The Sun. — London, England, 1846-07-27 00:00:00

MP! ALLEGE) DEATH BY FLOGGI.2',G , r 4 AT HOIJNSLOW._(r HIS DAY.) 1 , 4 ,_ 'inquest on the body of Frederick White, the soldier ii,"t7 death is alleged to have been caused by being severely o j o ged, was resumed be:ore Mr.•Wakley' shortly before ten sk a this m orn i ng, at the George the. Fourth, Hounslow t '''. The inqu es t room IV4S crowded to excess, and the Ere . i aterest was evi nce d i n th e procee dings. Mr. Clark, 11 ... t r t o t h e magistrates, was present to watch the pro v6,;lkings on the part of the regiment. first witness called was James Elsworth, a private in t he re g i ment of the 7th H ussars , w h o s t a t e d that the de ceased was more sober than other men in the regiment. wlice'e he into xicated on the night he struck the sergeant, e Sa w him strike him with a poker. Had known the e since his arrival with the regiment from America. At d eeto t r irae the d eceased was flogged for the offence the 8 ,„ and the co l one l stood on the right of White. The l u h i n ot , aat stood b e t ween them. The men stood in a half-square. th-r 7 distance of • the adjutant from the Colonel was about tit:',3-ards; he stood between the Colonel and the doctor. (111 , 1 'u was flowing when the Adjutant told Evans to do his xe i r Had seen men flogged in the same regiment before. 84 W Evans flog before; had seen Critic:a flog twice h elbr er 4 0 d e • ri !Lid seen two other men flog before ; Gadhead and the ' l a 1 flogged before. Had seen three men flogged in 's dee. ' r ale regiment, at all o f w hi c h th e same Adj u t an t a n d one_ were pr esent . The Colonel was only at one of these. of the men was sentenced to receive 100 lashes, but he reeeiY rec eived 75 ; i n th e secon d , t h e man was sentence d to Way the 15 0, but only 50 w ere g i ven; i n th e thi r d case , 150 the ee senten ce , b ut t h e man only received 50. The reason fe f, did not ge t t h e whole number was because they had suf. . e_ltra cor poreal punishment befo r e, a nd they w e r e f o rgive n the th e „.'onoer by the Commander-in-Chief. Warren anal th e ii i 9dant were at the two last. Colonel tVliyte was at punish case, and at the least Ido not consider t . hat . the tie 11 meat inflicted on others was so severe as that inflicted fie v , For instance, a man named Ogar, who was helet ,as much in America, received 75 lashes, and was only the uospital or riding with the bagage one day ; the si eve uaY he returned to his duty, and - continued at it ever th e ,• More bl oo d fl owed from the b ac k o f Whi te t h an f rom 11•1 1 ' , of this m an at t h e 75 t h l as h. Th e bl ows s t ruc k on toper m an. s back were h arder, in my op i n i on, t h an t h ose on t h e to l n e an• I made no remar k w h en t h e Adj u t an t t o ld Evan s ra nk etri , hatte r , as we are not al l owe d to spea k w hi lst i n t h e h e 8 but Lane one, who Ido not recollect, nudged mehen m ad this oh-ervdtion. The " cats," two of which , ` ere hatarieele in flicting punishment on White, had dark c olour e d kattl ia The same occ urre d i n th e thi r d case . I n it took wson's case the h an dl es were d ar k. Th e bl oat th e 8 _ on Il latthewson and White were much the same, as e farriers flogged. The Adjutant, before the 100th b ici as struck, t o ld E vans a secon d t i me to d o h is d uty . ‘ Th e hear any one te ll t h e Adj u t a nt to give th e or ter. Ili a nds are tied up to a ladder when a malls fi t o i gge . d e . feet are tied to the ladder also. He co t. u o,.o n i o ne. n ta r is; Wer e /vb ilm, or, commonly speaking,. the brought bto the room by the direction ca ofthe Coroner. 7rt .. el the thaige of all of them were stained with blood). _ .eir, aIi.LEY—Do you see any difference in the thongs "e'd from . the others ? Witness. Yes, I 'think the two 1 7"ca rA are thicker and stroner. I have not heard anything th, 1 , 11 the authorities of the regiment about the evidence...en here. con reply t o a ques ti on from Mr. Clark (put through the ‘ °fi er), he stated he had deserted twice. He deser t ed be -1-lase he was p u nished. Could. recollect being punished i ven times. Had been five years in the regiment last e 'Pril. My name has not appeared in the " Regiment De gutters Book" since October, 1844. Mr. WAKLEY—Have there been any desertions in the regiment? Witness—Yes, a great many; many have de serted oftener than I have. I have been recommended for promotion by Colonel Whyte for good conduct. The CORONER here intimated that there was great difficulty atnusconfining an investigation of this nature within legitim a t e . He was anxious to do this, but yet a t th e same i e real n% it was necessary to go at great length in order that the cause of the man's death might be ascertained, and re presentations made to the proper quarter. katthewson was th en ca ll ed in, and stated, in reply to the ee l . ° f ner, that he was confi ne d w i t hi n b arracks at that t i me „° e or misconduct ;he had not receiv e d an y p un i s hment On a ccount of the evidence given before him. _• WAKLEY—If you do receive any punishment on ac k'its.,,t of the evidence given here, take care to let me know ~„y4itness—Yes, sir. WAELEY intimated that he should not call 141 the colonel, doctor, or adjutant, but they were tt le , ee t, l 3' at liberty to come there, and make any statement areil,(lnunght proper, but in the event of their doing so, it e be taken as evidence. 14: brother of the deceased stated that he wished to put bas bquestions to Sergeant Potter, as to the treatment of 4:other in the hospital. of e l ; Cl ark then proposed to call Dr. Warren, the surgeon r!ginient, but, eAtie 1 Y Altexe said he could not receive Dr. Warren, in 41 04 1 :nee of the position he held. He could take a state find ~- , !n i ght choose to make as evidence, but he might - , e k essary to go at greater length into the case, and i i :, e o"ether the punishment was legal or not. The ark still p eeed to call Dr. Warren. l eL tl ietl: Dr. S. r T s rimmer,Vicar of Heston parish, stated h i 's t o Oday, the 13th, a Sergeant Major of the regiment,, th . e ltl w i 's and said he wished to see the sexton. Ile told see r :as the clergyman, and inquired his business with he 1 ,•, 1 1. He replied, he wished to see him respecting ,„"ge of a soldier, which was to take place at l'etcl ay e-s il, churchyard at four o'clock on the following Wed inqucred the cause of the soldier's death. He 'at 8 a liver complaint. Asked him if it was true that be e Ili ( her had b een recently flogged. He replie he had 'War e ° gged about five weeks before. Asked him if he was Abr onr , ti,at reports respecting the death of the man . were Nee 1- 10 said he was. Told him, under all the circum espreem, lie wished him to go to his commanding officer and hi a ss h l lis (the rev. gentleman's) opinion, that previ . ously !uould'i s e ing called upon to perform the funeral servlce he still h - „"ave the authority of the Coroner for his burial. He niee ti r,severed and fixed the funeral any? time l had ( , ) bt Told him he could not fix time unti he b a t ). h`: further information respecting the man's death, and a ; s " should expect a communication from the barracks. nine -4 ,ad at home the whole of that day, and until about . ni.6'Quek the next morning, but received no communica te e st ' t re ui the barracks up to that time, as he had . a meeting ain V 11 , 41 at Brentford at ten o'clock that mi rning. He was lette r - o l a L ts• Before going he felt it his duty to address b a ll ands t o l e ', Coroner on the subject, which he placed in b t e ~,ged 'At Lawrence, the inspector at Brentford,._ and to e t g e ;Jeroti e - 1 , to forward it with the least possible delay h -t orn k ßeturned home, when I received . a communication e barracks. (The letter the witness addressed to the tailed of the regiment was here lead, and simply d Vard s ""at is stated at length in his evidence.) after thatreceived a communication from the barracks, stating .h tiiisovicmao had died from disease of the heart, which from Item; L. Le A la r se of the lungs. strange, as the surgeon had stated that he died fr wis, the registrar of the district, residing at I l sle e - r e stated that on the morning of the 14th inst. a so di de sth l e 7th Hussars came to him to register the At th of White. He stated he was not . present 6 death • • Lot bof his comrade. He also said lie had si in attendance upon him previous to his death. Told fiep c ould not grant him a certificate unless some person s h,„:,c, hi — el who was present at his death, and that he a ay v iri d also require a surgeon's certificate. He went away 'Ni e l! he Would s en d th e h os pital sergeant. Told him to be I vere i,, as he wanted to go out. He never told him that they the „, -4 a hurry to o a t the barracks, as they wanted to bury e'cl o - ei n at twelve o'clock. Sergeant Potter came at ten rea c t . with a certificate, which the witness produced and e age, It stated that White was twenty-sixf years It that he died from inflammation of the heart. 714 II signed " Samuel Warren, Surgeon to the . Les s ':` u ssars." Some women, who were at work at wit bethat h e "use at the time, exclaimed, on seeing the sergeant, had com to register the death of the man who had biro e- % f lagged to e death." He had some conversation with 1v e ,." 1 which h e sta t e d th a t the man was flogged about five A sk 's before, but that he was well again in a foitnight.' to hr l ,, him his private opinion of flogging, when he stated, 11111;: s urprise, that he considered it could not be done away th e , Considered that he had fulfilled the instructions of ej i te gistrar-office. Did not go to the barracks; but if a T ar case occurre d aga i n, h e s h ould certa i n l y go to t h em. t i as not required by his instructions to visit the pl ace w here Per son died. . . tli.e7ebriaernrt,acthz constable of the district, deposed to visiting at the request of Mr. Pownall, a magistrate, Zere he saw Dr, Warren, who stated that there was no ne ssity for an inquest as the man died from pleurisy of the hart, Did not see the body. t A it•WAxLxv said the witness ought to have gone and e en the body. This was necessary when it was believed Mat a person had died from violence. Whenever there was ‘ tlli skielination to show a body depend upon it there was some thing suspicious. WAKLEY here intimated that Colonel Whyte, Dr. warren, and the Adjutant might come into the room if they thought proper. They g vaited themselves of the offer. ' Richard Evans, the farrier, one of the men who inflicted the punishment, was then called and examined—lie said he was present at the punishment of White. Received no in structiens as to how he was to be flogged. Was informed by Critten that White was to be punished, and was em - Disloyeedr as one of the men. It was usual for the He was senior farrier, and it was his duty t° d° s il o to flog.Recived orders to go to the Riding-school by eritt en, and from his Sergeant, Harris , and Sergeant-Major butt of .ot the " squad." When he first went in, the men ha . d med. He and Crit ten tied White with the same cores. e n e r ,' - ',u l not think the ladder had been used before. His feet 1 ,- ;,", i ,"ands were tied. First saw " cats" on the floor of the e - r `„•,ng-school ; they were brought in, in a bag, by Critten. the let used the cat first, and when he had done, he handed aria to witness, and he used it. (The cats were produced, a tateVl Witness selected a light-handled one, which he , kr, 'et , the one with which he inflicted the punishment.) 