The Sun. — London, England, 1859-09-23 00:00:00

THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION. ABERDEEN, SEPT. 21. SECTION A.—MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE. President—The Earl of ROSSE. Yesterday Sir DAVID BREWSTER read a paper On the Decomposed Glass of Nineveh and other Places." He describe d the general appearances of glass in an extreme state of decomposition, when the decomposed part was so rotten as to break easily between the fingers, a piece of undecomposed glass being generally found in the middle of the plate. He then explained ac how, in other one, spectwoimens or, the decomposition took ple around , more points, forming hemispherical cups, which exhibit the black cross and the limits of polarised light. In illustration of this decomposition he showed to the meeting three specimens, in one of which there was no colour, but which consisted of innumerable circular cavities, with the black cross, these cavities giving it the appearance of ground glass. In another specimen the film was of pecu liar and of great beauty, showing a complementary colour by reflected and transmitted light. In a third variety the films were filled with circular cavities, exhibiting most beautiful colours, both in common and polarised light. Various other re markable properties of other plates were described by the author. SECTION B.—CIIYMISTRY. President—Dr. LYON PLAYFAIR, C.B. A communication was read by J. G. MAcVICAR, D.D., " On the Organic Elements, and their Rela tions to each other, and to the Medium of Li g ht," illustrated by models, according to the author's theory of the forms and structures of the molecules of bodies. He began by recalling to the memory of the audience the remarks which hadrecedin been made on the philosophy of chem istr y on pg days, which brought the subjec t into that position in which his own theory desired to find it, viz., an admitted analogy of function in the entire series of chemical agents, to which it is to be inferred that an analogy in structure corresponds, abolishing from the philosophy of chysaistry the division of chymical agents into simple and com pound, and viewing them all as compound, the con stituent atom, or truly simple element, being some thing that is lighter than hydrogen, and a physical rather than a recognised chymical agent. In order to find it he then stated the sanction which modern science has given to the ancient doctrine of an uni versal ether constituting the medium of light and radiant heat, and composed of particles, all similar to wit other, and animated by repulsive and at tractive forces, like the molecules of common bodies. He then proceed ed to show that by giving an affirmative answer to the query of Sir I. New ton, as to whether the molecules of dense bodies may not be composed of particles of the medium of light, a molecular theory resulted which satisfied and explained to a wonderful extent the well known atomic weights and phenomena generally of chymical agents. The principle on which lie conducted his synthesis of molecules was that of statical eqnilibrium or symmetry; and here he pro ceeded to the construction of a few of the simpler o f th em. The first in the series, of which a repre sentative in the laboratory is to be looked for, is a molecule composed of five particles of light or ether, three to form an equator and two to form poles. He showed that this molecule, when viewed in re lation to its own exquisite mechanical structure and to the medium of light in which it continues to exist, gave as its mechanical and optical proper ties the same as observation gave as the properties of hydrogen gas, so that this molecule becomes in science a valuable representative of hydrogen and a reminder of its properties. He then reached the structural representatives of carbon, to show how simply his theory explained the hydro carbons, the' principle of symmetrical con structions immediately giving two eminent hydro-carbons, the one with a carbon and the other with a hydrogen nucleus, the numbers of whose constituent hyd ro g ens and carbons being counted gave numbers identical with the chemical formulae of caoutchoue and of the essential oils. He stated that he was prepared to go into similar de tails with regard to the other hydro-carbons, and to discuss tie other organic elements, oxygen and nitrogen; but, the time being limited, he preferred bestowing what time was left in illustrating his method. A commendatory discussion ensued, in which Professor L. Playfair, Professor Williamson, and the Abbe Moigno took a part, but without giving their adhesion, as might be expected, to a theory which cannot be accepted without entering on a new era in chemistry. SECTION E.—GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOLOGY. President—Admiral Sir 3. C. Ross. Sir It. NlußomsoN stated in this section yester day that at a meeting of the committee of this sec tion, held in the morning, he had proposed a motion relative to the communication read on the previous day regarding a memorial to the great and illus trious Humboldt. That motion had been most un animously and heartily adopted, and he (Sir R. Murchison) trusted it would meet the same favour able reception from the section at large—a section which should be the first to do honour to the tra veller whose name was known throughout the whole world. (Hear.) He (Sir Roderick) having had the deepest personal regard for Baron Hum boldt, and having received encouragement from him during many years of his scientific life, and having further, in 1840, proposed that there should be a meeting, on a great scale, of the scientific men from all nations at Frankfort-on-the-Maine, and to honour Humboldt by asking him to preside, he (Sir Roderick) in those circumstances thought it fitting enough that the motion which he would now read should emanate from him. (Applause.) The motion was as follows : "That the Committee of the Geographical and Ethno logical section of the British Association, being deeply in terested in the promotion of any preject by which the memory of the truly illustrious Humboldt shall be honoured and science advanced, do hereby express their sympathy with the wishes of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, respecting the establishment of the Humboldt Foundation for Physical Science and Travels.' " The motion was passed amid cordial applause. Mr. A. AMEUNEY, a Syrian g entleman, read a paper " On the Arabic speaking Population of the World." Dr. MACGOWAN then delivered an address " On Chinese Genealogisal Tables," which drew forth some discussion. In answer to questions from Principal CAMP BELL regarding the rebellion in China—namely, whether these portions of China in possession of the rebels were the native districts of those men, or if they had come from other parts of the country —whether they were marauders, and if the rebel lion was on the increase, and what was likely to be its effect on the future of China, — Sir JOHN BowRING said that he did not believe any one of the leaders of the rebels, or any man holding an influential position, was connected with the localities in their possession. The rebels had found no support or sympathy from the inhabitants of the quarters into which they had advanced. They lived solely on plunder, and their progress from town to town, and from place to place, was one track of desolation. They were very ignorant, had no common bund of union, and wherever re bellion had been experienced the progress of civi lisation and education had been retarded. So far as he (Sir John) had watched the progress of the rebels, it had been marked by barbarism and destruction of property and life. He looked with great apprehension upon the security of China, for where Government was so corrupt, and its laws but so partlally obeyed—where justice was so impure and religion so little thought of, he was afraid in that country there was nothing to be anticipated but great disorganisation and in creasing misery. SECTION F.—ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS. Yesterday a paper, " On the British Trade with India," prepared by Mr. R. Valpy , was read b y the secretary. It stated that in the year 1858 the ex - Po of British- produce from England to India amounted to £16,7‘2,515, and exceeded those to the United States, which were not more than £14,510,61 l ow amount, it was true, for the United States. the first six months value of Britis h of 1859 the produce exported had been £11,7 83,795 to the 1815, the first States, and £10,109,563 to India. In I. ris t tdear after the opening of the Indian trade to e., ll ,s ra o , er s ch o a f nt h s, the total value of the imports Zlo,7 t ol is from and to India amounted to to 000 count 1858 the amount was £31,754,000 . In 1858, there fore, the value o f the British trade with India was imp orts three times'more than it was in 1815. The comp u t e d real value of the total imports from India in each year since 18 54 , w hen the real tom -house, wasa of the was first ascertained at the C_ .. .10,672,000 1854 ...................... 