The Sun. — London, England, 1846-04-14 00:00:00

a.......;.:........--,...---• _ _ NEW WORK BY DR. CROLY. Just re,ly, in 3 ,018., post Svo„ M A R or? 0 N • 7 TUE SOLDIER AND SPATESM_LN. By the Rev. G. CROLY, LL.D. Author of " Salathiel," &c. licnry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Mar;borough-ctmet. a consideration of those political and sectarian attacks I which have been variously levelled at this Society, feel ing them to be most singularly misjudged, and most miserably ungracious. Because a body of men, anxious fur the improvement of the million, steer between the sand-banks of religionists and the sunken breakers of party politicians, they are not surely for that reason alone to be branded as the promoters of infidelity and scepticism. The supposition is beyond all common sense. Now, however, that the members of the Society have terminated their labours, their retrospect must be pecu liarly gratifying, for their work is indeed done, " their gr , atest object is achieved—fully, fairly, and per manently." and corner of our social edifice. Nor is a greater freedom of theological opinion the only boon insured to us during that interval—slavery has been abolished by our Legislature, it has been stigmatised as illegal, and criminal, and unchristian by the language of our statute book. Besides this, a fundamental portion of our Go vernment has been remodeled—the system of represen tation in Parliament has been materially modified, and with that alteration many grievous abuses have been annihilated. Other evidences of a more generalised, though of a not less conclusive character, display the progress which the work of regeneration has already achieved. Our multiplicity of mechanics' institutions, our additional universities and normal schools, our won derful facilities of locomotion, but especially that gradual laxity in our mercantile imposts by which the freedom of commerce has been insured. These and other miner circumstances testify the real and solid benefits which have already, or must eventually accrue to the multi ude through that spirit of advancement, the existence And indications of which we are now endeavouring to elucidate. It is the omnipresence of this spirit which has caused this to be identified as "an utilitarian age e designation which is frequently (and we think erro neously) used in anything but a laudatory sense. Our generation is, therefore, one of improvement ; it has shown this in the deeds it has already accomplished, and in the aspirations it is ever endeavouring to realise. Slowly, almost silently, and without anything like osten tatious parade, the instruments of the popular cause have been labouring forward for the welfare of their common race, animated by the greatness of their object, sus tained by the success of their different efforts, and incited to yet greater exertions by their inherent hopefulness and intrepidity. It is to commemorate the -uspension, probably the temporary but possibly the per manent suspension, of one of the noblest and most powerful of those instruments that we have been induced to cast this retrospective glance at the social conditions 1 of our fellow-countrymen. We must acknowledge we have done so with a mixed feeling of pleasure and regret —pleasure at the great, and we had almost said splendid, achievements of that instrument of good to the popu !ace—regret at one amongst the various causes which aaveled to this suspension of its labours, and which cause we shall particularise hereafter. The instrument -,o which we allude has long since rendered itself illus -rious—we mean The Society for tie' Diffusion of Useful Knowledge ; and it is from an " Address " just issued by he Committee of that Society that we receive intelli gence of its intention to draw its efforts to a conclusion. ?or some latent but comprehensible reasons individuals 'lave occasionally had the temerity, and we may assur elly say the ingratitude, to asperse this very laudable nstitution, and certain obscure portions of the press lave recently echoed those imputations: hence we de- Ave additional pleasure in according praise where it is o justly merited. We would, however, have it particu erly understood that in whatever eulogiums we may itter upon The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Know 'edge, we are actuated solely by a spontaneous sense of luty as faithful journalists, and as an organ devoted to the interests of the people ; and we would moreover re nark in all honesty of feeling that our encomiums upon . hat Society are as unexaggerated as they nee conscien ious. For twenty years has this association been eriving manfully and disinterestedly to promote the velfare of the English public, and, by inference, to assure te benefit of the whole human family. Looking at the xtraordinary dissemination of knowledge among the uillion since its establishment in 1826, it becomes un necessary to observe that the intentions of the So 'iety have been realised almost beye lid their calculation. Where units read in that time, hundreds, nay, thousands -ead at the present time. The bookselling trade vouches 'or this—the multiplicity of periodical publications vouches for it; so do the coffse-houses of the metropo is, and the subscription libraries in the provinces. How ias this been accomplished? We may safely assert that .he first conception and the chief portion of the success if this noble scheme to render the humbler class of the :ommunity a thinking class are attributable to the So ',iffy for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge. We say this .ender all correction, and we say it in all justice. Cheap nooks had undoubtedly been published before 1826. but, to quote the expressions used in the address, " those nooks had been accompanied by a deterioration either if print or of matter." The works, however, whether separate or serial, which have been issut d by the Soci ety were intended to combine cheapness with excellence if typography, utility of material, and perspicacity of ,tyle ; their motto was, "a work need not be bad be cause it is cheap." We will not say that the publica dons which have appeared under the authority and su perintendence of this Society partake of those qualities, Should any gainsay that such have been the charactei isties of those serials, the works themselves are their refutation. Time and space would alike pre. elude us from individualising the great hulk of publications, instructive and amusing, scientific and literary, historical and miscellaneous, which owe then existence to the industry of the association. Two however, we must pause to commemorate, " The Penny Cyclopcedia," and " The Library of Useful Know ledge." The latter from its having supplied the multitude with " sound treatises on the principles of all branches of human inquiry" at a reduction in price which enabled thousands to revel in realms of thought from which they were hitherto excluded. The former, from its being without any question the noblest effort for the edu cation of the mass ever made in a single production. That " The Library of Useful Knowledge" has entailed , individual advantages upon our English community we, ourselves, can avouch; within our own experience men have risen to a great eminence in the scientific world through the fostering influence of those treatises, with ut which the persons in question could never have at tained the requisite information. Nor has this "Diffu sion of Useful Knowledge," through their own instru mentality, been the only benefit accruing from thi society; their example has encouraged others to similar efforts in the multiplication of cheap books. On this 'lead the address observes :—"1 he pow- rful contr:hie tors to this great object, who have been taught by the society how to work without the society, may almost be reckoned by the hundred, and there :s hardly a country n Europe, las in Russia to Spain, which has not seer, the society's publications in its own language, and felt their influence on its own system of production." Thus far the efforts of this invaluable institution were re sponded to in the spirit with which they were evolved: but in one particular their endeavours have been unfor tunately attended with such indifferent success, as, com bined with other considers' ions, has induced the commit tee to suspend their hitherto untiring operations. A pro , digious work, a "Biographical Dictionary"—a greater undertaking, possibly than the "Penny Ce clopsedia"— has been att mpted, and failed from want of patronage from the public. This is the one amongst the other causes for the suspension of the society to which we have already alluded. Another, and an infinitely more satisfactory reason, has led them to this determination; end here we will gladly transcribe the language of the "Address:"—" The Society's work is done, for its greatest object is achieved—fully, fairly and permanently The public is supplied with cheap AND good literature to an extent which the most sanguine friend of human Improvement could not, in 1826, have hoped to have witnessed in twenty years. The committee congratu late all who feel as they do upon the spirit of improve ment now so actively displayed, and trust that it will not tire until it has achieved the universal education of the people. The time is coming, they trust, when all will act upon what most now see—namely, that knowledge though it adds power to evil, adds tenfold power to good; when there shall be no part of the community o n which this maxim shall not have been verified; end when The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge shall be co-existent with society itself." Surely these sentiments must find an echo in the hearts Al all, and afford an universal satisfaction at such reasons being those which cause the retirement of such a