The Sun. — London, England, 1860-01-14 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. Under the management of Mlss L. Pyne and Mr.W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, VICTORINE. Messrs. Santley, 11 - Haigh, H. Cerri, G. Honey, Bartleman, &c. Misses Parepa, Thirlwall, Conductor, Alfred Mellon. To conclude with the new grand pantomime, called Golden PUSS IN BOOTS; or, Harlequin and the Fairy of the Palms. NIN Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7 o'clock. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lesser, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, the comedy of THE EVIL GENIUS Miss Reyno!ds. After which, the new Itaymarket Comic s Christma and the of the True Lovers' Knot. The pantomimists the unrivalled Leclercqs. THEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM.- Sole Lessee and Directress, Madame Celeste. Re-engagement of the Spanish Dancers. • Tins EVENING, the popular Drama of ST. MARY'S EVE. Madeline (her original character) Madame Celeste. After which, will be produced a new Grand Christmas Ex travaganza and Pantomime, KING TIT RITS ÜBE AR D, the Marshall --C olumbine , PET and the G-REAT PASSION. Clown, Mr. H. Marshall—Columbine, Miss Rosino. - - Commence at T. IJOYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. Re-engagement of the Wonderful Danc.r, Mons. Espinosa. First appearance of Mdlle. Marietta Rosetta, Principal Dan sense of La Scala, Milan ; and first time of the Delapierre Family. These highly-talented Children will appear every night. The Royal Princess's Rifles on parade every evening. THIS EVENING, THE CRICKET ON THE HEARTH, After which, a new Christmas burlesque pantomime, by H. J. Byron, called JACK THE GIANT KILLER ; or, Harle quin King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table, Jack, Miss Louise Keeley—Harlequin, Mr. Cormack Panta loon, Mr. Paulo—Columbine, Mies Caroline Adams— Clown, Mr. A. F. Forrest. INTEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. tenj. Webster. Holiday Attractions.— The Christmas Carol and the New Spectacular Extravaganza, by 11. J. Byron, Esq„ the Nymph of the Lurlyberg, ; or the Knight and the Naiades. THIS EVENING, THE CHRISTMAS CAROL. Messrs J. L. Toole, C. Selby, Paul Bedford, Stuart, Billington, C. J. Smith. Romer: Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, Mrs. Chatte rley, Miss Laidlaw. After which THE NYMPHS OF THE LITRLEYBERG ; or, The Knight and the Naiades. Messrs. Toole, Bedford, Eburne, Smith, Powell, Romer, Miss Woolgar, C. Webb, K. Kelly, Laidlaw. Doors open at half-past six—Commence at seven. Box- Office open from 10 to 5. No charge for seeming seats, nor ler bills of performance. All fees to servants of this establishment arc strictly prohibited. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. On Wednnesday, Jan. 18, the Theatre will be Closed, in consequence of the Company performing at the Royal Thea tricals, Windsor Castle. ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. 33. Chatter ton.. The nearest Theatre to carri ages co, and West- Minster, the Park being open to and foot passen gers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING, THEY'RE BOTH TO BLAME.' Followed by a new sketch, A HOUSEHOLD FAIRY. Miss Wyndham and ➢lr. H. T. Craven. To conclude with the new pantomime of PUNCH AND JUDY. Introducing Miss Lydia Thompson and the Corps de Ballet. Clown, Harlequin, Columbine, and Pantaloon, and the wonderful Performing Dogs. Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, ls. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six; perform • ance commences at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Westminster-road. Sole Lessee-31r. William Cooke, his Farewell Season. The Great Christmas Novelty, "Harlequin Tom Moody," triumphant. THIS EVENING, the entertainments will commence at 7 o'clock with the droll drama of DOMINIQUE THE DE SERTER. Dominique, Mr. G. BPlmore. After which, fine and exquisite Riding Evolutions by the Star Artistes, Miss Emily Cooke, M. John Henry Cooke, and other first-rate professors. Concluding with the really successful Holiday pia* and Sporting Pantomime, entitled HARLEQUIN TOM MOODY; or, Old Towler the Huntsman and the Goddess Diana, introducing, among numerous new and splendid effects, the Derby Day of 1860, by the Astlean Racin g Stud Morse, enveloped clever jockeys ; also the wonderful Salamander enveloped in a body of real fire. A Grand Day performance of the New Comic Pantomime, and very superior novelties in the ring, every Saturday, at Two o'clock, during the Holidays. Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING. Sterndale Bennett's MAY QUEEN. And a Grand Selection from Meyerbeer's new opera of DINORAII. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), W. T. Cribehfield, and E. W. Hackney. Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant sights of the metropolis. ROSA BONIIEUR'S celebrated PICTURE of the HORSE PAIR is now added to the already magnificent Collection of Paintings in the Canterbury Hall Fine Arts Gallery. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, JAN. 14, 1860. THERMOMETER, IN THE MADE. 49—highest since noon yesterday. 45—lowest this morning and during the night. 48—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30. WIND, South-Westerly; light, with dull ha4y Weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tins DAY,—Morning, sh. 55m.—Afternoon, 6h. 17m TO-MORROW,,,MOrning, 6h. 39m.—Afternoon, 7h. 24k I fak,-.4 '111:111 4 'TA.; , 0, 4' • t• """' THE SUN. LONDON, SATURDAY, JAN. 14, 1860. What a perplexing perplexity is the PorE ! When shall we have done with it, and with him ? He himself is perplexed, for he cannot do without foreign soldiers, neither can he do with them. Without them his subjects would leave him only his bishopric and give his princedom to some one not cursed with that impossibility for a secular Government, infallibility —that unlucky attribute being of no use in matters in which it can be sub mitted to the test of hard facts. France is per plexed, for her EMPEROR wants to reconcile the homage demanded by his ultrarnontane clergy with political reason; and with the consciousness of national rights re-awakened to such activity by his own campaign to liberate Italy. Austria her self is perplexed, for her .EarrEitott has sold his country's birthright for something worse than a mess of pottage—for a concordat; a bargain by which,his Jesuit advisers manacled both his hands with the promise of spiritual help, which is found to be evaporating, like certain other spirits, into thin air when they have served the purpose of be fooling their victim. English and Irish Catholics are perplexed, for they try hard to prove that the Porn's spiritual authority is based on a rock which nothing can shake, while, in the next breath, they tell us that the withdrawal of temporal authority would crumble. the immoveable rock to pieces— they, indeed, are doubly perplexed, for they live in a free country, a country which has consolidated its liberties by beheading and banishing those who only aimed to subvert them ; and yet they are forced to deny to the citizens of the Papal States the rights which they claim as mere civil freedom here, and of which, were any attempt made to de prive them, their howl of " persecution," " ty ranny," and " intolerance" would resound from the Orkneys to Naples the blessed. Indeed, the old expression "confusion worse con "founded" seems to be the only appropriate descrip tion of all the doings and relations of the Papacy. An anonymous pamphlet is published in France. Its contents and its putative fatherhood make the Vatican turn pale. Disclaimer of paternity is de manded of the. presumed father. But, alas ! he is silent;—but what of that, he i s proverbially a silent man, incing under its arguments, threats of non-attendan De at Congress are tried. It is of ," Won't- ee come to Congress," as our amus ing contompor, ivy has it, is all the answer obtained. A little diplom ttic soothing syrup is indeed offered from the Frenc 17t Foreign Office. Count GRAM MONT "satisfies, the Pope," by the order of Count WaL,EwsKt ; hi 5 Holiness now becomes placable, and the Count proclaims that the pamphlet does not contain "th a programme of France ;" surely all is now coming .!