The Sun. — London, England, 1823-04-07 00:00:00

( (t er,. r ;: ( 4,. 4,4 f -- r ,t ,- ,- ....„ .. F.,.. , 4•"I' ' 'f • -". s - • _,,• .oa ol l -4 6 "vlogaitsP* , — *, \ : - 1.1,84Dart04,2347: • NUMBER 9553. MONDAY, APRIL 7, 1823 PRICZ SEVracrtNC24 se ven 1, 1 e re to' Flvrrise,° Rig l4 ' 1 06' ~, }'. lac e, ille y, fist!' . r 00' u ghler ,,Cll4lluf 00 01 a , : a ro of rittl'for) the Stli4 ilDMllte L7'Y-OFFICE, March it, 1823. NOTICE is hereby given, that a Session of Oyer and Terminer and Gaol Delivery, for the Trial of °feller:commuted on the High Seas, within the Juri.di4.- 'ion of the dldmiralty of England, will be held at Justice Mall, in the Old Llailev, London, on Friday, the 26th day of ilprilnert,at Eight a' Cloth in the Morning. J. IP. CROKEfI. OFFICE OF ORDA Y ,CVC.E, March 21, 1 5 !323. THE PRINCIPAL OFFICERS of his MA- Ess ORDNANCE do hereby give Notice, that the n' yWill Sell by PUBLIC AUCTION, at the Tower , so Thursday, the lith day afApril next, at Eleven .'Clock irs the Forenoon Preately, sundry Lot: of NEW and Olen STORES: misiatinp of Old Alasrind “ ayonet Scabbards, P o u c hes an d Bolts, Bu shel Iron, consisting of Friggers, and Screws, Old .Brass Furniture from Small Arms broken up, Pieces of Gun Barrels with Brass Work, New Sand Bags, Old Hand Screws, Standing •Vices, Artillery Clothing, Shot Buses and Harness, Double-headed Foreign Shot with hammered Burs, Wrought 1114 Jantpoons and Carcasses, and a quantity of Sulphur Visurn. The whole of which maybe viewed upon application at the prineipal Storekeeper's Offic e in th e T ower ( w i t h th e es ceptiond of the Double -headed m Foreign Sh o t, w hi c h ay be at viewe the Royal .dreenal ; the li'rouqht Iron Jampoons and Careassea, which may he viewed at the Royal Laboratory nt Iroolwich : and the Sulphur l'irum, which ma,wl,e oir Wed 41 th e RoYal l'uunler Mills at Faversham and Waltham 466 ''Y i) where, also, Samples of the Suip,',or fritatm may he aeen, until the Day of Sale: and printed Lists of the Lots and Condition.: of the Sale will be delivered to these Persons alai may apply for thesame. Ry Order of the Bootie!, R• If. CREW, Secretary. TUE COMP TII , OLLIM of the STA 'noE it y ready t o receive O FFICE her e b y g i ves Notice, that h e i s variou s TENDERS for the Supply 4 PAPERS of descriptions, for.the Publi c Se rv i ce; Samples of which may he seen at the Office of the Storekeeper of the Stationery ()ince ' jamel.street, W estminster, where Particulars of the Contract will be delivered to all those Parties who wa y be de sirous of Contracting, fit application being' ma de fur i lls ,: sante o f the hams u; Ten and Four every tiny, Sun"y" excepted. CUS TOM -ROUSE, LONDON, April 0, 18 2 1 11 ty TO PAINTERS. "E . CO MMISSIONEttS of hisMA. ate desi rous CUST OMS hereby give Notice, That they rtoous of receiving Tenders from such persons as may be , contract for the performance of sundry PAINTING l op ci a l rt h tli e le :c a rs ex terior of the CUST OM -HOUSE, Thames-street, the f of which maybe known on application at the Office si th'eYor for Buildings, C ustom -H ouse aforesaid. oa or '! Tenders to be addressed, under Cover, to the Secretary, „ e oe ote I I IIURSDAY, the 17th day of April, enti?rsed, thier for Painting the exterior of the Custom-House. ' . By Orderof the Commissio ner s, _ (1 O. DE LAVA VD', Secretary. . k o u AIR TROPOLITAN LAW SOCIETY' r -r : rtn m tl o r, lt tin A it il . s: i s r, i and iie Potrionfteirsasiir:lne of the n" Pr" A "ENERAL MEETING REES of this SOCIETY, for ELECTP, (or the ,. vear , PAL and other OPVICEILS of the SOME 14 4 11the. Par t 'G lie a 1 1V1) 11. l E N M C : ;polite, will he held .it NEW PIJRNIVAL ' 1 'siva; at 10(1,i10,itN, on WEDNESDAY NEXT, the 9th I ' xl , i Ito rhree o'Clock in the Afternoon. the Chair. 11.111 M YOUNG KNIGHT, Esq. principal, in lile v Ill " Rul e' "I the Society maw be had by applying in .ecretary, Mr, t h e Society Quality court, Chancery-lane. 1 %MPS ANDFIITON. SrererarY• „, WEst' INDIA DOCK COMPANY. rir,,,,i, couitT •of DIRECTORS °l' the h w Es'r INIUA nocK cum pANy herehY give Islnri_e,!..'' tatt an EXTRAORDINARY CO or GENERAL MEti -, IND, of the ssid CONIPANY will be held ot thr WESI INDIA DOCK HOUSE, Ni.• Si Ilitliter-stioares "n FR eirmif the lath inftnt, at (Ina o'Clook in the Afternoon, wr 1 . .t0 purpose of (hoofing NMI Appointing a Director of th e said Ltopony, (who most he an Alderninn of the City of Len 7, ow)), in the room of Sir John Ratner, Kra. deceased:. Hy Order of the Court, . ONGLANDS Se D. L N.H. Th e Chair will I F* West I n di a pock I-louse, April 4, 13. be t a k en B2 nt Two o'Cloelt precisely. lE E C EAST INDI A HOUSE, 21st March, 1823' TO URT of DMECTORS of til t-n• UNITED COMPANY of MERCHANTS of' ENG» 441 Ni) TRADING to the EAST INDIES do hereby giva on e c e , 1 Tth, Duit A GENERAL COURT of the said COMPANY will oetilid ( a )t ! tkl (;irrii) louse in Le adenhall-street., on TUESDA Y, until Six ' iieiq, from Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon Pr oprie . )1. " 1 nie Evening 4t the desire of the undermentioned 08, viz....