The Sun. — London, England, 1837-09-07 00:00:00

THE H ‘RVEST.-I LE OF WIGHT. SEPT. 6.—The q u an tity o f ra i n which fell during last week, di d great injury to the corn on the south part of the Island, and ser i ous f ears were en t er t a i ne d that great part of it (some o f w hi c h h a d b een d own m o re than a fort ntght). would be spoiled. The weather has now changed to very hne, and a great quantity will be carried to-day. Nearly the whole of the corn on the north part of the Island was saved in excellent condition, end that on the south might have been, but from the absurd practice of the farmers cutting the whole before they commence carrying any. Isle of Wight farmers would rather risk 100 acres Of wheat, than take on a few extra hands, to carry what is Cut ; he takes a few hands on for the harvest month, and endeavours to employ them the whole time, though he risks his crop. The straw is short, but on the whole the crop 14 better tha n w a s e xp e cted. Of potatoes the crop will be Very ltravy ; and the late sown turnips have come up well, OM aro growing very rat. The fi rst sown have not sue seeded so well, but the late ones will make up for their de ficiency. There is also a quantity of after grass and should the present fine weather continue, the farmers will be able to change the long faces they have lately been troubled with, for some of a shorter description, garnished with smiles. The Isle of Wight Races are fixed for Thursday the 9.11 q, and Friday the 22d, when, should the weather con tinue fine, there will be no lack of company or sport. COWES-WEDNESDAY. September and October being the best months for sea bathing, we have numerous arrivals, though not equal to the number of the departures. Amongst the former are— S. Peach Peach, E,q., to Cannon House; P. J. Miles, Esq., to Sea View House ; Mr. Lovrell, to Beach Villa ; Mrs. Wallace, to Osborne Villa; Mr. Ploy/den, to Harriet Lode; Mr. Shepperd, to White Rose Lodge; Captain Meynell. to Oak 'Luse, and numerous others. DEPARTURES.— The Earl of Clonmell, for Woodstock, Oxon ; W. Webber, Esq., for The Close, Salisbury ; G W. Heneage, for Compton Bassett; Sir R. Bulkeley, Bart., for Dynevor House, Leamington ; Sir Thomas Cochrane, for Admiralty House, Portsmouth; IL Palmer, Esq., M. P. , for Reading ; Evrington, Esq., for Clarendon Park, Salis bury ; Sir B. Graham, Bart., for Grosvenor-square ; Hugh Berners, Esq., for Milbrook, near Southampton ; Lady Mal let, Sir John Hippesley, Bart., Mrs. Gravos, Captain Hope, Captain Sl:ea, Mr. Newcomb, and Captain Hicks Beach, for Weymouth ; Sir R. Harland, for Oswell Park, Ipswich ; G. A. Fullerton, Esq., J. S. Packington, Esq., and Lady H. Baring, to The Grange ; A. W. Corb et, Es q ., for Shrop shire. Sir E. Paget and family leave Woodvale on Friday. ARRIVALS OF THE ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON. SEPT. I.—The Turquoise cutter, Sir Hyde Parker, Bart., from Franco; and Dolphin schooner, G. H. Ackers, Esq., from Torquay. SErr. 2.—The Zephyr cutter, G. Bentick Esq., from Ceuta, Lisbon, &c. Szpr. 3.---The Xarifa schooner, and Harriet. SAILED. SEPT. 3.—The Kestrel cutter, the Right Hon. the Earl of Yarborough, on a cruise. THE CASE near NENLEY-ON-THAMES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR-Mr. Vaughan has addr.ssed himself to the public through the columns of your Journal, and in attempting to.palliate his conduct in the matter which has become the subject of prosecution against himself and the person called the Baron Charles de Behr has introduced statements in a spirit of recrimination, which are so at variance with the truth that lam induced to notice them. The object of Mr. Vaughan's letter is to exculpate himself from even the appearance of guilt by professing that he himself has been th e d u p e of De Behr, and not Mr. Allen. But in what do th e depositions taken before the Magistrates, which were neither contradicted, or even questioned, and the real facts *f th e case, accord with Mr. Vaughan's version ? Scarcely in one particular—and there is one point too tender for Mr. Vaughan to touch on in case he " should compromise the honour of a gentleman." Mr. Allen (who is a married gentleman, about thirty years of age) had advanced large sums of money on his own account to Mr. Vaughan, to be repaid from money arising from a Chancery suit ; that Money having, however, reached Mr. Vaughan's controul, ha 3 nearly frittered away before any day could be fixed for settlement. When that time arrived, a great part of the "In being already expended, it became necessary to invent som e scheme of apparent payment by which the securities should be cancelled, possession of the property restored, and further suFplies obtained—the case of the shares in a Minin g Company of which De Behr was the President, ,and Vau g h a n, a Director, was then held out ; and to in uune Mr. Allen to accept the m, the y were enhanced with t he most unblushing falsehoods. To effect this plan secresy must be enforced—they, accor din g l y , under the most spe cious pretences, induced Mr. Allen to pledge his word that ' 142 would not inform me as his solicitor of this arrangement, nt that it was intended that anything less than the payment of the money would take place, as it was to be regarded as a private transaction. Having ex torted this promise they proceeded :—Mr. Allen w as to give Mr. Vaughan a receipt for the 2,5001., and De Behr, as the President of the Cacboeira Gold, Silver, and Copper Mining Company, was to hand him an acknowledgement for that suns being invested in the purchase of shares (in the Bubble) —finding that Mr. Allen faltered, Mr. Vaughan assured him that he had purchased 3,000/. worth, and protested that as an act of friendship, he had pet suaded his old College friend, De Behr (How does this agree with the history of Di Behr in that clever publication, " The Town" of last Saturday ?) to allow him to take shares also to the same amount. Their wily arts at length succeeded. Mr. Allen, considering that the pecuniary assistance he had from time to time afforded Mr. Vaughan, with reiterated professions of friendship, would exclude all fraud in the transaction, and accordingly gage up the securities he had, and De Behr, having ob tained 5001. more in cash, afterwards applied to me in town wiih a letter for the other securities, stating that he bad advanced the money to Mr. Vaughan, and Mr. Allen bad been paid in cash. My suspicions, however, were ex cited, and I accordingly retained a judgment on a warrant of attorney until I had satisfied myself that De Belir's statement was tint?, and that the transaction was such as I could sanction on behalf of Mr. Allen. Some investiga tion ensued, and I thee discovered that no such Company existed, and that a fraud of the grossest character had been most deliberately practised. Application was therefore made to the Magistrate, who issued a warrant for the ap prehension of Mr. Vaughan and De Behr ; and, after seven hours' exam i nat i on , Mr. Vaughan, and subsequ ensl y De Behr, were committed to the county gaol for Oxford. Mr. Vaughan made no defence, contradicted no witness, or in any way relieved the impression that he was cognizant of the whole fraud. He inquires if it is reasonable to prose cute hint, because one person meets another at his house aild nlake s a con t ract w ith ou t his knowledge. I reply that he has aware of, and party, to the whole arrangement, and ap pointed t h e meet i ng at hi s h ou se to complete it. If he w as not, how did he intend to pay Mr. Allen ? as he repre -Bnted that he had purchased 3,0001 worth, and, if so, Mr. Allen could not be paid, as the money was alre ad y a pp lied. But this 3,0001. on the examination dwindled down into a piece of paper, signed by De Behr alone, that Mr. Vaughan "as entitled to " twenty 501. shares, say 1,0001. in the C o rnPany. If the transaction was honourable why secure an n i Promise of secresy from me (as sworn to b y three wit- Oes) Why not allow Mr. Allen to communicate with i,:s_ . golieito r on th e s ubject ? though Mr. Va u g han now ' '"fietes that I was aware of it , which is a gross false- Lo°d • as 1 had no knowledge of the plan until after its Ir pretration. Mr. Vaughan con cludes with forced advice, that in all money transactions actual cash should pass be "n prin c ip a l an d principal, but ho w has he enforced his prec ept by example ?