The Sun. — London, England, 1846-09-01 00:00:00

Now ready, price 65., bound in morocco cloth, T H E NE W TIM ON; A POETICAL ROMANCE. NEW EDITION, CORRECTED. " One of the most remarkable poems of the present generation. It augurs a resuscitation of our bardic glories."—Sun. " The ' New Timon' is a composition which displays bo'h beauty and power. It belongs to the school of Crabbe."—Literary Gazette. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. 13, Great Marlborough-street. T HE REV. R. COBBOLD'S HISTORY OF MARY ANNE WELLINGTON. DEDICATED, BY PERMISSION, TO HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN DOWAGER. Mr. COLBURN begs to acquaint those interested in the above Work, that it is NOW READY FOR DELIVERY TO THE SUBSCRIBERS. Price 21s. Awry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. NEW WORK BY MRS. ROMER. Now ready, and may be had of all Booksellers, in Two Vols. Bvo , with numerous Engravings. A PILGRIM AGE TO T HE TEMPLES and TOMBS of EGYPT, NUBIA, and PALESTINE, in 1845-6. By Mrs. ROME it. Author of " The Rhone, the Darro, and the Guadalquivir," " Sturmer," &c. " Mrs. Romer is a pleasant gossipping companion. She visited many places of interest, and has described the impressions they made upon her in as exceedingly agreeable style."—Lit. Gazette. " Even after Eothen' and Titmarsh's Tour,' Mrs. Romer's Pilgrimage' will be read with pleasure."—Athemeum. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. (Publisher in Ordinary to her Majesty). RAILWAY SHARES BY PUBLIC SALE. %IESSRS. LAMOND, SMALE, AND LAMOND, Railway Share Auctioneers, beg to thank their Friends and the Public for their continued support and patromage, and to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, &c., take place every TUESDAY and FRIDAY, at One o'clock, at the Hail of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place, favours, containing instructions (with a reference), are respectfully requested to be addressed. All Scrip and Share Certificates must be deposited, the day previous to their being offered ; and advices of results will be forwarded by the first post after the sale, and the proceeds imme diately disposed of according to instructions. Offices, Hall of Commerce. Threadneedle-street. London. THEATRE ROYAL, LYCEUM. ENDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MRS. KEELEY. Triumphant success of another New Burlesque. THIS EVENING The performances will commence with WATCH AND WARD. After which, a New Grand Operatic, Melodramatic, Romantic. Fairy Burlesque Extravaganza, founded on the Opera of " Oberon," entitled THE MAGIC HORN. Principal characters by Messrs. F. Mathews, A. Wigan, Kinleeb, Collier, Yarnold, Bender, Silver, Richards, and Keeley; Miss Keeley, Miss Villars, Miss Fairbrother, Mrs. Woollidge, Miss Arden, Miss Forster, Miss Laidlaw, Miss Bromley, Miss Howard, and Mrs. Keeley. To conclude with the new Farce, entitled LOAN OF A WIFE. Principal characters by Messrs. F. Mathews, A. Wigan, Meadows, Kinloch, and Yarnold ; Mrs. Woollidge and Miss Howard. THEATItE ROYAL, ADELPHI. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MADAME CELESTE. THIS EVENING Will be performed the Comedy of PAUL PRY. Colonel Hardy, Mr. Lambert ; Paul Pry, Mr. Wright ; Grasp, Mr. O. Smith ; Somers, Mr. Worrell; Mr. Stanley, Mr. Thomas; Harry Stanley, Mr. Boyce, Frank Hardy, Mr. Braid ; Witherton, Mr. Selby ; Mrs. Subtle, Mrs Laws ; Marian, Miss E. Harding ; Phcebe, Miss Ellen Chaplin. After which, a Grand M ythological Burlesque Extravaganza, de nominated THE JUDGMENT OF PARIS ; or, The Pas de Pip pins. The characters personated by Messrs. Selby, 0. Smith, Glen- Mare, Linden), Waye, Butler, Williamson, Aldridge, Mitchenson, Alderson, Ryan, Wright, Pant Bedford ; Miss Ellen Chaplin, Miss Taylor, Miss Harrison, Miss Simpson, Mrs. F. Matthews, •&c. To be followed by an original Comic Sketch, called ABRAHAM PARKER. Abraham Parker, Mr. Wright. PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. THIS EVENING Will be performed Shakspere's Comedy (with Music) of TIIE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR. Sir John Falstaff, Mr. Granby; Mr. Ford, Mr. J. Vining; Mr. Page, Mr. Ryder; Sir Hugh Evans, Mr. Charles Mathews; Master Slender, Mr. Compton; Mrs. Page, Madame Vestris ; Mrs. Ford, Mrs. Stirling; Anne Page, Miss Georgians Smithson. After which, an entirely new Serio-Comic: Drama,• entitled, A CURIOUS CASE. Mr. Aubrey, Mr. Vining ; Twiggleton, Mr. Charles Mathews ; Charles Stanton, Mr. Fisher ; Edward, Mr Runner ; Mrs. Aubrey, Mrs. Stirling. To conclude with an entirely New Comic Drama, entitled THE BARBER BRAVO ; or, Ihe Inventor of Powder. In which Mr. Charles Mathews, Mr. Granby, Mr. Wynn, Miss E. Stanley, and Miss E. Honner will perform. DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Lessee, Mrs. Frances Davidge. Txanscendant talent, brilliant success, and crowded houses. Re- Engagensent, for Six Nights more, of the distinguished Tragic Actress, Miss Cushman, and her sister, Miss Susan Cushman, positively their last appearance in London. THIS EVENING Will be performed Shakespere's Tragedy of ROMEO AND JULIET. Romeo, Miss Cushman; Juliet, Mss Susan Cushman ; Nurse, Mrs. Daly; Mercutiq, Mr. E. F. Saville; Capulet, Mr. Heslop ; Benvolio, Mr. Johnson; Tybalt, Mr. Fredericks; Friar Lawrence, Mr. Neville; Apothecary, Mr. W. Smith. After which an entirely new Farce, entitled THE BARBER AND THE BRAVO ; or, The Princess with the Raven Locks. In which 3le.srs. E. F. Saville, Neville, Lewis ; Mrs. E. F. Saville, and Miss E. Terry will perform. To conclude with the favourite Drama of TIIE ROVER'S SECRET. Principal characters by Messrs. Saville, Johnson, Fre dericks, Lewis, Ileslop ; Mrs. Lewis, Miss Terry, &c. Box Office open from eleven till four o'clock. ASTLEY'SI ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. Patronised by her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, and the Princess Royal. " The Merchant's Steed " triumphant. Entire change of Equestrian novelties. Last Week of the highly popular Drama of " The Nameless." THIS EVENING Will be performed the popular Drama of THE STEED OF SY RACUSE ; or, Damon's Flight. Damon, Mr. J. Harwood ; Pythias, Mr. J. Dale ; Calanthe, Mrs. M. Brooks. Assisted by the nu merous Company, double Stud, &c. After which, magnificent SCENES of the HIPPODROME, by the French, German, and British Artistes. The whole concluding with the popular Drama, entitled THE NAMELESS. Box-office open from eleven till five o'clock.—Doors open at six and commence at seven o'clock. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. THIS EVENING Will be performed a most powertld and entirely new Drama of a peculiar and forcible construction, embracing scenes in every grade of life and eventful acts of every day's occurrence, founded on the popular work, "The Mysteries of London," entitled MARK HAM AND GREENWOOD ; or, The Brothers' Career. Markham, Mr. Seaman; Greenwood, Mr. Walton; Tidkins, Mr. Searle; Ste phens, Mr. Anker ; Count Alteroni, Mr. Higgie ; Ellen, Mrs. H. Vining; Isabella, Mrs. Li e. After which, the Burlesque of FAYRE ROSAMONDE. Fayre Rosamonde, 3lr. Formiin. To conclude with DOMINIQUE, THE DESERTER ; or, The .Gentleman in Black. Under the Patronage of her Most Gracious Majesty. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. EVERY MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, AND THURSDAY. VIEW of NAPLES, ERUPTION of VESUVIUS, DESTRUC TION of HERCULANEUM and POMPEII, in the year 79. A richly ornamented GOTHIC BRIDGE of STATUES has been constructed, which will be brilliantly Illuminated at Night. The PROMENADE CONCERTS, conducted by Mr. Godfrey. CALYPSO'S FAIRY GROTTO, representing in the Interior Telemachus relating his adventures to Calypso. The PYROTECHNIC DISPLAYS, by Mr. Southby, are on the moat complete and effective scale. Preceding the Volcanic Display, Mons. FARINELLI will descend from a Chinese Pagoda, seventy feet in height, to the surface of the lake, where a Naiad's Cat will rise to receive Lim, and bear him to his chrystal home. The Glass Conservatory is splendidly ornamented with festoons of lamps, enabling the visitors to view the matchless collection of Carnivora by gas-light. Feeding of the Carnivore at half-past five; the Pelicans, &c., at OLX ; Concert at half-past six ; and the Eruption at dusk. TO-MORROW, September 2, The Boys of the Greenwich Hospital School, with their splendid Band, will pay their Annual Visit to the Gardens. On this occasion, in addition to the matchless attractions of the Gardens, there will be a brilliant Display of Fireworks on and in the Water, representing a Naval Engagement between a Br.tish Frigate and a Pirate, the Bands playing " Britons strike Home," and "Rule Britannia.' The Scho',l will arrive at four o'clock. ADMITTANCE, ONE SHILLING. THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, AUGUST 31. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 57; Highest. 72 ; Noon, 71. BAROMETER, 30 24.—WIND N.E., fine. HIGH WATER AT LONDON-BRUME THIS D.Y. Morning .. 3 minutes after 9. f Evening .. 46 minutes after 9. g c N 1 V _ ° - m (1> -4 t e 13RO)T ~~~1 !