The Sun. — London, England, 1846-06-03 00:00:00

MAGAZINE*.Lt-(CON TIN UED.) BEN! LEY. The present numb: r o Bentley .peris with a continue ti•n of Brian O'Lutte" to ee ic, xit., welch is some wt at heavy ; but, " Aliquando bonus dot male, Iloneru-," and w hen a tier. e- votuiue d b.t by bit :n a naiseelian), it is inipoL-siede alit .11 the fragments should be equally amusing. This is followed by an ex cellent magazine tale, entitled "Jeff Linton's Oak. or May Day," being a May-day legend of 1738, and then the arcane of " the Corner" are opened to us in a paper en titled " Tattersall and Tattersall's, with a glance at the Lions and Legs of the Betting Ring." Albert Smith follows with his glorious " Popular Z iology," the subject of the present month's demonstration being " The Boys in the Street," and admirably does he dissect those said boys, and most learnedly and scientifically does he demonstrate their peculiar idiosyncracies, training them up from the tad pole state—" which reptile, " as he sagely observes, "they somewhat resemble in their active wriggling and love of water"—to their final destination, when "they become grave and dull, and you would not " recogni-e in the porter, the journeyman, or the carman any of the eccentricities that marked their earlier career." Miss Costello continue s her series of "Legendary Cities and Towns," the subject of her present illustration being the interesting old town of Lewes. A. Fibb gives us a most amusing paper on social Romancing, and Dr. W. C. Taylor contributes a learned article on the Albigenses avid Troubadours. Then we have a quaint treatise on the " Pump," from the practised pen of Peter Prendergast; and then follows a paper of a higher order than those we are accustomed to meet with in Bentley ; it is from the pen of his Grace the Archbishop of Dublin, and is entitled " The Danger of Debating Societies to Young M.n." It appears there exists among the students of Trinity College, Dublin, a debating society entitled " The Hi s t orical Society, and the Archbishop thus describes the occasion which led him to devote his attention to this subject. "The occasion of my offering these remarks was a letter addressed to the Provost by a member of the Colleges (of which the writer sent me a copy, as one of the Visitors), in reference to one of the que"tions proposed fir debate, and announced as such in the newspapers— . Whether a blembt r of Parliament should vote in accordance with the expressed opinions of a majority of his constituents when they differ from his own?' And the writer deprecates the discussion of such deep political questions by persons who cannot be ex pected to possess the requisite knowiedge. This he con- iders as likely to generate a habit of talking without thinking, and to weaken the action of the mind while improviug the volubility of the tongue.' " The Archbishop enters freely into the subject, and al lows that thepractice of debating may confer upon those engaged in it a readiness and a fluency which they could not otherwise acquire. He thus meets that portion of the argument : "But a premature readiness is more likely than the oppo site extreme to lead to incurable faults. And all the dangers that attend this kind of exercise, the learner who is engaged in it should frequently recall to his mind and reflect on, that he may the better guard against them ; never allowing himself, in one of these mock debates, to maintain anything which he himself believes to be untrue, or to use an argu ment which he perceives to be fallacious. " The temptation to tran , gress this rule will often be very strong; because, to such persons as usually form the majority in one of those societies (youths of immature judgment, superficial, and half- educated), specious falsehood and sophistry will often appear Superior to truth and sound reasoning, and will call forth louder plaudits ; and the wrong side of a question will often afford room for such a capti vating show of ingenuity as to be, to them, more easily maintained than the right; and scruples of conscience, re lative to veracity and fairness, are not unlikely to be silenced by the consideration that, after all, it is no real battle but a tournament; there being no real and important measure to be actually decided on, but only a debate carried on for practice-sake. " But, unreal as is the occasion, and insignificant as may be the particular point, a habit may be formed which will not easily be unlearnt aftermath, of disregarding right reason, and truth, and fair argument. And such a habit is not merely debasing to the moral character, but also in a rhetorical point of view, if I may so speak, often proves hurt ful. It has often weakened the effect, to a far greater degree than most persons suppose, of what has been written and said by men of great ability; by depriving it of that air of simple truthfulness which has so winning a force, and which it is so impossible completely to feign." The views of the Archbishop are in every respect new, but they seem founded in truth, and at all events his letter (which is addressed to Dr. Cooke Taylor) is well worthy the attentive consideration of all heads of colleges and other academical institutions. "Tipperary Hall" is continued with as much fun and fancy as ever. Verily, the mantle of Maginn has fallen upon the shoulders of him of Tipperary Hall, and long may this " broth of a boy," be he who he may, live to wear it, for we are sure he will wear it worthily. The pictorial illustrations of this number are, a scene from "Brian O'Linn," by John Leech, and an admi rably engraved and life-like portrait of Washington Irving, accompanied by a short biographical memoir. DOUGLAS JERROL IN D'S SHILLING MAGAZ E. We have two additional chapters of " St. Giles and St. James" in the present number, in which the plot thickens. Snipeton, has removed Clarissa from Dovesnest, and has taken a cottage for her at Hampstead. Old Crossbone visits them there, and in pursuance of his plan to raise himself in the world by aiding in the &- signs of St. James or Clarissa, he persua.'ss cld Snipeton that it is absolutely necessary for her health that she should take horse exercise, and induces him to take St. Giles into his service as groom . Crossbone takes St. Giles with him to the inn, at Hemp stead, to give him instructions, and while there a m an, " who has fallen from his horse, is brought in sen s eless . Among the crowd assembled is Tom Bla , t, who under pr e tence of assisting the wounded m an p i c ks his pocket, an d a portion of the plunder to St. Giles, who indig nantly rejects the offer. Just at that moment they learn that the man has recovered and Must goes off, not however without w remi where nding p to oor c S9met. Gil upones that him," " he s hall always and poor St. Giles feels that he is in the vil lain's power, and seems to exist only by suffer ance. Juniper Hedgehog this month addresses his epistle to Lord Nugent. The eccentric cabman is eloquent in his denunciations of death punishment. Nothing will satisfy him but the total and immediate abolition of the gallows. " Benjamin's Mess," by mocPauk l Bell, is a withering piece of sarcasm on the philanthropists —the quack humanitarians, who make a trade of their pretended love for the poor, by selling it, diluted into a throe-volume mawkish novel, at the rate of 1/. 1 ls. 6d. a lot. The "Researches in Belgravia" are amusing; while the paper, entitled " The Present and the Future," furnishes matter for deep thought. As a sample of the poetry, we quote the following sonnet by E. M. Collins : JUNE. Summer, and stillness; ev'r3 joyous bird Pours a half-wearied song; the leafy glade, Panting with flowery fragrance, to its shade, Invites the wayside wanderer : there is heard No sound amid the forest depths, save when The rushing streamlet by the breeze is stirred; Or the bee murmurs in the meadows, furred With mess and starry flowers; or, from some glen The tired cuckoo lifts a pleasant voice; Or the lone woodlark sings his hidden strain. Oh! bid the poor, the lowly one rejoice,— Upraise him from his penury and pain ; That from the choking courts and alleys dim He may come fort h, and join the universal hymn In addition we have two very interesting tales, " Mrs. Edens's Sixpence," and the " Star in the Dark,' besides a goodly , , ri• - e'smi on new books THE DUBLIN k...:v.. VPL..3AI Y MAGAZINE. We are surprised that just such another article as the one entitled "Forest Dreams," the first contribution in this number of the D n üblin Uiversity, ha not ben wr itten long sinc e ; possibly it has, though, s suppos ing that to be the case, we have never previously encountered so much of amuFing tittle-tattle anent forest scenery and its associations grouped together in a e singj __ paper. The writer has evidently entered into thebehol subje d ct with genuine gusto , and assuredly would never one of Gasper Pa mot sylvan landscapes unmoved. There is sotto us a more glorious spectacle in inanimate nature than that of a woodland : whether it be in undulation with all its " storm of boughs" in a hurricane, or glow ing with a lustrous perple-green in the sunset, or when " --- the tinkling s how'rs of autumn l ntereaves," give pro mise of its nakedness in wi. The r o f the "For est Dreams" hdas hi enstirelyhol entered dreame into these sentiments , and poure w e soul out in a panegyric on the world of boughs. Cousin out to hini in feeling is the contributor of " A Day's Deer -stalking with the Ilarkgraf of Baden ;" a smart, rattling, cheerful scribe is he ; and as good a trencherman as a rifleman we would wager. He has a faculty for seeing everything through a bright medium. and gladly would we e nlist him as a companion on one 43f those husky, yellow, fl,nnelly night , . in November, wh en Englishmen , and especially dwellers in Cockaigne, are presumed to avo a predisposition to the c,.mmission of f d o ., superfruo-se. But that we cordially believe such to be as au we would recommend to his consideration to put th s incentive to good humour, and as a volume likely surliest amongst us on each othe r better terms with of all comical co nceits with existence, that most comical Life." 13oz te rneeits, the " Miseries of Human ItAz. of his works !