The Sun. — London, England, 1846-02-02 00:00:00

0 '''; p 6 : l peril o d o nJ or_ j rife rP ;i4 _ol ,ll ' te rtt tb f * p . aoole 1,1 101 v 1; s'ew e , 11. I ; 4 ' and -it 01..„d" Pe 5 t .l, o-0P g. tll 11 4 00 odscoer 6 ,54 ' Cnil;o 4 / L bif t 04, eW 1 14,i 0u,,, 193 enoc ier n, jOar Ar 4i) .bure l b , to of 4 stY re ieep g lf t. .., . ect ioP tb , Od er e c tib rCilit AIAGAZINE DAY. ACK 000. • . _ We hava such a 5',.., ~ Fo r ' • '''.' a ttrti _ the ' i.-1-Zt 'ill TOI -",.° t ''' "'' 11-(1 has:.' ''l,%l` •",I.l%hieles-ay to torn., Ela . , ci his -10'14 I_,e reinatkde, not-so touch fur critici r .i.i 4 ii " o ' n the pub o'iiiluns of the day as for original papers. and, above all, ww'eorerdakni,ffi_nereaitnred diss t • - • 1) , s i ng events; and though gene ' r r al 4t f i Z; ("n the - ' spirit d k i , ..plafed in trio Itita.,:_w_ eeertheless always find something interesting, make or curiously extravagant' in the et ork,whie ti c a l 118 the more regret the total absence of all pole .1(11 „ vh• " (n iiir-ent s on events more remarkable than any I :'eli h4Vt. occurred for the last six, , een or seventeen , 1401::•ii.T.here is no excuse for this sileec. , ei'h7 e () , : Y l i ' . ! I ‘,. : ' r tom! or information. Li the last. nun ..,. t 1 0 LsAnation of Sir Robert POE' wel the a ts, ri ,.. , k m thJAR Russell wqre made ..:11bkct, ei" d'' ,l " - '''2 l :: 14 e •-. ' di-il%SiOn was 'broken off ane-els• htf;:lll,,e 1 ... risk " . . . . h.., :vas still inv-,lved in mystery. Th a t, 1 - , , ,vever, ... ben i , . - -.. . - • v-. ieader has () ten tidy cleared up—the Cons.ii,ati , pmt'skW rein'tayed—he 1e...s opened his hie1 , ,, , ,-1. of s , ,..‘cre . :s o. , lio nt ni , 4 44 , e a display sufficient to shake the in,:u.t.i . et e i , . , ,, h , i.• • . v.ry old Tory. We allude not ills 7.0% , 1 co t e s daY, but to the disclosures made on ;le firs..nig . t t % s es'inn both in the Queen's spot ch and 1.0 l• eft 40 dintuca' ions read by Lord John Rass.4l. Th4 . s.: i i •; . r,i disti:,lbt wha'ever of his intentions. They procia.ll d .a . tliltt the'Y that the class -f " rotoction" were en i nber ' . ' had 4., ch at the vt'ere domed ; that feel soil anss,ll ktvere-4,iktd in tl.e sa- o boat, and that thc Torres irthwl,'}i'alt leadef. Yet at ths eventful era, ( 114 , 4 , the guardian of his Tory countrymen, t e me l_ n , i ) l ats 4 a v°e , L ste ..r aristDcratic doctrines, one of the , ./ enstin •-' "le Chureh and State, end the most vigotous and it ieupt i , 44 a hal cause, remains silent as the LiTasre; bac k, q me N proach of being a, " dumb dog „ that cannot e the ; ee,l'ing. lying down. loving to slumber. We regret fo r itir-801'.1.1t, however, only on the ground of amusem n e o n us , f or the ‘ b ier r ...,,, , v peets this dismal silcnee is very o d mi_ treat n.:O t ed class who have so long obstructe tv i e . r a y th e In -"a"hal improvemeet, and adds another proof n.. , fact -°Pulists are " done for." The only allusions, i a ' 413 41 e tr. -0 0r,,i the stirring events'of the day, is . in some get a v,"ses, headed " A Peep into the Whig Penny , o.l s ' ' ' ' o f Whiell the subjoined extract is a sp, ci Frorifet the Pin I have plated in this luckless transaction, at the fir, hack with innix'd satisfaction. 1114 St e e --t ' t I st dd this-- •nd 'tis pleasant to feel Sti ck to t,ise with one's self—' I'm fur total rep , al. 4 , 5 10ft,"t , tnY Lord John, and all scruples I stifle: illicv`le l e er trine is to me a mere trifle ;' A was will:„"nrse, fly dear Mac, for the purest of ends, b 'v•-ay afa '"g to he both myself and my friends). vit t th ee,l'll take that can give you relief- 7 . r , 1._ °1,1 if e lifiliP of the }Luse to Coinn-Ander-in-Chie . sa h a , s ",nf the party had acted as I did. „ta t l ' 6 ,i'le a band would Lord John have presided! shouldn't . ~,reel ea ,, [ is b,,,t as it is:' w, ma y grieve, yet we , . i t hau . git', o ,, e s e rrY the. i . ne a , are _ tb ighti " fairly begun, nPed, if our reign was once 'tie Certain we enulin t : ~, ,I thi nk ut till—sve aid what was not to be done. ~ T ' v ealio n Plough thus leaving old views in the lurch), i ° Veak i i" have establish'cithe Cat belie Church. -hey for niv colleagues in me would be va9ity .. I l u th of differ; but I s ' hould have thought it insanity. , rt ztlin e nope that our friends in Auld Reeky are ' brassy, 4,13.'°148, in confidence, T. B. Mae-7." !or bat,tuird articl e on Marlborough, is like the rest,. full rio t , s re st, and atn'on other achievements of that ill.uhse utstu, encietaander, gives an excellent description of St di „°' Cadeearde. Bonaparte owed to him the . plan the ',gardia A,. 'vae l _. C Strong fortresses, and marching direct to ' llt 'r this on which the fate of the campaign on the alli cti "a decided battle Marlborough urged . up . turned. le4e r 01)1).1111610f war the propriety of relinquishing all 1, 4 " adv„ i ,",ts , Passing the fortified towns on the . frontier, ',M he - 17 In g straight towards the French capital; and g0'w",,,,,1?-10,41':50hia,0,iaepa-rte, been hi sole rm m y aste n r, he would in i the Bois de (14i•re4;iteeN.Ve find n u e o a t m h rg d in the other articles that re- 'ber .se th f •the 1`; peers pie?.eat interestjo this nu int Nit BE N TLEY'S atid L., originalit are the principal re 4 eitt iit'llit_illy periodical, Y and in this particular the s p ine 6l tht 4 41 1 r ef Bentley i...remarkably cisi r te e s . pre this ,i ' f . . li t" years since, when 13oz was thfi rvision of th 4 Iseellany a biography, under the st'Pr Gri etiheente.ditor of . raai di t ilinati•lous bureourist—, a biography of -' Rreat':lPPeared in two volumes, with a prima:o 'e r that lur ed 11 10 11-.. as y , mere 'tuaJitiation never could have pl ..h..t.,;e•te...very reYaidero4l.). Dicke n s, 41)11 i i ir I ithp.--atnel in . t.e. sobriety of common-placevtay f ' 41 4 creator who could at all ae:Nlle fell sh6rr of th e u 0• that • h ( much as i: ~ . 1 . .gel ler , , . biography . st ,.. m .ing and thtehreeflirteereature lefit, tuy al anticpation) and looked into the a • o e it:itetZsa.kof .that portrait — possibly with the hope long the work- 's orthie lurkin g piss of 1 114 on the " graver „ — of discgttyleertiyng" the Yet out come- eatteu f or eross-hatching of a laugh. same worn- .1 14 , a' y l °l. the Februar of 1646, with this 1.. clove of a h-litlY--3:e-y•iiiiiityanti a mos Y t terribly a tbhoauckgnbiend caitx.enan.ei likeness 01, hiet t 4t rilek the en t r v ep n r e en is ; ur of this is °ti kitiai ° , et ag;:er th - public with somethi lli ng ix !v c a e .n ol d ,y : l r n r ( u )i l r lyi 4 1(14 Atid then the impudent context of f t 334 r ., cif r `lel salu with a it . bh 4 T i artkr f it• slut s dacit ', ht le • filled wit s a , I y I N ! , • o , oppant au 3. . s pea - shoote r ! .one page ut4ans.t_4'ally the conductor of thi pub , lication be krieus."lr very extraordinary ctirAl• ssriess or th? . a in .: •st cll ach "ureate iusuffioiency fur the trifling duty he li - to li e s o ltr y °;,arld we would recom m nd the proprietor +o 1 '44,, i'ewQat more circumspect in his fu.9r re irli6e.4.llls. ' , .Brien O'Linn' is continued with m • i 11, deity thtni heretofore, though its interest is marred 5r piet:7,si'.,ii"feri,,r etching by Leech, the first specimen 11 qth clever.P`lver! artist"" bzwe yet witnessed in the stretches.rt ~._ at ,-P ii,'it,ttails on the " - "eh ` ' allows a chapter by Role Guina. Trade "—feeble, but startling, a i ts., he dim and wind ihapes that Rlimraer along . tne teernsiC hvoteil,treln of a manic lantern. " - Gaming, Gaming /1:4%Z w lathith?saarr noaerse °f research pursued this suTtli apart of the a riter, whose knowledge upon research hit di,ii,eet pvars neither second-hand nor meagre: ier y ei.,tires are frequently strange, and deservea elie oPt7leral perusal. Arthur Dudley obliz,es; US with toNist "e.Se prurient anti ei_hemeral something=, whic h IP4 i naz il i n h.L. l ' l PallY of gauze and rose leaves, and simpers, • , eet i n ---.^u, and everything that is faintest and SICK. I %fF t h e fanci , .s or the Lye-sick ; things which .we tork,,Ytt,but rashly imagined were becoming thoroughly *la t h l i . • The particular species of c •mpositl on n Z 4 e et t il‘‘ l e i, ailed,: will be instantly compr, handed w hen f►l , co nitnencement of the s 1 ; even,. sections of this ~'W h . , q-4 hullity, which is appropriately christened " The ittlii ° t -- "itiq uets ~ First, ~ The mists of evening were , 4tt ° . 4 " I • ho ;eas aboutivinymorning . g , the birds were 4 „ h e e li)!f")ie eveyrryasbuash and tree." Thirdly, " Under '3l ?Irtas of the S hloss-Platz of C—, in the middle 4; th:weet-seented,emonth of June." Fourthly, sunny pat i4t Perfectl ised orchestra imaginable was „si 'e:ittill,,,linidttle y r ' or s gan ecution of Straut , s's imn . iortal ' 441 (11 'Ns IV I e 't" execution ' " I had arrived in , t , he t ii.. 4 9 of 4 c,, ac. .i ht Fifthly , V -- -" Sixthly, It k yit i o e yli '? 1 0 Oct her . nig l of January, between ten etilt.titleyer ,13 1( t o h k e „ mid_d e • If this is not the Most 4:40t ibalderd°as° h ) , the words we have quoted san I,t k esp 44 2 l l ,,,e'ltley • it is out-annualling the annuals, and 'Nati . '`"ing ti ' keepsakes. Mrs. Gore has a smart, k o .. .1114. gar le . e• on " Travelled his leple tyi,"L e dlll,e paP '- k r a famous fellow in iC tp leul ar .." , Whiskey Drintremity to encroach upon a !oterY ter.alk—has the a s of Chris -, - -4. •-' l 34tr - . t ifi e d with the footsteps h'ripiq'rlh, lit,",,a„iwylc,,„ being a e'flyer:ati▪ onal club at r tt k' - ` 4 '' fi " ------e would not show withol7o.• his a C Co. *IN. 1; . , .41;" if he side by side tri. iiit'tillia, h e Lvt`t!etn-fis by walking di the two best c b o i n t or tktr4,4 i n thi.il de28151. Deold fi e rst y a superb littleM Tonks 411 c1 i'lithat fillynntrh" h a : e t .; smith, called ▪th s r u . ch pre r.