The Sun. — London, England, 1852-06-25 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, June 24. Their Lordships assembled at Five o'clock, tho Loma CHANCELLOR presiding. The Earl of RODEN presented a number of petitions from different parts of Ireland against the Maynooth grant, and praying for the inspection of nunneries. ADULTERATION OF COFFEE. In answer to a question from Lord TORRINGTON, The Earl of DERBY said that it was the intention of the Governtnent to rescind the minute of 1840, which permits the admixture of chicory and other articles with toffee; at the same time, as the simple rescinding of the minute would leave grocers and others exposed to pro secution for keeping on their premises articles which might be used for the adulteration of coffee, instructions would be given to the Excise not to press for penalties -where these articles were kept is separate packets, and marked as being what they really were. After a few words from the Earl of MINTO and Lord BEDESDALIC, the subject dropped. BENNET'S DIVORCE. _ Lord MOUNTCASHELL moved the second reading of this Bill, the consideration of which, it will be remem bered, was postponed sine die. The Noble Lord entered at considerable length into the circumstances of this case, which were reported in our columns at the time they were given at the bar of their Lordships' House. The LORD CHANCELLOR opposed the motion. The Noble Lord had introduced matters not upon the evidence taken at the bar, and he had been guilty of the great irregularity of referring to a speech asserted to be delivered by him (the Lord Chancellor) at the conclu sion of the case. In vindication of the justice of their Lordship's house, he (the Lord Chancellor), as w holly responsible for the circumstance of the second reading not having taken place, then entered into a detail of the whole case. He moved the Bill should be read a s econd time that day three months. Lord BROUGHAM had entire confidence in the judgment of his Noble and Learned F r iend ;b a ir o t m. he a called upon the House to reflect upon the most in Parlia ment, a single t an lolls course taken in respect to Divor ce ' not one of their Lordships ha vin g word of the evidence, though they were called pass a decision upon in the Earl of MOUNT- After a few words from o CASHELL, The amendment was agr eed to, and_ the Bill was nth or s. dered to be read a secon d time th at day three STANDING ORDERS. The Marquis of CL&NRICARDE then proceeded to call the attention of the House to th e standing,* order, No. 185, with a vi ew to the modification of the provi sions thereof in respect of Bills to be brought into Par liament in any future session. The order in question was the " Wharncliffe" order, and rendered it impossible to e ff ec t any change in the management of railways w ithout the expense of an A ct o f P arliament. Th i s was a great hardship upon the railway companies. The effect of the order was to enable large companies to prevent Parliament from considering any scheme of competition. R e proposed to refer the order to the Standing Orders Committee, with a view of considering the propriety of ' reducing the majority of shareholders now required to sanction an application to Parliament from four-fifths to three-fifths. Lord REDESDALE said the object of the order was to protect the shareholders from the directors of com panies, and if it had been feund to act oppressively, there would Wave been more than the single case of the Shrewsbury and Chester and Shrewsbury and Birming ham Companies to cite. He knew instances in which the proportion of four-fifths had prevented injury being done. As to the suggestion that the shareholders before voting should have had their shares for a certain and definite time, he thought it a valuable one; and with re spect to the proposition of the Nebio Marquis he thought it better to refer the order to the consideration of a less numerous Committee than the Committee on Standieg Orders, and if any alterations were made in the present regulations, it should be done on the fullest ant, most intpal inquiry. Mid HA` BERTON observed that the proportion of four-fifths appeared to have been adopted by the Com mittee without any grounds being stated for that course, and he was surprised that he bed heard no grounds stated by the Noble Lord (lledesdale) for its adoption. Wi:h reference to the specific case which had given rise to the discussion of the matter on a late occasion, he thought it hard diet the ironmasters of Staffordshire had no means of direct communication with the coast by railway. It was only by competition between the various railway companies that that could be effected, and if this order operated to prevent the establishment of that competition, he thought a modification of it, upon that and upon general grounds ought to be adopted. He had no objection to three-fifths being the majority instead of four-fifths. Tho Earl of STRADBROKE thought that three fourths would bo a late majority. The Earl of HARROWBY thought it advisable that the standing order should be maintained, for the pur pose of preventing the interests of the great body of the shareholders from being sacrificed to the jobbing of directors. The Marquis of L ANSDOWNE urged upon the House the necessity of protecting the interest of the public. Upon the subject of amalgamation, that was a question upon which it was most important that their Lordships should be able to pronounce nn unfettered opinion, re gard being had to the merits of the case. It was not to be determined by the particular interests of small com panies, liable to be influenced in the various ways their Lordships had heard described. But when the question arose between two great and powerful companies, he though they should look at it on public principle, and see which of these companies was the most likely, with reference to all the local circumstances, to become an amalgamated body the most useful in providing for the wants of the public. Now, he thought that if minori ties were allowed to settle these questions—and mnori ties might be tyrants as wel as majorities—their Lord ships might> find themselves in this position, that with the strongest possible public case in favour of certain companies to provide for a great line of communication, they would be debarred from entering into its considera tion by small companies stepping in and availed them selves of the order of the House, and saying to their Lordships that they could not and should not consent to the amalgamation. Earl GRA.NVILLE was of opinion that the House was quite prepared to entertain the question without referring it. Lord BROUGHAM said that the question ought to be referred, and that that should have been done three years ago. • - mu t t Lord LYNDHMIBTL said there could be no doubt that itislation upon thislubject was in a most unsatis factory state. The railway which had given rise to the question was one of the utmost importance to the inte rests of the country, and it was altogether monstrous that those interests should be defeated by combinations amongst smaller companies. He admitted that the re cent decision of the Standing Orders Committee was correct, and that there was no sufficient evidence to es tablish the charge which had been alleged against the co l o - or. Pa ny on that occasion; but it did certainly appear in * u m _evidence before the Standing Orders Committee ch - °lt a previous occasion shares were ostensibly pur of f aseci the e , o b y' and regis the tered accomplishment of ain the names oft e servants object, spa y, for th particular - and he did not know what reason there was to BUPP°Se th at the same contrivance had not been resorted to in the present instance. To prevent the recurrence of ouch a melt he was convinced that the best step would be t e .; a t a i t l a c ee, Lordships to reduce the proportion of the majority 4' The Earl 0 t t lziees frOm four-fifths to three-fifths. to the Standing 4 1 Y ll Committee Preferred sending the question to taking any hasty step with regard to it at the present moment. He was not at all satisfied that th e best or most effectual mode of d ea li n g with it would he - -fifths. to fix the majority at three fifths or fou•Batheby t h e thought it would be a point worthy consideration s t e p e sol l i u l n e o. C . ommtttee whether the most effectual shares of all persons who yotA : t oe ti to require that the certain period before their ,4 s hould be held for a effectual were given. That he thought would be an in future fm the against any com ingpany t a ki ng shares ,. . tne e t , of an in fl uence over the aecisi ou v rpose of exercis the proprietors' meetings. to. • er 4 to the Com- The motion for referring the qua ktir _ . The Consolidated Fund APPrePrta‘loo. o mitt.. urea ultimate l y agre ed . - , 1 was read a second time. The Militia Ballots Suspension Bill wai t tee d a second time. The Militia Pay Bill was read a Siee . °T2 4 ti k 4. The Navy Pay Bill was read a third tim e. h. The Pharmacy Bill was passed through u°l a l altt ee. rite Sunk Island Roads Bill was read a third a nte. SITITORS IN CHANCERY R ELIEF B A L L. The House having gone into Commit tee on this j un, Lord LYNDHURST moved the restoration, att er 01512 " 45 . of a clause which had been struck out by t he House. of Commons : relating to compensa t ion to the of floors in the Taxing Master's office. The Earl of DERBY said it struc k hi m that if the y increased the amount of compensation the other House would scarcely acquiesce in it. He would sugg est to the Noble and Learned L or d oppos i te to p o stpone the 9onaideration of this question until he had opportunity in a day of two of seeing how it was likely to be viewed by the other House. Then the Noble and Learned Lord would be better able to determine the coarse it would be advisable for him to pursue. At all events he hoped that the Noble and Learned Lord would not place so much value upon his proposition as to risk the passing of the measure by pressing his proposition at that moment'. . Lord LYNDHURST said that there were four of the senior clerks to receive compensation for the loss of the fees which they had been hitherto authorised to receive. He thought it would be most unjust if compensation were not awarded to the junior clerks also, in respect to such fees, inasmuch as under the existing sy s t em th e y would be entitled to occupy the offices of the sen i or clerks, and of course to r eceive suc h f ees i n t h e event of 10 45 acies occurring. He had therefore prepared a pro- Kea to effect that object. The LORD jectito sucii ,CHANCELLOR, having made some ob onperiod of the aproviso being added to the clause, at a Session ao when it would be impossible to pass the Bill if the H ouse of Parliament should dissent from the amendment" Lord LYNDlittits T . that he, for one, could never assent to what h, sa i d considered was injustice, in de ference to the will of the H orne t Commons. The LORD CHANCELLOR ofa Government. id that the Bill was not theirs, but that of the late Of Commons had kept it 50late The House t be f ore it came up to that House, that it was i mpossible o . make such an al teration in it as was proposed, without risking its safety in the present session.. Now, he the nght the Bill, in its main features, a most excellent rnee ettre, and ho would b e TV!' sOrifik it by making any alterations in it. l a - Tnijeurelli RST saidthere wee, acme Curious sasetiries'Ojett with this Bill. It was foun ded .ivetaio - if LOwitutittee of the other 1101 0 , --:f 'T.:;: j . i..