The Sun. — London, England, 1869-04-29 00:00:00

:RIB' OF THE PUBLIC JOURNAT,;,, The Times, in discussing the recent debate on our licensing system, observes that within ten years of the beer law, Lord Brougham, who had been oue of its strongest advocates, proposed a measure for its repeal, so terrible had been the immorality occasioned by the system. The notion of the reformers was that by bringing good beer to every poor man's door they would be keeping him from the public-house—in other words, from bad company and vicious habits, The result, as they discovered too late, was that by putting beer in everybody's way they induced a certain number of persons to drink too much of it, and so promoted the very evil they desired to suppress. To this disappointment was added another misfortune of unexpected magnitude. The object of the Legis lature in transferring the licensing power from the magistrates to the excise was unquestionably good. Magistrates .were often brewers themselves, still more frequently connected with brewing and moneyed interests, so that for various reasons they might be expected to discourage the new establishments, and, under cover of requirements touching moral character and repute, to put difficulties in the way of beer licenses. The excise ofTleers, on the other hand, would be anxious only to increase the revenue by the consumption of exescable articles, and, moreover, they had no discretion in the mat tx, provided the applicant for a license complied with the very easy condition of the Act. The consequence was, in the words of Mr. Bruce, " a check exercised on public houses which did not exist in regard to beerhouses"—in other words, beerhouses became independent of all control whatever. A bench of magistrates could refuse a wine and spirit license without diffi culty--the Excise could not possibly refuse a beer license. No doubt the reformers of 1830 imagined that a shop for the sale of beer alone would be as harmless an establishment as that of a grocer or teadealer ; but experience has shewn how completely they were mistaken. The truth came out the other day in our reports upon the haunts of habitual criminals. Of all the bad places in the country, a bad beershop—and of these there are many—is about the worst. Over these houses the magistrates have no control, the police have no control, and the Excise have only a control which is utterly nugatory. That, in fact, is the point at which reform is now most imperatively needed. It is idle to think of establishing a reign of sobriety by putting beer absolutely out of reach, but we can insure that beershops should, at any rate, be no worse conducted than public-houses, and that when they are turned into dens of thieves a short and sharp remedy should be in the hands of those who are responsible for public order. The Star says the beershops may probably be dealt with, or at least their evils will be so thoroughly exposed in discussions such as that which took place on Sir H. Selivin-Ibbetson's bill, that a general measure on licensing will at last be extorted from Parliament. Successive Governments have long been willing enough to deal with the subject; but they have always found themselves hampered and impeded by certain great interests and organisations which effectually prevent the matter from being settled on its merits. If the agitations which have so usefully begun go on, it will be seen that the present state of things i 9 unbearable. It would be a good thing at once to get rid of beershops, because they, unlike public house; are inevitably, if not intrinsically, bad ; but this part of the work were accomlllished,there would still be many questions to be disposed of. We should have to make up our minds whether the liquor trade ought to be open or restricted, whether the restriction should be in the form of certain requirements in the way of rental and accommodation, or should be secured by placing a discre tionary power in the hands of magistrates; or by giving a veto to the inhabitants cf each neighbourhood. For the peace of the country, as well asfor its sobriety and decency. all these questions ought to be settled. Staniard refers to Mr. Lowe's scheme for hiding the law cour:s in a hole where nobody can see them except by adventuring himself upon a penny steamboat, and declares that by the side of the Government proposi tion Sir Charles Trevelyan's plan appears at once economical, magnificent, and convenient. Mr. Lowe and Mr. Layard have mutilated the Embankment scheme, rejecting all its good and retaining all its bad features. The sum of Mr. Lowe's financial operation is this. lie could erect such law courts as he considers necessary for be has substituted lihs judgment for that of everybody at all conversant with the question, upon the Carey -street site for a net sum of about—including the money already expended-zone million and six hundred thousand pounds. This, however, he refuses to do, and embarks in a speculation which, however .favourably it may turn out, assuming the land to be acquired for £600,000, must necessarily turn out a losing one to the public. Mr. Lowe, in the name of economy, wants to make ducks and drakes of the public money to prevent the erection of a palace on rising ground, which those who have to use it can conveniently get - at : proposes at greater cost one in a 01 , 11(,w which e.in Le convenient to nobody esaTt, perhaps sf-sw of Mr. Layard's constituents, and, in a noble paroxysm Of economy, attempts to dragoon the House of Commons into the perpetration of the most costly folly— Vit b not, the most scandalous job—its annals can shew. The Times contrasts the position of a clergyman of the Chnnh ‘vitli that of a minister of a voluntary ___:l in two caws recently brought before zailomals—the cases of Mr. 'Bennett, of Frome, anc: Mr. Cordon, the pastor of_ an Todependsot chapel an Reading. The clergyman holds a .status. fixed by law. The position of the minister is fixed by private contract. The clergyman, if only be obey the law, is safe, neither congregation nor Lisle") having power to interfere with him ; whereas in many denominations, whether or not among the Independents, the minister is at the mercy of his con,gregation. In short, the clergy man's tenure is infinitely the more secure ; though that this is a doubtful advantage is, of course, open to volinitaryists to maintain, - Upon the question whether the bishop should be invested with a discretion as to the initiation of proseedingi against a elergyman, much may he said on both sides. The law, it may be urged, is made to protect the congregations ; it is they who suffer from its violation. How can tite law be equal for ail, if each judge to ha ve a fln:asos,.f, 7.1,,V,1.? WI, V . hire a discretion to inshops, who, in the matter of doctrine orceremony, are as great offenders as the clergy under their charge ? If a bishop may spare a heretic, what is to prevent him from sparing an open profligate? The law is the same both for one and the other. For these reasons Lord Shaftesbury, in his bill be fore Pa r li ament, proposes to give power to prosecute to any three inhabitant householders of the diocese who are Churchmen. On the other hand, it is necessary to look to the practical working of the system. As to immorality, no bishop is charged with being indulgent to immoral clergymen in his diocese, though he may not prosecute them, on account of the expense ; but for this the remedy lies elsewhere. Then as to doctrine, the truth is, it is not c good that the law should always be rigorously enforced. These prosecutions are often oppressive to individuals • they dist ur b th e public, beget where all s h ou ld be friendly co - operation, and entirely fail to produce doc trinal uniformity, The Herald thinks it necessary that an ample reserve of well-trained regular soldiers should be created, who should be ready to join the ranks when required. The great obstacle to its creation hitherto has consisted in the length of the recruits' engagement. Bit the new regulation, which leaves the colonies to pro vide for their own protection, and largely increases the home force, will enable the Government to snake the term of service shorter; and by passing the soldiers more rapidly through " the mill," will provide an ample supply of the best description of men for the reserve. Lord Monek, while bearing ample testimony to the patriotism of the volunteers and their utility should occasion arise for Vieir services, very properly " objects to their being reckoned among the standing forces of the country ;" b u t we canno t co i nc id e in his opinion that the total abolition of the purchase system would tend to increase the efficiency of our army. Pro motion from the ranks can only -with safety be adopted