The Sun. — London, England, 1846-01-02 00:00:00

THE SUN', LONDON, ritinAT EVENING. JANUARY 9, me . if to entreat me not to desert them. And, in the mag nificence of my emotions and the beauty of my visions, the wordly sarcasms that had lately so shaken me seemed something of another and a lower existence; and I mar velled that, for a moment, this thin transient cloud could have shadowed the sunshine of my soul. And I arose, and I lifted up my arm to heaven, and waved it like a banner, and I swore by the Nature that I adored, that, in spite of all opposition, I would be an author, ayl the greatest of authors, and that far climes and distant ages should respond to the magic of my sympathetic page." Is not this painted to the very life ?—the agony of the proud spirit bowed down even to the dust, and the glorious energy of conscious intellect rising with new vigour, resolved to dare and conquer all ! But we will not linger with the young Contarini, we leave him to seek the sunny shores of Italy, the be loved country of his dreams—to find the ideal mistress of his heart, and feel the ecstasy of a poet's love. We leave him and turn to "Alroy." This is a very different theme, written in another style. It is the history of a conqueror. Like Contarini, it is a perfect picture; we behold the gradual development of character—we Perceive the diffurence of each separate part, yet re cognise the unity of the whole. Alroy is a daring, high. spirited youth, descended frcm the royal line of David, yet born in captivity. His soul burns for freedom, his ardent spirit pants for the liberation of his countrymen, for the restoration of the ancient glories of Jerusalem. The love of conquest is not yet developed, it is the holy spirit of a patriot, and a believer that animates his breast. His genius finds a way, his daring achieves the glory ! Behold him a conqueror in the land of his captivity ! Bagdad is in his power—now is the time to march to Jerusalem, but the tiger has tasted blood, the lust of pomp and power prevails ; why should he go to Jerusalem ? Is not Bagdad as great and glorious ? He stays and finds a Capua at Bagdad! All this is beautifully and faithfully related ; the gradual decline as the hero sinks into the conqueror is true to nature; we admire, we pity, and we comprehend. " Brief, bright, and glorious was his young career." His better genius exerts her influence at the close, the setting of his sun is glorious as its dawn. We have had many histories of conquests, but this is the history of the conqueror. Yet the style is even more beautiful than the tale, a story of the East, it is clothed in all the gorgeous splendour of Oriental ro mance, our translations of the " Arabian Nights" are tame in comparison ; but then they are translations, and this is original. The style is solemn, musical, and harmonious; most of the descriptions are in the flowery language of the East, in slow, melodious measure, breathing the spirit of true poetry. If anything could mar the harmony, it is an occasional rhyme, but hap pily these are few and far between. Amid these poetic beauties, these magnificent descriptions, ever and anon we find some sudden startling passage, some senti ment of wisdom and philosophy,which bids us to lay aside the book and think ; these examples are nume rous. Perhaps one of the most striking is the follow ing :—" We make our fortunes, and we call them fate." In these passages we recognise the genius that con ceived " Sidonia." It is needless to say more regard ing these volumes ; those who have not read them may look forward to the perusal with pleasure, and those who know them will be glad to read them again. The first volume contains a portrait of the author, from a likeness by Chalon. It was evidently taken some years back, and represents him "Still fresh with the brightness of youth." As such it forms a fitting accompaniment to a work (to use the beautiful language of Contarini) written " while the dewy freshness of youthful fancy still lin gered on his mind." THE STUDENT'S HELP. By Guido Sorelli. Since the first confusion of tongues, innumerable systems have been advanced to facilitate the acquire ment of different languages. Some have proposed tuition orally, some tuition by books, some tuition by means of tables arranged in a peculiar and mathe matical order. In the present little brochure, its author endeavours to aid all students in Italian and French literature by a method of very ingenious sim plicity. The plan, which is entirely his own, is nothing more than the introduction of three parallel columns of letter-press in each page—first, Italian, then English, then French. By this arrangement the mode of learning to translate from either is left entirely to the option of the teacher, who may at one time, by concealing the original text, require his pupils to give a literal version from one or other of the foreign dialects, or at another proceed upon the opposite principle. In the development of this novel system Guido Sorelli has selected the largest portions of Genesis, Leviticus, Deuteronomy, &c., as specimens of the manner in which the three languages should be placed in juxtaposition ; and if the publication be not precisely adapted for the generality of scholars, it is deserving of notice from its feasibility as well as its eccentricity. Whether it would not have materially improved this rather unpretending work if its com piler had expunged the metrical lessons at the end, is possibly a matter of opinion ; but we must em phatically protest against such extravagant vagaries of verse as that in which Guido Sorelli exclaims— " Stand off, ye stars! nor more in union'd joy illume a world." Still more do we protest against the in troduction of anything like fanaticism, or bigotry, or controversial zeal, in connexion with an elementary book of this nature—a book thar circulates among parties too youthful and inexperienced to be able properly to estimate the merits or demerits of any religious tenets. We would remind Guido Sorelli that one of the most divine attributes of Christianity is charity, and that another is justice; and that, con sequently, if he wishes to claim kindred with the followers of the Nazarene, he should never imbue a school-book with malignity towards one body cf men and sycophancy towards another. As a teacher of youth he labours, in this respect, under a heavy re sponsibility. Saving, however, this very great blemish, the small volume before us is elegantly worded and usefully conceived. JUVENILE CRIMINALS. • (From the Chronicle.) Under the lies of " Mansion-house," in our police intelligence of Thursday, will be found a report of seine excellent observations by the Lord Mayor, in the cour,e of es Lich he appeals to whet he terms " the powerful press of the metropolis" to aid him in directing theat tention of the public and the Legislature to the necessity of providing adequate provision for the reception and reformatory discipline of juvenile criminals. No reader of the Morning Chronicle requires to be informed of our ready sympathy with his Lordship's feelings. For years we have seiz'd ever y ava il a bl e o p portun i ty o f dwelling upon what, in the language of the Lord Mayor, is " the most painful of spectacles," the " crowds of helpless, half-naked children," who swarm in our streets, and become, as if by a fatal necessity, the victims of crime and the permanent feeders of our gaols and our penal colonies. The immediate case before the Lord Mayor was a very common, though a very afflicting one. Three boys, the youngest eight, the eldest twelve years of age. were brought before him. One of them had been seen by a benevolent gentleman to commit a petty theft ; and lie caused them all to be brought up to the Mansion house, with the view of having their apparently desolate condition inquired into, and to see if there were any means of arresting their progress in what the chief civic magistrate of the greatest city in the civilised world was constrained to call " their road to certain destruction." The necessity for something effective being done is even more urgent than probably the Lord Mayor was himself aware of, when he made the observations to which our attention has been called. Hitherto the public have been under the impression that there was in England a reformatory institution for juve nile criminals. When Lord John Russell brought in the Bill for establishing Parkhurst prison, he expressed himself as not being very sanguine as to the results of the insti tution. This was both prudent and decorous in a states man officially propounding a measure which was a first step in a new system of penal jurisprudence. Still, the prison was distinctly uuderstood to be an expriment, in the way of juvenile reformation, by the State, and up to the date of the last annual report from Parkhurst prison, it was so understood, not merely by the general public, but by the officers of the institution. The last annual report tells us of the mode in which 105 young pri soners have been disposed of. Eighteen were sent to Western Australia with conditional pardons ; three were pardoned on medical grounds ; two were transferred to the Refuge for the Destitute ; and no less than seventy-nine were " removed to Millbank for transportation." For this unusual occurrence the governor of the prison deems it necessary to furnish a special apology. " The number of prisoners," he says, " sent back to Millbank for transportation last year, was, from peculiar circum stances, unmually great. A number of ill-disposed and discontented boys having been discovered, who mani fested no desire to avail themselves of the course of in