The Sun. — London, England, 1823-10-11 00:00:00

THE LONDON JOURNALS. DAILY £rtracts from the Morning Papers, October 11 (THE TIMES.) tikurJournal of to-day contains the melancholy, Ips not unforeseen, catastrophe of the siege of Cadiz. " That man," as Lord Chancellor Man 4ers would call the King of Spain if his Majesty happened to be oppressed by potent enemies, is t►ow, we presume, in a situation the very reverse 4yr distress. He is in the hands of potent friends, --Of a triumphant army : He is free.—" The King and Royal Family arrived at Port St. Mary at eleven o'clock this morning, October Ist." Such are the terms of the third tele graphic dispatch. The first of these documents which was dated the 28th of September, an, nounced somewhat prematurely the expected ar rival of the King at the French head-quarters, and the cause of the mistake is sufficiently ex plained ; for it appears that the freedom proposed to his Majesty at that period, and which he himself bud made known to the Duke of Angouleme, was conditional, and that the terms were such that probably neither King nor the Duke would ac cede to them. The preparations for attack were probably resumed, and continued two days longer, when such confusion and insubordination took place within the town, that what may be called absolute submission followed—that is, the King and Royal Family went over to the Duke, there being nothing to detain them : and with re spect to the Constitutionalists, no terms were teade on their behalf ; they are left to do and to suffer what fate may ordain. Their condition, indeed, is such that-the description of it reminds u►s forcibly of the aqcount give►► by the historian Livy of the distress of the people of Capua who bad been attached to the Carthaginian and Ant& bal party, when► the town was to be restored to the Romans ; and a more affecting narrative is slowbere to be found. Now, therefore, Ferdi nand and the French, his dear allies, are toge ther ; their first grand object—that upon which they supposed ult the rest to hinge—has been obtaiued. What will this junction produce ? The peace of. Spain ? Will it hold forth to liberal Spaniards the hope of a free Constitution ? or will it, on the other hand,trunquillize the Serviles with the assurance of a permanent despotism? Alas ! what freedom is to be expected at the hands of such a man as Ferdinand ? If he had been disposed to emancipate his subjects, he might have done that long ago without the intervention of the French ; and if he hopes by their aid to perpetuate slavery, they may not be disposed to go the length which his vindictive passions would impel him : or if they are, the end will only be rendered more odious by the means employed to attain it. A King rendered triumphant by foreign bayonets over the rights of his subjects, wilt be more hateful than one that makes himself despotic by his own arts, or through national prejudices. The power that shall have made Ferdinand ah. So lute in Spells, must remain there to keep him sb. The Incongruity, therefore, of the means employed to tranquillize the Peninsula, was, per haps, never more apparent than at present, when they have had more success than could have been expected, end they yet lead to no defiuite cm : had they (ailed totally in the executio then their inadecluacy could not have been knowh. Rego, it will he seen, arrived in Madrid on the id instant, atnidst much insult, and tic small tlgOger from popular fury. [MORN! NG POST.] No official details of the important intelligence which we communicated yesterday have yet ar rived, though we have received by our regular Express ail the Paris Journals of the Sth, and the Pilate of the 9th inst. In the absence of Quillen tic information, however, there is no lack of ru- WOUrS and assertions, and seine of the latter are given in a shape and strider an authority which entitle them to some consideration, though not to full credit. Amongst these is the Madrid ac count of the circumstances which are said to have preceded the restoration of the King of Spain to unlimited power and liberty. It will he found amongst our extracts from the French Papers, and if it state any thing approaching tke truth,. It presents a most melancholy and disgusting picture of national degradation. If the people of Cadiz and the army in. the Isle of Leon have not been most infamously slan dered,—if they have been guilty of a tythe part of the baseness laid to their charge, a stain is fixed on the Nobility of the Spanish