The Sun. — London, England, 1846-04-20 00:00:00

NATIONAL LAND AND BUILD ING ASSOCIATION. A meeting of the members and friends of this institution was held on Monday, in the coffee-room of the National Associa tion Hall, 2.t2, High Holborn, for the purpose of giving effect to the resolutions of the public meeting at which T. Wakley, Esq., presided, those resolutions having strongly recommended the measure to the adoption of the working-classes throuhout the metropolis and the provinces. As the best means of giving effect to the resolutions, it was then resolved—" That an Auxiliary Committee of fifty per sons be at once appointed, for the purpose of disseminating a knowledge of the institution in their respective localities." The Committee have since met, and reported favourably of the progress of their operations. Several letters were read from different parts of the country, expressing great interest in the institution and its proceedings, and a desire for its ex tension into the provinces. A letter was read from Stafford Allen, Esq., of Cowper-street, Finsbury, expressing his ad hesion, and manifesting his sincerity by a liberal subscription to the auxiliary fund. Th is gentleman is a wealthy member of the Society of Friends, and has been active in the Temperance movement, in the Peace Society, and other public measures of progressive improvement, rendering his adherence to the as sociation the more important. A letter was also read from the Hon. Member for Finsbury, T. Wakley, Esq., proving that his interest in the success of the measure was not limited to the assistance rendered at the pub lic meeting, for the letter intimated his intention of being pre sent " at the next meeting of the committee, being anxious to afford the undertaking every aid in his power." STATISTICS OF WIGGERY. During a most minute investigation of a regular series of English portraits, which I was led into by a friend, I was induced to look for the origin of wigs in England, and their various sorts and successions, by comme ncin g at the time of William the Conqueror. In this search I was not able to find any representation of wigs earlier than those worn by King Charles the Second upon his restoration,in proof of which I refer to Faithorne's numerous portraits of that Monarch, and he will find that fhat sort . isf wig confined ' to be worn, with very little dev . iation, by succeeding kings till George the Second's . time, with whom it ended. King George the . Third commenced his reign with wearing his own hair dressed and pow dered, in the style of Woollett's beautiful engraving of his Majesty, after a picture painted by Ramsey. It is wo rthy of observation , than in the reign of King Charles the Second, the Lord Mayors of London followed his Ma esty's example by wearing wigs precisely of the same make, and equal to those worn by the royal family, the highest coartier, and persons of the first eminence in official capacities. Nay, indeed, Sir Edmundbury Godfrey, a wood and coal-monger, wore wigs of this shape, perhaps because he was a justice of the peace within the King's Court. The same kind of wig, equally deep, but with curls rather looser and more tastefully flowing, was also worn by the following high literary characters in the reigns of Charles the Second, James the Second, William the Third, and Queen Anne — Waller, Dryden, Addison, Steele, Congreve, Vanbreugh, But ler, Rowe, Prior, Wycherly, &c. Of these, perhaps the two last mentioned were the most foppish in their wigs, particu larly Wycherlv, from whom the sets of large and beautifully engraren combs of the finest tortoiseshell are named. With these combs (which were carried in case s in their pockets) the wearers of wigs adjusted their curls, ruffled and entangled by the wind. I have somewhere read that Wycherly, who was esteemed one of the handsomest men of his day, was. frequently seen standing in the pit of the theatre combing and adjusting th e curls of his wig whilst in lolling c onversations with the first ladies of fashion in the boxes. Most of Sir Godfrey Kneller's portraits were painted in this flowing wig, particularly that celebrated series entitled " Queen Anne's Admirals." The actors of this time wore immense wigs, particularly Bullock, Pinkethman, &c. ; Cibber's was in moderation. It must here be observed that I now allude to their private wigs—their stage wigs were, as they are now, purposely caricatured to please the galleries. I believe that the first wig worn by an English divine was that of John Wallis, engraved by Burgers, and published at Oxford in the year 1699 ; it was profusely curled. but not so deep over the shoulders as those of statesmen. There were many singular, and indeed learned characters, whose wigs were peculiarly shaped — s uch, for instance, as that of Bubb Doddington, Lord Chesterfield, and the Duke of Newcastle. MacArdell's print of Lord Anson, after a picture by Sir Joshua Reynolds, was, I have every season to think, the first of the shape erroneously called the brushy. This sort Dr. Samuel Johnson, Armstrong, Hunter, the Rev. George Whitfield, Lord Monboddo, &c., wore in their latter years. The earliest engraved portraits of Dr. Johnson exhibit a wig with five rows of curls, com monly story wig.' Among the old dandies of this description of wig we may class Mr. Saunders Welch, Mr. Nolleken's father-in-law—he had nine stories. So was that worn by Mr. Nathaniel Hillier, an extensive print collector, as is represented in an engraved portrait of that gentleman. Dr. Goldsmith's wig was small and remarkably slovenly, as may be seen by Brotherton's etching. Sir Joshua's portrait of him is without a wig. Mr. Garrick's wigs (I mean his private ones) were three in number: the first is engraved by Wood, published in the year 17.15; the second is by Sherwin, engraved for Tom Davis; the last is from a private plate by Mrs. Solly, after a drawing by Dance. I will leave off here with the wig, and give a few instances of the tails. These, perhaps, originated with the Chinese; but the first specimen of a tail, which I have hitherto been able to procure, to which a date can be given, is in Sherwin's print of Frederick, King of Prussia. "—Smith's Book for a Rainy Day. ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAYS IN FRANCE.—(FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)—It is most probable that the French at mospheric lines will be constructed after the system of M. Hallette, of Arras. According to the report of M. Seguier, read at one of the last meetings of the Institute, it is, besides some other advantages, the method of closing the tube pro posed by M. Hallette which deserves commendation. The closing of the tube, whence the air has been extracted, is not done (as chiefly proposed in England) by greasedvalves, but by smaller tubes of caoutchouc, adequately inflated. These lie on both sides of the fissure of the main tube, and their inner segments close towards each other, which is effected by the air (both the outward and that contained in them) press ing on the vacuum of the main tube. M. Seguier says, that to become convinced of that, he had water thrown on the India-ruht,e, Lubco, hnwcwory , •OTTlAinpd nn them, without the least penetrating into the main tube. As, how ever, the content of air in the smaller tubes is to be a con stant one, every guard is to be provided with a small hand pump, by which he can introduce the necessary quantity of air into the elastic tubes, which is indicated by a manometer placed in the inside.—[We may add that M. Hallette's English friends, who some time since formed a company (the offices of which are at Winchester-house, Broad-street, Lon don) for introducing his system into this country, have taken a plot of ground at the Rosemary Branch, Peckham, on which they are constructing a sufficient length of railway, to enable those interested in the advancement of the railway system, to form an opinion of the merits of his improvements ; and, we understand, this experimental line will be opened on the 22d of the present month.] —Mining Journal. COMMITTAL OF A YOUNG BURGLAR.—A boy, about thirteen years of age, named John Kearns, was brought be fore Mr. Maude, at the Manchester Borough Court, on Satur day, charged with the following burglary :—The prosecntrix, an aged widow, named Winifred arrol, residing in Watkin's-eourt, Spinning-field, stated that herself, and a young woman who lodged with her, went to bed about half past eleven o'clock on Thursday night, having previously secured the door and window-shutters before they retired to rest. On rising next morning, about half-past four o'clock, she heard a knock at the door, and on going to see who it was, a man gave her two pockets, which he had found outside, and asked her if they belonged to her. She at once recognised them as the pockets of her self and lodger, and found that the contents had been abstracted, somewhere about eight shillings having been taken from her own pocket, and a quantity of ribbon and other articles from the pocket of her lodger. She dis covered, on examination, that the shutter had been forced open, and access gained to the house through the windows. She informed the police of the robbery, and told them that she suspected the prisoner, who had lodged with her about a fortnight ago, but bad been turned out in consequence of having stolen two handkerchiefs. The prisoner was appre hended the following day (Good Friday), at a low lodging house, and several small articles were found upon him, which had been stolen from the house of the prosecutrix. The keeper of the lodging-house stated that the prisoner was out all night on the evening of the robbery, and did not make his appearance until between four and live o'clock in the morning, when he was in possession of money, and paid for his previous night's lodging. He was committed for trial at the assizes—Manchester Courier. MINIATURE NEWSPAPER —We have seen a copy of what we believe to be the smallest newspaper in the country. It is named the Pittenwcem Register, and consists of a si.!gle slip about thirteen inches long, and of the breadth of a news paper colum, containing ten small paragraphs connected with the locality in which it is printed. The object of the pub lication is to furnish the inhabitants of Pittenweem and its vicinity with a brief account of the various incidents that occur in the district, for the purpose of transmitting these to friends or natives of the town who may be residing at a dis tance, without the labour of writing them in detail in a letter. It is published weekly, and has now been in existence for more than a year.— Scotsman. ST. CLEMENT DANES.—At three o'clock on Friday a meeting of ratepayers was held in the vestry-room of St. Clement Danes, the Rev. W. W. E llis, h rector, in the chair, to elect churchwardens, pass the churchwarde ns' accounts, and to make a rate for the quarter e c ns u u r i and Woodward were elected churchwardens. e ' s r s t r i es. Judkins church wardens' receipts were 1,269/. ss. 3d., and their disburse ments figured 1,149/. 