The Sun. — London, England, 1829-09-22 00:00:00

is the case, is proved by the official accounts, printed by order of the House of Commons (20th March, 1825). It appears, for example, that during the 17 years ending with 1827, while the population had increased nearly 3,000,000, the ale licences in England and Wales had hardly been augmented, —their number is 1810 being 49,061, and in 1827 only 49,327. The case, however, was very diffe rent with the spirit licenses,—their number having increased from 37,011 in 1810, to 42,599 in 1827 ; so that, under this most moral, or, as Bentham would call it, sobriety-preserving system,' there is an increase of 266 ale licenses, and 5,588 spirit licences ! With such official facts staring us in the face, one must be sceptical indeed not to admit that the duties, difficulties, and obstructions laid on the manufacture and sale of beer, have taken effect. In deed, it may be hilly presumed, supposing the pre sent system to be maintained for a few years longer, that beer-drinking will be as little in fashion in Eng land as in Italy. We shall then, no doubt, be, as we are at this moment, the most moral and religious. people in the world ; and we shall also add to our other numerous excellences, that of being the greatest gin-drinkers." • • * * " If, after all that has been already said, any thing further were required to evince the destructive na ture of the present system, it might be found in the fact, that almost the whole of the late extraordinary increase in the spirit licenses has taken place in the metropolis, and in those districts where the brewers' monopoly is most complete. In the home-brewing districts there has been little or no increase. It should also be borne in mind, that owing to the mode adopted in London, and other great towns, of retailing spirits in glasses, generally of no defined measure, to a person standing at a counter or bar, hundreds if individuals may be served, and frequently are so seated, is a very small space of time. But to drink of his beer comfortably, a man must have some time, and perhaps also a pipe, and a newspaper. It is plainly, therefore, for the interest of the publican to encoufage the sale of spirits in preference to beer. And, with characteristic sagacity, legislators, justices, and parsons of the land, join together, by laying oppressive duties, prohibitions, and restrictions, on the manufacture and sale of beer, to augment the gieward bias. If blue ruin do not rapidly spread its ravages amongst us, it is not for want of legislative, and worshipful, and reverend encouragement. " We will now bring into a short compass the various duties affecting malt liquor, before it can be drunk by the lower or middle classes ; " Mali duty (nett amount) £3,340,000 . . _ " Beer duty (ditto) 3,200,000 64 Maitstmie licences " Biewers lieences 164,000 441,000 " lip duty (nett amount of 1828) " Increased rent 0f50,000 public-houses At the rate of 20!. per annum each 1,000,000 £3,165,000 " We have clready seen, that from a fourth to a firth of all the malt manufactured in England is used in the houses of the rich and the great; and we have also seen that the beer brewed by them is wholly exempted from the beer duty. Deducting►, therefore, one-fourth, or 835,0001., from the malt duty, and one-fourth, or 110,0001., from the hop duty, on account of the malt and hops used by the privileged classes, it is plain that the whole of the remaining duties and charges, amounting to the enormous sum of 7,220,0001., must fall entirely on the natural and healthy beverage of the lower and middle eiasses. - 5‘ It appears from the Parliamentary paper, No. 51, September, 1827, that of the total quantity of malt made in England find Wales, in 1824, 1825, and 182 C, 21,647,000 bushels were, at an average, made use of by public brewers and victuallers; and it is now seen that the aggregate nett duties and charges, exclusive of the hop duty, impo•ed on this malt, amount to 6,889,0001., and, adding to this 600,0004 as the expense of collection, we have a total suer of 7,489,0001., being at the rate of very near 7s. a bushel. But the average price of barley does not exceed 4s, a bushel; so that it follows that the material of one of our great na tional manufactures,---that the first luxury, if it b 3 not rather a necessary of the poor, is subjected to taxes amounting to the unprecedented sum of 1751. per cent. ad valorem! This, we are inclined to think, is the greatest stretch of fiscal rapacity of which inc.- tlern Europe has to boast. The rich man buys his Port, Burgundy, and Champagne, his tea and coffee, on paying duties which, though abundantly high, do not in any case exceed 100 per cent., or 20s. in the pound. Not so the pooe man. Justice is meeted out to him with different measure, He cannot touch a glass of beer without being liable to a duty of 175 per cent., or of 355. in the pound. " That the landlords have great influence in Par liament is evinced by the divisions on the Corn Laws. Why, then, do they not exercise it to relieve the only treat manufacture belonging wholly to the l an d, from the duties and prohibitions by which it is thus weighed down ? They have it in their power to double ti 3,2 demand for barley, without in any respect injuring the revenue. If they continue quietly to toiorate the preset system, it will show that they are as indifferent to te4 owninterests as to those of the public. " It is contended by some that the malt duty ought to be entirely repealed, because it is not pos, sible to assess it fairly; that by lessening the con. oumption of barley, it occasions a loss to the pro prietors of light land snit.able for barley and turnips, frost which the proprietors of land suitable for wheat And oats are totally exempted. we are not dis posed to attach much weight to this staLerriant• It is not of the imposition of duties on mait, b;,:t pf their abuse, that we complain. If taxes be not laid on income, they must be laid