character, which ages of glory will neither conceal nor re. nsove. But we will not believe that men who, under perils of a 'still graver nature, when a far greater enemy lay at their doors, and the strength of the nation had been broken, in a hundred battles, turned an unshrinking front to the foe, and framed a free constitution for their country under the tire of his batteries—we will fset, believe that such men could make a jest of patriotism, and he the first to insult before they betrayed the few nobly determined to de fend the national honour. If, indeed, this abo mination have been perpetrated in the former sanctuary of Spani4h liberty, thee are the Cortes fully justified in resigning it to the pollutions of the enemy. Even the guardian angels of Judah's temple abandoned their charge when it had been desecrated by the iniquities of its worshippers.— Men cannot pretend to greater patience and to- Imams than seraphs. All that could be done to maintain the dignity of the Spanish name and the existence of the Constitution seems to have been attempted by the Cortes, though surrounded by dpfection, cowardice, and treachery; for we are told in this very article as an additional charge against them, that under such appal ling circumstances they courageously demanded terms which it would hav,e been a redeeming trait in the. French Generalissimo to grant. They required, we are told, to be allowed to retain possession oft Cadiz, the Isle of Leon, and all, the strong places in the power of the Con stitutionalists during two months, with per- Mission to traffic and communicate with the rest, of Spain and other -countries : and they also justly demanded that the Regency. of .1 Madrid should be dissolved " as incompatible with the liberty of the King, the sole legiti mate Government." It is only when they found the majority of the people and of the army cowardly towards the foe, and brave only against legislators and patriots, that they are re presented to have dispaired of a defence without defenders, and resigned to the former Despot of Spain the charge of protecting a Constitution which he had solemnly sworn to maintain and to obey. Such is the general character of the ac counts hitherto received. As they come from the Journal of the Madrid Regency, let us trust that they are exaggerated—let us hope that they are entirely false. That Cadiz has surren dered is by no means certain. The only esta blished fact is the departure of the King and his family ; and it is still possible that the retention of Cadiz and the Isle of Leon for some time longer on the part of the Constitutionalists may he the price paid by the enemy for the possession of the Monarch. [MORNING CHRONICLE,] From all we are enabled to collect in the ac counts hitherto furnished by the French them selves, of the concluding scenes in Cadiz, it is very evident that considerable confusion must have prevailed there before it was finally' re solved to send out the King as a peace maker, and that the difficulties which sur rounded the Government and the Cortes were so great and , pressing, that they had no alterna tive left—the state of public feeling not warrant ing them to risk the consequence of an assault, in the face of the formidable preparations made by the enemy. Deprived of all pecuniary re sources from the moment the Constitutional Authorities quitted Madrid, and also foiled in their expectations of negociating loans in a foreign market, their straits must have been great, and the troops, as well as all the public functionaries, were under long arrears of pay. Heavy contributions had been levied on the rich inhabitants and merchants of Cadiz, chiefly constituting the militia of the place; and these exactions, added to the fatiguing ser vice of the ramparts, with the other privations of a siege, must have considerably weakened this portion of the defence, by creating weariness and disaffection, particularly after the capture of the Trocadero. The militia of Madrid were almost the only troops on whom entire reliance could be placed, and their number was too small to induce the hope of a successful resistance. —The earlydefection of several of the Generals in command of armies, and the subsequent surrender of some of the most important fort resses, must have had great influence on the minds of those assembled in Cadiz, us no succour could any longer be expected, and no diversion could be made in favour of the be sieged garrison. Although provittions, generally, bud not risen to an exorbitant price, meat was nevertheless extremely dear. The prejudices of the lower orders bud also been worked on, and,, besides, French gold bad gained over many within the walls. It remains to be seen what use . Ferdinand 'VII, and the Duke of Angouleme will make or their victory,.