The Sun. — London, England, 1852-06-16 00:00:00

o 44..,. t he upper class would bo most severely felt by the poorer (* Ltta, end it is desiVable, therefore, so' far as you con a nnsestently with the exigencies of the public se: vice, to avoid imposing a tax of this kind upon those who they be unable bear it. In tiro LIl of the, late Govern. me an as in the Act of 1802, it was proposed in the first ; ' lla t 4 nee to proceed to the ballot. The present Govera luaU, however, considered most anxiously whether it would not ha poseible altogether to dispenss Vole the bs "e B sily ot having recourse to a mole of proceeding so adl erne to the feelings of the country, ono involvieg so mLLtth additional expense, inconvenience, and hardship, and after all, in nine.een cases out of twenty, not obteine 1 ,e,1C the services of that:o upon whom the ball o t fans. In r° year 1831, which was the last °se:Bice when the allot was put into exercise:a force was required to be r than 18,000, of 2,500 men. There were balloted for not less tuan 18,000, and' of 'that number, after going through all ,. the precesses.of the preliminary inquiry, there were 44 ,000 or 16,000 exemptions which wore .claimed and s ubstantiated, while of the 2,000 or 3,000 actually taken 11 % more than 120 of those who were balloted for s erved in the force; the remainder having provided s ubstitutes. It came, therefore, to this—that by the volunteer system you will get at once the same class - of Persona--not the most desirable, perhaps, bu t still ca pable of makiug'very good soldiers—who .serve 83 Sub stitutea after you heve gone through all the delay, ex pense, and inconvenience of the ballot. Let me just Point out to the House, with a view of showing the delay and expenseeof proceeding under the ballot, some of the st eps which are necessary to put that sys t e m in motion. l l n a the first place, as soon as possible after the 10th of ,uote'teer, a sub-division meeting is appoi nted to be held 'e every c ounty; lists are then to be returned of all m e n betwe en the ages of 18 and 45 in the division; then comes a notice to persons claiming exemption; lists are sou to be made out of persons who have net 'claimed e xemption, notice of appeal is then to be given, and, utter disposing of the appeals, complete lists are .to be t t. ado oat and forwarded by each sutedivtsion meeting tn'a the general meeting of the county. This general re turn •- „then to be forwarded to the Secretary of State, the numbers to be raised are apportioned to each sub. division, then comes a second meeting of the sub.divi !ion to appoint the members subject to the arrangements I ssued by the general meeting. Three weeks sifter that It third sub-division meeting is to be held, to proceed to t ittle the ballete. Notice is then to be given of the men who have been struck by the ballot, and three Weeks after .ft fourth subdivision meeting is obliged to be held for the purpose of calling upon the men ultimately chosen by the ballot, to appear to show cause i f they can why they should not serve. All these pro ceedings occupy a period of, from first to lasn'not much short of three months, to say nothing of the great ex tinge incurred in the various stages. The great bulk of ese expenses were, under the Act of 1802, defrayed t 'roat the county rates. We look upon this as a grievous Pressur e upon the local finances of the country, and we b elieve that even if it cannot be Altogether avoided, yet, i ts far as possible, we desire to throw it upon the gene rsl fawn; of the country, it being clearly and unexcep tionably amexpense which should be borne by the cone.- tt t ll at l a r ge . W e hope that in most cases we may be nu t ie to dispense with the tedious and expensive machi nery of the ballot. We hoped so at the commencement Of the session, and further information which w e have °Lane received leads us to believe that in many, if not in most, o f kit the counties of England we shall experience no e -teeny whatever in raising the quota which may be 14 t , ed by volunteers, and without having recourse to the ( u ear.) We do not purpose to alter the cha tleter of the existing militia—we do not desire to intro duce a force of . a lees constitutional character than the Present militia—we do not wish to obtain an army of under th name of a militia; but we to le a e eserve the force,, e subject as the present force is, todesire the co tatmand.of those country , gentlemen who, in the time °l lauger to the country, have never hesitated., to !eke the ir proper places in its defence, and who are entitled to r • - t , receive as upon former occasions they have received, t ie confidence of the. Crown in raising and commanding ;T e e force when necessary. We have, however, with a * to the increased efficiency of the force, made an alt eration in the qualifications of the different ranks of t he officers. While under the present system the legal q u alification depends upon the possession of landed pro ru7t3r, we propose that with respect to all officers below ot o rank of. Major—that having the honour to hold ti t 0 t i fltuniseion in her Majesty's service shall be assumed be a sufficient qualincation for the militia. At the ▪ e time let .me guard myself by saying that it is not ,'",,.ended in the slightest degree, by the introduction of ''neers holding commissions in the regular forces, to in terfere in any degree in this appointment—that will rest as before with the lord-lieutenants of the re ta*Peetive counties. The time for which we propose the ilitia shall be called out in each successive year is a r i e a t iod of 21 days, liable to be diminished at the discre fof her Majesty to three days, comprising, in point of tatot, nothing more than a mere muster, and of being P r etend to . not l e ss than fifty-six days. I do not vreteed to say that a drill of twenty-one days is suffi ties, see 7t to convert a raw recruit into an effective inter; but I think it will not be contradicte d that a po- Ca Of fifty-six days under able and intelligent officers t 'quite sufficient to enable the rawest c ountr y recruits ° take th at pos iti on , an d discharge all the duties which, o bra in the event of an invasion, they would bo likel y to of c alled upon to occupy and perform, while even a drill if twenty-one days will be found to be of great a d vanta g e e su b sequenn training. Another important p oint i u th e at ntitill is a provision for enabling the - Board of Ord.th'a . to select, at a higher rate of pay, some men .from militia for the purpose of instructing them in the of artillery—a knowledge which could not fail to tserviceable to them when called upon to perform Iner i:ail' duty, There-are provisions in the'Bill fore qualis ng tbnpressure of raising the men in different years. It 1 the that of the 80,000 men 50,000 should be raised taa present year, and a reduction being then made in ao 9 nvaileble population for future years, not More than 1 ,,,,' °06 will be raised in the following year. There is a t rision also r that in the event of the 50,000 not being ttvi ls ed in the present year, an excess over the 30,000 the be raised in the .next year, sufficient to snake up ni t number of 80,000; and in the event of threat nt:ll or actual invasion, power is reserved to her l as tY to increase the total force to 120,000 men. s i„,tir,oposing the adoption of the volu n t eer s y stem w e a re L - "„ I PLY adopting a plan, w hich was in actual operation in ttn a ati during the whole of the last war. In the course of n last war the nu mber of en who volevolunteered into the reg ula r troops from the militia was 64,000, and among h: tn , the Noble Duke at the table (Wellington) will not t bktsfe to sa y that he found many who, after a very by the period of service, were every way wo r t h y to stand e f t gie aid e o f th e old-trained soldier of the Peninsula r. e l bear.) We propose then to revert to the :nsitnown constitutional system of the m ilitia, but we 1 ° Pose to reverse the process which has hitherto taken Place, and instead of making volunteers subordinate to, kid f th ()flowing the ballot, wo propose to take the ballot as great majority of the counties, without the expense at antasot upeu the ballot, and without much difficulty,, we n nall raise by volunteers the full, number of men which ee t e be required, and that this force will be raised by Persons who ,es volunteers will receive at once that stinty which they would re ce ive as sub s titutes under t he ballot, with all its inconveniences and expense. whil e upon the one hand I do not feel it consistent with. t he discharge of the high and important duty which devolves upon me to deprive the Crown of the last re '▪ e fi ti ice, of that which I think necessary, though undoubt ;;;Y an ineonvenient and oppressive mode of proceeding t the service of the.country, yet I desire to postpone th e exercise of that method until all others have been w i l l e 4 . I believe that in. the course of the year wo shall o taiu theexperience that it will not, be necessary to tt a ve recourse, to any such . proceeding; but t hat . the. it t s 'alt.ef Englishmen will induce them to come forwa rd de 'volunteers—to tender their services first of all, no i j u t ilbt, for the performance of a comparative trifling duty, mot e eventually to take upon themselves to perform those th 're effective ones which may fell upon them in case it tf ,cttlid bo necessary to employ them in actual service. I stunt that your Lordships will give, if not an unanimous, viZtl. events a very general concurrence to a -policy, t b, following in the. first instance the course recom mended,,i_ by the late Government, but departing from the 471 recommended by it.with respect to some of the do e:v.lst we have thought it our bounden duty to attempt to fi fy through Parliament for the purpose of giving per -4 end entire security to the country, not againat any Present invasion, but against the possibility of hostile ag eession.-.-(flear, hear.) I beg. my Lords, to move the laond reading of the Militia Bdl. