The Sun. — London, England, 1846-08-13 00:00:00

.k.IIERICAN NEW z). 4 RRIVAL T CAMBRIA. , and of the confusion and conflict of national jurisdiction, dangerous to the cherished peace and good understanding of the two countries. " With a view, therefore, that steps be taken for the abro gation of the said convention of the 6th of August, 1827, in the mode prescribed in its second article, and that the atten tion of. the Government of both countries may be the more earnestly directed to the adoption of all proper measures for a speedy and amicable adjustment of the differences and dis putes in regard to the said territory : "' Resolved by the Senate and house of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, that the President of the United States be, 'and he is hereby authorised, at his discretion, to give to the Government of Great Britain the notice required by the second article of the said convention of the 6th of August, 1827, for the abroga- (PROM OUR CORRESPONDENT.) LI tl p ia ,-„,. WEDNESDAY, FIALF-PAST FOUR. z t he Steam-ship Cambria, Captain Judkin ,-• s after to l44 „ a g e of ten days 'sixteen hours, arri ved here Mternoon bringing eighty - four passengers , the Canadian and United States mails, and papers fifteen Is later than those brought by the Fidelia. TLe rr• 19th na bernia, which sailed from Liverpool on the reached Boston on the Ist., in a twelve lalca'half-days' Passage; and the Great Britain ve d at New York in thirteen and a half days. - .4e ea r abrts. brings intelligence of the pass in g of ) 11 e ar iff Bills by a majority of One. t rha Ps the most important item of news brought he 11N C ambria is the passage in the Senate of the Tariff Bill, brought forward by the present Ad t4rniLstration, reducing very materially the W hi g 4 ; 1- of 18 42. The manufacturers of New England, gyi th e mining and smelting districts of Penn vania, made strenuous efforts to defeat the If ts , 0 1 4 " r e) and, indeed, all but succeeded in so hni n g ' as the Bill became the law by the g vote of Vice-President Dallas, who is lelf ret urne d b y a di s t r ict of Pennsylvania very ati ra ical to low duties upon iron or coal. As usual, any stirring question, a considerable debating W ere hi raee, and the speeches both fo r and a g ainst I °l l g and numerous. t • r • Webst e r spoke at great length a g ainst the % e ' and the question was taken on the 28th, and b, p /31 easure was carried by the casting vote of Mr. th:?; amended only by striking out a section from .'°4ll which had received the sanction of the Re pr_ "entatiVeS The Lower House subsequently con cb„ • -Le d in the amendment, so that the Bill was at last PAss e d. Mr. Haywood, from North Carolina, re , tilled his seat, in order not to be compelled to vote 14favour of the measure. °l The Wareh ous i ng Bill h a d no t passed the House do Sc Represe ntatives when the steamer left, bu t would lieusin in all. Probability. It provides for the ware- Zover n g t Z f all goods under similar regu l a tions which • b oni `"e Briti s h Customs, except that the period w e m g is limit e d t o a year. 1 ta ke the following account of the prog ress of the 4te n e6crotiation from the Philadelphia North American. fit e t' t " 'P l anation which follows was not considered sat:ass ita,„-°rY, for it is said that the editor of the paper, war rant'ediately taken into custody under a President 'ar r in asmuch breach of privilege: — t ,tasmuch as Sir Robert Peel has . laid before Parliament tr 4 .," 0 most important articles in the Convention • as its ,')l4. l) .3 , T have been incorrectly stated in several respectable ' M this country; as our Washington correspondent us more than a month ago with a complete t '' .. ti ° ';' 3 of the treaty and correspondence; as the Senate 'ltf l " 4 its assent to the contract, and as the ratification tie Atlantic British Government is now probably on its way . acr . oss ty, t tu under all these circumstances, and considering dq t -r oziety of the public to see the official facts, we have S e to lay all the papers that were submitted to the 4 ? bef ore our readers. Drea s ,?_,,lntnunicating this proposition, Mr. M'Lane says not erxe tevea".sto t the proposition as now submitted e. has ther, f "Y countenance. I have, it, f 6 :*e, felt it my duty to discourage the expectation that liet: t l' l be accepted by the President, or if submitted to the 44,te2 \pproved by that body.' tZ B aYs, further, that in his opinion, the offer now made bo consid ere d as an u lti ma t u m, and is not intended 1,4 ! free '0 Th t navigation of the Columbia, It will be seen, is * laTiv Le r 4 ,-Y: any express terms in the treaty , an d e q uall y so r Gt tlt e interpretation, as it strikes us on a hasty glance, language used. ( - w:III,EN - rim , ) TEE S TAIiES, t h , I4I:s:I FROM N . ? , i F o THE UNITED F ART OF TIRE 44111 ' 4 C ' rE s l " - i' r°' M Etir 'l ;' ° o ' lLl ' D . E A DJUSTMENT or THE 931 t -- ')N (thE TlOti. (June 10, 1846—read.) % , 4 ' TUE SENATE OP THE UNITED STATES. con. I, •a 'Eni n "efore the Senate a proposal in the form of a . ➢ % el- I ' P r esented to the Secretary of State on the 6th inst., -1 her e o v °Y Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary he stin Britannic Majesty, for the adjustment of the Oregon n;it this, together with a protocol of this proceeding. I sub 311est tf Pro p os al to the consideration of the Senate, and re it, xtiay )cir advice as to the action which, in their judgment, In theper to take in reference to it. of early Periods of the Government, the opinion and' Portant q th e ii - ' e uate were often taken in advance upon im teksitedfu --°l ' s of our forei policy. General Washington Il ee, to •Y,Fmisulted th e Senate, and asked their previous ad tho"uich alera s conformed his action. This prac ix'nieti u g h rarely reso y rted to in later times, was, in my Po,rt4,c...t,helninently wise, and may on occasions of great •,e properly revived. sad 111534,°,?riate.are a branch . of the treaty-making power, "Pnrt a -vusulting them in advance of his own action, upon 'gee C ut measures of foreign policy which may ultimately vefore them for consideration, the President secures Nil at ' att Y of action between that body anal himself. l and 1t ni t are moreover a branch of the e war-making opi w aY be eminently proper for the I lix r- e in cu a tive g tT ta ' ke the any of`on and advice of that body in advance upon eat of, question which may involve in its decision the issue t), peace or war. On the present occasion the magnitude of subject would induce me, under any circumstances, to l4_tre the previous advice of the Senate, and that desire is l eased by the recent debates and proceedings in Congress , j Z ot lu olt render it, in my judgment, not only respectful to the k t „la!e, but necessary and proper, if not indispensable ito n aarmonious action between that body and the In conferring on the Executive the authority to give Llllotice for the abrogation of the Convention of 1827, the ate acted publicly so large a part, that the decision on ,Prep „sal now made by the British Government, without to".',.efulite knowledge of the views of that body in reference dk a raight render the question still more complicated and Illde r J of adjustment. For these reasons I invite . the . con )terrZl°ll of the Senate to the proposal of the British Go illeir ent for the settlement of the Oregon question, and ask ~.ittivice on the subject. flai b u tY opinions and my action on the Oregon question were ~qz,,,loade known to Congress in my annual message of the December last, and the opinions therein expressed re -zmittlnehanged. I t tirear d the Senate, by the constitutional majority re f this r the ratification of treaties, advise the . acceptance ?e la m P r o Position, or advise it with such moditications as lea ra --- tY2Pon full deliberation deem proper, I shall con declines to their advice. Should the Senate, however, e ".,r to exj s uch constitutional majority to give such . advice, 'duty ‘ 4llt Y to s 8 an opinion on the subject, I shall consider my t p als Ject the offer. „'"‘ th e , o„"°mlnunicate herewith an extract from a dispatch ietat„ - Secretary of State to the Minister of the United I t i o r !ei s in a g t h L i ndo i - n,under the date of the 28th of April . last, * elt n ili gr vee z n accordance with the joint resolutions of th e e onceroin the Oregon territory,' to deliver the British Government for the abrogation of the t rans el l ti°o of August 6, 1827; and also a copy of . the notice Trot4raitted to him for that purpose, together with extracts beari ng data of at Minister to the Secretary of State , w g date the 18t th h of May last. ItBh ington, June 10, 1846. " JAMES K. POLK." tion of the same.' " Now, therefore, after a careful consideration of the pre mises, I, James K. Polk, President of the United States; in the exercise of the authority and discretion vested in me by the said joint resolution concerning the Oregon territory,' and in pursuance of the second article of the convention of 6th August, 1827, therein mentioned, do hereby, in behalf of the United States, give notice to her Majesty, the Qiteen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, that, at the end of twelve months from and after the delivery of these presents, by the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Pleni potentiary of the United States at London, to her Britannic Majesty, or to her Majesty's principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, the said convention shall be entirely annulled and abrogated. " In testimony whereof I have caused the seal of the United States to be hereunto affixed. Given under my hand at Washington, this twenty-eighth day of April, A.D. eighteen hundred and forty-six, and of the Indepen . deuce of the States the seventieth JAMES K. POLK. " By the President, " "James Buchanan, Secretary of State." navigation of the Columbia river should be granted for a pe riod sufficient to serve all the purposes of British subjects within the disputed territory, or whether the right should be extended indefinitely to a particular class of British subjects, I must believe that no English statesman in the face of his denial of a similar privilege to American citizens in regard to the St. Lawrence, would take the hazard, upon this point alone, of disturbing the peace of the world. Indeed, if the same Ministry from whom the present offer proceeds should cm tinue toasters of their own proposition by remaining in office until the qaalitication I am adverting to would have to be dealt 'with, I should feel entire confidence in the belief I have now expressed. I regret to say, however, that I have not the least expecta tion that a less reservation, if proposed in favour of the occupants of land between the Columbia and the 49th parallel, would be assented to. I may repeat my conviction, founded