The Sun. — London, England, 1869-09-20 00:00:00

EPILIA: OP TEE FURL 1O JOURNALS, The Times remarks that the Bishop of Exeter outlived everything that once made him famous and formidable. Length of days brought its gains and its losses. He long survived, and, lo doubt, learnt to regard with generous kindness the foes he resisted or provoked, the causes he denounced, the statesmen he defied, the clergy that rebelled against his discipline, the Primate he excommuni cated, the writers that lived by abusing him, and the Lords that would not listen to his harangues. He could afford to pity them all. It is true that among them they kept him at Exeter ; but, oven so, they were taken at their word, for they kept him there very long. After a long and stormy passage he drifted into calm, and for many years redeemed the fruit less toils of his more public life by devoting himself as well as he could to a diocese a hundred and forty miles long. He wrote upon many subjects, and whatever ho touched ho adorned ; but the touch was fatal, and the decoration that of the funeral obsequies. lie wrote and contended for Church and State, for the High Church sense of our formu laries and Articles, for the danger of tolerating Romish error, for the possibility of framing safe securities, for the exclusive right of the Church cf Engiand to the education of her children, for tho unpopular side of every question that has latterly divided the British Upon everything that he ever wrote of a political or polemic character it might probably be now inscribed that it was written to no purpor.e. tree judg ment of mankind, or simply the course of events, went the ether way. The fireworks were discharged, or the monster ordnance fired, and the foe heeded them net. We have done, or arc doing, or are about to do, everything that Henry of Exeter said ought net to bo done on any account, as we would stand the consequences. It is a comfort to be told that a bishop, who with all his faults was a true Englishmen, has done his proper work well. Cranmer made a good martyr when he could no longer help it, and when Dr. Phillpotts found himself chained to the remote capital of the West he did his duty there. Henry of Exeter was one of the personages of the day, and only did what everybody expected of him, though sometimes a little in excess of himself. The Post says that Dr. Phillpotts may be regarded as a self-made man, and he owed his promotion to his general abilities, but particularly to his special aptitudes for reli gious controversy. During the more active portion of his life, clever pamphlets on Church questions continued to issue in profusion from his fertile pen. Whatever may be thought of the late Bishop's views upon ecclesiastical affairs, they always bore the mark of sincerity and strong conviction. He did not spare his adversaries, but the charge of indirect and insincere writing or speaking is the last that even his least generous opponents would ever think of bringing against him. As it was only the other day that he resigned, under the now Act, his decease may be regarded as almost coincident with the termination of his episcopal career. It is nearly half a century since Dr. Phillpotts took his degree as Doctor of Divinity, and it is seventy years since he distinguished himself at college by his essay on the " Influence of Religious Principle," a work which, written at the age of eighteen, obtained the Chan cellor's prize, and gave promise of those great abilities which have since made his name so famous as a Churchman and a controversialist. The Herald declares that though a Churchman of so high and decided a stamp, Dr. PEillpotts was not, and never was, regarded as a Puseyite. The difference between him and them might be thin, but it was sufficient to become plainly cognisable by all. Perhaps one reason might be that his own intellect was too robust and self-asserting to fall readily into grooves marked out for him by another mind. His conclusions on all questions were his own, anc: the vigour of his own character was more likely to give the law to others than to take it from any one. It might have been expected, indeed, that as the earlier labourer in the field he would have been at the head of the new school o: theologians, so denominated, rather than Dr. Pusey or Dr. Newman. Had fate so willed it there can be no doubt that a different direction would have been given to Puseyism. But for the task of a leader of men Dr. Phillpotts had no aptitude whatever. The Daily News thinks that with the Bishop of Exeter we bid farewell, not only to the characteristic man of a. period, but to the period itself. His vigorous controversial pamphlets, filling sixteen pages with their titles, fitly occupy a place in the Museum Library, for the titles ar' the names of controversies which are extinct. They will 'is, useful only to the historians of his time, and they will serve to illustrate what a Bishop of the Church of England could be in the period before Reform. Dr. Phillpotts was in some senses the representative of a transition period. He embodied the new life and vigour of the Church, but embodied it in old forms. He was a kind of pioneer of the ecclesiastical revival, and his administration of his diocese will be regarded as one of the most remarkable in history. He has lived to an mg:, far beyond that usually allotted to man, and perhaps his test praise will be that after 39 years' administration d the poor Western diocese ho died Bishop of Exeter. The Star says that, as a Churchman who had the mood and capacity of a statesman, Henry Philpotis is not likely to be forgotten so long as the minor great men cf our times live in history; and it seems quite possible that in the times which are immediately before us—times expected by the Primate to be specially difficult for those who are involved in the fate of the Church of England—there will be many occasions when prelates and leaders of the Church will need qualities of which the Bishop of Exeter was an example. The first necessity of his life was ecclesiastical success ; the second was theological controversy; the third was an active share in politics. His abilities were usually misapplied, but they uniformly excited the admiration of intelligent observers, and they helped to make Church politics worthy of the interest and attention of the world. It has been computed, says the Standard., that 100,000,000 tons of coal would make a wall round the entire globe three feet wide and seven feet high ! Our yearly produce now exceeds that quantity. With such dimensions before us it does not seem unreasonable to fear a somewhat early exhaustion of our coal-fields. We certainly ought to guard against waste. It has been calculated that from 15 to 20 per cent. of the coal which nature gives us is wasted by the mode of getting it. Thus, in the course of about six years we may be said to waste, in connection with our col lieries, as much coal as would equal a year's entire con sumption. There is also a prodigious waste in the mode of burning coal, so far as the real utilisation of heat is con cerned. In an ordinary open fireplace at least three-fourths of the heat flies up the chimney. Imperfect combustion renders a considerable portion of the fuel worse than useless. The smoke from which our large cities suff.-.,r is merely a penalty on our prodigality. Nature is avenge d upon us. If we we waste her gifts she PlP:dues us for our folly. Blackened buildings, a murky s;,-m ea ph ere, peculiar compo s iti on o f a London_ fog, are and the simply retribu tive. But so rich is coal power that even our most skilful engineers are at - present a long way from getting out of a ton of coal, all the work th a t is in off it. There is power in coal ts) raise eleven million times its own weight a foot high. But no steam engine has yet shewn such a result, the best raising cnly a million rounds through a foot, though this result seems marvellous enough, and lies at the foundation cf our commercial supremacy. The Telegraph thinks the first result of the impending trial of the Albert Life Assurance Company may be to clear up everything that is doubtful in the position of all the three parties concerned. We shall get, it is to be hoped to the bottom of the causes that have led to the collapse ' • shall asce r t a i n a t w h a t stage the company ceased to be solvent, and shall learn whether any others than the individuals now charged were instrumental in giving th. Albert its final push downwards on the slope to ruin The broad facts already known are sufficiently painful An institution p os iti ve l y i nsolvent t7ansacted busi ness so long as it could mus'. - , r funds to pay pressing claims ; and to the tsst its authorised agents use language which induce,' a belief in its soundness. But a very calm and p.atii;is examination of fact, and motives Will be necessar; act or° we can decide upon the dividing line betweess mere over-sanguin e cJn fid ence, carelessness. or presrsinption, and the deliberate conscious intention to defraud. And there are many circumstances connected ith the laxities which have too generally been allowed to 'Creep into our English business practices, with