The Sun. — London, England, 1846-12-08 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 8 , 1846. lo urs and N'ant,—; Con- ...... •• ..•. .. ',,.` etituted .... ..... " 5 _ 4'eurriaY, Jurbite, Lou- _ •„, den, ad and Hasse:t....... 21,(2 ...... Atinid ...... ; \Vett ,Flanders ...... . 6 _ _ Aestralasia .. JOINT .. S 4 T O OCK. BANKS. .. _ 13titish North American 50 _Commercial of London 20 •••• • • .... ' • . 48 lilltional of Ireland 22 1 / 2•••••• ' _ Ll)roviucial of Ireland ... 25 ..... t.„ -- ' 44(41 & Westminster. 20 ........ .... . _ ii•—ukton Joint Stock lO . ..._ of of London.— ..... 10 ••• _ Colonial ..... 25 _ ~ThenalProv. England. 35 _ u llion of Australia 8! ~,. MINES. 3% 441 del Monte Unregd T it COURT CIRCULAR. to t e Queen and Prince Albert, took their usual early Their relay in th e pl an t a ti ons o f Osborne House. Alfred .r g u.rai Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince :litlk et i the Princ ess R o y a l, an d the Princess Alice t:1 ;ei a nd rode on p on i es y es t er d a y forenoon in h , an d - pleasure grounds of Osborne llouse. Her al .s.,ness the Princess Helena was also taken an esterday. t esid i e n ° Y a l Highness Prince George has arrived at his _ . 114° in St. James's Palace, from Ireland. !kg .. * : - ',Uarryatt and Mr. J. Marryatt had an inter karaTlelta Earl Grey yesterday at the Colonial-office. 4rj:"' a retis Hill had also an interview with the Noble elterday. ,114AYNIARKE T THEATRE. r w'es, b - ii i`Ylloids, a young lady from the American thea ltik Wb° iSt we believe (and we rejoice in the belief, ltii4, ls a girl of gen i us , an d w ill be a credit to her 704 . an English woman born and bred, made, her l'itL. - A ' r e last evening in the character of Kate Brien, hi 'Cy of Munster, in poor Haynes Bayley's:adm:r v a er e Si„izmedy of Perfection. Miss Reynolds possess s e i s v e e an y d tr eetk , e for the stage • her features ure 2cpres arl l ; her form is faultless; her voice is clear and 11- ' 4 :t1;: sh e sings delightfully, rich, clearly, ex p ressi ve y, tfiti„ - Y 8 in tune. The character of Kate . O'Brien was tel e‘xpressly for Vestris, and most wickedly . and '4 ft did she act it, but with all our prepossessions . 0 b y :tir of Vestris and her version of the character, we kite 411(1 to confess that Miss Reynolds was more truly *as Lb „s of Munster, though, perhaps, less espiegle, she Oe x , I WY-like, more graceful, more the daughter iialtri s 7a l O'Brien, more high-bred, in a word, than Tat Her songs were beautifully given. She ,1 4 4 cored i n all of them, and there was Picin t ,, —le t t , l i,r l g archness about her in giving the lad " Not I," that was perfectly fascinating. li tti a(ilict filament the audience was with her, and, e, as the drama progressed, she increased i g ukis ti: v ile impression she had made. In fact, to fottek,ri conclusion it appeared as though an old W ho h a d secured a high position, and might 4tti titore o f i, l ß th e to take liberties with the audience, were Part,, instead of a debutante. Her success was b _7‘t ' s he was called for at the fall of the curtain and Old , most enthusiastically. Her versatility alone aia,k t eoure her a high degree of success. When we te „ zi t E l" hatever she does, she does excellently well, 11 6 11' 7, 4 "no doubt bu t that ' Miss Reynolds will attain l t 074 degreein he r profession. We congratulate Ilay e l l l ter In having se - cured such an acquisition to ark e t corps. dle,, FLANDERS MAIL. e l --ents, DEC.3.—The Chamber of Representa -44% Nita wh i L ued sof the budget of the Ma litinattlo-e° conlrnenced yesterday. After the new ex fa Riven by M. Vevdt and the Minister for Fo -4ifairs, tending - to - prove that the Government I ll e 4 l hid Co lonisation Company, had given, and were tillelgi o ljn give, to the colonists who desired to retnrn b i Nte - ,..7' all desirable facilities to return home, M. -;tlo4",i'aented to withdraw the amendment which he .)i°l Yeste rda y . :b ta . 6 , :leiiroueßen warmly recommended to the Go kZetii 4the idea of establishing a commercial factory, ito ith ,70 40 a colony, in Guatamala. He assured . , n f g k i kati o rr „, e „nna, if it presented to the Legislature a Itottitai'' f or a vote of credit for such a useful estii- INQ s t a nd held out the hope that the Chamber of N I il l alr o t , iv es would second . it with pleasure. pit„, inter for Foreign Affairs announced that a k lea 4 whose object had already received the Ant aoaT.* Th e Chamber of Commerce of Ghent and w nbout ,„„taep oi , to be formed, to establish at St. Thomas to"` n 44 facto • and that it asks from Government .. -r 4 ._. ry, 117 0 %ttl 00 7stanc e , than the establishment of a corn /„1114. by steam-boat .between Antwerp and St. i h . oh _7 th, , aiiirti 'tate on the articles of the budget, M. Osy thi Rea:l: li t Government should sell the unservice Qev ilavi tati t t , ta, and some regulations relative to called on the i g le e jlte; e4 , a n of the Scheldt. glitd'ieh th e or some explanationbriesp°escYting the manner 1, the 611 8, igiall flag is considered in Russia, as re col lit:ltViica:ion of the duties of customs. 0_ to; 1 7 htivii,!ter replied, that the remonstran ce f radßel a Z 4 failed to obtain from the Russian Govern- At W as !'-'"er treatment of our flag, the Belgium Govern le 4... eallsiderin what measures should be adopted. Ntiti u gth the g Tli e ' bY a or e chit , Chamber mainritynf v 6 o l te t d o 4 th . e whole budget of the t t i l td 1 8 410 er finished the sitting by voting, with only a ? 4 0 talent voices, the project of law for continu- Oa% lie Year, the provisional distribution of the ' i-uee s ll tel de Sernberg has made numerous trials of the d'.:l4:..jOVentecl in Germany. i t r p mf a k tfet c r h o e o? 'Aese 411144-'4lb.lig 'Wheat flour wit!' r-s. 61 10 n, --ea perfect' succeeded ; t h e poor familie,s haveto 4 aer ° I. Claes has Y distributed some of the bread, . it tOn t ri ed that theyliked it quite as well as the ordinary - .‘hr` th!Alread . etter from Cologne, of the Ist, says—" This mon . at ten o'clock, Mr Schuarzer, tht‘ chief editor of ) te tistri an Ll o yd, arrived here. This gentleman, as hot_ now . , has undertaken pi rsonally to . rganise the )r . V I ra p id arrival of the Indial mail through narzer himself arrived I),y this mail. The steamer 11.,Itich conveyed the dispatches from Alexandria to ;oe,ste, performed the voyage in six days and a half, eery stormy weather, which delayed the voyage a tt0 k , (11 ,.3". The courier was sixty hour, on the way 144,1rteste to Manheim. M. Schuarzer, who received 1 11,,; L tera r at Mrtnhehai, was sixtet n hours and a half on it,arY_'-,,r0t0 .Manheim to Cologne. After waiting a % u an hour, he set out with the second train in . tt at .(4.lltnefor Ostend, where the steam-boat is real y t .ttlat he will be at London early to-morrow ~,,o k ~,,,,,-..7 2d of December." ' Nil % .;-:1:) .4 , ---The Chamber of. Representatives t/t ‘9 - 4ed t fr -' - th e E .,41 , 7.-,,,,5t..*--Ay the general discussion of the budget to te vliai,, - eu leans. Before entering on the discussion, oteituiiiirer received from the Minister of Finance the k i S 1i t . . 11 , 116 .e of a project of law, modifying the law 10 i," - . 6 1 July, 1844, relative to the differential Nii Chamber referred this project of law to ~f7,42t Committee of Manufactures. . ‘ 44 4 1 0 34; ( 6 - Te Of the King from his estate at Ar -4'44 ; t h!"a3,' (Thursday), has been announced by s !fi tter f ere Is no such intention at present. 41 4 :1t i% dote Berlin, in the Nuremburg Correspondent, 4,,,443"1nnd that the affairs of Cracow were not 4 4, 7 0 °ell the. Council of State, but .. t hat . it was the th, l iqe t i th'ressia who, in his late visit in Austria, con fig; e„,negotiations and corresponded directly with P had h he Cabinet Ministers and the Councillors of Nite)tt,z4.o knowledge of them. q/) tlq, *11 1 Pri n „ ll° V. 2 7.—The Grand Duke Alexander ne ali th -Li 4 , t - h e of Russia has just arrived here, at o NI Int.f t , e afternoon'. The Prince had scarcely ilik_ai t: t il e l ,h_is tr.a.vellin carriage , when he immedi -474./ie to visit her Imperial Highness the Grand klltsu ltci e n, , his aunt, who is still here. 5_ 114 2 - .144 iyi -, 4.1t.0v. 21 . —Thirty-one persons, who were * kieb - i - luq sen eonspiracy at Przieemisl in the year top e 41eu Yesterday, in the Town-hall, their .. 41 11 .14 4- ,4 h " been passed on them. The crimina h l s ~ wererent r egi me officers, subalterns, cadets, and privates, t tq k , in thelagifintneats. Two officers, probably ringleader s ,. /14 ,ea l t 84 . 1 %ent - w il a t Instance condemned to death, .but their 41 ‘ta In % in: co mmuted to twenty years imprison tt4 i n 'mes s i , ; a regimental chaplain to twelv.e. 41 :fi ll t ° , w0 4 : E 41 , 0 - n e at ' the cadets, subalterns, and p i r "%IC -' te n, aio,;`" °) fortifications for different periods te 'let:Flitted.— til ore years ; one o ffi cer and a priv a te ap 047 , -- ---- z _____—__ 8 11,,,. '41, 1 ,,,. 1 ,,G INTELLIGENCE. the ice Pee, -.-.4RSALL'S.—YESTERDAY. 14i 0 ,,, %thy f a it tood deal of heavy betting on a few . of N tt 11. va vourites, and not without some effect on the I N atioti utt l:_t Trolz ,„, p had two or three friends present, 4 4 4 . 41 4 4 v ,.,Y ‘-', upwards of 8001. at 15 to 2 and 8 to 1, 14 0,nri V iet °I 1600 to 200 laid outside, anything but // Oa a y, 134 ition, the last transaction being 1200 to o, l ,at e i' s era were in a decided majority. Planet was 4 44: 41 cl ose to 1 in the early part of the afternoon, and 4 01,: m ato k at 2 . 0 to 1 but only to a small . sum. T h e . ki-4 ; b .. Wa s i„ . Liej p ,.! ve etL ,.. great force, his owner having in a brief ‘ split,m fair oi T 4 -Pearly 800/. at 50 to 1. Wanota was 24 . : 1 00 j, at 40 to l; taken as long as any one would tl itle . eae o, to, 20 was taken five or six times, and 1000 f te s 100 0 a cout Red Hart. 1000 to 30 about Lune 4, ek k to 2o two or three times about The Cossack, i `at 1400 ~4114,,a poin t to 200 was laid agst John Scott's lot, at (14,4 ' to - ilt w lf illailore i than the market price; we doubt, 4 , as 0 con d have been obtained afterwards. --,404 __ffered agst John Day's lot. The following o. ar e made up to the close of the rooms:- 00‘ .