on commodities; and to make them productive, they must be laid on those in general demand. But we era sure we have aiready stated enough, and far more throe enough, to show that the present mode of charging the duty on malt is about the very worst that rapacious igno, ranee could devise. The officers ought, on no ac count, to be allowed to interfere either directly or indirectly with the manufacturer; but the duty should be ascertained either by measuring the grain before it is put into the cistern , or attar. t is in the cistern, Of after it is taken out of it. The existing regulation; did not repress, but augment, smuggling and fraud. Their on'y ef fect, as we have already stated, is to deteriorate the quality and raise the price of malt, to put the malt ster in the pwer of the officer, and consequently t& drive out, and 1,- , Tp out of the trade, many respect able persons, who would otherwise continue to en gage in it. " With respect to the 13er duty, it ought to be entirely and unconditionally Mr. Sadler has been delivering himself of a furious tirade, at Whitby, against the Fitt Trade System. His speech, as it appears in the York Herald, oc,eupies a whole page : " And first (he says), if we turn our eyes to the agrict:lturists—who, if calculated as Adam Smith intimate, in reference to the employments solely dependent upon them, which in our census are placed in the other class, will amount, as I have proved elsewhere,. to two-thirds of the industrious part of the comanni;ty—l say, turning to the agri cultural operatives, wi;:kt is their condition ? The farmers of the kingdom tze on the verge of ruin ; many of them are already inextricably engulphed ; poverty and distress pursue,and have already reached them. The labourers, in entire counties together, are in the deepest distress, and are aisnost univer sally pauperised; and their distressed condition has had its full share in reducing the manufacturing ope ratives to a like or even a worse condition. With' tens of millions of acres of land wholly uncultivated, millions of which are amon gs t th e r i c h est co il s i n th e world; with millions more, especially in Ireland ' not half laboured; and with an incredibl e an d increasing number of hands out of employment, and whom we must sustain, though we wholly lose their labours , things have been at length so happily managed that we habitually employ the labourers of distant coun tags (applause) while ours are idle; call theirfields into cultivation while we neglect our own; furnish with capital foreign rivals in other branches of in dustry which they will assuredly employ against us, while we voluntarily diminish the national re sources ; and still our population is inadequately, and, relatively speaking, dearly fed." Mr. Sadler is an orator, and exaggeration is of the very essence of oratory. "We habitually employ the labourers of distant countries while ours are idle." How do we contrive to requite the labourers of distant countries, if our own labourers are idle ? We had imagined that labour was the foundation of all wealth, and no country would give you the produce of its labour for nothing. By this new theory of Mr. Sadler's, however, it seems the other nations of Europe are so obliging as to toil for the mere pleasure of allowing its to remain idle. In all times there has been some cuckoo-cry for the people of this country. At present the cry is for trade, though, God knows, there is not much freedom to boast of.—Morning Chronicle. The last intelligence from Constantinople amply confirms the accortnt in the Chronicle of , Saturday. A paragraph which we have copied from a cotemporary of last night, details the exertions of the Representatives of the different Governments, and the success with which they have been already attended. The Turks are now in that condition in which alone Turks can be brought to reasonable terms; for they have no idea of forbearance from any other cause than fear ; and they would have interpreted modera tion, on the part of their enemy, to the impos sibility of conquering them. They will now be sufficiently humble and compliant ; and the Mediating Powers will, we trust, experience no difficulty from either of the Belligerents. The Emperor of Russia, when he put his armies in motion, issued a Manifesto, stating the object of the war, and the terms on which he would make peace. He distinctly disclaimed all views of territorial aggrandizement, though lie cer tainly, at the same time, used language with re gard to indemnification for the expellees of the war, and guarantees for the future good conduct of the Turks, which letive room for latitude of construction. It will immediately occur to most people, that it is much easier to ask an indemnification for the expence of the war from Turkey, than to obtain one ; and it may be thought also, that there can be no guarantee for the safe passage of Russian vessels through the Dardanelles, short of occu pation of the country. That Turkey is with- 1 out the means of raising the money at once may be easily conceived; and that the Russians will not quit their conquests till they are indemnified may also be taken for granted. But if there is a good understanding among the different Powers, which we believe there is, it is not impomible that what took place when France was occupied may be repeated ; that the Powers may gua rantee a loan to Turkey for the indemnification, and to secure the re-payment of the money as well as strengthen the executive, furnish such a contingent of troops for the occupation of Thrace, as may be necessary. The French Papers are anxious, for the sake of popular effect, to attri bute their new Ministry to England, and it suits them also to represent the present posture of af fairs in the East as humiliating to us in an espe cial degree. This may be all very clever in the way of party politics. A little time, however, will, we doubt not, show that the Government of England has acted throughout