The Sun. — London, England, 1846-12-19 00:00:00

MRS. TROLLOPE'S NEW WORK. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., ATHER EUST ACE. A TALE OF TIIE JESUITS. By Mrs. TROLLOPE. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now rosdy, in 3 vols., post Svo.. THE ROMANCE OF WAR; Or, THE HIGHLANDERS IN SPAIN. By JAMES GRANT, Esq., late 62d Regiment. " Captain Grant is no novice in the use of the pen more than he is in the use of the sword. Since the days of ' The Subaltern,' in Blackwood's Magazine, that first and best effort of Mr. Gleig, there has appeared no such admirable book on the same subject as , The Romance of War,' by the present writer."—Observer. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 11, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, and may be had of all Booksellers, in small 4t0., with numerous Illustrations from Original Paintings 21s. ANECDOTES OF DOGS. By EDWARD JESSE,_ Esq , Author of " Gleanings in Natural History," Ste. " A luxurious arm-chair book, in which we may read to our heart's content of the most active, affectionate, and generous of creaturea."—Daily News. Richard Ilenthly, New Burlington-street. To be had of all Booksellers. ILLUATRATED TALE IN "THE MIRROR," trice Ist On January 1, 1847, Chapters 1., 11., 111., and IV., of TII E AI ISE R'S WILL; Or, LOVE AND AVARICE. An English Tale. By PERCY B. ST. JOIN. The Mirror will continue to be Edited by Mr. St. John, assisted by several eminent writers, and will be Illustrated in the first style of art by Hine, Archer, and Wahnsley. Now ready, Vol. 1., new series, price ss. Gd. It. thirst, 27, King William street, Strand. RAILWAY SHARES BY PUBLIC SALE. MESSRS. LAWN () and Co., RAILWAY SHARE AUCTIONEERS, beg to thank their Friends and the Public for their continued support antd patronage, and to announce that their Public Sales of Railway Shares, &c. take place every TtEiDAY 5111,1 FILIDAY, at One o'clock, at the Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, London, to which place, favours, containing instructions (with a reference), arc respectfully requested to be addressed. _ _ All Scrip and Shate — Certiflcates must be deposited, the day Previous to their being offered ; and advices of results will be forwarded by the first post after the sale, and the proceeds 'Rime ilately disposed of according to instructions. Offices, Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street.London. TiIEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE THIS EVENING Will be performed a new Opera. entitled THE BONDMAN. Marquis de Vernon, Mr. Weiss ; Floreville, Mr. Rafter ; Morliere, Mr. Homcastle ; La Valliere, lir. Gain ; Ardentord, Harrison ; Mal-a-Propos, Mr. Harley ; Madame Corinne, Miss Romer; Grisette, bliss Pebeeca Isaacs ; Frivole, Mrs. Hughes. After the Opera, will be presented a new grand Ballet, called TILE WAGS OF WAPPING (performed at the Acsdemie Royale' Paris, under the title of " Betty.") In which will appear Mdlles. Sophie Fuoce, Louise, Benart, Mademe Giubilei ; MM. Huguet, Adrien, Paul, Tell ; Messrs. llowell , Priorson, THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Under the Management of Mr. B. iVebster, sole Lessee. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new and original Drama, called THE ROUND OF WRONG. Sir Arthur Foljambe, Mr. Stuart ; Lichen, Mr. Rogers ; Reuben Gwynne, Mr. Webster ; Ducks, Mr. Buck stone; Harwood. Mr. Howe; Lady Char!otte Willoughby, Mrs. Cliff , rd ; Mary Ryland, Miss Fortescue ; Jenny, Miss Woulds. Atter which, an entirely new Comic Dranaa, entitled STORY TELLING ; or, Novel Effects. Dr. Hardenherg, • Mr. W. Farrell ; Frederick Vandervclt, Mr. Caulfield ; Raps, Mr. Buckstone; Grab, Mr. Rogers; Theresa, Miss felbin ; Rose, Mrs. Humby. During the evening the Band will perform the Overture, " Cheval de Bronze ;" " The Armen" (Polka); " Czarina" (Mazourka) ; " Douro " (Walzer); and a New Overture. To to followed by the Farce of MY WIFE'S MOTHER. Prin cipal characters by Messrs. W. Farrell, 8011, Brindal ; Mrs. Glover, and Miss Julia Bennett. To conclude with the Farce, called SPRING GARDENS. Lord Courtington, Mr. 801 l ; Sir Arthur Love!, Mr. Howe ; S.:oreup, Mr. Buckstone ; Lady Clarissa, Mrs. Buckingham ; Mrs. Scoreup, Miss Julia Bennett. THEATRE ROYAL, LYCEUM. Under the Management of Mrs. Keeley. On MON DAY, December 21, . _ Will be performed a Drama, founded on the New Christmas Annual of Charles Dickens, Esq., and adapted to the stage (by tiy exclusive permission of the author, from the proof sheets) by Albe.t Smith, Esq., called THE BATTLE OF LIFE. Principal cha racters by Messrs. Leigh Murray (his first appearance here), Turner, F. Matthews, F. Vining, Meadows, liec!ey ; Mrs. IVooßidge, Miss Daly, Miss May (her first api carance here), Miss Grove, Miss Fester, and Mrs. Keeley. After which, the laughable Farce of MRS. WIIITF.. Characters by Mr. Turner, Mr. Oxberry (his first appearance in this company), Mr. 11. Butler ; Miss Aden, Miss Villars, and Mrs. Wigan. To conclude with the successful Comedy of TO PARENTS AND GUARDIANS. 11l EAT E ROYAL, A DF,L Pill. UNDER TLII IititECTWN t)l , MADAME CELESTE. Tilts EVENINO Will be performed a grand Fairy Spectacle, founded on the Ballet of LA GISELLE, entitled THE PII.kN ['OM D.INCERS; or, the Wills Bride. Principal characters by Mr. 11 - right, Mr. P. Redford. Mr. 0. Smith, Mr. C•dicnr,rd. MadAtn, Celeste, Ai iss Marian Taylor, Miss Ennna Ilardin.f, Miss Ellen Chaplin, nthl Mos. Laws. After which, the Drama of THE ('A BIN ROI". Monsieur Hem!, Mr. )rorrell; Monsieur Vinee:it, Mr. 0. ; Coquin I4ol:4»dier. Mr. liunyard ; Largare,tte, Alt. Redford ; Julien, Madame Celeste; Mrs. Etusley. 'Co conchttle with a Terpsichorean Thirlott a, call I POWDER AND BALL; or, St. Tais's Eve. Principal characters by Messrs. Lam bert, Worrell, Wright, 31tuty:.rti, Mrs. Matthew, Miss Woolgar, anti 31is Brooks. PRINCESS'S TiIEATI:E, OXFORD-STREET. J. M. Maddox, sole Lessee and Manager. THIS EVENING Will be performed a new and original Musical Romance, entitled THE SEVEN MAIDS OF MUNI ; or, The Ghost's 'rower. Col. Bertrand, Mr. C. Fisher ; Capt. crArmincourt, Mr. Allen ; Capt. Bellejamlo, Mr. l eftler ; Li, iit. Adolphe, Mr. Wynn; Cornet Grostlos, Mr. Compton ; Itaron Bristle , ach, Mr. Walton ; Bumps, Mr. Horner; Seven Maids of Mindeb, Misses Sara Flower, Rourke, E. Homier, Mucks, Millar, L. Marshall, Laporte ; Uriel, Miss Marshall ; Madame Groutz, Mrs. Foshroke. After which an entirely new C4mile Drama, entitled THE TWO RA NBOWS. To conclude with Coiman's Comedy or THE lIEIR AT LAW. Principal characters by Mesqr4. Granby, Vining, Compton, Ryder, 8. Cowell, Fisher, Wynn, T. hill ; 11 ra. Fosbroke, Mrs. Ilughes, and Mrs. FRENCH PLAYS.— ST. J.% MES'S THEATRE. 1,e55:e, Mr. John Mitchell. THIS EVENING Will be performed Scribe's favonrite Van entitled LES . GRISETTES. In which MM. Touriilon, David, Lucien, bola ; Madame Deltic, Mdlle,. Vallee, Ellin. Pascal, Fourptet, Leyder, and Cordely will appear. After which will he prodtwed the celobrated Comedy, entitled BERTRAND ET RATON ; ott, L'Art de Conspirer. Le Ccmte Bertrand de Eantzan, M. Perla. The other characters by Mdllcs. Brohan, Vallee, Madame Grassatt ; MM. Langeval, Pascal, Felix, Cartigny, Rhozevil, Pa,,enier, Dorgebret, and Masquillfer. Boxes, Gs.; lit, 3s. thl. ; Stalls, 35.; Gallery, 2s. Doors opened at half-past Seven, and the performances commence at Eight. ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS, ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Re-appearance of the celebrated Ethiopian Serenaders, Pell, Harrington, White, Stanwood, and Germon, who, will have the honour of repeating their inimitable Entertainment at the above theatre THIS EVENING, December 19. and of continuing the same every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evening, during the Christmas holidays. The programme will include " Old Joe," " Lucy Neal," " The Coloured Fancy Ball." "My skiff is on the shore," and the cele brated ltalroad Overture. Various novelties are In rehearsal. The public is respectfully cautioned that the Songs and Melodies, as sang by the above party, are published only at Mr. Mitchell's. Doors open at eight, commence at half-past. Boxes, 45.; Pit, 2s. ; Amphitheatre, 25.