the extreme complexity of the details in the present case, and with the Personal character of individuals involved, which make hope itself join in strengthening the doubts that must instantly be challenged by the very nature of the charge. The Daily Neu-3 considers that the Memorial of Lord Carllse has been very appropriately raised in the county to which he belonged, and which for some years he repre sented in the House of Commons. To some admirers more ardent than discriminatinL , , it may seem but niggardly praise to speak . of him as one cf the foremost cf the worthies of Yorkshire. They would claim for him a high rank among the statesmen cf England. It is true that Lord Carlisle in his time filed many high offices, and achieved r;reat popularity, uni;•ers - il esteem, and consider able distinction. Eat he Was never very much of a poli tician. lie went intl priLio life as he went to Oxford, because it was the thing for a clever young nobleman to ; and hip University and Parliamentary distinctions were much of the same character. The two phases of a statesman's life which prove 1113 real quality, the cnerry and pure se of mature manhood, and the mild, guarded, and comprehensive wisdom of old have nu pla,!e in the late Lord Carli , de's , r:0 wilco .ter n :•:'e in the zenith of L.ll :1111 Z:.11110 -, t t. Lord Carlisle ,nun, who sins also it 'met midis- Eaglislunan. His public services shed lustre on his country and his house, rather than form in themselves a very luminous portion of our history. The monument which has been erected to his honour in his native county has been very fittingly placed,commanding as it does the three Rhlings of the great shire, and overlooking the principal scat of the Howard family. The graceful tributes paid to his memory by Lord Wenlock, Mr. Cardwell, and Mr. Baines were marked by some natural exa , rgemtion. of Lord Carlisle's merits and services as a statesman ; but they did no more than justice to the private virtues of ono of . the parest, gentlest, and most generous of men. ;Z uric:A 1 1~ - i '1 i LAW AND POLICE. THE FOMEER GOV2IIXOII or Pr.NTorrvraz.—At BOW street, on Saturday, Captain Ninian Craig, the former governor of Pentonville Prison, was finally brought up, charged with embezzling £690, the property of the Govern ment. He pleaded guilty, and was committed for trial. He informed the officer who apprehended him at Liverpool that he had fully intended remaining in America, but that he had received a letter from his wife, saying that she and her children were starving, which induced him to return. A DISHONEST BETCHEIL—On Saturday a pork bucher, named Stevens, was fined £2O and costs, at Southwark Police-court, for exposing for sale a quantity of pork, beef, and bread unfit for human food. The inspector sound on the defendant's premises putrid meat and mouldy bread, laid in tubs ready for making sausages. A tits Boddy, the secretary of the Gas Con,inmers' Gas Company, was summoned at Southwark Police-court by the proprietor of a public-house for refus ing to supply him with gas, and the magistrate was asked to fix the amount of security to be deposited. Mr. Partridgp was of opinion that £4, the amount which had been asked, was an excessive demand, and dirested that the company should lay on tho gas upon receiving £1 deposit, and they must allow tho complainant intekost on that amount. A CismAN's FARE.—A person named r.canitn was brought up on a warrant at the Thames Police-court for refusing to pay a cab faro. He was arrested 'in a Leer house, and described himself as a builder. The cabman had driven him from Paddington to Bow, and the fare was Cs. He had also been put to subsequent expenses. Tho defendant's wife had given him a sovereign, and he expressed himself satisfied. The magistrate sharply rebuked Mr. Scanlan, who said he was a gentleman, and the affair was unpleasant to his feelings. The magistrate, advising him to make no pretensions as to character, dis missed him. PROSECUTION OF A STREET PREACHER. On Saturday Mr. Sampson Longmore, of Albert-street, Haggerstono, appeared before Mr. Ellison, at Worship street Police-court, to." answer a charge of obstructing the footway of a public thoroughfare, whereby an obstruction was cccasionod. Mr. Baxter, solicitor, appeared for the defence, on behalf of the Open Air Preaching Association. Police - constable Samuel Tobit stated that about seven o'clock on :the evening of Sunday, the 29th ultimo, he was on duty in the Mile-end-read, when he saw a crowd coming towards him. There was a pre cession of about sixteen persons arm-in-arm across the footpath, and they were followed by a crowd of mon, women, and children to the number of nearly 200. They completely blocked up the pavement, and ho (witness) saw several persons pass from the pavement into the road in order to avoid tho crowd. As they advanced towards him, witness saw the defendant arm in.-arm with another at the head of the procession, and tho defendant was beating time, with a book in ono hand, to lead the crowd in its singing. Witness stopped the defendant, told him that he had no right upon the pavement, asked him for his name and address, which he subsequently gave, and then the present proceedin g s o' were taken. This evidence received cor roboration by that of another officer. Inspector Gee stated to the magistrate that for some months past great complaints had been made by the inhabitants of the Mile end and Whitechapel roads of the constant assemblage of a number of itinerant preachers on a piece of waste ground standing back from but contiguous to the main thorough fare. There they " held forth " from an early hour on Sun day mornings until late at night, often until one or two o'clock on the following (Monday) morning. There were Protestants, Roman Catholics, Wesleyan, Shakers, Deists, Atheists, and men of every denomination congregated there, shouting out their opinions and various beliefs one against the other. Persons occupying houses overlooking or in the immediate neighbourhood of this spot, complained that they could not use the upper part of their houses, and the whole thing had become an unbearable nuisance, not only from this fact but another of equal importance-- the frequency of robberies from the person at such times. In answer to Mr. Ellison, the inspector said that the preachers stood close to the pavement, on the waste ground, which kept them without the reach of the law of obstruction, but the crowd which gathered round them stood upon the pavement. The magistrate was handed a numerously signed memorial, praying for an abatement of the " intolerable nuisance." Mr. Arthur Helsham, a medi cal practitioner residing at 33, Milo-end-road, entered In detail into the nuisance complained of, and said that the crowd gathered round his door on a Sunday night, rendering ingress and egress very difficult. Moreover, he was unable to• use the front rooms of the upror portion of his house in consequence of the shouting of the itinc rant preachers. Witness did object to street preach ing if it was a nuisance to the inhabitants. It was a nuisance to him. Was aware that thOpresent Arch bishop of Canterbury was a street preacher, but he should object to his preaching if he occasioned a nbisaaco to tho inhabitants. Many cf the bishops were also street preachers, but they, as well as the Archbishop of Canter bury, held their views upon theological subjects; so did he (the witness).-llft. John Symons said that on one occasion his niece left his house to pest a letter, fcr which purpose she had to pass through the crowd, and in a faw minutes returned minus her purse. The witness added that he did not object so much to the prisoner as to Atheists who preached. Ho objected most to a man named Heiken. The magistrate, remarking that Hebbon was not before the court, said he would certainly be fined if he did come. In defence, Mr. Baxter commented upon the man ner in which this case had been brought forward Ly the police. In the roughest and rudest manner these proceed ings had boon taken. All might have been saved if the constable had but pointed out to the defendant that by walking on the pavement in a procession he created an obstruction. They would then have gone into the road. He (Mr. Baxter) was sure that the magistrate would not lend the weight of his authority to put down street preaching which did so much good. Mon and women who would not go into a church were garnered by this street preaching, banded together in a crowd, and, led by .psalm singing, were taken to a theatr:l or public-hall, there to hear more preaching. Ti," i s work, which had continued for the last five years . on this ground, was now sought to be put down. Tr. Ellison said that there was no occasion. for Mr. Baer to call witnesses. The matter could well stop this point, the defendant clearly understrnding that le was not to obstruct the footpath or carriage -way. In the present existing state of things he (Mr. Ellison) was of opinion that street-preaching was desirable, but it must not be a nuisance. The summons could be withdrawn. The South London Press states that Mr. Spurgeon is rather seriously unwell. A. LAMENTABLE FACT.