- ' J• 11AILLIE, .101 IX PLO :kt ME n, (I)N.Ar.vt)tilLbt. 1141v.t7.1(c'or.m, Wm. 11IrreirEta., SAUL. DIXON, ALEX. GRANT, i 'onERTsoR, To litotoir, .s. nis P. M. Liti.cits, unpolicy of the n the" foll T o c wi n n E g L q t u'estion, viz. . 7 . .. i t '' ring thin Court hs', . deeply impressed withl s h u e gar inj 13r lisle existing restrictions On the India. u T st r i a Le de an o a f itth 4,;:ehianttetrilees.l:oerrictions, while they operate most inpriouslY the Merchants, the Shipowners, the Sugar ti,tilitt.nti the Alanufacturers of this Country, as well as on tim.,, - 7, , , ,, , :. the British c ommunity at large, y. _and unjust towards our fellow.aubjects in India, m nd are peculiaTly a pp., pt;',...ttletritnental to the interests of the East India Co - t he pri, it 9nty as a Commercial Body, but in connection with " ,141"ty of the dominions placed under their Government. elgu,4l,t ax the Inhabiutnts of British India have the strongest .. tiki t i,, O M ie protection of the East India Company, it i is ni t e h a e . Sur t4 a„',n,ls ( .%ourt to afibrd their energetic supportol p4uht—tr2.nave a tendency to promote the prosperity to of the vast' titli„i ...',4 over whom they preside, and who are equal l y roiNd7lol, every other clams of British subjects to the favourable i but vf the British Legislature. Act: of 1_ i t ,i)pears to this Court, that since the repeal by the 4e4 llP it , i i e it t v l e 7 r, S : e :inn of Parliament of the restrictions fornerlY tto tf . or. tile West India Trade no pretension exists for any tion to the Sugars 'of the West India Colonies " ' 111° "° of il ' ' h I d' ii i ,„ , ruts n la. trait , m 4 , t ,lt the present unequal duties on the Sugars of the tr,,trilet;il ( ` Wet 4 Indies terminate in March 1824, this Court do ~..,,cm„rnend to the immediate attention of the Court ,ii . :4: - FTrs the the . of using their strenuous efforts with. Pi:tiett:Jestles Ministers to obtain an equalization of the sai d th e 1:11rat s hould , t it .4 , 4 . tnette efforts prove unsuccessful, contrary be 11,,,, ,ezpettations of thit Court, the Court of Dit•ectora,o_. !lAlt«karniti enjoined to present Petitions, in the name and t:tlNni e4 " 4 -r- or the Ekst India Company, to both Homtes of I:ar . - w4tPlaytng for an Equalization of the Duties on bast 4 ' 1 '40 h it 114.14 sugars, and for permission to be h eard . by '' 4 Pl e itie th e T II of Parliame n t respectwaY, to kirt git,,,,, wo ousel . Heir claims. JOS/lPfl DART, See. , CALEDONIAN ASYLUM for SUPPORTING and EDU CATING the CHILDREN of SOLDIERS, SAILORS, and MARINES, Natives of SCOTLAND, who have died, or been. disabled in the Service of their Country, and of Indigent Scotch Parents tesident in London, not entitled to Parochial Relief, Cross street,. Hatton.garded. PATRON. • The KING'S MOS I' EXCELLENT MAJESTY. PRESIDENT. 14i4 Royal Hiehness the DU KE of YORK and 'ALBANY. THE SIXTH ANNIVERSARY DINNER of this INSTITUTION will he held at the FREEMA SONS"I'AVERN, on SA tURDAY, the Ifith of April next. . The Right Hon. Viscount GLENORCHY in the Chair. STEW Lieut.-Gen. Sir Wm. Cock burn, of Cockburn and Rye; law, Bart. Lieut.-Gen. Sir Thos..Hislop, of Tuthill, Bart. . Lieut.-Gen. Sir Wm. Hous ton. K.C.B. .Lieut.-Gen. Fred. Maitland Major• General Sir Edward Barnes. K.C.B. Major-Gen. Sir Thos. Sydney Beckwith, K.C.11. K.T.S. Colonel . Sir Evan Macgregor Murray, Bart. 'ARDS. Robert thank Alcheson, Esq, Aineas Barkley. Esq. Walter Boyd, Esq. P. B. Brodie, Esq. Donald Cbas. Cameron, Esq, Alexander Cop!anti, Esq. Hugh M , lniosh, Esq. Charles Mackinnon, Esq. Stewart Marjoribanks, Esq. M.P. Robert Robertson. Esq. Alex. ltobt. Sutberlaud,M .D, George Tritton, Esq. S. METCALFE, Secretary. FREEHOLD, BATH. TO BE SOLD to the BEST BIDDER, ht.- fore ABEL MOYSEY, Esq. Deputy Remembrance. of the Court of Exchequer, on the 14th day of April, 1023, at Twelve o'clock at Noon, at the Christopher Inn, Bath, pursuant to an Order of the said Court, made in a Cause, the King against William Spicer and Another, and Undivided MOIETY of a lIIESSUAGE or DWELLING-HOUSE, with the Appurtenances, situate in BROAD-STREET, in the City of BATH, lately seized into the King's Hands, un der a Writ of Extent. - Particulars may be had gratis, at the Office of the said Dr. puty Remembrancer, Inner Temple, London ; and at the Ex cise. Offices, Bath and Bristol. FIFTY-THREE FIRST-DRAWN PRIZES ALL CAPI , 9th APRIL. Jand J. SIVEWRIGHT congratulate - their • Friends on the continued Success which has attended the Purchasers at their Miceli, - 97, Cornhill ; 1 38, Haymarket, 11, Holborn , Corner of Corentry-street ; Having Sold in Shares a Prize of £l6,ooo,and other Capitals in the Lottery Just ended, in addition to the Gratut List Prizes Sold by them in the Lottery which finished 15th Ja nuary last, VIZ.:- 1,467 14,315 • 9,612 4 OOll 11,291 1,305 .. 