The Sun. — London, England, 1829-09-07 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Irish Papers express much satisfaction at the result of a prosecution at Carrick-on-Suir, which ended in the acquittal of a Capt. ream, of the Police, charged with the murder of a youth who had been shot in a recent riot. In this case the prosecutrix was a poor widow, the mother of the deceased. Mr. Streit was her Counsel, and we have seldom, if ever, reed an address to any jury more judicious, temperate, or useful, than the reported speech of the Learned Gentleman on that trying and critical occasion. The jury, it ought to be observed, was composed of seven Catholics and five Pro testants. The verdict seems to have turned on the nuestion, whether the strong measure of diseharging fire-arms was unavoidabk under the circumstances in which Mr. Pearse had been placed, and the verdict was given in his faveur. The issue of this trial may, we should hope, do good, by tending to discountenance the invi dious and irritating practice of challenging per sons for no cause but their religious profession. Nothing can, on the face of it, excite more na tural indignation among conscientious members of any church, than to find their creed made a ground of objection to their capacity of doing justice between man and man upon their oaths ; as if a Catholic, for instance, was not subject to the fundamental laws of moral and Christian obligation. Would a Protestant endure in knee to be told emphatically by a public prose cutor, in any Christian country, that he would not be trusted on his oath, lest he might com mit perjury to gratify a political prepossession Although, therefore, we felt it incumbent on us, a week ago, to defend the Solicitor-Ge neral of Ireland for his mode of arranging the Borris-o'kane proceedings, in so far as concerned the admission and examination of evidence, without _regard to the probable effect of such evidence on the interests of the pro secution which he conducted, we by no means extend our praise to the peremptory challenge of all Catholics who offered themselves as jurors, and to the consequent limitation of that office to members of the Protestant faith. The impolicy of the practice was evinced by the effect of the . verdict on public feeling throughout the south of Ireland, the acquitted policemen being repre tented as still guilty of murder, though formally exempted from its penalties—Mr. Doherty being condemned as a prosecutor malajide, to screen the perpetrators of a foul assassination, and the Jury as a packed body of Orangemen, for the completion of a fraud on public justice. From the spirit thus manifested, it is plain to us, that the rigorous challenges of the Catholic Jurors rankle even more in the hearts of the people than the reception by the Crown of evidence which turned out to be exculpatory ; and if the Solicitor-General was a party to the exclusion of all but Protestant Jurymen in that case, we re gret that we must confine our applause to the principles on which he acted subsequently to the composition of the Jury. It is in Ireland of the first importance to convince the lower orders of the people that they arc fairly dealt by ; and when Government assumes the task of prosecut ing its own functionaries, tenfold caution ought to be used against the possible misconstruction of its motives. We have no doubt that a Jury of respectable Catholics would have returned the same verdict on the Borris-o'kane business as that which was actually delivered, and that the Crown Solicitor mistook his game by showing a distrust which was equally offensive and uncalled for.— Times. Some further outrages have taken place at Barnsley, and the place exhibits, it is said, the appearance of a besieged town. The Leeds Mercury observes, with respect to the disputes between the manufacturers and their weavers— " In conversing, as we have done, freely, with both tha masters and the men, we find both of them expressing great moderation in their views, and rather differing as to facts than as to their application. Both of them are convinced that if, in the town of Barnsley, higher wages are paid for the same kind of work than are given to the linen-weavers in the north of Yorkshire, in Lancashire, and in Scotland, the trade must inevitably leave that place; but the men contend that the wages at present paid in Barnsley are not, on the whole, higher than those paid in the above places, while the masters say that there is a very material difference between the prices paid there and at Darlington, Wigan, and at Mr. Maberly's works in Scotland, to the disad vantage of the Barnsley trade." The same paper adds, " we must not conceal the fact, that per sons the best informed, say that the wages paid at Barnsley for some sorts of work, are consi derably higher than those paid in the north of Yorkshire, and in Lancashire ; and that the quantity of yarn sold by the principal Leeds spinners to the masters in the latter places has been increasing—while that sold to the Barnley manufacturers has been diminishing. This change the spinners, who have no interest in the question at issue between the Barnsley masters and their weavers, attribute to the difference in the prices paid for weaving, and that opinion they expressed to the deputation of the Wea vers Committee, consisting of William Ash ton and Patrick Flanigan." The only effort of any attempt by combination, to keep prices in one place higher than they are in another, is to increase the trade in the place where the wages are lower. The lowest rate at which men can be found to work, must deter mine the prices everywhere. It is. not in the power of a master manufacturer