The Sun. — London, England, 1823-11-20 00:00:00

PARIS PAPERS. (From the, Etoik.) The 'English Journals of all parties display an eagerness to invoke from all Europe the recog nition of the Spanish Colonies as Independent states. But what is it to recognize the Spanish Colonies ? It is to recognize anarchy. Do they recognize anarchy ? In fact, what is observable in these territories of the new world, where the misfortunes of the parent state have emboldened some ambitious men to set at nought its ancient authority ? Daily the supreme power there is transferred from one •to another ; daily the form of Govern ment is changed ; and the State itself changes its name. To-day a Republic, to-morrow a Mo narchy; at one time it is a popular assembly, at another it is a fortunate soldier that governs•— Whom would yiiu then acknowledge 2 The Am bassador whom you depute to the Consuls or De cemvirs, will, perhaps, be received by an Em ,peror. The treaty which you will have signed `with a free country, may be torn in pieces by a despot. Where, moreover, would this absurd precipi. Intiou lend to? Would equity, or even policy permit the recognition of new States without the concurrence of the mother country, and without the assent of the neighbouring Powers ? This question affects all Ow interests of legitimacy. Ciin it be believed that all the Powers who 'have disowned the Government of the Cortes— that France, who has overthrown that Govern. :went by force of ems, are not, in themselves, reciprocally consistent. These Powers, it must be considered, may lend their aid, the most efficacious aid, to the Paretic State, if they think that such is the way to put an end i p revolutionary Governments, and if they desist:llnm employing force, it is only because it might be demonstrable to them that the remedy would be more dangerous than the evil itself and that their efforts to re-establish order would tend to multiply the elements of trouble „and confusion. But, as we have already said, the clamours of some English pamphleteers cannot be taken on this side of the Channel, its the echo of the de cisions of the Ministry. A prudent Government does not listen to the suggestions of vulgar prejudices and national jealousies. What is desired by thus urging the adoption of pre cipitate measures ? The first enjoyment of commercial advantages, which have been hastily tkpicted in seductive colours. But how de ceptive may be these images I.—how much may all these hypothesis need 'to be submitted to the test of VeitSoll and experience ?' Does it 11014;:e tube first so iuspire more regard and con fidence! Can any persons persuade themselves, that in the great States of the Old World Oil w1141:1 the situation of the New does not excite , discussions so violent) there are minds less enter prising who reflect on objects of such general in- Arrest ? This question will be decided with more mature deliberation, and what may be decided AipOn Vi ill be supported, not less with per -severance than force. if it was permitted to read the views of men who exercise an immediate influence over European policy, it would probably be seen that the Great Powers, united by so many ties, have in these -eventful conjunctures, but one common aim in 'whatever manner the question may be decided, to insure the parent state some special ad van. tages, and equality of rights to all other nations. And, under this hypothesis, what power can 'have' a greater influence than England, which, from the abundance of capital and her com mercial relations, will always secure to herself ,the most advantageous markets ? But far from laying these bases , a nd looking on the fu. lure, what have these writers of Gazettes, who, of their desks, regulate the destinies of the two liemiiphere done ? They commenced by re claiming South America free an inepe tnudepon nt de facto.. Let them n incontestible authority ! Let them point out the 'Spanish Colony in which the Parent Slate has not preserved fortresses, troops, and numerous par. Aisans ! Whilst persons were rejoicing in the ttniferns of London, at the capture of Lima, by the Insurgents, the Generals of Ferdinand VII. re entered, as conquerors, the capital of Peru. Let 'these writers, therefore, learn to await what it be `longs to time alone to decide, and if the ties of .America and Old Spain must be for ever severed, let it be believed that there is suflic!ent calm the Governments of Europe; to judge of the degree of confidence which new Govern. .meets, the issue of long commotioe; in that quar ter of the globe relay merit. Even in the very transactions which would acknowledge dependence, that high politique, which never de. wiates from justice and morality, should still 'know how to respect the rights of the Parent titate. KNICHTS OF NI ALTA.