The Sun. — London, England, 1860-05-23 00:00:00

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.- -OPERA COMIQUE. Under the management of M. LAURENT, Sen. THIS EVENING, Ambroise Thomas's favourite Opera Bouffe, in two acts, LE CAID : Virginia, Madame Faure. To cdhclude with TROUET-AL-CALAR. M. Dalis. Commence at eight o'clock. AD ELPIET, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. SSole eroprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Re-appea-ante of Mr. and Mrs. A. Wigan—Third week of the populae American Actress, Miss Julia Daly. TH IS VEXING (eighth time), ITS AN ILL WIND THAT BLOWS NOBODY GOOD. Messrs. Alfred Wigan, J. L, Toole, Stuart, Billington, C. J. Smith, Ward, Mrs. A. Wigan, and Miss 11. Simms.. Atter which, OUR FEMALE AMERICAN COUSIN. Messrs. Stuart, C. Selby, Billinp:ton, Eburnc, Miss Julia Daly, K. Kelly, Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley. To conclude with THE BIRTHPLACE OF DODGERS. Masers. J. L. Toole, Eburne ; Mrs. Chatterly, Miss K. Kelly Box-office open from 10 till 5. Private boxes, £22s. ; Family Boxes, .£l. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, 3s. • Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, Is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, ed. Aoting Manager--Mr. Wm. Smith. RY AL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE , King-street. St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. Directress, Miss Wyndham. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and Westminster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passengers all hours of the night. Tills EVENING the performances will cemmenee with a new and original comedy, entitled A FRIEND IN NEED. F Robinson, C. Young, &c. To be followad by DIDO. After which, A CHANGE OF SYSTEM. Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, is. The Box-offiee open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six; perform ance commences at 7. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE..- .. - Troprietor, Mr. WM. BATTY. Thirty-seventh Night of the GREAT MILITARY SPEC TACLE. In compliance with numerous inquiries at the Box Office, the Management has arranged to give Four Grand Mid-day Performances during the Whitsun Holidays, viz.— on Whit-Monday, May 28th, Tuesday, 29th, Thursday, 31st, and Saturday, June 2d. The Entertainments will consist of a Recherehe Display of Equestrian Performances and a Light pleasing Dramatic Piece; commencing each day at Two o'Clock. On MONDAY, MAY 21, 1860, and during the Week, The Grand Hippo -Drama, " THE HISTORY OF A FLAG." Wondrous Scenes in the Cirque, supported by the most talented Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes in the World. Concluding with a Laughable Farce. The magnificent Chandeliers manufactured by Messrs. De cries and Sons, Houndsditch. Dow s open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- THIS EVENING, C. H. GOITNOD'S OPERA, FAUST. rirst Time in this Country. Faust Mr. Henry Herbert. Mephistopheles Mr. C. Bernard. S4obel Mrs. Anderson. Marguerite Conductor Jonghmans. And selections from Dinorah, Trovatore, Macbeth, and numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, ls , Hall. 6d. Comm Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), and W. T. Critchfield. The AFRICAN OPERA T ItOUPE, their first appearance since 1852, consisting of ELEVEN STAR PERFORMERS, who will give the whole of their inimitable entertainment every evening. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. BENSON'S WATCHES: I " Perfection of mechanism."--Morning Post. Gold Silver 2 to 50 guineas. Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descfp tive of every construction of watch now made, with their prices. Watches sent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for ss. extra. 83 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. Established 1749. T Ur:AIRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buekstone. TfliS MTENENG, SOMEBODY ELSE. Mr. C. Coghlan, Miss Ida Sumner, Miss Brennan. Followed by THE FAMILY SECRET. Messrs. Chip pendale, Howe, W. Farren, Villiers, Buckstone, Mrs. B. White. Mrs. Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Wilkins, and Miss Amy Sedg - wick. After which, a new fairy romance, THE PILGRIM OF LE. RO YAli PRINCES S'S THEATRE.— L e ssee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, THRICE MARRIED. Mr. Meadows, Miss C. Leclercq, Followed by THE FOOL'S REVENGE. Bertuccio, a Jester, Mr. Phelps. • To conclude with the extravaganza of THE SYLPHIDE. Miss C. Leclercq, Miss Louise Keeley, Miss Helen Howard, Miss Rose Leclereq. Mr. Shore, Mr. Saker, and Mr. Frank Matthews, Commence at 7. THE WEATHER,.--SUN OFFICE, MAY 23, 1860. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 73 —highest since noon yesterday. 53 —lowest this morning and during the night. 72 —this day at noon. _ BAROMETER-29.98. \V nio—South- Westerly ; light, with fine, warm weather. HIGII WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 3h. 18m.—Afternoon, 3h. 33in To-moRROw.-Morning, 3h. 59m.—Afternoon, 4h. 20. m. I ...,y t ... 4, tr.4#,P 1,7-2 - s--- ® ' ~ , iy,l _ ,.-_-_—_•:,... jyr_ ~,), ~ .' T ',km., ~ , ~ ~ 1 4 , r , , , , 12... , % : 1 ) 4.:,,,,,, .".'-', -- T - 7. -- - -.; .', 4 „„(,,,,,,. ~0z.,,,p, .., , ,'"7-; r , ..-,. , ...,. „IP. t i , - , - .:--.:: ; ; --- --* _ . t -,' cf c ;, , F .,' . i lk_ . ) 4 ~,,, -~ / , z S I / 4 , .. , .........,-, ...„, , r . _ , --.1. ' , - 4 45. ,._;- . 4. a , , , ~,, , ,„ _, __ ~ _ - „,., „. : ' .-I P L'-' o , ' ' , ' 4. ' -I' ,5K - , t n,.." ('- --: 4-,y,. T ,-- ~., t 4 ,-....5„ 7 ' •M 0 '...*:,,,,...,",.., , ,, , ,, 5 q,L92 . 1,,,,, , "... ...? i i'..- . ., -' -'w:', 4, t ' C :V•l7.-V"c h , ,- -- - ~,, ' ' Tll E SUN. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 23, 1860. ..-------- .....- Two great Powers are again at - work in the East. What they both aim at generally no one can doubt ; what their special schemes may be, whether they have any, or whether they only intend to make themselves conspicuous on the scene, and he ready to turn to advantage the chapter of events, it is not easy to discern. That France would like to be supreme in Egypt, and Russia on the shores of the Bosphorus, is certain. Perfidious Albion would, find the gate across her chief road to India in the hands of the second Empire, and the Battle of the Nile would be avenged by the Ruler of France occupying the throne of the Caliphs, or using their successors as viceroys ; while Russia will never be satisfied till she has free access to the Mediterranean, and till the CZAR becomes the successor at Constantinople of the Greek Emperors and of the heads of the Greek Church. Long, however, Nvill the two great Empires have diverse interests on this point. It might suit Franca by the aid of Russia to drive England from the seven Islands, from Malta, and from Gibraltar, but that world only convert the Mediterranean into a Franco-Russian lake. That would not do. Russia at Constantinople would soon have a navy equal to that of France, and a navy which might find it