The Sun. — London, England, 1823-10-10 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS. DAILY Extract, from the Morning Popers, October 10. (*to aN ma exam cm) The surrender of Cadiz was confidently an uounced yesterday' on 'Change, but though the arrival of the King at Port St. Mary's will in all probability lead to this result, thwannouncement would appear to be premature. The number of the Courier Francois containinfr a translation of the document which appeared in The Chrohiele of tho '.2tl October, along with the letter of the Dake d'Angottleme and Ferdinand's answer, namely, the " Extract of a Letter known to con tain 'the sentiments of the Spanish Government, and the Leailers of the popular cause," has been seized. Niter so many measures of the French Government of 4 similar character, we ought not perhaps to be surprised, that the Bourbon Government should be mean enough to wish to su ppresii the statements of the Government with which they are at war. The Constitutionnel contains a curious article on the issue of the late negotiations between Russia, Turkey, and Per sist: That Persia has been a puppet in the hands e Russia, in making war and pence, without any hitensible reason for either, will be easily believ ed by all who have paid any attention to the af fairs of the East. The motive, however, for the sudden change in the policy of Russia affords room for some speculation. We have always said that the independence of the Greeks was the very last thing that Russia wished for, and that consequently nothing could be more painful to her than their successes. If the Turks had succeeded in bring, itig them again under the yoke, the scenes which took place in the Morea when Russia formerly stimulated them to rise, and which took place lately in Scio, would have been renewed, and this would have afforded a pretext for Russian interference, which it would have been difficult for any third Power to resist. Fortune however has, on the contrary, declared in favour of the Greeks, to an extent which very few anticipated; and the object of Russia can only now be answered by setting the hands of the 'I rks at liberty: 7 4ms- Isla is too well acquainted with her own weakness to attempt to invade Turkey, except untleoifitty favourable circumstances, such as the entaiiO. mint of England in a war affording full occiifia tion to her. Probably it was expected that England would be involved in the Spanish Con test. We hope Russia will he diSappointed in her views with , respect to the Greeks, and that this interesting people will succeed in establish. ing their independence. We know that they will be contented with nothing short of complete independence. From A Gentlemon in whom WP have the ut most confitlence,iust arrived from Commie., which Ito left on the ',Nth September, w e have received the following information respecting' 'the state of things in that part of Spain ' , "rhostf inlatgland who suppose that the Constitutional System is at an, end,. In consequence of the occupation by the enemy agorae principal towns in Spain, are mistaken; on the contrary, the 'politic spirit is only far a time laid, and the mask having been thrown from those who were before only sus peered, will benefit' rather than injure the oanstittitionalParty, vrho are only waiting the arrival of that opportunity that is so . mtielt desired, and which they feel assured of, to act with double rigour against the oppresiors of their' ,liberty. • ""Merillo's entrance Into Corunna on the capitulation was shogither the mosi'lattgliable thing possible; he was of course ptioared to receive all that expression of joy (whether real or feigned), that is an often marked iit that country, but no! not oieeingle Viva ! Not even the crowd running after him, or at least his 'pant ; no one seemed to know: that the Captain- General of Galicia had entered 4 but people talked as quietly on tketnetter - snit a drove. of cattle had come hjorillo came in this morning with a guard of cavalry--Y quanta tiempo sequcdara aqui ! And how long will he stay here P An illu mination was ordered at night, but the people said even the candles in the Ithia010) Seim - 14 in grief. So many persons have been dismissed from impleyment, even against the articles of capitulation, that the Captain-General has now two enemies fat one he had before. General liourk, eon - intending the French (althaugh'ari enernY), was held in moth deserved' estimation, and the French troops altogether were much more respected