The Sun. — London, England, 1859-11-10 00:00:00

ROYAL E GLISH OPERA, COVENT-GA RD EN. Under the manazernent of Miss L. Fyne and Mr. W. Harrison THIS EVENING will be performed SATANELLA. Messrs. W. Ilan icon. F antley, G. Honey, 11. Corti, St. Albyn, Miss Cruise, Pilling, and Louisa Pyne. Conductor, Alfred Mellon. Ballet, LA FIANCE. Messrs. W. H. Payne, H. Payne, F. Payne, Mdlle. Lequine, Pasquale, Pierron, Mons. Vandris. Doors open at halt-past 7—Commence at 8 o'clock. THEATItE-EtUYAL, HA YNIAlia ET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS ETENINO the performances will commence with THE CONTESTED ELECTION. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews, Mr. Buckstone, &c. Followed by MY WIFE'S DAUGHTER. After which, OUT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND. Mr. C. Mathews. And JACK'S RETURN FROM CANTON. Commence at 7. RO YAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. — Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with anew drama, entitled THE MASTER PASSI4 )N. Messrs. Ryder, G. Ntelyille, Graham, H. Cathcart, Garden ; Miss C. Lec . ercq and Mrs. Charles Young. After which, PUSS ; or, Metempysychosis. Miss L. Keeley. To be followed by a dramatic tableau in Watteau colours, by J. R. Manche, Esq., entitled LOVE AND FORTUNE. IN."V THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHL Sole Proprietor qnd Mq.natrer, Mr. Tient WebAter. TFIIS EVENING (first time) TFIE DEAD HEART. Mr. B. Webster. J. L. Toole, David Fisher, Paul Bedford. Stuart, Billimr,ton, C. J. Smith, Eburue, Moreland; Miss Woolgar, and Miss E. Kelly. Followed by (fourth time) a piece of extrayatzance, 'called DINORAFI UNDER DIFFICULTIES. Messrs. .J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, C. J. Smith, Ebtirne, and Miss K. Kelly. Doors open at half-past six—Commence st seven. Box- O'hce open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats, nor for bills of performance. All fees to servants of this establishment are strictly prohibited. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. The nearest The are to Chelsea, Pimlico, and West minster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passen gers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING - , a new Comedy, LONDON PRIDE ; or, I lying for _Appearances. Messrs. Leigh Murray, Barrett, Charles Young ; Mescla;r es Frank Matthews, Murray, and Rielly More. Followed by 3IAGIC TOYS, support 2d by Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Clara St. Casse, and a numerous Corps de Ballet. • _ _ _ _ _ To ecnclrde with the New and Original Burlesque, by L. Buckingham, Esq., of VIRGINILTS ; or the Trials of a Fond Papa. Reduced Prices—Gallery, M ; Pit, Is. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six ; perform ante commences at 7. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Westminster-road. Sole Lessee Mr. William Cooke. Every Night the sueee, - -sful Dr,.ma, by Tom Taylor, Esq., entitled GARIBALDI, supported by Mr R. Phillips, Bel more, Raymond, Miss Kate Carson - Powerful Company— Full stud of trained Steeds—Great Military Tableaux— Scenes in till. Circle by Madlle. Marguerite, Signor Isacihi, the wonderful Italian Equestrian, Miss Rosina and John Henry Cooke—Clowns, Messrs. Croueste, Rowella, and the Parisian Grotesques—terminating with an exceedingly droll Ballet entitled LOVE'S VAGARIES. Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips A CNTERBUR HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENENG.—The 3fusic of Verdi's Opera of MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con certs). And a Grand Seedlon from Meyerbeer's new opera of DINO RAIL. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. Georze iTolson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), W. F. Critchfield. and E. W. Mackney. Several interestin7 Pictures arc added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant sights of the metropolis. ROSH BON El MTH'S celebrated P ICTURE of the HORSE FAIR is now added to the already magnificent Collection of Paintings in the Canterbury Hall Fine Arts Gallery. The gallery is ope.i from 9 am. till 12 p.m. Admission, Six pence. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, - NOVEMBER 10. THERMOMF.TER, IN THE SHADE. 46 —highest since noon yesterday. 37—lowest this morning and during the night. 40 —this day at noon. BAROMETEII.-30.7C—the highest this year. Wrxn, North-Easterly in the morning, now North- Westerly; light, with foggy or hazy weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY. —Morning, lh. 22m. —Afternoon, lh. 40m. To-Moßnow -Morning, lh. 58m.—Afternoon, 2h. 16m. . 9e t " s .t 6 4. 5 e • 0 '• -05'1 . 117, Tfl E SIN, THURSOAY, NOVEMBER 10 ; 1859. The banquet at the Mansion-house last even• ing passed off with becoming eclat, although the two great rivals of modern power hap. pened to be absent the first being at Wind sor celebrating the heir-apparent's minor-majo rity, and the other nursing a foreign cold at Richmond. All things considered, the tone of the Speeches was quite up to the mark, and ex pectation had little left to hope for. The Home Secretary, Sir G. C. LEWIS, spoke for the Cabinet in a spirit which did him far more honour than when he presided with a bad grace at the Exche quer. He - said that we are determined to bring the Chinese to book, aided by the gallantry of our Allies over the Channel ; and if they enter into the matter heartily, the Chinese will rue the day when they broke faith so treacherously with the " outside bar barians." But whether the French join us or not, we are strong and too willing to give a good account of those perfidious Russians in disguise. All that is wanting is a clear view of our nccessi- Ves for such a campaign—men of character for daring resolve and promptitude of action in going ahead with the fortitude of soul resolved to" do or die." After the many sad experiences we have had in the Crimean and other wars, we sincerely trust that men will be chosen to command merely for their known aptitude and enterprise—men who can and will do the work—not royal favourites, whose chief qualifications seem to be their imbecility in the field, and tbe''r servility in the Court. England has paid too dearly in brave blood, and lost trea sure by confiding her precious honour to the keep ing of such unworthy favourites of irresponsible councillors. In rzferring to oar domestic affairs, the Home Secretary made the following pertinent re marks respecting the late (we hope) disturb ance in the metropolis caused by the strike : " We have seen one unfortunate event in which the inhabitants of this metropolis have been especially interested—l mean the disturbance which has occurred in the building trade, but which I trust is now approaching its termination. That has been an event of which her MAJESTY'S Govern ment have been no unconcerned spectators, although in regard to it We have felt it our duty to maintain a policy of consistent non-intervention. It. has been our desire not to interfere in any question between employers and their work men, but to leave both parties to adjust their dif ferences according to the . natural law of supply and demand. And I trust the time will never 'arrive when any scheme of intimidation will be attempted, or any endeavour made to introduce a system of protection for labour, which must prove not less unsound in principle than the exploded doctrine of protection to agriculture, which