The Sun. — London, England, 1859-11-02 00:00:00

THE AMERICAN MINISTER IN CBINA.E TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK TIMES. Sir,—l have just received a letter from Mr. Ward, our Minister in China, which, though not intended for publication, contains so much that is interesting to the world, and especially to the American world, that I cannot refrain from send ing you some part of it for publication in your widely . read paper. M. " United States' frigate Powhattan, off the Peiho River, June 30. _ _ " My dear —, —On the morning of the 16th vie left Shanghai for the mouth of the Peiho having in tow the Toey-wan, a boat chartered by Commodore Tatnall, in which I was to ascend the Peiho as far as Tien-tsin. We arrived here on Tues day morning, the 21st inst., just before daylight. We found near us the following vessels :—Her Bri tannic Majesty's ships Chesapeake, Highflyer, Fury, M igtcienne, Cruiser, Nimrod, Cormorant, transport ship Assistance . (steam), steam storeship Hesper, Plover, a gunboat, and the Coromandel, tender to tile Chesapeake; French steam frigate Du Chayla, and her tender, the Nosogary. These vessels, with the Powhattan, were all anchored about ten miles from the forts at the month of the river, which have been rebuilt since last year. The coast is so shallow as to render nearer approach im possible for large vessels. " About three miles from the month of the river and from the forts there is a bank about a mile wide, across which no vessels of greater draught than 10 feet can go even at high water. When that bank has been passed, you are in the channel of the river, distant from its mouth about three miles in a direct line from the forts. On our arrival here the following vessels were anchored over that bar, within about two miles from the forts :—The gun boats Kestrel, Janus, Forester, Haughty, Lee, Opossum, Starling, and Banterer. " The day we arrived the wind was so high that nothing could be done. The next day, Wednesday, it was blowing a gale and raining very hard. On Thursday the English Admiral called upon me, and said he had been up to the month of the river, and found it so obstructed by chains as to render fur ther progress impossible without their removal ; that he had sent his boat on shore to say that the English and French Ministers had arrived on their way to Pekin, and to require that the obstructions should be removed, so as to enable them to proceed. The reply was that these obstructions had been placed there, not to prevent the Ministers from going to Pekin, but to keep out the rebels ; which was of course untrue, as the rebels have no boats and never approach by water. They said also that this was not the mouth of the Peiho—that the en trance to the Peiho was 10 or 15 miles north, and there the Ministers must goif they wished to reach Pekin. For this northern entrance I refer you to my official - letter to the Secretary of State. They promised, however, to remove the obstructions, but instead of performing their promise they went on completing them. The Admiral also informed me that he had subsequently given the Chinese notiee that he would proceed to remove these obstructions himself on Saturday msrning, the 25th inst., as Messrs: Bruce and De Bourboulon, finding the doors closed upon them, had instructed himto open them. " I frankly told the Admiral that my position was very different from that of the English and French Ministers ; that their treaties were made at a time when they were at war with the Chinese —and that if their provisions were violated they might consider themselves thrown back into the war which had been terminated or suspended by the treaty ; that the American treaty, on the con 1, had been made with a natio n w ith w h om I Nve ir Kad never been at war, and that if any of its provisions were violated the proper remedy must be judged of by our Government, to which I should refer the matter, but that I had been instructed by the President of the United States to go to Pekin, and that I should go until stopped by a force which I could not overcome • that Commodore Tatnall and. I would, the next day, cross the bank in the Toey wan and proceed as far as we could, or until_we were fired upon. " The next morning, Friday, the 24th, Commo dore Tatnall, with his flag-lieutenant, and I, with my brother, the interpreters and attaches of the Legation, went on board the Toey-wan about 8 a.m., and proceeded towards the river. We passed at anchor outside the bank the Cruiser and the steam storeship Hesper. " After passing the bank we found at anchor about a mile a half from the mouth of the river the gun boats heretofore mentioned as over the bank, and also the Coromandel, to which the Admiral's flag had been transferred, the Nimrod and the Plover, and the French gunboat Nosogaray, making in all 10 gunboats and three small vessels, carrying about 40 guns and 600 men. Anchored with these vessels were three large junks, of which the English had taken possession, and upon which they had about 700 men intended as recruits for the vessels, and as a force with which at a proper time an attack by land was to be made upon the forts. We passed all these vessels on our way, determined not to be stopped except by actual force. Fortunately. for us we ran aground when within half a mile of the forts. This was not to be wondered at, as no officer on board the They-wan had ever crossed the bank or bar. "At the time w'e grounded the tide was falling rapidly. The English Admiral immediately sent his flag-lieutenant in the Plover to say that he ex pected to see us fired upon at every moment, and when the tide fell the boat would probably keel over. He tendered to Commodore Tatnall the use of the Plover, requesting him to hoist the American ensign at the peak and his own flag at the mizenmast. The commodore declined to accept this kind offer, but said he would be glad of the services of the boat to pull him off. Au effort to do this was made, but was unsuccessful, and the Plover left us and returned to the line which the admiral was forming. _ _ _ " About ; I p.m. the flag-lieutenant of Commodore Tatnall was sent on shore with the interpreters to inform them that I was on board the steamer on my way to Pekin. The reply I received was that we could not go by that river—that there was no officer of any rank there—that those who were there could receive no communication of any kind 'whatever—indeed, that there was no one there who could read or write—that they had heard that the Emperor had ordered the Governor-General to meet the Ministers at whatthey called the north entrance to the river, which they said was ten miles distant. 'They thought that the Governor-General would probably be there that day or the next. " About 8 o'clock in the evening we fortunately succeeded in getting the steamer off. By that time the Admiral had formed-a line extending from the junks to our position. The commodore, fearing that u light moving about our boat during the night might be mistaken for some signal in the admiral's squadron, ordered the steamer to drop below the line and anchor near the junks. About 12 o'clock we heard an explosion. This was the blowing up of the first barrier across the river, and it was fol lowed by two guns from the forts. The rest of the night everything was quiet. " It was evident in the morning, from the posi tion of the vessels, that the battle would be com menced some time during the day. All the vessels mentioned as over the bar were as near to the en trance of the river as they could get. It was ascer tained that three barriers hod been erected across the river at tho distance of 20 yards from each other. On the left bank of the river were three or four large forts admirably built of mud, and connected with each other by shore batteries. At the mouth of the river was one very large fort, from which the heaviest guns were fired. On the right-hand side of the river were three forts, connected by shore batteries. Within these forts and batteries it was afterwards ascertained there must have been from 20,000 to 25,000 men. At 2.45 p.m. the Star ling, havinc , the Admiral's flag flying, commenced ascending the river, followed by the Plover, the , other vessels remaining at anchor. As soon as the Starling had passed the barrier blown up during the night the forts commenced firing. All the ves sels returned the fire, and the balls flew arouvel like hailstones. Before the firing had lasted half an hour, however, we could see from our vessels that the English were suffering far beyo n d th e i r antici pations, and the Commodore said to me, Those forts cannot be taken with the force they have.' We could see the shot destroying the vessels, while the forts were scarcely injured by the small bat tery of'the English. About five o'clock a young man ca me to us from the Admiral's ship, with mood upon hi s wearied