The Sun. — London, England, 1846-07-08 00:00:00

be ng.. MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, QUA!? TER TO THREE . T he cotton Market at Liverpo , I yestei day was firm. k "a" , 4 , 0 00 b which I,s'i;) were American, chiefly to • - kept up their value. , a l'here was no material alteration i n p rices at Messrs. 'nond's sale of railway shares. Sc ri p s, in com p anies like[;: to be affected by the Dissolution Bill, were in g ood ttlnand; but sellers ask more money. Tring, Reading. and .lisingstoke, 165.,--Ch ur net and Blyth, 11 . 2 s. — Great filie d st,ern and Wyconibe, 6s.—Direct Northe rn . 1/ ss.—Shef ,B uston, and Leek Potteries, 16s. 61.—Reading, Guild ford, and Reigate, 12s. 6d.—North D evon, 1/. 9s.—Cam bridge and • Lincoln Extension , L incoln, York, and Leeds, Iti 4—Trent Valley Continuation and Holyhead Junction, t 19a. 6d.—Direct-London and Exeter, 7s. La.—Blackwell Extension, 3L—Leeds and Thirsk, 4/. —Worcester, Hereford, 4 °,1 8 , and Gloucester, 1/.4s.—Somersetsh ire Midland, 19s. 6d. E ngland, re-opening of the Transfer Boo ks at the Bank of ,Zgland, for special transfers at least, causes more aurltion abuut the pur lieus of the Stcct Exchange ; there is likewise some change to be anticipated 1 „ n the state of the Money an d Mercantile Markets generally, from the amount of cash released from the tt nkeoffers, greater, perhaps, than in former years , because Government appropriates a portion of its lir _,P lllB revenue to meet the amount re q uired for the divi '",4B—the taxes never corning in sufficiently early to do so - ins'tead of borrowing on deficien c y bills front the Bank of ::'ngland. The railway eompaiiies, we are glad to find, begin to stir under the Dissolution Bill, and orders were obtained y e sterday for the re-payment of between 150,001. and o, ° o ol. deposited with the A ccountant-General. As the rejected companies are not permitted under the new Bill to laeur further expenses, Ole inducements to wind up are Particularly strong There are very ' large auctions of Colonial Wool now in 1 7 ant greg4, but they seem to go off with lack of spirit. The is against an advance in prices. The Indigo sales *lll shortly begin, and, in conju nction with the Wool auctions, must absorb a good deal of mone y . There are no arrivals in the City to-day, and in the pro duce markets business is dull, owing to the conflicting state ments as to the reduction inten ded in the sugar duties. A gradUai diminution, and an eventual assimilation of the impost upon British plantation and foreign free labour sugar, IS mentioned as a very probable course. Th e English Stocks are to-day again very buoyant, an.i. t here; is a goo d business dointe. Tee sum to b e app lied to `"e purchase of Stock, by order of the National Debt Com inissioners, in the current quarter, is under 30,0001. Consols , r ill tve been quoted 95 3 / 4 to 96 for Money, and 95% to 96 for ExcheqUer-bills are 14s. to 175., premium. Bank Stack is firm, at 203 to 209. The New Three-and-a-Quarter Per Cents. realise 97% to 97g 4 , the Stock is marked 2 t I for the Five per Cents., and "le Three per Cents., are still 5616. Mexican Bonds are at 2 7 1 4 ; and Grenada 21. 1 A Ij. Dutch Two-and-a-Half Per Cents . are 60%. The Railway Share Market is quiet, but prices are very arm. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. (From the Official List.) Rank Stock .. .. .. .. • • • • 'Three per Cent. Reduced Annuities •.. ?6,l z t : i ti 9 9 6 5 14 .. 209 208_ _ _ .. 'three per Cent. Consols Annuities • • :. 95 104 • Ndotat Annuities, Expire Jait, 5, 1860 •. .._ Ditto, 30 years, Oct. 10, 1859 • I° lt 208% 208 Bank gunk for Account • • • • ' • .. 05 74 , to i Consols for Opening • • • • ' • • • lid Exehequef bi lls * 13i d. 1 4 • .• •• "•• 11 4 pin. 1.000/. .. m . 14 18 ••••• ri • 50 0 1* • • •4 ' • —• • 14 18 -- • Pro • Ditto, Small • j— • • • P RICES OF FOREIGN IrIiNDS AT ONE _Ci•p_LocK. • Danish Bonds, 3 per Cent •• • .• 8 3 8 5 Equador Bonds • • • • • • • •, 2i., 4 Granada, 1 per Cent. • • • • • ~..4 Me lean lean Bonds, 1837, 5 Per Cent •••• la reruvlnn Bonds, 6 per Cent .. P0rt0g,42,...„ , • Bends, 5 per Cent. .. 8 . 0, Russian Bonds, 5 per Cent • • .. 110 ' .Danish. Bonds, 5 per Cent. • • • • Ditto, for the Account .. .. 2_ 7 1% . Ditt o , Three per Cent .. • • • • 39:i , bitto, for the Account • • • • 36 butzth Two-and-a-Half per Cents. 60% 3, " Il ldonds on the above payable in London. Its i.vra Ditto, 4 per Cent. Certificates .. 94 1 / 4 /4 --38 HON IN RAILWAY SHARES AT ONE O'CLOCK P. PER SHIRE. 14 1111 It tlimisys PAID. 100 ....128 .... to tirminlighani and Oloucester • • • • 2 „, .. * ..... to 4 11,,g 1 lant and Oxford Ju_uction • • C al "ulgutra s ki re . .. _ 4 2 3 , ~.. 34 dis. to an be r b tt° Half Shares - .. .•2%••••• I .. •• to .-1 , to bi r Y • and Crewe .. . .. .. 2•• • • ' 4 •••• Manchester (Remington's) • • 2, •• • • a••• • t° ire k . t E‘ northern .. ~ 2%, •• • • 1 , i. •• • t° - L eo Counties .. .. .. 14/. — 330 °• New ' • • • .• • •• 101. 16s. Od••• • • 8 P. , • • 16s. 0d..... 9414 to ~..Perpetual,s per Ct. No. 1, 61 13s. 44. •• .. —., 1 0 -:,1 1 0. ditto .. .. N 0.2, 61. 13s. 44.• •.. Y 2 9•• tu a _.7 e tto, York Extension .. .. 101. •• .. 2.4 ,?,,„ . to s ler, Yeovil and Dorchester . • •. 6% •• • • 3 % •• • to ' o ole, Doncaster, and Shetlisid &c.. 425. .. 34 dis. to ' , sat 'Western .. ~ , • .. a. 5 , , „153 .... to 152 ' ttte 11,11 f Shares .. .; .•• . 50 •• • • •" • to itto, Qua . •ter Shares .. ~ .. 10 .• .. 22% ~ ~ to 23% Ditto, Fi fths .. ~•. .. _ .. 20 .. • • 34 .•••• If „„.„, Z O 7 lO ll and Ilirmiri;_tham IP ( nt and Ulackwall • • 161. 13i. 44. •••• "4 I to --. ''C' .. .. .. 100 .... 224 .... o -„.,, Lox itt o , New ..., _ _ _ „, 3 .• •• 4 .• • • to _ .44.. 5 a and lirighton • • • • • • • • 50 ••• •, 23 14 ..: :: to 22% tone r ! and Croydon • • •• 13 , 1 . 2 . , !• •• •• ___ .... to _ B: - Mil Greenwich 22 .... to .. lit. 15s. .49. • • • I' „:,••• P reference or Privilege, 181. 17s. 2 2 ` 1 „ . „ •• • • 1%34 ~.to AtZ e r and York .. .. • • ••: " — il Ei tt Zt . !r_and Leeds • • ... _3B .•••5 6 • • " to ' Pltto. (7ualarftehrsarcs • • • • • • .. 2 .• " 91A to -- )K. •.to e .Extension • • :: •••• • • .. 423. .... 2% p:: to .7 i ,n ter and Birmingham .. .. 40 ••• • i•tsi •• to 4 .• • • •- •• ' ' e Vin o •QUar•er Shares (19 • • • • li kr ; ' ta. Quarter Shares (C) • • .. 1 •• • • 101 %4 •." ‘ o --, „ Ilan,a,lebter, Buxton, and Matlock -. 423. •• • • ill 1 1 • •04 Il' hildirnedster sod Southampton .. .. 2 •• • • 1.,i .... tO Hitt () •• • • .. .. .. ..100 ....151 ...• to 14,,,,,,41rroingtiant and Derby ..100 • ...124 .... , to ~,...Dittasotils::: __ - Dtiz' x e and Darlington Junction .. 25 ••.. 46 •• • ' ,O •• i ni; : : : : : : 1 .... 10jA..„ to 11 tiew ' --e w.Brandr 25 .... 44 •• • • to 4rs ' '`orfolk ''.- 1 . nerivick .. .. .. 15 .... 2614 .... to Hit •• •• • ortbithet.li.ratnrlll to, z a , . • .. .. .. .. 20 . ..er:i i ur , (ension , .. .. .. 2 .... 2% .... to Bitto o tis h . • • Eaxlen • sion • • .. 22 1 .. .. 30% .. .. to 30 .. 1 12 4 .. .. 1% .... to 2 . to ticri2, ~terri ' • • .. Ditto, Q„„t u sued at 5 discount) • . 45 .• .. 674 .... to li ar l o ,l•l4,tr Shares .. .. .. 12 1 / 4 .... 18% •••• to North Nom a nd v • • . , , .. „ I ..... 20 .... to --.. p .., Stawo rnak , beet Dover . • .. 2% .• • • 1% .... to P ° E 4 "snWi tt lll / 1 1Z7 •• .. • • 421, .• .. 4% p.. to RI h t°llan dWYre • • " " —3% *. • • 4% • • t° bi ac c o . h. nlond •• .. .. , . ~ 25 „ „ 301,4 . .. to S 4 - 4-4 1 Celitra •• l •: • *. .. .. .• 10 •• • • 18 •••• to Southl 4B llry m i d ti L ,ft .. .. .. .. 10 ..... 1 2 81 , • : .... t° to Ditto, Per° and V i c ,., l 411 am .. • • 2 % 33i, :: :„ 41'403A to 41 % Ditto, li e :. NO. 1 . •••• • • —, le ~ .. 20414 ~ to Ditto N OW ' , n.. 0. 2 .: .. •••• „ id ... 14 ... tO ;el% W a l es ' 1,0 . 4 „ .. .. .. 234 „ „ 2%.... to .•-• ,„'" , ltit V a n • • • • .. i‘, .to w est lt es ' a nd Holyhead• • • • • • 5 —• • 1— * to Wag Union Junction 2% •• - • s•• .. , 1. 'L and e . .. .. .. .. 425.. •• • 2 1 /e 9•• to ork anda ris e .. .„ . 234 .... ys ~ .. to Dzi,, NMdland : ••• " 5' .... to "O. Half 11t°,„ Shares . • • • • • • '1 • • •• 4914 .. to Ditto E xtension • • • .. •25 •• • • ‘** ° • t aat and • • • • • • • . 15 •••• 35 %•• • to West Riding Extension 1 .. • • 1334 •• .. to 12% but ) 011 Rh enish FOREIGN RAILWAYS. • itt Indi an ``. '• • • • • .. .. 6 .... 7% .. •. to eseMbo aro , 1 ' • • • • • • • . .. ss. .... % .. to l a nillr --" .• • ' • • • •• .. .. 4 •• .. 2 .... to .r atth. and Liege •• • • • • . 6 .... 3%,1' .. to Orle at rn of France Constituted .. 5 .... 13% ...• to I'lo4s s and Bordeaux G 9 1 ' t a ud Lyons Constituted ** :• • • •• •• ,9 •• • • 0 . .. 5 .. • • 6 „.. to 5% R.._ and Rouen •••..... 20 .• .. 38% irore and Meuse Nest re ttiti s h JOINT-STOCK DANIA. ` t „ orth American • • • . 50 .. 43% .... to tcraercial of London .. .: 20 231 .... to se/4 M _ MINES gel onte. Unregistered .. • 3% .• • • to— COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—(YESTERDAY.) --msterdain ......C.F. 12 8% Giralta.. ratite, a t sight • • .... 12 5% Le b hone r ........ tterdam ...... 2U. 12 9 Genoa „ „ 26 10 26 10 Milan 1, 41 : 1 1b .. • •11,13. 13 15 Venice ..... ......... -4to aurgL Naples 4t h ks. 3 days' sigizt 25 75 Palermo, per 0z.... 119 i, It'Lltio. 3 months. ••• • • 26 5 Lisbon. ...... 52% 13,7e111es ........., 26 10 Oporto ... • • .... ••.. • . 42% 26 10 Rio Janeiro 21 r i e4 r u o • n • •. : : 1 2 2 % Bah i a •• %Ili, 3u s „ Buenos Ayres .••• • • • • New York, 21 days' sight I•ll elak as e ffec tio. . 10 9 1 Philadelphia .... • e lt me ( Rtt0..... • •• • 10 10 ' PRICLS OF BULLION, PER OZ. 1 ; 44 1112 1, • • • : : •.•. 35% Foreign Gold in bars.. £3 17 9 be z - 7•• •:* • .• . ..... 36 Portugal Gold Coin .. 3 17 5 ••• . ..... New Doubloons 00 0 • ** •• . ..... New Dollars 0 4 9% Silver la bars ........ 0 0 0 I _,, LLO:bittog L----- SIIIPPING.—(T HIS DAY.) Z i t:ACT 1 1 4 1 kt a , u t Z s s. —Wind S., light breeze, and cloudy, ev Arrd. Cockburn, -1 4 q l l -1 7 - -W' d WN W. to ,- -- 14 vtt t t°' i in •. ' Jamaica. Mary Stod- Week, Dean , tal,:4 7. —Wind --" . • Barbadoes ; Huson, (lart ' '4 , 4 q , 4411 3', Garrequ i Yeti c. ' N'alaeiC, n tt i. 4 ; Camilla, Jackson,. AV—Arrd. °P r L Calnana , b eri . 4 / rtftvoo :7 l. Sid. 7, Great Britain, steam.er,CNumew. -r1,..; u . , JULY 7.—Columbus; etv ittilda ; . • l 't, Jul. L ockwood ; La oink y 6 Kerr, Bernbav ; , IP, if Jerry, j a „,:.. -- buncan Ritchie, Mag . net. 1 40 t • l '' t 4 Ste -Grant, Favourite, n real .= .‘tl. Wi rt, Laird, Montreal; Belle e ' l "'"ea • Lady Carolina, Ducten, Creol e ' is Newfoundland ; 6, Bel , Muirl '4, Rozelle, Bell, Newfoun St. - John s, ° l r r ihtitA'ed' Demerara. 