was recently ex punged from the legislation of this country with so much advantage to all classes of the community." As to the affairs of Italy, we are glad to see that Ministers are resolved to endeavour to let the Italians have fai r play in the conduct of their own Government. How far that resolve may be re spected by other Governments remains to be seen. If ever there was a complexity of selfish interests in the settlement of any question, the case of Italy presents as fine a specimen as the veriest diplomatist could desire! It is well for the cause of freedom that England has hitherto kept out of the quarrel, for her apparent reluctance has acted positively in favour of the weak" and paralysed the arm of the strong. Louls MAPOLEON has most marvelously outwitted himself, and puz zled both his friends and enemies at the same tiaae. May he always do so for the benefit of humanity He has clearly realized that the race is not to the swift nor the battle to the strong. Italy may teach him a lesson that hypoc risy is not the road to glory, but mmy lead to ruin as it ought. The cards may be shuffled once too often—and then—where is destiny ? Mr. BRIGHT has, by his last manifesto upon Reform and Taxation, done far more than simply hit the right nail on the head. He has driven a whole swarm of nails right home as with the ham mer of THOR—he has driven them home with a will —and clinchedthem afterwards. There is no getting over the hard and stubborn truths piled up in a formidable accumulation of facts and figures, in the remarkable letter given us two or three days ago in The Sun, and since commented upon with so much idle and innocuous acrimony by so many of our contemporaries. The communication we mean which was addressed exactly on this day month to the Secretary of the Birmingham Land lords' Association by the hon. gentleman the dis tinguished member for that great manufacturing borough. A pamphlet strongly condemnatory of the ever-odious Income Tax—the Income Tax, at least, ever-odious under its present cruel and most unjust because most unequal mode of assessment — had been forwarded to Mr. BRIGHT by the Secre tary of the Association, and Mr. BRIGHT'S letter in reply forms its appropriate acknowledgment. Having intimated at the very outset of this epistle what was almost superfluous to have written, namely, that he entirely coincided with the view taken of that tax throughout the whole argument of the pamphleteer—having even emphasised this 1 coincidence by saying " the more I examine it [the Income Tax], the more I think it hateful and in tolerable—Mr. BRIGHT goes on to explain quite plainly and simply, and as we cannot but think quite unanswerably, and by a logical chain of reasoning absolutely irrefragable—Why it is that thinking thus of this hateful and intolerable burden, he can do no more as an Economic Reformer than protest against it " until," as he expresses it at the close of his very masterly argument, " until the public purse is taken from the custody of a class and placed under the safe keeping of the people." Mr. BRIGHT only puts the real truth, in those plain and very comprehensible words, into the clearest and the simplest language. The fact that requires reform is there so stated that " whose runs may read." As we observed, however, it is stated only too plainly. Mr. BRIGHT is simply impolite —he comes to the point direct—he don't understand the least bit in the world any mere courtly circumlocution. His keen glance recognises the exact spot to be aimed at—he "has at it" point blank, and proves himself, by the accuracy of his ob servations and the steadiness of his hand in pulling the trigger, such a crack shot as we should find a difficulty in matching out of all the rifle corps as yet organised. Those who were once loudest about the advisability of retrenchment, and whose highest flights of assault upon the powers that be can go no further, even in moments of the greatest exacer bation, than to lament the blighting darkness shed around by—" the cold shade of the aristocracy !" Mere courtly and rhetorical reformers like these are quite shocked, it seems, now—and, under the circumstances, we can hardly wonder at it—by the plain-speaking of the hon. member for Birming ham. It really signifies hardly a fee what may be the estimate formed either of Mr. BRIGHT himself or Mr. BRIGHT'S arguments upon Re form and Taxation by mere kid-gloved politicians like those who are perpetually in want of the stench of a burnt feather, and of the pun gency cf a vinaigrette, to get without fainting through the throng and crush of Reformers. It is only so far worthy of attention that it helps any one to understand upon the instant how well Mr. BRIGHT has taken his aim, and how cleverly and excruciatingly he has directed that deadly missile —his last paper pellet. He has hit the bull's eye—and the bull roars ! He has argued his facts so unan swerably, that those who don't think with him are infuriated. In another sense, in a more literal sense than that in which the old classic phrase was originally employed, we may say of his letter sim ply— oleo facia est. But we may add in regard to the effects produced by it, in no other sense than that generally attached to the other old classic phrase—lliac dire lochryince. The hon. member far Birmingham says early in his argument—" There is no department in which the expenditure has not largely increased during the last ten years, and every year exhibits greater contempt of economy on the part of. the .Adminis tration and the Parliament." Whosoever feels dis posed to deny this has but to glance at the records of the Exchequer and to remain dumb thereafter. Again, Mr. BRIGHT goes on to remark—" The Russian war threw wide open the door of the national exchequer, and since 1%51 the great fund gathered from the industry of the people has been an ce,,y prey to those who, on hollow pretences of every ki i.d, manage to live at the expense of the payers of taxes." As to the Russian war—it is a truth only too notorious, too painfully notorious, that our expenditure upon that incident alone reached a frightful aggregate of from £90,000,000 to .E 100,000,000. As to the rest—circumspice ! Can any one with Minserd within reach upon the bookshelves venture to deny the next pithy sen tence of Mr. BRIGHT'S letter, namely, as follows : " The House of Commons does nothing to check extravagance, it encourages it." Or the next one —"lts members are not so much of the tax-paying as of the tax-consuming class. They come," Mr. BRIGHT adds, "from, and they chiefly represent, those whose families have for generations considered the taxation of the people as their lawful patri mony." The hon. member goes on to illustrate the manner of their doing this, as we all know they do it, as follows: Tie writes, " The eldest of the family takes the estate in land, and the rest of the family occupy their lives mainly in a scramble for their undivided interest in that other estate contributed yearly by the payers of taxes." New all this may be, and probably is very unpleasant for some people to hear said or to read written and printed. But, however un pleasant it may be to them, it is at the same time in itself nevertheless perfectly true. Because Mr. BRIGHT says it and writes it, and does both the saying and the writing of it in such a way that no one can possibly remain in any degree in a state of misapprehension as to his meaning—he is abused and - villified. "Yet the truth is all the while that whether Mr. BRIGHT or any other honest plain• spoken, plain-written Reformer says it or writes it or does neither one nor the other—the monstrous expenditure is perfectly well known, is absolutely notorious, is inevitably fated in the fullness of time to be inexorably retrenched. It is thought by some that Mr. BRIGHT is about half a century in ad vance of his time. We doubt it. We heartily hope the future will prove he is not—but that he will yet take rank among the great practical Re formers of his generation. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston left Cam bridge House yesterday on a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. The Hon. George and Lady Alice Byng are staying at Wrotham-park, Barnet, on a visit to Viscount and Viscountess Enfield. The Right Hon., B. Disraeli and Mrs. Disraeli have left Grosvenor-gate for Torqua,y, LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received a Mr. Reuter's office : MODENA, Nov. 9, EVENING. The following is a summary of a proclamation issued to-day by Signor Farini, Dictator of Modena and Parma, who has been provisionally appointed Governor of the Romagna by the Assembly of Bologna. The Dictator commences by stating that he ac- cepts with confidence the powers conferred upon him by the representatives of the people, and that he will do his utmost to overcome all difficulties and dangers. The Dictator continues thus :—" Europe knows you are Catholics, and that you belong to the Church as. well as the Catholics of all other nations; but, as Italians, you belong to Italy, and it is your duty to lane and defend your country, and to seek its prospmity. You only ask for that which all civilised nations have sought for, namely, liberty of speech and conscience, and political freedom and equa l dty. You also demand the application of those principles which form the basis of the public right of nations, the glorious chief of that people, which shed its blood for our cause, having invited us to become soldiers, to fight for the independence of Italy, under the standard of Victor Emmanuel, and to be come free citizens of our country. Europe knows that it can secure the peace of Italy by ren dering Italy to the Italians. It is aware that we are ready to give the necessary guarantee for order throughout the country, and it also knows that the people of the Romagna, if forbearance and mode ration should be of no avail, sooner than submit to the yoke, would be advised only by their duty to their country, and the pursuit of the path of honour. FLORENCE, Nov. 9. The National Assembly has, with the exception of one vote, unanimously appointed Prince Carig nan as Regent, to govern the country in the name of Victor Emmanuel, the elected King. PARIS, Nov. 10. The Con stitutionnel, of to-day, in a second article on the Congress, signed by its principal editor, M. Grandguillot, states that the late Prince Metter nich himself was convinced that the conditions agreed upon at the Congress of 1815 could not be lasting, and exhorts the Italians to be practical and not to endeavour to advance too rapidly and render the unity of Italy a weak counterfeit of the unity of France. It further states that if they are deter mined to carry out this union, the reforms granted will enable them to do so if they advance with prudence. The article terminates by expressing a hope that the Italians will receive with deference the coun sels of the Powers of Europe, who will go to the Congress full of feelings of sympathy for the Italian cause. PARIS, Nov. 10. The Emperor has given orders to the French Plenipotentiaries at Zurich not to allow the diffi culty in the settlement of the financial question raised by Austria to interfere with the signature of the treaty of peace, but to attach their signatures immediately to this document. 1t is reported that instructions have been sent to M. Thouvenal, the Ambassador at Constantino ple, to represent to the Sultan the advantages to be derived from the construction of the Suez Canal and also to confer with the Russian Ambassador on this subject, in order that the two ambassadors may act in concert in this matter. ZURICH, Nov. 9. Yesterday all the Secretaries of the Conference assembled to draw up the treaties. It is said that the treaties will be signed to-day at the Hotel of the Municipality of Zurich. Count Turgot, the French ambassador in Swit zerland, has arrived at Zurich. A telegram received in Paris yesterday, from Zurich, states that the order to sign the treaties of peace arrived there in the afternoon ; the news that the same have been signed is expected in Paris every moment. Advices have been received from China to the 26th September. A letter from a good source states that a consi derable force of Cochin Chinese had attacked the French troops, but had been repulsed with severe loss. BOLOGNA, Nov. 9. The National Assembly of the Romagna has approved, by a large majority, the following pro position : "To accept the resignation of• the Governor- General of the Romagna, and to transfer to the Dictator of Parma and Modena full powers to govern the Romagna until Prince Carignan has assumed the regency,' The Sardinian Constitution has been proclaimed by the Assembly, which resolved that the time for its application shall be fixed by the Government. It was also resolved that the power to dissolve the present Assembly shall rest with Prince Carign an. The Assembly was then prorogued. BERLIN, WEDNESDAY. On reliable information it is stated that the question of the Isthmus of Suez will be discussed at the approaching Congress. INDIA AND CHINA. TRIESTE, Nov. 9. The Austrian Lloyd's steamer, just arrived with the India and China mails, brings the following adviees : BOMBAY, OCT. 13. It is said that Jung Bahadpor had resolved to expel the fugitive rebels from Terrai. Nana Sahib is, with several hundred men, on the banks of the Rapty. Lord Elphinstone will resign the Government of Bombay in March next. The expedition against the Waghurs has taken lie fort and island of Beyt. ' HONG KONG, SEPT. 28. It is stated that the treaty between China and the United States will not come into operation until matters are settled with England and France. Tin SUN, LONDON THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 10, 1859. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. 3TADRAs, Oct. 13.—Exchange on London, 2s Old to 2s 11d. HONG KONG, Sept. 28.—Exchange on London, 4s 10d to 4s 101. Freights unaltered. CANTON.—English goods in demand. Exports, moderate business. SHANGHAI, Sept. 20.—Silk animated. Exchange on London, Gs 7d to Gs Sad. Freights for tea, El lOs to £2 10s; for silk, £4 to £4 10s. