The Sun. — London, England, 1823-08-25 00:00:00

- invand, anti the loatt vhich itThaventiiraCted ex .' perienced yesterday a considerable rise. Vim the Constitntionach] PARIS, AUG. 22.--- ' Tie unofficial part of the Moniteur bf yesterday contained the following article:— " The number of the brap'eau Mane of the 20th instant has been seized, because it contained an article tending to ,de fame Authorities of the Department of Gard, and to bring into contempt the King's' flovernment. " The following is the correct state of the facts alluded to : In the month orJuly, last year, the Sicur Delon, who bad been sentenced tolleath par contumace in the affair of - Berton, was stated to have taken refuge in the Mountains of Ar roptlissement of Vigar,. Department of (lard. The Authorities battened to order a more active search, and it was soon ;Es covered that the individual pointed out was Louis Rocque, of the Canton of Vauvert, who had fled from justice on account of a robbery, and who sought to elude the porsuit matte after him. " The 4th April last, Louis Rocque attempted to assas.i. : nate the 1 4 ieur Chubs], an inhabitant of the Commune of S.. Marcel de Fonfouillouse. Pursued with new activity, he ral lied round him in the mountains some other malefactors. "The Civil and Military Authorities then concerted the means of securing .Rocque anti his accomplices. After a long search, directed by the Chef d'E,eadron of Gendarmerie, Au briot, they succeeded in discovering their retreat, and, on the 9th instant, they traced them (five in number) to a farm, si tuate.between Sam Felix du (luard and Anduze.. The-Chef d'Escadron, Aubriot, arrived the first, and commenced. the attack';, three gendarmes entered the house by the windows, some shots were fired at them, and a gendarme and the chief d'escadron were aliOtly womuled ; ,the brigands succeeded in escaping at the rear of the farm. The three persons who re mimed in the house where they were concealed were arrested; and also another individual of the hatulet of Saint Felix, who had frequently given them an asylum. " The search ot pursued 'with so much activity, that it is im possible the malefactors can long escape." Fronahe Memorial Bordclai.O. I 3 LOOK ADE OF PAM PEIXNA A n0.51t.---We form part of the nth corps .d'armiee under the 'orders of Maiihal Lauriston, who came yesterday to see Is t , Convoys of munitions of war for the siege arrive daily,.• and there are already collected more than eighty pieces of heavy artillery, with ., • out t aki ng into account an immense quantity of projectiles. Our friends at Pampeluna are, it ap pears, more enraged than ever. Marshal Lauds.' ton yesterday communicated to them the rapitu lation" of Ballasteros.--- That General, after having made his submission, ordered that the fortified places - under his command should surrender, but the Constitutionalists whom, we blockade, made nothing of that submission, nor'did they at all regard what was said to them about recognising the Regency. When the Colonel of the 2d Hussars, who was sent by the Marshal, talked of the captivity of• Ferdinand, • the Governor , (Salvador) so conducted himself in reprnatlying the Colonel for insulting an heroic • nation, that the' latter thought they were imme diately going to arrest him. [From the E!oilc of Thursday.] 11 is Royal llighnesst the Puke of Cumberland yesterday morning visited the Chateau of Ver.. sallies . and. Trianon. M. the Marquess Olivier Verne had the honour , of receiving and accom panying the Prince, and of entertaining him 'at dinner. Death has taken from his family and numerous friends the Prince Bethune Restliguel, ant-General, Prince of the Empire. tie died at St. Cermain-en-Laye, at a very advanced age. It is confidently said, that the Generals Counts Molitor (commandant of the qd corps), ininot (Major-(en.), nordesoult,Tirlet, Buurck, 800 rmout, and Linverdo, ar•e about to be elevated to the Peerage.--(Pihrte.) •COlt U,N -nu, following diary of events at Commit% nnd its vicinity, from the id to the 11th inst. inclu sive, has been supplied by an Engliitt gentleman t• resident there : `A trousT 2.—The French General at Ferrol has issued an .Ortier foil() Seamen to nesn'the gun-boats there, hurdle Spanish sailors et Ferrol have refused, and run away, saying they would not fight against their countrymen at Corunna ; in consequence , of winch. the French General has arrested, and put their wives sad families into prison, in order to compel them to discoVer .the retreat of the sailors. 3d.--A very heavy firing this morning: a captain of the ar. Aillery walking in the strcet•called Calle St. Andrew, was killed by a musket-ball from the enemy ; and a poor girl bringing a ,pail of water on her head from the well, was shot through the .cheek' in coming down the Call& Real ; two poor children have also been - allot this day ; the` cruelty of the enemy is beyond 'description, in firing on these poor innocent and ineffensive people. An engineer officer, while looking through a spy:glass on the 'batteries, has been shot through The head this morning. 4tll.—Provisions now become very dean ; meat has risen to reels per lb.--an uncommon price for t h is plitee--about *English, and before the siege it was only two-pence per lb.— Bread is also very dear, and no. vegetables to be had, as the enemy . has cut oft all communication with time cou ntr y ; and whet is wane, water is beginning to be very scarce, as the enemy'have'destroyed the aqueduct that supplied the town with -water, and the weather being now very hot, the want of water is much felt. The greatest ecitecity of fi rewood—also prevails ; the people are burning. their furniture. to cook their meals,and in a few weeks More, if saint! wood does not arrive, the people evilllse without a ny means of making fires, and, consequently must eat raw provisions. sth.--The enemy have succeeded in getting four guns (24 pounders) from Feteol, but they have; not yet been able to loftier themam the batteries that they have erected on the hills of Santa Margaretta and near the windmills. All the French troops at Ferrel have left it and ,joined General Baur& and his feree before Corunna ; the garrison of Ferrol now consists of Lotto, and hie band of facticsus, as they are called. A small 4esselis arrived this morning -from Santora'.; 'she brings the distressing intelligence that that br:fve garrison it in agate of starvation. • tith.