1., (:/ rt Tiri9,. - -,." -- " 1413 , 'kyr 4.—H. Wilhelniina, Africa. "e. r ."' II - ,;,,, ; ' 411 ,_ T , J uLY 3.—Caledonia, Wishart, St. , .rAt.alt.ll/,;,.."'e1,; Frederica, Atkinson, Boston. 0 44(4 '3 ' l, JULY 6 . —Esther, Bertram, Jersey for im N li e7 . - jaltond, with 4 p, jib-boom and fore-cross• trees c . arried r.to . ~, al h b t' '''' , JtILY s . —Civility, Gowen, Rlchebo- , i ' it, .. 'ince Edward's Island. ivtor, JuLY 7 •—Ski. Fanny Palmer, Cutting, c.- "anal S avage, Smyrna. Smyrna ; 4ArtliET NEWS. —(THIS DAY.) rit,,,„ —,,,,‘lnN EXCHANGE —WEDNESDAY. tAlie arrirals of English Wheat for our market, during the h teBeh t week, have been on a very limited scale. Although ~,"..e ilhow of samples of thzt article was small, the demand I;„''' kmewhat inactive, at Monday's quotations. With vreikit Wheat we were heavily eopplied ; hence the sale for it w a.a . very depressed state, at uzz - ttly stationary prices. it - in a • moderate supply, and in i-tive request, at evei Ls w c as urr i e n ncles. The best Malt Nvjs quilis at z.lear; in all p iti da next to nothing . was do ing. ts, Beane, 1.,,,zii, an I°ll r were a slow inquiry, at latrateas. ARRIVALS. rloy. I Oats \ Flour. • eat. I Ba g , 5J qrs. 760 qrs. 860 ski .„48111111 .• •..• 1; 470 qre. 4030 --. Ru h .... • , ___- 15,580 ---- PQ4ign ••:::: 1 5,770 7,540 3ialt, 3,300 qrs. WHITZCHAPEL. . ral l . l l. B upply of each ki n d of meat being on the increase, th e Fr-0"„7:.;- demand ruled heavy, at barely late rates. Beef Veal 2 3s Gd to 3s Gd ; MU t t on, 2 s 10d to 4s ; Lamb, 5s to 65; % it ' , 3 8 6d to 45 6d ; and P or k, 3s 4d to 4s 10d per Blbs by e carcase. CI TY or L ONDON MECHANICS' INSTITUTE, GOULD- Prr4Zl', Mixoauts.—On Monday evening lad, Mr. B. Wa o le , re another of his Lectures on the Genius and Writings . 1 . (41!t/Too and Shelley. The lecture was well sustained through ? and illustrated by many of the best bi.-lections front th e Harold, Don Juan, Cain, Queen Mab, a Dream of the weather Sta 9 ate. Notwithstanding the very unfavourable state received u, the audience was good, - a nd th e l ec ture well theliZeßfficium PALAcE.—The avement under jgesr,artd portico of the palace has beenremoved . during her h ._ 1 .5 3 abort absence, and the kamptolite, or India rubber i'vltv:stont, substituted, which had its first trial on Monday ki ti l s t t iZe ntlinerous carriages of the outgoing and incoming r. e ?' ilikth 13 4 1 9 of Colchester, who is• now in his ninety- Ito y ., , ear ? liaz just been elected an honorary member of the st „." 4 Soc ety of Musicians, cf which he has I)am. member "clil liatY and seventy years. TILE__ _ SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENINt3g, LITERATURE CHARACTERS OF GREAT MEN. By Thomas 111'1% cvin. This pamphlet is nothing less than the reprint of a le2ture delivered in a repeal reading-room at Dublin. It is altogether and essentially Irish. The convolution of the sentences, the idiomatic earnestness, the conven tionality of phrase, the very looseness of the treatment, are all peculiarly and especially Irish. We like it none the less for that—indeed, we like it only the more for its striking nationality of tone and manner, and because likewiie' the matter is entirely divested of factitious embellishments or party insinuations. Whatever may be our difference of opinion on the minor points of the characters of Napoleon, Franklin, and Washington— ' however much we may disagree with Mr. M•Nevin in thinking Napoleon insincere, and Washington a genius— we must acknowledge that his estimate of those illus trious personages is, on the whole, judicious. In his re verence, however, for the writings of Thomas Carlyle— that d ep thinker and plain speaker of this our day we go heart and soul, lip and hand. Rugged, and even blundering he is, if measured by the prettinesses and the petty euphonisres of letters ; but there is a profun dity in his thoughts, a sweetness in his pathos, a❑ awe in his selemcity, and a sparkle in his hilarity, which few of the more sedate and ornate writers can ever hope to evince. Still we will confess that a fondness for the books of Carlyle can arise solely from a peculiar sympathy for hs genius in the reader ; a man cannot school himself into a love for those rare volumes—that love, as Goodman Dogberry saith of reading and writing, " comes from nature." Mr. M'Nevin possesses this sympathy, and here, and there he affords us a glimpse of it in the course cf this clever essay. JOHN BULL'S TRIP TO BOULOGNE AND CALAIS. We like the notion of this little volume excessively: it does credit to the ingenuity of Mr.Aird, the intelligent au thor of the "Student's Self -InstructingFrencb Grammar." The object of the book is simply to afford the casual visitor of France every facility for the acquirement of so much of the language of that country as will enable him to engage in ordinary conversation, and to minister to his various exigencies on the journey. Knowing that the ordinary course of tuition presented very con siderable obstacles to all who are desirous of obtaining such knowledge, and intimately acquainting himself with the most facile means of instruction to be adopted under the circumstances, Mr. Aird has produced a volume pre cisely calculated to supply the deficiency. In three ex tremely short and extremely agreeable lessons the reader is thoroughly initiated into the necessary myste ries of the French tongue ; and if, after studying " John Bull's Trip," he be not able to maintain a pleasant chat with any one amongst our neighbours across the English Channel it is altogether his own fault —not the book's ! The author has linked with these lessons a very comical narrative of the travelling adventures of Mister John Bull and his care vase ; from one portion especi ally, we man the village fete at Porte), we should be tempted to make a quotation did our space permit. The humour of the occurrence would he however wholly destroyed by any abbreviation, while to transcribe it entirely is impossible in the at present crowded state of our columns. A certain eccentric little personage, entitled Professor Polichinella, adds amazingly both to the amusement and instruction derivable from " John Bull's Trip." With Mrs. Bull we can commend the Professor for a " real native," and we can moreover advise any visitor of France who is ignorant of the language to obtain this little volume as his most agreeable and use ful travelling companion. THE PLOUGH. Vol. 1. Prosperity has so far attended this publication, and if it be conducted henceforth with similar talent and similar enterprise, its volumes cannot fail to accumulate as each successive half-year transpires. As a monthly miscellany of " agriculture and rural affairs," it has already acquired a very distinguished position, and this rapid elevation of a new aspirant in a field so often and so ably trodden, is to be ascribed, we conceive, to the extreme utility which characterises not only every num ber, but almost every individual paper in every num ber. The utility of the article is, moreover, enhanced by the popular strain in which it is advanced, and also by the appropriateness of the different contri butions to the seasons and circumstances in which they are produced. As a favourable specimen of this we may instance the number of the Plough for the current 1404ntil l namely July. Besides a well-timed budget of " Remarks on the Maturation of Fruits," another of " Observations on Diarrhtea in bambs," and a curious dissertation on " Furze, Gorse, or Whin," the magazine contains a very valuable lecture on the comp°• sition of the enrth, as applied to agriculture, the first of an admirable aerie:, pf chapters explanatory of "The Natural History of the Cierettl Plant 9." and one of the renowned Baron Justus Liebig s kroasarq, entitled, "Remarks on Fallow." Not satisfied, however, with such a ralalogue raisona, the editor begins ti An Agricultural I s . tiryey of England"—a subject both copious and intereSttpg Fpnugh to fill an entire book of itself- r -and which, when Pippleted will prove a most useful statistical resource. One article in the present number we mud in justice par ticuia-4*., p both readable to any ordinary peruser, and as of especial iinpo f tiinge to all who are engaged profes sionally in cnitlyating the ea,;th,—we mean a descrip tion of the effects produced by aration,? , pr the break ing up and leoscaing of the coil; an operation which, by allowing the latent heat pf the globe to radiate through the particles of mould more ite - ely Pm it could otberwt§e, tends most remarkably to facilitate the pro gress of vegetatipn. The subject is ably treated, and deserves every ntwcitiop I perhaps we are the more induced to regard such im.tters with a favourable eye from our entimsiasrn fpr the propagation of a pl.ilosophic spirit in all the departnaentz pf husbandry. We cannot help regarding as a somewhat anomalous circumstance about this pre liminary volume of the Piofigif the delicacy and evanescent beauty of the binding; surely a work which is intended for the perusal of our honest, heavy-handed tenant-fartnev,s N4ould have been covered more unos tentatiously and durably,---not by a dainty apple-green and gold, which a gossamer might sropdge and the powder of a lily stain beyond all reparation, If green , were so absolutely requisite, surely a " jolly gr een ' would have been more serviceable. In future the pub lisher might take a hint from Shakspere's ejaculation, "4 Go hang a calf-skin round those recreant limbs !" cessful competitors of the season. The usual loyal and national toasts were given, and drunk with enthu siasm, and after spending a pleasant evening, the cora rany broke up at an early hour. During the entertainment, the CHAIRMAN adverted to the performance of one of the successful candidates of the last season, a Mr. Pewters, who swam with ease one hundred yards in a minute. Letters from Mr Sergeant Talfourd and Mr.Waklcy were read, expressing their regret at not being able to attend the meeting of the society. DEATH OF LORD CHIEF JUSTICE . . TINDAL. (From the Times.) The earthly career of the late Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas haS bein terminated rather suddenly., About ten days ago lie attended the hearing of an Irish appeal in Cie House of Lords—" Sheehy v. Lord Muskerry." Oa leaving the House he complained of excessive heat, and ap peared to be almost fainting. lie was, within a few hours, s:ized with paralysis of the left leg, extending. as we under stand, to the hip-joint ; and, aft, r the lapse of two or three d a ys, his medical adviser recommended him to proceed to the seaside. 