freud; Government." Thie, together with the strong remark C'S r•-•,, , k "t TAU, • MA C t I_7 1-- `'.47, 7) . • • 114 •IF•91M1114 1 / 4 .A, • SECOND ' E DITION. o ~. LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 6, 1846. THE QUARTER'S REVENUE. The official return of the net produce of the revenue of Great Britain for the quarter ending sth April, 1846, will be found in another column. This return exhibits n decrease on the year of 2,327,2191., and on the quarter it decrease of 1,121,5041., and considering the large ~mount of duties which hare been taken off, the distress existing among the people in consequence of the failure of the potato crop, and the enhanced prices of ail articles of consumption, together with the almost total stagnation of trade and commerce occasioned by the factious oppo sition given by the landocracy to those measures of commercial reform which have been proposed by the klinister, and have twice received the sanction of over whelming majorities of the House of Commons, we are only surprised that the decrease is not to a larger amount. There is still, however, a surplus of revenue over expenditure of 1,783,3081. As might have been anticipated there is a considerable decrease in the Customs arid the Excise. The Customs revenue for the quarter is 3,961,9181.; for the year it is 17,664,618/.; allowing a decrease on the quarter of 440,588/. and on ear of 2,512,113/. The revenue from the Excise 15 for the quarter 1,626,4581. ; and for the year 11,886,0851., showing a decrease on the quarter of 291,027/., and on the year of 338,8221.; so that by far the larger po r ti on o f t h e decrease on the :s ear in the Excise revenue has taken place during the last quarter, and as the amount of the Excise revenue I;2S always been considered as an indication of the rate of the working population of the country, Vlis large decrease furnishes an additional proof that us provisions increase in price so does the ilistress of the labouring classes increase; the earliest indication of the approach of that distress being a fall ing-off in the Excise revenue, consequent upon the inability of the working classes to purchase those tumble luxuries in which, when in a state of compara tive comfort, they are wont to indulge. There is a de crease on the quarter, of 56,593/. in the revenue derived from Stamps, the amount for the quarter being 1,685 8681. The amount of revenue derived from Stamps for the year, is 7,095,5211., showing an in crease on the year, of 380,6811. The rise, progress, and cessation of the railway fever, together with the present state of stagnation in trade, will sufficiently account both for the increase on the year, and for the decrease on the quarter. The taxes for the quarter amount to 143,14 0 /., and for the year to 4,224,0391., showing an increase on the quarter of 197/., and on the year of t;,')01 /. 'the property-tax shows the increase on the quarter of 53,1711, and a decrease on the year of 19,7071., the total amount of revenue derived from that impost being for the quarter 1,963,882/., and for the year, 5,084,74/. The Post-office revenue, we are reoiced to say, goes on steadily increasing. The .mount for the quarter is 215,000/., for the year 768,000/., showing an increase on the quarter of 37,000 1 ., v,nd on the year of 89,0001. If the principle of the uniform and cheap postage, conjoined with frequent deli veries and proper attention to the public wants and accom modation were fully carried out, the increase in the Post office revenue would be enormous. If the experiment were An • Isirly tried, in five years the revenue derived from the Post-office would exceed that raised under the old system. The revenue derived from the crown lands is for the quarter 45,000/., for the year 130,0001., showing An increase on the year of 5,000/., and on the quarter of 10,000/. Under the head of miscellaneous, the revenue for the quarter is 91,522/.; for the year 939,7472, show lug A docreno on Oa Tarter pf 423,4944 ) sa4 vn rho THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 6, 1846 made by Lord ABERDEEN and Sir R. PEEL in Parliament, shows at least that the entente cordiale does not prevail in the entire policy of the two Governments. The Journal des Debats announces that the Commission on the navy esti mates had made their report, according to which it is recom mended to reduce the effective strength of the navy, as pro posed by the Government. The Government plan was to fix the effective strength at 40 ships of the line, 20 afloat and 20 on the stocks ; 66 frigates, 40 afloat and 26 on the stocks; 160 schooners and brigs all afloat, making with transports a total of 286 vessels. The Commission pro poses that the fleet should consist of 36 ships of the line, of which 20 are to be afloat and 16 upon the stocks ; :55 frigates, 40 afloat and 15 upon the stocks; 130 schooners and brigs, all afloat; and 16 transport ships; total 231 vessels. Besides 100 steamers, it recommends a steam force of 3,800- horse power, to be applied upon four ships of the line, four frigates, and four schooners ; a steam force of 800-horse power for two floating batteries, destined to defend the en trance of the rivers ; and reduces the supplementary credit of 93,000,000 f. demanded by the Government to 73,000,000 f. , . The Gazette de France announces, from certain information, that " the general election will take place before the 15th of July. The Chamber of Deputies will have finished its opera tions by the 28th May, and the Peers by the 10th June. The session will be closed on the following day, and the Chambers dissolved immediately after. Acsording to all appearances, the elections will commence on Saturday, the 11th July." The following are miscellaneous extracts from the other papers : _ . " It is stated as certain," says t►he Constitutionnel," that in consequence of a convention between the Holy See and the Austrian Government, troops belonging to the latter are to be directed towards the legations." According to a letter from Rome in the Observer of the Rhine, the Grand Duke Constantine has received instructions from St. Petersburgh to proceed direct to Palermo, instead of embarking, as he had intended, at Genoa and Toulon The writer adds, that in all probability the Grand Duke will not visit Toulon at all, as the Emperor of Russia is said to have taken new offence, under the supposition that the accusation against Russia by the Abbess of Minsk was sent to Paris by M. Rossi, the representative of France at the Court of Rome. _ -------- Amongst the persons arrested in Poland, in connexion with the late outbreak, is M. Wiznieski, who is stated, in a letter from Vienna to have been an active agent of the Polish Committee in Paris. A letter from Cracow of the 23d sates that the number of persons now imprisoned there on charges connected with the late revolt is 570, and that a reward of 1,000 florins has been offered for the apprehension of Dembroski, who was secretary to the Dictator, but who, according to some ac counts, was killed at Podgorze. The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on Friday at 83f. 70c, ; the Five per Cents., 119 f. 85c. ; the Orleans ltailr.)ad shares, 1,282 f. 50c. ; Rouen, 1,045 f. ; Havre, 747 f. 50c. ; Great Northern, 772 f. 59c; Avignon, 947 f. 50c;. Viezron, 690 f. ; Bordeaux, 645 f. ; Boulogne, 515 f. ; Troyes and Montereau, 430 f. ; Basle, 23Gf. 25c. ; Dieppe, 460 f. ; Paris and Strasbur, 531 f. 25c. ; Tours and Nantes, 552 f. 50c.; Paris and Lyons, 590 f. Spanish Passives, 5%. The following were the quotations on Saturday :- Five per Cents., 119 f. 95c ; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 113 f. ; Four per Cents., 106 f. 50c. ; Three per Cents., 83f. 60c. ; Bank Actions, 3,405 f. ; Belgian Five per Cents., 1842, 102% ; Belgian Four and-a-Half per Cents., 98% ; Bente de Naples (Rothschild, 101 f. 52c. ; Belgian Bank, 1835, 900 f.: t;panish Passives, 53C ; Spanish Three per Cents., 1845, 36% ; Romans, 10114. Exchange on Len don, one month, money, 25f. 65c. ; three months, money, 25f. 47%c. • BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK ESCIIANGE, Aram 4. Boulogne and Amiens, 12—Bordeaux, Toulouse, and Cette (Espeleta), 2—Dutch Rhenish, i%—East Indian, 1 / 2 —Great North ern of France Constituted, 14y2—Louvain and Jemappe, 1 1 / 4 —Lux embourg, 112—Namur and Liege, 1% —Orleans and Bordeaux, 114 —Paris and Rouen, 40% —Paris and Strasbourg (Constituted), b% —Sambre and Meuse, 31i —West Flanders, 3. The Queen held a Privy Council a half-past two o'clock this afternoon, at Buckingham Palace, which was attended by most of the Cabinet Ministers. The Court will, it is expected, leave town on Wed nesday or Thursday next for Windsor Castle, to spend the Easter holidays. