The Sun. — London, England, 1846-03-10 00:00:00

-----''''. tE. 4 ),e! rod ow °. ft' FitoSesidjol to the— •.Ao dij ni i sl ' t ° u t titif Pli °rt J ut ;II T., )s' A l ;erifi; n u - .0038 10 r r e e be web' i rtA bo o, t e 2varaov GRALVDSEND FOR SIXPENCE. „BOAT lan) ZAILWAY TICLUDED. ..•,• titer and Blaekvrall Paellas le-i.e the 1074CBRIIIiiiWICK WHARF, ELACKWILL. NIL —At 9% , 10%, 12, 1%, 3%, and b. Th o irLYIB.—At 9%, 11, 1%, and 5. a artilaB Oris Quarter of an FIG.= before etch if these tiraes. tirAtOli T AE ROYAL TBRRACN FIRE, GRATBSEND' 1t0,1 3 : 4 -Y 5 .---At 8%, 9%, 11% 1,3, and 5. 8%, 11%, 3, and 5. lloaday Moraine as extra Packet at half-past 7. BFere Fare, Bd.; Chia( Fare, 9d. ,_ .6" true for boats c a lli ng at the latermallata g tr ..en At the Rtar Oftoo, Blaetwall Railway. N ita, Gravesead, rob. 27. ILT ,., ------------.—_-_,....—_ is 'n o v ERSAL GAS-LIGHT COMPANY atm" 160,0801., i n 6,000 Sh ares o f 207 . per Sh are. P'esit, 23 . per Share. in accordance with the Act. 8. he :(Provisionally Registered.) 1 1 . 4 bani allotnient of Shares will take plaae on the 16th of March C 4hu n Bti les. E _next ensuing. li titr. b k5,1 70n ci. Professor Ryan. M.D., LL.D. .10 , ~ r and „ , , Robert Nicholson, Esq. (17( 41 Pepl ow - r-e ( l.. Patentee Dominique Causse, Esq. . ‘4l kook ' E .,., 5 q• Henry Ault, Esq. e. -r.sq : John Kissick, Esq. KO LIciTOR—J. F. W. Fesenmeysr, Esq. SIN Co BAN K -rats—Sir Claude Scott, Bart., and Co. ia, i nPany is formed for the purpose of carrying out, and bring nroleusral use, au invention (secured by letters patent) for an itiSArcanufacture of gas of a superior quality, and at much less leis 8 . 44 the usual cost, by an apparatus so simple in construe- Zasti, e ' °o3 Pendious iu form, as to be available in any building %z %zit' 4 w here the ordin ar y sn ppli e s o f gas are no t access ibl e . it' , 1.6ttuy. 149 . 1 Prospectus, which may be had at the offices of the tiic 44 3 , 1 ,2 1)111 17-lane, with forms of application for shares, and i. eitkiilir ken the apparatus at w ork, an d the brilliancy of the l alide riT t ed. Mr. William Nicholson, Secretary, to whom must "' co mmuncations, post free. ' i=4-ti.SAL GAS-LIGHT COMPANY.— cov, 4 r ., - -tOTS TAKEN for lighting up with a superior GAS, theZruced rate, tewns, villages, lighthouses, dockyards, hos- Weks, rail " , public offices, manufactories, printing-offices, prisons, irt i l i lter 4 v i w Y - stations, asylums, schools, and other large build tuu.us ordinary gas is not accessible. Letters to be ad "r. William Nicholson, Secretary, 159, Drury-lace. A41 0 ,,5 01 , - ; ANT to a DECREE of the HIGH AO, th:', l ' of CHANCERY, made in a Cause ALDRED against I 'se% k,reditors of JOHN ALDRED, Esq., formerly of Great 10 6eltj 1 , 11 t he county of Norfolk, afterwards of Hatten-garden, 147% oter L onde*, and subsequently of Boulogne-sur-bier, in the srb er ta nce, where he died, in the month of February, 1839, Se4th,_ ore the 14th d ay o f April }text, to come in and prove totni bef ore Sir GIFF IN Witsox, o ne of th e M as t ers o f th e N4 4o tig his Chambers, in Southampton-buildings, Chancery the er in default thereof, they will be peremptorily ex t of the said Decree. - 4rSLE T , SCOTT, and lIERTSLET, Plaintiff's Solicitors, 31. Norfolk-street, Strand. ct err or ------______ t )' ,AI °l3. of beautiful ITALIAN SCULPTURE, embracing r , ,veridid objects of Art, exquisitely Sculptured Figures, g des in Alabaster, and the Marbles of Tuscany. , 4 11 to . 4D -MUND ROBINS is directed by the o,,_etionicgnee to SUBMIT to unreserved PUBLIC SALE, at miltinsiv e nis, in Covent-garden, on THURSDAY next, at Twelve, 4, 140 k ee 'TM varied collection of beautiful ITALIAN SCULP kiII ta ttle Haul imported, embracing numberless charming speci ktithille r n litor's art, many of them original, and others copied kil,ttie '`iowned models in the Florentine, Roman, Pompeii and N 4 'es,. 4 , ler iss, comprising beautiful alabaster groups, figures, 1144....--"ecuted in Florence . by the most talented modern artists, e ".tibia oee tsu s ge of noble vases, tazzas, and ornaments, of the tOtira.,,can, Adrian Roman, and Warwick forms, sculptured 1 4 4 ,7 of V° , giallo, agate, arid other rare arid recently discovered l a kt el p ic) ?!cauy and Elba, calculated for halls and vestibules; tZh olle tiore r e ' r al t e ii Mar le tables, and numberless pleasing objects of coll ee .,_ e drawing-room. it , I t , ( „r e n will be on view two days prior, at the Auction I to, "v nt .g ar d en. inch•e k s 4 It v., SefitHaze of SILVER, of the most elegant description, 4 t he I. 4 A ri b et i , of Splendid ELE ' CTRO-PLATED APPENDAGES R. .;''.-.1 , and SIDE-BOARD, of Elkingu,l's manufacture. gt r 4 i .D MUN D ROBD. S is instructed to 4 bslsto-'-' Starch UCTION, at his Rooms, in Covent-garden, on , t 4 suagni.2 8, at Twelve, under a positive order for sale, kis,N a,nce...nt display of PLATE, of the most fashionable kind. I t;', 4 , l big t:olIEE THOUSAND OU \ CES of SILVER, abets, 61; 0 chased soup-tureens and covers, two venison dishes, e;sl c . dlshes, a 22-inch salver, chased vine border ; bread % I.Otaitrnt vases and covers, claret ewers, tea urns, and tea and r l k.)?,,ltol, e s; Also a great varetv of N . ' , I), of'ATF.II) APPENDAGES for the TABLE and SlDE a,,',slag h t he best MANUFACTURE a Messrs. ELKINGTON, k ri . lad e ',nndsorne dishes and covers, in sets ; venison dish and . se4ined casserole dishes, ice pails, water ewers, salvers and L. ; a nd, in candelabra, candlesticks and branches, spoons aid iNon N, -- dishes a B , I7 ,, P ERIOR SHEFFIELD PLATE, k i t B l: ePergn e - g - " c overs, soup and sauce tureens, side and ragout y as kets, sa,!, Wi ne-coolers, liquor and cruet frames, bread and 1 11 1 , t lo f a ,,, , ers and waiters, &c., presenting a tempting oppor tt:direct,ues, and hotel and tavern-keepers, a peremptory sale a b e I y i a. 1.14 It enveb ts ' yr ed two days prior, with catalogues, at the Auction -4." THE STAR HOTEL, SOUTHAMPTON. ki 4 t„,_ ARDINER, is instructed, by the Execu %49, ai;?•and Assignees, to LET or SELL, with immediate pos. N s iii ilet,ait capital first-rate HOTEL, known as the STAR, si- Ket th e 'lg r h-street, Southampton, a house universally known N'itroni2.,st establishments of its hind in the king,,om. It has 45 1 4 (1e -- 0 7 n jor many years by persons and families of the first kttttl it t i o f ":.,itu_nies accommodations of the most . superior order, a L. 111 1 `n" e Y having been . expended within a few . years,. in 0, b; a uvrn lits . and additions to the premises, which include 1;5 4 7)11 1 ., and sitting rooms, coffee-room, capital stabling ilt h rerlsi, t,,,:ncs, a good tap, and eTery other requisite. . Under Vie,,:_auence of an active principal, a most extensive . and Vseti'e'dtnercial trade may be added to the established business N' Of 4 frOM the rapidly increasing importance of the town It, ottra,?_ut, hamptoli in a commercial point of view, a great in ki::111: „,.' ia inevitable. A lease will be granted at a moderate setehrla-etnises will be sold. t uY be obtained of Mr. Gardiner, auctioneer, 17, Hat 11§t 1 k t ,, k at! ic4ellent FAMILY HOTEL, INN, arid COMMERCIAL 10p,„.. t h, e mast commanding situation in one of the boat , 11 , 6' in England, within 100 miles of London. kla, 4 llt l2 ''', LET, upon moderate terms, by Mr. kN, kil 1 4 , 1 1 11, —The premises are spacious, and in excellent lirawkaa r ,:ude about 30 lied-rooms, good sitting-rooms, capital lititk;sgerr_.`ading-rooms good tap, stabling, coach-houses, and ~,, 'enisite for the business, which averages about 6,0001. t r end 4l , ll is increasing. The ' town and neighbourhood are g i N,.,4 t i tt,e local advantages such as will insure a continuance ~t It Dip ,' i g Trite free from brewer, distiller, and wine mer ' lik l btl % t t., ' eb ase-money for the lease, goodwill, stock and effects, 14,8 about 4 owl ; 11 4. bla . 3 ' be ' obtained by Principals, of Mr. Gardiner, auc 4&;"`ton Garden 'IA? 6 ----- -- . t ‘tt , , t etist er 0 PALETOT of LLAMA CLOTH, ,Ni4 kt ,,l!ri4:c l o, 6 a r n e d 7 r. v c ic., b e r r i t x . 65. patronised by the Prince Nk Ce•at e° l,,th,,-tici t ,recommends itself to the Public generally by its - sq v to J and lightness, moderate price, and able defence had In London constant humidity of the climate of Great Britain. b 3 London only of the Patentees, 114, Regent-street. t i ttk iles.. tr ' T ' S TOOTH -BRUSHES. v t,itT e b e rat f ed Brnshes are well known b in m f o ‘ s , t e p r a k imts an o s f h t i h p e lk ui tt ie Z i , r l ti o ll r g th a 7 t i e r d w u e r m abi e l a itT andare madeeau beauty of every degree of . alk tk°l , r V : riet y of shape, to the extent of nearly 100 sorts, in k. the 4 3,nnaended by the principal dentists of . our day, and ,1;t:„..5r,00,.nal price of Is. each, or by post for thirteen stumps. e inch I ' a 'Dointed TORTOISHELL COMBS, the workman , itch rarely equalled. The new and fashionable Comb for 14 ,tiSt, th p 1. ,." 8 in great abundance. Tail and Dressing Combs, l't it s!ii . cot,j 6 nt Combs, carved, turned, and plain. The stock, th, nr, or extent ~, 1 . 48 )1i presumed to be the most complete la Best- , i n London.s Wt orTand Comb Mann.factory, 229, Strand, London, seven en tifie-bar. Established for Forty years. 16 1 1‘k• 1 1; ,S'S BEST SPERM OIL, 7s per Gal 00111,114kkti'lar, as. 3d.; Pal e Seal, 3s. Gd. ; Argand, or Vegetable. 4 4, 8 1„ . P; a4, Is. ; 'German, Is. 2d. ; line Wax, ls. sd. ; posit Transpa rent, Is. Bd. ; Best Wax, 2s. ; \ %AN. ''; a ka. and 10c t. ; Hale's best, 9y, d. ; Belmont W ax, 1 117, 1 14 42 8 d. ; Extra Wax-wix Molds,God.; Yellow ea , 18 43 , 1 i 4 48 s. per A 121b5.; Mottled, 60s. and G4s.; Wind ; Brown; Windsor, Is. 9d. ; Rosia,2s.; Almond, 111 k r •S'S 4s. per lb. 4 R114,„`;`• 1 Established Warehouse, 63, St. Martin's-lane, • 8 Coffee- bohise. k, t,„S S - --- 5% 1114 :4E 8 , p, DEMULCEN T COUGH LO - listh x " , best remedy ever discovered. Persons afflicted \ltita c ,„ n4, thfflisal ty of breathing, consumption, or other \ 1414ell er "_ment of the respiratory organs, will experience I o k , t 1 46., 4 nd de ri' , e permanent benefit, by the ass of \t ili S‹gy - , , r-NT C OZGII LOZENGES, which are so dries. s o Will tut sh oil the most violent paroxysm of cough ii, 4 t 44 4 a r r egilble ';o the palate that they 'May be eaten \‘t t4 h ,,..'1;„ ~ ‘ck - 7.3 g4 T e i,tc r .r, P , der Jones, operative chemist, 11, Norton- C I N 1 '1 4. 4 ' 11 1clu e d e e t C1 r, to n ir i t; y n, m in e l , ) , ( t :ox . ta l d. , , i an pa d th i n n t tins at kn,4, k ;V:rti and c( rsztry. 4i,:iiiel;lrdllarci :Iv and Son, Farringdon-street; Edwards, Ni` % AN ]) ViAN. c ,,, iv CO MFORT IN S H AVIN G.—B. VikSe h _v-kN'S 'lnvaluable CANTON STROP, or Quad 1i41,141itt.1, re t r•e'r-Shy rp.ener, patronised by his Royal Highness itiNtti v tlY 'l e 7 the operation of shaving pleasant to the most i tt * Ak tb.. 4 4.P 1 to t : r3 ' zi mple process, the keenest edge ma , y very to,z)4 zors e biu nticst razor. B. and S. Cowvan s.pecu kiti),..* exhi,, n e d 'Booth and Shaving-powder. Specimens \e hs f ti,„_ !At d a t the Royal Polytechnic Institution. t s t ((ikio,, t ,rng t( sat imonials received, the following, from Ik tu, h tl aVe ' ,.,; ll iiecin,, lifr. C. Aston Key, is selected i— kt)' it ' 4 411 -ad o ti iiil of your razor-strop, and find it to an -4% , ‘ittb i t 4 Y, strop. that I have hitherto used for giv l ing a NN . Hinny Pants for anatom , i , c c al t\ tik tielt 414 Y be T.S l4 TO su N rg K ic E a Y P ' ir- S 0 t 'lltr, ef Bee aat the inventors', R. and S. Cowvan, '6,1 14. 4 , 1 0 e pe rf n urn Whe re the strops, /cc., may_ b_e_obt a a n i d ne , d s , and 1 0ilo g ' 4 al t r e T -e s7; C.p & l c; :lste ri a ce t 1 5 s s ..a 6 p d a " clet . . 6d ' I , T . ..e Shay . ing . - k kl e l'r tigi tis.n Court Toothpowder at Is. Gd. and 11(k, are "nu' be exeept marked and spelt " B. and S. o - ------ %,04 i ,-, ad ch 1--sed to MR. GRIMSTONE II k (14 4 'S 1 'llo,,l'r rne,l-Nz CO ikiPARABLE EYE SNUFF. vt t, - ; . ile d iri ,-. whk ) by thy wondrous art, 4 t kist De's 4,TerY clime, through every part, l' 'tt.ti&Et's,,,:e a' Sri civilised domain; 0 . 1 1 ,h,„ 11 8 rr o „., a nti s millions, and again, k . h:Ts th e AL le's bread and scorching shores or des a ee Mlgli tv Niagara roars : 'a k teD t 'N th e e t rct thi i tributary lay, ,ti ' l l te„ grati; a' t ever well repay, /' n 'll f r , "dr o , s u jle sincere, profound, k 14.