—On Friday morning the workmen employed at the powder mills of Messrs. Curtis and Harvey, at Hounslow, were examined as they came on the premises, and no fewer than fifty-eight of them Were suspended for having pipes and lucifers in their pos session. It is worthy of remark that the calendar of crime for the northern circuits this autumn is an uncommonly light one. There is only one case connected with Perth shire, that of an old thief, who has been sent into penal servitude. Aberdeen does not furnish even one ease. Morayshire has one case, and Inverness-shire has two; and Ross, Sutherland, and Caithness are without any crime. Though neither tho town nor county of Aberdeen has any case, however, there will be two tried there —one from Banffshire, and cue from Kincar dineshire. I" HODSON'S CHorcE."—ln Lord Eldon's "Anecdote Book" occurs the following ludicrous case :—"I was at the assizes'for Cumberland in seven successive years before I had a brief. It happened that my old friend, Mr. Lee, ' commonly called Jack Leo, was absent in the criminal court when a cause was called on in the civil court; and some attorney, being by that absence deprived of his retained counsel, was obliged to procure another, and he gave me a guinea, with a scrap of paper as a brief, to defend an old woman in an action for assault brought against her by another old woman. The plaintiff had been reposing in an arm-chair, when some words arising between her and my client, the latter took hold of the legs of the chair, and in fact threw the plaintiff head and heels over the top of the chair. This sort of assault of course admitted of easy proof, and a maid-servant of the plaintiff's proved the case. I then offered in court that a chair should be brought in, and that my old female client •hould place herself in it, and that the lady (the plaintiff) should overset the chair and my old woman, as she had 'seen upset herself. Upon the plaintiff's attorney refusing 'his compromise, the witness (the maid-servant) said that I her mistress (the plaintiff) was alway s willing to make up Ithe matter, but that her attorney would never allow her to do so; and that her 1111131*C33 thouzht that she must d o as her attorney bid her do, and hail no will of her own. 'So then,' observed Ito the jury, knowing that her attorney's name was Hobson, 'this good lady has had nothing for it but Hobson's choice. And pray then, gen tlemen,' I added, 'as the good woman wants no damages, and the cause is Hobson's, give him but a penny at most, if you please.' This penny the jury gave. When I recor d that in the same assizes I received seventy guineas for this joke, for briefs came in rapidly, I record a fact, which proves that a lawyer may begin to acquire wealth by a little pleasantry, who may weight long before professional i 21 4241. 1 9ed bid iut9 49tin Mid business.", TUE SUN, _LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 20, 1.`..09. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. iremature, and ho calls upon all the admirers of Beaks to send in their subscriptions at once.. He also warns the Government that if Mr. Beales' services should be overlooked the great mass of the people will never forgive it. inteneres with class movements, and there is little 4 ‘ holding together " among American working men. The chief point of unity among them is to be found in their support of Protection, as opposed to a policy of Free Trade. They believe that Protection is their best friend, and keeps wages high, thus drawing labour to their country. They declare that the Ameri can cotton-manufacturing industry sprang entirely out of the adoption of the protective policy. There is an active movement in favour of free-trade going on in tho Union, but it is looked upon with great distrust by the working classes. They say that the free-traders make the mistake of supposing that articles of luxury are as neces pary as articles of utility. So long as bread and meat aro cheap, what does it matte; they ask, what price is paid for ivory-handled knives. All must eat, but let thoso who want the addition of food " elegantly " cut up, rt - for the luxury, Alarming rumours have again been circulated with respect to tho health of the Emperor. It was said that he had a recurrence of fainting-fits, and that Dr. Nelaton had been sent for. The preparations for the Empress's departure are still kept up, and the alarmists aro told that the Emperor thinks himself worse than he is. A propos of the Empress's journey, it is said that when she has set out, tho Emperor will recall Prince Napoleon, whose departure was occasioned by the excitement produced by the discussion of the Regency question. M. Pe tetin, the director of the Imperial Printing Press, has paid many visits to St. Cloud. His department, it appears, is full of business, though it is tho dull season of the year. Every day great quantities of printed matter are sent to the public offices and to the Ministers. It is said that there is a good deal going on now in all the public offices, but no one seems to know what is the cause of the extra activity. The Presse declares that tho Emperor will open the Cham bers in person, at the Palais Bourbon, in order to connect him self more closely . with the customs of representative kingdoms. The Chamber of the Etats du Louvre, which has usually been the scene of the opening ceremony, has been joined to the Museum of the French School. The Princo of Wales has paid a short visit to St. Cloud. It is said that the French Government had intended to send a military commission to be present at the grand manoeuvres of the Prussian army. This proposal was not rejected by the Prussian Government, but was so coldly received that it was deemed expedient to allow the mili tary attache at the Prussian Legation to attend on behalf of tho Emperor. This coldness on the part of the Prus sians is attributed to the recollection of an affront put upon a Prussian visitor at the camp of Chalons. General Prim has again breakfasted at St. Cloud, and he seems just now much more pre-occupied about the Cuban affair than about tho question of a monarchy or a republic for Spain. The Emperor is, it appears, very anxious to arrive at a satisfactory settlement of the dispute between the Spanish and American Governments, and the General's visits to St. Cloud are chiefly occupied with this affair. Tho Journel Officiel of this morning publishes an impe rial decree, promulgating the convention concluded in May 1864 between France, Brazil, the republic of Hayti, Italy, and Portugal, for the establishment of an international telegraph line between Europe and South America. There has been an interval of five years between the conclusion of the treaty and its promulgation. I learn from the Carr csponclance d'Orient that a committee has been formed at Paris composed of some extreme Radi cal; and of partisans of Hellenic independence, with the object of translating the declaration of the Rights of Man into all the languages spoken in the East. They intend to distribute several thousand copies among the representa tives of each nationality. It has been remarked that this publication will be somewhat inopportune in a country where brigandage is far from being suppressed. Wednesday was the last day for the Camp of Chalons for this year, and already many of the officers have arrived in Paris. They all speak with confidence of the new weapon, in the use of which the troops are becoming very expert, seldom missing their aim at 600 metres. The Farcy gunboat, invented by the officer of that name, is the military wonder of the day. It draws little more than three feet of water, but carries with ease the new rifled gun, which is capable, it is said, of throwing a 2881 b. ball to a distance of 8,000 metres. The Farcy gunboat has been an object of great curiosity at Cherbourg. There seems to be some unfavourable influence at work among our marshals. Two more are seriously ill. M. Valliant, Minister of the Emperor's household, is the one, and M. Regault de Genouilly, the Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Guard, is the other. Prevost Paradol's communication to the Debuts has attracted some notice. The three measures which M. Paradol considers necessary to supplement the work of the Senatus-Consultum are :-1. The right of Councils General to elect their own presidents. 2. The right of municipal councils to elect their own mayors. 