The Sun. — London, England, 1852-01-17 00:00:00

lIILLINGSGATE. Eels, 14s to I6s iTerFa;;:Toies,7 - 6(Tto 7s ed per dozen ; Lobsters, t'.d to 2s Od each; Oysters, 8s Od to 30s Od per bushel; Bloaters, is Od to is Pd per dozen ; Cod Fish, 2s Od to is Od each ; Turbots, 6s Od to 12s Oil; and Plaice and Sprats is fid to 2s per bushel. The prices of Wheaten bread in the metropolis are from 6%d to 7d ; of Household ditto, 4 1 ,E d to fid per 41b loaf. XIXDE IVIAREET. Market Hides, 561 b to 641 b, lid to l d; ditto, 641 b to 721 b 2d to r}d ; ditto, 721 b to 8016, 'ld to 24d ; ditto, 801 b to 881 b, 2id to 3d ; ditto, 881 b to 961 b, 3d to Sid; ditto, 961 b to 1041 b, 3id to 34d; ditto, lO4Ib to 1121 b, 4d to 4id. Cali Skins, light, Is 6d to 3s Od; ditto, full, 3- , Gd to 4s 6d; Horn Hides, 5s 6d to 6s Od ; Polled Sheep, 6s 2d to 7s 4d; Kents, 5s 7d to 6s Id ; Half-breeds, 4s 7d to 5s 11d; Downs, 38 7d to 4s 7d; Lamb Skins Os Od to Os Od. EAT mannvrs. SMITIIFIELD.—AIeadow Hay, 21 I.ls Od to 3/18s Cd ; Clover ditto, 3/ 6s to 41 7s Od ; and Straw, 1/ Os to 11 6s per load. A moderate supply. and a steady demand. CITAIBERLAND.—AIeLidow Hay, 2/ 13s to 41 Os Od; Clover ditto, 3/ 5s to 4/ 6s ; and Straw, I/ 2s to 117 a per load. Supply tolerably good, and trade dull. WIIITECHAVEL.—Meadow [lay, 2/ 15s to 3/ 18s; Clover ditto, 31 5s to 41 83 Od; and Straw, 1/ Is to 11 7.5 per load. Trade dull. COMIION PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.) 31ASTERS V. LOWTIII.R. Mr. FORTESCUE said he had to make an application to the Court against a sheriff's officer named Jones for extortion. By the 7th William IV. and Ist Vie., c. 55, certain lees were prescribed to be taken by the sheriff in all cases, and they were in the first instance to be fixed by the Masters and afterwards approved and affirmed by the Court. If any officer misconducted himself by extorting more than hie due, he was liable to be attached by either of the courts. It ap peared that on the Ist of January last, judgment was issued against Emily Lowther for 151., and 41. Hs. 6d. Execution was issued and delivered to the sheriff, who acted under it. Tne fees properly due amounted to 31. Is. 6d., but the officer made a levy for 21. lls. over and above that suns. The affidavits on which he moved for an attachment showed that the officer presented the defendant with a paper purporting to give the fees which be was entitled to, but he took this paper away, and refused to produce it again. On complaint being made as to the overcharges, he called upon the defendant's housekeeper, and offered to return 10s. 61., but she refused to take it. The defendant then went to the attorney wino issued the I writ; this gentleman communicated with the sheriff, and the officer again called and offered to return 1/. 148. 6d., but this was also refused, not being the full amount of the excess levied. The object of the defendant in applying to the Court was for the purpose of punishing the officer for his misconduct, as he acted in a very violent and improper man ner when he went to make the levy. The CHIEF JUSTICE said the Court Could not punish the officer for violence, but they could do so for extortion. The Learned Counsel had, however, said enough to entitle him to a rule.—Rule granted. BOW-STREBT—(THIS DAY). Christian Samuel Branch was charged before Mr. Henry with creating a disturbance in the Adelphi Theatre, and assaulting a police-constable on duty. It appeared that last evening, the prisoner and another person,'being in a state of intoxication, presented them selves at the box entrance to the theatre with a press order for the admission of two. But the cheque-taker refused to let them pass, and the prisoner boisterously insisted upon their being allowed to enter. He became so troublesome that it was necessary to remove him by force, and the policeman, in doing so, was assaulted by him. . . . Mr. HENRY considered it intolerable that persons in a repectable posi , ion of life should so degrade themselves by indulgence, and make themselves nuisances to the public at places of entertainment. He fined him 403., and the penalty was paid immediately. DRURY-LANE THEATRE. Sheridan Knowles's beautiful play The Hunchback was performed here last evening, when Miss Glyn closed her present engagement by appearing in the character of Julia. This has been one of her most celebrated impersonations, and she last night acted the part with her usual energy and intenseness. She understands the power of strong contrasts, and made excellent use of her knowledge in her delineation of Julia last evening. She was much applauded throughout, and was called on at the conclusion. Th e gem o f th e n i g h t , however, to our thinking, was the Helen of Miss Fitzpatrick. Full of life and gaiety, yet graceful and kind-hearted; over flowing with effervescent mirth, yet lady-like withal, Miss Fitzpatrick was the very Helen of the author. No wonder that Mr. Belton got on admirably as Modus with suc h an instructress. Mr. Anderson was effective as Master Walte r , and Mr. Cooper careful as Sir Thomas Clifford. The house was crowded. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. LINCOLN SPRING MEETING. Acceptances fur the Hurdle Stakes. Little Queen, I lat 21b—Chorister, 1 lst—llelford, 103 t 101b—Warwick, lOst 91b—Bullfinch, 10it 91b—Bedford, lOst 81 b—General, lOst 71b—Ormsby, lOst 51b-Illaria Monk, 10st 4 1b—Duchess, lOat 21b—View Halloo, lOst 10st Ilb—Secret, 9st 5113—Drayton colt, 9st 41b—Gaylad, 9at. Acceptances for the Handicap of 10 sous. each. One mile. Rhesus, 9 4--Ilangerford, Bst 121b—Ianthe, Bst 101 b —Killiquade, Bst 71b—Lady Jersey, Bst 61b—Abdallah, Bat 41 b—Watwick, Bst 21b—Bed Deer colt, let 51b— View Halloo, 6st 101 b—Diana, Est 101b—Lady Agnes, 6st 101b—Emma, bat 91b. Acceptances for the Grand Annual Steeplechase. Lucy Neale, list Ilb —Ace of Trumps, lost 71b— Little Queen, 103 t 21b—Come Again, 10. t lib—Forest Lad, 9st 1 111)—Johnne Barrie, gat 111b—Carrigg, 9st 1 Ilb—A Y, 93t 10'b —Maria Monk, 9st 91b—The Crip ple, gat 51b. THE ENGINEERS' STRIKE We understand that Viscount Ingestre yesterday called at the office of the Amalgamated Society, and had a long conference with Mr. Allen, the general secretary. The sub ject of the conference, however, has not transpired, although his Lordship is known to be desirous of seeing the unfortu nate dispute between the engineers and their employers brought to an amicable and speedy termination. Returns have been received of the votes of 18 branches of the society, upon the proposition of the executive council for a grant of 10 000/. from the general fund, to be devoted to the establishment of co-operative workshops; all, with oue exception, being favourable to the proposition. Applications were yesterday received from the society of co-operative smiths at Newcastle, and from the society of boiler-makers at Hull, for admission into the Amalgamated Society. The engineers of Manchester and Oldham held meetings on Thursday in those towns. BRISTOL, FRIDAY. —We are informed that the engineers working in the very extensive and important factory of Slothert, Slaughter, and Co., of th e A vonside Iron Works, have determined not to join in the strike of their brethren of London and other places, nor has any other person in the trade in this city been induced to join in the strike. THE CATHEDRALS OF SPIRE, MAYEIVCE, AND WORMS. eev rs. After centuries of desolation, th e impression of the Roman wind is strong on the works of theirs tacc Like bulwarks of their new faith, some of the asr and noblest efforts of the parent art ari se , beneath ;heist new influence, on the confines of the fallen empire, and from these strongholds, ai from fountains, the influence of the new dominion is poured out to lands untouched by Roman prowess. The numerous specimens of this stage of the art, which on the continent have been pre served to our own dAy, cannot fail to inspire us with veneration for the talent which designed, and the energy which executed such vast and imposing works, amidst the turbulence and ferocity of a semi barbarous popu lation. Of this class the cathedrals of Mayence, Worms, and Spire aro fine examples. The dates of their erection seem to be in succession from A.D. 900 to A.D. 1050, their succession in date corresponding with their position at nearly equal di s t ances a p art on th e r i g ht bank of the Rhine, ascending f rom M ayence. F o ll ow i ng this rule, Mayence first ,as the in date, and the first in position, has been m ost , affected by th e o p era ti on o f th e succeeding styles. Th e a long nave with a isles, i! nearly the same in each instance — both the east and wes short transept, and an apse at solid in appearance, t t ends. The exterior compact and towers ot simple foryme; variedth in outline by numerous bat massive and solemn. the e interior plain and severe, form,—the whole gram; anddetailsi strikingly classic in surpassed by the bolder itualP°sing to a degree, not beauties developed in the p g,naten and more subtle roauetto Builder, na of later ages.— INTRODUCTION OF LIEUT. To TUE EMPEROR IF RussiA.—By letters received at the R oyal Geographical Society, it appears. that recently Lieutenant Pim, th e gallant British officer who proposed a search for Sir John Franklin by way of Siberia, was honoured by an interview with his Majesty the Emperor of Russia, at the Imperial Palace at St. Petersburgh. His Majesty entered freely into conversation with him on his p r op ose d journey, and pointed o u t to him the difficulties, of an insurmountable nature, that lay in the way of its accomplishment, as reported to him by the Rus sian geographers, or otherwise he would have rendered him every assistance to discover, if possible, any traces of his missing fe llow -countrymen. The gallant young officer ex pressed his willingness to undertake the task, and to run all the risks of its accomplishment, if only furnished with the means, and implored the Emperor to give him the power to carry his intentions into effect. The Emperor listened with the greatest attention to all that he had to say, and was so far struck with his devotion to the cause and to pursue his er rand of mercy, that he requested Lieutenant Pint to put down his views in writing and present them to him, and if he saw clearly the practicability of his plan he sh ou ld b e most h appy to assist him in carrying out his benevolent intentions, Lieut. Phn quitted the palace highly satisfied with the result of his interview with the Emperor. PIECEWORR.—One very remarkable instance of great earnings, consequent on extraordinary skill, seems worth men ti on i ng . The wages of a founder in the metal mills amounted on one occasion to 225. or 235. a day, he Working by the piece at r a t es of pay men t l ess than were al lowed by Mr. Jellieo e a great private manuf ac t urer at Gos port. Si r Samuel ientham instituted a full inquiry on the subject, and found that the metal mill operative had happen e d that week to hiive.been employed on very difficult brass cast ings, and that he was expert enough to rarely fail of success, though ordinarily, iu other hands, several imperfect castings bad to be rejected for every one that was accepted. Sir Samuel of course sanctioned payment of the full sum set down, and had the satisfaction to teal that Government were gainers by its great amount so arising, for much fuel was saved, as also that loss of metal always consequent on a re-melting of imper fect cast i ngs.