The Sun. — London, England, 1823-07-23 00:00:00

vv h 4 , \\ 4 V4 A 4 " ' . • . . . - -41 4 ;ct.., ~, e . \ . :. 0 0 P r 1: 1-4 ( - , ` • . :.. : S . . ~. 4 0 ~---- - , •:4, .-;.;-.-: , _ \ `‘ . ..................__-_-: 0 1111101I(1 IN UMBER 9645. WEDNESDAY, JULY 23, 1823. PRICE SEVENPgRE. DISTRESS IN IREILA_ND. NEW EDINBURGH REVIEW, This Day was pnblished, niice tis. Nu. IX of: THE NEW EDINBURGH REVIEW, • CONTENTS. I. Maclaren, on the Plain of Troy. 2. Porter's Travels in Persia, &c. vol. 2. S. Pennies Epic Poems. 4. Johnson's Indian Field Sports. 3. (Aswan's Life of the Queen of France. 0. Barry Cornwall's Flood of Thessaty. 7. Dr:Gilchrist% Persian Grammar. - 8. Cunningham's Traditional Tales. 9. Scottish Ant iquaria n Transactions. 10. Scottish Music. 11. Low, on the Prospects of the Landholder and Farmer. IV. Brenton's Naval History. 13. Nnttall's Travels into the A rkansa Territ ,, ry, 14. Trials of Margaret Lindsay. List of New Publications, &c. Printed for G. and W. B. Whittaker, Ave Maria•lane, Lon don ; and Wnngh and Innes, Edinburgh. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, INSTITUTED OW THE STII OF JULY, 1822. Art. REDUCED .FARES, aud UNEQUALLED TRAVELLING, "To !nogg, DEAL, • HAMSGATE, MARGATE, 'AND ,CANTERBURY. FOUlt INSIDE COACHES, AND KEEP GOOD TiME, By. S. A. MOUNTAIN and Co. SARACEN'S.HEAD INN, SKINNER.STREET, SNOW ' HILL, LONDON. THE following LIGHT POST-COACHES, and MAILS, &c. set out from the above Ion: ' The " Telegraph," DOVER, Deal, Ramsgate, Margate, Broadstairs, - Canterbury, Fevershani„ and Sandwich, new superior fAst Coach—every Morning at a quarter past Seven o'Clock. In consequence of the decided preference given to the . Telegrajib CoaCh, the Proprietors .are detc•rinified •no expellee shall be spared to render it the first conveyance an the Kent 'Road.. • • BROMPTON,Chatham and. Rochester, Gravesend, Stroud, Sittingbourne, Rainharn, and °syringe, Morning, Quarter past 7, at :Reduced Fares.• - The " Royal Eclipse," FALMOUTH, Plymouth, Exeter, Truro, Bodenin, Penryn, - Ashburton, Totne.ss, Dartmouth, Weymouth, Dorchester, and Salisbury, every morning at seven ; through Honiton, Axurinster, Bridport, Blandford, Stoekbridze, Sutton, Basingstoke, Hartford Bridge, Black water, and Bagal)rit. • •'' • .only WEVMOU'r . (driven through with Two Coactink'tn only), through rtagshot, Blackwater, Basingstoke; Orettoo. Wh;t church, Andover, Woodyeats, Cadmium, Salisbury, Blaeolford, and Dorchester, at a Quar ter past Five o'Clock in the Morning. Packets from We)'- month to Guernses, Jersey, Cherbourg; St. - Maloe's. &c. every Wednesday and Saturday afternoon, at Two o'Clock.. - The " Union," SOUTHAM P.FON, Lynd ugton, Lyndhurst. NVinc.hester, Basingstoke, Hartford .Bridge, Black water, and jtagsbot, New Vont. inside Coach, every Nlaroing at 8 o'Cloeli; arrives at the Coach and Horses and Vine Inn, Southampton, by Five. This is a most delightful Conveyance to the Isle of Night, Jersey, Guernsey, St.. Maloes,.HavrealeGrace, Cher bourgh, &c.—The Proprietors of the above Coach hope to receive a continuance'of that support which has hitherto been experienced since the commencement of the " Union." 'A New light Day 'Coach to'DORCHESTER, in 14 hours only, through Bagshot, Illachwater, Basingsto'se, Overton, Whitchoich, Andover, Salisbury, Woodseats, Cashmore, and Blitodford, at a Quarter past Five o'clock in the morning.— The Proprietors of t his Coach arc Bete mined no expense shall •be spared to render it the first count' ance on the West Road. BATH and BRISTOL Post-Coaches; through Chippen ham, Caine, Marlborough, Heiagerford, Newbury, and Read:' lug, evei y Afternoon -at one; arrive at the Greyhound lien, Bilth t the London Tavern, Thomas-street, and Swan, Bristol, early the. next Morning.—Coaches to Bridgewater, Tallith/11, and Plymouth, - at redoced Fares. .The "-Umpire,', a New LIVERPOOL Light Coach, only one Night ort the Road, carrying Four Inside, sets out Daily at One ; arrives at Liverpool next afternoon at Eve, the Ouglr • Woburn, Lathbury, Northampton, Welford, Lutterworth, Hineklev, Atherstimi, Litchfield, Stone, Newcastle, Knots torsi; Warrington, and l'rescut. • 'SHREWSBURY, Wellington, •and Shane), Light Post. .coach, every Afternoon.—Guarded. • • • BARNSTAPLE and Southinolton New Light Post Coach every Monday, ‘Vednesday. and Friday Mornings, at Seven.. • 'flee " Rockingham," LEEDS light Post Coach, sets ant • . every Afternoon at Two; and passes through Baldoek, tlig gleswadeo.Eaton, Buckden, Stilton, Wandford, Standard, Greet brine,: Grantham, Newark, • Toxford, Markham Moor, Itettoid, 13awtry,Doneaster„and Ferrybridge, arrives at. the Golden Lion lien, LeedS, next Afternoon at Three o'Clock, in time fur the Bradford; Halifax, Skipton, and Hodder's. field Coaches, at Reduced Fares. (driven through .with Four• • COrichnien.outy).—Luggage and Packages only id - pee-lb.