3. A reform of the electoral law. The latter suggestion would increase the number of Deputies from 3')o to 500. These reforms would be very welcome in their way; but M. Paradol is much mistaken if he thinks they would satisfy the people. Tho abolition of the obnoxious Article 75 "do la Constitution de Pan VIII." must certainly be among the immediate concessions, while the retention of arbitrary power by the Senate certain to be a fertile source of agitation and disturbance. The Public, M. Rouher's organ, calls for the immediate convocation of the Corps Logislatif since the postponement of the session only prolongs the political crisis and increases the responsibilities of Ministers. The Public attributes the delay to the " Mauvais Conseil" of M. Schneider. The Temps attributes it to the personal con venience of M. M. de Forcade, Duvergier, and Bourbcau. MONEY AND BUSINESS. (From the Springfield Republican, Sept. 4) Money continues easy, refusing to forsake the metro politan centres and go off to the South and West, despite the plaintive voices that have been so long calling it in those directions. The theories in regard to the necessity of a crop-moving fund, which regularly prevail upon the approach of harvest weather, have had the effect, how over, to make the money men careful of their liabilities, and have caused a tightening up of the loose screws that would not be amiss at any time. The announcement of the continuance of the bond-buying policy during Sep tember confirms the hopes of the New York bankers that the Government would be ready to ease the money market with further disbursements. As there are five Wednesdays in September, the purchases on these days will amount to $10,000,000. The fortnightly purchases will be $2,000,000, which will be * offset by the sale of $2,000,C00 of gold. The Government will also dispense about $14,000,000 of pensions, so that the entire amount thrown upon the market during the month will be about $25,000,000. The aid de rived by the bankers by this source must be largely fictitious, except in their own minds. Many of them have got in the habit of looking to the Government as a kind of mine, absolutely creating money and bring ing it to market. But of course the disbursements, on which New York relies, have first to be disbursed by pri vate individuals to the Government. The income tax, that, in the form of payment for bonds, appears in the New York market, was but a few days before drawn from the same, source, or from the same West whose needs it is now depended upon to relieve. The real necessity is that money should be detained from circulation among the people for as brief a time as possible. It is in this way that the management of the Treasury effects the ease of money. Considering, however, the volume of currency, it would seem as if the Governmeni purchasesswere absorb ing more attention than they really deserve from those who have to borrow and lend. The monetary community seems to have become thoroughly saturated with the idea that its immediate destiny is in the bands of Mr. Bout well, and depends on his spending the public money as' fast as he gets it. Under these circumstances the rates of interest depend on hopes and fears, often ill-founded, rather than upon the legitimate supply and demaml of commerce. There is another consideration that must off set somewhat the alleviation afforded to the market by bond purchases. Government bonds have greatly facili tated borrowing by affording a perfectly secure collateral. As fast as they arlarawn from the market, borrowers will have to obtain money on the strength of other loss secure stocks, and will probably have to pay a higher rate of in terest, corresponding to the greater risk. The New York Bank statement for the w‘rek ending the 28th of August, shows a decrease in loans of $1,729,024, in specie of $2,125,408, in legal tenders of $277,977, in deposits of $3,270,000, and in circulation of $28,362. Now York is unusually full of National Bank notes, the legal-tenders have been sent to other cities to pay for bonds sold to Mr. Bontwell at New York. Controller Hurlbut, suspecting that " all is not gold that glitters," has issued orders to the banks for a stricter account of their specie assets, compell ing a full statement, item by item. Tho stringency of money on the Pacific coast has been quite distressing and attracts considerable attention. The San Francisco Mint coins annually $18,000,000, or three-fourths of the coinage of the United States. Half of this is absorbed isy the Government for import duties and other taxes. The other $9,000,000 is not sufficient to moot the export demand of commerce, the wants of travellers, who in the aggregate carry off quite a sum, and the actual need of the community of a medium of exchanie. At this season of the year, when the greatest activity prevails on the farms and wharves, rccourso must be had either to the local Sub-Treasury to disburse its hoard or to New York for a return of coals to New castle. The Californians, therefore, ask Secretary Boutwell to open the vaults of tho Pacific Treasury to the public,keeping back a reserve of not more than $1,000,000, and allowing any one to deposit in New York, by tele graphing to his agent whatever he draws out in San Fran cisco. The Government would thus save from I to of one per cent. in freight, and at the same time favour both tho Atlantic wad rg9ific cornaluziti9fi. lacTOYOrl Cali fornia fails to produce bullion money enough for her own use, she must learn to do what the highest civilisation everywhere teaches, and that is to fall back on a paper currency. The present generation of Pacific financiers is hoping that the closer commercial relations established between New York and San Francisco, by the recent im provements in transportation, will result in introducing gold more generally into circulation in the East. If we mistake not, however, a paper currency generally drives out a metallic when the two come in contact. A compre hensive view of the state of the Money Markel throughout the Union affords pleasing evidences of the activity of business, and the enterprise of capitalists in embodying their money in profitable industries. When the require ments of the people compel the using of every dollar of money, and do not allow even the public funds to rest in their vaults but a few days at most, the activity of exchange is evident. The gold market, during the week, has been stronger. On Friday it was shocked up to two per cent. by the reported paralysis of the French Emperor, and its nerves have not become quieted since. On Tuesday and Wednesday it relaped into dullness, but has not yet dropped below 133. Ono of the curious features of this excitement was that the London market was not affected at all, and indeed seems not to have heat d the rumour, a - hi, h, nevertheless, came to us via that city. Somebody suggests that the Barings must have all been on the Thames watching the international boat race, an event that also well nigh suspended business in New York and Boston. The export of gold during the week was incon siderable, $168,000, mostly to South America and the West Indies. Government Bonds have steadily appre ciated, but are not yet up to the figures of a few weeks ago, Ton-forties and Currency Sixes coming the nearest to their highest quotations. Some of the calculators are of the opinion that the demand for $12,000 to be purchased this month will be felt quite extensively in the country, the New York bondholders not having enough to satisfy the requirement. There is a prevailing feeling that the foreign market is overstocked with American Securities, and the New York Times urges the reshipment of some of them to this country, as the Government would be very glad to get them at the lower premium that a greater supply would occasion. Of course such advice inspires our Jewish creditors with still more affection for us, and a greater determination not to release our debts on any very easy terms. The opening of the French Cable has also introduced our bonds more intimately to the Paris purse, and a decided increase in the dealings in them is reported. A large portion of the recent heavy purchases in London were on French account. European capitalists are rapidly learning to prefer the security and high interest of Uncle Sam's paper to the uncertain pro mises to pay of the rotten dynasties of the old world. French rentes especially are very uncertain property, de pending, as they do apparently, on the existence of one man, and he in precarious health. Every groan of the imperial invalid, every ominous shake of the doctor's head produces its demoralizing effect on the Bourse. The prin cipal interest of the stock market has centred around Erie and Vanderbilt stocks. It is generally thought that Erie has won the best of the western connections by its con solidation with Michigan Southern, thus driving Vander biltnorth to tho Michigan Central. Erie has also a line to the Mississippi river over the Toledo,Wabash,and Western. This road needs regeneration of some kind, for it has never yet paid a dividend on its large capital. The Pennsylvania Central road tried to get control of it, but was defeated by its owners. Fisk then took it up, and " with no trouble some constituency of dividend-expecting stockholders,' had purchased enough stock to control the road when the direction, true to modern railroad instincts, issued and kept possession of $2,500,000 more of stock. The injunction epoch followed, and then a compromise, ac cording to which $1,500,000 of the new stock was can celled and the rest divided equally between the two claim ants. From this accord of warriors after a battle sprang the consolidation of the road with the Michigan Southern, Lake Shore, and Erie. Under the prestige of this exploit Erie rose 3 per cent., but has failed to sustain the advance. Vanderbilt has not yet consolidated Central and