—What, the intrepid and persevering Mutt may determine at khis cri tical moment also constitutes an object of 011XiOUS curiosity. Between him and the French SUS. pension of hostilities in all probability will now take place, and he will conceive it his duty to ascertain the intentions of the King, as well' as the ulterior views of the invaders, before he and his brave followers lay down their arms. [MORNINII HERALD.] In the remarks which we made 'yesterday on the affairs at Cadiz, we gave the riding Authori ties of that place a greater degree of credit for wisdom, or for prudence, than, according to the statement in the French 'papers, they now appear to have possessed. The only way we could ac count for the quiet surrender of the King, after the vigilant custody in which he had been kept, was by supposing that the Cortes had, in conse quence of some SCeret arrangement,` secured for themselves n o t on ly an indemnity, but also some portion of that money which the French Govern- went is believed to have distributed through out Spain. If the accounts, however, which reached us yesterday be correct, it would seem that the liberation of the King was the re sult of despair among the members of the Cones ; that unable to adopt any decisive measures, or even to deliberate—and findina. themselves des. titute . of all authority,, they gave up every thing for lost ; and rested their last hope on the clemency of the King i vd of the French Coln,. [Handers, who had previously :refused to grant them any conditions.' . The strug,gle has thus terminated roost ignobly for those who cull themselves the Representatives of the Spanish people. There is still, however, reason to . sus- Inlet that some of them, acting under the in fluence of French bribes, had diffused a spirit of despondency, not only among the members of their own body, but among the military, who might otherwise have made a resistance against the besiegers, and thus hastened- that ca tastrophe which has taken place. How far it will turn out hereafter-to he a bloodless affair for some hundreds. of Constitutionalists who had taken refuge in Cadiz, is still uncertain. There appears ►► great deal of mystery in the whole of this business, which 'Arne. only can develope.— There can be no doubt but that among the defen ders of Cadiz there prevailed a great want ()Icor. diality, a great dead of disunion, and cowardice, Yet is unaccountable how men, who had it in their power to hold out for a considerable time, should throw themselves into the hands of enemies from whom they can expect no favour. It is stated in one of the French papers of Thursday, which we received last night, that 'Ferdinand has pledged himself not to persecute any man for his former conduct, but every one knows how little dependence is to be placed on such a promise ; and even should he feel the strongest inclina tion to keep his word, how,will he be able to controul the vengeance of those Councillors, by whom he is to be surrounded, and who will be the ipso facto rulers of• the kingdom ? In short, there appears but two chances of safety fur the leading Constitutionalists at Cadiz, either to make their escape by sea to Englan d or America, or to receive protection from the French army. Such protection may be afforded ; and if so, this will probably be one among many other reasons why the French will keep posses sion of Spain. They must do so as a matter of necessity ; for otherwise, in the present state of the Peninsula, they would have all the work of invasion to do over again. [NEW TIMES.] A t a late hour last night the Quarters' Accou of the revenue had not been fully made up; but sufficient appeared to shew that it would be as satis factory as the best friends of Government could wish. We even understand that the statements in an Evening Paper of yesterday, gratifying as they are, will be more than borne out by the Official Returns. It may be remembered, that the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, in his luminous financial speech of February 21st, assumed that allowing for the deduction which must take place this year, in consequence of the full operation of the diminution of taxes effected last year, the receipts of 