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY. The Siecle, in speaking of the delay which has taken place in signing the two remaining treaties, says :—" According to the information which we have received, the cause of the - postponement is a dispute between the Austrian and Sardinian pleni potentiaries as to the value of the florin, which the former want to fix at two francs and some odd cen times, while the atter assert that it should be two francs only. In the sum of a hundred millions, the difference would amount to two or three millions." The Nord, after alluding to the florin question, says :—" To that obstacle may be added the ques tion of the convents, and more particularly the pre tension of Austria to continue to exercise over the Lombard railway the control which was given her by the deed of sale of the Austro-Italian lines, the principal office of which is at Vienna." A number of clerks belonging to the 2d section of the army works corps have left Paris for Toulon, where they are to embark 'with the troops of the Chinese expedition. The second battalion of the Foot Chasseurs, now in garrison at Vincennes, has been fixed on to form part of the expedition, and will shortly leave Paris. Before embarking each man will receive a straw hat, a blouse, and a pair of linen trousers, under which uniform they will show themselves to the Chinese. The strength of the battalion will be raised:to 2,000 men. The men who belong to the class of 1853, and whose term of service expires next year, will not form part of the expedition. Officers who are not strong enough to undertake this distant campaign, and those who are married, will be allowed to exchange. The 101st and 102 d regiments of the line, now at Lyons, have also been designated for the expe dition, and are now making their preparations for departure. The young Prince Napoleon Bonaparte, son of the Prince de Canino, who was lately married at Rome to the Princess Ruspoli, has arrived in Paris with his bride. His age is 20 and that of the Princess 17. A report is current in fashionable circles that the Duchess of Malakoff is in an interesting situa tion. Count de Keratry, ex-Peer of France, ex-Coun cillor of State, and the oldest member of the last Legislative Assembly, died the day before yester day at Port Manly, near Saint Germain, aged 90. The army ordnance authorities have just com pleted in the ateliers de precision a new field picoe, which was taken out to be tried for the first time yesterday. It is stated to be an American inven tion. The gun is of wrought iron, loads at the breech, and is of considerable size, requiring six horses to draw it. The Russian screw liner of 84 guns, the Gorgcut, is reported as having arrived at Ferrol, consider ably damaged by the late gales. It was stated some weeks back that the Auda cicuse steam frigate had brought from China to Brest 36 pieces of cannon which were part of those taken by the Anglo-French forces in the first attack on the forts of the Peiho. Eight of these guns are of large size, the rest being culverins. All bear Chinese or Tartar inscriptions, and some are elegantly ornamented. The largest of all is about 101 feet long, and bears a Chinese inscription, of which this is a translation : " The Great General, who extends power and secures victory (this is the name of the cannon), was cast in the sixth year of the reign of the Emperor Ilion-Fong (1856) ; it weighs 9,0001 b., it receives 91b. of gunpowder, and a 271 b ball. The great Minister Kko-chi, who by Imperial favour has been admitted as a Prince into the Imperial family, President of the Committee of Arms, &c., and Prince Botalkatai, Dando, Badouro, and Senggerintsin, Directors of the Mantchou Fire Arms Manufactory, have ordered this cannon to be made. Ming Tai, Chief of the Wings of the Camp of Fire Arms, and Soui-Khi, a man of letters, employed as reader to the Privy Council, have superintended the casting. The principal workmen were Sietouan-tching and Ou-sing-kie." The inscription on the cannon next in size shows that it was cast in the year 1841, under the reign of the Emperor Tao-Kouang, and that it bears the name of " General of - the First Class, who corn mands the sea." TILE BoußsE, Nov. 9.—The market has been very flat, with a slight depression in prices. Threes, after having been done at 701. 15c., de clined to 69f. 95c. Mobilier varied from 790 to 780 f. Austrian, 518 f. 75c. to 547 f. .50c ; Lom bard, 5521. 50c., to 5511. 25c.; Lyons, 8931. 73c. to 892 f. 50c ; Orleans, 1,367 f. to 1,365 f. ; Southern, 515 to 513 ff. 75c. ; Northern, 947 f. 50c. to 945 f. The following were the last quotations : 41 per Cents. 95 40 Do. end month I 3 per Cents Do. end month 7O 5 Bank Shares. 2825 :,"`redit Mobilier Do. Account Credit Foncier 695 Belgian 41 — Piedmontesa (5) itoman B5 50 Austrian Spanish Throes Home Dcbt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Niorthern 950 .. 947 60 New ditto 825 .. 827 50 Lyons and Mediterranean B9l 25 .. 893 75 Geneva — .. 530 Southern Western 571 26 .. Eastern Sardinia. . .............. 410 .. Austrian Lombard .. Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 12 f le. ; money, 25f. 10c. ; three months, paper, 241. 971 e. ; money, 24f. 95e ITALY. The Opt . nione of Turin, of the 6th, states that up to that date the amount of rentes of the new Pied montese loan subscribed for at Turin was 7,350,000 f., corresponding to a capital of 147,000,000 f. General Garibaldi has addressed a letter to the 21Iodena Gazette, in which, after expressing his satisfaction at the great success which has attended his proposal of a subscription of a million francs for muskets, he regrets his not being able to undertake the management of so large a sum himself, but re commends subscribers to send their contributions to MM. Enrico Besana, of Milan, and Giuseppi Finzi, of Mantua. The directors of the fund are to fix their residence at Bologna, under Garibaldi's own supervision, and there is to be an office at Milan, charged to receive all further offerings. The following is the proclamation : It.was my good fortune to utter one word which alluded to a matter of supreme necessity for Italy, and found, as it would not fail to do, an echo in the heart of all my country- men. I asked for arms and in every spot of our Peninsula, and of many other civilized nations there arose a noble emulation to answer my call, to further the defence of a cause, than which history cannot point out another more righteous or loftier. This noble competition in lending a hand to the cause of patriotism and civilzation by no means surprised me because I have been fo: many years convinced that the number of minds trained to brave, patriotic, and liberal sentiments is by far greater than the oppressors are willing to believe; yet so rapid and so splendid was the result of my proposal, that I find myself unprepared for the difficut management.of an enterprise which turns out as vast as it is important and sacred. In order, therefore, to provide that this spontanems aid to our cause should be followed up by a well organised and active administration, I deemed it expedient to entrust the direction of the enterprise to Dr. Enrico Besana, of Milan, and Giuseppe Finzi, of Mantua, whose names are well known for their political devotion to the interests of their country, and for their tried integrity. The direction shall reside in Bologna, under my imme diate supervision; a branch of it shall be established in Milan, to facilitate the conveyance of the sums collected, and the correspondence thereto referring, with the northern districts of the Peninsula. May fortune be as propitious to us as our love to our country is earnest and steady ! E. GARIBALDI. A Milan letter says :—" Travellers who passed through Magenta on All Saints' Day were agree ably surprised to see numerous tapers burning in different parts of the late field of battle. It was a pious act on the part of the population, who on that day wished to honour the brave men who had fallen there. A light had been placed on each of the crosses erected on the different graves." BELGIUM. The Belgian Chambers assembled yesterday for