The Sun. — London, England, 1846-03-05 00:00:00

LITERATURE. TER LAIV OF RAIL WAYS. By L. Shelford, Barri. te r a t l aw. Second Edition. Butterworth. At thi s particular stage of railway investment and of the Pal lialnenrary session, a more thoroughly useful or valuable book than the present could not have been Published. In the, present digest of the enactments which re l ate to railways, the editor has shown more than mere p a i nsta ki ng ; h e seems to have always kept in 'flew the convenience of its readers, insomuch that any particular section of the subject may be referred to with the greatest facility. The selection of illustrative e ases is likewise most appropriate arid judicious. To ev ery one interested in railways—and to whom does this ft in some inea , nre apply ?—the volume here produced fret the research and industry of Mr. Shelford, wid Prove a most decider' boon : it will unravel to them Wha tever mi g h t prev i ous l y h ave appeare d i ntr i cate ; i t will show them the bearings of any questionable point it will info rm t h em w h en t h ey are i n nee d of informa tion. and guide them when they require guidance. This edtti n is very considerably improved and extended, and comprises, under their several heads, the powers, the privileges, the responsibilities, and the duties which de oneve upon ra il way compan i es .a f ter i ncorporat i on. I n word, we would recommend all who are connected with railways, either as shareholders or otherwise, to Provide theniselves forthwith with this little volume. THE NEW TIMON. A ROMANCE OF LONDON. Part IV. With this fourth part concludes one of the most re blarkahie poems of the present generation ; we speak this e mphatically, regarding the " New Timon " as re 14aritable in a threefold degree—its conception being dstrietly original, its language and imagery new, its ten eneY eminently moral. On its appearance it was in troduced to the lovers of poetry with the most decided all of passports to popularity with which any production r e'. l l merit can possibly be accompanied—it had the Prestige of being anonymous. Many, doubtless, may cons ider this a v e ry questionable s o rt of advanta ge ; _at• fo r ourselves, we must ever regard i t as the satest course a literary aspirant can adopt. For one thing, if a P u blicatio n attracts attent i on b y its i ntr i ns i c wort h, w hil e title -p age i s w i t h out any c l ue to t h e aut h ors hi p, t 2° curi os i ty o f i ts rea d ers i s exc i te d , an d , i n con clu,enee• a double interest is aroused. Without this Prel iminary secrecy the " Waverley Novels" would in 411 likelihood have been regarded as very clever and b „, lnec essful efforts on th e part o f Mr. W a lter Scott ; i i i i ° , 1 31 “ might possibly have exclaimed " What versa 'Y I" passages in " Marmion" and " Old Mortality" — !ght have been compared, and those glorious fictions ts l l o' have subsided much sooner into the quiet immor -0-TY of book s h e l ves . With ou t thi s i nc it emen t t o in gil3 Junius would never have achieved one moiety et et , , present renown ; without it, the humourous writings c , ,` 1 302" w ou ld scarce l y h ave reac h e d their first extraor ruinary circulation; without it—to come to a more recent, !more insignificant, but nevertheless quite as appropriate ;al instance—" Cecil, or the Adventures of a Coxcomb," Ohl most assuredly never have extended its admirers h IflfYond the su b scr ib ers t o th e c i rcu l a ti ng lib rar i es . adduced th e se e x ampl es , i n corro b ora ti on o f our temost as to the peculiar benefit which redounds pa thoroughly meritorious work, when unaccom anied by its author's name, we will revert, and that • 4th no inconsiderable pleasure, to the anonymous writer t he': Romance of London." To the multitude h e maystill co n ti nue t o b e anonymous; to us t h e patern i ty t the thr oug h ever y cou pl e t t h e p ecu li ar bi as o f • practised literateur is evident. Every description is ulled with his peculiar idiosyncrasy; the plot, the cha be;tiers, the situations, are traceable to hi s i mag i na tion ti ne- Unlike his illustrious predecessor of Abbotsford, has thrown aside the arabesqued-garment and opium h a l l oars of romance, to assume instead the bay-garland P tld th e crystal goblet of poetry. Upon this his re•ap ,r'a)rance in an unexpected character, and that, too, with " r , e sPondent freshness and vigour, we congratulate the author of the " New Timon," and we congratulate our 41s L B ' As a translator of the ballad-glories of Schiller, b' o ' h ilad already tasted the hippocrene—in the present and not unsuccessful effort, he drinks L•, f ull and refreshing draught of that celestial eno era ( , e. Those who have not been fortunate thatg to peruse this satirical poem may conjecture ju such commendation is over-laudatory and mis tdge.d : with an earnest desire to clear ourselves from ss : Imputation upon our character as candid critics, Commend those individuals to the production itself— intlt especially to this fourth and concluding part, which every respect is so immesurably superior to its pre essors. Meanwhile, as some assurance that - such Praise is fully merited, we will transcribe one descrip- N n, a description of that very hacknied subject lorning"—a description, however, which of its class 3 40 exact companion in the language dawn, while yet, around the Indian, lay at dark fantastic groups—resumed the way ; • • • • t el ?° l cl the Fun !—how stately from the east, DZ 9 l,Yorn God spresence, comes the glorious Priest I Re ac beseems the Mighty One to whom wen gives the charge to hallow and illume ! 1)", r, as he comes—through the great temple, EARTH, • The the rich jubilee of grateful mirth ! f„he infant ,flowers their odour-censers swinging, "' /trough aided glades Air's anthem-chorus ringing; ~ While, like some soul lifted aloft by love, ttigh and alone the skylark halts above, l igh• o'er the sparkling d ews , th e g li tter i ng corn , "aYmns his frank happin ess an d h a il s t h e morn !" 1 , 1 ° imagery empl o y e d i n th e open i ng o f t hi s passage i s ` 2 _ o l t d ar i ng, b ut the success with which it is embodied is nit noble and most beautiful. A bolder symbol of the g r eat lumi nary was never imagined, and the manner in Isei es A te . the metaphor i s carr i e d out i s commensurate i n a ll °Peets. As some additional evidence of the " true stirring within the secret chambers of our i:ithor's mind, as a token that his fancy aspires to very of !3' similes, turn we to one of those ambitious gleamings as T a giflailori which occasionally glitter in the pages of ei.'!rearcer of dreams." Ile is depicting a tempestuous aut, where t At times the wild blast dies—and fair and far, Z;hroligh chasms of cloud, looks down the solemn star— s r the majestic moon ; as watchfires mark e r lae sleeping War dim-tented in the dark; 1 48 , thrh antique chos and the stof matter,o w ug hiri'd and writhing into form rm We angels peer'd !" k• lu e r edly no meagre or impoverished intell ec t could eas os .generatEd a thought at once so huge and delicate s s i ti ," 4 ! No mere dabbler in the Helicon could write % u m_ a firm i ron gras p lik e thi s l W e d o not w i s h to is;ze out a beauty wher e none ex i s t s: t h e quo t a ti ons hi e ve thei r own index. Part IV. opens with a description 4,Morval e ' s pil gr i mage i n searc h o f " f orget f u l ness; " I I "' here his title to be distinguished as the New th 4l°ll is fully demonstrated. His affections stared by a;1 cr iminality of Lucy's father; his soul burning with e k ° 'Y thirst for ven geanc e (a holy thirst, we sa y, be -1148:) originating in his reverence for his sister's fame); j htr aeart empty and pulseless with desolation, the lisa lk o wanders through the fields, and the city ways, ti throu g h th e fi e ld s aga i n — at d awn , at mid so!sist' at evening, and at noon—without the Isi t Ze of any crams which mi g ht conso l e hi m 14" the promise of future happiness. And here c j i * nuld pause to point out more c l ear ly th an by an y 4,;40' foregoing insinuations, the identity of the author- Nl' of this " Romance of London,'' by comparing two , sa ges fraught with a subtle bat unmistak a bl e s i m il a rity bpi t h ought, in language, and in ill us tr a ti on . T o b e ti t : c r Our anonymous poet, when alluding to. this incer listre of nitwit's, as to a futurity, says—in this final 4 , 1 ° 1 1 of the " New Timon"— sNor when his instinct of the life afar So ar'd from the soil and task'd the unanswering star, C ame more than Hope—that reflex-beam of faith— T hatß fitful moonlight on the unknown path." :fi'verai years ago Mr. (now Sir) Edward Lytton Bul 4. Produced (his first literary Production we believe it 1 th e s 1 a little volume, entitled ‘ 1 Falkland" : in it occur followi ng eloquent ejaculations, and we would the reader compare the two fragments in spirit and a mid:_ 4 %4 ,, would give worlds for a proof that death does net t ailes — Y• • • . I have watched over the tomb; I have " in the agony of my heart to her who slept beneath. of t n • I have been, as it were, entranced with the intensity ktict Own adjuration. I have gazed upon the empty air, 411 worked upon my mind to fill it with im ag i n i ngs . I have aloud unto the winds and tasked my soul to waken kan,, silence to re ply. All was a was t e — a st ill ness — an as sw "Y—swithout a wanderer or a voice! The dead th t dme not when I envoked them ; and in the vigils of 2 3 ttin i „!‘ t night I looked from the rank grass and mouldering el l , to the e t erna l h eavens , as man l oo k s f rom d ecay to hlienertality ! Oh that awful magnificence of repose—that f' i l'er g t ll /I "P—that breathing, vet unrevealing divinity, spread ,at i t , ese still worlds! To them also I poured my thoughts, te s , m `L a whisper. I did not dare to breathe aloud the unhal ,,isrh„4ngaish of my mind to the majesty of the unsympaJ La s 'tars 1 In the vast order of creati on —i n th e m id s t o f t ltrir,` ll Pendous system of universal life—my doubt and in ltf,,,Were murmured forth—a voice crying in th e taits-„,-"esa! and returning without an eche, una nswere d It yself. Nvli• telt Perfectly unnecessary to analyse a resemblan ce • e ust be m an if es t t o every one : has the " N ew al stA r t „ author borrowed from himself or from another? r"oi as to the source of this poem cannot assuredly be , i tr • cite . Our observati on s, however, should relate to be as well as t o th e wr it er ; for that purpose as I ,l l re the s h ort space we have st ill rema i n i ng mus t lishra a ted to th e f ormer. O ne even i ng t h e h ero over he e., 11 , °id man "sainted and obscure!" discoursing of tals r , rit jart doctrines to a neophyte,—tracing out its t ease 4. % its purity, its accordance with our better t i he n ( i tt 'id its solid, hopeful truth—while he demonstrates t - h t 'llgrn l ?