-1 beg t o remain, Sir, y our very 0, escheat servant, H. WICKENS, Solicitor for the Prosecution. 43, Seekville-street, Piccadilly, Sept. 6, 1837. r** [AI future commnications respecting this a ff air can only ecetred as advertiseme u nts. J The E ar l o f Li c hfi e ld will shortly give a grand en t "tainment at Shugborough Castle, his seat near Lichfield, w ° , the fine t roop o f St a ffordshire Yeomanry Cavalry , of niell regiment the Noble Earl is Colonel. gentlemenoTile Earl of Chesterfield and a party of sporting left town yesterday on a shooting excursion t o r Perk, the seat of the Marquis of Westminster. Th e Ito ; Preparations for the ensuing season of the will b at' Opera Buffo are nearly completed, and the season p. • comm ence d ear ly in November, and continued until N e o br uary. Owing to the welcome manner in which Le int e zz ; di Figaro was received last season, Mr. Mitche l l aome 'us Producing Mozart's " Cosi fan tutte," as well as °f th e most favourite operas of Firavanti and Pa left, t° which the unrivalled orchestra, o engaged for the b a u !ng .season, can alone do justice. A new opera by t n i: Zetti has als o b e en purchased, and will be produce d royeh"nlmencement of the season. al as been stated as one reason for the sale of the Pr o st ud at H amp t on - cour t, th a t the whole was the priva t e visioPerty of t h e late Kinn., and as such subjec t to the pro . of his will. great re Present Lady Lyndhursl, is stated to bear a su":ll:eedseradbylance to the former lady of that title. The possessed features strongly resembling those Lo Y r ,considered to distinguish the " fair maids of Judah." " 1t 03 ,7 Chesterfield's celebrated painting of the t a i ned Hunt meeting at Ascot Heath," i n which are eon field ?ortraits of the Duke of Beaufort, Earl of Cbeste_r- A ' arl of "011 A„ and Wilton Earl of Errol, Count D'Orsay, Lords othe r rnselriarisci. Frederick Fitzclarence, Alfred Paget, and i ! ui shed .• of the Hunt, is in the hands of distu - recto a rtist, from whom 0 fine el -v.160g is shortly EX, SPOTS IN THE SUN. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—When the moon passes between the earth and the sun, we say the sun is eclipsed ; and if the moon be im mediately in the centre of the sun, we call it an annular eclipse—we do not say there is a large " spot in the sun." Now, may not those " spots in the sun," which have puzzled our most able astronomers to account for, arise from a similar cause, viz., the passing before the sun's disc of some of those bodies which at night appear to us as stars ? It is evident that such bodies being in such position, wlif n seen, must appear to us as mere " spots in the sun." I am, Sir, your's, Etc., R. W. DICKINSON. Ilfracombe, Sept. b. CHURCR•RATES AT LEEK, IN STAF- FORDSHIRE. (tROU A eottausrotoENT.) Agreeably to notice given by the Churchwarden a Vestry meeting was held on Thursday last, the Slat August, to levy a Church-rate. The business of the meeting Was opened in the Vestry of the parish Church by the Vicar (the Rev. T. H. Heathcote), but there not being room in the vestry for the very great attendance of rate-payers, it was adjourned to the spacious Church Sunday School-room, where from 400 to 500 persons assembled. The Vicar having again taken the Chair, and explained the business of the meeting, called upon the Churchwarden to state what rate he thought would be wanted. Mr. J. Ltecit (the Churchwarden) then stated that a rate of lid. in the pound would amount to about 1701. This he confessed would be more than sufficient to defray the expenses of the remainder of the year which he should have to remain in office ; but as it would probably be suffi cient for himself and his successor, and they all knew the trouble of collecting a rate was great, he thought it would be better at once to obtain a rate of three-halfpence in the pound, which he then moved. Mr. C. COUPLAND seconded the motion. Mr. FRANCE (a respectable member of the Societi of Friends) then moved an amendment, that the eonsidera''on of a rate be postponed to that day twelve months, stating that it was unjust and anti-Christian to call upon the Dis senters to contribute to a Church from which they ca n scientiously dissented. Mr. R. PLACE seconded the amendment. Mr. P. WAMSLEY objected to a greater rate being as%ed for than was needful to defray the necessary expenses dur ing the present Churchwarden's period of office, and moved as an amendment that a rate of one halfpenny in the pound be granted. A Ratepayer seconded that amendment. The Rev. J. SNEYD (a Church Clergyman and County Magistrate) said he attended the meeting merely as a rate payer. He observed that he thought a penny in the pound would be needed, and said that the Churchwarden was bound to keep the edifice in repair ; and he had the autho rity of Sir W. Follett in saying, that if the meeting refused to grant a rate, the Churchwarden could lawfully enforce one. He moved as an amendment that a rate of one penny in the pound be granted. Mr. C. FLINT ficotided the amendment, contending that if Mr. France's amendment were carried (which he had avowed was not only to postpone the consideration of a rate, but to abolisleit altogether), and the Church were lift to be supported by the voluntary system, its destruction would be inevitable ; that its Ministers would no longer preach the Gospel faithfully alike to the rich and to the poor, but would so preach as to please the people on whose contr►butions they were dependent, and that in a short time, if deprived of an established national religion, vital Christianity would vanish from the land. He alluded to America, where the much vaunted voluntary system was in practical exercise, and where, as compared to this country, but little real piety existed. lie trusted the meeting would support the established religion, and thus promote the spread of true Christianity. Mr. LIIECII having withdrawn his motion for a lid. rate, and agreed to Mr. Sneyd's amendment of a ld. rate, a show of hands was called for on each of the amendments, when Mr. France's amendment was carried by an over whelming majority, which the Chairman declared to the meeting. The Churchwarden then demanded a poll, which it was agreed should commence immediately, and continue until four o'clock on that day, and from eight to four the two following days, so as to allow the rate-payers of the different townships in the parish an opportunity of recording their votes. And at the close, on Saturday afternoon, there appeared— For the rate 672 individual votes. Against the rate 522 Majority for the rate... --150 The opponents of the rate had issued hand-bills, urging the rate-payers to record their votes against the unjust im post ; but canvassed little, either in the town or in the out township. The Church-rate party, however, strained every nerve, and resorted to numberless paltry manoeuvres to ob tain support. Not less than from twenty to thirty persons were actively engaged canvassing a great part of the time, many