The Sun. — London, England, 1846-11-25 00:00:00

THE NEXT VOLUME OE THE STANDARD NOVELS AND RU- I MANCES. Will Contain THE POAr'llEit. By Captain M k RRYAT. (With the Magazines at the end 01 the Month). This Unrivalled Ser es now Contains:— ` WORKS OF J. FENIMORE CoOPER. The Pilot —The Spy '.ast of the Mohicans—The Pioneers—The Prairie—Lionel 7. neoln—The Borderers—Water Witch—The Bravo—Red Rover —The Ileadstnan—lleidenmauer—Precaution —Homeward Bound —The Pathfinder—The Deerslayer—The Two Admirals —Jack o'Lantena. Each in 1 vol. complete, neatly bound and embel lished, price 63. ish /3IR E. BULER LYTTON% Euene Aram—Paul Clifford —The Last Days o W f Pompeii. Neatly bound and em belled. Each Work in one volume, 6s. G. P. R. JAMES. Darnley—De L'Orme—Philip t Augustus—Henry M as terton—The Man-at-Arms. Neatly bound with igravin‘s. Each Work in one volume, price 6s. THEODORE HOOK. Maxwell —The Parson's Daughter —Jack Brag—Gilbert Gurney—The Widow a nd the All Marquis—l in the Wrong. Each work in or.e volume, neatly bound hE gravings, Gs. CAP f MARRYATT'S N AVAL STORIES. Peter Slmp i e Jacob Faithtul—Japhet in search of a Father—King's Own—Mid shipman Easy—Newton Forster—The Paella of Many Tales—The Poacher. Each work neatly bound and embellished in one volume, 6s. ZiISS AUSTEN. Emma—Mansfield Park —Northanger Abbey and Pernlaiiioll —Pride and Prejudice. Each complete in ene volume neatly hound and embellished, 6s. MRS. BRUNTON. Self-Controlpline. Neatly bound and em b e llished, each work complete in D (no v. 1., 6s. MORIER. Hajji Baba —llajji Baba in England—Zohrab—Ayesha. price Gs., each work neatly bound and embellished with En gravings. MAXWELL. Stories of Waterloo—The Bivouac— Captain Blake. Each work complete in one vol., neatly bound with Engravings, Gs. MRS. TROLLOPE. The Vicarof Wrexhill—Widow Barnaby. Each work complete in one vol. neatly bound with Engravings. Gs. 3L RS. GORE. Mothers and Daughters—The Soldier of Lyons Cecil. Each work complete in one vol. bound with Engravings. Gs. Also the most Popular Works of the Following Distinguished Authors. THE AUTHOR of" MARRIAGE"' HON. C. A. MURRAY. THOMAS HOOD. LOVER. THE MISSES PORTER. GRATTAN. WHITEHEAD. GODWIN. BANIM. CAPT. CHAMIER. GALT. .c. &c. w Burlington-street. of all Booksellers. ------- &c. & Richard Bentley, tie , •,,,« To be had also Now rady, in 3 vols , post Svo., T HE ROMANCE OF WAR; Or, THE HIGHLANDERS IN SPAIN. By JAMES GRANT, Esq., late G2d Regiment. In the garb of old Gaul, with the tire of old Rome, From the heath-covered mountains of Scotia we come ; Our loud-sounding pipe breathes the true martial strain, And our hearts still the old Scottish valour retain."—Erskine. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. RAILWAY SHARKS BY PUBLIC SALE AXESSRS. LAMOND and Co., RAILWAY SHARE AUCTIONEERS, beg to thank their Friends and the Public for their continued support and patronage, and • to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, &c., take place every TozsDAT and FRIDAY, at One o'clock, at the Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place, favours, containing instructions (with a reference), are respectfully requested to be addressed. All Scrip and Share Certificates must be deposited, the day previous to their being offered ; and advices of results will be forwarded by the first post after the sale, and the proceeds imme diately disposed of according to instructions. Offices. Hall of Commerce. Threadneedle-street. London. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. THIS EVENING Will bo performed Balfe's celebrated Opera, entitled THE MAID OF Alt WIS. Marquis de Chateau Vieux, Mr. Borrani ; Jules de Mentagnon, Mr. W. Harrison; Sans Regret, Mr. Burdini ; Synnelet, Mr. Weiss; Ninka, Miss Isaacs; Isoline, Madame Anna Bishop. After which the new Ballet, entitled THE OFFSPRING OF FLOWERS. In which Messrs. Howell, Bretin, Theodore, Mdlle. Fabbri, Madame Theodore, and Mdlle. Adele will perform. To conclude with the first act of the Ballet of THE DEVIL TO FAY. In which will appear Mons. Bretin, Mr. W. H. Payne, Mons. Theodore.:Ar. Howell, &c. ; Mdlle. Fabbrl, Mdlle. Louise, Madame Theodore, tice. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the Management of Mr. It. Webster, sole Lessee. THIS EVENING _ - Wlll be performed an original Comedy, entitled LOOK BEFORE YOU LEAP; or, Wooings and Weddings. Mr. Oddington, Mr. W. Farren ; Mr. Rashleigh, Mr. Hudson ; Mr. De Vere, Mr. Hull ; Mr. Brandon, Er. Howe; Mr.Harilman, Mr. Rogers; Jack Spriggs, Mr. Webster ; Tcm 'Tilley, Mr. Buckstone ; 31iss Brown, Mrs. Glover ; Claribel Oddington, Miss Fortescue ; Vary Oddington, Miss I'. Horton ; Elinor Mortimer, Mrs. Yarnold ; Fanny Hartman, Miss Julia Bennett. To be followed with (by desire) a Comic Drama, entitled USED UP. Sir Charles Coldstream, Mr. Webster ; Mary, Miss Julia Bennett; Lads Clutterbuck, Mrs. Humby. During the evening the Band will perform the Overtures, "Pre aux Clercs," and "Les Travestissemens ;" " ( lementinen" (Ma zonrka) ; " Camellion " (Galop) ; and the " Esterhazy " (Walzer). To conclude with a new Farce, called SPRING GARDENS. Lord Courtington, Mr. Holl: Sir Arthur Lovel, Mr. Howe ; Scoreup, Mr. Buckstone ; Lady Clarissa, Mrs. Buckingham ; Mrs. Scoreup, Miss Julia Bennett. Box-otlice open from Twelve till Four ; under the direction of lir. T. Archer, Boa Book-keeper. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPiII. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MADAME CELESTE. THIS EVENING Will be performed a grand Fairy Spectacle, founded on the Ballet of LA GISELLE, entitled THE PHANTOM DANCERS or, the Wills Bride. Principal characters by Mr. Wright, Mr. P. Bedford. Mr. 0. Smith, Mr. Cullenford, Madame Celeste, Miss Marian Taylor, Miss Emma 'larding - , Miss Ellen Chaplin, and Mrs. Laws. After which the original Domestic Drama, called THE WRECK ASHORE ; or, The Bridegroom 01 the Sea. Marmaduke Magog. Mr. Wright ; Alice, Mrs. Yates. To conclude with a Bozzian Sketch, in one act, called MRS. GAMP'S TEA AND TURN-OUT. Principal characters by Messrs. Cullentord, Worrell, Ryan, Wright, Munyard ; Miss 31. Taylor, and Miss Ellen Chaplin. PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager. THIS EVENING Will be performed an original romantic Opera, In three parts, entitled THE NIGHT DANCERS ; founded on the Story of " Giselle." The principal characters personified by Miss Ceorgiana Smithson, Madame Albertazzi, Miss Flower, Miss Somers, Misses Marshall; Messrs. Leffler, Allen, Bodda, Walton, T. Hill, thinner, Fermi, &c. To conclude will Goldsmith's Comedy of SUE STOOPS TO CONQUER. Sir Charles Marlow, Mr. Wynn ; Young Marlow, Mr. Vining; Bardcastle, Mr. Granby ; Tony Lumpkin, Mr. Compton ; Hastings, Mr. Roxby ; Diggory, Mr. Cowell ; Miss liardcastle, Mrs. Stirling ; Miss Neville, Mrs .ilughes ; Mrs. Hardcastle. Mrs. Fosbrolie. OLYMPIC THEATRE. Mr. George Bolton, sole Lessee and Manager. lIIIS EVENING Will be produced an entirely Neu and Original Comedy, in flee acts, entitled LIFE. Mr. Orstan, Mr. Archer; Frank Orstan, Mr. Leigh Murray; Sir Thomas Menton, Mr. Walter Lacy ; Sir Jacob Sznallwit, Mr. George Bolton; Sir Robert Folair, Mr. J. Cowell ; Cancara, Mr. Wilkinson ; Lady Bait, Mrs C. Jones ; Fanny Archer, Wm Walter Lacy ; Emily Orstan, Mrs. Gordon. After which, Shakspere's History of JACK CADE. Jack Cade, 31r. Maynard. lo conclude with a new pram! PALLET DIVERTISSEMENT. Boxes, 2s. 6d. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Lessee, Mrs. Frances Davidge. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new melo-dramatic Tale of Enchantment, called GISELLE ; or, The Phantom Nlzht Dancers. Maximilian, 31r. Pelham ; Peterkin, Mr. Webb ; Caspar, Herr Dentin ; Giselle, Mrs. Saville; Dame Bertha, Mrs. Daly; Myrtha, Miss Terrey. After which, the VIRGINIAN HARMONISTS will sing their po pular Negro Melodies, and perform their celebrated Railway Overture. To followed by the popular Ballet of LA STATUE BLANCHE. To conclude with a new Drama, entitled QUENTIN 3IATSYS ; or, The Smith of Antwerp. Quentin Matsys, Mr. Saville ; Williewig, 3fr Heslop ; Clementina, Mrs. Saville ; Dame, Mrs. Daly ; Joan, Miss Terrey. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. Patronised by her Most Gracious Majesty tte Queen. Prince Albert, and Royal Family. Immense attraction and double spec tacle. " The Demon Horse" and " Waterloo." First Week of the appearance of Mr. Gomersal as " Napoleon Buonaparte." THIS EVENING Will he performed a grand new Magical Equestrian Romance, en titled THE DEMON HORSE ; or, The Twelve Wishes and the Charmed Bit. In which will be introduced the Syrian Camels and trained Deer, and the' Wild Stag-Hunt. Entire change in the Scenes of the- CIRCLE. In which will ap pear Herr Amidio Nuperte, the great Dutch Bottle Equilibrist. To conclude with the grand Military Spectacle of THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. Napoleon, Mr. Gomersal. Box-office open trom eleven till five o'clock.