The Sun. — London, England, 1812-10-20 00:00:00

uNrrEn STATES. MEMORIAL TO JAMES MADISON, ESQ. PRESIDENT OF THE UNIT- ED STATES (Continued from our Paper of Yesterday.) The people of the neighbouring Common wealth, as we under Stand, have been as unable as ourselves, to discover instances of impres . sment; in any degree equal to the alleged numbers." , It is iMpossible, under these circumstances, for us to" believe, that the evil of impresSrhent does exist; in the degree of enormity pretended. If so many of our seafaring fellow-citizens were actually in bondage, they must have been taken from among the inhabitants of the Atlantic coast ; they - would be fro' in . aniOng our brethren, Sons,. relations, and friendS.;" we should he acquainted with them and their misfortuneS ; we should hear 'the cries of their wives and "children, their parents and re - 7 latices, quite as soon as our fellow-citizens of the South and West. It is well worthy of notice, that the greatest ap parent feeling on this: `subject of impreSsinents, • and the greatest disposition to wake war_ on that account, arc entertained' by the Representatives of those States, which have no seamen at all of their own ; while those sections of the community, in which more than three-kiurths-of'the mariners of the United States have their hOMes, are, by great majorities, against that war, among the pro fessed objects of which - , the release of impressed seamen forms so principal a figure. Tt is well known that England pretends to no right of impressing our seamen. She' insists only that she has a right to the service of her own snb jects, in time of war, even thOugh found serving on board- the i'nerchant ships of other nations.— This claim we suppose to be neither unfounded nor novel. It is 'recognized by the pablic Jaw, of En ror, and of the eiviliied world Writers of the highest anthoritymaintain, that the right belongs to.all nations. For •the• same reason, say they; that the father of a family may dethand the aid of his children to defend himself and his house, a na tion may call home her subjects to her defence and protection in time of war: • . But if . lthis were not so, is our nation to plunge' into a ruinous war, in order to settle a question of relative right between the Government of a. fo reign nation and the subjects of that Government? Are we to fight the battles .of British seamen ?- t . Nay more -tare we to espouse :heir cause, in op position to the cause of our native_ mariners ?--;- Shall we contend for the - free and privileged 'ad mission of foreigners into our merchant service, and thereby exclude the seamen of New England from that service ? Do we profess to be at war for the support of our seamen's rights, when We con,. tend for a point, which; if gained, will shut them from the rhost lucrative part of their employment, and " sacrifice their interest that British and other foreign - seamen May liive equal privileges with themselves 7'' - Fatal, indeed, would it be to the important in terests of the navigating States, if the conse quence of this war should he, that the American flag shall give the American character to all who sail under it, and thus invite thousands of foreign sianien to enter into our service, and thrust aside our own native But this evil of impressment, however great it may be, is at least not greater now than it was in the time of Washington. That great man did not, however, deem it an evil to be remedied by war.— Neither did it occur to President Adams, nor even to President Jefferson, that it would be wise or po litic, for the purpose of attempting to escue a very small. portion of our seamen from eaptivity,, to commence a war, which must inevitably, as this war Will, consign ten times as many to a captivity as bad. - • England has always-, nrofessed'a willinness to adjust this subject by amicable arrangement. She has repeatedly called on us to d'o our part towards effecting such adjustment. She has reminded us of the facility,. we may say the fality, with which American protections are obtained ;. of the frequent instances, in .which Irishmen' and others; that can not speak a word of our language,.are found with *American protections