The Sun. — London, England, 1846-01-03 00:00:00

........ow n. and fine. ari•ndon, • fight, and 3alcutta; , Africa j :o; Jane tidrevai , k, Mary nia, Jan- Sundsr ff. nights lderland: the her • led. a WYater •d, which and left eons, & c., aampton , expecte om Dub" ma) has , and ea' Havre to is; three go saved. sore near ightened. Liverpool r part of ch. The damage 5 of and nside th• , and will d off into y gale at I, of and t in here he north- ell, from ,oads last ;nage. tson, was ing a Vio - rd. Com- I auritius; Montreal , :o ; B. C. I. Cloud, ; Pallack , Calcutta; runswick. leetwood , n. Sailed ny, leaky, runswick. , Renfree, Island. ;t. PeteZs' , ry leakY' rkbr Venice :sed to be reeked at landed at 'rum Yar is evening since last shipping a shore on f at high 3anied by e been 00 a wreck. REAT Morning Bove nay arise accident , left York .Ik, A. 3 1 ., was de' erturnieg the on° engineer' h Great bet wee o o test the A. This wing car" id at halP In arroof peed was en aboa who was scillating Igine W e agaio9l igeswer e .rued one i shivered the fro' er buffed carriage. Irs, m oss the poet opposite t the sty whatever earry the i le Gran' ire of the Russist Gazelle has 011 ►ng tb g t he rown int°, wards 01 no truth obser/V ) the ill' undatiom enceforth shop pro' jlish coo' t though / bishop to He s ll ' gn a pa rC ippressel receive;` Nlajesty ° conven° to educe' establis h ri inten t; olish iree hair id awe' were St ill festiVglit orning t 4 SaiZba r S fire.en' y of th e I 50011 e day Abe tters the nto 0 5 „ e mornitt , vas n et '0 and th e ablisbe u ' 0 4 )zen iver W i r 'he nazi, 's long er ft Papal' 1d g° 11 ,., 1 iglitbo li 'l l ' • ifbl e • I%• .. j fire, it t i t led, 1v1 ". and c a t' ll t 1 of PI fze, a bovi Lishels g, xere c ° ,;l pear P" ?on') "- 0 . st of y fi r ° l ,o; Apifr nust P o re wilo th have t bl Ln geuo j e of n ec t iety. t en mf t e 'd :es Igo— C ON T Ll't ERATI, HE. ii RI N I I 1 f-! 31 IA G --A Ll?f ) Y. loin.ildf'es 1,9 B. D !reeds, .11.1' 3 l'ut l‘ir. Di , raeli h as b et n greatly celebrated during. the last few years for his brilliant and satirical speeches if, the tiou , e, n;d his admirable delineations ofmod ern society. The eew generation look to him with eonthh - nce. H e no t on ly thi n k s deeply', but !Peaks boldly : the first to denounce a narrow pre • J u dice, the f oremost to support a righteous cause entireoly diff er i ng f rom hi m i n political htio.ugh tnns, at le ast i n w h at regar d s t h e outwar d f arm, w Cordially agree with the principles he advocates, guise of and regard him as a real reformer. The flim-y dis guise hypocritepolitical dishonesty, the empty subterfuge of w anerin- , while „, give way before the breath of his i n _ find § sarcasm, the wronged and the suffer ,Kl in him a powerful friend. His pen is ever ' f e , 4l ,Y in their cause, and speaks the language of a ee mix heart. Such are the qualities w hich have gained him the approbation of the multitude, such the r alit ies which h ave excite d t h e enm i ty o f th e f ew . It i s in a very different character he apears in the Works now before us. These were p written many Y ars of 1. 1, e back, an d are now republished for the b enefit the itnew generation. Here we scarcely recognise a 131111 "sopher e n d p o li t i c i an so muc h as the p oe t. T o writ!, the story of C o ntarini Fleming was a hold and or iginal author's object undertaking, but it was successful. The was not to chronicle the adventures of i a .,1 1 ordinary being, is o h i ,to indite a common biography ; ze ; " was to poultray the rise and progress of `, --rl 'us, to develop the formation of a poet. It is not record e'en. of event s an d acc id en t s , b u t a hist o ry of `44) and thoughts, and passions. 1 , T he n o bl est StUfly o f man ki n d i s man ." Vtile It ost glorious subject of contemplation is the p oet mind— an d w h at m i n d can compare t o a w vie I t's? Ah, what a combination is presented to our • a lU b i w i hat b urn i ng d es i re f or f ame — w h a t high d °ll---what thrilling hope, and gloomy, hesitating 0 - f °llb ts•-•what bri g ht h ours o f i ns pi ra ti on —what days )23' and nights of sorrow ! Now raised to the , tO 4l ,P t eminence o f bli ss f u l a nticipation—now sunk Qv:4'e lowest depth of despair ! The creature of d e ' retn es, feeling joy and sorrow in the uttermost p . _ r i ee s - and love, the most ennobling of all human ;8 how pure ' and holy is the love of a poet ? a r t e h ni the gorgeous realms of imagination he brings len e ,, °u , s i and unknown charms " to clothe with excel s No- the thing beloved ;" he paints her beauty with he ors borrowed from the heaven of his fancy ; his uow s m ecstacy , before his idol's shrine— T o anlighty spirit yie'ds a passionate adoration. under elioeate such emotions Contarini Fleming was ar e f till ten ; it was a daring task, but its intentions the ulfilled. It is, indeed, written con (more, with the ea d. 0f one who comprehends his subject, with feer tru t e nn , " of one who has himself experienced the situ l a i? s he describes. Fortune placed Contarini in a Re l i ct , ° ,.a well calculated to develop genius. Nursed yearnedyearnedtheof f?r his mother's lovely land, the beautiful ah oy,. '4,, ignorant of a mother' s love, so dear to all, 810 w -i all to the children of genius, with a heart e on ng with fond affection, he found few to love, and lon e ) e t° comprehend him. We sympathise with the iet er Yr rrows of the friendless child, we follow with ev e , e l' his career at school and college, we see him of- the creature of extremes—now the gayest of the ofYil.the leader of mirth and folly, gaining the hearts a m ' s , comrades by his lively, ardent temper—now g e ll en l ng Greek twelve hours a day, " and winning a phi i medal amidst " classic cheer:, th Tophy of "Voltai-e, and flying from the world to —learning the of depths of a lonely forest to be the leader of a band Lerehbers. His strange education thus concluded, ce o l : e : tu rns to hi s h ome an d enters pu bli c lif e . He d e ,"gos his wild poetic effusions to the flame', and est er himself t o p o li t i cs w ith a ll th e ar d ou r of hi s i s C r e• His father filling the post of Minister, he herutroduced to the Government under his auspices; tiene, he waits awhile, versed in all mysteries of poli ei intrigue, regarded as a promising statesman. ut th e . ' se e _ ruling passion of his life is strong, and again pour t! its influence ; he flies to solitude ; there he of ls recent 3 torth the feelings o f hi s h ear t i n a bitt er sa ti r e 4 ,`1 companions—his ministerial colleagues i.: not forgotten. " Manstein" is published without life a uthor's n ame ; i t exc i tes i mmediate and universal li t k enti " ll . In describing this portion of his hero's li e 1 4r. Disraeli seems to have anticipated the pub itftrinn of his own " Coningsby," some thirteen years novel rwards The excitement which that celebrated 7 , occasioned finds a counterpart in the history of e s 'anstein " When Contarini mingled with the gay f - „V, he 'heard all around exclaations like the t c 'wing Have you read ' Manstein?' Ah, you I' 3t get it directly. The oddest book that ever was :ritten. We are all in it, we are all in it ! There lif th e Baron de Bragnaes—he is really hit off to the itie-;--very satirical—very odd—very personal—all ever i t get it—very witty—very flippant— fttidYveb°dY is reading it. It is full of imagination, i o i ,. rY personal, very personal, indeed ; we are a . ll .. eun discovered to _ ‘. You are there ! The name of the author is 'l;aotnfded by enemies ; , and Contarini finds himself sur this troubles him little ; he cares itarefr the smiles of the world. There is one thing he 4,4137_, however ; it is thus powerfully described : eppettreedettseo months after the publication of `Manstein,' t i e north' new number of the great critical journal of i ' s `,/' notn i' r Europe• One of the works reviewed was "Jended-rf°'i? Product . ion. I tore open the leaves with a t t lel iibe ee ` n g of desire and fear, which I can yet re- I% ' 'eh prepared for the worst. I felt that such (leeideceienscms, however impossible it was to deny the me idea b gebi us of the work, and however eager they tam it ,Ltev,hall the advent of an original mind, I felt lIP P r "e Of the reasonable and just that they should dis knaiewhat ',"la temper of the less elevated portions, and eXalto. uisinite the moral tendency of the more 4 Wit w h at sup what horror, with what blank despair, with r th eni e , appalling astonishment, did I find myself, lea; e first me in l'f a subject of the most reek- I was most EnalimnYa l t, e 'and the most adroit ridicule. in stench to de see s 'earified, I malignant, scalped. . They scarcely con ., Passi n 'tnPered notice my dreadful satire, except . , to remark g' t hat, by the by, I appeared to be as ill se cret all as I was ieibecile. But, with all my eloquence, -e eret f my fa neY, and all the strong expression of my laegh.dee"gs,these ushers of the court of Apollo fairly kern 1" err Parnassus, and held me up to pubic mingled' exhibiting exhibiting the most lamentable instance of P B Pecnn e rete nsion and wea k ness , an d t h e most l u di crous oral. _ nof li terary del us i on t h at i t h a d ever b een t h eir 4, WY ° Tee tO ; castigate, and, as they hoped, to cure. ~,ftr-Liznye vcp.tieisin fell from my hand. A film floated c 't he art isi°ll ; my knees trembled. I felt that sickness 1,..._ 3 that we experience in our first serious scrape. ridiculous. 