The Sun. — London, England, 1823-10-25 00:00:00

SPAIN. (SUPPLUXIENT to El Restouradtar of the 18t/ Oct., liitributed votes in Madrid.) TIBI.RILSENTATTOM OP TM' CITY OF CORUNN* AGAINST CHAMBERS ) AND IN FAVOUR OP TEL HOLY TRIBUNAL OF TUE INQUISITION. " The Ayuntamiento of: the most noble and most loyal city of Corunna, the capital of the kingdom of Galicia, with a voice in Cortes, now stOdress your Serene Highnesses, to.inake known their own sentiment and the sentiments of their'. habitasits of the town which they represent. Wore than three years of oppression, and all the, ctuel vexations experienced during the siege the. Aims) has sustained, were incapable of stifling, or , even lessening their love for their religionand their King. During the latter days of the siege, l the peaceable inhabitants were exposed to every kind of insult from the rebels. Exorbitant exactions—excessive 'labour on the fortifications —'-and, finally, a multitude or . assassinations, are ttrebenefits conferred by the malignants ; but these acts only rendered them greater objects of abhorrence, without at all changing the sena , ments of the Corunnians. It was surely by a miracle that this...city. at length recovered its liberty on the 21st day, having lost it on another Est. Without doubt it was the pleasure of God Almighty, that those chains Which were imposed the anarchic faction on- the 21st of February should be broken on the .21st of August. But Ave , now breathe freely ; and to secure peace and traoquillity, It is only requisite that the measures necessary for exterminating the ominous sects, and which prudence and the , general welfare dictate, should be immediately adopted. " Vain would be all that has been done, if, be cause the- "Ting.leaders of the mischief are put down by'she armies of the Most Chriitian Louis XVII Losofear were to be entertained fo r their far ther progress ; but as they never cease to conspire, it is necessary to take proper precautions. Proud and stiif.necked, they evert now return scorn for the benignity' with which they have been treated ;' read their audacity gives reason to apprehend that, they nee meditating tire means of again involving , us in ciSil war. Their hopes are founded on this" ?rind of Government which they openly preteed is to be established, and which being in its as. tore very much like that just destroyed, they will find in it liberty, the inevitable cause (Amur misfortunes. Therefore this Ayuntamiento hut ten to unite their voice to that of the magistracies efio many other towns of Spainiin order to ma nifest their fidelity to the august captive Sove ulgo,:a.n&to,oppose every ,innovatiou, since by innovations we have suffered so much. " The rebels being compelled to, ha silent re specting their:Jecobin Code, still endeavoured to bold up 'that kind of Government for which one of the Secret Societies has .greatly laboured during this fatal period—that is to say, a Govern ment of . Charehers. Thus they mean to eesl;r re us anew : tor that Government, being similar to the one destroyed, they will in the end make it the same... Thi. - y would cover • themselves with the will of the nation; but that has been well demonstrated. 'What did not the inhabitants of the towns of Spain do, when the liberating army entered? They were all eager to prestint.them skives before it, and to receive it with the joy of captives relieved from dungeons ; and their ex pressions were• no other than these—' Live gion I Live the King I and Live the Laws of our Fathers I"rhese enchanting words succeeded to.the 'highly seditious, which the perfidious men eitployed during the period of their domination ; and these words clearly prove that. the Spanish people have no other wish than the: preservation of their holy religion, the sovereignty of their Lord Don Ferdinand VII., and the wise institu tions of their ancestors. Those who publish the contrary are not ignorant of this, since to convince them of it, it is, sufficient to refer. to the almost innumerable representations On the same subject troth the towns of Spain to your Serene nigh- Ho des. " Not only is the wish, hut the character and the habits of the Spanish nation are also opposed to such a Government. The seditious still have arms in their heeds in various parts, which they will have to surrender ou your orders ; but their secret labours will last longer than their power, since they have long been accustomed to ohey those persons whom they consider authorised to do every thing by the disorganizing principle of the sovereignty of the people. %There never %sill be an end to parties—hatreds will eterncily exist, and Spanish blood will again be shed by lipaniards, if there again be permitted the liberty f public discussion in au assetrj)ly whence such incendiary maxiriii flow, and iinstead of com pletely casting down the4ride of those whoseek for our ruin, a new field shall be opened for their isitrigoes. " The habits 4 itit'd the inclinations, of the Spa nish people are in complete opposition to any Government of this kind. Content to obey the paternal regulations of their kin g s and lords, they never wish to make laws, and we assert that it would be to pervert them from their nature to compel them to the contrarkpractice. The people would become the speffl/of the rebels, , who, governing their popular eJections as the) have already done, would without doubt labour' directly to destroy the altar and the throne. The Spaniards who propose chambers are evidently enemies of both the altar and the throne ; for in general they are the very souse men who shed the blood of the Ministers of Heaven, and plun der its churches, What! is it possible that those anarchists, those