The Sun. — London, England, 1859-02-05 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS-(YESTERDA.Y). The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. Viscount DUNGANNON gave notice, that on Tuesday he would ask the Archbishop of Canterbury when the Go vernment intended to introduce a bill for the better regula tion of Glebe-houses ? The Earl of CARLISLE presented a petition from Leeds, in favour of Manhood Suffrage and Parliamentary Reform. Lord CAMPBELL introduced two bills relative to jurisprudence and the law respecting vindictive indict ments for perjury. The bills were severally read a y first time, and ordered to se DEBTOR be read a second time on Friday next. DEBTOR AND CREDITOR. Tho LORD CHANCELLOR gave notice that on Mon day next he should introduce a bill to amend the law of debtor and creditor, and to consolidate the Winding-up Acts. THE ANSWER TO THE ADDRESS. 'The Marquis of EXETER brought t hans wer e of her litajesty to the address voted last night in answer to the Speech from the Throne. The noble lord then read her Majesty's answer, in which her Majesty thanked their lord ships fin. their dutiful address, and informed the house that her Majesty should rely upon their most cordial efforts in furthering the measures that may be brought wider their consideration. THE TAKING OP DELHI. Earl GRANVILLE said he was anxious to make an ex planation of a statement he had made respecting Sir J. Lawrence and the taking of Delhi, by which that distin guished officer felt himself aggrieved. He had stated, as a proof of Lord Canning's firmness at a critical junc ture, that hearing that negotiations were being entered into with the insurgents, he had at once put, a stop to them, notwithstanding they had received the approval of Sir J. Lawrence. It now appeared that the negotiations were not with the insurgents generally, but with the King of Delhi, and that there was an express stipulation that no insur gent was to be dealt with who had taken part in the murder of E ur opeans. He begged further to say that he had not the slightest intention to depreciate the efforts of Sir John Lawrence in order to raise those of Lord Canning FREE IMMIGRATION. Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from the free negroes of Jamaica, complaining of the haste with which a bill had been passed through the house touching the labour of coolies. The Earl of CARNARVON said the bill in question had not yet been received in this country, but as soon as it was, he trusted he should be in a position to give a full an swer to the noble and learned lord. Their lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS—(YEsTERDAY.) The SPFAXER took the chair at four o'clock. PRIVATE BILLS. On the motion of Mr. FITZROY, the following resolu tion was agreed to :—" That the 159th standing order be suspended, and that no private bill be read the first time until Wednesday next." A great number of private bills were brought in. INDIAN FINANCE. Lord STANLEY gave notice that on Monday, the 14th, he should call the attention of the house to the state of Indian finance. BANKRUPT AND INSOLVENT LAW. Lord JOHN RUSSELL gave notice that on the 16th instant, he would bring in a bill to amend the laws relating to bankrupts and insolvents._ _ • THE TOWER OF LONDON. Mr. T. DUNCOMBE gave notice that he would ask a question as to whether the land of the Tower of London could not be applied to better purposes than the present. THE MILITARY AT MALTA. Sir A. AGNEW asked the Secretary of State for War whether a garrison order had been issued at Malta to the effect that all guards and sentries are to pre sent arms to and salute the Host whenever it may pass their respectivei;;;is. Whether her Majesty's Government have sanctioned that order, or were prepared to allow a similar one to be enforced in any British depen dency. Whether Captain Sheffield, of the 21st Royal North British Fusiliers had been placed under arrest for declining, as a Protestant, to comply with this order ? Col. PEEL said that there were no orders with reference to troops stationed at Malta, except those issued by Lord Hill in 1837, of which he had not heard any complaint. PORT AND HARBOUR OF GALWAY. Lord DUNKELLIN asked the First Lord of the Ad miralty whether he had any objection to lay on the table of the house a copy of the instructions given to the com missioners appointed last October, by the Irish Govern ment, to visit and inspect the port and harbour of Galway ; and a copy of the report presented by the commissioners on the condition and wants of the harbour ; and to state what steps, if any, her Majesty's Government have taken, or propose to take, in consequence thereof ? Sir J. PAKINGTON had received a report on the sub ject, and three gentlemen were appointed to inquire into the matter, and would lay it on the table. The report was very favourable to the facilities of the port. MILITIA FORCE. Col. NORTH asked the Secretary for War if there was any truth in the rumour that it was in contemplation by her Majesty's Government to reduce 10,000 of the present embodied militia force ? General PEEL said that would in a great measure de pend on the number of troops that would return from India. PETITIONS. Petitions were presented, praying that means should be adopted to secure the better observance of the Spanish treaty in reference to the slave trade—That the franchise be extended to every male person of 21 years of age—For vote by ballot, mid for Triennial Parliaments. NEW WRIT. - Sir W. JOLIFFE moved fora writ to elect a member for the University of Dublin, in the room of Mr. George Alex. Hamilton, who has accepted the office of Steward of her Majesty's Manor of Northstead. POOR RATES, &c., ASSESSMENT. Mr. WILSON asked the President of the Poor Law Board whether it was his intention to introduce a bill in the present session for the purpose of subjecting properties in the occupation of the Govern ment and other public bodies to assessment for the poor and other local rates, in pursuance of the recom mendation of the committee of the last session ; and, if so, at what time he will be able to lay such bill upon the table? Mr. SOTHERON-ESTCOURT said that the subject had received the attention of the Government during the recess, and that a statement-would be made to the house in reference to it. GROWTH OF COTTON IN INDIA, Mr. HADFIELD drew the attention of the house to the neglect of the facilities that existed in India for the supply of cotton to this country. The manufacturers in this coun try paid £10,000,000 more for that article than its actual value, or the price at which it could be supplied by our dependencies. That neglect was owing to the want of proper roads in India, and the, means necessary for irrigat ing the land. Lord STANLEY—The house, I am sure, will not desire that I should go now into details upon the question of the cotton supply and the progress of public works. I shall have the opportunity of alluding to that subject ten days hence, since it is one which is naturally connected with the question of finance. For the present I will say that I agree with the hon. member both as to the possibility and as to the importance of greatly increasing the supply of cotton from India. (Hear.) It has been estimated that the difference between a good and a scanty supply of cotton in this country is about equal to the difference between a war in come tax and no income tax at all. It is therefore a matter to which no English Minister and no member of this house can be indifferent. I agree with the hon. member also that the most important means which the Government have in their power for the purpose of promoting the cotton supply from India is to facilitate communication between different parts of the country. I believe that if we can supply means of transit from the in terior to the coast it will be found that any other difficulties which may be supposed to be in the way of carrying on the cultivation of the article will rapidly diminish. The Govern ment is fully convinced that, even in the present condition of. Indian finance —and that this condition is very serious I need scarcely tell this house—it is their duty not to discon tinue expenditure on public works. Caution and discrimi nation will be needed ; but if wewere to discontinue all out lay on public works until a deficit should become a surplus, that would not be the way to bring the finances of India into a flourishing condition. Itis a common mistake to pup pose that there has been no expenditure on public works. For a considerable number of years there has been an average expenditure of 12,000,000 on public works. I do not, of course, claim credit for the whole of those works as being of a reproductive character. It is difficult to state ex actly to what extent they are reproductive, but probably I s hould be within the mark if I assumed that of the 52,000,000 a year expended on public works one-half in India pre vious to the outbreak of the mutinyat least was f or works of that c haracter. Durin g t he two years mu tiny there has necessar il y been a diminution ofof the expen diture ; but that diminution has not gone so far as mightbesuPposed, the outlay having amounted to £3,000,000, a grea t portion of wh ich has been expended upon works of a repro ductive characte r. (Hear, hear.) We are