of whom were solicitors' clerks, and other hired ser vants of the so-called friends of the Church, who scoured the parish, in its length and breadth, for tools to accomplish their object—threatening some, cajoling others ; protniiing shilling tickets to some, and drink to others ; terrifying some, and deceiving, or wishing to deceive, all, by uttering the most barefaced falsehoods, and, by conduct the most disgraceful and disgusting, deluding the rate-payers, by de claring that the object of the opponents of the rate was the destruction of the Church. In consequence, numbers of the poorer rate-payers, not knowing the true meaning for which the poll was demanded, came to tender their votes fur the Church; and on being told by the poll-clerks they must vote for or against a Church-rate, appeared asto- , nished, supposing that to vote for the Church and for the rate were synonimous terms. A few, however, of the more intelligent boldly declared they were for the Church, but against the rate. There is not the least doubt but that a very considerable majority of the rate-payers are decidedly opposed to the rate on principle, and hundreds would have voted against it, but that they were compelled by their masters the silk manufacturers to vote against their consciences, and who, in many instances, accompanied them, nay, drive them to the poll. Many a poor but conscientious rate payer, on saying the words for the rate, gave vent to a deep-drawn sigh ; plainly - intimating, that from the badness of the trade, and therefore, consequently, the fear of offend ing his employers and losing his situation, he had lost his independence. As to the number at the close of the poll being a true index of the state of feeling respecting Church rates in the parish, it is pretty generally admitted, even by the more candid of the Church-rate party, to be a mere farce. They have, however, gained their point this time ; and although the means they have used aro the most un righteous and unjust, and acknowledged so to be by all conscientious and humble minds, there are men to be found in the parish of Leek who glory in having, by such means, so nobly fought " the battle of the Church !" May the true Church be saved from such unworthy advocates ! To show their great attachment to the Church, soon after the close of the poll on Saturday evening, a peal was rung on the Church bells, and a baud of music engaged, which paraded the streets, headed by the Churchwarden, the deputy constable, and such-like worthies, many of whom were in a state of intoxication, accompanied also by a mob of the lowest disorderlies, who, on arriving at the house of Mr. France, placed ene of their number, who wore an enor mous broad-brimmed hat, on the steps of his door, whilst the air Was rent with the most discordant yells. And this in token of their attachment to the Church. Alas, for the Church which requires such supporters ! A public meeting was held at the Shire-hall, Glou cester, convened by the High Sheriff, in compliance with a requisition sgned by the principal nobility and gentry of the county, to consider of addresses to the Queen and the Queen Dowager. As soon as the preliminaries were gone through, the Lord-Lieutenant of the county, Lord Sea grave, presented himself to the meeting, and said he had been requested to propose the address to her Majesty the Queen, and he felt convinced the greatest unanimity and cordiality would prevail, and he rejoiced to see so many as sembled on this occasion to manifest their loyalty and at tachment to the throne and to the youthful Sovereign. The question the meeting had to decide was, bow the ad• dresses should be presented. He lamented the loss of the the late King, his death would be deeply deplored by the country. He hoped that the present reign would prove more prosperous and happy than the reigns of Queen Eliza beth and Anne ; it was begun well, and he doubted not it would continue propitious. The Queen had declared her intentien to give equal rights to all her subjects. He beg ged to state, before he concluded, that the meeting had been intentionally postponed, because it was considered more prudent to wait until after the election, that the excite ment occasioned by that might subside, before the meet ing was convened. His Lordship concluded by moving the address. The Baron Heurteloup is just returned to London, after having accomplished the objects for which the Emperor of Russia requested his attendance at St. Petersburg. The Russian medical profession have acquired from his instruc tions, and practical demonstrations, a knowledge of Litho tripsy, which will, without doubt, lead to the successful per formance of so important an operation in that vast empire. We learn also that the exhibition of the Baron's other in vention relating to fire-arms, produced general admiration and satisfaction. '1 he Emperor was so much impressed w ith its importance, from the investigations and which were made, that orders were issued to General Bone temps, of the Russian artillery, to accompany the Baron to Lowlee, attended by another artillery officer, in prcipr to acquire a theroogh knowledge of the invention, and to see it adapted to the Russiao form of musket, previous to its I WOO ip the Inverisl amp UNITED STATES MONET MARKET. (From the Correspondent of the Chronicle.) PHILADELPHIA, AUG. 8.--When a tornado sweeps through the forest (a common occurrence this year in Ame rica) it levels to the earth thousands and tens of thousand:. of trees ; but the few sturdy monarchs of the woods that brave its effects, and remain standing, are all the best and most valuable of timber, available and strong for every ne cessary pnrpose to which they can be applied by man. So it is with the commercial hurricane that has desolated the United States. Hundreds of merchants have fallen before the tempest, and many of the most extensive firms in Ame rica have bitten the dust. But those who have weathered the storm are now stronger than ever ; and have proved themselves trustworthy, by the promptness and integrity they have shown in manfully meeting and triumph(tntly overcoming every difficulty. I put the matter before you iu this farm for the purpose of correcting the opinions of many of the English papers, which argue that, because the failures in the Republic have been so extensive ) it would, therefore, be the height of imprudence to give further credit to American merchants, sow, nothing is further from the fact ; and if the writers of sueh articles had sojourned in the States for the last slit months, had seen the %mbar. rassed state of commerce and the currency, had witnessed the almost superhuman efforts made by a Majority to meet their European payments, they would admit, as a self evident truth, that those firms who could pass through so fiery an ordeal, arc as much entitled to extensive credit, on the score of honour, opulence, and integrity, as any set of men that have ever traded in this or any ()tiler country. Another false impression; which I see generally noticed in the British press, requires to be effaced. This is, teat "nearly all the merchants in the Union had become bankrupt." Ridiculous! In this city, where so many of the principal firms of the Union are located, the failures have been really very, very few ; and with the exception of Cornley and Co., and one broker, of no great importance, the same remarks will equally apply to Balton, Baltimore, Provi dence, Charleston, Norfolk, and Richmond, all places of large and increasing commerce. In Philadelphia th are houses which date their origin in the steady days or wii liam Penn, the father of this sovereign state, while amongst the majority of them those fine principles of the