--Vechanic's Magazine. WESTMINSTER HALL—For some days past work men have been busily employed laying down gas-pipes under I . l ° stone f looring of W/ estminster-hall. The pipes run along the sides of th e b u il d i ng, and temporary wooden lamp posts, aout a dozen in num'rare being placed at different st a le ntsand , The l ampl posts aiec ' onstructed alter the antique fo y r l be surmounted by lamps of a very elegant m , . They are erected in consequence of the hall being the principal entrance t he two H ouses o f P a l iamen t, an d w h en lit up will present a l showing the proportionv ery pleasing and picturesque effect, this m agn if icent hall. 3 and admirable internal roof-work of /tor AL ARTILLERY . Forty fine 3 oung men OOLWIC IEI, JAN. 16 dair tu char ge of seraou r i e t c uruits, arrived at he a d- q uarters to mon, from Lisburn, in Ireland. ~.... Is does ay. Ii N % 10t erej I. 40 d 4110, 3 0' )Cg., , re ea o ,keo W I w itboo' mod O r I to 101°' di a i f gom „ 00 36,5 get, bee o f 12Ib 7 1 so P THE SUN, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. TIMES.— The text of the French Constitution, which we have now before us in a more complete form, enables us to pursue the observations we have already made on the proclamation by which it is accompanied, and on the general tenour of these institutions. But even now it must be remarked that this scheme is rather an out line than a complete work, and that much depends on the various laws, decrees, and Senatus. Consults by which the projsct is to be completed. Such a Constitu tion secures nothing, for it opposes no direct or insur emountable obstacle to any acts of the Executive Power, though it might still, it liberally construed, leave a greater latitude for the expression of opinion than the declared adversaries of Parliamentary government had desired. Oi the powers assumed by the President in his own office little need be said, for they override every other portion of the Government. We remark, that while an oath of fidelity to the Consti tivion and the President is to be exacted from the members of all goveruiug and legislative assemblies, no oath is providers for the President himself ; but receM, - ex , ‘erienu has shown that moral restraints are power less on such men, and he has ceased to acknowledge any legal obligation to the rights of the nation. The Minis ters aro to by mere clerks of the head of the Government, and it is carefully provided that no such thing as a cot lectiie Administration is to exist. The President is himself the whole Government, assisted in each depart ment by a Minister. The duration of the President's office being limited by the terms of the pldhileite to ten ears, there is, of course, no ostensible c.aim to any hereditary dignity; but, by a singular provisier, it is I.roppsed that Louis Napoleon should have the power of leaking a tort of political " last will and testament" to designate his own successor, in case of death, a precaution which can hardly have been tkeu against any natural termination of his life and power. The most important and interesting section of the Constitution is that which defines the powers and composition of the Senate. Its members are to be irre movable, end named for life; the cardinals, admirals, and marshals are to have seats of right; the functions of members aro nominally gratuitous, though the President may confer on them an income of 30,000 f. at his plea sure. hut, on the other hand, only eighty senators out of 150 are to be appointed in the first year, so that the Government retains the power of swamping all opposi tion by a fresh nomination. The sittings are secret, and the proceedings unpublished. If such a body were constituted with any view to political or per sonal independence, it is invested with powers which might be used with advantage. Thus it is charged, like the Supreme Court of the United States, to oppose laws contrary to the Constitution, to the liberty of worship, to the liberty of the person, to inviolability of property, and to the permanency of the magistracy. In this indirect form a species of sanction is given to these principles, and the Senate would be bound by law to defend them. But these powers in the hands of a servile and dependent body may only be turned to instruments of greater oppression. They su persede the control of the ordinary courts of justice, and especially of the Court of Cessation, over constitu tional questions and public rights. Though placed, as it were, between the Government and the nation, since " the Senate maintains or annuls all the acts which may be submitted to it as unconstitutional by the Govern ment, or denounced for the same cause in pe titions by the citizens," this semi-judicial power loses all its weight in the grasp of men who have no independence. The persons selected to fill the station of senators may, indeed, raise the character of such a body by their own rank, services, or talents, and we await these nominations with interest. But hitherto all contact with Louis Napoleon's Government has been avoided by such men. M. do Montalembert has literally been obliged to hide himself in a pretended sick-room from the general indignation of society at his political apostasy. The probability is, that the Senate and the Council of State will be composed of men not more eminent or independent than those whose names have been madeto figure in the Consultative Commission. The President is armed beforehand with the means of giving or withholding from them a liberal income; and, in short, nothing is wanting to convert such an Assembly into the most pliant tools of despotism. The Legislative Assembly is, however, the greatest farce in this Constitution. It is to be elected by ballot a n d b y un i versa l suffrage, in the proportion of one deputy to 35,000 inhabitants, and to sit for six years, not ten, as was erroneously stated yesterday; but, as the electoral law is not yet promulgated, we have yet to learn under what limitations the suffrage is to bo exer cised. When elected, this body will have the sterile privilege of discussing laws it cannot alter by way of amendment, and of voting measures it cannot originate. Even the rep or t s o f i ts proceedings are to be confined to the minutes of the journals, for it is evidently the inten tion of the President to stifle all political eloquence and to shut up t h e feeble debates o f suc h a ssemblies withi n the four wa ll s of' one of his palaces. The President and Vice-President of the Chamber aro to be named by the Government and salaried by decree. No petition can be addressed to the body which represents the people, nor indeed are the people to have any mode of ascertaining what the actual conduct of their representatives may be. And, after all, upon the first act of opposition this Assembly may be dissolved or prorogued, and the Senate will provide in the interim " all that is necessary for carry ing on the government." Such a body has, there!ore, no original powers at all, and the pretended powers which aro speciously confer d upon it may be trans ferred on the least show of resistance to a more docile instrument. We know not to what extent the expecta- Lions of those who have judged most severely of the re cent ,acts and future policy of Louis Napoleon Bona parte may have carried them; but for ourselves we cer taenly anticipated nothing more fetal to the liberties of Franco and to the whole theory of Parliamentary go vernment than this Constitution. It gives to the nation no hold upon its representatives, and to its representa tives no hold upon the Government. Yet tho systematic Bonapartist policy, both of the uncle and of the nephew, has been to keep in the foreground the principles of the revolution end the authority of the people; while, in reality, nothing is retained of the more generous and enlighteuLd maxims of 1789 but the destruc tive consequences to which they unhappily led, and nothing is required of the authority of the people but to sanction the impostures practised in its name. The first step to the perpetration of such mea sures was the destruction of that publicity which is the guardian of all other liberties. From the moment that the press was suspended the nation ceased to know the events of its own history. Society is groping in the dark, unable to meet, to discer n th e course of the times, or to combine the most ordi nary express i on of opinion. Even now, it is only beyond the frontiers of France that the ci iticisin of a document which vitally concerns the French nation can commence; and even beyond its own frontiers the Government has endeavoured to tamper with the organs of public opinion, which it dreads. The effect produced even in France by the late decrees of banishment and deportation has for the first time shaken the conti deuce of the Dictator and his accomplices. Several of the r enons- proscribed by thet edict have not yet been sent out of Paris; and a second list of proscriptions, containing a large number of public writers and men of Parliamentary families, has been suspended by the in fluence of M. de Morny, The Government seems to rely for support among the educated classes only on the lavish distribution of its degrading honours;or on its un scrupulous p ersecu ti ons . I t ru l es me n by their cupidity or by th e i r t ears ; and, to the honour of the great ma jority of t h e upper classes in Par i s, i t m ust be told th a t its failure in the salons has been equal to its success in the streets.. It was one of the Imperial practices to crowd every drawing-room with spies, to watch every grade in society, and to bunt into ba nishment the women who still braved a greater man than Louis Napoleon. That system is already exten sively renewed, and no private meeting of hall-a-dosen guests in Paris is now considered secure. Yet, it is in vain to banish freedom from the political constitution, from the press, and the public assemblies of a nation, until it has sunk and expired in the hearis of men. A Government that promulgates an act denying all the rights and political usages endeared to the country by thirty years of independence founds its power in de fiance of all that is most vigorous and energetic among the educated classes in France; and this Constitution, though it be accepted now by those who sink alike under every form of government or oppression, will one day be thought as degrading as the fears in which it has taken its origin. ADVERTISER.