upon all the discussions in which I have been engaged here, that in making partition of the Oregon terri tory the protection of those interests which have grown up during the joint occupation is regarded as an indispensable obligation on the score of honour, and as one im possible to be neglected. I am quite sure that it was at one time in contemplation to insist upon the free na vigation of the Columbia river for ;British subjects and Bri tish commerce generally, and that it has been ultimately confined to the Hudson's Company after great resistance, and in the end most reluctantly. Being so confined, how ever, it would be only reasonable to limit the employment, of the right to a period beyond which the company might have no great object to use the river for the purposes of trade. But the interests of the British subjects who have settled upon and are occupying lands north of the 49th degree are considered as permanent, and entitled, when passing under a new jurisdiction, to have their possession secured. This, at -, least, is the view taken of the subject by this Government, and not at all likely, in my opinion, to be changed. I may add, too, that I have not the least reason to suppose it would be possible to obtain the extension of the 49th pa rallel to the sea, so as to give up the Southern Cape of Van couver's Island to the United States. It may not be amiss, before leaving this subject, to call your attention to the position of the present Ministry. The success of their measures respecting the proposed commercial relaxations is quite certain, and the Corn Bill, having now finally passed the House of Commons, may be expected at no remote day to pass the Lords by a majority no less decisive. From that time, however, the tie which has hitherto kept the Whig party in support of Sir Robert Peel, will be dis solved ; and the determination of the protectionist party, who suppose themselves to have been betrayed, to drive him from office, has lost none of its vigour or power. Indeed, it is confidently reported, in quarters entitled to great respect, that they have even offered to the leader of the Whig party to select his own time, and that when he is ready they will be no less prepared to force Ministers to resign. I have rea son:to know that at present Ministers themselves believe a change to be inevitable, and are considering only the mode and the time in which it will most likely happen. It will not be long after the success of the measures for the repeal of the corn-law before opportunities enough for the accomplishment of this object will occur. The Factory Bill, regulating the hours of labour, will afford one, and most probably that on which the change, sooner or later, must be unavoidable, and that the offer has been made to the probable head of a new Ministry to select his own time, may it not be expected that, instead of waiting quietly to allow the Whig leader to select the time of coming in, the present Minister will rather select his own time and mode of going out, said with his usual sagacity, so regulate his retire ment as to leave as few obstacles as possible to his restora tion to power ? In that case it is not very unlikely he would prefer going out upon the Factory Bill, before taking ground upon more important measures—and if so, it will not sur prise me to witness the coming in of a new Ministry at the end of June, or earlier. With a knowledge of the proposition now to be made, I am not prepared to say that one more ob jectionable might have been apprehended from a Whig Ministry, unless, indeed, the present Government may be supposed to be prepared to accept the qualifications, when proposed by the President, which it was unwilling at first to offer. Upon that supposition, it might be-desirable that the modificatious should be offered before the coming in of a new Minister, who, finding only the acts of his predecessors, with s out a knowledge of his intentions, might not be so ready to take the responsibility of assenting to a change. MR. WLANR TO MR. BUCHANAN.—(EKTR May 18, 1846. I received late in the day, on the 15th instant (Friday), your dispatch numbered 27, dated the 28th of April, 1846, transmitting a notice for the abrogation of the Convention cf the 6th of August, 1827, between the United States and Great Britain, in accordance with the terms prescribed in the second article, instructing me to deliver the notice to her Britannic Majesty in person, or to her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, as will be most agree able to her Majesty's wishes, and at the same time leaving the mode of the delivery of the notice entirely at my own discretion. I will of course execute your instructions at the earliest practicable moment. As, howeuer, I could only ascertain her Majesty's wishes, which I am directed to consult, through the ,Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, sufficient time has not yet been afforded for that purpose ; and in the midst of the preparation of my dis patches for the steamer to-morrow, and of my engage ments at the Foreign-office, connected with one of the topics of this letter, it has not been in my power to give to a subject of so much importance that deliberation which I am sensible a proper exercise of the discre tion confided to me requires. To-morrow, however. I propose to seek an interview with Lord Aberdeen for this purpose, and without loss of time finally to execute your instructions in the mode that may be deemed most effectual. I may add, that although it is altogether probable that the presentation of the notice to her Majesty in person will not be admissible, and that where a treaty may be annulled upon notice by one party, the mode of delivering the notice need not be dependent upon the anent of the other; yet, in the present instance, I do not apprehend there will be any diffi culty in giving and receiving the notice in a mode mutually satisfactory and in conformity with usage in such cases. I have now to acquaint you that after the receipt of your dispatches on the 15th instant by the Caledonia, I had a lengthy conference with Lord Aberdeen, on which occasion the resumption of the negotiation for an amicable settlement of the Oregon question, and the nature of the proposition he contemplated submitting, for that purpose, formed the sub ject of a full and free conversation. I have now to state that instructions will be transmitted to Mr. Pakenham by the steamer of to-morrow, to submit a new and further pro position on the part of this Government for a partition of the territory in dispute. The proposition, most probably, will offer-substantially 1. To divide the territory by the extension of the line on the parallel of 49 to the sea ; that is to say, to the arm of the sea called Birch's-bay, thence by the Canal de Arro and Straits of Fuca to the ocean; and confirming to the United States, what indeed they would possess without any special confirmation, the right freely to use and navigate the strait throughout its extent. 2. To secure to the British subjects occupying lands, forts, and stations, anywhere in the region north of the Columbia and south of the 49th parallel, a perpetual title to all their lands and stations of which they may be in actual occu pation ; liable, however, in all respects, as I understand, to the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United States, as citizens of the United States. Similar privileges will be offered to be extended to citizens of the United States who may have settlements north of the 49th parallel; though I presume it is pretty well understood that there are no set tlements upon which this nominal mutuality . could ope rate. I have no means of accurately ascertaining the ex tent of the present British settlements between the Co lumbia and the 49th parallel. They are not believed by Lord Aberdeen to be numerous, however—consisting, as he supposes, of a few private farms and two or three forts and stationt. I have already, in a previous dispatch, taken the liberty to remind you that by their charter the Hudson's Bay Company are prohibited from acquiring title to lands, and that the occupations to be effected by this reservation have been made, either by the squatters of the company or by the Puget's Sound Land Company, for the purpose of evading the prohibition of the Hudson's Bay charter.—They are, in point of fact, also , acc ordin g to - Captain Wilkes's account, cultivated and used chiefly by the persons employed in the service of the former company, and as auxiliary to their general business of hunting and trapping, rather than with a view, as it has been generally supposed, of colonising or of permanent settlement. Lastly. The proposition will demand for the Hudson's Bay Company the right of freely navigating the Columbia river. It will, however, as I understand, disclaim the idea of sovereignty, or of the right of exercising any jurisdiction or police whatever, on the part of the Government , or of the Company, and will' contemplate only the right of navigating the river upon the same footing, and according to the same regulations, as may be applied to the citizens of the United States. I have already acquainted you that Lord Aberdeen has very positively and explicitly declined to treat of the navigation of the St. Lawrence in connexion with that of the Columbia; and that even if it were desirable to us to propose to offer one for the other, he would on no account enter into any negotiation in regard to the St. Lawreace. I have seen no cause to change the opi nion, that in any attempt to divide the Oregon territory, the obligation felt by this Government to protect the rights of their subjects, which may have been acquired or grown up during the joint occupation, would most probably interpose the greatest difigulty in the way of an amicable adjustment. And it is now obvious that the proposed reservation of the right to the Hudson's Bay Company of freely navigating the Columbia, and that in favour of the British occupants north of the river, proceed from this source • although it is proba ble that more or less pride may be felt at giving up now, without what they may deem an adequate equivalent, what has been hitherto tendered by our negotiators. In fact, except in the surrender,to the United States, of the title of the lands not occupied by British subjects between the Columbia and the 49 th parallel , and also the surrender of the jurisdiction over the river and the country within the same limits, I am afraid it may, with some plausibility, be contended that there is no material difference between the present proposition and that offered to Mr. Gallatin by Messrs. Addington and Huskisson, the British negotia tors, in 1827. It is scarcely necessary for me to state that the proposi • tion, as now submitted, has not received my countenance. . . . . . I have therefore felt it my