The Sun. — London, England, 1846-12-29 00:00:00

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T RANSIT FOR THE MILLION. NORWICH F.CONOMICCONVEYANCE COMPANY,, NEW ZEA.LAND. The following letter, fronVthe Under-Secretary of State fOr the Colonies, has 'bee'n received, with in structions, &c., subjoined, by •Oe secretary of the New Zealand Company : :(Begistefed Provisionally,) For the conveyance of passengers and small parcels to and from all parts of the city and its environs, at stated intervals during . the clay, at twopence each ; with power of extension to other towns in Norfolk and Suffolk, upon the principle of the companies already formed in London, Liverpool, Manchester, Birkenhead, &c., &c:: Capital 200,00'1., divided into 40,000 shares of 61. each. Deposit lid. per share, being all the Aet of Parliament allows to be taken upon shares of this amount. The Company is to be considered formed when 20,000 shares are subscribed for. Directors to be chosen from the shareholders. The call on complete registration not to exceed os. per share. No shareholder to be liable beyond the amount of his shares. ART -UNION of LONDON. Established 1837. Incorporated by Royal Charter, 10th Victoria, 1846. Plasma NT. -- 1119 Royal Highness the Duke of CAMBRIDGE. `ICI} PRESIDENTS. The Most Noble the Marquis of Northampton, P.R.S. The Right Hon. the Lord Prudhoe. Illut Right Hun. the Lord Monteagle. Constcm. The Right Ron. the Earl of Azu'. T. Charles Harrison, Esq , F.R.S. dal and Surrey. John Auldjo, Esq., F.R.S. Edward Hawkins, Esq., F.ll S. Charles Barry, Esq., ILL. P.S.A. Thos. Roll, Esq., F.A.S. Henry Hayward, Esq. John Britton, Esq.. F.S.A. Henry Thomas Hope, 'Esq. ae• B. Cabbell, Esq., M.P. 1.R.5., William Loaf, Esq. ....Treasurer. William C. Macreody, Esq. „....71 , 6 Rey. Edward Coleridge. Thos. P. Matthew , Esq. Collard, Esq. he Rev. H. H. Milman. Robert Dickson, Esq., M.D. F.L.S. Richard Morris, Esq. Charles John Dimond, Doi, ohn Noble, Esq., F.S.A. George Dodd, Esq., M.P. Lewis Pocock, Esq., F.S.A. Atiomas L. Donaldson, Esq. Mr. Sergeant Thompson, F.S.A. ?he Lord Bishop of Ely. R. Zouoh S. Troughton, Esq. Ewart, Esq., M.P. Samuel Wilson, Esq., Alderman. Colonel Fox, M.P. Edward Wyndham, Esq. John S. Gaskoin, Esq. Thomas Wyse, Esq., M.P. 15 •0. Godwin, Esq., P.R.S. F.S.A. The Council have much satisfaction in announcing to the pub lic Mat the Charter granted under the Act passed in the last session of Parliament has received the great seal, and that the Art-Union of ,London is now a corporate body, with all the rights and privileges litereto belonging. The Council feel assured that, the Society being thus placed on a win and permanent basis, a great extension of its beneficial opera tions will result, and that many will be induced to oin who have been hitherto deterred by doubts of its legality or permanency ; while the Council, feeling that the existence of the Society is no l eitger precarious, will be authorised to make all such prospective arrangements as may be desirable ; and it will be their anxious en deavour so to apply the means at the Society's disposal as to carry Wt in the most effectual manner the great objects it has in view— the dissemination of a knowledge and love of art, the improvement Qf MO general taste, and the consequent elevation of the tine arts and Ittetr professors. The scheme of prizes for the present year will embrace, in addi tin to the usual proportion of works, to be selected by the prize- Cuts in Bronze, from an original figure of " Iris Ascending," iltade expressly for the Society, by Mr. W. B. Kirk. Casts in Iron, from a reduced copy by Mr. Nixon, of a figure of Thalia, In the British Museum. Statuettes In Porcelain, from an original figure called " Info "woe," made expressly for the Society, by Mr. J. H. Foley ; and Medals in Silver, by Mr. W. Wilson, commemorative of Flax , n, in continuation of the series already commenced by the So gutty. v_ la YerY Member will receive a pair of prints—" The Last Em tface," and" The Neapolitan Wedding," engraved by .Mr. Charles Rolls and Mr. F. A. Heath respectively, after T. Uwins, R.A , with a set of engravings in outline from seven of the cartoons submitted In competition for the premium of 5001. offered by the Society for an historical picture. Subscriptions for the present year are now due. By ordor, GEORGE GODWIN . , LEWIS POCOCK, 1110 n. Secretaries 4. Trafalgar-square, Dec. 24,1846. ENGLISH and SCOTTISH LAW LIF.E ASSURANCE and LOAN ASSOCIATION. It, 'Waterloo-place, London; 119, Princes-street, Edinburgh. Established in 1839. Subscribed Capital, One Million. LIFE ASSURANCE, ANNUITIES, REVERSIONS, AND ENDOWMENTS. union of the English and Scottish Principle of Assurance. COMPREHENSIVE and LIBERAL SYSTEM of LOAN in %anion with Life Assurance, on undoubted personal or other tetuity . The Aseared participate in two-thirds of the profits. J. HILL WILLIAMS, Actuary. NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY, 20 CO/MI/ILL, LONDON. Capital ASOO,OOO. Empowered by Aet of Parliament. ti bil Institution embraces important and substantial advantagesvn., respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured -""', on all occasions, the power to borrow, without expense sr for of the Policy, two-thirds of the premiums paid (see Table) ; ,70 the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his is ",asts to meet other eenveniencee or necessity. 4 -ssurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rtes. DIVISION OF PROFITS. he remarkable saccess and inereasing prosperity of the Society enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare mirth bonus, varyiag from 15 to 85 per cent. en the premiams paid Gach Polley effected on the Profit scale. EXAMPLES. g Premium. i 4 , 1 r 1. Bonus Bonus in i. U Assured added. Cash. c .'' s : may g ' ' Borrow. %... 23' 4 x c d 1 1 8 83; £2 10 17 2 15 I,XIOO 011 £l6 0 4,X445 0 0 ro• 2 1 395 1 400 0 34 . 10 1839 163 11 le: 74 1 91 11 3 11 346 11 2 3 1340 116 7 6 64 0 101 716 11, 296 13 4 ~....._ 1841 111 1 8 ! 49 10 3, 71• 4 , 247 4 5 h. l _ ll o division of profits Is annual, and the next will be made 1] - eleber of the proseat year. F. niiIGUSON CAI/ROUX, Secretary. NATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY. tot! 26, Cornhili, Dec. 24, 1846. et is hereby given that the Half-yearly Interest, at the rate iltii_e Per Cent. per annum on the Capital Stock of this Society, pIk l ,'•"! the 31st instant, will become payable on the Ilth January ia Proprietors may receive the same on application at this )4,7_ en that, or any. subsequent day, between the hours of v 't fuld Three o'clock. By order of the Directors. F. FERGUSON CADIROUX, Secretary. ,DIRECT BOMBAY and MADRAS RAIL WAY.ou Per a 41 . - -The FIRST HALF YEAR'S INTEREST , at 4 per cent. ar „:" 1 . will continue to be PAID till the 31 st inst. Scripholders Get* — .nested to present their Scrip at the offices of the Company 11 1 eau e i n , the hours of Twelte and Three, when it will be stamped and "'"St Paid at the lams time. 0 31 By order, JAMES WARD, Secretary. 4 . 4 Of the Company, 58, Fenchirch-street. ,NOTICE is hereby given, that MARY COL ts„„, LINS, of Morice Town, in the borou g h of De v onport In the COL- Dof Devon, 'Widow, grocer, dealer, and chapman, has by IN • be:t. . "of ASSIGNMENT, bearing date the 4th day of Novem klletir and made between the said Mary Collins of the first part, e r Downing, of the b oroug h of Plymouth, in the said county, b .._ — ` , Tr, of the second part; and the several other persons whose two and seals are thereunte subscribed and set, being severally Zoolrs of the said Mary Collins, of the third part, assigned all and I._,'"'"l` of the stock in trade, goods, wares, and merchandises, and house ',old goods and furniture, book debts, sum and sums of money, and and every other the personal estate and effects whatsoever and Vihereeover of her the said Mary Collins, for the benefit of all her It editors, that such was duly executed by the said Mary Collins and ~etifield Downing on the said 4th day of November last ; the tie ;non whereof was attested by James Gilbard, of Devonport afore solicitor, and John Collings Avent, his clerk. LEAGUE BREAD COMPANY. e,, The Directors of the above Company beg to inform the Public la s Publi t c . t i lVZIr Bakery, upon an extensive scale, is being er ecte d Clerkenwell, and will shortly be cop , pl edTe meet yreed,'oehee demand made upon them for Pure nnadultered I °ll ~t h e Directors are selecting Depots in all parts of the Metro -414Z oat of which will be published with the Agent's names. The t.,1141.4 tors think it necessary to caution the Public, that some shops '9rei ) _ e n opened under a colourable imitation of the name of the 4 ot )...""q• without the authority of the Award, and that the y must 'NT held responsible for the quality of the Bread sold l • 4 •11 given instructions to their Solicitors to take the nece ssary to put a stop to such practices. ~.me , By order, EDWARD PARRATT, secretary. rman -walk, New Broad-street, City. WEBTM.INSTER NEW BRIDGE. 11 ridge to Chesting-er b eth Committee for opposinz the Removal of the kldressed to them at t . request that any communication may be he By orde r ew Inn Hotel, Bridge-road, Lambeth. W. H. MILLER, Hon. See, (IRAINESEND STAR a PACKETS.a nd BLACKWALL ..__lloat and Rail included is One Paymett, avoiding tire danger `ga.., delay of the Pool. F $ ravel the Brunswick Wharf, Blackwell, at 934, , . - 0 34, 'l, 3,4, and ta, gUndays, at 934, 11, I%,The Trains starting one Einar -1;:f an hour before each of these times. he Terrace Pier, Gravesend, at ni, 8 % , 934, 11 34, I, 3, and gUndays at 834, 1134, 1,3, and 5. IT,It ' -11 at the Grays er Greenb.ith R ._ •--Ne ether packets c...