to prevent wages from falling. When the labour market is glutted, a rival manufacturer, by buying labour cheaper than he does, will certainly undersell him. The English and Scotch weaver must sink to the level of the Irish ; for in a business so easily ac quired as weaving, there cannot be higher wages here than Irishmen will consent, to take. Of this the Editor of the Leeds Mercury is well aware, for he observes, " As a general principle, we think there is an undue depreciation in the wages of labour, and wish most heartily that anything could be done to arrest the progress of this tre mendous evil, which operates most injuriously on every branch of trade, manufacture, and agri culture. But it is by the labouring classes that this evil is felt in its greatest rigour. We have Corn Laws to protect the land-owner, and duties on importation to protect the manufacturer and merchant, but there is no protection for the in terest of the labouring classes, who are sinking rapidly in this country to a level with the labour ing classes in Ireland." So far from suffering from free trade, the Editor o f th e L ee d s Mer cury states that Barnsley has exported more linen during the last three years than during the preceding ten; and the wool, cotton, and iron trades, all suffering, are without rivals abroad. As far back as the year, 1788, it was shown by the Rev. Mr. Howlett, in one of his l, admirable pamphlets, " that the price of labour has not advanced- in proportion to the price of provisions," which he mainly attributed to the increase of their numbers within the preceding forty years. At the time when Arthur Young's " Annals of Agriculture" was almost filled with disquisitions on the state of the poor by Mr. Howlett ) Mr. Ruggles, Mr. Young himself, &c. in wh'eh the privations under which they were labouring were universally admitted, there is a communication from Sir Joseph Bankes (volume 19, published in 1793), dated Revesly Abbey, October 18, 1792, which, as was truly observed by Mr. Young in a note, " opened a new field for political speculation►'' At this time, when there were such complaints of low wages, Sir Joseph pays—" At Boston Holland Fen, a drained district of about 22,000 acres, which formerly produced nothing but fodder and thatch, has been, withi❑ these twenty years, drained so well, that it is now arable chiefly ; and having passed through the previous exhaustion of vast crops of cole and oats that yielded ten or twelve quarters an acre, has, within these few years, produced excellent wheat. Such quantities of land, infinitely productive in its nature, being suddenly brought into cultivation, without . any increase of people—for hitherto very few houses were built upon it—must necessarily require much foreign assistance ; and in truth labourers flock in during harvest time from all quarters ; in both towns they make the bridges their place of rendezvous, and as semble in multitudes at day break ; here the farmers meet them ; and in catching weather they never engage themselves for more than one day ; and then the breaking out of the sun from a cloud, or its passing under one, will rise or fall wages 2s. or 3s. in a moment. I have heard of thirteen shillings a day i❑ money ; and I spoke the other day to a Magistrate at Boston, who was under the necessity of compelling some persons to fulfil a bargain they had made and afterwards abandoned, to reap 62 acres of wheat at 9/. 10s. The quantity of liquor de manded varies much, according to the temper of the labourers ; but this year it began to be considered as no impropriety to demand at the rate of a pint for every shilling a day's wages. This is the present state of our affairs; but it will not be lasting ; wherever high wages are found there will be people also ; and you may be assured, that our Lincolnshire labourers are industriously employed in peopling as fast as they are able these fertile plains." Steam ves sels did not then give the English farmer and manufacturer the millions of superabundant popu lation of Ireland to draw on.—Morning Chron. All statistical inquiries are of use ; but their main value must in all cases depend upon their accuracy. Government, it is said, we know not with what truth, have set on foot an inquiry into the number of Dissenters in the United King dom. Could such an inquiry be made with ac curacy, it might furnish a curious document ; but its utility we are far from being able to dis cover, nor do we believe that any thing like ac curacy in the matter is attainable. There is, we believe, already more than one published ac count of the various sects into which the religious world is divided, and these probably con vey as near an estimate of the numbers of each as any inquiry set on foot even by Government would be likely to obtain. But we cannot see what the Government can have to do with any religion but that of the State. In reference to this, to be sure, it may naturally ask itself how many Dissenters there are ? Though the more important ques tion would be " Why there are so many ?" Now for this many reasons might be given, but the most material, and those which concern the Go vernment most, are these—the want of church room—the defective mode in which the Clergy are educated—the unequal division of clerical reward in proportion to clerical labour—and the partial, inconsiderate, and impolitic way in which so much of the Church patronage is bestowed. In reference to the first of these reasons, the want of church accommodation, to call men Dis senters who attend other places of worship, and who may, in fact, ultimately become converts to other creeds, merely because they cannot ob tain a footing or a