in an army raised by conscription, which ensures the presence in the ranks of men of family and such education as would qualify them for promotion. In ours, consisting of volunt eers f rom t h e l owest, most ignorant, and generally the worst-conducted class of the population, it would be simply impossible to find persons suited for commissioned officers in such numbers as would at all affect its organisation for the better ; while special provision for one portion of the men existed would not only be attended with increased- expense, but would create jealousy and discontent amongst the others. The first need of the country is a reserve of regular troops, which will place it beyond the risk of danger • and from the tenor of the debate in the Upp er H ouse on L or d ::Nfouck's motion we have every hope of the speedy realisa tion of this most necessary adjunct to our national defences, Ciinrol, as ex The Daily News says that the story of Mr. Benjamin Higgs remains something more than a nine days' wonder, even in these days. of sensational crime. If that gentle man is watching the world frOm the retirement he so opportunely sought, he has at least the satisfaction of having made a sensation. Though the crime of which he has been guilty is nothing but commonplace and vulgar felony, he may at any rate claim the advantage of the very Philistine distinction between wholesale and retail. He has been a wholesale dealer in rogueries, and the more his proceedings • are investigated the more strange and startling they become. It is of coarse easy to be wise after the event, but it does seem remarkable that Mr. • Higgs's double life should never have became hnown 'to the directors of the company. Perhaps the very immensity of the difference between Mr. Higgs of the gas office, and .111 r. Higgs of Teddin , ton, constituted part of his security. The con- Ilninst 11:e one of:the -- drPams of romance. It is of the real and the ideal. Where the this ce6ipant are at fan:t, in failing to 4ieeittel..4li44-pr;eate- eN.pendAnr , ', but in fail' liCTe sy4te - fa""Of I - tug - 01110 was fairly ey had a sys4ent so prrYeet that, even )ta:ts can devise nothing better, bat nted that it was being worked. Yet stein that Higgs at,o relied. The ter_ it ; bus lic did, and it ii-1" 11 T , W a% it rni::;it have ans,wereq theirs. position by the same tenure by e v,-re thing is-held —that . of wakefulness and watch. He was kept wide .awake by. the penalty of dig --those who iiOUl i have wadi, the d'scovery had no • 3r to keep awake, and they went on in the ice liiiiiness generally transacted. in-rasot,al supervision will always beat systems in ;tlsinc , . and_the very machiner . 7.- of accounts • :..)7a c , , , (r : Tvgn, eiwn int,re: - .t. and not, care:;il:y it la meant t.) OW; . ;.ea!;r4i * ,% - s f . raud z Isk.a.4cr cliaaaw Q 1 the S (1, ttilA Wk.r , !;rectors o'6l bob ido] eoing works: THE HORRIBLE MURDER _TN SOUTH IVALES. Mr. J. Williams, coroner for Breconshire, has opened an inquiry at Pende*,-n touching the death of Mary Jones, who lived on a farm known by the name of Nant-y-derry. The house in which deceased resided is about a quarter of a mile from any other dwelling, and for several weeks past she lived alone, her husband having died about ten weeks ago. After his death a neighbour's daughter slept with her for three weeks, and then she told the girl to go home, as her mother had work for her to do. The deceased formerly carried milk into Hirwain every day for sale, but latterly she had not done so. She was frequently heard to say that she had money enough to keep her without troubling anybody while she lived, and she was considered by her neighbours to be tole rably well off, but no one knew where she had placed ber money. A will has been found in the house, bequeathing all the property she possessed to her stepdaughter, who resides at Pontypridd. The evidence of Mr. Webster, surgeon, chewed that there was a compound fracture of the skull at the back of the head, a contuse,' mud over the left eyebrow, the left hand was charred, and the right slightly so, and the body was also burnt in several places. His opinion was that death arose from laceration and injury to the brain, probably caused by the leg of a chair. The inquiry was adjourned for a fortnight, and the coroner expressed a hope that the police, in th e meantime, would be successful in their search after the guilty pat ty ; but as yet the case is involved in mystery, THE TIPPERARY MURDER. An impression now prevails that the murder of Mr. nradshaw was not agrarian, but originated in a feeling of jealousy, excited by the habits of the deceased. There is some sense of relief in the thought that the relations of landlord and tenant have had nothing to do with the crime. It is not positively known what the immediate provocation was, but there is reason to believe that the assassin was actuated by a desire to avenge some real or supposed wrong, wholly unconnected with land. Mr. Bradshaw was remarkably quiet and inoffensive in his public capacity, but his relations in his household were not equally satisfactory, and led to much domestic unhappiness. He seems to have entertained some apprehensions of the fate which overtook him. A few weeks ago, as rumour has it, he dreamt he felt scme per son pressing his throat as he lay asleep, and next day he made his will. In the disposition of his acquired pro perty, which was considerable, he is reported to have marked his estrangement from his wife by leaving the greater part of it for the benefit of his sister's children. He had no legitimate children of his own living. The inquest was held by Dr. Morrissy, of Tipperary, one of the county coroners. The murder has produced no ordi nary excitement among the local gentry and the people. The assembly was so large that it became necessary to conduct the inquiry in the open air. Nearly all the magistrates of the surrounding distr:ct were present. A private investigation was afterwards held. Allis still remains in custody. He is the son of a tenant who was in arrear of rent, and whom it was stated Mr. Brad shaw intended to evict. At the close of the inquest the farmers present entered into a subscription for a reward fund to obtain information, and in a quarter of an hour they put down their names for £250. It is rather singular that it was the deceased who recently found the drunken man in a ditch at Cappawbite, and, seeing blood on his face, raised a groundless alarm of murder. LAW AND POLICE. THE CASE OF OVEREND AND GIIIINET.—On Wednesday the case of Overend, Gurney, and Co. was before Vice. Chancellor Malins on a demurrer. A bill has been filed to make the directors responsible for the loss the company sustained by purchasing the goodwill and undertaking the liabilities of the old company on the representation of the directors that the business of the old firm was solvent, whereas they knew that it was insolvent to the extent of £2,700,000. The directors demurred that a question of damages was not one for an equity, but a common-law court. The Vice-Chancellor overruled the demurrer, holding that it was a proper case to submit to a court of equity, and that the bill was pro. pert: !*ramed and ought to be answered. A LITERAL:: DISPUTE.—A literary inquiry of some interest has ;:ten going on in Vice-Chancellor James's court during the last clay or two. Mr. Pike, the author of a work entitled " The English and their Origin," pub. lished in May 186 G, filed a bill to restrain the publication of the defendr.:lt's book "The Pedigree of the - English People," on ti a ground th .t it was a piracy of his work. Both works arose out of a competition for a prize of 100 guineas offered by the National Eisteddfod at Aberystwith, in 1865 and 1866, for the best essay on the Origin of the :2 . Nation. The plaintiff competed in EGS, when no prize was given ; but the arbitrators ex pressed a hope that his essay would be published. lie Nblislied it in May IKG. In that year the defendant competed for the prize, which as Lin wai not awarded. The late Lord Strangford, who was the adjudicator,praise,l his essay,- highly, and after submitting the MS. to several ethnologists, the de'en !ant arranged for its publication by Messrs. Longmans. A c•ipy of the work was sent to the plaintiff for notice in the A nehropo. logical Perim, when he arrived at the conclu3ion that an unfair use had been made of his book, and filed this bill. The defendant admits liaving read the plaintiff's book, but asserts that the scheme and argmnent of his work were in existence before its publication. The case was not concluded. Dr. Irons, of Queen's College, Vicar of Bromp ton, has been elected Baropton Lecturer for 1870. Vice-Admiral Sir Alexander Milne, K.C.8., has been appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Mediter ranean Station, vice Lord Clarence Paget, whose period of service has expired. At the M,,nsion Howe, on IVednesday, Sydney T. Webb, a clerk in the employmeLt of the Provinc'al Bank ing Cotroraticn, was committed for trial on a charge of being conc,rned with another man, now uudur scntet:co of seven years' penal servitude, in forging and uttering a ch" quo fur 097 10s%, with intent to defraud. ELECTION PETITIONS.