=}:~ iriornin 5Am4 LONDON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 1846. The Select Committee appointed, on the motion of Mr. MORRISON, to inquire whether, without dis couraging legitimate enterprise, conditions may not be embodied in Railway Acts better fitted than ' those hitherto inserted in them, to promote and se cure the interests of the public, have just published their second report. It is to be regretted, that the difficulties interposed in the way of procuring data, on which to found their conclusions, the delays expe rienced in obtaining returns on subjects connected with the inquiry, have prevented the Committee from presenting their report at an earlier period. Much, however, that is valuable can even yet be obtained from the document. One of the principal recommendations there put forward has been already partially acted on, by the appoint ment of the new Railway Board, the Bill constituting which received the royal assent on Friday,' just before the prorogation of Parliament, and although the powers thereby conferred are not, as we conceive, si ifflcient for the attainment of the objects contem paLlted, we are assured on the highest authority that th , a Bill was only the framework of future legislation with respect to railways. we may, therefore, confi dently anticipate that the leisure afforded by the recess will be turned to good account, and that the persons selected for those important duties may, on the next meeting of Parliament, be fully prepared with mea sures to secure the great desideratum—an efficient system of control and supervision applicable to all railways at present existing or to be constituted hereafter. The report points out one of the chief defects in the existing m o d e of procedure before the Legis ,lature, in adjudicating on important public in tcrests, although coming before it in the Alpe of private Bills, viz., that it supplies no adequate means for obtaining a knowledge of the real merits of measures to other parties than those who , support or oppose them. Too often the opposition is • bought off, and a measure is passed sub silentio, although it may be very injurious to the p u blic generally, or certainly not be the line be st calculated to a fford the requis ite accommodation to the nation. - .Many may see the mischief likely to take place, but they will not willingly incur the heavy expense and annoyance to which they would be subjected, if they entered opposition against such a Bill. Committees hitherto have rather selected the best of the projects brought before them, than in quired whether there might not be some other plan far better than any of those submitted to their investi gation. This error will be remedied for the future by the strict examination to which every new project will be exposed by the new Commissioners before it is brought before Parliament. It will be a part of the duty of the board to exercise the functions of an avocat da liable, and to seize on and expose any blot or imperfection that may exist in the scheme. As to the lines that have already been constructed, or those which have received the sanction of the Legislature, the mischief is irremediable, and we can only look forward to the adoption of such means as will make the management so efficient, the working of the rail ways in every respect, both as regards the fares to be demanded, and the accommodation to be afforded to the public, so beneficial, that the inconveniences will be reduced to the lowest possible amount. It may be said that this may be productive of an undue interference with private property, and that it would be inequitable and unjust now to impose re strictions which were not thought of when the under takings were originally proposed, or when they re ceived the sanction of Parliament. This argument, however, cannot prevail, as the right of the State to deal with the property of its subjects for the public benefit has ever been fully recognised and acted upon, giving the parties fair compensation ; and it would be peculiarly inapplicable in the case of railway com panies, every one of which have taken by compulsion the property of individuals on the plea of the public interest ; besides, powers have been reserved in all Bills, whether for the construction of new lines or the extension of old, which have been passed within the last two sessions, for the revision and regulation of the scales and charges whenever it it should be deemed necessary, and there are few in deed of the railways throughout the country which have not voluntarily submitted themselves to that control and superintendence. The report urges in the strongest manner the right to subject the railways to this control, and its urgent necessity ; it points out that the roads of a country, from the very nature of things, are public concerns, and that they must be kept free from obstructions rthat in this country, from the remotest periods, the right of the SOVEREIGN, as representing the nation, has always been allowed — hence the term " King's highway ;" and though power was from time to time given to associations locally interested to make and repair roads, and to levy tolls thereon, that was but a delegated authority, and never amounted to a permanent transfer ; the public having always possessed the right of controlling the trustees and withdrawing from them the management of the highways included in their trust, a right which has been re peatedly exercised in our own times. It then urges the paramount importance of railways, and lays down the doctrine "that if it be necessary for the public welfare that a country should never divest itself in perpetuity of its right of property in ordinary highways, it is still more important that it should not part with the right to control its railways." It fully and clearly points out that a railway company must exercise a complete monopoly, that the public cannot count on being relieved by competition from the abuse of power on their part. The deduction from this is pretty obvious—that a monopoly subject to no responsibility, and under no efficient check or control, is necessarily an intolerable abuse, that can only he rendered innoxious by sub jecting it to a rigorous control and supervision. A most interesting historical sketch is given of the rise and progress of the railway system in the differ ent countries of Europe ; the errors, the mistakes that were committed in its infancy, and the means adopted for their correction, are fully and clearly set forth. Belgium receives the applause of the Com missioners as being the only country in which the Government adopted a systematic plan from the commencement, to which it afterwards strictly adhered—a plan that embraced the whole kingdom, and had exclusively for its object to communicate, at the cheapest possible rate, the benefit of railways equally to every part of its population. The lines in Belgium were originally all undertaken by the Government, and begun and completed by the means of loans; by which means . the fares have been fixed at an exceedingly low rate of late years. Several lines of railways have been con ceded to private companies, for terms of years, on terms beneficial to the public. In France, some lines were at first undertaken by private companies and others by the Government itself, till at length, in 1842, a plan was formed by which those means of communication should be created, and connected with each other according to a fixed system, of which the first general rule was, that the great lines should run from Paris to the frontiers, both by land and sea ; the next to select the directest and shortest lines, and the plan of leasing the lines to private companies was recommended. This plan has ever been acted on since, and the lines are conceded for terms of years, varying from ninety-nine to twenty-five. In Austria, Prussia, and the other German States, the construction of the lines have generally been con , ceded to private companies, either for terms of years, or until the capitals have been recouped by ' means of sinking funds, with rights of purchase, re vision of the fares, &c., &c., but in every instance the lines revert to the Government at some period. In this country alone the possession of lines in perpetuity was allowed. This neglect on the part of our successive Govern ments is lamented by the Commissioners. We can not, however, believe that the mischief is so great as it is represented to be ; the right of control is ad mitted on all sides, and that being the case we cannot regret that our Government acted on the wise prin ciple of non-interference with legitimate speculation. England is essentially a commercial nation, and the greatest possible degree of freedom should be conceded to every enterprise : it is to that , we owe our greatness as a nation, and we shall not be injured, because the wealth and capital that has been created by the construction of railways has found its way into the coffers of individuals in place of the exchequer of the nation. The report goes to a con siderable length, and it is impossible to devote a greater space thereto this day. We shall, however, return to the subject on an early occasion. [We are aware that Mr. MORRISON has addressed a letter to the Times, which we publish in