duty to discourage the expectation that it would be accepted by the President, or, if submitted to that body, approved by the Senate. I do not think there can be much doubt, however, that an impression has been produced here that the Senate would ac • cept the proposition now offered, at least without any mate rial modification, and that the President would not take the responsibility of rejecting it without consulting the Senate. If there be any reasonable ground to entertain such an im pression, however erroneous, an offer less objectionable, in the first instance at least, could hardly be expected. It may be considered certain, also, in my opinion, that the offer now to be made is not to be submitted as an ulti matum, and is not intended as such, though I have reason to know Mr. Pakenham will not be authorised to accept or reject any modification that may be proposed on our part; but that he will, in such case, be instructed to refer the mo dification to his Government. It is not to be disguised, since the President's annual mes sage, and the public discussion that has subsequently taken place in the Senate, it will be difficult, if not impossible, to conduct the negotiation in its future stages, without refer ence to the opinion of senators, or free from speculation as to any degree of control they may exercise over the result. Whatever, therefore, might be prudent and regular in the ordinary course of things, I think it is of the utmost import ance, upon the present occasion, if the President should think proper to propose any modification of the offer to be made by Air. Pakenham, that the modification should be underood a possessing the concurrence of the co-ordinate brandh s ! ' of the s treaty power. It is not easy to conjecture with any certainty the extent to which this .eovernment might be induced to modify the proposition, even if they should be assured that the Senate, no less than the President, demanded it. It must not escape observation that during the preceding Administra tion of our Government, the extension of the line on the 49th parallel to the Straits of Fuca, as now proposed by Lord Aberdem, was actually suggested by my immediate predecessor as one he thought his Government might ac cept; and that, in regard to those English subjects who would be left within American jurisdiction by adopting that boundary, he considered the provisions of the second article of Jay's Treaty as a precedent for a convenient mode of deal ing with them. By the second article of Jay's Treaty, however, British subjects would not only be secured in the absolute title of all their lauds and effects, as fully as by Lord Aberdeen's proposition, but would be allowed the option to continue as British subjects, and without any allegiance to the Govern ment of the United States, which, according to Lord Aber deen's offer, as I understand it, they would not possess. In point of. fact, therefore, the substantial points of the present offer, and those which may be expected to be regarded as most objectionable, are little more than the embodiment of the various offers and suggestions which at different times have, in some form or other, proceeded from our own nego tiations. I have myself always believed, if the extension of the line of boundary on the 49th parallel by the Straits of Fuca to the sea would be acceptable to our Government, that the demand of a right freely to navigate the Columbia river could be comprised upon a point of time by conceding it for such a period as might be necessary for the trade of the Hud son's Bay Company, north and south of the 49th parallel. Entertaining great confidence in that opinion, and deeming it only reasonable, I confess that, from an early period, I have used every argument and persuasion in my power to re concile Lord Aberdeen to such a limitation; and although I am quite aware that, with a portion of the British public, an importance it by no means deserves is attached to the navi gation of the Columbia river, and that in others it is unde servedly regarded as a point of pride, I have been disap pointed by the pertinacity with which it has been, at so much 'risk, insisted upon. Feeling very sure, however, that the present offer is not made or intended as an ultimatum, I think it only reasonable to infer an expectation on the part of those who are offering it, not only that modifications may be suggested, but that they may be reasonably required. And, therefore, I still entertain the opinion that, although from a variety of causes—in part, perhaps, from an expectation that in the United States this point may not be absolutely insisted upon, and part from deference to interests and impressions at home —they could not be induced in the first instance to make an offer with such a qualification ; yet, if the adjust ment of the question should be found to depend upon this point only, they would yield the demand to thepermanent na vigation of the river, and be content to accept it for such a number of years as would afford all the aibstanti al advantages of those interests they have particularly in view. that could be reasonably desired. if the only question upon which the adjust meat of the Oregon question depended should be whether the k A " PROTOCOL. t o 7,theolcri June was held at the Department of State on , 1846, between the Hon. James Buchanan , t%igh t it on. St a te, the American Plenipotentiary, and the hen Richard Pakenham, the British Plenipotentiary, tes tiva e negotiation respecting the Oregon territory was 4u ed. The British Plenipotentiary made a verbal ex la- Go v -On of the motives which had induced her Majesty's P the ernrnent to instruct him to make another proposition to th,_Government of the United States for the solution of iz ir " .4e long-existing difficulties. The Secretary of State ex i„;e4sed his satisfaction with the friendly motives which had —uniated the British Government in this endeavour. g .. " Whereupon the British Plenipotentiary submitted to the rotary of State the draft of a convention (marked A), fl atting forth the terms which he had been instructed to pro lose to the Government of the United States for the settle 'Lem of the Oregon question. " JAMES BUCHANAN, "RICHARD PAKENIIAM." th Viere follows t d he raught of t Convention, which is in Precise words of the treaty belo he w given.] TO•THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. In accordance with the resolution of the Senate of the 12th instant, that " the President of the United States be and is hereby advised to accept the proposal of the British Govern ment, accompanying his Message to the Senate, dated 10th June, 1846, for a Convention to settle boundaries, &c., be tween the United States and Great Britain, west of the Rocky or Stony Mountainq," a Convention was concluded and signed on the 15th instant, by the Secretary of State on the part of the United States, and the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of her Britannic Majesty on the part of Great Britain. This Convention I now lay before the Senate for their consideration, with a view•to its ratification. Washington, June 10, 1846. JAMES K. POLK. (CONFIDENTIAL.) Convention between the United States of America and her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, concluded at Washington the 15th of June, 1846. June 16, 1846.—Read a first time. June 17, 1846.—Read a second time, and ordered to be printed in confidence for the use of the Senate. The United States of America and her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, deem ing it to be desirable, for the future welfare of both countries, that the state of doubt and uncertainty which has hitherto prevailed respecting the sovereignty and government of the territory on the north-west coast of America, lying westward of the Rocky or Stony Mountains, should be finally termi nated by an amicable compromise of the rights mutually as serted .by the two parties over the said territory, have re spectively named plenipotentiarieS to treat and agree con cerning the terms of such settlement : that is to say, the President of the United States of America, has en his part furnished with full powers James Buchanan, Secretary of State of the United States, and her Majesty, the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, has on her part appointed the Right lion. Richard Pakenham, a member of her Majesty's Most lion. Privy Council, and her Ma jesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the United States, who after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, formed in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following ar ticles "MR. BUCHANAN TO MR. M‘LANS,—(EXTRACT I I.) "Department of State, Washington , Ap ril 28. t a l i _ herewith transmit a notice for the abrogatio n Of the thnntion of August 6, 1827, between Great Britai n and ii'lu tr ni ted States, in accordance with the terms prescribed ; _ctond article. This paper you will deliver to her tasev,-114: Majesty in person, to her Majesty's Principal 44 eortZ ; ._ I "Y„__?f State for Foreign Affairs, after you shal l have ' l4 atie urd ._ — °° , which of these modes of presenting it will be most your i te with her Majesty's wishes. A duplicate of the J °ll r ,";.nernitted, to be placed on tile in. the archives of Port ant h e abrogation of this Convention is an act of an im- LIMA hand s o l emn character, the delivery of the notice 'n'E env - ue attested with all due formality. The mode is it tni zhy to your own discretion ; but I would su gg est that coPyor, be made the subject of a protoc ol in triplicate; one another be should remain with t he British Government, mitts with with the Legation in London, and the third be trans theln to this department. i t he remarks whichyou may have occasion to make on the ,'LverY of the notice, the language of the preamble to Ilee e ' s 4(3 tilt resolution concerning the Oregon territory' must n s t , ar i l 3' be your guide. . . Congress have spoken their phis r (°ll the subject, in their joint resolution, and to this it (the President's) and your duty to conform." To "ft MAJESTY, VICTORIA, QUEEN OF THE _IT . ITED tiNipIODOSI OF GR.EAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND,& ne reaß, the Congress of the United States ha v etardso,,p,teod p r i l e e t ,_ 4 ° l resolution concerning the Oregon tern o t N ` N kt_ha following a copy:— of O e "' t eas by the convention concluded the 20th day h . au t°l3 er, 1818, between the United States of Americ.at and ding of the United Kingdom of Great Britain Indefinite) reland, for the period of 10 years, and afterwards y extended and continued in force by another con irt'l!lton of the same parties concluded the 6th - day of August, tha Te year of our Lord 827, it was agreed country of A m aY he claimed by t e ther party on thenorth-west coast n ow e rica westward of the Stony or .Rocky