and brow, poor fellow, and looking that the Ad m i ra l was exhausted. He told the Commodo re ing on the deck of his ves sel severely w oun d ed • that his captain had had his head shot off, and th a t h e had but three men l e ft 'capable of doing duty. The Admiral had sent f or reinforcements to relieve hi m , b ut the in and tide were so strong against the boat s it would impos sible, in time without the assistance of s t eam, to get them up to be of any use. He had had two boats shot away under him, and he reached us in the third, bearing the request that the Commodore -would tow up their boats. By this time the tide was falling very fast, and two of the gunboats had grounded iast where we had been the day before, s and were literally being shot to pieces. Commodore Tatnall consulted with me on the application that had been made to him. It was a question not with out difficulty. As neutrals we had no right to in terfere, or to render the smallest aid to either party. But could we be regarded strictly as neutrals P 'We were in - company with the other Powers not by our own choice. I had desired to avoid all complication 1 with them, an d t o secure t hi s en d I h a d left Hong I Kong so immediately after my arrival as to draw on myself the censure of one of the Hong Kong journals. The Chinese had themselves forced us into our present position, their commissioners at Shanghai having insisted upon my waiting for the English and French Ministers and coming with them. In consequence of this we had been inces santly receiving from them acts of courtesy and kindness. Now, should they be successful, we should profit by their success. In opening the road to Pekin to their own Ministers they would also open it to us. In view of all these reasons I could nof hesitate to say to Commodore Tatnall that while we had no right to fire a gun in their defence, or to give them a man to aid in the attack, we ought to render the required assistance to relieve the Admiral from his . . position, and that accordingly his desire to tow up the boats received not only my assent, but my un qualified approbation, and was, indeed, in strict accordance with my wishes. He then insisted that I should leave the steamer with my suite and go on board one of the junks, as he said a vessel towing up the English reinforcements was no place for the American Minister, when the British and French Ministers were ten miles off. Feeling the delicacy of my situation, and that there was force in what he said, I yielded reluctantly to his wishes and went to the junk, but I could not long remain there, for while I felt that the most dignified position for me would have been on board the Powhattan, the Toey wan was my present home. By an accident the battle had been commenced while I was in her and over the bar, and she was going into danger with my full as sent. I therefore determined to return to her, and availed myself of the first opportunity to do so, which was in the gig of Capt. Willes, one of the English officers. My brother and Messrs. Heard and Learsman, of my suite, returned with me. I think the Commodore thought me wrong as Mini ster, but was glad to have me on board with him. At all events it made me share the responsibility c ith him, which I was more than anxious to do; and while it may be said that strict neutrality was his duty, he did more that day to illustrate the gallantry of the American navy in the eyes of the world than 20 successful engagements would have done. As soon as he heard of the Admiral's posi tion he went in his open barge, through one of the hottest fires that fell from the forts, telongside of the Admiral's ship, which was and had been the target of all the forts—not to assist him in the fight —not to win glory by victory—but to give his sympathy to a wounded brother officer, whom he saw about to suffer a most mortifying and unex pected defeat. I regret to say that his coxswain was killed by his side, just as he reached the Ad miral's vessel, by a ball that struck the boat with so much force as to throw him and Lieut. Trenchard out of their seats. For a little while the lieutenant was stunned, but neither of them were hurt. " Between 6 and 7 p.m., the Commodore having rendered all the assistance in his power, the Toey wan came to an anchor between the French gunboat aml the Coromandel. There the shot flew thick and fast ; and, finding ourselves directly in the line of the fire, the Commodore ordered the position of the steamer to be changed, and we moved about 100 yards, after having been there about two hours, during which time a ball passed nnderthe awning, between it and the deck, within five feet of the spot where Capt. Pearson and I were standing, watch ing the landing of the troops for the attack. a — This was the most terrific sight of the whole battle. As the boats approached, the forts and all the water batteries opened a most deadly fire, and we could see the men fall in the boats. They moved steadily on to the landing-pace, where, as they touched the shore, the fire again ()penes' upon them, and the poor fellows were seen to fall in crowds. It is estimated that, of the 600 composing the storming party, 100 at least had fallen before they reached the shore. There the most terrible fate awaited the survivors. Landing, at the approach of night, upon a shore of which they were entirely ignorant, at low water, but with a fast rising tide, they soon found that they were separated from the forts—first by mud and water waist deep, second, by a ditch filled with water, which no man could cross without swimming ; and, third, by another ditch filled with sharp iron spikes. The 500 survivors saw there was no safety but in retreat. One of the officers told me that by the ime they had crossed the first ditch there was not 1E weapon that would fire, so wet had become their ammuni tion. Their retreat was as fatal as their landing. The Chinese sent up fire-rockets, and by their light shot down the men, who could not return the fire. About 11 o'clock p.m., the survivors, with such of their wounded companions as they could assist, began returning to the ships. F. om that time till daylight officers and men were coming on board the Toey wan, where they were furnished with refreshments and provided with a resting-place. As you may ima gine, we did not sleep much that night. When the day dawned the portion of the squadron engaged in the fight was a perfect wreck. Random shots had been kept up during the night, and many of them had taken effect. Less than half of the land force had escaped unhurt. It is estimated that 300 of them had been killed. On board the ships eight officers had been killed and 23 wounded. The num ber of the men has not yet been ascertained. All the vessels were more or less disabled, and three of the gunboats—the Lee, the Plover, and the Kestrel — were entirely destroyed. The Cormorant, the tender of the flagship, was found to be so disabled that it was impossible to remove her. Commodore Tatnall visited the Admiral in the morning and tendered his services to do all in his power for the wounded, or to assist him with his disabled vessels. They requested that he would take the wounded men over the bar to the vessels lying outside, About half-past nine o'clock, as many as could be placed in two large launches were brought to the stern of our steamer, and we towed them out, tak ing these sad mementos, with the first tidings of the fight, to the French and English Ministers. The Admiral, though severely wounded, still remains about the forts, attempting to destroy the four ves sels that could not be removed, to prevent their fall ing into the hands of the Chinese. I have no doubt he will succeed, though the forts have been inces santly firing upon them. It is now Thursday, and the firing still continues. " As soon as the first gun was fired I felt that, if the English were unsuccessful, I could have little hope of further negociation with the Chinese; yet, as I would do everything in my power for the fulfil ment of my mission, I determined to make the e ff or t, and as soon as possible I sent a letter to the Gover nor-General of this province, who was said to be somewhere on the coast about 10 miles from the forts. Yesterday I despatched my brother, with the interpreters, in search of the place and the man Tbey left this anchorage in the Toey-wan about 11 a.m., carrying my letter, in which I informed the Governor-General that I was here under the treaty, and by the itre itation of the commissioners at Shang.. hai ; that I was charged with an autograph letter from the President of the United States to his Ma-' jesty the Emperor, and asked him to provide me with the means of conveyance to Pekin. The Toey wan returned at eight p.m.; and my brother tells me that after going north-west along the coast, about 10 miles from this anchorage, they discovered an inlet