The Sun. — London, England, 1846-11-12 00:00:00

•-• - --- COURT CIRC ULA R. ' W ''S L, WEDNESDAY.—The Queen accompanied Z i l the Due hers of Cambridge, the Princess Mary, and li e eek t i l , e a r b e d . 'tarY Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of , th e C a ' n , e t '_,:g_ Strelitz walked on the eastern , terrace or ii ,. s _: thia 'morning, hr s l c , It°.Yal Itighness Prince Albert, accompanied Weimar, torepQr_e_l° -Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Eque,,..;!.ur•an, and Colonel Hall, and attended by the th e - :'. In Waiting, the Hon. Captain Gordon, enjoyed '1 )0 tt of sho i rk, R ° mg taorni; 'Yal Family took their accustomed ex , rete l. t t h e is . / /e ; % on the terraces and grounds around thLe herl kajc, t lt° Y a l Ilig hness the Duchess of Kent visited . ed to 1 4 , 8 S' sad Prl'ace Albert this morning and . remain 0 14,8 aeon, ter Royal Highness accompanied by hey fo'Z'llOneLa the Duchess of Cambridge left the Castle arri 0. v ew agelnt d-eive. - lect ec i 11117-merston and Lord and Lady Holland are the n to •ive at the castle this evening, on a visit to 1 Nae e ti . liererldt!lt! afternoon the Queen and Prince Albert, the lei% -I'''''rY Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Mecki rsautt Stre litz, the Princess Mary, and Prince Edward Th e le r Wei mar, walked out from the Castle. i lichid e ° Y al • dinner party at the Castle this evening will liey ai /,..`'r Royal Highness the Duchess of t Righilel.o:.ness the Duchess of Cambridge, her e R:oy e a s l till Ress,Princess Mary, their Royal Highnes ef k eeklf, re h e itar.Y Grand Duke and Grand Duches . s l'r e ,i r il t. ul trg Strelitz, his Serene Highness Prince w „.sard 'e o l f e Z of i iease, his Serene Highness Prince E t e uaehe,s'uze W eimar, the Lady in Waiting . on h a eh er . ()? gent, the Baroness de Snetb, Vlsco l u i n r t . Elti)onscitViorel and Lady Holland, Lora Portman, i _ Xalily s:' 11 4 may, Sir George Cooper, Colonel and Lady rho b 1)) lour, and Captain and Lady Mary Hood. dipper 4 , 13 d of the Scots Fusilier Guards attend during ill the . e z z t .1,7 e. Majesty's private band afterwards attend Th e r ‘ op S at `i "•eQn will hold a Priv • Council at Windsor Castle in th e 4 " day next, the 14th in ) st at half-past two o'clock The P Iterno on. ~ Sir (3, Marql tis of Breadalbane had an interview with t aLpe3lVe Cirey yesterday at the Home-office. 14 r. lia on'e c‘ t r hae d aIF-0 an interview with the Right Hon. T he ~... /es :erday. gen,rot,ecletiaatical C ommissioners for England bad t a e Itt.,hg Meeting yesterday. There were present h Zi sh , alie r , ~: ,!_sp f i r,, L. Canterbury, the Bishop of London, the " 14 . tub °- '4l, Bishop f Oxford, and the Right Hon. T h : \ lto usf.,. with t ,c's t Reverend Dr. Polding had an interview tki, 11: 4 ,,, r1 'Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. *l4°4 rh‘' r'lllllliSSioller of Metropolitan Improvements ."e3ta.:e 4Lti-T,l.Y.esterdsay, at the office of the Woods and ~Iscour ''' Vl' t , hitehall-place. There were present the . l 'i Iler ir,4l3,rPeth, Lord Lyttelton, the Right Hon. d i;'•,i' - ' s ' too Lord Mayor, Mr. Aiderman Johnson, 'lpp, A m -e rallati tbamphery, Sir Robert Inglis, Mr. H. T. The T. A. kilne, and Mr. C. Barry. tell er o iarl of Chan- Cl had an interview with the . . O tl eliec - tlicz txchequer yesterday, at his offic.al re,i -r ir ,.' bovni n stet s-A r' 47. tats, 18i g i; had interview with the Earl of ;sera , A,''t yesterday. , at a the office of the Board of Trade. y. ;''' irqui s of Clanricarde gave a grand dinner yes : il -lee, t ",Ting, at his residence on Carlton Houseter t . a4;i3e4ii, c i tcemearacibtilniset Ministers, including Lord John of Lanadow ne, Sir George Gray, tr Au e Z Y; the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Earl Vi ae(,, and, Sir John Hobhouse, Viscount Morp h peillor, int Pal (-, no left town yesterday afternoon for Ikl '1 ' - "tie, on a 'visit to her Majesty. 41 t li t . ~. !............__ ------"---.. RO D -131AIME"-----1;;TC H.WiERF E NAr t ~ RAILWAY COMPANY. s traordinary general meeting of this company Nite t ; r 'l r. S.' c•eierday at the London , Tavern, Lord George ase t i,,, 'to the chair, for the purpose of obtaining the g 4 ll, -.1 of the shareholders to an agreement with the %t er , ~,. . e neral votinties Company, entered into since the last , Pe 'lkt . ; "n the l e " 1 th e .tin - 14th of August, to lease the n . ne that al -nts,..„ 41 .37, at five per cent, interest on the Parita ,ll C' kpital of 3 50,000!., with the understanding 'har es °al d a div.d nd of more than seven per cent. be in t ic by the Eastern Counties shareholders, the holders t eee i . , - n e N, he and Chesterford Company shall th e li tl `' a r eturn less by two per cent, than those to whom Th e e p la to be leased. tep ort. '4 &MIKAN called upon tho Secretary to read the The tho addl e` tort compri se d what has just been stated, with psyt lion that the Eastern Counties Compan wer e es V the C oterest of all moneys borrowed for theypurpo_ lss.r mpany, together with that over the capital ot 4174 hes, ft/. already subscribed, as well as an allowance. for lishreet and expenses. The amount of establish %slit t o be settled by Mr. R. Stepenson, the engiueer. ,Ahe Ear.ern Counties are also to take the extension atie s to 7,.'hetford, Bury St. EdmuraO's, and Ely, when 4 .,'''Y or all of them shall he obtained, the Eastern h'etiatie s to allow 4 per cent interest on the calls already 'iti(ll.°/-' which are in future to be paid. tils;nee. CUAIRMAN said that the shareholders had heard h e 1 •Ms of the agreement from . the report, and when th anter( s.l the house this morning e "hisl eNsecte sfirt,t„l,tw(suld be carried out, but only t morning the ei i e . ll 's hd received a communication from.theEaqern it 4 or had C amk„ Opally, stating that it was possible the Ne v• !toes - t ' is a ad Chesterford Company might have rnisunder 4ete4 ge terms of the agreement. It should be recol s eti, i glat this agreement was fully considered and he e i ,„ b ., the res ctive solicitors of the two companies. tlireet-;,4lerstandin7 of the' Newmarket and Chesterford 111 . 6 4 was, that the basis of the dividend was the ; the y hs. 'shares of the Eastern Counties Company, but s t hat wild' now been informed that the basis was 201., : n th ese Il i the value of the shares, with the b York E on te u n s sion 4h4reirZes to the Eastern Counties 440 he r` leis, ) let t ot ‘t he Chairman) therefore should say t no f the t errl e !tny notice whateve; of that intircr aeisee e_l.-(4.4lties Company, which had ' only move the adoptir,'an morning- and he would therefore, tio been re sitar, " 4 Of the ' it be circulated among shar,. e report, and that 4. ,c,, old e n sport, 410, §ritrAtv, Esq•in seconding the adoption t of 4PPt.,!?a, said that li"e had been with Mr. Hun an . t his to r „ , the Eastern Counties Company,. s.. "eatfe-.P--83 nis firm conviction that there was no ju tt aßreek% whatever for the interetation put upon the vi ei rc l ri ::st by them. In the ageement there was not . a . s 04.12-reetins. sot - the terms of the agreement speci es %le, w ,Y . 'te rork Ex' tension shares, and had no refer- . • otlisetheeetlle4r. the e ) f the consolidated stock . of Ishi' h Agri le,ileul t e ( ( ) ) Prove this Mr. Shelley read a clause eitera 44,'?ifY theithing an explanation_ of the terms e g t eed t "le tw o .._ rate of tnterest.) h Th t e h r e e s s e p t e e c i t i i n v s e wsoelrie ran "s pees, ,csreisames had, wen Y t 'l zeu eo ofuderstood each other,And had seve- Battle a n hl . L Pl?St Mr. If eiieusio of the erms, that t hey wrras ,t) solicitors anrl4 I v ith th 131iT It ad bee ra ' might have the present at the previous meeting te rf a. i now i nt ' '., they had quite understood the lordie„... erpreted by the Newmarket and Ches. thre. c,! vostsoipizatinoyn. was. then put and carried unanimously. the r . til: ttE4irL_LE)r theme propOda resolution to the effect ~,, sr. re ~ eutors be authorised to carry out the terms of ~..,. Toe to trlen t. 41 (!rit .°la several Shareh ld wished an amend o . ers th t , eil 1)e propoSeddi,reeextporressing general approval of thqqa..it of th e li, declare is entirety. , and leaving a-- the matter in A. future bonus might hereafter . * „en1 ( 1 , Ir t d by the Eastern Counties Company, which the e l: tin reduce the value of the rate given by '' "e11 0 1,1 ) P a llY to the Newmarket and Chesterford kr si.."i's• -bd atl ;LEY explained that this was guarded against ilrli.f,-;:' th.e • words by which such power was.restricted. ss ' , - ,. B ()Ln a conversation and an explanation . 9f the czlt)_e ; . t iie agreement by Mr. Tyrrell, the solicitor of "csitfil4Puriy, the resoluton was seconded by Mr. Refer, t h e deputy chairman. e 41r, ~t.lie• resolution was put _ _ a ; r tied n't't.LElr stated that, whether this agreement was hi lvt4 th e tt r not, no worse terms would be assented to ;" 4 is a ,'42 stern Counties Company, and if any gentle 4. "4 e - dissatisfied with the terms, he trusted he would .; kr e I, Ba Y so i lT ll s . b . ': I') ti )P. * was s o far from t b h e is ing agr d e is e s m a e ti n s t fie h d e , that had 41 °Ot 04 g e klheen hundred informed of and also shares at i premium, l'emilttteill4,4tll another hundred shares, though at_a e s e o e m m e : r k 'te il t} !` t s, e t price, and trusted the whole would b some he .o thing could have been more admirable than tj lk r C34 L ' <:4 the directors. t ir titi ß th e lion was then put by the CHAIRMAN, anal°. a eth e a directors to proceed to Parliament for the Th k a' rhich was carried unanimously. 114‘Itill e" k : re then voted to the chairman, and the .i. 's -ei?arated. 4.40Nt O ' SALISBURY) .A 4 ,, RAILWAY. and YEOVIL at the 'tho,;(lrilat. general meeting of the sharehol a d o e o r a s , in the It'loodo4lll‘Jrtakine,,, was held yeste f n d lay a tr..'Y tvotopern, for the purpose o of their affairs; -,,,,- h ob i purs ue i n the present position . oidi f o te g r what courte , -uhe ' l , l ' ono of the directors, in the chair . . -1 1 „Nt ,„ e P prt al agree' t ) after recapitulating the origin __ou.h. n'est:'4-er ed irito4 this company and the. b z onse- ' hlt'etleeti%lvhich agreement became of no effect n 1 its c Bill, ,t'roeete this eoii,pany having failFd to obtain _ 'Na b t e " to state that another agreement had been the '''' w ith t ru Company, by which l a 3 ' Oa, l , the South -Wes e share on the shares 4 ' 4 4 t, t ook to Pay down 20s. per and a further sum t c.) . 