—Private Boxes, Stalls, and Places may be engaged at Michell's Library, 33, Old Bond-street, and at the Box-office of the Theatre.—Open from 11 till 5. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. Patronised by her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, Prince Albert, and Royal Family. Splendid Equestrian and Dramatic Novelties. Continued success of " The Demon Horse and the Twelve Wishes." The celebrated Dutch Bottle Equilibrist, &c. THIS EVENING Will be performed a grand new Magical Equestrian Romance, en titled THE DEMON HORSE ; or, The Twelve Wishes and the Charmed Bit. In which Mrs. Batty and the Equestrian Ladies will appear on their trained steeds. New and entire change in the SCENES of the CIRCLE. To conclude with the popular romantic Drama of ROB ROY MACGREGOR ; or, The Mountain Outlaw. In active preparation, a variety of novelties for the Christmas holidays ; among the rest, will be brought forward a Grand Comic Equestrian Pantomime, produced en a lavish scale of splendour, entitled THE FORTY THIEVES ; or, Bar equip and the Rob ber's Cave. Box-office open from► eleven till five o'clock.—Doors open at six an I commence at half-past six o'cloclt.—Stage Manager, Mr. W. Broadfoot. THE WEATHER.—Sum OFFICE, DEcr.mnEn 18. TtIERMO3IETER, Lowest, 24; Highest. 37 ; Noon, 29. BAROMETER, 30.24.—W1ND N.E., fine. HIGU WATER. AT LONDON-III:Loom Tlll6 DAY. Morning .. 6 minute; after 2. I Evening .. 23 minutes after 2. litarning 4am, LONDON, SATURDAY, Di CENIBER 19, 1846. SHAKSPERE was right in saying that troubles come not singly, but in battalions. he private ex perience of each individual is illustrating this truth incessantly'. The national experience of all times and of all countries has placed the accuracy of that aphorism beyond a doubt. In the recent accession of misery to Poland we have foreseen a speedy extension of its sufferings. So much temerity in the associated despots of northern Europe was, we felt satis fied, only the prelude to the exhibition of still great temerity from one or other of them in dividually. These anticipations have not been illusory—those fears for the shadow of nationality which has hitherto been preserved to the Poles have not proved chimerical. A still more heinous viola tion_ of international honour, of the code of humanity, of 'the divinest principles enforced by the spirit of the Christian religion, is meditated. It is not only meditated, it is inevitable . The seizure of Cracow is to be followed by a deed more guilty and more damning than any yet perpetrated against that people, which under the banners of SOBIESKI saved Europe from the doom of infidelity, from the decrees of the Koran, from the sword of the Paynim. The annexation of the Cracovian territory is only a prelimi 'nary to the incorporation of the Polish dominions to the empire of Russia! By making the paltry concession of the former, the CZAR has endeavoured to purchase from the Kaiser the o pportunity to extend hi s sway by a lawless occupation. What will be the consequence of this odious corn pact on the part of the Austrian FSIPEROR ? Why, the . consequence will be thi s : —R ussia will, by this incorporation of her Polish dependencies, stretcohf forth her inexorable yoke into the very core continental Europe. That monster system will thereby be placed in a dangerous proximity with the Germanic confederacy. There will be no further barriers between Russian ambition and the less powerful states of A ustria, of Prussia, of Italy, and , of Turkey. The vast plains of what was once Poland will no longer girdle in the territorial avarice of its spoiler. There will be no further check to that ag grandisement for which the Government of St. Peters burgh has so long yearned. After these miserable disclosures, it cannot be matter of astonishment that sentiments of wrath and indignation are roused against the policy of the Em peror NicaoLas in the civilised West. Those who are rejoicing under the blessings insured to them by constitutional monarchy must inevitably experience feelings of justifiable rage at this stupendous deed of spoliation. Apart from all considerations as to the balance of power on the Continent, what can be more at variance with the principles of justice, or with those of civil and . religious liberty ? Here is a country which, from a thousand causes, is incapable of being combined with such a dominion as that of Russia. With a different language, with different customs, with a different character, and with a different religion, it is hopeless for the Cabinet of St. Petersbugh to expect that there can be any cordial co-operation between them. And, be yond this, it is cruel to attempt any junction of a people so diametrically opposed to each other. What, however, are the qualms of a Russian conscience in such an emergency ? They are as incapable of con ception as the gentleness of the Parcae. The con science, indeed, is as disproportionately small in com parison with the selfishness, as was the bread con sumed by FALSTAFF with his allowance of sack. The intense perfidy and lawlessness of the whole transaction is as discreditable to the Czut as it is threatening to the rest of Europe. There are such peculiar dangers to Germany in the approaching in corporation of the Polish dependencies with the Rus sian empire, that it is but natural some change - sh:,uld be already apparent among its different prin cipalities. The hostilities of the continent towards the Government of St. Petersburgh must necessarily extend along the banks of the Mine; for, unless some decisive measures be taken by Central and Western Europe, the avarice of the Autocrat will be diverted from Byzantium to Berlin, from the sea of Azof to the Lake of Geneva. The spoil already accumulated in his possession will only tend to enlarge his appetite, first, for further dependencies, and, ultimately,for their complete incorporation. Cracow fell, and England and France protested against its seizure. Poland is about to be proclaimed an integral portion of Russia in Europe—what will be the nature of the supplementary protests forwarded to St. Petersburgh from London and Paris? Will Prince METTERNIcu allow his SOVEREIGN to be cajoled by the diplomatic tools of Nicuonas ? Will not Germany and the Papal States combine with the more western nations in branding the CZAR as an enemy to the human race, to the preservation of peace, to the advancement of civilisation, to the decrees of man, of religion, and of GOD? Russia has sown the storm—she shall reap the whirlwind. Having in our article of yesterday, shown from Dr. MILLINGEN'S own letter that those assertions in which he declared that there was not one syllable of truth, were confirmed in every particular by himself, we feel that we are entitled to pass over without notice, not only his personal vituperation, but also all his uncorroborated assertions, except so far as that vituperation and those assertions involve admissions against the law, of which Dr. M[LLINGEN has put himo , :f forward as the champion. We, therefore, pass over without notice his imputation of ignorance, but we cannot pass over his assertion that Lord DEN MAN uttered nothing of the kind imputed to him. , Had this affair been a matter of " physic or farces," in the compounding', of both of which Dr. iNfinusGus is, we admit, equally skilful, we might, perhaps, have been content to defer to his authority ; but it is an affair of short-hand writing, and Dr. MILI.INGEN must excuse us if we prefer accepting the report of Lord DENmaN's judgment, furnished to us by " skilful persons" in the art of stenography, which report was transcribed by those " skilful per sons" from their notes, written a few hours after that judgment was delivered, to Dr. MILLINGEN'S month-- t old reminiscences. It is true that the Act of the Bth I and 9th VICTORIA enacts, as stated by Dr. Millis ! GEN, " that no physician, surgeon, or apothecary, who, or whose father, brother, son, or partner, is wholly or partly proprietor of, or a regular profes sional attendant in, a licensed house, &c., shall sign any certificate for the reception of a patient, &c.; that any medical man infringing this clause will be guilty of misdemeanour ;" but it is equally true that the same Act requires, in as express and explicit terms, that the person certifying should state, upon the face of