The Sun. — London, England, 1812-06-02 00:00:00

OR nth! Ik CO UN' IL. FTIONI THE RkyIENV: (Ceirtilmed from our Paper Of Yesterday,) tut the climax of French ranacit" and • can, endurance was yet to come. A Decree was issued at Rambouillet in _Vara!, 1810, by whiala all vessels toiiling under the flag of the 'United States,'or owned 'Wholly or in part by an AMerican whiath, since the 20th-11.- - i2y, 1809, had ent ered, or which should thereafter enter any of the ports of France or her colonies, or countries °c.copied by - rrench armies, should be•aeized. This act Nvas carried into immediate execution; the pum bar o f sequestrated ships amounted, to one hundred tnd sixty, the value of which was calculated at 6 ne 'hundred. millions of franks; ',a sum,' says M. Armstrong to Mr. MadiSon, whose magni tude alone renders hopeless all attempts at saving lam right,' be continues, in supposing Th e 1 14 eror has definitely taken his ground, I can not be moo?, in concluding, that you will immedi ately take general Armstrong knew very little however q the enduring temper of his Government so far as France was concerned. To England its - inso lence seemed to increase with the increasing ag gressions of France. ;Every adventitious occur - pence, every little collision between British and 4trnerican Officers, was laid hold of to enflame the Ands of the rabble against Great Britain. ,In all th e discussions on the Orders in Couneil, matters wh ctily - irrcleVant thereto, were artfully introduc ed to check the progress of negociation. • The 4 -ot from the Leander, the affair of the Che.sa- P e ake,, the search of neutral .ships, the, impress 'lent of American seamen, were all brought for u'ard, and on all occasions. 'All the papers which w 'e before the public, evince the deaded partiality Mr; Jefferson and , Mr: Madison towards t 'eOace, notwithstanding the robberies and insults ti ley' have invariably suffered from that Govern tecot, which las even gone sb far as to stigma tize them as men without poliey, without ho 110111* and without energy, who Ivould rather fight (if they could be brought to . fight• at all) for in_ ter est than for honour.' , At length, 'however, Buonaparte thought fit, tChciously in the hope. of s deciding'the angry, yet timorous government of America to a war with /4 7 to change his tone towards that country ; and he did it with :a sudden and impudent .consistency tr uly 'French,; ".! His Majesty,' says Chanapagoy, totes the Americans.' A proposal of marriage t° a - -desponding damsel, could not be more ac 'ePtable t h an this declaration a- the imperial 1o!" *was - to Mr. Madison. -It was altOgether amusing to observe with what 'eagerneSs and joy he threw himself into the arms of France o and With what an air of triumph he.announeed to his S ubjects the happy tidings ofthe revocation of the B erlin and Milan Decrees. This pretenled revo cation «as to take 'effect on a-future 'day, the Ist nf : l \ T ovembet;. 1810. . Without waiting to see 'whether their operation had actually ceased on that.uay; - and„whether there appeared to be any 4isposition in the 'French Government to redress t he other wrongs, - .and restore the vast property of w hich America had been robbed, Mr. Madison le 'lds forth .his proclamation on the very next defy, t he 2d of, November, asserting that the said have been revoked,' and that: the enemy e en.sed s on the first day ol that•morrtlr, to violate t he neutral commerce of the United States.' This prophetic annunciation of the President in Ame r; 'ea of what had, been transacted the preceding a• Y in France, this, intuitive anticipation, sap- Ssed by some to be the effect of sympathy be hveen congenial souls 'though far separated, was d eemed of sufficient authority to be incorporated is the message to Congress. I3ut, alas ! Mr. Madison's sympathy deceived I ra ; there was in fact no revocation of the De- The declaration which the French Mini- Per had made to Mr, Armstrong, was merely to t his effect. At present; Congress retraces its 3te lls. The act of the Ist of March is revoked th e Ports of America are open to French trade ; 'andsFrance is no longer shut tO'inaerieans: Con"- r ess, in'short„ engages to declare against the bet erent which• shall. re - fiA to recognize the rights Of • , neiltralS. • In this new state of things,' says tl~e Preneh Alini'ster to Mr. Armstrong, lam nt horised'to declare to you that the Decree.3.of '1 ile rlin and Milan ore revoked; 'and that from the I st of Noveinber they Shall cease to be executed, it 6 • , a • elng wel l understood, 'that in consequence of th is declaration, the English, shall revoke their °l 'del's in Council, and renounce the new prinei- Diu - c blockade Which they have. attempted - to olt est h • st a•t. o or that the United States -shall cause th e ir rights to be respected by the British.' Mr. Madison ha no occasion to be.told what is he re meant by the rights of: neutrals,' and: the n ew principles' of BlOckadeo - He 'has Buono.