The Sun. — London, England, 1846-08-13 00:00:00

4 1.ERICAN NEWS. I RRIVAL OF THE CAMBRIA. (FROM OUR CO RRESPONDENT.) LIVERPOOL W EDNESD AY, HALF-PAST FOUR. ~, s tearn-ship Cambria, Captain Judkins, after 11,i'C sa ge of ten days sixteen hours, arrived here kf:ternoon, bringing eighty-four passengers, the fifteen ad. a 4 and United States mails, and papers . dtls lat er than those brought by the Fidelia. li Hibernia, which sailed from Liverpool on the NI W t., reached Boston on the Ist., in a twelve -4W -days' passage; and the Great Britain -ri vm New York in thirteen and a half days. th e ,'atriblia brings intelligence of the passing of ' ar i t. ff Bills by a majority of One. t e b lu al)3 the most important item of news broug ht te; v e C ambria is the passage in the Senate of the 414 1 4' 44 f Bill, brought forward by the present Ad titittration, reducing very materially the Whig sf 1 842. The manufacturers of New Engla nd, th lh, a mining and smelting districts of Penn keb!a, made strenuous efforts to defeat the dos s , a, and, indeed, all but succeeded in so t4c_' as the Bill became the law by the g Vote of Vice-President Dallas, who is i L , te lf returned by a district of Pennsylvania very tp "Ai 's' to low duties upon iron or coal. As usual, t . • to ok " 1 3' s ming question, a considerable debating ) (4 P l ace ' and the speeches both for and against lel on g and numerous. Webster spoke at great length against the m iti ld the que stion was taken on the 28 th, and L i pi me asure w as carried by the casting vote of Mr. kis amended only by striking out a section from N, e 441 which had received the sanction of the Re litatives The Lower House subsequently con '`zlefil •In • k h : the amendment, so that the Bill was at last 0 1 ' Mr. Haywood, from North Carolina, re 14"f:d his seat, in or d er no t to be compelled to vote i? h t 'ur of the measure. thee W arehousing Bill had not passed the House presentatives when the steamer left, but would , 1 :` : ! in all Pro b ability. I t prov id es f or th e wa re- O n g of all goods under similar regulations which t.ern the B r i t i sh Customs, except t h at the 'period ,h,.o o ding is li m i ted to a year. k tt va take the following account of the progress of the tkeneggtiation from the Philadelphia North American. tittoelPlanation which follows was not considered sods itt4lll, for it is said that the editor of the paper was klt'aiately taken into custody under a President's war ,for breach o f pr i v il eg e : — N: 4l linch as Sir Robert Peel has laid before Parliament . V, most important articles in the . C se o v n e v ra e l ntr es n p ; ec as tab l l ts e Jt ft4rtittai, a j a a ve this bee c n oun i t n ry cor . re a c s tl ( T ur str as d Washington correspondent l 'h o l h il „d us more than a month ago with a complete ef the treaty and correspondence ; as the . Senate 14 ' e a its assent to the contract, and as the ratification O Jah Government is now probably on its way across Atlan ticunder all these circumstances, and considering t 'te 'lll : l aty of the public to see the official facts, we have Nt e ,!`eg to lay all the papers that were submitted to the 4 14 oefore our readers. 13,T n I t tn , unicating this proposition, Mr. M'Lane says ex- beret nr ,_ 4 c the proposition as now tubmitte e d has lo h t a r v e e : i t 'ref ore .r euntenance. Iv o , felt it my duty to discourage the expectation . that db 'late e accepted by the President, or if submitted to the "11C:Pproved by that body.' b i lot t,,,5, further, that in his opinion, the . offer now made ttiovue considered as an ultimatum, and is not mtende kl . ' h e fr i,itait, d e k e navigation of the Columbia, It will be seen, is v3 ,- . 11 any exp ess terms in the treaty, and equally so .%"4.34 i nterpretit r ion, as it strikes us on a hasty glance, age used. - 414 4,3 (CONFIDENTIAL.) ei•Olt litt F ROM THE PRESIDENT C F THE UNITED STASES ,R IZI IIIC ATING A PROPOSITION ON THE PART O F TEM 444044 GOVERNMENT FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF T HE quasTieri. " (June 10, 1846—read.) TeT ay I s _ na SENATE OF THE UNITED STA f TES. itll4oll ore the Senate a proposal in the orm of a con tbe i vt4 anted to the Secretary of State on the 6th inst., ei (4 4 .4tio t r iZ nic E u xtr . aor t d*nary and Minister Plenipotentiary Jes y, l f the adjustment of the Oregon t thi n ' together protocol of this proceeding. I sub- Z l eBt t4roPosal to the consideration of the Senate, and re 'r a dvice as to the action which, in their judgment , alp In 4ProPer to take in reference to it. ofi h Q e a tlY periods of the Government,. the opinion and r e , ` 4 4t. .'enate were often taken in lvance upon im eatetlll, : ti ° ll s of our foreign policy. General Washington t, to ihi c tsalted the Senate, and asked their previous ad- Pri_ though h e always conformed his action. This prac - , go bt 0 rarel dto in later times, was, in my ti oNt ent, era i nen d resorted Rise, and may on occasions of great im 41ce, be proper?' d! apt re Sen a t e y c onstilti s are y a re b vi ra v n e ch of the treaty-making power, to "Ant ag them in advance of his own action, upon Ole Measures of foreign policy which may ultimately "trei c ,, a 7ore the . m for consideration, the President secures 1 ,4 6 ! of action between that body and himself. The :,134 4 - 7e moreover a branch of the war-making power, and " eminently proper for the Executive to take the tt kit e , 4 „ a nd advice of that body . in advanse upone issueany atal.eBlioll which may involve in its decisi o n or war. On the present occ a s ion the ma g nitude of i n . u i ject would. induce me, under any circumstances, to ei•L'ae previous advice of the Senate , and that desire is by the recent debates and proceedings in Congress, it ' t tender it, in my judgment, .not m . aly . respectful to the S I " , but necessary and proper, if not indispensable, to in 11,9e,"4.1Monious action between that body and the Execn itti„,'ll conferring on the Executive the authority to give 74Ctee for the abrogation of the Convention of 1827, the :te D ,, e acted publicly so large a part, that the decision on Ni„ c 'Posal now made by the British Government, without " I .te knowledge of the views of that body in reference A:11'0A render the question still more corhplicated and 'N4of adjustment. For these reasons I invite the con -104 of the Senate to the proposal of the British Go ktiteat for the settlement of the Oregon question, and ask 4 :4 eirice on the subject. 2,1 1 y 4,°,,Pinions . and my action on the Oregon questiondv t e h re e )4 4 C e e ein kt i ,; e 7li as t t o C a z i gr . es e sin my annual . message sed re th opinions therein exp i4tlchanged. irt,,oald the Senate, by the constitutional majority re f tO for the ratification of treaties, advise the acceptance th e „ . y oroposition, or advise it with such modifications as rot ay upon full deliberation deem roper, I shall con ltctih'4y action to their advice. Should the Senate, however, °lye by such constitutional majority tove such advice, dtit, l i)press an opinion on the s u bj ect, I shall consider it my . to reject the offer. ,also communicate herewith an extract from a dispatch dir est. Secretary of State to the Minister of the United ",,it t ,:. at London, under the date of the 28th of April last, ,`'tt4..` i ng him, in accordance with the joint resolutions of V' 3 ", concerning the eregon territory,' to deliver the ye to the British Government for the abrogation of the 4 k: ell .tien of August 6, 1827 ; and also a copy of the notice t t l oo 4 ll, te . d to him for that purpose, together with extracts 44,. dispatch of that Minister to the Secretary of State, date,_ the 18th of May last. L kilogton, June 10, 1846. " JAMES K. POLK." "PROTOCOL. t hd t e ° ll ference was held at the Department of State on N of June, 1846, b e t ween the Hon. James Buchanan, i ? of State, the American Plenipotentiary, and the ti , llll . Richard Pakenham, the British Plenipotentiary, '' l l? l 4 e negotiation respecting the Oregon territory was (;lip,7* The British Plenipotentiary made a verbal expla toN.7l,_of the motives which had induced her Majesty's quent to instruct him to make another proposition to 01," v ernment of the United States for the solution of OeM - existing difficulties. The Secretary of State had " 1 3 satisfaction with the friendly motives had q d the British Government in this endeavour. t . , l et ar , n . er eopon the British Plenipotentiary s ubmitted to the Oitt•Y of State the draft of a convention (marked A), ',forth the terms which he had been instructed to pro joithe Government of the United States for the settle the Oregon question. " JAMES BUCHANAN, t 1,44„ "RICHARD PAKENHAM." p r 2, follows the draught of the Convention, which is in - ' lll e words of the treaty below given.] . 113:t • BIJOINANAN TO MR. DeLANTC.—(EXTRACTaq 28 "Department of State, Washington, Apr il of the. lo t , eT ti eWith transmit a notice fo r the abrogation 1 ( 7 of August 6, 1827, bet ween Great a ßr o itain and k. i ts " States, in accordance with the terms prescribed ‘ it ki ti r e orld article. This paper you will deriver . to . her l t ta,: e Majesty in person, or to her Majesty's Principe f r ,Y; ) f State for Foreign Affairs, after you shall have '::-deq which of these modes of presenting it will be most la r i e r n ee with her Majesty's wishes. A duplicate of the t le ansmitted, to be placed on file in the archives of ` 4 k 4 f , stio ri . 4 V ta et lie abrogation of this Convention is an act cf an im -1 Pt t o a i ad solemn character, the delivery of the notice ir ti leti ro u y e t attested with all due formality. The mode is top;Rlit be made our h own d's^retion • but I would suggest that subject of a Protocol in triplicate ; one la i eth O 4 Which o t ul e dremain with the Briti di Government, l,t,!(1 - tA w th the e Legation in London, and th e third be trans the tOhle department. r emarks which you may have occasion to make on 1 4 e ' I T of the notice, the language of the preamble t o joie' "Y concerning the Oregon territory' must qIIII,'NY your guide. . . Congress have spoken their 14 I lls F ° , 1 . 