near a village which was strongly fortified. The Toey-wan could not approach nearer than four miles, in consequence of the shallowness of the water. My brother, Mr. Martin, the interpreter, and Mr. Merchant, a midshipman, went ashore in the boat of the Tooy-wan. At the approach of the boat the villagers began to fly. They succeeded, however, in holding communication with two of the Chinese, who stated that the Governor-General had gone over to the forts at the mouth of the Peiho, and said they would deliver the letter to him. These men said they had never heard of the United States of America, and warned the party that they had better return to their boat, as a large body of cavalry had been sent for, who were Tartar soldiers, and recognised no distinction among foreign bar barians. While they were conversing with the Chinese It large body of cavalry, well mounted, ac tually appeared in sight, rapidly advancing towards them, and, as they returned to their boat, followed them to the water's edge." (From the Times.) A quasi private letter from Mr. Ward, containing his account of the Battle of Taku, has been printed by the New York Times, and completes the Ameri can history of the ill-starred operations at the Peiho. Commodore Tatnall's despatch contained the details of the engagement as they appeared to an intelli gent seaman, who, although watching with strong interest the course of the struggle, was yet, while the victory was doubtful, but a spectator of the contest. Mr. Ward's less official, but not less care fully prepared account, adds some few touches to what was already a striking picture, and especial' s7 elucidates the policy which prompts the dip_ l ,,, macy of the United Stat es i n th e i r dealings 'WA China. At this distance, and in the akience of perfect knowledge as to the appearance of the Peiha upon this second occasion, we cannot safely criticise the operations as we read. We may wonder to see that the removal of the booms and chains, partially suc cessful at night, was not nightly persevered with. We may feel surprise to see an attack in shallow waters made durinc, a strong e bb t id e, and to find a landing attempted at low water and upon a muddy shore at closing day ; but vi e are without the means of judging at present to what extent these disad vantages were forced, upon the Admiral by other circumstances. Neither the Commodore's despatch nor the Ambas;dador's letter contains any hint of an opinion that the Admiral's dispositions were injudi cious ; nor is it to condemn Admiral Hope, whose heroism was so conspicuous, that we recall what happened upon a former occasion. Then the same Cormorant despatch-boat, which was sunk by the so Chinese:guns, steamed along the front of the same forts, delivering her fire without the loss of a man, and the Nimrod, under Captain Dew, following more deliberately, silenced each fort as she passed ; then Captains Sherard Osborn and Sir Frederick Nicholson, landing with a handful of blue-jackets and marines, put to flight a large encamped army which had been drawn up to support the forts, and the victory was gained with so little loss that the English public rather despised it as a too facile success. There is a considerable difference between that almost forgotten operation and this the history of which is now before us, and the re sults whereof are so bitter to our pride. We contrast the two events, not for the sake of the past, but for the sake of the future. That me lancholy list of victims which gave mournful inte rest to our columns of yesterday must be still present to every English mind, and it will be long before the impression it made fades away. There is evidently a great change in the character and audacity of our enemy. Some men who know China will attribute this to the habit which has grown up during the recent war of allowing the Chinese to escape without any loss. During the war of 1842 a victory was a great slaughter, and the lessons learnt at Amoy and at the mouth of the Shanghai River were long remembered with good effect in those localities. Latterly war with the bar barians has lost its terrors, for the Chinese have been allowed to fire from their open forts until the place was stormed, and then to run away in peace. That Mongol army which has sunk our *sips and killed our sailors might have been all cut off in the same place last year, but was allowed to march away without a shot being sent among them. Our merciful way of making war has encouraged the Chinese Emperor to think there was no risk to him in trying the chance of arms once more. If he were successful, good. If fortune were again contrary, the English, he might well believe, would be too satisfied with their success to be unappeas able in respect of the " mistake" which caused them to be fired upon. Another theory has been that the Russians have taught the Chinese how to for tify and defend fortifications. This is quite in accordance with the interests of Russia ; it is con sistent with the assertion of the Chinese during the negotiations, that the Russians had promised the Chinese Commissioners to teach them how to make the Peiho impassable to Europeans ; and it accords with the altered appearance of the forts, which upon this occasion had all the appliances of slanted embrasures, mantlets, and spare guns, such as we were accustomed to meet with at Sebastopol. Perhaps both the reasons we have repeated ir, ay have had their influence ; but that there is any material difference between the men by whom we have been repulsed and the men whom we have so often put to flight we do not believe. These are the same Tartars who cann )t put down the rebellion, and who dally with a faction by who n no man or woman or child of Tartar race is ever spared. They have grown to trust to our mercy as a habit or a principle which will live against any provocation ; they have felt secure behind their mantlets ; and they have laid their guns accurately for the exact spot where they expected us to attack. This, added to the fact that for the first time we have justified the expectations of the Chinese as to the mode and point of attack, will account both for the resistance and for its success. Mr. Ward has since the date of the 30th of June succeeded in reaching Pekin; but we doubt whether Mr. Ward will look upon his journey to Pekin as a success. Judging him by his conduct and his letters, he must be a man of too much spirit and independence to digest with comfort the petty indignities of which he has been made the object, and, as he was not allowed to see the Emperor, he might just as well have exchanged his ratifications at Shanghai, as he very sensibly offered to do, as to receive them from the same hands at Pehkang. At Pekin he was reproached by some of the Mandarins for the assistance he gave the English at Taku, and the Chinese impression seems to have been that the Americans formed the landing party which was so terribly cut up. It is said, also, that both Mr. Ward and his Commodore have received an intimation from their Government that his towing our boats up was an tact rather to be excused than justified. Mr. Ward, however, seems to have felt that after the conduct of the Chinese Commissioners at Shanghai he could hardly consider himself as repre senting a neutral Power. So long as the treaties with England and France remained unratified he could not, indeed, stand upon the right which these treaties give to proceed unmolested through the em pire, or to claim a passage to Pekin and a residence there; but his right to travel by the accustomed way—by the way which his predecessor had used in order to negotiate the treaty of which he was now the bearer—to Pekin was unquestionable ; and when the Commissioners compellrd him to remain until a time beyond the period fixed, and attempted to amuse him by flimsy pretences, he was by their act thrown back upon the other civilised Powers, and driven into a companionship which almost in volved the obligations of an alliance. Mr. Ward very reasonably doubted whether—considering that he had been thus forced by the Chinese into his pre sent position, and considering, also, that if the ope rations which were now failing before his eyes had been successful he would have profitedby their suc cess—the Americans would be regarded strictly as neutrals. Whether the Commodore be correct in his recollection wjien he says that the' English officer who came on board his ship spoke not of aid, and expressed his hope only by an anxious glance at the boats, the Admiral, and the steam power of the Toeywan ; or whether Mr. Ward is more accurate in believing that the aid of the steam power to tow the boats was actually asked, is not of much impor tance. The aid was wanted and it was given —not, we will insist upon believing, in accordance with any ,deliberate reasoning upon points of international law, but because the United States' Ambassador and the United States' Commodore saw the English being slaughtered by enemies whom they could not get at, and because they felt at that moment, in the words which some of the American officers are said to have used, " that blood is thicker than water." Out of this disaster let us pluck what satisfaction we can. The reverse will soon be retrieved with sufficient eclat. If there be any virtue in our new rifled cannon we shall shell these barbarians out of their nests without giving them a chance of any similar success in the future; and, if the French are with us in equal force and with their modern wea pons, the y at least will not fight this fight with padded gloves. 