on much surer grounds than they give it credit for. In fact, we do not believe that there is any disposition at present in the European Governments to extend their dominions. Russia was certainly very much hampered on the side of Turkey, and may not have been sorry that the obstinacy of that Power furnished her with a good pretext for the steps she. has taken. But having laid her old enemy prostrate, and tamed the Turks suffici ently for all time to come, she will be satisfied. She will at all events find it expedient to appear satisfied ; for we do not believe she will, in the teeth of her own declaration, with all the great Powers looking on, venture on an attempt at territorial aggrandisement. There is, however, one difficulty—the disposing of the Asiatic con- quests. The conquests in that quarter, afford ing, as they would, an easy communication from the Black Sea with the Mons-Caucasian pro vinces, would add greatly to the value of the latter, which, at present, are a heavy burden to Rassia. Besides, the Armenians, who have shown so marked a preference for Russia, have a claim on her, not to be abandoned to their old oppressors. We foresee the difficulty will be in this quarter. It is of immense consequence to the great Powers to set their faces against all at tempts at conquest, as opening a door to wars and revolutions. One encroachment justifies another ; and the best policy is to resist the first attempt. Even the dismemberment of Turkey, on the side of Asia, is an ugly precedent. Hence, we have no doubt that England, Austria, and Prussia, and even France, will look with great jealousy on any such dismemberment. A little time will now serve to threw light on the views of the parties.—Bid. There never was a greater deception in a nauie than in that of " free trade," as applied to the circumstances of this couutry. If the manufacturers of Great Britain were in a situa- tion to enter into free competition with the ma nufitcturers of the rest of the world, then, Pro• yi,de.4 the tariff.; of other nations were as Mimi] as our Lyn,- " free trade" would be, in fact, what it is in name, 4;0 reciprocal benefits would flow from it. How stand;, 019 case at present ? Trade is free in our markets to thoge foreign manufacturers who can produce their goods at an expand considerably below the cost of pro duction in Eng4nd ; but it is not free in reality to our own manufacturers, because the taxes raised to pay the interest of spp millions of debt enhance the cost of production so roue!' as to operate upon native goods, in a great mea sure, as the prohibitory system used to do upon foreign manufactures—that is, keep them out of the market. The manufacturers are under the ne.c;e444ty of endeavouring to overcome the diffi culties 14.1 this state of things places them by substituting La.4,inery as much as possible for human labour. If tsney ,etriuloy men instead of machinery, they cannot aff'Srli ,to give them wages that can procure any thing like a con - i-, fortable subsistence. Hence the wretched condition of those artizans ire general who are in actiial. employment, while thou• sands are put ot i tt 0 work altogether.— The political economists v i e pprpetually talking of the evils of over-populatiPo, .41?(:1 ykt they approve of that state of things which makes tb,2 manufacturers substitute the powers of wood and iron Or the bones and sinews of living men, and thereby irtc,,weqses all the evils of over-popu lation. What do iitti,cimy theorists and the wcaehers of a heartless philosophy" care f or the misery and destitution which are y 4 pw)y overspreading tha. face of this once prosperous country, and converting her hardy, generous, manly population into one vast mast of Lazza roni ? Their system takes not into calculation any thing but the increase of " capital," at what ever expellee of human suffering or public mo rality it may be obtained —or, at least, appear to be so. Their maxin is quocztnque mod° rem— their paradise the place " where wealth accumu lates and men decay."—But their calculations prove in the end as false as their morality. In a nation where the industrious classes of society become impoverished and demoralized, the pro sperity of the whole system of society is sapped at its base. Never was there so much luxury and external splendour among the higher ranks in ancient Rome as when the population, whose vigour and virtues constituted the stamina of the empire, were sinking into wretchedness and de basement ; and the power that awed the world was hastening into rapid decline. There are, no doubt, many who have more feeling for the poor than political economists display in their theories of " improvement," who were induced to join in the cry for what is called " free trade" by the fascinating influence of the name ;—they were dupes to the specious promise of the term; they believed that " free trade" would be in practice what the words implied. They did not take into account the circum stances of the country, which precluded the pos sibility of our manufacturers entering into free competition with those of other countries, who paid little, if any taxes. Thus a fine and showy term imposed upon their understandings, aLd they assisted in making the prosperity of Eng land a sacrifi ce t o th e magic of a name. But those have more to answer for whose systematic object it is, and long has been, to raise a wall of separation between the rich and the poor—to make " capital," or the appearance of it, the standard of all worth, and to immolate the vir tues, the honour, and the moral prosperity of the country on the altar of Mammon. Do we say that all the existing misery of England is owing to "free trade ?" by no means; but we say that the consequences of the breaking down of the system under which English commerce rose from its cradle into the display of its giant energies, has greatly aggravated the distress arising from other causes. This is becoming more apparent every day to all