The Sun. — London, England, 1823-07-24 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS. DAILY Extracts from tut Morkiing Papers, July 24. traotomto Porra Bayonne Papers arrived last night to the 16th instant.t Their contents are of some importance, as they indicate the existence of an opinion in the leaders of the, French army that the war is lie from being terminated, And that it is neces sary for them to obtain a "pointerappui 6 in the Peninsula„ which, notwithstanding the extent of territory which they occupy, they do not es yet possess. This point d'appui is to be songht for on the line of the Ebro, that is to say, within a ve).y , short distance of the French frontiers ; so that, notwithstanding the embition's advance 'of the enemy to the flay of Cadiz, and their reiterated assurances that the %vat' must speedily end with the fall of that city, it appears that something has lately occurred to inspire different thoughts, and to create a more provident feeling. In order to establish this defensive line, the sieges of St.Se baitian' Pampeluna, and Santona are to be com menced, and, we are told, carried on with vigour. But as the heavy artilley had not yet quitted Bayonne, and it is doubtful whether it has more than a nominal existence, those sieges will pro bably resemble the decisive operations which Moncey was to execute in Catalonia, and at the end of two or three months will still remain to be undertaken. Meanwhile, depots of grain are forming on the frontier, and fresh troops are assembling. An extraordinary admission, how ever, is made with respect to the spirit with which they are animated ; far we find Marshal Lewiston haranguing the 20th Regiment of Light Infantry on its arrival at Bayonne, and telling it that there had been " some hesitation about permitting it to take the field." Surely this was not the mode best calculated to secure its loyalty ; for want of confidence on the part of the Chiefs is generally followed by want of fide lity on that of the soldiers. It is, however, a circumstance of considerable promise under every point of view : for whilst it shows that the feel ing of the French troops is hostile to this unjust and unprincipled war, it also proves that their losses in Spain have been so great as to render immediate reinforcements necessary, and that the French Government has no other means of supplying those reinforcements, than by erre ploying troops upon whose fidelity it does not rely. These Papers also state a fact of great lin portance, if it be correct ; it is the march of a strong column from Madrid, with six pieces of cannon, to assist the Swiss Guards, who bad been attacked in the vicinity of Toledo, and had lost part of a rich convoy which they were escorting to Andalusia. The Empecinado is also repre sented as acting with much spirit at the head of a strong Guerilla, and as laying heavy contribu tions upon towns and districts whose inhabitants lied espoused the cause of the invaders. [MORNING CHRONICLE.), The Journal des DAats, which we are far .from classing with the other Papers devoted to the cause of the Bourbons that is, the cause of tyranny, civil and religious—con tains occasionally articles written with good feeling, which may be read with much benefit.— To this description belongs a Review in the num ber of Monday last, by Malte-Brun, of a recent Statistical Work of Balbi, in which a valuable light is thrown on the state of Education of France and several other countries of Europe.— It appears from it that the Provinces of France, tho most superstitious and the most attached to the Bourbon system, are the worst off with re spect to education ; that while Alsace, Bur gundy, Franche-Comte, Picardy, French Flan ders, &c., have Ng out of every 1000 males sharing in the benefit of public instruction, the loyal and superstitious Provinces of the South-Westthave only forty-nine out of 1000.— Thar inference which these profound politicians, the Duke and Duchess d'Angouleme, will draw from this will no doubt be the same which our great Civil Historian of Rome (Mr. Bankos) drew, that the diffusion of education is a very bad thing. M. Malte-Brun, however, who had the benefit of a northern education, is fond of dwelling rather on the advantages of education, as a meantrof civilising and improving the morals of mankind. Among the other consolatory proofs which he has adduced, we find one derived from Austria, the Government of which, he says, " em ploys the means the most efficacious, and the most methodically combined to spread liberally ele mentary education." Such has been the success with respect to moral improvement, that it appears from very recent administrative Reports 44 the number of crimes has diminished in the ratio of the increase of primary schools."