much more politic to employ itself in checking the movements of the latter, than in quarrelling with its best customer ; and, except in Turkey, with a power which is by no means antagonistic to her. We may well be content with our share of Asia; the Russian border is not likely to be advanced on the side of Europe ; and for the rest, France is more likely in the long run to be opposed to than to be allied with Russia. Still for the present the two Empires are evi dently acting in accord. The visit of so eminent a Russian as the Archduke NicifOLAs to Paris can not be merely for pleasure ; and the coincidence of the representations of the Russian Minister to the Ministers - of Foreign Powers at St. Petersburgh, on the subject' of the Christians in Turkey, with the mission and language of the Marquis de LAVALETTE at Constantinople, shows that there is an under standing between Russia and France: We find also that there has been an effort to get up a case. The Russian Prince DOIGOROWSKI has been visit ing the Ilerzegovine and Bosnia to see whether the celebrated Hata Hamayoun was really acted. on, and it is reported that he finds it a dead letter. That the Turks do not treat the Christians as equals, that the Christian rayahs are sadly oppressed, so much so that he advised them to apply to the CZAR and to ask his gracious and disinterested protection. Of course petitions were dulj sent, and these were the documents which Prince GORTSCIIAKOFF showed to the Fonign Ambassadors at St. Peters. burgh. Nov, we have no doubt that Christian rayahs in Turkey, like Hincloo ryots in Bengal, have much that they may justly complain of, and much which they suffer because they are Christians. England, of course, would be the last Power in the world to excuse this. No ane has done a tithe for real reli- gious liberty in Turkey compared with what her Ambassador has done. Americans—and better witnesses for an Englishman there could not well b2—are hearty in their praises of the good effected by Lord STRATFORD DE REDCLIFFE, in securing the utmost attainable freedom for all professions. And there seems to be little doubt that the SULTAN really prefers this policy, and only yields, perforce, every now and then to the Mahomedan Puseyites (for such there are) who occasionally get into power, and adopt, as far as they dare, a reactionary policy. But the SULTAN has physical difficulties to overcome which are unknown in France or England, or even in Russia. There are no roads in Turkey. But a few miles from Con stantinople—beyond, perhaps, a few day's ride from it —his power to enforce the Hatti- Humayoun, or any other decree, is limited by the impunity afforded by being out of reach of his arm. Every thing is localised by the want of communications. The pasha and his tax-collectors, and magistrates, are all to a considerable extent beyond the reach of the central power at Constan tinople. If they do but pay the taxes which they farm, they think they have done their duty to the Sultan ; and of the extortion requisite to col lect them, he hears nothing till it has driven the inhabitants into insurrection. It is not in his power to prevent the col lectors fleecing the Christian, who in Turkey, is the Dissenter, without mercy. Neither can he compel a Mahommedan Cadi to believe the Christian witness in a court of justice against the Mahom medan's testimony. Turkey must be physically regenerated before any Government at Constan tinople could compel prompt respect for the laws ; it must be regenerated socially before Mahom medan governors, judges, and officers can really believe that Christians have equal rights with themselves, The SULTAN, however, very naturally declines to accept any intervention of the Great Powers on behalf of the Christian population. The language of the treaty, which he points to, is precise—" it is well understood that the firman shall not in any case give to the Powers the right to interfere, either collectively or separately, in the relations between his Majesty the SULTAN and his subjects, or is the internal administration of the Empire." He has the right on his side in this doubtless, and England's policy will be to see that fictitous, or even real and just complaints from the Rayahs of Turkey are not made the pretext for another MENSCHIKOFF mission. The case is in itself a difficult one, and it is made still more so by the frequently worthless character of the com• plainants. From the testimony of all travellers the Christian population of Turkey is morally quite as degraded as the Mahommedans. And, often enough, a Turkish judge has but too little reason to credit what is most solemnly sworn to by Chris tians who appear before him. One thing cannot, however, but strike us all— Who are these Emperors who are thus lecturing another and a Mahommedan Emperor on the matter of Christian toleration ? We have all of us heard, under the perfectly centralised government of France, where the arm of the EMPEROR can strike almost anywhere in four-and-twenty hours, strange tales of Catholic priests, and prefects, and maires, in the more rural districts, persecuting and harrass ing the Protestants under form perhaps of law, yet but too effectually—and that, though we hardly doubt that LOUIS NAPOLEON himself, like the SULTAN, is favourable to religious liberty, He must, however, oftentimes concede to the priests, just as the SULTAN must to his moollahs. But the Emperor of RUSSIA is himself far less tolerant than the SULTAN. Lord SHAFTESBURY can tell us that while the SULTAN permits the freest circulation of the Scriptures, the CzAR. ex cludes them from his dominions ; and that while missionaries are free to preach as they please in Turkey, they are not permitted by Russia even to attempt the conversion of the heathen tribes of Asia. They must be converted to the Christianity of the Greek Church or not converted to Chris tianity at all ! It appears also that great numbers of the Mahommedans have but a hard time of it under his rule—indeed he is said to be driving them by hundreds of thousands to seek safety in the Sultan's dominions. The extraordinary intellectual vitality and viva city displayed within the last few days by two renownedoctogenarians—one of them actually now within two years of being a nonogenarian—cannot but have awakened in their behalf, far and wide, by this time, Tingled feelings of astonishment and admiration. Lord LYNDHURST on Monday the 21st of this present month of May celebrated the day on which he completed his 88th year by the delivery, in the House of Lords, of a speech that materially aided, by the closeness and cogency of its reasoning, in leading a division in the Upper House to one of the most memorable majorities ever inscribed among the records of that branch of the Legislature. Lord BROUGHAM on Saturday rendered thenceforth for ever remarkable the date of. his assumption of the academic chair as Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, by the delivery of an inaugural harangue that must rank high even among the noble and learned lord's own oratorical