5Oll 11,344.. SOZ, 4,878 The present Lottery he TheSeheme .contains THU other Capitals, All Money—the Prizes will he each entitled t drawn will have po,ooo ! ! and the Fifty Next either X3OO, • Tickets and Shares arc on Sal as above. 17,746 401 1,604 4,044 0 00 8,147 15,120 18,836 .xinx on the 9th April. GE of £io.ooo. and EIGHTY e FIFTY-THREE First-drawn to a Capital, viz.—the First The Two Next £4,00() each, t. 1:-.00, or Xioo. le at SIVEWItIGHT'S OiGees, NEXT WEDNESDAY. £4o,ooo,Money fur rive First Otte! £4,000 Money for, the Next Two! £4,000 Money for the Next Four ! ! 41,000 Mriney for the Next Six !! ! ! • • 43.009 Moory•for the Next Ten " " £fi,ooo Money for the Next Thirty ' " IS}I, of the Old . State Lottery 'Offices, 4. CORN/ I I I.L. and 9, CNA ING•CROsS, respect. fully reminds his heat Friends, the Public, that the STATE LOTTEItY Begins NEXT WEDNESDAY ,9th of THIS MONTH, APRI . L), an. w hi c h D ay i he.very First Prize drawn will receive ,C 20,090 Money tow(* ) and the next 54 Prizes will each hare, a ;Capit al in addition, making n grand 'Penal of VirrY - THRAt: CAPITALS in the First Quarter of an Hour ! , The Scheme cont'ains Three Prizes of £30,000, and Eighty other Capitals, All Money. Tickets and Shares are selling at SIMS Oftic , s, 4, Core. hill, and 9, Chating,Cross, In the Last Lottery Contract, fllSH,sold 37 Capitols, and the wool h of April has always heel' fortunate for lIISH'S Otticey, as it was in that month the Grand Lottery of IBIS was drawn, which contained Three £30,000 Prizes,. III9I.SOLD THem ALL!!! EAST INDIA SUGAR. EXTItACT from t MEMOICIAL of the COURT of DI RECTORS of the EAST INDIA COMPANY, to the LORDS of the TREASURY, Dated April 7, 1823. " Your Memorialists respectfully represent to 44 your Lordships, that there is at this time, and " has long been, a loss upon East India Sugar ; " and further, that by far the greater part of " such Sugar is at present Imported into England " for re-exportation." " Profit and loss on Sugar Trade of the. East " India Company for thirty years.--Nett loss, 44 596,0031." Thus it appears from authentic documents thu the East India Proprietors have an interest in the discontinuance' of tlw Sugar Trade by the Company, since they have lost more than hay' a million ster. ling by it. It is, in truth, a measure to benefit a few traders to India—the very traders who have en deavoured to ruin the Proprietors—They hare already despoiled the Company of all their trade but their Tea trade, which they tried to do, and will, at the end of the Charter, deprive the Pro prietors of this source of Revenue to pay. their Dividends. The Proprietors are therefore called upon to protect themselves against this attempt, and to ballot against the Resolutions of these Traders, w1)0, havinkexported more than the consumption of India (as was the case to Buenos. Ayres) are desirous of making the East India Company Parties to relieve them from the effects of their, own impudence. They well knew, when they entered into the East India Trade, what the law was, and that it gave protection to the Sugar of the British Colo. nial Agriettltttrists ; they have therefore no claim to have their losses front speculation made good at the expence of others. I repent, it is a quostion in which the Pro prietors are only interested to oppose the tions, which, if carried, will ;igain involve► the Company in a losing Trade, and tend to AnMish their dividends. AN EAST INDIA PROPRIETOR. 51,385,843 149,824,057 258,0264 1,819,012 Deduct Increase - Decrease on the Year 258,0211 1,561,700 ON THE SYSTEM ofCLOSE BOROUGHS RECOLLECTIONS and REFLECTIONS, PERSONAL and POLITICAL, as connected'with Public Affairs during the Reign of King GEORGE the Third, by Jo art Nicirot.r.s, Esq. M.P., in th e 15th, lO t h, an d 18th Parliaments of Great Britain. Mr. Nrcuou.s says, these Recollections and Reflections were written during his late residence in France, and that he is aware " that there are expressions which may be unacceptable " to the partisans both of .Mr. Pitt and of Mr. Fox, but that he " has spoken with the inlegrity of an Historian." This Gentleman was, we believe, educated for the Bar, but never practised. His father was Physician to King George the Se cond, and his mother was the (laughter of the celebrated Doc tor Mead.