°14 th. 'et , slits Iso long have found. 4 : 44 ,h e a, rn - ou rn°,ll ( nt I WAS led to try 4 4 4 f t , with e ,, s ,,Stsi Tr the SAVIOUR OF THR EYE! IJ l4 '4 l ' l '4 th' . ",• COl rt,nfo ' now attend my day. 1/' 411 t ling 41a)iP's be' , • r'llt , ),41:, , t e'en +, xild ring dazzling blaze, i• I' , trie r d “Ie• S m's TOO burning rays. 0 11 11.,4 4 1, 44 1 a0t gee . a rs, fo r much employ, ,/ ilie th i, 1, 1115.4.,g not v, indeed, my joy, NACI4 I :4Is ti_ " el l , tk rives without alloy I V I: 4 4 %019'4W e J. J. At. S. , thitte,44l4 of trinil 3 of all, the Public Press ! eulogise I Vo tt 3. -th,r 4 ted x Iltitit h llerbs. The reader will reneem k\ VI, i tle ~,rou:e Ye m pt Sut Iff has been before the Public up t• 'I I Li t he „alu m ~ act va Icing in the favour of all who use ' 4 4l's e r - "?vo /1 0 1, a!) Id_ loose at 6d. per ounce, or in can's 't.,,l‘k.,ll. le h • ill:I I ., el ' i l e l i e I , , e ' ecs al l Authority, and the sanction of her tLatte r 4 ,.. t he t 3l f il itt f , 4 ,• U cTici c i in by ea a e l h l T ca ob n a i c s c t o er n ' is a ts t 8 1 ,1 1 . e ' rc I h s' an 3d ts " , I L W N to t te atT,l °4 i . ,1, exPo ' rted in white stone ' canisters to C", 41:11)4 11Si t , tit, ; o ther s 4 .. 'oral discount allowed to Merchants, I lit e r "rt_ IS Tka.hati t l re " 1 taking large quantities. \ 471,3,10,,,„ I L's six 2f 'She Inventor, W. GRIMSTONF, \ is. k ,;r 11l ItZP .e hiti 54 1 KING STREET, LONG ACRE ii ti„,,ts 1, %or /, 11 1 : 1 4 04, 4141• 41 , , ,.. - sko bje snug ?ha econists, Grocers, and others who in, 4 1.4, tt ~_nstv ,. . 1 '1) ose, and wish to have it . in large , '4 4 4 75 t G i qta rm — . o , 4ll lied with canisters containing ten NV Or m cu m ,_ for 3e , a 2s. 4d. canister will be 1 ' " An, included, and so on in like No. 16,683. LONDON, TUESDAY N .1 _ „ HIGHLAND SOCIETY OF LONDON. A GENERAL COURT of this CORPORATION, to celebrate the Anniversary of the Battle of Alexandria, will be held at the Freemason's Tavern, on SATURDAY, the 21st inst. Dinner at a quarter before Seven precisely. Ills Grace the Duke of BUCCLEUCIL K.G., President, in the Chair. MR. HUTT, M.P., AND THE COM MITTEE OF THE DURHAM- COUNTY AGRI CULTURAL PROTECTION SOCIETY. London, Feb. 25, 1546. Sir,—l regret that I have been prevented till to-day from acknowledging the receipt of your letter of last week, which contained a copy of the resolutions agreed to by the Committee of the County of Durham Agricul tural Protection Society, together with a request that I would express my opinions upon them. Those opinions I have now the honour of transmitting to you. I have only to add, that I trust the committee will not consider as discourteous the frankness with which I have expressed myself on the somewhat stout resolutions to which they have called my attention. 1 have the honour to be, Your very obedient Servant, WILLIAM HUTT. J. H. Forster, Esq., Honorary Secretary, &c. FIRST RESOLUTION.—" That this Committee views with inexpressible surprise and alarm the Commercial Policy of her Majesty's Government, as explained by Sir Robert Peel, believing it to be pregnant either with the destruction of British Agriculture, or with the reduction of the wages of all the labouring classes in this country to the level of those paid in Continental Europe, and in either case likely to produce an incalculable amount of individual misery and national degradation." The opinion expressed in this resolution, that the Commercial Measures of Sir Robert Peel will reduce the wages of labour in this country to the Continental level, is quite at variance with general experience. The laws which determine the wages of labourers appear, judging from what has recently passed in Parliament and ema ❑ated from the Protectionist press, to be very little understood. I can scarcely recal any subject of equal importance on which greater errors have so extensively prevailed. At such a political juncture as the present, this ignorance is the more to be lamented, because it affords to factious and prejudiced persons unusual oppor tunities of exciting and spreading very mischievous delu sions; and I am sure that no parties will view this un haupy circumstance with greater regret than the Com mittee of the County of Durham Agricultural Protec tion Society. As the subject of wages is really one of science, though too frequently' dealt with in the loose language of vulgar declamation, I will state what, in the opinion of all scientific writers and other high authorities, are the circumstances which regulate the rate of wages. It is found that the difference which exists in the rewards of labour in different countries is caused by the different degrees of skill and efficacy with which labour is there applied. In countries where a labourer performs a large quantity of work in a day, his daily , wages are high ; and in countries where, on the con trary, he executes only a small quantity of work in the same time, his wages are low. This may be made fully apparent to practical men, by contrasting the earnings of agricultural labourers in the North of England with the earnings of the same class of labourers in Ireland. The survivors of the officers of the army and navy, who served with the expedition to Egypt, under the late Sir Ralph Abercrombie, are invited to attend this commemoration, as the guests of the Society. Members of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland, and of the Branch Societies of Aberdeen, Madras, Bombay, &c., are ad misable at all the General Courts of the Society without introduction. Members who intend to be present are requested to give an early Intimation to the Honorary Secretary, in order that suitable arrange manta may be made for the dinner. 18, Parliament-street, GEORGE BAIN, Hon. Sec, N ATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY, 26, CORNHILL, LONDON. Capital A 500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament. This institution otters important Anti suestantial advan tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferrod Annuities. The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid, (see table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates. DIVISION OF PROFIT'L The success and increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a third Bonus, varying from 30 to 75 per cent. on the premiums paid on each Polley effected on the Profit scale. EXAMPLES. 7 .c. Premium. Bonus , g added. X I X a. d. 60 , 1000 74 3 4 1837 £l9l 13 5 1838 165 13 0 1839' 138 13 6 1840 89 0 0 Bongs in Cash. £B7 13 5 74 13 10 61 14 3 41 13 4 '0..,Y m • .s.— £l3 17 1 11 S 6 9 8 10 6 0 0 V & n ov 41 • 4" X 395 Il 1 846 43 296 13 4 247 4 6 Tho divialon of profita is annual, and the next will be made in De cember of the present year. F. FERGUSON CA.3fROUX. See. THE CAMPAIGN on the SUTLEJ creating immense interest at the present moment, there is exhibiting at the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION Portraits of the most Distinguished Men both in the SIKH ARMY and GOVERN MENT of LAHORE, taken by a lady of rank, distinguished in the Fine Arts, during her residence in India. By means of the OPAQUE MICROSCOPE these interesting Portraits are on a magnificent scale. Mornings, at Half-past Four o'clock ; Evgahtge at a Quarter to Ten. The LECTURES include those on ASTRONOMY, during Lent on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, COLEMAN'S WORK ING MODEL ascending and descending Inclined Planes, &c. &c. Admission, Is. ; Schools, Half-price. DRESSING CASES. FISHER, 188, Strand. A large STOCK of CASES, with new and improved morticed par titions, which cannot possibly break loose ; warranted to stand the tropical climate. A good dressing-case, either lady's or gentleman's, may be purchased from 3/. to 501. Also writing-desks, work-boxes, leather travelling desks, and dispatch boxes. S. F. has the best selection of the above in the trade ; also an assort ment of fancy articles too numerous to mention. Just published, post Svo., cloth, price 4s. THE NATURE AND THE OF DEAFNESS and DISEASES of the EAR. - By WILLIAM DUFTON, =surgeon to the Birmingham Institution for the relief of Deafness. " One of the best compendiums of aural medicine and surgery which has hitherto been published."—Lancet. " The best work on the subject."—Birmingham Gazette. London : John Churchill ; and all booksellers. Elegant Pocket Edition, price Is., by post is. 6(1. D R. CU LVER W ELL ON MARRIAGE, its lIINDRANCES and OBLIGATIONS. " To be or not to be, that is the question."—Shakspeare. Contents :--On Matrimonial Eligibility and Unfitness—Laws Paternity—Phenemena of Gestation—On Maternal Influence—Or nfelieitous and unproductive Unions—Curiosities of Medioal Experi ence, Cases, &c. &c. Also Companion to the same, price Is., by post Is. 6d. . . . . . CHASTITY ; its ABUSES and DISEASES (71 Engravings). These two interesting little volumes are not intended for idle or In discriminate perusal, but they are earnestly offered to the attentive consideration of those who may be more legitimately and perhaps painfully interested. Shen; - ood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street ; Mann, 39, Cornhill, and all booksellers, or direct from the Author, ..knindol-street. Strand. At home daily till 2 ; Evenings, 7 till FOURTEENTH EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Human Frailty, with Coloured Engravings. Jost published, price 2s. 64., free by post (in a sealed envelope) 3s. 6d., THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on the Infirmities of the System 11 both sexes ; and on the loss of the reproductive powers, with means of restoration. The banefia effects of indulge- ce, &c., are ttilly pointed out. Illustrated by Er.- gravings ; followed by observations on Marriage. By R. and L. PERRY and Co., Consulting Swoons, London. Published by the Authors, and may be had at their residence 19, BERNERi3-STREET, OXFORD-STREET. Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox ford-street; Gordon, 146, Lea4enhall-street ; Purkise, Compton street, Soho ; Sanger and Co., Oxford-strait ; and all Booksellers. "We regard the work before us, the Frined,' as a wore embracing most clear and practical views of a series of complaint, hitherto little understood, and passed ever by a majority of the me dical profession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We mint however confess that a perusal of this work has left such a faveurabl, Impression on our minds, that we net only recommend, but cordially wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffering from indis creti on, to profit by the advice contained in its pages."—Age and Argus. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is exclusively directed to the cure of nervous debility, irregularity, weakness, loss of ap petite, indigestion, eonsuniptive habits, and debilities arising from excess, &c. In bottles, price I ls., or the quantity of four in one bottle for 335., by which lie. are saved. The Ave-pound eases may be had as usual. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, a remedy for searching eat and purifying the blood from scurvy, blotches on the head, face, and body, ulcerations, and those painful affections arising from improper treatment or the eticcts of mercury, removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the skin. Price l Is. and 335. per bottle. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d., Ls. 6d., and 11s. per box, are the meat effectual remedy for strictures, inflam mation, &e., without hindrance to business. Consultation fee, if by letter, 11. Minute detail of cases neeossary. Messrs. R. and L. Perry and Co., surgeons, may Ise consulted, as usual, at 19, Rerners-street, Oxford-street, London, daily, and at 106, Duke-greet, Liverpool, every Thursday, Friday, and Saturday ; and at 10, St. John-street, Deansgate, Manche ;ter, on Mondays, Taesdays, and Wednesdays. LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERYOUSNESS, AND ALL DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c. " He, who in pleasure's downy arms Ne'er lost his health or youthful charms, A hero lives, and justly eftla Exclaim, in me behold a man 1" Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 2s 6d., or sent by pest, free, to any address, 3s. 6d., SELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on those concealed disorders, originating in youthful excesses and terminating in Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and all those Shakings, Anxieties, and Tremors, which afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. Witk Practical Observations on Marriage. By SAMUEL LAMERT, Censulting Surgeon, 9, BEDFORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate Apothecaries' Hall, London, Etc. " The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in. kerent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such, among others, this Essay addresses itself; and by its perusal many questions may be satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette. "Long experience in the treatment of a class of diseases hitherto neglected and most imperfectly understood by the great balk of the medical profession, has enabled the writer to prove that there are concealed causes of Nervous Debility in existence, where the mere routine practitioner would never dream of finding them ; traceable to certain habits, forming the most secret, yet deadly, and fatal springs of domestic misery, and premature mortality."—Wakefield Journal. Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 5l and 52, Paternoster-row; Starie, 23, Tichberne-street, Quadrant, Regent street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford-street; Noble, 114, Chancery ane Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers. At home every day till Three. and from Five till Eircht. PERFECT FREEDOM FROM COUGHS, IN TEN MINUTES AFTER USE, IS INSURED BY DR. LOCOCK'S PLTLMONIC WAFERS. From Mr. James Simpson, 82, Seymour-place, Bryanstone square. _ _ _ Dec. 23, 1845. In Ireland, twenty labourers are frequently occupied in cultivating 100 acres of land. In the county of Dur ham three labourers will raise from 100 acres a larger produce than twenty Irish labourers can derive from the same extent of land of equal or superior fertility. The consequence is, that the real wages of our agricultural labourers—(l mean by real wages the comforts and ne cessaries of life which their earnings will purchase)— exceed by three or four times the real wages of the Irish labourers. The rate of the wages of the labouring classes is therefore entirely a question of their power of production ; or, to repeat the terms I have before used, the real wages of labour, in every country, must depend on the efficacy with which that labour is applied. I think I could make this plain to any intelligent farmer who would favour me with his attention. I will state a practical ease; and, to render the subject as clear and distinct as possible, I will not speak of the farmer's outgoings and returns in money (which often leads to confusion in arguments of this nature), but, as it is often taken in Scotland, in a simpler form—in kind. We will suppose that the rate of farmering profit is 10 per cent. ; that the cultivator obtains from his farm an annual produce equal to 110 quarters of wheat ; and that his expenses, exclusive of wages, are equal to 60 quarters. It is evident that, under these circumstances, the real corn-wages of the labourers who raise the 110 quarters of wheat cannot exceed 50 quarters without a positive loss to the farmer —or, in more exact language, ,without diminishing his profit below the rate for which he will continue to farm. It is equally plain, that if, through increased skill and energy, the same number of labourers could raise 120 quarters instead of 110, their aggregate wages might rise to 60 quarters and that, should they raise less than 110 quarters, their wages mast fall below 50 quarters. It is a principle or law, established by the experience of mankind in all countries, that the point to which real wages rise is regulated by the quantity of work which the same number of hands can perform in the same space of time. " Gentlemen,—l have been afflicted for many years with a most severe cough (which was always said to be consumptive), and for which I never found a remedy until I used your wafers, which, from the benefit I kave received from them, I shall most strongly re commend to any one afticted as I was." DR. LOCOCK'S WAFERS give instant relief and a rapid sure of Asthma, Consumption, Coughs, and Colds. TO SINGERS AND PUBLIC SPEAKERS—in a few hours they remove all Hoarseness, and wonderfully increase the power and flexibility of the Voice. Price Is. 14c1., 2s. 9d., and lls. per box. Agents : Da Salva and Co., 1, Bride-lane, Fleet-street, London ; and sold by all medicine venders. LOSS OF THE GREAT LIVERPOOL STEAMER. —We are authorised to state that the Great Liverpool was insured to the extent of 30,0001. The Pacha steamer did not get aground on the bar of Oporto, as was stated in some of the newspapers. This re port no doubt originated in her having touched the South Cotchness shoal at the entrance of the Tagus (through the alleged incompetency of the pilot), but without sustaining anv injury. The General Steam Navigation Company's steam ship Soho, arrived early yesterday morning at the Black wall pier, after a fine passage of nineteen hours from Ant werp. The Trident steamer passed the pier immediately after from Edinburgh, which place she left on Saturday evening. THE REV. R. COBBOLD'S HISTORY OF MARGARET CATCLPOLE.—The adventures of the Suffolk peasant girl, Margaret Catchpole, have attracted so much attention, that after exhausting two large editions, the public demand for the work has called for a third, in which the original three volumes, without abridgement, have been compressed into one. Perhaps there never was a true story, the incidents of which so much exceeded in strangeness those commonly foand in imaginative narratives, as those in the history of Margaret Catchpole. In her extraordinary career figures the real heroine of the cottage, a very different being to the arti ficial specimen of perfection who takes so prominent a place in modern romances. _ _ CASE OF SUSPECTED MURDER.—For some weeks past the inhabitants of the parish of Tacolnestone have been In a state of much excitement, in consequence of a a - eport having been circulated relative to the death of a young woman, under twenty years of age, the wife of a man named George Mick' eburgh, a weaver, living in that parish. Since the death of the w.oman, which hap pened some few weeks ago, information was givrA, to the Hon. and Rev. It. Wilson, of Ashwelthorpe, one of the county magistrates, that It was strongly suspected that she had been pa'soned by her hus band. The magistrates, thinking that such a 'case ought to be thoroughly investigated, granted a warrant for the; apprehension of the husband, and he was remanded until the chiarge was inquired into. On Monday last Mr. Pilgrim, the county .coroner, attended, and a most respectable jury was empannelled trout the adjoining pa riAies. The jury met at the Earl Grey public-house, in Tacolnestone, The body was exhumed, and a post mortem exams nation was made by Mr. Barton, of Stratton. Several witnesses: were examined ; but it was found impossible to proceed further in the investiga tion until the contents of the stomach had been analysed. This, from the state of the body, was found to be a mattr.o of some littlo difficulty, and would occupy several days. The inquiry was, there fore, adjourned until Thursday. Mr. Barton declined to proceed any further in the examination of the body without the assistance of some skilffil surgeon and chemist. To this Mr. Witson, who attended the inquest, and who considered the charge one oi7 the greatest im portance, and required a strict investigation, con tented. Mr. Firth, of St. Martin's-at-Palace, assisted Mr. Barton in waalysing the con tents of the stomach. The Rev. W. Corbould, ;the rector of the parish, and several of the neighbouring gentry, wi ire in attendance daring the inquiry. On Thursday last the corocaar and jury again assembled, when Mr. Barton and Mr. Firth., who analysed the stomach, were: examined. They were clearly of 'opinion that the deceased died from fever, and not from the effects , of poison, and as the evidence given by the other witnesses would its St allow the j ury to come to any other couclasien, they gave their vet diet itecorclinlY• —iVartoich Mercury. Unless, then, the Commercial Measure of Sir Robert Peel shall have the power of diminishing the strength, the skill, the spirit, the perseverance, of the labouring classes of England, it is manifestly impossible that these measures should reduce the wages of the English la bourers to the Continental level. Poland, where the pea santry subsist on black bread, is, I think, the country commonly selected as an example to excite the fears of ignorant men on this subject. I believe that Sir Robert Peel's commercial policy has no more tendency to re duce English labourers to the Polish diet than it has to make them speak the Polish language. Equally impossible is it that these measures should be destructive to British agriculture. Granting, for the sake of argument, that the repeal of the corn-laws will lower the relative value of corn. it must at the same time raise the relative value of other products of agriculture. It is an important principle, and one established by careful ob servation and general experience, that a rise in the re lative value of corn (for the sake of clearness, I put aside the terms money and money value), is less beneficial to the farmer than a rise in the value of those products of his farm which are not, strictly speaking, necessaries of life, When corn is dear, a rise in the value of corn does not give the farmer any increase of profit upon that portion of his corn which he must give to maintain his labourers in health and strength ; while a rise in the value of those other products of the soil, which do not form the main subsistence of the labourers, yields upon all such productions increased profit to the farmer. This important law may be otherwise and more simply stated and developed. A rise in the value of corn increases the cost of producing corn, and therefore cannot give to the farmer an increase of profit propor tionate to the rise of value; while a rise in the value of those other commodities which do not constitute subsis tence, does not increase the cost of growing them, and therefore yields to the grower an increase of profit in full proportion to its rise. To explain my meaning with correctness, I have been compelled to use exact language; but this is not theory, it is experience—not inference, but fact. In the im mediate neighbourhood of all large towns, we observe that the cultivation of corn has diminished, and that the cultivation of other articles, not strictly necessaries of life, has increased. Why ? Because the latter cultiva• tion has been found to yield a higher profit than the former. _ _ tective duties upon those things which form a part of the labourers' subsistence, and the increased value of which increases the cost of production, or, in other words, diFuinishes the efficacy of industry. It is contrary to all science—contrary to all the ex perience on which alone true science is based—to say that Sir Robert Peel's measures for retaining duties upon luxuries, and abandoning them upon the necessa ries of life, are, in thi language of the resolution, " unjust and inequitablik" They are, as regards the whole of the producing clauses, just and equitable in the highe•t degree. THIRD RESOLUTION-.