at prese n t, perhaps, in a more unfavourable position in one respect--I do not mean in reference to finance—than any former time ; because we are now incurring all expenditure which. belongs to a large system of works undertaken without receiving any portion of that profit which can only begin to arrive when the works shall be completed. I cam e down to-night not prepared to go into this subject, and I speak therefore from recollection ; but I think I may say, in round numbers, that the length of railroad sanctioned in India is 5,000 miles, and that the amount actually under construction is about 3,000 miles, while the quantity finished and opened does not ex ceed 500 miles, We have, therefore, a heavy outlay to bear with a comparatively small return. But lam confident th at when those lines of communication shall be completed the whichtraffic wn increase to such a degree in the districts thro u g h they pass as will soon make them amply remunerative. (Hear.) I shall be prepared to enter more at length into this subj ec t ten days hence. In the meantime, perhaps, I may state th at we a plan whi c h will aye at this moment in contemplation labour at t atly increase the amount of skilled A ia n gle er eri e n la. g ss of public works disposal of the Government. vcorks on which some labour has of b een bestowed is that irrigation. In the course of last autumn the Indian Government for the first time took the step of giving a guarantee, ti as in the case of railways, for carrying on wor k s of irrigation. Considerable difficul tiesthat some of those were anticipated—and I do not negotiations which difficulties may not yet arise—as to t a lT e e o But and those may have to take place between the rhatever those who are to be benefited by the works. difficulties might be, I felt that the experiment hear.) which ought to be tried, and a guarantee of a (l ia ai F oij as s = ling, therefore, was given for that purpose. I can only assure the house that there is no portio r n business of the Indian Administration to which I anoid the members of the present Government attach so much in h k e portance as to that pf pressing on earnestly and expediti ously public works of a reproductive character. (Hear, hear.) Guarantees to the extent of something like £37,000,000 have been given to railroads azd to other coin- panics of that description, and we have felt that in the present state of the money market it was not expedient indefinitely to increase the number of those guarantees ; because between the time when the interest upon under takings of that kind becomes payable and the time at which they bring back any return a considerable interval must elapse. We have thought it, therefore, more desirable to press forward with the utmost speed the works that are already actually in progress than to begin new ones to any great extent and to give fresh guarantees. (Hear, hear.) Mr. BRIGHT—I have listened to the observations of the noble lord with very great pleasure. I think that he has given a very fair answer to the question of my hon. friend the member for Sheffield. But there is one point which has not been referred to which I think bears very importantly upon the question raised. I fully admit the necessity that there is for establishing roads, or railroads, or some means of communication in various parts of India, but I can con ceive it quite possible that the roads should be as good in India as in any part of England and yet that there should be very little improvement in the cultivation of the soil or in the production of the land. We have had a case of this description near home. In no part of the]United Kingdom are the roads better than in Ireland; at the same time we know that from causes of a different character the agriculture of Ireland was about as bad us possible. We may have, therefore, in India any number of roads that English capitalists may like to make, under the guarantee of the Government, and still we may have very poor cultivation and very little production from the soil. I believe, therefore, that unless something be done—in Southern India especially, in the province of Madras — to improve the tenure of land and to give greater security both to the cultivators and to the owners of the soil, little good will result from guarantees to railway companies. (Hear, hear.) I have been very sorry to observe, from private letters and from the public newspapers, that the Govern ment of Madras have been following the example of the Government of Bombay in a manner which I conceive to be little short of official insanity. The Government of Mad ras have issued a commission, called an Enam Commission, for the purpose of ascertaining the titles to land in that province ; but I think that anybody who has been concerned with Indian affairs during the last two years must have observed how complete was the unanimity of opinion with respect to the absolute folly and injustice of a similar commission in Bombay. It has been said, indeed, that this commission in Madras is not exactly the same as that in Bombay. Unfortunately, it has the same name, and I fear that it will produce the same results. If I understand it aright, it is intended to examine into the title deeds and rights of possession of proprietors of land whose rights have not been disputed for half a century ; and the mode in which the inquiry will be carried on—judging fr.m what took place in Bombay—is such that if it were attempted in regard to the property of the landed gentry in England it would change this country in a week from a condition of tranquillity to one of absolute revolt. (Hear, hear.) lam speaking from a statement which has been made to me by a gentleman of very high character, and of great information in India, and I believe that I express the sentiments of most gentlemen in this country who are acquainted with the state of affairs in India. The noble lord in his new Go vernor of Madras has made an appointment which I think is calculated tt gain the confidence of the house and of the friends of India, for I am disposed to think that the gentle man who is going out there is as well qualified, probably, as anybody who could have been chosen for the high office which he is about to fill. (Hear, hear.) At the same time, I don't care what is the character of the man, or how just and pure may be the motives of the noble lord in ap pointing him to that office—if he goes to Madras and is to carry out a system so severe, so relentless, so utterly unjust as has been adopted in Bombay, then, I say, whatevef troubles may happen in Madras, the noble lord and those who are associated with him will be responsible for them. It can't be of the slightest consequence to the Government whether half a score or half a hundred men hold land upon titles which, of whatever nature, have not been questioned for half a century ; but it is very important that that ex pression in the proclamation which appeared to guarantee to the people of India their rights of property should not be merely a statement upon paper, but should be felt to be a truth by all the natives of India. (Hear, hear.) The noble lord, I am sure, will know that I am not making these observations for the purpose of detracting from his merits as the Governor of India in this country. I beg that he will use his own strong sense and just feeling to wards the people of India, and that he will not allow the officialism of that country, the red-tapism, the old-Indianism --so to speak—to over-rule him in a matter of this nature. If he does, I believe that he will have next year, or the year after, to repent that he did not act with regard to India upon the only principle which could be applied to land in this country. I think that the fair thing would have been to appoint a commission, not to inquire into the titles to these estates, but generally into the whole tenure of land in India, as was done with respect to the practice of torture some time ago. If a commis sion were appointed to inquire into the whole question of the tenure of land, especially in the province of Madras, with its population of more than 20,000,000, and in which the land, owing to the mode in which it is held, has no saleable value, and to gain all the information upon that subject which was to be had, I think it very probable that the noble lord might be able to introduce some legis lation which would give to the land, and the industry of the people, and the climate of India a fair chance of pro ducing all that they could produce, and to the manufac turers of this country all the benefits that could result from their connexion with a country capable of producing so abundantly as we know that India can produce. (Hear, hear.) I don't ask for an answer now. I merely throw out these observations as suggestions, and 10 days hence, I hope, we shall hear from the noble lord that a commission will be appointed to inquire into this subject of the tenure of land, which I do not hesitate to say is the first and fore most question to which the noble lord should direct his attention. (Hear.) Lord STANLEY—At the time when the appointment of Sir C. Trevelyan to the Governorship of Madras was determined on, I wrote to Lord Harris to request that he would suspend all operations with regard to the Enam Commission until the arrival of his successor at