—This morning at daylight the enemy - appeared in greet numbers dose to the town, when the batteries opened and kept up a fire on them till about two o'clock, when the enemy sent a flag of truce, and summoned the place a second time. [See the summons and Governor's answer annexed.] The answer seas delivered by the Chief of the Staff to the French officer who came with the tiag pf truce, and ten minutes_ was allowed him to 'depart at the expiration of which time the firing com menced:at beth.sides with cannon and musketry ; and at the tome time tworrench frigates,' two brigs of wax, and two gun ..beats, came into the bay, and mood near That part of the city celled Orzan, and commenced a heavy firing; but the bat teries from the town soon obliged them to desist, and sheer off ter sea_. • Time, enemy constructed four batteries, and mounted three .24 pounders on each, on the hills of the mills , _ and at the +(doze, which - command the town, and at 6 o'clo c k in the even. ing opened a heavy fire on the town, :nil kept it up all night without intertnisaion, throwing in shells, grenade s , and cannon. shot ; they (Erected their tire. chiefly to that part of the city call ed the Piscardina, - which is the finest and must tile rant putt of the city, where the merchants reside, and particu larly on the Canton de Lacy. In the streets called Calle St. Andrew, St. NI. chola, and Cordelria, their fire has done great mischief; it was dreadful to hear the cries of the women .and children all night. Early in the evening several houses were on fire in those streets, and when the French perceived the poor inhabitants bringing water to put out the fires, they in the Most cruel manner corn meneed -a heavy fire of, grape-shot , on .those poor innocent people, and killed and wounded, several old men,. women, and children. 1 have been myself to the hospital to see the poor creatures , w i t h s hattered legs and arms, which they bear with pa tience, and only wish to live to be revenged on their cruel invadens. The firing was kept up all night by the enemy, and did not cease until five o'clock of - the morning of the 7th. Lieut.-Colonel `Don Pedro llarco, a most valuable artillery officer, was killed about nine o'clock at night; and also Lieu tenant Jose Nunez. and several artillerymen. The inhabitants are clierfnl,'and do not despair; the men all, old and young, are under antis and ready to fight, should the enemy attempt to storm the town; the women work at the batteries, and bring sand bags, and all the Materials that are used in constructing batteries and breast.works. 7th.—This morning two French frigates have arrived, and . . joined the others, so that the naval force of the enemy now' consists of 4 frigates, 2 brigs, and W gun-boats. The inhabitants are most anxiously looking out every day for provisions from England ; they say they never will despair while the-English •re their friends, anti they know if the good people of England could witness the distress and misery that now prevail in the city of Corunna, they would send some sup ply of pro Visions to Lida brave people. Aims and accoutre ments, and ammunition, are not wanted: Bth and 9th.— The enemy very silent . 4 not a shot from them : they have withdra'tvn their guns - frorn their batteries, arid have fallen back, as they were in dread of being attacked in their rear. 1101.—We have : this de" , feeeived the tews,.that in conse— quence of the town Of this, not-being in a,proper state of de fence, the. General there :thought beset° abandon it r he -there fore disrmaided the castle, and spiked all the guns in the forts. and has retired with the troops to Orinza, andjeined General Palbuva. : . • •• • SECOND SUMMOICS,Y,ItOaI GENERAL fIOURCK TO TILE CITY OF CORI724NA. ARMY OF SPAIN..--IsT Colas, 2D DIVISION. Canip.infrontof Commie, Aug. I will tilt repeat to your Excellency the advantageous pro posals which . 1 directed to your predecessor, 'in the name of his Royal Highness the Duke of Angouleme I cannot do less than confirm and assure your Excellency, on my word and honour, that the will' be executed, if you accept them : coin pare them with the inevitable events of a place taken by , force. I offer to your EXcellency a eurity, or the future lot of the whole garrison. AVoitlil you, then, prefer captivity, and all the harror:s of the siege ? My frankness Is well known ; never have 1 made use of treachery or deceit; all Galicia, with whose anti- Ihries you may reckon, hag submitted to the obedience of Don Fernando Septuno ; and my troops, with those of General Mo rino, have entered Vigo. For one part, your means of defence are diminished at the same rate that those of the attackers are augrnented. You have seen the French cruisers in the bay, and you cannot be ignorant, 1 should think, that my artillery is mounted, and ready to destroy a town that 1 should wish to save : and I assure you, on my word and honour, that this is certain. I conjure you, then, Senor Governor, that you should submit to his Royal !Ugliness the Duke of Angouleme, whose person I reptesent : the town of Continua will remain in deposit, to lie delivered, n the King of Spain when he ceases to be captive. It is, then, to yeti, Senor, and to Spain itself, that your Excel lency would surrender it : on the contrary, your Excellency will be responsible to all the military of the garrison for the loss of their commistions, and to the inhabitants for all the misfor tunes which are the consequences of a besieged town. I sup- Pose, Senor Governor, you have affection for your King, and that you do not wish to deprive his Majesty of those officers who would serve him well. I believe your Excellency hu mane: can you, then, behold without horror all the misfortune of a population reduced to the worst and last calamities ? - I hope,'Senor Governor, that you will not hesitate in accept ing those Prepositions that do not in the least tarnish or stain your honour. The means of restoring peace and felicity to your country rests with your Excellency. I transmit a (silly of my former propositions, in case your predecessor should not have judged proper to communicate it to you, I have the honour to be, Senor Governor, - With the highest consideration, Your Excellency's obedient Servant, DOURCK, Lietit.