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said that he felt too greatly the importance of the subject to remain altoge ther silent on tho present occasion. While lie was not pr epared to give his negative to the motion of the Noble ho felt it his duty thus early in the debate to state sg e grounds upon which he assented to the proposed n ttnsure, Itin believed, in com mon with her Ma j est y 's 'at/erne:not, .witto his colleagues with whom ' be had re 4ntl ' Y acted, he might add in common with the 11 1 „ 4 , e , 5 t portion of the reflecting people of this - country, the 'would be utterly unsafe to leave the defences of I n' a country in their present condition, and he. would WI " shrink from taking his share in any unpopulsrity ka — , ett mightattach to an attempt to put those defences " w as bound, however, at the more effective state. - n os .same time, to say that while ne abstained . from op ing such a measure, because he felt in the present dirdetu3lntsta"" of the country and of Parlittenent,miefasthuerye at alll--- Pass this measure they could adopt no f if, h calculated to give efficiency .to far to give a our de ences— ,,,ip,c slid, on that ground he was bound Ito.. te nt ar tg acquiescence to the adoption of the measure, it ge r „ l , l t qually his duty to state fairly and without exag kitnon the doubts and difficulties that pressed on h is 1411 with respect to the efficiency of this measure; above re e ' o ',! it was to be considered as a solitary measure for at `inf.,. the exigencies of the defences. Whet was the if ur° of those exigencies? It . would be a different casts e,Y eo tia were Propering by slow degrees to_ to !wise :this it o tt i trY to that station which most of them were satisfied th e -04 to occupy. But it was not a crisisenadmitting t o Possibility of invasion—that would be likely to lead foe! ieng-Protracted war. What we re qu ire d was a large er 'a stationed along our shores, which should at once th e ' 4 such an invasion. Now did this measure give us Rave, %s*urance that an .efficient and well-diseiplieed army att lie was compelled to come to the conclusion that trtgLnot. What would be the effect of twenty-one &y e , in furnishing or even of forty-two or fifty-six days' trainin,r, blid O ish ill2; us with the material which we wanted? Ile been told, on competent authority, that from a drill - number of recruits for the regular army , th e utmost tha tb e could b e expected of them in twen t y -one da y s would T h that they should be able to' march.—(A laugh.) tr e Y would 'certainly not be considered fit to be ern u 'aied with muskets or bayonets. At least twent y -one do "' more drill would be requisite before they could be to !Likitte4l to carry such arm. Well, then, would a militia tiled coo or evemin two y e a rs ' be ju nt a :4;l! t'r a e i °4 • te " with an experienced, powerful. . trained army?—(Bear, near.) state of things to fancy we h a d suc h a n army, wilul In . It would be tin alarming SUN, t be ready who called out at almost an hour's notice. Nov, he asked,. would the proposed militia ruswer that de scription? It wa obvious that no force not permanently embodied could be suflieiently disciplined to meet regular troopi in the field, Their main reliance Mast be on their army and navy. Ho* could they expect to get men to serve at 7s. a week who were pro babl y receivin g at least 12s. a week w ages as ltdeoucere?; They proposed also. to take them from tla ir honeee for a period of lied yeare, i n order to make them serve es common soldiers, a ale the diaadeantages of being subject to martial law and to the regelar military discipline. Looking at all the induce ments field out tothe, soldier; he was of opinion that:the soldier's career was. by no Means a bad one to him .who etas ready to do his dtitY. But this was .not the case with the militia. If they paid down the hounty at once they would piobablyaet. the Most wOrthlees of the .poe pulation, who would be tempted by the 'amount to enlist. , fie feared that under, this Bill mon would •be found' pocketing the bounty,. with which they would proceed to California, to Canada, or the United States, and that when they were wanted they would not be forthcoming. And now a word upon the subject of desertion. By the Act. of 1803, it was proposed to raise an army,of reserve e£ 49;880 men. The number actually raieed was 45,492." Of these 2,871. were ' balloted men, substitutes for re , emits. Of the whole number only 44,071 joined their e regiments, and of the'ee, during ton montba, 5,651 de serted, Or were claimed as deserters, and 2,116 were charged - with committing other offences. , Under this . BM, if meta could not be procured by voluntary enlist ment, recourse was to he had to the ballot. There Was . this, however, to be urged as a merit in the Act of 1803—namely, that every balloted man could claim frona the parish in which he lived one-half of the cur ,rent price of a substitute, provided a certificate wore procured from the deputy-lieutenant of the county. If the price of a substitute should:rise to 301., which was a low average, the party could call upon the parish to pay him 151. Although this provision was beneficial to the individual, it was not so to the country, which Might; on account of 80,000 men, be called upon within the next two years to pay, perhaps, Baum of 1,200,000/. Rethought it particularly hard upon the people of the manufacturing districts to compel service or impose a heavy fine. With regard to prece-, dent, he denied that the principle-on which past militias had been raised was that of pressing the lower orders , into the service, in preference to the classes above them. By an Act of Charles IL the onus of furnishing to the ranks of the militia was thus established. A man pos eessing 50/, a year, or 6001., in money, was to supply a foot soldier. - A person receiving 600/. a year, or in the possession of 6,000/, in money, a horse soldier ; and men ,of smaller property were to club their funds together, to enable them to supply their contingent. He believed in the patriotism of the people of this country, but it behoved Parliament to. beware how it - alienated that feeling of patriotism by committing an act of injustice. ; But he hadether ohjectionsao the Bill. Whilst he be lieved the milis would prove a failure he at the same time felt confident that it would interfere with recruit ing for the regular army.. It was impossible to go into the market for 80,000 men_ for this force Without crip pling regular enlistment. It _could ba incontestably shown . times, that the ballot had, .in.past lead the effect of checking the ordinary recruiting for the, army,. and that men held back in the hope. of being required as substi tutes in the militia. He confessed he shared in the ge . neral persuasion that this measure would never be car ried into effective operation. , If. it was, ha thought it would succeed in enlisting only the least steady, the least industrious, and the, feast intelligent portion of the working population. Would it be wise to procure Bach' men, partially train them in the use of arms, and then, after:the lapse of five .yeete, turn them loase upon the country ? The danger of such a course had been felt lu France, and it would he well to avert it here. At the prese nt moment there was no political excitement amongst the working classes, owing, as lie believed, to there being no grounds' of ecimplaint .as to their condi , done but it ought to be remembered that ten years had not yet passed over our heads since it was necessary to send a military force into the manufacturing districts to restore order. He denied that there was any inconsis • t e ney in Opposing:. this Bill and supporting that of Lord John Russell, for the two - measures were : essentially different, so diffeient that it 'was - hardly possible . to ap prove of the one and not disapprove of the other. The one measure provided for what was called a local *Mitt, and the other for a general militia; . both proposing to , take - the measure passed at the. period of the last war as a foundation. In 1809 Lord Castle. reagh, introducing the Bill for the formation of a local militia, Maintained what h o (E a rl Gr e y) con tended ought to by the principle on which a reserve' force ought to be enrolled to assist the regular army; Under the old Act, incase of actual invasion, the 'local militia could be removed to or from any part of the country, and such was the intention of the Bill of Lord John Russell. _,Lord, Castlereagh p ro p ose d a strictly' l oc al force, to.be permanently embodied' in case of `ac tual invasion,, and then only in case of the inability on the part of counties to supply voluntary 'corps. He (Earl Grey) thought it unfortunate that the intention of Lord Castlereagh had been departed from, and that a local militia, which had proved a most valuable force, was supplanted by a regular militia.' Since the war the regular militia had cost thecountry 8,000,0001, and froth that period to the presint he doubted whether it had contributed one iota to the safety of the empire. Lord J. Russell in his Bill proposed' that no militia should be raised in those counties where vol un t ar y corps could be established. The contingent to be supplied by au organized police ought : not to be forgotten. Ho be lieved that at the present tem:tient in a majority of our counties the police force was inefficient and ineffective,— (Hear, hear)- e -and .he thought . county magis trates would do well if, proceeding upon the authority of Aeta of Parliament, they set about forming a more complete police force than now existed, ehe expense. of the force to be thrown upon the, general revenue. , A police force ,formed on the model of the Irish constabulary would be a. protection to the country in time of war, and could render most effective service in time of peace. It, was also a part of the plan of Lord John Russell to assist the fornaationef voluuteerrille corps, on the understanding thaathey were recommendedby the lord-lieutenants of counties, and that the parties accoutrements. Such °, f orce would add, he .thought, to who composed- them should find th eir o w n arms and , the safety of the coantry. By. encouraging. such corps the practice of the rifle would becorao as much au amuse ment with the young men : who belonged to themeas the Use of the bow did with our ancestors. In a period of . actual inva s i on s uch a force would be found far superior to a mere body of .niercehhrielt and although it might not be ableto contend with the disciplined ,troops of Russia or France, it would, as containing.the. flower of the young men of Eoglaed, prove a very formidable auXiliary to the regular array. The measure of his Noble JTriend wouldhave reduced the.peried of embedie merit to the m i n i mum o f t e aelve, mooths, or, it ordinary circumstances six mouths. The greet objeetion.to..the present Bill was, that the bolter classes of the people would not expose t h ems elves, to the risk O f bein g ca lled o u t .. tease:rem as spldiers fur SO , lon g : a period as , five yeaes e is in the event of tear breaking out. The Goverement hurl at the same time, v irtually rejected the, uirers of 'the volunteer corps, under t he idea that they Would iuteeferewith the eervice of the militia. That; however, was ee,. could afford to fur n i s h th e mselves with arms and QC. fplikoy; f o r the class .of p er s o n s, who ceutremeute were: not ;likely. to enlist in the militia us common soldiers, - , Thy: Bill of his ttiohle Frielei ad naiteed