The Sun. — London, England, 1846-09-14 00:00:00

/ on no . COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT. (PROM OCR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) COWES, SEPT. 11. R OYAL YACHT SQUADRON INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. g. S EPT• 5. Zephyretta schooner, Henry Hope, Esq., from Nrre ; Whim cutte r , Charles Brett, Esq., from Plymouth ; fYwern schooner Duke of Marlborough, from Scotland and Plouth last; Charlotte cutter, Hon. Wm. White Hedges , era Guernsey and Cherbourg ; Lupa cutter, Lord John Scott, .eni the westward • Stormfinch cutter, Lieut.-Col. Bowers, from the western ports.' 9 . Brilliant schooner, G. H. Acker:, Esq., from Plymouth. 80 1.0. Ad e l aide cutter, Sir Robert Gore Booth, Bart., from Il thampton, and sailed for Plymouth and Kingstown. SAJLINGS. S8 - I 'T. 4. Gulnare lugger, W. Peareth, Esq., for Sandgate. 6 . Flirt schooner, Sir B. R. Graham, Bart., fk,r the west orm ports. Pearl cutter, Marquis of Anglesey. for London ; Zephy %tta schoon er , Henry Hope, Esq.. for Portsmouth , to lay up; Cam illa schooner, Thomas Hallifax, jun., Esq., for Gravesend. i , ~„'. Stormfin c h cu tt er , Lieut.-Col. Bowers, for Weymouth, :44 other ports; Albatross yawl, Sir Wm. Gallaney, Bart., lot:Cowes H ar b our, t o l ay u p. i n tl. Emerald cutter, J. L. Symonds, Esq., Cowes Harbo ur, u P. YACHTS AT AND ABOUT THE STATION. oc hooners—Brilliant, Maud, Gem, Fair Rosamond, Wy "ern, Magi c . e C utters—Ch ar l o tt e , Sea. Flower, Whim, Forest - fly , Eliza ttb, Amazon, Witch, St. Margaret, Turquoise, Spider, atratlet, Aurora, Adelaide. p awls —Duchess, Susan. FASHIONABLE DTTELLIGENCE. rier Maj es t y an d th e C our t w ill l e ave Osborne House on ji tiesEl ay next, on their return to Windsor Castle. The Court eXPected back for a short sojourn early in November. The wing to Osborne House is to be occupied by her Ma get °n Mond a y nex t, and great exertions are being used to i .r. ll e building ready for her reception. ey ' llB Royal Highness Prince Albert proceeded yesterday u e ning from Osborne House, in the Fairy, to Southampton, _v attend the meeting of the British Association tor the Ad vateetrient of Science. EPArtzuhEs.—The Marquis of Anglesey and family from ewes(l4,7Castle, on Monday; Lord Cadogan and family, this }3:,.; from Adelaide Villa, for Jersey ; Sir Ralph Howard, - Lb , and family, from Gothic Villa, for Berkeley-square. Dais, Farnham. from Beach Villa ; Lady e's, at the Pavilion ; Lady Ashbrook, at \Vhite Rose °u se; Mr. Mullins, at Gothic Hall. 10The Bishop of Jamaica has taken the ith cottage ; Mr. q &rle, Beach Villa. to T he following fashionables are residing here :—Lady Wil tn, at Grov e House ; Lord Faversham, at Prospect House ; ir at L 3e llingham Graham, at Grantham House; Lady Baynes, si r "-)a-Vie w House ; Sir Edward Paget, at Egypt House ; St , 1 1 1 . Heathcote, at the 9th cottage ; the Hon. Mrs. Fleming, B edford, sth cottage Mr. Powell, at Oak-hill House; Mrs. zuford, at Beach Cottage; the Rev. Mr. Clever, on the / I‘A ath Parade ; Sir George Dashwood, at ditto ; Mr. White 'nea, at York House; the Marquis of Blandford, at Park ett age. - T or Majesty's ship Ajax, formerly a 74, one of the "Forty ' N 'es," has so far progressed in her conversion to a steam trd-shi p, t h at s h e w ill b e u ndocked next spring tides from th srs. T. and J. White's. On Saturday last the Surveyor of N ay.Y Sir W. Symonds, minutely inspected her, and ex pressedh s hi mse l f h i gh l y sat i s fi e d w ith the work done to Z:r The inventor of the screw propeller, Mr. Smith, has C Paid his official visit to this ship. The following is to be er future armament :—On the quarter-deck three heavy guns,. l uo tn elY, one si-pounder, of 85 cwt., and two 8-inch shell e l . . t ara, of 65 cwt. ; on the forecastle, one 56-pounder, of 85 on upper deck, twenty-six 32-pounof 4 ders, of 42 cwt., and `ue lower deck an equal number 2- pounders, of 66 eVrt. each. kesThere are two fine brigs building in the front yard of the t , t era• White, which will be launched this month, one th e lthe John Wesley, for a missionary ship, and the other A u b arY, destined for the Mauritius trade, belonging to Mr. rts, of Liverpool. Th THE MODERN OttLANDO. bThe follo w i ng s k e t c h es of political leaders are quoted roT t his new poem, where they are introduced as the t r a , v e u musings of that eccentric nobleman, the late dle3. LORD BROUGHAM. irl hate all characters in leading-strings Br—gh—rn's vigour, tersenes_ ,s vehemence, ehen his fierce jests around the House he flings ; rovided always—not at my expense), hurricane of words, shrewd wit, and bile intense. 414 LORD JOHN RUSSELL. ae k R—ss—ll charms me, with his quiet a i r , 44 is simple phrase, and purpose undesiyn'd ; "month without langour, polished without glare; Peeling his way, until his coil is twined; Then, darting all his meaning on the mind ! - ; ll,ll l—rst's is peerage-language—proud and bold ; 4 et nowt proud howe'er the tongue, the lhd) eart is kind; A , and the tale shall yet be to 4 , heart unstain'd by power—a tongue unsway'd by gold. u LORD MELBOURNE. .kt u .?„ 3 . 1 -Ib—rne pleasantest of pleasant men! v vithout an enemy, though born a wit. w hat caged thy pinion in the treasury den, In Fashion's gayest sunshine formed to flit? Apollo saved thee from the fate of Pitt 13 ,1 1 x months more, thou would'st have spoil'd thy style, Grown stutesmanish, and never made a hit ; A 41 _a3', pa r t e d w ith (if possible) thy smile, ` - ' 1 : 1 slept in state, and stone, in Westminster's old pile. LORD MORPETH. I) e,ar M —p—h, in thy world of ormolu, oleeping on rose-leaves, fed on turtle-soup; The beau -ideal of Life's chosen tew 1' ‘`, hat demon toss'd thee upon C--bd—n's troupe? Thou Cavalier among that Roundhead troop ! Take alay advice, and s l ee p o n r o se •leaves still ; Play Cleopatra on thy gilded poop ; • Breathe odours, toy with pencil, string, and quill, But cut (without delay) the Cyclops of the Mill ! T hen LO RD STANLEY AND THE DUKE. , yet brig Solid a S im Pause ; then follows— St—nl—y's clever; -111 --a diamond-facet mind. I t - dim —ad talks gallantly. Y oung G r — y f or ever .14 orgetting (always) that we have not dined. _ T he Duke! n ot Ti me itsel f t h at g l anc e can blind, Far-sighted in debate as in the field; _ Still en avant ; he scorns to look behind _ , 11 3' Genius, Fame, and Fortune, triple-steel'd, x.v'n w h e n repulsed at last, unknowing how to yield.' " RAILWAY RETURNS. Week ending Last week. S e IA . ..... 1 ?li 5 5 i re ; . i 5 ii 5 692 7,736 - - - Item, . vt , 'yr AY TRAFFIC.—The following are the Total Recei p ts of Rail kir for the past week—that is to say, up to the date to which the o ? „. l l.tive returns are made, together with the receipts of t he same the previous year : 21.4 T., . O bU U. 5 1,124 565 6,194 NAME OF RAILWAY. Arbroath and Forfar •••••••• • • • • • •• Bristol and Birmingham . • • • • • • • • • • • • Chester and Birkenhead . • • • • • • • • • • • • Dublin and Drogheda• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Dublin and Kingstown •• • • • • • • •• • • " Dundee and Arbroath . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • Durham and Sunderland . • • • • • • •• • • • • Edinburgh and Glasgow . •• • ..... • Eastern Counties and North Eastern • • East ern Union . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr • • • • • • Glasgow and Greenock • • • • ••• • • • • • • Gravesend and Rochester.... Great Western . • • • • • • • ..... • • • • • • • • Hartlepool • • • • • • ..... • ' • . Loudon and North Western, &c ..... London and Blackwall• • • • • • • • • • • • • • London and Brighton . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Loudoa and Croydon . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • London and South Western . • • • • • • • • Manchester, Bolton, and Bury • • • • • • Manchester and Birmingham • • • • • • • • Islanchester, Leeds, and Hull Assoc• • Midland Counties . • .. Newcastle and Darlington • • • • • • • • • • Newcastle and Carlisle . • • • • • • • • • • • • • Newcastle and North Shields. • • . •• • • Norfolk ••• • .. North British .. • • • ..... • • • • • • • • • • • • North Union and Bolton and Preston Paris, Corbeil, and 0r1ean5...... Paris and Rouen. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Preston and Wyre . • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • •• Liheftield and Manchester • . • • • • • • • • • • South Eastern.... • • .......... • • .• • . South Davon • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Taff Vale .. Ulster. • • • • .. " York and North Midland 953 1,446 47, 4,486 9,637 '424 3,006 1,216 336 21,940 643 47,099 1,431 10,696 8,599 1,350 8,333 21,078 3,326 2,146 855 954 1,264 340 534 3,276 6,056 1,705 2,013 2,676 1,149 324 19,516 70 1,276 8,344 1,375 B,BGB 1,146 8,604 18,262 3,005 1,823 598 1,258 7,952 938 2,036 12,0;8 1,144 1,325 1,449 8,046 ~,SUDD Z N DEATH.-011 eubesuay morning last L i te. Chapman, linendraper, of Seymour-street, Somers -1", who had. been to make some inquiries at the Lon 'c vv o o and Birmin g ham Railway station as to the time of starting of the trains, by which he had intended to pro coed into the country, had scarcely re-entered his own door, when he was seized with sudden illness, and died in 4 few minutes, leaving a widow and seven children. ROY AL SOCIETY OF Arrs.--Thursday this insti tution, in John -street, Adelphi, was closed, in order that Some repairs may be effected in the building, and nu time s been appointed for its re-opening. TAE WELLINGTON STATUE.—Wednesday evening 4 ,,t high-water , a Government barge from the R o y al Arsenal, at Woolwich, was moored at Grosvenor-wharf, t)lilbank, where there is a powerful crane, having on card the leviathan carriage which has been purposely ; l ade to convey the statue of the Duke of Wellington fr om the artist's to its place of destination. The car riage has exc ited a greist deal of curiosity. It weighs about sixteen tons, and is made of iron. The wheels are reive feet high, beautifully cast, but with every atten lco paid to strength. KINDNESS OF HER ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUCHESS 131 ? ZCENT.