— NotAbstanding the uncommon Expedition of this Coach, it is altiiwed to be the most agreeable and complete Public Con veyance un the North Road, being unequalled by any other. .u.iptoWdATE and Ripon new Light Post Coaches, every Afternoon at Two, and Eight in the Morning. GLASGOW, Longtown, Gretna-green, Annan, Dumfries,. Brownhill„Thornhi , Sanquhar-Kilo, Canmock,' Kingswell, and all l'arts'Of Stotland, a light Four inside Post Coach daily. BODGENORTH, Walsal, Shrewsbury, Salop, arid Holy head New• Light Coach, *wet y Afternoon, at reduced Fares. The ",Express," to Qll.4,Sc.arborough, Whitby, Shields, Sunderland, Newcastle, and Edinburgh, a New light Four inside 'NV.. Coach, with' as Guard throughout ; sets out ever y Morning; by way of Newark, Retford, Doncaster, Fe ri ybridge, adeatter, Darlington, Northallerton, Durham, Mot rah, and lierweck, and arrives at. York the next Morn. ing at Twelve o'Clock, at reduced Fares. Driven - through with Four Coachmen only. Passengers finding themselves • fatigued on the journey, may rest what time they. please, and then proceed wi t h out an y additional Fare.- -• MARLBOROUGH avid Swindon, lour-inside Day' Coach, through Aldbourn, Reading, Latnhourn, Porton, Lydingtain Wootton Basset Ratoshury, Hungerford,Nw ebory Pewsey, and Maidenhead. Driven _through with One Coachman only. The New Royal Patent Mail, BOSTON and Louth, through Royston, Canihridge, Huntingdon, Stilton, Petal borough. Deeping. Spalding, Spitsby, Alford, Glia,shy, and Hull, Evening, at Half past Seven o'Clock, Sunday, at a Quarter before Seven. • The " Express," a New Light Four-inside Post Coach to CARLISLE, Penchi', and Whitehaven, with a Guard all th'e way, passes through Appleby. Urough, Bowes, Greta bridge, Richmond, Catterick, lioroughbridge, Ferrybridge, Doncaster, . Newark, Beatty,. Grantham, Stamford, Gree tham, Stilton, Biegleswade, and Baldock. Sets out in t h e Morning, sad performs the journey with the greatest faci lity; at reduced Fares. Passengers detainetton the Itoad by bus;ness or pleasure, have the peculiar advantage of their Seats being secured in the next Coach —The only direct Coach taCatlisle. The New Royal Patent Mail; CAMBRIDaK, through Ware, Buntingford, Buckland, and Royston, Evening, at Halt past Seven o'Clock, Sunday, at a Quarter before Seven. KENDAL, Latcaster„Preston, Kirby-Lonsdale, Bolton, Chorley, Otmskirk, and Garstang Light I'ost Coaches, cvert Afternoon. • The " Royal Express," Now Light Four Inside Post Coach, to LIVERPOOL, in ift hours only, through Warrington, Present, Congleton, Lawton, Newcastle, Itudgly, Knotsford, Storte, Stafford, and Litch6eld, (only One Night on the , Road), every Afternoon ; arrives at the Saracens Head Inn, Dale-street, Liverpool, next Evening, at Eight. The ad vaptages to Travellers who bottom . this Coach with their pre- ferince are far superior to any other on this Road, as the " ROyal Express' is driven I hroughout with Four Coachmen Dilly (Three less than any other Coach to Liverpool), a saving to Passengers too evident to require comment; besides•tbe Aulditional advantage, especially to Commercial Interests, of Jterfortning the journey in less time-than any other Coach ; an d, notwithstanding its cheapness and expedition, the Pro. prietors pledge themselves that for safety and necommodatitto it it equalled by few, and shall be surpassed by none. WAKEFIELD Four inside Post-Coaches, every Morning and Afternoon, at reduced Fares. CH ESTER,Newpot t ,Whitechurch,Tarporl ey, Namptwich, • Nen 4twich.tkMiddlewich Light Post-Coach, every Afternoon. SUNDERLAND, Stockton, and Vertu Light Post Cmteh, every Morn. to the Georg eann, Sunderland , at reduced Fares. M ou ntain's ,r Eirpress," to MANCHESTER, Winslow, Congletun, Newcastle, Walsh!, Wolverhampton, sod Knots ford, new Four Insole Post-Coakfo, every Afternoon. —Only One Night on the Road SHEFFIELD and Rotherham New Four inside Post Coaches every Morning, called " The Express," and also " The Rockingham," every Afternoon, at. reduced Fares. The "Royal Express," New BIRMINGHAM Light Fast Pict Coach, sets ,tut every Afternoon, carryiug• Four Inside only• passes through Warwick, Learnington; Southern, 3,Vection, Daventry, Stoney-Stratford, and Toweester; to the Saracen's Head, Bull-street, BirmingliaM; early the next Morning. Driven through with Two Coachmen only (Two less than any other Coach). The " Expresa, a New Light Post Coach, to HULL, Lin coln,'Northcave, Howden, atotDoneaster, every Morning at Right o 'clock, to the Cross E,i , ys ' Market-( , ha ve , if ul 11 • . and aka A m be '` Roci4ineha" in the Afteronou at Two -o'Clor.k. HERTFORD,Ware,HI odesdon, and Cheshunt Co . ach, at reduced Fares. TOTTENHA NI and Fahrtmlton Conches daily, at Eleven, .lialf-past Two, Five, nod Eight o'clock. tyit At Reduced Fames to Leeds, 'York, and Doneastei Luggage and Packages at only id per imam& S. A. MOUNTAIN and Co. respectfully acquaint the Friends and the Pohic, that they affil tent be accountable for any Parcels. Pas . oenget's Luggage, Wiitings, Plate. &e. of more than Fire Poundit Value,. f lost, stolen, or damaged, • unl ess entered ;Wallah', nn4 Ibu insurance paid accordingly, *t the Sat aven's iirkl Pp; tiner. ! st r., London. Froni the LONDON GAZETTE, 'July 42'2. BANKRUPTCY SUPEMSEDBI3. • J. O'Brien, Broad-street -buildings, Lendon, Merchant. BA NKR UPTS.. • G. Kenning, ChUrch-street, SPital-fields, silkman ' to SUN render,. Jut) , 29, - Aug. 5, and Sept. '2, at ten, at the Court of Commissioners. Attornies, Messrs. Webster and Son,' Qtteen street, Cheapside. J. Sciaccaluga, Old Bailey, London , merchant, Aug. 5,9, and Sept. 2, at twelve, at the Court of Commissioners. At tornies, Messrs. Lavie and Oliverson, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry. W. H. Aslor, Sun-street, Bishopsgate-street, musical-instru ment-maker, July 26, Aug. 2, at twelve,, and Sept. 2, at fen, at the Court of Commissioners. Attorney, Mr. Lester, New court, Crutched-Friars, Lbndon. J. Copp, High-street,-Bloomsbury, draper, July 26, Aug. 2, and Sept. 2, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners. Attor.: ney, Mr. T. Gates, Cateaton-street. It. .11torton, jun. Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-square, paper -hanger, July 29, Aug. 9, and Sept. 2. at ten', at the Court of ) Commissioners. Attorney , Mr. Hill Welbeck-street, Caven dish-square, London. J. liongworth, Liverpool, joiner, Aug. 25, 26, and Sept." 2, at one, at the York Hotel, Liyerpool. Attornies, Mr. Leather, Liverpool ; and Mr. Leigh, Charlotte-row, Mansion-House, London. M. Davies, Bodynfol, Llanfechan, Montgomeryshire, farmer, July 31, August 1, and Sept. 3, at eleven, at the Wvnnstay, Arms Inn, Oswestry, Shropshire. „Attornies, Mr. .T. Rogers, • Lincoln's Inn-fields, London; and Messrs. Minshall and Sa bine, Oswestry. DIVIDENDS. Aug. 14. P. Robinson, Kendal, Westmorland, mercer, at ten, at the King's Arms Inn, Kendal—Aug. 14, T . Parkes, Stourbridge, Worcesterslitte, grocer, at:eleven, at the Wheat Sheaf Inn, Bewdley—Oct. 4, J. Manning, Clements Inn, money broker, at twelve, at the Court of Commissioners — Aug. 23, T. Belli Lincoln, baker, at eleven, at the Saracen's Head Inn, Lincoln—Aug. 16 and 30, T. A. 31inchip, W.' G. Carter, and A. Kelly, .jun Portsmouth, bankers, at eleven, at the Court of COmmtssioners, London. CERTIFICATES, AUG. 1;2. J. B. Inglis and J. Inglis, Mark-lane merchants—J. Baillie, Aylesbury-street; Clerkenwejl, iron-founder—M. Garland,. Bunhill-row, merchant—J: Ilitchins, Littlington, Sussex. farmer—T..Tait 'and J. Tait, Dover-road, Southwark, brewers —J. C. Edwards; Throgniorton-street, stock-broker--0. Brown, New Bond-street, oilman. PART\ ERS II IPS DISSOLVED. Forpe, J. Cragg, and N. Lawrence, Liverpool, earn. mission-merchants—C. and J. Stancliffe and J. Tolson, 'Dal ton, Yorkshire, yarn-manufacturers--J: Mania and .1. 510 ore, Manchester, calico-print dealers—W. Nicholson and T. Ito binson,Woodgate, ,ancaahire, tanners.—J. Hall .& J. Thom. son, Oxford -street, boot-tree-makers—V. Chaplin & R. Easto, Tooley-street, tea-dealers—W. Holmes. W. Deaville, J. Mal kin, and G. Pyatt, Cheadle-Eaves, Stairordshire, coal-masters S. B. Sands and S. French, West Cowes, Isle of Wight, linen drapers—T. Dunn and J. Peacock, Manchester, G. and I. Day, Wollavington, Somersetsbire, lime-burners—J. King and J. Pinn, Kingston-upon-Hull, linen:drapers—A. Kurtz, A. Mann, and 0. Tehbs, Thames-bank-place. West minster' manufacturing-chemists, so far as regards A. Kurtz— .l. and It. C. Shepherd, Bishopsgate-street-withip, trunk makers,-.R. and C. Hodgson . , Long-lane, Bermondsey,• soda water-manufacturers-4. and "S. Stone, Kingston-upon-null, sail-makers—B. F. Hopkins and A. ,Macdonald, Barbican, dealers in tallow—T. and J. Mucklow, Birmingham, stampers and piercers—J. Caton and W. Leckie, Preston, cotton-spin nert—W. Simpson, J. Newton, and It. Simpson, Wallington, Surrey, calico-printers. EXPEDITION FOR EXPLORING THE COURSE OF THE NIGER. ( From the Gold Coast Gazetts. ) The Mission, consisting of Dr. Oudenay, Major Denham, and Lieut. Clapperton, had on their first journey arrived at Mourzouk, the capital of the kingd om of Ferrari,, in the Month of April last, in the best health and spirits, having performed the journey in forty-two days, a distance of 600 miles. On his arriving at Mourzouk, the same house was prepared for them that had been inhabited by Mr. Ritchie and friends in the year 1819, and where he fell a victim to the arduous enterprize he had tindertaken. All those who have read Captain Lyon's interesting narrative of his journey will recollect the delays and difficulties that pre sented themselves to the further prosecution of their object, and the privations they had to encounter and endure, which paralized their exertions by exhausting at once their health and resources. Major Denham, fearing lest his hopes might be defeated by similar means, and all his endeavours to advance to Bourne prove inefficient, decided on the hazardous alternative of return ing to Tripoli—and he describes his journey in the s e made e words ac :— In pursuance of arrangemen t s which you w quainted with by my letter from Mourzouk, I left that place on the 10th of May . , and after twenty-three days of great fatigue arrived here (Tripoli) on the 11th of last month. One Arab Sheik and two camels comprised, with myself, the caravan. — Our usual time was from 14 to 16 hours in the 24 on the march; and in passing the deserts (three and four days in length) al ways 18 hours—the camels - I scarcely ever allowed•to rest. The halt we always made in the middle of the day, to allow the camels to come up, was by far the most trying part of the jour. ney—exposed to the burning heat of the mid-day sun, where nature had not provided shade sufficient for a grasshopper, lying on scorching