'But whether the French are resolved to go with us in strength or not, we must s not delay. If we are at the landing-place by March we can do the work well in one year; if we are later than April we are almost certain to take two years about the busi ness, and to double our risks and our expenses. We hope that no desire of French co-operation will induce us to carry our politeness to so expen sive an extent as to wait for them. If they should not be ready to go with us, we can divide the task with them and meet them at l'ekin, or expect them at Tientsin. Perhaps, also, we may meet the Ame ricans out there. If private American letters from China speak truth—if Mr. Ward was, with studied intent to ridicule him, dra wn t o Pekin by a mule and a donkey, tandem fashion—if his complaints of the incivility of his Chinese attendants were re jected with impertinence--sif his request for horses was directly refused, and if 'his ratified treaty is found to be destitute of the only useful stipulation the draught ,contained—that is to say, the regula tions for trade and tariffs—then we conceive that the Americans may by this time have concluded that their humility has not answered. We, how ever, want no help. We would rather do this act of justice to our massacred countrymen ourselves. But the conduct of Mr. Ward and Commodore Tat n all during the day of disaster comes home to us all. When that act of perfidy has been punished and forgotten, e hope that the f r ie n dly feelings and cordial compani ons hi p - Which united Englishmen and Americans in the waters of China, and the na tural sympathies which burst forth at that moment of disaster, may be remembered. Whether the people of the United States choose to believe it, or choose to acknowledge it, or not, there is always on this side of the Atlantic a strong kin•like feeling towards the people of our own blood who dwell on the other side. We are jealous of their affection, and hurt when we find their sympathies turned from us, perhaps to be lavished upon despots with whom they have nothing in common, and barbarians who have one word of scorn for them and for us. We are irritated also when they are querulous and quarrelsome and tetchy with us, and when, having abundance of g en tl emen to choose from, they set the most ill-bred swaggering adventurer they can find to insult us and wrong us. But we are never happier as a nation in our relations with the Ame rican people than upon those rare occasions when we are going cordially together, never better pleased than when we have some act of courtesy, or, still better, some act of kindness, to thank them for, as in this affair of the Peiho. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—EPPS'S (Homceopathic Chemist) COCOA.—This esteemed preparation is sold by the prin cipal groessos at ls. 6d. per lb., in 11b., 3 / 4 1b., and Vb. packets. Each packet is labelled " James Epps, 110M030 pathic chemist, London." LiinvEnTisEmENT.]--Holloway's Pills and Ointnamit.-- Stomach and Kidneys.—Between these two great organs there exists a close and intimate relation which is demon strated by the wasting which occurs in all diseases afflict ing the kidneys. The disordered stomach is often the first index of renal irregularity. Holloway's remedies used at that juncture would cut short many a serious and fatal attack. They act with wonderful efficiency on every organ of secretion, but especially do they regulate the stomach, liver, and kidneys in ret,toring their healthy functions, and casting out any obstructions or impurities. It is necessary for the ointment to be well rubbed over the affected parts daily, when it is absorbed, and natal augment.; the 'airily ing and salutary influence of the pills. PRE SUN, tAiNDON, *EDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 2, IRA A FIRST VIEW OF YEDDO: property of the liamios or higher class of nobles. Vast gardens and small forests were seen enc losed within the Walls surrounding these princely-looking domains, — giving quite a peculiar character to the whole city. Nothing perhaps is more striking to the eye of a stranger on first penetrating through the commercial part of. the city into the official quarters than the vast dimensions of all these feudal princes' residences in regard to space. The streets are at least a hundred yards wide ; the fronts of the houses, that is, the one-storied range of courtyard buildings, often extend nearly a quarter of a mile, and behind lies garden ground, and beautifal tim ber can be seen towering above, and giving a semi regal air to the whole quarter. No business is ever seen here. Nothing but retainers are ever visible with the armorial cognizances of their masters worked on the back and sleeves of their tunic, often with bow and arrows slung. Once I met a guard With musket and bayonet fixed, which, if they did not come from European workshops, would to all appearance have done the best no discredit. One would think a score or two of these great hereditary chiefs, princes in their own .right, each with five or ten thousand armed retainers within his town house and grounds, would be but dangerous guests to the Tycoon, brought as they are under durance, or at least compulsion, by the ruling power to eat their substance away from their estates and sources of revenue. Still this same arrangement of check and counter check has been in existence for many generations. without, it would seem, any serious attempt to over throw the governmental system. Perhaps this is to be explained by . the fact, already stated, that power has passed in no small degree from the Tycoon's hands, as it did from the Mikados, and now resides chiefly in an executive council of state, consisting of six ministers, and these again are held in no small check by the Damios and feudal chiefs of the higher order, amounting to some 370; and although these do not actually form a chamber of lords nor assemble in a body at stated periods, nothing legislative can be done withouttheir assent obtained after they have been convened. It does not appear that they interfere with the executive rule of the empire, it being recognised as the proper business of the Tycoon and council of ministers to apply and cause to be respected all existing laws and customs. But neither the Tycoon nor the ministers separately or combined can venture upon a change in these without their sanction and a farther confirmation by the phantom sovereign of Miaco, who shut up for life within its garden walls is occasionally recalled to a conciousness of an outer world by being required to give his authority for some legislative action or fundamental change of which he can know nothing. Ido not hear that it was ever refused: why should it be? What can it matter to him, poor recluse, how they govern or misgovern the empire in mockery called his ? But I must attempt to tell you what Kanagawa (the port of Yeddo) and the capital itself present to the eye of a stranger for the first time ushered into this mysterious residence of feudal chiefs and re tainers of the middle ages, girdled with moat and bastion, and in still wider sweep encircled b y a city, the extent of which no European yet can tell, and still less guess at the number of its swarming population. Is it two milions or three? I cannot pretend to tell you. It is another London, which requires a twelvemonth to learn by heart, and a day's journey to traverse from end to end. Widely scattered along the western face of the bay, ascend ing by a gentle rise from the water's edge, and carried over several hills, or rather a belt of hills, of no great elevation ; its low one-storied houses (a ground floor and a garret), half-con cealed by the profusion of timber and foliage enclosed within the Damio's grounds,Cand Buddhist temples plentifully scattered in all direc tions, give, upon the whole, a pleasant civilised air, but something quite different from any European city. There is nothing in the way of architecture or public building to mark a great city and the capital of a people far advanced in the arts of life and civili sation ; one very good reason for which is the fre quency of earthquakes. A few high and solid walls