—A few days since, on the morning of the day „ e 3d battalion of the Grenadier Guar ds le ft Windsor f or the Tower, the wife of a sergeant, named Robinson, 1411 an infant six weeks old, was thrown from one of t ' he bagg age wagg ons, as it was proceeding from Windsor I 0 Lo n d on . Th e inf a nt was unfortunately killed , and te Woman so seriously injured tha t she was conve y ed t tu 0 the Hope Inn, at Frogmore, near to which the unfor tunate accident occurred, where she wa s com p elled to r emain for several days. Intimation of the lamentable 4..,ecurrence having reached the Duchess of Kent, her - x t e Yal Highness immediately sent Lady Couper to Mr. the proprietor of the Hope Inn, with instructions that the poor woman was to have every necessary conl- fort and accommodation provided for her at the Duchess s "Dense, so long as she might be compelled to remain, and that the professional services of Mr. Holderness, tirgeon, of Windsor, would also be defrayed by her .V. o yal Highness. Mr. Tebbott, undertaker , of Windsor, ' l htewise received instructions to conduct the f u neral of t he, deceased child, the expense of which was defrayed b y '"e Duchess. The remuneration made to each party by k° ,,natnand of her Royal Highness, through the med ium ' 3 ' Lady Couper, was extremely liberal. The poor °roan, who has since been enabled to leave Frogmore ‘° loin her husband at the Tower, has expressed herself ow e ePly grateful for the kind benevolence manifested Lards her by the Duchess of Kent. • Clizss.—A match of chess is now goinc , on between tafsrs. Staunton and M. Harrwitz, two of the most cele ated chessmen in Europe. The match excites much i nterest among the chess-playing world. DISEASE AMONG PIGEONS.—In the course of the • last fortnight a great number of pigeons about London, 2Peoially on the Surrey side of the water, have died " win I )4 Pligr &Me. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 14, 1846. EDINBURGH REGISTRATION - _ The Registration Court for the city has now ter minated its sittings after an unusually protracted sede runt of ten days. The following is the result: — Claims lodged for persons in the Liberal interest 1,223 Of which there were withdrawn, having been lodged in duplicate Leaving to be disposed of by the court 1,202 Of these there were rejccted Admitted Claims lodged for Conservatives Of which there were rejected Admitted - 194 Claims lodged for persons in the interest of Sir Culling Eardley Smith, Bart 370 Of which there were withdrawn and rejected . Admitted - 313 Claims lolged by persons whose politics have not been ascertained l2O Of which there were rejected Admitted - 91 Total claims admitted . Since last registration there have been disqualified by removal, death, sale of property, &c., now expunged from tho register— (l) Liberals 312 Of whom in the interest of Sir C. E Smith (in the proportion of the num bers polled at the recent election) lO4 (2) Conservatives l7B Of whom in the interest of Sir C. E Smith, in the above proportion 59 - 119 (3) Persons in the interest of Sir C. E. Smith Total number struck off the register - 490 Increase on the register ABSTRACT. Liberals admitted on the register Liberals expunged from the register Increase of Liberals in the interest of the present Members for the city • Conservatives admitted Conservatives tlxpunged 1,205 1,097 208 Increase of eon - servatives -- Supporters of Sir C. E. Smith admitted 313 Supporters of Sir CE. Smith expunged 163 Increase Admitted claims of parties whose politics have not been ascertained Total increase on the register, as before 1,205 Graham Speirs, Esq., Sheriff of the County, officiated as registering sheriff. Agent for the Liberal party — John Jopp. Esq., W.S. Agent for the Conservative party—Thomas Landale, Esq., S.S.C. Agent for the supporters of Sir C. E. Smith—Donald Beith, Esq., writer.—Caledonian Mercury. NEW MEXICO. (From the Matamoras Flag.) The territory of New Mexico lies north of the 26th parallel of latitude, and its greatest length from north to south is 700 miles ; from east to west, its boundary has never been circumscribed within the limits of certainty. Its geographical position is remarkably singular ; the Rio Grande passes through it nearly in a central line from north to south. Its whole entire surface is a suc cession of mountains rising in majestic splendour to that giddy height where even the cedar and pine can retain no foothold, their conic heads covered with the white veil of perpetual snow. The inhabitants live in the deep valleys, and upon the margin of the Rio Grande. Villages on the river are situated in its diffe rent bends, where a sufficiency of bottom lands are left for the purpose of agriculture. The greatest extent oc cupied by settlements is three hundred miles in length and one hundred in width ; the population, taken col lectively, is about fifty thousand. The first village in the north is El Pueblo de Taos, which gives name to the valley in which it is situated. The original inhabitants are Indians, and known by the name of Pueblos. They were in poesession of this country when the Spaniards first visited Mexico, and they have remained until the present time. When the Spaniards extended their dominion over this Indian country, by the aid of Gospel missionaries, they found those Pueblo Indians friendly, honest, and industrious, brave and confiding ; endowed with great natural good sense—neighbours to be conciliated but not subdued. The Pueblo of Taos is immediately at the foot of the a est side of the first ridge of the Rocky Mountains. There is a small stream that issues from a ravine, flows out into a valley and eventually mixes its waters with the Rio Grande, which separates the two departments. The village possesses much singularity, combining great strength with the boldest conception in the architecture, enjey leg the most complete utility in its honey-comb formation. The village is formed of two distinct de partments, the rivulet dividing it in the centre. This, at first sight, might not seem to have particular design. The buildings are exactly similar. The first, or base ment story, i:ccupies a large area ; upon this is reared another story, being smaller than the first by ten feet— t itch successive story falling off in the same ratio, until the pagoda becomes nine stories high. In the base ment story there are no doors, the entrance being through a round hole in the offset which forms the roof ; a pole being planted in the aperture, with a ladder ,atached, by which they ascend and descend. The buildings resemble pyramids, only being square. In the formation of this village an equal number of the heads of families divided themselves off and laid two foundations precisely similar, and reared upon them two equal structures. What a field was here for emulation I what barriers to an assailing enernv I As their genera tions grew up, the youth from both sides would meet and in manly sport endeavour to excel. The great patron !aint of the %illage is Saint Jerome; they having adopted the Catholic eligion, through the powerful influence of missionaries from old Spain. The day of St. Jerome is celebrated by selecting thirty of the choicest youths from each side of the stream, to compete with one an other in manly sports. A race course is cleared out in front of the village, four hundred yards in length, and wide erough for two to run abreast. An equal number of the old men of each village are chosen to prepare the lists and mar-hal the competitors. Nothing can be so animating and siellsstirring to the beholder as to view those sixty champions in all the pride of nature, adorned with the simplest arts and yet so appropriate. In making selections for the lists, the pride and boast of the villages are brought out, all are chieftains of the greatest note. The honour of their ancient houses is staiced upon them; their own fair fame is entrusted to the race, and their feats are viewed by the " fairest of the fair." The houses present one vast pyramid of human beings —all the woman from the adjoining villages coming to witness this annual festival. About eleven o'clock the signal is given and the race commences. At each end of the track stand thirty runners, fifteen on a side ; as one starts from one end, another from the opposite party starts from the other, and the first thirty that run through, are considered as having gained the laurels of the day. They then form a grand procession, and in wild chorus of song surround the buildings, from which in great profusion is showered upon them varieties of fruits and cakes, the crowd of spectators mixing in a jeyful scramble. The morning feats having passed off, the evening's interlude commences. Between these two heaven reared towers stands a tall, slender pole of na tive pine, the bark peeled off and the polished surface greased. Oa the top of the pole is framed a cross, upon which arc hung baskets of fruits and festoons, ingeni ously woven, of sweet cakes, flowers and emblematical devices pictured with silver dollars suspended by wires ; and to crown the rich offering upon the very top of the pole stands an aged and respectable ram, fast pinioned to the place. A large crowd has gathered round to witness the rustic scene, which is announced by the merry peals of music and the loud piercing screams oft he scaling squadrons, as they come rushing to the trial. The pole is to be scaled, the treasure is to be lowered, the lists are open, the world may enter. Here then may be seen the resources and ingenuity of nature's children. The prize would seem totally beyond their reach, yet their minds once bent upon the attainment of the object, they make of their bodies ladders, hoops, chains, leaning pyramids, until at last some daring spirit reaches the suspended treasure. As the evening shades prevail, the festivity commences within doors, where the victors of the day are rewarded by the maidens of their choice. The sole object of the separate villagers is to excel in all they under take in common. In their agricultural pursuits the same emulation exists ; when they go into battle what desperate teats of bravery will they not attempt, to wear the vic tor's crown. Indissoluble bonds of friendship bind them togethr r, and they have ever been the white man's friend. Their honesty and industry is