The Sun. — London, England, 1846-11-20 00:00:00

DU▪ .- , ..-...........,.....,....,--..---,- ~ Te ll AND GERMAN PAPERS l'l/ 5 I/ in R a AGUE, Nov. 14.-The Ici•ng arrived this morn he t t*• ., Q ,° "'cloels• from his visit to th e orovinee of Lon Itf l : te ; i l s Mujesty left his seat at Vae,h irtslt, se 1 ,- Itt a 4 1 ents at 12 o'clock at night. During his short stay taah... alesty was pleased to grant various favours to 1 ,.., oi the civil and military authorities. ' llern HAGUE, Nov. 15.-His Royal Highness the I) s t : ° : ~,of Orange will return from Stuttgard, on the Or LlNJecember. It is expscted that all the members th e e Royal Family will have rsturned to this place by I : 11 6 1 th ° f this month which is his Majesty's birthday. I hibL tlee llencY Count Schim•nel Penninek, newly ap -1)0%117 Ambassador extraordinary and Minister Plenid t 3 / 4 % f l ar7 te the court of London, has been expecte ▪ Wi t , e t some days, but has been detained by constant position. t r t:r B : /I °Abt, Nov. 14.-The s pi r it o f em i gra ti on ap s• to begin in thi s c i ty, several families are going on 1180, 4 sh ip bo un d t o America, with a great number of a. tej av es e _of Zeala n d and the other provinces, who are $ aloe:f,_,&ek their fortune in a foreign land. l Many z at 'l , 4l . s are preparing to follow their example. ~,, t hous •..tottE, Nov. 16.-We understand that the t.., wii condemned for the disorders at Delft, have with kiltakitileir appeal to the Court of Cessation, and have `da r,.. acoss a p et ition for p ar d on. Ne t° (From the Frontier), Nov. 9.-I communi threa Y°ll according to authentic inforinstion that the latio.P.rotecting Powers of' Cracow have taken the res?- • %Wl° Put an end to the independence of the Republic r s-- lb- 1 , 4 so seriously endanger the repose of the neighb u - t: thli2 t r4 o tes ' ti J l d I mmediately to sanction the union of the 1 irelroitisss,r7 with the Austrian states, to which it already - 44,,tazi, previously to 1809, As the Prusianand are saidetc?onlmissioners, at the conference in s Vienna, ar tinge some h ave been authorised by their Courts to - '-ovre commercial matters interesting to the three 14-.jet ni t t l a i e s l t t ,, ll °_ l 4 being obliged previously to refer to II • PPear 8 ' 'lts retersbur and as these relations do not ° "'" SaParticulard'ffi 1 i . 11._. p low a , )7 i cu Les, it may be taken der4.,, t hat within a few days, the publication of - , a4On ~,.:1, cmt ere '' 144 tak place in Cracow, and . you maY, a . o i ion . te llai ' eeasider the b l•t" of the Republic and the c m of thi s l• .fine, Ts_ little territory with Austria, a s s a a u lr i e n a d d e y . Pndaet-'autut(lcioltitinued existence of Cracow, ull:Oath, • Ile been recognised as incompatible a with th u e . ertna e , °f the Polish territory, and the safety f ° Peratt " 941 (1 the three powers, which without the Co. Co lt ~.._ nreD,,,7aVathy, nay, the slightest help of any d a ,''ra by ,V Power, had established the Republi h c,.as . t tl y7 _titn e , - ,... a Y of trial, whether a shadow of Poli fi s na r ly th ai ,..‘ooli e h th "ere still possible, resolved at length I , lt -s hi „ exp ect - a - s t tir own work, which had not answered ' lunti° had 6 , 1 "3. I said the foundation of the R . e . - ' 4 ., 4%.2,.-7 ,and b -ett ,olade by way of trial,. as both °rip '' ate" by I I se Paequent conventions, it . was expressly . its ones shoal e protecting powers, that, in case circum of the ii.l,lblic render the continued existence should be h e d 7.l,gerous, or less advisable, bins st a iW,,_o the country agaT united l with . Austria . . h ...._ b 1 ti7nraent of the Republic was, therefore, coin L'Posel, ° Powers, with a conditional duration, either 1 °.„t. " e r in obscure anticipation of subsequen 114 s aattlet , Mast ed 'Nov.lasetd 13.---The following cabinet . order has • ha.. - "' l loas - ,„ ... re 11, ‘ Pecting gun cotton, and other similar by oe of As the explosive substances known ra b t y iu t n li s e , bltt7°gpsen:,eotton, and other similar preparations, tt o tions of cotton wools, &c., which, re • ep o .,7r rapid explosion, are at least as Angerous ti - spo rt of Ta k er, I hereby order in consequence of your . ~,•40tirh-,., the 27th of last month, that from this time, k‘Srlt the extension of the whole monarchy, that 44 4 % tr aa th ti res, and police ordinances, and penalties, t. • dat sal e of m anufacture, safe keeping, transmit ev i e n n g i ho , sbair°PoWder, at present existing, to • I j t ip s edn ; •.-.. fully applicable in respect to th.eparbove ,7l ortie,-alinfacture. You are to publish this decree ' le."'• 6, i " r, in the Bulletin of the laws.-Sans Souci, usi a , 8 46,..... ~h,..L ‘ er of Si gned,s._ FREDERICK WILLIAM.-To the -- '°erg ''''te Von Bodelschwingh, Uden, and Von ( ....., D __ i -% rassian State Gazette, Nov. 14. ..,_Ths• ..........................---- At qbA ----------- TN aw - iPeei s i ----. RAILWAY COMPANY. • Vatti t h i , - ; general meeting of the shareholders in this „ siiL l ta, itig al ,' was h eldyasterday afternoon, at the London 181 1 M1 f -"°PagAte-Street, for the purpose of receiving be ; jthe directors upon the progress of the to.`aetti.'-r• Thomson Hawkey in the chair. isiutrat 14 stated etated that the number of shares applied_ itl e: as tt et k plid oldy B t l a l t 7 , but, as there were only 12,000 to . be in , number was allotted, and the deposits lo kr% r e 'l 1 1,245, yielding 28,1121. 10s. The tti ll iter ularlYed, With the branches, &e., were much v a) ,. il le other ha con templated in the first instance; but, • te - '' ealieb °ad, however, the traffic was found to be at:Peusuad grad' than was estimated, and . amply N a t jf the ii ae • r the increa.ed outlay, while the klro,; :i t° ais l e 'Quid not exceed 9,4001. . It was pro ' local ' 411 ' 1 114 . 1• en act of incorporation from . ta goYere,„&34ations would be entered into with the l ea in retu' r gel lt for .- ri w ay on n f or t ,_ obtaining benefit commensurate advan - 1 6, 6424 1i the i s t , "_ to be conferred by the 41 62/. 1 8 ' 6d., °°.• The receipts . amounted to ' hi 4 is. 2d i .I'4lde the expenditure reached_ o. ' • e 13 Sl '' eav lng balance of D r b ' 61. 13 8 n a 14.0621. 7s. 2d., l 4I N . 1 4515 WRI NG • . 0 d • was invested in Exchequer-bills. ,'.. kiMenhi therefore aid report moveighly approved of the :Rre.e/41,.,?,Z°24 secOndettilts adoption. but he thought ‘'.`0144 Planation ought to e be ll g oio e n n ; as to the negotia , littring on with the local government. -, 11,:c It few words from the Chairman, Igo' resolution tr i het*. k oz _ as put and unanimously agreed . to. p ,,e t A then moved, " That, in the opinion of the . iit7t 4 of 1 11:11 °, 48 some concession, either . in . the shape of_ illjtett, %, "us or of a guarantee of a Timmurnrnaotet to p r ,,,, er e Made by the colony, the . line ought ' *Lk ro c With.. which was carried unanimously. t . -14,; q confid i ence in the chairman . and directors , . ititteel l to,-and the meeting terminated. :tlip , a _ ad . ° Vhe '"' CIT Y IMPROVEMENTS. in the Ses litia°l4 g ll t'ned meeting of the ward . of Farringdon et la ou 4 3 held on Wednesday morning, • e Ward'l!' Old Bailey -Sir James Duke, Alderman or, /1( presiding. that the • *Z . th kitilliit___ moved a resolution to the effect , Of Z of tou ..e3 Or the . poorer classes inh . abitiug the City ~ tfe,4 l lfi e " Teeter importance than h ak lad b e t • l founded upon the resolu otuda tnemoria , t e requirements %Zell b ,presented to the Court of Common Not ?° the - '44 & "I% Lynch, and supported by the other L titio, oncilinen of the ward. In supporting , % , r th e , Th e 8 t ell e0,,,p0 peaker adverted to the culpable neglect ' 4 ,74 the ve r , ll l, l ° l l of those sanatory measures upon %Oi l t t ,.,'"eti,4 "yes of the poor depended. ka t. t-,,,,thedofilleconded the resolution, and called atten• ("Vett.' Inti tahl elell Y o ,f water in the city of London, the uire e , -I ._°4 lea,.° dwellings for the poor, and expressed a 't •lud irp.'" B blight be found to widen the thorough )._ ss o „. -.p ro ,. ' -'44s lll l44 att •"il ta% .6 0 , t he Poor localities at the same time. •••'"•• e ' "'hi uer gentlemen spoke in support of the to oh: -6 4 ti k °I oh : -6 C e it „ - -XT Wit Cohen rut and carried unanimously. • s aid tons or e t , aa ..e the . -"jeer °* (411 - y d adoption of a memorial agede by tb ge d ag li c"°° , Council, which f • e CO 48 t the new street proposed to be set forth the all or ,„ . te. '441311,4 1., 11ti cost of 530,0001., and health, lie e‘ok to h, . -ula te on, at a ea th l a y, a doption , I - Ind' such measures as were „oe i s , ' eUeb „"°lltble to the promotion of the pub .% R L: .Itrrn,..9 the au poly *":, th e completion of the City sewerage di aa i t zio st ~ last . Pry of water-the widening of a -oust a , an courts, many of which are now . 1•1 0 'the building ts of fever and other preventib_ a le . e to g I ,„ n 1 41,- *(1 t1 (" r ! 11 of suitable residences for the 1 ~_see , „ •oes t ,li ti order to relieve the present over -44 C' It s al 4"the suppression of intermural in . L t.tl isted Ekli thfiel t rVf is knackers' yards, • tir_orlono t ° ens - ` ar het, with other improvements cal . - " 9. 14, - arEltt er f ,, e 'or the inhabitants of the city of Th • t h ,b i p,..._ . -42"0131 from epidemic and contagious lag - '` u°l1 -al 0 0 , . ale g' sad wa il s °Pied three quarters of an hour in :44tehtleta,• ltitkirisFo:,°°uPtre.d.,,unanimously. aoriai) Laving ex reItICRARD TAYLOR, and other ssed their strong approval of the ' iti •'"' (.1 p - a- 1 4.1 4 . 4 „, ,i l. ' t ° he left w ho he thought the memorial too im- Mary lie tho ugh t in the hands of the Common l I._ also - 6.' it should be sent to the Home .- f : 11 s.trv W ia l ' O'Ved rt. of —sticr of St luat the memorial be sent to the - th 'sod . ate, to the Commissioners of Woods and . • _tke tz , 10 the CO the , ' ', tit.. oh-i:_ ,nunissioners for the Improvement littk.kolicr_4l3, Which was agreed to. t o l c i r iyi ed it 'A il then addressed the meeting at great ‘` m leti i: trie le a r e ng been agreed to that the memorial t is e h., upt• circulation, a vote of thanks was ~, XI I , , 41ri zeo• and the meeting broke up. ...ski. tottit:t"------.... ttkestitilOt. BORDERS ON THE BIRMINGHAM STOCK ` l ll l4 :ft% hay b I e! IVIING RAM, WEDNESDAY NICHT.