1V idiom delay lie repaired to Folkestone, accom panied by his son, Captain Tindal ; but there he unhappily experienced a renewal of his alarming malady. Several members of his family were summoned, though little more than in time to witness his dissolution. He expired on Mon day evening at half-past seven o'clOck, to the inexpressible grief of his family and numerous friends,as well as to the great ;egret of the public at large—for he was one of the most popular as well as the most eminent judges that ever adorned the bench of justice. Sir Nicolas Cenyngham Tindal was in the 70th year of his age, having been born in 1776. There was, however, a general impression that his birth took place some years earlier than that date, for, though hale and vigorous, he seemed to be rather older than threescore-and-ten. It is also generally supposed that he was a native of Buckinghamshire; but of this there can be no doubt, that he is descended . from an old Essex family, and that his father, Robert Tindal, who was a solicitor, resided for many years, if not the whole of his life, at Chelmsford, in Essex. There is a Mr. Tindal, brother to the late Chief Justice, who practises as a solicitor in Ayles bury, but we have every reason to believe that the subject of this notice was born at Chelmsford. After the usual course of school education, he entered at Trinity College, Cambridge, in the year 1795, and within four Years of that period—in 1799—he took the degree of A. B , and that of A.M. in 1802. In the former year ho was eighth wrangler and senior Chancellor's medallist. In the month of October,lBol, he was elected a follow of his college, and held the fel lowship for eight years. Immediately after taking hia Master's degree, he became a student of Lincoln's Inn, by which society he was eventually called to the bar. His connexion with Lincoln's Inn probably gave rise to the com mon error that he had been a Chancery barrister; but, on the contrary, his practice was limtted to the common law courts. Shortly after his admission to Lincoln's Inn, he en tered upon practice with very considerable success as a spe cial pleader, and Lord Brougham stated ) esterday that he had been among the number of his pupils. There can be no question that a young law student could hardly have chosen a safer guide, for a man more thoroughly learned than Mr. Tindal even then was, in every department of the law, could scarcely be found within the range of the profession, and he was especially celebrated for what is called " black letter le irning." His high reputation brought him so many clients that at a very early age he thought it safe to go to the bar, and accordingly we find that he was called in Trinity Term, 1809. In the ssme year he married the Youngest daughterof the late Captain Thomas Symonds, RS., and of course resigned his .fellowship. A numercus family were the issue of this marriage, but the wife of Sir Nicolas Tindal died many years ago. In the Court of King's Bench, and on the Northern Circuit ! OvrY year brought Mr, .Tindal additional reputation as a lawyer, but very little fame as an advocate. He was never at a loss for a case ; he could always expound a principle ; he could give the history of any statute, and with great perspicuity set forth its provisions; he could argue any point, however apparently hopeless, and impeach the validity of any legal document, however apparently sound; but a knavish witness could elude his examination, and an apathetic jury were never warmed by his eloquence t yet he had what the pro: fession calls a " capital business ;" and a large income re, warded his learning, his industry, and his fllgh 414satilog faculties. The natural protaess by which lawyers seek ad e ; vancement in their profession is to get into Parliament. Mr. Tindal, however, enjoyed a distinguished opportunity of ap pearing before one house of Parliament long before his elec tion as a Member of the pOeF, 4 13ill or pinto and pepalties was preferred against the Queen of George 'V., and in one of the most extraordinary proceedings that our history records Mr. Tindal was called upon to bear his part. 110, conjointly with 4tr t lral others, was counsel for the Queen. How far his astuteness and knowledge rendered hint al} efficient assistant to her Majesty's'AttOrney e General was a matter not very apparent at that period. That lie was ca able of giving yaia - abie flinty to hie tpßrp ghowy brethren f-jqi'd4 Brougham and Penman, there can be do donlat, but his oratory was not of the order to neutralise the eazzling in• genuity of Copley, or to cope with the wily manoeuvres of a cloud of Italian witnesses. Prep ! thaNh 4 anioyed honpur of being a Queen's a yoeale, he obtametywitli thp public tittle additiplial reputation frond his Share in thiS ex trprdinary now follow, him to theliOnse . of Commons; to 4hich assendtly in time year 104 ne rim-turned by the IVigton district of urghs ; and - here also we can say but little for his qualifications as a public speaker. flis 'panne?: was cold, dry, and unimpressive; his political and ili@iorb ml knowit4ge ' [I cm itself' 43 inf4ll ad vantage 2 It ffere upon few questions, and net even upon those w4ii muOi 'power, One would have expected that his talents and leartllng as a lawyer must have often enabled him to enlighten the Honse on legal difficulties, but yet lie had not a popular nice of dis cussing even questitine jaw- 3 f4eveftheless, a getter (clan the office et Solieiter-fleneral could not found amongst the Tory lawyers in the fpolith of SppteMber, log, when Sir C. Wetheieil b4ca; - ,to 41ivney- cieneral, in esnseemence of the elevation of Sir John Copley, aftecsyards Lord. Lyncle burst, to the Mastership of the Rolls. At this time Ur. incir f l became Sir Nicolas, but lie still remained without , any 'very material increase of ppefessional fanta, Tier I 'm he called upon duriUg' his tenure Of office tp assist in any im portant preeecution on b e half of the Crewn. Sir J. Copley, who had Fepoppilted the Upiversity of Cambridge, became Lord Chaneellor in the year 182 t, sigma the Panning Ad ministration ; thereupon a vacancy occurred in the repre sentation of that constituency, and Sir Nicolas Tindal soli pited suffraze.. Mr. William John Bankes, though also a Terry,. Went pwtl iP oppose him; the result of the polling iyae, -17 t! for Sir Nicholas Tindal, and 378 for Mr. Wilkes, He had heen chpsen for Harwich at the general election in 18' 3 6, but of course readily withdrew from that borough to enjoy the honour of representing alma witor, Eventually, however, he became perfectly satisfied with two years' possession of this much envied dietinetion. Gout, irritability, and Sir Thomas Wilde, combined their united virulence to drive poor Lord Wynford almost' beside himself. The chief seat in the Common Pleas therefore became vacant, and a prize within s tl e ie t g ed ra u sp xtoa, of the Solicitor-General, Sir Robert Peel repre nSiiru t Nicolas he Lower Tindal i uCambridge the; otthheerons second e c w on a d s leading Minister law officer of the Crown ; the one proposed Catholic emanci pation, the other supported it ; the one retained his place in tido Cabinet and lost hi s seat f or O x f or d ; th e M em b er for Cambridge gave tip his 04 for that University, but obtained a seat upon th e b enc h ; an d i n th e mon th of June, 1829, became Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, which position he occupied flurin,.,rt the long period of 17 years, al though, under the 13th of tieorge IV., cap. 83, he might, at the end of years, have claimed exoneration from the toils of that high station? Death, however, has at length de prived him of its honours and relieved him of' its labours. Sir Thomas Wilde will soon occupy the situation be filled on the bench, although few men are qualified to supply the place which he held in the public esteem. If be had a ny faults, he certainly possessed many most shining qualities - as a judge. Gentlemen of the bar who practise in a given court may never be able to agree amongst each other. or with the public, respecting the merits of any judge who occupies a seat on the bench of that court ; still less can they be brought to anything like an admission that any judge at any time was ever wholly faultless. The public, however, are not remarkable for such nice discrimi nation; but, with less knowledge and far less fastidious ness, they pronounce an unqualified opinion, either to the great discredit or the infinite honour of the personage who may at the time have become the subject of their notice. As to the merits of Chief Justice Tindal the bar maybe divided, but the public are unanimous. They looked at his " sum mings-up' ae among the most masterly exhibitions of judicial sagacity, and they regarded his calm, thoughtful, he and ie e. would tran h q ec u ya i l sat i d n tm fl h e ei x rle i id b g i ht l i ht t e y . f a as the impersonation of British j us - c vigour and promptitude with which clear and searching intellect upon some vast accumulation of minute facts, inferences, and ex positions,—how he would track out a plain and palpable path amidst some labyrinth of contradictory evidences. The world viewed with admiration the manner in which he threw aside the sophistries and disentangled the forensic perplexi ties with which cases are sometimes enveloped,—how lie dis sipated the obscurities, lopped off the irrelevancies, curtailed the redundancies which had been imported into the cause by the weak or wily advocate, and, finally, how he reduced the real point in dispute to its strict and indisputable merits. Such was the impression that the character of Chief Justice Tindal made upon the community at large; and, whatever criticism his alleged eccentricities might occasionally pro voke among the members of the Bar, all was forgotten in the intervals between one term and another, while his impertur bable temper, the uniform amenity of his manner, his perfect independence of spirit, his high integrity, and great judicial abilities were always present to the mind of every observer. T WENT Y-S E COND THE SELECT • COMMITTEE O. _ BILLS CLASSIFICATION. cation C 4 Th ßail el w e S ay Bills accordingect. Committee apptoointe the d resolution for the C adopt assi by 0,10 s• - House, have further consid ere d th e severa l ma %t re en ferred to them, and agreed to report as follows : Your Committee recommend that the London and artith- Western Railway (London-bridge Extension) Bill ; the Eastern Counties Railway (Tottenham to Farringdon• greet) Bill; the North Kent 'Railway (City Extension) 1 lilt, be referred to a distinct Committee, Group No. 67. Your Committee recommend that the Sheffield and Lin colnshire Extension Railway Bill ; the Ely and Huntir gdon Railway (Bedford Extension) Bill, be referred to a die tinct Committee, Group No. 68. Your Committee recommend that the Eastern Coun ties j Railway (Wisbech to Spalding) Bill be referred to a distil. '.ct I Committee, Group No. 69. Your Committee reco:nmend that the Sligo and Shannon: 4 Railway Bill; the Dublin, Belfast, and Coleraine JunctionL Railway Bill ; the Galway and Kilkenny Railway Bill; the Dublin and Enniskillen Railway Bill; the Londonderry set& Enniskillen Extension Railway Bill, be referred to a distir ict Committee, Group No. 70. PARLIAMENTARY BUSINESS. (From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Common is. TUESDAY, JULY 7. The following Railway Bills, with the Lords' a►nendments, were agreed to : Bristol and Exeter (Crewkerne Branch). Newmarket and Chesterford.l Reading, Guildford, and Reigate. London and South-Western (Farnham and Allon Branch). Kilmarnock and Troon (with an amendment). Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow, and Dublin. Morecombe Harbour and Railway. St. Helen's Canal and Railway. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET JULY MEETING. TUESDAY. Handicap Sweepstakes of 20 sous. each, and only 5 ft., if de dared, for three years old and upwards, New T.Y.C. (12 Subs., 10 of whom declared.) Lord Lonsdale's Miss Milner colt, 3 yrs, ist 31b (A. Day) 1 Mr. I'. P. Rolt's Ey enus, 6 yrs, Ost 71b Mr. Wesley's Elimea, 3 yrs, sst 101 b 0 The followirg also started, but were not placed :—Mr. Philimore's Skeleton, 5 yrs, 7st 1 2lb ; Mr. Pettit's . Alvanley, 5 yrs, 7st Blb ; Mr. E. BoycesColleen Bawn, 4 yrs 7st 81b; Lord Exeter's Cocoa Nut, 5 yrs, 7st 51b; Sir J. Hawley's Brother to Valentissimo, 3 \ ra, 7st 51b; Mr. Shelle% 's Hawkesbury, 4 yrs, Cat 91b ; Lord Exeter's Lebanon, 3 yrs, Est 31b; Mr. Wigram's Metha, 3 yrs, sst 10Ib. Betting-4 to 1 agst Skeleton, and 6to 1 each agst Evenus, Colleen Bawn, Brother to Valentissimo, Miss Milner colt, and Hawkesburv. Lebanon and Elimea made the running, Colleen Bawn, Skeleton and six or eight others icing well up with them to the corner of the plantations ; the Miss Milner colt here took a slight lead, followed by Evenus and Elimea, the latter making so close a race of it that the judge could not place a second, but neither of them reaching the Miss Milner colt, who wcn by half a length ; Skeleton fourth, and nearly all well up. Bun in one minute and fifteen seconds. The July Stakes of 50 soya. each, 30 ft., for two years old colts - Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 51b; the second to save his stakes. New T.Y.C. (25 Subs.) Sir J. Hawley's Sister to Deer Cha5e...............(51y) 1 Colonel Peel's Vert-Vert 2 3lr. Pedley's Cos •• nip :—Lord The following also started, but were not placed Exeter's c by Haman Platotl; out of Marmora—Lord Exe ter's f by Iletman Platolf, out of Galata—Lord Lonsdale's f by Redshank, out of Oxygen— Col. Anson's Don Ciesar—Mr. W. Etwall's Sister to ..Egis—Mr. Newton's b c by Red shank, out of Jenn y Jumps's dam—Lord E. Russell's Eldon. Betting-7 to lon Cossack, who took the lead, followed by Marmora colt and Eldon, close up, with whom were Sis ter to Deer Chase, Vert-Vert, and Don Caesar. They ran thus to the top of the hill, where Sister to Deer Chase took up the running, went through with it, and won easy by a length ; Vert-Vert beating the favourite by a head, and Deer Chase a good fourth. Run in 1 minute 14 seconds. We have only time to add to the above brief return of a poor day's sport, that the betting was flat, and the weather cold, but the attendance quite as full as is usually seen at a July meeting. (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) NEWMARKET—TUESDAY NIGHT. ENTRIES FOR WEDNESDAY. 501. for all ages. Wolfdog, 4 vrs, Bravissimo, 3 yrs, Cantley 3 yrs. The Town Plate, last mile and a B. C. Smuggler Bill, Queen Anne,' br c by Colwiek out of the Czar's dam Cantley, Rufus, Bravissimo (Brother to Valentis simo), Leaconfield,Joy. Sweepstakes, New T. Y. C. Samphire, Fugitive, Sharpshooter, Sercingle. LATEST BETTING. LIVERPOOL Cur.— 3 to 1 agst Mendicant, (t). GOODWOOD STAKES —9 to 1 agst Camera Obscura (t), 10 to 1 agst The Hero, 20 to 1 agst Connaught.Ranger (t), 33 to 1 agst Bold Archer (t). ST. LEGEK.-5 to 1 on the field, 12 to 1 agst Grimston (t), 5 45 to 1 agst Fancy Boy. 40 to 1 against Vanish. LATEST BETTING - AT MANCHESTER—( TUESDAY.) Livicuroot. Cur.-3 to 1 agst Mendicant (t), 9to 1 agst Satyr (t), W to 1 agst My Mary (t), 12 to 1 agst The Con juror (t), 14 to 1 agst Yardley (t), 15 to 1 against High wayman, 18 to 1 agst Telemachus (t), 18 to 1 against Lightning (t), 18 to 1 agst Rowena (t), 18 to 1 agst Intrepid, 25 to 1 agst Polish (t). GOODWOOD STAKES.-9 to 1 agst Camera Obscura 10 to 1 apt The Hero (t), 20 to 1 agst Jenry Wren (t), 20 to 1 agst The Giantess (t), 25 to 1 agst Jonathan Wild (t), 25 to 1 agst Connaught Ranger (t), 25 to 1 agst Pe titiongr. ST. lagbir.ll.-5 to 1 agst Pyrrhus the First (t), 5 to 1 agst Hr Tattoo Sykes (t), 8 to 1 agst Brocardo (t). WORCYSTEB RACES—TUESDAY. The Severti Stakes of 0 soar. each, and 25 added. Mile and A quarter. (10 subs,) 3fr, E. Peel's Spitheai, 3 yrs, ist (H. Bradley, jun.) 1 Mr. J. Thompson's Hope, 4 yrs, Bst llb Mr. Clay's Pal, 2 yrs, Tat Fair Charlotte and I3orrani Were not placed. Won by a length. The Two-Year Old Stakes of 10 cove. eaah, and 25 added. Half a mile. (4 Subs.( Mr. E. Griffith's Lady Litt, Bst 21b Lord Caledon's fby Simoom, out of Pergama, Bat 21b ... 2 Mr. Pearce's Yellow Rose, Bst 2lb ... A good race, the favourite beaten by half a length. The Worcestershire Stakes of 20 sous. each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared, with 100 added; the second saves his stake. Two miles. (20 Subs; 12 paid.) Captain Harcourt's The 0r4441, 3 yrs, 6st 61b (Duncan) 1 Mr. Parr's Dulcet, 4 yrs, ist 121 b„„„.,..,.... ...... 3 Mr. A. W. Hill's Ironmaster, 4 yrs, 7st 41b ,„,.... Mr. Day's Zela, 5 yrs, Est 61 b up 4 Won easy. The Members' Puree a 50/. ; 3 yrs old, 7st 121 b ; 4 yrs, 9st 41b; 5 yrs, 9st 121 b; yrs and aged, lOst ; mares allowed 31bs, and half-bred horses 9tb.3. ijeats, two miles. Sir, G. Dumble's Rosin the Beau, 8 yrs (WhiielMuse) 1 1 Mr, Collett's Nannie 3 yr. fp 2 2 Sir. Iferbart's Powick, 4 yrs Two well-contested heats. AWFUL THU . :% I PER-STOistri.-_ PENRITH, JUNE 6. Yesterday afternoon one of the most teirille and awful thunder storms ever remembered, accompanied with hail, visited Fen rith and its neighbourhood, The morning was fine and clear, the sun shining brightly, and edaeeely a cloud was visible to dim the horizon. Soon after noon the a;: . became quite sul try and overpowering, and thunder was oirgee;enally heard at a distance. About three o'clock the sky suddenly became dark and lowering, and the clouds might be seen mowing through the air in different directions at a rapid rate. About four o'cLoele daylight was almost shut out by the sudden darken ing and overhanging clouds, and about this time an awful clap of thunder was heard, accompanied with lightning, and after a short interval one of the most severe and tremendous hail showers commenced that was ever witnessed by the oldest inliebitant living in the neighbourhood, and continued with uriabateel fury for upwards of half an hour the 411• stones were the Jarst ever seen, being about the size of a common Spanish nut and the streets were covered with them fee some time:until the rain fell in torrents. During the contimi2nce of this severe bail-etorm the thunder raged in .on,e ,eo ntinuous and awful roil, no interval between &tail pea intervening ; and the air seemed literally in one eitetria flame of fire,• flash suc ceeding flash without any intermission during the con. tinuence of the storm. The fury of the tempest did not lot above an hour, but during that time most of the streets of keerith were sheets of water, and the elwOing houses in low sitaatipns were mostly inundated. We have not as yet heard of spy dernage done by the lightning, but a considerable number of sieetp - its and windows in exposed situatiees have been broken by the few and size of the hail stones, and nearly all the glass frames in the gardens of the neighbourhood Wye been destroyed or damaged by the seve rity of the storm, it is supposed that great damage will have bean done to the stasid,ing crops in the country by the hail- storm ; but as yet we Nava not heard the particulars. It is only about a week since the raiKaaihs overhanging lisswigic were covered with snow, which seems veiy extra ordinary at this season of the year. DEATH FROM A FISTOL-SHaT.—Yesterday afternoon Mr, William Baker, jun., ,deputy-coroner, held an inquest at the Black Bull, Kingsland-read, on the body of Mr. Charles James Kampf, aged 21, who had lately come into possession of eosn property, and had within the last few months opened a grotty's drop, at 31, High-street, Kingsland. William Bellamy, an assistant to the deceased, said that on the evening of Mondav, the 22d of Jane last, the deceased, who had been ant, - returned home at half-FSt eleven at night. Witness, ore attempting to close the door, was told by the deceased to let it alone and go to bed. He left the deasese of him d w a j t t t h h e e h d e o l o l r ra sn4ok t i h n e g n a et i t ga nw r, r a n n ip d g, h e w h h e e a n r d h nothing t wound dow in nstaihrsisaud thigh, lie bts said, master , I hopeinachatihr,e Lordwithw the u ris t t ak ol e me," . Ile afterwards said, "that whilst he was taking a pistol oat of his pocket the trigger naught the lappel of his coat, and it eig&ded." He had had the pistol in his pos session about two enoieths, and had fired it • at the back of his premises on the prolong; Saturday, in consequence of thinking that he heard thieves there, On coming of age he entered into' possession of considerable property. Witness had observed that his spirits were depressed, but he did not know the CUlse. He had been keeping company with a young lady at Wooaord. During the last fortnight of his life he had complained of put toping able to sleep. Police constable 287 N gave testimony to the same effect. The in, quiry at this stage was adjourned to procure the attendance of the surgeon, to ascertain whether or not deceased had made any statement to him resp ec t in g the affair. Sir 1% Wilde is to succeed the late Chief Justice Tin dal. Mr. Jervis will be Attorney-General, and it is said that Mr. Romilly will be the new SolicitoreGeneral, The Earl of Liverpool will retain his office as Lord Steward of her Majesty's Household. The Earl of Granville, it is said, will be appointed Master of the Buckhounds. It is Captain Henry Eden, R.N., who is appointed Private Secretary to Lord Auckland, the now First Lord of the Ad miralty. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—The last meetino for the summer was held yesterday a ft e rnoon, at the rooms of the society in Regent-street, 111 r. Soll3, F.R.S., in the chair. The exhibition included a collection of interesting varieties of fruit and plants from China, recently brought over by Mr. Fortune, the Society's collector. An interesting object was a clove tree in good bloom and perfect fruit, from the gardens of the Duke of Northumberland at Sion-house, bearing this condiment in high perfection, for which the society awarded the Silver Knightian Medal to M r. Carter, gardener to the Duke. THE FATAL EXPLOSION AT THE DROITWIC/I SALT wons:.4.—DROITWICH, TuEsDAY.—The shocking affair which happened here on Friday last, turns out to be of a much more extraordinary character than even appeared at the time of its occurrence. Yesterday afternoon, the coroner for the city of Worcester (where one of the unfortunate sufferers died at the hospital), commenced an inquiry at that institution, before a respectable jury, touching the origin of the accident, but in the absence of . necessary witnesses the proceedings were adjourned until Thursday next. Since Friday, the proprietors of tha works where the acci• dent happened have surveyed the ruins of the premises, and find that at the lowest computation it would take a thousand pounds to put them in sufficient repair for use. The origin of the disastrous affair cannot be ascertained with any degree of certainty, there never having been a similar accident at these or any other salt-works fit Droitwich within recollec tion. The force of the explosion may be judged from the fact, that two carts, with the horses attached to them, were actually blown into the river Satwarpe, and the scalding brine, escaping from the tanks, rushed into the stream, and randeled it too hot to bear the hand in, besides destroying the ash, WRAP CONSTITUTES A DOCTOR P—A bastardy case was brought before the magistrates at the Town Hall, on T hursday, the putative father being what was called a doce!or• guide them Vie magistrates in the absence of the "doctor," seemed to have some doubt whether he had claims to the explanation en this title or not, a questioned on the hillthe 4 w7tn 3j ell top ascertain the fact, probably in order to o r f e t p h li e ed o , rder, they required some mysterious subject. A witness on being formation. Mr. B T r iltter, gave the following enlightened in doctor or not, O7 having asked him whether he was a .. Whv, does he give advice "He is." Mr. Birley— pay, for it."—Bolton Free p ress . Witness—" No ; he makes em A respectable correspondent DoMLSTIC SEA G LTL4. Scrap of natural history : transmits to us the followi ng " There is in the possession - ofa farce s pecies, residing in Garnet from Ailsa Craig, Hill, a sea gull, of tl.e which he has brought up from the t slugs in his most serviceable by destroying the snails ari 'sa'ahidllemi)o37,psreosvoend garden ; but in addition to this description ofnfdeetng he has acquired a taste for sparrows, and scarcely with four or His system of catching them is this :—Ha is upon the best which he does not regale himself terms with a number of pigeons which this gentleman hasst aral, as the sparrows feed along with them, he mi xes in the , group, and, by stoopithr, assumes as much as possible their appearance, .44 then ` se ts' at the sparrow as a pointer dog would do his game ;Ilk's Aey . .t instant he has his prey by the back, and swallows it Witlll;lat oyoi it time to shut its ves."— Glasgow Ir. akl. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queeu held Cogrt yesterday afternoon at Buckingham Palace. His Highness Ibrahim Pacha, attended by Sami Pacha, and also by Edib Effendi, Turkish Chargi d'Affaires, bad 4a audience of her Majesty. Count de Bjornstjerna, one of the Seigneurs of the IKingdom, General of Infantry, Envoy Extraordinary tand Minister Plenipotentiary from his Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, had an audience of the Queen, on his retuvn to this Court on leave of absence. Colonel fterregui, Minister Plenipotentiary from the Re public of Peru, had an audience of her Majesty to pre sent his credentials. Baron de l3eust, Saxon Minister Resident, had an audience of the Queen, to deliver his credentials. His Highness the Pacha, and their Excellencies were respectively' introduced by Viscount Palmerston, G.C.8., her Majesty's principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, and conducted by Sir Robert Chester, Master of the Ceremonies. The Court was attended by Viscount Hawarden, Lord in Waiting ; and Mr. R. Ormsby Gore, Groom in Waiting. Lord — John Russell had an audience of the Queen yesterday. His Royal Highness Prince Albert rode out on horse back yesterday, attended by Lieut.-Colonel Seymour, Equerry in Waiting. The Prince visited his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, at Cambridge House. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, visited her Majesty yesterday. The Queen had a dinner party yesterday at Bucking ham Palace. The company included her Royal High ness the Duchess of Kent, his Serene Highness the Prince of Leinengen, his Serene Highness Ibrahim Pacha, SamiaPacha, Edib Effendi, Ottoman Charge d'Affaires; Viscount Palmerston, Lady Augusta Bruce, Baroness de Speth, the Marquis of Abercorn, the Earl of Liverpool, Colonel Bonfort (Secretary to Ibra him Pacha), and Mons. Nubar (Interpreter), and Major Dickson. The band of the Scots Fusilier Guards was in attend ance in the Palace during dinner. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge honoured the Marquis of Salisbury with their company at dinner on Monday. Her Royal Highness the Di chess of Cambridge honoured the Italian Opera with her presence last evening. The annual inspection of her Majesty's body guard of the Yeoinen of her Guard took place at St. James's Palace yesterday, when the whole of the corps was in spected by the Captain, attended by the Lieutenant, the Ensign, the Adjutant, and the Exons. Lord and Lady Charles Wellesley sustained a be reavement yesterday, by the death of their eldest son. Mr. Benjamin Hawes attended yesterday at the Co onial-office as one of the Under-Secretaries of State for ho Colonies. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colonial-office for the Governor of Hong-Kong. The Right Hon. Charles Wood, Chancellor of the Exchequer, has left town for Yorkshire. The Right Hon. H. Goulburn left town on Monday afternoon tor Cambridge. THE HOLBORN BATH SWIMMING CLUB ANNUAL DINNER. The annual dinner of this truly excellent and invalu able institution took place at the Freemason's Tavern, yesterday, when there was an exceedingly numerous at tendance of the members. The object of the dinner was not to obtain subscriptions to the funds of the society, but for the purpose of distributing medals and prizes to the successful competitors, and by a re-union, to promote amongst the members a social and friendly feeling. It is not our intention to enter into the merits of such an institution, as we are sufficiently aware that most people cordially coincide with the opinion of Locke, that swim ming forms a necessary part of the education of a man, but it may not be uninteresting to state, that according to the report of the Registrar-General in 1844, no fewer than 1,976 persons were accidentally drowned in that year, all of whom would be yet preserved to society and their friends had they known the art of swimming. Pas ;ing over the other advantages derived fvom the art, suo i as health and recreation, we will merely advert to the proceedings of the evening. Mr. Hedgman presided, and after the honorary secretary,Mr. IloraceKenworthy, read the re p or t, w hi c h sta t e d th e gratifying progress of the fully en grave d , society, several large silver medals, beauti were handed to Messrs. Poltoun sad Robinson of Oxford, who were the sue- SUGAR DUTIES. , It is confidently said that the plan to be proposed by Lord John Russell will be a sliding scale, terminating in a vanish ing point so far as differential duty is concerned. We are are assured that the gradation may be thus stated : BRITISH PLANTATION. ALL FOREIGN. 1845 ............... 14s. 1846 ...... .. ..... 14s. 1847 ...... 14s. ............... 235. 6d. 1848 ............... 14s. ...... ........ 23 5. 6d. 1849 ... ......... .. 14s. 1850 ............... 14s 1851 ............... 14s. 1852 .... .......... 14s. ...... ......... 16s. 10d. 1853 .... ..... ...... 14s. ......... .. ... 15s. 2d. 1854 ............... 14 s. .............. 14s. od . The duty thus resulting, at the last-mentioned date, is a permanent equalisation of fourteen shillings on British plan , tation and foreign sugars. — Post. . NOTlCE.—Messrs. Ferguson, ofl-lolmehead Works (trading under the firm of Joseph Ferguson), having a second time obtained an injunction in the Vice- Chancellor's Court against the use of their trade marks upon Silesias, and it having been deposed to at the trial that other houses besides the defendant had so used them, Messrs. Ferguson give this public notice, in the hope that it will be a sufficient warning to the parties in question, and obviate the necessity of fur ngs. Holme Head Works, near Carlisle, June ther proceedi 30, 1846. LICENSED VICTUALLERS' AsrL uar. -- -Yesterday after noon the half-annual meeting of the governors and supporters of this incorporated society, which is under the patronage of Prince Albert, and affords to upwards of 100 licensed victual lers and their widows in decayed circumstances a home, coals and candles, with weekly sums v arying from 6s to 7s. 6d., was held in the Freernasons"ravern, Mr. Charles Kempt in the chair. Mr. Jones, solicitor and secretary to the Society, read the domestic and financial reports, which stated that the late festival realised 2,500/, including 52/. 10s. from Prince Albert; ditto, from Mr. Seager ; and 21/. from Captain Pechell. The funded proper t y figured 7,315/., an d th e genera l finance of the Society exceeded by 6001. that of the preceding year. Upon the motion of Mr. Pierce, seconded by Mr, Marley, the report was adopted. After which, the different vacancies amongst the governors and trustees were filled up, and thanks voted to the chairman. TUE SALMON FISHING.--The grilse season has not as yet produced the usual quantities in any of our northern rivers. Some fine salmon have been caught, however. There was one of 271bs, got on the Conon, a few days ago, and one of 301hs. at Kilinuir. The price has not been less than Bd. per lb. here yet for salmon, and Gd. for grilse.