11 the subject, in their joint resolution, and to this it "ue President's) and your duty to conform." k Z 0 ~~. -4k iktAFESTY VICTORIA, QUEEN OF THE . UN . ITEB ~ ,_k l Nsa T. ' • _ .' w h ost of GREAT BRITAIN . '' i • er eas, the Co ess'of the United States have .to a r d v op , te o d i ItilZtt, resolution ng co r ncerning the Oregon tern . , ‘,„, the following is a copy : Ilt 13" nereas by the convention concluded the f 2o A th ine d ri a c y a 411 t1 e t t ibr, 1 818, between the United States o li " r e I "ag of the United Kingdom of Great afterwardsßritain imea l'land, for the period of 10 years, and con- Nti nite lY extended and continued in force by another 14 the of the same parties concluded the 6th day of August, th a ile Year of our Lord 1827, it was agreed that any coun ~t . Of k tu nY be claimed by either party on the north-west coast olerica westward of the Stony or Rocky Mountai h ns, With•ftilionly called the Oregon territory, shoi . ild,.toget together li ver: ta Yarbours bays and creeks, and the navigation of all eiti z within the' same,free and open' to the vessels, di et e t ns, and subjects of the two powers, but without prejut '3il: anY claim which either of the parties might hase o ni teet of the said country • and with this further provision Au second article of the ' said convention of the 6th of sair n Bt, 18 27, that either party might abrogate and annul °th e `novention, on giving due notice of 12 months to the ,i Lnoptracting party. speev_u Whereas it has now become desirable that be deeclaints of the United States and Great Britain should th e , naely settled, and that said territory may no longer ceded'Lead be remain sabject to the evil consequences of the fai., -istaneS of its American and British population, . _ and of the confusion and conflict of national jurisdiction, dangerous to the cherished peace and good understanding of the two countries. " With a view, therefore, that steps be taken for the abro gation of the said convention of the 6th of August, 1827, in the mode prescribed in its second article, and that the atten tion of the Government of both countries may be the more earnestly directed to the adoption of all proper measures for a speedy and amicable adjustment of the differences and dis putes in regard to the said territory : "‘ Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, that the President of the United States be, and he is hereby authorised, at his discretion, to give to the Government of Great Britain the notice required by the second article of the said convention of the 6th of August, 1827, for the abroga- tion of the same.' " Now, therefore, after a careful consideration of the pre mises, J, James K. Polk, 'President of the United States, in the exercise of the authority and discretion vested in me by the said joint resolution concerning the Oregon territory,' and in pursuance of the second article of the convention of 6th August, 1827, therein mentioned, do hereby, in behalf of the United States, give notice to her Majesty, the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, that, at the end of twelve months from and after the delivery of these presents, by the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni potentiary of the United States at London, to her Britannic Majesty, or to her Majesty's principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the said convention shall be entirely annulled and abrogated. " In testimony whereof I have caused the seal of the United States to be hereunto affixed. Given under my band at Washington, thi s twenty-eighth day of April , A.D. • eighteen hundred and forty-six, and of the Indepen dence of the States the seventieth. "By the President, " JAMES K. POLK. "James Buchanan, Secretary of State." MR. M‘LANZ TO MR. BUCHANAN.—(EXTRACTS.) London, May 18, 1846. I received late in the day, on the 15th instant (Friday), your dispatch numbered 27, dated the 28th of April, 1846, transmitting a notice for the abrogation of the Convention of the 6th of August, 1827, between the United States and Great Britain, in accordance with the terms prescribed in the second article, instructing me to deliver the notice to her Britannic Majesty in person, or to her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, as will be most agree able to her Majesty's wishes, and at the same time leaving the mode of the delivery of the notice entirely at my own discretion. I will of course execute your instructions at the earliest practicable moment. As, however, I could only ascertain her Majesty's wishes, which I am directed to consult, through the Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, sufficient time has not yet been afforded for that purpose; and in the midst of the pieparation of my dis patches for the steamer to-morrow, and of my engage ments at the Foreign••office, connected with one of the topics of this letter, it has not been in my power to give to a subject of so much importance that deliberation which I am sensible a proper exercise of the discre tion confided to me requires. To-morrow, however, I propose to seek an interview with Lord Aberdeen for this purpose, and without loss of time finally to execute your instructions in the mode that may be deemed most effectual. I may add, that although it is altogether probable that the p r esentation of the notice to her Majesty in person will not be admissible, and that where a treaty may be annulled upon notice by one party, the mode of deliveiing the notice need not be dependent upon the asent of the other; yet, in the present instance, I do not apprehend there will be any diffi culty in giving and receiving the notice in a mode mutually satisfactory and in conformity with usage in such cases. I have now to acquaint you that after the receipt of your dispatches on the 15th instant by the Caledonia, I had a lengthy conference with Lord Aberdeen, on which occasion the resumption of the negotiation for an amicable settlement of the Oregon question, and the nature of the proposition he contemplated submitting, for that purpose, formed the sub ject of a full and free conversation. I have now to state that instructions will be transmitted to Mr. Pakenham by the steamer of to-morrow, to submit a new and further pro position on the part of this Government for a partition of the territory in dispute. The proposition, most probably, will offer substantially 1. To divide the territory by the extension of the line on the parallel of 49 to the sea; that is to say, to the arm of the sea called Birch's-bay, thence by the Canal de Arro and Straits of Fuca to the ocean ; and confirming to the United States, what indeed they would possess without any special confirmation, the right freely to use and navigate the strait throughout its extent. 2. To secure to the British subjects occupying lands, forts, and stations, anywhere in the region north of the Columbia and south of the 49th parallel, a perpetual title to all their lands 'and stations of which they may be in actual occu pation; liable, however, in all respects, as I understand, to the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United States, as citizens of the - United States. Similar privileges will be offered to be extended to citizens of the United States who may have settlements north of the 49th parallel; though I presume it is pretty well understood that there are no set tlements upon which this nominal mutuality could ope rate. I have no means of accurately ascertaining the ex tent of the present British settlements between the Co lumbia and the 49th Parallel. They are not believed by Lord Aberdeen to be numerous, however—consisting, as he supposes, of a few private farms and two or three forts and stationt. I have already, in a previous dispatch, taken the liberty to remind you that by their charter the Hudson's Bay Company are prohibited from acquiring title to lands, and that the occupations to be effected by this reservation have been made, either by the squatters of the company or by the Puget's Sound Land Company, for the purpose of evading the prohibition of the Hudson's Bay charter.—They are, in point of fact, also , according to Capt ain Wilkes 's account, cultivated and used chiefly by the persons employed in the service of the former company, and as auxiliary to their general business of hunting and trapping, rather than with a view, as it has been generally supposed, of colonising or of permanent settlement. Lastly. The proposition will demand for the Hudson's Bay Company the right of freely navigating the Columbia river. It will, however, as I understand, disclaim the idea of sovereignty, or of the right of exercising any jurisdiction or police whatever, on the part of the Government, or of the Company, and will contemplate only the right of navigating the river upon the same footing, and according to the same regulations, as may be applied to the citizens of the United States. 1 have already acquainted you that Lord Aberdeen has very positively and explicitly declined to treat of the navigation of the St. Lawrence in connexion with that of the Columbia; and that even if it were desirable to us to propose to offer one for the other, he would on no account enter into any negotiation in regard to the St. Lawrence. . . ..... I have seen no cause to change the opi nion, that in any attempt to divide the Oregon territory, the obligation felt by this Government to protect the rights of their subjects, which may have been acquired or grown up during the joint occupation, would most probably interpose the greatest difficulty in the way of an amicable adjustment. And it is now obvious that the proposed reservation of the right to the Hudson's Bay Company of freely navigating the Columbia, and that in favour of the British occupants north of the river, proceed from this source ; although it is proba ble that more or less pride may be felt at giving up now, without what they may deem an adequate equivalent, what has been hitherto tendered by our negotiators. Infect, except in the surrender.to the United States of the title of the lands not occupied by British subjects between the Columbia and the 49th parallel, and also the surrender of the jurisdiction over the river and the country within the same limits, I am afraid it may, with some plausibility, be contended that there is no material difference between the present proposition and that offered to Mr. Gallatin by Messrs. Addington and Huskisson, the British negotia tors, in 1827. It is scarcely necessary for me to state that the proposi • tion, as now submitted, has not received my countenance. • • • • . . I have therefore felt it my duty to discourage the expectation that it would be accepted by the President, or, if submitted to that body, approved by the Senate. I do not think there can be much doubt, however, that an impression has been produced here that the Senate would acs cept the proposition .now offered, at least without any mate rial modification, and that the President would not take the responsibility of rejecting it without consulting the Senate. If there be any reasonable ground to entertain such an im pression, however erroneous, an offer less objectionable, in the first instance at least, could hardly be expected. It may be considered certain, also, in my opinion, that the offer now to be made is not to be submitted as an ulti matum, and is not intended as such, though I have reason to know Mr. Pakenham will not be authorised to accept or reject any modification that may be proposed