substitutee, and though, undoubte dl y , it also al hewed the ballot—it was only as a last resort or reserve; ,apd if ho,had conceiv e d th ere was the . least possibility of its being practically required and enforc ed, he would never'havo been a party tattle propel's! of the: measure by- the late Government. He con ceived, upon those grounds that the differences between the two measures were so serious and so much matter of pr inciple, that it was impossible for -any one who had adopted the first measure to agree to th e p re sent one. He would n e w offer a few observations on the general state of the de fences of 'the country. Ile considered that we tweet mainly rely on the righter troops the ,navya prideipally, on the navy. Ho was of opinion that we. ought ,to possess a naval force sa ‘perior to any other ,force , which we could ever have to meet in the Channel—equal to the navies of Frauce and Russia. It .was not necessary thattilti force should be always in the Channel, but within a mo derate distance, whence it could be brought beck in a short time. It was better for the discipline of the navy that it should be stationed in the Mediterranean or in the Tagus than at Portsmouth. The Government should take care, however,. to have information of what was going on abroad, so as to have aforce always available at short notice, empilior to any force wo might have to meet. A superior naval force diminished the necessity for a standing army, whiele, after all, was the only force, on which, when it ,came .to actual fighting, we could place any reliance. With a superior naval fordo wo might do, of course, with a far less military force. Ile did not believe the defences-of the country to be in so inadequate a condition as had been represented; on the contrary, our naval force had been augmented since 1846, and the number of troops (excluding artillery) was about the same. The artilleryalso had been placed upon such a tooting that it would soon be nearly double' what it was when-Lord J.. Russell acceded to office. .This was the branch of the service which, as it. took most time to train, ought , most to .be looked to in. a period of peace. His opinion was, that meaus..should be taken to provide for prepeely increasing the regular troops. This could not be provided,,fer by a mere increase of the standing army. It was requisite to take. means for, se curing the more, rapid, recruiting of the troops in aim of war, unii,for, inakipg the force ,as efficient as possible. With respect ,tothe eystom of recruiting and training, he balieved considerable improvement.tnight be 'introduced in order to attain these objects. In .1847 he bed intro duced a. Bill to shorten thee period of, enlistment to 10 years. - The illustrious Duke (Wellington), whose opie Ilion on such subjects it would, be presumptuous to dise pate, hail then declared the effect of such a. measure would be to deprive ,tbe army of numbers, of valuable . men wh o harlsorved more than 10 years. But he (Earl eGurretyh)titdionuebotteivdenwiletentcheeirnit time e h o t fnopt,e4.ll,wienll.oervdeenr to l o ) s in e : a which was . cure the great object of a. strong reserve of regularly trained tr o o p , important on account of the epposition certain to so be made, in this cooetey egaiest the centittuanee of a ne homy in time of peeee.- Al is. Pet oseeirneQu's standing would be that after 10 years' service: ealdieri 1,11%1; . be allowed to a' - and be enrolled p*iaiiere, who wows r"" regularly trained force, available in any einerg t ` hcn e fw'm a With regard to the training of the troops, toe, the-tr,;'neces'' room for improrement. ne believed at present th a tt ; ts ' ;' ' '' was ne seffieientty cfreptive system of training in ope ‘ Zt r e! Lion, in the army, and.: e2(Nchilly with respettet to ,ball e firiag there word not proper facilitieS 'feu; practice . . He hid even lieird,thet the troops who had one out in the , Rirkonliead took their .firot le,ssote3 in firing tnii 1 during a few days while the ship was detained ac l'ofts month. Ile was of oeittien rico that the pray tiee ef for ' tificatiOu was not suflieieutly attended to in Our array. Zn tad " COnvergitioils of the Emperor igapoleov; it THE truth we had it not. Lot their Lordships consider, if an invas4;ll took place, end-that, no:, owing to the want of Bri , ,ish coarage or sup;ort, but owing!,o the wont it should prove successful, what would proper discipline, be, tbe cif cc on he moral courage . and moral discipline of this, country? Besides, there WWI ahother considera tion—naincly, the very great uncertainty of obtaining those. Caen again when ence.wo had parted with. them. He agreed with t;.,e tV )Ae Earl-that the ballet should tae avoido;. bar, ;A:: Coo saine tune, if. the Noble relied entirely on ins viunteere, let him remember that b e relied upon men gathered,from all parts of the own persons of the • Tneo ~ .locomotive description. / ,and could undergand a state of things in, which the non commissioned officers would be fully occupied in follow ing roost, won frein one part of the country to the other, and endeavouring to bring them hick to those colours which they had abandoned, and •which they had a mo tive in.abandoning . . , . He therefore c aild not consider that thaarmy raised under this if it • could :be called an army at all, was, or would provo to be, cno whilh could be relied on. Ho could not dud in history that a militia had been found available for active service, at all resembling that which•was proposed to be raised by- thisß,li. The American militia hO:e no resemblance to this in any of its qualities, in the mode in which it was: procurede or in the military heti& which it ac quired; and even the recently reaped, saimats of the United: states showed themselves auything -bat cem potent for active service, as was proved during; the Mexican war. Again, there was the land wehr of Ger many; but that was an army . reserve, :competed of old soldiers, who came into the field clothed with.all their military attributes. It would undoubtedly place the courage of Englishmen in a false position if t under any circumstances, they were to be subjected to the fire of a regular army composed of well-disciplined troops. In the year 1831 the present King of the Belgians was exposed, together with that kingdom itself, to a violent attack from the Netherlands, and a conflict ensued, ,in which the Belgian troops were entirely worsted, by those of Holland. The reason • was, that the Belgian army was imperfectly trained, and went into the conflict in want of discipline and habit to meet the troops of Holland, who bad all the advantage of training and discipline. His Noble Friend (Earl Grey) had just reminded him that when, in 1848, the pourage and spirit of those troops came to botested, they proved that they were not wanting in either, and that ,they were capable, under that Sovereign, of affording the most effective assiste.ne- to any force, Hodid net feel confi dent that this Bill would provide an army capable of being depended on in actual service. The Noble Earl had a right to ask bim (the Marquis of Lansdowne) whether he relied on the Bill of the late Govern ment as affording an efficient militia. He WaS bound in candour to say he did not so rely. At the same time he thought it expedient that the people of • this , country should bo drilled gradually to the use of arms. He looked to the possibility : of their being brought into a state in which they would be useful for serving in garrisons incase of need; bu:. he did not think - that any militia, short of an army of reserve, which was a• very different thing, would supply that deficiency which we were bound ,to supply with the view to an , effioacious defence. With his repugeane4 to a standing army, he,still thought it his duty to avow his opinion that the best, safest, and most efficient of all remedies would be found in a force of that kind.—(Hear, hear.) He thought that an army of reserve would be far prefer able to any force raised under the measure before the House, and not much more expensive. He believed the expense attending this - measure would bo much greater than the Noble Lord 'imagined. At all events an army of reserve would be what the fOree raised under the Bill would not be—a real bond fide reliable defence.—(Hear, hear.) Ho trusted, in conclusion, that this imperfect measure would be the only one which Parliament would have recourse to for the tupe° of placing it on that pinnacle which was essential to its glory, its independence, and its perpetuity.—(Cheers.) The Duke of WELLINGTON was at 'times very • imperfectly heard. He said—l am certainly the last man to have any hesitation of opinion as to the relative advantages of meeting an enemy with disciplined or • with undisciplined or half-disciplined troops. The things aro not to be compared at all.—(Hear, hear.) With disciplined troops you are acting with a certain degree of confidence that what they are ordered to perform they will perform.—(Hear, hear.) With undisciplined troops you can have no such confidence; on the contrary,' the chances are' that they will do the very reverse of what they are ordered to do.--(Llear, hear, and a laugh.) Bat we must look a little at the state iu which we stand at the present moment.—(Hear, hear.) This country is at peace 'with the whole ,world, except in certain parts, or on the frontiers of its own distant dominions, a ith which operations of war are carried on by means of our peace establishment. You are now providing for a peace establishment; you are at peace with the whole world; you are providing for a peace establishment. I say that peace establishment ought to have been effectually provided for lung ago.—(Cheers.) If' it had been, we should not have needed now to be told, as we have been by the Noble Marquis, about the number of days and weeks it will take to train the mili tia recruits, or about the futility of expecting anything to the purpose from troops with their three weeks' or their six weeks', or what time it may be, training. • We have never, up to this moment, maintained a proper peace establisbment—that's the real truth—(Llear, hear) —and we are now in that position in which we find our selves forced to form a peace es:ablishinent such as this country requires.—(Lear.) I tell you that fur the last ten years you have never bad in your ermy more men than enough to relieve the sentries on duty of your sta tions in the different parts of the world—([fear, hear) — such is the state of your peace establishment at the pre sent time; such has been the state of your peace estab lishment for the last ten years; 7 --(Hear, hear.) You have been carrying on war in all parts of the globe, in the different stations, by means of this peabe establish ment; you have now a war at the Cape, still continuing, which you carry on with your peace establishment; yet on that peace establishment I tell you you have not more Men than are enough to relieve the sentries at the different stations Mall parts of the world, and to relieve the diffe rent regiments in the tropics and elsewhere, after set vices there—of how long . do you suppose?