-General. ANSWER. Most excellent Senor—l am prepared and deCided, with the whole garrisen of this place, to maintain it at all costs, as our oaths, our honour, and fidelity to the Constitutional King de. mond , WhoM we ,in no manner consider a captive, as the most. recent news informs us, and particularly his Majesty having lately the goodness to name me ad interim Column. tiant of this district, and consequently General.in.Chief and Governor of this city. . Would it, then, correspond with - his confidence, if- I delivered up the place to your, xcellency, who p'esent yourself us his enemy, and the enemy:of the Spanish nation t • • Those same horrors with which your Excellency now threaten us and the innocent people of this town, have indeed moved my humanity.; but they haVe not diminished my resolution to defend the place ; and all the evils which the proprietors and inhabitant sull'er arc broulht on them by your Excellency. And since the means of avoiding _those evils rests with those whom your Excellency names paciflcatori,ond friends of King Ferdi nand VII., why would you,' Alien,- destroy a place, defended by his subjects, who consider hint at full liberty P The latest news from Vigo, and other provinces of Gabeio, do not agree with those which your Excellency has sent me, and I ani certain that myself and all this meritorious garrison wiil mike your Excellency know it Very Noon. ' Clod prerierrie your Excellency many years. FRANCISCO NOVELLA, Covermo, Corinna, Bth August, Ma. Ito - Y - AI4 'NAVY, &c. Pon TastoUT, Ana. 23.—Thitt afternoon Vice.Adritiral Sir Harry Bonin' Neale, Bart, G.C.11., embarked in the Revenge, 70, with Sir . George Nayler, lint., and sailed for Lisbon and the 3lediteranean. Sir George Nayler, Garter Principal King of Arms, is gone to Lisbon to invest the Kin! , of Portugal, with the Order of the Garter, recently conferred upon him by our gracious Sovereign. Sir Harry gave an elegant dejenne a lu finirologte on 'Wednesday, to Lord Viscount Melville, Admirals Sir Win. J. Hope, &C.D., Sir James Whitahed, and a party of naval officers. Lord Melville's arrival on board, and de.• parture from, the Revenge, were announced by distinguishing salutes During the passage of the Success to Quebec, a man fell overboard, in a heavy gale of wind, when Lieut. Church, the agent on board, immediately jumped into a gig on the quarter, anti calling for volunteers, was lowered down, at great peril, and the man Was Wed. So high was the sea running that it was nearly an hour before the boat could rejoin the ship. *Ma jor Fitzgertdd and the Officers of the 37th Regiment, addres sed a letter to Lord Dalhouse and to the Transport Board, ex. Kmiec of their admiration of Lieut. Church's humanity and courae. This morning arrived. the Loyal Briton transport from the West Indies, having on board detachments (invalids) of the 4th, Silt, Ott, 21st, and 35th regiments, royal staff corps, and royal artillery, in charge of Colonel nonce, of the 4th regiment. They embarked at Barbadoes on the 15th, and sailed on the 17th of July, and touched at St. Kitt's on the 2 1 st •of July. His Majesty's ship Forte. Sir Thomas Cochrane, was at St. Lucie, going to Trinidad. The Valorous, Surinam, Balette., and Esk, bad gone•to Jamaica. This afternoon arrived the Riga Foster, Master, from Ma tetras, in the isle of Cuba, in t hirty-five days, to wait for orders. She brings no news from the Spanish main. The pirates had done nothing lately against the trade of any flag, although the whole of the natives of Cuba are concerned in the piracies. The American squadron had lately, by two open boats, captured a pirati4 schooner and barge, though manned by upwards of 70 men, of which number 23 were killed and wounded, four were made prisoners, anti the remainder escaped into the bushes. --- The Eden, .Captain J. Lawrence s C. 8 ., arrived at the Havannah, on the 4th -ult.. from Vera Cruz, with a million and a half of , specie On board, for that place and Jamaica. ;We are happy tp state the arrival of the Madagascar frigate, Lieut. Nepean, acting, and Dauntless, Capt. G. C. Gambier, at the Cape of Good hope, from Bombay and Ceylon, whose ar rival home may be directly expected. Apprehensions were en. tertained ter the safety of the Madagascar. The 'Glasgow, 40, Capt. B. C. Doyle, is expected to sail shortly for Bermuda, taking out Commissioner 13riggs, and afterwards conveying thence Commissioner Lewis, to Malta. The Thetis, 411, Sir John Pifillimore, is expected to aail from Plymouth, on Tuesday next, for the Mediterranean , to relieve the Cambrian, Capt. Hamilton, C.B. whose term of service has expired, The Naiad frifte Capt. Hon. R. C. Spencer, has returned to Spithead, hav ng MAC e three :lays trial of a new main mast, with which She was fitted, on a principle recconunended by Sir Robert Se pings, combining economy in the original construction, faCility in reparation, with service and durability equal to tlwse commonly used. We understand the report of the trial is very favourable: t)n 'Thursday the Mersey, WI, Capt. J. M. Ferguson, sailed for Bahia, to join Commodore Sir Thome Hardy, ' Bart., K.C.B. Remain at Spithead—Seringapatam, Naiad, Camelion, and Swinger, Oa Thursday the Borodino transport, Lieutenant Andrews, Agent, sailed from Cowes, with stores and 'provisions for the Cape of Good nape, to embark detachtnents of regiments sta tioned in that colony. She returned to Spithead to-day, to wait for a fair wind. TheSwiTigergun.brig, Lieut. Scott, with the Joseph Green, transport. for Sierra Leone, got under way this afternoon. ' but were recalled by signal. They will proceed to.morrow morn. in g, should. the weather continue moderately line. The James Sibbald, for llombay, remains, under refitment. The Royal George steam vessel, will sail hence for the ports of Spain and Portugal, at the latter end of next week. Sixty passengers have engaged to proceed by her. We understand Sir George Eyre Is expected to sail about the middle cif next month, in the Spartiste, 