The Sun. — London, England, 1860-10-26 00:00:00

RAILWAY IIBRARY.—NEW VOLUME. Price is. 6d., boards, I R I A M M A I( • This extraordinary Novel, which has rapidly pas se d through YOUR EXPENSIVE EDITIONS in as many MONT as, has excited Numerous critical notices describe it as a work which for talent has not been equalled for many a long day , every scene in it beingng oughtwrouht w ith wonderful skill, and the inter est throughout bei )10st absorbing kind. The recent volumes of this series are, viz.: — CECIL ; OR, THE ADVENTURES Ok` A COXCOMB. 28. By Mrs. GORE. A WIFE TO ORDER. 25. By FREDERI CK GERSTAECKER. CniavEn LIFE OF A SAILOR. 2s. By Captain MAXWELL. 2s. By TIIEODoRE laoox. HOOK. GIL BERT GURNEY. 2s. By THEODORE THE BLACK EAGLE. 2s. By G. P. R. JAMES. 'THE NIGHT SIDE OF NATURE_ 2s. By Mrs. CROwE 'THE YOUNG PRIMA DONNA. ls. 6d. By Mrs. GREY.. THE LITTLE WIFE. ls. 6d. By MRS. GREY. London : Routledge, Warne, and Routled. c 'e , Farringdon street. ---___ BENSON'S WATCHES. " Feneed= of mechanism."—Morning Post. sold Silver 2to 50 guineas. Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descrip tive of every construction of watch now made, with their rice S. Watches sent to alp parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for ss. extra. 33 and 34. Ludzate-bill, London, B.C. Established 1749. .0 OVAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT ' I GARDEN—under the Management of Miss LOUISA FYNE and Mr. W. HARRISON, Sole Lessees. THIS EVENING, LURLINE : Messrs. H. Wharton, H. Corti, G. Kelley, and Mr. W. Harrison ; Miss Leffler, Miss Albertazzi, and Miss Louisa Pyne. To conclude with the First Act of TROVATORE. Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon. Doors open at Seven. Commence at Half-past. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Boakstone. THIS EVENING the neriornasnoes will oommense with the new comedy, DOES HE LOVE ME 7 Messrs. Howe, Chippendale. E. Villiers, and Buckstone ilkins Miss Amy Sedg wick, Mims Florence Ilaydon, and Mrs. W. Followed by a new comedy, en titled ROMANCE AND REALITY. Messrs. Chippendale, Howe, Rogers, W. Farren, and John Brour.,Tham Miss Florence Haydon; Mrs. Willdns, and Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam. And THE SUN AND THE WIND. By the Lsclereqs. Commence at 7. VOYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- ..LA, 'Lessee and Manazer. Mr. A. Harria. This Theatre will RE-OPEN on SATURDAY NEXT, Oct. 27, when Mr. Pechter, the favourite actor of Parisian re - nown, will make his first appearance on the English stage, in an adaptation of Victor ringo's celebrated Play of RITY BL AS, by Edmund Falconer, Esq. characters also by Messrs. Walter Lacy, Meadows, Garden. Graham, Raymond, Morland, Collett, Paulo, Daly, A. Harris • Miss Rose Leclerc% Mrs. Weston, and Miss Heath. To bei preceded by SUSAN SMITH. After the Farce, the admired Play of THE FIRST NIGHT. THEATRE - ROYAL LYCEUM. Sole Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE. In consequence of the extraordinary success attending the production at this Theatre of Sheridan Knowles's Comedy of "THE LOVE CHASE," the brilliant reception accorded to Miss GOugenheim in the character of Constance, and the enthusi astic applause bestowed on Mrs. Keeley's personation of The Widow Green, the Management feels called upon to announce its repetition during the week. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with Sheridan Knowles's Comedy of THE LOVE CHASE. The Scenic Department under the direction of Mr. Wm. Callcott. Principal characters by Mr. T. Lyon, Mr. Henry Neville, Mr. George Vining. Mr. H. Butler, Mr. Forrester, me Campbell, Mrs. Keeley, Miss Kate Saville, and Miss Gougenheim. After which, a BALLET DIVERTISEMENT, In which the celebrated Dancers the Misses Marie and Annie Collin s= will appear. To conclude with. every Evening', a New Drama, entitled THE PIONEERS OF AMERICA, principal characters by Mr. H.Watkins (his 11th appearance in Enzland), Mr. Henry Neville, Mr. Campbell, Mr. Lyon, Mr. Villiers, Mr. Forrester, Mr. H. Butler, Mr. J. Johnstone, Mr. J. Morris, Miss Kate Saville, and Miss Turner. DELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. Sole Proprietor and Manager, MT. Benj. Webster. Great Success of the new Drama, by Dion Boumiscanit, Esq., "The Colleen Bawer"—Miss Agnes Robertson every even ing. THIS EVENING, THE RIFLE CORPS. Messrs. W. Smith. D. Fisher, C. Selby, Miss W oolgar. Miss Kate Kelly, and Mrs. Billington. After which, THE COLLEEN DAWN. D. Bourelcault, D. Fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson. C. J. Smith, Romer. Miss Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley. To conclude with MUSIC HATT! CHARMS. Mr. David Fisher. Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7, Box-office open from 10 till 5. No charge for booking. Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes,'4l. OrchestraSll;llEl,6s: ; ; Frout Chili Stalls, is. • Pit Stalls, 2g.; Pit, Is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, Is ; Gallery, Ed: Aotinz Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- Proprietor and Manager, Mr. WM. BATTY. - rlk- Triumphant success and increasing, popularity of the Grand Spectacle of Rolm; HOOD. This Evening, the highly successful new Spectacle, in Three Acts, by Fitzball, Esq., entitled ROBIN HOOD ; or. the Merry Outlaws of Sherwood ; introducing the Stud of highly trained Horses, Herd of real Deer, Stag Hounds, &c, a-Dale, Miss Rebecca Isaacs ; Robin Hood, Mr. John Prit chard. To be succeeded by Scenes in the Arena—Star Riders of Europe. commence at 7. Doors open at halt-Fast 6, pert Boa-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stare Manager—Mr. W. Wrwr. Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING, A Grand Selection from the opera of NORMA. Norma .. ........... Miss RUSSELL. Adale - isa (Her first appearance in this country.) After which the ETHIOPIANS, consisting of Seventeen Per formers. organised expressly for this establishment, for the Performance of Vocal and 'lnstrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with Negro Delineations, Anecdotes, &c. Prin cipal Negro Artistes, Messrs. Joe Brown, G. W. Pell, H. Drummond, and Charley 14'ex. Musical. Director, Mr. F. JONGHMANS. Balcony, is, ~,—Hall. M. THA WEATHER.—Sus OFFICE, Ocr. 26, MO. THERMOMETER, IN THE slums. 62—this day at noon. 55—Iowest this morning and during the night. 61—highest since noon yesterday. BAROMETER-29.98. WlND—South-Westerly; light, with mild moderate, dull weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DAY.—Morning, h. m.—Afternoon, 12h. Om. To-mon.now.-Morning, 12h. 18m.