The Sun. — London, England, 1869-02-03 00:00:00

EMIGRATION IN THE YEAR 136; ......,• ''.......4.. The number of emigrants who left the ports of tile United Kingdom at which Government agents are stationed in the year 1863 was 192,344 ; from other ports 8,977. Of these 196,321 emigrants, 58,268 were English, 14,954 Scotch, 64,961 Irish, and 51,956 foreigners; the 'origin of 6,183 not being distinguished. In 1867 the total 'dumber of emigrants was 195,953, including 88,622 Irish. In 1868, 155,532 sailed to the United States, pf whom 57,662 were Irish ; 21,058 to the North American colonies, 12,809 to the Australian nolo )2ies, and 6,922 to all other places. Out of the numbers bound for the United States 109,109 embarked at Liverpool, 25,624 embarked at Cork, 7,057 at Londonderry, 9,160 at Glasgow and Greenock, and 3,616 at London. Of those bound for the North American Colonies, the greater part (15,532) embarked at Liverpool, while those bound for the Australian Colonies embarked at English ports in the fol lowing proportions :-Liverpool, 2,749 ; London, 5,746; and Plymouth, 2,865. More than half of the emigrants in 1868 are comprised under the following heads of occu pation or condition-General and agricultural labourers, 10,515 ; children under 12 years of age, 38,416, of ►vhom 9,096 were infants under one year of age : married Women, 23,597 ; female domestic servants, 8,592 ; farmers, 7,253; miners and quarrymen, 8,501 ; gentle men, professional men, and merchants, 7,171; car renters, 2,553 ; tailors, 951 ; clerks, 790 ; smiths, 712 ; spinners and weavers, 381 ; seamen, 278 ; and coal miners, tB9. Out of the total number of emigrants, 44,309 were married-viz., 20,712 males and 23,597 females ; 107,468 were single adults, of whom 74,053 were males and 33,415 females. The excess in the number of emigrants in the year 1868, as compared with 1867, under certain occupa tions, was as follows :-314 agricultural labourers, gardeners, carters, &c. ; 186 braziers, tinsmiths, white smiths, &c. ; 223 bricklayers, &c., 260 coalminers, 2,859 miners and quarrymen, 639 smiths, 159 male domestic servants, 187 engineers, and 55 printers. The number of female domestic servants who emigrated was nearly the same in each year. It is deserving of remark that to •very 10,000 of population in 1868 in each division of the kingdom, 27 . 8 persons emigrated from England and Wales, 48 . 3 from Scotland, and 121'2 from Ireland. The returns shew that the emigration of 1863 was smaller than In any of the four years 1863-66, but exceeded that of 1867 by about 360. Glancing at the nationality of the different classes, it is seen that there was an increase in the emigrants of 1868, as compared with those of 1867, of 2,774 English, 2,088 Scotch, and 20,763 foreigners, while among Irish emigrants there was a large decrease of 23,661. ANTIDOTES FOR, SNAKE POISON'. The Daily News says that the announcement, nade a short while ago, that the Maharajah of Travancore had offered a prize of 1,000 rupees, which was subsequently augmented by the Prince Rama to 1,750—in round numbers, £l5O--- for the discovery of a certain antidote to the poison of the cobra, has stimulated many rscent experimenters to investigate the action of .. make poisons in general upon man and animals. the discovery of an antidote is a matter of extreme t moment as regards India, when we consider the number of natives who fall victims every year to snake-bite in 11:cted especially by the cobra di capello, the " hooded " or " spectacled" snake of Southern India. There are 2,108 -7eaths actually known to occur on an average each year from this cause in India, in the Punjab, and Oudh, The :daily News relates the results of some experiments by Dr. 