—of, in some cases, twenty-five years, in none less . than ten years— (Hear, hear)—and, after which, you give them five years at home, nominally—for it is only nominally in a great many cases. There were, for instance, the last troops who were sent out to the Cape; instead of keep-' ing t h em five yeaes at home, after their long service abroad, I was obliged to send them out after they had only been sixteen months at hotne.—(Hear, hear.) My- Lords, I toll you you've never had a proper peace estab lishment all this time. Wo aro still at peace with all the world; let us, then, have a peace establishment— our constitutional peace establishment; and, when you have got that, see what you will do' next. The Noble Marquis, my Nettle Friend, if he will telow me so to call him, says he thinks he should prefer an army of reserve. An army of reserve! What is an army of reserve?— (Hear, hear.) Is it an army to cost less than 40/. each men all round? If he thinks that possible, 1 tell hire that we can have no such thing..—(liqur, But what I desire—and I believe it is a desire the most moderate that can he formed—is; that you shall give us, in the first instance, the old con stitutional peace establishment,—(Hear, hear.) When we have got that, then you may do what yitu please : The Noble Marquis says, very truly, that these'so,ooo, or 80,000, or 150,000 militiamen won't he fie for service in six months. or twelve months, or eighteen months; bat I say they'll he -fit, at all events, for some service; and certainly they'll enable us to eniploy in . the 'field others who are fit for service =- (Hear, hear)—and in time they will themselves become fit for service. lii` the lest war we had in service several regiments of English militia, and they were in as high a state of discipline and as fit for service as any men I ever saw in my life.—(Hear.) It was quite impossible to have a body of troops in higher order, or in'higher discipline, or more fit for discipline than these bodies of British militia were 'at the commencement of the present century up to 1810; they were as fine corps as ever were seen--(Hear)e-and I say, no doubt these bodies of 50,000 men or 80,000 men, whatever the number may be, will be so too, 'in' the 'course of time.—(Hear, hear.) Everything has its beginning,-and this is a commencement. You' must make a beginning here, and see that it will take some months before you can form reserve regiments.--(Hear, hear.) The armies of England, who have served the country so well, are year Lordships so mistaken as to suppose that they were ever composed of more than one third of real British subjects—of natives of this island? No such thing.—(Hear, bear.) Look at the East Indies. Not more than one-third of the soldiers there are such British subjects. Look at the Peninsula; not one of the men employed there were ever British soldiers. Yet I beg.your Lordships to observe what services those soldiers performecl.—(Hear, heti.) They fought great battles against the finest troops in the world; they went prepared to face everything—ay, and to be successful. against everything, or this country would not have borne with them.—(Hear, hoar.) Not one-third of those armies were British troops, but they were brave troops, and not merely brave--for I believe every man is brave —but well-organized troops. Take the battle of Wa tcrloo—(Hear, hear)—look at' the number ' of British troops at that battle. I can tell your Lordships that in that battle there were 16 battalions of Hano verian militia, just formed, under the command of tho late Hanoverian -. Ambassador hero Count •Kielmansegge, who behaved most admirably, and there were many other foreign troops who nobly ( si u de ea d r u s sheinsrt)h_atwbhaotstele,oarveroawteiodnlys h tn e e lpe b d at t t o le b o r f in gia pg a n ibi t n s oue: the victory which was followed by the peace of Europe; that has now lasted for 32 or 34 years.—(Hear, hear.) I say that however muhh I admire highly:di e m and most o.lpecially British disciplined troops, I you must not suppbse that others cannot become begin with so too-- t t r e o ll o y p o s, u (Hear, hour)—aud no doubt, if you e f c e P s s a ti r r l s i a l m a e rte' t th herm eyfoisillatiinontii?le.bereocrvopemsr ender wha this he r A p e r t e d o they do become what the former m ilitia were; and e may rely on it they will perform all m th i e li a ti o a n ,t, e ,T'th Y :y il ese; be required to perform.—(Hear, o h o r n3 ar m ,) ere l e . r m e e c n om t to adopt this measure us the peace' estahl ish censtitutiotal reente—(Heer, hear.) It will give' you a a eve I thing we could ' desire, but by degree it will !Rome of fo t r he some . tin ry- Isar arnay. i;l:hrea:;yiotu%'w.ilairnito--,tetuffitan:de:ffiaYtn:::firle::::ozrililry force to the reFu -(Flear, hear.) Earl GREY paid, that no doubt duringthe war the militia was a valuable fo • but it should be teaallaute.d, th go-however, fer theta to visa' tr here was, it `in tee : t' the propoted ',': s f force t'''-t• was s3tPhuernP 3" Pe " a W rr' l ee . s I 'l 3 6 .( c ' moubirriPegdulfaorrcaer'm yir. To all likely to oe a use in eAs. of any sadden etnerazasv Uen this p he rett? ,, k , bet shej, Staid nos., , to trust them, What liey wanted ' to t k u x ,l7r• being exposed to a sudden atteek- beforet.'a' a gainst were t ley PrePued to WO it. Whe maul % it b ould be such as to LONDON, WEDNESDAY r wee stated that the Emperor —an excellent judge of the • art of war—declared that in modern time this was far too much disregarded. The measures he (Eart - GreY) recommended could b 5 carrit d into effect at a very mo derate' outlay, prohahlyeof 200,0001.; and would add ma terially to the efficieecy of the army. He objected to the Bill, becauee he believed it would not attain its object while entailiqg much expense, and Sending to, effect the. recruiting of the army. For these r eas o ns h e should cer tainly ra y "not content" to the second reading.. The Earl of ELtESMERIiI said he was of •opieion that the measure *as neceisary, and that it ought to be accepted by Parliament. He presumed that no Govern ment would bare undergone The obloquy 9f proposing it had there ttoZ been some sort of apprehoesion of danger.. Jie f )inid suddenly a largi body' of the country and of that Houie Weed on the abstracit: question Of the ne cessity of some such defeneive Measure al' was coetained in the present Bill. From whatever cause, this feeling took its rise, he was bound .ee SAY he entertained the . his opinions sound or unsound, th e y rea t e d eo n• the con tinental relations Which at preae tt t ex i ste d.-• -He should be sorry to make allusion to a n y i n di v id ua l or to cast any reflections on France; he was aware t h a t the road to popularity in this country 'same opinions he had expressed four y ears ago. But be some years ago was abuse of France:bat that feeling hail - long The noble person at the head of °gars in sin ;` e ra c n h c a e n h g a ed d . gieen no reason to suppose ho had forgotten the hoipitality ho received from this country, or that, bein g at the head of powerful legion:., he would be inclined, merely on em . bitious grounds, to mere' the m , i n h ost ility towards this country. He said tints much became ho was unxions Jo make it appear-that h e f ounde d his pre sent views, not on circumstances of the moment, but on general views and considerations. 'lle agreed with much that had been addressed' to their Lordships. He ad mitted that militia would • piOve ' inferior when opposed to well-disciplined troepi. - dlii not think' the present Bill likely to produce effective tirbops to meet the dis ciplined troops of : France; but he grounded his support 'of the Bill. on the ;fact of other services that the militia could with advantage perform .They could be thrown into garrison, and ba:employed in serv i ces w h e re 'they would be of the-utmost:use and as s i stance to t h e regular: army. He would not trespass furth er, exce pt to 45 7 that he could not reason with peace societies. It was impossible to meet their argiiments, beca u se they were based upon religious - principle,' and w he n r eligious principle was imported . into a qttestion, it was irnP°'' Bible to reason parties, out_ of th e i r conv i ct i on . The Noble Lord. had alluded to an expre s s i on which had fallen from him ;some time ago, w hi c h h a d been much commented upon, and which h a d d r awn on him, as he admitted, a proper rebuke. He alluded to an 'expression that had curiously, fallen from biro*, to the effect that' if 'en invading army reached London, the Lord Mayor would present the commander with the keys at ono gate, while the foot guards marched out at the other. lie heartily apologised for these words. IL theant no reflection on any body of men---he* 'only meant to convey what ho considered Lobe the true defettho of the' country in case of invasion, He believed so vast was London that 1500Q0 troops would be lost in it, and that they would -be shot down and destroyed through loopholes in the houses. Ile believed, how ever, that Government was proceeding in a right direc tion in making better provision for the defence of the country. • • • The Earl of WALDEGRAVE apprOved of the mea 'sure (we understood), and considered the objections which had been made were only questions of detail. The Bill was then read a second time and ordered to be committed on Thursday.... The School Sites Act Extension Bill was read a third time and passed, • Other Bills were moved a stage. . nomi• The Committee on Baron de Bode's claims was nated. • • • • • , • ASSESSMENT 'OP TIIB PROPERT Y _ TAx. The Duke of RICIDIOND, presented a pe t i tion from Messrs. Ellman of Snssex, complaining of the mode'of assessment to the income-tax, and the machinery of ap peal. lie was afraid that it might with too much truth be said that the mass of the farmers had this year made a loss instead, of a profit.. A power of appeal was given to farmers if the tenant held trom Michaelmas to Michael mas; but if from Midsummer to Midsummer no appeal could be heard. That was a practical grievance, and be hoped the Noble Lord would inquire into the matter with a view•of ascertaining whether a remedy might not be afforded by the Lords of the Treasury without the nece ssity of an application to Parliament. Lord BERNERS'supportea the prayer of the p e titi on . The Earl of DERBY was inclined to think, from what he had heard, 'that the grievance arose fr om what h e might almost call a