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, QUARTER TO THREE. The sales of Cotton at Liverpool, on Saturday, were about 3,000 bags, including 500 American for export. The market was quiet, at previous rates. The Share market continued very dull, and in consequence of the scarcity of money, most descriptions of shares were lower. In the opinion of the mercantile classes of the City, the " Protectionists" in the House of Commons have taken the best means in their power to retard the passing of the plans of Sir Robert Peel. But scarcely one of our merchants were prepared to see such a falling off in the receipts of the Cus toms and Excise, as is apparent in the official returns made public in The Sun of this afternoon. The diminution in the receipts of the two all-important branches of the reve nue is solely and entirely to be attributed to the anxiety of the trading interests to see the measures of Government passed into law before new operations, on their part, are en tered into—till, in fact, they are enabled "to see their way clear," as the almost every-day phrase is when wholesale and retail dealers throughout the country are solicited for orders. It is, therefore, held to be of the most pressing importance that the final decision of the Le gislature upon the corn and other measures of the Ministry should be announced at the earliest possible period. In the event of the Corn Bill being rejected by the House of Lords, and an appeal to the country being made by Sir Robert Peel, the delay that will inevitably occur must prove as prejudicial to the revenue returns in the present as it has been in the last three months. Accounts of February 7th, from the Cape of Good Hope, state that there had been some extra detachments of troops sent to the frontier, in consequence of an apparent disposition on the part of the Kafiri to prevent our building a fort on the neutral territory. All, however, seems to have passed off well. There is nothing interesting from Natal. There has been an increased amount of business done in Public Securities this morning, as the several stocks, the transfer-books of which have been for some time closed, are now open for "private withdrawals," by paying the cus tomary fee. In a few days the banks will open in the regular course of business. The Three per Cents. Reduced opened at. 95% lA, with the dividend taken off. Relatively this is a higher value by one-half per cent. than the stock bore before the closing of the books at the Bank. The Three per Cent. Consols too are now quoted at 96 1 / s 1 4. The value of Long Annuities have been purchased at 10% 3.16 with the dividends al,o deducted. Consols for Account are very steady at 96 1 4. The premium upon Exchequer-bills has just been quoted at 255. Business has been rather brisk in the Foreign Stock Market to-day, but the variations have been slight. The Brazilian Five per Cents. have been taken at 804, ex-divi dend tu;gAueussetrciaofinvaetrtleld3 ; at C s h 7 il v2 ian ; at s 9 pan 6 jah and the at 251,‘ Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents , at 59 1 h for the ' Account. The Share Market is in a dull state this morning at the quotations annexed. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK (From the Official List.) Bank Stock • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 20534 2061 ex div Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. 951 i ii ox div Three per Cent. Consols Annuities ~ .. 96 14 li New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anns. 97 96!i i ex div Long Annuities, Expire JAIL 5, 1860 .. 10 1 1 3-16 cx div Batik Stock for Account • • .. .. .. 20914 Consols for Account • . • . d. .. .. .. 9614 Exchequer Bills. 1% I%d. 1,0001. • • •• " •• • • 25 —— pm. 5001. • • • . • • •• • • 25 27 pin. Ditto, Small .. •• • • 28 28 Pm. PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK. Austrian Bonds, 5 per Cent. .. ~ 113 Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent .. .. 80% ex div Clalian Bonds, 6 per Cent. .. „ 96 Granada, 1 per Cent. ~ . 224, Mexican Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cent .. 32 Portuguese Three per Cents. , , 57 , z Ditto, for the Account .. .. 58'& S pan i s h Bonds, 5 per Cent. ~ .. 2 ,1 Dividends on the above payable in London. Belgian Four-and-a - Half per Cent. 99 Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. Ditto, for the Account .. 5 , %. , 4 Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 92 1 4 h BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SHARES AT N 3/4 E .. O t • o CL_OCK RAILWATS• PAID. PER SHARE. Aberdeen • • • • • • • •' 1 2% .... to 1 Birmingham and Gloucester • • ..100 •• • • 124 .... to Birmingham and Oxford Junction .• 2 .. • • 1s .... to Bristol and Exeter • • • • • • •• 75 •• • • 8444 .. ••to Buckinghamshire . • .. • • • • ••4 2 s . .... 1 dis .. to 7 .... to 6% Caledonian ............10 .... Ditto Half Shares • • • • • • " 2 •• • • 1 %•• to Direct Direet M man an c c h h e es s t te e r r TReasintrinicgkto,Bn;s.). :.. 5 21 ........ 3% .. to _ Direct Northern . • • • • • • • • • 236 •• • • 1%% • • to Eastern Counties • • • • • • 141. 16s. ed..... 20% j. .. to D p o it . t , o l:e l rp_ o e rit tualEx,stepnesriCon , t. No : 1, ..61 .1.381.04:1.......... 11,4.... h, p.. to to — 1 Ditto, ditto • • .. '1•.;o. 2, Si. 13s. 4e1.• •• • M p x.d. to East Lincolnshire • • • • • • • • • • 1 14• • • • 76 •. • • to— Edinburgh and Glasgow • • • • •• 50 ••• • 71 ••.. to Goole, Doncaster, and Sheffield, &c... 425. .... % dis..• to Great Southern and Western (Ireland) 15 .. • • 20% .... to 21 Great North of England • • •• • • 100 .. .. 210 .. •• to 211 Great Western • • • • .• • • .. 85 •• • • 144% •••• to Ditto Half Shares • • •. • • • 50 .... 83 .... to 84% .... Ditto, Quarter Shares • • .. • • 5 .... 1534 • ... to - Liverpool and Leeds Direct .. • • 2N, -• • 214 .. • • to - London and Birmingham •• .. .. 100 ....219 218. • to 220 Ditto, Thirds 2 .. 27 1 ,4 .... to - Ditto, Quarter Shares - • • • • • • . 50 .... 52 .... to 61% Loudon and I.lrighton • • • • • • • • 27 .... to - London2o •• • • .. .. • • .. .. 16 .• • 524 .... to - Ditto ditto Fifths •• • • • • • • Ditto, Guaranteed Five per Cent.. • 9 ... 761.,.: .. . to - London and South:We:item - 411. to 10d. • taii,i s to London and York • • • • • . 2 ,,,, „.. IN% .. to - London, - Ditto, Half Shares • • • • • • ' • ', 11 , .. to - and Croydon .. .. 131. 15s. 90. ....... 22243.6:: t 0 0 0 _- to -- Ditto, and Leeds • • • • • ~ ~ 54 .... to - Ditto,Ditto, Half Shares • • • • • • • • 38 0 .. 10}i .... to - Warwick, and Kidderminster 234. '' • Pa ; ; Fifths .. • • • • •• • • - " .• • to •.. 11 a. • • tO - Ditto, Quarter Shares (A) .. • • 4 • • Manchester and Birmingham .. - 2 „.• 841 f. • 1. - Ditto, Quarter Shares (11) .. • • 1 ~ ~ 6y, ~ • • to Ditto,.- Quarter Shares (C) .. - .. 40 •• • • - 1 L •* th .... Manchester, Buren, and MatiOck .. 425. .... % P . ' to 1) " . Manch,ster and SOutlia. ,- i On 2 •• " •fa '• i• --- •- . •• • 144 :... lo 143 Midland Ditt o, itio B :Nr i 6 nn w ingha . lll ai . l . a Derby " :: P 1• 1104 :: .... 