--:: . . ..,) , ...-:j . : c- , - •,..i.,_' 1...... - -:• upon the , one of the ~ _.. T principal recommendations of which was, the aboli tion of certain offices connected with the courts. The Bill was framed under the superintendence of the Master of the Rolls in the House of Commons. It dealt in en unsparing manner with the officers connected with the Lord Chancellor's Court; but it had not touched the offices of the Master of the Rolls Court, except in rendering them more advantageous than they were heretofore. The clerk to the secretary of the Court of Chancery was not to exceed 2001 . a whereas the two or three clerks of the secretary of y ear, tho Master of the Rolls were to have a salary of 300/. a year each.—(Hear.) He would not agree to pass mea sure into a law which in his opinion involved a principle of injustice. Tne question was then put, and Cue we understood) the proviso was negatived without a division. The Bill then passed through Committee. The Commons Enclosure Acts Extension Bill was re ported with amendments. The Appointment of Overse3rs Bill was read a third time and passed. HEREDITARY COLONI ASUAL REVENUESBIL.E IN THE ES On the motion that this Bill be read a third time, The Duke of NEWCASTLE said he was not alto gether satisfied with the Noble Earl's explanation of this measure. He w ished particularly to have some explana tion of the second clause providing for appropriating the surplus a rising from the sale of waste lands. As tar as he understood the principle of the Bill, he thought that the Government had acted most wisely in reference to the waste lands and mines. The Earl of DERBY said that the Bill was framed with the view of removing some doubts that existed in r a e r f i e s r in e g nc o e ut to the of the le s g a a le l of appropriation is.astelan f tho se rev enues, arising rtehveeyheasd, been hitherto considered part of the hereditary re venues of the Crown, and were given in consideration of the civil li st, which was appropriated by Parliament. It Was now intended by this Bill to give to the colonies the profits arising out of the sale of the waste lands and any mineral treasures of the colonies, instead of leaving them to be appropriated by Parliament. In reply to an observation from the Duke of NEW CASTLE, The Earl.of DERBY said that this measure could not be considered a permanent one that would meet every contingency that might arise in those colonies. Cf course a now arrangement must be made if the re venues of those colonies should hereafter be each as to require it. The Bill was then read a third time and passed. The Turnpike Acts Continuance Bill and the Poor• law Board Continuance Bill, the Inland Revenue Office Bill, and the Savings Banks (Ireland) Bill, were seve rally read a second time. WATER SUPPLY BILL. The Earl of SHAFTESBURY trusted that this Bill would not preclude the introduction of some other mea sure, having for its object the supply of purer water to the metropolis. The Earl of DERBY said the only alternative was to pass or reject the present Bill. He admitted the subject had not been fully considered, but still the only coarse left open to the Government, was to propose the pre sent measure or postpone legislation. It the measure were rejected for another year, most likely the public would be found in the same disadvantageous position in which they were at present. But thero was undoubtedly this merit in the Bill, that it pro vided a purer supply of water to the people of the metropolis than was at this moment within their reach. Lord CAMPBELL expressed a hope that the Govern ment would apply their attention to the general subject of a water supply to the public. The subject had hi therto been much neglected, but he did not charge that neglect on one Government more then another. He should much like to see measures of this kind originated in their Lordships' House. The Bill was then read a second time. On the motion of Lord COLCHESTER, the Thames Embankment Bill was read a second time. The Earl of DONOUGIIMORE presented a petition from Dr. De Ryshere, complaining of the manner in which his estate was sold in the Irish Encumbered Es tates Court, and moved for a return of the petition, affi davits, orders, rental, and particulars of sale, and all other documents recorded in the Irish Encumbered Estates Courts relating to the sale of the estate of Dr. D 3 By shere. The petition prayed.that the ease might be re ferred to a Select Committee of their Lordships' House. Their Lordships than adjourned. ELE CTION INTELLIGENCE. KING'S LYNN. Lord Stanley, son of the Premier, and Under-Secre- Affairs, has issued the following ad dtarreys;,f!_r Foreign "The approaching dissolution of Parliament induces me again co address you, a n d I d o so th e ra th er , b ec ause duties connected with the office which I hold will render it impossible for me, go long as the House of Commons continues its sittings, to solicit your votes in person. " Chosen by you for the discharge of an important trust, at a time ~hen neither personally nor politically had I the honour to be known to any single member of your constituency, I cannot but remember with feelings of more than ordinary gratitude the unusual and per sonally unmarited confidence which you reposed in me on that occasion. I hope that in the course of a brief Parliamentary career I have done nothing to prove my self unworthy of such confidence; and it would be to ma a source of deep regret if a connexion formed under cir cumstances so flattering, should be dissolved on a farther acquaintance. From my side, at least, the separation will not come. " But it is not of merely personal matters that I desire to speak. The state of public affairs is critical; and it is incumbent upcn you not to bo misled by any misrepre seutations9oncerning it. "A period of nearly six years has now gone by since the great Conservative party of England was first divided me hostile sections, by a diffdrence arising on both sides out of honourable feelings, yet singularly lament able in its results. Daring the greater part of this in terval the Government of the country has been entrusted to:an Administration formeston the narrowest basis and un supported by the confidence of the people. The want of ad ministrative energy displayed by the late Cabinet, though due in some measure to the circumstances in which they were placed, has materially retarded the progress of pub lic business, and left to their successors a legacy of unac complishedreforms. That greater evils did not followfrom the absence of vigorous and popular Government, is at tributable mainly to the interposition of Parliament, and to the agency of an Opposition at once forbearing and vigilant. The accession of the present Ministry to office, occurring at a moment when such an event was least expected, has been caused by no struggle on their part for the possession of power, but solely by the in ternal weakness and disorganization of their opponents. Already, in the face of a threatened agitation and a hostile House of Commons, they have carried through measures, in every department of public business, the necessity of which had long been severely felt, and the utility of which is generally recognised. "Law has been amended; the defence of the country provided for; on one great and growing colony repre sentative institutions have been conferred; and another has at last been permitted to enjoy the benefit of a constitution long promised and vexatiously delayed. These acts, not in themselves unimportant, are an ear nest of what may hereafter be expected from their au thors, when the expressed confidence of the country shall have given them a more secure position, and a wide scope for action. It is as a supporter and a subordinate member of this Administration that I now ask your suffrages. The designs of the Government will be more fitly explained in the course of the impending elections, by the responsible advisers of the Crown. But it may not be irrelevant here to call your attention to one or two of the principal questions which during the last three years have divided the opinions of Parliament. "The late Prime Minister, at the commencement of the present session, propounded a scheme intended to subvert that systeni of national representation which he himself inaugurated at the passing of the first Reform Bill. His proposition, condemned by the public voice, has fallen with its originator. But it is unquestionable that some inequalities and abuses exist in the distribution of electoral privileges; and where these can be rectified, or where an increase of population or of intelligence renders the actual franchise inadequate to the wants of the people, I cannot believe that the cause of the consti tution is bound np with the maintenance of a system im perfect in its details. To questions of this nature, how ever, not involving organic changes in the constitution, I do not ascribe that degree of importance which is sometimes given them. I believe that the House of Commons, as at present constituted, represents with tolerable accuracy the wants and feelings of every class; and I know that, practically, it opens to talent in every rank of life the path of distinction in the service of the State. These advantages are not secured to an equal extent by any other legislative assembly