The Sun. — London, England, 1846-03-10 00:00:00

the h a t Hon. B aronet f or t h e d eta il s i n t o w hi c h h e — "entered, ktr, -ARIMELL was rure that nobody who had ot. his Hon. Friend the Member for Somersetshire al let it tl e 3 ), but must feel that he was perfectly sincere i sn e declared, in the strongest and most emphatic p eo g p l l e ag o e it t , hat he sympathised with the sufferings of the eine e that part of the United Kingdom, whose prin *aTtis°°tl „ was the potato.—(Hear, hear.) Now, what re a d s psition which te questioa? His Hon. Friend had tatensents were exceedingly exaggerated ; it "IS untrue that 87,000,000 quarters of corn could be Porti "d America. It was admi.ted that a very large er a . °n of the people of Ireland depend upon the potato ts a I their on l y means of sustentat i on; now , if th e y -seal b la t h er 3' any proce e di ng o f th e irs produce a taste for a e deseription of food among that people, and intro titesihabitsof indu s t which would be calculated to make on o ( pie to live upon that food, they would be effecting i kg i o the most practical measures of reform, of any age. gr eet, b 4i n would be able to assist them but little, but it th e th baton that an affliction of Providence produced eos s - , °s t beneficial effects. They should, therefore, take andolation that there would be such a result in Ireland, hio le t hat the famine would produce a demand for a had .r land food.—(Hear, hear.) The Noble Lord p;twintroduced into the House some specimens of the Qaco e ' ° d• g r °wn by a Mr. Chapman, which were of . an take s rin:tly healthy nature, though they were slips had „,'rom unhealthy plants. He (the Hon. Member) se s ,„"atie Personal inquiries, all of which confirmed . the f ore 'l,ntti received by other Hon. Gentlemen and laid be 4ra La ti t l l°ose ; and he therefore believed that the in °Pies°,,sti°ll of Government at the present moment was man -tine- He a l so believed that, before the lapse of i Y Yea t rs, the potato would recede from the position °rai ns a t present as an article of staple food, toits Le a " -r 7 level as a vegetable, which he believed would did blessin: to the people of Ireland.—(tea 4 id ter a few words from - Mr. NEWDEGATE, which set reach the gallery, ras a ' slimtmAisr CRAWFORD said, there were 0 14 'easuns than one why it was absolutely necessary Yid,, ti re are than a temporary aftliznion should be pro tlpri In the first place, to his knowledge, di se j the last ten or twelve years, there • had been b E p °r in the p o t a t o cro p i n var i o us forms. In the year roast the the last, th e di sease a ppeared in the corn ; but as ga t ; `: 4l the p o t ato cro p, b e bad every reason to fear Pro t ',Z o ll:d not be removed speedily.—(Hear, bear.) that, •;"ese and tither reasons, he was inclined to think th e b l e ' Possible, other measures should be adopted for thati,eent of th e p eo pl e o f that country. He thought th e greatest blessing to Ireland would be to lead the e rot a P , l - that country not to depend alone upon the . to 1 1) for food. It would, indeed, be a great blessing alo e if if they could get cheap food.— ho e , - ; 1 ,') The people of this ',country wondered lleos °s e in Ireland lived at all. To enatale the Irish ,tto s 's., l ` to live they must be furnished with plenty of 1 1,a1, 1 3 toent. He should be glad to find the one shil. 4 41 t s' b utY taken off the Indian corn.—(Hear, hear.) e i,". e ,,Rouse imagine . how a man and his wife and it 1 ,, uadrea were to provide food, when for that family Its t . : l4l red five bushels of potatoes at three pence a loco Tr loco - seUME hoped that Indian corn would be brought pee l e °ropetitio n w ith. w heat, as it would enable the tout d e to obtain good and wholesome food, when wheat *hill: not be o bt a i ne d. He, therefore, hoped that the 0 0 n i g duty e ven wou ld be abolished. Ro od %el SIBTHORP wished to know if he had under th the Hon. Member for Rochdale rightly, in saying 4a t ke wages of the Irish labourer were as low as wa s . per week. If that were the case, all he could iay hF3itthe Lord have mercy upon them. He had nu kantion swing that they were an excellent people. i:/ r ,, i c w a good deal about them. He had been exposed r 'acl e ,: s ao(l, and yet he had never wituessod in the, ow n e of the Irish anything but kindheartedness . a q if th Y• He did not wonder at their being discontented, ese v ,„F' r wages were only 2s. 4d. per week. Ile was was 'aced more than ever that the proposed measure si ll 'ere trash, an d u tt er ly worthless. Li s s r ' SLIARMAN CRAWFORD observed that for lip Part he would very gladly see the duty of one shil iirr quarter rem oved. 4 44 e Earl of MARCH said that the Hon. Member to ~,e ta fed that considerable disease existed in the pots 13ilit.°P of Scotland, and that there was every probe ll,s t.of the disease becoming as extensive as it was in that ..itcrl States. He (Lord March) felt bound to say Pe). had received letters only that morning from . go , state s residing .in Morayshire and Ayrshire, which . ka d t• hat the disease did not exist in those counties, tit u t t uat there was every prospect of a good and plan ers, Si r P. tilts ARTHUR BitOOKE observed that the general tO i„'r wages in th e nor th o f Ireland averaged from 10 d. bte n roil sometimes to ls. Bd. per day. A considerable ,000 t 1. ,. of the landed proprietors, with incomes from °r Igo a 9 ,000/. a-year, furnished employment to 100 fono tast -a °Purer s th roug hout the year. If the same o fhalf th wages was paid in Ireland as in England, ?ttra l ;' Jabou rers wou ld be thrown out of employ her 1 11 Portion of the year. He was bound to thank *hi e O e s,tY's Ministers, and others, for the great anxiety 111 „ re s a t `_eY had manifested to guard against the tots'etifitiethatfatnine in Ireland ; but, at the same time, he unless measures were taken to introduce the a a nt employment among the labouring classes, of 4:would not be much benefited by the bringing in 'et s , e , 4 1 ) food. He (Sir A. Brooke) had seen, during log 4, Years, the usual food of the Irish people sold as. tli sr ,, a k s 1 0s. per quarter, during which period never had eo 4 ueell known so much starvation and distress in the 4 to i r i• And why ? Because the farmers, who held ths aj a - s l t rizs. averaging from 20 to 30 acres, finding that ,Ivsp,;""ce of their produce was reduced in the market, 4 04 1 . - " er e °o3pelled to diminish the number of their la *oaht s• He did hope that her Majesty's Government . l'lse i s take into consideration the means of devising a to th u,Y which constant employment might be secured wool labourer. As to railroads, he considered that they td s °e productive of great misfortunes, and more evils 1 1 ; ( ''and than any other evil which he could conceive. ra i l, Present condition of Ireland was not adapted to e " t aia the number of railroads that were intended to try vvqnstructed and carried on. The traffic in the coun 5 , 1 11 / 4,, 55 comparatively small. The duty of furnishing Riadment to the labourer rested first of all with the Proprietors of Ireland. They should put their ado dots to the wheel and use their most energetic th e 4-ours to supply food and employment for illei t w retch e d and unfortunate people. The resident teSe °ll , 3 would be willing, he was sure, when the exi tltef's 'oould arrive, to provide for the poor on their own Th,,' S ' The landlords were dividable into three classes. lisi; e were the absentees, the middlemen, and, lastly, the If the Government want to see Ireland pros ,Tri'.-s,,,and happy, they must deal first of all with these s '',at t ' s 'asses. The only way in which he could suggest ntie " a aiee three classes should be dealt with, was to 74 e , `ueln in the power of the poor-law guardians, who, „,`Piot . eases of distress and famine happened in their dis co "ould possess authority to levy extra poor-rates, by the landlords, the absentees, and middle ee'v W hen he made use of the term absentees, be did 'at kt z'sh. to include all who did not reside on their ken' s . There were several noble exceptions, in such e nd t a s b the Earl Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, L 'lte • °- "„ s e re, who, although not living in Ireland, mani iAse4," greatest care to see that the comforts of their Z t qs,,; s were properly attended to. He/(Sir A. Brooke) L 4 4 L ' er, knew of some proprietors who had never seen rri c , d -aants, a n d who bad not visited their estates for a 30 years, and the consequence was , that the tp time landlord was obliged to provide , f or the peopl e of difficulty and distress. Without employ • : is " was his firm conviction that it would be useless as„, o 3uce cheap food into the country. N 8 .,:, -- eOULETT SCROPE thought that the poor of % , - k 4 should have the right of relief from the district 1; 4 4t ' h te ll they were attached. It had been mentioned ; L it i t e re Was at present an abundance of food in Ireland, ' 4 l)iei,,'"Jalid be borne in mind, that that food was e l N'y "tog carried out of the country. It would be '4l)4%irable that an additional supply should be ob ,ea",„!rorn America ; he considered, however, that the 'los . '" of Ireland should be allowed to be fully des arty °f exhausted before they applied to the gene tltleo! (1 , 1 England, or had recourse to the superabund- N e l America. He trusted that the wants of the I ' 4 tS e e ,C Ireland should be supplied from the resources oi3trict where the distress should exist, and he to t , s ,a, that her Majesty's Government would keep . that tho t , l4 ,erati on in mind in dealing with the question. He k'ts,"" i t that the bounty of England might be repaid in s ' t ,",pe by the levying of district taxes. 7q I' thought it was extremely desirable that is as e e of food should be reduced to so low an amount 1 - tri if - Possibl e . Th e y had he a rd that wages were so 1 ,,4, - t( t ) h at it was impossible for the best-disposed land s e el. , , P h a his labourers more than five shillings a was additional reason why the price of food „41 lae redu ce d. Some inquiries had been made at an I n of the evening for information , respecting L 3I "ti corn, which it had been proposed to bring in. (- tt t e a .l e stY's Government had introduced a measure to ~4to/T : 11a Indian corn, of which there was a large supply. Zl . t ac t 'a: Member for Somersetshire had supplied him 0, 1 ; 4 ) with all necessary statements as to the Ind i an had proved that it was an excellent article of 1 ,The only difference between them was that the :; I tts, e alber thought that Indian corn, being an excel s":llelele of food, ought to be kept out . of the country, t e (Mr. Escott) was of . opinion that Indian A b , be ing e an excellent article of food, ought elre et into the country.