15s. sd. A. sevenpenny rate for the quarter was carried. Mr. Jacquet observed, that the com plaints regarding the state of the parish churchyards, and the numbers buried in them, were groundless, and made by parties who knew nothing about them. TRADE OF DUNDEE.—We have only to confirm our last report of the state of our trade. The flax market is steads - , oniv lim Tows and codillas continue saleable at full rates. East India jute meets with buyers at former rates, ranging from 16/. to 19/. per ton, according to the quality of the parcel. Yarns and linens are still of dull sale, and stocks of some sorts are accumulating. The arrivals consist of one vessel from Altona i and one from Rotterdam, with flax and tow , and codii a.— Dundee paper. The Censeur de Lyon of the 14th say;:—" Yesterday evening, at the Grand Theatre, a part of the audience called for the Marseillaise.' The commissary of police imme diately girt himself with his scarf. and said, What gen tlemen, is the enemy at our gates?' A Homeric laugh im mediately filled the house. The magistrate, upon this, had the good sense to promise that the Marseillaise' should be sung at the end of the performance, which was accordingly done." HIGH PRICE OF CATTLE AND SHEEP.—The prices which farm stock have brought at all the markets this year far exceeds the average of many precdding years; and, in deed, as regards fat sheep, the rates are wholly unprece dented. No doubt, to some extent, the higher wages for labour now current will account for so much of the rise as has been caused from the increased demand; but we under stand that other causes have occurred in producing . the pre sent state of the market. The chief want in cattle is in two and three year olds, which are those usually bought for fat tening for the market; and there is a great dificiency supply of these, owing to the panic caused by the tariff three years ago, whi c h h a d t h e e ff ect o f c h ec ki ng the operations of many stock growers. As regards sheep, the high price is generally attributed to the great demand for England, con sequent upon the excessive losses from foot rot in many dis tricts last year. At late markets the supply has uniformly been under that of the previous rear, owing to the large sales of the six quarters and two year Olds last autumn ; and to make up stocks adequate to the demand is attributed the rise in rents of pastures of all kinds this year.—Perthshire Courier. THE MAN WHO WOULD HAVE TAKES NELSON.—III the Chamber of Deputies on Tuesday, during the debate on the naval estimates, M. Lemercier announced th e f o ll ow i ng startling fact, which will probably be as new to the British public as it was to the French chamber. The orator said, "May I be allowed to relate a fact which is not sufficiently well known? When Captain Lucas was boarded by the Victory, and taken by it, the tri-coloured flag would have floated over Nelson's ship, if a three-decker, called the Bretagne, had net come to assist the Victory." To have made the matter complete, Captain Lucas ought to have served the Bretagne as he intended to serve Nelson. THE SITN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 2O, 1846. LAW INTELLIGEN CE COURT OF EXCHEQUER, April 18. (Sittings in Banco.) WHALLEY C. DAVISON'. Mr. BAINES in this case moved, on the part of the plaintiff, for a rule nisi, in order that the verdict which had been ob tained at the late assizes at York, before Mr. Justice Cole ridge, should be set aside, and entered for plaintiff, with such damages as the Court might allow. The action was one for the recovery of the amount of shares in the Leeds and Thirsk Railway, which had been bargained for and sold by the plaintiff to defendant. The only plea was non-assnmpsit. The defence set up by the defendant at the trial was, that he was only acting as an agent, that the shares were not purchased on his own account, and that therefore he 7 - as not liable. On the 27th of September last the applica itnionthewaLsoemdeadeeedby ndThirsdekfeßaailnwtayfofrorontheehueonodorunedt of f a t r h e e s 15th October following. On the 2d October following the receipt of the note the plaintiff wrote a letter to defendant, to know who the person was for whom the shares were. The defendant, in reply to that, declined to give the name of the party who had instructed him to give the order, but said he would take the tisk upon himself, and gave the name of his father as the purchaser, and engaged to pay the cost of the transfer. Another letter was written by plaintiff on the 11th October, demanding the name of the purchaser. To that letter no answer whatever was returned. The 15th of October came, the day on which the purchase was to be completed, but it was not till ten days after, on the 25th October, that the actual purchaser was given, when the de fendant gave the name of Frederick Tuttall. On inquiring of Mr. Tuttall, the plaintiff ascertained that the defendant had sent a note to Mr. Tuttall very different from the sold note to plaintiffs. The 15th of October was named as the day for the account with plaintiff, but no time at all was specified in the note by defendant to Mr. Tuttall. On the 11th of November a witness was called at the trial, wile proved that he went along with plaintiff to defendant, when the latter offered to pay for the shares of plaintiff. He then left the shares with him, which the plaintiff did not think proper to do. Under these circumstances the Learned Counsel submitted that the defendant had made him• self liable for the shares; first, because he refused to give the name of the actual buyer, though repeatedly re quired to do so. In proof of which he quoted Justice Story on agency, sections 267 and 288, where it is stated distinctly that where the agent refuses to disclose the name of the principal for whom he professes to act, he has a right to be treated as the principal himself. The present case was exactly analagous, as the defendant refused to give the name ofthe principal, though repeatedly called upon to do so ; and secondly, by his letter of the 2d of October he offered to take the responsibility on himself, and did not give any name till ten days afterwards, on the 15th of October, the day on which the account was to be finally settled, and when plaintiff could have no claim whatever on Tuttall. Under these circumstances, he submitted that the Court could have no objection to his motion. Rule granted. The remainder of the day was occupied in hearing motions. (Sittings at Nisi Prius, before Mr. Baron ALDERSON and Common Juries.) WOODROFFE v. MARNHAM. This was an action of trespass to recover compensation in damages for false imprisonment. The defendant put several pleas on the record. Mr. Jarvis, with whom was Mr. Noggins, conducted the case for the plaintiff, and Mr. Humfrey and Mr. Gray appeared for the defendant. Mr. JERVIS, in stating the case, said that this was an action brought by the plaintiff, who carried on the busi ness of clothier and hatter, whilst the defendant, who had been extensively engaged in the coal trade, was a retired gentleman of fortune. It would appear that the plaintiff had been a debtor of the defendant, and that there was the small amount of about 11. 12s. remaining unpaid two years since, when the latter sued him in the County Court in Kingsgate-street, Holborn, for debt and costs, together making 21. ls. 71d. Upon the plaintiff appearing at that Court, an arrangement was made by which the demand was to be liquidated by instalments , These payments were duly made until the total had been reduced to 18s. 30, which ought strictly to have been paid off by the 10th May, 1844. That not having been done, on the 28th of May an execution was issued from the Court for IL Is. 7, 1 1 -d e including the cost of the warrant, 3s. 4d. This warrant was obtained at about eleven o'clock on the morning of the 29th of May, but it happened that at twenty minutes before nine o'clock of that day the plaintiff called and paid the 19s. aid. to the sister of the collector or agent of the defendant. The debt and all the costs had thus been paid, but in consequence of the warrant on the execution having been obtained, there was the cost of that proceeding, 3s. 4d., still unsatisfied. Accordingly the plaintiff was taken in execution on the 29th, the following day, for that sum. He was arrested at Paddington, and was in custody about two hours, when, by the advice of his solicitor, he paid the 3s. 4d. to the officer under protest, whereupon he was released. The jury, no doubt, had heard much about cheap law, and the outcry which had been constantly raised for the general establishment of county courts, as the means by which that cheap law was to be obtained. Let him beseech the jury, should they have any peti tion brought to them for their signature, to bear in mind this case. And if there were an illustration of the system which would more clearly bear out what cheap law was, it would be found in Mr. Dickens's " Pickwick," as practised in the office of Dobson and Fogg. It was there related that a then poor, but honest person, ground down to the lowest grade of poverty. had been sued by that celebrated firm for a paltry sum. After having parted with every article of necessary or comfort of life, the poor debtor had gone to Dobson and Fogg's office with just sufficient money to cover the ex isting demand, inclusive of costs, but upon arriving there and tendering the amount, he was, after a few minutes of delay and consideration, informed that de claration had been filed, and that there was a further charge for costs in consequence. The poor debtor was arrecutl, ..