—Doom open at six an-1 commence at half-past six o'clock.—Stage Manager, Mr. W. Droadfoot. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE, Immense success of the alteration of the prices of admission to one general level, so that all parts of the house shall bear a just and liberal proportion—viz., Boxes, Is. ; Half-price, 6,1. ; Fit, 6d. ; Gallery, 3d.—and first week of 1 . The Black Doctor," with great scenic effect. TIIIS EVENING Will be performed TFIE BLACK DOCTOR. In which Miss Yin- Cent, Mrs. G. Lee, Miss L. Pearce, Mrs. R. Barnett, and Me.srs. }Awards, Bird, Searle, Forman, &c., will perform. TO conclude with the Nautical Drama of 111 F LIFE RAFT; or, The Two Rtefers. Supported by the entire strength of the Company. 'IHE WEATHER.—SuN OFYICE,: NOVEMBER 24. TdERMOMETER, Lowest, 48; Highest. 54 ; Noon, 55. BAROMETER, 29.64.—W1ND W., rainy. HIGH WATER AT LONDON-FIRIDGE 'MIS DAY. ]horning .. 59 minutes after 5. !Evening .. 29 minutes after 6. • A • 4 1 tk f.3:1 04 ) • s o:01.11.NA, a s .4 1:02, 414 " ,1411111.11! X ' 41* • ..9PY,,,44,1111.17 / 4 0* fji \ ‘trairwif, • ' l""s.j • mos - Ai - IT • ‘:,•!.'741r4:::---- fitaritinff (*int LONDON, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER, 25, 1846. Treaties are now-a-days little better than waste paper. England has received cause not merely to protest against the infraction of the solemn compact signed at Utrecht in 1713, but to assert and main tain the sanctity of international stipulations just violated by the rupture of that Vienna treaty, by which the assembled Sovereignties of Europe, in 1815, endeavoured to ensure a perpetual peace. Austria, Russia, and Prussia have broken faith. They had virtually drawn the sword by their con temptuous intrigues to foment a spirit of insubordi nation in Galicia; they have now thrown away the scabbard by their recent occupation and annexation of Cracow. No more insolent act of violence was ever committed against the most sacred rights of an ind - pendent race; no more execrable deed of spoliation was ever perpetrated by three despo is and perfidious protectors; no more infamous infringement of inter national engagements was ever attempted in civilised times. By this extravagant and deplorable proceed ing the confidence of nations in each other has ledestroyed' imperial majesty utterly • the honour of majesty h as been rendered a scorn and a mockery ; the tranquillity which Europe had hoped to render vrmanent, after such en ormous as blood s h e d, an d a t such prodigious sacrifices , af ter, ualtvmeactearliyoupsrcoovned tinuation during thirty-oneh years, $o be an unparalleled delusion. t o h rable e A c cording to the sixth article of the memorable t reaty proclaimed by the Congress of Vienna, publica i 'city of Cracow with itacircumjacentterritoriree: Wa3 decl, ,zed to have its freedom, its independence, and its neutrality ensured to it in perpetuity. To guarantee the performance of this solemn compact in favour of the last shadow which remained of the chivalrous but dismembered kingdom of Poland, three protectors were nominated—Russia, Prussia, and Aus tria. Those magnanimous Governments have broken the trust reposed in them by the rest of Europe : a pro clamation was issued under their sanction, and au thenticated by the signature of General CasziGuom, on the 16th of November, 1846, announcing the abro gation of the treaty solemnly entered into on the 3d May, 1815. Cracow is thereby incorporated with the territories of the Austrian empire. Galicia is divided into two portions, East Galicia retaining Lem burg as its capital and the seat of its administra tion, West Galicia receiving Cracow as its capital, and including within its boundaries the circles of Rzeszois, Bochnia, and Joslaw. The plea which the imperial conspirators have the audacity to ad vance for this atrocious disregard of all moral obliga tions is—can it be credited ?—the treachery of the Cracovian Republic in the Galician insurrection ! Was ever the inteliigence of mankind so gratuitously and egregiously insulted ? Cracow is deprived of the liberties which had been insured to it by the bonded nations of continental, of insular, and of peninsular Europe, because a mob of Austrian insurgents chose to render it the scene of their depredations and violence ! Cracow was passive in the revolt of Galicia; it was the victim of that revolt; it suffered from that ebullition of popular feel ing, which it had, in no overt manner in stigated, and in which it was in no overt manner implicated. And now, because it was thus passive, because it was the victim of the insubordinate Galicians, and because it has al ready suffered much from their reckless and desperate proceedings, its neutrality is to be laughed to scorn, its freedom is to be ignominiously torn from it, its independence is to continue no longer a barrier to the extension of northern despotism. And from whom does Cracow receive this villanous treatment? Why, from her protectors ; from the gigantic protectors by whose presumed magnanimity and integrity Europe had guaranteed her existence ! _ _ An act so opposed to all the principles of public or private morality cannot pass without evoking some thing more than the mere reprobation of mankind. The other great nations interested in the maintenance. of the treaty of Vienna will not remain unmoved ; they will, if they value the preservation of interna tional law, assert the sanctity of that code, and main tain their own respective dignity. It is scarcely a matter of much consideration whether France protests alone, and England does the same, and Sweden and Spain and Portugal, so long as they are coincident in their detestation of this act, and are united in their resolve to call the offending Governments to a strict account. Then the honour of humanity will be vin dicated, and the five nations already enumerated will be individually and collectively— " The helper of the helpless, and the saviour of the free." In the indignation which has been already aroused in England and France, and especially in the great capitals of London and Paris, against those who are implicated in the lawless annexation of Cracow, the long-dormant patriotism of Poland seems to have at length found national syinpathisers. The spirit of that buried empire seems no longer merely to " revi,it the glimpses of the moon" in the enthusiastic fancy of some penniless refugee, but is visible to the nations at broad day. Since the accession of the present Ministry to office the affairs of the Foreign Department have been singularly complicated and embarrassing. By the Montpensier marriage the entente cordiale was splintered to atoms ; by an unfortunate combination of circumstances, the negotiations with the vagrant Government of Rio de La Plata have been ren dered altogether nugatory; by the unforseen weakness of the military forces under GHOOLAII SINGH, the continuance of tranquillity in India is again rendered improbable; and now, by the seizure of Cracow, and its incorporation with the Austrian empire, the whole aspect of Europe has been changed. In the ability, the promptitude, the decision, and the diplo matic skill of Lord PALMERSTON we have every confidence. From no Minister should we be more sanguine of beholding energetic and decisive measures. While that Right Hon. Secre tary will maintain with a jealous anxiety the honour and dignity of Great Britain in its relation with fo reign countric*, lie will respond to the spirit of civilisation, and to the ultimate consequence of those great commercial acts which he aided in their recent passage through Parliament ; he will respond to those consequences, and to that spirit by endeavouring to allay all international animosities, and to prevent the state of Europe, if possible, from being seriously embroiled. 11 ar has at all times been regarded as the dernier ressort; that .3entiment was never more universally maintained than at this moment. With the advancement of know ledge the love of battle has retrograded. The recent acts of the Northern Powers have, however, rendered some bold and unanimous response necessary. In the hands of Lord PALMERSTON are reposed the destinies, and the dignity, and the honour of England. