The Sun. — London, England, 1837-04-05 00:00:00

MPROVEMENTS IN THE METRO POl As. Of if......---...-- The Select Committee ar4 );inted to consider of the most effectual plan for raising mor ey to carry into effect the ne cessary improvements reqr y ired in London and Westmin ster, and Middlesex and S arrey, and for the purchasing of the interest of the proprie ,tors of Waterloo and Southwark bridges, that they may be thrown open to the public free of toll, have made their re port. The following are the prin cipal improvements sugf rested, and which are explained in detail by the plans annexed to the report : CI TY OF LONDON. A new street from ti je Bank to the General Post-office. A new street from the General Post-office to Newgate street. The improvement ( of Skinner-street and Holborn-hill. A new street from ti Ile Mansion House to the Southwark- bridge. A new street from St. Paul's Cathedral to Blackfriars bridge. COU t :TY OF MIDDLESEX. A new street fro a.n Farringdon-street to the Sessions House, Clerkenwell. A new street from IVvstminster Abbey to Pimlico. A new street from Oxford-street to Plumtree-street, St. Giles's. A new street from II ower-street to Waterloo-bridge. A. new street fror a Finsbury-square to Whitechapel church and the Comt nercial-road. A new street from _Holborn. to the Strand, and takiNg down the houses on t he north side of the Strand, between the churches of St. ( lement Danes and St. Mary-le-Strand. The improvement of the thoroughfare from St. Kettle tine Docks to Eastc beep. The removal oft Biddle-row, Holborn. C OUNTY OF SURREY. A new street fro! n St. George's church, Southwark, tc Blackfriars-bridge. A continuation )f the proposed new street from St. i George's church, F ;outhwark, to Blackfriars-bridge, Wa terloo-bridge, and Arestminster-bridge, and to the proposed. bridge at Lambeth . It is estimated t hat these improvements, together with the purchase of the interest of the proprietors of Waterloo and Southwark Br . idges, may be effected for a sum not ex ceeding 1,200,0001. Two modes of raising the money have been brought under the-considera Lion of the Committee :-Ist, by an ad ditional duty of 6 , 1. per ton upon coal imported into the port of London ; 2d. by raising a sum of money annually by lotteries. According to the) evidence of Mr. Scott, the principi.l clerk to the Chambeeain of London, an additional duty of 6d. per ton on coal Ivrought into the port of London, calcu lated on the avera• ge quantity imported in the lest four years, would produc ;e 53,3271. 11 s. per annum. This annual sum could provide for the payment of interest at the rate of 3 per cent. per alluum on 1,500,0001., and discharge the principal in sixty-two years and a half, or at the same rate of interest discharge the sum of 1,200,090/. in thirty-eight years and a quarter, and, with the assistance of his Mijesty's Government, the Committee are of opinion that such sum:. of money could be raised at a rate of interest not exceeding three per cent. per annum. Upon the subjec t of lotteries Mr. Bish and Mr. Hesse were called ; and, ii•orn their evidence it would appear that a sum of 100,0006 to 200,0001. per annum could be raised by lotteries. They both concurred in stating that the evils of the insurance were entirely obviated by drawing the lot tery in one day, and that it was not the system of lotteries, but the number of days of drawing, which produced the in jurious effects complained of: In the event of the House agreeing to raise a sum of money for public improvement - the Committee suggest that a commission of twenty-on , persons, consisting of Members of Parliament, and the Cor poration of London, with county magistrates, should be ap pointed to raise a sum not exceeding 1,500,0001. to carry such improvement into effect. JONATHANIANA. WHO BUT US !—A condensation from the N. Y. Vat. :—Spring in New - York ; Summer in New York ; Autumn LI New York, are all sui gene is,—each as peculiar to New York, as New York is peculiar to all the cities ir the world. But Winter,—winter 'is the time when al things are huidled together in New York !—it is the time of times ; in which every thing is done ; in which ever: thing else is intended to be done ;—t ;e time when mei: think in a hurry, rat in a hurry, drink in a hurry, dance ir, a hurry, seep in a hurry, dream in a hurry, love if. It hurry, get married in a hurry, grow old in a hurry. die in a hurry, and are buried and forgotten in hurry!—Look at our Broadway in N.•w York hen for this month past, and he thankful th,t Heaven ha.- given yen eyes to behold the magnificent spectacle from the Battery to Harlem Broadway and the grea: Avenue, morning, noon, and evening, all the same, has been crowded length and breadth, from the extren-J ends and extreme sides, with thousands mating upon fwt, or upon runners (where is the difference ?) either to set or be seen by the passim! crowd. Talk not of Hyde-park. Cheapside, Oxford, Regent, or Newgite streets, in London. Speak not of the Corso in Rome, or of the Stado Toledo in Naples. Broadway against them all in fashion, beanty, number, and variety. In anything that lives, moves, and has a being, he it visih!e or invisibly, real or unreal, we challenge its eauai in London, Paris, Rome, or St. Peters burgh. If it be things instead of men, why then wr throw out a broad , r challenge, and defy an approximation to equality. But for the sleighing !—Come the four quar ters of the world to see it, and having seen it they she]; hide their diminished heads and blush. The glory of sleighing can be seen no where but in New York. Ever% vehicle that can move is put in motion. The huge mini busses that throng Broadway in other times are all placet upon runners, moving to and fro with the speed of steam engines. Belles that makes the heart jingle, and bell,: that jingle in the ear, are both upon the move, and each in great demand. Wine-pipes and hogsheads, doonlrames. and window-shutters, are metamorphosed into sleds and sleighs, each moving, Gilpin-like, to reach and outrun all who are before. Go a-head !—New York against the World ! Look . OUT !—CLEAR THE WAY THERE !—The Nen Jersey folks are going it like a hurricane on the railroad principle. No horse-power—no steam—no canvass—no thing hut real perpetual loco Act) and faiimity. Heat what the Monmouth Enquirer s.tich to the point : ‘• As to the locomotive, it is unlike unythin , r ever con structed, and a description can therefore give but a fah. idea of it ; but we will try to explain it a little. There are upwards of 500 springs, about an inch and a half wide. as thick as a shilling, and 11 fect long, mule of steel, th, same as the main spring of a watch ; these are wound around a number of spindles placed perpendicular in two trunks, hang on each side of the rail ; the spindle: le minate at the cog-wheels, all of which each side work into each other, and into a set of wheel works, which works into and turns the wheel that sits astride of the rail, and this puts the whole machine in motion. There is also for guiding an 1 balancing a small wheel before and another be hind the main wheel. It must be evident that these 500 springs (and the number may be increased) possess an im mense power, which if brought to bear on a single point, or wheel, will send a locomotive with the velocity of a tornado."' STOP THE DOG THIEF ?.--30 DOLLARS REWARD.—.I Will give the above reward to any person who will convict the thief that stole my Dog Tiger ; he is a yellow or cream coloured wire-hair Terrier, about three-quarters bull, of the largest size ; had a chain collar on his neck, with the name L. Jones, 16, Dumain, engraved on it. Should this adver tisement meet the eye of the thief, he is requested to untie the dog and let him come home, for if he is detected he will be severely handled by RALPH JACOBS, 11, St. Philip -street. MULTUM IN PARTO.