- .% Bh o -.18 k ,.,,,, men Made to discover the perpetrators at• h 3: whorir..q,.. ‘frauds, but hitherto without success. 'Cort - ,74! fou ed. `"cled the order to the porter has not i -,70L-1111, th u parties to insure success, the Aa a proof, however, of the determined it might be men ,,-sre, ,„ orders were sent to no less than three L.Flui The affair is a mystery. 47t ai m k- eota l.s . s rt 14 soonest, 2-I')ALL*---Wednesday night the grand 4 ti end s - , 1 1.'"u aid of the funds of the Association of ,oa t Poland, took place at Guildhall under 1/2lt cons °f more than usual attraction and splen -.tols. Wt ti very Vtire„, 4ll ( l PerZnum.ercusly attended, upwards of ,li oh - "'ed i o f a being present, some few of whom INllsersed„....Terley costume. Amongst those present 174 y tan, pit,!;°ras Hertford, Granville, Munster, 1 010 a bate Dudley C. Stuart; Lady M. Fox, 1 tt.1474 1/ 0 ' . . t1 -.., 11 r . Mrs. D. Darner, Mr. and Mrs. k h i 1 3r $n 41.,,,,5• Abbot, Hon. Captain Jocelyn, 1•1 1 4 '. ' 11 0 0w Jknox, T. Milner Gibson, Lord A. - 0 1 4 nourable c p•Villiers, k mi,,. k. s m • • •Montague Gore, I ,s, o ,a 1,/,„,_ Ith, M.P., and lady, Mr. and Mrs. ,_' l ttei l "oeri fi , " ir "eY, the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress, -.q tis,,, L •t her, pit' ke q ui rtrd and lady, Aldermen Johnson, eke? 1. °44 8 1 , 8 9 n, Hooper, and Sir J. Duke, Baron • a _re kt haod _"ltasclale and the Misses Dimsdale. ives,itilltbo r:rruZphlied the music; Messrs. Bathe and l'st a . i , t wen t off rae 9tat and in both departments • l t d korilkotsiat SatlBfaetorily. % L i te t h „ t illY e veni !° MR. THOMAS WARLEY, M.P.- ~;Pa tighta f th e ,'g a public meeting was held at the to a l . to h _ t,ngel Inn, Islington, to consider what 1 1 -ti qs 7k e t hei - L ut r lc o e_o by the inhabitants of Finsbury Op, 4 special"? bation of the great services of Mr. g4 ed ~."o h is ni. .r In the late investigation at Hnu . n . -, , a. I. •`) klit' - ' lllll ess and c onsideration so materially 'ti t . Ylich 'gate th h a e ta wi t! , C _„ a horror s of the flogging system." t,th ',PUN ? ~,,,,,,°°ed to the chair, and suggested that ot's- , Jourozx3nt e t a ° very thi n l y alatthZ, Letzi letters fro a fat attended, there should ure day. The secretary, Mr. teio*.e., D r , 130 „__, Mr. Collett, M.P., Mr. T. Dun -44444:4 sire - '` + i sire ,gent,l7,„ in e g i ; ".P " . Mr. Douglas Jerrold, , inclosing subscriptions, and i ~. isseir e • the 'hs ci to co-operate in the movement. kr. Kevin' the p . , and others, VI were sojourned. haying addressed ROYAL ARTILLERY. privateer, Meteor • was present at the destruction of twenty-seven sail of vessels in the Connecticut River; at the attack on an American privateer, the Neufchatel, in 1814; and at the capture of the American frigate, President, in 1815; was flag captain of her Majesty's ship Princess Charlotte, 104, in all the operations on the coast of Syria and the bombardment of St. Jean d'Acre in 1840. Captain Lord John Hay, C. 8., a Lord of the Ad miralty, lost an arm when midshipman of the Seahorse, when serving in her boats, cutting out enemy's vessels in Hieres Bay, in 1804. Commodore, in command of a small squadron, and a battalion of marines, on the north coast of Spain, during the civil war, and frequently engaged with the Carlist forces in 1836. Captain Sir G. A. Westphal was a midshipman of the Victory, in the battle of Trafalgar, and wounded; was again wounded in defending a merchant-vessel against a French 20-gun ship; was senior lieutenant of the Belle isle, 74, at the capture of Martinique; commanded a sub division of gun-hoats at the attack on Flushing, in 1809; was in the Loplacable, at the defence of Cadiz, in 1810; commanded the boats of a squadron at the attack and capture of the Anaconda, I Si, and a 10 gun schooner, in the Susquehanna in 1813, and for his dis tinguished gallantry on that occasion was promoted to commander, and appointed to command the Anaconda, the vessel he assisted in cutting out; commanded the brig at the operations in America, and the exp' dition against New Orleans; was captain of the Jupiter, when she con veyed Lord Amherst to China, and on his return had the honour to be knighted. MR. COBDEN AT SEVILLE. (From the Manchester Guardian.) We have been favoured with a copy of the Diario de Sevilla, of the 4th instant, from which we lean . ' that several merchants, landowners, and public functionaries gave a banquet to Mr. C , ,bden, at Seville, on the 2d inst. The chair was taken by Senor Miguel Chacon y Duran, director of the Economical Society of Seville, seven members of which were present. Senor Chacon pro posed the toast of ",11r. Cobden and the application of his ideas to the economical state of Spain." Mr. Cobden replied to the following effect in English, which was translated by Senor Alberto Prats y Soler : " Gentlemen, I return you my most sincere thanks for the kind reception which you have given me in the beautiful capital of Andalucia. I am aware that, per sonally, I am not entitled to the consideration with which you so generously treat me. I have, however, had the pleasing satisfaction of finding at Seville a great number of enlightened individuals, who share those principles of which I have sought to be the interpreter. As I have already thanked you for the expression of your kind ness, scarcely anything remains for me to say. If I had been a Spaniard, I should have given you the trouble of listening to a lon g s p eec h . I should have endeavoured to show that free trade would confer the greatest bene fits on this country, that it would cause activity in your ports and markets, that it would enrich your agricul ture, and that it would render your finances prosperous. I should have inculcated the moral advantages which re sult from the mutual communication of nations. I could have drawn you a very lively picture of the pacific bene fits which would ensue from the general adoption of the principles of tree trade. I could have demonstrated to you that nations greatly differing from each other, if it were possible for them to communicate their ideas, lay ing aside their mutual prejudices, would gain extraor dinarily by the acquisition of information which would be useful to the country, and would increase its enlight enment. I should enlarge with pleasure on these prin ciples, were I a Spaniard; but, as an Englishman, I think it more delicate to leave the defence of them to Spa niards, in order that I may not be blamed for seeking to propagate, beyond my own country, doctrines of which the advantages are sufficiently known. I believe, how ever, that, in this enlightened assembly, there are per sons who, with the eloquence natural to their nation, will know how to defend successfully these princi pies of humanity and philanthrophy upon which it is not allowable for me to expatiate. I am glad that after I have communicated my sentiments to you, you will respond to them by showine , the state of the country, and the appli cations of my doctrines of which it is capable, which it is not for me to explain. In conclusion, I would wish to propose a toast in favour of Andalucia ; but I experience a difficulty in finding one in a country privileged by nature, and abounding in every kind of produce. What can I desire for this country ? A single thing is want ing to double its wealth—freedom of trade. Let us drink to its attainment." Other toasts, amongst which were the healths of the ladies of Seville, and of Mr. Schwabe, Mr. Cobden's travelling companion, were pro posed and drunk; and several speeches were delivered by Senores de los Rios Prats y Soler, and other gentlemen. Deputy Adjutant-General's Office, Woolwich, Nov. 16, THE STEAM NAVY of ENGLAND. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—The distinguished position given to my first letter upon the above important " arm of our strength" in your journal of the 10th ult. emboldens me to return to the subject, in the endeavour to prove by a few further remarks how foolishly the Government have been squan dering money upon steam frigate building, and what useless encumbrances the most expensive war steamers yet in the navy are at this moment. In my former remarks upon the " Retribution," I observed, with regard to the gross miscalculations of her capabilities to fulfil efficiently any of the purposes for which she was constructed, that " either the constuctor should have known his vessel would be ruined and use less if such tremendous power (800 horse to 1,600 tons) were given to her, or the engineer should have known that his engines were by far too powerful for the vessel, and protested against the waste of his strength ofmaterials' by having them placed in a vessel whose capabilities were not sufficient for their support." Since those remarks ap peared, I have been informed that the engineer did pro test against the injury which would certainly accrue to his name and work if the Government persisted in their order of having so much horse-power given to so little tonnage. That the protest was not attended to is too obvious to need a declaration of the fact ; and the result is, that a steamer which cost the country upwards of 91,0001. in construction merely, is now lying in Ports mouth harbour a useless log upon the water. Here, then, is atonce one, and the chief, cause of the failure of our system of steam-ship building for war purposes. The Government order a vessel to be built without consulting the engineer upon the subject; they finish the hull, which is all perfection (to them) ; and then in the very limited space which they leave for their reception, they order the engineer to place his engines. He remonstrates, says his engines of the required power will not go into, much less work well in, the space left open for their reception. The reply is peremptory, " you must make them go in, or we will apply to another engineer who will ;" and this is the cause