1215124 - •••• to - ~c astle I- N -- th - Ditto, New ~ 2 1 5 e ~,c astle and Darlington Junction • • 25 •• • • 0 14 1 •• •• Newark, heflleld, and BoSton .: 71, %.. to :::: 4:*a ••• • 0 - - Ditto, New, Brandlini .. • • • ' Newcastle and Berwick .. .. .. 10 •• • • 174.... to - North British .. ~ .., , .. 20 •• • • 241 A .... to - Rugby, 'lt'arwick Ditto, Celli-Kt P*ttllelon • "IIA.. ~ 1% .... to - North !CO , . tha Direct Dover • . N•• • • I % ', 4 i .•to - North Staffordshire . •• : 425• •• • • 1%90, p to . - Oxford, Worcester, & Wolverhampton •• 12% •• • • 61 ,4 `sw) . ''•:. Perth and Invernees . . 2,‘, ..., I to i .. 0,4: - .1. 1,i... to - Scottish central .. . . ster ~• io - .. ...... dis. to - to - Ditto New - •• .. .: •• • • 2 % "•- 514 - - to - • and l'orCe • • • ... 4ts• •• I. I N Shrewsbury and Birrinn2h 4nr , • • •.. *i •• • • iii ••• • to Shropshire tans Birmingham - - „ 425....• 1 , 4 dis to - - Shrewsbury and Heref . or - - • 2 3 i . 1 .... to - Son') Ilidland • ,. 425.. ..• % cue to - S outh, .. to - Eastern and Dover ••• I, • • 33 % •• " 3 !,, •• • • outh Wales .. . . . • ~ 5 •• • • . - 4••• ' t° - Vale of heath .. .: •.• • • .. 2 •• • • i!,, .... to - West Riding Union •, •• . 42e.• •• . 11' p,„ to - Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth • .• 2 % •• " a ., : ' 4 %.. t° -to - York and North Midland .. 50 •• •• •'• •' ' • Ditto, Scarborough Branch :: .. 25 •• •• 46 •• • • to - Ditto East and West Riding Extension I .. • • 7: 4 '' " t ° - FOREIGN RAILWAYS. Dutch Rhenish .., •' •' .. , ''%.; .. to - East Indian .. , „ .: .. 5 5 , •„ „ 4%34" to - Great Northern of France • Constitute:! 5 •• • • 1. " • • t-- NamurLuxembourg .. .. „ • 1 3 ' %• • to - .„ 4 ...• A and Liege • • , ~ ~ IN .... to - ' .. .. . • . Orleans and Bordean,. .. 6 .... iiji .. • . to- LLOYD'S SHIPPING-(THIS DAY.) LONDON, APRIL 6.—Wind S.W., light breeze and cloudy. There have been heavy falls of rain since 5 A.M. WHITBY.—Sid. Ross shire, Johnson Quebec. BRIDLINGTON.—And. Amelia, Madley, .Newcastle, for Faversham, leaky ; Fox, Berwick, Grangemouth, Rouen, with loss of topmast. and sails split, &c. The Industry, Brooks, of Sherrhigham, was towed into this port yesterday, a derelict, with loss of mainmast, foretopmast, &c., having been in contact with a vessel, name unknown. DEaL, APRIL s.—The Somersetshire sustained considerable damage yesterday, from being in contact with the lEneas, as reported last night. RAMSGATE, APRIL s.—The Lanrentia, Grunland, of Calmar, from Arundel to Trieste, got on shore on the Flemish Bank 3d inst.; master, mate, one man, and a boy drowned. DEAL, Aran 4.—The -Eneas, Townsend, for Calcutta, has put back to the Downs, with loss of bowsprit, figure .head, and other da mage, having been in contact with the barque Somersetsbire off the South Foreland. The Elizabeth, Watson, for Prince Edward's Island, was agrou , d on the Red Sand, Swashway, but makes no water, ana will proceed. 'amount, APRU, 4.—The Comet, Sanson, from Shields to Alan ningtree, got on the Barber Sand last nighs, but came off with 6 feet Water in her kold, and soon after sunk ; crew saved. The Henriette, Baker, of Exeter, from Newport to Lynn, got on the Scroby Sand last night, and has become a wreck ; crew saved. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 4 and s.—Wind E.S.E., fresh. Arrd. Pa keuham, Barbadoes ; Mary Jane, Alexandria ; Maid, Sproule, Hong . Kong ; Glenarm, Guy, Calcutta ; Cosmopolitan, Griffiths, Africa ; Bella Portena, Pyott, Arica; Flora, Langlois, Valparaiso; Columbus, Green, Pernambuco ; Lucia Field, Rich, Cuba; Stata, Nichol, Ha vannah ; Henrietta and Mary, Reid, Staten Island ; Howard, Hall, Boston ; Caledonia steamer, Halifax; Elizabeth, Moses, ditto; Ready- Rhino, Patterson, dittol'Rebecea, Simpson, Pegwash ; London, Red head, Miramield ; Lady Bagot, Williams, Quebec. Put back, Courier, for St. Petersburgh, with loss of head and cutwater, having been in contact with a flat. MARGATE, APRIL s.—The Spanish brig San Franciso, laden with stock-fish, is supposed to have sunk on the Long Sand ; a small part of cargo, four anchors, and some stores saved. MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANtiE-MONDAY. Last week's arrivals of English Wheat, Barley, and Oats were tolerably good, and of full average quality, while those of N alt were somewhat extensive. Of other kinds of grain, as well as Flour, of home produce, the supplies were rather limited. From Scotia d very litt.e grain of any description came to hart 4. The same remark may be applied to the Irish supplies, as well as those received from abroad, if we except those of Beans, being large. Fresh up, coast wise as well as by land-carriage and samples, the supply of Wheat of home produce, was but moderate, yet the stands were moderately well filled with parcels of both red and white. The attendance of both town and country buyers being on the increase the finest qua lities sold steadily at prices fully equal to, but at nothing beytind, those obtained on this day se'nnight. The middling and inferior parcels were, however, a dull sale, at barely last week's quotations. At the close of the market a total clearance was not effected. The importers of foreign Wheat having released a very small quantity of grain at the prevailing duties for some time past, the show of that article to-day, free of duty, was extremely small, yet the demand t. r it was inactive, and previous figures were with difficulty supported, notwithstanding the comparative firmness on the part ot'the holders. A somewhat increased manner of bonded parcels of 'Wheat on show. Although the holders were anxious sel lers, and would have submitted to a trifling rrduction in prices, very few speculators appeared ; consequei itly, the transactions wera on a very limited scale, at about nominal figures. The supply of Barley, both English and Foreign, was by no means large. The best malting parcels suported late rates, but grinding and distilling sor s were very dull, and prices were with dinicuity supported. Having a large qualm yof Malt on offer, that article was a very slow inquiry. The test white parcels moved off in re tah at previous figures ; but other kinds were a mere drug. The arrivals of Oats from all pa, is having been small, the Oat trade was tolerably steady, and last week's priers were .airly supported. We understand the shipments of Oats front the principa: lush ports have been on a limited scale for some time past. The supply of Beans was some what on the increase. All descriptions moved off slowly. at barely late currencies. White Peas supported previous quotations, bu' all other kinds hung heavily on hand. Although the supply of Flour was by no means large, the demand was in a very inactive state, at previous quotations. CURRENCY PER IM. Wheat—Essex & Kent, ERIAL MEASURE Malt—Chevalier • • .... 64s to 65a Oats—Yorkshire and Red, New.... 518 to 65s Ditto,White, Old. • b7s 70s Norfolk and Lin coln, Red.• •.. 528 65s Ditto, White •• • • 55a 68s Irish, Red •.•• • • • • 51s 54s Ditto, White ••• • • • 53s 57s stye—Old •••••• • • • • • • 368 388 New. •••••• •• • • • • 388 40s Barley 7 Grinding... • • 248 25s Lincolnsh., Feed. 23s 27s Potatoe 305 32s Youghto, and Cork, 81ack....... 23s 25s Cork, White ..... 24s 29s Scotch, Feed. .. .. 20s 30s Beans—Tick......... 345 41s Pigeons ...... 43s 495 Pease—Grey . ........ 38s 415 Map1e........... 415 44s Malting ......... 31s 34s Chevalier ••••.• •• 378 38s Malt—Suffolk and Nor folk ••• • .. 58s 62s Brown ••• • • 578 603 Kingston and Ware 63s 65s FOREIGN GRAIN Ais Wheat—Dantzic . • 578 to 63s 1 Haniburgh Barley 22s 28s White ........... 46s 53s Boilers ......... 54s 568 Flour—Town-made... 55s 57s Suffolk 48s 495 Stocktn & Norfolk 468 48s 'D FLOUR IN BOND. Beans Pease.... .•• . • • 41s 47s Flour—American ... • . s —s Baltic ..... . • .... -8 Oats--New ..• ••• • • • 25s 27s Feed •••••• • • .