Mountains. Ivith i ta rn monly called the Oregon territory, should,.togethel_ ? i arboursbays, and creeks, and the navigation of all e i t r within the same, be free and open' to the vessels, di e :enst and subjects of the two powers, but without preju art t° any claim which either of the parties might have to Y,part of the said country; and with this further provision A u ul e second article of the said convention of the Gth of .Aust, 1827, that either party might abrogate and annul other:2 convention, on giving due notice of 12 months to the c ontractin g party. ;And w hereas it h a s no w become desirable that the re ap,edeZe clai ms of the United States and Great Britain should th _ nitely settled, and that said territory may no longer db ri lleed be remain subject to the evil consequences of the ftl iegiauvo of it; American and British population, THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 13, 1846. current rates, par. The passage of the tariff has had no e►Tect on the markets so far. Exchange on England continues depresses' n nt seldom reached. Sterling Bills are selling at 107* to 1074, which is much below the relative value of specie. This de pression will probably continue for some months. The tariff will not go into effect till December; orders for goods will, consequently, be suspended until that period. Importations are now very light, and for four mont'is to come will continue to be small. Freights have been unusally good for the whole season. The shipments of cotton, flour, wheat, and rye have been unusually large, and continue. All the packets as well as transient ships have been taken up readily, and rates have been generally low, but not advanced from what they usually are at this season. The wheat crop throughout the country is now harvested. In the great grain growing districts of the west, with but few sections excepted, the yield has been most abundant. For other descriptions of grain prospects are most flattering. We are now in the midst of the dullest season of business. The trade of the city is small at present. The fall trace commences in a few weeks. LITE RAT URE, CRITICAL AND HISTORICAL ESSAYS. By Thomas Babington Macaulay. :3 Vols. Fourth Edition. A criticism upon essays which are in themselves criti cisms, appears, and with some reason, to be one of the anomalies of literature. Every one must perceive this upon reading any of the innumerable commentaries which have been written upon the labours of l)acier, and Johnson, and Gifford, and the rest of that honour tble fraternity. Our remarks, therefore, upon these twenty-three essays, first published in the Edinburgh Review, must necessarily possess that characteristic; they must necessarily be anomalous. We will acknow ledge, moreover, that the many excellencies contained in these volumes, the luxuriance, and yet the polish, of the composition ; the subtlety, and yet the transparency of the analysis ; the splendour, and yet the propriety, of the diction ; the simplicity, and yet the enthmiarim, of the eloquence ; all of which qualities are now genes ally recognised, andgenerally admired, render any recommen dation of them altogether superfluous. The principal pur pose, therefore, iu the present notice is one of comment rather than of anatomy. We would avail ourselves of the opportunity presented, by a new edition of these productions, to particularise the various peculiarities of Nit-. Macaulay's style—peculiarities which sometimes adorn the pages with a novel and beautiful lu , trc., but which might occasionally fascinate any inexperienced peruser in a wrong direction. The compositions of Mr. Macaulay are unlike the compositions of any other writer ; they are as dissimilar to Gibbon's compo sitions as Gibbon's are to Johnson's, or Johnson's to Addison's. The construction of the sentences although always in accordance with the rubrics of grammar, is occasionally new even to eccentricity. The language is invariably selected with the most fas tidious taste ; the fOreign words which have been im perceptibly engrafted upon our native tongue are rejected ; the words of a purely Saxon origin abound in every paragraph, conveying the ideas vigorous and musically. We know no writer who so entirely gains the mastery over the prejudices of his reader as Mr. Nla-au lay. His manner is singularly disputatious; but, as he himself says of the late Lord Holland, it is " cour teously and pleasingly disputatious." His themes ap pear to have been usually selected for the purpose of rectifying some prodigious mis-statement, of disabusing the public mind of some egregious misconception, of placing important events or extraordinary charac ters in their true light, whenever they have been misrepresented, either by unnecessary aspersions or undeserved panegyrics. For example—the review of Mr. Robert Montgomery's poems was a wholesome castigation of all poetasters, and it was, we believe, the first manly criticism that revealed the fact to certain credulous old gentlemen and elderly ladies, that the man whose books they were encouraging edition after edition, whose busts were on their mantlepieces, and whose portraits were in their picture frames, was, after all, little else than a literary charlatan ; that his sublimity was rant, his tenderness puerility, his grandeur fustian, his rhymes doggrel. Again, the article on Machiavelli was a noble and successful effort to redeem a very eminent man from an obloquy which was not only undeserved but which had been sanctioned by the acquiescence of entire empires and successive generations. Mr. Macaulay, in this admirable paper, reasoned that the principles inculcated by the great Tus can statesman in his so mewhat notorious " Prince" were merely such as were in vogue among the politicians of his age—that they were principles in which his con temporaries recognised no depravity—that they were published without malice prepense—that the author of " The Prince" was at heart a patriot, and inclined to promote good government, and that whatever atrocity is discoverable in those principles should in justice be charged to the generation of which Ma chiavelli was an unit, and not to Machiavelli individually, merely because be happened to expound those principles with more perspicuity and brilliancy than any other of his countrymen. In the audacity of this endeavour to correct a blunder which had been con firmed by the accordance of millions, and by the lapse of centuries there was something chivalrous; and in the complete triumph of that endeavour there was some thing solemn and affecting. Mr. Macaulay did, with less labour, but with equal success, for Machia velli what Mr. Carlyle has subsequently done for Cromwell. Both men have been reviled with the intensest acrimony ; one as the most callous and in tollerant of hypocrites, the other as the most vicious and shameless of villains. Oliver Cromwell, before Mr. Carlyle undertook his vindication, had been scorned as the very impersonation of religious cant ; the digging up of his dead body, and the hanging of it up in chains upon a gibbet at Tyburn was regarded by the multitude as an ignominy not wholly unmerited ; the figure of the Protector shedding tears in his paroxysms of devotion, and alternately thumbing the Bible and fingering his matchlock, was regarded as the most contemptible spe cimen of the most heartless hypocrisy. Machiavelli, on the other hand, had been abhorred as the advocate of a diabolical system of despot ism ; his memory was execrated as infamous ; his writings were condemned as demoralising, both by civil and ecclesiastical tribunals; the blackest crimes since perpe trated by tyrants have been attributed to the influence of his accursed doctrines, and in our own country his name has actually become incorporated with the language as a synonyme for villainy and depravity. Mr. Carlyle has, by a quaint earnestness and a felicity of candour, revealed to us the true Cr. unwell. Mr. Macaulay has, by a most lucid and a most graceful exposition of an epoch in Fallen history, revealed to us the true Machiavelli. That fog of prejudice which had intercepted the popular view of those men, and which had distorted them into the most monstrous deformity, was dispelled. The distance of centuries became- suddenly nullified by the clearness of the medium of vision, and we beheld the veritable forms of those veritable men, with all their real imperfections and all their real merits. Miss Balcombe, in her " Recollections of Napoleon," tells us, if our memory be not marvellously deceived, that when quite a child, at " The Briars," in St. Helena, she shuddered at the terrible, news that Bonaparte was approaching the house. Her imagination was filled with the phantom of a hideous ogre, with flaming eyes, and bristling hair, and hands armed with talons, and jaws ever ready to devour a fresh victim of his demonised and bloodthirsty nature. Nor was this creature of her fancy annihilated until she saw a horseman, surrounded by a brilliant staff of officers, galloping over her father's lawn—until she saw a small, but symmetrical form—until she looked into his benign and beautiful countenance, listened to the gentle intonations of his voice, and was told that this was Napoleon. The ogre of Miss Balcombe's imagination was not more unreal or extravagant than the ogres of Cromwell and Machiavelli, such as the populace had pictured to themselves before Mr. Macaulay and Mr. Carlyle had boldly advanced and impeached the judg ment of millions of their predecessors : nor were the people less amazed on first beholding the real Machia velli and the real Cromwell than was Miss Balcombe on first beholding the real Napoleon. We have been lured into this digression from the importance which we are inclined to attach to this particular essay; because, moreover, we would direct the attention of those to it who may by possibility have hitherto re mained ignorant of its character; and especially because we conceive, that in that single article are com prised all the most remarkable and beautiful pecu liarities of its eminent author. His impassioned and melodious expostulations ; his elucidations by skilful antitheses; his logical enumeration of facts and arguments his exquisite and sometimes fantastic metaphors ; his striking alternations of abrupt ness and fluency ; his earnestness, his zeal for truth, his love of brilliant and startling thoughts ; the silver melody and exceeding purity of his diction. If Mr. Macaulay possesses one faculty in writing more remarkably than another it is the faculty of illustration. His mind teems with an astonishing profusion of images for the symbolising of any idea. Classical literature, history, the productions or phases of nature, poetry, the fine arts, fiction, manufactures, everything by turn supplies him with a similitude, dis playing at once the ingenuity of his fancy, the facile obedience of his memory, the abundance and the range of his erudition. By one of these adroit metaphors he will, moreover, convey a juster notion of his meaning to the reader than another man would do in a dozen elaborate paragraphs of explana tion; they often throw a glare of light upon a matter that an instant before was enveloped in darkness; wtat was previously indistinct to the extremest limits of obscurity, under their influence, becomes suddenly comprehensible to the most mediocre understand ing. Sometimes, indeed, his illustrations ,sin this manner are so unexpected, and there is such a vivid analogy between the two things compared as lite rally amounts to wit, and wit of the most sterling and lustrous description. Thus, in the paper already parti cularised, he compares the double character com bined in the intellect of Machiavelli to "the va riegated threads of shot silk, the combination of which gives to the tchole texture a glancing and ever-clanging appearance." The comparison also drawn between the poetical schools of Pope and Milton, and the pictures of Paradise, as represented in an old wood cut and a masterpiece of painting, is inimitable.