4 "LEYTake it in 'our 4 hand, squeeze the ends be the o deur fingers and see it they are stronger than those on diff 61. • Witness (after examining it), No; there is no ere s , e testle Witeety—Did any one say anything to you? Wit zati---ilTuhtey..,:sdjutant said "go on," after the first 25 lashes, en It came to my turn, I was certain . no one said " Do No complaint was made against him that he A i d not strik e h ar d enoug h, o r that lie struck too hard. dterPeAoinnrrg'de‘:rVtitiklLEY—llow hard do you strike? Witness—That it an upon the strength of the man. Some are orders _ AKLIY—DO you mean to say that you receive no Witn e , es and that y ou may strike light or hard as a you please? reel, Wet th at he received no orders a to how the eel° to be p un i s h e d . menWneel be said, no order was given as to how the to be flogged. WateetY declined to examine the witness . further, and th at ','_ered that he was in a perilous position, as it appeared Th lie was at liberty to punish the man as bethought proper. it..rea,lter must be further investigated. took';,‘,-;lark then called Dr. J. L. 44 arren, who stated that he 11° 41 1" . (1).8..temesedai e t al tli d e ig Ed nit3 in „. burgh University, and that he eeit e r a WAKLEY informed Dr. Warren that he was not cotn atate make any statement, and that whatever he did b r :eglit or might not he used against him. Sta t ,_ Warren said, he was quite ready to make his bi,`".?,r.it ir respective of the consequences. At t e I. Y l''ren then went on to state that he was not present e nd l ess r ',,a l of' White, but that he examined him carefully, zietinlal,..ttht he . was in a fit state to undergo usual in ''"„e lt r i ti Z , I mprisonment, or otherwise. It was usual in cee pe ;", array for a surgeon to be present at the infliction c l ol al Putlyhment re h , 3t • arti e i el We explained that the sentence of the court- Patii e d I ,'"ua transmitt e d t o t h e C ommander-in. Ch i ef, accom ,o a certificate stating th a t th e man was i n a fit state oc`a r t g .e c l u ie n r in t ial l e v i a it a . ke lt t afterwards went to the Judge p as part of the record. .. la c ontinued—A. seregant took the certificate THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVEN);WG, JULY 27, 1848, THE PRINCE ALEXANDER I. OF GONZAGA, DUKE OF MANTUA. FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) In the midst of the moral and intellectual enervation which has overcome the political world, and has caused all heads to bend before the power of Might, it is a consoling spectacle to behold a man, illustrious equally by birth and qualities, opposing himself with the noble daring of Right, alone against all, yo contra todos ; in the face of astonished Europe demanding compensation for the evils caused by revolutions to one of the most distinguished families of princes—the illustrious house of the Gonzagas; and addressing to all personages of influence and power protestations drawn up in the most emphatic terms, and exclaiming with resolute voice, " I am the only and legitimate heir of all the glory, of all the misfor fortunes, and of all the rights of the sovereign house of Gonzaga, which heretofore ruled over Mantua, Castiglione, and Guastalla. My ancestors reigned in the East—at Jerusalem. The royal houses of Eu rope anxiously sought alliance with the Gonzagas, and my ancestresses have been seated on the greatest thrones of the world. Unnumbered times our blood has flowed for the defence of Christianity, and even in fighting for Austria, who seems to-day willing to contest my rights, in spite of the loyalty with which we have hitherto sustained her power. And what has been the recompense of so much devotion and of so many combats ? My family has seen, itself Un justly spoiled of its legitimate possessions; all our services have been forgotten, and our faults illegally judged, in the person of the Duke of Mantua, my ancestor, punished without reason and without mercy. Advantage was taken of my father's minority and of mine to effect our ruin and spoliation in the treaties of Vienna and of Paris, neither has my per son been spared. Divine protection alone has pre served me from the snares prepared for me ; but I despise alike menaces and dangers, and while a spark of life remains to me, I will not cease protesting in the face of heaven and earth against the un worthy spoliations of which I am the vic tim, and demanding my reinstation in my hereditary principalities; my cause is the cause of all sovereigns, its justice cannot be called in question ; my rights are neither obscure nor doubtful, and I ought to rely upon the assistance of the great Powers and the influence of all lovers of equity." Such is the purport of all the protestations of his Highness the Prince of Gonzaga. His perseverance and his courage entitle him to sympathy, and deserve a speedy triumph. It is to be hoped that the great Powers who signed the treaties of Paris and Vienna will at length give earnest attention to demands . so worthy of their regard, and thus afford a striking example of their respect for legitimate rights. All crowned heads are more or less interested in repair ing so great, though perhaps involuntary, an injustice ; and surely political probity is, a. more solid base for thrones than either ingratitude or indifference I The following protestation has been recently issued by the Prince, and appropriately issued at the present time, in consequence of an attempt lately made at Paris to deprive him of his family papers : " We, Alexander 1., of Gonzaga, by the grace of God, Prince of Castiglione (delle Stiviere), of the Roman Empire and of Bozzolo ; Duke of Mantua, of Guastalla, of Solferino and of Sabbionetta ; Marquis of Medola, and of Luzzara, &c., &c.; descendant of the Emperor Charlemagne and of Lothaire 1., Em peror of the East and King of Italy, &c. ; Grand Master of the Order of Redemption and of Devotion, &c., &c., " To all Kings, Princes, and Potentates, " Declare, publicly, that our legitimate protesta tions against the treaties of Vienna, in 1815, having been, by the most iniquitous means, rendered un availing, and we ourselves prevented from passing the Austrian frontiers, excepting once in 1836, by the per mission of Prince Metternich, we believe it necessary, to maintain our undoubted rights, before God and man, by a SOLEMN PROTESTATION against all that has been done to our prejudice relative to our duchies of Manttia, Guastalla, Castiglione, and Solferino, &c., as heir in direct line of those territories, by virtue of the Salic law established during seven centuries in our sovereign house of Gonzaga, and by the diplonze of the Emperor Sigismond, dated Sept 22, 1433, confirming our ancestor, Jean-Francois de Gonzaga, a perpetuite for him and his male descendants, in all branches, in the titles and privileges of Sovereign, Margrave of Mantua, and Prince of the Roman empire,' as long as there should exist a Gonzaga upon the earth. " 1. By this present declaration we formally retract all concessions offered to the article of the treaty of _ _ Ratisbon, concerning our sovereign duchy of Mantua, in our protestation of October 12, 1841, addressed to Prince Metternich, Minister of his Majesty Ferdi nand I. Emperor of Austria. In consequence of a profound examination of all the deeds and treaties (vide notammant art. 31 of the treaty of Radstadt, in 1714, and art. 2 of the preliminaries of the treaty of Vienna, November 18, 1738), an intimate knowledge of the acts of our predecessor the Prince of Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla, until his death in 1746, and the testimony of impartial historians upon the illegality of the sentence pronounced against the last Duke of Mantua, by a tribunal acknowledged incompetent to judge him in his quality of Prince of the empire , and before which he was neither cited nor heard, having died at Padua, poisoned. "2. We protest in like manner, and we declare null and void, all that was done prejudicial to our in terests during onr minority in 1815 and 1817, and during the minority of our father Prince Joseph Louis de Gonzaga, in 1722, by the secret and odious compact, which disposed of our direct hereditary 'possessions of Castiglione, Solferino, and Medola, moyennant an annual pension of 10,000 florins and which was signed by the Empress Maria The resa and our cousin Prince Luigi de Gonzaga Cas tiglione, who died in 1819. " 3. We declare that Prince Luigi bad no , right whatever to give up these territories: under no con ditions, in the absence and during the minority of the true heirs, neither had he any title to act without their consent, the marriage of his grandfather having been declared invalid, and he being aware that the lineal descendant of his ancestor, Prince Ferdinand VI.. of Gonzaga, Prince of Castiglione, existed in Spain in the person of our father, Prince Joseph Louis, then a minor, of the age of eleven years, and chief of the family of Gonzaga Mantoue Castiglione, and that, in consequence, the concurrence of the col. lateral branch of Gonzaga di Vescovado in the ar rangement concluded with the Empress was illegal. " 4. We formally demand compensation for those acts by which, in the treaties of Vienna in 1815, the great powers disposed of our Duchy of Guastalla, without the consent of our family, and more particu larly of our father, the next heir of the Prince of Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla, who died without chil dren. " 5. We recommend to the consideration of the Powers, who, with the exception of Austria, have acted, we are convinced, in ignorance of these startling facts, the reparation of the injuries that have been done to us, and the restitution of Guastalla in our favour, in accordance with the privilege which they reserved to themselves (article 99 of the treaty of June 9, 1815). "6. The confederated potentates cannot, in effect, sanction either the monstrous usurpation of Mantua, Castiglione, and Guastalla, which is not countenanced by the rights of nations or of conquest; or the aliena tion of our family from those duchies where we had reigned during seven centuries, without establishing, by such an infraction of the rights of minors, a pre cedent dangerous to their