The Sun. — London, England, 1846-04-14 00:00:00

6 4S 2. Ir. 7 6 5 „ - PP 7 t o „ 7 26 „ 7 42 „ 7 sa 8 20 „ V 26 „ Colchester Mart's Tey Kelvedon Witham Hatfield Chelmsford Ingatestone Brentwood Romford 4s. 6d. 4 6 4 0 3 6 3 0 3 0 2 6 2 0 1 6 ♦rriving in London abo•.:t 9.7. and returning from London at 0.30 o'ciczk the same day. X.l3.—Parties intending to avail themselves of the above E:enr• sion Trains, are recommended to make early application for tickets, as a limited number only will be issued. Tickets to be had on application at the stations as above, en and after the 6th April.—lly order, London, April 9, 1846 C. P. RONEY, Secretary. E ASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. NEWMARKET RACES. The pullac are respectfully informed, that in addition to the ordi nary trains, SPECIAL TRAINS will run between LONDON, CBES TERFORD, and CAMBRIDGE, in connexion with coaches to and from Newmarket, as follows, per orming the entire distance in less than four hours .—Tuesday, and Wednesday, April 14, and 15-Ist and 2d class, from London to Cambridge, at 8.40 a.m., calling at Lea-bridge, Broxbourne, Bishop Stortford, and Chesteriord, and returning from Cambridge at 6.30., and from Chesterford at 7.0 p.m. Friday, April 17-Ist and 2d class, at 5.15 p.m. from Cambridge, and 5.45 p.m. from Chesterford to London, calling at Bishop Stanford, Broxbourne, and Lea bridge. Passengers will be booked through between London and New market, at their option, either via Chesterford or Cambridge, at the following fares, including coach fares and fees to coachmen : Single Ticket Day Ticket to and from to and from Newmarket. Newmarket. 17s. 6d. ........ 30s. Ist Class by Railway and Inside the Coach. let Class by Railway and outside the Coach ...... . - • • • • 2d Class by Railway and outside the The day tickets are only available for the return journey on the day for which they are issued. Private carriages and horses will be conveyed by any atte above trains, and by the ordinary trains as heretofore, at the following rates to and from London and Cambridge : 14s. 641. . ..... .. 245. VIA CII7.BTERFOED. Horses. Carrl-: ages. VIA CAMISSIDGE. Carrl- Horses. 1 ages. Single Ticket.... Day Ticket available the same day only tst ..1 2d. 1 3d.1 ; Ist. 2d. 3d. s. d. s. (Lis. d. s., d. I s..d. ,s. d. s. d. s. d. 16 0 2fco 40 0,.20 •j 19 6 34 0 49 0 24 6 1 . I 24 0 42 0 60 0 30 0 .29 6 51 0 75 6, 27 0 i N.B. Tickets for the special trains may be had on application at the station, Shoreditch, and at the Golden Cross, Charing-cross, on and atter the Gtit of April ; and as a limited number only will be issued, parties intending to avail themselves of this arrangement are recommended to make early application. Poet horses and coaches amply provided for every train—at Ches terford station by Messrs. Edwards, Bottom, and Sabine ; and at Cambridge by Messrs. Edlin, Mitchell, and Starkey. Orders for previously securing post horses to be addressed to Mr. Edwards, Crown Inn, Chesterford ; and Mr. Starkey, railway station, Cambridge. Similar arrangements will be made for the First Spring Meet ing, particulars of which will be announced by advertisement in due course. By order, C. P. RONEY, Secretary. General offices, Shoreffitch, London, March 28, 1846. ; FINEG SPERMSperm , is 6 : 1 CANDLES, Telli:wi•oap 4s I ) A 1 S p ' e S r lb. 465., 525., aad Ins. per 11211 a.; Mottled, I s., GN. and 648.; Wax Candles. Is. per lb. ; German, is . 2d. ; Fine Wax, Is. Id. ; Trans parent Wax, Is. td. ; Genuine Wax, 2s. Id. ; Store Candles, 5 1 4 ; I xtra Waxed-wick Moulds, alit'. ; Genuine Sperms Oil, 7s. per gallon ; Solar, 3s. id. , Pale Seal, is. id. ; Argand, or Tegetable, 4s. Gd. ; wind , or Soap, !Li I. per packet ; Patna, Is. 4d. ; Old crown Windier, Is. Sid.; C e. 25.; Almond, 2s. Gd. ; Seallnz Wax, 4s. 6d. per ; Hale's I erior Paragon Composite, requiring me salut ing, 9N ,1 - For Cash—lt D Oli lEst ablished Warelsoaso, 62, St. opposite New Illsughter's Coffee-house. OUR VICTORIES IN INDIA I Murrell for our army—the pride of the world! Victorious their banned s proudly unfini'd ; And Europe now rings with the Sutiej campaign, For bravely we've beat them again and again! Oh 1 who can compete with our brave-hearted sons ? What honour, what laurels, what fame have they won 1. They care net for danger—nor idly would lag, but nobly advance in defence of our flag ! And " Hyam's° a conqueror 1 - look at his dress, It carries through England triumphant success! And the French with dismay are compell'd to admit, That •• Ilyam" has made a most " palpable hit 1" So whether in commerce -or whether in war, All nations on earth we can beat them afar. Hurrah ! then for England—for.llyam and drug, Whilst fame spreads our triumphs and signal success!! L. HYAM'S TAILORING, WOOLLEN DRAPERY, AND OUTFITTING ESTABLISHMENT, 36, Graceelinreh-street, London. SPRING PALETOTS, in endless vcriety........ from 155. Od. An Immense Assortment of SHOOTING COATS from as. 6d. YOUTH'S CLOTH HUSSAR and TUNIC SUITS from 16s. 6d. LIST OF PRICES. READY-MADE GARMENTS. FOURTH QUALITY # N. d. Drsis Coat, Black cloth . ..... . 1 1 • Trousers, ditto ditto .....• .......... 0 9 6 Vest, ditto ditto The Suit of Black complete .... ...... 1 16 THIRD QUALITY. Dress Coat, of any colour • •••••• • • • • • • Trousers, ditto ditto •• • • ...... Vest • ditto ditto ... •• The Suit complete ............ om• • • • •• SECOND QUALITY. Dual Coat, of any colour .............. I 10 0 Trousers, ditto ditto -...... 0 6 Vest, ditto ditto The Suit complete • " • FIRST AND BEST QUALITY. Dress Coat of and colour ... Trousers, ditto ditto ......... ..... 081 6 Vest, p d i i e t t t e o ditto .............. 0 6 . e Th com uo t a rt al i ch le4 e e e S r on ma t de to order in the very best style, at a small addi he:ready-made list prices. Is mansmanaged JeralleEns CUTTING DEPARTMENT such garments persons of known talent and great experience, aid y are produced that will defy comparison. NOTICIL—To save trouble and time, and facilitate the business of this establishment, purchasers are respectfully informed that story article Is marked the selling price in on eprlaatiinfigures, from which no de ductions can be mad e en any considwhatever. Money will be returned to any purchaser, his purchase after seeing the articles at his should he not a pp rove o f l own house. No business transacted o n Saturdays un ti l r the eveniag. A beet, containing a general list of prices, can be had on appli cation. The Public are respectfully informed that most extensive altera tions for the accommodation of its patrons a re d now compl eted, and that the elegant Show-rooms for th e ordered dep artment and cutting saloon will be opened on MONDAY NE XT, the 1 , with an entire new stock of Superfine West of England fA p ril , Broad C loths, i the Most novel designs in Trowserings, Vestings, and new materials for Summer Over• coats that can be produced in the kingdom. An early inspection Is respectfully solicited. 1 6 0 12 0 6 2 li EASE AND COMFORT IN SHAVING.-B. and S. COWVIN'S invaluable CANTON STROP, or Quad rilateral Chinese Razor-Sharpener, patronised by his Royal Highness Prince Albert, renders the operation of shaving pleasant to the most hinder akin. By a very simple prucess, the keenest edge may very ancedily be given to the bluntest razor. B. and G. Cowvan's pecu liarly tempered Razors and Tooth and Shaving-powder. !Specimens r r the strops are exhibited at the Royal Polytechnic Institution. tp,: 51 . 4 the raany flattering testimonials received, the following, from most eminent surgeon, Mr. C. Aston Key, Is selected : es,: 81 / 1 ." -- " I have made trial of your razor-strop, and find it to an -47, Detter than any strop that I have hitherto need for ng a 4 ige to eatting Instruments for anatomical and sergical " C. ASTON KEY." M aw ,. „ 164 , „J others may be seen at the inventors', B. and S. Cuwvan, ofaii`.. enc harch-street, where the strops, &c., may be obtained, and I.7o,,,,,?'pectable perfumers, &c., price ti. 75. C*l " and 9e. ". Desm: r t l'. Carlton Razor - strop Paste at Is. a packet. The Shriving -11. 64141% 6 d. ; and Prussian Court Tosthpowder at Is. Esd. and ssfautic uflrp ej - :• — Xotto aro genuise except =uked and spelt " B. and 8. PDURTERNTII EDITION of the SILENT FRIEND on Liuman Frailty, with Coloured Engravings. Jest published, price 2s. 64., free by post (in &sealed envelope) 38.64. 'PHE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work or the Infirmities of the System( n both sexes ; and on the loss or the reproductive powers, with means of restoration. The banana effects of indulge. ce, &c., are dilly pointed out. Illustrated by En gravings; followed by observations on Marriage. By it. and L. PERRY and Co. Consulting Surgeons, London. Published by the Authors, and may be had at their residence 19, BERNERS-STREET, OXFORD-STREET. Sold by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row ; Hannay and Co., 63, Ox ford-street; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Purkiss, Compton street, Soho ; Sanger and Co., Oxford-street ; and all Booksellers. "We regard the work before us, the Silent Friend,' as a work embracing most clear and practical views of a series of complaint, hitherto little understood, and passed over by a majority of the me- Heal profession, for what reason we are at a loss to know. We mint however confess that a perusal of this work has left sack a faveurabh. impression on ear minds, that we net only recommmd, but cordially wish every one who is the victim of past folly, or suffering from-Indis cretion, to profit by the advice contained Is its pages."—Age and Aro*. The CORDIAL BALM of STRIACUM is exclusively directed to the cure of nervous debility, irregularity, weakniss, loss of ap petite, indigestion, consumptive habits, &ad debilities arising floer excess, asc. In bottles, price I Is., er the quantity of four in one bottle for 335., whicb l Is. are saved. The Ave-peand cases may be had as usual. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, a remedy for searching oat and purifying the blood from scurvy, blotches on the head, face, sad body, ulcerations, and thoao painfl+l affections arising from improper treatment or the effects of mercury. removing secondary symptoms, and all eruptions of the akin. Price Ils. and 335. per bottle. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2e. 9d., 4s. 6d., and lie. per box, are the most effectual remedy for strictures, htMar• mation, &c., without hindrance to burliness. Consultation fee, if by letter, U. Minute detail of cases necessary. Messrs. It. and L. Perry and Ce., surgeons, may be consulted. as usual, at 19, kterners-street, Gifford -street, London, daily, and at 106, Duke-s , eet, Live, - pool, every Thursday, Friday, and Saturdsy ; And at 10, St. Joan-street, Deansgate, Malik he ;ter. on M•oudays, Tuesdays. and Wednesdays. OK THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. WITS TWENTY-FIVE COLOURED ENGRAVINGS. Just published, Sixteenth Thousand, in a sealed envelope, price 2s. 6d., or post paid, to any address, for 3s. 6d. In Postage Stamps •r Post-office Order. (QELF, PRESERVATION: A Medical Treatise L_7 on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity. Illustrated with Twenty-five Coloured Plates on the Anatomy. Physic.' gy, and Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Organs, explaining their various structures, uses, and functions, and showing the injuries that are produced in them, by solitary habits, and other excesses. With Practical Observations on the Treatment of Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and other diseases of toe Urethra. YT SAMUEL LA'MERT, CONSULTING SURGEON, Matri 9, Bedford- s t reet, Bedford-square, London ; Memberculated Member of the U n i vers i ty of Ed i n b urgh, Monorary of the London Hospital Medloal Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Mall, London, Ste., &c. ItZTIERS OF TUN WORE, "The author of this singular and talented work ii a legally quali fied medical of who has evidently had considerable experience in the treatment of the various disorders arising from th e follies and frailties of early indiscretion. The engravings are an Invaluable ad dition, by demonstratin g the consequences of excesses, which. must act as a salutary warning to youth and maturity, and by Its perusal many questions may be satisfactorily replied to, that admit of no ap peal, even to the most conildenthtl friend." —Era. from Published by the Author, and may be had a t hi s residence; also S. Gilbert, 52, fate row ; Rannay and Co., 63, Oxford street 1 Stark, Tichborne-street, Quadrant ; Gordon, 146, Leaden hall-street, London; Newton, 16, Church-street, Liverpool ; and by all Booksellers. At Ilome for Consultation daily, from Nine till Two, and from Five till h and all letters immediately replied to, if containing the fee of It., for advice, &c.-9, BEDFORD -STREET, BEDFORD- LONDON. EYE -BROWS, KERS produced in a few weeks by ES, and Wills ushgedrawl from choice Aromatic Herbs, the .%r essentlal Spirit propertie s of YE-BROWS, MO which are known only to the Inventor , and although perfectly cent in itself, will produce new hair on bald p laces, eausedby ak noes of constitution, or where N ature has not bestow ed this weak noes ment of the human figure. It has been known to many of the Nobi lity and Gentry upwards of eleven years, some of whom the Inven tor most sincerely thanks for their attestation of its merits, in the certainty of restoring Hair and giving it additional lustre and strength. Its virtues are manifold—it prevents the Hair from fall ing off or turning gray; a few drops on the crown of the head will remove the most distressing pain in that part produced by or at tended with faintness ; and is acknowledge d by the Faculty as the only specific known to cure that disease of the head called Porigo de ealvans (which causes the Bair to come oft in patches) ; a few applications remove dandriff. This wonderful discovery is fully ex plained in a pamphlet, containing testimonials to its regenerating new Hair upon bald places, entitled, " Three Minutes' Advice on the Growth and Preservation of the Human Hair," by W. Grimstone, Inventor of the Aromatic Regenerator for the Growth of the human Hair, and a certain preventative of headache and fainting ; also a toilet perfume—bearing the Inventor's signature, Herbary, High gate, near London Sold only in triangular bottles, with name, &c. &e., cast thereon, at 45., 75., and I Is. each, Government stamp included, wholesale and retail, by all Chemists, Druggists, and Perfumers, and by special appointment TIC FOLLOWING AGENTS FOR LONDON. Messrs. J. and E. Atkinson, perfumers, 24, Old Bond-street. Messrs. Fisher and Toiler, Chemists, Conduit street, Boni-street. J. Sanger, Patent Medicine Vendor, 150, Oxford-street. Messrs. Hannay and Co., Chemists, &c., 63, Oxford-street. Messrs. Barclay and Son, Patent Medicine Warehouse, Farringdon _-__ street. Thos Keating, Chemist, 79, St. Paul's-churchyard. E. Edwards, Patent Medicine Warehouse, 67, St. Paul's-churchyard. Butler, Patent Medicine Warehouse, 4, Cheapside. Messrs. W. Sutton and Co., Patent Medicine Warehouse, Bow churchyard. 11. Johnston, Patent Medicine Warehouse, 68, Corrihlll. Messrs. Langton, Brothers, and Scott. Wholesale Druggists, 225 and 226, Thames -street. Messrs. Drew and Hayward. Wholesale Huts, Great Trinity lane. Messrs. Butler and Muckley, herbalists, Covent-garden. T. Front, Medicine Vendor, 229, Strand. R. Hendree, Perfumer, Tlchborne-street. M. FOR MANCHESTER. L eresehe, Patent Medicine Vendur, Advertiser Office. FOR EXETER. Belden Medicine Warehouse, North-street, Devonshire Chronicle Office. OR BANBMIT. W Potts, Medici ne Vendor, F Guardian FOR ENNISKILLEN, IRELAND. 11, 13evan, Chronicle once. Paa XDINIUMIOR. Messrs. J. and R. Raknes and C.o. Druggists. &e.. Leith-walk. N.B. The 7s. size contains two of the 4e., and the I Is. size con tains four times the quantity of the 4s. tty forwarding a Post-000 ordw for M. N I To. N g or Mini fin wit As relemed. ORNIERAL STEAM NATIGAT!OIf COMPANI"S splendid and powerful first-class STEAM SHIPS are appointed to leave the Custom House er Tower for— lIAMBURGH, carrying her Majesty's Mails —Every Wednesday and Saturday Morning. ROT'fIiRDAM, carrying her Majesty's Mails, from Blacks all Pier--Every Wednesday and Saturday Morning, at Ten. ANTWERP—From Blackwell Fier—Every Thursday, at Eleven, Morning. HAVRE—From St. Katharine's Wharf—Every Sunday and Thursday, at Eight, Morning. From London Bridge Wharf, for — OSTEND—Every Wednesday and Saturday Morning. BOULOGNE—Every Thursday and Saturday. CALAIS—Every Thursday and Sunday Morning. HULL—Every Tuesday and Friday, at Eight, Morning. YARMOUTH—Every Wednesday and Saturday, at Six, Eyeing. From Brown's Whirr, Poplar, for— EDINBURGH-L-Reduced Faree—April 11, lb, 18, 25, and 119, at Ten, Evening. From Colman'e Irengate Wharf—Redneed Faree—for— NEWCASTLE--Every Saturday. at Eight, Evening. Between BRIGHTON and DIEPPE—Every Wednesday and Saturday. To secure ' Berths, for Freight and Bills: containing hours of departure, fares, &c., apply at the Offices, 69, Lombard-street ; 37, Regent-circus ; and 35, Leadenhall-street. GRAVESEND STAR and BLACKWALL PACKETS. Packet and Railway Fare Included is, one Payment. FROM THE BRUNSWICK WHARF, BLACKWALL. no Trains starting One Quarter of an hour before each of these times. WEEK BAYS.—At 9%, 10%, 11, 12, 1%, 3%, 1, 6, and 7. SUNDAYS.—At 954, 101, 11, 1%, 9,6, and 7. FROM "'HE NEW TERRACE PIER, SRATESEND. WEEK DAYS.—.a 71, 8%, 9%, 11% 1,3, 4,5, and 6. IBUNDATS.—At 71, 8%, 11%, 3,4, 9,6, and 7. LOWEST FARES. Fere Cabin and Second Class Railway, 6d. Saloon and First Class Railway, 9d. ..... 0 - REATEVE STERN RAI LWAY. The DIRECTORS of this COMPAN Y Ire ready to receive TENDERS for LOANS of MONEY , in stuns of not less than 1,0001. for a period of live or seven years, on the security of mortgage de bentures, bearing interest at the rate of four per cent. per annum, payable half yearly. Applications may be made to the undersigned, at the Railway (Mice, Paddington station. CHARLES A. SAUNDERS, Secretary. EASTER HOLIDAYS. F. AST ERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. I Excursion Tickets will be issued on TUESDAY, and WanNEsDAT, 14th, and 15th of April, from London to Brox bourne, the Rye House, St. Margaret's, Ware, and Hertford, and from those places to London and back, by the trains leaying London at 9.0, 10.38, 12.0 morning, 1.30, 3.20, 4.30, 5,45, 7,0 afternoon ; and rom Hertford at 8.15, 9.15, 12.38 morning, 2.30, 4.50, 7.20 afternoon FARES TO AND FROM LONDON AND First Class. iSecond Class.l Third Class. Broxbourne Eye Mouse St. Margaret's - - - - Ware Hertford 6d . 2s 0 3 O 3 O 3 O 3 Is. 9,1. 0 20 6 2 3 6 2 3 6 2 3 These tickets are only available on the day for which they are esued. EXCURSION TRAINS WILL RUN AS FOLLOWS, ON =ASTER MONDAY: From London to Cambridge, calling at the following stations, in third-class open carriages only : Fare to Cambridge and back. is. Od. Time of Starting. 9 45 ♦. K. 9 55 „ 10 0 „ 10 5 „ 10 15 „ 10 25 ~ From London Stratford Lea Bridge Tottenham Waltham Broxbourne Arrivlrig at Cambridge about 11.0 o'clock, and returning from Cambridge at 6 o'clock the same day, stopping at the same stations. From Cambridge to London, calling at the stations as follows, in third-class open carriages only:— Time of Starting. 7 o♦. M. 7 15 „ 7 so „ 7 35 „ 8 12 „ Fare to London and back. bs. ed. 5 0 5 0 4 II 3 0 2 6 Cambride Chesterford Wenden Newport Bishop's Stortford - - Harlow Arriving in London about 9 o'clock, and returning from London at 9 o'clock P. ad., the same day, stopping at the above stations. Prom Colchester to London, in third-class open carriages only, calling at the stations as follows : Time of Departure. Fare to London and back. . . , . , .. . _ ,. ...L .... . ____ i___...%). • ~ . .4 , r.r. , , ........ 40, Z. ho • --„, , ~,. ~,,,,„, , 1 t , ' , ‘ -, ; 0; Aliir - '''' .. ' C• 2 lesZ - '``... 4 • s , e ; '•'?`, ) „s • • ' I 1•1' , " , , '''',,,, O . -../ ' "‘‘ • - ;wi li -- 4....4, ' I, t• -riA(q. . t .,,z.........,,..; 0.......... .\;„ •. f--z.- • ~, .. ~:...... - . .. •.,. A . „..„._,..,,,,,, _,_. =••„...04,...t.,:•.,,... kr 1 • ~., , , . 5„, 1,, ~.. ..,„„ ......_ 0, ~...,. .2 ......... ~.. /.r. . , 7.......4.,,,,‘„___., ..(..,„ z ..7 , A n i r 1 ; • ti .••. 1 . - 4 v a l goi, 1 r c.. 1 - 11 -; : . ' °' ' - ' b Ell yn i1P11. , .... , 17. - ' ..7, : "t% ~,,,,,,...., II ~,, 0 .1 \ 7 ke:y , i 'OPP4 . .i?,..r .7 . , ,z,.. „. ..... ~.,,c .: .. PRICE SD. No. 16,713. LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING EASTER lIOLYDAYS. Novelties of extrem interest and information a t the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION Scenes in the OREGON TERRITORY form a part of an en tirely NEW SERIES of DISSOLVING VIEWS. PORTRAITS of the most Distinguished Men ii the SIKH GOVERNMENT and ARMY of LAHORE, magnified by the OPAQUE MICROSCOPE ; also, Portraits of Sir Henry Hardinge, Sir Robert and Lady Sale. The PHYSIOSC"PE and CHROMATROPE, wish new and beautiful variations. The most interesting of the Novelties at work are MACINTOSH'S ROTARY ENGINE, COLEMAN'S PATENT LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE for ascending and descending Inclined Planes, FARRELL'S ARCHIMEDIAN RAILWAY, an ENVE LOPE CUT TING MACHINE, WOOD'S NEW PATENT STEAM ENGINE GOVF;RNOit, and the ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY. Experiments with the DIVING BELL and DIVER. Lectures on CHEMISTRY and NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, with brilliant ex periments. Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price. A brief Description of the Oregon Territory, from Notes by a Nine Tears' Resident, presented to the Visitors. LAW LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY Fleet-street, Next St. Dunstan's Church, April 9, 1846. Notice is hereby given that the dividends on the capital stock of this Society, for the year 1845, are iu the course of payment, and can be received any day ( l'uesday excepted) between the hours of Ten and Three o'clock. By order of the Directors, GEORGE KIRKPATRICK, Actuary, N ATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY, 26, CORNIIILL, LOIOSOE, Capital 2,500,000. Empowered by Aet of Parliament This institution offers important and substantial adv.n tages with respect both t« Life Assuranoes and Deferred Annuities. Tie assured has, on all occasions, the power to borr)w, without ex pense or forfeiture of the Polley, two-thirds of the premium paid, !see table); also the option of selecting benefits. and the conwrsion of hi- interests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates. DIVISION OF PROFIT:. The success and increasing prosperity of the Society kits enabler he Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a third dorms, varying from :Su to 75 per cent. on the nremiams paid on .ach Policy effected on the Profit scale. O NE GUINEA WELLINGTON BOOTS made to measure by G. GARRETT, Bootmaker, by special appointment, to the King of the Belgians. A week of the most fashionable and highly-finished Boots kept ready made, to suit the oonvenience of Noblemen, Officers of the united Services, and Gen tlemen who prefer trying on Boots to giving an order. LI. Garrett, Army Bootmaker, 120, Jermyn-street, St. James's. NICOLL'S PALETOT of LLAMA CLOTH registered 6 and 7 Vic., cap. 66. patronised by the Prince Consort, Prince George of Cambridge, Sec. This overcoat reoommends itself to the Public generally by its peculiar elasticity and lightness, moderate price, and able defence against the almost constant humidity of the climate of Great Britain. To be had in London only of the Patentees, 114. Regent-street. T HE REGISTERED SHIRT WAREHOUSE 42, REGENT-CIRCUS, PICCADILLY. The Proprietor begs to state that in the form of the REGISTERED SHIRT a very great improvement is effected, yet care is taken to preserve the easy looseness so necessary to this garment, together with a plain smooth setting front, and to retain this appearance during the whole time in wear. But a further and a most important advantage is offered—the material of those parts seen, viz., the fronts, collars, and wristhands, are composed of the Golden Flax Linen, now so widely celebrated for the purity of its bleach, thus presenting a beautiful snow-white appearance. The Proprietor fur ther begs to state, that rigorous attention Is given towards moderate prices and excellence of workmanship. Any philanthropic lady or gentleman wit. may he desirous of giving employment to persons of reduced means with such intention, the Proprietor of this establish ment will be happy to to-operate, and merely requires to see a spe cimen of work, and a card of the lady or gentleman recommending. Samples of the Golden Flax Linen, with prices and direction 4 for self-measurement, will be cheerfully forwarded by post to non-reel dents in London. . . --- --- --------- Address, Registered Shirt Warehouse, 42, Regent-street, Piccadilly PUBLICATIONS. NEW AND AMUSING NOVEL, Entitled "BILL BLAKE," or " A TRIP TO PARIS," by the Author of " Edwin Leslie ;" Also, an Interesting Sketch, entitled, " THE PLEASURE PARTY, will be published in the Columns of THE ULSTER GAZETTE, COMMENCING APRIL 13, 1846, AND CONTINUED IN CONSECUTIVE SECTIONS UNTIL FINISHED: — The Ulster Gazette, Irish Turf Register and Sporting Chronicle, (established in 1843), is published every MONDAY, in the city of Armagh, and is a journal devoted to the interests of Agriculture, to the encouragement and record of Field Sports, and other species of rational amusement. It is Non-political, and its columns contain, besides Parliamentary, Army, and Navy News, all the Irish Sport ing Intelligence of the Week,—Racing, Hunting, Coursing, Yachting, Angling, Shooting, &c.,—tegether with Original Articles on Veteri nary Science and Agriculture. Publishing Office, 9, Russell-street, Armagh, and 28, Lower Ormond-quay, Dublin, where Orders for the Paper, Advertisements, and Communications, are respectfully requested to be addressed. Terms—Single Paper, 414 d. ; Quarterly, 4s. 6d.; or 17s. 6d. a Year. London Agent—Thompson, Palsgravc-place, Temple-bar. ADDRESS OF THE COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE. In announcing to the friends of the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge the suspension of the operations of the Society which has for twenty years successfully laboured in the pro motion of that object, the Committee feel it necessary to make a short statement in explanation of their motives. The Society was founded in 1826. It owes its establish ment to Lord Brougham, whose personal exertions first brought the Committee together, and who has continued in the office of chairman throughout its existence, and not only in the office, but in the unremitting performance of its duties. The Society owes to Lord Brougham, among other things, the first treatise which was published, the Prelimi nary Treatise of the Library of Useful Knowledge, the value of which, as a statement of " The Objects, Advantages, and Pleasures of Science," is well known. The political circumstances of the time had much influence in producing its formation. It could not be otherwise at a period when the opinion that there was danger to religion and to Government in the spread of knowledge was avowed by many, acted on by more, and generally supposed, whether justly or not, to be at least not discouraged by those at the head of the State. It needed an energetic combination, both of well known names and of working power, to create an effective opposition to a principle now exploded, and which never could have been true except upon suppositions anything but advanta geous to the religion and the Government in support of which it was brought forward. If this fear of knowledge still ex isted, the Committee would hold it necessary to continue their active operations. But it does not now exist ; all par ties at this day appeal to the reason of the people at large, desire them to instruct themselves, and offer them the means The advocates of knowledge are more powerful than their' opponents ever were, and those opponents have disappeared. At its commencement the Society determined, with obvious prudence, to avoid the great subjects of religion and govern ment, on which it was impossible to touch without provoking angry discussion. At a time when the spirit which produced the events of 1828, 1829, and 1832 was struggling with those who, not very long before, had tried to subdue it by force; when religious disqualification and political exclusion occu pied the daily attention of the press; and when the friends of education were themselves divided on the best way of ad justing these and other matters of legislation —any inter ference with theology or politics would have endangered the existence of a union which demanded the most cordial co operation from all who wished well to the cause. That the Society took an appearance of political colour from the fact that almost all its original supporters were of one party in politics, is perfectly true; but it is as true that if the Com mittee had waited to commence operations until both parties had been ready to act together, the work would have been yet to begin ; and the good which so many of the Society's old opponents admit that it has done, would have been left undone. But the Committee remember with great satisfaction, that this impossibility of com bining different views in support of a great object ex tended only to politics. From the commencement, the Society consisted of men of almost every religious per suasion. The harmony in which they have worked to gether is sufficient proof that there is nothing in differ ence of doctrinal creed which need prevent successful association, when the object is good and the points of dispute are avoided. It is, however, worth notice, that the attacks which were made upon the tendency of the Society were almost wholly directed against its supposed effect on religion, and very little indeed against its presumed political consequences. Few cried sedition, but a great many cried infidelity ; and this, though this Society mainly consisted of members of that party which had been long charged by those very opponents with a design to bring about a revolution. To all these attacks the Society has offered but one reply—a steady perseverance in the course which com mon sense pointed out as the proper method of gaining its object. The opinions, or, as the result has shown, the preju dices, which were to be overcome, were twofold. Beside the feeling that knowledge is dangerous, there existed a notion that taste for the results of accurate thought and patient research was not very widely spread, which was combined, on the part of publishers and booksellers, with a fear that cheap books would ruin them. When the decided success with which the Society's first efforts were attended drew the attention of the trade, there was an alarm which, if good sense bad not gained a hearing sooner than has happened in other cases, would have ended in an application to Parliament for protection—a measure actually proposed, and no doubt discussed. The same rational feeling which prevented so childish a pro position from being listened to, suggested the propriety of meeting the Society with its own weapons ; and the Committee has the greatest pleasure in avowing that while the adoption of this determination on the part of the trade is one of the best proofs that the Society has gained its end, its