The Sun. — London, England, 1812-03-23 00:00:00

ASSIZES. MAIWiTONE, MARCH 20. John Mebb, alias Couchtron, was indiEted for the wilful murder of Thomas Wild, a respettable far mer at Kingsworth, on the 2d of October last, at Westerham, in Kent. The deceased, about seven O'clock in the evening of October 2, was returning from Croydon fair in a one-horse chaise with his !ion and grandson, and when they got to the top of Westerham-hill they were stopped by a - footpad, Who robbed them of a dollar, and just as the robber went behind the chaise, after having accomplished his purpose, the deceased struck him with his whip„ saying, " Take that, you cowardly rascal," upon which the footpad shot him dead with a pistol. The prisoner in his defence clearly established an alibi, and he was consequently acquitted. Thus it ap pears that the perpetrator of the murder is yet un discovered. W. Richard Barton, a firmer, was found guilty of of manslaughter, on an indictment for the wilful murder of Joseph Manly, a drum boy of the. 73d regiment, on the 7th of September last. The de ceabed bad 'attempted to rob the orchard of the pri toner, and he received a blow, while making his escape from the prisoner, ,with a hedge-stake, Which occasioned his death. The sentence was, a fine of a shilling. TRIAL OF THE NOTTINGHAM RIOTERS. NOTTINGIIAM.-William Carnel, aged 22, and Joseph Maples, aged iG, charged with burglary and _ frarne-bieaking, on the night of the 3d of January. After a patient hearing of six hours, the Jury re turned a verdid of Not Guilty for Maples, and Guil ty frame-breaking against Camel ; when;his Lord -'ship clesiied them to reconsider their vtrdid, and painted cut to them the> impropriety of disuniting the burglarious entry into the house from the at of simple felony, occasioned by breaking the frames.—All the . alteration, however, which the attry chose to make, was that of uniting' Maples with Camel, and finding them both Guilty of frame tweaking only, thus doing away the capital. part of the charge. The verdi& being recorded, his Lordship ad - .tlressed the prisoners in the most solemn and im prettsive manner, ohs iving. that if the burglarious Part of the charge had been foun.! against them, he should have felt himself constrained, for the sake of example, in order to put an end to such disgraceful Outrages, to have exercised the full authority of the law ---nor did he It - now : hut he should have ordered it '4Q have been Ca , tied. into execution. As the verdict tow stood, the extent of his power was to order thetn to be transported for the term of fourteen years, to any part of his Majesty's foreign settlements to *hich his Majesty's Privy Council might direct which sentence he accordingly pronounced. At - the same time he gave them to understand, that if the tumults in the neighbonrhood teased, they'inignt expect. the hand of mercy to be extended towards them, in lessening their•pimishment. Robert Poley, aged 16, that ged with frame break 4ng, pleaded Guilty, and in consequence of narks of tontrition, the Judge sentenced him to seven years t qttisport •ii:m.—Aher which Joseph Peek, aged 17, Was found—Not G•tilly. • On Wedneid.iy Benjamin Ham-rick was hied for I De i ng concerned in the rio , ous proceedings at Sut - ton - to7Ashfidd—Guiity, and his Lordship sentenced litu to 14 years transportation. Gervas Marshal and George Greettiwere the `tame day convicted, as two of the Sutton-in-Ash . 'field rioters, and were each sentenced to seven years 'transportation. At these Assizes, G. Hinehclife, alias Haigh, for horse-stealing, and E. Mosley, for robbing a 'bleaching ground, wee capitally convicted ; but the first was reprieved, and the latter ordered to be im prisoned three years. 141 r, .Justice BASLEY, in his charge to the Grand jury, at Nottingham, stated, that when he l e ft th e sown the Assizes would be only adjourned, and that 1 4011 the seizure of any rioters, a Judge would I conic doWn and ad upon the present Commission. Tin Saturday morning, at eight o'clock, the re flatns of the Earl of UXBRIDGE were removed from Uxbridge House, Burlington Gardens, for interment in The family vault, in Litchfield Cathedral. .A melancholy circumstance occurred list week in =fle neighbourhood of Dartmoor. An officer of the Shropshire militia, now stationed at Dartmoor, has , i.ng taken one of the private's with him on a shoot. log excursion, was returning home, when the.soldier 0 11"tplaining of illness, repented permission to rest himself on a bank. The officer apprehending no danger, returned home, exPeming the soldier would sixedily have followed him . : bin two days having elaps e d without his return, curiosity was excited, lind after some search, the poor fellow was found dead in a pit under a hedge, about a mile from the Prison. SMITHFIELD MARKET, MAKcsu 23 This days Market had a middling supply of prime Peaqs, and the show of cattle in other respetis was t olerably good ; Pork supports last price ; 13 , 4ef, -Mutton, and Veal are dearer, and the trade in gene ral was pretty brisk; the sales in the Hay-market Wele . som.....wliat • considerable ; Hay, 'Straw, and Clover have fallen in price.