infamous demagogues, those per fidious men who have so often attempted the life of their Sovereign, can remain unpunished, and he allowed to mock upright and loyal Spaniards G-od forbid 1 ,Corruption has penetrated every glass to such a degree, that it is certain there would be parties in both chambers; and we, perhaps, should not be long in seeing some ma lignant deputy who would dare to say, 4 that the intention of those whoconstructed the Jacobin code was nothing else than to teach the_Spanish people to behold with indifference a mosque erected by the side of a church. Here the'freedom of Ctn. toms and libertinism would be conapletely sants• tioneti, 'but that is what would be above all things most ithocking to the. Spanish character. The teal of Spaniards' "for 'the Catholic religio has been so fully demonstrated, that it is impos sible to doubt it for a moment ; their blood has flowed to preserve It, and they will shed the last drop of it rather than allow themselves to be de rived of so invaluable a blessing--a danger to which they would be exposed by a Government with Chambers, in consequence of seductive speeches. Let us repress, then, and,,if neces sary, exterminate men who are so pertinacious; and, to avoid the contagion, let us re-establish the institutions which experience has proved to be the best calculated for the preservation of " The Ayuntamiento "have thus come to the religious part of their representation. Nothing is so'fit to render men contented as the regula tion of their conscience, and accordingly the ob servance df the law of Jesus Christ Is the best means of teaching ohedienCe, to all those which emanate from the supreme civil power, respect to every authority, and the fulfilment of all social duties. Preserve, then, in all its purity, the Holy Catholic religion, by eradicating errors, end teaching its true principles. Tl,O first of these great objects will be obtained by re.esta 'Wishing the holy tribunal of the Jnquisition, and that, and nothing but that, is capable of producing such salutary effects. The experience of more than three ages hui fully demonstrated that Spain, by, maintaining that impregnable bulwark in her be-, sow, maintained her adored religion, unstained by the frightful tints of heresy, and at the same time kept herself free from the wars that desolated other countries. The Inquisition by placing a strong wall bet wean heresy and Spein, prevented the country, from suffering injury, because hilt the depositary of its faith was preserved pure. Besides, that holy tribunal is what the impious most fear ; against it, their envenomed pens have been employed during the threeyears of libertinism; but its very shadow dismays them, and consequently it is impossible not to perceive that it is of all things the best calculated for exterminating errors. All the de-' demations of the malignants 'against so holy an institution deserve no attention, since the snarl.' aces which they pretend to have been made of innocent persons, exist only in their imaginations, and, were even all they assert granted, on a com parison with other tribunals oar Holy Inquisition would be found to have the advantage. But this is not the place for n dissertation oti that point. It is sufficient for the Ayunterniento to point .to the reasons which induce them to solicit the re-' establishment of that bulwark of religion. " The errors which have been introduced, once exterminated, it then will be necessary to con sider how future generations may be imbued with religious and truly patriotic maxims, since thus will be raised up meet decidedly lovers of their religion anti their king. Education entest there fore'be Intrusted to the most zealous and spot less teachers, since, on the first elements of in struction depends the future happiness of Wl vitivals and nations. The innovating philoso- Ores were we'll convinced of this truth ; and under that conviction, one of the most distin guished among them declared that it was intik prniable for them to get an nscendaucy over the minds of youth. On that account they exerted themselves to overthrow that establish ment which throughout nearly all Catholic Europe Ives intrusted with the important duty of instruction—namely, the Society -of Je sus. It is well known what reproaches and sar casms were vomited against that order on Its ex tinction, and on the expulsion of its members from different countries. But it is precisely since that retype►ctable body was extinguished, that there has been a rapid diffusion of the ideas hostile to the altar and the throne, which at length caused the convulsions which we have witnessed. The most effectual remedy must then, be that which opposes the greatest obstacle to innovators in propagating their not►ons. Accordingly, to re store the.desuits, and confide to them the instruc tiou of youth, would be to give a final blow to that ill-oenene►d sect, which has inflicted-eo much evil upon us. " Deign, then, to attend to the representation of the itiltabitants of this city represented by its Ayuntamiento. Do not permit any kind of limo tation of our Government, nor suffer our beloved Sovereign to he deprived of any of the preroga tives sworn to him by the kingdom, on his ascend ing the throne. Re-establish the Holy Tribunal of the .Faith, that the impious may be struck dumb and put to flight, and return no more to propagate their pernicious principles. consign the education of youth to the Society of Jesus, to perfmm that duty in the same ma►ineer as before its extinction, in order that our tran quillity may thus be lasting. _ " Please to receive the tribute of the most cor dial demonstrations of the respect of this Ayun tumento, nho never, cease to pray