interests, and entirely op posed to the monarchical principles which rule the destinies of Europe, and which in its consequences may become fatal to their kingdonis and their heirs. " 7. We renew the declaration contained in our protestation addressed to Prince Metternich, October 12th, 1841, dated from Baden-Baden, relative to the person who, by order of the Austrian Government, in the month of September, 1836, counterfeited our -signature to a paper declaring our intention not again to enter Austria or our possessions in Italy. We protest that- we have never either seen or read this paper, and that we could not have affixed our signature to such an act at a time when family affairs rendered our presence at Vienna abso lutely necessary ; and also we have affirmed this fact, when in the power of an armed force at Trieste, in 1839, in the apartment of the Governor of that town, the Count de Stadion, commissioned by order of Prince Metternich to obtain from us this renuncia tion of our Italian rights. " B.With extreme indignation we protest against the ignoble attempt, recently made at Paris by the agents of a French Administration, at the instigation of the Austrian Government, to carry off our family docu ments and title-deeds, November 27th, 1845, after a residence of eight years in France ; and although by a providential hazard, our most important original papers remain in security, we rely upon the aid of the great Powers to take some measure which may put an end to such unworthy acts. Our ruin and our spoliation have been effected by treaties, profiting of the minority of our grandfather, of our father, and of ourselves; oun CAUSE, we proclaim it boldy, IS THE CAUSE OF ALL SOVEREIGNS ! " 9. Finally, we peremptorily demand the invalida tion of the treaties of 1815 and 1817, in so far as they regard our estates; and in waiting for our re storation to our territories, an INDEMNITY conform able to our birth, and to our close alliance with al most all the sovereign families reigning in Europe. " This protestation is signed by us, and sealed with our family arms. " London, June 21, 1846. " ALEXANDER, L (L.S.) Prince de Gonzaga-Castig ? lione • , Duke of Alantua. PROTESTANTISM IN POLAND. Count Valerian Krasinski delivered his second lec ture on this subject at Rooms on Saturday last. His attention was chiefly occupied. with the condition of, literature and the political state of the people in Poland; during the period from the twelfth to the sixteenth cen tury, over which his previous lecture extended. It ap pears that the art of printing had been introduced into Poland very soon after its discovery, for we find that a commentary on the Book of Psalms was printed and published in 1465, and in 1491 a Prayer Book in the Sclavonic language. In 1539 the liberty of the press was secured by royal decree, at which time there were sixty presses in Poland, some of them, however, were the private property of noblemen. In the course of his prelection, the Count quoted. the eulogium recorded by De Thou of the nobles who formed the embassy to France after the election, of Henry of Valois, where, after describing the splen dour of their equipment, the historian says that many of these nobles spoke Latin—many of them the German and Italian languages—and many more the French, and with such purity that they seemed rather the inhabitants of the banks of the Seine and the Loire than of the Vis tula: The lecturer went into the particulars of the bio graphy of John Alaski and Stanislaus Rosen, both of them eminent individuals, but divided in their attach ment to party, and opponents in the great religious struggles of the times. The former - is well known in this country, where he resided for some time, in the reign of Edward VI., a leader among the English Re formers, closely allied to Cranmer, and generally es teemed by all who were not blinded by sectarian preju dice. Count Krasinski lamented the ill-regulated forms, or rather the entire want of form and law under which his countrymen proceeded to the most important act in their civil existence, the election of a King, and ascribed to this a great measure of the ruin which has ultimately befallen his country. THE LATE LAMENTABLE ACCI DENT ON THE RIVER. TO THE 'EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sta,—Observing the report of a lamentable accident in the morning "papers, I am anxious to contradict a part of that report, so far as my infant daughtei is concerned. I hasten to inform you that the unfortunate child is the daughter of Mr. Rathbone, one of the people in my service, and who lives at my house, 454, Strand. The gentlemen who contribute intelligence of this sort to the press ought more carefully to ascertain the names of the unfortunate parties before they unceremoniously write what must cause much unnecessary suffering to a large circle of friends.—l am, Sir, yours, &c., JAMES WILD. The following are the circumstances of the case:— On Saturday evening a melancholy accident, resulting in the deaths of a Miss Wiltshire and the infant daughter of Mr. Rathbone, took place at Vauxhall-bridge Pier. It ap pears from what information could be collected that about ten minutes past six on the evening in question, George Maynard, the pier-man, observed a large skill; in which there were six men, three women, and a child, as it was attempting to pass through the fourth arch of Vauxhall bridge, strike against the buttress of the arch. The boat then shot out, and the two men rowing, although told to keep clear of the pier, brought her in fearful collision with the triangular piling driven in front of the dummy ; the tide was then running down very strong. The Lightning, Put ney boat, which was on its upward trip, noticed the perilous situation of those in the boat prior to the collision, and the captain eased and stopped the steamer, and brought her to a dead stand. Instantly that the skiff hit the pier, the rowers jumped up, and fell upon the sitters. This action, together with the collision, caused the skiff to swing round, and in doing so she fell against the curtain-board, or bot tom of the paddle-box of the Lightning, and immediately filled. Captain Sherman and the crew of the Lightning saved three men and two women. The captain of the Citizen, letter G, by the judicious use of his life lines, saved two more men, and the Bachelor rescued the eighth; but, un fortunately, Miss Wiltshire and the child perished. All the passengers in the Lightning unite in stating that no blame could possibly attach to Captain Sherman, but, on the contrary, he is to be commended for his precaution, and the activity afterwards displayed by him and his crew. The captains of the Citizen, letter G, and the Bachelor, are alike deserving praise. There appeared to be no precise know ledge who the other parties than those drowned were. It seems, however, that the skiff is the property of Mr. Mehew, of the Tivoli Gargens, Battersea, and was used to convey passengers to and from the Citizen steam-boats. It is said that the master of the ceremonies at the Tivoli Gardens was one of the passengers, and that the remainder were con nected with those and Cremorne Gardens, Chelsea. Up to last night neither of the bodies had been found. A reward has been offered for the recovery of both bodies. COURT OF ALDERMEN.—On Saturday there was a meeting of the Court of Aldermen, at which the recent dis cussions relative to the respective powers, rights, and pri vileges of the Courts of Aldermen and Common Council was resumed. Mr. Alderman Wilson asserted the indepen dence of the Court of Aldermen, and its uncontrolled power to expend the funds of the Corporation in the prosecution of it duties, without interference by the Court of Common CounciL After some discussion, it appeared that there were not sufficient members present to make a Court, where- • upon the Lord Mayor stated that he would immediately call a Court, in order to discuss so important a question. Alderman Wilson said, although there was no Court, he should call the attention of the members to the attack made by Lord Brougham upon the Court in the House of Lords on the preceding night. lie referred to the speech of Lord Brougham respecting a petition from a person of the name of O'Flaherty, who had been committed from the Mansion House. It appeared that in consequence of an error in the wording of the commitment, O'Flaherty, who had been accused upon undeniable evidence of having forged a letter in order to procure himself a situation in the coast guard, was wrongly imprisoned. That the case had been taken in hand by some attorney, and that the attempts made by the attorney to induce the City to pay largely for the mistake in the shape of compensation having failed, a peti tion was Brawn up and put into the hands ofLord Brougham to present to their Lordships, animadverting upon the con duct of the Alderman as magistrate, and praying the House to improve the administration of justice in the City of Lon don, by immediate measures which should exclude the aldermen from any participation in the performance of the legal duties. A long conversation took place on the subject, and the aldermen resolved, as a committee, to leave it to the Lord Mayor and the City Solicitor to pursue what course they might think expedient. The inhabitants of the town of Elbing (Prussia) have sent the following letter to Sir Robert Peel :—" Measures which aim at the happiness of a nation belong to all nations; the triumph of intelligence i n one peop l e ensures th e advance ment of theinterests of humanity in all. A statesman, worthy of the name, is the man of all countries. England owes to your administration three great reforms, relating to taxation, banking establishments, and the tariffs. The esta blishment of the income-tax proclaimed this axiom, that taxation ought to fall on men who are in possession of property, and not on the means of acquiring it. The Bill relating to banking has put an end to the deceit ful fluctuations of the value of money, regulated the circulation of paper money, and brought a remedy to the crisis with which the commercial world found itself at each moment menaced7lt ha 5....., as it were, sn invitation to our Government to profit by your example, for the purpose of endowing our country with a wiser legislation, and more in conformity with our wants. The reform of the tariffs inaugurates in Europe the era of commercial liberty. Nations, in following the impulse which you have just given, will draw closer to each other as the citizens of one and the same country. Their interests will be more and more com mingled, and will constitute so many guarantees of peace. The statesmen who govern Prussia, if they have not preceded you, are ready to follow you in the path you have chosen. We hail with delight the measure which admits corn free into England ; and it is not oar interest alone which prompts us to say so, for we are convlrced that this measure will be profitable to the English people. Your name will pass to posterity loaded with blessings." GRAND CALEDONIAN FETE AT VAUXHALL—This fete, which is announced for Wednesday next, will be under the immediate patronage of the noblemen and gentlemen of the Highland Society of London, including the chief, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the president, the Duke of Buccleuch, and the vice-presidents, the Earl of March, Viscount Belhaven, Sir James J. R. Mackenzie, of Scatwell, Bart., Lieutenant-General Sir John Macdonald, adjutant general of the forces, the Chisholm, of Chisholm, &c., &c. A number of Highland chieftains and others have expressed their intention of appearing in the various costumes of the several clans. ROYAL Col.l.Ear: or PHYSICIANS.