1855 ........................ 186 ........................ 162(p,000 15,600,000 _ . 1857 '''''''''''''''''''''' : 14,972000 1858 ........................ This increase was not so striking as that of the ex. ports of British produce to India, the totals, _o_n a comparison of similar periods — viz ., from 18ao to 1858 of er 1815 to 1819—for the respective periods being about £11,600,000 against £2,800,000. In 1850 there was a large increase in the imports of Indian cotton, the qyantity being 118,872,7421 b , which since had steadily increased. The paper no ticed the various articles of imports and exports, showing that India is the best customer we have f?r the most important of our industrial produc t4ns. For example, in 1854 the quantity of cotton manufactured goods exported was only 39,000,000 'Thds, and in 1858 it rose to 728,000 , 000 yard s. e total value of our exports of cotton stuffs and yarns to India in 1858 was £10,249,826. 11 chinery has been exported to India since 1855 to the extent of £500,000 annually. The business of the sections was concluded yes terday, with the exception of a few papers, which are to be read to-day, in the Mathematical, Che mical, and Geological Sections. At a meeting of the General Committee held to day in the Library of Marischal College, Dr. Robin son presiding, grants of money for scientific ob jects, to the amount of £930, including £5OO to Kew Observatory, were passed unanimously. The reports of the various sectional committees were read and approved. TUSCANY, MODENA, AND PARMA. (From the Timegs.) It may well be supposed that the Ducal houses of Tuscany, Modena, and Parma will not consent to fall without a struggle. The sympathies of the present age are not, indeed, likely to be much en listed on the side of pretenders to thrones. The days when a Stuart was honoured in Rome and Paris, and a Bourbon received the homage of Eng lish visitors at Hartwell, are for ever gone by. The rightful heir of St. Louis lives unnoticed and almost forgotten in his German retirement, and Louis Napoleon Bonaparte has been recei red at once into the rank of European Sovereigns, his only credentials being the possession of supreme power in his own country. But if the Grand Duke of Tus cany and his compeers foresee the obscurity which awaits them should Italy ever exclude them from its limits, they are all the more anxious to leave no means untried for the preservation of the authority which only belongs to them as long as they hold it. Nor are they without powerful friends and many hopes of success. Like the frontier Barons of the middle ages, they find security in the rivalry of the great potentates on whose limits they live. The Grand Duke, no doubt, considers himself, to use the phrase of the day, the only possible solu tion of the Tuscan question. Who shall rule the fair city of Florence and its classic land ? Not Austria, for she has for ever renounced the right of interference. Not Sardinia, for Austria will go to extremities to prevent it, and the French Empe ror, nettled at Victor Emmanuel's independence and the alleged ingratitude of the Piedmontese, will play into the hands of his late enemy before allowing a powerful State to be founded on his frontiers. The objections of the Tuicans to a French Imperial Prince, and the transfer to one foreigner of the supremacy lately snatched from another, seem likely to forbid the settlement which is supposed to be favoured by France. There are difficulties in the way of any new arrangement, and the exiled Princes may well believe that they are destined to return to their capitals, if not amid the enthusiasm, at least with the acquiescence, of their subjects. That in spite of elections by universal suffrage, and votes by an unamimous assembly, these are the hopes of the Grand Dukes and their followers is abundantly manifest. They are working hard among courtiers and diplomatists to set the in ternational machine in motion against the deci sion of liberated Italy. The recent movement in the Peninsula is, indeed• almost without paral lel in history. The charge that disaffection was confined only to a few restless spirits has been summarily disproved. As soon as the pressure of Austrian military strength was taken off, the whole of Central Italy rose against its oppres sors—against its worst oppressors, the Italian Princes themselves. Never was greater una nimity. Army, civil officials, professional men, traders, handicraftsmen, and peasants, all joined in expelling the rulers who had made their dominions mere provinces of the Viennese Emperor. The Grand Duke of Tuscany had a respectable military force, relying on which he had made a treaty with Austria for the permanent subjection of Italy. But they were Tuscan officers who announced to him that his power had passed away, and it was an es cort of Tuscan cavalry which, under the orders of a Provisional Government, conducted the legitimate ruler beyond the frontiers of his Duchy. Nearly the same thing took place in Modena, and even in Parma the respectable character of the Regent was unable to preserve the principality for her child. These revolutions were accomplished while an im mense Austrian army was actually in possession of the strongest places in Italy, when the issue of the war was still doubtful, when the reputation of Francis Joseph's troops still gave reason to suppose that Piacenza and Pavia might be destined to break the tide of French invasion, and perhaps to roll it back on Piedmontese soil. But the most striking proof of the unanimity of the Italians is to be found in the events which have taken place in the Legations. Here the authority of the most ancient and venerable throne in Chris tendom has been thrown off by a population taught from infancy only to listen and obey. What must not the strength of that impulse be which can turn men who have been governed by Austrian commandants and educated by Romish priests into the assertors of liberty, and the as yet suc cessful maintainers of order ? Yet it is these Tus cans, Modenese, and revolted subjects of the Pope whom it is now necessary to represent as fail ing in their objects, as repenting of their late pro ceedings, as unable to organise independence or freedom, and as conscious of their own inca pacity. It cannot be doubted that if the belief became general that the Italians were unwilling participators in the late revolutions, or that order would be threatened by the exclusion of the Grand Dukes, a great point would be gained by the partisans of the exiled families. They have fir them Austria, the Pope, perhaps the French Emperor, and certainly the Government of the Two Sicilies. They may calculate on powerful support if ever a Congress meets ; and we cannot but think that even the desire of thwarting English, inter ference would operate largely on more then one Continental Power. They have the Princes and mighty ones of the earth on their side, but they fear that with the people their case is different. They have been expelled by popular movements, and not a hand has been raised in their cause. And as long as this is the conviction of Europe it will be difficult to restrain Sardinia from accepting the fusion which has been proposed by the new Go vernments. There is enough of public conscience in Europe to prevent any gross outrage on a people which is merely seeking its own happiness. Let the world remain in the belief that the Dukes are not wanted by the Italians, and neither France nor Austria will have the courage to reinstate them. But there is one way of sapping the strength of the new Governments, and of giving their enemies an excuse for summary measures. It is by making it appear that the mass of the popu lation in the Duchies is coerced by a few dema gogues, and that, while honest men are strongly desirous of seeing again their legitimate rulers, a set of adventurers are passing off their own deci sions as the will of their countrymen. A long letter has reached le to this effect, purporting to come from a Tuscan ; it complains of the tyranny of the Government, the impossibility of conversing freely without danger of