Madras. The object of the commission is not to disturb the old titles, but, on the contrary, to confirm them, and to give a Par liamentary title to a great mass of property the validity of the title to which is disputed. Colonel SYKES said, there was literally not one man in a hundred in this country who understood the subject alluded to by the honourable member for Birmingham. It was not the right to land, but the right of an individual to pay a Government tax that had to be inquired into. When the subject should be introduced at a future period he should be prepared to discuss it. With regard to the production of cotton in India, the honourable and gal lant gentleman said that it might be produced there to any extent that the manufacturers of Manchester might require. The manufacturers of this country, if they wished to obtain sufficient cotton from India, should make it worth the while of the cultivators in India to produce cotton rather than sugar or indigo, and, as he had frequently told them during the last 20 years, they should send out agents to India to obtain cotton. The imports from India to this country were £23,000,000, while our exports to India were only L 12,000,000 or £13,000,000; and why? Because the people of India did not want our woollens, our hardwares, our stationery or our glass ware. For a long series of years the balance of trade had been paid by us in bullion to India. With regard to public works in India, thve magnificent works were in progress at this moment. First, there was the pier at Madras. Next, there were the works which would this year supply Bombay with water. Bombay had been without water during the last 100 years. (Hear, and laughter.) Lastly, there was a work going on which would complete the line of communication with Central Asia. Then, with regard to roads, hon. gentlemen appeared to be not aware of the fact that during eight months of the year all India was a road. Roads in India were not of so much importance as they were in this country. As soon as tran quillity was restored in India there could be no doubt that the progress which had been interrupted by the mutiny would be resumed. Sir J. ELPHIN ST ONE corroborated the remarks of the hon. and gallant colonel as to the cultivation of cotton in India, and stated that, until better means of conveying cot ton from the interior of India to the coast were provided, it was hopeless to expect the manufacturers of this country to procure much cotton from India, because it had to be dragged by bullocks great distances along the roads, whereby it was much soiled. After a few remarks from Mr. J. EWART, as to the necessity of greater irrigation in India before the supply of cotton could be expected to be much increased, The motion was agreed to. OCCASIONAL FORMS OF PRAYER. Mr. WALPOLE obtained leave to bring in a bill to re peal certain Acts and parts of Acts which relate to the ob servance of the 30th of January and other days. The house then adjourned. PARLIAMENTARY NOTICES. The following notices were given last night in he House of Commons : Lord Stanley—East India—Motion on Indian finance. (Monday, Feb. 14.) Mr. Secretary Walpole—Lunatics—Two bills for amend ing the laws relating to lunatics in county and private asylums. (Monday, Feb. 14.) Lord John Russell—Bankruptcy and Insolvency—Bill to amend the laws relating to bankruptcy and insolvency. (Tuesday, Feb. 15.) Mr. Alcock—Turnpike Tolls and Bridges—That an humble address be presented to her Majesty, praying that she will be graciously pleased to issue a royal commission to inquire into and report as to the best means of abolishing the tolls on the turnpike roads and bridges in England and Wales. (Tuesday, Feb. 15.) Viscount Melgimd—Education—That the annual vote of money for education in Great Britain be henceforth divided into two votes ; ono vote to be taken for England and an other for Scotland. (Thursday, Feb. 17.) Mr. Thomas Duncombe—Tower of London—Address for and whether theestablishmentaitesttogether and h erw at commission to inquire into the expediency of continuing h di e ct l i an on d o s f an th d e p T re o p w e e r4 r • belon • it,jurisdiction t s belonging to cannot, by sale to or otherwise, be converted purposes of greater utility, with advantage to the public service. pu c service. (Friday, F e b . 18.) y' Mr. Attorney-Gen • • era ,—Cnmmal Laws—Bills to consoli date and amend the statutes to relating to the Criminal law of England and Ireland, an d apply the same statutes to both countries. (Friday, Feb. 18.) Mr. Secretary Walpole—Church Rates To call atten tion of the house to certain papers relative to chur hrate s w hich have been laid on the table of the house by her - Ma jesty's command, and to submit a measure t o th e h ouse on that subject. (Friday, Feb. 18.) Mr. Secretary Walpole--Beerhouses, &c.—Bill for the further regulation of beerhouses, and for preventing disor derly conduct in other places of public resort. (Friday, Feb. 18.) Sir Arthur Elton—Church Rates—To mo ve reso l utions with reference to the abolition of church rates. (Early day. Mr. Attorney-General for Ireland—Procedure (Ireland) —Bill to amend the proceduce of the Court of Chancery i n Ireland. (Early day.) Mr. Attorney-General for Ireland—Registry of Deeds (Ireland) —Bill to improve the office of registry of deeds in Ireland. (Early day.) Ireland —Leasing and Mr. Attorney-General for Irel and Im proving Lands (Ireland) —Bill to consolidate and amend the laws relating to powers of leasing and improving lands in Ireland. (Early day.) Mr. Attorney-General for Ireland — Lan dlord and Tenant (Ireland)—Bill to consolidate and amend the laws affecting the relation of landlord and tenant in Ireland. (Early day.) A marriage was celebrated in Leicester, the other day, under rather singular circumstances. The bride was a widow, and the bridgegroom a widower. The son of t he bride act e d as 6, father," and " gave away," his mother, while the daughter of the bridegroom officiated as brideP maide—Statnford Mercury. TILE NAVY. Her Majesty's screw steam transport Perseve rance, Commander E. R. Power, embarks at Ports mouth this day the undermentioned officers and men of the 2d Battalion, 23d Royal Welsh Fusi liers for Malta :—Major Gubbins, Brevet Majors F. Vane and J. Duff; Captain S. C. Millett ; Lieuts. G. Packe and J. K. S. Henderson ; Ensigns S. W. R. Sadler, H. M. Molyneux, G. G. Liddell, and G. Wildes ; Assistant-Surgeon R. W. Berkeley • 344 men, seven soldiers' wives, 12 soldiers' children. Her Majesty's screw steam transport Urgent, Com mander J. W. D. M'Donald, will embark the hevl quarters on the 9th inst. Eighty-one men of the Depot Ist Battalion, Rifle Brigade,. will proceed from Winchester to New castle-upon-Tyne on 'the 9th inst. and join head quarters there. The paddlewheel steamship Hecla, 6, Commander E. D. 0. Aplin, from Ascension, Dec. 30; Sierra Leone. Jan. 11 ; and Teneriffe, Jan. 23, arrived in Plymouth Sound on Thursday afternoon, as reported in The Sun of yesterday. The coast was healthy when she left. The Triton, from Ascension, arrived at Sierra Leone, Jan. 10. The Viper, 4, and Heron, 12, were on the South Coast. The Pluto, 4, had sailed from the South Coast for St. Helena, where she would remain a short time to recruit the health of her crew. In the Bights were the Sharpshooter, 8 ; Hydra, 6 ; and Conflict 8. The Ardent was on her way from the Bights to the South Coast. The Medusa proceeds from Ascension to the Bights. The Conflict relieved the Hecla on the 15th of De cember as senior ship on the southern division. Commodore Chas. Wise was to leave Ascension in the Vesuvius for Sierra Leone on the arrival of the January mail. The Hecla exchanged signals Jan. 20, in lat. 37.23 N., long. 14.9 W., with an English bark showing the third distinguishing pendant 3,240, from Cardiff, steering south-west for Manilla. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's screw steamship Amazon left Teneriffe on January 23 for Mogador. The Hecla experienced strong winds from north to north-west after leaving Teneriffe. She was commissioned in Plymouth, Oct. 22,1855, and has been ever since employed in the suppression of the slave-trade on the coast of Africa. The screw steamship Sanspareil, 70, Capt. Roch fort Maguire, will be paid off at Plymouth on the 15th inst. The officers are enjoined to be careful in returning stores, as through negligence on board other ships recently paid off much damage has occurred. The sailing frigate Pique, 40, Capt. Sir F. W. E. Nicolson, was towed into Hamoaze on Thursday, to be paid off. The paddlewheel steam sloop Virago, 6, Com mander Montagu B. Dunn, steamed alongside the coal depot Lavinia, in Plymouth Sound, on Thurs day. The paddle-wheel steam frigate Leopard, 18, Capt. James F. B. Wainwright, was docked at Keyham, on Thursday. She has no defects. The Windsor Castle, 112, was lashed to the jetty at Devonport on Thursday, in order to try her machinery. The gunboats Spider and Grappler are to be commissioned at Plymouth. It is not improbable that the Howard, being more forward, will take the place of one of them. The troop transport Ramilies sailed again from Plymouth on Thursday for the East Indies. Letters dated Greytown, January 1, have been received at Plymouth from the Caesar, 90, Captain Charles Frederick, which ship, with