—The Brussels Oracle of the 13th instant gives the following as an ex. utact from a letter written by a respectable gen. tieman in Paris :—" There is no longer any doubt that the Order of. Malta will be re established shortly. An island of Greece, which is ceded to it, is already mentioned, but prudence induces us not to mention it at present. The Order is going to send Deputies to the King of Spain, to claim its estates in that kingdom, which the Cortes ordered to be sold. There is reason to hope that this negociation will be successful, The Illustrious order of St. John of Jerusalem will soon rise from its ashes, and after having so long served as a barrier to Europe against the invasion and pillage of the Maho me tans, it will again protect the commerce of the Mediterranean and Adriatic against the pirates of the coast of Africa." THE DUC D'ENGHIEN. EXPLANATIONS OFFERED TO IMPARTIAL MEN BY COUNT MULIN, ON THE SUBJECT OF THE MILITARY COMMISSION INSTITUTED IN THE YEAR ,V 2, FOIL TUE TRIAL or THE IMIKE . D7ENGIIIEN. , • The unfortunate affair of the Duke D'Enghien has already given me 20 years of profound regret. • Now old, - afflicted with blindness, retired care the world, and having nothing to Console - Me but the care of the farriily which surround me, my sorrows were increased when I-per ceived that scenes which doubtless could not be effaced from recollection, but which at least formed no topic of public dis , cussion, were suddenly recalled to observation. However, though at first cast down, I afterwards blessed Divine Providence, when 1 perceived that an opportunity was afforded ma which hitherto had been wanting, of giving my fellow-citizens explanations, without exposing myself to the charge of failing in the laws of prudence and discretion. But let not my intentions be misunderstood. Ido not write from fear, as my person is under the protection of laws which have emanated from the Throne, and as, under the Govern ment of a just king, I have nothing to apprehend from vio. lence and arbitrary authority. I write to satisfy the dictates of my conscience and the interests of my family, towards which I have also duties to fulfil. I write to state the truth, even though it might be against myself ! Accordingly Ido not pretend to vindicate the sentence either in form or substance, but 1 wish to show under what influence, and amidst what concurrence of circumstances, it was pronounced, I wish to free myself and my colleagues from the impotation of acting as party men. If we must still be blamed, I desirous that we should also be pitied, and that it should be add of us—" They were very unfortunate !" On the 29th of Ventose, year 12, at seven in the evening, I received notice to repair immediately to the Governor of Paris, General Murat. That General ordered me to proceed without delay to the Castel de Vincennes, in the character of President of a Commission which was to assemble there ; and on my ob serving And I ought to have an order from his hand, he said— " the order will be sent In.you with the Government decree immediately on your arrival at Vincennes : set out quickly, you will scarcely there when these documents will reach you." -- Such were his precise words. I was completely ignorant of the object of the Commission; and for a long time after my arrival at Vincennes I still con tinued ignorant of it. The other Members who were to com pose the commission arrived in succession and at different hours, which had been indicated to them in separate orders. Being asked if I knew why they were summoned , I answer ed that I knew nothing more than they did themselves. Even the com mandant of the.castle, 111. Bard, to a question which I asked on this subject, answered that he knew nothing; and on ob. serving my surprise, he added—" What do you suppose ? am nobody here. Every thing is done without m y ord e rs a n d participation. Another person commands here." . in fact, the castle was filled by the select gendarmerie. They occupied all the posts, and guarded thein so strictly, that one of the Members of the CotnnuSsion was stopped for more than lie could gain admission. Another, having: received orders to proceed immediately to Vincennes, . without any other explanation, thought he was sentihere to be imprisoned. Thus we were all made judges in a cause of too unfortunate a celebrity without any of us being prepared for it ! About ten o'clock in the evening we were extricated from the incertainty in which we had Wen left by the communication :o me of the following documents : I. The Government Decree, dated the 2flth of Ventose, year .2, stating the charges against the accused. 2. An order of the General-in-Chief, Murat, nominating the Illemberm of the Commission. With respect to the composition of this Commission, I mutt observe that it presented nothing extraordinary. It was form. ed of Colonels commanding the different corps then in garrison in Paris. 