- e pi er ,. ...:"'" °Mee, Gravesend, Dec. 28, 1846. -.mak DAVIES'S CANDLES, 6d. per lb. ; G enuine m otnnA gpentk, la. Id. ; Yellow Soap , 48 5. , 541:, and 60s. per 1121 bs • ~._4 • 2d -s 4 6 %. and 645. ; Wax Candles , le. p er lb. ; German wax ' • Fine Wax, la . sd. ; Transparent W ax, Is. 10d, ; G enuine Iol a ; _ id. ; W axe d- w ick Moulds, 7d.; Sperm Oil , B s. per gallon ; 14 ;;; 3 d., Pale Seal, 4s. ; Argand , or Ve g etable, 4s. 6d. ; Wind k"se 41 1 , 1 Soap, la. 4d. per packet; Brown Windsor, Is. 9d ; Gam'Annond, Is. 6d. • Sealing Wax, 4s. Id. ; Hale's Paragon utor ( .71racittiring ne sn ' nfllng, 914 d. per lb. "Arti tt ":" l , I, —At DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St. opposite Slaughter's Coffee-house. A PLATE SUITED FOR PRESENTAT ION. B. SAVORY and SONS, Manufacturing Silversmiths No. 14, Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank nety`„:". d. submit for ' inspection in their show-rooms, every Plain . oILVER PLATE adapted for this purpose, andembossed e 2,,elab v,,...er5, Silver Tea Trays, Silver Centres, Epergnes, and an 1711);—'„,,__'Y his Co lers, Dinner Services, including Corner Dishes, skin r - r ,''eus, Sr.e o ; Bread and Cake Baskets, Silver Sailing and ti -1 1 38 ; Elver Inkstands from 101. to 401. always ready for ois bro pi " ' —T had -n gs of any of the above articles are seat for the approval of .„......t.tte,s to all parts of the kingdom. U tr i s irlY'S PATENT OPEN FIRE VENTILATING STOVE. tttter V t sTilioxiAL AFTER ONE WINTER'S TRIAL.) bon - t. wn the Rev ro nomy). Matthew O'Brien (Professor of Natural Philo and Ast • M.A FR . .S Acc King's College pp beg t Upper Norwood, June 22. t -.lrv..."lrtifY that one of Mr. Cnndy's Patent Stoves was pu $ 1 4( 61 • " I cture room t King s College, last year, in place of a coin ‘,,°°l4 Arnott' a construction,l believe). I have no hesita ,-"Dtils - Z. from a a t that Mr. Cuudy's Stove is far -4tl nitv — rn... l °Drodu c cin u gwa Pa th over the whole room, and in pro irk in "en. without disagreeable currents of air or close smell. au. s tixy MATTHEW O'BRIEN. lendish-smiThad they essrs. Dowson, 69, Welbeck- street, Ca- Where may be seen ia operation. K, tir ---_ iir t ,,, B n ßOVirS, MOUSTACHIOS, and WHIS- Pre nt ,„,—.. Produced in a few weeks, and Baldness removed and ; 41. 011 -- /17 the use of GRIMSTONE'S AROMATIC REGENE - few d. *fl essential spirit, drawn from aromatic herbs and flowers, boost afi?Pe f Which cure headache In a few minutes ; it is also a ...tti„.Chtlll, fragrant toilet perfume. Sold only in triangular il ". Protected by the Government stamp, at 4s. ; double the size. taiiii a 4 nd double this size, I Is. each ; enclosed in a Pamphlet, eon zi.lec,tr testimonials of undoubted authority, entitled " Three Minutes " ' 11 7 ‘,__`. 012 the Growth and Preservation of the Hawn llidr, &a. 1. 2. 7 et, 45. 6d., 7s. 8d„ and 125., for money orders only. Laad Wholesale only at Grimetone's llernary, Illghgate, near fitf or th ; and by Messrs. Barclay and Son, Farringden-street ; Sanger, ete k i "1-street; Messrs. Butler and Co., Cheapelde ; Fisher and Teller, ita,, 11 It-street ; Mr. Johnston, medicine warehouse, 68, Cernhill • it . 'by all Chemists, Perfumer ' s, and others For Edinburgh, J. and e, 4 lliriee, Leith-walk ; for Manchester, eresche and Sin, Adver --eNefftee. TO ;ME LADIBS. . 1 1/ D i , la lady had the followin g l etter Inserted In the " Times" news- Weer en Aug. 7, 1846. Reader, remember, this letter was put Into ~toer by the lady herself, as a testimony to me. t elllty ra • Weekley, of No. 3. Swan-street, Borough, takes th is oppor- Nate, r w enblicly thanking Mr. W. Grltnstene, of the Herbary, High- Dietei or e ffi cacy if his Aromatic Regenerator, in having cont end p s i ' Ntored the hair on her head, after %sing It about four montlas, t e ., ue Whole of her hair is much stronger and mere luxuriant than . it Wee before the baldness appeared' li _ell i e -" ' W i . 04 4 . } k!IlY inserts this testimony to the virtues of Mr. G.'s ' , II Ile, nst bottle assured that many ladles would gladly purchase a ce. not o Nile ---` " they were as certain of its virtues as site is, from ex action of hair in abund ance, but ray in the restoration and prod bey x)nd as a cure of nervons headache; as a to ilet perfume it Is far 14 dY of atlas t° her taste. She will feel a pleasure in answerin g u any lit 'vePeetability to the above facts.-3, Swan-stre a t tr e , s _ e alles oe th e hair becoming thin, weak, or turning grey, f ew v m r t :: the crown of the head occasionally, .brevent every week, will pre ton and r front coming away with the comb, make A leW dre;tu rning grey, rendering the hair luxuriant and curly. . l air Your hairbrush before brushing the hair, will give the Tite•u•aelleY. causing it to curl. 'hest a n i . l o "t delicate ladies may use this delightful product et the Odou r re Zaatic herbs and flowers with eon/Menem; its refreshing be th a 4, ol 'es headache and makes it a most necessary companion tite th. ) .et. In cases of nevous headache, pour ten or twelve drops hoti r : e re vrn Of the h ea d ; if very b a d , repeat it every quarter of an hai r ,ia most eases relief i s cer t a i n i n t en m i nutes. It produces kem s 7 it elind en's h ea d s i n a few appplleatlons. If used on infants' Veen p on ce such a peculiar cooling influence on the brain as to pre- Oftbswe' ef s ons, as well as promoting the gro w th o f h a i r.—See et testimonials. 164 " a ddressed to William Grinutone gerbary, Highgate. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. 113 T PERMISSION.-PROFESS'OR SCHCENSEIN'd GUN COTTON, diftterlng from all other sie eimens recently before the public, is LECTURED on, with other ex, plosive compounds, by Dr. ItYAN,.daily at Half-past Three; and on he evenings of Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. The principle of the ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH DEMONSTRA TED daily, by Professor RICHHOFFNER, especially with reference o the new patent of Messrs. NUt and Gamble, By the OXT HYDRO GE N MIC ROS 6:) PE are exhibi tcd speehnens of the DISEASED PO TATOE, showing the Leaves, Cuttings of the Tubers, &e., together with the DES ritucTrige INSECT, supposed, by A. Smoe,Esq , E.R.S., te be the cease of the disease. The PHYSIOSQOPE, DIVING Exrtrumn TS, DISSOLVING VIEWS, by Smith, Admission is. Schools, half-prim An entire NEW and BE 4 .ITTIVITIi KEItIES of DISISOLVING VIEWS will be introduood at CHRISTAIAS, and the Institution will be open on the !welling of * Saturday, the 2614 i. • UNDER bISTINGUISHED 'PATRONAGE. T HE HALL:.OF. ROME, GREAT WIND miLL4siTimT, TIATMARKET. This splendhUxhililtloitis now open With,the Origlial TAALEUX VIVANS and POSES PLASTIQUE.. Due attention has been paid to the warmth and comfort of the Vie addition to the much admired company will^lrc added mall-andfetnale artirtee, arrived ex pressly from Italy,.Geriatany, Fraucefitc.tAniottget the new series of Tableau will be represoutyl, the Fou;,,Selsons, the Mistletoe Dough; or the Christuta Fete, : paid the Spirlt•of, ti)e Waters. Performance to comnienQe at : Three •o'Moefc'in the Afternotsn, and Half-past Eight hi the Eyenhig. Stairs; 25.61..; Boxes, 25.; Ph, le.; Gallery, 6d, , • w. ... f;~ CAST NIARBLE.---4 diSegY.Cry „ill stated to havg, been made at Charlrittorthii,' , by.t*thich marble may be cast in moulds of' any, size; thev4narble being equal in quality to the purest Carrara. marble. Several fitures have already been cagrot tho inizo of life. The 'east is, stated to be only one dollar a Not.--Harnburgli Corres pondenten. - ' . " Downing-street, Dec. 26. " Sir,—l am directed by Lord Grey to inform you that draughts of a new charter for the government of New Zealand, and also of la new commission and in structions to the Governor, having been submitted to, and approved by, her Majesty,iri. Council, these docu ments, as soon as the necessaiy-forms have been com pleted, will be published in tlle London Gazette, in conformity with the, provisiolii:of the Act passed in the last session of Parliament; from which they derive their authority. As the change which will thus be effected in the constitution .f .the colony must neces sarily be regarded with great interest by the New Zealand Company, and as the . : legal instruments, of .which the publication has be - ek' prescribed by Perlis merit, might not by thepakeltea- be very easily intel- Jigible, I am further directed: to transmit to you, for the information of the directors and shareholders of the company, the copies Wll4°l have the honour to enclose of a dispatch which intd Grey has addressed to the' Governor of New Zalt‘nd, and which will be forwarded to hini by the eargeif'opportunity.-1 an), ‘sir, yoar most obedient servant,' " T. C. Harlington, Esq.,:&e." " B. LIAIVES INSTRUCTIONS TO GOVERNOR GREY. • Downing-Street, Dec 23, 1846. Sir,—you will have been apprised, long before your 'receipt of this dispatch, that iA'the last session of Par liament the Act which I now .Mielose was passed for the better government of New Zealand. The motives which 'suggested such an enactment:are best explained by a general reference' to the correspondence between your self and preceding governors of this colony on the one hand, and myself and my predecessors in office on the other. Any more specific retrospect would, for my im mediate purpose, be superfluous. It is enough to say. that the necessity of a fundamental change in the sys tem adopted by the charter of November, 1840, has been insisted on by all parties to theAscussion, and that then is an almost equally unanimouilhoncurrence among them, in the opinion that the chang*.should be in the direc tion of calling the settlers to !participate much more. largely in the business of legislation and local self-go vernment. The accompanying Act is accordingly framed on that principle. For institutions establialie4, under the charter of November, 1840, it contemplatee,the substitution of mu-• nicipal. corporations for the government of each separate district of New Zealand whiclo.'er which shall be set tled by:colonists of European :birth and origin. Every such district is to be•erected into ;'a borough; every such borough is to elect a common Ootticil, from which are to be chosen a mayor and a ei)ot