—We have very often seen this Latin phrase employed, but never so appropriately as it may be in the case of the BowcryTheatre, provided the report of the Daily Express be true. That paper informs its readers this morning that the stage of the theatre is four thousand feet wide ; and the edifice itself being only seventy-five or eighty feet in width, simple people like ourselves, who never go to the theatres, may well be puzzled to know how so great a stage is contained within a house so little. Perhaps they fold it up like a pocket map ! A WIDOW BEWITCH'D.—The Newburgh Gazette—no doubt its editor is an ill-natural, musty, snarlish, snappish old bachelor—says that, in a late fire in that village, a buxom widow—fat, fair, and forty—whose local habitation and all her stock of worldly gear was enveloped in the de vouring element, being vociferously entreated by her friends from without to make her escape, and come out of the flaming tenement, " Indeed," says she, very coolly, " that I shan't, until I have found my curls r —Penn. Sentinel. MONEY WANTED.—We wish that some of our uncles in India would leave us 10,0001. when. they die, as a London s mstable's did him. John Barnes, " a knight of the long pole," lately received 10,0001. from an old uncle in India, whom he had forgotten long ago. They are selling ice in Calcutta for a dollar an ounce ; but that isn't much—we would have given two dollars for the ounce that tripped us up the other morning, if we could have had it before we stubbed our toes against it.—Nero York Express. " The Londoners are going a-head of us Yankees in the India rubber line. They have found that it makes first-rate candles! One Dr. - Birbeck, or Birkbeck, has made a great lot of 'em, and we are told they burn cle verly. After this, we guess there's no limit to the uses of the article. Camitchozic pills, by and by, will be found a sovereign remedy for the cholera."—New Orleans Echo. TOT HOMINES QUOT SENTENTIZE.—There is much 'hrowing about of brains among the Journalists of the 'es touching Andrew Jackson's new gold dollars. One As it as " classical—beautiful." Another, as " nently graceful,—the eagle especially of a novel and deli cate design." Another, Major Noah, says, " The dollar looks like a Brurnmejum medal ; the Goddess of Liberty a poor shivering half dressed wench, like one of the nymphs of the Five Points ; and the eagle a fac simile of a huge turkey buzzard, all wings and crop ;"—whilst another de dares that the Imperial Bird of Jove, surrounded by a shower of stars, is "exactly like Mooney's goose, all fudge and fooster, in the middle of a swarm of gallinippers !" " AWFUL !—A wife, and nine children, and flour fifteen dollars a barrel."—Boston Transcript.—" And twelve dol lars per ton for coals ;—fortunate that we, friend Walter, have no Little Responsibilities to feed and keep warm !" —Gloucester Telegraph..—" We are not. sure of that. We have ten Little Responsibilities which lie at our feet every night—and, sooth to say, it costs us a deal of trouble to keep them warm this cold weatber."—Boston Tran script.—" Then go and buy one of Dr. Ransom's patent toe warmers. But who shall minister to the affliction of a shilling loaf that may be carried into the waistcoat pocket ?—Tell us that, friend Transcript with your ba chelor indifference to the woes of housekeeping."—New York Daily Ad. " OH GERTRUDE, GERTRUDE !"—A lady in Vermont, named Fortune, recently, at one birth, presented her hus band with three fine daughters ; thereby verifying the old saying—" Miss Fortunes never come singly." .MARKET INTELLIGENCE. ( From the New London Price Current of April 4.) SUGAR.—The demand for British Plantation for the scale, as well as for refining, has been extremely moderate, and rather lower prices have been submitted to for brown and inferior soft yellow descriptions, but the supply at Market of good and fine grocery sorts being short, the quotations have undergone no change ; the purchases privately have not exceeded 900 hhds. and trs. ; the stock is now less than it was last year, and the deliveries continue to be greater than they were at this period last season ; thero have been few arrivals ; the last Gazette average price shows a difference of ss. 6d. when compared with that of last year. The stock of West India Sugar is now 9,2671111 d.. and trs , being 1,609 less than last year. The stock of Mauritius is now 61,800 bags, which is 13,120 less than last year (including the East India Dock). The delivery of West India last week was 1,823 hhds. and trs., which is 475 more than last year. The delivery of Mauritius was 6,919 bags, being 3,561 more than the corresponding week of last year (including the East Ir.dia Dock). This afternoon the Market was in a very inactive state, and the limited business done chiefly confined to the grocery de scriptions, but the quantity on show being scanty, no reduc tion in prices has been submitted to, except for the brown descriptions, which in some instances have been sold on easiec terms; the purchases have been confined to 450 }Ads. and Ira. The market for refined goods continues in a dull and de clining state, both the home and export buyers purchasing with much reluctance at a decline on former prices of is. ; Lumps in small parcels that would pass the stand-rd having been made at 765., and fine Crushed at 335. to 335. 6d. For the inferior descriptions of Bastards the request has been very limited, but for good qualities there has been a fair demand at fully former rates. Treacle has maintained last week's prices, and the demand continues good. In Dutch Crushed Sugar there is still nothing doing. This afternoon there was scarcely any demand from either shippers or grocers, and Lumps entitled to the double bounty arc offered at 755. 6d. MAURITIUS.— We have had a quiet market, the request by private contract having been very moderate, and none has been brought to public sale; there have been two arrivals, amounting. to 24,000 bags. This afternoon there was still little business doing, and 4,500 bags at public sale went at Is. to Is. 6d. reduction on former rates, grey for the pan sold at 51s. to 545., strong 575. 63. to 595., mid. bright grocery 535. 51. to 555. 81. EAST INDIA.-The prices of Bengal have been fully main tained, and from the home trade there has been a good re cuest ; 3,800 bags at auction were all disposed of at 345. to 355. 6d. for low to good white, and 30s. to 345. for damps. In Manilla there has been nothing doing ; 8,000 bags are ad vertised for auction on the 11 th instant. Siam of strong white quality would have commanded a brisk sale at fully previous rates, but business is still prevented for want of a supply. Of Java there is none here in stock. FOREIGN.—For the white descriptions there has been a good request ; the supply is still short, particularly of those of strong grain, and Brazil has advanced Is. ; in brown and yellow sorts a steady business has been done, and Is. advance has been obtained for yellow Havannab of strong grain ; all other de scriptions have maintained previous rates ; at public sale 1,300 chests yellow Ha►annah went at 253. 6d. to 295. for mid and good strong. 643 chests and barrels Brazil sold at 275. to 325. 6d. fur low to good strong 193. 6d. to 235. for mid ar,d goo I yellow, and 16A. to 21s. for low to good brown. 287 chests and 556 bags and barrels Brazil Muscovado are announced for auction on the 18th inst. Moi,AssEs.