struction and training pursued at Parkhurst, but mis chievously employed themselves in unsettling others, it was deemed expedient to remove the greater portion of them, and the salutary effect of that step has been very apparent since that time in the improved conduct of the remaining prisoners." It now appears that there is not the least necessity for making selections amongst the prisoners at Parkhurst. They are all destined for trans portation. Some time ago Mr. Sergeant Adams, acting in his official capacity as chairman of the Middlesex Sessions, was moved by a similar scene to that which drew forth the earnest appeal of the Lord Mayor. We noticed his observations at the time, and concurred with the Learned Sergeant as to the necessity of ob taining some information respecting the intentions of the Executive with respect to Parkhurst. An official reply has been received, in answer to a letter from Mr. Sergeant Adams ; and this answer we give at length in a separate column. From this we gather the startling fact, that, in future, no juvenile prisoners are to be sent to Parkhurst who are not destined " finally" " to be sent abroad ;" and all magistrates at Quarter Ses sions, when selesting candidates for Parkhurst, are to bear in mind two qualifications which Sir James Gra ham considers to be essential : first, that the age of ad mission is " fourteen," and, secondly, that the " size and stature" are proportionate to the age. Whatever benefit, therefore, Parkhurst prison may prove to be to the colonies, it is clear that, so long as the present Home Secretary is in office, and adheres to what he terms his " uniform rule," there is little chance of any cure being effected of that ulcer of vice and ignorance which is eating into the heart of our social condition. The re marks of the Lord Mayor were re-echoed by the chief clerk, Mr. Goodman, who, with reference to the case then before the bench at the Mansion-house, declared that though he had been but a short time in his present position, he had seen an infinity of similar in stances. " There appeared," he said, no approach to an abatement of th e evil, which was certainly one of the greatest ma tnitude" And nothing but an effort of comprehensive character will cure such an enormous mischief. " There was no calamity," said the Lord Mayor, " comparable to that which sprung from that of bringing up youth in habits and practices of idleness and vice. The Legislature spent hours and d a y s i n di scuss i ng the principle of edu cation. Could the minds of the representatives of the people be more admirably, more benevolently employed, than in devising means of correcting the awful evil which was alwa3s before the eyes of the magistrate, and was almost as frequently encountered by men concerned in the ordinary transactions of life." We press these remarks on our readers ; and, iu the language of Mr. Goodman, we could name more than one "benevolent high-minded man" in the House of Commons who might take up this question, make it his own, and, surmounting at once its obstacles and its difficulties, free us from the absurdity of having to concentrate the whole form and power of our criminal law upon a mere infant—an ab surdity almost as ludicrous as it would be to employ a locomotive engine in hunting down a butterfly. DISS PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY.—The ninth anni versary of this increasingly popular Society was celebrated at the Crown Commercial Inn, on Tuesday last, the 30th ult., when upwards of fifty gentlemen sat down to a sump tuous dinner, served up in Mrs. Winkup's first-rate style. Mr. Thomas Farrow took the chair, and was supported right and left by the principal gentry of the town, who gave de monstrative proof of the interest they felt in promoting the welfare and prosperity of the Society, by their liberal sub scription to its funds. A good dinner and the usual loyal and patriotic toasts having been duly disposed of, overtures, glees, songs, &c., followed each other in rapid succession. Among the former, the "Caliph of Bagdad" and "Figaro were played with considerable spirit and precision, and each elicited well-merited approbation. "The Harvest Song," by Mr. Owen Whayman, organist of Eye Church, accompanied on the pianoforte by Mr. Grey, organist of Dias Church, was beautifully sung, and called forth raptures of applause ; as did also " Hurrah for the Gipsy's Jovial Life," sung by Mr. Charles Garrod, iron -founder, of Eye, which was deservedly encored; but the song of the evening was " The Pleasures of a Philharmonic Meeting," by Mr. J. B. Rix, which elicited deafening and lasting shouts, and which added much to the hilarity of the evening. In fact, the whole of the entertain ments went off with eclat to the performers, and satisfaction to the company. The thanks of the meeting were unani mously given to Mr. Redgrave, the talented Secretary, fo r his judicious arrangeme n t s , and for his zealous and indefati gable services duringthepast year.—From a Correspondent. A letter from the Hague, of the 26th ultimo, con tains ihe following :—" We have lately had great changes at Court. One of the King's aide-de-camps and two of the Queen's chamberlains have been dismis ed. The aide-de camp Is Admiral Arriens, who was tutor to Prince Henry, the King's third son, who is now a full captain. The King is said to have been highly dis atisfied with the manner in which be has brought up this young prince, whose cavalier manners show that he has been neglected and too much indulged. It is also rumoured that Admiral Arriens had laid claim to the office of Mi 'Aster of Marine, b•it in dis regard of this it was given to Admiral Ryk ; upon which Admiral Arriens so far forgot himself as to suffer discontent to exhale in expressions personally irreverent towards the King. The disgrace of Baron . de Mackay. the Queen's Chamb,rlain, arose in the following manner :—At the in auguration of t:.e statue if William the Taciturn. th.l Queen and Princesses viewed the ceremony from the bale ny of the I alace. A slight rain came on, and the Queen requested the aron, who was behind her, to procure her an umbrella. According to court etiquette it was the baron's duty to go himself, bring the umbrella, open it, and hold it over her Majesty's head. The chamberlain, however, ordered a lacquey to do what he ought himself to have done. The Queen said nothing at the time, but very shortly after the ceremony Baron de Mackay received his discharge from office. The third dismissal is that of M. Nan Brienen, jun., the Queen's other chamberlain, and who is indebted for it to his having, while with the court at its last visit to Luxem burg, appeared at the court entertainments without his offi cial costume and insignia." GLASGOW Pm IRON TRADIL—DECEMBER 30. There seems to be a very good feeling this week, speculators looking forward to the French Legislature modifying their tariff r« garding foreign iron. Cash transactions, however, have been very few. In the present state of our market, three or four thousand tons forced, for cash, would not com mand 70s. ; while, on the other hand, were as large a quan. tity wanted at once, 755. would require to be paid. One of our largest makers has this week (or end of last week) made a contract with a house in town for 2,000 tons, at 80s., paying a small deposit, the iron to be delivered when required. The sellers were open for further contracts at one shilling advance. The price we quote as 725. ed. It may be interestin g, close of the year, to note some of the fluctuations w hi c h have taken place : at the January price 655. to 70s. per ton. February 120 s. March Fiom this period till Ist June prices gra dually receded to June July August September / October S From that time it has gradually fallen to the present quota tion of THE Ray. MR. NEWMAN.—The above gentleman, together with several other clergymen who have lately left the Established Church, are making arrangements to take up their residence at old Oscott College, which is situate about one mile from the new establishment. The immediate object of their removal to this residence is not stated, but it is believed that their stay is intended to be more than tem porary. Mr. Newman's library at Littlemore, which it is said consists of about 3,000 volumes of the choicest literary and ecclesiastical works, is in progress of removal, and exten sive alterations are being made at the above college for their reception. 575. 6cl. 80s. 60s. 85s. 90s. to 975. 6d. ~ DEATH OF SIR EDWARD DODSWO RTH , B AR T.—We have to notice the demise of Sir Edward Dodsworth, Bart. We hear the respected Baronet died on Wednesday, at Thornton Hall, his seat, near Bedale, Yorkshira. He was born in 1768, and married in 1804 Miss Dawkins, youngest ug Dawkins, ofSt a a s n s d u 3 m , ly ed nc t h h , e W n i a l i t n s e . o d thedaughter t rof 11r death 01fh. his father, thfi first Baronet, in 1789, he suc ceeded to the baronetcy, and in 1821 he o li f er 7 t D in o g ds t w , or , t i h, t ' a ' tiensloiefuhoifs te his patrons rnie Mr. John ' F. Smith, on grandfather,in- Dodsworth, Y Thornton, Yorkshire. having died without issue the') trlnetcy and estates of Thornton Hall and New land Parki evolve to his brother, Mr. Charles Dodsworth, now Sir Charles, born in 1775, and married in 1808 to Miss Armstrong, only daughter of Mr. John Armstrong, of Lis gold, and grand. daughter of the late Lord Blayney. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. THE BROAD AND NARROW GAUGE ENGINES. -EXPERIMENTS FOR TESTING THEIR TRACTIVE CAPACITIES. YORK. WEDNESDAY NIGHT.