—that Scrooge's —that most exqu isi te as, in his " Christmas Carol," neice's husband such an extent " that be was oeinrything times indulged i n it laugh, he had 1 and that he some to get up OW the another votary of jocose and stamp 1" Just such wersity Sportsman to b e . e s , we take our Dublin now, - now and th e e r n m t 4 o ' ,appears to him to be suggestive of ' 5 for the purpose ludicrous insomuch that he is compelled yet m ez o c rll s : di n t forsake the regular drift of his narrativ e this very r u it; but, seeing of obliging us with adventitious jokes at a i n v c e i pleasant face tiousness. We are puzzled whether to peculiarity as a blemish or an embellishment; that the article has altogether afforded glimpse of Continental sport, we can readily pleas make allowances for over-discursiveness, 0 Y afford un to t pf the actual discursiveness of the eirc n ir )to n o a si t i cc a LS deeribed. William Carleton, some of whose accomnany those of Banim and Gerald Griffin in thsewlll yeh pt brary Of Irish fiction, pursues the " uneven tenour of his Ba y as the teller of a tale of Irish famine, Black Prophet. It promises to thrill with interest and to freeze with horror, and altogether is destined to find a numerous party of admirers among those who revel M. G. Lewis Harrison in the perusa l of sirs. Radcliffe, Mrs. Shelly. Towards , A i nswo rth, Eugene Sue, and the conclusion of a rather invidious criticism of " Russia under the Antoeat." a remsrkAle brave of volutnei , , penned by a noble Russian, named Ivan Golovine, the reviewer avails bimselt of the opportunoy for paitege using that most questionable of Autocrats, the Etn. peror Nicholas. As we.. might an innovator in natural history attempt to convince us that the hungry wolf is compassio:-:zte? Abe ser pent guileless, or the carrion crow of the i:=l2...i2i* verous tribe. When the writer has proved, mathema tic.dly, that the circle can be :guar. d. and , ietinlismted in what manner, he may tagin to eulogize the ret, : ting Cry, and hi in a likely way to a nee ot (c,ve!ts to hts ortit-n—not before! " tt's GaLer) of Lit, rry P,.riraits " and Pen and Ink eties," afford s li j. et, for two other criticA which cannon fail to be perused with intert st chit fly from their quotations. " Alithoi , gia Germanica" ex hibits a falling off in those translated lyrics which usually decorate the pages of this able magazine ; and the " Miscellanea Mystica," is more than ever a mere botching of very indifferent book-lore ; it is a feeble echo from the superstition of a past generation, and the particularization of which superstition appears to us somewhat anomalous amidst the sensible spirit which usually characterises the Dublin University. DOLMAYS MAGAZINE. Sterling as hash been the ring of the literary metal in former numbers of this periodical, the one for the present month, the sixteenth of its publication, is, with• out any shadow of a question, the ablest that has hi therto appeared. Some amongst the contributions would have adorned the pages of our oldest magazines ; arid the remainder do not dwindle into insignificance by the juxta-position. What we may mention as the peculiar feature of Dolman is, its combination of brilliancy and sparkle with solidity and research ; besides which it has acquired the least attainable or all polemical celebrities, that of being an enthusiastic exponent of the religion which it undertakes to advocate ( the R .man Cat holic),with out in any degree insulting those of a different creed. L would, however, be most erroneous to imagine that the magaziee under notice is of an exclusively clerical character ; it is more strictly speaking of an essentially literary character, the literature being in its instance coloured with the sentiment of the lt , iman Catholic Church, imbued with the notions peculiar to that extraordinary Church, even in its ejaculations breathing the spirit which appertains alone to those religionists. If merely for these reasons, Dolman's Magazine must undoubtedly attract the curious perusal of ail who are interested in the variety of phases as sumed under the generic title of Christianity—and surely there is no rational man but will class himself in the number! The recent movement of the Tractarians, and the frequent recurrence of secessions from the Established Church, will undoubtedly impart an addi tional attraction to the only monthly organ of that reli gion towards which all this ecclesiastical agitation has been tending. In the editor of Dolman, Mr. Miles Gerald Keen, we recognise a mind peculiarly fitted for the conduct of such a publication : and, in saying so, we are arguing merely from what he has already accomplished in its regard. He has, for example. grouped together its constituent parts so as to impart to the entire number one appropriate and pervading tone ; and this quality is, moreover, accompanied by a most agreeable variety both in theme and composition. " The Drunkard's Ei-ath," with which Dolman commences, is a stern but moving picture of the woes that supervene upon that sin, of the moral bitting with which it infects its victim, and of the villain- ns degradation of those who habituate themselves to its commission, more likely to render sobriety popular with the lovers of the wine cup than a dozen sermons from the pulpit—saving only when those sermons are nerved with eloquence as homely, as earnest, and as poetical as that of Dr. Ulla thorne, from which the superscription to Mr. Price's story is transcribed. " Facetim of the Bench and Bar" is a lively packet of bon-mots, unlike many similar efforts at drollery, which are formed of vapid quibbles and abortive puns. The essay upon the " Dramatic Genius of Sergeant Talfourd" is forcibly conceived, and though we do not precisely look, with its writer, for Taliourd's bust "among those of Euripedes, of Sopliocles, and of Aschylus," we are such sincere and earnest lovers of his genius that we participate in the admiration ex pressed by Mr. Ivers. Another living bard is also the recipient of very marked applause in up atter portion of the magazine, in a paper temptingly headed " Who is the Author of the New Timon ?" We perceive that the writer of this article coincides with the opinion which we ourselves expressed irnme• lately upon the publication of that remarkable poem, namely, that it proceeded either from the pen of Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton, or from that of some most accomplished imitator. The character and the alternations of fortune peculiar to Sir Thomas More—the purest name in our English annals I—occupy the present part of the series upon " The Vicissitudes of Illustrious Men." We must accord the author of these papers every encouragement for the mass of authorities brought to bear upon the nar rative, as well as for the enthusiasm diaplayed towards the character of his hero and towards the Genius of Truth. The editor's contribution, quaintly headed " The Expediency of Transferring the Holy See to Leeds" is a masterpiece of argument ; it has a singular beauty from its logical simplicity, and a singular power in its accumulation of facts. We are not desirous of having our word taken for granted in speaking thus emphatically ; but entreat our readers to refer, themselves, to the original for the corro boration of our remarks. Whatever may be our diffe rences of opinion upon religious points it is impossible to deny Mr. Keen the possession of more than ordinary powers as a controversialist. Seeing the keenne.s of his retorts, and the lucid arrangement of his subject, an orthodox phrenologist would scarcely hesitate to pro nounce his " development" as equally remarkable with hat of Mr. Newman. If continued thus Dolman is cer tain to secure a wide circulation. SIMMOA 8 COLONIAL. But that the question is worn to the very destitution of opposition, we should undoubtedly have been drawn into the utterance of some few commentaries upon the opening paper in the Colonial, being that of "Syste matic Colonization—Corn-law Repeal." As it is, pro tection is not merely threadbare, it is a scarcecrow without scarcely a rag to cover the nakedness of its absurdity. As well might we review the authenticity of some antique chart of the earth in which the Medi terranean a'sumes the form of the letter S, with Ireland in the middle of it, England at Nova Zernbla, and Spain washed by the Adriatic, as attempt to demon strate as true a system whose falsity is felt by the populace, and proclaimed by the Parliament. " The Emigrant" is continued as usual, with marks of real merit, quite glorious to look upon, when good stories are so scarce and vie ones so plentiful. Char:es Hooton's " Rides. Rambles, and Sketches in Texas" are pursued with a liveliness that invests them with a charm even in their repetition. From the " New Zealand Outlines" we subjoin a brief extract, fraught with truthfulness. It is upon the appearance of a newly colonized country, and is picturesque because it is literal:— " The grand defect of the sylvan scenes of New Zealand, is in the deficiency of animal life. Excepting a tew birds, mostly of diminutive size, there are no tenants of these splendid woods. The character given to a landscape by deer starting from the coverts, or by a herd of kangaroos, is there entirely wanting. Perhaps this solitude of the forests serves to heighten the impression of sub:imity which, seldom excited by mere woodland scenery, is powerfully produced by that of New Zealand. After having been accustomed f.>r many months to wander amidst such scenes, I not unfre quently was struck with a thrilling admiration of their beauty, and with wonder- at their magnificence. " The first labours of man in a new country are ever to detract from its beauty : the unsightly stamps, the half cleared soi , , the uncouth timber-fences, the charred logs, the heaps of rubbish, the weather-boarded but ; utility here in chipping, burning , and paring; magnificence ano beauty there in the garden of Nature; here man, and there God. But it is not, therefore, unpleasing to see the lovely in m ture sacrificed to the excellent in use. There is a moral beauty in the reclaiming of the wilderness—the extension of the home of the civilised—the rooting cut the lair of the savage. Here it is that the dauntless he ar t an d a d ven t urou s spirit meet with their noblest antagonists—the untrodden wilderness, the giant forest. He who subdues them is mightier than mighty conquerors. The waving wood s , an d the rushing streams, and the ft rtile earth, are his for an in heritance, and all men are richer for his labours." As a whole the June number of the Colonial is read able and amusing. THE SPORTSMAN. As might reasonably have been ar*ticipated, Herring's animated picture of the " HigheMt t le r Racer" has en gaged the skilful instrument, of the engraver, and forms a spirited frontispiece to the Sportsntan. It scarcely, however, does the original painting ju,tice, though the "fling" of the limbs is admirably effected. Among the literary contributions of the magazine, the most con spicuous are "L. atherlungs, the Leg," a smart affair, thickly sprinkled with cant phrases and conventional terms ; " The Crack Sport of Ceylon," interesting to admirers of adventurous amusement ; "EngliA Sports," by Saron, a broad contrast to the preceding ; and " Wild Sports in the We.