masterpieces. There are surely few if any who can read that astonishing oration without emotions akin to those defined by Mr. CARLYLE as hero worship. The inaugural address delivered on Sa turday by Lord BROUGHAM, as Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, is of itself sufficient at testation that there are still giants in these days, that one of the intelrectUal giants of later times is yet happily surviving. Who was it who once remarked with such humorous flippancy when speaking of the intellectual versatility of Lord BROUGHAM, that " If he knew a little of law he would know a little of everything?" The observation sounds wittily enough, but is of course essentially shallow and frivolous. Of the scope and profundity of Lord BROUHAM's intellect the world has by this time a vivid appreciation. As to his professional reputation—let his career and his achievements answer. The records of both remind us that HENRY BROUGHAM, up to the hour when he ex changed the stuff-gown of a barrister for the scarlet and ermine robes of the' Lord High Chancellor of England, was recognised unanimously as about the most brilliant • and formidable advocate who ever adorned the bar of England. Comparatively brief though the period of his lordship's occupancy of the woolsack undoubtedly was, it was at any rate sufficiently protracted to demonstrate the energy and lucidity with which his judgment cleared away the long accumulated arrears then encumbering the Court of 'Chancery. As a law reformer the noble and learned lord has nowhere a superior—has nowhere, we may boldly assert, an equal in the annals of our English jurisprudence. His accomplished exploits as a law reformer are nothing less in their way, in their magnitude and their multiplicity, than literally Herculean. lie has thus already himself partially realised the words of the magnificent peroration of, perhaps, among all his great speeches, the most superb he ever delivered within the walls of Parliament. The catalogue of his achievements as a law reformer has been compiled in a ponderous tome, by Sir EARDLEY WILMOT—a volume which is, of itself, a monument (ere perennius—and of which volume we have been interested to note, that there has recently been issued in a popular form a felicitous condensa tion. The reputation achieved for himself Lord BROUGHAM, is, however, as manifold or many-sided, as it is broad, or as it is elevated. It is the repu tation of a great orator, an indomitable law re former, a practical philanthropist, a luminous critic, as one of the first and most laborious of the Edin burgh Reviewers, a versatile author, a persevering and sagacious experimental philosopher. It is curious while taking into account thus the as tonishing versatility which, in Lord BROUGHAM'S intellect, is one of its distinguishing characteristics —it is curious, we say, remarking this, to find him in a manner inveighing against discursiveness in in tellectual labours as pernicious almost to the extent of being absolutely reprehensible. " Though," argued VIE ALLEGED DEFEAT OF GARI- BALDI. The Paris correspondent of the Times (Second Edition), in his letter, dated May 22, says : " If one may judge from the intense anxiety which now prevails at the Neapolitan Legation here, things must be in the worst possible condition in Sicily ; and if the news came that orders had been given by the Neapolitan Government for the with drawal of the Voyal troops from the theatre of the contest, and of the complete surrender of the island to the insurgents, no one would be surprised at it. We are probibly destined to see before long the example of Austria in Lombardy imitated by the King of Naples with regard to Sicily. It is thought that one of the first acts of Garibaldi will be to proclaim a Dictatorship in the name of King VictorEmmanuel,preparatory to the usual measures for the annexation of Sicily to Piedmont. On this point, however, it is said that the French Minister at Turin has given the assurance to the Neapolitan Minister at the same Court that France would view with displeasure the annexation of the Two Sicilies to the new Italian Kingdom. There is a rumour (whether serious or a mere pleasantry I cannot say), to the effect that the King of Naples is disposed to grant a constitution to his people ; hut, as his people have unfortunately but little confidence in Royal concessions wrung under pre sent circumstances, the Imperial Government of France would not refuse to guarantee the said Constitution against the possibility of a coup d'etat, or, as it is termed, a Bourbon Deux Deeembre. With the guarantee of France, if the report be serious, the subjects of his Neapolitan Majesty ought, of course, to be satisfied. It would appear that an understanding has been come to between General Goyon, the Commander of the French army at Rome, and General Lamoriciere, the Chief of the Papal volunteers. The former remains in the city to protect the Pope and keep the city tranquil ; the latter will operate outside the walls. The Duke of Grammont has arrived in Paris to take the verbal instructions of the Emperor in the present emer gency. The Sardinian Government has again been lectured for the ungrateful tardiness of the Parlia ment in ratifying the treaty for the surrender of Savoy." cant'. Lord BROUGHAM in the course of his inaugural address of Saturday, at Edinburgh—" Though the acquisition of general knowledge is a primary duty, and the confining our study within the narrow limits of one or two branches enfeebles the mind, impairing its powers, and even preventing an entire mastery of the selected branches, yet it is on every account highly expedient, indeed all but absolutely necessary, to single out one branch as the main ob ject of attention." While saying this, in regard to others, it is manifest, from his whole career, that Lord BROUGHAM has himself singled out not one branch alone, but many branches as especial and peculiar objects of his attention. Jurisprudence, for example—the natural sciences—metaphysics— oratory—polite literature. Yet, having acted thus himself he insists upon it that " This selection [of one branch] is required by the impossibility of thoroughly mastering different unconnected kinds of knowledge, and the risk of distraction which passing from one subject to another occasions, the danger even of the greatest evil occurring—that of superficial learning—the rule being inflexible that no one subject or part of a subject must be studied without going to the very bottom, fully and accu rately, of what he would learn ; not proposing to ourselves, it may be, to go beyond a certain length, but as far as we profess and purpose to go, becom;ng thoroughlymaster of the subject." Adding, " There is, however, an otheheason for selecting one especial branch ; we thus draw, as it were, a meridian line to which all our steps in other directions may be referred." And immediately illustrating his ar guments asking his hearers " what might not have been expected from the bold and happy conjectures of FRANKLIN, under the guidance of the inductive method, so familiar