—Dr. William Baly, physician to the Penitentiar,y, Alillbank, and Dr. James Ris don Bennett, physician to St. Thomas's hospital, have been elected Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians. THE WATERDIEN'S PIER, GRE.ENWICJEL--Considerable excitement was manifested in Greenwich on Saturday even ing, at the appearance of a paper affixed to the flag-staff on , the Watermen's Stearn-boat pier, signed by Mr. Saunders, Sub-Conservator and Water Bailiff, giving notice to Wilkins and sixteen others that be intended to take possession of, and remove all the barges, chains, &c., composing the pi er . The notice caused.great surprise, as it was generally under stood that the pier had*en so altered an d re - constructe d as to do away with all wise of complaint, and consequent l y that no further steps leonld be taken in the matter. LAUNCHING OF , HER . 51 ti T h E TY'S STEADIERS ANTE. iron steamers, named the LOPE AND SBARIVOOTErt— . Saturday afternoon, shortly after three o'clock," two superior Sharpshooter, intended_ -u for her Majesty's ser vice, and. Sher vice, were launched from the ship - b uilding ilding depot of Messrs. Ditchburn and Mare, Blackv!rall. The novelty of a double I._n _ s c l e i re_mony. launch excited considerable m . te e rest, and a number of .y,.lt I , _nderstood, iu conveying spec tators assembled to witiler The Antelope the lonian Islands and other parts of will be employed princiPs perpendiculars is the mails to and from Her le llfeet, t ll e a e d a th for tonnage 28 the Mediterranean. 170 feet, keel for tonn f ai l: burthen in feet, depth of hold 18 feet, o tons 649, and she will be fitted with engines of d for thep power, by Maudsley. The Sharpshooter is destine ivot. s c b o e ast of Africa, and will twois somewhat smaller mount six guns, on n p d has been built, than the former vessel, a ffi it appears, ex pressly for the peculiar tra _ bettyuntered on the coast. She is 489 tons burthen, leng tre dthen perpendiculars 150 feet, keel for tonnage 132 feet ? a for tonnage 26 feet, and depth of hold 15 feet 9 inches. Rav Her engines will be 200- horse power, by Miller and enhill. At an early hour both steamers were decorated with the Admiralty flag, the ' jack, and others of as national a character,and union high water drawing lug_vessels, while on the slips, 1 gentlemen , were inspected by severe g then dlen connected with the Ad miralty. The order was e given to launch them, and they glided into their future element amid the cheering of the spectators and other demonstrations usual on such occasions. Viscount Morpetb, u as _e_f Commissioner of Woods and Forests, has appointed Dah l u. J. Mackintosh, son of the late Sir James Mackintosh, to be his Private Secretary. Sir ' John Cam Hobhouse, as President of the Board of Control, has appointed his brother, 1_1,.• Hobhouse, to be his Private Secretary. The MarcitlT°rulanricarde, as Postmaster- General, has appointed Mr. Gustavus Cornwall his Private Secretarv.—Sunday paper. The 6haneellor of the Exchequer acknowledges the k receipt of 3L from an anonymous correspondent, on account of assessed taxes, legacy duty, and interest at five per cent, Sir William Molesworth has paired off with Mr. Goring for the remainder of the session, having been ordered out of town by his medical attendant, in consequence of a violent inflammation of th• eye, from which he is just re covering. AMERICAN NE.WS. LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY. The prOcet-ship Joshira , Bate, Captain Murd oc k, arr i ve d i n t h e Mersey this morning, from Boston, bringing advices from that city to the 6th instant, from New York to the 4th, and from Washington to the 3d, inclusive. These accounts add little to the intelligence received by the Montezuma, and are chiefly engrossed with the details of the revolt in Mexico, and with the proceedings of the lower branch of Congress upon the. Tariff Bill. No final or decisive vote hid been come - to • upon this measure ; the discussion, in accordance with the pre vious resolution of the House, terminated on the 2d, and the votes were at once taken upon the various amend ments and rchuclulei propose& Up to the dispatch of the latest accounts from Washington, however, no vote upon Its adoption- or. rejection had been taken. We aLnex an outline of the proceedings. A private letter, expresses a belief that the Bill would pass the House of Representatives, though without the.duties upon tea and coffee. The accounts from the Mexican frontiers by this arrival are unimportant ; and, with the exception of a slight collision at Tampico, nothing had occurred to disturb the momentary quiescence of the war. The atf,ir at Tampico arose from the Mexicans, under cover of the three gunboats lying in the liver, having at tempted to ertct an additional battery on the northern bank. The commander of the United States vessel St. Mary, observing this, began cannonading the works, the fire beirg returned by the gun-boats. Afterwards an ill-conducted and unsuccessful attempt was made to cut out the three gun-boats. From Matatuoras we learn that General Taylor still remained in position near that town. The numbers, position, and condition of the Mexican troops remain still a matter of uncertainty. Accounts from Missouri state that, according to the rumours there afloat, the Mexican commander at Santa F 6, New Mexico, had advanced with a considerable force towards the frontiers to repel the projected expe dition under Colonel Kearney. The domestic affairs of the. States are uninteresting. The Washington Union publishes the articles of im peachment framed by the Executive against General Gaines. Their effect has been previously stated. Commercial letters from New York of the 4th state that there was a fair degree of activity in that cotton market on the 3d, which closed at firm prices. The sales for the week were 6,900 bales, at the following prices, namely.:-- 4,000 bales of 2,900 bales Upland and , New Orleans Florida. ." - and Mobile. Inferior ... None. , None. Ordinary to good ord. Cid. to lid. Cid. to 70. Middling to good mid 74d. to 7fd. lid. to Bid. Middling fair to fair... lid. to nd. ald. to 9d. Fully fair to good fair Bid. to 9id. to 10d. Money remained at about the same value as by the steamer. In regard to exchange, this being a Boston packet, little or nothing was negotiated by her. The advices from New Orleans come down to the 25th June. The sales of cotton for the three days ending on the 24th, amounted to 6,000 bales, nearly the whole of which were taken for England. On the 23d the sales only reached about 200 bales, the receipt of the news by the Great Western rather tending to unsettle the market, but no alteration was made in the quotation of prices. Freights were gl. in Ame rican. and 11-16 d. in British vessels. Exchange on London sto 7 , 2. premium. The receipts of cotton for the last four days amounted only to 1,654 bales. Tire journals publish a statement of the amount of Go vernment deposits in the banks on the 29th June. The sum deposited is stated at 12,484,888 dollars, of which 3,014,630 dollars had been drawn for, but the draughts had not been presented. Our accounts from Canada are meagre. A report had reached New York of a conflagration having occurred at GasE6, resulting in the destruction of from 40 to 50 houses. The report is, however, unauthenticated. The Rochester Democrat says,— "The wheat-dealers in Montreal feel the pressure as keenly as their fellow-sufferers in the city of New York. We understand several failures have already taken place, and others are likely to follow. We are informed that there are over 2,000,000 dolls. due at the Montreal bank, the present month, and that most of the produce upon which dependence was placed to meet this amount is still in the warehouses of that city." The New York papers contain the following para graph : "Application having been made to the Canadian Govern ment to permit the importation of American wheat for grinding, under bond, the Inspector-General answered, that under the circumstances under which was enacted the Act 6 Victoria, chap. 38, and which the Bill introduced this session, if sanctioned by the Imperial Government, will materially effect, it has not been considered expedient to advise his Excellency to anticipate the course which the home Govern ment may think fit to adopt." The accounts from Vera Cruz reach to the 16th ult. The blockade still remained in force. The position and intentions of Paredes were unknown. Symptoms of dis affection against his rule are reported as existing in Vera Cruz, and to all appearances the revolution was involving the whole country, and his fall was certain The new Congress had assembled. According to the New Orleans journals, Paredes immediately transmitted to the assembly a message strongly recommending an immediate declaration of war against the United States. The result was unknown. Letters from Mazatlan, to the 20th of May, add, that the garrison had on the 7th pronounced in favour of Santa Anna. llavannah advices of the 20th ult. state that the steamers Montezuma and Guadaloupe were about to leave for England to effect repairs. They had been re quired by the Governor to land their guns. PROCEEDINGS IN CONGRESS. WASHINGTON, JULY 2.—The discussion upon the new Tariff Bill having been terminated, the Committee now prc ceeded to dispose of amendments. The schedules on the Bill ran from Ato H inclusive. Mr. M'liay moved to add another marked I, the articles in which should bear a duty of 40 per cent.—Agreed to. Schedule A (brandy, cordials, &c.) was then amended by striking out 75 per cent., and inserting 100 per cent. The House then agreed to it. Sche dule B (30 per cent.) was amended by adding thereto from other schedules of articles, viz. :—ale, beer, porter; china, earthen and stone ware; wine, tobacco, willow-splits for making baskets, hats or bonnets made of straw or satin braid ; and then agreed to as amended. Schedule D was amended by making salt duty free, by a vote of 90 to 60. Other arti cles were struck out. Schedule E was agreed to, after striking out sundry articles to be placed elsewhere. Schedules F, G, and H were more or less amended. Schedule I was composed of such articles as cassia, clove 3, sweetmeats, 'pre serves, fruits of any kind, nutmegs, cigars, snuffs, manufac tured tobacco, and wines. _ Tea, coffee, and salt were made free articles by a vote of 104 to 60, and the fishing bounties were repealed by 107 to 69. The committee then rose. JULY 3.