---In this coun try, with all deference to the Civil Historian of Rome, the efficacy of education in rendering a population orderly and moral is a question which has long since been settled. Whatever may be thought of the higher ranks of Scotland (and we do not believe that they are worse than those of the South), no one wilt deny that the lower orders of that country are morally, as well as in tellectually, greatly superior to 'the lower orders of the middle and South of England, where edu cation is still comparatively rare. Though they do not differ so much from the same classes of the North of England, which are better provided with the means of instruction, yet they are gene rally superior to them 'also, and that in nearly the ratio in which the different districts fall short, more or less, of the Scotch average in edu cation. The idea of insecurity never enters into the head of any person in the country parts of Scotland, because he lives at a distance from neighbours so comparatively rare in the commis sion of crime. I THE TIMES. ] Under the hes of " Greek Captives" is in. serted some intelligence which will shock the better portion of our roaders.—(See another column ofTutr. Surr.)—Eoglish subjects lending for hire their vessels to the intidels--prosti. luting the holiest flag of England, for the con veyance of Christian captives to a market where they are sold as slaves! The history of this transaction is a short one. 44 Forty youths 44 of Scio were carried to Tunis by an English " vessel from Smyrna;" and the account is given by the nncle of one of those unhappy victims, then departing from a French port, in the hope of being permitted to reclaim the whole of them from the Mahometans, td whom they had been betrayed. When the indignation of the people of England, and above all, of the shipping and commercial part of society, shall have in some degree subsided, men will begin to ask, is not, at least ought not, the conveyance of Christian men with a view to treat them in a manner contrary to the laws of civilized nations, to be considered an act' of piracy under the law of nations ? And in that case, would not--(the Greeks unques tionably would, but)—would not any ship of war, bearing any Christian flag, be justified in not merely releasing the captives, but in scuttling the piratical vessel, and carrying off the crew in chains, to he tried at the nearest port of Christendom for practices abhorrent to man kind ? We know not how far the barbarians of Tunis may have been bound by a parallel treaty to that forced upon the Algerines by Lord Exmouth's cannon ; but sure we are that, let the above questions be answered how they may, the neutrality professed by the British Go vernment, and enjoined to its subjects, has been outraged in the most offensive sense, by men who aid the Turks to inflict upon , their enemies—and those enemies Christians, the friends of England —an extremity of hostile vengeance, so destruc tive of Greek citizens, and fatal to the best re sources of their nation. [NEW TIM Es.] Happily settled and secured as rtre our national liberties, England is but remotely concerned in those questions of constitutional policy which agitate the Continent. Our Government and Legislature, therefore, have wisely directed their chief attention to the consolidation of our Commercial prosperity by wise laws, some of which were enacted in the course of the Session just concluded ; while others were put in a train of preparation for deliberate discussion here after. Among the former, is the Act for the Correction of the Law Merchant, relatiVe to Prinejpal and Factor, which was noticed in our Papers of the 16th and 17th inVant among the latter is the Bill for Consolidating and Amend ifrg the Bankrupt Laws, Which has been printed, and stands over for consideration during the holidays. As we have no greater ambition than to render The New Times a channel for the com munication of useful information, we seize the earliest opportunity of calling the attention of Our readers to the last mentioned Bill, an ana lysis of which has been recently published by the lion. it. H. Eden, with observations expla natory of the proposed amendments. It is stated by that Gentleman .that a general consoli dation of the Bankrupt Code was one of the measures tecommended'by , the Select Committee of the !louse of Commons on the gankrupt in 1818. The expediency of such a Measure will readily be admitted by any one who is acqu'ainted, with the repetitions, inaccuracies; and redundan,. cies of the various enactments of more than teto centuries and a half, or who considers the changes which the lapse of time, the immense extension of commerce, the depreciation of money, the improvements in mercantile proceedings, the' in vention of new frauds, and above all, the , multiplicity of judicial decisions, have gradually effected. The Bill in question is the result of a diligent and attentive examination of every clause in the old Statutes, and of every case decided upon the construction of those clauses. It com prises the whole Bankrupt Code, with some com paratively immaterial exceptions ; and is founded on the Bill brought into the House of Lords in the preceding Session, altering some of the provi sions, and suggesting several new enactments. [BRITISH PRESS.] The French Papers of Monday reachedltbr Office yesterday. They are very barrettiof -in telligence. The Moniteur contains a Royal Or dinance, dated the 16th, which orders that the corps commanded by Marshal Lauriston, which was heretofore called the second corps of reserve of the French army in Spain, shall henceforth be denominated the fifth corps of the army of the Pyrenees. The Journal tie Perpignan of the 12th has again killed the gallant Mina in its columns. Intelligence, it says, had been received, that Mina had died in consequence of a hemorrhage. But this Paper is the sole author of the heroic Chieftain's death ; it is mentioned in no other journal or official report. On the contrary, he was said to be at Barcelona, pre paring that city for the most vigorous defence.