success is one of the main causes of the present address, and of the resolution which it announces. The cause which was to be promoted may now be safely left to the spirit which the example of the Society has awakened among those whose busines it is, for their own sakes, to pro mote knowledge amorg the people, and who have now come to see that it is both their business and their in terest. There are many publishers who will be the worthy successors of the Society, and who were its best friends from the moment they became its rivals. And even though there may not always be found in the trade of any one large city such men as Mr. Charles Knight in London, or Messrs. Chambers in Edinburgh, who add to the usual motives of commercial men a sincere per sonal interest in the progress of knowledge and the power of able writers, yet the Committee feel very sure that never again will the maxims of the bookselling busi ness be one of the producing causes of such a Society as thst over which they preside. And the members of that trade, or the more candid among them, will admit, as some have admitted, that the exertions of the Society have greatly widened the field of their labour and of their profits. When the Committee was first constituted, and during the time previous, every attempt to publish cheap books had been accompanied by a deterioration either of print or of matter. One of the facts which the Society de sired to establish, and has established, is that a work need not be bad because it is cheap. It is not for the Committee to give any opinion on the details of the treatises they have published : but they may allow themselves a word on the character of the opposition to which they have always more or less been subject. Some organs of the periodical press, as well as indi vidual writers, have frequently sneered at the works of the Society in the bulk ; but no one has ever ventured to take the state of English literature as it was in 1826, and treatise to treatise, and book to book to show that its efforts were needless. Should any person be found hardy enough to make the attempt, it is no exaggeration to say that he must choose his instances out of works averaging from ten to ta enty times the prices at which those of the Society were produced. Neither will the Committee, while dw e lling u p on the good which they know, and which all know, has been done, make any claim to an exclusive species of merit. They will rather describe their own association as a necessary incident of the time in which they live. A spirit was awakened of which they have been the instruments a spirit which led to the successive foundation of University College, King's College, and the University of London, and which had previously established the Mechanics' Institutes ; which overthrew the laws ex cluding Roman Catholic and Protestant Dissenters from the public service ; which reformed the representation in spite of the utmost efforts of wealth and power ; which broke the chain of slavery throughout the British em pire, and is still at work in forwarding the best interests of the whole human race. But the acknowledgment thus made diminishes nothing of any claim which the Society may have upon public gratitude. There is hardly any good, hardly even a discovery in science, of which it may not be said that it did come when it must have come, if riot from one hand, then from another. But the ripe o ns e s s xp o lw f a hi t n h o a e awr t ae i y m th e e , though it see shouldthst what be oughtused, asto be regards a l o r h d e can s to the e be don e , on l y to explain merit. their success, is oft en ma d e As soon as it became evident that not only individual booksellers, but other public l bodies, had become imi tators of the Society's h g i e ts ne e r x a ert e i x on a s mp . le, and that the triumphant, le rmaapiindipyrbinecciopmleinogn completely re th o e u re nded was feeling in the minds o f several members of thear csoeni mittee that the work was done, and that the Society should, after completing its existing engagements with the public, pronounce its own labours at an end. Whe ther such a Society should have a permanent existence as a bookselling corporation, in competition with private trade, or whether it should consider itself as ca ll e d into existence for a particular object, to last only until that object was gained, might have been a matter of opinion. But if there were any serious differ ence of feeling on this point , there wa s an obviousdiffi culty has kept many a private traderin to retire. I in bringing the question to issue, a diffitocutlhty; end d ic o h f business his life, in spite of his general intention t is hard to determine at what one particular time, rather than another, during the currency of the several series of works, the resolution should be taken to begin nothing new thenceforward. i The indefinite nite question term of whether i i t was proper was to con co v n er te te m d p i l n a t t o e an that of whether it was possible, by the circumstances at e existe n ce n at tending the publication of the " Biographical Dictionary," which will be described presently. It should be men tioned that the Committee always considered itself', in one point, very differently situated from a private trades man. The latter not only will, but ought to, hold him self entitled to follow successful speculation, and avoid losses. But the Society neither had the right nor the inclination to be an accumulator of profits. The sums obtained from the successful works published under their superintendence, which would, employed in the way that prudence points out to an individual, have by this time produced considerable wealth, have been freely ex pended in trying to promote other useful undertakings, which afforded little or no chance of profit ; in such at tempts many valuable copyrights have been sold or mortgaged. Money had been expended on many en dawns, of which the public has heard nothing ; and on many from which no return has yet been obtained ; and many a serious loss has been incurred with full know ledge that such would be the event. One of these cases of loss, the largest and most im portant, is that of the " Biographical Dictionary," pub, lished in half volumes, of which seven, completing the letter A, have appeared. To speak of the necessity for such a work is needless ; and to say that, completed in the manner in which it has been begun, it would be an honour to the literature of the country, and would supply a manifest and most lamentable hiatus, would merely be to repeat the opinion of the judges whose verdict is much less likely to be biassed by partiality than that of the Committee. This work, nevertheless, meets with so little of the public patronage, that the Society finds itself absolutely unable to continue it. Many per sons, who fully approve of the plan and execution, de cline to take the work until it is complete, forgetting that in all undertakings of such magnitude, from the " Biographi Britannica" downwards, it is not in the power of any publisher, public or private, to expend the whole capital required during the years of preparation which are essential. In the present instance, the sale of the first half volume has been 1161 ; of the last, 789 ; the average sale, 957. The Committee may safely aver, that no publisher had ever produced works in parts with more regularity than was seen in those which were brought out under their superintendence. The treatises of the Library of Useful Knowledge appeared, with very few exceptions, at the times appointed. The series of maps, a work of much more difficulty to prepare with regularity than even a publisher (of books only) can readily appreciate, was always in hand, and was never delayed except by the conviction that the loss of time would be well repaid by the value of the information waited for. The " Penny Cyclopmdia" was never twelve hours behind its time is all the monthly appearances of as many years ; a thing which never happened in the case of any alphabetical work which depended upon the regularity of an editor and contributors. And the " Biographical Dictionary" was in the hands of the same editor, whosa untiring zeal had produced this unprecedented result. No better guarantee for its regular progress could have been offered: and if but one in four of those to whose libra ries the complete work would have been judged by, themselves essential would have accepted this guarantee, it would have been now in full progress. Though the Committee always counted upon a loss, or at the best upon a deficiency which could not be made good until long after the completion of the work, neither they, nor others more conversant with the chances of the bookselling trade, were at all prepared to expect so large a deficiency as appeared by the time the letter A was completed. On these seven half volumes the excess of expenditure above receipts amounts to nearly 5,0001. Of this loss, more than half, it appears, has been sustained by the Society, and the remainder by the subscriptions and donations which have been announced from time to time. Though the first sale of the work was encouraging, as giving some reason to hope that it would shortly rise to such a point as might enable the Committee to proceed steadily to the end, yet it was found that the average rate of sale of the seven half-volumes produced the defalcation above alluded to. And careful estimates showed, that under existing cir cumstances, an additional sum of at least 15,0001. must be sunk. A work commenced in parts ought to be con tinued to the full extent which the capital of the under taker will allow. The Society has obeyed this reason able rule, and has exhausted its resources. As soon as it appeared that, with the losses incurred by the " Bio graphical Dictionary," the assets of the Society, never very considerable for the reason already assigned, scarcely exceeded its liabilities, there was no other al ternative except the discontinuance of further publica tion for the time being. The present announcement is the consequence. With regard to the " Biographical Dictionary " the Committee feel no doubt that a great many persons, most friendly to the undertaking and to the progress of literature, have withheld their support and assistance under the usual feeling of hope that the end might be compassed without them. Many may not have been aware that the undertaking was placed in peril by th e i r standing aloof ; and s hould the feeling of regret with which the Committee abandon