proverbial, and well culti vated fields and well stocked farms give token of much thrift and independence. They are strict observers of the Catholic faith, the priests being allowed to live in their villages. If it had not been for these Indians New ylcxico would long since have been overrun by the sur roun(ing Indian tribes. They do not make war a trade, but their bravery is unequalled in the redress of injuries. Santa Fe is the capital of New M exico. It is a small and inconsiderable village, in its most prosperous days never having had a population of more than 2,000, and it is now upon the decline. It is situated twenty miles from the Rio Grande, upon the east side. It is owing to an ex tensive commerce with the State of Missouri and the gold mines in the vicinity, that has given Santa Fe a name abroad. From Soda Fe a large wag gon-road winds around through the valleys, and emerges out into the plains before reaching Red River. Through the mountains to San Miguel or el Bado it is fifty miles. San Miguel is situated upon a small creek or river, called Pecas River, which takes its rise within fifteen miles of Santa Fe, and after running six hundred miles falls into the Rio Grande. About half-way between Santa Fe and San Miguel, is the celebrated Press village, being of the same tribe that has been described, but claiming a more ancient origin. They have no records, hut are governed by oral traditions. They observe the Catholic faith, but strange to tell, they say they are waiting the return of their great King, who promised them that he would return in due season, and from time immemo rial they have preserved the same fire that was burn ing upon his departure. They describe him as their great King and Saviour, and they take it by turns in watching the fire, which is preserved in a deep well or cellar. The old and most decrepid are destined to the never-ending watch. In latter years great sick ness prevailed amongst them, and the village went to decay in consequence. They became fearful that it was some visitation, and about the year 1839, or 1840, they moved to the west side of the Rio Grande, to a small village called Jemas, about fifty miles from Santa Fe, where they carrie d the everlasting fire, to continue its . ominous blaze throug h all time. REPRESENTATION OF SOUTH LANCASHIRE. DINNER TO MR. W. BROWN, WARRINGTON, FRIDAY.—A public dinner was give n last night at the Nag Hotel in this town, to Mr. W. Brown, M P., iii celebration of his return as the re presentative of South Lancashire, and of the triumph of I free-trade principle=. The el air was occupied by W. Altcar, Esq., and there were present, besides the Hon. I Member, about one hundred tried friends of commercial I freedom. Among them were Mr. Thomas Bayley, jun., chairman of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, Mr, J. Stubbs, Mr. J. Hardy, &c., &c. The customary loyal toasts having been given, The CHAIRMAN gave the toast of the evening, The health of Mr. Brown," and warmly congratulated the county upon having a representative of such character and eminence in the mercantile world. Mr. BROWN, in rising to reply, was received with great applause. The Hon. Gentleman spoke as follows : I can hardly express to you, gentlemen, the pleasure I feel in meeting you on this °cession, to celebrate the triumph of truth over error. To our worthy chairman, who has spoken of me in so flattering a manner, and to you, gentlemen, for the response you have made to those remarks, I beg to return my grateful. my naturally grateful acknowledgments. It is true . I have had the honour of being your representative but for a very short period ; but short as is that period, it has been productive of, and as your representative I have taken part in, some most important events. Taking, indeed, the whole ses sion together, it has probably been one of the most re markable, perhaps the most eventful, which this country has ever witnessed.—(Loud cheers.) And to give a cursory resume of what has been done, I will commence, as it is meet I should, with the corn-laws. (Loud cheers.) From the supporting arch of these laws, early in the session, by the exertion of our friends, we wrenched the key-stone, and the result will be—if it has not already been—that the rotten fabric of monopoly will go down, stone by stone, until not one vestige of the hideous mass remains. —(Cheers.) To Mr. Cobden— (Vast applause) —to Mr. Bright—to Mr. Wilson— (Cheers)— and to other gentlemen —we owe, for this great work, a debt of gratitude which this nation, great as may be the desire, will, I think, never be in a position properly to repay. These were men who, unceasingly and with prodigality, lavished upon the cause all they possessed—mind, purse, and health ; and we have now met to celebrate and glory in the success which they achieved. —(Cheers.) These were the men who created the public opinion we have noticed; and public opinion in this, as in every other case, has proved omnipotent. That it was omnipotent who can doubt? It was the manifestation of this opinion which first induced Lord John Russell to write that marvellous and memorable letter of which you are all cognizant ; and it was that also which, later in the day, compelled the then Premier at last to be come a free -trader, to make the announcement which so greatly gratified us, and so greatly dismayed and con founded the protectionists.—(Hear, hear.) For both the letter and the action we are grateful ; and we will cheerfully admit that nothing could have induced Sir R. Peel to sacrifice place, power, and to throw overboard so many of his political friends, but the conscientious conviction that he was serving, and serving well, his country. Great cheering.) This country and pos terity am confident, do him ample justice ; for my o , I consider him one of the greatest bene factors to mankind.— (Cheers.) I have little doubt that he will be amused, as we all are, by that small section of the protectionist party which is left. I say it is a small section, and sincerely do I hope, for its own sake, that it may soon grow beautifully less.—(Laughter.) Still, however, do they retain the - hope of regaining their po sition, and their ground of renewed attack upon us will be that we have not at once created for them an El Dorado, that gold is not already to be picked up in the streets. We confess that in this, indeed, we have failed ; but let them exercise some common sense, and, calling to memory their knowledge of agriculture, not forget that it is usually necessary to sow the seed before reaping the harvest.—(Hear, hear.) Commerce is not a thing to be created in an hour. Give to it every facility, and, such, is its nature, it will still be the work of years, the labour of centuries.—(Hear, hear.) But we have not altogether failed ; if we can only manage to retain onr present ground and pre-eminent position, if we can only so extend and sustain this trade we pos sess, as to supply the wants, and afford all comforts to a rising population, then we will assert that free-trade has done a great deal.—(Cheers.) And though the ultimate and final benefit is not yet in sight, we are nevertheless already gaining many advantages from the free-trade movement. The Roman Pontiff has liberalised his tarifl ; the Two Sicilies have adopted the same wise policy ; the Emperor of Russia has given notice of some thing like an approximation ; and even in his dominions I hope we shall ere long see " a step in the right direc tion."—(Cheers.) And, more than all this, I as fully believe as I am sure that I exist, and that we are in this room, that it it had not been for the shadowing forth of free-trade principles in the United States before we saw free-trade become the law of this land—that, with such a bone of contention between us as the Oregon territory, if it had not been for free-trade being thrown like oil on the troubled waters—we should at this moment have been at war with America.—(Cheers.) Further, I am convinced, that if we had not indicated reciprocity, Mr. Walker would never have been able to have car ried his free-trade tariff.—(Hear, hear.) What would now have been our condition had free-trade failed ? Were the protectionists prepared to have had their taxes doubled? A great authority has given us a great maxim —that England can never again have a little war ; and if that be the fact, were the protectionists prepared to add, and to be responsible for adding, 200,000,000/. to our national debt?—(llear, hear) When we go to war we must fight in right earnest, and sincerity in that kind of game is very txpensive.—(Hear, hear.) They must have been prepared for all this, ready to sacrifice the blood and treasure of the country in a war which, in all probabilty, would leave us in the exact position from which we started.—(Hear, hear.) There can, therefore, in England, at least, be no very great regret at the dis appearance of the corn-laws. Next among the impor tant enactments of this session is the change in the sugar duties. I think that this change was equally im portant with the adoption of free trade in corn; it was important as the asseveration of a principle, as showing us that the present Government repudiate protection, that they repudiate all class legislation and all differen tial and prohibitive duties. The Government has laid down a broad and intelligible principle, and- has de clared its intention to pursue one path only, to im pose only duties necessary for the maintenance of the revenue.—(llear, hear.) This change in the sugar duities was, in my opinion, benefi c ial in two ways : fi rs t, as being the proper means of increasing the facilities of the people in purchasing what may be called a necessary of life ; and secondly,because I think it was the best means of adding to the revenue.