- 111 , artc!s :own explanation of the terms. Bubna i The Non-iutereo - arse as far as itzeiiards Prance. ~'o~- !3aite b.as declared , ettee t 3 be the fundamental lAw of the empire, until - 14?.: 4 ,e‘nd ackhowledged that the rigllts of arc the same at sect as on land,' that is tá say; that mer chant ships, enemies as welt as neutrals, shall pass 31ested, that free ships make free goods, and that no vessel whatever shall be searched 5 that no place shall be considered as blockaded, unless invested by laud as well as by sea.' These are the invariable principles which' General Armstrong -was informed • have regulated and will regulate the conduct of his Imperial - Majesty in the great question of neutrals.' Can then Mr. Madison be guilty of the egre gious folly of supposing, can any of his advocates this country for a Anoment suppose, that Great Britain would \ listen to such insisting and de-_ grading terms, and thus tamely surrender to' France that maritime power, which the exertion and valour of her children have established at the expense of 4o much blood and treasure ? Are these tl:e 'conditions in. which we are to seek conciliation with America ? . We, have little doubt that the tone assumed 'by America is encouraged, by speeches and writ:ll4s on this side the water. We' every clay bear the Orders in Council stigmatized as iinpoli-1 tic, ,and equally injurious to ourselves and Athe rica. We hear them represented as inconsistent with the municipal laws of the realm ; as contrary to the spirit and practice of the Contitution ; as violating the great charter, and as infringing the ,wholesome provisions of the Navigation Act.— With all deference for the wisdom of our ances tors, we 'conceive that cases and eircmnstances may arise and have arisen, of which they could entertain no fore-k.nowledge, - and against which they could make n-o - provision., The measures of an uncontrolled despot, who regards no laws human or divie, can only he effectually opposed by t retorting on himself the evils of his own justice.' The wisdom of our ancestors was pro ba.bly as sound and practical in the reign of Queen Elizabeth ; as in any period of our history; and yet, with-the advice of her Privy Council, she -took precautions for the security of the kingdom, quite as strong, and certainly as unconsetutional, as our Orders 'in Council ; for instance, when the Spaniards in 1589, the year after the. destruc tion of their famous Armada, were meditating , a fresh descent upon England, the Queen issued a proclamation, and - seat monitory letters to her e'lies and neutrals, forbidding them to supply the enemy with eain and naval provisions, on pe na l_ ty of forfeiting ships 'and goods: Notwithstand.- ing this, the Hans towns fitted . out sixty sail of vessels laden with corn and naval stores, " which passed,' says Camden, on the North of , Scot land, by the Orcades, Hebrides, and Great Western Ocean, on the bask side of Ireland, a long and dangerous passage, to avoid being in tercepted in the Channel by the Queen's ships'— The Queen's ships, however, did intercept them, not before a blockaded port, but on the high seas, and they were confiscated- as good and lawful prize ; yet the Englishmen of that day applauded-, the wisdom of the measures, and acknowlednd the care' and vigilance of 'the Queen. - . - The best answer to the charge of the• impolicy of. the Orders in Council is to look at : their prac tical Ofeets'on the commerce of the neutral, the enemy, and on our own. We neca no better, cri terion of the state of American commerce than the receipts of her treasury, becan.se_ nine-tenths of her revenues are derivable - from custom-house duties. Now it appears from the inaugural speech of Mr. Jefferson, delivered 'in 1805,.that the re ceipts. of the preceding year, ending septernbo, • 1804, amounted to 111. millions of dollars. In 1805 the revenues the represented in a flourishing state at 13 millions. In 1806 they rose to 15 millions. In 1807, to 16 and in 1808 they were expected to mount'up