why nearly all the steamers which have latterly been constructed have turned out miserable and expensive failures. That this short-sighted and discre ditable system does not prevail elsewhere than in the Government contracts is proved by the fact of merchant steamers being so vastly superior for all purposes to those of Government. Why is this ? Because in the merchant service the engineer and the shipwright have something in common ; there they calculate the means allowed them before they begin their work; the engineer, in short, works with the shipwright; and the result is the production of some of the most beautiful and perfect model models of steam-ship building ever launched. If this beneficial communion between the scientific bodies were pursued in the Government establishments, we never should see such disgraceful exhibitions as the Re tribution and Avenger, " laying np" from sheer inability to perform any of the duties for which a steam•frigate is essentially intended. The Sphynx steam-sloop of 1,056 tons and 500 horse power, is another instance of the monstrous overpower ing of our steam-vessels, and will, doubtless, prove a similar failure to the Retribution, from the same caw. Nor is the Terrible, of 1,847 tons and 800 horse power, built by Lang, any more valuable as a war-steamer than any of the so-called " intuitives." It is true sbe has a 9:reater proportion of tonnage in comparison with her horse-power than her defeated rival, and is, therefore, upon the face of the performances hitherto recorded, the greater failure of the two. The cost of building this huge steamer is officially stated at the enormous sum of 101,3511. I—actually more in amount than the cost of building a two-decker of 90 guns I And which would be the more profitable and serviceable ship to the country of the two ? lam inclined to think the latter in every point. Much has been said about the Terrible's fighting armament, high encomiums having been written upon her for carrying 16 guns, and being particularly smart in saluting ; but of what use would her 16 guns be against any 16-grin sloop in the service, of one-fourth her tonnage ? Why, the latter would capture her or sink her. There never was a more monstrously absurd idea fostered than that broadside guns can ever be of the slightest effective use in steamers. No steamer in the world, upon the principle of those under notice, can ever fight at broadside. Where, then, can be the utility of the much-vaunted main-d,ck armament of the Terrible ? This vessel, which cost in construction and fitting for sea more t,t,) horne m on ey rnrsr,egar, than tev.ai ielsg. a,more a ,so or s cor e a c ltol o hef n ad d oaa - n i t • yh a , tafisethnol "fine pfn sailer,-b" f o i yi f et - 17rbi,4;tat engagelcel a, sh i p d , a a t n t d h e whose class a goodt present in the service, is called a "fine sailer," a "good sea-boat," " stears easy," and stands up stiff under canvass. Taking all these hackneyed encomiums for granted, ought she not to do all these things well, considering the very " stiff" price she has cost th e coun t ry ? With her tubular boilers her captain says he can work up to 1,100-horse power ! If so, what sea can withstand her progress, and how will her hull appear after twelve months' commission? But it is not my intention to occupy your invaluable space by commenting upon the failure of our steamers, so much as to point out the cause of that failure, and thereby suggest an easily practicable remedy for the evil. No efficient steam-vessel will ever be turned out of the Government dockyards until there is a more solid combination of the scientific elements used in their con struction than at present exists—a more stable co-opera tion between the shipwright and the engineer. To this end, then, should the future orders of the Government respecting the building of war steamers be directed ; and when the t great desideratum is obtained, there will be no repetitions of the blunders which have been so conspicuous in the build and armament of all the steamers, or nearly all hitherto placed upon the British navy list. To what end steamers can be best applied as " war steamers," and what duty alone they can ever be calcu lated upon to perform with credit and certainty, I must reserve for the subject of another letter, having tres passed so much upon your space by this. Nov. 14. NAUTIC US. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. ..SlR,—Observing in your paper of this evening a para graph, as from a correspondent, respecting a meeting held last evening in the Southgate-road for the purpose of establishing an improved investment and building society, so much at variance with the truth, I cannot help calling your attention to the subject. I beg respectfully to inform you that the meeting was a full one, and highly respectable, and every question answered to the entire satisfaction of every person present ; indeed, so much so that the person who asked the most pertinent questions subscribed for eight shares, and the greatest difficulty was experienced by three gentlemen in taking down the names of members ; and the result was that from 100 to 150 shares were sub scribed for before the room was closed. I am perfectly aware of your love of j us ti ce , an d h ave , therefore, taken the opportunity of showing how you have been imposed upon by some person calling himself " a correspondent." I am, Sir, yours respectfully, BENJAMIN BINGLEY. Shoreditch, Nov. 17, 1846. THE YOUNG POET'S HYMN. (From an unpublished Opera, entitled Life according to Law. By Ebenezer Elliott.) Tune, "Luther's Hymn." To live in vain! to live in pain! To toil in hopeless sadness! Is this the doom of God-like man, Oh, God of Love and Gladness? Not so the rose in summer blows; Not so the moon her changes knows; Not so the storm his madness. From storms that rock the oak to sleep, Thy woods their beauty borrow; And flowers, to-day, unheeded weep, Whose seeds will live to-morrow; So man, by painful ages taught, Will build, at last, on truthful thought, And wisdom won from sorrow. Else, what a lie were written wide, By thy right hand, my Father, O'er all thy seas, in crimson dyed When Morning is a bather; O'er all thy vales of growing gold; Or where, on mountains black and cold, Thy clouds to battle gather. —People's Journal. The engagement of Madame Anna Bishop will comber. She terminate at Drury-lane on the 23 d of De ember. She will then go on a tour through the pro vinces, where she has innumerableengagements to fulfil. Mr. Templeton has returned to London after a very successful trip to America. DISCOVERY IN LIVERPOOL or Two RUNAWAYS.— On Saturday two very respectably-dressed and intelli gent young men, apparently just out of their teens, were brought before Mr. Rushton, on a charge of having been found in possession of large sums of money and a brace of loaded pocket pistols. They gave their names John Hampson and Thomas Dickenson. Inspector M'Donald stated that about six o'clock on the morning of that day (Saturday), he received information that there were two young men in a p u bli c -h ouse , in the Old Hay market, with l arge sums of money a b out t h em , w hi c h they were sp en di ng freely, and a brace o f l oa d e d pis tols, which th ey were ever and anon tak i ng out an d ex hibiting to the bystanders. He immediately went to the house, and, finding the two prisoners there, he re quested of them to accompany him to the Police-office. They went along the streets together, and the inspector asked Hampson how much money he had in his pos session. He replied that there were 100 sovereigns in a bag. On searching the bag, however, 140 were found. Then he was asked how much money he had in his purse, to whi c h h e replied, from ten to t wen ty so vereigns. The purse c on t a i ne d s ixteen sovereigns. They had a va riety of wearing apparel in their trunks. Mr. Rushton a s k e d whether their pistols were really loaded?. The inspector replied in the affirmative. Hampson said that his mother had given him the money before he left home, and Dickenson expressed a hope that the magistrate would dispatch some person for their parents without delay. They said their parents would be found at the house of Mr. John Hampson, Nottingham. Mr. Rushton remanded them, and directed Mr. Superintendent Brown to communicate with their parents. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—There is one poic,t in the letter of Nauticus ' " published in the Times of this day, whi c h, c o m i ng f rom so esteemed an authority, will tend in my opinion to mislead. I allude to his complaint of the excessive power of our war steamers. Sir, the error has been all the other way ; and I wish to show that by proper gow, the C or k an d application of it great power is most advantageous and safe. Let us take the merchant steamers , which "Nauticus" bLeridveeernp,oohlavteothGe samelas proportion a s th e Retribution, are wor ked at hi g her p ressures and in con stant service ; blow h i g h blow low, the y make t heir admires. Lon o n the The A passage and do not break down. The Ajax has one horse power to two tons. Ilcr owners are building the Minerva, of 700 tons and 415- horse power, being an increase upon the above. The Ajax will make her passage in 25 hours to Plymouth with a heavy cargo ; no Government vessel would be near her. The City of London will reach Aberdeen in 40 horse. The Princess Royal will in 14 hours land her passengers at Glasgow from Liverpool. Surely, if this speed is at tainable in tea-going cargo-carrying vessels, and main tained with regularity, there is virtue in large cylindern and plenty of steam. Compare with these the Driver, Cyclops, Gorgon, &c., of large tonnage, less room, and smaller power. Why, after a succession of failures, Sir W. Symonds or his draughtsman is permitted to build another vessel, I leave others to say: in a merchant's yard he would have launched one, and no more. Without being more harsh than truth demands, it is not too much to say that his opportunities for learning by practice have been immense, and that he seems to be a slow scholar. Be sides, the nation should not be charged so high for his education. A DUTCH PICTURE.