—The experiments, under the Commission, were resumed here this morning. The experiments yesterday with the 50-tons trains were con sidered so inconclusive, in consequence of the high wind which prevailed, that it was determined to repeat them to-day. The hour appointed for leaving the station was nine o'clock. The train left at 9h. 2m. 10s., accompa nied by Professor Barlow, Professor Airey, Mr. Watson, Mr. Brunel, Mr. Saunders, Mr. Gooch, Mr. Bidder, Mr. Wyndham Harding, Mr. Berkley, Mr. Cabry, and about a dozen other gentlemen. The day was a favour able one. There was alight breeze to the north, and the rails were in a very fair condition. Contrary to the prac tice observed in the experimental trips upon the Great Western Railway. the train did not stop at the first mile post, and commence its experimental trip from a state of rest. Instead of doing this, it passed the post at the rate of about eight miles per hour. The following is the working of the train for the 43 miles, that is mea suring from the first mile-post out of the York station to the mile-post on the York side of the Darlington station:— h. in. s . Passed Ist Mile-post at 9 6 30 9 8 30 9 10 0 9 11 13 9 12 25 9 13 30 9 14 36 9 15 44 9 15 55 9 18 5 9 19 15 9 20 28 9 21 39 9 22 49 9 23 59 9 25 8 9 26 18 9 27 28 9 28 33 9 29 48 9 30 59 9 32 8 9 33 20 9 34 38 9 35 48 9 37 0 9 38 11 9 39 25 9 40 36 9 41 48 9 42 58 9 44 5 9 45 18 9 46 30 9 47 43 9 49 5 9 50 24 9 51 44 0 0 0 9 54 12 9 55 30 9 56 48 9 58 10 9 59 58 22 23 24 25 Time each mile in Seconds. ... 120 ... 148 The time occupied in performing the distance yester day was 1 hour 13 minutes 53 seconds, or at the rate of something less than 35 miles per hour. It will be seen that to-day the same distance was accomplished in 53 minutes 28 seconds, or at rather less than 48 miles per hour, the maximum speed (between the sth and 6th mileposts) being nearly 55 miles per hour. The wind of yesterday may therefore be considered to have offered a resistance equal to above 13 miles per hour. The return train with the 50 tons left Darlington station at I Ih. 21m. Os., and passed the first mile-post at 1 lh. 22m. 18s. The following is the working of the engine : s. Passed Ist Mile-post at 11 22 18 2 ... 11 24 58 11 26 28 11 27 53 11 29 29 11 30 42 11 31 58 11 33 10 11 34 23 11 85 42 11 36 55 11 37 12 11 38 29 0 0 0 11 41 50 11 43 8 11 44 22 11 45 35 11 46 42 11 47 48 11 49 0 11 50 11 11 51 28 11 52 43 11 53 56 11 55 8 11 56 19 11 57 31 11 58 41 11 59 51 12 1 5 0 0 0 12 3 26 12 4 32 12 5 43 12 6 59 12 8 11 12 9 23 12 10 33 12 11 43 12 12 53 12 14 2 12 15 12 12 16 24 32 33 34 35 ... 160 ... 90 181 78 74 73 67 ... 141 70 70 69 70 The duration of this trip was 54 minutes 6 seconds, which shows a speed of upwards of 471 miles per hour. The maximum rate (between the 18th and 19th mile posts) was somewhat above 54 miles per hour. The next experimental trip was to have been with a 60 tons train ; but the weather was considered so favour able for the time of the year that Mr. Bidder proposed to take a train of 80 tons. This was agreed to, and at a few minutes after two o'clock several other passenger carriages were added, and the train proceeded towards the first mile-post. To make this interesting trial of the new narrow-gauge engines' tractive power with a heavy passenger train, I am about to give a table showing the wcrking of the broad and narrow-gauge engines with the 80-tons train, and it is therefore right I should state that the broad-gauge engine made her trip with a pretty good head wind against her, and that the narrow-gauge en gine had a light breeze with her during the whole of the journey. It is also necessary to state that the broad gauge engine commenced her working from a state of rest, and that the narrow-gauge engine passed, at the rate of about 12 miles per hour, the first mile-post, from which I reckon the time of her performance. This will explain the reason of the apparent loss of time by the broad-gauge engine for the first four miles. It will be recollected that the distance gone over by the broad-gauge train was 52 miles. I have taken the first 42, and then the working of the 52d mile, in order to get performances as nearly parallel as possible. ' Narrow Broad Guage. Guage. Narrow Gauge. Time Time r .------A--, each each Time Time Mile Mile lost gained in in in in Passed the Seconds. Seconds. Seconds. 'Seconds.' first mile. h. m. s. post at ... 2 938 2 2 11 48 130 122 8 0 3 2 13 18 90 118 0 18 4 2 14 34 76 90 0 14 5 •2 15 52 78 80 0 2 6 2 17 11 79 74 5 0 7 2 18 25 74 75 0 1 8 2 19 40 75 68 7 0 9 2 20 52 72 68 4 0 10 2 22 5 73 74 0 1 11 2 23 18 73 73 0 0 12 2 24 30 72 70 2 0 13 2 25 48 78 65 13 0 14 2 27 8 80 65 15 0 15 2 28 26 78 66 12 0 16 2 29 40 74 68 6 0 17 2 30 54 74 67 7 0 18 2 32 12 78 67 11 0 19 2 33 84 82 68 14 0 20 2 35 0 86 68 18 0 21 2 36 22 82 69 13 0 22 2 37 44 82 69 13 0 23 2 39 0 76 69 7 0 24 2 40 18 78 69 8 0 25 2 41 40 82 72 10 0 26 2 43 0 80 71 9 0 27 2 44 20 80 71 9 0 28 2 45 34 74 71 3 0 29 2 46 50 76 70 6 0 30 2 48 14 84 69 15 0 31 2 49 32 78 71 7 0 32 2 50 50 78 74 4 0 33 2 52 8 78 73 5 0 34 2 53 25 77 71 6 0 35 2 54 42 77 70 7 0 36 256 0 78 70 8 0 37 257 28 88 70 18 0 38 259 0 92 71 21 0 39 3 030 90 71 19 0 40 3 155 85 70 15 0 41 33 18 83 70 13 0 42 34 42 84 72 12 0 43 34 42 8 4 73 11 0 44 3 8 8 11 8 102 16 0 narrow gauge lost y; the loss, in fact, This shows that in the 43 miles the 397 seconds and gained 26 seconds onl being 5 minutes 53 seconds. From this table it is seen, that with good weather to day, the same engine upon the same line, and going over the same gradients (for curves there are none), took 80 tons 43 miles in 58 minutes 30 seconds, or in l 5 minutes 23 seconds less than she took 50 tons yesterday with a side wind against her. The average speed upon the narrow-gauge line, with the 80 tons, will be seen to have been about 44 miles per hour, with a maximum speed of 50 miles per hour, while the average speed of the broad gauge was 47f miles per hour, with a maximum speed of 55 miles per hour. The 80-tons train was not brought back again to York by the same engine. I have not heard what experiments will be tried to morrow.—Herald Co; respondent. THE BIRDS IN ST. JAMES ' S PARK.—This collec• tion, which belongs to the Ornithological Society, at the pre sent time contains upwards of 300 birds, including 21 species and 51 distinct varieties. Although some of the specimens occasionally wander to some distance, but few com paratively aro lost, as they generally return, even after a long absence, the secluded plantations and islands being quite congenial to their habits. The mortal remains of the late Col. Gurwood were removed for interment, from Brighton, to the Tower, where his obsequies will take place. The appointment of Lieut.- Governer of the Tower, which has become vacant by his demise, is in the gift of the Duke of Wellington. As to the eulogium which follows, it is as empty as it is mawkish ; and it requires much more logical and LITER U RE. NARRATIVE of tim AT EXPLORING EXPEDI TIOA to the ROCKY MO VA TAINS in the YEAR 1842, crud to UREGOA and NORTH CALI FOR . NIA in the YEARS 1844 5. By Brevet Captain J. C• Fr emo, tof the Topou.aphical Engineers. ti ail a illap and Must, ations. This is a remarkably interesting and well-timed Wo rk. The design of these expeditions was a military e xaminati on o f the country between the Mississippi and an the P ac ifi c Ocean on the line of the Great Platte, the South Pass, and the Columbia, with a view to the Maintenance of American imagined rights over a r emote and interesting region. The military exami nation was th e first object, but science came in f o r a re ee the commander's attention ; and sextants, refracting circles, thermometers, and barometers, as p e wli -.. as , rifles, formed a part of the young officer's g l u LPlllent. The result of the combined objects is an I ' lll ense collection of geological, botanical, geogra phies],,, and meteorological information, mixed up "itn the details which would enable a general to o rn r areh an army, or an emigrant to move his family to tategvaeln.u;e..: 3 7 . el from which a statesman might judge the country, and a farmer choose a resi oe in it. These expeditions have been made, the erst R in ' l2 ' terminating at the South Pass in the "Ii id Y Mou n t a i ns; the other i n 1844-5, extending to tbhe tide. water of the Columbia, and thence south, ia vast circuit, through the unknown region n c)* t he Alta California ; forced ' forward, when "nee involved in them, by mountains and onto ese rts, which carried the expedition far out of its a ded course, and exposed it to perils and suffer ga) only to be compensated by discoveries full et str • • co ange and romantic interest, among people and untries never before described. The journals of the two of , : e xpeditio ns h ave b een pu bli s h e d j ust in th e " nick" b' e ' l4l e, when th e O regon i s t h e great b one o f contention sid: e ,,en two great countries. Towards this vast tract the 4. of emigration is now rolling, and the eyes of of r °Pe and America turning, and for the dominion workunding s v wh ich diplomacy is now weaving its webs, and it its alarms. To quote from such is would be almost impossible, so intimately "e Portion connected with another. It is filled With d d es . 