another column, stating that he prepared the draught of the report, which was simply laid before the Committee, but as it is published as a Parliamentary paper, we have treated it as what it professes to be, viz., as the report of the Committee.] So frequently have we had occasion to insist upon the necessity of measures being adopted for the pro motion of cleanliness among our labouring classes, that we rejoice the late session was not brought to a conclusion before Parliament had taken the matter into consideration, and had afforded the new system the approbation and patronage of Government. Im mediately before the prorogation of the two Houses, namely, on Wednesday last, the royal assent was given to the Bill for encouraging the establishment of Public Baths and Washhouses. Nothing could have formed a better preliminary to the social reforms an ticipated from, and in many instances guaranteed to the people by, the RUSSELL Administration. What the present Ministry have principally undertaken to accomplish, and what the population princi pally expect them to perform, is a reorga nization of the internal and domestic arrange ments of the empire. They are to introduce proper and wholesome ventilation into the densest quarters of our towns and cities through the inter position of certain building enactments : they are to prevent the poisoning of our river -waters, and the exhalation of pestilential vapours by a novel alteration in the sewerage : they are to increase the comfort of the inhabitants of cities, and to render the cities themselves more salubrious by supplying them with additional quanties of fresh water : they are to modify some of the pernicious and pestiferous incon veniences of our present system of interment; and, by other minor and collateral proceedings, they are to endeavour to in - Trove the sanatory and moral con dition of the poorer classes of the United Kingdom. Remembering that these things form a considerable portion of the Ministerial programme, we look upon the acceptance of the Bill already particularised as a propitious circumstance in the inauguration of that ' Ministry. The Act for the Encouragement of Municipal and other Authorities in the Erection of Public Baths and Washhouses, is nothing more than a Legislative sanction of whomsoever may be induced to undertake the construction of such edifices and the formation of such establishments. Substantially it is merely the Government patronage of an extensive scheme. Go vernment has not empowered its officers to interfere in any undue or unnecessary manner in the prosecu tion of this project. The Act enables the councils of all municipal boroughs in the three kingdoms, all parochial vestries in England, and all town commis sioners in Ireland, to form local baths and washhouses for the convenience of the popu lation in the vicinity, and to discharge all expenses thereby incurred out of the local rates. It facilitates the purchase of land for the proposed undertakings, and sanctions loans fro:n the Public Works' Loan Commissioners—those loans being re paid by instalments of twenty years. The permis sion of the Secretary for the Home Department is requisite for the adoption of the Act; and loans can only be obtained under the express approval of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury. Nothing, we conceive, could well be more salutary than this limited patronage of the Executive ; individual, or, we should rather say, local, enterprise would have been nullified had the Government taken the entire system into its own hands ; while, under the present arrangement, a kind of stability is afforded to the local enterprises of this nature by the direct sanction afforded them by Government. Now that extraordinary facilities_ are afforded to our parochial and municipal authorities, we cordially hope that public baths and washhouses will be springing up in all directions—in the metropolis, in the manufacturing towns, and in the rural districts. by affording to the humbler members of the com munity opportuities for insuring their personal and domestic cleanliness, let it be remembered that the poor will be healthier in body, more prone to morality and moderation, and more elevated and purified as thinking beings. Nor will the erection of such esta blishments be any cause of pecuniary annoyance to the districts in which they may be undertaken ; on the contrary, experience has shown that such struc tures form a safe and even lucrative investment for capital. When such baths and washhouses are scattered throughout the country, our industrial classes will be better able to bring muscle and alacrity to their employment; they will less frequently be a burden upon our parishes as ailing paupers ; they will be more domesticated, and on that account more civilised; they will find the companionship of the schoolmaster more agreeable than that of the publican. A letter from Leghorn, of the 22d, states that the earthquakes in that city have at length ceased. The number of persons killed is reported at 70, and 180 have been wounded. A great number of houses have been destroyed, and 4,000 persons have in conse quence been deprived of shelter. _ _ A letter from Rome of the 15th instant contains the following : " A subscription having recently been opened at Rome for the benefit of such of the amnestied prisoners as were without the means of subsi*tence, and for which con siderable sums had been collected, the Pope sent for M. Marini, the Governor of the city, and anxiously inquired from him as to the object of it. M. Marini replied that he attributed a dangerous political motive to the sub scribers, but that he would not venture to give his ad vice on the subject. The Pope, after some moments' reflection, desired the list to be handed to him, and in scribed the name of his own family for 100 scudi, and that of M. Marini for 10 scudi, and ordered the list to be sentto all the principal houses in Rome. It is by such traits of delicacy that his Holiness wins every heart." The POPE and Cardinal Gun have nearly com pleted their programme of contemplated reforms. It is said that the Austrian Ambassador, to whom its contents have been communicated, has in vain remon strated against its publication. It is rumoured in Rome that the following appointments will shortly take place :--Prince BORGHESE, Treasurer ; Prince ALTIERI, Minister of War ; and Prince PIOMBLWO, Minister of Police and Governor of Rome. At Bologna the rejoicings in celebration of the amnesty had been renewed for two days. During the night of the first day the partisans of the ancient regime daubed the placards, containing the decree of amnesty with mud, and effaced the POPE'S portrait from some of them. In the morning it was with the greatest difficulty that the people were r . _ summary vengeance on the perpetrators of this outrage. New placards were posted, and the people paraded the streets crying, " Viva Pius 1X.," " Viva the Italian Confederation," " Death to the tyrant." They posted a regular watch at night to defend the placards. A member of the late Military Commission, named ZAMA, was stabbed during the emeute. At Padua some young men uttered cries of " Viva Pius IX., King of Italy," which nearly occasioned a collision with the Austrian troops. We extract the following from the Universal Ger. man Gazette of the 24th instant:— " The King of Prussia has just been handed a letter from Ali, Raja of Riouw, an island in the China Seas, lying north of Sumatra, under the following circum stances :—M. Roettger, a Protestant Missionary, whose functions called him to Riouw in 1834, on his return to Prussia spoke with great praise and gratitude of the cordial reception given by the Raja to his colleagues and himself, and the humane treatment they had re ceived during an eight years' residence in the country. In acknowledgment fur this hospitable reception the King, upon the recommendation of M. Roettger, sent some splendid presents to the Raja, consisting of chandeliers, girandoles, musical clocks, a rich vase, and gold and silver tissues, accompanied with an autograph letter from his Majesty. These presents were carried over by M. Roettger, who took his departure in 1844, and presented by him in due course, with the King's letter, to the Raja. The latter, in return, has sent a letter of thanks, accompanied by a dagger in a golden scabbard, and some javelins with golden ornaments." Count CASTIGLIONE, the General Commandant of Cracow, has published a proclamation, refuting the exaggerated reports of expected disturbances which have recently been rife in Germany. These reports had their origin in the fact that certain emissaries of the disaffected had been arrested in Austrian Gallicia. The Nuremberg Correspondent of the 24th says : " The Duke of Holstein, Danish Minister at Frank fort, has communicated to the Diet of that city the re sult of the examination made by the Commission relative to the succession to the Duchies of Schleswick, Holstein, and Lauenbourg. The document so presented contains the legal development of the opinion put forth in the King's letter—that the lex regia applies to ;he whole of the duchy of Schleswick. The pretensions of the two collateral