'short. He discovered (to make a long story short) that all the native antidotes were failures ; that their legends as to the mangoes° being unsusceptible to the cobra bite were groundless ; that their herbs were of non-effect ; and that the " snake stone" was a delusion and a snare. Other antidotes have been suggested, not only in India but elsewhere, without number, but none have been proved to be of any use. The one which seems to have made most impression on the public mind is that suggested by Professor Halford, of Melbourne, viz., to inject ammonia into the blood ; but one of the cases of Dr. Halford, in which this seemed to act beneficially, is open to criticism in several points. In the first place, his patient was bitten by an appas rently dead snake ; and it is well known that the venom of snakes which are exhausted or weakly loses much of its virulency. Then the professor was not called to the case till the man had probably been treated by stimulants, which are known to be very useful. however, the injection of ammonia into the veins of gags bitten by poisonous snakes has seemed to act disfactorily. It is important that we should s • is it... ns os s. Sc A ns f4alia, which is the reptile which has bitten Dr. Halford's patients, is poisonous. We know that cobra bites are fatal as yet, and it would be well to test the ammonia plan upon that snake. And it must also be noticed that the is needed is a specific - Wai — eFe&tVeitry .moment's notice, especially in the case of cobra bites in India. The free use of strong stimulants has appeared to act effectually, in connection espe cially with sustained exercise. An interesting case is recorded by the late Dr. Spilsbury, of Calcutta. 11:s servant was bitten by a cobra. Dr. Spilsbury at once ordered out his buggy, tied the man's arms to the back of is, and this being done he took the reins and drove at a fair pace for some miles, the man running behind. The result was that the bitten individual at the end of the journey was profusely perspiring, and much exhausted. Strong doses were then given, and the man was still kept at gentle . exercise. Recovery followed. It is thought that by the means employed the action of the heart, which is paralysed by the poison, is kept going by the forced exertion, as Dr. Hood styles it, whilst the skin sweats out the poison from the body. The bene ficial effects of alcoholic stimulants, such as whisky, administered in very large dens, have been constantly ehewn in America, in the case of bites by rattlesnakes. All the attempts which have been made to discover a specific antidote are to be highly commended. They have done something already, but we must wait yet longer in patience till science shall disclose the secret we so much desire. LAW AND POLICE. A RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—Tuesday was the first day of kfter Term Nisi Prius Sittings in the Queen's Bench, and the list contains 268 causes, about 60 of which are marked for special juries. An action for negligence was brought by the Great Western Railway Company against the Thames Ironworks Company, arising from an accident during the construction of the new Dead Meat Market. An iron girder fell on a passing train, killing two or three passen gers, and seriously injuring others, besides smashing the carriages. The defendants denied the responsibility on the ground that they had sublet the work. A verdict was taken for the plaintiffs, subject to a special case. A COMPENSATION CASE.—In the Court of Common ?leas, on Tuesday, a surgeon sued the Great Northern Railway Company for compensation for injuries sustained by his son, a boy between six and seven years of age. The lad was crossing:thePray's-inn-road, when he was knocked down by a railway van driven by one of the servants of the company. He was severely hurt, and amongst other in. juries, one of his hands was so crushed that amputation of two fingers was necessary. The jury gave the father £l,OOO. EXTENSIVE EMBEZZLEMENT.