7,4„..,. It was time to die. ali• h _'Yt,l!tt did it signify? What was authorship to me? kge ::aid I care for their flimsy fame—l, who not yet of mi g h t 's an important functionary of the State, and who 111,73: l ook to its highest confidence and honours? It v,r re ally too ludicrous. I tried to laugh. I did smile iff y b itterly. The insolence of these fellows ! Why! 10 ,2 0 u1d not write, surely I was not a f oo l . I had done tr ay thing. Nobody thought me a fool. On the con piil, , everybody thought me a rather extraordinary . Pl. What would they think now? . I felt a qualm. th o i + buried my face in my hands , I summoned 3 , into my very m- s ou t l i ghts to their last struggle, I penetrated a stes I and I f e l t t h e conv i ct i on that literary creation was 444 sary to my existence, and that for it I was formed. &g t , fl ail the beautiful and dazzling forms, that had tbrienedin my youthful visions, rose up before me, h monarchs, and radiant heroes, and women the y ter than day; but their looks were mournful, and i f "._ extended their arms with deprecating anguish, as lii4'-e'ehetreat me not to desert them. And, in the mag the wor e a r my emotions and the beauty of my visions, atThaetlii Y sarcasms that had lately so shaken me seemed \Vi e ti l: of another and a lower existence; and I mar lesa4dt' f°r a moment, this thin transient cloud could and / il. ea the sunshine of my soul. And I arose, a e_ e 1 . ted up my i,un . r, " d y _to heaven, arm and waved it like a Rreatest of " spit e of all "ore by the Nature that I adored, that, Sheiusldn respo.nd auc'Peosition, I would be an author, ay! the to th e ma ; . thors, and that far climes and distant ages ,L et this painted to cof my sympathetic page." t"i% Proud spirit b the very lif e ?—the agony of and new d(lrio us °wed down even to thedust, . _:vi gtxtr, energy of conscious intellect rising with Iv , w i li , resolved to dare and conquer all ! But leav not ti lov e d hi m to see 'ger with the young Contarini, we county'l4 the sunny shores of Italy, the be te hi hearty ofh. le s , on , ~1 8 dreams—to find the ideal mistress ave hi u , , feel the ecstasy of a poet's love. We th eme . and turn to "Alro " This is a very different it eon , written in another Y. lt is the history of •,,,, e reror Like or style. . perfect picture n„,, Li e old th e " Contarini, it is a , ;"' e eive th e „gradual development of character—we high- the k"tference of each separate part, yet re llgh-spiet unit Y of the whole. Alroy is a daring, ) 4v • I e t id Youth des 1 d from the royal line of fre ed Yet ho e • , cen( e soul burns for L ern, h is nin captivity. His . ~ ~Iss country ardent spirit pants for the liberation of 8 1 ori es of T ni_ en, for the restoration of the ancient r et . devo u t ' e eloped it The love of conquest is not ellev er that it is the holy spirit of a patriot, and a se fty, his aatanitna tea his breast. His genius finds a Oticluerergirnmugl achieves the glory ! Behold him a ''.B Power --no e land of his captivity ! Bagdad is in lo)olit the v ,. tiger h w is the time to march to Jerusalem, n ot ' ' r P r evails I tasted blood, the lust of pomp and .na g .,, ad _ , why should he go to Jerusalem ? Is f ( cis a c„ u 's great and glorious ? He stays and aithio n ra at B ac , d , o inks .-- : Y related , ad . All this is beautifully and 1 ,, e into th e ; the gradual decline as the hero Y, and conqueror is true to nature; we admire, „ grief, we comprehend. Hie better' bri ght, and th e geni glorious was his young career." settin g of I _l lB exerts her influence at the close, have had man ms sun is glorious as its dawn. We Historye nf the Y oo histories of conquests, but this is the Cl:tatiul th an conqueror. Yet the style is even more _ a Cloth in all the e tale, a story of the East, it is T nee, our tra . gurgeous splendour of Oriental ro • tam e • h our nstations of the " Arabian Nights" are a nd thj °lllPariSOn • hut then he r 48 lh Original. 1 The , zt moti ons i 0 style is solemn, musical, and re ig ua ,, e _ n :t , of the descriptions are in the flowery b Rt hi' lin. I , l t. tsh. r_ast, in. slow, melodious measure, mar the Tr'Larn Qnpi, ft it of i true poetry. If any could Y san occasional rhyme, but hap- eira. nzas. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY MORNING, JANUARY 3, 1846 , W hitehall-place, has been avointed the second clerk at the Webtminster Court, Mr. A. Taylor, the bro , i , tr of the uew chief. having, with a sense of delicacy highly creditable to him, been removed (on his own application) to the Southwark Court. FRIDA NIGHT'S GAZETTE. MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, JAN. 2, 1846. The Queen Dowa-4er has been pleased to appoint the Hon. Mary Seymour to be one of her Majesty's Maids of Honour. The Queen Dowager has been pleased to appoint Lieute nant Robert Beilfiird, R.N., to be her Majesty's Gentleman Usher in Residence. OFFICE OF THE MASTER OF THE HORSE TO HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN DOWAGER, JAN. 2. The Queen Dowager has been pleased to appoint Lieut.- General Sir A. F. Barnard, G.C.B. and G.C.H., Colonel Commandant of the Rifle Brigade, to be her Majesty's Clerk Marshal. The Queen Dowager has been pleased to appoint the fol lowing gentlemen to be her Majesty's Equerries:— Lieut.-Col. W. H. Cornwall, of the Coldstream Guards. Capt A. J. Taylor, of the Royal Horse Artillery, Cant. E. A. Somerset, of the Rifle Brigade. WHITEHALL, DEC. 30, 1845. The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Sea!, constituting and appointing the Right Hon. Edward Granville Ea-I St. Germans to the office of her Majesty's Postmaster General. DOWNING-STREET, DEC. 30. The Queen has been pleased to appoint Martin West Esq., to be Lieutenant-Governor of the district of Natal, in South Africa. Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Henry Cloete, Esq., to be Recorder for the district of Natal. Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Donald Moodie, Esq., to be Secretary to Government for the district of Natal. Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Ilougham Hudson, sen., Esq., to Civil Commissioner and Resident Magistrate of Albany, in the settlement of the Cape of Good Hope. Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Hougham Hudson, jun., Esq., to be Secretary to the Lieutenant Gover nor of the Eastern districts of the settlement of the Cape of Goad Hope. Her Majesty has also been pleased to appoint Charles Bell, Esq., to be Assistant Surveyor-General for the settlement of the Cape of Good Hope. Her Majesty has further been pleased to appoint S. P. Fairbanks, Esq., to be her Majesty's Treasurer f or the pro vince of Nova Scotia. Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Dorsetshire. Sir W. C. Medlycott, Bart., to be Deputy Lieutenant, Dec. 27. Commissions by the Lord. Lieutenant of Oxfordshire. The bight Hon. A. Viscount Valentia to be Deputy Lieutenant; G. A. F. Viscount Villiers to be Deputy Lieu tenant : Charles Lane, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant ; J. H. Ashhurst, Esq., to be ditto; L. Pickering, Esq., to be ditto; 11. Baskerville, Esq., to be ditto; M. Ricardo, Esq., to be ditto ; H. W. Dashwood, Esq , to be ditto, Dec. 29. Commission by the Lord-Lieutenant of Wigtown. R. V. Agnew, Esq., to be Deputy-Lieutenant, Dec. 20. Commissions by the Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire. First. Regiment of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Militia— R. P. Dawson, Gent., to be Lieutenant, vice Attwood, de ceased, Dec. 27; J. F. Slegg, Gent., to be Lieutenant, vice Borrow, deceased, Dec. 31. WHITEHALL, DEC. 29. The Right Honourable Sir Nicolas Conyngham Tindal, Knt., Lord Chief Justice of ~ er Majesty's Court of Common Pleas, has appoi, ted Thomas Yarrall Johnson Daily, of Arundel, in the county of Sussex, Gent., to be on - . of the Perpetual Commissioners for taking the acknowledgments of deeds to be executed by married women, under the Act passed for the abolition of fines and recovc ries, and for the substitution of more simple modes of assurance, in and for the county of Sussex. WHITEHALL, DEC. 24. The Right Hon. Sir Nickles Conyngham Tindal, Knt., Lord Chief Justice of her Majesty's Court of Common Pleas, has appointed James Winter, of the city of Norwich, Gent., to be one of the Perpetual Commissioners for taking the ac knowledgments of deeds to be executed by married women, under the Act passed for the abolition of fines and recoveries, and for the substitution of more simple modes of assurance, in and for the city of Norwich, and county of the same city, also in and for the county of Notfolk. BANKRUPTS. James Coe, money scrivener, Sise-lane, Bucklersbury, to surrender, Jan. 15, at half-past one, and Feb 20, at t we l ve , at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Idesinghall-street ; Buchanan, Basingliall-street. Edward Ee,ile, bookseller, Chancery-lane, Jan. 13, a half- past twelve, and Feb. 20, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee; Shaw, Furnival's Inn, Holborn. George Seagrave Neale, innkeeper, Portsea, Hants, Jan. 13, at one, and Feb. 13, at twelve, at the Court of Yank ruptcy. Pennell, official assignee ; Low, Chancery-lane ; Low, Portsea. Daniel William Lucas, hemp dealer, Mark-lane, City, Jan. 14, at two, and Feb. 13, at eleven, at the ourt of Bankruptcy. Edwards, official assignee, Frederick's-place, Old Jewry; 13 , h0n Merriman, and Dunning, Austin-friars. Henry La Jenne, maltster, St. Alban's, January 14, at half-past one, and Feb. 11, at one, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Bell. official assignee, Coleman-street buildings; Laurance and Flews, Bucklersbury. Robert Headington, laceman, Bath, Jan. 16, at twelve, and Feb. 10, at eleven, at the Liverp. of District Court. Dloruan, official assignee ; Liverpool; Chester and Co., Staple Inn; London ; Tyrer, Liverpool. Charles Barber, calico printer, Brindle, Lancashire, Jan. 13, and Feb. 10, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court ; Pott, official assignee, Manchester; Chisholme, flail, and Gibson, Lincoln's Inn-fields; Gibson, Manchester. Thomas Carey Williard Pierce, merchant. Manchester, Jan. 15, at eleven, and Feb. 5, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Hobson, official assignee, Manchester; Abbott, Charlotte-street, Bedford-square; Atkinson and Saunders, Manchester. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. THE BROAD AND NARROW GAUGE ENGINES. -EXPERIMENTS FOR TESTING THEIR TRACTIVE CAPACITIES. YORE.. WEDNESDAY NIGHT.—The experiments, unr!er the Commission, were resumed here this morning. The experiments yesterday with the 50-tons trains were con sidered so inconclusive, in consequence of the high wind which prevailed, that it was determined to repeat them to-day. The hour appointed for leaving the station vras nine o'clock. The train left at 9h. 2m. 10s., accompa tiled by Professor Barlow, Professor Airey, Mr. Watson, Mr. Brunel, Mr. Saunders, Mr. Gooch, Mr. Bidder, Mr. Wyndham Harding, Mr. Berkley, Mr. Cabry, and about adi zen other gentlemen. The day was a fav , ur able one. There was alight breeze to the north, an the rails were in a very fair condition. Contrary to the prac tice observed in the experimental trips upon the Great ‘N , estern Railway. the train did not stop at the first mile post, and commence its experimental trip from a state of rest. Instead of doing this, it passed the post at the rate of about eight miles per hour. The following is the working o f t h e t ra i n f or t h e 43 m il es , t h a t i s mea suring from the first mile-post out of the York station to the mile -post on the York side of the Darlington station:— Passed Ist Mile-post a Time each mile in Seconds. ... 120 DEATHS AMONG THE AlliS- TOCRACY. 1 The number of Peers who havw di c , ..1 in the course of the year 1845 is larger than usual, the number having been in 1843, 20 ; in 1844, 19 ; %%Ink this year it has arnotinvd to 28, viz., four Marquises—Sligo, Wesrmin st,.r, Downshire, and Ely ; thirteen Earls—St. Germans, Effingham, Morningt,n, Rainey, Eg - r, 113 , .11t (ixticct), Abergarenny, StamcOrd and Warring,ton, Dtrinior,, Grey, Spenc,r, Verulam, Belmore, and Portarlington ; one Viscount—Canterbury ; and ten Barons—Aston (extinct), Wynford. Carbery, Harris, Seaford (inherited by Baron Howard de Walden), Bateman, Montagu (ex tinct), Hartland (extinct), Stuart de Rothesay (extinct), • and Wharncliffe. Their resp-ctive ages were as follow : Earl of Dunmore .. ...... 41 Eart of Verulam • 70 Earl of Belmore ...... . ... 44 Baron Hartland Earl of A bergavenny 55 Baron Seaford 74 Marquis of Downshire ... sti Baron Aston Marquis of Siigo 57 Marquis of Ely Earl of Egremont ...... .. 58 Earl of Effingham ...... Earl Spencer ............ C 8 B ron WynfOrd Baron Harris Earl of Portarlington Baron Bateman ............ C 5 Earl of Stamfordand W ar - Viscount Canterbury... 66 rington. Baron Stuart de Rothesay 67 Baron Carbery Earl of Romney 67 Earl Grey Bl Baron Montagu Baron Wharncliffe ......... 6'.i Thus averagH The number of each rani last three years was : In 1843 Duk es, 3 ; Viscounts, 2 ; Barons, 8 —ti extinct or merged into other ng 68 years. who have died during the Marquis 1 ; Earls, 8 ; Aal, 20 ; of which Lecame peeraps, 6. In 1844—Duke, 1 ; Marquises, 2 ; Earls, 6 ; Viscounts, 2 ; Barons, I—total, 19 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 3. In 1845—Marquises, 4 ; Earls, 13 ; Viscount, 1 ; Baroni, 10—t 'tat, 27 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 6. Totals—Dukes, 4; Marquises, 7 ; Earls, 27; Viscounts, 5 ; Barons, 24—total, 66 ; of which became extinct or merged into other peerages, 15. The number of Baronets deceased in 1845 is twenty. one, namely—Sirs J. Colt, C. Mackenzie, I. G.Cottcrell, T. F. Buxton, 11. Oakley, J. Isham, 11. J. Tichborne. G. 11. W. Beaumont, W. S. Wiseman, A: R. Dillon, J. E. Honywood, F. Freeling, E. Barry, J. Mordaunt, W. W. Pepys (inherited by Lord Cottenham), C. Rowley, M. J. Tierney, W. Foulis, W. Reid, L. Jones, and J. Chetwode. In 1844 the number was 29, and in 1843, 31. The time occupied in performing the distance 3 ester day was 1 hour 13 minutes 53 seconds, or at the rate of something less than 35 miles per hour. It will be seen that to-day the same distance was accomplished in 53 minutes 28 seconds, or at rather less than 48 miles per hour, the maximum speed (between the sth and 6th mile post") being nearly 55 miles per hour. The wino of yesterday may therefore be considered to have offered a resistance equal to above 13 miles per hour. The return train with the 50 tons left Darlington station at 11h. 21in. Os., and passe d the first mile-post at 11h. 22tn. 18s. Thu following is the working of the engine : h. m. s. Passed Ist Nile-post at 11 22 18 „, The following Members of the House of Commons have alo vacated their s , ,ats by death during the last year—lion. Otway Cave, county of Tipperary ; Colonel Rush brooke, West Suffolk ; Si: W. W. Follett, Exeter ; Joseph Somes, Dartmouth ; Alexander Murray, Kirk cudbrightshire ; Benjamin Wood, Southwark ; Colonel E. B. Give, Hereford; Peter Grsenall, Wigan; Sir John Mordaunt, South Warwickshire ; John Ramsbottom, Windsor ; and John Irving, county of Antrim. ... 160 ... 90 ... 85 ... 96 .. 83 pill these are few and far between. Amid these poetic beau: ies, these magnificent descriptions, ever and anon we find some sudden startling passage, some senti ment of wisdom and philosophy, which bids us to lay aside the hook and think ; these exsmples are nume rous. Perhaps one of the most striking is the foLow ing :—" W,• make our fortunes, and we call them late." In, these passagrs we recognise the genius that con cei‘ ed " Sidowa." It is needless to say more regard ing these volumes - ; those who -have not read them may look torward to the perusal with pleasure, and those who know them will be glad to read them again. The first volume contains a portrait of the author, from a likeness by Chalon. It was evidently taken some years back, and represents him " Still fresh with the brightness of youth." As such it forms a fitting accompaniment to a work (to use the tp-autiful language of Contarini) written " while the dewy freshness of youthful fancy still lin gered on hit mind." THE STUDENT'S HELP. By Guido So,elii Since the first confusion of tongues, innumerable system have been advanced to facilitate the acquire ment of different languages. Some have proposed tuition orally, some tuition by books, some tuititn by means of tables arranged in a peculiar and mathe matical order. In the present little brochure, its author endeavours to aid all students in Italian and French literature by a method of very ingenious sim plicity. The plan, which is entirely his own, is no:hing more than the introduction of three parallel columns of letterpress in each page—first, Italian, then English, then French. By this arrangement the mode of learning to translate from either is lett entirely to the option of the teacher, who may at one time, by concealing the original text, require his pupils to give a literal version from one or other of the foreign dialects, or at another pr,iceed upon the opposite principle. In the development of this novel system Guido Sorelli has selected the largest portions of Genesis, Leviticus, Deuteronomy, &c., as specimens of the manner in which the three languages should be placed in juxtaposition; and if the publication be not precisely adapted for the generality of scholars, it is deserving of notice from its feasibility as well as its eccentricity. Whether it would not have materially improved this rather unpretending work if its com piler had expunged the metrical lessons at the end, is possibly a matter of opinion; but we must em phatically protest against such extravagant vagaries of verse as that in which Guido Sorelli exclaims— " Stand off, ye stars ! nor more in union'd joy illume a world." Still more do we protest against the in troduction of anything like fanaticism, or bigotry, or controversial zeal, in connexion with an elementary book of this nature—a book thar circulates among parties too youthful and inexperienced to be able properly to estimate the merits or demerits of any religious tenets. We would remind Guido Sorelli that one of the most divine attributes of Christianity is charity, and that another is justice; and that, con sequently, if he wishes to claim kindred with the followers of the Nazarene, he should never imbue a school-book with malignity towards one body ( f men and sycophancy towards another. As a teacher of youth he labours, in this respect, under a heavy re sponsibility. Saving, however, this very great blemish, the small volume before us is elegantly worded and usefully conceived. THE RECENT ACt IDENT ON THE NORFOLK RAILWAY. GENERAL PASLEY'S OFFICIAL INQUIRY. THETFoRD, THURSDAY.—Yesterday morning, Nlajor General Pasley, the Government Inspector-General of Railways, arrived by the early train from town, to in stitute his official inquiry respecting the late overturn ing of an engine ar.d train on the Norfolk Railway, whereby the engineer and stoker lost their lives, in order to frame his report of the catastrophe for the guidance of the Board of Trade. On his reaching the station of this town, he imme diately proceeded to that part of the fine where the accident happened, which passes through Kelveston Valiey, attended by Mr. Duff, the Chairman of the Company, Mr. Till, the Secretary, Mr. Marshall, the Locomotive Superintendent, and Mr. Merritt, the contractor for the permanent way, and com menced the investigation by inquiring into the state of the road where the engine went off. Mr. Marshall and Mr. Merritt conducted him about 250 feet from where the engine was lying to the broken chair, and then pointed out the exact point, which was twenty-two feet distant. The course of the engine was then minutely explained to him, as being in an oblique direction, how she pitched on her side twice, and then went over or down the embankment. Having taken a note of these facts, as also the appear ance of the rails which had been torn up. and which laid on the side of the line, the engine formed the next subject of his inquiry. It had been raised from the hole at the bottom of the bank, having sunk deep into the soil, and was perfectly at view for the most searching examination. It was minutely inspected by him, as• sisted by Mr. Marshall, internally and externally. The