to 18 millions. We have not before us the receipts of 1809 and 1810, but in the latter of those two years Mr. -Madison, in his Message of 1609, prepares Congress for a di- . minution ; not from the pernicious edects of our Orders in Council, hut from the suspension of exports, and the consequent decrease of importa tions,' that is to say, from their own embargo, their non-intercourse end non-importation laws. Yet in spite of the operations of 'these' laws and the Orders in Council, the trade from England to the United States-remained almost in , the same The amount of our exports to that coun try in 1807, before the Operation. of:the Ord;'frs in Council, was 7,921,1201. In .1810, three years after the operation of the Orders, they amounted to 7,813,3171. Mr. Madison, after much lamen tation, of the ruinous effects of the 'system adopted by the . b . elligerenfs against the American tflde, states the receipts of the year 1811 at 131 mil lions. if the receipt of 13 millions in 1805 ;_ful filled the expectations' of Mr. Jefferscu, we see no grOund' for the querulous wailings of Mr..1441.a -diso* in 1811, with half.a (To be coutiuued.) state. EARtfil2 UAL', IN THE /TEST INDIES. E R PARTICULARS. [From the „Taniaira Royal Gazette. of the ilth ult. • received yesterday.] T:;e fol!ovving is an extract Of a letter from a roilect,Coie source s dated at Curacao., the Ist. inst. . • `-‘ The to , ,vn and. fortifications 01 L 4 the ve.t - ter po,rt of the city of Carace:33, were t - tally destroyed by an earthqual : ; Thursday, the 266th ult. :Puerto Cavell° .Las i.. 1•50 suffered een-; sid,ei . ablY,' The town or La Giyira is tcoily c!e strpved, except three houses-, which a.re so tinich shaken, that great jai - Ipr is apprehendea. their falling. 'Fle loss at Cdracas and L Gu'lrut ig supposed' to iJe 12,etween 15,000-and 20,00 ) souls." Extract of another letter frc.-..m. Curaeoa;_ of th:b. same date : • " The' Cyane arrived here two days vgo from La •Gaira; and brings ti's the inost news. On Thursday, the With Ul':,, atiour oielo2k in the afternOon, the vary inother.t Cs%) ycarg that they had-arrested the Captain-9ene,r.i., an eartn qUake took place, which' tic...s laid the city of Ca raccas in' ruins. Only•four hozists' are let stand ing in La Guira, and twelve- thousand souls are supposed to have perished. As the'bodies Ore aug up, they are either thrown into the water, or +, - YlCiit in large-piles, and it is expected' a pestilence will tie the result: The only I , ;tighshthan or Awcrican; as , far as can be ascertained; k.hat haS perished, is ,a young Man of'the nain.: of Martial or Marshall, who came fioin Jauiaica. God knows what pro-' perty have' been lost, You know-the nuth 7 ber of Spaniards at mass on Holy Thursddv; and as not a dinteh, is 'peeserved, yen may conceive the number' lined. The eaithquake: was felt' at !loud ; ere, .at.A.rhba. Should-Coro have es, cnped,, :_;verstiti9n Of the people may make the consider, it as a judgment of the Altnit3;lity for their disloyalty, and perhaps conquer theii( pa triotism.. From the officers o the Cya,le we learn . that the. Priests-have begun to address the - people - this manner." \ Extract of another letter from. Curacoa, of the same date:---: ‘‘l mo sorry-to inform you .a ~most dreadful earthquake which. otcurre.d in the Main a week ago. La Guira and caraecas are nearly destroyed, and at least • 1 , 1,000 lives pre lost. .. The .full parti culars are not ascertained." . Caraccas is the capital of the proVihce, situate on the little river (if. the Guayra.. It is built. in a valley about four leagues,in extent, an - long the mountains of the .great chain' which runs from Coro to Cumana: The 3trects are straight, paved, directed towards the four poiats of the CO:.lipa,s!, and at the usual distance of a 'quadra, . cr three hundred , T feet fromeach other.' he cathedral de o - corates one the squares ; there are five or six. other churches,., all accompaaied with, their usual squares. The houses. a.e ia.rge and hr,rid some, some of brick; but genera.ily :;fmasonrY , aid inoulds, after the Roman inanner,,, is revived ' y a Tarda in 1.75 .7 , and. ,have the appearance of stone. They are JeCorated w;tii handsome mir rors, curtains of crimson damask, antique gilt chiirs and sofas, gilded beds, covered with silk ,counterpanes, and pillows covered with fine 'mus lin, adorned with lace,. The 'population of the city . of Caraccas, according "to an enumeration in 1802, is between forty-one and forty-two thous and