`ltore4yy,,Rt‘'et ChrYistmas failure," filled wi that of the jo ck B4 ll 44 1:1 a drolleries es who t ., 1 ehiht P°.litithe°Ps • strait dresses, rung Ik e tti i f .y . r ell in their quaint, taken up and fr0,24%,4 1 " 0 3 - might have been _ libation Al another 41 b Y hand bells:" and, secoh- h sas man n a a ilter iof such actor v los . ild 11 1 . , commemorat.ve n about aedote th 'Io b y 4hehard and Fawcett; the a . Ns Pa • ' howevi r, i tly , w, cola", is richly told. Saving, BenoeY t ier w 0 oele"ptions, the present mouth of I in strike every classical reader, for Abd-eisKrideris only a modern Jugurtha:— " The tactics of Jugurtha are precisely thC:Fe - of Abd- el -1 Kader. Oae might suppose them to have studied the art of Iwar in the same academy. Thus Sallust writes of the former: 11 *NV presented himself before. Metellus, cue • sionally betore Marius; he atteeked the rear in their-march, and instantly retreated to the hills; he now threatened this quarter, now that; he wowed neither haze rd a battle, nor allow them any repose;' and the German lieutenant records of the troops. belonging to the Arab, that, without offering any resistance to the head of the column, they hovered round it all day, with wild yells of Lu, lur They gallop without any order, and singly, to within eighty or a hundred paces of the sharpshooters and discharge their rifles at full speed. The horse then turns of his own accord, and the rider loads his piece as he retreats; and this is repeated again and again all day long. The Bedouins never wait for a close encounter hand-to-hand ; when charged by the cavalry, they disperse in all directions, but instantly return. Another peculiarity of the Numidian warfare is noticed in the fact, that the royal guards only followed the King in case of flight ; the rest c.f the army broke up in every direction. Thus it happened to Jugurtha after his defeat by the consul. Now we think :hat something like this may be traced in the present day in Algeria. The real army of Abd-el-Kader consists of 250 horsemen and 500 foot-soldiers, whom he pays wed clothes; and, with the select force, lie is said to drive all the neighbouring trite sto battle. Of course, after a defeat, they disperse lik the Numidians, and find • their way home to their tent or village in the best way they can. Again, every now and then the public ear is surprised with intelligence of the cowardism and flight of the Sillier, who is represented to have abandoned his soldiers in the most disgraceful manner. But here, too, he is only reviving Jugurtha, who, when Sylla had routed his army near Cirte, being surrounded on every Fide by the Roman cavalry, and -,eeing all his. men falling ley his side, 'rushed singly through the darts of the enemy and escaped.' Se we continually, hear of Abd-el-Kader's re-appearance after every discom fiture; and Jugurtha, crippled and stripped by Metellus, only retired into forests and places defended by nature, to collect an army more numerous than the former." The character of Sir James Graham is drawn with great impartiality, and is, pnhaps, the best of those which have yet appeared in the se:it's. Though, perhaps, the thickness of his skin may be a little exaggerate d, the following picture is substantially correct :—" A hard ness and impassability of temperament, which is to cen sure or obloquy as adamant or rhinoceros-hide, joined to a wonderful knowledge of human nature, great talents, clear perception, readiness, determination of purpose, and a steady resolution to seize all opportunities and yield none, give him great advantage in an assembly where the average of ability is not above mediocrity, and where there are so few who have the courage, or feel the incli nation, to stand forth as champions." Anti he adds at the close—" Such steady self-possession, joined. to such talents and information, arid to such debating powers as he has in his former career displayed, though now he rarely exercises the m, are quite sufficient to account for tiust influence which wo have ascribed to him ; in the absence of personal respect, which, generally speaking, be does not command, or of patty gratitude, which he has dune little to deserve on the one hand, and much to forfeit on the other." struck out of the list at once, and the two great Edwards, the first and the third, woul d only be entitled to statues as kings, in common with their imbecile fathers. Notwith standing Lhe arguments of this writer, we should cer tainly vcte for giving Warren Hastings a statue. The Hindoo Gaitlemfm in England c9ntimies h;s admirable letters, and from them we extract the following amusing bit of good-humOured satire:— " The society here is divided into a great number of different wastes, which I find ra;her dittisult to describe to you. The highest is composed of people of title ; the next, of persons who possess a carriage and horses, and several men-servants dressed very curiously ; the third, of those who have the menservants with the curious dresses, but not the carriage and horses ; and the fourth, of those who have neither titles, carriages, horses, nor men-servants. These again are subdivided into a great number of other castes :—thus, a family may have carriages, horses, and servants, and plenty of mo • ney, and yet, unless they can trace their descent a great many years back, to some man who was a not- d robber, or was beheaded for treason, or was distinguished in some other way, they are not considered to be of a *high caste. Trade, of all kinds, is looked upon as giving very low caste ; and though a min gets great wealth by trade, it does not raise him much as to caste. Wealth obtained by gambling, however, which is not an uncommon mode, is considered much more respectable. But the most honourable wey of pos sessing wealth is, like caste. to be able to trace it back to some relation who acquired it by murdering the owner and taking forcible possession of his estates, or by some other similar manner. Trade again is divide 4 into agreat many different castes of its own, which are so numerous and incomprehensible that I only as yet und.o-stand a little of the matter. I h•sve' found that a man of the highest caste may sell, without degradation, cabbages and other vegetables, corn, butter, or bullocks ; but that coals, cloths, bread, &c., are quite interdicted commodi ties for people of any pretensions to high caste to deal in. Again, a man may sell wine in casks, and yet be considered a gentleman ; but another man who sells the same wine in a bottle is looked upon as a very low wreath indeed." Among the gems of this number is a fac- simile mann cript sonnet by John Keats. We have also an elaborate review of Cailyle's book on "Hero Worship," and. s severe, but by no means unfair, critique on Charles Dickens's Christmas Books. The concluding article is entitled "The Corn-laws," and, strange to say, it is not in the least tinctured with party politics. The question of protection is considered on strictly economical grounds, and the paper itself might be talien as a text book by a professor of political economy Rcturing to a class of university students. ERASER. , , articles _ , - tOts;ol,!lrle:lritteseallitpanlber contains s' veral 46 C„nteMpOrtaeir)s ••••,CqS-..sir ,i'.. 4111011,9; these we p r efer,, N a "4 oat" ~,,'eles Graham, anal in t h e Rise of t o l '`'lc.o h 'he "Princi al Campa i gn s d supposed Latin P,imPhi'-t' in 4 e : i ii al :a t s_ li on ,arcltibt, 4, lit, s ers gh so P often furnished matter f “ 1. an were fartlioi, Pap er "2;1, have . furni.srom documents, .deseribed an .. in reat 5x,,,,,,t_ 3i, hieh, chiefly i that there are gtrik ineeZtisti,?t,„ 4'4l,tilitchell, proves the more 6 me tittle was t% 4 l, L 4 ~I4l,Qhoods respe cting Effect at the sa me. ry t „ ela2ti, att k ":,,l l , l slir s of Napoleon. ; it was n_e_e_ t of Kr e ° 1 14 rif y V' the first conseq uence.d announc emen t l ast at "Ns of Piul ee by the continue was the p . eonsid„ .• %as • and policy and truth + hes sent to ,atis, Th knin t o ' fram i n g the dispatches We t , , The su tet, f p hilities 0 - 4 took the Cron°tiiel'er, la 'S 4e superior a start i s any B one vi er u•ile to „, ° manse st. that sc and tht-ir causes th eta-recti - certain whether results _ . _ however, 4e a , 9 deserihA + tors of historb stated \vitt, Slltc,„ , •As ma to be " QIN more inanorte nce and require mnirs are t" 1 4.1 Iv .°011440f .1 1 ‘ -- '•ns in the me well ‘ 11 41,, 1i . .ery „, i - " exaggeratio . , ___ w th i t , n th at t ~, ',ring. For instanc , e it Is nu d the hich elide i " a- "' 1) fSt George, Iv • lost t) act of t, • Italian 0 . Austrian. , 14t,d,,t , she cmpaign, the wounded, or eaP 'l,ted, ' .1i than 12,000 en killed, __ _ c __ Ne_ i . Mile tht• I. in ' that they lost 30, ° )u 114„4'1411,.4 a ' Is Putches state 00 were driven - k au:‘ aeled, and that 14,0 n more t;:tt,, thartua. Tills wo ld give abut 4,00- then Klee -1114:4 e w hole of th u force at the comm of 4 (it pera,. e Austrian .. . the instances ban e kin„ k !os, and Trl any similar Ministers" is a h kt f a i t are given. "The Position of have made 1 hi, h.,tlre; the writer does not appear to if we ;tsci')c4pt - "''d on any question connected with it, , 0 the reaP.erhaps his resolution " never to consent ii,,h Nti t -- „ 1 ?° of tile aristocratic principle from the..h flave t e '°o, nor sanction any measures win(' laws It, lieekl(•ney in that diretion,” The c“rilristo- Ntl' te „ . „ B to con • icier necessary to the . a ht as ) 411 h a principle ; and, therefore, Fraser ini he v tit 4 'e said, We abjure Peel ;" but, neverthe less, that 'tt, rti in a m o st ambiguous manner, and protests an i t kond wi ll take his place where truth, and honour, t torau L' rc tlit R Peli eY seem to dictate." It is refreshing %et ( 0 0 1 a s ubject to the beautiful and correct .e . , o h rae it 6: tra•- ti tlti t ZW, nof Sallust, and to the apt and learned . i us, ' `'t iii9`lll Which it is interspersed. The writer is m aster No: subject, familiar with the authors who have for the lives °I e. e , n ,ted on this eekbrated biographer ( _ . ,qtve-"l'doi d J h I , a° ugurt a are f his tha the onli works o .ari- tilvived the ravages of time, and the hanN of bar - oo ' iv 411s' as) ja occasionally interesting rem arks . e•thl Tacitus, as well as liengl ' otus Thucyduies, and t•tereen thee-thellbuti, and draws an interesting comparison b i ~‘„. , by "AN carried ti in Africa by the Romans, a nd t. :,,. ' t h e 1,r,,4, e re t time. One cur , at the p act will t - _., TILE ST 7 N, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, PEBRVL 4 RY 1:816. both 11 - :,'! sc.:l6 - 1 tho guoitort diately reposed the utmost co:di:ler:cc>, them the company of to first iTatigfrau; • preparations for our exp , 7dition. I retired req early, aware that we should pa's Alin following night upon the glacier of • the Aar, a very unfavourable place for repose. Next day the ~ I.la rose is unclou majosty, and I found my three mountaineers c -, aqletely accoutred, artutd with hat chets, corch, tcr - ,inating r,ith iron hooks, blue veils, &c., not - forgetting provisions for two days, and the flag which, as we hoped, would bear testimony to the triumph of our expedition. On leaving Grimsel, our path led us into the midst of fallen rocks, above a wild valley, bounded on the left by the Leidelhorn, and on the right by Juchliherg and the Broniberg. This valley, which is about 7,000 - feet above the level of the sea, seemed gradually te , enlar4e, and we perceived its further extremity closed on each side by a wall of ice, raising itself perpendicularly to a height. of 200 or 3 . 