— Vide. Vol. 1., p. 329. We might, indeed, enumerate multi tudes of these similes, were it not utterly a matter of supererogation, seeing that there is scarcely a single page that is not decorated by them, scarcely a single subject that does not evoke them, scarcely a single train of ideas in the three volumes that does not derive from them much adventitious brightness and many most charming associations. Another striking peculiarity in the compositions of Mr. Macaulay is that of ingenious contrasts. Here our author is always and singularly happy. His contrast of the Puritan and and the old Cavalier (Vol. 1., p. 49-55) ; his contradis• tinction between the ancient philosophy and the modern philosophy (Vol. IL, p. 396-404) ; his comparison of Dante and Milton, of Essex and Villiers, with a variety of others, too numerous to particularise, are, in their way, perfect specimens of the chiaroscuro of letters. They impart a remarkable vividness to the delineations ; they bring out events in distinct groups, such as are readily seized by the imagination and indelibly imprinted on the memory; they give the keenest chiselling to the features of a face, and toe brightest colouring to the portraiture of an occurrence. Among the three-and-twenty distinct papers comprised in this collection, we should be embar rassed to make a selection of the most meritorious. Th e a pple of Paris was not reserved from a deeper incapacity to arrive at a decision than sense of would our judgment be withheld in this par ticular. Whatever article we have perused the latest we prefer to its companions : every additional perusal alters our opinion. Nevertheless each' of the essays, whether historical or critical, possesses some especial attraction peculiar to itself, and in which it admits of no competition. Mr. Macaulay is gifted with an intellect at once zeithetieal and contemplative. He is equally at home when e xpatiating upon the elementi of high art, or in accounting for the - motives of a statesman. His elaborate disquisition upon Lord Bacon is a. splendid tribute of reverence to one of the - gfeateSt" minds The news from Mexico is not important. At the last account from the city of Mexico, Paredes was still there, though it was still stated he was to take command of the army. It seemed to be the general impression that the Mexican Govern ment intended to make another struggle against their invaders, though from inward troubles, disor ganisation, and want of funds, it was difficult to believe it would meet with success. Several small affairs had taken place near Vera Cruz, 'between the troops along the shore and the ships assembled in the Gulf, but nothing worthy of notice had occurred. No attempt was to be made against St. Juan Dulloa, the general impression being, that sufficient benefit would not accrue from its capture to com pensate for the certain loss its attack would cause. Business in the Atlantic Cities continued very dull, the principal business people being rusticating, owing to the intensely hot weather. Exchange at New York on England, 7 a 7i pm. FROM THE ARMY. The steamship James L. Day, Captain Griffii, ar rived at New Orleans on the 18th instant, from Brazos Santiago, which place she left on the 15th. The news is four days later and of considerable inte rest, and especially as the announcement that a deputa tion from the British navy arrived at Fort Polk upon business with General Taylor, calculated to excite curio sity and speculation. The troops were being sent for ward as fast as the means of transportation and the high water would allow. The Andrew Jackson regi ment left for Reynosa on the 9th instant, and Colonel Davis moved up the river on the 10th instant. An article in the American Flag, of the 10th instant, informs us that broils occasionally break out between the volun teers and the Mexicans, resulting in death. That paper states that General Taylor uses every exertion to pre vent persc ns attached to the army from disturbing the citiz( ns of Matamoras. The Mexican authorities are urged to use more at tention in keeping their citizens in order, and dispersing them when engaged in riotous proceedings. Some of Canales' men are supposed to be lurking about Mats moras for purposes of rapine and murder. A young American soldier was found near the office of the American .Flag on the 9th instant with his throat dreadfully cut, and his heart pierced with several dangerous wounds ; the murderer has not yet been dis covered. The Rio Grande was still rising on the 10th. In several places about Alatamoras it had overflowed its banks. FOURTH OF JULY IN MEXICO. Advices from New Orleans to the evening of the 15th have been received at Washington, with letters from 'Matamoros of July 3 and 5. General Taylor announced to two of the regiments on the 4th, that in a few days he would have boats to tran sport them to Camargo, whence he would put them directly in motion for Monterey, and if they got no fight before the summer closed, it would not be his fault. The papers of Texas and Matamoros are full of details of the celebration of the 4th. The rains were holding up. Some sickness prevailed. mostly bowel complaints. The measles had appeared in Mark's regiment, and seve ral men were down with the complaint. Mr. D. E. Gray had arrived in Reynosa from the upper country, by way of Monterey, and reported the Mexicans full of apathy to the war. Five hundred Mexican volunteers at Monclova had refused to serve on hearing of Taylor's victories. Some disaffection among the Louisiana volunteers had appeared, but it would be settled, having been referred to General Smith. The wounded and sick were doing well at Fort Polk. A cc ounts from the Army, dated at Matamoras, July 8, and at Point Isabel, July 11, have come forward by mail, having been received at New Orleans on the 15th, per steamer New York. Letters from Reynosa had been received as late as the 30th June. We are in debted to the editors of the New Orleans Picayune for an extra, containing their correspondence, which has been anticipated in part by the telegraph. General Taylor had ten steamers at Matamoras, with which to move his rapidly increasing forces up the river, on the way to Monterey, via Reynosa, and which was being accomplished as rapidly as possible. • The United States revenue cutter Forward, the schooner Flirt, and the British brig of .war Rose were off Point Isabel. The Impresario, aground on the bar, had been got off. The 4th of July was duly celebrated at all the encamp ments. Considerable alarm prevailed a mong the Mexicans , in co nse q uence of the discharges of artillery in the morning. Many of them fled from their houses, but returned on learning the cause of the " great skare." Corporal Mervin, a Louisiana volunteer, was accidentally killed on the 4th, by the rebound of a line attached to the steamer Aid. Another paper, the Ameri • can Flag, has been established at Matamoras. The lierille is now printed exclusively in English. The 7th Infantry moved up to Camarago on the Gth instant. Captain M`Cullough's Rangers whilst out on a scout in the vicinity of Reynosa, capturred three of the party who were engaged in the Rodger's massacre on the Sal Colorado some two months ago. One of the three ma nagede, but the. other two are in safe keeping will be sent down to Gen. Taylor A ball having been given at Monterey to General atht e Rfier ys t o tn oo e sp si a o A rista's retreating forces, among those who offered their p rt 'r un il i e t Y y. hands for a waltz with the Mexican ladies, were some of the fellows who had danced so nimbly to a different tune at the Resaca. The answer of the ladies was noble, and at the same time cutting to a degree :—" We do not dance with our own sex 1" Matamoras wears the appearance of a faubourg of New Orleans, and partakes of some of its characteristics, numerous dis graceful scenes having occurred on the night preceding the fourth. Five or six Mexicans are said to have been killed by drunken brawlers, Texian camp followers. General Henderson, of Texas, was recovering from a severe attack of illness from which he had suffered. Colonel Lewis P. Cook had also been very ill, and it was at one time reported that he was dead. He was convalescent at last accounts. The steamer New York brought as passengers Colonel APlntosh and son, Lieutenant Bibb, Lieutenant Power, and Lieutenant Lown, Twenty discharged soldiers also came over in her. Colonel M'lntosh has recovered in a great measure from his wounds. General Taylor has issued the following p l a s t 4 i 6 on . , No. 59. Head Quar l y f e a r t s a , m A o r r m as y , J or ul O y e 3 cl , l Sir, —It has been brought to my notice that an omis sion occurred in my detailed report of the action of the 9th, which I beg leave to supply immediately after the mention of Lieut. Colonel Mackintosh's being " twice severely wounded - " The command of the sth Infantry then devolved upon Major Staniford, who conducted it with zeal and ability to the close of the engagement." I need hardly say that this omission was entirely ac cidental, and I beg, as an act of justice to Major Sta niford as well as myself, that the above paragraph may be inserted in the original report, and may receive the same publicity.--I am, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, (Signed) Z. TAYLOR, u nt General of Maj or the ß A re r v m e r t . t Genera The Adj 'BEARD'S 10TOGRAPHY.