The Sun. — London, England, 1823-07-29 00:00:00

TBIE SUN. aor.raff ours orcenr. f.itsum 4111.1D,EAD LONDON, TURSDAY, JULY 24, 1823. We have, in our front page, given copious extracts from the Foreign Journal►, including toresting articles relative to the state of affairs in s,pain and Portugal. Amongst them is the French account of the sortie by the garrison of Cadiz ; but although even that account only proves the resolution :and activity of the Constitutional troops, we 'have been made so well acquainted with the quality of the French statements, by the Bulletins of Marshal ritonicaY, that we leek with eagerness for the arrival of the Spanish accounts of the actions before Cadiz, in the'confident expectation that they will prove that the Prena suffered severely from the determined attacks which they were compelled to sustain. With respect to the in telligence from Lisbon,—we are desirous of saying as little as possible relative to the affairs of Portugal, until we see what sort of a Constitu tion is to be presented to that country, and until the war in Spain. has been brought to an issue.--- It is impossible, however, to pass over unnoticed a curious part of the speech of Count PA utt ELLA ) in which he says it is desirable that the nature of the Government of Portugal should approximate as much as possible to that of the other Euro pean Powers, and that in fact it is necessary that all the European States should bear a political resemblance to each other. Does the Count mean an approximation to the Constitution of England, —to that of France,—or to the kind of Go vernment established at Vienna, Berlin, and St. Petersburgh ? And, if a political affinity is to be created between all those Governments, which of them are to undergo the necessary mo difications ? Is England to adopt the French Charter, or to place herself under the sway of an absolute Monarch ?' Or, are France and - the great Powers of the Holy Alliance to adopt the Constitution of England ? PALMELLA seems to have indulged in a reverie ! The Lisbon Mail has brought us letters and papers from Vigo up to the 3d July, which, though of a date long anterior to the operations in that quarter on which all eyes are now directed, are still valuable, as shewiug the spirit which the treachery of Mottn.Lo has excited throughout the Provinces. The addresses of several Political Chiefs which have been transmitted to us, breathe nothing but ar dent patriotism, and indignation against Mo- LtILLO. We have translated ►hat of the Chief of Orense as a specimen. That of the Political Chief of Vigo, dated July 2, commences, " Citi zens, the strange conduct of the Count de CAR.. TIIAGENA, in abandoning the cause of his country, if he has caused me the strongest disgust, has, at the same time, afforded me the satisfaction of witnessing your noble sentiments, and the indig nation which it has excited in you." The Chief of Corunna protests," in the face of the nation, that he swore to the Constitution or death, and that be will seal his oath with his blood." We have received Cadiz Papers to the Bth instant, sad subjoin an outline of their contents, of which the proceedings of: the Cortes form the most important part : In the Sitting of the oth, the election of a new President took place. Senors Zu LIT ET A and GAL ttioto had most votes on the first'nomination, but on the final ballot the former 1145 chosen by 68 votes out of 86. Senor TOP4AS was chosen Vice- President, and Senor N.AVAII.IIO TEJEIIIO, Secretary. 111 . 0 President stated, that the subject for discussion was the report of the-committee on the proposition of Senor NAVARRO, for the suspension of some of the forms prescribed by the Con stitution. The report of the Committee was in the form of a decree consisting of nine articles. The first eight relating to the suspension of several articles of the• Constitution, and limit ing that suspension to several cases, as well as to the districts declared to be in a state of war, were after a short debate agreed to. The ninth article is in the following terms :—" Finally, the provision made by article 30E of the Constitution is sus pended." In the Committee Senor CASTESON, one of its members., bad objected to this article, and the report had for an appendix his particular vote in these terms :—" To my infinite regret I cannot accede to the Opinion of the CoMmittoe with regard to the proposed suspension of article 306 of the Constitution, be causal do . not believe that the tenor of the said article is cont. prehended in the forms referred to in article 308." In order to the right understanding of the question, it is ne cessary to state,tliat the articles of the constitution provisionally suspended by the first eight articles of the report (which are contained in Title V. Chapter 3d,, on the administration of jus tice in criminal affairs) relate to the forms of proceeding in