Quakers— " never to traffic beyond our means, never to trust without good security, never to enter into wild speculations, and never to be otherwise than punctual in payments"—arc adopt e I as the guiding stars of all their transactions between man and man, both at home and abroad. True, a great num ber have gone by the board bath in New York and New Orleans, but even in those cities a far greater numb.if re main behind, and, as I have endeavoured to show in my brief argument, such are the very men who can and ought to be trusted. Besides, bad as "matters and things" have bcen, and ruinous as their effects have proved on both sides the Atlantic, it must be clear that business will soon resume its wonted vigour. The army of merchants, like an army of soldiers on the field of battle, will ever present a bold front, for the men who in the first rank are sure that their places will be ;mmediately supplied by men from the second and the Look for a moment at one fact : the English cannot do without cotton, rice, and tobacco ; the Ameri cans cannot do without manufactured goods. Timis fact alone, including, as it dues, such a countless number of in ternational wants, is enough to convince any min of reflec tion that a barter trade will and must arise, nearly equal perhaps to the commerce between the two countries, prior to the panic. Away, then, with the ridicu!ous notions so much dwelt upon in the Tory papers, that " American commerce has recived a blow from which it will never rear. recover 1" As I have thus taken upon myself the office of Corregi dor, i•. 3 to common errors in the British Tory press, I might as wtli extend my duties, and correct a flagrant misrepre sentation that has appeared almost daily in one or other of the American journals, the more especially as I see the fal lacy has not only been copied, but even supported, on your side of the water. I refer to the statement made, that " the constant shipment of cotton, specie, &c. to England, will, in about ten months, pay off the entire debt owing by America to Great Britain." Such an assertion is, if pos sible, more absurd than the former. The greater part of that debt will never be paid. And why ? I answer, be cause it was owing by merchants who have become bank rupt : and it is, of course, lost, with the trifling exception of any small dividends ;hat may arise in the winding up of the affairs of the broken merchants alluded to. Who will pay the debts of these broken merchants ? Certainly not the nation, for it is not due from the nation, but from indi viduals. It is, therefere, absurd for any of the American journalists thus to distort facts, and attempt to gloss over the extent of the calamity ; and it is quite as ridiculous for British journalists to c tpy their example. The last packets which sailed for Europe (on the Ist) took out a much greater quantity of specie than has been exported at any one time for months past. Various state ments have been made on the subject, but the following, I know, may be depended on : The Ontario, for London The Orpheus, for Liverpool The Baltimore, for Havre The Shakspeare, for Liverpool 65,000 Total speeie expo D rt e e l d lar s s inc i e ,lt,(lo , :o spen_ The whole amount of sion upwards of 6,000,000 dollars. Public exportation in every part of the Union is directed towards the approaching Congress, which will convene on the 4th day of September. Something must be done, and any legislative act on the subject of the currency must he of a durable character. The sufferings of the labouring classes, mechanics, and artisans are beginning to be serious, and unless manufacturers as well as merchants enjoy their wonted facilities in the way of a freely circulating medium, it is difficult to foresee how their sufferings are to be re lieved. Judge of the extent of the calamity by the follow ing few facts. I have before me a list of sixteen Ame rican manufacturing firms who, up to this time last year, 1836, paid their men and women .1,006,000 ds. To the same period of the present year, 1837, they only p a id 55,500 ds. Therefore, in those sixteen houses, alone, employ ing nearly 10,000 hands, 950,500d5. are thrown out of circula tion, and more than 8,000 hands are thrown out of employ. One firm alone, 8., J., and Co., paid up to this period, in 1836, 190,000 dollars ;in 1837, only 9,000 dollars. I admit that things are gradually improving ; but unless the action •f Congress be wise, energetic, and speedy, it will be years before the manufacturers will recover their old posi tion. Their case is peculiarly hard, for the manufacturers of the United States cannot, as a body, he charged with over-trading, seeing that American manufactures are as yet but in their infancy. The merchants, or rather the specu Laing portion of them, are the individuals who have over traded ; and I much fear that the sanguine expectations formed by many of their number—that Government can remedy most of the evil—will exercise a benumbing influ ence on the proceedings of Congress. lioweler Govern ment may have been to blame—and that it is blameworthy in meddling with the currency there can be no doubt—still common candour and honesty require us to admit that the merchants have brought much of the misery upon them selves by overtrading. This •assertion you will have no diffi culty in realising, from the statistics I have forwarded you in some of my late letters. But lest any of your readers should have omitted to study them, I will now introduce the excess, and rapidly progressive excess, of American importations over American exportations, during the last five years. It speaks trumpet-tongued as to the cause of the panic. 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 Look, too, at the following facts, and the clumsy legisla tion of Government will be apparent. By destroying the United States Bank, as a national institution, they destroyed the tone of the currency ; and in a zealous hatred of banks, contrived, by a strange hocus-pocus kind of policy, to more than double their number ; that is, the remedy more than doubled the disease. In 1811 the State banks throughout the Union amounted to only 89, circulatio❑ 45,000,000 dollars. In 1815 they numbered 203 ; and in 1817, 275. In 1830 they had increased to only 320. In 1834 there were 506 ;in 1835, 558 ;in 1837, 667. In the last seven years there has been an increase of 357 ne%% banks and 146 branches. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAI,. SEPTEMBER 7, 1837. SPAIN. MADRID. AUG. 28.—Affairs still continue here in a very unsettled state. To describe them in detail would be to describe a system deranged in all its departments. Imbe cility in the Government, conspiracies in the army, and the discords of party make up the elements of the wretched picture. Long before you receive this you will have seen the consequences of this state of things in the (Iciest of an important division of the Queen's troops in Arragon by the forces of the Pretender. The intelligence of this oc currence was vaguely current in this city yesterday evening, but was not believed to the extent which the official notice in the Gazelle of this morning would seem to justify. From the manner in which the despatch is given, the rumoured extent of the defeat would appear not to be an exaggera tion. This at least is the prevailing opinion here. Letters from Burgos, of the 2.5 th, place the Castilian factions in the neighbourhood of Cobarrubias and Betuarta. Fears were entertained of their attacking that town, and prepa irations were being made for it s d e f ence. S uc h i s the ne glect of nelilrolo - catlnli between the PI4r101P(15 014 the authorities pf Bu at the ab ove d a t e were i gnor ant of the position ofthr