•.; "ght ? Ah, no !—alas ! the next news is that Wilt: O.IVSKI loses his temporal power before the POPE ', loses his; and Austria and his Holiness and MT a/.1 :wsici must console themselves all together as bc ; they can. But %yen this is not all. Letters cro ssini on their way must be added to all therother crosses of the Papacy. The POPE stoops to consign to perdition the anonymous pam- no use--' phlet, and, of course, its putative father, who alone had made it worth his notice, with it ; and the po lite letter of the Emperor crosses on the road this fiery " allocution." And then the bland letter itself of the dutiful Eldest Son of the Church—what is it but advising, in the most filial language, that the Holy Father should bestow his benediction on the "rebels," for whose silver and gold his Cardinals still hanker, and should surrender as a boon to Europe what ho wants to keep as a boon to him self. And now, the latest, in all this series of per plexities, is—Mr. BOWYER and his letter. Any Catholic mess, before it is done with, must, of course, have the fingers of the Porn's advocate in it. It is his official duty—his business—it would be a slur on his professional reputation if the POPE were offended, even about purely temporal mat ters, and Mr. BOWYER burned not. And we will freely confess the counsel for the POPE has said his best—his very best; we doubt not the best which could be said for his Holiness's temporal rule ; but what a damning defence is it ! We have looked through it carefully and candidly, sincerely wish ing to find something worthy of an attempt at refutation ; for it is a real pleasure to a journalist to find something worthy of serious argument ; or, we may truly say, something to which we could concede that an opponent has advanced an idea, a statement, an explanation deserving of notice. We are disappointed to find nothing of the kind. Mr. BOWYER has been cramming under his grinders at the Vatican, but has not been able to pen a word for which the most lenient examiner could award him a single mark. _ He tries, indeed, to fasten on the pamphlet charges of inconsistency with itself. To do this, in appearance, may be possible ; since the author of the pamphlet obviously thinks the POPE ought to have no temporal power at all ; but to conciliate, were that possible, the English BowYERS and the French Ultramontists, he argues for the Pope's having Rome to himself, to tyrannise over and bless at his pleasure. Meantime he merely declaims against the assertion of the pam phlet, that the civil and the spiritual swords can not successfully be wielded by the same hands—he makes not the slightest attempt at disproof of this, to most persons, self-evident position. There is the usual rant uttered by any Irish P.P. to the igno rant peasantry about the beneficent reign of the Pontiff; about the necessity of temporal power to spiritual independence ; about the inalienable in heritance of the Pope; about the subversion of the public law of Europe if the Pope were deprived of his temporal throne ;—just as if the Founder of Christianity and his Apostles, as D'AZEGLIO (a Catholic) observes, had not renounced temporal power, and cannot therefore have delegated what they themselves rejected ; as if the gifts of temporal power by dead princes and princesses could not be revoked by the people of a succeeding generation; and as if the public law by which the thrones of England - and France, of Belgium, Sweden, and Greece are filled was not as good law as Europe needs. To such a stream of mere declamation it is hopeless to attempt to reply. We will therefore only warn Mr. BowYER and his clique that Eng land has already long determined to leave the Pops to himself. She only asserts, with all the moral influence she can, that no foreign power has the slightest right to sacrifice the liberties of the Ro mans to the ambition of the Pope or of all the Ca tholics of Europe. Popery is a crime and not a reli gion, if it claims, as a political Moloch, an " ina lienable right" of victimising to its own glory the right of all people to choose their own rulers and to eject them at their pleasure. The Crimean War unquestionably did good ser vice to the British Soldier in spite of many horrors and much suffering. An army it is true was un happily consumed in the process—between 20,000 and 30,000 of our men were swept away in that tremendous ordeal, and about £30,000,000 swal lowed up. But it were frivolous to assert, it were even contrary to truth to maintain, that through this fearful ordeal the soldiers of England were not in very many ways, directly and indirectly, indi vidually and collectively benefitted. Through the agency of Mr: ROEBUCK'S Sebastopol Committee alone a broad flood of light was thrown upon the mysteries of routine, and upon all the entangled and entangling sinuosities of red-tapism, such as rendered the perpetuation of the evil system, un• disturbed and unameliorated, thenceforth little less than absolutely impossible. As yet, however, though as many as half a dozen years have actually since then elapsed, it would be idle to assert that we have made more than the merest beginning in the great and complicated work of military reorganisation. It was only very recently, in deed, that one of the most competent, and at the same time one of the most dispassionate witness in the matter, namely, Dr. RUSSELL, for merly par excellence TEE Times' " Correspondent," directed particular attention to this fact, that Eng land has yet a vast amount to accomplish the im mense labour of military re-organisation upon which she has undoubtedly begun to adventure—but upon which, as undoubtedly, she has as yet only begun to adventure. Take, for example, as an illustration of this—a comparatively slight illustra tion, it is true, yet one, it will be at once admitted upon all hands, peculiarly and immediately effect ing the health and comfort of our soldiers—take as evidence of the fact to which we are here advert , ing—(upon which we are unquestionably dis posed to animadvert)—take the arms, clothing, and accoutrements of our soldiery l Where are the improvements? There are improvements unques tionably, but these are only partial and subordinate. Since the Crimean campaign, for instance, the old prejudice against any other than the cavalry regiments being exempted from the matutinal martyrdom of shaving, has, in a very great mea sure, if it has not as yet altogether, disappeared. Again, dating back from the time of the Russian War, even the authorities at the Horse Guards have been brought at last to recognise the absurdity of half throttling the men by means of that terrible old black leather stock, which, while it perpetually rasped the half shaved recruit under his jaws, often, particularly during a long march in a hot climate, resulted in all but strangulation. Admitting, however, these one or two beneficial disc,overies in regard to the cruelty and inconvenience as well as unsightliness of some of the old stubborn regulations as to the manners and customs, and bearing and uniform, of our soldiers, of our foot soldiers especially—we have, neverthe less, up to this present time, been doing no more than potter over one or two comparatively trivial improvements. It yet remains for the military authorities to decide satisfactorily for once and for all upon very nearly every individual item relating to the soldier's arms, to his clothing, and to his accoutrements. The slovenly, hodge-podge, petty alterations ad ventured upon hitherto for the advantage, or, to put it more distinctly, for the personal convenience, of our infantry has, within the last week or two, been evidenced in a manner somewhat ludicrous. Every one who may have recently chanced to glance, during the muddy weather, at one of our sentries upon guard at the entrance to any one of our great THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 14, 1860. pu bli c , establishments must have observed the pre posterolls innovation (we presume of sort of tacitly authorize& experiment) hero alluded to. The foot part of the trousers, it will have been remarked, having been tucked up to get them out of reach of the mud, has been