—(Hear, and cheers.) 'al I lltan a 1 e time back, the par 4se ar s occurrei som „°f which came under his own personal know ker, 4 4ti„"` - ' which he would state to the House. A large 11 , 13 et 3 ,i 7 °f Indian corn had been brought into port in i s 44 k rit rY, but owing to the severity of the duty, it t„'ltl" e , v ented from being landed. The consequence 0 0 4" the whole of the corn was transhipped, taken alOie n 44ll, tnd us e d i n t ee di n g Dutch cattle instead of ta 9-4 ral tia would ask, what is the state of the agri i),,Paly a r bourer at t hi s momen t w ith res pect to the only ttek e 4 °L a nimal food, which he ever, by any chance o ttl,q te n r V i z , bacon and pork ? Why, in nine cases tbaoals t w here the agricultural labourer is respectable f s ' Pit is kit keep a pig, one half of it is pawned before it w . in order to supply the labourer and his le„,Wsala wi t c aromon necessaries. Now, what a blessing s ot af l if every agricultural labourer could keep for th at Pig, or even two. He (Mr. Escott) knew of h . Im, at would tend more to exalt the condition of tattered rin th g poor than a plentiful supply of food. He tkitte the "at the extension of trade and commerce would „foldarket for agricultural produce to . an extent e ▪ e t e grai n P Y repay any imaginary reduction in the •Year • What was it that had, during the pre- N I " the given an imp u lse to agriculture, and partially b COAd' • axon of the agricultural labourer ? It the oy ttieri ribed to no other cause than the increase of tai t ,,ea s u , t , which had taken place in consequence of a/hp,pitieeaotation in productive duties, which had i llra e f t ; had ge l ...ew years ago. It was this relaxation tt p 44 tere st "a degree of prosperity to the agricul ll4Alinleh it had never previously experienced. was of opinion that the Government E SU.ti,_LONDON, TUESDAY EVENIN6, ivi'A c n 10, 1846. should take some measures to prevent the exportation of potatoes for such a period as might seem proper. He was aware of some experiments which had been math by a gardener, tie result of which was that the young potatoes produced from good seed gave indications of the rot. With respect to the famine in Ireland, the same doubt seemed to prevail on the other side of the House as to its extent. tie had no hesitation in affirming that it was as great as the Hon. Baronet had pictured to the House, and he therefore gave the Government great credit for their introduction - of these measures. Mr. P. HOWARD considered that the Legislature should be much indebted to the Member for Winches ter, for having directed attention to the advantages which would be conferred upon the population of th' country by the introduction of Indian corn. He found that Father Mathew had also approved of it as an arti cle of food for the people of Ireland. It was very exten• sively used in Italy, and especially in Tuscany. The peasantry of which were 'the best fed and most com fortably clothed in' Europe, as to the palatable nature of the food, very much would depend upon the manner or its preparation for use ; it would require extreme billing. He considered Indian corn next to wheat, and he begged leave to differ with the First Lord of the Treasury, who termed oats as a nobler kind of grain. Mr. FITZGERALD begged to state that the deficice payment of the labourer in Ireland did not arise from a want of good will on the part of fly: landlord, but from the number of people out of employment. He considered that railways in Ireland would be of vast and almost permanent advantage in removing this evil, and he felt no doubt that the country would be most grateful for any benefits bestowed upon them. He did not consider that it would be fair that the whole burden of relieving the poor of their districts should be cast upon the land lords of the absentee estates—as it had been suggested by an Hon. Member—but he did consider that the) ought to be made to pay their just proportion, and le. f It that this visitation of Providence would be the Means of restoring the Irish people to their proper position. Mr. P. S. BUTLER said that there were very feet laboar era in the south of Ireland who got less than from ss. to 63. per week, and in the summer time a littb more. Whenever, however. the labourer expended hi: means he fell into the hands of country usurer; to whose terms he was obliged to accede. One great advantage which would arise from the present reduction in the price of grain would be that the labourer would be taken our of the hands of those extortioners. Under these circum stances he never had greater pleasure than he had ir supporting the Right Hon. Baronet's measure. Mr. J. A. REID hoped the House would bring this measure to a close as speedily as possible. He knew that ere long Hon. Members who had hitherto opposed the alteration would see that their, opposition to it had been unnecessary, and would find that the greatest ad vantages would be conferred by it on the country. Mr. LABOUCHERE was of opinion that with regard to the introduction of Indian corn into Ireland, it would afford considerable assistance to the people of that country, living as they were at present on the potato. It would greatly raise and improve their phy sical condition. If they could obtain a better food at a cheaper rate than they now bad, he had no doubt they would adopt it. The use of Indian corn would not have the effect of throwing wheat out of use, for in part of the United States which he had visited such a result did not follow. With respect to the importation of Indian corn by the Government for the use of the people of Ireland, he thought it should be carried into effect as soon as possible. Had Government purchased corn some time ago, they would not now be put to such straits in procuring a supply of Indian corn. He trusted, how ever, that an impression would not go abroad that Go vernment might be always looked up to in cases of such emergency ; for Burke, with whom he agreed, had, in hi, " Thoughts on Scarcity," pointed out the evil of such dependence. He hoped that no unnecessary delay would take place in passing these resolutions, and he should hold himnelf inexcusable for detaining the House on the subject, believing, as he did, that a prolongation of this agitation would cause the greatest injury to the monetary, manufacturing and agricultural classes. He was very glad to see that the Government had taker, the bold course they had done, and he would support them in carrying it out. After a few words from Mr. FINCH, Lord G. BENTINCK gave a detail of several experi ments which had been made by Mr. Reese, of Piccadilly, and others, upon decayed potatoes, cue of which was very successful in producing vegetation. That experi ment was made with magnesia mixed with quick lime ; and he mentioned the circumstance that it might be generally known throughout the country. The resolutions were then agreed to, the report wes ordered to be brought up, and Bills founded upon it in troduced. The House then went into Committee upon the CUSTOMS (TARIFF). Sir R. PEEL, in answer to Lord G. Bentinck, said, that with respect to brandy and silk, it would be better to have the discussion on the resolutions. Lord G. BENTINCK said, that a great many gen tiemen were then out of town, who were ready to sup port the amendments. Mr. MILES thought it better the discussion should take place on the report. Sir R. PEEL thought it would be found more bene ficial to take the discussion on that evening, suspending a few of the main articles till Monday next. Lord JOHN RUSSELL was of opinion that it would be more advisable for the debate to take place as soon as possible, and that it would be better it should be on the vote of supply. Sir R. PEEL—The discussion could be taken on that night, as far as the supply was concerned, and with regard to other articles the discussion could take place on Friday next. Mr. AG LIONBY feared that the arrangement of the Hon. Member would interfere with the motion of a Noble Friend of his, who bad a motion for Friday, with respect to the invention by Capt. Warner. Sir It. PEEL could see no inconvenience in the ar rangement. He had offered his Noble Friend to pro duce all the correspondence that had taken place between Capt. Warner and himself, and therefore no suspense could take place on the subject. Mr. E WART said he had to move that all duty on foreign books should cease. He thought that foreign classical books ought to be admitted at the same duty as foreign paper, namely, 14s. the hundred weight. The duty before 1821 was 4/ the hundred weight, but it was now en some books reduced to 2/. 10e., and on others it amounted to 51. There were books printed in the latia language, which ought not to be kept out by this duty. This was a great commercial grievance, and many booksellers complained of it as almost amounting to a prohibition of such works. Apart from that, he (Mr. Evart) viewed this duty as entailing a great commercial evil. He was sure that the people of this country were pleased at the friendly communication which at msent existed between this and foreign countries, and it ought not to be lessened by a duty upon the literature of the Continent. He saw a few days ago the works of Schiller sold for twenty-four shillings, which, had there been no duty, would have been purchased for seventeen shillings. School books printed in Germany were much cheaper than they could be produced in this country, and such of them that came to England would be charged an immense price. He eas now speaking of books in the German language. Books there of the classics, Greek and Latin, were also exceedingly cheap ; for instance Euripides, and such works as that, were sold to the trade at 2s. 3d. in Germany, and retailed at 3e. Now he should like to know why Oxford and Cambridge should not enjoy the same advantages in this way as the German Colleges. There could be no doubt but that Derdrof's German Edition of the Greek Grammar were the very best that could be used at schools, but for the use of the country, it was obliged to lee reprinted at Ox ford. On those grounds he would contend for it, that the duty upon foreign books, imported into this country. was enormous and disproportioned, and he was at a loss to know why it should be so, or why his motion should be opposed. He would now conclude by condensing his proposition into these few and simple words, namely, that foreign books, printed in a foreign language, and in a foreign country, should be admitted into England duty free, because they could not come into competition with English books, nor would English books come into com petition