4 ventures hair-breadth 'stapes, and graphic la cripti a __ . ! hi. " 3 The personal merits of Captain I re e-',• in these expeditions have been great, and evince a r t alent for comman d an d f ur en t er p r i se . With bi n av erage o f twenty -fi ve men, an d no officer to aid 44,0'_fi he has made ten thousand miles of march, to g tribes of savages, without ever being expord a s ! er Prise or d e f ea t. Without the aid of scientific „msta that : n ee) he has so en riched his report with science, a 't se ems to have b een t h e wor k o f pro f ess i ona l t s h e bcra4 ; His work was lacking to complete the 'new (which Lewis and Clarke commenced) of 11; „ ge at region fr o m the Mississippi to the W i e e kle Ocean, and it has come at the exact moment G rA n , it was most wanted, and will be most useful. a i;•, 4 ' events are impending, of which Oregon is the sze ‘ ,• English rights and honour are at stake, %,„ 's civilised world pauses to see, perhaps, the aa r of the third great contest between the old stock As the . Young shoot of the Anglo-Saxon race. gofera literary composition it would be unjust to se the report. It is evidently the transcript of e at Made in the fields and is what such notes would alvtatellin,srea II Y be --a brief and rapid delineation .. of all that e h , and in the order in which it was seen. No h Pt is made at fine writing. In place of that we sad den truth and vigour, and the fresh, vivid,. and law en descriptions which come from a man in the has of action, and who has something else to do wr„"es talking. Still many passages are powerfully cler aLte h i and the work betrays nothing in the style to katetgate from the novelty and importance of the W ell e ! .. . , The whol e ma y b e rea d w ith pleasure as Nal q 3 benefit, and we heartily commend and re end mend it. The volume is illustrated by a map ~,hoBonie fine lith ograp hi c ill ustrat i ons ; an d no one Wh o es to k now any thi ng a b out O regon ( an d does not ?) should fail to read it. Ti:/ .8 pertE W TIMON : a Romance of London. Part I. s pe sed P two poets are not more diametrically op era, ' both in materials and composition, than are si an uhe and Byron ; the one as copious in imagine preeina_s in lang uage , th e ot h er f ormal, didactic, and th e 'e• Neverth e l ess , th e present poem combines viitilehara. eteristics of th ese t wo writers, and that try' o ut, in the slight es t d egree , injuring its symme -4 Re * Ma ny of its descriptive passa ges smac k o f th a t N l la i o t4ene ss and truth which rendered " The Bo tl,, gh so popular, whil e th e ana l ogy t racea bl e in these ek : 3 Productions may b e dis cerne d more c l ear l y in that 11 - „" r avagant affection for antithesis which was so I ,rn i , c3 rously sign a li se d i n th e "R e j ec t e d Add resses ." "n as an i ns t ance o f thi s, th e li nes It it was notmirth, for mir • th she was too still, twas not wit, wit leaves the heart more chill ut that continuous sweetness, which with ease Th e r i esses all round it, from the wish to please." to th e " r ty b i l :n o c f e, on the other hand, which it bears Byron is, if possible, more con leiliperae°3us than the preceding; the forcefulness of its stir easul l° ns, the energy of its allusions, its alternate every :nd sentiment, recalling to our memory at i c ,` Childe Harold" and the " Age kaurely the author must have re tt;ittniriieiscirt° arn of f ger 4eei fi' ' l , l of the spirit which actuated the, "'len h - " rAglish Bards and Scotch Reviewers,' str ec , t e Penned the subjoined allusions to St. James's ``- ; Along l s l°wl' a rh at space the blood-hound crowd array'd To t o t h a ' t und the shrine where last the Stuart pray'd; 'T? ie l r iek th:P fn ' t ee the self-same blood-hounds run o f r e : throe:telt of e Stuart's yil o er son! And there 4 rlsa nd b m th dusk-rEd t werl—amidst his ring Th e di d Dutchman king; , piheers—rode the Th er l / 4 0ut, thot 4 ..ngland's Goneril titr ill to hear ? th,p e r , wh ere , k r iumplvd o'er her crown _ d Tee denry ch `Lie gaslight streams on Crockfor 's d oo r , swift ' where uckled at the jests of More. p aus You gaze upon the I n ed it „ d muttered, ' shall I have that See ?' " 13° Vver s Panic4l46-sing, however, these specimens of his the writer an imitator, we by no means wish to deny e nntr arx er any pretensions to originality; on the ea esp ee '• W i e s hall presently have occasion to point, in s oale of ia ma nner to his originality in analyzing A s far E L , ° t 11 ! most remarkable political characters. to f or _ his first portion of a poem will permit us in itself an °Pinien' the story which it embodies has i 3 li kely effectl to Much that is dramatic, and much also that prod uce a humanising and generous purpose OfPon the min ds of its readers. The main Pourtra the romance, as its title indicates, is to se que Y. a being sated with riches and its con a•he__"l Indolence, and a being at the same time b, 'e affections are hardened into misanthropy Or a lack f h 11 , la f ., i , o sympathy and kindliness in la 4 ,'"Ow-man. M . e - orvale, a half-caste, (who bet ty _ u hero), .an offsprin g of unmarried love li ve "eh an English chief and an Indian maiden, de east: 4 4 first knowledge of e x i s t ence among those li ste ' r a regions where " the couched strangler" his a ns for his victim, and " the fell s er p ent, with efte:eathful eye," sports among the under wood. Here, fre, (l h aving depicted the lawless and self-willed 1) 04 4411 which the young alien acquired during the into of his abandonment, the author hurries him ja ap .lne midst of civilisation, removing him from the for t li e i nto the drawing-rooms of London, trans- Of 0 ,,n? him from an indigent outcast to the master epp o P r u t i enoe and grandeur. These alternations afford ohr,_ .uunities for very striking contrasts, and of these siCrratfinities the author has availed himself with con from t h e t act. Many agreeable contrasts result fir st ese circumstances the future Timon being . rape circumstances the future Timon being bder seLited under the shade child delightingin rambles as a 1 4bl y ex , sreas ade of melancholy boughs," or, as it is b u t ong ; 1 ; „ 'arse "rocking his passions on soft waves sa suinpt-urouPourtrayed as the owner of a desolate, s ound s °e w erew o n l y s ansion in the metropolis, whose . fitfully '' jared into joy" by the which SCRne ‘, s M or , l °tare festival." The scene in ° l r e Pha n Luc 4 ? extend s a sheltering hand to the gr ' e s, and the is pencilled with an exceeding sweet eereY_ stre ets _sudden outburst of sunlight over . the . '1 a ~i . , 4 t the very instant the young girl dm- Poetry W . ' e teeto r • tures at stir ,is one of those touches of true . are que b eimit the heart's blood with their pic " Z tie scen e LY - , But the most remarkable and val e Ti man `;' that with which the first part of the oe 8 hale. s i s , is concluded, namely, where Mor- Wl e i rl°°ki ng ther Calantha is seated at her window, ere e spot "where Villiers flaunted and _ ,ze Sedley 3 " 7 , L 8 to intr n d u ng —an occasion which the author Lu e moat -t'ee sonie very clever profile likenesses T heSe b "t e ° ll s th e i r , erSOn ages Picuous statesmen of the present day. b„ hey t o ti , are supposed to be pass ing by on Kiars ree .`le Parliament Houses, and as each ap r et elv es a , " appropriate cluster of adjectives. an d fa • t l'e el, the appropriate • - by right otio ns au , Great Riddlemeree of all sects w , ~ , parties, takes precedence, as it were ay u nuu ° ' Ms competitors jogging over the road. well 1 .- that ver , is so T iv. flo wn to y sedate-looking cob wh i ch Ta .,' gist of every lounger in Parliament-street. "Y be our author's eau t i o at -Mim e d u , .opinions upon the Premier tr a i t -u s trot the pin his ejaculation, "And still the , _ .oe t h e Duke of mind betrays." The por utll4ately afterwardsof Wellington, which comes imine delin as f ar as ,is quite a daguerreotype of the ~,,,s n easin u or his regards his appearance, but as a t"'ol_4l.ken 'which , mental character it is extremely "Nets a nitY, with the exception of the few ~W e have Next v , it , , selected below : S'ilir ti lan ui: 3 ose rein and careless canter view oer t h e /"I mop, the Prince f W • o aterloo, T he firm I,rlb brow the hat as firmly With' bh aPe ri i 1 in In— the err g (the buttoned vest; iii.nd the close ' n which the fire has proved, illll'3 the w Sparta of a mind unmoved! ill finely lavixtlth to some large natures lent, ~,, aot liberal .sun se.v?n where mispent, I up, , l it, sen _}s e affectionof exuberant soul, , - listed _ otr7. warmin g up the whole. Liriir d fi s t _c ae. In . and his veriest passions halt, 'i?)4; _ 3., : e , t 1 virtue, disciplined each fault. ~,42 n e er wrong, if circumscribed "en th e p ros e ~ the sight, Stator ea throu _p et and it ne er is right, , seet : the telescope of habit still, a cal4 P, and all the world—a drilll" argumentative powers than are possessed — by the author of the " New Timon," or even by Colonel Mitchell himself, to prove that the " iron image" of Wellington would indeed look gallimtly beside "Marlborough's tomb, or lest Napoleon's throne !" For a picture of any one but O'Connell none could mistake the following forcible lines:— " But who, scarce less by every gazer eyed, Walks yonder, swinging with a stalwart stride? With that vast bulk of chest and limb assign'd So oft to men who subjugate their kind; So sturdy Cromwell push'd broad-shoulder'd on; So burly Luther breasted Babylon; So brawny Cleon bawld his Agora down; And large-limb'd Mahmoud clutch'd a Prophet's crown! Ay, mark him well! the schemer's subtle eye The stage-mime's plastic lip your search defy. The blood all fervour, and the brain all guile— The patriot's bluntness, and the bondsman's wile." After having thus mentioned that great embodiment of Irish turbulence, and glanced for a moment on the errant (not knight-errant) Lord Stanley, whom he styles the " Rupert of Debrte," our author sketches Lord John Russell in these peculiar terms : Next coo], and all unconscious of reproach, Comes the calm Johnny, who upset the coach.' How formed to lead, if not too proud to please— His fame would fire you, but his manners freeze. Like or dislike he does not care a jot; He wants your vote but your affection not; Yet human hearts need sun, as well as oats — So cold a climate plays the deuce with votes. And while his doctrines ripen day by day, His frost-nipp'd party pines itself away;— But see our statesman when the steam is on, And languid Johnny glows to glorious John! When Hampden's thought, by Falkland's muses Brest, Lights the pale cheek, and swells the generous breast; When the pent heat expands the quickening soul— And foremost in the race the wheels of genius roll!" Mixed with some shrewdness, a dash of erroneous sarcasm, and an occasional indication of drollery, these outlines of our contemporary rulers are not altogether unworthy of the men themselves, while the introduction of them tends considerably to render the other portions of the romance doubly piquant and zestful. That the " New Timon" is the produc tion of no inexperienced pen, that the imagination of its author is modulated to a classical composure, that he is no obscure observer of the social or political ad vancement of this age, is evidenced in every para graph. Whoever he may be, he need not disown his offspring through fear of its demerits. CONTARINI FLEMING.