body. Th e words are grateful to us, because they are instinct with philanthropy and hopefulness. Before, we terminate our remarks, it would be unjust were we, not to individualise one among the most assiduous and earnest of the pro moters of this admirable association. His labours, to quote one of our own observations, have indeed been peculiarly unostentatious, as they have been peculiarly disinterested and peculiarly influential. However parties may regard him as a politician, there is no single individual but what must ac 'snowledge the great genius of the ex-Chancel lor Lord Baotonam—that genius, and a brilliant and liscurstve genius it is, has been devoted, since 1826 ue 7 0 the present time, to the interests of The Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, and in consequence ti the interests of the multitude at large. As the origi nator of the association, Lord Bnoteenam deserves the gratitude of his fellow men, of whatever party in politics, -Jr of whatever sect in religion ; while, as chairman of its Committee, he has laboured for twenty years as nobly and as unswerviugly for the good of the people as he did anterior to its formation, when the name of lIENRY synonymous with Patriotism. To his BROUGHAM was sy stren g th, ''' are and :rimuze:eanatwiethheasS,eisc.riveetdy a o s w a e n s i i i t ic s en ch ti i v e e f etnhewphuoblcioshnesrtittuotethde iStsocci,eiraty., a t o n dlt Mr. CH I i many geminent T m ' mittee. They have all emulated each other in w the ad mirable scheme which th e y had undertakeundertaken,andwhich they have fulfilled ; and on t his account do they deserve ' the wood-will of their country. We shall not descend to Ii.AILWAY PUIsLiC MESSRS. LANI()ND, SMALE, AND LAMOND, Railway Share Anotioneers, beg to thank their Friends and the Public for their continued support and patronage, and to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, Etc., take place every TUESDAY and FRIDAY. at One o'clock, at the Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place all voltrc. coot Lining instructions, are respectfully requested te be eddresscd. scrip and Share Certificates must be deposited for exa mination at least one day previously to their being offered ; and advices of results will be forwarded by the first post after the sale, and the proceeds i mm ediately disposed of according to instructions. 011!cei, slain of Commerce, Thre a dneedle-street, London. One of the French journalists, in a very fair article on the late victories in India, concludes with these words : "If the rights of nations and equity have often to com plain of the means employed by England to obtain her object, it is only just to admit that no nation more ex tensively fulfils its providential mission. In one and the same year she opens to herself China, establishes herself in Borneo, and crosses the Polar Sea. The conquest of the globe, commenced in the 16th century by Spain and Portugal, is completed in the nineteenth by England I Is it not time for France to have her turn?" The writer cannot be serious in putting the question. France has had her turn ten times, and in every instance abused it. Few nations have had such opportunities of benefit ing the human race, and if we except, perhaps, the effete Spaniards, the dominion of no people has ever been so galling or insupportable, or attended by such fatal con sequences to the conquering power. At one time, not more than a hundred years ago, she had the finest opening ever possessed by any country of creating anew empire in India, and anticipating Eng land in her gigantic acquisitions in that vast continent. But she could not make use of her advantages ; she built forts, landed armies, drilled soldiers, and displayed, in her usual way, all the insolence of military g overn ment ; she failed to cultivate the affection of the natives ; she did nothing to improve their condition by protecting them against the tyranny and extortion of their Nabobs, and by encouraging trade and commerce with their new associates ; she would rule over them solely by force, and thus, like all the conquests of France, her valuable set tlements in the East slipped from her on the first dange rous crisis. This brief outline of her policy will apply to nearly all the attempts made to establish colonies. If we come to times of more modern date, the same causes will be found at work in obstructing every beneficial pur pose, and in undermining a power that seemed impreg nable. What European ever had such means of doing good, or abused them with such wanton recklessness, •is BONAPARTE ? During the Empire he was master of the entire Continent. He bad conquered Austria and Prussia, he had forced Russia into his alliance—ail the other minor states he could dispose of at his will—he ruled from Lisbon to Constantinople, and from Sicily to the Gulf of Finland ; but it was a military, despotic rule—he never acquired or attempted to acquire the affections of the people—he invariably hurt the feelings of nationality of Germans, and Spa niards, and Russians—he was detested alike by all, and • .• - liEr. MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Nobility, Subscribers, and te Public are respectfully informed that this Theatr h e will RE-OPEN THIS EVENING, Al RIL 14, When will be performed (for thP first time this season), Bellini's . I PUKITANI. Elvin, Madame Grisi (hsr first appearance this season) ; Arturo, Signor 31ario (his first appearance this season); Riccardo, Signal vorna:ari ; Giorgio, Signor Lablache (his first appearance this aeon). To conclude with the highly successful New Grand Ballet, by Perrot. The music by Signor Pugni, entitled, CATARINA ; on, LA FILLE DU BANDIT. The principal parts by Mdlle. Lucile Grahn, Madame Petit Stephan, .3loncelet, Cassan, Demellsse , a nd Madame Louise Taglioni; M.M. Gosselin, Bertrand, Di Mania. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Nobility, Subscribers, and the Public are respectfull y informed that an EXTRA NIGHT will take place on THURSDAY, APRIL 16, When will be presented Mozart's chef d'cenvre, DON GIOVANNI. Donna Anna, Madame Grisi ; Donna Elvira, Madlle. Sanchioli ; Zerlin t, Madame Castellan. Don Giovanni, Signor FOlliMart Dou Ottavio, Signor Mario ; Comrnandatore, Signor Botelli ; Masetto, Signor F. Lablache ; Lupo hl Signor Lablache. To conclude with the highly suecessful New Ballet, by M. Perrot, entitled, c ATARniA ou, LA FILLE DU BANDIT. The principal characters by Madlle. L. Grahn, Madlle. P. Stephan, and Marine. Taglioni ; M.M. Perrot, Bertrand, Di Matta, and Gosselin. UZAT.RE THIS KOVAL, n NG icult Y-LA.NE. EVENI Will be performed a New Opera, entitled THE CRUSADERS, The principal characters will be sustained by Messrs. W. Har rison, Horrani, Horncastle. S. Jones, Weiss, itretton, D. W. 111ag, Romer, and Miss liainiorth. After which, will be produced the Ballet d'Action, entitled PFROC -E , or, The Desolate Island. Principal characters by Madlle. Louise, Madame "iubilei, Mr. W 11. Payne, Mr. Howell, sir. T. d atthews, Mr. Wieland, and Master F. Payne. T EIEATR t‘, 1 tIYAL, tIA Y MARKIT. THIS EVENING Will he performed a New and Original Comedy, called, A BEGGAR ON HORSEBACK. C) mon Foxall, Mr. Webster; Coore cra;,, Mr. W. Farren ; Sir Jo hn Coverdale, Mr. Tilbury; Ernewl- Coverdale, Mr. H. Holl; Horace Wald g rave, Mr. Hudson ; Schneerdale, dermarn, Ar. J ; Thomas, Mr. Brindal; Lady Mrs. ;lover ; Selina Coverdale , Miss Julia Bennett ; Emmeline, Mrs. Seymour. The Band will perform the Overtures, " L a Symphonic," and Ne , ge ;" a Fantasia , " E ra Diavolo ;" the "Yost Horn e, al" and Anti.inette," Cellarius Waltz. After which (for the first time) an experiment will be tried upon T r: I; iRDS OF ARISTOPHAN ES : on which occasion they will be presented to the public with new Names, new Feathers, new Songs, and new Tales. Principal characters by Messrs. Jame; aim 1, 'Hudson, Tilbury, Brindal, Caulfield, T. F. ai athews, and Miss I'. Borten. To conclude wPh a New Comic Drama, called THE IRISH POST. ehAlat:tel, by Messrs. J. Bland, Tilbury, Mrs. Humby. fitc. • - .----------7-__ iIi.AIRE ROYAL, LYCEUM t'NDF',R THE MANAGEMENT OF MRS. KEELEY:. Unprecedented Attraction for the Easter Holidays. Re-engagement of :IENERAL TOM THUMB ! . . Who having, on each appearance in the Burlesque of " Hop o' my 'I Numb," been welcomed with most enthusiastic shouts of ap plause, and excited the astonishment a nd approbation of an Dimi elegant and delighted audit or y , by his almost e nutive Person and his equally Incredible Mind, the 31anagemeni has much pleasure in announcing his Performance for every Evening during the Holidays. T litS EVENING The performances will c.,mmence with a New and Original Comic Drawn, in Three Acts, called HONOURS AND TRICKS. Prin cipal etlaracters by Messrs. F. Matthews, F. Vining, wig„ D id,4 e ar, and Keeley ; Miss Villars, Mr,. A. Wigan, and Mrs. K e el ey After which, a New Extravaganza, M entitled T iga H n, Mrs M . Ke eley, LI 14 A i/ )r,lsr. Characters by Mr. Keeley, r. W and Miss T.-data:v. To conclude with an entirely New and Original Burlesque, en titled HOP 0' M Y THUMB ; or, The Ogre and Ws Seven -League lloot. Hop 'o My Thumb, General Tom Thumb. Stalls. as. ; Boxes. 