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN has begun to shake his feathers—and, more—he has promised to shake them regularly at intervals. He has written one long let ter—he has undertaken to write more. The series has commenced. All this is mighty sagacious. Mr. Sattltl O'BRIEN is sensible that his plumage is very much out of order, that it is no longer what it WAS. Shrewdly suspecting that his first shake might be a failure, that his primary effort to spread his wings, after the torpid plight in which he has for some time lain, would render apparent to the spec tators that his feathers were in a very ragged and disordered state, he assures them that his flighty experiments will be regularly renewed, with the view, we presume, of making them believe that he is merely " moulting " for the present, but that hereafter he will become quite sleek and full of the most attractive ' hues. we think, however, this strange bird will find himself deceived. He puts us in mind of one of those wretched .looking, undersized eagles, that are chained to isolated fragments of rock in some fanciful public gardens, which no one would ever dream of noticing, or would know even was near his path, if the air were not occasionally rent by a piteous scream. The visitor turns round, observes an exceedingly quaint object, with a very wild eye, giving one or two ricketty hops, and then instinctively passes on in search ofsome worthier object of attraction. But, to be serious, Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN has really written a letter, and in a right royal strain. It commences with "My Lords and Gentlemen," which is un doubtedly very imposing language. The writer is evi dently prescient of his high and future destiny. He takes no leap in the dark. "I must be a king !" he exclaims, " sic fats desinunt. The regal style best becomes one, so I adopt it at once." The "physical force" ukase is dated 17th of November, Cahirmoyle. It is addressed to the " Landed Proprietors of Ireland." The Nation pub lishes it to the world. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN takes up his old trade. He knows it will be all up with him unless he creat es b a d bl oo d, or k eeps up s t a l e animosities between the English and the Irish. He therefore dashes off in the following strain : In your hour of danger and difficulty, you find your selves abandoned by the power in which you trusted. The Premier taunts you with neglect of d u ty, an d l eaves you to your fate. The English press, faithfully repre senting the public sentiment of England, r ev il es you as the authors not only of the mischiefs produced by the union and by British misgovernment, but even of the calamities inflicted by the hand of Providence. In the opinion of a large portion of the people of England ther e is not a more noxious. cont em p tible, and ab ject creature than an Irish landlord." What a heap of trash have we here. The English press is grossly mi-represented. So far from England having abandoned Ireland, almost the last Act of the last session has conferred most extraordinary powers for raising money to alleviate Irish misery. So far from the Premier leaving them to their fate, the un wearied exertions of the Executive to effectuate the intentions of the Legislature have drawn the warmest encomiums from Mr. O'CONNELL. Lord JOHN Rus sznn is next popped at for not having summoned Parliament together. " A wise and bold Minister would not have shrunk from the performance of their imperative duty, but it appears to have been thought more prudent by a Government which cannot I command a majority in Parliament to avoid the risk of losin g th e i r p l aces. " Such is snarl the second. Far more likely is it to our mind, that a very foolish and rash man dreaded the risk of sinking into utter oblivion, unless he followed his imperious conceit of penning a profoundly stupid document. " The Minister would have been told by the voice of Parliament, as he might have been taught by the example of Sir ROBERT PEEL, that it is the duty of a Government, when the ordinary laws of supply and demand are deranged by a great and sudden calamity, to take care that food shall be placed within the reach of every individual, and that all abstract theories must bend to this necessity." This is snarl the third. Sir ROBERT PEEL will not feel flattered by the invidious comparison drawn be tween him and Lord JOHN RUSSELL. Praise from some is frequently less acceptable than the keenest of cen sure. The circumstances in which the Premier has been placed, as far as regards the question of famine, are widely different, both as to time and extent, from those under which Sir ROBERT PEEL had to govern. Everybody knows this perfectly well, the Member for Limerick excepted. After growling and grumbling on through several more tedious paragraphs, out starts the mouse from the mountain's side. Energetic and intelligent men, together with the Irish repre sentatives, are recommended to assemble in Dublin a month before the meeting of Parliament, to discuss how their country can be extricated from its present difficulties, to prepare Bills, arrange to have them brought forward by Irish Members, &c. This idea was promulgated by Mr. O'CONNELL himself long before Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN last sat down to write. He is guilty of downright plagiarism. The powerful firm established at Conciliation Hall has distinctly given out that it has "no connexion with the shop over the way." This was, no doubt, very annoying to the Member for Limerick just as he was starting in business; hut no degree of annoyance can justify his running off with his rival's stock. If he has no original ideas of his own, he had better shut up his premises it once, and this is what we earnestly ad vise as the best thing to be done. A letter from Lucerne, published in the Nouvelliste Vaudois, states that Prince SCUWARTZENBERG, a colonel in the Austrian service, is expected at Lu cerne to direct the military operations of the Catholic League. Everything continues quiet at Bale, at:So leure, and in the Valais. In the elections at Bale the Liberal candidates have been returned by an im mense majority. Madrid papers to the 16th have arrived. They contain no news of any importance. Mr. HEN DERSON, the delegate from the Spanish bondholders, had arrived at Madrid, but had not, up to that date, had an interview with the Finance Minister, Senor MoN. MADRID BoLsA, Nov. 16.—The Three per Cents. were done at 33t for cash ; the Four per Cents. at 20,1 ; the Five per Cents. at 21 ; the Coupons at 19i ; and the Debt without Interest at 61,-. We have received the Paris papers of Sunday. The annexation of Cracow to Austria is the subject of comment in all of them, except the Journal des Debats. Lord PALMERSTON, it would appear, has already protested against this proceeding on the part of the three Powers. The Constitutionnel says, "It was on Tuesday, the 17th, that the Prussian Minister communicated to Lord NORMANBY the decision come to by the three Northern Powers on the subject of Cracow, and the Ambassador immediately dispatched the intelligence to his Government. A letter which we have received from London informs us that Lord PALMERSTON, on the part of England, immediately protested against this decision. A letter from Berlin published in the National represents the confiscation of Cracow as wholly the work of Russia, and as a step towards the formation of that Eastern empire which it has been the constant ambition of every Russian ruler since PETER the GREAT to construct. " That Austria," says this writer, " should have desired to seize this territory is not astonishing. It has been a craving desire which has never left MET TERNICH since 1815. Prussia had no material in terests whatever in connexion with Cracow. Russia alone was opposed to this desire, and her consent to it t the present moment is a master stroke of policy for the following reasons:-1. Hitherto she alone has been exposed to the attacks of the whole world for her usurpations and her violence towards Poland ; now Austria will share with her the same responsibility and the remembrance of the re cent events in Galicia is sufficient to cause the Government of Prince METTERNICH to be classed in the same category as that of the CZAR. 2. Russia, having in the same convention obtained the recognition of her right to treat the ancient kingdom of Poland as an integral portion of her empire, all the protests and remonstrances that can be made on the part of France and England against this continuing infraction of the first article of the Treaty of Vienna will remain powerless against this association of the three Powers. There will then no longer be any distinct administration, nor the least hope of either representation or of national institutions. All these guarantees are destroyed by the new right' which the three Powers have just san9tioned. 