the present prosecution of the work be shared by any who shall feel disposed to exert themselves for its renewal, the door is still open. An arrangement has been made by which the plates and copyright of the part already published may be repurchased by the Committee at a nominal rate at any time within three years. So that, in point of fact, the work may yet be continued. Avd the Committee will use their best endeavours, should they see good prospect of success, to promote the rene,val of a pro• ject of the utility of which they are sow.lll assured, and of which nothing but the absolute impos.sibility of continuing it has produced the suspension. With respect to the Society, however, the failL 4 re of the "Biographical Dictionary," though one of the circt.m .. stances which have led to its present situation, is only t: be considered in that light in connexion with another of a more material, and much more gratifying, character. The Society's work is done, for its greatest object is achieved—fully, fairly, and permanently. The public is supplied with cheap and good literature to an extent which the most sanguine friend of human improvement could not, in 1826, have hoped to have witnessed in twenty years. The powerful contributors to this great object, who have been taught by the Society how to work without the Society, may almost be reckoned by the hundred, and there is hardly a country in Europe, from Russia to Spain, which has not seen the Society's publications in its own l anguage, and felt the i r i n fl uence on its own system o f production. Had it been other wise, had the d es i re f or i nformation which the S oc i ety showed to exist in 1826, still remained unsupplied from any other source, the multitude of pence would have far more than have supplied the pounds necessary for the " Biographical Dictionary," even though no single pur chaser had been found. Among the sources of income which have never failed, the series of maps is prominent. The re-issue of this series, which has now become the property of Messrs. Knight and Co., is still unfinished. The Com mittee have the satisfaction of knowing that Mr. Knight has secured such superintendence of the remaining por tion of this re-issue as cannot fail to provide for the full and due execution of all required improvements. In naming Mr. Knight, it is a pleasure to the Com mittee to remember the various ways in which his ser vices as a cultivator of literature have been rendered to the Society : on him, in fact, and Professor Long, more of the editorial character has devolved than on any other two individuals. To both these gentlemen the Society is under the deepest obligations : to the former as Edi tor of " The Penny Magazin e ," th e " Libr a ry of Enter taining Knowledge, ' and of the " British Almanac" and its " Companion ;" to the latter as Editor of " The '•Penny Cyclopmdia," "The Journal of Education", and " The Biographical Dictionary." The Committee will not enter into much detail upon the character and extent of the services which the pub lic appreciation of their intentions and their efforts has enabled them to render in the diffusion of knowledge. But a brief summary may be permitted ; and in making it, they gratify their own feelings by the recollection of the obvious truth, that they could not have withstood the opposition which was excited by their first united appearance, if they had not created a hundred sup porters for one opponent. In the " Library of Useful Knowledge," they showed the possibilty of producing sound treatises on the principles of all branches of human inquiry, at prices heretofore unexampled in lowness. In the " Library of Entertaining Knowledge," they proved that equal soundness of detail, but with higher range of subjects than was usual in books of that class, might be introduced into works as chea, intended for lighter reading. I n th e " F armer ' s Series," they have brought within the reach of a very large proportion of those employed in agriculture more and better informa tion than subsequent competition has ever attempted to produce: the work on the " Horse," in:particular, is now the principal manual on the subject. In the "Almanac" and its "Companion," they successfully attacked nrevalent absurdities, and made this valuable class of works, which yields only to the newspaper in its power of introduc tion, a new vehicle of useful information. There is reason to believe that they had a considerable share in induc ing the Government to abandon the stamp-duty on al increased the sale of these works to an enormous extent. In to those defetocttbseofimethods cb m ey a s snr making a ba c i ke s ,i at tgatmeasurehecheap m o stwhichr rate.e c e h n a l t has multipliedg Ititferhhnao eieg tpytrii, haf,were geographical lii 0 i "Journal ar h nl e representation materials numbers u and caac : of the series of maps they have effected a complete change lim b i u te t d ioo well .know e n ora to rn a o l n l w d h e o . Educa tion,' on , " they called the attention of many, ecri"Gallery p e iwe the h o whose f s e me m hdne oeaat e hrafpn a opa n sppdnr s unduoe bolcors hardly information on the existing state of education, at home d n red e andan d babroad,uuks which were very were houthsaendu attiofithou twhraaaldsi nt s examined ftiu,leltyh„e :a, pe psn ulnin t yc h : e :e ildea s g u t tbahojzaei Magazine," e t ht . :: e works of art. ged the a cia" of cheap Penny and science in such plan of only of curtaili he circulation of e l i e c n a e t y i o,ns but, offensives introducing,t o mor andsals s at stimulatingi tion by others, into quarters where tsshu h s plan of l( ird they penetrated, of oth literature and art. Cyclopedia," they brought before vv sands, orks articles as reference good h adas confinedthoswhiche tu t, ( n )u g b d t i , titheydictionaries r m i e a s t materially a literaturel l y dam a a manner as to be of little avail except to those used the longer and more important articles (f re havec vst r n u o c t d i who as excellent as the minor ones were bad) as sie3luently separate treatises. This work has been the many separatewritten calling forth such articles, not only means of for it but suggested by it, as that of the Astronomer Royal on Gravitation, in which the s p ecie s of popul ar e planation which Newton ga ve o x' f his own syste has been not only rendere d accessible to mul titudes, but greatly increased in the extent towhich it " Friendly - it is carried. In the works on Societies," and on " Annuities," the very actuary whose professional books they are has been furnished_ with mor e extensiv e tables than previously existed ; while the price at which they are published has prevented them from being only and merely professional. In history and biography, the " Library of Useful Knowledge" has supplied many _treatises of v a l ue. And although not intended expres sl y to promot e or i ginal research, but only to place before larg e masses etc readers the results of existing investigati,,,*_, yet it has happened, incidentally, that the Committee has been the suggesting cause of works which are valtutbla- F.XAMPLIO3 1 1 Premium. .;‹ Ber.T.:a .;gums Ic. fACS • 0 do? ....._ ad&d. cne, E gg .0-N o; • 9. • -..„ a. 1 - -- 1837 Xl9l 13 5 1. - .87 13 5413 17 1 X 395 11 1 0;1000 74 3 4 1838 165 13 0 74 13 10 11 8 6 346 2 3 I • 1839 135 13 6 61 14 3 92 10 29i; 1 .4 1840 99 0 0 41 13 4 6 0 0 247 4 5 The &melon of profits is annual, and the neat will be made in De emher of the present year. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, S N, APRIL 14, 1846. additions even to that higher literature from which materials were to be drawn. The lives of Galileo and Kepler by Mr. Drink water (Bethune) are well-known and very prominent instances. In various works of the mathematical series, the Society has had the satisfaction of doing for non-academical readers throughout the empire what the University of Cambridge has done within the last thirty years tor its own students, namely, of placing before them, in our own language, the methods of the mathematicians of foreign c nintries. In this department the Society acknowledges its obligations to Professor De Morgan, both for the works which he has contributed to the series,' and,' for eis i l i n o t t e the m l r e . ast if t u h r a p t h h y e , s o u n g e ges o t f ed th t e he n e h m le p s l t o) e -in ne en ly t s o ts f his general a d v i ce an d ass i stance. O f t h ese o b l i gations it that this country has produced of late years, to write the treatise on the " Theory of Equations." In such pro ductions as the large Astronomical Maps and the " Statistical Account of the British Empire," &c., the Committee have endeavoured to help those who were engaged in profound researches of different kinds ; while in the tracts on " Capital and Labour," the " Results of Machinery," the " Manual for Mechanics' Institutes," &c., they have tried to bring sound materials for thought to the door and the hand of the working man. In the wide range that lies between these two, their efforts can only be summed up by the enumeration of all branches of knowledge ; and it is with no small pride they reflect upon the fact that their publications are used in every part of the empire, from the cottage to the mansion. As many individuals as there are in the country who can read, so many are there who have seen and used some of the works which the Society has put forth. In all this it will clearly be understood that the Committee claims not an author's part, but a publisher's. Yet, at the same time their duty as publishers has been combined with that of superindence, revision, suggestion, and, occasion ally, assistance in the obtaining of information. Except in cases where a work was in the hands of an editor or author known to the Society by former experience, or warranted by well established reputation, superintendence has been more than nominal. In some cases, the extent of a work has been usefully increased at the express desire of the Society ; in others, as usefully diminished. In the labour of superintendence the Society has much obligation, over and above what has been already stated, to acknowledge to many present and former members cf the Committee ; particularly to Captain Beaufort for his skilful care of the series of maps, and to Sir John Lubbock for his active attention to all that relates to the sciences in which he has gained his well established reputation. And while mentioning a former member of the Committee, whose name is so