1822 might fairly be taken as the basis of those of 1823. The Customs in par ticular were taken by Mr. Robinson at some what less than the produce of the year pre ceding, which he avowedly did, 44 in order to be completely within bounds, and to avoid an exag gerated calculation." But in the Customs of the present quarter, it is believed that there is an increase compared with the corresponding quar ter in the last year of 400,0001. or upwards ! In some descriptions of Stamp Duties there is a marked improvement, in others a slight diminution —but upon the whole the produce is increased. There is some decrease in the Assessed Taxes, and some (in consequence of reduced taxation) in par ticular articles subject to the Excise ; but the Ex cise on the Salt, by its increase, distinctly marks an improvement in the comforts of the lower classes of people, whether the article be used for agricultural purposes, or for the curing of pro visions. We have reason to believe that balancing those articles on which there is an in crease against those on which there is a diminu- ion, the general improvement of the Quarter's Revenue will be found rather to exceed than fall short of Three Hundred Thousand Pounds ! By the transfer of the Pension List from the Consoli dated Fund, a large surplus arises from the latter. The charge on that fund in last year's October quarter was about 10,800,0001.: this year it does not exceed 7,800,0001. The surplus of the quar ter of 1822 was about 925,0001.: this year it will be nearly three millions. The Exchequer Bills charged upon the growing prdduce of the Conso lidated Fund have beer► rapidly diminshing for some time past. At the end of the July quarter of 1822 they amounted to 8,363,351/.; at the end of the October quarter following, 6,836,1561; in Jan. 1823 t they had been reduced to 5,941,0141.; in April to 3,794,5851.; and in July to 3,557,9061. a sum which the present surplus will very nearly cover. And now let us consider how different a picture we should have had to contemplate, if his Majesty's Ministers had not wisely resolved to maintain .t 4 strict neutrality ! Let us call to mind the just and forcible remarks of Lord Liverpool in his unanswerable speech on the Negociations. After the unexampled contest," said his Lordship, " which we waged to 22 years, and front which we are but just now recovering --a contest as unexampled in magnitude and ex tent as in duration—after all the hard ships and sufferings, which in consequence of our unpuralled exertions the country has undergone—it cannot be consistent with true wisdom or sound. policy to replunge the country into all the evils and inconveniences of a new war, without a clear and obvious necesity—rnore particularly at the time when we find our com merce and manufactures not only recovering from the depression which they more sensibly expe rienced on the .conclusion of peace, than while hostilities were raging, but advancing to a de gree of prosperity which they never before en joyed : and when we find our agriculture, the last interest to recover, because the last to suffer, beginning to revive from the difficulties and distress under which it has been labour ing."—The country went fully along with the Noble Earl : it felt all the magnitude of the sacrifice which some inconsiderate persons called on it to make in a cause in which tl►e honour and essential interests of Britain were not concerned--it refused to make such a sacri fice, and we see the result in the gratifying state ments of the present financial account. [13111'11611 ESL] The system of forgery recently introduced in to the banking and commercial world, by extract- Mg the, entire written substance of a draft or check, leaving only the name of the drawer, which, being the authority for the payment, can not fail to give effect to the fraud, is extending itself in a manner that excites a daily increase of alarm, it being attended with consequences the most ruinous in every branch of the mer cantile. world. Checks in several instances, as low as fifteen and twenty pounds, have been, through this means, made payable for sums as high as twelve and fifteen hundred. We saw yesterday th e blank checks of a banking-house in the thy, which, in order to guard against this new [node of forgery, were printed upon a light rose.coloured paper, in consequence of which the chemical liquid applied to take out the written contents must at the same time extract the colour from the paper, which, as far as applies to bankers' drafts, is, perhaps, the best preven tive that can. be derived. But, unfortunately, it is protective of bankers' drafts only. 