The Sun. — London, England, 1846-09-18 00:00:00

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The requisite number of shareholders to constitute the dissolution of the company having attended yesterday, the chairman declared the company to be legally dis solved. _3[ie• pitt 03 ari 3 -Loy! 100 SEPTEMBER 18, 1846. EN P:or fr 1111 '4 C Ny LON DON, FRI DAY - N o 1.6,848. METROPOLITAN SEWAGE MA NURE COMPANY. The first public meeting of the shareholders in this company was held yesterday at the British Hotel, Cock spur-street. J. C. B. WARREN, Esq., having been called to the chair, congratulated the meeting on the success with which they had been able to struggle through Parliament, notwithstanding that they had had the aid of no men of title, but they had had a bl e l ea d ers an d men to aid them whose opinion in science was attended to. PRICE SD. REMOVAL DR. CULVERWELL has REMOVED to No. 10, ARGYLL-PLACE. C _EGENT-STREET, (leading to Great Marlborough-street,) where he may be consulted, as usual, Daily till Three, and in the • Evening from Seven till Nine ; and where also his several publications, of which entirely new and en larged editions have recently been published, may be obtained. 1 1 * OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION- A CHEMICAL LECTURE,- by 'Dr. Ryan, daily, and on the Evenings of Mondays , Wednesdays, and Fridays. Professor Bachhoffner's LECTURES on NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, with hrilliant experiments, daily. MACINTOSH'S REVOLVING EN GINE. COLEMAN'S PATENT LOCOMOTIVE ENGINE for as cending and descending Inclined Planes. FARRELL'S ARCIII MEDIAN RAILWAY. The ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY, all in action. HALLETTE'S ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY VALVE. The - OPAQUE MICROSCOPE. The OXY-HYDROGEN MICROS COPE, exhibiting a fine Collection of Living - Objects. A beautiful Picture of the CHAPEL in the CONVENT of St. CATHERINE, near Jerusal, m, by MP. Charles Smith, is one of the Series of DIS SOLVING VIEWS. JORSIMGP oxy-hydrogen bl ow pi pe, b y wh i ch the greatest known heat can be produced, and the result was precisely the same. GUVESEND STAR and BLACKWALL h elEet PACkETS. and Railway Fare included in one payment upon every k 8 Passage. fit / i . ••)to other Packets call 'at the GRAY'S or GREENIIITHE , 80,r li^z Ez -.• THE NEW TERRACE PIER, GRAVESEND. N, DA THE 7, 71, 8%, 9%, 11%, 1,2, 3,4, 5,6, 6%, ~,,4 ;, ,,a,nt, 8 . q li. 41- S. - At 7,7 j; 834, 1132, 1,2, 3,4, 5. 6. 6%, 7,7%, t. I'IIINt a, ''lls , r ,,_ THE BRITNSWICK WHARF BLACKWALL. ' starting One Quarter of an , Hour before each of I CI ER 11 t those times. t h 9,9%, 10%, 11, 11%, 12, 1%, 2%, 3)6. • SC;47,'„), and 7%. , 7 , `' 4B . -At 8%, 9,9%, 103¢, 11, 1%, 234, 334, 4%, 5, PZ• •9 7 36. ';), 9 , 1 " 7 ,-,, or from London-Fore cabin, and Second Class Rai1....., ....., Saloon at , F±-st Class Railway; Is. ‘ka - 9 4° ra E..al ckwails I Intermediate Piers-Fore Cabin, &L ; h h e i e• , ett e h„ets for Exearsions.-Apply to • Mr. W'. Morgan, Star Office, 7kreli-etreet Terminus of the Blackwall Railway.. A tha, k i9 -4 .•'.l.'welve months Six months, re „I. 15s. To be had of ihe ' Collectors on board the packets; *l et yr 7 °ll kt Terra Pier, Gravesend ;or of Mr. Saunders, Bruns -1.i''',..,..&....'f, BlackeZl. {ALL OF ROME, GREAT . WINDMILL- I'ruer..., - STRE ET HAYM ARKET. n s },,:-.,,, er TURNOUR b Most respectfully to inforn the Nobility, 7ot e t u ,"'„ r s• Lunt Public, that he has produced that novelty never ~`C'l.ol7„,"elrlAted, viz., the introduction of FEMALE MODELS of 1 "1t1r,i,, , Who will app ear every Afternoon and Evening, in varied ,St,vi;6', e xpressly arranged for them. • . qo 4' 2 s• 6d.; Boxes, 2s. ; Pit, Is. Doors open at Half-past v ka au t he Afternoon, and commence at a Q ht uarter past Three Y• Evening performance, Half-past Eig o'clock. . kN........__Venus will rise from the sea till further . notice. tuINGT 0 N'S LONDON and MAN- At 1 4 4,H CHESTER RAILWAY. `l44ll%,ottrned Meeting of the Committee appointed by the f --N ly or t iers llt, 1846 to investigate the affairs of this Company, held the 26th li ga .D. W. HARVEY, Esq., in the Chair ; ~ ,7, Ee solved,-That as the number of Shares returned to the tMoo Ist% exceeds 15,000, yet as the total issue of Shares exceeds il l it2",!Cenamittee feel, that until a far larger amount of Shares k era Jetified, no negotiation can be opened with the Directors. 1,04p4,,ul Shares, therefore, who desire to bring the affairs of this ts' area speedy and equitable adjustment at the least possible )7,4 i i 2 requested to :transmit their names, and the number of 01.a ry .? r esPectively hold, to the Chairman of the Committee, D. 'et. ..•,-5-' Esq., Old Jewry, London not later than the let of , .oLer which day no communication will be received. D. W. HARVEY, Chairman. THOMAS PRITCHARD, Secretary. SII MIDLAND RAILWAY: Etat, Th tt ik At i ,„e Committee appointed to wind up the affairs of the the,:-.Etnd Railway, beg to announce, to the Shareholders W ill COMMENCE PAYMENT of the RETURN of 15s. qer , ' O4 at the Offices of the Company, 17, Park-street, West th furthe~rer MONDAY NEXT, and continue daily, from Eleven till g eri 4r ther notice. And Shareholders are requested to send —1 ; With an exercise of options, with theleast possible kicillte ry , • vayr a : t of two days must elapse between the delivery of Scrip 4 By order, a rk -et r eet , o•gned) • inster, THOMAS ep PRITCHARD IB46. , Secretary , Westm 17th St., LEEDS, WAKEFIELD, and MIDLAND JON ALWAY. N'Pti t s hereby. given TI R I that a MEETING of the SH ARE `l4ll)rthe LEEDS, WAKEFIELD, and MIDLAND JUNC tnela, Alr COMPANY will be held at the Se s sions House in Ne L ,lll ti ,"" MONDAY, the 28th day of September instant, at One e egnaCernoon for the purpose of laying before the meeting Vr ( 4, 4 Of the receipts and expenditure of the said Company, whether the said Company shall be dissolved Yt i !tireo f . 'visions of the Statute 9 and 10 Viet., c 28, or, whether N,? ez v ahe Said Company shall not be wound up, or whether it rot t , , A o frien to prosecute the said railway in the ensuing ses ktk:l atbent, and, if necessary, to empower the Directors to 44, co arro n gements with certain other Companies upon the k t f,,to nditions to be laid before the said meeting, and gene tic ail other business whatsoever that can be trans -I%b'e;:lBp4reovisions of the said statute. Dated this 10th day EDWARD TEW, Chairman. HENRY BERNERS, Secretary. OST,„ NEWARK, and SHEFFIELD d t ,1 4 1, RAILWAY. N 4 ' 6 l °f t he Creditors of this Company, whose claims it has been Ott,, kit 'xPedi, • t tt,„ % ofw hi ent to resist, having instituted proceedings at law, the k _ e h cannot for some time be ascertained, the Committee th:,e at to inform the Shareholders that they have resolved 'q• Dos "noe an INTERIM DIVISION of the MIDLAND STOCK 4 rY tiv k lsion, to • the extent of One round of said Stock for k'holders ares in this Company. s'i! t re „ who concur in the dissolutioa of the undertaking, and bo r ' e lve the Midland Stock, are requested to apply to the or Forms of ' 4 o t u„ and f Application, which they are requested to fill t istr eet l,lward, with their Scrip Certificate,Little torehsqlt daoaicy te i.:,ese v estmluster, on or before the 29th September inst. offices will be finally closed, and all subsequent h.ot addr , on this and any other business of the Company, kr.,,,t SC*, r „r9 to Mansfield, Notts. Vargecia':'2lllleates will be returned to the holders after they as it eat':',‘_reoorded, and the Midland Stock will be issued as ot r eady. 1, Littl e Geri By Sept. -rge_street, West JOHN DENNISTON Secretary. mi nster, pt. 16, 15 16. The Dr D CARCEL LAMP—NEW LIGHT. • Th e ANIOND CAR 'EL LAMP is the best light in the yt, C artel Lamp is used all the Palaces in Europe ;it burns ki N tz ; ,.e from all imperfections of ordinary oil ; burns t!.11 morning without attention ; is so simple itcannot he , 04 7 1 n . o . cleaning required for years. he Gem. the Vesta, ve,_ et Spirit or Camphine Lamps given away at half-price, but CoNninations are dear at a gilt. The Diamond Carcel Lamp is Pght-per ectien in light—the public will have none other. t.l4t suit every taste. To be had only, and seen burning daily •NroT ti T IENTEE'S Immense Lamp Depot, 447, West Strand, ten . A rca d e . ANT S SUPPL I E D. I WANT A HAT 1 I Want a Hat I and off I'll start For MOSES' celebrated Mart, Since I have often heard it said, That Hats from MOSES "go a-head." I WANT A COAT. Want a Coat, whose charming style Makes all with admiration smile ; And, therefore, I at once will search For MOSES, facing Aidgate Church. I WANT A VEST. " Want a Vest—a well-made Vest, With quality the very best ; And, therefore, I shall purchase one 04 you know whom—E. M. and SON. I WANT A PAIR OF TROWSERS, want a pair of trowsers, made Better than any in the trade;, 'MI as I want them cheap as well, I'll try what Messrs. Mb3ES sell. I will hie where crowds have hied, And have my various " wants supplied." N 4 qerpl' !Rlift t and Codrington Taglionis ................ 018 6 r co 111,t t e „.. "8 in every description anti make, including Silatt i rnereg Coat • • ...• •••• • • • • 1 2 0 ta. e very material ••• •. •• • . helk e Dattern Summer Vests .................... 0 2 3 , b 7k and Persian ditto, in entllesa variety • • .... 0 4 6 f" Fancy Satin, ditto ........ •••..• . • • • • • • 0 6 0 0 4 6 si t t 4 . a . rs . .....• . .• 0 9 6 7 4 4 MADE TO MIAIVII.E. "ematerial adapted for the season, in any 1 1.1 " Y f from 0 16 0 tb iv style and fashion, to order .... . ..... ona alts, Gs. 6d. each, or three for... 19 '0 lit ditZ di tto, in every variety of pattern ..........0 8 6 t to, (~`", Plain and fancy ...... .................. 0 14 6 g l tto t ', o th or Casimere ditto ......................0. 8 0 h ack Singla-milled ditto ........ •.. .. ••.. • • 0 13 6 Ole,„, — ,ellsers, in every pattern. ............ kRt 11,`_Ted and Albert Victoria ditto ........ •• • • C; 19 g btz: a v i tta n .. r . ess ditto • • •••• ••••:: 1 12 0 mantifac . Vor — ed •-•••••••• " • • • • • • • • • • 2 15 0 ;oats • , rpm 1 15 0 ' °est manufactured • . • ..... • ••• • • •••••• • • 3 3 0 Mourning, t o any extent, at five minutes notice. k artlel 4 1 a t e _ e Purchased or made to measure, ~._"unediately exchanged, or...the money returned. If Rot approved of, ! t i l t ,-,,•ve—E. MOSES and SON, Tailors, Woollen Drapers, ilt.