lines—that is to say, of the lines of Sonder bourg and of the younger line of Gottorst are repre sented as unfounded. As to Holstein the document states that no protest has been made by the last Duke." Madrid papers of the 23d and 24th August have arrived. It would appear from the following passage in the Heraldo, the official organ of the Court, that the marriage of the QUEEN of SPAIN with Don FRAN CISCO D'Assis was considered as settled, and that there is every probability of a matrimonial alliance taking place between the Infante Donna Louisa and Don ENRIQUE:- " We have long declared that we considered it highly desirable to effect the marriage of the Queer as soon as possible, and no spirit of party shall ever cause us to raise any obstacle to so happy an event. We have no objection to make to the proposed arrangement ; we have demanded for Isabella 11. a prince of libaral ideas, and a Spaniard—Don Francis d'Assis is both. As to the union of the Infanta Louisa Charlotte we see nothing against it, and we only wait for the decision of our Sovereign to conform to it with respect." The Heraldo of the 24th announces the arrest at Saragossa of a former Aide-de-Camp of General Es- PARTERO. He was residing there as the agent of a gas company. The Militar Espanol denies that General FLORES has received any assistance or protection from the Government in getting up his expedition against the Republic of the Ecuador, or that the Government ha removed any obstacles in the way of his recruiting Colonel ilthaus DE BRoscu and his fellow-pri soners, accused of conspiracy against the State, have been unanimously acquitted. The Conde di Thomar (COSTA CAnRAL) has left Madrid for Cadiz. Senor GONZALES BRAVO was to leave Lisbon on the 20th. The Gazette announces that 1,725 inscriptions of Five per Cent. Stock, to the amount of 700,000,000 reals, proceeding from the creation of the 700,000,000 reals authorised by the law of June 16, 1840, and 586 inscriptions of Three per Cent. Stock, representing a sum of 20,000,000 reals, received in payment of national property, would be burned in thirty days from the present date. McDuw BOLSA, AUG. 24.—The Three per Cents. THE SUN, LONDO N , TUESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 1, 1846. were done at 34 for cash ; the Four per Cents. at 214; the Five per Cents. at 22 ii ; the Debt without In terest, at 64 ; and the Coupons, at 201. We have received the Paris papers of Friday and Saturday. The Journal des Debats publishes the sentence passed by the Court of Peers upon IIaNRI, viz., hard labour for life. HENRI himself seemed disappointed at the sentence. When the Registrar of the Court read the judgment to him, " That is not what I expected," said he, after a moment of silence, "I wished for a capital con viction, and I implored to be put to death as a fa vour and as an act of grace." The following account of his behaviour since his sentence is from the Con stitutionnel of Saturday. " When the registrar of the Court of Peers proceeded to read the sentence of the Court to the regicide Joseph Henri the latter trembled convulsively, and a sudden paleness covered his features, in which intense anxiety was depicted. After having heard his sentence, he ap peared to be much shocked. ' I would have preferred death to infamy,' said he; ` I expected something else.' The following morning M. Baroche, his advocate, called at the prison to console his client. Henri became calm. He spoke at great length, but incoherently and uncon ■ectedly. lie expressed his intention to address a petition to the King to pray him to commute the penalty of hard labour to that of transportation. Since his con viction Joseph Henri has declared, in the most formal manner, that there were no projectiles in his pistols. When some doubt was expressed on this point, he added that he was ready to furnish proofs of the truth of his assertion. He then indicated the place where he con cealed a written paper, containing the exact recital of all the preparations he had made to induce a belief that his attempt was serious." - The proceedings connected with the petition to the Chamber of Deputies against the return of Mt DESSAIGNE for Vendome, bid fair to give rise to a ques tion of privilege,. which may be regarded as a pendant to the celebrated STOCKDALE and HANSARD case, of the British House of Commons. His return was petitioned against on the score of corruption, and he has commenced a prosecution for libel against those who signed the petition. All the Opposition Members and the Opposition papers protest against such a pro ceeding, as calculated to destroy altogether the right of petition. The Ministerialists, on the contrary, de fend the conduct of M. DESSAIGNE, and declare, that if the statements of the petitioners are well founded they need be under no apprehension. On Saturday the Chamber having finished the veri fication of the powers of its Members, proceeded to elect its officers. M. SAUZET was elected President by a large majority, the numbers being— For M. SAUZET 223 M. 0. BARROT 9B M. DUPIN M. DUPONT (de l'Eure) 4 M. LAMARTINE 2 The results of the elections for Vice-President, Questors, and Secretaries were not known when the post left. On Friday the Association pour la Liberte des Echanges held its first public meeting in Paris, in the Salle ➢Zontesquieu, the Due DITARCOURT being in the chair. The Noble Duke, in opening the pro- ceedings, said— " Our project is very simple. We demand that la bour be free in its elements of production and markets, and that there should be no privileged labour prejudicial to general labour. After the liberty of man, the liberty of thought and of the press, the most essential is the liberty of trade. We will demand it with ardour. Our noble country is sufiicienty wise, sufficiently great to enjoy the fulness of its rights. We will thus accomplish the designs of Providence, which has lavished its bless ings upon us in order that we should enjoy them. If free trade be calculated to render men more h appy, it must for the same reason render them better. Men become enlight ened by the facility of their relations and their transac tions. They will soon discover that it is preferable for them to exchange the fruits of their productions and labour, than tear them from ench other and con tend for them by what was formerly called war, and which at the present period we would call barbarism. We expect to meet many obstacles on our way, for those who enjoy monopoly and privileges will not easily consent to part with them. But we will triumph over their resistance. We rely on your zeal and perse verance; we also rely on your purses; for, gentlemen, in our days little can be effected without money." An explanatory declaration, of which the Com merce gives the following resume, was then read : "They declare in this document that the Free-trade Association does not contest the right of imposing on goods passing the frontier duties destined for the com mon expenses, provided they be determined by the sole consideration of the wants of the Treasury. But as soon as the duty, losing its fiscal character, has for its object the rejection of foreign produce, to the detriment of the revenue itself, in order to raise the price of a similar article produced at home, and thus to injure the community for the profit of one class—from that instant protection manifests itself, and that principle it is which the Association hopes completely to efface from our laws. Although the Association pursues the complete removal of the protective system, it does not follow that it requires such a reform to be accomplished in one day, or to be the result of one vote. Even to revert from evil to good, from an artificial state of things to a natural sttuation, requires prudential precautions. These details of execution belong to the State ; the mission of the Association is to propagate and to popu larise the principle. As to the means which it intends to employ, they never will be otherwise than legal and constitutional. In fine, the Association stands aloof from all party politics. It does not place itself at the service of any particular branch of trade, of any class, or of any portion of the country. It embraces the cause of general interest, which, under all its bearings, is identical with that of the public consumer." The meeting was addressed by MM. LEON FAUCHER, RIGLES, and BLANQUI. The proceedings concluded by the opening a subscription to defray the expenses of the agitation. The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on Saturday at 83f. 70c. ; the Five per Cents., 121 f 30c. ; the Orleans Railroad Shares, 1,273 f. 75e. ; Rouen, 960 f. ; Great Northern, 711 f. 25c. ; Avignon, 9161. 25c. ; Vierzor, 626 f. 25c. ; Bordeaux, 573 f. 75c. ; Pai is and Strasburg, 4961 . 25c.; Tours and Nantes, 506 E 25c.; Paris and Lyons, 5271. 50c.; Lyons and Avignon 492 f. 50c. ; Bordeaux and Cette, 4851. ; Spanish Actives, 33 1 / 2 ; ditto Three per Cents., 36 1 ; ditto Passives, 5 1 / 2 . The following are the quotations for nesv lines MARSEILLES, Atm. 25.—Marseilles and Avignon, 9121. 50c.; Northern, 7121. 50c. ; Paris and Lyons, 5251. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, AUGUST 29. Dutch Rhenish, 6!,5 —East Indian, %—Great Western Bengal, IA —Luxembourg, I% —Namur and Liege, 2 3 ,4 Orleans and Vierson, 15 —Orleans and Bordeaux, B'7 s —Paris and Lyons Constituted, 5h —Paris and R0uen,;3714. THE MARQUIS OF WATERFORD.—We are glad to learn, from good medical authority, that the health of the above-named nobleman is so far restored as to remove all uneasiness as to his ultimate recovery. General Lord Stafford met with a serious accident at his seat in Herts, by his horse having fallen. His Lord ship broke both bones of his riOit leg. He was brought to town by railway, and is now under the care of Mr. G. Guthrie.— Observer. THE QUEEN'S SPEECH.—The royal speech reached Bristol last evening in an express edition of The Sun news paper, which was courteously forwarded direct to this office from the Great Western Railway station.—kristol Mercury. We feel much'indebted to 1 he Sun newspaper for being in possession ()flier Majesty's speech on Friday evening. This is one of very many instances of public spirit and speed of publication for which The Sun has long been esteemed.—Buth ✓ournal. THE LATE GENERAL NOTT.—Lord John Russell, we understand, has given one of the best livings in his gift to a son of the late General Nott. The gallant officer did not live long enough himself to enjoy the fruits of his dis tinguished services. Acts of this kind go a great way to strengthen a Government in the feelings of a people so accustomed to the abuse of patronage as to be really grateful for its honest distribution. The Bishop of Barbadoca had an interview with Earl Grey on Saturday at the Colonial-office. Mr. Pigot had &so an interview with his Lordship. EAST INDIA MUSEUM.— On Saturday the Museum of the East India Company, in Leadenhall-street, was closed to visitors for the entire month of September, for the purpose of making some improvements in the accommodation as well as completing the new geological room for the exhibition cf the numerous specimens of fossil remains, &c. brought from Cen tral India, and to which a large collection has recently been added by the researches of Dr. Falconer and others in the Himalaya mountains. DREADFUL ACCIDENT AT THE BIRKENHEAD DOCKS. —Last evening, as the workmen were engaged at the ware houses in course of erection on the margin of the new docks at Birkenhead a scaffold gave way, and a number of men were precipitated to the ground, burying several of them under thousands of bricks. Four were very seriously in jured. They were immediately attended by Mr. Jermatte, surgeon, who had them removed to the hospital. and admi nistered proper medical assistance to them. Their injuries are very serious, but it is hoped they will eventually recover. The following is a list of the parties more seriously injured : —Patrick Moran, 33 years, labourer, St. Anne-street; Terry M'Coen, 30 years, labourer, Oak-street; John Conway, 30 years, labourer, Albert-terrace; Henry Roach, 35 years, labourer, 4. Wood-street. They were all married men— Liverpool Journal of Saturday. SAINT GEORGE-IN THE-EAST CHURCH-RATES.—In consequence of the refusal of the parishioners of Saint George-in-the-East to make a rate for the payment of or ganists and others connected with the performance of church service, the Rev. Bryan King, the rector, got up a choir, about three weeks ago, and yesterday preached a charity sermon, for the purpose of defraying the expenses consequent thereon. Amongst other observations, he said that he was happy to think the time had come when the Church would be able to do its duty by itself, without calling in the aid of heretics, sectarians, or atheists. The collection amounted to upwards of 11/. The population comprises more than 40,000 persons. DETERMINED SUlClDE.—Yesterday a young woman committed suicide under the following circumstances, in the River Thames, near Battersea :—lt appears that the deceased hired a boat, giving directions to the waterman to land her at Putney-bridge. During the passage, she pretended to be asleep, but when between Battersea and Putney, she jumped overboard and almost immediately disappeared, floating away with the tide. Every possible exertion was made to save the deceased, but unsuccessfully. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. (From The Sun of Last Nigbt.) The Cotton Market at Liverpool on Saturday was rather active. Sales 10,000 bales, at former rates to a slight advance. Shares were steady, but not generally higher. There is not a single arrival of the least interest in the City to-day. An Act, passed during the lust session of the Ame rican Legislature, of considerable importance relative to foreign coins, has, we are assured, not. received due publicity in this country. We therefore draw attention to it:— " An Act to establish the value of certain foreign coins and moneys of account, and to amend existing laws. " Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representd tires of the United States in Congress assembled, That in all computations at the Custom-house, the Foreign coins and moneys herein specified, shall be estimated as fol lows, to wit :—The Specie dollar of Sweden and Nor way at one hundred and six cents. The specie dollar of Denmark at one hundred and five cents. The Thaler of Prussia and of the northern States of Germany, at sixty-nine cents. The florin of the southern states of Germany at forty cents. The florin of the Austrian empire and of the city of Augsberg, at forty-eight and one half cents. The lila of the Lombardo Venetian kingdom, and the lira of Tuscany, at sixteen cents. The franc of France, and of Belgium, and the lira of Sardinia, at eighteen cents. six mills. The ducat of Naples, at eighty cents. The pound of the British provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, New foundland and Canada, at four dollars. " And all laws inconsistent with this Act are hereby repealed." In the corn market this morning there is all but a panic. Wheat is quoted 4s per quarter lower. Barley, on the contrary, is on the rise. In Foreign Wheat sales cannot be made under a fall of 3s per quarter. The accounts from the country are almost all satisfactory as as to the quality and yield of the harvest. The Funds have been very firm indeed this morning. The few bargains that have been made in Consols were principally for cash, to be delivered to-morrow. The present value of Consols for the Account is 96k k, and for Money 96*. The premium upon Exchequer bills has been at 18s. Upon India Bonds (under 1,0001.) the rate now is 30s. premium. Bank Stock is rather lower, 208 i. The only bargains requiring notice to-day are those in Mexican Five per Cents., which have improved to 27. Brazil Stock is firm, at 90; Spanish Three per Cents. at 37f I for the Account, and the Dutch Two•and-a-Half per Cents. at 591. The Railway Share market is comparatively dull, as to prices, to-day. The adjustment of the account is going off well. eICE CLOSING PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. Bank Stock 208 L/2 3 per Cent. Reduced Arms...— 96 1 4 9638 3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 9 6 1, 96% New VA per Cent. Annuities 98% 1 / 2 4% 98 1 / 2 Long Annuities toexpire Jan.lB6o 10% 7-16 10 7-16 Ditto 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 lO 3-16 10% India Bonds, 1,0001 — Ditto under 1,000/. ... ..... 3O p 30 p Consols for Account..... ...... 96%,% 96% Exchequer Bills, 1,0004 1 1 ,0 20 18 pm. 18 Ditto 500/. .. -.. 17 20 pm. 20 Ditto Small ONE CLOSING I'RICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK PRICES Brazilian Bonds Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 tier Cent — Ditto Account Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846 26% 26% Ditto, Account Ditto Small Portuguese Bonds, 4 per Cent .. 43% 44% Ditto, Account 44 46 Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840. Ditto, Account 2 61 26 1 % Ditto, Passive Ditto. 3 per Cent 37 37% Ditto, Account 3714% 37% Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent 42 _ 42 . . Dividends on the above payable in London. Dutch, 2 1 A per Cent . Ditto. 4 per Cent. Certificates 94 3 4 % 95 PRICES OF BUSINESS DONE CLOSING RAILWAY SHARES PAID ' AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES. Aberdeen Amber.. Nott , Boston, and Eastern Junction 2%..... 2% 2 2 14 Birmin. and Gloucester. 100 Ditto New 17% Birmingham and Ox ford Junction Buckinghamshire Caledonian Ditto Half Shares...... 2% 1 1,.. ..... ..... 1 1 A Cambridge and Oxford.. IN l% 13,/, Churnet and Blythe Cornwall Direct Northern Eastern Counties 14/. 165....... 23% 22% ..... 23% Ditto Perpetual, 5 per Cent, No. 1. 6/. 13s. 4d.... Ditto ditto. No. 2... 61. 13s. 4d... 3% p % p Do., York Extension.. 105....... 2% 1 A 2% East Lancashire East Lincolnshire .. ... %1/ 2 l, ~2 Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 ..... 72 Ditto Half Shares ... 10 Ditto, Quarter Shares 12% ...... 17% 17% Ely and Huntingdon ... 7 %...... Grand Union (Notting and Lynn Great South. and West. (Ireland) Great North of Eligland..100 Ditto, New Great Western B5 l4B ' 148 Ditto 1 4 Shares Hull and Selby 5O Do. Half Shares Ipswich & Bury St. Edm. 9 Leeds and Bradford Leicester and Tann vr., ticc. 423. — Lpool., Mnchstr, & New castle Junction London and Brighton... 