—Mr. Nicholls has always been considered a sound, constitutional Lawyer, and although he in general supported Mr. Fox and his party, y et on several important q ues ti ons he voted against them. In private life Mr. Nicholls has been universally esteemed. He was particularly intimate with that excellent man and learned. Judge, the late Mr. Justice Law rence, and although their political opinions were atipposed to be opposite, yet it never affected or disturbed their friendship. Mr. Nicholls may be strictly considered as one of t h e f ew ho nest old-fashi one d Whigs now living, fbr, whilst advocating a rational Reform, or rather a cort'rction Values in the practice of Elections, lie is the steady friend of the Monarchy and of the People, and desiroui only of destroying the unconstitu. tional influence exercised by certain familin m Close Boroughs. Mr. Nicholls st a t es t h at he presumed to point out to "..The . So ciety of the Friend s o f the People," the state of the Close Bo roughs, and that an Address was voted to the Howe of Coin.. mons on the subject ; " but it was seen that the correction of " this abuse would be injurious to the interests of the Leaders " of the Faction of the great Whig F am ili es , an d a ll f urt h er " attempts at Reform in Parliament were abandoned i" After this candid admission of Mr. Nicholls. we must no longer be surprised at the rejection of Mr. Willianies BR, In 18111, to destroy occasionally in (10%e Boronglis The period, has, however, arrived when this important subject must tinders fro discussion ; the principle of Reform or correction of Abuses in the practice of Parliament is conceded by the Government by one of the provisions in the Seditious Bill of December 1819, and by the declaration of the King's Minister, if we are correctly , informed, in the deb a t e on that Bill ; when he salt% " that he would concur in any measure which might be intro " duced into Parliament to put an end to the corrupt practice " of ' occasionalty' in voting at Elections." From Mr. Nicholl's work much useful information may be obtained, though we by no means approve of all his views of public men and measures—still the work is deserving the seri ous attention of the Public, as it will enable them to appreciate truly, which of the two great Parties in the State are most likely to adopt measures conducive to tile general happiness, welfare, and liberty of the country. CHAPTER 'REFORM IN PARLIAMENT. I will ficiw consider that most important question the Re. form, of Parliament. A dicision on this question must ere long take place. The general attention of the nation has been called to it. The people must be subdued, or the sub. ject must be fully examined, and some Reform consented to. Let me first state the sense in which I use the words Reform and Revolution. I consider Reform to be a correction of abuses without de stroying the existing Constitution. I cons id er R evo l ut i on to be a correction of abuses, accompanied with the destruction of the existing Constitution. In England, in 1088, the nation removed the existing dy nasty, and established a new one. As the dynasty is cons). dered as the most prominent part of the Constitution, this change has been denominated Revolution. Perhaps, accord in to my definition, it might more properly have been called a Reform ; for the two other existing pa r t s o f t h e Con. stittttion ' viz. the House of Lords and the House of Comnsns, were left unaltered. In 1789, that Government which had existed in France during the reigns of Louis XIV. and Louis XV. w as swe p t away. A new Constitution was established, and when Louis XVI. accepted Royalty under this new Constitution, the same dynasty, but under a new tide, was placed on the Throne. I coraider this proceeding in 1789 to have been, in t h e f u ll est sense of the word, a Revolution. In 1800, the Irish Government was abolished, and the in. habitants of Ireland subjected to a new Constitution. This measure-also I consider as a Revolution. I have always dreaded Revolution. The crisis consequent on it, is sometimes beneficial ; I believe it will ultimately be found to be so in France; but the paroxysms which pre. cede the crisis, are terrifying. As an Englishman, I have alwaya wished for Reform ; because I have always been of opi nion, that if Reform did not take place, Revolution would be a necessary consequence of the existing abuses. I will state what I consider as ths eiblize which stands most in need q/ beiv eorrerted. It is this—that individual Peers have, in many places usurped the nomination of Members of Parliament from those aggregate bodies of the communit to Crown which the had originally granted it. I hav e said indi vidual Peers ; lam aware that in many places, individual Commoners have usurped the property In boroughs ; but the usurpation is most frequently by Peers: and the acquisi_ don is first made by a CA' mnwoner, the power which he bas thereby acqutrett soon occasions hint to be elevated to