in their pockets. :,Shelias expressly and officially offered.to prohibit., hy,se ,Vere laws, all impressments from American vessels, if the American .Government would enact laws prohibiting Atherican officers from granting pro-. tections or certificates - of citizenship to British subjects. She has also, through her Minister, of fered to restore every native seaman that our Go vernment could name, as being under impressment. For years preceding the Declaration of War; our Government has been, in a manner, silent on this subject. Under an expectation, which has never .been liroken off, of an amicable arrangement, Go vernnient seems to have ceased to make it a topic of complaint. When the arrangement was made with Mr. Erskine, the present Administration them selves did not consider any existing difficulties on the subject, of impressment as insuperable obsta cles to peace. What is it, then, that ha.th since given to this subject a sudden and unusual importance ? What is-it that bath so completely stifled the. voice of the friends of the seamen, and at the same time e tiled into action such powerful sympathies in the b )som of strange.'s What is it., - that raised the voice beyond the Westerrfmountains,so loud and , elatnoroui for their protection by war while the fathers and 'brethren, the friends and relatives, the wives and children of these .v the even the seamen themselves, depreeate this War as the greatest,calamity that could fall upon them. The Blockade and Orders in Counei, the other causes of war ; bear .no better exarnination than the-subject of impressnient. The Bloekade, now ,h 0 grievoui to be endared, we know was regarded, Mt the time it Was laid, as a.measurefavourabte to •yarintert2.-. Mr. this, .upon the eNpress declar 4 atiot: of Mr. Monroe, then our 'Minister in Engtainl. W have his own Words, that it 311011111 be regarded:" in a highly f4vourable light," and that;-it;" promised to be highly satisfactory to our commercial interests." By what trait► of rensoning'this favour is now turned into an injury, and an injury of such rung-, , . nitride AS tO•Justrty war, we are . uttctly at alos to comprehend. We ave equally unsatisfied . With the arguments used; to prove that the Decrees, of France were repealed in Noveniber, 1610, and that, therefore, without departing from impartial policy, we are justified in undertaking to compel Eng,land , by war, to abandon her Orders in C0un.61., Against such suppoSed repeal c_f. the French Decrees, we have the express declarOion of the French . Criovzfnment itself, as late as March, 1812, alleging that those Decrees did then exist. We have'. also had daily evidence of thefr Operation; in the destruction of oar property, and some Members of this Meeting have convictions -of the existence and operation of those Decrees, own to the very moment of our Declaration of 1,1 7 .-ay ;. which convictions, being produCed by great and repeated personal inse4,.. in til; seizures, detention, confiscation, and burn-' lugs, under those very Degrees; are not likely to be. :removed, by any, ingenious comments on. the terms of an ambiguous, deevptive, and fal lacious instrument, 'like the Duke of Cadore's letter. ". But this question is now at rest. The recent ap pearance of the French Decree, purporting to be dated April 28, 1811, leaves no, foothold for per . sistance and partiality, longer to stand on. That Decree declares, that in.consequence of measures adopted by our Governnient against England in *March 18 : 11, the Decree of Berlin, and Milan shall now be considered as having ceased:to operate, as, against us, in November 1810. This proves, bt.! • , ydnd• contracjiction, that those Dpci-ces were not repealed at the time when our Go,rernment adopt ed measures against England, founded on their sup posed repeal. A more singular incongruity, than ,is here ma nifest, never characterized the intercourse of na 7 . tions. Tn March;!1811, this .66i-eminent took measures against, England, because France,' had actually repealed her Dcerees 3 afterwards, ,in May 1811, Fiance rrepealed her Decrees, because our Government had actually taken measures against England: _ The conduct of France, in relation to the re, peal