-,t," by the indefatigable and agreeable Percy B. St. John. " Flore , at Etona" must not, however, be overlooked, as a grotesque reminis cence of that scene of grammatic scholarship and ju venile ddinqucncy. Your rogues in boyhood are always appreciators of fun ; the rascsls throw such an absurdity about their peccadilloes that forgiseness is always a convquence of insubordination ; nor is it less nob,rions sc hoolboy recollections that the really studiouk ina ouregrenerally shunned b . ) their comrades as sombre abo minations. Is this a testimony ;hat there is something in our nature predominant over an affection for good ness? We will leave the pit ry unanswered for th. re flection of the meditative. Thus so far for the Sports man. THE STUDEAT. A very cheap . assortment of papers likay to instill excellent principles of sobriety and prudence into the minds of youth, to whom it is addressed ; while the in struction is generally insinuated under the seductive garb of amusement. Some amongnd creditably novel , the more serious li t tle essays are happily conceived a ex. gr., the one on " Intellectual Pride how ev" and er, the against Sympathisers." We must protest, such a flimsy mode of cr.,mming out a publication of this king with a silly anecdote called A Melting d Sto e ry," which we remember to have gone the roue of th ' provincial newspapers some three years since. Such a quotation as the one introluced from the speech de livered by Lord John Manners at the Athenie Institute is worthy of repetition again and again, but the resusci tation of a vul gar pi ece o f American burlesque is mo st detrimental to the character of a publication of this kind. The editor must borrow a few eyes from Argus. ------ - - THE Ed.R4llEli'S MAGAZINE. Quite a new feature is introduced into this number of the Farmer's Ma gaz i ne — wood cuts Must, ative of chemical experiments. It is a capital idea, one that will enable the curious but indolent tyro in science to attend a lecture without the exertion of movin g from his elbow chair. Some neat en g r av i ngs of cattle preface tle literature, which is of average ability, but generally of an utilitarian cast. The various agricultural meetings of any importance are reported with accuracy, a n , afford us a bird's-eye view of the movements of the saietice during the foregoing month. The only morsel of p thtical commentary which we have been able to detect in the irtges of the Farmer is adroitly slipp e d into the "Review of the Corn Trade" ' for May. Still, however, as we are the TiCtOrl 9llB we will l i kewi se be LpyppN, WEDNESDAY MORNIN I G, JUNE 3, 1846, the lenient. The cause of free trade has stability enough to stand a million blows of the sawe character tu,claken. THE PLOUGH. Se'dem do we encounter a periodical, devoted to the interests of a parzieuter class, addres , ing itself so im tnedia•ely to that class, argil so singularly to a general reader. "I he number of the agricultural journal b,- fore us is precisely of this character ; it is moreover replete with matters most important (we had slmost said ne ctesary) for the perusal of every tenant-farmer in the United Kingdom, who is at all ambitious of becoming an adept in his profession by keeping up with the rapid progress of scientific knowledge as applied to its mani pulation. Should there be any individuals amongst this class old fashioned and opaque enough to deny "The Importance of Science for Agriculture," sse refer him with confidence to the paper so en titled in this sixth part of the Plough. He will change his opinions on its perusal—or he is an incorrigible dul lard. Again we earnestly direct attention to the series of " Queries submitted to the consideration of the Prac tical Farmer," at p ,ge 597. It is art admirable notion t'..e accumulating agricultural statistics, and seems likely to overthrew those difficulties which have pre vented their official accumulation hitherto. We presume the d. bate the other evening in the House of Commons, where commercial and agricultural suggestione were re latively made by Lord George Bentinek and Mr. Bright, suggested the scheme to the compiler of these inquiries. If the tenant-farmers wish well to their country and to themselves, they will throw facilities somehow or other in the way of collecting the statistics. From a sen sible paper, headed " The Domestic Economist," we quote a few sentences in relation to home-made bread. "Having tried many adjuncts to flour, and found all, even potatoes, unnecessary. pure flour only has been preferred. The sort styled in some districts " farmers' flour," will be generally preferred, unless where whiteness is desired. This flour is sifted but once, so that all the nutrition of the grain is retained, and the coarse bran only rejected ; thus. if no animal , be kept on the premises requiring " pollard " food, this substance remains in the flour which is intended for baking—thus far ensuring economy. Our reason for object ing to the intioduction of potatoes—(an ingredient which enters always and largely into the manufacture of baker's bread)—is, that while they appear to increase the bulk of the material, they actually lessen it, by the large quantity of water they contain ; also that while they make bread lighter, they cause it to become harsh, and to dry very speedily; and just in proportion to the quantity of potatoes introduced do we find bread flavourless. " A batch of bread for the consumption of a small family fir a week, will probably consist of twenty-four pounds of "grist," or farmer's flour: this, when water, and yeast, and salt, be added, will weigh in the dough about thirty pounds. The best utensil for the purpose of kneading. is a large well glazed earthen pan, much wider at the top than the bottom ; the advantage which this possesses over a wooden tray or trough is, that the former is keep more sweet and clean than the latter. Yeast, either from a brewer or from beer brewed at home, can be used ; but we always prefer the last-men tioned, and have long since proved by the best test, that of experience, that the absurd prejudice against its use is to tally without foundation " " Winter and summer bakings require different treatment : the best temperature for thoroughly working bread is 50 or 61 degrees of heat; this, habit will determine to be an agree able warmth, not a hot state. In winter, therefore, the flour should be placed in the pan, and set sloping towards and in froi:t of the fire for an hour before the preparations for baking commence; in summer it will be put at a distance. It the process be conducted in too cool a state, the dough will not rise; if it be too het, the yeast will be scalded, and the fermentative principle destroyed." " The Agriculturist and the Patriot," is a ridiculous bit of antiquity. We beg to remind the writer that the protective system is already virtually abolished. "Anec dotes of Agriculture," make an excellent budget of memorabilia on the subject : we trust the notion will be resumed. With a mess of other miscellaneous articles, the Plough " comes off" this month creditably. SPEECHES OF 1113 CT Hi - ERS AND GUIZI IN TEI E CHAMBER A OF DEPUTIES, ON THE POLICY OF FRANCE. In the coune of wet; the stimates afforded M led . ' T ' h a i ) e ' rs l , a- n t :ht t ) h b e as d b is e c e n n ss o i t o ' n la o te f comparatively silent, an opportunity of arraigning the whole system of M Gulzet's policy. The following is his speech : M. THreats said that it was in order not to interrupt the discussion of the Chapters that he addressed the Chamber at that moment. He stood there to support by antici pation the amendment of M. 0. Barret. The Chamber would comprehend that it wis not a vote that he came forward to solicit, nor did he want, On the eve of an election, to excite men's minds by a highly coloured picture of grievances. His only d es i g n was to ex pose to all impartial and enlightened men the motives of his opposition. In his opini on, a reaction had been for some years going on . not of a vio lent character, for such could not take place in the present times, but a moderate reaction, such as had been manifested at the revolution of 1830. He had contri buted to found and consolidate the present Government, and he now attackeh it, not in its essence— God forbid. but :n some of its acts—in the acts of its servants, the p rese nt Ministers, who, in following their own i mag i ne d they were servine its interest s . Some monthss, back he said that all governm ents commenced by being tastes, r r e i e v il ° t a i % i d finishedth the empire,h y being and .the nh h r e e s wrong. toratio n e F e le i r t e e v d o r n e . tion. humane at first, and creel afterwards ; the empire a a f t te fi r rs a t e n sa s g e l e e s a a n d e o w n e q l e o s r t do s red a ; an , d, n and a t s h t en l y, d e the s p o r t i e c s t a o n r d a t t i n o a r d , r w i h g i h c t h s, c a a n m d y ei entlBls, violated as it in declared,tthoe rights preserve o a f l 1 111 1 lawful rights, na tion. Was the present Government following the example of the three preceding ones ? He should say what it ought to have been, what it had been, and what it now was, and then a judgment could be formed on the subject. He should first examine what its conduct ought to have been at its birth. There were two courses open to it a warlike or a pacific one. A government, young and ardent, taking advantage of the enthusiasm which pie y tiled in France. and the agitation which pervaded Europe, might endeavour to take a glorious vengeance for the events of 1815, but ti • result of such a curse was doubtful, and that was sufficient to condemn it. The new Government beheld Europe, the higher classes of society, end the Church, withdrawing from it. In such a position, the policy of the Government should have been pacific and moderate, but firm. Europe should have been made to feel that France wished for pate, not from fear bet from calculation; the upper classes of society should comprehend that in respecting their position, the Go vernment of the country eas not to be rendered subject to them, and tht, if they were hostile, it would he maintained with a firm hand; the church should be made to see that in preserving to its dotation and ho nours, no principle was to he sacrificed. In fine, an able and prudent Administration was required—an Adminis tration, placing on a strong basis the navy, army. and finances. On these two conditions, of a peaceful and firm policy, and of a prudent Administration, the new Government could have arrived at the destiny of those officers of fortune who, having become Catinats and Vaubans, marched on an equality with the Condes and Mentmoreucis.