to him in all its rigour, had he not devoted his life to the more important cause of his country and her liberties ?" Enforcing his ar gument by these aptly chosen recollections culled from the annals of science--"PmEmEr's discoveries, all but accidental, however important, were con fined in their extent and perversely misapprehended in their results by the controversies, religious and political, which engrossed his attention through life. DESCARTES, instead of the one great step which the mathematics owe him, was destined to make vast progress in physical science, and not to leave his name known by a mere baseless hypothesis, had he not been seduced by metaphysical speculation ; and LEIBNITZ, but for the same seduction, joined to his legal labours, would assuredly have come near the Newtonian system in dynamics, as he had pre ferred a just claim to share in its analytical renown." As to the mere political or historical portion of LordßnouGuAra's oration of Saturday, we shall con tent ourselves with remarking in regard to that as Lord BROUGHAM remarked in this very spirit in regard to - HUME the historian—" Bat that his pole'e coal piVadices biassed his mind can havA'y oe doubted." Lord BROUGHAY's view of the wars, and the exploits, and the character of the Great NAPOLEON are not those we believe of the world at large—will certainly, we rest assured, not be these of a remote posterity—are already,we feel convinced, not those of the vast majority of intelligent Eng lishmen. The estimate formed upon these heads by our fathers—are not our own—will not be those of our children. The public opinion of to-day has risen above the public opinion of yesterday. We look back at those events serenely removed from their darkening influences. We are not there in the midst of the bloody dust raised by the conflict and floating over those historic battlefields—cloud ing the vision and obscuring the judgments of the actual combatants. The venerable orator who descanted upon these famous themes at Edinburgh on Saturday himself passed through those dust clouds floating over to our sires and grandsires from the European Continent, when NAPOLEON the Great was bestriding the earth like a colossus. They darken Lord BROUGHAM'S vision still, when looking back to them, they still obscure even his ordinarily clear and lofty judgment. Turning from those distorted views of the fugi tive past to the nobler and severer allusions made by Lord BROUGHAM to the eternal present, as re vealed to us in this awful universe by the eye of philosophy and the upward pointing finger of Re ligion, we listen delighted to the voice of this " old man eloquent," reminding us in burning words how truly Natural Theology stands at the head of all the sciences, from the mere fact of its tendency being pre-eminently sublime and elevating. "It tells," he exclaims," of the creation of things, of the mighty Power that fashioned and sustains the universe, of the exquisite skill that contrived the wings and beak and feet of insects, invisible to the naked eye, and that lighted the lamp of day, and launched into space comets myriads of times larger than the earth, whirling 10,000 times swifter than a cannon ball, and 2,000 hotter than red-hot iron." And, reading these glow ing words, expressive of so much wondering adora- tion, we remember that years ago the same grand thought was articulated rhythmically, by Lord BROUGHAM, in a harmonious "Hymn to the Creator," penned when the writer of it was far, indeed, from having attained the age of an octogenarian. A hymn in which we first read melodious words that still cling to our remembrance— " And Thou, too, madeit that floweret gay, To glitter in the dawn ; The hand that fired the lamp of day, The blazing comet launched away, Painted the velvet lawn." It is at once impressive and most fitting that thoughts like these, thus sung by him in melodious numbers, when he was yet adolescent, should now be echoed in mori:l ylemn accents by the lips of Lord BROITGITAM, nos+ that he is surviving nmon g bt us—honoured for his great genius and his noble achievements—a veteran octogenarian. A Cabinet Council wes held yesterday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Dowr - ing-street. The Ministers present were Viscount Palrue! - sten, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir G. C. Lewis, Lord J. Russell, the Duke of Newcastle, the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charlcs Wood, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Some] - set, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Sir George Grey, the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, and the Riglat Hon. E. Cardwell. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam bridge and the Princess Mary, attended by Lady Geraldine Somerset and Colonel Home Purves, honoured the Duchess of Inverness by their company at dinner on Monday even ing, at Kensington Palace, Ithere a distinguished company joined the circle. THE '7 SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAX 23, 1860, (OFFICIAL.) krilES r •1 NEIVI‘‘, The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Renter's office : ROME, MAY 22. A band of 500 volunteers have entered Tus- A battalion of Pontifical chasseurs fired upon each other in error. A captain, lieutenant, and five soldiers were killed thereby. Artillery has left Rome to-day for the frontiers. PARIS, MAY 22. The Opinion Nationale says :—The report that Bixio has been killed is unfounded. The same journal also says :—The despatch of a French naval force to the Adriatic is spoken of. The official journal of Naples of the 18th inst. statcs that Garibaldi is in Sicily. TURIN, MAY 22. A message dated Palermo, 20th inst., evening, states that a rumour was current that Garibaldi had obtained a decided victory at Monreale. ROME (VIA MARSEILLES), MAY 22. The Piedmontese Government has prosecuted the Bishop of Forli for suspending the priests who assisted at the celebration of the "Te Deum" at Bologna in honour of the Sardinian constitution. MARSEILLES, MAY 22. The Duke of Grammont, who left Rome on leave, has arrived here by the mail steamer, which has also brought Count Buol. VIENNA, MAY 22. Notwithstanding the reports current to the con trary, the French Ambassador was present to-day at the ceremony of the inauguration of the monu ment which has been erected in honour of the Archduke Charles, the victorious hero of Aspern. TRIESTE, MAY 22. According to posterior instructions received from , Vienna, the Austrian flotilla, under the command of the Commodore von Wiillersdorff, will be pro visionally confined to cruising off the Neapolitan coasts in the Adriatic, without crossing the Straits of Messina. BERLIN, MAY 22. The assembling of an Eastern Conference, for which Prussia, Austria, and England do not ap pear very solicitous, still appears uncertain. PARIS, MAY 22. It is asserted that the Turkish Ambassador has protested against the projected inquiry into the treatment of the Christians in Turkey, as attacking the sovereignty of the Sultan. CONSTANTINOPLE, MAY 