—The prices of West India continue firm, but there has been little demand privately, and 130 puns. 8:. Kitts at auction were only partly disposed of at 26,. for ord. The total deliveries of West India Molasses from the ware houses for home use for the week ending April Ist were 1,577 c,vt. RUM, BRANDY. - AND HOLLANDS.-For Rum there has been rather more demand, chiefly for Leewards of low strengths, 'but at prices rather below those of last week ; the sales have been 350 puns., Lecwards proof to 5 per cent. over at 2s. 2d to 2s. 33 6 to 11 over 2s. 4d. to 25. sd. ; Demerara, 30 to 33 over 3s. 31 to 3s. sd. ; Jamaica, 20 over 3s. 6., 30 to 32 over 33. 91 to 3s. 10d ; there have been few arrivals. The Brandy Market has been extremely languid. In the prices of Geneva no chanxe has occurred ; the business done has beer, moderate. The stock of Rum is 870 puns. less than it was last year, but in the hhds. there is an increase of 206. TALLOW. —The prices have receded a little and the demand for P. Y. C. for consumption has again been very moderate at 445. 6d. The transactions for doliveny have been limited. and 419. to 41s. 6d. his been accepted for the last three months. SPICES.—For Pimento the request privately has been mo derate, but the holders ask full prices. Pepper has been taken sparingly. Nutmegs are again cheaper at ss. 23. ; and infe rior at auction went at 4a. sd. to 4s. 6d. Amboyna Mace, at ss. 4d. to ss. sd. Malabar Ginger went at 21s. 6d. to 225. for inferior quality, and 178 barrels Jaamica white at 5/. to 81. for ord. to niid. PROVISIONS.—For Irish Butter the request continues ex tremely moderate. Foreign has been in steady demand at former rates; salts of best made at 108 s. Of Bacon there have been large arrivals, prices have given way 25., prime Wa terford in small parcels selling at 465. to 475. CHICCRY.—This afternoon at public sale 1,709 bags, only a small part of which found buyers at 12s. to 123. 6d. for gord sound. DYEWOODS, &c.-The Stock of West Indian and Spanish Mahagony is 2.593 logs ; Honduras, 4,842 logs ; Nicaragua Wood 2,336 tons ; Camwood, 70+ tons ; Braziletto 185 tons ; Brazil 220 tons ; Red Slanders, 433+ tons. Rica.-Bengal sold at 13s. to 14s. for middling and good white; Carolina has been in steady request at 32a to 341. COFFIE.-This afternoon the request for the East India descriptions admissible for home consumption at the low rate of duty was very ~good. Ceylon, at the 6d. duty, at prices 2s. to 3s. below the late private transactions. Good mid. pale sold at 70s. a 725. 6 , 1., fine green 793. 6,1. a 81.., first class sea damaged 68s. a 695. 6d., black triage 245., goo 1 ord. sound was taken in at 70s. Of 1,643 bags Brazil oily a small part were disposed of at 2s. decline, good ord. at 395. a 415., low ord 38s. 63-, the remainder was taken in at 395. a 40s. 63 for good ordinary. SALTFETRE.-The transactions in Rough have been only to a limited extent, found buyers at 24.. 63. a 255. Gel. for Calcutta refraction 3 to 9, the remainder was t,lten in, re fraction 31, good strong at 255. 6d. and refraction GI a 11 at 245. a 255. Good fair Calcutta, refraction 111 a 121 at 245. LOGWOOD at 8 1 . 17s. 6d. a 91. 2s. 6d. NICARAGUA WOOD at 111. 15s. to 11/. /7s. 6d. POOR LAWS. The people have, during the past week, been called'on to discharge an important local duty—the election of Guardians to administer the New Poor Law ; and the be nevolent will earnestly hope that the selection may prove not only advantageous to the rate-payers, but to the needy and suffering poor whom hard necessity compels to seek pa rochial aid. A considerable portion of the evidence taken by the Committee of the House of Commons in their in quiry into some of the regulations issued by the Commis sioners and their Assistants, which by some are consi dered to be oppressive in their application, has been already published ; and the necessity for that inquiry was, we think, obvious—first to remove from the minds of a portion of the public that prejudice which exists —and secondly, to ascertain whether the law, as hitherto administered, does not operate, in some cases at least, with too great severity, especially in the denial of ont-door relief to the labourer, without regard to the num ber of his family, except in sickness. The order to limit relief in such cases has not, it is true, yet been generally enforced, although the Commissioners had the power of doing so at the expiration of the first year after the passing of the Act ; but the evidence before the Committee re specting the Petworth Union, where it has been acted upon, clearly shews the effect which it produces upon the poor man, especially in the interval between the disconti nuance of relief and that rise of wages, which, it is ex pected, will eventually ensue. A writer in the Essex Herald—where we find the fore going remarks, discusses the question of Out-door Relief, which he thinks ought to be left at the discretion of the Guardians either to grant or to withhold—concludes a tem perate and well-reasoned article on the subject of the Poor law Amendment Act in the following terms : " The good effects of the present system—its tendency to induce the labourer to seek for employment, and to spend his earnings with caution—and the moral improvement which it has effected amongst the poor, are so apparent, that we would urge perseverance—temperate perseverance —and the result will not fail to reduce the Poor-rate within still more moderate bounds, though certainly it cannot be abolished, for it would be deceptive to encourage an expec tation that the poor will ever cease out of the land.' In this county, we are happy to say, the discretion of re lieving the deserving poor man who seeks for work, and performs it diligently when found—who spends his wages with economy, and sets his children examples of honest in dustry and moral habits ; but who, from the number of his_ children, is unable to provide for their maintenance, has never been wrested from the Guardians ; and we feel as sured that to discriminate between such characters, and the vicious, the profligate; and the idle, will be no difficult task if the gentlemen who have been elected to office will dili gently attend to those duties in which they have voluntarily engaged? IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS, ArRIL 4. The SPEAKER took the Chair at the usual hour. Mr. COLLINS, the new Member for Warwick, was introduced by Sir Ronald Ferguson, and another Hon. Member, and took the oaths and his seat. Mr. Adams appeared at the bar, and presented the annual Rep'ort of the Commissioners of the Holyhead Loans, which was laid on the table. Mr. Bousfield, from the Bankruptcy Court, presented returns, which were also laid on the table. . Mr. LOWTHER — P;;;;;;er;Petition from York against the North Midland Railway Bill. Mr. DOTTIN brought up the Report of the Committee on the London and Greenwich Railway Bill. The LORD ADVOCATEpresented a petition against the Trinity Harbour Bill, and a petition from Leith in favour of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway Bill. Mr. TOOKE presented petitions from the Trustees of the Chester and Woodside Ferry Roads against the Chester and Burtonhead Railway. On the motion of the Hon. Gentleman, the Leicester Small Debts Bill was read a third time and passed. Mr. H. HUGHES presented a petition from the Cor poration of Oxford, praying that the Oxford and Chelten ham Railway Bill might not pass, without a clause giving them compensation for their tolls. On the motion of Lord W. BENTINCK. the Pollock and Govan Railway Bill was read a second time. On the motion of Sir A. L. HAY, the evidence taken before the Committee of 1835 on the Trinity Harbour Bill was ordered to be referred to the Committee now sitting on the said Bill. _ _ _ CASE OF R. LILL. Mr. T. DUNCOMBE presented a petition from Mr. Birch, of Lincoln's Inn, which stated that a petition had been presented by the Hon. Member for Ipswich from Richard Lill, complaining of the conduct of the Directors and others interested in the London and Hammersmith Railway Com pany. Subsequently a petition was presented by the Hon. Member for Bedford from the same Richard Lill, stating that he had been deceived with regard to the prayer of the former petition, and that he had been induced to sign it while in a state of intoxication.