—Afternoon, 12h. 37m. r: to 4, a cf,4l- 0 , _ - D tz. THE SUN. !LONDON, FRIDAY, OCT. 26, 1860. It is not only in Italy and Hungary that the wattle of human liberty is being fought. In the great Republic across the Atlantic it is now raging almost as fiercely as in the old world. In the States where their constitution asserts the equality and freedom of every man, and his inalienable right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, there is a tyranny and a slavery to which the rule of the Austrian Hapsburgs and the Italian Bourbons, and the political slavery of Neapolitans, Romans, and Hungarians appear mild by comparison. And to Englishmen, with their motto of civil and reli gions liberty all over the world, the wretchedness Icoloured Americans, and the appalling absolutism of th e Americans, will neve r c ease t o b e a n o bj ec t acepest interest. To put a peaceful end to the tyranny and the slavery alike is the object of the present party struggle in the United States ; and every considerati on which can influence us here —political, moral, stimulate our i n t erest i and commercial alike—must n the success of ABRAHAM LINCOLN. Like most Americas Presidents, he is not indeed the greatest man of his own party. Indeed a greater than he is canvassing for hi m. . quite unknown but a few month s ago to the BritishB name wa‘ public; but that of Mr. SEWARD, as G overnor of New York, and as a distinguished senator would have own State, has long been well known. ne have been can didate for the Presidency on thi s occasion, but the necessities of party required that he should put his fair claim in abeyance for the present for the sake of the great cause, and he has not only done so, but is most nobly devoting his entire energies, and his eloquence, which is consi derable, to publicly canvassing for the candidate selected in his place. He is visiting as many places as he can, and very effectively discussing the claims cf his party. His speeches are anything but rnob oratory ; we have noticed them before, and they certainly shoW that our cousins, although they may listen with party zest to plenty of " blarney'," Yet know as well as we d o h ow t o a pp rec i a t e a ble statements and reasonings, A spew_ of of lowa, Mr. SEWARD'S, d e li vere d i n th e St a t e I 110 W before us, in which he staters and urges t%Republican case with great clearness and vigour.' Tt% object of his attacks he thus describes " The policy of the Federal GoNnment has been to extend and to fortify African slave labour in the United States." This has been going on for forty years. The Republican party proposes to reverse this policy. Texas, Missouri, Kansas, the war with Mexico, the purchase of Cuba, have all been matters and occasions of pro-slavery policy ; and thus, for this long time, have the slave-holders been pushing in every way, however recress and unfair, their grand object, of making slavery the policy, the life and soul of the Union. And now, the policy of the slaveholders is put before the States in two forms. First, Mr. BRECKENRIDGE and his friends say that slaves are merchandise and pro perty in the territories under the constitution of the United States, and that the national Legisla tion and the Courts must protect it in the terri tories; and no power on earth can discharge them of the responsibility. Second, Mr. DOUGLAS and his friends put it in this form :—" What is the beat way not to keep slavery out of the territories." This controversy, then, ob serves Mr. SEWARD, is one really with which the negro has nothing to do. As it stands, it is a contro versy between two classes of white men—between the privileged and unprivileged—an aristocratic class who want to extend and perpetuate their power in the territories, and a democratic class who have no slaves, who won't have any, and who mean that the aristocratic class shall not be extended. Mr. SEWARD tells his friends that they are thus fighting the same battle substantially which is going on in Hungary and in Naples. It certainly sounds oddly to us that the Democrats in the States should be represented as the privileged aristocracy, at least as including it entire in their party; and the Repub licans, the Conservative party there, as fighting against privileges and for equality. Yet there is truth in the representation. For if the rule of the slaveholder be not aristocratic privilege in its most outrageous form, we should be at a loss to say what privilege is. Slight, indeed, are the privileges of our aristocracy, or of any feudal nobility in Europe, except, perhaps, that of the tottering feudalism of Russia, compared with the privilege of using a fellow creature absolutely as our property. Mr. SEWARD has some remarks to which our cotton consumers at Manchester would do well to listen. They are continually trembling for the cotton supply from America. They are intimately bound up with the New York merchants, the New York merchants with the planters of the Southern States; Manchester is linked to New Orleans, and it is a link which has a strong tendency to bind Manchester as well as New York to the wrong side. New York trembles for its advances to Southern planters, and Manchester trembles for its raw material. Now Mr. SEWARD follows in the wake of the famous " Helper's Book," and shows how entirely useless slave labour has been in regard to the great staples of the States, and how infinitely it is surpassed by free labour—that, in fact, the future greatness of the United States is bound up with the question of free labour. Were, indeed, cotton raised by free labour, it can hardly be doubted that the supply would be vastly larger than it now is, and far more to be relied on. Look in what direction we please, it is free labour does all that requires energy and skill. The vast forests of America have been cut down by it, for not a deal nor a lath has a slave contributed. Ice is fished up from the lakes and carried over the world, fish are cattght on the coasts—a vast trade is carried on on the Mississippi—all done by freemen. Free men quarry the marble, work the mines, carry on every species of manufacture—no man thinks of employing slaves in these things. " The three great wheels of natural wealth are agriculture (includ ing the subjugation of the forests), manufacture, and trade;—slaves are unfit—African slaves are absolutely unfit to be employed in turning either of those wheels, and thus it is one of the elements of a prosperous state, that its people should be not slaves but freemen !" It was of course easy for Mr. SEWARD to show that all the moral elements of greatness were want in slavery and slaveholding—and must be wanting in the states where they prevail. Introduce slavery into lowa, he asked, and what is the kind of freedom of speech you would enjoy ? What kind of freedom of the Press? freedom of bridges ? freedom of towns ? In the slave states it seems that everything is, subordi nated to the grand rule of maintaining that property is above labour. Well—the election of delegates is fast approaching, and we can only express our hope that the pro-slavery party will be beaten once and for ever, and the policy inaugurated of limiting slavery to boundaries already too extensive, and of repealing the infamous Fugitive Slave Law, and every act which has virtually made the entire Union a Slave Republic. Mr. BUCHANAN'S successor will be the nineteenth choice of the American Republic for its four-years' President ! Who will be that solemnly elected ruler and representative of the United States' Confederation ? Events will now, of course, speedily inform us ; but already we know suffi ciently well one thing as a matter of almost abso lute certainty, that nowhere among her population of 27,000,000 is the young Republic —not yet one century old, founded now but six and seventy years ago—that no where in all her thirty-four states is this young Republic likely to fix her regard upon any citizen worthy, by the simple elevation of his character, of assuming his place in the chair of WASHINGTON. The candidates, indeed, are known by name already upon both sides of the Atlantic. DOUGLAS, " the little giant" is one—BELL, the Union candi date, another—a third is LINCOLN—a fourth, BRECKINRIDGE. Whosoever amongst these aspi rants to the suffrages of their fellow-citizens nay come in eventually at the head of the poll—in his regard may certainly be put forth quite as won deringly, quite as reasonably, quite as ludicrously, as simple a query as to his individuality, as that preposterous question that (we read) in spite of the solemnity of the occasion went forth with a shout of laughter " from end to end of Pen sylvania Avenue," upon the inauguration day of 1845—Who, in the name of fortune, is " JAMES POLK," the new President ? Who now is " DOUG LAS ?"