of aldermen ; every such common council is to ele'ee Members to serve in a House of Representatives, for Ming one of the three estates of a Provincial Assembly; For this purpose the whole of New Zealand is to be.divided into two or more provinces. In every such Provincial Assembly laws will be made for the province by th:ni.House of Representa tives, •by a Legislative Council, ;and by the Governor, who, together, will constitute tlio',Provincial Legislature. But, as there are• many ,topicCof general concern to all the inhabitants of New Zegand, respecting which some uniformity of legislation-Mad of administration will be indispensable, it is further;•bipvided, that a General Assembly of the New Zealand Islands shall be holden by 'the ,Governor-in- Chief. That' General Assembly will be composed of himself, andi'et a Legislative Council, und.of House of Representatiyss. But no one will be a member of the Legislative - ':Council of the General Assembly who is not also a member of one of the Legis latiie Councils of the Provincial Assemblies ; neither will any one be a member of ,tlke,.House of Representa tives of the General AssemUlyiwho is not a member of one of the Houses of Repreaetifetives of the Provincial , Assemblies. In order to adapt, the system- of the local executive Government to this scheme .o:provincial and general legislation, the charter (if the•rnore text of that instru ment be alone regarded) prdvidee for, and supposes, the creation of five different officeii . ... , They are a Governor in-Chief of New Zealand, a-G6iernor of each province, and a Lieutenant-Governor, of 'each. But the actual appointment of five .such distiori officers forms no part of the design at present entdrtiltned. It is proposed to Addi:ess to the same person the ckimmissions of Governor. in-Chief and of Governor of either province;,and to ad dress to.another person the'boilamissions of Lieutenant- Govyrnor for each. Althotigli,;ivith a view to precision and to various teatnical consldeiations, all the offices in question' are menitiemed -in- theicharter as distinct, they will anis (at least for the *sent) be combined in the hands.astwo persons only. ,•• Of these, the higheit—wh6W,lll be at once Governor and Governor-in-Chief—will be the official superior of the other, who will be designate in each province as the Lieutenant-Governor of it. _'relation will not be one of mere ( precedency and but will carry with it effectiie authority on' the one -and, with subordination and obedience on the other hanyl:. To the Governor- in- Chief it: will belopgexclusivftto correspond with :her Majesty's Secretary of Stew:A:laying the departm en t o f the colonies. To the Lieutenant-Governor it will belong to correspond exclusively witk the Governor-General. The authority and control exercised by the Secretary of State over the Governor-in-plkif will, by the Governor in -Chief, be exercised over the Lieutenant-Governor. That-authority will extend evO.ti to the suspension of tin Lieutenant-Governor from Office, if unhappily the niece sikt, for so extreme . a mteasure should ever ari se . The Governor-in-Chief wilLix his own place of resi- • dence according to his own': estimate of the greater 'or less demand for his presence It one or in the otherpro vince. :But, wherever he may be, he still acts as Governor of the province in which he may be resident, and Governor-in-Chief of the viliale%of New Zealand, direct ing andScontrolling the acts te . the Lieutenant-Governor as often as he may think any such control or direction. •.-, requisite. .. . . . To provide for the stdm'inietration of the executive government of either previnc4 from which the Governor in-Chief may absent himself it will be in his choice, according to his view of the exigencies of the public service, either to cal,l ortthe Lieutenant-Governor to reside and to act for him there, or to appoint a Lieu tenant-Governor for the purpose, whose appointment will be made to terminate on the Governor-in-Chiefs re turn and resumption of his own office as Governor of the province for which such temporary appointment may have been made. You will, find that the necessary pdwers . for this purpose are f rested by the charter. In favour of this scheme `of .municipal, legislative, and executive polity, I rely on the following considerations : —lt is framed with as close. an adherence a s circum stances would allow to the, rnodel of our English insti tUtions, an object which I 'regard as of the highest importancia in every such design. It adheres as nearly as practicable to that scherae of colonial policy once diffused over the greater . part of the North American Continent, and still surviving iti our remaining colonies there, and yet to bedistinctljt traced in the constitutions of the flourishing states .new united into the great American commonwealth. ~,It provides f o r th e ' ow e se lf-government of districte m a country where the dis oersion of the settlements is'such as to render any one Central authority incompeteirt to that task. But while public spirit and a practical acquaintance with publie affairs will thus be cherished 'in every part of New Zee land, the erection of provincie and provincial assemblies w ill, I trust, counteract the•tendency which such corpo rate institutions must otherwise have to disunite, in interest and in feeling, the various remote districts from'each other. Natural:,' causes forbid the combi nation of all those districts is the choice of members tic serve. in single assembly for the whole of New Zealand; but: two such, assemblies at : present, and perhaps more th an two such hereafter, may be sufficient to consolidat.. 'lnd' cement and protect the . interests of the various se parate boroughs. To prevent.:those intercolonial contests or such f requen t occurrence elsewhere, and to watch over the general u interests ,of the whole co untry, the General As , those i nterests, and with no. taher function. The circum ' irtance=that the. General AsaelublY will consist of mem bers cho sen b y the provincial assem blies out of their own number the otlierwise'too prob WEI? conflicts between the local and the general L • a - ' anticipate,however, that vglalattirts. I arise for will, I ho proveltn effectual security against that for some time to come the occasions which will calling together #i re General transacted by it very's.Legislatu re win' that: it 'should meet whennis be exceedingly rare, arid ilia amount of business to be all;itwill only Legislatures will not be confpetent to deal in t he: existing law upon those subjects with which the separa owe change is requ i re d t e sentatives• in the reltstioi N a v By placing the corporatidns and. be necessary` the Houses of Repres • will h a ve and represents rives of each other, they them both in the possessiono f thaesi s urochco approp r iatem mon interest , pow ers. with so much of mutual control " a t u h th e o b r . i n ti e e fi s, t probably to maintain setxthpelmaieilie(d)f willexec uustisvnerego t ov er t 1 1 1 which e nae v n aifm7i eithlerhaaivdee.brile'll; without the risk of encroachment s ei.pal and legislative, of New Zealand m to tin br: dtrived from unity of purpose and uniformity of oysterr in the conduct of the administrativ e branch of the public service. To.this project it has been objected, that it introduces a system too complicated to be easily understood or efficiently executed. The answer to that objection 1 think is, that the inevitable conditions of the praetica problem to be solved were more than usually numerous and complex. So wide is the extent of the whOle terri tory', so remarkable the dispersion of the settletnent6 there, so many the impediments to rapid intercourse be tween them, and so strangely contrasted the habits and characters of the different races of the inhabitants, that it became necessary at leaat to attempt the reconcilement of opposite and yet co-existing dangers. There was tilt ganger of enervating all the springs of Government b) the undue dispersion of separate authorities, and then was the danger of impeding the useful action of the Government by an uadue centralization of its powers. In the Act which was submitted to and sanctioned by Parliament, her Majesty's Government attempted as far as possible to escape from both of these difficulties. Whether the scheme adopted affords the best attainable reconcilement of them or not, it will scarcely be denied that they were serious difficulties, and admitted of no safe solution of a short and simple character. But, in framing the Act, her Majesty's Government were not forgetful of their extreme liability to error when acting in reference to a state of things so remote from their observation and from their own personal expe rience in the business of civil administration. It was, therefore, studiously provided that the adaptation of this law to the local circumstances of New Zealand should be transferable to those who should bring to the discharge of that duty the greatest amount of local knowledge and the best opportunities of ascertaining the state of public opinion amongst the colonists. The broad outlines of the scheme having been partly drawn by Par liament, and the Queen in Council being authorised to complete these outlines, her Majesty was also empowered to delegate to the Governor-in-Chief the duty of filling up all the various details ; and so wide aro these powers of delegation as to supply a remedy for any errors of mere ignorance or oversight into which her Majesty's confidential advisers may have unconsciously fallen. I now transmit to you four instruments for carrying this Act of Parliament into effect. Of these the first is a new charter for the government of New Zealand. It is little more than a mere creation of the powers, muni cipal, legislative, and administrative, which the Act of Parliament authorises the Queen so to create. It re neals the charter of 1840, leaving it, however, to the Governor-in-Chief to determine at what time the new oharter shall be