78, Capt. G. Falcon, for the Soith American command. The Trinculo, 10, Capt. Rodney Shannon, has captured an American schooner, laden with tobacco, worth 10,0001., and taken.her into Cork. RECIPROCITY OF BUTTES ACT. PETITION .of the LONDON SHIP-OWNERS against any ORDER of COUNCIL being Issued under this Act. , . TO THE LORDS OF HIS MAJESTY'S MOST HONOUR. ABLE PRIVY 'COUNCIL. . , The humble Petition of the Sbip-Owners of the Port of Lon - don; SitEwErix,s—That the Bill to authorize his Majesty, under certain circumstances to regulate the duties and drawbacks on ,goods imported- or, exported, in foreign vessels,— w hi c h d ec l ares it to be expedient that his Majesty should he " empowered to " allow the importation or-exportation of any . pods, wares, " anti merchantlize, when imported or, exported :l n foreign yes. " sels, from br to those countries in Which no tither duties are " charged or other drawbacks, bounties, or allowances granted " upon the importation or exportation of any goods, wares,. or " merchandize, into or from such country, Id British vessels, " than are charged, or granted upon such gittods, when im. " ported or exported into or • from such countries in foreign " vessels," —having passed into a law,' and yottr Petitioners being the more convinced the more they have inquired and re flected upon the subject, that if the pow ers g i ven to y ou r Lora ships by the said pig s should be acted upon, and the rules thereby laid down be applied to the trading Intercourse between this kingdom and the rest of the commercial world, (particu. lady the Northern States of Europe), the most destructive con sequences must result to the merchant - shipping of Great Br'. tain, and thereby to the nursery of seamen, which it is the means of maintaining. Your. Petitioners—as individuals prac tically acquainted with the subject—feel it to be their duty to Inakethe present most solemn appeal to your Lordships, against the adoption of measures so ruinous to British shipping, and of such infinite danger to the most important national interests; or, at all events. they do knout your Lordships to defer the same until you sliall have received that evidence which your Petitioners have been .prepared.to giee, if an opportunity had been afforded them, upon the important tmestion„ of whether the British Ship-owner will eventually be likely to retain any, and what portion of the trade with the several ship.building States of Europe, if the protection by differences of duty and drawbacks, and allowances, which have hitherto been found necessary, should be withdrawn. ' That your Petitioners have no hesitation indeclaring to your Lordships, as their most • decided conviction, that the disad vantages to which the British Shipowners would be thereby subject, would be such as to make it impossible for there w compete with the shipping of other countries, particularly those in the North of Europe; and consequendy, that the greater part of that portion of the British trade with them, which the British Ship-owners now enjoy, will eventually be carried on by the shipping of those -countrieee in like manner as the in. tercourse with the United States, under the same system, is chiefly carried on in American shiliping. That the Petition of the Ship-owners of London to the Ho nourable the House of Commons, against the said Bill, contains extracts from the official accounts, which clearly chew that the amount of British tonnage is annually diminishing; that Bd. fish ship.building is rapidly declining; and that of the late increased trade with Norway, Prussia, and Sweden, foreign shipping has had much the greatest proportion. • That in the discussions in the-House of Commons upon the said Bill, the evidence afforded by those extracts from tile official accounts was opposed by further quotations from them, which shewed, diet the number of arrivals of British ships. in the year.lB22 exceeded, by 1,474 shim and 426,425 tons, the number of arrivals in the preceding year. That, upon this head. yaur Petitioners humbly beg to sub mit to your Lordships, that•although an increase .in the number, of repeated voyages made in any nue, year might be evidence of the increased trade of the country, it would by no ineans fol low that the shipping interest was therefore in a flourishing state. With respect, however, to the fact itself, your Peti tioners beg leave to observe, that although the official accounts of the number of vessels arrived in Greta Britain (including the arrivals front Ireland) exhibit an increase in the year 11122,' beyond that of 1821 (as above stated), yet those. accounts also' chew, that the number of arrivals in the United A ingdont, in the year 1022, (which, your Petitioners lititubly submit, pre sents the correct view of the object) was only 2H eessele,,and 64,204 tons bey ond those isei!i 2l t and that if the compari so n of the arrivals n the year 1022 be made with those in the y ea r 14.0 , 00ve r, beg in stain nt to your lowd4 1020, there itea falling Mr of 193 vessels, and 4,433 tons ; and that if the comparison be, made with. the You I.litii, 'the fallinsi off is 1387 ships,'anti 145;51)1 tons. , ~ .. • That your Petidoners, ships, tbatin ordat. t n se e , A l esete of the •fereign trade of tb t a i country, the account oho lei pilots exclusive qf Ow yank o p hips arr i ve d l a t hi s rs Joi.S friln Ireland ; when it wil appear that the arrival' in thetTnittaKingdortill'omforeige Neil by no more ti tan zit) t v n ec t .se ity , e a a n r a l s lir in e w ace n e m d , cl those i n t I t ° ll l' arrivals in 111.22 werit less than in 11129 by 311. ships, and 1800 tons, and less t h an in 1019 by Ilk/ships. rand 130,1190 tens. That, on the occasion of thooe difitnnutiOnl i in PaliianlClll, your Petitioners perceived, with 'the most palefid feelings, th e pre. valence of great misapprehension on the part of thoxellonourame Members by whom the Bill was supported i • on the subject of the relative durability of British and Foreign Shipping; and of the power of the British Ship-owner to - build, build, equip, and navigate his ships, upon such terms as to enable him to compete with, hie rivals in the north of Europe. That your L'etitioncrs itte prepared to prove to your Lord ships, that