° , 1 0 CHESTER Cur. lON, tO ao tl the field. : t gat Mr. Coape's Rufus--taken a t Lord Chesterfield's Pam—taken 4 f:0• / 1 DZRBY. h tO 1 tat JOllll SCOtt's lot la t o 1 aget John Dav's lot k, to 1 a gst Lord E g fi nton ' s Van Tromp hto 1 ° gat Mr. Bowes's Epirote—taken D , to 1 °gat Mr. Mostyn's Planet g7 l to 1 ° gat Mr. Payne's Sis. to Cobweb colt r lon n to 1 a gst Mr. Mostyn's Glentilt—taken anda t. o fd . "" to g o ntst Mr. Worley's Old Port—take 1000 to 30 I°4° to 1 ° gat Mr.. Bowes's Lunedale—taken o to 1 °gat Lord C a l e d on ' s Wanota—taken f ree l y ti, 1 ! Mr. G u ll y ' s Taativy—taken 45 to 1 40 agst Mr. J ar di ne ' s Johnny Armstrong—taken 4 , to 1 . u and afterwards o ff ere d ,"! to 1 gat Duke of Rich mon d' s R e d H art ,I t o 1 am Irwin's H orn of Chase 4 14 1 h ag " AIL W. O'Brien's Liberator—taken to 1 - gilt Lord Stradbroke's Marpessa colt I N T t o , agst Sir R. Bulkeley's Brother to Joinville 10 to 215 g nat Mr. Mostyn's Projectile—taken I.OV, to 2 0 ° gat Mr. Pedley's Cossack —taken to r "a' Un a °gat Mr. Mostyn's Miss Martin colt—taken slu s to so 1/44 Mr. Bouverie's War Eagle—taken log %Pa o h a : B t Mr. Ford ns Clarendon —taken k, ev,„ L.tbween Planet and Glentilt ig iß , • kos, ',orator against Projectile. '4 4 all 8 hOrses sill continue under Kent's care the -rat Goodwood Races, 1 MA G A ZINES—(CONTINUED.) DULE—IN UAIVEIiS.II'I 7 MAGAZINE. The biographical sketch of M. Adolphe Thiers, the historian of the revolution and the empire, and the great French statesman, is continued; or, we may say at once, completed. Although the writer is some times painfully discursive, he is generally so lively and beyond all discriminates the character of Thiers, with such impartiality, that his composition will be generally welcome. Here is a condensed explanation of the difference in oratory between the rival states men of France : " M. Guizot, who then far surpassed him as a master of Parliamentary eloquence, would fasten upon some one great principle, some prominent idea, and by presenting it to his audience in various points of view, render the dullest minds familiar with it, until he would make them believe the principle was their own. This is peculiarly the art of a professor, and hence the success of M. Guizot in its application. M. Thiers, on the contrary, would crowd into his speech such a diversity of topics, so intermingled with anecdotes and hiskriettes, that his discourse resembled a piece of mosaic, very dazzling to the eye, but having little to engage the more reflective powers of the understanding. While the one orator would reproduce the same leading idea in many speeches, the other would crown a plurality of leading ideas into a single speech. In leaving the house after hearing M. Guizot, the Deputies went home thinking of the subject; in leaving the house, after hearing M. Thiers, they went home thinking of the man." When we remember the pecuniary disadvantages, the ignoble origin, and the friendless condition of Thiers ; when we remember how he had to conquer the antipathy of the fastidious for his vulgarity, to enable the multitude to behold his little body as plainly as though it were colossal, to move the passions of the members of the Legislative Chambers by his sing-song oratory, and to diminish the disgust with which his shrill voice was first listened to, and his grotesque gesticulations first beheld, we shall be enabled to form some conception of the vastness of his intellectual capacities of the indomitable audacity of his ambition, of the profundity and extent of his knowledge. It is im possible to desert this subject without transcribing a few fragments from the brilliant and masterly sketch of M. Thiers, as drawn by M. Cormenin, otherwise celebrated as Timon. He says— " M. Thiers is the essence of mind; he is intellect to the tips of his lips and points of his nails. His organi zation is like that of Voltaire, frail, delicate, and mobile. He has the caprices and naughtiness of a child, with the assumption of the gravity of a philosopher. More a man of letters than a statesman, and more an artist than a man of letters, he will dote upon an Etruscan vase, and care little for liberty. As a Cabinet Minister, he con ceives great designs; like a woman, he is bold in small matters. He has courage, but it is like that of delicate and sickly people—it comes in feverish fits, ending by nervous attacks and fainting fits; these weaknesses are only tolerated on a sofa ; in politics, fainting is not suffered. "He thinks without effort, produces without ex haustion, advances without fatigue, and arrays his ideas before you with a rapidity which is inconceivable ; former times pass in review before his memory in their order, and proper costumes, and nature, which others court, comes to him uninvited in all the pomp of her majesty, and all the graces of her smiles. Have you ever seen in the steam •boats which traverse our rivers, the banks reflected in the suspended mirrors? They are reflected while the boat advances—fair villages, churches with taperin g spires, verdant meadows, hoary mountains, gay vessels, the flocks of the valley, the clouds of heaven, animals and men, seem to fly past in rapid succession in the glass. Such is M. Thiers. A sort of Parliamentary mirror, he reflects the passions of others, and cold and hard as the glass is, without passions himself. He weeps, but his eyes are tearless; Le pierces his breast with a poignard, but draws no drop of blood; a mere drama all that, it is true, but what a drama, and what an actor! What nature, what suppleness, what powers of insinua tion, what inflexions of voice; what transparency and lucidity of style ; what negligent grace of language. Actor you deceive me, but why should I complain; you deceive even yourself; you play your part to admiration, but it is only a part. I know that very well, and yet I allow myself to be ravished by your seductions. I give myself up to you; so long as you speak I am under a charm; and I almast prefer to listen to error from your mouth, to hear truth from any other. . • • • " He is more elastic than a spring of the finest steel —he bends and unbends—he rises and falls with his subject—he will roll himself spirally round a question from its base to its summit—he mounts, descends, re mounts, hangs in the branches, hides himself in the thickest foliage, appears, disappears, and passes a thou sand times in and out with the pretty agility of a squirrel—he would extract money even from a stone— where others glean, he reaps. He extends his plumage, and shows, by turns, every hue of purple, gold, and azure. He does not speak, he coos—he does not coo, he lisps—he does not lisp, he warbles—and he is so dazzling both to the eye and to the ear, that one does not know which to admire most, his plumage or his song. He will give you a speech of three hours' length on archi tecture, poetry, law, navigation, or war, and yet he is neither a poet. a lawyer, a mariner, or a soldier—all he will require is an evening's preparation. If he describes a battle he astonishes the oldest generals. If he speaks of walls, roofs, stone, and mortar, you would actually believe him to be a mason or an architect. He will dispute with Gay-Lussac on questions of chemistry, and teach Arago how to direct his telescope at Venus or Jupiter. •• The fine arts, canals, roads, finances. commerce, history, the p ress , p o liti cs , anec d otes o f the streets , theatres, war, literature, religion, municipalities, mo rality, amusements, great things, middling things, little things—what does it matter to him, he is ready at all. He is so, because in fact he is prepared upon nothing. He does not speak like other orators, because be speaks Ike people of the world. Other orators prepare them selves more or less, but he improvises ; other orators perorate, but be chats ; and who can be on their guard against a man who chats like you or me ? What did I say ? infiuitely better than you, or than me, or than any one else. "I have one fault, however, to find with M. Thiers. It is, that sometimes be cannot restrain his laughter when he is descending from the tribune. Now, a good comedian never laughs at the farce which he plays. On this point, M. Thiers has something to learn. If M. Thiers spoke slower, he would be less listened to ; but his volubility is such, that the House cannot go before him, or even follow him. Once started, he proceeds at full gallop, from the morning to the evening. It the Almighty had foreseen that the day would come on which he would create a Thiers, he would undoubtedly have made the earth turn on its axis in forty-eight hours instead of twenty-four." The " Scamper through the Long Vacation " is pur sued without any abatement of vivacity, and the con edueirngetheiss magnificent ballad of con tributor rattles over the continent at a breakne ck Leonora speed and with a charming ingvojuie translated nsl ß at number with vigour an d delicacy. Of the passionate freedom of the translatio n some notion may be formed from this agonized stanza : " Oh, mother, mother, Gone is Gone Departed is Departed I Woe, woe is me I—Alone , alone, Alone and broken-hearted ! Die out, die out, my life's lost light I Down, dawn, in everlasting Nig ht I God sp oe ! my soul desp aireth!" a reth not nor careth , Woe I w The angui s h o f th e un f or t una t e Leonora is portraye d, even in the English, with a force that at times is absolutely horrible—up to the catastrophe where she is carried away, not by her lover, as she imagines, but by the Goblin Death. The second and concluding part of the contribution on " The British Theatre " is in parts excellent, in other parts extravagant. A few indifferent commen dations of Edmund Kean—Kean, whose acting of Sir Giles Overreach was so sublime in its passion, that its representation once threw Lord Byron into an epileptic fit—is followed by several pages of the most outre and preposterous flattery of Miss Fanny Kemble, now Mrs. Butler. After a somewhat im pious compliment to this lady —to the effect that, supposing she were united to a congenial husband, "it would escape the common law of humanity, and cease to aspire after immortality"—the writer cooly says that some of her sonnets will "bear a com parison with Gray's Ode to Spring,' or Hemans's Graves of a Household, or—(the insolence of the thing !)