—" That it is unjust and in equitable, with a free trade in all the products of our soil, that the maintenance of the clergy of the Established Church, according to the principles of the Tithe Commutation Act, should fall entirely upon the land, and that merchants, manufacturers, commercial and monied classes of every descrip tion, whilst enjoying equally with the agricultural classes the benefit of religious instruction and con solation, should be entirely exempted from contri buting to its cost." The resolution betrays, permit me to say so, an utter ignorance both of the history of tithes and of the opera tion of the Tithe Commutation Act. The title of the tithe•owner is anterior to that of the landowner. A tenth of the produce of the soil was appropriated to the Church before the period to which any existing title to landed property can be traced in England. The owner of land has no better title to the tithe than the owner of tithe has to the land. The two properties are totally distinct and dissevered from each other. I assure you that it is a pure absurdity to call either a charge upon the other. It is true that when tithes were paid in kind they operated as a tax upon agricultural improvement, inas much as a farmer who raised an additional produce by incurring an additional outlay had to make an additional payment out of the fruits of industry : But, under the Tithe Commutation Act, no injury is inflicted. The farmer may now increase his capital to any amount he pleases or can command, and may double or treble his produce, without being called upon to pay an additional shilling on account of his tithe-rent charge. Under the old law, every acre of land (the tithe-free land of course excepted), and every pound sterling ex pended upon its cultivation, was subject to pay a tenth of the produce, either to the Church or to the lay-im propriator ; but every acre of land, and every portion of capital applied to it, was not subject to rent ; and for the plain reason, that the last quality of land resorted to, and the last portion of capital applied, yield nothing be yond the ordinary rate of profit upon the farmer's outlay, and afford nothing towards the rent of the farm. On the same principle, a fall i❑ the value of produce might, under the old law, have extinguished rent without extin guishing tithe. But in this case the landlord could never have had any reasouable cause of complaint, because the title to a tenth of the produce of land is prior to the title to the land itself. In like manner, under the new law, the tithe rent charge will be paid for qualities of land which, correctly speaking, pay no rent ; and a fall in the value of pro ree may extinguish rent, without diminishing the tithe nt charge to a greater extent than that in which the value of produce may have fallen. But the landlord cannot in this, any more than in the former case, justly complain of his property being unequally burdened. Tithe never formed any portion of his property. He inherited or he purchased his estate subject to a mort gage equivalent to a tenth of its produce. U n l ess th e estate should be capable of yielding something more than the amount of the tithe-mortgage, he can have no property in the soil. Under the new law, an extreme case may arise, which deserves consideration. Land thrown out of cultivation by a fall of prices, and yielding no produce, might still be subject to the tithe-rent charge. In this extreme case, however, the landlord is protected. H e i s not per sonally responible for the tithe-rent charge. The tithe owner may take possession of the land, b u t if i t y i e ld nothing he can get nothing. FOURTH RESOLUTION.—" That it is for the honour and common good of the nation at large, that the help less poor should be supported and protected from want; that the township roads and county bridges, and other county buildings, should be repaired a n d ma i n t a i ne d ; and that it is unjust and inequitable that the rich com mercial and monied classes, equally interested in these matters with the agricultural classes, should throw almost the entire weight of these burdens on the re venues of the land; that a merchant or manufacturer, possessing carriages for his pleasure and numerous waggons and teams of horses for his commerce, should only contribute a rate in proportion to the rent of the buildings he may happen to occupy, bearing scarcely any assignable proportion to his capital and profits, whilst a farmer is rated upon every acre he occupies, and thus in practice pays a rate bearing a large pro portion to the whole capital employed in his business." If taxation, local or general, press more heavily upon the owners and occupiers of land than upon other pro prietors or other producers. then the owners end ooeu piers of land are fully entitled to be relieved from their disproportionate burdens. Ther e is no do u bt o f it. B ut the relief to which they are entitled is not the mainte nance of a law injurious to all other classes of the com munity : it is an equalisation of taxation. FIFTH RESOLUTION.—" That this Committee re gards any step to be taken by the present Govern ment, and its usual supporters, in the House of Commons, towards giving this scheme the force of law, without an appeal to the sense of the people by a general election, to be an act of individual dis honour and treachery on their parts ; and that those gentlemen having been elected Members of Parlia ment under pledges to their supporters, expressed or implied, to maintain the principle of Protection to Native Industry against foreign competition, cannot, without shameless dishonesty and a gross breach of trust, make use of the pow e r s o gi v en to them in support of public measures in direct opposition to those in favour of which they so pledged them selves." The question involved in this resolution is one with which I am surprised that the County of Durham Agri cultural Protection Society should concern itself. It is a moral and political, not an industrial and commercial question. Instead of discussing it, I will, with your leave relate, an anecdote. Fifty substantial farmers of the county of Durham, panic-struck by the representations of their friends the protectionists, and believing that the repeal of the corn laws would be destructive to British agriculture, deter mined to try their fortunes in Australia. They engaged a first-class ship, paid down their passage-money, and sailed from the port of Newcastle under the guidance of a captain of high character, whom the owners had per mitted them to select, and who, with the concur rence of the owners, had entered into an engage ment not to put into any intermediate ports, but to sail direct to Sydney. For many weeks they scudded pleasantly before prosperous gales; but after they had performed about half the passage, their progress was re tarded by adverse winds and a heavy sea. The farmers became a little impatient at the delay, and inquired of the captain if he thought their voyage likely to be a long one. "Not very much longer," was his reply, "but I have a little altered our course, and have veered the ves sel round to run for the Cape of Good Hope." The Cape of Good Hope!" exclaimed the farmers: "your en gagement is to take us direct to New South Wales, and you shall not break your engagement by touching at South Africa." "It is very true, gentlemen farmers," replied the captain, " that I engaged to convey you direct to Sydney; and 1 freely admit that, had the circum stances under which I made that engagement remained the same, I should have been found to fulfil it. But new and unforeseen circumstances have arisen ; and I am compelled, under a far higher obligation than that which I owe to you, to alter the vessel's course." The indig nant farmers demanded an explanation, and were in formed that, during the heavy rolling of the ship, the water-casks bad been stove in, and that not more than a few days' supply for the crew and passengers had been saved. " But," exclaimed an influential farmer, " the cabin passengers have beer enough on board to last throughout the whole voyage ;—salt water and Cayenne pepper will do for the steerage passengers and crew ; indeed, it is a very wholesome beverage." "If the cabin passengers will drink the:salt water and Cayenne pepper, and give the beer t o the rest of the ship's a leading com pany,protec- I will steer direct for Sid ney , " said the captain. l the land as we ll as ! and nn shoutedd plough therefore can plough the deep as well as any sea man. You must either shape your course direct for Sy dne y , as you are p l edged to any tr e f s a pt roms passengertee r r o i u n s E p n r p l a ‘o ‘ n s I d a do, or else resign the command to me." "To you !" demurred the skipper : " the weather is unsettled— there are heavy gales and dangerous currents in these seas sunken rocks are under our lee. Destroy yourself, if you please ; but before you shall endanger the general safety, I'll see you in Davy's locker. I have a serious duty to perform to the crew and passengers committed to my care, and to the owners of this noble bark ; I will not desert my post at this hour of peril ; you shall not, Farmer Gammon, while I live, take my ship to brave the stormy spirit of the Cape.' " When the crew and people in the steerage heard the captain talk in this fashion, they cheered him loudly. They all sung out, 6 , B ravo , cap tain !" Then the cabin passengers began to reflect that, during that protracted voyage, the seamen and steerage passengers, if pressed by thirst, might possibly invade the beer-barrels, and leave the salt water and Cayenne pepper for their betters. They grumbled audibly, but they inwardly approved. Even Farmer Gammon began to suspect tint he was not trusted, By and bye, the ship anchored safely in Table Bay ; and all parties, when they found themselves with replenished water casks and with beer-barrels undisturbed, acknowledged that the captain had taken a right view of tl e matter, and had done his duty like a British seaman. It admits of practical demonstration, that after that destructive panic which the protectionists are labouring, in a spirit of infatuation, to create, and which I greatly fear cannot now be averted, shall have done its work, and subsided, the effect of Sir Robert Peel's commer cial measures will be to increase, by various means, and especially by those which I have pointed out, the value of land and of its produce throughout Great Britain. In noticing this resolution, I have confined my observations to the effects of Sir Robert Peel's Com mercial policy on the agricultural population of Great Britain ; but so far from coinciding with the County of Durham Agricultural Protection Society, and think ing that this policy is likely in any way to pro duce "an incalculable amount of individual misery and national degradation," I am convinced that a greater benefit to all classes of our industrious people— a greater security to our best institutions—and, if it of nations in all that regards the hi g hest interests of really conduce to our country's glory to lead the ma r c h mankind—a greater glory to the name of England than this policy will achieve, it will not be in the power of any future Government to devise. I shall always con sider it a most fortunate circumstance in my life that I have in any degree contributed to promote it. SECOND RESOLUTION.—" That it is unjust and inequitable to maintain, as a general rule, a pro tecting duty of ten per cent., ad valorem, in favour of manufactures, whilst corn, an article upon which a very large amount of manual labour has been ex pended, is to be entirely deprived of protection against foreign competition.' The answer which I have just given to the first reso lution is in a great measure applicable to this. Those manufactured articles which come under the description of necessaries, are cheaper in England than in other countries; and therefore, as far as they aro concerned, the protective duty of 10 per cent., if there be such duty applied to any of them, will be wholly inoperative. The protection afforded to other manufactured articles may no doubt increase their value to tho consumer, and in crease the profit of their producers; but it is otherwise with protection to corn; because every increase in the value of corn increases the cost of producing corn, and of everything else which is brought to market by la bourers subsisting upon corn, and must therefore, in its ultimate effects, reduce wages or profits, or both. I will explain this by recurring to my former example. I assume that, in the first instance, there is a free trade in corn, and that under this state of freedom a farmer obtains a return of 110 quarters, for an outlay of 50 quarters as wages, and 50 quarters for other expenses. His profits are now 10 per cent., and the aggregate wages of the labourers employed 50 quarters. Now let foreign corn be excluded by a pro- A NEW Darer IN AN OLD PHRASE.