—We yesterday published an outline of the new French Constitution, deferring the expression of any opinion on the character of the document, until it should be fully before us. We now give it in ertenso ; and we must say that we aro grievously disappointed with this new French Constitution, if it be not a misno mer to call it by the name. It never can give satis disposal,thaendraneoan; firtion to the people of France. If they acquiesce in it without resistance, or without remonstrance, it must be beca us , of the positive their of resistance are no longer at to them. We medium for remonstrance is accessible tvere disposed to make great allowances for Louis Napoleon's coup ddtat, solely in consideration that the majoete Constitution assurances . given us by the Government, i t r: the Assembly meant to resort, on t ß h u e t ea fo m r o s d u a c y h , a tyo d'itat against the President. now proclaimed, itution as that which he has It is Louis there Napoleon can ll be no excuse whatever. supreme power in France over. It throws the completely hands of the President hinise le etely into th e of affairs in that: country, instead of o pat the state the people, or, on the iLegi s l ature, depend dep"iding on on the personal character of the individual wlao entirely to fill the presidential office. A chief magistrate, pereonally favourable to freedom, ma y so adminis'tereituhge chairs of the country, us to insure practical liberty to the people of France ; but if, on the ot h er hand, the President be a man despotically disposed, the new Con stitution will enable him to gratify his tyrannical pro pensities to his heart's content. The President of tho French Republic is to be nominally responsible to the people, but there will be no reel responsibility. Louis Napoleon has so contrived to render himself indepen dent of the popular will, that France will be powerless any good purpose, while he furwill be all powerful for purposes of evil. One of the most objectionable pro visions of this new Cunstitution is, that which reduces the number of Deputies to 260. This exceedingly limited number will render the Chamber at all times subservient to the President's plea sure. The Chamb er w i ll be a mere i ns t ru ment of his will. It will be as senile as any of those so - called legislative bodies w hi ch are conft seedly mere ma chines i n th e halide of the absolute Governments of the Continent. Where the number is so small, the means of influencing the majority will always be at hand, no matter how despotic soever the purposes of the ruler may be. We know not on what pretext Louis Napoleon has reduced the number of the representative body to 260. The very fact of sobeing eepiug a reduction - determined on is, we fear, of evil augury as to the Way in which ho wears LONDON, , to govern France. We cannot reconcile the idea of a liberal and enlightened administration of public cffeirs with a reduction of the representative body from 750 to 260 members. The number of deputies, amounting as they did under the Provisional Government to 900, may have been too great tor that calm and methodical appli cation to business, which is so necessary to the legislative affairs of a great country bring properly transacted; but surely there could be no necessity for leaping to the other extreme, and reducing the Chamber to 260 members. And then the Deputies are (to be deprived of some of the most important privileges appertaining to the legislative character. They are not to have the right of taking the initiative with regard to the measures to be discussed. The President reserves to himself the sole right to do that. Nor will their opinion weigh much with regard to the more important parts of the Preeidentiel policy. lnetween the, powers which they President reserves to himself—the authority vsstecl in the Sentite—ihe rremberehip tor which, tey in our House of Lords, is to be for life—and the various restric tions under which the Chamber will have to exercise its functions, the Chamber of Deputies will be liole better than a mockery in the new Constitution of France. Tho legidetive debates, too, are not to be reported, except uneer the supervision of the President of the Chamber. They aro to be officially drawn up end copies forwarded to the various journals. What sort of reporting this will be it needs no ghost to tell us. Whatever is favourable to the President and his Government will doubtless obtain due prowl nency, while that which is the reverse will never be permitted to ace the light. The readers of the Parisian journals, under this state of things, will find everything us smooth and favourable to the existing powers as the most devoted of the President'. supporters could desire. Again, we say, that the new Constitution will, for all practical purposes, prove a gigantic fraud on the people of France. It is, according to our English notions of what Constitutions ought to be, a colossal fiction to call it a Constitution at all. Louis Napoleon may, no doubt, under it govern France, if he be so disposed, on the most liberal and enlightened principles, but France will not owe his doing so to the Constitution. They will have to ascribe the circumstance to the fact of his being personally better than the Constitution, in accordance with whose provisions he is about to swear, that he will administer the affairs over which he presides. Another most objectionable provision in the Napoleon Constitution is that which denies the people the right of voting by ballot. Without the right of secret voting there cannot, in such a country as France, be any proper exercise of the franchise at all. Univer sal suffrage, without the ballot, will be, in that country, a glaring anomaly. Nor can we withhold our most un qualified condemnation from that part of the Constitu tion which places it in the power of the President either to pay or not, as he thinks fit, the members of the Senate for their services. The hope 'of receiving their 30,000 francs each will make that body the veriest slaves on earth. The name of a Republic is still to be preserved, but, in the presence of the fact, that Louis Napoleon takes to himself the title of Prince President, the thing becomes a contradiction. If he takes the title of Prince President, how can he withhold from the nobility the titles which they enjoyed previous to the Revolution of 1848? The thing is an utter absur dity. The new Constitution would have worn a sombre enough aspect of itself. It would have been considered a document which boded no good to France, even had it not been ushered into existence amid ugly antecedents. But when we remember that it was preceded by a sus pension of the liberty of the press—by the establishment of a rigorous censorship, which it is understood is in tended to be permanent—when, which is still worse, every man of any note who had, by speech or writing, or in any other way, identified himself with the cause of freedom, has been either sent to a penal colony, or been exiled from France—when we reflect on these facts, we cannot divest our minds of the apprehension that Louis Napoleon has come to a determination to play th e despot. We shall be glad if events show that our ap. prehensions are groundless. We shall be pleased to see him turn out much better in practice than he promises to do on paper. But if he does, he will prove an exception to the great body of persons possessing supreme power. They have generally promisee much, and done nothing. It will be singular, indeed, if, while the President of France can hardly be said to promise anything in the new Constitution, he shall, in practice, prove himself the friend of liberty. But we repeat, we do not anticipate that. II ad he meant to administer the affairs of France in a liberal and lenient spirit, he would have inaugu rated his new Constitution, by granting every exile for political causes a full and free pardon, and a hearty welcome back to his country. Elected by 7,500,000 votes, and having established the most perfect supre macy which the bead of a Government ever enjoyed, ho could well have afforded to do a generous act of this nature. With a fettered press, and no other means of making their sentiments known to the people of France, these proscribed persons could have caused no uneasi ness, bad they been permitted to return to France. But that, instead of this, the proscription of political opponents should still be the order of the day in Paris—or at least was so a week ago—is a very de plorable fact, and one, we fear, which is sadly signifi cant of the state of mind in which Louis Napoleon will apply himself to the administration of the affairs of France. POST.—The seven millions and a half of Frenchmen who answered in the affirmative to the appeal of Louis Napoleon, on the 21st December, conferred on him, it must be recollected, not merely his position as Chiet of the State, but the power of making a constitution on certain bases, which were explicitly declared in the proclamation of the 2d of December, and which have been faithfully adhered to in the Decree of Fundamental Law just promulgated. It follows, therefore, that the character and provisions of this law rest, no less than the authority of the President, on the declared arse! free choice of the great majority of the nation. However the Constitution may be canvassed elsewhere by the self elected and eager champions of the French people, it is The u nel President instrument may of fairlyin France, and by th e F renc h tl.oaeselves, accepted as their th ebe r e t t ac means and constituency as Solonidid o f t h e Ath en i an d emo crats—" I have given the m not certa i n l y t h e b es t laws within say of his vast Government possible, but th e b est that t h ey are fit t o live ender." As might h ave b een an ti c ip a t e d, no less from the critical nature of the events in which it originated than from the terms in which it was proposed, the Con stitution is neither an elaboration of any specific theories, nor a means of sustainingn,ho hope or the power of any particular class or party. It is simply an instrument for carrying on, under a great emergency, a Government which circumstances have made it a task of immense difficulty to administer. It had become clear to the minds of the nation at large, that the restless, uncertain, wavering relations of political and social life in France had become a ruinous and intolerable evil, under which every interest of the country was rapidly sinking. The Executive had no strength to ordain the Democratic Le gislature, had no consistency to ensure, either progress or permanence in the settlement of great principles—in the security of important operations. From this feeling and conviction has arisen the fact that, since 1848, the whole current of feeling in the groat mass, not of the populace, but of the people, has steadily set in favour of the Executive personally, and of strong anthority as a principle. The popularity of the Pre sident has risen on every occasion, in proportion, not as he was disposed to concede, hut us he seemed deter mined to stand firm. The nation has long felt that the wild and noisome growth of its half century of revolu tion could never be cleared sway by a weak and divided power. The mighty energies of the great Napoleon kept down the mischief; the rashness of Charles the Tenth brought it into action; the cunning of the Citi zen King concealed, yet fostered it. The catastrophe of 1848 