—with Moore's Irish Melodies." Dr. Mad den's "Life of Emmet" is reviewed with some impar tiality, though the writer cannot sympathise with the ardour of that young and patriotic orator. Carle ton's very powerful fiction of "The Black Prophet" is completed, and will add to his already high and national reputation. COLB URN'S UTVII E 1) SERVICE MAGAZINE. The papers on the present war in Kafir Land are continued, and will be read with much interest. Mr. G. F. Herman gives us a very spiri'ed account of two episodes in the late Carlist war, viz., "The March of Gomez round Spain," and the expedition of Don Carlos beyond the Ebro in the summer of 1837. The latter was within an ace of capturing Christina and her children in the capital. The Carlist advanced guard, under the command ,f Cabrera, were within half a league, and nothing but the rapid advance of Espartero, who twice engaged and twice defeated these Carlist troops, saved the throne of the Queen. Mr. Herman tells the story of these adventures most graphically. The Reminiscences of the war of Suc cession in Portugal are continued, and we have several valuable papers on naval and military matters. The following observations on the dangers of invasion and the necessity of instructing the great mass of the people in the use of defensive weapons, are well wor thy serious attention : " However unwilling Englishmen may be to realise the possibility of an invasion, or even a partial violation of our native land, it is au event which the advance of science has rendered practicable, and by the course of events may become more than probable. " It is unnecessary for us to consult the four. quarters of the wind for a sign—it is before our eyes—a festering hatred of this country, begun at Agincourt, and perfected at Waterloo, supplies the motive, however it may be concealed under the silken folds of the entente cordiale. " The responsibility of employing with the greatest advantage the service of the regular troops, and the 'tic cessory torcas,' rests entirely with those men who study the art of war, and are fitted by nature and experience to command ; but. it. Ile duty of individuals to 'wider themselve capabic 1 ..; the army by personal address and skill in the i : E.IS. _ The object of e ~ n murication is to direct gene ral attention to the thoi.ugh helplessness of the mass of the middle classes in eve: y' thing that relates to the very elements of military life ; nothing but the inducement brought about by the u , approach of danger will tempt our merchants or our lawyers to withdraw themselves from their counting-houses, or their offices, to acquire the rudiments of organialtion in masses ; but I would strenuously recommend that the utmost encouragement should be given to the acquirement of some degree of familiarity in the uae of fire-arms ; an accomplishment in which, as a people, we are lamentably deficient. How many individuals, it may be asked, in a hundred, could hit a haystack at the distance of 150 yards ? Not many. In order to overcome this disadvantage, I would recommend the general formation of Rifle Clubs; the members of which should frequently meet for practice, and at stated intervals to contend for prizes. By such meetings we should insensibly become familiar with the use of fire-arms, and particularly of a weapon which may serve our country in the hour of need and I bolieve that the skill obtained in this exercise would yield a higher reward than that which is acquired in practising with bows and arrows." We hope that not only will rifle clubs supersede archery clubs, but that the Government will encou rage the formation of them in every district by giv ing to the members of them certain privileges and exemptions, in the same manner as they have so pro perly encouraged the formation of yacht clubs. It is a subject deserving very serious attention. THE MILITARY MAGAZINE. This magazine, if kept up with the spirit exhibited in the present number, cannot fail to succeed. It is not only the soldier's friend, but his champion like wise, and the soldier will not he the less disposed to accept the advice tendered to him by his friend, be cause, when occasion requires it, he is his champion likewise. The following observations on the recent peace lectures delivered at the Hall of Commerce are admirable : " The argument of the lecturers at the Hall of Com merce was, that war is a horrible, and peace a desirable thing. This is as true as if said by poor Richard' himself. The highest living authority has pronounced it impossible to exagg( rat e the horrors of war. Man's imagination—indeed, woman's too—lags in the wake of the reality. As the bray of trumpets has often drowned the groans, entreaties, aye, and curses of the wounded and dying on the battle field, so does the news of victory —with the details of gallant daring and brave endurance --drive from the thought of those who live at home in case the agonies, present and enduring, that very victory has entailed. All that we grant; we grant, too, that the rights of property in a scene of warfare are set et nought; life has no sacredness, for it is the soldier's duty to de stroy it in his enemy—to take it from men with whom he has no personal quarrel, whom he very properly re gards with no animosity. These things, and many more, have been stated by the lecturers in question (and their motives are deserving of all respect, while their eloquence is that of earnest men) ; but the remedy they would apply would aggravate the evil they seek to remove. Let the belief once be established in England that a soldier, even a private sohiier, is not an honourable, as well as necessary calling, let the people be induced to think that war is but a base and bloody trade—let dis content be engendered at the cost of the two services, and a niggard spirit be allowed by the Legislature to reduce the numbers and lessen tae efficiency of the men, and the materiel of war, and what would be the result ? War would be inevitable, because victory over this wealthy country would be thought assured. What caused the Americans to consent to the peaceful settlement of the Oregon question? what but the know ledge that England was fully prepared for war ? That, though not anxious to wound, she was prepared to strike, and to strike home too. What, we repeat, in this in stance manifestly preserved the peace ? Our being armed at all points for war. And so, until society is very different, it will ever be. " No, Gentlemen of the Peace Society, if you succeed in making the soldier's calling an unpopular and, there fore, a slighted one—if you succeed in diminishing the number of oar forces, and making an army and a navy appear costly encumbrances, the Emperor Nicholas, Mr. President Polk, and M. Thiers would declare that, to their views, you were the best friends the age had pro duced." THE POOR REMOVAL ACT. The following circular has been issued by the I' . oors law Commissionersprlaw c to Commission-office, clerks of boards o e f r g se u t ar ll t u an s s e : , December 4, 1846. "Sir,—The attention of the Poor-law Commissioners has been directed to certain cases in which it is alleged that relief has been either wholly refused or inadequately supplied, by boards of guardians, to poor persons who, through the operation of the late statute relating to the removal of tie poor, have now become irremovable from parishes in which they were resident, though settled elsewhere. " The Commissioners believe that this conduct has, in part, resulted from au erroneous supposition that poor persons so circumstanced are not entitled to relief in the parishes where they reside. " The Commissioners desire to impress upon the guardians that a long course of authorities, consisting of legal decisions and the opinions of the ablest text writers upon this subject, has established the rule, that the poor are to be relieved, as their necessities require, in and by the parish where they are resident. "Indeed, the proposition that the poor who happen to be destitute in any particular place are not to be re lieved there by the officers who have the administration of the relief, until it is ascertained that they are settled there, or are casual poor, or that some other parish is under a legal liability to repay the relief, is so contrary to all established principles upon the subject, that the Commissioners have only thus adverted to it because they are informed that such a doctrine has recently been circulated, and may have influenced some of the boards of guardians in their course of action. " The Commissioners have already, in their circular letter of the 20th of October last, pointed out, that no difference ought to be made in the treatment of the two classes of paupers settled, and paupers simply irremov able, with reference to the nature, quantity, or quality of relief administered to them. " The Commissioners admit, indeed, that the cases of the non-settled poor may, for the most part, require to be carefully considered by the boards of guardians, who, by the operation of this statute, are called upon to re lieve them, because it may be found that the relief here tofore supplied by a distant authority has been inappli cable, either in kind or quantity, to the party requiring it, or that the case has not been sufficiently investigated. "If, therefore, the guardians direct a careful inquiry to be made into the circumstances of the parties and the actual necessities of the cases with a view simply of satis fying themselves as to the proper relief to be admistered, and on receiving the result of such inquiry proceed to administer the relief as they would do under similar cir