“(1 uaerwaids the head Ot the orrice wid thp clerk to go and file the declaration, observing that the imprisonment would do the debtor good, for he hat; been a wild and extravagant man in his early days. Such was one of the benefits of cheap law, in which branch of the profession few if any men practised who were under the least responsibility. Following up this rule of cheap law practice, the agent of the defendant, althongh the money had been paid into the hands of his sister, took out execution for the 3s. 4d., and it was for the arrest for that amount that compensation was now sought. - Brown, the clerk of the County Court, was then examined, and proved that the warrant had been taken out on the 28th of May, and given to the officer for execution on the following day ; but that it was most probable not until eleven o'clock on the day that it had been taken out, because upon a reference to the books, he found out there had been twenty-five others taken out before it. By Mr. Baron ALDERSON-He saw that there had been fifty-four other executions entered as taken out on that day, and eighty-four in that week. In the course of the year there had been about 5,000 taken cut, and all for small sums. Some time since there had been an alteration in the law, and then the business of the court had very considerably diminished, bet upon a subse quent alteration, which renewed the power of arrest to the court, it had again increased. Mr. JERVIS-Yes, my Lord, that is so ; when the power of arrest was abolished all the officers and clerks of these courts received a handsome compensation, and since another Bill has been brought in restoring the power of arrest, and the system is now being carried out more extensively than ever. Examination by the Coiner resumed-Before the warrant was sent out of the office some ore, as the re• presentative of the defendant, the then plaintiff, carne, and by his instructions he struck out the whole of the debt and costs for which the present plaintiff was to be taken in execution; thus leaving the amount of the claim against him the cost of the warrant-namely, 3s. 4d., for which sum he was eventually taken. Mr. Baron ALDERSON-Then the truth is, that if the warrant had not been taken out, there would have been no debt against the plaintiff ? Witness-Just so, my Lord. Mr. Baron ALDERSON-That is what has struck me upon your evidence. Gentlemen of the Jury, it is a most serious thing that every man in London should be liable to such a course of' proceeding as this. Examination resumed-When the application was made for the warrant, the debt remaining due was 11. 12s. 11d. ; then to that was added ss. 4d. for costs, and also the 3s. 4d. for the warrant, making together the sum of 21. Is. 74-d. Then he had struck off 1/. as having been paid, leaving a balance of IL 12. lid. The plain tiff, however, before the execution of the warrant, paid 18s. 313., leaving the cost of the warrant, 3e. 4d., and for that he was arrested. Mr. Boron ALDERSON-Then it would be to the ad vantage of the officers of the Court that the warrant should be taken out? Witness-No doubt it would, for in truth they have nothing else to live upon. Other witnesses were then called, who proved the payment of the money at least twenty minutes before nine o'clock on the morning on which the execution of the warrant was applied for at eleven o'clock. It was a dt l iel s fe o eop p da r ya o om y t e e, d enat in goei c n r tt o l s e s w - cross-examination don that the collector, the n a n t w the t- tin; time h - i - S ' obtaining ‘s the execution. Steely, the officer, who had executed the warrant, hstatedthe d tht Courtoal t dt w hh h ei m e s n utm t h h a e defendantwtwould tihde b weowould lobjecteddreturned make to to an h him m a p y the pirfihe his 3s. stion 4 t d o . state ment were correct. The plaintiff, however, took him to his solicitors, by whose advice he paid the sum under protest. Mr. ITITMFREY, on behalf of the defendant, submitted that this proceeding had arisen out of an nnintentional mistake on the part of a man who had long since died, who had acted as the agent of the defendant. The latter had had no cognizance of any part of the proceedings. The question of the jury would be, whether, at the time that the agent had quitted his home, he had done so with the intention of issuing the warrant of execution. Mr. Baron ALDERSON said that the evidence went to prove that be had not. . n remarks gout 0 his isthLee arnedFrtinr.dffhatrd3lFLEdYeaag.:L;oedthweitehivaillla t r h i arising prac tice of these email courts, but then be was inclined to be of opinion that neither his Learned Friend nor him self should complain of them, seeing that through one of their mel-practices the present case, although 33. 4d. was the real origin of the proceeding, had come into their hands. -(Laughter.) They could net practice in the small court, and therefore these evils arose; where upon, in order to correct them, the parties were com pelle d to appeal to that Court, and the personal aid of his Learned Friend and himself.-(Renewed laughter.) It was a matter for regret, however, that this action should have been brought, because its cost, in any way, must be fifty or sixty times the 3s. 4d. He could not help regarding the case as an attorney's action. Only see what a fine bill of costs there would be. It would open thus:-" To advising you whether or not you should pay the 3s. 4d., under protest, 6s. Bd. There was double the sum in dispute."-(Laughter.) Then that would be thus followed up-" To giving deeper and longer consideration to the matter, and ad vising you to pay the 3s. 4d., under protest 13s. 4d." There went a pound at once-(Continued laughter)- " Upon hearing that you would rcceive back the money if you applied at the County Court in a week, and on , HONOURS to GENERAL GILBERT. PUBLIC DINNER AT BODMIN. The friends of General Sir `,l". R. Gilbert dined at Oliver's Hotel, on Wednesday, to celebrate the victories in India, in which their gallant townsman bore so conspicuous a part. The Mayor, J. B. Collins, Esq., was in the chair, and was supported by Sir S. T. Spry, M.P., T. J. A. Robartes, Esq., N. Keneall, Esq., Colman iashleigh, Esq., Captain Hext, RN., and upwards of sixty of the principal inhabitants of the town. A public meeting bad been previously held by General Gilbert's fellow-townsmen of Bodmin, at which an address of congratulation to the General was unanimously agreed to. The General's two aides-de-camp at _Sobraon, Lieutenants Gilbert and Wreford, are likewise natives of Bodmin. The West Briton, from which we have abridged the above, gives the following instance of the coolness of Lieutenant Wreford at Sobraon :—" A letter from Lieutenant Wreford states, that after being blown up by one of the mines, on coming to him self he found eighteen men of his company lying dead by his side, and so,' he coolly continues, 'I got up and shook myself, and followed the General (Gilbert) wherever he went.' " It was proposed, and the proposition was received with enthusiastic cheering, to start General Gilbert as a candidate for the representation of Bodmin on the first vacancy. THE ARMY. The veterinary surgeon and adjutant of the 10th Hussars will arrive in India before their regiment, in order that the required number of horses may be prepared for use. Lieut. Saurin Richards, of her Majesty's 62d Regiment, and previously of the 29th Regiment , after escaping the ravages of war, fell a victim to that insidious disease, small-pox, and expired on the 9th of February, at Ferozepore, deeply re gretted by his brother companions in arms. He was but nineteen years of age, and was the son of the Rev. E. Richards, of Clonallin, county of Down. Captain de Blaquiere, late of the 3d West India Regiment, has been appointed adjutant of the Limerick County Regi ment of Militia. The 11th Hussars will leave Dublin on the 27th instant. • NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. TIIE EXPERIMENTAL SQUADRONS. PORTSMOUTH, FRIDAY.—We are informed that Commo dore Sir Francis Collier, K.C.8., Superintendent of Wool wich Dockyard, has received his appointment to command the squadron of line-of-battle ships in the forthcoming cruise, and that Captain Sir James John Gordon Bremer (1814), K.C.8., K.C.H., will hoist a commodore's broad pendant, and take the command of the steam squadron. It is certainly high time a revision of the navy list tosk place, in order to define who are capable and who are incapable of serving their country longer, when we see an officer taken from his com mand of an important arsenal and put in command of a fleet, from which it would be but reasonable to infer that Commo dore Collier is the only officer upon the navy list, contain ing upwards of 150 flag-officers, capable of taking the tem porary command of a squadron for a cruise of exercise. Where the necessity can exist for maintaining 150 admirals at the country's expense after this we cannot imagine. It would seem, too, that while experimental squadrons increase in power they decrease in importance, as here tofore a rear-admiral has had the command, but now a commodore is deemed an officer sufficiently important to fulfil the onerous task. We do not make these remarks in disparagement of Commodore Collier's qualifications to per form all the duties demanded of him in his official capacity ; we know him to be well qualified in every respect for the post conferred upon him, but we object to the appointment as inconsistent, and as an affront to every other active flag officer upon the Navy List. Commodore Collier is already in possession of a lucrative and distinguished appointment as superintendent of Woolwich dockyard. Why, then should he be taken away from that to go to sea, when there are so many other deserving men to whom the appointment of com mander-in-chief of the experimental squadron would be not only a just compliment and tribute to their acknowledged talents and efficiency, but also a welcome pecuniary boon ? We know that precedent may be urged in favour of Commo dere Collier's appointment (to wit—Rear-Admirals Pym and Parker were taken away from their respective dockyard com mands last summer to go to sea with the experimental squadron of 1841), but that will not answer the charge of inconsistency. In fact, it renders its truth more apparent, as we well know Rear-Admiral Parker was confined to his cabin with gout nearly the whole time he was in the St. Vincent, and his successor reported the best ship of the squadron as " leewardly and crank !" With the appoint ment of Captain Sir J. J. G. Bremer we are sure every one would be perfectly satisfied. He commanded the Bermuda and Royalist in 1812-13, and captured several privateers, and was actively employed on the north coast of Spain, particu larly at the defence of Castro. In the latter sloop, in com pany with the Scylla, he fought the French frigate Weser, of 40 guns. He was also Commander-in -Chief with a broad pendant, in the Wellesley, in the operations on the coast of China, including the capture of the Bogue forts and Canton in 1841. Captain Sir Richard Grant, of the St. - Vincent, 120, was sent for by electric telegraph yesterday to attend at the Ad miralty this morning. The Retribution steam-frigate has landed all her guns, and about 400 tons of dead weight, in order to lighten her sufficiently for floating over the coping stones at the entrance to the basin to get her into dock. Her rudder, too, has been unshipped, as her length would otherwise have prevented her getting in. Having made every preparation she hauled off from the jetty last evening alongside the Blake hulk, to await a favourable tide. The Contest new 12-gun brig was taken out of dock yes terday, coppered. The Nautilus, 10, Lieutenant-Commander Macdonnel sailed this morning to resume her station off the Sussex coast to protect the fisheries. The Lively navy-lighter shipped the effects of Captain Moubray, late of the Victory, yesterday, and sailed with them for Greenwich this morning. The Comet steam-vessel, Lieutenant- Commander Prety- man, left yesterday morning for Plymouth, taking supernu meraries, and the dispatches, parcels, letters, and supernume raries which had been previously put on board the Electra 14, Commander Maitland, for the coast of Africa squadron, which she transfers to the Wanderer, 12, at Plymouth, the destination of the Electra having been changed from the coast of Africa to the Pacific station. The Eagle, 50, Captain Martin, was at Monte Video on the 3d of January. Movements uncertain. the peedwell at the capture o grPAtIY who was midshipman of supl u o t : n fZ i e l , inti:VV r e P st ( ln tt die L) s, in 1831, is appointed to the Belleisle troop ship at Devonport. The Rodney, 92, Captain Collier, C. 13., embarked her marines yesterday morning. She has since taken on board her powder, &c., and is ready for sea. The Childers, 14, Commander Pitman, is nearly ready for sea, and will go out to Spithead in a few days. The Apollo troop ship, Commander Radcliffe, is ordered to be ready for sea by Monday. The Mercury tender returned from Plymouth on Wednes day, and the Rochester navy lighter sailed for that port on the same daY with victualling stores. The Eurydice, 26, Captain Elliot, was paid off yesterday. She is expected to be recommissioned to join the experi mental squadron. STATE OF TRADE. FOREIGN WOOL TRADE, LEEDS, Amur, 17.