• 22s 23s SMITHFIELD. During the past week the imports of live stock into London have been but moderate, viz., 100 Cows, 40 Oxen, 4 Calves, and 200 Sheep from Rotterdam and Harlingen ; while at Hull about 120 head have come to hand from the above ports. In to-day's market we had on offer about 100 Beasts and 60 Sheep. derived from Holland. The quality of this stock was tolerably good, yet the demand for it was in a very sluggish state, at, in most instances, drooping prices. Not withstanding the arrivals of Beasts from our own grazing districts fresh up this morning were by no means large, the. time of year considered though of most excellent quality—the beef trade was very dull. However, the very primest Scots were mostly disposed of at last week's prices, viz., from 4s to 4s 2d per albs ; but all other kinds declined 2d per Blbs, and a total clearance was not effected. From Norfolk, Suffolk. Essex, and Cambridgeshire we received about 1,000 Scots, home-breds, and short-horns ; from the western and midland counties, 700 Herefords, runts, Devons, &c. ; from other parts of England, 400 of various kinds ; from Scotland, 130 horned and polled Scots; and from Ireland, 90 Beasts, the remainder of the supply being derived from abroad and the neighbourhood of the metropolis. The numbers of Sheep being again on the increase, and of unusally prime quality, the butchers purchased very cautiou•ly hence the Mutton trade was dull, and the quotations suffered a decline of from 2d to 4d per Blbs.—the extreme figure in the wool not exceeding ss. per Bibs. There were about 8,000 shorn Sheep in the market, which were mostly disposed of at prices within 8d per Bibs of our general currencies. The Veal trade was in a very inactive state, at barely stationary prices. Lambs were in moderate supply, and heavy in quiry, at 5s 6d to 7s per Sibs. In Pigs exceedingly little was doing, at barely last week's quotations. Per Sibs. to s i s. d. s. d. Inferior Beasts .•• • 2 6 3 0 Second quality ditto. 3 2 3 6 Prime large Oxen.. 3 8 310 Prime Scots •••• • • 4 0 4 2 Large coarse Calves 4 4 410 Prime small ditto 5 0 5 4 Suckling Calves •18 0 30 0 Inferior Sheep • • . 3 4 310 sink the offal. a. d. to s. d. Second quality ditto 4 0 4 2 Coarse-woolled ditto 4 4 4 8 Southdown Wethers 4 10 5 0 Ditto out of the wool Large Hogs •••• • • 3 6 4 6 Small Porkers •• . • 4 8 5 0 Quarter old Pigs •. 16 0 20 0 Lambs •••••• • • • • 5 6 7 0 Beasts. 2,604 SUPPLY AT MARKET. Sheep. I I Calves. I 20,000 68 Pigs 318 NEVIGATE AND LEADEN33.I4 TAT,. The arrivals of country-killed meat up to these markets during the past week have been somewhat extensive, the time of year considered, and of fair average quality. With meat slaugh'ered in the metropolis we have been tolerably well supplied, hence the general demand has been in a very sluggish state, at, in some in stances, drooping carrencies. Very few carcases of foreign beasts or sheep have appeared on sale. At per stone, by the Carcase. s. d. to s. d. 1. d. to s. d. Beef, inferior•• •• 2 4 2 6 Mutton, interior 3 4 3 6 -- middling ••• • 2 8 210 middling— 3 8 310 prime large •• 3 0 3 2 prime .• 4 0 4 4 prime small •. 3 4 3 t, Pork, large— • • 3 4 4 4 Veal ..... ........ 4 2 5 2 small .. •• 4 6 5 2 Lamb. Os Od to Os Od. ARRIVALS DURING THE PAST WEEK. Beasts Sheep Calves Pies. Scotland ....................•••• 55 620 600 Yorkshire •••••• • • • • • 70 700 800 Lincolnshire •••• • • • ........... • • 80 200 200 Norfolk •••• • • • ................. 50 110 120 •••••••••••••• 40 80 200 Cambridgeshire .......• ........ 80 190 100 Essex ••••••••.•. • • • • • • • • • Surrey ..... ••••••••• • • • • • • • • 70 230 120 400 r; n Devonshire .. Wiltshire • • .............. Other parts •••• .• ... ... 50 100 SO 200 ... 200 300 200 300 Total •••• • • • • ...... 715 2,610 450 3,280 Previous week's.. Difference since our last •. • . 181 240 30 780 BOROUGH AND SPITAMPIELDS. Although the arrivals of Potatoes at the waterside during the past weak have not been to say large, the demand has been in a very sluggish state, and prices have been with difficulty supported. York Reds, 1005 to 140 s per ton ; York Regent's, 70s to 100 s; Shaw's, 60s to 70s ; Perthshire Reds, 85s to 90s ; Aberdeen Reds, 753 to 80s ; Montrose Buffs, 85s to 90s. Many of the above quotations are almost nominal. BOROUGH HOP MARKET. Choice parcels of Hops still continue In good request, at very full prices, !tut all other kinds—the supply of whioh b tolerably good— are a slow inquiry, at barely late rates. WOOL. Since Monday last the imports of Wool into London have consisted of 2,372 bales from South America, 233 do. from Germany, 98 from the East Indies, 82 from Russia, 19 from Belgium, and 34 from Italy. English Wool is a very slow inquiry, on somewhat easier terms. In foreign and colonial qualities next to nothing is doing. TALLOW. There is no alteration in the state of this market. Prices of the better descriptions of Foreign Tallow are the same as last weak. Town Tallow has declined Is. 6d. per cwt., In consequence of the mild weather. HAYMARKET THEATRE. —On Saturday Mrs. Glover took her benefit at this theatre, and the admirers of legitimate comedy assembled in overwhelming numbers to do honour to the genius of our greatest comic actress. The entertainments consisted of " the Beggar on Horseback," " A concert," and the comedy of " the Love Chase," in which last a young lady, understood t• be a daughter and pupil of Mrs. Glover, appeared in the character of Lydia, and made a most successful and promising debfit. THE COURT.—WINDSOR, SUNDAY MORNING.— Agreeably to the InStructioas received by Mr. Roberts, the newly appointed Inspector of Palaces, her Majesty and the Prince Consort, accompanied by the royal family, take their departure from Buckingham Palade oh Wednesday neAt, for the purpose of spending the Easter holidays at the Castle. During the sojourn of the Conn, which will not be extended beyond a period of ten days, it is expected that her Majesty the Queen Dowager, his Serene Highness the Here ditary Prince of Saxe Meiningen, Ind several distinguished per sonages, will join the the royal and illustrious party At the Castle. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent will leave Clarence nottee, St. James's, for Frogmore, on Tuesday or Wednesday next. . The Right HOn. the Speaker of the House of Com mons gave his last Paltainentary entertainment this session, on Saturday, at his mansion in Eaton-square. The following noblemen and gentlemen constituted the dinner circle:-Viscount Alford, Vis count Eastnef, Viscolitit Emlyn, Lord Charles Wellesley, Lord Claud Hamilton, Hon. William A'Court Holmes, Sir John Trolispe, tart Sir John Rae Reid, Bart., Sir Charles Douglas, Bart., Captain A'Court, ColOnel Reid, Colonel Hugh Winne, Captain Taylor, Alderman Cope land; Aldkitifin Thompson, Mr. Henry Mildmay, Mr. Long, Mr. B. BotSidd, Ms. Lockhart, Mr. Batty Baldwin . , Mr, Lyall, Mr. Barily, Mr. Montagu Gore, Mr. Knight, and Mr. P. If, Dickinson. Lady Cnarles Weilesley was stitch ddivi - red of a son at Aptley House, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon yesterday. SACRED HARMONIC SOCIETY. The annual per formance in Passion-week is announced to take place at Exeter Ball, on WedrieSdai next, The remains of the late lion. Mrs. Norton were re moted priyately frail Abbeyhill House, on Wednesday the Ist, to he interftd at orditig to the English ritual , besi de those of the late Baron Norton, in the family mausoleum at Wonersh, near Guile... - . in Surrey, The Duke of Wellington will l a vee Ape House on Easter or t p he recess. Thursday next for Strathfieldsaye, H The Xohle and Gallant Duke will not be absent from town beyond tbn 4 dayiA: on Friday last, laori.4 and Lady gfaniev tvete to leave Belvoir Castle, where they have been visiting the L of an ll c u a t s l i a li t r id e : with the inten tpe )7'4;1 of Pn-bl!' Knowsley the Z , Toble and Venerable J ail. ie pass the hcaluayl by Sir Robert Mr. Bonham, who has been app. 'ate Mr, Mar- Peel theStitish Consul at Calais, in the room of the ~. shall, left town last week to enter on tile duties of the Censu,...._ The Society for the Enebtirdgethent of Arts in London have awarded their Sive' MVO,. itit it design lediliAl ttl Mr. Henry A. Dattiallirt, Gi'slenneys, late pupil r. tidni E; Cite. gan, of. Manchester.