cumsta,,ces in respect to a settled pauper in their union, no objection can be made to their proceedings. But if any difference be made for the purpose of compelling the paupers, now irremovable, to seek relief in other parishes, it is clear that the course will be generally adopted by unions and parishes as a matter of self-defence, and that great suffering and hardship to the poor must ensre. "There can be no doubt that such a course of pro ceeding is st variance with the spirit of the recent statute, which assumes that the irremovable poor, so lone as their residence remains unchanged, will be relieved in the same manner, and on the same terms, as the settled poor. "I am desired to request the guardians to point out to the relieving-officers the effect of these observations, and to warn them that the Commissioners will consider any neglect of the poor who may be resident within their re spective districts, although not settled th ere i n , equa lly culpable with the neglect of the settled poor, and will not hesitate to treat any refusal of relief to the irremovable poor, on the ground of their settlement elsewhere, as a gross violation of their duty. " The Commissioners wish to advert to one other point, namely, the continuance of non-resident relief. In the observations which they have made in their circular letter of the 17th September last upon this subject, they have not advised the guardians to discontinue the relief in cases where the non-resident paupers are removable. They desire it to be understood that they by no means recommend an indiscriminate withdrawal of such relief. They believe that the boards of guardians may find it desirable, in many cases in which the statute does not apply, to continue that relief, and the Commissioners do not consider that it would be unlawful for them to adopt this course, although it may not be advisable now to allow it for the first time even in cases where it would not be unlawful. " I have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, " W. G. LUMLEY, Assistant-Secretary. M. EUGENE SUE AND MR. MITCHELL The following letter has been addressed to Mr. Mit chell, the director of the French Plays ; " I learn, Sir, from my excellent friend the Count d'Orsay, that many persons of the highest consideration in England intend to offer you a public testimonial of the esteem in which they hold you, and of the lively na tional interest they take in the establishment which you, Sir, direct, with so much intelligence, and with so en lightened a love for the fine arts. I should rejoice, Sir, to add my name to those who so justly appreciate your exertions, and to express to you, as a Frenchman, all my gratitude for the generous and elevated zeal with which you foster and popularise in England, French dramatic art and literature, even as you so brilliantly inaugurated in France the master productions of Eng. lish dramatic art. Continue, my friend, to act thus— to retain the approbation of persons of heart and of taste ; for such intellectual exchanges between our two nations must necessarily extend to their enlightenment, their aggrandisement, by creating a reciprocity of feel ing for genius, of which both have so much reason to beproud.—Receive, Sir, &c. " EUGENE SUE." A clever attempt was made on Saturday evening by a well-dressed thief, to steal about 4004 worth of plate, the property of Mr. Johnson. the late Lord Mayor of London. One of Alderman Johnson's servants was employed in loading a cab, at the private door of the Mansion-houw, with the goods of his master, and as soon as a chest of plate was deposited on the driver's box a man bustled into the vehicle suddenly and ordered the driver to set off for the Brighton railroad as quickly as possible. Ihe cabman, supposing that the person who gave him the ord er was duly authorised, began to turn his horse round, but, luckily, one of the attendants at the Mansion-ho use , v‘ h o was assisting in packing up the goods, caught a g li m p se o f t h e ca b , an d called out to the driver that th ere was someth i ng more for hint to carry. The thief i ns id e i mme di ate l y o p e ned the door at the far side, upon being asked what he had to do with the property, and disappeared in a twinkling. Even the most experienced officers of the police admitted that the dexterity with which the experiment was made proved, that the candidate for the plate was a fellow of first-rate genius. THE BRITISH MUSEUM.—On Saturday the entire collection of antique sculpture, &c., deposited in the Townley Gallery of the British Museum, was removed, preparatory to the demolition of the gallery, which is to take place forthwith, a gallery similar is size and archi tecture to the Egyptian to be built on its site. The new rooms in the western wing, i n t en d e d for the reception of mammalia, are to be thrown open to the public during the Christmas holidays. WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET, DEC. 4.—The arrival to this day's market is moderate. We have a fair demand for each article in the trade, without any quota ble variation in price. THE DEPUTY CORONER AND THE MARYLEISONE VESTRY.—On Saturday, at a meeting of the board of directors and guardians of the poor of St. Marylebone, a motion was made calling for a special meeting to in vestigate the duties of the inspectors of the out-door poor, when Mr. Mallalieu said that Mr. Kitchener, fore man of the jury in the late inquest on Louisa Mordaunt, had told him that the jury generally considered there was more blame attached to the family of the Mordaunts than to the parochial officers, and he (the foreman) was much opposed to the censure conveyed by the verdict, but had a most unruly jury to contend with. The chair man thought the foreman of the jury ought to have ex pressed these sentiments to the coroner. Mr. Potter said he thought the term unruly could not properly apply to the jury ; on the contrary, they were too subservient in submitting to be made the tools of the deputy-coroner. After some further observations on the conduct of the deputy-coroner, the motion was carried and the board adjourned. At the same meeting Messrs. Glosier, Ridgeway, and Gomm drew the attention of the vestry to the horrifying condition of the poor, and stated that the coal and potato society, for the benefit of the dis tressed, had not only exhausted its funds, but had also incurred considerable debt. They recommended the vestry to advance 501. to enable the society to purchase coals and pototoes to be given to the poor at cost price. On Saturday night, a thief went into the shop of a watchmaker, in Mark-lane, just as the proprietor, who has been in the habit of packing up his goods in a bag the thief se i ze d preparing to a d n ep d a t r a L kin T g h t e he b m ag h la o y m u e p e o v n e t r t y le e e v o e t n in in te g r ,_ was it—threw a handful of pepper into the face of the shop keeper, and ran down Mark lane. The plundered man roared edffowecnt o f thetuht be g lustily,pepper,and a rnd vanished. ou tNa notwithstandingfotenre , the)f t t thei thief, property w h b o l i t n h d ry e n aw g s lost. The thief escaped. An engagement has been settled with Mr. Bunn for the production of The Bohemian Girl. The Enchan tress &c., with the operatic company of Drury-lane, at the Surrey Theatre. The performances will commence en Easter Monday. MADAME BISHOP.— At the close of Madame Bishop's present engagement at Drury-lane, this distin guished vocalist will proceed upon her tour, which will co mprise Dublin, Edinburgh, and the principal c iti es o f England. The sum guaranteed to her by th e Birming ham director alone am ounts to 600 . So nu merous are her engagements, that every hour will be engrossed for two months. She will return to London in ti me f or th e season. con cert i The operas n which Madame Bishop is to appear are La Sonnambula, Anra Bolen% Linda di Ch a mouni, Lucia de Lammermoor , L'Elisir tr Amore, and The Maid or Artois. Her engagements fir the month of January will amount to nearly a thousand pounds ! a gratifying instance of the high popularity and splendid talents of a native artiste. It was stated in the House of Commons, last session, that Sir William Nott, the hero of Candahar, died in affluent circumstances, and that Lady Nott, his widow, was consequently well provided for as residuary legatee under his will Such, however, was incorrect; for, since then, the affairs have got into Chancery; and it appears, upon the oath of Lady Nott, the executrix. that unless the small freehold property at Carmarthen should sell at a very advanced price,' there will not be enough, after paying the debts, to pay the legacies to the daughters; and that Lady Nott, being entitled only to the residue, will consequently take nothing under the will.--Morning Post. HAnEs.