3. By this small concession of Cracow to Prussia, and by compensations quite as slight accorded to Prussia, Russia attaches these Powers to her own policy as regards whatever she may hereafter undertake, in pursuit of the constant object of her ambition, the possession of the Bosphorus. Austria and Prussia being much more vulnerable than Russia, will necessarily stand in need of her assistance against all the eventualities of the west. Henceforth they cannot detach themselves from the CIL% R." That these are the views and designs of Russia in thus exciting Austria to this act of wicked spoliation there can be little doubt. It seems that the EMPEROR i 3 already preparing to carry into execution his ambitious de signs against the independence of the southern pro vinces of Europe, which are again threatened with an irruption of savage barbarians from the North. A letter from Odessa, published in the Univers, states that the Emperor NICHOLAS had ordered the con centration of an army of 160,000 men in Wolhynia. " Against whom," asks the writer, " Are these preparations intended? Their object is surrounded with the greatest mystery. Some believe that the Czar is intent on carrying out the Pansclavism scheme, others that those armaments are intended for the Caucasus, where the Russian troops have of late sus tained several defeats, and others connect them with the long meditated plan of establishing the great Eastern empire." In the meantime France is not slow in taking ad vantage of this flagrant violation of the Treaty of Vienna by the three Northern Powers. By that treaty it was stipulated that the fortress of Hunnin gen should remain for ever dismantled. " Why should not France," asked the Debuts of Saturday, " now that the Treaty of Vienna is violated, proceed to re construct the fortress of Hunningen ?" And in the Debuts of the following day we find the following announcement : "Four companies have received orders to march from the garrisons of Mulhouse and Belfort, and take up their quarters at Hunningen, it is believed, for the winter." These troops are accompanied by two officers of Engineers, who are ordered to prepare a draft of the former fortifications of the place, and an estimate of the cost of their reconstruction. It is more than pro bable, therefore, that the King of PRUSSIA will have to answer on the banks of the Rhine for the crimes of which he has been the accomplice on the banks of the Vistula. The Esprit Public says, that the manner in which the affair of Cracow has been taken up by the English press has raised the hopes of M. GUIZOT, who, on hearing the determination of the three Powers, exclaimed, " This is, perhaps, the bridge by which we may cross the Channel." The same paper states that the French cabinet intends to make overtures to England for a protestation in common, and that the Due DE BROGLIE will be dispatched to Lcndon to endeavour to bring about a renewal of the entente cordiale. It is said that M. GrIZOT'S note in reply to Lord PALMERSTON, on the subject of the Montpensier marriage, has undergone considerable modifications since the events in Cracow have become known. The Infante Don ENRIQUE arrived in Paris on Fri day. He is, it is said, completely reconciled to King Louis PHILIPPE. On Saturday he *as present at a review, in company with the Duc DE NEMOURS and the Due DE MONTPENSIER. The Moniteur Algerien of the 15th has the follow ing :—" The news from Oran is most satisfactory. Tranquillity has not been disturbed fur a single in stant, notwithstanding the proceedings of ADD-EL.- RADER and Boy MAZA. The last has completely failed in his attempts to excite a rising among the Beni-Snous. The French Three per Cents. declined in Paris on Sunday, owing to the fall in London. Several bar gains were done at 83f. 15c. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN IL AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, NOVXMBER 23. Boulogne and Amiens, 13 1 / 2 —Bordeaux, Toulouse and Cette (Espelete), —Demerara ! 31/ 4 —Jamaica South Alid land Junction, 2—Luxembourg4—Northern of France Con s'ituted, 10—Orleans and Bordeaux, 7 1 4 —Paris and Lyons Constituted, 4%—Pans and Orleans, 47 1 / 9 —Rouen and Havre, 25. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. (From Ths Sun of last. Night.) In the Liverpool Cotton market yesterday, the sales were 5,000 bales, 4,200 of which were American, at 54d, at 61d per lb. Egyptian realised 64d to 71d, and Bahia bid to 6'- a d per lb. The Share market had been quiet. The sale of railway shares, to-day, at Messrs. Dimond and Co.'s, was well attended, and a large num ber of shares sold. Prices about the same as last sale. The following are a few of the principal sales : Leicester and Bedford £o 16 0 Oxford, IN itney, and Cheltenham London and Manchester (Remington's) 0 10 0 Northern and Southern Connecting London and York Leicester and Birmingham Direct Northern (scrip) 1 19 0 Armagh, Coleraine, and Portrush Grand Unio❑ Shropshire Union and Canal Boston, Stamford, and Birmingham 1 5 6 Great Luxembourg Churnet and Blythe London and Brighton, Eighths York and Carlisle .... Cornwall and Devon Central East Lincolnshire Welsh Midland Shrewsbury and Herefordshire ...... 014 0 The accounts from the money markets of Vienna, Frankfort, Amsterdam, and Paris; being in some re spects more favourable, there is ra th er a b e tter feeling here, though it is admitted that the value of capital is still highest abroad, and that the tendency must natns ally be felt here as likely to attract money from us. The point to be borne in mind, however, is this—in what way will the Continent obtain any portion of our surplus bullion? Possibly upon the balance we may be debtor to some amount to foreign states, tor corn and provision su pplie s obtained, because as money is dear in Germany, &e., the growers will not be disposed to expend so liberally, and the merchants seeing this will give smaller orders than they otherwise would have done for British manufactures as return car , goes. We have no doubt but that, for this scarcity of money abroad, nearly all the corn purchased from the Continent, we leave the United States out of the question would have been paid for in manufac tures. As matters stand we feel persuaded that the want of confidence is the chief cause of the dearness of money at Berlin, Vienna, and elsewhere, and that there is money enough in Ger many to carry out the undertakings commenced, if pales would only take heart, and not resort to "hoard ing,".so pros alent i n ti mes o f fi nanc i a l embarrassment, especially in countries not enjoying a representative constitution, or banking institutions unconnected IA ith the State. There is another plan, also, by which bullion may be withdrawn from England, viz., by the contract of fresh loans, and the obtainment of capital for foreign railways,. no more of which we hope to see encouraged here, seing that we have already quite as many as are safe, and a greater proportion than could be wished. The precious metals are being exported rather more freely, but the shipments have been met in part by im ports from different parts. The first transfer day of the week, as upon other oc casions recently, has opened with better prices for stock, and Consols are now up to 94i s for present de livery, and have been 94 I for time. Exchequer Bills are marked 9s. to 12s. premium. The New Three-and a-Quarter per Cents. have been 951 and the Three per Cents. Reduced 93ii. Bank Stock has been quoted 206, and India Stock 256 to 258. In the Foreign investments the dealings have been very limited. Spanish Five per Cents. have been marked 25i, and the Passive st. Mexican Bonds have been quoted 21i. Dutch Two-and-a Half per Cents. have been 59, and Russian Bondi 110 i. For some time past the dispe.sition has been to invest in new, or partly paid up shares, to taking the old lines, which bear so high a value, proportionably to the excel lent dividends they mostly pay. As the new lines are, in the majority of cases now guaranteed, .they offer a temptation to purchasers up to a certain limit of price, which in many instances they have not obtained.—North Staffords have improved to-day to 31:1 premium. Shrews bury and Birmingham are, 4i 1. Lancaster and Car lisle have touched 70 ; and East Lancashire 19. There has been very little change in the other lines, but North-Western and South-Western are rather flat. ONE CLOSING PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. PItICE:I 4 . Bank Stock 206 206 3 per Cent. Reduced Anns 93%% 93 5 / 8 3 per Cent. Consols Annuities 94 3A %, 94 5 8 New 3 1 / 4 per Cent. Annuities 95 %%% 95 1 / 2 Long Annuities toexpire Jan.lB6o 938 15-16 9 15-16 Ditto 30 years, Oct. 10,1839 ... 9% 9% Ditto 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860.... 