the Diadem, 32, Capt. W. Moorsom, had been lying outside the harbour, three miles from the shore, from the 11th of Dec., during which time rain had fallen nearly every day, accompanied by a heavy sea. On New Year's-day a report prevailed that Walker had escaped from the States and was coming to Greytown. Her Majesty's iron screw steam storeship Supply, under repairs; on return from the shipment of antiquities, from Halicarnassus, in Boudroun-bay, was yesterday andocked at Woolwich, and reshipped her boilers. The paddlewheel steamvessel Banshee, lately on a surveying commission in the north, wag yesterday docked at Woolwich, to be overhauled and repaired. Her Majesty's screw steam-frigate Curacoa, 31, Capt. T. H. Mason, sailed from Spithead for Ply mouth to embark Lord Lyons and suite on Thurs day evening. At 3 p.m. yesterday, 20 miles off Durlstone Head, she came in contact with the schooner Fleta, of Shoreham, from Shoreham for Cardiff, in ballast. The Fleta received considerable damage ; she arrived at Portsmouth yesterday. Capt. Field, of the Fleta, reports that his vessel was closehauled on the starboard tack, heading south, wind W.S.W. The Curacoa sent a boat to offer assistance if needed, and afterwards proceeded on her voyage to Devonport. Her Majesty's steam-yacht Victoria and Albert, Capt. the Hon. J. Denman, was removed from her harbour moorings at Portsmouth yesterday to the )Steam Basin, to undergo her annual overhaul and renovation. Her Majesty's screw.steam yacht Fairy, having completed the repairs to her hull in No. 1 dock, at Portsmouth, was yesterday at high water removed from the dock, and towed round to the steam basin to receive her boilers and machinery. Her Majesty's screw steam-sloop Swallow, 9, Commander C. L. Waddilove, arrived at Spithead from the Mediterranean yesterday morning. She sailed from Malta Jan. 12, passed Gibraltar on the 20th. On the 19th of Jan., in lat. 3610, long. 2 26, spoke the Josephine,of Shields. On the 20th, in lat. 36 4, long. 56, spoke the brig Asseuro. On the 27th, in lat. 38 11, long 16 3, the barque Chanti cleer. Her supernumeraries were landed by her Majesty's steamer Pigmy,and she afterwards sailed for Chatham to be paid off, Her Majesty's steam transporrDee, Master Com mander T. Pullen, arrived at Portsmouth yesterday from Woolwich, with machinery, &c. rHE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 5, 1859. THE ARMY. The following genera' orders were yesterday issued at head quarters, Woolwich, in reference to promotions and removals ordered to take place in the corps of Royal Artillery : " Her Majesty has been pleased to approve the following promotions viz., Lieutenant-General Alexander Cavalie Mercer, to be Colonel Comman dant, vice Brough, deceased ; Second Captain W. Lambert Yonge, from the supernumerary list, to be Second Captain, vice Dames, placed on the super numerary list. Her Majesty has also been pleased to approve the undermentioned officers of the Royal Artillery receiving from the grant for distinguished services the allowances stated against their names —viz., Major-General R. Hardinge, K.H., £lOO per annum ; Major-General W. C. Anderson, £5O per annum. The grants will commence from the 16th of January, 1859." The following field-batteries of the Royal Artil lery are to be held in readiness to embark for India, according to details which will be published here after, viz., No. 5, Captain C. W. Elgee's, at present at Northampton; M, Major Field's, at Limerick; N, Major Hawkins', at Devonport; Z, Major Mil man's, at Devonport; No. 12, Captain Green's, at Shorncliffe ; It, Major Thompson 's, at Aldershott : U, Captain Pigeon's, at Hilsea; INT.:). 12, Captain Saunders', at Aldershott; No.l, Major Brockley's, at Ballincolig ; 0, Captain Meeking's, at Longford; No. 10, Major Yelverton's, at Leith ; No. 11, Capt. J. L. Elgee's, at Christchurch, The following com• panies are to be held in readiness to take over the equipment, guns, stores, and horses of the above. named companies, and be formed into new field batteries, numbered as under :—Lieutenant-Colonel Morris' Company, 7th battalion, from Sheerness to Northfleet, to form No. 17 battery; Capt. Vernon's Company, 3d battalion, from Alderney to Limerick, to form No. 18 battery; Lieutenant-Colonel Dixon's Company, 9th battalion, at Devonport, to form No. 19 battery ; Captain Woolridge's Company, sth battalion, from Guernsey to Dublin, to form No. 20 battery; Major Clifford's Company, Ist battalion, from Dover to Shorncliffe, to form No. 21 battery ; Captain Travers' Company, 4th battalion, from Portsmouth to Aldershott, to form No 22 battery ; Major Adye's Company; 3d battalion, from Ports mouth to Hilsea, to form No. 23 battery ; Captain Green's Company, Bth battalion, from Portsmouth to Aldershott, to form No. 24 battery ; Major Len nox's Company, Ist battalion, from Guernsey to Ballincolig, to form No. 25 battery; Capt. Forbes's Company, Ist battalion, from Sheerness to Long ford, to form No. 26 battery ; Lieutenant-Colonel D'Aguilar's Company, 6th battalion, from Liver pool to Christchurch, to form No. 28 battery. Col. Wilford, R.A., delivered a lecture on gunnery on Thursday evening last, in the Royal Artillery Regimental School at Woolwich, to 'the non-com missioned officers and gunners of the corps, on which occasion a number of the officers of the gar• rison were present. The lecturer congratulated his hearers on the formation of a regular school of gun nery at Shoeburyness, where a systematic teaching of gunnery would be matured, and said that every company of Artillery should be a school of gunnery under its own officers,while instruction of a higher character was g i v en, and that the strictest attention should be given to every detail of the service. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Holloway's Ointment and Pills, unequalled for the Cure of Scrofula.—For more than half isa century it has be en con t en d e d th a t thi s l oa th some di se ase incurable, though it has been admitted that there are medi cines which may mitigate its severity, and put off the dreadful doom for a time. Such arguments were very true until the discovery of Holloway's admirable Ointment and Pills. These peerless remedies, as it has been incontestably proved, have effected thousands of complete cures of scro , - fula with rapidity and ease. The Pills are composed of vegetable substances of rare virtue, and the Ointment pos sesses powerful healing properties-. They act in unison upon the system, purify the blood, correct the secretions, and eradicate the deadly taint. THE PUBLIC HEALTH. The following is the quarterly return of the Mar riages, Births, and Deaths registered in the divi sions, counties, and districts of England, published by the authority . of the Registrar-General : " General Register-office, Somerset-house, Feb. 1. " This return comprises the births and deaths re gistered by 2,107 registrars in the districts of Eng land during the autumn quarter that ended Dec. 31, 1858 • and the marriages in 12,332 churches or chapels, about 4,043 registered places of worship unconnected with the Established Church, and 630 superintendentregistrar's offices, in the quarter that ended Sept. 30, 1858. - " The returns present an unfavourable aspect of the country. The marriages are below the average; and the deaths in the quarter are much above the average number. On this account, and on account of the increase of population, it has never before happened that so many deaths were registered in any autumn quarter as were registered in the last three months of the year 1858. The birth rate was slightly above the average of the season. " The returns of the year 1858 show an excess of mortality in the six cold months, while the morta lity in spring and summer was below the average. 1858 was an unhealthy year ; and the birth rate was slightly below the average. " MARRIAGES. " 38,628 weddings were celebrated in the quarter that ended Sept. 30; consequently 77,256 persons were married. The numbers were below the num bers of the married in the corresponding quarters of 1857 and 1856. The decrease since 1856 is ob servable in London and in the divisions south of the Thames. The marriages in Lancashire, Yorkshire, and the northern division were nearly stationary; in the Welsh division they decreased. " BiliTHs. " The births of 158,007 children were registered in the quarter that ended on Dec. 31st ; so the births were at the annual rate of 3.198 per cent., or .017 over the average of the quarter, but below the rates of the corresponding quarters of the two previous years. " 655,627 births were registeaed in the year 1858, and the birth-rate was 3.358. " INCREASE OF POPULATION. "As 158,007 births and 118,663 deaths were registePed, the natural increase of the population was 39,344, or 428 souls daily. The probable natural increase of population of the United King dom was 642 daily.