4s. ; Pit, 2s. ; Gallery, 6d. when the crisis came they rose like one man agams hire ; the very Poles disdaining to aid him in the depth of his distress, and his army of 500,000 men, in the short space of three years, was reduced to 120,000. What glorious opportunities be lost during his brief reign I He might, and had he been possessed of a particle of patriotism, he would have formed his native land, Italy, into a separate, united, and homogeneous kingdom : he might have regenerated Spain, he might have improved the condition of the German people, by destroying the league of the Great Powers, formed only for their subjection. Hei could with one word of his mouth, or one of those lrs eon c sentences by which he delighted in signalising his despotic power, have established Poland as an indepen dent state, and bound every nation to him by the .trongest ties—those of interest and gratitude ; but; he had not the magnanimity nor the grasp of mind—he. was cursed with the spirit which unfortunately chiefly ani mates French generals and governors—he delighted more in the display of power than in using it . for any useful purpose. In the language of one of his .country men," NAPOLEON did not fail through the Governments opposed to him, but through the people ; he had ,trangely abused his dictatorial power over Europe ; be , rushed down nations by his treaties, and gave up the populations to kings of his own creation. In Germany, Lbove all, his policy appears most tyranni. al ; he takes away a province from one monarchy and gives it to another ; he plays with the masses as if they were chess 'nen. His is an unparalleled despotism, without reasoa or oxcuse. Add to this the French spirit, the French cha racter, which, in his pride of a founder of a great empire, he wished to force upon all Europe." This was the ;nine which at last exploded and dashed him to pieces, and to this very cause is to be attributed the utter failure ~f the French to establish col.;nies. They must change heir nature, if that is possible, at all events their policy, before the " time comes for France to have her turn." It is needless to comment upon the government of Al giers, and the causes of its utter failure. The same baneful spirit there prevails. No means are adopted for conciliating the natives. The people are more cruelly used than their rulers and the soldiers ; plunder, and razzias, and murder by suff,cation in taverns, or in any possible way, are the measures adopted by the French to reconcile the people to their dominion. Success un der such circumstances would be a miracle, yet even the noble and effective policy of England, by which she has Lde herself mistress of India, and is looked up to for protection by 100 millions of inhabitants, never seems to enter into the conception of these military rulers. Why is it " that no nation more extensively fulfils its providential mission?" Because she protects the weak against the strong, makes war against plundering Ameers, and t rannical Sirdars, and treats the people as her own countrymen; encourages trade and commerce, gives security to property, raises moderate taxes, respects native prejudices, and never by any incident makes war upon the innocent and helpless population. Hence it is ;hat Sir CHARLES NAPIF.R is regarded in Sinde as a protector, and that Sir HENRY HARDINGE has marched to Lahore as through a friendly territory. rAI t' ROYAL. ADEI,I - q1 A New Drama, and a New and agnificent Burlesque. THIS EVENING W i lie presented a New Drama, in Three Acts, called, IN DUSTRY AND INDOLENCE; or, The Orphan's I•egacy. St. Amour, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Rollin, Mr. 0. Smith ; S..nsonet, Mr Wright ; ',con.4. Del :mare. Mr. Perkin- • Batifole, Miss Woo l g as ; Ni n i, Miss WeZys • e r ; Cecile, Madame Celeste. After which, a New Burlesque, entitled, PETER IVILKINS The Loadstone Rock and the Flying Indians. Principal characters by Misses Woolgar, Emma Harding, Chaplin, Brooks, Taylor; Mr. Paul Re Itord, Mr. Mon) ard, Bee. To conclude with a Sew Farce, entitled, DID YOU EVER SEND YOUR WIFE TO CAMBERWELL ? Chesterfield Honeybun, Mr Wright ; Isaac Crank, Mr. 0. Smith ; Mrs. Crank, Mrs. F. Matthews. Mrs. lioneybun, Miss Emma Harding. PRINCESS'S THEATRE. OXFORD-STREET. THIS EVENING Wit be perrormed a New Drama, entitled ERNESTINE. The prine;pal characters supported Stanley,eS. Cooper, Ws. Rack, Leigh Murray ; Mrs. Stirling, Miss E. Miss May, Sze. Aller which, the petite 'cmedy, named THE IRISH AktßAS s A - I,OR. Sir Patrick O'Plenipo, Mr. Collins. To oziclude with a New Fairy Extravaganza, en titled LADY GODIV.' AND PEEPING TOM OF COVENTRY. iss IR which Messrs. Walton , W y nn, Compton, Granby, Oxberry ; M Taylor, Miss E. Stanley, Mme. Fos voke, Miss Honer, &c., will a,mear. AtilLt2.l ft. :1( AL ANI Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. ?atronised by her most gracious Majesty the Queen; Prince Albert, and the Princess Royal.—Entertainments Extraordinary for the }toad ty Visitors _ unctn Firt Amr eal ance of the c elebrated Clown Wallet, in conj w th Bary and Rochez. THIS EVENING Will be performed an entlrely new Equestrian Oiental Spectacle, entitled, THE ARAB AND HIS DESERT STEED; or, the p ea rl „f t i;.l Euphrates. The Characters personified by the principal mernbe-s,t ne Company and numerous auxiliaries. New and Pocular Scenes in the Circle, by the Foreign and British Professors. To conclude with a favourite At? erpiece. Box-oniee open from eleven till five o'clock.—Doors open at six and commence at seven o'clock. ItuYAL SURIiEY HEATRE. Holiday Attractions, once scale of N'ovelty, Talent, aud Variety er before offered. THIS EVENING Will be performed a New Burlesque Spectacle, entitled THE GIANT KILLER. Supported by Messrs. Rogers, Cowell, Lewis, Ileslop, 'Williams ; Mesdms. Hughes, M. Glover, &c. ed, ON ,ti:er which , a N ew Farce by Mr. E. Stirling, entitl Tilt •;1 1 .F.S ; or, A Night at Greenwich. To oe ifillowed by a Grand mallet of Enchantment,By called, DER CHANIOIB TAGER ; or, The Fiend on Earth. the Deglin Family. A Tab ea ux of the Great Indian Vict or y will be exhibited. a New Meiodrama , called, THE RATS OF T o cone:uda wit h EAT CASTLE. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. The most powerful and varied Entertainment ever offered to the Public ! TRIS EVENING Will he performil an entirely new Drama, entitled LAID UP IN I'o ; r, Shark.; Along Shore. Principal le, characters by Messrs F re dericks. Saville , Raymond, Tindell, Higgie, Star Bu ; Mi s s Vincent, Miss E . Terry, &c. After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE RETHMENT ; Georgette, Miss Vincent. lude wito romantic Drama, entitled THE D rted b EVIL' To cooc S DEN ; or, he Mint,a the Maize, and the Maiden. Suppoy the entire strength of the Company. NEW STRAND THEATRE. I.NTIRE CHANGE.—NOVELTIES AND MAGIC EFFECTS. " La gaiete est la sante de fame, La tristesse en est le poison." PHILLIPPE, in returning his grateful thanks to his kin,' Patrons, and recline anxious to merit a continuance of past favour.. SO Abe+ al: y bestowed upon him by the discerning Public of thi, great metropolis, begs leave to announce that be will Resume hit F NTr RTAI MEN T at t T he above Theatre, HIS Elrf. NINO, When ho will have the honour of introducing an ENTIRI CHANGE in his PERFORMANCE, which has been prepared at a great expense and labour. The New Feats and Miraculous Scientific . Experiments ae of the most extraordinary and astounding de scription, and must 1,....ecn to be believed. M P LI. IPP E will connnence the Entertainment by Lighting Two Hundred and Fitly Wax Candles by a single Pistol Shot ! This unique and brilliant Experiment was originally performed b) Mons'. Phillippe for upwards of 700 consecutive nights in Paris. During the Evening M. Phillippe will introduce his GRAND MOTHER'S CAP, with all i7s ..apid Transformltions. During the Easter Week there will be a Morning and Evening Performance cac It Day. The 3lorning Performance will commence at Two o'clock ; Evening performance at a quarter to Eight. Stalls, 35.; Boxes, 2s. Gallery, 6d. Pr'vate Boxes, 1/. Is., and 10s. Gd. At a most opportune pause in the Parliamentary ses sion, which is destined to render itself illustrious, , nasreuch as from it the freedom of commerce will be lated, a Membtr of the Upper House comes forward with a spontaneous recantation of his former opinions upon agriculture, and confesses himself to be an earnest and conscientious disciple of the free trade doctrines. We believe him to be conscientious, for reasons too numerous to individualise in detail ; And the farmers, who listened to this startling announce ment of the Earl of ESSEX, the nobleman in question, 'bowed by their courteous and almost enthusiastic be naviour towards him personally, that they also attri buted his conversion to the views advocated by the League to a sense of honourable conviction alone, not withstanding many of them took occasion immediately after the Noble Earl had resumed his seat to express their entire dissent from his opinions. These circumstances transpired at a meeting of the Watford Farmers' Club, .01 Tuesday, where the Earl of ESSEX presided as chair man. Now, let it be especially remembered that his Lordship is president of this society, and that very re cently, at a similar assembly at St. Albans, he had .poken in the most emphatic and decisive manner in favour of what is commonly, and , ridiculou , ly called pro- THE WEATHER.—SoN OFFicE, APRIL 12. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 45; Highest. 59; Noon, 64. BAROMETER, 29.55.--WIND S.W., fine. Aran 13. TiMATIOMETER, Lowest, 48; Highest, 65; Noon, 60. BAROMETER. 29 .69.—WIND S.S.E.; changeable. WATER AT LONDON-MUDGE THIS DAY. .. 24 Minutes after 3.1 Evening .. 42 minutes after 3 .........• ----- - ::,; 4 - .6 , , A• ~,' ii, ' '. i 0 ' ' ',,X . ' 171 - 4 , 1 7.*-i.44 . 4:14- . 4-,•-•A'rl, 4 l',, 4 ( ' ) ' :* 1 . 0ft5;246‘,.. , -- , . tection to agriculture. A transformation of ideas so sudden and so diametrically opposite may under a first casual con ,ideration bear a very questionable and suspicions ap pearance. That is but natural. Let us, however, analyse the wherefores of the case, and we shall speedily arrive at a conclusion s4mewhat different. As an unexpected .ind really antithetical declaration, it must undoubtedly gave been rather embarrassing to the nerves of the Right Honourable Peer, addressing himself, as he .vas through the medium of the press, to a party furious from the very hopelessness of their partizanship, and ready to place any construction upon fresh seceders from their political faith. The Noble Earl, indeed, acknowledged that he spoke " with a feeling somewhat akin to shame ;" but—mark the co • rollary !