the maintenance of such competition is impossible ; and that it must continue 114), notwithstanding any remission of duties on articles in the building and equipment of ships, which It may be in the power ofthe Legialature to grant, as the Uri. tish Ship.o*ner will always haie to struggle against the effects of freight and expellees on the materials necessary for building and equipment ; and likewise of indirect taxation, which raises the price oflabour, and extends to every home production used in their construction ; together with the unavoidable and ins. portant difference in the expence of protlitione and wages, which still remain, and form an irremediable disadvantage; and your Petitioners trust that the matter will appear in the same light to your Lordship when you consider the following circumstanc ts, viz.:- i let. That no vessel is entitled to Registry, Milos British built, or prize. - 2d. Thtt every British vessel must be 'manned with a Master, And three-fourths of the crew British seamen; and if exceeding 80 tons must have a certain number of apprentices, according to their register tonnage. .3d. That no Bridal' 'vessel .can be repaired in a foreign port, (unless such repair es may be absolutely necessary to enable her to return home,) to an amount exceeding 16s. per ton. • 4th. That any sails'iiith which it may befound necessary to provide a British ship, in a Foreign port, are subject, on the vessel's arrival, to a duty of 1041. 9s. 2d. per cent. ad valorem. 6th. That heavy duties are in like manner chargeable on any on anchors. which a British vessel may shpaarres occasion ,cab le s , cordate d provide in a foreign part. That the effect of these burthens, with the other duties and charges to which British Shipowners are liable, (as your Pe titioners are prepared to prove,) is, that a British ship cannot be built and equipped for less than from 141. to 231. per ton. While the Prussian pays from 71. lbs. to 10/. ditto. The Swede and Norwegian about 7 1 . ditto. The Frenchman about 10/. That the disproportion in the wages and victualling is not less than in that of the cost of the vessel, vit. present rate of wages for British seamen, 455. to 565. per month, according to the voyage t— - The average may be . s 60s. per month. Prussia, 245. to 265. - average 2 5 5. ditto. Swede,, s. fid. to 20s. . . 17s. ditto. Dutchman - . M. ditto. That the difference in the expellee of provisioning being ex. trendy Variable, cannot be stated with accuracy, but is In pro. portion to that of the wages. The result of all which is. that the foreigner Inman advantage of 40 per cent.- in the employ ment of his capital over the British Shipowner. That under such disadvantages, nothing but the protecting differences Hof duty, drawbacks, &c., and fists co.operating regu. Wiens of the Navigation Laws, have hitherto enabled the Bri. tish Ship-o wners to com p e te with those of foreign powers; and, therefore, troth Petitioners submit to your Lordship's, that if that protection be withdrawn, the exclusion of the British Ship owner from a participation in many of the trades with other countries will be i ne vit a ble ; whilst what remains will be un. productive of income ; and that, in the event of war between Great Britain and any other power, which would subject Bri. tish shippi ng to war exig ences, all the considerations herein submitted to you r L or d Lordships would apply with double force, especi a ll y if any further permanent stipulation is made with other c ountr i es as to d u ties. That in support of what is thus set forth, your Petitioners beg to state to your Lordship*, that previous •to the protecting bounties on certain articles exported in British ships, the whole of the trade to Ilamburgh was carried on in foreign vessels;.— that, at the present time, British ships have but a very small proportion of the trade of. the world not carried on from or to British Ports; (as will be evident from the fact, that out of 203 vessels arrived at the free port of Ilamburgh between the lit of January and 3d July, IM3, only about twelve were British;) and that, at the present time, Prussian vess els ar e engaged for freight at 20s. to 225. per load, for the supply of his Ala. jest 's d.ock yards and the London marke twit h timber, &c. from Prussi a , whilst a lower rate than Zis. to 30s. p er l oa d will notyield to the British Shipowner an adequate remunera• non for the employment of his capital. That since the peace, our y Petitioners have been struggling against ruinous rates of freight, and immense depreciation of at iteEu a degree no thing inferior to that which the Agricul- The new Registry Act allows :Os. per ton. tural or Manufacturing Interests have sustained; and by Biel Navi'ation Act of the .3d of his present Majesty, together with the West India'lnterconise Bill, and the AVareliousing Act of last Session, foreign vessels,ate permitted to engage in various branches of the carrying trade, which, previous to the passing of those Acts, had been confined to British shipping., That under all these circumstances, and there being many branches of the carrying trade in which it is impossible for grid sh shipping successfully to coMpeto with forvgners with obi. the aid of ionic advantages in respect of duties; Lit Petitioners Most earnestly enlaat, that - your I:ordships will be pleased not to exercise the powers given to you by the A et. of , Parilabiehe in Cineltion:ivltheut Atroliting them Etn:op— pdtffir4ty of proving to your I.srdships in what manner and degree the interests of British SbiPping will be thereby affected. And your Petitioners will ever pray. • - • London, Aug.' 4, 1823. FOR, THE SUN, TO THE POLITICAL ECONOMISTS. Mn..Enoron, The last Letter was intended to shew . that: the liberal new free principle laid down in this country for the Transit of Goods, Wares, and Merchantlize r tagether with the remission of Duties and other all6Wances, as indul;encies Which have •been granted to nizeign shipping, axe all calculated to decrease the carrying Trade in British bottom', anti to decrease the number of our native Seamen. In this way we are de parting from the old English principle, andintroducingthote of nunlern Reformers, visionary Economists and