plates and cylinders had been removed, and although it had received many bumps and bruises, no damage wa,; discovered that was likely to have caused it to ru❑ off. It was thought from the circumstance of the engine jumping at the same moment as the fire and steam flew from it, as described by the witnesses at the inquest, that the boiler or some of the tubes had exploded. The supposition, however, has been entirely set at rest, as not the least injury was found that could have caused such a result ; the regulator remained in the same posi tion, and clearly indicated that the steam had been shut off by the unfortunate engine -driver, Pickering. There was no axle broke, or any of the rods that worked the driving wheel ; all were found perfect, with the excep tion of a trifling defect, which could not in any way be said to have led to the accident. The principal witnesses, Coldman, the guard, who had charge of the train—Tedder, the sccond one—as also the plate-layers, were in attendance to be examined by the Genaral. He, however, did not take their state ment; no doubt finding the newspaper report of their evidence sufficient for his informatit.n. Mr. Wright, a county magistrate, residing at Kelveston Hall, was present, and General Pasley, hearing that a person in his employ had seen the accident, and had timed the rate of the train just previous, desired that he might be sent for. On the man arriving, he stated that he saw the train upwards of a mile before the engine ran off the line. He saw it pass the mile-post in the Kelveston-cutting, as also the one near where it hap pened with the accident, and it was going at a very great rate. He thought sixty miles an hour; fur he pulled out his watch and timed it. It ran from post to post in a minute. The General requested a sight of the watch, and, judging from its antiquity that it probably might not have one of the most accurate movements, having no second-hand, he thought that there might be some mistake as to the speed the train was said to be travelling at. At this juncture a train was heard coming up, and the party retired on one side to let it pass, which it did at the ordinary rate. Mr. Wright, evidently much amazt , cl at the velocity, alluded to that train's progress as a cor roborative proof of the man's assertion, and pointing to the passing train, observed that it was going at sixty miles an hour. A discussion then ensued, and on the General being applied to, he remarked that, standing as they did on the side of the line, the train might seem to miles l t Wpaesrehx,pme be going at a greater rate than it really was. For his Norwich, where part, he did not tidal( it was proceeding faster than 30 hour. that General Pasley would have gone on to he y d e i, t ll train had beentaken lip, t he shattered carriages of the but n h o e t left for London about five it is gi v ve r any opinion b as to the him, that leywr,ro conie le ;o f t rr the o'clock. Although cause of the disaster, remarks that fell from conclusion as Mr. Bidder and 31r. Marshall. Ile a = served, that the escape of the passengers was most mira culous. Since the inquest the bodies have been interred at Ely. They were married ; and iledgar's widow had only been confined a day or two prior to his dr'•adful fate. WETNIINsTER (LATE QUEEN SQUARE) POLICE-COURT. The new Court in lieu of Queen-square was on Thursday opened by Mr. Burrell ; his colleague, Mr. Bond, an Mr. Wray, the Receiver-General, being present. The Court itself is a fine capacious building, about 30 feet by 24, and exceedingly lofty. It is evident that work wen have been busily engaged at it for the la.t three or four days, and with advantage, as there is a marked im provement in the general arrangements since we last had occasion to notice it, and an obvious desire now to render the whole as convenient as possible : but there are still alterations required before it can fairly possess the claim which it should have to convenience and comfort. But the convenience of the public has not been properly con sulted. The place dignified by the appellation of a wait. ing-room is a miserable hole, competent to seat eight persons, with an asphalte floor, and a door opening in its centre into the open air. So " commodious" is this place, that when fourteen persons were in it at one time on Thursday, the fresh corners were obliged to fight their way through them every moment on their way to the clerk's office or interior of the Court, this being at pre sent the onl ) public entrance, although we are informed that another will be opened in a few days. The clerk's office is small and dark, the portion allotted to the public being miserably small, so insigni ficant, indeed, that that which appears to be private part, as also the retiring. room for the cleiks to make up the quarterly accounts, or do any other busi ness in, must be appropriated to the public if anything like five or six persons are engaged is a case. There is also a lamentable, not to say cruel want of accommoda tion to the officers who are unfortunately compelled to be rt sident on the premises ; but we have no doubt that, as ftr as their comfort now can be advanced, every effort will be made to effect it. In this respect, however, as regards mere room, the case from the construction of the building is hopeless. The cells, seven in number, are alrnirablv constructed, and reflect great credit upon both the humanity and feeling of those who designed them ; they are, indeed, most perfect. Workmen are likely to he engaged about the premises for another month, and they have received orders to construct seats round the large space devoted to the public in the Court. which will be a very great advantage, and, with other contemplated improvements, must much advance the comfort of those attending the Court. Mr. W. Taylor, many years second clerk at *Union Hall, or Southwark Police-court, has been promoted to the chief clerkship at the Westminster Police-court, vacant by the death of the late much respected Mr. R. Rlwards. Mr. S. O'Brien, formerly of Bow-street Police-court, and late of the Commissioners' Office, in PRICE OF SUGAR. The average price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, the produce of the British possessions in America, com puted from the returns made in the week ending Dec. 30, 1845, is 375. 3d. per cwt. (Dividends, &c., in our next.) BANK OF ENGLAND. (From last Night's Gazette.) Am Account, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32, for the W eek eading on Saturday, the 27th day of December, 1845. ISSUE DEPARTMENT. Votes issued 26,771,510 Government debt 11,015,100 Other securities... 2,984,900 Gold coin and bul lion .. 11,189,484 Silver b allion .. 1,582,026 £26,771,510 M. Dated the Ist day of Januai £26,771,510 ARSHALL, Chief Cashier. y, 1846. PARTMENT. Government secu rities (including Dead Weight Annuity) Other securities 16.252,051 Note, Gold and silver coin 554,376 £36,922,950 RSHALL, Chief Cashier. y, 1846. BA.NIEING DI Proprietors' capita 1,14,553,000 Rest Public deposits (in eluding Exche quer, Savings banks, Commis sioners of National Debt, and divi- dend accounts) 9,698,409 Other deposits 8,482,239 Seven day andother bills £36,922,950 M. MA Dated the Ist day of Januari BRIGHTON RACKS. —We are pleased to hear that the subscription for the intended Spring Races is going on very satisfactorily; and that there is little coubt that they will come off at the period named, and that there will be n: lack of sport. It is intended to have three races and a hurdle race The hitter always affords plenty of " fun for the million." Sho.:ld the funds prove sufficient, a portion of them will Le devoted as stakes for a steeple chase, to take place on the following day.—Brighton Gazette. _ _ A ship of 420 tons burden, built expressly as a packet between this port and Valparaiso, will ba launched from the building-yard of Mr. T. Roydon, Baffin-street, this day. She will be commanded by Mr. Bartlett, late of the Robert Whiteway.—Liv erpool Advertiser. ASYLUM FOR FEMALE ORPHANS, WESTMINSTER BRIDGE-ROAD.—On Thursday afternoon, the general quar terly court of the Governors and Directors of the above cha rity took place at the board-room in the institution. It was stated that there were ten candidates for the office of preachermorn nispntrnagottbedaetmi onisanr,yn f t s o etri t : b eo e nßs a e s : y .a l t rnv m d. , t vacant i by the n t A.d h i e Adepa, resignation, previously Re v. an ll d . u m ,o is u t i a d k p e. rea O ch ut h o i : o t these 7 sp e ur t en e s n eanyc fo em u o r of i rt i . a i iiden morning xe i t i o e , their lthe C. K d no b x y , in chapel of the institution, in the Cam bridge, the President of the asylum. After the usual routine business, such as passing and examining bills, ice., had been transacted, the majority of the meetiogexpress-ed themselves highly gratified by the flourishing prospects of the institu tion, and then broke up. 1-11GLI TlDE.—There was another unusually high tide in the Thames on Thursday afternoon, and considerable damage was again done on both sides of the river. Passen gers could not laud from the steamers at some of the customary places. The Rev. Frank Hewson, incumbent of Southall, Middlesex, has been presented by the Rev. Frederick Brown to the living of Christ Church, Milsea, Somerset. CUSTOM-HousE.----It will be gratifying to the friends of Mr. J. Rolls to learn that that gentleman has, by an order from the Lords of the Treasury, been restored to his former situation of landing waiter in her Majesty's Customs, and that all arrears of salary, amounting to nearly ',OW, are to be paid to him, and that he is to be promoted on the first vacancy. DEATH BY SCALDING.—An inquest was held Yesterday (Wednesday), before Mr. Delassaux, Coroner, at Ashford, on the body I,f a child, named Charlotte Elizabeth Taswell, whosa death had resulted from scalding. While seated around the kitchen fire, on the 23d ult., with a number of other children, she attempted to stir the coals, when the top bar of the range broke, and a saucepan of boiling water fell over, by which she was severely scalded. and died the same night. A verdict of "Accidental death" was returned. —Kenti.4 Observer. SWINDLING EXTRAORDINARY.