his certificate, the facts that led him to the con clusion that the person was insane. Now, Lord DENMAN has decided that a certificate which does not set forth the facts which led the cer tifier to the conclusion that the person was insane, is sufficient to justify the detention of any alleged lunatic. Nay, more—that it is monstrous to suppose that a " skilful person " should set forth those facts, although expressly directed to do so by the Act of Par liament; and,*as Lord D.ENMAN declares that the pro visions of the Act need not be strictly abided by in one instance, why need they be abided by in any ? The principle of Lord DENMAN'S " luminous judgment " goes fully to this extent—Do we deny the validity of the law as thus laid down by the Court of Queen's Bench ? On the con trary, we admit that it is the law, we accept it as such; but, so accepting it, we say that the law is a bad law, and requires alteration. Proceed we now to the next section of Dr. MILLINGEN'S letter, in which he speaks of medical certificates, and of the impossibility under which a " skilful person" labours of specifying minutely the nature of the delusions under which a supposed lunatic suffers. He says— " Such a statement is not required, for, in most in stances, when a medical man is called upon to visit a supposed lunatic, he is an utter stranger to the party, and can only form his opinion from the incoherence of his conversation, when his actions are not violent; or from the account of the patient he receives from the parties who have called him in." We admit fully the exposition of the law of certificates as laid down by Dr. M IL . LINGEN, and we are obliged to him for the important admissions, which he has made. Dr. MILLINGEN is one of our most useful allies in the war which we have been long wageing against this iniquitous law of lunacy, for he here admits that the law authorises the detention of any person as a supposed lunatic upon the certificate of a medical man, " who is an utter stranger to the party, and can only form his opinion from the incoherence of his conversation, when his actions are not violent, or from the account he receives from the parties who hal e called him in." Who is safe as long as such a state of the law continues ? Who shall say that the medical man himself is not the person incoherent in conversation, and the patient the coherent person . ? But even incoherency in conversation is not requisite ; for, if the medical man receives a certain account from the parties who have called him in, he is authorised in granting his certificate. Such is the law. How does it work ? There is a certain person possessed of large property about to make a will dis inheriting his heirs. Those heirs call in a medical man, bribe a medical man or men (for be it remembered Mr. FLETCHER, the will forger, was a medical man, and these certificates can be purchased in the market; therefore it will not do to set up the immaculateness of the medical profession) ; these heirs bribe two medical men to certify that this person is a lunatic and upon that certificate he is transferred to a lunatic asylum. He applies for a writ of habeas. It is use less; the certificate is sufficient; it need not set forth, according to the decision of Lord DENMAN, the grounds upon which the "skilful persons" formed their opinion. Nay, it is not even necessary, ac cording to Dr. MILLINGEN'S gloss upon Lord DEN MAN'S law, that the patient should have exhibited even any incoherence in conversation—" a certain account from the parties who have called him in (the bribers) to the medical man (the bribed) is sufficient to authorise him in granting his certificate. Be it remembered this is not the assertion of "one utterly ignorant of the subject." It is the exposition of a "skilful person," of Dr. MILLINGEN, of the state of the law, as laid down by Lord DENMAN, of the state of the law as it exists at present. It is the ex position, not of the opponent, but of the champion and defender of the law. We are content to rest our case against the law upon this statement of Dr. MIL, LINGEN, and we ask whether it is constitutional, whether it is just, whether it is moral, whether it is right, whether it is safe, that the law should be permitted to continue in its present state ? The Doctor then goes on to state that these certificates are examined by the Commis sioners, and that certain books are required to be kept by the proprietors of lunatic asylums. There is little use in keeping these books if the public are denied access to them ; and as to the inspection by the Commissioners, we repeat what we before have frequently said, that such inspection is necessarily a "mockery ;" that, from the paucity of their num bers in comparison with the duties they have to perform, it is physically impossible they can minutely inquire into every individual case of lunacy which comes under their notice; that they constitute a secret tribunal, and, therefore, that their proceedings are open to suspicion, aad that when their proceedings have be come known to the public, as in the Hay dock Lodge case, they have not been of such a nature as to lessen the suspicion which necessarily attaches to all secret proceedings. It is more than probable that the conduct of the Commissioners of Lunacy will ere long become the subject of Parlia mentary inquiry, and, such being the case, we pur posely abstain from making any further observations on their conduct. In the case of Mrs. SIJUTTLE WORTU, as in that of Mrs. CUMMING, we take no in terest except in so far as it illustrates the defects of the law of lunacy. We cannot but re mark, however, that Dr. MILLINGEN speaks of her as " Mrs. ItrionEs, an unfortunate lady in a state of imbecility of mind, who had assumed the name of SHUTTLEWORTH: This is a curious fact. Throughout the whole pro ceedings it struck us as most remarkable that this case should be fought on both sides by strangers. The minister of the parish, a stranger to the lady, considers it his duty to have her removed to a "com fortable asylum." Does this charitable minister cause every person whom he finds in his parish " in a state of utter destitution, in rags, covered, with ulcers and vermin, and without the common neces saries and comforts of life," to be removed to a comfortable asylum ? If he does, then is he a pat tern of a minister, and ere long the parish workhouse of St. Peter's, Pimlico, will be to be let. Is this as sumption of the name of SIIUTTLEWORTII one of the delusions (not set forth in the cer tificate) under which this unhappy lady labours ? Is this delusion the cause of her being at the present moment an inmate of York House, Battersea ? Who pays Dr. MILLINGEN for her board and maintenance ? These are questions that naturally suggest themselves cn reading this passage in Dr. MILLINGEN's letter. Dr. MILLINGEN then puts the following question : " Now, Sir, do you think that the judges of the Court of Queen's Bench would have been justified if, on an al leged inaccuracy in the medical certificates, they had discharged this poor creature, and replunged her in her former melancholy, destitute state, because, forsooth, an Old Bailey quibbler sought to prove that a conversation was not a fact?" For an answer to this question we will refer Dr. MILLINGEN to one of the most upright men, one of the most accomplished lawyers, one of the most learned judges that ever graced the English Bench—one to whose transcendant merits Lord DENMAN himself has not unfrequently borne most willing witness—one whose opinion is of such high authority, that every judge in Westminster Hall, when he differs from it, feels it his duty to state that, in consequence of such difference, he has deemed it necessary to carefully reconsider the grounds upon which such differing opinion was formed, and to express his regret at the existence of such difference, —we refer him' to Mr. Justice PATTESON, who, in giving judgment in the Bail Court in this very case, said, "My own opinion is that the certificates are not valid," and this is the opinion which Dr. MILLINGEN, with the characteristic modesty of " skilful persons," deems it decent to stigmatise as an "Old Bailey quibbler." Dr. 111ILLINGEN proceeds to say that this application was not made at the request of, or by the authority of, the patient ! Would any keeper of a lunatic asylum permit a lawyer to have access to any of his patients to receive instructions to sue out a writ of habeas This case of Mrs. SUUTTLEWORTH, like every other case, demonstrates the necessity of an alteration of the law. "The writ of habeas was ap plied fur on the affidavit of Dr. QUAIL, a "skilful person," who alleged that the patient was not insane. It was resisted on the affidavits of other " skilful persons," who alleged that she was insane. Here, as in the case of Mrs. CUMMING, we have opinion against opinion, and unless the grounds upon which the opinion is founded are set forth, it is impossible to come at the truth. These cases, coupled with Dr. MILLINGEN'S admissions, make it more and more evident that it is absolutely necessary, to the proper security of the liberty of the subject, that no keeper of a lunatic asylum should be authorised to keep any of the QUEEN'S subjects under restraint, except by a warrant of some public officer, who shall have pre viously instituted a public and open inquiry into the question of the sanity or insanity of the alleged lunatic, at which inquiry the alleged lunatic should be present, and should have the power, either by himself, or by his legal representative, to cross-examine via/ voce the "skilful persons" who testify to his lunacy as to the grounds on which they had founded their opinion, and for this purpose, we repeat, no tribunal can be found 'so efficient and at the same time so inexpensive, as the coroner's court. We trust the time is not far distant when the law of the land will prohibit the detention of any person as a lunatic, except upon the warrant of the coroner, founded upon the verdict of a jury empannelled to try an inquest of lunacy. We, on Thursday, proved that there was nothing very formidable in the amount of the sums that may become chargef.ble upon real estates in Ireland by reason of the public works now in progress of con struction, or which the relief of the existing distress in that country may render necessary. Assuming that the future expenditure will amount to three times that which Las already taken place ; that two millions of persons must be provided for, and supplied with the necessaries of life for fifteen weeks from the present time, which will bring us to the beginning of April— before which time works of a reproductive character, sanctioned and aided by the Government, will, we doubt not, be in full operation—the charge therefor win amount to less than threepence-halfpenny in the pound on the rental for a period of ten years, less than half the income-tax payable in this country, no matter from what source that income is derived. It must not be supposed that these works will be value- less, or without advantage to the people; undertakings of a similar description have ever been found pro. ductive of the greatest benefit to all classes brought within the sphere of their operation. The report of the Devon Commission, published last year, sp ea k s i n th e _ _ highest terms of the utility of such works, and of their great importance in a national point of view. It quotes the opinions of the Commissioners of Public 'Works, and states their entire concurrence with the sentiments there put forward, that " the execution of such works lcals to the adoption of improved modes of cultivation and the abandonment of the rude and primitive implements in common use, and opens to the officers of justice and the local authorities places which had been the secure haunt and.the impenetrable refuge of the outlaw and the robber;" and that " they conceive that the advantage of affording aid to the promotion of such works, in a statistical, moral, or political point of view, are too obvious to make it ne cessary to dwell on the subject at greater length." And the Land Commissioners, in reference thereto, say, "that they hope that such opinions, now again stated by a board which must have the best means of knowing both the wants and the capabilities of the country, will have much weight with the Legislature, and that there will be a disposition to promote, by liberal pecuniary aid, the execution of such public works as shall, upon due examination, be found likely to contribute to the general advantage of the country. We refer particularly to the opening of ex tensive mountain districts by the formation of roads;" and add, " that they believe the principles of sound policy and of a wise economy ought to lead to the undertaking, at the public cost, of works of this nature, even although the inhabitants of the district, or the proprietors of adjoining land, are unable or un willing to contribute." We have extracted thus largely from this able docunr,ent, because it must be obvious that the opinions of a number of gentleman of zeal and intelligence, whose especial duty it was to institute the strictest investigation into everything calculated to encourage the cultivation of the soil, and to extend a better system of agriculture, promulgated, too, at a period -If-, , 4. • ' 4. C. 1) • '----:- ) a l 4 4 41 ... " 1 : 48 .., L 4 .• , ~,.., - -." , A. , :t1 i -cliy_Jo it - c;,;. A ~, -, , ',- ..--witz:% - ?%,r jri i , •—‘: 41.11; '. ;--yi-:'--' 1.- - ':-.7 . ; , :' " ''; ':: - . s 'EA" - THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 19, 1846 when there was no such extraordinary necessity for the means of providing occupation for a starving peasantry, as has unhappily recently been the case, must be far more valuable than any suggestion now offered for the first time. It is true that many projects have been wildly and recklessly put forward, and sanctioned, without due inquiry or fair con sideration being given thereto, and that, in too many cases, the special sessions violated the trust and betrayed the confidence reposed in them by Parlia ment, and passed every presentment brought before them, en muse. But, happily, the fiat of the Board of Works was necessary before any of these works could be carried into execution ; and, severely as they have been censured, and strongly as they have been reprobated, the time will come when the cordial thanks of the public will be rendered to that body for their extraordinary labours, their able and efficient exertions, during the present emergency—indeed, they have already received the approbation of the more reasonable and intelligent portion of the community, of those who do not suppose that a Government or a public body can work miracles, and exceed the doings of ordinary mortals. We are satisfied that such works only as would be of public benefit would be sanctioned by such a body, and we are also satisfied that they will be cheaply purchased by an average rate of threepence-halfpenny in the pound for ten years, and that it will hereafter be said (in the words of the Select Committee on the state by h of th e t poorese public in Ir e ‘so la Ireland), ) " That the effe c t s pro duced r , k s appear to have been extended cultivation, improved habits of industry, a better administration of justice, the re-establish ment of peace and tranquillity in disturb e d di s t r i c t s , a domesic colonization of a population in excess in cer tain districts, a dimunition of illicit distillation, and a very considerable increase to the revenue." The circular, of the 4th instant, that has just been issued by the Board of 'Yorks to the county en gineers and surveyors, has confirmed the opinion that had long been formed by every one acquainted with the state of Ireland, viz , that the employment of the destitute on roads, and other public works, must soon terminate, and reproductive works be substituted for them. The allowance that we have made of their continuance for a period of fifteen weeks, and the daily employment of four hundred thou sand labourers thereon, is, in all human probability, much greater than there was any necessity for, but our object was to show how totally groundless was the panic that had arisen on this subject; and we, therefore, made our calculations at the very highest rate that could be required, to satisfy the public how trifling the burdens that will fall upon the land by reason of the public works that have already been commenced or may be re quired. Every writer on Ireland has spoken of the extra ordinary capabilities of that 'country, its