—(Hear, hear.) The present petitioner was a most respectable man. He had drawn out the first petition, and now stated that he be lieved the allegations it contained, and he prayed that it might not be allowed to be withdrawn. If the House should allow it to be withdrawn, he was instructed to say that the Southampton Railway Company wouldtake up the petition, and prove all its allegations. The SPEAKER enquired what course the Hon. Mem ber intend d to take, ? Mr. T. DUNCOMBE said that he should now propose that the petition be printed, and on Thursday next he should move that it be referred to the Deptford and Dover Committee. Mr. HUME thought that the enquiry should be con fined to one Committee. Mr. DUNCOMBE said that thEt was his objection. All he wished was that Mr. Lill should not be allowed to withdraw his former petition. The SPEAKER thought it right that the subject should be referred to only one Committee ; a practice had grown up of late of first presenting petitions in favour of a Bill and then against it ; such a practice required to be watched with great care, in order to uphold the high character of the House. In his opinion sonic decisive steps should be taken on the subject; perhaps the better course would be to refer the petition to the Deptford and Dover Committee. Mr. T. DUNCOMBE coincided in the suggestion of the Speaker, and the petition was accordingly referred to that Committee. The Hon. Member also presented a pe tition from Sir John Ainslcy, against the Home Reservoir Bill. Mr. Alderman COPE L AND presented a petition from an individual against the Manchester, Chester, and Stafford shire Railway. On the motion of Mr. PALMER, the Streatley and Goring Bridge Bill was read a second time, and ordered to be committed. GARDNER'S DIVORCE BILL. On the motion of Mr. TOOKE, Gardner's Divorce Bin was ordered to be committed on Thursday next. LICENSED VICTUALLERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY. On the motion of Mr. HAWES the Licensed Vic tuallers' Assurance Company Bill was read a third time, and passed. On the motion of Mr. BROTHERTON the Antrim and Coleraine Road all MIS read a second time. On the motion of Mr. BROTHERTON the Belfast and flolywood Road Bill was read a second time. Oo the motion of Mr. WILSON FATTEN, the Man chester, Bolton, and Bury Canal Bill was read a second tiwo. On the motion of Mr. HUTT, the Roborough Hundred Small Debts Bill was read a second time, and ordered to be committed. Mr. Council of Cupar, against the Sheriff Courts' Fees' Bill. He moved that the petition be printed, with the votes, in order to bring it under the consideration of the House on Monday next ; also a petition from the same place, praying that the mails might be sent by stage coaches through that part of the empire. As the subject of that petition was also a new one, he should move that it be printed with the Votes, for the purpose of bringing it under the consideration of the House on Tuesday next. The Hon. Member then presented petitions from Brid lington, South-Shields, Aldborough, Southwell, Maryport, and other places, in favour of the Shipping Gazelle. The Hon. Member then presented a petition from the bakers of Greenock, praying that foreign corn in bond might be manufactured into bread and biscuits,duty free, for exporta tion. Lord COLE presented three petitions from places in the county of Durham, against the abolition of Church Rates. Similar petition? were presented by Sir C. Dalbaie, Mr. A. Trevor, Mr. Clive, Mr. Palmer, and Mr. Hardy. Mr. HUME presented five petitions in favour of the plan now before the House for the abolition of Church rktes, from parishes in the mantles of Leicester and So merset. Petitions with a similar prayer were presented by Mr. F. Manic from Crieff, by Mr. Thorneley, and by Mr. H. Tracy. Mr. RAMSBOTTOM presented a petition from the guardians of the poor of the Windsor Union, praying that no material alterations might be made in the Poor Law Amendment Act, as they had in one year's experience made a saving of 40 per cent. Mr. BROTHERTON presented a petition from the medical practitioners of Wakefield, praying for a revision of that part of the Poor Law Bill which related to the supply of medical advice to the sick poor. Mr. HINDLEY presented a petition from Ashton under Line, praying for a reduction of the duty on Tobacco. Also from Ashton, Warrington, and another place, praying for a repeal of the duty on Soap. Similar petitions were presented by Lord G. Somerset, Mr. Hutt, the Lord Advocate, Mr. Lambton, and Sir Charles Dalbiac. POOR LAWS. Mr. G. KNIG HT presented a petition from Nottingham, signed by 1,700 persons, against the Poor-law Amendment Act. The Hon. Member stated that he could not concur with the sentiments expressed by the petitioners, as it was his opinion the petitioners had misconceived the new Poor-law Act. It was his belief that it was as beneficial a measure as ever bad passed that House, and that it was calculated to increase the comforts and happiness of the poor. SHIPPING GAZETTE. Mr. TOOKE presented a petition from Truro praying that the Shipping Gazette might be relieved from the charge of postage. The Hon. Member understood th a t th e matter was now under the consideration of his Majesty's Govern ment, and he trusted that the result of that consideration would be that some relief would be afforded. sixty-four indi- Mr. HUNIE presented a petition from the inha bitants of the Island of Collonsay, in Argyleshire, stating the distress that existed in that island, and pray ingvid u a fo l s r , ti n ti m on yv w e a re s s m ig a n rk ed sm b e y n ; and he (Mr. Hume) thought that two-thirds of the peti.tibners not be froerltieyf-eighTthoefpcev ing able to sign their names was a sad disgrace to the gentry of that country. POOR LAWS. Mr. WALTER presented a petition from the rate payers and gentry of Wigham, praying they might be al lowed to conduct the management of the poor on th e same principles as h a d hi t h erto g i v en satisfaction to all parties. The Hon. Member also presented petitions from Hyde in Suffolk, and other places, against the principle of the Act, NATIONAL EDUCATION—IRELAND. Lord STANLEY presented a petition from the Bishop and Clergy of the diocese of Derry and Raphoe, praying for an investigation into the operation of the system of Na tional Education in Ireland. CARLOW ELECTION. The SPEAKER informed the House that the peti tioners who had presented a petition on the 9th of March last, complaining of an undue return for the county of Car low, had not entered into the required recognizances, and the order for taking the petition into consideration was then discharged. SOUTHWARK AND HAMMERSMITH RAILWAY Mr. BROTHERTON presented a petition from the Directors of - the Southwark and Hammersmith Railway, praying that the parties who had imposed upon that House might be called to the Bar and punished. Colonel THOMPSON presented a petition signed by 96.5 inhabitants of Kingston-upon-Hull, praying for an in vestigation into the case of the private Richard M'Cor mick. Also a petition from the same place in favour of the Bill for establishing County Boards. The Honour able Member then presented a petition from Fenton, in the Staffordshire Potteries, praying fur the total aboli tion of the Corn Laws, and a petition froth Bradford, to the same effect. Also a petition from the Merchants and Shipowners of St. Ives, praying that the Shipping Gazette might be allowed the same privilege as was afforded by the Post-office to a similar publication in many respects its inferior. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL presented a petition from Edinburgh in favour of the Trinity Harbour Bill ; also one from the same place, numerously signed, praying for the total abolition of Church-rates. Mr. HUME was about to move for returns relative to the expenditure for the Army and Navy, but at the suggestion of Mr. P. Thomson, he deferred the motion till to-morrow. An HON. MEMBER presented a petition from the Les sees of Church Property in Durham, praying that in any iteration that may be made in the ecclesiastical property, their interests might be protected. WILLS. • Sir R. INGLIS wished to ask the Attorney-General when it was his intention that the discussion should take place on the second reading of the Bill for the Alter ation of the Law with respect to 'Wills. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL could not name any particular day, but he thought that the Bill might be read a second time without discussion, inasmuch as the Lords had sent it down in the same shape as the one of last session. Any objection that was desired to be made by any Hon. Member might be taken in Committee, and he would take care that the Hon. Member for Oxford should have notice when that Committee was appointed. Perhaps, on that • understanding, the Hon. Member for Oxford would allow him to move the second reading of the Bill the The SPEAKER suggested to the Hon. and Learned Member that that could not be done consistent with the Orders of the House. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL then postponed the second reading of the Bill. Mr. YOUNG presented petitions from Tcignmouth praying that the Shipping Gazette might be relieved from the payment of postage ; for the repeal of the duty on Marine Insurances ; and for the repeal of the duty on Soap. Mr. HUME gave notice, that he would on the 13th instant move that an humble Address be presented to his Majesty, requiring him to appoint a Committee for the purpose of inquiring into the alienation of lands set apart for the support of the Church in England and Wales, and to ascertain and report the terms of such alienation, and the authority under which it was made. BUDGET. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER gave notice that he would make his financial statement on the Bth of May. OXFORD AND GREAT WESTERN RAIL.WAY. Petitions were presented relative to the Oxford and Great Western Railway Bill, by Mr. Palmer, and several other Hon. Members. Captain PECHELL had pledged himself to satisfy the House when the report upon that Railway Bill was brought up, that it was unworthy of credit —( Hear, hear.) The landholders who had petitioned were thrown over board—the Committee had refused to entertain the subject of their complaints, and he (Captain Pechell) now came to obtain that justice for the landholders from the House which the Committee had denied them.—(Hear.) The Committee had come to a resolution that the preamble should not form part of the Bill, and it had been proved by evidence that of the sum stated to have been subscribed 8,0001. was fictitious, and numbers who had intended to take shares had withdrawn their names in disgust. The Committee was hostile to the landowners throughout, and they had drawn up a Report which he said was un true. The parties who petitioned against the Bill were utterly astonished to find that one of the Provisional Com mittee of this concorn sat in the chair in the Committee.— ( Hear, hear.) They were utterly confounded, and could not make it out.—( Hear, hear.) The Corporation of Oxford, too, had borrowed 10,000/. of the Govern ment, and their tolls would be lost if this Bill passed. It was, therefore, the duty of the Chancellor of the Ex chequer to take care of his money by throwing out this Bill. He had nothing to do with the measure—he had no shares in it—and he came, to use a phrase that had been adopted by other Hon. Members, "stark naked"—(Laugh ter)—hefore the House with respect to that measure. The line, he would fearlessly assert, was of no public benefit ; and such was the feeling with respect to it, that one of the clergymen who had been examined before the Com mittee stated that he would sooner ace Church-rates abolished than the railroad carried through the Church-yard of his parish. The Hon. Member concluded by moving that the farther consideration of the Report should be pro ceeded with that day six months. Lord GEORGE LENNOX seconded the motion. Mr. HUGHES HUGHES, in reply to the observa tions of the Hon. and Gallant Member opposite, begged to state that he had presented a petition to the House in favor of the Bill, signed by 1,100 of his constitueuts, and that the three county Members were in favour of the Bill. The assents to the Bill occupied six miles, and the dissents only four, but the assents were increasing every day. He trusted the House would not deny to his constituents the benefit which they had prayed for. Lord G. SOMERSET wished to offer one observation with regard to the proceedings in the 'Committee. He wished this line or some other should be carried from the Great Western Railway to Oxford, but at the same time he thought that when parties presented petitions against a Bill, they should be heard by their Counsel in Committee. He had seen the petition, but was not able to dis cover any informality whatever in it.—(Hear.) He was inclined to the Bill being sent back to the Committee. Although he should vote against the proposition of the - Hon. and Gallant Member for Brighton, he should think it his duty subsequently to move that the Bill be recom mitted, to afford the parties whose interests were affected thereby an opportunity of having the matter fully inves tigated. Mr. H AWES thought the House ought to be apprized that the Bill had gone through a Committee without any opposition. There had been no division upon the preamble, and these parties had then an opportunity of being heard against it. The Hon. and Gallant Member for Brighton had also an opportunity on that occasion of cross-examining the witnesses in favour of the Bill, and he thought it unfair that it should be again re-committed. After a short conversation, in which Mr. Young, Capt. Pechell, and Sir George Sinclair took part, Mr. ROEBUCK said it appeared to him that the House laboured under some mistake. It was said that the Counsel for the petitioners had not been allowed to cross-examine witnesses. Now, it appeared by the Re port that the petitions of Captain Pechell and Mr. Peel were not sufficiently specific to entitle them to be heard against the preamble of the Bill, and therefore their Coun sel were not allowed to cross-examine witnesses —(Hear.) Mr. R. PALMER considered that the Hon. Member for Lambeth laboured under an error. He (Mr. Palmer) thought it was clear that this was a case which tlip House should refer back to a Committee, and he would suggest to the Hon. Gentleman opposite if he would not gain his ob ject by taking this course ? Mr. HARCOURT begged leave to make a few re marks in answer to the charges brought against him by the Hon. Member for Brighton. Though his name appeared as one of the Provisional Committee for the Railway, he was not