--. (Applause.) He might be told that this was what it had been and what it now was; he would reply, " No, it is what it commenced by being, but what it is no longer." What was seen at the oriein of the . Government? A liberal alliance with Eng land, which upheld the influence of France in Eurepe. All the statesmen of the day were in accord in endea vouring to put down disorders without effusion of blood; and when the Government demanded 100,000 000 to complete the public monuments and public works, the Chamber gave it them, great as the sum was, with con fidence. The conduct of the Government was then proper and prudent—such, in fact, as suited their situa den. But afterwards that prudence was changed into a .desire to preserve their positions ; it became mere inert ness; and complete immovability appeared to govern all their acts. The Hon. Deputy then proceeded to sketch the various circumstances in which this unwillingness to move was manifested. He instnneed Spain, where France refused to interfere ; he referred to Belgium, which, from the refusal of France to act, had lost Luxembourg, and the French troops were obliged to evacute Ancona. This last circumstance appeared so heinous that then was formd the coalition, in which M. Gamut, M. Duchatel. and the Duke de Broglie had united to overthrow the Mole ministry. Afterwards came the coolness between France and England. In consequence of the checks which arose from it, France desired to take her revenge, awl went to seek it. in the east. He had not placed credit in the i:lusiens which were entertained on this point, and, in fine, it came to pass that the Eastern question was lest like the others. What was the proper course to be pursued at the period just alluded tu? Evidently to keep apart — in a state of isolation, completely removed from hostility; but it was desired to renew the allegiance, and for that purpose an extension of the right of search was con ceded. The country became greatly agitated in conse quence, and the Government was obliged to demand back the concessions that were made. Then, to turn the at tention of the public mind in another direction, a lure was thrown out, and the expedition to the Marquesas was devised. Here, again, it was found necessary to re coil. but this time it was not before the country, but be fore England that the withdrawal took place.—(Hear, hear.) Admiral Dupetit-Thouars was disavowed, and an indemnity was granted to the arregint missionary who had caused the blood of their soldiers to be shed. — ( Murmurs.) But this was not all. Worse than this was done. A difference arose between England (the -hence ally of Franco) and the United States, her fun damental ally, and France took the part of England. The very utmost that the Government ought to have done, was to have observed a kindly neutrality.— (Hear, hear.) But from all these concessions, had France, at least, reaped any advantage ? No. In Syria, where she asked for a little humanity to the Christian populations, her voice was unheard ; and in Greece, where she only desired to see sound policy established, her wishes were thwarted. It was said that pease had been observed. He allowed that peace was a great blessing ; but let the Chamber no t target that on the o ccas i o n of the miserable affair of the Marquesas, and at the moment of the Pritchard amend ment, France was nearer war than she had been fur 15 years before.—(Merks of denial from the Centres.) The lion. Deputy here again referred to the state of Spain, and accused the Government of wishing to appear to exercise an influence there, which in reality it did not possess. He referred to cases of Espartero and Narvaez. S ie paitl both of whom w ere at fi rs t supported by the French Iw3toond ask, wasylernment,rtnd then utterly neglected. Ho w, he had situated n ai anxious present tosuccour inhe Queen Christina, whom he distress, and whom he had not flattered in her prosperity. had admitted into her heart a most unjustifiable hatred for the sons of her sister—(Murmurs) —and under the influence of that most lamentable sentiment—(oh, oh,) t—hehaCdosuonutghdte Trapani.—m es i a ( h7 v en b e a m ndf t t . ); her daughter in He had no in tention to give any opinion relative to that candidate. but every one well knew that the choice was impossible; he was opposed by all parties in Spain, and was par ticularly odious to the Moldered° party. By that un happy selection, that Queen. whom France could not devise the means of effectually succouring, and whom she had flattered beyond measure, had divided that party, and at present that wis the greatest difficulty in Spain. But to return to the policy pursued in France. For some years a change had been gradually going on in the majority. amongst others, Whilsthadjoined pr t y o h w ad n it. He was convinced that the greater number had been so separatedme men, from andit, othershis influenced by honourable motives.—(Murmurs.) But he must be permitted to say that to many the attraction of power had been a predominant reason.—(Renewed murmurs. What was the consequence of this change? Formerly the Government confined itself to defend ine itself against parties ; it was, in fact, with hesi tation that it ventured to avow a candidate at the elections. At present the Government, far from limiting its action to self-defence, assumed the offensive, and the result of this conduct would be that in a short time the administration would be nothing else than a political in strument. He admitted, however, the right of the Go vernment to defend itself, but it ought to do so with some reserve—it ought to impose some reserve on its defenders. The MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS.—The Govern ment could not answer for newspaper articles. M. TRIERS was glad to find that the Hon. Minister understood his allusion. But though the Government could not answer in all things for its defenders, yet there was between a Ministry and the journals which defended it, a certain common bond. Whilst of late the opposition press became more moderate, that of the Go vernment became more violent. But that only proved that the opposition press was in the right. In 1830 the moderate press belonged to the opposition, the violent one to the Government, and every one knew what had taken place. The Hen. Deputy then reproached the Cabinet with departing from the national party to draw closer to the 1. giiirnist and religious one. He said that, great The ion. question t h oug h the journey to London to see the Duke of Bordeaux wa s attacked so violentl y by the Go vernment in the Chamber, yet it showed it self very acc ommodatin g af terwards with the le t m i m ai ! s e t d apeaarttiyo•n, was when at a t t h al e i e Deputy oi : thennatio referred to the state o f the navy, army, and finances. He accused the Government of allowing the n avy to fall to ruin, and said that had not the Chambers int e rfered it would have done nothing. The army, e allowed, was act i ve , ardent, and int e lli gent, but denied m he ' t h at it was properly organised • the • recruitment regulations were insufficient, and the cavalry was not certain of to procuring horses. In allusion the state of the finances, he complained of the loans been forced to contract, and adducingh that the Stateexample of had the father of Frederick th e G reat, who the (1 left r son an army and treasures which enabled him to conquer Silesia, he declared that he could pardon the Govern ment their faults, if they h a d l e f t tre as ures sufficient for a similar purpose.—(Approbation from the left.) The MINISTER 01 FOREIGN AFFAIRS Should reply fully to the Hon. Deputy at the ' n next sitting. The Chamber rose in considerable agitation at half past ave. On Thursday, May 28, the MINISTER of FOREIGN AF FAIRS ascended the tribune, anti said that, in replying to the observations of the 11, MT • hier , s he should en deavour to avoidall 'II M. personal remarks ; for, whether one attempted in a discussion to disparage ore's adversaries, or to eulogise one self ,the effect raw be to lessen the value of important matt, u rs, such as the ger eral in terests of mankind, or the affair s of nations. The Hon. Gentleman, in his obs ervat i ons on the policy of the Go vernment since 1830, had divid e d heads, one of which he had, and the it into two ether in which he had not, taken a part ; the former he had approved ot; and the latter he had criticised. He would observe, no observe with regard to the former, that in his opinion the Hon. Deputy had not ` g iven it the full praise that it d eserve d, for a policy w hi c h, on the morrow of a revolution, in the midst of the greateSt agitation, had always , remained master of,,i itself, prudent, just, and moderate, must .certainly be called a great policy. He must beg the Chamber to excuse him from not following the Hon. Gentleman through all the questions which he had raised, icr there were many which it was more desirable to leave for history to record ; for the great re sponsibility falling on a minister frequently did net allow him to treat such questions as he might please. With regard to the right of search, he would ask whether, if the Cabinet had fallen under that question, and the Hon. M. Thiers had concluded the convention of the 29th of May, the Opposition would not have regarded it as a great piece of success. — (Murmurs on the left.) The Hon. Gentleman, in allud ing to the conduct of the Government towards Spaic, expressed his astonishment, that when the support o the French Government was demanded, the reply should have been to tell her to save herself ; that was, however, what she had been able to accomplish. She had, with out intervention, put an end to the civil war, and esta blished a Constitutional Government. Spain, doubtless, continued to experience many difficulties, but he denied that she was in a declining state ; on the contrary, she was in the way to return to the good principles of prac tical government_ He was surprised to hear the Hon. Gentleman make use of the names of parties connected with Spanish affairs, i n a tone o f bitterness which could not be made use of when speaking of their ° , vn affairs. (Approbation.) The Hon. Mi n i ster h ere pa ;ed as eu logium on General Narvaez, who, he observed, had con ferred great benefits on Spain. That officer might have committed great faults, might have yielded to the brutal traditions of his country, but when prudent voices warned him that he was acting wrong, he at