Philesophers, which they are carrying to a Kremer extent, and which will be more dangerous and destructive than those set forth by our enemies 1 .and, were lay . ' them considered quite sufficient to cause our ruin, which if they had effected, their intention was to erect a new edifice of } rench dominion at sea,: upon the ruins of the British Empire. The first and most desperate ex periment which our Economists are making, is what they term a free and fair reciprocity of Navigation, such measures three. ening the utter ruin of the country, are of too serious and. vital a nature to be passed over in silence; " or, like a summers cloud without Our epecial wonder." As the encouragement now given for the employment of foreign Seamen will lead to the rapid decline of the British (the natural defenders of the country), these are subject too interesting to lie long domwrit or concealed, such measures will soon force themselves on the public *attention in Spite of all the delusions which have been Practised by the school of Economists, or by the Foreign Con suls, Brokers, and Merchants. It will soon shew - its hideous features to the British Nation, _they will then find it a Hydra headed monster of foreign production, which will require all the energy of Britain to strangle.—for Strangled it most be, or inevitable ruin will fallow. The dectotse of our shipping has' already 'taken place, this cannot he concealed by any sophistry, : the decrease of 140,00 tons of British shipping is plain and palpable. This fact the Ectmo nists have reluctantly acknowledged. But the consolation lie d out is, that they will be umeli benefited by the decrease, thus while other classes erteotigratulated on an improving increase of trade, the 'Ship . - owners and Seamen are inoeked by a btneficial decrease. There is something mistifying in the manner of pressing forward these degrading humiliating measures, hurtfni to English 'feelings. A Consul to a foreign state gains admittance into a. Ship-owners Meeting when convened to oppoai One. of the Measures : although professing himself an Englisliniati (bet not a Ship-owner) lie most strenously advocates theft con cessions—is this labouring in his vocation ? or noglit wa not 'inquire as Hamlet did of Guildatistem for what purpose this Gentleman eame—a" to say any thing but to, the purpoae.' 'When we couple this Gentleman's - language with what has fallen from higher authority . we find a close coincidence,, in their urging the necessity of Immediately conceding to foreign, powe • slit be to maintain them, yet she must . yield then inainrein ; might a t n h a es t e he irnevaisliottiogsivleanvaa.rretitlhaatt however England candeonrOabloiengtil to remonstrance or she will be compelled. to .shandon , them i I Now if this is the fact. It is a fact that should immediately be inquired into, not one day should belont uric tine hour. If any nation, or even all the Continental powers and America, have made such a threat-0.-ilt.the ;Apple of Eng land see and know their situation—or if there is no truth in the assertion, let the refutation of it be complete. such tsWopinion . has got into circulation and a question involving such an in terest should be investigated arid sifted faits source, as the safety and honour of this great country are at staki4, I rest. Less spirit anti ambitious designs of the European Powers anti` America have been sufficiently mapifest in:the PuLIV attempts which they haye made within the last" fifty years, to injure TA cramp the resources of Britain, which should put tie :on our guard to secure the happy natural advantages we derive fror4 our insular situation. (rhe,cooce,ssions which have been made are either ' ii4p . fing to. country, or they are a complete Bislictil clutnge chat system pf navigation which raised this island to the high 'pinnacle of greatness, and the natural question is wh change t 7: s qucasism should either be satisfactory solved, ,ale the Economist should not be suffered to proceed In their course of ruinous conciliation, until they shew clear and substantial proofs that the Aange will be beneficial, The names- who have raised and supported the old system stand as a tower of strength soaring in the clouds; and low indeed must we stoop; if to contrast them with the pigmy dwarfs who support the new. Then let us; pause, and stop this daring experiment, the State is of too much magnitude for experimental philosophy. We have the sanction and wisdom of ages, the substantial benefits derived from them, !Is tangible proofs for our unereng guide ; there is no mystery to solve, practical experience his solved the clues. tion I but like all new sects the Economists betray too much zeal for their new principles, every thing must be demolished forthem, to begin a new structure ! (and if they could trans port themselves to sonic new planet, we most certainly should be well rid of both them and their experiments, and wish theta them a boa voyage.) In this they betray too much zeal or shew a white feather, when they are urging the necessity of con.- eilieting foreign powers, and by sheaving a scepticism or univer- sal doubt, whether England can any longer maintain her rank and supremacy amongst other nations because " her wealth and power has inspired :other nations with feelings of hatred, jealousy, and envy toward her." Then, is the surrendering the means by witch this wealth and power was acquired the proper way to mainteih out rank and supremacy ? '1 seamen of this country never doubted this feeling of envy jealousy, anti hatred both towards them and their country\ but they never dreaded it I ! I Neither do they dread it at this time. Foreign nations may envy our situation—foreign nations may intrigue to destroy that power which they have felt and which they dread ! But let us be cautious that we are not cajoled and intrigued Mtn an act of political suicide; let us be cautious that we are not deceived bytuzzing flies and doubting philosophers. • Let us not " at one fell sdasop" destroy our ancient bullwOrks and defence which the actual experience of our forefathers deemed so necessary for the preservation of our rights and liberties, and which our own experience has seen put to the proof and confirmed. . But notwithstanding all those proofs, it is now evident that there are persons whO • have openly attacked the Na, vigation Laws and *lmo are endeavouring to sap the founds. tlon and undermine theM, and deceiving the ignorant under various pretences. Thus has England, after rendeting herself invincible at sea, in a few years of peace grown so weak and pusillanimous, that she can no longer maintain those laws.