than those eliuntiiikis who accounienied Morino.. General Mark left Commie' some time back for Madrid; and hisitic miser, 1444*NT-of:twit - a Tisois, Is of the same amiable dispo. titian. Mast SPeniants regret that they 'should have such enemies ; these Men conquer more by their affability than by the bayonet. . _ " Much diseord is said., and our informant believes .with ,great truth, to exist between 'General and the French. The latter were deceived by him on their entrance into Galicia, he haatitig atated he had 0,000 men under his coMmand, and could settle every *ilia' by Merely being supported by the French ; , . wharsaa, whim they entered, the reverse proved to be the case; Way bad hot only to engage every obstacle, but had a. respect ahlahody of Men fire the security of this rest Capt. General' s personal satiety, as well as to keep his own troops from desert ing, taut. '''• • • ''• - • " At this moment things are beginning to wear a more serious sod formidablo: aspect to the Royalists. Sentimtnits are more Ailed than they have. bee* for a long time. The French are aware el the critical peNition in which they stand, and the murmurs of the Officers 4r' , l - not lbw, Were it net for the French garrison. iYltrtsiie wounds uot, escape with his life,, and as At is, he never goeif dirt, except' attended by a good escort: Ills character is the'sommen reprehension , of all parties; even the Royalists de spite lihm and riotte but his favoured - menials support Wm.—, The French. seem aihatned to acknowledge him as an allied General : and - Fats: eamicit offend French. Officers more th an b y asking them any thing about Oen. liforillo ; their reply irnine. distAi Is, ( with dinernible we know nothing about Mtn, :The reports Trbiti the interior speak of the raising ruerinis gueriliat, and from the number of French troops that hai:ST marched) frOnt Corunna,- - soenething serious, for them is going ' • • • "A great talk has lately been relied on with much con& &nee; that a Warbeiwein England ataFrance IS likely to take ' This gains ground by, the enemy's strengthening' 'titer fortificatiOs'ne'sr the Sea': on the last days of SePtemberthey haviheen hard at wank in that. quarter, and several ploces'of artilieVy have been asiriedlthidier. Ilia- corps -of arttilembelonging to Conine& have been marched act for the direction of Lugo. " Colonel Light, who is not yet recovered of his wounds, although considerably better, was assured by General Bourk he might remain as ion as he pleased, anti then embark for England—(which indeed he, General Bourk, recom mended him to a 6, as soon as he was sufficiently will)-- went to the Baths at Artiexo, eight miles from this, and re ceived great benefit. On his return, he wait meditating his em barkation for England, on board an English brig now in the harbour, bound for Gibraltar, when an Alcade, and two others, visited him, between nine and ten at night, demanding his right for remaining in the tiOuntiy, with some insolent remarks, which led to a reply, that he would himself go the next day for a Carta de Seguridcul from the Governor, and that in case he should feel hiniaelf not able to go such a distanie, he would write to the English Consul, to request as a favour he would procure it for him: A false and abominable representation was • made of this ; the consequence of which was, a complaint from General Manila, made in the most violent tams (as Gen. Tisois said) to the French General, that Colonel Light had been seen holding secret conferences with the Constitu tional Party, and that he bad abused the whole Spanish Autho rities, declaring he held himself under the protection of the British Consul; thathe was also creating a revolt in the town, and looked on it as a rallying point for disturbance. So far from this being true, Colonel L. has been known to declare that he had no right whatever to demand protection from the British Government, and that his only safety was the articles of capi tulation. He, however, met the French General by appoint. ment, and stated the fact of his never having seen any body except a few English in the town, and the only Spaniard who visited him was, his Surgeon ; he further offered to meet any one, or. all of his accusers and confront them ; but the result has proved rather unpleasant to him, for General Tisios, who behaved with the most humane kindness to him, offered to take him under his protection from the vengeance of MorrilloOM condition lie would sign his parol of not quitting