—The case of unsuc cessful swindling attempted against Mr. Fergusson, watchmaker, Mauchline, and noticed in our columns of last week, turns out to be of very serious import, being only one of a series of systematic and fraudulent trans actioni, carried on by collusion between a young man, of the name of Aitken, belonging to Ochiltree, and a young woman belonging to Catrme, of the name of Bor land. Three separate cases have been discovered, the first of which was an attempt, by means of a forged letter, to obtain a sum of money from Mr. Muir, merchant, Kilmarnock, wherein the young woman succeeded, having got the sum of 10/., which she actually handed over to Aitken, her paramour. The other two cases oc curred at Mauchline, on Friday se'nnight ; the one being a f trged order from Mr. Smith, banker, Catrine, to Mr. Goldie, merchant. Mauchline, for a quantity of cloth, &c., and the other a similar order from Mr. Cuth bert, Ochiltree, to Mr. Ferguson, Mauchline, as noted last week, both unsuccessful. Through the vigilance and activity of two of our rural police (Mr. Williamson, and M r . B ryson , C umn - c k) t h e offenders were aP headed on S a t ur d ay, an d comm i tte d to A yr gao l on S e a arre i ' t : rj ba i t last—the very day on which, it is said, they were to have been proplairm.d, in order fur marriage.— Correspondent of Ayr Observer. Narrow Broad Guage. Guage. Narrow Gauge. Time Time r .----A- 1 each each Time Time Mile Mile lost gained in in in in Passed the Seconds. Seconds. Seconds. 'lSeconds. first mile- h. m. s. post at ... 2 938 2 2 11 48 130 122 8 0 3 2 13 18 90 118 0 18 4 2 14 34 76 90 0 14 5 2 15 52 78 80 0 2 6 2 17 11 79 74 5 0 7 2 18 25 74 75 0 1 8 2 19 40 75 68 7 0 9 2 20 52 72 68 4 0 10 2 22 5 73 74 0 1 11 2 23 18 73 73 0 0 12 2 24 30 72 70 2 0 13 2 25 48 78 65 13 0 14 227 8 80 6i 15 0 15 2 28 26 78 66 12 0 16 2 29 40 74 68 6 0 17 2 30 54 74 67 7 0 18 2 32 12 78 67 11 0 19 2 33 34 82 68 14 0 20 2 35 0 86 68 18 0 21 2 36 22 82 69 13 0 22 2 37 44 82 69 13 0 23 2 39 0 76 69 7 0 24 2 40 18 78 69 8 0 25 2 41 40 82 72 10 0 26 2 43 0 80 71 9 0 27 2 44 20 80 71 9 0 28 2 45 34 74 71 3 0 29 246 50 76 70 6 0 30 2 48 14 84 69 15 0 31 249 32 78 71 7 0 32 250 50 78 74 4 0 33 252 8 78 73 5 0 34 253 25 i 7 71 6 0 35 2 54 42 77 70 7 0 36 256 0 78 70 8 o 37 257 28 88 70 18 0 38 259 0 92 71 21 0 39 30 30 90 71 19 0 40 3 155 85 70 15 0 41 33 18 83 70 13 0 42 34 42 84 72 12 0 43 34 42 84 73 11 0 44 3 8 8 118 102 16 0 This shows that in the 43 wiles the narrow gauge lost 397 seconds and gained 26 seconds only; the less, in fact, being 5 minutes 53 seconds. From this table it is seen, that with good weather to day, the same engine upon the same line, and going over the same gradients (for curves there are none), took 80 tons 43 miles in 58 minutes 30 seconds, or in 15 minutes 23 seconds less than she took 50 tons yesterday with a side wind against her. The average speed upon the narrow gauge line, with the 80 tons, will be seen to have been about 44 miles per hour, with a maximum speed of 50 miles per hour, while the average speed of the broad gauge was 47i miles per hour, with a maximum speed of 55 miles per hour. The 80• tons train was not brought back again to York by the same engine. I have not heard what experiments will be tried to morrow.—ile, aid Col respondent. THE BIRDS IN Sr. JAMES ' S collet tion, which belongs to the Ornithological Society, at the pre sent time contains upwards of 300 birds, including 21 species and 51 distinct varieties. Although some of the specimens occasionally wander to some distance, but few com paratively are lost, as they generally return, even after a long absence. the secluded plantations and islands being quite congenial to their habits. The mortal remains of the late Col. Gurwood were removed for interment, from Brighton, to the Tower, where his obsequies will take place. The appointmeot of Lieut.- Governor of the Tower, which has become vacant by his Wellington. demise, is in the gift of the Duke of THE NEW PLANET. Since the discovery of the exultra-zodiacal planet Ceres, on the Ist January, 1801 (soon after followed by the discovery of Juno, Pallas, and Vesta), no occurrence has, perhaps, excited so much interest in the scientific world, as the newly-discovered member of our planetary family, Astrea. '1 he observations of one of the greatest living authorities on the law of Bode, of whose sagacious arid far-sighted conjecture the recent discovery would seem to afford an additional confirmation, will doubtless be peculiarly acceptable to those who hare not Sir John Herschel's work immediab-ly at hand. The concluding sentence is, however, remarkably curious, and shows that even the highest authorities may at times, from extreme caution, prove at fault:— _ _ " The planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, have been known from the earliest ages in which astronomy has been cultivated. Uranus was dis covered by Sir W. Herschel in 1781, March 13, in the course of a review of the heavens, in which every star visible in a telescope of a certain power was brought under close examination, when the new planet was im mediately detect( d by its disc under a high magnifying power. It has since been ascertained to have been ob served on many previous occasions with tele•copes of insufficient power to show its disc, and even entered as a star, and some of the observations which have been so recorded have been used to improve and extend our knowledge of its orbit. The dis covery of the ultra-zodiacal planets dates from the Ist day of 1801, when Ceres was discovered by Piazzi at Palermo ; a discovery speedily followed by those of Juno by Professor Harding, of Gottingen ; and of Pallas and Vesta by Dr. Olbers, of Bremen. It is extremely remarkable that this important ad dition to our system had been in some sort surmised as a thing not unlikely, on the ground that the intervals between the planetary orbits go on doubling as we recede from the sun, or nearly so. Thus the interval between the orbits of the earth and Venus is nearly twice that between those of Venus and Mercury ; that between the orbits of Mars and the earth nearly twice that between the earth and Venus ; and so on. The interval between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, however, is too great, and would form an exception to this law, which is, however, again resumed in the case of the three remoter planets. It was, therefore, thrown out by the late Professor Bode, of Berlin, as a possible sin wise, that a planet might exist between Mars and Jupiter, and it may easily then be imagined what was the astonish ment of astronomers to find four revolving in orbits tolerably well corresponding with the law in question. No account a priori, or from theory, can be given of this singular progression, which is not, like Kephi's laws, strictly exact in its numerical verification ; but the cir cumstances we have just mentioned lead to a strong be lief that it is something beyond a mere accidental co incidence, and belongs to the essential structure of the system. It has been conjectured that the ultra zodiacal planets are fragments of some greater planet which formerly circulated in that interval, but has been blown to stems by an explosion, and that more such fragments exist, and may be hereafter discovered. This may serve as a specimen of the dreams in which astronomers, like other speculators, occasionally and harmlessly indu lee." SUICIDE.-011 Thursday evening an inquest was held at the Pickled Egg public-house, befor,r Mr. Wakley, M.P., and a jury, on the body of Mr. John Cundale, of the firm of Cundale and Morgan, Italian warehousemen, 42, Am well-street, Pentonville. On Tuesday last the inhabitants of Holford-square, one of those new ranges of buildings springing up so rapidly in the northern part of the metro polis, were alarmed by the sound of a pistol-shot. The square is within a few perches of the Clerkenwell Police-court, and Marryatt, police-constable 31 G. being on duty there, and hearing the report, ran to the house, 34, in the square, whence it proceeded. On entering the first floor front room he was shocked at the spectacle before him. The floor and one of the windows were besmeared with blood. The upper pert of the head was quite blown off and the skull was quite emptied of its contents. The weapon with which the un fortunate man destroyed himself, an old horse-pistol, lay be side him. The ball passed through the window, one of the panes of which was broken. The constable sent for Mr. Mullard, a surgeon in Percy-street ; but it is needless to say the man died instantly. Seven bullets, a card-case, and a spy .glass were found in his pocket. The body was removed to the workhouse. The house in which he committed the rash act is not yet finished, and mechanics were at work in the lower part of when the shot was fired. So bent was he on suicide, that on leaving home in the morning he left his watch behinu him, and divided one of the leaden bullets w.th which lie loaded the pistol, that the work of destruction might be more effectual. The inquest was adjourned. There is no doubt of the deceased having died by his own hand, but the jury, from the imperfect evidence, were not able to say he was insane at the moment. SUICIDE OF A YOUNG GENTLEMAN BY PRUSSIC ACID.—On Wednesday, Mr. 