`.' i othiers, outfitters, and general Warehousemen, regret to be i lk 7 to guard the public against imposition, but, having learned untradesrnanlike falsehood of • being connected with or it's the same concern, has been resorted to in many in ti! and for obvious reams, they nave no connexion with oket e r house in or out of London. ). h_•.llese who desire genuine Cheap Clothing should, to prevent N',„^Mtiazient, call at or send to the Waories, and Aidgate, City, E, M oSp -S and SON, Tailors. Woolley Drapers, Hatters, Hosiers, ige ) Vers, Nos. 154, 155, 156, 157, Minories, an d 83, 84, 85, (I g_aee, City, London, Oat,. The entrance to the Bespoke Department is at 14, ,70 b litc h e 4,lty ss transacted at this Establishment f rom sunse t en ock till sunset on Saturday evening, wh en it i s resume d Pt- cl UNIVERSAL GAS BURNER. b 30 to 50 per Cent. Saved ! 11,111 t be at the Patentees, 60, St. Martin's-lane, Charing-cross. ltoLed at eißees beg to call public attention to the following facts, IN N t t le \-4 1_ 1a ges resulting from the invention are various and siti‘eb - i n dependently of a saving of 30 to 50 per cent„ the com kt,Zrto Deflect, and the brilliancy produced superior to any light 1t iiY N. l kovered. It emits neither smell nor smoke, and burns ) kj'eni; any period ; and such is Its purity, that it neither affects l' t~is eto Most delicate colour or the finest fabric. Objections have ._"e Introduction of gas in dwelline-houses, to the expense of 47: Its destruction of furniture, draperies, gold moulding, Ste.; nr),,N , 9 entirely obviated by the "PATENT UNIVERSAL GAS 2)) 3: apposed As the cost of laying on gas is muck lower than is corn - eo ''''sed it is adapted for private dwellings, as well as for I,. 4 44, 4l l)4 ' n es e i r h9tels, manufactories, and public buildings. One of the Ill'4ltrabls is amply sufficient to light a good-sized room, at a sum f or , Y lower than spirit, oil, or candle, with the avoidance o t„,4, ibe•roUble. t4. lt kno w " Burner," its brilliancy and economy surpassing ~;. n light, are shown by the an , nexed authentic i i ; ` orn tft v e uvi r t o i c e e s e o d f in t , h s e ) I f N i l i V e E ln ß s SlL tio G n A o s f B c y v il l N E E n ß gineers, 11, t 4 ga y 26th may, 1846, ' Sir RENNIE, President, in the Chair. bnrner of a novel and ingenious consruction was exhibited. t IVN of `, 1 ', 4 1 novelty was the introduction of t a stream of air to the 4 ir flame by a hollow button in the middle of the burner. qN, a n - Ping up throwth the hollow stem of the button, was ti ,:olDi n - ?aseed out by two series of fire-holes around the periphery, thy h e sh a L.'ng With force on the flame of the gas curved it outwards of a tulip, while the oxygen of the air, mingling with flak_r_etted hydrogen gas, produced a very perfe,ct combustion, at , i "as quite white clown the top of the burner, was very steady, et 4 1 5 tb es t l Y demonstrated by the excellent light of the Institution, thtQR, burners have been used. In comparing the consumption li st Peweu_erners with that of the concentric ring burners, and trying t er °f the two lights by the photometer, the new burner gave a 'ht, With a saving of rather more than one-third." kqky T ,, CERTIFICATE. Crresticsr, ScnooL.—" In testing Clark, Mc Niell, n iverea lGas Burner with one of the best shawdowlass °Per e,nt gave a mor e p ure an d b r illi an t li g ht, w i t h a sav i ng o f 20 „ GEORGE CRISP, Engineer. ROUT. LONGBOTTOM, Secretary, ‘ , 14 a CERTIFICATE. uil L4 t IT — es Of experiments made upon Clark, Mc Niell, and Co.'s 4t k 4 a h ed h i niv ersal Otis Burner, its superiority was satisfactorily esta- SpiN hn„"°norny and the quality of the Tested against of —; I's, Nos. 4 (12 holes), and 6 (15 holes), it afforded a tV 4, 4 . a l east 25 per cent., and against three fish-tail burners, r to y Pe o r t e b e e n r t iirn Th er.,, The colour and brilliancy of the flame is supe- T. W. KEATEA, Consulting Chemist, ' "IVERSAL J. P. PALMER, Niechaniell In.pectir. GAS BURNER is used nightly at the Poly ns_titution, and may he had and seen from 11 till 4, at the ' 3t. Slartio's-lane, Charing-am ; old of all Cias /Aim. LADIES TRAVELLING, Visiting the Sea Coast, or otherwise exposed to the scorching rays of the Sun, will find ROWLAND'S, KALYDOR a most refreshing preparation for the Complexion, dispelling the cloud of lan guor and relaxation, allaying all heat and irritability, and immedi ately affording the pleasing sensation attending restored elasticity of the Skin. The numerous varieties of Cutaneous Eruptions, Sun burn, Freckles, Tan, and Discolourations, are platsingly eradicated by the Kalydor, and the skin rendered delicately soft and clear. Its purifying and refreshing properties have obtained its exclusive selec tion by tke Court and the Royal Family of Great Britain, and those of the Continent of Europe, together with the "elite" of the Aris tocracy and " Haute Volee," from the sultry climes of India, and the Drawing-rooms of Calcutta and Madras, to the frozen realms of the - Czar and the Salons of St. Petersburgh and Moscow.—Price 4s. 64. and Rs. 6d. per bottle. IV Beware of spurious "Ralydors" containing mineral astrin gents utterly ruinous to the complexion, and which, by their repel ant action, endatarer health. The only genuine has the words •, ROWLAND'S KALYDOR" on the wrapper, and A. ROWLAND and SON, 20, Hatton-garden, is also engraved (by desire of the Hon. Cormilissioners) on the GovernMent Stamp affixed on each bottle. Sold by' the Prckpristors, and by respectable Chemists and Per umers. Ali other " littlydwe Are trauduleut counterfeits. LIST OF PRICEN? TOADY MAWS. v. d. HOT WEATHER.-TRAVELLING.-SEA . SID - Z.—the . REGISTERD 'PALETOT in London, only at 22, Cornhill, oppbsite the Royal Exchange; and the chief Llaina Cloth Warehouse;ll4, Itegent-street. bo not be deceived by a similarity of name. placed In the windows of a few petty 'shops in the neighbourhood of the Patentees. Each Paletot is stamped .` H. J. and 1). NICOLL. 114, ,Regent-street." ATIONAL LOAN FUN 1) LIFE ASSUR. • ANCE SOCIETY, 26, CORNHILL LONDON. Capital £500,000. E,mpowered by Act of Parliament. This Institution embraces important and substantial advantages with respect to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured has, on all Occasions, the power to borrow, without expense or for feiture of thb tWo-thirds of the Premiums paid (see Table) ; also the option of selecting benefits, and the conversion of his in terests to meet other conveniences or necessity. Assurances for .terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates. DIVISION OF PROFITS. The remarkable success and increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a fourth bonus, varying from 3.5 to 85 per cent. on the premiums paid on each Policy effected on the:l'l'6M scale. • EXAMPLES. .-, ~... - ••' • ' ' ,7 S. itr' ... ri2 Premium . "'' 4 ' Bonus Bonus in ga g Assured r. On 0 t'D r y • P added. Cash. ,-0 g may 0 -. Borrow. • 9 , F. ' 1 ,----,—. ! - 0 £ s. r 1837. • .38, 1000 3 4 1839' 1840 1841 £21715 1 £lOO 011! , 192 • 3 0 87 1 41 1625 11 10 74 1 9' 116 7 6 54 0 10 111••6 8' • 49 10 0 L£l6 0 .14445 0 0 13 10 2: 395 11 1 11 3 11 346 2 3 7 18 10. 296 13 4 710 41 247 4 5 The division of profits is annual, and the next will be made in December of the present year. F. FERGUSON' CAMROUX, Secretary. • • ERCHANTS' AND TRADESMAN'S 3. I MUTUAL LIFE OFFICE, •No. 5; Chatham-place, - Blackfriars, London. Security Fund, 100,0001.; in Shares of 51. each. TRUSTEES. The Hon. Lord Charles Beauelerk. Quarles liarris,Esq• Jeffery Smith, Esq. PREHIUMS. FOE THE ASSURANCE •OF £lOO FOR LIFE , Age. £ s. d. Age. s. 4. Age. 20 — 1 11-•6 30 2 0 5 40 25 115 6 35 270 I 45 £ s. d. 2 15 4 3 6 10 • Prospectuses and every information may be obtained at the office, THOMAS MUSGRAVE, Secretary. ENGLISH and SCOTTISH LAW LIFE ASSURANCE and LOAN ASSOCIATION. 12, Waterloo-place, London; 119, Princes-streat, Edinburgh. Established in 1839. 'Subscribed Capital, One Million. LIFE ASSURANCE, ANNUITIES, REVERSIONS, AND ENDOWMENTS. A unionof the FAglislt,and Scottish Principles of Assurance. A COMPREHENSIVE and LIBERAL SYSTEM of LOAN in connexion with Life Assurance, on undoubted personal or other security. • The Assured participate in two-thirds of the prOfits. J. HILL WILLIAMS, Actuary and Secretary. THE CATHOLIC, LAW, AND GENERAL LIFE' ASSURANCE COMPANY. Incorporated under the 7th and Bth Vic., cap. 110. Capital, One Million, in 50,000 Shares of 201. each. Deposit, 11..per.Share. 8, New Ciwentry-street, Leicester-square, London. The business of this Company comprises Assurance on Lives in every form; - the Purchase of Life - Interests and Reversions, the Sale of Immeoiate and Defetred Annuities, the Endowment of Widows and Children, and.. the. Advance of Money upon Real Property and upon approved Personal Securities. . Prospectuses and every other•information may be obtained upon application. WM. NORRIS, Secretary. VICTORIA LIFE-A SSURANCE COMPANY No. IS, KING WILLIAM-STREET, CITY. Sir JAMES DUKE,- Alderman; M.P., Chairman. BENJAMIN HAWES, Esq., Deputy-Chairman, ti Benjamin Barnard, Esq, Thomas Nesbitt, Esq. Charles Baldwin; Esq. John Nolloth, Esq. B. Donkin, Esq., P.R.S. Charles Phillips, Esq. Aaron Goldsmid, Esq. Majcir-General Robertson James Law Jones; Esq: Daniel Sutton, Esq. John Knill, Esq. O'B. B. Woolsey, Esq. Life Assurances are effected by this Company on every description of risk, on a profit.or non-profit scale. • Credit of half the premiums for the first five years allowed on Poli cies effected for the whole term of life. • Payment of Premiums so arranged as to meet the convenience or wishes of the Assured. A Policy may be made an absolute security. Advances continue to be made to Assurers on - real or undoubted personal security, for terms of years, repayable by instalments. Particular attention is requested to the detailed Prospectuses of Ale Company. WILLIAM RATRAY, Actuary and Secretary, METROPOLITAN LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, No. 3, PRINCES-STREET, BANK. Th 6 DIRECTORS hereby give notice to Members whose Premiums , all dile on the sth of OCTOBER next, that the same must be paid within thirty days from that date. The Premiums are payable yearly, half-yearly, or quarterly, on the 9th of January, sth of April, sth of July, and sth of October, either )f which several days constitutes the commencement of the year to !Members. Persons, therefore; desirous of entering the Society, as Members, on the sth of October next, should appear, or lodge their proposals, at the Office, on or before that day. This Soc.ety, for mutual and general assurance, appropriates all its profits to the benefit of parties assuring their own lives for the whole term of life as Members of the Society. Au abatement of premium has been made at the rate of 45 per cent. for the year end i,,g the 4th of Aprll, 1847, under the confident expectation of a con tinued abatement at that rate, at least, to all Members of five years' standing and upwards. RICHARD HEATHFEELD, Superintendent, Princes-street, Bank, Sept. 9, 1846. NOTICE TO EQUITABLE POLICY HOLDERS. TNITED KIN GDOM LIFE A SSURANCE COMPANY. 