seat in churches of the Esta ' bliThment is the height of folly and injustice, and, as far as forming any ground for a statistic account, would be an egregious fallacy. The metropolis (to say nothing of other large and populous places) furnishes proof enough of this. We certainly live in a church-building age, which, as far as appearances go, speaks well for the growth and advancement of religious know ledge. But though all men are alike in the eyes of their Maker, and ought to be so in those of church-builders—nay, even though churches are built out of the public taxes, towards which all men contribute—very few seats are to be ob tained in any of these churches but by those who can afford to pay a heavy annual rent for them ; and this because there is no way (so, at least, the lovers of vested interests think) of paying the Clergy for performing the duty in these churches but out of pew-rents ; while the in cumbents of the parishes wherein these new churches are erected enjoy not only their own original revenues undisturbed, but often the patronage of the new churches, and a propor tion of their revenues also. But, confining our view to the metropolis, what is there we would ask, to prevent the unemployed Clergy of its two cathedrals from being made useful ? What, in fact, do the Canons and Prebendaries of St. Paul's and Westminster Abbey do for the com munity in return for the large revenues which they draw from it ? And why should the Church be exposed to the danger arising from the number of her seceders being increased, while so many of her Clergy are mere mort mainers upon her revenues ? But, then, how can this be otherwise, while political and mere personal motives influence the distribution of one-half the Church preferment ? We will not invidiously point to names or families ; but who is there among our readers whe could not readily run -over in his own mind instances by far too abundant of the truth of what we say ? The other reason, the state of the Universities, as to discipline and education, as they regard the Clergy, is by far too copious a topic to enter upon at the present moment. Here then we pause, and ask of what use is it to inquire what the number of Dissenters may be, while we pass by the means of diminishing them ? Besides, many of those who would be called Dissenters 'in the course of this inquiry would repudiate the name, and deny that they are Dissenters at all ; the Calvinists and Wesleyan Methodists, for instance. Nay, a too scrupulous inquiry might find, perhaps, that it would term Dissenters in the vet)/ bosom of the Church itself, which it might be as difficult to class as to omit in an official return. All these, then, are reasons for letting such an inquiry alone. We would say, on this subject, in the words of the poet— " Cease to lament for that thou can'st not help, And seek for help for that which thou lament'st." • That the number of Dissenters is very great cannot be doubted. A mere numerical detail cannot mak e it mor e obvious. The remedy, too, is to be found not merely in a knowledge of the fact, but in a removal of as much of the cause as lies within the reach of those who are the constiuted guardians of religion.—Morning Herald. - - SUMMER. ASSIZES. CHESTER CIRCUIT-CHESTER, SEPT. 4. Joseph Woodhouse was charged with a capital felony on the person of .Maria Woodhouse, his own child, not quite eleven years of age. The prisoner was a blacksmith, residing at Newton, near Stock port. The offence was proved by the evidence of the little girl, corroborated by the testimony of her sister and aunt, and that of Mr. W. Tinker, a surgeon, who examined her person. We received a circumstantial report of the trial from our correspondent, but refrain from defiling our columns with the disgusting details. The Jury retired, and after an absence of fifteen minutes, returned a verdict of—Guilty. Mr. Justice JERVIS (putting on the fatal black cap) addressed the prisoner as follows :—Joseph Woodhouse, you have been found guilty on .the clearest evidence of . the crime of rape, which is one of the most aggravated that can be committed in a state of civilized society. This offence has, in your case, the revolting aggravation of having been com mitted upon your own daughter, a child not eleven years of age. It is impossible for language to ex press a greater degree of horror than must exist in the minds of all those who have beard your case, and that horror must be still greater, if possible, when I state, that it is within my knowledge, though it was not elicited on the trial, that this is the third time, you have attempted this abominable offence. An involunf ary burst of mingled horror and indig nation here burst from the whole Court. The Learned JUDGE then passed sentence of Death on the prisoner, in the usual terms. The prisoner, who maintained the most apathetic expression of countenance during the whole trial, heard this affecting address with apparently equal indifference. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. EXTRAORDINARY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ADUL TEROUS INTERCOURSE.—A lady, most fashionably attired, and possessing charms of no ordinary de scription, appeared in the justice-room on Saturday, to request that the Lord Mayor would be good enough to swear her to the truth of the contents of a paper which she held in her hand. The Loan MAYOR, after perusing the paper, ob served to the female, " Why, you accuse yourself of adultery ? What can be your motive for so extraor dinary a charge against yourself ? Have you had any advice upon this matter ?"