—As the day got on, and the canals closed in, a more varied range of objects presented itself to relieve 'the monotony. Huge, dreamy-looking cows—dappl e d and white an , d oran g e-brown —laying " their happy lengths along" in meadows, just as Paul Potter painted them, with a willow or so for background; and peeping above that, the sail of a barge, in some water-path not seen ; small farm-houses, each with a fan of trim me d t rees pressed aga i nst i ts f ace — pre t ty an d cool enough t o l oo k at, in such bl az i ng weat h er, b ut which, u n d er a gloomy, spongy sky, must, methinks, make a house unaccountably dismal and unhealthy. And then, what windmills ! as grand and bold in their forms, some of them, as the Martello tower or beach th eir paraphernalia scene brave, r a ve ; e b e u m t e ye fcreatures hood fifty-fold a e r s I d i c s h e oi r w e m w ings s n n ft lighthouse, whi c h ma k es so capita l an artist p t i l o right many balcony-girdle ofaall them thatched ; and then, of that soft mouse-grey colour, than which nothing is sweeter to the eye; most enlivened by some accident—of gay garment dangling from the sail; or jolly miller, with his scarlet waistcoat and his pipe; or some fair, ample miller's daughter, a creature not exactly for Alfred Tennyson to sing , but for Mieris, or Maas, assuredly, to paint. I have seen no single building, guiltless of architectural pretence, so sumptuously handsome as these windmills ; and light them up with such a harvest moon as is now glowing— and bring along the canal beneath them a slow gliding track-boat, with its hand f u l of l ife (and tire) on board— and the dusky figure of the poor little towing-boy, who trudges along the bank—and you get a picture ready made, such as I, at least, shall always value as among the choicest in my gallery.—People's Journal. A PEEP INTO SHERWOOD FOREST. --Scarcely were we seated in our pleasant hut when there came birds of various kinds, yellowhammers, gorse-linnets, with their rosy breasts, pied wagtails, and the graceful yellow wagtails, winchats of the richest colours, titlarks, and wheatears—all came to drink and cool themselves. It was beautiful to see them in their happy freedom, be lieving themselves unobserved by man. Into the trans lucent waters they waded up to their very necks, twittering, and even singing s in their delight ; and some stood perfectly still, enjoying the cool liquid as it streamed through their feathers ; and others dipped, and fluttered it over their bodies, and made a ruffling and a scuffling in the brook that was truly delightful to see. As these flew away, others were continually coming and taking their places. It was evi dently a fashionable bathing-place with them, and that obviously because the stream here was shallow, running over the clear bright gravel most temptingly and accom modatingly. It was a peep into the life of these lowly but lovely creatures which is rarely attained, and for the rareness of which we have to thank our tyranny. The happy creatures seldom stayed long ; the sense of duty lay even upon them. They had their household cares, and their young families, in the bushes, and amidst the shaggy retreats of the moorland.—People' s Journal. ELECTION OF CHAIRMAN FOR TH E WEST KENT QUARTER SESSIONS. —At an adjourned general session for West Kent, held at Maidstone on the 27th ult., a communication, by letter, addressed to the Earl of Rom ney, was made to the m agistrates, of the resignation of the Chairmanship of the West Kent Quarter S e ssions by Joseph Berens, Esq., and in consequence of which an ad journed sessions was appointed to be held on Tuesday last for the purpose of appointing a successor to the office. Accordingly between forty and fifty of the magistrates assembled at the Court House, when the Earl of Romney, being proposed to fill the office by Thomas Law Hodges, Esq., seconded by Lord Sidney, that Nobleman was unit- AiluiritolY " Nauticus" alludes to the Retribution as a complete failure. I know, Sir, that her captain, on trying to steam her head to wind in bad weather, bore up for fear of found er i ng. Now, reduce the effective power, as it is reduced in a heavy sea, and this surely is enough. I thick Nauticus" hard on the Terrible, for from what her performances have been it is early yet to judge of her merits. The Sphinx I saw on her trial in the river; her im mersion was absurd. I understand her floats have been since reefed; but on looking at our merchants' steamers I do not find such doctoring necessary. All merchantable engines now work up to 90 per cent. above nominal power, the lighter boats far more; yet they work and last and do their duty, though pushed as no Government boat are. The truth is, all the surveyor's ships have a tendency to sink ; no exact calculation appears possible of the load water line with him. As to the stowage, &c., I believe it is equally bad, but it is foreign to my question. I go heartily with "Nauticus" in his recommendation that, in or out of the Government yards, builders and engineers should work together. Times are changed. The India ships of Green and others are as fine vessels and sail better than men•of-war; our merchant steam navy is the finest existing. Let Mr. Ditchburn, Mr. 0. Lang, Mr. Napier, of Glasgow, Mr. Laird, of Liverpool, and others build as they design, with their own chosen engineers, steamers of war, to be taken if successful, to be left on their hands it' failures; and I am sorr' for you, Sir William, but you must do better, much better, or they will beat you out of the field. A CIVILIAN. • GRAY'S INN, Nov. 18.—T. Augustine Sargood, Esq., and Robert Rouiere Pearce, Esq., were this day called to the degree of barrister-at-law by the Eon. Society of Gray's Inn. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 20, 1846. IRELAND. PUBLIC WORKS -LABOURERS. DUBLIN, Nov. 17.—The Clare Journal received to-day contains the following : " ENNIS, Nor. 16.—At the present time men cannot be procured by the farmers for the purpose of performing the necessary agricultural work. We know of some in stances where labourers refused to accept of 7s. a week, subject to no deductions for days when the weather would not permit them to work, and preferred to take their chance of employment on the public roads. The farmers cannot afford, under existing circumstances, to give higher wages than the above, and the consequence is, the land is neglected ; and the evil effects of such neglect upon the country in the coming year must be obvious to all. " We must again revert to the various outrages which are still being perpetrated throughout the country. Last week another horse was shot at Carahan, within a short distance of the police barrack, the property of Mr. J. P. Malony, of Cregg, on returning home from leaving some wheat at Ennis mill to be ground into flour for the use of his family. Another poor man of the name of Whelan, who had also brought in 211 ass load of wheat for the same purpose, had his ass shot at Cranaher, when re turning home. What is peculiarly distressing with re gard to such outrages is the confidence with which these I iwless ruffians perform their deeds of violence, not being apparently under the slightest apprehension of being arrested by the people around. We have also received the following account of a serious outrage on the public works, from our correspondent at Newmarket-on- Fergus ; " An altercation took place on the 11th, on the new line of road making to Fenloe, between a man named M'Namara, who had been some time before a gangsman in charge of a few men, and a man named Lyons, the gangsman recently placed over him, when M'Namara struck him two awful blows of a hammer on the head, which has placed his life in imminent danger. On hear ing of it, Mr. Heard with some police were soon on the spot, and made every exertion to find the fellow, but he had fled. It is believed he has been arrested since, through that gentleman's exertions, though not as yet brought in. " At the late presentment sessions held in this town for the barony of Islands, a memorial for an ' extra ordinary sessions to present for new and reproductive works,' was forwarded to his Excellency the Lord-Lieu tenant. We find by his Excellency's answer that he re fuses the prayer of the memorial, on the ground that there has been already a sum of 17,0001. granted for works in the barony. The following is the reply which has been received to the above memorial : " 6 Dublin Castle. " Sir,—ln reference to the memorial signed by you and other magistrates and cess-payers assembled at Ennis at road sessions, requesting that an extraordinary presentment sessions may be convened for the barony of Islands, I have the honour to inform you that upwards of 17,000/. having been already sanctioned for the relief of destitution in that barony, and which his Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant trusts will meet the distress which may be expected to exist during the winter months, his Excellency does not consider it expedient at the present moment to convene another session. I have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient servant, " T. N. REDINGTON. " Bindon Blood, Esq, ' J, P., Cranaher." MILITARY FORCE IN CLARE. The Vice-Chairman of the Ennis Relief Committee, Thomas Mahon, Esq., has received the following reply to the memorial of the relief committee, praying that the division of cavalry now here should not be re moved : " Dublin Castle, Nov. 12, 1846. " Sir,—l beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 20th inst., and the accompanying memorial from the Ennis Relief Committee, and to acquaint you that it is not intended that the cavalry force now stationed at Ennis should be removed for the present.