on our part; bat that he will, in such case, be instructed to refer the mo dification to his Government. It is not to be disguised, since the President's annual mes sage, and the public discussion that has subsequently taken place in the Senate, it will be difficult, if not impossible, to conduct the negotiation in its future stages, without refer ence to the opinion of senators, or free from speculation as to any degree of control they may exercise over the result. Whatever, therefore, might be prudent and regular in the ordinary course of things, I think it is of the utmost import ance, upon the present occasion, if the President should think proper to prop ose any modification of the offer to be made by Mr. Pakenham, that the modification should be understood as possessing the concurrence of the co-ordinate branch of the treaty power. It is not easy to conjecture with any certainty the extent to which this Government might be induced to modify the proposition, even if they should be assured that the Senate, no less than the President, demanded it. It must not escape observation that during the preceding Administra tion of our Government, the extension of the line on the 49th parallel to the Straits of Fuca , as now proposed bv Lord Aberdeen, was actually suggested by my immediate predecessor as one he thought his Government might ac cept; and that, in regard to those English subjects who would be left within American jurisdiction by adopting that boundary, he considered the provisions of the second article of Jay's Treaty as a precedent for a convenient mode of deal ing with them. By the second article of Jay's Treaty, however, British subjects would not only be secured in the absolute title of all their lands and effects, as fully as by Lord Aberdeen's proposition, but would be allowed the option to continue as British subjects, and without any allegiance to the Govern ment of the United States, which, according to Lord Aber deen's offer, as I understand it, they would not possess. In point of fact, therefore, the substantial points of the present offer, and those which may be expected to be regarded as most objectionable, are little more than the embodiment of the various offers and suggestions which at different times have, in some form or other, proceeded from our own nego tiations. I have myself always believed, if the extension of the line of boundary on the 49th parallel by the Straits of Fuca to the sea would be acceptable to our Government, that the demand of a right freely to navigate the Columbia river could be comprised upon a point of time by conceding it for such a period as might be necessary for the trade of the Hud son's Bay Company, north and south of the 49th parallel. Entertaining great confidence in that opinion, and deeming it only reasonable, I confess that, from an early period, I have used every argument and persuasion in my power to re concile Lord Aberdeen to such a limitation ; and although I am quite aware that, with a portion of the British public, an importance it by no means deserves is attached to the navi gation of the Columbia river, and that in others it is unde servedly regarded as a point of pride, I have been disap pointed by the pertinacity with which it has been, at so much risk, insisted upon. Feeling very sure, however, that the present offer is not made or intended as an ultimatum, I think it only reasonable to infer an expectation on the part of those who are offering it, not only that modifications may be suggested, but that they may be reasonably required. And, therefore, I still entertain the opinion that, although from a variety of causes—in part, perhaps, from an expectation that in the United States this point may not be absolutely insisted upon, and part from deference to interests and impressions at home—they could not be induced in the first instance to make an offer with such a qualification; yet, if the adjust ment of the question should be found to depend upon this point only, they would yield the demand to the permanent na vigation of the river, and be content to accept it for such a number of years as would afford all the substantial advantages of those interests they have particularly in view that could be reasonably desired. Ifthe only question upon which the adjust ment of the Oregon question depended should be whether the navigation of the Columbia river should be granted for a pe riod sufficient to serve. all the purposes of British subjects within the disputed territory, or whether the right should be extended indefinitely to a particular class of British subjects, I must believe that no English statesman in the face of his denial of a similar privilege to American citizens in regard to the St. Lawrence, would take the hazard, upon this point alone, of distnrbing the peace of the world. Indeed, if the same Ministry from whom the present offer proceeds should con tinue masters of their own proposition by remaining in office until the qualification am adverting to would have to be dealt with, I should feel entire confidence in the belief I have now expressed. I regret to say, however, that I have not the least expecta tion that a less reservation, if proposed in favour of the occupants of land between the Columbia and the 49th parallel, would be assented to. I may repeat my conyiction, founded upon all the discussions in which I have .been engaged here, that in making partition of the Oregon terri tory the protection of those interests which have grown up during the joint occupation is regarded as an indispensable obligation on the score of honour, and as one im possible to be neglected. I am quite sure that it was at one time in contemplation to insist upon the free na vigation of the Columbia river for :British subjects and Bri tish commerce generally, and that it has been ultimately confined to the Hudson's Company after groat resistance, and in the end most reluctantly. Being so confined, how ever, it would be only reasonable to limit the employment of the right to a period beyond which the company might have no great object to use the river for the purposes of trade. But the interests of the British subjects who have settled upon and are occupying lands nortb, of the 49th degree are considered as permanent, and entitled, when passing under a new jurisdiction, to have their possession secured. This, at least, is the view taken of the subject by this Government, and not at all likely, in my opinion, to be changed. I may add, too, that I have not the least reason to suppose it would be possible to obtain the extension of the 49th pa rallel to the sea; so as to give up the Southern Cape of Van couver's Island to the United States. It may not be amiss, before leaving this subject, to call your attention to the position of the present Ministry. The success of their measures respecting the proposed commercial relaxations is quite certain, and the Corn Bill, having now finally passed the House of Commons, may be expected at no remote day to pass the Lords by a majority no less decisive. From that time, however, the tie which has hitherto kept the \Vhig party in support of Sir Robert Peel, will be dis solved ; and the determination of the protectionist party, who suppose themselves to have been betrayed, to drive him from office, has lost none of its vigour or power. Indeed, it is confidently reported, in quarters entitled to great respect, that they have even offered to the leader of the Whig party to select his own time, and that when he is ready they will be no less prepared to force Ministers to resign. I have rea son:to know that at present Ministers themselves believe a change to be inevitable, and are considering only the mode and the time in which it will most likely happen. It will not be long after the success of the measures for the repeal of the corn-law before opportunities enough for the accomplishment of this object will occur. The Factory Bill, regulating the hours of labour, will afford one, and most probably that on which the change, sooner or later, must be unavoidable, and that the offer has been made to the probable head of a new Ministry to select his own time, may it not be expected that, instead of waiting quietly to allow the Whig leader to select the time of coming in, the present Minister will rather select his own time and mode of going out, and with his usual sagacity, so regulate his retire ment as to leave as few obstacles as possible to his restora tion to power ? In that case it is not very unlikely he would prefer going out upon the Factory Bill, before taking ground upon more important measures—and if so, it will not sur prise me to witness the coming in of a new Ministry at the end of June, or earlier. With a knowledge of the proposition now to be made, I am not prepared to say that one more ob jectionable might have been apprehended from a Whig Ministry, unless, indeed, the present Government may be supposed to be prepared to accept the qualifications, when proposed by the President, which it was unwilling at first to offer. Upon that supposition, it might be desirable that the modifications should be offered before the coming in of a new Minister, who, finding only the acts of his predecessors, with out a knowledge of his intentions, might not be so ready to take the responsibility of assenting to a change. THE suN, LONDON, TIIITRSDAY _EVENING, AUGUST l3, 1846. TO THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES, In accordance with the resolution of the Senate of the 12th instant, that " the President of the United States be and is hereby advised to accept the proposal of the British Govern ment, accompanying his Message to the Senate, dated 10th June, 1846, for a Convention to settle boundaries, &c., be tween the United States and Great Britain, west of the Rocky or Stony Mountains," a Convention was concluded and signed on the 15th instant, by the Secretary of State on the part of the United States, and the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of her Britannic Majesty on the part of Great Britain. This Convention I now lay before the Senate for their consideration, with a view to its ratification. Washington, June 10, 1846. JAMES K. POLK. (CONFIDENTIAL.) Convention between the United States of America and her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, concluded at Washington the 15th of June, 1846. June 16, 1846.—Read a first time. June 17, 1846.