—We annex a correa s tmentent of the prices and numbers. To sink the Offal per stn of glb. Veer, S 5. od. to 6s. 4d. Mutton, ss. od., to Os. 6d. 61 1,.._ _ed. to 7s. 6d. Pork , ss. od. to bs. sd.. ' , Roasts, 2,120 -Sheep, iz,loo. Calves, 96. Pigs, 310. Veal, SMITHFIELD HAYMARKET. Hay, 41. os.vd. to sl. los. od. Straw. al. Los. ed. to 31. All. Clover, sl. Los. od. to 61. us. od. • CI:MINT-EXCHANGE, MARCII 2 3.—The, arrivals of Wheat to-day again make but a short supply, much in demand, and sales quoted at an advance of about s. per quarter, some sete6l samples exceed the quo tation ; Rye, together' with Barley and Malt, - are each named dearer ;• White Pease, and the two sorts df Beans, are likewise at a further increase in price ; Oars are in middling supply, but sties also readily efteaed at a further advance ; Flour is higher 55. per sack. Wheat - 955 a vtss a 135 s Fine ditto - -138 s a 14is Rye - - bbs a 725 Barley - 6;s a 65s Walt - - 9°' a 965 WhitePease(boil.)Szs a bBs !• 31 eY ditto 605 a 6;s Tick Beans (new) 52s a sSs Ditto (fine old) - •6es a 6ts Oats -34 s a 405 a 433 Poland ditto - 44$ a 45 .3 I POt2toe ditto -46 s a 47$ Rape Seed . 6zl - a 681 Fine Flour - itoS 2 lISS lo.ls 2 Ilea RREA CH PAPERS. CONSERVATIVE SENATE, SITTING OF MAUCH IQ. The Sitting opened at noon, in the presence of his Serene Highness the Arch-Chancellor of the Em pire. His Serene Highness the Prince Vice-Consta ble was present at it. Their Excellencies the Ministers for Foreign Af fairs and War, Count Regnault de St. Jean d'An gely, Minister of State, and Count Dumas, Counsel lor of State, being introduced, his. Excellency the Duke of Bassano, Minister for Foreign Affairs, com municated the following report :-- REPORT OF THE MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO HIS MAJESTY THE EMPEROR AND KING. " Sire,—The maritime rights of neutrals, as so lemnly fixed by the treaty of Utrecht, became the common law o: nations. This Jaw, completely re newed in all subsequent treaties, has consecrated the principles which I am going to state. " The flag covers the merchandize. Enemy's, goods, under a neutral flag, are neutral ; as neutral properly, under an enemy's flag, is considered as be longing to an enemy. " Contraband articles are the only property which a neutral flag does not cover; and arms and warlike stores alone are contraband. "All visiting of a neutral vessel by ,an armed ship can be made by a small number of men only, the armed ship keeping without cannon shot. "Every neutral ship may trade from an enemy's port to art enemy's port, and from an enemy's port to a neutral one. "The only ports excepted . are those really block aded ; and ports really blockaded are those invested, besieged, likely to be taken, and into which a mer chantman could not enter without danger. "Such are the 'obligations of belhg-Jents towards neutral powers ; such - are the reciprocal rights o f either party ; such are the maxims consecrated by t treaties which form the. public right o; nations. Frequently has England dared to atteMpt substitut ing in their place arbitrary and tyrannical regulations. Her unjust prettel , ions were repelled by all Govern ments sensible to the voice of honeur, and the inte rests of their - snbjeals. She consiantly found her Self forced tir acknowledge in her treaties the principles she wished to destroy ; and when the peace . of Amiens was violated, tho maritime legislation .still remained upon its ancient basis. " By a series of events, the English marine be came more numerous than all the forces of the Other maritime powers. England then thought th e moment was 'arrived when, having nothing to fear, she might dare to do everything : • she immediately resolved to subjea the navigation of all seas to the same laws as those of the Thames. " It was in 1806 she began the execution of that system, which tended to bend the common law of nations before the Orders of Cduticil, and the-regu lations of the London Admiralty. " The declaration of the t 6111 of May annihilat ed by one single word the tights of all maritime status, --placed under an interdict vast coasts and whole empires. Fffitn this moment England no longer acknowii dged • any neutralS upon the seas. " The Decrees or 1807 imposed upon every ves sel the obligation of touching. at, an English port, whatever her destination might be, to pay, a tribute to England, and submit her cargo to the tarifs of the customs. " By the declaration of 1806, all navigation had been interdicted to neutrals : by the Dectees of 1807, the power of navigating was restored to them, but they could use it oniy'for the common utility of English commerce, in the combinations of its. inter ests anti its people. " The English Government thus tore off the mask. with which it had covered its projetis,—pro claimed the universal dominion of the seas,—re garded all nations as its tributaries, — and imposed noon the .Continent the expenses of the war which it maintained against it. " These unheard-of measures excited a -general indignation among the