their ordinary annual session, the constitution de claring that their meeting must take place on the second Tuesday of November. As already stated, the King, being indisposed, did not attend, and consequently there was no ceremonial whatever. In the Representatives, the senior deputy, acting as president, announced that the session was opened, and the members proceeded to the nomination of their definitive bureau. M. Orts was elected presi dent by 47 votes to 19 ; and M. Dolez, first vice president, by 45 votes. Tho second vice-president was not elected in consequence of the Chamber being no longer in number. In the Senate, the definitive bureau is thus composed :—President, Prince de Ligne ; vice-presidents, MM. de Renesse and d'Amalius d'Habley. SPAIN. The Opposition journals of Madrid of the sth complain that Marshal O'Donnell retains the Pre sidency of the Council and Ministry of War whilst commanding the expedition in Morocco, and they say that public business must necessarily suffer from two such important offices being occupied only ad interim by two of his colleagues during his absence. It was said that the English Cabinet had requested that an English military officer should be allowed to accompany the expedition. According to the Correspondancia, the English Consul-General at Tangiers had embarked in a war steamer which remained in the roadstead; but at Tetuan no member of the consular body had retired, as hostilities were not expected there. More bishops had sent ad dresses to the Queen, expressing ardent sympathy with the war. The Russian screw-ship of the line Gargout, of 85 guns, had allied at Ferrol; she had sustained some damage from stress of weather. - A letter from Pesth says :—"lt is very generally reported here, in well-informed circles, that the Go vernment intends to dispose of the crown lands in Hungary by means of a great lottery at 50 florins the ticket. The revenue of these lands was estimated, before 1848, at 1,600,000 florins a-year. Now, as this property yielded, at most, only 2 per cent., that in come represents a principal of 80,000,000 florins. Since 1845, however, the value of land has in creased at least 50 per cent. in Hungary, chiefly owing to the emancipation of the peasants, pro claimed by the Hungarian Diet. The extent of the domains was also considerably increased by confiscations in 1849, for, although a promise was made to many families that their lands should be restored, they have been fulfilled in but very few instances. The crown lands in Hungary must therefore be now worth at least 100,000,000 florins, and if sold by lottery 150,000,000 might probably be obtained. In Hungary, however, few persons would have anything to do with the lot tery, as the alienation of the domains of the crown would be considered illegal." A Berlin letter says :—" When the official notification of the signature of the treaties of Zurich has been sent, an invitation to a Congress will be forwarded immediately after. Before leaving Turin the Prussian Minister had an audience of the King of Sardinia. His Majesty is said to have protested against the inten. tion attributed to him of favouring the revolution ary party. He intimated that he was fully aware of the importance of his measures regarding Ro magna, and of the answer which he made to the deputation from that country, but that he had thought it his duty, in consequence of his thorough acquaintance with the situation, to assign legal limits to the movement, which threatened to run into excess, and that he was convinced he had acted in the interests of order and peace." •THE LATE MR. BRUNEL AND MR. ROBERT STEPH_E.NSON. At the opening meeting of the Institution o. Civil Engineers, held on Tuesday, the President Mr. Joseph Locke, M.P., made the following re. marks respecting these lately deceased eminent men : I cannot permit the occasion of opening a new session to pass without alluding to the irreparable loss which the institution has sustained by the death, during the recess, of its two most honoured and distinguished members. In the midst of difficulties of no ordinary kind, with an ardour rarely equalled, and an application both of body and mind almost beyond the limits of physical endurance—in the full pursuit of a great and cherished idea—Brunel was suddenly struck down, before he had accomplished the task which his daring genius had set before him. Following in the footsteps of his distinguished parent, Sir Isambard Brunel, his career, even from its commencement, was remarkable for originality in the conception of the works confided to him. As his experience increased, his confidence in his powers augmented ' • and the Great Western Rail way, with its broad gauge line, colossal engines, large carriages, and bold designs of every descrip tion, was carried onward, and ultimately embraced a wide district of the country. The same feeling induced in steam navigation the successive con struction of the Great Western steamer, the largest vessel of the time, until superseded by the Great Britain, which was in its turn eclipsed by the Great Eastern, the most gigantic experiment of the age. The Great Ship was Brunel's peculiar child; he appplicd himself to it in a manner which could not fail to command respect ; and if he did not live to see its final and successful completion, he saw enough, in his later hours, to sustain him in the belief that his idea would ultimately become a triumphant reality. The shock which the loss of Brunel created was yet felt, when we were startled by the announce ment that another of our esteemed members had been summoned from us. Of that friend I feel it to be a difficult task to speak without giving way to feelings better fitted for the closet than a public assembly. Robert Ste phenson was the friend of my youth, the companion of my ripening years, a competitor in the race of life; and was as generous as a competitor as he was firm and faithful as a friend. This will I know find an echo in the hearts of all around me; and your feelings will supply that laudation in which it would seem inappropriate for me to indulge. Like Brunel, Robert Stephenson commenced his professional career under his father, George Ste phenson. His early years were devoted to the im provement and construction of the locomotive, and to him we owe the type of those machines, many of which are now actually in use on our railways. From the time of our Liverpool and Manchester Railway—when our joint report contributed in 'a great degree to the adoption of the locomotive en gine as the means of transport—and of the subse quent London ,and Birmingham line, with its long Parliamentary contests, its Kilsby Tunnel, and other difficulties inherent in so new an undertaking a multitude of other lines followed, in which there had to be foreseen and provided for numerous diffi• culties, all of which were met and surmounted with coolness and consummate skill. Among these great works may be mentioned the Royal Border and High Level Bridges, and more especially the Conway and Britannia Bridges, which were the first examples on so vast a scale of the tubular principle, and the bridges across the St. Lawrence and the Nile, remarkable alike for their granduer of conception and successful execution. To my present hearers, the enumeration of the works in which Robert Stephenson was engaged would be as a " twice-told tale;" but we must look back with interest upon the days of the "Battle