sand, and nothing to allay our parching thirst but wretched water, which had been for several days in beastly skins, was misery I bad no conception of before. " At night we ge nerally got a little Kouscacous, with some fat and s t--tno bad supper—but a cup of tea was luxury su preme, as it satisfied our thirst and took off the edge of the pu trid state of the bad water. Our fire, which was always made by scraping together the camel's dung which we found, was con sequently uncertain, and even sometimes could not find more than was necessary for boiling a little water. I had a tent with me, but seldom pitched it, we wen. all too tired, and my Arab thought it quite useless. We slipped off our horses, when nearly sleeping with fatigue and heat, the nose bag was put over the poor aniMal's head, and a cord r ound his fire legs. The loose stones were soon cleared for a space large e two mo ments our troubles were forgotten." Fah 'arrangements hav e been now ' made by which it is res hoped all the difficulties, except those of climate may be avoided. Major 'Denham has again get forward to rejoin bus a.ssocatea I shall certainly maktrtlie attempt of irletsuurbrisiner home l e e by the s' th sa e y way of Egypt. • BUILGLA RI RS.--Montlay night some ruthons b r oke open the shop of Mr. J. Rogers, tailor , 61, Goswell street,and carried off a great quantity of wearing apparel. The same night the dwelling..houseThomas lie Wit, copen. ter, in St. John-street, was burglariously entered, apd robbed of wearing apparel, home linen, &c. PROSPECTUS. Agriculture and Grazing, in a soil and climate.so peculiar as those of New South Wales, present so many features of novelty and difficulty, that it must eppear surprising that a Colony of' Englishmen have been settled five and thirty years in the coun try, without associating themselves for the purposes of com municating their mutual experience, and benefiting by their reciprocal advice; still more, for the - purpose of effecting, by means of a subscription fund, improvements in the breed of animals, and experiments in the growth of produce, which are beyond the reach of an individual purse. Soineof the causes of the delay of this great' and . important association in New Smith Wales, lie perhaps in local politics, the cinders of which it will be better not now to disturb : and SO= are doubtlesii to he found in the slowness and scantiness with which free,;emi gration has flowed into a Colony like this. Happily,, this last cause is now in sure and steady course of' removal ; and we cannot but congratulate ourselves upon the nombersand•res:pec tabiliq of the settlers, whdare deily arriving aniong us, under - the 'administration and auspices dont present worthy Governor and Patron.-At any rate we know that the procrastination of this tiesociatien is not to be attributed to eny.selfish or , monopo lous views of •the few 'free settlers, of whom this Colony has always -boasted ; for many of us can remember their constant agitation and desideration of the measure for at least the last five years ; and nothing could manifest this desire.better than the rapidity with which this Society was formed. Upon the first notice of its intention, a large body of the principal land holders and merchants met, and immediately enrolled as its members almost the whole of the great landholders, stock• holders, and merchants of the Colony. The time, indeed, seems now in every way ripe, and fit for its being brought to bear. The greater part of the land on this side of the. Nepean has been the arable cropped out by bad husbandry, and the paSture consumed by surcharge of cattle; so that scientific farming and artificidgrasses have become absolutely , necessary for the continued supply , of the victualling. markets of our towns to which, unhappily, Nature has deprived us of navig . able rivers from the interior. Added to this, the breeds of our elieep and our 'horses have begun to acquire an exportable value and reputation, which can only be sustained by constant re newal, and skilful selection' and attention ; anti it cannot be supposed that his-Majesty's Government wll always continue to incur such an immense outlay ' for the support of convicts (at least in this part of the territory), whom the revulsion of England from war to peace, and the late paper system of British currency, have, for the last seven years, transported in such numbers to our shores. Already have we seen a diminution in those numbers; and the measures of the present 14ca1 Govern. ment will doubtless, in time, diminish their expellee to the Groin; and thus throw us colonists more and more utron our own resources. It becomes us, therefore, to provide for our selves; to make the most of the land we have cleared ; to nn. prove our fleeces, our horses, and our mulch cattle ; to look out for new exports; to improve the present; to distil our own grein, and to grow our own tobacco ; to listen to the official re port of the Navy Board upon the superiority of New Zealand flax; and upon the worth of some of our native timber ; to try whether we cannot grow indigo or collect tannin. These, and many more which the congregated information of an Agricul. aural Society best can suggest, are all important