'Met was a general regulation, and the choice which tell upon us was entirely owing to the accident of our being quartered in harts. The Presidency belongs to the oldest in rank; and on that account I was the President. The order of the Governor of Paris required the Commission to assemble immediately, to try without separating. But the interrogatory by'the Reporter did not close till towards ndd night, and it was therefore only at that hour that the business of the commission commenced. I must observe that top colleagues and myself were entire strangers to legal knowledge. We had obtained our ranks on the field of battle. None of us had the least notion of such proceedings ; and to complete the misfortune, the Reporter and the Secretary were equally unexperienced. An incident occurred in reading the documents. We observ ed, that at the end of the interrogatory taken before the Cap tain Reporter, the Prince, before signing, had written a few lines in N'lllcit he expressed his wish to have an explanation with the First Consul. A Member proposed that this request should-be transmitted to the Government.• To this the Com mission acceded, but at the same moment General who had placed himself behind my chair, represented to us that thie,request was " inopportune." Besides, we could find no provision in the law authorizing us to suspend the pro ceedings. The Commission therefore went on with the trial, and reserved the satisfying the request of the accused till after pleadings. Several documents were pot on the file. Some intercepted ; letters, a correspondence ot',lll. Shee, then Prefect of the Lower Rhine, and in particular a long report by M. Real, Councillor of State, in which the affair with its ramifications was represent ed as interesting the safety oi' the State, and even the existence of the Government. In u word, the report contained every thing calculated to make an impression on our minds, and to induce: us to believe that the salvation of the State depended on the de cision we were about to pronounce. I proceed to interrogate the prisoner. Tam hound to declare that he appeared before us with a noble confidence, and indig- Tiantly repelled the charge of having mixed directly, or indi rectly, in any plot of assassination against the life of the First Consul; but he also acknowledged that he had carried arms against France, stating with a courage and dignity which did not admit of our drawing from him, in his own interest, a variation on that point—" that he bad supported the rights of his family, and that a Cond4 never could enter France except with arms In his hand. My birth , my opinion," added he, " render inc for' ever the enemy of your Government." The firmness of his avowals made his judges despair. Often did we put him in the way of amending his declarations ; but he always persisted in an unshaken manner. " I see , " said he occasionally, " the honourable intentions of the members of the commission, but I cannot avail myself' of the opportunities they offer me." On its being notified -to him that there was no ap. peal front a military commission , he - replied--" I know it, and Ido not disguise from myself the danger I„ un. I only wish to have an interview with the First Consul. What could the Members of the commission do? Let the period in which this transaction occurred be recollected. We were bound by our oaths to the existing Government : appointed Judges we were bound to try, under pain of being tried ourselves. Judges under laws which we had not made, but which we were unfortunately constituted the °Nato, why was it that in appealing to those laws, we could find in them only a cruel punishment which they afforded us no means of mitigating ? It bas been said, that we ought to have declared ourselves incompetent. To do that, it was necessary that the means should be proposed : we were not lawyers. It appeared to us, that our competence necessarily resulted from the Government decree, by which we were appointed. It is moreover said, " You should, at least, have given hint a legal defender, and then all that you say you were ignoran t of would have beeni pleaded for the Prince !" The extreme negligence of the Captain Reporter in this respect might have been repaired by me, but the Prince made no application for counsel, and none of the members reminded me of that duty. I may make the sure obiervation on the illegality imputed to the Instruction of the process, and the faults with which the tenour of the judgment is reproached. I shall merely observe as to the double minutes that the esti mable author t of " The Discussion on the Proceedings of the Military Commission," certainly did not know a fact which was not recorded in the documents. The file communicated to him, and whiCh could only be communicated by the person with whom in 180 I deposited my papers, was my private file, and not the official file of the Government, which ought to be in the archives of the war or police department, along with the report of the Councillor of State, Real, if these documents have not not been removed. Several minutes were drawn up.; among others that which has been published as a document of the trial; but after that particular one was signed, it did not appear to us regular, and we caused another to be drawn up by the Secretary, founded principally on the report of the Councillor of State, Real, and the Prince's answers. This second digest, which constitutes the genuine minute ought to have been the only one preserved; the other should have been immediately destroyed. That not being done, was a neglect on my part. 