—In the recent tective duty, and let the consequent rise in the value of naval combats between the Watermen steam•boat people corn lead the farmer to grow it upon a soil yielding a re- and city authorities, a certain steam-tug was put in requi• turn of only 100 quarters, to an outlay, exclusive of sition for the purpose of democratising the watermen ; that "—Mephystophiles. wages, of 50 quarters—it is evident that the effect 0f,,. is to say, lueVag off their piers. From the belligerent na the protecting duty, in driving the growth of corn to,= tare cf.AarqsastapetleL,, is tug supposed w t a h s a h t i t n i g iia ton this inferior soil, must cause a serious reduction in theY' 6 tliagltW 4l 4l ; k ll6 " 4 "' " tug-of-war. states is n real wages of the labourer • because, were the farmers, , to continue to advance as before, 50 quarters to the la- tat 'GelieFal Felix grrundy APConnell, the renowned repre bourers he employed, he would obtain no profit at all. t e ntative in. Congress from the sev enth district of Alabama, G P t tair:olitti x !—A letter from Thus a reduction of the real wages of labour, or an hag t r iv es e o n ln it ti o o u n t s a f s or h itshseerious immediate "re-annexation" a t n o n m ex ov s e tio a , r, o ri f e; re o f' abandonment of profit, must always result frrm pro- land to the United States! Gooti—American Pap e r. n - /~ / ~! ~~0 0 Est ~-1 C/ \ `~~ ~~~'~ i~/(~ ~> j . , , A I # riM ..,,-.24-, • 4 , ;4%;i4t . ~,, ?;.......,,...._), ~ ~ 9 ' . ~ , , ,-.4•:' .v ::-- i IP' .... 4+ - V l '• l'ott.V.i t' ‘ - .„, N... , - A ~.', '' ----- 1, ---- l. • , '..••• 1 tAlli --' *._ "., * t ... c4st • 4 t. ..A. .. . a .' ' ,l'w ''.• h. ~ ••' i ~,, . '--- '• ' ~,,....+4q;) V 7 4% s 't. ' "i' ' ~, ~..A. ',, ~,,, 0 .4 .k .-4 -4` - ',., , 5, .., 4 . qi ., , ~A., .. 'IN 1 ~t „ l o w 't*fg t '' ..# ''' o, ' '' 4 ' V1'. 0„6, n 4 -, - A , ' 77 : 74 .!---. ?k *: _ -,.. ,- a I (t. 4 r ' 'x > ( 4 Ve 2 1 p -.':-. ,tv x- .), -4,404.::,\1. ‘, l li .....(.4 - " * '' ' --..., 'Atr,, ' ".-.... k .i."-- ..- 0 , 04(ir;.*------. • , .. '• 60... ' ~.R aI • ,\ ' " . 1.+4 , ,Z ) •' '2‘ '''' - „ ..;*,, : , .•,•,` .. ilr - ?____,,' ,--'" PRICE SD. --- t--e- -- , ---e--e./ 47 MARCH 10, 1846. ROYAL INSTITUTION. The announcement of a lecture by Professor Faraday, " On the Magnetic Condition of Matter," drew a most crowded and fashionable audience to this Institution last Thursday. Amongst the company present we observed the Marquis of Douro, Sir Edward Codrington, Sir James South, Professors Brande, Grove, Ansted, Dr. Alantell, Messrs. Pepys, Hunt, &c. We have on a former occasion, taken occasion to enunciate the general facts of this most recent and most important discovery of Dr. Faraday ; and in the present report we shall therefore confine ourselves to a brief outline of the beautifUlly conceived and brilliantly performed experi ments by which the Professor illustrated and exhibited the discovery. The instrument used was a very large horse-shoe electro-magnet—the power derived from the beautiful battery of Mr. Grove. The two poles were moreover fitted with two short bars of soft iron, termi nating at one end in cones, by which means the poles could be separated or made to approach, at the plea sure of the operator. The Professor first proved, that bodies termed magnetic, in the ordinary acceptation of the term, such as iron, mickel, cobalt, will, if freely suspended over the poles of the magnet, arrange themselves in an axpial position, or in the lines of magnetic force, and that moreover, if brought within the sphere of action of either pole, they will be attracted. Many other bodies, which hitherto have not been regarded as magnetic, and which, when subjected to the influence of ordinary static magnets appear to be unaffected, when brought into the sphere of action of this powerful magnet will imme diately take up this axial position. This fact was e a r l ! l b N a r o w o , f a n peroxide r aotf cla i s r s o n o , f l a ) o n d d i e a s I p i r tt o l v e ed ro b ll y of a p s a m p which have hitherto been deemed to be unaffected by the magnetic force, are found, in direct opposition to the former, to arrange themselves in an equitorial direction to the poles, or at right angles to the magnetic force, and are also repelled by either pole of the magnet. These Dr. Faraday has called dia,magnetics ; and„ here he took occasion to explain thai 'the term diamagnetic was first given to glass and other bodies, because they ap peared to allow the magnetic force to traverse or pass through them, and that the term had still been retained in connexion with their property of being repelled from either pole, and of arranging themselves at right angles to the lines of magnetic force. To illustrate this dia magnetic property, the professor first suspended a piece of heavy glass between the poles of the magnet, so as to swing freely. The instant that contact with the battery was made, the glass was repelled from the pole to which it was nearest, and arranged itself in an equitorial direction. A bar of bismuth, a small stick of phosphorus, and water, were also used as ex periments, and all under similar circumstances arranged themselves in an equatorial direction. To exhibit more clearly the repulsion from either pole of such bodies, a very beautiful and delicate experiment was had recourse to. To the end of a small rod, delicately balanced upon a steel point, a small bar of bismuth was attached, brought between the poles of the magnet and repulsed from either pole, as soon as the contact with the battery was made. The law in this respect is that all such bo dies are repelled from the stronger to the weaker places of action. This diamagnetic property is possessed by an immense variety of bodies, amongst which Dr. Faraday named such things as an apple, a bird, wood, leaves, frogs, biscuits, and even the human subject, were it possible to suspend him. A piece of wood and a slice of apple were experimented on, and in both cases the attempt was perfectly successful. Another curious ex periment was exhibited. If to the end of a piece of thread a small cube of copper, a diamagnetic, be at tached, it will, by the torsion of the string, spin round rapidly. But if it be placed between the poles of the magnet, it will, immediately upon con nexion being made with the battery, stop. To whatever class, whether to the magnetic or diamagnetic, a body belongs, its compounds also belong, and still further, even its salts belong. Thus, iron is magnetic; a solu tion of sulphate of iron is also magnetic. And here an other curious fact is elicited, namely, that by the action of magnetism upon solutions of the rarer metals, such as cerium, magntsium, &c., we can ascertain what is their magnetic condition. And further, by thus mag netising solutions, such for example as sulphate of iron, we get a liquid, transparent magnet, into which we can look. The last question to which the Professor adverted was, as to the effect of magnetism upon the air ; examined and tried in every way, rarified, condensed, or in its natural state, air appears to be utterly unaffected. The same law holds good with all vapours, but the moment they are reduced to a liquid or solid form they become either magaetic or diamagnetic. From this it would appear that air possessed neither property; but even this assertion cannot be confidently made; for, ac cording to the medium in which it is suspended, air be comes magnetic or diamagnetic. To illustrate this, the following curious experiment was shown ; a tube of air was first suspendel in water between the poles of the battery. Although the water is dia magnetic, the air became magnetic ; but t, hen suspended in a solution of sulphate of iron, of itself magnetic, it became unmagnetic. From all these experiments, Professor Faraday concluded that air held a sort of zero point, from which on the one side branched the magnetics, on the other the diamagnetics, and that magnetism influenced, in one or other of these ways, all bodies. He con cluded by observing that this was a field in which he believed much was yet to be done, and that this pro perty of diamagnetism, inherent in so many bodies— the sea, lakes, rivers, rocks, &c.—was not without its importance in the regulation of the system of the uni verse, although as yet we are ignorant of the part it plays. THE POLISH INSURRECTION. The subjoined extracts from the German and Paris papers furnish the latest intelligence respecting this unfortunate affair. The following is the official account furnished to the Austrian Government by the Military Governor of Tarnow, in Galicia : " TARNOW, FEB. 22.—The news of an approaching attack upon our town, and of a threatened revolution, having been widely ru moured, we closed ourselves up in our small fortress on the 17th, as if we had been in the midst of war, and on the 18th we received a small reinforcement of two squadrons of cavalry, sent us by the Com mander- in. Chief of our troops,whom the urgency of the circumstances induced to take the step. At length certain information was received that some events of importance were to take place in the course of the night of the 18th. We were informed that the first and prin cipal attack was to be made upon Tarnow, and that this was to be the central point of the general insurrection which was to break out throughout the country. We were told that the most ter rible destruction was to be our fate, that assassins were already posted by the side of every German and of every Pole who did not join in the revolution. It was by a blessing of Providence that we were made aware of the danger twenty-four hours before the revolt was to break out, and we gained at least the time to pre pare our feeble military forces, consisthig of two battalions of in fantry and three squadrons of cavalry. All the preparations on the part of the insurgents wore, as has since been proved, perfectly or ganised, and they had shown much judgment in the choice of their posts, their places of meeting, and attack. They were all provided with the most formidable arms. One only of the most unfortunate preparations for the great struggle was left to the last moment, and its success was made to depend on the success of the fanatics and the impression of the moment. In the night of the 18th to the 19th the communes were to be called upon to join in the movement, and they were to be forced into it by violence if they did not do so willingly. During the whole of the 18th deputations from the neigh bouring and distant communes, which the insurgents had already be gun to prepare for the carnage, arrived at the offices of the magistracy, and in the greatest terror announced the dreadful events with which we were threatened, and while they declared their attachment to the Government, and their aversion to the cause of the insurgents, that' asked what they were to do. The following answer was given to all :—" Join in no rising. It is treason against the State, and against the Emperor, whose subjects you are. Give me notice of what hap pens in your neighbourhood. It is your most sacred duty, and you will be recompensed for it. If attempts should be made to oblige you to join in treason by force of arms, you will here find a refuge, where you can rally and tight for the good cause. If arms should be given to you to fight against us, bring them here." In point of fact, several deputations had already brought in several functionaries, as persons who had attempted to make them join in the insurrection. At the time that these deputations were coming to us, and before many o; them had time to return to their homes, the carnage commenced in • great nMillaer'of villages. When the communes Assembled under the orders of their chiefs, and were armed with forks, pikes, cutlasses, and other instruments of carnage, secretly prepared by the insur gents, and were preparing to march upon Tarnow, they turned their arms against those who had given them, and now refused to follow the leaders. The consequence was a succession of bloody affairs at all the places of meeting. Whilst we passed the night of the 18th to the 19th in a state of distressing uncertainty (for although we were no longer alarmed that we should have the pee sentry against us, we could not place much dependence upon them, and we were threatened by the insurgents, who were superior in force to us), and disturbed by continual false alarms, we were greatly surprised by the arrival of peasants from the neighbourhood of the town, bringing a'ong with them, as prisoners, several gentlemen, inspectors, clergy.. men, and others, all of whom they placed in the hands of the autho rities, together with a large quantity of arms, which they had se:zed. The peasantry deserve well at our hands for this good work. The prisoners belonged principally to the high nobility, and a great num ber of the chiefe and of the inferior adherents were brought