-who " BELL ?"—who " LINCOLN ?"—who "BRECKINRIDGE ?" And while the States are preparing for this momentous decision as to the next successor to the presidential ehair of WASHINGTON—how is the fame of GEORGE WASHINGTON borne by the young Republic in remembrance ? Is that pure and world - famous reputation cherished, as it should be, gratefully • and reverently ? Is it cherished, for that matter, at all ? Let the solemn and affecting 'record, published in our impression of Tuesday evening, answer—that record penned by the Times' Special Correspondent in commemoration of the visit recently paid by ER.H. the Prince of WALES to the home and grave o f General WASHINGTON. Our readers are hardly likely to have passed over that touching narrative with indifference : they cannot possibly have read ;its astounding particulars without their hearts being TEE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 1 26, 1880. LATEST NEWS• ----+. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : PARIS, OCT. 25, The Opinion Naionale says : " It is asserted that the Russian Charge d'Affaires at Paris yesterday received the following de- profoundly moved in the perusal with mingled emotions of wonder and indignation. True—as the inimitable satirist has sung in words of flippant irony (Don Juan, canto ix., stanza 8) : " Great men have always scorned great recompenses: EPAMINONDES saved his Thebes and died, Not leaving even his funeral expenses ; GEORGE WAsHINGToN had thanks and nought beside Except the all-cloudless glory (which few men's is) To free his country. " But—that country which he had freed, that grate ful nation had, after the:death of its first Liberator, ostentatiously purchased Mount Vernon, the home and tomb of WASHINGTON, with the avowed purpose of rescuing both from destruc tion. And now the Home is in ruins and utter desolution. The very trees around it are " mil dewed over with a sickly mass"—the smooth shaven lawn of yore has grown into a rough meadow—the trim shrubberies are wild and tangled thickets of rank and neglwted vegetation. As to the picturesque house itself the " wooden lattice balustrade is ruined and broken like torn lace"—tho panels of the doors are shrunk and cracked—the weather-cock upon the roof has rusted into a grim fixture—the very roof itself, green tiled and desolate, "droops in slow bends," is sunk, is sinking lower gradually in perilous un dulations. The description, altogether, reads more like a prose version of the " Haunted House" of HOOD, or an exaggeration of EDGAR POE'S ghostly death tale of the " House of Usher," than like a matter-of-fact amount of the actual condition of the Home of WAsifixoToN, as penned by a Times Correspondent. Meanwhile, a few miles from this dilapidated home and grave, there stands in the central hall between the two Houses of Assembly, at the Capi- tol of the City of Washington, Mr. GREENOUGH'S colossal statue of GEORGE WASHINGTON. It stands there, that giant effigy of the American Liberator, not far removed from another sculptured figure— the figure of Justice ! It stands there, hard by that Republican Assembly, in which one of the national representatives, Rot so very long since, rase and cried aloud in scorn to his brother freemen,—" A galg of male and female slaves for sale, warranted to breed like cattle, linked to each other by iron fetters, are passing now along the open street be neath the windows of your Temple of Equality !" Remembering which, it is by no means startling to read—what is only in strict keeping with those most lamentable incongruities—that to this day the Home of WASHINGTON is shown to the visitor by a slave ! " A slave herself," writes the wondering correspondent, " though the only cicerone to the deserted mansion of the man who gave freedom and independence to this conti nent. This woman," adds the writer, " has the key of the house, and, passing sulkily under the arcade, points out with a monotonous drawl of habit the old arm chair in which WASHINGTON used to sit near the door, with its little desk fastened to one side on which he wrote and answered the dispatches placed in a drawer beneath. The Prince was honoured by having the chair brought out for him to sit in—a chair which future ages will regard with as much veneration as the thrones of state on which the whole dynasties were crowned. But the slave is tired of pointing it out, and hurries on to the door, fumbling in her pocket for the key, while she apolo gises in shambling terms for the ruinous decay to which the house is falling. Oh, vanitas vanitatum ! a dirty negress shows the home of WASHINGTON for cents, and drops her maudlin pity on its sad forlorn neglect." In the name of decency let us hope that whichever of the " great men," now:candidates for WASHINGTON'S chair of the Presidency—whether it be DOUGLAS, or BELL, or 'Armors, or BRECKEN RIDGE who shall be the nineteenth choice of the Republic for President—let us hope that Mr. BUCHANAN'S successor, whoever he may be, will deem it to be among his most solemn duties, im mediately after his installation in the White House, to alter the state of things now visible at Mount Vernon, in Virginia. To Mr. BUCHANAN himself it probably appears only quite right and reasonable that the walls around the grave there should remain " debased with the offensive scrawls of travellers, not ashamed to leave these records of their vulgar infamy behind"—that the neighbour ing house should be one melancholy spectacle of decay and demolition—that A Slave should be the guardian of the Home and Tomb of WASHINGTON ! "LOT.N ONE 4NOTILEI." We dream of music heard in heaven, Of Hallelujahs, loud and long; Of golden lyres and seraph choirs, And all the bliss of angel-song. But the rich strain and raptured flow That pour around the Mighty Throne ; Spring from the key-note touch'd below, When JESUS said, in gentle tone, " Love one another." We fondly picture future homes Where there shall never more be night ; With crystal walls and azure domes Bathed in the flood of Glory's light. We hope to walk the star-pav'd ground And claim " a mansion," high and pure; But this plain Corner-stone is found Fis'd here to make that mansion sure, "Love one another." Short Creed I—but taught by God's own Son ; The Typo of Truth and Human Good : The Holy, Wise, Child-hearted One; Who sealed his Mission with his Blood. When scoffers led Him forth to die, No hate, no vengeance fill'd his breath ; "Father, forgive them," was His cry, Still teaching in his hour of death "Love one another." ELIZA. COOL ST. JAMES'S HALL.—The Buckley Serenaders' entertainment seems to increase nightly in attraction. Last evening they were honoured with one of the most crowded audiences that has yet assembled, and the whole of the songs and burlesque acting of the troupe were applauded to the echo. Miss Julia Gould, prima donna, is an artiste of the highest order. DEATH OF LADY SOUTHAMPTON.