t 4 roops which were to defend them, and of the resignaoeq of •-iended Nri o . Espartero has at length moved from Torrelaguna to Jadracue, about two or three leagues south of Siguenza, to wait, as he states in his dispatch, t!ie course of events, and to act accordingly. The reports of his being compelled to keep within doors from terror of his being shot by his troops have somewhat declined ; but there are grounds for be lieving that he is not in much favour with them. The fate of the officers who mutinied is still undecided. Olozago is said to have been offered a place in the Ca binet with the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, and to have declined. This, of course, might h ave b een fore seen, as Olozaga now belongs to a different party from that at. present in power. Ail parties, both friends and enemies, are unanimous in their condemnation of Gonzalez Alonso for accepting office. PORTUGAL. MANIFESTO OP THE REBgi, REGENCY. " It is known to the whole world ho* his most faithful Majesty, the Senor Don Pedro I V., of Alotlotts inheriting rroth hlx anehstors the Portnicuette Crown ets cording to the ancient riindamental law of this itiOnalthy l freely and tpontanc Misly abditatA the sattlis i establishin g by this tint nett/ filiidathental law and a new dynasty, and bindin g together in such a manner th ose t wo conces sions that they beCathe inseparable froth the thotheht lti which the nation received and swore ttdelity to both. It was equally known to the world in what a perfidious and treasonable manner a Prince of the Portuguese blond en deavoured to deprive us of both the advantages granted to us, and, joining tyranny to rebellion, succeeded for some time in enslaving a part of the nation. But there was also observed the loyal manner in which a small number of men, remaining immovable in their fidelity to their oaths, preserved a nucleus of resistance, which combated by every means, could never be disorganised, and which, developing its energies subsequently under the command Of the be sumer of the Charter, succeeded in re-establishing the ;attic, and in confirming the throne of her most faithful Majesty, Donna Maria 11., the origin and head of the dy nasty, bound up with the same charter. " It is useless to record how many and what painful sa crifices of every kind that result cost to the Portuguese nation, because all the Portuguese, of every class, more or less felt them, and partook of them. But it is an unde niable tact, and which no one can contradict, that from the moment in which the charter was re-established over all the monarchy, in spite of the premature death of the defender of the charter, then Regent in the name of the Queen, in spite of the fluctuations of the civil war in the neigh bouring country, and of the incessant instigations of the ene mles of every liberal system, not one voice was lifted up in Portugal to dispute the right of her most faithful Majesty to her Crown, or that of her people to the liberties con signed in the charter, and that small bandNf highway rob bers, who coVered their lawless proceedings with the mask of politics, without means, and without any recognised chiefs .done made disturbances here and there of a momentary e'laracter in the peace of the kingdom. Such was the state Of this kingdom from the epoch of the restoration until the 9th of September, 1836, the day on which the populace ti Lisbon, deceived and excited by men whose intentions we leave the nation to judge of b ) their deeds, dared to raise a seditious cry against the institutions which protected the thron e and the country, to break and ennihilate the social bond of the Portuguese, substituting for it an old compact which had been abjured almost as soon as it was formed, a vague thing of illusory promises, a tyrannical oligarchy, founded upon a pretended democracy. From that moment the faith of the oath appeared despised, the sceptre was broken in the hands of the Queen, the charter which united us was blotted out, and the bonds of society effectually dis solved. The dominant oligarchy disenvolved its plans, mocked the nation in convoking a so-called national repre sentathin, to which it prescribed, and upon which it imposed beforehand a forced opinion ; it mocked the throne, de priving it of the liberty of choosing its agents, and obliging the Queen to sanction the acts which they dictated to her. 'Fhey even conceived the foolish expectation, that the men whose loyalty resisted the tyranny of a usurper which had continued for five years, was solidly established, and powei- fully armed, would bend the neck to an ignoble yoke, with out sympathies, support, or consistency. " But they were not long in finding out the frivolity of their hopes, and, in spite of having driven away from pub lic affairs the most conspicuous defenders of the charter, in spite of having disunited and almost annihilated the army which restored it, the cry of Viva a Carta e a Rainha' had scarcely resounded in one of the extremities of the kingdom, when it found an echo in all the provinces, and the unani mity of thoughts and of designs united as if by enchant ment a nucleus of brave men, who, covered with the bless- - ings of the people, will march upon the capital, in order to decide there the destinies of the country. Placed at this moment at the head of the loyal Portuguese in order to promote their liberation of the nation and of her Majesty, the Regency temporarily established for the government of the kingdom during the captivity of her Majesty, conceives it to be its duty to make in her name and in that of the loyal Portuguese engaged in the same cause a solemn de claration and ' manifesto of their sentiments and designs, and of their objects, setting forth consequently the causes, the motives, and the intentions which have moved all of them to take up arms against the Government defiteio which since the 9th of September of the past year has enslaved the country. " IT THLUEFORE DRCLARZS-- " 1. That they do not recognise, that they have not recognised, and that they never will recognise, as the fun 41amental law of the Portuguese monarchy, regulating the prerogatives of the Throne and the rights of the people, any other compact than the constitutional charter of the Portuguese monarchy, spontaneously conferred upon the same nation by the Senor Don Pedro IV. of glorious me mory, and by that nation accepted, swore to, and gloriously restored. • " 2. That they do not recognise, have not recognised, and never will recognise, any alterations made in the same charter by any other means than those which are prescribed in the same fundamental law, in order for its successive re farms and improvement. " 3. That they will consider all the Acts—Executive, Political, and Legislative, of the different Governments de fiwto which have enslaved this kingdom since the 9th of September last, as well as those of all the assemblies, of whatever nature by the same Government convoked, as null, of no effect, and obligatory upon no one Portuguese. " 4. Th it their only object is the complete restoration of the Throne and of the nation, to the full enjoyment of the prerogatives, immunities, and liberties, which belong to each of them, according to the constitutional charter of the Monarchy. " 5. That every question of administrative opinions, of persons, or of parties, is entirely foreign to the ends, designs, and projects both of the Provisional Regency and of the Portuguese engaged in this restoration ; and that from the moment in which the latter is effected all inter vention on their part in state. affairs will cease (as they will then begin to be governed according to the rules and by the means and organs established in the charter), their views being solely directed to support the dignity of the throne, the prosperity of the nation, and the good of the country. " Thus, for itself and for all loyal Portuguese, it declares and makes known this manifesto to all the Portuguese, as well as to all Governments, and to all people, because this is the cause of religion, of the throne, and of liberty. " Villa de Torres Vedras, the 21st of August, 1837. (Signed) DUQUP: DE TERCEIRA, " NIKRQUEZ DE SALDANHA, " L. DE SA. MOUSINHO DE ALBUQUERQUE." PRUSSIA. BERLIN, AUGUST 30.