„ rav ity, obscurity, absurdity, and foolish Ise" el s s - ' 4l of the heathen Dieties. This harangue of t e oh -a ge is a masterly exposition of the creed of the intoFd the ang-lic simplicity of which creed is con , ~.t.s the two admirable lines— ressos n less is to imagine more; 4 11 Is svt - t i:e 4 3: most aspire who meekly most adore !" • .."rai s ,, ti rle stern Infidel is embued with these divine iTtai ssa 's ; he is converted. With Christianity he ilt RI f ur `Luegative serenity ; he allays his vile yearn h. t aet, r , Ird Arden's blood ;he becomes, in the sib -418 tses,ionless. As a proof of this total alteration in 4:torali:ettrtuent, the two enemies meet by accident, in ° llen an 'it.iglitfall, upon a plank, that treinbles over a 4 : ris, r i a boiling stream. Lord Arden is swept into 1 4 8 trs etio uy a hurricane, and is saved from immediate sh, t to, • 11 ,,bY —the I n di an , b u t ver y recen tly hi s dead th,kht.; . s ubseq uent l y, however, Lo r d A r d en di es ; hi s th : ° flee snore thrown penniless upon the world hs t )4, its s , e ,rael operation of the bastardy laws— but th e Pas, ht., t rio wealthy alory ale -at the grass tomb o s sihi.o taili; , W here th e i r l ove i s assure d f or ever am id st t ,ts s thv _ of that reg i on o f d eat h ; an d t h e story ter ede a ros e , in k ,„ h P• abov e th e f unera l yews, nes ;" „ her beam s th e funeral shades suffuse! view 'Ana bliht the tender accents cease, 3 the, tiesye was Love, and o ercreatren peace !" 1 4 ta sk , 8 1)0P-in as a whole, it promises largely as to i ht . ( llisl is Poetical excsllence of its author. It has its s• e o • "` t a; 1, 4 . (esubt, many of which we have particu it 114 8 also beauties of no ordinary lustre, • • • • " 1 . 5 4 • • '•" •• • :: 071) ••". IP, • '•'. 11 1 Z I I" • 1 044 ••"of •''' 97' .. 6 2 0 1' the• 1 0, 4 31Alc S eat'' ; ,14 • " 10 1 ...." r A f, F " ;30 1 ' . 11 3 1 6°° 10 , J. 1 0 } , 981 04 90 jai ~ •• SSI 19Y1 •• 31 • s6l OJ , S co o pi Ai Jo o p tio 0 4 0 (1 , of I t ; to . 0 00„,, , 10 1 0 , • to.eA to? 71 ' 1 IU I t e ' r e e .4 " fe4 0 1 Pre e ' 0 P I • . e c r , t ti;l?l l l lie 4 ild in il l f j / ec e / t ,f i a f; r - ,ro aPP r° " f eu eo ;y 4 • ei , p) : t t o b re at to l f ,2 ‘ l l ';o;,' / 4 . • ,`;',. 4 10 ere P 011 ),/ " t I , l lo l t ife 49 , !" 9 "' i l li t lY4 0 1 :v l . 1 0 1 lo?' ' iPoje '' THE SUN LON DON, THURSD AV EVENING, M'A.RCit 5, 16,46% many of which, in like manner, we have carefully ex tracted or referred to. The animus of the work is essen tially humanising; its diction is peculiarly nervous and rrins , eci; its plot, with a few minor exceptions, is in genious; and its effect altogether bold, harmonious, and original- No poem of equal length has issued from the English press for such a number of 3 ears as we have not the heart to enumerate, with anything approaching to the ability of the " New Titnon' —it augurs a resuscita tion of our bardic glories. Earnestly we commend the author to his pencil and the woodlands; with due exertion he may carve himself a niche for posterity. MAGAZINES-(CONTINUED.) FRASER. In these days, when bitter reproaches, abusive epi thets, and calumnious charges form the arguments of one section of the political world the Conservative leader, if we are to place any confidence to words, is more detested by many of his former friends than any Whig, or Radical, or Repealer ; it is a relief to find one writer, at least, viewing his conduct with calm impar tiality, and doing justice to the statesman whom the writer considers as lost for ever to his party. This is a proof of good sense, and by-and-by it will have many imitators—for many of the Tory school at present have recourse to abuse from sheer vexation, and forget the first principles of justice and charity in the midst of disappointments which they never anticipated. They will, like the writer, be convinced in time that Peel's conversion is no selfish act—that it is rather a great sacrifice of power, of friends, of principles long che rished, and of many ties which no rational being would break asunder, but from dire necessity or pure love of his country. This is fairly admitted. "We give," says Fraser," Sir Robert Peel full credit for a conscien tious change of opinion on the great question which is now under discussion in the Legislature. But for such change, indeed, his conduct would be quite inexplicable. He has become a free-trader, because be believed that free trade would benefit 'his country." He then admits that the system of free trade may be very good—that the repeal of the corn-laws and the removal of protection from our heavily-taxed manufacturers and artisans may be a wise thing, but then says he, measures like these should not have been proposed by the Conservative leader, and be should not have dragged his friends through the mud. This " dragging of friends through the mud" has become a favourite phrase with a certain class—a class so obtuse that they cannot perceive the folly of using it. Why are they dragged through the mud? Because they will neither walk, nor drive, nor be led. They are obstinate as the most obstinate of all classes, and if they can be saved from ruin no other way, what other resource is there but to lay hold of them vigorously, and drag them through either mud or water, or whatever lies between them and a place of safety? It is equally preposterous to say that the Con servative chief should not have performed this act. Who, then, could have done it? Neither the strength of Lord John Russell, nor all the power of Mr. Cobden and the League, without years of ruinous agitation, and scenes which every friend of peace, and every sincere patriot would regard with deep anxiety and horror. if any two facts connected with these measures are more palpable than others, they are these. Sir Robert Peel can gain nothing personally or politically by the change, and there is not one statesman in the country but him self who at the present day can carry it. However, the article altogether is very fair, and one or two portions of it might be read by the protectionists with advantage. We will give one as a specimen. It is well known that the landlords boast loudly that they, and their tenants and farm labourers, and other dependents, are the best customers at the markets of Manchester, and Leeds, and Birmingham. Listen, ye protectionists, to your friend:— "In favour of a free trade the argument unquestionably lies, that there are periods in the history of all nations when the system of policy which reared ceases to be applicable to their maintenance; exactly as in the individual man, the morale nd even physical culture which most avails in youth becomes injurious in the vigour of our days, and kills if it be persevered in to old age. No fact, for instance, can be more perfectly established, than that the customs and excise, and other sources of revenue arising oat of the system of protec tion were stretched by the Whigs, in 1839, beyond their just limits; that they imposed upon both dealers and consumers inconveniences innumerable, and had ceased to be profitable. In like manner the old assertion that the agriculturist is the manufacturer's best customer, will not bear a moment's in spection. That the home market is more to the manufac turer than all the foreign markets into which he makes his way, we quite believe ; but the error is to suppose, that the only buyer in this market is the agriculturist. Consider what the articles are which the manufacturer produces. He gives us cotton-piece goods for our shirting and our sheeting, for the gowns of our wives and daughters ; he gives us broad cloths and narrow, and woollen fabrics of other sorts for our coats, trousers, waistcoats, blankets, and such like; lie supplies us with stockings, shoes, bats, cravats. Every ar ticle that is used in the furnishing of our houses—our win - dow-curtains, bed-curtains, carpets, chair-covers, are the pro duce of his loom. Now, who are they that consume these different articles chiefly? Does the country gentleman, with his rental of five thousand a-year, expend half so much upon the clothing of his own person as a spruce clerk in the Ad miralty, or a shopman in Howell and James's? And when you look to the farmer, what is his every-day costume? A shooting-jacket, which lasts him on an average five years—a pair of corduroy breeches, leather gaiters, and high-lows, to work his way through which will take him three years at the least. It is only on market-days and Sunday that he arrays himself in his green coat and yelL)ws, and these are carefully pulled off and folded and laid away again as soon as the oc casion ceases. Nor is the case different if we compare the style of dress that prevails among the operatives, and that which suits the tastes and purses of the agricultural labourers. We venture to say, that more money is spent upon wearing apparel in any one thriving street in Manchester, than in half the purely agricultural villages of Lancashire put to gether." In this number, the other articles in general are respect able, and a fe.v of them excellent. We may mention among these, " The History of a Literary Man (Laman Blanchard), by Titmarsh;" " Newman's Theories;" and " Contemporary Orators—Lord Palmerston." The con cluding advice in the article on " Puseyism" ought to be listened to with religious care by every friend of the Reformation:— _ _ " Every bond of union with such a party ought to be reso lutely and immediately broken asunder. Friendship, habit, kindness, personal advantages, what are these to an uncor rupted heart and a conscience void of offence? Under cover of our own betrayers, Rome advances. Not a moment ought to be lost. Let the separation from the Jesuitism of Pusey and the development of Newman, be instant and complete. Severe crises demand decided measures. "If private sympathies still weigh down and detain the struggling disciple,—if the anchor, encumbered by drifting weeds, will not rise to the hand,—then one course only re mains, and that is to cut the cables and prepare for action at the signal, which ought now to be making from every high place of education throughout the kingdom,—' Enemy at Sea.' " THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE. Well compiled, and elaborately complete in it 3 several departments, this quarterly journal—by the way the title sounds something like a bull—must be a welcome periodical to agriculturists. None of the novelties of science in relation to this branch of industry are for gotten ; in proof of which the present number contains a perspicuous essay on " The Electro-Culture of Farm Crops," one of the most marvellous and interesting of the phenomena broached by our living philosophers. " The Farmer's Note Book" again, teems with practical hints, and would prove good reading to any tenant-farmer in the United Kingdom. Of the tables of the public revenue, showing the nett produce of the year last past, we can only observe that it is drawn up with very lauda ble accuracy and clearness : one circumstance in these tables we would especially call the attention of agri culturists to, namely, the remarkable increase in the price of butcher's meat in January, 1846, compared with that