and its sequel exposed to the dismayed eyes of the proprietary classes the enormous height to which the dangers around them had arisen. The disasters which threatened to arise out of the dissensions and want of truth of those who guided the Assembly proved that a new power must be formed, a new source of strength created, to re-constitute that directing and control ling authority without which it was clear that France could have no hope of effecting anything to pre serve, much less to advance, her own internal prosperity. A long course of centralisation had accus tomed every class in France to rely on the Government for the promotion of all its objects, yet the whole ten dency of the Parliamentary force had been to triple and obstruct the Executive. When, in 1851, it became once more necessary to choose between these rival forces, the decision fell, not into the hands of the coteries of poli tical society—not into those of the secret societies and the populace of the great towns—not into those of the agents, the dupes, or the victims of selfish factions and furious democracy. The choice was made by millions, numbering among them the members of every class in the State, and the result is, that Louis Napoleon is the chief of the people—his Constitution the law of the land. Between such an event and civil war there was republican theorists on the other, had reached a point at which a largely trusted clearly no alternative. The monarchic parties on the one side, and the extreme re p u and concentrated supreme power could alone cope with of whose t 'in to whom this power has been given d o t li h e ree years' trial, ciples and objects the nation has ha a their ambition and repress their violence. The Prince is and on the strength of this test the p eo p le have been content to make him the trustee of those politicalh privi legesrd a battle has been fought on the field of France—for and liberal institutions for w hich so faor which so much has been said, and done , and suffered—for such noble blood had flowed—such high intellects struggled—about which such formed, in which dark crime has clustered. The Constitution which the President ha s obedience to this trust, on the model of the imp erial sys tem, professes in its first chapter , to g uard these privileges and institutions on the basis established in 1789. Ho w f a r it may do so—how far it may be directed to satisfy or re s ist democracy, yet not weaken or overstrain the ruling power, is la problem to be solved by time, and to be worked out under the direction of Providence. To assail tither:the Con stitution or its author with mere abuse is neither just nor wise. There is much in this form of Government to render a strong ruling power possible—nothing to forbid the existence of an intelligent and forcible representation of the p eo pl e h aving a considerable practicable share in the government of the country. The main strength in object t ave was that r s theh direction of affairs certainly rests with the Chief of I- p t r e o .w v Ea i provisional Executive, v ept that powers s i h t inevitable tehde should ihi t : h ei a :i t dn i e t onwtvia as constitu tional chosenbe —it was with that view that he has been trusted. His Head of the State, bound by certain laws, and pl e d ge d to govern through a certain system. The Constitution is, however, merely political ; it is pure legislative machinery. Important questions of social relations and civil rights remain to be decided between the State and the people. These have to the settled by organic laws, and in them will be doubtless foued the most difficult and hazardous points of the President's task. The two great sources of alarm which his bitterest opponents profess to entertain are, that he w ill extinguish freedom at home, and light up war SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 17, 1852 abroad. We believe in neither. His mode of dealing with power has shown a high ambition and a profound study. The ambition is that of re -constructing revolu tionizc I France—tlao study has been the life of the Era ! parer. I, it probable that sagacity so keen, patience so remarkable, application so intense, as Louis Napoleon has shown that he possesses, shoule have learned but half the lesson of that great life? Hays his eyes been so long fixed on the daring flight—yet failed to mark the signal tall? Will not the mind that has taken in so eagerly the end uring triumph of Napoleon's glorious works on the soil of France bear also a deep impress of the ruin which feel on his great career through the wild ambition of his march abroad. DAILY N EWS. --Great ( ffsrts are being made to get up a cry of " t h e coast in danger !" All w ho con ceive that politic a l profit is to be gained b y a panic re carding invasion, and a ll w h o di scern professional ad vantlge to accru e f rom increased armaments , are rea dy to swell the chorus of alarm, and to urge the demand for augmentation s of our naval force. One day w e are told that Sheerness lies defenceless, ready to be seized on by some piratical expedition of our continental neigh bours. Yet hardly 13 the apprehension uttered than ac counts appear of the mounting of heavy guns on the new batteries of the port in question; whereupon another turn is given to the affair, and from the fact just men tioned, occasi on i s taken to preach flesh terrors— for if Gevernmsnt were not seriously uneasy from sense cause or other, why would these guns be mounted fur tho first time, just nog ? Again, we are assured that Brighton might be bombarded some fine night after it had gone Peacefully to bed, and that Portsmouth may at any momtnt fall unresistingly into the hands of those unrivalled mariners, the modern Gauls. It is within the bounds of possibility that the good understanding Which f or so ma ny years has happily subsisted b etween the French and English Go vernments may be superficially disturbed by the iteration on our side of senseless cries. We say superficially, because we cannot believe that at heart the people of either country cherish any other thoughts than those of improved intercours e f or purp oses of business or pleasure , and of multiplied r e l a ti ons in every branch of trade and csmaierce. The sm a ll proprietor of France has as little to gain by war as the small shopkeeper in England. Both feel their annual payments to the tax-gatherer to be quite heavy enough. Th ey know very well what mili tary glory is made of, and understand pretty clearly what " a splendid victory" usuall y costs. So long as the Na tional Assembly existed, and the Paris press was free to utter whatever sentiments were likely to find an echo in the popular breast, we heard nothing of schemes for a descent on England. We are still inclined to hope— however we may denounce recent changes—that the people of France still feel d es i rous ot keeping up the cordial feeling which has now So long subsisted between them and the People of England. The Government of France has, it i s true, been alto gether changed since 1850 ; th e press and the Assembly exist no more. It is al so true that a waywar d and wanton misuse of power may more readily be com mitted by an absolute power than by a constitutional one. But there are countervailing considerations on this doubt declare war to-morrow without reasona bl e cause score of no trivial weight. Louis Napol eon m ight no against this or any other country in Europe; but the risk of eventual failure, even though at first he were to snatch a temporary triumpb,—must for him be greater than for any ruler who has presided over the destinies of France for many years. Military renown would pro bably contribute to consolidate his hold on the supreme power; but the example of his illustrious relative cannot tail to remind him that the éclat of a dozen triumphant campaigns may be more than effaced in the national chagrin at the humiliation and loss of one. A usurper cannot afford to fail egregiously in any great under taking; but, above all, he cannot, without recklessness amounting to insanity, afford to wage internecine war with a great and powerful nation. He may meditate en croachments partly by negotiation and partly by over whelming force upon those of his territorial neighbours who are too weak to be ever able to exact retribution. But to arouse wantonly the indomitable spirit and deter mined resentment of the greatest empire in the world— with no other hope than to win a burglarious notoriety for the hour—is, for a man in his precarious position, a somewhat incredible supposition. thedustyurpor should any thing id We ad m it at once, however, that the ultimate futility of any suc h a tt em pt s on the p o l i ti ca l i n d e pendence of Great Britain does not C e i x e o a n t e m ra e t a e ns ou o r fec rulers prot f t r i o o m n against of the kind be madly designed, now or at any future time. We consent to pay seven millions annu ally for the maintenance of a navy for this purpose. When, therefore, wo hear it said that " the coast is in danger," we have a right to ask, where, then, is the fleet? If not go o d f or t hi s , w h a t in the world is it good for? L e t us make pro v i s i on d e novo, by all means, f or th e coun try's safety; but let us, at the same time, retrench the 7,000,0004 which the naval force—wherein we have hitherto trusted—annually costs us. The fact is, however, notorious, that the existing fleet is more than doubly sufficient for all defensive objects, were it made use of in that way. We have ships of the line, steam. frigates, and trained gunners enough afloat; but instead of being kept within call, they are scattered ostentatiously and idly all over the world—some employed in very questionable occupa tions in the Indian Sea—some engaged in still more doubtful pursuits off the coast of Brazil—some floating indolently in the Levant—and, finally, some learning to rot in the Tagus. Let us take the last-mentioned squad ron as an example. By the last advices brought by the Peninsular Company's steamer the Iberia, we learn that on the 9th inst. there ley in the Bay of Gibraltar, besides smaller vessels, her Majesty's war-steamers Janus and Dragon, and in sight of the Portuguese capital no less than five vessels of war, namely, the Prince Regent and La Hogue (line -of-battle ships), and the Leander, Dauntless, and Arethusa (first-class fri gates). In the name of 7,000,0001. a year, what are these floating fortresses maintained for there? Are the war-steamers guarding the impregnable Rock against a surprise from the powerless Sp a niards or from the still more feeble M oors? And is a British squadron such as we have d escr i bed kept in the Tagus as a com plimentary guard of h onour of the wretc h e d female so p vereign whom the Portuguese compelled to pay for mis governing them? Donna, Maria da Gloria owed her original elevation to the throne of Portugal to British money, diplomacy, and blood. We went interm e d dl ing in matters that d i d not concern us; and our rewar d at the end of tw enty years is the conviction tha t t h e imbe cile monarch and corrupt administr ation which we contribut e d to i m p ose upon Portugal is only to b e ma i ntained in security a gainst popular dislike by th e presence of a British fleet at anc h or under the p a l ace windows. So litera ll y i s thi s de plorable and di sgraceful eta ement believe d i n Li s b on , that the standi ng reply to all inquiries as to w hy th e squadron does n ot occasional) se t sail and make a voy age elsewhere —if i t were forynothing but to keep the c rews in practicc—is, that political affairs are in so pre carious a condi t i on that there is no saying what might h a ppen wer e the Met to put to seat So that while it is pretended in E ngland that ou r own coast is in danger, w e are actually p l aying the gaoler over a n unfortunate cou ntry in wh ose internal affairs we have no b us i ness whatever to meddl e. If ships are wan t e d t o wa t c h ' call into Cherbourg or t o patrol the Channel, let t h e T agus an d 13rszl fleets b e ordered home to do the duty. Let us properly employ th e f orce we have, before t h e p eo pl e o f E n gland are ask e d to pa for mor e soldiers and sailors. If England need s d efence t Tagus fleet. play her natural de fenders. Fetch home h DRAMATIC PERF oRmANcE AT WINDSOR Upontfolli owing programme : - CASTLE. Txg performance The evening,second (dZarm7ajlt t the Castle took place this occasion, the A Planche Parts being Je, with the . farce of The Lottery Ticket, were selected COURT YEWSMAN.) WlNDSOR ,a fi c l o l e m dayc according d I ' l I g o DrtiAoY/3 the d NOT A Marquis de Treval BAD JUDGE. C oun t de Steinberg ". "'... Mr. R. Roxby. John Caspar Lavater • Guests, - Vill r ag er . s . : Mr. C. Fisher. Christian .