—At the Central Criminal Court, John Henry Payne pleaded guilty to a charge of embezzling more than i'2oo, the property of his employers, 'White and Co., wholesale tobacconists. He was sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment, with hard labour. AN EFFICIENT CONSTABLE.—Two burglars were ~.,tt• tenced at the Central Criminal Court to ten and seven years' penal servitude. They had committed a bur glary near 'Uxbridge, and a mounted policeman upon the discovery rode tf, the railway station to make inquiries. He met the prisoners with two others in a light trap, and his suspicions being excited he detained them, and suc ceeded in capturing two of the four, though he was himself unarmed. Their guilt was clearly proved, and the Recorder ordered the officer to receive a reward of Z. EIGHTEEN YEARS AGo.---The charge against a respect able Bilk weaver of Spitalfields, of appropriating bank notes lost in his house eighteen years ago, was on Tues day again before Mr. Newton, at Worship-street Police court. Some further evidence was given as to the identity of th e log notes ; but th e difficulties arising from the lapse of time appear almost insurmountab . e. The magistrate, however, further adjourned the hearing for fourteen days. A trades union dispute has broken cut tit the Denaby Main Colliery, near Mexboreugh. /bout a hun dred of the miners—ote-third of the number etuploy.-d— -recently joined the South Y..kßiiire Ass ; am! ai this is, a butoch of the cundit:ons on wh7ch they were engaged, the whole of the Won mien got notice tg . quit. On Friday, Ito wev. r, th man Aging proprietor statA that ho would withdraw the notices previously Lut expressed his intuition of posting another, giving a month's notice to all the woritmen, both unioniers and non-uuienist,, and at the end of flat thus Only those not belonging to the Miners' Association, and who - will sign a declaration that•they will not join it, are to beicontinued in the firm'. employ. Those who continue to occupy their cottages after the expiration of the week's notice rya to be charged doubl,, rent. For a number of years the 2-tile at the colliery ha been that none of the men shall belug to a trade union,, aria up to a short time ago this condition as without any hesi tation Complied with. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. SUDBURY SPRING MEETING. TUESDAY. The Trial Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 30 ad weight for age, with maiden allowances ; winner to b 3 sold for 50 sovs. One mile. 4 subs. Mr T. Waltham's Colonel P., by Thormanby—Ellen Horne, 3 yrs, 7st 01b (Butler) 1 Mr T. Read's Sweet Boy, 5 yrs, 9st 81b ...(Sherrington) 2 Tho Palm Leaf's dam filly and Little Coates also rau. Betting-6 to 4 agst Little Coates, sto 2 agst the Palm Leaf's dam filly, and 3 to 1 agst Colonel P. The Two-Year-Old Stakes of 5 sovs each, with 30 added ; colts, Bst 1 Olb ; and fillies, Bst 71b ; selling allowances. Half a mile. Mr W. Goodwin's Mousetrap, by Vedette—Mouser (130), Bst (J. Goodwin) 1 Mr M'Gee's Hyndhope (X3U), Bst (Butters) Mr Golliver's Candour (X3O), Bst 31b (Ponfold) 3 Avo❑ Glen also ran. Betting-6 to 4 agst Mousetrap, 9to 4 agst Hy-ndliope, and 4 to I. " bar two." The Sudbury Handicap of 5 soya each, with 40 added; winners extra. Two miles. Mr G. Reynolds's Nannie, by North Lincoln —May, 5 yrs, ist 61b (Prior) 1 Mr Rovers's Poleaxe, 4 yrs, ist 71b (Barker) 2 Mr Norris's Vision, aged, ist 121 b (Chambers) 3 The following also ran :—Whitworth, Mathilde, La Sorrentina, and Honour. Betting-2 to 1 agst Nannies 5 t..) 1 each agst La Sor rentina, Whitworth, \lathilde, and Honour, and 8 to 1 each agst Vision and Poleaxe. A Handicap Plate of 30 sovs, added to a sweepstakes of 3 sovs each ; winners extra; winner to be sold for 40 sovs. Half a mile. Mr Roberts's Flash, by Thunderbolt—Miss Hinds, 3 yrs, 7st 61b (Butler) 1 Mr