—Has England b e com e so satiated with wealth and luxury, so lost in effeminacy and so degenerated, as to despise the navigation by which that wealth and power was acquired—become afraid to etand firm on laws which she hat maintained, and maintained with so ninth nerve, benefit and glory, through so many successive ages ? Let us therefore inquire whether those laws are a permanent conspiracy against the industry of all nations—a disgrace to our statute book—an infringement on the laws of nations—so in_ vidious that they must be given up to conciliate foreigners; and that the celebrated navigation act bears the impression of the heart and soul of Cromwell ? It has already been shiewn who they were that brought for- Ward those charges 7 -the illuminati of France and Germany ! and taken up at second hand by our economists. Are the na rmuoledeolsf, and their they schools, agaa ye t ot r hskte la e lea l l a I a nwg s i ii o ie f ih o f ) na vigation laws, as handed down by our ancestors, any infringe ll ment on the law of nations, or by what right does any nation demand a relaxation of them from Great Britain 1 of T an h y e n co a i t n io m n o to n s r e e n g se nu o to f rightfo ita mLe ws r t ages hesopa n ros e pto v e e n r sso q ii u lties est m,e io as n in ed tanae t tv l io t e e nn, tthh th e prejudices of the people. '1 i l eu m m ode rn j od tm e .e rn qu re e f s ogi n genius, the productions, nay, ers ed'a Pi ll l r il igTo p — h a ers rui e P v il e i r la y n t t h h i r 4 Pi m lts uid " b d e levelled and remodeled to the ga sts reof u s ar rr e ul a ssi,l n es d a of u. ti their France, d d said of them wo shall find true. If we want to be punished, we may allow philosophers to govern us, and they would do more injury in this country than any other. Perhaps no part of the English law has been less understood by writers upon general policy t h an our Navigation Laws ; almost the whole of those who have written upon political economy, have regarded and denominated them atm commercial motropoly,and as a restric tion on the natural growth olcommerce, Dr. Adam Smith admits that the Navigation Laws are indispensible, as " defence, how l:hill what ea s ch ools todiieKn fo llowed,e ei nh;es the eo, ever,. is of more importance than opulence, the act of Naviga tion is perhaps the wisest of all the commercial regulations t f Englantl." But if we consider those laws with respect to the right of their enactment, or to the right of enforcing . the prinei ple ; surely none but the illuminati and economists will 1 a found to make any plausible objection. Every Government holds the indisputable right to promote the welfare of the pto. pie, to provide for their wants, and to provide for theirso.curity, that undeniable rights haVe been acknowledged in all ages, and made the foundation of all Governments, and the ground work of all commercial regulations; what are called the re strictive laws of navigation are only the same sort of restrictions whiCh every branch of English industry and capital receive, and.are protected by. But the Navigation Laws of England are not exclusively adopted by her, they arc, generally speak ing, the laws of the world • all the Governments Of Europe have had restrictive laws mid regulations, from the earliest known period, so far as each nation considers itself benefited by such regulation, and all have adopted prohibitory laws when tirannatancea required them so to do, without it ever being conaideied'as any infringment on the laws of nations. .The adoption of those principles by our ancestors was no more than a natural right, and arose from the most dire neces, sity, for after experiencing many cruel invasions, the fear of subjugation made them look for the means of defence,' and their insular situation naturally pointed to a naval defence, and the means or rearing it was by a commercial mtirine..-. Here we find the true • cause wily 'Great Britain:resorted to her Navigation Laws—the • now actual strength of our Navy, the greatness of our Commercial Marine, and the general wealth of the kingdom, are so many convincing pad conclusive . proofs of the wisdom of the ancient policy of our . ancestors. Net in the face of all this 'evidence it has been asserted that Great Britain has risen to her pre-eminence in spite of those laws. This is an ominous Note to come from high authority, and is deserving reprehen sion— as well might we deny the light or any other benefit Which the human race derives from that great luminary . ihe sun, as to deny the benefits which Great Britain has derived from the Navigation system of our ancestors—Would to God that those who are making so wide a breach in them had the' wisdom and fortitude to maintain them which their forefathers possessed{ It was by Navigation that England extended her conquest and her commerce to the four quarters of the Globe, and it is necessary to maintain that commerce when extended.