cases of arrest. The article 308, which is held to sanction their suspension, is the last .in the chapter. It provides that " in extraordinary circumstances, should-the safety of the state in all or any of its parts require the suspension of any of the forms prescribed in this chapter . for the arrest of delinquents, the Cortes have power to decree such suspension for a certain period." Article 306, to the suspension of which Senor Castejon ob jected, declares " that no • house belonging 'to any Spaniard shall be forcibly entersdi cceptinthose eases'which the law may determine for the good order and safety-of the state." Several Deputies, and among others Arguelles, concurred in objecting to the article, on account of the forict in which it was expressed. The Secretary of State for Grace and Justice proposed a mo dification, to the effect that the houses of Spaniards might be entered in the cases, during the time, and in the districts re ferred to in the first and Second of the preceding eight articles. In this shape the article waa agreed to, and the whole report adopted. The Cortes next proceeded to the consideration of the Report of A Committee on the proposition of Senores Genet, Santos Saute; and Varella, for allowing neutrals to carry the produce of the Isle of Cuba the same as Spanish ships, on paying a duty of 4 per cent. as a license for the flag. The Committee recommended the adoption of the following draught of a decree:— " Art. I. During the present war, and until two months after the publication of peace in the respective ports. trading is permitted between the Peninsula and adjacent islands, and the transmarine provinces, in foreign vessels under a friendly or neutral P.m. " 2. The cargoes which they may carry shall pay the duties established for the Spanish vessels, with the addition of 4 per cent. for qualifying the Ilag. " 3. Outward cargoes shall pay to the respective custom. houses the regular duties, notwithstanding the provisions of Art. 18 of the tariff regulations of the 29th December, 1821. " 4. The provisions of the preceding articles are to be under stood without prejudice to anterior decrees of the Cones of 31st of January and the 26th of June of the present year." Arguelles said it would be with much regret if he objected to this report in the present circumstances, but he hoped that means would be found to counteract, in some measure, the injury which such an innovation was calculated to inflict on the remains of Spanish commerce. The Finance Minister observed, that the naval force which France had stationed on the coasts of the Peninsula rendered the proposed measure not only useful, but absolutely necessary. After several other Deputies had spoken, it was resolved that there was ground for voting on the whole of the Reports but the question on its final adoption was deferred until a subse quent sitting. In the course of the debate, Senor Adan asked whether the Government had knowledge of an order of the French Minister of Marine, intimating that hostilities were not to be directed against Spanish commerce? The Secretary of Finance said the Government had as yet received no official notice of the order alluded toby Senor Man, but he could declare that he himself had seen quite the con trary conduct. He had seen French cruisers make Spanish merchantmen put back from the port, and even disarm them, which was the same thing as giving them up to the pirates. Even before the war commenced, the Velar. Mariana, a ship which was private property, was captured. From the shipping lists in the Cadiz Papers, it appears that the French blockade is quite inefficient. Vessels of all nations, French excepted, daily enter. On the sth no less than 40 sail, chiefly laden with provisions, arrived. Among them is men tioned " the English brig Leopold, from Guayaquil, with cocoa ;" and the announcement of this arrival is accompanied by the following note :—" As this brig was standing in, one of the French men of war hailed her in order to overhaul her, to which, however, she paid no attention, and the Frenchman gave chase and fired four guns at the brigantine, but found it impossible to come up with her. On entering the bay the brigantine neared the coast of Puerto, from the castle of which the French also fired some cannon, but still without doing the least injury to the brigantine, which entered safe and sound, thus frustrating and covering with ridicule the French skill in seamanship and artillery." A decree of the Cones, dated July 2, deprives such Spaniards as still adhere to the enemy of all the rights and guarantees to which they would be entitled by the Constitution. The anniversary of the 7th of July, the day on which the insurrection of the Guards was defeated, was celebrated with great solemnity. The Especlador of the 2d contains the follow ing information on the state of Portugal:— " The passengers