—The two special cases out of the 70 election petitions arising out of the late general Lllection have been appointed to be argued in the Court of Common Pleas on Wednesday next. The cases are New Sarum and Manchester. TUE CASE OF MADAME RACHEL. —The writ of error obtained by Madame Rachel, who remains in New. gate, is to be heard on Saturday, in the Court of Queen's Bench, when Mr. MelEsh, Q.C., and Mr. Gibbons will appear for the defendant; the Attorney• General, the Sclicitor-General, and Mr. Poland for the Crown. Ti:o error is in law--whether the court was properly conAi tuted. The Bishop of Salisbury appends L.) a circular which ne has issued to bis clergy asking th, m to make collections for the Diocesan Church Bui:ding Society the following observations :—" I cannot allow this request, which I have much reason to think may be the last public ono f may be allowed to make to my clergy, to go foal), a'ithout reminding th-rn that I am seeking their assistance in behalf of au object which must be amocgst those dearest to a Christian's heart, the worship of Gcd in His Church on earth. I would also at the same time thank them for the prayers, which I }Lave the great comfort of be lieving are bt•ing offered up foi: me by them and their con gregations, to the end that I may bear my sickness patiently, and that the sufferings of my body may by the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be made to minister to my sou:,'s rest and peace." The statistical table showing the number cf candidates who have sent in their names for the Oxfoid local examinations, which commence at the various centres on the 24th of May, has been issued. The total number of candidates is 1,636. namely, 1,200 jamors and 436 seniors; last year the number was 1,553-1,142 juniors and 411 seniors, being an increase over the year 1868 of 83. There are twenty-four centres to which can didates are sent. The most considerable of these is, of course, London, where 338 candidates were examined. 92 seniors, 246 juniors. Manchester comes next with 184, 35 seniors, 149 juniors. Liverpool had 158, of whom 53 were seniors; Bath 113, 20 seniors. Next comes Binning.. ham, 91 candidates. The lowest in the scale is Swansea, with only 12 candidates. Windsor had 19 ; Lincoln, 22 ; Exeter, Norwich, and Truro, 23 each. SUSPENDED ANIMATION.—I have read of trees remaining dormant for a season, but I shall tell you of a case that is probably unique of its kind. There used to grow against a wall of my house a Virginian creeper. It was an old plant with a stem thicker than any man's arm, and it spread across to the next honse, and my neighbour has as good a share of it as myself. By some accident the stem was broken or cut through —I think it occurred when some workmen were about the place IWell, it was cut down to the ground, and the place I was paved over for some distance round about, to . the roots of the plant were in a yard. Last summer. Ito my surprise, a strong shoot of Virginian creeper started by the edge of a paving-stone and grew four • or fir. feet. That shoot is now pushing a new growth, .and I have no doubt at all that my creeper will be restored or the very spot where it stood before. The story so f ar may appear nothing extraordinary. I must add that betweer the disappearance and the reappearance of the plant Low years have elapsed. That there may he no mistake ab9ut my meaning, let it be understood that we saw notlanz c? it tilic.u,gh four successive summers. I suppcse Soine'parf of the root, still alive, was quierl by 91ejuteagekke I irsitherilli6imbrimiariagais:77— THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY E VENING, APRIL 29, L 69. NEWS VENDORS' BENEVOLENT AND PROVIDENT INSTIT U 7 lON. The anniversary festival in aid of the funds of this charity was held on Monday evening, at the Freemasons' Tavern, Great Queen-street. In the absence of Mr. Charles Dickens, the president, Alderman Sir Benjamin Phillips occupied the chair, and amongst upwards of 200 ladies and gentlemen present were Mr. J. R. M'Lean, M.P., Mr. George Elliott, M.P., the Sheriffs of London and Middlesex (Messrs. Aldermen Cotton and Hutton), Mr. Charles Dickens, jun., Mr.:Edmund Yates, Mr. C. L. Gruneisen, Mr. F. Clements, Mr. P. Clements, Mr. Aird, &c. The usual loyal and patriotic toasts having been duly honoured, Mr. Alderman CorroN, in responding to the toast of " The Corporation of the City of London," proposed by Mr. Adams, referred to the value of the charity, and expressed a hope that it would be well supported. The CHAIRMAN proposed the toast of the evening, " Prosperity to the Newsvendors' Benevolent and Provident Institution." Before venturing to ex patiate upon the newsvendors he wished to say a few words with reference to the newspapers them selves. He then referred to the early history of newspapers, from their establishment in the 16th century, pointing out how their legitimate influence bore upon Kings, Lords, and Commons, and main tained the freedom of the people. But the ability of the literary staff and the labours of the print ing -office would go for nothing were it not for that distributing class, the newsvendors. It was for the decayed members of this great, class that he had now to plead. The institution was deserv ing of the support of all classes, and he re- gretted that its financial position was not better, and that its operations were crippled for want of funds. He drew attention to the small amount of subscriptions on the present anniversary, and ex pressed a hope that that gathering would result in an accession of at least £5OO to the funds of the charity, which he hoped would be distributed amongst the necessitous newsvendors of the day, and not be put away for the benefit of the next generation. In conclusion, he expressed regret at the absence of Mr. Charles Dickens, the president, and hoped that the society would, nevertheless, find its funds greatly increased by the proceedings of the evening. The toast having been drunk with enthusiasm, Mr. EDMUND YATES proposed in complimentary :erms " The Health of Mr. Charles Dickens." A list of subscriptions, showing a s•.atisfactory addition to the funds of the charity, was then read by the Secretary. Mr. CHAS. DICKENS, jun., in proposing " The Ladies," said that, although his father had been seriously indisposed, there was no cause for alarm. It was true that he would be prevented for some time from appearing i❑ the' capacity of a public " reader," but lie would still be enabled to attend to his literary duties, which would be conzinued as heretofore. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN. - - - A correspondent of the Star writes on the subject of women's property. He declares that good and just Englishmen cannot be aggrieved if their own practice is made the binding law on all. Supremacy unsanctioned by law will in variably deg e ne ra t e into lawlessness. Supre macy, in the sense of a right, is slowly relaxing its hold upon society. Women have the more need of protection for any property of which they may be pos sessed, as:they are excluded bycustom and law from the rich pastures apportioned by men to themselves. He affirms that if the principle of subordination and abnegation of self on one side are essential to social harmony, it had better be understood that marriage settlements are illegal. The reformers on this question are impelled by the guiding principle of modern society, and the more woman gains in independence and dignity the more she gains value in her relation to man. In conclusion, the writer says that if a mother's property cannot be ler own, regardleEs of her responsibility to her children, a father's property should come under the same strict restriction : but in a Philistine age we must be content with Philistine progress. GO( D SEWS FOR FOITOOLIIOYS. A society has been started to effect a reform in our spelling, and it has just held a meeting at Liver pool. The society do not adopt the phonetic system, which would alter 80 per cent, of the words in the English language. Th e y p ropose a milder revolution, which would affect only 20 per cent. The changes consist for the most part in omitting " unnecessary " letters, such as the letters uqh in words ending in ough, and the omission of the b in such words as debt and doubt. The