that the Al mighty %Oil speedily deliver our beloved Sove reign from his captivity, and preserve for many years the lives of your Highnesses, of which the - . ID lion link lio much need. - " Gaturnm, in the Ayuntitiniento, Setitember 10,4023. ,Signed by) " ANDRES DE CASIIIO, Perpetual Aleade. " And the other Members of the Ayuntarniento." MELANCISOLY ACCIDENT. ---The only son of the. Honourable Colonel lityrr.En, brother of the Earl of CARRICK was unfortunately drowned neat Ceneta, in Switzerland, at a beautiful eampagme called La Prairie, where the Co lonel Was residing for the benefit of the health of his Lady. The . young Gentleman was in tds eighth year, and remarkable for his beauty and amiable disposition. The affliction of his pa rents can be more easily conceived than ex pressed. Immediately after the funeral sera runny, which was performed by the her. GEO. 116055,., and attended by Mr. DILUMMOND Dar.4e, and all the Englizh Gentlemen residing near Geneva, the disconsolate father and mo. thcr.set out for England. THE NORTHERN EXPEDITION. [From the Litera7 Gazette of this day.] The rrturn of the hxpedition under the com mand of Captain PAnny from the voyage to discovers North west Passage is an event of so much public interest, that the readers of the Literary Gazette will, we trust, not only excuse our devoting a considerable portion of our earliest succeeding Journal to an account of ;its proceedings, but 'will feel that we have done our duty towards them, in using strenuous exertions to gather from every authentic quarter the leading particulars of this narrative. On the 10th instant, the Fury and Hecla arrived at Lerwick, in Shetland, and were received with demonstrations of such welcome as was due to onr gallant countrymen on their safe arrival from so perilous an undertaking, and after so long an absence, during which no true tidings concerning them had reached their native land. The town was illuminated, and the navigators were entertained in the most hospitable manner.— Leaving Lerwick, the vessels made the northern coast of Eng land on Thursday the 16th, where Captain Parry, Lieutenant Iloppner, and the Rev. 31r. Fisher (the chaplain and astrono mer to the Expedition) were landed, and immediately set oil for London, which they reached on Saturday morning. Mean while the ships sailed for the River, anti on Tuesday afternoon anchored in the Galleons, about three miles below Woolwich. On Wednesday, at noon, they again sailed, anti in a couple of hours were moored off the dockyard at Deptford, amid the cheers of hundreds, who lined the shore as they passed along to their destination. On their way up the river, they were boarded by several per sons of note, and by many kind and anxious friends, whose meetings with their respective relations and persons dear to them, formed a scene altogether of the most interesting descrip tion. Here was Sweethearts and Wives far better acted than even at the Haymarket, and the representation produced a MUCh more striking effect. The recognitions, the inquiries, the groupings, and the various expressions of voice, countenance, and gesture, were at once highly entertaining and affecting, and we can truly say that we never witnessed a sight which afforded us greater pleasure. The sides were ascended and the decks almost crowded by the curious who were fortunate enough to have the privilege of visiting the ships, and by those connect- . ed with the crews. In one part might be seen an honest Tar embracing his partner with a heartiness which did credit to a tedious absence, and was certainly without example in the whole history of Eaquimaux fellowship—the only human in tercourse enjoyed (if it may be so called) during two years and a half. In another direction the cooking apparatus was speedily put in requisition, and fresh . provisions and vegetables had Justice done to them, as luxuries of no common cast. Here were strangers examining the canoes, large animal specimens, and other rarities brought from the Arctic regions; and in the long.boats, slung upon the deck of each vessel, were six or eight of those wolf-looking dogs which are so important to the natives, howling and fighting like wild beasts of the most sa vage nature. We mention these circumstances, not as of any consequence to the voyage, but its forming a spectacle of so singular and interesting a character that we only wish our graphic powers were more adequate to its description. On ar riving at Deptford, most of the officers hastened ashore, and from itn intimacy with some of them we have collected the fol.. lowing Digest, for whose irregulatities and want of proper order, the haste in which it is thrown together must be our apology. The outward voyage in 1821 was fair and prosperous. Pass ing up Iludeon's Straits, th e na vi gators k e pt n e ar the land on their South, and explored the coast towards Repulse Bay. The I farthest \Vest which they attained was 86° of longitude, and the highest latitude only 69° 48' N. ; and they finally brought up for winter quarters at a small isle which they named Winter Island, in 02 Wl' W. longitude, and latitude 06" 11' N. By inspecting the common maps, it will he seen that they are very faulty in laying down both land and water in this direction ; though the later and best charts are son-lei/hat more correct. The glebe and chart-makers, however, will have very little trouble in laying down the discoveries made in the present voyage. The chief part of the summer of 11121 was occupied in examining Repulse Day, and some inlets to the east ward of it, through some one or other of which they hoped to find a passage into the Pdlar Sea. In this they were disappointed, ?or all the openings proved to be only deep inlets, which ran into the continent of America.