3 04 W Irds the expenses incurred, . i tlit 'eCt. 14'4' Share in the event of the Bt. 1 1 being ob• Ve att 01, the line from Salisbury toSouth- Yeovil; the r, t '"l), si,t4,, C opan also to pay the excess of the ' 4ll s' 'of tli London, or Pant. t Salisbury, and . Yeovil hare th, 04, 'se)'ortd the amount of deposit of 509. pe f t shares s ;43tled ,-Iteot, of stis. per share on the number o eing ;:tried"..,4ll(l in the event of this arrangement b paste a s tern the pregent agreement with the South ;` theti.'")Pany to - be put an end to, and . the portion t be -11,.1tt10. h„ille between Basingstoke and Salisbury ? out 14 th o i,f 41" Z,, Basingstoke and South -Western Company was ittlile)c,,Oo funds. An abstract of the accounts the Ne rit f.' to the report, from which it appeared that_ Ni ts 'tore had been 82,6451. 17s. 6d., while the de ,,'"e°4lY Yielded about 8 ,4271. 10s. 103. tiati34,_,,t4l _Shareholders expressed themselves as „ dis- Path, '" with the conduct of the South-Western Com , i, enr•cl .., ..Intel ...' uenounced it in no measured terms. Illti , Y., howev elntio,. er,. the report was agreed to, and also a (if 16 ~, Etuthorishlg the directors to accept the terms A. ~,,I.o.tieth- 'A estern. 41 th,:"tr ic,[__tilanks wai then Passed to the chairman, et ,g. brok up. ~f teTtu-1 P.:WAor. Comr.iNY.—Notices have an given %%ilk 4ottenti,,t, to apply to Parliament. for an A ;:t to tatieh, e "tw.,g, fly Clompnv to make drain; ere .! -evver.3, eceo under the City to Barking-rea.A, of ri reservoirs, &C. • • b4c) raisitue. , are to be formed for the reception THE SUIC___LONDON, THITRSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 12, 18 6. MAGAZINES-(CONTINTTUD). LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF ENGLAND.' Vol IX. By Agnes Stricldand. As this voluminous and laborious work progresses towards its completion, the promise which had been afforded by its commencement is being very happily verified. Amidst all her wearisome researches, and amidst all her tedious collation Of manuscripts, some times spurious and frequently almost illegible, Miss Strickland must feel herself sustained and even in cited to still greater exertions by the reflection that she is contributing. to the literature of her country an historical production which must preserve her name in perpetual remembrance. It was a graceful and ambitious project, in the reign of her Most Excellent Majesty, our Sovereign Lady Victoria, that of writing a series of biographies of the Queens consort and regnant of these realms • and admirably is that graceful and ambitious project being realised by our authoress. Miss Strickland takes no superficial view of the oc currences she has undertaken to narrate ; she gives us no mere second-hand information ; she is not contented, as are some modern historiographers (so called), with weaving together the threads of a variety of narratives already pub lished, and then of embroidering them with pictu resque language and personal conceits. Lofty and beautiful as is this latter species of composition, it has not a sufficient attraction for the lady who has penned these nine goodly volumes. She is ambitious of producing something possessing more novelty. Even on her title. pages she divulges the inquisitive and industrious cast of her intellect, by quoting that couplet of Beaumont " The treasures of antiquity laid up In old historic rolls, I opened." So peculiarly is this manifested in the single volume now submitted to our examination, that upwards of two hundred autograph letters and original and perti nent documents, never published before, are here either transcribed in extenso, or are epitomized by the writer. Under the auspices of the late Secretary for the Home Department, and of the present Prm Minister of France, in the Archives au Royaume de France ; and the State Paper-office at Duke-street; from diaries written in the cloisters of Chaillot, and from the sprawling charac ters formed by the ancient burgesses of Edinburgh ; have Miss Strickland and her congenial sister been taking transcripts with the zeal of literary devotees, and the discriminating sagacity of alumni. It would be almost impossible after the expenditure of so much intelligence and inquiry, that such an undertaking could he in any essential particular a failure. But when, after having accumulated so many and such valuable materials, the writer was endowed with a capacity for reproducing those materials in limpid diction, for narrating events with consecutive clear ness, and for estimating a character in its entirety, suc cess became matter of absolute necessity. Among the many illustrious personages who have shared the thrones of our British monarchs, not one is invested with so pathetic and attractive a celebrity as the subject of the preseet volume—the beautiful and un rortunate Mary Beatrice of Modena, spouse of King James 11. In comparison with the virtues of that brave and most gentle lady, those of Catharine of Arragon seem of a lesser lustre. Beside the desolate romance of her misfortunes, the magnificent glories of Eliza beth are scarcely endued with an aspect of fascina tion. With maternal affections equally intense with those of Margaret of Anjou, Mary of Modena had less of that great Queen's masculine and almost un queenly resolution. Her history is fraught with the most moving and solemn catastrophes, while it is coloured throughout by the jaundice of melancholy. That history had never been written until it was undertaken by Miss Strickland, and beautifully has Miss Strickland told of the loveliness, of the virgin purity, of the- transitory splendour and subsequent sorrows, of the heart-moving pilgrimage and broeding widowhood of that noble heroine. Even in the classic loveliness of her appearance, Mary Beatrice has a claim upon our admiration. The portraits of her by Lely and Kneller, assure us that her countenance was admirable, and the pensive expression of her features of itself' indicates the melanch o ly nature of her story. Born on the sth October, 1658, in the palace at Modena —the native city of Tasso and Corregio—the future Queen of England was fortunate in the possession of a mother eminently qualified to tutor her mind with those precepts of morality and philosophy which are the surest bucklers against misfortune. United to James the Second, then Duke of York, Mary of Modena was introduced at the tender age of fifteen to the most profligate court this country, or possibly any other, ever knew. In the midst of all its brazen debauchery, however, the young Duchess of York preserved not merely an ufi'sullied character, but was conspicuous for a dignity and self-respect worthy of a princess. The events with which this splendid pattern of a woman was afterwards so intimately associated, and the tryi n c, nature of which only tended the more to the develr7pinent of new virtues in her disposition, are too famili ar t o ever y E ng li s h rea d er t o render a merely casual reference to them less than an imper tinence. Her courage under an accumulation of terrors and difficulties; her maternal tenderness in moments of personal jeopardy ; her untiring and pas sionate fondness for the generous but unfortunate sovereign to whom she was united; her con stant and romantic devotion to his memory after his decease, and while she was sustaining the d?solation of her widowhood in the nunnery of Chaillot are qualities which must ever demand the unqualified panegyrics of the historian. It is impressed with these considerations that the Hon. ,George Sydney Smythe has pictured two ladies seated together in a chamber at Versailles, tell ing each other of their sufferings and denials during life; and. that he closes that description with these agfecting, words :—" And their hope is, that when the spouse of Christ shall have summoned her glad array to meet the bridegroom, among the humblest of her handmaidens may be numbered the names of Francois de Msintenon and Marie of Modena and England." Beyond all these gentler characteristics, however, the latter evinced others of an heroic and even chivalrous daring. As the Girondists were wont to assemble in the saloons of Madame Roland, and to receive from her lips additional incitements towards the development of the great revolution and the political regeneration of France, so did the Jacobite party derive new stimu lous to enterprise, and receive fresh induceme n ts to persevere, from be courageous wife of James, and the mother of the so-called Pretender. We must, nevertheless, afford our rea las a specimen of the na tural and yet poetic style of Miss Strickland's narra tive; and we could not adduce a more appropriate passage than the following description o f the flight of Queen Mary Beatrice from Whitehall, in comphny with the infant Prince. " The following day, December 9th, was appointed for the departure of the Queen and Prince ; it was a Sun day, but no Sabbath stillness hallowed it in the turbu lent metropolis. The morning was ushered in with tumults—hureing of Catholic chapels and houses ; tid ings of evil import arrived from all parts of the kingdom. When the evening approached, the Queen implored her husband t o perm i t her to rema i n and s h are hi s perils ; he urreplied, ' th a t it was hi s i ntent i on t o f o llow her in , o and twenty hours, and that t suspicion, thei r ma j est i es i reted was ir ry sake o f the i r child, that s h e s h ou ld p rec ede him.' To avoid • n to ec b es e s d a ,a , s f u o s r u th al e , journey. at ten o'clock. About an Queen commenced her hour after, they rose, and the Aho o u r t a m s i e d o night, St. Victor, dressed in the secret staircase to the _ preparations for her sorrowful man, and armed, ascended by a coarse habit with him some part of apartmentthe of the King, bringing to be prepared for the Queen, disguise