clerical erior in. the Act. He pro mised the point Frien d order to that ee he whether w oul d .tmak e.here was any inquiry mode of affording relief without applying to Pa rliament. into N°i t After a few words from•the Duke of ARGYLL, The petition was ordered - to lie on the table Their Lordships then adjourned at a Quarter past Ten o'clock. TO THE SECRETARY OF THE. BRADFORD REFORM A.SSOCI4TION. _ .. . . . (CONTINUED ON MON D AYS AND 'WEDNESDAYS.) Sir,—Oal Mo n d a y t h e 14t h of tiune the l a t e P r i me Minister introd uce d t h e d i scus si o n on the subject of the assault onMr. Mather. This o f led to coun t e r representationa.on theT part pf the Ministers; ending in proving that th e y h a d i n t h e f i rst instance done as badly as could be imagined, l out .. h a d . ended by t a ki ng the alarm and determining to•act•vigorouslY, in ways which are yet under the darkness of the future. . At a late hour, or more correctly oh Tuesday morn ing, the Maynooth question•vvits imee more brought for- ward. The attendant circumstances and the result were so complicated and perplexing, that it may ha well to state the position in which I individually stood , as the means of showing the .point from which I viewed the whole' s and thereby throwing ligh t on. my capacity for giving evidence in one direction or another. . • ' This position *as, as you will remember, that altbeug e One of the most earnest ' supporters of the Bill of the late Premier , on the ground - t h at. the Purl power had Maltreated us, I had engaged to Yoto against an y attack upon the Catholics! est abiishhient.. at l o tayno oth • on the ground that this winild be m tug tilem. altreat - I , beg thatl i; ; . . -- this may be borne in mini in what way follow. of The smallest arm ten , aaill ----- - ,0 -: with the course pro- . ceedings in a popular Assembly, ; ' -it is suifieii.nt to, 0t54, 1i . 11 . that no man and no party can always h ave li n absolubtee Command over the! time tlt. whi c h'', quest i o n shall brought forwatd. A degree of generatship may s°lllF times be exerted on one aide -o r But in on th e other. the main, 'the operation i s t o . . great .extent under the influence of chance; and all`-"%tl can b 3 said i,=, that p.o. and take rties must be on the look but, • care to . be fin theeming when the oppon,, neh • oimo r tunity to move arrives. On the present oecivi orl i ha r_r_ not tha s li g htest rea3on for believing, that - 7 ...extr aoili vr a.67 . go3?ro u l ip was exerted on at side, i '''''" - scua - that theta WBs any thing which could be (I,:npn i i imtv •_ • vi. •- trick," t hough the word was rather Copiously ,u sec t i n Babsequat it pro ceedings. . As the morning wore on;• ths,. anti-Miniit er ial side bpgan to drop off to bod; proviaeoy i to which, the two aides had appeer4l pretty 7equally balanced Sow" loogthy speeches from their ' °lnv ride probably contri buted to thin the Oppositlea b eadles : And when this hod gone to a e a cmin lerfg, /4 6 thi11 ., ~.. wou ld content taem g n adjourn aiment of the House. From this moment, the leader of th e anti...mayao ,"6 raovO went saw his road : to auecess, .O r , as the French say, vaiait sa belle. • ' : ,You will perhaps ask, Why ' -' whose only desire cou ld 12. to have an opportunity of ace omplisinn, fair euge g e . mont by votin on the main 'on . - estion, voted for the• ad- ofthe nous?. ,•• h; -- "Iply because I knew .a vote against it would bo c1....ich0 Lin a *vote for the antt- Maynooth leader. And b 0 it _turned out; for he went to a triumphant majority of 133 tic 29 against the ad journment of the. HOMO, And . i 'alPlecliettely announced that he was quite content with- w, w....at he would ac cept as a criterion of thelbeling of • the.llo4lo, and would g o no farther. And this be repeated still more triumphantly next day; the party :Who had- I A al— wed themselves to be defeated, baitiut him with q ath , -n s as to what he would an d would not do, to which - of . course he virtuallY ans wered, that be would do:what he lik e d, and whe n he liked, without t a kin g his opponents: into nounP•el• On looking back upon the whol ps i t i s ' c lear that it was a contest of ii 'di a mond out dii roon „, „ d that the anti-Maynooth par ty finally . had it "' • an wav till their .oaa -,' that th • One reason probably, is, ~. their divided _, .„ ° PPonents are g among themselves. The aentano, re v a _ e ~ Inquiry," nets a puzzler; for though there ezu Le o ° no reasonable doubt that it is only another form of mo v i ng : that the charg , 4 e for Maynooth be disallowed it : - not e verybody that can ho expected to see this. The Catholics them selves cannot agree, whether they "gilt to vote for an Inquiry or against an Inquiry. _A na ---. anoth er reason is, that it is easier to go to bed , and grutehle afterwards, ' than to be there at three o clock . In the turn ,, ng i to we= the movements of an opponent.-. This .not . being there, is what lets everything down; _lo vv r ,t warfare, is on point better established in -every • kind of a ure, this o who are: there, do very generally that those carry their point against those who re not, 04 Tuesday a Tkill was-b ou ht in fort' r l g ad, by Repression of Crime and Outrage , WI a Lto to 19. . The .House separated at five- o'clock and. re-assembled at . seven; when, the subject being an inquiry into o the neat .duet of the Government on the_ colas:soot t he i ll - treatment .by their friends the Austrians of Scottish Missionaries in Hungary, the inquiry was escapedh,,, - . 7 the House being counted out. . •'enee • I am, Sir, yours eery , lei ,), • . , AN OLD ... R EFORMER. DIE& Blackhe,alh; Juno 16;1852. . --.-- „ • • :T HE LIFE or .014*E . Dl3 MEDICI; n....___ pavgcE. By Mess PARD° B. 3 V° have l . A the w s ? -4 r l akun;oiEert;l high ci of r literary and historical 'neut.' Rarely. situdes of romance been more inititfematofeliriabrlieen l e d medicti a facts of real history than 'in the' nor has the difficult problein of dO c rr_l r biaing with the fidelity ; personal narrative Miss of biography the graphic power f d afnatic delineation been often more suecossfullY.solvcd taan by the talented author of the volumes berme US. As a Pardee's admirable biography professes the most absorbin,g and'constantly sustained inforest; as a historical record of i. wtoorktmith characterized by a the events of which it treats, its merit s is of no ordinary a high purity description. Throughout the carefulness of research, . to tak , e and of.tone which entitle Miss . aii P le a r i lo 0 t r —John rank among the most successful writers of his 0 3 ,, B ull. I. Holloway's 0-,,t • , [A.Dv ER TISEMENT•J , —markt and Pills have cured a remarkable heaChseelatenl7ftlikT son of Mr. Alliday, 209, High-street, . the neck,a , when three years old, was afflicted with scrofula in h and the disease in creased so fearfully that ia four yearshe ad ten ulcers on his body, besides a tumour between the eyes. The best medical treatment afforded him no relief, the blood .. bei ng so corrupt that it was considered impossible t' subdue the disease. At, • this crisis Holloway's Pills and • Oietrnent were resortedmonthsthe to, and with great success, for in two . h,-, — Y Was soundly continued well for cured by their use, and he has i Years..SOld by all Druggists and at Professor Holloway's Egtapiiiluuept ; t °l4 Strad, 1 • 0449L1i. " EVENING, ' SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAP gRS OF THIS DAY, TIMES.—Fee sometitivneaojaealst of the streets of London have bene infested b ydirty people in the dress of Roman Catholic ecciesit of cur metropolitan reeders but rn There are few omlsitelhave come across sumo of these gentry in our fe7ded thorough fares. They generelly hunt in couples: A more uu pleasant sight cannot be enootinteredPines.th t creatures enurec' ° of tt s morning's walk than u brace of these f i le ' cast eyes they glide eheut among the people with s r and hasty step.. Oi course the object is to familiarize the public with their presence. If Cardinal and his Privy Council in Goidert-squ3re could ' lseniri e n defiance of the English law, establish the custom should - s hould seen liave our rtreetcrowdsiliTersiaed with in e' "y e conceive able costume of menkery. It is notorious every conceiveable costume of monkery. It is notorious tha when the Roman Catholic Relief Act was passed a t clause. was introduced: enacting " that no Itoman'Ca tholie nor any member 'of -any of the re ligious orders, communities, Or societies a the Church of Rome, bouud by, monastic or religidus vows, should exercise any of the'rites" or ceremonies of the Roman Catholic religion, or wear the habits of his older, save within the usual .places of . worship of the Roman Catholic teligion or in private houses." Such is the liw of England, add it is perfectly Well known to the persons who have fersome time pist set it at defiance. It .cannot be mid that this is an old worn out regulation Such Bathe oho which forbade undertakers to bury the dead in liken shrouds. The entitle provision was no doubt iu into Various old statutea,' but when the Roman Catholic Relief Bill was passed in 1829, it vies retained and - soleMnly re-enactect Nor is there any . reason why ,such a provision should' be suff4red to fall into desuetude. • The Ron:fah : Catholic chieftains have not contented themselves with sending their noisome emissaries about the streets; it would seem as though they hid issued orders directing them to disturb the Protestant congregations while engaged in the Celebra tion of public worship. To pat the existing law in force is, then, a simple act of self-defence. But even were it not'for this additional aggravation, the reasons for maintaining the laW in 1852 are stronger than they were for enacting it in 1829. It was supposed at the time that the presence of Roman Catholic priests— the *sego of Roman Catholic processions through the publits streets—might lead to a violation of the peace. The same 'danger exists still, and' to a yet' greater extent. We do not pretend to argue the point as feeling any especial sympathy for persons who, with their eyes open, set the law at defiance. Still it would be a deplo- • rable thing, and a great reflection upon those who are charged with the duty of maintaining the public peace, if, from want of timely forethought, any broil should occur in the thoroughfares of the metropolis. -It would only need a brace of Passionists—a rabble of little boys —and a gang of IriSh hodmen, to get up a row which ,might lead to the most serious casualties—pessibly to the loss of life. It will be seen that the Queen, by a procla mation issued yesterday, has expressed the determina tion of the Government to put down the nuisance. The proclamation itself will bo found in another part of our impression of