-Manchester Guardian. Contents of Bell's Life in London, of A nril 5 i—Pull particulars of the Glorious Victories in India-the church Simony and Slander-Grietandeli of SPeCial dnfl Colin - non Jtirbli-ReVievta of Literature-the Turf- Epsem Spring Meeting-Grand Metropo Man Handicap -Croxton Park and other Races-Presentation of Plate to George Payne, Esq.-Chess Games and Problems-Inspiring Steeple Chases-Magnificent Hunting Runs--the Oxford and Cam bridge Boat Race-Piscatorial Sermon, No. VI., by Ephemera-Fly Fishing-Aquatic Sports and Doings of the Clubs - Pedestrian Matches-Fistic Battles at Home-- Wrestling and Pigeon Shooting. On Sur.day next, April 12 :-The Craven Meeting. by Pegasus-Ana lysis of Hunting, No. XIX.-Lord Evergreen and Tuft Hunting-Itn portant Aquatic Amusements-Salmon Fishing in Norway, &c. &c. rice of Bell's Life (40 lobo columns), 6d. On sale all this week.- Office, 170, Strand. . SOUTH Dzvorr RAILWAY.—On Monday night, at high tide, there being at the time a slight breeze, the sea broke down the wall near the western entrance of the Parson and Clerk Tunnel, and also displaced the lion rails and timbePs of the line;—much water was left in the tunnel. Just before the accident happened an engine was on that part of the line, and the dr iver was hem , i to express soin apprehtiloti 4.5 iC w,v; intend , e; hat; engine on to Teignmouth on TUe,day, but In consequence of this liiiiShap it WU proyeutcl 6oLulfiriVinifrVakr affffat• RAILWAY COMmarrEES. (THIS DAY .) GROUP XXI. LONDON AND OXFORD, AND V7'7001'43= A. - ND T.TXDRIDGM (BRANCHES) 01' THE GREAT WESTERN. The Committee re-assembled this morning at the usual hour. Present, Mr. Finch (Chairman), Capt. Layard, Mr. Lawson, Mr. Wodehonse. and Lord A. Hervey. NORTHERN & SOUL KERN CONNECTING. Mr. MILLEa, who has not been seen in the Committee room since the commencement of its sittings, said—Sir, I appear here for a com peting Rue (the Northern and Southern Connecting Railway), which has not been referred to, owing to the Committee of Classifica tion having omitted it from the Group which has been referred to you. This statement perfectly astounded the Committee, and Mr. LawsoN, one of its members, said, we cannot take into con sideration any railway which has not been sent to us by the House. Mr. AUSTIN—If it is a mistake it must be rectified by the House, not here; but I am glad to hear there is another competing line, because two or three lines are required to supply the wants of the important tract of country which lies between the Great Western and the Birmingham Railway. Mr. LAwsoN (to Mr. Miller)—There is no other competing line before us. Mr. MILLER—The mistake will be rectified in a few hours. You will find that all which you have done will have to be gone over again.—(Roars of laughter.) The CHAlRMAN—Whenever the House sends the line you appear for to us, we shall be bound to attend to it, but not before. The subject then dropped. The Committee then proceeded with the first-mentioned line. Mr. W. Cubitt, C.E., was then called and examined by Mr. AUSTIN. He believed the strata, up to the 10th mile, was London clay. Should set slopes in this clay at 3to 1. He had estimated the slopes at 3 to 1 in the London clay, through which the London and York was proposed to pass. Considered that slopes trom 1 to Iy g would not stand in this clay. Ile was well, acquainted with the cut , ing Ia London clay on the Croydon line, at New-cross, which was originally laid out in slopes of from 2 to 1, but it would i of stand, and had been benched, and was now very irregular, the average being 4to 1. Slopes of from 4to 1 would scarcely stand in ft ,, y clay. Knew clay in which slopes would stand from one to one and a half. Looking at the gradients on the Great West. rn and the London and Oxford, he considered the same load on the former could be carried with half the power requisite on the latter ; in short, it would require double the power to work it at the same speed where a single engine was required on the first, two engines would be necessary on the latter. By the CHAIRMAN The improvements in locomotives enabled them to overcome many bad grad.ents and difficulties with a single engine which formerly - required two engines. By Mr. AusTiN—On the proposed line lie found gradients of 1 in 100, and 1 in 136, meeting together, with half a mile in a level, inter vening. The momemtum obtained by a train in descend ing a steep incline v, ouid materially help it up another which immediately followed. But if there was a station at the bottom of the first. incline the momemtum would be destroyed and the train would have no assistance save its own inherent power in ascending it. Looking at the gradients on the Great Western and the London and Oxford, and taam,, into consideration their respective length, he was of opinion that a train on the former would reach London sooner than a similar train on the later, on account of its flatness. Considers that 17,0001. a mile would. be insufficient to construct suet a ; 20,000/. was nearer the mark. lie had made estimates for lines a ith better gradients, and had averaged their construction at 20,0001. tc 21,0 0/. a mile ; 17,000/. was a very low estimate. The Folkestone viaduct cost between 35, , 001 and 37,000/. The witness was cross-examined by Mr Hudnall% but the only thing elicited of any consequence was, that he estimated the whole cost of the London and York line at 6,300,00 n/., and that the go verning gradient was 1 in 200. The lane he aeopted was nine miles longer than the one recommended by the Board of Trade, but he considered that the line laid down was preferable, as it would accommodate a greater number of im portant towns than the other. iron had been reduced about 2/. per ton during the lag six weeks, thus 440/. per mile would be saved on the estimate of 12/. per ton made by Mr. Addison, supposing this reduction to continue. Mr. Gibbs, civil engineer, was called, and examined by Mr.WELas. —He said he had examined the whole of the line, but particularly between London and Wycombe, the soil of which was composed of London clay. Considered that the slopes in the yellow clay should nut be less than three to one, and two-and-a-half to one in blue, and one to one in chalk The first part of the sand or clay, about the Brent Va.ley, was of a very bad kind. Considers that the line could not be made, according to the returns, for 840,000/. By Mr. Hunuan—There are a number of " pot holes" or dislo cations in the earth. Some of these holes stand at one to one, but they was where chalk and loams were mixed with the clay. Many engineers considered Lila chalk cuttings were better perpendicular than in slope. For 17 miles on the London and York, from London, they had slopes of three and a halt. ' Mr. Miller, civil engineer to the Edinburgh and Glasgow, the Glasgow and Ayr, and the North British, and other railways, was next called and examined by Mr. VENABLES—Considered that slopes of 1% to 1 in the London clay would not stand. He corrobo rated the evidence of Mr. Cubitt with respect to the advantage which the Great Western line possessed over its opponent on account of its easy gradients. Mr. Hunt, a brickmaker, at Uxbridge—AA Horsenden the line, passed through a hill which was composed of London clay, and through a pit of the same clay fifty feet deep. Mr. I. K. Brunel, C.E., was then called, and examined by Mr. WELLS—He said, looking at the sections of the two lines there could be no comparison between them as to power and speed, and as to which would be quickest and eheapest. Though the Great Western was eight miles shorter titan the Lot-don and Oxford, it was the most preferable, both for the speedy transit of passengers and goods. He believed the proposed line, if made, would not be preferred to the Great Western. By Mr. HILDTARD—Was the engineer of the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway, which he estimated to cost 15,306/. per mile, and on the broad gauge. 