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, " T. N. REDINGTON. " T. Mahon, Esq., Ennis." COUNTY OF ARMAGH. The Armagh Guardian contains the following : "Fellows' Hall, Armagh, Nov. 16. " Sir,—On going up to my church (Killilea) yester day morning, I found the accompanying notice posted on one of the pillars of the churchyard gate. The only comment I shall make on the document is, that from my long acquaintance with the peaceable cha racter of the inhabitants of this immediate neighbourhood, I feel satisfied that none of them have been concerned in so discreditable a trans action, which I would rather ascribe to some of those itinerant incendiaries who occasionally traverse the country on their errands of mischief. The corner of the paper having been torn off before it met my eye, some words are wanting, but the imagination of your readers will not be heavily taxed in the attempt to supply the hiatus, to which the previous part of the production furnishes a key. " I shall only add, that the wording of the document being so superior to the spelling, the defects in the latter respect may be nothing more than a ruse to render the fraternity of the act less easy of detection. " I am, Sir, your faithful servant, " JOHN C. M`CAUSLAND. " ATTEND TO THIS. " fellow country men. Every thing that the farmer was wont to call his own is now perished under the clod —The chrisis has come when the would be mighty ones of the earth must know the are but men they need not the dare not attempt to ask what the people are unable to pay—We hear daily of publick meetings and the de liberations of landlords—this is all fudge—the are but foxes deliberations for the best method of preserving the geese " Let Landlords if they deserve the name come for ward like men and save the country from ruin the people if they keep any thing to save them from starva tion can only pay one third of the rent they paid in former years—Let them rack renters (and I call all by that name who ask otherwise than as stated above) Re member that he that Witholdeth from man his bread Witholdeth from him his life and the blood is the life thereof " Let landlords take warning in time. " Let all their born bailiffs fear and tremble and re member what was onse written " KILLING NO MURDER " [The remainder of the notice cannot be deciphered, in consequence of its being torn. It refers to • blood, or bread,', and signed—' Preserver.']" DAY OF HUMILIATION AND PRAYER.—Friday next being the day appointed for prayer and humiliation, all the Courts in the Hall will be closed, and public business in the law department will be dispensed with on the occasion. From the same cause the Corn Market, usually held on Friday, will be postponed until Saturday. The Bank of Ireland and other pubhc offices will be closed on Friday. THE CORN MARKET.—At OUT COM exchange, this day, farmers being occupied at field labour, the supply of all kinds of grain was small. Friday's prices were fully maintained in all descriptions, and an advance of 6d. per barrel was paid on grinding barley. LORD RANFURLY AND HIS TENANTRY. The following notification has been issued to the tenants of the Dungannon estates : " The Earl of Ranfurly, anxious for the welfare of the tenantry, and deeply sympathising with them in the loss sustained by the almost total failure of the potato crop, has directed me to make the following uncondi tional reduction on the rents payable to May, 1846, with the exceptions hereafter to be stated, namely— " Labourers' cottages and gardens, where the rent does not exceed 1/., the full year's rent. Rents not exceeding 201., 20 per cent. Rents not exceeding 301., 10 per cent. " The exceptions are as follow:—No abatement will b h eo havinglmade d holding in the leases a dated c town-parks s e of tenants in the or the tenements year e h a r holding l 7 di 9;s n ,o g in or tanleya perpetuity,sye year aor leaseholders, or dp e pre ceding. ceding. No allowance will be made except to those who hold immediately from the office, and for land only in their own occupation. Though there will be a reduction on the full year's rent, no part of it will be made on the half-year due in November, 1845, but only on the half year due at May last. " I trust the tenantry on his Lordship's estate will show themselves fully alive to this unsolicited act ; and evince an equal disposition, by the punctual payment of the rents, to bear a just proportion of a calamity over which only an all-wise Providence has had control. The smaller or labouring classes of tenantry are well aware of the extensive employment afforded by his Lordship, not only in this but other seasons ; and it is desirable for me to make known the great advantage to those tenants that arises from the general rule of the office in this respect, which is, to endeavour to give em ployment to all, more especially at seasons of the year when employment with the large farmer ceases. • " ROBERT WRAY. " Dungannon Estate-office, Nov. 12, 1846." RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. LINES FOR DORSET AND SOMERSET. The publication of the parliamentary notices gives us some little idea of the intentions of the two great compa nies of the West of England, with regard to the hotly disputed districts bet ween E xeter an d L on d on . It i s quite evident that the battle between the Great Western and London and South W es t ern i s to b e conteste d as stoutly as it was last year, when 100,000/. are supposed to have been expended by ea c h, company upon w h at, as far as the public is concerned, tu rne d out a nonent i ty . But it is by no means clear what th e respect i ve compa nies are driving at in the event of a direct line from Exeter to London being refused. To lay upon paper, or trace upon a map, the various p ro j ec t s w hi c h we are about to enumerate, it would app ear th a t t h e ra i lway mania of last year is still raging furiously in the west. Places that are hardly known to the traveller, and are not honoured with a notice on every map, are made the termini of projects which may be intended to bear here after a portion of the important traffic between London and the Land's-end; and the branches from projected lines are so numerous, that it might puzzle the clearest-headed calculator to plan anything like a "time-table" to give general satisfaction. There is one feature in this year's contest quite novel, and that is, that the Great Western, the Wilts, Somerset and Weymouth, and the Bristol and Exeter (lines that formerly were expressed by the title of the first-named) are each in the field in apparently antago nistic attitudes. It has long been known that the Bris tol and Exeter were desirous of forming a directer line from the latter terminus to London ; and a notice is now given for a line from Durston, near Taunton, to Street, near Glastonbury, and from thence running into the Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth, at Ansford, near Castle Cary. This is friendly towards the latter com pany ; but it is curious that the Wilts and Somerset propose a line nearly identical with one projected by the Bristol and Exeter from Bleadon to Wells. Tho Bris tol and Exeter project turns off to Glastonbury, and ends at Street. The Wilts and Somerset passes on from Wells to Shepton Mallett, into Dorset, finding a termi nus at Blandford. A portion of this latter ground is also fixed on by the South-Western, who have a distinct plan for a line from Blandford to Burton. It is also run over by a proposed company (Bristol to Poole) irrespective of either of the two great competitors. The London, Salis bury, and Yeovil have issued notices, but it is under stood that they abandon their intention to make a line, and leave the South-Western to fight this part of the battle with the Great Western: The Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester, stand forward as a distinct scheme, but with power to sell to the South-Western ; and in oppo sition to these schemes for the direct communication, the Great Western propose a line from the Wilts and Somerset at Yeovil, to St. Thomas, Exeter, there joining the South Devon. There is also a notice for an exactly similar line to be made by an independent company (really emanating from the Great Western). Between these projects will the great battle for the communica tion from London to the Land's-end be fought. There are various branches from the Great Wes tern, which we include in the following recapitulation : BY THE BRISTOL AND EXETER.—A branch from the southern bridge of the Uphill cutting, in the parish of Bleadon, through Uxbridge, to Wells, Glastonbury, and Street. Another branch from the Durston branch of that railway, from Durston (near Taunton) to Street, thence to Castle Cary, and terminating by a junction with the Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth, at Ansford, near Castle Cary. A line from Crediton to Launceston. By THE WILTS, SOMERSET, AND WEYMOUTH.—An alteration of line from Pitcombe, near Bleadon, to Roo den, near Frome. Another alteration from Bradford (Wilts) to Bathampton. A railway from Bleadon to Wells, Shepton Mallett, Henstridge, Sturminster, and Blandford. A branch from Wells to Glastonbury. A line from the Wilts and Somerset, at Trent, near Yeovil, through Sherborne, Gillingham, Donhead St. Mary, ending at Fugglestone St. Peter, in Wilts. A branch from out of the last-named line from Motcombe to Gillingham. BY THE GREAT WESTERN.—A line from the Wilts and Somerset, at Yeovil, to Exeter, there to join the South Devon. A branch from Ottery St. Mary to Sid mouth. A branch from Chard to Ilminster. A railway by a junction wlth the Wilts and Somerset, at Brad pole, near Bridport, to Chardstock. A railway from Dlarshwood to Lyme. A line from Yeovil to Exeter, embracing all the above-named branches, and dependent lines to be constructed by a new company. BY THE LONDON AND SOUTH WESTERN.—A line from Salisbury to Yeovil. A line from Blandford to Barton. BY THE LONDON, SALISBURY, AND YEOVIL.—A line from Salisbury to Yeovil, with branches to Shaftesbury and Wincanton. BY THE EXETER, YEOVIL, AND DORCHESTER.--A line from Exeter to Yeovil, with branches. BY THE BRISTOL AND POOLE.--A line from Bristol to Poole, connecting the Bristol and English channels. A committee of the shareholders in the Richmond line have resolved on presenting Mr. Chadwick, their chair man, with a service of plate, as a testimony of the sense they entertain of his service, A GOOD RESOLVE.