of December, 1845. Let them candidly bear this in reconection when the protection agitation is mooted in their presence, or when the presentemergency is treated lightly. Besides the original matter contained in the journal itself, a careful digest of the " Transactions of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland," is appended : an addition which materially enhances the value of the publication. THE BRITISH CHURCHMAN. The character of this magazine is strictly in accord ance with its title. Among its articles the most apropos is the one devoted to a consideration of " Ab solution and Dr. PuFey's Sermon ;" but the one which must attract its reader's attention soonest is respecting " The State of the Country." " Developements of the Papacy" reaches its fifth chapter ; of its tolerance we. cannot trouble ourselves to speak. One thing, however, we would remind the author—the time has arrived when nicknames cannot render argument sounder, or enforce one side of a controversy in the slightest de gree. With other contributions of a more discursive nature, the churchman fills its allotted number of pages. ALMANACK OF THE MONTH. Whoever enjoys a digestive of laughter, let him get this little comical varlet of a book :—we will wager him a good waistcoat-full of chucklings, and mellow chucklings to boot. Gilbert a Beckett, as penman, and Doyle, as pencilman, what doubt of finding some rare morsels of drollery, sufficient to put one on good terms even with the blustering winds of March ? " The Cockney Mariner," a parody of Coleridge's renowned poem is—great ; it is a wonderful bit of burlesque. especially with the basso relievo illustrations. The " Fashionable Novel, in Three Chapters," too, is an achievement : it is horribly true to the originals. Some serious curmudgeons might look upon this atom of a brochure from the Punch office, as an affront upon the public—to which opinion we can only say—let every one rush into the nearest bookseller's, and—pocket " the affront." SPORTING RE VIE TV. " The High Mettled Racer," after a picture by Her ring, is wonderfully spirited—it is a very cred i ta b le frontispiece to the Sporting . Review fo r M arc h . Th e literary portion of the magazine is proportionably ex cellent. Craven's chapter on " The Royal Hounds," will be read with much interest ; while to all admirers of the facetious or the descrirtive, " The Griffin's Re vengo," and " My First Horse," will be very acceptable. With other miscellaneous contributions, the Review is a fair specimen of its average merit. BANKERS' This valuable and cleverly-conducted periodical pro gresses with its usual ability. Its selection of articles for March is judicious and happily timed; and a tone of real truth and integrity pervades every expression of opinion. " Suggestions for a Decimal Currency': is worthy of very general perusal ; it is singularly original, and at the first blush looks really very feasible. Whether on reducing the theory to practice much confusion might not result to book-keeping ger.erally, instead of bringing with it increased simplicity, a trial can alone testify. " Special Burdens' upon Banking and Commerce" is the old song of " Special Burthens upon Agriculture" to an entirely new tune. We recommend it to all pro tectionists ; perhaps, however, they may regard it as merely a pasquinade upon themselves—and, as far as the title of the paper is concerned, it is so decidedly. With out transcribing the table of contents, we could not do justice to this number of the Bankers' Magazine ; we therefore refer every one curious as to our commercial prosperity to its paees. DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE. Wonderfully silent is our political essayist of the Dublin University at this extraordinary period of com mercial change; the great achievements of free trade appear to have frightened his editorship into this un usual state of silence,—a silence, however, which we cannot induce ourselves to regret. In lieu, of any lamentations at the downfall of protection, the magazine leads off with an agreeable story of a Roman sculptor's first-love. For one article we can express our personal obligations; we allude to a survey of " The Insurrections and Insurgents of Italy," translated from the Revue des Meux Mondes. In those two short chapters the reader obtains a perfect knowledge of the different moral con vulsions which have disturbed the Italian states during the past century. Seeing that it has long been the fashion to regard the domination of Italy under Napoleon as a most vicious and baleful despotism, we are rejoiced to find a correct exposition of that great man's policy brought before the English public in a con densed and popular manner like the present. Far from reducing everything into subserviency for the purpose of insuring the continuance of a tyrannic sway, and that at all risks, at all hazards. and at the expense of any and every subordinate portion of the kingdom, Napoleon infused into the Government of Italy, u healthier tone than that country had ever before acquired What does our writer say respecting the modelling of his Italian constitution ? This— " Everywhere talent was sought out, and obtained its pro per place and due reward. Equality of right was, at the same time guaranteed by the cede, by the new organ isation of the tribunals and the administration, and by the laws, which were highly favourable to industry and manufactures, and to the developement of the power of the middle classes. * * * Dating from 1808, there was throughout all Italy but one code, one system of judicial organisation, one financial system, one method of public instruction ' • the brigands were rapidly disappearing ; the p u bli c roads were rendered safe to travel ; and fusion of manners and intermingling of interests, was harrying on the work of nationality. At the same time, a spirit of activity was infused into every mind ; the peninsula began to be covered with new monuments ; ancient structures were completed and repaired; vast roads were traced out ; agriculture made astonishing progress ; and the arts, sciences, literature, and even the Italian lan guage itself, never received greater encouragement, than during the reign of Napoleon As to that section of the aristocracy which did cot side with Napoleon, it was annihilated by the salutary influence of that arrangement which elevated to the highest posts in the State men whose only recom mendation was their talent. The democratic party had noiselessly appeared, absorbed into the highly-popular admi nistration of Napoleon. The democrats saw that liberty and equality, though not now talked about, were, notwithstanding, realised." These are important admissions, and show in its true light the abstract beneficence and practical good devolving upon the inhabitants of those classic territories through the agency of the Emperor's sovereignty. Nor is the subversion of that wonderful man's power in Italy attri butable to any fallacies or discrepancies in his code, but rather to extraneous circumstances of a most unforeseen description. An internal agitation was excited by the aristocratic party, who had been slighted by Beauhar nais; and this agitation was furthered still more b y cer tain democratic factions of no principle whatever, either moral or political. Fanaticism, in the shape of a new sect, entitled the Carbonari, tended at the same time to stir up the more ignorant among the population; while a foreign interference on the part of the Austrian Go vernment fomented the difficulties of the Viceroy Eugene —difficulties which were brought to their consummation by the disasters of the Russian campaign. Thus—in our estimation, and in *the estimation of all sensible readers of Italian history—a most benign and humanising rule was subverted. Has the cara e bella Italia been a gainer or a loser by the change of masters ? Is not its present position a sufficient answer? " Stray Leaflets from the Oak of German Poetry," are rugged and occa sionally uncouth, but rich with thought and feeling. " Glintings of the Shannon" are picturesque ; but the following, by that accomplished author, G. P. R. .Ttmes, is the most powerful and apropos contribution in the Number:— ON A WAR WITH AMERICA. A cloud is on the western sky, There's tempest o'er the sea, And bankrupt States are blustering high, But not a whit care we. Our guns shall roar, our steel shall gleam, Before Columbia's distant stream Shall own another's sway ; We'll take our stand, And draw the brand, As in the ancient day. • They count on feuds within the isle, They think the sword is broke, They look to Ireland, and they Emile— But let them bide the stroke. When rendered one in hand and heart By robber, war, and swindler art, Home griefs all cast away; We'll take our stand, And draw the brand, As in the ancient day. Oh, let them look to where in bonds For help their bondsmen cry— Oh, let them look ere British hands Wipe out that living lie. Beneath the flag of Liberty We'll sweep the wide Atlantic Sea, And tear their chains away; There take our stand, And draw the brand, As in the ancient day. Veil, starry banner, veil your pride, The blood-red cross before, Emblem of that by Jordan's side, Man's freedom-price that bore. No land is strong that owns a slave, Vain is it wealthy, crafty, brave: Our freedom for our stay, We'll take our stand, And draw the brand, As in the ancient day. Shout, dusky millions, through the world! Ye scourge -driven nations, shout ! The flag of liberty's unfurled, And freedom's sword is out ! The slaver's boastful thirst of gain Tends but to break his bondsman's chain ; And Britain's on th e way To take her stand, And draw the brand, As in the ancient day. This is a fine, stirring, and noble-spirited poem. The number altogether for March is really excellent. ROOD'S MAGAZINE. The principal feature in the March number of this periodical is the commencement of an historical romance, entitled, "Nell Gwynne, or the Court of the Stuarts." Some conception may be formed of its character when we remark that it is thoroughly Ainsworthian, a more precise imitation of manner and incident cannot po-sibly he conceived, the resemblance is little short (to employ a paradox) of identity. Being anonymous, all kinds of conjectures as to the authorship may be indulged in ad libitum. And while we cannot for a moment fix the paternity upon Mr. Ainsworth, we must be allowed to designate the author as his other self. The story opens in the dilapidated and abandoned pre cincts of Whitefriars, otherwise known as Alsatia ; pistols are fired to frighten rats from subterraneous passages, night-prowlers are soundly cudgelled, thunder rolls overhead, house-doors are burst open, and trap doors lifted up, giving all lovers of the wonderful a dish precisely to their palate. Among the personages intro duced are the heroine (of course)—very faintly and feebly done is this sketch, by the way—a nameless knight (as a matter of neceessity. very handsome); a king of the canting crew, christened in the true slang as " Rum• dumber ;" and a young lady disguised as—O thou origi nal novelist !