'fills is strictly the truth. In fine, in no case are we liable to any reproach and on this subject we willingly acknowledge the dilemma proposed by die joiowril des Debatz: for in no case should the execution of the judment been proceeded in forthwith. The first minute could notlee acted upon, because it was ineemplete, though signed by us; it contained blanks which remained unfilled up, and it was not signed by the. Secretary. Consequently the reporter and the officer charged with the execution, could not, without • Savoy . , as appears from his paniphlet, an extract of which has been given in TUE SUN. Lbpin, of whose pamphlet we have Also given an account. prevarication, regard it as a real sentence. With respect to the second digest, which formed the real judgment, as it did not contain the order for execution forthwith, but solely for reading the judgmnt to the prisoner forthwith, the immediate execu tion was not to be the act of the commission, but solely to those who, upon their own responsibility, took upon themselves to hasten that fatal event. Alas ! our intentions were very different ! Scarcely bad the' judgment been signed, when, in the interpreter of the unani mous wish of the commission,. I proceeded to write a letter- to the First Consul, informing him of the wish expressed by the Prince for an interview, and also conjuring him to remit a punishment which the rigorous nature of the circumstances ult. flee which we 'hated did not permit us to wave. At this very moment,* a man who had been constantly in the hall of the Council, and whom I would instantly name did I not reflect that even in. defending; myself it doea'not becorne : the to accuse, said, advancing' towards me," What are you doing ?" " I am writing to the First Consul to state the wish of the Council and of the convict." " Your bOsiness is done," said he, taking the pen, " It is now mine." I confess 1 thought, as did many of my colleagues with me, that he meant to say, it is my business to inform the First Con sul. The answer, understood in this sense, left us the hope that the information would not fail to be given. I only remem ber the feeling of vexation which I experienced at being de.; prived by another of the, finest prerogative attached to a duty which is always so painful. And how could we have supposed that any one placed about us had orders to neglect the formalities imposed by the laws ? I was conversing on what passed under the porch near the Council-hall. Different conversations were going on ; I was waiting for my carriage, which, like that of the other mem bers, could not get into the court-yard, and this retarded their departure as well as mine. We were shut in, without the pos. sibility of any external communication, when an explosion was heard—a terrible report, which thrilled to the bottom of our souls, and chilled us with terror and dismay. Yes, I swear, in the name of all my colleagues, the exe cution was not authorised by us. Our sentence directed that a copy should be sent to the Minister of War, the Grand Judge, Minister . of Justice, and to the General-in-Chief, Go vernor of Paris. The order for-execution could be' regularly given only by the latter ; the copies were not yet made out ; they could not be completed before a part of the day would have gone by. Returned to Paris, I would have waited on the Governor, the First Consul, I know not whom I But a terrific report of musketry had suddenly apprized us that the Prince was no more ! We know not whether he who so cruelly hurried on this fatal execution had orders to that effect or not. It' he had not, he alone is responsible ; if he hadi• the commission to which these orders were unknown, the commission held in a private fortress, the commission whose earnest wish was for 'the safety of the Prince, could neither foresee nor prevent their effect. The commission cannot be blamed for the result. I again repeat I am unfortunate ! Twenty 3 cars which have rolled away have not softened the bitterness of my regret. My confessions are without weakness; they would lose their value were they deprived of all dignity. Let me be accused of ignorance, of error, I shall plead guilty; I may be reproached with an obedience which I should now know .how to avoid under similar circumstances. With my attachment to a man whom I considered destined to effect the happiness of my country; with my fidelity to a Govern ment which 1 then believed to be legitimate, and to which. I had *worn fidelity..