— While thus occupied, early in October the sea began to freeze ; and on the Bth of that month the ships were laid up for the winter, in the situation noted above. Here at Winter Island, the expedition was frozen up from the Bth of October 1021 to the 2tl of July 1022. 'rue vessels were within two or three hundred paces of each other; and occupations and amusements, similar to those practised in the preceeding voy age, were resorted to. We are informed, however, that the Plays did not go offs° well; nor were the ships' companies al together so harmoniously social ies on the fornier occasion. The necessity of maintaining discipline, and other causes, to which we need not allude, stood in the way of this Perfect accord and satisfaction. • One of the principal events which we have to notice in this period was the beneficial effects produced by the system of heating the ships with currents of warm air. These were di rected to every requisite part by tear's of metallic tubes, and so well did the contrivance answer its- purpose, that the lowest temperature experienced during the winter was MI degrees below zero: In the second winter it was ten degrees lower, viz. forty five degrees below zero; bet this was not near so difficult to endure, nor so inconvenient as the cold in Capt. Parry's first voyage, nor indeed, if we are rightly instructed, as that felt in the northern stations of the Hudson flay traders on the Ama. rican Continent: ....... The provision cases, wo understand, did not turn out so will ; for, though the meats were preserved fresh, they were found to be very insipid on constant usa, and the men got •s tired of them as they generally do of salt provisions. From the quantum of boiling needed in these preparations, the nu tritive juices are extracted, and the taste so reduced, that it is not easy to tell veal from beef. They, however, (like French cookery done to rags), made a change, and were so far accept able. _ Fish were caught, and formed another more welcome variety. These were chiefly a small salmon of about 7 or Gibs. weight, of which abort 300 were taken ; time Coal-fish, and the Alpine Trout, which latter was found in a fresh-water stream on an island to the westward of Whiter Island. This river, accord. ing to the native accounts, flowed from a lake whence also an. other river ran into the sea on the' other side ; that is to say, One stream flowed in a south-easterly tlirection towards Hud son's Bay, and the other in a south-westerly course towards, (perhaps) the Polar Sea. The small fish known by the name of the Miller's Thumb, was also in great abundance, and the sea swarmed with Molesea.; but we shall enumerate the na tural productions more particularly hereafter. Nothing occurred, during the first part of the winter, deserv ing of any particular notice; - btu one morning, in the begin ning of I; ebruary, our people were. by the appearance of strange limns upon the snow.plain in their vicinity, and of persons running to and fro. This was a tribe of abou t fifty I.lt'isquimaux, who ware erecting their snow-huts, and taking up their residence at a short distant;: from the vessels. At first it was hoped that this might be Captain Franklin's Ex pedition, but the hope quickly vanished ; and the Settlers were found to be one of those wandering hordes which rotten along the shore in search of food, and make their habitations wherever it can be obtained in sufficient quantity. The great dependence of these people upon the produce of the sea for their sustenance, necessarily confines their migrations to the coasts, and, except hastily travelling across land in any journey occasionally, it may be presumed (tont their habits that they never establish themselves ten miles from the water's edge. Thus we infer, that all the interior parts are totally mi. inhabited. The intercourse of the voyagers with their new and singular neighbours, of them much and much wanted amusement during the remainder of the winter ; as, never seeing Europeans beflere, their manners and customs were quite original. The snow began to melt about the 'beginning of and put an end to their intimacy. In the seasonofllll22, the vessels having steered along the coast to the North, penetrated only to the long. of 1.12° SW, and ,I lat. 130° 40' ; and tarter exploring several inlets, &c. in their brief cruise, they were finally moored fur their second winter, about a mile , apart, in fl° 34' West long. and Ist. 69° 21' North. Here, close to another small isle, they remained from the 24th of September 11122 to the 801 of last August. They had latterly entered a strait leading to the westward. From the accounts of the Esquimaux and their own observations, they had eve ry reason to believe that thi s strait separated all th e l an d to t h e northward from the conti nent of America. After getting about fifteen miles within the entrance of it, however, they were stopped by the ice, but • from that persuasion that they were in time right channel for getting to the westward, they remained there for nearly a month, in they were again quit e di sappo i nte d, and on time 19th of Sep. expectation that tim e I ce wou ld b rea k up. In this last h o p e tember the sea having begun to freeze, they left these straits, and laid the ship s u p i n w i nter quar t e rs near the arnall island alluded to, and called by the ElqUitllaUX Igloolik. From these dat a i t i s evident flint the Expedition has failed in its leading obj ects , i n s h ort, an y annual whale-ship might the ed former meeprpeve6iy:ei voyages. ,Tfiel '!'he magnetic (no n lights can be do as much as it has been able, with its