21. Instructions have been forwarded to the Turkish diplomatic agents abroad, informing them that the Sultan questions the competence of the Powers to institute the inquiry proposed by Russia. The Sultan invokes Article 9 of the Treaty of Paris dated March 30, 1856. The Marquis de Lavalette was received to-day in solemn audience by the Sultan. The Marquis has addressed the principal French residents in Constantinople in a speech which has produced a sensible effect on the Bourse, and caused a considerable rise in the quotations of foreign ex change. VIENNA, I\IAY 23. Count Thun, the Austrian ambassador at St. Petersburg, has arrived here. It is not true that the Emperor will deliver a spanh at the opening of the Council of the Empire. ROME, MAY 23. The official Giornale di Roma, in speaking of the combat of the 19th inst. at Montofiascone, says, " that owing to the darkness of the night the Pon tifical troops wounded seven of their comrades, mis taking them for filibusters. The customs' guard at Onano (?) were over powered by the filibusters, who, after plundering the country, re-entered Tuscany. The peasantry ask to be armed. Papal troops will immediately leave Rome for the frontier. The Giornale di Roma also contains the follow ing :—" The news from Sicily is favourable to the Neapolitan Government." GARIBALDI'S EXPEDITION. MALTA, MAY 16. After the arrival of her Majesty's ship Inflexible with the news of the landing of Garibaldi at Mar sala, her Majesty's ship Assurance was sent to gather further particulars. She returned to Malta on the 14th. The following is the official report of the captain :—" Garibaldi on arriving at Marsala sent a telegram to Messina, and then cut the tele graph wires. He left Canieatti on the morning of the 12th with 1,800 men and 150 recruits from Marsala. He is expected to march soon on Paler mo, to organise the insurgents there, and has been very well received at Canicatti. Girgenti is quiet, the people not knowing who had landed; but the authorities had despatched 2,000 troops to follow up Garibaldi-1,000 by sea and 1,000 by land." It appears that Garibaldi ran into Marsala about 3 p.m., and steered direct for the pier. Each man had two breach-loading rifles, a revolver, and sword; and there were eight waggons and four guns. The whole were landed in one hour and a half. All but about 400 were in Marsala before the Neapolitan steamers opened fire. About 20 minutes after they entered Marsala the Neapolitan steamers came up, and sent a boat on board one of the English men-of-war—we had two there, the Argus and Intrepid—to ask if it was an English force landing. Receiving an answer in the negative the boat returned, and the ves sels ran in beating to quarters; but it was some time before they began to fire, and not till all the troops had quitted the vessels. They gave one or two lame excuses for this, such as that they feared to fire lest they should kill some of the boats' crews of the English men-of-war, who were on shore ; or they feared to damage the property of Mr. Ingham and Mr. Woodhouse, near which the men landed, as the English Government always insisted on the Neapolitans paying very highly for any damage done by them to any Englishman's property. The Neapolitan captain sent on board the Argus, re questing the captain to send on board the two Sar dinian steamers and demand their surrendering. This the captain declined, stating that he had to keep the most rigid neutrality. The Neapolitan boats then very cautiously approached the Sar dinian steamers, and with great care and much watching one man was at length bold enough to ascend the side, and shortly after he was seen bran dishing his sword with much gesticulation, and proclaiming the steamer a prize. Not a soul was on beard ; both vessels had been completely aban doned. To return to Garibaldi ; he immediately tele graphed his arrival to Messina, and then destroyed the wires, hastily armed 700 volunteers, who offered at Marsala, and on the 12th set out towards Palermo. He was received with great enthusiasm at Canicatti, and the conquest of the island is con sidered as certain. There is a confidence and de cision about Garibaldi that augurs well for the, success of his enterprise. We have a, vast number of Sicilian refugees in, HER MAJ ESTY'S THEATRE. The " Semiramide" of Rossini was reproduced last night for the debut of Madame Alboni on the London stage as Arsace. In no part that she has ever attempted has this great artist produced greater and more genuine effect than in this, and her re-appearance in the character created an ex citement in the audience that perhaps in some de gree interfered with the impression produced by Mdlle. Titiens as Semiramide, excellent and artistic throughout, both musically and dramatically consi dered, as her assumption must be pronounced to have been. As far as singing is concerned when Madame Alboni is present, every living artist must give way, and even the purity and force of Mdlle. Titiens' style, under any other circumstances neces sarily paramount, produced less impression than the wonderful execution and delicious quality of voice with which Madame Alboni completely en chanted every one who was listening to her. The theatre was crowded, and the renewal of old asso ciations connected with the music of this popular opera gave an aspect of former times to the house that must have gladdened the hearts of old fre quenters of her Majesty's Theatre. 1 BATE OF MR. ALBERT SMITH. We regret to say that Mr. Albert Smith expired this morning at his house at Fulham. The cause of his death was a most sudden and severe attack of bronchitis. FORTIFICATION. The great improvements which have been effected within the last few years in the cqnstruc• tion of the engines of war, require a corresponding advancement in the science of fortification; and accordingly the more active-minded members of th, or nave turileu weir audition to the solution of the double problem of how best ti use them for the purposes of offence and de fence, and how to nullify their action in attack. It is with this view that the directors of the United Service Institution are now encouraging the discussion of the question of defensive science by inducing first-rate officers to come forward and favour their brethren in arms with their views upon the subject. Last year Mr. Ferguson laid before them a new system for the construction of defensive works which set at defiance the old rules of Vauban and Coehorn, and on Monday night Captain Tyler propounded a sc h eme o f hi s own, and in advocating its adopti on , a tt ac k e d th at of Mr. Ferguson as impractic a bl e , both by reason of the expense it would entail upon those who at tempted to put it in practice, and the insecurity for purposes of defence of the works which he recom mended. Captain Tyler's lecture was listened to through out with the liveliest attention, audit was remarked by Captain Fishbourne, who occupied the chair, that there was no desire to give one theorist a triumph over the Dther, the only object of those interested in getting up the