this day. It is therein stated that the Ro man Catholic ecclesiastics do wear the habit of their orders in places of public resort—that Roman ' Catholic processions, with' all the ponip, pride, and circumstances usual on such occasions, do 'perambulate . our streets—that banners aro dis played—symbols elevated in the public view, and that consequently the peace of the town is en dangered: The offenders are solemnly warned that the law will be pat in force against them to its fullest ex- . tent if they `give further occasion of public scandal. We trust that strict orders may be henceforth issued to the police to conduct them to the nearest station-house. W e would' not—all considerationi of turmoil apart—have the streets of London become as the streets of Rome, 'along which swarms of unwashed beings in robes black, white, brown, or grey, 'are to be seen passing at all hours of .the day, like clouds over a landscape. The Roman ‘Catholic.priests must matte up their minds to submit to the same regulations as practically affect the Protes lent clergy. Although it is not illegal, no one ever sees a Protestant clergythan bustling about Fleet-street or the Strand in pudding sleeves and a square cap. • There is no law on the subject, for none is needed. The tacit good sense of the Protestant clergy - prevents . them from dragging their sa cred vestments through the mud—and even running the risk of exposing religion to contempt in the persons of its ministers merely on . a question of Costume. Let the Roman Catholic clergy folloW the wholesome ex ample: So, again, with the practice of out-door pro cessions and `ceremonials—the thing is simply impos sible in. England. - However much the, moderation of the bystanders may endeavour to stave off such a result, the moment would surely have come when a shower of black mud would have expressed the state of public opinion upon this 'feature' of " Papal Aggression." Much more is this likely to be the case if the proces sions aro absolutely directed as hostile movements against the tranquillity of a body of Protestant wor shippers. It has been reported to us that in the imme diate neighbourhood of Orchard-street, Portman-square, a platform is erected on which, from time to time, co pies of the-Protestant Bible ure committed to the flames. We warn the promoters of such proceedings, as they value their own safety, to hold their hands while it is ' yet time. • CHRONICLE. —We have received, from time to time, very - strikieg accounts of the alteration of public sentiment which has progressively disclosed itself in France since the appearance of the Orleans decree. General statements of this sort are usually difficult to verify, but their accuracy in the present instance is re inarkably confirmed in the effects of the "confiscation on the three great bodies with which Louis Napoleon pre tends to share the sovereignty of the State. Is is to be observed that, exactly in proportion to the measure of i n dependence they enjoy, is the susceptibility which they manifest to the discredit in which they are necessarily involved: The Senate makes, of course, .no sign. The publication of the decree took place while that body was in course of formation, and was just in time to pre vent its including a single ! member who might have made it othor than it was meant, to bo—namely, - .a co lossal contrivance for settling the- President's Civil List, and for rewarding, the subaltern agents in the coup ddtat. The Council of State, owing to the profes• alone' contractor of most of its duties, is composed of men, a thought more respectable than the Senators; but its close connexion with the head of the Government would have prevented its Voluntarily engaging in any proceed ing equivalent to a coudeninatiou of his policy. The appeal of the Prefect of the Seine his, however, left it no alternative but to sit in judgment on the President's conduct. , Although there seems no reason to doubt that its decision on the competency or the civil tribunals to adjudicate between Louis Napoleon and the Prince will be favourable to the Government, it is notorious that a most painful feeling pervades the Council on the ;object, and it-is suspected that a judgment confirmatory of the legality of the decree will probably bo followed by seve ral resignations. Indeed, on the very, eve of last Satur day's hearing, the managers of the case en behalf of the e.dministration had to withdraw th . eir brief from the hands of their chosen advocate, M. Roverehon, who csnfessed that, even upon the ex parte inetrue tioos before him,' ho had come to a conelusion gaiti t his clients. But that which, in the Councillors of State, .is only unwilliegness to reeks themselves open accomplices in the confisoetion, becomes, with the deputies, a spontaneous demonstration of disgust. As the representative bay is, at all events, not directly dependent on or connected with the President, it stands alone in having voluntarily created the means Of, publicly disengaging itself from the responsibility of his most conspicuous misdeed. The common belief is that M. de Motitalembert has managed to get inseresd, in the report of the committee' on the Baeget an express censure of 'that invasion of right. Whether this impreesion be or be not precisely correct, the uneasy and deprecating temenf the newspaper which has been promoted to the place of the Constitutionnel makes it evident that some proceeding,. in the highest degree distasteful to the Government, has been ventured upon, or is being matured. The mere discussion of the point proies the sentiments of the Assembly; and when so feeble an organ sounds clearly, who can doubt that public opinion, *ere it unmuffled, would speak with the voice of a trumpet? 'lt is not e always, or very often,'that the crime for which a man is Most heavily and conspicuously, pu niahed is exactly the offence of blackest enormity which he happens to have Committed. Tho convicted -pick pocket is frequently tin'utconvioted burglar; and report runs that a noble personage who was drummed out of society for cheating at cards, was heard to utter bitter complaints sgainst Fortune, which had suffered him to pass undetected in doctoring a horse for the Darby, and then consigned him to ruin for turning up a king at whist. For the ?ake, "therefore, of moral example, it is well when the crime which goes unwhipt and that which entails punishment are so clearly united, in point of time or natural connexion, as to render unmistakable the double character of the retribution. We have some satis faction in thinkiug,that a spectacle of this latter sort is 'Worded by the two, most: indefensible acts w hi c h have been recently perpetrated on the theatre • 'of 'European affairs. The seisure of Louis Philippe's inheritance is v - er y feom rivalling in immorality the .long which the President of the French Repub. conspiracy wh lie ie now known to have engaged against the institu tions of which he was the guardian and trustee. Yet all the penal consequences which he hal incurred seem at fi r st sight it have owed ex . exclusively frpm the minor , by considering the . confiscation of oil me; and it is only the' Orleans property as the necessary sequel of the trea .; t French liberty that we are enabled to et:icon s: agelfrisp-parent disproportion - of their results. If the d ec ree which Lo uis Napoleon levelled at the eons ofs outs Philippe h a d never beet), issued at 611. it is 'd ou btful whe ther there would have been a single flaw in the success of the co up dela& Sobewilderingly had the . landmarks of law and right been disp ersed by a sti t i cee —so demoralisedwereetheilltletnolan of revels i °lessee by their terr or of the wore crisiswbih the Censtitution had prepared —so obscure the elements of the strife between the Prestdc.nt and his adversaries in the As-. thc,t, semb.ly— for all whknow, .public , opinion, after a few . eavinrs m i g ht have settled down into quiet accept pee of a Bouapertist despotism; and a virtual unani inig.ht have mode it un mite of approval or appla . Use ful if uot improper, in elln orate to question gr a° • • t the of t the a revmution sanction°game o nstion . That no such general contentment has ensued upon deliverance from an undoubted danger, must ho set down en tirely to the Orleans decree. Already it has . eh" ibly affected the 'sympathies of the French people ;Tit the existing Government, as well as their estimate of the c ircamstauces which produced it;' and with- Gut doubt it is destined to modif y p rofo undly the entire course, of French affairs, so long as' they . are co ntrolled by of military rule of Louis Napol eon . lie regards the greal cause of moral justice, the prin cipal use of the Orleans decree has consisted in the light which it 'o'l3 thrown on.tho character of the President. I t has made misapprehension of his motives impossible, and it hahstamped the leading features of his mind as ee mething distinct from that confusibn of principle on. 04008 of public and coutituticug tight w hich un- JUNE 16, 1852. happily characterises some of the very best of French men. Cowardice, in the ordinary sense of the term, is perhaps not imputable to Louis Napoleon; but there must have been a deplorable lack of civil courage in the man who employed thefirst moment of security to:make so glariag an admission of the fears with which the per fectly legitimate, and not very dangerous', opposition of a 'Bourbon Prince had inspired him. Hypocrisy must have framed or adopted the pretext by which that deed of, unmanly revenge was sought to be veiled. Cynical contempt of prescriptive right was betrayed by the very '.imagining of Fuch a method of retaliation; and ser vility to the judgment of the lowest populace shone in , every line of , the - clauses which distributed the possessions of the dead Kiug among the con ventional . objec:s of "charity and compassion. A revelation of such qualities in the principal author of the recent events was a commentary on the events them selves. The country awoke to the absurdity of sup- Posing itself blest in a Constitution which had been to lend them nutactured by such hands, and to the degradation of tieing governed by the servile few who could be brought by which *elves to a participation in so mighty a pretences It at once became alive to the emptiness of the of gov e e e r s n entire blame of the_ its passive ,when the l etters tnent had been obtained . It had already grown sceptical as . onthe complicityperverseness change ofthe Assembly, to. the imputations which fixed the a ciere came to fasten the guilt on the proper head, and the last unfort " f Changarnier and Lamor stitutions had assumed, attr unal,e form which free in black treachery by which theyva by contrast with the probabl were destroyed. But for never have been written, and