of the Gauges"—the discussions upon the atmospheric system—and the numerous topics which have been argued within these walls and elsewhere. In the enjoyment of a distinguished name and reputation, Robert Stephenson like Brunel, has been cut off whil e s till i n the middle period of life ; and although he pursued his profession with perse vering energy, and accomplished in it those tri umphs of the successful application of a mind well trained and stored with practical and theoretical knowledge of various kinds, and achieved some of the greatest works of art which have been wit nessed in our day, he at the same time obtained an eminence in the scientific world rarely reached by any practical professional man. It is not my intention, at this time, to give even an outline of the works achieved by our two de parted friends. Their lives and labours, however, are before us, and it will be our own fault if we fail to draw from them useful lessons for our ow n guidance. Man is not perfect, and it is not to be expected that he should be always successful; and, as in the midst of success we sometimes learn great truths before unknown to us, so also we often dis cover in fai:ure the causes which frustrate our best directed efforts. Our two friends may probably form no exception to the general rule; but judging by - the position they had each secured, and by the universal respect and sympathy which the public has manifested for their loss, and remembering the brilliant ingenuity of argument, as well as the more homely appeals to their own long experience often heard in this hall, we are well assured that they have not laboured in vain. We, at least, who are benefited by their successes, who feel that our institution has reason to be proud of its association with such names as Brunel and Stephenson, have a duly to perform, and that duty is to honour their memory and emulate V; eir example. I ought to add, in conclusion, that amongst the many private and public bequests made by Robert Stephenson, is one to this institution of th e munifi cent sum of two thousand pounds. SOAP. By Sheridan Muspratt, Esq., M.D., F.R.S., Edin burgh, &T.; Professor of Chemistry, Liverpool. Health and economy are the leading desiderata in our conventional system of society, and there is no substance presenting more important relations to that plan, and to domestic comfort and cleanliness, than soap. Though a luxury, it is condered a prime necessity of life throughout the civilised world. Rich and poor alike appreciate its usefulness, so that the annual quantity consumed amounts to hundreds of millions of pounds. In this country the average consumption is 71bs. per annum for each person, and in the United States something less, of which latter ratio, however, about one-sixteenth consists of imported fine soaps, including Castille and toilet soaps. In Jamaica the ratio is slbs. per head annually. The figure, however, in none of these instances, is as high as the usual allowance in alms-houses, particularly in England, where it amounts to 101bs. for each inmate. Chemically considered, soap is a definite com pound if one or more of the fatty acids, with a metallic, earthy, or alkaline basis. Tire metallic soaps, called also plasters, are only known in pharmacy. The earthy saponaceous bodies have no practical application, and, like the preceding, are insoluble in water. The alkaline soaps, on the contrary, dissolve readily in that fluid, and are characterised by the property of detergence. This cleansing power gives them great practical value and importance, for by this means water is made to dissolve and remove greasy dirt from the skin and garments, and it is for washing these that soap is principally used. Soap is distinguished as hard or soft according to its basic character ; soda being the base of the former and potassa of the latter. The term soap is derived from the Latin word sap, a corruption of the German sepe, now written seife. The Hebrews,Egyptians, and Greeks in ancient times NN rshed their clothes with free alkali ; but according to Pliny, soap originated with the Gauls, and thence the knowledge of the art of making it passed to the Germans, and probably extended from them to the Romans. A complete soap factory exists in the ruins of Pompeii, destroyed by an eruption from Vesuvius in the first Christian century. The art was known in France during the eighth century, as history mentions that a soap maker formed one of the domestic corps of Charlemagne. In England it is probably about the year 1,500, it was first known, but the earliest authentic record is in 1641, the date of a small brochure on the soap business now in the British Museum. Soap was made in 1710, during the reign of Queen Anne, with fat, ashes, and salt, very much after the present mode of working with these materials. The manufacture of soap is eminently a chemical art, but it has been mostly in the hands of the ignorant, and, eonsequenty, its progress has not kept pace with discovery in applied science. Nearly all the improvements which have been made —even those pertaining to the practical de tail of the art —owe their origin to men of study. I Indeed, such has been the inveterate devotion of mere working men in this business to old ways, old imperfections, old errors and prejudices, that nothing less than the loss encountered by them in the competition with those who more wisely adopted the plan of scientific workers has ever induced them—and even then but tardily—to follow the lead of their more successful fellow labourers. It is a curious incident in the history of blind devotion in the trades of old recipes, &c., that the writer's father, after essaying for a long time in vain, by reasoning, to induce the soap manufacturers to employ the better and more economical soda ash as a substitute for wood ashes, barilla, and kelp, was obliged, from a pride of science and a desire to benefit the groping labourer, to gratuitously send his loads of alkali and empty them at the very doors of the workmen. Chevreal cast the first great light upon the dark- ness of the way, in 1811, by his discovery of the compound nature of fats, and a few years earlier Leblanc made a valuable contribution of a ready process for making soda artificially from common salt. In more recent times Tilghman has improved upon this latter benefit by producing the alkali at the time of manufacture in a caustic state, without the necessity of de-carbonating it with lime. Still later Morfit, of New York, has devised a new and eftTcient boiling apparatus, by which the soap is made with great promptness and of unvarying uniformity in appearance and composition. This same chemist has within the last year added further to our knowledge of the subject, by giving a method for utilising red oil—crude oleic acid—as a fat stock for soaps of a superior quality. The plan is patented, and promises to produce a reform in the present mode of making the first grades of bath and laundry soaps. The high value of fat stock often leads to the de basement of the quality of the laundry soaps for the purpose of reducing their cost price. Tea to twenty per cent. of rosin are admissible for the ob - ject, as that substance, when combined with alkali, assists the detergent power of the soap in a limited degree. But beyond that proportion it injures it, so also any other of the substances now so fre quently employed, such as clay and the like, as a mere cheapening or defrauding mixture which de tracts muca from, without adding in the least to, the value of the soaps. College of Chemistry, Liverpool, Nov. 7, 1859. THE PADDLE, SCREW, AND PUMP.