8, WATERLOO-PLACE, PALL-MALL, LONDON. The attention of the Equitable Policy folders ie particularly called to the Half Credit Scales of Premium of this Company, by which Table the Bonus to, be declared at the next investigation, in January, 1850, may be secured at a present Annual Payment of one half the rates charged by other Companies. In the event of death, the sum insured will be paid, less the amount of Premiums on Credit. Should the life insured survive the declaration of the Bonus, the Policy may be allowed to lapse, and the Company will renounceall claim for the Half Premiums which may be due thereon ; or, in the event of the party being at that time in bad health, the Policy can be kept up by commencing to pay the full Premium of the age as when first accepted. The above plan, originating with this Company, was found peculiarly advantageous at the last Equitable Division in 1840, when it was largely adopted, and many of the Policies then effected are still in force, and large Bonuses have been added to them on the scale of the following Table:— Sum Assured. Time Assured Sum added to Policy. £5000...... •.• .6 years 10 monthS• ••• • • £683 6s. 6d. 5000..... • • • • 6 years 5000.. • . .• .. • • 4 years • . • 5000.... 2 years • 200 Os. Od. Prospectuses and every information maybe obtained on application to the Resident Directors, Edward Boyd, Esq. and E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., at the Offices, 8, Waterloo-place, London. DAVIES'S FINE SPERM CANDLES Is. sd. perlb. ; Genuine Sperm, .s. 6d. ; Yellow soap, 425. 465., 525., and Hs. per 1121b5.; Mottled, 5Ss., 60s. and 645.; Wax Candles, Is. per lb. ; German, Is. 2d. ' • Fine Wax, Is. sd. ; Trans parent Wax, Is. ; Genuine Wax, 2s. Id. ; Store Candles, 5%c1. ; Extra Waxed-wick Moulds, 6%d.; Genuine Sperm Oil, 7s. per gallon ; Solar, 3s. 3d. , Pale Seal, 3s. 6d. ; Argand, or Vegetable, 4s. 6d. ; Windsor Soap, Is. kI. per packet ; Palm, Is. 4d. ; Old Brown Windsor, Is. 9d. nose. 2s. ; Almond, 2s. 6d. ; Sealing Wax, 4s. 6d. per lb. ; Hale's crier Paragon Composite, requiring no snuf fing, 936 d. For Cash—At DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse 6 St. Martin's-lane, opposite New Slaughter's Coffee-house. LADIES' GOLD CHAINS, London made.— Drawings of the variottA, new patterns are kept fer the pur pose of sending by post to . any part of the country.—For facility of reference the weight is given by comparison with sovereigns • the quality of the gold is warranted equal to any that is worked into articles of this description. T. COX SAY IRY and "0., GolAlsmiths, &c., 47, Cornhill (seven doors from Gracechurch-street), London. JUVENILE PLEASURE. Amidst the bright scene we delightfully treasure, We witness with ocstacy juvenile pleasure! Their light-hearted revels we cherish with joy, Whilst the face is illumin'd of each beautiful boy ! Oh there is not a youth, we may venture to say, But enraptured looks forth to the bright holiday ; And amongst all the transports, and many are those, There is nothing that pleases so much as New Clothes ! Now HYAM, we freely acknowledge with truth, The very best Clothing provides for each youth, Transcendently high his great name now It shines, For Hussar Suits and Tunics of novel designs I At i cr ed l c u n t o d n i d s price as s or t s m h e e o w f we ju i i v i e d n i i s l p e o c s OflClothes his sp Parents and Guardians are respectfully invited to inspect the im mense veriety of Boys and Youths Clothing always kept ,11 hand at this Establishment. An immense saving in price is effected, and very garment warranted as to durability, quality, and fashion. • LIST OF PRICES. X s. d.. Dress Coat, braided edges • • ••• • • • from 1 1 0 Surtouts, Trousers, in cloth and doeskins , ...... . 0 8 6 Trousers, in Tweed .................... 0 G G Vests, either in cloth or fancy Materials • • 0 4 6 SUMMER GARMENTS. Summer Coats, in endless variety .. •• .. 9 9 6 Cashmere Ditto Fishing or Shooting Ditto • Office Ditto •• • •.. Blouses, in countless profusion.. •• • • 0 2 6 Trousers, in all the newest washing materials ....... ...... • 0 6 6 Vest, ditto, Designs guaranteed to retain their colour .. .. • • . 0 2 9 MADE TO ORDER. Dress Coats, made to measure from 1 10 e Snrtouts, ditto . Trousers, ditto 0 15 0 Test, ditto ..... . • • • • .. 0 7 0 SUMMER GARMENTS The Hyamonian P a l e t o t , a fashionable Over-coat, made to order, extremely light and well-adapted for the present season Trousers, of peculiarly light fabrics ... • 0 8 0 Vests, .in rich Cashmere and printed Quiltings, French patterns.... •• •• •• 0 7 .6 An Immense Stock of Youths and Boy's Clothing at proportionate .ew prices. Money will be returned to any purchaser, should lie not approve of his purehwe after seeing the articles at his own house. No business transacted on Saturdays until the evening. L. HYA M. Pantechnetheca. 36 Gracechurch-street. London. Admission, Is.; Se:lo°ls, ;Taff-price. AND LIFE Assuß. , MPANY. t the Entrance of the Old Post arms. RE, Esq., Chairman. t. ' Deputy-Chairman. George Lyall, Esq., M.P. Stewart Marjoribanks, Esq., M.P. John Martin, Esq., M.P. Rowland Michell, Esq. Robert Mitford, Esq. James Morris Esq. Henry R. Reynolds,jun., Esq. John Thornton, Esq. James Tulloch, Esq. TORS. A. W. Robarts, Esq I Henry Sykes Thornton, Esq. Samuel Jones Loyd, Esq. I Henry Norman, Esq. AcTualtv—Griffith Davies, Esq., F.R.S. _ _ G UARDIAN FIRE ANCE CO: No. 11, LOMBARD-STREET, at 'office, L DIRE( JOHN LABOUCHE] JOHN DIXON, Esq . Henry Hulse Berens, Esq. Francis Hart Dyke, Esq. Sir Walter R. Farquhar, Bart: Thomson Flankey, jun., Esq. John Harvey, Esq. ohn Gellibraud Hubbard, Esq. George Johnstone, Esq. • johie Loch, 'Esq. Lewis Loyd, jun., Esq. In the LIFE DEPART3tENT, a Benuswas declared in June 1829, exceeding one per cent. per annum on the sums insured, on an average 43f the different Ages; •and two subsequent divisions of nearly equal amounts were shade up to Christmas 1835 and Christmas 1842. On an average of the three divisions the Reversionary Bonuses added to the several Policies at the end of every seven years amounted to about 27 per cent. on the total premiums paid thereon during those seven years, and the whole amount of Bonuses allotted at the three Septennial divisions exceeded 530,0001. Loans granted on Life Policies to the extent of their values, pro vided such Policies have been effected a sufficient time to have attained hi each case a value not under SQI. . In the FIRE DEPARTMENT, a Return of profit was declared on the 4th of June, upon the prey hums received on all Policies which ha&treen in force seven yrars at Christmas 1844, and the same is now in course of payment .daily (Friday and Saturday excepted), between the hours of ten and three o'clock, at the Head Office ; and also by the Agents in the Country Districts. Notice is hereby given, that as'urances which expire at Michael mas Day - must be renmbed within fifteen days at this Office, or with Mr. Sams, 1,• St. James's-street, corner of Pall-mall; or with the Company's agents throughout the kingdom, otherwise they become void. , GEORGE KEYS, Secretary, PUBLICATIONS. NEW MUSICAL PERIODICAL. On the First of October will be published, price 6d., printed from En. .._ _ _ graved Plates, on paper the usual ' M size, No. I, of THE MUSIC BOOK, a Weekly Periodical of ORIGINAL MIISI by the most Eminent Composers, corn. prising Mrs. a Beckett, Balfe, Benedict, Alex. Lee, E. Loder, F. G. Reed, J. H. Tully, V. Wallace, &c. &c. No. I. will contain " SING, -.MAIDEN, SING," the words (by permission) by Barry Cornwall, the music by Balfe. London : publ!shed at the Office of The Music Book, St. Bride's Avenue, Fleet-street, and sold by all Booksellers and Newsmen ; of whom, and at the office, Prospectuses may be had. PRICE EifiIITPENCE-lIALFPENNY. TII E PEOPLE'S JOURNAL. Part VIII., for SEPTEMBER, contains : ENGRAVINGS: Haydon's Dentattis r Joshua Reynold's Infant Hercules. Portrait of Father Mathew, with Memoir, by William Howitt. Scott Memorial, Edinburgh. Faust and Margaret, by Scheffer. ORIGINAL PAPERS. Harriet Martineau's Survey from the Mountain, Lake and Moan tain Holydays, and Household Education. The Kafirs of the Cape of Good Hope, by G. C. Munro. Story of a Penny, by Mary Leman Gillies. Wlllittrn Howitt, on Flogging ; on Grey, the Author of the Railway System ; and the Robber Band at Tuseulum, Mademoiselle Rachel, by Angus B. Reach.:, The Birmingham Athenic Institute. Life in New South Wales: Ragged Schools of Liverpool. Life of a Sailor, by Franklin Fox. Music—Fart Singing, by H, F. Chorley. Democracy in Europe, by J. Mazaini ; No. 1. Poems, Tales, Essays, &c., by H. F. Chorley, R. 11. Horne,Riebard Howitt, Mary Howitt, Thomas Campion, Caroline A. White, &c. &c. In preparation, Portraits of and Papers on Lloyd, Garrison., Charles Knight, W. C. Maeready, W. J. Fox, &c. < London : People's Journal Office, 69, Fleet-street. Sold by all Booksellers and Newsmen. METROPOLITA N FREE HOSPITAL. The tenth annual dinner of the supporters of this institution was held on Wednesday at the