delation and imprisonment. It charges the elections with corruption, declares that only a small percentage of the people voted, and that in many cases votes were openly extorted. Now, all this is to be expected from a beaten party. Any one who is acquainted with the hi.tory of re volutions knows that the existence of a party at tached to the old institutions and the persons of the banished rulers is always to be found, strangely tenacious of life, clinging to its traditions closely, and satisfying its animosities bitterly. This was the case in England for 70 years ; it is still the case in France : why should. Italy be an exception ? As for the asser tion that the people are careless about, or averse form, the movement, even if it be true, the same might be said of many of the most salutary change s. In every country it is only a minority which takes an active share in politics, and we should not ask what the peasant or the huckster engaged in sordid cares thinks about the fate of Italy, but what have been the principles and the action of the educated classes throughout the chief cities of the North and Centre? We by no means allow that the people are indif ferent to the recent changes, but, even allowing it for the sake of argument, it is nevertheless certain that every man of mind and honour is committed to the cause of freedom, and that under the guid ance of such men the political character of the Italians is rapidly recovering from the contempt I which had for ages been cast upon it. The following is the letter alluded to above : Sir,—The impossibility which we unhappy Tus cans feel by any means to make the truth known through the press of our own country, the punish ment which too often awaits any private interchange of our real opinion, induce me to appeal to your invaluable assistance in endeavouring to undeceive those statesmen in your country who appear too ready to be led away by false assertions, so often repeated, of tranc i uillity, which exists but on the surface, and of a pretended national election, which had it s origin in n timidation and deception. We exist a this i moment under oppression with out example 'Weu s, have hardly even the liberty of thought left tofor on the slightest suspicion we are imprison e d and condemned without any leg al The sentence. p opular vote se much boasted com prised at the most 2 per cent. of the population, and if we make the , d t e h d e u r etion of those votes ex torted by compulsion expression of opini on „, there will hardly remain the free more than 1 per cent. of the Tuscan people. The municipalities are said to havevoted spon taneously the anne xati on to Pie dmont. can be further fr om the truth. I myself belong a municipality who se real o p inio ns I Noth in g t well kil): All are sincerely desir ous of the return of the exist: ing dynasty, and yet their votes are recorded for the fusion. There cannot be a greater proof that the majority of the population really desire the return of our preserA Sovereign, so deservedly popular than the thousands of persons who, without o Wise compromising themselves, left their cards with Prince Poniatowski, as an indication that they had no sympathy with the existing rulers, by whom he had been so ill received, but ardently desired the return of the existing representative of their late mild and paternal Government. The public treasury has been plundered, the reveizue of the next 18 months anticipated. In the last foul* mouths more than 50,000,000 Tuscan lire have beezl. squandered, and if this system of extra vagant cotTuption is much longer continued the country will })e entirely ruined. The Piedmontese influence was by no means extinguished by the de parture of the Commissioner. He still continues in all the departments to exercise the same powers through the age:sts he had placed and through salaried agitators. It is now notorious that it was Piedmontese money scattered on all sides beforo the 27th of April which brought about the insurrection. Two superior officers received immense sums for procuring the disaffection of the troops, in order to make evident to the Prince that his army had thrown off its allegiance , The great majority of my countrymen, deprived of any external support, oppressed by daily despotism, beset in the public streets by lawless agitators, imprisoned without just cause if they seek justice from the authorities, find themselves almost without:the power of devising any means of giving expression to their wish for the return of their lawful Sovereign. It is therefore hoped that through your columns this sincere contfadiction of the untruths daily circulated may be allowed to appear, and that your eminent statesmen may no longer be deceived into giving the moral weight of their support and opin ion to the revolution in Tuscany. I trust I have at the same time taken the best means of convinc ng you, by the most satisfactory reference, that I am a person of respectability, who, living on the spot, would not make any assertions of which I could not prove the truth.—l am, Sir, your obe dient humble servant, A TUSCAN. Florence, Sept. 12. THE MTN, LONDO I 711 E NAT /l' . On Wednesday, as second in command in China, Rear .Admiral T. Jones hoisted his flag, blue at the mizen, on board the screw steam frigate Imperieuse, 51, Capt. Maguire, now in Keyham-yard, Plymouth. The flag was duly saluted by the Impregnable, and the salute acknowledged by the gunnery ship Cam- bridge, Capt. Jerningham. Vice-Admiral Sir Barrington Reynolds, K.C.8., Commander-in-Chief at Plymouth, having been granted leave of absence, struck his flag on board the Impregnable, in Hamoaze, on Wednesday night. His duties will in the meantime devolve on Sir C. Fremantle, Admiral of the Channel Fleet, now in Plymouth Sound. Commander E. D. Aplin is appointed to the pad dle-wheel steam-sloop Centaur, 6, at Plymouth. The gunboats Cockchafer and Weazel at Plymouth are to be commissioned immediately, with crews of 40 men each. The revenue screw steam vessel Argus, Conimo dore John S. W. Grindy, which put into Plymoutl on Sunday, sailed again on Wednesday. The large screw frigate Ariadne, 32, with engines of 800-horse power (nominal), is being rapidly made ready for sea in the fitting dock at Chatham. The line-of-battle screw steamer Irresistible, 80, which is to be launched at Chatham dockyard on the 29th October, has a large body of shipwrights employed about her in making the necessary pre parations for the launch. The line-of-battle sailing ship Rodney, 90, and the sailing frigate Severn, 50, in dock at Chatham, being converted into screw steamers, are progress ing very fast, several hundred shipwrights being employed on board, in order that both th ose vessels may be completed with the utmost despatch. The British Navy is just about to lose one of the old frigatemwhich played a conspicuous part dur ing the American war—the St. Lawrence, for merly celled the Shannon, which, under the com mand of Capt. P. Broke, attacked and made the capture of the famous Chesapeake, on the Ist of June, 1813, having arrived in Chatham yesterday, in tow of the African and Adder, for the purpose of being broken up. The St. Lawrence had been sta tioned at Sheerness for some time, where she has been employed in harbour service, but the Admi ralty have now ordered her to be taken to pieces. She will be taken into the dock at Chatham, now occupied by the Tartar, 46, also being broken up, when a large body of hired shipwrights will com mence her destruction. Yesterday orders were received at Chatham by Col. E. Rea, commandant of the battalion of Royal Marines, directing detachments of non-commissioned officers and men to be selected from that division, and:held in readiness to embark in the Reynard, 4, and Snake, 4, two of the screw steam vessels which have just been commissioned for operations in China. It is expected that several of the steam gunboats which are now lying on the covered slip at Chatham Dockyard, will shortly be commissioned for service in China, it being the intention of the Government to despatch a fleet of 50 gunboats to the Chinese waters, besides a squa dron of frigates and other vessels. In consequence of the great care which has been taken of the gun • boats at Chatham, they are now in as good condi tion as when they were hauled up on the slipway at the conclusion of the Russian war, and can all be brought for ward for service in a very short time. Especial care has been taken to insure the machi nery against being spoiled or injured. The following appointments were made yesterday at the Admiralty :—D. J. May, Master, to