- ... ••• ... ... Mr. C. Mathews. Betman ..• ... - ... ... Mr. G. Everett. Zug ••• .., ••• ... ... Mr. Harley. Rutley ... ..• - enery ... ... Mr. Clark. Notary ... .... ••• ... ... Mr. Graham. Fritz .. ... ••• ... ... Mr. J. Honner. Louise ..• ... " ... ... Mr. Coe. Madame Betman . . " .. ... Miss Robertson. Mrs. Winstanley. Guar . d - s, &c. TIIE LO Capias ... - l'E ltY TICKET. ••• Wormwood • ... ... •-• ... Mr. Lambert. ... ... ". mr -. Ge h o l r r g . e G E . ll E is. verett. Charles ... ... ... ••• Mr. Webster. Mrs. Corset Susan ... ••. ... Mrs. W. Daly. Director ... ... .'' Miss Yivash. Assistant director ••• Mr. Charles Kean. painted by Mr. Tho mas theatre arranged and the se • mas Grieve. Her Majesty the Queen and his Royal Highness Prince passed through the A ne lb rt e h rt c , e w rr i i t d h er th a e n e d ld e e n r t ß er o e y d al th c e hi ß ld u r b en e , th us circle of visitors, room. o'clock, accompanied by an illustrious Room about eight th e Prince Leopold of comprising his Serene Highness I:r t i h n e ce m N ar i ci ch u o is la a s n o a f Saxe Coburg, his Serene Highnes s Nassau, Chevalier and Madame Bunsen qu an tess of Jersey and Marchioness of Normanby, the Mar and Countess of Derby, the Earl arid d o s ti of Granby, the Earl t Countess Gran- Lady Clementina Villiers, the Earl Hon. h S e i r Charles i3 a ren it a e n g d . ville, the Earl of Mulgrave, the HI:: Lady Mary Wood, the Baron Hadeln, an d genbach. The Queen and Prince were attended by the Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting. receiving invitations to private The t bandpe rfo ramt attending l i l i g n i n i ) , 1 3 Marquise d'Harcourt, Lady Emily ni enceds the Queen's and Miss y l3 , a t r h r e in H gt o o n n . , a L n a d dy ße C v. ha E r..- e a d n iat a e n ly te. Refreshments were served to the Royal visitors in the Throne T he Room. following witness the dramatic performance : had tbe honou d r GL o re f ad re Colonel Forester, Commanding lotte Locker, the Hon. Mrs- Denman, Lord and Lady Yaux S e L y me Marquis, i. ad y a C n a d rol in e and Hon. G. Charles, Colonel Hon. C. B. and Mrs. Phipps, Lady Couper, Miss Couper, Otlicer, Captain Lord George Manners and Lieut. Breedon, of the Royal Horse Guards, Colonel Cranford, Commanding andi‘ir . Coloneli Dirs.t . l.' oourp. Moore,r, L Siri e Georgeu a te n n d a D n i t r .e s n . 011icer ; Lieut.-Colonel Lambert and Captain hlontresor, ot the 2,1 battalion Grenadier Guards ; Mr. and Hon. Airs. Caulfeild and Miss Caulfeild, Miss .Emily Morier, and lir. .rs. ChallOnere --..••••••••••••••,=....*...., and M: o h P o e a r c d?n c k a r , y on m t e h m e b o e c r c occasion o t n h e o of c h g i ,s ij a o t i i n v g e On Thursday S ir Fitzroy Kelly gave a splendil e o n u t t er t t o ai l n n m d e ia nt as to Fo lf r r t . Council. There were present Lord Campbell, the Chief Justice of the Common pleas, the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Mr. Justice Talfourd, Baron Rothschild, Sir Charles Young, Sir Edward Ryan, Sir F. Thesiger, Mr. Bethell, Q.C., Mr. Walpole, Q.C., Mr. Warren, Q.C., the BChanakirnotfaEnnogflathned,E:lsrt. India Company, the Governor of the Dispatches were sent oft' yesterday from the Colonial-office to the Governors of the North American provinces, and also to the U 9 yeram 9 ( the West Ilubal4lioull. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, FRIDAY. The following had the honour of dining with her Majesty yesterday :—His Serene Highness Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, his Serene Highness Prince Nicholas of _Nassau, Chevalier and Madame Bunsen, the Marquis and Mar chioness of Normanby, the Marquis of Granby, the Earl and Countess of Derby, the Earl and Countess ofJersey, the Earl and Countess Granville, the Earl of Mulgrave, the Lady Clernentina Villiers, Sir Charles and Lady Mary Wood, the Baron Hadeln, and the Baron Roggenbach. ; The band of the Royal Horse Guards attended in the Castle, and performed during dinner the following selection : Overture, " Stradella" Flotow. Waltz, "Prima Donna" Jullien. Selection, " Ehjah" Mentleissohn. The Prize Quadrille . ... J. R. Tutton. Galop, " H ugo " Gungl. The Queen had a party last evening after dinner, and in addition to the dinner company there were present Lady Emily Seymour, Lady Caroline and Miss Barrington, Colonel Hon. C. B. and Mrs. Phipps, Colonel lion. Charles and Mrs. Grey, Sir George and Lady Couper, Miss Couper, and Miss Morier. Her Majesty's private band was in attendance in the evening. The Queen and Prince drove out yesterday afternoon, in an open carriage; Colonel F. IL Seymour attended on horseback. Her Majesty walked in the Home Park this morning. The Prince of ►1 ales, the Princess Royal, and younger members of the Royal Family, took their accustomed walk ing and pony exercise. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out shooting this forenoon, attended by Colonel F. 11. Seymour, and accom panied by Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg, Prince Nicholas of Nassau, the Marquis of Granby, the Earl of Derby, the Earl Granville, the Earl of Mu!grave, and Sir Charles Wood. Her Royal IFghness the Duchess of Kent visited her Majesty today. Ha Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester received yesterday at Gloucester House, Park-lane, the Duke of Cambridge and a select party to dinner. Baron Bentinck, Minister of the Netherlands, transacted business with Earl Granville and the Right Hon. Henry Labouchere, at the Foreign-office, on Wednesday. Mr. John F. South, President of the Royal CAlege of Surgeons; Mr. Cxsar H. Hawkins, Vice-President, and Mr. Arnott, late President of the College, had an interview yes terday with Sir George Grey, at the Home. office. Mr. Neilson had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. Lord Broughton left town yesterday. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. LONDON, BRIGHTON, AND SOUTII COAST. The half-yearly report of the directors to be submitted to the proprietors on Friday next states that the amount of capital raised up to the 31st of December is 7,111,2671., consisting of mortgage debt 1,458,0371., preference capital 1,037,5961., and consolidated stock 4,615,634/. The amount of capital raised is purposely kept below the amount ex pended, as this arrangement affords the most profitable means of employing the temporary accumulations of reve nue. The additional capital expended during the past half year amounts to 51,5441., of which 2,8901. is for the settle ment of outstanding accounts on completed lines, 25,9681. for additional working stock, principally in the goods depart ment, and 22,007/. for additional works and buildings ren dered necessary by an increasing trade. A margin of 11,527/. still remains of the amount of 7,200,0001. which was given in October, 1848, as the final limit of capital for a traffic of 450,0001. a year, This, however, having already increased to 585,0001. a year, some further expenditure has become necessary; but the directors do not propose that the capital account should be re-opened. The whole of the stock and share capital of the company has now been paid up, and there are no longer any arrears of calls. The gross revenue for the half-year has been 336,451/., showing an in crease of 30,231/. over the corresponding half-year of 1850. Deducting the cartage and rents in both cases, the increase has been 28,763/., of which 28,3231. has been in the pas senger, and 4401. in the goods traffic. The large increase of the passenger traffic, notwithstanding the drawback of dividing the Hastings traffic with the South-Eastern Com pany, is doubtless attributable in part to the Great Exhibi tion. The average increase during the year 1851 over the corresponding period of 1850 was 8461. per week from the commencement of the year to the opening of the Exhibition, on the Ist of May, 1,2881. per week while the Exhibition re mained open, and 1034 per week from its close to the end of the year. The ordinary traffic of the line has been but little affected, nearly the whole of the increase attributable to the Exhibition having been obtained from excursion or other traffic carried at greatly reduced rates. The number of miles run by the trains in the half-year ending Decem ber, 1851, was 845,559, and the total traffic receipts, ex cluding cartage, amounted to 328,261/. For the correspon ding period of 18.50 the number of miles run by the trains was 696,240, and the amount received 199,498/. The total expenses, including cartage, amounted to 126,3641. for the half-year ending December, 1851, and to 111,518/. at the corresponding period of 1850. The ordinary expenses for the half-year ending the 31st of December last amounted to 103,360/., being at the rate of 2s. 5 1 / 2 d. per train per mile, and 31 per coat. of the receipts ; and for the corresponding period of 1850 the ordinary expenses amounted to 91,371/, being at the rate of 2s. 7 1 / 2 d. per train per mile, and 30 1 / 2 per cent. of the receipts. It will be seen that while the receipts have increased about 10 per cent. on the corresponding half-year of 1850, the mileage of trains has increased more than 20 per cent.