it ( i ' . the Orleans decree it is °certain that they would have met with no general credens that those letters would to be published, the Government merely In suffering them made the mis take of supposing that the state of opinion was such as it undoubtedly would have been ifnoviolation of the simplest maxims of morality had been perpetrated to change it. COMMITTEE on the CASE of.lllR. O'CONN OR • Yesterday, the Committee appoint e d t o i nquire into the matter of the petition of Miss O'Co nnor , praying that Mr. Feargus O'Connor may be liberated and con fided to the custody of his friends, met at four o'clock ' in Committee-room No. 13. Present—Mr. W a lp o l e (chairman), Mr. M. Milnes, Mr. V. Smith, Mr. Miles, Mr. M. J. O'Connell, the O'Gorman Mahon, and oth ers . Dr. Tweedie and Dr. Lawrence, who have been in daily Attendance on the unfortunate gentleman during his confinement, wore examined on the subject-matter of the petition. Subsequently Miss O'Connor, who is a petite and rather prepossessing person, with the O'Connor caste of countenance subdued into the delicacy of female feature, was examined, and requested permission of the Committee to be allowed an interview with her brother. The Committee deliberated, and asked the advice of Dr. Tweedie, who expressed himself adverse; but on Miss O'Connor becoming importunate, her re quest was acceded to; and Mr. O'Connor having been conducted from the " tower" down stairs, she proceeded to see ,him, accompanied by Captain Gossett, the Assistant-Sergeant-at-Arms, Mr. Bell, M.P., D. Tweedie, and two of the messengers. Hero they met Mr. O'Connor, with two messengers and two sergeants of police, quietly promenading along the well known lengthy corridor of the Committee-rooms of the House of Commons, the doors at the entrance from the grand staircase having first been securely closed. Miss O'Connor appeared much affected, and the unfortunate gentleman continued to walk up and down with his left arm cast carelessly behind his sister. On arriving at the doors that had been locked he called out to the police, through the glass panels on the other side, " Open this, open this," at the same time trying to undo the doors; bat on being told by Captain Gossett it could not be allowed, he returned quietly, and continued talking to his sister, No remarkable change has taken place in Mr. O'Connor, either for better or worse, during the last few days. He still indulges in rapid, rambling, aberrations, reciting to his attendants snatches of what he states to be his own poetical compositions, uttering now and then an eloge on the lato Sir Robert Peel, abruptly broken off to descant on the disasters of an old woman and her pig in the bogs of Ballinhassig—of a stud of some twenty.loog-tailed black horses his brother kept in Ire land, all whimsically interwoven by such canticles as are heard at the Coal Hole, or by the recital of a litany, interlarded with tears, on the failure of the unfortunate land scheme. A difficult question has presented itself to the Committee as to what it will be their duty to do, or rather what jurisdiction they can have in the matter, the case being without precedent on the journals of th e House. It appears, however, to be the impression that although Mr. O'Connor is in i mpr isonment for contempt of the House and disorderly conduct, yet that th e p roper course will be to discharge him and assign him to the care of his friends or Hanwell, from which asylum Dr. Conolly visited him yesterday, an d was und ers t oo d to b e of opinion that Mr. O'Connor's insanity is only symp tomatic or incipient, and that with attention, and in a short time, ho may be restored to a state of mental con valescence. His nephew visited him yesterday, and the interview is stated to have been similarly affecting to that with his sister. PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES. SHREWSBURY AND CHESTER AND SHREWSBURY AND BIRMINGHAM AMALGAMATION.—Yesterday, in Lord Redesdale's Committee, the standing orders were de clared not complied with, and the Bill was accordingly lost. EASTERN UNlON.—Yesterday the Committee of the Lords declared the preamble of this Company's BVI for arrangements as to capital proved. MANCHESTER, SHEFFIELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE.— This company ' s Bill for new branches passed in the Committee of the Lords. LEEDS, BRADFORD, AND lIALIFAX.—The preamble of the SW for making this line was declared proved In Committee of the Lords. In Lord Redesdule's Standing Order Committee the following - Bills passed:—Chester end Holyhead, South Yorkshire, Cords and Muchynblek, Worksworth Mining, acid Commercial Gas. BRITISH ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH COM PANY'S BILL. Reesoes in enppert of the TRIED READING, which takes place on THURSDAY, 17th instant, immediately en the Serefren of the HOUSE. This Bill was for four teen days before a Select Com mittee,-.and atter the fullest and most patient inquiry, the.Couamittee have decided in favour of the Bill. The object of the Bill may be simply stated to be, to break through the barrier which the Old Electric Tele- . graph Company has been proved before the Committee to have interposed between the metropolis and the pro vinces, by which they effectually prevent any electric communication reaching London by any other means than their own telegraphs. Thus they have completely "nullified the intentions of Parliament in granting the British Telegraph Company's Act of 1850, and have thus rendered that Act almost a dead letter, and hence the present Bill, to restore vitality to that Act. The Da has been met with the most strenuous oppo sition by the Old Telegraph Company, with whom were joined the repretentatives of seven or eight railway com panies, who, from motives of interest; have bound them selves to assist'in premotifig the monopoly of telegraphic intelligence. The chairman of the. Great Northern Railway Com pany gave evidence in favour of the Bill, and proved how that company had been coerced by the Old Tele graph Company to submit at present to its monopoly. Clauses are contained in the Bill by which the fullest and most complete compensation and protection have been secured to the railway companies. The Board of Trade are by the Bill empowered, upon complaint of any railway company, to prohibit the Bri tish Company altogether from erecting their telegraphs upon such railway, should public interest or private Jus tice require such prohibition. Petitions in favour of the Bill have been presented from the following (among other) important seats of commerce and manufactures, viz., London, Westmin ster, Southwark, Lambeth, Finsbury, Liverpool (seve ral petitions), Manchester (severa l p etitions), Glas g ow (several pest noes), Greenock , E dinbur g h (several peti tions), Newcastle (several petitions), Leeds, Bradford, Halifax, Huddersfield, Hull, Shrewsbury, Bath, Bris tol, &a., &a. In the voluminous evidence produced daring the in quiry into this subject, many facts of the most striking and vital public importance to mercantile and other in terests were elicited. Amongst other facts it was proved in evidence that a regulation exists in the office of the old Telegraph Company by which the messages of th e c hairman of that.company (known by a special sig na l A 11) are on all occasions forwarded before the mes sages of any other person, and in preference over even the messages of the Government or Royal Family , a ll o ther business being laid aside immediat e l y on an A K being presented. It was not proved that any improper advantage had been taken of these facilities for communicating wi th all of theg i r s e m at a m ni a fe i s k t, markets of e t v h e e r ,emthpa i t_looking at the exc lusive empire. It agreements that have been made w i t h the leadill way companies, and the completely isolated g rail- in e these n which the old Telegraph Company a agree ments, contrived to piece themselves ( by have, by "iti" thesebarring e very avenue to competition) that th o concentration. great and dangerous powers in • si ng l e h ands is a state of things for which the public do s ee k, an d are j ustly titled to seek, the remedy which th e presentas it has passed the Committee, will effectually afford. Byorder, Gou au SA WARD, Secreta r y. E London, Juno 16, 1852. _______— • REMARKABLE SUCCEssION OE RERRICANEs.—Pro babIy the greatest number of hurricanes ever experienced V one vessel in a single voyage has been felt by the Glo" arrived at Liverpool yesterday from Singapore. On the 701 of November sho sailed from the latter port, and on the nt h w of December, in lat. 12 S, l ong. 99 E. she as d i smas ted by a hurricane. Struggling under this ( Usability, she a second hurricane on Christuia.s-day, but was able 0 bea a r ry, for the Mauritius, where she arrived on the 9th of J r d u t w o under jury -masts. While lying there she exPer ie e t c s ; eoni more hurricanes, which, however, proved in her -in E ug- paratively harmless, although much of the PP. shiAtter refit tained material damage on the latter ocoesie n o ' f m a reii, and ting. she left the Mauritius on the 13th oa , o f the A fter reached the Mersey on Blonday evening, encountered most perilous voyages on record. CoURAGEoiIs ACTION.—At 1 4 wive, on Si tnrday afternoon, a most humane and, ;c f " s t , Peter's, \Val' performed by the Ittsv. James O'Rei"Y' was had fallen into worth, who, perceiving one of the ess 3Bl7 d " was being fast car the water, while stepping to the. pier, - 13 "1, - ou rageous act was tied down by the tide, at once until Le3aPlifebuoy was thrown to nately held the man up out- — ,....i t h the utmost prompti tude by the pier -man their assis t ance, which was d °ne t i, were rescued from their efoverboard, and fortu wherilehoers of all on board, the rev. perilous position amidst the is congratulations from those gentleman receiving the w a % ,i a n wand.. 1 who witteued his noble Chrz§v NAVAL IN TELLIGENUE. The following officers attend e d t h e D u k e of Nor thumberland's levee yesterday :—Commander IL T. Jones, Lieutenant T. B. Cooystra • Capt a i n S. Th ornton, Lieutenant T. E. Lane, Captain H enry S mith, Com mander 1). Robertson, Commander T. T. Paulson and Commander W. T. Rivers. , _The following officers attended Admiral. Parker's levee yesterday :—Lieutenant J. Field, Commander H. T, Janes, Lieutenant T. E. Lane, Commander D. Ro bertson, Lieutenant Sir H. W ilmot, Commander G. Snell, Mr. J. When, Lieutenant W. W. Eyton, Cap lain W. B. Oliver, Captain T. P. Thompson, Cora. mender 0. J. Jones, Captain J. Dorman. Captain C. Elliot, Dr. A. Mitchell, Mr. E. Smith, Commander Paulson, Captain G. Baker, Commander R. Negen, and Commander Rivers. . The Queen's ship's company still continuing very discontented at not having been paid off, we understand that orders have been forwarded from the. Admiralty to the effect that she is to be immediately put out of corn- - mission. She will, however ' in all probability, be brought forward as an advanced ship. PORTSMOUTH, JUNE 15.