the Ring dove ; J. H. Lawrence, Master to the Centaur ; J. D. Switzer, Master to the Reynard ; D. J. May, Second Master, promoted to Master •, W. L. Dodds, Second Master to the Hardy ; E. Colburne, Second Master to the Havock ; T. Steel, Second Master to the Cockchafer ; C. W. Harris, Paymaster to the Sphinx; F. C. Flenley, Paymaster to the Centaur; J. B. Rawlings, Assistant Paymaster in charge to the Beagle ; C. A. Shapcote, Assistant Paymaster in charge to the Snake; J. K. Cowley, Assistant Paymaster in charge to the Ringdove ; W. Flood, Clerk to the Pembroke ; and R. Olivey, Assistant Clerk to the St. Vincent. In the list of appoint ments made at the Admiralty on Wednesday, for " Lieut. A. G. Boyle," read A. G. Bogle to com mand the Hardy, commissioned. ; vervment, and was supplied with its en ii accessories—namely, the tender, capable of ;13 taming a supply of water and coals for a day's w rk, waggons, &c., together with a gun carriage. I' e new engine is on the principle of Boydell's p tent, as employed in Woolwich Arsenal, and is fi ted with various alterations and additions, in ✓ nted And patented by the manufacturer, such as a improved method of attaching the endless rail w yto the wheels of the instrument by which the ✓ il is lifted passing through the wheel instead of a i i the side, so that the endless railway is balanced NI bile being carried round on the wheel, by which i sans the friction and wear and tear are said to bV c nsiderably diminished. The patent wheels are aso of a new construction, being composed of vrought iron welded together, and are pronounced fir superior to the wooden ones first introduced, and which in eastern climates are liable to be speedily destroyed by red ants and other vermin. The rails and wearing parts are of steel, and the unwieldy appearance which the endless railway formerly gave to the engine, and which was the terror of horses and other animals on the road, is, under the present invention, ingeniously concealed by compact and light-looking covers. A second engine of a similar description is ordered to be con structed for India, at the request of the War Depart • merit. MANNING THE NAVY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—Having read the various letters elicited b ) that from me which you were pleased to publish on the 16th inst., I would make a few observations, to which I trust you will give a place in your columns. In the composition of the supposititious crew of 1,000 men I by no means intended to fix an exact proportion, but merely to exemplify a principle, the details of which must depend upon numerous conditions, varying with the class of ships and their armaments, and occasionally with the special ser vices upon which they are employed. The fact that " many merchant ships are lost for want of a proper number of hands," adduced by " A Naval Officer," is but too true, but supplies no argument in the case. The fact is notorious, but does not apply to first-class merchant ships, which, although manned by far fewer seamen in proportion to their tonnage than those assumed in my supposi titious crew, are navigated long voyages as safely as even men-of-war with their full complement of men, according to the present establishment. It cannot for a moment be contested that the trained seamen gunners, from whom the " captains of guns" referred to by Captain Masse are selected, are as good as " marine" gunners, and from their being likewise seamen are preferable as gunners on board ship,being able to do duty in theirdouble capa city; for the same reason seamen would be preferable in the engineer department on board steamships, if they could be procured, instead of men selected solely for their mechanical skill ; but at the same time it cannot be questioned that " marine artillery men" arc superior as gunners to ordinary seamen, and without invidiousness it may be stated, from the mere fact of their being specially trained to the guns, that they are as a body the best gunners on board ships of war. Totally disagreeing from " A Naval Officer" as to the possibility of a ballot entailing forced service, which, in a free country like England, would, it is to be feared, lead to open resistance and all the evils of the press-gang, it appears to me that the ques tion of manning the navy—the gravity of which cannot be exaggerated—must be solved by other means. The extension of the mercantile marine of this country is so great, in consequence of the rapid growth of its trade, that the supply of able seamen in ordinary times scarcely keeps pace with the de mand, and is certainly not equal to it in cases of ex traordinary emergency. Sir C. Napier's evidence as to the manning of the Baltic fleet is conclusive on this point. If, therefore, superior inducements in increased pay, &c., be held out to sailors to enter the navy, the mercantile marine will be compelled to keep pace and compete with the navy by corre sponding inducements. In such a competition it is probable that the natural disposition of the sailor, -which leads him to seek frequent change, and to object to the strict discipline inseparable from ser vice on board a ship of war, will make him prefer the merchant service, and the question would again be reduced to its present condition, and a na-; y with continuous service seamen would be a deside ratum then as now. Improvements in guns will necessitate the em ployment of highly skilled hands for working them, and upon the same principle that the introduction of steam required that the portion of a ship's com pany specially devoted to the service of the engines should be recruited from another than the seafar ing class, so will it become necessary to recruit naval gunners from a more numerous class of the population who can be obtained and trained in adequate numbers for the particular skilled service which is required of them. As regards boat expeditions and other occasional services, the Marines are at present much used in their performance, and no doubt if they were more numerous might assist more largely in them, so that ships need never be endangered by the tempo rary absence of too large a portion of their seamen en distant expeditions. Recent improvements in gunnery, such as Sir W. Armstrong's gun, require that immediate steps should be-taken to obtain a full supply of compe tent gunners, otherwise they remain comparatively valueless. The sooner the necessity of the case is met the better, or it may happen, as with the improved rifles in the late war in the Crimea, that the advan tage of the improvements will be only very partially reaped, by reason of the ignorance of those who have to use them. Unhappy must that side always be in a fight, whatever the arms, which is not skilled in the use of those arms. It is too great a risk, in face of the rapid progress of invention, to leave dv_fi ciencies ill skill to be supplied by mere animal courage. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, Sept. 21. J. L. A. SIMMONS. TO THE EDITOR OF TIIE TIMES. Sir,—With reference to Mr. Cave's letter on your second leading article of the 10th inst., I beg to bear te3timony to its truth, and solicit your insertion of the following : During the past yeor 14 lads from this ship have joined the army, and six have entered the navy. All are doing well. There are at. present on board many fine " strap ping" boys of 16 and upwards, some of whom hare been at sea. Many have been convicted of only trivial offences, such as desertion from whips, va grancy, sleeping in outhouses, &c., but all ha.. e undergone a careful course of moral training and discipline for an average of two years, by which their antecedents, however bad, are thoroughly eradicated. They have also been instructed in the various duties of a sailor, and are considered by most of the shipowners of this port to bc. worth the wages of an ordinary seaman. (Two have to-day joined the ship Alexander as ordinary seamen.) But, alas ! in addition to their other faults, they have broken the " eleventh" commandment, and, unlike their more fortunate though not more honest brethren, have been contaminated by the Reform atory, and are considered unfit to be openly re ceived into her Majesty's naval service.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, WILLIAM FENWICK, Commander R.N. School Frigate A ull kbaCra,ll 3 t r i o k n en c the d , A s k e b p a t r. 21. - GARIBALDI AND THE TYNE.