with them Sir GEORGE CLERK said, that there could be no doubt but that it would be desirable that the lion. Mem ber's motion should be carried. The whole sum re ceived by Government in the shape of duty on foreign books did not amount to more than 10,000/, and as thi: sum was so trifling it could scarcely be felt as a tax, while at the same time he was ready to admit that it would be very desirable that the country should inter change its literature with that of other countries upon liberal terms. But at the same time it should be re. membered that it would be only fair that books printed in this country should be guarded from piracy in France, and that French works should have a like protection in this country. The Right Hon. Baronet then read a clause from the 7th and Bth Victoria, cap. 73, which was called the International Copyright Act, and the effect of which was to protect the works of English authors in the manner he had above described. He then went on to say, that at present the amount of duty in question was not more than equal to the excise duty upon paper. There was now pending an arrangement by which works published in Prussia and France would be admitted into this country upon very liberal terms, and therefore he would suggest to the Hon. Member, not to press hie motion until the arrangement came into effect. Mr. FORSTER said he could not conceive what the question of copyright had to do with the present one. There was no German press in the country, and there fore he could not conceive why the German students in Eueland should be deprived of books in their language by keeping up to e high price. Mr. CIIARLES BULLER said he could not at all conceive why the question of international c , pyright should be mixed up with the one now before the House. It was quite fair that as the French Government pro hibited the works of English authors from piracy in France, that England should protect in like manner the works of French authors in this country. But he con. ceived that had nothing to do with the question of the ad. mission of foreiAn books printed in a foreign country and in a foreign language being admitted duty free. H, should say that the tax on foreign books coming into this country was an exceedingly heavy one indeed, and thus the poorer classes of foreigners resident in England were deprived of the means of carrying on their studies. Many of the small states of Germany printed an im mense number of books, which it would be very desir able to have admitted into this country at a low rate of duty. Mr. DISRAELI said, he could not see why the question of copyright should have been mentioned dur ing the discussion. He would like to know whether the tax derived from this source was a duty or revenue; and if an inquiry were to be made into the subject, he would ask was it thought that the result would justify the Government in continuing it? He was not aware of the fact that a similar duty was charged' upon English books going to Franco and Germany ; but he rather thought there was no such duty imposed. But the in- troduetion of the question of copyright into the debate led liirh to believe that those who had done so bad -not given the question. mature considera tion. —(Hear, hoar.) lie should like to know what' arguments could be adduced in favour of the continuance of this duty? ' The abolition of it did not involve UR interferenCe with any branch of native in dustry,-and therefore he would 'look upon any argument in fav ur of it as really a curiosity of literature. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER was very happy to hear that the Honourable Member who had just sat down, had in this instance not adhered to his support of reciprocity treaties. Mr. DISRAELI said he was always ready to defend the principle of reciprocity, but again he would repeat that he could not see why the question of international copywright should have been introduced into this dis cussion. Mr. BORTHWICK understood that the revenue to be derived from the duty, would not exceed 10,000/. a year. Now, he wished to know if it was fair to tax the addition of knowledge, because contributed by wher countries?— (Hear, hear.) Could the addition of 10,000/. a-year to the Exchequer be put in comparison with the amount of ben3fit likely to be conferred on the public by :he fair and free admission of foreign literature?—(Hear, hear.) It appeared to him (Mr. Borthwick) that the question was distinct from copyright, and that it was simply this—whether, for the sake of 10.0001 a-5 ear they would admit or refuse that amount of knowledge which ertainly should be derived from the free admission of fo reign literature.—(Hear, hear.) Sir G. CLERKE said it was desirable for the cause of literature that this country should secure for its authors the copyright of their works.—(llear.) In this conn ,:ry it was not the custom to publish piratical editions of .he works of any author, and if such a principle were adopted generally, he thought it would be much to the good of the authors of Prussia and Germany. Mr. HOSE said that nothing could b 3 more fair or lust than the observations made by the Right Hon. ;entleman, and no Gentleman in the House had a !Teeter wish to see piratical publications put an end to than he had ; nevertheless he should support, on a divi sion, the motion of the Hon. Gentleman. Mr. HAWES made a few observations, which did ,tot reach the gallery. Mr. CARDWELL was of opinion that it was per • 7 ectly true that the duty on books and the question of copyright were separate and distinct ones. Yet, owing - o the number of English travellers in foreign countries, he thought it only right that there should be a fair ex 'hange of literature. Mr. AGLIONBY had come to the conclusion, that t was right and desireable for what he called the !onsumer, who wished fur foreign literature, that he ;timid have the opportunity of indulging his taste ; and .hould the question go to a division, he decidedly ,hould vote with the Hon, Member for Dumfries. Mr. DISRAELI thought that nothing could be nore just than that the English author should have a egitimate protection in his own country for the produc ion of his own mind, the same as Hon. gentlemen en ;dyed in the case of their own estates.—(Hear, hear.) i gow, in his opinion, the author was entitled to the en ;oyment of such as fairly as the man who built a house tr planted a wood. All the English author required vas a fair protection ; and for the remainder, he relied to the good taste and sympathy of his fellow-country nen. Now he looked on it that the great question was ;his—should the great body of the English nation be revented from receiving at a moderate rate the works )f foreign authors ?—(Hear, hear.) He (Mr. Disraeli) lid not think the question of copyright could be mixed with the matter at all.—(Hear, hear.) The question vas this, were the people of England to be allowed to receive the works of foreign authors duty free, or were :hey not ?—(Hear, hear.) To meet that question, there tad been a rigmarole Act of l'arliament brought for ward—an Act repugnant to common sense and justice. —([fear, hear)—and he should say that he would feel iimself bound, as he doubted not every Hon. Gentleman vho had the welfare of literature at heart would, in giving his opposition to the Ministerial Gentlemen. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said ',hat it might be remarked, with respect to the duty OR brefgn books, that it only produced 10,0001. per annum, )ut if the 'louse would consider the amount of duty levied, it would see that it had been brought to the owest possible point to which it was possible to carry it. Dr. BOWRING said that it would be better for the .. , ,nglish nation to attend to their own interest than to that of foreign countries. It was certainly desirable hat we should get our foreign books in the cheapest Lnd best forms. Mr. WODEHOUSE said that he would advise his 'Hood not to divide upon this question. He admitted ;he principle upon whiCh the motion was founded, but he lid not think that a very small duty would give any very great discouragement to the introduction of foreign looks into this country, as it was almost exclusively the richest class of persons that purchased them. Mr. CURTIS said that he entirely concurred in the pinion given by the Hon. Member who had just sat town. If he were in the place of the Right Hon. Baronet tnd failed in thin question, he would throw up the whole ;oncern sooner than bo hsrrassed by such ♦exatious di visions as had been proposed. Sir R. PEEL said that there were certainly many lifficulties in the introduction of such a measure as he lad introduced. but he could not throw it up so easily. Che Ron. Member might depend on it that he would be very little influenced by this decision. It was no small liffieulty that could induce him to relax his exertions bring this question to an issue, as that was the nain object at present. At the same time, be did lope that no gentleman who concurred in the general minciple of the policy pursued by the Government, vould wish to see this measure carried. Amongst 300 irticles mentioned in the tariff, many persons would be if opinion that in one ewe too much was done, and that n another case too little had been done ; but if they ap proved of the whole comprehensively, be did hope that arguments adduced in favor of one particular article imongst the 300, would not be attended to so much al the measure on the whole. The consideration of revenue was important, but at the same time the measures he would propose in the course of the present Session would roost materially reduce the revenue. The duty on butter tnd cheese alone produced 300,0001. per year, and in mch cases as that it was impossible to avoid all conside rationsof revenue before any interference was made with the duty, and the statement that the duty on the article ally yielded 10,000/. per year, was no reason why that should be remitted. With regard to literature, the case was different, but he was at present unable to entertain my proposition, as there were treaties pending with France on this subject, but there was no inclination to make any concession with regard to our works. He did not wish the concession to be all on one side, but he had not as yet been enabled to gain the double advantage .)f reciprocal concession. The Hon. Gentleman who ob jected to the proposal did not surely wish the duty on books should cease, for if a German grammar were printed in England, the English production would be :fable to an excise duty of 155., while the foreigner could bring in his work without paying anything. Mr. EWART said they could not come in com etition. Sir R. PEEL said that in England, if