— D'Eroles is said to have quitted Berta to march to Cardona, the blockade of which was not formed, and lie detached a party of the Faith banditti to be stationed before the fort of Sen. Romagosa had fortified the walls of the town of Seu ; the troops before the fortress still occupied the same positions. The Constitutionalists had fortified themselves at the village of Castel Clutot, in the rear of the forts. Some miquelets are said to have escaped from that quarter, where they were cantoned, and to have gone to the neighbouring mountains. Moncey was at Bade loupe. It was believed he was going to recon noitre the environs of Barcelona. Quesada is said to have made a most melancholy re presentation to the Regency of the state of his division—the nakedness of his followers, exposed to every sort of privation, requiring the most immediate succour. Salamanca it appears, from its vicinity to Ciudad Rodrigo, has been subject to the visits of the Constitutionalists, who surprised this city only a short time since : about 250 cavalry penetrated to Salamanca, where they remained twelve hours; they made a prisoner of the Royalist General Hasse Court, and carried off more than 100.000 rents front the Government chest. Letters front Madrid announce, that the Constitu tional Guerilla leader Amor had succeeded the Cure Merino, at Caseres. This ancient companion of Mina's arrived just when Merino had completed his organization of every thing for the Regency. The new authorities had just time to fly and save themselves at Talavera du la Reyna. Amor had with him from 7 to $OO cavalry. Thus it appears that whatever the French and Regency do one day, is undone by the Constitutionalists in arms the next, and that the Royalist sys tem has no permanence whatever, or any support but foreign force. In the same way Coria was surprised by the Empecinado, who levied 500,000 reals froni the chapter of the cathedral. Thtis all through Spain the Constitutionalists are beginning to be active and in arms. In An. dalusia they are equ'ally active. Villa Campa, after having joined with Casteldorius, is said to occupy Ronda, and to act in concert with Bal. lasterns, while Zayas, Lopez Banos, and other chiefs, scour the country with detach ments, and hatrass the French force before Cadiz incessantly. The result was said to have been the falling back of Bordesoult from St. Mary's to Xeres some days back. The next winter, if the campaign be so long prolonged, will open with the gloomiest prospects to the French. [stottNlNd itEnA tn.] The progress of the French in Spain,. With all their boasted success, has been neither brilliant nor rapid.—lt is not quite so slow as a' suitin Chancery, but still it is a trial of patience to read the Spanish news in the French Papers from day to day. Each day prepares the reader to expect something decisive on the following, which usually disappoints ,expectation—and refers one to the arrivals of the next. Con siderable anxiety has been excited by the statement in the French Papers of Sunday, that Sit William A'Court was authorised to proceed from Seville to Cadiz, for the purpose of being, in his quality of Amhasiador, near the person of the King of Spain. His presence at Cadiz would be of import. ance to the Constitutionalists, and from the known feeling of Mr. Canning and his most distinguished colleagues on the subject of the Spanish war, the event is not improbable. The reply of Mr. Canning to the Madrid Regency Was in such a tone as to prove that the acts and the spirit of". their Highnesies" have not met the approbation of the Foreign Se cretary. It would seem as if he; with difficulty, constrained him self within the limits of diplomatic gravity and politeness, in spite of a strong disposition to indulge a sally or a sarcasm at their expence. It might be surmised that the going of the Bri.: tish Ambassador to Cadiz may be connected with negociation ; and some of the Paris Journals View it in this light. We should think, howevei, that negociatiOn, abort of the uncontlitbanal sub misSion of the Cortes, is hopelesi. The season of negociation is gone by.' The Coates not only (lie* the sword, but have thrown .away the scabbard. The irregular and disorganized resistance opposed' to the French, is ascribed, we are informed, in a great measure to the change of Ministry—and the change of Minis: try to English infiutnee.' Whether