-In former notices of Mr. Beard's success, in, carrying out and improvin , 7. upon Daguerre's magnificent discovery, that painting can be exe cuted with a "yencil of light," we have expressed our anti cipation, that, in the progress of " Photography," the scien tific patentee would at length arrive at the power of fixing upon his plates not only form, or that simple modification of colour, which is called light and shade, but even colour itself, u after the tur ce sndone in all its combinations. Of course, in s p eakin g of such anti cipations, we had no ide a if o any " touching up,had" or is o wr r k. t h vv p e p hg atePdhiethapt the time would come, and, before v o e e h e o x t ag o r e which we hay, seen from Mr. Beard's studio long, when Mr. Beard would be able to catch the rays, and stitution, convince: h i e is ey t e h s a w t we permanently stamp them on his panels, not merely in theirwhite union or prismatic dispersion, but in every variety of combina tion which the eye of Rembrandt has observed, and the hand s, strangely of Reubens vainly endeavoured to imitate. The last specimens of photography at the Roy enough, that the first approach to t h e production of colours by the pho tographic process, is found in l the EYES! whereas in those, the most expressive and sou -speaking of the features, it had always been observed. that pictures produced in this have not hoped too much. It happen always more or less cold, ghastly, an d Royal Polytechnic inexpres sive ; and were, of necessity, always .) 8 of one way were especially defectthat, in fact, colour, whatever might be the complexion of the countenance which it was intended to p ourtray. W e now find the vario us tints of the iris pres erve d upon M r. Beard's photograp hic plate, with as much d e li cacy as t h ose minute and tine touches of i form, which no pencil of artist could imitate, and which hitherto have formed the unmatch able excellence of photograplaic portraits. The portraits of s ome children with very light, delicate blue eyes, just issued from Mr. Beard's laboratory, are extraordinary as well as beautiful specimens of the perfection to which tact gentle man has 14hught life in portraiture. REDucnosr OF WAGES. -- ASHTON-UNDER-LYNE, ACTGUiT 111.--The master roller turners of Stockport. Park bridge, Oldham, Ashton-under Lyne, Dukingfield, and other places, have given notice to their workmen that at th e ex piration of the next fortnightly pay they would be under the necessity of reducing their wages to the amount of five per cent., owing to the badness of trade. This announcement has created considerable feeling amongst the turners of this district, who appear determined to oppose it, and for this purpose they convene d a delegated meeting on Alondav, at the house of Mr. Thomas Moss, the Grapes Inn, Aston under-Lyne, when, the subject having been fully discussed, they passed the follow in g resolution :—" Th at we unani mouslY agree to work four days in the week, should circum stances in connexion with the trade require it, but on ro account will we submit to the proposed reduction of 5 per cent. of our wages." Several other branches of mill workers are threatened with reductions, and they are at the present time again forming themselves into unions to resist them. The power-loom weavers of the town of Stalybridge are holding a public meeting of their numerous body this even ing, for the purpose of cariTing out the principles of union, that was ever granted to mortal, while it rigidly ad- I Bishops of London and Durham, the Right Hon. bores t the statement of those mournful facts which IH. Gotilburn, the Right Hon. J. Nichol', and the Dean invest the glorious memory of that man with so much of Westminster. of incongruous shame and infamy. The intellectual The Sardinian Minister transacted business yesterday strength and moral weakness of our noblest philosopher at the Foreign-office. are there pourtrayed with the utmost impartiality. The Mr. Wickham, Chairman of the Stamps and Taxes, same veneration for truth, kindles the writer's enthusiasm had an interview with the Chancellor of the ExcheqUef in one instance, and arouses his indignation in the other. yesterday. Lord Monteagle had also an interview with He is consistent to his own tenets ; he acts upon his ab- the Right lion. Gentleman. horrence for what in one place he designates " the Lucs The Earl of Elgin had an interview yesterday with Rostvellicina, or disease of admiration ;" in another, Earl Grey at the Colonial-office. " the idols tribes," a n d i n a third " the Furor Biographi- Mr. Fowles had an interview yesterday with the Earl cus." He contemns, and with the strictest justice that of Clarendon at the Board of Trade. leniency to faults, that tendency to eulogium, The Lords of her Majesty's most Honourable Priv). that indiscriminate partiality evinced by biographers Council sat yesterday in the Council. Chamber, i'er:the for the personages whose characters they have further hearing of a petition of the Provost and Fellows undertaken to define. Loving eternal truth and of t he C olle g e of Eton a g ainst a scheme of the, Ec immutable justice better than sounding_ names, Mr. clesiastical Commissioners for carrying into eff ect certain Macaulay reprobates Bacon where Bacon deserves repro- altereion3 in the Dioceses of Orford and Salisbury. bation, and rewrences him where he deserves reverence. The Attorney-General :lid Mr. rkthell (Queen's Conn- And, as an evidence that our author is not incapable of cil) were heard. The Lords present were the Lord entertaining some sentiments of enthusiastic admiration President, the Lord Privy Seal, Lord CarnOell, the for an illustrious memor y w h ere the memory is suffi- Vice-Chancellor of England, and the Judge of the Ad ciently illustrious and unsullied to justify such sentiments, mirahy Court. itis pleasant to peruse that earnest termination of his paper on Milton, where he pictures himself in the presence of the poet, and continues, " We image to ourselves the breath less silence in which we should listen to his slightest word, and the pasionate veneration with which we s!iould kneel to hiss his hand and weep upon it." Notwithstanding the apology (volunteered by the writer himself, in his pre• face) for this essay being " overloaded with g audy and un graceful ornament," and notwithstanding that this blemish is really apparent towards its commencement, especially in that redundant sentence where he speaks of the muse of Milton being able " to skim the earth, to soar above the clouds, to bathe in the Elysian dew of the rainbow, and to inhale Vie balmy smells of nerd and cassia, which the musky wings of the zephyr scatter through the cedared alleys of tke Hesperides;"--notwithstanding all this, our partiality for this paper on the divine genius of the writer of Paradise Lost is cordial and unaffected. It is eloquent with the heart's devotion, and is teeming with a thousand original and picturesque fancies. If indeed for nothing else, that essay would be particu larly valuable as a proof of how the ornate splendour of a young author can be modulated to a style as mellow and as luminous as that in which Mr. Macaulay now writes : how the abundance of blosar ma and of foliage may be succeeded by blooming and delicious fruit. Such fruit, for example, as the essay on Lord Clive, on Sir William Temple, on John Hampden, on Boswell's Life of Johnson. The criticism on Croker's edition of Boswell is, to our thinking, one of the finest pieces in these three volumes. It begins with a terrible enumeration of the blemishes introduced into that inimitable biography ; blemishes as much resulting from the ignorance as the carelessness of its incompetent and self-sufficient editor. It then eulogises the production of that Prince of Toadies, Boswell, while it covers the latter with the deadly poison of ridicule. The passages which follow this, illustrative of the progress of literature, but especially of poetry, during the John sonian era, are blended with judicious comments upon the powers and the weaknesses of that great sage—that man who could " grapple with a whole library," and yet could not conquer the most puerile superstitions ! Among the most elaborate of Mr. Mkaulay's critical essays are the one on llallam's Constitutional History, the one on Sir James Mackintosh, the one on Southey's Colloquies on Society, the one on Leigh Hunt, and the one on Horace Walpole. They are all characterised by a fastidious yet liberal taste, a lively perception of the idiosyncrasies of the various writers, and a stern and inflexible regard to accuracy. Among the historical are those on the Earl of Chatham, the Succession in Spain, Burleigh and his Times, Ranke's History of the Popes, Warren Hastings, and others already mentioned. From the singular impartiality displayed in the latter, as well as from the lucid manner of, the narration, we may be readily justified in looking forward with the most sanguine anticipations to the great history which Mr. Macaulay is understood to have in preparation. Nevertheless, if we might be permitted to presume upon any recommendation of the kind, we would earnestly and respectfully commend Mr. Macaulay to digest one or two of his conclusions upon events in English history before his volume be permitted to issue from the press. We would, for instance, hope that his acute mind might before then re-investigate the ecclesiastical con duct, so to speak, of Sir Thomas More, that he would re-peruse the "Apology" of that great man, and especially the thirty-sixth chapter, and after so doing he would divest himself of what we believe, from our hearts, to be the erroneous opinion that Sir Thomas More was guilty of fanatical intolerance. The article upon Warren Hastings may be particularised as perhaps the most elaborate composition in these three splendid volumes. It is not unworthy of being a compendium and counterpoise to the grandest philippic of modern times ; it corrects the indignation aroused by the rheto rical libels of Sheridan ; it places in a correct light a subject which has possibly been more repeatedly and more egregiously misrepresented than any connected with the atrocities of war and the woes of misgovernment. It explains, that while Governor-General Hastings was most reprilensible for selling the English troops to Sujah Dowlah, for a purpose so execrable as the conquest of the unoffending Rohillas, the massacre of an innocent race, and the devastation of a peaceful country, those directors of the East India Company who were the foremost to wreak vengeance upon Warren Hastings were no less guilty than himself. That when they recommended him to govern the Indian mil lions with leniency, and at the same time required him to remit thousands of specie from an impoverished exchequer they were tempting him to the commission of fraud and despotism. Hastings is likewise vindicated from the charge of murder, in causing the execution of Maharajah Nuncomar, the great Brahmin; the whole.oblouuy of that ci uel deed being cast upon Chief Justice Sir Rlijah Impey. Throughout the literary labours of Mr. Macaulay, it is as impossible not to recognise his