The Sun. — London, England, 1858-10-12 00:00:00

. - ~~ e . s - --- :7-7 - ,-. -- 7- , - , '4 - . . , , - . . . .. ~ e- 4 IA . SPAPER .. • . , • •- ... t 4 / 0 1N 1 •ele 47,111111-‘ • C i ti• 8b - in( • N A , k\ ‘ l, , 1 / 4 A 4 " G 8 11.L . 1 14 - 1 • . _ . „.. • I 4 A ; , ~ , • .• ------ , , - 0 ir \ 4 c i s , , a z . . ,?? •,.., „ • ~ , , " • - 7 41 of! ' •'* l - - O RoiT. • cit 4• • "VO , .1" . . 4 , • •,‘ „.• •. • . ... • r4c.,7...." aLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, N..)1 USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, AND PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED. Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers, &c., - _ - GEORGE HOBSON begs to call the attention of Gentlemen to his New Autumnal Trousers, 21s. to 255. Also his New Partridge Mixture Shooting Coats. Excellence with Economy. GEORGE HOBSON, 57, Lombard-street. Established 1796. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 12, 1858. N O . 20,688. WHO WILL PAY THE CHINESE INDEMNITY . ? Why, the English themselves. An export duty is to be levied, and then not even the East India Tea Company will be able, as they now are, to sell 61b. of Mack, Green, or Mixed Tea, at is. 10d. per lb., and Coffee, in the Berry, at 13d.—Warehouse, 9, Great St. Helen's-church yard, City. PRICE 4D• STAMPED, 5D SALE OF OLD STORES AT DEVONPORT. Admiralty, Somerset-place; 9th October, ISSS. THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING the OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of the UNITED KINGDOM. of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, DO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, that on TUESDAY, the 26th instant, at 10 o'clock in the Forenoon, the Admiral Superin tendent will put up to sale in her Majesty's Dockyard at Devonport, several lots of OLD STORES, consisting of Old Rope Shakings, Spun Yarn, Unlayed Yarn, Hammocks, and Canvass in small pieces, Oakum; Hemp Rakings and Tyers, Coal Sacks, &c., &c., &c.,. all lying in the said yard. Persons wishing to view the lots must apply to the Super intendent for Notes of Admission for that purpose. Catalogues and Conditions of sale may be had here and at the Yard. PUBLICATIONS. THE NAVY. men were exposed to the heavy rain which fell at the time, and were so completely drenched that they were ordered into garrison early next morning in a miserable condition. This disaster has deter mined the authorities to select another spot for musketry practice, and Dale has been spoken of. As the troops will at the same time occupy the for tifications, the expense for rent and the erection of suitable accommodation elsewhere will be saved. By the death of Major-General Lord Charles Wellesley, announced yesterday. the following pro motions will take [place, dated Oct. 10 :—Colonel B. F. Dalton Wilson, to be major-general ; Lieut.- Colonel Rawdon Vassal!, to be . colonel ; Major Thomas Lillie, Ceylon Rifles, to be lieutenant colonel. Now ready, in 1 vol., 10s. 6d., bound, THIRD EDITION -01 JOHN HALIFAX, - GENTLEMAN. Also, by the same Author, in 1 vol., 10s. 6d., A WOMAN'S THOUGHTS ABOUT WOMEN. " A book of sound counsel."—Examiner. The steam transport Meteor, laden with ammu nition and general. war stores, sailed yesterday from Woolwich for Colombo. The Industry, 2, iron screw steam storeship, Master George J. Hodges, commander, arrived at Portsmouth on Sunday evening, from Plymouth and Ireland. The Lucifer, 4, paddlewheel steamvessel, Master Johnston, acting, arrived at Portsmouth yesterday morning from Plymouth. Her Majesty's steam-transport the Himalaya. Commander Seacombe, having had her bottom thoroughly overhauled at Plymouth Dockyard, was yesterday declared ready _for service. She will embark a regiment of cavalry for Bombay—proba bly- the 15th Hussars. The Prussian frigate Gefion, 48, Capt. Donner, sailed from Spithead yesterday afternoon for Ply mouth. • The Argus, 0, paddlewheel steam sloop, Com mander F. W. Ingram, came into Portsmouth harbour yesterday afternoon, and was taken into dock. C 4 OCKS'S CELEBRATED READING SAUCE, -) which is so highly esteemed with Fish, Game, Steaks, Soups, Grills, G rav i es , H ot and Cold Meats, and unrivalled for general u se , i s so ld b y the most respectable dealers in Fish Sauces.—J. and C. COCKS, Reading, Sole Manufacturers. Hurst and Blacken, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street. This Day, Three Volumes, Svo, 365. BOARD AND RESIDENCE. A Superior Home is offered to a Gentleman of steady habits, en gaged during the day, by a family residing, near Regent's- Park. For a young man coming to London for the first time this would be found a desirable residence. Terms moderate. References to be exchanged. Address, .T. P., Wright's Dairy, Granby-street, Hanipstead-road, N.W. AHISTORY OF THE LITERATURE .OF GREECE, from the Manuscripts of the late Professor KO. DULLER: The first half of the Translation by the Right Hon. Sir G. CORNWALL LEWIS, Bart., M.P. The remainder of the Translation, and the Completion of the Work accordion to the Author's plan, by JOHN .WILLIAM DONALDSON; D.D., Classical Examiner in the University of London,' late. Fellow of Trinity College, Cambrid ge. _ _ _ . PATENT DERRICK- COMPANY (Limited). Offices-27, CORNHILL, LONDON. Capital, .£lOO,OOO, In Two Thousand Shares of £3O each. DIRECTORS. W. E. Durant Cumming, Esq., Lloyd's. • Thomas Maxon, Esq., 29 Throgmorton-street. Joseph R. Croskey, Esq., 84, King William-street, City. Captain M. J. Currie, R.N., Vernon-terrace, Brighton. William Barter, Esq.., 12, Langbourne-chambers, Fenchurch street. Lewis Hope, Esq., 4, Bishopsp.:ate-churchyard. Captain James Rawstorne, R.N., Abingdon-villas, Kensing ton. Albert D. Bishop, Esq., 9, South-crescent, Bedford-square. Solicitor—Charles Walton, Esq., 30, Bucklersbury. OF DEPOSIT, Established A.D. 1844. , PALL MALL EAST, LON. Parties desirous of Investing Money are N DO requested to exa mine the Plan of The Bank of Deposit, by which a hig,h rate of interest may be obtained with ample security. Deposits made by Special Agreement, may be withdrawn with Out notioe The Interest is payable in January and July. PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. Forms for Opening Accounts'sent free on application. BANK - The'new portion of the Work is sold separately. This work, originally undertaken at the request of the Society for the Diffusion of Useul Knowledge, was written with a view to its appearance in an English form only, and left incomplete by the death of its author in 1840. The Society had arranged that Dr. Donaldson, who had translated the latter half of the work, should complete it according to the Plan proposed by Professor Muller ; and the present pub lishers have resumed the undertaking in the hope of placing within the reach of classical students a complete but con venient Manual of Greek Literary History. The book com prises Chronological Tables, Indices, some Supplementary Notes, and a Memoir and Portrait of the Author. London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. THE COMET. Bankers—London and Westminster Bank, Lothbury, London. This Company's Derricks are eminently adapted, by their great power, to accomplishing expeditiously and economically every description of hoist, whether on land or water, required in Government Arsenals and Navy Yards ; or by Dock Com panies, Shipbuilders, Engineers, Contractors, and others ; also, to raising sunken and recovering stranded vessels and their cargoes. A large proportion of the vessels wrecked on our coasts may be recovered by the aid of the Patent Floating Derricks, at a guaranteed rate of salvage, ranging between 25 and 75 per cent. The Company have entered into an agreement with the Marine Insurance Companies, and Underwriters of London and Liverpool, which secures to the former 75 per cent. of the net salvage proceeds (after deducting working expenses) from all vessels and cargoes, sunk prior to the date of the agree ment, which may be raised and recovered by means of their Patent Floating; Derricks. In the United States two of these Derricks, belonging to the New York Derrick• Company, have raised. and saved upwards of 400 sunken and stranded vessels, and- have likewise hoisted and plated on board the engines and boilers-•of more than 300 steamers. This Company com menced by paying its shareholders half-yearly dividends of 10 per cent. ; but, since .July, 1857, has regularly paid quarterly dividends of the like amount. The Falcon, .17, screw sloop, went out of Ports mouth harbour yesterday for trial of her engines. The -Avon, 4, steam-vessel, Master - Palmer acting, arrived at Portsmouth yesterday with supernume raries from Plymouth, and sailed for the eastward. PEMBROKE ROYAL DOCKYARD.—Capt. Superin tendent Ramsay, R.N., C. 8., is absent on leave. The Master Shipwright, Mr. 0. Lang, has been promoted to Chatham yard. The late gales raged violently here, but from the sheltered position of the arsenal net the slightest casualty occurred. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, the General Commanding-in-Chief, is expected here on an official visit during the ensuing week for the purpose of inspectinc , the troops and ascertaining the capabilities of the garrison. - NAVY CONTRACTS FOR BEEF AND PORK.