—it was not shame for his present conduct, for that originated in the chambers of his reason, in his sense of duty and justice, in the vitality of his c.n , cience and of his honour; no, it was not a shame arising from the nature of his present sentiments, or of the course which he now purposed to adopt—it was a feeling of shame fir having taken upon himself formerly to eulogise a system, and to maintain it in operation, without having in any manner considered its advisability, or without having reflected upon the consequences it might have upon the community at large. It was no mauvaise honte ' no paltry trepidation as to the cons t ruc ti o ns which possibly might be put upon his beha viour, which agitated the thoughts of his Lordship. It was a feeling of compunction at a failing of omission rather than c,mmis•ion, a feeling most creditable to his character, and one which exone rates him from every motive not strictly in accordance vi ith honesty of purpose. The Earl of ESSEX then con fesses that his previous enthusiasm for the so-called protective system was nothing but an unreflective adhesion to those principles with which he found himself associated by the accidents of birth and THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY MORNING, APRIL 14, 1848, inheritance. He acted as an upholder of the country party merely es a mater of course ; his ancestors h d proceeded upon the same undeviating system ; he to, k the excellence of its effects upon himself and everybody else for granted ; and thus, with a kind of luxurious indifference, or from a generous wish to co-operate with his compeers, the Noble Earl had united his voice wi h theirs in the laudation of protection and the depreciation of the schemes for the abolition of all restraints on commerce. " With that facility," says the Earl of ESSEX, " with which most people are too apt to show in adopting opi nions that apparently favour their own interests, I tell in with the views of those with whom I was classed, and I take shame to myself that I did so without duly inquiring into and fairly considering the subject." When. I however, it became evident that the matter would very speedily be produced before the Upper House of Parlia ment, and when, moreover, be observed that he would quickly be expected to vote upon a measure involvieg the ruin or prosperity of millions, the Noble Lord began for the first time in his life to take the matter into his se rious coroideration ; and "then," says he, "Ifoundufter due rejleeion and strict inquiry, that those opinions (which I bad hitherto professed) were erroneous." Ile drew his inferences with the most elaborate caution, bearing ever' in his mind that, "as an honest man, it was his duty to give an unbiassed vote ;" and those inferences were eon. elusive enough. In them he perceived that all his pre vious fears as to the consequences likely to result from the proposed commercial changes were altogether visionary; but especially he felt convinced that, with our wonderful increase of population, " a population increas ing at the rate of a thousand a day," home farming must prove utterly ivadequate to satiety thewants of the coun try. For some novel and striking calculations as to the good which must flow from the abolition of what he-de signates " the broken-reed., protection," we would direct particular attention to, the address delivered by Lord ESsEX, fully reported in another column. And no single shadow of doubt can le hone. - forth entertained as to the opinions of the Noble Earl upon the question of unrestricted com merce after he has so emphatically remarked that under the auspices of that system " agriculturists will arrive, I think, at a rich of prosperity I. itherto un known." It is not, however, so much to congratulate ourselves upon the alteration of the views of the Earl of Essex sincerely as we do so that we have uttered these comments upon the Watford meet ing. Our object was principally to demonstrate a great fact by a great instance; to show that among the most con-picuous champions of the Anti-Free -Trade party there are men acting from no appreciation what ever of the justice of their cause, but simply as a thing rather fashionable upon their patrimonial estates. They inherit —that is the precise word—they inherit their a ttachrnent to protection, just as they inherit a title, c r a town-house, or a seat in Dorsetshire. They have become imperceptibly habituated to the idea, as they becane 3 imperceptibly habituated to the saddle and the stirrup . It fell easily and naturally upon them, like a favour ite rube de chambre, or a comfortable pair of slip pers ; reflection is irksome to them, an indolent acqui escene a in the petty fribbles of their leaders is the most pleasa at and unfatiguing course they can follow. Such are the bulk of the supporters of the protectionists ! The 'Earl of ESSEX has shown them a courageous example ; let them follow it if they are men of sense and p. obiay ! Letters from Vienna announce the intention of the Austrian Government to e4ablish works for the manu facture of salt from sea-water at Venice. It is stated that the Austrian Minister (if Finance will be able to provide for the exigenci , s of the state from the ordinary revenue, and that there will therefore be no Joan, as had been anticipated. at. a The advices from Alexandria are to the 29th U. the 22d the first wife of the Viceroy,ha I,:EHEMET d died at Cairo, after a short illness. His Highness - w as deeply affected at the loss. The funeral, which was a ttended by the Viceroy himself , took place on the 23d. The transit of the desert (except the stations from Cairo to Su , z) has now completely changed hands. All the tmpkyes of the o:d " Egyptian Company's Transit" are retained by the new " Transit Adminitration," ex cept the directors. The following has been fixed as the pasenger's tariff : 1 Fir-t Cla-s• from Alexandr i a to Sues, (and •E• s. d. vice m 0 0 rsa) ••• ••, ... ... 12 10 0 Second Class 9 .. ... 2 10 0 Cairo ••• First Class, Suez to ••• ••• ... ti o Cairo to Alexandria ••• ... 910 0 Second Class, e . (and vice versa) 610 0 The tariff regulating the conveyance of merchandise and luggsge will shortly be published. On the 28th, at 45 minutes after 5 P.M., two violent shocks of an earthquake, lasting upwsrds of half a minute, had been felt at Alexandria. There had like wise been the,shock of an earthquake at Malta. By the Levnnt mail. in addition to the news from Con,tantinople, which will be found ehewhere, Malts papers to the 3d instant, and Athenian journals, to the 30th ult., have arrived. It would appear that the Greek Minister COLETTI was approaching to his fall. The Exchequer was in a state of bankruptcy, none of the employes of the Government having received any salary since January. The Budget has not yet been pre sented, and having been beaten in the Chamber on the question of the election of Questor, and out of the , Chamber in the election of dayor of Athens, he dared not ask for a provisional vote of credit, for fear of a reftval. The following letter, from the correspondent of the Malta Gazette, exposes the present state of affairs in Greece : " The Ministry, strong in the protection of the Court and the French anti Austrian Ambassadors, still main tains itself in power, notwithstanding the Ministerial phalanx is daly diminishing, by throwing itself into the ranks of the Opposition. .‘ Th e state of the finances is very embarrassing to Signor Coletti. The budget is not jet presented, and he dares not ask for a provisional credit, fearful of a refusal by the Chamber. The employes are without salary since the Ist of January, and are in the greatest state of misery. " The Senate during the last few days have begun the discussion of the laws upon cattle. The Chamber of Deputies is discussing the laws upon penal punish ments. and the reports of the petition. " The election for the Mayor of Athens took place yesterday ; notwithstanding the efforts of the Ministry, the Ministerial candidate was defeated. " On the cecasion of the election of the Questor of the Chamber, the Mini.sterial candidate had on ly 34 votes, whilst the Opposi.ion had The Athenian journals mention a debate which h a a s d i taken k of nfthe Chamber ( f Deputies on the oc , thejacein co mmission on an Opposition Member of c 0 e the Chamber of one of those brutal outrages which have become of almost hourly occurrence since the advent to power of COLETTI. The Courrier d' Athens gives the fol lowing account of the transaction : " An odious attack was committed on Thursday last, at four in the afternoon, in the Rue de Hermes, one et the most frequented points of the capital, on the person of M. Lysander Val4.is. Deputy for Elide. He was re turning from tha Chamber when four Maniotes came up, and after aseertftining by inquiries that he was the person they sought, they attacked him with stick., and b. at him viotently on the head and shoulders. Fortu nately Some passers-by came to his succour in time to save him from certain death. Two of the ruffians suc ceeded making their escape, but the others were ar rested. The qurstions which they addressed to M. Vibe is clearly prove that they did not know him, and that they mu.t have been set on by others. This event, caused great excitement amongst the inhabitants of the capital. Both deputies and senators were in great corn motion from it, and the sitting of the next day in the Chamber of Deputies was wholly dedicated to this affair. Nevenheleis, it is melancholy to say, that though much was said nothing was done." M. NI ETA XA had made th is outrage the ground of an attack on the Ministry in the Chamber, and had moved " for the radical reform of the Government," which motion had been rejected by 69 to 37. The offenders had in the meantime been arrested. This was not the only outrage that had been perpetrated in Athens. Fron the same paper we extract the following "Another tact has taken place of a suspicious chara c i c . ter. One of our first hankers , M. Vouros, received anonymous letter, in which he was called on, in the nam e of twenty p.