—lt was those advantages which enabled , us to surmount all our aitfi. _culties, and to secure not only these kingdoms. but Europe, from impending ruin, and placed England higher than the nio , t sanguitie• mind could have contemplated, which gave the fairest opportunity of securing innumerable advantages to the country anti its navigation. Have' those advantages been 'secured? No! after the most triumphant career of naval and military glory, our enemies treat for peace, and a liberal peace it was, wherein negociation more efficacious than force obt4ined that which force could not. extort. Then came the pernieious and humiliating treaty of Ghent, which blasted the prospetts of British Navigation. This treaty, founded on a new untried theory, of a false and delusiveaystem of reciprocity, has thrown into the. hands of the United States of America nearly the Whale trade both to and from the United Kingdom to the Ihtited - States. This was the first fatal step that shewed the absence of is Chatham, or his son from the helm of the State. The greater part of the Newfoundland Fisheries was afterwards thrown into tins scale of the United States and the West India Inter -County, and Colonial Trade. Act into the bargain. This American Treaty of Ghent is the Pandora's Box of - British de pin-lacy; for nut of that most improvident measure spring all the evils which are now pestering and paralyzing, and which evontsaally-will ruin. the British Navigation. The evil genius of England seems to have appeared again at the Congress of Vienna, with the instruments of her destruction in her hand. lii this Congress we have been informed, that " iseemed generally felt that freedom of commerce was necessary to repair the injuries c*used by the yoke under which Europe bad groaned for ten years; almost all Governments re solved to introduce free commerce." In this way we find Eng land.a party to this Congresi, discussing the principles of free Commerce--England insulated. .and solely depending on her Marine, whose rise and progress to greatness is founded on re itriction (it highly taxed century necessarily requiting restrictive protection for capital and labour), becomes a party in a bort of military congress, and consents to 'a freedom of com merce. In this way England's best interests were bartered away to' conciliate' foreign powers..from the treaty of - Ghent a m n en d cet the i a Co n n e gr w eerass,Oaft'l.elrwiesny;sta4,mtlotef.elßreipitroikrit Gity.,ouvle;,thuincehnrtecciopmrol city they had every thing to lose arid nothing to gain, as it must be evident that all nations poor and needy will undersell and navigate cheaper than Great Britain, and will press forward the system to chain us of ou r wealth and resources. NO sooner was this liberal system known than we immediately find a get• neral movement of foreign interest at work, all eager to grasp . after the carrying trade of Britain. Foreign Ambessatiors, Consuls :Merdiants, and Brokers, and evidently giving erro neous infertnatien prepared to gull the Legislature, to induce them to remodel our laws to suit foreign interests, and .to place British subjects, highly taxed, in a situation of direct competi. don with beggary (no. One can stand such a contest without becoming a beggar). This new system alarmed many respect able classes, those interested in agriculture, woollens, lltlerit cotton, silk, and other branches. But they had the good for tune to repulse all ,the etlorts that werc.rnade against them (a' strange contest) to favour them with the ruinous principle el. reciprocity in s hyping ioq inresterte,eis t, their :l naa l nt e di n s c r a : p as e , d iilgt , :t a t ir; t : l e t roo e ewilml e ee s touli c inne e nsn l it i lter ti ant o dh n cesey of ta: : ded e efloi : amer t ten e eeeEr. i their new system, rindthat most decidedly both against their a tfislu U nirout t u kt .ela i l s ryb h cedo u entn rn a l a l sfn ia sruti t io ri oefriN ti,i fn itl conciliation further concessions are con-i r il e t ei ht p li ro w li c o u it r a y d rt . " elsewhere i" this is as it ty of tioeiiii T h a tvappgr;siti a r e o con . n.l it rie l lystnp l yoe r tt: i eroif t s h i ca fin h risgnoctlw l alidi : nhei a tl i e i h gfisntit a tllgs v en,eni : ), n rna i tunls b ri etea e ir c isl o tois t m rlhai: e esteetn q m—d ;i :ide i g t nt : hhttte a ur et o t i a ditl m eisn e dtao a animal notwithstanding reciprocity steppe r ich lutely h so far, that returning is more dangerous than to go on to object, b a j 's e e c e t n , da tl t i l e c7 l,lo Lion stherefor e, houundergold in ordr t the mild and simple operation of having all his teeth and nada drawn to render him less formidable-0 this the noble beast, With great humility, consented ; and now, on the truepriticiples of reciprocity, each of the once inferior animals will hereafter have the pleasure of reciprocally kicking the Lionfor his folly. t se r toae TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin—ln consequence of an erroneous state ment which has appeared in the Police Reports relative to the dismissal of Mr. JAMES BItANDOS froin Covent• Garden Theatre, t am directed .by the Managers to acquaint you with the exact ciri cumstauces, and to request ; your iusertiou of them. The misconduct of Mr. BRANDON rendeied it quite imperative upon them, both with regard to the security of their property and the accommodation of the pubfic i to remove him from his situation ; but, hi consideration of his age, and the length of time he had been in the Theatre, they were unwilling to make public the particular circumstances which led to their deter in:nation ; and are still anxious, on his account, to withhold the same, unless they should find it necessary to detail them. 1 t was proposed to give him a retired allowance Of 9.001. per annum,. if Mr. IlAttttls and Mr. Coign', the other Preprieo tors, consented tnit ; and it was ci nsidcredthat Mr. Mums, though not'at present con:eroed in the management of the Theatre, w( uld agree to his proprotion of the annuity, as Mr. rAtAsnoN's claims, if any, were on tho'e under whom he had served. Mr. Maim altogether declined, aileg• ing as his reason that he thought highly of Mr. BRANDoN's services, and totally disapproved of dismissing him. Mr. CONST, upon hearing the grounds on which the present Managers deter mined on that measure, altogether refused t° bear any part of the expence, considering Mr' BRANDON not entitled to any allowance what selves, toarisloetli: offered ever. Notwithstanding these circumstances, thel perwithou them, hu t t a h t felt unwilling to discharge a person of his age g a l l it l i o ilmi w e a h n aa c nd e, an a no n n d cul , iat t iym he sf r o e wr f h o l r ai e ftee o vo r efr ti til le sp i n g i . i s iu h m e d o e u c t l i o n condition that he quietly quitted their premises' f ed tl a w it i o r g o e w th t e r:rivate - parses, on The sub Sequent proceedings it is unnecessary •to repeat, they having been already detailed it s the Police Reports. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your very obedient Servant, HENRY ROBERTSON., ?Imre Royal, Covent-Garden, Aug. 23, 1823'