—The Bill to reduce the tariff was again discussed, and various amendments offered, some of which pa , sed and others were rejected. Mr. Hungerford's substitute was ver bally amended, and then rejected. The Committee rose and reported the Bill, as amended, to the House. The previous question was then moved and sustained by the House, by a vote of 112 to 96. Salt was struck out of the 20 per cent. schedule by a vote of 105 to 95. A motion was then made to re-consider ; yeas 101, nays 105. Great sensation pro duced. The Speaker could not keep Members in their seats. The next question was on putting salt on the list of free articles, which was carried; yeas 105, nays 104. The Speaker was then called upon to vote, and he voted no, and declared the motion lost. A motion was then made to re consider, and the yeas and nays were being taken as the latest dispatch closed. LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY MORNING, NINE A.M. By the arrival in the Mersey, this morning, of the packet ship Independence, from New York, we have re ceived advices from that city to the 7th inst. The com mercial accounts note no change. Nothing later has been received from Mexico by this ship. The accounts from Washington are to the 6th inst. On the 4th the Tariff Bill was received in the Senate from the House. Mr. Sevier moved that it be printed and made the special order for Monday next. The motion was divided, and the resolution for print ing was adopted. Mr. Evans then moved its reference to the Finance Committee. Mr. Sevier called for "yeas" and "nays," and op. posed the reference, because the Members of the Finance Committee were absent. Mr. Speight bad gone to North Carolina, and might not return before the end ot the session.. Mr. Evans thought that if that was the reason, then it was a reason why no more business should be referred to that committee, and why they should be discharged from the business before them. Mr. Morehead thought it very unusual to make a Bill of this magnitude the order for so early a day, without reference, and without examination of its details. Mr. Sevier saw no good result from a reference. He wanted early action. The committee could not report on all the items under three weeks, if per-. nutted. They were equally divided, and how could they be expected to report it back? Mr. Allen said, it was perfectly well known that mem bers of, committees present were equally divided on the I subject; and said that the vacancy could not be filled. No senators on this side would object to it. He said if the Bill were referred, he would consider it equivalent to its defeat. Senator Niles (Democrat) expressed himself opposed to the bill in toto. He should vote against it, and take the responsibility. The motion to refer was lost by a majority of 2. Ayes, 22 ; noes, 24. The Bill was then made the special order for Monday, and 300 extra copies ordered to be printed. A number of private Bills were ordered to be engrossed. The Land Graduation Bill was then taken up. Mr. Calhoun explained the substitute which he . offered. The debate was continued by Messrs. J. Clayton, Benton, Crittenden, and Calhoun ; and, without coming to any action, the Senate adjourned. In the House of 'Representatives some discussion took place on the " edges of the tariff." Mr. M'Goughy moved to have the journal corrected, so as to give the full proceedings of the House on Fri day last in relation to the duty on silt, the Speaker's vote included. _ _ The Chairman decided the motion to be out of order. Mr. M'Goughy appealed from the decision. Mr. Coble moved to lay the appeal on the table, which was agreed to. Yeas, 90; nays, 52. The New York papers publish the new Tariff Bill as it passed the House on the 3d, by a majority of 114 to 95. It is divided into twelve sections. The following is an analysis of the document: — The first section contains a preamble of the measure, then follows the cost of articles under the various rates of duty to be imposed, viz.: —First, those that are to pay a duty of 100 per cent., ad valorem, such as brandy and other spirits distilled from grain or other materials, &c. Second, articles to pay a duty of 40 per cent., in wh ich are fish preserved in oil, composition tops for tables, or other articles of furniture, wines, &c. Third, to pay a from him, and no doubt conveyed it to the officers constitu ting the court-martial. Examined him on the morning of the punishment. Gave no directions during the infliction of the punishment, as it was uanece3sar3,- tor him to do so. He had the power to stop the punishment if he thought proper. He was within three yards of White, and therefore knew his coucl iti Ile did not suffer any convulsions, nor did he make any appeal to him; he did not feel lads pulse, because it was not necessary in the British army—(Laughter)—could not have been mouth nearer to him. When he was taken down, he directed Sergeant Potter to sponge his back with warm water. Visited him at 10 o'clock the next morning, and made an entry, not every day, but every third or fourth day. His back was in a satisfactory state. Did not order him any extra diet for some days after he came into the hospital. When he first came to the hospital, he was put on low, or half diet, because he considered his condition required it. No change was made in his diet until he became ill of the disease which carried him off: it was changed to," spoon" or " fever diet," such as tea, &c., three days before his death. Mr. WAKLEY desired the witness to repeat the entries in the book, which he did. To the ISth June he had low diet —from the 20th to the 6th of July he had low diet. On the 6th he • had " spoon" diet, and two pints cf extra tea. " Spoon dieo consisted of three pints of tea, and "so much bread." It was the usual fever diet, and was so regulated by the Medical Board. From the 22d to the 'l6th inclusive, fomentations were kept to his back. On the 22d, ointment and a small portion of extract of lead, which was applied with lard, or something of that kind, and wl.ich was continued until the 25th. On the 25th a number of boils appearing, poultices were ordered. On the 28th opening medicine was for the first time ordered, and was the first internal medicine ordered. His back healed very rapidly fur the first ten days. The discharge, which was profuse at first, had not a had smell. Considered that he would be fit fur duty on the sth or 6th of July. On the 6th there was an entry stating that the deCeased complained of a pain in the region of the heart; pulse, 80; tongue clean; bowels torpid. Mr. WAKLEr then read the evidenceof Matthewson, which stated that the deceased complained of the lash when in the hospital, and attrributed his illness to the lash; to which Dr. Warren, who was present, said, three times, " It is." Dr. Warren said the statement was a falsehood, The wit ness had not spoken the truth. He made no complaint to him of the pains he spoke of in his inside, and he put it to Mr. Wakley whether he could tell the pains a person suffered if he did not mention them to him? His evidence contained numerous falsehoods. Mr. WAKLEr—Perhaps he had no faith in, your medical skill? Dr. Warren said he , could bring the whole regiment to state the contrary. The reason lie removed White into another ward was in accordanc4 with the directiOns of the 'Medical Board, who directed that persons labouring under medical and other cures should be kept separate. The deceased was seen by Dr. Hall once before he died. Dr. Reid assisted in performing cross-examination, and he was present at it. He treated the deceased for inflammation in the pleura and heart. There was a general order for the Medical Board to open persons who died in the army. Dr. Reid was an assistant-surgeon in the army. There were recent adhesions on the left, and old and strong adhesions on the right side of the , chest in the upper and back part. The lungs were not in flamed. The pulmonary arteries were inflamed;" but the - pulmonary veins were but little inflamed. The liver was much enlarged, but healthy ; texture quite firm and healthy. Kidneys healthy, and of the natural size. Bladder healthy, although there had been a retention of urine. The intestines and stomach were healthy. (The certificate of the deceased's death was here handed to the witness, in which its cause was stated to be disease of the heart,) He said there was disease in the heart, which was communicated to the larger vessels. The pericardituri was not in an unhealthy state. Mr. WAKLEY—What was the cause or death? Witness— Inflammation of the heart and pleura. • Mr. WAKLEY—How was that inflammation causpd? Wit ness—lt is impossible to say, there are so many causes of in flammation. lie knew no reason why the stock of persons so punished is removed, excepting it protected his neck; all the men he had seen flogged had their stocks off. . The witness then withdrew. Tie jury then adjourned for refreshment, until half-past two o'clock. Lieutenant-Colonel Whyte, commanding the 7th Hussars at Hounslow, has had interviews with the Duke of Welling ton, Mr. Fox. Blank, Secretary at War, and the Marquis of Anglesey, the former Colonel-in-Chief of, the regiment, on the subject of the unfortunate occurrence. The officer in question was engaged, we understand, with the Marquis of Anglesey up to a late hour on Wednesday night last, and in the subsequent part of the week was engaged with the Com mander-in-Chief. In erder that the public may be enabled to arrive at a proper conclusion, and form opinions as to the innocent and guilty parties in the transactions, the following particulars relative to military law, as well as to some of the circum stances of the case, are added. Before proceeding further, it may be well to state that Colonel Whyte is not the Colonel of the regiment, but Lieutenant-Colonel, or Commanding officer, or in other words acting Colonel, as agreeably to army usages the Colonel-in• Chief of a corps never accompanies it; and also, that although the Coroner has already had two long inquiries, at neither were two most important docu ments produced—the one being the minutes of the proceed- ings of the court-martial by which the prisoner was sen tenced, and the other the list of officers who composed the same. As stated some time since, the charge preferred against the deceased was violence towards a non-commissioned officer. - Me was tried by a district or garrison court-martial, which, agreeably to the 9th Article of War, consisted of seven commis