—There has been no apparent change in this branch of trade during the past week, either as regards sales or prices. LEEDS.—At the Cloth halls this week there has been two of the dullest markets we have had for a long time past. The merchants continue to purchase as little as possible to order only ; prices are rather lower upon finergoods, although the stocks are exceedingly light for the season, with no dis position on the part of the manufacturers to increase the pro- duction. There has also been a very dull week for business in the warehouses; very few buyers have been at market, and their purchases have been light. BRADFORD MARKET, THURSDAY.—There were more sales in combing wools to-day than for s ome wee k s p as t. The staplers are now desirous of clearing off their old stocks for the new clip stock , and lower prices are taken. Nulls and other short wools are scarce, and fetch good prices. There is also more business transacted in the yarn market. The expo rt houses are obliged to order the sorts they want, as there are no stocks to choose from. A well informed gentle man informed us the Russian export trade in yarns has very much fallen off on account of the Russians having got so many spinning frames at work. More frames are row em ployed than for the last few weeks in Bradford. We may observe that in all its departments our market assumed more cheering aspect. T here was a good attendance of mer chants, and many pieces changed hands. MANCIIRSTER, THURSDAY EVENING.—We have had a much better inquiry to ;in fact, many more extensive sales in shirtings than for some weeks past, and the demand has been so considerable as to enable the manufacturers to realise a small advance on nearly all qualities. The very low prices have no doubt induced speculators to operate most extensively. Printing cloth is also fully as dear. Twist commands from to d. per lb. advance on export qualities, but as the advance on the staple is fully as much, the posi tion of the spinners is not improved. Norrismitast.—The wrought cotton hose branch is a shade improved, when compared with its state at Christmas. The cut-up hose hands have full employment in general. The glove trade, whether of silk, cotton, or warp, is pretty good. The drawer branch is rather better, and the shirt trade still continues to survive all the competition of power-propelled frames. The silk hose manufacture has got so low that it has become half extinct. The fancy lace trade is worse than ever, and nothing but despair pervades the minds of even the most sanguine machine owners. There is no amendment in the warp lace trade. The warp jack and glove trade is pretty good, whether lace or plain Berlin.—Nottingham Review. LEICESTER.—As this isholiday week, nothing has been done to give a new tone to the market, which remains is the same inactive eat, as 1:11- wee ks D ist. It is expected that Sir Robert Peel's measure relative to the proposed railway com panies, will have the effect of improving the money market, thereby producing to some extent a revival in the home trade. The American President's Message to the Senate, re. ceived by the Hibernia, is viewed in a dubious light by the trade, and rather tends to discourage than excite manufac turers for the American mai ket. Wools and yarns continr ,t very flat.—Leicester Journal. ` v F—^e.—l• - the M _ . RIJITS OF LOUGHBOROUGH JUSTICE.—In le ..er cury of March 28, we inserted, in our Loughborough Petty Sessions Report, a paragraph headed " Can this be true ?" It related to the case of James Jarvis, aged 75, who was charged by the officers of the Barrow Union as a refractory pauper, because he refused to work at the pump—and who was committed to the House of Correction to hard labour for twenty-one days—the Bench acting, in so committing him, upon the faith of the medical officer's certificate that Jarvis was able to work, although the old man himself declared that the work did him harm. Well, the old man was sent to the House of Correction, where we have no doubt he was treated with far more mercy than the reverend magistrates (Messrs. Dudley and Ackworth) evinced when they coolly signed his commitment. We believe, too—but are not certain on this point—that the hard labour was not enforced by the prison authorities, in the usual sense of that phrase. But be that as it may, this last Thursday morning witnessed the termina tion of his imprisonment; but it also found him prepared for that last abode " where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest." The old man died that very morn ing, the immediate cause of his decease, we understand, being erysipelas. How far this disease was the consequence of his imprisonment, change of air, and natural irritation of mind at finding himself inside a prison—perhaps for the first time in his life—we pretend not to say.—Leicestershire Mercury. TEMPERANCE HOTELS.—We hear that in some of these establishments the practice of gambling is carried on and continued till a ft er midnight, and that a case of this kind occurred on Monday night last, at a Temperance Co ffee House in B r i ggate, kept by a person of the name of Foster, where the attention of the police was attracted by the shaking of dice, at two o'clock in the morning of Tuesday. On entering the house, a scene was exhibited which would have disgraced the worst conducted public-house or beer shop. No fewer than eleven men of the working class were engaged in playing at different games of hazard with money on the table and under all the excitation of gamesters. We do not adduce this as a specimen of the way in which temperance hotels are generally conducted, but rather to prove that very vicious practices are sometimes combined with very good names, and we have reason to believe that this is by no means a singular ease.—Leeds krrcury. MOM consideration advising you not to make the application at that court 13s. 4d.;" and then " to advising you to bring the present action in the Court of Exchequer 13a. ,td."—(R :ars of laughter)—and so on. That would be the result of the proceeding, and deeply was it to be lamented that such things were. As far as the de. fendaut was concerned, he knew nothing about the affair. It was quite clear that a mistake bad been made, and therefore he submitted that the smallest of damages would be an ample compensation. Mr. Baron ALDERSON toi.d the jury the plaintiff any way was entitled to the 3s. 4d., and then they must say what sum he ought to have for the mistake that had been made. The jury. after a long consultation, returned a verdict for the plaintiff—fir the 3s. 4d., and one farthing for the damages sustained. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. Mr. Robson, the solicitor to the Admiralty, appeared before the Lord Mayor, on Saturday, to prosecute two seamen for the violation of 7 and S Viet., c. 112, com monly called the Merchant Seamen's Act, in committing frauds. These were the first cases which were ever brought before the chief magistrate, and a great deal of interest was excited. Edward Jackson, a young fellow, was the first charged under the Act, the violation of which was calculated, ac cording to Mr. Robson's representation, to occasion a vast deal of mischief to the merchant seamen's service. In many instances frauds, had been committed by per sons who had applied for register tickets, and who made away with the money advanced to them, to the great prejudice of those who had engaged them, relying upon the truth of the representations made by the appli cants. In all such cases it was the determination of the Board of Admiralty to prosecute. Mr. E. H. R. Coleman, clerk to the General Register and Record Office of Seamen, in the Office of the Port of London, No. 2, Hamet-street, Minories, stated that it was part of his duty to record the tickets transmitted to the out-ports. These tickets were kept in the office. When a seaman was registered at one of the out-ports a duplicate of the ticket was required to be sent up to the head office, where it was registered. The ticket pro duced was forwarded by witness to Hull for the purpose of being registered. It was numbered 219,017, and was issued to Edward Jackson, at Hull, on the 21st of March, 1846. It was returned about the 30th to the office in London. Witness knew the prisoner as Edward Jackson, who applied on the 9th of April for a ticket, and again on the llth at the office in Hamet-street, and was desired to call on the 13th, which he accordingly did, and received the ticket numbered 328,825, and dated the 13th of August, 1846. The original and the duplicate corresponded exactly. Mr. Charles Stone, a clerk in the same office, stated that he remembered the prisoner's application for the re gistered ticket, and that the necessary questions were put to him upon the occasion. The answers were taken in writing by the witness. The prisoner, in answer to the question whether he had ever been registered before, replied " No." It was necessary for the applicants to sign the original and the duplicate; and in the original and the duplicate the sig nature was exactly the same. A shipping agent for the Sailors' Home, in Well street, stated that he shipped the prisoner on board the Scotia, Captain Strickland, in April. The prisoner had a registered ticket with him, numbered 219,017. Wit ness did not ask him where he got the ticket. The ticket produced was the same number, and