objects in a 1 Colony like this; and it is with these Views that the present ' institution is proposed. It is nothing to the prosperity of a Colony, that one or two individuals possess highly improved cattle or sheep, or can shew a well-tilled field, or a meadow of English grasses; the plantation can only be said to flourish when the means of oh'taining these advantage's ate placed within the reach of all, and when a public spirit of agricultural im provement shall be implanted In the breast of all. Competition and reward (call it emulation or pride if you will) are necessary (human nature teaches us) to excite this spirit ; and, when once roused, personal interest and profit will easily keep it alive. Who, that knows the beneihs.beitowed by agriculture, does not warn at the thought of the good this Society will pro duce, ,when, in its course (after blessing this Colony), it ex tends its influence over this new continent, this new world? connected with this Society are all the improvements in social life, front the lowest labour of the hind, so the most exquisite skill in the Fine Arts •• for these are _us‘s- tus •wisonter efferea nf. the pruspsi „,..„„-- aatte l i ss To us is given by rrovldence, witn the nation, to which we belong, the high honour to civilize this new world, and to give our Religion, our Laws, our Language, and all the civil blessings we enjoy, to this rude, uncultivated wilderness. Having ,said thus much of the importance of our Society to this Colony, let us now point out what appear to be the princi pal objects to be kept in view.—There is no Eden in nature all is from the industry of man. We must do what all nations have done, before us—collect from every quarter what is adapte d to our soil and climate. We must new clothe our adopted country ; we.roust hew down the useless gum trees, and . plant the more useful fruit trees of Europe; and, in lieu of the pre sent 'thin herbage, give to our meadows the rich pasture of Britain. Whilst making our improvements, we must attend to the prudential advice given so many centuries ago, well to con sider " quid mueque ferat regio, et quid quieque recuset."-,I And, when we listen to this advice, we have abundant reason for grateful exultation ; as we are just in the latitude of the finest parts of Europe, where the vine the olive, the fig and the mulberry (which is the food of th e silk-worn) grow; a climate , for tobacco, that friend of the, poor; and a climate for the fine fruits of Asia Minor. And, as the markets may demand, and the price of labour may . permit, hemp and flax, and every other produce not requiring a tropical climate inay be culti vated. When we contemplate our Colony, as adapted to breeding of cattle ? we have great reason to be eatisfled for, with very small eflorts, we have attained to considerable merit i n o u r horned stock; and, though our colony has been formed only five and thirty - years, we have already begun to supply the wealthy in the old established Colonies of India and Batavia with stately horses for their carriages. The importation of still finer breeds, in which attempt no doubt Government will raise our cattle to excellence, and make them eagerly sought for in the markets of those wealthy settlements. In regard to sheep, no country, in so short a time, and with such puny means, has improved its flocks so rapidly ; for, with the introduction of only a very few Merino sheep, there are now entire flocks with fleeces a' little short of the Merino wool in excellence, and thousands and ten of thousands rapidly attaining to nearly equal merit. -With a small present of e ine sheep front his Majesty's !locks, and the free use of the was te lands of' the Colony, our wealth in sheep will be great indeed, and our exports of fine wool to the Mother Country a substantial benefit to her manufactures ; for, in the Colony of Van Diemen's Land, whore the waste lands were freely opened to all, the sheep had increased in 'lll2l to 170,391, whilst the sheepin our Colony the same year were only 119,777. • No doubt, that as this our staple article Increases in estima tion in the English market, every hindrance to the increase of our flocks will be removed ; and, as the lands of Great Britain and Ireland can be more profitably employed in growing the larger carcase and the longer wools, our improvement s will not be envied us by our brother graziers at home.-- In the iin provetncntnf stock, too little attention has, in general, been paid to the introduction of females. The following calcula tions have therefore been made to chew the advantage of intro ducing a fare portion of fenudes. The following paper having been laid before the Society of Agriculture by one of its ablest Members, to shew the advan tage of introducing females, when improving live stock, the Committets has ordered it be printed in the Sydney Gazette, for central information ; as the doctrine, thou gh exemplified in other stack bi applicable to Remarks for the cons id er ation of the Committee on the sub jt•et of importing Merino sheep; spewing the difficulty or int. possibility of obtaining Pule blood without the introduction IN ewes being put t of Merino ewes; to one Merino ram, or to several. D arn EWES WILL I.llfYna THE ONE 1 . 