00 feet ; this was the extremity of the glacier of the Aar. When - we had attained the summit of this wall by scaling the rocks which bordered it, we perceived this vast glacier, sfretwsed out before us for a spoe of wv; ral miles, encompasprd by t! e eiuuntic peaks of Fin , ter. ar horn, the SAreAhorti, the o:A.ralritorn, the Vi,eher- horn, and the LaAenraarhorn ; the first raising itself to a height of 14,000 feet., and - the otlviTs varying from 11,000 to 13,000 feet above the level of the sea. e reached the pure and shining surface of the glacier itself; which we found covered on ali sides with crevices parallel one with another, /he grester portion being fill-t 1 with snow; we took all the necessary pre caution, by sounding them will, grappling-irons, before intrugi g our bodies to so frail an d treacherous a sup port. Advancing in this manger allieg the glacier for three hours, we arrive:` at the lithe hat epposite. erected for M. Agaseiz, to encourage hitn to Imrsue further his experiments upon the increase and the ~.irogress of the glaciers. Tnis hut, situate 3,000 feet above the level of !he ice, is almost entirely sheltered from the fall of avalanches, and the effects of the hurricanes and snow storms, to which these elevated regions are exposed. The sun was gradually disappearing beneath the horizon; the innumerable peaks and glaciers were illumined by his last rays in such a manner that the entire chain of mountains presented the appearance of a shining stripe. This magnificent spectacle suddenly disappeared, and every object resumed its pale blue tint in proportion es the shades of night concealed them from our sight; we soon saw nothing but the white line of the least remote peaks. We then endeavoured to taste a few hours' repose, taking all the requisite precautions to protect ourselves against the intense cold, in which, however, we only partially succeeded. Sleep came but tardily; the novelty of the situation was too exciting. " Towards midnight, several enormous avalanches fell on the opposite side of the glacier, with a roar re sembling the most violent explosion of thunder ; this was sufficient to banish all ideas of skep, and we were soon on foot, diiigently preparing for the seventeen hours of consecutive ascent which we had to make upon the ice and the snow. The first difficulty to be surmounted was the descent on to the glacier, into the crevices of which, seeing how insecure it was, we found it necessary to descend. We were thus placed in the bottom, around the three sides of which walls of ice raised themselves almost perpendicularly. It was necessary that we should attain the submit of these walls in order to emerge from our chilly and frightful dungeon. lann, our head guide, began to cat out steps in the ice, so that, at the end of a brief space of time, we were extricated from our retreat, and out of danger, upon the glacier of Lanteraer, at its junction with that of Finsteraer ;—the first descends from the Schreckhorn and the neck of the Lanteraer, and the second from the Finsteraerhorn and the peaks adjacent. " Our course through the glaciers was then directed towards the Abschwung, along the base of which we proceeded cautiously, the ice being very slippery at this early hour. The crevices were sounded, and those that were half opened avoided as much as possible. These last, at an elevation of 9,000 feet, almost entirely dis appeared, and the surface of the glacier appeared covered, for a distance of some miles, with a thick bed of untouched and unbroken snow, whilst before us, and at a distance of three hours' walk, the neck of Lanteraar raised itself 1,000 feet in height, hitherto deemed inacces.sible. Its brilliant white crest, marked in bold relief against a deep blue sky, made us believe that it was close at hand. We soon perceived, however, our want of skill iu calculating distances in regions, where the vast extent of the ob jects, combined with the peculiar light reflected by the snow and the glaciers, confounch d every one of oar en deavours. We continued fur several hours to climb up lung slopes of snow, burying ourselves knee-deep at each step, and yet the distance did not appear to dimi nish. At length we reached the first ridge of those cre vices that are usually found at the foot of the most rapid descents. In the mi.ist of these crevices it was neces sary to advance with the greatest caution ; a great num ber of them touch each other. We thus proceeded through thie labyrinth of frightful blueish gulfs to the foot of the formidable neck of Lanteraar, which rose al most perpendicularly far above our heads f,r several hundred feet, whilst upon its slope, we pet ceived a mass of suspended snow which seemed to threaten us from afar ; fur we could not find a more formidable barrier. It was necessary, however, to surmount it, and the ques tion was, how to do so ? "At our feet was a deep precipice on the opposite side of which the snow wall rose abruptly, not leaving the smallest space for the feet. Notwithstanding this, our chief guide succeeded in piercing in this well, by means of his long Alpine stick, a hole, into which we c.mld leap, witheut much danger of falling in the half open precipice which gaped blnea,h us. He crossed the first, and held out his stick to assist the next comer. I seized the friendly aid thus offered to me, and took the fatal leap ; but the snow gave way under me, and I remained suspended above the taky,d, grappling, with my utmost strength, the pole which had been stretched out to me. I was immediately resent d from this peril ous position, and, the other guides havinz passed with out accident, we found ourselves leaning our backs against the spew wall which forms the southern aspect of the neck. We commenced our ascent with care, the •first guide hay.ng been relieved by the second, who, hatchet in hand, cut out in the snow holes into which we could place our feet and hands. The steepness of the neck was such that the bending of the body forward, which is necessitated by all ascents, placed our breasts and faces in complete contact with the snow, whose ex cessive glare verb much fatigued our sight, in spite of t'le blue spectacles which we wore. In this critical position, our ascending progress became slower, the advance of the foot, from one step to another, being an important matter ; for one single slip—the slightest inclination b:Aikwards, or even the least dizziness, must inevitably have proved fatal to one of us. Neverthe less, thanks to the efforts of the hardy mountain eers, the summit of the neck was at leugth attained, five hours after our departure from the encampment of the previous night. During this time, .the field of our view had been necessarily limit( d, by the interposition of the neck of Lanteraar • but, its summit once attained, we were able to contemplate a great portion of s witz. r land, extended on all sides, at an awful depth beneath our feet ' • whilst on every sid e rose th e summ it s of those gigantic barriers which bar the valley of Grindewald. on our left were the Great and Little Schreckhorn, and Mestemberg; and on the right the object of our am bition, the three peaks of the Wetterhorn, the Wetter horn itself, the Mittalhorn, and the Rosenho:n ; be neath us were spread out the plains of snow which de scend from those summits, and crown the higher glacier of Grindewald. the p4ss dr - Donn:4 ; :e lakes of Lung:7Le — arid Lucerne, on the banks of which rose the Righin and Mount Pilate, whose summits, the glory of so man; cockney tourists, appeared to us like molehills On the east, the eyes wandered over the indefinite chain of mountaiu peaks. " On looking towards the south, we perceived, on that side, the two monarchs of the Bernese Alps, raising their heads side by side—viz , the Rosenlani and the Berglistock. . Separated from them by the neck of Lsu , teraar, we descried the red - Schreckhorn, very properly called the 'Peak of Terror,' whilst the last of the groups, the Finsteraarhorn, appeared to overtop its companions. On the right of these two peaks was seen the brilliant Vischerhorner, the nearest of all, beyond which we dis covered the three rival peaks, the Eiger, the M. - inch, and the Jungfrau, rising together to a •heignt of more than 12,000 feet. At the base of these gigantic mountains, lay the Wengern of the Alps, a hich looked ltko a teere undulatii,n, whilst we could , scarteiy distinguish, far beneath us, the villager of Grinderwaid, stiO the river of Lutchinen, winding tike a silver thread in the midst of the valley. • • " On all sid - s of the peak. upon which we- were sia tinned (and on the summit 4. which twelve persons could harlly find room), we had before our eyes vast and pro found precipices, at the foot of which were stretched the plains of snow, and the numerous glaciers, situated still lower down. On the left were observed the higher g:aeiers of Grinderwald, end those of Lanteraar ; and on the right, those of Gaud, 11,---ufen, and Rosenlani, above which rose the peaks of Wellborn, Lt - oenhorn, and Engelhornet. " We cast greedy glances on this side, the guides having resolved to try and reach the unexplored re gion of the Rosenlani. We had been about twenty minutes upon the summit, exposed to a violent gale of wind and an intense cold, although in the plain the thermum'ter tearked 93 deg. (of Fahren heit's scale) during the night ! The sudden appear ance of some nebulous clouds in the horizon gave us a forewarning, and we consequently commenced our de scent of the peak, after having firmly fixed our flag, taking the opposite side to that by which we had as cended, in order to reach the plains of snow which sur mount the great glacier of Rosenlani. Seeing the steep ness of the slope, we deemed it necessary to sit down and to slide over the snow, directing our course by means of our clamp irons. " In this manner we descended to the surface of the plateau with the greatest rapidity. There again v e had need of many precautions, the greater portion of the crevices being covered with a thin bed of freshly-fallen snow, incapable of supporting the weight of a human body. " - After having crossed the plateau, we arrived at the foot of the Rosenhorn. This is an elevated peak, situate at the junction of the glaciers of Roseehali and Reufen, which, at this spot, is confounded with the great slope of snow descending from the Wetterhorn. This region being, like the preceding, a terra incognita, our advance became slow and irresolute, and on the descent of the • Rosehorn, our difficulties seemed to increase instead of diminishing. " The fragments of rocks and the detached stones continually roiled beneath our feet, and fell like the shower of rain into the precipice, at the bottom of which, at a frightful depth, we were able to distinguish the great blue crevices and the points of the glacier of Rosen lani. After having quitted tbe rocks, we again found ourselves upon inclined plains of snow so rapid, that we were obliged, for a length of time, to descend backwards as if upon the steps of a ladder ; the hatchet was then in constant requisition. At the foot of one of these steep slopes the snow gave way under our feet, leaving a large crevice, about fifteen yards in breadth, the opposite edge of which was twenty feet lower than the one on which we found ourselves. This difficulty appeared at first utterly insurmountable, the very guides themselves