now existing in the world. of,"A measure was introduced in the sessio n o f 1851 , y persons conscientiously held to be a viol a ti on 4`°ngious liberty, for which, nevertheless, I felt it my In at , rote. I did so because I thought th a t th e as neesv , 1 7 of titular rank in this country, by the nomi wise r...2t foreign sovereign, could not be other ttexetir_rded than as an encroachment on the on the of. the Crown, and as an aggre s si on a ggression loetionality of England. Against this the only foe:pretest was required, and I supported ofi t na a en t ecti b o dy in a las s . ',retest which it seemed possible to em to tite estit I thought then, and I still continue and nner in which that law was framed aeyaterniespo_ansible. an imosity s oei n_n_bappily calculated to excite reli gious • t another. i''° array one portion of the empire against are alone this result the framers of the Act in question nnhkter, partially ' l ' the present Government has already been taneed in Parliament. It is, I think, unquestionable, 6an unduly bY the operation of the tariff of 184 been thro w g e proportion of the public burdens has the the • • Pon the land. Such was certainly v the oo ° t Sir Robert Peel, who, in repealing which tril;laws, proposed cora pensating measures , successors. ale not been carried into effect by his of f o reign corn, With regard to a tax on the importationtheannot consider it as b'ectior able in principle more J t large. But i tin n any other impost falling on the public 4- of the - l ineations of taxa tion, especially, the: feeling„ a .01 in Poeple is to be eon sidered; and I have nohesit tt sayi ng that reneer the imp ° • . believe that feeling to be such as to a nion of any protective duty impossible. " It is to economy in the national expenditure, and • that the 're vision of the national taxation,farmers of Eng land must look for the amelioration of their present condition. fe d as briefly as "I have now, gentlemen, stated, of thecould, my views on the most important questions day, If you approve of those views, and if yo u believe thatl shall, to the utmost of my ability, continu e honestlydo to have laid defend the political prinbiples which I wn it is for you to put in b rai d s th e men/215 carryi ng SUN, LONDON, them out, by again returning me as your representative to Parliament." THE CANDIDATES FOR THE PRESI DENCY OF THE UNITED STATES. NEW Yong, JUNE B.—The steam e r of last Saturday left just two hours before the news came of the nomina tion of the Democratic candidate for the Presidency of the United States. The result is precisely what I anti cipated, and intimated in my last letters. No one of the prominent candidates whose names came before the Convention was strong enough to command the undi vided support of the Democratic party; and Virginia, which has given us more than half our presidents from the time of Washington, and made most of the others, led the way for General Frank Pierce, of New Hamp shire. His name was hardly announced before the whole body of the Convention went over, and on the second ballot he was unanimously proclaimed. General Pierce is 54 years of age. Entering pub lic life very early, and achieving eminence at the bar, he distinguished himself in the Legislature of his na tive State, was several times elected Speaker of its Lower House, was afterwards a Member for six years of the House of Representatives at Wash ington, and in 1837 was elected a member of the United States Senate. He is a man of thorough academic education, great political experience, unble mished private character, and unwavering firmness and decision. He is, and always has been, eminently a national man, never having been connected with any of the factions or cliques of his party or of the times; and, although ho had not achieved so brilliant a reputation, nor made so much noise, nor had caused, or even allowed, his name to be brought forward on many occasions, still the ad mirable modesty of his character, his great private worth, and public integrity had won for him the confi dence and respect of all who knew him. Ho has from the beginning been devotedly attached to the principles of free trade, and in this respect, probably, he is one of our most enlightened statesmen. The Hon. William Rufus King (who, by the provi sions of the Constitution and the election of the Senate, has, in consequence of the death of two Presidents in office, twice become Vice-President of the United States) has for many years presided over the Senate. He is a man also of great political ex perience ; entered the Senate upwards of thirty years ago, where he has remained ever since, with the exception of an interval of three years, when he re presented our Government at the Court of France, from 1844 to 1847. He is a man of great dignity of character, integrity, and learning. He is moderate in all his feel ings; and although he is not a brilliant man, still he possesses all those qualifications which the position he is nominated to calls tor. A single word in regard to his prospects of success. At first the nomination of General Pierce took the whole country by surprise; but before twenty-four hours bad passed it seemed to give universal satisfaction to the Democratic party, and you will perceive from the tone of the Whig papers that they regard Mr. Pierce as the most formidable antagonist they could pos sibly have had to encounter. I believe there is not an instance in our history in which the Democrats have lost as election where they were perfectly united. General Pierce seems to have harmonized them com pletely, being an extreme northern man, brought for ward by the south, and receiving, as he did, the undi vided support of the entire Convention. The telegraph has brought us back the adhesion for him of every state in the union except California. That state is known to be democratic. It was aprehended that there would be a split in the Convention, for it was not sup posed that any expedient could be hit upon that would soften the asperities of faction and unite the entire de mocratic party. But this has been done most effectually; and, therefore, the impression seems to be universal among the Democrats, and generally among the Whigs, that the " ticket" will be elected. The Whigs aro all alarmed, and it is supposed that the action of the Democratic Convention renders Gene ral Scott's chances less flattering. Until the result of the Baltimore Convention was known, for several weeks events had taken such a coarse that no doubt seemed to be entertained that General Scott would be no minated. But so much discontent has manifested itself in the Whig party within a few days, and so many of its leading organs have committed themselves in so un qualified a manner against Gen. Scott, that it seems more than probable his nomination would only divide the Whig party, and consequently cut off their last hope of triumph. There is, in fact, so far as I can j u d ge , no hope whatever f o r them in the next struggle, unless they imitate the example of the Democrats—throw over board all their prominent candidates, and fix upon a young man who is obnoxious to no section of the country and to no portion of the party. If this be done there may be some doubt about the result; but I confess that for myself I entertain but very little. Other things being equal, the Democrats always stand the best chance; and now, when their intestine difficul ties and f eu d s are all healed up, at l eas t f or th e present, circumstances can hardly be conceived that would again inflame a spirit of disunion among them. The proba bilities are very strong that General Pierce, if he lives, will be the next President y the United States. In my next letter I will more minit — tely -- "Unfold the actual state of the political affairs of the country, and of both parties, and define the great issues on which the political struggle is to take place.—Times. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. On Wednesday the third grand flower show this season of the Royal South London Floricultural Society took place at the Surrey Gardens. The weather was as favourable as could be wished, or as the excellence of the exhibition deserved; and before six o'clock last night the gardens were completely thronged with one of the most numerous and fashionable assemblies which we have witnessed fur some time past. The show, which was of greenhouse plants, was remarkably fine, the pelargoniums and Cape heaths, in particular, exciting much admiration. Nor must we forget to mention fa vourably the display of roses and pinks, which, both for their size and variety, equalled anything of the kind we have seen at the Botanic. The following is a list of the prizes which were awarded to the successful competitors:— To CLASS THE FIRST (Private Growers, not culti vating Flowers, &c. for Sale.)—For the best collection of stove and greenhouse plants, 15 pots (orchideous plants excluded), large gold Victoria medal, Mr. Cole; for the second best ditto, small gold Victoria medal, Mr. Over, jun.; for the third best ditto, gold Albert medal, Mr. Roser; for the fourth best ditto, large silver Victoria medal, Mr. Stanley; for the fifth best ditto, large silver Linnasm medal, Mr. Ramp. For the best six specimens of orchideous plants in flower, small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Jarvis. For Cape heaths (in collections of six varieties), large silver Victoria medal, Mr. Smith; for the second best ditto, large silver Lineman medal, Mr. Cole; for the third best ditto, small Victoria medal, Mr. Over. For pelargo niums, in collections of six varieties (in 8-inch pots), large silver Victoria medal, Mr. Robinson; for the second beat ditto, large silver Linnman medal, Mr. Loch ner. For fancy pelargoniums ' in collections of six varie ties (8-inch pots), large silver Albert medal, Mr. Robin son; for the second best ditto, small silver Victoria medal, R. Mosely Esq.; for the third best ditto, small silver Linnasaa medal, Mr. Ruler. For pinks (in collection of twelve varieties, to be exhibited in the society's stands, and to be judged off cards), large silver Albert medal, Mr. Baker; for the second best ditto, small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Hardatone; fcr the third best ditto, small silver Lineman medal, Mr. Halliday; for the fourth best ditto, small silver Albert medal, Mr. Ellis. For roses (garden varieties, of out-door culture), in collections of twelve varieties, in bunches (not exceeding three trusses), to be exhibited in the grower's boxes, painted green, all others to be excluded, large silver Albert medal, Mr. Roser; for the second best ditto, small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Jarvis; for the third best ditto, small silver Linnman medal, Mr. Stanley. For ranunculuses (in collections of twelve varieties), to be exhibited in the grower's stands, small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Phillips; for the second best ditto, small silver Linnssan medal, Mr. Airzoe; for the third best ditto, small silver Albert medal, Mr. Hook. To CLASS THE SECOND.