thereupon stuffed clumsily into the top of the Wellington boot—presenting a spec tacle altogether as ungainly as (in what our neighbours call the tout ensemble, or the coup d'.eil) eminently ridiculous. The idea of this new regulation of course is taken obviously from the costume of the Zouavo. But then in the Zouave costume the boots are not Wellingtons ; the feet are protected less with bootleather than with shoeleather—the ancles, having thus the advantage of free play, are protected in their turn by the little Pickwickian gaiters, either black or white gaiters. The Zouave trousers unlike the trou sers of our infantry, (namely, skimpy andshapeless) —are, on the contrary, loose and flowing. Above all and beyond all—and this is the ingenious peculiarity which has been thus absurdly travestied of late among our English foot soldiers—these loose trou sers of the Zouaves are gathered up in foul wea ther by means of the " molletiere" or calf-band, completing the singularly picturesque and emi nently useful costume of those heroic Dare-devils There is the old proverbial saying about the last straw breaking the camel's back—and that other one about the last drop brimming the cup to over flowing. Would it not be wiser now to accept as such in good part this last ludicrous freak in the way of experimental improvements (!) upon the old infantry regulations and arrangements. It is no doubt a very trivial absurdity in this way, but coming after so many others it is enough at last to break down our pa tience altogether. Infinitessimally small though the drop is, it is enough in regard to this question —seeing that it is at the same time in itself so in tensely ridiculous—it is really enough to brim over the cup of our indignation. M dIZITIM.E INTERCOURSE IN TIME OF WAR. The following is a copy of the memorial of the Directors of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, by their Chairman, to the Right Hon. the Lord Viscount Palmerston, K.G., G.C.8., itc., First Lord of her Majesty's Treasury : " That public attention is daily becoming more and more alive to the inconsistency in the existing rule and practice of international law, as affecting the property of the subjects of belligerent States on land and at sea respectively. " That throughout the hostile operations which have been carried on in Europe within the last few years, the ships and cargoes of non-combatants have, as in former wars, been held liable to seizure, confiscation, or destruction, while, on the contrary, a strong disposition has been mani fested to abstain from inflicting unnecessary injury upon private property on land. "That your memorialists are of opinion that it is both desirable and politic that the latter course of action, so much more in accordance with the principles of justice and humanity, should, if possible, be extended towards private property on the high seas in time of war; and the assem bling of an European Congress would appear to offer a most favourable occasion for the discussion of so important a change in international law. "That the general adhesion of European nations to the principles of maritime law, comprised in the basis laid , down at the Congress of 1856, taken together with the surrender by the French of the Austrian merchant vessels captured by them in the late Italian war, lead your memorialists to indulge the hope that the question would be favourably entertained at the approaching Congress. " That, inasmuch as it is universally admitted that no war has been brought to a termination by reason of the amount of injury or loss inflicted upon private persons, but rather from political considerations or by the decisive supe riority of the military or naval power of one of the belligerents, your memorialists would respectfully submit that the proposed change would not be open to the objection of having A tendency to prolong hostilitiss, but, on the con trary, by mitigating the calamities of war, it would confer a lasting benefit upon mankind at large, and directly pro mote the interests of civilisation. " Your memorialists would, therefore, earnestly entreat your lordship to take this most important subject into your early and favourable consideration, and that you will exer cise the influence of her Majesty's Government in bringing the same under the notice of foreign nations, either at the approaching Congress, or in such other manner as your lordship in your wisdom may deem most effectual. " And your memorialfsts will ever pray. " For and on behalf of the Beard of Directors, " EDMUND PorrEn, President." MR. BUI?FORD'S PANORA:ILI OF VENICE. Venice, it is said, is always new and fresh, and it must have been a conviction of the truth of the aphorism that gave Mr. Burford courage to select it as the subject of his new panorama. We read every day in the papers of what the Austrians are doing in Venice, and the discontent of the people thereat, and in this way a new curiosity is ex cited to see a place which is not only so famed in story, but so rich in stirring current events. With a sagacious oye to all to these points, Mr. Burford, taking his able colleague Mr. Selous by the hand, has painted a beautiful picture, life-like in its effects, correct in its general details, and con taining one gem, the church of St. Mark, which alone would at any time justify a pilgrimage to Leicester-square. The point taken is of course St. Mark's-square, and the principal feature, the inimitable Basilica—with its match less columns, its world-famous horses, the lofty campanila and the celebrated clock tower. In short, not a single well known detail has been forgotten. The picture is beauti fully composed, the eye wandering from the square to the church and from the church to the blue water beyond, whilst processions and single figures judiciously painted in give an effect of life and action to the whole. In any wea ther Mr. Burford's new Panorama is well worth a visit, and by a study of it will be found an admirable key to much of what we read respecting Venetia. LATEST NEW S. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : PARIS, JAN. 14. The Moniteur of to-day says :--Yesterday the Emperor presided at a meeting of the Council of Ministers and of the Privy Council. The Empress was also present. MADRID, JAN. 13. The fifth corps d'artnce embarked to-day at Algesiras. Provisions and ammunition have been landed on the African coast. The wounded have embarked for Spain. Advices have been received from Rome to the 10th inst. The reports of the revolutionary manifestation in the Marches were exaggerated, but agitation was really commencing. The guard of the Capitol had been increased by the admission of young noblemen into its ranks. MODENA, JAN. 12. It is stated that the Privy Council will assemble to-morrow at 12 o'clock. BERLIN, JAN. 13. Professor Simson was to-day elected President of the Chamber of Deputies. Herr Grabow was elected first and Herr Matthis second vice-president. DRESDEN, JAN. 13. The Dresden Journal contains a telegram from Munich, according to which King Maximilian has relinquished his project of a journey to Spain. The journal Le Toulonnais, announces that the French squadron at Algesiras, with the exception of three vessels, will return to Toulon. The following is an extract of a letter received at Mr. Renter's office : " PARIS, lAN. 12. " The object of Lord Cowley's mission to London was to resume the negotiations between England and France which were initiated by the former Power, but interrupted by the opposition of Count Walewski. " The basis of these negotiations was the prin ciple of non-intervention with regard to the affairs of Central Italy. " France, adopting the same basis, was desirous that the whole of Europe should give its formal adhesion to that principle. " With this view Lord Cowley was solicited to sound the feelings of the British Cabinet as to the advisability of addressing a collective note to the European Cabinets. In this note an infraction of the principle of non-intervention was to be treated as a casus belli. " The British Cabinet, while expressing its rea diness to support the principle of non-intervention, either at the Congress or in its communications with foreign Powers, pointed out the impossibility