—An elderly gentleman, who accompanied the fair applicant to the justice room, stated to the Lord Mayor that he was ac quainted with the circumstances, and that the affi davit was considered necessary. The lady begged most earnestly that she might be allowed to swear—" Do permit me, my Lord," said she, " to take my oath of the truth of it." The LORD' MAYOR—Why, amongst other things, you swear that you have been guilty of infidelity to your husband, and you also charge another person with having counselled you to do so. I cannot think of doing anything of the kind. The statement in the paper was, we understand, to the following effect :—The lady, who is about 23 or 2I years of age, was married a short time ago to an honest man, a mechanic. She had had a female friend with whom she had been on terms of the greatest intimacy, and on whose honour she had placed the greatest reliance. A gentleman with whom this female friend was intimate, however, thought proper to pay her very close 'attention, and at last made proposals to her of a description not at all equivocal. He, in fact, proposed that she should pass a whole night with him. To this proposition she felt all the repugnance natural to a woman of virtue, but in came her false friend, and used all her arts of persuasion to induce her to accept the invita tion. After repeated solicitations from those two assailants she at last yielded, and her virtue became, to use the language of the paper, " as sounding brass or a tinkling cymbal." The remorse she felt at this abandonment of duty was not alleviated by the con duct of her female friend. It was not to deny or to palliate this error the applicant desired to make affi davits of what had taken place with respect to the vile female alluded to, but to give so great a wretch a fair share of the odium. The LORD MAYOR thought the request a most monstrous one. He could not see how any woman in her senses could consent to destroy her own cha racter for ever for the purpose of proving that ano ther person had acted treacherously. The lady said that she certainly could not deny the charge of trim. con., but she considered the fabie friend worse who first encouraged and then betray ed her. The LORD MAYOR—WeII, there shall be no oath taken before me in this matter. I would have you to go home to your husband, and act to him in fu ture in such a manner as shall lead him to suppose that there has been no foundation for the report. The lady reluctantly and discontentedly retired, having first covered her face with her veil. MARYLEBONE. A genteel young lady, who has been married, came before Mr. RAWLINSON on Saturday evening, accompanied by a female friend, to explain a cir cumstance which has been represented in a way very unfavourable to her reputation. A story was circulated in the neighbourhood of her house that a child had been clandestinely buried in her garden, and, like all such stories, it bad lost nothing when re-told. It came to the ears of a street-keeper, and he, with an apprehension full of murder, on Friday morning made it known to Mr. Rawlinson, who immediately ordered Dutch, the of ficer, to go back with the street-keeper, and take a pickaxe and shovel, and dig up the spot. Dutch re ported in the evening that he had done so, and found nothing, but the story having been traced to a lady whose situation in life is respectable, it was thought necessary that an explanation should take place, and the patties met for that purpose at this office on Sa turday night. 1 t then appeared that a lad, who by the family is called Jack, lived with his mother in the house of the lady on whom the imputation was cast, and he, like Jack-of-all-work, took it into his head to dig a large hole in the garden, which, when he was doing►, he endeavoured to satisfy the curiosity of a neigh bour (the lady who promulgated the story) by tell ing her he was digging a hole for the purpose of burying his money. This lady stated before Mr. Rawlinson, that when Jack was digging the hole, she said to him " What are you going to do ?" He replied, "To bury my money ;" and a day or two after he told her he had buried a child belonging to Madame '1 he circumstance pressed heavily on her mind for three months, but she mentioned it to no one until she took the advice of her aunt, who visited her from the country. Jack denied that he ever mentioned a child. The lady asserted that he did. Mr. RAWLINSON said he thought he had given rise to the story by such indiscretion. The young lady was anxious to disclose her cir cumstances, and bring her medical attendant and other respectable witnesses forward to prove that she had not for four years been pregnant, but Mr. RAWLINSON told her it was quite unnecessary, the imputation was groundless beyond all doubt, and he regretted that in any quarter it had been believed. MARLBORO U GH.STREET. SINGULAR CASE OF ROBBERY.---01 1 Saturday a young man of the name of Thompron, of respect able appearance, was brought up for re-examination before F. A. ROE, Esq., charged on suspicion of stealing, in company with a female of the name of Baker, a large quantity of furniture, t o t h e amount of 701., from No. 17, Carmarthen•street, the resi dence of Mr. Provis. On the 30th of July information was given at Bow-street stating that about three weeks before furniture to the above amount was taken by these two persons from Mr. Provis's house, Which he bad left in the charge of Mrs. Baker, but although an active search had been instituted, no trace of either of the persons could be discovered. Things re mained in this state until last Tuesday, when the prisoner Thompson was seen, and given into custody. On the charge bei•ng entered into, Frances .Smith, a young woman who lived servant to Mrs. Baker, deposed