were disheartened and discouraged, and all offering our advice in the midst of a pause, we at length set our backs against the snow, close to the brink of the precipice which yawned beneath us. At length lann conceived the hazardous plan of leaping it at one bound ! He put it into execution, and reached the lower edge safe and sound. The ropes having been detached, the remainder of the party screwed up their courage to the sticking point. and despair lending up fresh courage, we darted forward by turns above the precipice, off the smooth surface of the snow which lay beneath. Our fortunate triumph having vigorously excited us, we prepared to traverse a narrow slope of ice, in which our conductor carefully cut out some steps, when a low noise suddenly arrested our at tention. The guides, who happened to be hindmost, violently pulled back the remainder of the party, by means of the ropes, and a second afterwards. an immense avalanche rolled down upon the slope that we were pre paring to cross, leaving all petrified with dismay at the dreadful danger which we had so narrowly vecapi.d. "The cloud of snow in which we bad been enveloped, having dispersed, we resumed our descent, and continued it during three hours, upon a succession of vertical walls of snow and ice, and reached the glacier of Rosenlani at five o'clock. The passage of this glacier lunch res: mbles that of the famous glacier at Bossons, on Mount Blanc ; the crevices there are so numerous, that there is merely a furrow of ice between them ; *these furrows being the only path by which the wanderer can advance. "We had every moment before our eyes icy preci pices, which, at every step, seemed ready to swallow up the unfortunate wretch, whose presence of mind might have failed, whilst the pinnacles of ice which rose above us, often tottered upon their very unstable foundations. " In our present state of fatigue, the passage of the glacier was very perilous ; but the minute care and courage of the guides, skilfully prevented the occurrence of any accident ; and at eight o'clock in tl.e eyeling, we bade an eternal farewell to those plains of snow and peaks of ice, upon which we had trod for eventy con secutive hours. All danger was now over ; and the ex citement having ceased, the difficult descent of the rocks and overthrown peaks, became insupportably fatiguing. The baths of Rosenlani were still far below us ; the sombre aspect of the pine forests, which exti-nded them= selves at the bottom of the valley, formed a striking con trast with the continual light of the preceding hours. " Night gradually extended her veil over the sur rounding objects, the lights in the houses soon became perceptible, and at nine o'clock, P.M., we all arrived safe and sound at the baths of Rosenlani, where a great ex citement had prevailed, for several hours, at the dis covery of the flag that floated on the summit of the peak. After having seen four black specks, at a prodigious height, and having observed those specks change their positions, the inhabitants of the valley had justly con cluded that one of their gigantic mountains was on the point of losing, for ever, its reputation of inaccessibility. " The following morning, I took leave of the two in trepid chamois-hunters, to whom I had been indebted for my preservation, on several occasions, during the perilous adventures of the preceding days. Soon after wards, I heard that these two unfortunate men had been attacked by a disorder, arising from the hardships of their last exploit; as for myself, I escaped with the usual consequences of so long s sojourn iu the midst of the snows of those elevated regions—that is to say, with the loss of the skin of my face, and an inflammation in my eyes. We recrossed the great Schit deck, and arrived at Interlacken, on the 20th of July, mys. , lf and my guide, who was also in a very pitiable condition; and thus con cludes the history of my ascent of the Wetterhorn." THE « GREAT UNPAID." TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. " It was then deemed necessary to descend the slope, on the opposite side of the neck which we had just climbed, before arriving at the foot of the great peak, which appeared to rise near us, to a height of 2,150 feet above the platform of snow, upon which we stood, and which was, itself, at an elevation of 10,000 feet. We, therefore, commenced our descent, which, although not so dangerous es our former ascent, nevertheless, de manded a greater exertion of strength. We had thus, constantly, b-fore our eyes, the precipicei of snow and ice, closely attached to numerous crevices. The chief point depended upon the ropes and hatchets, and the descent was e ffected witte.ut accident; eter which, we once more ascended successive slopes of snow, occasioneliy proceeding, - A i th much difficulty, in the midst of the half-opened crevices, which presented the appearance of a deep azure. Our ceuree was directed towards the base of the central peak, known by the name of Mittalhorn, which then rose over our heads like a vast pyramid of ice and snow. In my eyes, it was so impossible to climb it, that I vett ture,-1 to ask the guides if they hoped to reach its , summit? They replied, that they felt sure of it. I was, therefore, reassured, believing that I was in excel lent company for this work,. The south-eastern side of the peak seeming, from all appearances, to he the most practicable, we began the clitheult task of climbing the virgih mountsin. The ascent in itself resembled that of the peak of Lanteraar, but it lasted much longer. The surface of the snow and ice was much more compact, and rendered it necessa r y for us to widen, w ith our feet, the spaces cut out with the hatchet, in order to feeilitate their change of position. We mounted, thereforp, hut 51°v IlY , placing eqr hands in the holes cut ahove our. heads, - h y the the guide who took t he lead, gradually inserting the foot in the lust aperure, and the ItKly completely sink ing into the snow a t each step. In this disa g ree able position, we had co n s tantl y re our eye s the vastre u which lay eNteulli'd beneath 11 5 i • and this tssiigPhict7seltt'ef i riled in our mint the consieatory idea, that one little false step might effect the destruction of the whole party 1 This might very easily have happ ene d, glued, as we were, one to another. We had remained d three and we were aesure' lioues upon the pea k, the I guide, that in anothe r hour, if no accident in tervened, we should have resched the summit. We, therefore, prepared our flag, and , a f t er having snatche d a few lei nuts ri eepose, whilsit is Was bring rolled round the flat. staff, placing ourselves with our becks against the snow, we then advanced with more ardour, the guide making the meantains reverberate with the s 'WAS of his T 14,. tiOnal 'Songs whilst the grPo e P t 1541.Qt Y nnisuatecl the whole party, at the prespect Of 8 9 Oti t fir. a 'result. The white anci bripi4nt o,nintni; Qf the ppali th e n 41 i. I,4ared inirnectiately over our heads. Here, having brought our travellers. to the long sought for goal, we must allow them to p ause and take breath, before rendering an secouPt of the sublime and splendid . piospeof whid6 innriediaiajy astounded their Sight, " We hail thus attained an eloY4t.tion tf 12,154 feet, after a cote in ea asc , .nt of three tI , IP;, from the level of the plain. During this time, 1141 been too 4 ) 4011. oc cupied io surioeunting the obs'aeles which w e h a d en countered in our progreis, to be able to con ex template with at :Ilion, the. womb rail panoreea, e tent of which w enlarged every iesoott. ( )ace he summit of the v. , 44, , 0 hai l 4 ! ip ItX ek:lntitii - og the relative posilloa of the ~orrouitAitig f:g q ,k.,. • The greater portion seeTtitd to ex' eel F ar I e""1-11 115. On the north, we pereeved the 1,,,u1tee.0 :x .d the chain of mountains which borders the !Au of Brienne ; end, behiud them, Stn,—The glaring and unpardonable negligence of magistrates in so:ne of the provinces appears to be upon the increase, and this piece of insult upon the public must be stayed. Wherever cause for complaint arises in this respect, the public may easily remedy ►t. LA about a score only—no matter bow humble in station—trans mit a short memoriri (showing the grievance) to their Lord-Lieutenant, and it will be his bounden duty to look into it. , The remedy is very plaie and essy.—Ynur obe dient servant, OBSERVER.' Jan. 30, 1846 PROPOSED LINES OF RAILWAYS AFFECTING THE METROPOLIS. Mr. Fowler read a paper at the Royal Institute of British Architects last Monday evening, on the proposed lines of railway which affected the metropolis, about to be submitted to Parliament. He stated, ttiat he aas in debted to Mr. Austin, the engineer, honorary secretary to the Metropolitan Improvement Society, for the facts that he was about to lay be'ore the me eting. who, with a laudable zeal in the eau4e of im provement, had been at considerable pains to pre pare a plan of the n hole of those lines for which the deposits had been completed. lie need scarcely say. that there had been a whole host of other schemes, which, fortunately, had not survived the fatal effects of the late panic. Of those that remained, it' appeared from the plan, that there were twenty-one different lines, comprising .100 miles of proposed railway, within a circle of five miles from St. Paul's. The spaces scheduled for termini, within a circle of 11 miles of St. Paul's, together with that necessary for the construction of so much of the lines, constitute an area little short of 200 acres. To forma more vivid idea of the extent of this area, it may be stated, that it exeeods that portion of London extending from . High-street, Whitechapel, to St. Paul's Cathedral, included between Lesdciihalltstreet, Cornhill, the Poultry, and Chvapside, on the north, and the river Thantos on the south. It constitutes an area equal to one third of the city of London, and little less than one-half of that devastated by the conflagration of 1666.: On a moderate calculation, it wotl l d in volve the destruction of between 0.000 and 10,000 houses, and pansy an expenditure, for the purchase of prdperty alone, of about 15 millions sterling ! ! ; Mr. Fowler stated, ' that a memorial on the subject had been forwarded to Lo rd Li n c o l n , {rs s Com missioner of Woods oin4 .Forests, by the Metropolitan i m pr o vement Society, praying that the Metropolitan mprovement Commission would take the subject into their earliest consideration ; and it behoved, not only professional men, but all who dezirecl to so prayer of th e soc i ety , right direpticul giver} to this extra o rdi nary mevement : tO second the that this b e§ neh the genera subject of railway com munication should be considered as a separate and dis tinct whole, in order that a comprehensive VA ftY5 - tematic plan might result front what WfAa 110 W a heap of confusion ; aris;ng froM the ittet, that each line had been ieparat'ely laid down by its respective Company, without reference to, or knowledge of what was being proposed by the other.