—(Hear, hear.) The effect in this must be the same as in every other case. Look at the penny postage. There was a reduction of sd. on a letter, and yet the revenue derived from the charge of ld. a letter amounts nearly to what the revenue was when the charge was 6d. I might give you a dozen illustrations of the fact that low duties bring the greatest revenue I might point to the reduction in the coffee duties ; but the most prominent and the best known is in the instance of the penny postage. The great objection urged against the new sugar law, which you sent me to Parliament to vo'e for, was, that it might possibly, nay, was certain, to increase and extend the slave trade. That objection, as an objection of principle, is worth nothing. We admit American rice, American tobacco, American sugar, American cotton, and coffee from slave-labour countries; and why then take this exception, and exclude the sugars of the Brazils and of Spain, merely because they happen to be produced by the slave-labour which produces every one of those other articles.—(Hear, hear, and applause.) And as an objection of fact, I must say that I doubt if it is of value. A great change of opinion has recently taken place as to the best mode of putting down the slave trade. Many well thinking men, and many of the anti-slavery societies,_ have come to the rational conclusion that the good work is not to be accomplished by coercion. —(Hear, hear.) We have 56 sail of vessels of war on the African coast, all more or less employed in the suppression of this ne farious traffic ; they number 800 guns; they are manned by 9,000 seamen, at the cost of 700,0001., and at the sa crifice yearly of many hundreds of our fine fellows dead I or invalided.— (Hear, hear.) This is the cost of our humane attempt, and this attempt, I need not tell you, has hitherto proved a total abortion, a complete failure. Coercive measures will not do. What will do ? At an early period in my commercial life, when I resided at Baltimore, in the United States, I noticed that labour was very high—so high that the owners and captains of vessels found it their interest to resort to Ireland and to Holland, there to berth their vessels for passengers, with the statement that they were not on& willing to rt clive those who could, but also those who could not pay their passage, the latter class with the proviso that on arriving in the United States they would consent — labour being there so high—to sell their labour for one, two, or three years, thus to reimburse the ship. The plan succeeded; thousands of Europeans went out under the name of " redemptioners," and the result was, so much wa, free labour reduced, that the value of slave labour fell also, and the slaves became so cheap that they were sold to the southern states, where the price was higher.—(Hear, hear.) Now, it strikes me, that if a portion of this 700,0001. was applied to endeavouring to induce the hill-coolies, or others of the African races, to embark, free, as " redemptioners" in some of the colonies, the object we have in view, to deprive the slave trade of its profits, might be accomplished quite as cfrectaally, and certainly with as much humanity, as by the means we now adopt.—(Hear, hear, and applause.) I believe that the middle passage between Africa and the Brazils is more open than we have any idea of.— (Hear, hear.) I spoke, not long ago, with a Dutch gentleman, who had resided on the ceast of Africa fourteen years, and he states that he has seen a fleet of twenty-six sail of slave ships succeed in landing their cargoes without passing a single vessel of war. We are aided by the French vessels and others, and yet the col lected force, as this fact shows, is altogether insufficient for the purpose. The cruelties, as he gave me to under stand, practised upon the slaves are fearful; when they cannot be disposed of, they are put to death ; and I think it would be somewhat more humane if our 700,0001. were applied to carry ing them free to our West India colonies.—(Cheers.) At any rate, I don't think the new measure is calculated to increase the mischief. I may, before I have done with the corn-laws, mention a matter of some importance, Some three or four months ago, at a public meeting, I attempted to prophecy th a t a tree trade being adopted, so far from there being any danger of Europe overwhelming us with corn, my only fear was we would not have enough. I was jeered and laughed at at the time, but now it seems I was not far out. A gentle man of East Lothian, a protectionist, used, when he spoke in public, to tell the farmers, that if they lost protection they would be ruined, their fields would become sheep walks; and he added the usual commentary about the total destruction of British interests, British industry in general, and British landowners in particular.—(Hear.) Now, what do we find him doing? An estate, the other day, was put up for sale in East Lothian, and it was knocked down to this very gentleman at an enormous price, 2 i years' purchase.—(Hear, hear.) This is arguing one way and acting another, and I only men tion the fact to prove to you that I was a better prophet and somewhat more sincere in my assertion than this gentleman.—(Hear, hear.) During the abort time I have been) our representative, another question has oc cupied the careful attention of the House ; and I must confess, that on that question, I regretted being in a minority. I did regret that the minority was not a majority; but I am not sorry that I gave my vote as I did. I allude to the discussion on flogging in the army. —(Cheers.) I thought, and lam pretty confident lam right, that other modes of punishment might be adopted without in the slightest degree endangering the necessary discipline. Subsequently I found that the Duke of Wel lington, in the House of Lords, expressed a hope that he would live to see the day . when flogging, as a means of discipline, would be entirely abolished; and when I read the speech in which that sentiment occurred, I flattered myself that I had not done anything wrong in voting for the entire abolition of this disgraceful system. And now I may state the general views which I take, and according to which, as your representative, I will act. I, gentlemen, am for non-interference in religion.— (Cheers.) I think that every man has a right to worship the Author of his being i❑ that way which he considers best, and which his conscience dictates.—(Cheers.) I am also for non-interference in commerce further than is required for the purposes of revenue.—(Cheers.) I am for non-interference in the political squabbles and con tests of other nations.—(Hear, hear.) I think we have had enough of that at Madagascar and the River Plate; and, for the future, I trust it will be thought wiser to leave the people of the continent and the Americans to settle their own differences in their own way.—(Hear, hear.) The Quixotism which we once practised is not only absurd, but we cannot afford it—(Hear, hear)—we cannot afford to spend English money, and lavish English blood, when no advantage is to be gained; and so long as you honour me with your confidence, so long will I use my utmost exertions, fulfilling my responsible trust to preserve the peace, and thus best benefit our country. The Honourable Gentleman concluded amidst loud cheers. The health of Mr. Cobden (warmly received), of Mr. Thomas Bayley, of Mr. Stubbs, aid of several others pi esent were then drank, and the company separated. HEREFORD MUSICAL FESTIVAL HEREFORD, FRIDAY.---The attendance at the cathe dral yesterday morning was unprecedentedly numerous, the noble edifice being filled in every part. Among the company was a numerous attendance of the vice-presi dedts, vice-patrons, and stewards, with their ladies. The morning's selection of sacred music consisted of two gems of the first water, Mozart's " Requiem," and Spohr's Fall of Babylon." The introduction to these was Mendelssohn's overture to " St. Paul," which was ex quisitely rendered by the hand. The Requiem was, on the whole, very satisfactorily executed, though in parts there was a little falling off. Spohr's oratorio (which was dividad into two parts) followed, and was done ample justice to by the stars, instrumentalists, chorus, and all engaged in rendering this sublime composition. The whole of the music occupied five hours, the audience not having quitted the cathedral until past four o'clock in the afternoon. The collection at the doors of the cathedral for the benefit of the charity for the relief of clergymen's widows and orphans amounted to 2001., being a total already received for the charity of 5001. The evening concert at the shire hall was also well attended, and presented a brilliant contrast to the attendance of the previous evening. The concert opened with a selection from Weber's fairy opera of Oberon, the whole of which was almost without ex ception perfectly rendered s by the artists engaged in it. The brilliant overture with which the selection was introduced was played with a precision and unanimity of feeling on the part of the band which could not have been surpassed, and the wonder was, that with so small a band such beautiful effects could be produced. The first chorus, " Light as fairy foot," was rather faulty ; and in the scene "Yes, even love," Mr. Lockey seemed out of his element. The succeeding recitative and air, by Miss Birch, " Hush, gallant knight," was perfec tion itself ! The duet between Miss Birch and Miss Dolby was also beautifully and effectively given. Miss Dolby sang the song, " 0, Araby," in a style which drew forth the approbation of the whole room, which was re newed on the magnificent quartett, " Over the dark blue waters," being given by Miss Williams, Miss Dolby, Mr. Lockey, and Mr. Phillips. The splendid scena, " Ocean, thou mighty monster," by Miss Birch, thrilled through the whole audience. We have now pointed out the chief features in the fairy selection. The only thing which marred it was the rendering of the concluding chorus " Who would stay," which was out of tune. The second part of the concert consisted of a selection from the works of Beethoven, Donnizetti, Handel, and Hatton. The Misses Williams gave the elegant duet from the Semiranzide—" Serbami Ognor"— with great taste, and they were equally successful in their favourite duet, " We are two merry, gay laughing fairies," by Hatton. Miss Dolby was encored in Linley's popular ballad, " Thy spirit of love;" and Miss Birch sang to the air from Donizetti, " Linda di Chamouni," in a manner which the most critical critic could not quarrel with. Beethoven's symphony in C minor, was given by the band, perfectly. Mr. Phillips sung " The Husbandman," from the " Seasons" (Haydn), with good taste ; and the chorus preceding it, " Come gentle spring," was smoothly and effectively given. To-day there is, as usual in the provinces, a great popular desire to be present at the performance. of the " Messiah," which will be given entire, at the cathedral, and hun dreds are now flocking to the sacred edifice to listen to the inspired strains of the great composer. SERIOUS MAIL CART ACCIDENT.