advocates of this change clearly attach no value to - philology. Of course, the word det would convey no indication of its derivation from the Latin deiet ; on the contrary, it would seem to be derived from a verb which has exactly the opposite meaning, which implies that something has been given, instead of that something is owed. The advocates of this change cited W. S. Landor Fran! tin and Swift as being on their side. But these would have been the last to sanction alterations which destroyed the history of our language. There is more to he said for another change which was suggested at the meeting, namely, that all regular plurals should be formed in one way ; that words ending in y, for instance, should become plural simply by the addition of an s, instead of, as at present, by a change into ie3. The inquiry, too, amongst the slaves and others who have come out of the Soumali country resulted in nothing. Nobody had heard of the captives. THE VOLUNTEERS. In these days of army reform and military reor ganisation every little wind seems to turn public opinion about. Ten years ago the volunteers were the pets of society ; they are now the best-abused set of people in England. A military spectator of the Portsmouth Review writes to the eepraph protesting against both extremes. He admits that there is much that is anomalous, a great deal that is absurd, in connection with the force. They have no commissariat; they are badly orga nised in some respects ; they committed blunders— perhaps serious ones—at Dover; and they have done quite as bad elsewhere. But, notwithstanding, they are not therefore to be despised. They have shewn qualities of steadiness and solidity which, should occasion require, will be brought out. They know nothing as yet of military experience. But an enemy would hardly invade without notice ; and there would be time to organise, and to raise a commissariat, &c., by the time the force would bo required. The military correspondent does not say why—supposing, as he does, that the volunteers would be required in time of invasion—the organisa tion and the rasing of a commissariat, the teaching in the art of arms and war, should not be carried out rather in the calui dlys of peace than during a panic caused by fear of invasion. Most probably he knows no reason, MORE ABOUT GUNS. The Ordnance investigation, hitherto prose cuted before a Joint Committee of Congress, has developed the following, among other interesting facts:— SUMMARY OF BURST GUNS. Parrott 100-pounders (rifles) Parrott 150-pounders (8 inch rifles) Parrott 10-inch rifles Parrott 30-pounders Rodman 12-inch rifles Rodman 8-inch rifles Rodman 15-inch smooth-bore (navy) l7 Rodman If-inch smooth-bore (army) 1 I , ahlgren 150-pounders (rifles) 3 Dahlgren 80-pounders (rifles) Dahlgren 50-pounders (rifles) . Dahlgren 30-pounders (rifles) Dahlgren 80-pounders (condemned) Dahlgren 50-pounders (cond , mnod) Dahlgren 150-pounders (condemned) 6 Dahlgren 13-inch smooth-boro 1 Dahlgren 11-inch smooth-bore 1 Miscellaneous wrought and cast-iron ... 9 Burst spontaneously Cracked, fissured, or ruptured before proaf Total_ 258 Eighteen Parrott 100-pounders, in addition to the above, are muccounted for, supposed to be burst. 'Twenty-seven Parrott 150-pounders ''ere con demned by the navy. Of 43 Rodman 15-inch guns, cast for the navy, which was the greatest number in service at any one time, 17 .have burst or been disAbled. Of three 12-inch Rodman rifles, cast for the navy, one was rifled on the plan of Mr. Parrott and burst at the 27th fire ; one on the plan of At water, burst at the 30th fire ; one on the plan of Italman, burst at the 16th fire: Of four Dahlgren _ _ _ .50-pounder rifles, one burst at the 27th fire, one at the 20th fire, one at the 75th fire, and one at the 60th fire. One 13-inch gun, cast solid, at Provi dence, endured 178 fires. One 13-inch gun, cast hollow, at Pittsburgh, endured 108 fires. The navy 15-inch guns, cast on Rodman's plan, are divided by Admiral Dahlgren in his testimony into three classes :-1. The original Dahlgren model. 2. The new model by Captain Wise. 3. The new model by Captain Wise. Of the first class, 31 were cast, 17 were altered to the second class. Of these, eight were disabled—nearly half—after enduring but an average of 135 fires for each. One-fifth of the un- ' altered guns were disabled after an average of 175 fires for each gnu. Sixty-six guns were cast of the third class. The trial gun endured but 131 fires, when it was disabled. Of the remaining 65, 40 have been mounted in iron -clads, and have been altogether fired 1,333 times ; one burst, three condemned, two of them sold as old iron. One-fifth of these failed, being subjected to an average of 53 fires each. The guns above enume rated are all the 15-inch Rodtnan guns which have been fired in service, none of the army guns having been so fired. The Rodman gun was first officially adopted in 1862 by the Ordnance Board, of which the inventor and patentee was a member. When Gen. Dyer became Chief of Ordnance, in the fall of 1864, one of his first acts was to appoint Gen. Rod man Constructor of Ordnance. He raised the price of the 15-inch gun to $7,000, which was previously $6,500, and issued an order to receive the guns made under the supervision of the constructor without subjecting them to the powder-proof. Thus it can be seen that General Rodtnan has held in succession three important positions in relation to the reception of his guns, one-twelfth of the whole price of which he has received as royalty, viz. :- Ist Inventor and patentee while an officer of the United States army, and of the Ordnance Board— the power behind the throne—which adopted his invention officially for the service of the United States. 3d. Constructor of ordnance, charged with the inspection and reception of the guns in which he is interested as patentee, receiving a royalty. Two hundred and ninety-six lb-inch guns have been re ceived by the army ordnance department under this organization :-1.233 10-inch Rodtnan guns, and one hundred and fifty-five 8-inch, for which car riages and a large supply of projectiles have been pur chased. There are no data upon which to found an opinion that the. Rodman gun, if subjected to leervice test, would have any special rate of endur ance. None of them, except those referred to above as used in the navy, have been fired in battle or service. A large proportion of them have been mounted without having been fired at all. The siege and sea -coast guns purchased by the Army Ordnance Office from the Ist of July, 1861, to wspaidprincipally Parrott June 30, 1866, cost $5,354,365 51 ; of this amount, o s f ir9 t B h , isss4am2oolwmat .a s paid for for Rodman T h e rest guns. $3,230,526 52 was paid for Parrott projec tiles. $289,105 80 was paid to Mr. Parrott for coinages for his 100-pounders, 20 0 -pounders, and MO-pounders. Thu navy purchases front the Fort Pitt foundery, where the ltodman guns were prin cipally made, amounted to $2,116,052 62. The navy purchases from Mr. Parrott have not been ascertained. It is believed that more than 175 100-pounder guns were obtained. The number of the Dahlgren shell guns which have been cracked or fissured inside previous to proof, or during ex periments or service, could not be learned. The Chief of the Bureau evaded the questions relating . to the bad qualities of his own invention, while he was elaborate in his anthers as to the bad qualities' of the gulis of other iineutora...New York ,Traixo• FREE ADMISSIONS. ---- --- Some of the theatrical folk are complaining of the system which prevails of filling houses with persons who have not paid for their places. It is said that there is ha r dly a t h eatre in Lon d on w hi c h i s paying its expenses. The reason for this is said to be that most theatre -goers know where to get free admissions. They don't want to pay where they can see and hear for nothing. The managers reply that they cannot help themselves. The public will have full houses. An empty house begets a still emptier one. Cer tainly the managers ought to know their own inte rest best. But it would be worth while, as the present system does not pay. trying the new one. THE MAYNOOTIS FIGHT. The Morning Advertiser, the organ of the " NO Popery" party, s t a t es t h a t th ere will be three divi sions in which Mr. Gladstone's attempt to endow Maynooth will be res i s t e d. Mr. Whalley and Mr. Sinclair-Aytoun will take the initiative in the matter. The Advertiser does not expect that they will be successful, but hopes to show up Mr. Gladstone. The Owl believes that Mr. Gladstone will concede to the Opposition th e po i nt a b ou t th e transfer of ecclesias tical residences. (From the Anglo American Tim es.)ulic debt of This article thus opens—" The