'While this species of forgery is replete with the roost terri. sfyidiengr itci, l,y reflectionspl and anticipations to all who con in all its bearings, what a danger ous power does it place in the hands of any Ws , honest individual to whose care wills are entrusted, or who has the confidential custody of any legal eon. veyance or written instrument connected ,with the transfer of property whether Iryet , i u u r es a t :a y e I)ytl ee or by any one o f the, endless e,o transac tions of any kind •that. are confirmed by authen ticated signiture I We really think that mecha nical ingenuity and chemical skill cannot be .better, or even more profitably employed, than in contriving some mode by which this dangerous power may be effectively counteracted. As it exists at present ; and, we deeply regret to add, exists' with increasing temptation, it goes to the neutralizing the security of all written instruments, and to shake the confidence of commercial dealing in the attestation of all ne gociable instruments. If carried to the extent of which it is obviously capable, it tends gra dually to destroy all the value of paper currency as a circulating medium.' The important ques tion, whether the bankers, or the party keep ing cash with them, are to s ustain the loss, under the many forgeries already committed, by obliterating the sum drawn for by the original bill, and substituting one of much higher amount, the genuine signature remaining, will be soon submitted to the verdict of a court of law. The question is one of the deepest in terest to both parties. In the mean time we most earnestly recommend the subject to the serious attention of all those whose pursuits may lead them to the discovery of some means of putting a stop, if possible, to a species of fraud, the most mischievous in itself and fatal in its operation, to which the confiding security of human intercourse has ever yet been exposed. PROVINCIAL JOURNALS. [From the Dublin Correspondent.] THE REFORMATION—MIL COBBET'r —THE PRE LATES OF THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND. [Pala VII.] That portion of the public Press which es• pouses the cause of the Roman Catholics, uniformly employs the language of vituperation and offence whenever the Church of England, its property, or its ministers, happens to be subject of an animadversion. The Protestants of Ireland do not suffer those things to escape them ; and they rarely fail to draw just inferences from the multitude of' examples of this sort, which are perpetually apprising them of the grand attack which is me ditated against their religion. If the observations of the press were the only indications extant of enmity to the Established Church, they would not deserve any notice—they could be ac, counted for upon many grounds, more likely to excite contempt than resentment. But appearing in times like the pre sent, when the title of the Protestant Church to existence is challenged—when one Roman Catholic Prelate brands her as " the mother of iniquity" —when another reproaches her Dignitaries with want of clerical ordination, and of any claim to either the ministry of the gospel, or the enjoy ment of their property, when another refers to her unauthorised usurpations, as calling for the miraculous manifestations of the divine favour to console the Church of Rome in its humi lity—when a dominant overbearing spirit is abroad, polemical in every sense, and impatient to disown the little compromises of its hostility and hatred ; in such times and circumstances, the language of this part of the Press, to which allusion has been made, must be taken as one of the units in the aggreg a tion of force whi c h i s d rawn out against the Established Church in particular, and Protestantism in general. We must agree with a contemporary Journal in the reality of that interne feel ing, and ardent sensibility, which prevail throughout the Em pire upon the subject of religion, and which away with over ruling influence the members of the Churches of England and Rome especially ; for, indeed, if there were no other reason, the denunciation fulminated against the former by Mr. Cobbett would be sufficient almost to account for the troubled and ex cited sensation which prevades the entire mass of British So ciety. The public advice given to annihilate the Protestant Church in Ireland, as a iece of essential