—a result which shows the nature of the traffic. The gross revenue for the year 1851 amounted to 585,086/ ; for 1850, to 533,8841.; for 1849, to 500,4201.; and for 1848, to 453,40 e/. The total number of passengers conveyed over the line in 1851 amounted to 3,613,887; in 1850, to 2,838,949; in 1849, to 2,658,889 ; and in 1848, to 2,485,778. The total expenses on revenue account amounted, in 1851, to 233,7191. ; in 1850, to 210,212/. ; in 1849, to 190,968/. ; and in 1848, to 187,0864 The preferential charge for mortgage debt and guaranteed stock amounted, in 1851, to 119,865/. ; in 1850, to 121,608/. ; in 184 e, to 116,5561. ; and in 1848, to 104,0411 The dividend per cent. per annum on the ordinary stock amounted, in 1851, to 4/. 168., with a reserve fund of 36,659/. ; in 1850, to 41. 25., reserve fund 2.5,621/. ; in 1849, to 31. 17e., reserve fund 15,000/. ; and in 1843, to 3/. 12s, the company then having no reserve fund. The general re sult is that the income of the company has increased (luring the last three years trom 453,408/. to 585,086/ per annum, s working being au increase of 131,6781., o r n ear ly 30 p er cent. T h i s en .s t i a rrh large increase of traffic ha s o f course ren d ere d i n di spensa b le afurther t o u u r t t l h a e y r for dv e t of goods stock, e warehouses, requiring a sidings, &c. The n ecess i ty f ur f urt h er expen di ture ar i ses from corresponding increase of working stock and station ac commodation ; and the general increase of traffic, requiring additional precautions to insure the public safety, consist ing mainly of fresh sidings, crossings, and signals; ex tension of the electric telegraph ; check-rails at curves, extension of platforms, and improved arrangements at sta tions. The most urgent of these works have been already executed, and the remainder will be commenced without delay. The requirements for the goods traffic consist prin cipally of warehouses, coal-yards, sidings, turn-tables, &c., of warehouses the most important b e i ng t h e constructionat Deptford-wharf and Bricklayers' Arms. The total expendi ture under all the above heads will der - able period, and amount to about 12e spread over a consio,ooo/. b e y on d the li b mit of 7,200,00 i. 1. With regard to the proposed the directors say th at it is impossible increased outlay, not to see that the confidence of the public in railway property depends mainly on the test o f k eep i ng the capital account closed, and that successi ve en l argements of capital, even lifer the m os t legitimate objects, will, limits existing circumstances, be regarded with mistrust. Ac cordingly, the direct ors recommend that the limit of 7,200,000/. should not be exceeded, and that. sixth addi tional expenditure as may be necessary to meet the require ments of an expanding trade should be considere p d as a tem porary excess to be extinguished in a given e • taken from revenue. The directors recommend by a fund a period of ten years, or, in other words, that a stun amounting per cent., in addition to the current interest, onall y te t tem porary porary excess of expenditure beyond the limi t of 7,200,000/. should be appropriated each year out of revenue, until such excess has been extinguisht d. The amount expended in re newals during the year 1851 has been 27,0014, which is about the same as in 1850, and the directors recommend that a similar sum of 10,000/. should be added to the reserve fund ; this addition will make the reserve fund amount to 36,6591. If this recommendation be adopted, 212,396/. will be the balance available for dividend, out of which sum 32,822/. is appropriated fur interest on mortgage debt, and 27,907/. for dividend on preference capital, leaving a balance of 151,6671., out of which is deducted 10,000 a fur reserve fund, 1,000/. for benevolent fund, and 729/. for insurance fund, together 11,7291., leaving 139,938/., out of which the directors recommend the payment of a dividend of 3 per cent. for the half-year, amounting to 13844694, leaving a balance to the credit of the current half-year of 1,469/., and making the whole dividend for the year 1851 amount to 4/. 16s. per cent. The directors are happy to state that the competition with the South-Eastern Railway Company at Hastings has been terminated by an amicable arrangement on the basis formerly offered by this company. In a pecu niary point of view the difference is not very important be tween competition or a division of the traffic; but it is a source of satisfaction to the directors to avoid further occa sion of conflict with a neighbouring company who work so many lines of railway in common, and with whom so many considerations of public safety and convenience make it de sirable to maintain amicable relations. In order to obviate still further any possible conflict of interest between the two companies, the directors have proposed to the directors of the South-Eastern Company a similar arrangement re specting the Reigate traffic, which is now under considera tion. The directors are also happy to say that their rela tions with the London and South-Western Railway Com pany continue to bo amicable. Several new railway schemes have been projected in the district intermediate between the London and South-Western and London, Brighton, and South Coast Railways, which appear to the directors to be uncalled for by any public necessity, and otherwise objectionable; but, as they are assured by the directors of the London and South-Western Company that none of these schemes receives any support from that com pany, and as it appears evident that they cannot hope to exist profitably as independent undertakings, the directors hope to be spared the necessity of any Parliamentary con test. It is their intention to adhere strictly to this conser vative line of policy, and to confine their attention, as far as possible, to the development of the traffic on their existing lines of railway, believing that by this co urse the true inte- rests both of the proprietors and the publi c will be best con sulted. The report of Mr. J. Reeves, the auditor, states that in consequence of the lamented death of his worthy colleague, Mr. Mansfield, the great responsibility of auditing the accounts has devolved upon him, and after the most careful exami nation he has found them quite correct. He remarks that there has been a loss of 1,4411. for repairs done by the company to a steam-vessel which was working in connexion with thiscompany, in developing the French traffic, and t h e loss has been written off the books during the past half year. The sum of 239,8001. has been paid off the mortga ge debt, and only 1e 5 , 250 /. r enewed, a nd borrowed du g n the half year at a less rate o f interest. I n the accounts lastl.re derea 56,9011. appeared as the v alue of surplus lands, a has been increased to 61,3201 . by reason of certain land 'eh pur chases tmde during the half-year greater in value than has been disposed of. A sum of 25,005 /. has been what carried to the capital account this half-year for additional carriage and waggon stock, and also a sum of 22,0071 , works upon the line, stations, &c. for additio nu l The reports of the resident engineer superintendents represent the permanent and lo como ti ve way, buildings, works, anal working stock as being in excellent order. The stock and share account shows that au thorised to raise 7.440,9301., ofthe company is which raised, leaving 329,662/. as the 7,111,2671. has been balance of power unexer cised. The mortgage debt a had been raised on account shows that 1,4'8,037/. loan, of which 454,500/. was at 5 per cent.; 6,000/ at 4i per cent. 196 P7l. at per cent. • 40,000/. at Vs per cent. , 758 6101.;and 2,5001. at 3i per cent. The capital. at 4 per cent., account showed that , 7111267/. had been received, and 7,188,473/. expended, leaving a balance against the company of 77,205/. The revenue ac count stated that the •ending the during the half-year the 31st of December, amounted to 039,7601, including 2,3091. from the last account, and the expenditure to 126,3641., including 1°,254/. r a t es and taxes, and 11,112/. Government duty; leaving a balance of 212,396/. BASINGSTOKE AND SA LILSDURY RAILWAY.—The en gineering estimate for this railway including all expenses, i s fi xe d by Mr. Erringtor, the company's engineer, at 280,0001. DORCHESTER AND E . EXETER COA ST E XTENSION R AILWAY COMPANY. Moorsom s estimate for this new line, proposed to be applied for in the ensuing sess i on, is 490,C00/. IMPORTANT TJ RAILWAYS, --Experiments have just been made on the Paris to Lyons Railway for the application of electro magnetism to locomotives. The apparatus prepared for the purpose was applied to an e xcee di ngly large locomo tive, and succeeded perfectly, first on a level, and then on an ascent of thirteen milliemes —the steepest, in fact, of the line. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. Commodore Martin's squadron at Lisbon, it ;as expected, would proceed to sea about the 16th instant, on a trial cruise, leaving the Hogue, 60, screw-ship, Captain 111.Dougall, in the Tagus. A midshipman, Mr. Cruickshank, of the Arethusa, 50, Captain Sy monds, died at the Naval Hospital, of rapid ootuumption. All sorts of reports were in circulation as to the movement of the sauadren. The commodore had his flag flying in the Leander, 50, Captain Decres. It was said that the latter officer would exchange ships with Captain Rallis, of the Prince Regent, 90, and that the latter would then proceed to the Mediterranean, Commander Barnard in that case getting an appointment to the Leander. Another report says the Leander is to proceed to Gibraltar for pro visions, and that the Dauntless, 33, screw-frigate, Captain Halsted, after the trial cruise, returns to England. We give the above as mere flying rumours. The health of the squadron had improved since the severe constant exercises had been discontinued, and the washing decks every morn ing given up. The latter operation is only now performed once a week, and attention is paid to lowering the ports to windward. These are simple little things which have a great effect on the comfort and health of men on board. The hospital ashore was full of sick, there were forty beds occupied, and twenty more were likely to be occupied. Commander Thomas E. L. Moore (1841), in command of the Plover, in the Behring's Straits Arctic Expedition for the last two years and a half, has been promoted to the rank of captain for that service. Commander Jenner, of the flagship Centaur steam-frigate, has been appointed, pro tem., to the command of the Conflict, 8, screw-frigate, at Brazils, vice Drake, invalided and re turned to England. We are glad to hear that Dr. Findlay, of the Alecto steam-sloop, coast of Africa, is not dead, as reported. By last accounts he was recovering, and was waiting to re turn to England as an invalid. Chaplain—The Rev. R. H. Howe has been appointed to the Britannia, 120, flag-ship of Admiral Dundas. Mr. Bell, assistant-engineer of the second class at Ports mouth, has volunteered for the Arctic searching expedition of this year. Chief Engineer George G. Bardin ; and Assistant-Engi neers Edward R. Dutton, Peter Cowane, and Stephen G. Shairp, have been appointed to the Hydra steam-sloop, at Sheerness, for service at the Cape. SUMMARY PUNISHMENT ON B OARD A MAN-OF-WAR.— DEVONPORT, THURSDAY.