the United States amounted, on the Ist July, 1860, to a capital of £13,400,000. On the Ist July, 1865, A DIVISION WITILIOIIT A DIVIDEND. : according to Mr. M'Culloeh' s l atest report, the debt, including unlicpidated cl a i ms , exceeded ale Hou se o f C ommons h as j us t enjoyed a novelty in the shape of a division in which the numbers for £600.000,000. During bur years the Government the Ayes were 0. Sir Robert Clifton. the worthy expenditure averaged nearly £500,000 a day." The representative of th e c l ass w hose special advocate he reviewer considers ;that the c on t es t b etween the is, insisted upon dividing the House against Sir 11. Selwin-Ibb e t son ' s bill and succeeded so far as to find President and Congress alone pre ven t e d pol i t i cal another tell er , M r. Conolly, an Ulster M.P., very parties from being formed anew on fi nanc i al strong upon the Irish Church, and, it would seem, grounds on the submission of the Confederate equally strong upon public-houses. But the two States. Of the men who directed the financial tellers went to their posts to no purpose. They policy of the Johnson Administration he does not waited and waited, but not a single member gave in think highly, end. though the President interfered his name, not even Mr. Martin, the member for little, that little neither increased his reput a ti on Rochester, an d t h e two h on . gen tl emen h a d t o undergo no slight amount of chaff when the Sneaker as a financier nor as a statesman. On Mr.M'Culloch announced " Ayes none, Noes 232." and his subordinates fell the labour and re- QUESTIONS AND NOTICES. ' sponsibility. That gentleman gained his financial An improvement has been made in the arrange- experience in Indiana, when that State was a part ment of the parliamentary notices. Hitherto notices of " the West," and so skilfully conducted the State of questions have been huddled up with notices of Bank that it maintained specie payments in 1857 motions. They are henceforth to be kept distinct to the great convenience of members and of all when all its rivals had suspended. On Mr. Chase, persons who take in the parliamentary papers. Some the Secretary, in 1861 converting the bank-note very important questions will be asked to-night. circulation into a national currency, he selected Lord-John Manners will inquire if the Chief Seem- M. ru oc APC II h for Comptroller of the Currency. tary for Ireland intends to propose ~ any measure for In 1864 Mr.lChase was succeeded by SenatorFessen the better security of life in Tipperary and West meath. Viscount Enfield will ask if Mr. Bruce's den, who, after nine months, returned to the Senate attention has been drawn to the decision of the in preference, and M‘Culloch was promoted to be Middlesex mag i s t r at e s with regard to the Haymarket Secretary of the Treasury. The Reviewer describes night-houses. Mr. White will ask if church rates Mr. M'Culloch as good in his judgment and advice, cannot be levied and enforced under the l oca l ac t s; and, if so, whether Government is p re p are d t o relieve unquestioned in int egr ity, patient, hopeful, courage parishes from such compulsion. ous ; hut he lia , i no weigh t, no in fiuence,easy in temper, Some of the n otices of motion also are important. and inclined toyield; therefore, however forcible and Mr. Lefevre (who is a member of the Government) just his remarks, no one attended, Congress seized will ask for a return of the names and the capital of all life insurance companies r eg i s t ere d s i nce 1844, his functions, and left him to c irry out its policy and the particulars of any amalgamation or with which he had only a moderate sympathy. winding up that has taken place. Mr. Headlam will Mr. Rollins was neutralized 'by political jealousies, ask for full particulars about the Riuderpest. and Mr. Wells' dutiOs were consultative only. Con- Colonel Li n dsay will ask what the Government gress distrusting the - Executive assumed some of its intend to do in consequence of Sir Hope Grant's functionsbeen statement, that " the volunteer forc e canno t b e rea lly , but unfortunately the members had serviceable if it is not placed while u n d er arms un d er taught to regard with contempt mere administration some more stringent military control." Mr. Railecs compared with the moral questions on which they will call a tt en tion to the position of parliamentary were returned. " Th e l ea d ers of Congress, brought agents at elections, Sir George Jenkinson to turnpikes ; and Mr. Norwood means to move on • ,they. of committees up as had been to study moral abstrac tions alone, carried, as heads . going into committee on the Imprisonment for Debt Bill, that _it is not expedient to abolish such imprison ment without extending the power of . the judge for and framers of bills, the wildest financial theories into practical effect. They undertook, with the aid committal i n or d er to secure the payment of small of their boldest and ablest member, the late Thad debts. In other words, Mr. Norwood wants to give dens o f Cong Stevens,of Pennsylvania, economy by Act lvania, the tallyman still greater hold ove r th e un f or t una te the ress, and y Cornish miners who suffer from e x t ravagan t wives political to make laws of than he now possesses. succeeded so far as to throw the economical fabric - • of society into an unnatural and unsound condition, likely to laSt many years, and to cost the, nation either a more or less violent shock if corrected, or a still severer blow to its credit and honour if al lowed to become chronic." The Reviewer then goes on to discuss "ri ngs " an d their influence , asserting that " no bill that has money in it is said to have a chance of becoming law without paying tax to some one in its passage. On the surrender of the South grerneeat,rnhiihets t t h h e e emba t as e sm k embarrassment notfetnheeeli'lr 7 0 7 0 7 0, was people o of Seven-Thirty nwes, and from that time there has always been a surplus instead of a deficiency. The• financial difficulties belong to the two gasses ; those which relate to the m anagement of the debt, including the depreciated Legal- fender currency, and those which relate to revenue: Mr. M'Culloch turned his attention first to the Curt ency, but Con gress declined to give him supreme power in deal ing with it; limiting him to withdraw £2,000,09 of greenbacks in six ' months, and afterWarle £Boo,ooo' 'per month. After reducing the amount from £80,000,000 to £73,000,000.hard times came ; a cry was raised.-against contraction, and Mr. M•Culloch yielded; .and stopped redemption. On the meeting of Congress, in spite of the Secretary's protest, a: Bill was passed withdraWing the power of contraction. The Reviewer defends Mr. APC ul loch's policy in accumulating a large gold reserve in the Treastiry tceencoueage.tegular trade and to discourage speculators, and he managed to liquidate £260,000,000 of teniporary..obligations within three years after the war,.._.morethan £125,000,000 being' actually paid out of surplus revenue; - hnt . he 'is of -opinion_that alLEngland considers him to.be in erre'. in .devotinveo large . a sum to the discharg e Of: a . . . . ...... ._._ - debt - iihlie industry was suffering under such de - structive - iaxation. An excellent summary of the attacks qn the national credit is the n g i ven ; t h e proceedings of . Congress ; of the politicians to make political capita] ; the real feeling of the nation ; and what the repudiators got for their pains. All which-is:familiar to our readers, and we are glad to see how allmirably correct the " Review" is. The Reviewer proceeds to discuss the way in which the ' Government raised the necessary revenue. There was no want of money, for the country was very wealthy, the Northern States being untouched by the war; but how to collect it proved the problem. The excessive taxes imposed were destructive to healthy industry and violated every economic law. - After enumerating these imposts, " Perhaps - the most mischie vous tax of all, l all e , which eat. into the heart of society like a cancer, was that which resulted from the additional profit charged by every tradesman or manufacturer, as a compen sation, for the risks to which h i e was subjected by the daily fluctuations of the Currency." To this system and to this vitiated currency the Reviewer attributes the corruption which has undoubtedly been developed. %Productive pursuits ceased to STREET TRAMWAYS.. Unless the House of Lords interposes its arm, London will soon be supplied with tramways. The select committee of the 'louse of Commons has agreed to the details of three schemes, and the substitute for the crazy, l um b er i ng omnibus will, it is to be hoped, soon have a trial. If successful, the " trams" will