2,717 yards of tunnelling were originally proposed, but they were reduced in Committee. He was also the engineer of the Rugby and Oxford, which he estimated at 11,880/. a mile, which was a very easy line. The width of the tun nels the broad gauge lines was 27 to N feet, and in the nar row 24. _ _ —. .... By the CHAIRMAN —These estimates were made when railways were constructed at a cheaper rate than now. When they were made the Oxford line had just been finished, at a cost of 1,2001 a mile. Since that period there had been a great increase in the cost of labour. Mr. HILDTARD—But you made these estimates last year. Mr. BRUNEL - We were then buying iron at 81., 91., and 101. a ton. I refer more particularly to the price of labour, and to the di culty of getting contractors. lam sure railways will not be constructed at less than 501. per cent. more than last year. IMPORTANT DECISION. The CHAIRMAN then intimated that the Committee wished to give their decision on the London and Oxford line. The Committee were unanimously of opinion that the preamble of the Bill had Nox been proved. Sub-Committee No. 1. The Committee met to-day at twelve o'clock in room No. 7. Pre sent, Mr. Strutt (chairman), Mr. Brotherton, and Mr. Yorke, and proceeded to the consideration of the FORTS AND CLYDE. To which there was no opposition, and the standing orders were complied with. Sub-Committee No. 2. The Committee met to-day at twelve o'clock in room No. 6. Pre sent, Sir J. "I arde huller, Mr. Kemble, Mr. liramston, and other lion. Members. They resumed the consideration of the STAIN S AND SEN.GEY. Further evidence was given in support of the allegations already ment.oned. Sub-committee No. 3. Tie Committee met - to-day at twelve o'clock in room No. 8. Present, Mr. E. Butter (chairman). Mr. Broaldley, and Dlr. Stuart, and proceeded with the consideration of the WORCESTER, = ERE 08 ,, , ROSS, AND GLOUCESTER, The object of the proposed Bill is to connect those towns with the branches of the Great Weston Rath , ay. 'the length of the whole line as originally contemplated would be a , out seventy miles, but we nderstand that it is intended to with trim part of the project. which N, ould greatly dimmish the length of the line, and ►educe the estimated cost lions 1,500,000/. to 1,000,000/. The engineer is Mr. Brunel, the agents are Messrs. Burke, Pritt, Venables and Co. The solicitors are Messrs. Howe and Hunt, White hall, Loudon; Mr. Elgie, of Worcester; Messrs. Bodeman and Evans, of Hereford ; and Messrs. Whitaker and Helps, of Gloucester. The usual torrual evidence was gone through. Sub-Committee No. 4. This Committee assembled at twelve precisely, Sir W. Heathcote In the chair, and proceeded with the adjourned case of the LAUNCESTON, AND SOUTH DEVO 6. (No. IX.) It will be remembered that the formal proofs in respect of this Bill were commenced, but not perfected, on Friday last No evidence we offered of the deposit of plans and sections at the offices of the clerks ofthe peace for the counties of Cornwall and Devon, through which the line passes; but it was explained by Mr. Burke that plans and sect.ons had been deposited, which, being found to be inaccurate and useless, were abandoned by the promoters of the Bill, and other plans, &c., deposited in lieu of them. These latter were, however, not deposited until the middle of December. It was the intention of the promoters to leave it to the Sub-Committee to report that no evidence had been given of the deposit of plans with the clerks of the peace, and then the promoters could put forward the fact of the deposit of plans in December, in their statement to the Standing Orders' Committee, who wou.d, they hoped, admit them as sufficient. The Committee now proceeded to hear the case in support of a petition against the line, bei ng th a t o f t wo owners an d occupiers of land. Mr. BLUME objected to the hearing of this case, as he said he was prepared to show that the petitioners, one Of . whom was the attorney to the promoters of a competing railway, were not " owners, lessees, and occupiers" of land upon the line; but as he admitted that he could not prove that the attorney to the other line was not a lessee of land, the Committee were of opinion that the petition must be entertaineo, but only as on the part of one petitioner. Mr. ELLICOMBE, who appeared in support of the petitioner, called the clerk of the peace for Devon to gire evidence in support of a number of all, gations, to the effect that the plans deposited with him were incorrect; that they contained no datum line, that there was no scale, Sec. The clerk produced the plans, and proved that they were deposited on the 29th November. Mr. BURKE said, that it was needless to enter into the allegations of this petition, as it was admitted that the plans Mere generally incorrect, and the promoters did not rely on them. '[he Committee were of the same opinion, but Mr. ELLICOXBE in sisted on giving evidence in support of all the allegations that were not admitted by Mr. Burke. Having gone through that part of the petition that referred to the plans, and giving several violent " kicks" to the " dead horse," proceeded to allegations re ferring to the books of reference, &c. Sub-Committee, No. 6. This Committee met in room 12, at the usual hour. Captain Jones in the chair. Present also Mr. Deedes, Mr. T. Egerton, and ➢lr. Phillips. NORTHAMPTON AND BANBURY. This Bill was originally placed on the list of Sub-Committee No. 5, but as that Committee did not meet this morning the Bill was re ferred to No. 6. Mr. COATES, on the part of the promoters of the Bill, said he was not prepared to meet the allegations of the petitions against the Bill, as, understanding that all the Bills in the list of Sub- CoMillittee No. 5 were adjourned until the Thursday after Easter, he had not considered it necessary to have his witnesses in attend. ance. Mr. T. EGERTON said that he was a member in Noe.rsEaatttthere, time,y arid that although the Committee adjourned till a aft said ati o n a t nothingthe time.a bout ladjourningndeed the any n y qu l e l . ll t l i o e hn x e e t is itnh h ge t beenout hnedrepr line o t t: o s w i d 3e e ir r re - . Frere, the clerk to tke Committee, w other adjourned, lt,lines with ; but replied that twhaetrethcaellCeodnourtee had nothing to do with the h u a nt r il e adjo..rn the case. hoped the Lommittee would_ Mr. COATES said that he was totally unprepared to go on, and caseconsent t ot musthe adjournment, our proceeded ent, The CHAIRMAN Bald discussion, the petitioner consented to the adjournment, As the petitioner retused after much that tu the on condition d that the promoters of the Bill should pay the costs in c ii rre d by the attendance of the witnesses to-day. The case was ac cordingly a Journed. THE NEW PEERAGES.— u have rood reason tai bc— lieve that Sir Henry liardinge will be created a viscount and Sir Hugh Gough a baron; the titles, however, are nut yet determin d. We need scarcely point out the gross improbability in the story circu lated in many of the newspapers that the Govenior-General of India was to be made " Lord Penshurst, of Penshurst, in the county of Kent," as that is the British title Viscount Strangiord and the ad ditional designation of Lord de L'lsle It is true that the Whigs created an Lad of . Leicester and a Lord Monteagle, when both were already in existence, and a Lord Vaux whi e the title was under claim ; but there is no reason for supposing that such flagrant piracy will be drawn into a precedent.—Post. The ashop or Durham, at a recent meeting of the committee of the Hospital for Consumption, at Brompton, offered to ''ite tfll., providing other subscriptions of a similar sum His Lordship's benevolent example has been tel could be of that amount, which is to be Sir appro ati lthigid by six subsea., ^g e of furnishing o , s n hin , , , f n that the new Captain e l'ospittau priated RA' the Opeclal It is isow pretty generaliy - -mmand that beaati- Baldwin Walker; K.C.13.;*111 he appointed to MI frigate the Constance.