Freemasons' Tavern. The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor officiated as chairman, and was supported by Sir George Carroll, D. S. Ker, Esq., M.P., J. Goding, Esq., R. M. Bates, Esq., G. Mavi ogani, Esq., J. C. Prior, Esq., J. Evans, Esq., J. G. Fry, Esq., Joseph Fry, Esq., junior, Luke Hansard, Esq., &c. The CHAIRMAN, after the removal of the cloth, pro posed " The health of her Majesty the Queen and Prince Albert, the Queen Dowager, the Prince of Wales and the rest of the Royal Family." His Lordship then gave " The Army and Navy." The health of the " Hon. Member for Downpatrick " was afterwards given, which afforded the Lord Mayor the opportunity of bear ing testimony to the loyalty and devotion of the inhabit ants of the sister isle, than whom, he felt assured, there were none more loysl to their Sovereign, nor more devoted to the interest and well-being of the empire. Mr. KER returned thanks, and proposed the health of "The L , rd Mayor." The LORD MAYOR said, that whether within the city bounds or without them, he always felt much pleasure in meeting his fellow-citizens, and more especially so when engaged on a work of charity. He had had the pleasure of meeting many of the gentlemen present on a former occasion, and he trusted that he would meet them yet many more times to the advancement of the institution they were that day assembled to strengthen and promote. He thought that if the same system of affording relief to the poor were extended to Ireland, it would produce a very great and beneficial influence on the Irish. His Lordship said that he had travelled over a greater part of that country, and he was obliged to confess that he never experienced greater hospitality nor received a more warm and welcome reception than in Ireland. If such an institution were established, he should have no objection to go over to be present at their first meeting. His Lordship, in conclusion, returned thanks for the honour which had been conferred upon him. The health of Prince Albert, and the patrons of the institution, having been drunk, The LORD MAYOR proposed briefly the toast of the evening, " Prosperity to the Metropolitan Free Hospi tal." He said that the immense value of the institution was apparent to any one acquainted with its operations, as also the vast amount of benefit it was the means of distributing amongst the poor of the neighbourhood in which it was situated. He was himself well acquainted with the locality, and he could assert that, from the very dense population of the district, the value of the institution was day by day more dearly appreciated. His Lordship complimented the medical officers on the gratuitous yet valuable exertions they were making fcr the benefit of the poor entrusted to their care, and con cluded by again proposing the above toast. After the reading of the report, the LORD MAYOR pro posed " The health of Sir G. Carroll," who briefly re turned thonks for the compliment. The health of Mr. Luke Hansard, Mr. Rogers, and other gentlemen present, having been given and re sponded to, the proceedings of the evening terminated very pleasantly, and from the fact of the subscriptions having realised the amount of 5001., very satisfactorily to the institution. The following, extracted from the printed report, is the number of patients admitted to the Metropolitan Free Hospital, from the 7th of April, 1845, to the 7th of April, 1846: . - Under the care of the Physicians S 7 Surgeons 3,396 f, Dentist 658 Total for the year ending 7th of April, 1846 9,989 Number of Patients admitted in the nine pre ceding years Total since the opening of the Hospital on the 14th of May, 1836 80,538 The Metropolitan Free Hospital, notwithstanding its great utility in alleviating the sufferings of our fellow creatures, is by no means in a flourishing condition; and it therefore becomes the promoters of the charitable in stitutions of the country to step forward, and aid by their purse and influence the objects of so excellent an asylum for the poor and destitute. REDUCTION OF THE HILL AT PICCADILLY.—For some time past a number of labourers have been engaged in digging away the hill in Piccadilly, from Half Moon street to Dover-street, and re-paving it with broken granite. THE AFGHAN TRIBES.—The state of society in Afghanistan is now, and seems from time immemorial to have been, entirly different from that which prevails in other countries of Asia. In name, the government is monarchical ; but the authority of the monarch, ex• cept in the great towns and throughout the districts im mediately dependent upon them, extends no farther over his subjects than the authority of the first Jameseo extended in Scotland over the clans which occupied the most inaccessible of the Highland districts. Indeed, the Afghans bear, in this respect, a striking resemblance to the Celtic portions of the population both of Scotland and of Ireland, that they are divided into tribes, clans, and septs, which pay little or no obedience, in the inter nal management of their affairs, to any power except that of custom and of their chiefs. To be sure, there is a point in the spirit of clanship in Afghanistan which acts differently, and on principle too, from its manner of operation either in Scotland or in Ireland. In the latter countries, the head of the tribe used to demand and ob tain the fealty of his clansmen to his person ; in the former this fealty is paid more to the community than to the chief ; and hence it comes to pass that there is much more of individual independence of character among the Afghans than seems to have prevailed among the ancestors of the M'Neils or the O'Connors ; for though there are instances in the history of the Celtic clans of the setting aside by his people of one chief, and the appointment, on the same authority, of another, the proceeding was not only rare in itself, but seems never to have been resorted to except in the last emergency ; whereas in Afghanistan the practice is of constant oc currence, as often as by the representatives of the prin cipaPfamilies the chief is held to be incompetent, or is found guilty of haVing transgressed three unwritten laws which are understood by all, and by all reverenced and obeyed from one generation to another.—Sale's Brigade in Afghanistan. BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE • ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. SOUTHAMPTON; WEDNESDAY. Yesterday evening a public dinner, open to all the members of the associa tion, took place at the long room, a large hall in which the meetings of the mathematical section are held. The banquet was very numerously attended, upwards of 260 members having sat down to table, but the arrange ments, to say the least of them, were not those of a first-rate London hotel. There were no stewards ap pointed, and the guests were kept waiting in an ante room without seats for a full hour after the time ar ranged. Philosophers were, however, not expected to complain of such trifles, and to say the truth of them they went through the experiment made upon their ca pability of endurance with true professional equanimity. Sir R. I. Murchison, the president of the association, filled the chair. On the right of the chairman sat Professor Oersted, Sir John Herschel, Bart., the Rev. B. Powell, and the Dean of Westminster, and on the left sat the Mayor, the Marquis of Northampton, Leonard Horner, Esq., F.R.S., and G. Porter, Esq., president of the statistical section. All the other foreigners who are guests of the association were provided with places immediately in front of the chair. When the cloth was removed, and grace said, The PRESIDENT, in proposing the usual loyal toasts, referred to the interest which her Majesty took in the proceedings of the association, and to the knowledge which his Royal Highness Prince Albert displayed of the several branches of science treated of at the sectional meetings which he had attended. He then gave " The Queen." " His Royal Highness Prince Albert, the first and only honorary member of the British Association." " The army and navy." Lieutenant-Colonel COLBY, R.E., returned thanks on the part nitthe army. • He said - that: as they had so very brief an interval before the hour fixed for the evening meeting, he would not occupy their time except merely to return thanks for the honour that had been done the service with which he was connected. Europe had now been blessed with thirty years:of peace, and he trusted that that peace would long continue to the advancement of science and the continuance of the intercourse which now existed between them and the distinguished scien tific foreigners whom he saw around him. Captain ALLEN, RN., riefly acknowledged the toast on behalf of the navy. The PRESIDENT alluded to the very flattering and hospitable reception which the association had met with in tile town of Southampton, and said he was sure every member present would cordially unite with him in drinking the next toast, which was " The Mayor, Cor poration, and Inhabitants of Southampton."—(Cheers.) The MAYOR said he should claim the same privilege that was accorded to those who preceded him, namely, of net tresspassiug at any length upon their time, in con sequence of the very few moments that would elapse before the time fixed on f o r the evening meeting. aln returning thanks for the honour which had been con ferred by the toast they had just drank, he begged to state that the authorities of the town most anxiously and ardently desired that the association would do them the honour of coming among them; and he sincerely hoped they were in turn well pleased with their reception.— (Cheers.) It was true that the people of Southampton had not received them with any great liberality or hos pitality, but they knew that they had to prepare for men of science, and that the arrangements which would be most acceptable to the members of the association were those tending to promote the objects for which they laboured.