promulgated wail brought into operation. You will observe that the ACt of Parliament enables ;ler Majesty for a limited time to continue in force, as regards the province of New Ulster, the charter of 1840. When this measure was submitted to Parliament there seemed reason to believe that it might be desirable to make a distinction between the northern and the southern settlements, with regard to the time at which the intended change in the form of government should come into ope ration; but more recent information has led to a different conclusion, and, aocordingly, her Majesty has not been advised to avail herself of the power with which she was invested in this respect. The second instrument is the series of instructions under the royal signet and sign manual to which the charter refers. This, as will appear in the sequel, is the instrument in which the plan of the new constitution is exhibited in all the detail in which it has been possible to prepare it in this country. Technical reasons, into Which I need not enter, render it highly convenient to snake the instructions, rather than the charter, the channel of signifying the royal pleasure at full length and circumstantially. The third of the accompanying documents is your own appointment as Governor-in Chief of New Zealand, and is Governor of each of the provinces into which those islands will be divided. The fourth and last instrument constitutes Mr. Eyre Lieutenant-Governor of each of the two provinces which ,t is now proposed to establish. It may be convenient that I should in this place point out how vacancies in these offices are to be filled provi sionally, whenever the necesssity for such provisional appointments may arise- If the Governor-in-Chief should die, or otherwise create an unexpected vacancy, the following is the order in which the various officers capable of a provisional succession will be called to it, each later designation always supposing the absence from New Zealand of any person bearing the immedi ately preceding designation. In tho case supposed, then, the provisional succession will devolve, first, on the Go vernor of New Ulster; secondly, on the Governor of New Munster; thirdly, on the Lieutenant -Governor of New Ulster, if appointed immediately by the Queen; Fourthly, on the Lieutenant-Govern or of New Munster, if appointed immediately by the Queen ; and fifthly, on the senior officer for the time being in command of the Queen's troops in New Zealand. On the death or absence or other vacancy of the office of the Governor of either province, his office will be tilled by the Lieutenant-Governor of it. On the death or absence or other vacancy of the office of Lieutenant-Governor of either province, the vacancy will be filled provisionally by an officer to he appointed o) the Governor-in-Chief. I have already observed, that Lieutenant- Governors so appointed will not stand in the line of provisional succession to the general go vernment. Provision being thus made for establishing the muni cipal, the legislative, and the executive ;institutions of New Zealand, there is a virtual accomplishment of ad that is necessary for its future government. From those institutions will flow all subordicate powers, judicial, fiscal, magisterial, or of whatever ether nature they may be. The respective Legislatures will progressively mould these derivative organs of government into such forms as the exigencies of society shall require. To a great extent it will be competent to those Legislatures so to mould even the instution which the charter itself creates, by regulating the elective franchise and the whole system of elections, municipal and legislative, care being taken that no such enactments be either re pugnant to the text or at variance with the spirit of the Act or of the charter. To prescribe fundamental rules, and to create an authority for the better adapta tion of them to the real wants of the colony, is the only function which the Queen or Parliament have assumed to themselves, or could properly have assumed. At first sight it may appear that something more than this has been aimed at in the accompanying royal in structions. They are unavoidably copious and minute ; but they will be found rather to impart powers than to lay down inflexible rules ; and so wide is the field over which the subject ranges, that even to accomplish this design has una vo id a bl y l ed into many elaborate and pro tracted details. ; To render those details as clear and as useful as may be, they are drawn up, not in the usual form, but in a ieries of'chapters, - each of which is subd;ivided into sec reference to the p owers under which the instructions are Loos - , the : wh o l e b e i ng i ntroduced by one comprehensive - issued, and by one equally comprehensivi► declaration of 1 ilia .royal pleasure . . that they shall be ob:serred. Much ' tautology and useless repetition is thus airoided. B e li ev in g t h at t h e i nstructions, as thus' prepared, will be found to - con ve y t h e i r meaning perspicuously and - completely, I ab s t a i n f rom any attempt -to recapitulate or to explain th e i r ,p rov i s i ons. i turn to other topics, on which it seems i n di spensable that on the present occasion I should convey to you explanations forw hich, of course, no appropriate place could be found in t he legal instru ments already mentioned. I advert especially to what relates to the aborigines of New Zealand s and the settle ment of the public lands in those island';. I cannot approach this topic without i:emarking, that the protracted correspondence to which iit has given rise, the public debates and resolutions which have sprung from it, and the enactments and measur es of your pre decessors in the Government, have a'd contributed to throw into almost inextricable confusiot 1 the respective rights and claims of various classes and individuals amongst the inhabitants of New Zealand 1, to render very embarrassing the inquiry into which pea must doubtless be engaged respecting the line of cc nduct which her Majesty's Government expect you to pi i rsue, and at the same time to make it almost impossible, for us to deter mine, with any confidence, what that o anduct ought to be, and how far, in a state of affairs so c omplicated, it is possible now to act upon the prineiplos to which, in the absence of theso difficulties, I should have prescribed your adherence. I will not attempt e lay retrospect of those documents and proceedings ; .I should but be adding to the perplexity which I Reis, aowledge and re gret. It shall be my attempt rath e:r to explain, as briefly as the nature of the subject adi :nits, what is the policy which, if we were unembarrased 1)y past transae (ions, it would be right to follow, and s vhich (so far as my freedom of choice remains to us) 0 ii ght still to be adopted, regarding the right of proper' ) r in land, which should be acknowledged or created, ri c Ire especially as affecting the aborigines of New Zealand. I enter on this topic by observing thest the accompany- ing statuteS9 and 10 Victoria,. chap. 164 t , see. 11, repeals the Australian Land Sales Act, as far r relates to lands situate in New Zealand. Thus there is a complete ab sence of any statutory regulations on thiis subject. The Queen, as entitled in right of her c Town to any waste rands in the colony, is free to make whatever rules her Majesty may see fit on the subject. The accompanying charter accordingly authorises the G. avernor to alienate such lands. 'I he accompanying instr actions direct how that power is to be used. I proce ed to explain the motives by which those instructions l lave been dictated. The opinion assumed, rather that i advocated, by a large class of writers on this and kind' ed subjects is, that he aboriginal inhabitants of any cots ntry are the pro arietors of every part of its soil of which they have been accustomed to, make any use, or to wh, leh they have been sceustonied to assert any titl e . This claim is refire ' sontedis shered; -however ignorant sue: h natives may be :if the - artsasr , of the habits of chills' 3( i life, however spoil the number' of their tribes, bows r er imperfect or occasional the mes they mak e o f the 1 and. Whether they are 'noiliadsc tribes de s p as t ur i ng et ittle, or hunters living' by thb'ehase, or fishermen frecits entin g the sea coasts or.. the - banks of riv ers , t h e pro: prietary title in question is alike ascribed t o th em all. From this doctrine, whether it be rat tintained on the grounds of religion, or of morality, or , if expediency, I entirely dissent. What. I hold, to be ti ae true principle with regard to property in land is that which I find laid doWn in the following passage from , the works of Dr. Arnold, which I think may safely be a,,ccspted as of s a• but also because it W AS . written, not with thority upon . this subject, not only , 311 necownt o f hi s high character, reference to passing events, or to any ( !ontroversy which .vas at that tune going on, but as A! ;siting a p r inciple which he conceived to be of general al )plieatioe:— " Men were to subdue the earth; tt sat i s, to ma k e i t by their labour what it would not has re been by itself; and with the labour so bestowed upon it came the right of property in it. Thus every land In .hich is inhabited at all belongs to somebody ; that it I, there is either some one person, or family, or triba 5, or nation, who have a greater right to it than attsy -one else has; it does not and cannot belong is mrybody. But, so much does the right of proper t , go along with labour, that civilised nations ha re s ever scrup l e d o take possession of countries inht sbited only by tribes Of savages—countries which have b eon hunted over, but never subdued or cultivated. It is true, they have often gone further, and settled themselve A in countries which were cultivated, and then it becoomer i a robbery; but when )ur fathers went to America and took possession of the mere hunting-grounds of the Indians—of