once gave way, and remained strictly within the bounds of consti tutional order. No person ought, therefore, to accuse General Narvaez of having compromised the monarchy of his country. As to Queen Christina, who could tell by what views her mother's heart had been moved in seeking a husband for her daughter ? She had too much good sense, and too much political experience, not to sacrifice any personal feelings of her own to the wel fare of her country. Spain was at present in the hands of men who had given proofs of their devotedness to her interests. What France owed them, and what she de sired to afford them, was her moral support. He should not then pause to answer the observations of M. Thiers relative to Syria, for the question would one of those days be brought forward, and discussed at full length. lie must, however, declare that M. Thiers was quite in error when he asserted that France had asked for a little humanity for the Christians of that country, and could not obtain it. Humanity had nothing to do with the matter ; it was altogether a question of organization in the interior of the Lebanon, on which England and France held different opinions. He was convinced that the latter was right, and should be able to prove it when the matter was discussed, but at present he could not allow the question to be mis-stated—to be represented as one of humanity. With respect to Greece, he should be just as brief in his remarks, as he had not long since declared that the whole cause of the difference between France and England, relative to that country, was that they had formed different opinions respecting the cha racter of tho Ministry now in power. A difference of opinion might easily exist between the two Govern ments on such a point without leading to any grave re sults, and this was what had taken place in the present instance. As to the question of the United States, he certainly did not expect to find it again alluded to in the tribune. Every word that he had ever uttered relative to the United States—every act that he had sanctioned, might be strictly examined, and nothing could be found tnat did not testify to his great consideration and inte rest for that country. He had maintained the inde pendence of the policy of France, as he had thought it fitting for her interest, in a secondary matter ; and in a question of a graver cast, he had been the first to pro- claim a policy which no person in that Chamber could gainsay—a strict and real neutrality, surrounded by every kind of guarantee. Such were the few words which he had deemed it necessary to utter on the foreign policy of the Government. He should now proceed to discuss that of the home administration, and as a preli minary step should observe, that on the accusation that the present Ministry wished for peace at any price, he must declare that they did certainly aim at preserving peace, as the only efficient means of consolidating the power and greatness of the country. But there were two modes of preserving peace ; one was to be uneasy. to fear the possibility of war, to continually demand if it could be preserved—in fact, to show that war was considered probable. This conduct in its turn produced doubt amongst the other powers, and at last the result would be that war would burst out. But there was another mode of preserving peace, which was to do so with confidence, with the conviction that it was to be observed, and that it would issue victoriously from all trials to which it might be subjected. After a lapse of time every one would believe in its continuance, and the favourable opinion thus felt would exercise a most be neficial effect on the country. It was in this way that the present Government preserved peace. Let any one go from that Chamber, and, proceeding through France, listen to what webs said, and regard what was done, and then declare if France had not gained strength immeasurably within the last five years.—(Dissent from the left.) "You," said the Hon. Minister, turning to the Opposition benches, " you and your friends are the only persons who do not say so. All others declare the contrary to you ; and this is the only way that we prove in what manner we understand and practise the policy of peace."—(" Hear, hear," from the centre.) With regard to the domestic policy of the Government, the first re proach made against it by the Hon. Gentleman was, that it was not a parliamentary government. It had acquired a majority. It was admitted that it had passed this ugh many difficult trials, which it had got over with much success, and yet it was not a parliam , ntary government —it was a party, and governed as a part;. If by this it was meant to say that the majority had acquired a firm ness, an organisation, and a unity which was fitting to it, the Government congratulated itself on it.— (Hear, hear.) The Conservative party, in fact, for the last five years, must be regarded as the principal constitutional force of the country.—(Hear, hear.) A constitutional Government required a majority possess. ing those principles, and faithfully following under the same standard. Great efforts and great sacrifices had been made to attain that end.—(Laughter OR the left.) As Hon. Members did not appear to understand the sacrifices he alluded to, he would explain that they had sacrificed the dearest friendships, and the warmest allies, to maintain the unity of the Conservative party. This had produced on the side of the Opposition what had been called a fusion. He considered they were very far from forming a party fit to govern, for they were want ing in the ideas, the sentiments, the habits, which con stitute such a party. They had, however, started in that read, and he much preferred seeing it so, to wit nessing the disunion, the impuissance, and the inco herence which formerly reigned in the ranks of the opposition.—(Murmurs from the left.) They had done right to constitute themselves into a great party, and to take the Hon. M. Thiers as their leader.—(Loud in terruption on the left.) It was not long since that that Hon. Member designated himself under that character.—(Loud denials from several voices) He should leave that question to be settled among them selves, but he must be permitted to believe that the ex ample of the Conservative party, and the necessity felt for strengthening themselves, had led to that result, which he should consider as a mark of progress; but in which it appeared they had advansed as much as he had thought. The Government was told that it certainly had the majority, but that this advantage was obtained by means of corruption, and at the expense of represen tative government.—(Cries of " Yes, yes," from the left.) The Opposition allowed that it had confidence in the institutions of the country, and that it admired them But had not these institutions been in force for the last 15 years ? Was not every one in his place ? Was not the combat that was going on between the several par ties regulated by these institutions ? And when a new species of liberty had been admitted—that of public voting in the Chamber—had the Government and the Conservative party suffered from it ? Undoubtedly not. But it was not alone in the Chamber that the institu tions were in force ; throughout the whole length and breadth of the territory they prevailed—in councils-general, in municipal councils, in the National Guard, everywhere they had their influence, and everywhere the Government had the majority! Well, then, here were free and powerful institutions used by every one at full liberty, and yet Opposition went the lengths of declaring that they were annihilated by cor ruption! What greater insult could be offered to those institutions and to the country?—(Exclamations from the left.) If amongst the various Governments that had succeeded each other in France, any single one, the em pire for instance, with the immense powers at its dis posal, had endeavoured not to corrupt, but simply to se duce ; he could comprehend its being reproached with exercising an ascendancy over the institutions of the country; but in the present day, with the means now at the service of the Government—so slight, so inferior— to suppose that it could succeed in putting down the great free institutions of France, was certainly going too far. It was certainly quite out of character for the Opposition, who boasted of perfectly understanding the great inte. rests, the generous sentiments of the country, to accuse the Government of using corruption by means of to bacco shops and supernumaries' places, and of obtaining by such insignificant instruments the great results at which it has arrived; that surely was not possible—it was an insult to the country to suppose it.—(Sensation.) He was well aware how the Opposition explained this anomaly; they said the country slumbered —was indif ferent—allowed matters to take their course. The re storation was not very far from the present time ; the Government then disposed of more numerous means of influence than at present—the liberties of the country were less extensive and less active. But the country did not slumber, nor did it remain indifferent. And why? Because it distrusted the Government, and was uneasy respecting its principles—for that reason it became vigi lant and on the defensive. Why was the country not in the same state of alarm now? Because it was quite satisfied as to the principles of the Government which held the reins of power ; and, being so, it tranqully transacted its daily nusiness. Let not then Hon. Gen tlemen attribute to administrative manoeuvres such great results. Between the Government and the Opposition the country had to choose, and it preferred the former, and that was the sole cause of the former's force. He should now come to another reproach raised by the lion. M. Thiers against the domestic policy of the Go vernmeet—that of falsifying the representative system. The policy practised by the Government was every day attacked ; it was stated to be retrograde and counter revolutionary at home, and weak and humiliating abroad; and, after thus stigmatising the policy of the Govern ment, it was said that it was not its own, and that if the Opposition would have followed the same course, it might have been in its place. That was the language that had been made use of : but it was evident that in that case the responsibility was not misplaced. The Hon. M. Thiers had certainly too much experience not to know that good intentions did not always prevent bad consequences. Ie admitted the right which the lieu. Gentleman had claimea to examine into the in- Dhence exercised bye the different powers of the states; but that right ought to be made use of for the interest of the country, and under certain circum standes. Had, then, 'that right been used, underexisting circumstances, in a manner conformably to the prin ciples of a representative Government, and to the in terestsest?ablisTl-hmeey were monarchical co untry hi a s ll wa la s h t o h u e ri f n o g urt t h o attempt within 50 years. There was the monarchy of 1791 ; the imperial monarchy of 1804 ; that of the re storation ; and, lastly, that of 1830. They were, therefore, engK,cd in their fourth attempt, and - that proved two things ; that a monarchy was necessary , since it was always returned to ; and, at the same t i me, that it was very difficult to establish it on a firm and durable basis. He believed that the last of the four monarchies he had mentioned offered the best condi tions of success. If France had been told in 1830 that at the end of 15 years she would find herself in the situation in which she was now placed, she would have congratulated herself more than she did at a moment when she had extricated herself from a state of anarchy. But, in founding a durable and solid monarchy, it was not too much to find, in addition to the energetic assis tance of all the great powers of the state, that of the Crown equally with the rest, and it was a great happiness for the present monarchy at its very commencement to meet with in the Crown so much wisdom, firmness. ard devotedness to the country.