—Much disappointment has been felt in Ireland at the result of the tenders for the navy contracts for beef and pork. It appears that the tenders were so low that most of the Irish ones were cut, out, and foreign ones accepted through English agents. Some Irish houses have obtained pork contracts, but all the -beef contracts have been allotted to foreign houses. The following figures in relation to the results have been published :—Of beef 14,000 tierces and barrels have been allotted to four London houses, to be made up in New York and Philadelphia, and 3,660 in Hamburg, at prices . a r a b n o s i ; t i n x g o from i os. 0 6 f 4pso.rkt,o £6 165., and averagin g 19,000 ti erces an d b arre l s have been taken for Irish contractors, and about 2,000 more to be made up in Hamburg, at prices rangin g from £6 198. to- £7 125., and a v e rag i ng about -£7 3s. The average price of beef is about £1 17s. 6d. under last year, and of pork about £2 6s. • The pork contracts were principally secured by Cork, Belfast, and Limerick. C. Wood and Sons, of Dublin, have obtained some, and Mr. Aylward, of Tullamore, has also obtained a contract, NICOLLS' NEW REGISTERED PALETOT has all those advantageS which secured such general popularity to Messrs. Nicolls' original paletot, that is to say, it avoids giving to the wearer an outré appearance, so that professional men and all others can use it during morning and afternoon in or out of doors. Secondly, there is an absence of unnecessary seams, well known to secure a more graceful out line, as well as to effect a great saving in wear ; the latter advantage is considerably enhanced by the application of a peculiar and neatly stitched binding, the mode of effecting which is patented. Great exertions a re b e i ng ma d e to supply Messrs. Nicolls' agents throughout the country and the colonies with an assortment of this new garment, simulta neously with the display in London, but it is necessary to in form the public that all Messrs. Nicolls' manufactures may be distinguished by a trade mark; consisting of a silk label attached to each specimen ; to copy this is fraud, and may be thus detected. If the garment is dark-coloured, the label has a black ground, with,the firm's name and address woven by the Jacquard loom in gold-coloured silk; if the garment is• light-eolottred, the label has a pale drab ground, and red silk letters. Each paletot is marked in plain figures, at a fixed moderate price, and is of the best materials. In London, the NEW REGrSTERED PALETOT can alone be had of H. J. and D. NICOLL, 114, 118, 118, 120, Regent-street, and 22, Cornhill. FEIST'S RACING RECORD for 1858. Part IX., price 3d., will be published on the Ist of November. The Record, containing a complete calendar of Sport in England, Ireland, and Scotland, in 1857, and nomi4 nations for 1858, may be had, price two shillings. W. Wright, Fulwood's Rents, Holborn - MO MORE PILLS nor any oth er MEDICINE .11 for Indigestion (dyspepsia), habitual Constipation, Flatu.; lency, Acidity, Palpitation of the Heart, Torpidity of the. Liver, Bilious Headache, Nervousness, Biliousness, General Dibility, Diarrhoea, Cough, Asthma, Consumption, Despondency, Spleen, Arc. Send 2. penny stamps, and you will receive post free, 64 parres; the people's edition of "PERFECT HEALTH RESTORED," without pills, purgatives, or medicines of any kind, and with out expense, by a simple, pleasant, and infallible means whiclf saves fifty times its cost in other_ remedies, adapted to.the• general reader. The Directors and their friends have taken arid paid up in full, shares to the extent of £lO,OOO of the Company's stock, to enable them to construct, and submit to the Public, one river and one sea-going Derrick, both now launched, prior to soliciting co-operation towards fully carrying out the highly important and promising enterprise for which the Patent Derrick Company has been established. The Directors are now prepared to issue to the Public further Shares of £5O each in the Capital Stock of the Com pany to the extent of £20,000. These shares are required to be paid as follows :-- Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professor of Chemistry, Dr. Andrew Ure, Dr. Shorland, Dr. Harvey, Dr. Campbell, Dr. Gattiker, Dr. Wurtzer, Dr. Ingram, and many thousand other respectable persons, whose health has been re stored by it after all other means of cure had failed. London : Barry du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, and through all Booksellers in Town and Country. 3s the id- A NEW DEPARTMENT FOR 'YOUTH, &c. TT J. and D. NICOLL recommen d f or an out -a- -a- • side Coat the Havelock ; and for ordinary use the Cape Suit, such being well adapted f or young gen tl em en, as exhibiting considerable economy with general excellence. Gentlemen at Eton, Harrow, •Winchester, the Military an d Naval Schools, waited on by appointment. A great variety °f materials adapted for the Kilted or Highland Costume, as Wora by the Royal Princes, may be seen at WARWICK HOUSE, 14.'2 and 144, Regent-street. JULLIEN'S CONCERTS.-ROYAL -1-71. • LYCEUM THEATRE. M. JULLIEN'S Twentieth and LAST ANNUAL SERIES OF CONCERTS will commence on the Ist of NOVEMBER, continue for One Month, and will be given as M. JULLIEN'S FAREWELL and " CONCERTS D'ADIEU," £lO per Share on Application, and the remainder by Calls. of £lO each, at intervals of one Month between each Call. Forms of Application for Shares, and Prospectuses, may be obtained by applying to the Secretary, G. J. SHARP, Esq., at the Offices of the Patent Derrick Company, 27, Cornhill, London, E.C. Before his departure for his "UNIVERSAL MUSICAL TOUR " through every city and capital of Europe, America, Australia, the Colonies, and civilised towns of Asia and Africa; accompanied by the elite of his orchestra and other artistes "savants, hommes de lettres," being the nucleus of a society, already formed under the title of " SOCIETE DE L'HARMONIE UNIVERSELLE,". instituted not only to popularise the divine and civilising art of 11usic, but to pro mote, through Harmony's powerful eloquence, a, noble and philanthropic cause. The full Prospectus will shortly be published. All communications to be addressed to Mons. Jullien, 214, Regent-street, W. FOR LADIES. NICOLLS'. PATENT HIGHLAND CLOAK is a combination of utility, elegance, and comfort. No Lady haring seen or used such in travelling, for morning Wear, or for covering full dress would willingly be without one. It somewhat resembles the old Spanish ioquelaire, and has an elastic Capucine Hood. It is not cumbersome or heavy, and measures from 12 to 16 yards round the outer edge, falling. I n graceful fold s f rom th e s h ou ld ers ; .b u t by a mec h an i ca l contrivance (such being a part of the Patent) the wearer can instantly form semi -sleeves, and thus leave the arms at liberty ; at the same time,the Cloak can be made as q u i c kl y resume its original shape. The materials chiefly used are the soft neutral coloured shower-proof Woollen Cloths manu factur or ed by this fi rm . The price will be two guineas and a half f each Cloak ; but with the M6canique and a ned Rood a few shillings More is charged. This department is attended to by Cutters, who prepare )llantles of all kinds, With Velvet, Fur, or Cloth Jackets, either for in or out doo r Use. These at all times—like this Firm's Ridi ng H a bit— are In good taste and fit we ll. F ema l e a tt en d ants may also b e seen for Pantalons des Dames it Cheval, partially composed of Chamois. As no measur e is requ i re d th e P a t en t Hi g hl an d Clus oak can be sent at o nce t o any part of the Country, and is thwell adapted for a gift. H. J. and D. NICOLL, Warwick House, 142 and 144, Re gent-street, London. Lely ion up rip- ) of A LBERT LIFE ASSURANCE AND GUARANTEE 'COM PANY. (Established 1838.) Principal Office, 11, Waterloo-place, Pall Mall, London, S.W. City Branch, 63, Moorgate-street, E.C. DIRECTORS. William Beattie, Esq., M.D. George Goldsmith Kirby, Capt. the Hon. S. T. Carnegie, I Esq. R.N., C.B. James Nichols, Esq. Lieut.-Col., James Croudace, Rear-Adm. the Right Hon. H.E.I.C.S. Lord George Paulet, C.B. Swynfen Jervis, Esq. Capt. Thos. Porter, R.N. William King, Esq. George Raymond, Esq. Assurances, Annuities, and Endowments granted, and every other mode of provision for Families arranged. - Half the Annual Premiums for the first five years may re main on credit for any period until death, on Payment of In terest at five per cent. per annum. Parties allowed to go to, or reside in, most parts of the world, without extra Premium. PROFESSOR WILJALBA FRIKELL.- LAST WEEK BUT ONE. TO-NIGHT— NEW TRICKS. —POLYGRAPHIC HALL, King , William-street, Charing-cross.—TWO HOURS OF ILLUSIONS. Every evening at-8; Saturday afternoons at 3. Private boxes, one guinea ; box stalls, ss. ; orchestra stalls, 3s. ; area, 2s. ; am phitheatre, is.—Places may be secured at the Polygraphic hall, and at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond street. • - • • • THE TRIAL OF THE SEXAGON SHOT ON BOARD THE STORK.—Some three weeks since we noticed the shape and principle of this gun, and fully de scribed the length, weight, and form of the gun and shot, as exhibited at the Ordnance Works at Portsmouth. As stated yesterday, this gun was submitted to trial on board the Excellent, and commenced with a charge of slb of powder, in creasing to 171 b. It was intimated that it would be prudent for every caution to be observed, and so the gunner (Mr. Nash) dropped over the side of the Stork into a dingy with a long lanyard, and upon the order being given to fire, the pru dence of such precaution was fully apparent, for the gun burst into three pieces, the heaviest portion of which took a flight of some hundreds of yards into the air, and fell with terrific force almost im- Naial and Military Lives, not in active Service, assured at ie ordinary rate. _ • Policies forfeited by non-payment of Premium, revivable at any time within Six Months, on satisfactory proof of health, and the payment of a trifling fine. No charge for Policy Stamps. Reversionary Interests in every description of real or per sonal property purchased. Security to employers, Guarantee for Fidelity in situations of trust. ADELAIDE GALLERY CASINO, Lowther Arcade, S trand.