—The supply of hares amongst the poul terers in the London markets has never been so plenti ful, nor the price so cheap. as during the past week. Those of the finest size and quality were on Saturday selling at from ls. 6d. to 2s. each. LORD SHREWSBURY AND MR. O'CONNELL. The following very interesting communication, from the Earl of Shrewsbury, hes been fo-,:arded to us by Dr. John Shiel, of Ballyshannon, to whom it is ad dressed : "Alton Towers, Nov. 30, 1846. "My dear am sorry to learn, by your favour of the 25th, that there can be any party in Ireland so base and so ungrateful, es to be endeavouring to prrju dice the people against O'Connell, under the plea that he has sold his services to the Government for an equi-. valent in patronage. "In whatever difficulties he may be placed, I have sufficient confidence in his honesty and integrity, to be convinced that he will never barter his independence for anything short of justice to his country—and that he may live to see the triumph of that cause which he has so long, so ably, and so energetically advocated, as a re ward for his unrivalled activity and devotion to a great principle, is what we must all sincerely desire—though we may differ, and differ widely, in opinion, on the de tails of those arrangements by which that principle is to be carried out. " Did we require a proof of the honesty and sincerity of his estimation of the means which he called forth for the accomplishment of his end, we certainly now have it in the honest indignation with which he has rejected an appeal to physical, as long as even the most distant hope existed that moral force could be brought to bear upon the question ; and as far as I can form a judgment, O'Connell's character and reputation never stood so high before the public in Eng land as it does now ; not only from his just conceptions of his duty as a loyal subject, but from his unwearied and unremitted exertions in the cause of humanity during the appalling ♦isitation with which it has pleased Provi dence to afflict his unfortunate country. It is, therefore, doubly surprising to us, that amongst those whom he has so long been, and still is, endeavouring to benefit and befriend, there should be found any so devoid of feeling and gratitude as to malign and calumniate him —the more especially in a moment in which his exer tions seem the most likely to be crowned with success, and that a kind and merciful Providence may at length look down with complacency, or with pity, on his suf fering countrymen, and, through his instrumentality, raise them from the state of degradation which has so long lowered them, in spite of the splendid qualities of their nature, in the scale of social beings, is still, and again, the earnest prayer, dear sir, of your us t obe dient humble servant, " SHdEWSBURY. " You also inform me that a pension of 1001. a year was offered to good Father Mathew. There is no price at which the services of that extraordinary man could be repaid ; bnt, surely, a much larger sum would be well spent in enabling him (and that lam sure is all that he desires) to carry out a scheme which has done, and will, doubtless, continue to do, more towards endicating crime and bettering the social arid physical condition of the people than any that could be devised ; and we must still hope that Government will not neglect to avail itself of so easy a means of attaining so great an end.— Dublin Evening Post. THE LATE MARQUIS of AILSA,Ka. Probate of the will of the late most Hon: Archibald Marquis of Ailsa, of the United Kingdom, Earl of Cas aillis in Scotland, of Cullean Castle, Ayrshire, North Britain; of Whitehall-gardens, and of St. Margar- t's. Isleworth, Middlesex, has been grant, d by the Prerega Live Court in London, to the executors and trustees, Sir David Baird, Bart., Colonel Jonathan Peel, and Sir John A. Cathcart, Bart. The personalty in England, and within the provinces of Canterbury, was estimated for duty at 160,0001. His grandson, the present Marquis of Ailsa, eldest son of the deceased Marquis's eldest son, the late Earl of Cassillis, succeeds to the entailed estates of Cassillis and Cullean, and by the law of Scot land there is a power possessed of making provision from entailed estates for the wife and younger children, of which his Lordship availed himself; and has charged the entailed estate in Scotland with the payment of 3,5001. per annum, which he has settled on his relict the Marchioness, and has made a large provision for his younger children. All the unentailed estate, property, and effects, heritable and moveable, real and personal, carriages, horses, pictures, plate, furniture, &c., to be held in trust, and that his relict, the Marchioness, may either enjoy a life interest from certain estates or a sum equivalent, and the selection of any part of plate, and the furniture, books, and pictures not specifically dis posed of, for her own use absolutely, and a sum of 2,000/. for mourning. Besides the furniture, plate, and pictures at Cullean Castle, there is to be transferred there a piece of silver plate, with an engraving repre senting what was termed by the family" his father's battle;" also the following pictures as heir-looms, viz., Mary Queen of Scots and James her father; Louis XIV. introducing King James to his Queen; Buonaparte; Gil bert, Earl of Cassillis; the Lioness in the net. The Mar quis has left to the children of the late Earl of Cassillis a legacy of 4,000/. to eaeh, and to the children of Lady Ann Baird, 2,0001. each, and like legacies to others of his family, as well as specific bequests of pictures and plate. To his executors 500/. each, and liberal legacies to his servants. The residue to his grandchildren in certain specified proportions. The deceased Marquis made a will for England and another for Scotland, both of even date—the 11th September, 1843. His Lordship attained his seventy-sixth year, and died on the Bth of September last. He was created Marquis by King Wil liam IV. in 1831. The Earldom of Cassillis was made in 1509. THE IMPOLICY OF DISCONTINU- ING THE GROWTH OF POTATOES. The following letter has been addressed to the elitor of Bell's Weekly Messenger : Sir,—l promised, as early as convenient, to send you the result of the experiment of leaving. the tops on the late sorts of potatoes. All that has been written and said about cutting off the tops to check the disease and insure sound bulbs is absurd and fallacious. Most as suredly it checks their growth, and that is all it does do. Those who did it this season will not repeat it another. The potatoes on which I allowed the tops to remain were sounder, larger, and better boilers than those from which I removed them. It is now quite certain that the newest varieties are the best. The old Rushford blue, that has been so long grown in this part of the country, has de generated very much indeed, and cannot again be planted with any degree of certainty. The red, a fashionable potato in the west of England, failed altogether with us, and many of the delicate varieties are gone. The white potatoes, of which there are several excellent varieties, and Phillips's blues, stand better than any , other. The latter, in appearance, resemble the Wor cester silk, and partake very much of the nature of the Rushford, only that they present a smoother surface, and are of a deeper colour. lam convinced that the more lime and the less manure that is applied to the land for potatoes the better. The proprietors of allotment ground will do wisely to present their tenants with a little lime next season, for nothing is more suitable to the potato. The idea of discontinuing the growth of this valuable esculent, because it has failed the last two years, is too preposterous to be entertained for a mo ment. We might just as well discontinue the growth of turnips, swedes, and even cucumbers, for they have been similarly affected, although not to the extent of the for mer. None but the hardier sorts of potatoes must be planted, and that much earlier than is usually done, say in March instead of the latter end of April or beginning of May, as is too frequently the case. Those potatoes that were planted early this year are a fair crop and but little injured. Even supposing the frosts should check the early planted, which is seldom the case, de pend upon it, more are injured by late planting from drought than by the frosts of April. It is said that about eighty years ago the potatoes were affected in the same way they have been the last-two years, but that after the third year they suffered no more. Let us hope that it may be so again, for, whatever substitute you may introduce on the working man's table, rest &allured that nothing will please and satisfy him so well as a few smoking hot mealy potatoes. It is all very well for those that have abundance of otherithings to recommend peas,_ swedes, and man g old w ur t ze l, b ut i t i s not so easy to change the taste of a nation long accustomed to one kind of food. Let us trust to an over-ruling Providence, and I have little fear that the scourge will pass over, and that the poor man will again be comforted by a sight and taste of that vegetable which none of us can dis pense with, and which t. him this season is so t teat a luxury.—Yours faithfully, Wick, Nov. 23. H. HUDSON. JUN. EXTRAORDINARY-NECESSITY COCHRANE. If the ports are not opened, it is not for want of agita tion. If Mr. Cochrane cannot earn for himself a good name and a testimonial, be may, if he persevere man• fully, earn for himself a nick-name, and a tolerable share of ridicule. We should not be surpriied if he went down to posterity with Single-speech Hamilton, Prospe rity Robinson, and other gentlemen of the same fortu nate class, as " Extraordinary-Necessity Cochrane." He is resolute to make out a case of extraordinary neces sity against Lord John Russell—but the Firbt Lord of the Treasury is not to be convinced ; the Home Secretary is not to be convinced ; the public is not to be convinced. The only extraordinary necessity discernible, is the ne cessity of thanking God and being conte n t e d. No one but Mr. Cochrane and his disciples can recognise in the fact of a steady fall in the price of every description of food any extraordinary necessity for opening the ports by an Order in Council. The question, be it remembered, it not whether the last rag of protection is to be torn in pieces by a vote of the representatives cf the people ; but whether the Ministry should take upon themselves the responsibility of an unconstitutional act —an act only justifiable under the pressure of some ex traordinary necessity. Mr. Cochrane, it is true, has discovered this necessity, in an increasing abundance of food, which may, perhaps, end in a glut—in a deprecia tion of prices which may eventually be ruinous to pri vate speculators—but the discoveries of men, who are to go down to posterity, are not always appreciable by the understandings of ordinary individuals, whose fame will die with them ; and we confess that we are sufficiently obtase not to perceive that it be comes more and more incumbent on Government to open the ports, as the once-prevailing scarcity becomes a tradi tion and the prospects of the country steadily improve. Mr. Cochrane has fallen upon evil times. He was born, as an agitator, a few months too late. In vain he ex claims to the prices of food, in the words of Milton's Satan— " Awake 1 arise ! or be for ever fallen 1" The exhortation is not heeded. They prefer their fallen state. It is impossible to say what, under happier auspices, he might not have achieved ; but now, whether he exhaust the patience of the Premier, or operate upon the unfailing urbanity of the Home Secretary, who will not pay the agitators the compliment of being ruffled, he bids fair in these hard times, encountered as he is by the stern refusal of esculents in general, and bread in par ticular, to rise at his bidding, to achieve for himself no thing more than the name of " Extra( trdinary-Necessity Cochrane ;" and if he be very ambitious of that distinc• Lion we may help him to secure it.