the latter assertion.' be or be not Well.fOunded, there is probably much truth in the for.: mer. The displaced Ministry posSessed energy, and had the support of the more ardent, and therefore morel valuable .Constitiitionalistsand tdthis they joined official experience, not of g!'eat length, but such as to be precious at so try ing a crisis. They were also essentially committed with the .re-establishment of the CtinStitution in 1820. But they had become personally ohnoxiOns` to King Ferdinand and the French (in.itself a presumption of their efficiency), and they were dismissed. Of the actual Ministry, only one appears to display an energy equal to the occasion—viz. Admiral Valdes, who holds the chief power, military and civil, at Cadiz. If the assertions respecting Nlorillo, contained in Quiroga's reply to him, be true, the GoVernment at Seville must have been ed. minaily negligent of the movements of this General. Suspi. dons of his loyalty were publicly expressed, even so Par back as the entrance of the Portuguese. Amarante into Spain. It was said lie might and could have defeated that partisan—and this seems verified, not merely by his recent treachery, but by the number of troops which he has had under his command. It was said at the time, that his troops were too few and ill-provided for resistance. But it turns out that he had an army of at least ten thousand men, many reginients of which were • veterans. There can hardly be a doubt that he was acting collusively even then. It is singular that the Papers of Sunday should have brought no specific information respecting him. They rather throw discredit on the preceding accounts. The Monztcur says nothing of his having joined the French with 3,000 men.— It merely lisld out the expectation of his 'mining the invaders, and acknowledging the Regency, but whether singly or not there is no mention. It is asserted that great desertions have taken place in the army of Ballasteros. This would be a fatal symptom indeed—worse than the desertion of Generals. It should not be credited, however, without better authority than any that lies reached us. YARMOUTH, JULY 21.—0 n Monday last a busy scene presented itself near the water side, from the bridge to the north River, in the preparations making by the a mat e u rs o f sa ili n g : for an excursion on the delightful waters of Braydon, that being, the day appointed to celebrate this interesting• aquatic festival. A roomy barge was fitted up us usual in a neat style for the Mayor and his friends, and this year an admirable arrangement was made for towing it up the water, which, on former occa sions, with an unfavourable wind, has been generally attended with considerable difficulty and labour. About half-past ten, ENO, accompanied by a number the Mayor (Isaac Preston, of friends, left the Town Hall, preceded by a band of music and the silver oar, from whence they walked in procession to the Wherry Quay, where they embarked. The Nelson steam packet, which had judiciously been engaged for the occasions, immediately took the Mayor's barge in tow, when a most animating and gratifying spectacle was displayed to the throngs which lined the shores. It was indeed gratifying in the extreme to see the stateliness and velocity with which the steam packet moved along, ac etlmpanied by a number of pleasure boats and wherries filled with respectable company. An excellent band of music, play ing martial and popular airs on hoard the steam packe t a s s h e glided through the water, added considerably to the pleasing effect of the enlivening scene. Shortly after the arrival of the N silver cup was sailed for by five plea surei Y ( afterge' two well-contested rounds, was won by A l7oa a boats Mr. Money's boat, the Star. The different boats and wherries I w u riff which, then moved towards the shore,. where the afternoon Was spent in the enjoyments of the cabin. The Mayor and his party re turned about seven o'clock, towed by the steam packet, and when off Mr. Edmund Preston's garden, the barge brought. up in the middle of the stream: Thousands were assembled on the surrounding banks and shores, to witness the return. of the plea sure boats and wherries, which, however, from the wind being un favourable, did not get down till late. The steam packet was sta tioned alongside the Mayor's barge, the band playing many tine pieces of music, and had it not been for a drenching shower of rain which came down just as the Mayor's barge ar rived, it would have been a completely delightful spectacle. A. rowing rnathh, between two six-oared gigs, finished the diver sions of the day. Notwithstanding the unfavourableness of the weather, the whole went off without an accident, and we scarcely ever remember seeing so many boats up the River, or so much company assembled.