—Nurserymen, and all Persons growing Flowers, Bsc., for sale.—For the best collection of stove and greenhouse plants, 18 pots (orchideous plants excluded), gold Albert medal, Messrs. Rollison and Sons; for the second best ditto, large silver Victoria medal, Messrs. Pamplin and Son. For the best six specimens of orchideous plants, in flower, small silver Victoria medal, Messrs. Rollison and Son. For Cape heaths (in collection of eight varieties), large silver Linnman medal, Messrs. Rollison and Son; for the second best ditto, large silver Albert medal, Messrs. Fairbairn and C o . ; for the third best ditto, small silver Victoria medal, Messrs. Pamplin and Son. For pelargoniums, in collection of eight va rieties (in 8-inch pots), large silver Victoria medal, Mr. Gaines; for the second best ditto, large silve Linnman medal, Mr. Westwood; for the third best ditto, small silver Victoria medal, Mr. E. Hunt; for fancy pelargo niums, in collections of eight varieties (8-inch pots), small silver Victoria medal, Mr. E. E. Hunt; for the second best ditto, small silver Linnman medal, Mr. West wood. For ranunculuses (in collections of 24, and not less than 18 varieties, to be exhibited in the growers' stands), small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Parker. For pinks (in collections of 12 varieties, to be exhibited in the society's stands, and to be judged off cards), small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Ward; for the second best ditto, small silver Linnsean medal, Mr. Wilmer. OPEN TO BOTH CLASSES.—For the best specimen plant, small silver Albert medal, Mr. Cole; for the second best ditto, bronze medal, Mr. Over; for the third best ditto ' bronze medal, Mr. S. Smith; for the best col lection of fruit (four sorts), small silver Victoria medal, Mr. Jarvis. EXTRA PRIDES OFFERED BT MEMBERS.—By J. Powell, Esq. (open to both classes).—For the best 20 specimens of wild flowers, with name and place of growth (to be decided according to their beauty, with a view to their being capable of improvement by cultivation) — small silver Linnean modal, Mr. Clark. By Messrs. J. and J. Fairbairn, of Clapham (to class the first). —For the best six Cape heaths (dissimilar species, in 11-inch pots)—large silver Victoria medal, Mr. Smith. By Mr. B. Turner, of Slough (to class the first).—For the best pelargoniums, in not larger than 8-inch pots (not fancy varieties), sent out since August, 1851—large silver Vic toria medal, Mr. R. Robinson. To Gentlemen's Gardeners (members only).—For the test 12 roses (dis similar). single tresses of one stem—small silver Albert medal, Mr. Roser. For the second best ditto—bronze medal, Mr. Jarvis. After the flower-show the concert commenced and continued until dusk, when the eruption of Etna was ex hibited amidst the applause of the whole concourse of visitors. The day passed off with great éclat, DE. SPOHR.—This eminent composer arrived in 'London on Tuesday, and is now superintending the rehearsals of his great work of Faust, which is about to be produced gt •the Royal Italian Opera. FRIDAY SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. TIMES.—The neighing of a horse, the flight of birds, height of stature, strength of arm, or length of beard have in various ages and countries served to de• termine the choice and election of rulers over mankind. But even these expedients of barbarous or superstitious nations led them in all probability to results less sudden and unexpected than the modern ballot-box, as it is used in the United States. For that singular en gine of popular election positively brings about the exclusion of all the most prominent candidates, and as a necessary consequence, the selection of some person whose abilities and former services had hitherto kept him in a condition of relative obscurity. The principle of hereditary monarchy is perhaps not m e n t turn ehneote fhrr the whole easily to ,be reconciled with abstract considerations of pure reason applied to the transmission of sovereignty over a free and intelligent people. Nothing appears " Let such a nation elect the o rule over its destinies and Yet experience shows that hereditary monarchy has for' some thousands tmoo worthiesredsiirme direct of its thaniittits policy." e i t pt o i ozil s nc a ys y . , ,t, of years, and under very different phases of civilisation, produced less uncertainty and anomaly It is based upon tradition, experience; but it is still more forcibly , recommended by the startling absurdities and the per plexing results of the opposite system, as applied by andthan j t u h s e ti e fi l e e d c elective system. certain Republican States under our own eyes. Popular election has just given, for instance, a Louis Napo leon to France; and it has suddenly raised a gentle whom nothing was known in Europe till yesterday, and who was only known in America as a respected member of the Legislature, to man of Novo Hampshire, of the exalted position of candidate of the Democratic Presidency of the United States. The par in this form of election by univer sal suffrage necessarily depends on two trials. The candidate must first be chosen and accepted as the solo partyhpisartywhich has thus adopted him must possibility sueeess. throughout the country; and, sc o ea b cn t o a dn i i n ddal t yt h e ' e to m hfe ajority , over its antagonist at the regular required by the Constitution. election, conducted under pri vatebinding only by the obligations of party honour, is indispensable to ultimate success, for if either party were divided in the choice of its representative, the V i et _ ry 0 would remain with the other side; and, aßnudt decisivethe arrangement,preliminary electron and in Point of fact, although the sub sequent and formal election decides the contest of important par ties, the previous convention settles the still more de licatequestion of persons. At this electoral proceedings it might, therefore, that , personal merit would have the utmost are supposed to represent the same political opinions. sb teag e weight,o end n as s conceivede all candidates submitted to this trial Yet the recent dete rmination of the Democratic Conven tion at Baltimore ha s again proved, as had been pre viously shown upon the election of Mr. Polk in 1844, that it is easier for an untried man to attain the summit of political power h -1 such a process than for a man of the highest standing in the country to overcome the jea lousy of absoluteMonteuieu has said that the prin cracies is honour. monarchy is fear, and that of aristo the principle of o speak in the same general terms, raitvaplsassion for equality, which they democraciessome timesT is envy. Envy is the true the proscription of greatness; for, by the operation of nlouuins)e' o i of n fa:nits . hl g e . "On by the sacrifice of freedom and elec tions, it is easier to insure the defeat of a rival than to and the mechanism of popular , of a friend.. Such is the result which these Caucus elections in the United States frequently exhibit. By the form and rule of their proceedings, the candidate who obtains the votes of two-thirds of s u e n c i u v r e e r universal the suffrage retu,rn the delegates is to . e b proclaimed the candidate of t h e whole party, and will suppose that two or more candidates of eminence, accepted by the rest. We such es Mr. Buchanan and General Cass, are the fa vourites, as the minor competitors drop off after the first ballot. A -.3 long as there is a third party on the to the other hope that his votes will be transferred them the requisite number of votes. Bat suppose that may p b r e incipal candidates, so as to give one of -we names remain one has 60 and the other 40 votes out of 100, 67. being the number required to make a majority. The contest rages with violence and pertinacity, but with no result. Whatever is to happen neither side will pats over to its imme diate rival; and the passion for excluding him In this way 40 or 50 ballots take place. Parties become mitigates the sense of its own failure. and mitigates and fall into the state of men ready Compromise which will save them from Political defeat. At that moment a comparatively small body of voters, who have kept their own counsel and purposely thrown away their votes on other candidates tw:tietaawdryeoipgathnasdn y i n the earlier ballots, may by good mana g e ~ secret candidate. In the present instance this manceuvre whole election in favour of their own has been skilfully perform©d by the electioneering dexterity of the men of Virginia, and as they verFyrasnbkorPtietrimceeattbtehet;crrmiticoafl compromise moment, h e wao b bfehcl unanimity n eitseo thusin collect a o al factions, and was chosen with a degree that bodes well for his ultimate success as the United States. As far as we are llect information respecting a gentleman raised to a more prominent position than he had before occupied, the lot has in this instance ; and if the chances of success are—as we e llen w suppose ell them to be—in favour of the Democratic candidate, we greatly prefer General Pierce to either General Cass, Mr. Douglas, or Mr. Buchanan, speaking, of course, principally with reference to the opi nions and policy these gentlemen are believed to enter tain as to the relations of the Union with this country and with foreign Powers. General Pierce is said to pos sess the first and greatest quality of a statesman—high character. He has the good fortune not to have been mixed up with the feverish agitation and the puerile pledges by which the candidates of the Democratic party are wont to court popularity. He has not made speeches for M. Boesntb, or promised the annexation of Cuba. He has had experience of public affairs in the highest assembly of that country the Senate of the United States; and, to descend to minor particulars in his