pro found and untiring reverence for Truth as it is not to discern the erudition of the scholar and the accomplishments of the rhetorician in Isis musical periods aval antithetical climaxes. One brief, but touching and eloquent paper, will ellicit the praise of every reader— we mean the beautiful tribute of affection and respect to the memory and genius of Lord Holland. We have spoken more than once of Mr. Macsulay's eloquence as a writer, and we would have it particularly observed that the word is not here employed as a mere hack phrase in criticism. Those who have perused Mr. Macaulay's productions will readily comprehend how fully the expression "eloquence" may be applied to them—how much, in that characteristic, those produc tions are akin to the Parliamentary orations of the Pay master of her Majesty's Forces—what an intimate ana logy subsists in this respect between his "Essays," his speeches, and his " Lays of Ancient Rome." Who does not, for instance, remember that noble passage com memorative of the antiquity and the stability of the Catholic Church, terminating with that superb image of her existence in undiminished vigour—" When some traveller front New Zealand shall, in the midst of a vast solitude, take his stand on a broken arch of London bridge to sketch the ruins of St. Paul's?" It would be frivolous, however, to endeavour to give any isolated passage as a specimen of these writings. It would be the fool of Ilieroc:es all over again, bringing a brick as a sample of his house. Mr. Macaulay has, indeed, given us more than a mere inkling of his literary powers ; and though he himself may regard these essays with in difference, as unworthy of what he feels himself capable of accomplishing, they are anything but unworthy of a language which has been adorned by a Gibbon, a Gold smith, and a Burke. Mr. Macaulay may be privileged to depreciate these volumes, as he appears to do in his simple and dignified preface, but others will not be in fluenced even by that authoritative depreciation. Though sometimes abrupt, even to rigidity and ruggedness, the style is always luminous, the sentiments generally just, and the earnestness invariably unaffected. The vo ; lumes will live to posterity. SPORTING INTELLIGENCL. WOLVERHAMPTON RACES.—TUESDAY (CoNci.,llDiD). The Wolverhampton Stakes of 25 Sots. each, 15 ft, and 5 only if declared, with the Tradesmen's Purse of 1001. added; the second saves his stake. Twice round and a dis. (54 Subs., 34 of whom declared.) Mr. Meiklam's Inheritress, 6 yrs, Bst 51b (Templeman) 1 Mr. I'arr's Dulcet, 4 yrs, Get 101 h 2 Mr. Clifton's Burgundy, 3 yrs, sst 121 b The following also started but were not placed :—Sir C. Monck's Glossy, 6 yrs, Bst 41b ; Mr. Meeson's The Dart, 4 yrs, 7st ; Mr. Bell's Winesour, 6 yrs, Bst 71b; Mr. dander's Golden Bee,3 yrs, 4st 111 b. Betting-3 to 1 agst Dulcet; sto 1 agst Inheritress; sto 1 agst Golden Bee; and 7 to 1 agst Winesour. Dulcet and the Dart made alternate running to the last turn, where the former went in front, was challenged at the, distance by Inheritress, and defeated by a neck only. Bur gundy a length behind him, and the others nowhere. The ',Mies' Purse of 501. Heats, once round and a die. Mr. Godson's Susannah, 5 yrs (G. Calloway) 2 1 1 Mr. Whitehouse's Charlotte, 3 yre 1 0 2 Mr. Thompson's br c by Stansty, dam by Brutan dorf, 3 yrs Mr. Jones's f, by Revolution, 3 yrs Mr. Whitlake's Nosegay, 3 yrs ... 0 dr. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert, and their Majesties the King and Queen of the Belgians, took a drive to Ryde on Tuesday afternoon. Yesterday morning, at half-past nine o'clock, their Majesties the King and Queen of the Belgians left Os borne House for town. Her Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied their august visitors, in the royal yacht. to Gosport. Their Belgian Majesties left Gosport, by a special train on the South-Western Railway, for town, attended by the Countess Vilain XIV. and Lord George Lennox, Lord Alfred Paget and Major A. d'llanins de Moerkerket Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, took their usual walks and rides yesterday in the pleasure grounds of Osborne House. Their Majt sties the King and Qua en of the Belgians, attended by the Countess Vilain XIV., Lord George Lennox, Lord Alfred Paget, and Major de Moerkerke, arrived at Buckingham Palace at a quarter before two o'clock yesterday afternoon, from the Nine Elms termi nus of the South-Western Railway. Their Alajesties were received by the Lord Steward, the Lord Chamber lain, his Excellency M. Van de Weyer, and the lion. Sir Edward Cast, the Comptroller of the Household of his Majesty the King of the Belgians in this country. Her Royal Highness the Duc hess of Kent, attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson, arrived in town, from her residence, Frogmore Hous e, Windsor, shortl y be fore one o'clock yesterday afternoon. Her Royal High ness proceeded to Buckingham Palace, and met their Belgian Majesties on their arrival. A dejeun6 was served to the illustrious party. At a quarter before three o'clock their Majesties the King of the Belgians left BuAingham Palace in a chariot and four for Woolwich, to embark fin... Wend. The Countess Vilain XIV., his Excellency M. Van de Weyer Lord George Lennox, Lord Alfred Paget, the Hon. Sir Edward Oust, and Major de Moerkerke, fol lowed in two carriages to Woolwich, where the illustri ous party arrived at a quarter before four o'clock. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent afterwards left Buckingham Palace for Clarence House, St. James's. At a quarter past four, her Royal Highness, attended by Lady Anna Maria Dawson, and Sir George Couper, left town on her return to Frogmore House. Count de Jarnac, French Charg‘ d'Affaires, bad an interview with Lord John Russell, at his official resi dence in Downing-street. The Count also transacted business at the Foreign-office. A deputation of the Aborigines Protection Society, consisting of Mr. Samuel Gurney (president), Sir Edwd. Buxton, Bart., Mr. Charles Hindley, M.P., Mr. Shirley Woolmer, Mr. John Burtt, the Rev. A. Wright, L.L.D., Mr. George L. Neighbour, the Rev. H. Bromley (secre tary), and Mr. James Bell (treasurer), had an interview with Earl Grey, yesterday, at the Colonial-office. A deputation from booksellers, including Mr. Jackson, Mr. Jones, and Mr. Haydon, had an interview with the Earl of Clarendon yesterday at the office' of the Board of Trade. • - ,The. Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England had a general meeting yesterday. There were present the ARTICLE From the point on the 49th parallel of north latitude, where the boundary laid down in existing treaties and con• veutions between Great Britain and the United States termi nates, the line of boundary between the territories of her Britannic'. Majesty and those of the United States shall be continued westward along the 49th parallel of north latitude to the middle of the channel which separates the continent from Vancouver's Island, and thence southerly through the middle of the said channel, and of Fuca's Straits, to the Pacific ocean; provided, however, that the navigation of the said channel and straits, south of the 49th parallel of north latitude, remain free and open to both parties. ♦RTICLE 2. From the point at which the 49th parallel of north latitude shall be found to intersect the great northern branch of the Columbia river, the navigation of the said branch shall be free and open to the Hudson's Bay Company, and to all Bri tish subjects trading with the same, to the point where the said branch meets the main stream of the Columbia, and thence down the said main stream to the ocean, with free access into and through the said river or rivers, it being un derstood that all the usual portages along the line thus de scribed shall in like manner be free and open. In navigating the said river or rivers, British subjects with their goods and produce shall be treated on the same footing as citizens of the United States, it being, however, always understood that nothing in this article shall be construed as preventing, or intended to prevent, the Government of the United States from making any regulations respecting the navigation of the said river or rivers, not inconsistent with the present treaty. ARTICLE 3. In the future appropriations of the territory south of the 49th parallel of north latitude, as provided in the first article of this treaty, the possessory rights of the Hudson's Bay Company, and of all British subjects who may be already in the occupation of land or other property lawfully acquired within the said territory, shall be respected. ARTICLE 4. The farms, lands, and other property of every description, belonging to the Puget's Sound Agricultural Company, on the north side of the Columbia river, shall be confined to the said company. In case, however, the situation of those farms and lands should be considered by the United States to be of public and political importance, and the United States' Government should signify a desire to obtain posses sion of the whole or any part thereof, the property so re quired shall be transferred to the said Government at a proper valuation to be agreed upon between the parties.j ARTICLE 5. _ _ The present treaty shall be ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by her Britannic Majesty, and the rati fications shall be exchanged at London at the expiration of six months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto the seals of their arms. Done at Washington the 15th day of June, in the year of our Lord 1846. JAMES BUCHANAN. RICHARD PAKENHAM. Attentive rea►lers will not fail to remark what may be called the very unusual form at least in which Mr. Polk de sired to give the notice ; an autograph from sovereign to so vereign I J. K. Polk, President of the Yankee Doodles, to Victoria, Queen of the Bull family I Well might Mr. M`Lane express doubt whether such a form of communication would be "deemed admissible ;" and we are still left in doubt whether the autograph of President Polk was presented "to her ➢lajesty in person," instead of passing, as all preceding matters connected with the nego tiation have, through the state departments of the two countries. The invariable usage of our country has been, we believe, to deal with foreign countries through our Secretary of State and the corresponding officer of such countries, and not, as is sometimes done in Europe, directly from monarch to monarch. But the severe democracy of Mr. Polk seems to have pleased itself with the notion of addressing himself directly to his well-beloved cousin Queen Victoria, and, to obtain this gra tification, to have snatched a grace beyond the reach of our diplomatic precedents. This is no great matter, to be sure, but it looks s►lly. COMMERIAL INTELLIGENCE. ( From the New York