that the prisoner, who lodged in the house, No. 17, Carmarthen -street, and Mrs. Baker removed all the furniture during the night, and after it was so taken she had not seen her mistress since. Mr. Lamb, a surgeon, and a friend of Mr. Provis, deposed that the furniture so taken was that of Mr. Provis, who unfortunately was obliged to proceed to Lancaster, he being subpoenaed on a trial. Mr. Hart, the solicitor, who attended on the part of the prosecution, informed Mr. Roe that, in con sequence of Mr. Provis not being able to come to town, he would be obliged if the prisoner was re manded until Thursday, to enable them, if possible, to discover Mrs. Baker, who was niece to the pro secutor, and who, they had every reason to think, had been murdered by the other party. Mr. Lewis, the prisoner's solicitor—lt is a very hard case to this man to remand him from time to time without any charge being against him. Mr. Hart—We want to find the woman, if she is living. Until this occurrence she was never known to be absent a single day during sixteen years she had been with Mr. Provis. Mr. Lewis—She is safe enotigl:, for I have seen her today; but she is out of the way in conse quence of your having a writ against her, and now you come here and say she is made away with. Mr. Hart—That has nothing to do with this transaction. Mr. Lewis—All that I require is some specific charge against my client, that he may be able to answer it. Besides the house was not Mr. Provis's. I have the receipt for the rent which he paid for the apartments. Mr. Hart—That has nothing to do with the felony. Mr. ROE—Under the present law you must be aware that it is a felony to rob furnished lodgings, and the charge against this man is that of taking property to the amount of 701. away. Mr. Lewis—There is no proof that the goods belonged to Mr. Provis. Mr. Hart—We shall be prepared to show that on the next examination. Mr. Lewis—Who am I to understand is the per son who makes the charge ? Mr. RoE—You can see the commitment. (It was handed to Mr. Lewis.) Mr. Lewis—lt is the servant, who, had she been paid her wages, would not have come forward. Oo you think there is sufficient to have him remanded? Mr. ROE replied in the affirmative, and the prisoner was remanded until Thursday. WORSHIP-STREET. HORSE STEALlNG.—Saturday a young man named Francis Bennett, was charged with being concerned with a man named John Kent in stealing a blown gelding, the property of Lewis Alexander. The prisoner was remanded. HATTON.GARDEN. ELOPEMENT.—A young man of respectable ap pearance, who gave his name Hamilton Nash, and a girl of interesting appearance, about seventeen years of age, were brought on Saturday before Mr. LAING under the following circumstances : Chiswick, watchman of Islington, deposed that on that morning, about half-past four o'clock, he saw the prisoners loitering about the neighbourhood with two heavy bundles m their possession. On ques tioning them as to their becoming possessed of the bundles, the male prisoner refused to give any satis factory answers, merely saying they were his own property, and he was in want of a lodging with his wife, the female prisoner. Witness, however, took them to the watch-house, and the young gentleman then stated that he was the son of Mr. Nash, the solicitor, of Camden -town, and the female was his father's servant, for whom he had an attachment ; but his father having objected to the match, they had packed up their clothes and left the house un known to any of the family. Mr. LAING ordered the young man to be taken outside the office while he questioned the female. Mr. LAING—Are you married ? Girl (modestly) —No, Sir. Mr. LAING—Who is that lad ? Girl—Master's son, Sir. Mr. LAlNG—Where does he live? Girl—Ar lington-street, Camden-town, Sir. Mr. - LAING—Whose property is that in the bun dles ? Girl—Mine and young master's, Sir. Mr. LAING—N'I' . here were you going with him ? Girl— Only going away, Sir. Mr. LAING—Who and what is your master ? Girl--He is a retired gentleman, The male prisoner was then had in, and said, in answer to Mr. LAING, that he was no business; his father was living on his property ; the articles found upon them belonged partly to him and his fair com panion, for whom he 'Was searching for lodgings. The Magistrate, after a suitable admonition, ad vised the son to return home, and pay attention to his father's instructions, or he would in future re gret it. They then left the office in a carriage, accom panied by the father, who thanked the Magistrate for his trouble and attention. UNION-HALL On Saturday a lady came to ask the assistance of the Magistrates in recovering a little dog which was detained unjustly by a person living in the Borough. The applicant had long passed the climacteric of life. Her attire was what is usually termed " shabby genteel," and it was evident from her deportment and I.inguage that she was a woman of education, and had moved in a respectable sphere of life. " On Wednesday last," said the lady, " I went to the house of a gentleman to inquire after some property to which I am entitled in the West Indies, accompanied by my little dog Sparkle, my only comfort. When I was on my return, by some ac cident I lost him. A cruel prosecution robbed. my late husband of his property, who died of a broken heart, and my only children, two sons, fell victims to the baneful climate of Sierra Leone. The ftiends whom I had in my youth and prosperity have for saken me, my relatives have chosen to forget me, and in my old age I am destitute of every requisite that can make life desirable and happy. The only object that evinced affection for me was my dear little dog. When sitting alone, thinking of days gone by, my little Sparkle would come and look me wistfully in the face, as if he read my feelings, and his anxious countenance distinctly evinced the dis tress he was in to see his poor mistress in trouble. --(Here the old lady burst into tears, and the Ma gistrate kindly desired to know how he could assist her, when she continued.)