—(Applause, and murmurs on the left.) What he had just utter, - d was repeated com monly, not only in France, but throughout the a hole world, arid he could not see any just reason why he should he prevented from proclaiming it in that assembly.— (Renewed applause.) There was much diffarence of opinion as to the duties of advisers of the Crown. For his part, he believed that the duties of Ministers in a monarchy were to maintain the accord between the great powers of the state ; not to make one preponde rate over the other, but to maintain an equilibrium be tween them, to brine- them to the same d • necessary desire, the same or will. In order to e ff ec t thi s , it was to treat with all, with th e C rown as withtheChambers for them oak) them a:cept the condition s o f common a c co , o r t d. This was the light in which he regarded represent a ti ve government.—(Hear, hear.) In order t o p er f orm the part which he had here pointed out, it was necessary to possess much independence. He had lived under many Governments, many of whom he had served, and he was confident that no one had ever found him either servile or complaisant.—(Whispering.) He had, he confessed, much respect for the powers which governed the country, and if he happened to find himself opposed to one of them, far from allowing them to see it, he was anxious to conceal it. It was not proper to make the country acquainted with those intestine struggles; the weaknesses of the powers should be concealed. Ile would never allow his vanity to be gratified by such conduct, at the expense of his independence.—(Move ment.) There was another point which separated him from M. Thiers : it was this, that in his opinion the duty of the councillors of the Crown was, to attribute to the Crown all that it did of good, but never to assign to if anything of evil. The Crown was never responsible for what was ill; it was it that effected every good. The Marquis de LAROCHEJAQUELIN.—And 1830 ! (Laughter.) The MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS was well aware that in all times and countries there were Crown coun cillors, who endeavoured to elevate themselves by pur suing a different course ; such conduct neither suited his taste nor his sense of duty. He believed, on the con trary, that it was his duty to stand aside before the Crown.—(" Yes, yes.") By such conduct he considered himself dignified—(Hear, hear)—he considered the other course vulgar, and he would have none of it. —(Movement.) He was convinced, that if he some day deserved a place in the remembrance or gratitude of his country, he should not be deprived of it by his deference to the Crown. Such was his way of understanding the consitutional monarch and the duties of councillors of the Crown in such Government. These were the re marks which he had considered it necessary to make to the observations of M. Thiers on the foreign and do mestic policy of the country. There were two or three other points to which he should deem it necessary to ad vert, but, in order to do so, he must request permission from the Chamber to take a few minutes repose.— (" Yes, yes.") The sitting was then suspended, and on the Hon. Minister descending from the tribune, he was immedi ately surrounded by his friends, apparently congratulat ing him on his speech. After the lapse of about a quarter of an hour, he again ascended the tribune. The MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS should briefly conclude, as he was nearly at the limit of his strength, and probably had worn out the patience of the Chamber. —(" No.") The name of the President of the Council had been incidentally mentioned the day before by M. Thiers. That noble name shared in all the responsibility of the Cabinet, which was but too proud to have the illustrious warrior at its head. As long as the Noble Marshal should be pleased to lend his name, as long as he lived, the Cabinet would most anxiously endeavour to keep him at their head, convinced that under no greater name could a policy of peace be carried out. —(Hear, hear.) He passed to another point mentioned by the llonourable Gentleman, to what he called the tendency of the Government and its weakness towards the legitimist party and the clergy. No doubt the Government had much es. eem for the Hon. Members of that great party—and these men were numerous—and had great consideration for their social position, their ,pntiments, and their ideas.—(Movement.) The Govern ment had shown that it knew how to come to an under standing with M. Thiers to repeal the hostility of a party But it was also the desire of the Gceerntnent, as well as Its policy, to draw round it men of the legitimist party. lie dissembled nothing ; he called things by their names, and used no disguise. It had been a great misfortune for the French nobility that they did not know how to assume that part in the political interests of their country to which they were entitled, They had done nothing but live in the isolation of their estates, or the subser viency of courts. The Marquis de LAROCHAJAQUELIN—And on the field of honour ! The MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS—Yes, most• nobly, and most patriotically ! But the intelligence of the policy of the country had always been wanting to them. It was the middle classes that had been obliged to conquer, step by step, all the liberties of the country— it was to them that France owed every thing 1 the middle classes had given since 1814, noble proo, of courage and intelligence ; they had in 1830, founded for ever the free Representative Government, but they were well aware that all the benefits, all the honours, all the glories of that Government were not reserved for them alone—that they belonged equally to the old French nobility whenever they wished to join them, and to the people, in proportion as it raised itself, and fulfilled the conditions of its accession to political life. What he desired and hoped most anxiously waste, see such French subjects who hitherto had taken no part in political life, either through an unjust disdain, or through ignorance. form ing themselves by the proper apprenticeship, and taking their places on the benches of political rights. That was the idea of the Government respecting the Legiti mist party—an idea alike honourable to both parties. As to the clergy, the Ministry had not the slightest notion of, in any way delivering up to it either the go vernment or the education of youth. He had been the first to declare that the two grand conquests of the Revolution of July were, that the state was laid, and that education was free, and to that principle the Ca binet would firmly adhere. M. Thiers had also touched on the home administration, the army, and the finances. If any foreigner should chance to travel through France, he (M. Guizot) believed that the country would not ap pear to him so badly administer, d as the Hon. Gentle man seemed to intimate. The army bad been defini tively fixed as to numbers three years back, and M. Thiers was as well aware as any one Loa usefully it had been employed in the great work of d, mination in Africa. tie (M. Guizot) looked on Algeria as destined to increase immensely the grandeur of France in the world, and he should be most unwilling to weaken in soy way the means by which the end was to be effected. As to the finances and public works, the Ministers of these departments would answer all objections when their budgets were under discussion. It was that the finances at present supported a heavy burden, but the Government felt convinced that they would issue with honour from their critical situation. "I have now," said the Hon. Minister, in conclusion, " I believe, re plied to all the points alludad to by M. Thiers, and con jointly with the regret which I ha ve felt at so general and sharp an attack against the Government, I avow that I feel a profound sentiment ©f satisfaction, and for this reason—that at present, when all is calm and tranquil around us, when prosperity prevails at home and ,security abroad, we may, without the slightest inconvenience, subject all the acts of the Go vernment to the mo.: t rigid scrutiny, M. Thiers and myself have not always met in our encounters under 'o serene, so calm, a he.tven ; we have often, in our combats, had far greater difficulties to contend with, and burdens of a very different weight hanging over our heads. I feel confident that the policy followed since 1840 has much to do with this serenity, and that the Government has contributed to bring about this happy state of things. For my part, I congratulate myself that, notwithstanding the violent attacks which have been directed against the Government, we are at present in such a position as to be able to hear without inconve nience everything that may be alleged in this trieune." —(Loud applause and great agitation.) IN THE SITTING OF MAT 29. M. TRIERS, after a few observations on the increase of the National Debt, again recurred to the subject of the relations of the Ministers with the Crown. He had three times brought that question before the Chamber. The first was in a great debate, in which he had ob tained the support of MM. Guizot and Duchatel ; the second on the occasion of a member of the Cabieet be ing Ambassador at London • and the third when the discussion of the incompatibilities bad been brought forward. He was altogether of opinion that France bed given herself to her King , and that she was fortunate in meeting with such a prince • but he (M. Thiers) must be also permitted to say that it was a great happiness for that prince to reign h ear. so great and noble a come try as France.