-We regret to announce the demise, after a lingering illness, of Lady Southampton, who expired at WhittleburY-lodge, North amptonshire, on Tuesday night. Harriet 14)%dy Southamp ton was the only daughter of the Hon. Henry Fitzroy Stanhope, second son of the second Earl of Harrington, and was cousin of the present earl. The deceased lady was mar ried, onithe 23d of February, 1826, to Lord Southampton, and leaves no issue. THE NOTTINGHAM FORGERlES.—Yesterday, Mr. William Tait, jeweller and bill discounter, was brought up on remand before the mayor and borough magistrates charged with uttering a forged bill for £169 12s. Mr. Hunt appeared for the prosecution ; and Mr. Huish, bar rister and Mr. Maples for th e pr i soner. After a variety of evidence had been offered, the magistrates retired to consult. Upon their reappearance the mayor said that the prisoner would stand committed to take his trial at the next assizes. policeC was rt, on court, brought i? i 0 Wednesday, n r A . E t vtahne Thomas, Birkenheadthe b ne setter, re mand, charged with the manslaughter of Francis boy eight years of age, whose death, it was all ege d, Was caused by the unskilful treatment of the prisoner. In con sequence of the conflicting nature of the medical evidence the magistrates determined upon sending the case for tri a l , Mr. Thomas was accordingly committed to the next Ches ter assizes, but was admitted to bail.' TAKING DOWN A LAWYER.—A story is told of a very eminent lawyer in New York receiving a severe repri mand from a witness on the stand whom he was trying to browbeat. It was an important issue, and in order to save his cause from defeat it was necessary that Mr. A— should impeach the witness. He endeavoured to do it on the ground of age. The following dialogue ensued :—Lawyer —How old are you ? Witness —Seventy - two 'ears. Law yer—Your memory, of course, is not so brilliant and vivid as it was twenty years ago, is it ? Witness—l do not know but it is. Lawyer—State some circumstance which oc curred, say twelve years ago, and we shall be able to see how well you can remember. Witness —I appeal to your honour if I am to be interrogated in this manner; it is insolent ! Judge—Yes, sir ; state it ! Witness—Well, sir, if you compel me to do it, I will. About twelve years ago you studied in Judge B—'s office, did you not ? Law yer—Yes. Witness—Well, sir, I remember your father coming into my office and saying to me, "Mr. D., my son is to be examined to-morrow, and I wish you would lend me fifteen dollars to buy him a suit of clothes." I remem ber also, sir, that from that day to this he has never paid me that sum. That, sir I remember as though it had been t but ye stay. erd ay. Lawyer (considerably abashed)—That will do, s w• itness—l presume it will. spatch : " At Warsaw everything goes well. The prin ciple of a European. Congress has been adopted. " ' Communicate this in the proper quarters.' " 3.20 P.M. The Bourse has bi 3en very dull. Rentes closed at 68f. 85c., or the same as yesterday. WARSAW, OCT. 25. At 9.30 a.m. to-day the Emperor of Austria paid a visit to the Emperor of Russia at the Belvedere. The three Princes; and their Ministers afterwards held a conference of one hour's duration. The Emperor of Austria will leave to-morrow, with the Emperor of Russia and the Prince Regent, for Skcerneewicz, on a hunting excursion, and is expected to arrive in Vienna on Sunday next. The shooting-match which was to have taken place in the camp to-day has been countermanded. VIENNA, OCT. 25, Preparations are being made by the authorities at Vienna for a solemn reception of the Emperor on his return from Warsaw on Sunday next. The Cardinal Primate of Hungary has been ordered to commence preparations for the 'corona tion of his Majesty as King of Hungary, which is to take place at Presburg noxt spring. CONSTANTINOPLE, OCT. 20. Prince Couza left Constantinople on the 17th inst. Nothitig important was done during his visit. The Grand Vizier is said to be favourable to a forced loan. Aali Pasha has been named Minister for Foreign Affairs. The withdrawal of Riza Pasha from the Ministry is expected. A great fight took place at the election of the Greek Patriarch. The British Government has proposed to the Porte an amendment of the Commercial Treaty of 1838. Exchange is rising. NAPLES. A letter from Sant' Angelo (the advanced post of Garibaldi's army), of the 18th, says : " I left this morning from Naples to proceed to Caserta, and thence to the advanced posts. On arriving at the railway station at Naples, surprise is felt at the extraordinary movement which pre vails ; soldiers, officers, contractors for the army, peasants, all are mixed up together pell-mell. When I arrived here I joined Garibaldi, and we. set out to ascend to the high ground ; on reaching it, we alighted from our horses and set out on foot, Gari baldi walking first at a rapid rate. On arriving at the summit we distinctly saw a column of the enemy proceeding in the direction of the Abruzzi. Gari baldi glanced round, and, after a short examination, said, Nothing for to-day !' and returned to Caserta. I, however, accompanied General Cosenz to the sentinels the most advanced. We saw near a house almost in ruins, which was formerly occupied by the parish priest, Major Zampieri, of the Artil lery, a Venetian, busily engaged in making a' plan of the environs of Capua. The Major pro posed to us to visit a battery which is being con structed to silence one of the enemy's on the other side of the Volturno. We consented, and saw the importance of the position of the battery. The soldiers can only work at it at night, because the Royalists, in the day time, keep up a furious fire. As soon as they see a sword gleam,' said Major Zampieri, they salute us with a general discharge from all their guns !' No sooner had he spoken than a report was heard, followed by several others. At the first discharge my com panions and myself threw ourselves flat on our faces, but the Major laughed aloud. We, however, after a while went back to the battery, and reached it in safety. In descending, we felt alarm lest the Royalists should fire at us, and this disquietude was natural, seeing that they have rifled cannon. Before we had gone far we received a general discharge of shells and grenades, and one of the former burst jnear us ; we all, however, with the exception of Zampieri, again threw ourselves on the ground. We left him in the aforesaid ruined house which has been twice set on fire with shells, but which he continues to occupy with perfect stoicism. We had not taken more than ten steps when we heard a sharp fire of musketry at our right, and it turned out to be an attack of advanced posts. The Pied montese artillerymen went to their guns; two bat talions of the English regiment hastened up to dis lodge some hundreds of Royalists who were firing from the midst of a quantity of brushwood. The affair seemed likely to become serious, and we hastened back to the house of the major at the risk I of being taken prisoners ; however the engage ment only lasted a few minutes, the Royalists hav ing retired, not, however, without having caused a loss to the English of a captain and six men, and of several wounded. The latter were conveyed to Caserta, and Garibaldi visited them immediately. This affair was the " baptism of fire" of the Eng lish legion. As for our party, regretting our curio sity, we returnedin all haste to Caserta, and related our misadventure to General Garibaldi. ' You