—We are all on a sudden thrown into a consternation bordering almost on stupefaction. The cholera morbus has rushed firtvard on the population like an invincible foe, sweeping away almost every one who had the ill fortune to be within its reach. On its first being ru• moored that there were some suspecious cases in town every body smiled contemptuously ; but, alas this sphynx under stood but too well to put herself into respect—nobody now ever affects to smile, nay, the most undaunted are not ashamed to quake. D o I exaggerate ?—read the daily bul letins in our papers, compare the number of the attacked and the deceased with the total of the population, and compare it too with the bulletins issued on the first eruption of the cholera in 1831, you then will find that it was child's play in the latter period when contrasted with it now. Then the intensity, too, of the evil has risen in pro portion ; a terribly large number of persons of all classes is carried off within the space of two or three hours from the first moment of the symptoms showing themselves. No ; I do not exaggerate in assuring you that a general gloom of the deepest hue is cast over this capital, which manifests itself both in the sudden diminution of the small trade, in company, in the theatres, and in the camp now raised near Berlin. At other times a camp formed the chief attraction for this military population ; at present the soldiers are left to enjoy the pleasures of bivouacing quite to themselves. It had been expected that the King, in consideration of the danger evidently attending the fatigues and exposure of a camp during an epidemic, in a season which, though not inclement, would, in all . likelihood, be a rainy one, would countermand the whole. In fact, he was already prevailed upon to do so by the Prince Royal. But are the pedantic, self-conceited, princely generals in the army to be deprived of the so long wished for prospect of parade and playing war merely on account of the paltry chance of some hundreds of soldier; dying, or the still more paltry chance public opinion being outraged by so little respect being shown for the lives of the subjects ? No, certainly ; 'twould be a shame to yield thus much to pub lic) Opinion it must be struck cavalierly in the face, in order that it may be reeoznisM that men are made for manoeuvres and camps, and not vice versa. Aeecidiugiy, the old Kin 4 was dunned an bc4bcryc4 ickte, 4 revocatiop of the resoluti on o bt a i ne d b y t h e common sense of the Crown Prince. The twentytwo cantons of the arondissement of Breslau had, last year, 1,231,725 sheep, which produced 21,630 cwt. of wool, rather an unfavourable rate, as nearly the same quantity of wool had been produced in 1835 .by 39,125 sheep less than the above number. All the letters and papers from the Cvlholic provinces of Hanover breathe a spirit of decided opposition to the liberticide machinations of M. de Schcle. King Ernest will have created to himself a little Ireland nearer home. The faithful helpmate of all absolutist schemes, the political weekly journal of Berlin, styles the Constitution' given to Hanover by William IV., ‘. a Constitution in the new-phi losophical sense." Hic keret. This is, indeed, the real ground of all Tory hostilities. Whatever is new is a thorn in their eyes ; so that .if the New Testament was to be founded to-day, though by the same divine authority, they would consider it as a revolution end ding in the fdds CMI. tinning Ole*., Who, in fact, are nothing but Testes h ti tigibus point of flew. The same may trgr • With regard to Prr.testantism, which they tared to defend ; were Wik liffe, Knox, Huss, or Luthet., to preach reform of the Chureh today tht Tories and the political weekly journai t erno would to be consistent with their Own principles be forced to condemn them as preaching a religion " in the new-philosophical sense," Only thirty families of the Rhenish nobility have, till non., acueedcd to the autonomic law of government which is to re-introduce in that province the nuisance of primo genitures.—Morning Chronicle. BRUSSELS AND GERMAN PAPERS. BRUSSELS, SEPT. 4.—We are assured that there will be a general review of the civic guard by the King during the September fete. An Englishman, 35 years of age, coming from Liverpool, VV2S arrested yesterday, and sent to the Amego, for want of a passport and of means of subsistence. SEPT. 6.—The King and Queen of the Belgians will em bark at Ram32, - ate on Tuesday next for Beigiutn. ANTWERP, SEPT. s.—The engineer of the Ciledonia steam-boat was caught yesterday by the machinery of the vessel and crushed to death. The corpse was conveyed to the hospital. _ The famous General Evans, whose arrival we announced yesterday, lodges at the Hotel St. Antoine.—Journal du Conznte:•cc d'Anvers, Sept. 6. MELO! AN I. UNDS—BaussELs, Sim' & Actual Debt, 21p per Cent. ... Rothschild's Loan, 5 per Cent. Loan of Thirty Millions tiii Loan of ( itv, 1832. 4 per Cent. 9934 Society of Commerce, 4'.per Cent.... ..... Bank of Belgium 5 per Cent l 4O Brussels Psspers, Sept. 6. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Viaxna, tco. 28. rive per Cents. Metalliques Four per Cents. Three per Cents Bank Shares —Allgetwine Zeitung, Sept 2. THE CHOLERA. The Berlin Gazette of the 29th ult. announces that, since the preceding day, there had been 90 new cases of cholera, and 36 deaths, in that city. We have received the following from Rome of the f.23d ult. :—" The cholera is proceeding with rapid strides, and the general terror is daily increasing. The disease has at tacked with marked virulence the Carbineers and the regi ments of the line, and has raged with peculiar violence in the Rivere de Borgo in Transtavere, and I Monti, on the Quirinal. From the commencement of the disease there have been nocturnal processions with illuminations, and even macoktti, as during the last days of the carnival, and which must give to the resident foreigners an idea of the ancient Bacchanalia. In these processions very few men appear, but great numbers of women follow barefooted. It is remarked that, after these processions began, the pro portions of deaths were two-thirds women to one-third men. All is anarchy and confusion ; it has been said that the Pope has removed to Assisi ; but I have been assured that he is still in Rome, although he keeps himself still shut up. The surrounding country has been rendered almost impassable for travellers, and even for couriers. There have been dis turbances at Viterbo and Civita Castellana. The populace of the latter town has obliged the Governor to send back the courier from Rome, and the letters for the provinces aro sent on by fresh ones. We are expecting a reinforce ment of national and Swiss troops from the Legations, and from Ancona, who will, it is said, be replaced by a regiment of Croats from Milan. and a battalion of French troops des tined for Ancona. The state of the public mind is no less alarming in the Marches and in Umbria." A letter from Bologna of the 27th ult. has the following: The cholera has not yet made its appearance amongst us, but we are afflicted with an infinity of other evils, of which the most severe is incendiarism. 