which he had caused ready for their Majesty's and told the King all was departure. I then,' pursues he, 'retired into another room, where the count de Lauzun had, meantime, confided heren swesrertetaodyL.ady and I waited till the Strickland, who was in waiting that attired, we n th ig e h l t a . dy A ot s ' stohoenbeads tchheamgbneer,enHer Majesty the chamber. The Count de La wns in case of accidents, entered . opposed to it; but although their Majestieswere at first some of the jee els on our I had secured their generous hearts were only occpred in cares for the safety and comfort of their royal infant.ll answeringAt two o'clock, to that from descended eabin b e y t, another stair, t s o ta t i h r e , apartment en of Madame the we kings Labadie, where the prince had carried secretly some time before. There all the person s were to attend on the Queen an d the Prince,assembled who namely, the Count de Lauzun, the two nurses, and myself.' " The King, turning to Lauzun, said, with deep rn eo tion, I confide my Queen and son t o your ca ; all must be hazarded to convey them with th e utmost re to France.' Lauzun, after expressing his high seise ! I:1 of d the honour that was conferred on him, presented his hand to the Queen to lead her away. She turned a parting look on the King—an eloquent but mute fare well, and followed by the two nurses with her sleeping infant, crossed the great gallery in silence, stole d own the backstairs, preceded by St. Victor, who had the keys, and passing through a postern door into the privy gardens, (pitted Whitehall for ever. A coach was wait ing at the gate, which St. Victor had borrowed of his friend Signor Ferichi, the Florentine resident, as if it bad been for his own use. 'On our way,' pursues he, we had to pass six sentinels, who all, according to custom, cried out, " Who goes there?" I replied with out hesitation, A friend ;* and when they saw that I had the master-key of the gates, they allowed me to pass without opposition. The Queen, with the Prince, his two nurses, and th e C ount d e Lauzun, got i nto t h e coac h, but to make all sure, I placed myself 'by the coachman on the box to direct him. We drove to Westminster, and arrived safely at the place called the Horseferry, where I had engaged a boat to wait for me. To prevent suspicion, I had a ccus t ome d t h e b oatmen to row me across the river of a night, under pretence of expedition, taking cold provisions and a rifle with me, t give it a better colour.' That pretext, however, could scarcely be expected to pass current on the inclement night, when he ventured the passage of those wintry waters with the fugitive Q ueen an d h er b a b e . I t was then, nan,t evidently a else o f lrfe and death, and the b oa t men lave Levu paid a-eordingly, for they incurred tome a.nger t honaselve- Til It was wet and stormy, and S' ) r: Sr. i - hat v..11,:n into the boat we could not see each other, though we were cliterally losely seated, for the boat was very small.' Ihus with only one frail plank between her and eternity,' did th , ) Queen of Great Britain cross the swollen waters of the Thames, with her tender infant of six months old in her arms, with no better attendance than his nurses, no other escort than the Count de Lauzun, and the writer of this narrative, who confesses, that he felt an extreme terror at the peril to which he saw personages of their importance exposed, and that his only reliance was in the mercy of God, by whose especial providence,' he says, we were preserved, and arrived at our desti- " A curious print cf the times represents the boat in danger, and the two gentlemen assisting the rowers, who are labouring against wind and tide. The Queen is seated by the steersman, enveloped in a large cloak, with a hood drawn over her head; her attitude is expressive of melancholy, and she appears anxious to conceal the little Prince who is asleep on her bosom, partially shrouded among the ample folds of her draperies. The other two females betray alarm. The engraving is rudely executed, and it is printed on coarse paper; but the design is net without merit, being bold and original in conception and full of passion. It was probably intended as an appeal to the sympathies of the humbler classes on behalf of the royal fugitive. " Our passage,' says the conductor of the enterprise, ' was rendered very difficult and dangerous by the vio lence of the wind, and the heavy and incessant rain. When we reached the opposite bank of the Thames, I called aloud by name on Monsieur Dusions, the page of the backstairs, who ought to have been there waiting with a coach and six, which had been engaged by Count de Lauzin. The page answered promptly, but told them that the coach was still at the inn. Thither St. Victor ran to hasten it, leaving Lauzun to protect the Queen. Her Majesty, meantime, withdrew herself and her little company, under the - walls of the old church at Lambeth, without any other shelter from the wind and bitter col, or any other consolation than that the rain had ceased.' " On that spot, which has been rendered a site of historic interest, by this affecting incident, the beauti ful and unfortunate consort of the last of our Stuart kings remained standing, with her infant son fondly clasped to her bosom, during the agonising interval of suspense caused by the delay of the coach, dreading every moment that he would awake and betray them by his cries. Her apprehension was unfounded. He had slept sweetly, while they carried him in the dead of night from his palace nursery to the water side; neither wind nor rain had disturbed him, he had felt none of the perils or difficulties of the stormy passage, and he cantinued wrapt in the same profound repose during this anxious pause, alike unconscious of his own reverse of fortune, and ds mother's woe. " Mary Beatrice is said to have looked back with streaming eyes towards the royal home where her be loved consort remained, lonely and surrounded with perils; and that she vainly endeavoured to trace out the lights of Whitehall, among those that were reflected from the opposite shore, along the dark rolling river. The historians of that period declare, that the Queen remained an hour under the walls of the old church with her babe, waiting for the coach, which through some mistake never came, and that a hackney coach was, at last, procured with difficulty. This was not the case, for St. Victor foun4 the coach and six all ready at the inn, which was within sight of the river: the delay, therefore, must have been comparatively brief, but when time is measured by the exigency of circumstances, mi nutes are lengthened into hours. " The haste and Agitation in which St. Victor ap peared, when he came to inquire after the coach, com bined with his foreign accent and idiom, excited ob servation, meantime, in the inn-yard, where a man with a lantern was on the watch, and when he saw the coach and six ready to start, ran out to reconnoitre,and made directly towards the spot where the queen was standing. I went,' says St. Victor, ' with all speed on the other side of the way, fearing that he would re cognise the party on the bank. When I saw that he aas actually approaching them, I made as if I a ished to pass him, and put myself full in his path, so that we came in contact with each other, fell, and rolled in the mud together. We made mutual apologies for the acci dent. He went back without his light, which was ex tingui,hed by the fall, to dry himself, and I hastened to the carriage which was now near, and joined her Ma jesty, who got into the coach as before. The page was to have returned, not having been intrusted with the secret ; but having recognised the Queen, his mistress, he wished to follow her. As we left the toivn,"we en countered various of the guards. One of them eaid, Come and see, there is certainly a coach full of papists.' But God willed it so, that they changed their purpose, for no one came near us. We had scarcely gone three miles, when we were overtaken by the Sieur Leyburn, one of the Queen's Equerries, on horseback, he had brought another horse and boots for me, which the King had, with inexpressible goodness, sent to enable me to perform my journey. I descended from the car riage, put on my boots, and mounted my horse in evil plight, what with my fall, my wet clothes, and the wind, which never ceased.'" Until the arrival of the royal fugitives in Calais, on Tuesday, December 11, at nine o'clock in the morning, the unfortunate Queen supported her afflictions with the same magnanimity, although subjected to privations even more distressing than the foregoing. Here, however, is a contrast most charmingly introduced by the authoress, in her ac count of the subsequent flight of King James. It is while crossing the channel to France that the sub• joined incident occurs : " The tragedy of real life is sometimes strangely mingled with circumstances of a comic character, which appear th-s more ridiculous perhaps from the revulsion of feeling they are apt to produce on persons labouring under the excitement of excessive grief. King James, in the midst of his distress during this melancholy voyage, felt his mirth irresistibly excited, when he saw the brave captain Trevanion attempting to fry some bacon for his refection in a frying-pan that had a hole in it, which that gallant officer was compelled to stop with a pitched rag ; at the sight of this expedient the king gave way to immoderate laughter, which was renewed when the captain proceeded to tie a cord round an old cracked can, to make it in a condition to hold the drink they had prep ►red for him. A keen perception of the ludicrous is often a happy provision of nature to pre serve an overcharged heart from breaking under the pressure of mortal sorrow. It was well for the fallen majesty of England that he could laugh at things, which were melancholy indications of his calamitous reverse of fortune. The laughter, however, was medi cinal, for he ate and drank heartily of the coarse fare that was set before him, and always declared that he never enjoyed a meal more in his life." In the tenth and forthcoming volume of the " Lives of the Queens of England," the