signed with the same name, and tilled up in the same way. The prisoner signed the articles, and got an advance of wages, but never joined the vessel at all. The prisoner said he had no defence to make, and he was committed to New-gate. The next case was that of Joseph Porter, alias J. Potter. Mr. Coleman, of the General Register and Record office of Seamen, stated that the prisoner applis d for a register ticket, and the ticket numbered 31,671, was issued on the 24th of July to him, in the name of J. Porter. The original ticket and the regular ticket were issued under the provisions of the Merchant Seamen's Act. On the 9th of April the prisoner applied for a register ticket, as a first ticket; and afterwards applied on the 11th, in the name of Joseph Edmund Potter. The ticket 'silted to him was numbered 328,893. The first ticket was returned to the office as having been the number of a deserter from the ship Wilson. The sig natures to the two tickets were the same in every re spect, with the exception of the spelling of the names of Potter and Porter. By the change of names the prisoner had escaped detection. Mr. Stone, at the same office, stated that the neces sary answers had been taken in writing to questions asked before the issue of the tickets ; and the prisoner had, in answer to the question whether he had been ever registered before, replied in the negative. Mr. Joseph Jones, assistant shipping agent, stated that he shipped the prisoner on board the Wilson, on the 9th of April. The prisoner had then a registered ticket, No. 31,671, and was so registered according to the regulations. The prisoner was then committed to Newgate. The offence has been of late one of very frequent occur rence. The registered ticket has been considered suf ficient to justify the giving of an advance note, for which the delinquent receives money, after which he runs off to play the same sort of game. GUILDHALL. On Saturday the several summonses that have been issued against Mr. J. Barber, as solicitor of the Metro politan Railways' Junction Company, and Mr. T. R. Kemp, one of the provisional committee men, were, after several hearings, decided upon by Mr. Alderman rharcres were preferred Gibbs and 61r r. by Mr. G. Jones, the chairman of the acting committee of shareholders—viz., those against Mr. Barber being, that he, as solicitor of the company, did fail in register ing, in accordance with the 7th and Bth of Vic., a list of the subscribers' names and a copy of the allotment letter, and against Mr. T. R. Kemp for signing his name as a director to the company's scrip, without holding a share in the undertaking. The evidence in support of the information was taken at some length on the 4th inst., and the magistrates withheld their decision until this day, in order to consult the City law-officer. That being known, much curiosity was manifested to learn the result, and the court was filled by many interested parties. At half-past two Mr. Alderman Gibbs and Sir Peter Laurie came upon the Bench, and had evidently taken great pains in arriving at a decision in strict accordance with the Act. Mr. Alderman GIBBS, in very brief terms, remarked that, as regarded the summons against Mr. Kemp, and that against Mr. Barber for not registering the allot ment letter, they considered had not been proved ; but, in respect to the summons for the non-registering of the subscribers' list, they were of opinion that the Act clearly specified the registering of such a list, and as the defendant had not complied, they convicted him in the penalty of 101. Mr. Wire, who appeared for Messrs. Barber and Kemp, then gave notice of appeal. Ile believed the re sult was contrary to the terms of the Act ; and he thought he could, with the greatest confidence, state that scarcely a new projected railway company had registered a subscribers' list. Sir P. LAURIE replied that they had taken much pains in arriving at a just decision. They had had good legal assistance, and therefore the conviction of the de fendant must be confirmed by them. CROYDON. On Saturday, the Croydon Railway Company were summoned under their Act of Parliament for running an engine connected with the atino,pheric apparatus employed upon the said railway, which engine was not made upon the principle of consuming its own smoke, and for which illegal neglect the company had incurred a penalty of 51 per day for every day upon which such engine was used. Mr. Bodkin appeared for the company, and Mr. Lund attended to support the complainants. There were twelve separate summonses against the company for as many different days when, it was alleged, the " smoke" nui sance had been created. Mr. Lund simply alluded, in opening the case, to the terms of the Act of Parliament applicable to the case, and called Mr. R. L. Peacock, who stated that he resided at Nor wood, near the engine station used for the purpose of exhausting the air-tubes upon the Atmospheric line, and he had frequently observed smoke arising from the chim ney. He did so on the lath and 14th. and several other days in February. Mr. Peacock, in cross-examination by Mr. Bodkin, said he was not well acquainted with the nature of ma chinery of this description, and although he had seen the engine in question on several occasions, he could not say whether it was constructed upon the principle of consuming its own smoke. Mr_ said this isaisale of axe complainant. Mr. Bodkin urged the magistrates to hear in mind, that all the company were required to do was to use en gines constructed upon the principle of consuming their own smoke, and there was not the slightest proof that they had not done so. The company, he should shot the magistrates, had adopted every improvement to effect this object, and if any effectual method could be shown whereby it might be attained they would readily erabesitiesetlpaadobtn, establish ment provedhtts l hha i e et. adopt it. temt himmea M intent r teh . anetlt' engine engineers,enh l gelna eot constructed,tfi enr t seci e nuwf dae fi ars ratoami of 1845, tnblosewfnasMse, scientificxam aa u nma d dd s ike l n e tneh y aodat: that h an iet n d e d i d gw r r te p,rao and dd this method bad ibnetreond adopted Y subject then went, upon the principle of consuming its b b own smoke. Mr. Field added, that since th a t period gentlemanther there had been an i named Gotte, the company. James Pearson, the superintendent of the engine de partment at the Norwood station, was also examined, and he proved that the company had endeavoured by every means in their power to effect the consumption of the smoke from the engine, and that they had adopted the most recent improvement, which was at this moment beinee carried out, to effect that object. Mr. Lund replied. The CHAIRMAN, after a short consultation with his colleagues, said that the Bench were of opinion, that all the company were required to do, was to use engines constructed upon the principle of consuming their own smoke, and that they had done all in their power to effect that object. They therefore dismissed the summons. The other summonses, as they nearly involved the same question, were of course withdrawn. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE, OXFORD, APRIL 17.-- This morning Mr. Arthur De Butts, 8.A., of Trinity College; Mr. Edward Post', 8.A., of Oriel College; and Mr. John William Burgon, 8.A., of Worcester College (the latter gcted en tleman obtai n ed the Newdegate prize last year), were ele to the vacant fellowships at Oriel College, two of which were caused by the secession from the Church of England of the Rev. John Henry Newman and Mr. Albany James Christie. COURT CIRCULAR, - WINDSOR, SUNDAY. —Yesterday morning the Queen and Prince Albert took their early morning walk in the precincts of the Casa,. Prince Albert took equestrian exercise yesterday forenoon. Lieutenant-Colonel Seymour was in attend ance on his Royal Highness. The Prince drove her Majesty out in a pony phaeton in the afternoon. The Hon. Colonel Grey and Lieut.- Colonel Seymour attended on horseback. Viscount Sydney was also in attendance on horseback. In another carriage were the Marchioness of Douro, the Countess Howe, and the Hon. Amelia Murray. The Royal Family took their usual walking and pony exercise in the morning, and in the afternoon had a car- riage airing. His Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Meinit.gen and Sir Andrew Barnard left the Castle yes terday. Sir Robert and Lady Peel, Viscount Canning, and the Rev. Henry Liddell, arrived at the Castle on a visit yes terday. The royal dinner party yesterday included her Ma jesty the Queen Dowager, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, his Senile Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, the Lady in Waling on the Duchess of Kent, the Earl and Countess Howe, the Baroness de Speth, Viscount Canning, Sir Robert and Lady Peel, Sir David Davies, and the Rev. Henry Liddell. The band of the 2d Life Guards was in attendance during dinner. Her Majesty's private band afterwards attended in the Castle. This morning the Queen and Prince Albert walked out for some time before church, and returned to the Castle in a pony phaeton. The Queen and Prince Albert, her Majesty the Queen Dowager, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, his Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Meinin gen, and her Majesty's visiters, attended Divine service, with the Ladies and Gentlemen of the Court, and the domestic household, in the private chapel of the Castle this morning. The sermon was preached by the Rev. Henry Liddell, one of his Royal Highness's domestic chaplains. Prayers were read by the Hon and Rev. Charles Leslie Courtenay. Lady Augusta Bruce was in attendance on her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent. The Royal Family had their usual airings this morning. His Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Meiningen returned to the Castle from town early this morning, attended by Sir Andrew Barnard. The Duke of Cambridge attended Divine service yes terday in the Foundling Hospital. Major Stephens was in waiting on his Royal Highness. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Gloucester and the Duke of Cambridge, and his Serene Highness the Hereditary Prince of Saxe Meiningen, attended by Sir Andrew Barnard and Baron de Reitzenstein, ho noured the Italian Opera with their presence on Satur day evening. The President of the Board of Trade, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Vice-President of the Board of Trade, the Attorney- General and Solicitor-General, had an interview with Sir Robert Peel on Saturday. Sir John Pally had an interview with Mr. Secretary Gladstone on Saturday, at the Colonial-office. Dr. C. Johnson had also an interview with the Right Hon. Gentleman. Sir Robert and Lady Peel left their residence in Whitehall-gardens on Saturday afternoon for Windsor Castle, on a visit to her Majesty. Dispatches for the Governors of the North American Provinces were sent off on Saturday evening from the Colonial-office. Dispatches were also sent off from the Colonial-office for the Governors of Hong-Kong and Ceylon. At the Chapel Royal, St. James's, yesterday, the ser mon was preached by the Rev. Dr. Wesley, from St. Luke, chap. 13, v. 24. The prayers were read by the Rev. T. Ilelmore, and the lessons by the Rev. W. Hall. The anthem was, " God is our hope and strength," (Greene). Sir. George Smart presided at the organ. The Duchess of Beaufort and the Ladies Somerset, the Marchioness of Worcester, the Countesses St. Germans and Wilton, Lords St. Germans, Courtown, and Eliot, were amBng the nobility present. DEATH OF THE EARL OF ERROLL.—The Earl of Erroll, Hereditary Lord High Constable of Scotland, ex pired yesterday morning, at the residence of his son-in law, Viscount Campden, in Portman-square. The Countess of Erroll, Lord Kilmarnock, Viscount and Viscountess Campden, Lady Agnes Duff, Lady Mary Fox, and General and Lady Isabella Wemyss, were pre sent at the mournful event. The Royal Family sent during the day to make inquiry after the state of the Countess of Erroll. DUTCH MAIL. THE HAGUE, APRIL 16.—There was a conference yesterday, at the Foreigu-office, at which our Ministers of Foreign Affairs and Finance on the one part, and on the other General Wilmer, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Belgium, and M. Mercier, Minister of State, on an extraordinary mission to our Court, were present. The subject of the conference was the differences which have arisen between the Nether lands and Belgium in respect to the tariff. The Second Chamber of the States-General will re sume its sittings on Monday next. On that day the debate will be opened on the project of law for granting an indemnity for the military inundation in North Brabant, Zealand, and Leinberg. The discussion of several other projects of law is expected very shortly. His Majesty the King left this place yesterday morning, at five o'clock, to visit Soests' Dyk, but re turned by eight in the evening. AMSTERDAM', APRIL 15.—The necessary preparations are now making for the reception of the Court, on its annual visit to this city. We understand that the ar rival of their Majesties may be expected on Monday next, and that they will be accompanied by their Royal Highnesses the Prince and Princess of Orange, and Princes Alexander and Henry. The Court will probably stay eight days here. ROTTERDAM, APRIL 15.—Great exertions are now making to complete the railway from this city to the Hague. We have been informed that it is to be ready by the 6th of September next, which is his Majesty's birthday, when it is to be opened by the King in per son ; but we understand, further, that it is not to be opened to the public till the Ist of February next year. THE HAGUE, APRIL 18.—The Staatg Courant, of tbis date, gives a comparative statement of the revenue in the first three months of the years 1845 and 1846, by which it appears that there has been a considerable in crease in the last year. The sum total received in these two years was-1846, f. 12,759,344,03- ; 1845, f. 11,762,604,20. The excess, in 1846, was f. 1,007.260,45. The decrease was only f.10,520,61f. NOTICE TO MARINERS. The following is posted at Lloyd's CROMA_RTY POINT and CHANONRY POINT LIGHT. HOUSES. The Commissioners of the Northern Lighthouses hereby give notice that a lighthouse has been erected upon Cromarty Point, in the county of Cromarty, and another upon Chanonry Point, in the county of Ross, the lights of which will be exhibited on the night of the 15th of May, 1846, and every night thereafter, from sunset to sunrise. • The following is a specification of the lighthouses, and the appearance of the lights :- 1. CROMARTY POINT LIGHTHOUSE is situated in N. lat., 57 deg. 40 min. 58 sec. ' • and W. lon. 4 deg. 2 min. 7 sec., within the entrance of Cromarty Frith. The light will be known to mariners as a fixed light, of a red colour. The lantern, which is open from W.N. W. round to S.E. by E. * S., in a northerly direction, is elevated fifty feet above the level of the sea, and, the light being red, should not be expected to be often seen beyond the distance of nine miles, and at lesser distances, according to the state of the atmos phere. 2. Chanonry Point Lighthouse is situated in N. lat. 57 deg. 34 min. 32 sec., and W. long. 4 deg. 5 min. 28 sec., at the entrance of the Frith, leading to Inverness and the Caledo nian Canal. The light will be known to mariners as a fixed light of the natural appearance. The lantern, which is open from W. half N. round to N. by E., in a southerly direction, is elevated forty feet above the level of the sea; and the light will be seen at the distance of eleven miles, and at lesser distances according to the state of the atmosphere. And the commissioners hereby further give notice that, by virtue of a warrant from the Queen in Council, dated Sep. 13, 1845, the following tolls will be levied in respect of this light, viz.:- 1. CHANONRY LIGHTHOUSE. For every British vessel, the same not belonging to her Majesty, or being navigated wholly in ballast, and for every foreign vessel privileged to enter the ports of the United Kingdom, on paying the same tonnage as British vessels, which shall pass or derive benefit from the said light. If the same shall not exceed 50 tons burthen And if the same exceed 50 tons, for each additional 50 tons, or part of 50 tons, a like toll of And double the said respective tolls for every foreign ves sel sailing as aforesaid, not privileged as aforesaid. 2. CROMARTY LIGHTHOUSE. The same duties as above on similar vessels which shall pass or derive benefit from the said light; that is, which shall arrive at, or depart from, any port or place in the Frith of Cromarty, within the Sutors of Cromarty. By order of the Board, (Signed) C. CUNNINGHAM,' Joint A. CUNNINGHAM, Secretaries. Edinburgh, April 15, 1846. NARROW ESCAPE.—In the list of soldiers reported to have been killed at the battle of Moodkee was the name of John Daniel, a private in her Majesty's 31st Regiment of Infantry, whose parents reside in Rolainhood-yard, Notting ham. For a time his family were overpowered with grief at the loss of a son and brother, and went into mourning ; but, when they had worn their funeral habiliments for two or three weeks, their mourning was turned into joy by the ar rival of a letter from him, written in the hospital at Feroze pore, on the Ist of February, stating that, having been left for dead upon the field of battle during two days, he had at length crawled into the camp , and was recovering ! The letter says :—" It was with feelings of the greatest pleasure that I received your welcome letter on the 17th of December, but I have not had time to read it. . . . I had opened it and just read about four lines, when the word of command was given, Stand to your arms, the enemy are upon us !" and we fell in, and marched out to meet them. They were not idle, for they received us with plenty of round shot and shells, but our artillery forced them to retire, and the infantry, con sisting of her Majesty's 9th, 31st, 50th, and 80th regiments, w i. h several native corps, covered by our cavalry and artillery, again advanced upon them. When we had got within a very short distance of them they opened a fire of small arms upon us, together with grape and canister shot, which cut down a great many of our men ; but we advanced steadily, until the word charge' was given, when at that moment I was wounded through the ankle with a grapeshot, and dropped. I lay upon the field for two days in the greatest pain, without refreshment of any kind, and without any dressing ; but I happened to have a towel in my havresack, and I tied that round my leg. On the third morning I crept on my hands and knees four miles, which took me six hours to ac. complish, but 1 thank God that He enabled me to do it by any means, for if I had stayed two hours longer I should have been cut to pieces; the enemy scoured the field and made I short work of all they found alive by cutting off their heads. But they paid dearly for this, for our cavalry made a cir cu it, and cut up two regiments of them entirely, and thre w th e rest into confusion. It has been reported that in this affair alone, which was but a skirmish, the enemy lost about 4,000 men! They were well hemmed in on all sides. I am now very comfortably accommodated in the hospital, and shall soon be able to get out on crutches. The d oc t or to cut off my leg, but I would not let him, and I am clad now that I did not." OV INDIA CHINA. TERMINATION OF THE WAIL The bi-monthly mail from India, which arrived by extra ordinary express from Paris reached that capital by special courier from Marseilles. The latest dates are—Bombay, March 17 ; Calcutta, March 7 ; Ceylon, Feb. 24 ; China and Hong-Kong, Feb. 1 ; Delhi, March 7 ; Lahore, March 1; and Madras, March 8. The intelligence from India, is anticipation of the Bombay mail of the 16th of March, confirms the important intelli gence of the pacification of the Punjaub. The events which have occurred since the date of the pre vious accounts recapitulate a few of the more important par ticulars subsequent to the great victory at the bridge of Sobraon, which decided the fate of the Punjaub. This battle, by which the Seikhs were driven across the Sutlej, took place on the 10th of February. The first division of the British army entered the Punjaub on that day. On the 14th the Governor-General was at Kussoor, where be issued a procla mation declaring the independence of that country. The alarm of the Seikh Government was great; Ghoolab Singh, the Wuznr, represented to the Queen-Mother that the de feat of the Klislss was attended with the loss of 20,000 men. He was commissioned to make terms. He sent word to the British authorities, and promised to be at Kussoor, where the Governor-General was waiting for the remainder of his army. Ghoolab Singh arrived four hours after his time, and was received with coldness, and was referred to the Se cretary, Mr. Currie, and to Major Lawrence, the Political Agent, with whom he remained in close conference until past midnight. The terms of the Convention prescribed to him were the cession of all the country to the east of the bear, in addition to the provinces declared in December to have been confiscated; the.payment of a million and a half sterling ; the suriender of all the cannon used against the British; and the total disbanding of the Khalsa army. Ghoolab Singh had another long conference on the 17th. The presence of the young King, Dhuleep Singh, was required in the British camp, which, on the 18th, advanced to within eighteen miles of Lahore. Dhuleep Singh came there, and was received without any salute. He