50 London and Croydon, 131. 15s. 9d. 23% London and Greenwich 12/ 1554 d... 9% - London and N. Westernloo Do. Quarters .. Do., do., New Shares.. Lond. & S. Western 41/ 6s 10d 7 2 14 71 Do. New Consol. Bths 40 Do. New London and York 2IA. 2%14 _ 2 14 Do. IA Shares Lynn and Dereham Londonderry&Coleraine 12%....... ...... 5 l/ .: Manchester and Leeds .. 82 Ditto 1 A:. Shares Do. Extension 42s. Manchester and Birmin. 40 Do. Quarters (B) ...135 Do. Quarters (C). 1 Manchester,Buxton,and • - Matlock 425....... 130/ 2 p l l /2 P Manchest. & Southampt. 2 . 1 1 / 8 1 Midland Do. New Newcastle and Darling ton Junction 25 ...... 43 ... ...... ... .. 43 Do. New Newark. Sheffield, and Boston ... .. .. 1%..... 3 / 4 ... ........ Norfolk . ... _. . Do. half Shires Do. Extension North British ... ..... ... 25 ......39' 39. __.. Do. Half Shan s ll ...... 17% 17% Do. Carlisle Extens. 1 1 4 4%%...„ ...... 4% North Staffordshire 42s. ...... 3% p ...... —... 3 3 % p Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Reading, Guildford, and Reigate Rugby, Leamington,snd Warwick Shrewsbury and Birm... 2 1 ,4 2 3... .... ... 3 Shropsk ire Union South Midland 42s. South Ea-tern & Dover 33/ 2s 4d... 44 44 Do.. No. 4 Swans. & Loughor & Ca- meron's Stni. Coal. 2 ••• ...... • ••• Vale of Neath West Riding Uni0n...... 425. York and Carlisle 2 3 /4 York and North Midland 50 Do. Extension Do. East and Westßid ing Extension FOREIGN RAILWAYS. Boulogne and Amiens... 14 ...... 13% -1 4.. Dutch Rhenish 6 East Indian ... ss. Great Western Bengal... ss. Nn ofFraneeConstituted 5 Orleans and Vierzon ... 10 Orleans and Bordeaux... 6 ...... 8 3 / 4 West Flanders ...... 6 .... ... 13 Vii 15 *8 3 4 414 PUBLIC OFFICES (WHITEHALL) A Return "of the Expense incurred already in the recent ad ditional Building and Alterations in the several Public Offices in Whitehall and the immediate neighbourhood ; distinguishing the Number of Rooms, and for what pur poses added, as well as the Expenditure on Account of each separate Department; also, a Copy of the Original Estimata of the Architect." PRIVY COUNCIL OFFICE. Cost of the alterations at the Privy Council Office, 17,612!. Fifteen additional rooms have been obtained for an increase of accommodation for clerks, office-keeper, and housekeeper. Architect's original estimate (including com mission, &c.), 10,473/. BOARD OF TRADE. Cost of the alterations at the Office of the Board of Trade, 8,968/. Twenty-four additional rooms have been obtained for an increase of accommodation for clerks, office-keeper, and housekeeper. Architect's original estimate (including commission, &c.), 5,3851. ARCHITECT'S ORIGINAL ESTIMATE. The architect reports, that his estimates were not, and could not be, in detail; that they were general calculations only, and, to a great extent, conjectural: That, owing to the uncertainty as to the amount of work that might be required, the alterations could not be, and were not, con tracted for at a gross sum, but have been undertaken at prices according to the amount of work executed : That the excess of cost beyond the amount of the original estimates, relates only to works of absolute necessity, and not of dura tion, involving, in the present case, the reconstruction of an entire story of the Privy Council Office, a greater sacrifice of the old stone-work than was expected, and other heavy con tingencies not provided for : That, in fact, the extra works are such only as could not be foreseen in altering an old building : That with respect to the completion of the front towards NVhitehall, forming part of the Home Office, it is not likely that there will be any excess upon the estimated cost of it, inasmuch as the building will be entirely new, and ha been tendered for at a gross sum below th e amount of the original estimate. (Signed) MORPETFI Commissioners of her Majesty's A. MILNE, , jl Woods, Forests, Land Revenues, We rks, and Builiings. Office of Woods, &c., Aug. 19, 1846. Viscount and Viscountess Berehaven arrived at Far rance's Hotel, Upper Belgrave-street, on Saturday, from their seat in Ireland. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert drove out in a carriage on Sunday afternoon. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Allied, the Princess Royal, the Princess Alice, and the Prim ss Helena, took airings in the pleasure grounds of o:kborre House on Sunda:, a!-'A!..7•:0,11, Irtsteiday rn , ,rnin her Consort took their usutd early walk. • Her Majesty the Que, n Dowager, accompanied by her Royal Highness the Princess of Prussia, arrived at Osborne House at halt-past one o'clock yesterday on a visit to the Queen. In atterglance on the Queen Dowager and the Princess of Prussia were the Vis,tountess BArrington, Countess Earl Howe, the Earl of Denbigh, • and Court Puekler Lord Adolphus Fitzelarence also attended the iliuslrious party. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness crossed from Gosport in the Fairy, and landed at Osborne Pier. A dejeuner was served to the august party at Osborne House soon after the arrival of her Majesty's illustrious visj tors. The Bishop of Oxford left Osborne House yesterday. filer Majesty the Queen Dowager and her Royal Highness the Princess of Prussia, took leave of the Queen and Prince Albert in the afternoon, and re-embarked on their return to town, attended by their respective suites. The royal children took their accustomed exercise yesterday on the sea-beach. The Hun. Miss Kerr, Maid of Honour in Waiting to her Majesty, arrived at Osborne House yesterday after noon, having crossed to the Isle of Wight. in the Lighten ing steam-packet. The Queen Dowager, and the Princess of Prussia, attended by the Vicountess Barrington, the Countess Haack, the Earl Howe, the Earl of Denbigh, Count "'tickler, and Lord Adolphus Fitzclarenee, left Marl borough House at nine o'clock yesterday morning for the terminus of the South-Western Railway, at Nine Elms, and took their departure by a special train for Gosport. Her Majesty and her Royal Highness and suite returned to Marlborough House at ten minutes be fore eight o'clock yesterday evening, having travelled from Gosport by a special train. Mr. John Thornton, Deputy Chairman of the Stamps and Taxes, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Mr. Kay Shuttleworth had an interview with Sir George Grey yesterday at the Home-office. The Millbank Prison Commission held a meeting yesterday at the Penitentiary. Dispaches were received yesterday at the Colonial office from the Governor of the Mauritius. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial-office for the Governor of New South Wales, and also for the Governor of Van Dieman's Land. AMERICAN AFFAIRS. NEW YORK, Auo. 15.—Peace is now the word in the United States. The President has dispatched a mis sionary to Mexico. He is, it may be presumed, a demi official, but without any power—a kind of pulse-feeler, and sent for the purpose of ascertaining, through some confidential channel, how a Minister or a Commission would be received and treated. It is said, but there is some doubt on the subject, that this Government has re ceived from one of its Consuls an assurance that Mexico, in his opinion, would readily make satisfactory arrange ments on the subjects of boundary and the American Maims, and that for a quid pro quo she would transfer California. Now, au impression has been made on the American people, that this suggestion by the Consul is authorised by the Mexican Government. This Ido not believe. I have no doubt that the Mexicans desire a peace, and would willingly make sacrifices to obtain it ; but they have not authorised any agent or public functionary so to say. You will find in the American journals a message of the President to Congress, asking an appropriation of two millions of dollars to be placed under his control to enable him to negotiate a peace, and also the pro ceedings of the Senate thereon. The Whig members, generally, were opposed to permitting him to expend this sum of money at his discretion. Several of them avowed their want of confidence. In the House a Bill was reported, and an amendment to it was offered and adopted, declaring that in no part of the territory which might be acquired by the contemplated negotiation should slavery ever be tolerated. Thus amended, it passed the House ; but the amendment prevented a large portion of the south from supporting the Bill, and pro bably was the cause of its defeat in the Senate, to the great mortification and disappointment of the President and his Cabinet. It is said to be now in contemplation to send out to Mexico a commission consisting of three distinguished individuals. This is done with a view of controlling Mr. Slidell who is proposed as one of them, and who is of a warm temperament, and by no means a favourite with the Mexican Government or people. Whether, after the defeat of the President's 2,000,000 dollar scheme, he will consider it his duty to send acommission, is somewhat problematical. Accord ing to his opinion, nothing could be effected without the money ; with it any and everything. lam informed by a gentleman who has an opportunity of knowing, that