—In the spring of 1854, General Garibaldi arrived in the Tyne in command of the barque Commonwealth, of New York, to load a cargo of coals for Genoa. While in that rive' the Tyneside mon presented him with a sword, field-glass, &c., and the gene ral has comveyed information to his n orth-countryfriends that he has used both glass and eword to some service dur . - r ing the recent campaign in Italy. Th e Commonwealth in the Tyne again, but she has changed her name and ow ner also. She is now called the Leguria of Genoa, and is sadly changed. - She was a smart, clean, and handsome looking craft when in charge of Garibaldi, who, in appear ance, as he walked the streets of Shields, was every inch a sailor. She Juts now a sad, slovenly, neglected-like appear ance, and is altogether different to the Commonwealth of Garibaldi. [ADvEirr7SEmENT.]—To the hectic, the consumptive, the dyspectic, the emaciated, and the debilitated, Du Barry's delicious health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Food restores sound lungs, perfect digestion, refreshing sleep, and ner vous and muscular energy without any of the uncertainties, annoyances, and ruinous e xpenses incurred by medicines, co d liver oil, or 'visits to distant climes. We quote a few of the many thousand cures effected by this delicious food. Cure No. 39,618—Dr. Wurtzer, of consumption. Cure No. 54,812 —Mist Virginia Zeguers, cured ofconsumption, after her medical advisers had abandoned all hopes of recovery. Cure No. 3,9o6—Thirteen years' cough, indigestion, and general debility have been removed by Du Barry's excel lent Food. James Porter, Athol. street, Perth. Cure No. 51,4118 —Miss Gallard, 17, Rue du Grand St. Michael, Paris, W,1.14 in the last stage of consumption, of which two sisters had died, sad given up by her medical attendant, when, as a last resource, her, father gave her Du Barry's Revalenta Ambles, awl in about three months she was perfectly free from cough, expectoration, nocturnal perspirations, and every other symptom of this dreadful disease, and is now perfectly well. Cure No. 46,270—Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant, of thirty years diseased' lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, par tial deafness. Cure No. 52,087 Field-Marshal Duke of Ilusknov, of gastric inflammation of the stomach. En tins, at Is. 6d. ; Ilb., 3s. ; 21b., ss. 9d. ; 51b., 125.; 1211,.. 265. The 10lb. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London Fortnum, Hamm, and Co., 182, Piccadilly ; Abbis, 60, Graceeirireh-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, Oxford street; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopscrate street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. Also at Dublin, Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburgh, -Raimes and Co., at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew ; at Manchester, Sharp and Scott; at York, Raimes, Blanchard, and Co.; at South ampton, Randsn and Son. THE ARMY. In addition to the large draught of Royal Marines, upwards of 1,000 in number, strong detachments from the Rifle Brigade, two Light Infantry Regi ments, and en efficient draught of men from the Military Train are about to be de.patched to rein force the British forces in China, proceeding by the overland route. Col. M'Murdo, C. 8., Aide-de-Camp to the Queen, Commandant of the Military Train Corps stationed at Woolwich, yesterday issued instructions for the assembling of the two battalions under his com mand on Sunday next, at 10 a.m., for his inspec tion. The battalions are to form in heavy marching order, in front of the Military Train lines on Wool wich-common, together with the whole of their horses, waggons, &c. ; the dismounted men to be formed in roar of the battalions ; the whole to be under the command of the senior officer. The Cel.- Commandant will afterwards inspect the orderly rooms, Quartermaster's stores, and, at the dinner hour, the men's dinners. Intelligence was yesterday received at Chatham garrison of the arrival at Gravesend of the remain ing companies of the 78th Highlanders (Ross -shire Bugs) from Bombay, in the Mary Shepherd, the head-quarters and right wing having arrived seve ral days previously. The 78th Highlanders left England in 1842, and have spent 17 years in India, during which period they have seen a great deal of service. The strength of the companies which ar rived at Gravesend yesterday is 10 officers and a little more than 200 men of all ranks. Oniy a very few of the officers and men who originally left Eng land with the regiment return with it. In conse quence of its numerous losses and casualties the 78th has been reduced to a little more than half its original strength, but the depot companies, which are now at Aberdeen, being very strong, the regi ment will nearly reach its required number. The officers and men of the 78th are to disembark from the vessel which brought them from Indin and be transferred to her Majesty's steam troopship . Vul can, 6, for conveyance to Scotland, the regiment being stationed at Inverness. The first battalion of the Bth (the King's) Reghnent, which has been in India since 1846, is shortly expected home. The depot companies are at Chatham. One of the patent traction engines, or; as they a re termed by the inventor, " steam horses/' manu f ac tured by Mr. Charles Burrell, of Thetford, in Norfolk, was a few days ago tested over the sandy and uneven thoroughfares leading to Plumstead common, and was freighted with one of the 95 cwt. guns attached to a gun carriage, together with a train of waggons, &c. It is intended to work eco nomically on common roads and for agricultural purposes, or where no roads exist ; and it is as serted that the engine and railway are capable of overcoming difficulties which no amount of horse power can possibly accomplish. The engine left Woolwich on Wednesday under its own steam, and proceeded from the Royal Arsenal to the Nine-elms Railway station for conveyance, via Southampton, to Cairo. It - was manufactured by order of Colonel Tulloch and Mr. Anderson of the War Department, at the request of the Egyptian FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 23, 1859. 7WR FATAL AT LEWES. LEWES, SEPT. 22. The inquest on the bodies of the four men killed at the Lewes sheep fair, by the explosion of a steam-engine, was opened this afternoon at the Elephant and Castle Inn, before the county coro ner (Mr. F. H. Gell), and a jury chosen from the principal tradesmen of the town. Mr. Briggs was in attend rice to watch the pro ceedings on behalf of the Messrs. Cheale, the owners of the engine ; and Mr. Hillman attended for the family of the deceased, Hilder. Henry Lamport examined—l hare this afternoon seen the body of a man at the Elephant Ind Castle, and I recognise it as that of my son, Reuben Lam- ,ort, a farmer's labourer. He was at the Lewes sheep fair. My son lived at Findon, and was 25 years of age. I did not witness the accident. De- ceased was a single man, and had come to Lewes for a holiday. Jane Borrer, the wife of John Borrer, sawyer, of Lewes, deposed that she kaew John Gold, one of the deceased, and that she had that evening seen his body. He was a workman in the employ of Messrs. Cheale and Son, agricultural implement makers and engineers at Lewes. She saw him yesterday morning going to the fair, and that was the last that she saw of him till she saw his dead body. _ _ Air. Briggs, a professional gentleman, attende( to watch the case on the part of Messrs. Cheale and Co., and he elicited the fact that Gold was perfectly sober when he left home, before he went to the fair. John Borrer was examined as to the recogni tion of two of the bodies, John Gold and Jesse Upton. The latter was a married man, and had left a large family, seven or eight children. John Hilder examined—l am a farmer at Hor sted Keynes, and I have seen this day the body of my son, Albert Hilder, a single man, who was 23 years of age. He left me about seven o'clock yes terday morning, and I never saw him afterwards alive. Dr. Smythe examined—About ten minutes after one o'clock I was sent for to the fair, and on my arrival I saw a man whom I understood to bo Jesse Upton being taken off the ground, dead. There were two others quite dead, Reuben Lamport and Sohn Gold. Albert Hilder was living, but died in a very few seconds after I saw him. I also saw a boy named Woodall who had been injured. The three bodies were much mutilated. The injuries were such as might have been produced by the fall ing of the engine or any ponderous body upon them. I remained by Hilder for the few moments that he existed. I have to-day, with Mr. Murrell, examined the four dead bodies now lying in this With respect to Gold, I find a fracture of de right thigh, a fracture of the