policy, may we ll ac _ count for sonic share of the feeli ng w hi c h at p resent s h ews itself p so portentously. We cannot agree with our contemporary in any other respect; and we marvel much that the reproachful lan guage employed in derogation of the Ministers of the Church of Ireland, should be, conceived by our contemporary to be one of the medicaments forassuaging the feverish antipathies of sects, or one of the emolietits far the malady, the depth and extent of which he testifies with so much ingenuousness and candour. It is now th e f as hi on to assert, that the property of the Church was conferred for masses and various devotional acts, which are not observed by the Church of England, and that therefore this Church has no title to her possessions. in the first place; it is not true that this is the origion of the manner in which the Church became a kOprietary--in the next place, if it were, the deduction isa fallacy. The largest endowments of the Church were made before the ritual of the Church of Rome had exist .ence—before political ingenuity adjusted the discipline and practice of that Church, in the manner and most likely to ex tend its temporal authority and power. The Syrian Christian Churches, which Vasco d e G ame di scovered in Malabar in 1503, and which had then existed for thirteen hundred years under a succession of Bishops appointed by the Patriarch of Antioch, retained some of the fundamentals of the original Church, which the Church of Rome laid aside, and the revival of which, since the Reformation., she has con demned as heresy. The Portuguese, on their arrival, says Dr. Claudieus Buchannan, " were agreeably Bur prised to find upwards of a hundred Christian churches then on the coast of Malabar. But when they became ac. quaintest with the purity and simplicity of' their worship, they were offended. c 'These churches,' said the Portuguese, be long to the Pope.' Who is the Pope ?' said the natives we never he ar d o f hi m. ' The European Priest were yet mol e alarmed, when they found that these Hindoo Christains main tained the order and discipline of a regular Church under Episcopal jurisdiction; and that, for 1,300 years past, they had enjoyed a succession of Bishops appointed by the Patriarch of Antioch. We,' said they, are of the true faith, whatever you from the West may be ; fbr we come from the place where the followers of Christ were first called Christiana.'_.. When the power of' the Portuguese became sufficient for their purpose, they invaded some of those tranquil Churches, seized some of the Clergy, and devoted them to the death of heretics. Then the inhabitants heard, for the first time, that there was place called the I nqu i s i t i on ; and that its res had been lately lighted at Goa, near their own land," At a compulsory Synod, )r. Buchannan states, one hundred and fifty of th e Sy r i an Cl ergy appeared ; and whet were the 'charges brought against them by their intolerant and cruel ac cusers ? Let those who talk of the novelty of the Church of England and her tenets, mark them, and be silent. Those Bishops were accused of practices and opinions which they had maintained from a few years after the passion of our Saviour to the year 1503 —namely, " that they married wives ; that they owned but two Sacraments, Baptism and the Lord's Supper; that they neither invoked Saints, nor worshipped images, nor believed in purgatory, &c." The spirit of to-day in Ireland is what it was in Portugal in 1503 ; but it cannot prevail, we should hope, here, as it did on the coast of Malabar, when the Inquisition was ascendant, and overcast th e p ure an d genuine Churches of Ch r i st with its dark and dreadful terrors.— The Clergy of the Church of England are told that they are to stand mute while they possess the goods which Elo not belong to them—" the goods the Clods provide them" is the admonitory phrase. They are permitted perhaps to quake in silence, while the insolent clamour of a lying hosti lity is thundering in their cars ; they are admonished to lick the hand just raised for their spoliation, in meek and humble deference —and they are vigorously upbraided for daring to manifest, even in the compromising way, their sense of their danger—and the impending contest is generally expressed with the feelings and sentiments of human beings. One of the strongest Journals any where in its zeal for the Roman Catho. lic claims, rails at the Protestant Prelates for chewing some slight indications of their opinions