=rsons, under a threat of death, to place is an appointed spot a sum of money. He concerted witl the police, and then proceeded to the place name ' ), asade r to place th e money . A f ew momenta afteran m his appearan ce , an d went t o take the s um de p osited The police agents at the moment rushed forward and took him into custody." d th According to advices from Constantinople, date .e 27th ult., the independent Circassian tribe of the Ab bazes had declared for SCHAIHYL, having previously re jected overtures which had been made to them from Russia. On the 26th, a steamer and several other vessels had been launched from the Arsenal in the presence of the SULTAN, the SULTANA MOTHIHt, an a tl . e+ ladies of the harem. Accourts had b e en received at C on stantinople frc Erzeroum, announcing that the difficulties which h td hitherto prevent,d the setth went of the differences t e cween Persia an.l the Sublime Porte had been remov The Malta Times publishes a letter from Con' Attu tinople, dated the '4sth ult., which states that R:c 03 , Ew PACHA iS doing all in his power t o thwart the reform principles Of REDSCHID PACHA, and that he ir , availing himself of his return to office to increase his fortune b) corrupt means. The SULTAN has formally consented to t he marriage of REDSCHID PACHA'S eldest on with the sister of MEREmET ALI PACHA, the Alinister of Marine, and the brother-in-law of the SULTAN. Tie news from Syria is satisfactory. The intelligence from Gallicia is t( the 3lst ult. The following un4pr that date is from t* Ale Universal German Gazette, of the Bth instant : " The peasants stlll continue to pillage. They are , mostly commanded by di*bunded soldiers. In the circle ing the public liberties and the Constitution from MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS of Tarnow, las, and not Sala, commands 12,000 pea- the coup de-main of Genersl •Narvaess, and from the in- (From The San er Last Niqht.) sants well armed. He is penile:vied that lie is chosen trigues of the Absolutists. who flatter him for the pur• The sales of Cotton at Liverpool on Saturday were by Pro, , idenee to be the ex(.entor of . the Laperial will.' pose of making use of him, was to change the Captains. 6,C00 bales, half of which were on sped icion, and half He has carried his audacity Si) fir as to send a deputation I Gereral of Catalonia, Andalusia. Aragon, and New for exportation. Shares were steady generally. to wait on the Ernp, , ror at Vienna. In the circle of I Castile, to renew in great part the posts about the poll- The communication received from the office of Corn- Bochnia a peasant named Khrygo commands the incur- I tical chiefs ;and, lastly, to compose a Ministry with men mittee of Privy Council for Trade, by the Secretary or eeeta, another named Janocha in Sandecz, and in l whose principles offs-r equal guarantees to the partisans Registrar of Joint Stock Company's Registry Office, Przemyse and ?iamb° a now named Boschola. 'The Em- of the revt , s , lution and the friends of order and Conserva- stating rather precisely the intentions of Government perces letter, thanking the peasants, was received with tire Weas. relative to abortive, or ill-conducted new railway pro contempt by the armed hordes. When one of the Its- Lord and Lady PALIvIERSToN, who are in weree jects, has been the subject of almost general converse perial Commissioners represented to the peasants, who with Marshal SEBASTIANI on Monday. They to tion in the City, among moneyed and commercial men. now consider themselves to be the owners of the property dine at the Tuileries on Sunday, and had .likewise ac- This important document will be found in ano of the late nobility, to ' consider that there exist widows I elated invitations from M. Guazor, the Princess then column of The Sun, and it is worth the most anti orphans to whom the property belongs,' they replied, attentive perusal. There may be many useful improve "N e have flayed the great does, anti we shall soon get LIEVEN. and Baron lt . ....oulscfin.D. ments made in the Bill to be brought in by Government rid of the little.' Each of the Imp erial Commissioners The Courice Francais of Friday says— in the course of its progress through Pa rliament. A is accompanied by sic soldiers, notwithstanding whic h "It is confidently stated that Governor Bruat has ad- proposal, urged in some quarter is, that scripholders protection two of them have been already murdered by dressed to the Minister of Marine a letter, in the form should be c-nsidered entitled to vote for the dissolution the peasants. In the circle of Tarnow, one of the most of a secret report, in which he imputes to the English the of any project to which they have been allottees of populous districts in Gallicia, there remain but nineteen gravest acts. Ile declares that it is impossible to do shares, from the day Sir Robert Peel gave the outline of of all the proprietors ~n d their families." anything at Otaheite as long as the Protestant mis- the intentions of the Ministry, meets very general sup- The following resolutions, adopted by the representa- sionaries inhabit thuntry. Re has not the means of port, as it is already known that many parties, who have dyes of Russia. Prussia, and Austria, assembled at thwarting intrigues, whith assume'every kind o f shape a nd paid their money, or are under a responsibility to do r , --appear at every turn ! Queen Pomace has taken up her so , ha v e been induced to sell their int, rest at a greatly Berlin, on the subject of the re p ublic of Cracow, appear abode in one of the windward island, and holds there reduced value, the buyer of course in such instances in the Cologne Gazette : a sort of Court. Tea) missionaries, Mr. John Knatch, coming in for all the profit that may arise from the opP "1. The republic of Cracow will continue to be a free and Mr. Adam Rowe, and a native chief, entirely de- ration. Very many other points, well worth a remark state. . '. Not, dto the English, form her Privy Council. A p r i n t- or two on another occasion, to make the Bill as perfect "2. This state, however, shall not possess the privi- ing-orlice is established in a cottage neighbourittg to her and stringent as possible, have been communicated. The lege of reorganising her militia, or of insintaiming tr?ops. residence, an d t h ere are f a b r i ca t e d withtut ceasing pro- great point to be gained is , that the intentions of Govern " 3. The three protec tin g Powers shall alternatively clamatieus destined to stir up the populations against ment should not be defeated by any underhand work on the keep a earrison in the city of Cracow. France. All these acts are so flagrant that M. Bruat part of solicitors, of scheming managers or committee " 4. The ancient royal castle shall be transfscr , med into dec l ares t h at h e c annot remain a ith honour at his post men, who of course, if they ca n relieve themselves from a citadel, to be def ended b y a park of artillery.it mea,ures be not taken to put down so great a scandal. responsibility, will drain the funds in hand, or calculated It is wen said that the brave governor, now too well edi- upon, to the uttermost, before they consent to the Isbell- By order of the President of the province of Silesia, all Poles coming from France or Belgium, S . % . v d itz rlan 'see reettoe to the energy and patriotism of M. Guizot, donment of projects, the continuation of which so well or Italy, who have not their passports vise by thee solicits his conga and permission to return to France." filled their pockets. It has ben suggested that a public Pius-tan Minister, and proceeding ta p Breslau, are to be The same journal, of Saturday, mentions as a rumour meeting should be convened, at which delegates from all ,etit back to the place where their assport was lastscripholders or allottees might attend, to take e i s e'd, and under no pretext be allowed to continue their that Don ENTRIQuE had written from . Bayonne to the means of compelling the winding up of doubtful, Prince de JOINVILLE, liaising permission to serve on bad, or other s c hemes, the parties connected with whic h t o urney. boa: - - - a e anxious to have such affairs brought to a speedy t e rmination Many difficulties, now in the way of the b eneficial working of the Bill to be introduced by Go vernment, might at such a conclave of parties most fully acquainted with the subject, be removed, and the measure of the Ministers rendered more efficient and and his ship as a volunteer. It was reported in Paris on Saturday that a telegraphic lispatch had been received from Bayonne, announcing the arrival of General NARVAEZ in that city. Algiers journals to the sth had been received in Pali- Th y contain no news of importance in addition to the last accounts. ADD- EL-KADERiS represented as a fugitive abandoned by his former supporters, who are hastening, say these j urnats, to make their submission. The Prince DE JOINVILLE haw left Paris for Toulon, where he will probably meet the Duke CONSTANTINE. The Itus,ian fleet, under the order of the young Admiral, is composed of five .hips—The Itigertnanland, of 74 guns, on board a lych the Archduke has hoisted his flag; two corvettes, of :37 and 24 guns; and two steam frigates. The