10 1 / 8 1-16 10 1-16 India Stock 9 56 258 258 India Bonds, 1,0001.. ....... ..... .. Ditto under 1,0001. .. ...... ....... 23 South Sea Stock — Ditto New Annuities ... 9 4 11/ 94 1 % Consols for Account 9-1 % 34 94 3 Exchequer Bills, 10001. 1 1 / (1. ... 912 p 12 p I itto, 500/ - p 12 p Ditto, Small CLOSING PItICES ONE earcEs OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846 — Ditto, Account . 21% 21 Portuguese Bonds, 4 per Cent .. 36% Ditto Account Russian Bonds ............ ...- Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840. Ditt0,257.4 iv id e n Passiveds on the above B u p a s y;_a ,c b E l s e7i u D L O o N n E do n. CLOSING Ditto,p Account 25% Dutch, 2% per Cent • AT ONE S9 O'CLOCK. PRICES. S9 PRICES or LIAILWAY SHARES Aberdeen Amber.. Nott., Boston, and Eastern Junction 2%..... 2 5 / 8 14 2 3 /4 Armagh, Coleraine, and Portrush l% - Belfast & County Down 4 3 / 4 ..... . Birmingham and Dudley 42i. ... .. 5% p 5 7% P Birmin. and Gleucester.. 100 Ditto New ............... 17% , •••• •••• ..... liirmingliam and Ox ford Junction ......... 2 Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junc.-• 2 % Boston, Statnfd, & Birm. 225. par 1 4 p l' A P Bristol and Exeter ..... 75, Ditto, New .......... 5 !3ristol and Gloucester.. 30 Briatol and Liver. June.. 2 1 / 2 ...... ...... 13uckingbamshire ......8 1 . 14 dis 4 dis. Caledonian ............... 25 • Ditto Hall Shares...... 214. ••• ...... Cambrian & Grand June 42s ...... Chester and Holyhead... 27 q 2 5 1 /3 25% Churnet and 81ythe...... 2 . ••• .......... . Chester and Manchester 425. ••• -- Clielteithatn and Oxford 2 ...... , — Clydesdale Junction.. ... 20 .. Cork, Blackrock, and Passages Cork and Killarney ... 21,4 _ Cork and Waterford ... 11, 6 Cornwall .................. Ditto, Half Shares ... 2 1 / 2 ...... % Cornwall & Cont'l Devon 2% — ... 5 /8 Direct Lincoln, East net ford,and Shelia. Jimc• 2 5 Direct. Northern ......... 2 .. ........ . Direct Norwich ........... 1 Dublin and BelfastJunc. 121/2 — . Dublin, Belfast, and DDE auuColeraine u nGlit Galway... n e l w s n i a s y k Il 1 . 1 c;n: 11204: .. 22%2 .............................. . = _ 23 Ditto New l2/. 16s 7% P Ditto Perpetual, 5 per p Cent, No. 1....... 61. 13s. 4d... Ditto ditto. No. 2... 61. 13s. 4d... % p... Do., York Extension.. 2 ...... 3 ,7 ,04 3:A EastDerelern andNor'eh 1 Eastern Union Ditto, Quarter Shares 8 3 z4 x larwich) 1 ti; - Do. E eri.(l Do., Camb. and Ely.. VA."... East Lancashire Ditto, New Do., do. (late Preston and Ornaskirk)..... 21 /! ***** 41•11 — East Lincolnshire East & \Vest of England 1%...... Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 ...... 75 3 / 75 ...... Ditto Half Shares ... 10 Ditto, Quarter Shares 12% •••••• Edinburgh & Northern.. 12 1 / 2 154... ......... ... 15 1 4 Edinburgh and Perth._ 3 Ely and Huntingdon ... 121 ~...,. 12% 13% Enniskillen and Sligo ... 21/ - Exeter,Yeovil,& Dorset 5 1 4 Glasgow, Kilmar.,&Ayr 50 .... Ditto, New Do., 14 Shares (5 per cent. guar.) ... ..... 12 1 / 2 ...... Glouc.,Abei ystwith, an d Central of Wales ....•• 1%.....• — -• Goole, Doncaster, &c... 425. — Grand Union (Notting- Gr a e n a d t E L as Yl t l e n rn &Western 2 1 % % ...... -- .. ...... •—•— ••• •• GreatGrimsby and Shef field Great South. and West. (Ireland) Great Munster 2% .... Great North of Scotland 21 / 4..... ......... 235 Great North of England..loo .235 Ditto New Ditto, New . .. — . Ditto, New 129 Great Western B5 129 Ditto 16 Shares .. 50 Ditto 1 4 Shares lO ...... Ditto Fifths Ditto, New .. .. 2 Huddersfield & Manches. 13 ...... Ditto, Extension ...... 3 ...... 4% Hull and Selby 5O ..... Ditto 14 Shares Do. Half Shares 25 ...... ........... 12 1 / 2 Ipswich & Bury St. Edm. 11%...... 12% ............ ... ..... Do., do., and Norwich 2% ...... —.— ........... 70 Lancaster and Carlisle 5O ...... 68 1 A 70 ......... Jo: New Leeds and Bradford 3O —• and a C ß a i r rm lisl i e n g h a m Leicester and Bedford 223. ...... ............ Leicester Leeds 2 2 2 s 5 /€ . 3 ........ ..: 7-3/ 4 . .. . .............. .. .: : : 7.L. 5: Leeds, Dewsbury, &c.... 22 1 ,4 35 31 . Do., Branch (Blue) ... Do. Extension( Green) 2 %...,. Leeds and Thirsk 17% — Ditto, New Lpool., Mnchstr &New castle Junction Liverpool and Bury L ndon and Blackwall. 161. 138.4. d. 8M Do. New Ditto Extension 7%...... London, Brighton, and South Coast 50 Ditto, Fifths Do. Garant. 5 per et. 9 --_ 104 4% London andGreenivich 12/ 15s4d Do. Preference ...18117s 2d London, Hounslow, and Western London and N. Westernloo 195 193%......••• 193% Do. Quarters Do., do., New Shares.. 2 Ditto Fifths -.,.... .... 2 ... Do., Nevt 1 ,4 Shares (G. J.) Do 40/. Shares (L. M. ) 8 Lond. & S Western 411 6s 10d 63 Do. New Consol. Bths 40 Do. New Do. New ...ondon and York 2 14 Do. % Shares London and Windsor . 1,t,... . London, Salisbury, and 1% . .. .. . . _2%...... Londonderry& Coleraine\ 15 ...... ...... ......... . - - L6nclonderry and Ennis killen l5 Lynn and Ely ..... ...... 15 Lynn and Dereham :5 Manchester and Leeds... 82 l02. Ditto 1 4 Shares Do. Quarters Do. Fifths Do. Sixteenths 6 tA: — Do. Extension 425. Manchester and Birmin. 40 Do. Quarters (A) 5 ...... 12 1 ,E Do. Quarters (B) ... 5 Do. Quarters (C) 1 Man,thester,Buxton,and Matlock 42s. ...... 1 p Manchester Birm., and Mould Junction ....• Manchest. & Southampt. 2 Midland Do. Fifths 2 Do. New Ditto, New Do. Binn., and Derbyloo Midlnd& East. Counties 2% — Midland Great Western Irish Newcastle and Berwick 20 Do. North Shields .. ` ) 5 Newcastle and Carlisle...loo 112 Newmrket &Chesterfrd 5 NI awport & Abergavenny 2 1 / 2 ...... Newry and Enniskillen 7 46 3 / 4 53% Newark, Sheffield, and Boston Norfolk .. Do. Half Shares ..... 9 Do. Extension North British ..... 25 371/1%,. Do. Half Shards Do. Fifths 1p 12 1 /s 12 y 8 30 6% 6 1 ,4 37% 16 Do. Quarters Do. Extension Northern and Eastern... 50 Do. Scrip (issd. 5 dis.) 45 Do. Quarter Shares... 12 1 / 2 Do. New - ...... •••• •• a "'' North Staffordshire 42s. ..—.• 3% 3 / 4 p &V2 p North Wales _ .. . Northern and Southern ConnQcting Northampton, Banbury, and Cheltenham Oxford, NV oreet,ttr, and Wolverhampton _ _ Oxford, Witiley, and Cheltenham.... Portsmouth Direct 3% — Preston and Wyre Do. 1 / e Shares ..... .... 414 — Reading, Guildford, and Reigate . 3/. 123. — dis. Richmond Royston and Hitchen ... 1% — Scottish Central Scottish Midland l 2 l / 2. — .. ... Sheffield, Buxton, Leek Potteries, andCrewe l% hetlield Si Manchester 100 Do. Quarter Shares... 8 34% Do. Lincolnshire June. 1 1 / 1 — Do. & Great Grimsby. 10 Do. do. Extension 425. Shrewsbury and Birm... 3 .... Shropshire Union Shrews., Wolverhamp., &S. Staffordsh. June. 2 1 / •. •• .• Sligo and Shannon l% South Devon 35 South & Midlands Jane. 42s 42s South StatfordshireJunc. 2 1 /2 3% south Eastern & Dover. 33% — Do., No. 1 20 Do., No. 2. Do., No. 3 - ..... •••• •••• Do., No. 4 St.Alban's, Hatfield,and Hertford Junction ... 425. — ........ •..•• Staines and Richmond... 1 Staffordsh. & Shropshire 2 3 / — South Wales . . 5 Swans. & Loughor &Ca meron's Stm. Coal. ... 2 Taw Vale Extension ... 2 Tri lig, Reading, and Basingstoke Vale of Neath 2 Wakefield, Pontefract. & Goole 2 2 1 /2 ••• - Warwickshire & London 425. Warwick and Worcester 425. ~... Waterford and Kilkenny 11 . .... Waterford and Limerick 22 1 A — ••• Waterfd,Wxfrd,Wicklw, and Dublin W at erford, Wexford, and V alentia Waveney Valley ... 2 Welsh Midland West Riding Union ...••• 425. I:W /g p... . West Cornwall — WestLondon,Old Shares 20 Wexford and Carlow ... 2 1 / 2 Wilts, Somerset, & Wey mouth Worcester, Warwick, and Rugby York and Carlisle 2% —•---•• . ..... York and Newcastle. . 25 Ditto New 5 ...... 12% . ........ Do. Preference York and North Midland 50 Ditto % Shares.-- ... 25 Do. Selby Do. Extension Ditto, Preference Do. East and NVest Rid ing Extension FOREIGN RAILWAYS. Anglo• Belgian 4 — Barbadoes 1 ...... Belgian Eastern Junctn 2l /2 Boulogne and Amiens... 16 ... .. Bordeaux & Mediterran. 2 Bordeaux,Toulouse, and Cette (Mackenzie's)... 2 ..... ___ Do. (Espelete's) Calais, Dunkrk, and West Flanders Calcutta and Diamond Harbour Callao, Lima, and Pacific Coast. 1 ..... ..• •. eeeeeeeee Central of Spain ... .... 2 Ceylon Demerara 2 l /2 Dendre Valley Direct Bombay and Madras Dutch Rhenish East Indian ... ss. Fampoux & Hazebroak 4 Great Indian Peninsular ss. Great Western Bengal... ss. Great West ern Canada... 3 ...... Italian and Austrian. ... 4 ... Jamaica S.Mid. Junction 1 336 3% 3 1 / 2 37% 12 1 ,4 6% 92 13.4 4% - IN - 3/4 Jersey Louvam ala Sambre ... 6 ... . ... Luxembourg Lyons and Avignon 2 — gad ras Madras, Netiore, and Arcot % Madrid and Valentia.... 2 ... — Mzuritius .. Namur and Liege Nn of France Constituted 5 .....„ 9% 10 1 ,4 North Jamaica... ...... ... 