great natural advantages, the fertility of its soil and climate, and dep'ored. the imperfect cultivation and inadequate produce of its lands under tillage. They have mar velled at the fituity of the landowners, who, with such an extraordinary quantity of labour at their disposal, which could be obtained at the most moderate price, have refused to expend anything in bringing the lands into good order and condition. To use the words of the Land Commissioners once more—" No person acquainted with Ireland, or who takes the trouble of referring to the evidence collected by us (the Com missioners), can doubt the importance of encouraging agricultural improvement throughout the country." This improvement, so desirable in every respect, will now he effected; the want that has so long been deplored will be supplied. Labour must be 'ex pended on the lands, the necessary capital will be laid out, and an ample return obtained far exceeding the expenditure. From this cause therefore there will be no reasonable grounds of panic for those possessed of charges affecting real property in Ireland ; on the contrary, it should be looked on as increasing greatly the stability of the securities, and giving them increased confidence. We trust that we have established our proposition, " that estates in Ireland are as good security as they have ever been for the several sums advanced upon them, and that the tem porary indulgence which the creditor may be re quired to afford is a far less inconvenience than he would sustain by throwing the property of his debtor into Chancery, and thereby ruining the owner and seriously injuring himself." Severe laws defeat their makers. Unless the pu nishment decreed to attach to the offender against the law be justly proportioned to the offence, juries will refuse to convict, and thereby frequently allow the guilty to escape. Juries may be told over and over again, not only by the counsel for the prosecution, but likewise by the judges, that they have only to decide upon the fact, aye or nay ; still, if they are aware that their finding a verdict of guilty will bring upon the prisoner a heavier sentence than that with which the offence charged ought, in their opinion, to he visited, they will, in very many instances, acquit him though the evidence adduced be ever so conclusive as to his guilt. When capital punishment was affixed to the crimes of forgery.and rape, juries constantly refused to convict. Nothing could be more danger ous than such a state of things. Criminals escap ing with impunity rendered crime more prolific, and the law, rendered impotent, was brought into contempt. Public opinion forced itself to he re spected. The Legislature was compelled to mitigate and mould legal punishments so as to have them in better keeping with the feelings of a just, benevolent, and enlightened people. The con sequence h as been, that serious crimes, which formerly increased, because juries would not convict where sentence of death was to follow, have considerably diminished, by reason of the prompt, certain, and juster punishments which are now sure to overtake those who dare to eommit them. This result, too, is not to be detracted from, because the number of trials for forgery, rape, &c., may appear to have been greater in some years than it was before capital punishments, in these re spects, was done away with; for, it m us t b e b orne in mind that, under the improved state of the law, par ties are more willing to prosecute, as well as juries to convict ; and, therefore, it may very well be, that particular crimes have diminished, though, upon first consideration, the calendars at the anises and the verdicts of the juries, might not seem to • tl eus y a contrary conclusion. And yet, though much has un doubtedly been done towards rendering our criminal code more acceptable to us as a civilised community, its present deformities, incongruities, and deficiencies demand immediate and extensive reformation. When we punish, we punish upon no principle of uniformity. The most disproportionate sentences are frequently passed upon similar offences. Oftentimes a comparatively trivial breach of the law draws after it a very severe sentence, and vice versti ; can. sequently, persons who traffic in crime, regard it as a species of lottery. The law is so uncertain they reason, that they may get off just as lightly for com mitting a serious crime ae for another of not so grave a character. Besides, we have done literally nothing towards reforming the character of the prisoner. We incarcerate and punish him, and then we turn him adrift upon the world, wounded in his feelin gs , and expect e him where, to gain an naturally, the respectable p or ti on o f society are at enmity with honest livelihood i n a him. All around hi m he perceives he is an object of distrust and suspicion. He is chilled back to his old haunts and companions, and, from very despair, re news his fcrmer vicious courses till he is again en thralled in the iron clutches of the law. The cruelty of this system—that of neglecting the moral culture of those who have deservedly for a time forfeited their liberty, and „of not providing some industrial ordeal, by which, whilst they are in prison, good habits may be acquired, and a good certificate of character handed over to the prisoner when he is about to regain his liberty, and mingle 'once more with the world,—the cruelty of our system, and of these our acts of omission, tells upon no class so severely as upon juvenile delinquents. Such is at length felt to be the harshness and folly of our proceeding, that public sympathy is b e i ng rouse d i n favour of the un fortunate beings of tender age who have been un warily seduced into temptation. On Wednesday evening the Society for Promoting the Amendment of the Law held a . epecial meeting at their offices in Regent-street, for considering the sul ject of juvenile offenders. Mr. M. D. HILL male an interesting speech, and showed that in various dis- ;ricts the ref ,, rm - ltion t-rwitli bld been :n many ways, and at a far less cost than that _ _ , entaikA upon the country by the pro3ecutions which must ensue, if the youthful criminals were not early reclaimed. What occurred only last week before Mr. Sergeant ADAMS, at the Middlesex Sessions? A little boy, only seven years old, not three feet ten inches in height, was convicted by a jury of picking a lady's pocket of half-a-crown. The chill had evi • dently been instigated to the act by two older boys, who were watching his attempt. What was the Learned Judge's opinion of his own position, com bined with our lack of proper provision for juvenile delinquents ? Addressing the jury, Mr. Sergeant ADAMS thus gave vent to his feelings : " What could be done with this little child ? It would be ruination i) send him to a common prison. These scenes were positively heartrending. Was he to pass over the cases of these children as though the fact of their being brought to that bar was to be regarded quite as a matter of course? Was he to change his nature and so to steel his feelings against the claims and helpless condition of so small a creature as that now before the Court? What could be done with this child ?" The Judge ultimately decided upon allowing the child, after an hour's imprisonment, to be handed over to the parents, who, both in the utmost distress, implored to have their little son restored to them. Can any one doubt that Mr. Sergeant ADAMS adopted the most humane as well as, under the circumstances, the wisest course ? On the other hand, can any one doubt that such a course of leniency is apt to be taken advantage of by older thieves, and used by them as a stimulating argument to induce inexperienced children to follow their wicked counsels ? Yet, until our prison dis.