—a page. The whole closes in the most admired confusion ; and altogether the first instalment of this romance is of the usual cut-and-thrust, highly peppered, and ridiculously impossible style. As an other specimen of a well-known genus in fiction, " Nell Gwynne" is satisfactory. A jocose paper on the" Ana tomy of Ghosts" follows ; and immediately afterwards comes a continuation of the " Bushranger of Van Die men's Land." Ono sonnet we must, in cheer grati tude, transcribe ; it is by that right exquisite son neteer, J. Jones : MOONLIGHT ON THE WATERS. "If, from the gorgeous sun, more genial rays, To warm and cheer humanity, unite; His sister-regent of the skies displays A more suggestive, soul-communing light— In this the mystical and vast we trace; In that a festal joy for all our race. Forth on the fancy's musings I o'er the sea, The moon creates a causeway with her beams, Capacious in its shining pageantry, And broad and firm, tho' undulous it seems. Awe creeps upon us as the distance blends, So glassy cold, with space that never ends; And our thoughts reach it, chasten'd and subdued. The flesh is weak to grasp the spheral solitude." Other articles of various merit impart a very tolerable interest to the twenty-seventh number of the Comic Miscellany. NEWTON'S LONDON JOURNAL. As complete as ever in all its departments, the re pertory of arts, sciences, and manufactures, is deserving of a very extensive patronage. One valuable addition we would particularise, we mean the catalogue of " Celestial Phenomena" for the current month ; it is neatly arranged. SIMMONDS'S COLONIAL. In the present Number we have a paper on the growth and production of Indian corn, or maize. and the manu facture of sugar from the stalk, which should be studied attentively by every practical agriculturist, for, if we mistake not, maize is destined ere long to be an impor tant article of diet in this country, and its cultivation will, in many districts, be a source of profit to the oc cupier of land. It yields magnificent crops, and its im portance "will soon be felt in the new application of it to the manufacture of sugar from the stalk, and oil from the meal." As it is grown extensively in the British American provinces, there can be little doubt but that, as far as climate is concerned, it could be cultivated in this country. To those who feel inclined to try the ex periment, the following information may be useful : "A clay soil is not congenial to the growth of Indian corn ; the best preparation for it is a clover ley, made rich by ma nure. If the manure is long and unfermented, spread it on the sod and plough in with a clean smooth furrow. But if the manure consists of compost, or if it has been made fine by fermentation, spread it on the furrow after the land has been ploughed, and incorporate it in the earth by thorough harrowing. Plough but once, and spare no means to do it thoroughly. Plant early ; keep the crop free from weeds, by frequently stirring the soil with the cultivator and hoe; and avoid hilling, especially for corn." We have, in addition to this paper, an interesting ac count of Captain Sturt's expedition into the interior of Australia, and several valuable articles on Colonial Statistics. COLBURA'S UNITED SERVICE MAGAZINE. We would recommen7l: 4 AT'lltleof a Brevet," which is in the present Number of this magrzine, to the at tentive 1 erusal of our legiAa; ors, as an illustration of the iniquity of the system of permitting officers in the army to purchase theiepromotion, a system as impolitic, and un wise as it is unjust and cruel, and to which the happiness of many a gallant officer who was rich only in merit has been mercilessly sacrificed. From an admirable paper "On the more efficient Manning of the Royal Navy," we extract the following observa tions, and we are delighted to see that this, the pro fessional orgsai par excellence, has at length taken up the subject of the injustice of underpaying those to whose services we are indebted for our national existence. " The sailor is like the agriculturist, his labour is his capi tal, and it seems hard that he should not be allowed to take it to the best market. What would be thought of seizing upon an agricultural labourer and making him work for a shilling a day, when the value of his labour was two shil lings? The reason why the royal service is s., unpopular in time of war, is from . the scanty rate of wages : other things may operate more or less, but the principal is the low rate of wages compared with the merchant service. The lowest pay of an able seaman in the latter service last war, was five pounds a month, and rising according to the de mand for, or scarcity of seamen; eight pounds for a run home from the West Indies, occupying about a month, was commonly given, whilst the pay of an able-bodied seaman on beard of - a man-of-war never exceeded one pound twelve shillings a month, and thus it continued to the end of the war. It was then thought too small for peace service, and was raised to thirty-four shillings a month, at which it now stands. We do not mean to argue that the pay of the man of-war seamen should be equal to that of the merchantman, because the former possesses advantages over the latter, which are equivalent to a considerable difference; but we do think, if the Royal Navy is ever the be manned in war time without resorting to impressment, that in the first place the war-pay must be raised ; and next, as far as such a thing can be done, the rate of wages between the royal and the merchant service must in some degree be equalised: then, with the advantage of Greenwich Hospital, and the hand some pensions allowed for servitude, there would be some chance of manning the navy upon the volunteer system. "At this moment of writing, we are increasing our navy but seamen come in very slowly. Where are they? The American navy is almost manned with British seamen ; and why? Because the wages are higher than in the British navy. If we have a war, no doubt her Majesty will issue her proclamation, commanding all British seamen in foreign services to return to their allegiance and their country; and we doubt not every loyal English sailor will obey the call, and come forward to serve her Majesty.. But at what a sa crifice! Is it to be expected that a man who is receiving from Si. to 4/. a mouth for his labour, should leave that ser vice, and enter one where he would only receive 1/. 145.? "Here is a clear case established for the necessity for an increase of pay to our seamen in war-time, if we wish them to serve us. This great country is rich enough to pay men a fair remuneration for their services." We shall look with interest to the continuation of this valuable paper. The other articles are ail of more than average merit. This is a most entertaining as well as most instructive number of the United Service Ma gazine. DOLMAN'S MAGAZINE. We regret to find in the present number of this maga zine the following announcement:— "NOTE FROM THE EDlTOR.—Having, thus far, addressed our readers as 'the Editor of Dolman's Maguine,' we think it right to state to them that they will hear from us no longer in that character. This number is the last which we shall have the pleasure of carrying through the press. It is deemed desirable that the conductor of the publication should reside in London. In resigning, therefore, the post of Editor of Dolman's Magazine, we have to thank those writers who have, thus far, supported us, and have corresponded with us in so courteous a spirit as to have often tempted us to throw aside our incognito and claim them as personal friends. Cheerfully, also, do we recognize our obligation to those re • viewers who have so generally approved our endeavours to establish a periodical which, representing feelings we would believe to be those of British Catholics,• should contain no expression calculated to embitter the social relations of any class, to offend the sincerity of the religionist, or the self respect of the gentleman and scholar. Respecting ourselves and others, our Protestant contemporaries have treated us with respect. May the approbation which the public press has so generously bestowed upon us, be continued to our successor !" It is with regret that we take leave of the talented, warm-hearted, gentlemanly-minded man, who has hitherto edited ' this Ma gazine, and to whose care and judgment it is mainly indebted for the high character which it has acquired. May his successor tread in his footsteps. GREAT CHORAL MEETING IN AID OF THE HULLAH TESTIMONIAL FUND. A second meeting of the pupils of Mr. Hullah was held last evening at Exeter-hall ,for the purpose of giving a grand choral performance, for the benefit of the Hullah Testimo nial Fund, in aid of the erection of a new Music Hall. On this occasion Mr. W. H. Seguin lent his assistance. The first part of the performance consisted of sacred music; the second of secular music ; the whole concluding with th e National Anthem. Mr. May officiated as conductor. Nothing could exceed the precision and the accuracy of the choral singers, and their proficiency b ears amp l e test i mony to t h e plan of Wilhelm, and to the assiduity of Mr. Hullah as a teacher. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert walk .d in the grounds and plantations of Osborne House, on Tuesday afternoon. 'Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wale::, Prince Alfred, the. Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice were taken out on ponies, on Tuesday afternoon, in the plea sure grounds of Osb .)rue House. Yesterday the unfavourable state of the weather throughout the afternoon prevented her Majesty and Prince Albert, and the Royal Family, from taking their accustomed walks and rides. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent left her residence, Clarence House, St. James's, at half-past nine o'clock yesterday morning, on a visit to her Majesty' the Queen Dowager, at Wit:ey Court, Worcestershire. ller Royal Highness proceeded to the terminus of the London and Birmingham railway, attended by Lady Fanny Howard and Colonel Sir George Couper, Bart., and took her departure from the Eustoa-square station at ten o'clock. Mr. Mosquera, the Charge d'Affairs of New Granada, transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. Mr. William F. Harniliton, M.P., had an interview with Sir Robert Peel yesterday. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England had a general meeting yesterday afternoon at the office in Whitehall-place. There were present the Archbishops of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Winchester, the Bishop of Carlisle, the Bish ,, p of Ely, the Bishop of Hereford, the Bishop of Oxford, and the Earl of Besstorough. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. LIVERPOOL—TUESDAY NIGHT, TWELVE O'CLOCK. The steeple-chase, it is fully expected, will furnish a field of at least twenty-four horses, to be taken from the fol lowing : Lord Waterford's Firefly, aged, 12st 81b Mr. W. G. Loft's br h Cure-all, aged, 12st 41b Lord Howth's Switcher, 5 yrs, 12st 41b air. Adam's Pioneer, 6 yrs, 1 Ist 121 b Lord Waterford's Regalia, aged, list 121 b Mr. C. Brooke's Eagle, aged, list 121 b Captain Campbell's Crcesus, aged list 121 b Mr. Atkinson's Golden Pippin, aged, list 121 b Sir R. Brooke ns Alice Gray, Ilst 121 b Mr. Wyndham's MajorA, 6 yrs, I Ist 61b Mr. Austin's Troubadour, aged, list 61b Mr. Payne nd Culworth, aged, list 41b Mr. G. Lambden's Carlow, Ilst 41b Mr. Hammond, rd Brenda, aged, list 41b r eDßmi nienr " e NATIONAL s . Mr. Robertson's Tinderbox, aged, list 41b Mr. Ekins's Peter Simple, aged, list 21b Captain Barnett's Boxkeeper, Ilst Mr, H. L. Carter's Homihiharriho, aged, list Mr. Hey's Lancet, aged, llst Captain Barnett's Marmeluke, lOst 121 b Mr. G. Lambden's Pickwick, lOst 101 b Lord Sefton nd The Artist, 6 yrs, lOst 81 1 ) Hon. F. Craven nd Perambulator, 6 yrs, lOst 81b Mr. S. Crawfurd's Veluti, 6 yrs, lOst 61b Mr. Pearce's The Scavenger, 6 yrs, 10st 21b Sir R. Brownrigg's nd Lady Grey, lOst Betting hitherto has been very flat, but a few small investments have been made at the following prices :-6 to 1 agst Eagle c taken ), 7 to 1 agst Lancet, 8 to 1 agst Veluti, 10 to I agst I , irefly , 10 to 1 agst Carlow , 12 to agst Golden Pippin, 14 to 1 agseCulverthorpe, 13 to 1 agst Switcher, and 15 to 1 agst Brenda. All the horses engaged in the Hurdle Handicap are on the spot, and most of them will run. Entry for the Flat Race-50 sous. given by the Earl of Sefton, added to a Sweepstakes of 10 soya. each, 5 ft, &c. Lord Chesterfield's The Poor Soldier, 6 yrs—Lord Howth's Switcher, 5 yrs—Mr. R. Bell's Rosins, 4 yrs—Mr. Mostyn's Apparition, 3 yrs—and Mr. b c by Phoenix, out of l'Hirondelle, 3 yrs—Sir J. Gerard's C H ! STEEPLE-CHASE (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) fi v e, Bst 101 b ; six and aged, 9st ; fillies AND R ACE S- --- WEDNitsDAY. Fifty Pounds , given by the Earl of Sefton, added to a Sweep stakes of 0 sous. each, 5 ft. ; for three yrs old, 6st 71b ; allowed 31bs. The second to save his stake. One mile. (7 Subs.) four, Bst 31b ; ' The Premier , 3 Mr. R. J. Mostyn s , yrs ...... cr. Williams) 1 Mr Binnie's Apparition, 3 yrs .................... ... 2 Lord Howth's Switcher, 5 yr 5..... ....... 3 Hon. E. M. H. MostYn's b c by Phoenix, out of L'Hiron delle, 3 yrs ......... . ....... 4 Lord Chesterfield's The Poor Soldier, 6 y rs Sir J. Gerard's Camelia, 3 yrs ....................... .....„. Mr. R. Bell's Rosins, 4 yrs „..... ...... Betting-6 to 4 agst Poor Soldier, 4to 1 each agst The Premier and L'Hirondelle colt, 5 to 1 each agst Switcher and Apparition. Won easy. Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 soya, 10 ft, and 5 only if de clared, with 100 added. The second to save his stake. Mr. Adams's Pioneer, by Advance, 6 yrs, list 121 b 1 Mr. Payne na Culverthorne, aged, I Ist 41b 2 Lord Howth's Switcher, 5 yrs, 12st 41b The following also started, but were not placed :—Lord Waterford's ch g Firefly, aged, 12st 81b—Mr. W. G. Loft's Cure. all, aged, 12st 41b—Lord Waterford's Regalia, aged, list 121b—Mr. C. E. Brooke's , Ea —le 8 aged, list 121b—Mr. Atkinson's Golden Pippin , aged, I Ist 121b—Mr. Wyndham's Major A., 6 y r s, list 61b—Mr. Austin's Troubadour, aged, list 61b —Mr. Lambden's Carlow, list 41b—Mr. Hammond na Brenda, aged, list 41 b — Mr. Robertson's Tinderbox, aged, 1 Ist 41b—Mr. Ekin's Peter Simple, aged, 1 Ist 21b—Mr. Carter's llomihiharriho , aged, 1 lst--Mr. Hey's Lancet, aged, list—Captain Barnett's Mameluke, lOst 121b—Mr. G. Lamb den's Pickwick, lOat 101b—Hon. F. Craven na Perambulator, 6 yrs, lOstilb—Mr. Crawfurd's Veluti, 6 yrs, lOst 61b—The Scavenger, lOst 21b— ) and Lady Grey, lOst. Won by three lengths. A Free Handicap Hurdle Stake of 10 soya, each, 5 ft, with 50 added. Two miles ; over six hurdles. Sir W. Don's Sir Edward, aged, lOst 21b ... ...... (011iver) 1 Captain Campbell's Crcesus, aged, lOst 121 b .. . The following also started :—.Mr. Clifton's Pedlar, aged, 12st—Lord Chesterfield's New Brighton, 6 yrs, Ilst 101 b Mr. Duckworth's Clear-the-Kitchen, aged, 1 Ist 71b—Mr. Ralph na Everten, 6 yrs, list 41b—Mr. Roberts's Quick silver, 6 yrs, 1 lst—Mr. Heap's Chintz Print, 6 vrs, lOst 10lb —Mr. Cross na Singlepeeper, aged, lOst 81b-111r. W. Turner na Sands, 6 yrs, lOst 61b—Mr. Henderson's The Artist, 6 yrs, lOst 61b—Mr. Dymock's Grace Darling, 103t—Mr. Sutcliffe's Alice, 9st 131 b—and Mr. King's Artful Dodger, aged, 9st 101 b. Ito 2 eget Pedlar. Won 17 a head. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITU- TION. During the week Doctor I3achhoffner has been giving a series of lectures on astronomy in the theatre of this most useful institution. His remarks on the Copernican system, aided by effective diagram; showed the incor rectness of the opinions of Ptolemy and Tycho on this science. These elementary lectures, totally divested of the tramels of scientific technicalities, were well adapted to the capacity of the young. His opini,n that a man versed in astronomy, and professing to be an atheist, mast be a madman, was evidently most satisfactory to his audience. These lectures will continue three times a week during Lent. The Learned Doctor was accompa nied duriug his lectures by Doctor Wallis, musical di• rector to the above establishment, and organist of St. Paul's, Herne-hill, en an extraordinary new musical instrument, called the "melodian," invented by Mr. Grovei, a native of Dublin, The singular volume and power of so small and portable an instrument has excited the strongest surprise amongst all who heard it. Its dimensions are only 18 inches by 22 inches, and four or five inches deep, bein:, in fact, no larger than a lady's writing-desk, and when it is unclasped it presents two chambers to view, one is opened by a spring out of view, the other is found by pressing on the chamber. On the top chamber are ivory studs in the order of a piano forte keys with the flats or sharps, and it has the extent of four octaves, from F in the bass to F in alt. in the treble, In the act of performing the motion of the wrists, by pressing on the chamber keeps up a continu ous strain of wind on the vibrators, sal in this point it differs from all portable hand instruments, and by the discretion of the performer, produces eff,-cts from the soft passages to the strong chora effects of the organ. It is best adapted for church music, but from its quick ness of touch, rapid passages can likewise be performed. POLITICAL ECONOMY- The Rev. John Dufton, MA., rector of Warehome, Kent, whose excellent introductory lecture, delivered to the members of the Ashford Mechanics' Institution in March last, we had the pleasure of 'noticing in these columns, has, we rejoice to perceive, again been directing his mental energies to the noble task of imparting gra tuitous instruction to his fellow-men ; and the result is a lecture, which, preceding as it does from the incum bent of an obscure Kentish village, would yet, from the soundness of its principles and lucid exposition of its theories, bring honour to the most enlightened philoso pher of our refined and intellectual metropolis. The subject of Mr. Dufton's lecture is the " Art and Science of Political Economy," than which a more interesting or more useful study, at the present juncture, cannot pos sibly be urged upon public attention. If we would have men arrive at right conclusions, -we must first imbue them with right notions, and give them right views. Raillery and ridicule may now mid then accomplish our purpose. Powerful arguments, addressed to some par ticular object, may sometimes produce the desired effect. But the great end to be aimed at is to imbue the minds of the people with general sound principles, the applica tion of which shall be invariable in all cases ; and there never was a period when it was more important that the science and application of political economy should be universally understood and appreciated by our fellow countrymen, and fellow-creatures at large, than the pre sent. We can only say we heartily wish we had amongst us more shrewd, clearheaded, men of the North, like the author of this lecture, to disperse the prejudices and ignorance of our southern provinces. We would gladly, if our space permitted, present our readers with copious extracts from Mr. Dufton's lecture, but we are compelled to confine ourselves to a brief and simple outline. For many, the very words " Political Economy" possess an alarming sound. It is an association of somewhat in congruous terms which they do not comprehend, so they fancy they must mean treason, revolution, and innova tion. Mr. Dufton, therefore, prudently commences by defining political economy, as the science which treats of the production, distribution, and consumption of wealth ; or otherwise, as the " Science of Exchanges ;" or the " Philosophy Commerce." He then notices vari ous objections advanced against this science, and proves that wealth, of which it treats, has no more necessary connexion with the vice of covetousness, than with the virtue of charity. The superiority of science over the unaided common sense of the judicious man, or the mere experience of the practical man, is next decidedly esta• blished, in order to justify the application of scientific rules even to such a subject as the sources and distribu tion of wealth. After a while we find the studies of the theologian exercising a graceful influence over the mind of the political economist. He contemplates the mar vellous phenomena connected with man as a rational agent, and as a member of society—the wonderful har mony subsisting betwixt private interests and public good, and the astonished, undesigned, and unconscious co-operation of thousands of disconnected beings for some one important object—such, for instance, as the victualling of a large city—and in all these things he discovers proofs of Divine wisdom, and of an all- di recting Providence, as strikingly displayed as in the organic structure of the human body, or in the glorious works of creati .n. Again, the theologian comes to the assistance of the political economist, and shows satis factorily that the progress of national wealth, and ad vancement of civilisation, are perfectly consistent with the moral improvement of mankind ; for the chief im pediments of this progress, and hindrances of this ad vancement, are the very things which God has either expressly forbitAen, or the opposite of what he bath expressly enjoined. Such are wars, violence, insurrec tions, invasion of property, fraud, and indolence. And therefore the theologian justly argues that results, inva riably springing out of compliance with God's laws, cannot but be favourable to morality and virtue. In conclusion, he repudiates the absurd doctrine that rural ignorance must of necessity be associated with purity of morals, and that vice is the noxious exhalation of thronged cities and crowded workshops ; whilst he powerfully demonstrates the humanising tendency of commerce betwixt different nations, inasmuch