before us bound hand and foot, having been reduced into that state by their own adherents. The spectacle was a terrible one, but still more ter rible was the lesson which it gave, and which proves that treason carries along with it its own punishment, and that it is criminal to turn the people from the path of justice and to imbue them with com munism in place of morality and religion. The result was evident from the very commencement. We had only to tell the peasants who pre sented themselves with prisoners how far they were to go, to what point their efforts in tire cause were to extend, and where they were to stop. These advises, it is true, were well received, but already the outrageous fury which had taken possession of them proved to what point the artificial demoralization of the people had reached ; for from the moment when blood was spilt all their bad passions broke loose, and nothing could stop the torrent. Those who succeeded in escaping at the time of the first combats, began to take flight, but on all hands they met with bodies of insurgents who fell upon them "the moment they attempted to force a passage. All bonds were broken. The peasants soon constituted themselves judges and executioners, and, carried away by the excitement and fury, they regarded all pro prietors as joining in the insurrection, and as being, therefore, liable to their jurisdiction. Deprived of all means of putting a stop to this outbreak, for the proclamations issued for the purpose of re-calling the people to order made no impression --and it being impossible to sendtroops out of the town, because in a great part of the environs isolated bands of the insurgents were endeavouring to force the pas sages leading to the town, and which were defended by the pea santry—the adherents of the revolution in the city were only wait ing for an attack from without to raise the standard of rebellion, which they could Hot do till after the departure of the troops. The small body of troops could not, therefore, be diminished, for after all the city was the principal place to be defended, and its importance was felt so much by the insurgents, that all their efforts were directed to its capture. It is possible that many victims have fallen, of whom the law could not have got hold, and others who were entirely innocent; but this is the terrible result of the events which the senseless instigators of the revolt have brought about. The dreadful scenes which took place cannot be thought of without horror, for the number of dead already brought here amounts to 98. Our hospitals are filled, and the prisons, in which we have placed all the prisoners whom the peasants brought in alive, are filled to overflowing. It was not till yesterday that we were able to take steps to put an end to the ferocious proceedings and pillage of the peasantry. "We have received notice from Bochnia, that during the night before last the insurgents of the eastern circle of the Bothnia w ere about to march upon Tarnow. It appears, in net, that a movement has taken place in that quarter, for yesterday some peasants from Bochnia arrived here with prisoners, of whom many were wounded." The Frankfort Journal publishes the following letter, dated Podgorze, the 27th ult.:— " Yesterday, in the afternoon, Major-General Conn left Wadovicz, at the head of five companies of the regiment of infantry of Seinneh ling, a batallion of . the regiment of Furstenwariher, a squadron of light horse of the regiment of the Emperor Ferdinand, and half a battery of artillery. After sleeping at Isdebnik, he resumed his march on the next day, so as to arrive at Podgorze about six o'clock in the evening. The insurgents had posted themselves on the first floors of the houses and barracks, and opened a fire on the assailants. After a short resistance, however, they retreated across the bridge into Cracow, under a murderous fire of grape shot. An instant afterwards General Colin was attacked oil the opposite side by a band, which had sallied from Cracow in the direction of Wieliczk.a. The Austrians rnabod upon that band, killed sever-al, took eighty nine prisoners, and routed the remainder. The trocpa had only one killed, the sub-lieutenant Sabransky, of the regiment of Schmehling, and seven wounded. To-morrow we expect a battalion of the regi ment of Landwehr of iiohenegg, two other companies of Schmeh ling, and a second squadron of the light horso of the Emperor Ferdi nand. We have no accounts of the insurrection at Wieliczka ; we only know that Lieutenant-Colonel Benedekt, who placed himself at the head of the loyal peasantry, defeated with considerable loss a party of Cracovian insurgents who had advanced beyond that town." Letters from Berlin of the 3d instant state that General de Brandenbourg, the commandant of the Prussian troops in Silesia, has received orders not to attack the insurgents at Cracow, excepting in the event of the Austrian troops not succeeding in putting down the insurrection. " BRESLAU, MARCH I.—By the railway train from Upper Silesia, which arrived here yesterday, we have received accounts from Cra cow direct. The insurgents have demolished the house of the Rus sian chamberlain, de Poleel. Several men of rank, and, among others, Professor W—ski, left Cracow, under the pretext of serv ing the revolution in foreign countries, and have taken refuge in Prussia. The provisional Government has therefore determined not to allow any others to leave Cracow. The town is divided into eleven districts, administered by special commissioners. The new Govern ment has already struck off some coin, and issued paper money. It has carried away the rich treasures which were in the cathedral. General Rohi is in command of the troops on the frontier, and it is said that the insurgents have been already summoned to surrender. It is thought that the Prussian troops will act in conjunction with the troops of the othei protecting powers." Another letter of the same date says : " Since the residents of the protecting powers left the town and the territory of Cracow the place has been entirely in the hands of the insurgents. It is said that there has already been an engage ment at Gdow, in Callicia, between the insurgents and the Austrians, in which the latter were defeated. Some scenes of carnage took place at Cracow on the occasion of the insurrection. A commissary of police, employed to arrest a clergyman, was cut to pieces with scythes. The Prussian troops are posted along the frontier in the circles of Benthem and Pless. No magazines have been established, and the army is reduced to the resources of that poor and over-popn lated country. The number of Prussian trooi's in the district is about 5,000, but numerous reserves are collected here, which will be forwarded in case of need. Accounts from Upper Silesia state that the insurgents have set fire to the town of Nicola!, and that the do mains of the nobility have been everywhere pillaged and destroyed. The insurrection in that quarter is spreading rapidly. Count Potoki arrived here from Paris within the last few days. The head of the police refused to rise his passport, but he proceeded without one. He was, however, arrested atGlenitz. " - Letters from Upper Silesia, of the 28th of February, state that the Austrians have quitted Podgorze and retired to Wadowoze, fol lowed by the insurgents, who, it is said, have taken. Williezka, and have advanced as far as Guloff, within a league of Bothnia. General Collin was waiting for reinforcements. It is reported at Cracow that the Archduke Ferdinand did not feel himself in surety In Lembourg, and that the insurrection now extended to the frontiers of Russia." " Paris, March 7. " The insurrection which has broken out so generally and so un expectedly in the Polish provinces of Prussia, Russia, and Austria, has produced a sensation among the Polish refugees In France which is difficult to describe. The provisional Government at Cracow has sent word to the Polish deputation in Paris, which c?nstBeilsfmeorferem gee delegates from all the provinces, ly as its representative, and that it is ready to g ive u p that it considersth@ ma its nagement of affairs to it, as soon as called upon to do so. The Polish refu g ees in consequently t a king effectual steps to aid theircountrynien. Paris are for among rGeri h Germany, are o ne s d,Lpo o s f sib th le e , to Several make havetheir a w l already into Poland, Proiaa,riids, and general officers who distinguished themselves most during the former insurrection. " Tunas o'CLocx.—A meeting of the members of the Polish ty of May 3, of which Prince Czartoryski is presid en t , was h e ld to o - c dayatthellotel Lambert, the Prince's residence. The Prince is considered by a large portion of the Polish nation as King of Poland. The Society consists entirely of refu gees , an d has upwars of 1,000 subscribed members. Three hundred attended the meeting. They declared to the Prince that they were ready to serve under his orders, and to recognise his authority as king, but that in the present cir cumstances they thought it best not to raise that question, but to take means for uniting in their exertions in the cause of their coun try. The Prince replied that he had never had any pretensions to the throne of Poland." THE LATE BRUTAL TREATMENT OF A POLICEMAN AT DEPTFORD.—leste e d a y afternoon a very lengthened inquiry took Hastie, police-constable 334 It, who w as crue ll y the death of James place before Mr. Payne , t he City coroner, at Guy's Hospital, touching maltreated by several persons on the morning of Saturday, the 21st ult., near the Rodney pu blic-house, ad j acent to the gate of the Dept ford dockyard. Four men have been taken into custody for the of fence, and have undergone an examination at Greenwich Police-court, but stand remanded for a fortnight, the particulars of which we pub lished at the time. The same witnesses were examined before the coroner, and nothing fresh was adduced, except the evidence of the sur geon who attended the deceased, and made a post znoKeni examination. The evidence was as follows :—My name is Frederick Collings, and I am dresser to Mr. Cooper. Early on the morning of Saturday, the 21st ult., the deceased, James nestle, was brought into the hospital in a state of collapse, arising from lacerated wound 9 on the face and forehead. There was a severe cut over the right brow, and a compound fracture of the skull. I moved a piece e t ' the bone of the nose, which was torn away. The left eye was drawn into the wound. There was a severe wound on the right side of the face, supposed to bo incised. The teeth were loosened, and several were knocked out. The compound fracture was near the right eye, which was entirely smashed. Ile went on favourably for a day or two, when he was seized with epileptic fits which brought on vomiting. Medicine was prescribed for him, but hemorrhage ensued in the wound, and be never rallied after, but died about half-past 4 o'clock on Saturday morning last, I have since made a post mortem examination, and found the frontal bone fractured, a triangular piece extending an inch across the forehead. The skull was much depressed, as also was the surf.:ce of the brain ; under the former a quantity of blood was discovered, which was evidently produced by the fracture. Death was caused by the frac ture of the apex of the skull. There was also a laceration of the membrane of the brain, which would cause death. He (the deceased) was partially sensible up to Friday, but not long together, as he fre quently had fits. I considered that he was not fit to undergo an examination last Wednesday, when Mr. Cottingham attended, aor had he been since. The Inquiry had then lasted six hours, when the Coroner informed the jury that the police wished an adjournment, to give them time to make ihrther inquiries ; he should, therefore, ad journ until Monday, the 23d instant. HIGHWAY ROBBERY.—On Saturday evening, about half-past seven o'clock, as Mr. Giles Hall, of Corston, was on the road between Keynsham station and Bridge House public-house, on the Gloucester hill, he waa met by a man dressed in a smock frock who knocked him dow,n with an iron bar. On his getting up two other ruffians .came to the spot, and again threw him down. They then rifled his pockets, and took from him a pinchbeck watch , a g o l d key, and a metal seal, inscribed " Peter Dirkoven." They also 1 rob bed him of a bag containing 15v. Mr. Hall is considerablyadvance d in years, and the age of the sufferer renders tire ofioe tl i enre unmanly. In their hurry to escape the thieves left behin d them the iron bar, which proved to be a formidable inst rument, sharpened at the end.