perseverance, to ac complish ; raised by thrown by it upon the great questions of science pp w le hic w h as w t e u r ) e t crossed; and it is curious to state, tia4 all the electrical appear. antes, lights, halos, meteors, Stec. were zeen. t° t he south. In natural history the ac q ui s i t i ons are very scanty,. We have on our table tw e nty- e i g h t b otan i ca l s pecimens, dwarf willow, saxifrage, grasses, moues, Ste. which nearly comprehend the stunted vegetable world of these northern latitudes. One new we -e-.010, been added to gull has, h that class; but, generally speaking, hardly any novelty has been ascertained, or remark able discovery made, in ornithology, piscology, botany, or other branch of science. In the second winter a more numerous tribe of the Emili a-max, about 150, and including the visitors of the proceeding year, settled neer the ships, and were in daily intercourse with them. We shall here throw together what we have learned re specting this people. They are represented as being peaceable and good-natured : not stupid, but not eminent for feeling or intelligence. The first tribe lived together on terries of "perfect liberty and equality; in the second there was an Angekok or conjuror, who excercised a certain degree of- influence and authority.— There are no signs of the worship of a Supreme Being among them, and they do not appear to have a perfect ideaof ONE; nor have they apparently any religious rites at marriages or burials. An Esquimaux bespeaks his wife while she is yet a child, and when she is of marriageable age is broughthome to him, and there is a feast on the occasion. Their funerals are equally simple : if in winter, the corpse is merely covered over with snow ; if in summer, a shallow trench is dug, where it is deposited, and two or three flat stones at top complete the rude sepulchre.— They are careful not to.allow any stones or weighty matter to rest on the body; and seem to think that even after death it may be sensible to the oppression. They appeared to have some crude notions of a future state; but all their ideas on these matters were so blended with superstition, that they hard ly deserve to be mentioned. Two wives were possessed by several of the natives, and one is almost always much younger than the other : yet the to partners seemed to live on very good terms with one another. The children rarely appear to bemore than two, three, or four, in a family ; though six grown up brothers and sisters were met with. They live to a good age: Many were above sixty years old, and in one case the great grandmother of a child of 7 or 8 years was a healthy old woman at the head of four generations. The stature of the males is about the average of five feet, 4,5, or 6 inches ; and none ex ceeded 5 feet 10 inches. Their colour is a dirty-looking yellowish white, and their proportions by no means robust. We.havc mentioned the appearance of their snow-houses when first seen : they are' curiously shaped and constructed re sembling three immense bee hives grouped together, and enter ed by one long passage by all the three families to whom these yield an abode. A trefoil affords a tolerable idea of them. They are about 9 feet in diameter, and 7 or 8 feet in height. The passage is about 20 feet in length, and so low that you must creep along nearly on all-fours, in order to reach the hut. This is ingeniously intended to exc lude the cold air, which it does effectually, though widened in parts for lodging the dogs belonging to the several households, and which are stationed in the last sort of anti-chamber, before the entrances turn off to the right and left for the two nearest huts. The huts themselves are entirely made of square blocks of solid snow, with a larger key block at the top of the rotunda. The window is a piece of flat transparent ice. Round th e interior runs a seat of the sainematerial as the walls, upon which the skins of animals are thrown fo r seats and bells. Beds are also made of a plant on the floor (sec farther on). The houses are without any artificial warmth, ex cept whet is produced by a sort of oil lamp, in which they used pieces of dry moss for wicks, also hereafter described. In the winter of 1822-3. native dwellings or huts constructed of bone were also seen. The Esquimatix often eat flesh in a raw state; but it is sometimes cooked, and the women almost inva riably submit their food to that process. The utensils are un common, though simple. They consist of two vessels of stone ; generally the pot-stone or lapis.ollaris ' also used in parts of Germany for the same purpose. Th e lower vessel a good deal resembles an English kitchen ash shovels the up per one a trough, of a wide co ffi n form. In th e first, which is filled with oil, a number of moss wicks float, and are lighted for the fuel. The oil is gradually supplied from strings of fat hung up above the flames, the heat of which melts them into so many reservoirs of grease. In the second utensil, placed over the fire thus made, the meat is stewed. The natives are filthy in their eating, and hardly reject any thing, from the blubber of whale to the flesh of wolf. When hungry, they devoured the carcasses of ten or a dozen of the latter. which were killed by our seamen. Their food, indeed, consisted chiefly of seal and wolves flesh ; but notwithstanding this, they appeared to be perfectly contented, nay, even happy. Their dresses were made entirely of skins, chiefly those.ef the rein-deer. The lapis-ollaris is originally so soft that it may be cut into form with a knife; and when It is not to be found, an extraor dinary substitute is manufactured into pots and pans. This is a cement composed of dogs' hair, seals' blood, and