might,' said he, have been made prisoners, and journalists are not so easily ransomed as peoplo imagine. Two days ago I had to give two Neapo litan colonels in exchange for the correspondent of the Daily News, and one has not always two colonels at hand!' As to Capua, it would have been taken a month ago, if it had been bombarded for two hours. But Garibaldi has a strange way of making war, and his generals complain of it. This great soldier is the most humane of men. A considerable number of Royalists wounded encumber the hospi tals, and as they vehemently object to being sent back to Capua, Garibaldi will not constrain them to go. At Maddaloni about 3,000 prisoners were made, and he set thetn at liberty. He is, to all appearance, anxious to overcome the enemy by generosity." A letter from Naples of the 20th says :—" The commission which had gone to present an address to Victor Emmanuel returned yesterday, quite de lighted with the frank, soldier•like, and unostenta tious reception which they had met with from the King. His Majesty was not surrounded by any court, and came forward alone in the salon to meet the deputation. He appeared to pay but little attention to the three addresses which were read by MM. Vacca, Ferrigni, and Bonghi. and would have much preferred to talk freely and familiarly on different subjects. The King inquired whether Ferdinand 11. had really treated the Neapolitans in the atrocious manner attributEd to him by the European press, and said that the deceased monarch knew no other trade than that of king, and that consequently he should have allowed his ministers to govern according to the wishes of the country. ' The question at pre sent is not,' said his Majesty, ' ono of personal am bition, but of constituting Italy. o be king of four or of twenty-four millions of men matters but little to me, but it is important that people who speak the same language and come from the same race should have one country, and that it should be an independent one. We are destined to be a great people, if we are determined to be so. Austria in cessantly threatens me; not long since she for warded to me a note through the Emperor of the' French, full of angry expressions, but that affects' me but little. Austria has lost the propitious mo ment for attacking me ; she is preparing for next spring ; but then, with the co-operation which you will bring me, I shall have 400,000 men under arms, and the Italians, thank God, know how to fight. The Pope himself now writes to me with tenderness. The European powers are not well satisfied, and they sulk, but none of them threaten except Austria. We act like people who are at justice and and Europe will in the end ad mit the and the right of our cause. lam well satisfied with Garibaldi ; he is rather capricious, but Italy does not possess a more noble son nor a tnore noble heart. I have ,;:everal times offered him artillery ; but he re fused it lie was lured by the hope of taking posses sion of Capita at the point of the bayonet. Tell your fellow countrymen, gentlemen, that I shall never c ease to be for all what I have been for my little pi e viont. I will perform my duty as a King and as a soldier; let us all do that, if Italians. Let us bear in mind that we have not yet the key of our house, but from to day we may 84 that Italy is made. Let us hope and persevere.' His Majesty remained in conversation with the commission for wore than an hour." A letter from Turin of the 20th says ! tt M. d'Azeglio, seriously afflicted with a com plaint in the throat, could not speak in the Senate lately in the discussion on the Annexation Bill, but he caused Count de Cambray-Digny to read a speech which he had prepared. In it he expressed his complete adhesion to the policy which the force of things and the supreme interest of Italy impose on Victor Emmanuel, and then went on to declare, in the presence of Europe, that the recompense de creed by Bertani to the family of the assassin Milano was disavowed with horror by the nation. M. d'Azeglio expressed himself on this point with the indignation of an honest man, and with the noble susceptibility of the irreproachable patriot who will not suffer the honour of his country to be injured. He was applauded with an enthusiasm which proved that his sentiments were those of the Senate and of all Italy." A communication from Messina, of the 20th, has the following We do not see that in any of the Northern papers they have got hold of the true history of our citadel, which is still held by the Neapolitan troops. There have been several negotiations for its being handed over to the Sicilans, but they have failed from a variety of causes. The stock of ammunition and provisions deposited there is immense. Some will tell you that it is, or was, pro vision for five years. Under these circumstances, the sum offered privately by the Sicilian Govern ment to the Commandant, though large in appear ance, was in reality not near what it ought to have been in proportion to the value of the property to be transferred, to say nothing of the advantageous po sition. This being the case, the officers found it more profitable to hold it, and to declare their un shakeable fidelity and loyalty to the Royal cause, which declaration has called forth due encomiums from Gaeta, extra pay, and so forth. All this time the position of our defenceless town is not altogether the most enviable. If any investigation concerning an immense amount of peculation going on in the citadel stores is ever made, apprehensions have been e x pressed that it may be warded off by the explo sion (accidental, of course) of a powder magazine, which would cover a multitude of sins, but do us no good in the' town. Then we have 3,000 to 4,000 men holding a position of enormous strength, and in anything but a good state of discipline, who could reduce the city to ashes at any time, and whose proceedings in this respect we well know would be at once endorsed by the Power in whose name they profess to act. Within the last few days we have been free from the occasional visitations of shell and firing on the outposts, which continually took place a few weeks ago. The French ship of the line Tage, has taken her station in the very centre of our port, and while she remains here any wanton display of spite will, no doubt, be put a stop to. It is a subject of some regret that the British Govern ment are not equally well represented. There is nothing like an actual display of force to prevent con tretemps of this sort, particularly as the garrison are described as little better than an armed rabble, who have not forgotten how they have been baulked of the long-promised plunder of the town, with which, it is said, they are still deluded, while their officers are not likely to be held responsible for any injury they may do the city." FEANCE. PARIS, OCT. 25. BOURSE, Oct. 25.—The arrival of Consols with a slight improvement has tended to maintain firm-. ness in this market, but without having the effect of giving a stimulus to transactions, which con tinue very limited. Threes are now at 68f 874 c ; Mobilier, 705 f; Orleans, 1,368 f 75c; Mediterranean, 917 f 50c; Northern, 972 f 50c; Austrian, 485 f; Lom bard, 4821 50c. The following are the last quota tions : 41 per per Cents... 95 85 Credit Fancier — Do end month.... —1 Belgian 41 — 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 85 ' Roman Bank Shares 2850 Austrian Credit ivlobilier.... 