sioned officers. Of this tribunal Captain Shirley, the senior captain of the regiment, acted as president. The evidence was taken on oath, and, on the guilt of the prisoner being established and sentence passed, the finding and sentence - were forwarded to the Horse Guards for confirmation. It is a mistake to suppose that the court had not power to inflict any othersentence than one of corporal punishment, as the words of the article run thus :—" And the court may sentence any soldier to imprisonment, with or without hard labour, and may also direct that such offender shall be kept in soli tary confinement for any portion or portions of such impri sonment, not exceeding 28 days at a time, nor 84 days in any year, with intervals between the periods of solitary confinement of not less duration than such periods of solitary confinement; or may sentence any soldier to corporal punish. limit, not extending to life or limb, ft.r immorality, mis behaviour, or neglect of duty. And such court may, in ad dition to either of the said punishments. sentence a soldier to forfeiture of all advantages as to additional pay, and to pen sion, or discharge, which might have otherwise accrued from the length of his former service," &c. The clause in the Queen's orders and regulations for the army relative to the infliction of capital punishment is to the * following effect :—The award by a general court-martial is restricted to 200 lashes; by a district or garrison court martial to 150 lashes; and by a regimental court-martial to 100 lashes. The deceased Frederick White, it will therefore be observed, received the highest penalty in the power of the court to award, as did the private Matthewson, who re oeived 100 lashes by order of a regimental court-martial, for insolence to a sergeant. In the army regulations also appear regulations to the fol lowing effect : Just discrimination is to be used by the Court in applying the quantum of punishment, whether corporal or other, to the nature and degree of the crime, so that its award may be final, and carried into effect, it being indisputable that crimes are more effectually prevented by the certainty than by the severity of punishment, &c. Submissive, quiet, orderly conduct, and proof of contrition while undergoing punishment, are, unless the crime has been of a very aggravated character, to be favourably considered. In the case of district court-martial, the commanding officer may, if he should see reason, recommend a partial re mission of the punishment to the general officer who ap proved the sentence. In the case of regimental courts• martial, approved by himself, he has the power of using his own discretion. • Sentence must be inflicted in the presence of the sur geon or the assistant-surgeon, who have the power of stop ping the punishment when the culprit can no longer bear it, &c. A letter, published in a provincial paper, states that the deceased, Frederick White, was the son of a very respect able man, who, some years since, held a responsible situa tion in the General Post-office, and who subsquently acted as postmaster at Nottingham. It adds that through the change in his parent's circumstances, and consequent dis tress, the deceased enlisted into the 2d Life Guards, which he left owing to a hurt, but subsequently entered the 7th. The tolonel of the regiment, Sir William Tuyll, who was a7pointed. a, few months since, in the room of the late Sir James Kearney, is,. we believe, on the Continent. The Marquis of Anglesey was colonel up to 1842, when he re ceived the command of the Blues. REPRESENTATION O r W ESTMIN sTER.—A report that Mr. George Thompson will start for the representation of Westminster, is freely circulated. General De Lacy Evans will not be disturbed or interfered with by the new candidate. GREENOCK AND THE Ex •PaEstrEn.—The traders of Greenock are about to present Sir Robert Peel with a massive silver jug, as "an expression of their gratitude for the measure framed by him for the abolition of the corn-laws, and of their admiration of his independent, eloquent, and successful support of the • prineiples of free trade." The presentation will be made in the course of the present week, and the deputation will be accompanied by Mr. 13aine, ROBBERY AT WIESSBS. lIARNETT AND BDARE's.-- On Saturday, about one o'clock, a gentleman named John son went into the banking-house of Messrs. Barnett, Hoare, and Co., to receive cash for a cheque of 1951. He received bank notes to the amount of 100/., which he placed in his pocket-book, and deposited in his coat pocket. The re mainder was paid in gold, which Mr. Johnson also placed in his pocket, when he discovered that his pocket-book, with 1001. in notes, was gone. This must have been stolen from Two or by some parties while he was counting t he gold. • or three of the swell mob had been previously observed near the spot, and as they are known the police expect shortly to have them in custody. Payment of the notes was imme diately stoppad at the Bank. THE WELLINGTON .STATUE.—On Saturday the further erection of the scaffolding over the triumphal arch at Hyde park Corner, intended for the raising of the colossal statue of the Duke of Wellington, was suspended by order of Lord Morpeth, the ; new Chief Commissioner of Woods and Forests. It is now fully believed that the site chosen by the committee, upon which several hundred pounds must have been expended, even in the present scaffolding erected, will be given up, and that the parade in St. James's-park will be the place on which this trophy to the merits of the illustrious Duke will ultimately be raised. KING'S COLLEGE HOSPITAL—The first meeting of the Committee for promoting the building fund was held in the Library of King's College, cn Saturday, the Duke'of Cam bridge, President of the Building Committee, in the chair, A most favourable report, with reference. to the funds alp ready raised (amounting to nearly 3,000/.) was read. Ills Royal Highness was pleased to express his interest in the success of this Hospital, and at the same time stated his in tention of doing everything in his power to foward the proposed plaris fur enlarging the building and increasing the usefulness of the institution. It was remarked by his Royal Highness, that it was most desirable that there should be a large Hospital in such a central part of the metropolis, and he expressed his astonishment that amidst a popula tion so dense there had not been, long before, any insti tution of the kind, between such distant points as Bar , tholoinew and Charing-cross. His Royal Highness made many particular inquiries regarding the medical school at Ning's College, and the business of the meeting having been completed, proceeded to inspect the various museums within the College, in all of which he seemed t o t a k e great i nterest. His Roya l Riohness was conducted over the establishment by a large body of the Governors of the Hospital ; and on leaving expressed his intention cf presiding again, so soon as the Committee should Intimate that his presence would be of service. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston had a select party to dinner last evening at their residence, in Carlton house-terrace. A CHILD COMING TO LIFE AGAIN.—At Palterton, in the parish of Scarcliff, en the 19th inst., an infant, the daughter of Elizabeth Glassbv, was to all appearance dead —laid out, and the passing bell rung. The child lad• from seven o'clock in the morning to eight o'clock at night, when a person on going upitairs, found the child alive and cry ing--desterfidd Courier. _ _ duty of 30 per cent,, ad valorem —alabaster,: German silver plate, ale, beer, or porter, in casks or bottled, walk ing-stieks, china s earthenware, &c. Fourth,. to pay_ a. duty of 25 per 'cent., ad v - ilo , eni. Under this tax, among other articles, are buttons and button moulds of all kinds, several descriptions of drugs, cables, cord age, tarred or otherwise, cotton laces, cotton insertings, cotton trimming laces, cotton laces and braids, - manu factures composed wholly of cotton, not otherwise pro- - ; vided fOr ; manufactures of goats' hair or mohair, &c. ; mafting, Chinese and-other floor matting, and_ matting. made of flags, jute, or grass ; nianufactures_ofsilk, or. of. which sill: be-a corniionent material, :not otherwise provided lbr ;.:.thanufactares of Worsted, .or . . of 'worsted shall be a component Material; not otherwise' provided for ; slates, other than roofing slates Woollen Woollen and worsted yarn. Fifth, articles to pay adttty of 20' per cent. Sixth, articles to -pay a duty of 15 per cent. Seventh, articles to pay a duty of 10 per cent. ad valorem,. in which are included books, printed magaznes, pamph lets, periodicals, and illustrated newspapers, bound or, unbound ; liempseed, linseed, and rapeseed, &c. ; Ara bic, East India, Senagal, &c., gums ; furs ; tallow, soap stocks and soap stuff. ' • chronometers, watches, and parts of watches, &c. Eighth, to pay a duty of 5 per cent. Ninth, articles free or duty. Sec. 3 further enacts that from and after the Ist of December, there - shall be levied, collected; and•paid on all goods, wares, and merchandise imported frOm foreign countries, and not especially provided fur in this Aet, a duty.of 20 pet cent. ad ralorenz. See. 4 provides for the weighing or measuring ofgoods, when such is not contained in the invoice or entry. Sec. 5 allows a drawback in the duty on piek:ed fish of the fisheries of the United States equal to the amount of duty paid for salt, if said fiAl be cured with foreign salt. Sec. 6 fixes the 2d of December fur the commencement of the Act. Sec. 7 authorises goods from the America side of the Cape of Good Hope or Cape Horn to remain in the pub lic stores (if so desired) for one year, instead of 90 days, as enacted by the Act of 1842. Sec. 8 enacts, that in no instance shall the duty be as sured upon au amount less than the invoice value. Owners, consignees, or agents of imports which have been actually purchased, may, on entry of the same, make such addition in the entry to the cost or value given in the invoice as in his opinion may raise the same to the true market value of such imports in the prin cipal markets of the country whence the importation shall have been made, &c., and add thereto all costs and charges which, ut.der existing laws, would form part of the true value at the port where the same may be en tered, upon which the duties should be assessed. See. 9. Value of goods may be appraised, should the Custom-house authorities deem them entered at too small an amount ; and in case the United States ap praisers shall deem them under value, the collector of the district to have power to sell the said goods by auc tion within twenty days, for an attempt to defraud the United States Customs. Sec. 10 relates to appointment of officers under the Act, who will be required to take an oath of office. Sec. 11 prohibits all persons connected with the Ame rican navy, in any ship of the United States, importing any article subject to duties specified above, &c. LITERATURE. THE WORKS OF WALTER SAVAGE LANDOR. 