a particu lar clay, which soon becomes as hard as stone, and bears the effects both of oil and fire below and moisture and stewing above. In the beginning of their intercourse, the Esquimaux were somewhat reserved, and shy of communicating their opinions; but as their reserve wore off; they divulged a number of inte resting particulars. The women, especially, were less secret than the men, who (we may here state by the by) had no hesi tation in bartering their wives and daughters with the sailors, at first for so poor a bribe as a nail or two or three leads, and at last for the price of a paltry knife. These females are not, is true, the most lovely objects in nature. Their features are disagreeable, and they have long and harsh, but exceedingly black. hair. We have been shown a map drawn by one of them, (a remarkable instance of intel ' ligence), in which she represents two islands to the north of the second winter's position of the ships, and others in different di ' reetions, giving rather sonorous names to them all. The nearest on the north is several days' jottrney across, and the roaming of the Esquintaux tribes is confined to these islands, as they never venture upon the continent. Every family has a sledge, and generally five or six dogs, with which they travel with great ease and hunt. They say that their race originally sprung from a beneficent female Spirit; a nd th a t f rom anot h er wicked female Spirit are descended the other three creatures who inhabit the earth, namely, the Itkati, or Indians, the Cablunce, or Europeans ; and (after long hesitation before they would express it) the Dvt which they drive! The Itkali they abhor and speak of as murderers, who never spare their tribes. Of the Cablume they had only heard by report, never having seen a European till they encountered those in the Fury and Ilecla ; but it is clear from their classing them with the Indians and Dogs, that they have no very exalted idea of their virtues. With their own appellation of Esquirnaux they are not acquainted, hut call themselves Enuee. The other name is understood to be a term of reproach, meaning " Eaters of raw flesh." From the above it appears that they entertain a belief in cer. thin spirits or superior beings; but their notions concerning them are extremely rude and vague. This was displayed by the Angekok or Conjuror, of whom we have sp o k en . Th is greet man was, after much entreaty, prevailed upon to exhibit his supernatural powers in the Captain's cabin of one of the ships. He was accompanied by his wife, and began his ope rations by having every glimpse of external light carefully excluded. Still the fire emitted a glimmering, and this was covered with a thick mat ; so that at length all was utter darkness. The Angekok then stripped himself naked, and lay down upon the floor , and pretended th a t he was going to th e l ower regions where the spirits dwell. Hie incantations consisted of hardly articulate sounds, not ap pearing; to have any meaning attached to them, but to be the muttering and whining of strange syllables. He also practised a kind of ventriloquism ; and modulated his voice so as to give it the effect of nearness and greater distance, in the depths to which he wished it to be believed he had descended. This farce had lasted about twenty minutes ; and on the re-admis sion of light, the actor gave an account of his adventures, and of what the spirits had told him. As a proof of the truth of his facts and the reality of his colloquies, he produced several stripes of fur which one of the spirits had fastened on the back of his skin-coat since he went down—which, indeed, his wife had been busily stitching on during the dark performance. V et , by such fables an d i mpostures h e maintained his sway over his ignorant countrymen, who implicitly credited his inventions and powers. The latter were consequently invoked upon all important occasions. Thns, for example, when they became scarce, or rather when the evil genius took away from the waters and the earth to her caverns beneath, the animals which con stitute the principal food of the Enuee„ our Angekok was em ployed to bring them back again. This he accomplished, agreeable to his own story, by the following means ; lie call ed to his assistance Torngak, his Familiar and a friendly spirit, in company with whom he journeyed to the realms below to combat with the Evil (l en i us . Wi th this aid, and by his own address, lie vanquished the enemy, and forced her to submi t to his decrees. li e th en cut off the lower joints of her four fingers, and immediately the bears were released, and found their way to the upper regions. Ills next operation was to cut off the second joints, by . which the seals were liberated.: Thu excision of the upper Joints performed a like service for the walruses ; and finally, by amputating the hand, the whales were freed to revisit the shores of the Esquimaux. To sub. stantfate theitruth of this grand exploit, the bloody knife with which the deed had been done, is produced, and the re. appearance of the hears, seals, walruses, and whales, infallibly follows. An immense value is set upon the testimonies of euperna. tural intimacy ; thus the An ge k o k d ec l ared that he would not exchange the spirit's gifts, one of the stripes of fur, for any thing that could . be oared to him ; and it was with much (lif_ ficult) that Captain Parry did prevail upon him to barter ono for some highly coveted article, nor would he part with any more. Front the length of time during which the natives were daily with them, our people were enabled to pick up a rattier copious vocabulary of their language. Some of the journals contain front five