— Dulled ‘sereiet Gazette. THE ROYAL SOCIETY.-- IHE MARQUIS OF '.r.r.— TIIAMPTON'S CONVZMAZIONE.—The Marquis of Northampton, as President of the Royal society, gave the fourth and last of his Lord ship's conversaziones this season, on Saturday, at the family residence on the Terrace, Piccadilly. At nine o'clock the saloons of the noble President were resorted to by a very namerous assemblage of the more distinguished literary and scientific members of the various in stitutions in the metropolis, and by half-past ten the several rooms were crowded to excess. All the apartments were admirably illu minated, and, as usual in the lower dining-room, refreshments were provided in abundance. In the course of the evening much atten tion was excited by the introduction of Posaara, the New Zealand Chief, who accompa,pied Mr. G. F. Angas to the soiree. The chief tain was attired in the full costume of his native country, and what was more singular to the intellectual company around him, brought a spear but a trifle less formidable than the halberts of our royal wardens. Mohun Lal was also present in the characteristic habili ments peculiar to his country. ther • ve3c 1 7 :03rA of cattle f , ".n . veyed from this city and Yarmouth by tltss trains for the London Mnutv, ~ . ., t ,r~.,. .. .. Ref.: del Monte, Unregistered MINES .. . '' • • 3/4 .... to North American R o y a l M ail DEPARTURE OF THE C ALEDON IA.—The British and st eam - s hip Caledonia, Captain Scott, sailed from Liv erpool on Saturday last, carrying out the mails, and a vary large numb er o f passengers to Halifax and Boston. ECLIPSE. —There w i ll b e an annu l ar ec lipse of the tit. , 25th sun on Saturday, instant, partially visible at Greenw!ei. It will commence at oh. 32m. alter/won; middle, 611. 1441. aftell/0011; aucl tad 611, 4m, ifttraoon. CRIMINAL COURT.-(THIS DAY). NEW COURT. (Before the RECORDER.) Anne Sykes and Mary Turner were placed at the bar, charged with committing a robbery on the persons of Mrs. Wilberry, Mrs. Williams, and a servant, on the night of the 31st ult. It appeared from the evidence, that upon the night in question the three prosecutrixes were returning from the Pavilion Theatre, when the two prisoners came up to them, and feigning to fight with each other, jostled - ale prosecu trixes and separated them, and with the assistance of two men, who came up at the time, robbed them of a. ereil, a purse, and some other articles. The Coital told the jury that the question they had to dis pose of was this, whether they had premeditated this robbery and had adopted this plan for carrying it into execution; or whether they had really quarrelled, and had accidentally come in contact with the three prosecutrixes, Enid that they in consequence had lost those articles. If the jury believed the latter to be the fact they should acquit the prisoners. The jury found a verdict of Guilty. The COURT, in passing sentence upon the prssoners, said that the statute under which they stood indicted gave the Court no discretion as to the period of time for which they should be transported, if they were to be sent, out of the country, and he should say he did not think it would be safe to pass a less severe sentence. The statute in question provided that if the sentence was to be imps.iisonment it should be for a period of time not longer than three years, but if the sentence were to be transportation, thit't it should be for a period not less than 15 years. He was, however, aware that there was now a Bill before Parliament for the purpose of limiting the duration of that period ; and in the mean time if a petition should be sent to the S ecretary of State praying for a mitigation of the sentence, the Court might be inclined to recommend the petition to a .fa vourablo consideration—but the sentence of the Court nowt was that the prisoners be severally transported for 15 years. The Learned RECORDER, when the prisoners wereixemoved, called upon the Clerk of the Arraigns to make a minute of the observations he had just made. He said, the reason he did so was. that be had often had occasion to observe. when peti tions were sent to the Secretary of State for mitigation of the period fir which parties were sentenced to transportation, that the observations set forth in those petitions ast having been made by the Court were extremely perverted, anti many expressions were put into his mouth that he had never used. lie, therefore, thought it right to say this publicly, and to call upon the officer of the Court to make a minute of what he really did say. Francis 11 7 .,11 stood indicted for an assault upon extlice constable Knight, of the R division of police, station d at Deptford, on the 15th February. It appeared from the evidence, that upon the day in ques tion, a mob had collected, and were assaulting another police man, who has sii ce died, when the prisoner struck him with a brown-stick over the eye, and exclaimed, "You --- knight, you are reckoned up; look out." The jury found the prisoner Guilty, and the Court .sen tenced him to three yezrs' imprisonment, with hard labour in the House of Correction. Ellen Marks, aged '2( l , an exceedingly smart, pretty looking young girl, was placed at the bar, charged with stealing a gold pin, a spoon, a work box, boots, &c., from Edward Elmes It appeared from the evidence of the prosecutor that he met the prisoner in the capacity of servant in a house where he winked as foreman, and induced her to go and live with him, which she did, as his wife, for about a fortnight, when he missed the articles in question; he had previously given her notice that she should leave him; he had discovered that she had become intimate with another man. When the prisoner was first placed at the bar she assumod an air of indifference ; but the moment the prosecutor entered the witcess-box she burst into tears, and continued fur some time to sob convulsively. Several witnesses were called, who gave the prisoner au excellent character, two of whom deposed that the prosecutor told them he intended to marry her. The jury acquitted the prisoner. There was a second in dictment, which was nut sustained. When the prosecutor was called to depose to the second indictment, he complained that attempts had been made by the witnesses to give him a bad character. The COURT said it would be difficult fsr the witnesses tO give him a worse character than he had given himself. THE RIVER PLATE. LIVERPOOL, APRIL 4.—Accounts from Monte Video to the. 31st of January, and from Buenos Ayres to the 28th, have been received by her Majesty's troop-ship Apollo, arrived at Portsmouth. The intelligence is of considerable interest. Oa the 16th of January the mercantile expedition up the Parana had ascended the river to within thirty miles of Santa Fe, under the convoy of five vessels of war, preceded in advance 14 her Majesty's steam. frigate Firebrand, and the French steamer Fulton. On the afternoon of that day, whilst pro' ceeding through a narrow pass, the ships .were tired upott for several hours from the heights, which had been taker' possession of by General Mantilla, with eight pieces of artil lery. The shells and heavy guns from the squadron could not reach them. It does not appear that any of the vessel 3 suffered from the cannonade. Some of Riverista's officers, with a small force, bad beer , completely annihilated, near Maldonado, by a very superior force, under General Barrios, and in consequence MaldonadS, had been abandoned, and upwards of 300 of its-families has taken refuge in Monte Video. Advices had been received in the River Plate to the 180 1 of December from Liverpool, by the Columbus, vicl Pern!urt, buco and Rio. Her Majesty's steamer Alecto had arrived from Portsmouth at Monte Video, and wais to proceed in mediately up the Parana. Conjecture was busy as to the object of the mission. From Buenos Ayres there are dates to the: 26th Janua'l' Ro,as was issuing 2,500,000 of paper dollars r aonthly, to rite" the demands upon his treasury. Their steeling value, holv ever, is very insignificant, exchange on England being as 10 ( as 2d. per dollar. EXTRACT PROM PRIVATE LETTER. "Per Apollo, Ilonte: Video, Jan. 28-_, "The House of Representatives at Buenos Ayres ho, v " passed unanimously a reply to Rosas, . amounting to an ernig: sion, monthly, of 2,300,000 dollars during the war, and t o t ' three months afterwards. We should be nearer the niar'' were we to calculate thls emission at 5,000,0',0 dollar i monthly. Who dares inquire into it? The re suit has bee' that exchange is down to less than 2d. "In piece goods, nothing doing. Exchant 44id. "In political or military movements, nc.thing has tra p spired worthy of comment. " The exportation of hides from Rio Grande will not be' e heavy. "JAN. 81.