—An incident occurred last night and this morning, which has caused some amusement and much satisfaction here. A Mutton Cove waterman, one of those fellows who are always on the look out to ease poor Jack of his burCen when returned from sea, got on board the Tweed, 18, Commander Lord F. Russell, last evening to see a marine of the same name, Murray. Although no relation, he was kindly entertained, had plenty of drink, and sung some songs. A boat, however, was seen off the vessel lying on their oars, and the good friend was about to depart, but it was discovered on his leaving that he had stolen a quan tity of clothing from the men, and he was about to decamp with it. Having been seized in the act, the crew at once proceeded to give him a lesson in practical justice, by admi nistering a tremendous thrashing, the officers of course winking at it. They then kept him in durance vile during the remainder of the night, and this morning, after giving him for a breakfast three dozen with a rope's end, he was ignominiously turned out of the ship. The Sprightly steam- tender will take all who wish a pas sage to Portsmouth of the crew of the Tweed, after being paid off to-morrow. Commander Crispin, of the Royal yacht, has gone on leave. The Royal steam-tender Fairy is having Mr. Peacock's composition scraped off; and she is now being payed over with Mr. Hay's. Mr. Hay is also to pay with his composi tion the bottom of the Britannia's launch, to test whether it will supersede the necessity of coppering boats of this de scription. Britannia, 120, Captain Goldsmith, has got up her top masts again at Portsmouth. She will exchange places with Rodney, 92, next week, to have her compasses swung. Daphne, 18, Captain Moorshead, C. 8., arrived at Rio from Sheerness Dec. 7, on her way to Valparaiso. Gorgon, 6, steam-sloop, Commander Paynter, arrived at Rio Dec. 7, from Valparaiso, and sailed for Portsmouth to be paid off. _ _ _ Fury, 6, steam-sloop, Commander Tatham, has coaled at Portsmouth, and has taken on board a quantity of packages and parcels for Commodore Martin's squadron, and will pro bably sail to-day or Monday for the Mediterranean, touching at Lizbon. lithe, frigate, is to take the place of the Nymph, re• ceiving hulk at Woolwicb, and the latter is to be taken to Sheerness. Wye, old convict-ship, is to take the place of the Sulphur, receiving-ship at Woolwich, and the h.tter is to be towed to Deptford to be broken up. Sitnoom, iron screw troop-ship, is getting ready for another tria. at Portsmouth. We understand she will go into the Channel for a three days' cruise. Sparrow, surveying tender on the coast of Ireland, Commander Bedford, is ordered to Devonport to be paid off. Torch, iron steamer, is to be sent to Deptford to be fitted as a tender to the Herald for surveying service in the South Sea Islands. PORTSMOUTH, FRIDAY.-It blew a hurricane for about four hours last night, the wind suddenly rising about eleven P.M., and going down equally sudden about four AM. A Hanoverian barque, lying at St. Helen's, drove considerably, but got into a berth again this morning. The Hendrick Hudson is still in St. Helen's Roads. The inspection of the stock of preserved meats at the Royal Clarence-yard was proceeded with to-day, and at its close the (examining board knocked off for the week to ob tain a respite from their disagreeable task. About 300 canisters +•ere opened to-day, out of which number 73 passed as good ; the 227 bad were condemned from similar discoveries as those already reported. PLYMOUTH. FRIDAY.—Her Majesty's steam-sloop Hecate sailed on Wednesday fur Brest and the Bay of Biscay, to obtain information relit+ ive to the lose of the Amazon. The frigate Bacchus, being ordered to be fitted as a coal depot, was towed to the jetty on Wednesday. The screw-steamer Fettercairn, Captain Maitland, from London, for St. Helena, put in oniThursday with loss of fore topmast. The merchant vessel Sea'on Sluice, Captain Gibson, from Kertch, which put in here yesterday, saw off the Ramehesd the deck and beams of a ship, in all probability the Theodore and Sara, run down by the Corinthian, off the Start, about a month since. PEMBROKE, JAN. 15.—The number of men now employed at this dockyard is above the number of the establishment, and in consequence they are allowed to volunteer for the other naval stations. At the general muster of the men which took place a short ti me ago b e f ore th e Captain-Super intendent, Sir Thorium Pasley, a thorough examination of everyone connected with t h e arsena l was ma d e, pr i or to t h e selection of the most aged and infirm for superannuation. The names of about forty of the most fit were taken down for this purpose. The Piqu e f r i gate, 36 guns, i s rap idl y pro gressing in her repairs. She is to be lengthened to the ex tent of 80 feet. I'he detachment of Artillery, under the command of Lieutenant Penn, is to be removed to the Mar tello towers at the dockyard, when room can be made in the fortified barracks for the head-quarters of a regiment 07 the line, which arrangement would afford a supply of men ade quate to carry on the duties of the garrison. •It is expected that several very interesting launches will take place at this. dockyard during the course of the year, severa l s hips of the largest size being nearly finished. The fortifications at the Stack Rock are being proceeded with, and it is hoped that the long talked-of addition to the defences at the dockyard will be this year commenced. No more apprentices are to be entered at present at this or anv other of the dockyards. Woolavlcfr, Jaw. 16.—The Highflyer steam sloop bad her steam up in the basin at Woolwich dockyard to-day, for the purpose of testing her actual horse power at the dynanometer, the nominal horse power of the engines being 400. The latter part of the announcement, that the Royal Albert, 120, had been ordered to be fitted with auxiliary d engines, and that Messrs. Maudslay, Son, and Field a been ordered to make the engin e s of 1,000 horse powe r, ha s ultimately proved incorrect, as a contract was subsequently entered into for the construction of a pair of 300 horse power (each) engines, on the oscillating principle of John n Albert Penn and will Son, of Greenwich. The engines . of the ltoy of COO horse Nyi consequently be of the collective Pe l l" the same firm the same as those, now nearly ready, made for the Agamemnon, 90, at present building at Woolwich dock yard. The Barraconta steam sloop was taken round to Chatham to-day, to be fitted at that port for sea. D E SPERATE SUICIDE .-- Last Laht night an inquest was held by Mr. Bedford, at St. George's Hospital, on the b o d y of Mr:Robert Judd, aged 65, who had for years carried on business as a boot mak er at 911,13 wards of 40Beak-street, Regent-street. It appeared that for some w e eks past he had been in very low spirits, which could only be accounted for by a very sensitive feeling about money matters, he and his at On Tuesday morning, family living on the best of terms , about ten o'clock, the barmaidout Campbell's e l t l h ' s e S th co b t d c - h fio a b le r stores in Beak-street, saw him he leaning window of his house, and with terrific violence on the stone threw himself out. He fell was immediately conveyed to theone pavement beneath, and Leicester-street. Upon that surgery of Mr. Keys, in happened, he replied, " I didgentleman asking him how it wife is quite innocent." not fall far enough ; my poor Hospital, but the case He was - removed to St. George's o'clock. The jury was hopeless, and he died at two HOW TO GET SLEE B. returned a verdict of temporary insanity. persons a matter of highr.— ow to get sleep is to many importance. Nervous persons who are troubled with wakefulness a strong tendency of blood and excitability, usually have extre mities. The pressure o the zthe brain, with cold.etrea stimulated or wakeful state, blood aodti o l n e th u L a b t r i a o i n n s k i e n epsit the head are often painful. Let such rise and chafe the body and extremities with a brush or t owe l, or ru b sm artly with the hands to promote circulation and withdraw the excessive amount of blood'from the brain, and you will sleep in a few moments. A cold bath, or a sponge bath and rubbing, or a good run, or a rapid walk in the open air, or going up or down stairs a few times, just before retiring, will aid in equalising circulation, and promoting sleep. These rules are simple and easy of application in castle or cabin, and minister to the comfort of thousands who would freely ex pend money for an anodyne to promote " Nature's sweet restorer, balmy sleep." EXIIIETION OF ALL NATIONS AT NEW Yong, The opening of the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations at New York is likely to be for a short time postponed, in consequence of legal doubts which have arisen of the right of the corporation of the city to grant the site in Madison square for the erection of the building, and it has, in conse quence, been thought advisable to procure another site. To I save delay the corporation have offered the committee the use of Reservoir-square, a commanding elevation in their own unrestricted fee. This offer was under consideration when the last advices from New York left for England. It , seems that some jealousy exist at New York against Mr. i Riddle, who is a Bostonian, and who is known in London • from his conexion with the late Exhibition in Hyde-park as I the Americam Commissioner. _ TSB IRISIL COAST GUAED.—The Galway MCI 7 Y of Saturday says We are enabled to state, upon the beat authority, that orders have been issued to the several Coast Guard stations round the coast of Ireland to have all the men of that force, whose term of service does not exceed five years, in readiness to go on board ships of the line on the shortest notice. The success of the shoeblack-brigade experiment in Liverpool has exceeded the most sanguine hopes of the IIWA 501199iinclmtrig Sucioti vf that t 91114 THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION.S, The following dispatches have been received by Aho Admiralty : "Iler Majo3ty's ship Plover, Grantlcy Harb,mr, Port Clarence, Sept. 30, 1851. " Sir,—l have the honour to report for you, for tho information of my Lords Commissioners of the Ad miralty, the proceedings of her Majesty's ship =trader my command since the departure of Captain Coltins on , C. 8., in her Majesty's ship Enterprise (July 10, 1s5 1 ), from Port Clarence. " On the 11th of July, in pursuance of instruction& from Captain Collinson, I left Port Clarence for Mizhael owski, Morton Sound, for the purpose of picking up a party of Aleutian Islanders, whom the Governor- General of Sitka had mode arrangements to send up, to assist the Arctic Scarching, Expedition in Behrings, at which phco I arrived on the 13th. On the 26th the :Bentz' off (I?uEsian Fur Company's ship) arrived from Sitka, by which vessel I received an intimation from his Excellency Captain Rosenberg that he was unable to send the Aleutians, on the receipt of which I landed such provisions as I could possibly spare (having en board : , :utlicient only to carry mo back to Port Clarence), and procured permission