—Read a second time, and ordered to be printed in confidence for the use of the Senate. The United States of America and her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, deem iag it to be desirable, for the future welfare of both countries, that the state of doubt and uncertainty which has hitherto Prevailed respecting the sovereignty and government of the territory on the north-west coast of America, lying westward of the Rocky or Stony Mountains, should be finally termi nated by an amicable compromise of the rights mutually as serted .by the two parties over the said territory, have re spectively named plenipotentiaries to treat and agree con cerning the terms of such settlement : that is to say, the President of the United States of America, has en his part furnished with full powers James Buchanan, Secretary of State of the United States, and her Majesty, the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, has on her part appointed the Right Hon. Richard Pakenham, a member of her Majesty's Most Hon. Privy Council, and her Ma jesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States, who after having communicated to each ether their respective full powers, formed in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following ar- ides : current rates, par. The passage of the tariff has had no effect on the markets so far. Exchange on England continues depresso • nt seldom reached. Sterling Bills are selling at 107* to 1071, which is much below the relative value of specie. This de pression will probably continue for some months. The tariff will not go into effect till December; orders for goods will, consequently, be suspended until that period. Importations are now very light, and for four months to come will continue to ha small. The shipments of cotter, flour, wheat, ald rye have been Freights have been unusally good Or the whole season. unusually large, and continue. All the packets as well as transient ships havo been taken up readily; and rates have been geuerAlly low, but not advanced from what they usually are at this season. The wheat crop t - nroughout the country is now harvested. In the rrHs grain growing districts of the west, with but Env sections excepted, the yield has been most abundant. For other descriptions of grain prospects are most flattering. We are now in the midst of the dullest season of business. The trade of the city is small at present. The fall tree commences in a few weeks. The news from Mexico is not important. At the last account from the city of Mexico, Paredes was still there, though it was still stated he was to take command of the army. It seemed to be the general impression that the Mexican Govern ment intended to make another struggle against their invaders, though from inward troubles, disor ganisation, and want of funds, it was difficult to believe it would meet with success. Several small affairs had taken place near Vera Cruz, between the troops along the shore and the ships assembled in the Gulf, but nothing worthy of notice had occurred. No attempt was to be made against St. Juan Dulloa, the general impression being, that sufficient benefit would not accrue from its capture to com pensate for the certain loss its attack would cause. Business in the Atlantic Cities continued very dull, the principal business people being rusticating, owing to the intensely hot weather. Exchange at New York on England, 7 a 7* pm. FROM THE ARMY. The steamship James L. Day, Captain Griffin, ar rived at New Orleans on the 18th instant, from Brazos Santiago, which place she left on the 15th. The news is four days later and of considerable inte rest, and especially as the announcement that a deputa tion from the British navy arrived at Fort Polk upon business with General Taylor, calculated to excite curio sity and speculation. The troops were being sent for ward as fast as the means of transportation and the high water would allow. The Andrew Jackson regi ment left. for Reynosa on the 9th instant, and Colonel Davis moved up the river on the 10th instant. An article in the American Flag, of the 10th instant, informs us that broils occasionally break out between the volun teers and the Mexicans, resulting in death. That paper states that General Taylor uses every exertion to pre vent perscns attached to the army from disturbing the citizi.ns of Matamoras. The Mexican authorities are urged to use more at tention in keeping their citizens in order, and dispersing them when engaged in riotous proceedings. Some of Canales' men are supposed to be lurking abont Mats moras for purposes of rapine and murder. A young American soldier was found near the office of the American Flag on the 9th instant with his throat dreadfully cut, and his heart pierced with several dangerous wounds ; the murderer has not yet been dis covered. The Rio Grande was still rising on the 10th. In several places about Matamoras it had overflowed its banks. FOURTH OF JULY IN MEXICO. Advices from New Orleans to the evening of the 15th have been received at Washington, with letters from Matamoras of July 3 and 5. General Taylor announced to two of the regiments on the 4th, that in a few days he would have boats to tran- , sport them to Camargo, whence he would put them directly in motion for Monterey, and if they got no fight before the summer closed, it would not be his fault. The papers of Texas and Matamoras are full of details of the celebration of the 4th. The rains were holding up. Some sickness prevailed, mostly bowel complaints. The measles had appeared in Mark's regiment, and seve ral men were down with the complaint. Mr. D. E. Gray had arrived in Reynosa from the upper country, by way of Monterey, and reported the Mexicans full of apathy to the war. Five hundred Mexican volunteers at Monclova had refused to serve on hearing of Taylor's victories. Some disaffection among the Louisiana volunteers had appeared, but it would be settled, having been referred to General Smith. The wounded and sick were doing well at Fort Polk. Accounts from the Army, dated at Matamoras, July 8, and at Point Isabel, July 11, have come forward by mail, having been received at New Orleans on the 15th, per steamer New York. Letters from Reynosa had been received as late as the 30th June. We are in debted to the editors of the New Orleans Picayune for an extra, containing their correspondence, which has been anticipated in part by the telegraph. General Taylor had ten steamers at Matamoras, with which to move his rapidly increasing forces up the river, on the .way to Monterey, via Reynosa, and which was being accomplished as rapidly as possible. The United States revenue cutter Forward, the schooner Flirt, and the British brig of war Rose were off Point Isabel. The Empressario, aground on the bar, had been got off. The 4th of July was duly celebrated at all the encampments. Considerable alarm prevailed among the Mexicans, in consequence of the discharges of artillery in the morning. Many of them fled from their houses, but returned on learning the cause of the " great sko.re." Corporal Mervin, a Louisiana volunteer, was accidentally killed on the 4th, by the rebound of a line attached to the steamer Aid. Another paper, the Anteri can Flag, has been established at Matamoras. The Rerille is now printed exclusively in English. The 7th Infantry moved up to Camarago on the 6th instant. Captain M'Cullough's Rangers whilst out on a scout in the vicinity of Reynosa, capturred three of the party who were engaged in the Rodger's massscre on the Sal Colorado some two months ago. One of the three ma naged to escape, but the other two are in safe keeping at Reynosa. They will be sent down to Gen. Taylor the first opportunity. A ball having been given at Monterey to General Arista's retreating forces, among those who offered their hands for a waltz with the Mexican ladies, were some of the fellows who had danced so nimbly to a different tune at the Itesaca. The answer of the ladies was noble, and at the same time cutting to a degree :—" We do not dance with our own sex 1" Matamoras wears the appearance of a faubourg of New Orleans, and partakes of some of its characteristics, numerous dis graceful scenes having occurred on the night preceding the fourth. Five or six Mexicans are said to have been killed by drunken brawlers, Texian camp followers. General Henderson, of Texas, was recovering from a severe attack of illness from which he had suffered. Colonel Lewis P. Cook had also been very ill, and it was at one time reported that he was dead. He was convalescent at last accounts. The steamer New York brought as passengers Colonel M'lntosh and son, Lieutenant Bibb, Lieutenant Power, and Lieutenant Lown, Twenty discharged soldiers also came over in her. Colonel M'lntosh has recovered in a great measure from his wounds. General Taylor has issued the following : Head Quarters, Army of Occupation, No. 59. Matamoras, July 3, 1846. Sir,—lt has been brought to my notice that an omis sion occarred in my detailed report of the action of the 9th, which I beg leave to supply immediately after the mention of Lieut. Colonel Mackintosh's being" twice severely wounded :" " The command of the sth Infantry then devolved upon Major Staniford, who conducted it with zeal and ability to the close of the engagement." I need hardly say, that this omission was entirely ac cidental, and I beg, as an act of justice to Major Sta niford as well as myself, that the above paragraph may be inserted in the original report, and may receive the same publicity.—l am, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, Z. TAYLOR, Brevet Major General The Adjutant General of the Army. (Signed) f 'BEARD'S PHOTOGRAPHY.—In- former notices of Mr. Beard's success, in carrying out and improving upon Daguerre's magnificent discovery, that painting can be exe cuted with a "pencil of light," we have expressed our anti cipation, that, in the progress of "Photography," the scien tific patentee would at length arrive at the power of fixing upon his plates not only form, or that simple modification of colour, which is called light and shade, but even colour itself, in all its combinations. Of course, in speaking of such anti cipations, we had no idea of any " touching up," or painting over the photagraphic picture after the sun had done his work. We expected that the time would come, and, before long, when Mr. Beard would be able to catch the rays, and permanently stamp them on his panels, not merely in theirwhite union or prismatic dispersion, but in every variety of combina tion which the eye of Rembrandt has observed, and the hand of Reubens vainly endeavoured to imitate. The last specimens of photography which we have seen from Mr. Beard's studio at the Royal Polytechnic Institution, convinces us that we have not hoped too much. It happens, strangely enough, that the first approach to the production of colours by the pho tographic process, is found in the EYES! whereas in those, the most expressive and soul-speaking of the features, it bad always been observed that pictures produced in this way were especially defective—that, in fact, the eyes were ght neces be sity lhe complexion of always more or less cold, ghastly, and inexpres sive; and were,always of one colour, whatever might the countenance which it was intended to pourtray. We now find the various tints of the iris preserved upon Mr. Beard's photographic plate, with as much delicacy as those minute and fine touches of form, which no pencil of artist could imitate, and which hither to h ave formed the unmatch able excellence of photograph ic p or traits. The portraits of some children with very light, delicate bl ue e y e s, just issued from Mr. Beard's laboratory, are extraordinary as well as beautiful specimens of the perfection to which that gentle man has brought life in portraiture. REDUCTION OF WAGES. ASIITON-UNDER-LYNE, AUGUST 11.