* " 7,973, or, allowing for the numbers of undis tinguished origin, about 9,516 English emigrants —lO3 daily—sailed from the chief ports of the United Kingdom in the last three months- of the year 1858; namely, 2,834 to the United States, 6,392 to the Australian colonies, 289 to other places.t " The natural increase of the population of Eng land in the whole year was 205,609, or 563 daily. " 113,972 emigrants sailed from the ports of the United Kingdom in the year 1858. Of the number about 45,736 were of English origin; on an average 125 English men and women left our shores daily. " PRICES, THE WEATHER, AND PAUPERISM. " The funds rose and the prices of wheat con tinned to fall in the year 1858. Wheat was sold at 41s. 9d. a quarter on an average during the last 13 weeks of the year ; and the prices in the 13 corre sponding weeks of 1856 and 1857 were 635. 4d. and 525. The fall was 34 per cent. in two years. Beef, by the carcase was 5 2-Bd., 5d., and 5 2-Bd. per lb. in the same seasons at Leadenhall and Newgate markets; mutton, 5 6-Bd., 5 6-Bd., and 5 4-Bd. The average prices of beef were stationary; but the ave rage prices of the higher qualities fell from 61d. to 64-cl.; the prices of the lower qualities rose from 3.1 d. to 4d. Again, the prices of the best mutton by the carcase was 61. d. at the beginning and the end of the period; but the price of the inferior mutton fell a d. in the pound. Potatoes, which are so impor tant an article of food, were sold at the rate of 1003., 1405., and 87s. 6cl. a ton at the waterside market, Southwark, in the three last quarters' of the years 1856-7-8. Potatoes have been 37 per cent. cheaper than they were in the corresponding weeks of 18'57, and 12 per cent. cheaper than they were in 1856. " The weather in the last quarter was peculiar and had considerable effect on the mortality. The average temperature of the three months at Green wich was 43.2 deg., differing little 4 (0.2 deg.) from the average of the corresponding months of 87 years. But November was very cold ; the mean temperature was 39.6 deg., and on the 24th of No vember the lowest temperature recorded was at many stations below 20 deg.—that is, 12 deg. below the freezing point of water. The mean tempera ture has been lower in only 12 out of 87 Novem bers. October and December were above the average temperature of those months. October and November were dry ; December moist. The fall of rain was deficient in each month ; for the fall was only 3.1 in., and the deficiency in the quarter amounted to 4.5 in. The rainfall was in the four last years: 1855-58 respectively 23.5 in., 21.5 in., 21.4 in., and 11.2 in. The 17.2 in. of rain in 1858 was the lowest rainfall since 1840; in that year the rainfall was 16.4 in. The effect of this deficiency on the wells and the water supply of the people generally must be borne in mind, for when the springs fail stagnant water is sometimes drunk and employed for domestic use., " The Poor Law Board lutS favoured the Regis trar-General with returns which are of great interest, and throw much light on the condition of the people. They require little explanation. We learn from them that on an average during the quarter that ended on December the 31st last 115,751 in-door paupers and 710,004 out-door paupers were relieved under the Poor Law ; or, 826,655 persons in the aggregate were in the re ceipt of relief. The average number of out-door paupers in the last 13 weeks of the years 1856, 1857, and 1858 were 720,009, 736,814, and 710,904. The number in the 13 weeks of the last year is less than the numbers in the corresponding weeks of the two preceding years. In the year 1857 there were on an average 4.49 in-door and outdoor paupers to 100 of the population ' • in 1858 the proportion was nearly the same (4.51). The average numbers, after corrections for places making no returns, were 869,027 and 882,498. The first quarter of 1858 was a season of evident distress, and the paupers then receiving relief amounted on a weekly average to nearly a million (974,017). The distress continued in spring, but diminished as summer advanced. "England thus, under her system of Poor Laws, bestows on one in 22 of her population, taking one day with another, relief. to the extent of about 4d. a-day, making in the aggregate about £6,000,000 a-year. This is perhaps not more than 2 per cent. on the income of all classes. " Some foreign writers occasionally speak of England as a country eaten up' by pauperism ; they do not seem to be aware of the fact that in other countries—as in Ireland formerly—the ab sence of a legally ordained system of relief implies aggravation, and not absence of distress. It would be equally correct to look upon England as a coun try of wealthy ratepayers overflowing with Chris tian charity. " STATE OF THE PITBLIC HEALTH. " 118,663 deaths were registered in the three months that ended on Dec. 31. After correcting for increase of population, this implies that the mortality was at the annual rate of 2.402 per cent. .r in town districts or a T t h h e e r m m o o r t r a e t h y a n o f 2 t 4 h in e q l u , a o r o t o e was at the rate of 28 in 1,000 living ; in the dis tricts of the country, of villages, and of small towns the mortality was at the rate of 21 in 1,000 living. Upon taking the four quarters, of which the returns are now complete, the result is that the deaths of 450,018 persons were registered in the year 1858, and the annual mortality was at the rate of 23 in 1,000 ; in the large town districts the annual rate was 25 or more ; in the other districts 21 in 1,000 died. • " The population of England is only enumerated every 10 years, and the difficulty arising from our ignorance of the exact population of the several parts of the country is now sensibly felt. It is nearly eight years since the census was taken ; and the growth of the population of the whole country has undergone considerable fluctuations during this importaneperiod. Particular towns are necessarily exposed to greater fluctuations than the whole kingdom; as they arepeopled partly by indigenous inhabitants and partly. by emigrants from the coun try. If we assume that the town population, which in the aggregate, amounted to 8,247,017 in 1851, increased at the rate which prevailed in the previous 10 years (1841-51) up to 1858, the numbers would amount in the middle of that year to 9,471,204; and the mortality in the year would be at the rate of 25 in 1,000. This may be taken as an under-esti mate of the mortality of the towns ; as 21 in 1,000 is rather an over-estimate of the mortality in the country. " The population of England and Wales in the middleof 1858 probably did not exceed 19,576,9501; and, at the rates of comparatively healthy districts, the deaths in the year should not have exceeded 349,398 ; the actual deaths amounted to 450,018, and the excess of 100,620 deaths is due chiefly to The Scotch returns have not yet been received. Irish births and deaths are not registered. The excess of births over deaths in England and Wales is raised 50 per cent., to represent approximately the excess in the United Kingdom. t From a return which the Registrar-General has been favoured by the Emigration Commissioners, the number re turned as of English origin was 7,973, while the birthplace of 3,360 was not distinguished. In the above statement a proportional number of these have been added to those re turned as of English origin. T. This result is obtai ne d by assuming that the popula tion has increased in the towns and in the country at the same rates since 1851 as in the 10 previous years (1841-51); by taking the excess of births registered over deaths in the whole country the population is 192523,000. the fatal neglect of the sanitary arrangements which are required in every district, and are indis pensable in densely-peopled cities. These 100,620 deaths may be called unnatural deaths, of which about 69,730 happened in the large town districts, and 30,890 in the rest of the kingdom. This is a sad reckoning, but it is an under-statement of the facts.* " The Lords of Her Majesty's Privy Council, having under the Public Health Act the power to institute local sanitary inquiries, the registrars of every sub-district in the kingdom have been re quested to give immediate information of any reigning epidemic, and to insert in their notes nu merical statements of the deaths from certain lead ing zymotic diseases. After some revision their returns have been printed in the form of notes (pp. 30-48), suggesting inquiries which will no doubt be zealously prosecuted by Mr. Simon the able health officer of the Board. "It will be observed that different diseases have prevailed in different localities, each group of popu lation all over the country suffering more or less from its local disease, or enjoying unusual exemp tion. The excess of the mortality is most frequently referred to scarlatina and to the epidemic of diph theria, which began on the southern coast, and has during the year spread over the North Midland and the northern counties. Some districts exhibit no increase of mortality. Thus in North Devon, among 105,692 people, only 465 deaths took place in three months, and the mortality was at the annual rate of only 18 in 1,000. In the 63 healthy districts the mortality of the quarter was at the rate of 19 in 1,000 annually. In Glendale 39 in 14,348 people died in the quarter, and the morta lity was generally low in the surrounding districts of Northumberland. The Morpeth district is an exception, or rather the Bedlington sub-district of Morpeth ; for there 96 of the deaths occurred, leav ing only 40 as the deaths in Morpeth itself. In Bedlington 15 persons died of fever ; diarrhcea, bronchitis, and diphtheria