— The Builder. THE WisME§ TI4A IiOC.KVARD ARTIFICERS._ MeetingA of the artisans of the Dockyard have been held with a view of organising a movement to obtain an increase o f wa ges. The shipwrights of Woolwich. Dockyard originated the proceedings, and wrote to the shipwrights and caulkers Qf Deyoupoq acid other docivarlii other ula4ses of workmen leaftog (his 3tkn4 l l9Po a !n e eding, iu artier thqt. the might be Made 0.) , All liatida„ Thu ;vault has been the ap pointruegt of 4 9611141h:tee. and the adoption of a petition to the Admiralty, setting forth the high price of food as a special ground for the increase which they solicit.—Nautical Standard. THE PREMIER'S •MEASURE. (From the Journal of Commerce.) S;r R be: t Peel has shown himself to be equal to the k f his position. He has viewed with a cotn prohcnsive mind the exigencies of a portentous crisis ; and, with a sound and unflinching judgment, he has in dicated perhaps the only means for its satisfactory so lution. Placed between two uncompromising anta gonists, he has, with strict propriety, demanded from each concession—from each a relaxation of pretensions in favour of the common interest of the entire commu nity. The Government has shown a becoming spirit of impartiality in the adjustment of a rancorous feud, which has long disturbed the tranquillity, and threatened to embroil the nation in irreconcilable antipathies, and destructive strife. the sound thinking, aid the friends of their country, of both parties will hail with joy the opportunity now tires, nt. d of extinguishing a contest w hich, if prolonged under the feelings of class antagonism, beginning to exacerbate disatisfaction, must hare ended in political convuls,in. We hope most fervently, that there will be found, boll in Par;iament and iu the country, so much ,; 0 .; sense and conciliatory disposition as to neutralise le exlggetated demands of the purely selfish, and to abash the an ounce of "presuming faction. In the spirit of conciliation, aid in views of profotmd policy, the Minisay has proposed a salutary compromise. The Government, so far, has done its pert well. If the pro posed measur e sh a ll be thwarted by the stubborn inflexi bility of intemperate part•sans, the public will rightly comprehend on whom will rest the blame of a in rpetual r. Beeineing properly with the claimants for an abolition of protec:ing duties, Sir R'bert Peel has said to the ma nutattur, rs—" You_ ntlemen, cannot object to be sub jected to a course of policy which you so strenuously pre,cribe to others." Nor will they, for their leaders have long since declared openly that they coveted no ote ct . on from State duties. Acting on the admission, and on the equity of the demand, the Minister has proposed a very sweeping abolition and reduction of import duties on foreign fabrics and products. It is an immense stride towards perfect freedom of commercial interchange, which will astonish some of our compe titors ; but which will work no permanent detriment to our home industry. The measure promises to apply the only unequivocal test of the sound direction of the , productive powers of a people. It will say to every class of manufacturers, " if you are making goods whi c h foreigners can undersell you in in your own market, it is a proof that you are misapplying your industry, and are imposing a tax upon your countrymen: take to some other more nationally beneficial calling." But we ap prehend no disturbance of the large staple occupations of British industry ; in all these walks of productive labour we hare exclusive advantages, sad we stand pre minent. Some of our countrymen may and will feel the pinch, in competing productions which have an adventitious value from the exercised taste in their getting up. The rub will do them good in the end ; it will set them about getting rid of their hereditary notions, and looking out for some of the refinements of modern art. They will be brought up to the mark with a little whipping and spurring. We have no misgivings about the abilitiy of our country men when they have proper guides, and a wholesome stimulus. Under the new tariff, Sir Robert Peel pro poses to admit manufactures and finished goods, ge nerally, at a maximum duty of ten per cent. ad valorem ; except silk fabrics, which will pay fifteen. Now, these duties may very fairly be considered duties for revenue on commodities which are not necessaries ; but which may have some peculiarities of taste or quality that make them attractive to a certain class of purchasers, both able and willing to make a small contribution to the State whilst indulging a preference or a fancy. That simple, unornainented goods should come in under these duties, to compete with our own similar productions, is commercially impossible. We have the raw materials duty free, and manufacturing power either cheaper or more effective than elsewhere. It must be borne in mind, thet in the actual state of manufacturing industry in all the great staples, the wages of labour make but a srn-ill part of the entire cost of production, compared with their relative amount under the primitive system of manufacture ; so that any local difference of labourers' wages, from habits or from cost of maintenance, tells but little in the market-price of goods. The rivalry will be left for a time in certain handicraft trades ; some of which will have to abandon old habits, and the profes. sors, perhaps, to add another day or two to the week— which they can easily do, and still keep the Sabbath holy. Sir Robert Peel, in his speech, alluded to a trade which will certainty feel the effect of the diminished duty—this carriage-makers. This indeed is a trade under very peculiar conditions, and it tnay in a great measure impute its anomalous position to the ways and habits of its customers Many of the Noble Lords and Honourable Gentlanen, with their female appendages, who ride in carriages, do not make a point of paying ready money for these wares—some of them do not pay at all ; and ' very often there is an inclination to postpone the settlement of the coachmaker's bill to the Greek lialeuds. Hence it is that the London coach builder has got into a rooted habit, not of considering how much a vehicle has cost him, but how much, upen a reiuote contingency, is likely to return him an average living profit. The calculator of chances on lives would be ott, n puzzled to find out a fair rate for a coach builder's customers. This is one reason why London coach-making has no affinity in prices with those of the , arne craft in other localities. The coach business is one which comptiss s in its of , eration a large proportion of manual labour ; and therefore, in pint of economy, it is ill-pla red ia the metropolis, where the wages of such 1-hour are necessarily dearer than in the country ; but the habits and class of the customers have necessi tated the establishment of coach- making in London. Another large handicraft trade will be, in some of its branches. affected by the proposed change of duties ; an-I that is the shoemakers. It cannot be denied that boots and shoes are made in Paris, and indeed in other parts of France, in what may be truly called a more masterly manner than, for the most part, they are to be met with in London. There has been more mind exer cised in the craft in Paris than in London. The French artisan has been aware that his object was to make a covering for the human foot ; whilst the English cord wainer has never entertained a thought beyond that of covering his last—the thing bearing as remote a re semblance to the foot of man as the sign of the Red Lion to the beast of the forest, The cobbler must for sake his last and take to the study of anatomy; in the course of which higher pursuits he may perchance find out how it is that he has been the hereditary generator of corns and bunions. Under the competition we trust that the sho.sniaker will improve his art, and the tanner his leather; the materials are supplied without fiscal !widen, and we have a right to expect as good an article as can be furnished for the same money else where. The quality of leather in England has for some years been deteriorated by modern improvements. The tanners insist go back to some of the practices of their ancestors. It is impossible, in the brief space of a single article, to advert even cursorily to the various classes of pro ducers which will be more or less affected by the pro posed diminution of import duties on finished goods. We shall take octe t. occasions of commenting on the special effects of the change, as we shall tee that change as suming the sanction of law. In many cases we antici pate that the coming rivalry wilt operate as a salutary stimulus in sharping the wits and in , proving the tastes of our jog trot tradesmen ; who havf! never sus pectsd that they were not taught everything belonging to their craft, when they were apprentices. In no case of extended industry do we think that foreign competition in the home market will be productive of the smallestperma in n . d 'Et-intent. This knocking down the barriers be ta ceu ours and foreign workmen, and pitting them agair,st each other, necessarily implies that they are to , e plat .d on equally favourable terms as to sustenance ; and • Lich equal .t) is provided for by the greatscheme which G.bvernm,nt has laid before the country for its considera tion, and adi.ption if approved. By removing till cus toms' duties from foreign provisions of every kind, the maintenan ce of labourers here and elsewhere will, in a short time be brought nearly to one common level. The di fr Tenet s, if they exist, will be found in a great measure to arise from diversity of habits, and from the more or less prevalence of frugality or of extravagance. To talk of an impossibility of the labourers of a country taxed as this is not being able to compete with those of less barthem.d countries, when they shall be fed and clothed as cheaply, is mere thoughtless babble. What should hinder them frwm competing? They are as strong, as int* ll . g, nt, as industrious ; and if their food be un taxed, and their clothing untaxed, and if they have a thousand mechanical aids, and the free support of large commercial capital, and a practised intelligence to guide them, why should not the produce of their labour be rendered as cheap as that of their competitors ? We know th-re are those who talk much about the restraints on British industry from the enormity of our debt ; whilst they have themselves, through a long life, been witnesses, if not abettors of the fact, that the produce of British manufacturing skill finds a, daily market in every corner of the habitable globe ; although we have to furnish the annual interest on t debt of e ight hundred millions. Give free scope to our industry, as is now for the first time attempted, and that will enable us to sustain our fiscal burthens without diffi culty, and without a murmur, To think that we shall be better able to pay our debt by restricting our commer cial iitterconrse with the external world, from which we draw the whole of our accumulating wealth; is to betray a puerility of intellect and a poverty of understanding which do not characterise British traders. Does Lord Ashburton think that we shall be better able to meet our home pecuniary obligations by lending from time to tie large portions of our spare capital to the repudiating states of America? We rejoice exceedingly in the Ministerial announce ment of a comprehensive and enlightened sc:ieme of commercial policy; and we shall hail with acclamation its a loption into the law of the land, as the sure basis of Britain's future, long-enduring, industrial supremacy. MODE OF CULTIVA noN ADOPTED IN CORNWALL TO RAISE EARLY POTATOES. 