—(Hear, ) As to the conditions of the contract, he had no need to repeat them—the Chain ber knew them all. M. DuPxN,(pointing to the picture over the President's chair, of the King swearing to observe the Charter) — There is the representation of the sacred act ! (Ap plause from the left.) M. TRIERS was deeply . attached to the monarchy. The savage nations of Asia also had monarchs, but the people of France could not be governed like them. Under the Restoration, a good and generous king ex isted, but he was persuaded that if the opposition gained ground, he would lose his head on the scaffold ; he governed with that idea, worked against the Martignac Ministry, and urged matters to such a point that France rose up one day, and hurled him from the throne. They all had sprung from the Restoration, and they be lieved that what was required was the existence of re sponsible Ministers—Ministers who were independent, irbo protected the Crown, and who did not stand aside before it.—(Hear, hear.) Ministers who thus gave way allowed the evil and the good to pass equally by. He marained that Ministers ought to completely cover and protect the Crown. They ought to have a final will this he conceived to be a necessity of their unstitutional system. Some attempts had been made to connect to gether a speech of his with the late attempt against the King's life—at least some of the journals had endea voured to do so. He protested against such insinuations, though it was scarcely necessary, after the many proofs which he had given of his devotedness tothe throne.— _ (" Hear, hear," from the left.) He should term - inate by saying that, if the present Ministry was not to last for ever ; if, some day or other, circumstances should in duce the Crown to have recourse to a Ministry now appearing impossible, and that he should be sent for to take part in the counsels of the Crown, he should bring with him the greatest devotedness ; if he found himself in accord with the King, he shoald be, truly delighted ; if not, he should retire. He thought that tutu pride was better than•that of the men who lowered themselves, not to keep power, but merely the appearance Dif it.— (" Hear, hear," from the left.) MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAlRS—Whenever Hon. M. 'riders has attacked the Ministry, he said—" you are mere instruments ; if I had been satisfied to et I like you,. I could have remained Minister."—(Agitation ) M. TRIERS never slid that MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS—That was the sense, if not the text, of the Hon. Leptity's word., ; and slh,:t did that signify, if not that there w as au infiuenc, that made and unmnie Ministers ? If tlic Oppositi n had said that the Ministry was feeble and perverse, and allowed the Crown to take too much par in one of the Mowers of the State, he should have nothing to sly. — (Violent exclamations on the left.), He was astonished that the distinction was not observed, and he would re peat his remark.—(Hear, bear.) They might accuse of weakness, corruption,. or even worse, the Ministry but they could accuse them alone.—(Applause.) This was not done when they said," If I had done as you did I might still be a Minstev..'—(Adhesien from the centre.) He had already said, and repeated, the part of a constitutional Minister consisted in the maintenance of a good accord bAween the three great powers of the state. That this was a great labour for Ministers was incontestable. Before the Chambers they defended the ailnapt:o•esa discussion were brought before them, and with the Crown they fulfill e d an ana logous mission ; they entered d t o tilem with go it and an and u induceduseful.—(Movement mv i. it oc o onn e to m e left.) The C rown was not a seat on whicsh e a nt bar placed th a t no one m i ght institutions. sit lp thereon assos ; ; it it was was not m t ( t ., norane whatdt aoa then that, it was a n ac ti ve and real part of th e i r G overn ment closed to all ambitions , all M. 0. BARROTT—You are quite right. MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS —The Clown was an intelligent person, which bad it s id eas , i ts s e ntiments, and its desires, like other animated beings. That personhad rights and duties ; his duty was to govern con formably to the charter, and in accord with the great public powers. That duty had never failed, and would never be wanting.—(Nlorement.) lie repeated that the Crown was an intelligent person, and not a mere ma chine made to occupy a place which others might take. A Voice—And the Queen of England. MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS -- If the Hon. Mem ber who had interrupted him had known 'what took place in England—if he was aware that one of the greatest measures—Catholic emancipation, had been postponed for twenty years because Sir R. Peel, power ful as he was, c7itild not persuade the Crown to acquiesce in it, he would not have interrupted him. A Voice—lt was, however, eventually passed. MINISTER of FOREIGN AFFAIRS—Did the Hon. Deputy know why ? He would tell him. Because in England there was no Minister who would wish to im pose a despotic will on others ; because in England all political men, all Ministers, knew that it was neces sary to treat and discuss with the Crown, and they did so. That was how things were conducted in England, and the same course should be pursued here. lie had the day before used the expression " stand aside," in face of the throne. He was not the first who had employed it. Lords Chath am an d G rey had used it, aid'the latter had done so in order to give William IV. all the honour of carrying the Reform Bill. He had used the word in the same sense in which the above Nobleman had employed it, in order to give the King the credit for all the good that was done. But when the question was no longer to " stand aside," but to shield the Crown against the accusations brought a,t,raint the Government, he Cabinet would know how to fulfil its mission as well tLs any other.—(Agitati.,.m, and cries of " Divide.") The discussion was then declared to be closed. The Chamber rose at a quarter to eight, and on a di vision, as our readers are already aware, the Ministers obtained a majority of 73. EDUCATION (IRELAND). The following are the interesting portions or the an nual report of the Commissioners of Education in Ire land, to his excellency the Lord-Lieutenant for the year ending 25th March, 1846 (just issued by order of Par iarnent, being pri , pared pursuant to Act of Parliament, 53 Geo. 111., c. 107, s. 8): — TO HIS EXCELLENCY WILLIAM BARON BLEYTESBURY, &c. In the attendance of pupils a - ,1 the course of ins-ruc lion adopted in the royal schools, no alteration has, since our last report to your Excellency, taken place, of 4 nature sufficiently important to call for any special re marks on the present occasion. At the election of Queett's scholars founded by us in the University, we have to inform your Excellency, that since our last report we have appoi n t e d, on the Artnagh Royal School foundation— Edmund F. Rambaut to a royal scholarship of 25/. per annum for five years. On the Dungannon Royal School foundation -Richard Dowse to a royal scholarship of 301. per an num for five years. Frederick Dobbin to a royal scholarship of 30/. per annum for five years. Robert Heatfey to a royal scholarship of 30/. IRA. an num for three years. Wyndham Armstrong to a royal hcholarship of 30/. per annum for two years. Hugh M'Sorley to a royal scholarship of 50/. per an num for two years. On the Enniskillen Royal School foundation— John Gwynne to a royal scholarship of 50i per an num for fire years. John J. Fleicher to a royal scholarship of 301, per an num for five years. _ William Caine to a royal scholarship of 301. for one .ear. Much of our time and attention has been occupied by the estates attached to the Royal Schools; and we are enabled to inform your Excellency that a decided jut provement .is apparent thereon; and that we have granted such assistance to different memorialists as the nature of each case seemed to us to require and justify. During the past year we have expended on the differ ent royal school-houses such sums as were reported to us to be necessary for their proper maintenance. At Banagher repairs of an extensive nature are now in progress. From the annual returns furnished to us by the masters of the different 'schools of private endowment throughout the country, it appears that those schools, which were formerly reported as being most fully at tended by pupils, continued to maintain their respective positions, • with the exception of the Middleton School, which, though under the care of the same master who formerly raised it to a very successful position, has lat terly very much retrograded. We have reason to ex pect, however, that the patrons and trustees of this school will soon be enabled to place it in a more satis tactory position. 01 the different diocesan and district diocesan schools. that of Derry is now the most largely attended, a n d ap pears to be rising in public estimation. The other diocesan schools remain much in the same condition as when we last reported to your Excellency. We have further to state to your Excellency that we have, in the course of the past year, paid to the credit of the consolidated fund the regular annual instalments in repayment of the sums advanced by Government in the cases of Raphoe and Clonmel schools. (Signed) JOHN G. ARMAGH'(L. S.) RICHARD DUBLIN (L. S.) EDWARD MEATH (L. S.) CHARLES KILDARE (L. S.) FRANCIS BLACKBURN, C. J. (L. S.) FRANC SADLEIR, Provost (L. S.) C. R. ELRINGTON (L. S.) JA •FES WILSON (L. S.) THOMAS TUAM, &c. (L. S.) We ;re happy to announce that the Marchioness of Worcester is progressing favourably. NEW AND IMPORTANT ROUTE TO OREGON AND CALIFoRNIA.—The Picayune of the 22d states that the editor conversed with a gentleman who left California on the 18th of February, by sea for Mazatlin, and thence proceeded to the city of Mexico, leaving there again on the 3d. He reached Vera Cmr, and so on to New Orleans. Captain Fremont had reached Sutler's Settlement at New Helvetia, on the Pacific coast, about the lit of February, with seventy mounted men, and has discovered a new route by which Oregon and California can be reached in sixty days less time than by the old route. Captain Fremont left his _party, and proceeded hi mse lf t o Monterey on a visit. In California, allegiance to Blexice has nearly been thrown off. Don Pio Pico commands, and no expedition from Mexico to reduce them to obedience bee arrived. There is a strong tide of American emigration set ting into California from Oregon.