a man were to publish a work he would be liable to the excise duty, while - the foreigner could produce the same work without any such burden. If an Englishman published a work in a foreign language in this country, he would be liable to the excise duty ; but under the measure pro posed by the Hon. Gentleman, the foreigner would be able to compete with him. He had, however, the proba bility of effecting a reduction of the kind proposed on a more beneficial scale, and he did hope the House would take that into consideration, and not give any opinion on this measure. Mr. GISBORNE said that his lion. Friend, de served great credit for the way in which he had brought forward this question. He had brought the matter under the attention of the House, and he should he satisfied with th© great success which he had obtained without pressing for a division. Mr. WYSE said he could not agree with the Right . Hon. Baronet on this question, as the case before the House was a very peculiar one. So far from allowing a tax on foreign works, he thought it was the duty of the House to give every inducement for their introduction into this country. He was sure, however, that sufficient had already been done to bring this measure under the attention of the Government. He therefore hoped that his Hon. Friend would withdraw his motion. Mr. EWART said that he had not been fairly dealt with on this subject. If the Right Hon. Baronet said he would at once take the subject into his consideration, and look to the reduction of this duty, instead of making himself dependent on treaties, he (Mr. Ewart) would feel satisfied that the Right Hon. Baronet had said that the whole subject should be taken into consideration. He had taken the whole subject into consideration, and the result of the investigation was, that he felt it his duty to bring forward this motion. Now, however, that this question must come under the consideration of the Government. he would consent to postpone his measure. Mr. DISRAELI said that her Majesty's Government were aware that they would have never been in a mino rity until the great and comprehensive question was tried. This was more the question of private discussion than national interest, therefore this sort of guerilla practice could have little effect on the ultimate settle ment of the question, After a few words from Colonel SIBTHORP the amendment was withdrawn, and the resolution agreed to. That portion of the schedule respecting foreign butter and cheese, after a few remarks from Messrs. EWART and Hume, complaining of the present mode of landing, and suggesting the consideration of some improvement in this respect, was also agreed to. On that portion of the tariff respecting the duty to be imposed on copper ore being read from the Chair, Mr. TRELAWNEY remarked that the duty now proposed on this article would operate injuriously to those engaged in this branch of mining. Sir ROBERT PEEL replied that the proposition on this subject now submitted had been under consideration since 1842, and was made without any reference to individual interests. Mr. PARKER thought that, as the revenue raised from this article was very triflin g , it ought to be aban doned. He hoped that at some future period it would come under the general principle, which the Government was making with respect to other foreign articles. Mr. SPOONER said he presented a petition the other evening on this subject, from parties engaged in several branches of trade in Birmingham. They considered they would be most seriously affected if the present reso lution was carried into effect. This and the other articles in the schedule, up to that of foreign fruit, were then agreed to. On the latter article being read, Mr. COLLETT asked why the Right lion. Baronet had excluded salmon from the present tariff? The pre sent rata of 10s. was very high. Sir R. PEEL said, that a considerable reduction was made in this article in 1842 ; the proposing of which had occasioned great alarm in the Highlands of Scot land. Though on this, as on other alterations then made, the fears had turned out to have been groundless; still, under existing circumstances, he did not consider it advisable to make any further reduction. Mr. P. SCROPE complained of the duty on foreign fruits, especially currants, figs, oranges, and lemons ; they were articles consumed by the poor, and essential to the health. Though th e d u ty on these articles in 1844 produced upwards of 300,0001., still he thought some reduction should be made, as in some instances it was 1001. per cent. The Right Hon. Baronet reduced the•duty on preserved fruits in 1842. It was, therefore, inconsistent to impose a light duty on this kind of fruit and a heavy one on the other. The duty ought to be placed on a sound and uniform footing. Sir R. PEEL replied that he could defend the duty on no other ground than that it was required for revenue purposes, and brought in a considerable sum. Tho several articles in the schedule, up to that of hops, were then agreed to. Mr. CURTEIS complained, in the name of the hop growers, of the great reduction which was made in their amount of protection, while it was not met with a cor responding. reduction in the excise duties. They con sidered it but fair that if half the dnty on hops was done away with, the excise duty should be reduced in ar. equal proportion. It bad been stated that he (Mr. Curteis) had said that the hop-planters in 'the county of Kent were anxious to get rid of all excise duties and all protection. What he had said was, that they were will ing to forego protection duties if they got rid of the excise duties. He was quite aware that it would be useless for him to move an amendment to the effect that a taxation should be made to the home-grower, equal in proportion to that which the Right lion. Baronet in tended to take off the foreign planter, but at least he thought that the claim he bad advanced for the hop growers of this country should meet the Right Hon. Baronet's best attention. Sir R. PEEL said that an unreasonable apprehension seemed to pervade the minds of the Hon. Member and the gentlemen he represented.. It was his (Sir R. Peel's) desire to redeem the excise duties as far as might be, and if it were possible to reduce the duty on hops to one-half he should certainly have done so. It was in tended to give the home-growers a protection duty of 21. ss. per cwt., and he was certain therefore that they did not require to press for a reduction of the Excise duties to enable them to compete with the foreign hop planter. The arguments advanced by the Hon. Mem ber had been stated fully, and as fully answered, on the proposition to reduce the protective duties from 81. 10s. to 41. 10s. Where were the foreign hops to come from? Some had been imported from America, but they were of so inferior a description that they could not for a mo ment be admitted into the market against British hops. There were some grown in Bavaria and Bohemia, and he believed also in some of the central portions of Ger many, but the expense of cultivation in those countries equalled their own. The climate was not more favour able. They had the expenses of land carriage and the transit by sea, and he did not therefore see that any alarm ought 'to exist in the minds of the home growers. • _ _ An HON. MEMBER recommended that one-half of the duty should be taken off the home and placed upon the foreizn grower. This item was then agreed to. The separate articles in the schedule up to foreign spirits were then agre, , cl to without discussion. Dr. BOWRING said that every body knew that in the south of France a response had been given to the proposals of the English Government, altogether of the most encouraging character. He had no doubt that these proposals would cause very great and important changes to take place in the legislation of France. He would therefore suggest to the Right Hon. Baronet the pro priety of reducing the duty on French wines. A duty of ss. 6d. a gallon on French wines was quite enor mous. In the south of France good wine could be be obtained for 4d. or sd. a bottle. He thought that 2s. 6d. a gallon of duty would be ample, and he believed that the revenue would be augmented by the reduction. Although the population had so largely increased, yet the consumption of wine iu•this country was not greater than it was in the time of Charles I. Col. SIBTHORP hoped that if the Hon. Member succeeded in introducing French wines at a lower duty, he would not propose the introduction of French women, as he (Cel. Sibthorp) was too much of a John Bull for that.—(Laughter, and cries of" Order.") Sir R. PEEL said that a reduction in the wine duties would cause a reduction in the malt-tax. It must be recollected that the wine duties amounted to two millions annually, and some limit must be put to the reductions. They had already made very large experi ments, and they should be cautious how they proceeded further. He was glad to say that the principles of in terchange were progressing in France, and he did hope that the time was not far distant when they would prevail. Lord J. RUSSELL said that when the questibn of the corn-laws was discussed in 1815, Lord Grenville made his memorable speech, and entered his memorable pro test against the propozitions then submitted. Lord Grey said on that occasion that if the manufacturer was to have his corn cheap, the farmer ought to have his coat cheap. Lord Grenville in reply to that said that was quite reasonab'e. He was against all protection. It was now proposed to lay a duty of 10 per cent. on a great number of manufactured articles. Now he had no objection to that duty continuing during the time the Corn Bill was to last. But when 1849 arrived, when the nominal duty was to be established on corn, he could not see why the 10 per cent. should he maintained. He could understand Gentlemen who supported protection advocating the continuance of this duty, but with respect to the Right Hon. th-ntleman, he was at a loss to know how he could ' advocate the continuance of such a duty. Sir R. PEEL spoke a few words in reply to the Noble I,,rd, but in so low a tone of voice as to be quite inau dible in the gallery. He was understood however to say, that he thought his proposition was strictly a fair one, for the duty on common artic'es of manufacture of every-day use was instantaneously removed, and the duty of 10 per cent. was only placed upon manufactured articles of the higher order. Lord J. RUSSELL said the duty produced little or no revenue, and as they were loth to do away with the protective system in regard to agriculture, they ought to extend the same principle to manufactures of every description. Mr. T. BARING said