705 , Spanish Threes 4B De. Account 703 75 ; Home Debt ItAILIVATS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 916 25 .. 918 25 Geneva.. — .. 352 50 Southern 505 .. Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard AUSTRIAN MOVEMENTS. The Opinione Nationale has the following respect ing the movements of the Austrians : "It would be difficult to interpret in a pacific sense the construction of a bridge which the Aus trians are actually throwing across the Po, near Borgo-forte • it can only be in view of some proxi mate move ;hat we can explain the presence of the Dake of Modena in that locality, at the head of 5,000 men, and the concentration of 20,000 Austrians at Revere. Justly alarmed by these preparations, the Piedmontese Government is hastily adopting the necessary measures to repel an attack if neces sary. The railway companies have been ordered to prepare a large number of carriages to be at the disposal of the military authorities. Bodies of troops have been sent to the more important points. Such is the serious state of affairs. Will it be better or worse after the Warsaw conference ? That has still to be seen," THE WARSAW CONFERENCE. A letter fiom Warsaw, dated October 22, says : " Yesterday evening the streets through which the Emperor had to pass on his way to the theatre were illuminated, but not with that brilliant and fairy-like splendour we are accustomed to at Paris. Ends' of candles stuck in bottles at the windows, and flaming lampions. The representation at the theatre attracted crowds, and at 7 o'clock there was not a seat empty except the private boxes of the Polish nobility. A whole hour passed before the Emperor made his appearance. "Finally he entered, accompanied by Princes Charles and Albert of Prussia, the Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar, the Prince of Wurtemberg, a number of other Princes, Generals, Aides-de-Camp, &c., all resplendent with gold and orders. The public rose respectfully, the orchestra then commenced playing, and the curtain rose. The ballet, entitled the " Car neval de Paris," was admirably executed by some very pretty dancers. Another ballet is announced for this evening. " The Prince Regent of Prussia arrived to-day about noon at the railway station. He was met by the Emperor, who immediately started with him for the Palace of the Belvedere. The Prince was only accompanied by two of his aides-de-camp, the Minister of War (who had been specially invited by the Emperor), M. de Gruner, Secretary of State, and the other persons b6onging to his usual suite. :-After having installed his guest, the Czar went to attend Divine service in the Greek Church, and also attended mass in the Cathedral of St. Job*. Thence he proceeded to Praga, to lay the first stone of the bridge which is to connect the two shores of the Vistula. This bridge, like that at Cologne, will serve for a railway bridge as well as carriages and pedestrians. Although it was blow ing very hard, a large concourse of people had as sembled, including many eleg =fly dressed ladies. An immense crowd lined the banks of the riyer. Timidly cheered, the Emperor crossed the tempo rar3r wooden bridge, accompanied by his son, the Hereditary Prince, and the Grand Dace of Saxe- Weimar. " You see there are festivities enough,, and in appearance politics do not play a great part. It is said, however, that, while awaiting the arrival of the Emperor of Austria, the Prussian and Russian diplomatists have made the most of their time. The presence of the, Emperor Francis Joseph appears to be ill viswed by all parties. It is not, however, thought that any deraonstration of ill feeling will be made. ,4 The Emperor of Austria, his Ministers, and diplomatists are not expected here till 4 o'clock this afternoon, AUSTRALIA. The Red Jacket, from Australia, with 36,0000 z. of gold, arrived off Queenstown at 4 p.m. ; landed passengers, and proceeded to Liverpool. AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY. The United States steamer Arago, Capt. Lines, which left New York on the 13th inst., has arrived off Cowes. During the procession through New York, in honour of the Prince of Wales, a man stepped from the crowd and aimed a heavy blow at his Royal Highness, at the same time giving utterance to the most opprobrious epithets. The Prince escaped the blow directed . against him. The ruffian, who is said to be an insane Englishman, was imme diately arrested. The Prince of Wales' visit had otherwise proved a great success. QUEENSTOWN, FRIDAY. The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Company's steamer ,Glasgow, Captain Thomson, from New York, on the 13th inst., has arrived. Exchange for the Glasgow and Arago, closed 108,1 109. Freights were brisker, MOBILE, OCT. 11. Sales of cotton, to-day, amount to 3,000 bales on the basis of 101 c. for middling. She brings 16 passengers for Southampton and 120 for Havre, and 1,750 dols. in specie for France. On the 24th instant she spoke the American ship Anna Thompson, steering west. NEW YORK, OCT. 12, EVENING. Closing prices of Stocks.—Pacific Mail, 87 871 ; New York Central, 891 ;-1; Erie, 391, s ; Panama 124 125 ; Illinois Central, 84f . 1y ; Michigan Cell. tral, 68.1 z ; Chicago and Rock Island, 731 1. Other commercial news has been anticipated. THIS DAY'S MA.RRETS. CORN EXCHANGE. A very poor supply of home-grown wheat was on offer here to-day, both as to quantity and quality. Selected samples were readily disposed of at quite Monday's cur rency, but the value of inferior kinds was next to nominal. The imports of foreign wheat have exceeded 36,000 quar ters; nevertheless holders ware firm, and a fair average business was passing, both in red and white qualities, at very full prices. Floating cargoes of grain sold somewhat slowly, but at extreme rates. We have again to report a good consumptive inquiry for barley, at full prices. There was a fair but by no means active inquiry for malt, at quite Monday's quotations. Oats, the supply of which was moderate, were the turn dearer, with a good consumptive demand. Beans and peas were taken off freely, on former terms. The demand for flour was somewhat restricted, never theless, prices were supported. ARRIVALS THIS WEEK. Wheat. Barley. Malt. Oats. Flour. English 1,040 ' 1,130 880 160 1 1,170 Irish — 50 I Foreign 30,720 j 4,110 I 8,070 1 4,210 sacks 30,010 brls. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. Our markets continue to be heavily supplied with all kinds of meat. The trade generally is heavy at further de pressed rates. Per Blbs by the carcase. s. d. s. d. .s. d. s. d. Inferior beef .... 2 0 2 6 Middling mutton 3 6 3 10 Middling d 0.... 2 8 3 4 Prime do .. 4 0 4 2 Prime lame do.. 3 6 3 8 Veal Do. small d 0.... 3 10 4 0 6rnall pork 4 10 5 4 Large pork 3 10 4 6 Lamb.... ...... • 0 0 0 Inferior mutton 3 3 3 4 BOROUGH HOP. All good and fine hops have changed hands steadily at full quotations; other qualities move off slowly at about previous rates. About 1,700 bales of foreign hops have arrived this week. The duty is called £40,000. Now Mid & East Kent pockets, £lB Os to £2B Os Wealds .. 14 Os to 20 Os Sussex .. .. 10 Os to 16 Os Yearlings .. .. 7 Os to 12 12s COLONIAL. TEA.—Only a moderate business has been done, as both buyers and sellers are waiting the advices by the overland mail, now daily expected. SUGAR.—There has been more activity, and slightly higher rates are now current for the better qualities. In the refined market only a limited business.has been done, at former rates. COPFEE.