'We have had five fires within a fortnight, the three last being on as many suc cessive days—the 24th, 25th, and, 26th. These catas trophes haVe caused the Government great alarm, inas much as they are considered to be the results of a con spiracy to excite disturbance, and create a necessity for an augmentation of the Austrian troops. It is said that if there should be another fire to-night, the Austrian General will proclaim martial law. We are consequently in a state of anxiety and agitation. In Romagna, and par ticularly at Faenza and Ravenna, murders have been com mitted which have thrown the inhabitants into the utmost state of terror. An Austrian officer has been assassinated at Forli." The latest accounts of the cholera at Leghorn coma down to the 20th ult., on which day only seven cases and. four deaths had occurred. The malady was on the decline. We take the following from a Genoa letter, Aug. 27 : " The cholera, which appeared to be on the point of leav ing us, has renewed its ravages with extreme violence. The wealthy inhabitants are flying, and Savona. is crowded with emigrants. This small town, although only a short distance from Genoa, has hitherto remained untainted ; and yet the disease makes great progress along the Riviera. Other parts of the kingdom are also suffering from this terrible scourge. A thousand sinister reports circulate in every direction ; the places of public amusement, however, are frequented as before. The cholera is said to have made its appearance at Menton, a town situated only two leagues from Monaco." The Servian Gazelle of July 30 contains the following article " The sanitary state of all Runiclia is at this moment extremely bad. The plague is every where spread, and rages in a dreadful manner at Sophia, which has a population of 46,000. There are nearly 200 deaths daily of this disorder. It has also appeared in Bitoglia, and visits not only the towns, but the villages. In Perot it has abated, and recant accounts say that a great number of patients suffering under the plague have recovered—that the mortality is diminished by one-half; and by the latest reports even more. The disorder has, however, spread in the villages about Perot, and its ravages are frightful. The plague has spread in like manner along the whole of the right bank of the Danube, which has induced the Turkish authorities to establish a partial quarantine, by which the communications between one place and another are interrupted. With respect to Bos nia and Ilergogowina, the accounts are satisfactory. In Servia, Heaven be praised, the pull c health is as good as can be wished. Our august Prince has happily pre vented the introduction of the disorder into our country. Besides Lazarettos and Cordons, on the frontier, which latter have been doubled since the disorder has spread in Rumelia approached the Servian frontier ; a later ordi nance of the Prince has directed the whole land frontier next to Turkey to be covered by a fence either a strong Abattis Where the frontier is wooded, or by palis sades where the country is bare of wood. On the Servian side of this fence there is a clear road, so that the troop 3 composing the Cordon can patrol without impediment, and easily perceive any attempt to break through the fence the guards posted at short intervals being on the alert both night and day to prevent, not only men, but animals, from passing the frontier. These energetic measures ordered by our Prince hive happily kept the plague which has not passed the frontier of our couutry, and, please God, never will, and Servia has reason to congratulate itself on being preserved from this pestilence by the Providence of God and the vigilance and energy of its Prince. The ex pense of these preventive measures, which is certainly consi derable, does not deserve to be regarded in comparison with the lucky event. EXILES IN SIBERIA. The Russian Government has lately published a return of the culprits exiled to Siberia in the years 1833 and 1834, from which it appears that the total number in Western Siberia on the Ist of January, 1833, amounted to 33,921 males, and 6,873 females. In the eastern division there were 42,675 men, and 8,589 women. In all, 92,053. In the course of 1833, the number was increased by 7,884 criminals-of both sexes, and in 1834 by 10,957. f u. the Ist of January, 1833. there were, in Western,, ria, 35,797 men, and 6,942 women, and in the Easte - part, 40,898 men, and 16,223 women.—Total 97,121 indivi duals, being an increase of 5,063. It results from this document that the government of Cuzan supplied the greatest number of criminals, and the government of Archangel and of Olonetz the smallest ; in Cazan tho proportion of culprits .‘ deserving capital pu nishment" is 1 in every 2,753 inhabitants ; to Arch angel 1 in 10,734, and in Olonetz, 1 in 12,329. The women transported to Siberia have been for the most part condemned to hard labour for the crime of inopil diarism. In 1833, the only natives oaf Livonia- sen tenced to exile for murder wpr.o fotnales ; and another remarkable tact is, t\ii .ha women exiled fdr murder during a t - 7194 of ten years belonged mostly to the Q..Wki, pro lines of the empire. The individuals i.itepAcTiocil for poli tical crimes are obliged to tc44llip Iha cio(th P e Sibcritk ar ' in the east, towards the Icy Sea ; those condemned for less dangerous offences are allowed to settle in the south and west, and in the Government of Toboisk, where the di m Ito is much milder. Among those exiles are many who h'long by their birth, education, and rank, to the first clams* of society, and possess sufficient strength of mind to be re. clneiled to their fate. The children born of marriages contracted by those exiles with Siberian women bear Do trace of their European origin, or of the manners of thter ancestors. This explains why Russian noblemen who, in Siberia, devote themselves to agriculture, hunting, and me. nufacturiug pursuits, do not differ in the slightest degree from the other classes of the people, The descendant o r the Tartar princes profess the Mahomelan faith, and 1:11 apart from the rest of the population, with whom t)ley never intermarry. The Tartar; of Siberia reside ail in se parate slobodes l atiri work only for themselv es , The G ee , roan wiles, on the contrail - , have molifi..l 'in a situp; A r tllttio the niaritthrs Ana L'usterns of the Rossivut, but To • main stri ctly attitchell to the religion of their ancettv, l , although tiltllr mode of liVing approooha nearer th e sinviitity of a patriettthal life. They are diefitlF: a i s h e d by their spirit of ostler and industry, 'the Israel.;tes banished to Siberia are treated with more kindnitts and attention than in any other part of European Russia. They are considered as a distinct people ; tool as being of the same origin as the Germans, bee . au , e all those who have settled in Siberia invariably speak the German language.—Prus sian Slate Gazette. TURKEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 16.