of the Cabinet pledging itself without the consent of Parliament to a course of policy which might involve hostilities. " The feeling of the Northern Courts gave rise to some fear that Europe would not tacitly submit to so threatening an intimation, and which also implied the adoption of principles opposed to the independence of every State which possesses the right of forming such altiancos as it may think proper, and at its own risk and peril. " The British Cabinet having thus declined the propositions to enter into engagements having such an important bearing, the question of an early meeting of the Congress is again revived." AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY MORNING. The North German Lloyd's steamerßremen, with mails from New York to the 31st ultimo, arrived here this morning. Five days after leaving New York the Bremen's mainshaft broke, the two pieces of the shaft entirely separating. On the same date, in lat. 46 8, long. 45, several large icebergs were passed. On the 12th instant, in lat. 49 13, long. 14 15, passed an American barque, bound west, which hoisted a private signal, white 0 on a red ground. The Bremen brings an exceedingly large mail, 93 passengers, and specie of the value of 800,500 dols,, nearly the whole of which is for England. WOODIN IN BRIGHTON. Three weeks ago we announced "Woodin is coming," last week it was " Woodin is come," now it is " Woodin is going," and next week it will be " 'Woodin is gone." The fact that crowds nightly throng the Royal Pavilion to witness the " Oho of Oddities," testifies far more than any words of our can do to the undying popularity and intrinsic merit of this really great favourite of the people. Nor is it the " masses" alone who attend ; the rank, fashion, youth, and beautyof Brighton are there, especially when he favours us with a morning performance, as was the case on Satur day last, when the stalls were filled by an audiesce from the families of the richest and noblest in our land. We have sometimes been surprised at the extraor dinary success achieved by Mr. Woodin, both in London and the provinces —a success which but few artists ob tain even in a life-time. He has lately completed a seven years' apprenticeship before the public :—it was, we find, on the 23d of October, 18.52, that the unknown Woodin opened a " Carpet Bag" at the little Marionette Theatre in the Strand. He gave up a good and lucrative profession for the study of an art which, as Polygtaphv, he has now made so popular. His father and his forefathers for many generations had been connected with the Fine Arts ; the young Woodin was brought up to the easel, but having a taste more dramatic, he abandoned it for his present style of entertainment. There is in this one very great advantage: Mr. Woodin was, as it were, born an artist, from his earliest youth he was.imbued with art tendencies, which in a more mature age are developed, and thus enable him to present an entertainment at once literary and artistic. The number of characters in his " Olio" is truly wonderful— " They have their exits and their entrances" with a rapidity that causes us to doubt the possibility of their all being represented by one man, indeed, although a close and attentive observer must discover that it is so, there are some sceptics and opponents (the more clever an artist, the more virulent his opponents), who declare that more than one person is engaged in the representation. '1 his has been the case during the last week; a gentleman hazarded this assertion, and maintained it, but ample proof being given tim, he acknowledged his error of judgment, and pro noTred the performance " wonderful. ' After a short tour through the adjacent southern coun ties, he returns to London, there to produce an entirely new entertainment, the materials for which ho has gathered while on his professional rambles through England, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland. Let us hope that this will receive the stamp of success upon it (for Mr. Woodin's exertions deserve this); and that we shall then see him in Brighton for a season much longer than his present flying visit.— Brighton Ga:ctle. His Excellency the Prussian Minister and the Countess de Berustorff will return to town to-day from visiting Frances Countess - Waldegrave and Mr. Harcourt, M.P., at Nunoham Park, Oxon. The Earl and Countess Howe will arrive at Curzon House on Monday from Gopsall lla 1. . . The Earl and Countess Stanhope have returned to Chevening Park from visiting her Majesty at Windsor Castle. APOTIIECARIES'-BALL.—The following are the names of the gentlemen who passed their examination in the science and practice of medicine, and received certificates to practise, on Thursday, the 12th of January :—Thomas Richard Jessop, Brighouse; John Wm. Irvine, Galgate, Lancaster ; Anthony George Hayden Starke, Honitsn, Devon ; Walter Trevelyan Thomson, Guisborough, York shire; Thomas Jones, Brecon, South Wales; -Alfred Catt, Brighton ; and John Boniface Collins, Yapton, Sussex. The following gentlemen also on the same day passed their first examination :—James Stillwell, London; and John Waterson, Birmingham. FRANCE. Paris was covered last evening with a fog so in tense that all circulation in the streets became a service of danger. Fortunately, we have heard of no accident. The appeal to the Court of Cassation of Madame Lernoine against the sentence to twenty years' hard labour pronounced on her by the Court of Assizes of Tours for burning alive her daughter's illegitimate child came on yesterday. As is always the case in appeals to the Court of Cassation, it was based entirely on technical grounds ; and in this case they were -1, that the forms prescribed for the deliberations of jurie and the prescriptions of Art. 343 of the Criminal Code had been violated by the jury having publicly pro ceeded to the election of a foreman, on the jury man designated by lot for that post having de clined to accept it—whereas the selection of fore man ought to have taken place in private ; 2, that certain articles of laws of the 24th April, 1790, and the 20th August, 1840, had been violated by the minutes of the trial not setting forth with suffi cient clearness that the verdict of the jury had been publicly read. The court, after hearing plead gs, decided that the reasons assigned were not sufficient to invalidate the condemnation, and it rejected the appeal. PARIS BOURSE, Jan. 13.—The market has been firm, but the amount of business limited. Threes, after having been done at 68f. 65c., rallied to 68f. 80c. Mobilier varied from 760 f. to 772 f. 50c. ; Austrian, 536 f. 25f. to 537 f. 50c.; Lombard, 567 f. 50c. to 568 f. 75c. ; Lyons, 920 f. to 922 f. 50c. ; Orleans, 1,385 f. to 1-,390f. ; Southern, 510 f. to 515 f. 50c. The following were the last quotations :- 4 per Cents..... 96 95 Credit Fonder 720 Do. end month .. Belgian 4} lOO 3 per Cents 6B 95 Piedmontese (5) .. 84 7 5 Do. end month 6B 90 Roman Bl 50 Bank Shares 2820 Austrian Credit Mobilier .. 770 Span*. Threes Do. Account ..... 771 26 ! Home Debt 43 -7: RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1390 .. 1385 Northern 921 25 .. 921 25 New ditto. • 845 .. 845 Lyons and Mediterranean 922 60 .. 923 75 Geneva 517 50 „„ Southern Western 570 .. 572 50 Eastern ' Sardinian Austrian Lombard .. .. • 565 .. 