prevailed. The mortality in Bedlington progressively rose from 23 in I,ooo' in the year 1856 to 27 to 1,000 in 1857, and to 35 in 1,000 in the year 1858, according to the calculation of Mr. Woodman, the clerk to the Board of Health. From this it appears,' he adds, that at Bedlington the death-rate is steadily increasing year by year ; that the poison from filth and cesspools, and the want of water, are increasing, and producing their ' certain results.' Bedlington neglects sanitary mea sures, and sits tranquilly over its cesspools, which send up disease among the inhabitants. Morpeth has main sewers as well as a water supply ; fever has nearly disappeared, and cholera has been averted, although yet much remains to be done to complete the sanitary defences of the place. " The mortality in many of the towns has been excessively high, and this has been notably the case in Brighton, Reading, Windsor, Great Yarmouth, Melksham, Exeter, Plymouth, and the other towns of South Devon ; Bath and the towns of Somerset shire ; Bristol, Gloucester, and Cheltenham ; New castle-under-Lyne and the Pottery Districts ; Wolverhampton and Dudley ; Birmingham and Stratford-upon-Avon ; Leicester, Lincoln, Notting ham, and Derby; Liverpool, Manchester, and the manufacturing towns of Lancashire ; Halifax, Bradford, and Leeds. In Sheffield 1,021 persons died in 92 days, out of a population amount ing in 1851 to 103,626. Certain sanitary works have been carried out in Lancaster, and only 178 persons died there in the same time, out of a population of 34,660. Multiplying the deaths and the population of Lancaster by three, it is seen that the deaths were in the proportion of 534 to 103,980, while in Sheffield the deaths were 1,021 to 103,626. Can nothing be done to render the sanitary arrange ments of Sheffield at least as satisfactory as those of Lancaster ? "Upon examining all the facts, it is evident that the excessive mortality of the year 1858 may be traced, partly to the pressure in the early part of the year on the poor in the manufacturing districts, partly to the extreme cold of November, partly to defective supplies of pure water, and partly to the prevalence of the epidemic of diphtheria. " We must not shut our eyes to the fact that one great nuisance perpetually increases as the popula tion increases, and that no effectual provision has yet been made for getting rid of it from human dwell ings. It is referred to several times in the notes of the registrars in towns which have been most heavily afflicted. To take one instance—the deaths (386) exceeded the births (375) in St. Peter's, Brighton; the registrar enumerates the prevailing zymotic diseases, and then observes : " The inhabitants of this sub-district are chiefly artisans, mechanics, and the labouring poor. In many of their dwellings a very insufficient supply of water has been available to them, owing to the dryness of the weather in the first portion of the quarter, the water in the wells in use having been very low. There is no effectual drainage attached to their dwellings, and the cesspool system is in general use.' " Our towns have not had the advantage rally of being led by such enlightened and energetic - - men - as the late Deal of Ely, and have consequently, notwithstanding some efforts, left the greatest nui sance of all still subsisting. Yet the removal of this nuisance is the one thing needful; in sanitary reform it is the root of the raftter.! "Liebig, the great agricultural chemist of Europe, has recently reminded us of English guano a sub stitute for foreign supplies. lam firmly of opinion,' he says, 'that if England wishes to remain an agri cultural country she must use as manure the night soil and similar residues produced, in large cities.' NOw England is a great agricultural country, and she will remain a great agricultural country to the end of time. And before the supplies of Peruvian guano fail in our imports, she must bring the article which may be called English guano into the field. It is poison alike in the cesspool of large cities and in the middens of cottages in the country ; it is manure in the soil. The land requires it ; the houses must get rid of it. " Byron, to justify his plain speaking, quotes a sentence from Voltaire : La pudeur s'est enfuite des cceurs, et s'est refugiee sur les levres.' Without pleading guilty to this charge, it must be admi,tted that while the cesspool nuisance has been in creasing every year in all the cities of Europe, from St. Petersburg to Paris, from Vienna and Venice to London and Liverpool, it suggests ideas so disagreeable that it is rarely mentioned. The time has, however, come when the thing must be met. It cannot be evaded. Scientific research has traced the propagation of typhoid fever to this source. It is the great nidus of the cholera poison. The very aggravated disease, diphtheria, which in fests this country, first assumed the epidemic form in France. And every traveller knows that if the perfumery of France is exquisite; if her cuisine is the despair of English gourmands, if her arts arc admirable, if her society is charming, her cabi nets are everywhere detestable. They give an Englishman literally mal ala gorge. And French guano was apparently the slime on which the diphtheria—whether it is a new or old form of disease—whether it is a parasitic or a simple zy motic malady—assumed its epidemic character. In England it has unhappily found a congenial home; and all over the continent it spreads under still more favourable conditions. In Munich, whence Liebig warns England of her danger, adorned as as the Bavarian capital is with a Glyptothek, a Pinacothek, and other wonders of Bavarian art, delicate ladies are persecuted in the hotels by am moniacal emanations. " Science has demonstrated that fermenting human extrement is a poison in and near human dwellings ; and chemistry has shown that the same elements in other states become grasses, grain, fruits, and flowers, by the natural magic of the earth. Why, then, it may be asked, have none of the enlightened despotisms of the continent emptied the cesspools of their subjects by absolute decrees ? Why have they not conferred this boon on' the na tive agriculture which they so assiduously protect ? Neither want of knowledge, nor probably of good will, has paralysed administrative action, but rather want of power. Despotism is only almighty in its powers of doing mischief. It can set the world in flames, it can shed torrents of blood, but it cannot regenerate nations. It cannot purify the people it has subjugated; otherwise a few lines in the first Code Napoleon might have abolished French cess pools, and have directed the French guano to be deposited every day in the French soil, and by such a law have conferred more benefit on France than she derives from 9-10ths of the articles in that famous digest. " Ancient legislation did not shrink from plainly dealing with the most indelicate matters where human life was at stake, and where the physical purity of mankind was concerned. Thus in 'the laws which we have been taught were delivered by Divine inspiration the following passage is found.: Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad : And thou shalt have• a paddle upon thy weapon ; and it shall be, cu»zque sederis thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee : For the Lord thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee and to give up thine enemies before thee ; therefore shall thy camp be holy : that He see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee. (Deuteronomy, xxiii., 12th, 13th, 14th.) "This is, mutatis mutandis, the true sanitary theory ; all these matters, all dung, and all dirt, must be immediately placed under the soil, which is the best of all disinfectants ; and modern inven- * If the ages and the mortality of the population of Eng land had b een th e same as the ages and the mortals of the 63 healthy di s t r i c t s , th e annua l deat h- rate o f England would not exceed 17.85 in 1,600 living. By applying this rate to the population of town and country the above num bers are obtained. tion can readily find the mechanism for effecting the purpose, in ways involving less than the Mosaic labour, and quite inoffensive to the refined sensi bility of modern civilisation. The air of our cities will then be sweet ; our rivers will flow unpolluted; the foliage of trees and delicate odours of flowers will caress the senses in the country, in the cottage, and in the mansion. " In England, one of the most free countries of the world, this might perhaps be immediately effected, with the consent of the people, expressed by their representatives, in an enactment somewhat to this effect Seeing that English guano is a fertilising manure in the soil, and is a loathsome, shameful, and poisonous nuisance in or near dwelling-houses, be it enacted, that the retention of any such manure in cesspools, in privies, in middens, or in any other form whatsoever, in or near a dwelling-house, shall .render the owner or occupier of the place in which - it is found liable to a fine not exceeding shillings a day.' If the municipal and parish authorities have the necessary powers to facilitate the working of the measure intrusted to the police for execution, it would speedily effect a revolution in the sanitary condition of England. " ' For the Lord thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp,'—thy cities and thy fields,—' therefore shall thy camp be holy : that He see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee ;' nor be hold again 100,000 of thy children perish ...in any year to come for national violations of His laws." POLICE INTELLIGENCE, Feb. 4. LAMBETH.