but those who are wilfully blind. Even Mr. Huskisson, if we may judge by some expressions that have fallen from him in public, does not view the extensive scene of misery which comes within the horizon of his scheme without feeling the confidence in his favourite system shaken. He was seduced by the praises of the " philosophers," who dandled him into popularity in the press. We suspect that the daring hand of Mr. Sadler, backed by the force of sad experience, has some what deranged his honours and made them sit rather awkwardly upon him. He has already thrown out an intimation of the possibility of "modifying" his opinions —any qualification of such errors must eventually lead to retracting them. But whether the author of the system be flexible or obstinate, certain it is that his own experiment has disproved his theory, and the scope which he has had for carrying his visionary speculations into practice has established their confutation.—Morning Herald. One or two of our contemporaries are profuse in their commendations of Sir E. B. Sugden, on account of a recent visit paid by him to the un fortunate persons confined in the Fleet Prison for contempt of the Court of Chancery, and look upon it as the certain harbinger of some stre nuous effort on the part of the Hon. and Learned Gentleman to reform all the abuses that either exist or are imagined to exist in the practice of this Court. We have no wish to detract from the merit of Sir E. Sugden, although we fear the expectations of our contemporaries are some what too sanguine. We trust the miserable ob jects of his attention have reaped more substan tial and immediate advantages from his presence among them than any which his zeal or energy in the cause of reform are likely to produce. If we had any reason to suppose that this visit was paid with a view to diffuse a notion _ of the Solicitor-General being peculiarly anxious to qualify himself for a Chancery reformer, the re collection would be forced upon us that the most ostentatious reformers have never yet, upon any occasion, been the most judicious or successful ones. Nor could we in this case escape the sus picion that the desire to purchase a little popula rity at a cheap rate was the leading motive of th e Learned Gentleman, s i nce it i s qu it e certain that the prisoners in the Fleet could give him no in formation bearing at all upon the subject of Chancery reform, of which he has not been fully in possession for at least twenty years, during the whole of which period he has we believe been a strenuous advocate of the existing system.. Nothing indeed is more easy than to talk of the evils that spring from the present practice of the Court of Chancery, and nothing more difficult, if we may judge from the degree of success which has hitherto attended every attempt, than to suggest any remedies which would not be likely to produce evils still more extensive and perni cious.—Morning Post. The Procris gun-brig, Captain PA GET, arrived at Kingstown on Thursday, from a cruise On the coast of Scotland. The Right Hon. the Earl and Countess of ERROL visited Captain PAGET on Saturday, and were honoured with a salute of fifteen guns. The Procris sailed on Monday morning for Cork. FROM A CORRESPONDENT.—A large sea fish was thrown up dead on the Ynysfechan shore, near Llangranog, on the 20th ult., of the following dimen sions—length 28 feet, and IS in circumference ; its mouth so lirge that it could easily swallow three men at once ; its lower jaw is longer than the upper—has a very large tongue, and remarkable teeth in the hover jaw, about eight inches long, three broad'at the botton, and one and an eighth thick across the mouth, quite cloie to one an other. Its belly is like half-inch reeds moulded by a car penter, and in colour a lightish blue; back rather of a yellow cast; its flesh is very like swine's, and produces good oil. It weighs eight tons, and is supposed to be a whale.--[" Very like a whale."—En.]—Carmarthen .journal. FRIGHT 74Y A LIVING GHOST.-011 the n i g ht o f ow last Martinmas market, a dreadful and me lam:l:Ay noise was heard by the landlord end domestics of a house in this town, which alarmed them to spell a (le4ree, that they one and all declared it must be a ghost. On making an elaborate search, each individual with his cudgel to protect himself, and in readiness for resistance, the landlord took courage to open the window blinds— when, to the great astonishment of the party, the ghost that had caused such general dismay proved to be a Dun eta'n gnat. Of course the intruder was speedily silenced ; but the circumsi:aing, snid our informant very gravely, should be a warning to all go,t dplers to give notice to the inhabitants in their neighbourhood, before spell ani mals can hereafter molest them at untimeous hours.—in verness Courier. STATE OF THE TOWN.—We are happy to tta4 *at .infle our last publication, masters and m e n have sp far approximo , 74? that in one factory, (th a t o f M essr s. THACK4AY, in 4ncoatB . 4 tke winners ha ve re t urne d t o their employ upon modified Prices. What the precise na ture of the agreement is we are unable to cay. The town has'enjoyed its usual quiet until yesterday, when some hundreds assembled round the mill of illmsrs. BIRLEY, in Oxford-road, and after giving several shouts, indicative of sentiments, proceeded to the mills of Mr. D. Hour and Messrs. fh - k intrpap. Not one act of violence, how ever, occurred;' but (4e wil9le multitude ultimately dis pereed peaceably.