566 25 Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 10c. ; money, 25f. 9c.; three months, paper, 24f. 95e. ; money, 24f. 931 e: A new demonstration in favour of the indepen dence of Italy has been made in the Swedish Diet. At a recent sitting of the Chamber of Citizens, M. Lallerstedt read a letter from the National Italian Society, giving thanks to the Swedish nation for the marks of sympathy which it has given to the Italian cause ; and the chamber resolved that the letter should be communicated to the Chamber of Peasants, which had also manifested sympathy to Italy, and that an address in reply to it should be voted in an early sitting. The Diet of Denmark, at ita last sitting, die cussed a motion brought forward by M. Barford for the separation of Church and State ; and, on a divi sion, decided by a large majority that it should be read a second time. The King of the Belgians and the Count de Flandre are about to proceed to his Majesty's seat in the Ardennes, to pass a week or ten days in shooting. Royal decrees in the Madrid Gazette of the 9th confer the Grand Cross of the Order of San Fer nando on General Zabala, commander of the 2d Corps of the Army in Africa, and promote Major- General Garcia, Chief of the Staff of that army, to the grade of Lieutenant-General, and Brigadier Makenna y Munoz, also of the Staff, to that of Major-General. The accounts from IVloroooo in the journals present nothing of interest. TIIE BANK OF FRANCE. The 21Toniieur of yesterday morning publishes the usual monthly debtor and creditor account of the Bank of France, made up to Thursday. The cor responding figures of the last month are added : DEBTOR. Jan. Dec. F. C. F. c. Capital of the Dank 91,250,000 0 91,250,000 0 Ditto, New Profits in addition to Capi tal (Art. 8, Law of Juno _ _ 9, 1857) 1,510,527 65 1,510,527 C 5 Reserve of the Bank New Reserve Ditto in landed property 4,000,000 0 4,000,000 0 Notes in circulation... 7/18,304,225 0 678,514,425 0 Bank-notes to order.... 7,09,718 87 7,340,053 41 Receipts payable at sight 6,981,836 0 6,913,357 0 Treasury account current creditor Sundry accounts current 156,984,184 51 147,127,909 89 Ditto with branch banks 30,717,982 0 32,559,227 0 Dividends payable. 6,113,339 75 621,162 75 Discts. sundry interests 4,991,053 31 2,407,516 97 Commission on deposits... 1,503,470 6 11,497,190 53 Re-discounted the last six months Surplus on bills overdue 1,020 0 3,718 81 Sundries Total 1,444,322,033 31 1,342,308,580 21 CREDITOR. Jan. Dec. P. C. F. C. Cash in hand . 183,450431 79 205,724,393 45 Cash in the branch banks. 350,707,298 0 373,499,643 0 Commercial bills overdue. 513,045 76 421,056 92 Commercial bills dis- counted, not yet due .. 249,089,216 38 221,158,772 61 Do. in the branch banks .. 285,400,338 0 268,002,893 0 Advanced on deposit of bullion. Do. by the branch banks.. 675,400 0 618,400 0 Do. on French public secu rities Do. by the branch banks 13,648,100 0 13,380,700 0 Do. on railway securities 51,843,200 0 51,242,800 0 Do. by the branch banks 33,234,000 0 32,989,250 0 Do.on Cr6dit Foncier Scrip 761,700 0 708,200 0 Do. on branch banks Scrip 268,600 0 298,800 0 Do. to the State on agree ment of June 30, 1848 65,000,000 0 65,000,000 0 Govern, stock reserved 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14 Do. disposable Hotel and furn. of Bank Landed property of branch banks 6,648,896 0 6,725,932 0 Expenses of management 107,026 15 2,014,444 17 Sundries , . Relates Immobiliseesj(law of 9 June, 1857) Total 1,414,822,038 34 1,342,308,530 21 THE CIVIL SERVICE. War-office—Mr. R. E — . M. Millet has been ap. pointed to a temporary clerkship, and passed hi examination. The Admiralty—Mr. Stephen John Graff has been appointed a temporary clerk, and passed his examination; Mr. Donald Owen Lewis M‘Kay has been appointed to a temporary clerkship, and passed his examination ; Mr. Witham Henry Jemmett has been appointed to a temporary clerk ship, and passed his examination ; Mr. William Douglas Legge has been appointed to a tem porary clerkship, and passed his examination ; Mr. William Robert Thomas has been appointed to a temporary clerkship, and passed his exami nation. The Dockyards—Mr. William Penfold, accountant, Woolwich Dockyard, has retired on full pension, after 50 years' service. Mr. Sturges, third-class clerk in the storekeeper's office, Devonport Dockyard, has been transferred to Deptford. Mr. W. G. Gilbert, of Malta yard, has been appointed to Devonport Dockyard. Customs. —Mr. Wm. Collins has been appointed a clerk in the Examiner's-office, London. Mr. Henry Frost has been appointed a clerk in the Long-room, Lon don. Mr. Edmund F. Potter bas been appointed a clerk in the Examiner's-office, London. Mr. James S. Symon has been appointed a clerk in the Long room, London. Mr. George W. Hughes, controller at Wexford, has been promoted to be principal officer at East Hartlepool. Inland Revenue Depart men t.—Stamps and Taxes Branch.—Mr. David Thomas, surveyor, has been removed from Col chester to Tunbridge Wells. Mr. W. G. Keen has been removed from Luton to Tonbridge Wells.. Mr. John Kay, supernumerary surveyor, has been appointed surveyor at Luton excise branch. A Poor-law inspectorship has become vacant by the resignation of Mr. Charles Sharman Craw ford. East ludies—Mr. C. Currie has been ap pointed to officiate as secretary to the chief Com• missioner of Oude. Mr. S. H. C. Taylor has been appointed to officiate as joint magistrate and de puty-collector of Rajahahje.: Mr. A. Smith has been , ppointed to officiate as joint magistrate and, leputy-collector of Purneah. Mr. W. Cot"-, j 1 has been appointed to officiate as joint magistrate and deputy-collector of Tip perah. .Lieutenant-Colonel L. Barrow has been appointed compensation commissioner in Oude. Major 11. Macpherson has been appointed compen sation commissioner at Gwalior, Jhansi, Nyrgong, Seepree, and Goonah. Major Ashburner has been appointed compensation commissioner at Mhow, Bhopawar, Mehidpore, Augur, Sehorc, and Indore. Mr. G. O'Donnell has been appointed deputy superintendent of the Bombay Circle; Mr. H. P. Owen has been appointed deputy-superintendent of Bengal. Mr. H. P. Fane, officiating magi strate and collector of Agra, has been appointed to officiate as civil and sessions judge of Cawn pore. Mr. T. Walton ha s b een a pp o i n t e d to officiate temporarily as magistrate and collector of Sylbet. Mr. E. M. Reily, deputy magistrate and deputy collector of Jehanabad, has been transferred to the 24 Pergunnahs, there to exercise full powers as a magistrate. Mr. M'Mahon, extra assistant commissioner of Umballa, has baen appointed mar riage registrar of Umballa. Mr. H. 1). Philips has been appointed commissioner for the settlement of the affairs of the late Tanjore Rajah. Mr. F. N. Maltby has been appointed resident at Travancore and Cochin, vice Lieutenant-General Cullen, retired. —Civil Service Gazette. STEPHENSON AND BRUNEL.—In accordance with a very generally expressed wish Mr. D. Brucciani, of Little Russell-street, " formatore" to the British Museum, the Royal Academy, and the Department of Science and Art, engaged to produce a pair of busts of these great engineers, and the friends and admirers of the illustrious departed will be glad to hear that the task has been success fully completed. As works of art they have been pro nounced perfect. A day or two a g o we were favoured with a private view of M. Brucciani'shandiwork which excited our highest admiration. The likeness in both - is most striking, and the delicacy of finish remarkable. In a few days we believe it is intended to issue casts to subscribers, but arrangements have also been made by which parties desiring to possess so interesting a memento in either bronze or marble, can have their wishes realised, and that in the highest style of art. EMIGRATION.—Her Majesty's Emigration Com missioners have given notice of their intention to receive tenders on Thursday next, the 19th inst., for shipping to convey liberated Africans to the West Indies from Sierra Leone and from St. Helena, at each of which places there are now about 400 Africans. One ship will be required to pro cced to Trinidad and another to Grenada and St. Vincent. The tenders must specify the rate per adult of ten years and upwards (half-price for children), also the earliest day at which the vessel would be ready to embark the passengers at Sierra Leone or St. Helena. Payment will be guaran teed at the rate named in the tender on 300 passengers, if the vessel can legally carry so many, but if more should be embarked the excess will be paid for at the rate of £2 per heal. MINES.