ere long bo laid down throughout London, Will spread . to the towns of the provinces, and create a revolution in locomotion second in importance only to that caused by the introduction of . steam. The experiment will be watched with the greatest interest. • Laabur44 LoYiew : " April, 16C4'. THE PERMISSIVE BILL. An important meeting was held at Manchester on Tuesday night in favour of the Permissive Bill. Some of the leading men of the neighbourhood spoke. Mr. Birley, the Conservative, member for Man chester, said he "Had often felt that, however anxious they might be to promote temperance, and however willing they might be to impose sacrifices upon themselves, yet it might be-a question how far they had a right to impose those sacrifices upon others. But when he considered that in the progress of legislation it was sometimes necessary to curtail and diminish the freedom of the individual for the general good, it certainly appeared to him that the present was an occasion upon, which that principle might be fully carried out. He believed that if the bill was adopted in any large portion of a c'tc, that that portion would become the favourite residenca of the respectable inhabitants. It was distressing to know that, at the present time, a respectable working man e ;pc. rienced the greatest difficulty in finding a home for his family in a locality where they were not exposed to sounds and scenes which they ought not to see and hear. Last year he visited many towns in Germany, nod be made it his study to see whether there were to be sewn there the d egra di ng sights which met the eye at every turn in this country; hut he observed a marked difference. A degree of quiet and order prevailed in .the lower parts of the towns which could not be found in this country amongst the sa me orders of sock ty. Th e evil . of druhleen ness had risen to a height N% hich must be earnestly. grappled with by both the people and the Legislature." . . • THE CAPTIVES I N T H E 501.731AL1 COUNT RY. During the e x c ite ment caused bythe-Successful termination of the war in Abyssinia efforts were put forth in this country, to obtain - an interest in some very apocryphal white slaves, who, it was said,..were being detained in the Soumali country. The .story told was most romantic. A ship called the St. Abbs had been wrecked off the coast of Soumali on the west of Africa. Certain of the crew managed to escape dro IT fling, and were cast up . on the shore where the " w ild Af ricans " live. Th os e most interest ing persons had no pity on - the -. shipwrecked Sailors, but took theminto the interior of the "country and sold then' . for slaves. That they were still alive was said to have been attested by certain: inscriptions on the skins which came from - the neighbourhood where they were supposed to be held 'in bondage. The story was investigated. how it arose nobody knew. Certain it was that nearly every statement on which it might be supposed to rest fell to the ground. Thera were left only the two facts that a ship was wre3l,:cd, tin,i that skins inscribed with Roman literals had conic to the coast. This was considered sufficient to call for a private expedition. The Oovernment • ordered every inquiry to be .made. fir. IL A. Churchill, C. 8., her Majesty's political agent at Zan zibar, writes to the Foreign Office reporting that Mr. Heale, who had been sent to Brava, has learnt nothing respecting the men. The sum of 8100 was offered for every captive, but no response was made during the six - n:onths that Mr. Bede was at Brava front an:7 1-41.rter, although the most infl uen ti a l . 4 4 4Q1 Ufikva Qa4uic teat ffix luaawalairiainas,,, THE DUKE OF HAMILTON. A Glasgow paper announces that the Duke of Hamilton is about to give up the turf, and will sell his horses. We do not know if this intention is due to disgust at being blackballed by the Jockey Clnb, but we do know that it will be he wisest step which his Grace ever took. His career has been only one degree less of a " frightful example" than that of the Marquis of Hastings. The sums that the owner of two dukedoms has lost on the turf are something prodigious TIIS SEASO'N. The London season has commenced, and the xttetropolis is full. Full too at a time when the country is so very beautiful. All theireat families have left their mansions, parks, and lawns, with the freshness of spring upon them, and are now helping to choke the over-full, and certainly not lovely, metropolis. Why is this ? Fashion, we arc told, it inexorable. No matter that real enjoyment cannot be had. Excitement can, and the onemust makeup forthe other. Moreover, materfamilias urges that she wants her daughters to marry. And so she leaves the more healthy country and comes to ruinously expensive London,' there, • amidst the feverish whirl of balls and parties, to get her daughters mated for life. The LailyaVezes asks whether all this is necessary : " We would ask if everybody cannot be seen an&every• body get married without everybody rushing up to London for the purpose at a certain time, and that time the most delicious one of the rural year? We fancy that folks married and gave in marriage before the days of the iron rail, and still go through those indispensable ceremonies in countries where iron rails and their con verging points at a metropolis are as yet wholly unknown. As for free and frequent intercourse with comparatively distant neighbours, that, no doubt, was a matter difficult of attainment before steam was applied to locomotion; but the very same ease and rapidity of moving about which we now owe to railways can surely be utilised in carrying people from county to county, and from one part of the country to another, as in carrying them all up to London." AMERICAN FINANCE, 1665-1869.* yield a return comparable to the rapid gains of trade and speculation--the rural districts threw their surplus population into the great cities, which, in spite of the rise in rents and cost of living, rapidly grew. The currency acted as a violent spur to speculation and as a screen to profits ; smuggling became a system and fraud a habit. This state of things attracted the serious attention of Congress, and the still more serious attention of really patrio tic citizens, but though Congress stormed, it did DO thing effectual to check the tide. The system of officering the Government service was ingeniously contrived to give force to the current; but, not withstanding the efforts made in both Houses, no change took place. We write from memory, but the Reviewer does not appear fully to appreciate what a tremendous check corruption would receive in the passage of such a bill as that of Mr. Jenckes, of Rhode Island. Ile asstrts with truth what Mr. Wellsaffirtns, that the effect of greenback currency to mike the rich richer and the prior poorer ; to make speculation a trade, and to generate huge corpora tions, whose wealth and power create oligarchies in their States. Strong and severe as is the article, we are bound tosay that the writer has put down naught in malice, and its point and force 2re derived from its simple truth. Although the overflow of corruption, leaving its slimy traces all over the country, breeding plagues in its malaria, is not a pretty picture for Americans to contemplate. They do not object to hear the truth from a foreign critic. It is below what their own papers state to be the case, and the Reviewer can substantiate all he says from official documents. Still we hold with the Hon. Thomas A. Jenckes that it is but a temporary phase, one of those manias which follow other periods of excite ment, and which end in a general smash when people will awake to a stern reality, and learn by experience that they must not only be honest them selves, but force their neighbours to be honest as well ; and that any lapse from this rule will surely tend against the weal of society. It is but the scum which has boiled up to the surface that we see, while beneath it is clear and pure. Before the war there were those who affirmed that all martial quali ties had died out in the trading, peddling Yankee, yet the world knows how this was belied by events. We hope the first step in reform is the passage of the Civil Service Bill ; that the Courts and Legisla tures will be purified ; but, above all, that society will learn to stigmatize crime, and cease to hold that success makes any difference. 