1 Orleans and Vierzon ... 10 ...... 12 1 4 l 2 l /2 Orleans and Bordeaux... 6 ...... 7% ... ..... . Over Yssel 4135 4d ...... Paris &Ly-ons Constituted 5 Paris and Orleans 2O Paris and Rouen Paris and Strasbourg Constituted ............ 5 Rouen and Havre ...... 20 Samba - :3 and Meuse...... 10 .... 4% Strasbourg and Bale ... 14 St. Laurence & Atlantic — Tours and. Nantes Con stituted ... ..... -..... 5 Tournay, Jurbise, Lan den, and Hasselt....... 8 Trinidad - •••• West Flanders ...... .... 6 JOINT STOCK BANKS. ...... 2% 4% Australasia British North American 5 0 Commercial of London 20 London Joint Stock lO Union of London lO MD Real del Monte Unregd —: 15 ......... .... . 15 , IES. 3 3 4 3 34 ist, read Northern and Eastern Erratum.—ln yesterday's Li New Shares blank, instead of 2 COURSE OF EXCIJA: Amsterdam ....C.F. 12 5 Ditto, at sight...... 12 2 Rotterdam •• 2U. 12 5% Antwerp.............. 26 0 ILunburgh .... • .31.8. 13 12% Paris, 3 days' sight .... 25 70 Ditto, 3 months . . 25 95 Marseilles • ........... 26 0 Bourdeaux.... ..... 26 0 Frankfort on Maine.... 121►% Petersburgh, 3 Us • • Berlin ...... Vienna, effec.f10...... 10 7 Trieste, ditt0.......... 10 7 Madrid .. .. •.• . .. 3 5 Cadiz .. •.. : 8i1ba0.... • • .. • • .• •• • • Barcelona SOYille...•.••••••••••• NGE.--(YESTERDAY.) Gibraltar .. ... • • • • • Leghorn 30 55 Genoa .. .. 26 Venice.. Naples .............. 40 Palermo, per oz.. Lisbon ........ 52 1 4 Oporto .... 52 Rio Janeiro Bahia ...... • • Buenos Ayres .. ••. • • • New York, 21 days' sight Philadelphia ..... • ... PRICES OF BULLION, PEE 01. Foreign Gold in bars 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 0 0 New Dollars ...... 0 4 Spanish Doubloons .. 0 0 0 Sllyer WWI •• •• •• 0 THE SUN ! LON DON, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 25, 1846. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albett took their accustomed early walk yesterday, in the gardens and pleasure grounds of Osborne House. His Royal Highness Prince Albert afterwards rode out on horseback. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, rode out on ponies yesterday. Her Royal Highness the Princess Helena was also taken an airing. Mr. Marjoribanks, Mr. W. Ewart, and a deputation of the College of Preceptors, had an interview with Lord John Russell yesterday at his official residence in Downing -street. Mr. Arthur Crooke, from Liverpool, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday at his official residence in Downing-street, and presented a memorial respecting sugar. Mr. Gregory had an interview with Earl Grey yester day at the Colonial -office. The Bishop of London had an interview yesterday with Lord John Russell. Mr. Warburton had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Rev. W. A. Soames, Vicar, Mr. E. W. James, Vestry Clerk, and two other inhabitants of the parish of Greenwich, had an interview uilh Sir George Grey yesterday at the Home-office. The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Lady Mary Wood had a dinner party yesterday at their residence in Eaton-square. _ . Lady John Russell bad an evening party yesterday at her reAdence in Chesham-place. The Duke of Wellington left town yesterday for his seat Strathfieldsaye, Hants. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial-office for the Governor of Ceylon. POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. Schonbein's powder cotton and other explosives have formed the subject of Dr. Ryan's lecture this week. The Doctor, first of all, explained that all explosives might be classed under four heads. First, those whose power depended merely on sudden expansion, as steam of high pressure—liquid carbonic acid and compressed air. Secondly, those whose power depends upon the sudden separation of elements which had been held together by a very feeble affinity, such as iodide of nitrogen and chloride of nitrogen. The latter compound, the Doctor explained, was composed of two elements, which in their separate condition were gaseous, but under the influence of che mical attraction became liquid. The moment, however, that the affinity is overcome an explosion occurs, owing to the return of the chlorine and nitrogen to their original condition. Thirdly, those whose explosive action depends upon the sudden chemical union of certain elements which previously had only been in a state of mere mechanical mixture, such as the explosion of the two gases oxygen and hydrogen by the electric spark. Fourthly, such as on ignition suffered decomposition, and formed consequently new and distinct compounds. To this class belongs gunpowder, the fulminates, the carbazotes, and the powder cotton. In speaking of the latter substance, Dr. Ryan lamented that he was so placed as to be unable, without a breach of confidence, to communicate the precise secret of Schonbein's mode of preparation. However, he entered into a clear statement of the peculiar action of nitric acid upon vegetable fibre, giving numerous instances of the observance of facts, apparently not important in them selves, which had evidently led to Schonbein's disco very. Among the most pleasing of the Doctor's experi ments were those in which he produced explosive pre cipitates, by pouring into water the solution in nitric acid of starch, cotton, linen, sawdust, &c. The pre cipitate from the first he showed to be xilordine of Bracconnot and of Pelouze, and the nitramidine of Dumas. He also showed most clearly that, although the precipitates thrown down from cotton and linen re semble in its general character that produced from starch, yet there existed some slight molecular differ ence, such as may exist between starch and sugar; for the cotton precipitate was not soluble in acetic acid while the starch precipitate was. The Doctor proposed that, as Dumas had called the one nitramidine, the other should be called nitrolignine. The Doctor principally confined his experiments on the cotton to such as showed its easy inflammability, its explosion without smoke, and its consequent value in mining operations. On the table we noticed the gun which had been burst in Mr. Lancaster's hands, while firing a charge of 83 grains. The effect on the metal was, certainly, most curious. A FEASIBLE PLAN TO FLOAT THE GREAT BRITAIN. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—By the following plan I would engage to float the Great Britain, with the aid of a spring-tide and a moderate sea, at a comparatively small expense. I would give orders for about 3,000 square yards of air-proof or India rudder sail-cloth, made into forty eight bags, each measuring about twenty feet by twelve, divided into compartments in order to increase their strength. To each of these bags I would fasten (in the process of manufacture) cords, twelve inches apart all round the edge, with loose ends about eighteen inches long, about -the size of a man's thumb. Having prepared these forty-eight air-tight bags, each with a flexible tube at the upper end, to reach the deck, and communicate with the interior of the bags. I would transport them from the manufactory to the ship. The whole bulk, I calculate would be equal to about one of the vats referred to by your correspondent, yesterday. Being so far ready, my attention would be next directed to secure tuem to the sides of the ship, keeping them as low down as possible ; to accomplish which, I would excavate the sand as near her stern-post as possible, and pass a rod or bodkin to the other side, drawing through first a cord, and afterwards a cable long enough to pass under the ship, and reach the deck on both sides, and be secured there. This done, I would, if possible, con tinue this process every twelve feet (the width of each bag), until I had prepared a space between each cable for my twenty-lour brgs, on each side. To steady which, and to afford the means of securing my bags to her sides, I would securely fasten spars hori zontally, twelve or twenty-four feet long, as low down as possible to the before• mentioned cables. Thus far pre pared, having all the bags in readiness, and machinery on board to inflate them with atmospheric air (gas would do better, and it might be niadeon board if all the coal is not removed), I commence at the proper time the fastening the bags to the ship's sides, by means of the upright cables, horizontal spars, and the short ropes, wove into the bags, in the way before mentioned, leaving sufficient slack for expansion, and no more. The weather being favourable, I consider my bags safe, but in any event, such as the bursting of ono or more compart ments in the bags, the difference would be perfectly immaterial, each being independent of the other. I esti mate the cost of the bags at 7501. (mind, I am not in the India rubber trade), and when they have performed their work, and the iron monster is safe in harbour, they would realise nearly the cost price, for by reducieg them to the proper sizes, they would . make excellent mat tresses for either sea or land, and in any great emer gency, would be available as life preservers. I have full confidence in the success of the plan, and should be happy to undertake the superintendence of it for the pro prietors. C. R. C. Greenwich, Nov. 20, 1846. NEW ZEALAND.