1. The potatoes are set in December and January, 2, The sort planted are the kidney, and the fishiest(' kidney. The beat ashleaf kidney are procured from Somersetshire, and are planted in the neighbourhood of Uxbridge. 3. The hest soil is a light loose soil, and the ground should be well worked. Old grass laud is preferred. 4, The seed should be set about eight inches in depth, four inches distant from each, and the rows fourteen inches apart. An open situation, facing south or south-east, is the best situation—proximity to the sea is the most advantageous. 5. The best manure is long stable dung covered with sea weed, the seed being first slightly covered with earth. 6. The finest, cleanest, healthiest seed is best. When never plant A piece with more th an tiVo eyes, some prefer nue, When small potatoes are used, they are sometimes planted whole. tat: in small 7. To protect the tops from being injured by early spri n g frosts, is impracticable in extensive plant.ant,i,o ptented in shel qumitites, they may be protested by tared situations, and litter P . 1 4 - , H ,Z, or by trenching them as celery, aitethte° ir r e e n irhes with litter trans ' yeriaiii co\ , rir her becolees vr TAIT. The article on the Oregon quostion is written, on the whole, in an English spirit, and takes a fair view of the paints at issue, but still there are objections, great and unanswerable objections, to the scheme for settling dif ferences. The writer vainly urges on the American people to compel their Government either to refer the boundary to arbitration, or make Great Britain a price for giving up the whole. -" A very moderate sum, we doubt not, would be taken." This is one of the crotchets in which the party represented by Tait delight to in dulge, which often please a small clique,_ but which, if adopted, would lead, to greater evils than tnose to be removed. The value of the Oregon territory as regards the soil, or even the extent, is absolutely nothing to this country. Our position in the Pacific is the main point, and all the money that the Americans could raise would afford no compensation for such a sacrifice as that proposed. England cannot dispense with Columbia river, she cannot abandon the Hudson's. Bay Company, or, in short, submit to any bargain or compromise which would put a stop to her communications between the Chinese islands, our Australian possessions, and the whole of the Pacific and the westcoast of Canada. She can not even allow California to be surrendered to the United States, because harbours in that quarter of the world will in time, and probably in a very short time, become ab solutely necessary for our mercantile as well as our mi litary navy. But even supposing the Oregon affair set tled by this objectionable scheme, would England and America be one whit more reconciled to each other ? would the republican aggressions and conquests cease?— would the moral power of England be increased by eon senting give up her claims for a paltry sum of money? The writer himself admits that statesmen of the United States wish to annex Oregon, California, Cuba, and Ca nada, and that " democracy in America has not entirely denuded itself of the love of power which characterised the sionquerors of former ages." He thus laments over their backslidings:— " It is melancholy to reflect, that the lapse of sixty years, instead of making the views and principles of American statesmen more humane and far- sighted—more philosophical, in short--has produced a diametrically opposite result. Benjamin Franklin, both morally and intellectually, was iminewiurably above the contemporary statesmen of Europe, General Cass, President Polk, and too many more of the ex isting statesmen of America, have fallen almost to a level with them. When Franklin, Jefferson, Washington, Adams, organised the Union, they looked forward to a people and government who were to rise superior to the low lust of ter ritorial aggrandisement—who were to introduce common 'sense' into the dealings of natietis with each other—to extend the empire of law and reason, and narrow that of brute force. Witt would these great and good men say to the language that now rings in the Senate House of Washing ton? We write not with bitterness, but with regret and despondency." The calm voice of reason has no effect upon such men, and the peace societies in England only make them more extravagant in their demands. The article on " the Lyric Poetry of Germeny" contains useful reflec tions on the staee of public opinion in that quarter, more 'especially in Prussia, and draws-a sad contrast between the professions of the late Sovereign, as well as the pre sent, end their deeds. "Only one remark we shall allow ourselves, that the sting of the sarcasm Lalluding to some patriotic verses by Prutz] lies in the glaring opposition between profes , ion and principle by which the Prussian Government stands so unenviably distinguished. The Czar Nicholas looks like a czar, and speaks like a czar, and uses the knout like a czar, and no man mistakes him ; ao clan Austria, honest old Austria,' sits spread out with a quiet breadth of contented Conservatism on her green gossiping pester at Vienna, and her likewise no man mistakes; but Prussia, prating magniti cently about her Protestantism, her intelligence, her high pressure education, her Zoll-unicns, her Germanism, and Liberalism of all kinds, is, when you aeatotnise her closely, a hideous compound of pedant, preacher, and comedian, of coward, slave, and liar. What is to be the end of these things no man knows. For ourselves, we shall not be sur prised if the German Lyric Muse, having now at length, in her youngest incarnation, become decidedly political and practical, should quickly hearts to indite in a fluid of a more potent virtue, and more perilous concoction than ink. There were songs, also, and rare ones, sung at Paris, in the year of grace one thousand seven hundred and ninetystwo." DOLMAYS MAGAZINE. The Anecdotes of Louis XVIIL are concluded in this number, and albeit the writer is evidently one of the old regime who would fain exalt Louis into a-hero, y et the facts recorded by the King himself prove that he was un principled, selfish, cunning, and low. minded. In an in terview with the Emperor Alexander, at Mittau; in 1806, the Emperor said to him, " If God should prosper my arms, my ct.ief satisfaction will be to reconduct your Maj sty to France," to which Louis, who only a shot time bi , fore had written to Bonaparte, " I burn with impatience to restore peace to my people," rerlies, " Mine will consist in entering France under your auspices ; I hope everything from the bravery of your troops :" and yet on his return to France in 1814, in his very first interview with Talleyrand at ,Compeigne, he says, " I am anxious to be rid of the Allies." In the following passage of his journal he describes his sensations on hearing of his restoration:— " It were vain for me to attempt the expression of all that passed within me when my return to France was really de cided upon. I can well understand the joy which a mere citizen must experience at finding himself freed from politi cal ostracism, how far more intense, then, the feelings of an exiled and proscribed-king, who reascenes the noblest throne in the world; my transports of joy, which the due main • tainance of my dignity compelled me to restrain, were of such a nature, that in despite of all my philosophy, I could not but fancy that a monarch must be a being of a somewhat different order from a mere mortal. In short, for several days I was enabled to put faith in the proverbial expression, happy as a king!'" Surely such a mind was incapable of great ideas. It was the joy of a child over a new toy. Throughout his whole► career he hated and feared Louis Philippe, and if th,t re:►tly great man steered his course in safety through the perils of the Restoration, it was not because ever) , en deavour was not made, every intrigue was not resorted to to ensure his ruin. The interesting novel cf " The Coun tess Clemence" is continued, and Mr. Miles Gerald Keon commences a tale entitled " The Catholic Man of Letters in London," which promise's to be a severe casti gation of the new generation. A certain Reginald Rupert is the hero of the ta'e : "His ancestors had been Catholics ever. They flourished before Protestantism had a name, and scorned to belong to a church as ephemeral and more upstart than their own hou-e. The mighty religion that could boast of a pedigree more an cient than theirs, commanded the deep loyalty of their fer vent veneration, apart irom other cons►derations of intellec tual conviction, such as are not afforded by human churches, by national churches, by whimsical chuches." This peAsage is a curious illustration of the spirit of Catholicity. Love of aristocratical domination is per haps the real cause of many of the recent co :versions to that faith. SIMMONDS'S COLONIAL MAGAZINE. This miscellany preserves its character with much ability, discussing interesting matter about some of our most interesting colonies, awl does it moreover in a very interesting way. St. Helena, Prince of Wales Island, Canada East and West, Cape Colony, and the Sardwich Islands, are severally described by gentlemen very competent for the office of narration. A tale of Australia is continued by Mr. Leigh, ani the editor bims•elf contributes two sterling articles upon suzar, both as a natural production and as maaufaetured from maple. There is, ho ' , ever, one blemish about this num ber of the Colonial—and an intolerable blemish it is : we allude to a wonderfully silly " Suggestion for pro moting Emigration to the British Colonies," in which, for no ostensible or earthly purpose whatever, O'Con nell, Cobden, and W. J. Fox are introduced—we had almost said lugged in neck-and-crop —wi t h some sple netic remark about these three gentl emen " wa ll ow i ng in the mire, like the sow.'' Mr. Campb e ll h a d b e tt er be a little more cautious in what he pens for the future, or, at the least, not parade his name with such singular documents. Otherwise the articles are well selected. ASCENT OF THE WETTERHORN, The journals of Berne and Zurich recently announced, that the central peak of the Wetterhorn, one of the highest points of the Bernese Oberland (highlands), had been Ascended by a young Erelishalan, the son of Dr. Speer, an ascent hitherto unaceomplished, and by no means devoid of dangers and difficulties. We (11Ioniteur) have much pleasure in being ab'e to afford our rea lers the following personal narrative of this bold and hazardous enterprise : " The valley of the Grindelwald, situated in the heart of the Bernese Oberland, may, without any doubt, be regarded as the formidable rival of that famous locality, upon which the immense masses of the monarch of all European mountains raise their gigantic forms. Although the valley of the Grindelwald may have no reason to boost in the presence of Mont Blanc, it is, nevertheless, the iooality . around which the giants of the Alps are as sembled as to concert. " This valley is bound, on the south, by three moun tains, the highest of the whole chain, with the exception of Finsteraarhorn ; on the right, by the Bigger, or ' Great Giant t' in its centre are situated the 'Mitten berg ; and, on its left, the three summits of the Wetter horn' (Weather Peak). The first of the three, the Bigger, is 12,000 feet in height, the second 13,291 feet, and the last 13,184 feet above the level of the sea. 