who arrived yesterday by the steam-boat give a most melancholy picture of the state of Lisbon. The merchants are confounded and mortified. The army, which suffered itself to be seduced to destroy the liberty of the country, is in 'a state of complete insubordination, and every thing announces that the revolution in Portugal is now only about to begin. " At present three parties are distinguishable—namely, the Constitutionalists, the Absolutists, and a middle party, which may be called that of the Padilcators. It appears that the Minister Palmella leads the last. The Queen and the In fanta Don-Miguel direct the second. As for the King, he is a mere cipher, and his late conduct has lost him the favour of all parties. • . " Some of the Deputies of the Cortes are thrown into pri son others have fled. The Colonels of most of the regiment s have been changed, t iut the soldiers refuse to recognise these new carrananderi, and insist on the restoration of their old ones. In fine, their insubordination has reached such a height, that the partisans of despotism publicly declare that they cannot depend on the troops, and it is necessary to call in a foreign army. Such is the quiet and peace which the Portuguese have obtained from those who told them that there could be no tranquillity while the Constitution existed ! Such would be the picture which Spain would present were the Government to be dissolved, and our enemies to carry their intentions into effect!" Various letters have been received this morn ing from Cadiz, particularly one of the 9th inst., which describes that city to be in the highest spirits, and they entertain sanguine hopes of com pelling the French to raise the blockade. Pro visions are there in abundance, and very cheap. Three very large American ships, in de fiance of the blockade by the French squadron, laden with flour, have entered the port. The military force consists of 15 thousand regulars, besides which a numerous body of militia and volunteers, consisting in the whole of 25,000 men in arms. Another sortie was expected to take place. General LOPEZ Bows is going to be tried by a Court-martial, for having abandoned 20 pieces of artillery, which fell into the hands of the French, without being spiked. Private letters from Paris describe the French cavalry in Spain the most superb that France ever had, bat the infantry are just the reverse, and are becoming heartily sick of the moun tainous warfare. French scrip has been done this morning at par to s Premium. We yesterday gave, in u Second Edition, an unqualified assurance that our Government had no information which could induce them to be lieve that a resolution had actually been formed to withdraw the French army to the northern side of the Ebro. One of our contemporaries has gone much further than we have, and has asserted that the alleged intention to retrograde to the Ebro " is without foundation !" Now, this positive contradiction to the original story appears to us to be as unworthy of credit as the statement which it impugns, and to be infinitely more absurd ; for it is impossible that an authentic contradiction could he any where obtained, ex cept from the French Ministry or from the Duke d'AtfoouLENE; and there is no knowu mode of conveyance by which communica tions on the subject could have been in terchanged between London and Madrid, or be tween London and Paris, in the short space of time intervening from Saturday night to Monday forenoon ! There is, however, reason to think, that our Contemporary founds his disbelief of the intended retreat to the Ebro on these considera tions, as stated by himself :-Ist. That " Every preparation is making by the French Ge'vern ment to prosecute the war with increased vigour ;" and, 2dly, that " The fortresses in Spain are becoming more closely invested, and the moment that the necessary, artillery can be brought up, the blockading forces will attempt their reduction !"—But all this may be true ; and yet the French Government may nevertheless have resolved on withdrawing the invading army to the Ebro; and it may all be be very true ;—and yet the, Duke d'ANaouLEmE may soon be com pelled to retrograde to the Ebro, whether he will or no !—For, Ist, The " prosecution,of the war with increased ,vigour," on the part of the French, must surely be necessary, if, as the very last ac counts have stated, the Cortes are as determined as ever not to listen to overtures for an accom. modation with the foreigners! It is not, how- ever, necessarily the most 46 vigorous" way of carrying on the war, for the French to spread their troops all over Spain, where they are in momentary danger of being cut to pieces; and their concentration on the Ebro, therefore, may be a requisite preliminary to the com mencement of vigorous and really effective operations against the numerous fortresses and other places of strength which the French have had the imprudence to leave in their rear. 2dly, When our contemporary says that " the fortresses In Spain are becoming more closely invested," wen pprehend that he only means to say that it is intended to render the invest ment of some of them more close; for on the very day when his assertion was made, it was announced by the French Ultra Papers that it had become necessary to relinquish the opera tions against Barcelona,—on that very day it was ascertained that General Botinck had been obliged to withdraw his troops from within can non shot of Corunna,---and on that very day it was announced that the garrison of. Cadiz had made a powerful sortie with 9000 men !