—This week, the buoyant appearance ofthe Mining Share Market, which we noticed in our last, has rather increased. The further rise in copper has given a greater stimulus to dividend stocks, and large investments have been made in both copper, tin, and lead mines. Specu lators, and those who prefer progressive mines for a rise, and far early dividends, have been buying largely in such as Cook's Kitchen, Calvadnack, Trelowet h Wheal ; Unit y , Wheal Grenville, Tolcarne, East Russell,StrayPark, North Itoskear, West Trevolyan, Cystanog, Great Troveddoe,Red moor, North Robert, Gonamena, Pendeen, Wheal Harriet, East Rosewarne, North Frances, West Frances, Holm bush, North Downs, Crowlwm, South Basset, Dave of Towy, West Stray Park, and a few others. Among divi dend mines, C,litford, West Seton, Devon Consols, East Basset, South Frances, West Camden, Trelawney, Kelly Bray, South Caradon, lierodsfoot, United Mines, Provi dence Mines, St. Ives Consols, Wheal Seton, South inquired for; and others , have been most and some of them, as will be• seen, have had a considerable rise in market value. Wheal Clifford have advanced to 320, 330; the accounts at the next meeting will show a credit of about £11,280, and a dividend of £lO, or probably .£ll, per share will be declared. United Mines have been done at 110 to 1121, but leave off bettor, at 110 to 120 ; the 220 fru. level is said to be yielding 22 tons of copper ores per fathom, but is within 20 fathoms of the boundary of Wheal Clifford. East Basset have been as high as 110, and leave off 13:5 to 110; we do not hear of any change or improvement in the Mina, nor can much be expected till the lode is cut in the 90, Gr 0. n o tb l o• Ke a l n ly d St. Aubyn haw been flatter, and leave off 57i to Bray have advanced to 41, 41, and a gout dem an d . Tor came have reached 5; at the meeting a call of 2s. was m: de. In the adit level a good coqrso ore was gone through for several fitthonia, 11 .4 c 1 N.4 , in4e sinking below the edit, 20 fins. east of the shaft, is reported worth 5 tons fm,the mine in depth f u lill th e promises held out at the tulit (anti this wir4o looks well for it), it will soon take a good position.--.ltiiiing /mom/ of this 7 cay. LITERATURE. Pictures of Sporting life and Character. By Lord William Lennox, author of " Merrie Eng land," &c. 2 vols. - Hurst and Blackett. The lovers of sport of every kind—hunting, racing, fishing, shooting, yachting, deerstalking, and all their modifications and varieties—will be highly gratified with the contents of these volumes. Their noble author is well known to the public as a pleasant writer, as well as an accom pli s h e d sportsman ; and his advice and opinions on all points connected with this mode of pursuing plea sure, consequently( carry some weight. He is evidently an enthusiastic lover of sport in its old English sense, strongly denouncing all the tricks and devices of modern introduction, which have transformed pastime into a vehicle for gambling in its worst forms. In every branch of his subject, he upholds the fair and honourable method, entail ing hard work and the exercise of skill, patience, and resource, speaking of the system of the " battue," now so fashionable, in terms no less true than forcible. Steeplechasing is another form of sport which meets with his severest reprobation. He quotes from an old letter on the subject, which says—" The steeplechase is a relic of ancient fool hardiness and cruelty. It is ridden at the evident hazard of the life of the rider, and likewise that of the life and enjoyment of the horse." The author brings a large collection of historical and geo graphical anecdote to vary the more technical portion. The following passage is entertaining . " Among other distinguished patrons of the turf may be mentioned Oliver Cromwell, who (like most other country gentlemen of his day) was fond of field sports. The Pro tector was far from being, by nature, of a gloomy and fero cious disposition, until ambition and the terrors consequent on regicide and usurpation harrowed his soul, and made him a reckless tyrant; indeed ho could at times descend to facetiousness and even buffoonery. An anecdote is related of him which proves that, had he lived in the present age, he would have been a member of the four-in-hand club, and have been much more harmlessly employed than in be heading a king and seizing a throne. Sir John Birken head wrote a poem, entitled The Jolt,' upon Cromwell being thrown off the box of his coach, which he was in the habit of driving through Hyde Park, drawn by six Ger man horses, sent him as a present by tho Court of Olden burg, while his secretary, John Thurloe, was an inside pas senger. It seems that the horses were startled, and ran away, and the Huntingdon :squire, losing all control over them, was thrown on the polo, and was dragged along the ground for some time ; a pistol, which he carried in his pocket, went off, but, by that singular good fortune which ever attended him, he escaped with only a few slight bruises. In despite of the hypocritical cant of puritanism, Cromwell retained a love for the turf, even after he had attained regal power. Richard Place (his master of the stud) was owner of Bustler, got by the Helmsley Turk, of the famous White Turk, the sire of Wormwood and Commoner, and of several brood mares, one of which, a great favourite, he concealed in a vault, during the search for his master's effects at the Restoration, whence she afterwards took the name of the Coffin mare, by which name she stands in many pictures." - - The subjoined pat agraph proves the importance attached to the practice of shooting with the bow in the middle ages : " It will appear that the first use of the cross-bow was introduced into England by William the Conqueror. An act, made in the fifth year of Edward IV., directs that every Englishman shall have a bow of his own height, of yew, ash, wych, hazel, or auburn ; and that butts shall be made in every township which the inhabitants are to shoot at every feast day, under a penalty of a halfpenny when they shall omit this exercise. Several other statutes were made in succeeding reigns for the promotion of archery ; and in the eighth year of Charles I. a commission was issued by that king to the chancellor, lord mayor, and several of the privy council, to prevent the fields near London being enclosed 'so as to interrupt the necessary and profitable exercise of shooting,' and also to lower the mounds where they prevented the view from one mask to another. In 1753, targets were erected in the Finsbury-fields during the Easter and Whitsun holidays, when the best shooter was named captain, and the second lieutenant." The following portrait of the sporting character of the late Premier will interest his admirers : " Lord Derby's secession would have been a great blow to the turf, for his lordship is exactly the man that ought to possess a racing stud. Enlightened in his views, liberal in his transactions, devotedly fond of the sport, highly principled in private and public life, a denunciator of the rascally tricks of the !black sheep' that infest the ring, his loss would be deeply felt. The fact of his wishing to sacrifice an amusement in which he took the very greatest delght, thus following the example of the late Lord George Bentinck, for the purpose of devoting himself seriously to politics, and applying himself undividedly to the advance ment of the interest of the Conservative party in Church and State, placed the noble premier in the highest position a public man can aspire to—that of a real patriot. There aro few individuals who ever enjoyed a race more than the Earl of Dorby. We can see hint now in our mind's eye, with his double glasses, on the Goodwood stand, watching the struggle, and describing, with the most accurate judg ment, the relative position of the running horses. We can picture to ourselves the bright beam of delight that light ened up his intellectual countenance when his black jacket passed the judge's chair first ; nor can we forget tho admi rable good humour with which he bore a beating. His lordship never made racing a vehicle for gambling. He was content to back his horse for small Bums when the adds were long against him, thus risking little, and never suffer ing more than from the disappointment of not gaining the prize. By never betting deeply, his lordship's horses were not scratched, because he could not get enough upon them, a practice that, although sanctioned by high turf authority, is, we consider, most objectionable. Lord Derby ran for sport, and his backers were fully aware that his horses would win if they could." Notwithstanding the noble author's devoted love of sport, he strongly upholds the right of the brute creation to fair play and