—The Gladiator, 6, steam frigate, Captain Adams, has been paid off to-day at this port. The Sprightly port steam-tender, Master-Commander Allen, sailed this afternoon for Plymouth with super- ~, utuneraries and seamen paid off from the Gladiator. The Ilighflyer, 21, screw steam-frigate, Captain Mat- - son, has taken onboard her powder and shell at Spit head to-day. The Victoria and Albert, Captain Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, came out of the basin to-day. The Grampus, 50, has been brought down alongside the yard to-day to be docked to have her copper exa mined. I The Edinburgh waits favourable weather. ) .A. P P 0 I IV I' lt I a N T 8 . m a ster—Thomas Osmer (1847), borne on the books o f the Magician°, 16, paddle-wheel steam-frigate, for service in the Du.zzad, to the Leander, 50, at Devon- - port. • Paymaster and Purser —George F. C. Bateman (1847). to the Spartan, 26, at Devonport. the Vulcan steam troop-ship at Portsmouth. station, i Assistant-Surgeon —George Everest, M.D. (1844), to Second Commodore Georg e R. Lambert (captain 1825), and .Assistant-; at Present command g ing the Fox, 42, on the East Indies Master--B. S. Ley, to the Leander. promotion of Captain Sir Edward Parry to the rank of rear-admiral. n o g in i t n e o d er t a th E e d g w o in od service pension , steam-sloop at P o Thomas Lewis, o thvi sprightly atea.„ rtsmouth; . , Ports mouth. " A v essel, tender to the Victoria at entosiothni on n e t e h l e a Masters' Assistants-- g retch, to the Victory la. , C. H. V. Russel and F. Gunner—Joseph Olivier, I g - shiP at Portinaouth. frigate as Devonport. to the Dauntlessecrew steam* i c : raos T r z a o s x sei s esrt as ...... • nt- engineers. Second Class Assistant-En 'n te, to be acting Charles King, to be first Second Class Assistant-Engineers—Pit:to i g e i o n a e n e d re— cl van E Charles Cotten, and John A.. liitch* b r ic e I :. I t D a i Williams, an a : La i e s e tt ao r n s .t be_E a E. Campion first c a I n a T d s s h Third.. Williamar s d s i s Ca n s t s - e G n A i g i l assistant-en gineers. Third Class Assistant-Engineers—Joseph 11 Keane I and joseph Churcher, to be acting - seco n d class I • ssi.aant-' engineers. Her Majesty's steam-frigate Simoom arrived a t Quebec on Sunday morning, May 23, with detach ments of troops of the 23d, 54th, 66th, and 71st R eg i. ments, and immediately after she cast anchor fired a salute, which was returned by the artillery from Dur.. - ham terrace in the afternoon. The Simoom had a very' rough passage out, only using her engines about four days during the voyage. Off the banks of Newfound land she encountered a wry heavy gale, in which her' main yard wit; broken and two boats carried away. Tlia detachments of the 54th and 66th Regiments stationed at Quebec were landed on the following day, and, pre ceded by the bands of their respective corps, marched up to the barracks; those for the 23d and 71st Regi ments proceeded tip . to Montreal the same night, in the , steamer Quebec, to Join their regiments at that station. The Emperor of Russia's steam-yacht Alexandria arrived at Copenhagen after a fine passage of sixty-one hours from Blackwal/. She there found the Victoria (formerly the Paterhoff) and the Tourist all ready for starting, and they left Copenhagen together for St. Petersbargh. The Edinburgh, 58, Captain Hewlett, is now taking in ' her powder and her shells. On her trial on Saturday along the measured mile she far surpassed in speed all other screw-line-of-battle-ships. In six runs she averaged. 84, knots; but for the first four at full steam she made an average of 9 knots. This may be attributed to here beautifully placed engines, their excellent working, and freadom from friction. She makes 12 er 14 more screw revolutions than either of the corresponding vessels of her class, and consequently her speed is superior by 1i knots. Maudslay and Field are the makers. • COUItT CIRCULAR. The Queen-held a Privy Council yesterday afternoon at ono o'clock, at Backingham Palace. It wits attended by his Royal Highness Priuce Albert, the Lord Presi dent, the Lord Privy Seal, the First Lord of the Tree- Bury, the Secretaries of State for the Home, Foreign, and •Colonial Departments, the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, the First Lord of the Admiralty, the President of toe Board of Control, the President of the Board of Trade, the Postmaster-General, the Chief Commissioner of Public Works and Buildings, the Lord Steward, the Lord Chamberlain, and the Master of the Horse. At the. Council a proclamation was ordered to be issued respecting Roman Catholic processions. Toe Hon, arat,lo William Batlaurst was the Clerk of the Privy Council in waiting. The Earl of Derby had an audience of the Queen. Mr. Secretary Walpole had an audience (Aber Majesty Sir Harry Smith, G.C.E., was presented to the Queen on his return from the ape of Good Hope, by tho Right Hon. Sir John Pakingeon, her Mejeety'e Princi pal Secretary of State for the Colonies. The Lord Chamberlain bad an audience of the Queen. The Lord President had an audience of her Majesty, The Queen was attended by the Treasurer of the Household, tho Vice-Chamb'erlain, the Comptroller of the Household; the Marquis of Anglesey, Gold Stick in Waiting; Lord Crof ton, Lard in Waiting; and Major-General. Berkeley Drumniond, Groom in Waiting. • Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited the Queen yesterday at Buckingham Palace, and partook 01 luncheon with her Majesty and Prince Albert. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by the Marquis of Abercorn, Colonel the Hon. Charles Grey, and Colonel Bonverie, left Buckingham Palace at a quarter past three o'clock yesterday afternoon, for the purpose pflaying the Foundation Stone of the Cam bridge Asylum, at Norbiton. The Prince travelled by the London and South-Western Railway to Kingston, and from thence proceeded in a carriage sad tour to . Norbiton. His Royal Highness returned to Bueling. ham Palace at a quarter to six o'clock. Their Royal highnesses the Prince of Wales, the Alie,e, Princess Royal, Prince Alfred, and the Princeee pert o . nal attended by Mr. Gibb, visaed the British Museum .- ''`. YeS"'•', terday morning. presence last of Her Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Alb ' attended by the Countess of Desert, the Hon. A m el ia e'l Murray, Lord Crof,on, Major-General Backl og, achess of gent eveni ng. Colonet Beuverio, honoured the th th e ei D r ( i l io e y rni el an EE P ig ia h y ee w s i e th ) attended by Lady Fanny R James M oviard, and Lo r d honoured the performance with h urray, also evening. . h er presence last A deputation from the West India Liverpool and Glasgow, on t h e Associations of patent laws, had an intervie w with the I T : abject of the ley yesterday, at the B oar d of Trade. Hon. J. W. Ilen- T consisted of Mr. Ti nne and Mr . B enc h The deputation and Mr. Russell (from Glasgo w ),*l3ouch (of Liverpool) , by Mr. Cardwell, M . P . and were accompanied A deputation from the P ties had an int erv i rotestant Dissenting DePg terday, at the °lnce ew of with Lord John Manners y es. ' Whitehall-place Works and Public .Buldings, in Burials Bill. The eond the t.: eu di eet of the Metropoli/an tnington Mills chair consisted of gr k r j h a l u e : Han bury, Mr. Carlisle, 4 1 ao), Mr. T. PawtreEs, tar . Mr. Couder, and the secre tary. the Rev. Rear Cr ntze and Mr. Barron eh y Mackenzie odear), and Mr. ou 'n -the- Fields) had n `—arollwardens of Sr. Moan's -1 , also an ' • w i t h Lord John Manners yesterday. Interview Mr. Tyrrell, the Ci Rem embrances, had an inter view with me Secret e - I c oo yesterday, at the Hone e . o ffi ce. •.* y Wa p A deputation consisting of Lord notham, M.P., Sir R. Barr on, -' ig p Mr. Cardwell, M.P. Mr. bLP Mr . Mitt, • ~ NI, •• Groan g, MI , x.. Pratt, and Mr. Wm. John Hall (Steam Association, London), Mr. Morgan (secretary of ditto), Mr. Tall (deputy chairman), Mr. Collinson (director), 'Mr. Frost ( s olicitor), and Mr. Nultain (se cretary of the Hull Do ck Comp a y), Mr. Sydney Smith h a d tery with the Right and Mc. Ringrose, Hon. J. W. noway rel a yyeste at the Board of Trade. A deputation, consisting of Sir W. Moleswortte Bart., AI.P , Mr. Dyncourt, Mr. Martin, Mr. Macdougall, C and Mr. Newell (Parliamentary Mr. * Sheen, Mr. agent), had a n interview w i t h Lord John Manners yes terday, at t he Office of Public Works and Buildings.. • . Dispatches w ere . received yesterday at the Colonial ' office from t h e Governor of New Zealand. Jadieisl Committee of the Privy Council sat yes- The t h e Council Chamber. Tbe Lords present terday in d Cranworth, Lord Justice Knight Bruce , the were-- the Admiralty Court, Sir Edward Ryan, and Judge Sir J. l'atteson. An appeal faom Bombay, Munmohun- Davidass V. Dharsoy Cullianjee, was heard. do --T [ ADV ERTISEMENT.] HE Raw.. EXHIBITION:A valuable, newly-invented, very small powerful waistcoat pockat glass, the size of a walnut, by which a perpon can be seen and known lb miles distant; they answer evay purpose on the Race-course, at the Opera-houses ; country scenery and ships are clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles; they are invaluable for shooting , deer stalking, 3 , chting, to Sportstnen, Gentlemen, Gamekeepers, and Tourists.—To be had at Messrs. S. and 13. Solomons, Opticians, 3 9 , Albemarle.street, Picca dilly, opposite the. York - hotel. Telescopes — A new and most important invention in Telescopes, possessing suck extra ordinary powers, that some, 3 b inches, with an extra eye pi oc will show distinctly, Jupiter's Moons, Saturn's Ri weicrlioligg o ' nly three and the Double Stars. With the same Telescope, ounces, can be seen a person's countenance 3b in ilea distant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. They supersede every other kind for the waistcoat pocket, and are of larger and all sizes, with increasing powers accordingly. Opera and Race course glasses, with wenderiul powers ; an object can be clearly seen from 14 to 16 1 'alas distant. Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians, have invented invaluable preserving Spectacle Lenses, immediately ' they are placed before imper feet vision, every object appear s clearand aged defective sight becomes bright distinct, the most its youthful, natural, and right and brilliant, is brought to original state. The Invisible Or ganic kinds Vibrator, and all• of Acoustic instrument s for relief 1 of extreme deafness..... 39 Alb ark-141130t, Piccadilly, op ' mite the York 11.9tei. ' em