—O n Friday I went out to look fur my )ittle Sparkle, when a man came up and asked me if I had lost a dog? I told him I had. He said he had it, and would restore it on re ceiving a guinea. I told him I had not so much at present, but he might rely upon having it when I got a trifling annuity to which I am entitled. At this he walked away, and I saw him go into a house near Southwark-bridge. I have, therefore, gentle men (concluded the old lady), to ask your assistance ; for if I lose my little dog I lose every thing that cares for me in the wide world." The Magistrate then ordereda constable to attend the lady to the house into which the man had gone. by whose interposition, his Worship doubted not, the dog would be recovered. The applicant gratefully thanked his Worship and withdrew. The Trench Charge d'Affaires and Viscount STRANGFORD transacted business on Saturday afternoon at the office of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affair% CULTURE OF SUGAR BY FREE LABOUR. (From the Anti- Slavery Monthly Repo-ter for Sept.) We are anxious, before we close this number, to-advert to another topic, on which the Colonial pamphleteers.and journalists have laboured hard during the last month, to work on the public mind. We allude to the culture of sugar by free labour. A writer of the name of Saints bury, has stept forward among the rest, and re peated the exploded fallacies of the late Mr. Marryat, as well as those of Mr. Macqueen, on the subject of the sugar imported hither from the East Indies, which they hardily affirm to be the produce of slave labour, and not the produce of free labour. Our readers of the present day are, perhaps, not aware that this controversy was conclusively settled in 1823. The late Mr. Marryat then employed his able pen in endea vouring to establish this point ; and the present race of writers have, in fact, done little more than, with far less of talent and acuteness, to produce again his refuted arguments, and to fortify them with his disproved statements. The refutation and disproof may both be found in a pamphlet published by Hatchard, entitled, " A Letter to W. W. Whitmore, Esq , M.P." This pamphlet was deemed decisive at the time. The facts of the case are precisely the same now as they were then, and the letter to Mr. Whit more is just as complete a reply to Mr. Saints bury's positions as it was to those of Mr. Mar ryat. A sheet, extracted from this pamphlet, has been published by the Anti-Slavery Society, and to that we must refer our readers. It will there be• seen, that not only is there no instance in which the husbandry of the Bengal provinces, from which alone we derive our sugar, is con ducted by slaves; but we have it pointed out to . us clearly, and in every instance, by whom the labour is perfbrined, namely, by the family of the Ryot or farmer, and by labourers hired by him as they are wanted, and whose rate of wages are distinctly given in the official docu ments on the subject. The whole effect on the public mind produced by Mr. Saintsbury and others, proceeds from their wilful and deliberate misrepresentation of the documents to which they refer. They quote, as applicable to Bengal, passages which have a reference only to the Malabar coast. The existence of slavery, for instance, in some re cently ceded districts on the Malabar side of India, is made to prove that sugar is culti vated by slaves in Bengal. The voluminous collections of documents, printed by the East India Company in 1823, furnishes the most decisive and irrefragable proofs—(every page is full of them) —that the whole of the agricul ture of the Bengal provinces is conducted by free labour. On this fact there can be no con troversy with an honest reader of these docu ments. But, in order to overthrow this mass of testimony, what do such writers as Mr. Saints bury do ? They resort to statements which refer to quite another pat t of the world, and ap ply them to Bengal ; and they hope to evade detection, because Malabar and Bengal are both in Asia or in India. They might with equal conclusiveness prove that corn is grown in . Great Britain by slave labour, because there happen to be slaves in Russia. The only sugar, however, which we receive from India comes from Ben gal. Malabar imports sitar from abroad for its own consumption. The proof of all this may be seen in the pamphlet to which we have re ferred, and which points in every case to the page of the authentic work which it cites. There is also another pamphlet, published in .1824, which is equally conclusive on this point • as the letter to Mr. Whitmore. It is entitled, "'East India Sugar, or an Inquiry respecting the means of improving the quality and reducing the cost of sugar raised by free labour in the East Indies." But if there were no such pamphlets in ex istence, the statements of Sir Edward Hyde East and Mr. Hume in the House of Com mons on the Ist of March, 1826, would of themselves be sufficient to refute every syllable published by Mr. Saintsbury, or a thousand such writers. Sir E. H. East is a large Jamaica proprietor, who had filled for years the situation of Chief Justice of Bengal. Be denied, in the most explicit terms, that slavery was recognised by law as a condition of society in Bengal ; and Mr. Hume added, that he had been much in Bengal, and