211 E PACIFIC RAILROAD. The Union Pacific Railway fight continues un abated, indeed grows in dimensions and crops up everywhere. In Utah, in Washington, and in New York it excites great interest s ; in the courts and in the Legislature it is the all-absorbing topic. De bate has followed debate, recrimination has followed recrimination, and the public are , utterly at a loss to judge of the merits of a case wherein the de fendants openly proclaim on the witness stand.; and in the halls of the Legislature the rascality of the plaintiffs, and the plaintiffs assert as confidently the rascality of the defendants. In the examina tion there is a wide discrepancy between the affi davits sworn to, and the evidence given, and in Congress the speeches on the subject deal very freely with the characters of the directors. Senator Stewart, of Nevada, made a savage attack on both the Union Pacific Railroad Company and the Credit Mobilier. The latter he asserts to have de feated the law which intended the stock to be open for subscription by subscribing a little, then closing the books, and building the road out of the enor mous subsidies obtained for bonds. The Senate con cluded by passing a motion to direct the President to fix the point of junction according to the legal rights of the respective roads ; and another motion was agreed to, offered by Mr. Davis, of Kentucky, to investigate whether or not the character and all the franchises of the Union Pacific Railroad and its branches have not been forfeited, and to execute all necessary legal proceedings if they have ; second, to investigate whether the said company has not made illegal dividends upon its stock, and if so to execute the necessary legal proceedings to have the same reimbursed ; and third, to investigate whether any of the directors, or agents, or employes of the company have or have not violated any penal law, and if so to institute the proper criminal proceed inois againsts all of them who have done so. The House Committee on the Pacific Railroad, after hearing argiunents for and against the Union and Central Pacific RAilroads, decided to suggest the adoption of a resolution asking the House to autho rize the continuance of the investigation and the taking of testimony during the recess of Congress. A joint resolution was eventually passed by Con gress, after long and adjourned debates, by the Senate. It provides that stockholders of the Union Pacific Road shall bold a meeting in Boston on April 22 to elect directors and estab ish the general office at such place as they may select ; that Ogden shall be the point of junction of the two roads ; that the Union Pacific shall continue laying the track until reaching Promontory Summit, but the Central Pacific shall pay for and own the same from Ogden ;- that the President shall appoint Gotninissionera to • examine into the condition of the roads, and shall withhold a,sufficient amount of bonds to insure their completion as first-class roads in every respect, and that the Attorney-General shall institute an exa mination as to whether the two roads have forfeited heir franchises, and, if so, to proceed against them. tithe House Committee agreed to withhold,from both companies the bonds on the 80 miles of road 'be tween Monument Point and Ogden until the ques tion of junbtioa was settled, a decision which quickly brought the companies together to arrange thair differences. In the meantime the legal squabbles progressing in New York are becoming a bore. The affidavits, the speeches of counsel, the ruling of judges are interminable; however, the latest de velopment is of interest, namely, that a clerk of Mr. airrant has credited to his private account $5,000,000, against which. the Union Pacific draw eheques when it wants money. By direction of the Secretary of War, the . military route of travel to the Paciiie coast is fixed by the Pacific Railroad, an I $2OO advance mileage will be paid to officers under orders from the East to California, Oregon, &c. PRICE OF GOLD. ► lie quotation ot• gold at Paris is ' about at par, and t .e short exchange on London is tst. 17.1. per .£1 ncoinparin:: these . rates wits► the Engl►sh Stint price of toid. per ounce tor standard gold, it •appe..^s that gold at the above price is of abut the came value in Lon oa and Parts. The course of exchange at I\ ow York on London for bilis at 60 days' right was on the last date about 1 81 percept At this rate there is no profit un the Importation of goto Llnn . the Unt.ctt :3tates. LUXURIANT. AND BEAUTIFUL RAIR.--111 RS: S. A • ALLEN'S WORLD'S HAI4 RESTORER OR DRESSING never fails to quickly restore Grey or Faded Hair to , its youthful 'colour and beauty, and with the first appli*ion a beautiful gloss and de lightful fragrance is given to the Hair. It stops the Hair from falling off. It prevents baldness. It promotes luxuriant growth; it causes the Hair to grow thick and strong. It removes all dandruff. It contains neither oil nor dye. In large Bottles Price Six 'Shillings. Sold by most Chemists and Perfumers Depot 26G, High Holborn [ADVERTISE MENT.]— Dyspepsia (Indigestion), Constipation, Debility, Consumption, and all nervons; bilious, stomach, and liver complaints in every Stage, are only aggravated and accele rated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Du Barry's health -restoring Revalenta Arabia" Food, as proved by thousands of cases which had bean considered hopeless, such as —cough. asthma, also diarrhoea, hcemorrhoids, liter complaints, flatulency, nervousness, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, •diphthe• ria, catarrhs, colds, influenza, noises in the head and ears, rheu matism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irrita bility, aleeplessners, acidity, palpitation, heartburn, headache, debility;, dropsy, cramps, spasms, nausea, and sickness, even in pregnancy or at sea, sinking fits, bronchitis, scrofula, tightness of the chest, pains at the pit of the stomach and between the shoulders, &e. We quote a few :—The Pope's health restored by Du Barry's Food. Cure No. 68;413—"sIome, July 12, 1804—The health of the . Holy Fatber is excellent, especially since, abandon ing all other remedies; he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta Ara)fica FOOd, of which ne consumes a plate ful at every meal. H has produced a surpiisingly beneficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too highly.—From the "Gazette du Midi," July 25. Cure No. 46,270 Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant, of Frimley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness. Cure No. I,77l—Lord Stuart do Decies, Lord-Lieut. of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia. No. 49,832—" Fifty years' indescribable - agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly." Important Caution.— Beware of Abe many unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which. without authority, Baron Liebi6's name is most auda ciously attached. - In tins, at ls. lid.; 1 lb. 2s. M.; 2 lbs. 4s. 611 ; 5 lbs. 115.;_12 lbs, 228. 4 lbs, 40s. Also Du BARRY'S BEVALEN T A A F I ICA CHOCO LATE POwDED. is packed in tin canisters; for 12 cups a; 25., for 24 cups at3s. 6d., for 48 cups at 65., for 288 cups at , Os., foi 576 cups at 55e.—being about one penny per cup. The 30s. and 555. tins aro sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post Of Order.—BAßßY DU BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent street, Lon den; s alltiroctro auci o;lcnaigte, CRIME IN PHILADELPHIA. TWITCHELL'S CONFESSION AND DEATH. —For those of our readers who do not know the circumstances, we may mention that a man named Twitchell, holding a good position in society in Philadelphia, was COw victed, after a fair trial, of the murder of Mrs. au!, his mother-in-law, whose body was dis s covered lying beneath the window of her house, from which she had been thrown. It appeared evident on investi gating the room that the old lady had been murdered when asleep on the sofa, and that the perpetrato r had cast the body through the window. TW' it :, enell ani his wife were a rres t e d on susp i c i on an d tried ; the former was found Guilty and condemned to death, tne latter being Acquitted. The atrocitY of the ace, coupled with the social position of t IP-3 accused, excited towards this case an unusual degree of attention. Every effort that money or interest could exert was made to save the culprit ; and, these failing, be was supnosed, in cull" junction with his wife, to have made a CollieS' ihrwNiug the guilt on her, who, as already acquitted, could nut again be tried. Its contessi)a is its follows :—" I went to my roma on the night of the murder, and instead of going to bed I Isi 1 down ou the lounge in coy room and fell asieLT. .11y wife was in bed at the Lime. I was roused pY her repeated calls, and ran down to the dining' rum, where I found her much excited, saying, have had a quarrel with mother and kilted her.' uo not kuuw whetuer she said, save ale!' • Help me, nide me!' but at last we threw the WAY of iurs. Hill out of the window, to wake it look a it sue led out. I went down stairs aim wasued wY muftis and lace at the hydrant, then went W my room, undressed, and went to. bed. My wile caine up atterwartis and gut into bed, where we staid until Sarah Uainpued rung the bell. I think W° were in bed ttli ur twenty 1111ULIleS. I made 8 tiOIeLLIU VOW to the eternal (iota that night that nouid never reveal it, out I CaLILIUL keep it all longer. I fun Surly that 1 have said 1 kuew nothing of it, but 1 did it with the vow in my mind, and tO save my wile. 1 now make these disclosures that may have peace with tiod. (sighed) GEonGE wiTcliEhh, Jut,. In presence of the lieu. iieurgd liiiuguurst and %i imam ii. Perkins." SnortlY atter me conlessiou, but before it was published, Mrs. 1 witchell visited her husband for the last time, and had a COUVeI64IIOII with the Rev. 6- • liringhurst. From him sue learned, in respohSJ to her eager questions, that Twitchell had Confessed' , and connect e d h er w i t h the murder. " lheel exclaimed Alas. Twitcuell, "he is a villain, the greatest villain ou the face of the earth. On ask ing whether he iuteuded to make any statement, uu the scaffold she was answered that he did. 