the Peerage. The mischief is also greater where the usurpation is by a Peer; for after he has acquired this unconstitutional power, he exercise* functions inconsistent with each other in impeachment s . for example, the Copintone are the accusers, and the Peers the Judges ; but if the Alemliers of the House of Commons, who prefer the accomtion, are nominated by the Peers; and thete is any truth in that maxim of the common law, Qui tacit per annul, .faeit per se, thoee who are the Judges are at the "tame time the Accusers. Will Any 10,903,560 10,608,104 1 32,707 Deduct Increase :reuse on the Qttartei 328,163 32,707 295,456 INCOME and C17.4110E Ofthe CONSOLID.ITED FUN!) in the Quarters ended sth 4pril, 182'2 and 1823, INCOME. CHARGE. Qrs. ended April 5: Qrs. ended April 5. f, • A.:.-u...........,...., 1822. 1823. 1822. 11123: . Customs - - - - - 1,983,208 1,973,397 Exchequer Annuities 4 - 4 .4:23,750 4:21,701 Excise - - - - - 5,856,798 5,151,279 South Sea Company - - , 153;456 '85,971 Stamps . . . - - 1,58.2,340 1,573,854 Bank on their Capital - - - '. - 89,125 89,125 Post-ffice - - 320,000 330,000 Dividends ~. - - - - - 5,744,188 4,735,176 Taxes- 979,970 858,811 National Debt - - - - 3,195,703 1,210,000 M iscellaneous - - 63,621 76,799 Trustees for the payment of Naval and . - Military Pensions - - - 1,400,000 10,785,949 9,964,140 Civil List . - - - - 212,509 212,500 To Cash brought to Consolidated Fund, Pensions - - - - - 93,475 94,374 being the amount issued in Ireland Imperial Annuities -- - - --.- for public services, per Act 56 Geo.III. • Other Charges .- 97,262, 71,153 cap. 98, sec. 12. - - - 368,620 89,628 ---- . 9,609,519 7,920,u00. 11,154,569 10,053,768 Surplus - - - 1,545,050 2,133,768 . ~- Exchequer Bilk issued to meet the charge at the lith ofJan. 1823 Deduct surplus - - - 11,154,569 %.928,3t4 2,133,768, 10,053,768 Exchequer Bills to he issued to meet the charge at sth of April, 1823 £3,794,586. man say that this ought to be ? By the principles of our Con stitution, the Commons are to ,vote the taxes, and the Peers have only a right to prevent the proposed tax from being im posed, by refusing their consent, This regulation was intro duced to protect the Commons from being taxed beyond what, they could bear. But what becomes of this protection. if the. .Peers are allowed to name the Members of the House of Com-. mans ? Immoderate taxation is the real cause of our present distress; and men call for a Reform of the House ot Com mons, because they feel that the power of taxing .has been abused. Kings first summoned to Parliament Representatives from bodies of the Commonalty, that they might be protected against their great vassals. The great vassals saw this, and endeavoured to deprive the King of this defence, by compelling these ag. gregate 'bodies of the' COmrnonalty to depute to Parliament those men whom the sever a l Peers might select. This attempt of the Peers seems to have been made at a very early period after RePresentatiVes of the Commons were hist summoned to Parliament ; for in the first Parliament of Edward I. he enacted pro Visions to restrain this conduct in the Peers. The exprea. lions in the act are th---e " Forasmuchas Motions ought to be free, the King forbids, on pain of severe forfeiture, th a t an y great man or other should, by force of arms, or by menaces, or by any subtile contrivance, disturb the freedom .of Election," The Commons of England now stand in need of this pro-. tection against the Peers, which was heretofore wanted by our Kings. I know it will be said, that the Peer, w h o noon . sates Members of the House of Commons, and afterwards .sells their votes to the Minister, pays hia proportion of those taxes which are imposed. This may be true ; but the gain of his immediate object induces hint to forget the more distant evil. I decline giving instances in the present reign, of the abusive exercise of power thus acquired : but I will name one instance in the reign of George 11. ; and it is so generally known, that I am confident no man will dispute the correctness of the anec dote. The post of Captain of the Band of Pensioners was vacant ; the King wished to give it to a gentleman whom he desired to have about his person. The Minister, Mr. Pelham, proposed to give it to another gentleman ; but after same struggle, the Minister yielded,. and the post was destined, for the King's friend, At this moment, before the place was at.. tually given away, Lord Falmouth signified to the Minister, that he wished to have this employment. Mr. Pelham rernon. strated with him that the place was destined for a personal friend of the King : the only answer which Lord Falmouth made, was ; " Sir, we ate nine." This was the only answer which the Minister could obtain from him; and because Lord Falmouth named nine Members