right knee, a acerated wound of the pelvis, and a fracture of the Left thigh bone, a fracture of the frontal and tem poral bone, exposing the brain, which caused his death. Any one of the latter injuries would be suf ficient to cause death. With regard to Jesse Upton, lie had extensive fracture of ribs, on both sides, pro ducing injury to the lungs and heart* hick was quite sufficient to produce immediate death. With re gard to Reuben Lamport the injuries are prin cipally to the head, lacerating the brain quite suf ficient to produce immediate death. As to Albert Hilder, his left jaw-bone was much fractured, a severe scalp wound, compound fracture of left wrist joint, and an extensive lacerated wound of the wrist. His death was caused by injuries to the head. A large piece, or several pieces, of iron, blown away from the engine might have caused the death of 1-lilder, but not of Jesse Upton, who I believe was killed by the falling of the engine upon him. ,011 Se. Mr. Murrell examined—l am a surgeon. I was present soon after the accident occurred. I had heard of it, and I immediately mounted my horse and rode towards the ground. On my way I met the body of Hiller. It was the wish of the police men who had charge of the body that I should re turn with them to the Elephant and Castle. I did so, and I remained there till the dead bodies of two )ther persons had arrived, namely, John Gold and Reuben Lamport. I have this afternoon, with l)r. Smythe, examined the four bodies, and I agree with the evidence that he has given in every par ticular. At this stage of the proceedings, half-past seven o'clock, Mr. Briggs suggested that as a portion of the machinery of the exploded engine was in the hands of Messrs. Cheale and Co. it should be placed in the custody of the police, in order that every inquiry should be made and the utmost investiga tion should be given to the case. The inquest was then adjourned till Monday next. _ - prison without the option of a fine. As it was, h• would have to pay a fine of 40s. or, in default of payment, one mouth's hard labour in the House of Correction. Tho prisoner was locked up in default. WORSHIP-STREET.—Ann Jones and Jane Bunker, young women, were charged with stealing from the shop of Messrs. Hopkins, drapers, 61 and 62, High-street, Shoreditch. Mr. Thos. Clowt, an assistant to the firm, stated —On tha previous evening the prisoners requested to be shown some mantles, and were conducted to that department upstairs. His suspicions were ex cited from a previous visit they had paid, and he gave directions that they should be watched. Sub sequently, from information afforded by one of the apprentices, an officer was sent for, and in the inte rim the prisoners descended, and said they had se lected one on which they wished to leave a deposit of a shilling, which was refused, and they in return were accused of robbery. Bunker replied instantly, " If we give you up the cloaks will you let us go 9" This was also refused, and Jones dropped a mantle from beneath her dress directly the constable arrived. On the way to the station-house another mantle made its :appearanee from beneath the garments of Jones, she manifestly being unable to walk further with it in so inconvenient a deposi tory. The value of the two articles, which were very bulky, was £2 13s. 61. Bedo Boys, the apprentice, proved having watched the prisoners in the mantle-room, and seen Jones conceal the property while her accomplice held a cloak before her apparently examining it. Jones said she was guilty, but denied that Bun : ker, who had also pleaded guilty the instant before, knew anything of the robbery. Both ►omen were committed for trial, but re , manded for former convictions to be proved. LAMBETH.—James Turner and Edmund Keefe, who have been in custody since the beginning of this month on the charge of attempting to poison Honora Turner, the wife of the former prisoner, were brought before Mr. Elliott for final exami- nation. From the evidence before taken it appeared that the prisoner Turner had been in the employment of Messrs. Maudslay and Co., but owing to his irregu larities and his neglecting to support his wife and family, was dismissed. The belief that kis wife had been to the factory to complain of him, and that this was the cause of his discharge, led no doubt to the commission of the offence. In addition to the evidence already given, Mrs. Mary Tame, who had just recovered from her confinement, was called and deposed, that she resided in the same house with Mrs. Turner, that on the evening of the 29th of last month she went into that person's room, and Mrs. 'Turner asked her to take some beer from a glass then about three parts full, and on the table. She drank about half the liquid, and almost immediately afterwards was seized with a violent sickness and retching. She continued very ill all night, and next day was prematurely delivered of the baby she then held in her arms. Mrs. Turner was recalled, and said that in con sequence of the last witness complaining of illness she (witness) drank a little of what remained in the glass, and instantly felt as if something was pricking her about her heart. She instantly smoked a pipe of tobacco to make herself ill, and retched a good deal. In reply to the questions of the magis trate, the witness said her husband had not been at home all night on Sunday, and that when he and Keefe called on the Monday morning he sent her for a pot of beer, from which they each drank, but it produced no ill effects, and when. they left a por tion of the beer remained in the glass. She had to go to a cupboard to get a candle, and therefore turned her back on her husband and Keefe, and she had no doubt that this time it was that they had put the stuff into the glass, as just after she saw something like salt on the floor. Mr. Elliott—What part of the room was it you observed this ? Witness—Close to the table, and under the chair where Keefe had been sitting. Patrick Stack, 170 L, produced the tumbler glass, with a portion of the sediment left, and also a paper containing a portion of the powder which he had picked off the floor. Mr. Blades, a surgeon, in Walcot-place, Ken nington, said that on the evening in question the two female witnesses were brought to him by the last witness ; and from their appearance it appeared they had been ill, and they told him they had retched a good deal. The constable produced to him at the time the white powder which he had pieked off the floor, and which, on analysation, he found to be sugar of lead. The officer also produced a tumbler-glass in which there was a deposit of ap parently the same mineral mixed up with beer. The women having said they had vomited a good deal, he did not think it necessary to do anything for them. Sugar or acetate of lead is a poison, and, if taken in a large dose, would kill the person taking it. The prisoner Keefe, after being cautioned in the usual way, said he had purchased the sugar of lead at a shop in the Blackfriars-road on the 29th ult. for his leg, and it had been taken from him by Turner, but what he had done with it he could not say. Turner declined saying anything. Both wero fully committed for trial. POLICE INTELLIGENCE.—Sept. 22, BOW-STREET.—Frances Stanley, who said she was a pianist, but whose appearance was of that character of " made-up" misery that usually distinguishes the professional beggar, was charged with being drunk, and begging with threats and violence. Mary Anne Harrington deposed—l conduct the business of an oil and Italian warehouse in New street, Covent-garden, for the proprietor, Mr. Greaves. Last evening the prisoner came into the shop drunk, and asked me to give her money, as she was in distress. I refused to give her anything, and she began to abuse and threaten me. Finding that I still declined to give her anything, she snatched up the ink-bottle I was using (as 1 was making out some accounts), and flung it in my face. My face was bruised, and the ink was spilled in my face and on the floor. I sent for a constable, and gave her in charge. She had been begging at almost every shop in the street, and using threats and bad language when refused. Honeyus,F 143, took the prisoner into custody, and said she was drunk. Another shopkeeper in New-street stated that the prisoner came into his shop to beg, and when refused began to abuse him and his customers in the foulest manner. The prisoner—l am very sorry. I have not the slightest recollection of what I did. lam in great poverty and distress ; I have two little children to keep, and my husband has deserted me for a year. Mr. Henry—But you were drunk. There can be no sympathy for a drunken beggar, and espe cially for one who abuses people, and throws things at them for refusing relief. The prisoner—Well, sir, I met a person that I knew, and he . gave me a drop to drink. It is the first time. Miss Harrington—Why . I saw you a fortnight ago in the shop opposite mine begging, and going on just in the same way. You were drunk then, and abused the shopkeeper awfully. Mr. Henry—Then this is not an isolated case, as you were trying to make out. I shall fine you 40s. for the assault, or in default, sentence you to three weeks' imprisonment. CLERKF,NWELL.