-..but let, in justice to me and to my col. leagues—let•the fatal circumstances in the midst of which we were called upon to decide, be borne in mind, and let it be said of us-," They were unfortunate !" .The Journal des Minds, among some remark's added to an. extract from the above paTphlet, says— " BuonaparteAwill exists. A copy is in the hands of a London notary. in the will, which certainly is his own work, littotiaparee (and of this we have authentic proof), far from dis claiming the responsibility of the assassination of the Duke d'Enghien, takes it entirely upon himself, anti upon himself alone. Ile 6 proud of his crime, and declares in express terms that in the same situation he would not hesitate to repeat what he did in 1804." • Stivary again. THE ARMY. The 93d (Highland) Regiment of Foot, recently embarked at Cork, on board the Loyal Briton, Cato, I and Vibelia transports, has sailed for the West Indies. The 73d Regiment of Infantry, which is ordered from Scot land to Ireland, will embark at Ptyrtinttriek for I)onnnghadee. The ti nth (t2d York North Riding) Regiment of Foot, marched from Hull on the 14th inst., for Edinburgh ; where it will arrive on the 3d of December. The 17th (Leicestershire) Regiment of Infantry, which marched from Gosport on the 12th inst., will arrive at Hull on the 3d of December. The 23d (Royal Welch Fusileers) and the 77th (East Mid dlesex).Regiment of Foot, have received orders to proceed from Dublin to Cork, in order to embark for the respective de stinations. A Committee of five Officers has again been formed amongst the corps of Royal Engineers, to take the necessary steps to carry into effect a plan for the erection of a monument in West minster Abbey, to the memory of Lieut.-Colonel Sir Ric HARD FLETCHEU, Bart., a distinguished officer of that corps, who commanded the Engineer Department in the Peninsula from the year 18011 until the siege of San Sebastian, where he was killed by a musket-bull, when giving orders, on first leaving the trenches, to storm the place. It appears the subscription is confined to those officers who were in the corps at the period of his being killed. GUNNERY.—Some more experiments were made at Leith Fort, on Thursday last, with percussion shells, and attended with complete success. A target, two feet thick, was placed atlow water-mark, and several fired into it. It was found that they passed nearly through it before the explosion took effect, and the action was invariably forward, as the splin ters went into the sea, like a shower of grape. When the resist ance it meets, with forward is very great, the action will of course be again forced backwards; but we do not conceive that al most any thickness of timber will be sufficient to resist heavy metal. They have not yet been tried against a ship's side, and it may, therefore, appear premature tagive an opinion upon what ought to rest solely on expFriment. They have, however, been tried against targets of various thicknesses, from four to twenty four inches, made of old ship-timber, and if ever they should come to be generally used, we cannot help thinking that a con siderable change would be produced in naval warfare. It ap. appears to us that if two large vessels, armed in this manner, were each to fire a broadside at the same instant, .so as to take effect, that it would inevitably destroy both. Close action, in. stead of being desired, must therefore be avoided ; and as a single shot may go a great way towards deciding an action, more science and less hard fighting would be required. We conceive that the greatest security for any vessel would consist in its lying low in the water, and consequently that those with only one tire of guns,provided that they carried pretty heavy metal, would have a decided superiority over larger ones. The range at present-is double that of a common shell, and it is sup posed that it may still be increased. If, therefore, a single gun boat, having twr shells partly ; filled with combustible matter, were to attack a first-rate in a calm, at a long range, we conceive that the advantage would be on the side of the for. mer, even if the 'latter brought her broadside to bear. She might tire a great many rounds before she hit so *mall an object, while the other, having so large a body to fire at, would seldorner miss, It' a shell struck in the tops, or against a mast, it would instantly set the saili and rigging on fire. If it struck - between wind and water, it would either burst in the ship's side, or, passing through, explode in the hold, and till it with fire and smoke. A shell tired on Thursday at the Mar tilla Tower, at a range of 1200 yards, struck the water, rose a g ain, an exploded against the Tower ; and a similar instance having occurred in a former experiment at 800 yards. it is sup posed that frequently the effect would not be lost, although that should occur. We do not think it too much to suppose. that a shell from a 42. pounder, containing three pounds of powder, would be sufficient to blow the matimnast out of a first-rate. It may, therefore, be found advisable for ships of war to discontinue the practice of attacking forts, however small they may be. The, construction of the shells used on Thursday was conxiderably different from that of the preced ing ones ; anti the success was not a little owing' to the pains bestowed on them by the Carron Company.