hundred ton larger number of words. Their knowledge of figures is very hinted—five and ten being their most obvious enumeration. When they wish to express the former, one hand is held up • the latter, of course, r equ ir es both : but when the sum exceeds that number, the gspitnaux ' calls on a neighbour to help him out, by hording up one or two hands as the occasion requires. One of our friends related si whimsical anecdote connected with this sort of dumb-show. He was conversing with a native alone, who wanted to make the large and unusual sign of thirty. Ile accordingly held np both hands, and was then sadly puzzled how to go farther. It never occurred to him to break off sad repeat the signal in any way ; but at length he happily struck upon ten more by getting the officer to raise his digital'. Here were twenty; but the ten to be added was the grand pons eeinorurn of Esquimaux numerals ! The difficulty seemed inimperable, but again his Fettles befriended the calculator; he held up one of his feet,—twenty-five I What was to Le done ? like one of the wise men of Gotham, our clever native tried to hold up the other foot at the same time, and his efforts to have all his limbs simultaneously in the air were the most ludicrous - that can be imagined. But it could not be Managed ; and it was not without an immensity of trouble that the proposed number was finally expressed by the four hands and one foot each of the conversing parties. Other characteristic traits of these simple people may be told in this place. The wives of two of thorn, one with a baby tuck ling (which nutriment they supply for severe] years,) were taken on board the vessels "for medical treatment, both being in the last stages of disease. It was indeed too. late to save them ; and they died. The husband of the mother evinced some distress, and howled a little when she expired ; but very soon seemed to forget his loss. Yet he attended very sedulously to the proceedings of the Cablunte. They enveloped the body decently, as is done with sailors, in a hammock; and dug a grave for its reception. •To this it was borne, accompanied by the husband, who manifested much uneasiness. At last he made himself understood that he was afflicted by the confine ment of the corpse. Having obtained a knife, he was per mitted to gratify his own feelings, and he cut all the stitches which held the hammock together down the front, so as to give a kind of liberty to the dead form. The covering in of the grave with earth and stones scented also to give him pain ; but he asked leave to bury the living child with its dead mother. The reason assigned for this horrid proposal was, that being a female no woman would take the trouble to nurse it, as that was never done among them. If it had been a boy, perhaps some one might have adopted and reared it. In fact, the infant, without suste na n ce , did di e on t h e ensu i ng day, and was placed at the dispos a l o f it s p arent , w h o d rew i t sway in his sledge to a short distance, a nd ra i se d a sma ll mound of snow over its lifeless corpse. It is curious to remark, that while they dislike the idea of hurting the dead by putting any thing heavy upon them, they feel no regret at the consequence of their own insufficient mode of sepulture—the dragging of the bodies front their slight snow. tombs to be torn to pieces and devoured by dogs and wolves, as was frequently witnessed by our men, who, when the spring dissolved the snow, had to dig graves for the mutilated remains of several of the native corpses thus exposed to view. There was a considerable mortality amongst them ; no fewer than le, old and young, dying within the few mon t h s th e y spent near the Expedition in its second winter. In the management of the canoe, ...he Esquimaux are very expert. They are amazingly light, and formed of skin over whale-bone. The largest which Captain P. obtained is 26 feet in length, and we observed another, between decks in the Heels, which is 19 feet long and only 19 inches in width, half of which are in the depth. In these the Native pursues his marine chase, and spears tbe , fish and fowl. The spear is double-pointed with bone, about six or seven inches in length, and barbed. The shaft is of very light wood, five or six feet long, and below the handle, or part by which, it is thrown, are three other barbed bones, standing out a few inches front the wood, and calculated to strike the prey, should the bi-forked point miss. They kill at twenty yard; distance. The bow and arrow is also employed in killing game and wild animals. The arrows are pointed with stone, smoothed into a lance-head shape by friction against other stones. - A method of catching seals (and, if we remember correctly, fish also,) through a hole in the ice, is one of the moat dexte roux of Eaquimaux contrivances : A line is let down, at the end of which is fastened a small piece of white bone or tooth, above an inch long, cut into a rude fish-form, and having two morsels of pyrites stuck into it to resemble eyes. This bait is drawn through the water, and when seals or other prey approach to examine it, the watchful native spears them from above. The knives used by the women are curiously constructed, and as cleverly employed in skinning animals and carving vic tuals as the instruments of hunting are by the men. They resemble a small cheese or saddlery knife ; the iron or cutting part being semi-circtelar, and inserted in a bone handle. The whole is three or four inches long, and the edge three or four inches in breadth. With these they carve away underhand in a very dexterous style. Spectacles are another of the'r articles, which struck lus at curious and well-contriv e d. Th ey cons i st of a piece of wood scraped thin, like a bandage, and perforated with two 'narrow horizontal silts, something like pig's eyes. where we would have glasses; a rim about an inch broad projects in the same direction as that .6f a hat would; and this simple niechaticele process, tied about the head, protects the eyes from the drift ing snow and spiculse, and improves the sharpness of the sight, Having already stated the longitudes, letitudes, and periods of sailing and wi n t er i ng , we s h all not it necessary to go much into the details of the Expedition, which has, in fact, neither added much to geography, nor been abl e to ex pl ore farther than was don e by Middleton and preceding nail.