—The master roller turners of Stockport, Park bridge, Oldham, Ashton-under Lyne, Dukingfield, and other places, have given notice to their workmen that at the ex piration of the next fortnightly Pay they would be under the necessity of reducing their wages to the amount of five per cent., owing to the badness of trade. This announcement has created considerable feeling amongst the turners of this district, who appear determined to oppose it, and for this purpose they convened a delegated meeting on Monday, at the house of Mr. Thomas Moss, the Grapes Inn, Ashton under-Lyne, when, the subject having been fully discussed, they passed the following resolution i--46 That we unani mously agree to work four days in the week, should circum stances in connexion with the trade require it, but on no account will we submit to the proposed reduction of 5 per cent. of our wages." Several other branches of mill workers are threatened with reductions, and they are at the present time again forming themselves into unions to resist them. The power-loom weavers of the town of Stalybridge are holding a public meeting of their numerous body this even ing,for the purpose of carrying out the principles of union. CRITICAL A L ND IT H E I RA s TO T R I c R A ESSAYS. By Thom Babington Macaulay. 3 Vols. Fourth Edition. criticism upon essays which are in themselves criti cirims, appears, and with some reason, to be one of the aomalies of literature. Every one must perceive this Lpon reading any of the innumerable commentaries • which have been written upon the labours of Dacier, :and Johnson, and Gifford, and the rest of that honour ':able fraternity. Our remarks therefore, upon these - twenty-three essays, first published in the Edinburgh Review, must necessarily possess that characteristic; - they must necessarily be anomalous. We will acknow ledge, moreover, that the many excellencies contained in these volumes, the luxuriance, and yet the polish, of the composition ; the subtlety, and yet the transparency, of the analysis ; the splendour, and yet the propriety, of the diction ; the simplicity, and yet the enthusiasm, of the eloquence ; all of which qualities are now generally recognised, andgenerally admired, render any recommen dation of them altogether superfluous. The principalpur pose, therefore, in the present notice is one of comment rather than of anatomy. We would avail ourselves of the opportunity presented, by a new edition of these productions, to particularise the various peculiarities of Mr. Macaulay's style—peculiarities which sometimes adorn the pages with a novel and beautiful lustre, but which might occasionally fascinate any inexperienced peruser in a wrong direction. The compositi ons o f M r . Macaulay are unike the compositions of any other writer ; they are as dissimilar to Gibbon's compo sitions' as Gibbon's are to Johnson's, or Johnson's to Addison's. The construction of the sentences although always in accordance with the rubrics of grammar, is occasionally new even to eccentricity. The language is invariably selected with the most fas tidious taste ; the foreign words which have been im perceptibly engrafted upon out native tongue are rejected ; the words of a purely Saxon origin abound in every paragraph, conveying the ideas vigorous and musically. We know no writer who so entirely gains the mastery over the prejudices of his reader as Mr. Macau lay. His manner is singularly disputatious; but, as he himself says of the late Lord Holland, it is " cour teously and pleasingly disputatious." His themes ap pear to have been usually selected for the purpose of rectifying some prodigious mis-statement, of disabusing the public mind of some egregious misconception, of placing important events or extraordinary charac ters in their true light, whenever they have been misrepresented, either by unnecessary aspersions or undeserved panegyrics. For example—the review of Mr. Robert Montgomery's poems was a wholesome castigation of all poetasters, and it was, we believe, the first manly criticism that revealed the fact to certain credulous old gentlemen and elderly ladies, that the man whose books they were encouraging edition after edition, whose busts were on their mantlepieces, and whose portraits were in their picture frames, was, after all, little else than a literary charlatan ; that his sublimity was rant, his tenderness puerility, his grandeur fustian, his rhymes doggrel. Again, the article on Machiavelli was a noble and successful effort to redeem a very eminent man from an obloquy which was not only undeserved but which had been sanctioned by the acquiescence of entire empires and successive generations. Mr. Macaulay, in this admirable paper, reasoned that the principles inculcated by the great Tus can statesman in his somewhat notorious " Prince" were merely such as were in vogue among the politicians of his age—that they were principles in which his con temporaries recognised no depravity—that they were published without malice prepense—that the author of " The Prince" was at heart a patriot, and inclined to promote good government, and that whatever atrocity is discoverable in those principles should in justice be charged to the generation of which Ma chiavelli was an unit, and not to Machiavelli individually, merely because he happened to expound those principles with more perspicuity and brilliancy than any other of his countrymen. In the audacity of this endeavour to correct a blunder which had been con firmed by the accordance of millions, and by the lapse of centuries there was something chivalrous; and in the complete triumph of that endeavour there was some thing solemn and affecting. Mr. Macaulay did, with less labour, but with equal success, for Machia velli what Mr. Carlyle has subsequently done for Cromwell. Both men have been reviled with the intensest acrimony ; one as the most callous and in tollerant of hypocrites, the other as the most vicious and shameless of villains. Oliver Cromwell, before Mr. Carlyle undertook his vindication, had been scorned as the very impersonation of religious cant ; the digging up of his dead body, and the hanging of it up in chains upon a gibbet at Tyburn was regarded by the multitude as an ignominy not wholly unmerited ; the figure of the Protector shedding tears in his paroxysms of devotion, and alternately thumbing the Bible and fingering his matchlock, was regarded as the most contemptible spe cimen of the most heartless hypocrisy. Machiavelli, on the other hand, had been abhorred as the advocate of a diabolical system of despotism ; his memory was execrated as infamous ; his writings were condemned as demoralising, both by civil and ecclesiastical tribunals; the blackest crimes since perpe trated by tyrants have been attributed to the influence of his accursed doctrines, and in our own country his name has actuallybecome incorporated with the language as a synonyme for villainy and depravity. Mr. Carlyle has, by a quaint earnestness and a felicity of candour, revealed to us the true Cromwell. Mr. Macaulay has, by a most lucid and a most graceful exposition of an epoch is Italian history, revealed to us the true Machiavelli. That fog of prejudice which had intercepted the popular view of those men, and which had distorted them into the most monstrous deformity, was dispelled. The distance of centuries became suddenly nullified by the clearness of the medium of vision, and we beheld the veritable forms of those veritable men, with all their real imperfections and all their real merits. Miss Balcombe, in her "Recollections of Napoleon," tells us, if our memory be not marvellously deceived, that when quite a child, at " The Briars," in St. llelena, she shuddered at the terrible news that Bonaparte was approaching the house. Her imagination was filled with the phantom of a hideous ogre, with flaming eyes, and bristling hair, and hands armed with talons, and jaws ever ready to devour a fresh victim of his demonised and bloodthirsty nature. Nor was this creature of her fancy annihilated until she saw a horseman, surrounded by a brilliant staff of officers, galloping over her father's lawn—until she saw a small, but symmetrical form—until she looked into his benign and beautiful countenance, listened to the gentle intonations of his voice, and was told that this was Napoleon. The ogre of Miss Balcombe's imagination was not more unreal or extravagant than the ogres of Cromwell and Machiavelli, such as the populace had pictured to themselves before Mr. Macaulay and Mr. Carlyle had boldly advanced and impeached the judg ment of millions of their predecessors : nor were the people less amazed on first beholding the real Machia velli and the real Cromwell than was Miss Balcombe on first beholding the real Napoleon. We have been lured into this digression from the importance which we are inclined to attach to this particular essay; because, moreover, we would direct the attention of those to it who may by possibility have hitherto re mained ignorant of its character; and especially because we conceive, that in that single article are com prised all the most remarkable and beautiful pecu liarities of its eminent author. His impassioned and melodious expostulations ; his elucidations by skilful antitheses; his logical enumeration of facts and arguments ; his exquisite and sometimes fantastic metaphors ; his striking alternations of abrupt ness and fluency ; his earnestness, his zeal for truth, his love of brilliant and startling thoughts ; the silver melody and exceeding purity of his diction. If Mr. Macaulay possesses one faculty in writing more remarkably than another it is the faculty of illustration. His mind teems with an astonishing profusion of images for the symbolising of any idea. Classical literature, history, the productions or phases of nature, poetry, the fine arts, fiction, manufactures, everything by turn supplies him with a similitude, dis playing at once the ingenuity of his fancy, the facile obedience of his memory, the abundance and the range of his erudition. By one of these adroit metaphors he will, moreover, convey a juster notion of his meaning to the reader than another man would do in a dozen elaborate paragraphs of explana tion; they often throw a glare of light upon a matter that an instant before was enveloped in darkness; what was previously indistinct to the extremest limits of obscurity, under their influence, becomes suddenly comprehensible to 'the most mediocre understand ing. Sometimes, indeed, his illustrations in this manner are so unexpected, and there is such a vivid analogy between the two things compared as lite rally amounts to wit, and wit of the most sterling and lustrous description. Thus, in the paper already parti cularised, he compares the double character com bined in the intellect of Machiavelli to "the va riegated threads of shot silk, the combination of which gives to the whole texture a glancing and ever-clanging appearance." The comparison also drawn between the poetical schools of Pope and Milton, and the pictures of Paradise, as represented in an old wood cut and a masterpiece of painting, is inimitable.