'Seen from the village of Grindelwald, they appear like a ice, knownn:hidhr : y d,u egat hnhwedt won derful succession of rocks, raising their lofty crests, almost perpendicularly, to an elevation of several thou sand feet. These immense black masses of mountain t w t h he ieh oN a o re se o as ve o r- f generallypcta are s , rpt scuerrdoe of crowned Grindelwald, the withe peaks plainsthemselves of snow a ; n whilst ice, h i ls iaectiienni intermediate the dai at b t t e i t u h n e d boundary valleys ry u o m f whichmt hi summits its ' 4c 4 tei l hn a ewt t i i ilv ` d ' i n of ' lower and higher gla ciers in separate the three mountains. Until late years, it was were inaccessible ; and yet, experiem-e had proved the contrary, as regards one of them, the Shret.khorn, or 'rerrorpesk,' which had been aFeended by three Swiss naturalists and their guide , after inn umera bl e dif icul. ties and dangers, They had left there an indisputable proof of their appearance, by planting a fl ;g, that I was at length able to discern, by the aid of a telescope. This egplolt is not yet believed amongst the guides and the ebtanioili-blititers of the Grindelwald. " This summit, until then =mended, of the great peak of the Wetterhorn, was nevertheless, an object of ambdon to me for several months - ; but, it was only on my arrival at Interlacken, that I set to work for the purpose of. Obteining information as to the possibility of my enterprise. Of the goidee who dwelt in the place, only two were good mountaineers, arid I learn . d from ono of these, that all the attempts to ascend the Wets • terhorn, frain Giintiewald. had been vain ; and that the only pos,ible plan was to amend to t4ritnsel, situated at an elevation of 6,570 feet upon the aoulhern inclination of the great chain, where we might find the most Its trepii and adventurous mountaineers of the Bernese Wierland, the men by whom the invincible Jungfrau was happily conquered some years ago. Acting, thertfore, upon the advice of this guide, whom I immediately en gaged, we set out from Interlacken, on Thursday, the 14th of Jul), at six o'clock in the morning, and ar ' rived at Carindewald. at ten o'clock. 1 had then CM) opportunity of satisfying myself respecting the informa tion I had obtained with regard to the guide. I found it ( xac t in e very particular, We consequently left Grielewald, the following morning, advaneing througii die great Schiedeck, passing at the f-et of the gia,ii-rs of Schwartawald and Rosenleni, and arrived at Niering,en, at eight o'clock at night, We again quitted ' this place, at an early hour on the following mdruieg, continuing our aspect above the valley of the Aar,.pass ing through the villages of Int, grand, Guttanem, arid by the celebrated cascade of Aar, to lian&cig, ginpe our departure from Meringen, we had been constantly mounting, as was shown by the large heaps of snow, and the numerous iseelenehes which - we found on our passage, and which retarded our progress disagrepebly THE UNION. enough. - • - This, the second number of this new candidate for " The vestiges of vegetation sensibly diminished in public favour; is an improvement on its predeceseor, proportion as we approached 'Grinasel; the Alpine rose, Equal to it in variety, it is superior to it i i the character alone, floerished in those wild regions, whilst iinFeense of its pa,p• rs. The first paper—" Shall Warren Hug,. !alien rocks, a few blackened pines, and the roaring of tings have a statue?"--is a wall-written, but sinnewli it oieuracrable mountain torrents bore a mdaocholy teeti unjustly-severe critique on the Indian G o vernment of ir , ny to the fury of the various elemeats by that (with all his faults) great man. The writer (lAA we were suri - trunded. On our arrival at Gritusel, that he is unworthy of a statue because lie engaged council of Aar WAS held between the 'host (an old and the Rollins war; but if the bring engaged in a ll L4lOl l lll mountaineer),eetaineer), three of m y gu id es , and myself, s e as ; is to be deemed a sufficient plea for d-nprivoig an l upon the weans to .he etgiploYed, as well as the possible otherwise ' , Teat man ef a statue, we, fear that the whole results of oar enterprise. It terminatcd f a vourably, sche me a s a ct o rnitig .the notries of Parliament -Nith Two of the in 1. couragr.ous guidf?s, I. lann, and G, t , statues must be itbandoued. (peed liana! le consented to accoua ian • 411 griogi ,d v ro wbuld bek me, and, as DUBLIN UIVIVERSITY MAGAZINE. Foremost among the articles in the Dublin University Magazine for February, is a review of " Carlyle's Crow well"--men adequately matched—the rugged self opinionaters of the pen and of the sword cheek-by jowl. It is interesting alone as a first specimen of Irish leniency towards the Protector, but its merit is deteriorated by sundry misgivings as to the excellence of the style of authorship created by the writer of these two powerful and noble volumes. What the reviewer thinks the bad ness of Carlyle as a book-man, is in our estimation his contrasts of especial go od ness ; we mean t h e d ens i t y o f his lan guage, the Richter-likehis thought,eleast of h the e ss b n o e l s d s and sudden and humanising etrirts of his logic. In these respects Thomas Carlyle is a vast arid wonderful 'e casts the stones ; l s tones of hi, irony at the ,juggernautsgernauts of history,''steat of .prostrating ohimsdf before them i n a d ora t l oi t ui • the stones which he thus hurls are as pornircus and ir resistible and crushing, as the fragrnetits of St , inbenge ; his tongue is ever eloquent with savage maledictions —but th e y are maledict ions u p on the godless and the despot ; his love La lavish a nd inten,e—bu t it is re • stricted to greatness, and to goo iness, arid to beauty ; his symbols are uncarveu and unpolished—but they are vivified with truth : his words are rude and barbsrsus, but they are honest. Hence his powers are singularly apportioned to the consideratio n of a " great earnest man" like Oliver Cromwell. Other than in the above exception. the reviewer is plain-spoken and judicious. With him, as with all diskissionste students o that great epoch of the great Oliver, the man stands forth a vindicated hero—" the world-great thing" of B ,glish history. No longer now does Cromwell loom opon US through the darkness of past days, under me , liums and epithets the most malign ; he stands before us the grand, solid bodiment of a man without strategies or subterfuge—a doer of large deeds—a thinker of large thoughts ; with probity of heart to back him ; a God lover and a man-lover after his rough, nervous way. The huge marble effigy of Cromwell, so to srsk, had been obscured with the incrustations of inimical and false reports. In chipping off these inerus'ations, and displaying that huge effigy us in very trots it was at first, Carlyle has acted nobly. Though we reverence the old adage de ;watts nil nisi bonum we cannot but say that this sixth collection of the poetic:4 re mains of Mrs. James Gray have no prodigious claims upon our estimation. Number-two of the '• Miscellanea Mystics," are singular eccentricities enough ; but inure enthralling to. us is •• A Peep ar the Mysteries of the Heidelberg Students:"—it is a prep worth some little trouble to obtain, and the descriptions are dashed off with agreeable • sprightliness. , Ot th© verses scattered through this number of the Dublin 17niversity, we would fain (but for our lack o;'spsce) transcribe those entitled " Ali Pacha and Eminah." there is a nerve rininimi through them that we like amazingly. The golden story about " The Poor Doctor," is simply done, but inculcates a moral, and is pieturesque withal s so also in some measure is the c,neiudilor portion of the " Captivity and Adventures of Joseph Pitts." A saga cious glance at " Servia—Her Revolution and Present State," and avert' superficial political summary on "The Late Crisis." form limits either way of this eioni number, which is, altogether, very read:tile, very en tertaining, and not wholly uninstructive. PRISON DISCIPLINE. The subject of prison discipline has, of late, under gone a great deal of what is called consideration and discussion in the Court and in the Committees of Alder men, and the crowded state of the City gaols has from time to time forced itself not only upon the attention of the City Magistrates, but of the Home-office, by the mere dint of its importance. The foliewirg statement embodies the views and opinions of' the opposers of the existing system, and of those who contend that the in • terposition of the Government, in the City gaol aff„irs, would be of injurious tendency not only as regards the privileges of the citizens of Linden, but as respects the improvement of the moral condition of society. It is admitted by the former, who constitute the mi nority in the Court of Aldermen, that of late years the establishment of the Central Criminal' Court, with its monthly sessions, and the power given to the Middles( x Magistrates of committing prisoners for trial at the Westminster sessions, have greatly reduced the numbers confined within the walls of Newgate, and so far have operated most beneficially upon the state of that prisen; but those partial improvements have struck far, very far short of the root of the evil. One of the City prisons, Giltspur-strcet Compter, affords a most impressive in stanee of the bad consequences which result from over crowding those receptacles of crime and reisforeme. Giltspur-street Compter was