political creed, he is at once a man of New England and yet a decid e d c h amp i on o f free trade. Mr. Rufus King, the Democratic candidate for the V fihaving filled the office of American Minister in Paris, where, however , he left no very high impression of his ii i n c s e l • i pr e e s s t i i presidency, c Y'isbetter known to us from though he was justly more e predecessor, G enera l C ass . The ulti ms?teemsuccess h tan his of these gentlemen depends, however, on the result of the Presidential contest, which can only be aid fairlyow to n beginn and wen both parties have named their candidate. The c neice of the Whig Convention i doubtful. The march of events in each succeeding year convinces us more and paid still u nknown more that there is no occurrence beyond an influence the u limits of the British empire, and out of our contro l, wh ich exercises so great and impor tant a welfare, and on the general progress of the world, as the character and policy of the A mer i c an Government. It i s not, t h ere f ore, w i t h ou t the deepest intere s t and solicit u d e th a t we watch the fle on our ow somew h a t capricious operations by which the composi tion of that Government is t o b e d e t erm i ne d for the next four years. The relations of the British em pire and the American - Union have gradually twined themselves into a connexion, strengthened by common interests and common freedom, which is alike distinct from the close and sometimes onerous ties of a mother and from the frigid or politic States. Between ourselves and the United States there is no dependency, and, str i ct l y speaking, no alliance country alliance of to two her colonies, foreign ; but there is identity in the first interests of industry, of peace, and of mutual respect. intercourse. efe more sacred than those of diplo matic Ther e is identity in ties We are told that a favourite staple of the inferior p ress this country. It good may be so, for whether what they say of us beof America is abuse of or bad it there, it is not one it seldom falls under our notice; but if such b e the r we are disposed to imitate. It becomes us rather to set the example of expr essing p our habitual respect for a country whose great ness we desire to see increase next h to that of England herself •' and althouh we may criti cize the institutions of the united States as freel y as we do our own, we are not the less conscious that these in stitutions Transatlantic growth of our liber ties, our laws, and o ur langua g e, s p r ung from one root , and bred by one Peopl e . are but the DAILY NEWS....Check the second has been felt b y 4 December he had things a ll his own way—the army ~ managed that—but when among st decrees his shower of decr , Came out one confiscating the pro perty of the Orle ans family, the lawyers of France I Louis Napoleon. ventured to question the legality of hia spoliation, and in the proceedings th at ensue d t h e d es potic Pre sident of a nominal republic met his first serious rebuff. P -41nbued with the determination to - remain the absolute master of France, Louis Na poleon, however, t hought it politic to surround himself by the semblance o f view he arran ged his se t o f puppets as members of a Council of State last Week of a Legislative Body. To the latter of these he mist week sent for the second time his Finan c ial Scheme for the coming year, with the understand constitutional forms, and with that ing that by to adopt it as chiefly his friend s a Whole. Bat the members, though freemen to venture,and nominees—being dignified with the title of and Le • tau); and enjoying the dig nity of law makers 914 n o e o w Te C e o s n de stitu o t p io oo n e they discussion boundof the items placed before them fory'approval. Whilst busy in this task th ey —felt enough of the spirit of were not unwatched. In an obscure part of the gallery of th e H ouse —" in the corner of on© of the reserved tribunes, in such a position as to be con cealed as mu c h es possible"—sat the usurper himself, that he might Bee how his Chamber behaved itself. A m ember urged objections to the proposition to adopt a budget to whi c h no amendments could be made, and which must be taken as a whole or be rejected altogether, when M. Billault said the speaker was inveighing against °nBt -nn the C la on —slight murmurs were heard. Another speaker attack e d the budget, when a , Councillor of State expressed hi s astonishment that any one " could outrage the Constitution which had saved the country." On this a louder storm of disapprobation arose, when, lo! a note from the tenant.of the obscure box reached the hands of the chairman, and he read to the astonished Assembly " t theliel p opinion da of the P res i dent, that they were b rea ki ng On this a p ro f oun d sensa ti o n "—says rbo e u r n v : the reporter f or t h e English papers—" a profound sen sationed the Chamber-, which broke up in con fusion." This is precisely what was anticipated. A real despotism cannot work harmoniously under the whole- Sera° trammels of constitutional forms. Louis Napoleon has been tripped up by the difficulty that has again and again been pointed out, and this very anticipation of such a result gave treble significance to the news when it yes terday reached London. The electric telegraph brought the intelligence by midday, and our funds were at once affected ; and to such influences they must again and again, beyond doubt, be liable whilst Fran ce i s in the hands .o f :t h e un scrupulous man who now contro l s h e r destinies. Whilst we have a Mini s t er like Lerd- M a b les h n i 7 for the manager EVENING, JUNE 254 1852. of our' continental relations—a man who manifests day by day his sympathy with the despots who are ranged on one side in this great controversy—every move ment of foreign tyranny becomes of vital importance to us in re lation to our own liberties. Already our honour has bean put up to einction in the streets of Florence. Already we have been insulted by the production in our Parliam sat of the proposed French Extradition Bill, by which Lord Malmesbury showed his willingness to let England be made the eats-paw of the French usurper in recovering obnoxious French citizens. The resistance of our Peers had some substance in it, but too much smooth ness for such times. However, the Bill is withdrawn " for the present," and we must be on the watch for its rein troduction. More serious still is our relation to the French Government with regard to the liberty of our press. With this Lord Malmesbury has, thus far, had no con cern, as far as is known, but that which he shares with the members of the late Government—that of censuring the out-speaking of our press about the conduct of the dictator who is crushing France. But can he be depended on for upholding our liberty of speech in the conflict which Louis Napoleon has thought fit to begin? If Lord John Russell and Earl Grey exposed themselves to rebuke six months ago for their low tone about the action of the press, is it to be expected that a Malmesbury will take a higher stand after a six months' confirmation of the usurper's power? Tho representative of England in Paris has thus far done well. Lord Cowley acted like a true Englishman on the sp ot, and deserves ell commendation; and we must look to it that he is not embarrassed by , the head of his . department acting like a French man at home. We shall presently be without a Parliament. There will be an interval long or abort, during which Lord Malmesbury may do an infinity of mischief, if he be not given to understand distinctly that the people of England will not be trifled with during this interval; that they have no sympathy with foreign despots, whatever he may have, and that every misre presentation of English ideas and feelings of which he may be guilty, will be visited upon him as soon as their representatives meet again. The worst of it is that the man himself has no choice whether he shall serve us faith fully or not. It is not that he is acting in one way while he is thinking in another—yielding to any supposed necessity against his own convictions—it is that his sympathies are, as far as ho has yet shown, with the ruling powers abroad;—that ho does not under stand English liberties, nor share English feel ings, nor perceive the position that England will choose to hold in any coming struggle for freedom in Europe. The danger lies in the character of his mind. We cannot change that. The thing that we can do is to change the man. This it is that the people will look to, while wo are without a Parliament. Lord Malmesbury will be doing what he will in the Foreign office; the people must be doing what they will in the elections; and their will must be to put a true English man into Lord Malmesbury's place. There is a time coming—the time of the next European struggle—when our island may be—with all the sins and woes that lie within it—a sort of island of the blest in the midst of a hemisphere swept with storms; an open air, where men may still think, and say.what they think, of virtue and vice, in high places and in low; a solitary kingdom where monarch and people may understand and love each other; a lofty platform, where the national honour so shines amidst the surrounding gloom, that any sha dow allowed to pass over it would be an eclipse to the nations. If such a day should be coming, we cannot look too soon to the soundness of our State, nor pro vide too vigilantly for its integrity. If such a day should come, we shall hardly choose to have a Malmes bury for the watchman on our tower. ADDITIONAL MATHER, PAPER. THE HUN. P. C. SCARLETT TO THE EARL OF MALMESBURY, (Received June 19.) Florence, Juno 11, 1852. My Lord,—l have just read Mr. Mather's letter to your Lordship, published in the newspapers, in which he alleges that the suggestion of a money compensation came from the Legation. Such a suggestion was never made by me or by my authority, or with my knowledge or consent, nor have I any reason to believe that any suggestion of the sort was made by any person attached to or connected with the Legation, nor do I know by whom it was made, if it was made. I beg also to take this opportunity of remarking, that it appears by my dispatches, that Mr. Mather, in the presence of two gen tlemen whom I sent to him, Lord Frederic Kerr and Sir John Orde, declined to receiv e any apo l ogy . It is certain that the officer who stru c k Mr. Ma ther with