— Vide. Vol. 1.,p. 329. We might, indeed, enumerate multi tudes f these similes, were it not utterly a matter of supererogation, seeing that there is scarcely a single page that is not decorated by them, scarcely a single subject that does not evoke them, scarcely a single train of ideas in the three volumes that does not derive from them much adventitious brightness and many most charming associations. Another striking peculiarity in the compositions of Mr. Macaulay is that of ingenious contrasts. Here our author is always and singularly happy. His contrast of the Puritan and and the old Cavalier (Vol. 1., p. 49-55) ; his contradis tinction between the ancient philosophy and the modern philosophy (Vol. IL, p. 396-404) ; his comparison of I)ante and Milton, of Essex and Villiers, with a variety of others, too numerous to particularise, are, in their way, perfect specimens of the chiaroscuro of letters. They impart a remarkable vividness to the delineations ; they bring out events in distinct groups, such as are readily seized by the imagination and indelibly imprinted on the memory; they give the keenest chiselling to the features of a face, and the brightest colouring to the portraiture of an occurrence. Among the three-and-twenty distinct papers comprised in this collection, we should be embar rassed to make a selection of the most meritorious. The apple of Paris was not reserved from a deeper sense of incapacity to arrive at a decision than would our judgment be withheld in this par ticular. Whatever article we have perused the latest we prefer to its companions : every additional perusal alters our opinion. Nevertheless each of the essays, whether historical or critical, possesses some especial attraction peculiar to itself, and in which it admits of no competition. Mr. Macaulay is gifted with an intellect at once asthetical and contemplative. He is equally at home when expatiating upon the elements of high art, or in accounting for the motives of a statesman. His elaborate disquisition upon Lord Bacon is a splendid tribute of reverence to one of the greatest minds that was ever granted to mortal, while it rigidly ad heres t i the statement of those mournful facts which invest the glorious memory of that man with so much of incongruous shame and infamy. The intellectual strength and moral weakness of our noblest philosopher are there pourtrayed with the utmost impartiality. The same veneration for truth, kindles the writer's enthusiasm in one instance, and arouses his indignation in the other. He is consistent to his own tenets ; he acts upon his ab horrence for what in one place he designates " the Lues Roswelliana, or disease of admiration ;" in another, " the id ola tribes," and in a third " the Furor Bi ographi ens:" He contemns, and with the strictest justice that leniency to faults, that tendency to eulogium, that indiscriminate partiality evinced by biographers for the personages whose characters they have undertaken to define. Loving eternal truth and immutable justice better than sounding names, Mr. Macaulay reprobates Bacon where Bacon deserves repro bation, and reverences him where he deserves reverence. And, as an evidence that our author is not incapable of entertaining some sentiments of enthusiastic admiration for an illustrious memory where the memory is suffi ciently illustrious and unsullied to justify such sentiments, it is pleasant to peruse that earnest termination of his paper on Milton, where he pictures himself in the presence of the poet, and continues, " We image to ourselves the breath less silence in which we should listen -to his slightest word, and the passionate veneration with which we should kneel to kiss his hand and weep upon it." Notwithstanding the apology (volunteered by the writer himself, in his pre • face) for this essay being " overloaded with gaudy and un graceful ornament," and notwithstanding that this blemish is really apparent towards its commencement, especially in that redundant sentence where he speaks of the muse of Milton being able " to skim the earth, to soar above the clouds, to bathe in the Elysian dew of the rainbow, and to inhale the balmy smells of nerd and cassia, which the mushy wings of the zephyr scatter through the cedared alleys of the Hesperides ;"—notwithstanding all this, our partiality for this paper on the divine genius of the writer of Paradise Lost is cordial and unaffected. It is eloquent with the heart's devotion, and is teeming with a thousand original and picturesque fancies. If indeed for nothing else, that essay would be particu larly valuable as a proof of how the ornate splendour of a young author can be modulated to a style as mellow and as luminous as that in which Mr. Macaulay now writes: how the abundance of blossoms and of foliage may be succeeded by blooming and delicious fruit. Such fruit, for example, as the essay on Lord Clive, on Sir William Temple, on John Hampden, on Boswell's Life of Johnson. The criticism on Croker's edition of Boswell is, to our thinking, one of the finest pieces in these three volumes. It begins with a terrible enumeration of the blemishes introduced into that inimitable biography ; blemishes as much resulting from the ignorance as the carelessness of its incompetent and self-sufficient editor. It then eulogises the production of that Prince of Toadies, Boswell, while it covers the latter with the deadly poison of ridicule. The passages which follow this, illustrative of the progress of literature, but especially of poetry, during the John sonian era, are blended with judicious comments upon the powers and the weaknesses of that great sage—that man who could " grapple with a whole library," and yet could not conquer the most puerile superstitions ! Among the most elaborate of Mr. Macaulay's critical essays are the one on Hallam's Constitutional History, the one on Sir James Mackintosh, the one on Southey's Colloquies on Society, the one on Leigh Hunt, and the one on Horace Walpole. They are all characterised by a fastidious yet liberal taste, a lively perception of the idiosyncrasies of the various writers, and a stern and inflexible regard to accuracy. Among the historical are those on the Earl of Chatham, the Succession in Spain, Burleigh and his Times, Ranke's History of the Popes, Warren Hastings, and others already mentioned. From the singular impartiality displayed in the latter, as well as from the lucid manner of the narration, we may be readily justified in looking forward with the most sanguine anticipations to the great history which Mr. Macaulay is understood to have in preparation. Nevertheless, if we might be permitted to presume upon any recommendation of the kind, we would earnestly and respectfully commend Mr. Macaulay to digest one or two of his conclusions upon events in English history before his volume be permitted to issue from the press. We would, fer instance, hope that his acute mind might before then re-investigate the ecclesiastical con duct, so to speak, of Sir Thomas More, that he would re-peruse the "Apology" of that great man, and especially the thirty-sixth chapter, and after so doing h e wou ld divest himself of what we believe, from our hearts, to be the erroneous opinion that Sir Thomas More was gu il ty of fanatical intolerance. The article upon Warren Hastings may be particularised as perhaps the most elaborate composition in these three splendid volumes. It is not unworthy of being a compendium and counterpoise to the grandest philippic of modern times ; it corrects the indignation aroused by the rheto rical libels of Sheridan ; it places in a correct light a subject which has possibly been more repeataly and more egregiously misrepresented than any connected with the atrocities of war and the woes of misgovernment. It explains, that while Governor-General Hastings was most reprehensible for selling the English troops to Sujah Dowlah, for a purpose so execrable as the conquest of the unoffending Rohillas, the massacre of an innocent race, and the devastation of a peaceful country, those directors of the East India Company who were the foremost to wreak vengeance upon Warren Hastings scere no less guilty than himself. That when they recommended him to govern the Indian mil lions with leniency, and at the same time required him to remit thousands of specie from an impoverished exchequer they were tempting him to the commission of fraud and despotism. Hastings is likewise vindicated from the charge of murder, in causing the execution of Maharajah Nuncomar, the great Brahmin; the whole obloquy of that et uel deed being cast upon Chief Justice Sir Elijah Impey. Throughout the literary labours of Mr. Macaulay, it is as impossible not to recognise his pro found and untiring reverence for Truth as it is not to discern the erudition of the scholar and the accomplishments of the rhetorician in his musical periods and antithetical climaxes. One brief, but touching and eloquent paper, will elicit the praise of every reader— we mean the beautiful tribute of affection and respect to the memory and genius of Lord Holland. We have spoken more than once of Mr. Macaulay's eloquence as a writer, and we would have it particularly observed that the word is not here employed as a mere hack phrase in criticism. Those who have perused Mr. Macaulay's productions will readily comprehend how fully the expression " eloquence" may be applied to them—how much, in that characteristic, those produc tions are akin to the Parliamentary orations of the Pay master of her Majesty's Forces—what an intimate ana logy subsists in this respect between his "Essays," his speeches, and his " Lays of Ancient Rome." Who does not, for instance, remember that noble passage com memorative of the antiquity and the stability of the Catholic Church, terminating with that superb image of her existence in undiminished vigour—" When some traveller from New Zealand shall, in the midst of a vast solitude, take his stand on a broken arch of London bridge to sketch the ruins of St. Paul's?" It would be frivolous, however, to endeavour to give any isolated passage as a specimen of these writings. It would be the fool of Hierocles all over again, bringing a brick as a sample of his house. Mr. Macaulay has, indeed, given us more than a mere inkling of his literary powers ; and though be himself may regard these essays within difference, as unworthy of what he feels himself capable of accomplishing, they are anything but unworthy of a language which has been adorned by a Gibbon, a Gold smith, and a Burke. Mr. Macaulay may be privileged to depreciate these volumes, as he appears to do in his simple and dignified preface, but others will not be in fluenced even by that authoritative depreciation. Though sometimes abrupt, even to rigidity and ruggedness, the style is always luminous, the sentiments generally just, and the earnestness invariably unaffected. The vo -umes will live to posterity. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert, and their Majesties the King and Queen of the Belgians, took a drive to Ryde on Tuesday afternoon. Yesterday morning, at half-east nine o'clock, their Majesties the King and Queen of the Belgians left Os borne House for town. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied their august visitors, in the royal yacht, to Gosport. Their Belgian Majesties left Gosport, by a special train on the South-Western Railway, for town, attended by the Countess Vilain XIV. and Lord George Lennox, Lord Alfred Paget and Major A. dlianins de Moerkerke. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, took their usual walks and rides yesterday in the pleasure grounds of Osborne House. Their Mak sties the King and Qui en of the Belgians, attended by the Countess Vilain XIV., Lord George Lennox, Lord Alfred Paget, and Major de Moerkerke, arrived at Buckingham Palace at a quarter before two o'clock yesterday afternoon, from the Nine Elms termi nus of the South-Western Railway. Their Majesties were received by the Lord Steward, the Lord Chamber lain, his Excellency M. Van de Weyer, and the Hon. Sir Edward Cust, the Comptroller of the Household of his Majesty the King of the Belgians in this country. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson, arrived in town, from her residence, Frog-more House, Windsor, shortly be fore one o'clock yesterday afternoon. Her Royal High ness proceeded to Buckingham Palace, and met their Belgian Majesties on their arrival. A dejeun6 was served to the illustrious party. At a quarter before three o'clock their Majesties the King of the Belgians left Buckingham Palace in a chariot and four for Woolwich, to embark for Ostend. The Countess Vilain XIV., his Excellency M. Van de Weyer, Lord George Lennox, Lord Alfred Paget, the Hon. Sir Edward Cost, and Major de Moerkerke, fol lowed in two carriages to Woolwich, where the illustri ous party arrived at a quarter before four o'clock. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent afterwards left Buckingham Palace for Clarence House, St. James's. At a quarter past four, her Royal Highness, attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson, and Sir George Couper, left town on her return to Froginore House. Count de Jarnac, French Charg6 d'Affaires, had an interview with Lord John Russell, at his official resi dence in Downing••street. The Count also transacted business at the Foreign-office. A deputation of the Aborigines Protection Society, consisting of Mr. Samuel Gurney (president), Sir Edwd. Buxton, Bart, Mr. Charles Hindley, M.P., Mr. Shirley Woolmer, Mr. John Burtt, the Rev. A. Wright, L.L.D., Mr. George L. Neighbour, the Rev. H. Bromley (secre tary), and Mr. James Bell (treasurer), bad an interview with Earl Grey, yesterday, at the Colonial-office. A deputation from booksellers, including Mr. Jackson, Mr. Jones, and Mr. llaydon, had an interview with the Earl of Clarendon yesterday at the office of the Board of Trade. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England had a . general meeting yesterday. There were present the S s7Nti Bishops of London and Durh am , the Right llon.l IL Goulburn, the Right Hon. J. Nichol, and the Dean Iv-) ?, of Westminster. / *I! The Sardinian Minister transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. Mr. Wickham, Chairman of the Stamps and Taxes, tlattifaght; had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Lord Monteagle had also an interview with the Right lion. Gentleman. The Earl of Elgin had an interview yesterday with Earl Grey at the Colonial-office. Mr. Powles had an interview yesterday with the Earl of Clarendon at the Board of Trade. The Lords of her Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council sat yesterday in the Council Chamber, for the further hearing of a petition of the Provost and Fellows of the College of Eton against a scheme of the Ec clesiastical Commissioners for carrying into effect certain alterations in the Dioceses of Oxford and Salisbury. The Attorney-General and Mr. Bethell (Queen's Coun cil) were beard. The Lords present were the Lord President, the Lord Privy Seal, Lord Campbell, the Vice-Chancellor of England, and the Judge of the Ad miralty Court. ARTICLE 1 From the point on the 49th parallel of north latitude, where the beundary laid down in existing treaties and con ventions between Great Britain and the United States termi nates, the line of boundary between the territories of her Britannic;Majesty and those of the United States shall be continued westward along the 49th parallel of north latitude to the middle of the channel which separates the continent from Vancouver's. Island, and thence southerly through the middle of the said channel, and of Fuca's Straits, to the Pacific ocean ; provided, however, that the navigation of the said channel and straits, south of the 49th parallel of north latitude, remain free and open to both parties. ARTICLE 2. From the point at which the 49th parallel of north latitude shall be found to intersect the great northern branch of the Columbia river, the navigation of the said branch shall be free and open to the Hudson's Bay Company, and to all Bri tish subjects trading with the same, to the point where the said branch meets the main stream of the Columbia, and thence down the said main stream to the ocean, with free access into and through the said river or rivers, it being un derstood that all the usual portages along the line thus de scribed shall in like manner be free and open. In navigating the said river or rivers, British subjects with their goods and produce shall be treated on the same footing -as citizens of the United States, it being, however, always understood that nothing in this article shall be construed as preventing, or intended to prevent, the Government of the United States from making any regulations respecting the navigation of the said river or rivers, not inconsistent with the present treaty. ARTICLE $. In the future appropriations of the territory south of the 49th parallel of north latitude, as provided in the first article of this treaty, the possessory rights of the Hudson's Bay Company, and of all British subjects who may be already in the occupation of land or other property lawfully acquired within the said territory, shall be respected. ARTICLE 4. The farms, lands, and other property of every description, belonging to the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, on the north side of the Columbia river, shall be confined to the said company. In case, however, the situation of those farms and lands should be considered by the United States to be of public and political importance, and the United States' Government should signify a desire to obtain posses sion of the whole or any part thereof, the property so re quired shall be transferred to the said Government at a proper valuation to be agreed upon between the parties.j ARTICLE 5. The present treaty shall be ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by her Britannic Majesty; and the rati fications shall be exchanged at London at the expiration of six months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their WI& Done at Washington the 15th day of June, in the year of our Lord 1846. JAMES BUCHANAN. RICHARD PAKENHAM. Attentive readers will not fail to remark what may be called the very unusual form at least in which Mr. Polk de sired to give the notice ; an autograph from sovereign to so vereign ! J. K. Polk, President of the Yankee Doodles, to Victoria, Queen of the Bull family! Well might Mr. M'Lane express doubt whether such a form of communication would be "deemed admissible ;" and we are still left in doubt whether the autograph of President Polk was presented "to her Majesty in person," instead of passing, as all preceding matters connected with the nego tiation have, through the state departments of the two countries. The invariable usage of our country has been, we believe, to deal with foreign countries through our Secretary of State and the correspouding officer of such countries, and not, as is sometimes done in Europe, directly from monarch to monarch. But the severe democracy of Mr. Polk seems to have pleased itself with the notion of addressing himself directly to his well-beloved cousin Queen Victoria, and, to obtain this gra tification, to have snatched a grace beyond the reach of our diplomatic precedents. This is no great matter, to be sure, but it looks silly. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. (From the New York Express,) This is the packet day for the Boston steamer, which leaves to-morrow about the same hour as the Great Britain from this port. Merchants, in order to be sure, will probably write by both steamers, more particularly as the passage of the Tariff Bill, in Congress, furnishes commercial news of interest to all parts of Europe. Since the sailing of the last steamer there have been many important matters that have claimed a good deal of public attention. The news of the repeal of the corn-laws is an im• portant event, and will have a sensible effect on the trade of the city. The exports of wheat, rye, corn, and flour, as well as some other articles, have been uncommonly large for this season of the year. Nor has the disposition to ship abated, but, on the contrary, within a few days the purchases of flour have increased. The action of Congress, just now, is of unusual interest. The tariff question has been discussed and finally settled. In the Senate the parties were so equally balanced that the question was settled by the casting vote of the Vice-Presi dent. The result w ill create a sensation throughout the country, and will be one that will materially effect the coming eleVhe i ons war with Mexico still continues, with no prospect whatever of a speedy termination. It is a fruitful source of expenditure—so much so that Government have been au thorised to issue 10,000,000 of Treasury notes, and this is considered but the beginning of the amount that will be required. The appropriations of Congress, it is believed, before the session closes, will reach 70,000,000 of dollars, a sum that will exhaust all the revenue in the treasury, and require a very large amount of loans. Money is sufficiently plentiful for all practical purposes. The banks discount freely four and aiz months paper, at SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. WOLVERHAMPTON RACES.