the town on attempting to escape; so that he is now become a prisoner of war at the very momemt he anticipated his release, on the faith of the Commander-in-Chief of. the French forces in Galicia. There Is a Strict order given. at all the gates to prevent Colanel Light's escape on board any of the English ships in the harbour; this was not necessary after he had 'given his word to the French tieneral. The desire of being released from the authority of the Spanish General'Morillo made him pass his word willingly to the French. " The dread that Morino is in for his safety in' Corunna, is reported by some of the mast respectable people, as the reason of the harsh treatment Colonel Light meets with ; as all think his remaining gives a greater stimulus to the Constitutional party. What must a.man's feelings be, when he is so much afraid of 'one individual, who has nothing in his power to do harm, independent of his wounded state ?"—(fbid.) reto[tsiNG POST.] As far as the King of Spain and the Royal Fa. mily are concerned, the Dispatch of the Duke of Angotrleme is clear and decisive. It again con. tradicts his last, but it does 80 by stating a fact which appears liable to no further contradiction Ferdinand, and whet is still more important, his Family, have repaired to the French Head-quar ters : they have given themselves up to the in vaders and ravagers of their country ; and they have exchanged the constitutional checks which limited their authority, for the chains of a foreign influence which reign with them on the throne, And whilst it permits them to be despots, r~ ill make them skives. All doubt respect ing their situation is therefore at nit cod : but no light is thrown 'on the mode in which so great a change has been accomplished, If we take the author of the last three dispatches for our guide, We shall find ourselves in the condi tion of the blind led by the blind. On .the 28th of September he lens us, without any allu sion to the proposal or discussion of terms, that he expected King Ferdinand at Port St. Mary's.. On the 29th, he informs us that the negociations, of which he had not given us cause to suspect the existence, were broken off, and that hostilities would recommence on the 30th at break of day. The 30th passes over in mysterious silence, and on the Ist of October the threatened hostilities of the day before are not even men tioned, and we are apprised that the King of Spain and his family have come to Port St. Mary's.— One word more in each dispatch would have prevented the confusion which he thus created ; but perhaps too great perspicuity was purposely avoided, and either the Duke or the Govern ment omitted to state what would have shewn that they were treating with " Rebels " con trary to their previous declarations, and thus re. cognized the. CerteA i es a regular authority. Any attempt to fill up': the brief outline which they have given us—to connect its brohen parts, and to. reduce We whole to harmony, may appear adventurous,' but is not impracticable. Once in possession of the general result, the difficulty of ascending to its source decreases, and though conjecture he still the ground which we have' to trend, it assumes a degree of consistency which facilitates our progress. We will therefore Ven ture to suppose that if the Duke of Angouleme or the French Government had been frank and' ex plicit, instead 'of the contradictory statements which have been communicated, we should have been told—" That a proposition had . l been made by the Cortes to allow the Kiug of sspain to re pair to Port St. Mary's, as a proof that he en joyed his freedom ; but that an answer had been returned, demanding that his family should ac company him, as he could not be considered a free agent if he left behind any hostages who might he made answerable for any disobedience on his part to the orders of the Cortes." [BRITISH PRES.I Conjecture is now at an end—Ferdinand and his family are in- Angouleme's camp, and a cause of war, according to the French Manifesto, no longer exists within the ryrenees. The result of the important meeting we are yet unacquaint ed with.- Ferdinand's temper is still to be shewn. Octavios wee gentle until he met with Lepidus and Anteuy, and the lists of pros cription and massacre were then disclosed.