—On the second day, Tuesday, although a very unfavourable one, a great number of pleasure boats ven tured on Braydon, to witness a sailing - match for another silver cup, which was won by the Thetis, belonging to Mr. Beckham. There was a l so a swee p sta kes sa il e d for by smaller boats, which, however, did not excite much interest, except for their safety, as there was at the time so much wind as nearly to blow them out of the water. The afternoon proved most un propitious, the wind blowing quite a gale, accompanied with torrents of rain, which however did not damp the spirits of the amateurs of sailing, who weathered the storm with the greatest courage. In the evening, as the boats were returning, a vio lent squall overtook them, when masts, booms, gaffs, bowsprits, gave way in all directions ; one boat, in which was Mr. Stone, ship-builder, and his son, • went down, but fortunately another came up j ust at t h e t i me an d saved their lives. This was the only accident of any consequence during the day.---- Symonds 's Vauxhall Hardens were b,silliantly illuminated both evenings. DRAINING LAKEs IN EfoLLAND.—The States of the 'province of Holland opened their Session on the 7th instant. The G overnor, in i ns • speec i t , i n formed the assembly, that a plan fo r d ra i n i ng the hake o f Haarlem and the Bylineer was under con s id erat i on. He conc l u d e d by holding out a con. fident expectati on of this great undertaking being accomp The Lake of Haarlem, which cotnmunicates with the Zlished. uyder.. Zee by the river Y, is extensive, but not deep ; it is about 14 mile! long, and from 7to 10 broad. According to tradition it was formed hi the year 86D, at the same time thht the-Rhine was intercepted by t h e formation o f san d b an ks n ear Catwyck ; b ut some persons who h ave investi aged the subject, are of opinion , that Wig event must h ave take n pl a ce at a period considerably More recent. published not many ; y ears ago, ves tiges* the Zee dest roye d at once 17 and according to accounts It is•stated i n o ld.chronicles, that an irruption of villages, of habitations were still to be seen. , There is a popular story of a nobleman who re sided in this part of Holland escaping from the great inun dation, in consequence of observing a marine fish in one of the fakes of his e state. , He hence conc l u ded, that the' sea was un dermining pa r t o f the coast which se r v edd- a s a bulivark'againss it, and immedi ate l y removed with hi s family. A contract 'it concluded with regar d .to . the l3y h neery and the works are to commence next spring. ANTIQUARIAN NOTICES. THE BOROUGH AND NEIGHBOURHOOD. The Borough, anciently formed part of the suburbs of London, being connected 'with it by the bridge called London Bridge, though it is now made into one of the city wards, by the name of Bridge Ward Without. Its state in the time of the Romans, and subsequently in that of the Saxons, by whom it was denominated South wark, was that of an immense marsh. It con sists of a principal street about a mile in length, running in a straight line from London Bridge foot to the n edge of Newington' parish, and va rious smaller streets, lanes, courts, and places, and formerly contained five parishes, but by the uniting of St. Mary Magdalen and St. Margaret's parishes, now only five, viz. St. Saviour's, St. George the Martyr, St. Olave, St. Thomas's, and St. John's. On the west side of the Borough, the buildings of St. Saviour's parish, extend by Bankside in Christ Church parish, terminating with the Falcon Inn, or its site. Tooley-street, so called by corruption, from St. Olave's church, which is on its north side, goes off to the east in a line with Bankside to Battle Bridge, and Hors ley, or Horselydown, towards Rotherhithe ; but BermondSey-street branches off the South-east, and extends about half a mile up to the Abbey; and from thence Long-lane turns west to the church. The principal street, or Borough properly so called, from between the Bridge foot and Saint Margaret's Hill, was Sormerly denominated Long Southwark ; thence it took the name of Saint Margaret's Hill as far as St. George's Church, but the whole of this is now called High-street ; and from thence to Stones End it is called Blackman-street. The whole Borough is now esteemed the largest town in England; the houses, according to the Popula tion Returns in 1811, being in number 11,802 — including 1,669 in Christ Church parish, which was taken' from the out-part (or Clink) of St. Saviour's—and its inhabitants 72,119, including 11,050 in Christ Church ; and it has since, in the latter parish particularly, greatly increased in buildings and population. When a subsidy was granted to the King, the Borough was rated at 11,000 marks, which is more than any city, except London : when 70,0001. per month was to be raised for the Militia, in the time of Charles 11. . Southwark paid 1841. 14s. the rest of the county 1,5651. ss. 6d. a proof of its great importance.— In the reign of Edward the Confessor, about 1058, Southwark appears to have been a corpo ration, and was then governed by a bailiff. Wil liam the Conqueror (1066), when he marched to London, not finding its inhabitants disposed to submission, laid Southwark in ashes. It was near this time under the jurisdiction of several Lords; the Archbishop of Canterbury had a share, but it cannot be determined how much : as also the Abbot of Bermondsey and the master of St. Thomas's Hospital ; and a later lord was Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk.—lt appears also that our Kings had a palace at Bermondsey, as well as various of the dignified clergy of old times theirs, in different places, as the Abbots of Bette!, St. Augustin, and Waverley the prior of Lewes, the Bishops of 'Winchester, Rochester, &c.— King Edward VI., on confirming the Borough a ch tf Ili , ivei3bholae g nir; tttss: t : l sto l oiti ril t udi ri laga7toitisl:l l si-a i tbul l . the yi London- b ridge privilege held of Id a and t S h t e . but i va g n nr h it Agt al . -:s re cr k t te r s e e C to t e : was at length foby to o vas its removed ' site. By this Act, which directed it in future to be held in the place called the Triangle, be ing on the site of Rochester-yard, belonging to the Bishops of Rochester, the said Bishop and his successors were empowered, on a surrender of the whole estate, to grant it in separate leases. Whereupon so much thereof as was necessary for the purpose was granted to the churchwardens, &c. of St. Saviour's, at a rent of 141. 13s. 6d.— No provisions, except hay and straw, were to be sold within 1000 yards of the spot, unless by the consent of the churchwardens and overseers. The ground to be purchased, and all buildings, stalls, &c. and the rents and profits, were to be vested in the churchwardens, overseers, and other inhabitants of the parish, and the net profits, after all expellees paid, were to be applied in diminution of any of the parocial rates or assess meets. A convenient market-house was accord ingly erected, and a piece of ground, upwards of 230 feet in length, was appropriated for the stand ing of carts bringing vegetables and other things. The tolls of this market and the standings are let from time to time ; as by advertisements, in which it is expressed that no person bringing vegetables to Winchester stairs has a right to land them without paying wharfage. In 1551 the, Protector Somerset granted to the City of London, in consideration of the sum of 6471.25. ld. paid into the Court of Augmentations, a roes. suage adjoining the mansion of the late Charles Duke of Suffolk, in Southwark ; a second next the broad gate of the said mansion, Moulter's close of fifteen acres in Newington, a close of two acres at St. George's Dunghill, a close in Lambeth Marsh, thirty-nine acres and three roods of meadow, in divers parcels in St. George's Fields, a messuage near Broadgate, two mes seines, one chamber, three stables, and one gar de'', late parcel of the possessions of the said Duke, and all other the lands, &c. purchased of the said Duke by King' Henry Vlll. except the capital messuage called Southwark-place, the Park in Sonthwark, and the rnessuage called the Ant e l o p e , the Lordship and Manor of Southwark, late pertaining to the Abbey of Bermondsey, and other rents and premises therein particularly spe cified, amounting together to the yearly value of 471. 18s. 7.0. Southwark-place here mentioned stood on the site of what is now called the Mint, and was at this time a Royal Palace, and received its present name from the Mint for coinage being situated there. Rochester-house, on the site on which the Borough -market has been described as situated, was anciently a Palace of the Bishops of Rochester, and was purchased of the Prior of St. Swithin at Winchester, to whom it originally belonged. Bishop Heath, in the reign of Henry VIE!, granted to John Standevant the office of keeper of the house or episcopal man iot) and garden adjoining, to the Bishop of Winchester's house. Stowe speaks of it in his time as in a ruinous condition. In 1604 it was let on lease for three lives, at 81. a-year, and afterwards divided into tenements. In 1663 it was let at 20/. It remained of little account until the removal of the market there, as stated. In 1554, Sir Thomas Wyatt, at the time of his insurrection, came with his soldiers, amounting to two thousand men, into Southwark, by Kent and Bermondsey-street, to Saint George's Cha pel. The citizens of London cut down the draw-bridge to prevent his passing into the city, but the people of Southwark received him well ; and many countrymen, who were in the inns, and were meant to join the force sent against him, took his part. Sir Thomas issued a Pro clamation that none of his men should take any thing without paying for it. Some, however, went to Winchester House, and made havock of the goods there, particularly in the library, the books of which they cut and tore to pieces, in such abundance, that Stowe says, men might have gone up to the knees in the leaves so torn. Sir Thomas remained in the Borough three days, but the inhabitants finding that the Governor of the Tower had planted some cannon against the foot of the bridge, and on the steeples of St. Mary Over) , and .St. Olave's churches, became alarmed, and desired him to leave them, which he did, and marched to Kingston, meaning to cross the Thames there, and proceed to London that