appear for defence round the two inner moated cities. These, rising some 30 or 40 feet from the water's edge, are built with great blocks of granite, curiously let into each other, every one at different angles, and, in their pecularity of construction and enormous strength, seem to be able to resist even the earthquakes ; but every other dwelling in the city, with obvious and especial reference to such conditions, is built on one model, of a framework of timber, strongly girded together, the sides filled up between them with a network of bamboo, and never more than two storeys in height, if a ground-floor and low gairet deserve that title, and I should say are admirably fitted for resisting any ordinary shock. Even now, while writing, the whole house and the earth under my feet have been vibrating for more than a minute in a way not altogether comfortable; but the house showed no signs of distress, whatever the inmates may have done. And uow that you must ha. 143 gained some kind of general idea of the position and outward aspect of Yeddo, come with me all through the streets. There are some officer of the American or British men-of-war in harbour going on a shopping cruise, and although neither you nor I wear crowns on our caps, or epaulettes on our shoulders, they . are numerous enough, and busy enough with their own eager curiosity, to allow us to join the party without appearing de trap. And now the boats have neared the shoal water, and we must all get out into those two or three miserable-looking little flat-bottomed pants, and be dragged over the mud on shore for the next quarter of a mile. The Tycoon need not have surrounded such a landing w ith well-trimmed bat teries as he has done—(how I wish I had some sheep grazing on their green-looking slopes in this sheepless, beefless land !)—for it would require an amphibious race to make a hostile descent here. And now we are arrived ; not even the mud sliders can get us further. What are we to do P It is quite plain we, have 20 yards of water, reaching half-way up our legs, either to wade through, or trust ourselves on the backs of our rice-eating friends there, who seem willing to give us a lift. It is done, Now we clamber up a shabby wooden pier and rather dilapidated stone stops, and stand on the Great Tocado or road at the entrance of Yeddo, leading from the capital to every part of the em• pire, and along which the Princes—the Damios and Kamas—hereditary and merely official take their way, surrounded by their retainers , when paying their annual visit to their " well - be loved cousin" the Tycoon ; or going their way rejoicing to regAin their liberty within their own territories, leaving their wives and children behind ; which may or may not, I have not had time to ascertain, be an arrange ment not altogether disagreeable to the parties con cerned. But it does not seem based on any great regard for the joys of 'domesticity. And here is one passing, by the most fortunate concurrence. First approaches a sort of standard-bearer, with a tall staff; or lance, pointed in steel, and with some thing not a unlike a fleur-de-lis as an emblem of authority ; these vary according to the rank. Then a tall caparisoned riding-horse, led by two grooms --- , and not a bad looking beast either; than asquad of retainers, with the armorial bearings of their lord embroidered on the sleeves; and now comes the great man himself, seated, or rather doubled up, in his norimon, a palankeen curtailed of half its length, so that instead of stretching your legs to the end, you are fain to stuff your knees‘ into your mouth, or very near it. A Japanese tucks legs and knees both under his person (whatever his rank or dignity), or sits cross-legged, both of which feats require, as I know to my cost, some practice to render the fashion, however convenient, either easy or pleasant. This cage-like box has a roof re minding one of a Swiss toy challet, and under the angle at the top a large and massive looking pole is thrust for the bearers, so that the sitter is sus pended below. The poles seem disproportionately and unnecessarily, massive and cumbersome; but upon inquiry one is relieved of any uncomfortable feeling about their weight; by being told they are for the most part hollow ; but it is considered more consistent with dignity to have them of such extreme dimensions. This is a matter of taste and fashion. After the great man, who seems quite as enrions to see you as you could be to catch a glimpse of him, come bearers of covers for his nori mon if it should rain ; tellnks with his wardrobe, a large p irasol if the sun is hot, :note led horses, a few attendants on horseback, and then 2 squad of archers and followers. And so passed on his IN the Damio, meditating, perhaps (it might well bb;;on the sudden and strange revolution in his coun try which has brought the foreigners once more to the Japanese shores, and even into the streets and thoroughfares of the capital. (From the Correspondent of the Daily News.) KANAGAWA, PORT OF YEDDO, JULY 20. 111 y pke - Vious letter will have given you not only a passing review of our relations in China up to the time of Mr. Bruce's departure with the squa dron for the Peiho, now some two months ago nearly, but also a cursory glance at the past and present of Japtn, a country with which Western nations have begun to renew their intercourse, after an interruption all but absolute of two cen turies. My first impressions of Japanese life and manners I sent you from Nagasaki ; and I now re sume the thread of my story, after having seen great part of Yeddo, the capital of the Tycoon, or sovereign de facto ; while the Mikado (miscalled the " spiritual emperor" by certain European writers on Japan) is the only sovereign de jure re cognised still by the Japanese. True, the Dairi or Mikados have been shorn of much f their power since Yoritomo, in 1143, profiting by civil commo tions among the princes of the land, and armed with power as Generalissimo to humble theAkstur bulent chiefs, only suppressed the troubles to arro gate to himself greater part of the sovereign power, under the title given by a grateful master of Ziogan. Another Pepin d'Heristal and Mayor of the Palace, he did not care to dethrone the descen dant of an illustrious line of emperors, and was content with holding the reins, and transmitting the same privilege to his descendants. And so the power continued divided in great degree, the sha dow from the substance, until later, towards the close of the sixteenth century, a peasant's son and favourite attendant of the actual Generalissimo raised himself by great abilities to the seat of power, on his master's death, and stripped the reigning Mikado of the last remnants of secu lar power. Since that time the successive Emperors, or Mikados, are brought into the world, and live and die within the precincts of their court at Miaco— the boundaries of which he never exceeds during his whole life. Is it possible to conceive a less de sirable destiny ? But the Ziogans, or Tycoons as they are now called, have long been undergoing a somewhat analogous process, under which all sub stantial power is being transferred from them to the principal Dami or princes, who form a great coun cil of state, and whose nominee the Tycoon himself has become, ae well as all his chief ministers or coun cillors. They claim the right of dethroning or dis placing both Tycoon and ministers, and a voice potential in all affairs of state. For legislative changes even the almost forgotten Mikado must give his consent—never of course refused when any unanimity prevails. But when the treaty with America was concluded, of which I shall have more to tell you by-and-bye, many things took place highly illustrative of the times and the men in Japan. A large party among the vassal princes and. chief Dami were vehemently opposed to any depar ture from the long maintained system of exclusion and isolation, and hostile to all measures tending to any change. This party enjoys the soubriquet among , the more advanced or progressive of their own coun trymen of "toads in the well," because they can only see immediately over their heads and what is under their nose. The result of their activity was a great commotion, threatening a revolution and the lives of the ministers, who were instantly disgraced, and,' although their successors have had to sign many treaties since, they still continue under a cloud with their secretaries, interpreters, and everybody con nected with their ministry. The hostile party to foreigners is still in office, therefore, which does not tend to make things more pleasant for European prospects or diplomatic agents. But to return to the feudal reproduction, in this isolated and far eastern land, of forms of govern ment and types of men and things, of which the last trace has nearly passed away . now from the soil of