lectures being to elicit the truth by enlisting as many members of the pro fession as possible in the search for it. The Countess or Lanesborough had a soiree dansanta last night at her Mansion in Great Stanhope- street. The Earl of Wilton received a large circle of sporting friends at dinner last evening, at his mansion in Grosvenor-square. The Eari and Countess of Haddingten and the Ladies Hamilton have arrived at Wallace's Hotel, Hyde park-corner, from Tynj3g,harn House, Prestonkirk, Had dingtonsh:re. The venerable and gallant Earl of Dundonald is, we are happy to learn, progressing favourably after his re cent illness, and is regaining his strength. Lord and Lady Poltimore have arrived at Wal lace's Hotel, Hyde-park-corner, from Poltimore Park, their seat in Devonshire. Lady Charlotte Denison gave the first of a series of receptions at the Speaker's official residence at the New Palace, Westminster. The gorgeous suite of rooms were thrown open on the occasion, and were brilliantly lighted, which imparted to the superb decorations additional lustre. A large company responded to the invitations of her lady ship. Lord and Lady Lyndhurst entertained a laTe family circle on Monday evening, at the noble and learned lord's mansion in George - -Street, Hanover-square. The noble and venerable peer, after his eloquent speech to the House of Lords, returned home to receive his domestic circle at dinner, on the occasion of his 88th birth-day, his lordship having been born in 1772. _ _ Baron andßaronets Gustave de Rothschild have arrived at Wallace's Hotel, Hyde-park-corner, from, Paris. We regret to announce the demise of Mr. Spenser H. De Horsey, who died on Sunday last at his residence at Cowes. The decased gentleman, who was wal known and highly-esteemed in leading society, was formerly in the House of Commons. He married in February, 1824, Lady Louisa Rous, youngest daughter of John, first Earl of Stradbroke, and sister of the present earl, by which mar • riage hcleaves'a son, Captain and Lieut.-Colonel de Horsey, of the Grenadier Guards, and a daughter, the Countess of Cardigan. LINCOLN'S INN-FIELDS.—Great efforts are again being made to open the enclosure to the public during the summer evenings. THE LATE ATTEMPTED MURDER AND SUICIDE IN LIVERPOOL.—James Farrell, the young man who recently attempted to murder his wife at his lodgings, in Fontenoy street, Liverpool, and afterwards cut his own throat, whilst in an unsound state of mind, died on Saturday evening last at the Nerthern Hospital, from the effect of his wound. MURDER AT ALDERSHOTT.—TWO men belonging to the Military Train are at present in custody, charged with murdering a woman and throwing her into the canal. MADAME .RISTORI.—This lady has had another narrow escape. tier physician had ordered her a potion with 15 drops of land:Aram but the chemist who made up the prescription put in 30 drops by mistake. EXTRAORDINARY ACCIDENT.—A somewhat re markable accident, attended unfortunately with fatal re sults, occurred at Chatham on Monday afternoon to a private of the It3yal Marines named James Pattison. The deceased and a number of pther Marines were undergoing rifle instruction on Chatham lines, under the direction of Major Rodney, and were being exercised in the judging distance-drill, when the order was given for them to fall out for a short time, the day being very hot. Immediately on receipt of the order the deceased, who was a very active man, proceeded to throw a somersault on the grass for the amusement of his comrades, but in doinvo his bayonet fell out of its scabbard to the ground, point upwards. The un fortunate deceased fell at the same instant, and the bayonet entering his left side his whole weight came upon it forcing the steel into his body to afrightful depth. lie was at once removed in the most intense agony to the garrison hospital, but he died within a very short time afterwards. The de • eeaded bad been several years in the corps, and was a man of very good character. Malta, and they all show much enthusiasm in favour of Garibaldi's daring attempt. A letter from Naples, dated May 15, says : I have been so fortunate as to procure the f' Protest" and " Narrative of Events" which were sent last Saturday night by Signor Carafa, Minister for Foreign Affairs to each member of the diplomatic body. The impression which it leaves is that new complications have arisen, and that the Marchese Villamarina will in all probability receive his passports, unless something very unforeseen should arise. The protest sent by the Government of the Two Sicilies to each member of the diplomatic body is his " Naples, May 12, 1860. " A deed of the most savage piracy has been per petrated by a horde of brigands, publicly enrolled, organised, and armed in a State not hostile, under the eyes of that Government, and notwithstanding the promises received from the same Government to prevent it. The Royal Government, having been informed of the preparations which were being made with the most shameless effrontery in Genoa, in Turin, in Milan, in Leghorn, and in Sienna, for an expedition destined against the Royal States, lost no time in calling the attention of the Pied montese Government to such an attempt against the law of nations and of international obligations. Its answers were at first evasive, and afterwards ampunted to promises to prevent the expedition, so that the Royal Government was authorised in not doubting the assurances and assertions which arrived confirming the character of the relations of a good understanding, and of that mutual abstinence from interference which we always had the intention of maintaining. The Government of the King has, not withstanding, continued to watch over the designs of the factions who were united in Genoa and Leg• horn for the object so well known, and has followed their proceedings, an abridged narrative of which is enclosed with this protest. " Meanwhile, in the flattering hope of seeing the departure of those pirates impeded, after their em barcation had been completed in Genoa and Leg horn on three merchant vessels, two of which were Piedmontese and one English, the first of the said vessels, leaving Leghorn, went in the direction of the port of Marsala, where, having arrived yester day, without showing any flag, they prepared to land the bands which they had on board, when the two Royal vessels cruising in the neighbourhood opened on the aggressors the fire of artillery. The firing, however, was necessarily suspended, to give time to two English steamers arrived there a few hours before to take their officers, who were ashore, on board. On the embarcation of these persons the steamers gave a wide berth, and then only could the firing be recommenced on those pirates, without, however, being able to prevent their disembarcation in Marsala, a city of the province Trapani. With this announcement of the scandalous attempt, of which the short interval of time does not permit us to forsee the results in the insular parts of the Royal States where the insurrection was nearly repressed, the undersigned, Minister of Foreign Affairs, has the honour of communicating to -- the history of the events, in order that he may inform his Government of them, and in order that, whatever may be the conse quences of an attempt made against every right, in violation of international law, and through which Italy may find herself thrown into the most bloody anarchy, compromising, too, the whole of Europe, the responsibility may rest only on the authors, promoters, and accomplices of this bar barous invasion. The undersigned meantime repeats the assurances of his distinguished consideration. " CARAFA." The narrative of events communicated by the Government of the Two Sicilies to the Diplomatic Body is as follows : " May 9, 1860. " From the 28th of April the concentration be came evident of Italian emigrants in Genoa (espe cially Sicilians), of Lombards, Piedmontese, Ro magnoli, and Tuscans, of notorious political exal tation,' and more remarkably still, of that crowd of volunteers of whom in the last war Garibaldi finned the corps of the ChßQ..