'Wakley, M.P., Coroner, held an inquest at the Six Bells public-house, Hammersmith, on the body of Mr. George Hampton Trenchard, aged 19 years, who committed suicide by prussic acid on the night of Sun day last. Mr. William impson deposed that he lived at Bradmore House, Hammersmith, and isa surgeon. Deceased st as witness's pupil, and was about 19 years of age. He was a member of a highly respectable family. Deceased was found dead by witness on the night of Sunday last, about half-past eleven o'clock, in the green-house at the bottom of witness's garden. He found the deceased lying or: the floor on his side, and he appeared as a drunken man would. Mr. Gatleff, another pupil. was with witness. Witness ue dia.ely felt deceased's pulse and found him to be quite dead and cold. Deceased had been with witness about eighteen months, fourteen of which he had been an articled pupil. Had noticed no change in the conduct of the deceased pre vious to his death. Deceased was generally very good natured and steady. Witness judged that he was not quite of sober habits from having missed a quantity of tincture of cardimums, which had been afterwards watered From the evidence of other witnesses, it appeared that a bottle of prussic acid was found in the green•house, and a letter was also found in the handwriting of the deceased, in which he stated his intention of taking prussic acid, as his only re source of happiness. It further appeared that the cause of his distress was an accusation made against him by his fel low-pupil, the truth of which he tulmitted, but bad received forgiveness. The jury, after a short consultation, returned a verdict—" That the deceased destroyed himself by taking i prussic acid while in an unsound state of mind." SUSSEX LAW --A labourer, named James Bishop, was charged before the Lewes bench of magistrates on the 21st ult. with being on the Downs for the purpose of taking game (rabbits). It did not appear whether the defendant had work or not, but it did appear that he had not taken b d u t t h w e as co n n o - t ' hard pleaded guilty," and he was sentenced to considerable centr f e ;c a e n , t u e r n itie a s y to kee labour, and at. the end of that term to tin sec . elf p ob served egdamthea.t it D w ef as en a df s t e p ri l o e u a s de o d ffe " n g e u e i t i o ty w ," hi a e n h d d t e h f e edn b d e a n sn e t h h o a b d ach. OMNIBUS ACCIDENT IN THE STRAND.—Thursday The driver escaped evening, as the Greenwich andthe p t e w a o c es securities (towards i n t 5 11 . e rabbits) an f d o r Blackheathomnibus, hmise in l N o o/.. 932, was passing the corner of 'Wellington-street North, in d th u e ct S or tr w en: B l, seriously injured. A gentleman was thrown down with such violence as to fracture his right re . without the slightest injury. THE LATE BISHOP OF JERUSALEM.—The will of the Right Reverend Michael Solomon Alexander, D.D., the first Bishop of the United Church of England and Ireland in thrown t he Jerusa l em , whose death we recently announced to have taken x Ie downtre e broke itb . th h e place in November last, has just been proved in London ; the personal effects in this country were sworn under 7,0001. It a ppears to have been made just previous to his Lordship's de parture from this country for Egypt, and about a month after his consecration to this foreign see, being dated Ist December, 1841. He has left to his executors and trustees, the Rev. John Christian Reichardt, clerk, and C. 11. Corbett, Esq., both residents of London, the whole of his property, real and personal, in trust for his wife, to receive the interest for her life while unmarried, and at her death, or second mar riage, then to his children absolutely. (Signed) "M. S. Angl, Ilierosol." The Right Reverend Prelate had only presided for four years over this newly established Bishopric in the Ottoman Empire, which embraces Syria, Chaldea, Egypt, and Abyssinia. His death was sudden and unexpected. having left his residence to attend a visitation of a part of his diocese, and accompanied by his wife and daughter was proceeding across the Desert from Syria, on his way to Cairo in Egypt, when near Balbeis, and within a few hours of reaching his intended destination, a sudden stroke of death terminated his labours on the 23d November, 1845. His remains were carried to Alexandria for interment,—Post. 12 16 24 The duration of this trip was 54 minutes 6 seconds, which shows a speed of upwards of 471 miles per hour. The maximum rate (between the 18th and 19th mile posts) was somewhat above 5-4 miles per hour. The next experimental trip was to have been with a 60 tons train ; but the weather was considered so favour able for the time of the year that Mr. Bidder proposed to take a train of 80 tons. This was agreed to, and at a few minutes after two o'clock several other passenger carriages were added, and the train proceeded towards the first mile-post. To make this interesting trial of the new narrow-gauge engines' tractive power with a heavy passenger train, I am about to give a table showing the rking of the broad and narrow-gauge engines with the 80-tons train, and it is therefore right I should state that the broad -gauge engine made her trip with a pretty good head wind against her, and that the narrow-gauge en gine had a light bre, ze with her during the whole of the Journey. It is also necessary to state that the broad gauge engine commenced her working from a state of rest, and that the narrow-gauge engine passed, at the rate of about 12 miles per hour, the first mile post, from which I reckon the time of her performance. This will explain the reason of the apparent loss of time by the broad-gauge engine for the first four miles. It will he recollected that the distance gone over by the broad-gauge train was 52 miles. I have taken the first 42, and then the working of the 52d mile, in order to get performances as nearly parallel as possible. THE ARMY. 1 'OLITSMOUTII, DEC. 31.-68th Durham Light In fantry Captain Phipp's company was relitved on Saturday from Tipper Ordnance station by Captain IC , nnedy's, and proceeded to Fort Cumberland, there not ileirtg sufficient quarti rs within the town to accom modate the whole of the garrison. The subaltern's detachment of thirty men, stationed at March wood Ordnance station, near Southampton, has been la hey/ d by a similar one from the 74th High landers. Ensign Lord Hinton, of this regiment (the eldest son o Earl Poulett), has retired from the army. The 74th Highlanders, quartered at Gosport, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Crabbe, K. 11., have received orders to commence wearing their Highland costume on the 26th of April, 1846. ROYAL MARINE ARTILLERY —The finding and sen • tence of the General Court-martial, held on the 26th inst., on gunner John Boultnn, having been approved by the Admiralty, were promulgated this morning at parade-time. he charges against gunner John Boul ton wore:—"ln having made his escape from _his guar ti.rs when confined as a punishment for a previous offence, and not returning till brought buck by an escort; and fi- having struck Sergeant Elliot, of the Royal Ma rine Artillery, his superior officer, when in the execution of his duty." The Court found the prisoner Guilty of both charges, and sentenced him to twelve months' imprisonment, of which three are to be solitary, and nine with hard labour. This sentence is ordered to be read at the head -of the four divi,ions of the Royal Marines. General practice from the land and sea service bat teries took place on Monday last at Fort Cumberland, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Gibsone, Royal Marines. Messrs. Adair, Aftwbey, and Heastly have received commis,i.ps as Second Lieutenants. The two former officers are appointed to the Portsmouth, and the latter to the Chatham division. Anxic liEcaurrs.--Rv order issued from the Horse Guards, it is directed that " until further orders the minimu m size of recruits for the infantry of the line will be half an inch below the standard prescribed by the ge neral orders of Alay, 1844, viz., men at five feet six, and growing lads under eighteen years of age as low as five feet five and a half inches. Itecreuits for regiments in In:iin, Chita, New South %Vales, and St. Helena, to be eligible at five feet five and a half inches, if not under eighteen years of age. By command, &c." PARKHURST PRISON. The following is a copy of a letter which has been re cently received by the Court of Quarter Sessions for the county of Middlesex, relative to the sending of prisoners to Parkhurst Prison : " Whitehall, Nov. 14, 1845. " Sir,—l am directed by Secretary Sir James Graham, to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 27th of August last, in which, after adverting to Sir James Graham's opinion in his letter of the 16th of that month, that it is inexpedient to pass sentence of transportation on children for offences not of an aggravated character, merely for the purpose of obtaining their admission to Parkhurst Prison,' you observe that the Court of Quarter Sessions over which you preside will be placed in some difficulty unless it obtains a clear understanding of the nature of the cases which are considered proper for ad mission to that prison ; and you further observe, that if the tiiness of the prisoner is to be judged by the cha racter of the offence of which he i s c on vi c t e d, the prison will become a dead letter, so far as the county of Mid dlesex is concerned. "Sir James Graham directs me to inform you, in the first place, that it is no part of the design of the esta blishment at Parkhurst to relieve counties from the charge and the maintenance of juvenile offenders, and he cannot, therefore, take notice of that consideration. " lam also to inform you, Sir James Graham is of opinion that prisoners who have been guilty of offences, not of a serious description, for which they would be more properly punished by imprisonment, and not by transportation, are not fit subjects for admission into Parkhurst prison. All prisoners admitted there are to be finally sent abroad, and before they are sent, are to be subjected to a long and very strict discipline ; this is the rule that has been uniformly acted upon by Sir James Graham ; and it appears to him to be manifestly unjust that offenders should be so punished in cases where, if no such establishment as that at Parkhurst had existed, they would have received no higher punishment than imprisonment in this country. " Some limitation and selection have been found by experience to be necessary with regard to the age and size of prisoners, as all prisoners admitted into Pat k hur t are ultimately destined to work in the colonies. The fittest age for admission is considered to be about fourteen, and the size or stature should be proportionate. " Sir James Graham requests that this information may be communicated to the magistrates of the county, and that in making recommendations for admission of prisoners into Parkhurst prison, the principles above mentioned should for the future be observed.