it appeared to be the policy of the House to abandon the system of direct for indirect taxation. Now, to carry out this policy, they ought to spread direct taxation over as many articles as possi ble. The duty of 10 per cent would afford no particulqr protection to manufactures, nor -would it press at all upon the consumer, but it would add something to the revenue. There were many duties which they could take off without benefiting the consumer, and those duties were of this class—prohibitory duties of a merely nominal character, for the purposes of revenue. The revenue derived from Customs' duties, upon some twelve or eighteen articles was insignificant in amount, but if they placed the duties upon a large number of articles, it would not injure the consumer, while it would serve for the purpose of revenue. Why did not the Government adopt this plan, and reduce the heavy duties upon important articles of consumption, such as tea, coffee, and sugar ? He thought, if they wished to see the system of indirect taxation by means of customs' duties succeed, they must spread it over all articles of produce or consumption, and not allow it to fall only upon a few. Lord - J. RUSSELL said the system propounded by the Honourable Member might be a good one, or it might bo a bad one, but it had nothing to do with the question to which he had directed the attention of the House. He had objected to duties being placed on certain ar ticles not for the purposes of revenue, but for the purposes of protection. After a few words from Mr. T. BARING, in explana tion, and from the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, which did not reach the gallery, Mr. HUME said he was perfectly surprised to hear such doctrines advocated by an Hon. Member who had all his life been engaged in mercantile pursuits. He felt satisfied that if the duties were removed from the articles named, they would save at least 100,0001., which was expended in the collection of those duties. If the Hon. Gentleman would refer to the schedule, he would find that 22,000,000/. had been collected on twenty-one articles per annum, and out of that sum was expended 200,0001. for collection. He would, therefore, suggest that the duties on all those articles should be swept away, and the system- of taxation would be sim plified, and the public would derive great advantages therefrom, by obtaining the luxuries and enjoyment of a great number of articles, of which they were now almost deprived, and which, as he had shown, did not, from the great expense in the collection, yield much to the revenue. With regard to the measure of the Right Hon. Baronet, ho considered that one of the chief merits was that they brought direct taxation upon the capital and prOperty of the country.—(Hear, hear) He did not by. that mean to say that capital and property would be more taxed, for he believed that if the mea sures introduced by the Right Honourable Baronet were adopted by the House, .taxation would be de creased because the expense of collection would be less. —(tiear, hear.) He did sot wish to take up any more time of the House, further than protesting against the doctrines of Hon. Gentlemen opposite. He was sure that if the Right Hon. Baronet would only reduce the duty upon three more articles —soap, bricks, and paper— he would confer very great advantages upon the coun try. To meet the consequent decrease of the revenue, ca pital and .property i n a more complete the Right Hon. Baron e t would only have transfer e would conclude by repeati ng hi s op i n i on taxation t H o that the Right lion. Baronet had in these matters pur sued a fair course, and he must again protest against the absolute doctrines of the Hon. Gentlemen opposite; doctrines which truly belonged to ages gone by— to the times of the barbarians, the Goths and Vandals. —(Laughter.) He hoped that the Right Hon. Baronet would continue in his policy in simplifying the system of taxation, as he felt that such a system would not only increase the revenue but also the happiness and satis faction of the people of this country. Sir R. PEEL said he should be sorry - to enter at length into the subject of effecting the reduction of public taxes, because he was about to present to the House on the following evening, a great number of returns, to which he hoped the attention of the House would be given.—(Hear, hear.) As he said before, if Hon. Mem bers referred t 3 the amount of revenue received on the articles of wool, linen, and some other articles, they would find that the principles to which the Noble Lord referred were founded upon truth. If the returns which he should bring forward on ti .c following night were deemed incomplete, or any lion. Gentleman wished for information on the subject, he would be happy to afford it. He might, however, at present state a few facts in regard to the effect of the reduction of taxation on glass and auctions last year. There had been a reduction in the officers' expenses on these two articles alone of 58,6001. Mr. NEWDEGATE having made a few observations which did not reach us, Mr. Alderman COPELAND said that he knew from practical experience that the public had not derived those advantages from the reduction of taxation during the last year which had been described by the Right Hon. Baronet. Mr. HUDSON said that no one could doubt that there had been a largo increase in the consumption of glass since the duty had been reduced. There was no doubt, if they cheapened an article they would have an inereasd consamption of that article, if it were in general use, and demanded by the people of this country. No one could for five minutes doubt the truth of this statement, but if they proposed to take all protection from agriculture, they were bound in justice to take all protection from manufacture.—(Hear, hear.)—The Right Honourable Baronet had said that he did not propose to take off pro tection from agriculture until three years, but he (Mr. Hudson) thought that the country, notwit hstanding that ingenious argument, would demand that justice should be done, by completely removing all protection from the manufacturing interest. He had not the slightest objec tion to go with the Right Hon. .Baronet in his principles of direct taxation for the purposes of revenue, but he could not conceive that the manufacturers could with any face ask for protection for 10 per cent., when they were the very parties by whose agitation this great measure had been brought about.—(Hear, hear.) Ho thought they ought to carry these principles out. Dr. BOWRING was glad to agree in the opinions of the Hon. Member who had just sat down. He would lend his aid to the manufacturers, who, he was sure, would be glad to have removed from them the odious system miscalled protection. He was surprised that the Hon. Member for Huntingdon (Mr. Copeland), ode of the largest merchants in London, should have come down to the House and ask for protection.--(The Hon. Member raised much laughter by the impassioned man ner in which he spoke upon the subject.) Mr. P. BORTIIWICK said that the opinion of the Ton. Member for Huntingdon had great weight with Mr. DUNCAN said that the manufacturers would be glad to be rid of the protection, and he (Mr. Duncan) would be ashamed to stand up in that House and advo cate the removal of protection to the agriculturist, if he was not perfectly willing to have it removed from the manufacturers. Captain HARRIS said that in forming the tariff, there should have been some compensation made to the farmer, more than that proposed by her Majesty's Government. Mr. FULLER made some remarks, which were in audible in the gallery. On the article clover seed being read, Sir W. JAMES said that he considered that the re moval of the duty ought to be immediate. Sir G. CLERK said that it would be of no benefit to the farmer to take the duty off immediately, as they had already purchased that quantity of clover seed. On the article of poultry being named, Mr. POULETT SCROPE,rose, and said he wished to know whether there was any duty on poultry, and that he thought the duty on eggs should be entirely abolished. Mr. M'CARTHY (Cork) on the subject of prints being mentioned, said that very great inconvenience was felt on their importation, and hoped that the subject would be felt worthy of notice—he had himself felt much in convenience on one occasion when he had to import some prints. The remaining resolutions were then agreed to, and the report ordered to be brought up on Friday. The House then resolved itself into a Committee of Supply ; the formal votes were then taken, among which were the following :- 102,608 men. 3,000,000/. on account, for charge of land forces. 300,0001., on account, half-pay. 100,0001., on account, pensions, widows. 1,000,0001. on account, out-pensioners, Chelsea Hos pital, 40,000 men, sea service. 900,0001., on account, wages. 400,0001, on account, victuals. 1,200,0001., on account, naval stores. 400,000/, on account, new works. 350,0001, on account, ordnance. 200,0001, on account, commissariat. 100,0001., on account, salaries. 250,0001, on account, ordnance stores. 400,0001., on account, ordnance works. The House then resumed, the Chairman reported pro grew?, and obtained leave to sit again. Sir R. PEEL moved that the petition of the ship owners of Sunderland be printed. Mr. HUDSON brought up the report on the Sunder land Dock Bills. CORN AND CUSTOMS IMPORTATION BILL. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER brought up the Corn and Customs Importation Bill, and it was read a first time. Monday next was fixed for the second reading. Sir R. PEEL presented a petition from the Town Council and Burghers of Lanark, in favour of the Government measure on the protective duties. The House then adjourned at a Quarter to One. PARLIAMENTARY 'BUSINESS. From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.) MONDAY, BiARCII 9. The following Petitions for Railways were reported, and the Bills •rdered to be brought in by the undernamed Hon. Members : Newcastle and Darlington Junction (Pontop and South Shields Rail way Purchase)—Mr. Hutt and Mr. Hudson. South Wales (No. 2)—Viscount Villiers and Mr. J. H. Vivian. Nottingham, Mansfield, and Midland Junction—Mr. I.loulZsworth and Mr. J. Stuart. REVENUE, &c. The following Returns, moved for by Sir R. Peel, were presented " Account of the number of vessels, with the amount of their ton nage, and number of men and boys usually employed in navigating the same, that belonged to the several ports of the British empire en the 31st day of December iu each year, from 1826 to 1845 :" " Returns of the number and tonnage of vessels, distinguishing British from foreign, employed in the foreign and colonial trade, which entered inwards and cleared outwards, from ports of the United Kingdom, in each year, from 1832 to 1845, exclusive of vessels in ballast:" " Of the real and declared value of British and Irish produce and manufactures exported from the United Kingdom to different foreign countries and colonial possessions in each year, front 1827 to 1844 :" " Account of the net Customs revenue for each year, from 1839 to 1845; distinguishing the duty received upon corn, and the amount of revenue, exclusive of corn :" " Returns of the quantities of raw, thrown, and waste silk entered for home consumption in each year from 1814 to .the sth day of January, 1845, with the alterations in the rates of duty thereon :" " Of the declared value of British silk goods exported from the United Kingdom in each year, from 1826 to 1845, both inclusive ; distinguishing the principal countries to which exported ;" " Account of the quantities of foreign silk manufactures retained for home consumption in the United Kingdom, since the removal of the prohibition, on the sth day of July, 1826 :" " Returns of the quantities of sawn and hewn timber, the produce of British colonies and foreign countries respectively entered for home consumption in the United Kingdom in each year, from 1840 to 1845 inclusive, with the amount of duty received thereon ; distin guishing the duty on staves:" " Of the quantity of Sheep's wool imported from British colonies and foreign countries, with the rates of duty charged thereon in each year, from 1818 to 1845, with the prices of British wool during the same period, and the declared value of woollen yarns and woollen good seported from the United Kingdom :" " Of the net produce paidiiitiTthe Exchequer of the revenue of Customs (exclusive of the corn duties), and of the revenue of Excise, in the years 1842, 1843, 1844, and 1Z,45, with the amount of duties remitted in those years respectively :" " Of the reductions in the Excise department, actually effected and in progress since the repeal of the duties on auctions and on glass, together with any information furnished by that department to the Treastiry, respecting the effects produced by the repeal of the duty upon the manufacture of glass :" " Of the principal duties ef Customs repealed and reduced in each year, from 1839 to 1845, both inclusive, specifying in each case the amount of duty received the year preceding the period ef reduction:" " Copies of such parts of the Fifth Annual Report of the Society for the Promotion and Improvement of the Growth of Flax lnF Ireland, as relate to the quantity of the flax crop in the season of 1845, the extension of the cultivation of flax, and the present condition of the linen trade in Ireland." SECOND READINGS OF RAILWAY BILLS. THURSDAY, MARCH 12. Dundee and Arbroath Extensions. FRIDAY, MARCH 13. Trent Valley (Alrewas Branch). London and South-Western Railway Acts Amendment. Manchester and Birmingham Continuation and Welsh Junction. Liverpool and Preston and Manchester and Stockport. Lancashire and North Yorkshire. Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland Junction. Norfolk Extension (Stewatarket, Wymondham, and Attleborough Branch). Manchester and Leeds Extensions. Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester. Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Chester Junction, and North Wales Mineral Amalgamation. London, Bristol, and South Wales Direct. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTE R SA LL'S:YESTERDAY. The Chester Cup betting derived its importance from the advent of Clumsy, one of the Goodwood lot, and the strong feeling displayed in favour of Hope and Miss Burns. Of the three Clumsy, who rose from 50 to 1 to 1,000 to 30, and was in immense force, was decidedly the greatest " pot ;" the Baron was also in some demand, but the movements gene rally, apart from those alluded to, were unimportant; the favourites were scarcely mentioned. THE DERBY.—Brocardo was backed for about 300/, at 17 to 1; Tibthorpe for 100/., at 25 to 1; Humdrum at 40 to 1, in hundreds; Malcolm for 501., at the same odds; Poynton, in two or three, at 1,000 to 20; and two or three other out siders at liberal odds. We did not hear a bet laid about Sting or lago. CHESTER CUP. 17 to 1 agst Mr. A. W. Hill's Sweetmeat 25 to 1 agst Lord G. Bentiuck's Best Bower 25 to 1 agst Mr. E. R. Clarke's The Baron—taken 1,000 to 35 agst Mr. Thompson's Hope—taken 1,000 to 35 agst Mr. Woffenden's Miss Burns—taken 30 to 1 agst Mr. Hesseltine's Fitz Allen 1,000 to 30 agst Lord G. Bentinck's Clumsy 40 to 1 agst Mr. Waller's Columbus 40 to 1 agst Mr. Copeland's Arthur—taken to 501. 40 to 1 agst Mr. bleiklam's Inheritress 50 to 1 agst Mr. Hargreave's Advice—taken 50 to 1 agst Mr. Gully's Weatherbit—taken 100 to 10 agst Mr. A. IV. Hill's The Libel DERBY. 17 to 1 agst General Shubrick's Brocardo—taken 25 to 1 agst Mr. W. Scott's Tibthorpe—taken 40 to 1 agst Mr. Ramsey's Malcolm—t. and aft. offered 40 to 1 agst Sir J. Hawley's yumdrum— taken to 100/. 1,000 to 20 agst Mr. Weatheraid's Poynton—taken 1,500 to . 30 agst Mr. Wreford's West Countryman—taken 1,000 to 15 agst Mr. R. J. Mostyn's The Premier —taken 1,000 to 15 agst Colonel Anson's Martext—taken 500 to 400 on Humdrum agst Malcolm. OAKX. No betting. A very extensive importation of Italian Sculpture has been removed from the Docks to Robins's auction rooms, in Covent Garden, and is now arranged for public view pre preraratory to the sale, which takes place on Thursday. Lovers of the Fine Arts will find congregated rare examples of modern sculpture, far surpassing any previous consignment from Italy. The collection includes numberless figures copied from the renowned models of the ancient masters, which adorn the Florentine and Roman Galleries; well calculated, from their chasteness of design and elegance, as ornaments for the drawing-room, whilst the noble vases and tazzas, sculptured from the rare marbles of Tuscany and Elba, pre sent splendid specimens of modern art for the gallery and vestibule. The sale is directed by the importer to take place unreservedly. THE NEW TIMON.—Mr. Colburn has been autho rised, and requested, to contradict the report which ascribes this production to the pen of Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton. Sin ROBERT PEEL FOR BIRMINGHAM.—We under stand that a requisition is now in progress in Birmingham, addressed to Sir Robert Peel, soliciting him to become a candidate for the re presentation of that borough at the first election, and that such is the popularity of the Right Hon. Baronet, that it will be so numerously and respectably signed as to place his return beyond the shadow ofa doubt. him. MAGES-CONTINUED. EGIRECTIC REVIEW. We cong, atulate the entrepreneur of this publication upon the improvement which is manifest in the new series of the Eclectic Review. There is more variety in the present number than possibly in any one of its pre decessors ; and each theme is treated in a manner the most appropriate to itself. A glance at the table of contents will assure any one of our veracity in uttering the former opinion : a peep into the articles themselves will confirm the latter. As possibly the most valuable papers in the collection, we may particularly mention an elaborate analysis of M'Culloch's views respecting taxa tion, and a still more elaborate investigation as to the Celtic Church in Ireland. For the criticism, or rather eulogium, upon Thomas Hood's poetry we, as staunch admirers of that lamented philanthropist, return the writer our acknowledgments. Other articles of tolerable merit form the substratum of this March number. THE PLOUGH. One of the engravings in the present part is of real interest—it is associated with historical and humanising circumstances—we allude to a drawing of the " Rother ham Plough," the first innovation upon the ancient 19- strument used by our forefathers for turning up the soil. The Rotherham plough, sometimes called the Dutch plough, was introduced into Yorkshire in 1720 ; and since then this weapon of peace has progressed upon a gradually improving scale up to its present admirable proportions. Some " Observations on the Management of Landed Property" will prove most acceptable, but especially at this moment. Of the "Philosophy of Manure' we anticipate a prolonged continuation—a rulfilment of which anticipation we feel assured would not be regretted by the readers of the Plough. The paper upon " Fallowing" is above mediocrity, and others also are deserving of the same negative praise. LOWE'S EDINBURGH MAGAZINE. Resolved, we presume, to take some bold subject under examination, the editor of this new miscellany has in troduced into its pages a "History of S c i ence ." Th e title, of itself, is a blast of trumpets ; it commands our attention, and not without some profit (though there is room for more) to ourselves. We recommend the writer to persevere; he has hit upon a noble theme for disquisition. " George Herbert" is a mere paraphrase from Izaak Walton's life of that excellent worthy; but the sunny flavour of the " gentle craft"-sman is in this version entirely strained off. The examination of Crom well, as depicted by Carlyle and Guizot, is ingenious enough, but too tame, too prim, Oo everything but forcible. The remainder of the Edinburgh is variously good, but, as a whole, it is deserving of success. POLITICAL DICTIONARY. Part IL Second Half. This valuable book of reference is fast approaching to a conclusion. The first article in this part is " Parent and Child," the last " Physicians." The articles " Parliament," " Partnership," and "Patent," are most elaborately written, and contain a complete resume of the present state of the law on those important subjects. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL. We welcome this transatlantic periodical (of which the number before us, dated January, 1846, is the first of the second series), recognising, as we do, in its re-com mencement very considerable research, and no little novelty, in the way of condensing much erudition into a comparatively small compass. The " Journal," pub lished at Newhaven, and conducted by a triumvirate (Professor Silliman, B. Silliman, jun., and Jaws 1). Dana), is devoted exclusively to matters of science and art ; and even in this portion alone, we percieve much care in the general arrangements. Under the head of scientific intelligence, the chemical, mineralogical, geo logical, zoological, and botanical departments are all complete. Remember , ng the extraordinary experiments now being made by Professor Farraday, in relation to electricity and light, the article on " Observations of the Solar Rays" is but a mote to a beam. But the "Review of the New York Geological Reports," illustrated by a variety of woodcuts, is of itself worth double the price of the entire magazine. Altogether, the American Journal reflects honour on its conductors. THE UNION MAGAZINE. The Union has fairly conquered its place, and may now he considered as one of the established monthlies. The present number is fully equal to its predecessors, and the Union is still favourably characterised from many of its rivals by that great charm of a magazine, variety. The article on Carlyle's " hero Worship" is concluded, and our friend " The Hiudoo Gentleman" gives us an admirable description of a railroad journey into the country, and of a hunting expedition. The tale of " William Fleming, the Deal Boatman," increases in interest as it proceeds, and promises to be an ex cellent novel. The continuation of The Quarantine Tales" is also excellent. We have a very valuable paper on Venice, exhibiting profound and philosophical views of history, and tracing the causes of the fall of that proud State to the vices inherent in her constitution. The able article on the corn-laws (which is replete with valuable statistical details) is finished in this number, and the author thus sums up his conclusions on this most im portant subject—conclusions, be it said, which are fully borne out by the facts which he adduces in support of them:— "On the whole, therefore, we see no reason whatever to believe that the average quantity of wheat imported for some years to come, if prices should continue only from 40s to 50s. the quarter, will much exceed the average of the last ten years, and certainly not the quantity estimated in the Consular returns which we have quoted. We do not believe it will be possible under usual circumstances, unless indeed prices should rise to a very extravagant rate, to obtain for the next ten years a greater average importation of wheat than 2,000,000 quarters annually, a quantity capable only of feeding the increased numbers which have been added to our population since 1841 !! "Finally, we cannot believe, if all these views of this im portant question are calmly and deliberately weighed—if men will consider the great - importance to the general inte rests, and most of all, as we have shown to the agricultural classes, that our rapidly increasing population should be pro vided with new branches of employment ; if all will consider how much they have to gain, how little to fear, from the establishment of a system of free and unfettered commercial intercouse, and preservation from constantly recurring periodical derangement of our monitorial matters, and the whole system of commercial credit—in which all interest are deeply and injuriously involved ;—we cannot believe, but thai the measures now before Parliamcnt will be hailed as the only safe policy by which this country can for the future be governed. All experience of the past, and all reasoning upon the future, equally recommend its immediate and un hesitating adoption." THE ART-UNION. From the Art-Union of this month we extract the Following notice of the _ .... " SPOLIATION OF THE STATUE OF CHARLES I. AT CHARING CROSS.—This interesting work of art, which has been so long one of the chief ornaments of the metropolis, has been wil fully despoiled of the sword which hung from the girdle of the monarch. The loss was first noticed by Sir S. R. BleY rick, and was communicated to the British Archaeologi cal Association by T. Crofton Croker, Esq., and since then to her Majesty's Commissioners. It is not yet known by whom the robbery was effected or when it was done, but it is believed to have been on the day when her Majesty visited the City. It is much to be regretted that this interesting figure, which has stood so many years here unspoiled, should now be so wantonly injured. This statue has passed through many vicissitudes; it was made by Hubert le Soeur, in 1633, and was sold by the Parliament to John Rivet, a brazier, with strict orders to melt it ; he, however, concealed it until the restoration of Charles 11., when it was erected in its present site. From a notice in Fellowes's Historical Sketches of Charles I.' (1828), it appears that the sword and appendages had fallen from the statue some years before (he does not date his quotation). He says,' they were picked up by a man of the name of Moxam, at the Golden Cross, and deposited in the care of Mr. Eyre, the trunk- maker, who apprised the Board of Green Cloth of the circumstance.' " We would fain hope that the loss of the sword on the present occasion is to be attributed to a similar accident to that noticed by Fellowes, and that the person in whose possession it may be, will follo w the excellent example of the " man of the na me of Moxam" (all honour to his memory), and restore them. If the loss is the result of a robbery. Police, it says but little for the vigilance of the Me tropolitanwho would be much be tter employed in guarding our public monuments from 'spoliation than in persecuting itinerant fruit venders, and preventing them from getting an honest livelihood by the sale of their wares. THE PICTORIAL GALLERY OF ARTS. Part XIV. The present part of this beautifully illustrated serial is devoted to Egyptian architecture. OLD ENGLAND'S WORTHIES. Part 11. The present part contains the conclusion of the Life of Cardinal Wolsey, and the commencement of that of Sir Thomas More. The frontispiece is a coloured engraving of the Statue of Charles I. at Charing cross. SINGULAR CASE, AND AN IMPORTANT ONE TO EM PLOYERS —On Monday last, at the Borough Court, Stockport, Mr. Wm. Whitelegg, cotton manufacturer, was summoned by one of his weavers, named James Bradley, for 2s. 6d. wages alleged to be owing to him. Mr. Mellor, the manager, stated that the complainant had left his work without notice. He had enlisted in the 76th Regiment, and there fore, according to the rules of all the mills, his wages were forfeited.—The father of the youth said he had a certificate from the captain of the regiment, empowering him to apply for the wages. The Bench thought that the mill rules were applicable in this case.—Mr. Alderman Andrew said he had attested the enlistment of Bradley, and had been applied to under the 73d station of the Bth and 9th vie., cap. 8, to make an order upon Mr. Whitelegg for the 2s. 6d. He had accordingly made that order; and the father had applied for the money, and had been refused.—The clerk, referring to the Act of Parliament, said there was a law enforcing the payment of wages due to a recruit. It was in the last Mutiny Act, passed 24th of April, 1845, and was as follows :—" That it should be law ful for the justice before whom any recruit shall be attested, before the expiration of the term of service for which he had been hired by his master, adjudge to such recruit a reasonable proportion of his wages for the time he has actually served; and the said justice shall make an order for the payment of the amount so awarded, and in case of neglect or refusal to pay the same within four days, shall issue his warrant for levying the same by distress and sale of the goods and chattels of his master." The magis trates expressed their surprise at the existence of so strin gent a law ; and Mellor, the manager, said, if he had known of that law, he would have paid the 2s. 6d. without a sum mons. The clerk explained that it was necessary to issue a summons, for, on refusal, a warrant of distress would follow for the wages, if not paid in four days from the application and production of certificate of attestation. T he 2s. Gd. and costs was then paid forthwith.—llfanchester Guardian. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —EXTRAORDINARY CUBES OF DROPSY BY HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.—Emma Williams, a servant living .o w f it s h u :S ch frs a . S . i m z a i t f i r t c o r n s dro ps ,ol(i lt y a . rn a - s ro t a o d , a p 3 p fa e a n r c , ll ejt a e r a , s l a t ai l i tarr i i ed tt a e w l 3 , • lue be c p oi e n s e . sion), as big as a butt. Ever y usual treatment s but with out effect ; in this saclareait,ctirsehloyirt r a ec w o d ars fr e t om o Hheorlloawysatyem and an s and by them the water NV effectual cure perfected in about six weeks. These pills were lately tried upon two dropsical patients discharged as incurable from one of the largest hospitals In London, and they also were both shortly cured by this famous medicine.—Sold by all druggists, and at Pro fessor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand, London. f- t 4'1 7 ;2 __, 1I •1 , •. • 4 ~ ,:: :„ HAMBURGIAIIAM -- i--/ • S , ---.....-.1.-.:. , -', , ,, -C...„?' r ---- -- -- , , • •„,, t „f/ BRESLAU, MARCH 2.—The senate and- - the'4ldirilei`o things will probably be soon restql.pclatt crilogit, e aA e insurgents are driven by the A us t r i a ns to Iroilkoifze; a d the Austrians were on the h e i g ht s a t a s ho r t distance from that town on the 25th, in the morning. It is con firmed that the Galician peasants will have nothing to do with the revolution, and have either killed on the spot or taken prisoners the nobles, and delivered them to the Austrians. BRESLAU, MARCH 3.—The clerks of the Prussian Post office in Cracow have arrived here, and all communica tion with that city is so far broken off. Our troops are to cross the frontiers to-morrow, and it is thought that in four or five days Cracow will be occupied by the Aus trians and Prussians without much bloodshed, and the old order of things restored. The resident of our court at Cracow, who is now here, has received orders from Berlin immediately to follow the troops and return to his post.—Humburgh Papers, March 6. BERLIN, MAncri s.