— Iles Ferdinand tome to Port St. Mary's as a powerful mediate'', sincere in his intentions, to negociate for the Cortes, and preserve at least a modified Constitution? or wilt he cast his skin at Angoaleme's tfuarters, and proclaim the Cores to be traitors and rebels ? No cause of quarrel now really' remains ; for the Spanish Kingitas not ccirne alone ; he is attended' by his family. The leettes now hold Cadiz merely - as a guarantee for Ittheir individual safety.. Will Ferdinand yield to the counsels of those around him, and call on them to surrender at his voice, or take the fate of trai- 1 tors ? or will Angouletne risk a doubtful attack on the isla and city, for no just assignable cause against men reckless of their lives and desperate from despair ? Our own opinion is, that Cadiz will be called on to surrender in Ferdinand's name. The questiOn is, should it refuse to open its gates, will Adgouleme risk the waste of lives an attack must cost ? The policy of liberating Ferdinand and his family is very doubtful, r unless the Cortes were reduced to the last extremity.— With' any means of defence, they should have held the tyrant and his family, to, abide their fortunes-- r to survive or fall with them in an assault. Hitherto the brand of traitors could not be affixed to them. The " King's name" was the warrant for all their acts. That is now with drawn ; and the Cortes, pent in a corner of An dalusia, and destitute of those resources they ought to have assured, will, we fear, he pressed on all sides, and proclaimed as desperate rebels, unless, with open gates, they see the Constitution of Spain trampled in the dust. The next ac counts will be loOked for with intense interest. " Between the acting of a dreadful thing," and its final consequence, all is anxiety and agitation. Expectation will be at its height to know Fer dinand's bearing on this memorable Scene, which will decide his character tor ever. The fate of Spain can only be influenced for a very few years. The seeds of liberty in that fine country have been too thickly setiti,, to , be stifled by a 'league of selfish tyrants. [MORNING it Ett e .4D.] The war in Spain may now be considered as all but terminated. Last night we received, by express, an account from Paris, stating that King Ferdinand and his family had arrived at Port St. Mary on the Ist of this month. This news was conveyed to Paris by a telegraphic dis patch. It is now clear that negociatious had been carried on between the Duke d'An. goulerne and the Authorities at Cadiz ; and 'that, although his Royal Highness, in his 'communication of the 20th, had declared those negoclations to be broken off, they Must have been removed at the moment when the grand at. tack was about to comMence,'and have led to that arrangement which was folloWed by the mediate liberation of the Royal Personages at Cadiz. We believe that the chief object of the French Government was to conquer and silence the Revolutionists in the easiest manner they could ; and that they preferred the use of gold to that .of iron. There is reason, therefore, to suppose that the MeMbers of the Cortex have secured for themselves something more, substantial than the bare „safety Of their per sons. This is the only Inference . we tan now draw from the intelligence that has just been communicated to us. In all probability the Chief*" of the Revolution will be suffered to depart with the e ityrnent they may have received ; and. Ivo' should not be surprised were we to see the whole. pr greater part 'of them in this country in a very short time ; or, perhaps, they may prefer an erni... gratlon to.,the United states of A weriCa. It Is not unlikely but that this is the last revolu tion which will occur in Europe for a long time to come. The system of Monarchy seems for the resent to have obtained the mastery of that Which is . called the Representative System. Whether in Europe it will for any great length of time remain predominant, no one can foresee, t is not, however, improbale but that it may. We think it very likely that there is a secret understandin , among all the . European crowned Heads, inclu ding. ' England, to uphOld the Mo. narchical system, as well us the Church and its appurtenances, againSt those who want to dip the wings of the one, as far as power ig coo certted, and to strip the other of the revenues it enjoyed for so many centuries. It appears rather singular that Europe, notwithstanding the progress that has been made during the last 200 years in Arts, Science, Literature, and whot, has been generally called enlightened intellect, should he following a fate similar to that which has be en witnessed in Asia and Africa—namely, losing gradually die representative sy.4tem