- 3dly, It is true that it has been for some time known that the French have been mak ing exertions to bring up their heavy ar tillery with the view of attemptin g the reduce tion of some of the Spanish fortresses ; but it is very well known that these efforts are directed towards fortresses on the north side of the Ebro; and therefore this part of the statement is in no way contradictory of the alleged determination to make a grand retreat to that river. In fact, we do not know of any one fortress, south of the Ebro, which is invested, except Corunna and, Cadiz; and therefore, when it is considered that the assailants have been repulsed and virtually beaten at Corunna, and that the force before Cadiz is acknowledged to be utterly insuffi cient for its reduction, the assertion that " the fortresses in Spain are becoming more closely invested evidently cannot refer to them!' —All these circumstances, therefore, rather strengthen the probability that a retreat to the Ebro is either already intended, or will soon become indispensable. The truth is, that the French, in presumptuous reliance on their own strength, on the fallacious premises of the Royalists, and on the purchased defection of some of the principal Constitutional Comman ders, have penetrated throughout Spain, in de fiance of all the dictates of military precaution. , By leaving the strong fortresses in their rear un subdned, and by leaving Aims. to make an abso lute play-thing of the army of Marshal MoNcEY, they have literally done nothing to convince the Constitutionalists of their military superiority ; but on the contrary have afforded them the most abundant proofs that the national troops are every way competent to contend with the enemy, when their leaders are faithful to their oaths.- 1 If they had advanced more cautiously, and more surely,—if they had been satisfied with retaining the position of the Ebro, until Pampeluna and St. Sebastian had fallen,—if they had, in like manners employed a sufficient force effectually to clear Catalonia, Arragon, and Navarre,and to re duce these fortresses, their eventual success, even although these operations had occupied them a whole campaign, would have been more certain, and indeed almost secure. After the fame of I these exploits, and after the solid increase of power and security which would have been their results, enabling them to advance and to ex tend their operations with their whole force, then, indeed, the defection of Monter.o' would most likely have placed Gallicia in their hands without a blow ;—and then, indeed,! the treason of ABISBAL might have been fatal to the Spanish cause ! To retire to the Ebro, and to try to accomplish these operations, which should have been their first care, would even yet, perhaps, be the best and wisest thing the French could do,—if it be now in their power to retire to the Ebro with safety!--But to remain in their present situation, or to attempt a re treat, seem to be nearly equally dangerous!— In the latter case, they must pass through a country, every field of which would teem with armed men thirsting for their blood, and scatter ing vengeance and death amongst them at every step,--in their front, on their flanks, and in their rear ; and they must lay their account with excit ing a ferment in France itself, (for the sake of whose tranquillity we have been told that this unholy war was undertaken), which may pa ralyze the vigour of France at a moment when her utmost energies would be necessary for her own safety ! We have always suspected that the design of the illustrious MINA, in hovering over the French frontier, was to make a dash into France, with the tricolor standard, in the event of any important blow being struck at the' French army in the 'interior of Spain. The treason or some of his Military Colleagues has hitherto disappointed the hopes and frustrated the grand design of that patriotic Chieftain. — According to yesterday's accounts, however, he is again in the rear of Marshal MONCEY with nine thousand men, and is again threa tening the frontier by his mysterious move ments ! Any serious disaster to the French at Madrid or in Andalusia, or their flight from those dangerous positions in