11 - 1 1 4 0 we lambs, which and Ist MSS,will produce the let year, 5 e 25 e w 14111uS i Whieli will 3d year, and 2d cross, produce the 2 we lams whi Oth year, and 3d cross , 1 _ will- roduce the I , ew e lamb b s, which will 7th year, and 4th ‘lOB 3 ewe lambs, wide' ~ produce the 9th year, and nth cross, 1 ewe lands. will produce the , Ilth veer, and, 6t heross, Then, from the fast importation,i pure P Mood could not be useless before the Pith cross ; obtained, the isms being and, at the nire the expiration of II the r sh i ould bete would be only "e ewe and one tam, if even t )ro healthy, or be sue. seeded by a fresh arrival. ill I no blood • ai v l mit no doubt Would be made, but no pure Meri , at the Bth or kith i s en to the fa cross, any accident should p as two or three,ll4l"' and probably it might to so small a number lost ; but if , the grand ob ject, pure Merino b{ oo "t • 1 With ft.few rams score or two of ewes are imported, the Merino blood is safe ; say only 20 ewes ;—these will produce 10 rams for sale, and 10 ewe lambs) suppose 6 years 6 years they (only breed six 60 rams, 60 ewe s, ) years. ' You have then, in only six years, 60 pure ewes and 60 pure rams ; and the first ten ewe lambs having bred, say four, times, will give 20 rams and 20 ewes; and the second 10 ewe lambs, having bred three times, will give 15 rams and 15 ewes; 'and the third 10 ewe lambs, having bred twice, will give 10 rains and 10 ewes ; and-the - fourth, having bred once, will give 5 rams and t ewes. Thus, without carrying the calculation fur ther, you have, in the short apace of six years, 110 pure Merino rams, and 110 pore Merino ewes. hut, as more of the youn g ewes, as the offspring of the first ewe lambs, have now begun to breed, the produce is greater. Thus, in the space of only six years, by Importing a score of ewes, we have at once a flock of pure Merinos, with rams, nearly sufficient to supply the Co.: lony. On the contrary, by importingonly rams, many years elapse must ' before we can obtain pure Alenno blootk; and that in so small a quantity, that the smallest casualty may ran all `our hopes.. it is with peculiar pleasure that we advert to the introduction of,the bee by Captain - Wallis • and, as we have had - no oppor tunity of voting bin s our thanks, it will stet be improper here to make honourable mention of him, as a benefactor to the Co lony. Nor can we quit this subject without saying, that this Society ought to take every opportunity of introducing such subjects as can employ the cottager and his faMily, and repay them for their industry and care. Though separated irons the rest of the civilized world. and from the nation to which we belong, by an immense ocean of many thousand miles, Yet our nation must see, with great satis faction, the exertions which their friends, their coon try} men, anti fellow-subjects are making in this most distant of the 'British Colonies ; whilst the Government, conscious of the advantage of possessing prosperous settlements, will, when informed of our wants, liberally assist us. We ought, therefore, on every occasion, and by every means, to whew our loyalty, even when suffering under any regulations, by which our pro sperity may be retarded, and whilst suing for the removal. After connecting ourselves, by; every mark of loyalty, with our Government,. the next 'connection We should form should be With the Board of Agriculture, and the principal Agricul tuna Societies, not only - in our Mother Country, but also those of foreign countries. To the Patrons ' f'A gricultur e, amongst the Nobility and great Land-holders at home, we should Make known our Institution ; for, we have no doubt that, for so good a purpose, these Patrons of Agriculture will take a pleasure in sending from their own private stock what may be requisite to improve our own. To the British Consuls in climates similar to our own, we ought also to, 'present our address; for, if not universally, here and there a friend will be found, who will send us what may be congenial to our clithate. • No body of men can more effectually assist us than the Mer chants and their Captains, by bringing us from foreign countries what is adapted to our climate. Vessels, touching in the winter Months at die Madeira, or the Cape, and other countries noted for their wine, their figs, or their olives, might bring what, in a few years hence, may constitute the grand sources of the wealth of this Colony. The foundation of a fine' vineyard, for instance, may behrought in cuttings of the vine from the Madeiras, the Canaries, or it te.Cape in a rejected empty water cask. To give the Menno fleece to three hundred thousand sheep, to improve four thousand horses, and breed them for exporta tion, and to give the Hereford or Devon carcase, or the Sulh4k udder, to a hundred thousand head, of horned cattle, are no Mean objects of pursuit, but are highly honourable to a Colony of only thirty-five years standing. That the same unanimity which has prevailed in our Society, may always continue is our wannest wish ; and we trust that, by the benevolence of our views, and the utility - of our labours, we shall be respected and cherished by our brother farmers wherever we are known, andbe thought worthy of the patronage of the Government here, and at home. 11 ,* We have been favoured with the fdregoing Report respecting a Colony which is likely to become one of the most important and interesting portions of the British empire. The Report must be highly gratifying to the people of this country, partieulsrly as it is marked by good sense, and candour, art well as by valuable information. It is With.feasure we acid that to I•ta. —vt: --e'r ITS there is a long list of most respectable Sub. scribers, by the Governor, Sir Ttios. Ilarsaaivt, Ke4 -13 ., q.L. & E., and Corresponding Member of the French Institute, -„ P A." ° F UNIX HA' .nll Esq. 1 Ell., AS V.ll T 0. 