Hudson, and everybody is disgusted in consequence. It is thought that under his present disadvantages the Commolore will have all he can do to pay promising dividends on the pre sent capitals of his roads, without issuing any new conso lidation stock. The election of a president of the North- Western in place of Henry Keep took place on Wednes day, and resulted quite unexpectedly in favour of Alex F. Mitchell, the Lockswood and St. Paul interests having united on-him. This is said to be another triumph over Vanderbilt, though in what way does not appear. Mit chell has recently purchased of Scotch capitalists the Western Union road, formerly Racine and Mississippi, and a consolidation of this with the other North-Western roads is expected to take place speedily. The Ogdensburg and Lake Chaplain Railroad, one of those which our Legisla ture gave permission to consolidate with the Boston and Lowell last winter, earned the last fiscal year $1,145,221 against $898,980 of the previous year. Of the larger sum, $356,939 was net, of which $208,922 is held over to begin the new year, and the rest has been paid out in divi dends. The foreign trade during the week has been largo, the exports from New York, besides specie, reaching $3,800,000, or almost one million more than during the same week in either 1867 or 1868. The imports elsewhere have been large. In domestic trade, dry goods sustain their high prices, first class woollens especially being in good demand. The business is light, however, as yet. Broadsluffs are brought forward fully as fast as they are needed, and have a downward tendency. The future of th flour market is so uncertain that dealers handle only small lots. Provisions are unchanged, live hogs continu ing dull. The crop of seed leaf tobacco seems to be good in Connecticut and Massachusetts, but that of Ohio has suffered from the drought, and that of Pennsylvania and New York is said to be of inferior quality. Gro veers are still hopeful therefore of realizing high prices for this and last year's crop, of which latter 24,000 cases have already been taken in New England. Connecticut wrappers of 1865, 1866, and 1867 range from 18 to 75c ; of the new crop, good to prime brings 60 to 75c ; medium, 35 to 45c ; ordinary, 28 to 32c, and fillers 11 to 15c. Messrs. Drexel and Co., the Philadelphia bankers, report as follows on Sept. 3 : Pennsylvania Railroad shares, 57 57; ; Sixes, Ist Mortgage, 98 98i ; Sixes, 2d Mortgage, 97 98. (From the Wall-street Journal.) FRIDAY EVENING, September 3. - The Money Market, although somewhat disturbed this morning, shows but little change, and borrowers wore accommodated at 7 per cont. on miscellaneous collaterals, and at 6 per cent. on Governments. Discounts are firmer, and for prime names the rates are 9to 12 per cent. Gold has shown many variations throughout the week, and to-day especially has been very excited, having opened at 1354 and closed at 1351. At the Government sale yester day of $1,000,000 gold proposals were received to the aggregate amount of $6,450,000 at prices ranging from 133 10-100 to 133 66-100. The whole amount sold was awarded in ono sum to Marvin Brothers and Co. at 133 66-100. The Treasury Department give notice that they will sell $1,000,000 gold on September 16 and 30, making $3,000,000 for the month. The following are the quotations for specie : Amer. silver... 961 to 971 f Eng. sous 485 to 483 Mex. dollars...lo3i „ 1044 20 francs 385 ~ 387 Eng. silver 475 , 480 Tholers Five francs .... 964 ~ 97 Foreign exchange has declined consequent on the ad vance in gold, and the business generally is on a small scale. Sixty Days. Three Days. London Bankers London, Prime Commercial lOBl-109 Paris, Bankers Bremen, Bankers liamburgh, Bankers 351-351 Frankfort, 0.3!. 4Ol-401 Berlin and Cologne Antwerp 5.20-5.16f Amsterdam, Bankers Swiss Government Bonds aro lower, and show a decline of to I per cent. on the prices of yesterday. Sixes, 1861, registered 123 to 1231 Sixes, 1888, coupon ' — to Sixes, 1881, coupon 1221 to 1231 U.S. Gs. Pacific Railroad llOl to 111 Five-twenties, 1862, registered 1221 to 122 Five-twenties, 1862, coupon Five-twenties, 1864, coupon Five-twenties, 1865, coupon Five-twenties, 1835, coupon, new Five-twenties, 1867, coupon U.S. 5-20 Coupons, 1868 l2Ol to 121 Ten-forties, coupon lll/ to 1111 Ton-forties, registered llll to 112 Oregon War Loan, Sixes, 1881 — to Railroad stocks are feverish and unsettled. Much ex citement has been created on the Street by the appearance of several certificates of the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad Company altered from one share to 100 shares, and this in so skilful a manner as to deceive the transfer clerk. In Miscellaneous Stocks, the leading business continues t 2 be in Pacific Mail and Western Union Telegraph. N. Y. Central xd 205 i Erie fludon Reading Mich. Central l3O Illinois Central Cleveland ,t 6 Pittsbrg lOBl North-West North-West Preferred 901 Canton..: 5 5l Rock Island Cleveland and Toledo -- Fort Wayne Pacific Mail BOl Atlantic Mail Quicksilver W. U. Telegraph Mariposa Preferred 11 Ohio and Mississippi 3lf Boston Water Power l4; Cumberland Bankers and Brokers — M & St. Paul M & St. Paul Preferred 87i. ,r and are pressed on the maErkxpet.ress Stocks are low Adams 35 to 36 11 to 11} 3, A l i e n r e c r h i a c n an ts F United States U sr n e in, ll o ts ld U S n to io c n k 62} to 62i Wells, Fargo, and Co lB to 18/ Railroad gold bonds are largely taken up both by homo and foreign investors. Those of the Kansas Pacific Rail way, Seven per Cents , the coupons of which are pay able in either Frankfort, London, or New York,. are selling rapidly. We note that the company is pushing forward its road, and that one hundred miles of the extension to Denver will be speedily completed. They are also engaged in reducing the grades on the part of the road already in operation, and aro mskiag .it in every respect a first class railroad. As soon as these im prtneolento axv 9cted, tiarcnigh pulogez 444 freight LOUD LIFFORD ON THE LAND QUESTION. The _Dublin Freeman publishes a long letter froin Lord Lifford, a Conservative Peer, on the all absorbing land question in Ireland. His lordship is unable to trace the analogy between the position of the tenant-at-will on Irish soil and that of the Prussian serf. His ancestor 200 years ago world never, he says, have purchased the family estate in Donegal had he not fully believed that he and his descen dants would hold it under recognised English law ; nor would the pre sen t occu pi er have improved it at the heavy cost ho has done. Everyone who has bought or sold property in Ireland for the last 200 years has held the same conviction. Assertions to the contrary, and demands for more than justice to the tenant in securing, to him his outlay, while they must deter men f rom investing in Ireland the capital so much wanted, are calculated to complicate the settlement of the land question ; the simple solution of which Lord Lifford believes would• be to secure to the tenant the value of all outlay made with the knowledge and not against the will of the landlord. This would be but just, and, opposed to no internal or economic law, would go far to promote practically what is called " fixity of t enure " in all cases but those of the very worst tenant. The end in question might be attained by so far altering the existing law as to make it pre sume that in Irel a nd the outlay has been made by the tenant, unless cause be shown to the contrary, enabling the tenant to recover the value of that outlay in the ordinary courts of law in case of evic tion, or of the termination of the tenancy in any way. AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS. Mr. Mechi, in a letter to the Times, good humouredly refers to the attacks that have been made upon his farming operations, and the doubts which in some quarters have been cast upon the statements of his success. "For twenty-six years," he says, "my farm has been open to public inspection, and mon who jinderstand their business as farmers can as well judge of the probable yield of the crops as either I or my bailiff, and although I was assured (when I began my improvements) by practical men that I should never grow enough on my poor farm to fill the great barn I had just completed, yet the barn was filled this harvest, and, in addition, twenty-one good corn and hay stacks show their agreeable proportions. No doubt those unfortunate farmers who are still shut up in little fields, with great trees and hedgerows, their land =drained, their dilapidated premises inconvenient and without steam power, and their farmyard manure well washed with the rains from untroughed build ings, can hardly realise the advantages arising from a totally different state of things." TILE ELECTION COMMISSIONS. The proceedings at Bridgwater were comparatively " tame " on Friday. A. draper said he supplied rosettes, " favours," and ribbons to Liberals at the last elections to the amount of £lO or £l2 ; and he expected to be paid by the party, but had not received any money yet. Various persons were called up, and admitted they had been bribed. One man confessed to having taken £3O