the army in and about the city of Mexico are paid daily, and that a neglect or incapacity to pay them would dis band them. In my last letter I stated that Paredes was about to take command of the army. All recent accounts tend to prove that he dares not leave the city; that if he does an immediate revolution is inevitable. But it cannot be supposed that a Government thus hampered on all sides, and at war with a nation far more powerful, can long sustain itself. That this war in the United States is extremely un popular_ and daily arovving more sn_ is eprtain Btu_ in addition to the war clamours, we have the tariff and the sub-treasury, both of which are unpopular measures, and well calculated to excite the people against the Administration, and all it does, right or wrong. In times of great popular excitement the masses combine, and each pours out his grievance. Although opposite as the poles, yet they unite in denouncing those who have done them a wrong, real or imaginary. Already a large quantity of goods are deposited in public store, there to remain until the Ist of December, when they will be entered under the new tariff law. I have referred to this subject in a former letter, in which I expressed an opinion that many of the shipments to this country would prove most disastrous adventures. I re main of the same opinion, especially if the actual cost is correctly given. Thousands of dollars will be mitered fraudulently, that is to say, invoiced 10 or 15 per cent. below the cost ; and as the duty is ad valorem on such entries, that amount will not pay duty, and consequently the fair and honest dealer can stand no chance with the fraudulent merchant. Congress have adjourned in a very bad humour with the Pre.ident. The passage of the Tariff, the Sub- Treasury, and certain other Bills has given great dis satisfaction. The veto of the Rivvr and Harbour Bill, and the Bill to pay certain claims for spoliation by the French prior to 1800, have added greatly to the excite ment which seems to pervade the whole country. In the approaching political contest everything will be swallowed up in the Tariff question. That party have taken as their watchword—Repeal, Repeal ; and it will not be used without effect. The President was authorised to issue and procure money for 10,000,000, or any part thereof, of six per cent, stock ; or 10,000,000, or any part thereof, of Trea sury notes, provided that the amount of money thus obtained shall not exceed, in the whole amount, 10.000,000 dol. As yet no money has been borrowed on stock, nor any Treasury notes issued. Out-door financiers predict that by the Ist of November the Go vernment will be embarrassed for the want of money. The money market at present is calm, and it can be procured, on satisfactory security, at a reasonable rate of interest. Confidence, however, is shaken. There is every prospect—l may say, certainty—of a more than average crop of bread stuffs. The demand for flour for shipment is limited, at a fraction less than 4 dolls, per barrel, say t? 94-100 to 4 dolls. The potato crop, in several parts of the country, will suffer from the prevalent disease, but not sufficiently to affect the market value of bread stuffs. A GENEVESE TRAVELLER. 1314 I 1% P 3% THE LATE HORRIBLE AFFAIR 13 1 4 614, AT CHATHAM. The county magistrates were on Friday engaged in the investigation of the late horrible transaction at Chalk-pit-hill, Chatham, and if any doubt existed as to the nature of the offence in the first instance, it is now but too clear, from the evidence of the surgeon, that a child, living or dead, was thrown into the burn ing furnace on Monday morning last by some monster in human shape ; and appearances, it is melancholy to reflect, strengthen the suppos'tion that a murder has been committed, from the panicles of dress which have been discovered by him in the course of his experi ments. Mr. Edward Steddy, surgeon, stated that on Monday he received from Mr. Moody, one of the constab!es, a substance consisting of coke, coal, and pieces of some description of fabric, amongst which was a knitted substance of two qualities, fine and coarse, which appeared to be part of a stock ing ; there were likewise fragments of net, twill, and calico—the net, which was but a small portion, appeared to be such as is used for making babies' cap.. He likewise found another species of fabric which at first he took for skin, but on a minute examination with a mi croscope he clearly distinguished it to be a fragment of twill. From this mass he had taken some, calcareous substance, very much resembling bone, the organization of which, however, was entirely destroyed in conse quence of the intense heat which prevailed at the time of its being placed in the furnace, and which heat had entirely converted it into a powder, of' which he pro duced two small portions, all that he had been able to H separate. Ike should be led to suppose, he said, that it was the remains of a child from the tact of the fragments of clothes which had been found in the oven. Bines and Moody, two officers who have been actively engaged ever since the occurrence in endeav )uring to discover the guilty party, said that all the medical men in the neigh bourhood had been put in possession of the facts, in the hope that through them something might transpire to lead to the detection of the offender. They further stated that Mr. Richardson, on whose premises the oc currence took place, distinctly saw the woman take some thing from under her shawl and throw it into the fur nace, but being at a white heat at the time, she could n9t approach very close to it. The magistrates then gave directions to their officers to use their utmost en deavours to obtain, if po s sible, a clue to the horrible transaction, and at their next sitting it is probable some • thing further may transpire. EARLY FROST.—We have had several frosty nights during the present week, and some hope is entertained that this change in the weather will check the progress in the potato disease ; at all events it will contribute essentially to harden and dry the grain, after the heavy rains of last week, both in the fields and in the stacks.—Leeds Mercury. VICTORIA THEATRE. Osbaldiston, the spirited lessee of this theatre, added last night another interesting drama to the many he h 9g , already brought out this seascn, for the entertrinmcn b of the playgoers on this sale of the water. The drama is fu ended on Mr. G. W. M. Rerno!ds's celebrated weekly w Or, " Tre ?,1 -t ri o' L 1,0,.1,," end is en titled Markham and Greenxood ; or the Brothers' Career. The piece, which th•pitts no of the ,ceites and ,ices incident to London life in its varied grades, w as evi dently successful. It is just of that cast which s uits , a Surrey audience, and was applauded to the echo by tne gods. The evening's entert a i nmen t s were c oncluded h) , the burletta of Fayre Rosamonde, and Dominique the .Deserter; or, the Gentleman in Black. The house wws crovtded in every part. HA LL OF ItOME. POSES PLASTIQUES There was last evening a grat,d rehearsal of sev'ra l new Peses Plastiques or moving Tableaux Vivans, 15 i twenty-eight male and female artistes, under the super intendence of Mr. Tumour, at this establishment. The se . new groups are exceedingly graceful, and reflect gr eat credit on the taste of Mr. Tumour, by whom many ° them were designed. The Hall was crowded toi exec's' MR. MORRISON, M.P. 'We ire informed by Mr. Morrison, whose letter a P' lsewhere, that the document published in the Times of Saturday, and purporting to be the sec ond report of the Select Committee on Railways, report of the committee, but merely a draught prepaye ri „ by Mr. Morrison for the consideration of the board. ~" is profer, for the sake of truth, that this statement should be made, but for no other reason is it at all MCI sari'. Its only effect is to transfer from the gene ra body of members to their chairman whatever merit the public may conceive to exist in the document in quest i°l3. In our own estimation the paper loses nothing of ita importance in losing the official stamp. The argume nts remain the same; the inforalation is not less valooble; is not the the facts are equally true; the resolutions alone 1 somewhat diminished in their weight by being reduc as from a general verdict to the expression of an indiv idu % opinion. That opinion, however, will bear the. test of the most rigorous analysis ; and we are convi nced m that the more it is examined, the more clearly wi ll -1 7, th e -system appear. It has been commonly objected to - system of Government surveillance, and especially to th appointment of an executive board, with powers of Pr e . - er liminary investigation, that either would operate ;ski ously, as a check even upon legitimate enterprise. IVe iv believe that no more erroneous notion could pool" i r have taken possession of the public mind. That the fe e ' of a searching inquiry into their merits might stifle WI fraudulent or visionary projects is a supposition not ism r „ probable than satisfactory ; for surely there can be o ,`" one so blindly devoted to the non-interference prineiP; as to view such a result with disaffection or alarm. E' e the bubble