—Many dis putes have a' isen as to whether circular movement or rectilinear movement is best for the prime mover ; but thus far opinion seems to be in favour cf the latter;. and the next question is as to the instrument. The paddle, the screw, and the pump are up to this time the efficient means. Steam-moved oars have been tried, but with inefficient re sults. The paddle is out of the question for war ships, even supposing it more efficient for speed than the screw. The best made paddles should enter the water at one corner, but so as to make no blow, and in that case they would a; - proximate to the action of the screw ;" but the side of the vessel would be a very awkward position for the screw. It is proved that the best screws are those that enter the water gradually, with rounded corners, —Once e Week, IST. I.I2ILES'S THEATRE. The management, with praiseworthy energy, keep up a continued supply of novelties, and last night produced an original comedy with great success, which the late Mr. James Kenny—the popular author of •" Sweethearts and Wives," and many other genuine pieces that pleased the last generation—left at his death unacted. It is in three acts, and is entitled, " London Pride; or, Living for Appearances." The object of the comedy is to display the misery pro duced by a perpetual sacrifice to conventional appearances ; and this lesson is Worked out upon all the principal dram ativ persono. Mr. Harrington (Mrs. Frank Matthews), who has risen from lower life, sacrifices everything to her passion for social distinction, and torments her husband, Mr. Harrington (Mr. Leigh Murray), with her extravagances. She is lured by a swindling foreigner, Falsetto (Mr. Walter Carle), to reject, as her daugh ter's suitor, the son of an old friend, Frederick Anson (Mr. Brazier), for a nominal character who never appears. This brings Julia, the daughter (Miss Nelly Moore), into great distress as well as the young man, and the father is compelled to aid her as he cannot give his child any portion. Mrs. Harrington's extravagance carries her to the length of taking a thousand pounds out of her husband's escritoire, which she imagines to be his, but which really is only a part of the portion the father of the daughter's lover has deposited with him. The scoundrel Falsetto has contrived to substitute false jewels for the real, and decamps with them ; and Mr. Harrington, finding himself ruined, rejects entirely the O'er of the father of the lover, Mr. Anson (Mr. George Spencer), and has to return him the money, and desires .his wife to deliver up the key of his escritoire,, which he has left with her. Sho is now horror-stricken, and sends back the jewels to snake up what she can of the money sho has taken, wden they are declared to be false, and th 3 trick of Falsetto is revealed. Her humble but rich uncle, whom she has always scorned, hero steps in, and finding that she has only been extremely foolish, and not criminal, furnishes cash enough to settle all matters, and make the young couple happy. The applause was perfectly genuine, and completly rati fied the success of the piece, which is likely to grow rapidly into the favour of the public, which we are glad to see has found its way to this theatre, it being filled in all parts. The ballet farce of " Magic Toys" and the burlesque of " Vir ginias" completed the entertainments of the evening. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the Official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Downing -street. The Ministers present were—Viscount Palmerston, the Duke of Argyll, Sir G. Cornewall Lewis, Lord John Russell, the Duke of Newcastle, the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, Sir George Grey, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, and the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge left St. James's Palace yesterday for Windsor Castle, on a visit 'to her Majesty. His Excellency the Prussian Minister and the Countess de Bernstorff left town:yesterday for Windsor Castle. His Excellency the Danish Minister and Madame van Deckum have arrived at the residencQ of the Lega tion, in Lowndes-square, from the Continent. The Duchess of Grafton has arrived at her man sion in Clargzs-street, from Euston Hall, Norfolk. The Marquis of Lansdowne has arrived at Lansdowne House, from Bowood, Wilts. The Earl of Carlisle has arrived on a visit to Viscount and Viscountess Lismore, at Shanbally Castle, where the Marquis and Marchioness of Londonderry, Mr Geortk Bagot, and a select circle are assembled. DEATH OF GEORGE T. F. SMITH, ESQ.—This gentleman, whose weather predict ions have appeared in this journal for many years, died yesterday from bronchitis at his residence, High-street, Cheltenham. EXTRAORDINARY STEAM POorsA -es At a time when the performance of the Grea t Eastern, especially as regards speed and consunlP' h° tion of fuel, is watched with so much interest, t following statement, says the Daily News, fur' nished by a trustworthy correspondent , of the re' suit of severial trials of the new screw steamship t Thunder, cannot fail to command attention. APar from the high rate of speed attained (17 st atute ' miles per hour), the extraordinary sav in g in uen marks an immense step in the science of steam na vigation, and will be hailed with satisfaction bf all those who entertain a conviction that, Oder , proper economical conditions, the longe st voyar ; may be accomplished by steamers witho ut a sin ? stoppage. Upon the importance of this as bear l o : upon the development of the trade with Ind' China, and Australia, it is unnecessary to dwell; " Messrs. Dudgeon and Langley, Deptford, have just completed the screw steamslll.l)o Thunder, for Messrs. Apcar and Co., and CaPt al i Durham, of Calcutta, and under the directions.n°,l` the latter gentleman, for the navigation of the Chen, seas against the north-east monsoons. " Her dirne d ' i, sinus are as follows :—length between PerPu feet; culars, 240 feet; beam, 30 feet; depth, 221 of Millwal l au ! ' os; tonnage, builders's measurement, 1,062 72-9 4 r; her engines are of 210 nominal horse-pewpeaet. diameter of cylinders, 55 inches ; stroke, 3 feet She is fitted with all the best improvements, such to as belted cylinders, expansion gear, OP% i n thrust, boilers that consume the fuel and Ines furnaces and tubes to the point that the reraetiP er, escapes up the chimney and heats the , lie ot heater to the temperature of 300 degrees on regulation. A trial trip was made with her r een the 3d inst., when she ran the distan ce het%°ost the Nore and Mouse lights in 30 minutes against tide, being at the rate of at least 17 sta tute Inli er per hour, engines making 58 to 60 r evolatle °sP i e h minute, driving the screw direct. Ths screwi ter is of the ordinary descriptien, is 15 feat dial A and 294- feet pitch. Engines during trial es'elleco; 950 to 1,000 indicated horse power. The Outer t party who were on board, including several era' Telles merchants and scientific eneineers, were s ll ° pleased with the vessel and her achievemes-#4 ' hos t is a very handsome vessel, and has not the g i g" f 4 I, Ivis''' . vibration even st her immedse speed. T- ° „ m e Dudgeon on the following day had her unde o fe - r d, for several