'llw kuowietige appeared to disconcert her that news" paper reporters would be present. She did not re peat her visit, but lett the city shortly atter, a id It was wen falsely rumoured that she was tie' where to be found. 144c:hell, on learning that Briughurst had published his coulession, de - CliAred IC 10 have been against his desire and con sent, as he only wished it to become known alte r his execution. While asserting its cliscrepaucies to be tile best proof of its truth, he was unable to tell whether his wife was dressed or not when she called him down, being, he declared, so stunned by what she had told him. When questioned more closely on the mot ves of his coulessiou, lie said, "I did it because my wile deserted the. Be fore last Friday week she called to see me twice a week, but always seemed in a hurry to get away , and did not show any affection for me. On the ye' casiou of her last visit theofficer of the prison told her LII4L from that time out she might see me every day if she des red. When leaving I said to be t, Cainilia, there must be Some light thrown upon this thing.' She only replied, I will come 5 0011 again.' She then left, and I haven't seen he r since. I think it hard that she should abandon use now after the sacrifices' I • have made for her. It immediately after her acquittal she had told me the whole tenth; I believe my life would have been `saved. I see the shameful death I am to die oa Thursday, but I would not change places with her , fur I will die with the consciousness of yielding till my life for a faithless and criminal wife, while she will live, after Thursday, with my blood added to her soul, which is already stained with that of her another. The truth will perhaps never be kn'Ab, for when Thursday dawned the day on which , he was to b 3 executed, Twitchell was found by his keeper dead iu his bed. On the previous' night he gave Mr. Bringhurst the key with which lie had wound up his watch, remarking, it was the last tinic.. Ile saw Eaton, who was to be executed the wine day, and remarked, " Jerry, you will have to go alone, I will not be with you, but mum's the word.'' On this being told the officers of the prison, his cel l was carefully searched, even the locking-glass being taken away. Ile suffered intense mental agony when visited by three Catholic priests, and evinced an overivhelinang terror at his impending fate. At 12 o'clock he was walking about his cell,'b at .2 a.in. when th e ke ep e r l oo k ed in he was in b 1) therbianket over his head. When next the keeper vizuied him it was 5.15 , when the blanket Wa s thrown down to his middle ; and his face looked deathly, though the neck was still warm the limbs were rigid and cold, his mouth open, his hands clenched, and discovered he was dead. There Was a piece•of liquoricJ with the end bitten off, but 1)r• Suapleigh discovered a bottle wrapped in paper jo the toe of a boot half tilled with a solution .of cyanid e of potassium, the other portton having evidently oeeti pJured into a tin cup and swallowed by the prisoner as he lay .in bed.. Thus perished TwiEchell) wno commenced his career of crime by a timid, which he followed by a murder, then by a coil' fession believed to be a lie, and lastly by suicide• So deep was the interest in the case that thn Ledger of Wednesday had to be repriuted,,a thing wljicb never before occurred in Philadelphia, and we find that most correct of journals with the Wednesday heading still over the Thursday's paper. Th e Even ing Situ: of that city sold 95,000 copies, said to be the largest edition ever printed by a Philadelphia chilli . paper. Gerold Eaton 'slept comfortably whi le i witehell was in the agonies of death, then got UPI took his bath, ate his breakfast, bid his wif e fart well, and, as the DOOSJ was being adjusted, b ° turned to the person who was fixing it, and said, "So heap use God, I did not do it." Ills body wa s acted oc by a galvanic battery ; the eyes were opened, the heart pulsated, and one arm was raised under heavy charges.. It was - on the night of the 12th of June that he, while drunk, met limotbi lieenau and attempted to shoot him, but was re: strained by his companions. The party visited other saloons, and, at a later hour, encountered, Heenan on the street, whe n E a t on ma d e a second unsuccessful attempt to discharge his pistol at Subsequently, however, while Heenan was ended,' vouring to help a friend, who wad drunk, out of the street, he came close to Eaton and his party : an d was shot, and died next morning. Eaton and one of his associate, were arrested and put on trial for murder, of which he was found guilty, and, aft er being respited by Governor Geary, was finallf executed. - Births. ASSHETON'—On the 20th inst., the wife of Ralph Asshetolit Esq., M.T., of a daughter. DORMER—On the 27th inst., at Shaftesbury House, gen siugton, the Hon. Mrs. Hubert Dormer, of a daughter. Marriages. BATHURST—RIBTox—On the 24th inst., at St. George'l Hanoy6r-square Lieut.-Colonel Herv e y Bathurst, O f the Grenadier- (Lards, - to Ada, only dau g ht e r 0f..1r . Ribton, Bart. HACKMAN--BLIGHT— 011 the 28th inst., at St. Mary' o 9 Bidt ford, William George Hackman, Esq., of Choltuie); House ' Long Ditton, Surrey, t o C aro li ne , third dauglite of the lute W. S. Blight, Es 1., of Bideford. Deauis. BECK WITH—Ou the 2 7 th inst., Mr. Charles Beckwith , of Milner-square, Islington, and Oat-lane, E.O. BLANCHARD —Ou th e 28th inst., at the Red House, 31 t r .r street, lia,kney, Mr. Henry Louis Blanchard, a ged 1 0 11, MuNDAY—On the 27th inst., at 11, Sing-street, Snow -111 Dr. (Mallets Munday, aged 58. London : Printed and Pabliehed by WILLIAM A.ND II z of No. 112, Stra n d, P r i nter, at 2 Na SUN Odle, ,f strand, in the Preeinet o f t h e 69 voy n the Coultv Iliddlesez.—Thursday, Apiil 20, ietn. t(INAHAN ths tlold P iiM tu i e ld s , Agents in the' 8 GREAT observeh_ the R e( LL "Whisky. UTUAL ! t 5 0 13 . 1 e d V or Le a a : l o h e ° 0 14, RUSSELL "OES MO' 15,1 weokly, mot ' ti ring free on rec ROYAL nuareat SUCCeSgI, to_"•—`ir. k rUn ueR eates in the 0 grt entr" Zonderral „err and Kn `ateAuted artistes. h „, ° Pen at 7(j l v• 4 vate box eaf OF er MAC . 14 A DAME (or o puke - q t re n~isaia rich) hat the • I '. niorniurr unti .4 11 ,GYL1 4nr; have VE been ' C mint o. The e NIN E an attractive P mince Music. WI; ......._. !tragical Dir -----_______ •• THE A bow Luncheon '" deviling 1,4 0111aIxAL AN A SIILE V erY Pine Pale O ld Crush e d P ot Vic Sparkling Chan] l erY, Qualite Si Sample c ases bottles Sherry, t GAR] 8711 . A r, 8 , 8, next tt Ignee for I iebrated PALL tVeau Winef ulskies x , from " 0 be Reen at t "other of Hote of others wanted ROURNTITI nitNAME k-• and Dini Portr n --.. „ ”ut of V, ';sktt. Inkstand in Italian, Spa a',.° AN T, WO., London. Mr. Tpnnant MINERALS, of tyall'a Eien fatA th,„, inter GEOLOGY, a nin.as onch. PTtAnTff MINERALOG 119, Strand. TRE Lit Of Thn Inv , lsto Tlo Eiro Revenue t rnodortt La n us (or too "h i ( ' as SPE m r ender the 1' loivo • • , ranto, thirty days aft( ING'S street, A t - PEAL for Assis g Londonoc:ar na it titre 4.17 a: tha : ‘ B 7 .t B uh i 3 5i 7 4 9 1 The sei r B I : te ri A S h B r P B i s e : c t E r tt ; B u ye k el r: Whereby t eee a : l ey i o fi io :ie,t.f VATTON. Richrnot Gllrla of all ugh education, laundry, tc _Provided stumble eituatic entirely sustain °fi lo% 121. pa fill IT I S Macken2 Patron-1 Por the g ' destitute ornh " (1 of all "d, Prowperous ci stitutiohn ; am] one u ndr( Increased I endowed, and assistance. finbscriber., institution a h a r poon] cl Se cr h l ast eetary. • °Mem, 78,• ta n ker lane • and M 4 TINALTH RES 11J BAR "L' and In