—T he above ROOMS are OPEN EVERY EVENING. The celebrated band of the Argyll Rooms will play, by particular desire, selections from Il Trovatore, La Traviata, and Rigoletto. Conductor, Mons. A. LAMOTTE. Principal cornet-a-piston; M: Bdulcourt. Leader, Mr. Charles Hall. Doors open at halt-past 8, commence at 9. Admission, ls. • - • ng. The s of - HORSE GUARDS, October 1, 1858. TITE following AMENDED REGULATIONS are issued , in reference to the Memoranda of the 23d De- Comber, 1857 and the Ist June, 1858, for the guidance of Can didates for admission, by competivb examination, into the Royal Military College at Sandhurst":- 1. The age of admission to be from to 19 years. 2. Every candidate for admission must apply through his parent or guardian, to th e Commander-in-Chief to have his name entered on the list of candidates. 3. He must transmit with his application the following documents, viz.: (a) A certificate of birth, or other satisfactory proof of his age; (b) a certificate from a minister of the church or denomination to which he belongs, of his having been duly instructed in the principles of religion ; (c) a certificate from the master or tutor under whom he has been educated, of his general moral conduct for at least the two preceding years. 4. His name having been placed upon the list of candidates, it will be open to him to offer himself at any one of the half- Yearly examinations which may occur while he is within the prescribed limits of age. If he is unsuccessful at that exami nation, he will be allowed to present himself at any subse quent examination until he has exceeded the maximum age. His want of success, however, in these examinations will not preclude him from entering the Army on obtaining a direct commission in the usual manner. 5. lie will be examined by a medical officer, who will ascer tain whether he is free from all bodily and organic defects, and whether, as far as regards physical constitution, he is in every point of view fit f or military service. 6.lse period of study will not exceed two years. 7. Gentlemen cadets will be examined periodically, and Commissions in the Cavalry or the Line will be given, in the order of merit, to those who attain the highest places ; the number of such commissions having been previously announced to the College. The remainder of those who are successful will be equally eligible with those who have passed the usual examination for direct commissions, but they will have the priority of appointment over the latter, provided they have obtained certificates of good conduct and proficiency in their military exercises. 8. Any gentleman cadet desirous of entering the Royal Artillery or Royal Engineers will be permitted to offer him self as a candidate at any of the competitive examinations for admission into the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, held after he shall have attained the requisite age ; and his position at the Royal Military College will not be affected in the event of failure at such examination. 9. The payments by Cadets at the Royal Military College Will be on the following scale, viz. : Forms of Proposal, with every information, may be ob tained at the Office of the Company, or by letter, addressed to HENRY WILLIAM SMITH, Actuary and Secretary. D R.. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM TICIIBOURNE-STREET {Opposite the Hay. market). - - - and s of a of ~... . . . . Open daily (for Gentlemen only). LECTURES by . Dr. SEXTON at Four and Eight o'clock, on important and interesting 'topics In • connection with ANA TOMY, • PHYSIOLOGY; and PATHOLOGY (vide Pro grammes). INTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 142, Strand; London, W.C., Feb. 25, 1858. Established 1837,—Pavm en t o f P rem i um within Days of Grace.—lt always has been, and still is, the practice of this Society to pay claims under policies of assurance, notwith standing the death of the assured occurring within the 30 days of grace, and before payment of the annual premium, provided payment thereof be made, or notice of the death be given to the of f ice before the expiration of such days of grace. mediatcly alongside the Stork, which presents a wreck, inasmuch as her mainmast and foremast 335 31.2 52s 72s Admission ONE SHILLING, DR. KAHN'S NINE LECTURES ON THE PHILO SOPHY OF MARRIAGE, &c., sent post free, direct from the Author, on the receipt of twelve stamps. were carried away, her funnel struck by a portion of the exploded gun, which cut it nearly in two, and the topsides considerably damaged. eat, was was 3eas For the Court of Direitors, E. S. SYMES, Chairman, ROYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL. Director, Mr. R. DurrELL. OPEN FOR TWO NIGHTS MORE, TUESDAY, Oct. 11th, positively the Last Night but - One.—Vocal and Instrumental Concerts in the Handel Orchestra—Wonderful Performances on the Ballet Stage—H. Croueste's talented Company of Equestrians, and several new celebrities, in the Cirque Imperiale—Extra Fireworks—Thousands of Extra Variegated Lamps—Dancing before and after the Fireworks —Two Bands—Open at "7, commences at half-past—Admis sion, is. ; children fd. GRAND CLOSING FETE on WED NESDAY, Oct. 13. THE ARMY. THE INTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 142, Strand, London. Empowered by Act of Parliament, for LIFE ASSURANCE, SURVIVORSHIPS, ANNUITIES, ENDOWMENTS, &c. ' DIRECTORS. EDMOND SHEPPARD SYMES, M.D., Chairinan. W. Kenworthy Browne, Esq. I Henry J. Hodgson, Esq. Samuel King-Church. Esq. Johd Moss, Esq. John Elliotson, M.D.,Cantab., John Symes, Esq. F.R.S. I Joseph Thompson, Esq. SECRETARY TO THE BOARD. Alexander Richardson, Esq. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. Augustus Blondel, Esq. AUDITORS. Professor Wheatstone, F.R.S., and Professor J. Radford Young. MEDICAL REFEREE GENERAL. J. Elliotson, M.D., Cantab., F.R.S., 37, Conduit-street. ACTUARY. W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F.Tt.A.S., F.S.S., &c. ASSISTANT ACTUARY. Barker Woolhouse, Esq. BANKERS. Messrs. Glyn, Mills, and Co., 67, Lombard-street. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Gregory, Gregory, Skirrow, and Rowcliffe, Bedford row. The King Philip, 1,253 tons, Commander C. H. Cary, which has been taken up by the Hon. Council of India for the conveance of reinforcements to India, embarked the following troops at Custom house-quay, Gravesend, yesterday, for Calcutta— viz., 20 men of the 19th . Regirnent, - Igt battalion, 22 men of the 29th Regiment, and 28 men of the 75th Regt., from the battalions of infantry at Chatham garrison; 150 non-commissioned officers and men of the Royal Artillery, from Woolwich ; 60 men of the Ist battalion sth Fusiliers, 23 men of the Ist battalion, 6th Regiment, 60 men of the 34th Regi ment, 25 men of the 37th Regiment, and 20 men of the 38th Regiment, from Colchester; together with the following officers : —Li eu t.-C o l. H. it. Carden, 77th Regiment ; Capt. T. D. Forde, 46th Regiment ; Lieut. W. A. Roberts, Royal Artillery ; Ensign J. H. Bradshaw and Ensign F. H. D. Brome, sth Fusiliers ; Ensign J. Fitzgerald, 6th Foot •, Ensign Lutley Jordan, 34th Regiment ; Ensign G. F. Vesey, 19th Regiment ; and Ridingmaster C. C. Brooke, 9th Lancers. Staff-Surgeon W. M. Dowding, from Fermoy, embarked in medical charge of the rein forcements. The King Philip is a %Try fine vessel, and her accommodation for troops is very superior ; it is expected that she will make the passage to Calcutta in a short period. The vessel was to leave the Thames last night. The following reinforcements will embark at Gravesend this day for Calcutta, on board the Lady Octavia, 1,200 tons, Commander D. Welch, viz.:- 1 subaltern and 13 men of the Ist Battalion 23d ALHAMBRA PALACE, Leicester-square. (The best Ventilated Building in Europe.) Lessees, Messrs. Howes and Cushing. WALLETT'S GREAT EQUESTRIAN COMPANY Are still in their zenith of attraction. Senora DELAVANTI in her incredible and terrific Ascent on the Atlantic Tele graph. Wire, is daily and nightly hailed with cheers ; Pastor, the Star Rider of America ; Julia Tournaire, Cook, the wonderful Delavanti Family, Herr Footit, &c., appear at each Exhibition. The celebrated Clown, Mr. Harry Croueste is engaged, and will appear at each representation. TWO PERFORMANCES EACH DAY, Commencing at Half-past Two and Half-past Seven o'clock, p.m. Admission—Private boxes, £1 108. to £2lOB. each ; stalls, 5s ; reserved seats, 3s. ' • boxes, 2s. • pit, is . ; gallery, 6d. Box-office open from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. No fees for booking places. Children under 9, half-price. Red s to eat 3ies. ale- [3 6 L 3 0 9 0 [5 6 [9 0 33 6 The next Quinquennial in May, 1860. _ Division of Profits will be declared :amples of Inua up to May, 1855 : rrHORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE.- 1- It is only a short, time since this singularly efficacious article of animal diet first made its appearance; and already its celebrity is world-wide. It has be en a su bj ect of wonder, and has puzzled many a brain to explain how this has been brought about. Yet when we are acquainted with a few facts concerning the food, our wonder will cease. A few days since, a gentleman wrote, stating that he had a horse which was a " perfect bag of bones." He tried all kinds of things to get the animal into condition, but in vain. He then bought some of Thorley's food; and he says the effect was won d erful. The horse rapidly grew fat, and in the course of a few weeks had gained no less than 12 stones. Again we find at the late agri cultural shows at Birmingham, Cardiff, &c., the animals which carried off the highest prizes had been partly fed with Thor ley's food for cattle. Such . facts speak for themselve s , an d we are forced to the conclusion that its celebrity arises solely from its own intrinsic merits, and the gre a t d emand for it can proceed alone from the good opinion and testimony of tho se i who have tried it. All parties interested n horses and cattle will do well to apply to 77, Newgate-street, London, for a pamphlet which is sent post-free. Policy Sum Bonus in Bonus in Pe rmanent taken Age. Assured. addition Cash. Reduction out in to Sum o f A n nual Assured. Premiums. X £s. d. £s. d. £s. d. 1838 55 3,000 857 17 7 428. 1 4 56 3 8 1841 48 4,000 749 4 0 325 16 0 32 0 4 1845 59 2,000 232 18 0 156 15 0 16 6 0 1848 GO 2,000 154 2 8 10316 8 10 15 2 1851 55 2,800 120 17 0 72 14 6 6 7 7 Royal Welsh Fusiliers ; six men of the 35th (Royal Sussex) Regiment, 10 men of the 42d Royal High- For Sons of P r i va t e G entlemen Per Annum. For Sons of Ad m i ra l s an d General Officers having £lOO Regiments 80 For Sons of General Officers not having Regiments 70 For Sons of Captains and Commanders of the Royal Navy, and Field Officers of the Army having substantive rank 5O For Sons of all Officers of the Royal Navy and Army under the above ranks 4O For Sons of Officers of the Navy or Army who have died in the service, and whose families are proved to be left in pecuniary distress all 20 sons officers in the Navy and A rmy, who havlle of n in Action or have died from the effects of Active Service, and have left their families in reduced circum stances Free. The sons of Officers of Civil Departments of the Army and Navy are ad tnissable to the College on the same terms as those prescribed for the Sons of Officers of the Army of cor responding- rank. In addition to the above payments there will be required to be deposited on entrance such sum as shall be found necessary for supplying clothing, books, and instruments. 10. The following will be the subjects in which examina tion papers will be set, and the number of marks assigned to each, viz.— Latin, 2,000 j Marks. Classics f Greek, 1,600 Mathematics 3,600 English Language French Any other Modern La nguage ......... 1,200 1,200 History, with Geography 1,200 Natural Sciences, i.e., Mineralogy and Geology 1,200 Ex p e rimental Sciences, i.e., Chemistry, Heat, Electricity, including Magnetism Drawing 600 Of the ab ove su bj ects, the elementary portions of Mathe- Mattes, and the English L anguage, are obligatory on each Candidate. The following elementary branches will be included in the Obligatory section of mathematics, viz.:— In Arithmetic—Vulgar and Decimal Fractions, Propor tion, Extraction of the Square Root, and Interest. In Algebra—Fractions, Simple Equations, and questions producing, them. In Euclid—The first two Books. To these elementary branches 1,200 marks (out of the whole 3,60 0 marks for Mathematics) will be allotted, and it will be nec essary for qualification that at least 400 b e obtained, of Which 200 must be obtained in Arithmetic. In the English Language, 400 marks will be allotted to cor rect and legible writing from Dictation, and to Composition, and of these it will be necessary for qualification that 200 be obtained. And in addition to the marks above stated, as necessary for qualification in Mathematics and English, every Candidate Will be required to obtain in these, and other subjects of ex amination, such a furthe r num b er o f mar k s as shall raise the entire number he obtains to 1,800.- ..o marks will be allowed to count in any subject left op tional to the Candidate unless he gain at least one-sixth of the marks a ll otted to that subject. 11. Every Candidate will be required to forward to the Secretary of the Council of Military Education, at 1, White hall -yard, S.W., about one month before the examination for Which he intends to offer himself, a statement of the subjects he desires to take up. After the examination the Candidates will be reported to the Co mmander-in-Chief in the order of their merit, and those who obtain the greatest' number of marks will succeed to the Vacancies at the College.—By command. C. YORKE, Military Secretary. ON PHYSICAL DISOUALIPICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND' IMPEDIAIENTS TO MARRIAGE. New and improved Edition, ell rg to 103 pages, illustrated by 100 Anatomical Colou re:l ' E a u4a d vings on Steel, just pub lished, price, free by Post, ls. PT HE SILENT FRIEND A Medical Work on the physical exhalguesnticoen, inanidecitleiocnay:aoifidthtehferaimwp, from the effects of solitary indu consequences from the use of Mercury : with observations the obligations of marriage, and directions for b• ti on o via ug cer tain discitialifications. By R. and L. PERRY and Co.; - Sur geons. Consultations as usual (see page 197). Sold by J. All , 20, W arw i c k -l ane, Paternoster - row; Sanger, 160, O x f or d s treet; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely balsamic: its power in reinvigorating the frame in all eases of nervous and sexual debility, obstinate gleets, impo tency, barrenness, anddebilities arising from venereal excesses. has been demonstrated bv its unvarying sucess in thousands of c "e 4 . Price lls. per bottle, or four quantities in one for 335., which saves 11 s. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an an ti -8 39Thilil is remedy, for purifying the system, and is recom- Mended fo r any of the varied forms of secondary symptoms, ,!inch as eruptions o n th e s ki n, bl otches on the h ea d mi d face, en - l_arz,entents of the tlirociA, tonsils, and uvula; threatened acitruction of the nose, palate, Arc. Its action is purely deter ; Y r, and it s b enef i cial influence on the system is uncteniable. lls. and 335. per bottl e, a l so a sav i ng of 11s. .... F ERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC I'ILLS constitute an etrectnal remedy in either sex for all cases of gonorrhoea, gleet, imAtricture, and diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 2,1 . 6d. and lls, per box. leSold ,by Daniel Church, 78, Gracechnrch-street, City ; Bart !, ,Ilooper, 43, King William-street (four doors from London- Tage); G. I'. Watts, 17, Strand ;W. Sutton and 0 B Co., . ow %.lU2:_chyard ; W. Edwards, 67, St. Paul's-churchyard ; J. 140, xford Street ; Hannay and , 63. ' r irl-streot ;O Butler and Harding, 4, Cheapside Dietrichsen ; prout and !nt, 229 St ran d , and all medical vendors throughout. wAg United Kingdom, The followinz are amongst the advantages offered by the International Life Assurance Society:— The Society was established in 1838. Two-thirds of the profits are divided amongst the assured every five years. Its subscribed capital is five hundred thousand pounds. Its investments, at the date of the last annual report aounted to one hundred and seventy-one thousand p oun ds. m Its annual income is ninety thousand pounds. The number of policies now in force exceed six thousand. About one thousand new policies are added every year. Since its commencement the Society has paid in claims upwards of three hundred and twenty thousand pounds. For prospectuses and every other information, apply to the Chairman, 142, Strand. EDMOND S. STILES, Chairman 142, Strand, London, W.C. NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE. Indigestion (Dyspepsia), Constipation, Flatulency, Phlegm, Nervousness, Biliousness, Liver Complaints, Hysteria, Neuralgia; Sleeplessness, Acidity, Palpitation, Heartburn, Eruptions, Impurities, Irritability, Low Spirits, Diarrhoea, Hemorrhoids, Headache, Debility, Despondency, Cramps, Spasms, Nausea, and Sickness (during pregnancy or at sea), Sinking Fits, Cough, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption, also Children's Complaints, effectually removed by U BARRY' S delicious Health-Restoring REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which saves fifty times its cost in other remcdies in illness, and is, moreover, the best food for infants and invalids generally, as it is the only food which never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the 'most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of gratitude from invalids :—Cure No. 71, of dyspepsia, from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Decies—" I have derived con siderable benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to authorise the publication of these lines. Stuart de Decies." Cure No. 49,332. " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, ner vousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food. Maria Jolly, Wortham Ling, near Dias, Norfblk." Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Na zing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herts, a cure of extreme ner vousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and n ervous fan cies. Cure No. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool : a cure of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors &nervous irritability. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of con stipition, dyspepsia, nervous irritability. Cure No. 34,210. ' Dr. Shorland, of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. Cap tain Allan. of epileptic fits. Cure No. 46,116. Major Edie, of enlargement of the liver, and total prostration of strength. Cure No. 36418. Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spasms. and daily vomitings. Cure No. .6,418. Dr. Harvey, of diarhoea and debility. Cure No. 39,628. Dr. Wurtzer, Of consumption. Cure No. 32,8 1 0. Wm. Hunt, Esq., barrister, of paralysis. Cure No. 46,270. Mr James Roberts, wood merchant, Frimley, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver de rangement, partial deafness. Cure No. 58.816. Mrs. Hoize, aged 107 years, of dyspepsia (indigestion), debility, irritability, and nervousness, which had tormented her for 70 years. Cure No. 56,814. Mr. Samuel Laxton, Leicester, of two years' diarrhoea. Cure No. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of Castle stuart, of many years' nervous irritability, bile, and indiges tion. Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of con snmption, after her medical advisers had abandoned all hopes of recovery. Cure No. 180. "Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, indigestion, and debility, from which I have suf fered great misery, and which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's Food in a very short time . . W. B. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London." consiitte7ps' spasms, cured ap by v fl i t with cramps, "Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, and nausea, for which my servant had Badarvriyee's of eg been effectually efre l 4 s u l a ia ll l y l _ answer any inquiries. Rev John W. ." iciddlington Rectory Norfolk " No. 32,836. " Three years' excessive nervousness, arm, and Penerm debility, with pains in my neck and left miserable, has been lity, which rendered my life very restoring Food. Alex radically removed by Du Barry's health Cure No. 3,,.; Stuart, Archdeacon of Ross, Skib bereen.""Th' Indiges tion, and general debility have been years' cough, excellent Revalenta Arabicaave been removed by Du Barry's Athol street Perth." Food. James Porter, Athol- Import ant Caution against the fearful d a n ger o f spur i ous The Vice-Chancellor Sir William Page Wood injunction on the 10th March, against Al granted an Neville, for imitating "Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica IFT'ooper Suitably packed for all climates, and with all instructions. In canisters, Od. ; 21b.,121b., 225. ere fined quality 11b., 6s. ; 21b., 11s. ; 51b., f22s 1 0Th., &- lOW. and 121 b. canisters are forwarded carriage free, on re ceipt of Post-office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent street, London ; Fortnum, Mason, and Co., purveyors to her Majesty. 182, Piccadilly ; James Well, 4n, Sloane-street • also at 60, Gracechurch-street; 330, 430, and 451, Strand; 94, Cheapside; and 60, Bishopsgate • street , 63 , 150 , and 196,. Oxford-street THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTII AND MATURITY. Just published, price is., post free, in an Envelope, for 13 stamps. SELF- PRESERVATION. -A Medical Treati se on the Functions and Disorders of the Generative System, and on the cure of Nervous and Physical Debility, resulting, froth vicious habits acquired during the critical passage from ' youth to Manhood, with practical observations on the Phy siology of 'Marriage in its social, moral, and physical rela tions. To which are added remarks on the wonders of the Microscope in revealing the hidden mysteries "of Life witlthi Life," and its advantages in detecting, by urinary examina tion, the cause and effect of everyvariety of these complaints, with numerous engravings and cases. BY 'SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D., 37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Hono rary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Li centiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fear ful consequencel4 resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses, which have produced more -misery in Youth, degradation in Manhood, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any other class of disease known to modern pathologists. Its perusal is particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their physical condi tion, and who are conscious of having hazarded the health, happiness, and privileges to which every human being is en titled. It IS absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are principles of personal management which cannot be violated without incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed the heyday of inconsiderate self indulgence, how those penalties may be mitigated, how the sting, of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply Leure. 'Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row, and may be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Horne, 19, Leicester square ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; or from the Author, who may be consulted daily, from 11 till 2, and from 6 till 8, at his residence, 37, Bedford-square, London. The work may be had in India, of Mr. Von Litzky, Loll Bazaar; Calcutta —Messrs. C. and J. Hormusiee, Apollo-street ; Bombay—Circulator Office ; Mad ras—Mofussil ite Office, Agra; Dodsworth, C o l om b o, Ceylon ; and of all Booksellers through out the Colonies; t theh e fi pu r s b t i i li c s3s o , uo n eo o F o , c O a d ! n a ol , n, Turkish ile loan ntuwraes further of the a pnad t i h da e d edairepeloocspeietn instalmentdot fon2oops Saturday : r eour a frd t cl i ea o sny n t. s in the per f oneAlthougheannt.ad ditionalo there 3 d t o ht O se ,.oo a o dT , lb,.er. sfierssp i t v e c eg r ulu e oa f tt e ao w triso s nfin ell fod er rd s tih e ffi v ec e nui n et a wy t i d in s m s v u Pc a lr e o :t sv e h i e i d d s g : I hprices, morning n e t i i r af after waser regular o premium,hohours, it s and too it d aultimately 12 to t The old scrip opened at par, and left off at premium. NAVIGATION: OF THE DANUBE. —The following, extract of a letter gives some interesting details on the sub ject of the navigation of the mouth of the Danube and on the works to be executed there, in ord er to i mprove the St. George's Channel :—" The duration of the works may be estimated at from three to five years, and the expense ap proximately at nine millions of francs, but if other expenses of ulterior improvement, such as the removal of the Toultcha Rock, &c., be taken into consideration, it would be more correct to set the sum down at 12,000,000 fr. The annual expense of repairs, exclusive of those of administration, may be estimated at 300,000 fr. Commercial men, who would large] y benefit by the improvements made in the navigation o f the river, could easily bear the dues necessary to pay the in terest, and provide for a sinking fund for the expense. In calculating on a traffic of 372,000 tons, and by imposing a tax of 3f. a - ton, a sum of 1,116,000 f. would be raised, which might be divided as follows :-600,000f. for interest, 458,000 f. for 'repairs and other expenses, and 58,000 f. for sinking fund. From the information which had been laid before the commission it appears that the charges of all kinds now imposed on commerce amount to at least 22f. a ton, which sum may be reduced to 6f. from the facilities afforded by the works. The addition therefore of a tax of 3f.will still leave to commerce a benefit of 13f. a ton." Landers, one subaltern and 60 men of the 54th Re - g ment, one subaltern and 19 men of the 60th Rifles, one subaltern and 16 men of the 73d Regiment, 38 men of the 88th Connaught Rangers, 18 men of the 93d Highlanders, and 40 men of the 97th (Earl of Ulster's) Regiment. The Sandtly steam gunboat has arrived at Chat ham from Portsmouth, and has commenced shipping war stores for that port. The line-of-battle screw steamer Hood, 91, build inn. at Chatham, is so f a r completed that she will befit to be launched this year if required. The machinery with which she is ordered to be fitted is of 600 horse-power. The 48th Foot, from Gibraltar, and the 46th and 91st Foot, from Corfu and the Mediterranean, have passed through Egypt, and embarked at Suez on board the steam transports Feroze, Zenobia, and Oriental, and sailed for Calcutta. Yesterday the Admiralty took up the Caroline Coventry, to convey military- stores to Bombay, and the Star of the East, to carry a detachment of artillery and several hundred tons of military stores to Hong Kong. The Sir G. F. Seymour and the Forward were also hired to take out military stores to Bermuda and Halifax. Her Majesty's ship Russell, 60, Captain Storey, accompanied by her tender, the Hind gunboat, re turned to her station (as' coastguard head-quarters for the western district) at Falmouth, on Friday, from a cruise to the eastward. In consequence of the lamentable destruction by fire of the steamer Austria, the Admiralty have directed their attention to the necessity of using every precaution to prevent the possibility of so fearful a calamity occurring on board any of her Majesty's steamships, and yesterday orders were issued for experiments to be made with Horsey's patent, which consists of a steam cock at the top of the boiler, from which pipes extend all over the ship, so that on fire occurring in any part of a vessel it may, by simply turning the cock, be de luged with steam and extinguished. An order was yesterday received at Woolwich from the War Department, directing the authori ties of the Royal Artillery Garrison to extend as far as practicable the number of bathrooms already commenced, so as to admit of the frequent bathing, in hot or cold water, of the entire garrison. The substitution of Captain Grant's culinary apparatus in lieu of the ordinary mode of barrack kitchen has rendered 12 of the old cookhouses available for other purposes. These are ordered to be given over to the Royal Engineers, to be fitted with eight baths each, for the exclusive use of the non commissioned officers and soldiers. The new method of ventilating the men's sleeping rooms is in progress throughout the garrison, and is found to work most effectually. Yesterday the whole Of the metropolitan divisions of the enrolled Out-Pensioners of Chelsea Hospital were summoned for their annual drill and training. The east division musters on Tower-hill, the west in the grounds of Chelsea Hospital. the north in the Cavalry Barracks, Regent's -park, an d th e sou th at Kennington. They will be trained and put through battalion drill from the 21st to the 29th inst., and on the 30th inst. all the divisions will be reviewed in Hyde-park by Colonel Sir A. M. Tulloch. THE LATE GALE.