• cipline be materially improved, in instances like the one we have alluded to, we repeat the question put by Mr. Sergeant ADAMS, " What can be done ?" A Bologna journal says—" The political prisoners who remained confined at Civita Vecchia, but have had the amnesty extended to them, have jest arrived at Bologna. The people hailed with joy this new proof of the clemency of their SOVEREIGN." The Augsburg Gazette has the following from Con stantinople, dated the 26th ult. :—" The Ottoman Porte has declared to the mediating Powers in the dispute with Persia, that it is very anxious for a termination of the affair, and that if it be not settled within three weeks it will break off the negotiations, as none of the obstacles to a termination of the dis pute have been on the side of the Turkish Govern ment." The Nureinburg Correspondent of the 11th, an nounces, but without quoting its authority, that the partisans of the Count DE MONTEMOLIN are about to publish, in addition to the mari fest°, addressed by the Pretender to the Spanish nation, an address to the Courts of Europe, re. vealing to them the way in which the abdication of Don CARLOS was obtained by the intrigues of the French Government. They intend, it is said, to show that Don CARLOS was induced to abdicate by an assurance that the Cabinet of the Tuileries would bring about a marriage between Queen ISABELLA and the Count DE INIONTE?.iOLIN. The Official Gazette of Vienna publishes a con vention between the Emperors of AUSTRIA and RUSSIA, the object of which is to promote the com merce between the two countries, and fit Their reci procal relations as regards navigation. By this treaty, which is for eight years, and the ratifications for which were exchanged on the 28th ult., the commerce and vessels of the two states in the respec tive ports will be placed on an equal footi:-.g. The President of the States of the Duchies of Schleswig-Holstein held, on the .sth, a sitting with the Deputies who had not withdrawn from the Chamber, and who form the minority of the whole body, for the purpose of adopting the minutes of the sitting of the 4th. On this occasion the royal com mission announced that the sittings of the Chamber would be suspended for ten days in order to give time for him to receive further instructions. It was supposed that his instructions would be accompanied by a decree for the diss'lution of the Chamber. None of the Madrid papers have arrived, but ac counts from Bayonne of the 11 th give the result of several of the Spanish elections. Out of ten elections in the northern provinces, seven have been in favour of the moderate party, and three in favour of Pro gressists. On the Bth the results of six elections in the capital were announced. Two Moderados, M. MoN and the Marquis DE POVAR, and three Pro gressists, MM. MENDIZABAL, SALAMANCA, and SAN MIGUEL, were returned. On the 9th there was to be a second ballot between M. PIDAL and M. DEL SOCORRO. We have received the Paris papers of Wednesday. The National has a characteristic article on the subject of the recal of the French Consul at the Mau ritius. The National admits that it is possible M. BARBET may have misconducted himself, but claims for him, in his quality of Frenchman, the right of insulting a foreigner with impunity, without giving to the foreigner any.satisfaction, and declares that, because the disavowal of the impertinence of M. BAR BET is asked for, that is sufficient to jus tify his Government in upholding him. "To consent to the recal of M. BARBET," says the National, "on the order of England, would be to commit an act of meanness, and something worse. At bottom, the person of our Consul interests us but little. But the question is not about him at present ; he is the diplomatic agent of France ; he represents her on a foreign land, and it is in that quality that he has a right to the protection of his Government. The Minister who named him will blame him if he has been in the wrong ; but it is enough that it is wished to impose on us his disavowal, to cause us to maintain firmly his situation against every one." This article in the National is certainly a most laughable and exaggerated exhibition of the national failing—vanity. The Journal des Dads, in the course of a long article on the subject of the incorporation of Cracow, thus replies to the allegation of the Northern Powers, that such incorporation had become necessary as a measure of police : " While representing the destruction of Cracow as an affair of police, the German press raises a question which somewhat alarms it. Since Cracow, it says, is punished for having conspired, why was it not punished at the moment when the conspiracy WE'S discovered? Since there was a conspiracy, and a judicial inquiry to dis cover the conspirators, why did nut the northern Courts wait till the end of the investigation, and the publication of the proofs, to punish at one and the same time the delinquents and the city which encouraged them! The incorporation came either too late or too soon. Too late if a war measure, too soon if a judicial sentence, because the trial was not finished. This ques tion, put by the German press, is so silly, that it ruins its own argument, founded on the law of police. The incorporation of Cracow can never be considered as an exercise of a police law ; it is a political matter, testi fied by the division of Europe into two camps, watching each other's movements—the three Northern Powers on one sidc, and France and England on the other side. There has been a misunderstanding in the camp, of which the other party took an immediate advantage. This it is that has made the affair of Cracow significant in the policy of Europe." The constitutionncl has a long art!cle sneering at, rather than controverting, the arguments of the free traders. The writer, " Willing to wound, but yet afraid to strike, Just hints a fault, and hesitates dislike." Marshal BUGEAL'D has been carrying matters with somewhat too high a hand in Algiers. He has been interfering with the freedom of religious worship i n the colony, and has, in consequence, drawn upon himself the censure of the Government. The Presse says— ,. w e have recently spoken of a serious dispute be tween Marshal Bugeaud and the Protestant Consistory of Algiers. It may be remembered that the Governor- General, joining the spiritual pontificate to his numerous military and administrative attributions, believed he could, of his private authotity, suspend the Consistory, and maintain over the Protestant churches the domina tion which was looked on with suspicion by the Con sistory. The Government has thought fit to take notice of this abase of power, and has just sent to Algiers the pastor Cuvier, to examine the facts which we have just stated. Whatever may be the result of this mission, it is evident it implies a blame on Marshal Bugeaud's conduct." 1 he King and Queen of the BELGIANS arrived at the Tuileries on Tuesday. PARIS BOURSE, WEDNISDAY.—The market continues firm. The Threes opened at 81f. 30c., and after some variations, during which they fur a moment touched 81f. We., they closed at the opening price. After the B.9_rse they were done at 81f. 35c. - Nothing was don • Spanish. For Account Fives have risen 20c. ; Threw', 5,.. •, Belgian Fives have risen 4. The other Foreign Funds are unvaried. For Cash, Fives have fallen 25c.; Threes are unchanged. This was the day for declaring the reponse des primes for the half-monthly meeting of Railway Shares. The primes were in all cases taken up. The continua tions, though -higher than for some settlements past, were Ptin ri= with the c....x , 'ptier! St, (;2rmain, were .it ;JUO. ; ;;1. Lo It. Rouen If. 75c. to lf. 50c.; and Avignon from lf. 25c. to lf. 50c. ; they were all bel9w If, For Account, St. Germain, Avignon, Havre, and Vierzon have risen sf. each ; Rouen 3f. 75c. ; Orleans, Versailles (Right Bank), Strasburg, Northern, and Bordeaux, 2f. 50c. each; Boulogne, lf. 25c. Nantes, Lyons, and Versailles (Left Bank) 'are unaltered. For Cash, Rouen have risen 10f.; Northern 7f. 50c. ; Ver sailles (Left Bank) 3t. 75c.; Bordeaux, Strasburg, and Nantes 2f. 50c. each ; Lyons are unvaricd ; Orleans have Men 2f. 50c. _ BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DECEMBER 17. Demerara, 37i—Northern of France Constituted, 10 3 A —Orleans and Vierzon, 13 1 —Orleans and Bordeaux, 8A — Paris and Lyons Constituted, 5 1 / 4 ex int.—Paris and Stras.. burg Constituted, -14. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. (From The Sun of last Night.) The Liverpool Cotton market was quieter yesterday. Sales 5,000 bales, of which 1,500 were on speculation. Prices were a shade worse. We fear that when it be comes known that the Bank of England have not ad vanced their charge for discounts, the fever of specu lation may again recur. Shares rather improved at Liverpool. At the sale of Railway Shares, to-day, at Messrs. Lamond and Co.'s, a good business was done. The fol lowing are a few of the principal sales : Waterford, Wexford, and Va1entin......... 