—The market has continued dull, and at public sale a decline of is per cwt. took place in values. RICE.—FuII rates have been readily obtained for the better qualities of East India, and transactions have been to a moderateextent. FRUIT.—The demand for currants has not been quite so active ; prices, however, are well supported. SALTPETRE.—OnIy a limited business has been done, without any change of importance in values. _ TALLOI I /.-Less buoyancy has been apparent during the last few days, and a slight decline has taken place for for ward delivery. P.Y.C. in all positions up to March being quoted 593. 3d. to 595. 6d. per cwt. T.HIS DAY'S SHIPPING. LONDON, Oct. 26.—Wind this day at noon—South- Westerly ; moderate breeze, an fine weather, but rather cloudy. DEAL, Oct. 25.—Wind S.W.—Arrived—Paulin, from Monte Video. MILPORD, Oct. 25.—Wind S.W.—Arrived—Centori, from Savannah; Harold Haasfager, from Quebec—both for Pembroke. (BY SUBMARINE AND MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Friday Morning. . _ Wind W. ; cloudy. _ Arrived—Clara, from Marans ; St. George, from Galatz ; Seringapatam, from Moulmein; Laurel, from Seville; Die Eimeth, from Leghorn; Vulture, from Patras. Arrived, Oct. 26—Gustav Wasa, from Gottenburg ; Harmonic, from the Black Sea. Sailed—Phoenix, for Belize; Rajah of Sarawak, for Hong Kong; Carli, for Grenada; Achilles, for New Orleans ; Ophelia, for Mobile. Wind S.S.W., moderate. DEAL, Friday Morning. Passed—Panther, from Pugwash ; Patrician, ship, from the west (in tow) ; Sceptre, from Bordeaux ; Gibraltar, from Cadiz—all for London; Tamise, screw steamer, for Lon don ; Velicitan, from Rotterdam, for Bavaria.. Anchored—Madejid C. Anglais, from London for the Cape of Good Hope. DISCOVERY OF THE BODY OF A CHILD'IN EARL SPENCER'S GROUNDS, ST. JAMES'S.—Last evening Mr. Bedford, the Westminster coroner, held an investigation in the vestry-room, Mount-street, Grosvenor-square, re spectinw the circumstances connected with the discovery of the body of a fine female child, which was found in the grounds in the rear of Earl Spencer's mansion, which, as is well known, abuts on the Green-park. Thomas Phill well, gardener to the noble lord, deposed that on Tuesday afternoon, at about four o'clock, he was at work in the grounds, when in going through the shrubbery near the park railings bounding the Queen's-walk, he came upon a parcel lying within a few feet of the railings. He turned it over, an saw the arm of EL child. He at once commu nicated with a police-constable, who took charge of the body. The earl and family had been out of town for some time, and the mansion was partially shut up. Dr. Blox hem, of Duke-street, Grosvenor-square, said he had examined the body, which was that of a fine female child. The diaper napkin was of the finest texture, and had so me peculiar marks in blue and red silk thread, bearin g a great resemblance to the remains of a coronet. The jury re turned a verdict of " Found dead, there bein g no proof as to the cause of death." How A PIGEON WAS PLUCKED.—At the Central Police Court yesterday, James Garvin, 77, Now Venn , was remitted to the sheriff on a charge o f s t ea li ng a goldei watch and chain, and a coat, vest, and hat, from the person of William Gilchrist, Adelphi-street.earl on Sunday morn ing. Two brothers , by name Gilchrist, w ithi n the last few months , been raises, by have each, th e ir father, from the c o ndition of working the death o f m their own estim ation, is th e condition of en to what, in o ld man having left each of them 4 Brotherooo.gentlemen—the see ms to be of opinion that the sooner bi William b e tter,' and so has spent about £4oo s money i s gone th e during the last two months. In one of hi s night, he alighted in a house of on Saturday of n o t th e b es t repu tation, at 77, New F ennel. Here dri n ki ng an d s inging was the order of th e own er, happens to ha ve a good night, and as G arv i n , the " rich gentleman," and offered voice, he enchanted the to s' ter," of course of a "gentleman." sin a song i n ~ el:lame doffed his fine raiment, gold Aeordingly, William Garvin's nondescript tatters.watch and chain, and donned splendidly ; but after a little The song now went on most also in " character," and Garvin commenced dancing. house. After waiting danced out of the door of the on William's mind some time for his return, it flashed might not intend to that it was just possible that the man plucked of his gaudy return, and that he may have been police-office and feathers. He then proceeded to the The same evening gave information of how ho had been done. drinking, with ng the police found Garvin in a shebeen the stolen clothes upon hire, but without, the Watch or chain,--Glasgow .Daily Mail, PROJECT OA BE TIALF OF THE LITERARY CLASS. (From the London Review and Weekly Journal, conducted by Charles Mackay.) The Houses of Lords and Commons order to be Published every year, at the expense of the nation, a vast quantity of ponderous volumes, known, from their blue covers, as Blue Books. It would be too much to say that all these books are useless or un necessary ; but it would be a gross exaggeration, if not a perversion of the truth, to say that so many as one quarter of them are of any political, social, or literary value whatsoever. When a new mem ber of Parliament is elected he is certain to receive, within a few days, a printed circular, from one or other of the dealers in waste paper, offering him the highest current price for his blue books, and other Parliamentary lumber. It is no secret that cart-loads of these volumes, unread, uncut, uncared for, are no sooner received by our legislators than they find their way to the stores of these speculative dealers ; whence they emerge in duo season, and at an enhanced price, to shops of butchers, cheeseramigers, tripe-sellers, tallow-chandlers, and trunk-makers. They are so cumbersome, as well us uninteresting, that the members of Parliament who are not guilty of the meanness of selling them are only too glad to give them away to the public institutions and libraries of their respective boroughs, though these, as •is notorious, are not always so ready to receive the gifts as their members are to bestow them. And these books, upon the average, cost the nation about £250,000 per annum. Last year they cost £333,000. And bad as this view of the case may be, it is, un fortunately not the wors t o f it . If the books were simply useless, and the nation were rich enough to afford the luxury of an annual quarter or third of a million to keep a few paper mills going, and. the parliamentary printers at full work, it would become a question tor the custodians of the national purse, to consider whether the money might not be better bestowed in some other direction, and for the Chancellor of the Exchequer to decide whether a reduction of taxation, to the amount involved, might not be more just toward the people. But unluckily these books, and more especially those portions of them which relate to foreign affairs, have not the negative demerit of being useless, but the positive demerit and vice of being misleading and untrustworthy, if not absolutely false. But if, for diplomatic reasons, the falsehood can not be totally obliterated from the despatches of ministers to ambassadors, or of ambassadors to ministers—for who out of that charmed circle can deal with the suppressio veri?