—THE CASE OF JANE NEWELL, THE BALLET DANCER.--A respectable tradesman in Regent-street attended before the Hon. G. C. Nor ton, with Jane Newell and her mother, and requested permission to make a short statement respecting the young woman and her mother. His request having been complied with, the applicant said, that at the earnest solicitation of a number of gentle• men, customers of his, and who humanely felt for the unfortunate position in which the young woman Jane Newell was placed, after the unfortu nate expose of her conduct on 'her examination at this court, and the temptations to which she was exposed, he (the applicant) had interested himself in her behalf, as well as that of her unfortunate mother. On first visiting them at their lodgings, 21, Stangate-street, Westminster-road, he found them in a wretched condition, with scarcely a bit of furniture in the place, and that which they called a bed did not deserve the name, but consisted of a bundle of rags, and he felt it necessary at once to apply a sum of money which the benevolent gen tlemen, on whose behalf he was acting, and who had placed it at his disposal—or he should. say a part of it—to their immediate wants. He (the ap plicant) thought it but proper to mention that these sufferings were endured amidst a number of the most liberal but dishonourable offers made to Miss Newell for her society, and to her mother for her consent, but all such offers were treated with con tempt, and no less than 37 letters containing them were thrown into the fire. This circumstance was to him (the applicant) an indication of reformation, and finding that as high a sum as £lO had been offered by persons for her consent to meet certain parties, and that such offers were treated with contempt, while 10s. received in charity would have been a perfect godsend, determined him in his course ; and, having relieved them, he requested that all future letters that came might be forwarded unopened to him. This was done, and he then held in his hand as many as 20, of a very miscellaneous and singular character. These letters, as his worship would perceive, con tained all sorts of offers, the majority of them of a dishonourable character but one, as his worship would perceive, contained a promise of marriage, but the gallant candidate for matrimony seemed to change his mind on account of the prevarication of Miss Newell in her evidence, and there was an end to that. Finding a perfect desire on the part of Miss Newell to obtain her livelihood by a course of honest industry, and not by immorality and lazi ness, he (applicant) had determined on testing her sincerity, and to do this had caused a number of ladies to call on her and her mother, and the ac counts which he received from them were most satis factory, so much so that, with her consent, he had determined to bind her to a business, by which she could in a short time,procure a good hying. The applicant here handed to the magistrate the bundle of letters he referred to for his worship's perusal, and the following are selected as moderate speci mens : " A gentleman who saw Miss Newell in the court on Tuesday, and 'who admires her very much, would like to meet her in any place she will name. If Miss N. can stop out all night a few pounds will be quite at her service. The writer will call at the post-office in Churton-street, Pimlico, for an,answer to-morrow. Address, C. M., Post office, hurton.-street, Pimlico.—Jan. 19, 1859." - _ " Essex Jan. 23, 1859. "Miss Jane,—Your unfortunate case h'as met with a cha ritable feeling with some young,people, who have placed a few shillings in my hands for your use. I have not time to call at your house to-day; if you will meet me at the Royal Exchange this day (Monday), at 11 o'clock, I shall be happy to give it you. If you have your handkerchief in your hand, I shall be able to know you.—l am your well wisher, " Wm. THOMAS." The following is from Mrs. Ellis, the woman to whose brothel Jane Newell had been taken by Smith, the proprietor of the Adelaide Gallery : " Miss Newell,—After the ruin you have brought upon me by the lies you told, I am obliged to remove in a few days to Belgrave-square, at great expense, and you will, I hope, to save another police case, return my clothes by the bearer or send them by your mother, the poor woman you have so much degraded. " MRS. ELLIS. " 6, Somerset-terrace, St. George's-road, Pimlico." Mr. Norton—Belgrave-square, indeed ! Why, she will be a neighbour of mine. (Laughter.) The applicant here informed the magistrate that amongst the persons by whom Miss Newell was importuned was the Mr. Smith, of the Adelaide Gallery, whose presence in court on the investiga tion of the case drew such a just reproof from his worship. Waghorn, one of the summoning officers, said that from the inquiries he tad made, he had ascertained that the young woman and her mother had con ducted themselves properly from the investigation up to the present time. From the number of gentle men calling at their house—some of them in their carriages—they were obliged to leave their residence in Stangate-street, change their names, and go and live elsewhere, so that he had some difficulty in finding them out. Mr. Norton thought that looked well and in a reformatory direction. The applicant agreed in this opinion, and said it was his impression that Miss Newell was perfectly sincere in her determination to get her living by a moral and industrious course, and that her mother had not been aware, up to the time of her leaving her home, that her daughter had been guilty of any impropriety of conduct. Mr. Norton said there were some circumstances in the case which led to that belief, yet the contra dictions between her statements and those of her daughter were very suspicious. A person who had known Mrs. Newell for some years gave her an excellent character; and it was ultimately arranged that the daughter should be put to the business mentioned ; that £5 out of £7 subscribed, and left to be appropriated as his wor ship thought fit, should be appropriated to her use, and, together with a sum at the gentleman's dis posal who was the applicant, paid to her in weekly sums, and that the remaining £2 be paid over to the mother. Mr. Norton complimented the applicant for his extremely kind and humane interference in the case, and observed that there was a good result from the case, and that was, a more liberal scale of remuneration to the class of persons to whom the young woman belonged bythe proprietors of theatres. The miserable pittance given to those young people was not enough to support them, and they were driven by necessity to fall into the temptations held out to them. He felt, however, bound to say that there was one excellent exception to the reprehen sible practice in the person of Mr. Charles Kean. The appliCant observed that there was another evil encouraged at the theatres, and that was, ad mitting persons called gentlemen behind the scenes, as the consequence was that not a single female could go on or come off the stage without being insulted. Here the matter dropped. LOCAL SHARE MARKETS. LIVERPOOL-FEB. 4. The market was quiet most of the day, and prices about stationary. Berwicks, 93 931—Leeds Northern, 48 48i — Eastern Counti es , 121 7-16-Midland, 102/ —Chester and Holyheads, 43 *—Caledonians, 851 54 --Lancashire and Yorkshire, 96—London and North-Westerns, 95/ / East Lancashire 95 si—Dutch Rhenish, 5/ 5 dis.— Grand Trunk of Canada, 8 5-16--Great Western, 561 Great Western of Canada, 16/ 161----Dovers 22 1-16 —North British, 621—York and North Midland, 771 8. • BIRMINGHAM—FEB. 4. This market was doing more business in railway shares than of late, but quotations generally were lower. The transactions to-day were as follows .—London and North- Westerns were dealt in at 95—Birmingham Banking Co.'s shares at 27I —Midlands closed at 101 I—and Great Wes terns at 55k. MANCIIESTEi-FEB. 4. 951—Dovers, 22 1-16—Ea s t ern C ounties, There was not much business doing, and p r i ces a shade 95F-Grand Tru n k s , 8- 4—North Lancashire, 1 1 o 2 w i_ er. Ea. L st eeds, Western Pref., 14 15-16—Sheffields, 3 7—Londons, 941-- Midl an d, untl SCOTCH TURNPIKE .tRUSTS.—A blue-book, pub lished recently, by order of Parliament, shows that tho gross total income of the Scotch turnpike trusts in the year ended Whitsunday, 1856, amounted to £255,537, and the total expenditure to £252,817; the total debits were £2,377,846, and the total countervailing assets £149,298. Fuss.—The idle mau's business.