—We have this moment received the following important advices from Buenos Ayres, by the Sardinian brig; of-war Colombo, which vessel sailed froth daft ice on the 2 1 % inst. :—That the whole of the troops which had hitherto be e ee encamped at Santa Hugares, distant from the capital Oro leagues, have moved, and proceeded to the G.uairdia de Hilia , 4 distance 3u leagues. All the artillery and I nu nitions of o'ca have, likewise, been removed from the cap ita 1 to the 53 1 1 place. The native force of militia, coinpo:A id of men in ° I ., ranks of life, is under orders to proceed to th e same quartl A law has been pissed for the purpose ►if bleeding foreigners, in the form of a contribution to si 'upon the l e , The result Of such arbitrary measures all must ,know ; the 1 „, sign is, doubtless, to intimidate the Governm lilts of Fra il ' and England." ATLANTIC STI;IA MING. (From Willnter andSmith'sEuropean 2 'imes.) According to present appearances, it would si em that et treme competition is to be the order of L i m day the a of intercourse, by steam vI ssels, between Am erit .a and E land ; that the mighty ocean, dividing the to h emispne it i e s is to be navigated as a mere river, and that ri val Comps 0 I are to enter the lists, each under the belief of a shi eying 5 s e( unheard of muscles, and, at , he same time, to ero - ve mine wealth to their se;reral projectors. We have all along been most earnest in prom. It; Ong the 6111 ,0 development of steam, az the great agent f or ae l v a nciog "" 0 , welfare, happineas, and commercial prosperity of both collo, tries. We have urged the necessity of as *eye '.ent CO munication by steam as can be h a d cons i stent .. with P$ feet safety, and we shall be th e fi rst t o re j o i ct 5 ttie additions to the service as will, in themselves, hav e et" necessary power of efficiency and probability 01 cool' cial success. In embarking in a scheme of sum ` 1 re rei titude, and involvin g a constant and enormous exf 'e n dit t o o% we feel it a duty to warn the ptojectors again et , anY t t like precipitancy : great caution and judgment rau s exercised in every movement, or lamentable fail lure t o inevitably attend the enterprise. Much will dep en' 1 0 4;4 parties proje c ti ng a li ne o f s t ea mers ; a n d, before et ob a t 'o o capital in such a business, one vital point is to ::ecru most closely the motives of the projectors, and .sretetei nothing having any affinity to scheming can ,t amongst the originators. With regard to publis bet' A , fci ments of revenue and expenditure put forth as tl vet3irel establishing new companies, we value them corr taco' declaring them to be entirely the reverse of trut, per, ever additions are to be made to the number of : tea' . ter sels navigating the Atlantic, must be made on a riE and by responsible parties ; men whose comm, tr-go d i perience and ability enable them to judge co e c o f t A ll g the nature of the difficulties of the service, as well s . o ar, opposition to be encountered, and the fallacy of , 1 0 1 Ord founded on things as at present existing. It is cert a „ 0 , with every new steamer entering the lists, a new n 'soor, support has to be created. Let the various projectors; OOP, der well the changes such auditions to the already elf jail force must bring about, and so embark in the business V * ' full knowledge of the difficelties before them, as, wittlO they Will be doing a public injury by making a bitch: in-stead of an onward movement in ocean steaming. V: A Any new company entering the field ought to be in • p .ition to contend with an extension of existing inter, tstet' Om be prepared for such changes as the altered nature of cite t. stances must inevitably pr o d uce . I t i s qu i te certa i in, , the parties at present engaged in the service have th a Pfos. and means of increasing the number of their vessels Lu c e extent the service can emp l oy; the vigour acid dfic atr, their doings serve as ample warranties of their mo l / 4 zog wards, and that they will be fully prepared for enco' at' t o i any competition. W e o b serve that our Frenc h ne 5 0 0 1 1,, are again stirring the question of steam between that co gel and America, so that appearances are in favour of n aut ti l o parties entering on this service. Our desire is t ;bat A l f matter may be wall weighed by all, and that 'wt fat s ar ed , done, may be done as i t s h ou ld b e , so as t o secure tAist r and full efficiency whi c h th e p u bli c o f th e grea t m 0 41 t o terested have a right to demand. It is no new feature in these and all such concei I.: is 9' whenever they are not remunerative, the se r vice det f tr ' O O t , and our only fear is, that if any headlong haste is sl pit t ~ the matter a serious mischief instead of good wil I iit ivj Instead of the present powerful and vigorous establ; t sl being carried to the full extent of their capabilit I co, 0 made equal to any necessity, we m a y hav e s evi panics, none of which will be in a position to do /vet needed We say, then, let the commercial commt Loth countries look to this matter. • The Observer of yesteiday, April 5, contai 0 ° 710; fullest official official particulars of the glorious and decisive vi e t Dor India, with an engraved plan of the scene of action at A po i sr (taken expressly for the Ob s er ver b y a m ilit ary engineer)- .46 liamentary speeches at len g th on votes o f t h an k s t o the br • . fr riors (the whole comprising 14 folio columns)—the Official (1 l: Revenue Tables—and u p war d s of 2 0 fo li o co l umns o f DOlne. !Ir idr reign, and Miscell aneous Intelligence, i nclu di ng many ar i l 1. 0. 1::( tides. Price of the Observer (40 folio columns), 6d. The ,J, cl• of April 5 will be kept on sale all this week at the Office, . .',0 4 0 , Strand. A Monday afternoon edition is regularly publishes L. . i f o'clock, which s best adapted for the country and readers c a , ct 1 ; 1 1 - ^ engraved plan published in yesterday's :00or Ap ;t il le s s. , of ff, - ‘, - order ,, o es f si t y he fo G r ra f n h d e Boat.;_t.,tertle,eorf),Saisbranaon,exbeYei ioted engineer (taken exp. • , e official dispjtches from India . tx t it ip. rential key when reading'-- . -, to & .cketell of the _ o f TRE Styri.E.J.---Aceorumb_ _ ail t0..,..:11, the breads •!s_ 40, Sabraon, published by 011ivier, 431- I - . 0 , - er it near V A te' 0 N b y r a e s ad t t h h ro o N; t n he ihs vi , e s at 1 II its bridge. it t oo mum 3 0 erly Lord Mayor of Li- ail Mr. Johnson, form bi r s i r v id erg,e.about where i, 2o the feet,br bridge e a b o o f u b t o t a h ts e Sir George Murrill' f, fr We regret to learn that in _ sp ...ed. . os General of the Ordnance, still continues much al . . f . : o i n ted Joe been admitted the Queen. a pensioner of the Charter-house, on the % so 0 0 4 1: , 1 ,-. .•,, i,,,i , ,ricrs have - 4"',, to " Th o P o o,..„;;. ~..•;:.!,1, -,• , Tc . o ,-..eo i in he place of gr . _ _ G wo rav o e o r ii , u E sa, si., Awstant Poor-saw Collll.llifiatoller, I;na,r •