at the enorthous lies:circu lated concerning their properties, and the innumerable mis representations o f t h emse l ves and of their Church ; while the hunger And cupidity of fatiaticisin and c i v il rapine are enlarged front the kennel, and hallooed against them. Let the Protes tant Prelates shape their course by this ignominious and das tardly counsel—let them tremble in silence while they are hunting clown with the full cry of calumny —let them be re creant to the example which their Noble Army of Martyrs have bequeathed thern—let them palpitate, not for thei r goodsfaith, but fa r " the goods the Gods provide them,"--and they will be trampled under foot, we tell them—and none will say, God save them. lint let them he really that, for which they are undemervedly, reproached—Act them faint not in the glorious task assigned them—let them b e i n the van of, e eembatants, at their predecessors of old Powerful, and i n d efatigable. .14et them were --and their followers will b e numerous enough for victory, faithfid, not tear to visit their- dioceses, to instruct them boldly in their conscientious teak, to keep their Clergy firm, encouraged, and etedfast in their zeal, and their lay flocks religiously warm :et! in the noble cease for which their forefathers obtained the palms of holy triumph, anti the living laurel of liberty —and they will be supported ; there will be no want of learning and talent, and reason, and constancy to sustain the mighty cause of the Church, when her Prelates act their parts. The world is too quick-31014A now for - compromises, every day men are destroyed in public character by their hot an d cold fits. On ce for all, then, let m e n take their parts, as a celebrated Barrister advises his " Catholic" friends. And of all things we would humbly say to our revered Prelates, that they shoul d avoid the pestiferous liberality, which, like the narcotic poison, numbs and paralyses, and causes such as imibe it to think themselves sound, when they are only insensible. b Let them look with calm and serene composure upon all the worshippers of thatdebauch• ins phantom called popularity, which intoxicates even wiseand l men sometimes—for its false and faithless rewards are only bestowed on those who act as if they had no principle.• but such as a Roman Catholic junta may sanction. Let our , Prelates not deport themselves as if they held their power and their property tortiously from others--let them assert themselves with mild and manly constancy in all things becoming their, holy and pre-eminent functions, and they will gather around them, at this eventful period, thousands upon th ousa nds, *ha • are up to th e cr i s i s , and courageous enough to grapple with the litter of abo m i nat i ons w i th which it is pregnant. England must soon wake to th ese things which are passing —and which, should they. run to th e i r probable extremity, w ou ld s h a k e t h e U n i t ed hmgdom to its fotindations, and rend it into its primitive dis tinctions of territory, and consign its parts to relentless alai pathies. THE WEATHER. The following is an Extract from a Meteoro logical Journal for September 1823, kept at the Observatory of the Academy (Dr. BURNEY'S)y Gosport : " s month has been calm and dry, much briht sun. , shine ; h it it has en a bl e d t h ose that were late with with their ha g rvest ter get in their corn and fruits in excellent condition ; and after so ungenial a summer, it must be acknowledged to have been sa most Providential period, as all will participate In Its unex pected benefits. Only half an inch of rain fell hem up to the 29th instant; but on the following day 1 1-sth inch fell, se-- companied by a considerable depression of the mercury in the barometer. Some few heavy thunder showers passed over dis ferent counties the latter part of the month, but none coached: upon this. " The mean pressure this month is the highest of any this year. The mean temperature of the air is nearly equal to that of September, 1822, and within one-sixth of a degree of the mean of that month for the last eight years. The temperature of spring water has this month reached its maximum height for the year, and is now at a stand ; and as the earth will be cooled by the heavy rain on the 30th, and the sun making a progress in South delination, it will therefore begin to decrease. " The winds for the most part om the taide of the meridian and at the latt er have blown part of th e month w Eas e had , two or three slight hoar