close of this interest ing history is promised—the close, not of the reign, for that has long ended, but of the life of Mary of Modena. Before we conclude these observations, we would express our regret at a circumstance which transpired almost immediately after the publication of this ninth volume. We do so with reluctance, but we feel compelled to the utterance in all honesty and simplicity. For the purpose of correcting a blunder (for it would be monstrous to designate it otherwise) in the work of a contemporary historian, the authoress endeavoured, by a letter in a public newspaper, to direct the finger of scorn at one of our most distinguished legislators. We regret this rash and ungentle proceeding. While Miss Strickland's " Lives of the Queens of England" will constitute a noble offering to the historical literature of this coun try, Lord Campbell's "Lives of the Lord Chancellors o f England," vs ill not the less be a magnificent tribute to the genius of our, jurisprudence. This biography of Mary Beatrice of Modena forms an admirable corn. panion volume to the " History of King James the Second," by the Right Hon. Charles James Fox. THE MILITARY MAGAZINE. This is the first number of a new periodical devoted to the instruction and amusement of the soldier. " We design it," says the editor, in his preliminary observa tions, "for not only generals but corporals—not only commi=sioned, but the non-commissioned ranks. The i r n t k youthful cornet or ensig n, we trust, will find some thing in it to charm h i s attention, while the veteran Field Marshal, it is hoped , w ill be able to say that he approves its spirit and m axims. We design it also fur a barracks' resource —so, when the weary sergeant or raw recruit shall requir e relaxation from, or direc tion in his duty, that, in the Military Magazine, he may glean either an hour's r e p ose or a half-hour's food for salutary reflection. To the militar y in- all p of , the world are our labou rs dedicated." The want of a periodical devoted to m ilitar y matters, and whiiiieshusplipolyuldthbeedseufiictieedney.tothe barrack-room, has long been s felt, and, judging probabl efrtohmatthe Milit a ry Maga zin e will the present th a w COLBURN'S UNITED SERVICE. ppl ue T tnei h da e a ,u b, we take ibarhael continuedei f` for r Historyign granted at of the nh se dn tti this sbe number. History yh e a wn n d icl lo t m h b e e. published in a separate form. The opening palerof: this number, en ti t l e d " Th e presen t W ar i n ~r land," is from the pen of a writer who has contri buted on former occasions much valuable information on the subject of the Cape colony to the pages of this magazine. We have also a highly interesting narra tive of an " Expedition into the Interior of New Zea land, in June, 1845 ;" and Colonel Firebrace, we are glad to find, is again in the field, smashing the "Grand Job—Purchase in the Army." The following are a ftw of the reasons adduced by Colonel Firebace for at once doing away with this iniquitous absurdity : " In any profession or trade, in which people were allowed to purchase their situations' and sell them whenever they liked, or only forfeit them for same dis honest or immoral act; does it not follow as the natural effect, that men would generally shuffle over their duties in the most careless and inefficient manner ? Is there any reason why there should be any particular deviation from this natural cause in the case of the army ? When a young man comes into the service by purchase, to fill up his idle time until he can be placed on the staff, until he comes of age, or his grandmother dies, from whom he expects a fortune, what particular benefit to him 'to study a profession he never intends to follow up ; still less, what possible interest can he take in the wel fare of the soldiers, on whom he never looks but as a set of working tools ? Would you have this fine gentleman go into a barrack-room to inquire if the men were well satisfied or comfortable, or could he condescend to learn the names, still less the dispositions of those under his command ? carries all before it in England, does lo it,ila-swe army ; the y4,in 4 - :nen have little or nothing beside their pay, and to whom the Profession is their existence, in place of furnishing an example to these gilded Interlopers, become worshippers of mammon, yield up their better judgment, and follow im itate their lead of the men who j um p over t heir heads, their cold .hearted indifference, and separate themselves as much as possible from the men under their commanfl, whom they learn to look upon more as mere instruments formed for their benefit than in the light of fellow sol diers deserving their sympathy; I appeal 'o all those who have experience in the army to say whether I have exaggerated the case. Look at the household troops, where the commissions, except those of adjutant and quarter-master, are all by purchase ; we see here the unfairness of giving men promotion by purchase en hanced to a great degree, for a captain of the Foot Guards raited to that rank by money, leaps over all the majors of the army, and may exchange with a lieutenant-colonel of infantry, and thus obtain the command of a regiment, about which he cannot possibly know much ; indepen dent of this injustice to the army in general, it is unfair to the body they belong to, for what possible reason can be assigned why a captain of the Foot Guards becomes a lieutenant-colonel, and that no such advantage attends the captains of the cavalry of the household ?" THE COMIC HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Mr. A'Beckett, in the present number, runs laugh ing through the reigns of Edward 1., " whose legs were too long i❑ proportion to his body, which gained him the nickname of Longshanks, though it would have been more respectful to have called him Daddy Long-Legs, in allusion to his being the father of his people," Edward IL, and begins that of Edward 111. This is a capital number of this right merrie history, and is capitally illustrated by Leech. THE PA7RICIAN. In the present number we have a propos to the recent royal marriages, the genealogy of the royal house of Spain, and a short account of the Counts and Dukes of Montpensier. Under the head " A Cata logue of Noble Authors," in continuation of Walpole, we find, short but well-written sketches of the lives and works of the late Lord Holland, the present Lord Strangford, the late Lord Dover, and the late Narl of Dudley. The account of the murder of Mr. Thynne, whose monument is well known to all the frequenters of Westminster Abbey, is one of the most interesting tales of adventure we have ever read, and is an addi tional illustration of the truth of the adage, "that truth is stronger than fiction." We have besides some good papers on the fine arts, several well written notices of new books, and a variety of articles interesting to the archeeologist. OLD ENGLAND'S TVOE7 RIES. Part X. This admirable series of engraving s and biographies is as costly in its character as it is moderate in price. Kings, philosophers, poets, statesmen, and divines are variously introduced ; and the present, among others, numbers William 111.,-Locke, Dryden, Lord Somers, and Ray. The fund of knowledge condensed into these pages i 3 altogether a marvel. THE PICTORIAL GALLERY OF ARTS. Part XXII. But that some of the wood -cuts introduced in this periodical have already appeared in other publications, the richness of ilustration would be wholly incom prehensible. The treasures of anti qu it y, i n the s h ape of busts, statues, bas-rel iefs, medallions, fragments of architecture, groups of sculpture, Scc., are here re presented in profusion. THE ALMANACK OF THE MONTH. November, foggy as it has been, is incapable of infecting Gilbert A'Beckett with congenial gloom, or of diminishing his good spirits one jot. The " Al manack for the Month" is to the full as witty and sparkling as ever. CHRISTOPHER TADPOLE. Part 111. The adventures of " Christopher Tadpole" are con • tinued in this number with unflagging spirit. The benevolent individual into whose hands Christopher had fallen on his escape from the salt mine, turns out to be an itinerant professor of conjuring and tum bling, and Christopher is regularly received as a member of his corps, and instructed in the art and mystery of tumbling. The description of the country fair is admirable. In the meantime the adventures of the London portion pf the dramatis persona are not neglected, and we have the conclusion of the party at Sir Frederick Arden's, in which Mrs. Gudge's vul garity comes out in grand style. The return home and the adventure of the ginger beer cart are capital bits of fun. All who enjoy a hearty laugh should read the history of the return of Sir Frederick Arden's guests. SIMMONDS' COLONIAL. The opening article of this number on the Fish eries of New Brunswick, should be read by all our statesmen as a warning. We see in this how many of our most valuable privileges have been frittered away by the want of skill, and knowledge, :and spirit on the part of our diplomatists; how they have been bamboozled into giving to France and the United States nurseries for their navies, by per mitting them to fish on the coasts of our trans- Atlantic possessions, (we wonder they have never asked to have the privilege of digging coal in North umberland ? Some of our Laissez faire statesmen, would, for the sake of preserving peace, on the entente cordiale, have suffered them to do it) ; and how they have, by gradual encroachments, turned this permission into an exclusive right, and have actually prevented British subjects from fishing on their own shores. A small squadron of gun-brigs and cutters could not be better employed than in defending our colonial fishermen against encroachments. There are several other excellent articles in this number of Simmonds. BANKERS' MAGAZINE. In addition to the usual professional contents of the Bankers' Magazine, we have in the present num ber a well written memoir of the life and labours of Mr. Thomas Joplin, the father of the system of Joint-stock Banking in England. To this memoir is prefixed the following Note by the Editor : " Mr. Thomas Joplin is no doubt well known to many of our readers as one of the early a dvocates and origin ators of the existing sy s t em o f j o int-stock Banking in England and Ireland. We think that the following me moir of his services, which has been drawn up by a friend acquainted with the extent of his usefulness, will therefore be interesting ; a n d w e may add, that we trust it will be of some service to Mr. Joplin himself, whose pecuniary resources have not increased in the same pro-. portion as those of the institutions which he assisted in establishing. " Without entering into any discussion of the claims of Mr. Joplin on the successful Joint-stock Banks, we may be allowed to express a hope that, after having ex erted himself energetically and actively in their behalf, athteairtihmaendws,hemna,kheis an nxeaprtipoenasl were u ndoubtedly useful, he will not, now that he requires some ass istance at to apathy. health, was listen e d t o w i t h apthy.eir lib er ality in vain. We shoulfi much regret t o fi n d that such an appeal no w, when he is in the d ec li ne o f years , and afflicted with bad We hope that the reproach which attaches itself to the leading men of the Railway Interest, for neglecting one of the earliest ad vocates of their own system, Mr. Thomas Gray, will never be applicable to the Joint-stock Banking Interest; and that Mr. Joplin will receive a satisfactory proof that it can and will repay with liberality any public ex ertions which have been made on its behalf. RAIL WAY REGISTER. This number is illustrated by numerous plans and sections, showing the working of Captain Powell's patent sectional carriages to avoid break of guage, and illuitrative of Clarke and Varley's improvement in obtaining motive power. The article on the Pro cess of Investment in Railways, by the Editor, is a complete answer to the arguments of the Croakers. The Portfolio, which is now incorporated with the Register,, contains a history, complete, as far as it goes, of the formation of the South-Western Rail way Company. We have, in the present number, copies of the original prospectuses and reports, show ing the alterations that were from time to time made in the plans of the original projectors of the railway. THE FOOD OF ANIMALS. By Robert D dun czs Thomson, M.D. D himself a worthy di sc i p l e of thre. Thomson provingu!Liebi g. The little volume here afford much profitable in pdisted evidences in every page the effects of the cul ture derived from the mind of that extraordinary man. acceptable. itivill while its remarks upon S,eedg that the work is entirely descriptive of ex perimental researches on the food of animals and the 11 render it generally ft hrem afoodfatteningono of fo:battle,tahne well agriculturist;i Every one who has the misfortune to be of a hypo condnacal temperament will nourish their conjectures as to their internal arrangement by studying the dis closures made by this book ; but, as it may likewise tend to dissipate man y of their apprehensions, we conceive its perusal would be very advisable. • To those who are the victims of dyspepsia, Dr. Thomson's work will afford divers consolations. Even to the housewife his production will prove advantageous, as, for example, in his strictures upon the fabrication of various kinds of wholesome and nutritious bread. The explanation of the phenomenon of digestion and the description of the different digestive organs with which the volume co minces would of th emse l ves render it peculiarly value. - G LENNY'S GAR DEN ALMAN AC for 1847 . A copious a lmanac of seasonable intelli g ence for gtheeniloloursticeunlgturarvisitn,gsil, and lus arrangedtratedwith a profusion of in with an eye to facility of referen ce. Among other advanta g es, there are an extraordinary list of provincial florists, ex planations for grafting, directions for the cultivation of the more delicate roots, and instructions for the proper management of orchards. Every nurseryman, seedsman, and florist will find infinite use in gardener, little publication. THE BILLOW AND THE ROCK. By Hart Zr. Martineau, Knight's Monthly Volume.— F. AnDtlier of those simple and delightful tales which no one knows how to pen better than Miss Martineau. What we have already admired in her " Game-law Tales" we admire again in this pleasant little fiction. The style is unaffected and most effective. The ob ject is highly benevolent, the principles inculcated those of the soundest morality, the narrative peculiarly domestic, and the characters and incidents singularly natural. Besi3es this, the stories of Miss Martineau have an effect upon the reader more enduring than that produced by the majority of similar compositions. They leave behind them a sediment of generosity and brotherly luve which becomes in time part of the dis position itself. The character of Lady Carse is drawn with considerable energy, and it would have been manifest lew largely the authoress had pillaged from the historPbe Lady Grange, even supposing the foot note in whiet that fact is intimated had been alto gether omitted. The " Billow and the Rock" will wile away the time whenever it hangs heavily, and impart a noble lesson simultaneously. FRENCH ACADEMY of SCIENCES. SITTING OF NOVEMBER 2. Most of this day's sitting was occupied with commu nications on the recent discovery of the mode of render ing cotton explosive. Oar readers are aware, that since the first announcement of this discovery having been made by M. Schonbein, M. O tto, of Brunswick, and at least :a dozen other persons, have declared that they have done the same thing, and some of them have even published the process by which they render cotton ex plosive. The truth is, that there was nothing so very wonderful in the mere announcement of the discovery, for it has long been known to chemists that any vege table matter would acquire explosive properties when treated by nitric acid; and a French chemist long ago announced that, by op era ti ng upon starc h with nitric acid, he produced a fulminating power of great force. The wonder lay in the perfection to which M. Schon bein was said to have brought his preparation, the secret of which he still keeps to himself as regards the modus operandi. If we are to believe the statements that have been made by persons of high respect ability, the explosive cotton of M. Schonbein is a per fect substitute for gunpowder, possessing weight for weight, much more strength than that article, and, at the same time, being free from the many serious objec tions which attend the manufacture of gunpowder. On the other hand, it does not appear that any of at) spe cimens of other discoverers have given fully satisfactory results, that is to say, they are by no means of so de structive a property as the cotton of M. Schonbeir. Many charges of illiberality have been brought againsi. that gentleman for not making his process known, and endeavouring to make a good speculation of it for his own interest, under the protection of patents. We do not join in this outcry. If M. Schonbein, who is re ported, we know not how truly, to have disposed of his patent right in England for 40,0001., could make a million sterling o'f his different patents, we should not think him too highly rewarded, if it be true that his cotton is so much more powerful than that of his com petitors, as his friends represent it to be. The man who invents the most rapid and the most effectual means of destruction as regards war, is the greatest friend to the interests of humanity. Before gunpowder was invented war was a very favourite pastime of the rulers of nations, for it served to gratify their bad passions without presenting the chances of utter ruin to them. By risking a portion of the money derived from the labour of their subjects, and as xificing a few hun dred lives, they were able to play at the game of ambi tion, and, having always the hope of success before them they had a constant excitement to violence and outrage. Nor did the pastime cease with the Invention of gun powder. The scale on which it was carried on was greater ; but in a few years, when military tactics had been improved, and tire arms had been made on surer principles, the game became too hot for the gamesters, and they were glad to retreat at length from the struggle of vain glory. The bow and arrow work of the ancients was nothing more than child's play to the fields of Aus terlitz and Waterloo, and when once a suspension of hos tilities had taken place, Government began to reflect that the game was too costly. Thirty years of peace have served to give birth to better ideas ; but there is every now and then an indication of a desire to in volve nations in warfare. We are quite sure, however, that if any man could invent a means of destruction, by which two nations ruing to war with each other would see large armies destroyed and immense treasures wasted on both sides in a single campaign, they would both hesitate at enter ing upon another. We repeat, therefore, that in this sense the greatest destructor is the greatest philanthro pist ; and, supposing what is said of M. Schonbein's in vention be true, we think that all Governments will, in the event of differences, try all possible means of conces sion and conciliation before coming to a trial of strength, in which the strong as well as the comparatively weak must be such great losers. We must return, however, from this digression to the question before the Academy. M. Otto, of Brunswick, has stated that he produces ex plosive cotton by immersing it in very pure and strongly concentrated acid for half a minute, and then washing it thoroughly and drying it. This is a very simple process ; but we can assert from experiment that it does not produce a cotton which could be used as a perfect substitute for gunpowder. Explosive it certainly is, but by no means to the extent described in the account of the experiments with the Schonbein cotton. Dr. Knopp, of Leipsic, states that he pro duces a very powerful article by the following pro cess :—Take equal parts of English sulphuric acid of commerce and strong nitric acid of commerce ; mix them in a porcelain vessel, and then plunge into V • mixture