of Govern ment, to that of a Monarchical nature simply. LNIAV TINtEs.3 Every friend of humanity m u s t re j o i ce at, an event which promises to put a stop to the , need. less effusion of blood. Cadiz, we ratty now cep fide„fly h ope , will be spared the horrors of an assault : and the liberation of the King will be the signal of peace to the country. It is very tnaterial to observe, that the dispatch expressly states the arrival not only of the King, but afro o r the Royal' Family at Port St. :tart'. This puts an end to all the speculations of our Cotetripo: raries on the supposed, scheme of the Cortes to send out the Xing as their negeciator, retaining the other branches of the Royal Family as hos tages for his return if_unsoccessful in his mission. What were the events which ithmediately preced ed his Majesty's restoration to liberty, we cannot yet clearly ascertain. It Is'cortain that Cadiz and the Isle of Leon had been for several days inn state of great fermentation. The Iniment of St. Mar- Oaf had declared against the Cortes, but had lwen overpowered and disarmed by the Militia. 'EI IO first experimental bombardment by the French shipping had spread terror and alarm through. Cadiz ; and many of the wealthier inhabitants contrived to esrape to the French lines. This was on the 23d ult. On the 25th alt Aide-de- Camp of General V t a i l y t i l ‘ e n s go c t az ie w l:e it f l o r s. r et, flag of ' truce, but. the Dnke d to see him. On the 27th, his Royal ilighness moved his heart-quarters to Chiclaua to he nearer to the intended point of attack, which attack wee fixed for the 20th. A French Journal however states, that on the 27th the cilisatisfaction in Cadiz arose to its height, the Cortes field a meet ing, and agreed to dissolve themselves,, leaving the King entirely free to do ns he IliCed. This event Was notified. on the 28th to the auke d'Atigotilerne, with a promise on the part of Fer dinand that lie would come 0 the Veektilletul rtlitoraorstefrosr w t i h t e ho a u tt t a t e l k e l a o y f . the o ,2 l o c t e h rt t r y s e a r e t he sppreetpahr)da: —That day however,' passed over without ,Irringing the King ; and, in consequence, the Duke decla re d that hostilities 'should re-com i!'; 'mence on the SOth. The occurrences of the 29th and 30th are still involved in obscurity,— If we were to venture on any conjecture re specting them, we should say it was probable That the Militia in the Ise of Leon, who were among the most frantic of the Revolutionary faction, hastened back into the town, and in spite of the dissolution of the Cortes, pre. vented the King by force from going out of the gates.`Whether the French actually at tacked on ' the 30th, or merely put themselves in motion rot that purpose, we know not : pro bably the latter ; for the appearance of a force without ready to make the ussatilt, while there was so much confusion and disorganisation within the walls, may have been enough to dispose the stoutest Revolutionist to yield. Be this as it may, the obstacle, whatever it was, on the 26th, to the King's liberation, was wholly removed on ' the Ist, and the captivity which he has endured' ever since the 7th of July, 1822, - was at length terminated. (THE TIMES.) The South of Ireland begins again to furnish a I fearful catalogue of offences, varying somewhat in matters of detail and incident, but in general character wholly, we lament to say, unmitigated. The law, and property, and their respective mi nisters, are, as they have long been, the objects, of popular vengeance. In the county of Limerick a horse of a Mr. Enright was cruelly toughed a few days ago ; and a notice posted in the neighbourhood, threatening that gentleman with the loss of his tife if he did not throw up the situation of agent to Mr. Pawson. A nume. rows, banditti assembled on the . 