--Boss-shire Advertiser, STANDING ORDERS' COMMITTEE. The following Resolutions were reported from the above Committee : 1. That, in the case of the South-Eastern Railway (from the Greenwich Railway to Chart, near Ashford, with Branches to Tunbridge and Riverhead) Bill, amendments on third reading, the amendments are of such a nature as ought not to be adopted at that stage. 2. That, in the case of the Liverpool and Bury and Man chester and Leeds Railway Amalgamation Bill, clause on consideration of report, the clause is of such a nature as may be adopted if the House shall think fit, without the re-com mitment of the Bill.—Report to lie on the table. South-Eastern Railway (from the Greenwich Railway to Chart, near Ashford, with Branches to Tunbridge and River head) Bill—further proceeding on third reading resumed; Bill passed. NOTICE OF MOTION. Mr. Greene—That standing orders, Nos. 121 and 122, re quiring amendments proposed on the report or third reading of a Bill to be referred to the Select Committee on Standing Orders, be, to the end of the present session, suspended— Friday, July 10. ELECTION MOVEMENTS. PLYMOUTH. JULY 7.—The interest experienced in respect to the elec tion become stronger and stronger every moment. Both par, ties to-day express themselves confident of success. An active canvass is being carried on on both sides. Mr. Vincent yesterday evening addressed several thousand persons in front of the theatre, he was received by the assembled multitmle with considerable applause, that multitude s holtwer, was composed principally of non-electors, This day at noon he spoke for about ope hour to another open-air meeting. His speech in this instance was listened to with less enthusiasm than was apparent at the meeting of last night. To-night he attends a meeting of the electors and others at the theatre. The best-informed think M. VingtriV4 chance of success very small, if indeed lie has any 9hapce at all, notwithstanding the flattering confidence of his friends. Lord Ebringtorils committee, sitting daily at the Mecha nics' Institute, are every moment expecting his LorclAhis arrival in town, but up to this time ( three o'clock r.. At.) be has not arrived, DE VONPORT. All is going on quiet in Devonport. The friends of Sir George Grey met last night to arrange matters fo r Oct re ception of the Hon. Baronet on his arrival = which is mected to take piece onT4tivAds l y. There is to he a dinner of Sir Qeorge alici his friend§ after the election on Friday. BOROUGH OF HERTFORD. HERTFORD, JULY 7.—ln consequence of Yfr, riggOqw. per, M.P. for this borough, lifiyipg 4cp@pted o ce as one of the ligr(l4 pf the 44m441th cosifierattie excitement was caused in tilt§ place cal the 'evening of Monday last, various speculations Wing indnlged in by different parties as to thi s pfohablo occurrence of a contest by some of ttie 4oll i s of families in the neighbourhood colillec44 T(41.4 Vn 4 -‘ protec tionist" interest, Thil ntelltiutil huv.RVer, the writ arrived, and at . an early nom! it was proclaimed to the public from the Town-h Ai li in the market-place, by Mr. Lawrence, the Mayo; of pcirtford. Shortly after this an nonneeiuun t ; the 4on; Candidate per sonally yiOteii the Oc.ictur.:4, uu9:iitipanied by Captain Towns end, the tiev. 3. ScriinShire, rector of St. Andrew's, Heil, foiq; Mr. IL Squires, Mr. W. Spence, Mr. Q ; crawley, Mr, John Tasker, Mr. Hanco c k, M r , 5 ; Q ous i ns , M r. Gardiner, and o her logi.liug Whig§ ot the neighb.ourhogd, There ap-. peatei to he the mot unanimous feeling in favour of the Hon. entlenian l and the promises yielded to him upon ap- Plication were roost abundant. 15. p to the time of the evening trains legying HeTtford last night no other candidate had made Ns appearance; indeed no opposition iq ngw eNpeeteci, It is aiiiitioned byte authorities that the election will take place on Saturday morning next, at an early hour, so that the proceedings may not interfere with puhlie business at the assizes, which open on Vriclay, These ha4l.4tii C.Clll§ l .4erithle llti2tla in the town throughoutthe whole day. GLOUCESTER. GLOUCESTER, TUESDAY.—TtIiS morning the friends of Captain Berksley commenced an active canvass with, as we are informed, great success. The Conservatives will offer no opposition. the Captain arrived by the express train from London at half-past 12 o'clock this morning, and was ac companied from the station of the Great Western Railway by the Sheriff; the Mayor, Alderman Walker, Alderman Jenkins, and many other liberal gentlemen of the town and neighbourhood. The party proceeded to the King's Head Hotel, and shortly afterwards the Captain visited the elec tors in person. On his arrival the bells of the different churches rang merry peals, and be received a warm recep tion from his supporters. The nomination is fixed for Satur day next. NOTTINGHAM. NOTTINGHAM, TUESDAY, 4 P.M.—The new President of the Boaid of Control is not to be allowed to " walk over the course." An address has been issued by the leaders of the Chartist body, calling on the constituency to support " Labour's champion, Feargus O'Connor, Esq.," who is expected to arrive this evening and address the electors forthwith in the market-place. A subscription bas also been commenced to pay Mr. O'Connor's share of the legal ex penses of hustings and polling-booths. So great is the un popularity of Sir John Hobhouse among all classes here, that should ha determine not to spend money his chances of re election, even with such an opponent, are by no means congratulatory. Sir J. Hobhouse has just arrived by the train from London. The nomination takes place to• morrow morning. SOUTH LANCASHIRE. LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY.—The writ having been ordered last evening, on the motion of Mr, Thornely, is expected to arrive here to-night, The election will, therefore, take place immediately. The prospects of the new candidate remain unaltered. LINES ON THE DEATH OF THE LATE MR. HAYDON. BY MRS. CHARLES TINSLEY. All thy trusts broken, Dispersed through the past, One shall not fail thee — Alas ! 'tis the last ! What life refused thee Death now shall give; Who let thee die thus Will now bid thee live. Why didst thou leave us A mem'ry like this? Torture so nigh to What might have been bliss! Man could have saved thee, His near aid was sought, He turned from thee coldly— () God, for the thought ! Noble and brave one,— Aye, brave', even here, Forsaking thine own For the lives that were dear— Rank, without greatness, And wealth, without worth, By thy sad proving But cumber the earth. Blessings encircle The kind heart that shed One bright beam on thine Ere its dense shadows fled; Thy pale hand uplifted, This record to bear, Is a picture so touching, 'Twill live everywhere! Gentle, and noble, And sorely-tried heart, Earth's yearning sorrow Would reach where thou art ! Eagerly longing To prove to thee yet, If not its justice, At least its regret. 0, if such interest As ours can thus grow From closely observing One human heart's woe, What may not love, • From all worldly taint free, The fathomless love Of thy God do for thee? * [We cannot coincide with our correspondent in regarding the crime of suicide as any indication of true valour. Does she not remember the epitaph which Napoleon ordained to be inscribed on the tomb of every suicide in his domi nions?—" Here lies a coward 1" In poor Ihydon, however, suicide was not so much the result of cowardice—for he had battled bravely, during forty-two years, against misfortnne = as from terrible madness, which has so oftell illeurvened tlpon the agony of contemned and neglected geniws—Ep. Sim.] THE CIRMFIO,SSHIr THE THAMES.— Charles Campbell, many years champion of the Thames, having recently disputed Robert Cootubes's claim to that honorary distinction until beaten by him, challenged him, and the latter having immediately accepted it, the parties and their friends met on Monday evening, at Messrs. Cownden and Wentzell's. the Ship, Fox-street, Lainbeth, when articles of agreement were entered into between them, to row fp.r 1001. aside, on Wednesday, the 19th of August, clear right away wager (no fouling), from Phtn4T-bredo . tg litoAt off 0h 1 4 3 at 140044 o, 1846. 'PORT FROM RAILWAY IR LAND. ACCIDENT. DUBLIN, JULY 5. DEPARTURE OF LORD Ileyte IIEYTESBURY. the departure of Lord shury has been arranged for to-morrow ; but it is stated, that in consequence of the receipt of an official communication yesterday, his Excellency is to remain until Monday, the 13th instant, and that an undress levee is to be held at the Castle in the forenoon of that day. RETURN OF TUE EXPERIMENTAL SQUADRON To COVE. The cork Examiner contains the following "CORK, FRIDAY MORNING.—At nine o'clock this" morning, a pilot, who was standing on the cliffs, sud denly announced that the expe , •ted fleet were coming in the harbour ; but it was some time after, even with the aid of glasses, before they could be described by less yrrititi§ed eyes, for though the morning was fine, it was dark, and hazy, particularly out at sea ; but as they quickly neared, under the influence of a strong southerly wind, they rapidly lost their shadowy appearance, and took the shape of goodly men of-war, with every sti:ch of canvass set. The St. Vincent led, closely followed, however, by the Queen ; the remainder, four in number, being her in the wake. All the ships quietly anchored in the man of-war roads, there being no firing, or any bustle on shore, except among the bumbout women, who, rigged out in new flaring toggery, were preparing to supply the fleet with bread, vegetables, &c. It is said here, with what truth I know not, that their stay is to be of considerable duration. There is also another rumour, but one not so generally credited, for they believe the news is too good to be true'—namely, • that the fleet are to be paid off whilst here.' Just as I write, I per ceive two of her Majesty's steamers coming into the harbour." THE IRIS . The Limerick Chronicl e H saysMAGISTRACY :—" We have it from un doubted auth or i ty t h at the following letter was addressed by the Lord Chancellor to W. S. O'Brien, Esq., M.P., on the subject of his accusation against R. E. Phillips, Esq., magistrate of this county : " Minute of the Lord Chancellor upon the complaint against Mr. Phillips, J.P. " I have now before me a full note of the evidence of the witnesses on the trial of the action by M'Cor rnack against Mr. Phillips, with a summary of the Judge's charge. The Learned Judge certifies to me that as the Judge who heard the evidence, and htd an opportunity of observing the demeanour of the wit nesses, he should have found the same verdict had he been a juror in the case. I have attentively perused the evidence now before me, and recousiderod the case, and I do not feel myself ea,144 upon to take any further step in the matter. (Signed) " June 23, 1846.'" THE HARVEST.