as much cotton as the liquid will cover. Hav ing done this, cover the vessel with a ground glass lid, so as to prevent all evaporation, or the entrance of air. After having left this preparation in a state of repose for a few minutes, take out the cotton, and wash it thoroughly, carefully separating the cotton, and using sufficient water to remove the whole of the acid. The cotton being then pressed and dried in warm air will be very energetic. If this cotton be carefully prepared, and thoroughly washed and dried, it null have nearly the same appearance as it had before the operation. With 12 grains of this preparation, says Dr. Knopp, a musket, which would for an ordinary charge require 28 grains of gunpowder, sent a ball through two planks, one of deal, the other of oak, and each two inches in thickness. The distance from the mark at which the gun was fired is not stated, but we presume it was at the ordinary ball range. Dr. Bley, of Bern burg, announces that he has made experiments with a view of replacing cotton by cheaper substances. He prepared shavings and sawdust in the same manner, and found them equally powerful. After these communications had been read to the Aca demy, M. Pelouze, one of the members, made the follow ing observations. He said—" Although M. Schonbein has not published the nature or mode of preparation of his cotton, it is evident that the properties which he as signs to it can only apply to xyloidine. M. Dumas, as well as myself, made this remark in the origin of the first communications of M. Schonbein. Reasoning on the hypothesis that the poudre coton is nothing else than xyloidine, I may be permitted to say a few words with respect to its history, and of some of its properties. Xyloidine was discovered in 1833 by A. Braconnot, of Nancy. He prepared it by dissolving starch and some other organic substances in nitric acid, and precipitating these solutions in water. In a note inserted in the " Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences in 1838," I showed that the xyloidine resulted from the union of the elements of the nitric acid with those of the starch, and ex plained by this composition the excessive combustibility of the substance produced. I ascertained—and this I think is a very important result in the history of the applications of xyloidine—that instead of preparing it by dissolving the cellulose, it might be obtained with infinitely greater facility and economy by simply impregnating with con centrated nitric acid, paper, cotton, and hemp, and that these organic matters thus treated took fire at 180 de grees, and burned almost without residuum, and with excessive energy ; but I think it right to add, that I never for an instant had an idea of their use as a substi tute for gunpowder. The merit of this application be longs entirely to M. Schonbein. Eight years ago, how ever, I prepared an inflammable paper, by plunging it into concentrated nitric acid. After leaving it for twenty minutes, I washed it in a large quaarrof ayater, and dried it in a gentle heat. I have recently Pied this paper in a pistol, and with about three grains pierced a plank two centimetres in thickness (about three-fourths of an inch) at a distance of twenty-five metres." After these observations, made by M. Pelouze, MM. Piobert and Morin addressed the Academy. They stated that several experiments had been made by engineers of the artillery with explosive cotton, and that the result was not satisfactory. It was found to leave behind a re siduum of charcoal and water, and that it frequently escaped by the touchole from the cannon, without dis placing the ball. They added that cotton prepared with an equal mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid was the most powerful, as it exploded at a temperature of seventy five degrees. Some, even, exploded spontaneously at one hundred. The conclusion appears to have been, how ever, that none of the preparations tried appear to be fit substitutes for gunpowder. We do not place implicit faith in this opinion. Sir Humphrey Davy, the greatest chemist of the day, said it was wild to suppose that coal gas could be used for general lighting, and another great man whom we will not name, for he is still living, said, in his younger days, that a man must be mad to suppose that steam could be used in Transatlantic navigation. Other communications and observations were made on the same subject, but they did not appear to us to possess striking interest. Dr. Dheran submitte I to the Academy a new ear trumpet, of a peculiar construction, which appeared to excite much interest. It was stated that by this instru ment words uttered in a low tone may be heard at a longer distance by two-thirds than by any other ear. trumpets. A communication was received from M. Jobard, re commending the use of a bandage over the base of the thorax, so as to prevent the movement of the mass of intestines upon the upper part of the abdomen. The idea is not very new, and we much doubt its efficacy. The communications to the Academy on other sub• jects in this sitting were not of importance. WELLS, SOMERSET, Nov. 10.—The office of Chief Magistrate has been conferred on J. B. Plowman, Esq., for the ensuing year, having filled that office on a prior occasion to the satisfaction of his fellow-citizens, and we are not without hope that at the close of the mayoralty of J. B. Plowman, Esq., we shall again be enabled, without any sacrifice of truth, to congratulate him on his impartial conduct.—From a Correspondent. GREAT RUNNING MATCH FOR 50/. —Yesterday the running match between Brookson, of London, a t u a d Matthews, of Birmingham, came off i n the presence large assemblage of spectators, ne ar the Pl ough Inn, o at Wandsworth. The distance was half a mile, and the stakes 251. aside. In betting Brookson was the favourite. Brookson has defeated several first-rate men, and his opponent has acquired equal celebrity. Both men went away at a flying pace. Brookson first got the . lead, but was soon overtaken by his opp onent, and a very spirited race ensued. The men struggled hard for the goal, which Matthews succeeded in gaining first, and was declared the winner. The half-mile was run in two minutes and two seconds, and large sums of money changed ownership on the cccasion. PRIZE FIGHT.—On Monday the fight between "Slasher" (Slack), of Mansfield, and " Slender" (Burton), of Sutton-in-Ashfield, both in Nottinghamshire, took place on Elmton-common, Derbyshire, half-way between Chesterfield and Worksop. It was a game fight of an hour and twenty -five minutes duration, when Slack, from the effect of a heavy blow beneath one of his ears (which produced a gush of blood) could not answer the call of time." IMPORTATION OF GUANO.—A vessel, just arrivec in :he River from Ghert (Belgium), has brought, in ad ' oak bark, the production o dition to 27 tons wc Belgium, GIG bags of guano. The arrivals of this newly discovered description of manure have. we believe, hi therto been confined to the islands in the Southern and South Atlantic Ocean, and other places in those distant regions in which it ab ounds and has been collected. this *THE MIRROR. The editor, Mr. Percy B. St. John, continues his American Novel, " The Eagle's Nest," in the pre sent number, and likewise contributes an excellently told and very interesting French tale, entitled " The Will." Eugene Scribe's "Piquillo Alliaga" is con tinued, and we have some pleasant gossiping notes of a tour in Belgium and Germany, which we are glad to see are to be continued. Mr. St. John, however, does not, in his editorial capacity, confine himself to merely entertaining—he mingles the useful in its proper proportions, and the article on "Free Trade in France" is superior to many an article on the free trade question which has appeared in periodicals of nearly three times the price of the Mirror. The fol lowing account of the progress of the free trade asso ciations in that country will be read with a lively in- West by all English free traders. " The French free traders have now actively and en ergetically entered into the campaign, which was opened with due solemnity in the Salle Montesquieu on the 25th of August. At this re-union, presided over by the Due d'Harcourt, were present Anisson, Duperron, Horace Say, Fiele-ic Bastiat, Leon Faucher, Riglet, Blenqui, Michel Chevalier, and Louis Reyband, &c. The meet ing was successively addressed by the Duc d'Harcourt, Lean Faucher, Right, and Blanqui, who exposed the mischief which was and is the result of protection. The sympathies of the audience were entirely with the speakers, for the facts were easy of comprehension, and the truths were home truths ; and each, as dealt forth, told fearfully against monopoly, finding a ready and con firmatory response in the breasts of the auditors, who in the common occurrences of their daily life, constantly experience inconvenience and suffering from the prohi bitory tariffs of tho Custom-house. The systems of agi tation proposed and adopted (as I take it) consists in es tablishing in every town of note, and of sufficient popula tion, a local league, which, while it acts under the direc tion and in unison with the central executive council, will of itself have sufficient distinctiveness to interest the inhabitants, and be able to demonstrate daily and hourly, theoretically and practically, the disadvantages of protection. Each league will represent as it were a different class of the community, with their different in terests and reasons of hostility to prohibition. " Thus we see three in full and active life. La Ligue Bordelaise, La Ligue Parisienne, and La Ligue Marsel- Isis° ; the first representing the wine growers and agri cultural producers, who find the protection awarded to some of the manufacturers deprives them of a good mar ket for their wine, and forces them to use agricultural implements and machines ages behind those employed in England or in Belgium, and retards the progress and improvement dictated alike by nature and reason. The second, the manufacturers of those graceful articles, in digenous to France, and characteristic of her people, which have a European reputation, and would have commanded a European market, but for protection, which also deprives them of good and cheap machinery and tools, substituting in their stead those which are extensive, and bad. The third, the shipowners, mer chants, and traders, who year by year see their trade diminish, and pass into the hands of strangers. Their ships empty, their crews idle, their ports filled with foreigners. And this the result of that protection which has not only crippled, but, in spite of the increase in wealth and population of France, has reduced her merchant navy far below what it was fifteen years back." RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL, NOVEMBER 10. STOCK Excriasnan-The sales are-Ambergate and East ern Junction, 6s. 3d. p.