of her ediots, exhibits, to our view, a scene of the most contemptible fraud and juggling, .that ever disgraced the COurt of any nation. The British Orders in Council, we are informed, are now revoked. We cannot but lament, that the Declaration of War was forced and hurried, as if to put. -us beyond the benefit of favourable events. Every attempt at postponement was in,". .effectual, and the question was taken at a moment ivhen, perhaps, a month's delay would have re.' moved the principal ground of complaint, and averted the awful calamity. As none of the complaints against England are of recent origin, as they they must all have been, long in contemplation of Govermnent,- it was 'reasonably expected, th 4 if Government intended war, it would have made adequate provisiOn and preparation: for that event. In this expectation we have been disappointed. The nation is totally unprepared for war. We say, totally unprepared —because the degree of preparation bears no de sirable relation to the . magnitude of the occasion, or to the greatness of the interests which are at stake. . Without mentioning the situation of our inland frontier, it is sufficient to advert to 'the exposed state of our sea coast and commerce. It is niibeard 'of, and beyond imagination strange, in our -•opi nion, that such great and important interests as the navigation and commerce of a whiile country should be put to Hazard---to certain loss—for Want of that protection, which it was in the power, and which, we preSume to • say, 'it was the duty of Government to have afforded. On the subject of NaVal Defence, we do not feel ourselves confined to the mere language of sup plication: •On that topic we do not address our selves to the favour and clemency only of any Ad- Ministration.' We hold it to be oui• right to de mand, ' the hand of the General Government, adequate protection' to our lawful commerce. When the 'Constitution empowered t 1 Goverh ment to build and maintain a navy, it was not supposed, that that provision would remain in operative parehthent, and a dead letter. On the contrary, it was confidently expected that that power would -be exercised a -cheerfully as the power to levy and coiled taxes.—We consider protection on the sea to be as .solemnly guaran teed to us by the Consitution, as protection on the land ; and we shall' as readily assent to a practical Construction of that instrument, which deprived us of the one, as to that whiCh deprives us of the other. When the Commercial .and Navigating States surrendered to the General Government the riches of their Cnstont-houses,.and thereby parted with the fairjst porafin of their revenue, \ leaving/ to themselves nothing to defray the expenses of their Own C.ftablishments, but an unpleasant resort to direct 't:xation, they had a right to expect, and they did expect, from the wisdom and justice of that Government, adequate and ample means of protection and defence. They enter& -intb-the union Under this full expectation: It was •ati'ek pectatiot, raised and excited, not only by the ex press words of the Constitution itself, but also by the declarations and assurance's of those who re commended its adoption. It is not disrespectful to' remind you, Sir, that a diStinguished advocate * for the union of these States-urged the 'adoption of the Federal Consti . - tution upon the inhabitants of the Atlantic Fron tier,. in .the following manner The palpable necessity of the power to pro vide and maintain a na►y, has protected that part of the Constitution against a spirit of censure .which has spared ,few other parts. 'lt Must be numbered among the great blessings of America, that as her union will be. the 'only source of her ma i ritime strength, so this will be ,the sc.princi pal source of -her security against darter from abroad. "The inhabitants of the Atlantic frothier are all of them deeply interested in Has provision for naval protection, and if they have hitherto been suffered to sleep. quietly in .their beds ; if their property. has remained safe against the predatory spirit of licentious adventurers ; -if their maritime Mr. Madison himself. towns 11,114 not y e t ,ten compelled to raffsehi themselves from ti2 . e terrors of conflagration, by y;clding to the exactions ofidaring and sudden in vaders, these instances of good fortune are not to be ascribed 'tf: :the capacities of the existing Go vernment in-1798.'