Courrier de Marseille, of Wednesday, says: — "The news which we gave a few days ago from Naple , , is confirmed Tile Grand Duke Constantine will be here in a few days. '[he Goya! nrnent has given orders to the Adiuir..l:y for his being reom-ived with all the honours due to his rank. He will proceed from Toulon to Bri,st, and visit successively the principal maritime towns of France." The IVloniteur publishes the law allocating an extra ordinary credit of 1,000,000 of francs for secret service. purposes. All the French papers have long articles on the sub ject of the debats in the House of Commons on the Irish Coercion Bill. The doctrines of free trade seem to be exciting can siderable attention in France. The Courier Francais and the Con.stitutionnel have each long articles on the subject. The Courier Francais advocates the principles of free trade, while the Con.stituticnne/, without abso lately taking the other side of the question, seeks to dis courage those who entertain enlarged and liberal views on the subject. The two cempanies formed under the auspices of Baron de ROTHSCHILD and M. CHARLES LAFITTE to bid for the Western Railroad had withdrawn the pro posals which they had deposited in the hands of the Minister of Public Works. The Journal des Chemin..? de Fer mentions that the Amiens aid Boulogne Railroad Company had signed a contract with Messrs. MacKetazrE arid BRASSEY for the construction of the line, and that the works would commence forthwith, and be carried on with the utmost complete. There are not any late arrivals from the British colo nies to day. By an official return of the circulation of the Irish Banks for the month, ending on the 28th of March, it appears that the amount of bullion in the sister isle at that date, amounted to about 2,500,0001. It has been previously explained that when the late Act of Par liament came into operation, compelling all banks in Ireland to have a certain amount of specie, according to their issues, the stock of the precious metals in the coffers of the Bank or England were lessened very considerably but the effect of the new law has been to g i ve more stability, if p oss ibl e , t i •an b e f ore ex i ste d to the Irish banking business, a continuance of which must of course have the most beneficial effects in increas ing confidence on the other side of the Channel. All the banks chartered, as well as private or joint-stock , seem by the present return to be doing a safe and * lucrative business. The Consol Market has been scarcely so firm this morning as it was on Saturday, but the re-action in value has been slight. Consols for Money, and for the first transfer day, to-morrow, have been quoted at 9611 , for the Account at 961 and 2 ; Exchequer bills at 24se to 275. premium; the Reduced Three per Cents. at 9511; while the New Three and a Quarter per Cents. have re ceded from 972 to 961. India Stock has fallen from 2612 to 261; and Bank of England Stock from 2061 to 206. There has been a slight reaction in Mexican Stock this morning, the official notification of the amount re ceived by the Avon, on account of the dividends being smaller than was anticipated. This is, however, easily accounted for, as the Conductor had not arrived at 'Vera Cruz when the mail left, supposed to have over 2,000,0 0 .° do tars, on merc h ants an d ot h er i n t eres ts, with it Mexican B on d s opene d at 3 21, an d are n ow at 3 1 s. In the Portuguese Bonds there is an advance to 571 ; 111 the Dutch Four per Cents., to 922 ; in the Two and-a' Half per Cents., vi 591- ; but Sp .nigh Consols have gone hack to 25. Old Brazilian Five her Cents. continue a t about 802. In the Railway Share Market, the proposed measures of Government, in order to enable shareholders and scripholdors to comel the winding up of new projec ts, c . ontinues the them e of anxious discussion. In the mea n " there is sot much doing in Railway Shares, but prices are more firm. BRITISII FUNDS It appears that attempts hays been made to excite disturbances in Brussels. We extract the following from the Brussels Herald of Saturday : " In the course of Friday afternoon numerous copies of an inflammatory circular were distributed in this city, chiefly amongst the working classes, and in the streets where they reside. The plan adopted was as fellows: — At vari?,us points of Brussels two or three individuals dressed in blouses, under which they concealed large packets of the obnoxious circular, awaited for convenient opportunities to glide 3,1113 e copies into the hands of the pass- rs-by, whilst other erni ,, sAries were on the look out, to give warning whenever any of the police authorities appeared. Copies were also dropped in the public thurotwhrares, thrown into shops, or thrust under doors. Notwithstanding all the precautions which had been taken to conceal the authors of the seditious circular, the police soon got on their scent, and succeeded in dis covering rind arresting the printer. This first step led to further arrests, and we have grounds for stating that the authors of the circular are either already in custody or that they are well known." . The criminal tendency of this violent circular will be seen by the following extracts:— " The future inspires cruel alarm. You rich people of the land, you aristocrats, are much to be pitied, notwith standing your pleasures and the material treasures which you possess. Yeur hard-heartedness, your lead selfishness, your rapacity, yon: in human conduct, will to rob ' bery, inc endtaristn, and assassina , ion ! " Thai; terrible prophecy will be realised, if a speedy and efficacious remedy be not adopted for the distress of those wfso are not beggars by profession, but of those who know too well their dignity and their strength to degrade themselves to such an extremity ; fur the pro verb stays, ' Hutg,ry belly has no ears.' " Me.itary brothers ! your relatives, your brothers, your fr i, nds are about to expose their state of distress to the Government. We do nut wish to war agaiast you; all we ask for is to have work met bread, in order that we m ,, .y net all perish by hunger. Do not he affienst us, for you, soldiers, are also children of the people, and if, by order of piiless or ignorant chiefs, you fire on the peopl e your balls arid bullet brothers strike your own fathv rs and mothers, yeur own and friends. Do not fire on the people, but say to your.elves, ' We sold ie-rs are also of the people ; we wilt not be our own exec ,utieners.' " In other parts of the circular it is stated that the oel: • way to prove to th se who have sworn to attend to the interests of the Belgian people that it is high time to listen to the latter, is for a trueßelgians to to pre weed en masse , next Tuesday, the 1-111 B instant, the King and the representatives of the nation, in order t( ) lay before Oem an account of the prevailing misery. / 01' true Belgians' are c tnsequenily invited to assemble tin 'text Monday morning iu the great market-place of Ghent, whence they are to proceed to Brussels, in order that they way meet on the Grande Place of that city at noon on the followlil4 day. It is stated in ill& cimailar that 100,000 copies of it have been struck off. rids is probably an exaggeration; hut it is quite cer tain that the document in question has been very ex- I tensively read. The auth orities are on the alert, and our readers may rely upon the vigilance and zeal of the Government. and the love of order of the overpowering majority of t:te inhabitattts of Brussels and Ghent, for the prevention of any serious disturbance." On Saturday evening six prisoners implicated in the above attempt were conveyed by special train from Brus sell to Ghent. . activity. The Three per Cents. closed on the Paris Bourse on Saturday at 831. 70c. ; the Five per Cents., I2of. ; the Orleans Railroad Shares 1,232 f. 50c. ; It)uen, 1.045 f. ; Havre, 747 f. 50c.; Great N orthern, 766 f. 25c.; Avg Son. 9201. ; Vierzon, 6801. ; Bordelux, 6331. 75e.; Boulogne, 5101. ; Troyes anti Montereau, 415 f. ; Ba s le, 2?5'. ; Fampoux, 450. ; Dieppe, 4551. ; Paris and Strasburg, 5251. ; Tours and Nantes, 5451. ; Paris and Lyons. 5801% ; Belgian Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 561 ; Spanish Domestic Debt 30-it ; ditto Passives. 51. • The following are the qui.tations for the nt w lines: — Lyons and Avignon Definitive, 5401.; Uordeaux and Cette (Mackenzie), 502 f. 75c.; ditto (Espeleta), 5091: 50c.; Charleroi, 4951. BUSINWS i)ONS IN FOREIGN RAILWAY!' AT THE; LONDON STOCK E'XIIANGE, APRIL li. =iioulogne and Amiens, 12 —Dutch Rhenish, 5 3 4 East Indian, %—Great Northern of France Constituted, le s —Great Western Bengal, % —Louvain and Jetnappe, 1% -- Namur and Liege, 1% Orleans and Bordeaux, 10% —Rouen and llavre, 29 1 / 2 —Sambre and Meuse, 3 —West Flanders, 2%. is ßank iir:ge S p t e ock ., i; ONE CLOSIN G O'CLOCK. pnICES• 206 .. • 95% Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities .. .. 9534 % rjj 96% 56% New T hree - and-a-Quarter per Cent. Anne. 97% 96% % i l e B B 6o . . .... 9 - 6 Ditto, 30 years, Jan. 5, 1860 .. .. 10 7-16 India Stock .. .. . . 261% 361 .. .. .. • India Bonds, 1,0001. 25 24 • • .. .. • • • • :'ousels for Account .. .. .. .. • . 96% % Exchequer Bills. I%d. I%cl. 1,000/. .. .. _.... 24 27 - - Inn. 27 5001. . _ '• • • 24 27 - - pm. 27 21 Ditto. Small - •••••••• 24 27 - - Pm. ONE CLOSIN G FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK, PRICES . Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent .. .. 80% Si% Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent 95% .. . .. - Annuities,.• ConsolsExpire :ltannll..s, t, • 206% 206 Grenada, 1 per Cent .. .. .. _ .. -- Ditto, Deferred .. .. .. ___ 44 Mexican Bonds, 1837, 5 per Cent .. - 31% Ditto, for the Account .. .. .. 32 1 % 31% 31 S Portuguese Three per Cents • • .. 