hours to tcst her consumption ~ s ed When working with steam at 191bs. press are ' • n ee using full expansion and superheaters, th e e s s el made 54 revolutions per minute regularly', the grow' steamed over 14 knots per hour, and the eon tir 01. tion of Duffryn steam coal was 820 1 bs. Per h° 0r as near as possible 11b. per indicated hersearfron per hour, being the greatest result yet obtain e e ••or ' the steam-engine. At the time of trial th oat mersed midship section was 342 feet, disPlacueofr, 950 to 1,000 tons. The vessel was designelntoia John Dudgeon under the instruction of -ar Po, Durham. The engines made by J. and lrshe is geon, and the ship built by Mr. Langley r od' fitted with Beattie's patent screw outside the ses der, and Beardmore's superheaters to boilers Ssel of has the most airy accommo dation of any le her k her class. Government, we believe, ha ve ` ll-- be e. as a ship for the conveyance of invalids to t ile e asy pitals in the Chinese expedition, for Ishie ll ; lier motion and airy decks eminently fit her. 1 11 0 • CILRYSANTHEMUM EXILL I 3 I 3 m ole 1 an d c ! So popular has the chrysanthemum ,bey- for '- so numerous are the societies established obi culture, that scarcely a day passes without 0 11 f o rt' bition taking place, and will continue se lie ' t 'le night to come, this being the season "slbition4 flowers are in full bloom. Amon.. the 0 the first deserving notice is S o ot' THE STOKE NWINGTON (ORIGINAL) r s, —This society has been established 13 l e `j o es °' this was their 13th annual show ; it took P, lni relt" Monday and Tuesday, at the Manor-rooras, ' t o f the eßae p tffn l a ptde. ndcs plants afawonliur,tahesis instance, fisp a vtea d ern m f ege i ercu exhibitedat ai b non l en e da , wswma a hesr n ai street, Stoke Newington. The arrangee leu n ieso i l, besides other prizes. The following weriosiT awards of the judges :—Class-I—Six largtettefar,'' comP e re the ing varieties—lst prize, Mr. Oubridge , efrSsro b „/ ' hill. Class 2—Single specimen plant —,`"-r. (se lc " . 4did)—Mr. Wiggins, of Isleworth, cd c t o h h r truly b l w oa y: nd ei a dr e s e a g t eoofn verys .s 111: t 5 , ,. f 7 l e 1:: ) ; e O l Ist prize. Class 3—Six ponvon t i n pots etas° Six anemone pompon pl a nts-1 11N r .e : c f clu b uP11 :0o s a lii i :"cr cup. Class 5 (for nurserymen)- 36 C ` j° Mr. J. IL Bird, Stoke Newington, silver OP. i lly elver c g u e p ; 7 (amateurs)-24 cut blooms—Mr. Elli°ntbricif," cup. Class 8 (amateurs) Cut blooms — Ir ' Stamford-hill, P r (maiden)—Six blooms—Mr. W. Taylor!, Ist for t° Extra prizes were awarded to Mr. f ind r Ist prize. , t splendid specimen of the " Golden tane cu tfal se e anemone bloSs, Mr. Holland, of Isleworth, for some beaut, , s th° Both d a y s ling blooms, " Miss Augusta.", room wAs well attended. „ t ole,' t he TOWER HAMLETS AMATEUR Calts' - SOCIETY.—This was the first exhibition place society, and it was a very good one. It to aveorroll' on Monday and Tuesday, at the B a gdor the Mile-end-road, and the visitors each el°P „,t of S. numerous, The decoration or arrangent; /qr. plants for exhibition was superintended uludvone'o Broome, of the Temple gardens, and the de serv e o and skill he displayed in giving effeet Vale, of t 1 ,', 3 great praise. The judges were Messrs. an d t` l t Ifol Middle Temple-gardens, and Mr. 0 following were their awards :—Cl ass blooms (dressed)—Mr. Vile, Ist prize' l ‘ n ;pee;r i . 2d ; Mr. A. Fisher, 3d. Cass 2—Si x P u- sd; es heet, sor t y--" Mr. C. Courche, Ist prize ; Mr. Sten ering Far; E. Farmer, 3d. Class 3—Large flew Mr. A. Fisher (Hon. Sec.). Ist prize ; I ‘ l „ r 't ble ° , 2 l, mer, 2d ; Mr. Vile, 3d. Class 4—Six eis-arderP:o (dressed)—Mr. Newton, Ist prize; p a n der, Class 5-12 cut blooms (undressed)---1‘,1,1%,400, "or, Ist prize; Mr. Vile, 2d ; Mr. Wasn,... lll °Farn i ,a, Class 6—Pompons, in 24 size pots-- -- Ai r t -,"" toil' je Ist prize ; Mr. Stonesheet, 2d ; M r ' Pa r 's e d: Class 7—Six cut blooms (undressed) New ton, ay Ist prize; Mr. Washington, 2d; Mr. 'egr. Class B—Four pompons, in 32 size Petrlpirtic‘lici ner, Ist prize ; Mr. C. Courche, 2el 3d. Class 9—Six pompons, in 48 size P qr . Ca" ; C. Courche, Ist prize; Mr. Rayner, 2d; oeoloi 3d. Class 10—Six cut blooms, with a i 1 81 centre—Mr. Patterson, Ist prize. Cla s . s ter sor4 pompons, with anemone centre—Mr. pat ters ' flex Pe' prize. Class 12—Six cut blooms (re- 2 Washington, Ist prize ; Mr. A. Fisher , re cootf, l ; sides the above, some beautiful plants O ar , iti 4 ts' e buted by Messrs. Broome and W. organ, Pil e pyramidal form, not for competition ; r f oo reb. ' specimen plant, " zebra," by Mr. jos. s u re sti grown like a standard rose-tree, which wa ,,ocel lilac, -- admired, its colour being a crimson distinct. as SO T- der SOUTH-EASTERN CHRYSANTIIEMU- t in a The third annual exhibition of this socive., oo the patronage of Sir C. Napier, K• on freesdato Mr. J. Locke, Q.C., M.P., took place 011 I s ine s n and Wednesday (yesterday) at the St'osoliga School-room, Spa-road, Bermondsey'. 4 . 41 ,0,9 O ct but a young society, the show was firS', 0/ .o s . here, too, Mr. Broome displayed his talenb_ sessr „ in arranging the plants. The censors wer u . `v .r G. Glenn-, y Neville, and Holland. The followl"robwo the successful competitors :—Six pomPon s g for per t 1 2 ri pots —lst prize (a silver cup), o Mr. mondsey, Mr. G. Bartlett being second;rr. pott: cut blooms - Ist prize (a silver cup) , to -5 1 . • In Old Kent-r, al, Mr. Marshall being seee ° ~ t he fl ls Maiden Class, Mr. Pink, Coburg-road, toot;i-covereiie prize; Mr. J. Harper second. For log e a wed t n , specimen plant, Mr. J. Rose, New-cross, For oot., first prize, Mr. Bartlett being becond• Gaer. au a rally grown pompons, in 48 size pots, -I` r' no ,bei rl° New-cross, obtained the first prize, Mr. CI second. E. Nickles, Esq., Colonade House,:owo road, sent five beautiful, standard p _ cl nts, g t ; , eu ts , his gardener, Mr. Perfect; and standard six splendid pompons, which were not 1 , ': bo tors', tition. The re were numerous other col:1;0'100os and, as a whole, the exhibition was highlY",, a dding ful, Mr. H ugg i ns , o f th e Blue Ancher-rea.s“itors. very much to the accommodation o f the vl moat of Grecc f e ac i taa illls - length agreed to coerce the It is • -------------- satig t o o r y in a t k h i a n t e E s o n m g e l a partialnd sia have ' dis h .. e_2l, es io t fol . , t s b o, of the interest on the Greek loan ef --;4 0 Or contracted Powers 26 years ago, under the guarantee b o a to P r ; vide fors who have been left throughout the Pe,o fr° t the liability. The sum now to be extol'', _„a her is, however,l the t). Ai . actuallywent required is £167,187, to say nothing ' 3 ' 8- 0 0 13 ' her for past defaults. The other loans granted t ~,,. De to gain her freedom she has dishonoured (1,11,,i,r01ia: ' F r p a . n u e N e i ::213: e l ru e ' : whole existence as an independent Stat©• TheY vr'' t wit , ' pen en tiactcd r • respectively in 1824 and 1825, and now avi,ea?roace.,_ arrears to about £7,000,000. On these there is no ,iA OD the the many only security of the bo d ' b ' n holders mug of the Greek nation—a commodit which for rinAr has been ' entirely unmarketable. y ar' BMW"' 40 PETERHEA.D, —Nov.—The Agestina, ce .s s" o rived here from Greenland, tth following i to repor s e i . Int o I Arctic, two whales ; Abram, three w hales; whales; Sir Colin Campbell, two Whales' tre!"_ ,