of the house of Commons, the King and the Ministers were both obliged to submit. Lord Falmouth certainly paid his share of. the taxes, which these nine Members assisted the Minister..to impose. But this con sideration was Out-weighed by the immediate object which he obtained. The people of England have been gradually led to demand a Reform in the . llouse of Commons. , I believe the late .Earl of Chatham was among the first who suggested the necessity. Ile saw that the number of Members nominated by Proprietors and Patrons of Borolighs was so large, that thepeople were not protected against immoderate taxation. Toward the close of the American war, the people were led to observe that they had been engaged in that war, and sub. jected .to heavy taxes, for the purpose of enforcing a claim of the House of Commons to tax their fellow-subjects in Arne. rice). Row far the Rouse of Commons .was entitled to this right, was at leak doubtful ; for the usage had always been for the .Colonies to tax themselves in their own Provincial Assemblies ; and on questions of Constitutional Rights, usage has always been appealed to. The people of England found themselves disappointed in that hope which had been held out to them, that by procuring Revenue from America. taxation on the inhabitants of Great Britain would be diminished..... They experienced the very reverie of this hope which had been so-held out3to them. They , found their own burthens immo derately increased, and if the contest were persevered in, they saw no bounds to taxes. While the Country was in this situa tion, several eminent men pointed out to the people, that im .moderate taxation was the consequence of the existing state of the House of Commons ; that a Retbrill of that House was ne. cessary : that the people ought to be more efficiently represent. ed in if. • • The Duke of Richmond was among those who stood fore most in recommending a Reform of Parlisment. The remedy which he suggested, was Election by Universal Suffrage, If I am correct in-what I have stated respecting the manner in which aggregate bodies of the Commonalty acquired the right of sending Representatives to Parliament—the Duke of - Richmond's plan-would not have been a Reform, but a Re. volution. I will acknowledge that I have always heard with regret,- the suggeition of this plan. It never could be a permanent Con 4. stitution. It might possibly be an intermediates state, through which, after much suffering, we might ultimately pass twa good Constitution. I have said, that the nomination to some seats in Parliament, has been usurped by Peers; I will explain what I mean by this assertion. In Burgage-tenement Boroughs, the right of electing Representatives to Parliament has been granted to every owner of a freehold interest, in a tenement withi n t h e Borough ; and it has been decid e d , that the ache of an ancient Burgage entitles the owner to a vote: A Peer purchases a majority of the urgae or ancient scites. The inght before the election, he B sends g down his dependants. The Noble Lord's steward then delivers a Conveyance of a Burgage to each person ; the next morning they are carried up to vote, and as soon as the return is made, the several Voters give hack their Conveyances to the steward, and they are heard of no more. The 141tanbers thus returned, have not been elected by proprietors of a freehold in the'Burgages ; for the Conveyances transferred no interest to the several persons to whom they . were made. Suppose thii Noble Lord had made these . Conveyances to prevent tin.4to Ilurgage-tene.. ,rnents from being taken in execution by his creditors ; will THE REVEN UE. 'he NEr PRODUCE of the REVENii. rii, 1822, and sth April, 1823, sherd 'Years end, sth April. Increase. De crease. 18n. 1U23. E of GREAT BnurArN . in the Years and Quarters !gib the Increase or Decrease on each head thereof. !Qrs. ending sth April, 1822. 1823. In crease.l De crease. 9,335,711 26,695,623 6,227,318 - 1,280,000 7,1118,708 320,483 9,406,642 25.,546,922 6,200,060 1,369,000 6,804,835 426,478 70,031 81,000 l 106,0951 '1,148,701 27,258 643,863 2;099,879 6,656,796 1,582,646 820,000 980,916 68,621 2,109,408 9,629 5,656,279 - - 1,573,854 - 330,000 10,000 861,764 - - 76,799 13,178 200,819 8,492 119,152 ABSTRICT• Of 1 ended -sth Ap, Customs - Excise - Stamps - - Post Office - Taxes Miscellaneous Ctistertis a XI Excise - Stamps - Post Office . Taxes Miscellaneous ' any man say that these Co nve y ances would have been valid vaunt the creditors ? I believe there is no doubt as to the answer which must be given. The Conveyances .were fieti, tious and colourable; and as against the creditors they' were void ; for they conveyed no property. But Can they be void as against creditors, and valid as against the King ? for . the King has - a - right to have