—(Cheers.) Mr. SDAPCOTE acknowledged the toast on the part of the inhabitants. He apologised for any! annoyances which might be felt on account of the delay which had taken place in the arrangements for the dinner, and said that, on the whole, he trusted they would , consider the pledge which he had given at the Cambridge meeting, namely,- that they would be cordially received at South ampton' had been redeemed. The Marquis of NORTHAMPTON, in brief but com plimentary terms, proposed " The health of the Presi dent." The toast was received with great applause. The PRESIDENT returned thanks. lie felt in the tes timony of their applause that, humble geologist as he was, they were satisfied with the exertions which he had made as president of their association. He would ask those—if there were such, for he had not much time for reading latterly, and he did not well know what was going forward—he would ask those who criticised their proceedings, to look at the scientific character of the men by whom he was surrounded. He might mention 100 names of members of that association who occupied the very foremost rank in science, and he would ask whether it could be said that they were not capable of directing the whole power of their minds to the geatest objects of the sciences which they cultivated ?—(Hear, hear.) In a recent elaborate discourse he endeavoured to put before them the claims which the assn. elation had on science, and the many instances in which they had effected objects of the highest scientific interest, which would never have been produced but for the energies and the money of the members of that body. He would say to those to whom he alluded, that if they did not look to these facts—if they did not look the horse in the face—let them not attempt criticising their proce e di ngs .—(Hear, hear.) The association at its present meeting received an im pulse in the support which had been extended to it by all classes, from the Sovereign downwards, and which could not fail to be most beneficial to science. —(Hear.) The PRESIDENT again rose, and after complimenting the foreign guests of the association separately, and re ferring to the great scientific claims of each of them, which he had before set forth in his inaugural address, begged to propose the health of M. Oersted, their lead ing member, and the other distinguished foreigners who had honoured the meeting with their presence. The toast was drunk with great enthusiasm. Mr. BULLER, of Southampton, begged, on the part of his fellow-townsmen, to offer a cordial welcome to the illustrious foreign gentlemen whose health had been just drunk. M. OERSTED briefly returned thanks, and expressed the gratification felt by his foreign friends, as well as by himself, at the kind reception they had met with in this country, and the great amount of valuable and interest ing knowledge which they had received in attending at the meeting of the British Association. The company then separated. THE EVENING MEETING. The fourth evning meeting of the association was held at half-past eight o clock, in the Royal Victoria Rooms. The attendance was fully as numerous and brilliant as on the preceding evening. Sir R. MURCHISON, the president, on taking the chair, apologised to the ladies present for the delay of half an hour which had taken place beyond the usual time of meeting, in consequence of the proceedings elsewhere. He then introduced Mr. Grove, the eminent chemist, to the meeting. The matter selected for the proceedings of this evening, it should be observed, comprised an explanation by Mr. Grove of his own recent discoveries of the decomposition of water by beat, and also an account of M. Schonbein's extraordinary invention of explosive cotton. Mr. GROVE entered in the first place on an explanation of Professor Schonbein's invention. He commenced with a sketch of the history of explosive substances. Though the origin of gunpowder is generally attributed to Schwartz, a monk of Cologne, he considered it pro bable that the experiments of that individual were made on explosive bodies well known for a considerable time previously. A pyrotechnic combination called " Greek fire" is mentioned in Arabic, Greek, and Latin writers of the 9th century, and in the 13th century a considerable number of such substances were known to the Arabs, who called them " Chinese fire" and " Chinese hail," &c.; and most probably, therefore, owed their knowledge of them to the Chinese. In all of these nitre was introduced, and some of them contained the precise ingredients of gunpowder. Professor Schonbein's discovery was not as yet secured by a patent, and of course it could not be supposed that the ingredients which he made use of wou ld be commu nicated, but it was a gratifying circumstance that he had in the first place come to offer it to the British Govern ment and the British people. The principal drawbacks in the use of gunpowder were, that it produced so much smoke, and left a residuum which prevented fire-arms from being used for any considerable time without cleansing. M. Schonbein's gun cotton had neither of these disadvantages. It bad all the appearance of ordinary white cotton, and was not injured by moisture. There were two kinds of this cotton, both similar in appearance, but one of an inferior quality which pro duced a small quantity of smoke, and left a slight residuum. The other caused not the slightest appear ance of smoke, and left no traces whatever on the paper from which it was fired. Mr. Grove fired off some portions of gunpowder, and of the two kinds of cotton, both dried and moist. In one experiment the superior cotton when placed on gunpowder exploded without igniting the powder, which was afterwards fired off on the application of a heated wire. This proved the great rapidity of its combustion, while the absence of smoke was according to the opinion of Sir J. Herschel, expressed at a later period of the evening, owing to the perfect union which took place between the substances made use of. Mr. GROVE next proceeded to explain his own great discovery of the separation of water into its constituent elements by heat. his discourse was the substance of a paper which he has communicated to the Royal Society on this subject. Water is known to be composed of two elements, oxygen and hydrogen, from a chemical union of which it can be easily formed. By passing water through a red-hot gun-barrel the oxygen unites with the iron, which becomes incrustated with rust, while the hydrogen is eliminated separately. This is the old mode of proceeding, but no attempt had heretofore suc ceeded of collecting both the gases in one experiment, without having either absorbed by any other substance. The new process discovered by Mr. Grove consists in introducing two platinum wires into the lower part of a glass tube, hermetically sealed, and filled with water, from which the atmospheric air has been first expelled by boiling. The wire is then heated almost to the point of fusion, by means of the galvanic current, and the in tense heat has the effect of completely decomposing the water, the gases rising in small bubbles, which were collected at the other extremity of the tube. As it might be supposed that the decomposition was produced by the action of the galvanic fluid, he next tried the Sir JOHN lIERSCHEL being called upon by the Presi dent, addressed the meeting at some length. The Rey. Dr. ROBINSON also addressed the meeting, and alluded to the extraordinary visitation of comets during the past two years. Their number was so great that on one night he had been able to point out to some of his friends who visited the Armagh Observatory no less than five comets. A remarkable fact, which ap peared to have some connexion with the discovery of Mr. Grove, is that the comets when coming from their an nelion appear like small stars surrounded by the cloudy envelope or coma from which they derive their name ; but after passing the sun the comet swells out into an immense size, while the star or solid body considerably decreases, and in one instance, observed by Sir John Herchel at the Cape, appeared to have entirely dis appeared. Sir JOHN FlEnscrim, remarked that one of the most extraordinary scientific facts of the past year was that of one of the comets having divided into tvt o, each of which proceeded on its way alone. He would probably have some remarks to bring before the association on this subject at a future time. The meeting, after hearing some explanatory remarks from Mr. Grove, separated. The sections, with the exception of those which had completed their labours yesterday, all opened at eleven o'clock this morning. SECTION B.—CHEMISTRY. There were six papers read at this section, but there was only one of any general interest among them. " On certain principles which obtain in the application of manures. By W. C. Spooner." After alluding to the importance of studying economy in considering the application of chemistry to the purposes of agriculture— a fact which chemists were but too prone to overlook— the author dwelt on the necessity of attending to the distinction between manures that are most essential to the plant, and which can only be supplied by manure, and those which are less essential and which can be pro cured from other sources. Whilst the compounds of ammonia and phosphoric acid are of such value as to well repay the expenditure of a large sum in procuring them—the weaker manures—the alkalis, which can to a great extent be substituted for each other, and the sili. cotes, which ought to be realised from the soil, should only be used as purchased manure when they canbe procured at a low expense—particularly as they may be got from the ashes of vegetables, or from burnt clay or other soil, or else by the disintegration of the earth in the mecha nical operations of agriculture. The paper concluded by suggesting the formation of an exclusively agricul, tural section at the f u t ure mee ti ngs o f th e asso ciation. SECTION C.—GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY. Leonard Horner, Esq., president. This section sat for a short time, and afterwards pro ceeded to visit the Artesian well on the common, near the town. The president of the association, Sir R. Mur chison, announced it to be the opinion of the principal geologists present, that as the boring had been continued for such a considerable distance into the chalk, the works ought to be proceeded with, with the expectation of soon reaching the upper-green sandstone, in which the great supply of water would be found. SECTION D.—ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY. Sir John Richardson, M.D., president, in the chair. " On mould containing phosphorescent vegetables. By the lion. W. Fox Strangways." The luminous matter described in the paper was found attached to the roots of some mosses on a hill near Alexandria. No at tempt at explaining the phenomenon was made. Mr. BABINGTON observed that he had found the same phosphorescence attached to precisely similar moss grow ing in cavities in the red sandstone of Cornwall. On the dissimilarity in the calcifying functions of mollusks, whose organisation is in other respects similar." By Mr. Lovell Reeve—This was an oral communication, and the author delivered some interesting remarks on the physiological condition of the highest forms of mollusks, for the purpose of showing the subordinate character of the shell as compared with the other parts of their struc ture. He demonstrated that of the four shell secreting kinds of cephalopods, the cuttle fish, the paper nautilus, the pearly nautilus, and the spirule or ram's horn, each exhibited a different method of forming its shell, differ ing as much from each other in their microscopic struc ture, and secreted even from different parts of their system, although strictly allied in all those elements of anatomical detail which constitute the soft parts or animal frame; showing also that whilst the calcareous portion of the cuttle fish was merely represented by an internal bony plate, consisting mainly of carbonate of lime, the shell of the pearly nautilus constituted a huge mechanical apparatus, secreted from the mantle envelop ing the visceral mass, and consisting of two separate deposits, an outer crust, - and an inner nacre, for the purpose of buoying up its inhabitant under the different mutations of pressure to which it is subjected in its deep region of habitation. The shell of the paper nautilus, on the other hand, was a light elastic boat, transparent and permeable to light, secreted only by the female for the purpose of containing her eggs; and that in this animal the office of calcification was transferred by some mysterious order from the mantle to the hinder pair of arms. The spirula was again totally different, it being contained within the mantle of an animal far larger in proportion than that of the other cephalopods, under circumstances which at present remained unknown. The drawing exhibited was taken from a living specimen recently collected at New Zealand, for the first time in perfect condition, but as the proprietor was unwilling that it should be dissected, Mr. Reeve could only state that it contained a problem in the physiological history of the cephalopods which it was extremely desirous to solve. The next point to which he directed the attention of the section was the curious difference which takes place in the growth of the cowrey and the olive, and which he had more fully communi cated to the Linnwan Society. When the cowrey arrived at a certain period of its existence, the mantle divided into two lobes, which passing out of the aperture of the shell on either side, deposited the testaceous matter from the outside; but the olive, which produces a shell of almost similar appearance and external polish, com pleted its growth by the gradual addition of matter at the top, secreted by the mantle, which has no further influence over the shell after it once receded from it in its course of retrovolution, and was held in a state of tention by a filament or cord passing from its posterior extremity into a narrow groove in the spire of the shell. Other peculiarities were also demonstrated in the colours and design of the different layers of enamel. The author next directed his remarks to the chiton, patella, dolium, glassy nautilus, firoles, and other mollusks, the whole of which were illustrated by a series of beauti fully executed drawings on a large scale, each as in a living condition, with its shell in situ. Mr. Reeve con cluded his observations by hoping that as the result of his inquiries were in course of publication elsewhere, we should soon see our amateur conchologists collecting their specimens with a more philosophic spirit of inquiry into the nature and habits of those animals of which they merely constituted a subordinate portion. Whilst the geologist might content himself to a certain extent with the shells, as serving to identify that abundant issue of imperishable medals by which he is enabled to calcu late the age and convulsions of the crust of our globe, the zoologist must be satisfied with nothing short of complete physiological analysis of the mysterious ani mals from which they are derived. SECTION E.—SUBSECTION FOR ETHNOLOGY. Dr. R. G. Latham in the chair. 1. Dr. Twining on Nekrowazezers of Bessarabia. 2. On the Inhabitants of Timor. 3. On the Inhabitants of Macassar. 4. Dr. R. G. Latham's Report on the present state of Ethnological Philology. ►SECTION G.-MECHANICS. The Rev. Dr. Robinson, vice-president, in the chair. The proceedings at this section to-day were looked forward to during the week with much anxiety, as the new wave principle in the importont department of naval architecture was expected to be developed. The room was densely crowded during the meeting. Dr. PHIPPS gave an account, which was of a most flattering kind of the sailing powers of two sailing yachts, built by him on the wave principle. These were the Enchantress cutter and a smaller boat built for Dr. Corrigan, of Dublin. In the course of his remarks he observed that vessels of from 70 to 80 tons might be safely cutter-rigged, but above that tonnage the enor mous weight and size of the mainboom would render such a rig unwieldy and dangerous. In smaller vessels it might be taken as a general rule that no plurality of sails would never effectually supply the place of one large sail. The Rev. Dr. ROBINSCUI said, before calling on Mr. Russell, the author of the wave system of ship building, to explain its principles, he would offer a few preliminary remarks on a subject involving so intimately the great ness and prosperity of this empire. There was a museum, which was easy of access, kept at Somerset House, of the models of nearly all the vessels of war that had ever been built, and it was a most h u miliating sight to percei ve that, with the exception of the celebrated ship the Great Harry, and the Sovereign of the Seas, there was not a single model rising higher than that of a beast of burden in the entire, save some prizes taken from the French. During the war it was found that French vessels could always keep to the windward of the British ships, and then sail away from them when they liked, and it was solely owing to the indomitable spirit of the British salon that so many great victories had been obtained. The superiority of the French ships he ascribed to the care taken by Louis XIV. to unite practical know ledge with superior science in this branch of national greatness. The few good British ships that had been constructed were made after French models, and even in these there was such an inferiority, that a number of small vessels, built on the plan of a celebrated French corvette, were so bad as to be known in the service as the forty thieves. The writers on naval archi tecture, with the exception of Chapman and a few more, promulgated the most absurd rules and systems, and left the subject without any theoretic principles whatever to guide the builders. He would have asked the associa tion before this to obtain a report on the practical prin ciples of naval architecture, but that he really.knew no oue to whom they could apply with a prospect of getting a satisfactory answer. As an instance of the bad feel ing existing on this subject, he had only to allude to the recent operations of the experimental squadron, where matters of fact had been made matters of party. He trusted, however, that at the next session of the associa tion some better prospect would be before them. A few of the points on which information was wanted were these : —The stability of the vessel to carry a suffi ciency of can vass to o b ta i n the necessary speed was importantan consideration. The stability was to be obtained, either by lengthening the vessel, or still more by increasing the breadth, or else by deepen ing it. Each of these modes, however, bore with it a corresponding disadvantage, and some general theory of proportion was most desirable. The second point was to enable the vessel to move through the water with the least possible resistance. By increas ing the stability of the vessel, they increased also the resistance, and that resistance was also considerably pro moted if the vessel left a slough or vacant place in the water at its stern. The third great object was to increase the power of the vessel to sail against the resistance of the wind, as in sailing near the wind her tendency to drift sideways was much greater than in going ahead. On none of these points had they any accurate theore tical knowled ge w h a t ever . Th e water line, which was the line formed by the water on being first separated and then closing behind the vessel, was entirely unsettled, almost every ship-builder having some favourite theory of his own, without, however, being able to assign any reason for adopting it. The reverend gentleman then gave some parti cu l ars o f t h e exce ll ent sailing qualities of Dr. Corrigan's yacht, but said that it was probable the wave principle on which she was built might here after be still further improved. At least there were some points on which he would like to cross-examine the inventor. Mr. RUSSELL then came forward, and after expressing his gratitude to the association for directing its attention to so important a subject, proceeded to explain the theory of what was known as the wave principle in ship building. He was first induced to direct his mind to this subject when the canal companies proposed, some years ago, to establish swift boats that might compete with the mail coaches. On being applied to by them, his first attempt was to build one with a spheroidal bow, but the result was not as successful as was to be