its Chairman, nor had he ever taken any part in its proceedings. It was a line of Railroad which he least desired ; but as it was one supported by him, and as it would be, as he thought, for the benefit of his constituents, he gave it his support. By the state ment of the Hon. Member it would appear that the land holders had not been heard by the Committee. Such was not the fact—the case was completely contrary. He, as Chairman, had suggested that the preamble of the Bill should be postponed until the resolutions had been considered, which was acceded to, and the conse quence was that the Hon. Member had the opportunity that day of presdnting a petition which being referred to the Committee, he next day appeared before them by Counsel and was heard for four days. The Committee sat for seven days, which was surely consideration enough for a line of ten miles. He regretted very much that the Hon. Member, as a landlord, considered this undertak ing as inconvenient to his land ; probably it might be ; but he (Mr. Harcourt) would say, as a landlord, that so thoroughly convinced was he that the undertaking would have no prejudicial effect on the land through which it passed, that he determined to give it his support. He thought it a useful undertaking for the country, and could not but express his regret that the Hon. Member for Brighton was not satisfied with the disposition that had been shown to accommodate him. He (Mr. H.) could not consent to the farther postponement of the considera tion of the Report, and should therefore give his decided opposition to the amendment of the Hon. Member for Brighton. Captain PECHELL then withdrew his amendment. Lord GRANVILLE SOMERSET then moved the re committal of the Bill. Strangers were then ordered to withdraw. The House divided, when the numbers were — For the Amendment Against it Majority The Report of the Committee was then further con sidered and the Bill ordered to be engrossed. BIRMINGHAM . AND GLOUCESTER R..AIL WAY The amendments to this Bill were read a second time, and the Bill ordered.to be engrossed. MANCHESTER AND LEEDS RAIL WAY. The amendments to the Manchester and Leeds Railway Bill were read a second time, and the Bill was ordered to be engrossed. LONDON AND SOUTHAMPTON RAILWAY. The amendments to this Bill were also read a second time, and the Bill ordered to be engrossed. SHEFFIELD AND MANCHESTER RAILWAY. On the motion that the Manchester and . heffield Rail way Bill be read a second time, Lord GRANVILLE SOMERSET considered that Members would not do their duty unless as in the present case they considered the risk which would be incurred by the public in carriages descending such an inclination as would exist in this line. Mr. PARKER defended the line of Railway which had been adopted, and referred to Lord Stanley as to the cor rectness of his statement. Lord STANLEY considered that the line of Railway would be dangerous in consequence of the inclination re ferred to, and when it was considered that there would also be a tunnel of three miles in length, he thought the Bill was objectionable. After a few words from Mr. WALKER and Lord G. SOMERSET, the Bill was read a second time. In answer to a question from Mr. Robinson, respecting foreign bonded grain being manufactured into flour, Mr. P. THOMSON said that he would have no objec tion to such a manufacture, but it must be under lock, in the same manner as foreign sugar was now refined for ex portation. Mr. ROBINSON did not consider that at all an an swer to his question. Mr. P. THOMSON said that he would bring in a Bill authorising such a manufacture. CANADA. Lord JOHN RUSSELL postponed the further consi deration of the Resolutions with respect to Canada, whi stood for to-morrow, till Friday se'nnight. The Noble Lord then proposed that the House should dispose of the dropped Orders. Mr. ENVART submitted to the House whether he was not entitled to proceed with his motion previously to disposing of the dropped Orders. After a few observations Irons Lord J. RUSSELL the dropped Orders were called over for the purpose of being placed on the list. Upon coming to the Imprisonment for Debt Bill, Saturday was proposed, and objected to, and after sonic discussion the question was adjourned till to morrow. LAW OF PRIMOGENITURE. Mr. EW A RT rose to renew the motion which he made in vain last session—that landed property should be made subject to the same laws as personal property, and that in cases where the deceased left no will (and where there was no settlement to the contrary) landed property should, like personal property, be equally distributed among the children or the next relations of the deceased. He believed this to be a subject which, if it did not now interest, would some day certainly interest the nation. As the merits of feudal prejudice and error were dispelled, it would be clearly seen how this proposal was fraught with justice, good policy, and truth. Last year when he made this motion he re ceived no answer, or, if his opponents gave him an answer, they were guiltless of giving him any reason. The Attor ney and Solicitor-Generals ought really to blush for the so phistry with which they met the proposition ; and, if he thought the Attorney and Solicitor-Generals could blush, he should have respectfully asked them to do so on that occa sion. First, he would ask them whether it would not, in frequent instances, prevent injustice, and carry into effect the real intentions of the deceased ? The Solicitor- General said last year that this measure would only meet one case in a hundred. If he had pursued his inquiries dur ing the recess he would find that he had been mis taken. Such cases were familiar. But he would only re fer the Law Officers of the Crown to a most able treatise (in which their reasoning was triumphantly refuted) by Mr. Bailey, the distinguished author of the " Rationale of Political Representation." That gentleman had pointed out cases, which in any town in the kingdom it was easy to do, of gross injustice resulting from bestowing all the freehold landed property on the eldest son only. As this was a matter of allegation and proof, he (Mr. Ewart) would cite the cases put by that genleman, and leave the Attor ney and Solicitor-Generals to deal with them as they could. One case was this : " J. P. purchased a freehold public house, and some cottages adjoining, for 1,5001; and bor rowed on mortgage 8001. He died suddenly, intestate, leaving seven children. The eldest son took out letters of administration, sold all the personal property, and after liquidating the few simple contract debts of the deceased, paid off with the remaining proceeds the mortgage on the freehold estate, and took possession of it as heir at law. His brothers and sisters were left entirely destitute, and were obliged to have recourse to the parish." I ask the Attorney and Solicitor-Generals whether this is not a case in which justice, and the probable intentions of the de ceased, were defeated ; and I respectfully pause for their reply. Again : " A. 8., a thriving manufacturer, bought the fee simple of the premises on which he carried on his business. He expended a considerable sum in im provements, and, in doing so, contracted debts. Had he lived he would in all likelihood have discharged these debts, and realised a handsome fortune. But he died suddenly, intestate, leaving two sons. Nearly the whole personal property went in paying off the debts contracted in impro ving the freehold ; and unless the elder, on coming of age, acts with a justice beyond _the law, his brother will be lft in a state of destitution." Again, I put this practical case, founded on fact, to the Attorney and Solicitor-Generals, and I wait for their demonstration of the justice of the ex istine- law. But I abstain from citing further cases. I refer my Hon. and Learned Friends to the book, and to the ir refragable,assertion which it contains, that instances such as these abound. I proceed to another legal point, and I ask the Attorney and Solicitor-Generals this question—would it, or would it not, be a public good that the law respec ting the two species of property should be uniform ? What can be more absurd than that, of two species of property dif fering not in essence but in name, one should descend all to the eldest son, while the other is divided equally among the children ? Such is the law as it stands at present. A man possesses a freehold, and a leasehold property for 999 years. What is the essential difference between the two ? Yet the freehold property goes exclusively to one—the 999 years' lease is equally distributed among all the children.