as, by making them mutually dependent upon sash other, it enlists self-interest on the side of peace, harmony, and civilisation. We think we remember to have met with a specimen of that particular genus of which Mr. Dufton speaks, as "not only thinking, but w i sh i ng to think, that a con dition little removed from the savage state—one of ignorance, grossness, and poverty—unenlightened, semi barbarous, rbarous, and stationary, is the most favourabie to virtue." He was a country squire, a keen rider, and unerring shot. But he stuck to flint and steel, and rdected percussion-caps as an innovation. He r e f use d to drain his estates—not so his tenants' pockets. He preferred peat and wood for his fires, with all their dust and dirt, to good coal. He ridiculed the idea of teaching the poor to read and write, with Jack Cade, deeming it enough for an honest plain-dealing man to have a mark to himself. He anathematised railways, for they had spoiled his hunting. And the last time we heard of him he was posting at the cost of two shillings per mile, and at the rate of nine miles an hour, when he might have occupied a comfortable first-class carriage for three pence per mile, and have travelled at the rate of twenty five miles an hour. Well, the genus is almost extinct. It has always shunned the bright glare of towns, and sought shelter in the deep seclusion of sequesttrred vales. Now, alas, railways and mechanics' institutions, are breaking up even these last retreats. Proud ignorance must soon seek a home elsewhere than in populous Eng -I.ind. Nor are any doing more to render this curious genus a matter of past history, than men who, like Mr. Dufton, in some comparatively limited and obscure sphere, bring forth, for the edification of their own neighbourhood, stores of knowledge which would do credit to any station, however elevated. We cannot quit this eloquent and admirable lecture without expressing a hope that it also, like the former one, is only introductory ; and that the lecturer, having displayed to his hearers the open portal and inviting path, will ere long guide them into the interior of the temple of philosophy. PRINTING FOR THE BLIND. Major BENIOWSKI'S PRIMER for the BLIND. A New System for TEACHING the Blind to Read. The expedient of Columbus for making the egg stand on its narrow end was (as the sailors said at the time) no more than they could have used themselves, if they had thought of it. The experiment by which Major Beniowski renders the printing types, and the manner of printing now in use for the Seeing, available for the Blind, is so obvious, practicable, and easy, that it is truly a matter of wonder that no one ever thought of it before. Yet, to effect the desirable object of enabling the blind to read, great ingenuity has been exercised by benevolent and accomplished men, and vast sums of money have been expended to enable them to carry the laudable purpose into execution. The first step to wards the accomplishment of this end, was the printing of raised or embossed characters to be distinguished by touch—a sense which, by a happy compensation, is mostly of peculiar delicacy in the blind, and especially in those born blind. So much having been achieved, many difficulties of no trifling magnitude re mained to be overcome. Types had to be cast, in which the face of the letters was sunk, instead of raised as in the ordinary type, and for this purpose a costly set of matrices had to be cut. Again, for the sake of simplicity of form in the characters, and the con vquent facility of learning the alphabet, a very clever some sys time temof ago 0 0 i r n t the " Sun" report of a public meeting and examination and hand was effective adopted, modification and,as o f a p Bp Y e appeared of the society's pupils at the London Tavern, with very r7 ' s great success. It is greatly to be regretted that this in genious, and in many respects excellent plan, has been to a great extent laid aside i n consequen ce of the di ffi culty of finding or perhaps o f forming teachers. But the untiring philanthropists were not checked by this obstacle. New matrices were cut, of course, at great expense—and new type w ere cast of an alphabet in bold capitals, adapted to produce the embossed letters. Here, then, we might say the desired (and devoutly to be desired) object is attained. But the cost is still, and mast continue to be very great. P. is true, that cost has not been allowed to check the benevolence of the society in a single effort. Yet for the sake of the interesting class of bereaved persons themselves whose solace is de s i gne d, to di m i n i s h t h e ex p lise is of an importance not t o b e di sregar d e d. B'niowski positively reduces it, from first to last, to the cost of ordinary printing. The books of the society are necessarily limited to portions of the Scriptures. By the method illustrated in Beniowski's primer, copies of any book composed in common type for the seeing, may be struck off for the blind by a very cheap and inexpen- , sive arrangement. Perhaps there is not a more gratify ing achievement than this to be found in all the triumph s of mo dern ingenuity. ENORMOUS AMOUNT OF CRlME.—During an inquest on Wednesday, at the Penitentiary, 'Milbank, Captain Grove, the governor, stated that within two years and a half they had; trans ported from that prison upwards of eleven thousand prisoners. Of these, there were, males, 9,445, and females, 1,717, besides which there were Juvenile offenders, Who were koot for twelve mnoths pre yiouS to transportation. SEAMEN'S HOSPITAL SOCIETY. The 25th anniversary of this corporation was celebrated veeterday by a dinner at the London Tavern. The chair was taken by tile Earl of Ellenliorough, the new First Lord of the Admiralty ; and his Lordship was supported by Lord Colville, Lord Colchester, Sir C. Malcolm, Sir J. H. Melly, Admiral Bowles, M.P., Admiral Tomlinson, General Palley, Li. utenant Waghorn, II N., Captain W. A. B. Hamilton, &c. There were about one hundred and twenty gentlemen present. By the report laid on the table, it appeared that the Society had received on board the Dreadnought, during the last year, 2,421 sick and diseased seamen of all nations (1,349 of whom were discharged cured), besides affording medical relief to 1,595 out-patients After the usual loyal toasts, and that of "The Army," the toast of "The Nay?' was responded to by Lord COLVILLE, who stated that the navy of this country, if it should be called upon, would be found in a most efficient state. It was ready for war, in case of need.—( Hear.) The CHAIRMAN, in giving "Success to the Seamen's Hos— pital, and the Committee of Management thereof," observed, that he was present at the formation of this institution, and had been a subscriber to it ever since. He mentioned this to show that his regard for the naval service was not new-born, not a thing of the day.—(Cheers.) Admiral BOWLES acknowledged the toast, and proposed the health of the Chairman. The CHAIRMAN observed, that the gentlemen of the naval service were to consider him, as Lord Colville had said, one of themselves, identified with them in feeling, and resolved to support the interests of the service and its honour. It would be a subject of the highest gratification if circumstances should enable them to add greater triumphs to those already achieved.— (Cheers.) In responding to the toast of " The Lords of the Ad miralty," The CHAIRMAN remarked, that while there was much that was gratifying in the position in which he bad been placed there was a great deal that was most distressing ;—day after day, to see officers, and read their memorial, stating services which it was perfectly impossible adequately to reward, and asking employment which it was impossible to give, was by far the most painful situation in which he ind been placed in the whole course of his life ; it was only in the discharge of a great public obligation that he could consent to fulfil the duties of an office in which so much pain was to be endured. All he could say was, that he would look to the services of all officers, be they who they might, with perfect fairness ; he cared not one rush about the politics of any one of them.— (Great cheering. ) He had a much higher ambition than to maintain any party—the ambition to do justice to the de serving officer, and maintain the honour and efficiency of the British navy ; and he would not condescend to perform the duty at the Admiralty if he could not do this satisfactorily. The subscriptions of the evening were here announced to amount to 1,2751., including h, r Majesty's annual contribu tion of 105!. ; the Trinity-house, 300/. ; the Merchant Elder Brethren, 1001. ; the East India Company, 105/. A donation of 14/. from " the American shipmasters" was an nounced amidst some good-humoured laughter, followed by a hearty cheer. The CHAIRMAN, in proposing the health of Lieutenant Waghorn, observed th a t h e never met a man of moreinde fatigable energy, and he believed that but for him the pro ject of the overland route to India would never have been carried out. Lieutenant WAGIIOIOF, who was most enthusiastically re ceived, remarked that the Noble Earl in the chair was the man who, 17 years ago, when President of the India Board, first suggested the overland route.—(Cheers.) The origi nator of the project at that time, his Lordship had been its patron ever since. —(Hear, hear.) I thank you all (added Lieutenant Waghorn), but I trust I shall yet receive more praise from you.—(Loud cheers.) Several other appropriatb toasts were drunk, and that of " The Wooden Walls of England" concluded the festivity. PARLIAMEN TAR Y DIV ISIONS. (From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.) WEDNESDAY, MARCH 4. BEQUESTS FOR PIOUS AND CHARITABLE PURPOSES BILL. Order for Second Reading read ; Motion made, and Question pro posed, " That the Bill he now read a second time :"—Amendment proposed, to leave out the word " now," and at the end of the Ques tion to add the words " upon this day six months :"—Question put, " That the word ' now' stand part of the Question." The House divided : MINORITY—AYES, 24. Acland, T. D. Duncan, George O'Connell, Maurice Archbold, Robert Ebrington, Viscount O'Connell, M. J. Bentinck, Lord G. Fielden, John O'Connell, John Borthwiek, Peter Glynne, Sir S. O'Conor, Don Bretherton, J. Hanmer, Sir John Somerville, Sir W. Browne, W. Hope, Alexander Trelawny, J. S. Clive, Viscount Howard, P. H. TELLERS. Courtenay, Lord M'Carthy, Alex. Manners, Lord J. Dickinson, F. H. Mines, R. M. Buller, Charles MAJORITY-NOES, 60. A'Court, Captain Ferrand, W. B. 3forpeth, Viscount Allix, J. P. Forster, Matthew Newdegate, N. Arkwright, George Frewen, C. H. Patten, J. W. Baillie, Colonel Goulburn, Henry Peel, Jonathan Baring, W. B. Graham, Sir J. Protheroe, Edward Berestord. Major Greene, Thomas Sheppard, T. .. . . . . Bowles, Admiral Grey, Sir G. Sibthorp, Colonel Broadley, H. Grogan, E. Spooner, R. Bruce, Lord E. Hawes, Benjamin Stansfleld, W. R. Buller, Edward Henley, J. W. Stanton, W. H. Buller, Sir J. Y. Herbert, Sidney Strait, Edward Cardwell, Edward Hindley, Charles Sutton, Henry Colouhoun, John Hodgson, R. Thesiger, Sir F. Crawford, W. S. Hume, Joseph Thornely, Thomas Cripps, William Hussey, T. Trench, Sir F. 1 /ennistoun, John Inglis, Sir It. Walpole, S. H. D'Eyncourt, C. T. Jermyn, Earl Wawn, J. T. Douglas, Sir C. Jocelyn, Viscount Wortley, J. S. Ellice, Edward Kelly, Sir Fitzroy TELLERS. Rscott, Bickham Lawson, A. Young, John Estcourt, T. G. Mahon, Viscount Baring, lienry PARLIAMENTARY BUSINEB6. From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 4. The following Petitions for Railways were reported, and the Bill , erili.red to be brought in by the underuanied Hon. Members : Nor ilk Extension (Stowmarket, Wymondham, and Attleborough Branch—Mr. Wodehouse and Mr. W. Collett. Manchester and Leeds Extensions, &c.