24 instant in the same county, in open day, tut down several acres of unripe oats, dug pp a quantity of potatoes, and returned the clay following to draw them away, laughing ,at the bailiff or " care-taker" who was in possession of the lands, and abusing a gentleman who came to remonstrate with them. This outrage, equally daring and ma lignant, was committed upon a 'properV to which a receiver under the Court otchancery had been appointed, and on which, by his orders, a distress ha 4 beet, levied. It signifies littie that some of the.ruffians were seized by the military in the act of carrying , off the spoil, od that hundreds of their :associates, collected, for the same purpose, were dispersed. The spirit is indigenuous among. them, and- the materials of such proceedings arc spread as widely through out that wretched land, as are poverty, barba rism, and hatred of real or supposed oppres sion. At Claninaurice, in the county of Kerry,l the house of , one Harnett, a retired soldier, was broken open by a gang of villains, who, besides plundering the poor man's ,habitation, brutally struck his wife. A herdsman in the county of Tipperary, returning from a fair, where - he had disposed of some of his master's cattle, was, ' within half a mile of Clonmel, way-laid, wound ed, and only saved from death by the fortunate appearance, of a neighbour. At the same time the annum are not inactive,' however they may be unattended by visible results. The police of the county of Limerick have apprehended five men near Itathkeale, charged with the , rnurder of the post-boy in that neighbourhood some months ago. Three men were convicted at the Sessions there of insurrectionary practices, and tientenced to transportation. Ten others were likewise found guilty of a daring outrage on Mr. Nunan ; and a fellow who had the audacity to appear for the purpose of proving an alibi in their favour, was himself identified as the ring leader of their crimes, and left to stand his trial. The law is unquestionably as strong in Ireland as the votes of Parliament can renderit. It is strong in every quality but that which constitutes the real force of codes and of governments—the good will of those among whom they are designed to act. Towards acquiring this grand auxiliary to, legislation, it seems clear that we have yet affected nothing; and society is altogether unhinged where, as in Ireland, the bulk of the people persuade themselves that more is to be gained by the risk of liftC,and by theplonder of property . , than by supporting the authorities which have been esta blished for the protection and security of both. A stranger, who has never witnessed the are rival of a welkfished whaler, has a treat to come . g begin to circulate, th an sw ee th e a r t s a nd w i ve s po n ct u o e f r a th v a e n ss l e l l o in f la tl g i in this description lesNu soonercT riptot being in the insig r b e t: Of all ages, crowd to the piers or the South Lod, for the purposeof welcoming home a lover or a hitshand. Interviews between the patties ate such as 44 ptain unsophisticated nature" dictate*, the squeeze, the kiSli l / 2 and the "what cheer, mate ?" No etiquette pervades the deck ,of a whaler ; anti' though the odours prodeeding front below are something differeut from the " perfumes of Araby," yet there is a since rity of DlTection depicted in the countenances of those who meet there, that, amply compe l ). sates for the want or it. An absence of six mouths affords sufficient space for the occurrence eg,new. .01vouts, and therefore the joy manifett ed by.the strangers and their friends, when they once again see'each other in health, is by no truninS surprising, Soinetintek it unfortunately happens. (and what state or tank is exempt from visciesitudes ?) that the dalcineas of the enamour. ell seamen play them false in the interval which occurs between leaving port and making, it again ; but this is of every day's occurrence in high life, and. therefore does not, nor should it, prevent the mariner from softening his boisterous nature by, the allApovverful influence of "sweet woman," --(Holt Packet.) On the morning of Sunday last, two girls, the one six, anti the' ether three years of age, went out from their fether's house at Bonnymill„ and having staid too long,,their parents became alarmed for their. safety. Upon going,. out Search of them, •they discovered that both }tad fallen into a dam, Which it is supposed they bait endeavoured t o (.1 , 0, 4 ,1 1 m eans of a rotten plank. When taken out, theusual means of resuscitation were employed, hut without effect ; for the vital spark in both had become extinct. It was truly painful to bear the screams of the mother when he saw the hopeless state of her tltildr— (Stirling Pap er .) eu. PROVINCIAL JOURNALS. ',From the Du n Correspondent.] THE REFORMATION,--141/L COBBETT, Sze. PART Vl.] saving s we hope, fairly and satisfactorily an swered the brief and summary remark of our Correspondent Crito, respecting his . alledged superiority of the Jesuits in lite rature—we now proceed to notice the claim which another Cor respondent, under the signature of Rienzi, makes for the Ro ;Man Catholics to a