—Thomas Barnett, a tele graph instrument maker, residing at 2, Green's terrace, Clerkenwell, was charged with assaulting his wife, Hannah Barnett, a woman apparently much older than her husband. Mr. John Wakeling, solicitor, appeared for the complainant, and said this was an unhappy affair, as the parties had only been married six weeks. The complainant had been a housekeeper in a gen tleman's family, and having in her possession a little money, she, before the marriage had a deed drawn up settling the money on herself, and to this deed the defendant was a party. The complainant, a day or two after the marriage was abused by the defendant, who was in the constant habit of get ting the worse for liquor, because she would not alter the deed. Not coltent with this, about a fortnight after the marriage the defendant pushed the complainant about the room, and twisted her wrists. On Sunday last the defendant assaulted her, and when she was packing her boxes the de fendant got in a great rage, pushe I her about, and hurt her very much. Notwithstanding this vio lence, ho (Mr. Wakeling) was only instructed to ask that the defendant should be bound over to keep the peace, and that the defendant should give the complainant her clothes, so that she might go to service again. The defendant (who appearod to be very excited) said he would give his wife her clothes if she wanted them Mr. Tyrwhitt ordered the defendant to enter into his recognisances to keep the peace, and adjourned the case for a few days, to see if the defendant gave his wife her clothes. Geovge Liplove, a rough, determined-looking fellow, wag charged before Mr. Tyrwhitt with vio lently assaulting Mrs. Mary Moore. Mr. John Wakeling appeared for the complainant. From the evidence of the complainant, one of whose eyes was blackened, and the side of her face bruised, it appeared that on Saturday last the de fendant went to her house and asked for his wif e . As soon as he saw his wife he began ill-using h er ; and when the complainant interfered he struck her a violent blow under the ear, which caused blood to flow from her nose and mouth. Not content with this violence, he struck her a heavy blow on the face, and felled her to the ground. While she was on the ground the defendant kicked her several times, and her body and arms were much bruised. The defendant said the complainant firstattacked him with a poker, a and he struck h er i n se lf d e f ence . Mr.'Tyrwhittsaid, if the def en d an t h a d no t re ceived some punishment he should have sent him to TB.4LLOON ASCENT. The editor of the Newcastle Daily Chronicle ac companied Mr. Coxwell in one of his ascents on Monday evening. He thus describes his aerial voyage:—" The sensations of the aeronaut are 01 the most delightful and inspiring character, and must impress with an almost devotional feeling any mind capable of being moved by the beauty of nature. The calm stillness, the absence of the slightest sense of movement, the bright light, the pure air, and the magnificent area of vision, make up a sum of pleasure which no pen can possibly describe. We are now about 6,000 feet above the earth,' says Mr. Coxwell in the coolest possible manner' and at the moment pop' goes a bottle of ginger beer—for a few bottles of pop' and half a dozen biscuits were the whole commissariat of the commander of our aerial vessel. The circumstance was immediately explained, for Mr. Coxwell is a scientific gentlemi.n, not a mere balloonist ; and we had a brief lecture on the fact that the pressure of the atmosphere having been removed, the carbonic acid gas in the bottle had had less resistance to contend against, and had consequently gone off.' The lessened weight of the air was at that moment manifested in many interesting modes, some of which we noted. Our finger ends, nose tip, and external ears tingled, as Albert Smith relates is always the case in the journey to the summit of Mont Blanc. The internal parts of the ear were affected in the reverse manner to that experienced in the descent of the diving bell. As the depth of the water became greater , we remember suffering considerable inconvenience from the pressure of the air in the bell upon the tympanum or drum of the ear, which was only relieved when the air contained within the drum escaped by the custachian tube ; but here up in the atmosphere 6,000 feet, the air within the chamber of the ear had expanded, owing to the pressure on the outside of the tympanum having been removed, and we were partially deaf till by a movement resembling yawning (which is practised by persons used to diving bells) the eustachian tube, which connects the back of the throat with the internal ear, was opened, and allowed a portion of the expanded air to escape. The pulse was beating 85, and no cold was experienced, though the evening was chilly in the lower regions. Ono of the most striking phenomena we noticed was the echo from the earth. After calling out over the side of the ;car, Where are we ? ' neariy three seconds elapsed before the land beneath mocked us by a distinct repetition. The experiment was several times repeated at vari ous altitudes, and the time elapsing between the shout and the echo afforded a rough idea of the distance of the balloon from the earth below. Shortly after rising into the air, Mr. Coxwell com pleted every provision for descent, by hanging out his strong grappling iron, and arranging ths bags of ballast, so as to be ready for immediate use. He then folded his arms, sat back in his seat, and became as enthusiastic on the delights of aerostation as the newest convert might have been expected to be ; from time to time noting the rate at which we were travelling, and the distance still left between us and the sea. To test whether we were ascend ing or descending, a sheet of the Daily Chronicle was torn into small pieces and thrown out. Mar vellous to relate, they P ppeared to drop down from us like pieces of metal ; we say appeared, for the motion was ours ; we were ascending rapidly and leaving the scraps of paper behind us. We met with them again afterwards, and overtook them before they reached the earth. The valve was pulled and fresh scraps of paper thrown out. IA ' e were descending, for the signals were left behind_ in the upper air ; by no other mean s could we know that the aerial vessel was going up or down. Down, still down. The hay and corn stacks, whose tops had hitherto only looked as large as the end of our pencil, were growing larg er ; we could see the fields. Where are wheat sheaves in some of the we P' came back as a quick echo ; but we got an answer also from a distant voice which, louder than the echo, replied, Not far from Hilton Brid ge .' The informant was invisible, and at the moment we overtook the paper we had first thrown out, and passed the signals in our downward incline. Shouts of people, yet invis ible, reached us, b u t we ra pidly neared the g round, and a slight vibration a few minutes afterwards told us that the grappling iron had touched the earth." SP ORTL GENCE. LEICESTER RACES.—THURS DAY. j handicap Sweepstakes of 10 sous ea ch, 5 ft, with 50 achteu. Winners extra. Gentlemen riders. Professionals extra. One mile and a quarter. i u . 61b extr a) Capt. Christie's F ern dale, 4 yrs, lOst 91b ( (Ashraall) 1 Lord C ov entry's Wanderer, 4 yrs, 9st 61b (Mr. Edwards e) ) 8 Mr. La Mert's Katherine Logie, 6 y rs, list 101 b( Blak The following also ran :—Soliersides, Pactolus, The Gift. B e tti ng -6 to 4 agst Wanderer, 4to 1 each agst Pa Sober c tolue and Katherine Logic, 5 to 1 eac h agst Ferndale and sides. A fine race in, won by a hea d ; a length end a ift val ° half be tweett the second and third ; goo d fourth ; The G beaten off. a Swee pstakes The Scurry handicap of 50 sous, a dded to of 10 sous each, 3 ft. Win ners extra. Half a m ile. 2° subs. Mr. S. Barratt's The Rover, by the Flying Dutchm ) an, 3 yrs, Set 61b (incl. 71b extra) ... ... .... (L. .. (Sadler) Snowden , Capt. Christie's Marmalade, 3 yrs, Snow den) 6st 71b ... J . Mr. Saxon's Lady Peel, 3 yrs, 65t101b.... (. The il Smax anLittle Aes also ran. betting Agnes opened at even on The Rover, but cd 1 l os ed al 7 to 4 agst Lady Peel, 2 t o 1 a g st The Rover, an 3 to agst Marmalade. Won by a length and a hal f ; a length b etween the second and third ; the others beaten off. The Skeffingten Nursery Handicap of 10 soya e ach, 3 ft., w ith 100 added. Winners extra. Three -quarter* of * mile. 44 subs. :N L l o r r . d F c u o ll v e e r n 's try,s Simple Nar S c i i m ss o u n s: b 7 y st. W . oodpigocu, 7 0 t (Pe rr Y 1 2 Mr. Saxon's Mixture, 7st 121 b (in 71b ix.) (L. Snowden 3 . (in. ...... ....