—ALROY. Romances by B. Disraeli, M.P. 3 Vol. _ _ _ Mr. Disraeli has been greatly celebrated during the last few years for his brilliant and satirical speeches in the House, and his admirable delineations of modern society. The new generation look to him with confidence. He not only thinks deeply, but speaks boldly : the first to denounce a narrow pre • judice, the foremost to support a righteous cause. Though entirely differing from him in political opinions, at least in what regards the outward form, we cordially agree with the principles he advocates, and regard him as a real reformer. The flimsy dis guise of political dishonesty, the empty subterfuge of the hypocrite, give way before the breath of his withering sarcasm, while the wronged and the suffer ing find in him a powerful friend. His pen is ever ready in their cause, and speaks the language of a feeling heart. Such are the qualities which have gained him the approbation of the multitude, such the qualities which h ave excited the enmity of the few. It is in a very different character he appears in the works now before us. These were written many years back, and are now republished for the benefit of the new generation. Here we scarcely recognise the philosopher and politician so much as the poet. To write the story of Contarini Fleming was a bold and original undertaking, but it was successful. The author's object was not to chronicle the adventures of an ordinary being, to indite a common biography; his aim was to pourtray the rise and progress of genius, to develop the formation of a poet. It is not a record of events and accidents, but a history of ideas, and thoughts, and passions. " The noblest study of mankind is man." The most glorious subject of contemplation is the human mind—and what mind can compare to a poet's ? Ah, what a combination is presented to our view ! what burning desire for fame—what high ambition—what thrilling hope, and gloomy, hesitating doubts—what bright hours of inspiration—what days of joy and nights of sorrow ! Now raised to the loftiest eminence of blissful anticipation—now sunk to the lowest depth of despair ! The creature of extremes, feeling joy and sorrow in the uttermost degree—and love, the most ennobling of all human passions —how pure and holy is the love of a poet ? From the gorgeous realms of imagination he brings a thousand unknown charms " to clothe with excel lence the thing beloved ;" he paints her beauty with colours borrowed from the heaven of his fancy ; he bows in ecstacy before his idol's shrine-- his mighty spirit yields a passionate adoration. To delineate such emotions Contarini Fleming was undertaken ; it was a daring task, but its intentions are fulfilled. It is, indeed, written con amore, with the ease of one who comprehends his subject, with the truth of one who has himself experienced the feelings he describes. Fortune placed Contarini in a situation well calculated to develop genius. Nursed amid the cold snows of the north, the young poet yearned for his mother's lovely land, the beautiful Ausonia, ignorant of a mother's love, so dear to all, above all to the children of genius, with a heart glowing with fond affection, he found few to love, and none to comprehend him. We sympathise with the lonely sorrows of the friendless child, we follow with interest his career at school and college, we see him ever the creature of extremes—now the gayest of the gay, the leader of mirth and folly, gaining the hearts of his comrades by his lively, ardent temper—now studying Greek twelve hours a day, and winning a golden medal amidst " classic cheers"—learning the philosophy of Voltaiye, and flying from the world to the depths of a lonely forest to be the leader of a band of robbers. His strange education thus concluded, he returns to his home and enters public life. He consigns his wild poetic effusions to the flames, and devotes himself to politics with all the ardour of his nature. His father filling the post of Minister, he is introduced to the Government under his auspices ; here he waits awhile, versed in all mysteries of poli tical intrigue, regarded as a promising statesman. But the ruling passion of his life is strong, and again exerts its influence ; he flies to solitude; there he pours forth the feelings of his heart in a bitter satire of his recent companions—his ministerial colleagues are not forgotten. " Manstein" is published without its author's name ; it excites immediate and universal attention. In describing this portion of his hero's .l an i ro f t e ree , r7 M oac r re . dass. Disraeli seems to have anticipated the pub lication of his own " Coningsby," some thirteen years thationTeLefihiele3dEnsciateemoeunntewlphaircthin the history celebrated of " Manstein." C o ntarini roud mingled with the gay crowd, he heard all a e ‘ xg a a n m t at . ion ? s , like the following Have you re ad n must get it directly. The oddest book t n hat eAvehr;Wlsu written. We are all in it, we are all in it I There is the Baron de Bragnaes—he is really hit off to the life—very satirical—very odd—very personal—all in it—must get it—very witty—very flippant— everybody is reading it. It is full of imagination,. w ea rea l and very personal, very personal, indeed; l in it. You are there !" The name of the author is soon discovered, and Contarini finds himself sur rounded by enemies ; this troubles him little ; he cares not for the smiles of the world. There is one thing he cares for, however ; it is thus powerfully described : "About two months after the publication of Manstein,' appeared a new number of the great critical journal of the north of Europe. One of the works reviewed was my notorious production. I tore open the leaves with a blended feeling of desire and fear, which I can yet re member. I felt prepared for the worst. I felt that such grave censors, however impossible it was to deny the decided genius of the work, and however eager they might be to hail the advent of an original mind, I felt that it was but reasonable and just that they should dis approve of the temper of the less elevated portions, and somewhat dispute the moral tendency of the more exalted. " With what horror, with what blank despair, with what supreme, appalling astonishment, did I find myself, for the first time in my life, a subject of the most reck less, the most malignant, and the most adroit ridicule. I was scarified, I was scalped. They scarcely con• descended to notice my dreadful satire, except to remark, in passing, that, by the by, I appeared to be as ill tempered as I was imbecile. But, with all my eloquence, and all my fancy, and all the strong expression of my secret feelings, these ushers of the court of Apollo fairly laughed me off Parnassus, and held me up to public scorn, as exhibiting the most lamentable instance of mingled pretension and weakness, and the most ludicrous specimen of literary delusion that it had ever been their unhappy office to castigate, and, as they hoped, to cure. The criticism fell from my hand. A film floated over my vision; my knees trembled. I felt that sickness of heart that we experienc e i n our first serious s cra p e . I was ridiculous. It was; time to dv,a; authorship t o me ? die. " What did it signify What did I care for their flimsy fame—l, who not yet of age, was an important functionary of the State, and who might look to its highest confidence and honours? It was really too ludicrous. I tried to laugh. I did smile very bitterly. The insolence of these fellows 1 Why! if I could nut write, surely I was not a fool. I had done something. Nobody thought me a fool. On the con trary, everybody thought me a rather extraordinary person. What would they think now? I felt a qualm. " I buried my face in my hands ; I summoned my thoughts to their last struggle, I penetrated into my very soul; and I felt the conviction that literary creation was necessary to my existence, and that for it I was formed. And all the beautiful and dazzling forms, that had figured in my youthful visions, rose up before me, crowned monarchs, and radiant heroes, and women brighter than day; but their looks were mournful, and they extended their arms with deprecating anguish, as COURT CIRCU LAR. WINDSOR, THURSDAY.