then " expressed his contrition for the late hostile proceedings, and his acquiescence in all the terms and conditions imposed by the British Government." The Governor-General then ordered a royal salute to be fired, and issued the following proclamation : ' PROCLAMATION BY THE RIGHT HON. THE GOVERNOR• GENERAL OF INDIA. " Foreign Department, Camp Lulleeanee, Feb, 180847. "The chiefs, Merchants, traders, ryots, and other inhabit ants of Lahore and Umritsir, are hereby informed that his Highness Maharaja Dhuleep Singh has this day waited upon the Right Hon. the Governor-General, and expressed the contrition of himself and the Seikh Government for their late hostile proceedings. The Maharaja and durbar having acquiesced in all the terms and conditions imposed by the British Government, the Governor-General has every hope that the relations of friendship will speedily be re-established between the two Governments. The inhabitants of Lahore and Umritsir have nothing to fear from the British army. The Governor-General and the British troops, if the condi tions above adverted to are fulfilled, and no further hostile opposition is offered by the Khalsa army, will use their en deavour for the re-establishment of the Government of the descendant of Maharaja Runjeet Singh, and for the protec- _ v. .. tion of its subjects. " The inhabitants of the cities in the Punjaub will, in that case, be perfectly safe in person and property from any moles tation by the British troops, and they are hereby called upon to dismiss apprehension and to follow their respective callings with all confidence. _ __ " By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India, " F. CURRIE, " Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General." In the morning of the 20th the British army appeared under the walls of Lahore, where no resistance was shown. Preparations were made for sending Dhuleep Singh to his palace, under an escort of the British troops. The general order issued on the occasion is as folio ws GENERAL ORDER BY THE RIGHT HON. THE GOVERNOR , GENERAL OF INDIA. "Foreign Department, Camp of Lahore, Feb. 20,1846, " The Right Hon. the Governor-General requests that the Commander-in-Chief will cause the following arrangements to be made for escorting his Highness the Maharaja Dhuleep Singh to his palace, in the citadel of Lahore, this afternoon. The escort will cmisist of two regiments of European Cavalry, two regiments of Native Cavalry—the Body Guard to be one ; one regiment of Irregular Horse, two troops of Horse Artillery, one European and one Native. "The Secretary to the Government-of India, F. Currie, Esq., will take charge of his Highness and his suite, and will be accompanied by the political agent, Major Lawrence, the Governor-General's private secretary, Charles Hardinge, Esq., the Aides-de-Camp of the Governor- General ; two Aides-de-Camp of the Commander-in-Chief, one Aide-de- Camp from each general officer of division, in uniform. " The escort will be formed at the nearest convenient spot to the Governor-General's camp, at two o'clock, and pro ceeded to his Highness's camp, and thence to the palace. " On alighting from his elephant a salute of twenty-one guns will be fired by the horse artillery. " His Highness the Maharaja of the Seikh nation, selected by the chiefs as their sovereign, having on the 18th instant intimated his intention to proceed to the Governor-General's camp at Lifitc-aanee, attended by his Highness's Wuzeer, the Raja Ghoolab Singh, and othoe chiefs, was received in durbar on the afternoon or that day by the Governor tiene rat, the Commander-in-Chief and the staff being present. His Highness's Ministers and chiefs there tendered his sub mission and solicited the clemency of the British Govern ment. " The Governor-General extended the clemency of the British Government to a prince the descendant of the Maha raja, the late Runjeet Singh, for so many years the faithful ally and friend of the British Government, as the representa tive of the Seikh nation selected by the chiefs and the peo ple to be their ruler, on the condition that all the terms im posed by the British Government and previously explained to his Highness's Ministers and chiefs should be faithfully executed. " On withdrawing from the durbar the Maharaja received the usual salutes due to his Highness's exalted rank. " His Highness has since remained near the Governor- General's camp, and as it will be conducive to his High ness's comfort that he should rejoin his family, the Governor- General desires that he mav, with all honour and in safety, be conducted by the British: troops to the gates of his palace this day. " The following proclamation was issued on the 18th inst., by the Governor-General, promising protection to all persons at Lahore and elsewhere who peaceably continue in their usual employments of trade and industry. " The Governor-General is satisfied, after the experience of this campaign, that he can rely on the discipline of this in vincible army, as fully and securely as he has always been confident that the day of battle under their distinguished commander would be one of victory. " He trusts at present that no officers or soldiers will pass the advanced sentries of their encampment to enter the town of Lahore, and he requests his Excellency the Commander in-Chief to give the necessary instruction to carry this order strictly into effect, as well as to protect all persons bringing provisions into the camp. " By order, &c. " F. CURRIE, " Secretary to the Government of India with the Governor-General" The report of Mr. Currie, the Secretary, of the ceremony of introducing Dhuleep Singh into his palace is highly in teresting : " TO THE RIGHT HON. SIR HENRY HARDINGE. G.C.8., COVER. NOR-GENERAL OF INDIA, " Right Hon. Sir,—l have the honour to state, for the information of your Excellency, that, in accordance with the instructions contained in the order of the Governor-General of yesterday's date, I proceeded in th e a f ternoon w i th the escort ordered, and accompanied by the officers mentioned below, on elephants, to conduct the Maharaja Dhaleep Singh to his palace in the citadel of Lahore. " Major Lawrence, the Governor-General's Political Agent. " W. Edwards, Esq., Under Secretary of the Foreign De partment. " R. Cust, Esq., Assistant-Secretary to the Foreign De partment. " C. Hardinge, Esq., Private Secretary to the Governor. General. " Lieutenant-Colonel Wood, Military Secretary to the Governor-General. " Captain Cunningham. "Captain Hardinge, Aide-de-Camp to the Governor• General. "Captain Grant, ditto. "Lord Arthur Hay, ditto. " Captain Mills, ditto. "Captain Bagot, Aide-de-Camp to the Commander-in• Chief. "Captain Edwards, ditto. "Captain Gilbert, Aide-de-Camp to General Gilbert. "Captain Tottenham, Aide-de-Camp to General Smit h, "Lieutenant- Colonel Irvine, Engineers. "Lieutenant-Colonel Smith, ditto. "Captain Napier, ditto. " Captain Smith, ditto. " The procession was arranged in the following order : " 9th Irregular Cavalry. " 3d Light Cavalry. " Her Majesty's 16th Lancers. "Troop Horse Artillery, Europeans. "Troop Horse Artillery, Natives. " Her Majesty's 9th Lancers. "The Secretary with the Maharaja and suite. "The Governor- General's Body Guard. " The escort was formed in open celumn of troops left in front commanded by Brigadier Cureton, C.B. " We proceeded in this order to the encampment of the Maharaja, about 1/ mile from our pickets, and nearly the same distance from the citadel gate of the city. " At about three quarters of a mile from the Maharaja's camp I was met by the Minister, Raja Ghoolab Singh, and some of the chiefs. " Intimation of our approach was then sent on to the Ma haraja, that he might be ready on his elephant upon our arrival. " On reaching the Maharaja's camp the troops of our escort drew up, and the Maharaja, with Bhaee Ram Singh on the same elephant, came forward from his tent, accompanied by several chiefs. " After the usual salutation and complimentary questions and replies, I placed the Maharaja's elephant next to mine, and the troops having fallen in, as at first, proceeded round the walls of the city to the gate of the citadel. "On arriving, Brigadier Cureton drew up the escort in line in front of the gateway, and I took the Maharaja, ac companied by the officers enumerated in the former part of this letter, with Raja Ghoolab Singh and the other chiefs, into the interior of the citadel, and to the inner door of his palace. - "1 then observed to the Maharaja and chiefs, that by order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General, I had thus brought the Maharaja; conducted by the British army, to his palace, which his Highness had left for the purpose of tendering submission to the British Government, and for placing himself, his capital, and his country, at the mercy of the Governor-General, and requesting pardon for the insult that had been offered; and that the Governor-General had thus restored him to his palace as a mark of the favour which he desired to show to the d escen d an t of the late Maharaja Runjeet Singh. " •i% " A salute of 21 guns was then fired by the Horse tillery. " We then took leave of Cu:, Maharaja at the rate of lais elee, anti retornit!g to inctsidc city wc ;:,,n -tiluing our progress round Lahore, thus returned to our "As our camp is situated opposite the south-east end' of the city face, and the citadel is immediately within the ,3ity walls at the north-west angle, we made the entire circuit of Lahore. I considered this preferable to going through the city, the streets of which are very narrow, and would Shave much impeded the progress of our large escort. " We did not see one gun upon any part of the walls; all their embrasures were empty. "I have the honour to be, &c., "F. CURRIE, "Secretary to the Government of India., with the Governor-General." On the 22d the citadel of Lahore and a part of the palace was formally taken possession of by the British authoritiies. On the 25th the Governor-General issued the next iunpor tant general order to the British army. It contains the: ex pression of thanks for the triumphant successes obtaineela, and orders 12 months' batta to the troops : FROM HIS EXCELLENCY THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF TO TilX RIGHT HON. SIR HENRY HARDINGE, G.C.8., GOVEAN,R, GENERAL OF INDIA, &C. Head-quarters, Army of the Satlej, in front of Lahore, Feb. 22. Right Hon. Sir,.