souls, of which:the whites form abOut one , • quarter. • • lAGuira is fi-'e short - leagues. from Caraccas, and presents 'several strong batteries, being the, • haven of the town of Caraccas, and • Contained a considerable population. Vittoria . contained, in 1802, s.even thousand eight hundred `souls,' and Porto Cavell°, Seven thousand - five . hundred. Hamboldt states the above province tohe , sub-' led to - frequent. earthquakes, which he supposes to proceed from the volcanoes of. Catnactita, which pour out sulphur and hot water. The'caveras- of Cliche aro . emit aninflaminable gas, 'which shines in' the night, especial after tains, to the height of an hundred fathoms. Mr. COLE RIDG-11,1 1 11e:fourth lecture of the se ries was delivered by this Genten-rin • oh Fridl2, , , and he resumed the subject of the ancient drama. Tragedy, - he observed; in . its origin was not -founded in an 'observation of 'ordinary-life, .but related* to the/grand, the herbic, and the ideal.---: ' The comedy of the Ancients, he cOnceived, Was not more faithful to the chararterS of, real life than tragedy,'-but consisted of fantastic exaggerations of natnre; It' has been• said. that the Ancients did riot conceive it . possible that the same Poet was qualified for both species of dramatic com position,. but Mr. Coleridge, referring to a passage in Plato; on whom he bestowed an ,high eulOgium; proved that in a convenration which he had with Socrates and Aristoptianes, they all agreed that the'higher Mind was egnally Capable of producing both. ,After many other observations illustrative of this subject, Mr. C. proceeded to consider the genius and pcv,ters of - I-2 , hakespeare, and considering Love's Labour Lost, as one of the earliest of his productices, coz.e mented upon that play in an extensive manner, and pointed out. in several passages the admirable union of logic Or reasoning with poetical energy of expression. ' 11ealso animadverted on spine of the-characters inthis play, observing that Pi : ron, by his 'pleasantry and sarcastic turn, obviously Contained the germs which were after.rards, ripen ed into Benediele . and . IthrcutiO, arid that in. the part of Rosaline might be fOund traces of the live liness, humour, 'and _wit; which appeared More completely in that of 'Rosalind. He made some preform& remarks reSpecting 'the extyaordinary genius of Shakespeare, and signified. that, 'in his i•:4_txt•Lecthre - ,,he Should enter into a detailed re view of Ponteoiand Ju:iet. We must again pro. fess' our high respect far his critical profundity, and our surprize at hiS commanding power'of ex temporaneous eloquence. Tire law having been put in execution against several .of the men found in arms against their eountry" at the Isle of France, those ,on board the Royal,:.Witikam, at Spithead, from annitg whom the worst. cases were selected, haVe been pardoned; and, T releas;ed 'from , confinement; . previously. re ceiving an impressi:Ye admonitionfrom Sir Richard ,Lieli.ertou... - . - . . - • . , - . ~- , IMPER AL_ PA'? LI A ME:N T. HOUSE OF COMMONS. MONPAY, :TUNE 1. New writs were .moved for, - C4.mbridge in the room of Sir Vicary t ibbs, appointed a I".",uiSne. aindge of the Court of Common eleas, and ic. the rcom of George Canning., .Esq. (tor ta..q Grin steß.d) who has accepted - .he C..1.1t.rn Mr. R. W4rnbrought.up a "fin of the A: tdlery i3arracks - to be erected in Mafy-ie-bone Which was laid on the table. • - The order for taking into ccri-sideration tie Rti port of the Gener, Inclostre postpo4ed, on the motion of .N." 7 RI CIL' , li..ch %.t riday BROUGHAM a4..ed the tioncar:Ne man: (Mr. Wharton-espectirig a eoncerr.: inn' the Dr oits of Admiralty Inc v since, and not yet presented, r.:.4.11-I:ated his idtt.o-, tion of moving to-morrow for a continultil:i of the account of the sums expeaded-out Droits. Mr. WEATIto - g, in answer, observe={, thAt lie thou 6. ht the Paper had- been pret , :ented, but he - would make inquiries 'respecting the delay. _ THE OithiA,S Or' THE DAY. LOrd CASTLEZEAGIi Moved t;::e p:)s7tnonenient Of, m0. , ,t of the Orders" of ti.e Dry. Along postponed tiLi Wednesday were .the I.,;y.ehiption lid!, the Comintee of !. - .;upply, tire Local Tokens, and the ilink Token. . Mr, CANNING rose and Seeing in Ms place aa Honourable Friean 17no inasimore titan once hi•ought f0..y.