wished. The favourite shape of bow among seamen at the time was that called a duck's breast, but the effect was to raise a large wave immediately in front of the vessel, which of course considerably retarded its velocity. He then directed his attention to the motion of the water itself. When a vessel passed through the water at a great velocity, a high wave was raised at the head, as high in the old steamers as four feet, and this wave on falling back formed a hollow by its pressure immediately behind it, and the water was afterwards sent out with great force on both sides of the bow. All this was a costly and useless expenditure of force. In en deavouring to ascertain the least resistance necessary to bring the particles of water out of a state of rest, he conceived that there ought to be a similarity between the motion of water and that of a pendulum revolving in a circle, and this led him to adopt the form known as the wave principle. This is different from a bow formed of two straight lines meeting at an acute angle, in being narrower than such a bow towards the cut-water, and a little wider towards the bow. The object to be attained was, he conceived, to remove the particles of water ra pidly, and at the same time not to throw them farther aside than the breadth of the vessel amidships. That this object was effected by the wave principle he ascer tained in the following manner :—He got his model boat to be carried along by high-bred horses at a speed of 17 miles an hour, and made the head pass between two oranges floating on the water, and which he intended to represent two particles of the water to be removed. The oranges merely touched the side of the vessel until they got amidships, and there remained, thus showing that no greater force had been applied to them than was necessary to remove them out of the way of the vessel. Another phenomenon observed was, that, instead of the high wave at the bow, which sailors thought was a sign of a ship sailing well, or what they called carrying a bone in her teeth, the elevation and subsequent depression of the water were entirely got rid of. He at first thought it would be better to have the same shape behind, but he found it did not answer at all. He diseovered, in fact, that the fuller she was behind, and the flatter she lay upon the surface of the water, the quicker she sailed, and that this should be the case is clear, when it is consi dered that the water, returning to its level, is governed by an entirely different law from that by which it is first separated. These two considerations united led him to the adoption of what is known as the wave principle. In the wave formation, the greatest breadth of the ship is not at the bows, or even amidships, but a great way aft, in the ratio of three to two, and the other pbculiarity is, that there is a long and extremely gentle hollow in the water-line forward, with a very full water-line abaft, but which is, however, never on the s ur f ace o f t h e water to exceed a cycloid. An interesting discussion followed, and several mem bers expressed themselves highly gratiied at the explan ation which Mr. Russell had given of his theory. MEETING OF THE GENERAL COMMITTEE. The general committee met this•day at three o'clock. The President in the chair, The minutes of the last meeting having been read and confirmed, Mr. TAYLOR, the general treasurer, read his report of the number of tickets issued since the commencement of the meeting. They were as follows : Old life members 241 New members lO New annual subscribers 39 Old annual subscribers Associates Foreigners Ladies Total 843 The amount of money received was 7101., to which . was to be added the subscription of his Royal Highness Prince Albert of 1001., and 81.45. Bd. for books, making in all 8201. 4s. Bd. Colonel SABINE, the general secretary, then read the lists of recommendations agreed to by the committee of recommendation. These were divided into three parts, the first involving grants of money from the associa tion, the second requiring no grants of money, and the third being recommendations to the Government or other public bodies. The recommendations were una nimously adopted. The following is a synopsis of the grants of moneys recommended, with the name of the member, who alone, or as the first of the committee, is entitled to draw for the money:— Kew Observatory £l5O 0 0 MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE. Erman, A.—Computation of Gaussian for 1839. (Continuation.) ..... £so 0 0 Birt, W.—Researches in Atmospheric Waves 10 0 0 Robinson, Rev. Dr.—Construction of a new Anemometer (Committee).—Complete Catalogues of Stars 70 0 0 CHEMICAL SCIENCE. Percy, Dr.—On Crystalline Slags, &c 2O 0 0 Schunck.—On Colouring Matters ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY. Strickland, R. E.—Vitality of Seeds Portlock, Capt.—Marine Zoology of Corfu lO 0 0 Lemon, Sir Charles, Bart.—Marine Zoology of Cornwall lO 0 0 Forbes, Prof. E.—Marine Zoology of Britain 10 0 0 Egerton, Sir Philip, Bart.—Habits of Marine Animals Spence, William. —On Scorpionid m an d Arachnidre Owen, Prof.—Tabular Forms for Registering Periodical Phenomena PHYSIOLOGY. Blake, Dr.—Physiological Action of Medi- cines 2O 0 0 The SECRETARY then read the Report of the Directors, which stated that though they had made some conces sions in their plan to prejudices, it was substantially still the same. The Company would begin its operations at King's Scholar's Pond, pipes being carried on to Hounslow. After alluding to Mr. Martin, the projector of the company, and the claim he had on the share holders for compensation, the report congratulated the meeting on the certain prospects of a remunerative return. Mr. NEISON moved that the report read be received and adopted. Mr. PROPERT seconded the motion. Messrs. Jellico and Owen Jones were appointed auditors to the company. Mr. SMITH, of Deanston, then addressed the meeting and stated at length the experiments which had been made to ascertain the practicability of their scheme, and demonstrative of the certain good effects which would fol:ow its application. He gave notice that he would move at the next general meeting of the Company, that the half-yearly meetings its future should take place in. May and November. Mr. MOORE, the Secretary, entered into his own twenty-three years' experience of the good that would result from the adoption of the Company's scheme, cor roborative of the remarks which had already fallen from Mr. Smith. A vote of thanks was moved to the directors, and the meeting then broke up. DEATH OF SIR JOHN WILLIAMS. The subject of this notice was at his country resi dence, Livermere-park, near Bury, in Suffolk, enjoying that needful relaxation which this period of the year usually places at the disposal of the overwrought lawyer, where his earthly career was unhappily brought to a , close. The age of Sir John Williams was not much short of 70 years, but those who knew him considered that his state of general health was sufficiently good to warrant the hope that he might be destined to enjoy as long a life as ordinarily falls to the lot of a successful lawyer. The learned personage just deceased had been for the last twelve years one of the judges of the Court of Queen's Bench ; and if he did not digilay in that distinguished position talents and attainments of the very highest order, he at least brought to the discharge of its onerous and important duties great integrity, a sincere and earnest desire to administer justice in exact conformity with the existing state of the law and the ac knowledged principles of British jurisprudence. The subject of this memoir reached the dignified station which he occupied at the time of his death without much aid from that species of connexion which in the present day is deemed almost essential to forensic success; for he began life at the bar with scarcely any means of procuring clients beyond that which a distinguished university re putation may be supposed to confer. Sir John Williams was a native of Bunbury, in Cheshire ; his family, how ever, were settled in Merionethshire, and Sir John was always very careful to have it understood that he be longed to the principality. His father was rector of a parish in Merionethshire, but he was also vicar of Bun bury, and was residing there when his son John was born. At the well-known grammar school of Manches ter Sir John Williams received the early part of his education, and he proceeded thence to Trinity College, Cambridge, eminently qualified by the instruction and discipline of his boyhood to avail himself of the advan tages and acquire the honours which a university pre sents to men of diligence and ability. He went to Cam bridge in the year 1794, and obtained a scholarship the first time that he sat. Mr. Williams took his bachelors de gree in 1798, and during his under-graduate course ob tained several prizes; but the.chief object of hisyouthful am bition—that to which he attached much more importance than to any advancement in after life —was a fellowship. In hoping for that distinction he was not destined to en counter disappointment ; and it is rather a remarkable proof of his peculiar opinions upon this subject, that he • has been sometimes heard to say, he considered the honour of a fellowship, obtained in the face of that com petition against which he contended, an acquisition seperior even to the dignity of the ermine. Mr. Wil liams, in getting his fellowship, very modestly acknow ledged that he achieved success over a competiter su perior to himself in general scholarship. That gentle man was obliged to struggle through life as he best might on the scanty pittance which a poor clergyman receives, while a more favourable fate awaited Mr. Wil liams ; but to his infinite honour be it recorded, that when professional success and considerable opulence re warded his labours, he generously remembered his ool lege rival ; and considering him hardly used by fortune, - allowed him an annuity in aid of the scanty income which that learned and estimable person derived from a small church living. It is understood that the annuity has been continued to his widow. Long after Mr. Williams quitted college, he devoted his time