—This being New Year's-day, the Queen, Prince Albert, the Duchess of Kent, the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, proceeded to the riding-school this morning, to be present at the distribution of the royal charity to the poor of the borough. Her Majesty was attended by Viscountess Jocelyn and the two Maids of Honour. There were also present Lady Peel, Lady Graham, the Dowager Lady Lyttelton, Honourable Miss Lyttelton, Lady Fanny Howard, Lord W. Russell, Mr. G. E. and the Honourable Mrs. Anson, Colonel Bowles, the Hon. and Rev. C. Leslie Courtenay, Sir George and Lady Couper, Colonel Berkeley Drummond, and also the clergy and the magistrates of the town. The royal party having arrived, the distribution of provisions and clothing took place. The provisions, of the value of 1501., consisted of bread, meat, potatoes, pudding, and coals, and were distributed to 486 families from the two parishes in the borough of Windsor, viz., the parishes of St. John and the Holy Trinity. The clothing was of the value of 1001., consisting of blankets, red cloaks, calico, and flannel, and was dis tributed to 228 families, selected in a similar manner from the same parishes. Seven hundred and fourteen families thus participated in the royal bounty, receiving in value 250/. On the return of her Majesty and her Royal Consort, his Royal Highness went out to hunt with his harriers, accompanied by the Earl of Lincoln, and attended by Mr. Anson and Major-General Wemyss. The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert left the Castle to-day. Colonel B ouver i e has arr i ved, a n d has succeeded Waitin g on hi s R oyal Highness Prince Major-G eneral in Sir Edward Bowater in the duties of Albert. Her Majesty and Prince Albert promenaded in the pleasure-grounds for som e t i me this at'ter„oon . The royal dinner party this evening will include her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, Lady Fanny Howard, Baroness de Speth, Lady Isabella Wemyss, Rev. Lord Wriothesley Russell, Mr. Geoff ge Edward and Hon. Mrs. Anson, Colonel Sir George Couper, and the Hon. and Rev. C. L. Courtenay. The band of the 2d Life Guards attend during dinner. Her Majesty's private band afterwards attend in the Castle. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge attended the service in Grosvenor Chapel yesterday morning. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial•office for the Governors of the West India Colonies. MINISTERIAL MOVEMENTS. Sir Robert Peel, accompanied by Lady Peel, leaves Windsor Castle this morning for town, after a visit to her Majesty since Tuesday last. The Earl of Lincol❑ and the Right Hon. W. E. Glad stone also close their visit to the Quecn, and return to town. It is expected 0-at Sir James Graham will remain at ,he Castle until to-morrow afternoon. The EArl of Aberdeen, the 'Earl of Haddington, and ,he Right Hon. H. G.ulburn are in town. We hear that there will be a Cabinet Council on Monday next. The Earl of Ellenborough will take possession of the First Lord's residence at the Admiralty in a fortnight. The Earl of St. Germans comes to town to-day from Port Eliot, his seat in Cornwall, and will forthwith enter on the duties of Postmaster-General, in the room of the Earl of Lonsdale, who had placed his resignation in the hands of Sir Robert Peel prior to the Right Hon. Baronet resigning a few weeks since. Both the Earl of Ellenborough and the Earl of St. Germans are to have seats in the Cabinet, but they will not enter as members until after the next Privy Council. The Duke of Wellington is expected to arrive at Aps ley House either this evening or to-morrow, from Strath fieldsaye Hants, and the Noble and Gallant Duke does not intend to return there to receive company this winter, as his time will be fully occupied by: public business.— Mornin g paper. DEATH BY SCALDING.—An inquest was held yesterday (Wednesday), before Mr. Delassaux, Coroner, at Ashford, on the body of a child, named Charlotte Elizabeth Taswell, whosa death had resulted from scalding. While seated around the kitchen fire, on the 23d ult., with a number of other children, she attempted to stir the coals, when the top bar of the range broke, and a saucepan of boiling water fell over, by which she was severely scalded, and died the same night. A verdict of "Accidental death" was returned. —Kentish Owner. DEATHS AMONG THE ARIS- TOCItACY. The number of Peers who haver died in the course of the year 1845 is larger than usual, the nuwber havin beer► in 1313, 20 ; in 1844, .19 ; %Nhile this year it has a.rnounted to 28, viz., four Marquises—Sligo, Westmin ster, Downahire, and Ely ; thirteen Earls—St. Germans, Effingham, Mornington, Romney, Egremont (extinct), Abergavenny, Stamford and Warringtcin, Dunmore, Grey, Spencer, Verulam, Belmore, and Portarlington ; one Viscount—Canterbury ; and ten Barons—Aston (extinct), Wynford, Carbery, Harris, Seaford (inherited by Baron Howard de Walden), Bateman, Montagu (ex tinct), Hartland (extinct), Stuart de Rothesay (extinct), and Wharncliffe. Their resp-ctive ages were as follow : Earl of Dunmore .. ...... 41 Eart of Vernlam - 70 Earl of Belmore ...... ..... 44 Baron Hartland Earl of Abergavenny 55 Baron Seaford 74 Marquis of Downshire ... 56 Baron Aston Marquis of Sligo 57 Marquis of Ely • 76 Earl of Egremont ......., 58 Earl of Effingham. ...... Earl Spencer .. 63 Bhron Wvnford Baron Harris Earl of Porta rlington 64 Earl of St. Germans Baron Bateman .. 65 Earl of Stamford and War- Viscount Canterbury 66 rington BO Baron Stuart de Rothesay 67 Baron Carbery Earl of Romney 67 Earl Grey Baron Montagu Baron Wharncliffe ......... 69 , • Thus averaging 68 years. The number of each rank who have died during the last three years was : In . • 1843—Dukes, 3 ; Marquis 1 ; Earls, 8 ; Viscounts, 2 ; Barons, B—total, 20 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 6. In 1 844—Duke, 1 ; Marquises, 2 ; Earls, 6 ; Viscounts, 2 ; Barons, I—total, 19 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 3. In 1845— Marquises, 4 ; Earls, 13 ; Viscount, 1 ; Barons, 10--.. t ital, 27 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 6. • Totals—Dukes, 4 ; Marquises, 7; Earls, 27; Viscounts, 5 ; Barons, 24 --tOtal, 66 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 15. , • The number of Baronets:deceased in 1845 is twenty one, namely—Sirs J. Colt, C. Mackenzie, J. G. Cottcrell, T. F. Buxton, H. Oakley, J. Isha.m, H. J. Ti c hb orne. G. 11. W. Beaumont, W. S. Wiseman, A. R. Dillon, J. E. Honywood, F. Freeling, E. Barry, J. Mordaunt, W. W. Pepys (inherited by Lord Cottenham), C. Rowley, M. J. Tierney, W. Foulis, W. Reid, L: Jones, and J. Chetwode. In 1844 the number was 29, and in 1843, 31. The following Members of the House of Commons have also vacated their seats by death during the last year—Hon. Otway Cave, county of Tipperary ; Colonel Rushbrooke, West Suffolk ; Sir %V. W. Follett, Exeter ; Joseph Somes, Dartmouth ; Alexander Murray, Kirk cudbrightshire ; Benjamin Wood, Southwark ; Colonel E. B. Clive, Hereford; Peter Grsenall, Wigan; Sir John Morduunt, South Warwickshire ; John Ramsbottom, Windsor ; and John Irving, county of Antrim. PRINCESS'S THEATRE. The crickets are now merrily chirping away at almost every theatre in Lo n d on , an d l as t n i g ht t h e Cricket on the ilea th, of the Princess's, commenced its chirp, and was as merry and as successful as any of its compeers. It is sufficient to say, that Mrs. Stirling was Dot, for our readers to be assured that the character was grace fully, touchingly, interestingly sustained. Mr. Ryder was a rough and energetic representative of John Peery bingle, but he is not equal to Emery. He has yet to learn that it is possible to be intense without being boisterous. Compton's Caleb Plummer was not only the best acted character in the piece, but by far the best Caleb Plummer that has yet appeared. He made up the part beautifully, and was in perfect keeping throughout. It was a fi n i she d p i cture b y a most accom plished. artist. Li tt l e Mi ss Marshall made a most inte resting Bertha, and Miss Somers a humorous Tilly Slowboy. The Stranger was very well acted by Mr. Leigh Murray. The contrast between the decrepitude of extreme age in the earlier scenes and the joyous energy of youth in the concluding one, was admirably brought out. The mounting of the piece was excellent, and the appearance of the fairies was very well managed. The house was crowded, the applause was enthusiastic, and at the conclusion the audience would not be content until they had called all the artistes before the curtain. ON TIIE NEW PLANET, DISCOVERED BY PROFESSOR ENEKE, AND CALLED BY HIM " ASTRAA," AFTER THE GODDESS OF JUSTICE. Ye elder-born of God's bright family! Receive the sister to your circle given, And bid her welcome to her place in Heaven! And ye, 0 sons of earth, when in the sky, Her glimmering lamp ye trace, and by her name, Call her, Astrw.,a—lift your hearts on high ! And pray that He wlese star did once proclaim Good tidings at this season, years gone by, May bless this omen likewise for a sign Of better things! Injustice, Fraud, and Wrong, Have ruled the desolated earth too long; 0 may the year that marks the new star shine, In Haven above, behold on earth as well Ai tnea—exil'd long —return to dwell! R. F. SUICIDE.