—On Friday whilst one of the General Post-office mail carts was waiting outside the branch post. office, at Morley's Hotel, Charing-cross, the h orse , a restless, spirited, and valuable animal, t oo k f r i g h t a t t h e sudden appearance of an immense advertising van. The animal proceeded at a furious pace round Trafalgar-square and Pall-mall East, and was not stopped till it reached the Haymarket, when it ran against an omnibus. The horse was stunned by the shock and the light gig attached to it smashed to pieces. In the progress of the afrighted animal several persons were knocked down and very seriously injured. ....NARROW ESCAPE.— On Friday afternoon a young man, in the service of Mr. Wright, a greengrocer, in Marsham-street, Westminster, took his master's horse and cart into the river at the Horseferry dock, Millbank, for the purpose of washing it. The young man allowed the horse to go out of its depth, when it began kicking and plunging in a fearful manner. The lad was thrown out of the cart, and sank, but rose again to the surface, when he was rescued from a watery grave by a water man. The poor animal was still struggling hard for life, but it could not get free from the cart, and was drowned. The escape of the young man may be con sidered almost miraculous. SUICIDE AT WATERLOO-BRlDGE.—Shortly after twelve o'clock on Thursday night, a man dressed in the garb of a foreigner precipitated himself from the parapet of Waterloo-bridge, and was drowned. He was observed by some females walking to and fro in a hurried manner, and suspecting from hia behaviour that he intended to commit suicide, they proceeded in search of a constable, but they had not gone many yards when they saw him climb over the parapet of the third recess from the Surrey side and plunge into the river. An alarm was instantly given, and the boats put off, but the body was nowhere to be seen. Drags were also used but without success. He had written on the parapet the following words—" I am a poor foreigner." CORONER'S INQUEST.--FATAL FALL.-011 Friday Mr. Wakley, M.P., held an inquest at the Elephant and Castle, Camden-town, on the body of John Roberts, aged forty-eight. It appeared that the deceased, who acted as occasional ostler at the Brecknock Arms, on the night of Tuesday week last, fell accidentally from a loft, a depth of eight feet, on to his head. For some days after he was seized with fits, and subsequently was removed to St. Pancras workhouse, where ex travasation of blood on the brain ensued, of which he died on Wednesday. Ver dict, " Accidental death." FINED FOR CONTEMPT OF THE CORONER'S COURT. —On Friday, at an inquest held at the Elephant and Castle, Camden Town, Mr. Tiffin, the summoning officer, reported to Mr. Wakley, that an egg-salesman, named John George Wickham, Pratt-street, had repeatedly re fused, though properly summoned, to serve in the Coroner's Court as juror. He did so again on Thursday evening, when summoned in the presence of a policeman to attend the present inquest, saying that he had more' important business to look after. Mr. Wakley swore Tiffin to the truth of the the statement, and said that he should not be discharging his duty towards the jurors who served, if he did not punish one who refused to do so in such an improper and contemptuous manner. He should fine him 405., and when the proper notice was served upon him, if he did not pay the fine, proceedings of a more serious nature would be taken against him. It was the first fine he had inflicted since his occupation of office, and he regretted that the aggravated circum stances of the case should compel him reluctantly to vin dicate by punishment a contempt of his Court. HORSE STEALING BY A RAILWAY S UB -C ONTRAC - T n s T e robbery hursda had Ythe police rece i ve d i nformation that an been c omm i tte d b y J ohn Dean, t Re.x—t extensive a railway sub-contractor, well known in the counties of Cambridge, Essex, Norfolk, and Sussex. From his sup posed responsible situation, he had no difficulty in bor rowing horses from various farmers for railway work, but at the termination of the engagement for the use of the horses, neither Dean nor the horses borrowed could be found. A reward is offered for his apprehension. ATTEMPTED SUICIDE AT LONDON-BRIDGE.—OH Friday, about six o'clock, as police-constable 30 M, was on duty on the Surrey side of London-bridge, he was informed that an old man was attempti ng t o d rown him self at the bottom of the boat step s near T oo l ey - street. the immediately st e ran p s i n to time the spot, and j ust got to t h e to prevent th e o ld man f rom sinking, as he had jumped in betw een t wo b oats. He obtained assistance, and convey e d hi m to the police station, when he gave his nam e Gilli nger, and stated bottom lTe ot ' that he was a pensioner. EXTENSIVE ROBBERY.—lnformation was received on Friday, of the robbery of a gentleman in Edinburgh, of the following bills and bank notes, viz., a 3001. bill, drawn on Messrs. Masterman and Co., seven days' sight; 2001. ditto, drawn on the same firm, seven days' sight, payable, Aug. 29, to J. Tandy, London ; a 100/. Bank 2 1 7 1, 6 93 ; 5 a ; 5 7 . sdoiof England note , issu ed at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, No. • a .50/. ditto, No. G G ; a 201. ditto, issued at Manchester, Feb. 20 , 1846, No L 36,782 . 1001. ditto, t to, i N ttod o ,. I N , 0 0 . 9 9 8 8: 3 48 55 6 and several small notes, the numbers of which are unknown. A LILLIPUTIAN WAR STEAMER.—There is now fitting up in the East India Docks, under the supintend euce of Mr. Houghton, a war steamer, which carries five guns, and draws not more than five feet of water. The African coast is to be ite destingtio. TREASURY WARRANT. (From the London Gazette of Friday night.) Whereas by an Act, passed in the third and fourth years of the reign of her present Majesty, intituled " An Act for the Regulation of the Duties of Postage," power is given to the Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury, from time to time, by warrant, under their hands, to alter and fix any of the rates of British postage or inland postage payable by law on the transmission by the post of foreign or colonial letters or newspapers, or of any other printed papers, and to subject the same to rates of postage according to the weight thereof, and a scale or weight to be contained in such warrant; and, from time to time, by warrant, as aforesaid, to alter or repeal any such altered rates, and make and establish any new or other rates in lieu thereof ; and, from time to time, by warrant as aforesaid, to appoint at what time the rates which may be payable are to be paid; and it is provided that the power thereby given should extend to any increase or reduction or remission of postage. And whereas, in consequence of a communication opened with the Post-office of Denmark, it is considered expedient to alter the rates of postage payable on letters conveyed by packet-boat or private ship between that country and the United Kingdom direct. or rid Heligo land, or any port or place in the river Elbe. Now we, the undersigned, being three of the Com missioners of her Majesty's Treasury, do, in the exer cise of the power or authority in us for such purpose vested in and by the said recited Act, and of all other powers and authorities enabling us in this behalf, direct that on every letter, not exceeding half an ounce in weight, posted in or addressed, to any part of the king dom of Denmark, and transmitted between any part of the United Kingdom and any place in Denmark, (con veyed between the United Kingdotia and Denmark by packet-boat and private ship direct or vier Heligoland, or any port or place in the river Elbe), there shall be charged and taken in lieu of any rates of British postage now payable by law on such letters, an uniform rate of British postage of sixpence. And we direct, that it shall be optional for the sender of any such letter as hereinbefore mentioned, posted in the United Kingdom, addressed to Denmark (registered letters excepted), to allow the whole of the postage thereof, British and foreign, to be charged to the receiver of the letter in Denmark, or to repay all such postage at the time of posting the letter, but such sender shall not have the option of paying the British postage thereof only, and leaving the foreign postage to be paid in Denmark. And we direct that on every letter, not exceeding half an ounce in weight, posted in or addressed to any part of Denmark, transmitted by the post between Denmark and any of her Majesty's colonies, or any foreign coun try through the United Kingdom (conveyed by packet boat or private ship between the United Kingdom and Denmark direct, or via Heligoland, or any port or place in the river Elbe), there shall be charged and taken, in lieu of any rates of British postage now payable by law on such letters, an uniform rate of British postage of sixpence, for the conveyance of every such letter between Denmark and any part of the United King dom; and also such a further or additional rate of Bri tish postage, for the conveyance of every such letter between the port in the United Kingdom of the depar ture or arrival of the packet or ship conveying the same and the colony or foreign country to or from which the same shall be forwarded, as shall from time to time be charged and payable for British postage on letters, not exceeding half an ounce in weight, posted or delivered at the port in the United Kingdom of the departure or arrival of the packet or ship conveying the same, and transmitted direct between such port and such colony or foreign country. And we direct, that it shall be optional for the sender of any such letter, as lastly hereinbefore mentioned, posted in any of her Majesty's colonies where posts have been or shall be established by her Majesty's Postmas ter-General, addressed