—Atlas. DESPERATE HIGHWAY ROB- RAILI;' Y REGISTER. The Number fo,. t:1- present month completes the fourth Volume of t:le Railway Register, which is dedicated to Henry Iloulds worth, Esq., the chairman of the Manchester and Leeds Railway Company. The opening article, by the Editor, on the Dutch Rhenish Railway is well worthy the study of those who have invested, or intend to invest, capital in foreign railway schemes. This paper is followed by a valuable digest of the statistics of Belgian railway traffic in 1844 and 1845, anticipatory of the publica tion of the Minister of Public Works for the latter year. We have likewise a carefully-considered and admirably-written paper on Indian Railways, from the pen of the Riitor, which contains much useful information as to the mode in which those railways are likely to work. This paper is the first of a series. "The Portfolio" contains the conclusion of the official documents relating to the South-Western Railway, and the original prospectuses, &c., of the Cornwall, West Cornwall, Preston and Longridge, and Nor wich and Brandon Railways. THE PATRICIAN. Edited by John Burhe, Esq. The December number completes the second volume of this very valuable and admirably arranged geneologbal and archmlogical miscellany. Among the most interesting papers of the present number is one on that grand historical enigma " the Man with the Iron Mask," the writer of which proves most satisfactorily that " the Man with the Iron Mask" could not have been Count Matthioli, as imagined by the Quarterly Reviewer, and shows that probably Voltaire was right when he represented him as being the twin brother of Louis XIV. The series of curious trials connected with the aristocracy is continued, and in this number we have the trial of Lord Byron for killing Mr. Chaworth in a duel, in 1765. From the evidence adduced at . the trial, it is clear that; Lord By ron was more sinned against than sinning, and that Mr. Chaworth was a mere spadassin, who richly merited the fate which he provoked. The quarrel originated in an after-dinner conversation on the subject of game. Mr. Chaworth, who was a great game-pre server, insisting that the only way to have game was to exercise great strictness and severity with the country people, while Lord Byron advocated milder measures. This trial is very interesting, as illustra tive of the brutal state of manners among the English aristocracy at the commencement of the reign of George 111. THE BANKERS' MAGAZINE. The present num: er ..ontains much useful informa tion on the statistics of banking, besides affording a compendious record of the statistics of the money market during the i a t month. F i NE ARTS. THE ILL LY ES OF SHAKSPERE. t VIII. Nothing that we have, already said in "i c a l e t o our t h commenda tione of this ch “ a H rm er it t :Ls t e h r a ia t l g i r s ao i o n fo ar p reationof that beau ideal of maidenly c modesty present part. that Hero who exclaimed with such a simple and affecting dignity— " One Hero died defiled; but I do live, And, surely as I live, I am a maid," is here pourtrayed with infinite elegance. Perhaps there is something too inodt-rn in the costume, but, with this minor fault, the plate is not to be caviled at. Maria is, if possible, batter; there is visible in the lip and eye all the archness of the damsel who played practical jokes on Alalvolio, who flirted with Sir Andrew Ague-cheek, and bantered Sir Toby Belch. Lavinia, the heroine of that ghastly drama Titus Andronticus, that grim tragedy which so re volted Robert Burns, that he petulently flung it in the fire after its first perusal, is here delineated with surprising delicacy. She is pourtrayed as she is des cribed when— _ "Fresh tears Stood on her choeks—as doth the honey dew Upon a gather'd lily almost wither'd." The artists are evidently striving to do justice to the poet, and the engravers are endeavouring to do justice to the artists. The near er thi s periodical app roaches to our own OLD ENGLAND'S WuIcTHIES. P art XXXV times, the mor e interesting and va luable doesit ..be come to our thi n ki ng . A n em bl azon ed sketch of S. Stephen's, Walb roo k—th e scourer o f so m any pasqut nides upon its churchwarden, and one of the master pieces of our g rea t arc hi tect, Si r Ch r i stop h e r Wren —is the frontispiece. When we say that such cha racters as Newton, as Defoe, as Marlborough, and as Addison are delineat e d i n t hi s part, we eed not subjoin that the number is most instructive. THE PICTORIAL GALLERY OF ARTS. Apt XXIII. In lavish embellishment this remarkable publication still keeps pace with the preceding numbers. When we remember the la's: ,ter of the artist, of the en gravers, of the printers, of I 1 :e compos i tors, and of th editor, which must have been expended upon it we are amazed at its cheapness and excellence. CURIOUS CASE OF SOMNASIBULISAL—Between five and six o'clock on Monday morning, one of the watchmen in the employment of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Company was considerably surprised at seeing a man in a night-gown and cap proceeding along the railway from Ordsall-lane station towards Hunt's Bank. He immediately hailed the intruder, who, however, took no notice of the summons, but proceeded with all the gravity imaginable, as if in the fulfilment of some im portant mission. On being laid hold of, it was found that the stranger was sound asleep; and, on inquiry, it was ascertained that he had proceeded in that state from his house in Ordsall-lane to the point at which he was stopped. It was fortunate that he was seen by the watch man at the hour is question, for, but for this, the chances are that he would have been run over and killed by au train.—Manchester Examiner. . BERY AND ATTEMPTED MURDER. HERTFORD, DEc. 5. This morning, one of the most atrocious and desperate cases of highway robbery, and attempted murder, was heard at the Shire Hall, in this town, before Mr. Mills, chairman, and a full bench of county magistrates. The prisoners were Charles Pearse and Benjamin Smith, two ferocious looking young men, who have been in the habit of travelling about the coun try under the pretence of selling brushes, but whose chief occupation has, it is believed, been robbery. The prose cutor is a dealer in earthenware, and who has been for some years past well known in Hertford, as an honest and industrious man. The occurrence took place about a fortnight since, but the prosecutor had not previously sufficiently recovered from the effects of the wounds he received on the occasion to appear before the bench. He appeared very weak, and was obliged to be accom • moaated with a chair during the inquiry. His head and face presented a most frightful appearance, being cut in all directions. and in some pla , !es large pieces of flesh had been entirely beaten away, leaving his scull quite exposed to view. He said—My name is James Jarvis. I am a hawker, and am in the habit of travelling to the different towns in the county with earthenware. On Saturday, the 21st ult., I was at Welwyn. I was in the Horse Shoe public-house, I there saw the prisoners. I cannot say whether I had ever seen them before. After staying at the Horse Shoe about ten minutes, I left for Ware. I went into the Checquers at Ware. I had not been there long before the prisoners came in. I was in the Checquers about half an hour, I then left for Datch worth. I told the prisoners where I was going. By the Bench—What iadaced you to tell the pri soners where you were going ? Prosecutor—Some person in the Checquers said, " It is a fine night; where are you off to, Jarvis?" I replied, " I have sold all my goods, and I am now going to Datchworth." It was between four and five o'clock. I then left the house. When I arrived at Fishwood I felt what I consider two stones thrown at me. One struck my hat. It was dark, and I could not see any person. I cried out, "Iloilo, what are you at?" I did not hear any p erson spea k, and almost immediately after I received a dreadful blow on the left side of my head, and before I had time to speak I received another on the top of my head, which caused the blood to run out of my ears, eyes, and nose, and mouth, to such an extent that I was nearly choked. I then felt that two persons had by some means got into my cart from behind. As they still continued beating me, I said, " For God's sake don't murder me ; what do you want ?" One of the prisoners said, "D— you, your money or your life." I replied that I had not got any money. They then threw me down in the bottom of my cart, and one still continued striking me about the head, whilst the other was searching my pockets, but not succeeding in finding my money, one said, "Let's murder the —, and then we can search him better ;" and the other replied, " So we will ; he's got money, because he said he had sold all his goods ;" and they immediately commenced beating me about the head in a most unmerciful manner. By this time I was nearly choked, as I felt my throat filling with blood, and feeling assured that I should be murdered, if assistance did not arrive, I therefore by some means managed to jerk myself out of my cart. The persons followed me, and finding myself quite overpowered, and completely saturated with blood, I gave myself up for lost, when the persons who were assaulting me, hearing some per sons coming, ran off. By the Bench—Did you know the void of the person who said, " Your money or your lif e ?" P rosecutor— Yes ; I immediately recognised the voice to be Smith's • and the party who said " Let us murder him first" was the prisoner Pearse. BY the Bench—What did they rob you of ? Prose cutor--Twopence, a comb, and a knife. By the Bench—Was that 101 the money ru had Prosecutor—No; I had between four and five pounds In one of my pockets, but the prisoners did not search that pocket. William Hyde said, on Sunday, the 22d, he found the tick which he now prUcluced, laying near the spot where the robbery took place. There was a great quantity of blood near the spot. Witness also found the lining of a man's hat. - The stick (which bore evident proof of having been used on the occasion it being covered with blood, and ir. some placs where the bark had been knoclAed off waf literally dyed through) was a piece of nut hazel, about four feet long and eight inches in circumference. It had evidently bet n recently cut from the tree. Other witnesses, who saw the prisoners at the public house and on the road, corroborated the evidence of Jarvis ; and the police inspector stated that at the house of Pearse's mother he found, a pair of bloody trousers, and a pair of boots covered with blood, which belonged to Pearse. Both prisoners wore committed for trial. THE WINTER ASSIZES.