from what he knew of society there, he would undertake confidently to say, that there were no agricultural slaves there. (See Vol. I. No. 10, p. 105.) Let a single extract more on this subject suf fice for the present. It is taken from the letter to Mr. Whitmore already referred to. The letter writer quotes the testimony of the Bengal Board of Trade, on the 7th of August, 1792, to the following effect, as contained in the first Appendix to the East India Company's great volume, printed in 1823, lip. 51 to 60. "In this country (Bengal) the cultivator is either the immediate proprietor of the ground, or he hires it, as in Europe, of the proprietor, and uses his discretion in cultivating what he thinks best adapted to the nature of the soil or the demand of the market. One field produces sugar, the next wheat, rice, or cotton. The husbandman is nourished and clothed from his own ground ; or if he thinks it more his interest to sell the whole of his own produce, supplies himself and family with the necessaries of life from his neighbours on the next public market." Con trasting their state with that of slaves in the West Indies, it is added, " The Bengal pea santry are freemen."--" The Bengal peasant is actuated by the ordinary ,wants and desires of mankind. His family assist his labour and Soothe his toil, and the sharp eye of personal interest guides his judgment." This statement is followed by a great variety of Reports from the presidents and collectors in the different pro vincas of Bengal, and extending through more than 200 closely printed-folio pages. The ex istence of slavery as a condition of society in Bengal, is not once alluded to in any one of these Reports, although they give us a variety of minute and detailed calculations of the cost of raising sugar. In short, there is no more allu sion to slave labour, as forming a constituent part of the charge of cultivating sugar, than there n trouble would be to slave labour in an estimate of the cost of growing corn in the county of Y or k. Slaves are never mentioned ; and the only sub labour of the farmer's househo ld. theed at, is the' of stitute for hired labour ourselvesever hinted con U ft u n t in N g ve the may a yelaboratespare mis-statements of our ad versaries on this question. The controversy is fast tending to its termination. The march of events will scarcely leave room much longer, either for misrepresentation or misapprehension. The facilities already given in Bengal by Lord W. Bentinck, to the investment of British capital and the developement of British skill in the cul tivation of the soil ; the almost certainty that those fiscal regulations which have hitherto depressed the growth of sugar in Bengal, and prevented the large increase of its imports into this country' will soon be repealed ; the prospect of an early removal of the other restrictions which still fetter the commerce of our Eastern possessions; the rapidly increasing population and prosperity of finyti ; the official statements of Mr. Ward, 0 to the profitable culture of sugar by free labour in Mexico ; and the rapid extension of the me' nufacture of beet root sugar in France ; a prelude, as we conceive, to its introduction into this country, and especially into Ireland ; all these circumstances combined, afford a promise which can scarcely fail of seeing a death-blow inflicted on the culture of sugar by slave labour, which a ll the misrepresentations of all the slave-holders iin the world, with all their clamorous partizans in this country, cannot avert, or even long retard• We mean, however, shortly to recur to the subject. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS. DURING LAST WEEK. Deans. S. to 8- 36 50 r , g 34 40 42 , e.d. 9. 41 1. 4 6 11 : 60 a n 5 0 b 6 74 7v 00 0 0 ' A 73 7 v 00 13 0 11 0 IS 0 11 o 12 0 09 00 rer Quarter. Cat lisle- s. to s. , S. to S. 74 42 Carmarthen-- 60 36 • 11exham-----. 64 70 27 33 Morpeth 60 70 36 38 Penrith .l 72 • 33 Sheffield 73 Winchester —[ 62 76 ;32 ns Per Bushel. s.d. g. d. t. d. Coventry —[ 9 8 10 4 4 S 5 4 Newcastle (Staff.) [l2 0 12 3 0 0 0 0 Ndrthallerton —I 8 0 10 0 4 0 4 3 Stafford 'll 0 11 6 0 0 0 0 Swansea .. .. 190 96 56 60 Warwick [9 0 10 0 40 00 Per 8011. Barnardcastle '2O 0 24 0 , 0 0 ; 11 0 Durham.,,M.;l9o 0; 9 0 'lO 6 Richmond ;l7 0 22 0: 9 0 10 6 Stockton [l6 6 18 6 8 0 9 0 Wheat. Barley. Oats. B. to B. 29 18 25 26 32 29 19 23 I. d. e. d. 30 49 43 45 23 46 44 43 33 36 33 40 88 100 56 93 70 86 6 0 7 6 WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET.—Sept. 4. There is a short arrival of Wheat up the river here to day, but a large supply from the farmers, chiefly of the new crop, the greater part of which is of good bold qua lity, but chiefly in very moderate condition, and has ob tained all prices from 60e. to 725. per 60th. as in qua lity ; but some quantity remained unsold at the close of the market: for Old Wheat the trade has been excessiveli dull, at a decline of 2s. to ss. per quarter, and at this reduction the business has been trifling. Oets are veil dull, and p. to Id. per stone lower. Gdod hard Beans are in ftir demand, at the rates of last Friday. The wee' ther during the past week has been very fine for harvest operations, With tlte exception of Alonday, on which der we had slight rain for two or three hours; to-day been dull, with an appearance of rain, but it has bee', fair during the market. About three-fourths of the Wheel are carried in this quarter, a considerable quantity a which is in a damp state. About one.third of the flat' ley is cut, but scarcely any is yet housed. Wheat, Red, Norfolk and Suffolk 555. 60s. to 665. Lincolnshire 595. to 625. fine Yorkshire, &c. s9s. 625. to 655. White 58s. Ms. to 70s. Foreign, Old ........... 