—l am, &c. (Signed) " S. M. PHILLIPS. " Mr. Sergeant Adams. &c." SERIOUS ACCIDENT IN ST. MARYLEBONE WORK HOUSE.—Thursday morning, between three and four o'clock, a &Timis accident occurred in St. Marylebone workhouse, which, it is feared, will prove of fatal consequences. George age . 1 18, an inmate of the workhouse, had by some means got out of his sleeping-room on to the roof of the build ing, and passed over the roofs until he zit - rived at the women's side of the building, where the disorderly young females are confined in a separate building, known as the round tower. In attempting to descend into the yard by a rope, he fell on to the paving -stones, a height of 30 feet. The groans of the tnifortunate sufferer being heard, assistance was rendered, and he was immediately removed to the infirmary, where he lies without hope of recovery. FATAL COLLISION ON THE TYNE.—An inquest was held at the river police station, in North Shields, on Tuesday, before Mr. Reed, the Coroner, on view of the body of William Souter, of Arbroath, who was drowned under the following circumstances :—lt appeared that on the 6th of November, about 3 o'clock in the morning, the deceased, with four other persons, was proceeding in a sculler bat on the river, near the ferry landing at North Shields, towards a ship lying in one of the tiers, when the steam ferry-boat was crossing the water from the south to the north aide, the boat was struck by the starboard bow of the Ferry, and capsized, the crew being precipitated into the river. Their shouts were heard from the shore, and a number of boats put off to their assistance, and succeeded in res cuing four of the persons, but the deceased was carried away by the tide and drowned. His body was not found till Monday, when it was seen floating some distance from where the accident occurred. Several witnesses went examined, including the boatman, who stated that he hailed the Ferry before the collision took place, and attributed the accident to a want of due caution on the part of those on bolod the Ferry. The crew of the Ferry proved that a light was exhibited as usual at the masthead, that two of them were stationed to " look out," that they did not hear any one hail them, ar.d that the sculler boat came out at the bead of a tier of vessels just as the Ferry was turning in to make the landing, and was then directly under the Ferry's bow, so that the collision was unavoidable. The jury having consulted some time, returned a verdict of "Acci dental death," with a deodand of 301. on the Ferry, at the same time intimating that they had found some difficulty in agreeing upon their verdict, owing to the contradictory state ments of the witnesses. This is the first accident of the kind which has occurred with the Ferry, which has now been fifteen 3 ears in operation. The fdlowing notice was posted at the General Post office yesterday :—" General Post-office, January, 1846. Her Majesty's Government having ascertained that a charge for postage has been re-imposed by the Brazilian. Post-office upon newspapers from the United Kingdom delivered by the post in Brazil, British newspapers addressed to that country will hereafter be liable to a charge of 2d. each, which must be paid in advance; newspapers received from Brazil will be also chargeable with a rate of 2d. on their delivery in the United Kingdom." CONSUMPTION AND ASTHMA.—Dr. Cronin has re moved from 6, Craven.street, Strand, to 14, Leicester-place, Leicester square, where he may be daily consulted on the use of Anaspasia in the successful treatment of Asthma, Con sumption, Bronchitis, and other affections of the chest. Dr. Cronin's treatise on Anaspasia, Third Edition, price 35., may be had of Wutheim's, Paternoster-row, or at the author's address above.—" Were Dr. Cronin's facts less conclusive than they are, the importance of the subject (the cure of consumption) would render apath3, on the part of the afflicted wholly unpardonable."--dorning Chronicle. THE SALMON FISHERIES.—With the last day , of the year terminates the close season tor salmon in the river Severn and its tributaries, and on New Year's-day it will be. again lawful to take seasonable salmon. We use the word seasonable, because at the very early period of which, by the pi esent law the season commences, there present are high so many spawning fish in the river; fo rt unately the Hoods will bring down the spawn fish before the netting begins, and consequently a vast number will be saved for next year's supply—the late high waters have been most favourable for the spawning season. We caution all persons that they will incur a penalty of not less than 51. for taking or having in their possession an unseasonable salmon. The Severn Fisheries Association intend putting the law in this respect strictly in force, as also those against using nets for taking fish during the night time or on Sundays. We un derstand that the new Bill, to be introduced by Sir T. Win nington, will be vigorously pushed forward in the next ses sion, and we sincerely hope that, it will become the law of the land, and that one uniform fence time, suitable to the habits of the salmon, may be fixed England and Wal upon in all the rivers of es. We shall give an abstract of the Bill in our next.— Worcester Chronicle. __— FATAL ACCIDENT.—One of the most melancholy events which it has been our province to chronicle oc cured on Tuesday last, at Bishop's ; Hull. It appears that on the afternoon Of that day the son of Lieutenant- Colonel Cullis, a youth about fifteen years of age, ac companied the son of J. Walters, Esq., a gentleman residing in the same vicinity, on a shooting excursion. It was getting towards dark, and the parties were about to return home, when a rabbit came in view. Mr. Walters fired, and wounded the rabbit, which rolled on the ground, unable to escape, and whilst he had raised the gun and taken aim to effectually destroy the animal, the unfortunate young gentleman rushed forward to secure it, when he received the contents of the discharge in his head—his brains being blown out, presenting a horrid and sickening spectacle.—Somerset County Gazette. WEATIIER.—FARMING AFFAIRS, &C.—Owing to the very boisterous and wet weather comparatively little wheat sowing has yet been done in this district. It is fully three weeks later than last year. A good many potatoes are still in drill ; but the very wet weather has rather hastened their decay—at least this is the ex perience of some. Of those in pits, some are keeping better than was expected, but others, thought to be keeping well, have fallen in. Additional starch mills, on a large soale, have been put in operation, and farmers who have no mills are freely giving the diseased potatoes to pigs, and their cattle, without any bad effect.—Ayr Observer. TREA.T TO FACTORY OPERATIVES.-011 Christmas eve, the mill-owners in Lancaster gave a treat to their workpeople, by assembling them together at a tea-party, t, 4 'ter which dancing commenced and was kept up to an early hour. Such meetings cannot be too highly com mended, as showing the good feeling existing between employers and the employed.—Preston Gucrd=an• ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING, TRIUMPH OF THE LEAGUE. HEREFORD, THURSDAY, JAN. 1, 1846.—A public meeting was held at twelve o'clock yesterday, in the old Town-hall, in the city of Hereford, convened by his Worship the Mayor (%V. James, Eel), in complian c e with a requi s i t i on w hi c h had been resented to him, numerously and respectably signed by citizens and resi dents in the vicinity. The chair was taken by his Worship, and Mr. Falvey attended as a deputation from the League. There was a large attendance of respectable inhabitants and agriculturists of every shade of politics. His WORSHIP briefly stated the objects for which the meeting had been convened--viz., respectfully to pray her Majesty to call to her councils only those men who would pledge themselves to an unconditional and total repeal of the corn-laws. Letters were read from the city Members, Sir H bert Price and Mr. Pulsford, expressing their regret at their inability to attend. Mr. Pulsford declared himself an advocate for the total abolition of all restrictive duties. A letter was also read from Robert lliddulph, Esq., iho formerly represented this city. Sir S. R. MEYRICK, K C.H., of Gooderich Court, rose amid loud cheering to propose the fir t resolution. Ile said it may not be uninteresting if I Kite you a brit f rac e. unt of the origin and history of the corn-lays. I am old enough to remember when Napoleon determined to injure the commerce and prosperity of this country, n hen he had the whole or Europe, except this little island, under his command—he determined to put all the ports of the Continent in such a position that no food could be exported. Ile proceeded to establish custom-houses at the various parts of the Continent, the business of which was not to allow any produce to come to England from any of those co u n t r i es under his command. Tiffs was_ followed by the enact ment of what were known as the Milan and Berlin d( cre es; and this country was reduced to its own soil to supply the provisions of lire. The army and navy took a very large portion, and it was found that the supply was insufficient to meet the demand. It was at this time that the quartern -loaf sold in London at 2s. 6d , The !public submitted with patience, because they knew well it was a case of necessity. The Government could not aff, rd them any help. They expected that when peace came they should have its concomitant, plenty.