occasionally to classical studies, as the pages of the Edinburgh Review amply testify, for they contain articles written by him on the orations of Demosthenes, and on several Greek plays. Even still later in life his classical attainments attracted attention; and Lord Ten terden, a high authority on such subjects, as well as upon the laws of the land, pronounced Mr. Williams to be the best scholar throughout the whole profession. Sir John Williams was called to the bar in the year 1804, and although he did not rise to the highest rank of the profession, he still obtained a very respectable amount of business. Mr. Williams chose the northern as his circuit, and the Liberal party as his political friends. Both were bold steps; for the magnitude of the circuit rendered success more problematical in that quarter than in any other, while certainly no prudent man could in the early part of the present century see a prospect of silk gowns, or ermined robes, by connecting himself with Whigs, Liberals, and other adversaries of the Church, the State, and Lord Chancellor Eldon. Slowly, but securely, did Mr. Williams advance in the arduous profession of the law; accident never seemed to have procured for him a client, and accident never de prived him of one. It could not be said that he en joyed a first-rate business; but he scarcely ever lost a client, and though a man of ardent temperament his discretion in the conduct of a cause was pre-eminent. In proof of this, it may be stated that the late Sir John Bayley has been heard more than once to declare that if he were to be tried for his life he should desire to be defended by Mr. Williams. Even the present generation need scarcely be reminded that the proceedings against Queen Caroline formed by far the most important occa• sion upon which any lawyer has been employed during the present century. The Attorney-General of that Princess became Lord Chancellor, her Solicitor-General, Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench, two of her counsel, successively, Chief Justices of the Common Pleas, and a fourth one of the judges of the ecclesiastical courts. Amongst those eminent men Mr' Williams took a conspicuous part as one of her Majesty's advocates; and the almost unrivalled powers of cross-examination which he displayed upon that memorable occasion fully realised the expectations of his friends. His skill as a cross examiner was generally acknowledged by the profession, but it was not until after he had exercised . tha,t astonishing power upon the notorious Theodore Majoccs that the public at large became aware of his matchless "the talents Q • iuneetnittbriraant " as it was called, his clients ch of an advocate's duty. Soon became Soon after more numerous, and his name considerably mor e p u bli c . An opportunity for getting i nto Parliament presented itself in the year 1822, when he stood upon the Liberal interest for the city of Lincoln, and was returned. The most remarkable use which he made of his powers and privileges as a Member of Parliament was to co-operate with Mr. Michael Angelo Taylor in denouncing the abuses of the Court of Chancery; but it must be admitted that the share which he took in the delibera tions of the House of Commons did not very greatly add to the reputation which he had previonsly acquired; but upon the whole he made rather a favourable impressiJn on the House, and he certainly assisted in laying the foundation, or at least preparing the way, for several of the improvements which since that time have been effected in the Court of Chancery. A change of the Ministry at length procured for him that professional position to which he had for some years been fairly entitled. . He received a silk gown, and soon after the accession of NI IV Ma jesty,., her now Queen Dowager, appointed him her At torney-General. In February, 1834, he became one of the Barons of the Exchequer, and having sat in that court only one term was transferred to the Court of King's Bench, where he remained until the period of his lamented death. It is well known that Sir John Wil liams appeared to considerable advantage as a judge in criminal cases, and that he laboured unceasingly, in every case that came before him, to reconcile his strong sense of justice with, perhaps, his still stronger feelings of mercy. Although Sir John Williams had been for some weeks past indisposed, he was not thought to be in any imminent danger, and he had, we understand, been considered by his physicians as labouring under some affection of the liver. On Monday last, however, he complained of increased pain in the chest, and to the great regret of that very numerous circle of society who could appreciate his many estimable qualities, his valuable life was on that day brought to a close.— Times. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE.—His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales has been rated as midshipman on the ship's books of the Victoria and Albert. Should the naval precocity of his Royal Highness continue, it may be con fidently expected, that, in the year. 1850, he will have attained the rank of Admiral of the Very Blue; when, in the event of war with France, he will take the com mand of the English fleet against the French admiral, Prince Joinville.—Puncli. A WHALE CAUGHT IN THE THAMES.—Wednesday afternoon, considerable curiosity was excited at Dept.. ford-green, by the appearance of a large whale, which Thomas Wetherfield and some other Deptford watermen had caught in the Thames, between Blackwell and Greenwich. Th e crea t ure was u l t i ma t e ly placed in a shed at the rear of the Sir John Falstaff Tavern, Dept. ford-green. It measures twelve feet in length, the width of the tail being three feet. GRAVESEND AND ROCHESTER RAILWAY.---Traffic returns for the week ending Sept. 14th:--Passengers, 22,965; amount received, b 521. Bs. id. £4lO 0 0 Dr. Carpenter's Report on Microscopic Structure of Shells, &c., to be illustrated by plates, not exceeding twenty in number. There were several recommendations to individual members to continue their researches in various branches of science on which reports had been presented at the present meeting. The only recommendations in the third class were two applications to the Government. One was for a publication of the meteorological observa tions kept by the officers engaged in the Ordnance sur vey of Ireland, kept at Mountjoy and the Pigeon House forts, and the other was for an accurate survey of the parallel roads at Glenray, in the north of Scotland. Professor Willis, the president of the mechanical sec tion, brought forward a recommendation that that sec tion might be reunited to the mathematical and physical section, the whole to be called '° The Section on Mathema tical, Physical, and Mechanical Science." The arrange ment was considered advisable, in consequence of the necessity of the same members attending both in most cases. The inconvenience formerly found to exist was proposed to be remedied by the appointment of a com mittee to investigate models in which the professors of physical science could feel no interest. The question will come under the consideration of the committee next session. The secretaries and officers of the council were then re-appointed, and Professor Ansted, Professor Willis, and Major Shadwell Clarke requested to act as auditors. This being the last business meeting of the associa tion, the general committee was declared to stand ad journed until the 23d of June next, at Oxford. There will be an evening meeting to-night, and the members of the association are invited to inspect the ships and fortifications at Portsmouth to-morrow, the foreigners and officers of the council being all invited to a dejcuner at the residence of the Admiral of the port. Another, but very slight, shock of earthquake was experienced at Pisa on the Ist inst. EXTENSION OF THE GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY TO CHELTENHAM—We understand that the completion of this railway from Gloucester to Cheltenham, on the broad gauge, will be immediately proceeded with, and will be finished as soon as possible. The completion of the line will effect a considerable saving in time to the passenger, and will, in some measure, lessen the real or imaginary inconveniences produced by the break of gauge at Gloucester. The completion of the line will occupy a very short space of time, and the journey be tween Paddington and Cheltenham, according to the present rate of travelling, will be performed in four hours and a half, and by the express trains in three hours. The portion of the railway between Gloucester and Cheltenham will be laid on the Birmingham and. Gloucester line, in accordance with the stipulations en tered into by both companies, and finally resolved by Act of Parliament. D. W. lIARVEY, Chairman. EWCASTLE and BERWICK RAILWAY. t o li t TO THE EDITOR OF THE EVENING SUN. Advertailing observed in the Morning Chronicle of the 14th inst. lt,;PanY, to rn"t , convening a Meeting of the Proprietors of this 44,v_in the 67 tw held in the Directors' Room, at the Railway Sta um, of York, on the 30th inst., for the purpose of Y amalgamation, on equal terms, with the North Netre!, A `fe a rk and Newcastle Railways, I beg to inform you olt e ,,,,.._ .u vertisement was wholly unauthorised ; and that my "ucreto is a forgery. am vour obedi,p tltri t lm servant Chairman of the Newcastle and Berwick Railway Company. % .__September 15, 1846. -, .....zi.emuer ID, 1040. IRLSII MIDLAND RAILWAY. 14 4 0 , 1 , At a public Meeting of Shareholders, held at the City of kiNi l ,.: 4 ,, v eril, this 17th day of September; 1846, it was 044 ',---That the report and the accounts now produced be nfti c a _nd circulated amongst the parties present, and be kept at 44 dot"til)ef the Company tbr such Shareholders as may there in tlkgoTpsecinty Mr. MAUBEBT and seconded by Mr. Arriuboz, Wiiid up the the Directors be requested to continue their labours , A the affairs of this Company. 1 1 41 011, (Signed) HEREFORD, Chairman. cl: tt .ll.That the thanks of this Meeting be given to the Right 14 lEiutit Hereford, for his candid, honourable, and open con \, " chair. 11,...gned) THOMAS PRITCHARD, Secretary. ' OA 614