—FlVanchester 4drertivw, SECOND EDITION. SUN OFFICE, Seven o'clock, THE LONDON GAZETTE OF THIS EVENING. Whitehall, Sept. 21. The King has been pleased to present the Rev. John Brown Patterson to the church and parish of Falkirk, in the presbytery of Linlithgow, and county of Stirling, va cant by the death of the Rev. James Wilson. The King has alio been pleased to present the Rev. John Imray to the church and parish of Longiide, in the presbytery of Deer and county of Aberdeen, vacant by the death of the Rev. Thomas Kidd. The King has also beers pleased to present the Rev. Francis Carman to the Church and Parish of Tealing, in the presbytery of Dundee and county of Forfar, vacant by the transportation of the Rev. George Todd to the Church and Prrish of Dundee. Commission in the Royal Carnarvon Rifle Corps, signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the county of Carnarvon. Lieut. William Chapman, half-pay Rifle Brigade, to be Adjutant (with the rank of Captain), vice Sewell, dec. March 28. Commissions in the Wilts Yeomanry, signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the county of Wilts. Devizes Troop—T. H. S. B. Eqcourt, Gent. to be Cornet, vice Pollhill, promoted. Dated Sept. 3, 1829. Salisbury Troop—H. Everett, Gent. to be Cornet, vice the Hon. H. B. Arundel!, tesigned. Sept. 4. DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. William Abbott, Aldersgate-street, coal-merchant. BANKRUPTCY ENLARGED. William Taylor, Lombard-street, stationer, from Sept. 25 to Oct. 2, at tile Court of Commissioners. BANKRUPTS. John Smith, Western-place, Portman Green, Maryle hone, to surrender Sept. 29, at eleven, Oct. 2, and Nov. 3, at ten, at the Court of Commissioners. Pdterson, Bou verie-street, Fleet-street. Robert Alexander, Great Coram-street, Brunswick square, bookseller, Sept. 29, at ten, Oct. 6, at nine, and Nov. 3, at eleven, at the ornhill. Parton and El lk St. Mildredj.-court, Poultry. John and Robert Thomson, Liverpool, merchants, Oct. 19, 20, and Nov. 3, at one, at the Clarendon-buildings, Liverpool. Holden, Liverpool; Ellis, Walmsley, and Gorton, Chancery-lane. Charles Spicer, Margate, victualler, Sept. 25, Oct. 6, and Nov. 3, at twelve, at the Court of Commissioners. Vandercom and Comyn, Bush-lane, Cannon-street. Joseph Marshall, Foleshill, Coventry, ribbon-manufac turer, Sept. 29, at six, 30, at ten, and Nov. 3, at eleven, at the King's Head Inn, Coventry. Austen and Hobson, Gray's-Inn, London ; Troughton and Lea, Coventry. DIVIDENDS. J. Jones, Machynlleth, Montgomeryshiry, timber-mer chant, Oct. 20, at eleven, at the Oak-hill, Pool, Mont gomeryshire—P. Selby, Angel-court, Throgmorton-street, Oct. 20, at one, at the Court of Commissioners—W. ()s -well, Angel-court, Throgmorton-street, at one, at the Court of Commissioners—S. Beuzeville, Henly-upon- Thames, silk-manufacturer, Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners, Basinghall-street, London-- J. Price and W. Unwin, Highbury, victuallers, Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners—T. Evetts, Bir mingham, refiner of metals, Oct. 15, at one, at the Royal Hotel, Birmingham —G. H. Crowther, Frodsham, Chester, bookseller, Oct. 15, at twelve, at the office of W. Bartley, Liverpool—J. Scott, M. Ellis, Cateaton-street, warehouse men, Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners— J. Wyatt, Plymouth, rope-maker, Nov. 11, at eleven, at Elliott's Royal Hotel, Devonport--J. Gibbins, W. W. Smith, and W. Goode, Birmingham, bankers, Oct. 16, at twelve, at the Royal Hotel, Birmingham-- T. Lambert, Sandal Magna, York, tanner, Oct. 15, st eleven, at the Sessions-house, Wakefield—T. 111‘Leod, Chichester, draper, Oct. 13, at two, at the Court of Corn missioners. CERTIFICATES—OcT. 13. T. Tinley, jun. Liverpool, merchant—W. V. Spencer, Swanage, Dorsetsliire, cattle-dealer—P. Brown, Bland ford-Forum, Doreetshire, victualler—J. W. Buckland, Great Tower -street, tailor—R. Carruthers, Gracechurch street, hosier—E. J. Blackwell, Nailsworth, Gloucester shire, woollen-cloth-tnanufacturer. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. A. and W. Wood, Bricklayers, Hastings, Sussex—R. Duncan and John Fletcher, merchants, Liverpool—J. Garnett, G.Winterton, and H. Dick, Liverpool, merchants —J. and J. Heckle, Liverpool, coopers—T. Phipp, C. W. 13urmester, and T. Blackett, Bishopsgate Within— S. Shipton, R. and R. Poppleton, Russell -street, Bermond sey, leather-factors—J. and G. Oates, merchants, Halifax, merchants--R. and L. L. Tovey, whip-manufacturers— IL Lock and T. Humphrey, Thames-street, merchants— J. Pocock and J. Endicott, Bath, farriers—J. and R. Harper, Norwich, dyers—J. Howell, B. James, H. Gil lett, T. Stroud, and C. Lee, Regent-street, warehousemen —J. Overton and W. Smith, Sculcoates, York—J. R. Crowe and H. D. Woodfall, Normay, merchants— J. Shillito and J. Frear, Knottingley, Yorkshire, rope makers—R., P., and G. A. Smith, Wallridge, Glouces tershire—J. Murrell and C. Hurst, Great Titchfield street, St. Marylebone. FOREIGN INTELLIGENC FPENCII AND GERMAN PAPERS. (From the Journal des Dehats of Friday.) PARIS, SEPT. 18.—The most indifferent cannot see without sorrow the abyss, on the borders of which the Ministers have dragged France in less than six weeks. There are some fundamental questions that ought never to be agitated under a regular Government, but these terrible questions are all now agitated at once. We are again thrown on the burning ashes which it was supposed were for ever extinguished, and which power is imprudently rekindling at the risk of a vast conflagration. France, which was tranquilly reposing under the protection of the Charter, is eagerly putting its frontiers in a posture of defence against an invading Ministry. She opens her arsenals, and draws forth those formidable arms she would have willingly allowed to rust. Two months ago it was asked, shall we have next Session a municipal and departmental law ? Will the Cham ber at length occupy itself with our roads and ca nals? What measures will it take to relieve the wine-growers ? Peaceful questions, infallible signs of the return of peace and good order. Now the question every where asked is, what are the Mi nistry plotting against the Charter? Which of the articles will they preserve, which will they sup. press ? Will they endeavour to do without the Chambers, or, which is the same thing, will they, by some coup crelat, alter their composition ? Questions full of trouble and of peril ; and the Mi nister!, who cause them, and justify them, by the hostile declamation of their journals, terrified by the festivities at Lyons, seek an excuse for their violent measures, in that which constitutes their crimi nality—the actual state of the country. - - (From the Constitutionnel of FriJiy.) PARIS, SEPT. lB.