to Denmark (registered letters excepted), to allow the whole of the postage thereof, colonial, British, and foreign, to be charged to the re ceiver of the letter in Denmark, or to repay all such postage at the time of posting the letter, but such sender shall not have the option of paying the colonial and Bri tish postage thereof only, and leaving the foreign postage to be paid in Denmark. And we further direct, that on every letter transmitted as is mentioned in this warrant, exceeding half an ounce in weight, there shall be charged and taken progressive and additional rates of postage, according to the scale of weight and number of rates in the said Act contained as to letters estimating and charging each additional rate at the sum which any such letter would be charged with under this warrant, if not exceeding half an ounce in weight. And we further direct, that such printed newspapers as are hereinafter-mentioned, may be sent by the post, free of postage, or liable to postage according to the re gulations 'end rates hereinafter set forth, that is to say, British newspapers sent from the United Kingdom to Denmark (the conveyance between the United Kingdom and Denmark being direct or via Heligoland, or any port or place in the River Elbe), by packet-boat free, and by private ship one penny each. Newspapers published in Denmark, in the Danish language, sent from thence to any part of the United Kingdom (the conveyance between Denmark and the United Kingdom being direct or via Heligoland, or any port or place in the River Elbe), by packet-boat free, and by ship one penny each. And we further direct, that the Postmaster-General may cause the postage on any such printed newspapers to be paid on the same being put into the post-office. And we further direct, that every printed supplement, or additional sheet to any newspaper, shall, for the pur pose of charging the postage under this warrant, be deemed a distinct newspaper, unless sent. in the same cover or together with the newspaper to which it is a supplement or addition. And we further direct, that no printed newspaper shall be conveyed by the post, under the regulations of this present warrant, unless the same shall be sent with out a cover, or in a cover open at the sides, or in open bands, and unless there be no word or commun i cation printed on the paper after its publication, or upon the cover or band thereof, and no writing or mark upon it, or upon the cover or band of it, except the name and ad dress of the person to whom sent, nor any paper or thing inclosed in or with the same; and every such newspaper shall be forwarded under and subject to such other conditions, regulations, and restrictions as by the said recited Act are directed in respect of newspapers sent by the post. And we further direct, that nothing herein contained shall be deemed or construed to extend to any letters or newspapers passing by the post between the United Kingdom and the kingdoms of Denmark, France, Bel gium, or Holland, And we further direct, that nothing herein contained shall be deemed or construed to annul, prejudice, or affect any of the exemptions and privileges granted by the said recited Act, or by an Act made and passed in the first year of the reign of her present Majesty, in tituled, " An Act for the management of the Post-office," and that all such exemptions and privileges shall remain in full force. And we further direct, that the terms and expressions used in this warrant shall be construed to have the like meaning in all respects as they would have if inserted in the said Act of the third and fourth years of the reign of her present Majesty. And we further direct, that this warrant shall come into operation on the Ist day of October, 1846. Provided lastly, and we hereby declare and direct, that it shall be lawful for the Commissioners for the time being of her Majesty's Treasury, or any three of them by warrant under their hands, at any time hereafter to alter or repeal any of the rates hereby altered, or the regulations hereby made, and to make or establish any new or other rates or regulations in lieu thereof, and from time to time to appoint at what time the rates that may be payable are to be paid. EBRINGTON. • H. RICH. O'CONOR DON. Whitehall, the Treasury Chambers, the 7th day of Sept. 1846. SUSSEX FIG ORCHARD.—NothinF has more agree ably surprised me during a six weeks tour in Kent and Sussex than stumbling this] afternoon, quite unexpect edly (for the guide-books say not a word of it), on a fig orchard, close to Worthing, producing annually, on standard trees, from 1,000 to 1,500 dozen of I ipe figs. I have eaten very good figs from standard trees in De ♦onshire, but was not at all aware that this fruit could be profitably cultivated so much further to the eastward. This, however, is the case at West Tarring, a picturesque village two miles West of Worthing, where a gardener of the name of Pelling, and his' father before him, have for many years devoted very advantageously a piece of ground, about an acre in extent, to the growth of figs, of which his average crop has been as above stated ; but this year, owing to the spring blights, it will not exceed 50 dozen. Several of the trees are very old, with trunks nearly a foot in diameter. These are said to have been suckers or layers from a tree in the adjoining garden of Thomas a Beckett, Archbishop of Canterbury, who is stated to have had a palace here.—Corespondent of the Gardener's Chronicle. ABERYSTWITII.--HARVEST, &C.—The harvest, in the upper part of Cardiganshire, has been going on very favourably ; the weather having, for the last few weeks, been much in its favour. The wheat is all in, and in good condition—the crop is excellent. The barley is nearly all cut, and in mwdwls—the quality not first rate. Oats middling. There is a brisk demand for cattle of all sorts, at advanced prices. At the recent fair at Pontrhydfandiged, formerly Fair Rhos, cattle sold at a material advance over former prices. Indeed, every thing seems smiling on the landlord and farmers, while the poor man's prospects are quite the reverse, as the . potato crop looks deplorable ; and is a serious ques tion how the poor people are to subsist during the win ter, for to all appearance no potatoes will remain to be pitted.— Welshman . A SINGULAR MANIAC.—Some commotion was caused at Berlin on the evening of the 28th ult. A great crowd was assembled to witness a balloon ascent, when, in the Rue Royale, a man stepped out on the balcony of the third story of one of the houses, and began to ad dress the persons below, flinging out at the same time handfuls of gold and some . bank-notes. Whil s t th e persons below were endeavouring to pick up the money he drew out a pistol and fires on the moving mass. The shot wounded a young man, but not dangerously. He then drew out another pistol, and was about to fire when the crowd gave way on all sides. Some persons, how ever, entered the house to arrest the man w h o , th us a li ke liberal of his golf and his lead, it was supposed, must be mad, when, on seeing them appear, he threw him self into the street, and was so severely injured that he died shortly after. He turned out to be a brewer, named Krauss, whose brain had been turned by anx i e t y at tendant on a law - suit. In his pocket w as f oun d a go ld box, on the lid of which was scratched with a pin, or t he point of a pen-knife, the words—" Died Aug. 28, 1846," which would seem to i n ti mate t h at h e ha d f or s ome time made up his mind to commit suicide on that day. THE DUKE OF BEAUFORT AND HIS TENANTS. The Duke of Beaufort is, we have every reason to believe, a very good landlord, that 'is, after the good old feudal fashion—he does not grind his tenants down by extravagant rents ; but he likes them to know their places, and to remember that they are retainers of a Duke, and portion of his ceremonial, state, and political high-mightiness. At the grand hunting gatherings, they must therefore be present, and be mounted as be comes the followers of so important a personage ; and at the day of a county election they must be prompt and willing to shout " true Blue," and vote for his Grace's candidate. Farmers arc not a rebellious race, and the Duke has seldom experienced any difficulty at the hands of those who cultivate the many broad acres of his very magnificent estates. At length, however, a case has arisen which has demanded, so his Grace thinks, a sig nal example—flogging is not allowed in the tenant armies of Dukes, but the " drumming out" of refractory farmers, who presume to disobey, or to forget the rules of the service, is found to b e equa ll y e ff ectua l i n pre serving discipline in the ranks. The place where the Duke has found it necessary to show that he is deter mined, after the fashion of his Grace of Newcastle, to "do what he likes with his own," is Monmouthshire, where a very singular politi ca l spectacle is at present exhibiting itself ; where brothers, and cousins, and uncles, and nephews, are pulling each other to pieces in a manner which, if the actors were of a lower rank in life than dukes, and marquises, and lords, would be considered rather_ unseemly. Dr. Watts is, we presume, much too plebeian and anti-orthodox an author to be put into the hands of little "my lords" and little "my ladies ;" and, therefore, they can scarcely be expected to have been taught such homely rhymes as " Birds in their little nests agree, And 'tis a shameful sight, When children of one family Fall out, and chide and fight." The representation of Monmouthshire (or at least half of its representation) as our readers well know, or ought to know, belongs by a speci es o f r i g ht di v i ne t o the Duke of Beaufort for the time being; and it is only one of those amusing fictions which the English laws and constitution occasionally exhibit, to say that the " in dependent electors," as they are facetiously termed, have anything to do with the choice of Members of Parlia ment, at least in counties where great dukes are the lords of the soil, and are therefore the proper parties to take upon themselves the trouble and responsibility of seeking eligible candidates. To be sure, these candi dates, when elected, are called the " representatives of