powers who preserved the . sentiment of their independence and their rights : but in London they raised the national wide to the highest pitch ; they held out w ;he English peopl e a future prospect, rich in the mo,t brilliant hopes. ,Their commerce, their industry, were henceforth to be without -opposition ; the produce or the two worlds was to flow into their ports—pay homage. to the maritime and cornmetcial sovereignty of Eng land, by paying tribute,—and afterwards arrive to other nations, loaded with the enormous expenses from which English mercnandizes alone - would be free. " Your Majesty, at a single glance, perceived the evils with which the Continent was threatened. You instantly applied the remedy. You annihilated by your decrees this pompous, unjust attack upon the independence of every state and the rights of all nations. The Berlin decree answered Ike declaration of 1806. The blockade of the British Islands wag op- posed to the imaginary blockade established by Eng land. The Milan decree ansivered the ordt rs of 1807 : it declared denalionalisj every neutral essel that submitted to English legislation, either by touching at a British port, or paying tribute to Eng land, and which thus renounced the indeperdence and rights of its flag. All merchandize ,proceeutrig either from British commerce or industry, was blockaded in the Britannic islands the continental system banished them from the continent. " Never did any acA of reprisals attain its °hie& in a more prompt, certain, and viaurinus manner. The Berlin and Milan decrees , turned against Eng land the arms.she had diretied against, universal com merce. That source of commercial prosperity which she believed so abundant, became.a source of cala mities to British commerce : in place of those tri butes which were to have enriched the treasury, her credit was "deteriorated, hurting the fortune of the state and that of individuals. " AS soon as your Majesty's decreec.appeared, all the Continent foresaw that such would be their re sult if they received full execution ; hut, _ however accustomed Europe was to see success crown your enterprizes, she could scarcely conceive by what new prodigies, your Majesty would realize the great designs which have been so ,rapidly accomplished. Your Majesty armed yourself with all your power : nothing could divert you from your intention ; laad, the Hanseatic toWns, the coasts that unite the Zuyderzee to the Baltic sea, were united to Lane, and subjeEted to the same administration and same regulations,—the immediate and inevitable conse quence of the legislation of the English Government. No kind of considerations . - could balance in the mind of your Majesty the first interest of your Empire. " You did not,long wait to reap the advantages of this important resolution. In fifteen months, that. is to say, since the Sertatus Consultunz of re union, your Majesty's decrees have weighed with all their forCe upon England. She flattered herself with invading the commerce of the entire world ; and her commerce, become a speculation, does nothing but by means of 20,000 licenses, delivered each year. Forced to obey the law of necessity, she thus renounces her a& of navigation, the principal foundation of her power. She pretended to the, universal dominion of the seas; and navigation is interdialed, her vessels shut out from all the conti nental ports. She wished to enrich her treasury by the tributes which Europe would pay ; and Europe has not only freed it self from her unjust pretensions, but also from the tributes it would have paid her industry.— Her mannikin , ing towns are become deserts; dis tress has succeeded a prosperity hitherto increasing ; the alarming disappearance of money, and the abso lute. want of employment, daily disturb the public tranquility. Such have been to England the conse quence of her imprudent attempts. She already perceives, and will daily more and more discover, that there is no salvation for her, but in a return to justice, and to the principles of the rights of Na tions ; and that she can only participate in the bene fit of the neutrality of poi ts, inasmuch as • she al lows neutrals to benefit by the neutrality of their flag. But till the British Orders of Council are re scinded, and the principles of the Treaty et Utrecht towards neutrals are again in full vigour, the Berlin and Milan Decrees will remain against those powers who allow their thg to be denationalked. The ports oldie Continent shall , not be open either to dena tionalised flags, or British merchwAize, " It must not be dissembled, that to _maintain in full vigour this grand system, it will be necessary that your Majesty employ all the powerful means ,which belong.to your empire; and find in your sub jeas that assistance which you have never yet in vain demanded of them. It is qecessary that all the disposable French forces should march to what ever planes where.the'English or denationalised flag attempt to land. A special army, charged exclu sively with guarding our vast extent of coasts, our maritime arsenals, and the triple range of fortresses which