—During the gale of Thursday last the whole of the tents of the encampment be longing to the Pembroke garrison at Freshwater. East were entirely blown down. Both officers and (From Humboldt's "Cosmos," translated by .3lrs. Sabine) We have now to notice the unnumbered host of comets. If we estimate according to the rules of the calculus of probabilities, the equable distribution of the paths of these bodies, the limits of their peri helia, and thepossibility of their remaining invisible to the inhabitants of the earth, their possible num bers will be an amount of myriads astonishing to the imagination. Kepler, with his usual liveliness of expression, said, even in his day, " there are more comets in space than fishes in the ocean." As yet, however, we hardly possess as many as 150 calculated paths of comets ; but we have notices more or less precise of the appearance of 600 or 700 of such bodies, and of their passage through known constellations. Whilst the classic nations of the West, the Greeks and the Romans, do, indeed, some times mention the place in the heavens where a comet was first seen, but never afford us informa tion respecting its appasent path, the literature of the Chinese (who observed nature diligently, and carefully recorded everything) supplies us with cir cumstantial notices of the comets seen by them, and of the constellations which each passed through. These notices extend back to more than five centu ries before the Christian era, and many of them are still found useful in astronomy. The paths of the four first comets which it has been possible to in vestigate have been computed from Chinese obser vations. 'They are those of 240 (in the reign of Gor dian III.), of 539 (in that of Justinian), of 565, and 837. According t o D u S e j our , th e last f these must have been for 24 hours 2,000,000 geographical miles only from the earth. It appeared during the reign of Louis-le-Debonnaire (the son of Charlemagne), and was thought to prognosticate disasters which that monarch sought to avert by founding conven tual establishments, whilst the Chinese astrono mers were scientifically engaged in tracing its path. Its' tail was 60 degrees in length, and ap peared sometimes simple and sometimes divided. The first comet computed exclusively from European observations is that of 1456, or • Valley's comet, so named on the occasion' which was long, though erroneously, supposed to have been its first well ascertained appearance. Of all planetary bodies, comets—though their mean mass is probably much less than the five-thousandth part of that of the earth—are those which occupy the greatest space, their wide-spreading tails often extending over many millions of miles. The cone of light reflect ing gaseous matters whi c h radiates from them has been found in some instances, as in 1680 and 1811, to equal in length the distance of the earth from the sun, or that of a line including the orbits of the two planets, Venus and Mercury. It is even prob able that the emanations from the comets of 1811 and 1823 mixed with our atmosphere. Comets show their diversities of form, diversities r belonging rather to the individual than to the class, that the description given of one of these " wander ing light-clouds" (as they were called by Xeno phanes, and Theon of Alexandria, contemporaries of Pappus), can only be applied with much caution to another. The fainter telescopic comets are for the most part without tails, and resemble Herschel's nebulous star. Their appearance is that of circular nebulae shining with a .faint light con centrated towards the centre. This is the simplest type, but not, on that account, a rudimen tary type, for it might equally be the type of a cosmical body grown old and exhausted by exhal a ti on . v We can distinguish in the larger comets, the " head," or ".nucleus," and the " tail," either single or multiple, which the Chinese astronomers more characteristically deno minate by the word" brush" (sui). The nucleus usually presents no definite outline, although in some rare instances it appears like a star of the first or second magnitude; and in the larger comets of 1402, 1532, 1577, 1744, and 1843, has even been clearly seen in bright sunshine. As the tail of the comet of 1402 was seen in bright sunshine, so also in the recent great comet of 1843 the nucleus and tail were visible on the 28th of Feb. in North Ame rica, between 'one and three o'clock in the after noon. (J. G. Clarke, of Portland, in the State of Maine.)" The distance of the very dense nucleus from the sun's limb could be measured with great exactness. The nucleus and tail appeared as a very pure white cloud, between the tail and the nucleus there was one darker part. The latter circumstance appears to indicate, in particular individuals, a denser mass, capable of reflecting light with greater intensity. Even in Herschel's large telescope, only two comets showed well-defined discs, viz., the comet discovered in Sicily in 1807, and the fine comet of 1811, the one having an, angle of 1 sec., and the other of 0 sec. 77, whence he inferred their true diameters to be respectively 534 and 428 miles. The measurement of the less well defined nuclei of the comets of 1798 and 1805 gave diameters of only 24 to 28 miles. In several comets which were examined with great care, and particularly in the above-namdd comet of 1811 which was so long in sight, the nucleus and its nebulous envelope were entirely separated from the tail by a darker space. The intensity of light in the nucleus of a comet does not increase in a uniform manner to wards the centre, but bright zones alternate with concentric nebulous envelopes, which are less lumi nous. The tail sometimes appears single, more rarely doubl e , an d i n t wo i ns t ances , i n the comets of 1807 and 1843, the two branches were of very different length ; in the comet of 1744 the tail had six branches, the two exterior diverging at an angle of 60 deg. The tails have been sometimes straight sometimes curved ; in the latter case either concave towards both sides, or, as in 1618, convex towards the di rec ti on in ich the comet is moving ; and sometimes the tail even appears inflected like a flame in motion. The tails are always turned from the sun, and so directed that the prolongation of the axis would pass through the centre of that body —this circumstance, according to Edouard Biot, was remarked by the Chinese astronomers as early as 837, but was first clearly stated in Europe by Pracastoro and Peter Apian in the 16th century. We may conceive that these emanations form cono idal envelopes of greater 'or less thickness, which would furnish a very simple explanation of several of the remarkable optical phienomena above men tioned. Not only are different comets characterised by great difference of form—some being entirely with out visible tails, others, as the third comet of 1618, having a tail of 101 degrees in length—but we also see the same comets pass through successive and rapid variations. These changes have been well and most accurately described in the comet of 1744, by Heinsius, at Petersburg, and in Halley's comet, on its last re-appearance, in 1835, by Bessel at Konigsberg. A tuft of rays issued from that part of the nucleus which was turned towards the sun. These rays thus issuing were bent backwards, so as to form part of the tail. The nucleus of Halley's comet, with its emanations, presented the appear ance of a burning rocket, the t,rain of which was deflected sideways by a current of air. The rays issuing from the head of the comet were seen by Arago and myself, at the Observatory at Paris_, to assume very different forms on successive nights. The great Konigsberg astronomer concluded from many measurements and from theoretical considera tions, "that the outstreaming cone of light deviated notably both to the right and to the left of the true direction towards the sun, but that it always returned to that direction, and passed beyond it to the opposite side ; so that both the cone of light, and the body of the comet from which it issued, were subject to a rotatory or rather vibratory mo tion, in the plane of the orbit." He finds "that the ordinary power of the attractive force of the sun on gravitating