Europe, where they once flou. ashed ; it is curious te note the coincidence sometimes carried into points of detail. Whoever wishes to study in the life phases of the feudal state which only existed in the Western world in the sixth century, or an oligarchy such as Venice produced in the middle ages. need only come to Japan. The Mikado of the day is the exact type of the last descendant of Clovis, sitting sad and solitary, effeminate and degenerate, doomed only to wield " a barren sceptre" and sigh away a burdensome and useless existence of mock pagean• try ; never permitted to pass the gates of his prison palace. It is related that some years ago one of those fearful and all-devouring fires for which the great imperial cities of Miaco, Osaca, and Yeddo enjoy a most unenviable reputation, drove the in mates even of the Dairi out of the sacred precincts, the only choice being that of the celebrated King of Aragon, of moving or being burned alive. Rigid as the etiquette of the Dairi is held to be, it appears that it melted before the fire of a vast city in flames ; and his sacred majesty after escaping to one temple in the environs had to flee to a second, and on his way to cast himself from his bullock car and take' to his feet under penalty of being burned after all. One cannot help feeling that in all probability this escape, with all the change, movement, and excite ment, must have formed by far the pleasantest, if not the only, hours of life he knew throughout his whole existence. How his august person, too sacred to be exposed to the vulgar gaze of his sub jects, was restored to its pristine sanctity after that midnight rush and long tramp along the dusty roads, Japanese writers have not told us. This double machinery of a titular sovereign who only reigns, and a lieutenant of the empfre who only governs and does not reign, from generation to generation, is certainly something very curious ; and by long continuance it seems to have led to a duplicate system such as never existed in any other part of the world, carried out to the very minutiae of existence. Every office is doubled, every man is alternately . a watcher and watched—not only the whole administrative machinery is in duplicate, but the most elaborate system of check and counter check on the most approved Machiavellian principle is here developed, with a minuteness and perfection as regards details difficult at first to realise. An interpreter engaged to come at a certain hour to see me. He was late, and when reproached, said quietly in Dutch, " that he could not come without his shadow," by which he described his double—in other words, his spy or watcher! As upon all this is grafted a system of more than Oriental mendacity,' one feels launched into a world of shadows and make-believes, hard to grapple with in the practical business of life. Of their mendacity, and views of it, I heard an amusing illustration the other day. One of these official gentry, upon a particular occasion, havins , been found in deli berate contradiction with himself by a foreign minister, was asked, somewhat abruptly perhaps, how he could reconcile it to his conscience to utter such palpable untruths P With perfect calm ness and self-possession he replied, " I told you last month that such and such a thing had been done, and now I tell you the thing has not been done at all. lam an officer whose business ?t is to carry out the instructions I receive, and to say what I am told to say. I have nothing to do with its truth or falsehood." This must be pleasant hearing to thOse whose business chiefly lies with ()Metals ; but perhaps the chief difference in the manners and cus toms or officials and diplomatists at the two eAtre mities of the great Continent may be after all more in forme than in things. In Europe official un trails are also toldnow and then or systematically ; and unblushingly enough too; but it is not consi dered right to avow the fact with the same synical indifference to what may be thought of either the act or the avowal. If practised politicians and diplomatists ever blush in the western world it is at being found out—not at the consciousness of having tried to deceive. And this, by the Way, is very much the case in China. A Chinese lies habi tually, and I believe more naturally than he speaks the truth under any circumstances ; but I have seen him colour and look confused when convicted in the act, at his own stupidity or clumsiness no doubt. But it would seem, by a great many illus trative anecdotes and some practical examples be fore my eyes since I entered the country, that the Japanese is a Stoic, signally above a sense of shame, whether deception or detection is the result of his labours, tut to return to the Tycoon and the government of the early middle ages, with its suzerain and feuda tory fiefs, and a phantom king, with hereditary mayors of the palace, and chiefs with 10,000 re tainers, each holding himself as good as the Tycoon, who always seems to live in dread of open revolt or secret assassination—a pleasant state of lacing. Each of these territorial potentates or great Damios is absolutely independent of the Tycoon when within his own territory, with power of life and death over all his subjects and dependents. An imperial passport will not secure an intruder's life, and each is capable of giving the answer Hugh Capet pro= jy a kt‘mveh n eochoee d utnyepi a ntoKal s sn, N k ruis:ne i ci ongthtufbhgnpbiee, under every eTel w wrdbryyi h ial aco:s. Tycoon the mod m jenuaoi a rrnap k ii tansir e endoes dpiu h i hse e i editt m nis:i tordeyeno c aep: o np( ttiyhtat n lahn: t ol eidrPiaaidg'rn'tidi Yeddo,ol : ird h tieei tn:iweo spending even yhse N a te,sre d tirbeixo e el yoked by reminding a disobedient vassal of his duties in turn to their territories he, state of mutual love and confidence between the rival powers- e l ins h c and hereditaraygfeesu.dalhclihsi child'een hostages. Thus it e a e n m d s p a ri f n u c r e th s. er A p n le d af ti a lu nt s ee t r l me i their st a o,i ;d .. ary is explained th e enormous extent of the official quarters of the city within a double enceinte of 3, g . a l arcdi wall, and moat, and whole streets with mooted houses extending a thousand feet or more, t forming ane rs a e n N d i d their h n e t ranoutges screen to a large court and furnisKinr, while fine and massive io.f apartments for :re families, with high roofs lboking gates of bronze an and armorial bearings, markw°thllols'e which - Rre the JULY 28. I add a few lines to tell you that, by a vessel just arrived from Shanghai, news has reached us of the untoward result, of .the uttgi;ont to clear the way to Pekin for the En g lish r.nd trench minis ~; tiers thtirged IVith the ratification of the treaties. This . ropulse,,with.great loss of ships and men on our silt, Will doillitlti,M itEtVe Et bad effect here, where difficulties enough existed already. Vortu nately the ratifications of our treaty had been for mally exchanged here by our diplomatic agent before this news arrived, or it might have been \Vase foi: the party in power show in a thousand ways hoW little any treaty relations with foreign powers arc to their taste. Questions of currency and choice of location at Kanagawa have hitherto made all trade impossible; and although before the arrival of this news there were some signs of a dis position to give way on both these points under the velisure of strong remonstrances from the British and American repre se ntatives at Yeddo, it is im pc.sAble to be sanguine. It is quite certain that any .ade or residence of foreigners so near the capital 3 .3 very repugnant to those in power, and the whole . . body of Damios ; and they even go so far as to Mr. Ingham asked her what she had to say to object to the officers of the foreign diplomatic mis- the first purse, w - hith was not found. sions at Yeddo and the consulates at Kanagawa The prisoner si kid she never had it. passing freely along the road, and would reduce all Mr. Ingham st da in that case she must go for communication to writing between a minister and trial. his own consul not 17 miles off. This may suffice The prisoner said she did not understand. She for a specimen of the spirit at work and the diffi- would plead guilty, but she never had the purse. culties in the way of both British and American Mr. Ingham said he could not deal with the case representatives in their efforts to obtain a fair in- with that plea, and fully committed her for trial. terpretation of treaties, and the remova l of obs t a- A f t er she had been locked up, Mr. Martin entered ties to trade of every possible kind. Nagasaki, fur- the Court, and said that his client was anxious for ther removed, may present fewer difficulties. his worship to deal summarily with the case, and she would plead guilty, and that she now thoroughly understood her position. The prisoner w as again placed in the dock, and the depositions in both cases read over. She then said that she would withdraw her plea, but Mr. Ingham said he had decided upon sending her for trial on both charges. POLICE INTELLIGENCE, Nov.l. LAMBETH.