2 Vols. Without enjoying one tittle of their immediate popu larity, the writings of Walter Savage Landor will sur vive those of many hundreds of his contemporary authors. Convinced of this fact, and regarding him as one of our old familiar favourites, it is with an unusual feeling of satisfaction that we observe the productions of this extraordinary man collected together in such a goodly shape, and of such substantial dimensions. The intellect of Landor is altogether without a parallel; it is a combination of subtleties and solidities; it is at once peculiarly imaginative and peculiarly matter-of fact. From the circumstance, however, of his never struggling to propitiate the multitude, either in so flavouring his compositions as to consort with their palate, or in modifying his own particular views upon the . bias of their opinions, he nev e r has obtained, and possibly . never will obtain, any remarkable degree of popularity. Lander has not gone out of his way one jot to seek the sympathies of others; he has not followed the common track; he has proceeded along his own peculiar pathway apparently indifferent to, or careless of, any enthusiastic approbation. Those who have sympathised with him have gone expressly out of their ordinary course for the purpose of doing so. Nevertheless, in despite of this enormous disadvantage, the writings of Mr. Landor have gained him many earnest admirers. The . produc tions with which his name has become peculiarly asso ciated, and which are in truth among the most remark able literary performances of this half century, are the Imaginary Conversations. In these; he has adventured much; their very conception was an audacity, but they have proved to an eminent degree successful. They dis play in the writer a very extraordinary appreciation of character, a keen perception, and an astute identifica tion of the idiosyncrasies of the most remarkable personages mentioned in history. And though occa sionally the masquerade costume slips off the shoulder, revealing Lander under the cowl of Ira Fillippo, or the surcoat of Henry YIII., or the toga of Lucian, or the d -üblet of Cromwell, the illusion is on the average com plete, and the simple gentleman of the nineteenth cen tury is forgotten in the heroes and heroines of antiquity. Occasionally, we have said, the deception is overlooked and the author speaks instead of the character he is en deavouring to delineate ; and hence it is, possibly, that we conceive those Conversations to be the most brilliant and unflavoured in which Mr. Landor himself takes an avowed part. Ile is then no lenges cramped by the consciousness that he is merely " acting" ; the ima gination is unfettered by conventionalities; then, indeed, he will talk—" Ye Gds ! bow be will talk!" ,As these effusions are already tolerably familiar to most people, from their periodical appearance in Blackwood's Magazine and elsewhere, it would be superfluous to particularise all those excellencies with which they are so unquestionably and so aoknowledgedly exuberant. If they have one characteristic more strongly developed than another it is wit—real, genuine, golden wit. From them we could cull a superb volume of epigrammatic sentences, witty sayings, novel and startling truths, clothed in the dain tiest d:ction, and perfect jewels of poetical thought and fanciful illustration. Here is one, taken literally hap hazzard : it is a definition of the eloquence of Plato — ride vol. ii p. 25 —" Certainly there was never so much eloquence with so little animation. When he has heated his oven he forgets to put the bread into it ; instead of which he throws in another bundle of faggots. Ills words and sentences are often too large for the place they occupy. If a water-mellon is not to be placed in an oyster-shell, neither is a grain of millet in a golden salver. At high festi vals a full band may enter : ordinary conversation goes on better without it " In writing after the fashion he has herein adopted, Landor reminds us of one of those great men he makes Michael-Angelo Buonarroti describe as " coming spontaneously forward, and moving with the multitude from the front, stilling the voice of the cryer, and scattering the plumes of the imposter." The in tellect of our author retains, however, one grievous and monstrous blemish—one that obtrudes its obnoxious presence even in his choicest passages, jarring in amongst the music of his tongue, and poisoning the most gorgeous flowers of his tansy. That blemish is prejudice. There are personages, circumstances, prin. cip!es, and occurrences which Landor cannot behold except through a curtain of prejudice ; his view of them is bturred, and smutched, and clouded by partiality. He thinks strongly and independently, in some instances clearly, but in others he won't listen to anything but the dictates of his blind preconceptions. Every nook and crevice and inlet of his mind are at these moments stuffed up against the pleadings of reason and common sense. In Lord Brougham he altogether denies the existence of genius, likening him to a bag pipe " followed by vile animals in fantastical dresses and, antic gestures, and surrounded by the clamorous and disorderly !" In Napoleon he sees only " what you would ridicule in a gipsy on the road-side," and figura tively considers that he "was pushed into a menagerie of monkeys, and fainted at their grimaces!" What on earth does Mr. Landor mean by those senseless anti thesis, where he says that in Napoleon's latter years of power "he fought without aim, van. quished without glory, and , perished • - without. defeat ?" What on earth is their_ ~meaning ? "He fought without aim ;" • was the preservation of the greatest empire man ever created nothing to aim for ? was the annihilation of legitimacy nothing to aim for ? was the destruction of those foreign armies who were struggling to force a king on the French people against their will nothing to aim for ? "He was vanquished without glory" ; were Lutzen, Bautzen, Champ-Aubert, Montrnirail, Chatteau-Thierry, Vauchamps, and Ligny inglorious ? was the triumphal passage from Elba to the Tuileries inglorious ? was the Champ de Mai, where he virtually proclaimed himself a republican emperor, in glorious ? "He perished without defeat"—that, at least, is true ; we grant that, but with -a different inference from that intended. Such are the stolid and wilful pre judices of Walter Savage Landor ; but, even thus tarnished, his Imaginary Conversations wip live ; they are animated with an abundance of sents-' ments, sarcasm, drollery, reflectiveness, wisdom, and (as we have said before ) wit. Besides all this they have the nerve of originality. Amongst his other compositions, the " Citatimn and Examination of William Shaisspere" is the most ingenious and the most 'venturesome. In the characters of Sir Thomas Lucy and Sir Silas Gough, before whom young Willy is exa mined for deer-stealing, we recognise the pre figuring of Justice Shallow and Sir Hugh Eva ns . Th e scene is pourtrayed with admirable finesse, and the shrewd, pert, adroit, and sarcastic retorts of Shakspere are scarcely unworthy of having re a lly p rocee d e d f rom his lips on that occasion. " The Pentameron," again, is a marvellous performance : it is the communion of such souls as those of Bocca cc i o an d P etrarc h . Th ere i s an idealism and an indistinctness about the tone of their converse which imparts to the whole an elevation and a pathos wholly indefinable, but no less manifest to the reader. In the " Pericles and Aspasia" on the contrary, there is a blithesomeness and a bloom which is utterly irresistible ; it is a combination of the beautiful and the pure, and yet without any diminution of human interest. It revives to us the days of classic Greece, when Alci biades was a boy, when the death of Clytenmestra was shuddered at in the amphitheatres, when those lascivious old dieties of Olympus were believed in and worshipped, and when Cleone bent over her tablets of wax to trace a letter to Aspasia. As a poet we do not, under correc tion, conceive that Walter Savage Landor will stand upon any very exalted pedestal. Yet are the Hellenics of exquisite music, and the Gebi of most choice and beautiful conception. We might also, if such were our object, collate many delicious frag ments of verse from the " Acts and Scenes" which are grouped together towards the conclusion of the second volume. But there is no one poem which can be classed with the masterpieces in our language, and hence we consider Lander as destined to obtain no very extra- • ordinary fame as a bard. Here is a c worthy of Herrick:— : "Often have I heard it said " -That her lips were ruby-red. Little heed I what they say, - ,WP G I have seen as red as they.' Ere she smiled on other men, Real rubies were they then. "When she kist me once in play, Rubies were less bright than they, And less bright were those which shone • rs . • In-the pqlitem2f.the W ill they 4 .lmailkrs42 l .rgaurr Not if kistl.4 - klEbtfr men ! Throughout his writings, LandefbetraySlittle affects. tions, such as the .peculiar-spelling . of iovranty, and the splitting asunder of the word ran not ; but such trivial eecentricitiei we are almost inclined to welcome in the shape, as it were, of authentications. His verses to Charles' Dickens, Robert Browning, Barry Cornwall, Nlattaulay, and .John Forster, indicate his readiness to lavish generous applause upon contemporary bookmen— no mean sign that his heart is pure and sound. These two volumes by Walter Savage Lander are infinitely above the ordinary stamp ; they will live in the libraries and be read by the students of posterity. A HISTORY OF IAVENTIONS, DISCOVE RIES, AND ORIGINS. By John Beckmann, Profissor of Economy in the University of Gottingen. This, the tirst volume of a reprint of Johnston's trans lation of Beckmann's celebrated work " the history of Inventions," a work which may be classed as a com pound of learned research and light _reading, suitable both to the popular reader and the scholar, fixrns one of the nututyrs of Bohn's Standard Library a series in every way worthy of its title. The revision of this edition has been confided to the care cif Drs. Francis and Griffith, who, by the alteration of names, characters, descriptions, and opinions which have become obsolete, or have been discovered to be erroneous, and by numerous additions where such were required, have rendered the work coon• pletely au niveau des connaissances actuelles. MILITARY FLOGGING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—ln the hope that a statement of facts, which carte under my own observation, may tend to strengthen the argument of yourself and others, who are desirous of abolish