—lt appears certain that the Ministry, Blamed at the unanimous expression of national opinion, has recoiled from the desperate measures which it intended. These bullies have begun to tremble. They now, like the fox in the fable, exclaim that " the grapes are sour." The counter•revolntion, forced into its last en trenchments, acknowledges with alaan, that the Elective Chamber has the right of refusing to adopt the Midget : we shall soon prove that with a danger ous Ministry, hostile to the Constitutional Throne, and the public liberties, it is not only a right but a duty. THE HAGUE, SEPT. l 7 .—His:Royal Highness the Mince of Orange will, in the course of next week, ro om the Burgher guards in the capital, and other towns of the provinc e of Liege. His Excellency the Minister of Finance is ex pected here, from Brussels, next week, with his bureaux. The heavy rains of the last week produced the hitherto unheard of event, a high September flood ; it attained its g' Gaest elevation on Sunday evening, when a considerable part of our meadows were under water ; the height was certainly not so great as in some of the winter floods, though its altitude was about 10i feet above the usual level of the Trent. Since that period, the water has been regularly subsiding, and is now almost entirely within the river banks.—Nottinuham Review. SPANISH REPUGEE'I. On Saturday the Lord Mayor and a from the Committee for dispensing the bs.riziii contributions of the public for the relief of the Spanish and Italian Refugees, waited upon the Earl of Aberdeen, in consequence of the recent arrival of several Spanish emigrants in this country. It appears that between forty and fifty of those unfor tunate men have lately come to London, having been compelled to leave Spain, arid making their election of England as a refuge, instead of France or America, to either of which countries the Spanish Government would not have objected to send them. A Committee had been held on Thursday at Guild hall, for the purpose of taking the applications of the new corners into consideration. They reached Lon don pennyless, arid gave the disagreeable intelli gence that upwards of 300 more might be expected. The Committee did not feel any hesitation in de termining not to apply any of the funds raised for the specific object of relieving the old and numerous claimants to any incidental emergency, arid of course those who applied were informed that they had no thing to expect. The unfortunate men were, how ever, supplied with what satisfied their immediate wants by some of the members. We understand, that the Chief Magistrate, with that prompt hu manity for which lie has been distinguished since the commencement of his public life, represented to the Earl of Aberdeen the deplorable condition of these poor strangers, and urged the necessity of contriving some expedient by which they might be saved from starvation, and at the same time disposed of in such a manner as to throw no additional expense upon the Government. To this we understand the Earl of Aberdeen replied, that his Majesty's Government bad taken the question into their most serious con sideration, and that it was deemed inexpedient to augment the public burdens by making alditional allowances to the emigrants. As the laws of this country stood, there was no alternative, if they re mained here, but parochial relief; but he believed that an arrangement would soon take place, by which the country would be relieved from the pres sure of this heavy tax. Government were now paying to the emigrants about 18,0001. a year—a sum which bad no reference to the charitable con tributions which had been received ; but there was every reason to believe that King Ferdinand would, in compliance with the request and remonstrance of Government, grant an amnesty in favour of all the emigrants in this country, with the exception of about thirty, who were considered inveterately hos tile to the state of things in Spain.—Sunday Paper :•ion ROBBERY AT THE WAGGON AND HORSES, MANCHESTER. In our last we mentioned an extensive rob bery which had been effected at the house of Mr. Lowe, the sign of the Waggon and Horses, in the Pork Shambles, and that a person named Farrady had been taken up on sus picion of being one of the robbers. We are happy to say that these suspicions have, upon investigation, proved entirely unfounded, and that the right parties have been apprehended and committed to the Sessions. In consequence of information received by the police, on Satur day last, Jefferson, the officer, and Mrs. Lowe, went off to Liverpool, where the thieves it - was supposed had taken refuge. On arriving in that town they found that the police had already one man in custody of the name of Jonas Lan cashire, and whom Mrs. Lowe immediately identified as one of the party who had been at her house on the night of the robbery. Lancashire was given in charge by the land lord of the house where he put up, who sus pected from the quantity of cash of which he was in possession, that he had been concerned in some robbery in the neighbourhood. Three other men, well known to the police of Man chester, were likewise apprehended in Liverpool, two of whom Mrs. Lowe recognized as being of the party up stairs the night the robbery was committed. Their names were William Roden, a letter-press printer ; William Plant, and Wil liam Eastwood. Plant was taken coming to inquire after Lancashire at the Bridewell, and Roden, in the Court, during his examination before the Magistrates. Eastwood was appre hended in the town, but in consequence of Jef ferson being doubtful as to his being one of the