— (Cheers.) Well, peace did come, and what was the measure then passed ? Why Mr. Robinson, better known at that time as " Pros's, rity Robinson," after wards Lord Goderich, and now the earl of Ripen, came to the House and said to the landed proprietors—for the qualification of land alone gives permission to sit in either House of Parliament - he said then to the proprietors of land, what will be the result, if plenty now takes place, if there be not some provision made to secure those ad siLairnetalggeos wfu.hritchhert,hlet m the people tellple know now we possess? But, he you the effect of the Milan and Berlin decrees in this country. In the first place, the farmers found the benefit —they got cent. per cent. for their money. But the landed proprietors, seeing the state of affairs, thought they had a right to get as much for their land as they possibly could, and therefore determined that when they had opportunities of granting fresh leases they would have larger sums—and renewed or other leases were subsequently granted only at an enormous rate. The farmers had believed their state of prosperity would continue for ever, and therefere soon found the ill effects of the change. But the landed pro prietors; not being warned by such an example, quickly mortgaged their land, and entered into various arrange ments, as if the rentals they were then receiving would always continue. Need I say, then, that they were justly alarmed when peace came ' • and at the earnest threats of Prosperity Robinson they determined to put upon the people a most grievous tax—in plain English, they determined to put their hands into the people's pockets.—(Hear, and cheers.) The landed proprietors, assisted by the clergy, who ought to have been employed in (coking over that Book, the doctrines of which it is their duty to practise as well as to preach, deter mined that twenty millions should be sponged upon. When I say the clergy, I do not mean to condemn all, for there were some who saw the iniquity of the measure—amongst others, a worthy rector in this county. The measure was thus adopted by the Legislature, but it has not been found to answer though it has continued with various alterations ever since. And now, g ntlemen, we are told, when the mea sure does not succeed, when there is a probability t hat the law will be speedily abolished, that the landed pro prietors ought to have—what ? Why, an indemnity ! —(Laughter and cheers.) I should like to know for what reason they claim an indemnity.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.") If, gentlemen, any of you were to take a pick-pocket with his hands in your pocket, what would be your astonishment should you hear him say, " I will not pick your pocket if you will give tee so much money." —(Elear, hear, and laughter.) But, there is, gentlemen, you must be aware, a little difference—the pickpocket robs you contrary to law, the other man takes from you according to law.—(Hear, hear.) It has been said that this case assimilates itself to that of the West India. planter. Now, I cannot, myself see the slightest resemblance. Those men had a property not derived from the people of this country ; and if, therefore, the people of this country call upon them to give up that property, they have a just right to a-k for a remuneration.— (Bear, hear.) The people, I nsainta'n, have for thirty years been trampled on by the landed proprietors, and have during that time suffered to the fullest extent. It is the bounden duty of Government immediately to - give them that which has been so long withheld from them (Hear, hear.) And now let me say one word on account of the League. I have often heard it remarked that leagues of any kind are dangerous institutions. In the first instance, the Legislature forme l itself into a league, and then, upon the principle of self-de fence, the people had a just right to establish a League. —(Hear, hear.) The Learned Knight, in conclusion, proposed the first resolution, praying for an immediate and unconditional repeal of the corn-laws. Mr. JOHN BENBOW seconded the resolution in a short but appropriate speech. Air. JOHN Toerrenes, of the Weir, in this county, farmer, rose to move an amendment to the resolution, and addressed the meeting amidst considerable inter ruption. He preferred a fixed duty to the sliding-scale. He hated the sliding-scale, and was an advocate for free trade, but for free trade in everything—(Hear, hear) — in every commodity and necessary of life. Why did they invade his particular rights ?—(Uproar.) The agriculturists filled their shops, and purchased their goods. Who, then, were the tradesmen of Hereford depending on?—who have you to look to if agriculture does not prosper? He quite agreed with the principles of the League, so far as free trade went. But he wanted free trade in everything, and not in corn alone. The League had done much to convince the public that the principles of free trade were the principles of sound and common sense.—(Hear, hear.) What was the object of their assembling to ask her Majesty to call to her council those men only who will remove the re strictive imports on the freedom of commerce? But did they not forget that the men have been already called, and what was the consequence ? Why, Lord John, whose great ability he readily admitted, had sent forth his manifesto from Edinburgh a little bit too soon. He did accept office, and, after some days' deliberation, he found his position a very difficult one ; he knew that the measures he must propound would never be carried through the House of Commons.—(" Yes, yes.") Lord John knew perfectly well that the sense of the country was against him.—(" No, no," and confusion.) When free trade in corn arrived they also expected free trade in sugar and other necessaries. If there were to be free trade in corn, unaccompanied by the abolition of other import duties, three-fourths of the land would be thrown out of cultivation.--(" No, no," and tremen dous uproar.) The farmer would not then be able to carry on.—(" Down with the rent, then.") What. was_ to become of the large population of agricultural la bourers ?—(" They are starving now uponsix ngs a week.")—He believed that the farm-laboure rs ere never better off than at the present in t g i ne i n . — w ( t h l l i c s h s e s h . e ) , amidst indescribable upr oar , to assert his right The speaker c_o t n toa e n impartial t a d i e v a e v y o ure and d other t a ssau gentlemen, gethe w tu li n o , u fo lt r . was joined by some endeavoured confusion he pro cee d e d to attack the pro ceedings of the L ague and o f M r. Cobden, and to argue A so m m i e dst time gr in that the corn-laws had conduced to the prosperity of the country in general and of the manufacturers in particular. He concluded by proposing an amendment to the effect, that a total and unconditional repeal of the corn-laws, without an impartial and complete revision of the finan cial affairs of the country, would prove injurious to the landlord, the tenant, and the tradesman. (The amend ment was received by three cheers from a small portion of the meeting, which was answered by a call fur three groans.) The amendment was seconded by Mr. G. TERRY. Mr RICHARD Davis, corn-merchant, rose and said, I am not going to enter upon the question as to whether the city of Hereford is dependent on agriculture. I look at the question as involving the interests of every individual in the kingdom ; and if the abolition of this law inflicts injury upon the agriculturists, it will like wise injure the manufacturing and commercial classes, for the prosperity of the one is inseparably linked with the other I admit the principle of free trade in its most comprehensive bearing, but I contend that it cannot be effectually brought into operation, because we are in an artificial state of society. The speaker then proceeded to contend, that with our national debt and our monetary system, the maintenance of the principle of protection was absolutely necessary to ensure our national safety. Mr. FALVEY, a deputation from the League, rose amid enthusiastic cheering, and in a long and eloquent speech, for which we regret that we cannot find room, addressed the meeting in support of the original resolution. The original resolution ,proposed by Sir S. R. Meyrick, was carried by a very large majority. A second reso lution, praying for free trade in every branch of com merce, was moved by Mr. Richard Nash, seconded by Mr. R. George, and carried. Three cheers were given for Mr. Falvey, Sir Samuel Meyrick, Air. Toinkins at the request of Mr. Falvey), and a vote of thanks carried to the Mayor; after which the meeting separated, the advocates of free trade in high glee. ---- THE FIVE-FRANC PIECES IN JERSEY. — Our local Legislature have again laid them selves o p en to stricture by the resolution they adopted on Saturday last. Som e f ew standard. years since they passed a law making English money the only legal coin here. Now, in the very face of it, they have come to a resolution to receive French coin, by authorising n their receivers to t ake five-franc pieces at a certain The price adopted b y them has been 4 s. 3d. old Jersey cur rency. In paying amounts of British sterling, a difficulty will arise, for there exists a fractional difference between 4s. 3d. Jersey and 3 s 11 d. British, which, in heavy pay ments, will be a consideratio n The tradesmen of the town a re paying and receiving . a n English them at 4s. British, or one-fifth of Sovereign, as heretofore.—Jersey Advertiser. GREENWICH POOR-Box.—The magistrates at the Police -court have received 10 1 . from the Goldsmiths' Com pany, and 5/. from one of the county magistrates of this district, being au annual donation to this fund. ~t Loney 108 g ~: -. «.