—,Punch. EXTRAORDINARY MATCH AGAINST TIME IN CALIFORNIA. Early in March last a match was made between certain parties in this city, of whom the celebrated rider Jack Powers was one, that he would mak e 150 miles over the Union Course in eight consecu tive hours. The stakes were 2,000 dollars a side, 1,000 dollars forfeit. A great deal might be said as to the relative merits of this feat, which is un precedented in the annals of the Turf. In brief,. this is summed as follows :—That the distance or 250 miles in 10 consecutive hours is said to have been done by the English jockey, Mr. Spoiling' ford, and that Mr. Osbaldistone has certainly se ' complished 250 miles in 10 hours. It should b.o remembered, however, that these feats were effect ed with the best blooded stock of England, wherfa s that of Mr. Powers is by the native mustang stook of California, not crossed with any other bree: Thus, had the whole eight hours been occupied. lll , this race, there could have been no comparison with the above instances,.as the animals used were en tirely dissimilar in breed and reputation. 131 ! when we take into consideration the fact that this distance was accomplished in 6 hours 43 minutes, -. all comparison ceases; and the fact stands ni l " rivalled in the sporting Calendar. The ra.c e ' which has been the great theme of conversation during g the past ten days, took place, as a ,, 0 vertised, over the Union Course. About persons collected, and all arrangements having be e L completed, Powers got off at nine o'clock. He easily, and with his body bent forward, after. tP ts e t manner of a Californian " vaquera." His wr el is about 150 pounds, and that of the saddle and accoutrements about 40 more. . The saddles ,lls e were of the Californian make, tapadillas, mach lll l &c. He used 24 . horsei in the race, most of wi ll % belonged to himself. The first few miles were don with horses tendered him by various rancher°4 who were anxious to have their horses perfear part of the play. These, of courses sp erm the most splendid animals the country could produce. A great number of native Califor nians mans were on the ground, who •Inn ul e fested the greatest pride in the triumph of California stock. The first 60 miles were done 1 1; 2 hours and 30 minutes. Powers dismounted 74 ' times during the match. The furthest any °, ll „ ° horse was ridden at a time was four miles, and ' l. " least distance one mile. He ran at top speed tb_ i : whole distance. On taking a new horse he vfnfil spring from the saddle, run a few steps to strew f his legs, and immediately vault into the sadd le °, the animal which awaited him. Attcndall': sometimes made the rounds with him, teed el t ing him drink and 'receiving his orders. Abt the 130th mile a little " shenaingan" perpetrated for the benefit of those beg in the curtain. Powers up to that time had ridden without difficulty, and sat in his sad dle like a monument. He now began to spit bl oo and was taken with a sudden weakness in h. . 1 ,. 1 abdomen, which seemed to communicate itself sYli t the legs. Doubters now began to bet agallis... Powers, which was all that asv desired, and COas l a derable sums were put up by those who the game as over. The only blood-vessel which considers 9 ruptured was a small sheep's bladder, which t.t, filled with the sanguinary fluid ! ! The entire dl 9 tance (150 miles) was accomplished in six 110 ' and forty-three minutes, the rider coming in P e o r, fectly fresh, and making an extra mile in t;: if minutes and twenty-eight seconds, to display hp condition. Tremendous cheers were given 0 ,5 . 4 mounted the judge's stand and addressed the th r lf who pressed around to hear him. He pa bile o offered to bet 5,000 dollars that he would ride l a miles in two hours ; and another, that he W e b, accomplish the 150 miles in five hours with Ellg i t se , or American stock, to which there was no respon. oo The average time of the race is within a fra eti to of 23 miles an hour. Powers does not hesitate , le assert that he can make much better time tha n '„t above. He is a spare•built man, with full sunbll4o face, heavy hair and whiskers, and a keen eye. ~ : pa party with whom Powers is associated reanksile 10,000 dollars by the transaction. Patrons of ~'„v . Turf count this as the greatest race of the kiln` record.— Californian paper. COUNTRY MARKETS. —FEB. 4. at We had only a LIVERPOOL small attendance of millers and dealers ti; our corn exchange this morning, and the demand for b°,,, wheat and flour was quite on a retail scale, without, V ir ever, any alteration in value. Indian corn had a fair o d quiry, and mixed and yellow descriptions advanced lk,ht. white 2d per centv..l on the quotations of this day se'Tllr , ,, l o Oats and oatmeal steady at previous rates. Egyptian be' the turn dearer. _Peas and barley without alteration. WAKEFIELD---F '. 4. al' There was but is slow demand for EB 4.1 , wheat, and ...-_,.,° s prices werA nnmintally the sama as last week there vl e y difficulty in obtaining them. The finer qualities of O r , were rather dearer.. Beans were also dearer. ti:verages for the week : Wheat ..2,019 qrs., at 40s Sid 8ar1ey......... 204 „ 34s 54d Oats ..... 27 ........s Od —s Od Beans Peas ...... -- ” — s Od MXETER—FEB• 4. An average atteskdance. Many of . the samples were out of condition, and no improvement in prices. 1 0 Wheat, white.. 5s &d to 5s 4d Barley. 3s 9d f. ,0 ,-;: gcl I Ditto red 5s 10d to 58 3d Oats ..... .... 2s 6cl te i'" Flour, fine, 29s to 30s ; seconds, 288 t o 29 s per saew• elf CATTLE—The market was poorly su ppli e d with s 4 t ( i e r but a good attend ance of farmers. Pork carcases a.° able supply. oa Fat beef,p score,9sekl to 10s6d Ewes, per lb .... 6d ';, Oa Pork carca,ses, do 7s.ed to 8s Od Wethers , „ d 0.... . . Old : - 74 . Lambs, per 1b..... ..0d to Od Fat calves, d0....6id I°. Rough fat, 44d per lb. BRIVTOL SUGAR-FEB. 4 14 In West India des cr ipti ons th e transactions no S hu t I, btit limited this week, on account of the poor assortment ; 8,000 mats M aur iti us and 1,600 boxes yellow ID v ilio nahs have been disposed of at prices barely supporting a d previous currency. The refined market continues flat,, a ve to effect sales of i r avortance rather lower prices woultL'a to be submitted to_ Rum steady, but the demand is scar e d, so active as of late ; prices, however, are firmly supped COAL MARE (Prices of Coal per Ton at .ET—FEB. 4. ' the close of the market.) Walls End. s. d. Hastings Hart ..14 6 Haswell Gas ,_ 13 0 Byass's Bebside West Hartley ....14 9 Walker Primrose l2 6 Tanfield Moor Thu tes 12 0 Middle's West H...-artleyl4 9 Holywell Wylam Bell's Primrose l2 6 Davison's West E.:art- 0 ' 0 . Hetton .. 1 1 9 0 0 Tees . . ......... .16 6 Heugh ......... , 4 Whitworth .......... 4 1/ - Nixon's Merthyr. •• •• Powell'sDufrryn Stearn- 1 6; Byron l 6g 0 Riddell .... . i v Eden.. Northumberland. .... 9 North Hartlepool... ••. 16 5 South Hartlepool. .... • 0 0 Kelloe West Kelloe . .1 5 Framwellgate ........ . 1 6 1 9 Denison Braddyll's Hetton .... r o o s Trimdon. ThornleY• •'. 16 9 Benson.. , .... • .... 1 9 Hartlepool. l7 Haswell ....... 27—Sold, 102. ley . 14 9 Lambert's West Hart- ley . 14 9 Walls Encl. Acorn Close 0 Russell's Hett0n......16 9 Cassop ......16 9 Carway and: Duff ry - n Malting C0a1........21 6 West Hett0n..........16 9 Ships at market, Y' DESTRUCTION OF A RAILWAY STATION BY •I' 1 : 0 0 —On Sunday eve:n.ing, about 11 o'clock, the goods 009 at Keith, on the G reat North of Scotland Railway, ~,p• discovered to be m i fire, and before assistance could b e . `,tl , dered the whole building was burned to the greund•oi large quantity of goods, including two barrels of nall. o oo as also the account books, were destroyed. 1 7.3 ,..":. rumours are abroad respecting the origin of the 111-- Banbury Guardian. • BIRTHS. BAKER.—On the. 2d inst., at Hammersmith, the wife Of Baker, Esq., of a daughter. ELLIsoN.---On five 3d inst., at 46, Milner square, ton, the wife of Thomas Ellison, Esq., barrister-at''' ' of a son and dimghter. of FLEMING.—On the 4th inst., at Crouch-end, the '''-j e f Mr. B. Fleming, of 12, Well-street, Cripplegate, daughter. KELLY.—On the 4th inst., in Dover-street, Lady xi' . the wife of tile Attorney-General of a daughter. NISBET.—On ithe 3d inst., at 50, Oxford-terrace,An park, the wif sof ThomasNi s b e t, E sq ., C ap t . I s t (1 `g Dragoon Gua6rds, of a son. MARRIAGES. „ 11 . 0 HORNS—CLEAVELAND.—On the 3d i ns t ., at the Pr:o church of Lyinington, Colo ne l Arthur Horne, 13th Ito Infantry, second son of Sir Win. Horne, to Emma ,„, a " d Dicker, daughter of th e l a t e Li eut.-Colonel Cleavem- Madras N.I. ROWE—WATSON.—On the 3d inst. at at St. Pancras On" - the Rev. John, Rowe, M.A., of . Trinity College, Esq,' bridge, to Harriet, third daughter of Thos. Watson, of Fitzroy-square. DEATHS. ANNESLEY.—On the 2d inst., at Cheltenham, Charle s nesley, Es q ., M . D. , late Surgeon Royal Scots Orel"' aged 75. TA O BUHKE.—On the 27th ult., at Dublin, the Dowager roe Burke, widow of Colonel Sir John surke, Bart., al ly ' daughter of the late Right Hon. John Calcraft. BURTON.—On the 4th inst., at his residence, 25, Glon_r o i 4 ter-place, Portman-square, Thomas Stackhouso B Esq. ELLIS.—On the 3d inst., at Cheltenham, Major Ellis, of the 18th Hussars. GOSBELL.—On the 3d inst., at South Heaney, Ebea ° Goebel', Esq., aged 67. HENDERSON.—On the 3d inst., at Edinburgh, Win. •'- Henderson, Esq., W.S. NASH.—On the 2d inst., at Francis-terrace, Kentish -t° l Thomas Nash, Esq., late of the Admiralty, aged 71. LONDON : Printed and Published by MUILDO YOU " ; of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Su n Off i ce, of Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in tho Middlesex, Saturda,,T,,., February 5, 1859.