cover our frontiers, will answer to you-I-Dela jesty for the safety of .the territory confided to their valour and fidelity. You will send to their fortunate destiny those brave men, accustomed to fight and to 'Conquer under the eyes of your Majesty,—to defend the pun+ ical rights, and exterior safety of the em pire. The dqots 'even of the corps will riot be turned from the useful destination of supporting your active armies. l'he forces of your Majesty will thus always be maintained upon the most tor nidable footing, and the French territory protected by an establishment which interest diClates ; the policy and dignity of the empire will be placed in such a situation, as to entitle it more than ever to. de -serve the title of inviolable and sacred. " For a considerable time the English Govern meat has [roclaitned everlasting war,—a frightful projed, which the wildest ambition could never really hive intended, and which presumptuouß boast ing alone l u allowed to escape.; a frightful projrct, which neverihelesi will be realised, if France is but to expect engagernents without guarmtee,—of un certain duration, and More diSastrous than war it self. " Peace, Sir, which in the midst of your immense power has been so often offered to your enemies, will crown your gldrious works, if 'England,' banish ed from the Continent with perieverance, and se parated fro ,n all the states whose independence she has violated, consents to return to those principles . upon which European society is founded,—acknow led ;es the Law of Nations,—and resneiits the sacred tights consecrated by the treaty of •Utrecht. In the mean time the French nation must re „main armed : honour coniatands it ; the interest, the rights, the independence of the people, engaged in the same cause, demand ; and an oracle still more certain, often delivered ,'even from the mouth of your Majesty, constitutes it an imperious and sacred law." RETORT OF THE MINISTER OF WAR TO HIS AIA- JESTY THE EMPEROR AND RING. " The greatest part of your Majesty's troops had been called without our territory, for the defence of the grand interests which are to ensure the prepon &ranee of the empire, and maintain the Berlin and . Milan Decrees so fatal to England. The continen tal sywem has scarcely been fifteen months in exe cution, and. England .is - already at the last gasp. Had not events happened which your Majesty could not have expeded perhaps in this short period of time, the prosperity of England would have been entrely annihilateel and convulsions would have bee experienced in her interior, which would have fin illy thrown into' discredit the war fastion, and called to the Administration moderate men and frie:tds of justice. 4: No person understands better than your Ma. jesty, to exped from time, what time is to pro• duce ; and to maintain with unchangeable con stancy, a system and plan of conduct from which you have calculated the results which are infal lible. During the absen:.o of the greater part of our • troops of th►e line, the immense number of maritime establishments, strong places, and Important points of the empire, are guarded by the fifth battalions and the depots, and, by the marine troop,; which is attended with the inconvenience of diverting, by incessant marches and counter-marches, the fifth battalions and depots from their proper destination, which are to supply the active armies. These marches fatigue the soldier and embarrass the admi nistration. Besides, when such numerous armies are seen without the frontiers, the citizens who do not understand the measures taken by the Adminis tration for the interior establishments, may feel some justifiable uneasiness ; these inquietudes are of themselves contrary to the dignity of the Empire; these must be prevented from increasing, by the establishment of a constitutional force, for the de fence of the territory alone. By our consitutroual laws, the natiotpl guard is' specially charged with guarding the frontiers, our maritime establishments, our arsenals, and strong places; but the .:national guard, which embraces the whole of the citizens, 'cannot be pliced on permanent citify, but only for a loci] and particular, service. " In dividing the National Guard into three bands, and in composing the first of all the conscripts' of the six' last classes, viz. from the age of 20 to 26 years., who have not been caled upon to join the ac)ive army; _the second of men from 26 to 40 years; and the 3d of men 'from 40 to 60 years of age to the Ist band the aaive service will be con fided; then ;he 2d and 3d bands will only have the reserve Service, which is quite local. " For I8!2, the Ist band, comprehending the conscripts from 1806 to 1812, who have not been called to the_army, and who have not since married, and are in a condition for service, IN ill foim a re source of 600,000 men. I propose to your Majesty to raise from this number 100 cohorts, which will constitute the firth pait of those who remain'of the ch7ses Of 1806, 7,,8, g o 10, 11, and 1812. These men should he organised and clothed- at the chief place of each military division. These