companies themselves, or at least the g ( e i : neral body of their subscribers, would feel th e a vantage of a tribunal which would stop their Pr ° :, gress at the outset and save them from a ne ed 's% and unprofitable expenditure. To the bonii useful schemes the b e n e fit wou ld be immense. I'', sums that have been wasted in Parliamentary e x P ense te by the railways now working, are so enormous, that,lo state them is to draw almost too largely upon puu credulity; we believe they are not less than ten nuil l°il o s Mr. Morrison's report informs us that, if an s eco- __ were taken of all the premiums already or hereafter t_u, be divided among directors, through the creation. new shares, and of the expenditure incurred in bunuiKe' off parties supposed to possess powerful interest, an" to Parliamentary proceeding:, which alone arnounieet twenty-five millions, the total would be a sum s uffice for the construction of trunk lines for the whole en the try. Contr Ist this wasteful extravagance wit h „is• state of things in Francs, and Belgium, and Prul 00 In the first country, the capital of the lines executetai4 the 31st of July, 1845, was eight millions and a b of those in course of execution, fourteen millions ; r at s of others sanctioned or projected down to the Pr e oat o f oot period, forty two millions ; making, in the whole, a bbe sixty-four millions and a half. The whole t 79 Prussian lines cost about thirty.six millions, an d ' D t o state lines in Belgium not quite six. The cause 0 ' e s extraordinary difference here apparent is not the sulints rior cheapness of labour or material on the COntinoscre This we stated on Saturday. The expense °f t oe construction on the French Railways has been , in 5,011 instanees, greater than that of the English. The. 'l actose is to be found in what may be called the ey dental expenditure, especially the Parliamentary S te penses, which Mr. Morrison reckons m the aggr e l at fifty millions. The Eastern Counties are sal bo t have paid 810,0001. fos land alone, being allot 12,0001. per mile, more than the whole cost 011 s od of the German and many of the Belgian lines ; we have have heard it said that the Parliament penses of the London and York exceed a million. „ I o w these facts before their eyes, the English people vv..'', 4 11 derstand at once why they have to pay so exorlsts74o for the carriage of themselves and their goods on Os no , railways. The enforced extravagance of t h e cor i it ery falls eventually upon the public, who by this CO tion, if by no other, may possibly be induced at Ins to appreciate the advantages of Government convo; 0, will of course be said that an enforced reduction ,_nting compulsory revision of the charges made by e' t i t ' be ss companies would be arbitrary and unjust, for th u eos les),; ought to be a fair return for capital ex?, e ats Mr. Morrrison has anticipated this object ex?, , al proved by the evidence of Mr. Stephenson and others' well as by independent facts, that a reduction otiewuits would not necessarily nor probably be attended es on diminution of profits. It is certain that the tu n ' t hey most of our railways are very much less now th a „„J • Were at the entomperement of t.h...""t"'" ° ' Init t " le • believe it is acimitte'st on al! hands that in ne rl' have the dividends been injuriously affected. Ints/00 cultural districts, which, according to the opinion?!4_ die' are more favourable to railways than rnanufacturi se, tricts, Mr. Peto thinks that low fares ars absolutenlY_„, cessary to create traffic, for, as the rural not afford to pay high, if they are charged high tli c e i t haft not use the railway at all. Mr. Stephenson thin ,' t oes tb,,, r. in course of time, experience will teach the WW I wing they best consult their own interests in Yi e re hab i 1 the wishes of the public. This opinion is bow populatto correct ; but the public may very fairly ask , t"" stse they are to wait? The probability of an evil curl, t he will hardly be thought to relieve a Government !T. ;r t . , / of duty of applying remedies, or from the responstn!,:fassa neglect. The full benefits of railway colnul ani e rieb can only be developed by cheapness. It is not tb iot a only who require and who will be improved by a eon° frequent intercourse among each other. The n n to sefr interest demands a method of speedy and cheaP ea s Ole ling ; and it seems to us that sound policy din tn " r a the adoption of such a system as will immediately en desired result..— Times. THE BIRMINGHAM FEsTri r t l) ,;o SATTRDAY.—The ball at the Theatre last night Pert satisfactory as regarded the attendance, which Wi d foe s numerous and brilliant. To form a spacious s re „, ll k lea dancing, the whole pit was boarded over, so as t° ty" with the stage. Entrances were contrived thr ° ''aitil e. boxes, by flights of steps on either side and in the 4 . 1 ' we, The dress boxes constituted a comfortable place r,,„ ..- filir for the dancers. The upper boxes and gallery we'` A - 0 o r e by the visitors who came merely to look on. Pi b risP. chestra was somewhat clumsily constructed in 0 8 4 til• for the musicians, who were sadly incommoded ;oh' want of some barrier to protect them from the en c jo llie t i ments of curious gazers. The popular o h was there, but only a very small noll iw- whi r '; those faces, so familiar to Londoners , , hoe ordinarily are recognised in his orchestra cr e ,, ro bl Nothing, indeed, could have been more 06:0 the than the music, which was out of time and t 1 1"„ of whole evening. Instead of Koenig, who had b ee ; nfr; pected, we bad a performer on the cornet-a-ais t° "t, generally came in too late, and when, by accidetl: d came in time, was sure to play out of tune. A' . .,'"ftli e magnificent a festival, this shabby arrangerney, t :okt ball music was the object of unanimous aramacr"„ e Jullien is unrivalled in his way, but he must 1 1 ..„/" I tlai'' band, or his energy goes for nothing ; twenty 1 1,th cannot turn scrapers into fiddlers. Besides valie„'"thO t authorities had given the public to tinderstal lu ,aeo_ a tj Jullien and his band were to preside. In other flare' the ball was badly managed ; out of tweliqls tho dances there were thirteen quadrilles, which whole a most dreary aspect. Nevertb a l es s, ther e co ol as many visitors, active and passive, as th e t heafr e wsoV i well contain ; and among them we noticed Lord tesley, the President of the festival ; Lord SaedY-oi OP other distinguished persons. The dancing was ice ` op till the morning had far advanced. I , e se 4 1 Mendelssohn left yesterday fo r L on d on by t" -- ; e ct, o'clock train. Moscheles, and mos t o f the P r- Pe_; artists engaged at the festival, followed soon aft er ; 's town has lost one half its life and bustle. Ther-t is of account of the results of the meeting Ye, - ; faco'„ t " lished, and information in that quarter is very u g ' ia lli'" to be obtained, those who are in a condition to 11 '' 5 0; being so very uat sterious and inscrutable, that it n ity possible, without an importunity beneath the cbg - en e9,, the press, to extort any thing from them. Thel; e ssi°: management of the festival would admit of anielau,: n ati°' in more than one respect, had we leisure and ille," 1- 0 0 0 to make it. The want of rehearsals at the misc eil : : to l e concerts was painfully felt, The want of accomya ark for the members of the Lo n d on p ress was a a _ ra to re , inattention that sorts not we ll w i t h t h e Binning°, jp ls imitation for hospitality to strangers. The gross re the of the festival amount t o upwards of 11,5001. for expenses have been enormo us , including a large st l ea sli the decoration of the Music H a ll ; still there is 13 5,0001. left for the General Hospital. Since 18 , 3 4 c sail” a profitable festival has not been known in Birinal6 oar and it is the more gratifyin g f rom the fact that a;_iiia mediocre result was anticipated. Mendelssohn 's 1 vo rf to notices etehse of f ra t n h d e c L au o s n e do o n f ex jo c u it r e n m a ent, raise it. 10 6 , SUNDAY.—Last night the festival may be said to tre , terminated with the grand c oncert given at the '.Chea t r ee and the prepara„ ls c a e h d i e c ( l i i b e y a a s crowded come,y to sustainedsuff o c a t by h h e e 'l l c p h o e e m d c p o n a n o n c y t e r . a t wag i o l the artists engaged was Madame Grisi, who ha d od co.ays encored d e f o r r 7 d her ina w posi i t t i h o s , jag° rMario sangiardivifnreolmp lic tr,: e m Donna del Layo, and in the air, " Non fu tog a r ljt from Lombardi. S i gnor Mario was siral r c omplimented, in Alan's cavatina, introduced t pA Don Gregorio, and substituted the serenade from Pasquale, the first notes of which were is eel-red w ,4 burst of animated recognition. Signor Mario a ls° the " Adelaida" of Beethoven in such expressive o r passionate st;le as wou ld h ave sat i s fi e d the comp' himself—nothing could have been more charming. . 0 0 side these, encores were awar d e d to the clever g Lt i ti Williams, in Macfarren's " Merry Gipsies ;" to dto Parry, in two of his humnurous extravaganzas ; " ,jIP F. Liblache, in the Tarantella, which he sang rsapiti Moreover, Mr. Hayward and M. B enedicC ploY4 i