--CAUTION TO PERSONS ABOUT TO MARRY.--A fashionably-dressed female, whose ap pearance and manner bore evident proof of respec tability, applied to Mr. Yardley for his advice and assistance under the following somewhat singular and distressing circumstances : • She stated that about tliree months ago a foreigner, of gentlemanly appearance, followed her in the street, and addressing her in broken Eng lish, begged permission to address her. His appear ance being that of a gentleman, she complied with his request, and he then represented that he was an Italian lay birth, and a musician by profession, and had a great desire to get settled in London. He also said he had a great desire to get married, and offered to make her his wife. She of course told him that, being a perfect stranger to her, she could not say anything on a subject so important, but. that if, after an introduction to her family, he was found to be what he represented, she should take their judgment in the matter. An appoint ment was arranged for a Second interview, and after that she introduced the gentleman to her father, who approved of him as her future husband, and three weeks ago they were married with the per fect concurrence of her friends. Previous to the marriage taking place her husband repre sented that his father kept a music warehouse at Manchester, and was a man of considerable wealth, and that he had lived with him up to a short time since, when, on account of religious differences—his father being a Catholic and he himself a Protestant—they had agreed to part, his father at that time consenting to hand him over £l,OOO as soon as he got settled. He further re presented that he could earn £3 and upwards a week at his profession as a musician, but from the day of their marriage up to Saturday last, when he disappeared, he had not earned a sixpence, and kept freely spending her money. The week before last it was arranged that they should leave town on a visit to his father at Manchester, and for this pur pose he had packed up the wearing apparel of both in the same boxes, but hadby one excuse or the other delayed the time for a week. On Saturday morn ing last he received a letter, which he said was from his father, requiring his immediate presence in Manchester, and suggested that as she was not prepared to leave at the moment he should go alone, and on reaching there should send for her. Having no suspicions of his intention, she did not offer any objection to this arrangement, and her husband started away with the whole of the boxes, &c., since which she had not heard a syllable from him. On the day before she (appli cant) called on a tailor on whom she had given her husband an order for a suit of clothes, in hope of being able to learn something about him, and he referred her to the shop of a tailor in the City, where she learned, from the description she had given of him, that he was only a journeyman tailor, and had been employed there about a month before, and further that he was a married man at that time. Mr. Yardley observed that if this was the fact, that he was a married man at the time he married the applicant, he could be severely punished. The applicant said her husband, as she called him, had carried away her gold watch and chain, and dresses belong to her to a considerable amount, be sides spending upwards of £7O in money, her sav ings, and she wished to know whether he could return and carry away her goods, as she was told he could. Mr. Yardley said he should protect her against that, and advised her at once to proceed to the station-house close by, and give a description of the person she spoke about, and he had no doubt that every exertion would be made to trace him out, and also to ascertain his previous history. The applicant said she should act upon his wor ship's suggestion, and having thanked his worship for the attention with which ho had heard her, proceeded to the station-house. CASE OF VIOLATION.—The magistrate was en gaged for some time in further investigating the charge of rape against James Stephen Rowe, and after receiving the testimony of the whole f the witnesses, strongly confirmatory of his guilt, ho committed the prisoner for trial. Mr. S. Solomon, who attended for the prisoner, applied for his being admitted to bail, but his ap plication was refused, Mr. Yardley remarking that the charge was of too serious a character. THE STATE OF TRADE. LEEDS, Nov. I.—The woollen cloth markets to day have' been very quiet, and a comparatively small amount of business has been done in the cloth halls. At the warehouses, too, there was not much business done. The general condition and prospects of the trade, however, are satisfactory. Prices, those of cloth as well as those of wool, are firm. MANCHESTER, Nov. I.—There has been conside rably more business in the yarn market, and prices have advanced fully 1-d. to id. per lb. on the quo tations of this day week. The good demand for water twist for China during last Thursday and Friday, and which exists again this day has had the effect of bringing buyers for Germany more freely into the market at the advanced prices, and a good deal of business has been done for the con tinent. Spinners have declined offers at the rates of last week, being mostly well sold, but have met the market more freely at the advance quoted above. The better news from Calcutta have not led to m uch business in yarns,' but still some purchases were made where spinners would accept the prices. For the Mediterranean a moderate business is reported, Ibut the demand was not active. A better feeling among manufacturers has led also to some fair orders for home consumption. The better advises referred to from Calcutta came to hand in a tele gram received by a leading firm late on Saturday night, were to the 10th of October (bringing down commercial intelligence to within 19 days), an d were at first discredited. It has, however, led to some activity in cloth, though merchants, aware °f the custom which prevails on the 6th of October, one of the principal holidays, have been led to act with more reserve than under ordinary circum stances. The custom alluded to is a superstitious belief that purchases on that day are necessary t o good luck during the remainder of the year. Thong" this may have swelled the purchases up to the 10th many operations have been based on the telegram, There has also been a fair business in low shirtine for China. Some extensive sales have been m ane in T-cloths, and the market has been generallf rather more active than for some weeks past, w it rather more firmness in prices. ROCHDALE, Nov. I.—The trade of Rochdale is active at present, especially the woollen department' This is evidenced by the fact that in September; 1858, according to the statistical report of one of the local police superintendents, there were 40 ." cottages and 117 cellar dwellings empty ; while in September last, although 101 new houses had bee 2 built in the course of the year, there were only empty ones and 50 empty cellar dwellings. HAMMERSMITH.— ROBBERIES IN OMNI BUSES.—SINGULAR CASE.—Louisa Ward, a middle aged woman, very genteely attired, was brought up on remand before Mr. Ingham, charged with stealing a purse containing gold and silver from the dress-pocket of a lady named Elizabeth French, while riding in a Richmond omnibus. When the prisoner was first examined the evi dence was exceedingly slight against her, but it will be seen that on this occasion the case assumed a different appearance. On Friday afternoon, the 21st ult., Mrs. French, who resides at Richmond, entered an omnibus at that place for London. and sat down next to the prisoner, who was also a pas senger. The prosecutrix had her purse, which contained a sovereign, a half-sovereign, and £1 19s. in silver, in her dress-pocket, on the right hand Bide, next to the prisoner. Mrs. French noticed that she appeared very fidgety, and upon reaching the middle of Ham mersmith she suddenly alighted and went off in a great hurry. The omnibus went on again, and had not proceeded far before it stopped to take up a lady and gentleman. The prosecutrix lifted her dress to make room, and she then noticed that her pocket felt very light, and upon feeling she immediately missed her purse. She at once made her loss known, and another pas senger, who had also noticed the prisoner's fidgety conduct, suspected her of the robbery, and went in search of her. He was unable to find her, but shortly afterwards, while he was standing in' the B r oadway with the prosecutrix, he observed the prisoner al roaching from the direction of the Bridge-road. ` 1 ,!.2e was