honourably associated with the higher branches of astronomy, the Committee have the satisfaction of remembering that the researches on the tides were partly suggested by the necessities of the Society's Almanac, and that the expenses were partly defrayed from the Society's funds. While alluding to those who are, and have been mem bers of the Committee, whose services have been of more than common extent and usefulness, it is impos sible for the Committee to forget the late Earl Spencer. To this nobleman the Society was under the deepest obligations, as well for his attention to its publications, particularly to those relating to history and agriculture, as for his constant and active participation in its general management. The Society has never ex perienced a greater loss than it sustained in the unex pected death of this tried and trusty friend of every im provement. The "Biographical Dictionary " was a work in which he took the deepest interest: he was, in deed, its first suggester, and he gave liberal aid towards the publication. The Committee have alluded to their determination not to interfere in theology or politics. They have also mentioned the opposition excited by their presumed in difference to religion and public order. But the enemies of their cause were not their only assailants. At the commencement of their career, nothing was more com mon than remonstrances from friends of the diffusion of knowledge, blaming them in strong terms for supplying to the public nothing but literature and science, and neglecting, from fear of misconstruction, matters of the highest importance to social happiness. Six years ago, when the circumstances of the time seemed favourable, the Committee so far departed from the usual practice as to publish a series of political treatises, drawn up by their chairman, forming the only accessible work in which the existing constitutions of the principal coun tries in the world are described both in principle and de tail. But the event showed strong reasons to conclude that the part of the public which called out for politics wanted, not knowledge of facts nor lessons of experi ence, but only stimulus for party feeling, and materials for party discussions. Tha Society accordingly gave up the intention of completing the above-named series, and abandoned a work on Political Economy which had been prepared. rn conclusion, the Committee congratulate all who feel as they do upon the spirit of improvement now so actively displayed, and trust that it will not tire until it has achieved the universal education of the people. As e mployed in effecting their object by printed publica tioh's, which are principally addressed to those who have ?eceived some mental culture, they have always felt that the door of communication between them 'and large mares of the community was but a very little way open. Bu t , they have the satisfaction of seeing and knowing that at least there is now no further obstacle to those who ha‘ - e made the first step, and of feeling that they have been instrumental in removing the subse quent hindrance. The time is coming, they trust, when all will act upon what most now see—namely, that knowledge, though it adds power to evil, adds tenfold power to good; when t here shall be no part of the com munity on which this n.`axim shall not have been veri fied; and when the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge shall be co-exten'tijve with society itself. 42, Bedford-square, March 11, 1846. OPENING OF THE RAMSGATE BRANCH OF TIIE SOUTH-3ASTERN RAIL• WAY. The Ramsgate branch of the South. Eastern Railway was opened yesterday. The directors, including the chairman, Mr. Macgregor, Lord Torringrou, Mr. liar ding, Mr. Randall, left the Bricklayers' Arow station at half-past eleven o'clock, in a special train, for the pur pose of being present at a public dinner, to wi hich they had been invited by the authorities of Ramsgate cele bration of the event. The train, which was de,% rated with flags, and carried a brass band, consisted CI f . ten carriages. At Tunbridge and Ashford a considertt4ble addition was made to the number of passengers. 2,kt Canterbury a very numerous concourse of persona' awaited the arrival of the special train, and greeted it with hearty cheering as it entered the station. At the 1 same moment that the special 'train came abreast of the . offices, a tram of 24 carriages, crammed with inhabi tants of Ramsgate, who had been permitted by the liberality of the directors of the Company to have a free trip to Canterbury, also reached the station, and mingled their cheers with those of the inhabitants of the latter town. After waiting a few minutes to take in other passengers the train proceeded over the new branch, which is nearly 16 miles in length. The works, for the first 13 miles are very light, the greater portion being on the natural surface of the land. The characteristic gradient of this portion of the line is lin 264. Beyond the 13th mile the works enter the chalk, and the gradient is 1 in 100 for about three miles The works, which have been constructed under the superintendence of Mr. Cubitt, jun., assisted by Mr. Ford, the resident engineer of this branch, are substan tial, and admirably executed. They reflect much credit upon those gentlemen as well as upon the contractors. The opening of this branch places Ramsgate, Whit stable, Canterbury, Ashford, Dover, and Folkestone in railway communication with each other. Margate, to which place the South-Eastern Company are construct ing a line, will soon be added to the list. The directors of the Company certainly had no reason to complain of the mode in which they were received at Ramsgate. The streets through which it was known they would pass in their way to the Albion, at which the dinner was to take place, was literally one mass of royal standards, union jacks, and every possible descrip tion of flag. That these marks of joyfulness were not empty ones, may perhaps be best gathered from the fact that nearly every shop in the town was closed. In truth, the people of Ramsgate are evidently quite sensible of the benefit which must flow to them from their connexion by railway with Canterbury, Ashford, and the metro polis, and they testified this not only by the enthusiastic manner in which they received the directors when they reached the terminus, and cheered them as they passed through the town, but also by the frank and cordial re ception they gave them at the festive board. About 140 gentlemen sat down to dinner at the Albion. Mr. Sackette, the deputy, presided, and was supported by the most wealthy and influential inhabi tants of the town, by the Mayor of Canterbury, the Deputy of Margate, and by a considerable number of the local magistracy. We also observed several of the influential proprietors of the railway, who had also been invited to attend. Some very excellent speeches were delivered after dinner. The chairman (Mr. Sackette), in a short but pithy address, pointed out the advantage which railway communication with the metropolis must be to Rams gate, possessing as it does a harbour accessible at all states of the tide, and disposed, as the directors of the South-Eastern Company had proved themselves to be, to afford every facility in their power to render the journey from London to Ostend, vid Ramsgate, both speedy and convenient. They had placed two splendid steam-boats on the station, second to none both for speed and accom modation, and had manifested their earnest desire to afford every facility to render available the natural ad vantages of Ramsgate for the passage between London and the north of Europe. The chairman was followed by the Mayor of Canter bury, who spoke of the benefit that had already been conferred upon Canterbury by the railway; by the Deputy of Margate, who expressed a hope that he should have the pleasure of entertaining the South. Eastern directors as his guests at Margate; by the Rev. Mr. Snowden, who spoke of the moral advantage which an extension of the railroad system is calculated to confer on society, and by many of the inhabitants, some of whom pledged themselves to use ni every ibp possible exertion to second the enerf i y ons a of the rality which had marked the South-Eastern Company in the extens7o e n r oftheir line to Ramsgate, and in placing fast and commodi ous . steam port And boats upon the station , to rtw between tiA; Ostend. Indeed, there seemed to be a hearty and general feeling to promote in every possible way the liberal policy of the South-Eastern Company. Mr. Macgregor, the chairman of the company, in speaking to the toast of the evening —viz., "Prosperity to the South-Eastern Railway Company," whi c h ~,a , enthusiastically responded to—expressed his deep sense of the very kind and hospitable manner in which the authorities and inhabitants of Ramsgate had received the directors of the company. He observed that the proper policy of a railway company was to identify its interests with those of the public. This the South Eastern di rectors had endeavoured to do ; and he assured the au thorities and inhabitants of Ramsgate that the South- Eastern Company would do all it possibly could to make available, both for the benefit of the town as well as fix that of the public, the advantages which the magnificent harbour of Ramsgate presented to those proceeding from London to the north of Europe. In truth, it was the desire of the company to render the passage between London and Ostend as regular as the journey by the mail coach. Viscount Torrington also addressed the company in an excellett speech, and pointed out the advantages which the South-Eastern Company's projects for accommodat ing Kent with railway communication have over those promoted by what are termed the " independent" North Kent schemes. In fact, he said, he had heard it very pithily remarked that the latter (Vignoles') line might be likened to the clothes bought at a slop-shop, while those :promoted by the South-Eastern Company—viz., by Mr. Robert Stephenson, were, as every one could see, clothes that bad been cleverly measured for, and fitted admirably. During the evening the healths of Mr. Cubitt, jun., and Mr. Ford, the resident engineer of the branch line, were proposed and drank with all the honours. The dinner was substantial and well served, and the evening passed off in a manner as creditable to the good sense and hospitality of the authorities and people of Ramsgate as it must have been gratifying to the directors of the company. The special train