cohorts, composed of eight companies, six of which are to be fusileets, one artillery,, and one a depot, will contain nearly one thousand men each. Your Majesty would Thus have one hundred cohorts or battalions, who, constantly under arms, and united in brigadei and divisions under Ur? or der of Chiefs of the Line Staff, would offer a chosen army, and might be compared to the ancient French 'grenadiers. These troops, constantly en camped, and by reason of their service abundantly supplied with every thing, would suffer few losses by war. " By this means our strong places on the Rhine, our establishments at the Helder, upon the Meuse, the Scheldt, at...,Boulogne,Chet bourg, Brest, L'Orien t, Rochfort, Tonlon, : and Genoa, would be guardtd by a combination of such force, that in five days, thirty thousand men could be collected at any particular point of the coast attacked ; and in less than tea days, considering the speedy means which your Ma jesty. has established in urgent circumstances, horn sixty to eighty thousand men of the first band:the Marine troops, the departmental guards, and of the fifth battalions, all of which would march to the point menaced, and could form a junCtion, inde pendent of the assistance afforded by the 2d and 3d bands of the neighbouring departments. " I do not propose the establishment•of any ca valry; the Gens d'Armes alone, forming a force of sixteen thousand chosen men, will turnish sufficient cavalry for the attacks' against which we have to guard. " Nevertheless, whilst this institution will com pletely protein the french empire against the idea of an attack, all the - depots and fifth battalions, being no longer occupied in forming garrisons or defending the country, will feed the active army with more attivity and efficacy. This will in teals ybe equi valent to an augmentation of the troops of the line. It is placing too,ooo more Frenchmen under the banners of your Majesty. But these men will be renewed every six - years by the conscription for the army. This augmentation will cause very little. ad dition to. the losses, because these t4u:ps wdl to seldout exposed but lo s t he or:linary chances of mor tality. It will likewise cause an increase in expence of 48 millions ; but this expence. cannot be placed in competition with the immense advantages which will result from it. " This inslitution is eminently conservative and national ; it is useful and necessary. Frenc..men are wiping to make every sacrifice to acquire the liberty of the seas; they know that they must be armed ; or this grand measure will not bc aeConi plished,." After the reading ,uf these reports, the Coun sellors ot- State presented the projea of the Sk:natus .COnsultutn, of the following tenour SITTING OF MARCH 13. The Senate having met at no / on, Count Lace. pede, in the name of the Special commission, ap pointed in the Sitting of the loth, presented t he following repoft upon the project s of the Senatus Consulturn " SENATORS, " lour special commission hat examined, with all the attention the importance of the subj, a de manded, the- Senatus Consult= projea, relative to the organization of the National Guard of the Etti-• pire, as well as the levy of too cohorts front the Ist band of the National Guards, and has with care compared the different dispositions with the reasons which have been stated to you. This project is divided under two titles. The Ist offers one of those important institutions which' «ill signalize one'of the most illustrious of reigns; the 2d puts in motion part of that force established by the Ist; one is the ground of aaion,—the other. the consequence and application of it. " Let us, before all, examine the first :—lt se parates Lao three bands the National Guard of thu Empire ; it points out the Frenchmen who, ac.-. cording to the difference of their age, must belong 16,0ne or other of these three bands; it fixes the successive renewal of their different stations ; it (!&- termines the nature of the services which their country and sovereign have a right to. expert from t hem. " And now, what is the national guard of the empire? The nation armed. And what nation but that which extends from the banks of the Baltic Sea to those beyond the Tiheri and whoie ancient renown every day acquires fresh eclat by its success ful and new associations, and by the immortal gl ry of him who governs it ? " This nation had not received different succei. live laws, but particular organizations only. It is, going to receive a-grand political law, a general o:- ganization. " And what a wonderful change is this profound conception of the Emperor going to produce ! Or der was established at his command, among the im mense number of Frenchmen, whose very zeal and bravery, not regulated by his foresight, would have led. to confusion and disorder.' That admirable and regular motion, is the result of the high wisdom of him, who, combining with the fruits of his genius, the produce of experience, carries his views into ft• ture ages, to give durability to all the monuments he ereds. . 6 ' But what is the arm-A and nrinn;,,,l