3 9 London and Manchester (Remington's).. 0 9 0 Yorkshire and Glasgow Union Leicester and Bedford South-Eastern and Dover, No. 4 South Yorkshire, Doncaster, and Goole '2 5 6 Eastern Counties, York Extension 3 10 0 Newport and Abergavenny 0 17 6 East Indian Derby, Stafford, and Worcestershirc,New 0 12 (3 Northern and Southern Connecting Vale of Neath 1 9 0 Northern Counties Union ........ 1 3 6 Taw Vale Extension and Dock .. North British, Halves ... l5 16 0 North British, New Thirds Liverp. Manch. and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 2 6 0 Great Western of Bengal 0 5 0 Belfast and County Down Cork and Waterford We are glad to learn from Canada that there had been two Commissioners appointed under the Act of June last, for a loan not exceeding 100,0001., to the suf ferers by the Quebec fires, for rebuilding ; but it was understood that no debentures would be issued until some preliminary steps had been taken. The only advantage to the sufferers should the money be raised, will be getting it at three per cent. upon giving good security for the repayment. Three thousand a year, will be the utmost of the bonus to Quebec•, should the whole or the 100,0001. be issued. Some, persons, seem, however, to have imagined, seeing the remissness of Government, on several occasions, that repayment would not be exacted. The demands on the public chest for debt, interest, and current expenditures, will, however, no longer permit of former indulgences. Tl,e arrivals in the river are extremely limited, on ac count of the weather, and supplies of fruit and other articles in great request at this season are consequently kept out. 'The circumstance of the Bank of England not having ad vatic( d its terms for the discount of bills, has given much satisfaction in the City, and there is an expectation that we that! go quietly over Christmas, and enter upon the New Year with something like the confidence and bustle of legitimate trading opsrations. The public securities have been to-day very steady, and are a shade higher. Consols realising 934, for the account. Bank Stock is quiet at 206. The New Three and .a-Quarter per Cents. are 954 to 96, and the Three per Cents. 94 to 941. Exchequer-bills have been quoted 10s. to 13s. premium. Long Annuities are 9-1 to 9 fifteen-sixteenths. In the Foreign House there has been no particular movement and the speculative Stocks have been quite neglected. Spanish Passives are 51. The Five per Cents. Portuguese have been marked 821. Mexican Stock has realized 23, 7 ,-, being a shade under the previous rates. Brazil Stock has bean quoted 86. Russian Bonds have been at 1111, and Dutch Two and-a-Half per Cents. at 601. Shares are rather better to day. Birminghnm and Oxford Junction have ris-n to 10 and . oi; Caledonian t 9 281 and 29; Brighton to 581 and 59; North Stx.frord to 8A- 1; Shrewsbury and Birmingham to 58 t; Northern of France to 104 and 11; and Paris and Lyons to sil l ex int:rest ; East Lancashire are cx. new. CLOSI G EWES. 206 ONE PRICES OF BRITISH FUNDS. O'CLOCK. Bank littck 3 per Cent. Reduced Anus 94 1 4 94 94 New 31% per Cent. Annuities....., 96 963% 95v /4 i.ong Annuities toexpire Jan.lB6o 9 15-16 7 1 i 9'3 R Ditto 30 years, Oct. 10, 1859 9 11-16 9 11-16 Consols for Opening 9 3%N 93% Exchequer 13111 s, 10001. 1 1 4 d.... 13 10 p 10 p Ditto, 5001 Ditto, Small ONE CLOSING I RICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK PRICES Brazilian Bonds Mexican, 5 per Cent. 1846 — 231 / 2 Ditto, Account . 2376 23% Portuguese 5 per Cents. Ditto, 4 per Cent — Ditto, Account — Russian Bonds .... 111% Spanish 5 per Cent. 1840. . Ditto, Passive . S V2 5% Dividends on the above payable in London. Dutch, 2% per Cent . Ditto, Account 60% Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates 92%1A 92 3 4 PRICES OF BUSINESS DONE CLOSING RIILWAY SHARES PAID' AT ONE O'CLOCK. PRICES. I Aberdeen Amber., Nott., Boston, and Eastern Junction 2%..... Armagh, Coleraine, and Portrush l% -- Belfast & County Down 4:14 — Birmingham and Dudley 41i. ... .. 5% p. . ..... Birmin. and Gleucester..100 Ditto New l7l Birmingham and Ox ford Junction Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire June.... 2% Boston, Stamfd, & Birm. 225. ' Bristol and Exeter 75 Ditto, New Bristol and Gloucester 3O ...... Bristol and Liver. June.. 214 ..... Buckinghamshire Caledonian Ditto Half Shares...... 2 1 / 2 2 4 1 /2 ...... ..... 21% Ditto, Clydesdale Jane 25 Chester and Holyhead... 27 % Chuniet and Blythe Chester and Manchester 425. — Cheltexham and Oxford 2 ...... . ... Clarence lOO Do. Ist Class, 6 per Ct. 10 Do. 2d Class, 5 per Ct. 10 Do. Government Loan, 4 per Cent. Cork and Killarney Cork and Waterford ... 11 /s Cornwall Ditto, Half Shares Direct Lincoln, East Ret ford, and Sheffd. Jvlnc. 2% Direct Northern Direct Norwich Dublin and BelfastJunc. 12% — Dublin, Belfast, and Coleraine Dublin and Galway..... 4 ... Dundalk & Enniskillen 10 Eastern Counties 141. 16s — Ditto New l2l. 165....... Ditto Perpetual, 5 per Cent, No. 1....... 61.135. 4d Ditto ditto. No. 2... 61. 13s. 4d y 8 p... ....... Do., York Extension.. 2 3 l /4 ............... EastDereh'in andNor'ch 1 Eastern Union ............ 35 . .. •........ Ditto, Quarter Shares Bj 4 — .............. Do. xten.(Flarw!,ch) 174 — ......... ..... Ea l , : t o i , , C ai a le m as t a re nd ... L .. l .... .... 1 2 4 1 / 4: .. .. .. .. -7:!‘i . ;..n..Q.w.. ... :173/ x a 5 .. Ditto. New Do., do. (late Preston and Ormskirk ),.. .. Do., do., New Scrip l l4 ..... .. E as t Lincolnshire ... •• 114...... 2 1 ,,1 East & West of England 1%...... _ Edinburgh and Glasgow 50 ...... 75 Ditto Half Shares ... 10 Ditto, Quarter Shares 12 1 / 4 .....• Edinburgh & Northern.. 12% ._ ••• ........ ••• Edinburgh and Perth... 3 — ... Ely and lluntingdon ... 12% .. .. . ..... .. ...... Enniskillen and Sligo ••• *~ Exeter,Yeovil,& Dorset 5 1 4 3 14 Gaslgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle .•• 5 Glasgow, Kilmar.,& Ayr 50 •••••• Ditto, New .. 15 . Do., 1 4 Shares (5 per cent. guar.) ..„ 1212 — Goole, Doncaster, &c. .. 2 Grand Union (Notting and Lynn - •• ...... ..... Great Eastern &Western 2 1 / 4 .....• ....... •••• " Great South. and West (Ireland) Great Munster ••• 2 1 / 4 ...... Great North of Scotland 2 1 / 4 •••••• GreatNorthof England..loo Ditto New 5 Ditto, New . Ditto, New Great Western Ditto .% Shares . SO Ditto 1 / 4. Shares Ditto Fifths Ditto, New ... 2 linciderstield & Manches. 13 ...... Ditto, Extension 3 Hull and Selby- 5O 1)o. Half Shares 25 Ditto 1 4 Shares Ipswich & Bury St. Edm. 11 V, Do., do., and Norwich 2 1 / 4 - Lancaster and Carlisle... 50 Do. New Leeds and Bradierd 3O Leicester and Bedfard... 16s. Leeds, Dewsbury, &c.... 22 1 / 4 Do., Branch (Blue) ... 2% — _ Do. Extension(Green ) 21/2...•• 7 - . . • Leeds and Thirsh l7 i 2...... 14 1 ,, , 2 . Ditto, New 1)o., Prefer., 6 per Ct. 31,4 — ..... Do., Mnchstr &New castle Junction....... 2 1 /0.... 2 1 4 L - )ncion and Blackwall. 161. 13s 4d Do. New Ditto Extension .....• 7 1 - i i,...... London, Brighton, and Scuth Coast Ditto, - -I , iftlis ... ...... 40 ...... Do. Consol. Eighths.. 10 Do. G - .:arant. 5 per ct. 9 London and Greenwich 12115 s 4d 914 Do. Preference ...18/17s 2d :7.4i , -12: , . 77.- . -,..,'. •::. ' l'r e6tti.. London and N. Wtsternloo 194 195... Do.. Quarters 27% 17 1 / 4 (Ns 14% 58% s/ Do., do., New 2 ...... 14%........ Ditto Fifths Do. IA Shares (G. J.) 5 ...... .....144 Do 40/.Shares(L.bl.) 8 - ............... Do. 40/. (M. & B.) ... 40 Do. 10/. (M. & B.) A. 5 Do. 101. (M. & B.) B. 5 Do. 101. (M. & B.) C. 1 London, Oxford, and Cheltenham - ••• ........ 63 .. Load. & S.Western 41/ 6s 10d 63 .............. ...... Do. New Consol. Bths 40 „,,,, Do. New - .. 27 ............... ...t Do. New .... Ditto Tenths .....• .. 5 Ditto Tenths ... ..... 4 Ditto Scrip ....: Ditto ditto .ndon and York 2% — .......... ..... .... Do. Extension 2% - ••• ............ London, Salisbury, and Yeovil ......... ••••• ••• 21 ,4•••••• ............... ---1: Londonderry & Coleraine 15 Londonderry and Ennis killen Lynn and Ely Lynn and Dereham Manchester and Leeds,.. 