lands on which man had hitherto bestowed no labour—they only exer cised a right which God has inseparably united with in dustry and knowledge." The justness of this reasoning must, I think, be gene rally admitted, and if so it can hardly be denied that it is applicable to the case of New Zealand, and is fatal to the right which has been claimed for the aboriginal in habitants of those islands to the exclusive possession of the vast extent of fertile but unoccupied lands which they contain. It is true the New Zealanders, when European settlement commenced among them, were not a people of hunters; they lived in great measure, at least, upon the produce of the soil (chiefly perhaps its spontaneous produce), and practised to a certain extent a rudo sort of agriculture. But the extent of land so occupied by them was absolutely insignificant when compared with that of the country they inhabited; the most trustworthy accounts agree in representing the cultivated grounds as forming far less than one-hun dredth part of the available land, and in stating that mil lions of acres were to be found where the naturally fer tile soil was covered by primeval forests or wastes of fern, in th• midst of which a few patches planted with potatoes were the only signs of human habitation and industry. The islands of New Zealand are not much less extensive than the British Isles, and capable probably of supporting as large a population, while that which teey actually supported has been variously estimated, but I believe never so high as 200.000 souls. To contend that u»der each circumstances civilised men had not a right to step in and to take possession of the vacant,territory, but were bound to respect the supposed proprietary title of the savage tribes who dwelt in, but were utterly unable to occupy the laud, is to mistake the grounds upon which the right of property in land is founded. To that portion of the soil, whatever it might be, which they really occupied, the aboriginal inhabit ants, barbarous as they were, had a clear and undoubted claim ; to have attempted to deprive them of their patches of potato ground, even so to have occupied the territory as not to leave them ample space for shifting, as was their habit, their cultivation from one spot to an other, would have been in the highest degree unjust'; but so long as this injustice was avoided, I must regard it a vain and unfounded scruple which would have ac knowledged their right of property in land which re mained unsubdued to the uses of man. But, if the savage inhabitants of New Zealand had themselves no right of property.in land which they did not occupy, it is obvious that they could not convey to others what they did not themselves possess, and:that claims to vast tracts of waste land, founded on pretended sales from them, are altoge ther untenable. From the moment that British domi nion was proclaimed in New Zealand, all lands not actually occupied in the sense in which alone occupation can give a right of possession, ought to have been con sidered as the property of the crowa, in its capacity of trustee for the whole community, and it should thenceforward have been regarded as the right and at the same time the duty of those duly authorised by the Crown, to determine in what manner, and according to what rules, the land, hitherto waste should be assigned and appropriated to particular indi viduals. There is another consideration which leads to the same conclusion. It has never been pretendedth; the wide extent of unoccupied land, to which an exclu sive right of property has been asserted on behalf of the native inhabitants of New Zealand, belonged to them as individuals; it was only as tribes that they were sup posed to possess it; and, granting their title as such to have been good and valid, it was obviously a right which the tribes enjoyed as independent communities—an at tribute of sovereignty, which, with the sovereignty, na turally and necessarily was transferred to the British Crown. llad the New Zealanders boon a civilised people, this would have been the case—if these islands, being tnhabited by a civilised people, had been added either by conquest or voluntary cession to the dominions of the Otenn, if-is clear thatoccording to the well known principle* -of public law, while the property of individuals Would have been respected, all public pro perty,/, all rights of everyffescription which had apper tainectathe;pievierts sov*eigns, would have devolved, as a matter. of course, to :the new sovereign who suc ceededthem. /t can harctly be contended that these tribes, - as such, possessed rights which civilised commu nities,could net have claimed. - Such arelhepritibiples upon ,which, if the colonization li of New - Zealand were only now about to begin, it would be my duty to instruct you to act; and though I am well aware that in point of fact you are not in a position to do so, and that from past transactions a state of things has arisen in which a strict application of these princi ples is impracticable, I have thought it right that they should be thus explicitly stated in this dispatch (as they are in the royal instructions to which it refers), in order that you may clearly understand that although in many respects you may be compelled to depart from them, still you are to look to them as the foundation of the policy which, so far as it is in your power, you are to pursue. The imperfect information which alone at this dis tance I can hope to obtain as to the actual state of affairs in New Zealand renders it impossible for me to venture to prescribe to you how far you are to go in attempting practically to act upon the principles I have laid down. I should infer from your own dispatches, as well as from those of your predecessors, that the rights of the Crown could not now be asserted to large tracts of waste land which particular tribes have been taught to regard as their own. It appears that you have found it expedient to admit these pretensions to a considerable extent; and having done so, no apparent advantage could be suffered to weigh against the evil of acting in a man ner either really or even apparently inconsistent with good faith. While, however, you scrupulously fulfil whatever engagements you have contracted, and main tain those rights on the part of the native tribes to land which you have already recognised, you will avoid as much as possible any further surrender of the property of the Crown. I trust also that the evil which would otherwise ariie from the concessions already made may, to a great 'degree, be neutralised by your strictly main taining the exclusive right of the Crown to purchase land tioni,thallative tribes to which it has been assumed that it belongi.;. `t his right, resting as it does, not only upon hap. been.called the Treaty of Waitangi, but also Aril. tlih ienetil _and long-recognised prin ciples_ of national- law, , is 'onti so important, that it ought , a4gat nt,all hazards to be strictly enforced. To suffer it to be - set .aside would be to acquiesce in the ruin of' the colay, since it would be fatal to the pro gressive and symematic settlement of the country. It is by the sale of And at mere than a nominal price that its appropriation to individtials in allotments proportioned to their poserdinaking use of it can alone be secured. It is thenaode hy which, with least inconvenience and dif ficulty, binds can be raised for emigration, and for ex ecuting those public works which are necessary for the profitable occupation of the soil; in short, it is the very foundation upon which systematic colonization must be based. But if the native tribes are permitted to sell large tracts of land to individuals for a mere nominal consideration, it is obvious that so much land will be thrown upon the market as entirely to defeat the at tempt to sell such lands as the Crown may still retain, at a price sufficient to answer the objects of the policy I have described. It has indeed been asserted that the natives of New Zealand will never consent, unless compelled by force of arms, to the adoption of a system by which land bought from them at a nominal, or at all events at a low price, by the servants of the Crown, is to be resold at a much higher rate to actual settlers. I fear it may be more dif ficult than it would have been formerly to reconcile them to this practice, nevertheless the attempt must be made; and I still hope it may not be impossible to con vince them that the Crown receives the money so paid for land only as trustees for the public, and that it is applied for their benefit as forming part of the commu nity; that the price obtained for land which is sold to settlers affords the means of constructing roads and bridges, of building churches and schools, and of intro ducing an additional European population; thus really conducing far more to their advantage than the paltry supply of goods which, if they sold the land for them selves, they would obtain for it. These remarks apply to lands held by the aboriginal inhabitants as tribes, and by a title not resting upon actual occupation and improvement; as individuals, they should be as free as any of the other inhabitants of New Zealand to acquire and to dispose of property in land. The first and most important step which you will have to take with the view of introducing a regular system with respect to the disposal of land will be to ascertain distinctly the ownership of all the land in the colony. The extent and limits of all which is to be considered as the property either of individuals, of bodies politic or cirporate, or of the native tribes, must, in the first in stance, be determined, and the whole of the remainder of the territory will then be declared to be the royal demesne. The results of this inquiry must be carefully registered, and a regular record henceforth preserved, showing to whom all the lands of Now Zealand belong. This measure has been repeatedly and earnestly inculcated on your predecessors, and I cannot too itrongly