57% 579(► Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent .. .. - 2534 Ditto, for the Account .. .. .. 25 2534 Ditto, Deferred .. .. .. .. .. - 161 Ditts, Three per Cent .. .. .. - - 36 Dividends on the above payatile in London. 59% Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cent • • 59 % % 92% Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 92% BUSINESS CLOSING PAID. DONE AT PRICES . ONE O'CLOCK, 2% Aberdeen.. .. .. • • • • • • 10 •' • • 3 '• ••••• • •• Amber., Notting., Boston, and 114 Eastern Junction .. • • • - 2 % •• •• 1 7i • ****** •• : ..5 Birmingham and Gloucester.. .. 10 0 .. .. 12 '5 .. .... ... , ; 04 Ditto New (lased at 7% dis.) ~ 17% •• • 39 % -; ;•''• ' '• s dis .••% C B a u l c e :r d i o n i g ii h a a n msh . tr . e .... .... .... .... 10 ... 7 6%• •••• • 1 425. .... Ti dis... •. • 6% Ditto, Half Shares .. .. .. 254 .... 1 1 / s .• • .... - , i l Ditto, Extension .. .. .. 240 .... 14 .......... __AZ Chester and Holyhead .. .. .. 20 .... 18 ex int.... 18% e.ri i % Cornwall and Central Devon. .. 2% -.. 1% ..... ..... Direct Manchester (Remington's) 2% .... .. „ ...... Direct Northern .. .. .. .. 254.... - .......... 14 Eastern Counties .. .. .. 141. 165..... 21% %.14 ..., 2 1 Ditto New .. .. .. .. 81. 165..... 6%4 p...... 634 P Di) Perpet., 5 per Cent. No. 1. 6!. 13s. 4d. - .......... -•-' Ditto, ditto, .. .. No. 2. 61. 13s. 4d. IA 4 p...... 4 1 Ditto, York Extension .. .. 105..... - .......... ‘., Edinburgh and Glasgow .. .. 50 .... 714 72 •••• • • 7 `4 Enniskillen and Sligo ... .. .. 2% .... - Gt. Grimsby, L o uth, Horn. ,&c... 425•.... 1 dis .... • • '„ O 4 Great Southern & West. (Ireland) 15 .... 214 20% ...• 4 0 4 . Great North of England . ..100 .... - • • ...• •• • • "51.1 Ditto, New .. .. .. .. 5 .... 51 .• .......• ii Ditto, New . .. .. .. 5 . .. Great Western .. .. 17 Ditto, Quarter Shares .. .. 5 .... 16 ...... Lancaster and Carlisle .. •. 35 .... -• • ..... • • i 0 ~, Ditto New .. .. .. • - • • 5 •• • • 10 --•••- • • Leicester, Tamworth, &c. Liverpool and Leeds Direct - .. - a London an Birmingham . .100 .. • . 224 223 224.. 4 • •, yi Ditto Thirds .. .. .. .. 24 .... 614 ....... ::i Ditto Quarters ........2 •• .. 28 Ditto Fifths .. .. .• • • 2 .... 25 London and Brighton .. .• •. 50 .... 62% 63 London and Croydon .. .. 13/. 15s 9d. 214 %%•• •••• / .. 6 London and South-Western,. 41/. Cs. 10d. - ••••• • • • • • ;14 Ditto, New . .. .. „,, 12% .... 2114 ... London and York .. .. • • .. 2%.... 1 % % ••• l% Ditto, Half Shares •• .• .. 2% • • • 1 % ••••• • • • • • Manchester and Leeds .. .• .. 82 ••• • - ...... •• '• -- 9 Ditto, Quarters .. .. .. 2..• • 9 lt Ditto, Fifths .. .. .. .. 2 .... II .. •••• • • • • t oi Ditto, Sixteenths .. .. .. 6 1 4 .. .• 8 % Ditto Extension . Manchester arid Birmingham .. 40 -••-••' • • • ' • • • 931 Ditto, Quarter Shares (B) • • 2 •• • • 934 ••••• • •• • • 79 Ditto, Quarter Shares (C) • • 1 •• • • 734 ..... ••• • • psr Manchester, Buxton, & Matlock 425..... par •• .... i f Manchester and Southampton .• 2 ••• • - •••••• " •• •• 144 Midland .. .. . .. ..100 ....145 144...... .. 28 ' 74 : . Ditto, New .. .. .. 18 .... 29 34 2 9 ••• • •• 443 Newcastle and Darlington Junet. 25 .... 433 q 44 .. .... 8 Ditto, New . .. • . • • 1 •• • • 8 '' •" • 4O Ditto, New, Branding .. .. 25 .... 42% • ...., lB Newcastle and Berwick. .. •• 10 ••• • 18 ••',•• • • • • 24/ North British .. .. .. .. .. 20 .... 2434 • . Ditto, Half Shares .. .. .. 6 .. • • 8 % •-•••• • • • • • ,li cil Northamp..Bedford, &Cambrid g e 425..... 1% 'dis North Kent aud Direct Dover • • 254 •• • • 1 %, ••••• • • • •• 2 4 North Staffordshire .. .. • . 42 5 . •• • • 234 P •••• • • • • 2'3! Norwich and Brandon .. .. .. 18 .... 23% .......... 71 Ditto. New .. .. .. .. 5 .... . 1% .......... . Oxid.,Worcester,& Wolverhmptu. 1230 .... 8 Rugby and Huntingdon .. .. 2 ..... 1% 1.. Scottish Central .. .. . .. 10 .. .. 13 34 is . ••• •• • • 6 Scottish Midland .. .. .. .. 10 ..... 634 Shrewsbury and Hereford .. .. 2%.. .. - . • I 4 6 7 .. 4 3 2 3 % 7.7. 35 4 34 d .x i5.. 3 . 5 . 5 ..... n , South „oDutoh.. l EN t a i e d swt l: ( t rn l d d ond3l . D: 67 .. 8 . rd .) .. N .. No. 2. 10 .... 10 ....... .. 1 1 " , Do., New (do. 301.) .. No. 3. 15 .... _ .......... • Do., New (do. 151.) .. No. 4. 234 .... ..._ .......... li, South Wales .. .. • • • • • • 5 .... 1% ...... 1 Waterford and Kilkenny .. 8 Welsh Midland .. • • • • • . 2% .... 11A . West Riding Union .. .. ..429.. ... 14 p. • • Yarmouth and Norwich .. .. 20 .... 24% ly'oorri, a lc and tid Lancaster ~‘a steu r d iau. d . ~.. .... gfi . ....... _..... ....:. .• ••• 1 Ditto. Extension . .. .. 15 .... 31% ••••• • • • • : S i 1 Do. E. and W. Riding Eaten.- I •• • • 8 % ••••• • • • • • FOREIGN RAILWAYS. ..• Bord., Tout., k Cette (Mackenzie) 2 .... - •••• •• " Ditto, ditto (Espelete) .. 2 •• • • 2 % ••••• • • • •• ° I)utch Rhenish .. .. ... .. 5 •• • • 5 14 %%•• •• • ' East Indian .. . .. .. .. ss. .... %% ••••• • • • Great Western Bengal .. •• 58 . ••• • - •••• • • '• •••• 1 li , one and Avigno n .. .. • • 2 .... 2 . ..... ..... I Namtu and Liege .. - - 4 .... 1%34••••••••• it Orleans and Bordeaux .. • • 6 •• • • - ••••• • • • • -4( Paris Pa ri s and Strasbourg S R t o ra s s e b n our • g • Constituted - •• 2 5 ° •• :: : 4 5 0 % 4 4. :::• .• : ...• 2 1 Rouen and Havre . .. .. • • JOINT-STOCK BANKS. Australasia .. • • • • • • HOUSES OF OCCUPATION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sire—The repose from polities during the recess, hop-, will permit me to report progress in the task have undertaken, which, considered in a social or poll tical point of view, is of vast importance to society, which is bound to protect itself, and by ,ffevention diminish the number of criminals. From my humbl. etloi ts to arouse the public mind, I have the flattering results of a committee being formed, to impress upon the Leeislature the necessity of a remedy, consisting of— The Bishop of London, R. M. Milnes, Esq., M.P. The Bishop of Norwich, The Lord Mayor, The Bishop of Oxford, Earl of Denbigh, The Bishop of Peterb.mough, Lord Kinnaird, The Bishop of Gloucester Lord F Egerton, and Bristol, Lord John Manners, Colonel Wool, M.P., Lord Robert Grosvenor, and a nu nerous body of influential gentlemen, who take great interest in the matter ; and it is gratifying to find that the Committee's request has been responded to by nearly all the corporations in England and Wales, heartily a? proving of the object, and sending and pre paring petitions to both Houses of Parliament, thus showing the wishes of the people on the subject. I h ave also further to state, that I have submitted the necessity of a remedy to her Majesty, who takes much interest in these poor outcasts, and who will not permit the de moralising system to continue to exist. The Duke of Cambridee has kindly promised to support the measure in the House of Lords. It can scarcely be imagined that, at -this period of time, society should have made no adequate attempts to reclaim so large a section of our fellow-creature:' ; and when it is considered that nearly 30,000 individuals are annually east out of prison at the expiration of their sentence, to prey upon the public, and of necessity causing a friehtful annual ex penditure, and no means adopted to avert such evils, is a double reproach upon us as a nation. Many antiqiiated notions have to be combated, many inv. terate prejudices are to be overcome ; all agree that sonitAing must be done, but that they see difficulties. hy, where is the syst em that does not p resent obsta cles ? I well remem ber that it was considered ridicul ous to attempt lighting Lo ndon with coal—to cross the ' with many oth ers, h ave Atlantic, or traverse the kin g dom b y s t eam , was road.ness—the emancipation of the slave population was con sbiedeenr e s d u ec sfuim l e l ry a a c e y o e i t n allpli sthed these and shows wh at may b e d..re by co-operation and p. rseverance. W e have the fact of an institution of the kind required having been estalslished in France, in 1840, with perfect success, begun by a benevolent individual, Count Leon d'Ourches, succour-•d by the King and Royal family and the public purse. It not only imparts education, hut has annexed a considerable extent of waste land, which is cultivated by " the colonist..." Workshops are esta blished, trades are taught ; the form of discipline is " persuasive, not coercive." The result is, that out of every hundred five only have been afterwards re convict d. This speaks volumes. A similar establishment in Hol land works well. Manchester can demonstrate what may be done ; and the employment in such houses of occu pation, in providing their own food and clothing, the cultivation of surrounding waste land, all point out a complete remedy, and will well repay Government for the outlay. I am thus pursuing the course pointed out ; having been responded to by the wise and good of the land, with so powerful a demonstration from the various cor porations, sanctioned by royalty, and aided by a power. ful press, to which the cause of humanit y is much in debted, som ething beneficial must and will be achiev e d. I am, Sir, your obliged servant, JOHN LAURIE, Sheriff, &c. f 1, Hyde Park-place, April 13. 1846. ts of ,Madrid journals.