way, but, in doing so, the citizens of London not joining him, he was soon defeated, taken and exe cuted. In 1642,fortifications were thrown up round London, including Lambeth and Southwark, which were finished with incredible speed, men, Women, and children assisting. In 1647, Par liament, and many of the inhabitants, being dis posed to assist Fairfax's march with his army,.to take possession of the Borough, he sent a brigade under the command of Colonel Rainsborough, to occupy it accordingly. He was then admitted into the works about three o'clock in the morn ing, when finding the gates shut and the portcul lis let down at London Bridge, he placed two pieces of ordnance against the gate, \ and in a short time the great fort was surrendered. A vote of Parliament was passed at the Restoration, for demolishing the ramparts, bastions, and other works of fortification, which encircled the cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark.— In 1666 most of the build ings on the bridge were consumed by the great fire, a few only, which were as ancient , as the time of King John, remaining at the south or Borough end. And in 1676 (May 26) a second great fire burnt the Town-hall and a large part of the town. A judicature, in consequence of this latter calamity, was erected by Act of Par liament, to determine differences as to the pre mises burnt, similar to what , was done after the fire of London.—Near the Bridge-foot, in St. Olave's parish, is a place called the Bridge-house yard, for stowing the necessary materials, &c. for its repair. This place is mentioned in Earl. Warren's grant in 1281 to the Abbey of Bette!, in Sussex. In Stowe's time granaries and ovens were erected here. These premises have been of late years let to Government, for keeping their stores. In 1802 some of these old granaries w e re taken down, and wer e found to b e built of Chesnut. They wer e, b y an inscription found to have been begun vexed on part of them , and finished in 1587 . Amon g the manuscripts h wardens of Lon don-bridge, " That as the Scheu t m an bath often ee BritishwNrliluisieaumm occasion to rise in the night, to come to his C i s an a inpia oir)d,er , , made by Simon ityse and boats, to see the tides as they fall early or late, for the business of the Bridge-house, so•that the porter must open the gates to him at undue times of the night, contrary to the orders made for the same ; which is not only to his great pain arid danger, but to the great peril of the house; as also putting in danger of their lives the persofis who should be within ; they, the wardens, had ordered a lodging to be made at the end of Crane house, within the Bridge-yard, with a chimney, sufficient for two or three persons, that he and his assistants, on such occasions, might retire there and make a fire to warm and dry themselves. But they were not to remain there in the day time. At the Bridge foot was formerly a noted public-house, called the " Nunnes Head," which had been part of the possessions of St. Helen's Nunnery, Bishopsgate-street, and probably de rived its sign from that circumstance. ---Many of the old houses in the High-street still remain. A gentleman at Southampton imprudently taking a shirt from his portmanteau, with a lighted segar in his mouth, accidentally dropped it ; he cautiously took it up, thinking all was safe ; but, on going to bed, the smell of fire was so strong that the portmanteau was opened, when it WAS discovered that a draught for 201., and part of a shirt and handkerchief, were reduced to tinder. COAL-MARKET, JULY 23. Ships at Market. Ships sold . - Price. lq Newcastle - - 14. -33 s 3d to 42g 9(l' 10 Sunderland - - 10 -35 s Ud to 43s Ud 1 Stone Coal - - 1 - —s Oal to fills Od 2 Cubit - - - 2 - —s Ud to 35s 01 JARVIS. On the 23,1 inst., at Crouch-end, the Lady of Joseph Dobin son, Esq.. of Harley-street, of a daughter. Yesterday, at his house in Sloane - st r eet , the Lad y of Valen ine Morris, Esq., of a daughter. • MARRIED. On Saturday, the 19th inst., at St. John's Church, near Worcester, Edward Waldron, Esq., Lieutenant Glst Itegi merit of Foot, to Ann Bate, daughter of John Garnett, - Esq., of the same parish. July 7, Ralph Smith, Esq. of Edinburgh, to Sarah Phillips, 'elde ia st Bridge, of the. IlOn. East lyid • DIED. On the Pith inst., at Aberdeen, Mr. Daniel Burrell, aged 3.2, of the firm of Messrs. Burrell and Sons, of Tokenhonse yard. On the 23d of February last, at Cape Coast Castle, James Swanzy, Esq.; and on the 3d of June, his son, Mr. Henry Swarizy, on his passage thence to England, in the ship Ca ledonia. On the 22d inst., in Foley-place, Miss Ann Winter. January 20, at the Presidency, Madras, Lieutenant and . Ad jutant 'William Graham, of the Ist Battalion 14th Regiment Native Infantry. At Edinburgh, on the 2d inst., Major Walter Mac Gibbon, late of the 57th Regiment, eldest son ; and, at Cadiz, in De cember last, Mr. Archibald Mac Gibbon, surgeon in that city, fifth son of the late Neil MacGibbOn, Esq. Inverary. Printed and Pubhahed for the PROPRJE I attic SIJ OrtnEi 112, Strand, by J. BA: Ants.