82 Ditto % Shares Do. Quarters Do. Fifths 5 • •••• ............... ..... Do. Sixteenths ... 614 .— ..... •• ..... 1% P Do. Extension 42s. .... Do. Liverp. and Bury 24 Do. do. Fifths MarEthester,Buxton,and 14 P Matlock 425.....• —p••.• ".. ix Manehest. & Southampt. 2 ...... Iq6 l % 1 / 4 i y,• 4 7: .. ::: 11 . 74 Midland lOO Do. f iftlis Do. New - ........ l'";g Ditto, New ...." Do. Binn., and Derbyloo ...... .............. Mid'and Great Western Irish 15 ...... Newcastle and Berwick 20 - ............... : .. .. ... 34 : 11 Do. North Shields ... 25 Newcastle and Carlisle...loo - •• •- K u ............ ....uiw Newmrket &Chesterfrd 5 . .. Newport& Abergavenny 2 1 / — ............. ".. ..... Newry aad Enniskillen 7 Newry, ..- Warrenpoint, and Roetrevar ..... Norfolk ......... ......... ...100 ....... • ..... --- ...... ..... Ditto Half Shares .. 9 ... .............. , 1 Do. Extension Northern Counties Union 2% — ........ .. 6 North Brut ...•....... 25 Do. Half Shares ll 15 3 / 1 16 ••• ' l 4 Do Quarters Do. Extension .... , Ditto Thirds 1 ...... 37s 4 ...'' .. Northern and Eastern ........ Do. Scrip (issd. 5 dis.) 45 Do. Quarter Shares... 12% l9 ...................... ...... ' Do. New North Staffordshire— ... 5 ...... North Wales . .......... ~, Nortl.eni and Southern ....... Connecting ...... North Western. 2% -- •••••• . Oxford, Worce:A:ff, and ....... Wolverhampton Oxford, Witney, and .. . ...... Cheltenham.. , - ............. Port: mouth Direct 334 — ••" ..... Preston and Wyre - .......... .... Do. 1/ Shares I/2 - .......... Reading, Guildford, and •• Reigate 3/. 123....... dis . ...... • . ......... Richmond - ..... .. ..... .. Royston and Hitchen - ......... ~. ...... Scottish Central Scottish Midland 12% ...... 1414••.. •••• ........ ..... Sheffield & Manchester 100 ...... ••••" .. ...... Do. Quarter Share, , 8 •••• ......... Do. Lincolnshire Junc 1%...... ................ Do. & Great Griiii.:by lO ...... -- •••• ... .... Do. do. Extension 425. •••• --, .... 4,...: .....* ... Shrew:bury and Birm 3 .... • 5 '44. 7 5_„ 1 ' . ...., * .....• Ditto ditto, Class B 1 . 14 ...... 2 -1 / 4 ;13 .... ... Shropshire Union ... .. South Devon... 4O ...... ............ Soutli.StaifordshireJanc. 2% ..... . --- '" .......... South lila,4 , :rn & Dever. 33% .....• --- " . . ..... Do., No. 1 ,. 20 ...... ........... ...... .......... Do., NG. 2. ........ Do., No 3 •• ..... Do., No. 4 - St.Alban's, Hatticld ,an d ...•.••••• Hertford Junction - .............. Staffordsh. & Shropshire 23i...... -- .... .....•••• South Wales ... ... 5 ...... -- .. Swans. & Loughor &Ca •• ••••• •• meron's Stm. Coal. ... 2 ...... ••••• ..... '••"'.•• Taw Vale Extension ... 2 ...... - ", - t i .. ........... Vale of Neath 2 ...... .--im Wakefield, Pontefract. & ••• ......... •• Goole 22% ...... -- .. . ........... Waterford and Kilkenny 11 . •••• ........... ••• Waterford and Limerick 27% ...... -- Waterfd,Wxfrd,Wicklw, ............. and Dublin Wexford, 1v aterford,and Valentia Waveney Valley ... 2 1% ....... . .... --- ....... . ............................. Welsh Midland - ...... West Riding Union ..... 424 West Cornwall .. 2 . ......... .. .. -- . .. ................. .. ... 'Wexford and Carlow •... 3!/,', Wilts, Somerset,& Wey mouth . . York and Newcastle. . Ditto New Do. Preference York and North Midland 50 Ditto %Shares-- ... 25 Do. Selby Do. Extension 2O 38% 39 ......• Ditto, Preference Do. East and West Rid ing Extension FOREIGN RAILWAYS. 19 8~ 1 4 -, ;oi 38 124 Anglo-Belgian... Barbadoes .. 1 ...... -- Belgian Eastern Junetn. 2 1 i .... ' B:miogne and Amiens... 16 Bordeaux & Mediterran. 2 ilordeaux,Toulouse, and ....... Cette(Mackenzie's)... 2 - ................ Do. (Espelete's) ..... 2 .... • -- Calais, Dunkrk, and West ___ ....... ............. o% i 131 Flanders ..... . ......... 2 • •••"'•• Calcutta and Diamond .... Harbour ....... ....... Callao, Lima, and Paci Ec ......... COast 1 .• ••• "' •. ....... ............... Central of Spain ... Ceylon - .............. Demerara ... .. .. ....... 2 1 / 2 ..•••• '''". .... ....... Dendre Valley Direct Bonibay and •• • ' ... •• Madras Dutch Rhenish 6 - .......... .. ...... East Indian ... ... 5 ..... Fampoux & H aze b rou k 4 ..... Great Indian Peninsular ss. Great Western Bengal... ss. •'• ....•... Great Western Canada-. 3'A Italian and Austrian.... 4•-- '• ... ••• ....... Jam&ca S.Mid. Junction 1 Jersey ...... .. ..• , Louvain ala Sambre ... 6 ... . --.•/.-: .. . . ..... ...".. Luxembourg.......... ... 4 Lyons and Avignon Madras Madras, Nellore, and ....... ..• A rcot _. .. ••• ........ .....• Madrid and Valentia.... 2 ... .• ........ •'' """. Mauritius .. ...... los ... ... Namur and Liege - ....... ..••• Nn of France Constituted 5 ...... 11 1 0 34 ..... 14 ...... .• Orleans and Vierzon ... 10 Orleans and Bordeaux... 6 - :....... 1 , 4 IP Over Yssel 413 s 4d Paris &Lyons Constituted 5 .... Paris and Orleans 2O Paris and Rouen ...... .••••, t Paris and Strasbourg ..... 96,/ Constituted 44 Rouen and Ilavre ... . ..•• Sambre and Meuse lO .... . ...04 .............. .., ..... • Strasbourg and Bale ..... St. Laurence & Atlantic rcurs and Nantes Con- _ ...... ~. ' stituted ..- ..... ...... 5 - ..- Tournay, Jurbise, Lan- .-- den, and Hasselt....... 8 ......... _ ...... ...... ... .... Trinidad -- .......... West Flanders ...... .... 6 JOINT STOCK BANKS. ..... Provincial of Ireland ... 25 ... ..• —.. Union of London... lO — _ Union of Australia MINES ... $01( .• '. Real dcl Monte Unregd. 3 1 ,4 •.. ••. ... _ ~.... lIRRATUM.—In yesterday's List, read East Lao Sc , i h 2 3 4 instead of East Lincolnshire. ERD A c _ uuultSE OF EXCHANGE. —(YEhi r ... at 0 Amsterdam .. ....C.F. 12 4y, Gibraltar. •• • ..... ,•,...• 0 Ditto, at sight ...... 12 I% Leghorn •••••• • .• • • ..."' Rotterdam .... ••2 U. 12 5 Genoa ••• • • • ***** ... • • •••;,/ A ntwelp • .. 25 95 Milan .. •••••• • • • • * ..• 4u , ' ilamburgh • • M.B. 13 12 Venice .• ••• • • • ''''''' •• 1 04 Altona.. .. .. .... • ..... Naples ••• • • • ...... • 'bs Paris, 3 days' sight .. • • 25 65 Palermo, per cia• •.. ..., I A Ditto, 3 months.. .. .. 25 90 Lisbon.. •••• • • • • ••,...• IS Marseilles 80urdeaux......... • • 25 95 Rio Janeiro ••" ' • ...• ... - frankfort on Maine 121!,i Bahia .= •••• • • • •... • • .' Petcrsburgh, 311 s .... ~fillt Berlin •••• .. .. p!• Vienna, effee. flo •.• • • • 10 5 Philadelphia • • • r ;„ 1 : 51 ,;r4 r 7 10 Trieste, ditto.... • ... . s 3 i_ Madrid 0 .Cadiz .. ... : Bilbao.. Barcelona • Seville.. .. .... .. ...... Silver in bars •"• t.S. circumstance. On fact to record which is in itself a verY , io ''' A s fl a u t p te r orionfg of the intensity of the frost , W css ri eli' ( o ) n n D t l h o e nday week,_ two , gellt i n e : : e- o b_lti e f ; garder,ird at the foot of Stramongate , observ"; 0 tilt branch of a tree, proaching it, they found that the poor creature o ll e s o 0 0 a a b tt i a . ched to the branch by the frost, and they we ig 0 10 son to liberate it without breaking off the twig . e O O 1 time before they were enabled. to rr te r r e scu l a warmth so that it could avail itself of its tune —Kendal - w hich RA MSG ATE.—THE WEATIIER.—The 011111/bll5 litter runs between Deal and Ramsgate, and left t he e at to he last Monday evening at five o'clock, val,,„s,tfdriver th . snow storm about a mile from Sandwich. S top ~s , hich missed the road, and got on a he of stonesl.o on caused the vehicle to turn over, and left it stsonterberr the end, blocking up the door-way, throwing t o o thre e at the . further end, the passengers, consisting 01 .„ Ore i l v a a d a ie l s , , ,s a t. child, and Itonfdthtewopagsesnentlgeemresn(fro.rctu.natellCD, of Whetnt i fje London) was bruised and cut over the left tenlie'estiog extricated u th himself a th t the win d oe a u r tin 0 thed passengers T he Prussian to R a Ramsgate.—Kentish Governmentgate Shorty after,another onmitus courengers 0 , up, convey eu c becl‘ —K en i is h has, enligratinn to America, decided that the crow n _ dur ing .....,,„, alid Posen, of which the leases fall In apart for the years 1847, 1848, and 1849, shall be set ,„„te. persons who would otherwise be disposed 0 el" — b i s n erver. order tioands ia ••• r ' 38 1114 231 2 2 1/8 22 7i P 3% 2 1 ,4 751/2 13% 34 -- 6,‘ .., , 81 4 - 1 - 6 . 4 , - i S A 7 9 0 17% ~ 0 0 ' .; i ~ 4 .., - .1 1~ • 8~- I