bodies is not sufficient to explain such vibrations, and is of opinion that they would seem to indicate a polar force, which tends to turn one of the semi-diameters of the comet towards the sun, and the opposite semi-diameter from the sun. The magnetic polarity possessed by the earth may present something analo gous, and should the sun have the oppo site polarity, a resulting influence might manifest itself in the precession of the equinoxes." This is not the place for entering more at lengthionntotrlifuisl subject ; but observations so remarkabl e, and so important with reference to the most wonderful class of cosmical bodies belonging to our solar system ought not to be entirely passed over in this general view of nature. Although, in the greater number of cases, the tails of comets increase in magnitude and brilliancy in the vicinity of the sun, and are directed from that body, yet the comet of 1823 offered the remark able example of two tails, one turned from and the other nearly towards the sun, forming with each other an angle of 60 deg. Peculiar modifications of polarity, and its unequal distribution and conduc tion, may in this rare case have caused a double continuous current of nebulous matter. Aristotle, in his Natural Philosophy, brings the phenomena of comets through the medium of these effusions into a singular connexion with the existence of the milky way. He supposes that the countless multi tude of stars which form the galaxy give out a lu minous or incandescent matter. The nebulous belt which traverses the vault of the heavens is there fore regarded by the Stagirite as an immense comet incessantly reproducing itself. The passages over the fixed stars of the nucleus of a comet, or of its innermost vapour ous envelopes, might throw light on the physical character of these wonderful bodies, but we arc deficient in observations of the kind in which we can be assured that the passage was perfectly cen tral. The ancients had been struck by the circum stance that it is possible to see through comets as through flame. The oldest testimony to stars hav ing been seen through them is that of Democritus (Aristot.. Meteor. i. 6, 11); and it led Aristotle to make the not unimportant remark, that he had himself observed one of the stars of Gemini occulted by Jupiter. Seneca only speaks decidedly of the transparency of the tail. He says (Nat. Quist. vii. 18) that stars are seen through comets as through a cloud; not indeed through the body of the comet, but through rays of the tail ; non in ea parte pia sidus ipsum est epissi et solidi ignis, sod qua rarus splendor oceurrit et in crines dispergitur. Per in tervalla ignium, non per ipsos, vides" (vii. 26). The addition is superfluous, for we certainly can see through flame if it has not too great a thickness, as shown by Galileo in the Saggiatore. For in the immediate vicinity of the nucleus, as I have already noticed, dense coatings alternate with others of great tenuity. On the other hand, there is no doubt that the light of a star of the tenth magnitude passed through very dense nebulous matter on the 29th of. September, 1835, at a distance of 7.78 secs. from the centre of the nucleus of Halley's comet, according to Besscl's most careful measurement. without experiencing any deflection in its recti linear course at any moment of its passage. At Dorpat the star was in conjunction only 2.2 secs. from the brighest point in the comet. The star remained constantly visible, and its light was not perceptibly weakened, whereas the nucleus of the comet seemed to fade even to extinction before the light of thi s sma ll star ,of the ninth or tenth magnitude. Such an absence of refracting power, if actually extending to the centre of the nucleus, makes it difficult to regard the substance of comets as of a gaseous nature —w, is the n'r-ne^ of refracting power a con-,equence of the almost infinite rarity of a fluid of that description ?—or, does the comet consist of " detached particles," &ming a cosmical cloud, which no more affects the ray of light passing through it than do the clouds of our atmosphere, which in like manner have no influence on the zenith distances of the heavenly bodies? In the passage of a cornet over a star, there has often been noticed a greater or less diminution of the light of the star, but this has been justly ascribed to the brightness of the . ground on which, during the coin cidence, the star is seen. We indebted to Arago's polarisation experiments for the most important and decisive observations on the nature of the light of comets. His polariscope instructs us concerning the physical constitution of the sun, as well as that of the comets • it informs us whether a luminous ra y, w hi c h reac he s us from a distance of many millions of miles, is a direct or a reflected or refracted ray ; and, if direct, whether the source of light is a solid, a liquid, or a gaseous body. The li g ht o f C a p e ll a , an d t h a t o f the great comet of 1819, were examined at the Paris Obser vatory with the same apparatus. The comet showed polarised, and therefore reflected light" ; whilst, as was to be expected, the fixed star was proved to be a self-luminous sun. The existence of polarised cometary light announced itself not only by the, inequality of the imag es , b u t was shown with still greater certainty, at the re-appearance of Halley's comet in 1835, by the more striking contrast of complementary colours, in accordance• with the laws of chromatic polarisation discovered by Arago in 1811. These fine experiments leave it however still undecided, whether, besides this reflected solar light, comets may not have a proper light of their own. Even in planets, in Venus for example, an evolution of independent light appears very pro bable. The variable intensity of the light of comets is not always to be explained by their place in the orbit, and their distance from the sun. In parti cular individuals it certainly indicates internal processes of condensation, and increased or dimi nished capability of reflecting light. In the comet of 1618, as in that which has a period of revolu tion of three years, Hevelius saw the nucleus lessen at the perihelion, and enlarge at the aphelion of the comet; this remarkable phrenomenon, which had long remained unheeded, has since been ob served by the distinguished astronomer, Valz, at Nismes. The regularity of the alteratioli of the volume according to the distance from the sun, ap peared exceedingly striking ; the physical explana tion of the phenomenon cannot well be sought in the greater condensation of the cosmical ether in the vicinty of the sun, for it is difficult to imagine the nebulous envelope of the nucleus of the comet to be, like a vesicle, impervious to the ether. The very dissimilar eccentricities of the eliptical paths of differents comets, has led in modern times (1819) to a brilliant accession to our knowledge of the solar system. Encke has discovered the exis tence of a comet having so short a period of revolu tion, that it always remains within our planetary system, and even reaches its aphelion, or greatest distance from the sun, between the orbits of Jupiter and of the small planets. The eccentricity of its orbit is 0.845 ; that of Juno, which has the greatest eccentricity among the planets, being 0.255. This comet has been more than once seen, though with difficulty, by the naked eye, in Europe, in 1819 ; and, according to Rumker, in New Holland, in 1822. Its period of revolution is about 3.3 years • but from the most careful comparison of the epo c h s of its return to its perihelion, the remarkable fact has been discovered that this period has regularly decreased in every successive revolution from 1786 to 1838 ; the dithinution amounting in an interval of 52 years to 1.8 day. To this first discovered comet of short period, there was soon added a second planetary comet, having its aphelion beyond the orbit of Jupiter, but within that of Saturn. Biela's comet, discovered in 1826, has a period of revolution of 6.75 years, and its light is still fainter than that of Encke's. The motion of both these comets is direct, or the same as that of the planets, whereas Halley's is opposite or retrograde. Biela's comet presents the first cer tain instance of the orbit of a comet intersecting that of the earth ; its path may therefore suggest the possibility of a catastrophe, if we may apply that term to the extraordinary phenomenon of a collision, which has not occurred within historical times, and of which we cannot with certainty pre dict the • consequences. Granting that small masses possessed of enormous velocity may exert a notable force, Laplace, after showing that the mass of the comet of 1770 is probably less than 1-5000 that of the earth, has assigned with a cer tain degree of probability, for the avera)%o ln ct a f " the of comets, a quantity far below even 1-10 0 , earth's mass, or only about 1-1200 of that t of the moon. The passage of Biela's comet across the earth's orbit must not of course be confounded with its proximity to, or encounter with, , 01 t 1 ,1 1; globe oet., s itself.i3 When this passage took place * on " 2 the earth was a full month in time f rom the point of intersection of the two paths. The orbits of Encke's and Bicla's comets also intersect each other, and it has been justly remarked, that in the course of the many perturbations which such small bodies suffer from the greater planetary masses, there is a possibility of their meeting ; and that should this ta k e place about the middle of the month of October, the inhabitants of the earth-might behold the extraordinary spectacle of an encounter between . two cosmical bodies, and possibly of their mutual penetration and amalgamation, or of their destruction by . exhausting emanations. Such events, the consequences either of de flexion produced by disturbing masses, or of ori ginally intersectirorbits, may have taken place frequently in th e course of millions of years, and in the vast extent of immeasurable space; they would, however, be isolated occurrences, having as little general influence on other cosmical forms, as the breaking forth or extinction of a single vol -1 .no has in our less extensive sphere. A third planetary comet of short period was dis covered on the 22d Nov., 1843, at the Paris Obser vatory, by M. Faye. Its elliptic path approaches much more nearly to a circle than that of any of the comets previously known to us, and is include' be tween the orbits of Mars and Saturn ; passing, according to Goldschmidt, beyond the orbit of Jupi ter. This comet is therefore one of the very few whose perihelia are beyond the orbit of Mars; its .._. . 