—The Great Western have given notice of their intention to apply to Parliament for powers to erect bridges over the line where the public roadways cross on a level _ CONTRACTS FOR WOBR.S.—The London and North- Western, and Stour Valley Companies, have this week entered into contracts for works connected with the new central station at Birmingham, and executing the cut tings, and laying the rails of the Stour Valley line be tween Birmingham and Wolverhampton. The terms are such as will enable both companies to complete the works at considerably less than the Parliamentary estimate. To enable the Stour Valley Company to open early, the London and North-Western are to lend a supply of loco motives and other plant. The Norfolk Company are about to erect a slaughter house at their Trowse Station, about a mile from the Norwich Cattle market, for the purpose of slaying the bullocks there, and taking the slain meat, instead of the live bullocks, to the London market. This (says a cor respondent) is to obviate the complaints so constantly made of the beasts being bruised so much upon the rail in their journey. THE PROPOSED CENTRE TELEGRAPH.--The original intention of fixing the central subterranean telegragh office in the Strand, now in course of formation under the streets of the metropolis, has been abandoned, for what is conceived to be a more suitable centre, the Royal Exchange. A large portion of that edifice, the north-western, adjacent to the captain's room at Lloyd's is available for the purpose. The Gresham Committee and the authorities at Lloyd's have offered every assistance to carry out the undertaking. Workmen are now actively engaged laying the pipes down, in con nexion with the telegraph to Gosport and Portsmouth, vie? the South-Western Railway. It is expected to be completed to the city in the course of a fortnight. The attention of the Company's engineer will then be directed in uniting the Eastern Counties by the same means. On this line of route they are hourly " talking" with Yarmouth, Norwich,' Cambridge, Ely, Peterborough, Blisworth ' • on the other line with Colchester and the intermediate towns, and it is rapidly being extended to Ipswich, Bury St. Edmunds, and Stowmarket. Prepara tions are also being made for extending the South- Eastern telegraph, • in conjunction with those above named, to the general termini. The railway companies have no control over, nor do they derive any profit from these extensions. The Electric Telegraph Company have the entire management. SOUTH-EASTERN COMPENSATION CASE.--Yesterday a jury was empanelled before the City Recorder and Alderman Johnson, at the adjourned Southwark Ses sions, and at which a bill of indictment was preferred to try a compensation case case of " the Carpenters' Com pany v. the South Eastern." Mr. Montague Chambers, Q.C., and Mr. Bodkin, were counsel for the claimants, Mr. Alexander and Mr. Mereweather for the defendants. Mr. Chambers, in stating the case, said the property in question is situated in Bermondsey-street, and was be queathed to the Carpenters' Company nearly two hundred years ago, and the property comprised a public-house (the Cross Keys) and three small tene ments, and which was held by the present tenant ott an unexpired term of lease of fourteen years, subject to twenty guineas per annum rent, and which was now re quired by the South-Eastern Railway, in order to widen a portion of the Greenwich Railway, for the purposes of their scheme, and the sum claimed by the trustees of the , Carpenters' Company was 2,730/., and the sum offered by the railway company was 1,300 L Several public house auctioneers were called as witnesses in behalf of the claimants, who stated that upon their calculation the premises were worth in present money 3,2001., and that the sale being a compulsory one, the plaintiffs were en titled to a further remuneration of twenty-five per cent. on the amount of the purchase money, and which, in ad dition to the value of the premises was 2,7301. Mr. Alexander addressed the jury for the defendants, and witnessss were called who estimated the full value of the premises in question at I,2sol.—Verdict 1,800/. ORLEANS TO BORDEAUX RAILWAY.—The whole line between Orleans and Tours (says our Paris corres pondent), the communications on which had been sus pended owing to the late inundations, are now again open to the public. On Friday a goods train of twenty eight waggons, filled ' with cattle, merchandise, &c., passed over the whole line without the sli g ht es t hi n d e r. ante. Baron de Richemont,, one of the directors, Mr. Harrison, the head of the locomotive department, and Mr. Woodhouse, the head engineer, accompanied this train, in order to ascertain by personal inspection that everything was in perfect order for the conveyance of the public. BISHOPSTOXE AND SALISBURY BRANCH OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN. BISHOPSTOICE..-- .Another serious slip of earth, says our correspondent, on this branch, took place yesterday, to a greater extent than the one which occurred about three week s a g o, and within a short distance of the same. It was fortunate no men were at work near the place at the time. There is not the least probability of the opening taking place on the Ist of December next, as has been reported ; nor is it likely it will be in a fit state for traffic for six months from the present time. To r emove the carried-in earth cannot be accomplished in less than three months, even if the weather permits ; but should wet and frost suc ceed, many apprehend further fallings in, from the nature of the soil in some parts of the digging. At the last meeting of the Haven and Pier Commis sioners of Yarmouth consent was accorded to an applica tion from the Norfolk Company for permission to build a bridge across the Bure, with a view to make a passenger station in Yarmouth, and to facilitate the transit of goods from the tramways on the quay to the line. A vein of coal, which on trial was discovered to be of very good quality, has been discovered by some navvies on the line from Bletchley to Oxford, near Pounden. The river Cherwell, at a curve near Banbury, has been filled up, and a straight line cut for the Oxford and Rugby works. It formed the boundary line for the counties of Northampton and Oxford, and its being diverted may some day lead to a doubt as to what county 1 that portion of the line is in. Our local co respondent states, tht 010 directors of GENERAL ORDER, his Lordship, the Mas , ei. Irv; been pleased o make the tuilovving appointmAn, consequent upon the promotion announced in the Gazette of the 9th instant : Colonel Turner, C. 8., to command the Royal Artillery n Ireland. --- Colonel Rudyard, Superintendent of the Royal Mili tary Repository. Lieutenant-Colonel Gordon, Inspector of Royal Car riage Department. Lieutenant-Colonel Harding°, Director of Royal Labo ratory. The two latter appointments to take effect on January 1, 1847. Brevet Major Pester, Fire Master. Captain C. J. Wright, to Royal Military Repository. The outh-rtnentioned officers are pasted to the Royal lorse Artillery. Lieutenant-Col,nl Bell, vice Dyneley. Lieutenant-Col:mei Louis, vice C,lator - . Lieutenant-Colonel Brereton, vice Macdonald,. on Lieutenant Colonel's pay. Lieutenant-Colonel Strangways, vice Hardinge, on Major's pay. Captain Dupins. vice Pester. 2d Captain Phillpotts, vice Wood. Ist Lieutenant Willett, vice Goodenough. Ist Lieutenant Neill, vice Gardiner. Ist Lieutenant D. M. C. D. Fraser, vice Radcliff. In conseque ce of the promotions and foregoing ap• pointmeots the undermentioned are posted as follows : Lieut.-Colonel Rawnsley to the 7th battalion, vice Bastard. Lieut.-Colonel Hardinge to the 2d battalion, vice Brown. Lieut.-Colonel Andrews to the Bth battalion, vice Grant. Lieut.-Colonel Locke to the Bth battalion, vice Scott. lieut.. Colonel Wells to the 6th battalion, vice Bell. Lieut.-Colonel Arbuckle to the Ist battalion, vice Russell. Lieut.-Colonel Higgins to the 4th battalion, vice Rud yard. Lieut.-Colonel Freer to the 3d battalion, vice Louis. Lieut.-Colonel Hope to the Nth battalion, vice Brereton. Lieut.-Colonel Eyre to the Bth battalion, vice Dansey. ON LIEUTENANT-COLONELS ' PAY. Lieut.-Colonel Otway to the Bth battalion, vice Rawnsley. Lieut.-Colonel Anderson to the 10th battalion, vice Strangways. Lieut.-Colonel Palmer to the 4th battalion, vice An drews. _ _ Lieut.-Colonel Hornsby to the 3d battalion, vice Locke. Lieut.-Colonel Armstrong to the sth battalion, vice Willis. Lieut.-Colonel Evans to the 9th battalion, vice Ar buckle. Lieut.-Colonel Rowland to the 2d battalion, vice Higgins. Lieut.-Colonel Colquhoun to the Ist battalion, vice Freer. Lieut.-Colonel Harrison to the 7th battalion, vice Hope. Lieut.-Colonel Wright to the 6th battalion, vice Eyre. LIEUTENANT-COLONELS ON MAJORS' PAY. Brevet-Major Pester to the Bth battalion, vice Dupuis. 2d Captain Crofton to the 6th battalion, vice Phillpotts. Ist Lieutenant D. S. Green to the sth battalion, vice Willett. Ist Lieutenant G. W. D. Hay to the Bth battalion, vice Neill. Ist Lieutenant M. Stewart to the 3d battalion, vice Fraser. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. WooLwicH, Nov. 18.