repeat the same injunction. It has been with the single object of ensuring in the management of the waste lands of New Zealand the adoption of a system calculated, as the confidential servants of her Majesty believe; to promote the true in terests of all her subjects, that the instructions which a ccompany this dispatch have been trained. I do not pause to recapitulate their details; but the princi ples of. them are, that the power of the Crown over these 'lands should never be employed for any purpose of patronage, influence, or favouritism; that the Croln shall not be at liberty to make a gra tuitous alienation of any extent of land, however small, except with a view to public works, in which the whole society may have, a. more or less immediate interest ; that the elieuation of such lands to any private persons. or for any private purposes, shall always be preceded by a careful survey of the land, and followed by an imme diate registration of the grant ; that no such alienation shall be made without a previous public auction ; that at all such auctions all lands shall be offered for sale at a certain upset price ; that the selection of the lands so to be put up to auction shall be made exclusively by the Government ; that the upset price of each lot shall de pend on the class in which it is placed, the three classes being town, suburban, and rural allotments, the last class being again subdivided into lands which are, and into hinds which are not, believed to contain valuable mine rals ; that lands once offered for sale by auction, without finding a purchaser, may afterwards be purchased with. out auction at the upset price ; that the first application eeseeeseseeeeess e - s of the land revenue must b e towards defraying the ex penses incident to the administration of the Crown land department in all its branches ; and that the surplus or net land revenue should be applied towards the intro duction of manual labourers from this country, unless when the exigencies of the public service may render the application of it to other local purposes indispensable. Such being my general views regarding the settle ment of the public lands in New Zealand, I return to the kindred topic of the state of the aborigines there. On the general principles by which our relations to them should be governed, I have nothing to add to Lord John Russell's instructions to Captain Hobson, of the 9th December, 1841, No. 1 ; but I have to call your atten tion to the 10th clause of the 9th and 10th of Victoria, c. 103, in which Parliament has adopted and given their sanction to the principles laid down by his Lordship in that dispatch, that the laws and customs of the native New Zealanders, even though repugnant to our own laws, ought, if not at variance with the general principles of humanity, to be for the present maintained for their government in all their relations to, and dealings with, each other ; and that particular districts should be set apart within which such customs should be so observed. It will be your duty to give effect to the general prin ciples which would separate, by well-defined lines of demarcation, those parts of New Zealand in which the native customs arc to be maintained, from those in which they are to be superseded. For the sake of distinct ness, the one maybe .called the aboriginal, and the other the provincial districts. The last, or p ro . vincial district s , will be entirely divided into the various municipalities already mentioned. With an increasing British population, and with the advance of the natives in the arts - of Civilised life, the provincial districts will progressively extend into the aboriginal, until at length the distinction shall have en tirely disappeared. In the meantime the provincial dis tricts, and they alone, will be the seats of courts and magistracies, and of other institutions requisite for the government of civilised men. The aboriginal districts will be governed by such methods as are in use among the native New Zealanders. The chiefs or others, ac cording to their usages, should be allowed to interpret and to administer their own laws. Even beyond those precincts the same practice should be followed in all cases, whether civil or criminal, in which the natives alone have any direct and immediate interest. Difficul ties will of course arise in the execution of such rules, but not, I think, any which may not be easily sur mounted ; for the administration of different laws to different races of men inhabiting the same country under one common sovereign, is a practice which has pre vailed so extensively, that scarcely any civilised nation can be mentioned in which some examples of it have not occurred. With the increase of Christian know ledge, of civilisation. of the use of the English tongue, and of mutual confidence between the two races, these dis tinctions of law and of legal customs will, I trust, become unnecessary and obsolete. In the meantime we muse await that consummation with every reasonable indul gence for the innocent habits and for the venial preju dices of the aboriginal race with which we have thus been brought into contact. I pass over in this dispatch, as in the accompanying instruments her Mujesty has pa,sed over, in silence, many topics of the greatest importance to the future good government of New Zealand. Such are the ad ministration of justice, the management of the revenue, the education of youth, and the provision to be made for public Christian w. r,hip. On these and similar questions I think it better to await, than to anticipate the deliberations of the legislative bodies about to be convened in New Zealand. They will properly form the subject of a separate-and future correspondence. The Act of Parliament which I now transmit to you, and the instruments which have been issued in pursuance of it, are framed in the spirit of an unreserved confi dence, both in the capacity and in the willingness of the British settlers in New Zealand to regulate their own internal affairs in such a manner as may best conduct , to the welfare of the colony and of the empire of which it forms a part. To men to whom so high a trust has been committed, it is fitting that the Minister of the Crown charged with the communication to them of her Majesty's gracious intentions should address himself in the language of frankness and of candour. I there fore do not scruple to observe, that the experience of our widely-extended empire as ascertained that the otherwise inestimable advantages of colonial self government are attended with at least one serious dan• ger. It is the danger that the powers conferred by this great franchise on the representatives of the people may be perverted into an instrument for the oppression of the less civilised and less powerful races of men inhabiting the same colony. This abuse has arisen in our colonies, not because the wealthier and better edu cated classes of society there are in any respect in ferior in character to the corresponding classes of society elsewhere, but because they are exposed to a temptation from which the greater number of imperial and independent legislatures are exempt. They live in a vicinity to which nothing parallel exists in the an cient states of Europe. Such a vicinity exists, and, conse quently, such a temptation will arise in New Zealand. I, therefore, acquit myself of a duty, involving no failure of respect to the future assemblies of that colony, in thus unreservedly pointing out to you, and through you commending to their attention, the sacred duty which will be incumbent on them, of watching over the interest, protecting the persons, and, as far as may be, cultivating the minds of the aboriginal race among whom they and their constituents have settled. They can render no service more acceptable to the Queen, to Parliament, and to the people of this country at large. Although her Majesty has confided to your discretion the time from which the new charter is to be promul gated and to take effect, and although in the exercise of that discretion you will of course weigh every material circumstance, including many which it would be impos sible for me to - foresee or to estimate aright, yet you ►ill understand it to be her Majesty's pleasure that no delay should intervene which those circumstances may not justify and require. • : I hare, &c. THE NEW ZEALAND CIifARTER. Victoria, by the grace of God- of..the.United Kingdom of Great Britain and: Ireland Queen, Defender of the Faith. To all to whom these presents shall come, greet ing. —Whereas by an Act made and passed in the Par liament holden in the ninth and tenth years. of our reign, entitled " An Act to make further Prevision, for the Government of the New Zealand - Islands," it is among other things enacted, that it shall be lawful Tor us, in and by any letters patent to be issued after the passing of the said Act, under the. great seal of the United Kingdont,lfrtim drab to time to constitute and estab lish within any:district or districts of the islands of New Zealand, , One or more municipal corporation or corporations, and to grant to any. such 'corporations all or any of the powers which (in pursuance of the statutes in that behalf made and provided) it is com petent to us to grant to the inhabitants of any town or borough in- . England and Wales, incorporated in virtue of such statutes, or any of them, and to qualify and restrict the exercise of any such powers in such and the same manner as' by the statutes last aforesaid, or any of them, we may qualify or restrict the exercise of any. such powers in England ; and it is by the said Act fitrther enacted, that 'it shall be lawful for us, by any such letters patent as aforesaid, to make and prescribe all such rules as to us shall seem fit for determining the extent acid boundaries of the districts to be comprised within any such municipal corporations as aforesaid, and for regulating. the choice and election of the various officers of any such corporations, and of the