—TUESDAY (CONCLUDED). The Wolverhampton Stakes of 25 Sovs. each, 15 ft, and 5 only if declared, with the Tradesmen's Purse of 1001. added; the second saves his stake. Twice round and a dis. (54 Subs., 34 cf whom declared.) Mr. Meiklam's Inheritress, 6 yrs, Bst 51b (Templeman) 1 Mr. Parr's Dulcet, 4 yrs, Est 101 b Mr. Clifton's Burgundy, 3 yrs, sst 121 b The following also started but were not placed :—Sir C. Monck's Glossy, 6 yrs, B.t 41b ; Mr. Meeson's The Dart, 4 yrs, 7st ; Mr. Bell's Winesour, 6 yrs, Bst 71b; Mr. Mander's Golden Bee,3 yrs, 4st 111 b. Betting-3 to 1 agst Dulcet; sto 1 agst Inheritress; sto 1 agst Golden Bee; and 7 to 1 agst Winesour. Dulcet and the Dart made alternate running to the last turn, where the former went in front, was challenged at the distance by Inheritress, and defeated by a neck only. Bur• gundy a length behind him, and the others nowhere. The Ladies' Purse of 501. Heats, once round and a dis. Mr. Godson's Susannah, 5 yrs (G. Calloway) 2 1 1 Mr. Whitehouse's Charlotte, 3 yrs 1 0 2 Mr. Thompson's br c by Stansty, dam by Brutan dorf, 3 yrs Mr. Jones's f, by Revolution, 3 yrs Mr. Whitlake's Nosegay, 3 yrs WEDNESDAY. The Patshull Handicap of 15 soya. each, 10 ft ; and 5 only, if declared, with 30 added. One mile and a-half. (26 Subs., 12 paid). Mr. Johnstone's Fair Helen, 3 yrs, sst 81b (Ryder) 1 Mr. Irwin's Connaught Ranger, 4 yrs, 7st 51b 2 Godfrey, Yardley, Ironmaster, Magnet, Arthur, and Ma rietta, also ran. Won by half a head. The Chillington Stakes, of 10 sovs. each, and 50 added, for two yrs old colts, Bst 71b, fillies, Bst 51b. T.Y.C. Colonel Anson's Treacle (Dufflo) 1 Lord Warwick's Aligwor 2 Mr. Mostyn's f, by Lanercost, out of Miss Clifton Tweed, Credential, and Atalanta, were not placed. The Cleveland Cup, with 50/. added by subs. of 10 soya. each. Three Miles. Sir C. Monck's Glossy, 6 yra, walked over. CHELMSFORD RACES.—WEDNISDAY. The Mark's Hall Handicap, of 5 sous. each, 2 ft. and 50 added; the second to receive 10 soya. Straight mile. (8 Subs.) Mr. Arber's Caroline, 4 yrs, 7st (Pettit) 1 Mr. G. Hobson's Binnacle, 3 yrs, Bst 21b 2 Hon. G. Ongley's Mount Pleasant, 3 yrs, 7st 41b... 3 Mr. Greville s Deerchase, 3 yrs, ist Won easy. The Town Plate of 501. 3 yrs old, 7st 31b; 4 yrs, Bst 71b; 5 yrs, 9st lib ; 6 yrs and aged, 9st 51b ; mares, &c., al lowed 31bs. Winner of Plate or Stakes this year, 3lbs extra ; twice, 51bs ; thrice, 71bs extra. The winner to be sold for 2501. Heats, once round and a dis. Mr. G. Hobson's Chatham, 4 yrs (Crouch) 1 1 Mr. G. Dodson's Libation, 3 yrs Hon. G. Ongley's Fama, aged Mr. Lamb's Lady Flora, aged Mr. Pratt's Deodara, 4 yrs 3 dr Won easy. Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas; 3 yrs, 7st 51b; 4 yrs, 9st llb ; 5 yrF, 9st 111 b ; 6 yrs and aged, lOst 21b. Heats, Two Miles. Lord Lonsdale's Jericho, 4 yrs......(Bartholomew) 1 2 1 Mr. Marson's Rufus, 3 yrs ••• Lord Exeter's Sister to Pergularia, 3 yrs 2 3 dr The first heat was won by five lengths, and the others by a neck. The Maldon Stakes of 7 sovs each, and 50 added; the second to save his stake. Straight mile. (6 Subs.) Mr. Arber's Caroline, 4 yrs, 7st 81b (Pettit) 1 Mr. G. Ongley's Queen of the Gipsies, 6 yrs, 9st 31b.... 2 Mr. G. Hobson's Binnacle, 3 yrs, 7st 81b Mr. Greville's Polka, 3 yrs, 6st 81b 4 Mr. Marson's Energy, 4 yrs, 7st 81b 5 Mr. Meeson's Greengage, 2 yrs, sst Won by a length and a half. (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) WOLVERHASIPTON RACES-WEDNESDAY (CON CLUDED). The Borough Member's Plate of 601.; for 3 yrs old, 7st Mb; 4 yrs, Bst 7113; 5 yrs. 9st 21b ; 6 yrs and aged, 9st 71b ; mare, &c., allowed 31b, and horses that have started three times and not won allowed 31b; winners, once, 31b; twice, 51b ; and thrice, or more, 71b extra. Heats, one mile and a half. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mr. Mytton's Auricula, 3 yrs (G. Whitehouse) 1 1 T. Walters' Ratcliffe (late The Nobbler), 5 yrs 0 2 Raworth's Idolater, 4 yrs... Mostyn's Black Strap, 4 yrs . LEWES RACES—WEDNESDAY. The Members' Plate. Mr. Roberts' Lady Anne, 4 yrs, 7st 61b... (Esling) 5 1 Lord G. Bentinek's Plenitude, 4 yrs, 7st 91b ...... 1 2 Mr. S. Smith's Jack, 6 yrs, Bit 161 b ......... 3 3 dr ➢lr. Wilson's Jessie Hammond, 4 yrs, 7st 61b Mr. Werninck's Patchwork, aged, Bst Glb 4 5 dr The Queen's Plate of 100 Guineas. Sir G. Heathcote's bc by Velocipede, 3 yrs, Bst 21b 1 1 Lord Stradbroke'a Lynceus, 3 yrs, Sat 21b Mr. Ramsbottom's Pine Apple,6 yrr, lOst 31b Lord G. Bentinck's My Mary, 4 yrs, 9st 61b ... 4 dr The Cup Stakes. Mr. Jackson's Syntax-Ma, aged, Bst 81b (T. Brown,jun.) 1 1 Lord G. Bentinck's Pug, 4 yrs, 7st 71b 2 2 Mr. Yerrall's Clansman, 4 yrs, ist 71b 3 dr Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each, and 30 added. Lord G. Bentinck's Jollity, 2 yrs, 6st 71b Mr. Knowles' bc by Camel, 2 yrs, 6st 31b 1 4 4 Mr. J. Verrall's Little Mealy, 2 yrs, 6st 31b Mr. Smith's Trebonius, 3 yrs, Bst 5 3 3 Mr. Matthews' Guzman, 3 yrs, Bst 31b 1 PLYMOUTH, DEVONPORT, AND CORNWALL RACES. TUESDAY. The SaltramStakes of 25 sovs. each, &c. Captain Crofton's Zuleika, 3 yrs, 7st .....(C. Moon) 1 Mr. J. King's cby Glaucus, out of Dick's dam, 4 yrs, 7st 51b 2 Mr. Goldsworthy's Woodbury, 3 yrs, sst 101 b The Plymouth Plate of SO sows., added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sows. each. Heats, two miles. Captain Crofton's Rose, 4 yrs, Bst 61b ......(Stockings) 1 1 Mr. J. King's cby Glaucus—Pick's dam, 3 yrs, Bst 51b 2 2 Mr. Goldsworthy's Blackball, 6 yrs, 9st 51b 3 3 Mr. Shipley's Brunette, aged, 9st 51b The Ladies' Purse of 50 sous. Heats, once round. Mr. Shipley's Brunette, aged, 9st 31b Mr. King's Flash of Lightning, 3 yrs, 7st 71b 2 2 Mr. Knott's The Baron (late Topthorn), aged, 7st 101 b 3 3 Mr. Frost's Cavendish, aged, 7st 4 dis The United Service Plate of 50 sow. Heats, half a mile. Capt. Crofton's Strathspey, 5 yra, Est 51b (101 b over) 1 1 Mr. Waring's Fortune Teller, aged, Bst 51b Mr. Goldsworthy's Woodbury, 3 yrs, 7st 21b .... 0 2 CHELMSFORD RACES—WEDNESDAY (CONCLUDED.) The Hunters' Stakes of 5 sous each, and 30 added. Heats. once round and a distance. (3 Subs.) Mr. Sparrow's Tincton, aged, 12st 71b (Blake) 1 1. Mr. Simpson's Douglas, 5 yrs, 1 Ist 71b Mr. Crook's b h by Muley Moloch, aged, 12st ... Won easy. READING RACES.—WEDNESDAT. The Ladies' Purse of 20 sows., added to a Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each ; for three-year-olds, 7st 61b ; four, Bst 71b ; five, 9st ; six and aged 9st 31b. Mares, &c., allowed 31b. Winners once in 1846, 31b ; twice, Sib, extra, &c. Win ner to be sold for 150 sovs. Heats, once round. Mr. Nicholl's Cameleopard, 4 yrs (Parr) 2 3 1 1 Mr. Treen's Wild Roe, 4 yrs 1 2 2 dr Mr. Osbaldeston's Gazelle, 3 yrs . . Mr. Parr's Icicle, 3 yrs 4 4 dr The Reading Stakes of 15 sovs. each, 5 ft, with 30 added; for two-year-olds, 7st 31b ; and three, 9st; fillies and geldings allowed 31b. Straight half-mile. Mr. Fuller's Tartar, 2 yrs (Day) 2 1 Mr. Harroway's Baronet, 3 yrs. Mr. Thornhill s Crown Jewel, 2 yrs 3 Mr. Drinkald's Ohio, 3 yrs 4 Mr. Ramsbottom's cby Hetman Platoff—Miss Thomasine 5 The Bulmershe Court Stakes of 3 soya. each, and 30 added, two yrs, sst 101 b ; three yrs, 7st 101 b ; four yrs, Bst 81b ; five yrs, 9st. Mares, &c., allowed 31b. Winner to be sold for 100 SOTS. Heats, three quarters of a mile. Mr. Death's Camelia, 3 yrs (Wakefield) 1 3 1 Mr. Leigh's Correct Card, 4 yrs 0 1 2 Mr. Parr's Eclat, 3 yrs Mr. S. Scott's Etona, 4 yrs Mr. Phillips' The Bard, 3 yrs Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each, 1 ft, and 25 added, three quarters of a mile, were won by Mr. Osbaldeston's Secutor, 4 yrs, 7st 71b (Wakefield), beating Mr. Holloway's Baronet, three yrs, 7st 51b ; Mr. Treacher's Glee, four yrs, 7st 101 b; and Mr. S. Scott's f, by Touchstone, out of Languish, four yrs, 7st 51b. PEDESTRIANISM. JACQUES AND BRIAN'S WALKING MATCII.—The above mentioned pedestrians contested their six miles trial of speed yesterday on the road near Bedfont, on one measured mile. The speed of Brian in the first two miles was manifest, inas much as he headed his man beautifully by full 60 yards; at five miles his lead was considerably decreased, and on going up for the sixth and deciding mile, Jacques had so much diminished the space between them, that the race closed by Brian winning by half-a-yard, and none to spare. The stake was 201. a side. _ _ _ bLILLITRATT AND PATTERSON.—J. Mallatratt (of Mans field) and James Patterson (of London), run their one hundred yards race at Rugby, for 201. a side, on Tuesday.. At starting the betting was level, and money was invested to a large amount. The start was from a single scratch. At eighty yards Mallatratt had a trifling lead, but at ninety yards the London man bad reduced the difference so as to have a slight advantage; eventually Patterson came in first by a foot only, after an admirably contested struggle. ROBINSON AND LEE.—J. Robinson (of Hucknall) and T. Lee (of Arnold) also decided their race of 120 yards, for 25/- a-side, on the same ground. Much time was wasted in the choice of a referee, but eventually the men started by fall of handkerchief. At the first fall Lee disputed the start, and. another gentleman was selected to set them off. The betting was six to four on the Arnold runner, which was readily taken. For the first fifty yards Robinson led, but Lee gave his friends a transient gleam of hope by pulling foot in the next fifty yards, and getting so close to his man as to place the contest in doubt ; in the last twenty, however, Robinson got up the steam, and went in the winner by a couple of yards. Robinson has put forth a challenge to run any man of his height (5 ft. 2 in.) for 251. to 501., distance 100 or 120 yards. PRINCESS'S THEATRE—MR. MASSINCHAVS BENEFIT. —The benefit of Mr. Masaingham, the civil and attentive box book-keeper of the Princess's Theatre, takes place to morrow night, on which occasion Mr. Charles Mathews and Madame Vestris will appear, supported by the whole strength of the company, in some of the most attractive dramas of the son. r.Bmutassevinegnhanzwefse own meri ts ts of ou far gh e t t l o ess see e lre Cell h e i l l t a bumper.