the people ;" but this is only one of those pleasing fictions to which we have before alluded. For a long series of years it has pleased the present Duke of Beaufort and his father before him, to nominate and appoint Lord Granville Somerset to be a member for the county of Monmouth, and as his Lordship does really possess more tact and talent than usually falls to the share of sons and brothers of dukes, who, in all re verence be it spoken, are not on all occasions blessed with too great an abundance of intellect or common sense ; and as moreover Lord Granville Somerset has uniformly conducted himself towards his supporters with suavity and politeness, the ducal yoke has sat lightly upon the shoulders of the constituency, and their votes have been given with much willingness, and for so long a period, that " use has become second nature." It has, however, pleased the Duke to take umbrage at his younger brother thinking for himself on the subject of the corn-laws, and has given him public notice that he must render up his seat to another member of the family who will be more docile. Now it happens that some of his Grace's tenantry have become personally attached to his Grace's now-to-be-disgraced brother, and cannot so easily break asunder the links of gratitude and esteem with the same ease as dukes can disregard the ties of fraternal affection. They have accordingly allowed it to be suspected that they have a mind to vote as they have been accustomed to vote, and have been heard to give hints that as Lord Granville is no fool, it is very likely that free trade is right after all. Now, of course, this is a rebellion that must be nipped in the bud—tenants have no right to think except as their landlord directs them ; and therefore sundry of these refractory vassals have received notice to quit their farms—a salutary and timely measure which will no doubt teach others not to chafe at the new harness that has been made for them. It is also necessary to show as publicly as possible that Lord Granville Somer set, although the brother, is na longer kin in the affections of the Duke. The Duke's son, therefore, the Marquis of Worcester, is sen t d own to Monmouth at the Assizes, where for time out of mind almost, Lord Gran ville Somerset has presided as chairman of the grand jury. Well, his name is, as usual, called over at the head of the list, and he is again installed in his old office, of foreman, upon which his nephew, the Marquis of Worcester, gives his juvenile moustaches a curl of rage and scorn, and with a number of his partizans marches out of court :—a very seemly spectacle, of course, to the lower orders, who are thereby taught that young aristocrats are happily released from those shackles of decency and polite behaviour to which " the vulgar" are of course very properly expected to conform themselves. It seems that there is a newspaper in Monmouthshire called the Marlin, which in its innocent simplicity thinks that these things ought not to be, 'and that tenants ought to be expected to cultivate their farms and to pay their rents, and if they do these things they ought to be allowed to vote as they please. We do not know where the Merlin editor got his " brought. ings-up," but it is very evident he is an ignorant man, and as mischievous as he is ignorant. It is, however, " right divine" of dukedom, that there is another print in the same county, yclept the Beacon ; and a shining light it is, as its name testifies. That paper, which may be taken, we presume, as the Duke's mouthpiece upon this occasion, has come forth, and has done battle against the heretical notions which it seems have begun to find favour in Monmouthshire. That paper, in most valorous' fashion, maintains " the right, the expediency, and the justice, of a landlord taking care that his tenants be his friends," It grants that " notices have been served upon tenants to quit their holdings," and it says, "it Served 'em right"—" the Duke of Beaufort has acted in a straitforward way, and has shown that he will not tolerate, as his tenants, men who have not firmness enough to stand by the principles they profess in the hour of trial ;" and it winds up its encomiums of the Duke by—" We honour the Duke for his manli ness and consistency, which is infinitely superior to the mawkish sentiment and liberal twaddle of the Merlin." Well, the Duke, in the midst of his trials, is a happy man—ungrateful and refractory tenants may annoy him for a moment ; but such a devoted liegeman, and such a clever one too, as the editor of the Beacon, is a jewel beyond price. We cannot help thinking, however, that a visit or two from Mr. Cobden, in Monmouthshire, would do no great harm, if he could spare the time. Agricultural serfdom, is, after all, a mighty fine thing for Dukes of Beaufort, but is, as far as human nature and " English manliness' is concerned, a lamentable picture to contemplate in the year of our Lord one thou sand eight hundred and forty-six.—Gloucester Join nal. THE POTATO DISEASE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—The prevailing (and I think well-grounded.) opinion in this county, as to the potato disease, is, that it was caused by some blight of the air; for, wherever this most useful vegetable is covered by a tree not the least damage has been done, whilst all other parts of the crop is gone. In the same field where several portions of the crop have been covered by trees, not a top of the potato is touched, all the rest being totally black, Notts, Sept. 11, 1846. BASSETLAW. PROGRESS OF THE NEW PALACE.—In the House of Lords, to which, more particularly, attention i s now di rected, the works are making rapid progress. The ceil. ing and upper part of the walls are finished, and carvers and joiners are occupied in every corner of the place in fixing the wainscot fittings, both in the House and lobbies. Those in the former aro most elaborately carved out of the solid, and reflect great credit on the workmen. The decorations will be gorgeous—dazzling. The ceiling, formed into deeply-sunk panels, is covered with gold and colours. Under each wall-piece, from principal timbers, is a sculptured canopy and niche, solidly gilt, where finished, between which occur the windows, to be filled with stained glass (six on each side) and compartments for fresco. I ICURIOITS APPLICATION TO A MAGISTRATE.—At Clerkenwell Police-court on Tuesday, an old woman, a fruitseller, who had been deprived of her basket by the police, applied to the magistrate to give her 2s. to buy a new one, as her only . means of support was selling fruit. Mr. Combo, the magistrate, ordered an officer to go with her to the workhouse to make inquiries into her case. METROPOLITAN FREE HOSPITAL.--The Lord Mayor, as one of the Vice-Presidents of the Metropoli tan Free Hospital, in Carey-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields, will take the chair at the anniversary festival, to be held at the Freemasons' Tavern, on the 17th instant. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, and his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, are the Presidents of this very useful institution, which is situated in a densely popu lated neighbourhood, where hospital accommodation is very limited. In this institution, as that in Gray's Inn road, no letter of recommendation is necessary, and every sick poor applicant is admitted. The hospital has been opened for nine years, during which time upwards of 70,500 patients have been under medical treatment, and the number last year was 9,989. POST-OFFICE ARRANGEMENTS.—The inhabitants of the south-eastern suburban districts of the metropolis were most agreeably surprised on Thursday morning by receiving their country letters before nine o'clock, instead of as heretofore, between ten and eleven, or even later. This alteration will give great satisfaction, and add ma terially to the convenience and interest of large numbers engaged in business. STEAM-BOAT ACCIDENT.—On Thursday night, about nine o'clock, as the Locomotive, from Hampton court, was discharging at the pier near London-bridge, a large freight of men, women, and children, the Sons of the Thames, a Gravesend steamer, ran foul of her, and one of the passengers was knocked overboard by the concussion. He was saved with great difficulty, and taken ashore in a most exhausted state. The rudder was completely torn away, and the collision excited great alarm among the passengers. In 1820 there were 51,014 acres of land employed in hop cultivation ; in 1830, 45,426 acres ; and in 1840, only 40,000. EFFECTS OF RAILWAYS.—The extensive range of stabling and coachhouses attached to the Bell and Crown Inn, Holborn, are being converted into dwelling places, the introduction of railways having taken all the coaches off the road that used to stop at this inn, NEWSPAPER CORRESPONDENTS. — AssuredIy they are a curious class ; but we have seldom received a richer communication than the following, which we print ver batim et literatim :—" Sir,—when I send you anything I should Like you to print it nearly the same and not to do as you did respecting the anneversity of the odd fellows Such blunders is not approved off"—Notting ham Journal. RAIL WAY INTELLIGENCE. MANCHESTER AND SOUTHAMPTON. A meeting was held on Thursday afternoon, at the Town-hall, Rclasey, in pursuance of a requisition to the Mayor, signed by a large number of the inhabitants. The Mayor, Mr. PEPPER, commented at some length on the prejudicial effects the rejection of the Bill would have on the business of the town. Alderman GEORGE said he had attended the Commit tee of the House of Commons to which the Bill on this railway had been referred; that Committee had devoted 46 days to the patient investigation of every detail con rected with the proposed line, and, reported favourably of the scheme. The Bill had been referred to a Commit tee of the House of Lords, composed of five Peers, who, after four days of hasty examination, set aside all that had been so cautiously attended to by the Committee of the House of Commons. No line more consistent was brough t forward, though opposing counsel did designate it to their Lordships as a bubble line, and unable to be car ried out should the Bill be obtained. His own opinion, and that of commercial men in general, was, that there is no line out of the metropolis that would com mand a greater amount of traffic. Let any one refer to the map, and it would be found that t' , e route taken by the Manchester and Southampton Railway had a very superior degree of importance. The fact of its embrac ing the whole of the manufacturing districts would en sure a large traffic, the goods from whence would be greatly delayed by the Great Western branches in com parison to this line. Not only Ramsey, but every town on the road would be great sufferers. Mr. C. J. TYLER felt that the loss of this line would be of the most serious consequences. Mr. W. STEAD said he was greatly surprised at the decision of the Lords, after the successes already ob tained. Unless the Bill passed, they would be entirely shut out from the north, but if obtained, the ancient trade of the town would not only be revived, but greatly extended. Mr. CoLcorr, in seconding this resolution, gave it his most cordial good wishes; but would be glad to be informed how the directors stood with regard to funds. Alderman GEORGE said that they had nearly sufficient in hand to go again before the Legislature. A meeting of shareholders would take place on Tuesday next, when any one wishing to withdraw, by announcing their inten tion, might do so, and receive a fair proportion of the balance in hand. GLASGOW, KILMARNOCK, AND AYR. GLASGOW, THURSDAY AFTERNOON.