Express,) This is thepacket day for the Boston steamer, which leaves to-morrow about the same hour as the Great Britain from this port. Merchants, in order to be sure, will probably write by both steamers, more particularly as the passage of the Tariff Bill, in Congress, furnishes commercial news of interest to all parts of Europe. Since the sailing of the last steamer there have been many important matters that have claimed a good deal of public attention. The news of the repeal of the corn-laws is an im portant event, and will have a sensible effect on the trade of the city. The exports of wheat, rye, corn, and flour, as well as some other articles, have been uncommonly large for this season of the year. Nor has the disposition to ship abated, but, on the contrary, within a few days the purchases of flour have increased. The action of Congress, just now, is of unusual interest. The tariff question has been discussed and finally settled. In the Senate the parties were so equally balanced that the question was settled by the casting vote of the Vice-Presi dent. The result v.ill create a sensation throughout the country, and will be one that will materially effect the coming elections. The war with Mexico still continues, with no prospect whatever of a speedy termination. It is a fruitful source of expenditure—so much so that Government have been au thorised-to issue 10,000,000 of Treasury notes, and this is considered but the beginning of the amount that will be required. The appropriations of Congress, it is believed, before the session closes, will reach 70,000,000 of dollars, a sunk that will exhaust all the revenue in the treasury, and require a very large amount of loans. Money is sufficiently plentiful for all practical purposes. Tho banks discount freely four and six months paper, at WEDNESDAY. The Patshull Handicap of 15 sous. each, 10 ft ; and 5 only, if declared, with 30 added. One mile and a-half. (26 Subs., 12 paid). Mr. Johnstone's Fair Helen, 3 yrs, sst Slb (Ryder) 1 Mr. Irwin's Connaught Ranger, 4 yrs, 7st 51b . 2 Godfrey, Yardley, Ironmaster, Magnet, Arthur, and Ma rietta, also ran. Won by half a head. The Chillington Stakes, of 10 soys. each, and 50 added, for two yrs old colts, Bst :lb, fillies, Bst 51b. T.Y.C. Colonel Anson's Treacle (1)&110 1 Lord Warwick's Aligwor... Mr. Mostyn's f, by Lanercost, out of Miss Clifton Tweed, Credential, and Atalanta, were not placed. . . _ _ The Cleveland Cup, with 50/. added by subs. Of 10 am% each. Three Miles. Sir C. Monck's Glossy, 6 yrs, walked over. CHELMSFORD RACES.—WEDNESDAT. The Mark's Hall Handicap, of 5 sous. each, 2 ft. and 50 added ; the second to receive 10 soya. Straight mile. (8 Subs.) Mr. Arber's Caroline, 4 yrs, 7st (Pettit) 1 Mr. G. Hobson's Binnacle, 3 yrs, Bst 21b 2 Hon. G. Ongley's Mount Pleasant, 3 yrs, 7st 41b... ....... Mr. Greville's Deerchase, 3i7s, 7st Won easy. The Town Plate of 50/. 3 yrs old. ist 31b ; 4 yrs, Bst 71b ; 5 yrs, 9st llb • 6 yrs and aged, 9st 51b ; mares , & c ., a l . lowed 31bs. Winner of Plate or Stakes this year, 31bs extra ; twice, 51bs ; thrice, 71bs extra. The winner to be sold for 2501. Heats, once round and a dis. Mr. G. Hobson's Chatham, 4 yrs (Crouch) 1 1 Mr. G. Dodson's Libation, 3 yrs . ....... .... ...... ... 5 2 Hon. G. Ongley's Fama, aged Mr. Lamb's Lady Flora, aged 3 dr Mr. Pratt's Deodara, 4 yrs Won easy. - -- - Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas; 3 yrs, 7st Mb; 4 yrs, 9st llb ; 5 yrs, 9st 111 b ; 6 yrs and aged, 10st 21b. Heats, Two Miles. Lord Lonadale's Jericho, 4 yrs......(Bartholomew) 1 2 1 Mr. Marson's Rufus, 3 yrs Lord Exeter's Sister to Pergularia, 3 yrs 2 3 dr The first heat was won by five lengths, and the others by a neck. The Maldon Stakes of 7 sous each, and 50 added; the second to save his stake. Straight mile. (6 Subs.) Mr. Arber's Caroline, 4 yrs, 7st 81b (Pettit) 1 Mr. G. Ongley's Queen of the Gipsies, 6 yrs, 9st 31b.... 2 Mr. G. Hobson's Binnacle, 3 yrs, ist 81b Mr. Greville's Polka, 3 yrs, Est 81b 4 Mr. Marson's Energy, 4 yrs, 7st 81b 5 Mr. Meeson's Greengage, 2 yrs, sst bolted Won by a le ngth and a half. (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) WOLVERIIAAPTON RACES—WEDNESDAY (CON CLUDED). Tke Borough Member's Plate of 60/. ; for 3 yrs old, 7st 51b ; 4 yrs, Bst 71b ; 5 yrs. 9st 21b ; 6 yrs and aged, 9s.t 71b ; mare, &c., allowed 31b, and horses that have started three times and not won allowed 31b; winners, once, 31b; twice, 51b ; and thrice, or more, 71b extra. Heats, one mile and a half. Mr. Mutton's Auricula, 3 yrs (G. Whitehouse) 1 1 'Air. T. Waiters' Ratcliffe (late The Nobbler), 5 yrs 0 2 Mr. Itaworth's Idolater, 4 yrs... ... 2 0 -'s Black Strap. 4 yrs - ...... 0 0 Mr. Mostyn's ..lack Strap, v.. .......... LEWES RAC.V.S—WEDNESDAY. The Members' Plate. Mr. Roberts' Lady Anne, 4 yrs, 7st 61b... (Esling) 5 1 Lord G. Bentinck's Plenitude, 4 yrs, ist 91b 1 2 Mr. S. Smith's Jack, 6 yrs, Bst 101 b Mr. Wilson's Jessie Hammond, 4 yrs, 7st Glb Mr. Werninck's Patchwork, aged, Bst 6lb 4 5 dr The Queen's Plate of 100 Guineas. Sir G. lleathcote's be by Velocipede,3 yrs, Bst 21b ... 1 1 Lord Stradbroko's Lynceus, 3 yrs, Bst 211) Mr. namsbottom's Pine Apple,6 yrs, lOst 31b Lord G. Bentinck's My Mary, 4 yrs, 9st 61b The Cup Stakes. Mr. Jackson's Syntaxina, aged, Sst Rib (T. Brown,jun.) 1 1. Lord G. Bentinck's Pug, 4 yrs, 7st 7lb 2 2 Mr. Verrall's Clansman, 4 yrs, ist 71b 3 dr Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each, and 30 added. Lord G. Bentinck's Jollity, 2 yrs, Est 71b Mr. Knowles' bc by Camel, 2 yrs, Est 31b 1 4 4 Mr. 3. Verrall's Little Mealy, 2 yrs, 6st 31b ...... 4 2 2 Mr. Smith's Trebonius, 3 yrs, Bst 5 3 3 Mr. Matthews Guzman, 3 yrs, Sat 31b 3 dr PLYMOUTILDEVONPORT, AND CORNWALL RACES. TUESDAY. The. Saltram Stakes of 25 sovs. each, &c. Captain Crofton's Zuleika, 3 yrs, 7st. G. Moon) 1 Mr. J. King's cby Glaucus, out of Dick's dam, 4 yrs, 7st 51b 2 Mr. Goldsworthy's Woodbury, 3 yrs, sst 101 b The Plymouth Plate of SO sovs., added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sovs. each. Heats, two miles. Captain Crofton's Rose, 4 yrs, Bst 51b --(Stockings) 1 1 Mr. J. King's cby Glaucus—Pick's dam, 3 yrs, Bst 51b 2 2 Mr. Goldsworthy's Blackhall, 6 yrs, 9st 51b ... 3 3 Mr. Shipley's Brunette, aged, 9st 51b The Ladies' Purse of 50 sovs. Heats, once round. Mr. Shipley's Brunette, aged, 9st 31b .. Mr. King's Flash of Lightning , 3 yrs , 7 s t 71b 2 Mr. Knott's The Baron (late Topthorn), aged, 7st 101 b 3 3 Mr. Frost's Cavendish, aged, 7st The United Service Plate of 50 SON'S. Heats, half a mile.' Capt. Crofton's Strathspey, 5 yrs, 6st 51b (101 b over) 1 1 Mr. Waring's Fortune Teller, aged, Bst 51b 111 r. Goldsworthy's Woodbury, 3 yrs, 7st 21b CHELMSFORD RACES—WEDNESDAY (CONCLUDED.) The Hunters' Stakes of 5 soya each, and 30 added. Heats, once round and a distance. (3 Subs.) Mr. Sparrow's Tincton, aged, 12st 71b Mr. Simpson's Douglas, 5 yrs, list 71b ... 2 2 Mr. Crook's b h by Muley Moloch, aged, 12st ... dis Won easy. READING RACES.LWEDNESDA.Y. The Ladies' Purse of 20 sovs., added to a Sweepstakes of 8 soys. each ; for three-year-olds, 7st 61b ; four, Bst 71b ; five, 9st ; six and aged 9st 31b. Mares, &c., allowed 31b. Winners once in 1846, 31b; twice, 51b, extra, &e. Win ner to be sold for 150 Boys. Heats, once round. Mr. Nicholl's Cameleopard, 4 yrs (Parr) 2 3 1 1 Mr. Treen's Wild Roe, 4 yrs Mr. Osbaldeston's Gazelle, 3 yrs ... 3l dr Mr. Parr's Icicle, 3 yrs The fo rR two-year-olds, N a y d o i - nf e ar.. ol Stakes ds, of 7st ls 3l so k v ; sous. eadcbt,hres three, , 9st;‘.i t h 4 fi 3e es ad d ded r anc t (Day) 1 • mrg.eFltinllgesesalTloawretadr,32lby. raStraight half-mile. Mr. Harroway's Baronet, 3 YTS 2 Mr. Thornhill 's Crown Jewei, 2 yrs • 3 Mr. Drinkald's Ohio, 3 yrs 4 Mr. Ramsbottom's cby Hetman Platoff—Miss Thomasine 5 The Bulmershe Court Stakes of 3 sox's. each, and 30 added, two yrs, sst 101 b ; three yrs, 7st 101 b ; four yrs, Bst 81b ; five yrs, 9st. Mares, &c., allowed 31b. Winner to be sold for 100 sus. Heats, three quarters of a mile. Mr. Death's Camelia, 3 yrs... (Wakefield) 1 3 1 Mr. Leigh's Correct Card, 4 yrs •—• 0 1 2 Mr. Parr's Eclat, 3 yrs .ir. S. Scott's Etona, 4 yrs Mr. Phillips' The Bard, 3 yrs Sweepstakes of 3 sovs. each, 1 ft, and 25 added, three quarters of a mile, were won by Mr. Osbaldeston's Secntor, 4 yrs, 7st 71b (Wakefield), beating Mr. Holloway's Baronet, three yrs, 7st 5 1 b ; Mr. Treacher a Glee, four yra, 7st 101 b ; and Mr. S. Scott's f, by Touchstone, out of Languish, four vrs, 51b. PEDESTRIANISM. JACQUES AND BRIAN'S WALKING MATCIL—The above mentioned pedestrians contested their six miles trial of speed yesterday on the road near Bedfont, on one measured mile. The speed of Brian in the first two miles was manifest, inas much as he headed his man beautifully by full 60 yards; at five miles his lead was considerably decreased, and on going up for the sixth and deciding mile, Jacques had so much diminished the space between them, that the race closed by Brian winning by half-a-yard, and none to spare. Thestake was 201. a side. DIALIATRATT AND PArrisitsox.—J. Mallatratt (of Mans field) and James Patterson (of London), run their one hundred yards race at Rugby, for 201. a side, on Tuesday. At starting the betting was level, and money was invested to a large amount. The start was from a single scratch. At eighty yards Mallatratt had a trifling lead, but at ninety yards the London man had reduced the difference so as to have a slight advantage; eventually Patterson came in first by a foot only, after an admirably contested struggle. ROBINSON AND LEE.—J. Robinson (of Hucknall) and T. Lee (of Arnold) also decided their race of 120 yards, for 25/. a-side, on the same ground. Much time was wasted in the choice of a referee, but eventually the men started by fall of handkcrchief. At the first fall Lee disputed the start, and another gentleman was selected to set them off. The betting was six to four on the Arnold runner, which was readily taken. For the first fifty yards Robinson led, but Lee gave his friends a transient gleam of hope by pulling foot in the next fifty yards, and getting so close to his man as to place the contest in doubt ; in the last twenty, however, Robinson got up the steam, and went in the winner by a couple of yards. Robinson has put forth a challenge to run any man • of his height (5 ft. 2 in.) for 251. to 501., distance 100 or 120 yards. PRINCESS'S THEATRE—MR. MASSINGHAN't BEN V T —The benefit of Mr. Massingham, the civil and attentive box book-keeper of the Princess's Theatre, takes place to morrow night, on which occasion Mr. Charles Mathgth ewstren and Madame Vestris will appear , supported by the whole s of the company, in some of e mat attrac tiv e dramas of th the season. But even were his bill o f fare lase excellent than it is, Mr. Maseinghasn's own waits ought to secure him a bumper. . 'ev.k