two Members returned to Parliament, elected by a majority of the owners of freehold interests in the several Burgages within the Borough. But if the two Members returned are not elected by owners of freehold interests, they .wash in Parliament only by the no. initiation of the noble Peer himself. I believe there are about silty Membere of the House of Commons, - who thus sit in Parliament by the nomination of proprietors of Burgage-tenement Boroughs. A more number sit there by the nomination of Patrons of Boroughs. In these Boroughs the Right of Election is various. Sometimes in close Corporations '; sometimes in Free Men ; sometimes in the payers of Scot and Lot; sometime* in Pot boilers, with other various qualifications. The Patron's Merit with the Minister is, that he can supply him with the nominas , tion to these seats. It will be ask e d, w h at m i sc hi e f ar i ses from all. this ? The answer is obvious. The 111inister having thus obtained a command over a majority , of the House of Commons, -the people are deprived of that protection against immoderate taxation, which the principles of our Constitution had seem .ed. to them. Should it be asked, did the house of Cominolis ever, in fact, protect the people against immoderate tarts P I • 'answer, Yes. From the accession of the Tudors, to - the both-. .menceinent of the great rebellion, in the reign of Charlet", t.. the people wer e p rotecte d from immoderate taxation ,by, the finuse of Common s . T a k e , f or examp l e, the reign of -B e nny Vlll. in disposition th e most tyrannical of all - eur MoriarrhS. Though they yielded to every other of his wishes, they would not grant him the people's money. In vain did they urge them to these grants ; he told them repeatedly that they cheated him ; and in this he told them the truth ; for,. by Feoiliddits to Uses, the profits which he was entitled to from estates held of him in capite, were withheld from him. It WO not until the 27th year of his reign s that lie could 'pre vail on them to pass the Statute of Uses, by which the = frauds which had been practised on him were prrevented: although he had been for many years urging the •Hthise of Commons to pass this statute. I know it tray bit said, that the house of Commons consented to let him confis cate the property of the Convents ; but that property' was not under . their protection. They permitted Queen %lary / to re-establish the Roman Catholic religion ; but when she asked them to consent that the confiscated proPertyof the con vents should be restored, they refused it; far that propertywas then become the property of laymen, and was under their protection. At the commencement of the great rebellion in the time, ef Charlet' I. perhaps there was hardly any Nation . in Etiroye in which taxes were more immoderate than in England. On bne occasion during that reign, an unusua l number of subsides i was de anded n a message from the Crown. • The House was startled at the novelty ; but a Member reconciled th'eni to' the proposal by showing them bow very small a sam he, who was reputed a very rich man, should pay. Mr. Hampden had an estate of 2,0001, s.year ; the ship-money demanded from hint was only twenty shillings ; he resisted -it ; not on account of the amount, but on account of the injustice.of the demand. In the time of Charles I. Members were sent to the . ]`louse of Commons fMni those Counties,' Cities, and Borougli 4 , which sent them now. Chester and Durham, il. believe, did not send Members till th e re i gn o f Charles 1.1. The Zoe tion, however, as to the' places which have a right to send MemberS to Parliament, has been very little. But the Mi. nisterhad not then discovered the means of influencing Elec tions, I have attributed immoderate taxation to the manner in which Members are returned to the Heim of commons....._ It is not the Members returned who are alone to be corrupt. ed, but every man who contributes to the Election of the Members is to be influenced ; and the present system renders it necessary that the 'Crown should have great patronage.— Men call for retrenchment in the expenditure I but if retrench ment were carried to a beneficial extent, the Crown would he hit under Me power of an Oligarchy, themost oppressive of all Governments. I have thus stated the mischief. What is the remedy ? My answer is, a House of Cointtions interested to keep clown tares. And to secure that the House of Commons should be interested to keep 'down taxes, the Members thould not only be men of property thentselves, but should be elected by men who bare that degree of property which inay make them soli-. citons to keep taxes moderate. Retrenelimencmust be preceded by Reform. • . While Members are returned to Parliathent by , those Citi es and Boroughs which now s e nd them, is it