._ The same distinguished Gentleman, at a .later period, gave to the people of this nation a solemn and official pledge of his sentiments on this im portant subject, i►z his station as a leading Mem-, her of Congress, in the following emphatic manner ". I consider an acquiition of marl tifi/C strength essential to this country ; should we ever be so unfortunate - as to be engaged in war, what but this can defend our towns ard cities upon the sea coast ?Or what lint this can enable us - to repel an invading-enem,yl"-l -, May we -now,'Sir, be permitted to ask, whether these hopes have been realized, and these asstir ances performed ? Has this solemn pledge been re . deemed ?. Does .the present actual administration of the Constitution comport with these princi ples ? Is a sufficient. navy prOvided and Main tained.? Is this naval protection, in which the in habitantS•of the Atlantic frontier are so deeply in terested, afforded to . them ? Can they now sleep quietly in their beds ? Is their property now safe against the licentiouS spirit of predatory adven turers .? Are their maritime towns secure, from conflagration, or the exactions of daring and sud den invaders? We put these qUestions, not merely to the wisdom and policy, but the duty and con science of our Government. Alas I. it is notorious that we have not this navy; we are not protect-: ed ; weeatmot be quiet or •secure,; our maritime towns are not safe against invasion and bursting ; our best interests are at the mercy of our enemies, and we can do nothing but ,sit still, and see the frnits of 30 years of htborioUs niu,try, swept away with the besom o f destrudiOn ! . We are, Sir, froni principles and habits, attach' ed to t is u:lion of the States. But our attachment is to the sulwancc, and not to the enrol. It is to the good which this union is capable of producing and not to the evil,, which is sntlercd unnaturally to grow out of it. If the time should ever arrive when this Union shall be holden together by no thing but the authority of law; when its incor porAting vital principle shall become extinct; when its principal exercise shall .consist in acts of power and authority, not -ot protection and be neficence ; when it shall lose the strong bond which it has hitherto had in .the public affections; aryl when, consequently, we shall be one, not n , ",intereSt and mutual , re.g-ard, but in name and form only, we; Sir, shall look on that hour as the closing scene of our coimtry's,prosperity. We shrink from 'the separation of, the States as anievent fraught with incalculable evils, and it is among our strongest objections to the present course, of measures, that they have, in our opini on, a very dangerous and alarming bearing on such an event. If a separation of 'the States ever should take place, it will be on some occasion when one por tion of the country undertakes to control, to re gulate, to sacrifice the interest of another; when a small and heated majority in the Government, taking counsel-of their passions, and not of their reason, contemptuously disregarding the - interest, acid perhaps stopping the mouths, of a large and respectable minority, shall, by hasty, rash, and ruinous measures; threaten to destroy our essen tial rights, and lay waste the most important-in ' terests. It shall be our most fervent supplication to heaven to avert both the eveta and the occasion; and the Government may be assured, that the tie that binds us to the Union will never be .broken by us. But although we lament the present war on all accounts, yet do we deprecate it most of all, as we view in it, as we fear, the harbinger of French al liance Our apprehensions on this head are not unnatural. The United States, and Napoleon Em peror and King, have now a common enemy, and in some sort a common cause. They wage war against England for object's, in some degree, the same. There has been really or apparently, a Se rie., of 'remarkable coincidence in the measures of the two Governments. Add to this the