thieves, was di3charged ; Mrs. Lowe, however, still insisting that he was in company with the rest on the Thursday evening, he was again taken, and the whole of the suspected thieves brought to Manchester, for examination at the New Bailey. On Thursday last they were brought up before Mr. Foster, when the fbllow ing chain of evidence was disclosed. On the Saturday before the robbery, Lancashire and Davenport called at the Waggon and Horses, and were accommodated with a room up stairs. From the situation of the room in which they sat, they had a good view of Mr. Lowe's bed room, where he generally kept his cash. On the Thursday following Roden and Lancashire went into the house together, about five o'clock in the afternoon. Mrs. Lowe furnished them with ale in the news-room, on which occa sion she noticed, particularly, a beautiful brooch in Lancashire's breast, and a brilliant ring on his finger. The prisoners then said they expected a third person to meet them, and de sired to be accommodated with a room up stairs. They, however, went away shortly afterwards ; and about eight o'clock Lancashire returned, ac companied by Eastwood. Roden followed a few minutes afterwards. On this occasion they were shewn to the parlour up stairs, which com mands a view of Mr. Lowe's bed-room. The chamber-maid usually sat in the lobby into which these doors opened, and the difficulty with the thieves must have been to accomplish their ob ject without exciting her suspicions. The mo ment taken, however, for effecting the robbery, was when she was called down stairs to make out the bill of an inmate who was leaving. During the time she was in the bar for this pur pose, which was not more than ten minutes, Roden was observed, by Mrs. Lowe, to come down stairs and walk to the front door, and then return, stamping heavily as he re-ascended into the room. This was, doubtless, done to drown any noise which his companions might acci dentally make in effecting the robbery. In the course of a few minutes afterwards, the three came down together, and left the house. O n the same evening, Lancashire went to a coach stand, and hired a coach to take him to War rington, on his way to Liverpool, where h e was followed, on the following day, by the remainder of his companions. The cash stolen amounts in gold and silver to upwards of 3001., and was lodged in an old-fashioned chest of drawers and writing-desk. This had been forced open by a jemmy, as there were evident marks of violence both on the exterior and in the lock. The only evidence against Plant was his being a known associate of Roden and Lancashire, and his being found at Liverpool with them ; and Da venport was only seen with Lancashire on his first visit. On Eastwood was found upwards of thirty sovereigns. At the examination on Thursday, Mrs. Lowe swore positively to the persons of Roden, Lancashire, and Eastwood, On Lancashire were found the ring and brooch answering to the description given by Mrs. Lowe.L illoden declared he had not been in the Waggon and Horses for six months, and Batt wood stated that he was at Ormskirk fair on the day of the r o bb er y, an d rema i ne d t h ere all n ight. After a long investigation, Plant and Dave l c port were discharged, and Roden, E as twood , and Lancashire, committed to take their trials t the ensuing sessions. During the whole of th e examination, the prisoners behaved in the 11 1 ° 3t impudent and unbecoming manner.—Manchesie r Advertiser. 1 (From the Limerick Chronicle, Sept. 16.) GENERAL COURT MARTIAL. The President and Members re-assembled according to adjournment yesterday morning, at the new Barracks, when Lieutenant-Colonel Bayly read his defence, and called th e following witnes.es to give evidence in support of hi s statement :—Captain Hawley, late of the 98th Reginuto t, Major-General Sir Edward Blakeney, and Lieut. Free' bairn, of the 98th Regiment. The Adjutant-General, Colonel Gardiner, had Assistant' Surgeon Cavet, 97th Regiment, recalled to contradict tit s testimony of this Officer on a point of time connected wit h the charge imputing severe corporal punishment. After the examination of Corporal Reynolds and Sur e° Tidley, of the 98th Regiment. the President declared tl case for the prosecution and defence to have closed, an d intimated that the Court would meet again on Thurstisi morning at eight o'clock, to hear the rejoinder to e videnc e of the Adjutant-General. As we conclude the Presiden t and Members will, on that day, arrive at a final decision on the charges preferred, we mean in our next to furnish O r readers, a summary of the evidence adduced on both side , accompanied by Lieutenant-Colonel Bayly's statement' We have thus far refrained from adverting to the testirnnal in deference to the wishes of the President and Court. i s short time before the proceedings closed yesterday, the Countess of Clare, Lady Isabella Fitzgibbon, Lady Leveson Gower, and Miss Greville, were introduced and accommo" dated with seats in the mess-room, before the table wher6 the Members eat. THE ARMY. The grand division of the sth Regiment, under Lieute' nant-Colonel Sunderland, marched into Galway on Fridsr The 75th are replaced at Tuam by the sth. The depot of the 15th Regiment arrived in Cas:lebsr oA Thursday, to replace the sth Regiment. The 75th take up the cantonments of the 65th, in tb t counties of Cork and Tipperary. A division of the 75th Regiment, under Major Burp has arrived at Fethard, county Tipperary. Monday last the Grenadier Company of the 9th R„ ' men t, under Captain Barnwell, left Belfast for Canis:Weer: and Captain Grubb's company moved for Downpatrio" both to replace Captain Steward and Captain Brown's ace panies, who have returned to Belfast. Captain Boldero's company of the 10th Regiment ll° moved from Kinsale to Bandon. On Thursday last the King's Dragoon Guards, coo' mended by Colonel Teesdale, were reviewed in th e ! a rgil field attached to the Ordnance Barracks at Longford, LI Sir John Byng, Commander of the Forces, accompanio by Sir Thomas Arbuthnot, General of the District. The day being uncommonly fine there were few per s ons all° did not avail themselves of the privilege of being prelel' to :witness the inspection. In speaking of the King s ° Dragoon Guards (whose character for discipline , &c. been long since established) it is scarcely necessary to add , that they performed the different evolutions with a degre° of correctness and steadiness which called forth the atltor ration of all present. The 83d Regiment has received orders, on its arrival 0 Leith, to march to Glasgow. LONDON MARKETS. PRICE OF BREAD. The highest price of Bread in the Metropolis is 105 yd. rot tll 41b. Loaf. There are others who sell from 34d. to 1,9 d. belo ° that price. PRICE OF SEEDS.