—(Edinburet Coo rargi, Nov. 11) Betviveil Saturday evenitie; ood:YondaY morn ing of the last week, the counting-house of CHARLES LAW RENCE, EN. Mayor of Liverpool, was entered, and rifled of about 3001. in notes and cash, and bills of exchange ; the whole amounting to upwards of 3,000/. Some farm servants, in passing through Forfar last week, with carts, halted on the side of the street until they did some errands. A. basket, containing some loaves of bread, was deposited in the back part of the foremost cart ; the horse in the rear commenced an attack upon the contents of the has ket, and devoured the loaves before the man returned. " Lord safe us !" exclaimed the lad, " 1 ne'er thocht tha t a horse could cat flour-breac afore. l, ....(FdlOurg h Courant, N o v. 17.) FOR THE SUN. MR. EDlTOR—Returning from Paris last week, I was tempted to sojourn fora few days at Rams- gate, and last Saturday, being on the Pier, with all the principal inhabitants, was present at the departure of Sir WILLIAM CURTIS in his yacht for Naples. He was greeted by loud cheers, and the most unequivoc,al expressions of attach ment and gratitude (even to tears) by those whose town and property had been so much bene fitted in the costly and magnificent works of the Pier and Harbour, owing, as all agreed, to the personal influence and exertions of the Honour able Baronet. To the credit of the Admiralty Board, the Weaiel sloop of war was lying in the Downs, to convoy the yatch to her destination,and a gallant Officer of the Navy, Vice-Admiral FERRIER, permitted to accompany the party flattering testimonials these of the sense of Government of the eminent services of Sir WILLIAM, of which we trust the whole country is equally impressed. he Trustees of the Harbour, not to be oto-done in attention to the venerable Baronet on so inte resting an occasion, and who has laboured " more than they all" in the glorious works of the Pier, directed that Lieutenant Wooovann, of the Royal Navy, Harbour-Master of the Port, should go down Channel in the yatch, and that Mr. MARTEN, the active Deputy Harbour-Master, should proceed the whole voyage to the Mediter ranean ; and they both departed accordingly. The wind hat been fair ever since; and doubtless the Weasel and its interesting little charge are clear of the Channel. I am Sir, yours, &C. Kensington, Nov. 18,1823. CMS. I3OW-LEGS. The following account bf a method for straight ening bow-legs was given by Sir AsirLuy COOPER, in his lecture on Wednesday last : " A person in this metropolis happened to have bow shins . A part of his duties was to teach ladies to draw and paint, and in prosecution of this branch of his profession he found his bow shins, tulle himself declared to me, a very great evil.— (A laugh. ) Ile felt that his merits were less fairly appreciated, and his in structions less kindly received, by reason of the convexity of his shins ; he was persuaded, in short, that his bow shins stood be tween hinsandhis preferment. Under this impression,he went to a very noted person in this town, and showing him his bone, (a laugh) said to him, ' Pray, Sir, do you think you can 'slake my legs straight ?'—' Sir,' said the Doctor, I think 1 can : if you *ill take a lodging in my neighbourhood, I think I can scrape down your shins, and snake them as straight as any man's. A lodging was taken ; the father of the patient assisted in the operation, and all three of them, the father, the son, and the Doctor, took a turn in scraping down the convex shins. A very great deal of rasping was required ; an incision of very consider able extent was made in the shin, the integument was turned aside, and an instrument which was at that time contained in the surgeon's case, called a rougee, was employed to scrape the shin bone. When the Doctor was tired of rasping, the father took a spell, and the patient, in his turn, relievedhis father. At last the shell of the bone became so thin that the doctor said they must proceed no farther with that leg„ , The other leg was then rasped an a'similar manner, and thus large wounds were produced in both of the shin-bones. The surfaces granulated very kindly, and very little exfoliation of the bones took place ; but unlucki ly the granulations would form bone, so that up jumped the bones of the skin again.—(Much laughter.)