—...,r were atterwai ds distributed among the regular forces, and who, as we are assured, were recently and expressly dismissed the service. " This multitude poured onwards by sea and by railway, where, according to a report which up to the present time has not been contested, they had absolute liberty - of travelling and absolute exemp tion from payment. Garibaldi, who was known to be in Genoa, and who at times became invisible and impossible to be found, at last fixed his residence in the Palazzo Passano, at Quarto, and here in nu merous bodies came together and were concentrated continually, not only the new arrivals, but those nu merous Genoese whom antecedent facts, the shooting societies, and other circumstances, pointed out as ultra Liberals. This concourse awakened general attention and apprehension, except on the part of the Go vernment, which did not show itself in the slightest degree affected. While the intention of effecting an armed landing in Sicily to foment the revolu tion was notoriously declared by public placards, by public subscriptions, theatrical representations, and other means, open to all, in broad daylight and without any concealment, arms and ammunition were taken to the Palazzo Passano, which was thus converted into an arsenal. Arms and munitions of war freely circulated afterwards through the city, not belonging to any military department nor to the ordnance; in this way and others giving publicity to the preparations against Sicily. The departure of the expedition was frequently put off; it was announced that it would be concentrated in Malta on the arrival of the sth of May. On the after noon of that day 100 armed persons leaving in two barks the interior of the west arm of the port (every access to which is guarded by sentinels) went on board the commercial Sardinian steamers Piemonte and Lombardo (of the company of Rubattini--that is, the same to whom the Cagliari belonged). The first of these steamers had arrived the day before from Tunis; the other was not to leave until the 9th for the Italian line. Notwithstanding, both were found full of combustibles, and probably amply provided with eatables. The captains were absent, and certainly the machinist of one, perhaps the Piemonte. Giuseppe Orlando, an emigrant from Palermo, took his place, part proprietor of a foundery in Genoa. Without being impeded either by the guardship of the port, or by the Sardinian vessels of war, or by a Spanish ship of war, or by two French steamers which were there, or by the maritime arsenal, or, in fine, by the land battery, the aggressors lighted the fires in the stoves of one of the two vessels, waited patiently till the steam rose and had strength sufficient to give motion to the wheels (operations which, at the least, require an hour) and, taking the other in tow, left the port and anchored at scarcely a gunshot from the mili tary barracks of the Foce. Here they waited for numerous marine stores, and a considerable crowd of volunteers, enlarged by the addition of the curi ous. The embarkation began under the direction and presidency of Garibaldi, those who were leav ing following one another for the most part in car riages and accompanied by friends, who cheered them. The embarkation, which was in part effected from the port, was not completed before sunset, and this circumstance, affecting a seizure of the steamers, proves beyond doubt that it was done by d tylight. " It is reported that in moving away from the Foce, which happened about 6 o'clock, one of the steamers took in tow a Greek sailing vessel, made, like the steamers, an arsenal for the service of those inhabitants of Sicily who should follow the impulse. In the course of the night of the 4th, Garibaldi embarked in a launch, and passed with others on board the steamers to make an inspection. Consi derable and numerous packages, containing a rms certainly and ammunition, followed the same.direc tion. It is asserted, moreover, that in the same way were embarked six rifled cannon, got together from the banks of Nervi. By daylight the steamers were seen towards the east coast, and it is believed they stopped at various places to communicate with the land. In his statement the captain of the Amalfi, bearing the Royal flag, de clared that he had seen them leave the Gulf of Spezia distinctly between six and seven o'clock, full of people. Among the persons on board are .pilots of three merchant vessels, Palermitan's, who de serted on the sth for Genoa. All the inhabitants of Genoa might have been eye-witnesses of these facts." The expedition which has just landed at Marsala avoided the coast of Sicily, hugging the coast of Sardinia, and then making for a point south of Marsala, whence it went to the islands of Formiche, and from that point made for Marsala. From this it would appear that the Sardinian steamers must have gone round the Neapolitan cruisers. The point of disembarkation has been admirably chosen, for at the back of Marsala is a vast and almost impenetrable wood, where little impression can be made by a regular army. The numbers who have landed are variously stated at from 900 to 1,400. Perhaps the former figure is the more correct. The expedition was commanded by Capt. Orlando, a Sicilian, and among the staff of Garibaldi are the well-known names of Ulloa, Orsini, Medici, Turr, Klapka, and Arduino. There is a report this morning that another ex pedition has landed at Melazzo, near Messina, which I hope to verify before the steamer leaves. If this be true, the Calabrias, which are rocking, are already up, or must be so directly. The Vesuvio has come in from Palermo with 451 passengers, all Sicilians in flight ; 136 are without passports. I have been unable to get you intelli gence by it ; it was expected that Garibaldi would march upon the capital. Prince Ischitella has been begged to take the command, but positively declines to risk his reputation ; he thinks it all too late. There is great consternation here. Signor Carafe and Mr. Elliot were both with Baron Brenier to