—FREE 111,04, Nothing could be more ft vonrable than the weather, and the reports of the erc.ps continue to D.fford the pro mise of Abundance, But, nevertb'fiess, prices are not very materially affeeted. Worn is somewhat lower, but butcher's meat anti all other kinds of provisions are enormously high. Old potatoes are ls. 4d. to ls. 6d. per stone, fully treble the ordinary price ; and new po tates art M. to id. per pound ! Bread alone is mode rato in price, and the working people are living upon it, as far as their means enable them to purchase. The Coleraine Chrotikie, a Tory paper, after giving a cheering account of the crops, says:—" We trust that, in the coming winter, we shall have a cheap loaf, and yet care little for Corn Bills or foreign competition." The Limerick Chronicle, another Tory paper, says : " The reduction of 14s, per quarter in the duty upon wheat has had no apparent influence upon millers' and baliers prices in this city. Generally speaking the local prices of corn, flour, and oatmeal are without material reduction. THE ARMY—PRINCE GEORGE c 0,33/BRIDGE. LIMERICK, JULY 4. much concerned to hear that Major-Cienero - - i,:o , rrt Dowries, K.C.8., the Malty es.teems:d commanding offiz;er of this; district, will resign - hn'i official charge here in October next, Major-General Ills 10)(41 Ilighnea Prince George of Cambridge. cAlonel of the lath Lancers, is sh or tly t o b e appoiritq to the staff in Ireland, a n d w ill h o l d a di strict co; , fixing his head -quarters, it is understood, in this garrison. DANGEROUS ILLSESS or SIR AUDREY DE VERE, BART.—The . - Pywich Chronicle says :—" With unaf feeteil min we reco r d t h e d angerous illess of Sir Aubrey de ' Vete, Bart., of Currah Chase, in this county. The surgeon-general posted down from Dublin on Thursday night, and instantly left this with Robert O'Brien, Esq., of Mukair, the devoted son-in-law of Sir Aubrey, and fc - Juucl his patient alarmingly ill from obstruction of the bowels. Sir Philip Crampton returned to Limerick early yesterdu (Friday) morning, with but little hope of Sir Aubrey's recovery, and left soon after en route to the kuetropolis, We regret to learn since that inflamma tion has set in, and the death of the worthy baronet is to be apprehended. Sir Aubrey de Vere early in life studied books and Iwo, in the closet and in the world. Though hit a professed author, those few literary pro ductions he committed to the press fully establish his title to considerable erudition and very elegant taste. Some of his poetry may rank with the best classic pieces in modern English literature. Sir Aubrey de Yore is only son of the late Sir Vere Hunt, who sat in the Irish Parliament, nephew of the late Earl of Limerick, and brother-in-law of Lord Montenlc, His eldest sou is Vere de Vere, Esq., late high sheriff of this county. "' EDWARD B. SUGDEN 4 C. MELANCHOLY AND EAT. L -...--- - LOSS OF A LIEUTENANT AND FIVE SEAMEN OF H.M.S. FLYING FISH, AND THE NURDER OF TWO BRITISH OFFICERS OF H.BI. enevEyrNo VESSEL AVON, Flying Fish, Elmina Chien, Bight of Benin, April 18 On tho lath, we sailed from Whydah for Cape St. Paul ; leaving at the former place the Hydra steamer esterday morning, about eight o'clock, a strange and suspicious-looking vessel was seen from the masthead. She was soon discovered to be a felucca, which removed at once all doubt as to her character ; she was eight or nine miles to windward of us, close hauled. After we had been an hour in chase, the smoke of a steamer was reported, and proved to be the French steamier l'Au strali6 in chase of the same vessel. 'hp felucca tried to keep away, and run between ns and the land, and would, perhaps, have mu:waded, had we not been en abled by our little draught of water, to stand very close into the shore. The slaver seeing thi"., found there was no prospect of escape, for NYC, were pre pared to give her shot and shell. They, therefore, came to the determination of running the craft athore. She accordingly run along the edge o' the surf, which was greater than I have ever seen it, to pick out the most favourabie spot for landing. After- half an hour's suspenao on our part, a dark body was seen on the top of a mighty wave, and then disappeared fbr a moment, in the vale of water. The next we saw of her, was that she was hard and fast on shore, all her masts, yards, and sails standing, not having carried away anything. As soon as she grounded, the crew got down the long lateen yard, un bent the sail, made a bridge of the former, and escaped on shore, taking the sail and their valuables with them ; immediately, as if by magio, she was surrounded by thousands of the natives, who lost no time in beginning the work of pluuder. In order to prevent them, as soon as we gat within range, we gave them tt few shot, which at first dispersed them, but the love of gain overcame their fear. The French steamer also opened firo for the same purpose. Lieutenant St. Leger was sent in the first whaler to take charge of the prize, and endeavour to keep off the people by firing musketry at them. As soon as we came to an anchor, Lieutenant Robins, Messrs. Simpson, midshipman, and Williams, gunner, went in the second whaler, and five Kroomen in the jolly boat, to measure the vessel, and ascertain other particulars concerning her. After several efforts the kroomen managed to get their boat through the surf to the shore, got on hoard, measured her, and prepared to come off to the other boats. They got half the distance when the boat was swamped. The Kroomen, who are like water dogs, managed to savo themselves and their boat. Lieutenant Robins in the second whaler, in some unaccountable manner, got into the surf, and a heavy sea came in and broke over the boat, and sunk her—she was gone in an instant. Simpson and Williams, with two men, after struggling for some time against the sea, reached the shore more dead than alive. Simpson no sooner landed than be was immediately knocked down by a savage with a blow of a billhook on the temple, de priving him of all sensation. The black commenced the work of stripping him ; he did not complete his purpose, as some of our Kroomen came to his release. Lieuten ant Robins, William Rice, seaman, William Kent, gunner's mate, Henry Holmes, captain of foretop, and William Hughes, seaman, the best men in the ship, were drowned. Our poor messmate was washed upon the sands and immediately stripped of everything. As soon as this was seen from the ship, the master, who was left in charge of the Flying Fish, sent the cutter to aid St. Leger in giving every assistance, and although within a few boat lengths of the victims of mistaken philanthropy, were not able to render the least assistance, so great was the surf. One of the Kroomen dashed through the sea and managed to rescue the body of Lieutenant Robins and put it into the jolly-boat. He and the others then endeavoured once_ more to get the boat through the surf; twice were they upset, and as often washed on shore again--'-at last they succeeded. Robins was immediately brought on board, and although there were no hopes, every means to re store animation were resorted to, but, alas, without suc cess, Thus have perished five of our well-conduoted crew. None of the other bodies have been picked up. Those who managed to get on shall ) &ttk,, set to work with what strength they had, to make a raft of the planks composing the slave deck of the felucca] it is wonderful how they escaped the sharks, Simpson and Williams are doing very well, and will soon be able to return to their duties, \\T, de not know the name of the slaver; as we 4 , 0 going to Quitta, we may perhaps hear, She measures 92 feet in length, 20 feet beam, and t feet depth of hold; her masts short; sails and yards of moderate size; she is quits new evidently; it is her first and last trip for any purpose, as she is now quite a confused mass of timbers. By to. morrow she will have disappeared. This is the first slaver de stroyed by an English and French vessel nutii)r the new treaty. QuITTA, lt?.—To.day we have buried our late MP4d Qa ate, Robins, in the Danish fort at this place. The Governor behaved in the kindest and most attentive manner, furnishing us with every thing necessary. On the funeral procession entering the fort a salute of seven guns was fired as a mark of respect to the deceased. The funeral service was read by one of the officers. APRIL 20.—T0-day we have fallen in with the Ma tilda, a palm-oil vessel ; she has on board the master of the Avon, surveying steamer, he is invalided. A m ost sad accident has h a pp ene d on board the Avon, Messrs. Pennington ;knci Winstanley, second masters, and assist• unt-surveyors, were ou shwa surveying the Remora river, when trey were attacked by the natives and killed for the sake of the instruments. Caain Denham is now left with only on e assistant to:get through his work. .9 - ilti 14 r- The Flying fish was at Lagos on the 28th of April-eirt ' es_ well on board -., • z s„, s tl i i i t t ., .... , ,e ::: ---- - • - THE TRADE OF THE BLACK. SEAIr-- ,- • 1 • :f . • r. -4 ?'" :,..