frosts, which were brought on by cold northerly winds. " The mean result of the hygrometer proves that the air has been considerably drier this than the two preceding months: the evaporation, however, is not ao great this month, because the Sun's rays had not so much power in raising moisture from the earth's surface. " The equinoctial gales were f e lt h ere f or two days before the Autumnal Equinox, or the time of the Sun's entering into the sign Libra, and came on aga i n w i t h additional force at the end of the month from over the Atlantic ocean. " Daring the last fortnight the swallows have congregated daily in this neighbourhood, and, with the exception of a. few young ones, have now taken their departure for a warmer cli making their stay here twenty-three weeks. " The atmospheric and meteoric phamornena that have eome within our observation this month, are, one parhelion in the morning of the 14th, one paraselene in the evening of the 16th,, one solar and two lunar halos, seven meteors, lightning in the evening of the 14th in the strong moonlight, and four gales of wind, or days on whi c h t h ey h ave prevailed, namely one from N.W. and three from S.W. " Evaporation for the month, 2,600 inches; rain in the three feet viatneter, near the ground 4,720 i nches, ditto in ditto, twenty 4 high, 1,615 inches. METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL. BY R. BANCKS. PHILOSOPHICAL INITRUMRNT MAXIM. Thertiou. meter. ~~'tathrr. I _____-. 1 ..............._ w ' ID Z g 4 w B: . og I z ?• di 4 ?lii ?%,..711 CI at a 2 '. 4 ..1:: IC,To . . ' r . 4 Vr• • :, r. •41 •••• ' :.' • .." 1 . . . . Oct • I :4 5 ° 4 :7 98 . .79 I ne t() Rain ' nig I 4.i 148 37 49.43 Fair Da. 3 49 155 47 .89 .08 Do. Rain. 4 49 3; 45 I 30.05 I Do. I Fair Do Cloudy 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 : '. 5 54 4 99 . .4 1 9 5 .10 Rain ' Do. 7 36 67 45 30.00 Fail Fair 8 54 157 48 .13 I 1)0. Do. le above eii if rain bar, 'r fallen is ii. 11. COAL-MARKET, Ocr, 14. Ships at Siarket. Ships sold 111 Newcastle - Ifif 11 Sunderland - 11 Prior. 3fis fki to 4ds 611 37s 6d to 46 3d COURSE OF EXCIIANGE, 0 1cober 10- A aisle, da t o it 10 C. F. Ditto, at Sight lt Rotterdam 151 II Antwerp 12 9 Hamburg!) 3B 2 'if Ert Alton* Paris, 3 Day's sight. Ditto . 4J: 90 0 Us. Rourdeaux, ditt o Frankfort on th e M 26 10 1 e, ain Madrid Cadiz .. 36 FlTrsti vr [lithos& 3.5 Effective 36 Effective Ilareelona 354 :1 Oihraltat 3 Leghorn Get.oa Ital. Lir ftt 10 Malta 45 -Naples 3Bi Palermo 116 per Ot. Lisbon 53 Oporto 524 ItioJarteiro 49 Onblin .••• 9i Corlt (1 4 pet Cent. BULLION. Portugal Gold, in Coin / .0 0 per Oa. Foreign Gold, its Bars 3 17 New Doubloons ••.. 0 0 0 New Doi lari 0 4 Silver in M frs . St an d ard 4 11 BIRTHS. At Guernsey, on the 24th uh., the Lady of the Deputy Com mlssary-General Carey, of a son. At Cheltenham, on the 4th instant, the Lady of Lieut.- Colonel E. C. Fleming, of a son. On Wednesday, at Weymouth, the Lady of J. Quicke, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. On Thursday, the 9th instant, at St. Pancras Church, James Moyes, Esq., of Doughty-street, to Ilannah Page, second daughter of Benjamin Oakley, Esq., of Tavistock.place. On Thursday, the 9th instant, at Cann Church, ShaftesburY, Dorsetshire, the Rev. John Horsley Dakins, domestic Chap lain to his Royal Highness the Duke of York, to Sopb , 111 Matilda Caroline Mansel, youngest daughter of the late Lord Bishop off ristol, and Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. - DIED. On Sund ay, the s thinstant, at Major. Genera - Simons', Catharine..hill.lumse, near ! Worcester, Rosa Mary, aged four years, second daughter of Mr. George Soanes, Laurence Praia* ney-hill. On the Bth inst. at Hadley, of a rapid decline, aged 14, Einma, you ngest daughter of the late Mr. Letterman, of Aye Maria -lane. On the 7th instant, Mr. Thomas Edmonds, many Yeat s proprietor of' the White Hart Hotel, Margate, aged 87, sin cerely regretted by his family and a numerous circle of Maids. At Bognor, on Sunday, the 28th ult., in consequence of his horse falling with him the prectAing day, though no dangeroul symptoms present-A themselves at the time, Mr. Charles East I'Valltden, of the Royal Hotel, Bognor, aged 46. On Thutsday, the 9th instant, at Bury St. Edmund's, Mart Ann, only child of Mr. B. S. Houghton, of Cheapside. On the! fith instant, Joseph Dawson, Esq., of Royirs-hall" near Bradford. Punted and Published for 'ls..4e Thi.....-;ILI;;;OR11,.st tht $y Orrua, 112, Strand, by J.