C. Jarvis's Little Coates, 3 yrs, Bst (Lluxtable) 2 Mr W. Dixon's Peter, 4 yrs, Bst 51b (Payne) 3 Medora also ran. Beating —5 to 4 agst Flash, 7 to 4 agst Little Coates, and 3 to 1 each agst Peter and Medora. A Hurdle Race Plate of 30 sovs ; weight for age ; with selling allowances. One mile and a quarter, over six flights of hurdles. Mr C. Paterrall's Bedford, by Yellow Jack, dam by lon Rhedycina, 5 yrs, 11st 81b (Daniels) 1 Mr Leggett's Oldbury, 6 yrs, 12st 51b (Gregory) 2 Betting-6 to 4on Bed ord. The North Western Railway Plate was declared void. RACING FIXTURES. FEBRUARY. Sudbury 2, 3 I Pontefract lB, 19 Lino,oln l6, 17 Nottingham Spring... 23, 24 Harrow lB, 19 I Chelmsford 25 26 M ans fi e ld 18 I Derby Spring 2 5, 26 MARCH. Liverpool Spring 2,3, 4 Shrewsbury Spring . ...... 5, 6 Downpatrick 9 Warwick. 9, 10, 11 Hendon 1), 13 West Drayton lB, 19 Baldoyle First Spring 18, 15 Margate 20 Beverley 2O D 29, 30 West Somerset 15, 16 Northampton 16, 17 Epsom 30, 31 Abergavenny l, 2 Bromley 1, 2 Aldershot l, 2 Catterick Bridge... l, 2 Thirsk 6 7 Hungerford 6, 7 Lichfield Cambridge 7 8 Croston Park .. ...8 SLreatham 8, 9 RIL. Chester l, 5,6, 7 Eglinton Hunt 6, 7 Winchester ll, 12 York 11, 12 Baldoyle 2nd Spring 11, 1 - 2 St. Albans 1 ', 14 Salisbury l3, 14 jir; Croydon 9 , 3, 4 Newton 2,3 , 4 Ascot ....8, 9, 10, 11 Liverpool Summer ...15, 16 Windsor 13, 16 Hampton l7, 18 Curragli 22, 23, 21 i' Newmarket Craven...l2, Ice. Knighton... l3, 14 Ludlow 15, 16 Eastbourne l9 Lewes U 21 Curragh _2o, 21, 22 Croydon... 22, 23 Newmarket Ist Spring 26, &a Worcester l, '2 Newmarket July Carlisle 6 7 Pontefract 9, 10 Hendon ... l2, 13 Nottingham l3, 14 Doncaster 13, 14 1 1 West Drayton l7, 18 Bath 18, 19 Manchester l9, 20, 21 Croydon 19, 21 Harpentkn 2l I Epsom Summer .....'2b, &c. 'NE. Newcastle 22, 23, 21 Oldham 22 liibury Club 23 Stockbridge 2-1, '25, 2G Chelmsford Sutton Park .....29, 30 AUG Brighton 3, 4 Brighton Club .. 5 Lewes 6, 7 Egtatin lO, 11 Wolverhampton lO, 11 Windsor 12, 13 St. Albans l7, 18 Stockton lB, 19, 20 SEPIA Warwick... Curragb (1toya1) 7, 8, 9 Abiugduu -...9, 10 Doncaster l-1, 15, 16, 17 Bndforil 5, 6 Edinburgh 6, 7, 8 Leicester 7, 8 Bromley 7 8 Newmarket 21 0ct...1 I, Chelmsford 1') 20 .19 20 N LY. j Southampton 13, 14 Reading 15, 16 Huntingdon .. 20, 21 I Stamford ... .,'•;, 23 Goodwood 97, 28, 29, 30 Oxford ' l9, 20 York 24, 23, 26 Plymouth L6, 27 Scarborough ...30, 31 Derby Summer .. 31, Sep. 1 Weymouth 31, Sep. 1 Canterbury 3l, Sep. 1 UST. ISER. Hampton .....21, 22 Western (A} r)........'2 . 2, 23 Hendon 9 3, 24 Monmouth... 23, 24 Nr.wrimrket st Cheltenham l9, 20 Cm nigh l9, 20, 21 West Drayton 41 , 9.1 Hereford 2l, 22 Nluninouth '');, 24 Newivark.i; Iftou &c. 3 1 EH. Sbrowbbury 15, Leuruiugtou fiuut 23, &c SE FIXTURES. fARY. Morton-in-Marsh lB Harrow lB, 19 Poutefract 18, 19 Boston Windsor 22, 23 St. Albans 23, 24 Derby Baschurch 26 ;C H. West Somerset 15, 1( York 17 ere wkerne lB, 19 29, 30 Chepstow [IL. Streatham , Royal Artily., Woolwich ...8 Knighton Ludlow l5, 16 Tenbury... 9] Croydon l2, 23 Co. Louth 3c Ardee 27, 28 Limerick Hunt 4 I -Al AY. St. Albans HuntEglinton uut 6, West Drayton.-- 17 JULY. Kingsbury ............. , 9 AUGUST. St. Albans ............................................................. 17 OCTOBER. Bromley .........................7 I W est D ray t on 9 1, 22 Harrow ...... NOVEMBER. . 2 3 Eglinton Hunt 6, 7 Worcester ~,.......... ...3, .............3, , 4 I Liverpool 9 1 ,19 1 1 , ............... St. Albans .................. 5, 6 i Shrewsbury ..... l5, 19 COURSING FIXTURES. FEBRUARY. Ludham, Norf o lk 11, 12 Brampton, Cumberl an d ll, 12 Waterloo (Alte^ - - oo (. ttcar), Lancashire l7, tte MARCH. Ashdown Park, Herts Fourth S. L Lancashire (Champion) County Louth (Chi pion), I re l an d Scottiih National O pen, L anark 3O, Sze, OCTOBER. Aucaster and Willoughby, Lincolnshire 5, G. Orruesby 19, &c. Huntingdon Club.. 9 6, 27. N 0 VEMBER. Sundorne, Salop .... Cothan and Eston.... 