from the Liberals to vote for thew, after having received. £l2 10s. from the other side to support Mr. Wes tropp. This man had obtained about £BO altogether from the various candidates contesting Bridgwater. Another person received last year £lO from the Liberals ; from which of them he did not know ; thought it was from Kinglalte, and voted for him and estropp. It turned out that the money had come from Vanderbyl. The witness expressed his regret that he had not carried out the tacit contract with Van derbyl. Other voters deposed to receiving sums of £lO, £l5, and £2O from the Liberals. One of them bad had £4O given to him at a previous elec tion. His memory, however, wanted refreshing, and the Commissioner gave him a night to think over the facts. At Bridgwater there was very little evidence given beyond what has already been stated. The Conser vative election agent told how an arrangement was made whereby a second Conservative candidate would be required to pay all the expenses—those of Sir Henry Edwards as well as his own. Mr. Sykes was to be requested to pay, and also to settle the out standing accounts of previous contests. There seems to have been a considerable sum owing at the bank. Mr. Glover, at the 1857 election, was paid 200 when he gave up. He was disqualified by want of property. The £2OO came from Sir Henry Edwards. THE EARL OF STRATHMORE AND HIS TENANTS. The tenants of the Earl of Strathmore having a year ago presented his lordship with his portrait, they have just been entertained at a banquet by their noble landlord. The Earl, in his speech, combatted the idea that the interests of the tenants were opposed those of the landlords. Their watch word should be " Unity and strength." Social meetings of the two classes were, in his opinion, of great importance as a means to produce that end. ARAIY REDUCTIONS. The _Broad trrou', while admitting that it is im possible as yet to form any idea as to how far the re ductions of next year will be carried out, looks for ward with some anicunt of certainty to the aboli tion of one or two colonial corps, notably the Cape Mounted Riflemen and the Royal Canadian Rifles. With respect to the former, it was stated, a few weeks since, that, unless the Cape authorities were disposed to take upon themselves the entire expense of its maintenance, seeing that it is a purely local corps, and is kept up entirely for the protec tion of the colonists themselves, the Secre tary of State for war would undoubtedly omit to include it in next year's estimates. The Cape authorities have refused to come to terms on the subject, and, consequently, all further appointment of officers, and all recruiting for the ranks, is ordered to be stopped, pending the issue of the 1870 Estimates. Nothing definite has been decided with regard to the Royal Canadian Rifles, so that it is possible that the Canadian Govern ment, having in view the chances of a still further withdrawal of British forces from the Dominion next year, may see the desirability of keeping by them that small support, which, in case of emergency, would form a rallying point on which their reserve forces might be brought to act. THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE. The Commander-in-Chief, according to the Broad Arrow, is still detained on the Continent by illness. His Royal Highness is understood to be sufferinf from an attack of gout in both knees. THE NATIONAL EDUCATION LEAGUE. The National Education League is prospering. It now numbers fifteen hundred members, many of them of eminence in the political and literary world. Com mittees are being formed in most of the Northern and Midland towns, and great general meetings are to he held on the 12th and 13th of October. The pro gramme of the proceedings is just published. On the first day, at the morning sitting, a report will be presented by the provisional committees, and the choice of officers and council will take place. A resolution will also be submitted authorisi9- the preparation of a bill embodying the principles of the League, for introduction into Parliament early next session. At the afternoon sitting papers will be read on the best system for national schools, based upon local rates and Govern ment grants. On Wednesday the morning and after noon sittings will be devoted to papers and discussions on compulsory attendance at school, and upon unsec tarian schools. In the evening there will be a public meeting in the Town Hall, the Mayor presiding. It is expected that Professor Fawcett, M.P., Mr. Jacob Bright, M.P., and other prominent advocates of education, will deliver addresses. A LADY'S GRIEVANCE.. The experiences of a lady amongst the cabmen at the Great Eastern Railway terminus on - her arrival late at night, accompanied by her little girl, in th e metropolis, are detailed in the Daily .News. Havinu to go to Uhelsea, ehe desired a porter to call a Han som ; but though several drivers were hailed, they refused to convey her. At length, . says the lady, "an engaged Hansom cabman beslde me asked, ' What does the lady want ?' Whilst I was answer ing him, Driver No. 10 approached, and in a tone such as that of which a witty judge once remarked ' that it wou ld h ave b een offensive from God Almighy to a black beetle,' jerked out, ' Where d o you want to go to ?' to which, when he repeated it more loudly, I replied, lam answering a man who speaks civilly.' This last called to' a neighbour to ask if he would take the lady,' when, no imme diate answer b e i ng e li c it e d, an d h ear i ng m y child again complain of c o ld, I i nqu i re d i n d es p a i r for the inspector. Whilst search was being made for him and after some further altercatio n b e t we en the porter andits driver, my portmanteau was placed on the top of cab No. 10. As I was about to step into it I gave mL_address, when the dri ver as k e d i n an i nso l en t t one , " ye give me to drive ye there ? ' I answered, 4 That is a question you have no right to ask ;' where upon ho answered with coarse emphasis ' Very well, I won't take ye then.' " Only by the opportune arrival of a policeman was the complainant able to p rocure a conveyance in which, with any degree of comfort, she could proceed to her destination. TIIE DEALES TESTIMONIAL. The recently appointed secretary of the Beales Testimonial Fund, Mr. George Howell, states that the committee have determined to keep the subscrip tion list open to give those who have not already done so an opportunity of " contributing their share towards compensating the late president of the Reform League for his pecuniary sacrifices in the cause of the people." Mr. Howell, thinks that the announcement through the Press that Mr. Beales had received an appointment under the present Government, has led many to withhold their contributione—__That announcement vretLeltogether THE MAST'EF, OF THE MINT. The office of Master of the Mint is vacant by the aeath of Dr. Thomas Graham, who filled the post for fourteen years. Dr. Graham, who was known as one of the most careful and painstaking experimental chemists in Europe, was a Scotchman by birth, and was educated at Glasgow and Edinburgh Univer aities. In the former seat of learning he occupied the chair of Andersonian Professor. In 1837 he was appointed Professor of Chemistry in London University, and held the appointment till Sir John llerschell resigned the position of Master of the Mint in 1856. Dr. Graham was then appointed to fill this important post. Among the discoveries by which he is honourably known is that of the law of the diffusion of gases, and some remarkable confirma tions of the new means of investigation by spectrum analysis with regard to tho constitution of the heavenly bodies. Dr. Graham was a fellow of the Royal Society and numerous other learned bodies. THE BYRON CONTROVERSY. The heated discussion about Lord Byron is raging more furiously then ever. The Times devotes some five columns to it ; and the various writers paint Byron as an angel or a demon as their opinions lead them. Fresh facts they have not discovered ; greater light they do not bring ; but they take up and turn over the story till one is led almost to doubt whether Byron and his wife were ever separated at all. One correspondent, however, is an exception to this rule ; Lord Wentworth has something to tell all those in terested in the Byron scandal, and his letter is thought the most important wo have yet had on the subject. The letter is intended to close the contro- Tersy ; in very fact it makes the whole thing more mysterious than ever. Lord Wentworth, Lord and Lady Byron's grandson, stated in a former letter that papers in his possession, written by Lady Byron, do not bear out Mrs. Stowe's story. It was replied that these papers were not the papers ; to these only the trus tees have access. Lord Wentworth, in return, affirms his full acquaintance with the history of Lady Byron, especially with the period of her married life, and separation. " The denial I gave of the truth of Mrs. Beecher Stowe's narrative rested on Lady Byron's own testimony, contained in those papers, to which (according to your leading articles) I have not access." Now this letter leaves