practicable to se. Cure that they sh a ll b e e l ecte d b y men of property ? I think ft is. For instance,. in the. Burgage tenement Boroughs, Its every Elector swear, not only that he is proprietor of the Bur gage tenement for which he claims to vote, and hos hee l .to fbr a twelvemonth pi reeding the election, but let him also swear that he has a landed estate of a moderate value., say ;,?fit., a-year, in that county in which the IlOrough is situate; and if the Electors are 'found to be below 'a 'certain 'number, suppose lON let a concurrent right of voting be given to Freeholder within the County, who is owner of 1001 a.year.s... Apply the same remedy of a landed qUalifi ca ti on to other Cities and Boroughs, vary i ng the eircuinstanceit ateording t o Me direvent Right. of Election. I think it would be al s o. a d v i sa bl e t h at the qualifications of Electors for COunties should be raised from 40 Shillings to 201. a year. This would preclude the necessity 'of Fleeter's being carried to the Poll at the expence of the Oindiciates. . I know that the remedy which I suggest, is the reverse of what is recommended by the advocates for Universal Sufflitge ; but the mischief against which- I wish to protect the people, is immoderate taxation. The Members returned to the French National Asserntiy art elected by men, each of whom must have property to the value of lOot!!, sterling. • I think this. a good Right of Ekes Lion : for the Electors have an interest to elect those who Will keep taxes moderate. 1 know it may be said, that there are other articles which require to be defended as well as the subject's property; such as his life and liberty. This is true; but it is the property of the subject which the Minister wants, and it is, therefore, the property which we ought meat sslici , lough) , to.guard ; and l et it be remembered, that the Repres sentative who has an„interest to gpard. my property, because he is at the same time gtiarding his p\vn will, for the tuntie reason, be interested .to guard my life and liberty. ' I have heard it said, that Reform in the House of Como-wipe would prevent those men who have abilities, but tire withoett property, tram being Members of that 'Moe, aiiii and:these( men are very useful. lamof a difF,rent opinion, I think they are rather mischievous then useful.. I wish the House of Coin. mons not tecontinue to exercise that share in the Estleeritive . Ciovernntent which it has lately acquired. The Minister a1w144 wishes the House of Commors to vote a previous epprobation of that measur e w hi c h h e i s a b out to adopt. By tins means, he is protected from subsequent erimination. But - the Nation • is, deprived of one of the most important advantages which it' is entitled to expect from a House of Commons ; viz. An As sembly watchful - over the conduct of Ministers, and punishing them for acts injurious to their Country. 1 have given my opinion thus fully on the subject of Re. form i because I tak e ced, that either Rofonn or ReVo. lution must soon place. I wish for Reforin, and depres , cate Revolution. I have thus.ventured to give my opinion on the probability that a Reform 'of th e H ouse o f Commons will take place in (heat Britain. I have expressed my wish that a Reform may take place as being the only means : y which Revolution may be avoided. I have also expressed my opinionae to the mann er in which Return maybe maybe effected. Most certainly mere regulas tions than those which I hay esuggested will be necesstu-y. Itfembers of the House of Commons were first suriononed to Parliament to protect the King against his great NoLles ; they are now wanted 'to protect the people ageinst imnioderate noes. tion. To induce them , to atimd this protection,.! they must themselves be interested, and to secure.that ,they shill he in terested, they must be elected by men who are piiyere of:the taxes. With this view, the right of electing Aferobers must be taken from many of the small towns and transferred to time in. habitants of large towns. Some men have thought that Triino;alParliaments rn'ght I e t• l i k f ibeerh gr i i i ia ani t .o4.amy b igr e i n cuie e ilae fi sit t, :cdo tt ac t : i ii, t snn i se t tme l l i is r ig s 7 is :.:e. f it i h ie leton ni d i cooly iist)ei l int i mit s: tto.o r tr o h a tihsl w iwsca b otio i nni e m i l i o:t t lt , a gre , it:o i i i ..t i t,, z ut uv ee. : f d aerie tt techt)liotsvtoototb....!ivenmimmaigtl.eicAsentibwitht tialltipailtbey!... benefit nefit : 'Or while the House of' Common* continue to possess that share in the Executive (loyetoment which they have been allowed to usurp,: they are disqualified' to watch over the 'een duct of the Executive Government, per*" the most uftful duty which they have to discharge. 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