left Ramsgate at ten o'clock last night, and arrived at the Bricklayers' Arms a little before two o'clock, having been detained a considerable time by the usual goods trains. We cannot close this brief notice of the celebration of the opening of this branch line without tendering our thanks to the Chairman, Mr. James Macgregor, the Chairman of the Company, for the courtesy we, in common with the rest of the press, received at his hands. We have also to thank Mr. Ilberry, the superintendent of the line, for the kind assistance he has always been and is ever ready to afford to the members of the press when travelling by special train. ROUTE TO THE WEST INDIES. TO THE ElsifefraT THE SUN. SIR,—In the course of the year 1842, The Sun contained one or two articles, written by me, calling at tention to the advantages of communicating with our West India colonies, and with the ports of South America, through the United States. The plan I entertained and described was this:—The mails, including passengers, letters, and commu nication of all kinds for the whole of our West India colonies for Mexico by Vera Cruz, and all the adjacent coast of America, north and south, should be sent from England by the steamers which now ply be tween Liverpool and Boston. Having, by concentrating all the communications with the whole American conti nent on this one line, brought to it a great increase of business, it might be profitable to send a steamer from Liverpool once a week, instead of once a month or once a fortnight. From Boston it was proposed that all the communications should be forwarded, either by steamers or rail, as the communication is carried on in the United States, to New York, and from thence to Savannah, or Georgia, or some other extreme point in the United States, to which there is now a rapid communication. There the mails, it was proposed, should be by steamers, communicating with Vera Cruz, Jamaica, the rest of the West India colonies, and carried to their respective destinations. That is a brief outline of the plan then suggested, which was noticed, though not with much approbation, by the Liverpool Times and some other papers. Each of the many days that has since elapsed, has brought with it for me its own thoughts and its own avocations, and they had almost washed out of my mind all remembrance of my scheme. It was with no little surprise and satisfaction, therefore, that I saw, by the last arrival from the West Indies, that a plan in principle similar to mine has been adopted, and recommended to the public, in much greater detail than I had entered into, by Mr. M'Geachy, of Jamaica, a gentleman who appears to be well acquainted with the localities, appliance, and con veniences of the islands and countries around the gulf of Mexico. His plan, as I find it, which you published in extenso in The Sun on Saturday, a part of which I hope I may repeat in this. " Mr. M' Geachy proposes to vary the present route between Jamaica and Great Britain by a diversion through the United States and Halifax, so nevertheless as to re duce the period of communication to a maximum speed of 14 days. He proposes, if we rightly comprehend his plans, to make Montego Bay the station for the steam ers which arc to be the medium of communication be tween the island and Great Britain. The mails, and passengers of course, would be transmitted by die rail way now in course of projection, from Kingston to Montego Bay, and a steamer would bear them thence to Batabano in the island of Cuba, from which a commu nication by railway is already established to Havannah. Another line of steamers stationed at the latter port, would take up the line of communication to Tampa Bay, in the State of Florida, and railways between that place and Charleston, New York, and Boston, to St. John's, New Brunswick, would be met by steamers at the latter place, which, plying between that port and the western coast of Nova Scotia, would convey the mails and pas sengers to the terminus of a railway concluding at Hali fax, from whence they would be embarked for Bantry Bay, in Ireland, which Mr. M'Geachy proposes as the British packet station. " Mr. M'Geachy estimates the time expended in this route at 14 days 5 hours between Kingston (Jamaica) and Ireland, thus : From Kingston to the west end of Jamaica, say Montego bay, by the projected railway . 5 hrs. To Batabano by steamer Batabano to Havannah, by railway 2 do. Havannah to Tampa Bay, by steamer 44 do. Tampa Bay to New York, by Jamaica to New York ... New York to Halifax Jamaica to Halifax 149 do. Or 6 days 5 hrs. ,allifax to Bantry Bay, or Valentia 8 days J:immica to Ireland ... 14 days 5 hrs. r,l'he selection of Tampa Bay, as the place of arrival of the steamers, appears to be particularly advantageous for a ,•:onipany projected to carry out Mr. M'Geachy's plan. The very great importance of the cities of New Orleans and Mobile, as seats of commerce profitable as well to the United States as to European nations, is too well known te• require observation from us. At present the means of communication between these cities and the principal comimacial towns on the eastern coast of Ame rica are extremely defective ; indeed, a sea voyage between New York and New Orleans is at present an undertaking equal to a passage across the Atlantic. Tampa Bay would be comparatively but a few hours steaming from the mouth of the Mississipi, and the pro jected railroad would take the New Orleans merchant to New York in thirty hours." Mr. M'Geachy's plan is much more extensive than mine, and contemplates now railways and different packet stations in Europe, which mine proposed to pro pel by those which are already in existence, believing that one present attainable improvement will lead on to others. Of Tampa Bay and the railroad hence to New York, I know nothing; nor should I presume to sug gest any improvement or project to the wide-awake Americans, whose spirit of enterprise needs no stimulus nor directions from us, but I know that already there exists, as you may read in Mr. Lyall's travOs in the United States (one of the best works that has been published.:on that country), a complete railway com munication from Boston to Savannah, and it may be expected with proper arrangements that the distance between Boston, with which our Liverpool steamers now communicate, and some southern point of Florida or Georgia, with the railways now existing in the United States, should be easily accomplished in three days. In twelve days the steamers now pass be tween Liverpool and Boston, and supposing, with Mr. M'Geachy, that from this southern point Jamaica might be reached in ninety hours, or, say four days,* it is lear that, without any very ex tensive change, but simply substituting compara tively small steamers between Florida or Georgia, and Jamaica, having only voyages of four or five days to make, for the great steamers which ca n cross the ocean from outhampton to the West Indies, London, and Jamaica may at once be brought within twenty or twenty-one days of each other, instead of twenty-eight, as by the expensive plan of communication now in use under the management of the Royal Mail Packet Com pany. Mr. M'Ueachy, much more sanguine and better acquainted with the subject than I am, says Jamaica may be reached in fourteen days, or shortening the time by one-half. Of course by this route the Bahama Islands, Cuba, St. Domingo, &c., would be reached in a propor tionably still shorter time, but the scheme would not be so advantageous in reducing the time in which England can communicate with Antigua, Barbadoes, &c. As steam-packets are not calculated to carry very largo cargoes, and it has always appeared to me prepost r eroi to run two series of such packets, chiefly adapted fo pas sengers, across the Atlantic, one going from Southampto n .asupp round by the Madeira or the Azores to obtai e n coal straight in n orderto I a') i reach fax and the Boston. West the most favourable circumstances, twice as long, and the teavellin e , Indies, The and enede b t ehyejm),:gah (eei,er gri h steamer. Lit any ü b lan d ra r i c s i u a g t h l e t a h s e t --0 t U h n r( i! e ed tim S e ta s te a s e being rapid eahsitehdey vp(evr:frilor:be:;,l that there exi is gwliat Boston nhdtteo tai aa S nm a y v a Savan nas, man look at a chart, rem b present a railway communicatione t n be fr s o t m r u fr ei m n t and all the neighbouring islands, over the longer route ad vantages g a e n s d of h e t . m hi u s s short route voce rou e by Madeira and Antigua. /-/t_ hat the plan has been-taken up, at the other end as it were, by a person who secs what us going on, and what can be denim in the West Indies, I hare no doubt whatever that it has in it the elements of complete suc cess, and might . be carried out with great pecuniary, mercantile, and social advantages. The great objection to it is that our communisations with our colonies would be made through a foreign state. But since I broached the subject the communication between England and her Indian Empire bas increased wonderfully in im portance, and almost as wonderfully as rapidly. Tliis important communication, however, is carried on through at least two political states, France and Egypt, and if transmitted, as proposed. through Austria, must pass through half-a-dozon foreign states. Whatever objec tections may be made—l hold there are no legitimate ones—to transmitting our correspondence with South America and our West India colonies throagh the United States, apply at least with equal force to trans mitting our Indian correst,ondenc, through France or Austria and Egypt. All these objections ate, them f,,re • practically answered by that transmission, anti there, now no need of any arguments to refute the apprehen sions of conveying our mails and pas.engers from the in.st northern to the most southern part of the United States. The distance will not be much greater than from Marseilles to Calais. I believe that they would be as safely conveyed as through France, and even more safely, less interruptedly, and much more expeditiously . On both England amid the United States the plan would confer great advantages. The communication would be an additional bond of uti lity and peace. Whatever might have been thought a few months ago of some braggadocios in American jour nals and Congress, it is now abundantly plain that the bulk of the Americans desire peace with England as ar dently as we desire peace with the United States. Let us help this brotherly mutual desire by increasing the