—l have now to offer my congratulations on some of the earliest fruits of our victory of the ICstb. inst. About noon on the 20th, a day henceforth very memorable in our Indian annals, the army under my command pitched its tents on the plain of Mayan Meer, under the walLs of the Seikh capital. The entire submission of the Maharaja and his advisers to the will of the British Government bad been before personally tendered to you, and graciously accepted ; and this morning, in fulfilment of one of the cond'aions which your wisdom bad dictated for the real interests •of the ruler and people of the Punjaub, I had the honour to ct )nduct a brigade of troops to the city, which took formal powession of the Badshahce Musjid and Hoozooree Bagh, forming a part of the palace and citadel of Lahore. I trust, by the observ ance of a strict discipline, to preserve unshaken th at confi dence which the people of the city and country a rortnd it evidently repose in the generosity, clemency, and good faith of their conquerors. Supplies of all sorts are willingly brought to our camp and punctually paid for; and. I be lieve that by every class of persons in this vicinity the pre sence of our troops is felt to be a national benefit; none cer tainly have had real cause to lament it as a calamity.--I have, _ HUGH GOUGH, General, Commander-in-Chief, East Indies. This was accompanied by the following general order: from the Governor-General : GENERAL ORDER BY THE RIGHT HON. THE GOVF :RNOR+ GENERAL OF INDIA. Foreign Department, Camp Lahore, Feb. 22. The British army has this day occupied the gateway of the citadel of Lahore, the Badshahee Mosque, and the Ho ozooree Bagh. _ _ The remaining part of the citadel is the residence of Lis Highness the Maharaja, and also that of the famill• :s of the late Maharaja Runjeet Singh, for so many years tb e faith ful ally of the British Government. In consideration of these circumstances no troops will .be posted within the pre cinct of the palace gate. The army - of the Sutlej has now brought its operations in the field to a close by the dispersion of the Seikh army and the military occupation of Lahore, preceded by a series of the most triumphant successes ever recorded in the military history of India. The British Government, trusting; to the faith of treaties and to the long subsisting friendship between the two states, had limited military preparations to the de fence of its own frontier. Compelled suddenly to assume the offensive by the unpro yoked invasion of its territories, the British army, under the command of its distinguished leader, has in 60 days defeated the Seikh forces in four general actions, has captured 220 pieces of field artillery, and is now at the capital, dictating to the Lahore Durbar the terms of a treaty the conditions of which will tend to secure the British provinces from the re petition of a similar outrage. The Governor-General being determined, however, to mark with reprobation the perfidious character of the war, has re quired and will exact that every remaining piece of Seikh artillery which has been pointed against the British army during this campaign shall be surrendered. The Seikh army, whose insubordinate conduct is one of the chief causes of the anarchy and misrule which have brought the Seikh state to the brink of destruction, is about to be disbanded. The soldiers of the army of the Sutlej have not only proved their superior prowess in battle, but have on every occasion with subordination and patience endured the fatigues and privations inseparable from a state of active operations in the field. The native troops of this army also proved that faithful attachment to their colours and to the Company's service is an honourable feature in the character of the British Sep T oy. he Governor-General has repeatedly expressed, on his own part and that of the Government of India, admiration and gratitude for the important services which the army has rendered. The Governor-General is now pleased to resolve, as a testi mony of the approbation of the Government of India of the bravery, discipline, and soldier-like bearing of the army of the Sutlej, that all the generals, officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates, shall receive a gratuity of twelve months' batta. Every regiment which, in obedience to its orders, may have remained in posts and forts between Loodianah and Ferozepore, and was not present in action, as in the case of the troops ordered to remain at Moodkee to protect the wounded, and those left in the forts of Ferozepore and Loo dianah, shall receive the gratuity of twelve months' batta. Obedience to orders is the first duty of a soldier, and the Governor-General, in affirming this principle, can never ad mit that absence, caused by the performance of indispensable duties, on which the success of the operations in the field greatly depended, ought to disqualify any soldier placed in those circumstances from participating in the gratuity given for the general good conduct of the army in the field. All regiments and individuals ordered to the frontier and forming part of the army of the Sutlej, which may have reached Loodianah or Bussean before the date of this order, will be included as entitled to the gratuity. By order of the Right Hon. the Governor-General of India. F. CURRIE, Secretary to the Government of India, with the Governor-General. TheKhalsa troops after their defeat at Sobraon, retired to wards Umritsir. Their Commander, Tej Singh, was twice wounded in their last conflict, and seeing no advantage from further resistance, gave in. The remnant of the Kbales army was obliged to surrender their cannon, and to disperse. The surrender of their guns was the proof of their conquest , for on them their great reliance was placed in battle. Groans and tears attended their departure from Lahore. The Wuzeer Ghoolab Singh was the chief agent, but the Queen-Mother wishes to promote her paramour, Lall Singh , to the Wuzeership, and Ghoolab is discontented. Intrigues are busy. The first instalment of the money had not been paid on the Ist of March, but it was daily expected. The witly drawal of the British army was to take place about the 10th. Tho state of the country around Lahore is described as tran quil, but there were bands of armed men prowling in th° districts. Permission was given in the general orders of the 25th February to the men of the 16th Lancers and of the 3 1 s Foot to volunteer into other corps. These regiments are to come by water to Bombay, and 1 here to embark for Europe. Arrangements were fast making for the occupation of the conquered country, which is exceedingly fertile, and will yield an annual revenue of 400,0001. The chief town is Jul; tinder, with 40,000 inhabitants; Phulloor, Pugwarra, and Sultanpore are also of note. The cantonments of the British will not be far distant from Lahore, so as to be able to ke e p down all attempts at insurrection. The news from Sinde is not of remarkable interest. S ir Charles Napier, having been fired at on going up the river Sutlej, landed at Ooch, and proceeded to Bhawulporef where he landed on the 20th of February, visited the MO' and set out on the 22d for Ferozepore, to join the Governor' General. The distance is 230 miles. He had not arrived Lahore on the Ist of March. General M'Laren died of bit wounds at Ferozepore. The Adjutant-General of the Benfi a army, Sir J. R. Lumley, also died at Ferozepore.; The Nizam's dominions are in a state of inextricable con r fusion. The Governor of Bombay, Sir G. Arthur, has had a sev tr e fit of illness, but was recovering. The native bazaar mas, td at Poonah had, after a trial of several months, been convict et' of extortion, and sentenced to six years' imprisonment. Lord Elphinstone had reached Delhi, en route to join t Governor• General's camp. The banks continued to pay high interest on their capit The Benares Bank has declared a dividend of 10, and t 116 Agra Bank of 14} per cent. (From the Overland Bombay Times, March 16.) SUMMARY A calm, as complete as it has been sudden, has succeea the turbulence which for months has disturbed our politic atmosphere. Ghoolab Singh having submitted to our term the young Maharaja, of his own accord, sought our to express his contrition for the past, and his anxiety forth resumption of friendly relations on any terms which Inig h o r be conceded. The conditions prescribed were the surrend. of the protected states on the hither bank of the Sutlej, cote a s 7 o d oo ß s e g a u z a — re th m e i t le w s o to ad t d h i e n (heated by proclamation on the 13th December ; and the 31 '5 nexation to our dominions of the territory betwixt the Suti g ar s e o aT e an h d alrmil le subjects of our empire. The Khalsa army, the source of t c past mischiefs, has been disbanded, and all the cannon ne e l t against us made over to us in addition to the 220 eh", 0 in our hands. Our troops encamped before Lahore e si the 20th; on the same day the Maharaja vinas perhapslion It,ooo7,oroorevene tte tb coded by a guard of honour to his palace. — ll s joi, 22d the citadel and a portion of the palace were r oa . possession of in form by a division of our troops- via , the 26th the first half million of the indemnirY n U to be paid ever to us. The Seikh chiefs have nea rl y ,e surrendered themselves or sent in their submission, 2° 5 ; 0 0' have experienced neither resistance nor molestation 6 fof" crossing the frontier. About 30,000 of the Khalsa troP 0 043 1 a time held together ; but as their leaders had left the° l 2 o ,o o to 9 the chiefs all submitted to the new order of things, rtT e d t. , had been ordered their arrears of pay, and were expeci‘t tiv lay down their arms and disperse. The army would , ost ,iA supposed, break up about the 10th of March , and is y troo ?v, by this time in part within our frontier. The Sinn t he are still moving upwards; but as they have now for V.! heavy guns and pontoons behind them, they ca n lo" ,1:ore active service. Sir C. Napier had quitted Bhasinurl'ioreil" the 22d ; he had not reached Ferozepore on the Isr fro' 0 His salary as Governor of Sinde has been increas e : oo oW" 7,2001. to 9,6001. His share of the prize money oi th 1 11 0 to 70,0001. Sinde generally is healthy and quiet, n d at n; exception of a few cases of cholera at Kurra chee ; time do we remember seeing the Calcutta and li a 3 " journals so newsless, unless in reference to the Fkln.W l present. THE PUNJAUB. t f the Our summary of the 3d inst. closed with an secollaZonc° crossing of our troops from Ferozepore, and the ir 0 ti le on Lahore. The first division had got over the river o,eio, 10th ; it was the 17th before the whole was within the ti„it's dominions. The Governor-General having proceed 'o ne t ut/ the leading division, was at Kussoor on the 14th, wil?,„ n ianh proclaniwion given in our last, intimating that the L .. " ' e to ' ' was to retain its independence, was issued. We iver!' -east tain possession of the protected states on the south ~.e e gill side of the Sutlej, confiscated by proclamation 0 11 tl i x t, tilt ) D..c., and to annex to our dominions th e region hetWbecotne Sutlej and the Beaz, hill and dale. The territory thus , e 0 al ours is in the form of an equilateral triangle: t he con L" 11;,,,,ting ready named, to the extent of 100 miles each,