known character of the Frepch Court for intrigue, cir cunmvention, and perfidy, and the world will judge whether our fears are groundless or unwar rantable. On the subject of any French connection, either close, or the more remote, we have made up our minds, We will, in no event, assist in uniting the Republic of, America 'with the military despot ism of France. We Will have no connection with her principles or her pOwer. • If her armed troops, under whatever name and character, should -. come here, -we shall regard them' as enemies., No pres sure, domestic or foreign, shall ever compel us to connect our interests with those of the Mdse. of Corsica.; or to yoke ourselves to the triumphal cal m' the conqueror and the tyrant' of Continental Europe. - . • - In forming this resolution, we have not been thoughtless of possible consequences. We have weighed them. 'We have, reflected on the - mea sures which an adherence to this resolution might hereafter occasion. We haveconsidered the events which may grow oat of it. In the 'full and undis guised view of these consequences, we have'formed this ourresolution, and we affirm-to von, Sir, and to the world, that it is,deep, fixed, and unchange able. It only remains for us to express our conscien tious conviction, that the preSent course of nv.•.a sures- will prove most prejudicial and •ruinous to the country ; and to st:pplicate the Government to adopt such a system as shall restore- to us .the blessings of peace and eommerce7.t- - S. TEN-NEy, per order. IV. A. K NT, Secretary, •fi Mr. Madison's Speech in Congress, 1798. An avalanche occurred on the 4th Sept. in the neighbourhood of Villeneuve, Switierland.. A part of the eastern chain of, the Fourehes, which had been sapped by a stream that ran ran at its base, suddenly fell with a terrific noise. Aboit 30 cottages were buried beneath the ruins, and 13 of their inmates killed.—The noise of. the .avalanche was heard at the distance of six miles. HIGH WATER AT LONDON - BRIDGE TO-MORROW ! , Morning, <ll3 minutes after 2. I Evening, 12 minutes after 3• LONDON TIAREETB, &c. RETURN of WHEAT IN MARK-'LANE, By Messrs. C1411,D and MALrns, Meal Weighers',. Including only from O. s .to Oct. to , , 8 Quarters at 14 7 3 od I tao ---- at Tr's, cd 5 . at 14os cd 124 t ------- at 1124 o,t 34 -----; at ‘383 cd 331 --- at itis ad 19 .at 135 t od 325 ---- at 1 tos 011 22 ------ .44 1325 cd 23 , at 109 s od: T. , •-,----:—. at 130, -d a 66 at toSs od :- at lags o d I 321 . at 11073 Ott -----• at 1263 Ott ii,l3 at Ic6) ott -i--- at 12 . “ oil 1,-,19 at loss cd —at t 2as .ott l 43(1 at 104 S oil —,-,- at 1203 011. 24i at 1033 cd --""'" at 11 9 s od 1 67 at 1023 6d ---- at ti Ss od t 5:74 —at 1023 ~,t ---- at 11 76 Gd 1363 .- at roes 04 --- at 116 Oil 721 at 943 (Xi al I 3 06 _at 114 s oil i 014 11, 9 67 Quarters. - Average toss. 5.1. Ss. ti t. lower ttinn last Return. A IZETHRN OF FLOUR, From Oct. 3, to Oct: 9.---from the Cocket-Officc, tacks. s. 4. Sacks s. a. . Sacks. s: ;#„ 3 6 7'. 115 o 248 1 0 7 o c .. . —1 -5 o 11924' 1 -- Ito c 63 -- ie6- $ 0 2ob ---- t :,:. 0 165 --- 7 -- 109 o 351 ----los 0 23 —1.31 o 573 toB 0 1 4 -- 0 4 0 I 8c —ic.c.• 0 I otal- - 14,o3i'Sacks.---:Average to'sts. 71 ! (1. per Sack. ss. 30. lower than last return. UXBRIDGE; Corn.l nspector's Return.—Thursday, Oct. IS. Wilt. per lb. 7.21 los to 371 os= Beans gss od to rocs od Baric), per qr. c2s od to 6os New ditto, 72s od'2o Oats 525-od to 6os od Rye 6os od to 66s Gd PeAse Soli od to 132 s SEEDS. Red Clover (Foreign) -.- 765. tot 165. cd,.t. Ditto linglish' . - 6os. —s. to t3os. W.h.ite ditto .. - - . 90s. to r fos. do: Rye-Gra s s . - - ,28s. to 505. qugrter. Turoip,'White - - 12 S. od. IO 163.. buslr. Red and 'Green - - itis. od. to 2, 0 5. Whiter N vstard Seed. , -16 s. od. t o 235. ad. • . Brown ditto - 225. od. to 265._ o d. do. - Carraway seeds • - - 655. od. to 705. od Coriander do. , - .. 3is. c 1.1., to 4.:.5. einque - Foin - ' - s6s. cd. to 655. per qr. Tretoit - . - ZS'S. os. to 665. per cwt. Canary - . - 7 7.:5. to 85s. od. per qr. Oil Cake at the Mill, 171. 175._per thousa d. ' PRICE OF 110!'s.. ..._ . NEW B4Gs. NEW POCKET S. Kent,. - ~ io!. 0. to t [ 3!. os. I Kent, tO.o, to z6l. os. Sussex, gt. os. to 121. os. I Sussex, ;OE. os. to 141, es . . Essex, 9!. os. to 121. 