—(Hear, hear.) But the author already cited had put this absurd inconsistency of the law in mak ing the descent vary according to the tenure (or rather according to the name) of the property in so striking a point of view, that he (Mr. Ewart) could not do better than give his description to the House :—" A merchant dies without a will ; he leaves a share in an old inland na vigation Company worth 2,000/. ; this (by the inconsistency of the law) is deemed freehold estate ; consequently, the eldest son takes it all. He leaves, further, 2,0001. worth of shares in a modern canal ; this is all deemed personal property, and goes among his children equally. He leaves a freehold mansion worth 4,0001., subject to a perpetual rent-charge ; this goes entirely to the eldest son. And he . leaves a warehouse worth 4,0001., built on land leased for 999 years ; this is divided equally among the children." Again he (Mr. Ewart) asked the Honourable and Learned Gentlemen whether the law should not be uniform ? Did they admit it ? They would not say that the per sonal property should all go to the eldest son, like landed property. Then they could only come to the same con clusion with himself (Mr. Ewart), and make landed pro perty (in cases of intestacy) descend in the same just and equal Manner with the personal estate of the deceased. Another question on the legal bearing of this proposal lie would put to the Honourable and Learned Gentlemen. It was this—would it not be better that all property, landed like personal, should pass through the executor or adminis trator, instead of passing the real property through the heirs of the deceased, acid the personal property through his executor ? The executor and administrator are easily found ; they are recognised representatives ; the heirs may be scattered in different localities, or they may be unknown ; this uncertainty involves litigation. Uniformity and eco nomy would be at once consulted by using, for both species of property, the same channel of conveyance, and adopting as the representative both of landed and personal property, the executor or administrator of the deceased. On this point, also, he (Mr. Ewart) expected the answer of his Hon. and Learned Friends ; and unless their affection for Chancery suits dimmed their intellectual vision (which he could not believe) he should have their answer in the affirmative. But it was by no means to mere legal amendment that the ope ration of this change would be confined. It was better for the commerce of the country that land should be subject to the same laws, chargeable with the same obligations, and descendable in the same manner as personal property ; that it should have the same rules of interchange and distribu tion, and be endowed with 'no qualities of artificial accu mulation. In a more comprehensive and political view of the question he would ask what civilised nation had not approached, more or less, to the principle of equal distri bution ? Such had been, in a greater or less degree, the law of the ancients ; such was the law of the most enlight ened modern nations. " In the code of Justinian," says Gibbon, in his celebrated view of the Roman law, in the 44th chapter of his " Decline and Fall," " the insolent prerogative of primogeniture was unknown ; the two sexes were placed on a just level ; all the sons and daughters were entitled to an equal share of the patrimonial estate." The same view is taken by the most eminent writers on the science of legislation. He would refer them to the pages of Filangieri and of Bentham. Or, if they wished for an authority to which both parties would look with reverence, I he would cite the words of Adam Smith, who said (in his Wealth of Nations"), " This natural law of seecession took place among the Romans, who made no more distmc tion between elder and younger, between male and female, in the inheritance of lands, than we do in the distribution of moveables. In the disorderly feudal times; the security of a landed estate depended on its greatness. Hence the ori gin of the law of premogeniture. In the present state of Europe, the proprietor of a single acre is as perfectly secur.: of his possession as the proprietor of a hundred thousand. And this is manifestly the view taken of the origin of primo geniture taken by Burke in his " History of England." But, perhaps, Gentlemen preferred a legal authority on this subject If so, let them turn to the pages of Blackstone. In the second volume they will find this passage, " The too great accu mulation of property is the natural consequence of our doc trine of succession by primogeniture, to which the Athe nians were strangers. Of this accumulation the ill effects were felt even in feudal times ; but it should always be strongly discouraged in a commercial country, whose wel fare depends on the number of moderate fortunes engaged in the extension of trade ?" Let me ask (said the Hon. Gentleman) whether the sense of property, the feeling that he has something which he can call his own, is not a natural bond which links a man, be he rich or poor, to fibe country of his birth ? We acknowledge the truth of thul principle in the case of the rich ; why should we renounce it in.the case of the poor ? The feeling of proprietorship is the parent of social freedom and of personal indepen dence. In countries like Norway, and France, and Ame rica, where it abounds, you will readily trace its results in the elevated independence of the people. The word " poor" may be familiar there, but the word " pauper" is unknown. Is it or is it not wise to extend to as many of the people as possible an interest in the well-being of the community ? If such a policy be generally wise, it is much more so in times like these, when education and habits of good order are extending, and giving an additional guarantee for the independence and virtue of the less wealthy portion of the people. But, he would ask, were they not themselves recognizing this principle in adopting the allotment system? This system of letting out small portions of land to the labouring class was generally ap proved ; and if good conduct and independence were the. result of leasing small holdings, the principle must hold equally good, and even be more apparent, when the labourer is a small proprietor instead of being a small tenant. But it is not the independent character alone, it is to the moral and social fcelirg engendered by the systems of equal and unequal partibility of property that the legislator ought to look. All experience and the evidence of all writers tell us that, where the system of primogeniture prevails, the had passions, the more selfish motives are encouraged, while domestic peace and social harmony are the offspring of the principle of equal partibility. He might be mistaken (and he hoped he was) ; but it was his opinion that when history came to trace effects to their real causes, to investigate not only the outward laws, but the inward man ners and habits of the people, much of .what was monstrous in the social and political condition of this country would be traced to the prevalence of the law and cus tom of primogeniture.