-Birkenhead, Lancashire and Che shire, 17 s p.-Birmingham and Dudley, % p.-Birmingham 'and Oxford Junction, 7% p.-Chester and Birkenhead, 52% -Ditto, Halves, 26%-Ditto, 20/. Shares, 1% p.-Dundee and Perth, New, 3% p.-Eastern Counties, York Extension, 2 p.-East Lancashire, No. 1, New, 4 p.--Ditto, No. 2 (late Ormskirk and Preston), cum new, 4 3 % -Edinburgh and Glas gow, Halves, 9 3 / 4 p.-Edinburgh and Perth, 3j4 dis.-Glas • Qow and Dumfries, 1,4 p.-Great Grimsby and Sheffield, uarters, % dis.-Ditto, Extension, 1% dis.-Great Western, New Shares, 5% p.-Huddersfield Canal and Railway, 4% p. -Leeds and Dewsbury, 10% p.- Ditto, Branch (Blue), 6 3 / 4 p.-Leeds and Thirsk, 2 1 4 dis -Liverpool and Bury, New, 18s. 9d. p.-London and North-Western, 197-Ditto, New Quarters, 14 p.-London and York (Direct Northern), % dis. -Manchester, Bolton, and Bury Extension, 18s. 93. p.- Manchester and Leeds, Fifths, 5% p.-Ditto, Extension, 21s. 3d. p.-Midland, 134-Ditto, 401. Shares, 10% p.-North British, Quarters, 2 1 ,6 p.-Ditto, New, IL ls. 3d. p.-North Staffordshire, 3 1 / 4 p.-North Western, 1 1 4 p.-Preston and Wyre, Halves (B), % p.-Sheffield and Manchester, Quar ters, No. 3, Is. 3d. p.-Shrewsbury, Oawestry, and Cheshire, 1 3 % dis.-Shrewsbury and Birmingham, % p.-Shropshire Union Railway and Canal, 1 dis.-South-Eastern and Dover, New, No. I, 3j4 p.-Ditto, New, No. 4, I Is. 3d. p.-South Wales, 3 / 4 dis.-Armagh and Portrush, 2 ls. 3d.-Belfast and Ballymena, 7 dis.-Newry and Warrenpoint, p. -Dutch Rhenish, % dis. MANCHESTER, NOVEMBER 10. STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Ambergate, Notting.. ham, and Boston, 14 p.-Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Che shire, 2% p.-Birmingham and Dudley, 6 3 / 4 p.-Birming ham and Oxford Junction, 7% p.-Eastern Counties, York Extension, 1 13-16 p.-East Lancashire, 4% p.-Ditto, No. 1, New, 4% p.-Ditto, No. 2 (late Liverpool, Ormskirk, &c. ) 4 3 / 4 p.-East Lincolnshire, % p.-Edinburgh and Glasgow, Halves, 10% p.-Fleetwood, Preston, and West Riding, 2s. dis.-Glasgow and Dumfries, I% p.-Great Grimsby and Sheffield, 3 dis.-Huddersfield, Halifax, and Bradford, 1% p. -Huddersfield and Manchester Railway and Canal, 4% p.- Leeds and Thirsk, 3 dis.-Ditto, New, % dis.-Leeds, Dews bury, and Manchester, 11 1 A c. p.-Ditto, New Branches, 7 /4 p.-Liverpool and Bury, gew Shares, 1 5-16 p.-Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle Junction, % dis -London, Man chester, and Birmingham, 75-Ditto, Quarters (C), 6 p.- Manchester and,Southampton, 125.6 d. dis.-Midland, Consols, 135-North British, Quarters, 2% p.-Ditto, Extensionj p. -North Staffordshire, 3 p.-North Union (A), 220-North Western, 3 / 4 p.-Oldham, Birkenhead, &c., 17s. dis.-Preston and Wyre, Halves (A), 4% p.-Ditto, ditto (B), p.- Sheffield and Lincolnshire, 1 ,4 dis.-Sheffield and Manches ter, Quarters, No. 2, 21%-Ditto, ditto, No. 3, par-Shrop shire Union, 1 4 dis.-South-Eastern and Dover, No. 4, 9-16 p.-West Riding Union, 1 9-16 p.-Wharfdale (late North- Eastern), % dis.-Whitehaven and Furness, 2 3 4 dis.-York and Carlisle, 2 dis. LEEDS, NOVEMBER 10. STOCK EKCHANGE.-The sales are-Birmingham and Ox ford Junction, 7 p.-Eastern Counties, York Extension, 2 p, -East Lancashire, No. 2 (late Liverpool, Ormskirk, &c.), p.-East and West Yorkshire, 15s. dis.--Huddersfield and Manchester, p.-Leeds and Bradford, 44 1 / 3 p.-Leeds 'and Dewsbury, 11 p.-Ditto, Branches, 7% p.-Ditto, Ex tension, 18s. p.-Leeds and Thirsk, dis.-Manchester and Leeds Extensions, 21s. p.-Manchester, Buxton, Mat lock, and Midland, 265. p.-Midland, Preference, 5 p.-North British, Quarters (late Carlisle Branch), 525. 6d. p.-Ditto, Extension (scrip), 245. 6d. p.-North Staffordshire, 3% p.- Wharfdale Junction, 9s. dis.-York and Newcastle, New, 13% p.-Ditto, Preference, 4% p.-York and North Midland, Preference, 8 15-16 p.--Ditto, East and West Riding, 16 p. -Ambergate, Nottingham, and Boston, 6s. p.-Bucking hamshire, 10s. dis.-Glasgow and Dumfries, 103. p.-Leeds, Wakefield, and Midland, 16s. dis.-London and York, 3s. 6d. e. dis.-Malton and Driffield Junction, 13s. p.-Midland and Thirsk Junction, 20s. dis.-North Western, 16s. 6d. p.- Sheffield, Rotherham, and Goole, 2s. 6d. dis.-West Riding Union, 3/. 12s. s.-York and Carlisle, 2% dis. s.--Yorkshire and Glasgow Union, 41s. 6d. dis. s. HULL, NOVEMBER 10. STOCK EXCHANGE.-Our market to-day has been equally , active with yesterday, and all our quotations, with the ex ception of North Staffords, are higher. All stocks dealt in close firm, with a prospect of further improvement. The sales are-North British, Quarters, 80e. 6d.-Ditto, New Quarters, scrip, 235. 9d.-York and Newcastle, Preference, 4L 12s. p.-Aberdeen. 21. 11te -kmbergato, Nottingham, and Boston, 2L 175.-Blackburn, Darwen, and Bolton, % p.- Blackburn, Clitheroe, &c., 5 ,6 scrip-East Lancashire, No. 2 (late Liverpool, Ormskirk, &c.), Bs. p.-Fleetwood, Preston, and West Riding, 225.-North Western, 13s. 6d. p.-North Staffordshire, 3/. 4s. p.-Northern Counties Union (York and Glasgow Union), lls. SHEFFIELD, NOVEMBER 10. STocK ExcriANGE.-The sales are-Birmingham and Ox ford, 6L 16s. p.-East Lancashire, No. 2 (late Ormskirk), 41. lls. p.-East Lincolnshire, par-Great Grimsby and Shef field, 3/. 6s. dis-Ditto, Extensions, 28s. dis.-Ditto, Quar ter Shares, 14s. dis.-Ditto, Docks, 3 4 dis.-Midland, New Shares, 4% p.-North Western, 14s. p.-Sheffield and Lin coln 12s. dis.-Sheffield, Rotherham , and Goole, 2s. die.- Manchester, Sheffield, and Midland, 2/. 6s. 6d. dis.-South Yorkshire Coal Railway, lls. dis. YORK, NovicsusEß 10. STOCK ERMA/KM-The sales are-Ambergate, Notting ham, &c., 2%-London and York, 214-Manchester, Buxton, Matlock, and Midland, 3%-Newcastle and Berwick, 33 1 4- North British, Halves, 16%-Ditto, Quarters, 3/. 18s. 9d.- Ditto, Extension, IL 163.-North Staffordshire, 5/. 95.- North Western, 1/. 18s. 6d.-West Ridiag Union, 14s. 6d. scrip-York and Newcastle, New, 18% cum new-Ditto, Preference, 6% -York and North Midland (East and West Riding Extension). 23% cum new-Ditto, Preference, 10%. EDINBURGH, NovEmBEE 9. STOCK EXCHANGE.-The sales are-Aberdeen, 19/. 108.- Airdrie and Bathgate, 41. Bs.-Arbroath and Forfar, 281.- Ditto, Halves, 151. 10s.-Ayr and Galloway, 1 1. 7s. 3d.- British and Irish Union, 2/. 3s.- Caledonian, 241.-Ditto, New, 21. 3a.-Caledonian and Dumbartonshire, P. Cs.- Clydesdale Junction, 341.-Direct Northern, 11. 16s. 6d.- Dundee and Arbroath, 371.-East of Fife, 1L 145.-Edinburgh and Bathgate, 2/. 15e.-Edinburgh and Glasgow, 761.-Ditto, Halves, 201. 10s.-Ditto, Quarters, 191.-Edinburgh. Leith, and Grantors, 221. 10.4.-Ditto, Preference, 211.-Edinburgh and Northern, 15/. 7s. 6d.-Ditto, Newport, 3/. lls.-Edin burgh and Perth, 1/. 195.-Glasgow and Ayrshire, 691.- Ditto, New Stock, 361.-Ditto, Quarters, 17/. 15s -Ditto, Halves, 71. 125.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 31. ls.- Glasgow and Dundee Junction, 1/. 18s. 9d.-Garnkirk and NewGl Glasgow, 4 1 0 5 / 5 ..- _G E ! i a t s t g o w p r a e n fe d Greenock, r en ee ,8i.2 1 5 6 . d 1 . 2 - s . G 6 r d. -D e at North i tt, of Scotland, 2/. 35.-Great Western, 13fL-London and York, IL 17s. 6d.-Newcastle and Berwick, 321. 10s.-North British, 371. 2s. 6d.-Ditto, Halves, 161. 10s.-Ditto, Quar ters, ex new, 3/. 15s. 6d.-Ditto, ditto, New, scrip, 1/. 145.-. Ditto, Fifths, 71. 10s.-Scottish Central, 201. 10s.-Ditto, New, 10L 17e. 6d.-Scottish Midland, 131 10s.-Scottish Grand Junction, IL-Stirling and Dunfermline, 1L 7s. 6d. ASSISTANCE TO THE WEAK.--Last week, while a farmer at Ompton, Notts, was ploughing, accompanied by his shepherd dog, a hare, pursued by a large weaz:-I, ran into the field where they were. The dog• stood a spectator for some time, until the p , or hare was almost exhausted, and nearly overtaken by its pursuer, when the dog ran across, and having seized and killed the weasel, allowed the hare to pursue her course unmolested. SCOTTISH AGRICULTURAL REPORTS. I(From the Caledonian Mercury.) EAST LOTHIAN.— During the first three weeks of the month showers were both frequent and heavy, the total' fall of rain in October being three inches and four-tenths. On the morning of Monday last the ground was white with hoar frost, a thin coating of ice covered the small pools of water on the road—still the weather, on the whole, has been very mild for the season of the year, the thermometer generally ranging from 45 to 55 degre's. A few fields were sown with wheat at the close of last month and the commencement of this ; but, from the continued wetness of the land nothing more has been done until within the last two or three days, when some farmers have been making a beginning by sowing the* last ploughed or driest portions of their bean land. What. has been done is neatly finished off, but notwithstanding the earliness of the harvest, there is scarcely as much' sown as there was last year at this time. However, dry' weather for anoth er wee k or f ourteen d ays wou ld allow a• great deal to be sown, as a large proportion of the land intended for winter wheat has been already ploughed. There is also a greater breadth of stubble turned over than is usual at this period. The mild weather has been favourable for the growth of the turnip crop. The Swedish variety generally have imp roved cons iderabl y, though the late sown o f a ll kinds are a light crop still. Wher. stock have been already put on them, it is under stood that they are not standing anything like the same amount of eating as they have done for the last two years. Pasture grass is more abundant than it has been for many years. The quantity of keep that has been got from young grass has allowed old pastures to get well. up, so that should the winter prove tolerably open, fewer turnips than usual will be required for sheep stock, and which may t - nd to make the inferiority of this crop less felt. From the wet state the land has been often in, it has been at titres rather difficult to remove turnips even from the driest soils, and she p, where folded on them, have had frequently to be removed to pasture fields.