-Mr. Justice Cre!sswell and Mr. Justice Vaughan Williams, the Judgos ap pointed to preside at our winter assize, will open the commission for the county and city at York, ea is day (Saturday). On Sunday the Learned Judges • will at tend Divine service at the cathedral, when the assize sermon will be preached by the sheriff's chaplain, the Rev. S. Gamlen, vicar of Bossall ; and their Lordships will be accompanied to the cathedral by James Walker, Esq., of Sand Hutton, the high-sheriff of the county. At present there are ninety-nine prisoners for trial in the county and one in the city, exclusive of those. .out on bail, and some of the cases to be tried will eyieit 4 can ' siderable interest,—Leeds Times. 0 TAHEITE. Thu following memorial to the King of the French, on ;he subject of Otaheite, has been numerously signed : " TO HIS MAJESTY LOUIS PHILIPPE, KING OF THE FRENCH. " The Memorial of the undersigned Members of the Baptist Church and Congregation assembling for Divine Worship in South Parade, in Leeds, in the county of York, " Showeth—That your memorialists desire to ap proach your Majesty with the respect that is due to the beloved monarch of a great and powerful nation. They have heard with deep regret of the naval and military proceedings of your Majesty's ships and soldiers in Ota heite, by which the Queen has been compelled to fly for safety from her usual residence, many of the inhabitants have been driven from their homes to the mountains and fastnesses of the island, and the lives of multitudes of the Otaheiteans and of your own subjects have been sacri ficed in battle. The woes of the past cannot be recalled, but the woes anticipated in future, to a great extent, may be prevented by your Majesty's prompt and ener getic interference. That interference will be highly honourable to your Majesty, but the extermination of the Otaheiteans would leave an indelible stain on the history of your reign. " Your memorailists beg leave to submit to your Ma jesty's attention _ _ " - First—That your Majesty has no right of dominion in the island of Otaheite, because, supposing the treaty on which your claim is founded to have been signed by the Queen of Otaheite voluntarily without force or fear, her Majesty has no right or authority to transfer her sovereign power over the people to another, without their full and free consent. Secondly—The establish ment of distant colonies, according to the practice of European nations, by force, both in past and present times, has been a frightful source of bloodshed, misery, and crime, and is manifestly in opposition to the pre cepts and principles of Christianity, as taught in the New Testament. _ _ _ "Your memorialists desire to explain that they do not appeal to your Majesty through the ministers of our gra cious Sovereign, because your protectorate of Otaheite has been acknowledged by the government of this coun try, the validity of which we, as individuals, deny ; be cause our beloved country retains the sovereignty over colonies which (like Otaheite) have been obtained by force of arms, and which we consider one of our great national sins; and, because diplomatists rarely appeal to the principles of right as revealed in the Word of God, but often to the physical force by which their appeals can be enforced. " Your memorialists, from the highest authority, know that, whether men believe it or not, the Lord executeth righteousness and judgment for all that are oppressed;' and, therefore, they entreat your Majesty to bring the proceedings of your commanders, by sea and by land, in Otaheite, under your own calm examination, on Chris tian principles, and to adopt such measures towards the Queen and inhabitants of Otaheite (many of the latter widows and orphans), as the great principle of doing to others as we would that they should do to us, mani festly points out for your Majesty's guidance. " Your memorialists cordially wish your Majesty a long, happy, and prosperous reign, that your throne may be established in righteousness, and that when God shall call you to resign your earthly crown it may be ex changed for an enduring crown of righteousnet's in the mansions of eternal glory."—Leeds Mercury. Verdi has nearly concluded his new opera, founded upon Lord Byron's beautiful poem of " The Corsair." It is composed expressly for her Majesty's Theatre, and report speaks of the fragments which have become known as the master-pieces of this most popular of modern composers. ALARMING f--VEST !—On Sunday evening last, as the congregation of St. Peter's Chapel, Leeds, were de voutly engaged in religious exercises, they were all a t o nce frightened from their propriety by a dull rumbling noise, followed by the crai,h of a heavy falling body. In stantly a cry arose of " The chapel's falling," and out rushed men, women, and children, in the direst confu sion, and dismay. Vain were the expostulations of par son and precentor. No. I first, and religion after," was the order of the night. One beloved brother, m ore co urageous than his fellows, stayed b e hi n d w i t h t h e . prea cher ; and, by the awful perils of the night e nticed the wandering sheep once more within the fold , by joining the worthy preacher in a duet—" Praise God from whom all blessings flow." The worthy and courageous worshippers had been thus unceremoniously driven from the house of prayer, by---a slip of snow ! WHo IS THE AUTHOR OF C2ESAR BORGIA ? " —The curiosity evinced to ascertain who was the author of " Whitefriars" has considerably increased since the pro duction of his new work " Caesar Borgia." On the pub lication of " Whitefriars," the Athenceum attributed the aut h ors hip to Mr. Ainsworth, who immediately dis claimed it. It was then erroneously bestowed npon the author of " Shakspeare and His Friends," and subie quently on Lord Ranelagh. The same desire of fixing the paternity of this literary offspring appears to have been ver y lately repeated by the editor of the Britannia, who assigns the authorship to Mr. Charles Whitehead—on very insufficient grounds, as has since been clearly esta blished ; and, lastly, the critic in the New Monthly Ma gazine is equally positive that the writer is a lady ! We are authorised, however, to state that the work is from no female pen, but we should recommend the real party in the cause to put in an appearance, if he wishes to se cure a right to his own property. REMARKABLE TRIAL AA U N COLOGNE. li, The Criminal Court of Cologne sat, on the .‘. 7* V - --7 . 7 - ;''' \r, to try M. Oppenheim upon an indictment for ~ 1-13; - —l4 . _: - li›.A:. box from the Baroness do Meyendorff will ..- .'rs, 4li;* a Hotel de Mayence, at Cologne, on her wee f. t - i. _/,-,. s.;4l,''''.'s ~., , _ Nty 1 r e si*Z la-Chapelle to Paris. The Baroness arrived ate /47111 - ' in the afternoon of August 21st ; and a few ho .-: tiii. - _-..t ,_.---- . her, alighted two gentlemen, who gave as their Kronecker, a merchant of Breslau, and Ullmann, _ _ chant of Berlin. __ Kronecker, immediately on his artiv made minute inquiries about the Baroness, particular as to the baggage she had brought with her, and also t, to the stay she meant to make. This stay was vet i short, as she intended to embark the next morning it steam-boat going down the Rhine. At six in the mor: ing of the 22d all her packages were brought from h apartment into the passage, and left there wh - her valet went into her with the bill of the lens lord. When he returned with the money to pay it he . once missed from the heap of packages a small caske which he knew to be of great value to his mistress. I. immediately proclaimed the loss, and the people of tl house of once recollected- that the two travellers, Kr necker and Ullmann, had just taken their departure a hackney-coach, and conceived that they might, 1 mistake, have carried away the casket with their ow luggage. Esser, a man in the employ of the Baronet , ran after the coach, but met it coming back empty. Tl, coachman informed him that one of the gentlemen ht. got out on the way, but that the other had alighted st the railroad station. Esser followed the latter, an. found him in one of the carriages. On being *mkt.. whether he had by mistake taken with him a cask' . that did not belong to him, he assured them that he hay nothing with him but the paletot en his arm. Ar however, he was pale, and seemed agifateet Esser's suspicions were excited, and taking wit* him a police officer, he went on by the san. train to Bonn. On arriving there, the baggage of tl traveller was found to consist of a small trunk, and ti; sacs de nuit, which were seized ; but the traveller, wl had assumed the name of Ullmann, effected his escar On examining the contents of the trunk in the presen of an officer, the casket was found in it intact, ai among other things several innkeeper's bills, made of the name of Dr. M en dl eso h n , a distinguished Prussia advocate. In one of the bags was a portfolio cotainia letters and other papers, addle ssed to and bearing ti; name of M. Oiipenheim, assessor of the Royal Court t Berlin. In the beginning of October and November t% had several articles giving the details of this transactioi from which it appeared that the travellers, under th names of Kronecker and Ullmann. were Dr. Mendlesoly, and M. Opp -nheirn; 0 a , their .