—The doctor, how ever, was resolved not to be defeated, and accordingly put a layer of arsenic over the whole surface. It was in consequence of the effects of this application, that I saw the patient. The arsenic was absorbed into the system, and he became paralytic in his arms and lower extremities. A great number of exfoliation* took place in his legs ; and he showed me a large box, in which the exfoliated portions of bone were contained. I recommended him to go into the country, and he went to Bath, were he stayed for some time, and got rid of his paralysis. This case made a good deal of noise in town ; and there were some surgeons who expressed a strong wish to prosecute the doctor. I re commended them, however, not to take any steps until I had seen the patient himself ; and when lie next came tome, I asked him whether he thought his legs improved, and whether he would again undergo the same operation, at a similar hazard of his life, to have his legs made a little straighter. He replied that he would, (a laugh) ; and under these circumstances, I of was opinion, that, as the young man was content, it was a folly to think of prosecuting the Doctor. The patient, in this case, appeared to be as great a fool as the Doctor whom he con sulted, and deserved to be punished for his folly. I have no wish to injure individuals; and I shall not, therefore, mention the name of the operator. Some time has elapsed since the case occurred, and the transaction is now almost buried in obli , vion.. One of the parties is since dead; not the person, how ever, who underwent the. operation, for he still lives, and is proud of his improved legs."—( The Lancet.) NATURAL HISTORY. Friday, A Course of Lectures on this interesting sub. ject was commenced last night at Albion-hall, by the Rev. A. FLETCUER. It comprised a general outline of the science, and was judiciously arranged, and well adapted to the promotion of its object—an illustration of the perfections of lion. We are glad to find that subjects of this nature excite curiosity and at tention. The Hall was crowded with auditors, the greater pro. portion of which was Ladies, who seemed to feel a lively in terest and anxiety to profit by the instructions. as we observed many of them sedulous in taking down such parts as appeared to them most important. The learned Lecturer commenced by a description of the influence of the DEITY iu the works of Nature, in which he introduced several quotations and testi. monies from the Scriptures, and from other writings of celebrity. " Gop warms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze, Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees, Lives through all life, extends through all extent, Spreads undivided, operates unspent." He then gave definitions of the different divisions or king. dams of natural history. The fossil, the vegetable, and the animal kingdom, which together form the terraqueous globe, and which arise out of each other in lovely and mysterious or der. The fossil kingdom formed the first deparunents of natural history, and contained all those materials which com pose our world. It might be denominated the house which the animated tribes inhabit, where they live, and dwell, and act in their different orders. The second, or vegetable kingdom, was that which served as a table replenished with the richest delicacies, derived from in.'. numerable flowers and plants—the description of which was the peculiar province of the botanist, and therefore did not come within the limits which he had prescribed to himself in this course. He, however, gave many happy illustrations of the wonders therein contained—the great fertility of certain plants, such as the Elecampane, which produced 3,000 seeds; the Sunflower, 4,000 ; and the Tobacco, 40.320. The means which the Derry had arranged for the protection of various plants in different climates, &c. A tree in winter, when divested of its summer foliage, w as f oun d to conta i n buds including leaves for a future period, most delicately folded up, in embryo, being too delicate to resist the cold, unless thus pro tected by a covering so compact as to e xc l u d e t h e a i r, and hav ing a varnish or glutinous matter overspreading it which no frost could penetrate. In considering the animal kingdom, or third department, he first took notice of the succession of one generation after another. For this end, there were laws established which no lapse of time could affect; and it was curious toobserve that the most loathsome insect which crawls upon the earth can vie with the proudest um march, who boasts of his long line of ancestry. Here also the Deity manifested his goodness to man, by suffering those animals (as sheep, oxen, &c.) which are most useful, to increase numerously, while those hostile to them (as lions and tigers) were found in comparatively small numbers. The care with which every epecks of living creatures protects its youn g , also procl a i me d the design and agency of protects who is their Lord and Creator. Various instances were given of thi s , as a l so of their method of defending each other. 