— Nero York Sun. Subscriptions for the Monument at Culloden are being paid to the promoters of that Scottish memorial. The Highland Society has been applied to for a contribution, and some of the northern papers speak very energetically as to the duty of °vet)? Scot to contribute his mite for the erection of this memento upon the memorable battle- field. EXTRAORDINARY Musunoost. —On Saturday last, James Stubb, of Buglawton, near Con;leton, was somewhat surprised that one of the flags just within the threshold of his door had been so far displaced by some invisible agency, that it had become a l m ost impossible to open o r s h u t th e door. To discover the hidden cause of this strange eff ec t, the flag was removed, and underneath it was found a fine mush room, measuring nearly half a yard in circumference. The flag which was thus pushed from its place by the upstart fungus, was two feet long by eighteen inches wide, and two inches thick !—Macclesfield Courier. AN ENGLISHMAN'S TREATMENT,--There is now a poor man in Mansfield, belonging to Papplewick, whose wife is confined to her bed through illness. Having been removed from Mansfield to Papplewick six years ago, the poor man applied at his place of settlement for assistance. He met with relief then by being offered work to break stones by piece work, and actually travelled fimrteen miles a day (seven there and seven back), for the scanty pittance he could earn at stone-breaking—a description of work he had, never been accustomed to. Here is an Englishman's treat ment in England! Where is the Englishman of ordinary feeling who does not blush that his country should thus be disgraced? Dr. Cnrsham, the v icar of Mansfield, has written to the Poor-law Com missioner s and we hope to be enabled aff ord mation as to this extreme the individual publicnpon th i s subj ect, fartherilifr wcase of hardship. The name of re f erre d to is, we believe, Francoies ; his aim 62,.—Nottirighans Review. THE DUTCH IN BCRNEO. A very long resolution of the Governor-General of Netherlands India in council, relative to Borneo, shows the importance setaehed by the Dutch to that island, and the efforts they are disposed to make to maintain their footing there. This manifestation has no doubt been called forth by the late proceedings of the English there, and may be taken as a sign that the most careful watch will be kept upon all our movements in that quarter, and every opportunity taken to thwart our efforts at ccilonisation in Borneo. The following is a precis of the:most important parts of this resolution :—lt commences by setting forth that the exertions used for more than twenty-five years to raise the native population of Borneo from their ne glected state, and for the effectual prevention of piracy, have no unity in these efforts, and because they were principally carried on at the coasts where the Dutch functionaries reside, and where they were often impeded by adverse interests. It is further stated that an unsuccessful attempt to promote industry and civilisation by abolishing impedi ments to trade and establishing free ports, had been made ; and for the purpose of facilitating, and, if ne cessary, increasing those liberal rt gulations, it has been dt-emed advisable to unite tt e whole of the sepa rate and independent Dutch settlements under one central Government to be established in the interior, which will be able to put itself in immediate connexion with the natives, whos'- protection and moral and re ligious civilisation is to be the aim of the proposed mea sure. The late Dutch mission to Borneo is said to have thrown much light on the resources of the country, which it is hoped will be more and more developed for the general good. The information so obtained likewise affords the means of defining the boundaries of the Dutch territory, but it is specially declared that this naming of boundaries shall not in any way be held as a renunciation of any claim the Dutch may have to any territory not therein claimed. It is accordingly found good and ordained that all the separate residences and divisions under Dutch authority on the south and east coast, and also the west coast of Borneo, and all their dependencies, are in future to be united into one general government of Berne() and de pencies. Mr. A. L. Weddill is named Governor, who is to fix his residence at some central place in the inte rior. and all the residents, &c., are placed under his orders. The notification then goes on at great length to fix the boundaries of the Dutch territory, and enumerate the islands and other dependencies which are to be in cluded in the new Government.—Overland Singapore Free Press, April 7. EARLY HAY- MAKING.—Hay-making commenced in some of the upper parts of this country in the course of last week; and on Saturday a scene seldom witnessed at this early peri')d so low down the country occurred at Thaxted, when Mr. T. Newell, the landlord of the Cock Inn, carted a field of fine meadow hay, producing two tons to the acre, after which he spread a hospitable table, and his friends and assistants spent a merry evening after their first labours of early " haysell."—Essex Herald. EXTENSIVE EMBEZZLEMENT BY A PARISH OFFICER. —Yeste,day morning, at the Public Office, Birmingham. a genteely dressed man, named Joseph Piercy Yeomans Welch, late clerk to the guardians of the poor for the parish of Birmingham. and formerly treasurer to the same body, was charged with having embezzl-d various sums of money, the property of the parochial officers. The amount of the defalcations, as at present ascertained, is about 1,1001., and although they havr been accumulating fur some years past, it is only within the last few months that any suspicion at tached to Welch, whose first appointment under the pa rochial authorities took place in 1822, and who was. after the lapse of ten years, elected treasurer, which office he held until about twelve months since. Welch continued in the office of clerk to the board of guardians till within the last tour or five months, when, pleading illness, he resigned his situation. Shortly after hisresigna tion, he was called upon to make up his accounts, when his book showed a deficit of 4601., and the accused also acknow ledged that there was a further sum of 500/., which he be lieved was due to the parish, and which he regretted his ina bility at. once to pay over. Steps were taken to endeavour to as, rtain corre, tly and recover the amount due to the pa rish, but while these were pending Welch left Birmingham, but was accidentally seen entering his apartments in Norton street, New-road. Information haying been forwarded to Birmingham, an inspec , or of police immediately came up to London, and apprehended the prisoner on Friday, night, and conveyed• him to Birmingham, where he will be brought up for examination on Thursday next, a remand to that day having been granted. TUM U LT IN A CUURCIL—A letter from Jerusalem says : " A deplorable scene occurred in the church of the Holy Sepulchre, at Jerusalem, on Good Friday. The Latin priests were engaged in the ceremonies of the day, and a procession was pas-ing through the church of the Holy Sepulchre, when a carpet happening to be placed in the part of the Churcjt set aside for the use of the Greek schismatics. gave rise to an extraordinary tumult. The Greeks insisted that the carpet should be taken away, the Latins insisting upon its remaining. An exchange of abusive words ensued, which were speedily followed by blows. A tremendous battle was the consequence, in which the wax candles were upset, the candelabra destroyed, the banners pulled down. and their poles turned into pikes for the use of the combat ants. A great number of persons were seriously hurt, and some were killed; but at length the Pacha came with a party of troops, and cleared the church of both parties. It. was then found that not only had a great deal of damage . been done to the church, but that some of the most valuable and portable objects had been stolen by the pious and pugna cious pilgrims." AN ANCIENT EMIGRANT.—A Limerick paper, in noticing the departure of the Sarah, the last of the spring vessels, for America, with 350 passengers, says—" Amongst the emigrants we noticed Mr. O'Neill, late of Cratloe Castle in the county Clare. He, with his family, consisting of eighteen members, has found it expedient to abandon the home in which he and his ancestors were located for the last 190 years." We wish this patriarch a pleasant voyage and a happy location. The emigration of the "Pilgrim Fathers" was nothinp, in comparison to this voyage across the Atlantic by a gentleman who has reached his 190th year! We are not told whether Mr. O'Neill's " ancestors' have taken passage in the same ship.--Dublin Evening Post. A MAN COMMITTED FOR BITING OFF A COM- PANION'S BAR.--A drunken aff f rad has just taken place at the fashintable watering-place c o orn z t a t t al lV o lt f ilvern, Worcester shire, which has ended in the the parties on the extraordinary charge of biting off another oneof Thu circumstances of this affair are briefly as follow m a. an A 3 7e a w r. nights ago Edward Thomas, Richard Burrow, William Bur. row , William Pritchard , and others , were drinking at a beer house at Malvern, kept by a woman named Bough. Some of the company had been quarrelling, and when they were turned out at eleven o'clock, the two Burrows and Pritchard proposed to ret urn and " give it" to George Bough, one of the landlady's sons. No sooner said than done—they burst the door open and went into the house, Thomas followed them, and seeing Richard Burrow about, as lie thought, to strike the landlady, he interfered, and pushed her away. William Burrow immediatetooklyr him, and the blow was quickly returned • a tight place, and both the parties tell to the floor. 'While they were down Pritchard and Wil liam Burrow also struck Thomas. The affair terminated by Richard Burrow taking Thomas's left ear in his mouth and biting it completely off at the roots. Ile afterwards spat it Thomas vvore .s t e was r suffered by out of his mouth on the floor. The p arted and shrivelled by his r assailants a member was produced at the examinat ion before the policeman.toget Afterp when he fainted from pain and loss of blood. Will iam up ff this the ti act, oo r Burro w has been committed for trial at Worcester on t he 1 charge. )0 0 ir. iitl clO