which they are now placed, might, and, as we strongly suspect, would, be followed by a movement on the Pot of MINA, which might soon render it necessary for the whole of the French army to return in to France! If our observations on the preceding. subject are disagreeable to the friends of the French Go vernment, they must thank their own favourite and favoured newspaper for having given rise to so very delicate a discussion, by its extraordinary statement of last Saturday. The prayer for defence against our friends was never breathed with more propriety than it may now be put up by the French G overnment. If they had had the good luck to prohibit the Courier instead of the Sun, and if they could have rendered their prohibition efOcacious, they would have prevented the appearance of an Eng lish paper in France, which, although - sufficiently zealous in the servic e of despotism and' the in quisition, has been guilty of the unaccountable folly of prematurely announcing the utter dis comfiture of its patrons, and of sending forth an article, with all the solemnity of a French demi-official annunciation, than which nothing almost could be better calculated to excite insurrection in France itself!—The writer of the present article was the very first, in this country, that endeavoured to rally the spirits of the friends to the repose of Europe, in the moment of universal dismay occasioned by the appalling return of BUONAPARTE from Elba to Paris, and was the first, —while all other pub lic journalists, amazed and confounded •by the suddenness and by the successful rapidity of the Usurper's march, looked on the prodigy as an operation of Providence intended to baffle the schemes of Cabinets, and to a nnihilate the hopes of mankind, —wino endeavoured to prove, and succeeded in proving, that NAPOLEON was not indebted for his seeming triumh to the' sup port or to the favourable dispos p itions of the French, ration, and who therefore predicted, downfal from that and giddypred elevationictedtruly,taltios.hsii:eheldiey had rebound d from his first fall ! The same hand wr o te the e recent articles in this paper which have proved so offensive to the Ministers.,of the restored French Bourbons! We were then inintictli to unprin cipled iefopte,4tiod.tei:rde:Argedirsigii,tsdohritefteirtgsixa a n dßos 1 00 t i eitm.alepeoi,}etails:rlt:yeeritesochaseitne princi('i~ rd f s of launlanit}, au' l of civilized The French Government, therefore, by' ender souring ; t Tux Sun, has done what it " li to excluehdioeieldnallyyr addressing friend, it i whose u t o h n e l y wholesome o u s o w rn a e s g o t t I tr u ' il a a i e s t n e da d o a l y enemy, done i or t given every facility w to hi t k h ' e at in t t h : e od s u a c m t e io t n ili o le f 'ait has :or earselves, b m y or h e is in j i a n r y y ri t t i d ia e n nc a e l , l i adversaries couldohfavaef i r t i l e fi t i l e d te s d ti stillupon rietwit t isn a oa n li g tyiel e at r r, d as o a i rr u i s yut ; which has drawn down upon if the daily and rapid increase of our circulation be the consequence of having pursued a line of con ductwe have only further to say, that u s the prohibi tion of France, we owe our hearty t h an ks to those who have conferred upon us that mark of their e THE DUCHY OF BRUNSWICK. BRUNSWICK, JULY 3.—His Majesty the KING Of GREAT BRITAIN, iu his quality of Guardian to our young Duke, has issued the following PROCLAMATION. ." in our Letters Patent of the . 15th of July, 1815, in which we publicly announced that we had taken upon us the guar. .dienship of our beloved Cousin the Duke Charles of Bruns wiWand Luneburg, we made no mention of the duration of die . ardianship thereby assumed , because ' we desired first s 7" .. acquainted with the existing laws, conventions, and customs relative to , this subject, and to fix the duratioh ear government asiguardian according to them, and to the ' , ltyse interest of our Ward, and of his hereditary dominions. -'llle careful researches set on foot with this view having con vinced uithit the line of the majority of .the Dukes of Bruns wick Luneburg is not so positively fixed by conventions or by custom, as to exclude the exercise of our own judgment ; and as when we took upon us to govern the State of Brunswick in the character of 0 uanlian,we could only intend to retain it so long an should be absolutely necessary for, the good of those limits and their Prince, imd as we may now hope that our much beloved Cousin, D'ulte Charles of Brunswick-Luneburg, after the careful education which he has enjoyed, will now be . able to take upon himself the burthen of the Government of these emintries, to which, he is called by Divine Providence, so 1 as to_ promote the true welfare and happiness of these countries. •For mcse reasons, and in order that any measures that may he necessary may be prepared in time, we do not hesitate to de clue by these presents, that on the 30th day of October this yen, being the 20th birth-day of our Cousin Dtike Charles of lirunswick-Ltineburg, we shall lay down the Government of the stato of Brunswick, and deliver it into the hands of our said Cousin, as reigning Duke. ... ~' " Dared Carlton-House, June 6, 1823- • His frighness the Duke is at preient at Vienna.