his sword was ready, in consequence of my request made to the Austrian Envoy, with the sauction and by the command of the Commander-in - Chief of the Austrian army, P r i nce d e Li c h etnste i u , to express his regret at having done so, whilst under the a pprehensiontuatMr. Math er i n t en d e d to assau lt him. Your Lardsnip will also remember that the officer with whom Prince de Lichtenstein considered the fray to have begun, and who first struck Mr. Mather, was punished by being put under arrest and strongly reprimanded. The private honour of Mr. blather, which was in some degree identified with that of the public, would thus have received the fullest atonement that any gen tleman could require. It was in consequence of Mr. blather's repudiation of all apology that I called for an inquiry, which I understood to be Mr. Mather's expressed desire to the English gentlemen above-mentioned. This course I thought expedient, upon the farther ground that be tides bringing to light what really happened in the scuffle, it would give time to the British Government to consider the proper course to be pursued. I did all I could to forward the inquiry, and I also recommended an advocate of the highest reputation, and offered, in my public capacity, to defray the expense of the proceeding. I take upon myself the entire respon sibility of accepting 1,000 francesconi by way of da mages. My reasons for thus deviating from your Lordship's instructions, by which I was to obtain at least 5001., are that having repeatedly demanded this latter sum I was unable to obtain any more than 1,000 francesconi, which was at length offered by the Tuscan Government. If I had persisted in demanding more it is certain that they would have persisted in their pro test against all liability; and under the present peculiar circumstances of the Tuscan Government, I felt that her Majesty's Government could not, consistently with ge nerosity and justice and the truth of the facts, insist on her liability as an independent power. If I am mistaken in this view, I can only express my r e g ret that I did not leave this matter to be settled by another hand; but I hope I may be forgiven the expression .of my doubt whether any negotiator could have obtained a larger compensation in the shape of money from the Tuscan Government without very serious extremities. I have, &C., P. CAMPBELL SCARLET% (Signed) HEALTH OF LONDONDUI?ING THE WEEK. (From the Register-Generals Report.) The number of deaths registered in the metropolitan districts in the week ending last Saturday is nearly the same as in the preceding week, and amounts to 903. In the ten weeks corresponding to last week of the years 1842.1851 the average number was 880 a which, with a correction for increase of population, becomes 968. The mortality now returned is, therefore, less than the esti mated amount by 65. Th e mortality produc ed by diseases of the r es pi ra t or y organs last week was 104, and is near the usual amount for this season o f the year. Epidemics were fatal in the preceding week in 209 cases, and last week in 196, a decrease which would be somewhat more marked, a co mplaint which may be expected, but for diarrhcea, with the approach of the summer months, to become prevalent. Smallpox destroyed 28 children under 15 years, and 7 adults, a mortality double the average of corres ponding weeks; in five cases, two of which oc curre d at the ages of 22 and 32 years, it is stated that vaccina tion had been previously performed. The fatal cases of scarlatina amount to 41. Two deaths ascribed to English cholera were regis tered in the week; the following are the cases indetail:— On 16th June, at 1, Shrubland-grove, Dalston, a spin ster. aged 47 years, died of " English cholera (3 days)." On 14th June, at 39, Willow-street, St. Leonard's, Shore ditch, a shoemaker, timed 27 years, died of "English cholera (7 days)." Mr. Yarrow reports that " this man lived in a small room with his family, which consisted of his wife and three children; he had been suffering for some time from diseased liver and diarrhcea." Four deaths occurred in the Small-pox Hospital. In the Tottenham-court sub-district of Pancras, at 5, Cumberland-court, on 17th June, the daughter of a shoemaker, aged 15 months, died of " scarlatina (10 days), bronchitis (4 days)." Mr. Nodes, the deputy registrar, mentions that " scarlatina is raging in this court, which appears to be almost without ventilation." On 12th June, a labourer, aged 21 years, who had been brought from Red Lion-court, Kingaland-road, died in Shoreditch Workhouse of phthisis. Mr. Bowring adds:—" Red Lion-court contains 15 or 16 houses, which consist some of four, others of five rooms; each room is occupied by a separate family; the inhabitants are mostly eostermongers; the place is filthy in the ex treme, close, over-crowded, and without drainage." At 24, Crown-court, Aldgate, on 15th June, a female pensioner on the Hugh Humpstead Gift, died at the ad vanced age of 98 years. Mr. Harris states that "she enjoyed 101. per annum for the last 32 years from this charity of 10,0001. (left to the parish for the benefit of six blind persons and widows), which had been in the Court of Chancery for 40 years." Mr. Baddely, registrar of Mile-end Old Town, upper part, registered 22 births and only 3 deaths in the week. Ho says, " The decrease in my return of deaths at this season is worthy of observation; it shows an improvement in the health of this sub-district, notwithstanding a sea son apparently unfavourable. From the 11th to the 16th Inst. I had not a death to register, and for the whole week only 3, a number at least three-fourths less than the average. At the same time the births show an increase." On 10th May, at 14, Pancras-place, Camden-town, a writer and schoolmaster, aged 51 years, died of "effusion of serum on the brain, from exhaustion caused by dis ease of the lungs and want of food." Post mortem. In quest. A man and a woman died of intemperance. Throe children were registered who had died from suffo cation in bed. STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK. SUNDAY.—The sky was covered with cloud throughout the day; cumuli, cirrocumuli, and cirrostrati. There were occasional showers. Electricity—Nothing was shown at any examination. MONDAY.—Three - fourths of the sky were covered till the evening, and overcast at night; cumuli, cumulostrati, and nimbi. Heavy showers of rain. Electricity—Positive, and very active during the time of rain failing; sparks and gal vanic currents were shown. TUESDAY.—The clouds were occasionally broken during morning, otherwise the sky was covered with cloud through out the day; cirrocumuli, cirrostrati, and scud, Showers of rain. Electricity—Positive, and very active during the time of rain falling; sparks and galvanic currents were shown. WEnNEsna,y.—The sky was covered with cloud through out the day; cirrocumuli, cirrostrati, and scud. Slight showers of rain. Electricity—Nothing was shown. . se THURSDAY.—The clouds were broken at noon, otherwi the Nky was covered With status, c i rros t ra tus, aact Wes scud. Showers of rain. Electricity—Positive, and tension weak during the afternoon. FRIDAY.—The sky was covered with cloud till noon, and about three-fourths covered during the remainder of the day ; stratus, cirrostratus, and scud. Showers of rain. Electricity —Nothing was shown. SATURDAY.—The morning was fine, but the sky was over cast. A thunderstorm occurred at 4h. 15m, P.M., the light ning was vivid, and rain fell heavily ; after this storm the clouds were somewhat broken. Electricity—Positive, and active during the morning. The instruments were not exa mined during the continuance of the thunderstorm ; after wards none was shown. The mean reading of a thermometer placed on the main mast, and read each day at 9h. A.M. was 57.8 Q ; and the mean reading at 9h. P.M. was 51.9°; the mean readings at the Royal Observatory for the same times were 58.7. a and 53.7° respectively. The reading of the barometer decreased from 2961 in: at the beginning of the week to 29.23 in. by neon on the 16th ; and increased to 29.59 in. by the end of the week. FRAN CE. The 211oniteur contains the expose des motifs and text of the Bill authorising the amalgamation of the railways from Lyons to Avignon, Avignon to Mar seiles, and Marseilles to Toulon. The Gazette de Lyon, of the 20th, announces that Mr. Arthur Berryer, Government Commissioner, had passed through that place the day before on his way to Piedmont, to regulate the conditions which are to serve as the basis for establishing railway lines to connect Turin with the French frontier. GERM IN Y. The agitation against the order of Freemasons, which is supported by the Government in Saxony, appears to be beginning in Prussia, though it has not yet found any official countenance. The Saxon pamphlets, denouncing the whole order as revolu tionary and irreligious, have been enclosed anony mously to some of the members of the Cabinet. In Prussia the Freemasons have members among the highest ranks, and it is asserted that the influence of the order here has been decidedly Conservative. The subject will, perhaps, be taken up with some degree of zeal, for the want of any other question of contro versy, the dearth of matter of political interest being extreme. PROPOSED CENTRAL CITY TERMINUS. On Wednesday evening Mr. C. Pearson delieeced the first of " two familiar lectures" on his proposed people's highway and Central City Terminus, at the London Me chanics' Institution, Soutt ampton-buildings, Chancery lane. Mr. Pearson commenced his lecture by observing that he had long felt the necessity of equalizing the means of communication between the great highways of the metropolis. The city of London might be called the centre of a large oircle, and it could not be doubted that as the passengers by the thoroughfares which led to that centre increased, so would increase the crowded state of the streets. Great and important changes had taken place of late years in the political and moral and social influences of our country; and ho was so fully im pressed with this fact, that he had reflected on the manner in which, by reason of these changes, ho could employ the remainder of his days in being useful to his generation. Now, amongst the evils he desired to remedy was the overcrowded state of the streets by day; but there was another consideration of paramount import ance, viz., the fatal and fearful—he