—Her Royal Highness the Prin cess Caroline of Hesse is expected to embark at Dover for Ostend on the 23d instant, and their Royal High nesses the Duke and Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz will also embark at Dover for Calais about the 25th of the present month. Her Majesty's steam-packet Garland, Commander Smithett, is ordered to be placed at the disposal of the royal visitors to convey them to the Continent. His Excellency Baron de Beust and suite landed at Dover yesterday afternoon, at one o'clock, from Ostend, having arrived in the Garland, Commander Smithett, and left immediately, under a salute from the heights. The Nymph, 46 guns, receiving ship, was towed up the river yesterday from Sheerness to Woolwich, to be used as a receiving ship, instead of the Seringapatam. The Belvidere store ship was towed down the river yesterday from Deptford to the Nore, by the Lightning steam-vessel. The Woodlark, tender to the Mastiff, Master Com mander Thomas, has arrived at Woolwich from the Ork neys, and the Mastiff is hourly expected. The Amphion steam frigate, 36 guns, Captain Wil liams, was taken in the east dock to-day to be examined before proceeding to sea. The Avon steam vessel, Captain Denham, is expected to arrive at Woolwich this afternoon from the coast of Africa and Portsmouth. The Gorgon steam-vessel and Terrible steam-frigate are daily expected at Woolwich, the former to be paid off at that port. The Niger steam-vessel, built at Woolwich dockyard from a design by Mr. 0. Lang, and to be fitted with one of Mr. Smith's screw propellers, 13 f2et in diameter, was launched to-day at 25 minutes past one o'clock, P.M. The vessel was named by Mrs. Dwyer, wife of Captain Dwyer, R.N. Amongst the officers present were Captain Henderson, C.B. of the Sidon steam-frigate ; Comman der Smith, of the William and Mary yacht ; Commander Hamond, of the Medea steam-vessel ; Captain Wel lesley and Captain Kn ox , s t u d y i ng steam at the factory, and a number of officers of the Royal Artillery and Royal Marines. The vessel is very strongly put to gether, and her decks have been coated with marine glue, and the heads of the whole of the copper nails and bolts sunk an inch each into . the wood, and then covered with a coating of the marine glue, and covered with a circular piece of wood about an inch thick, joined with the same material, forming an apparently solid deck easily cleaned and kept in the best order. The Niger went off the stocks in fine style amidst the cheers of the assembled spectators, and she looks re markably well in her future element. The following are her dimensions : ft. in. Length between the perpendiculars ... 185 0 Keel for tonnage ••• 167 7i Breadth extreme ..• 34 8 Do. for tonnage ..• 34 4 Do. moulded ... 33 8 Depth in engine room ... 21 6 Burthen in tons 1,013 51-04 old measurement. Do. do. 923 1,505.3,500 new do. Engines 400 horse power. PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS. Nov.acting secondengineer, to o the to t W h eitlhioTieavhmPel 17.—Jamesn ivandHenry s ; A Arbuthnotlary; Bak ; Hoyle,eFrederickr surgeon HenryYoung,Byers, superintendent, elclerk, engineer,Henry t Mottley, clerk, and Henry P. Scott, clerk. s assistant ß , to en. the Queen ; James W. Bill s, second engnetehre, and medva ; jamin F. Cameron, third engineeri to t e G o e g o i r n g e e e Watson, Michael firs tß engineer, urifs, aet John n g s e Sand e rs, eond _ e s ri e n c e a e n r d , William; ili ia; m Nicholaso ni s o r n 0 , w eactingrs, actingt h ird engineer,t he Birk t o e ti n i e - h ßosamond ; James Anderson, acting third engineer, to the Geyser ; Alexander Thompson, clerk's assistant, theto the Penelope , Henry Boxer, mas t e r's assistant, to. e St. Vincent ; ,Abraham Hingston, carpenter to th Racer ; Abraham Martin, clerk, to the Birkenhead ; John C. Wilson, naval cadet, to the President ; V. A. Massingberd, commander, to the Alecto ; E. C. T. D'Eyncourt, commander, to the Comus ; Richard Moor man, commander, to the Rattler ; H. M. Ellicombe, commander, to the Rolla. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 18.—The Fairy steam yacht, under the command of Captain Lord A. Fitsclarence, having conveyed the Court to Cowes this afternoon, re turned to harbour about half past two. She came up to Spithead under sail and steam, and appeared to cut through the water with unsurpassable velocity. The Scourge steam. sloop, C immander Caffin, returned to Spithead during the night, the wind having changed, and her services in the way of supplying water and pro visions to the wind-bound ships in the Channel became thereby unnecessary. PonTsmouTrt,Nov. 18.—The recorded services of the Captains of her Majesty's Navy, who have been appointed naval Aides-de-Camp to the Queen, in the vacancies of Rear-Admirals Sir C. Napier, the Hon. Sir F. B. R. Pellew, Henry Hope, Sir .John B. Pechell, Bart., P. Hornby, and Sir F. Collier, are as follows: Captain M. F. F. Berkeley, C. 8., a Lord of the Admi ralty, was a midshipman of the Blanche, and served in her boats, cutting out an armed vessel from under the batteries of Monte Christi; at the capture of a French squadron at Cape Francois, 1803 ; and the siege of Curacoa in 1804. Was a Lieutenant of the Hydra, at the destruction of a French convoy in Rosas Bay, in 1809; and, in command of the barge, captured an armed felucca off Toulon, and frequently engaged with the enemy off Barcelona, &c. Was a Lieutenant of the Barfleur, in command of the armed boats, co-operating With the Duke of Wellington's army in the Tagus, and officially reported, and thanked in general orders, at the attack on Villa Franca in 1810. Commanded the Vestal, at the defence of Cadiz in 1811; and her Majesty's ship Thunderer, 84, in the operations on the coast of Syria, including the stormings of Sidon and St. Jean D'Acre, in 1840. Captain the Hon. G. A. Crofton was a midshipman of the Medusa in Lord Nelson's attack on the Boulogne flotilla in 1804 ; a lieutenant of the Cambnan, and com manded her barge, at the capture of a French privateer schooner, Matilda, of 10 gnus and 95 men, in 1805 : lieutenant in the Mul,grave, 74, at the reduction of 'St. Croix and St. Thomas in 1807 ; commander of the Fawn, at Martinique and Mariegalante, in 1809 ; and captain of the Dictator, troop-ship, serving on shore in the operations against Baltimore, New Orleans, &c. Captain Sir G. R. Sartorius, was a midshipman in the Tonnant at the Battle of Trafalgar ; and of the Daphne in the operations in the River Plate and attack of Monte Video ; was a lieutenant of the Success frigate, and commanded her boats at the destruction of two vessels n tb ha e ear barques, s ua C em a s es under yeari n g d l i e o r n a e ts , hs le n s tce t ad h s e at l f te a teohefeoTef Terracing rt h a cu e r a ien v yo of ; fi a r s e se , hr i i vp a e dalnB indl O tbho c i aee t in at the taking of Ischia and Procida, and the destruction of two gun-boats ; was at the capture of a French pri • vateer of 10 guns and 110 men, and a ship of four guns and 17 men; was employed in the defence of Cadiz in 1810-11. Captain Arthur Fanslsawe, C. 8., was a midshipman in the Prince of Wales, at Copenhagen, in 1807 ; of the Inflexible, at the destruction of a 1 ust4an 74-guns ship, the Sewolod. in 1808 ; was in the Seipion at the reduction of the Isle of Java, in 1811; a lieutenant of the Endymion and served in her boats at the capture of an American HINTS FOR FLOATING THE GREAT BRITAIN. Fix a belt of brewer's vats round the ship on the out side, and tight bunged casks within. Let a platform be fixed round the ship, the timbers of which must go through the sides. The object of this platform is to be a rest for the vats during the time of fixing, and also that they may bo of one equal height around the ship. The vats and casks may be prepared in Liverpool and sent over to Dundrum Bay in staves, and put together there, above high water mark. Let everything be so arranged that no order be given on board or on shore when the attempt is about to be made, only the order to commence. Every man ought to be fully instructed as to his work and place, then the only look out will be for each overseer to attend that the orders already given are carried out to the letter. Let all the vats corresponding i numbered, and a num ber plainly marked on the side of the ship ; the casks to be all ready on board. Let a separate boat be provided for towing each vat to the side of the ship. When all things are prepared the vats to be floated to the sides of the ship, each to its proper mark ; suffi cient hands to be on board to fix the vats to the platform and the sides of the ship on their settling to their proper places on the receding of the tide. During such time the casks should be placed within the hold. Should such orders be fully carried out, it is antici pated that the Great Britain would be afloat before the high water of the following tide. Ilfracombe, Nov. 17. MORTALITY OF THE METROPOLIS.—The tota number of deaths registered in the metropolis during the week ending Saturday, November, 14, 1846, was 916. Of this number 893 were deaths from other causes than violence, showing a decrease in the number of deaths from disease of 24, us compared with the week preced ing. The number of deaths from cholera, diarrhoea, and dysentery, have decreased to 1 for the first, 15 for the second, and 5 for the third. The deaths from typhus, however, amounted to 41. Tbere were 1,420 births re giaietededlUiug the week.: the Newcastle and Berwick, at their meeting on theith inst., to let the contracts for building the bridge ove r th e Tweed, resolved to defer building the bridge over that river, to join their line with the North British, it being extremely probable that the Berwick will not cross the Tweed at that point, but will run on their Kelso line for nine or ten miles, and then cross the Tweed, at only about one-tenth of the cost, and thence proceed by a new line direct to Edinburgh. At present the number of pas sengers booked on 2,000 miles of railway annually is estimated by the Edinburgh Review to be nearly 34,000,000. - When the enlarged system comes into operation, the number must be 153,000,000. STATE OF FRANCE, (From the Esprit Public.) Public spirit in France has great qualities; it is prompt, alert, generous, and even penetrating: but it has also its defects; it is too often wanting in reflection and fore sight. Let a Government only save appearances and surfaces, and all is saved! We rarely dive, in France, to the bottom of things ; we are not fond of foreseeing the next day ; and thus no nation has been more fre quently deceived than ours. But when the houlof re velation arrives, its astonishment is betrayed by terrible shocks. One would say that it neither fears convulsions nor crises, because it can display all the resources of its character, and all the energy of its patriotism. At the same time, it proceeds in this manner by somersaults, by revolutions; and progress is the price of a thousand-ef forts and a