-ard a moi-ion ic specting the Admiaillraoon of the totintq, aud also. an Honourable Gentleman (Mr. Martiii), who has given•notice,of a illation upon. the sub ject for Weduesday`, , fain enabled to toJununitate 'for the tons:deratiou - of-nly- Honourable :Friend, and also of the Honourable Gentleinan,, that a Noble Eriend of mi4e in the tither House, 1 mean.., the AI in/his:Weilesley, has this morning had an audience of has . Highness the Prince Pc.- gent, ,and has received - Ilicitoyal HighneSs's au thority to proceed in the formation of ;i ne , .v ministration.' '. Mr. S. WO.IVri.E7 expressed his happiness at the communication just made by his Honourable 'Friend ; but before he proceedei with his notice, he taught it right, hoWever, !_hat certain cir cumstautcs connected with the formation of the Achninistration, should, be , known to • the Reuse' and. to the country. Th.fre were a party of per sons in the country who made they business, from political.-motives, to viliCy and traduce the. characers and condhct of th'e most :esp?ctable persons employed in aiariging and settling some of the great points upon wh,cil a nzt,W,:i.dministra toil could be satis.actordy formed. There was no doubt that delay was necessarily occasioned; but as certain charges had in publ!c :vriting been made against some tionourahie ikicyar. - ,.en, it was possible, by explanation, that the doss of cha racter shouid be prevented. Mix,- were two classes of political - writers in the coiinuy—the one deiying the mer.itS and conduct of every body, and cnargmg them with wrangling fo.-, power; the. other class of writers charging the motives of certain Gentlemen as emanating solely . iromn paity. He had heai.d it said - chat the friends of the Right. Honourable _Gentieman. opposite (Mr. Ponsouby) had stood aloof on the grounds of persoualL ambition.• It was necessary, there fore, that-the country should know the real fact. T 9 ascertain that fact, be had committed to paper tw'o questions to put to the Right Honourable Gentleman, to•.which he trusted an answer would b e given. He would ask of him in the first place,. Whether any person up to this morning did make any proposition to the Right Honourable Gentleman,: or.to - any of his Right Honourable krierids, to form part of an Administration; and did the ii.ight Hon. Gentleman or his friends give, a refusal on.personal grounds, or. on what oth-er rrroands Secondly, Whether • , - Mr. YORKE here rose to order, observing, there was no quest.,:m before the House, and he thought the Hon. Gentleman was iiregular.--- . r. 41; iiairersai. cry .o . I E Move, move I Chair, Chair ! .z.icceed.e.tl) Mr. b ORKE—" The Hon. Member without any motion before the Hbuse, is —(The cry of Citdir, , - Chair ! was repeated) . The SPEAKUR—`` I apprehend that the Hon. Gilutlenian had announced that he was about tb `propose some motion, and therefore I conceived he was in possession of the use ."—(ilear, hear' I) Mr. WOETLEY 'Colleeifttl, that upon an occa sion-so important as the question resi - , , , - :cting the , formation of a new Gover:nuent, he %...ould not have stopped in what he had to soy—rliTear, hear, go on, go o,t j--lie would therelcr. rCstate his first cilestion, namely, " per son 'up to this inorn!ng did mike any to the itightlionburanle•Cietienian or ins friends, to form part of an' ; anti did he (..,r Lacey a refusal on groLnds, or on wnat grounds 6epondly s , " Wheiner in what bud paSliCti,in prOpaiitiOnS, il - ally were nia.le, his friends insisted upon . any, and what cunuis tions i"—rlirear, hear . 1 )% ixar. 1111.13E.I.U'QIICE and Mr..l'ossoNßY rose at. the same moment. The Home generally cal'ica, for 2rir. rousouby, but soumu 0; the filenlas Cade(' for that Gentletnan.—c,The cry Choir, became ui&ersal.) FREEMANILE rose, as he stated, to speak to•the question.—(The cry of Cl2ir was rePeated. At length order being restoz . ed, .„, said--" lithe tlon. .o,lcanier fers harist.if order--(Chcir Le OJ:4 a notice, of course he ha a right to be heai:,l (11,:ar, haar I) but he must ,pl...tce inn:self wiaun the rules uf.debate ue entitled to attention, and not .Leep.the.ilouse v;hen, mZI. fact, were no quesuon."—rifear, he&r Sir . NEWPORT th(11 rose, and said ie pit uid niake e. question.—•` 1 :cove you, Sir, that ine ifouso uo go into a (..;ola tittett on the era jAsilery iclugh. ) -11 t 3 miloulli 3.K.Ut 011•Lic .louse 'to hear' the answers to tll4 tiue:stions prcyposed by the, honotnable Gentie.- an.: not to allow the A,:lutracters, 4 pu,Af:c ii:en to .be witispcied away in , the wanner attenipt ed oe'done.—(Jrdgr i order !). VoRKE at;iin, rose and . declared, that he khew nothing of tic transaction referred to by