58s. to 675. Barley, Norfolk and Suilblk - Lincolnshire 26a. to 30s. - Yorkshire Wold 29s. to 335. Foreign 11s. to 365. Beans, Old fine 693. 655. 6 . )3. fine 69 6 . fine 71s. fine 723. fine Us. fine X 3 3. fine 343. fine 31s. fine 393 New 375. to 395. fine 401. Oats, t'otato 24s. to 28s. fine toe• - Poland 20s. 225. to 28s. fine 3C$. - Friezland and Small 2os. 225. to 255. fine 265. - Mealing l2i4d. to 144 d. per Stone. Shelling .325. to 345. 6d. per Load. Malt 33s. 41s. fine 435. per Load. Rapeseed 'CH MARKETS, SCO A bertieen Beni' iek Coldstream Cup:lr ---- Dundee -- Elgin I nverness—. Kelso K Perth a.". The size Wheat. 60 7:5 48 50 50 54 66 70 6l 74 70 76 66 '72 56 57 62 77 68 80 of the mi Barley I Oats. j Beans. ratrneA 28 34 26 28 26 27 20 36 21 25 21 24 26 28 27 '2B 33 38 24 27 MtilllV 111 26 27 18 510 17 20 24 27 20 44 21 23 22 `i3 20 22 211 32 19 23 ies throut 36 28 30 36 S 3 23 27 **" 27 32 ••"' So 32 -- 19 21 -- 19 20 4O 27 28 30 34 26 32 _. .., shout the iuntrf• HADDINGTON CORN A ItKET.—Sept. 4. The supply of Barley was more than equal to the dr wand-106 quarters sold, 21 unsold ; one lot of foreig ° brought 40s. ; no other Old Barley in the market to-d 44, average down 2s. 7d. Oats have given way upon 1 10 , average price 2s. 3d. ; 168 quarters .sold, 43 unsol d' . Wheat sold readily at nearly the same prices a* last mar' ker. Beans are up in price. No Peace in market: Wheat. Barley. Oats. Pease. Beano. First Bos Od 39s Od 30. 011 Od 40c OA Second 76s Od 37s Od Ds 0.1 —a Od 37s r, Third There were no (ire. of Wheat n market, 6S whereof were so A verai DA LKEI The supply of a was not large. W Wheat. First B6s Orl Second Third 52s Od 5 Umsold, .-11 Grey. 31. Ms. & 8-12ths. r's Market 'l'll. CORN MARKET.—Sept dl kinds of Grain at this da (heat sold at the same prices. Barley. Oats. rats°. Bea n :4 453 s Od ais 04 42s Od 424 343 04 3)s It! 40s 04 4 0 s n t'' 1 Sts 04 2tis Od 384 04 3 31 s".- CO RNWAt I, DIA RKETS. 54 TRURo.—Wheat (average) 246. hi—Barley 146.—Oats, IN• lilt LATON—Wheat, 21s. &I—Barley, 14s. ad. bT. AusTat.L—Wheat, 255. to 286 Barley, 13s. to Its. . 105.0 d. to I Is. IP' BOIWIN—Wheat (average) 275. Od.—Barley, 15s. 6d.—Oats. t s, LAIINCUSTAN-Wheat (aver3e) 30s. W.—Barley, 195.0t1.—..0s I OA. Od.—Beel; &I.—Mutton, 41. .... .. ...4 , LisKesnu—Wheat, ....S. t l 3 S. 6 1 11,-.43711ieT, 15S. 0d....1.1a1A 1 11 to OS. M. ST. Coursta—Wheat, —I. to :30s.—Earley, —s. to 153.-4 3 C e6 and Mutton, 6d. to 60.—Veal and Lamb, Od to 6d. rENZANCE—.Wheat, 295. to ',Vs.—Barley, —s. to .. Lig ...-- 00 , OA. to 11s. o,l.—Beef and Mutton, sd. to 6d.—Pork, sd. to vi" Butter, Sid. Per lb. MINING INTELLIGENCE. Tone. "p Quantity of Copper Ore sold at Itedruth last Thursday 3,71 7 , 0 Average Produce .OO g Quantity of fine Copper 930,.. pj., Amount of Sale. 1 2 ,511/. 12s. pd . —Average;Standard,losl. v'' The annual mortality of London, is lin ; .4f Paris, 1 in 32 ; of Nice, 1 in 31; of Naples, 1 10 2 i p of Leghorn, 1 in 35 ; of Berlin, 1 in 34 ; of Madrid, 29; of Rome, 1 in 25 ; of Amsterdam, 1 in 24; Vienna, 1 in 22. THE LANCASHIRE WEAVERS.--At .- Lancaster Assizes on Thursday, ROBERT DIXON, J ossl. BOOTH, ZACHARIAII HOWARTH, THOMA S C L EGG, 't ill° SMINI, JOHN JONES, EDMUND TURNER, ROBERT C l ' l " . :' JOHN CROSSLEY, WILLIAM WHITWORTH, En ) : HOWARTH, EDMUND ASHWORTH, and ROBERT How'l• l4 % t t were indicted for having, with divers other persolh . : Castleton, unlawfully and maliciously e ntered the 1° ° "" h ; shop of WILLIAM ROBINSON, and with havingdestroye a ;g looms and woollen goods in them which were in ph of manufacture. THOMAS KERSHAW was charged 11 , e d having unlawfully aided them. The prisoners dell°, making any defence. Mr. Justice 134trurr, in surn al l up the evidence, explained the law as it stood be t ' master and servant. The Jury would consider whetlil.,, the prisoners, or any of them, were guilty of rioteoly‘ assembling together for the purpose of destroying in 3c . be nery ; or whether they assembled to damage or destroy' machinery so as to render it useless; if so, they w et ; guilty of the minor offence—a simple felony. The Ju ry retired for half an hour, and returned a verdict of Gii iit „ l / (of the minor offence) against all the prisoners, el Ger JOHN CROSSLEY. -01 BIRTHS. On the 4th inst. at Cheam, the lady of R. Ver li°‘ Smith, Esq. M. P. of a daughter. On the 4th inst. et Lavender-hill, Mrs. Charles Burl of a son. e nu tli On board the Resource, on the passage to New , Wal e s, on the 2d of April, Mrs. John Lamb, of Syclool of a daughter. MARRIED. 12,1 J On the sth inst. at All Souls, Marylebone, John — as chards, Eq. of Oxford -street, to Mrs. Parker, of ar c Newport-street. the On the sth inst. at St. George's, Hanover-squar e, Rev. C. Sloman, of Twickenham, to Harriet &meet... On the sth inst. at Paddington, Robert Wilkes, [I: youngest son of R. Wilkes, Esq. of the Downs, near Ps i. a ford, Kent, to Charlotte, daughter of T. Smith, E' Upper Seymour-street, Connaught-square. H. On the 3d inst. at Crosthwaite Church, Keswic"„), Ilehon Coleridge, Esq., of the Middle Temple, to Sar a only daughter of S. T. Coleridge, Esq. DIED. io wood , , OR the 4th iast. at Pengewood Cottage, oor- • Sarah, the wife of Alfred Bower Clayton, En. architect, aged 22 years. On the sth inst. at Kennington, Benjamin Kett, scl's aged 77. • • Di On the 3d inst. John Prichard, Esq. the only Wryly' - - • Grego' son of the late C. Prichard, Esq. of 600in's-hill , wich, in his 59th year: On the 4th inst. Mr. G. Gwilt, adest son of G. Gwi E•q. of Southicark Esq . PAINTED mad PußLzsffin by mußpo 'You Orrum, 112, V.TAAND, LlPHinnto 'O, of