thousand griefs; whilst a consistent conduct, —a sustained attention to our interests and our affairs, would conduct us to the goal with less labour and more security. _ _ For instance, serious and reflective minds have long warned the Chambers and public opinion of the wretched state of our finances. We spend right and left ; ws waste our money unproductively on all sides, and our re ceipts, whatever they may be, can never attain the level of our expenditure. Even last year one of the reporters of the budget expressed his.lively alarm at this spirit of prodigality and improvidence; he was answered by ano ther reporter that these acts o imprudence well became the greatness of the system, and that it was a fine thing to be rash in peace as well as in war. These paradoxes are delightful when prosperity smiles, when by dint of Squeezing the taxpayer and exhausting credit the Finance Minister succeeds in filling immense chests of treasure. It is easy te discount the future for the profit of the present, and to put off to some years hence the result of the follies of the day. But, when the elements cease to favour and, in a manner, to justify improvidence,—when the pres sure begins to be felt, and when, at the same time, the state has placed its expenses on an exaggerated footing, and has only chosen to see the advantages of the hour without examining the difficulties of next day, woe to the day in which all.this artificial wealth vanishes ! It is very probable that we are on the eve of this day. Railroad shares are falling with a continuity which does not fail to be alarming. The harvest has been a bad one, and the inundations have plunged in misery an immense portion of our fellow citizens. The next budget will certainly be presented to us with a remark able deficit ' • the extraordinary expenses are accumu lating every day ; all our reserves are exhausted, and credit itself is lightened by the immense capital absorbed in these railroads thrown upon the market without any kind of prudence or moderation. The sums expended since 1830 are incalculable. And yet our frontiers are badly armed ; our coasts are open to the enemy ; the majority of our ports are defenceless, and we saw in 1840 in what degree of penury we were surprised by a menace on the part of Europe. Are we better prepared now ? We doubt it. Yet our Government has just committed an act of unequalled gravity. It has all at once broken its only alliance—it has destroyed the entente cordials. Has it acted rightly or wrongly ? Let ns not examine here ; but, at all events, Governments do not try similar revolutions in their policy . without having made their arrangements, prepared their means of resistance, or as sured themselves of their points d'appui. In so su ddenly deciding upon the Montpensier marriage, has, then, the Government resolved to resist England to the last ? Well and good. But where are its arms, its finances, and, above all, its fleets ? We are, navally speaking, in a complete state of disarmament, and whilst England is arming on all sides, with a fleet at Gibraltar, and another off Sheerness ready to set sail, we remain in an attitude of the most contemplative placidity. Has even the good will of the continent been secured, to say nothing of its friendship ? Not a whit. Conjec tures, commentaries, and feigned hopes are thrown away, for it is perfectly well known how few sympathies are to be expected from the northern Courts. Bat does it, at least, turn towards the supreme resource of isolated or menaced Governments—towards the nation and public opinion, reassured and satisfied ? No. It is a constant system of governing by distrust, the mother of corruption, and power is directed by the hands of the most unpopular men in France. Nevertheless, the act which s has so deeply complicated our external situation is considered with indifference in certain circles. _ _ " We have played England a trick," say some of these optimist spirits. Possibly; but that is insufficient. When these paths are pursued, you must not only ac cept, but foresee all the consequences. It may be well to play a trick sometimes, but it is good for nothing if it costs more than it secures. Now, we affirm that the Government is already beginning to pay dearly for what its friends call its skill, and the English its knavery. We must not deceive ourselves. England is seriously irritated, and her resentment is manifested in all sorts of ways. Was this foreseen? Or, has the Government condemned itself to a situation worse than that of 1840, io order to gain a dowry, and the poor glory of showing that it is an adept in point of diplomatic duplicity? The political horizon is darkeninc , ; we have reason ghat to believe England is not so badly received as is supposed in her overtures to the Northern Powers. If, in the face of disciiiinful Europe and irritated England, the Government soon finds itself disarmed and isolated, without alliances abroad or rational strength at home, who will dare to say that the Montpensier marriage is an act of skill? This opinion, however, was adopted by many, because they did not reflect on the results. We said from the first, and we now repeat it, that the Montpensier marriage, with all its attendant cir cumstances, is the most enormous blunder that has been committed since 1830. Those who doubt it will see it at a later period. RULE IN SEAMANSHIP. The following notice was received here on Saturday last, by a gentleman in our neighbourhood, enclosed in a letter from his Excellency Colonel Reid, C. 8., late Governor of the Bermudas, now Governor of Barba does, &c., author of the " Theory of Storms." It has been kindly handed to us for insertion in our paper, and we readily give it a place, as it may be of essential ser vice to seamen sailing from our port : Every rule applicable to ships which have become in volved in storms is admirable. Captain Andrews, com mander of the royal mail steamer Medway, on leaving Bermuda for England on the 23d Sept., 1846, suggested the following : By keeping the wind on the starboard quarter, when in a revolving storm in the northern hemisphere, ships gradually sail from the storm's centre ; and by keeping the wind on the port quarter, when in the southern hemisphere, ships sail gradually from the centre of a re volving storm. This rule applies to three quarters of the storm's cir cle. But there is always one quadrant in a progressive whirlwind storm, more dangerous than the other three, being that over which the storm's centre passes in its progress ; and there would be danger in applying the rule with a ship in this quadrant. Within the tropics, whilst the course of storms tends towards the west, the quadrant of greatest danger will be on the west sides. But these quadrants will gradu ally change their position as the storms recurve; and in high latitudes, as the course of the storms become east.. erelyosn the owilleathstesesidqeuaodfratnhtse of greatest reate l s n t d o a r n d g e e r r t c o om k e no t w o b which is the quadrant of greatest danger, the theory must be studied until it is understood. An example of Captain Andrews' rule for the southern hemisphere was practised by Captain Moorsom, Royal Navy, when commanding the Andromache frigate at Mauritius, in 1826, and is the more remarkable because it was executed by Captain Moorsom, before the theory of storms was understood. Leaving her Majesty's ship Ariadne, in Port Louis Harbour, at the wish of her commander, Captain Moorsom put to sea in the An dromache with the wind at S.E., veering to S.S.E., pre. determined to steer without regard to the compass, and to keep the wind as it veered, always upon the larboard or port quarter. He had come to this decision from at tentively studying the logbooks of ships which had en countered hurricanes in the neighbourhood of Mauritius, and observed that the wind veered there in a uniform manner. By steerine , as described, Captain Moorsom gradually carried his frigate away from the centre of the.. storm, until he had gained its opposite side, and mode rate rate weather. Then, having the wind at N.B. reteanckg, E.N.E., he brought his ship upon the starboard in the two log -books, it order to return to Mauritius , which p ort she reached un injured.By comparing extracts f r om Louis appears that theHarbour, was by putting to whilst Ariadne,the sea, and being so steered so . as to keep the wind on the in the centre of the hurricane, and had the storm very severely; port quarter, in fart Dundee Courier. had comparatively moderate weather.— LONDON PIIILANTIIROPIC SOCIETY FOR THE DIS-. ia Lake, Lord CO support. COALS. . This Lordv al b l c F en ß tly ßE rte D great A eive N d p Lord Ashley, and Lord Cornwallis a re amon g st its sup porters. Amongst numerous donations lately re cei v e d charityTßlß T IhoaNs recently are—R. R. Wood, Esq., 201.; B. B. Cabbell, Esq., 101. 10s.; Luke Hansard, Esq., 101. 10s.; Mr. and Mrs. 11. F. Richardson, 151. 155.; the Hon. Miss Harley, ot.; R. S. Holford, Esq., 10/. 10s., &c. At this Amon, such aid is really a boon. N. P. Willis, the well-known American writer, was married at New Bedford, in the United States, on the Ist of last month, to a daughter of the Hon. Joseph Grinnell, member of Congress. The fair bride is named Cornelia, and is described to be petite, spirituelle, and an heiress. A PROTRACTED COLD BATH. -- Wednesday a person of the name of Ward, in ord er t o ex hibi t the effect of some neAly. invented apparatus made of cork, for the purpose of enabling person s t o fl oa t on th e wa t er an d use their limbs with e ase , swam f or a cons id era bl e p er i o d in the river, about Westminster-bridge. He afterwards attempted to swim to Hungerford-bridge, but before he reached it, ho became so much exhausted by cold and by his exertions, that he was unable to help himself, and it required the most vigorous exertions of the men in the boat attending on him to save his life. After he was taken out of the water and placed in bed, variosat restoratives were applied, but two hours elapsed bef ore . he was so far recovered as to be pronoun ced o ut of Mu mediate danger.