peculiar love of civil liberty. The illustration _ , , of the assertion is-rather limited, as our Correspondent doei not go beyond the conduct of the Roman Catholic Cantons of SWit.: xerland. We know that there are.enlightened individual of: the Roman Catholic persuasion, whose minds are as free and ge-, nitrous, and their spirit as bold and patriotic as any other; and who, if driven to the necessity of asserting their intellectual li berty, would not scruple to do so ; hut we cannot say as much of the great mass of the people of . their persuasion, who, from • 'infancy ; being . taught to obey, and not to - reason ; to re ceive submissively .what they, were instructed .in aothOritit their; arid Who consider the Priest above the Magistrate, do not understand that moral freedotn,,, au ardent love of which; is' characteristic df their Protestant countrymen. As men arc Often known „to mistake their passion for courage, so there are those who .mistake an habitual refractoriness for a love. of liberty: and:who think, because they are discontented, they tire therefore patriots, and the only great and honest :souls, iii. the nation. We Rave seen many of those' noble spirits sink very low, even at 'their own appraisement, in the market of political traffic. Our Correspondent in confounding those things, may have fallen into some perplexity—and though we would willingly agree with him in sentiment, yet reason and truth forbid it, especially as he has founded his observations upon a very inconclusive example. , What we are obliged to call Catholicism, for the want of a word sufficiently significant of the ruling principle of theßoman Catholic religion as it ope rates upon society, is not the same every where. It is to be found rn modified conditions in many places, according as• the state of society existed in various particular countries, upon the early establishment of Christianity, and according to the course of events which followed. At Rome, refined , and voluptuous, and where shOwi and ceremonies were fa miliar to the people under their Pagan Government, the first preachers of the goSpet found it politic to Compromise somewhat with the ancient manners and customs : and' meek and humble as the apostolical missionaries of Christ's religion were,- they - did not hastani its final interest in the world, .by an obstinate prohibition of any of those grand ceremonies being retained . in public worship, which, perhaps, the people Bever could have been , brought to, ,relinquish. The Catholicism of Roine Was therefore one thing - , that which obtained a footing in Saxony, and also in• the:Swiss mountains quite another. Mountaineers are nature's republicans—free . and fierce, And acknowledging but a smaM portion of the artificial restraints which the interest of more citiliiedlife impose; and it is hardly correct to apply to the influence of their creed, the , moral consequences of their situtlf tion. In the small Cantons of Underwald, Schwitz, and Uri, Catholicism had not dictated so mu c h t h e mora l resu lts, as tisk ainned particular forms; which suited the manners and the moun. ! utneer republicanistn of the inhabitants—and such Catholicistiw by its religious spectacles and festivals, contributed to occupy a portion of that vacuity' which the indolence of pastoral i life naturally. tends to create. The individuals, whose ictittnige and zeal entitle them to be considered as' the fcnindere Of Helvetic liberty, resided in those Cantons ; and thasat brave and hardy spirits, who were endeared to their posterity, rind honoured in the recollections of succeeding generations, as well as the events which their valour and example had so no le a share 'in- effhtting, had an inseparable association with their Catholicism, its, worship, and its ceremonies. There • were nip cities'for triumphal arches, or other 'splendid monu ments of Swiss fidelity and bravery.' The artado not seleet.moun.' tiin villages for their abode, but the populous scenes of wealth,, splendour; and ambition: There was , no Commemorative' ‘piles raised in .Switzerland, to record the events that were so much. below ed ; rind it was the little Chapel; the humble house of de. notion, where the simple councils which led to S w i ss freeclonr, were feld; and which wai - doubly consecrated in the Switiet'a i e yeyt by liberty as well, a s religion, that constituted the monial of the struggle of his fathers, and of their final triumph. , The abuses of the ;MotherChurch were scarcely known amour people