1, 4 , tk , f • Judge of the Supreme Court, as lentsints.-T. IRELAND. TWELFTIror JULV.—DESPETIATE AND FATAL RIOTS. • (Frani the Dublin Evening Post.) Extract of a letter froin Moriaghan, dated Al on any, July 14 " The memorable Twelfth lilts not passed away without being marked by a lamentable and fatal occurrence. I'he neighbour hood of Crikfkieran (where one man lost his life this time twelvemonth) has again been distinguished by a still more tragical event. I have made every inquiry into the origin and particulars of this transaction, but the accounts are so various and contradictory, that, to avoid giving 'publicity to what niay not be true, I think it safest to state briefly what follows, on the truth of which perfect reliance may be placed. " An Orange Lodge, which meets in thel house of a man named Hamilton, nearly midway between this town and Ar magh, had marched on the 12th to :Middleton. Apprehending that they might be attacked by the country people on their re turn, several of them were provided with fire-arms.. Thus prepared,:tbey marched homewards unobstructed till they came to a place called Skerries, where they joined some people who were on the road ; these people, one of whom, it is sworn, had 'a pitch-fork in his hand, marched on in the rear of the Orange men till they came to a place named Cran, where a great num ber of men and boys were standing on the road-side. At this place, it seems, insulting language was used to the Orange men, and stones were thrown at them by some of the boys. The Orangemen, on being thus provoked, turned upon the people and tired ; one man fell dead, and five were wounded ; three of them mortally. It can scarcely be the case that the Orange party escaped without injury ; yet, although I have made the most particular inquiries, I cannot learn positively that any of them were seriously wounded. " Six of the Orangemen have surrendered themselves, and been committed to Armagh jail. " An Inquest was held yesterday on the body 'of the unfor. tunate deceased, but I have not heard the result: The Inquest, 1 am told, was attended by Earl Caledon, Sir James Strong; and several resident Magistrates. " Three of the people who were wounded are lying in the infirmary in this town ; and their examination have been taken at the instance of the Crown Solicitor, Government having trans. mitted express directions respecting the prosecution of those concerned, without favour to either party. " Examinations have also been sworn by several of the Orange party agaimit some of those who were wounded." From the Aretery Tekgraph.l On Saturday, the 12th instant, about 5 o'clock in the even ing, the Orange procession was returning froM Armagh, anti were about one mile anti a half from Ready, in the town. land of Sturgim ; the procession was attacked by a large as. semblage of people called Thrashers, armed with hatchets, turf-spades, pitch-forks, shovels, stones, &e. When the Orange procession (a small party) came opposite to the Thrashers, Mr. Smith, the master of the Lodge, son of the late Rev. Dr. Smith, of Madden, desired the drummer to cease playing and pitt up his drum, for that they would pass them as quietly as possible, and not' be the first to give provocation.t One of the Thrashers, however, came forward, laid hold of Mr. Smith, and held him till two others knocked hith down with a sledge-hammer ! The Orangetnen then, iii their own defence; fired on the mob, who made a general attack with the above-ruentioned weapons on the Orange party. Dr. Magee, of Beady, was sent for to dress the wounds. of Mr. Smith and his brother, and several of the Orange party, who were in a very dangerous state from the dreadful wounds they received ; he was afterwards sent for to dress the wounds of some of the Thraahers, three of whom are reported to be dead, . a nu and m tier of them dangerowily wounded. Nearly about the same time, a similar affray took place about two miles on the other side of Kestly, in Which it is stated two of the Orangemen were killed on the spot; and it cannot yet be ascertained how many of the Thrashers have antlered. An infamous wainan has been committed to Galway jail for perjury. She first charged aCatholic Clergyman, on oath with having committed a double offence of deep criminality—and afterwards aware that Ached &hely accused - him, having been instigated to the wiekedness by a Police Officer. TO THE NOBILITY, °ENTRY,' 141.i*E i skoNs, BANKERS, MERCHANTS, AND MASTER MA NUVACTURLIM The state of Ireland has been discussed,might after night, in Parliament, during