- gators. The last year seems to h ave b een so unpro d uct i ve, that the ships might as well have returned home in the Autumn of 11122 ; but it is not the character of British seamen to desist while the slightest prospect of success can be entertained. Our own opinion is, that there may be many openings into the Polar Sea, and that probably the best. after all, is in Lancaster Sound, and where Capt. Ross showed the way, but did net pursue it. Certainly the Course taken upon pectations form e d, or to prom i se any advantages results for the present occasio n d oes not appear to have answered the ex future attempts, should such be persevered in. The Inlet where the second winter was spent, presented a solid mass of everlasting icy. It is about ten miles in breadth its length (orcourse, not h av i ng b een traversed) uncertain. The ebb tide is from the South-west, anti the flood from South east; small channels run through it, but not wide enough to work a ship. While they lay here, and indeed during the voyage, the vessels do not sewn to have encountered much dan ger from the ice; at any rate they have pitched and painted them in coming home, so as to make them look fresh and well in the Thames. About the bows we noticed some rather harsh gras. ing, and the bolt-heads sticking out a few inches from the wood. In one instance, we were informed, a field of ice coming down at the rate of about two miles an hour, almost lifted the Ueda out of the water, and snapped five of the strongest cablee and ropes by which she was moored. The absence of the sun was experienced for about a month. In June (the 9th) the first flower was seen : a small but richly coloured blue of the Saxifrage genus. To beguile the tedious time, our countrymen occasionally lived in tents on shore, and hunted, shot, and fished, for the general consumption. Rein-deer were sometimes killed; the carcass of the largest weighed (without offal) 1501bs. Theta were very acceptable to the ships' companies; hut their fresh provisions were not always so dainty as venison. The hearts, livers, anti kidneys of whal e s an d wa l russcs (brought by th; Esquimaux) were not irreconcileable to European palates; and, many a hearty meal was made on these, not very delicate, dishes. According to the report of the natives, there were rein-deer on the large island towards the north. No musk oxen were seen in any part ; and from the same authority it was gathered that they only appeared to the westward of the longitude to which the Expedition penetr a t e d. Of birds there were prodigious numbers, but their flesh was of a fishy and unpleasant taste : it was made nevertheless to serve at times, to vary the Arctic cuisine. Gardening was another expedient for occupylug the tirne, and supplying the table. Alustard and cress wer e gr e en as on the preceding voy age , an d served out to the men in considerable • quantities, to the gr ea t b enef i t of their health. rtidetd, the looks of the crews bear testimony to thei r care f u l treatment i n t hi s respect ; fo r we never saw a set of more healthy ditioned fellows set out on, still less return from, a long see trip. 'their loss, as has been mentioned in the newspapers, amounted to five into in the two years and a half. The tintt two died in the Fury within twenty-four hours of each other, in 1822, the one of internal inflammation, and the other of consumption of long standing. They were consigned to one grave ; and a tumulus of stones placed over their bones: their names and well-con tic. being engraved on one of the largest. Soon after wards, a sailor of the Ueda fell from the mast, and dislocated the passag e home. W e remember his person on sailing. He his neck. B e di ed on the spot. Last Spring, another sailor died of dysentery in the same s hi p ; and about six weeks ago, Mr. Fyffe, t h e master, fell a victim to the scurvy. while Oil f It does not rum the ships, overland, was performed by Lieuteniannitindodpiprnecetir°ltal-ndlii‘ was a stout, florid, trod -looking seaman; and we believe a apron that any far excursions were attempted native of Northumber and. command, in consequence of n ews brought by the Esquimau% Lats, whither no one could that two ships had been wrecked last year (1822 five da ys' journey to the north-east, where the wrecks still )," al• I he d remain truth of this report was confirmed and iron, in their esseeasiorermcask-heads, by the staves, had gone away in They represented that the m e w l. : min who the sufferers were lAeu out, accompanied by the natives Iloppner and party as uides; but, after travel ling a few days, the latter declared they no would proceed fur ther. They pointed to the would be found, andtoldline • in which they said the guile theiraseoerates they might go witbeet them ; but the risk of fhllo er ng this counsel was WO greats and the Europeans returned, after a fruitless In thaw journeys, and their march. continual migrations , value r itlice)4l.lcr..thYieTufli:)ditnseheiYi •.✓' I ;;.e. ; k