humane treatment, and takes occasion to censure the cruelty with which cattle are deprived of water on their journeys to markets and slaughter-houses, and quotes the letter of Mr. Bishop of Bond-street, the champion of the dumb creatures. The " Battue" is thus spoken of: " The battue, whtch took its origin from foreign sugges tion, was unknown in E ng l an d i n f ormer d ays, but at present time the slaughter of game effected on the estates of our great men surpasses the surprising quantities killed prior to the revolution of 1789 on the domains of the French nobility. So tame are game of all descriptions in many modern home preserves,' so unaccustomed a re th e y t o an noyance, that fear is a stranger to them. Their qualities as fern natures seem at least suspended, and to shoot them by wholesale, like barn-door fowls, requires no pains, and but little art or skill—certainly not such as merits commen dation or comment. When we separate the ardour, the uncertainty, the occasional inclemency of the weather, and, in a word, all the hardships, as they may bo termed, an nexed to the chase—when, in order to compass the object, we frustrate all need of exertion in fathoming its resources, and cease to place our reasoning and experience, however unavailing at times, against the instinct of the animal—we take away the means of enjoying that exquisite sensation consequent on victory dearly puaschased. To have a spirit of enterprise in the field which nothing can quell; to be patient and persevering under difficulties, however com plicated ; to feel interest without relaxation in what is going on ; to entertain hope under all extremities—this is to have a temper for sporting. "Did any one wish to satirize sporting, he would do it effectually by advocating the present ' eagle in a dovecot' system. Sweet is the breath of morn, her rising sweet , ' says the poet ; so says the sportsman of the old school. Our forefathers, after a substantial meal, usually taken at day break, hurried to the field, where they explored wilds and wastes, their patience and perseverance betokening their ardour, and their efforts continuing often till the period of the setting sun ;and, although their subsequent convivia lity was too often carried to excess, recourse was not so often had to the physician as now-a-days. Toil strung their nerves, and habitual exposure steeled their constitutiors. What a contrast to the battue of our day, when the hour of meeting is midday, when nets are used, and beaters em ployed to drive the game into a corner, when every gunner has a man to load for him, when luncheon occupies at least an hour daring the day, and hen pheasants areindiscrimi nately slaughtred to swell the retu rns of the killed A great portion of the second volume is occupied by a discussion on the merits of yachts and the pursuit of yachting. He gives an amusing descrip tion of his purchase of a yacht, which exposed him to endless modifications and annoyances. It is to be hoped that this chapter of accidents will serve to warn the inexperienced amateur in making a similar purchase. A lengthened account of the best rivers for fishing in England is given, likely to be very useful to the followers of Isaak Walton favourite pursuit. We commend these lively and pleasant volumes to all who pursue the various branches of sporting life. THIS DAY'S SHIPPING. LONDON, Jan. I.l.—Wind this day at noon, South by South-West ; moderate breeze, and hazy. NEWPORT, Jan. 13.—Arrived—Active, from London for St. Thomas; Lanarkshire, from Bristol for Cape of Good Hope; Euphrates, from Bristol for Cape de Verds and the Cape of Good Hope. SWANSEA, Jan. 13.—Wind, S.E.—Sailed— Duke of Northumberland, for Cuba. PORTSMOUTH, Jan. 13.—Wind, E., thick fog—Arrived —A. Bradshaw, from St. Domingo for Bremen. CONSTANTINOPLE, Jan. 3.—Advices from Odessa roport no signs of ice, but much snow and sleet there on the 80th ult., and more or less damage to every vessel in the Mole and Roads through constant bad weather. The following English ships were left there en the 30th ult.:—English man, Mary Ridley, Circassian, Shakspeare, Marina, Bal moral, and two or three others. The Diadem (barque), of Banff, has been run into by the Olaf (Russian steamer) and awaits repairs at the Golden Horn. GRIMSBY, Jan. 13.—Wind, S. l ? , —Arrived—Charles H. Lund (? Hurd), from New Orleans ; Elizabeth, from Shields for London, leaky. --- (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) Wind S.S.E. SOUTHAMPTON, Saturday Morning. Arrived Sultan, steamer, from Lisbon ; Courier, steamer, from Jersey. S oiled—Wonder, steamer, for Jersey; Havre, steamer, for Havre. Wind LIVERPOOL, Saturday Morning. , S. Arrived, Jan. 13-11. T. Vennard and Narraganset, from Now Orleans • ' Th essa lia, screw steamer, from Alex andria ; Laconia, screw steamer, front Constantinople ; Anna and Wild' Wave, from Smyrna ; Mereide, from Dantzic. (BY SUBMARINE AND BRITISH TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Saturday Morning. Wind, calm, thick fog ; four hour's ebb. Arrived—Affinity, from Amsterdam. DEAL, Saturday Morning. Wind, S.S.W. ; light Passed—Europa, [from London, for Demorara; a steam ship transport, from London, for tho West, Amazoue, off South Foreland, all well, LORD MACAULAY. (From the Edinburgh Review.) The melancholy event which suddenly terminates the labours of the most illustrious man of letters whom England had in this age produced, claims in so peculiar a manner from ourselves the expression of that sorrow and regard which are shared by the whole nation, that we hesitate not to depart on this occasion from the usage of our journal, and to record in these lines our sense of so irreparable a loss. Others will relate, as long as literary history ex cites the sympathy and the curiosity of future ages, the varied and inexhaustible gifts which marked out Thomas Babington Macaulay from all his con temporaries. The astonishing activity of his mind had ranged from early youth through every path of literary research ; the capacity and precision of his memory retained and arranged for instant use every page, every thought, every incident, and every name which had at any time attracted his attention. All ha read, all he knew—and what had he not read ? what did ho not know ?—was reflected by some spectral process on his memory, where it remained, subject to no change but that of mortality. Accordingly the studies of his earlier years, the sublime language of the Hebrew Scrip tures, the tragic grandeur of the Athenian stage, the eloquence and wisdom of the orators and his torians of antiquity, and even the discourses of the Christian Fathers, formed the basis of his mental culture, and were no less present to his mind than every other part of the vast structure of mo dern literature and history he raised upon it. Brit while the universal range of his acquirements had rendered him familiar with all _ that was beautiful and elevated in the literature of other ages and other lands, the focus of his genius centred in the history, the language, and. the lite rary life of England. Profoundly versed in the story of her growth, and imbued with the spirit of her freedom ; admirably skilled in the use of his mother-tongue, of which it may be said, as Words worth said of Milton, that in his hands " the thing became a trumpet ;" incredibly familiar with the writings and the life of every man who has left a trace in the letters of this country, till he seemed to have the power of recalling the dead by the vivacity of his own impressions of them, Lord Ma caulay was essentially English in his habits of thought and in his tastes. The strongest of all his feelings were the love and pride excited in him by his native land, for he knew her and admired her, not only as the England of this age, but from the dawn of her annals to the fulness of her strength. In other men gifted with these extraordinary powers of memory, it has been remarked that the mind is over-burdened with its own stores, and that powers of vigorous thought are not unfrequently wanting to animate and control the mass of acquired knowledge. The intellect of Lord Macaulay was more perfectly constituted. He combined so vivid. an imagination with so solid a judgment, that if he had