•l j et was only to recove I from the Baroness a rent ehanze or her life of 25,000 a year, grantett by the Count dr ris.veld,- sr cured upn,- his estates, :he eon..i aeration tOr whieh uas stfite to be 250,00011, and e. old ..1•1 b.- fi.-t , ti , u.. as ju th s , o Baroness w as ~ v old .1 ta:l m an , '0 3.'v ~ t eine an # such sum. M. Opp en h eim si:-!,....! fed liims,lf t r y tice, anti has now taken his t.ial. Dr. Mend] , sohn ha., however, still remained at liberty, though, as our reader , . will recollect, it was at one time thought that he waa caught at Hebersthel, a small Prussian town on th e frontier of Belgium ; hut the captive turned out to h Felix Mendelsohn, the celebrated Doctor of Music, bi no Doctor or Laws. M. Oppenheim was arraigned nr only for stealing the casket, but also for having wilfull' torh, during his previous examination, rem- document, laid as evidence before the examining magistrate. Thee, consisted of drafts of letters, which were, he maintainek of a private nature, having no connexion with th" matter in question. M. Oppenheim, on being inter rogated by the President of the Court, avowed that h. had taken away the casket, but denied that it could be iii, puted to him as a crime, as he merely meant to get posses sion of an illegal deed of rent-charge, executed by thet Count de Hatzfeld, the husband of his client, the Conn; tens de Hatzfeld, upon a fictitious consideration, to thc * great injury of her and her children ; and at the Barnet time to avoid the scandal of a suit at law between hus band and wife. The President observed to M. Oppena heim that it appeared from his letters that one of his objects was to obtain some proofs of adultery against the Count de Hatzfeld. The prisoner also admitted this, but declared that it was only a secondary consideration with, him and the other advisers of the Countess. On the second charge of tearing the documents before the exa mining magistrate, he maintained that he was not guilty of any breach of the law, as they did not in any wise re late to the matter in question. The Court then proceeded to the examination of witnesses. The first called was the Baroness de Meyendorff, but she did not appear. The rest of the witnesses were the valet and femme de chambre of the Baroness, and the officers who arrested M. Oppenheim, whose testimony went merely to the facts of the taking away and recovery of the casket, and the sr rest of' the prisoner, as before stated. M. Windschert„ the registrar of mortgages at Dusseldorf, after pro testing against giving evidence of mortgages intrusted to his charge officially, objections that were overruled by the Court, was proceeding to give evidence, when the Procureur-General interposed, and admitted that in June last the Baroness de Meyendorff had contracted at Paris, by a notoriate act, to advance to the Count de Hatzfeld 250,000 fr. in purchase of a rent charge upon his estates, of 25,000 fr. a year for her life, but that this contract had since been annulled. He then addressed the Court in support of the prosecution, and demanded a verdict of guilty o n b o th counts.—The counsel for M. Oppenheini replied. In defence of the attempt to gain possession of the grant of the rent charge, he gave an animated representation of the cir cumstances under which the attempt was made, and maintained that it could not be perverted into a robbery. He stated that the Countess de Hatz feld, the daughter of a Sovereign Prince of Germany, was married at the early age of sixteen to the Count—a marriage that was only the commencement of a life of, misery. Even the birth of three children could not se cure her from the ill-treatment of her husband, and in 1833 she was obliged to separate herself from him, and go to live at Berlin with her two younger children. The Court instituted a suit for a divorce, but which she (the Countess) had defended with success. To persecute her, be had since deprived her of the socily of her children; and, by the deed of annuity to the Baroness de Meyen dorff, had attempted to rob them of part of their inl-erit ance. He ceased to pay the Countess her stipulated almony, and nut her daughter into a convent at Vienna, where she had been incarcerated for nine year.. In 1840 a reconcibation took place, and the Countess ret:tnrnaerdostoe, live with her husband. Diffe-ences ,coon a t ,;. a and the Count withdrew from her to his chateau of Schoenstein. She once more joined him, grit he imme diately after abandoned her and their children, and went to reside at Dusseldorf, leaving orders that she should be kept in the château as a prisoner. She was treated with disrespect by his servants. In 1841 her family interfered, and the Count was induced to sign a deed of separation, binding himself to allow her a certain in come, which, however, he never paid in full. In 1845 he announced to his wife that he would never be recrm ciled to her, and declared to his youngest son that if he remained with his mother he would lose for ever the protection of his father. She went to Berlin, and 'there learnt that the Count was living at Aix-la-Chapelle with the Baroness de Meyendorff and, at the same time, gained information of the annuity deed, arid a letter from the Count to the Baroness fell into their hands, containing the following passage:—" I believe I love you so much, because I never before loved any woman. It is a misfortune to love so well, when one is obliged to separate from the beloved object. I will make every sacrifice to get rid of that horrible woman, and then your future happiness will be secure." Upon this the Countess, accompanied by a venerabl e p r i est, went to Aix-la-Chapelle, and after some discussion the Count promised to annul the annuity deed ; but on the l'ollow lug day again repudiated his wife, and she returned from Aix-la-Chapelle ; and the recovery of the dee 3, sup posed to be in the hands of the Baroness was - resolved upon. To prove that the consideration of 2 50,000 fr. could not be real, the counsel affirmed that n , e ither the Baroness de Meyendorff nor her husband pos s essed apy a fo r r e tu v n en e u w e h o a f te s v o e o r :o n o o o r f: c per u e r l d a t n h n e u m C o , u a n n t d de en H ir a jy r i e n fe g ld, with an ;i t s h e e l 'F sum c counsel then credit,enormous ra t rate possibly pwant cent.to b o r T r Iv learnedan then entered upon the technical question of the robbery, and insisted that under no law, human or divine, could the taking away the casket be cons el ered as a crime. The second count of the indictment ver4s argued against by another advocate, for M. Oppen/ teim. The usual replies were made, and the Judge sr limed up the case with great clearness and impartiality, leaving the deci sion to the Jury, who, after retiriei g for halt an hour, returned and pronounc e d a ver di c t. of Not Guilty. M. Oppenheim was immediately discharged out of custody. :avasAtar of thisASHLEY.-=Thep AsELEY.The absenc_etNoble Lord from the recent meeti ngs in Y or kshire and Lancashire, to promote the ten hours factcmy agitation, has occa sioned some surprise in this pa rt of the country, and has not, we believe, been satis factorPy accounted for, except that his Lor dship is not willing to surrender his own judgment to the dictation of much less cool-headed men. —Leeds Mercury. Our obituary this week ee,ntains the name of Mr. J. P. Anderdon, of Farley-hil , „ near this town, a gen tleman whose courtesy, urinanity, and open-handed aimed ur. e r c . l ln ri d t i 3 n t g ha.dfttt roans neighbourhood:j, mars.*.rn. A de , , ,d rp e a rdn im ha to d the av the venerable see of 87 y ips rs, and the whole of his bmg life had bean distingu ish ed b y the virtues whic'n adorn rp the gentleman and the Chrsrian. His 104 s will be -ev-rely felt by the poor of the neighbourhood, this ' o wn included, his muMfieei et. being nomialh extended to many of our 10. , a1 Berk.hire Chronicle. The principal in tilt:l , late elopement from Bond street having been disec,rered, we understand an indict ment will shortly be preferred against, him, and also againsf the house in Ling's-place, for re,..eiving the stolen property. It is hoped a conviction will relieve the parish of St. Jailres from one of thou..,. nuisances which. have of late aided in the entrnpmen t and seduction of mere children.--Sunday paper. THE QUEEN V. RICHARD DIT.NN.—The trial of this indictment is appointed to talLe place at Guildhall, an the 15th instant. A special jui,ty will be summoned at the instance of the prosecutrix , Miss Burdett Coutts. Mr. Lumley, director of 'tier Majesty's Theatre, London, leaves Paris in a few 'Jays for England, having concluded all his continental arrangements in the most s atisfactory manner.—Ga lig LIVERrooL, SATURDAT,---It is ii,czni.. shortly r the Government to replace Mr. Ouseley il i M n Crit tb be r.e R i vered on 'Change that a new Minister will Plate. There is, we believe , sent t out by no doubt that Mr. Ouseley will be recalled.—Times. TAX ON BEER.—The tax on ale is three fa xthings per quart —poor people are charged 4d. But th ydu not know it, and, therefore, it is said they are not taxed at all. A labourer who earns 15s. per week, and who drinks a quart of ale a day, pays as tax 2s. 4d. l per week; per quarter, 30s. 4d.; and per annum, 61. 15..4141. It is proposE.d in place of this, that he should pay 4 c. 9 ( 1. per quarter, or 19s. per annum—ll. is put on, 61. a. re taken oft —Mr. W. B. Smee on ,Extending the Inco pec Tag. Second Edition.