ing the horrid system of flogging in the navy and army, or, at all events, of preventing any tyrant, who may happen to be placed in the command of any ship of war, from flogging any person without a regular trial by competent authority, I beg to submit the following : During the late war, I was surgeon of a ship in the royal navy; that ship (on one occasion) sailed from Spithead.in the evening (I avoid dates and names), and as soon as we had got clear of the land the captain went round the decks to see that all was in order, when finding an empty cheese cask on the deck, he immediately had the boatswain's mate (whose duty it was to have had the said cask struck down into the" hold) and the unfortunate purser's steward (whe had committed no offence but had emptied the cask in the lbw of his duty), to be tied up and flogged by lanthorn light, without even turning up the ship's company and officers, or requiring the presence of the surgeon, to witness the punish ment. For such conduct the captain ought to have been dismissed the service, but in those days, if anyone complained of his captain he was sure to have his promotion stopped, and many acts of tyranny and oppression were suffered to pass unpunished in consequence thereof. Whilst cruising in the same ship, a seaman being danger ously ill with fever, and the weather being very hut, I repre sented to the qaptain the necessity of having the sick man placed in a cool, airy place, and he was accordingly placed in a screened berth under the half deck. We one day fell in with another man of war, whose captain (an Honourable) came on board to visit our captain, when seeing this screened berth, he asked what it was for? and our captain informed him that the surgeon had considered it necessary for the preservation of the man's life. The lion. Captain replied, “ Put him down into the cockpit, let him die and be d—d." And this man is now, I believe, a member of the House of Lords.—l remain, Sir, &c. July 26. N U iirt.-re>,t 1 rx ,;z, .1:-C, IV ' _••• _...- k, -4. 13cf Nit :4 ME DICUS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sitt,—As Mr. Fox Malik appears to treat the subject of military flogging so lightly, in reply to the humane inquiry proposed by Dr. Bowring in the Commons' House of Parlia ment, permit me to propose that the Hon. Member be re quested to receive only twenty-five lashes, instead of 150, from the same military butchers who so generously but chered poor White, and then perhaps the Hon. Member will speak of military flogging in a much more feeling and humane way, and will doubtlessly use his Parliamentary influence for its immediate and total abolition. Military flogging has very long been considered as a disgrace to a civilised, professing Christian country, by every reason able and thinking individual. Is there a man in England who will dare to swear that poor White's death was not caused by the flogging? Would he have died without the flogging? That is the question for Mr. Fox Manic to an swer, and the people of England will be satisfied as regards poor White —I am, Sir, &c., July 24, 1846. A CONSTANT READER. TO THE LORD JOHN RUSSELL, Sze. My Lord,—l again address you on behalf of my brother colonists, for the delay of the objectionable measure now be fore the House places another day at my disposal. My position as the representative of a Liberal constituency and division of an important county demands that there should be nothing left to conjecture which may elucidate my severance from your Lordship at a time when there is so much confusion in the State. My duty to my country, county, to you, my long adopted leader, and to myself, alike call for the most ample explanation. I still draw my exposition from the colony with which I am so well acquainted. In Berbice there have been 472 sugar estates granted for cultivation, extending over the dis tance, more or less, of 250 miles up the river. Of these all are now abandoned but 35. These 35 estates in the last year made 8,800 hogsheads of sugar; and if you will permit us to obtain labourers for our hire, these estates can be made forthwith to return 35,000 hogsheads of sugar, buildings and conveniences on the spot. It I understand you correctly, you stated that all the free, colonies together were incapable of supplying the sugar re quired for the mother country; but, on consideration, you wail see that my colony of lierbice, let alone her sisters in 13rifish Guiana, Demerara, and Essequibo, if simply placed in due position to receive your free -trade principles, would cover a vast extent of the demand. The 472 estates quoted by me, extending over 259,500 acres, every other acre being made to return one hogshead of sugar, would give, errors excepted, about 130,000 hogsheads for home consumption. If this would be the case, and my argument be correct. why are the constituencies of this country to be led astray by the assertion that we, the colonial children, are unable to maintain our parent in the sugar she requires to reduce her prices and keep her alive without the free admission of the produce of the foreign slave ? Test our capabilities by affording us the full and fair means of honest exertion and emulation, and if we are found wanting, then dismiss us as an useless appendage to a great nation, but do not condemn us without a trial. I bow, my Lord, to your decision, that the cry of imtno rality cannot be fairly raised to prevent the admission of slave sugar; we have transgressed all moral defences on that head too much in cotton, wool, &c., to make such reasoning avail us now • and I, for one, will wear on my arm no s hi e ld with the durability of which I am not conscienti ous ly ac quainted. I simply and steadily call on you, my Lord, for protection, and for protection only, till you enable us to obtain labour and render it available. Your relieving us from local restrictions in our markets, though it sounds well in the ears of casual listeners, and people unacquainted with the true worth of the relief, is scarce a boon at all when compared with the injury and ruin your political measure will inflict upon the helpless, who cry alone for simple justice. Unless we have labour, all you offer is but as a drop of moisture thrown into the ocean ; your gifts will be lost and swallowed up without raising the tide of our affairs above the miserable low-water mark to which it has been so long and ruinously levelled. Had labour been afforded us, as I prayed that it might have been, in 1840, by this time Berbice would have been a flourishing colony, ready to receive and embrace your free trade principles, well able to compete with all the nations in the world from sources sanctioned by law human and divine, an honour to herself, and a splendid support to the mother .country. The navy might have beon manned from her sailor school, and her innate colonial demand for the manu factures of this country been of the most remunerative de scription. as r &benefit ; and, We, the West India body, hive been reduced by faulty legislation to an evil, instead of kept good intention Lord, though I it respectfe com e pensation - money w , 4l „„,,, ie n z ",,„ Pte fiß d t the the e inefficient our rem labour did us :little or price of the mouths ofouoruirganlovreans front trorme e taunt of having sold 'vriaii:geo-oad by - ward , h" l e t for the future struggles. I do not hesitate to charge against the splendid fact of abolition of slavery , that, under legislative error,_ it has be en made to increase the horrors a r i sing from forcible man-cap ture instead of diminishing them. I affirm that a wide and general free-labour system would have done more to diminish the trade in slaves than all the cruisers placed upon the various stations put together. While it is not yet too late let me impress upon the Go vernment the crying necessity for a system of free labour. guarded as you like, but full, free, and sufficient for all pur poses of culture. I call on you, my Lord, for it, in strict ac cordance with your liberal principles! Let the market be open, let us be free to procure labourers whencesoever they will come. Your door at home is not shut against the artisan from any country, though you need them but for luxury; the foreigner in the colony Is necessary to our very existence. - then we have a better right that he should be admitted. W e demand that the Croomen, and all other free tribes, o f what .soever sort or locality, shall be allowed to accept our offers if they approve of them, you, my Lord, taking good and tuffi. cient care that your immigration agents in all the British colonies should watch over and carry out the fair principles a free-agency between the employer and employed.—lour most obedient humble servant, GRANTLEY F. BERKELEY. Berkeley House, July 24. DEATH OF SIR ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL, BART.—WC have to record the decease of the above Baronet, who expired at Garscube, North Britain, on Thursday, at the advanced age of 77 years. The deceased was son of the first Baronet, the Lord 'President of the Council of Session, better known as Lord Succoth. He was horn in 1769, and married in 1795 Miss Balfour, eldest daughter of Mr. Jam es Balfour, of Bal birnie, Fifeshire. In 1809 he was app o i n t e d a Lord of Ses sion, when he assumed the title of Lord Succoth, and subse quently was made Lord of Justiciary. In 1823 be succeeded to the baronetcy on the death of his father, and in the fol lowing year resigned his appointments on a pension. The late Baronet is succeeded in the baronetcy and family eatatea in Dumbartonshire by his eldest son, now Sir John Camp. bell, born in 1798, an d marr i e d i n 1824 to Miss Sitwell, daughter of Mr. F. Sitwell. THE GOODWOOD CUP.—This piece of plate, which has just been completed by the Messrs. Garrard, of the Hay market, from the design of Mr. Cotterill, is an exceedingly rich and elegant vase. The lower portion consists of a nobly shaped cup, and the upper of a flagon, around which is re presented, in complete relief, the picturesque mythological tale of Perseus rescuing Andromeda from the sea monster. This is executed in Mr. Cotterill's best manner. The grace ful form of Andromeda, the beauty and spirit of Pegasus, and the terrible figure of the sea monster, form rich and agreeable contrasts; and the artist has displayed great judgment in so balancing the different masses of the compo sition that whatever view is taken of the vase it presents symmetrical, though diversified figure. The whole . is richly adorned with tastefully designed and elaborate ly finished ornaments ; and the Goodwood Cup of thi s se aten _ seta may safely be pronounced one ofthem d ost ch a ste an d racing plates which have been p r oduce o f per not de cies. 10113 4 6 4 1 0 9 0 5 R, the ret ra to Toic s S. , 4t , ;ar for 5 0 to o e• e e to ~,lie) , y , o ' i t el • l L 1.9 I') 'Tv i 0 ar th e tie e° Ci ti 1 11/1 ,; ft'