the greatire part of the Session, which has just terminated. The distress of its numerous populatioo has beeti.pro claimed by all parties; yet no measure has.heen .adopted that can, in the mind of any .practical man, give hope of relief. No one now attempts to palliate the extent of that distress, nor the danger which it creates; and, in consequence, all anxiously seek a remedy. . The remedy required is, to employ and to unlit,' the population. The Government, the Legisla ture, and the most enlightened and best disposed individuals, have sought, for the means of RCet;tl.l... plishing both or even one of these objects ; they have, however, exerted all their powers in vain, and Parliament, foiled in its efforts, separates f‘o the year, leaving the evils with which Ireland is afflicted, to go on extending in every dbectiun. Why is Ireland thus abandoned, as if the laws of nature had doomed her to perpetual misery'?. Iles the Government refused to interest itself in her behalf ? Iles Parliament declined to in vestigate the cause of her grievances ? Have in.. dividuals' or associations withheld from her their assistance, or is the British empire destitute of capital, or of any other means requisite to afford her relief ? No ; none of these causes of ewe. plaint exist. There has been, I believe, a sin cere and honest desire on the part of Adminis tration, Parliament and People, to diminish the sufferings of Ireland to the utmost extent in their power, consistently with the preservation of the present system of government in that Island ; but, under the present system, they find it im practicable to afford her relief. For this result I was well prepared long before Parliament commenced the business of the past. Session. I was, however, anxious to see the mind of Parliament fully engaged, end exerting all its powers in this cause, that it might demonstrate to itself and to the public, how utterly unavailing all such efforts must prove. The British empire possesses industry, skill, science, capital, and !midi far more than suth cient, if properly applied, to support, in high comfort, fourfold its present population. At this moment, one-third of our actual popu lation is in the lowest state of poverty and de- gradation. Ought such an anomaly longer to exist among the most wealthy and intelligent people that per haps hare ever yet inhabited the world ? But can this state of things be altered ?—Call a beneficial change be effected, without produc ing any evil in its progress ? Is it possible to in. troduce another and a better system, without creating violence 3 irritation, or anger, or without t i ihr iiitbßl (re.st of any one I tion which I can give t 1 subject, I state my victim) that all this is practicable, and that the most ample means are now at our disposal, t o ploy and to Unite the population of Ireland. Those wbo take an interest in this subject I ' invite to meet me at the City of London Tavern, Bishopsgate, on Tuesday the 20th instant, when I will endeavour to explain in what manner these objects may be attained. Bedford.square, July 22, le3. .11,0111 MT OWEN: CITY BUSlNEss.—Yesterany tne IiORD MAYOII. held a Court of Aldermen at Guiltlhall for the dispatch ' of public business. A peti tion from the Company of Watermen and Lightermen was presented to the Court, praying them to revise their by-laws, and. increase the present rate Of fares payable to' watermen, which was read and referred to committee of the whole Court to consider and report. Upon a statement from the Chamberlain, of the'present surplus of the Orphans' Fund, Court directed the sum of •83001. - to be paid off, and the usual notices issued to parties interested: , Commissioners of the Court of Requests for"the mouth of September next wbte appointed. It' was ordered by the Court, that brokers apply-' ing out of Court to be admitted as Custom.hoase Agents agreeably to the lute At should 'pre‘i-; ously obtain a certificate at the Town Clerk's Office, of their being regularly admitted and sworn as brokers,. and the Lord Mayor wits" thereupon requested to sign the i inme , sh ou ld his Lordship be satisfied that the parties applying are fit and proper persons, recommending the 041- missioners of his Majesty'S Customs to admit them accordingly. POLICE OF NEW SOUTH W ALES.—lntirnEttioti was given on Saturday at the different Nike- Offices, that it is the intention of GoNerninenf to establish a Head Police-Office at Sidney in:, New South Wales, from whiCh other ,offices of a similar nature are to emanate ; and to effcct which an experienced Police Magistrate, clerk; and eight officers or police-constables, at a liberal salary, are to go from London to serve for tick; years, at the end of which period they will he; at liberty to serve fora further term of five yeztrl, or return home; when a free passage and every s expcmce will be selected for those who volunteer their Aervices ; amongst the hitter, Old thoe who has been already accepted, is Charles 11,( ad, oft . ilattott-garden. The Magistrates base issued orders for the suppression of " Mo./us" am) Chinrick" fairs.; pursuant to the power: , vested in them by the N ew p o n ce 'Art, "Iriim furs nre dechited.tiot to ha've been warranted by any charters.