—(Hear, hear, hear.) Around this false principle the evil passions, human interest, selfish motives, the darker feelings which injustice engendered, grew, to taint and poison the atmosphere around them. Around the opposite principle of equal partibility you find the household virtues, the endearing affections of domestic life—unestranged by the insolent injustice of an unequal law—the gentler feelings, which at once bind together, and bless and adorn society. With this impression on his mind he moved " That leave be given to bring in a Bill, providing that in cases of intestacy (and in the absence of any settlement to the contrary) landed property be equally divided amongst the children or the nearest relatives of the deceased." The ATTORNEY-GENERAL felt bound to oppose the motion upon several grounds ; first, because the law as it at present stood appeared to him to require no amend ment : second, because the suggestion of the Hon. Mem ber, unless carried much further than he proposed to go, would enable him to gain nothing ; third, because, instead i of simplifying the law, it would tend only to embarrass t ; and fourth, because, to be carried into effect, it would re" quire a totally new code, destroying the distinction that at present existed (and upon which all the laws of Bagland affecting property were based) between real and persqnal property. Independently of these objections, it did Mr appear that the measure was in any way called for by the public. There had been no meetings to consider of it, no petitions to demand it. It was, in fact, a mere speculative question, and one upon which he thought the House ought not at that moment to waste its time. The question was then put, and the House divided-- For the motion Against it ..... Majority DUTY ON SOAP. Mr. GILLON rose to bring forward the motion of w hiele he had given notice, for the abolition of the Duty on Soap , It was his duty in the first place to show that the state of the revenue was such as to admit of the reduction he pro posed, and which he admitted was considerable. It ap peared, then, that the surplus revenue on the 6th of Ja nuary last amounted to 2,570,957/., and that the duty upon soap in the course of the year produced a gross revenue of 977,067/. ; a net revenue, after deducting the drawback - , the expense of collection and other charges, of 779,067 1 . So that after deducting the whole clear revenue paid into the Exchequer arising from the duty on Soap, there re mained a very considerable surplus of revenue available to the Right Hon. Gentleman for relieving the people from any other particular burden which might press heavily upon them. Another reason why the duty on Soap s hould be repealed was, that whereas the duty had gone on rapidly increasing with regard to other articles connected with the Excise, the duty on Soap was rapidly decreasing. The strongest proof of this was to be found in the fact, that the quantity of Soap on which duty had been charged in 183 6 was less than 1835 ; whilst the increase of consumption on other excisable articles—as bricks, glass, malt, paper, spirits, &c.—had caused a surplus, even after the reduction of the paper duty, of about 1,200,0001. Quantities charged with duty in 1832, before reduction of duty Ditto, in 1834 54 -33 lbs. 143,000,0 00 152,000,000 11,000,0 00 • nearly 8 160,000,000 Rate of increase per cent Ia 1835 Increase per cent. on 1834 During the last year ending in January, 1836, there had been a decrease of the sum paid into the Exchequer for duty collected on soap from one to two per cent. ; and dur ing the quarter ending the sth of April following the de"' crease had been considerably greater. This had occurr ed whilst the country was in a state of unexampled prosperity The only way, therefore, to account for it was, that the population had been supplied with soap by the smuggle"' The facilities for smuggling were many—lst, the con" ceutrated nature of the alkali now used, as compare' with that formerly employed ; 2d, the great temptation held out to smugglers—the coast of materials heel .57/. 55., of labour (including coals) 71. 55., duty 35 1 . ~ —lOOl. for common brown soap ; 3d, the number of small manufacturers who took out a license with th e sole purpose of smuggling ; 4th, the fact that th ere were three thousand candlemakers, who had all th e utensils and materials, on whom there was now 110 ex' cise survey—these could all smuggle if they cho se ; sth, the facilities of intercourse with Ireland, where there was no duty. The report of the Commissioners showed the system of smuggling going on there, and the annoyenef thereby created to the owners of vessels, who were oblige": to give large bonds, and incur heavy losses, from the fr au° of other people. So that to defraud the revenue of 351 45 i: an expenditure of 71. 10s. only in labour was requ ire ,„ Another objection to the duty on soap was the very ef o noxious nature of the Excise regulations. The loss by to absurd mode of taking the soap from the frames, in one seeeP. r tnanufactory, amounted to 6001. per annum for duty ale e Again, the duty on soap very seriously interfered w ith o t t foreign trade in that article. There had been a very 0 ' 1. 7 , terial progressive decrease, during the few past Y ee t ., in the amount of exportation. 't he export of soap lone ° od in 1830 to 14,657,666 lbs. During these three years there vciistb3; 1831 to 15,506,561 lbs. bounty on exportation equal t° 1832 to '22,078,000 lbs. Customs duties. 1 dell 1833 to 25,650,1168 lbs.—Year of the reduction of the duty, 1834 to 23,718,273 lbs. 1835 to 22,946,674 lbs. the abolition of the boanty. 1836 The drawback on exportation did not cover th e ex b, duty since the withdrawal of the tenths ; besides whlucer there was a Customs duty on the raw materials. Toget"tr they amounted to nearly 31. per ton. The British menb, facturers were met in'the market by the Americans' °m being totally free from all excise restrictions, and 11 18 ° r f o r all Custom duties on the materials imported necessarYrero the manufacture, completely drove the British manufaetu out of the market. The latter were also successfully e: er peted with by the French in the manufacture o f the 'Pre descriptions of soap. Soap formed a very material Ica dient in many of our manufactures ; the duty , theref°rd 'the that article was a circumstance that essentially a ff e cte who interest of those other branches of manufacture. 00'1. 7 drawback paid to manufacturers in 183 5 was 54°000b the amount of duty paid on the soap used was 'scop, The manufacturers, therefore, paid 20,00 01 . duty on _ e ise besides the increased cost of making it under o ur e b lo a laws. Besides this, the manufacturers were in the 11 , e _ co order to avoid the annoyance of having their beeicsaikali mined by excise officers, of making together Par e lit y Of and oil, and this forming an imperfect soap, the q ua s id tic) which was very inferior, but which at the same time S ol• for duty. One house in the paper trade used to PY 6 00 4 d n eY soap, who did not now purchase a single poun • ve fi t tea this, there was another interest which would be b e Aut y orl to a very considerable extent by the abolition of the' THE SUN, LONE DtN, WPDNISDAY, APRIL 5, 1837. ••