(Custance The following also ran y Trespass, The Yoicks, Ringlet, Man-at-Arms, Greta, La flollandaiset Lucknow, and Ben Webster. Betting-5 to 2 agst Mixture, sto 1 each agst La Hollandaise and Greta, 7 to 1 each agst Man-at-Artoh Gentle, Lucknow, and Lady Trespass, 8 to 1 each ar si Narcissus and Simple Simon. n Won, after a fine race, by a head ; a head only betwee n the second and third ; La Hollandaise w e al sua indifferent fourth ; Greta, Lady Trespass, and Man -at-Arm Were Gentle, next. Selling Plate of 25 Novi, added to a Sweepstakes of 5 101 C. gall a each ; for two-yr-olds and upwards. T.Y. mile. 6 subs. Mr. Frazer's filly by Stockwell out of May Bell, 2 Yro (£4O), 4st 101 b ........... ': . ...... . ..... lgar), 1 Capt. Christie's The Dane 3 y . r . s . (X4O), 6st 91b.. (Samar) Mr. Taylor's colt by Stultz, out of Gentle Kitty, Otto ,, (80), sst 101 b , The following also ran :—Skittles , Marie Wilton , and l ha Russian Artilleryman. ckittle* Won by three lengths ; the ot hers beaten off. ,-- s werved against the cords at the la st turn, and came dm"- on her head. The winner was sold to Mr. Whittaker fot 100 guineas. The Innkeepers' Handicap Plate o f 25 Boys, added to Sweepstakes of 5 sovs each. One mile and a quasharter' Mr. 3. Osborne's Little Poll, 3 3 Ts, sst lib ..(Gritel 2 Mr. La Mert's Katherine Logie, 6 yrs, B st 121 b (French Kate and Twilight also ran. Betting-6 to 4on Twilight, 3to 1 agst Katherine 144/' and 5 to 1 agat Little Poll. Won by a head ; bad third ; Twilight slipped on h er quarters at the first turn, and was last all the waY . Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas; t h re e-year 94 81 b. -olds, 71b ; four, 9st; five, 9 st 7 1 b; s ix and aged/ Three miles. nAr ) 1 Mr. R. Chilton's Archduchess, 7st 71b ..... (C ll9 ' ll° 5 2 Mr. R. Sutton's King-at-Arms, 7st 71b . Zuyder Zee and The Dane also ran. Betting-11 to Bon Archduchess, sto 2 aget %older Zee, and 3 to 1 agst King-at-Arms. A dter Won by four lengths ; Zuyder Zee was stopped running rather more than two miles, and The Des pulled up at the distance and did not pass the post. ...... (Britton COUNTRY MARrIaS. MANCHESTER—SEPT. 22. he&t There was a moderate demand for new &Logi and good samples advanced is pe r q r. French whur held 2d 2d per 701bs higher, with a lang uid market. F10t...• for rather more money, but w h e re sales were effected Prarb wore without alteration. Old oats ea sier ; now la poroo lower. New oatmeal sold rather cheaper. Egritlnall p p u nchanged, but English declined is p er qr• wily-- brought rather over previous rates. BIRMINGHAM—SEPT. 22. There was a better supply of new wheat to-dah: the attendance was moderate. A trifling amount ut u 0 ;,4 ness doing at rather more money. Barley is in is demand, and maintained quotations—fine sorts Is uv Beans, peas, and oats dull, but no cheaper. LOUTH—SEPT. 21. but r ti a l A good amount of business was dons to-daN es t prices were at no advance o n last week, viz.,hte '460. and mixed, old and new, 40 s to 458 pe r qr. 'Oats, ' to Best samples of barley muck inquired for. 245; beans, 43s to 465; barley, 38s to 425. PLYMOUTH —SETT. 21. A lost l am' This market again quiet. Wheat in retail. ..- a, v d l its for barley. New oats in steady demand. Engli o 42 0 wheat, 44s to 465; red, 42s to 44s per qr ; Freachn, ' t gia to 43s ; grinding barley, 27s to 28s ; oats, 20s to "Y' l/ ' flour, fine, 33s to 34s ; seconds, 31s to 32a. __ . ' EDINBURGH GRAIN—SEPT. 21. Sales were quick to-day. Wheat on the top 4s Od up... Barley on'the top Os 9d up averag,e Oo la It o . Oats on tlio top 2s down.. .. averago s 0 6 41 " 4d 111 3 . Beans on the top 2s Od up ... .....averago Os Averages per Imperial quarter. Wheat.... Barley 1 14 0 4-12ths Ots Beans Total Supply and Sales. Wheat .... 849 qrs Sold 713 qr" Barley... 3030 qrs Sol d 2362 cgs" Oats .1385 qr 5........ Sold 1 qrs B eans l3l qr 5........ Sold 5 V CORK—SEPT. 22. ..--ite l The following were the quotations this morning_:,..,l6B wheat, 18s Od to 20s 61 ; white, 178 Od to 238 Od; bavv) Od to 15s 6d; oats, 9s Od to lls Od. DERBY SMITHFIELD—SEPT. V. Te ry The supply of fat stock to-day was good, with a i d large attendance of buyers; high prices were ask ed ' ry a clearance was effected. Sheep and lambs was 111 . to large supply, but the demand was flat, and several ' were left unsold. Fat pigs numerous, and well sold. d to 7i Beef Mutton . , . id to 7id Pork ......... ._ perto e • w ,„,. Lamb 7d to 71d Rough fat, 5s 6d Hides, 3id to s;d; calf skins, 6d to 6id. FOREIGN MAIL PACKET L 0 4 0 In the following table E signifies that lett ers are de-. a 4,1, by evenin: mails from London, and M by raornin: DO' " by evenin: mails from London, and 31 oy =v.- - - t Ne% b i l d / i DESTINATIONS. Despatch Port of d , ,e. Australia and Mauritius, via Oct. to of Mails. _ ._______ ___Despatch . .....„/ Southampton Oct. 12, M SouthanlP.. . Oc t. 3 Ditto, via Marseilles Bahamas and Havana via New t 0 Canada, &c. (by Canadn. pckt.) S S e e p p. . 3 2 0 0, York Cape of Good Hope, Ascen- t Oc t 1 mon, and St. Helena China, Penang, and Sin a- Oct. 2 0 pore, via Southampton Ditto, via Marseilles Gibraltar, via Southampton Honduras and Blewfields India (Calcutta) and Ceylon, EF Liverpool. Ss.e.ppt: 0 S Oct . 2 4 via Southampton — Ditto, via Marseilles t 25 India (Bombay), via South- SO ' 0 ampton Sep. 27, M SouthatnP. sot. Ditto, via Marseilles Lisbon, Brazils, Buenos Ayres, and P. Islands Lisbon, Vigo, and Oporto Sep. 27, 31 Southamp• Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via ll SO Southampton — SoutliamP• I t. 1 Ditto, via Marseilles Mexico and Havana Oct. 3, 31 Southall?. ''''' ...- Newfoundland United States and British N. 1 . Sep • t America (by British packet) Sep. 23, E LiTerpoo • Ditto (by U. S. packet) West Coast of Africa, Ma- , . pot. 9 &Ira, and Teneriffe Sep. 23, E Liverpool. West India, California, Vene- ............ Oct 521 zuela, Chill, Peru, Grey town, New Granada, &c. 4- BIRTHS. ..-, n er Lone. —On the 22d inst., at 70, Brook-street, 1101 square, the wife of Harry Lobb, Esq., of a daughter MILLS.—On the 19th init. , at Lamorbey, Kent, the i . ay ' fa Louisa Mills, prematurely, of a son, stillborn. t ile REurrEn.—On the 21st in st., at 19, Finsbury-place, wife of Julius Reuter, Esq., of a son, * of R OBERTSO N—On the 20 th inst., at Blackheath, the Vi l - Dr. Robertson, D.C.L., of a daughter. MARRIAGES. CAVE—ELLIS.On the 21st inst., at St. George's, Ilssilo; over-square John H. Cave, Esq., Commander R.N./ „if of George over-square, Esq., of Hilston-park, J.P. and 1: 14 "111(1 m voco L fena i n e Gni, t u oi jebrtgoe-e_nprrgaawsernekctllE,,H:Mtilloi oos o t n :E m apßrhs o ; tquiEt_;hooisriofhzr Elizabeth, g r bi, e tnh , ge t l o s2yo L t o Hh u ja i Louisa , t y E ao l t l r i k s ss , th i o . n or l ee 0 1 . r e :; ,,, n or . John Barnes, son of . Schroeder, Esq., Peckham. DEATHS sett BARNFS .—On the 22d inst , at 16 New Burlington-str 6, b e th A R AI D a E u N d . Mr. M e r o t i h . f , j, : o o r n s u e l n p y s h n d vi a G i u c ig k ß h -t t a e e rri Tc i fe s .tt : o lc f -her i r : Oxford-street, aged 46. H.kw aged 81. O e dnauthahet2eOrtlaofinthste., firstthe N H , josnee. urtlstttbuelalafsordiaei:: KBNT".—On the 19th inst., at Great Afalvern, o dd so Kenyon, Esq., late Major Bth (King's) Regt., ssebire, of the late Hon. Thos. Kenyon, of Pradoe, Shrops aged 5-I. Mr C. KINCH.—On the 20th inst . , at Henley-on-Thames, nch, aged 45. B e r k s , the 20th inst., at F arle y Court, Ber-sY Rothe - General Morse. NTCIIOI..—On the 1 9 th inst ., at Glenburn House, say, John Pringle Nichol, LL.D. PA, L e i K eu E t ..—_ c O o n i. , p 'th a e cks 2 , ls ag t e i d ns 7 t 3 .,. at Twyfor d g a ll, Norfolic L OND ON : Printed and Published by 14111tDO 11.01J140 of No. 112, Strand, P rinter, at The Su Office, No. 1 1 : 1 Strand, in the Preoino t of the Savoy., in the Middlesex, Friday, September 23, 1859.