12s. i Farnham, zzl. os. f 0241. oi: • NEWGATE AND . LEADENHALL MARKETS. By the Carcase. Beef 3s. 3d. to 4s. tod, 1. Veal 4s. 41. to 6s. od. Mutton ss. od. to 6s. 4d. Pork Oi. 8:'. to' 7s. 4d. Lamb' - 4s. 8d: to 6s, od. PRICE of LEATHER (per lb.) at J.EAI)ENHALL. Butts, 'so to 561 b. each - - 2,5(1. to agif. Ditto,":s6 to 661 b. each . - - - -20. to 3cd. Merchants' Backs, • .. . - , . 24t1. to 26ct. Dressing llides, . - - 1914. to 2:14. Fine Coach Hides, . - . 2441, to 220. Crop 'lidos, ;5 to 401 b. for cutting •- lid. to :.ta i Ditto, , Lis to solb. - I- I. tO'2L..r.' Calf Sitill3, 30 to 40lb. 33d. to 3tl. peqh, .. 53Ditto, . .to 7011). 33,1: to 4(,),! - per tb. -TottO, ' ' 70•16 licit). 3sft: to 4. - , i net' lb. Small Seals (Gwenland) 33i. oil. to 36-a. GAL per lb. Lat'ge ditto, - t2oS. to iS - S,. vr dozk;n. Coat Ski,.,s - 345. to u. 1.;. pet ,htto. l'anncd Morse Hides - .194.1.' to 23(1. . RAW -i I7LS, Best !letters & Steers,(perst.) Ordinary od to zs. (id to 3s 4d Market Calf i7s od. each Middlings '2S bd to 2S Ed - Eng,l-lorse 133 ad. to eis,:d, Shprtings -24 d- to 36d.. Lamb Skins - . . 2sd. -to 33d... PRICE OF St. James's Market ss.'rotl. Clare Market ss. 9d, Whitedlittp.. Market ss,' 91. ' per stone ofglb. TALLOW. Town Tallow 995. 6d. —.4: Yellow ,Russia 9s;. —S. , —s. White do. ---s. od: —s. od. Soap do. 945. soss. od. Melting Stua,72.s. od —.s. Ditto rotigh 435. •od. 455. Graves ios. od. Good Dregs 9s. od. /Wed, a iBs.—Curd t tau. I, —s. Lis. od.—Moulds tis. 6d. 1 7 5 . 4d. Average price 55 9ci. Yellow Soap, to4s.—.Mo Palm, Pr:ce of Candles per dozen, St. TAMES's HAY MARKET, Ocr. 19. Flay, 31. os..oci. to Si. ISS. od.—Aver. 41. 7s. 6d. Straw, 21. 2S. od. to 21. 53. Oki.—Aver. 21. 3s. od. WIIITECHAYEL UAV MARKET. (lay 41. 4s. to 61. Ss. od.— Aver. 51. 6s. act. Straw I. 16s. od. to 2i. 6s. od.—.:ver. 21. is. net. Clover 71. rys ad. to St. Ss. od.—.-Aver. 71. , i7s. COAL MARKET, OCT. 19. Ships at Market. Ships sold. Price. 7:;s Newcastle . . . 643- . . . 40s. Od. to 525. (Yd. 6 Sanderland . . .5 . . . 41e. Od. to .435. Oil. 1 Stone Coal . . . 0 . . . —s. od. MARRIED. On Thursday the Bth inst. at St. Marv's, Cardigan, Ed r•ardlieury Longcroft, Esq. of the Royal PeMbroke Rifle Corps, to tlizabeth, daughter of the late James BoWen, Esq. of Poutiderry, Pembrokeshire. • • • On the lAih inst. at Ullington, Robert Bell Price, Esq. of Bitterley, to Louisa, youngest daughter of the. late Henry Bevan, Esq. - - On Saturday;, at Mary-le-bonne Church, Major Archdale, of the 50t1 Beginient, to Mrs. John Bushby, widow of Cap-. tain Bushby, of the ttOyal Navy. The same t:ay, at St. Ann's Church, Chertsey, 'Mr.Smith „ Member of, the College of Surgeons, of the same place, t* Maria, second daughter 'of Thomas Marriott,. Esq. of .Old Broad-street. , • ' Lately, Monsieur Spiegel; a French Officer •(prisoner of war on paTolej, to 'Mary, daughter of Thomas Dutton, Esq. Mayor of .Chestertield. DIED. On Friday'last,' at Britwell-house, Edward Methuen, the infant son of the lion. George On Satnrday, the 17th inst. at Heston-House, Middlesex, after three dais of severe illness, Jarrics - Fraser, Esq. in the 76th veer of his age. _ ___ • The same morning - , 1.--eary, the only son of Mr. John We:li ster: O❑ Sunday afternoon", at tier house in Weymouth-street, Mrs. Shitfuci;',- relictuf the late John. Shiffner, Esq. - This morning, Mrs. Mary Johnston, of Dean-street,,Solio sqUare, relict of'the late Mr. Andrew James Johnston. PRICE OF .STOC ;KS YESTERDAY. South Sea Stock, Gi Excheq.- Bills, ald. per day, par, Is. pr. Ditto, AA. per hy, Cs. 3s. .ss. Bank Stock, • :avy 5 per Cent. Shl 4 p4r Cent. 74.73 . 3 per Cent. Red. 57 7 4 3 per Cent. Cons. 58al Bank Ann. 14 13-Itiths India•>tuek, India Bonds, 3s. 4s. (Es. pr. Onminm, 4 pr. impeiitti,3 pin. Cent. Cons. for 95th Nov. 5311 LONDON : Printed by THOMAS WOOD; of No. 37, Maiden -hue, Covent-garden r, and Published by 'WILLIAM ARMIGER • SCRIPPS, South Melton-tr Pet, Grosvenor-square, At the Svs4)FFlcE,Nci. 112, Strand, where AdeertiTements. Orders;"for• the Paper, Liters fgr tie Editor, ste, (post paid), be-addreSSed.• 1123 Get