--44ilge .9iciee .Zeitung, July 18.) THE CREEKS. The, ate accounts from Greece are very fa vourable to the cause of freedom, and the expectations of the Mends of the Greeks are much more sanguine than before.— 'rbe Executive Government under Alavrocortlato has • been Chang an d several of the Military Chiefi have been admitted. • • Pet ro, whose gallant conduct has done so much for his nation, is now at the head of the Executive Government in Greece, and Illavrocordato, the late President, has accepted, with pleasure, the situation of Secretary for Foreign Affairs under , him. An Administration has thus been formed, which combines the intelligence and liberal opinions of the late Go. vertu/Ault with the energy and influence of the Military Chiefs; and h ' yleach co-operat ion the best results may be expected.— Heretofore the separate commands of the several Obiefs in Greece, in many instances without any controul from the Ce»- trill Government, rendered the efforts to expel the Turks of less effect, and the cause of freedom consequently suffered.— The Representative Constitution which the Greeks have in Congress adopted, will give confidence to the people, and the union of operation will ensure better success to their armies, to each of which officers have been appointed by the Executive Government. When such noble'efforts have been made for two years past by the Greeks, under all the disadvantages they have had to contend with, it may be reasonably expected that the new Go. vernment will'give greater energy and effect to all their opera. tions. The Greeks have received with the greatest satisfaction the declaration of .111 r. Canning, that orders had been sent to the British ships of war in Greece to respect those ports actually in blockade by the Greeks, and it is to be regretted that these orders had not been sooner given. The Greeks assert that Patras and the few sea-ports now in possession of the Turks would have been starved out long ere this, if the British and Austrian ships had not, under protection of their navy, carried in supplies of provisions. The strnggle of the Greeks is at the present most momen ums, ss the Turks, after great preparations of six or eight nimbi, have sent out a very numerous fleet with troops to fall upon Candia, or some other island, there to repeat the'butcher *us Scene.of destruction of Scio ; and although the bravery .and enterprise of the Greek fle e t in th e two past years give just ground to believe that they will do all that men can do, yet the struggle with such unequal forces cannot be contemplated by the .friends of tireece without serious alarm. If success should on this occasion crown the efforts of the Greek fleet, the friends of Greece may then anticipate with con. Pence the' independence of the Greeks. 7a . rtman Account of the DINWER given to the BIARQUIS Of RA 11'11(410, MOO the Fourth Page. PRICE OF STOCKS 'MS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. India Stock India Bonds 68s. 60s. South Sea Stock Old Annuities 4.4 E. Bills Ditto Small Bank for Act. India for Con. Acct. Cons. forAcc.fili 80ii3iigia auk atock ____ ..._ _ 3..... PO' Cent. fled. 81 pO Cent. Cons. aq i 3 C Per Cent. 4 per Cent. { Old New 991 1 . 4 per Cents. 1797 Ilanki4ongA . 2 oli I Lnp. 3,per (,:a n ts PRICE or rortntoN STOCKS ew LONDON, JULY 29, AT ONE O'CLOCK. 'Freed' 1 i Five pi r Cents. 00. 1, Scrip, i per. {Six per Cents. 00. Five per Cents. (Metallic) 06. Ditto New 83t. Five per Cent. Bonds, 00. Five per Cents. (Metallic) 00. Five per Cent. Bonds, 1820, 00. Spanish • Ditto 1821, 33d. Ditto 1822, 00. Prussian I Five per Cent. Bonds, 00. 1. Ditto New, 84i. Danigh Fi ve per Cent. Bonds, 88, Chill 69. CoKmibian Six p t Cent. 'Bonds, 62. Peruvian • New Loan, 00. Bank Shares „t." 21 6s. Seven per Cont. 94. American Six per Cali. s.Y2 —99. Five per Cent. 96-10. Three per Cent. 68. -......- J~auian Neapolitan ortolan ' 'PRICE OP IRISH STOCK, JULY 26. }lath Stock , '249 Onind Cloud Loan, 4 ti.CL. floc. Deb. lb Per cent ' .Ditto 6 per cent.... Stock, Ili per et fln ----Ditu)Stock tlov. Dal. 4 per cent. Royal Canal Stock tio v. Deb. 6 per ftrA --Stock, 4 per cent .14 Do. Deb. with O ov . S ec .... ----New: ..., ..... ... Ai Pipe Water Deb. S per et. Treamury•lhibi, 5 per oent — Do. 6 per cent. City Debentureit, b per ct —' ;Ballast Office Govt. Sec. loula in'llespital 4 per - et.. , 5 per cent. Exchange on London, July 25, IL WATAR ter LND(it Morning, lii niinnteat after 6. 1 BRIDGE TO-MORROW. Evening, 41 minutes after