to laud as much more as might mbei:sligenemed necessary ter the r e li e f o f an y p ar ti es o f th e expedition, or from her Majesty's ships Enter prist, or Investigator that might arrive during the en suirg minter, in the event of the Plover having to pro (Tea southward this season in accordance with Captain Collinson's orders to sae, ' a copy of which I beg to enclese.. " lltn my.my.ing stay at Miehe.clowski I obtained the fol lowing information r eaps ct i ng a part ' s , said to have bait murdezel by natives elf Point Barrow:_ station on the northern shore of Norton Sound, informed roe that a native belo ng i ng to the river Ko-wuk (in Hotharn Inlet) told him t h at a vessel arrived off Point Barrow in 1848, that sho hed been attacked by the natives, and that the whole of the crew had been killed. This report, he says, he heard on m ore than one occa sion, bat does not believe it to be true. " On asking him if he had heard of any persons being destroyed on the Yek•ko River, he stated that a p arty of one officer and ten men were descending that river about four years ago in binders, and that while they were asleep the Indians destroyed the whole party. T wo muskets, two knives, a shirt, and some powder were seen by Taleshuk Makewar, late interpreter of the Plover, in the possession of some of the natives on the Ko-e-pah river (near the Yek-ko) in the summer of 1549. All the articles, except the powder, which he thinks was English, are represented to be like those bartered by the Hudson's Bay Company. The natives about Point Barrow are re ported to have plenty of beads, shirts, and other commo dities of barter, but this is easily accounted for, two boat expeditions from this ship having passed to the eastward of Point Barrow—one under Commander Pullen, 1849, the other with myself, 1850. " Ou the 28th of July I lett Michaelowski and arrived in Port Clarence on the 30th, where I found her Ma jesty's ship Daedalus. It having been arranged by Captains Kellett and Collieson that a whaler should bring up the latest mail from the Sandwich Islands, and bury it on an island in St. Lawrence Bay (on the Asiatic coast), I obtained per mission from Captain Wellesley to proceed thither, and in company with the Daedalus arrived there on the morn ing of the 4th, where we found a number of whaling ships, but saw or heard tiot'aieg of the mail, except that the America, Yankee whaler, which was supposed to have it on board, h a d f oun d ere d w i t h ten ot h ers in the pack early in the month of June. " Having consulted Captain Wellesley as to the pro priety of making the pack for the purpose of ascertaining whether Captain Collinson had been enabled to make his way to the eastward of Point Barrow, as also to pick up any information which might possibly be obtained, I left St. Lawrence Bay on the 9th with a fresh breeze from S.W., and made the ice in 70 deg. 34 min. N., and 169 deg. W., tracing it to 167 deg., in nearly the same parallel, trending apparently to the E. by N., and evidently close in shore, which I did not like to ap proach, fearing I might get beset. The pack this year extended at least 160 miles further south than either of the two previous summers, and I am therefore inclined to think that the Enterprise will be unable to make any considerable progress to the eastward this year. The only opinion I can form why the ice should make its appearance so much further south this season, isthat since the breaking up of the winter light winds and constant fogs have prevailed. Having ascertained, so far as I was able, that Captain Collinson must have made his way round Point Barrow, I thought it my duty to communicate with the natives of Hotham Inlet, as well as those in Kotzebue Sound, from whom no intel ligence of the missing expedition could be obtained. I also examined the cache of provisions I buried in July, 1850, which I found undisturbed, us also the boat-gear, but the boat herself was literally broken to pieces —by the natives of King's Island, I am given to understand. " Being no w sati sfied that I could gain nothing fur ther in the way of information this summer, I made the best of my way back to Port Clarence, where I ar rived on the 28th of August, 1851. " I am sorry to inform their Lordships that the whalers have been the means of doing the natives (along the coast on bath sides of the straits) a vast (teal of injury by the introduction of a large quantity of spirits, with which they have supplied them, and the barter has been so much cut up by the profuse and extravagant manner in which they have given them tobacco, that I feel certain the supplies of venison, &c., which I have hitherto been ,ble to pr, cure for the crew Iv:11 be most materially cur tailed, besides which we shall have to travel considerably further for what little we may procure. " In conclusion, I beg to inform their Lordships of the uniform and unwtaried exertions used by the oflicera nod crew under my command, and trust that their Lord ships will be pleased to meet their several claims with favourable consideration.—l have, &c, " Tries. Moonn, Commander. " P.S. Having received no mail niece July, 1850, I most earnestly beg that their Lordships will give direc tions that all letters for this ship be sent up next summer by a whal_r, should no man-of-war be coming. " Tiros. Moe:am, Commander." List of whalers lost in the Pack during the summer of 1851, in Behring's Straits, as stated by whaling cap talcs : The Arabella, of New Bedford, Captain Homfield— Lost in the ico between East Cape and Kotzebue Sound. The Mary Mitchell, of San Francisco—Lost on shore Island. d nd ape Ichaplin, n o r T t h h e o rcsoutho p s o i ?j de t ofo of . 11 L v r a e w_r ro c a e t south-west of it. The Ajax, of Bordeaux—Lost on a reef on the south -of New Bedford—Lost on t h e easTthseideNoefwSt. Bedford,Lawrenee Alentian Islands, near Attoi. The Armata, of New London—Lost on the south aide of Metehichem Bay, among the islands, near Cape Ichaplin. Tre Trinity, of New Bedford—Not known. The New Hibernia, of New Bedtord—Not knows. The Globe (from, not known)—Lost at East Cape, on the 10th of August. Island. (Signed) The Henry . Thompson, o f N ew London--Not known. Holtno (Yankee)—Lost near THOMA S M OORE, C a America,llO Captain St.TLhaew r! itain. E iN signifies that ß the Aß NAILS. by the night—end mails are sent f rom the General Fost-office Di by the morning —dispatch.) NYhen made up in F rom w h a t FLA OEB. GeneralPost-Moe port dia. London: patched. When due. America (by Brit. rkt )N l ,--Jan---93 America (by IJ.S. rkt..) N'Jan.. 27 -------.. .. i '--Liverpoel .. Africa (West coast).. N 14th of the m :: ont . h . A. p L:verpool merica (by U.S. pkt.) M Southampt. Ai r, e • l ' an dria * • • ...... N 19th & 30th of mo. Doveryraoath•• ' cn glura •• • . •• N Daily .. Brazil .. Dover • • • • • • .. 31 9th of the month Southampt. Buenos Ayres .. .. M 9th of the m on th So u thampt. California( reach agos) M 2d & 17th of month Southam pt. Cape of Good Hope N 14th of month Plymouth.• Constantinople* .... N 7th 17th 27th efmo Dover Central America .. M2d & 17th of rnon. ,Southampt. Channel Isles .. N Mon., Wed., &Fri: B ° ll ' l ' am ° - ChM • • • • ... M 17th of the month 'Southampt. France .. .. 31 & N Twice daily .. .. Dover • • Greece* .. .. .. N 7th 17th27th of nio Dover • . Hamburgh .. .. N Tuesday & Friday London .. Holland .. .• .. 31 Wednes. & Satur. London .. Honduras .. .. . N 17th of the month Southampt. Ireland .. .. 31 & N Twice daily .. .. Holyhead .. India(via Southamp.) 420th of the monthSouthampt. India (via Marseilles) N tithes , 24th ef month Dover Mediterranean (via sonthairnfon) .. m i 2oth of the month N MI 8 th_&24th of K m e ar dite sem n.. es n ) ean .. (vit • t • month of the t he m m e o n n t h t h . . MMeaxideciroa ...• ...• .• .• 74 2%2 th d of r 7th,17th,19th,27th Malta* .. •• / &30th of month Naples* .. .. .. N s th 15th 25th ofme PPearu .. Papal State . s . * .... .... M N 5 17 th th 15 0 th i th 2s e t m h o o f n 7 h o l Peninsular.. • • .. M 7 th 1 7th 27thof mo Tuscany* .. •• • • N sth 15th 25th ofmo west Indies • • •• Di 17th of the month West Indies (except gavial= & Nassau) 11l 1 2d of the month .. SouthalliPt conveyed by • ' * The malls to those co un tries thus marked (*) IF eb. 5 are French packet vlagarseinee. The direct Havre mail from London via Southampton during this month will be made up three times a week only, instead of daily. CALIFORNIA. —Mails to and from California, via the United States are now despatched and due by every Amer ican packs* !Jan. 21 Jan. 24 Feb. 3 Jan. 1 8 Daily Feb. IS Jan. 16 Jan. 20 Feb. 3 Jan. 20 Jan. 20 Tn. Tk.Sat Jan. 20 Twieedaily Jan. 20 Tees. Sat. Men. Thur Jan. 20 Twlcedally Jan, 23 Jan. 16 itkuthampt. IJan. 23 'Dover •. Southampt. Southampt. Dover Jan. 16 Feb. b Jan. 16 Jan. 18 Jan. 1 2 Jan. 12 Jan. 16 Jan. 20 Jan. 12 Jan. 20 Dover •ft Dover .. Sonthampt. Sonthampt. Dover Soathampt• The subject of a National Railroad from the Al lantic to the Pacific (says a letter, dated San Francisco, Dec. 1) is attracting much attention. The Hon. Thomas Butler King has recently published a long letter, givi ng hi, views upon the subject, and suggesting a plan by which the work may be carried out by the indirect aid of the Govern ment, in guaranteeing the interest upon the stock, instead of making an appropriation directly for that purpose. This would put the work into the hands of private capitalists, instead of government contractors, and it is argued that it would go forward with more energy and with greater regard to economy, though " Uncle Sam" should attempt to pay the expense out of his own capacious pocket. On the evening of the 28th ult., a large meeting was held in this city, with the view to urge the subject upon the people, at which the mayor presided. A committee of thirteen were appointed to pro perly present the matter to the consideration of Congress, and to mature a plan to be submitted at a subsequent meet ing to be held prior to the Ist of January. '[he subject will no be allowed to sleep, but will be urged forward with all the energy which has characterised the spirit and enterprise of the Pacific residents in the past. HONESTY REWARDED.-- - 011 Tuesday a gentleman going to one of th e M anc h ester b an k s w ith a qu antity o f gold in bags, engaged a cab for the purpose, and went down in it to the place. When he had discharged it he found that one bag, containing 140 sovereigns . and 601. in notes, was missing, and feeling convinced that it must be in the cab, he engaged another, and hurried to the stand whence he had taken the first, calculating that the man would have returned. Before he got to the place, howe ver , he met the cab h e was i n searc h of driving down at a rapid pace, and getting the driver to pull up, learned that he had found the bag and its contents on the seat when he got back to the stand, and that he was returning to the bank with it all safe. Lie was presented with a sovereign for his lapue:ty. 10 10 9 6 66 40/P, 07 1 0 1! 0 7 : 110 101 0 0% 4 I S I ,) o d tvest" i d, RP" ill 1011 - to TV t; , 1$ oa/ lb.' ' 1 0° 500