--The 19th half yearly meeting was held this afternoon in the apart ments of the company in Bridge -street. Mr. James M'Call, of Daldowie, the chairman of the directors, in the chair. Mr. J. F. SMITH, the secretary, read the report, from which we make the following extracts :—" The traffic account shows that the revenue for the half-year ending the 31st of July last, amounts to 55,1914 12s. 7d., being an increase of more than 8,000/. above the receipts of the corresponding period of last ear, and leaving a fiee balance of 32,266/. 13s. 3d. The expenses are greater this half year, in consequence chiefly of several additional trains having been run between Glasgow, Ayr, and Kilmarnock, for the better accommodation of the public. The prices of the different articles necessary for the working of the traffic, together with the wages paid to mechanics, &c., still continue at a high rate. Your directors are prepared to recommend you now to declare a dividend at the rate of seven per cent. per annum, under deduction of income tax, payable on 21st September next ; for this purpose, they place at your disposal the sum of 34,079/. ls. 6d., leaving a balance on hand of 1,5541. 3s. Sd., which has been carried to the credit of next half year's account. In terms of the resolutions under which the 401. shares were created, this stock now participates in the general dividend, according to the amount paid up ; and on this occasion the sum due is 9s. per share. The works re quired by the alterations on the Kilmarn-Jck and Troon line are proceeding satisfactorily, and it is confidently anticipated that the railway will be opened for traffic in November next. The calls on the 40/. shares have been well responded to, and there are no engagements under taken by this Company which are, under any circum stances, likely to affect its prosperity." The CHAIRMAN, after some general remarks on the report, proposed the usual resolutions, such as fixing the half-yearly dividend at seven per cent., &c., which were agreed to. - Mr. STENHOUSE then stated, that at a former period, when the line only paid a revenue of 2i per cent., the directors had reduced their annual allowance from 6004 to 4001. per annum. Now, in the period of their pros perity, he moved that the allowance be again 6001. per annum. Mr. CLAPPERTON seconded the motion, which was unanimously agreed to. The CHAIRMAN then moved a series of resolutions, the purport of which was, that the sum of 703,125/. should be raised by the creation of 28,125 new shares of 251. each, the first instalment of 21. 10s. to be paid on the 19th of October next. This sum was necessary to complete the new works for which Acts had been ob tained. FARE COMPARISONS. The excitement consequent on the raising of the fares by the directors of the South-Eastern Railway being al most universal, the following notice of a few of the fares charged by the companies for nearly the same distance of conveyance by the express and other trains, will be read with some interest:— To commence with the London and Dover, the fare for the distance, 88 miles, is by the express train 205., by the ordinary trains, first class 16s. 6d., second class 125., and third class 7s. 4d., being at the rate of near l y 3d ., 21d., and 14d., and Id. per mile. On the South-Western, from London to Gosport, the same distance, 88 miles, 20s. is charged for the first class express, and 16s. 6d. for the second; but by the ordinary trains the fares are reduced to 14s. first class, 10s. second, and 6s. 6d. third, or less than Id. per mile by the latter. The Eastern Counties, from London to Brandon, 88 miles, charge 16s. 6d. first class, Ils. 6d. f or secon d , an d 7s. sd. third; whilst on the Colcheeter line between London and Ipswich, 68 miles, the charge is 155,, 103., and ss. Sd., or nearly at the rate of 3d., 2d., and Id. per mile. On the Great Western, the fare by the express train from London to Bath is 275. 6d. by the first class, and 19s. 6d. (the distance being 1064 miles) by the second, or above the rate of 3d. and 2fd. per mile; by the ordinary trains 245. 6d. first class, and 17s. by the second, the third class passengers being carried at Id. per mile. On the North-Western line, from London to Bir mingham, the fare by the express train is 255., being at the rate of less than 21d. per mile ; by the ordinary trains the fares are, first class 205., or rather l ess t h an 2 h '-d. per mile, 14s. second class, or lid. per mite, and 9s. sd. the third class. The London and Brighton, 504. miles, by the express first class, charge 12s. 6d.. and by second 10s., or at the rate of 3d., and nearly 2id. per mile ; by the other trains the fares are 10s., 7s. 6d. and 4s. 3d. G o i ng further north the fares will be found to be more rea sonable. On the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, 60 miles, the fares are by the first class I Is., or rather less than 2fd. per mile, second class, Bs., or lid. per mile, and third class ss. On the York and North Midland, 31 miles, the first class 55., or 2d. per mile, only Is. differ ence, h owever, being made between the price of the first and second class. On the Sheffield and Manchester the fares are far 41i miles 7s. first, ss. 3d, second, and 3s. 6d. third class, or 2d., lAd., and Id. per mile. The Edinburgh and Glasgow, 46 miles, Charge for first class Bs., or rather better than 2d. per mile, second class 65., or better than lid., third class 3s. 10d., and fourth class 2s. 6d. for the distance. The Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, and Ayr, 51 miles, are still more reasonable, the charge being for the first class 65., or less than lid. per mile, second 45., and third class 3s. In Ireland the Dublin and Drogheda Company, length of rail 314 miles, carry passengers by quick trains, first class 45., or lid. per mile, second ditto 35.; by ordinary trains, 3s: 6d. first class, 2s. 6d. by second class, and third class is. 6d. PIGEON FLYING MATCH FOR 51.—0 n Friday two pigeons belonging to fanciers of South Lambeth, flew a match from Brighton. The winning bird covered the distance of fifty-two miles in sixty-eight minutes. There are, in or near London, 41 Charles-streets, 29 Church-streets, 21 George-streets, 28 High-streets, 28 John-streets, 35 King-streets, 23 New-streets, and 23 Queen-streets. IMPORTATION or FLOUR. —On Friday morning the New York packet ship Wellington, Captain C. Chad wick, was hauled in the St. Katherine's Docks, from New York, with 1,000 barrels of flour, and upwards of 2,000 casks of oil cak e , b es id es a l arge quantity of Indian corn and cheese. ROBBERY AT THE LONDON AND JOINT-STOCK BANK.—On Saturday afternoon, between the hours of two and three o'clock, a most barefaced robbery, to the amount of nearly 3501., was committed at the London and Joint-Stock Bank, upon a gentleman named Goslin, firm of Clarke and Goslin, of the North-end Maltings, Fulham, malsters. It appears that Mr. Edward Goslin, about the time mentioned, attended at the counter of on the above bank, for the purpose of paying in money acconnt of the firm. While standing there he felt a slight tug at his coat, and turning round he observed a gentlemanly-looking man, attired in a shooting-jacket, going rapidly out of the bank, but he unfortunately took no notice of the circumstance, and gave no alarm, though when he came to pay in the money he found that his pocket-book had been adroitly abstracted, with its con tents, which consisted of notes and gold, &c., amounting to 3241.25. I Id., besides overdue bills, and sundry letters and memoranda. The pocket-book was of Russian leather, with a steel clasp, and the notes wer e one Bank of England 3001, No. 37,541, dated May 11, 1846 ; a 'M., No. 70,564, dated May 5, 1846 ; four sovereigns, and 2s. 11d. A reward of 301. has been offered for the apprehension of the thief, and recovery of the property, or proportionately to any portion recovered. REFORM YOUR JURY LISTI3.—I must think that some different system should be adopted in the selection of juries. There is nothing that requires so much care ; there is nothing done with such carelessness. It appears to be of no moment whether a juryman is an educated man or not ; if he possess a few acres of land, or a 40e., freehold, he is deemed eligible to decide upon cases of great intricacy. I once heard a case at Ely, when the assizes were holden there, between plaintiff and de fendant, and at its termination, the question was rut to the jury: " Are you agreed, gentlemen—what say you ; is your verdict for the plaintiff or defendant ?" The foreman, a man of good property (whence his qualifica tion for a jaryman)—answered—" I don't know what you mean by plaintiff or defendant ; but" (pointing to a barrister) he emphatically exclaimed "that there 'mug is right."—Correspondent of the Cambridge Indepeudent Press.