members of the goierning bodies thereof, and for ascer taining the qualifications of the members of any such municipal corporations ; and it is by the said Act further enacted, that it shall be lawful for us to execute any of the powers thereby vested in us, by. instructions under our signet sad sign manual, approved in our Privy Council, and accompanying or referred to in letters patent to be issued as aforesaid, and that it shall be law ful for us, by.a . ny such letters patent or in s tructions, to delegate to the Governor-in-Chief for the time being of the islands of New Zealand, or to the respective Gover nors for the time being of the respective provinces into which the said islands may be divided, the exercise of such of the powers by the said Act vested in us as it may seem meet to us so to delegate, and to prescribe the man ner and form in which, and the conditions subject to which, such delegated authority shall so be exercised. Now, know ye, that in pursuance of the said recited Act, and in exercise of the powers thereby in us vested, and also in exercise of all and every other the powers to us in that behalf in anywise belonging, we, of our spe cial grace. mere motion, and certain knowledge, have constituted arvd established, and -do hereby consti tute and establish, within the said islands of New Zealand, such municipal corporations, with such powers, qualifications, and, restrictions, as are mentioned and oirected in certain instructions by us given under our signet said sign manual, approved in our Privy Council, and beraring even date with and accompanying these presents. IL And, in further pursuance and exercise of the powers aforesaid', We do hereby grant, appoint, and or dain, that the districts to be comprised within such mu nicipal corj►orations respectively shall be of such extent, and shall have such boundaries, as are prescribed and provided for in and by the said instructions, and that the choice and election . of the various officers of the said corporations r!speetively, and of the members of the goveming bgalcs thereof, shall take place and be regu lated according to thP rules and in the manner and form prescribed . and provided for in and by the said instruc tions ; a'ad that the qualifwations:of the members of the said inutaicipal corporation t; shall, .in like manner, be ascertriined according to the rules and in the manner anal form prescribed and provided for in and by the said instructions. IV, And . whereas it is by the said recited Act fur- ther et►acted, .thkt it shall be lawful for us, in and by any /setters patent to be issued as aforesaid, from time to time to divide the said islands of New Zealand into two or snore separate provinces, and to constitute and esta blish within the same two or more separate assemblies ; thed is to say, one such assembly in and for each of such separate provinces, and that each of the said assemblies saall consist of, and be holden by, a Governor, a Legis lative Council, and a House of Representatives; now, therefore, in further pursuance of the , said recided Act, and in exercise of the powers thereby in us vested, we i. ) .0 hereby grant, ordain, and appoint, that the said islands of Now Zealand sltalLbe divided into two sepa rate provinces, to be ealleil respectively the " Trainee of New Ulster," and the "Province of New Munster;" and we do hereby divide the said islands accordingly ; and we do hereby constitute and establish a separate assembly within each of the said two provinces, to or sist of and be holden by a Governor, Legislativ4 tin ;il, and a House of .I:Zt.pre6eLtati:ej; ; and we doe by and appoint, that t h e li m i ts o f t a „eetively, anti the time at which. in siile of .evinces respective' 7, the said assemblie h ..cued or holden, shall befit:al mined in the n form prescribed and provided for in and by cis instructions hereinbefore mentioned. IV. And whereas it is by the sa id rec i te d Act fit s. t enacted, that each of the said Legislative Councils, when constituted, shall consist of such persons as we shall for that purpose appoint; and that the elections of the mem bers of the said Houses of Representatives shall take place in such manner and form, and under such regula tions as shall for that purpose be prescribed in any such letters patent as aforesaid ; now, therefore, in further pursuance and exercise of the powers aforesaid, we do hereby grant, appoint, and ordain, that the said Legis lative Councils shall consist of such persons as are for that purpose appointed or designated by us in the said instructions hereinbefore mentioned, and that the elec tions of members of the said Houses of Representatives respectively shall take place in the manner and form, and under the regulations prescribed and provided for, in and by the said instructions hereinbefore mentioned. V. And whereas it is by the said recited Act further enacted, that it shall be lawful for us, in and by any such letters patent to be issued as aforesaid, to constitute and establish a General Assembly in and for the said islands of Nape Zealand, to be called the General Assembly of New Zealand, which said General Assembly shall consist of, and be holden by, the Governor-in- Chief of the said islands, and a Legislative Council, and a House of Representatives ; and that such Le gislative Council shall consist of such persons as we shall for that purpose appoint; and that such House of Representatives shall consist of members of the respec tive Houses of Representatives of the several provinces into which the said islands may be divided ; which mem bers, so to serve in the said General Assembh, shall bo elected, nominated, and appointed by such persona, in such manner and form, and u p on an d su bj ect to such rules and conditions as we, by any such letters paterit as aforesaid, shall direct ; now, therefore, in further - pursuance of the said recited Act, and.in exercise of the powers thereby in us vested, we do hereby constitute and establish a General Assembly in and for the islands of New Zealand. to be called " the General Assembly of New Zealand," and to consist of, and to be holden by, the Governor-in-Chief of the said islands, a Legislative Council, and a House of Representatives ; and we do hereby grant, appoint, and ordain, that the Legislative Council of the said General Assembly of New Zealand shall consist of such persons as are for that purpose ap pointed or designated by us in the said instructions hereinbefore mentioned ; and that the House of Repre sentatives of the said General Assembly shall consist of members of the respective Houses of Representatives of the said provinces, to be for that purpose elected, nominated, and appointed by the persons appointed or designated, and in the manner and form prescribed and provided for in and by the said instructions hereinbefore mentioned. VI. And whereas it is by the said recited Act further enacted, that it shall be lawful for us, by any such letters patent, to be issued as first aforesaid, to make and pre scribe all such rules as to us shall seem fit, for ascer taining the qualifications of the members of any such Assemblies or General Assembly as aforesaid, and for determining the length of time for which every such Assembly or General Assembly shall be holden from the time of the election of the members of the said Houses of Representatives, and how and by w h at aut h or i ty t h e same shall be dissolved or prorogued, and for prescribing the oaths to be taken or the affirmation to be made by the members of the saki Corporations, Assemblies, or General Assembly, or any of them, before entering on the discharge of the duties of their respective offices, and for prescribing the course of proceeding to be followed in the said respective Assemblies and in the said General Assembly, in regard to the enactment of laws, statutes, and ordinances therein, and for determining in what cases the Governor-in. Chief for the time being of the said islands of New Zealand, or the Governor for the time being of any separate province, stall, in our name and on our behalf, assent to any such laws, statutes, or ordinances, or reserve the significa tion of our pleasure thereon, together with all such rules as shall be necessary for determining the effect of the disallowance by us of any such law, statute, nr ordinance, although not so reserved as aforesaid, together with all such other rules, not being re pugnant to the said Act, as it may seem to us neces sary to make and establish for carrying into full effect the purposes and objects thereof; now, therefore, in further pursuance of the said Act, and in exercise of the powers so thereby vested in us as aforesaid, we do hereby declare our pleasure to be that upon and in respect to all and each of the matters and things last mentioned and referred to in the said recited Act, such rules shall be observed and followed as are for those several purposes prescribed or referred to in the said instructions herein before mentioned. VII. And whereas it is by the said recited Act further enacted, that it shall be lawful for us, by any such letters patent as first aforesaid, to appropriate and set apart from and out of the revenues of any such separate pro vinces as aforesaid, by way of civil list, for the mainte nance of the administration of justice, and the principal officers of the civil Government, or of such separate provinces as aforesaid, such sums of money as shall not exceed 6.000/. by the year, in any one of the said separate Governments ; now, therefore, in pursuance of the said Act, and in exercise of the powers thereby vested in us, we do hereby appropriate and set apart from and out of the revenue of each of the said separate provinces re spectively, by way of civil list, for the purposes last aforesaid, the sum of 6,0001. in each of the said Govern ments respectively ; which said several sums of 6,0001. shall, in each of the said Governments respectively, be appropriated and applied, and accounted for in the manner