—On Thursday evening an inquest was held at the Pickled Egg public-house, before Mr. Wakley, M.l'., and a jury, on the body of Mr. John Cundale, of the firm of Cundale and Morgan, Italian warehousemen, 42, Am well-street, I'entonville. On Tuesday last the inhabitants of Holford-square, one of those new ranges of buildings springing up so rapidly in the northern part of the metro polis, were alarmed by the sound o:* a pistol-shot. The square is within a few perches of the Clerkenwell Police -court, and Marryatt, police-constable 31 G, being on duty there, and hearing the report, ran to the house, 34, in the square, whence it proceeded. On entering the first floor front room he was shocked at the spectacle before him. The floor and one of the windows were besmeared with blood. The upper pert of the head was quite blown off. and the skull was quite emptied of its contents. The weapon with which the un fortunate man destroyed himself, an kat horse-pistol, lay be side him. The ball passed through the window, one of the panes of which was broken. The constable sent for Mr. Mullard, a surgeon in Percy-street ; but it is needless to say the man died instantly. Seven bullets, a card-case, and a spy %lass were found in his pocket. The body was removed to the workhouse. The house in which he committed the rash act is not yet finished, and mechanics were at work in the lower past of when the shot was fired. So bent was he on suicide, that on leaving home in the morning he left his watch behind him, and divided one of the leaden bullets w.th which he loaded the pistol, that the work of destruction might be more effectual. The inquest was adjourned. There is no doubt of the deceased having died by his own hand, but the jury, from the imperfect evidence, were not able to say he was insane at the moment. SUICIDE OF A YOUNG GENTLEMAN BY PRUSSIC ACID.—On Wednesday, Mr. Wakley, M.P., C oroner , h e ld an inquest at the Six Bells public-house, Hammersmith, on the body of Mr. George Hampton Trenchard, aged 19 years, who committed suicide by prussic acid on the night of Sun day last. Mr. William Simpson deposed that he lived at Bradmore House, Hammersinith, and is a surgeon. Deceased was witness's pupil, and was about 19 years of age. He was a member of a highly respectable family. Deceased was found dead by witness on the night of Sunday last, about half-past eleven o'clock, in the green-house at the bottom of witness's garden. He found the deceased lying on the floor on his side, and he appeared as a drunken man would. Mr. Gatleff, another pupil, was with witness. Witness imme diately felt deceased's pulse and found him to be quite dead and cold. Deceased had been with witness about eighteen mouths, fourteen of which he had been an articled pupil. Had noticed no change in the conduct of the deceased pre vious to his death. Deceased was generally very good natured and steady. Witness judged that he was not quite of sober habits from having missed a quantity of tincture of cardimums, which had been afterwards watered. From the evidence of other witnesses, it appeared that a bottle of prussic acid was found in the green-house, and a letter was also found in the handwriting of the deceased, in which he stated his intention of taking prussic acid, as his only re source of happiness. It further appeared that the cause of his distress was an accusation made against him by his fel low-pupil, the truth of which he admitted, but had received forgiveness. The jury, after a short consultation, returned a verdict--" That the deceased destroyed himself by taking prussic acid while in an unsound state of mind." _ ASYLUM FOR FEMALE ORPHANS, WESTMINSTER BRIDGE-ROAD.—On Thursday afternoon, the general quar terly court of the Governors and Directors a the abovewas cha rity took place at the board-room in the institution. 1 o i s ng tate p d re t a l c ia h t er tl t ie o re th w e er a e sy t l e u n in c , a v n a d e itt r es b } f • or th t e heofliceofmn resignation, and r not demise, of the Rev. W. R. Wylde, A.M., as previously stated by mistake. Out of these ten, four had preached their probationary sermons; and the fifth candidate, the Rev. H. C. Knox, would preach his on Sunday morning next, in the chapel of the institution, in the presence of the Duke of Cam bridge, the President of the asylum. After the usu a l rout i ne e xpressed themselves p ass ing and examining bills, &c.,had business, such as been Poets of the t h r i a g t h i s l a y e t g e r t a l , t majority i t ti h e e dby the ti o o f u t r h i s e h m i n e g e t i i ) n r g o s Institu tion, and then broke up. THE LATE BISHOP or JER USALEM.—The will of the Right Reverend Michael Solomon Alexander, D.D. the first Bishop of the United Church 13, announced England tmou n e ed and Ireland l a r N e e l and takenin J eru salem, whose d ea th we recet place in November last, has just been proved in London; the personal effects in this country were sworn under 7,000/. It appears to have been made just previous to his Lordship's de parture from this country for foreign E see, being and datedabotit a l amt December, hafter his consecrati on t o 18 . 41. He has left t o h is execu t ors an d t rus t ees , th e R ev . John Christian Reichardt, clerk, and C. 11. Corbett, Esq., both residents of London, the whole of his property, real and personal, in trust for his wife, to receive the interest for her life while unmarried, and at her death, or second mar riage, then to his children absolutely. (Signed) "M. S. Angel Ileirosol." The Eight Reverend Prelate had only presided for four years over this newly established Bishopric in the Ottoman Empire, which embraces Syria, Chaldea, Egypt, and Abyssinia. His death was sudden and unexpected. having left his residence to attend a visitation of a part of his diocese, and accompanied by his wife and daughter was proceeding across the Desert from Syria, on his way to Cairo in Egypt, when near Balbeis, and within a few hours of reaching his intended destination, a sudden stroke of death terminated his labours on the 23d November, 1845. His remains were carried to Alexandria for interment —Post. SECESSION FROM THE CHURCH.—The Rev. Edgar Estcourt, M.A., of Exeter College, Oxford, was received a few days since into the Roman Catholic Church at Prior Park, near Bath. Mr. Estcourt is nephew to the Member for Ox ford University. —Post. GRETNA-GREEN MARRIAGES —We lately insertedin our columns a paragraph to the effect that all Gretna-green marriages would be put au end to by an Act to come into operation at the new year. A legal bachelor correspondent informs us that this is a mistake, no such Act being in exist ence; so that any of our English readers who are wishing to escape with their " true loves" from "fathers with flinty hearts " will yet have an opportunity of doing so. The para graph, we suspect, arose from the circumstance of Lord Brougham having inserted a clause to that effect in one of the nine Bills he introduced last session for the improvement of the law.—These, however, were not passed.— Greenoc k Advertiser. lIICIx TlDE.—There was another unusually high tide in the Thames yesterday afternoon, and considerable damage was again done on both sides of the river. Passen gers could not land from the steamers at some of the customary places, • THE ARMY. PORTSMOUTH,- DEC. 31.-68th Durham Light In fantry —Captain Phipp's company was relieved on Saturday from Tipper Ordnance station by Captain Kennedy's, and proceeded to Fort Cumberland, there not being sufficient quarters within the town to accom modate the whole of the garrison. The subaltern's detachment of thirty men, stationed at Marchwood Ordnance station, Lear Southampton, has been relieved by a similar one from the 74th High landers. Ensign Lord Hinton, of this regiment (the eldest son of Earl Poulett), has retired from the army. The 74th Highlanders, quartered at Gosport, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Crabbe, K.H., have received orders to commence wearing their Highland costume on the 26th of April, 1846. Rove'. MARINE ARTILLERY -The finding and sen tence of the General Court-martial, held on the 26th inst., on gunner John Boulton, having been approved by the Admiralty, were promulgated this morning at parade-time. The charges against gunner John Beni ton were:—"ln having made his escape from his quer ters when confined as a punishment for a previous offence, and not returning till brought back by an escort; and for having struck Sergeant Elliot, of the Royal Ma rine Artillery, his superior officer, when in the execution of his duty." The Conn found the prisoner Guilty of both charges, and sentenced him to twelve months' imprisonment, of which three are to be solitary, and nine with hard labour. This sentence is ordered to be read at the head of the four divisions of the Royal Marines. General practice from the I:nd and sea service bat teries took place on Monday last at Fort Cumberland, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Gibsone, Royal Marines. Messrs. Adair, Mawbey, and Beastly have received commissions as Second Lieutenants. The two former officers are appointed to the Portsmouth, and the latter to the Chatham division. ARMY .RECRUITS.