0 4, 6 -------( s?'.'7l7-;ii mil A ~ - -t- • 7 r. 4, •WN • 4 •-• -4 ,. .. 1 - --- ,--- 'e A 4 , . , !.:0 - ,.._--,:. i z, • 4 , A 7 period of revolution is 7. r , ' . ent form or its path mad-pm "tiiS lie- 1 ttit l ' approach Which it made to tluKreanpasSA Jupi ter-at the end of the year 18.39. If we consider all comets moving in elliptivn.bits as members of .our solar syStem, and class them by the lengths of their major axes, the amount of their eccentricities, and the duration of their lieriods ' of revolution, it seems probable that in the last named respect, the three comets of Encke,, Thela, and Faye, axe most nearly approached by the comet which Messier . discovered in 1776 (regarded by Clausen as identical with the third comet ()L . :1819), and by the fourth. comet seen in the same year (1819), discovered by Blanpain, and thought by Clausen to .be identical with the comet of 1743. The orbits of the last-mentioned comet as well as that of Lexel" - . Lo have undergone great alte ration by the proximity and attraction of JulAter ; their periods of revolution appear to be only from five to six years, and their aphelia take place near the orbit of Jupiter. Among comets whose periods range from 70 to 76 years, we should name, first, Halley's, Which has been of so mush importance in theoretical and physical astronomy, and whose last appearance in 1835 was less brilliant than might have been expected from preceding ones ; andth theOl discovered e co ed f the Gth of M arc h, 1815) ; comettlie of one d ,by Pons in 1812, the elliptic orbit 'of which was determined by Eneke. The two latter comets were invisible to the naked eye. We now know with certainty of nine returns of Halley's comet, for Laugier's ca l cu l at i ons have recently demonstrated the idntity of the orbit with that of the comet of 1378, mentioned in the Chinese tables of comets, for the knowledge of which we are indebted to Edouard Biot. During the interval be tween the first and last recorded appearances, in 1378 and 1835, its periods of revolution have fluc tuated between 74 . 91 years and 77 - 58 years, the mean being 76 - 1. Contrasted with the cosmical bodies of which we have been speaking are a group of comets requiring many thousand years to perform their revolutions, of which the periods can- emir be determined with great difficulty and uncertainty. Argelander assigns a - period of 3,065 to the - fine comet of 1811, and Eneke a period of upwards of- 1 8;,800 years to the awfully grandone of 1680:- According to such views these bodies recede respectively to distances from the sun 21 and 44 times greater than that of Uranus, Or to 33,600 and 70,400 millions of miles. At these enormous distances, the attractive force of the sun still subsi4slit** whilst the moti on o f th e comet o f 1680 at its - perihelion is 242 miles in a second, being 13 times greater than that of the Earth, its velocity .at its aphelion is scarcely 10 feet in a second, being only three times . greater than that of our most slug gish European rivers, and but half that which I found in the Cassiquiare, an arm of the Orinoco. Amongst the countless host of unealculated or still undiscovered comets, it is highly probable that there are many, the major axes of whose orbit may far exceed that of the comet of 1680. In order -to afford through the medium of figures some idea—l do not say of the extent of the sphere of attraction —of the distance in space of a fixed star or other sun from the aphelion of the comet of 1680 (the one of the bodies of our solar system which, according to our present knowledge, attains the greatest remote ness), I would here remind the reader that, according to the most recent determinations of parallax, eventhe nearest fixed star is at least 250 times more distant from our sun than-this comet at its aphelion. The comet's distance is only 44 times that of Uranus, - whilst that of a Centauri is 11,000 and of 61 Cygiii, according to .Bessels's de termination, 31,000 times that of Uranus. Having thus considered the greatest known:dis tances of comets from the. central body, we may proceed to notice instances of the greatest proximity hitherto measured. The smallest distances between a comet and the earth occurred in the case of Lexell and Burkhardt's comet of 1770, which has acquired so much celebrity from the perturbations it under went from the mass of Jupiter. On the 28th of June, 1770, this comet's distance from the earth was only six times that of the moon from the earth. The same comet passed twice, in 1767 and in 1769, through the system of the four satellites of Jupiter, without causing the slightest sensible derangeinent in these small bodies, whose 'movements are so well known. The great comet of 1680, when at its peri helion on the 17th of December, was only one sixth of the sun's diameter from the surface of that body ; an approach eight or nine times nearer than Lexell's comet made to the earth, and equal to only seven-tenths of the moon's distance from the earth. Owing to the feebleness of the light of distant comets, perihelia which take place beyond the orbit of Mars can very seldom be observed - by the inhabitants of the earth ; and of all the comets which have been computed hitherto, that of 1729 is the only one which has its perihelion between the orbits of Pallas and Jupiter, it was even observed beyond the latter planet. since a degree of scientific knowledge, sometimes .- sound, but oftener vague and partial, has extended into wider circles of social life, the fears of possible evils threatened by comets have p:rhaps rather in creased in weight as their direction has become more definite. The certainty that within the known planetary orbits there are comets which visit our regions at short intervals—the considerable perturbations which their paths undergo by the attractions of Jupiter and Saturn, whereby- appa rently harmless bodies might be converted into dan gerous ones—the intersection of the earth's orbit by that of Biela's comet—the recognition of the existence of a cosmical ether, which as a retarding medium tends to contract orbits—the differences betweenin dividual comets, which allow of the supposition of considerable diversity in the mass of the nucleus— are motives of alarm which by their number and variety are fully equivalent to the vague fears which prevailed in former centuries of " fiery swords, and " long haired blazing stars," threaten ing universal confla gra ti on . Th e t ranqu illising con siderations which, on the other hand, have been de rived from the calculus of probabilities, being ad dressed to the understanding rather than to the imagination, modern sci ence has been accused, with some degree of justice, of only endeavouring to allay fears which she has herself conlributcd to excite. That the unexpected and extraordinary should oftener excite fear than joy or hope, springs from a source more deeply seated in our common nature. The strange aspect of a large comet, its faint nebu lous gleam, its sudden appearance in the vault of heaven, have almost always, and in all regions of the earth, been viewed as the portentous heralds of impending change in the established order of things. The phenomenon itself being of short duration, its reflection is the more naturally looked for in con temporaneous or immediately succeeding events, and it is seldom difficult to fix on seine incident which may be interpreted as .the calamity foreshown. In our own time, however, the popular mind has taken another and more cheerful, though singular direction in respect to comets. Among the German vineyards, in the beautiful valleys of the Rhine and the Moselle, a favourable influence on the ripening of the grape and on the quality of the wine has been ascribed to these bodies, long regarded as so ill-omened ; nor has experience of a contrary kind, which has not been wanting in these days when comets have been - so often seen,, been able to shako the belief in this meteorological fable of wandering heat imparting stars. PRINCELY , ult. her Serene Highness Princess Cath_c e rin t e oo lri nz v A NaN.—On the morning of the 29th n the Cil ern at Sigmarin , ren, born Princess of liolienl h the Franciscan Sisters, an order distinguished . poverty Rome, in the ancient nunnery of St. Ambrose, ° ' belonging to and strictness of discipline. 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