—In our last we gave some rather important extracts from the Auckland papers to the 11th ult., which came to hand by the Terror on Mon day. We received, on Tuesday, by the overland mail from Port Philip (we suppose) Nelson papers to the 14th of March, conveyed there by the Augustus, which arrived at Melbourne on the 27th ult., having sailed from Nelson on the 19th of March. The news from the Hutt, received at Nelson, looks ominous, more espe cially when we consider the rumour which had reached as far north as Auckland prior to the Terror's depar ture. Without farther comment, we lay the following extract before our readers. It is taken from the IVeLon Examiner of the 14th of March:—" A whale-boat from Cloudy Bay, arrived here on Tuesday, bringing a ru mour of the commencement of Hostilities in the Hutt. The story is, that a newspaper, brought across the Straits from Porirua to Toms' station, at Teawaiti, stated that the natives on the llutt had refused to leave, and had burnt down 14 houses belonging to the settlers. The Governor, who had arrived with the Driver, Cal liope, the Castor, the Slains Castle transports, and 500 troops, had gone to the Hutt with a large force, and it was believed that fighting had commenced, though the results were not known in Wellington when th, paper went to press. All communication with the Wairarapa had been cut off by the natives. The Governor had proclaimed the country between Pakakariki, near Wai kanai, and Cape Palliser, under martial law. The same newspaper is reported to state that the Gevernor will leave 200 troops in Nelson, and the same number at New Plymouth. We cannot vouch for the truth of these statements, but as the story is perfectly consistent, we see no reason to doubt it."—Cerneen, July 22. The Right Hon. Sir Brook Taylor, G.C.H., P.C., her Majesty's late Minister at Munich, formerly of Glou cester Lodge, Regent's Park, executed his will in February last, which has been proved in London by his nephews, William Deedes and William Brook Nothey, Esqrs. The personality in this country was valued at 16,000/ He has left pecuniary legacies to his nephews, nieces, and other of his relations, to the amount of nearly 10,0001., as well as specific bequests to most of them, and to others of his friends and acquaintances, among whom is his brother-in-law, Lord Skelmersdale, and Sir Henry Watkins William Wynn, to whom he has left one of his portfolios. To Sir George Hamilton Seymour his star and collarof the Hanoverian Guelphic Order—the riband and badge to be returned to the King of Hanover, through the hands of his Minister in London. To his nephew, Herbert Taylor, all his family portraits, and Henry VIII. chair. To the poor of the parishes of Patrixbourne and Bridge, Kent, 100/. Liberal legacies to his servants and to some old servants annuities. His books, pictures, plate, furniture, and other property, ex cept his collection of drawings and engravings, are to be sold, and the proceeds equally to be divided amongst his nephews, Herbert, Brook, Bridges, and W ilbraham Tay lor, beyond the other legacies they may have given to them in the will. Directs that all his papers, official and private, shall be destroyed. PRESENTATION OF A PURSE TO THE PRINCE OF WALES.—Mrs. Fead, the lady of Colonel Fead, C. 8., late of the Grenadier Guards, who resides near Black heath, presented his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, on his birthday, with a most magnificent and unique purse, worked with her own hands. Her Majesty has most graciously acknowledged the present, and con descended, in the name of the Prince, to accept the same. THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. Yesterday work men were engaged laying down the electric telegraph from the Nine Elms along the footway on the west side of Lambeth-place, Kennington. About fire o'clock, p.M., its efficier.cy was tried, nearly opposite Vernon Chapel, when it was found in good workieg order to that point. The wires are placed in hollow hempen ropes, well tarred, which are again secared in strong metal tubes, which are sunk about two feet from the stirface. HON -Lir,. TO THE RIGHT HON. LORD JOKE R USSELL, M.P. DIY LORD,—The sensible and well-timed rero s aripe 'es which the Editor of The Sun has made upon Mr. S cro letters to your Lordship re nder it unnecessary to rePli to them, but I wish to adv ert to another topic, clearly. proving that Mr. Scrope does not understand the real evil wliich presses upon t he p o p ulation of the sister kingdom: it is this, that Gentleman last session intro ducedin a Bill proposing to reclaim the %caste lands Ire land, by dividing the . in io farms of not more than 100, or less than 10 acres. Why the great evil which afflicts Ireland is the smallness of the fartns—out of about 750,000 more than half are under 10 acres in extent, and above than 300,000 are under 5 acres! Novi, 111 _ every countty, and in every district, where small faro)! are the rule and not the exception, periodical distre.s3 does and must occur. The experiments in H o i l h l a nds, and, !El Belgium, the situation o f the crofters in the Hg plea.' an d of the peasantry ears in Ireland, pro ve that th e same our always produces similar results. In yof produce is so cheap that rents are with difficulty pat and are often in arrear ; in years of scarcity the wh?'!, crop is barely sufficient to provide the tenant and D 4 family with the means of existence. Can it be a OU!, of surprise that such a population is at continual 'OP with the landlord and his agents? The inevitable consequence of such a number of sail possessions is, that there is no such class as the agic6.o tural labourer, and the reason is obvious, there I . ' l . l regular demand for his services. A glance at the act; position of one of these five-acre farmers is quite 5° 4 cient to account for the Agrarian crimes which obetird. in Ireland—tske the case of a man with a factilY 11° . ho ing five acres, and surrounded by a populati himselfil.oa circumstances—his crop is sown, and both 7/0 family desire employment, who is to furnish it? P,, neighbours are also looking for work —none coll.:, found, and then may be seen lounging by the ditch eIT., doing nothing, because there is nothing to do, the leA man who, if he were removed to Londen or toLlYerPri or to any English or Scotch agricultural district, wu;o make a most industrious labourer, and one a ePe ak o of considerable personal experience) far more desiro se , task work than either Englishman or Scotchnlea s o maining at home, the man becomes an idler, and prom' furnishes! another example of the truth of the 0 :• That the idle man tempts the Devil." idis rent assassin ‘i escapes by •nto arrear—a process is served —he is about t? bid l evicted, certain ruin stares him in the face, ll: th e landlord or the agent is murdered in nadat 11,_019, • o know not bow soon their arrears may. l3 l dePlall ot t° . Assuredly this is not the time to recrunmate,e _4, inquire how it has happened that landlords havi;er, the connivance of his netgheuded. taro u ted h such a state of things to exist ? - The fact rid of t at they are now sincerely desirous of gettioblgber the o evil of small farms. If actuated by 0 ° re ntals mtive, Ir'sh landlords now perceive that their _ tbio meatuhrearns.d Dysart—Arcades although nominally larger, is in reality naueh les s . o ble it ten would be if their property was held by a res d Pee nst rioge labourers. 3', whose farms were cultivated by ill,. w o w In s i a tn r e t_ ss Atrhceadlaesmae:itbaot_ionsoroiefs MI:: s , r u b p e e y r . .