would not say the overcrowding, nor even the overoramming, but the over crushing of the dwellings of the poor by night. He had the honour to serve the Corporation of the city of London. It was the most wealthy city of the most wealthy country in the world, and ho might inform his auditors that in a large portion of the City the laud was valued for building purposes at from 50,000/. to 250,000 L, per square acre. Why was this? Because the City of London was the " habitat" of the great commercial and monetary establishments of the country, nerd they would find that the importance and value of property were more particularly felt in the great arterial channels of circulation. The sanitary improvements and reforms which had lately been effected had been of absorbing interest to the country, but the public mind hid not yet been roused to the necessity of sowing those seeds of improvement which must prove of the highest utility to the nation. It was admitted that the habi tations of the poor were overcrowded; but he had ex amined the decennial census which had lately appeared, and he had found, upon comparing the population wAh the houses throughout the country, that the houses had btly gaining upon the population, whereas, been ig ereas,in sl the metropolis the reverse had taken place—there the population had beers [gaining upon the number of houses. Icy the city of London the population had iucreased 33 per cent. as compared with the houses, and the rate of mortality had increased in the same ratio in those localities where over crowding was known to exist. He had obtained the returns from the Inland Revenue Office during the last 15 yearn, and he found from these returns that the over crowding of the streets had increased 10 per cent. per annum—that was to say ,150 per cent. in 15 years. Want were the causes of this? The people of England, since railways came into fashion, had changed their character and habits. Those inhabitants of the metropolis who were 'formerly stationary were now locomotive, and the same observation applied to residents in the country, masses of whom now visited London who never attempted the journey before. His object in the project now before them was to supply a remedy for those defects which the over crowded state of the metropolis (owing to the causes he alluded to) had produced, and this he proposed to do by converting a site which was now wholly unproductive into a source of benefit and profit. His project was to bring into Farringdon-street by a trunk railway all the great northern lines that might choose to come there, and then to establish ono grand centre of communication between the City of London and some of the moat important towns in England. This would, doubt less, involve the necessity of removing a certain amount of property, but it must be borne in mind that it was property of a very inferior kind, and the Government had already advanced to the Corporation various sums of money to clear the roads and improve the thoroughfare. He proposed to make a street one hundred feet wide from Holborn valley to the Cale donian-road, and thus to afford to the people the means of breathing freely and relieving them selves from the noxious influences of an overcrowded condition. If the railways he had mentioned did not see fit to aid him in the undertaking, he could do with out them, for be was quite satisfied that there was a larger amount of profit to be made out of the scheme without any connexion with railways than from any project which had been started during his recollection, if the public would only support him.—Mr. Pearson proceeded to point out the many advantages that must accrue from the successful accomplish ment of his object, and illustrated by means of models, maps, and diagrams, the practical manner in which his project might bo carried out with infinite advantage to the public. The lecture was listened to with much at tention, and was received with considerable applause. SEABORNE MAILS. [N signifies that the mails aro sent front the General Post-of:let by the night—and AI by the morning—dispatch.] When made up in From what when kLACES, General Post-office port dis- due London. patched. ' 1 ......---....-------- - Amerlca (by Brit. pkt.)N,June 25 .. .. Liverpool .. July 1 America (by U.S. pkt.) NI .. • • ,Liverpool .. July 8 America (by U.S. pkt.)M'June 23 .. .. Southampt. June 30 Australia (via South ampton) .. .. .. M .. .. .. .. Southampt. Ditto.(Tia Marseilles) N .. .. .. .. Dover .. Ditto, via C. of G. Hope N2d of August .. Plymouth.. Africa (West coast).. N'l4th of the month Plymouth June 29 Alexandria* ........ Nll9th & 30th of me. , Dover .. June 28 Belgium •• .. •• N;Daily .. .. .. !Dover .. Daily Brazil .. .. .. M,9th of the month Southampt. June 16 Buenos Ayres • • .. 111,9 th of the month Soathampt. June 16 CalLfornla(viaChagres) 51,2 d & 17th of month Southampt. July 5 Cape of Good Hope N; .. .. • • Plymouth.. June 29 Cape de Verde .. .. N2d of the month .. Plymouth.. June 29 Constantinople* .. •• Nl7th 17th 27th of mo Dover .. June 30 Central America .. M,2d & 17th of men. Southampt. July 5 Channel Isles .. .. NI Mon., Wed., &Fri. Sonthampt. Tu. Th. Sat Chili .. .. .. . M 17th of the month Southampt. July 5 France .. .. M t NlTwice daily .. .. Dover .. Twicedaily Greece. .. „ .. N'7th 17th27th of mo Dover .. June 30 Hamburgh .. .. N Tuesday & Friday London .. Tues. Sat. Holland .. •• .. M Wednes. & Satur. London .. Mon. Thur Honduras .. .. . N 17th of the mouth , Southampt. July 20 Ireland .. .. M &N' Twice daily .. .. IHolyhead .. Twieedally India (via Sonthamp.) 1110th of the month'Southarept. June 28 India (viaMarsaillea) N Bth& 24th ofmonth Dover • • India, via C. of G. Hope N 15th of month Plymouth.. Juno 29 Mauritius .. .. .. N 15th of month Plymouth.. June 29 Mediterranean (via 1 Southampton) .. M 20th of the month Sonthampt. June 28 Mediterranean (via Marseilles) .. .. N Bth& 24 VI ofmonth Dover .. Mexico .. .. .. M.2d of the month.. Sonthampt. July 5 Madeira .. .. .. Al 9th of the month Southampt. Juno 16 Malta* .. .. / r 7th,17th,19th,27th } Dover June 23 & 30th of month Naples* .. .. .. N sth 15th 25th ofmo Dover .• July 2 Papal States* .. .. N sth 15th 25th of mo Dover .. July 2 Peninsular.. .. .. M 7th 17th 27th ef mo Sonthampt. July 6 Pere .. .. .. .. M 17th of the month Sonthampt. June, 26 Tuscany* ~ .... N sth 15th 25 th of mo Dover • . ;July 2 MWest Indies .. .. 17th of the month Sonthampt. (July 5 I Tuscany* .. N West Indies ..N West Indies (except Savanna 8c Nassau) N The malls to those c French oacket via Marge; The Peninsula mail wil instant, in consequence o I2d of the month .. ountrios thus marl 11 be made up on 1 4' the 27th falling a I Sonthampt. ted (*) are conveyed by Le morning of the 28th a Sunday. FETE AT CHARLTON HOUSE.—The annual fete held for the benefit of the Royal Kent Dispensary took place on Wednesday, with more than usual éclat, in the finely-wooded grounds of Sir Thomas Wilson's residence, Charlton-house, near Woolwich. The amusements comprehended an eques trian pageant, performed by a selection from the troupe, biped and quadruped, of Astley'r, with a variety of gymnasia tics and tight-rope feats, and closed with a monkey race, the animals acting as jockeys. There was some good music-- the n bands of the Royal Artillery, of the Royal Marines, n o t 2. the brass band of the Sappers and Miners being R e while, as the number of the company was urecedrenstevdilin great, it is to be hoped that the funds of the institution benefit accordingly. n w E R NOON.— Tsilif- DESTRUCTION BY FIRE OF THE oCREAFT SIIIP PEARL.—YARMOUTH, WE DNESDAY a a y la b rm y alarming and arrival serious o ft disaster he s o thib bio a e f al - o m bn p egiaitiodlnvtege boat, called known here f the total burning 13 bp a a r t tl p e p ro o v ol . . d The un.- t yA h e g inteo P rsd r t ovidence, with intelligenceld, to Dublin, "' forced to abandonl 4O 0 and the of a large steamer, calledanthdeamwPcfrrne ay enc a e f , t and er.. but unavailin w hile fortunate on a vessell' apassage awas toa R s c o r t r e t e w e w r d in s t Yarmouth. On Mond ade strenuous In a few hours fr"a th e e " lt g ii e o E I wasE S T E d l t o ship r i o p r t ti n h t s o e b n s u u a r b b t d h o u u e e l :: r e T i li h . l l ' 9 1 r ep e s c , b y after they were pickedport. brought into this pu r ! _ HAILSTORM 13 bi thunder and lightning. r considerable M ANCHESTER.--On to noon hood of Manchest property in the d neighbour town an er by ;a storm of hail, T datl lA a accon3pa ill and green ws must have be house windows . en destroyed to the eztent of pounds thousand sterlin g . s ome The Liverpool Standard says teat .at a liiily resident in that town was on Wednesday daughter, who, with their delivered of two sons and expected.. ir mother, are as well as can .be 1 ansK THE COUNTRY mAßire:rs': BRISTOL, JUNE 24.—Much rain has fallen since our la it; yesterday and to-day, however, were more fine and warm.. In this and the Wiltshire mark-ts an advance of is to 2 5 per fqruoamrte6rdhtaosibs per been paid off English wheats, and on good fa reign quarter. Flour has brought an advar ice of 6d to is per sack. Barley steady in demand at value. :Beans fsom 6d to is per quarter higher. Oats very dull and f 'ally 6d per quarter cheaper. The following are the prices 'heat -43s to 45s per 4801bs; fo re i gn red English new, 4is to 45 s p er i mperial quarter ; fore i gn white, (extra fine quality), 3 .9 s t o, 41s per ditto; foreign red, fi ne qu i li ty, 37s 6d to 39 s 6 4 ' per ditto ; foreign red ordinary, 3ts to 37s 6d per ditto ; for eigrk hard, 36s to 38s per ditto. Flour —English seconds, sto 30s per sack ; foreign, 20s to 21s 6d per barrel. Bart ey-- English and foreign grinding, 25s to 26s per 400 lbs. 02 per imp eria l quarter ; ditto black, 19s 6d to 20s white,Devon a ls n e d 6 17 d Ie t l o s h 2, te 0 17 p s e t r o 3 1 2 8 1 ; b d s per imperial quarter ; foreign, 28s 6n to 30s per 480 lbs..- -Averages—Wheat, 4ls td; oats, 18s 9d; Barley, 245. BIR3IINGIAM, JUNE 24.