us perfectly be wildered as to Mrs. Stowe's story. Did Lady Byron tell one version to a lady who was enjoined to keep it secret ; and leave another statement to her trustees ? And by what right has Lord Wentworth been admitted to read papers left to trustees, and only to be made public at their discretion ? SMALL BIRDS. The relative amount of good and evil affected by the smaller birds is a constant source of dispute, and the Field points out that opinions are formed accord ino• to the prejudice of the advocates rather than on evidence of a reliable character. An illustration of the fact has been made public. The tits are us ua lly regarded as insectiverous ; but it appears that one of the smaller species, the tole, has been seen in nume rous flocks near London attacking the filberts, per forating through the shell, and devouring the kernel. The contents of the stomach proved, under micro scopical examination, to consist almost exclusively of the fragments of kernels. The common nuts have been destroyed in a similar manner in some parts of Nottinghamshire. HOSPITAL CHANGES. When the time of the present Captains-Superin tendent at Haslar and at Plymouth Hospitals shall have expired they will, says the Army and Navy Gazette, be succeeded by executive officers, but these establishments will for the future be under the con trol of a medical inspector-general, subject to the supervision, as at present, of the authorities in London. TUE REVISED CODE. "A Certificated Schoolmaster," in a longletter on the English Education question, in the caitinns of' the Daily ,News, argues against the principle em bodied in the Revised Code. That principle briefly expressed is payment for results, and ought to be payment for work done. The most important results are exactly those which cannot be measured. Under the code, too, those schools are aided that need help least, and those unaided that need help most ; the amount of instruction for which it stipulates is insuffi cient, and it does not even attempt to supply the educational wants of large numbers of children who need education most. THE ATItATO. The passengers of the Atrato, now lying off South ampton, have addressed a joint letter to the Times on the subject of their imprisonment in quarantine. They deny that a single passenger has been ill. The only person who has been ill of yellow fever and has died being the steward, who was buried at sea on the 13th. All the passengers are quite well. PROSECUTION OF THE DIRECTORS OF TILE ALBERT INSURANCE COMPANY. We are to have another great commercial prosecu tion. The directors of the Albert Insurance Com pany are to be the subjects of criminal proceedings. At the Marlborough-street Police-court, on Saturday morning, Mr. Straijht, on behalf of cortain share holders—among them Mr. Lee—applied for sum monses against the directors of the company, and also against Mr. Kirby, the late manager, for conspiring to defraud. The summonses were granted ; and on Saturday next those gentlemen to whom they are addressed will have to answer at the bar of the court. FOR•EIGN NOTES.;± M. DE MOLTKE. The influence or Herr von Moltke is said to be steadily increasing at Berlin. Tho head of the Prussian Staff Office considers Count Bismarck's policy pusillanimous, and indulges in visions of a triple alliance between Russia, Austria, and Prussia. The Anglo-French Alliance would not, he believes, be able to withstand a united Germany. PRINCE CHARLES OF ROUSIANLt. Prince Charles of Roumania has met with a very cordial reception at Vienna from the Emperor Francis Joseph. He was to proceed from Vienna to Berlin, and pass thence to Paris, Brussels, and Copenhagen. There is a rumour of a marriage being in contemplation between him and the Princess Thyra. TIM PRINCIPAL IN MADRID. The volunteers having left the Principal in the Puerta del Sol at Madrid, the authorities havi:destroyed all traces of its occupation as a military post. The people do not trouble themselves much about the matter, but the Volunteers themselves are most dissatisfied, and attach blame to their commander-in-chief, Don Nicolas Rivera, for the part he has taken in their removal. AtrSTRI.LN POLAND. Thera are rumours at Vienna of a union between Hun gary and Galicia. This union, it is thought, would tend to reconcile Austrian Poland with the Cisleihanitua Govern ment, and tho compromise would bo welcomed by the Poles. Prince Czartorisky, it is said, is one of the most zealous promoters of this alliance. INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS AT TRH lIAGITE. The seventh meeting of the International Statistical Congress of the Hague has closed its sittings. It was divided into five sections, the first being devoted to the theory of statistics; the second to civil and commercial justice ; the third to finances and banks ; the fourth to commerce and fishery ; and the fifth to colonies. The _latter question possesses great interest in the Netherlands. A noticeable feature of the Congress was the presence of a Hindoo statistician. AMERICAN TARIFFS. Complaints have been made of the sharp practice of the Custom House authorities in New York, who demand duty on the invoice ccst of tea from Ergland, plus tho English duty, which the goods have not I aid. A similar course is adopted with respect to the duty on malt im ported at Chicago, from Canada. By this rule the effects of the high American tariff arc greatly aggravated, to the injury alike of foreign merchants and American p.m,- Burners. CUBA. The Spanish Government refuses to publish the note of General Sickles, which contains a remonstrance on the part of the American Government couched in very strong terms. The note declares that if the American authorities had acted on recent precedents, they would have recognised the Cuban trasurgents as belligerents long ago. The growing force of public opinicn in favour of recognition may, it is added, be too strong for the Government to resist. The manner in which the war is conducted is censured in the severest style, and the case of some American citizens is cited who were executed cn suspicion. Allusion is made to the injuries occasioned to American interests by the paralysation of the trade of Cuba. Some of the Madrid papers have questioned the right of the United States to recognise the Cuban insurgents, and think it would be a violation of inter national law for them to do so. WCOHEING CLASSES IN THE UNITED STATES. In his 'fifth letter to the Spectator Mr. Robert Ccningsby makes some remarks on the factories of the United States. It is, ho says, illegal to employ very young children in these places, but the practice is very widely followed, and is partly accounted for by the scarcity c f labour. A good example is set by the managers of the Pacific Mills, in Lawrence—the largest in the Union—for they never permit a single child to enter their doors. Co-opera tive stores do not flourish in America ; the management is uncertain, and the numbers change frequenely; a distinguishing feature cf the American work man is restlessness, and one man in his time plays many rata on the gtagilonhe New World. This state of things 7.< trains from Leavenworth will be put on the road. Tl ° Seven per cent. Gold Bonds of the New York and Osweg ° Midland Railroad Company are also selling rapidly. Their bonds are secured by First Mortgage, and the fist ( is limited to $20,000 per mile of road actually built audio running order. N. Y.lCentral 6s, 1883 91 N. Y. Central Os, 1887 N. Y. Central Gs, R Est 87 N. Y.:Central 6s, Sub'n 87 N- Y. Central 7s, 1876 100 N. Y. Con. 7s, con. 97 Erie Ist Mort Ex 9B Erie 7s, 2d Mort, 1879 96 Erie 7s, 3d Mort, 1883 9o} Erie 7s, 4th Mort, 1880 B2 Erie 7s, sth Mort, 1888 77 Long Dock Bonds Buff. N.Y. &E. lstM,77 B9 Hod. R. 7s, Ist M, 99 llud. R. 7s, 2d M, 'B5 102 Harlem Ist M, '6B '72 100. Mich. C. Ist M, 69'72 130 Mich. new Ist M Bs, 'B2 128} Mich. So., 7p. c. 2d M 92 N. Ind. Goshen Line '6B Mich.S.&N.l.S.F'd7p.c. 98 111. Cen. 7 p. c , '7O 119 k Alton &T. Ist 911, Alton &T.H. 2d pfd 811 Alton & T. H. 24 M. Inc. 76 Han.& 81.3.LsndWrnts1081 Ilan. & St. J. Con Chi. B. & Q., Ist M 108 Chi. & N. West, S. F 93 Chi. & N. W. Con Cony 9414 Chi. & N. W. Int B B9 Chi. & N. W. Ist M 9l Tol. & Wab. 2d M-Ex. 841 Tol. & Wab. Equip 7 „ S t Gt. Western 2d M '93 8 1, 5 Mil. & Pr. du Ch. Ist M Gal. & Chic. Ext 9l Gal. & Chic. 2diAl Chi. & R. I. Ist 31 100 Chi. R. I. & Pacific 7's 941 Cleve. & Tol. S. Fund "Q "' N. J. Central Ist M 9 ' N. J. Central 2d M l o 9i Pitts. Ft. W., & Ch. Ist M 10 2 Pitts. Ft. W. & 011.2 d M 97 Pitts. Ft. W.: Sc Ch. 3,1 M , 9 ,* t Cleve. & Pitts., 4th Chic. & Alton, S. F. Inc. ~ Chic. & Alton, S. F. Ist3l. 9 ; 1 Mil. & lst 31..• 9 ,,t 1 & St. Paul 2d Marietta & Cin. Ist 31 Morris & Essex Ist Morris & Essex 2d hf Joilet & Chic. Ist M O"'", Chi. & Gt. East'n lstM N. Y. &N. 11. Gs ..... 1 Dubuque &S. City,lst M. 9 „` Peninsula Ist 31 Ohio & M .... iss. Ist 31 Ohio & Miss. Con Tol. P. W. Ist M. E. D Sa ' Atlantic & G. W. 2d K TUE PUBLIC DEBT OF THE UNITED STATE S ' Decrease since Aug. 1, $5,604,231; since March 1, 1869, $49,500,758. The following is the official statement of the pill debt of the United States, on the Ist day of Sept., 1 .,;:j compared with the figures given at the corresponding last year ; DEBT BEARING COIN INTEREST. Sept. 1, 1868. Sept. 1186g' Five per cent. bonds 5221,588,400 $221,58 9, , 0 0 Six per cent. bonds of 'Bl 283,477,300 283,67 7, 74 Six per cent. 5-20 bonds Total bearing coin in. 00 DEBT BEARING CURRENCY INTEREST. 