—Mr. M. Philips and Mr. Entwisle. Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester—Colonel Baillie, Mr Pendarves, Mr. T. Hussey, and Mr. M'Geachy. Wear Dock Railway—Mr. Granger and Mr. Wawa. PEERS AND PARVENUS.—That highly important topic the education of the poor, has seldom been more actively dis cussed in the leading coteries of the day or at the dinner par ties of the season, than now that its powerful interest has been so strikingly impressed upon the public, in Mrs. Gore's new novel of " Peers and Parvenus." We have to thank that lady for having led the way to a battle. field which can not be too eagerly disputed, till the good cause shall prevail. It must be admitted, meanwhile, that seldom has so grave a question been interwoven with such amusing details, or in vested with so engrossing an interest. THE NEW TIMoN.—A contemporary critic observes, that, " were it not for the introduction of characters who have only figured since his death, this poem might well pass for a posthumous production of Lord Byron himself. It has much of the Byronic keen and subtle wit—his elegant flow— his rapid perception. Certainly the author need bow his head to none of his competitors. He has many of the first requisites of his art. His mind is elevated and pure; his dic tion terse, vigorous, and mellifluous; there is thought, ideal ity, in his lines; and, in addition, a quality which, in these days, will be a great recommendation—his narrative is full of interest. There is much too of satire, keen, caustic, and severe. Witness that on O'Connell 1 In a word, we think "The New Timon" a production which will have a wide and lasting reputation." THE LATE EXPLOSION AT DOVER.—The borough Coroner completed his adjourned inquest on the bodies of the men killed by the explosion of gunpowder in a cave in Dover Cliffs. Since the adjournment, another man has died of his wounds, making the thirteenth sufferer by the accident. It appeared from the evidence adduced yesterday, that for some time past the cave had been con verted into a kind of beer-shop, to supply the labourers employed on that particular part of the line, aotwithstanding the dangerous nature of the contents, which they were perfectly aware of. The jury found the following verdict:—" That the deceased were killed by the ex plosion of a certain quantity of gunpowder, not being properly pro tected from the possibility of an accident; and that the said explo sion was caused by a lighted pipe being dropped by one of the de ceased on the said gunpowder." BRITISH COLONIAL BANK AND LOAN COMPANY.- The fifth annual meeting of this company was held yesterday, at the *Mee in Moorgate-street ; James Stewart, Esq., in the chair. From the report of the directors it appeared that the colony of New South Wales was improving. Since the last general meeting, a reduction of the liabilities of the company had been made to the extent of 4,1001., to the 31st of Dec-ember last; and since the closing of the year's accounts a further reduction of 5,3001. had been effected, making a total of 9,4001. All the other debts affecting the assets of `'- the company were in a train of settlement. The expenses of the company would have been further reduced, had it sot been for the law charges in the colony Incurred in foreclosing the mortgages. The call made on the 2d of October was met in a satisfactorymana ner. The directors had to express their regret at the death receipts c o o i u i n l e t an i in of interest, though small, 8 " received to 30th their late respected chairman, Sir t .tt Herbert a directors t Compton. Theta ma ki making 6d. ; hi. June, 1845, wa53 , 8991 . a small dividend. l'le t in sa teres 7d t ; on the I r o e r i g t s a g , e 2 5,706/. 7s. favour of the company tercet duo, 1,950/. ; t0g w e aa the 5 r :39 8 4 ,5 1. 5 6 6 9 1.. 6 1 8 1 . d. T T he he bal in ai te i r c e e s o t f du ac e to the 30th June, 1845, was 34,372/. 19s. Bd. After the reading of the a long and tedious discussion took place, Mr. Rhodes, Mr. Coming, Mr. Cook, an d o th ers took in which the chair man, r p o parr,r report, f u r d .M it as con i cluded by the adoption o f th e repert and the declara tion of a dividend of 2 per cent. Sir Francis Shuckburgh, Bart., Colonel Sir W. Gossett, and John Shewell, Esq., were re-elected directors, when the meeting adjourned. COMMISSION OF LUNACY.—Yesterday a writ de luna tic° inquirendo was executed at the Swan Hotel, Chertsey, Surrey, before Francis Barlow, Esq., master in lunacy, and eighteen special jurors, of whom G. Alider, Esq., was foreman, to inquire as to the state of the mind of Leonora Harrison, aged 47, described in the com• mission as of Addlestone, in the county of Surrey, spinster. The un fortunate lady is a relative of S ir R. H. Inglis,Bart., M.P., wh o being trustee for 15,0001. left by her late father , had Instigated th e n on the part of the step - mother for proper a d m i n istration of the trust , and issuing of the commissio after er a patient investigation the jury returned a verdict, dating the unsoundness of mind from Decem ber 22, 1845. IGNORANCE AND CRIME.—The calend ar f or t h e pre sent Salford hundred intermediate sessions contains the names of sixty•five persons charged with felony, twenty-one of whom can neither read nor write, thirty-nine can read, or read and write im perfectly, and three can read and write well. The degree of instruc tion received by the remaining two is not specified. There are also nine persons charged with misdemeanour, of whom four can read, or read and write imperfectly, and five can neither read nor write. — Manchester Guardian. ALARMING FIRE AT DocKHEAD.—On Wednesday morning, between four and five o'clock, a fire was discovered in the premises belonging to Mr. W. J. Day, a boot and shoemaker, of New-street, Dockhead. The flames originated in the back parlour, and passing from thence up the staircase they extended to the upper rooms and penetrated the roof. The family having been aroused before the fire had gained much hold, they were enabled to effect a safe retreat from the premises. Three engines were quickly set to work and the flames were happily arrested in their progress, but they were net entirely extinguished until a considerable quantity of pro perty was destroyed. The origin of the fire is unknown. A Doa SCROOL.—A Mr. Henry Winfield, of Utica, United States, announces that ho has opened a dog school, where he will teach dogs to go on errands as correctly as any boy ten years old —to dance as well as the most accomplished dancer, waltz, cut the pigeon wing, to count the number of persons In the room, also to dis • tinguish the number and colour of persons present—American paper. The half-yearly meetings of Railway Companies con tinue. The Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway pro ceeds with satisfaction to the shareholders. The balance in the hands of the Company to carry on the works is 212,356/. 4s. 3d. The Hull and Selby Railway Company pays a dividend of 21. 7s. 6d. per share. At the Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester Railway meet ing the undertaking was represented as highly favourable. The works are all in a satisfactory condition. The Leeds and Thirsk works are proceeding actively, and an arrangement has been entered into by the directors with the Lancashire and Yorkshire North-Eastern for constructing the Wharfdale branch from Bramhope to Skipton. The Bedford and London and Birmingham Company are proceeding as quickly as possible. Application has been made to Parliament for a Bill to extend the line from the Bedford terminus to Cambridge, by a separate and independent capital ; and, with the concurrence of the London and lairmingham Railway Company, arrangements have been concluded with the Eastern Counties Railway, for leasing to the latter the extension line, when made, at a rent eqhuettlt4 Glasgow, per cent. per annum upon the capital, and half Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr Railway pays a and a balance of 4,221/. 4s. 4d. has been carried to the n ext pected to be opened on p di r v o l fi d ts end of T 7 per cent., year's account. The Furness Railway the Ist of Slay. The Southampton and isDorchester,xewy of progress.— a and the Water ford and Limerick Railways are eac h in a fair Times. SIR JOHN Ross. — ln eo nse q unnce of the unfortunate so well known as the explorer of the bankruptcy of Sir John Ross , Arctic Regions, his appointment as Consul-General at Stockholm has been resc i n d e d. The salary attached to the office was 550/. per annum. His bankruptcy is attributable to his connexion with the London and Dublin Trades' Bank, of which he was Deputy•Chair m se, and being called upon to pay his quota of loss to the share holders. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. DISTRIBUTION OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SQUADRON. MALTA, FEB. 24.—1 n Malta Harbour—The Hibernia, 120, Captain Peter Ridrrds, C. 8., bearing the flag of Vice- Admiral Sir William Parker, Bart., G.C.8., the Commander in -Chief; Ceylon, 12, recei v i ng - s hi p , b ear i ng t h e flag of Rear-Admiral Sir L. Curtin, Bart., second in command, and Superintendent of Malta Dockyard; Amazon, 19, Captain J. Stopford; Beacon surveying -vessel, Commander T. Graves; Ponetta surveying -vessel, Commander T. S. Brock; Locust steamer, Lieutenant Eden ; Flamer steam-sloop, Lieutenant Lavie ' • Wee Pet ste am - tug, M. Duncan, master; and Re search, tender to Beacon. At Gibraltar—The Fantome, 16. Commander Sir F. W. E. Nicolson, Bart ; the Meteor, Lieutenant -Commander But tler. At Corfu—The Orestes, 18, Commander E. St. L. Can non ; the Jackal steamer, Lieutenant- Commander W. M. J. G. Pasco. At the ?inns of Athens—The Tyne, 28, Captain W. N. Glasscock, and the Bloodhound steamer, Lieutenant R. Phillips. En route from Smyrna to Malta—The Siren, 16, Com. mander H. E. Edgell. At Constantinople —The Hecla war-stea ner, Commander G. Dula At Bey -rout—The Inconstant, 36, Captain C. 11. Free. mantle. En route from Gibraltar to Malta—Rhadatran-hus :teamer, Mast er-Commander Lean. En route from Malta to Gibraltar and England—Warspite, 50, Captain P. W. P. Wallis. Sailed on the 18th inst. En route from Malta to Beyrout—Virago war-steamer, Commander G. G. Otway. MAIL STEAM-PACKETS. At Malta—The Spitfire steam-stool), Lieut. J. A. Mac donald, and Sydenham, Lieut. D. R. P. Mapleton. En route from Malta to Marseilles—Volcano, Lieut. Crang. En route from Corfu to Malta—The Acheron, Lieut. B. Aplin. PENINSULAR AND ORIENTAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY'S FLOTILLA. En route from Southampton and Gabralt:z to Malta—The Oriental. At Southampton— The Tagus. En route from Malta to Gibraltar and Southampton—. Great Liverpool. En route from Malta to Alexandria—The Iberia. Expected here daily. En route to Constantinople and ports of the Black Sea from Malta—The Duke of Wellington. En route from ports of Black Sea and Constantinople to Malta —The Achilles. Foreign ships of war and packets in port—The French steamer Rhamses and Alexandre, and Anglo-Maltese steamer Scotia, and Neapolitan steamer Mongibello. PORTSMOUTII, WISDNESDAY.