not been a great historian he might have passed down to posterity as a great poet; and, while the amount of his intellectual wealth would have over whelmed a mind of less original power, with him it remained subordinate to the genius of the master. No man was more remarkable for the nice discrimi nation of his critical powers, or for the ingenious combinations by which he threw a new and ♦ivid light on the course of events, the play of human, cha racter, and the principles he lived to advocate and defend. it was this which gave so wonderful a charm to his style; every sentence was instinct with life ; every word touched by his pen left its mark ; and. the same spell which captivated the most accom plished of his contemporaries, and overruled the hostility of his antagonists, gave him an unequalled popularity wherever the language of England is ut. sl.n.stood or admired. We speak of Lord Macaulay mainly as a man of letters, because without doubt that is his chief glory and his most imperishable character ; for, although we have seen and admired the part he sometimes filled in political debate, and his speeches in the House of Commons were not unworthy of himself, he early discerned that he was the heir of a loftier fame than political services can earn, or political distinctions confer. When called by the just fa vour of the Crown to the august ranks of the British peerage, and to that senate which, alas, he was never able to address, the nation felt that his coro net rested upon his matchless literary eminence, and not upon mere party connexion. No peerage conferred by a Minister was ever more cordially sanctioned by the nation, for it was felt that the lustre thrown by his genius upon the peerage sur passed the distinction conferred by the peerage upon himself. No doubt Lord Macaulay was strongly attached to his political friends, and deeply imbued with those immortal principles which have assigned to the Whig party so glorious a share in the an nals and government of this country. But he raised those principles to a higher power. He gave them a broader and more universal character. He traced them along the mighty streams of history, and he expanded them till they reached the noblest des tinies of man. Enshrined in the memorable Essays which first appeared in the pages of this journal, and embodied in the great History which, though still incomplete, includes the most remarkable epoch and the most formidable crisis of British constitu tional freedom, these truths will be remembered in the language he gave them when Parliamentary orators and the contentions of statesmen are for gotten. Above all things his public career was sin gularly high-minded and pure; he was actuated by no selfish motives ' • he disdained every vu l gar re ward, and, bound by principle to the Whig party, he never made the slightest sacrifice of his own judgment and independence to the demands of popular prejudice or to the dictation of authority. The brilliant efforts of accomplished rhetoric, the graphic scenes traced by a vivid imagination, the energetic defence of political principles would, how ever, fail to secure to Lord Macaulay that place which he deserves in the memory of his coun trymen if his prodigious intellectual powers had not been allied to a still nobler temperament. It has been said by some, who must indeed have known him imperfectly, and judged him very un wcoausld generous, li\' live the e d n i t s h i n u - - without thehighest ll tha t h w e i a s e r l t y . , a t Is i h t e e r l e a d c i k b e l d e th t h e a t w ar er qualities 9f the s q i t a i a s t l c ti qu alities m o r t e h r o h o e f a r a t disin terested, genial, and good—could die with out one mana single action to be recorded of him which does not do honour to his flame P No one, indeed, who has lived in, or heard of, the society of London in our time could be ignorant of the animation and bril liancy of his conversation, of the fascinating in fluence which drew the hearers round his chair—of an n ill the lutda emri variednsaliuditn andwith hp a l avi b uttr hulthavntei with : tho] n oewu t sqbhguy unobtrusive through o rwte r l sis e hyf s ieamh o wpna f t ae p thonth a hreoe s yuaw t anapkontsrifndemwothewaiorts munifi cence tap d atH g tue 0 0 : qu r he was ever ready to assist with his counsel and fortune those who were struggling in the hum bler walks of literary toil ; and if we were at liberty to follow him into the narrower circle which bounded his domestic ties, it would be seen that no man ever lived of a more tender and affectionate nature. Many are they who at this hour feel, as we do, they have lost one of the kindest as well as the greatest of their friends ; and although the applause and veneration of the world does, in one sense, perpetuate the existence of so illustrious a writer, we cannot forget that the virtues and the graces we loved in his life and conversation have vanished for ever. Though singularly inaccessible to the ordinary temptatians of vanity or ambition, one wish of per sonal distinction we know him to have entertained, and that wish has been fitly fulfilled. He more than once expressed his earnest desire that his mortal remains might rest in that sepulture of England which inspired one of the most exquisite contemplative essays in the language of Addison, and which has oftentimes been described as the last bourne of human renown by Macaulay. Between the man who made these names immortal there are now but a few feet of stone; both of them are gathered in the same spot to the silent company of their compeers. In that assemblage of poets, ora tors, statesmen, and patriots there rests no nobler Englishman than he whom we have so recently laid there ; and though other occasions will arise for a more ample consideration of his genius and his writings, we drop this tribute of profound sorrow' upon his grave. BURNING OF A COTTON -MILL.—A most disastrous conflagration took place at Blackburn, on Thursday, by which the Swallow-street spinning mill, of Mr. Henry Ward, manufacturer, of Whittle adßlackburn, was totally destroyed. 'r ho fire was discovered in the second story of the mill about 4 o'clock in the morning, by James Huck ing, who lives within a few yars!s of the factory. He at once gave an alarm, and ran to the police-office to inform the fire brigade, who had to be called on duty by the firc bell. In the course of half-an-hour the corporation fire engines were on the spot, but the flames had assumed such magnitude that the brigade contontod themselves by using their efforts to save the adjoining valuable property, con sisting of a warehouse or storeroom, weaving -shed, engine house, &c., and in this duty they were perfectly successful. At 5 o'clock the roof of the mill fell in with a terrible crash, and a fierce flame shot up simultaneously and illu minated the entire neighbourhood, rendering the sky one mass of flames, which was visible for about 15 or 20 miles. Then followed a rapid destruction of the floor and portions of the walls. At 6 o'clock the building was completely guttel, and at 7 only the larger portion Of the wa ll s were left standing, th e b eams w hi c they had hitherto supported being in flames, About noon the whole fi re was extin guished, and the costly mill, with its 26,000 spindles, was utterly destroyed. The origin of the fire is unknown, and although a regular night watchman was employed on the premises, he does not seem to have given the alarm, or been cognisant of the fire. The loss, we regret to say, is only par tially covered by insurance, to the extent, we understand p of £15,000. TI 1 1 th show the h depoz. ling, came mink of tb durin have ter sty increa The b and ti the U causes been d minim sheet 1 Will hi Ac A fa vithdr, The The 1 the Uni the 16t1 annum. The 1 to X2B€ Loan a A ca Severn In th demand previou 8,000 b, Since b een ab, elusi ve , (I ° ll to , 41111ruda Sa v e Mor e /or tial °r th e b, and th e Consols count, quotatio action ! , close of dueed az 229 ; chequer Busing raoderati 6 per C 65 ; and Spanish Cents. t 4 i; and The 0 are lf tc the San ] Turkey • Vern; The ha a ver h a rll 4 4" B°ll l N or The F. )11 48. 3 . to IA 41 01-► -ce ll i ll Tiotatioz Li Belgian, 4 31( Gold Gold sii v ; Zoz