accommodation which we can mutually afford ; and as Mr. M‘Geachy's plan would do this, it would promote both the pecuniary and political welfare of the United States. That our advantage—the advantage of our merchants, our Government, and all our people—would be promoted by this plan there cannot be a doubt. They could save, at the very least a week, perhaps a fortnight, in reach ing Jamaica and most of the adjacent colonies. It would increase their trade both with the United States and with Europe. Having more speedy infortha tion, they could at all times adjust with greater accu racy than at present the supply to the demand. Our West India proprietors complain ; let them facilitate communication with Europe and North Africa, and half their complaints will be removed. The trade of the Americans, both with Europe and all the southern world, would be much extended by the same means. Independently of the steamers visiting their harbours, and the increased traffic along these rails and coasts, the existence of those would necessarily carry with thcm a. cotresponding increase of trade between North and South America. They would be benefited probably even more than we should, and in proportion to the be nefits they derive from our communications with our colonies through their country would be their unwilling ness to interrupt it. Besides the pecuniary and mercan tile advantages of Mr. M'Geachy's plan, or any plan, it would have, like all successful schemes for extending communication, the still greater advantage of promoting civilisation, and tending to secure the peace of the world. Thanking you, Sir, for the readiness you•have ever shown to promote all similar improvements, and for your expressed intention of inserting this communication, I remain, your obedient servant, THOMAS HODGSKIN. ENGLAND'S LOVE OF PEACE AND READINESS FOR WAR. (From the Examiner.) There is not a country in the world so desirous of peacep England, and that there is none better prepared for war the brilliant campaign on the Sutlej most strikingly shows. It is clear that our arms have not rusted in peace, and that the service was never in a higher state of efficiency. And this observation does not apply merely to the forces in a part of our immense empire. Wherever our soldiers and sailors have been put to the trial, the same prowess has been manifested with the same glorious and rapid success. In China, in Syria, in Sinde, and in the retrievement of the Afghan disasters, they have proved themselves irresistible, and it has been one career of triumph. There have been no protracted wars, no barren campaigns ; England has only had to stretch out her arm to strike, and the foe has been crushed. We have seen gigantic Russia opposed for two years by feeble Turkey, we have seen her defied and repulsed by the petty robber chief of' Khiva, and bending her power for years against the Circassians, who have held her at arm's length, often defeating her, and in her small successes leaving her little to boast. France in Algeria presents another example. Whole armies have been absorbed there. A deluge of blood, has been wasted, like water spilt in the desert. It is the vain labour of the l)anaides, with this difference, that the sieves are to be filled with blood. The work is for ever to begin again; victory and disaster taking their turns without end; Abd-elaader crushed for ever one day, and making head again the next. Yet in Algeria France has a terrible military school. It has been described as the soldier-mill, into which thr e men are put and g .ound into one doughty warrior. It might be supposed that there was nothing that such an army could not effect, but yet they effect nothing— nothing decisive. True, they have an elusive enemy to deal with, and when they beat the Arabs it is like threshing water. We do not deny the pecu liar difficulties, though we have a notion that if England had chosen to encounter them, she could have found better methods of coping with them ; but let the causes of the failure of the French be what they may, there stands the example of her long losses and miscarriages in compari son with England's instant successes, wherever the power of her arms has been put forth. Let it be that England makes better choice of her objects ; that she does not involve herself in schemes of conquest beyond her strength ; such explanation is praise enough which as signs to her the armed wisdom of which Pallas was the type. Whatever the occasions are, there are always the conduct and courage to meet them ; and the sword is not long out of the scabbard, nor ingloriously re turned to it. Proportionate, indeed, to the reluctance with which it is drawn, is the dazzling rapidity with which it performs it s task. And most satisfactory it is to note that no love-of war, nor lust for conquest, grows upon these successes. The nation, proud as it is of its triumphs, prizes them most as securities for future peace, not as encourage ments to war. The public is never more pacific in its dispositions and aspirations than at the successful ter mination of hostilities. It is not for vain-glorious boast that we have made the comparison between the rapid achievements of Eng land and the protracted wars and imperfect successes of other powers. The lesson we would note is this that the country whose interests and whose dispositions are most strongly pacific, is, nevertheless, the best prepared for war, and the promptest and most successful in vindi cating her cause by arms whenever she is compelled to it. As England has no love for war, so, when she is in it, she is happily able to make short work of it. Other people are as brave, but somehow or other they have not the same knaek of giving effect to their bravery, at least so it appears in the comparisons that have happened to be presented within the last 20 years. We often join in the gruwblings at the management of the navy, but maintaining still that there are occa sions and opportunities of' improvement, it is our thorough conviction that the two services were never in a higher state of efficiency ; and d tha z t ea n l e o v u e s r were in them so many able d ho i men d n e v t o h t e e to T t h h e e i lastr p r e o x fe a s m si p o i n e s, nf a l n wah a a t trt r ial o e u y gh e l a y n s d k o i 1 l w e d e rds the safety able b 01 1 e pn ed v niaasl Indian e y , e mt o n o p t ur o , eanr in other parts of the , Y but s as e tt must tend to and rate p o e t' , n i e n e n s f t inestimable value , not only as regards the safety aiid peaco of th di scour age the pr she er is over- r a n s d h er m s a h c a h re t o o f o fa proudu lts; b b" l e u oa s rr t li e dn r .g ; andE b tni England lpa p nr e od o u pl h e who have drawn false inferences from her disdaining to play the braggart, will have learnt to correct their mistake on seeing how she acquits her self when reluctantly forced into quarrel—the might she exerts with such wondrous ease—the mettle that works miracles, like that of the heroes who marched up to the Seikh tete du pont, vomittinglthe fire of two tiers of admi rably served cannon, as if in parade order, halting to close up their ranks when rent by the storm of round shot and grape, and toiling through nearly a mile of heavy sand, as if they had nothing to do with but the disadvantages of the ground, and the shot and shell were nothing to them except as they deranged the correctness of the line. Rich as are our annals of war in all circum stances of conduct and bravery, we question whether they present any equal to that gallant exploit, in which the native troops so largely and gloriously shared. LORD LINCOLN AND THE SOUTH NOTTINGHAMSHIRE ELECTION.—The Noble Lord, although defeated at the last election for the Southern Division, has not forgotten to thank in a special manner such of the electors as, on that trying occasion, recorded their votes in his favour. A letter, of which the following is a copy, has been sent by post to every elector who voted for the .Iroble Lord :—" Whitehall-place, March 10, 1846.—Dear Sir,—l request you to accept my warmest thanks for the support which you gave me by your vote in the late contest for the representation of South Not tingham. Although defeated in that contest, I shall ever look back with pleasure upon the many marks of personal kindness and regard which I experienced, and shall remem nbleyr b w e i i t ; h a 1 r. g La t l i t t a t d m e , the r exertions r s w v h e i r c y h f l a , O i t 4 h 9 ra fri l i ) e , n , friends N m e e o d L e r i . l -- /Vetting/tam Review. our last report consist of 300 hhds. of W . e a st ß l a ri ng l ai , a, and the BRISTOL SUGAR MARKET, April lo.—The de.asalaetsfosnirlilcere prices. Scarcely any has been dull, and which has to effect sales refined goods the demand __.____ 1,500 mats. For transactions in Mauribtiuussinaersse ilsiml?tencigtol a te i w /f o i r e k r c ery. " EMILIA WYNDIIAM" is from the press, front the powerful pen of the just issued tle fi o r f is Old lilens' Tales " and " Mount Sorel." lower pi ices must be sulsmittetdhetoir Author of " Two t e i e g el b oy h e n e e st r n ton l led to the successful novelist. It possesses the This new production claims the highest honours which can be /min Itillceat meritdmi o e not hrfaeaasnni bene ficial a i si r s un usual merit of being a picture of society as it exists, with -7 .i o ,n, o bi t pon irocebnsceoeeienidiigirenegaci in works;srritiottsrigytet tendenc y ; features dsbeuib: ce yaitltiiaifant t is h ld a c t iNin,se l i n a irt : lsk • to the reader, by strengthening his confidence in the i n fluence and stability of mora l worth, than can be antici pated from the mass of publications, continually thrust before the public, that assume to have a moral object. [A DVERTISFMENT.] —DR. BINNS AND lIOLLoW A Y'S OINTMENT. —Or. Blurs, who is one of the principal physicians in the island of Jamaica, has expresed himself in the following manner respecting the surprising healing properties et Holloway'R Oint ment :—" I have made many trials of this ointment in cases of chronic ulcers, which several year? experience In the West Indies taught me to censider as incurable. lam now happy to say that in all cases it was really and truly efllcadous." (Signed) .. E. Bi„, s, AIM., F.S.A., 5.C.0." Holloway's Ointment will cure bad legs, however long standing, likewise the most obstinate cases of king's evil or =Mlle.—Sold by all medicine vendors, NA at rroltool' liol ovrafg Mtal?lishanati 244, Ntrucl, Imam, / , From From L 0 5 0 & 0 4 6 4 6