80 0 0 0 Three per cent. certificates $62,205,000 $50,4 , Three year corn. in. notes 10,595,410 Navy pension fund noo Total bearing cur'cy in 585,800,410 $64,78"q 3 i Matured not paid DEBT BEARING NO INTEREST. United States Notes 5356,021,073 Fractional Currency Gold Certificates 25,161,520 23,6 4 1 9 Total bearing no interest $412,894,911 $110,4/ RECAPITULATION. e • at 9 ‘ , O )36,4 Debt bearing coin interest $2,096,491,750 $2,107, 98 00 Debt bearing currency int't 85,800,410 64, 78 ' 4 ' 1 95 Debt bearing no interest 412,984,911 410,4 7 486 Matured debt not paid o so Total 82,607,942,285 $2,587, 83 „ 9, 0 Bonds issued to Pac. ER Co 35,314,000 60,8 6 " Grand Total AMOUNT IN T S IIE 2, 6 TRE 43,2 A 5 5 6 u ,2 1t 8 y 5 . 0 $2,648,69 9,4° $92,579,901 8101,21:,,461 4 , 4 , Currency 15;071;071 -12, 11- 63 u Sinking fund 14, 00 , 06) Other purchased bonds 13 3 1 ' Total in Treasury 5107,641,972 8150, 6 -0 Debt less cash in Treasury 2,535,614,313 2 , 498,0 08, Decre l ase B6B 87,8, of the National Debt since S e pt. nr, l 0 1, VARIATIONS FROM LAST YEAR. I•o 6 ' ° Increase. D e e. Debt bearing coin interest 611,414,550 Debt bearing currency lute- ~6 4 1( ) 11- rest Debt bearing no interest 2 ,5 1 k4 Matured debt not paid 01 The following table compares the Sept. statele e ls y o f the public debt with the previous one made on the August : DEBT BEARING COIN INTEREST. 1 86 ,0 9 ' Aug. 1, 1869. Sept. 1, ,A, 4i-J, 0 Five per cent bonds 5221,589,300 $221,,-, /, 60, Six per cent bonds of 'Bl 1,602,664,400 12 0 : 2 2!„./ 9 ' Six per cent. 5-20 bonds 036 r Total bearing coin interest $2,107,931,300 $2,107,- - , DEBT BEARING CURRENCY INTEREST. A ,0,6 t Three per cent. certificates $59,810,000 $5u, n 1 500 11 " Navy pension fund 14,000,000 14 '`i: 0, 000 Total bearing curr'cy int't $64,810,000 . $642 _ter Total 4,790,056 ' 1 " - , g o Matured, not paid DEBT BEARING NO INTEREST. c 111, 30 United States notes 5356,116,710 $35.,- Sr 31,030,300 813 '11 1 7 1' , Fractional currency Gold certificates _..----- n 95 -- , a Total bearing no interest 5423,872,859 s4'-v, -474,' ,4 RECAPITULATION. ‘ .06 3U" Debt bearing coin interest $2,107,931,300 $2,107,;;,30:01/ Debt bearing currency inte't 64,810,000 64,i ;:4, 19) . Debt bearing no interest 423,872,859 • 4 1 °1 1 0,4' 4 , Matured debt not paid - - 7 - 839 P Total 52,601,404,215 $2,58 1 , , Bonds issued to Pacific Rail- a n 6 09 j :3 ' road Company ---,-;o.4°' Grand total 52,662,564,535 $9,64 8 ,°' - 56 Coin AMOUNT LN TREAS URY . , m 21 4, ,51 5 103,131 , 61 1 $`"'14 , 410 Out rency 23,38 1 ,651 12, 0 8, Sinking fund Other purchased bonds Total in Treasury 5153556002 $ 198 14 ,°°6 ft,° Debt less cash in Treasury 2,508, , 708, , 533 2,' 0 1 *Decrease of the national debt since Aug. 10, , 70V 1, 1869 VARIATIONS FROM LAST MONTH. e se" Increase. De ct ,;;; Debt bearing coin interest 550,000 '''''''''''''''' Debt bearing currency int'st g 6 137 3 1 0 Debt bearing no interest 1 4 ,1• Matured debt not paid ''''' * In this statement no mention is made of ace - t d CO' d terest, and the bonds issued t) the Pacific RMlN n oo rdi", pany are calculated as part of the public) debt. it e uo d , ',l to the report of Treasurer Boutwell, who adds ac e : be to i t i ; i terest and ignores the bonds issued to that road , ' oo pt debt exhibits a decrease during the pastmonth ar il to $5,604,234, CO Y Ag • The International Land and Labour so tbe lately established at Birmingham, England : has ail d e , tical as well as a practical side, and proposes to nn . 00 ,0‘; a cheap and easy exchange of all ki n ds of prodan ti f c y ea r tural, mechanical, and literary, as well as of l an d di e t labour. Books, copyrights, money ; flower n° o to 4, 0 1 44 seeds; cuttings from fruit trees for grafting'', 1 . 0 0 0 English horticulturists may introduce into the ir .,: or tbe r o the Baldwin, Seek-no-Farther, Greening, and " 4 V t° ni 0 Spy, in exchange for their Blenheim Orang e, e , i , Pippin, and others," are among the objects of its ca ,„ of will also endeavour " to promote an interchanb - b olia" ' d cl, song-birds of the two countries, so that the b° le' . Vag , r 9 robin, and bluebird way sing their best songs in o . tlic, i e and the English robin, lark, thrush, and linnet sins el the in America ;, so that the same sweet musiciso't, i', heavenly city may be common to both nations, " of tt' s morning and evening tongue to the s ymphoole ° o t /1 perpetual peace and brotherhood existing be t , s , Vo / two great families of the English-speaking race. a pill LADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's Ointment an i o to or d Relief and Remedy.—lt is useless here to eatn t r iie g c mi ti' l question how this ointment works such astouo, seo fv o V of all descriptions of sores, ulcers, bad lege, an u offere r or scrofulous eruptions; sufficient is it for all n u rei re s t e know that the united testimony of thousands P:, ,A, healing powers of Holloway's ointment, and ear 0 ~.- " e , , f commends its trial to all afflicted with then ~ 311P,i 0, When this treatment is once commenced the °as' ~ tIP,i7 fort it bestows will induce its steady continuan i %vo'%i cure is completed. A vast advantage in using 4 1, 0 fl °c „, e widely appreciated medicaments arises from 'OOO their requiring neither confinement nor much 01° diet, to exert their unfailing sanitary effects. _ o o4 l , l ' i lyiC! [AD YERTISEMENT.j— Henceforth no one will doubt t t °l o, A i ;i0; 1 0 properties of Du Barry's health-restoring Revalc i 'd Di e j fi,e Invalids' and Infants' Food, since to the thousands - Do pi)) it has already received from Invalids whose positiOss ths e r j o deemed hopeless, we may now add that of his Hollit r ol o t A te ) , ,o whose health has been perfectly restored by it after t ~ Gal e P unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote from the del"? Midi," July 25th:—" Rome, July 21,1866. - The bea lt otli et ,4 ° o9 l ' Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning a ll 's go pi.) dies, he has confined himself entirely to Du BarrY o velt,,Vo Arabic°, Food, of which he consumes a plateful a% D eft 0 o f It has produced a surprisingly beneficial effect ea it ig id,l'al 6 :o l his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too !-` . 57 . , , ii1:!", extract a few out ofmore than 68,000 cures : _Cure i r c oscollo , the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' 1iv.,, e ,, pal,P o s l , ,9 wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a newe r P',, d',1,0 all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, au," r j tool, tolerable nervous agitation. Cure No 1,771: ..,. s . (.13k00 Docies, Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of many Yea' ro ill:lo7 No. 49,832: "Fifty years' indescribable agonY fr° oo9 , :ot nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, ilat ule 40' 4 1 0 pir sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Toly." Cure I s lT e ass os , i l e, James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 p artial deaf spng of blood, liver derangement, and partial . 0a sa , . portent Caution—Beware of the many unsavourYl i i m,rea 46. sloppy imitations to which, without authority , 9' f 0 0!,,,, , ,, name is most In audaciously attached. ti ns, at 18 lid; 1 lb 2s 9d; 2lbs 4s 6d ; 5 lbs 1 11 CIO - 2 4 0 5 ,0 21 lbs 40s.—Also Du BARRY'S REVALENTA A.RAI I ; c .; O , iOr„0 $l POWDER is packed in tin canisters: for 12 cups a" 5 - 7 6 caY o re 0 at 3s 6d, for 48 cups at 6s, for 288 cups at 305, f"': , tif o o ,c 0 —being about one penny per cup. The 30s and , " oft wo , 4 oo ; free of carriage in England on receipt of post - t I,o o° BARRY Do BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-etre° , all Grocers and Chemists ....•■•• 4 118 BIRTHS. gi a l ‘ n 1 13ENTHALL—On the 17th inst.. at 31 , Bl a ndfor" — or wife of W. H. Benthall, E s q., of a s on. Noun's—On the 17th inst ~ at Anglesey, Norric, ofC Norric, of a daughter. bee r .MARRIAGES. ffrymf it et -J RiciuttoNn—BßucE —On the 16th inst., I,o* dare, Douglas Close Richmond, Es at Da of q., Folo i o, e 4 house College, Cambridge, to llargoet -, Cee r. M illi W s n . so W N daughter of the Right Hon. 11. A. Bruce, iu• 3, Of Buc ks, to ri ti l'atiil' — iis S on E , LL E s s — q. () , onfthßouillibthhamin,st., at Guild,forueolliori eldest daughter of Thomas J. Sells, Esq.. cf ti army. D f ' DEA TBS. are, ci o BROWN—On the 16th inst., at 14 , Nicholl-s0 Henry Brown, aged 60. 00. 91 V4l o tO EWEN —At Long Sutton, Lincolnshire, 110 011 in o F.R.C.S , aged 65. t i Pr li d ouNuu—On the 17th inst., at 15, LTart-51P3e bury, Thomas Horner, aged 81. J '. ~,f AN 9l :6 j' London: Printed and Published by WILLIA_, ill, - of" of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tee SON Office ,N ° l i i iadi e in the Precinct of the Savoy, is the Volta/ of Alsgday, September 20, 1559. Coin