day. From Messina official intelligence is to the effect that the troops on the night of the 13th were kept in quarters, and the British Vice• Consul had given directions that the English residents be in readi ness to go on board her Majesty's steamer. It was believed that 16,000 persons were enrolled on the part of the insurgents. The enthusiasm was im mense, and 800 volunteers in the province of Mes sina alone had enrolled themselves in the last few days. The whole island, it was said, was up. The Milan Gazette states that the committee for the subscription to a million of muskets has taken measures, together with the Municipal Junta, for sending the sums collected to Garibaldi. The com mune of Lodi, which had already voted a sum last year towards that subscription, has just voted another sum of 6,000 f. for the same purpose, and the Communal Council of Como has voted 50,000 f. in aid of the Sicilian insurrection. We extract the following from the Pattie : " According to information of the 17th, the volun teers were being joined by numerous adherents and were completing their organization. These adherents come :to them principally from the pro vince of Messina and from the southern part of the province of Palermo. On a great number of other points native columns are being formed, and the inhabitants show a very threatening attitude. In some localities the revolt does not appear to make much progress, particularly in the towns of A Heats and Regalmutto, where a large trade in sulphur is carried on. The above facts show that the state of Sicily is most serious." The Sicilian National Committee have distributed an energetic proclamation, calling on all Sicilians to join in the present struggle against the King of Naples. This document concludes as follows : " Let us applaud the noble efforts of the youthful combatants, The country will cherish their names, and 'hold them up as models of heroic virtues and sublime self-sacrifice. We will remain stanch at our post, even though it should lead us to prison or the scaffold. We will stand firm, repeating the words of an illustrious general, Brethren, if we advance, follow us ; if we fall, pass over us, and march on !' Italy for for ever ! Victor Emmanuel for ever !" The words alluded to are the well-known address of the Marquis de Larochejaquelein to his men in the war in La Vendee; but it must be admitted that the alteration made by the Sicilian Committee has not improved the Marquis'i noble language, which ran thus :—" Si j'avance, suivez-moi ; si je reeuie, Suez-mm; si je tombe, vengez-u,vi:•• GARIBALDI'S EXPBBIIIO,V .7 0 SICILY. The following copies of despatches relating to the departure of a military and naval expedition from Genoa to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies were presented on Monday to the House of Lords by command of her Majesty, in pursuance of their address dated May 14, 1860 : (No. 1.) SIR J. HUDSON TO LORD J. RUSSELL (RECEIVED MAY 9.) Turin, May 6, 1860. My Lord,—l have the honour to inclose here with the copy of a despatch which I have received from her Majesty's Consul for Genoa, reporting the departure from places near Genoa of two Sardinian merchant steamers with a number of persons, com puted by the Consul at about 400, bound on an ex pedition, it was thought, to the island of Sicily. From other quarters I have learnt that this expe dition will not proceed to Sicily but will disembark at some point on the mainland, and will attempt to raise the Abruzzi. I have, &c., (Signed) JAMES HUDSON. (Enclosure in No. 1.) CONSUL BROWN TO SIR .1. HUDSON. Genoa, May 6, 1860. Sir,—l sent you, early this morning, the follow ing telegram : _ _ I' Sicilian expedition left this coast for Sicily this morning in two steamers. Numbers variously computed; probably about 400. Particulars by messenger." And - although I have not at present any very exact data as to the number and equipment of the expedition, I think it best to put you at once in possession of such information as I have been able to collect, res erv i ng myse lf to g i ve you further de tails when I may be able. As you are aware, there have been collected in Genoa during the last few days a considerable number of refugees from the Southern Italian States, and other perspns whose object in coming here was, it was reportPd, to form an expedition under the command of Gen. Garibaldi to proceed to the assistance of the insurgents in Sicily. It had several times been reported that bodies of these men had started for Sicily, but I do not be lieve there was any truth in these reports;, as, hav ing witnessed the emlArkation last night, and seen how much movement and excitement was caused by it in the town, I do not think that if there had really been any previous expedition it would have re mained a matter of doubt. The embarkation commenced at about nine o'clock last night, and only finished at about half-past six this morning ; it was not, however, the great num ber of men embarked that caused it to be so long an operation, but the fact that it had to be performed in small boats, and that there appears to h ave b een some hitch or difficulty which was not foreseen by the head of the expedition as to getting the steamers in readiness. The embarkation did not take place in th e por t , as the authorities had taken measures to prevent this, but was effected by means of small boats, which took the men from th 3 beach of the Foci and that of Quarto, about four miles from Genoa. The bolts then waited about half a mile from shore until the steamers picked them up, which was not until near daylight. The two steamers are the Lombardo and the Piemonte, both Sardinian mer chant steamers usually employed in the voyages to Leghorn, Naples, Marseilles, &c. The number of men embarked is very variously computed, and I speak merely from the idea I was able to form from what I saw, and ray knowledge of the size of the steamers, when I reckon them at about 400. Some people assured me that there were upwards of 2,000, and some calculated the number actually embarked at only 300. The steamers were taken from the harbour; a force, or semblance of force, was, I am told, used; but this is hardly to be credited, since the ships were under the very guns of the arsenal ; and as the authorities had to my certain knowledge taken measures to prevent the embarkation from taking place in the port, they could hardly have permitted a forcible seizure of t WO steamers. The direction of the expedition is said to be for Sicily, and the steamers certainly laid their course that way ; but I have been able to learn but little on the subject, since the men themselves were in perfect ignorance as to their destination. No arms were visible among the men, but I am informed that a large number of cases and chests, such as may have contained arms, were embarked. I cannot either state for certain whether the ex pedition was headed by General Garibaldi, or whe ther he yet remains here ; certain it is that he took a very active part in the whole affair. There are constantly fresh arrivals of the so-called I