— Oct. 31. WEST LOTHIAN.—In consequence of the pre dominance of rain during this month, the sowing of wheat has been considerably retarded, and unless the weather assume a more favourable aspect, in many cases the seed will not be got into the ground this season. Early-sown wheat, however, looks well, and, if any thing, threatens to be a shade too rank. The turnip crop has turned out better than expected, The alarm regarding it has passed away, and all varieties may be pronounced to be in a healthy state, growing apace, and a fair crop generally. During this month pasturage has been luxuriant beyond usual at this season, and the young grasses thick and thriving. Wheat is a fair yield, and may be averaged at 34 bushels per Scots acre, sound in quality, and weighing from 58 to 63 lbs. Barley at 40 bushels—from 50 to 51 lbs. ; and oats at 48 bushels —from 38 to 39 lbs. Beans are much under an average. Oats are found to meal well, but distillers complain that the produce from barley is below that of ordinary years, weight for weight. In no part of Scotland has the de struction of the potato been more complete than in West Lothian. But we do not despair of this crop, as it is probable that the disease will run its course and disap pear.—Oct. 30. FIFESHIRE.—The few patches of grain which were outstanding at the beginning of the month have all been secured, after having suffered from sprout and otherwise. The weather has been exceedingly wet. very unfavour able for all out-door work, and little or nothing has been done to the wheat seed. We never, within ourzecollea don, saw so little wheat sown at this season. The wheat after fallow is looking well, except on some damp spots, where the seed has perished from excess of mois ture. The weather, although wet, has been warm. There have been only one or two frosty mornings, which have had almost no effect in checking vegetation, and the pastures are everywhere as green as if it were mid summer, Turnips upon thick dry ground have been Improving, but there has been too much rain for theta in general, and they are a light crop, and small in the bulb. The potatoes may be said, especially in the north of Fife, to be a complete failure. The few that remain in the ground will not pay the expense of lifting—and they are only taken up in many instances to get rid of them as a weed. The potato failure is of a much more serious nature than was generally anticipated, and its effects are only now beginning to be felt, not only in the want of the potato itself, but in the want of the pig, the high price of provisions, and in the scanty meal of many.—Nov. 3. KINCARDINESHIRE.—It is very fortunate that the har vest was got so early and well securel, for, had it been as late as usual, it is more than probable a large portion of the crop would have been much injured, as since the 19th of September, the weather upon the whole has been excessively wet, with a mild temperature. At that pe riod the land was remarkably dry, indeed drier than we recollect to have seen it a t that period of the year, and the turnips were suffering much from want of moisture, but they at last got a proper sulking, and for sometime bygone those on undrained land have been kept far toe wet. The heavy rains, however, put a stop to the mil dew with which a good many of the early fields had be gun to be effected ; and as most of the withered leaves have now fallen down, the crop has a more fresh appearance than it had a month ago. The late turnips have improved a good deal since harvest, and may yet turn out a middling crop ; but there are complaints that the bulbs of both the early and late are increasing but slowly. The grass fields are still quite fresh and green. Very few of the field potatoes are yet taken up, or are considered worth the labour of raising and pickin.r. Little can be added to what we formerly stated regarding the corn crops. They are generally allowed to be yielding fair to the straw at the thrashing mill, but that the bulk in the stack-yard is a good deal less than that of last year. As to quality, early barley, off good soils, weighs about 53 ns. per bushel, and a small portion of the best from that to 54i lhs. Oats are fully as varied in quality; and, where injured, ai they were in some cases by rust and mildew, the return will be very deficient, and the grain decidedly bad.—Nov. 4. SOUTH DISTRICT OF FORFARSHIRE.—AIthough during the first three weeks of this month an extraordinary quantity of rain fell, and, in consequence, wheat sowing has been put a stop to, yet at the period we write, the work of the plough and general field operations are well advanced. The new crop of wheat continues, from most accounts, to thrash out well, although, as might have been expected, the quality is a good deal affected by the damp weather. Although there is little specu lative inquiry, and in the face of considerable deliveries, this valuable article continues to bring high prices—but this is not surprising, when it is admitted at all hands that a great increased consumption is at present going on. A feeling being now generally prevalent that our barley crop is of inferior yield, has caused an unusally spirited demand for this article, which, since our last report, has in consequence advanced from Bs. to 10s. per quarter, the price being 395. for 53 lbs. per bushel. If the trade in this article may seem somewhat too spe culative and unhealthy, it cannot be so said of wheat and oats, the supplies of which seem pretty nearly suited to the consumptive demand.—Nov. 3. GRAND POLISH BALL AND CONCERT AT GUILD HALL, ON WEDNESDAY, THE 18TH INST.—We are glad to have it in our power to announce that the approach ing entertainment will, this year, be on a scale of un usual splendour. Notwithstanding the decorative ar rangements preserved from the Lord Mayor's day, some further embellishments have been added by the Com mittee of Management to render the scene of the evening of the 18th worthy of the object for which it is intended, and a select concert, at which most of our emi nent vocalists have promised to assist gratuitously, will take place in the Council-room ; and the magnificent tapestry worked by the ladies of Poland, and presented by them to „Lord Dudley Stuart will also be exhibited in some conspicuous part of the ball. A remarkable feature of this annual fête is the patronage granted to it, not only by . the citizens of London, but by a large numb'r of the aristo cracy, and no less than six Cabinet Ministers, and there is no doubt that some of them will attend the ball. Everything conducive to the brillancy and the comfort of the elegant and nun erous'company which are expected, has been most liberally provided; and it is not surprising that more than half of the tickets have already been sold. To the votaries of amusement it is a tempting opportu nity which they must not neglect, if they wish to behold one of the most brilliant balls of the year. THE WORKS AT THE NELSON COLUMN.-It is stated that the long procrastinated completion of the works on the Nelson Column in Trafalgar-square will very soon be finally brought to a close. Workmen have been actively employed on the work during the last few days. R. J. EATON, ESQ., M.P.—A paragraph, originat ing with the Times, has gone the round of the press, stating that this gentleman haft died at Ma lta. Th i s rumour el w ie a vd sep,r although eval en t for at some the time, an d tim was time It very as c g e e e n7 - - dered rather remarkable that the family of the 11 . o s n. Gentleman had received no information r We can now state, on g ood authority, that by v h e ' e ll ,st accounts Mr. Eaton is reported h to have beet outto riiallta hthteseulb lat es t and that his medical attendant as Advertiser. state of his ging br health will permit.—Canz been successful have th e expe riments FARES.—S 0 with the view of brin g gme h ome system i s tis now from np I r i a u c n t e e r foonr dtht h e Market line t o o l. Pr road from the Eastern Counties Railway to the Elephant and Castle, the fare being threepence. Pad dington, i n gton, on that t h FOREIGN CHESTNIITS. — The arrival of chestnuts from abroad within these few days have been of a very extensive character, they being very plentiful this sea son, not only here but on the Continent. Lady Shuckburgh died at Shuckburgh Park, Warwickshire, on Sunday last. Her Ladyship was daughter of Peter Dennys, Esq., and cousin to the Earl of Pomfret, and married, 1825, the present Sir Francis Shuckburgh, Bart. Viscount Morpeth received at dinner an:the evening at Carlisle House, Grosvenor - place, wSisi,r Mr. and Grey, Mr. Macaulay, Mr. Parker, Lady Morgan, Prince Tagore, Mr. Lewis and Lady L Mrs. Bancroft, Baron and Lady Parke, Mr. and Mrs. Holland, &c. FORGERY BY A. POSTMASTER.-011 Tuesday pro clamations were posted throughout the metropolis, offer ing a reward of fifty guineas for the apprehension of Mr. James Morse. chemist and druggist, of Barnet, Hert fordshire, who has filled the office of deputy postmaster for a considerable time past. It appears that Morse has committed forgeries to a very great extent on the Post office, which, coming to the knowledge of the authorities, they endeavoured to arrest the delinquent, but Morse had fled a few hours previously to the arrival of the officers, and is supposed to have gone to the United States. . REPRESENTATION OF RENFREW SHlRE.—Colond Mure, of Caldwell, has offered himself as a candidate for the representation in Parliament of the county of Ren frew, vacant by the death of Mr. P. M. Stewart.—Cale doßian Mercury.