\ .., r , ,,,,,, , -- , L ..:, tts (From the Semaphore de Marseilles. f (7 ':• :- r" - --._____ : _,:-..,''' ' 4 The treaty of Kainardji, concluded between. Rajsej4:--- - :=3- and Turkey towards the close of the - last . centucl s ' . gi rg-kt opened to Europeans the navigation of the " Mira' ""-A-LV Sea, from which they had been excluded during upwards of three hundred years. On the 21st of July, 1774, the prohibition to enter the Bosphorus was raised, and our vessels were -at last permitted to penetrate into that sea which no European had navi gated since the expulsion of the Genoese, who remained masters until the 15th century of the principal harbours of the Crimea. The Empress Catherine 11. cast her eyes with corn • placency on a country which, after six consecutive campaigns, had been at last united to her extensive do minions, and she resolved to found on its shores a number of commercial and military establishments. One of the largest rivers of Russia, the Dnieper, empties itself into the Black Sea ; her attention was directed to it, and, in 1778, General Hannibal laid, by her orders, the foundation of the town of Kherson. In 1783, a French man, who was recompensed by the grant of letters of nobility, established there the first commercial house, and undertook to supply the arsenal of Toulon with the flax and timber which descended the Dnieper. The partition of Poland gave a new direction to the commercial ideas of Catherine 11. She perceived the necessity of possessing more to the westward, on the coast of the Black Sea, a harbour for the exportation of the agricultural productions of the palatinates of Bruslaw,, Podolia, Wolhynia, and other provinces recently incor porated with the Russian empire. She accordingly determined on the foundation of Odessa, IN hick took place in 1796. The fault committed at Kherson, the development of which was arrested by the exigencies of the Russian system of Customs, was avoided at Odessa by the Emperor Alexander. In 1803 that prince reduced by one fourth the import and export duties established by the general tariff in all the harbours of the Black Sea. In 1804 he decreed the opening at Odessa of an entrepOt for goods irsoorted by sea, the introduction of which was per-• mitted in Russia, and where they were permitted to re main during eighteen months without having any Qua torn duties or storcage, until they should be sold, and on the point of being forwarded to the interior of the em pire. This favour was the more important, as the duties being considerable, the merchants in order to satisfy the deraand must have parted with a large portion of their eapital, By an ukase of the same year (March 5), it was pro vided that all foreign goods the importation of which was permitted at Odessa, and those transported thither from other towns of Russia, should be allowed to pass. in tro4seta, free of all charge, for Moldavia and Walla chia, through the Custom-offices of Mohilew and Don bassaa; for Austria, through that of Radzilow ; for :Russia, throrigh that of Kezinsky ; and that foreign goods sent to Odessa by those four Custom•offices should enjoy a. free transit by sea. Those liberal institutions, dictated by an eminently enlightened spirit,contributed greatly to the prosperity of Odessa, which soon attracted the atten tion of the commercial world. Odessa became, under tt i e wise administration of the Duke de Richelieu, one oi the most flourishing cities of Eastern Europe. At the sam e time that a Fren c h man could justly claim the honour of being the real founder of that city, anotk e r Frenchman. M. d'Anthoin e , of Marseilles, directedby his example and writings the attention of his countrymen to the im, portance atilt) extensive t:.-ade of which that city was beooming the centre. .ti . griculture, throughout Europe, having suffered was the 'Luring the wars of the empire, Odessa, granary of the coun t r i es where scarcity pre vailed., But the spirit of wisdom which had produced that state of prosperity did not long preside over the councils of Russia. Beguiled by the fortune of Odessa, she sacri ficed it to a desire to increase the receipts of her cus toms. She imprudently adopted the prohibitive system, the consequences of which are ever fatal, and laboured with as much ardour to destroy the commercial pros perity of Southern Russia as she had displayed to create it. In 1822, when it was least expected, an ukase suppressed the freedom of the harbour of Odessa, and compelled the merchants to pay import du ties on all the goods in the stores. Such a cry of alarm, however, was raised, that the Emperor Alexander re ! stored the freedom, but not to the extent it was origi nally enjoyed. The goods, on importation, were sub, jetted to pay one-fifth of the duty required in other Russian harbours, and on their removal to the interior the four other fifths. The limits of the free harbour were also considerably curtailed; two lines of customs were formed, one round the harbour, and the other round the city. Those lines still exist to the present day. Many other deplorable blows were levelled at the corn coerce of Odessa. The freedom of the Caucasian provinces was suddenly withdrawn, and the merchants, of Western Asia, who were beginning to visit Odessa, on their wayto the great fairs of Germany, proceeded thither by another route. England, ever ready toavail herself of circumstances, took advantage of the faults of Russia, opened commercial relations with Trehizonde and her merchants, stopping at no sacrifice, formed there an immense entrepot, whence they soon exported the productions of their manufac tures to all the provinces of Asia, The trade of Tre bizonde now exceeds 50,000,000 f. (2,000,0001.), and it communicates with Constantinople by two regular linea of steam- packets. The agricultural importance of Southern Russia is suoh, that if the Government wished sincerely to adopt a course of reform, it would soon restore matters to their former footing, and give a new impulse to a trade which was paralysed by insane measures. In Southern Russia everything concurs in rendering the productions of the soil as cheap as possible, so that they can everywhere victoriously compete with those of other countries. The land is extremely fertile, labour costs very little, and the price of cattle is low. The means of communicatissa unfortunately have been totally neglected, for whi'els reason the price of corn, far from diminishing ; constantly increases, and the merchants abstain from purchasing any, except in times of scarcity. The wheat received at Odessa from Keshia, Wolhyma, Utidolia, and Bessarabia, is conveyed thither in chariots drawn by oxen. These journeys are long, for the convoys cannot travel more than twenty miles per day; and they are expensive, for the carriage of a chet wart, or two hectolitres, of wheat costs from four to six roubles. Moreover, this mode of conveyance can only be used from the month of May to the month of Septem ber, owing to the bad state of the roads during the seven other months of the year. It results from this circum , stance that wheat, however cheap it may be in the above provinces, sells at Odessa at a comparatively high rate, and foreign speculators do not derive from that trade a sufficient profit to compensate them for the length of the voyage to the Black Sea, the outlay of capital, and the enormous expenses occasioned by the quarantines to which several of those productions are liable. It being difficult, on account of the nature of the soil and the want of stones, to establish solid roads through that part of Russia, the Government should devote itself to the improvement of the navigation of the rivers Pruth, Dniester, and Dnieper. Unfortunately, nothing in Russia is properly followed up, and the works under takers to facilitate the navigation of these rivers have hitherto proved unavailable. The price of corn, for all these reasons, has constantly increased. In 1841 the merchants were only able to offer the captains 2i franca per load for Marseilles, and it is with difficulty the latter can realise a trifling profit when they receive four. Southern Russia is now threatened, in the Black Sea, by a competition, becoming daily more formidable.. Thanks to the freedom and privileges they have derived from the treaty of Adrianople, the Danubian principa lities have within the last ten years made immense pro gress. Galatz and Ibraila now ship a considerable. quantity of grain to foreign countries, and, notvrithstand ing the difficulty of ascending the Danube, the captains prefer repairing to those harbours, on account of the, facilities afforded by their administration, and the com mercial resources offered to importation. In 1839 e Mar seilles purchased at Ga w la h t i z ls a t nd th l e br q a u t an a upwards of 4,0 00 d yhectolitres 9f wheat, Odessa did not exceed 8,000. The trade of Southern Russia is consequently yet ) , f ar , from prospering. In 1839, the most productive year, the customs duties produced in all only 8,215,421. roubles. The different harbours, sit . laate along an ex tent of coast of upwards of 40Q leagues, and the three land Custom-offices, exportoil, on an average, only from 45,000,000 to 55,000,0 n, and imported about one-third of that sum ' • whilst the single harbour of Trebizond sends annually to the different adjoining countries up wards of 50,000,000 worth of En glish faults into which In noticing the manufactures. the Russian Govern ment has fallen by following the fatal inspirations of the Minister of Finance, Cankrin, we merely desired to. give an additional proof of the dangerous results arising to a great empire from the adoption of the prohibitive s y s tem, which invariably drains the sources of industry, which it professes to render more abundant. THE MAILS.—SouTuAmPToN, JULY 7. The Ori mita }chartered ship Duke of Cornwall, Captain Mills, arrived at the Motherbank at four o'clock, A. 24., and landed the Bombay mails of the Ist of June, which were forwarded to London by the nine o'clock train. The mails were for warded frum Alexandria to Malta by the Iberia. The Corn wall left Malta June 25,, and Gibraltar Ist of July. She has a very full cargo of goats' wool, silks, &c. ; also 104 pas sengers, principally soldiers, their wives and children. The Achilles goes into dock to-morrow to undergo repairs pre vious to her leavingfor Constantinople and Trebizonde on the 3d of August. The Oriental Company's new ship Ariel takes out the Indian and China mails on the 20th inst. The Gib raltar packet left to-day with the mails and 17 passengers. The passengers by the Duke of Cornwall are expected to be released from quarantine to-morrow. The Royal West India mail packet Thames, Captain Haste, .will be ready for sea on the 17th to take out the West India mails. Colonel Sir William Robert Clayton, Bart., has left town for Buckingham, to attend the assizes as High Sheriff, ELECTRIC TELEGRAPIL—Instances are constantly occurring which demonstrate the utility of the electric telegraphs. On Friday last a gentleman with his family went to the station at Nottingham, and took tickets for the half-past four o'clock train ; he offered in payment a 5/. Brighton bank note, which Mr. Pettifer, a most active and intelligent assistant to the station-master, at first felt a little hesitation in taking, on account of the bank being distant from Nottingham ; but at length h e t oo k it, and. being in haste, as many persons were waiting for tickets, he gave the gentleman 1/. 7s. 6d. in change, instead of 7s. Id. In half an hour after the train had started he discovered the mistake he had made, and instantly telegraphed to Derby, requesting they would by telegraph inform the station-master at Rugby of what had occurred. This direction was attended to, and in three minutes after the arrival of the train at Rugby, which was due there at five minutes to seven, the news had reached Nottingham that the sovereign had been received by Mr. Pigou at Rugby, and it was returned to Nottingham the next morning. Lord and Lady Charles Wellesley sustained a genre bereavement yesterday by thuieath of the r eldest SI.. g._ atiol l DO 1 1/ ' 1N on, 00, rortbi.l by 1). o f 101 j a d 19