—On the evening of the 3d of this month, the civil and military authorities in Posen were informed that an attempt was to be made in the night to release till prisoners arrested as implicated in the revo lutionary conspiracy, and in fact suspicious assemblages appeared at nightfall in and about the town. The ne cessary precautions were taken, guards posted, and patrols were sent out in all directions. Theae were twice fired at, once upon a waggon without any of the soldiers being wounded, who, however, fired a few shots, by which two of the insurgents were killed, and two wounded and taken prisoners. Besides this, between 40 and 50 suspicious persons were arrested (some of whom were armed), and several waggons loaded with arms and am munition seized. By daybreak all was quiet, and nothing was to be scen of the insurgents. The authorities pub lished a notice to the inhabitants on the 4th. A considerable landowner of the province of Posen, who has just returned from Galicia, gives a frightful account of what has passed in that country. Emissaries of the propaganda in Paris, London, and Brussels, having been at work for about two years, imagined that the time was come when a revolution might be attempted with certainty of success, and com menced their operations at the little town of Pilsno, near Tarnon. Seven nobles and some peasants went to the house of the syndic, and summoned him to draw up a proclamation and to join them. He expressed his readiness to do so; but doubted whether they were strong enough to make such an attempt. He proposed that they should seek to procure more partisans, and in the meantime he would do his best. Satisfied with this they departed, but an hour afterwards sent a messenger to the Military Governor, informing him of the circumstance. On this they returned to Pileno and murdered the magistrate in a most barbarous manner. On the same day a band of peasants with nine noblemen entered the town of Dembice, where they invited the bailiff to join them. He refused, representing the folly and fatal consequence of such a criminal attempt. One of the nobles shot him dead, and called on the peasants to plunder the town. They, how ever, moved by the energetic speech of the bailiff, and indignant at his murder, refused. A dispute arose, in which two peasants were shot by the nobles, on which the remainder fell on the insurgents and killed them all. In the circle of Tarnon, where the petty nobles are very numerous, the band of insurgents amounted to three or four hundred persons. A number of peasants was sent by them into the town, to assist them in their meditated attack. The Jews in Tarnon soon found, by conversation with the peasants, what was intended, and informed the High Bailiff, who addressed them in an animated speech, which they received with applause. He promised ten florins for every one of the rebels taken with arms in his hand, whom they should bring in dead or alive. The result was that the rebels, not expecting any resistance, were surrounded, and a fearful massacre ensued. 130 corpses were found on the following morn ing, and 90 severely wounded were brought in, for whom the promised reward was paid. Though the magistrates cannot be censured for re sorting to these means of defence in their extreme dis- tress. They did not consider the difficulty of again calming the unchained passions, and to prevent a civil war, the atrocities of which will be encouraged by hatred, • revenge, self-interest, and plunder. A similar offer of reward has been made in other circles. The effects im mediately follow; the peasants fell not only on the armed insurgents, but on the nobles in general, not sparing even their wives and children. They did not confine their fury to the nobles, but extended it to their servants, then to the citizens and peaceable inhabitants—in short, to all who did not wear the peasant's smock-frock. In the town of Dembice they killed all the inhabitants ex cept three individuals. In a word the excesses com mitted are frightful.— Universal Prussian Gazette, March 6. S Ti ;~ °. ~~~ l _~w `/ ~-`' ~r_. _ . FLANDERS MAIL, BRUSSELS, MARCH B.—The Minister of Finance presented to-day to the Chamber of RTresentatives a project of law; granting to the war department a provisional credit for three millions francs. This may be considered as confirming the reports in circulation that provisional votes of credit will be asked for the departments, the budget of which is not yet voted, and that the Chambers will then be adjourned if the Ministerial crisis does not soon come to a definitive solution. The statement relative to M. Van de Weyer yesterday, given Lv the Independance, was correct. M. Van de Weyer has, in 'fact, been commissioned by the King to form a Cabinet. It remains to be seen whether M. Van de Weyer had accepted this commission. The Independance must ba perfectly able to inform us. M. Van de Weyer has had two interviews with his Ma jesty. We have not been able to learn whether any resolu tions have been taken. BnussEt-s, MARCH 6.—We have been on the point of seeing the Ministerial crisis terminate in an unexpected manner. Yesterday evening the Ministry had at length succeeded in agreeing on all the questions relative to education. The project received the assent of all the members of the Cabinet —everyone resumed his portefruille. The project was to be presented to the Chamber to-day. This morning, we regret to say, there was a new incident. We are assured that the Minister of the Interior has receded from the conference which he made the day before. The Ministry, therefore, has for a second time resigned ; we have now to look to an adjournment of the Chambers for a longer or shorter period, and the reconstruction of the Cabinet in this interval. And we repeat have ‘N e not a right to expect more decision, more resolution in our statesmen ? It is said to be probable that explanations will be given to the Chambers to-morrow. It is scarcely certain that M. 'Van de Weyer has been desired by the King to reconstitute the Cabinet—it is stilt doubtful whether he has accepted the commission, and efforts are already made to prevent the success of this plan. VIENNA, MAECII I.—Accounts from the commander of the division of Imperial troops at Tarnow, of the 25th of Feb., say that insurgents continue to be brought in who have been arrested by the country people, with the aid of the military ; thus, on the 24th in the afternoon, in searching the castle of Prince Sangusko, in Gumnisk, the Justiciary Lonchamp was arrested, who, on the 19th in the morning, was the leader of the insurgents collected near Tarnow, who immediately dispersed on the advance of the Imperial troops from the town. The country people everywhere assist the authorities in capturing the insurgents, who are hid in th forest. The Austrian troops, notwithstanding their.great exertion and fatigue 'in the service, are in admirable order in every respect. According to accounts received from Limburg of the 23d February, in the evening, perfect tranquillity prevailed in that capital, with the exception of the lying reports that were circulated. The country people in the circles of Sainbor an d Limburg have declared in a mass against the insurgents, and deliver to the authorities all that fall into their hands. The same is the case in the neighbouring circles.-41ustrian Observer, March 1. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert took an airing in an open carriage on Sunday afternoon in the pleasure grounds of Osborne House. Yesterday moraing their Royal Highnesses the Prince of \Vales, Priuce Allied, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, were taken on ponies to the beach for their accustomed exercise. Her Majesty and her Royal Consort to o k th e i r usua l early walk yesterday in the plantations of Osborne House. There was no addition to the Royal dinner party at Osborne House on Sunday evening. The Duke of Cambridge visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester on Sunday at Gloucester House. The Royal Duke went to Kew in the after noon. Mr. Candy had an interview with the Earl of Dalhousie and Sir George Clerk, yesterday, at the office of the Board of Trade. Sir Robert and Lady Peel returned to their residence, in Whitehall-gardens, yesterday afternoon, from Worthing. Earl Jermyn had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. Mr. Grogan, M.P., had ar interview, yesterday, with the Earl of Dalhousie, at the office of the Board of Trade. DEATH OF CAPTAIN HIERN, OF THE VIRGINIAN.— We regret to announce the death of Captain Hiern, the respected commander of the packet ship Virginian, which arrived here on Fri day evening last, from New York. On Saturday an inquest was held before the Borough coroner, on view of the body. It appeared, from the evidence of Daniel Berry, the steward, that on the 27th ultimo the vessel was about twa hundred miles to the northward of the Western Islands. The captain was in what is called "the house" on deck ; and, at the time the accident occurred, which proved fatal to his life, it was blowing a coniplete hurricane in the Atlantic. A heavy sea struck " the house," carried away the larboard side of the cabin skylights, and filled the cabin with water. Hearing the de ceased crying out for help, the steward, who was in the cabin, ran up, and found him sitting on the deck. He was seriously injured. Il ls ii- right leg was fractured, and subsequently he threw up a large s qu k a e t tity of blood. He died the following night ; but the body 7 h u o n u t 1 9 1 the e. vesselThe jury ry reached returi L e i d v died of the injuries received.—Lirerpool Albio . SERIOUS ACCIDENT IN THE FOG. --Between ten and fog on the Thames was so Liverpool, )j, verdict when te the it' : e a , if: e c coriehyaetdt l t i o e tnae deceasedaea eleven o'clock yesterday morning ' before them. During its continuance h* a 'prentice, were proceeding up ' of Limehouse, accompanied by is ] ' laden with iron and warps, and dense that the persons engaged uport.liteacioigulhdtenrontidsiele, railimboeadt'selaepnpgetrh, the river in a skiff, which was deepy h were lying moored, and their boat athwart a tier a barges witch the fog at this time being very dense, they . rowed when off Millbanh, a tt a ched to the buoy, and was picked up. The boy was carried was running up very strong, underneath the i nstan tly upset. Capper fortunately caught hold of the cable whi c h by the tide, which w as barges, but being a good swimmer, kept himself afloat tint! assist ance could be rendered. T HE Loss of THE GREAT LIVERPOOL.—POSTe O FFICE NOTICE.—On Monday the following notice was posted at the General Pest-office, St. Martin's-le-Grand, differing in some names front those published :—" List of passengers from the Great Liver, pool, breught by the Peninsula steamer, Paella, viz., Mr. Storm, Mr. wpegall, Grass, Lushin,gton, Prinsep, Mackenzie, Campbell, Gibson, Sinclair, Trewe, and Fitzpatrick, Mr. and Mrs. Dicey, Mrs. Row, Mr. and Mrs. Turton, Mrs. Goad, Mr. and Mrs. Morris and two children, the Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Parbling and child, Sir J. Balling hall, Drs. Duncan, Boyrewson, and Winton." The official notice also adds the names of Mr. J. Quadgc, J. B. Doth, C. E. Enness, A. Blak, and Adamson, and Miss King, per Paella. THE GREAT DIVISION. There are 56 towns in England, which contain above 25,000 inhabitants, and return in the aggregate 105 Members; in Scotland there arc six, returning eight members; and in Ireland seven, returning thirteen Members making in the whole 126 Members, whose votes in the late division stand thus :—Voted for the Committee, 104 ; against it 12 ; did not vote, 10; total, 126. Which confirms the accuracy of Mr. Colelen's statement. --Manchester Guardian.