—Bath Gazette. as —We learn that the American Government h ave accepted a contract for the A MER I C AN ATLANTIC MAIL S TEAME RS — We conveyance of the American mails o ver the Atlantic. Six large and powerful steamers, it is stated , are to be p rovid e d, and the p orts of departure aro to lie Liverpool and .NOW Xerk.—Ltrfrpoolll.loo/t. CLEANSING THE STREETS. We have been favoured with a copy of the following interesting testimonial to the Philanthropic Association, which has for the last three months been giving employ ment, chiefly at their own expense, to ninety distressed but deserving poor persons, in the better cleansing of the streets of London ; and we have much pleasure in giving it insertion in our columns. There can be little doubt in the minds of persons who have had opportunities of judging of the character of the poorer classes, that they are deeply impressed with feelings of gratitude towards those who sympathise with their wants and treat them with kindness, and we think the pre sent testimonial is a strong proof in support of this opi nion.. We had the satisfaction of inserting, in extenso, the valuable report of the association to the Commis sioners of Sewers in our paper of the 2d of February last, in which was most satisfactorily proved that it would be to the interest of the community at large that the system of improved street cleansing recommended should be uni versally adopted throughout the country. A good ex ample set in the city of London would be the surest means of leading to this result ; and we trust that, taking into consideration the thousands of poor who would in consequence be furnished with profitable employment, the Commissioners will not long delay in giving the ex ample required : " To Charles Cochrane, Esq., President, and the Noble men and Gentlemen composing the Association for the promotion of improved Street Cleansing, &c. " The humble memorial of the superintendents, fore men, and men employed under the Association in the city of London. " That your servants on the termination of their la bours, fully sensible of your philantropic and highly be nevolent endeavours to establish a great public benefit, and a means of affording support to so many thousands of suffering poor, beg leave most respectfully to express the deep sense of gratitude we and our families owe for what we have received at your hands ; and but for which we would, in all probability, from the absence of independendent labour, have been compelled to seek parochial relief. " Permit us to express our regret that your efforts have not at once received universal support ; but we are con vinced that in a very few days the changed appearance of the leading thoroughfares of this great city, from the absence of your operations, will, more than our labours have done, demonstrate the - excellence of your system, and call for its general adoption. " In conclusion, we retire from our labours, testifying our heartfelt and grateful thanks for all your goodness, by subscribing our respective signatures and marks hereto. " J. ETTERSHANK, Chief Superintendent, " And ninety five other persons employed." EXTENSIVE ROBBERY ON THE EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY.—The officers employed on the Rastern Counties Railway, -assisted by an active member of the metropolitan detective force, have been engaged for some days in en deavouring to trace out a robbery committed on that line. In the course of last week a case containing watches, amount ing in value to more than 2001., was received from a whole sale watch manufacturer in 'Hatton-garden, to be forwarded to a watchmaker at Yarmouth. The box in its transit dis appeared in a very mysterious manner, and of course did not reach the party to whom it had been directed. Much mys tery seems to be attached to the case, and up to the present time no clue had been discovered to the guilty parties. There is very little doubt, however, from the tact and intelligence of the officer engaged, that the thief will era long be in the hands of justice. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—The arrival of the Teviot steamer at Southampton, from the West Indies, and of the Pacha steamer, with the Peninsular mail, was announced at Lloyd's on Saturday afternoon, at about one o'clock; and the loss of the Great Liverpool, from Alexandria, at about two o'clock, by means of the electric telegraph. THE SECRET OF WARM FEET.—Many of the colds which people arc said to catch commence at the feet. To keep those extremities constantly warm, therefore, is to effect an assurance against the almost interminable list of disorders which spring out of a "slight cold;" and at the risk of being thought trifling, and of telling people what they know already, we beg to remind them of the following simple rules : —First, never be tightly shod. Boots or shoes, when they fit closely, press against the veins of the foot, and prevent the free circulation of the blood. When, on the contrary, they do not embrace the feet too tightly, the blood gets fair play, and the spaces left between the leather and the stocking are filled with a comfortable supply of warm air. Those who have handsome feet will perhaps be slow to adopt this dictum ; but they are urgently recommended to sacrifice a little neatness to a great deal of comfort and safety, by wearing what the makers call easy shoes. The second rule is— Never sit in damp shoes. It is often imagined that, unless they be positively wet, it is not necessary to change them when the feet are at rest. This is a fallacy ; for when the least dampness is absorbed into the sole, it is attracted further to the foot itself by its own heat, and thus perspiration is dangerously checked. Any person may prove this by trying the experiment of neglecting the rule : and his feet will feel cold and damp after a few minutes ; although, on taking off the shoe and examining it, it will appear to be perfeetly dry. Did every one fellow these rules, there would be no more cold feet. 1 NAVAL INTELLI SHEERNESS, MARCH 9.—The Brilliant, 20, was commis sioned on Thursday afternoon by Captain Watson, who has since left for town. The Brilliant was a 38-gun frigate, but now cut down, has a spar deck, and will mount from 20 to 24 guns of large calibre. The Havannah, 20, another razee, is preparing for commis sion in the basin. The alterations of her stern are nearly completed, and in the course of another fortnight she will be ready for commission. The Snake, 16, Commander Thomas B. Brown, was towed to the Nore on Th urs d a y, w h ere s h e took her powder on board, and having undergone the usual inspection by the Commander-in -Chief, sailed on Friday afternoon for Spit head, where she is to be paid advance wages, and receive her final orders. The Electra, 18, Commander W. 11. Maitland, was dis charged from the basin on Thursday, towed to the Yore on Saturday, and mustered and inspected by the Commander in-Chief to- day. She sails for Spithead. Mr. Woodyer, the master, who had his leg so seriously injured on the 24th ult., underwent the operation of amputation of it at Chatham Hospital yesterday, which he is stated to have borne well. Mr. Saunders is appointed to supersede him in the Electra, who, with Mr. Cooke, the first lieutenant, joined last week. The Speedwell, tender to the Blazer, steam-surveying ves sel, has arrived from Harwich to refit, and has been hauled into the North Camber for that purpose. The Lightning steamer, Master Commander Petley, arrived from Woolwich, on Friday, with Mr. Taylor, master of the Ocean, and the party of men from the ordinary, who navi gated the Fury steam frigate to Liverpool. They came by railway to London. The Tartarus, steam-surveying vessel, Captain J. Wolfe, having completed her refit, sailed on Saturday to resume her surveying operations on the coast of Ireland. The Cornwall and Conquestador, 50-gun frigates, progress rapidly with their fittings for commission, and the ship wrights are very busy with their new masts, one or two of the old ones having been found rotten. The Cornwall is under the painters' hands, and the caulkers will complete their operations on the Conquestador this day. The Wor cester and Chichester, new 50-gun frigates, are also to be brought forward; one of them is to be taken in hand this week. They are mere shells at present, and will require some time to be got ready. There is some rumour of the London, 90, being about to be commissioned by Captain W. F. Martin, and of another line of-battle ship being about to be brought forward to exercise the crew of the Trafalgar in fitting out, but no orders aro down to that effect. The Birkenhead, iron steam-frigate, recently launched from Mr. Laird's building-yard, at. Birkenhead, is ordered round here to be fitted for sea. She is the largest iron steamer in the British navy; her engines being collectively of 560- horse power, and her tonnage, carpenter's measurement, 1,400 tons. SERIOUS CHARGE OF FELONY. • of thi som M e ongatinag terhar sa e ctio o i f is, a :arrier . rr t br iatilre the benC:ha'orif*lCllgantoetrtt bury magistrates. Such was the interest attached to the proceed ings, and the respectable position of the parties concerned, that there were no fewer than ten magistrates present, the Mayor presiding ; and a crowded hall. The defendants were—" Captain" Reynolds ; Mr. Hunt, surgeon ; and Cornelius Saix, a Frenchman and " poet :" and complainant, Joseph Hogg, said to be a relative of Mr. Hogg, M.P. Complainant, it appeared, left the house of a friend the pre vious Monday with a large sum of money and a 1001. bank receipt. After playing with the defendants all night at billiards, the party ad journed to the Fleur-de-Lis, where they continued at cards through out the following day. Complainant lost " everything" as he said, and after being rid of all his cash, 1201., obtained advances of Reynolds upon a hundred pound bank receipt, which eventually became impounded for about GM or 701. Complainant went out and got a cheque for 1001. cashed at the bank, and bade the authorities there not to cash a 1001. bank receipt, which he had passed under peculiar circumstances. He returned to the card table, and at "unlimited l oo " was cased of 551. of his last 1001. He placed the remaining 451. in an outer pocket, and threw up the cards. Reynolds went out, and on his return abused the complainant very much for having stopped the payment of the receipt given him. A quarrel ensued, complainant was pushed about, and in two or three minutes afterwards he discovered that the 451. was gone. He accused the party of having robbed him, and threatened to send for a policeman ; upon which Reynolds said, " He would knock his head off if he made any noise ;" and locking the door, refused to allow his depar ture. The waiter was called, but he refused to go for a policeman. Search was made about the room, but no money was found. The waiter stated that Reynolds was the first to talk about a policeman being obtained, because the complainant had stated he had been robbed. The complainant underwent a rigid cross- examination, but the ma terial point of his supposition as to having been robbed in the pre sence of the three defendants remained unshaken. They elicited, however, that the complaioautjhad offered to compromise the affair if he could get 100/. In defence their solicitor, remarked upon the ex traordinary and serious nature of the charge, and that by season of • all the parties who were present being inculpated in the charge they were unable to produce such testimony as they otherwise would have done, to show that all the money had of complainant had been fairly won ; and the only ground they proposed to take was to give evidence to shake the complainant's credibility, to which the solicitor for the prosecution okjeeted, and the Bench after a lengthened private consultation, decided that it was inadmissible. Such being the case, there was no absolute defence to the charge, and the three defendants were committed for trial for felony, bail being allowed for their appearance. Hunt and Reynolds imme diately put in their bail, but Mr. Saix being comparatively a stranger here, he stated he must seek his friends in town. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. MANC RESTER, MARCH 9. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are —Ambergate, Nottingham ' Bor• ton, and Eastern Junction, % dis.—Birken.kead, Lancashire, and Cheshire, 2% p.—lludderseld and Manchester Railway and Canal Extension, 14 dis.—Lancashire and North Yorkshire, 9-16:dis. —Liver peol, Ormskirk, and Preston, 1% p.—London and Manchester (Rem.), 1 15. 16 dis.—Lynn and Ely, par—Manchester and Birming ham, Quart9rs (C), 6 3-16 p.—North Staffordshire, 3% p.—Preston and `Pyre Extension, dis.—South Eastern and Dover, Halves, !, 4 p. GENCE. LEEDS, MA du 9. STOCK EXCIIANGE.—The sales are—London and Croydon, 21— Manchester and Leeds Extensions, 2% p.—Sheffield and Manches ter Quarter Shares, N0.:3, 536 —East Lancashire, No. 2 (late Accring ton), 3 p.—Leeds and Bradford, 4634 cash—North British, New Car lisle Branch, 2—London and York, 31. 4s.—Direct Northern, 1% West Riding Union, 3%—Birkenhead, Chester, Mold, &c., 27s 6d. dis.—Bradford, Wakefield, and Midland, 235. dis.—East and West Yorkshire, 7s. 6d. dis.—Grand Union, 7s. (d. dis.—Lancashire, Yorkshire, and North Eastern, 16s. dis.—Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland, 11s. 6d. dis.—Leicester and Bedford, 6s. 6d. dis.—Man cheater, Buxton, Matlock, and Midland, 30s. p.—North Stafford shire, 3 p. —North Western, 13s. p.—Welsh Midlands, 225. p. SHEFFIELD, Melton 9. STOCK Excrwroz.—The sales are—Grimsby and Sheffield Quar ter Shares, 1/. 9s.—Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland, 1/. 12s.—Man cheater, Midland, and Great Grimsby, 134—South Yorkshire Coal Railway, I%—West Riding Union, 334 . HULL, klicu 9. &roc& EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Armagh, Coleraine, and Port rush, 155.—Blackburn, Darwen, and Bolton, New, Is. Gd. p.—Derby, Gainsbarough, and Grimsby, 13s. Gd.—Hull and Barnsley 'Junction, 255. 6a.—Leicester and Tamworth, 15s. dis.—Lincoln and Wainfleet, 35s.—North Wales, 2. YORK, MAxcu 9. roc EXCHANIIIE.—The sales are—Direct Northern, 2—Grand Union, I—London and York, 3W—Manchester, Buxton, Matlock. and Midland, 31. 13s.—Newcastle and Berwick, 1914—Newcastle and Darlington, 43%—North British, Carlisle Extension, York and North Midland Extension, 31 —Ditto New (East and West Riding), 9%. EDINBURGH, Marten 6. STOCK EXCLIANGE.-The sales are-Aberdeen, 91. 10s.--lberdeen Banff, and Elgin, 11. 145.-Airdrie and Bathgate, 21. 35.-Arbroath and Forfar, 281. 10s.-Ditto, Half Shares, 161.-Armagh and Port rush, 11. 2s. 6d.-Ayr and Dumfries, 21. Os. -Ayr and Galloway, 1/. 17s. 6d.-Ayrshire and Bridge of Weir, W.-Banffshire, I/. 55.- Belfast and County Down, 21.-British and Irish Union, 21. I Is. 6d. -Caledonian, 131.55. ex new-Ditto, New, 31. 55.-Caledonian Ex tension, 21. 45.-Caledonian and Dumbarton, 21.85. 6d.-Caledonian and Northern Direct, 2/. la.-Carnwath and West Linton, U. Is. 6d. -Chelmsford and Bury, 11.-Clydesdale Junction, 191.-Cornwall and Devon Central, 11. lbs.-Deeside Railway, 4/. 108.-Direct Northern, 2/. 55.-Dublin and Enniskillen, 41. 7s. 6d.-Dundee and Arbroath, 391.-Ditte, New, 22/.-Dandee ant Forfar Junction, IL 165.-Dundee and Ferth, 141.-Ditto, Kinross Extension, 2/. 7s. 6d.-Eastern Counties Extension, 1/. 18s.-East Indian Railway, I°s. 6d.-East of Fife, 11. 195.-East Lothian Central and T,yne Valley Junction, It. 135.-Edinburgh and Bathgate, W.-Edinburgh and Glasgow, 741.-Ditto, Half Shares, 151.-Ditto, Quarters, 181.- Ditto, ditto, New, 161. 55.-Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dumbarton. 16s. 6d.-Edinburgh and Leith Atmospheric, U. 65.-Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton, 191.-Ditto, Preference, 201. 155.-Edin burgh and Northern, 51. 55.-Ditte, Newport, It: Os. 6d.-Ditto, Lochgelly, 11. ss. 6d.-Edinburgh and Peebles, 11. 125.-Edinburgh and Perth, 31.- Edinburgh, Portobello, and 31usselburgh, it. 135.- Forth and Clyde Junction, 11. 17s. 6d.-Glasgow and Ayrshire, 731. -Ditto, New Stock, 25/. 10s.-Ditto, Quarter Shares, 181. 53.- Glasgow Belfast Union, 11. 175.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 21.-Glasgow and Dundee Junction, 1/. 155.-Glasgow and Gam kirk, 421.-Glasgow and Greenock, 191. 108.-Ditto, New Stock, 101.-Ditto, Preference, 11. 155.-Glasgow Harbour Grand Junction, 1/. 18s.- Glasgow Harbour Mineral, 21.-Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Arirossan, 2/. 1 ls.-Glasgow, Strathaven, and Lesmahagow, 2/. 6s. -Grantou Junction, 11. M.-Great County Down, 1/. 155.- Great North of Scotland, 21. 155.-Great North and South Wales, Bs.-Inverness and Elgin, 11. ls.-Lanark and Lothians, 21. 2s. 6d.- Lame, Belfast, and Ballymena, 11. 12s. 6d.-London and Houn slow, 11.-London and Manchester (Rastrick), 31. 10s.-London and Manchester (Rem.), 1/. 2s. 6d.-Loudon and Windsor, 1/. 2s. 6d.- London and York, 155.-Madras, Nellore, and Arcot, 35.-Midland and Eastern Counties, 11.85.-Morayshire, 21.--Newcastle and Ber wick, 211.-Newry and Londonderry, 11. 175.-North British, 261. 108.-Ditto, -DEititott, Extension to D Halves, 9/sileith, 6 s.-Ditto,..NE-xterrth WalesionteC Mineral,arlislei2 1 .105.- DNew, 31. 10s.-Perth and Crieff Direct, It. 1128.-Perth rand Inverness, 1/. Ils.-Scottish Central, 141. 12s. 6d.-Ditto, New, 81. 155.- u ti t s l h iern Gr , al l l / d . Junction, . • an j d u , n s c l t . i° l ° Os ' 105.. - Scottish 8s. -Shrewsbury and Hereford, 165.-Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Scottish Central and C u al is e h do xi ni i a d i l l Lester, 41. 1.55.-Ditto, New, It. 48.-South Midland, Cl. 19s. 6d. , - Stirling and Dunfermline, 11. 19s. 6d.-Stirling and Midland, 21. 46.- Strathern Junction, 2/. 10s.-Surrey Grand Junction, 9s. 6d.-Teas and Dove 'Valley, 18s.-IVishaw and Coltness, 501. 10s. THE FAMILY OF THE LATE GALLANT GENERAL NOTT. —We have great pleasure in recording that the Hon. the Court of Directors of the East India Company have announced their intention to grant an allowance of 1001. per annum to Master Charles Nott , until ho attains the age of eighteen years, it being understood to be for the purpose of his education.—Carmarthen Journal. AN INCIDENT AT MOODKEE.--We have been fa voured by au excellent authority with the following account of the death of Father Francis, a Catholic priest, at the battle of Moodkee. The event is the same alluded to by our Contemporary the English man, in its number of the Bth instant :—" We have received the sad intelligence of the death of the Rev. Father Francis of St. Etienne, which most melancholy event took place on the 18th of December last at Moodkee, during the first engagement of the British with the Seikh army. He was seen, just before the action commenced, en deavouring to animate the soldiers, and exhorting them to place their confidence in the Lord God of Hosts. When the tremendous artillery of the enemy began to fire, he went to attend her Majesty's 50th Regiment into battle. Catholics as well as Protestants were anxious that he should not expose his valuable life to risk, but the love of his fellow -creatures and the holy ardour of his divine mission were para mount over every other feeling ; and in the fond hope that he might assist the wounded and soothe the last moments of some expiring sinner, he lost sight of his own safety, and, alas ! he fell a victim to his noble sense of philanthropy. Two days alter the action his life less corpse was found amongst the heaps of the killed, dreadfully mutilated by several wounds inflicted on his head and neck with a sword. It is necessary to say, that when lately he left Loodianali, Government refused him every comfort, and that in consequence he was obliged to hire two camels for his service at his own expense. The same happened to h!m when he accomranied the army from Caubul, and when he attended the battle of Maharajpore. The Irish Catholics and many Protestant friends will lament the loss of such a. zealous missionary, and will always recollect his wonderflil exertions during the cholera In the hospitals of Kurnaul, Agra, and Meerut. We hear that Bishop Borghi has directed two of his clergymen to join the :army of the Sutlej as soon as possible."—Agra Ukbar. Jan. 15. ACCIDENT AT BIRMINGHAM.—On Sunday morning considerable excitement was created in Broad-street, by the giving way of the floor of the Scotch Church during the time of Divine service. It appears that the congregation, consisting of between 200 and 300 persons, assembled about eleven o'clock, and imme diately after service was commenced by the Rev. Peter Sihree, In dependent minister. The Rev. Gentleman had just finished the 'lest hymn, and was rising in prayer previous to reading the Scriptures, when a loud crash was heard at the upper part of the chapel, awl was immediately followed by loud screams. which threw the entire congregation into a state of perturbation. The utmost ala rm ensue! . and it was presently perceived that the floor was giving way' some places had sunk several inches. A rush to wards the door at ni' awl'three the sides of the building ensued, and the InTohstesenrr.eis3airppsrehensiona were entertained the the consequences. ex horted the children, who were screaming in terror, to be quiet; while Dr. Mackay, M.D., very fortunately succeeded in the body 01 l a n t g U t i h e ci ll r oo fe r a hl it O a t t! t ru h r e th el e . gone down very far, although the joists had given way from rotten rapeealanhilinkacetipoi7antdheinruirpylf, gituivie•tasaflo'dmaidllatlyi many feet. The preacher dismissed the con. might have descended Hess, and the •oundation altogether was so bad that the congregation g regation, and fortunately without any persons having received any further injury than that occasioned by:the fright. THE TIMBER TRADE.—A report having existed that her Majesty's Ministers were prepared, should such a step appear universally desired by the timber trade, to propose the immediate reduction of 10s. a load on foreign timber, instead of a gradual reduc tion to be made in 1847 and 1848, the merchants and others interested in the trade have been placed in some degree of suspense, as the can. g h g as en , generally umg out of such a proposition, so far A fro p m etit b i e o l i i: was deprecated with few exceptions. consequently, deiiili' been forwarded from Hull, signed by a great portion of the ti mercluants and ship-owners, in favour of • a gradual rather than t t immediate reduction in the duty ; and the 1.11 pe 1 otters have been in formed, in reply, that " It is the intention of her Majesty's Ministers to adhere to the proposal which they have submitted to Parlia ment in respect to the gradual reduction of the duties on foreign timber." Lord Ashley is spoken of as likely to be a candidate for the representation of Salisbury at the next vacancy.—.Bal4 .kurnal. rob. 27. .1•1 .5° RESSED AIR ENGINE COMPANY. N 0.., Pall-mall, East. e arsey, Patentee), clo se 2,11. %Won of the working model at No. 5, Pall-mall, East, will selloyZ,,alurday, the 21st March instant, before which day appli- Itiin*l'gor glares should be m a d e . Cotn„Atn us In quiries having been made by applicants for shares in 4tt Y, rs to the extent of their liability, the Directors feel litunber - Cm _ er of shares alre a dy t a k en j us tifies them in stating call beyond the deposit of one guinea per share will By order, D. E. AUSTIN, Secretary. AZ ELC,C3SI VIT . Le Gi LA/ LAI 1 1liam Nicholson, Secretary, 149, Drury -lane. b et „o r t e ß MY OF THE SUTLEJ, and the 4 41 ,-q zkv , IPATED CAMPAIGN in the PUNJAUB, OF otr,_,ALLED to JOIN THEIR REGIMENTS, BRITISH or rw e jespectfully Informed that they can, at the subjoined klfe r ,'„"' e e advantageously and promptly all deficiencies in and accoutrements, or those newly in the " Gazette" tiZ , the whole necessary equipment complete, and accord hi2:4tlo4 remlation. By paying cash on the satisfactory ected,", the order, a saving of not less than 3.5 per cent. can bas' materials of the best description, f o r w hi c h thi s 40% p a d a lo ng - esta b l i shed name. The saving comprised in SI N oiffaYment, this ad ver tise me nt e qua lly a ppli es t o th e AA t erimu t ti lerY branch of either service, together with the several led estimate of uniform (only necessaries therein stated), Prices, will be forwarded on application to ' Luld D. NICOLL, 114, R ege nt-street, London.