of primeval simplicity and purity—they were too poor to. gratify the ancient exactions of the Popes; and their Pricstl., who were natives and , partook of the manners of their country though'notas learned or as ambitious as those of the ad- . jacent States, were more useful as Pastors, : and retained so ninth of the . laicaT'cliiiracter, as' to have a share in the con -- Cents of life, and. their 'portiOn .in the administration of, the: temporal concerns of their little States. William Tell la the :immortal' . champion, of Swiss liberty—and the Chapel, of the . hero could never be divorced from the inveterate. affection' of 'the mountaineers, with whom - a national' Mil/ ticism had mixed the worship of liberty with that of roll-, gion. Soleure, Fribourg, and Lucerne were also; as well as the cantons alluded tOi:retained,in,adliesion to the Ohnrch of: Rome—principally by , the influence of Spain, the Pope, and Austria; and,, by • the prevalence of those. antipathies, which Outlived various sanguinary conflicts, the offspring of raiion t; civil wars, Protracted; ivith Intervening suipensiOnwirl:!! the eighteenth century. E ng l an d an d F rance supEarfC,ti,t.L'! Protestant Cantons— an d su ch are the inveterate etfeetti duced by the virulence and antipathy, of religious civil IYarrY't all the Roman Citholic C antons were t h e most ran 1 their animosity to the -French on t h e , l a te Iniquitous 4 invasion of Switzerland by their troops, on account of the an T, elm good underitandhig between.- , the Protestant Cantons and France. In the Protestant Cantons, with their liberty, aro tet; belfotind also, the sciences, Merit:tire, good manners, nictistri , and cleimliness: Switzerland lost , all her foreign in flue ° °e i remit - the dissentiOnS niaintained among her people, b the bigottodintrigneti of Spain and Austria, as wall as the ttate. But the Protestant: Cantons acquired in tnernanves onsiderable advantage by the schism--the Protestants, which the infamous and perfidious tevocation of the edicts of.Nan!e drove to seek'reetige among 'them, cur'ri'ed with 'theft thei rl r perty and industry, visistor s ; whi c h seldom locik for an hey um Where Protestantism is not ascendant. It was from the Canton Of Berne, where French was, freely spoken and written, that the tpirieof the Refontattinn passed Into France, and penetiated into every part of that, so it did not finally este blish itself CothttrY faeciurahle to it as France then was, May be easily ,sc r oolutted for, It is not; however,. out prestat • Intsmess to take up the subject ; all we proposed was, to clear apthe observation of our CUrresPondent, and, as fir is truth 4ind history may avail,: to reduce its generality into a very limited and most qualified assertion—a task, which we pie lumowe have fairly fulfiled. , • Tat WESTMINSTER II kWK.—There is to be seen on Westminster Abbey every day a noble hawk, which is known by the neighbouring in habitants to h*ve resided there above thirty years, where he reigns despotic monarch. HiiV territories are shunned by all the feathered rtice; , and if by chancel a pigeon or other bird alights there, he pounces upeit it, and tears it to pieces. He seldom roams any distance thence, except when compelled by hunger, which as Oen as l P Satisfies he returns. His favourite station on Or Abbey is inureediately over the ducky where tl° is almost sure to be seen daily. The neighbout i relate several Stories concerning him too abeivi t to be related, wlich we leave to the curious; it* inquire into. lIIRTIIS. At Liam de Grace, on the 28th u lt., the Lady of WiMP I Davidson, Ls' of a son. sty On Monday, the filth instant, Mrs. Roby, of 31ansion-N 1 St. Mary's Cray, Kent, of a daughter. On the Bth instant. the Lady of J. E. Ill'Arthor, Netiion's-terrace, Kennington, of a Con. MARRIED. • b - 14 it. On Tuesday, the 7th instant, at I‘ambetli,Churchi Jones, to 'Starts, second daughter of thelate John ro Esti.,Ordnanee-storeltiepe r . (0, DIED s s . von t. Suddenly, at the house of hiister-in-law, in Bo" street; St. 141aryieboae, Joseph Kidd, Esq., o f Shackle aged Ra. On Ni'ednesday morning, the Bth i nstan t, a t nilte,o'c l(4 " Mrs. Coombes, of Sloane..street, in the 700 year of hir_S al a. On Monday, the fah instant, at the Vicarage, be iti. perks, the - 7th year of his age after a short but O n / 1 1;A bets, Thomas, the second aon of the Key- Joll n " 11 'Vim or that Parish. and Publiahed rot the Pnoratvrong, ai d* Omer, 112, Strand, by J. B. CARSTAIIii. 4