'Die Reverend Lecturer then proceeded to show that, even in the destruction of those animals by each other, the great lews of nature were not violated, however diffi. cult it might appear to those who did not reflect on the great ends which were thereby attained for the general good. The lecture was rendered agreeable and instructive by the selection of examples, and the manner in which they were applied to elucidate the analogy that pervades every part of the creation. "..• , 4: ' ;,, - v . ~,, • . _ z.`; 2l ,i; '.---.:: .' - g= -. '. • .=--'-: * '') • 3/ MASONIC NOTICES FOR NEXT WEEK. ENGLAND. Monday, Nov. 24, Logyox. .Nos. 4, 46, 714 91, 104, 303, 321, 407, 450. COUNTRY. Nos. 227, 246, 320, 360, 490, 546, 578, 597, 701. - 25, Lowbox. No. 349. • COUNTRY. Nos. 38,67, 68 , 87, WI 340, 427, 537, 6 63 . Wednesday, --.26, LONDON. . Nos. 2,, 12, 235. Lodge et Benevolence. COUNTRY. Nos. 84, 112, 215, 314, 414, 440, 442, 478, 543, Tuesday, 543, 549, 661. Thursday, - 27, LONDON'. Nos. 7, 39, 82, 142, 1 56, 216, 327, 481. Gen' Court Fem. Sch. at 12 COt! wrnY. Nos. 110, 153, 176, 173, 243, 269, 453. - 23, LONDON. * • • COUNTRY. Nos. 53 236 , 283. • - 29, LONDON. COUNTRY. Nos. 412, 492. ' IRELAND. Thursday, Nov. 27, Conic. No. 27. Saturday, EnRATUM.—In our Theatrical Notice of follows:—" It is impossible not to recognize Curiatinut4 Volumniu, and Virgilia, in Cai lt s Gracchur, Cornelia, an d &c. &c. yesterday read a , Lid ala ,^ PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONE: O'CLOCK. India Stuck .................. India ai3o S ds tock ........ Smith Sea . Old Annuities ............... Ex. Bill 4 45 4 fi Ditto Swan ................... Bank for Act ....... . ....... India for Con. Acct. ...... Cons. for Acc. ...... . . ...... thia Bank Stock shut 3 per Cent. Red. 8 83 3 per Cent. Cont. ont 3,1 per Cent 4 per Cent. rld •••• 991 100 New 104{ per Cents. 1797 Bank Long Ann Imp. 3 per Cents. PRICE or FOREIGN STOCKS Ix LONDON, Nov =' Fr?nch AT ONE o'ct.ocii. f Five per Cents. 894. I,Scrip, 14. __ Six per Cents. 00. Russian Five per Cents. (Metallic) 00. Ditto New 83g. Five per. Cent. Bonds, 78. ; Five per Cents. (Metallic) 00. Five per Cent... Bonds, 1820, OP. :punish • • Ditto 1821,20. Ditto 1823, 191. f Five per Cent. Bonds, 80i. .. Prussian 1 Ditto New, 87f. . . Danish Five per Cent. Bonds, 00. Chili oBf. Colombian Six per Cent. Bonds, 58f. ) Peruvian New Loan, 00. Portuguese Scrip, i dis. I. e Poyais {4 N - w, 51. „,„ ("Bank Shares £00.03. ~ Neapolitan Austrian American Seven per Cent. 000. Six per Cent. 00-000. Five per Cent. 00-000. Three per Cent. 00 00. LONDON BRIDGE TO-31011R 0W : tes atter 3. 1 Evening, 21 minutes atter HIGH WATER A Alonting, b 9 minut( THE SUN. SOL.E.II QUIS DICERE F.41.6'11.11 AIIDEAT LONDON, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 20, SUBSCRIPTION FOR THE RELIEF OF TO SPANISH REFUGEES. We have been informed since our Publication of Tuesday, that a Committee of the highest re spectability is forming for the purpose of re lieving the distresses of those unfortunate Ref°. gees who have sought an asylum in our country Formed without any relation to Politics, its ° le object is to obtain subscriptions from the chars' table and generous. r The Spanish Committee, from motives 0, -I ' a racy, and apprehensive that any pror siti° v originating with them to relieve sufferers, might be considered as having a C° . ll • nection with politics, have therefore bee" i he duced to resign this necessary dull into 0 hands of others. At present eve shall not Slot any of the names of the Committee, as it I S n of as yet completely formed, but the memi" l6 , 4 will insure "' it will be men whose character nf 0 01 1 most judicious and faithful apPlica tinn • nathival contributions as a generous and sn. the unhapp y public may bestow. . i fpors• Subscriptions will .be received by , i; HOARE, BARNETT, and HOARE, LOOlblirti.°lf, and Messrs. HERMES, FARQUHAR) Sad James's-street. astioorelee l' ipeli t tedi t our preceding we lla ve 411'111 0 1 columns article from the Etoile, on the important qu i i : j otl 9 . of the South American States. It . hos ev' y • ~ „ ti 07 ' been written with the view of prodnefili; d ic ier pression in the English Cabinet; and t hc ilui iill from which it has proceeded may tber ef°l' l‘ iiv deed, inferred. But the writer must be g'e°loll,ol if he thinks that the means he hews stato al:dscateardqynu:aafitooletrra advantage, j o elat: h i s a:rniiodo, e a: n et eevddie: however, , o b r ybi t est i: i a sd t ie E nic nepgii des e i 5 i : thityre to l itilsi i : demi-official Note ; and thagtainiesdy ftri7elcititillei wishes and the intentions of France reSP ( 1 1 4 Id le South America, are at length plainlf 1 0 otir and, that whilst her wishes are, that sP • lit lie r recover tentiont i o te as r tsrisatnsiantl.tainieticacdcoominiin,iliosillsoileiltitigoftittibei to issiliunebrtjteolciatliltoy,n,,tuhnelersesmietdyshould be tleni : li d s A lr o j g er li than the disease!" In t ni he i i is distinctly apprized, that " Fr ance ' nr Il'e tbst I Cortex, " but has " overthrown " disowned the Govern-61°0;01r gmhteabne;:relotoll;rlo