—The Childers, 16, having un dergone a thorough overha u l an d re p a i r , was re - commissioned this morni ng by the appointment to her of Commander John C. Pitman, 1842, who was midshipman of the Rose, at the battle of Navarino, and as lieutenant of the Blenheim and Druid was in all the operations on the coast of China, and whose services were officially reported at the taking of Canton in 1841. The Childers was masted on Saturday, but being a smaller brig than the Harlequin and Wanderer, will have a smaller complement, 110, we believe. The Carysfort, 26, Captain Seymour, went out of harbour this morning to Spithead, in tow of the Echo tug. She will, it is expected, be paid advance to-morrow, and inspected on Friday by th e C omman d er -i n -Chi e f , w h om s h e saluted with 17 guns on going out. She looks a very handsome vessel, and sits beautifully upon the water. The Wanderer, 16, Commander Somerville, has left the basin, and is now shipping her heavy stores alongside the jetty. She got her lower yards across yesterday afternoon. The Harlequin, 16, Commander Curry, has her top-gallant rigging fitted ready for going over the mast-heads. She filled her tanks to-day, and only wants about 30 to complete her complement. The ship's company have petitioned their commander to apply to the Admiralty for permission to have their mess tables and stools taken away, in order to give them more room. The Janus, steam-sloop, went out of harbour on Friday last, at a quarter before seven, A. 51., and proceeded round the Isle of Wight, by way of St. Helen's, and returned into harbour at seven P.M. On this trip she made from twelve to twenty re volutions per minute, her speed consequently is various, un certain, and unaccountable. She will not go against tide or a fresh wind ; a little sail has an extraordinary effect upon' her, under steam and sail she went nine knots. The Rattler did not leave the harbour on the same day until twenty minutes before twelve, but came up with the Janus near the Needles! The accident the Janus met with on Saturday evening was caused by the breaking of an important part of the machinery, called the " flapper," to repair which it is estimated a month will be required; the Admiralty are con sequently deliberating whether they will allow any further attempts to make the Janus succeed, to occupy the valuable time of the dockyard hands, and cause a fruitless expenditure of the public money. The Earl of Dundonald has gone up to the Board to see about it. The Amphitrite, razee corvette, is under the sheers, to be masted. The Hon. Robert Dundas, Storekeeper-General of the Navy, and a committee of the following officers have this week been testing cables and cordage in the establishment, to ascertain the strength of that made at Deptford, by the machine, as compared with that made by hand in every other of her Majesty's dockyards ;—Nlr. Purda, Master-Attendant of this dockyard ; Mr Morice, Master-Attendant at Dept lord; Mr. Burton and M r . Parsons, master-ropemakers ; Captain Brandreth, R.E., Director of Engineering an d Architectural Works; and Captain Denison, ILE., in charge of works in Portsmouth dockyard. The Scout, 18, Commander Loring, is hourly expected at this port from Sheerness (which she left on Monday), to be paid advance, &c. The intelligence brought yesterday of the Americans having refused the offer of referring the claim to the Oregon territory to arbitration, has caused the most lively sensation at this port, especiall y among the naval cir c l es , a ll l oo ki ng upon a brush with "Jonathan" as likely to be productive of the most glorious results to us. It has been suggested that in the event of our Government not pocketing the affront in tended to be put upon it, but showing by prompt measures its determination to enforce right by alight, that Captain Wallis, of the Warspite, &O (about to come home from the Mediterranean in a fortnight), who was second lieutenant of the Shannon in her conflict with the Chesapeake, should be among the first sent out. NAVAL AND MILITARY PROMOTIONS. Naval Promotions during the Preceding Month, the First Exercise of the Patronage of the First Lord of the Ad miralty, the Earl of Ellenborough, with the Seniority of the Offices Previous Rank. To be Commanders—Sir Wm. Wiseman, Bart. (1838) ; William Lester (1808), on Retired List. To be Lieutenants—John M. Jackson (1840); Philip Hud son (1840); Henry George Simpson (1840); Lacon U. Hammot (1840); George H. H. Greathead (1840); Henry 11. King (1842); Roderick Dew (1842); Henry Boys (1843); Charles 0. H. P. St. John (1840); John F. Ross (1840). Restored to the rank of Lieutenant—Edward Jervis Voules and James B. Kinsman. ISlilitary Promotions During the Preceding Month, with the Regiment in which the Promotion took Place. To be Colonels of Regiments—General Sir Thomas Brad ford, G.C.8., 4th Foot; Major-General George Marquis of Tweeddale, 30th Foot; Major• General Lord Saltoun, 1E.C.8., 55 t h Foot. To be Major—E. Stephenson (brevet), 3d Foot. To be Captains—H. W. Parish, 45th Foot; G. W. Patey, 56th Foot; E. Stanley, 37th Foot, without purchase, vice Lynch, deceased ; M. A. Obert, 97th Foot; W. Webster, without purchase, Unattached ; 11. S. Lumley, 2d Life Guards ; H. P. Chamberlain, 3d Foot ; H. Crawford, 89th Foot; E. D. Atkinson, 37th Foot ; A. Helyar, 7th Light Dragoons; R. Fielden, 44th Foot; A. Patterson, 85th Foot, without purchase; H. Reynolds, Unattached, without pur chase. To be Lieutenants—P. Bunbury, 7th Dragoons ;L. T. Cave, 45th Foot ; H. M. Archdall, 52d Foot ; G. S. Hansom, 56th Foot; E. D. Harvest, 97th Foot; A. Fitzgerald, 3d Foot; H. G. Davies, 32d Foot; W. H. Candler, 80th Foot; C. Richardson, 89th Foot; A. B. Cator, 37th Foot; Sir W. Rus sell, Bart., 7th Light Dragoons; R. C. Stanhope, 7th Foot; Hon. C. W. Agar, 44th Foot ; C. Warburton, 85th Foot. To be Surgeon—F. R. Waring, Staff. The Commander-in-Chief in India has been pleased to make the following promotions until her Majesty's pleasure shall be known. All are death vacancies, and consequently w ro it i l i t i o l u 9 t th p t u o rc v ha ci se D . ee D em at b e e , r: e_xcept when otherwise s t a t e d , f To be Lieutenant-Colonels—George L. Davis, 9th Foot; Charles Barnwell, 9th Foot. To be Majors—Arthur Ogle, 9th Foot; Charles Douglas, 9th Foot; Charles Lewis, 61st Foot ( ah, 7th To be Captains—Charles M. Cre 9th Foot ; Samuel Fisher, 3d Light Dragoons; Charles Elmshirst, 9th Foot; D. M. Bethune, 9th Foot ; W. Shelton, 9th Foot ; H. P. L'Estrange, 29th F oot; K . Murchison, 29th Foot; J. C. Brooke, 31st Foot; R. Shearman, 62d Foot; G. Nicholas, 62d Foot ; F. P. Haines, 80th Foot (7th Dec.); A. Ormsby, 80th Foot ; C. H. Leslie, 80th Foot. To be Lieutenants—Henry Thomas, 9th Foot; H. W. W. White, 3d Light Dragoons; John D. White, ditto; John Rathwell, ditto; C. R. Woollaston, 4th Foot ; W. F. Coryton, ditto; R. G. Cumming, 9th Foot; W. H. Forster, ditto; Thomas Stock, 22d Foot; H. Francis, 29th Foot; H. R. White, ditto ; G. S. G. Henderson, ditto ; E. T. Scudamore, ditto; A. Pilkington, 31st Foot; R. M'Kenzie, ditto ; J. Paul, ditto ; H. P. Hutton, ditto ; C. H. G. Tretton, ditto; A. White, 50th Foot; C. Roberts, 62d Foot; R. A. Cox , ditto ; J. M. W. Hewett, ditto ; G. H . H awes, ditto ; J. Hanham, ditto ; C. Rowland, ditto ; A. H. Har dinge, 80th Foot; G. C. Robertson, ditto; E. W. Kingsley, ditto ; H. C. Smith, ditto ; George Bodle, ditto; A. A. Dick, 29th Foot; J. M. W. Enser, 39th Foot; J. S. Richards, 62d Foot. TO be Cornet—Sergeant-Major George Kountze, 3d Light Dragoons. To be Ensigns—Sergeant-Major John Whiteside, 9th Foot ; Sergeant-Major George Mitchell, 29th Foot ; Quarter master William Jones, 31st Foot ; Sergeant •Major Richard Heaton, 50th Foot; Sergeant-Major William Rudman, 62d Foot ; Colour-Sergeant M. Kirkland, 80th Foot. Officers who have entered the army during the preceding month, at the recommendation of the Commander-in-Chief, the Duke of Wellington :- 7th Dragoon Guards—N. de la Chervis, by purchase, ga zetted Feb. 6. 45th Foot—F. R. Grantham, by purchase, Feb. 6. 52d Foot—T. H. Vyvyan, by purchase, .>eb. 6 ; J. H . Dundas, without purchase, Feb. 6. 56th Foot—W. W. Basset, by purchase, Feb. 6. 92d Foot—Hon. W. Charteris, by purchase, Feb. 6. 97th Foot—T. E. Jones, by purchase, Feb. 6. 2d Life Guards—H. Johnstone, by purchase, Feb. 6. 3d Foot—C. Taylor, from the Royal Military College, by purchase, Feb. 13. sth Foot—L. Fitzgerald, by purchase. Feb. 13. 3ticl Foot—M. Turner, by purchase, Feb. 13. 37th Foot—C. S. Blois, by purchase, Feb. 13. 89th Foot—E. J. Head, by , purchase, Feb. 20. 7th Light Dragoons—W. D. Bushe, by purchase, Feb. 20. 6th Foot—J. R. Blake , by purchase, Feb. 27. 41 Foot—C. J. O. sffiia h Foot—R. Preston w , a byp , tr fromase 48th Feb . Ro3_ 2 al 7. military lege, without purchase, Feb. 27. 56th Foot—F. H. Sykes, by purchase, Feb. 27. 80th Foot—Hon. J. H. M. Brown; from Royal Milit ar y College, without purchase, Feb. 27. ALLEGED CHARGE OF EMBEZZLEMENT AGAINST A RELIEVING OFFICER.—On Tuesday last a person of the name of Ben jamin Bean was apprehended and brought before the magistrates of the Tunstead and Hopping Hundred, at the Smallburgh Union House, in the county of Norfolk, and charged by John Barnard, clerk to the b oar d of guardians, with having uttered a certain forged document, purporting to be a receipt given by Mr. John Bowles, a general shopkeeper of Tunstead, for the sum of 17s. 4d. It appeared from the evidence adduced that the defendant, while acting in his official capacity, had received certain sums of the board of guardians to pay to different tradesmen, and in this case defendant had returned the bill of Mr. Bowles, receipted, and alleged that he had paid it. Mr. Bowles was called, and proved that he had never received the money, nor was that his signature attached. There were several other cases against him of a similar character, and the magistrates remanded. hint, for the purpose of getting other evidence. A GOOD RESOLUTION.—The ladies in Louisiana hate adopted a rule never to marry a man who owes an editor more they one year's subscription.—American po,per,