originally intended for City debtors, and if it had been confined to that purpose, was capable of affording toli rable accommodation ; but, in the year 1812, an Act of Parliament was obtait ed for building a debtors' prison in Whitt-cross-street, and ever since that period the GilEspur-street Coinpter has been used as a City house of correction, and also as a place of confinement for remanded prisoners, and for those who are committed for want of bail. The prison itself stands upon a site containing le ss than half an acre of ground, and the number of prisoners confined within its walls varies generally from 240 to 300, and sometimes even exceeds the latter number. By the new Building Act, no prison can now be erected upon an area of less than five acres, and this rule is ap plicable to provincial as well a s to metropolitan districts. Giltspur-street Compter, therefore, standing upon an area of less than half an acre, though it does not come under the provisions of the Act, which has no retrospec tive operation, is condemned by it as deficient in .he pro portion that less than half an acre bears to five acres, the smallest scale upon which the Legislature has de clared future prisons shall be built. If the only objection to small prisons, and the consequent overcrowding of prisoners, were the injury thereby ittflicted on the bodily health of that wretched portion of our fellow creatures, it would be a sufficient reason for correcting the defect. But the great evil is to be found not in its physical, but in its moral consequences. An iniury to the constitution from confined and unwholesome air would be bad enough, but here is an injury preying upon the mind, penetrating the heart and soul, and producing a moral contagion on the human subject which may be said to affect eternity itself. Want of room includes want of classification, and want of classification prevents anything like a remedial or beneficent spirit from mingling with the severity o f our criminal laws. Far from encouraging, or facilitating, or indeed permitting the return of a young offender to virtue, it shuts the door of repentance for ever in his face by placing him in the society, and as it were under the instruction of the most experienced practitioners in every species of enormity. The child eho has committed a first offence, the adult who has arrived at the full maturity of crime, and the veteran more hardened by his vices than his years, who seems to take a pride in the empire of wickedness, are all huddled together, breathing the same tainted atmosphere, and assimilating with a sort of ma lignant rivalship to the worst specimen amongst thtm. Such is the state of that part of the prison known as the Compter, where prisoners untried and of course uncon victed, and possibly innocent, are associated with some of the most depraved characters on the face of the earth; but bed as this division of the prison is, the other divi sion, now known as the house of correction for the city of London, is by many &grecs a orse. Here are to be seen in the same room from fifty to sixty male pris n ers of all ages, and of almost all degrees of criminality siting together, closely packed on benches, picking oakum. The most disgusting conversation is continu ally going forward; the most revolting levity pervades the whole demoralised and demoral,siiig mass, and the wretch who might, in the first instance, have been sent there for some slight offence, soon finds the sort of school he has been introduced to, and there treasures up lessons and forms connexions, well calculated to fit him for the mischievous career which society may be said to have destined and fitted him to run. Immediately- above this den of infamy stands the treadmill, on which a similar number of persons are kept constantly at work, and there, as in the oakum room, their intt rcourse with each other is perfectly unrestrained and their conversation distinguished by the same reckless disregard of all de cency and order. The sleeping apartments are over crowded in the same manner, and the same want of classification and arrangement, proceeding from the same cause, is ob,ervable in the wretched wards devoted to rest and forgetfulness. Such is rho information, and such are the opinions gathered from those who view with indignation and contempt the civic gaol system. They call for a remedy for so monstrous a state of things. They say the neglect is inexcusable, not only because the evils resulting from it are so formidable, but because the remedy is so palpable to the slightest consideration, and so obviously within the reach of the civil authorities. To erect a house of correction adequate to the wants of the city of London, would, they assert, require an area of from five to tea acres, and if a prison of such ext'nt were built they would hope to see a proper classification of pri.;cn ers enforced and the working of a system of prison dis cipline calculated, not only to punish, but to reform those who become amenable to its , regulations. The gentlemen who eansid.er the above description as a mere picture reflected from a diseased imagination, which "sees more devils than all hell can hold," inva riably condemn and discourage allusions to the Giltspur street Compter. In the Court of Aldermen, at any rate in the presence of the members of the press, if we may judge from the newspaper reports of the business trans acted there, where hints have been, from time to time, thrown out expressive of a suspicion that improvement is unattainable without the means of affecting classification, a general murmer is heard, and a peremptory reference is made to the Gaol Committee, in which " profound" it is doomed to repose until some new occasion arise, or some new member, uninstructed in the ways of the Court, is shocked at the horrible reality, and speaks what he thinks. It haQ, however, been sometimes the case that a plump denial has been given to all charges of bad arrangement and management in the prison, fol lowed up by a high compliment to those by whose judg ment and assiduity the reform has been brought to per fection, and by a sneer at the menaced interference of a Secretary of State with the functions of the magistrates of the City of London. THE BRITTON TESTIMONIAL. We stated some time ago that, at the suggestion of Mr. Britton, the amount subscribed was to be expended in obtaining (by competition) and printing, an essay on the study of archte , .;logical literature. This, however, being strongly objected to, was afterwards abandoned. La the e'Siiirse of a correspondence on the subject, Mr. Da''. son Turner suggested, that instead of an a• chpe.ilo gical essay, it should be a full history of Mr. Brition's lift., as exemplified by his works. In a letter to Mr. Britton, he remarked : " In such an essay you would speak of the events of your life : of your friends and patrons, now most of them dead ; of the artists you emplayed ; of the emi nent persons you were brought in the way of, and of the difficulties, pleasures, and annt•yanccs that attended, soothed, and embittered your career ; and you a necdotes. would intersperse the narrative with a thousandm You may thus make a charming b would otherwi'e perish with Yo u, invalu ablewfouladtedroialsthat and d k o good in your generatio n b y the example you would held out." The committ ee concu rr ing in this view. Mr. Britton undertock to devo te tn his le t tile preparation f subscrip tions such a work, and expend d heamount its he accompanied planting an byn embellishment. a engraved portrait of th e au thor by Mr. C. E. Wagstaff, from a b eau tif u l p i cture ex pressly executed for the pu r p ose b y M r. John Wood, it will in and a selection of the en grav i ngs which have illustrated d Mr. Britton's works will be appended, in order to elucidate the general style of their embel lishments. It will bo printed in royal octavo; and a few copies in demy quarto will be prepared for the subscribers of 31. and upwards. Copies in imperial quarto will be presented to distinguished individuals, and to the national libraries of England, France, Prussia, &C.—The Builder A letter from Guadeloupe, of the 23d ult.. says " The earth is again beginning to quake. On the 17th, at about two in the morning, we had two short but very sharp shocks; if they had lasted a little longer, we should have had another Bth of February. They were the strongest shocks we have had since that catastrophe. Every body was much alarmed. The walls of the prison are cracked, and those of the barracks are injured. On the 19th there were some slight shocks, but no injury was done. The Hon. Mrs. Southwell, of Bellevue Villa, Bath wick Hill, who died on the 16th inst, has, by her will, left the following liberal bequests :—To the Bath United Hospital, 200 L; to the Hospital and Infirmary, Bath, 200/. ; to the Monmouth-street Society, 2001. ; to the Bath Local Com mitttee of the National Benevolent Institution, 501. ; to the Strangers' Friend Society in Bath, 50/. • and to the Charit able Society, for the relief of Lying-in Women in Bath, 50/. Bath Paper We have received a communication from Earl De Grey, in which he states that "neither Mr. Gladstone, nor any friend on his behalf, had made any application to him, or as far as he knows to any elector of the borough of Ripon," and, therefore, it is not correct that he had refused to allow him to sit for that place. The terms in which Earl De Grey has thought proper to convey this intimation are such that we cannot give publicity to letter.—Chronicle. ; ,,i,,, n to the A NEW VENTILATOR.—Dr. Aldis, PhY. --- , - depier" 4, lower vitiated and to the Surrey Dispensarv, tions of the lower vitiated state of the air in the h la.atboirtjifor windows, cheap classes, has contrived a new ventsierviceable. At this rand of simple, which promises to l t e )e to 0 k d pen the windows, and the usually fi Du rba x e u rnEkoDuke OF RICHMOND ON ti i o n n consists of a of the year the poor eaml .. t wi l, ,th., without producing per the object is to bring " Tie: in fra q u u l e e s , the outer face eept smallib I p e a n e e u o r r f a g n ti ares . i openings; these communicate with a. of which either perforated fo t r h a e t e t a w w o i tuprightsmall curved in the frame, cur hvfoulotivatotirn side.—The Builder. holes on the under asserted in the House of Lords, on Monday i i w sid i hl d enisnoo ti Enf a g t ei t r) i POOR RATES. The evening, that the pool rate pressed so heavy on the farmers, t h a t •• one of his tenants alone paid more in poor rate than the whole of the League put together h" About three years ago, we know that the Messrs. Marshall of this in Holheck alone. Which of the Duke of Richmond's te nants, we wonder, pays as much as the twentieth part of this araoluit in annual poor rate ?—Lieds Times. 7. ,pa be e wou ld ide actideil :Nod' put bf fot 0 13 qfter of g,'": uichw; be o°4- "L. s.se. v;. '. 5 6 -----' A , - 2 .19 0 1 1,9 3 ! 3, 94 ' 1,713 Ts.