—By order issued from the Horse Guards, it is directed that " until further orders the minimum size of recruits for the infantry of the line will be half an inch below the standard prescribed by the ge neral orders of May, 1844, viz., men at five feet six, and growing lads under eighteen years of age as low as five feet five and a half inches. Recreuits forregiments in India, China, New South Wales, and St. Helena, to be eligible at five feet five and a half inches, if not under eighteen years of age. By command, &c." PARKHURST PRISON. The following is a copy of a letter which has been re cently received by the Court of Quarter Sessions fur the county of Middlesex, relative to the sending of prisoners to Parkhurst Prison :—. " Whitehall, Nov. 14, 1845. " Sir,—l am directed by Secretary Sir James Graham, to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 27th of August last, in which, after adverting to Sir James Graham's opinion in his letter of the 16th of that month, ' that it is inexpedient to pass sentence of transportation on children for offences not of an aggravated character, merely for the purpose of obtaining their admission to Parkhurst Prison,' you observe that the Court of Quarter Sessions over which you preside will be placed in some difficulty unless it obtains a clear understanding of the nature of the cases which are considered proper for ad mission to that prison ; and you further observe, that if the fitness of the prisoner is to be judged by the cha racter of the offence of which he is convicted, the prison will become a dead letter, so far as the county of Mid dlesex is concerned. " Sir James Graham directs me to inform you, in the first place, that it is no part of the design of the esta blishment at Parkhurst to relieve counties from the charge and the maintenance of juvenile offenders, and he cannot, therefore, take notice of that consideration. "I am also to inform you, Sir James Graham is of opinion that prisoners who have been guilty of offences, not of a serious description, for which they would be more properly punished by imprisonment, and not by transportation, are not fit subjects for admission into Parkhurst prison. All prisoners admitted there are to be finally sent abroad, and before they are sent, are to be subjected to a long and very strict discipline ; this is the rule that has been uniformly acted upon by Sir James Graham • and it appears to him t o b e man ife st ly un j us t that offenders should be so punished in cases where, if no such establishment as that at Parkhurst had existed, they would have received no higher punishment than imprisonment in this country. " Some limitation and selection have been found by experience to be necessary with regard to the age and size of prisoners, as all prisoners admitted into Park hor,t are ultimately destined to work in the colonies. The fittest age for admission is considered to be about fourteen, and the size or stature should be proportionate. " Sir James Graham requests that this information may be communicated to the magistrates of the county, acid that in making recommendations for admission of prisoners into Parkhurst prison, the principles above mentioned should for the future be observed.—l am, &c. (Signed) " S. M. PHILLIPS. " Mr. Sergeant Adams. &c." SERIOUS ACCIDENT IN ST. MARYLEDONE WORK.* HOCSE.—Yesterday morning, between three and four o'clock, a serious accident occurred in St. Marylebone workhouse, which, it is feared, will prove of fatal consequences. George Millson, aged 18, an inmate of the workhouse, had by some means got out of his sleeping-room on to the roof of the build ing, and passed over the roofs until he arrived at the women's side of the building, where the disorderly young females are confined in a separate building, known as the round tower. In attempting to descend into the yard by a rope, he fell on to the paving -stones, a height of 30 feet. The groans of the unfortunate sufferer being heard, assistance was rendered, and he was immediately removed to the infirmary, where he lies without hopp of recovery. FATAL COLLISION ON THE TYNE.—An inquest was held at the river police station, in North Shields, on Tuesday, before Mr. Reed, the Coroner, on view of the body of William Sower, of Arbroath, who was drowned under the following circumstances :—lt appeared that on the 6th of November, about 3 o'clock in the morning, the deceased, with four other persons, was proceeding in a sculler boat on the river, near the ferry landing at North Shields, towards a ship lying in one of the tiers, when the steam ferry-boat was crossing the water from the south to the north side, the boat was struck by the starboard bow of the Ferry, and capsized, the crew being precipitated into the river. Their shouts were heard from the shore, and a number of boats put off to their assistance, and succeeded in res cuing four of the persons, but the deceased was carried away by the tide and drowned. His body was not found till Monday, when it was seen floating some distance from where the accident occurred. Several witnesses were examined, including the boatman, who stated that he hailed the Ferry before the collision took place, and attributed the accident to a want of due caution on the part of those on board the Ferry. The crew of the Ferry proved that a light was exhibited as usual at the masthead, that two of them were stationed to " look out," that they did not hear any one hail them, and that the sculler boat came out at the head of a tier of vessels just as the Ferry was turning in to make the landing, and was then directly under the Ferry's bow, so that the collision was unavoidable. The jury having consulted some time, returned a verdict of " Aces dental death," with a deodand of 30/. on the Ferry, at the same time intimating that they had found some difficulty in agreeing upon their verdict, owing to the contradictory state ments of the witnesses. This is the first accident of the kind which has occurred with the Ferry, which has now been fifteen 3!ars in operation. _ _ The following notice was posted at the General Post office this morning :—" General Post office, January, 1846. Her Majesty's Government having ascertained that a charge for postage has been re-imposed by the Brazilian Post-office upon newspapers from the United Kingdom delivered by the post in Brazil, British newspapers addressed to that country will hereafter be liable to a charge of 2d. each, which must 'be paid in advance • newspapers received from B raz il will be also chargeable with a rate of 2d. on their delivery in the United Kingdom." consulted n A s s u t l i t l e n d ia on co th n e . CONSUMPTION AND ASTIIMA.—Dr. Cronin has re• moved from 6, Craven-street, Strand, to 14, Leicester-place, Third Edition, price 35., may use of Anaspasia in the successful Leicester square, where he es ni affections of the chest. Dr. sumption, Bronchitis, and other f a u y l be da daily treatment Ed . • P tem t be had of Wutheim's, a os er-row, or at the author's above.—" —" Were . address a • Di. Cronin's facts less conclusive than they are, the importance of the subject (the Cronin's treatise on Anaspasia, cure of consumption) would render apathy on the part of the afflicted wholly unpardonable."—N • C/ • ornzug Ch ron i cle. THE SALMON FISHERIES.—With the lad day of the year terminates the close season for salmon in the river Severn and its t r ib utar i es, and on New Year ' s-day it will be again lawful to take seasonable salmon. We use the word seasonable, because at the very early period of which, by the ple'ent law the season commences, there are so many spawning fish in the river; fortunately the present high floods will bring down the spawn fish before the netting begins, and consequently a vast number will be saved for next year's supply—the late high waters have been most favourable for the spawning season. We caution all persons that they will incur a penalty of not less than 5/. for taking or having in their possession an unseasonable salmon. The Severn Fisheries Association intend putting the law in this respect strictly in force, as also those against using nets for taking fish during the night time or on Sundays. We un derstand that the new Bill, to be introduced by Sir T. Win nington, will be vigorously pushed forward in the next ses sion, and we sincerely hope that it will become the law of the land, and that one uniform fence time, suitable to the habits of the salmon, may be fixed upon in all the rivers of England and Wales. We shall give an abstract of the Bill in our next.— Worcester Chronicle. FATAL ACCIDENT.—One of the most melancholy events which it has been our province to chronicle oc cured on Tuesday last, at Bishop's illull. It appears that on the afternoon of that day the son of Lieutenant- Colonel Collis, a youth about fifteen years of age, ac companied the son of J. Walters, Esq., a gentleman residing in the same vicinity, on a shooting excursion. It was getting towards dark, and the parties were about to return home, when a rabbit came in view. Mr. Walters fired, and wounded the rabbit, which rolled on the ground, unable to escape, and whilst he had raised the gun and taken aim to effectually destroy the anima], the unfortunate young gentleman rushed forward to secure it, when he received the contents of the discharge in his head—his brains being blown out, presenting a horrid and sickening spectacle.—Scmterset County Gazette. the W v eiErayTnE boisterousa wet weather has ely ittle corn -k Wat?: ving l to .—FARMING fully three weeks later than last year. A good many wheat sowing has yet been done in this district. It is AFFAlRS,weather . rather hastened their decay—at least this is the ex perience of some. Of those in pits, s o potatoes are still in drill ; but the very some are keeping better than was expected, but others, thought to be keeping, well, have fallen in. Additional starch mills, on a large scale, have been put in operation, and farmers who have no mills are freely giving the diseased potatoes to pigs, and their cattle, without any bad effect.—Ayr Observer. TREAT TO FACTOR/. OPERATIVES.-011 Christmas eve, the mill-owners in Lancaster gave a troat to their workpeople, by assembling them together at a tea-party, after which dancing commenced and was kept up to an early hour. Such meetings cannot be too highly own mended, as showing the good feeling existing between employers and the employed.—Preston Guardian. I ■ B!m able uld 11 ' . 5 alleg high NO' bert ,heir I an ties. who rO5 O the vas 111 ~+