—Sept 21. New English Red Clorer Seed (per Cwt.) 425. 5 2 8 . fine 58 8 . 02 8 . Old Ditto Ditto —s. —s. fine —B. .." 4. 521. 628 the 678. 72. 30s. 408. fine 508. 65 8 . 40s. 60s. fine l'Os. S,tS • 60s. 70s. fine 80s. 841 * 14.5. 245. fine 308. 32i. —B. --s. fine — i s 408 , les. 28s. fine —s. —s. 40s. 4ds. fine •••• 4 * fine New Foreign Diti Old Ditto -- New White Clover. Old Ditto Ditt, New Trefo tto Rib Grass English Carraway Foreign Ditto ...... coriander. —s. 14s. tine —s. 20s. Foin (per Quarter)--.. —s. --s. 16s. tine 445. :ye Grass 'acey Ditto 38s. tine --e. 40E. --s. 41s. 425. tine —s. —B. 40s. tine —s. 465. Linseed, for feeding Ditto, for crushing — Canary Seed, New,— Ditto bid White Mustard Seed.—....(per Bushel) Brown Ditto —s. —s. Os. fie. 9s. 01 fine --s• —6. 9s. 14s. tint -- 14 --s. —B. Ns. fine 1 24 . --s. 12s. fine 168. —a. 348. 408. fine •. 4. alto • New. " —s. —s. fine 418.49 8 . Rape Seed, English, fine (per Last) 301. 341. Foreign 271. Tun:lip Seeds, Rouni Green and Red Ditt Old PRICES OF HOPS.--Sept. 21. Kent Pockets .61 15i. 71. 10i. to 81 Os. Sussex I)itte Essex Ditto 64 10s. 71. Os. to 7!. 10s. Farnl,am Ditto, Fine.—............„, 01. Os. 91. 15s. to 111. CIO. Seconds --..... 04 Os. 9/. Os. to 10/. 011 ' Kent Rags _ . 5/. 15s. 64 6s. to 61. im• Essex Ditto —....... 54 10s. 51. Os. to 61. O n : Sussex Ditto Old Duty laid at X 31,000. PRICE OF POTATOES—Sept. 21. New Ware 2/. 10s. to 31. 3s. per ton. PRICE OF OIL. Rape Oil, brown .........—.... 441. Os. ..,...... Refined ......... X 46 ° ' Linseed Oil - 22 1 0 10 10 5 0_ Linseed Oil Cake at the 111 iii, per thousand Rape Cake, per ton PRICES OF d. to d. 19 20i 21 22 17 19 21 141 16 16 19 IS 201 Per lb. Qutts 50 to Ditto. ..dio to 661 b.... Dressing Hide 5,..,,,.,,,,,.., Fine Coach Wiles Crop Hides, 35 to 401 b. Ditto 45 to 501 h Ditto LEATHER. d. Per lb. d. to Tanned Hone Hides,. 17 Swinish Ditto 24 Per dozen. 4$ Calf Skins—Sti to 4(lb. I S 04 Ditto to 701 h. Sts 0,• Ditto 70 to 801 b. 20 2 0 k Small Seals, Greenland 19k,- WHITECHAPEL HAY MA RKET.—Sept. ID o i. Hay 40s. Od. to 955. Od. I Clover ..-701. 0,1. to 1101. 34g. Od. to 455. Od. RAW HIDES. Per Stone. e. 6. to e, d. P a , a. to!' 4 Best I leifcrs & Steers 3 4 9 8 I Ortlinarer Stone. y 2 0 Nliddlings w sl 8 3 0 Mat ket Calf 6 Orate SHEEP SKINS. Os. OA. to Os. Od. Shearlings—..—Os. 13,1. to Is. C LI ' Lambs ls. Od. to Is. lid. COAL MAR .--.•• Beaumont 26s. Od. • Helthurn Main SO 0 Holrvell 29 3 Killingworth 31 0 26 0 Ditto 25 0 Ord's Redhugh Peiaw Percy East 28 0 ET.—Sept. 21. d. Walls End Newrnarch... 31i. ;, c Ditto Northumberland 2 0 a - Ditto Perkins and Co.-, 30 Ditto ltidth.ll's„. , 9I Ditto Russell's '4 . Ditto Walker. . ,`; Russell's Ly_on's , 31 Walls End Hetton—.-. 33 Wall's End Lumley 32 0 Walls End Lyons.--.. 32 0 Walls End Stewart's 33 0 Hartley •••••••••nror.....ww• SO 4 2 Landshipping 54 Silkstone °- Walls End Elgin Burraton Trader ~`; 0 Killingworth Trader J„' 9 Hebburn small Tanfield Tanfield Lea _ 29 0 27 6 Wylam - WallsEndßewicke&Co. 32 6 Walls End Boundary 26 6 Walls End Brown's ..... 29 6 Ditto Burraton 31 0 Walls End Carr and Co. 27 0 Ditto Hilda Ships at market, 8034-Slill sold, 35►!i.--Unsold, 4 , 5 % • IRISH MARKETS, ' Wheat, Barley. Oats. Hour, per cwt.„,„.. per barrel per barrel per barrel r ...----a--- --- . , , 20 stone. 16 stone. 14 stone. lat. '''' ---- ------ , a, s. d. a s. d. s. d. as. d. 8. d. as. d. s. d. as. d. s. ,I • 3 '',/ C0rk..,,,,,... 20 0-29 6 13 0-15 01 8 0-12 0 18 0-22 0- 6 0-1 5 0 Limerick 133 4-35 010 6-20 0 110 4-13 014 0-21 0 0 0- ' l 5 0 'WatertOrd 24 0-29 0 12 0-15 01 9 6-11 0 18 0-24 0 10 0- ' 1 0 Clonmel - 30 0-31. C 10 6-16 0112 8-14 0 20 0-25 0 12 0 " ... 0 5 0 Carlow -- :30 0-33 0 12 0-19 0111 0-13 0 20 6-21 0 0 (-_____--,_•_...•'-'!*•-".', Beef, Mutton,' Pork, per lb. per lb, per cwt. Ist. 2d, I 3d. 4 ° .. _.--- , d , ----- s d• "• od. a d. d. a d. s. d. a s. d. s. d. A. d.!. d. • ~ 4 5 Cork 4f —5l 4—6 22 0-24 065 058 1.3 , 2 0 1.7 f ‘ . 0 0 Limerick- 4 —5 4 6 30 0-35 0.67 065 0 55 0 49 r, ~,-:, 0 Waterford 4,1 6 ,5 6 20 0— 27 0167 065 IP 6 43 054 0 1 56 0 Clonmel -3—514—6 27 0 —2B 0164 0630 58 I 0 ., r---'rßutter. .. bo, Carlow— 4 ,5111) ~,.. 0 0 O.; - 0 0170 0680 58 0 9 3 ____ < - 545 , I per barrel; rel; Bark to bd. ; Pc Pigs 28s. ti NY.—Butter 6(1.. to (7s. per cwt. ; Wheat 25 8 . to otar' ; Flour 20s. to 445. per bag; Oats 10s. to 12s. ff on ey 12s. to 14s. ; Beef 4d. to 5!¢.1. pe. lb. ; Nu tt a a co o otatoes sd. per stone; Coals Is. 2d. per cwt.; 0 295. per cwt. BIRTHS. bar' On the 19th inst. the lady of I. .I.llie, E&4 . . rister, of son. On the a 18th inst. at Efeavitree, Devon, the lady ° I.W ' N. Nicholso, Esq. of a son a heir. RoY al The lady of of Thomas Arthur Shone, Esq. of the Artillery, of a daughter. DIED. 00) On the tOth inst. aged 49, Julia, wife of 0 3 ' E-q. of St Mary Axe. On Woolwich Common, Matilda, wife of C a ptain J as. Fogo, of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, aged 56.Jar.et ]n Caroline-place, Sandiaplaee,Al Bain,eklenbu Esq rgh-square, b a a re r ,C ti.e wife of Edwin ~litt er:atisloaw. _ - PRINTED AND PuSLISHED BY MURDO 'M U "' • THE OFFICE, 112, STEAM), 1.019004 Old Di.