then given into custody, but she stoutly denied the robbery, and neither the purse nor its contents co;:tld be found. However, on being searched, two pocket-books and a bunches of keys. card case were found upon her, also tv , , - .9 When before the magistrate she said she had picked up one of the ,bunches of keys in town, and that the other things belonged to her. She also spoke of her high respectability, and that she received favours from the Hon. Mrs. Lamb, of Richmond, and further, that her son had been educated by the Duke of Devonshire. The magis trate was at first disposed to believe that the pri soner was innocent of the charge, and ought to be acquitted, but upon it appearing from the evidence of the constable that she told him that after leaving the omnibus she made a visit to a female at 9A, Brook-street, Hammersmith, which turned out to be untrue, he remanded her for a few days, but offered to take bail. On the next examination, Mrs. French added some facts to her evidence which strengthened the suspicions against her. She stated that, while in the omnibus, she felt a hand along the right side of her waist, and that when she reached the station she found the frill of her jacket turned up, which was not the case before she entered the omnibus. It was also stated by Sergeant Oatley that a tumbler, which was found upon the prisoner, had been stolen from a public-house at Richmond, but that the owger refused to press the charge. Upon the a pplication of this officer, who was instructed to make inquiries, she was further remanded. Miss Louisa Dunk, a young lady, residing at 13, Clarendon-villas, Clarendon-road, Notting-hill, now stated that ou the 15th ult. she was riding in an omnibus with her sister, when on reaching Oxford street a female, very much resembling the prisoner, got in, and sat down next to her on the rig ht side. 1 The omnibus was very much crowded, and during ' - ;ourney she thought she felt the woma n ' s hand the J -^ket. She felt for her purse and found it in her pu,.... safe. Shortly .._-fterwards the woman got out of t he -'r a y. When they reached near omnibus and went a.. felt book for her purse, and Loudon-bridge she felt Nt ism& and purse corn it was gone. It was a pew et ^nd some silver. bined, and contained half a sovereign._ - bet-books Sergeant Oatley produced one of the pot.— ..,di_ found upon the prisoner, and the witness km., Ately identified it as the one she had lost. Sh e knew the book by its gen eral a pp earance, and a lso because it still bore some of her handwriting upon the leaves. She also added that the more she hat saw the prisoner the more convinced she_ was that was the sam--3 wom an who got into the omnibus and sat next to her. Miss A s Ellairztaibne, hothwDunakppaelasroegaavfoerstihmeilaprrieznideerncoen. this occasion, offered no defence, and said his client, by his advice, would plead shegu w ilty a t s othefirst case. Mr. Ingham inquired ifknown. Inspector Grimmer, of the T division, said she had been seen by a constable from each division, and they were unable to identify her. Mr. Ingham then asked the prisoner if she pleaded guilty or not guilty. The prisoner said she bought the pocket•book of a woman in Oxford-street for 6d. COUNTRY MARIETS SHEFFIELD—Nov. 1. The show of wheat was small and the trade dull, being confined to retail requirements, without change in veltl e ' Owing to the inclemency of the weather the attendance to day was small. No change in barley, oats, or flour. ,2 Red wheat, p©r load of 3 imperial bushels... l6 s Od to 170 ~r; White 11 7 , ...180 Od to 230 (24; New red 71 71 ...17s Od to l i e New white 2 ) 7, ...18s Od to 19s qa. Beans ' 1) Peas, per qr )1 .. Grinding barley, per qr Malting ditto, . „ Oats Millers' prices for flour—ls 6d, is Bd, a: l ( 6B33 d ass:Cki6gd°d l dd s tottt3olos°lssB9s P l 141 b. . LEEDS--Nov. 1. - The mrket to-day was only noticeable by steadiness price and a moderate demand. No change, therefore, made in the quotations of last week. Arrivals this week : Wheat 3,231 qrs. Barley Oats Rapeseed Beans Linseed Flour Averages for the week : Whe ••• • at 1,764 qrs., at 465 8 rid Peas °d i Beans 8ar1ey......... 2,136 ~ 3Bs IL(' Oats l9B 23s oza Rye 7/ _, Ott .---. 7 f NEWCASTLE—Our. 31. We had a moderately good supply of wheat to-dal) which t met a quiet demand, at fully the currencies of last marycee. day. Fine barley in fair request, and as high ill Pu c e. Oats unchanged in value. Beans scarce, at late rate s ' 30s White d 0.... 4 40 45 8 Wheat to 48 5 Barley 3 Bs t o 42 5 Ditt o , old .• • •••• • 4 ' s t t o o 5 45 0: B O e a ans ts.. .... ..................... NORWICH CATTLE—OcT. 29. Our market to .day was one of the largest shows of at °4• 143 .. cattle that has been seen this year, compr is i ng Scots, 0 1 =d horns, Devons, and Irish. A fair attendance, old a °"-- business done. Scots, 5s to 5s 6d ; shorthorns, 4s 6d to 5 s 6d jou to 4s Gd; Devons, 4s Gd to 55 6d (estimated Weight 11 fat). Fat beasts firm, 7s 6d to 8s 6d per stone, without a Glo w an ce The best Sheep—The pens were tolerably well filled. 5O to sheep in demand at 39s to 40s per head. Fat sheePt 8s 6d per stone. Pigs—A good supply. Store pigs 20 s to 355; fat P° ric P 7s Gd to 8s Gd per stone. FOREIGN MAIL PACKET Lrs - • ----- _ • En the following table E signifies that letters are despatc by evening mails from London, and 31 by morning mails. by evening mails from London, and M or mu.— NO t 3101 DESTINATIONS. Despatch Port of due. of Mails. Despatch. ______.--- ---- ------- Australia and Mauritius, via No v. 10 Southampton N0v.12, M SouthamP• . Nov. 4 Ditto, via Marseilles Nov. 18, E ........... Bahamas and Havana via New 1 Nov. 24 York N0v.25, E fiverP° 43 • • Nov. 2 Canada, &c. (by Canada. pckt ) Nov. —, E L i ver pool. • Cape n, and St. Hele of Good Hop na e, Nov 5, E Devonp or Ascen- t P ee ' 2 China, Penang, and Singa- Nov. 2 pore, via Southampton Nov. 4, M SouthaniP. No v 1 Ditto, via Marseilles Gibraltar, via Southampton Honduras and Blewfields ...• N0v.17, M Southall*. India (Calcutta) and Ceylon, Nor, 2 via Southampton Nov. 4, M SouthamP• soc , 12 WWI, via Marseilles India ,Bombay), via South- Nov' 1° ampton. N0v.12, M Southamp. No v 4 Ditto, via Marseilles Lisbon, Brazils, Buenos Ayres, N o v. 1 y . and F. Islands Nov. 9, M SouthamP• N Lisbon, Vigo, and Oporto Nov. 7, M SouthamP• Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via N ov ' 2 Southampton .. .. Nov. 4, M South amp. Nov 4 Ditto, via Marseilles ...... Nov. 3, E ............ tio. Hexico and Havana Nov. —, M Southamp. • '-` ..... Newfoundland Nov. 4, E Galway •• • • United States and British N 1 N ov ' 2 • • -- America (by British packet) Nov. 5, E Liverpoo mp. Ditto (by U. S. packet) "Nov. —, E Southa West Coast of Africa, Ma- Nov 9 deira, and Teneriffe Nov. 23 E Liverpoo•. , • • West India, California, Vene zuela, Chili, Peru, Grey town,Nov New Granada, Sic. BIRTHS. t. the BOWER.—On the 31st ult ,at 1, Mecklenburgh-stree, wife of Mr. A. P. Bower ,. of a son. of BITTLESTON.—On the 19th Se t at Madras, the w i f e Sir Adam Bittleston, of a daughter. e e wif GUNNING.—On the 31st ult ,at the Hall, Wig'a'n' the of G. W. Gunning, of a so . n. I, F. ,LINGEMAN.—On the Ist inst , at Dulwich, X"' —' Lingeman, of a son. . MARRIAGES. r , n betilt LEE—DixoN.—On the 31st ult., at St. Marrswv"hia-teThall, Nicholas Lee, Es q., of the Bo ard of Trade, on, ..6e nt, son of John Lee, sq., of Maryon - roa d, Wilr Char to Caroline Augusta, youngest dau g hter of lara Dixon, Esq., of Woodlands, Tulse-hill. HuLL—BINNs.—On the 27th ult., a t South-parade ‘.1,...- - " ,el° ; 30 . n Leeds, the Rev. E. L. Hull, ,of Lynn , 0 , nee eldest daughter of W. Bi isq., of Rawdoll Leeds. DEATHS. B B A : to y un i , c , EE theE. — on O ue n tvh. t h ej e 2ohB 3 tia l h o T t u u yita l . t. ,e , lal a t t ßE l a 3 ydiin A ee , b, C u ofip: o u n : nri road et , ta i : sl : of Thos. Bruce, Esq., of Arnot, aged 51. I C. .:”ISTED.—On the 29th ult., at Dorchester, the Rev' v ' ''''' Brt ; , :ed, aged 85. t ~ of m l‘ A l L a c r o i e L b i : 7 ...._ e ;',,2th ult., at IL'se henry Ffaringua.-9 FrAItINGTUIN*7;fn the 3 , ,311 ult., Malcolm, Esq., M.D. iLE.I.C.S. ortbd PULMAN.—On the 29th ult., at East-tr7.l:,e' yoln'l:i:Cen, banker. Wand sw 0 James Pulman, Esq., Clarenceux King ° f All" ' a' Yeoman Usher, of the Black Rod, aged 77.: ~,.g t he SzoNE.,—On the 26th ult., at Wootton Rivers, Rev. T. Stone, D.D., aged 83. of a le WIGG.—On the 30th ult., Joseph Wigg, Esq., later oi, 60th Rifles, younger son of George Wigg, • Bocl.l ° Perth, n 3. _......-!" Piccadilly. ----- --------- _____________--_ ~ s ( , LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YO v o 1 2 of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The San Oiliee, 01P-" - ,„, of Strand, in the Precin ct of the Savoy, in the 0 M dditsseA, Wednesday, November,2, 1859. Nov'. I Nor. Nov. h