—Death continues to dis charge, with fearful rapidity and unerring aim, his plague tipped darts among the Franks. In other times of pesti lence this class of the population has generally been spared, but now it is,auffering more than any other. In spite of endless purifications and precautions the malady spreads, and of the attacked not a soul escapes. The Greek hos pital report of last week was 59. At the Armenian Ca tholic hospital there are excellent arrangements and atten dance, and a very large portion of the patients recover. A priest, acting in a medical capacity, is doing wonders there —his patients have confidence in him, and do not give way to despair. I verily believe that more than half of the Franks die rather of fear than of the plague. On the 12th, the Captana Bey, now Ferik Bahriye, ar rived at the Black Sea with a beautiful new frigate, to add to the already enormous fleet. Captain Kellie, who has been lone in the Turkish service, has just been advanced to the rank and pay of Captain of a line-of-battle ship ; and his son, Captain Kellie, jun., to that of Captain of a frigate. These appointments have taken place under the especial command of the Sultan, who is really de sirous of introducing European officers into his navy and army. I hear that we are very shortly to have here for the latter two Russian Generals, accompanied by four or six superior officers of the same na ti on . G enera l 'Count Yerinoloff arrived here on Monday front W, sel. but it appears he is merely travelling. After the parade at Voz nessensk we are likely to have abundance of great folks here. Some think that the Emperor Nieiel , s wll came incog., to tak.i a peep at his future capital, for which he will be indebted to his own love of war and our attach ment to peace. How admirably our propensity furthers his! Just look at struggling Circassia. It appears that the whole line of coast is now in the hands of the Russians, for all communication with that quarter is cut off, and our anfiding friends arc abandoned to their fate. There was a time when British sympathy was of some value, but now, forsooth, it does nothing more than create hopes for the purpose of destroying them. Mr. Knight, a young- gentleman of property an family, has just added to the number of bold Englishmen determined to assist the Circassians as far as lies in their power : ho left Synope about a fortnight ago in a small boat, and, if he succeeded in escaping the vigilance of the Russian blockade, he must now be high up on " frosty Caucasus." Had he taken with him a cargo of gunpowder, he would have been very welcome there. As it is, the Circassians must be becom ing excessively disgusted with every.thing English. We shall never get over our cowardly abandonment of the Vixen's affair as long as we exist as a nation. The proceedings of Mehemet Ali Paella continue to ex cite alarm here, and I see - little chance of itn amicable ar rangement between him and the Sultan. In the mean time the stain quo is weakening both as fast as possible. It is strange that our politicians persist in perpetuating this shocking evil, which is tantamount to constant war, with the exception that it has none of the advantages of war. Still, as far as the Sultan is concerned, his interests suffer less from it than those of Mehemet Ali, who is going downhill rapidly, and whose powe r mus t soon perish from mere mere exhaustion. He knows this, and will seize the first opportunity of again trying the chances of war. There are evident preparations for this event on both sides. Arif Pacha has been named Governor of Magnesia, in the place of the Coraosmanoglu, who was lately displaced for misconduct, and he starts to-morrow, with all his esta blishment, is one of the Smyrna commercial steamers. Henceforward we are to have a more active communi cation with Odessa, steamers running every ten days, in stead of only once in three weeks, as hitherto. Some persons having been doubting whether the late measure favouring the exportation of grain from Turkey would ever be carried 'into execution, I am happy to say that those doubts were unfounded. An English house here has, to my knowledge, been encouraged by the Gcvernmeut itself to make a purchase of several cargoes of wheat, which they are about to ship from an outpurt for a foreign m irket. It costs about 16s. per bushel, I have heard, and the cultivators say that at this price they are amply remu nerated. The quantity for exportation will be trifling this year, as the measure is only just coming into operation ; but it must annually increase, and in a few seasons become very extensive, when the Government will probably leave the trade entirely free, without thinking it necessary to re serve any portion of the crops for its own use, but trust to the market for the needful supplies. Exchange this post 113 112.—Morning Herald. EMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES. PHILADELPHIA, AUGUbir 6.—The astounding number of ten thousand and sixty emigrants arrived at New York and Perth Amboy, during only ten days, immediately prior to the close of last week 6' Pauper emigrants," " the sweepings of gaols and work houses," " foreign beggars," &C. &C., are the terms com monly applied to these poor people in New York, and the immigrants become more and more unpopular every day. Do not attribute this to ill-nature, but to the times ; for where thousands of American mechanics and artisans are out of employ, how can it be expected that they should feel otherwise than jealous of foreign dependents on the pros trate trade and even charity of the nation ? Those who have money or good prospects could not emigrate at a better time ; but those who have neither, I would conjure, by all they hold dear to themselves and tan - lilies, to avoid the United States until trade and manufactures improve. 'Tie number of passengers that have arrived in New York alone Ibis year is— January Februnry Marok April May June .. July, to the 27th 836 1,278 • 3,892 7,012 11,098 8,161 34,554 Add the 10,060 I have mentioned above 10,066 Add, also, arrivals at Perth Amboy, into which place they are smuggled by captains, for the purpose of evading the almshouse tax, &c., at New York, about 11,000 Total 55,614 Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore, Portland, and Orleans, also receive their thousands, besides the crowds that throng into the country by the lakes and over the Canada line. Many have died in the miserable, filthy, floating lazar-houses called 'steerages, of typhus fever and other complaints ; and the people of New York are afraid they will bring a pestilence into the City. Groups of them ars met is every street, in a state of squalid destitution, and wretched, hopeless beggary ; while many who had a and only a little money, from want of employment, bo come dissolute drunkards, disgracing themselv e s and their Country in a foreign land. Many who can afford the means are wise enough to return. A few days since, the Eliza Warwick took back 250 to Liverpool, and the Or pheus more than a hundred ; all of them bitterly de nouncing the base arts of swindling captains and ship owners, who had induced them to leave their happy homes, by advertising in Europe that " labourers in America were gaining 3 and 4 dollars per day," and other lying and delusive stotements, to tempt and betray poor emigrants into greater miseries than any they would be likely, in the worst of times, to encoucrer in their native land. No punishment is too great :or such heartless spe culators in th e agony an d poverty of their fellow-men ; and I deeply l ament t h at t h e l aws will not reach this new cr i me .. of obtaining money and passetwers by false pretences. Several respectable mechanics have deposed upon oath., before the Mayor of New York, that they were terni-, Le d to quit England solely by the base artifices 1 have t eterred to. To all who dere to emigrate, and have not the means of_supiarfrt, COMO N. 4 to Me United Slates W henever the tam improvir awl there is room fur your industry, you will iieelved with hospitality and open arm:. When the Drench entered Vienna after the battle of Eo rt g, Haydn WilS lying on his death-bed. By an express order from tlio E op,-vor Nap&ean a doub:c s. .try %vas placed at the door of the ve:lerable and dying inuiciah, tay p, ,t et him from the eliance of annoyance in his last mop nlents.-3fusical i