and form for that purpose appointed and pre scribed in and by the said instructions hereinbefere mentioned. VIIL And whereas it is by the said recited Act among other things enacted, that it shall be lawful for us, by such letters patent as first aforesaid, to prohibit the grant or appropriation of any public money by either of the said Assemblies or by the said G enera l Assem bly, in any case in which such grant or appropriation shall not first have been recommended by us, on our be half, with a view to, or in aid of, some specific public service to• be performed within the said provinces re spectively, or within the said islands of New Zealand collectively ; now, therefore, in further pursuance of the said recited act, and in exercise of the powers thereby in us vested as aforesaid, we do hereby prohibit the grant or appropriation of any public money- by either of the said Assemblies, ,or by the said General Assembly, in any case in which such grant or aypropriation shall not first have been recommended by us, or on our behalf, with a view to or in aid of, some specific public service to be performed within the said provinces respectively, or within the said islands of New Zealand collectively. IX. And whereas by the said letters patent j of the 16th day of November, in the fourth year of our reign, we did reserve to us, our heirs and successors, full power and authority from time to time to revoke, alter, or amend the same as to us or them should seem meet ; now, therefore, in exercise and pursuance of the powers so reserved to us, we do hereby revoke the said last-men tioned letters patent: provided always, that all laws and ordinances made and all acts done under and in pur suance of the said last-mentioned letters patent, in so far as such laws, ordinances, and acts, are not repugnant to these presents, and do not interfere with, or prevent the operation thereof, shalt be as valid and effectual as though these presents had not been made. I. And we do hereby require and enjoin, that the said General Assembly of New Zealand, and that the said respective Assemblies of the said respective pro vinces, shall, in pursuance of the said recited Act, make and enact all such laws, statutes, and ordinances as by the said recited Act they are severally authorised and empowered to make and enact, and that the course of proceeding to he followed in the said General Assem bly, and in the said Assemblies of the said respective provinces, in regard to the making and enactment of such laws, statutes, and ordinances, shall be according to such rules as are in that behalf prescribed and provided for in the said instructions hereinbefure mentioned. XI. And we do further- authorise and require the Governor of each of the said provinces to summon as an executive council for each of the said provinces respec tively such and so many persons as are for that purpose appointed or designitted by us in the said instructions hereinbefore mentioned, or as shall at any time here after be by us appointed or designated in any other in structions under our signet or sign manual addressed to him in that behalf. XII. And we do hereby authorise, empower, and re quire the Governor-in-Chief of New Zealand, and the re spective Governors of each of the said provinces respec tively, to keep and use a public seal for the sealing of all things whatsoever that shall pass the seal of the said General Government, or the seal of either of the said provinces respectively. XIII. And we do hereby grant to the respective Go vernors of the said provinces respectively full power and authority, with the advice and consent of the Execu tive Council of the said respective provinces, from time to time, to issue a proclamation or proclamations di viding the same into counties, hundrAs, towns, town ships, and parishes, and to appoint the limits thereof respectively. XIV. And we do hereby give and grant to the respec- tive Governors of the said provinces respectively full power and authority to make and execute, in our name and on our behalf, under the public seal of the said re spective provinces, grants of waste land to us belonging within the same, either to private persons for their own use and benefit, or to any persons, bodies politic or cor porate, in trust for the public uses of our subjects there resident, or any of then XV. Provided alwa •,_ that in the exorcise of the powers last rforesaic Gownaors or the Said provinces respectively shall e observe the rules for their guid the said instructions hereinhefore mentioned XVI. And we do hereby authorise, empower, and re. quire the respective governors of the said provinces respec - tively, from time to time, in our name and on our behalf, to constitute and appoint judges, and. in cases requisite, commissioners of oyer and terminer, justices of the peace, and other necessary officers for the administration of justice within the said respective provinces, and for the putting in force therei n a ll l aws made or to be ma d e for the government th ereo f , an d all such officers as may be requisite for the due administration of the civil go vernment therein. And we do further authorise the same governors, as occasion shall require, to susprnd from the exercise of his office or e mployment. until our pleasure shall be known, any person or persons withia their respective provinces holding any public office or employment therein. at our pleasure. XVII. Provided always that in the exercise of such 4 , power of appointment and suspension of public, offices, conform to and .ace prescribed in and by Samuel Woold, 1t54.1 TRUSTEES. Fiadinand Ives, Esq, PROVISIONAL DIRECTORS. Jeremiah Colman, Esq., .the henry Chamberlia, Esq. Mayor of Norwich. - Edward Willett, Esq. Charles Winter, En., the Sheriff John Wright, Bag. of Norwich. John Riding Barnard, Esq. BANICSIS.-;--74/oSlre. Gurneys and Birkbeck, Norwich. SOLICITORS.--Airisrs. Beckham, Cooke, and Beckham, Norwich. iitucasTorr (pro. tem.)—Charles S. Gillman, Esq. Offices, St. Odes-street and Bethel-street, Norwich. Prospectuses and further information may be obtained of Messrs. Beckham,' Cooke, and. Rackham, St. Giles-street, and C. S. Gillman, Esq., Bethel-street, Norwich, and also of the fol lowing sharebrokors :—Richard 'Clark and Co., .g, Austin Friars, Broad-street, Lond,ou i Thomas Barber, Esq., Royal Bank-buildings, Liverpool ; Thomas Todtal, Eriq., Marsden-street, Manchester ; Messrs. Tootal, Barff, and Flint, Leeds ; and Messrs. Grayston and Earle, York, at whose respective offices forms of application tbr shares may be had. • T HE QUARTERLY REVIEW,' No. CLVII., wilrbo published onßiinin.sx heat CONTENTS: I. THE MARQUIS..of MONTROR.;‘, -- - 11. TALES by a BARRISTER. = 111. PRESENT STATE of SCIEI!TQZ=TARADAY'fiI DES COVERIMI. IV. THE RAGGED sgnooLs.: V. THE STUARTS In:ITALY.. VI. GIL VICEITTE 7 -PORTUGUEET DRAMA. • VII. IRELAND. • VIII. DIVISION of PROPERTY in FRANCE. John Murray, Albemarle-sireat. Nate , W01.11t.. On the 3lst instant wilr be imblisha, price is., the Fourth Number of O S DEALINwith the FIRM of DOMBEY and SON', and; for exportation. Ry CHARLES DICKENS. With Illulitrations•by HARLOT K- BROWNE. London: Bradbury abd Evans, Whitefriars. RUBLICAT lONS •thi Thursday will be published, Up LACK WOOWS.'EDINBURGH Jur. MAGAZI4E.—No. CCCLX-XV . for . JANUARY 1847. Price 2s. 6d. • CONTENTS : The Court of L 0143 Philippe. Mildred; a Tale: Chap. IV. Eugene, Marlborough, Frederick, Napoleon, and Wellington. Lays and Legends of the Thames. Prussian Military Aferimins. Lappenberg's Artglo-Saxons; Scottish Melodiefi, by Delta. - General Mack ; Christina* Carol. Reflections Suggested by the Career of the Late Premier. William Blackwood and Sons, 45, George-street, Edinburgh ; and 37, Paternoster-roil% London. E RASER'S MAGAZINE FOR JANUARY. Price 2s 6d., contains— !. The Past, the Present, and the Coming. 2. Rhymes for Christmas, English and Latin. 8. Scenes in the Wilds or Mexico. Cayetano the Contrabandista. 4. Favourite Haunts and Rural Studies. 5. The Sacrifices.' A Tale sr Ancient Rome. 6. Gatherings from Spain, by the Author of "The Hand-Book of Spain. 7. A Word or Two about Mark Antony. 8. A Legend of Forfarshire. Part I. 9. Literary Legislators. No. I. Mr. B. Disraeli: Part I. [O. Touching Head's Book and Canada. By Morgan Rattler, Esquire, M.A., An A t pprent:ce of the Lawl . , 1. A Grumbler about Chfistmas Boolos. By If: A. Titmareh. C. W. Nickbison, 215, Reg ent , stiee.t; London. UNITEI) SEAVIC•E • MAGAZINE, and NAVAL cud MILITARY' s JOURNAL, for JAW LARY, 1847. - • , . • , coirgzx:sts. Thiers' History of the Consulate and the Empire. 'the Station of Maroon Tbwn, Jamaica, and the Way to It. By One Serving There. t Massacre and Destruction of Natchez. Tho Sikhs and the, -Punjab.; ti The Remains of MUD. The Confessions of a Pirate. A Tale of the Sea. s History of Texas. By a Traveller. Biographical Sketch of Admiral Thomas Mathew. Guard Room Stories. Edited by Klingunoporn. T.eeellections of the Early-Life of a Sailor. The Present War in Kafigland. 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By ROBERT,FORTUNE, Botanical Colloc—, tor to the Hortleußttraf society a 'John s , ,itiriay, Albent4rle-street. Corrected' to the pres lit time. Post Bvo. cloth, 9s. C lIURTON'S 'ENPLISH COUNTY KA- LaTDA,4 FOR 1847. Containing an Alrnanack„ a concise' description of each County, its Ge ograp hi ca l Position, PCpulation, Cities, Towns, Civil and Clerical Divisions, Places of ,Electlon, Produce, Commerce, Statistics, lairs, Markets, Railway Stations, &c. ; wth Lists of the Lords-Lieu tenants, High Sheriffs, Members of Parllameut, Deputy-Lieutenants, ,‘, l agistrates, County Officers, Legal Functionaries, Bankers, Foreign stamps and Taxes : with a Map of all the :11:30,111,,t:Y finished, in progress, . Post. or thattiave received the suction of Legislature. ' Is an exeeedingly useful book ofreferonce, and the matter it of a boot at ones varied ; practical, and well arranged. 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