—something might be done to prevent the publication of the vast masa of inutility which yearly employs the Parliamen tary printers. If a plan could be devised by which none but useful and readable blue books should be given to the public—if in carrying out the plan at least half of the annual quarter of a million now wasted upon rubbish should be saved to the nation—and if, at the same time, a benefit should be conferred upon men who, according to the high literary and political authority of Lord Bacon, are the chief glory of a nation (though, under present arrangemeit, only glorious when dead)—we think the Government and the public ought to give it a respectful hearing. And such a plan we beg to sketch for the future consideration of Parliament and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. An English author in our days, unless he happen to hit the public fancy in novels and romances, or in some other mode that may pander to a fashion able taste, which may be good, but which is just as likely to be depraved or silly, is seldom a prosper ous person. He manages to live from hand to mouth, and, if he do not die in harness, and reach that period of life when his overwrought brain is unable to work any more, the Government is shamed into giving him a niggardly pension, to avoid the national disgrace of allowing him to die of starvation, or betake himself to the work house, or to a street-crossing, to sweep the road for his intellectual inferiors, for the sake of the chance halfpence that may be dropped into his hat. If the literary man happen to be a barrister of six years' standing, and a steady political partisan at the same time, there are thousands of good things which the Government can offer for his accept ance. All sorts of commissionerships, county judge ships, and recorderships are his to ask for and obtain. And if the worst come to the worst, he can accept £BOO or £l,OOO a-year as a stipendiary po lice-magistrate in the metropolis. But for the author proper there are no such chances. He must write for the newspapers or for the booksellers ; and if he be either too bad or too good for these. he may starve, or go to the diggings, or take himself out of this world alto gether, unless, as said before, he is very old, very eminent, and very poor, when a mean pension, less than that often given to a superannuated butler, is ' graciously bestowed upon him by the Prime Minis ter of the day. Our plan is that a dozen or twenty of such men, in the full maturity of their intellect, instead of being pensioned when they are worn out, should be employed, on behalf of the State, in editing the parliamentary docurriants—in reporting to the House of Commons what returns made by order are too trifling as well as too volumin ous to be worth printing ; what, in their opinion, should be condensed and epitomised ; what should be kept in manuscript, and what should be printed in extenso, and issued to the house and the country for the public guidance and instruction. ' At salaries ranging from £5OO to £l,OOO per annum, the State might thus build twenty harbours of refuge for competent literary men of good chiv racter, whose labours, carried on under the direc tion and ultimate veto of the House of Commons, might be the means of saving £lOO,OOO or £150,000 per annum. At present the connection of British literature with the State is simply degrad ing to both parties. The licenser of plays and the poet laureate are but servants in the Royal house hold, paid as the gold-stick and other servants are, because they are supposed to minister in some way or other to theßoyal dignity. All other connectionis eleemosynary. Twelve hundred pounds each year to ' be granted in pensions to the unfortunate devotees of art, science, and literature ; and at least one half of that pittance diverted from its purpose in pen sions to wives, daughters, and sisters of judges, admirals, generals, and other persons dear to the courtly circles, who have died without making proper provision for their families—such is the con nection of literature with the Government of the greatest, wealthiest, and most civilised nation of the globe. Why should not Literature as well as Law have - a chance of State employment in our country ? There are prizes in all professions but that of letters. It is true that if the man of letters amuses the young s enou g h. ladies, and makes the people laugh or shudder ov er hisn el n novels s and this romances, casese th e and accommodates his wares to the fashion of the market. Were there no other authorship than this,—were there no genius too lofty and too re fined for the immediate comprehension of the general reader and the devourer of novels,—were there no literary intellect in advance o f th e age, and of its ignorance or prejudice —our lite rary con dition would be poor indeed; our intellectual star would have culminated, and we should have to yield the first rank to nati ons more civilised than' ourselves. We have yet one more plea to urge in behalf of the project thus broadly sketched. The Government of this country is a newspaper proprietor. It pos sesses the London Gazette, an official journal, in which it is imperative upon the public, in many legal and commercial cases, to advertise, Out of this monopoly the Government derives a revenue of £15,000 per annum, after deduction of all expenses, —a sum sufficient to provide for the salaries of the Prime Minister, the Foreign Minister, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer. Literature might well put in a claim for work and pay out of a revenue like this, even did a large economy created by the judicious editing and publication of the Parliamentary documents, in the manner proposed, not allow sufficient margin for the purpose. M r . Di srae li, M r . Gladstone, Sir George Lewis, Sir Bulwer Lytton, Lord John Russell,— a ll lit erar y men an d m inisters, past or present,—might well consider whether the scheme might not be one of public advantage an d economy, as well as of literary recognition and re. ward. ~To the appreciative judgment of such men l life be a equally good soldier, Nvell that sh genius die as these, and to that of all the friends of literatur e in and out of Parliament, we recommend it. If it be well that genius, for its country, it may should live for it. And after all a living soldier is better than a dead one, whether he be an author or The grenadier's work may a grenadier. die with him—that of the author may la s t as long as the language. It is one of the glori es o f Oliver Cromwell that he knew how to employ Alilton. It is one of the disgraces of Charles 11. that he had neither sense nor magnanimity enough to rescue Milton from starvation. A FALL OVER THE CLIFFS. —At about 6 o'clock on Monday evening three miners w en t on the cliffs at Du- For. perth, near Charlestown, in Cornwall, the p ro p er ty o f M r. George Freeth, where, it is said, that a rabbit started up before them. They ran to see where it went, and one of the n en missed his hold on a furze bush, WI over the cliff, and to pieces. Immediately on the alarm being edCosstguards-men, under Lieut. Kinsman, were o gNiv n iays t e h nd e atsh a h p e ot, ready to render any assistance in their power. An inquest was to be held on th e remains yesterday. The three young men alluded to were Richard Vivian, John Tredinniek, and Thomas Ripper. They were returning from Datlipean. It was Vivian who fell and was killed. 1