—At Gloucester market, on the 19th, a large business was done in wheat, at rather over the currency of this day se'nnight. At s'y orcester same day, the trade ruled rather dull, and no advance could be obtained on any description. Barley, beans, and peas, all scarce and. ra her dearer. Oats, the turn cheaper, but we had more de— mand. During the present week we have again had heavy rain, and a good deal of wheat has changed hands, at an im— provement of is per quarter. Barley 6d per quarter dearer.. More doing in oats at former prices. Beans and peas both scarce. At Wolverhampton yesterday, although the wheat trade was by no means brisk, is per quarter was realised. At this day's market there was a large supply of wheat, for which much higher prices were asked ; but the trade closed dull, at little over the prices of this day week, and we make no altera tion in our quotations. Barley 6d per quarter dearer. Oats maintained their value. Beans and peas, both is per quartet higher. _ _ DERBY SMITHFIELD MARKET, JUNE 15. The suppl y to-day of fat beasts was about the same as that of last weel c, without alteration in price ; the demand for the best quali tY of beef was brisk, yet there were several lots remaining ui sold. The supply of sheep and lambs, about the averag e, fully maintained last week's prices. But few pigs offered f sale. Fat and store calves more plentiful, the sale for tl le former flat, and many left unfold. Beef, 5d to sid ; mutto 4id to sid ; lamb, 6id ; veal, 4d to 4id per lb ; pigs, 7s 3d U. is 6d per score. Rough fat, 3s 3d per stone of 1411 s• Hides, lid to Od per lb; calf skins, 2d to 3d per lb. UrrurcHasa, JUNE 23.—Wheat 3es to 41s; barley 27s W 28s Od ; oats 19s to 21s ; beans 32s to 34s per qr. Butter t 6cl to Od per lb ; eggs 24 for Is. LOUTH, JUNE 23.—Wheat 36s to 40s; barley 25s to 2a .; oats 16s to 19s ; beans 26s to 30s per qr. NEWARK ' JUNE 23.—Wheat, white 44s to 475, red 40s to 42s ; barley 25s to 28s ; oats, 245 t., 22s to 245, 225 t., 20s to 225; beans, 335 Od to 355; tares, 36s to 40s; malt, 56s to 605 per qr. BOSTON, JUNE O.—Wheat, red 36s to 41s Od, white 4 Is to 435, superfine 45s to 00s ; barley 00s to COs ; oats, 16s to 20s; beans 1s to 345; peas 00s to 00s per qr. - , LYNN, JUNE 22. Wheat 31s Od io 3 . 8 s Od, fine 40s to 435; barley OOs to OOs, fine ('Os to 00s; oats COs to 00 s; beans Os to Os, fine Os to Os per qr. MELTON MOWBRAY, JUNE 22.—Wheat, 37s Od to 41 a; barley, 24s to 2tqs; oats, 18s to 22s ; beans, 30s to 58 per qr. Butter 7d to 9d per lb ; eggs 20 for ls. EDINBURGH GRAIN MARKET, JUNE 23.—There II as a good supply of all kinds of grain in the market to-i Is y. Sales dull, and prices down, compared with those of L ist week. A considerable quantity unsold. The top of wheat was Is, and the average Id down. Barley on the top Is Gd, and the average 4d down. Oats on the t op 4d down, and the average Is. Beans on the top Is do iv n, week, and the average Id up. Unsold, 74 qrs wheat, 57 g rs barley, 350 qrs oats, and 12 qrs beans. Top of Wheat ... 66 lb. 463 Od „ Barley ... .. 56 lb. 31s 6d „ Oats ... 44}1b. 24s Od „ Beans ... 66 lb. Pss Od EDINBURGH CATTLE MARKET, JUNE 23.—The num' a er of cattle was 543, or 20.1 less than last week. Extreme II )p price, 7s 6d ; current, 7s 3d ; secondary and inferior, froir 58 to 6s Od per Dutch stone. A good clearance was effec rod. The number of sheep and lambs at market this morning 1 7 a 3 3,815, being 563 more than last week. Best wedder mut i3ll, top price, bid per lb; thorn sheep, 44d ; inferior, 4d to Od. Lambs from listo2 Is Od a head. At the close a good cl zit.* ante was effected. CORK, JUNE 23. Barrels. Currency. O White wheat 00s Od to 00s Od 003 Od-20 st 13 O Red wheat oos Od to ON Od } 0 Ditto OO9 Od to 003 Cd 00s Od-20 do O Ditto oos Od to 00s cd O Barley 003 Cd to 003 Od} 003 Od--09 de O Ditto oos Od to 00s Od 0 Ditto oos Od to 00s Od 0 Bere 00s Od to 00s Od Os Cd 73 Oats lOs 4d to lls 6d 0 Ditto OO3 Od to 00s Cd 00 s Od-0 do 0 Ditto oos Od to 003 Oil O Pigs 00s Od to 003 Od 00s Od per cwt Quantity sold at the Highest Prices:- 0 barrels white wheat; 0 red ; 0 barley; 0 bere; 9 oats; 0 pigs.. Quantity of Grain and Number of Pigs sold last week Wheat, 18. Barley, 18. Oats, 861. Pigs, 0. PRICES OF BUTTER. CANT. CURRENCY. First quality Second quality Third quality Fourth quality Fifth quality Sixth quality 383 Sixth quality Return of Cattle sold for week ending June 19. Piga, 240. Sheep, 433. Cows, 46. Coax.—Flour—First I2s 6d to 13s Od; extra 14s 6d ; seconds, lOs 6d to 128; households 9s to 106 6d ; thirds, 7s to 5 s per cwt. Oatmeallos 6d to 1130 d; Indian meal 8s to 843 d; wheat - meal, 9s 6d to lOs per cwt. Indian corn 7153 to 71 17s 6d per ton • Bran 87s 6d to 9Cs per ton. Hay—Farmers 25s Od to 325; averagi 003- dealers 008 to 408 Od; average ois per ton. Straw — Farmer s 16e 'Od to 25s Od ; average 00s ; dealers 00s Cd to 00s Ott ; average 00s Od per ton. Bread—Wheaton loaf 6d to Od ; household loaf bd to Od per 41b. Fresh butter, 8d t 4 10d per lb. Eggs-3s 10d to 4s Od per hundred. Coals—. Newport 14e Od ; Lydney 15s ; Landore 00s ; Culm, 12t 6d per ton. Tallow 35s Cd to 39s per cwt Whisky, 25 o. p., Sc 9d per imperial gallon. Meat —Beef 44e1 to 7d ; mutton 5d to 64d ; veal 4d to 7d ; pork 4d to Od ; bacon 6d to 7d ; sausages bd per lb. Hem 818 s to 9l Os per cwt. Bangor slates 2/17s 6d to 3/ Os per ton.. Bark, red 71 to Si lOs per ton. Fleece wool 14a to 15s per stone. Hemp 29/ to 34/ per ton. Fish—Seotch herrings 18s to 19s; redi ditto, 24s to 00s per barrel ; Newfoundland, 101 Os to 11/ per ton. Timber—Memel, 703 per ton ; red pine, 315 s ; yelloist ditto, 31 153 per ton; deals, 151 to 181 per 100. Hides—. Market 16s to 245; salted 18s to 24s per cwt ; calf skim 3d to Od per lb. Potatoes, white 8d to 9d; pinks., 10d to 12d. Guano—Peruvian, 10/ 10s to 111; Ichaboe, 811 to 910 s per ton. Tar—Archangel, 19s per barrel. RAILWAY SHARE MARKETS. BRISTOL, JUNE 24. STOCK EXCHANGE.—There was little or nothing done is the share market to-day. The only sale reported was--. Taff Vale, 160. LIVERPOOL, JUNE 24. STOCK EXCILINGE. The share market was not quite so.- active to-day as yesterday, and quotations are not so good as at the commencement of business. The transactions were; as follow :—Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire (late: Chester and Birkenhead), 221. Shares, 5% dis.—Caledonian,, 21%—Chester and Holyhead, Preference, guaranteed 5% per cent., 19—Eastern Counties, 10% —East Lancashire, 19-- Great Northern, 2234—Lancashire and Yorkshire, 785 g—. Ditto. Fifths, 43% dis.—Ditto, 201. F Shares, par - London. and North-Western, 127—Ditto, New Quarters, 5 7 / 8 p.— Ditto, Fifths, 4V, p.—Midland, 71 3 4—Shrewsbury and Bir-. minghatn, Preference, 11 %—South-Eastern and Dover, 21%. —York, Newcastle, and Berwick, 18% —Dutch Rhenish,. 2 dis. _ . MANCHESTER, JUNE 24. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The share market opened better this morning, but afterwards declined, and closed heavily. Th e transactions were as follow : Eastern Counties , 10% —East Lancashire, 19%—Ditto, Preference, Quarters, 9%—Ditto, Fifths (second issue), s%—Lancashire and Yorkshire, 78 % Ditto, Fifths, 4% dis. —Blackburn (No. 1), 6%—London and Nort h-Western, 127—Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln- , shire, 34% -- Fleetwood, I—Midland, 71% Manchester and Birmingham (C) Quarters, 2 3.16 p.— South-Eastern and Dover, 21%—Birkenhead, Lancashire, and Cheshire Junction, 10% di!.—West Riding, 3 die. BINALIT3OI:I.S.M, JUNE '24. STOCK EICCSANGE. — The business to-day was rather li mited, but prices were firm. The only transaction reported. was—Shrewsbury and Birmingham (13), 6% NO ricn t o MARINERS. Colonial SF cretary s Wilco, Adelaide, Dec. 30, 1851. Notice is hereby given, by the authority of his Excel lency the Lieutenant-Governor, that on and after the 10th January, 1852, the light in the Stuart Lighthouse, lately erected on Cape Willo ug hby, Kangaroo Island, will be exhibited from sunset to sunrise. This lighthouse is situated on the eastern extremity of Kangaroo Island, in lat. 35 deg. 49 min. 20 see S., long. 138 deg. 12 min. 30 sec. E., and is a revolving light, appearing at regular intervals of one and a half minute. This light is elevated 241 feet above the level of the sea, and can be seen twenty-four nautical miles, illuminating 259 deg. of a circle, from N. by W. W round to S.W. by W. W. Isitcaamnednj244' Strand' 11" th e Cork A STATUETTE OF LOLA MONTES.--111 _ v tli ate tlr se l a ef t i Th Countess is executed Exhibition there i desire e s aofstatuette lady'so I Lola ast u,o,snbteasne,dby otnheuss, described in the Morning Chronicle:— e w le i is attired in a finely-formed foot is also wsehaiteehd,roeurdreartahehrerreactltinitiuntgie, aaggairnasctefaulsoomnsee,wan:l hand she caresses an enormous dog f e ei is not in the remotest 1.4; exhibits the exquisitely bare.t turnedh e first Tile shoulder h co e n f d ea i t t i u o runensodfa b r s en l ifs i le t o. nitilafnr63toraddifailng v of c onception which is EARL OF ALDBOROUGH failed. e se b e y e this miraculouS degrees in g single robe, be, departurewh i which, , from altho u thegh t u e intelligence." Villa Messina, Leghorn, Feb 21 1845. rADVERTISEDIEN T. i AND HOLLOWAY'S PILLS.— xtract fr om hilt Lordship's beg to acquaint you th t • ef a your pills have • Professor Hollo disorder in my liver and stomach which all the most fected a care of nity, at home and all over the continent, had nct tof Old fac , eminent mLoerddsic not to effect; nay, even the waters of Carlsbad or Ma nure Pr ofessor Holloway's adci E e been able e d) " ALDBO " T he se ROD rlenhad. Si Cse of the liver or wonderful pills wil stomach. — Sold (also Holloway's a g e tt r e e r v , e d r iit ° lr r Ointment) at vendors br ri „.sicine throit , :bout the civilised world. BIRTILS. OF A SON. On the 21st inst., at Hyde-vale, Blackheath, the wife of D. M. Mellins, Esq., of New York. On the 16th inst., at Blakebrook, Kidderminster, the wife of the Rev. Benjamin Gibbons. OF AOn the 23d i ns t., the wife DAUGHTER. of John Roffey, Esq. , Park villa, Streatham. IE On the 24th inst., at HAR St. D u nstan D. 's Church, Fleet-street, W. T. Potts, Esq., 25th Regiment (the King's own Bor derers), to Harriet, youngest dalightcr of J. Culverwell, Esq., of Somersetshire. DI ED On the 15th inst., at Welbeck-street, Cavendish -square, W. W. L. Warner, Esq., of Quebec-hall, East Dereham , Norfolk, aged 67. On the 15th inst., at Maida-bill, Mary, widow of the late W. Scarborough, Esq aged 73. On the 18th inst., at Boulogne-sur• M e r, France, James T. Jenkins, Esq., late of Somerset-street, Portman-square...„ London Printed find Published by 1 1 TIRDO No. 112, Strand, Printer. a T Gun Of tics, Strand, in rn , Precinct of the ilwey, tzi the coo" fiLiddleaex, Friday, !Tulle 25, 102.