• T • b °tb ' forsooth, require the Government to remove t. 7 ). w ell! abundant fromother r words, they, or their forefathers, haillitcooo from tahse population, and then they say all will "" e iler b in e e e v n ita s i l e , e th o e h y se n q o u w enc d e e s ra u a f cau po itical or pecuniary motives, induced the, ic h the la l ud h excessive population, by the manner in ei;erepted n s cl uc t h ° e be e nclu re ct iart el propose ena that all the evil shall be borne by their r ..re d 14 a ll Wry' T hi s is impossible! Evil must be e lla r u ti clene e t but li h arties who have been guilty a such iluerdjot e greatest share must be borno by the la u „ ht th e he was salutar the most imprudent, and he roust be ta'l,oo rule, that " property has its duties.ees o d the its righ y ts r • and that the first of these dull 1 00 who first burthen f ho upon land, is the subsistence 0 I' m have been bred upon the soil. !t o ar, Let I • will Irish landlords act upon this prinelP„',,itblo,- yet be well, for the Government then wi l l , ' o sist w approbation et. of the entire community, cheer he 014 ,,,,1' getting gof into a better state. The best, li n ot t ale P ,h l effecting this desirable end, is to make test ofwje ation e of the agricultural labourer better than o rk occu • time, of one of these small possessions 6 00 tilj ia tmlay bebut ai most assuredly not of diflicultf• f • ow ccomplished shall be the subjee" letter. the f°trt Bearing my humble tribute of admiration to , in oo nor your Lordship's trying emergency, I have the honour to remain, an Vi. Your Lordship's most obedien t server $' si3toe F auml a o : s nN:liChpltsialionetd.oatnhal L ord J. 1.4--..2 0dm . Ifeekgs eetbiel \ I esVri have c n it i g a h cattle, generally comprising rl and two and three head of horned cattle, bar t ~,bia, ' c fo a r us s e u d ch g a r n ea i t nfi su u r x pr fr is o has taken place in them this week to an es ° oo pre ot e.; emtothatht those e ta w rt h er o ; v7113:5-te rael‘ erf*Pi a; rald having brought, in addition to B ° l33 ,,: t batil i tabis lirfeirOtbmwhr:PtuaPegnnsh;tttorfulfle,lectibe i.;lollficiebaser°ll live plants and vegetables„ and a rs, un- nt herr ee lfe.' large cargo of French silks, wines, anu,„ - „ i hs, i d 0 - merchandise, 20 heifers, 51 sheep, 2 2 '''' - it Wa tl ialoir and 17 cows, the production of France . d ay to a nti pear from this, that France is destined aPe,e.,"isortsl4er. in the wake of Denmark, the Hanses`l) so 8- s oa Rolland, already, the latter more particular . 4 „g0n 51 ,0 sively concerned in the supply of such Pr i :i 0 0 16 10* c o o f rr w ec h t at o p m in a i y on be a p s e e r x to o e c r:h te a d l if this unexpected increase in the suPP'Y " be take ll f r ola ticularly of the larger description,_ i 5 t° o k Pi flee l I D other of the continental stat p es, it W 00 1,„" -- y har e e t° o o ; nw to oeti rT earb_ e efe d : iffi tuil e er o o,_ lo. o, cord at no very distant i sents itself in this particular arrival, fis" ° l t : stegit 'Sl e i ti r distinct branch of business is opened for wh ich t o ol trading between London and Boulogne ,-I 'o l ' - so . pr e some measure compensate them for o ft be o fthe„ of their passenger traffic, owing to many of the Pjuti' ferring to avail themselves, by means of the ' feOr the more direct route to the continent. lot il e fliCj 4 FOSSIL REMAINS.—On Saturday - 5 0 ,v 1 Owen (the British Cuvier) and Professor,,,, F51,,i. Woodwardian . Professor of Geology, ceatbriptt7r; visit to the Dean of Ely, with whom having 01 .- AA 0 ' fp- f they proceeded to the residence of Mesaf_s*, s it re .0 and Squib, to inspect their collections or If s ori aar ee sb which have been greatly added to since t ll % an° t jao chraiztaerrdio: the railway commenced in this neighbourhuiVtioos,bisb was the immense variety in the different CO a fter °se. four hours were occupi e d in the inspect i° ; .,of 08 I, 0 1 they proceeded to Haddenham, the residene.o et ial e afr Mr. Banks, to inspect the vertebrae, ni oB ,, tY :uP L.i 0 0 a plesiosaurus, which has recently been It, por•, -4) ijefs worth, and with it were found considerfw o to " - er lier ribs and phalanges, and there is e verY l , etls :f a rt ge s e vedj that, had it been known to Mr. Bas' he e aPr e i. i t O; period, the entire skeleton might have h — ni t 1. 0 ,," bong, but sufficient has been discovered to si e al• ,---9, pubs: have belonged to an enormous-sised„ s lion //`",,,, 28 ',.; the remarkable specimens in the co„" o - inche s "„ d e ' llea jui bone of a plesiosaurus, measuring ".., - n e 22 ,'",b" 0 5a, 11 . 2 paddle bone, not quite perfect, meass',--eles of ~- -1 1b rfar 9; as well as several bones of a small s l3- : - ,b • --• 11 " . rian tribe, the teleosaurus, rarely met W'" 018 Chronicle. A iA t,f prr, We read in a letter from Riga o f ` li r e 0 b l 'ig tfw corn harvest in Courland, where vvhcat_ap,_*- e . Ip s. ;"re duce, has been this year under the Os' "to t''' fiar Ao t h e ~ be s • uffietent for the home consumpt l ° - ' l , Rigt l / 4 ,., r che7, f vinees which have communications w",'„,,t. -r"" vest has been good, particularly in w, '7 20f. prig of wheat have been made in Courland s". i t th f lOe' hectolitre, but the merchants of Rig's th 1 , 13 0 ,_ is 4 . to te too high, and expect a fall. The export.a tisoreigowhio per last, or 33 hectolitres : the freight,.. ll/ 00 f s pe r toms is 2f. 50c. per hectolitre, for the uce o.c. sa alooo must be added 21f. per last for loadinp;re'm rt;,o!. cent. for commission, brokerage, eze.' aual er f W . the 2d, we have the following ;_.-., The a . r i i th at o t o wheat in Sicily is 5,600,000 hectolitres, 1 113 ,...p fi d i ll of ley 2,750,000. The price of wheat for '''', 7 f.2e.s de 15 ' ~g 1 A parts from which exports can be 01 hectolitre, and that of barley 12f. 64c. s •Av. •cr oil. e Die , ROYAL ARTILLERY, WOOLWIGIII . stin g 01 OP few weeks since a Court of Inquiry, el li ii s roso ll j o die tenant Colonels Wells, Rowland, an d in to ter o eo Major Cator, was appointed to inquire __ b oal 11,0 crepancies in the charges made for regur o se i - t be saries with various battalions, amounting '1,, e 0 tbtigta. to as much as 33 per cent. The result has 1,, toe at' s to at r ~0. Court has declared the present charge .. n ose 0 0 and has recommended that the system 1 ,,,." . ,., to „el sued, of allowing non-commissioned ole_u t ` o "i e o ollTaes contracts, be discontinued, and that in r s eee ral A p o shall be thrown open to the public in ghat for te w bioll serves to be mentioned, that a sYst ein re ti, bi o f r e time prevailed, highly injurious CO the ha bit 0 far some of the subordinates have been in w trac testn r . l t ioaitl ceiving a heavy per tentage from the te ,Idl_ , _ A 0 1 goods supplied to the corps, which has ir; eo sife r ,r e a at impositions, so that knapsacks have e 1" now suPP . 10s. 3d., equal in every respect to thos n f r om 5 15s. 6d. . , f pOtAt °B 0 01 1 / FOREIGN POTATOES.----The arrivals 0 b ore ~ ba week , • b wi n ba the continent of Europe, during the e w ale _„t s prised the following, the enumeration °f the e te; : „... interesting and of importance, as sholle ' re sent ti b i l loa f which their importation is carried at t P o br ag 0 00, The Magnet steam ship, from HarlingLla gotte,.l3oo, packages, and the Ocean steam ship, IP, . t he 7, 00 0 H o lism& . 36 ' • eight packages, the produce of o___rigag J ess Josephine, from Boulogne, a cargo c I ,u K 0 s ac I b d e o ff weight, the growth of France ; the om J" prising t f Pr foom Dunkirk, an entire cargo, , c a w prodU CC i ° o peeL . large quantity of 120 tons' wvigur , i ette rdaui , ' of mandy ; the Sir Robert Peel, from It from Doologrloti, ages of Dutch produce ; the Aid, tje pro dtle i r eo gea large quantity of 60 tons' weig ht ' ciam foal' 1 ;0 01 France • the Rainbow, from Rotter . , I no r „ al oe ' Or ' 0 of Dutch ' produce ; and the steam "I : F P r oce• s bar ai . Boulogne, 36 sacks, the produce 01 and Norrna n n t eh° arritals, the supplies from France sand iroporrsotiveli been of an increasingly extensive , A c oIIVI/ Ate fir o' ar tiel' racter ; those from Holland b ei n g __ p trilling description, and calling for no , a i lt r.,,„—ri'' boo isi • r " mark. h inst., a W. • - LEITH.—On Friday, the 20t E. E, to _ oe n the wind sudc:enly veered round f r o s m in ri ct , sloop %Of eoos and blew a storm. At midnight a , , e ' b i a be et: B 0 ye $ sinking almost instantaneously. 0" laden 01. sight fi ve 1 1 from 25 to 35 tons, but whether mast is four or.er is oft, unknown. At low water, her 9r, . t high r ya boo above the surface of the water ; v ri ,7 00 ,resotta,n ill boot be invisible, and consequently ery,,. zyrceit eat a and ships, especially the fornie_r:e, o • l o °;'g o attn a 3 o u r 001 1 0 j 1 ; eastern part of Leith Road, IN Is the we stvi t, r d lals i l. l aur half a cable's length open to . L . Croulo.-s ,det w;001.. Leith Ste( ple, and the south end 0 ' Nothing ha b u t v i e,ivz a line with Dahneny House. of of the ere %) he r th° pined regarding the reservationp letters C. ft. prised o f _ the worst. The vessel had the instantly 0p_0,0,4 The authorities at Leith were t ror of To, too . tide surve., . _.... calamity by Mr. Vedder, laced over the To order that a buoy might be p - & r e mit/. • COlokni am ' 4 safety of shipping. The lii; '