-of the sth instant have arrived. The Gaeta contains the royal decrees accepting the resigna ti ons of NARVAEZ, ORLANDO, and BURGOS, and ap p. )inting ISTURITZ as President of the Council, and A.R3lEito as Minister of Marine, charged provisionally with the War Department. The decree accepting the resignations is countersigned by EGANA, who retains his office as Minister of Justi:e; that making the ap pointments is countersigned by the new President of the Council, ISTURITZ. The Under -Secretary of State for the Finances is charged provisionally with the adminis tration of that department. It appears that Colonel ORTEGA. made an unsuccessful attempt, during the night of the 4th, to get up a pro the in favour of NAavAEz. ORTEGA, MAZZERADO LoIGORRI, the Under Secretary-at-War an d several other partizans of NARVAEZ have been dis t) issed. and G eneral PEZUELA. has bee 3 appointed Cap gain-General of Madrid. It is believed that the retire ment of NARVAEZ is real on the present occasion, that there exists an irreconcileable difference between him and CHRISTINA and that he will be requested to leave M.sdrid with as little delay as po,sible. _EI Imparcial has been condemned to a fine of 500 rea Is, for not having, when it began, fulfilled all the for ma titles required by the last decrees as to the liberty of PRICES OF RAILWAY SHARES. the press. 'The Duke and Duchess of SAXE COBURG GOTHA et nbarked on the sth at Barcelona for Valencia en route to Lisbon, aid Malaga, Gibraltar, and Cadiz. MADRID BOLSA, AP RIL 4.—Three per Cents., 314 for inor,ey, 314- to April 28 ; F ive p er Cent., not q u o ted ; Barak of St. Ferdinand, 170 ; Company of Probity, 18r; ; Bank of Isabella, 170 ; Company. of Iris, 125 ; G,aneral Assurance, 83 ; Alliance, 170 ; Anchor, 170 ; Ckas Company, 160. Exchanges—London, 37i; Paris, 165. We have received Paris papers of Friday and Satur day, which are principally occupied with discussions on the recent changes in Spain. The Constitutionnel of Saturday states that the fall of both the NARVAEZ Cabinets arose from the Stock-Ex change speculations of the Minister:— " It must be confessed, painful as is that confession, that the dissolution of the Mon-Narvaez Cabinet el. was oc casioned not by a p olitical, but a pecuniary qarr The most influential person in the Cabinet had been formerly connected with a bunker of Madrid in The some speculatas sociates ions, but had lately quarrel led with him. two became antagonists, speculated against each other on the Exchange. The banker proved victorious, and the Minister of Finance having refused to join in the ha zardous speculations of his ducal colleague, the Cabinet was therefore dissolved." " The second break-up was also on a Stock-Exchange question, not of so serious a nature indeed as the other, for as the point in dispute was merely whether fifteen days or a month should be allowed as the delay for the :;uppression of time bargains, the question could only 'nave been a pretext on one side, and a foolish piece of rbstinacy on the other, it indeed that short difference of time was not of importance to the pecuniary rot e the Narvaez. Be this as it may, however, the re sistance of one tnemner of the Oabitiet to the wishes of the President of the Council led to the overthrow of the entire Cabinet." With regard to the chances of the new Ministry, the same journal observes:— " How long will th sinew Ministry Minis of M. s curries out hold office ? Not long, t o u ss the new ter all the projects'of his predecessor. " Moreover the marriage presents the same difficulties as ever. Tit-- Conte de Trapani can no longer bo relied on, a lthough Queen Christina persists in her refusal of any other son-in-law. It may he seen by the manner in which a son of the Infant Don Paulo has been treated, how far the members of this Prince's family are from the throne. Many of the Spanish, and perhaps even the French Cabin 't, would possibly consent to receive M. le Comte de Monternolin, who who has for some time past been much more courteously treated by the Government, and is almost freed from surveillance of any kind. "The Liberal Prince is arrested—the Carlist Prince is favoured—this is a counter revolution." On this subject the Presse, which is looked upon as the organ of CHRISTINA, has the following : " M. Isturitz, it is said, has declared that he will not committ the fault which produced the downfal of M. Mir.flores. This fault was to have adopted only half measures, to have deeply divontented the friends of General Narvaez, and the A h,olutists of M. de Viluma, without completely satisfying the great constitutional and sincerely liberal fraction of the Conservativ-- party. M. Isturitz has not eo,fitiod Mims if to thes, generalities. At a m- eting, which took place in his house, he declared that the only means of protect- Died, after a short at his residence in Albe marle-street, on Friday the 10th instant, deeply lamented by a numerous circle of friends, Louis Eustache Ude, in the 78th year of his age. Solemn mass will be performed for the re pose of his soul at the French Chapel in Little George-street, Portman-square, on Thursday the 16th instant, and on the same day his remains will be interred in the Kensal-green Cemetery. _ 10 7 -16 261 96 20 • 40 •• • • - ••••" • • .• MINES. Real del Monte, Unregistered .. • .•• The Microscopical Society will meet on Wednesday, at eight r.m.—Athenctunt. HEAVY DAMAGES AGAINST AN OFFICER OF THE ROTAL ARTILLERY.—An action was tried, on the 4th of March last, at the Court of Common Pleas, in the island of Dominica, in which damages were sought for an assault— Henry Ashton, Esq., a merchant in the Wand, being plaintiff, and Alexander Caesar Hawkins, Esq., a first- lieutenant in tine Royal Artillery, being d fendant. The assault on Mr. Ashton arose out of a previous assault committed by Mr. Hawkidi on a Mr. Crawford, described as " quite a little lad—no match for Mr. Hawkins, at any rate." Phis assault was committed in a ball-room, at the house of Mr. Crompton. Later in the evening, as Mr. Hawkins was expressing his regret at what had happened to some of the party, Mr. Ashton said his conduct had been very ungentlemanly ; on which Mr. Hawkins struck him. Mr. Letang, for the defen dant, stated that Mr. Ashton would not accept an apology without exacting more from his client than, as an officer, he could admit. The Chief Justice, in his charge, said that plaintiff had done right to come before a jury rather than have recourse to duelling. The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff—Damages, 100/. 1 itoN MASTERS' QUARTERLY MEETINGS.—DUDLEY, SATURDAY --The last of the usual quarterly meetings of the ironnusters of South Saffordsli , re and Shro!ishire was held this evening. The attendance at he hotel was nunieroos. The prices adopted at Birmingham were " holstered up;" but, as at the previous meetings of the week, there was an inclination fur " a drop," • On Wednesday next, being the first &ay of Pill Term, the Lord Chancellor will receive chi,judgeL," Queen's Counsel at breakfast, at his house in George-street. CURRENTS OF THE OCEAN.—" TAO bottle contal oi 'ni this paper was thrown from her Br;,tannic Majesol • Erebus, eight P. 4th April, 1842, in lat. 53 59 sow°, f lung. GO 47 west. Whoever may fiud it, is requested Ott ward the paper to the Secretary of the Admiralty, l'fr with the date, together with a notice of the longitude %here found. James Ross, captain. Trrr,or,, is L pally." [The foregoing paper was picked up at LAT s trap, on this coast, about the middle of September les"' parently only a few days on the beach. The figu res words marked by us in italics were in darker ink than t document itself, and must have been filled in by the aliP c i , (whose signature is appended), a few minutes be for_ mitting it to the ocean. The writing appears as fry just written.—ED. Port Philip Herad.] latituu. TAWELL'S CONFESSION.—At a ` meeting of tne Magistrates in quarter sessions, last week, a re s° moved by Dr. Lee, was carried by six to three real calling on the chaplain, the Rev. Mr. Cox, to giv e ,! 2 dooument handed him by Tawell just before his exe.io Mr. Cox. who was in court just before the vote v i en, b h 8 said, " He had made up his mind from the first vff 0/: 110 eart hly power shall extort from him that wh ich .1 muted to his custody, let the consequences be NO . might. Ido not hesitate to say , that sta ndin g up a cl 3, with a fellow creature on the brink of eternity, being t•Applicated by him, I consented to hold, as P and confidential, that which was committed tcp me. ' give that promk4e." awn Ant LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 14, 1846. Since the commencement of the great European peace of the present century, a vast progression has been mad' in the development of the p o pu lar intellect, a greatei pr,,aression probably than many may imagine. And, k king at the beneficent consequences which have al- ready supervened upon the wars which previously deso lated nearly all the civilised nations of this hemisphere, we cannot but regard that anterior outburst as a kind I con vulsive prel ude to a state of tranquillity peculiarly hurrsanising. With those momentous wars, the last vestige of feudalism were dispelled from most of the continental _kingdoms ; a moral thunder -storm cleansed the atmo sphere—the political and social atmrsphere -- of thosf p v incip!es which had out lived many f orme r revolution of like tendency, though of lesser effout ect, a ffo nd ardec mankind an opportunity of working their own ad vancement. That opportunity has not been lost, as far at least as sevetal of the principalities of Europe are concerned. And if the labour of regeneration is still any thing but completed, that circumstance is attributable rather to the immensity of the field which had to be traversed, than to any appreciable indolence on the part of society itself. Small, however, as the accomplishment is, in comparison with what has yet to be accomplished. the people have made prodigious strides in the way of their improvement. This cannot be denied. The mil lions of our English countrymen are of themselves a sufficient demonstration of the fact. Forty, thirty -may, less than thirty years ago, religious intolerance was tl-e prevailing characteristic of the bu'k of our population ; that intolerance has been scattered to the winds—its doom was sealed with the passing of Ca -