2, 3. ,•••• .i WATERLOO MEETING-FE8.17. (Over Altear.) Patron-Right lion. the Earl of Sefton. The Waterloo Cup, value £1,600 in specie, by subscriptio of £25 each; 61 subs; the winner to receive .£5OO, and the second £2OO. 1. Mr C. F. Allison 33. Mr J. Ingleby 2. Mr J. F. Armistead 34. Mr R. Jardine 3. Mr J. Bake 35. Mr F. Johnston 4. Mr W. J. Barden 36. Mr J. Johnston 5. Mr F. Bartholomew 37. Mr H. B. Jones 6. Lord Binning 38. Mr W. J. Legh 7. Mr J. Blackstock 39. Mr S. C. Lister 8. Mr J. S. Bland 40. Mr J. Lonsdale 9. Mr G. Blanshard 41. Lord Lurgan 10. Mr W. G. Borroa 42. Mr S. Mallabey 11. Mr T. Brocklebank 43. Mr C. E. Martleet 12. Mr J. Brundrit 44. Mr W. H. Massey y 13. Mr R. B. Carruthers 4 4 (3 5 : fi Si o r n C . . C 3 : l C. olyi ueux noelux 11. Mr C. J. Chesshyro 15. Mr W. 11. Clark 47. Mr T. Neville 14. Mr E. Croft 48. Mr R. Paterson 49. Mr T. L. Reed 17. Mr J. Cuuningharn 50. Dr Richardson 19.18 3 3, r r J W a ;a p es . n 51. Mr J. Savage 5 4 . Mr N. Saxton 20. Sir J. Evan-; 53. Lord Saiton 21. Lorl Garlies . Mr 'l'. Smith 94 . Mr J. (3 i liton Mr W. M. Gilmour 55. Mr .1. Spiuks 91. Col. Goodlak.l 16. Lord Stair 57. Mr E. NV. Stocker 25. Mr A. Graham 2 Mr T. Green 58. Mr S. Swinburue ,;. 27. Sir C. A. Ilaih‘y 59. Mr G. A. Thompson CO. Mr R. Todd 2s. Capt. 'fathom 61. Mr B. W. Trinder 29. Mr J. Hav,,vood 30. Mr J. 110 - dsou 62. Mr R. C. Vyner 31. Mr .T. 11010 63. Mr R. 11. Williams 32. Mr J. Hyslop C 4. Capt. Wyndham The Waterloo Plate for the 1G dogs beaten in tho second ties for the Cup, amounting to £lOO, to be divided as under: 1. 'Winner o receive ... 1 Second ditto 2. Dogs to receive £7 lOs each 4. Ditto ditto 5 ditto ... £4O 25 15 20 TIIE AMERICAN POSIAL SYS7E.II. REPORT OF THE POSTMASTER-GENERAL. The ordinary postal revenue for the year ending the 30th day of June last was $16,292,600, and the expenditures during the same period, including service for which special appropriations were made, $22,730,592, showing an excess of expenditures of $6,437,991. The receipts from postages, as com pared with the previous year, show an increase of six per centum and the expenditures an increase of eighteen per centum. The ordinary expenses, not including mail transportation, for which special appropriations were made, were 521,555,592 dollars, and the receipts, including the amount drawn under the Acts making appropriations for carrying " free mail matter," were $20,092.600, showing an excess of expenditures of $1,462,991. The receipts of the department were From postages, $16,292,600 ; the amounts drawn from the Treasury under Acts making appropriations for " carrying free matter," $3,800,000 ; and under the Acts making special appropriations for " overland mail and marine service between New York and California," $1,125,000 ; " steamship service be tween San Francisco, Japan, and China," $125,000 ; " between the United States and Brazil," $150,000; for " carrying the mail on routes established by Acts passed during the first session of the Thirty-ninth Congress," $486,525 ; and " for preparing and publishing post route maps," $lO,OOO, making the receipts from all sources, $21,989,125. The expen ditures of all kinds were, as stated,s22,73o,s92,being an excess of expenditure over receipts of $741,466, for which a special appropriation will be required. During the year 383,470,500 postage stamps, of the value of $11,751,014 (including 160,000 perio dical stamps, valued at $14,750) ; 41,552,300 plain stamped envelopes, representing $1,285,218 ; 1 25,469,750 - stamped evelopes, bearing printed cards and requests for return to writers, repre s,nting $759,520, and 3,372,600 newspaper wrap pers, valued at $137,372, were issued. The aggre gate value of these issues was $13,863,124 —being an increase of 3 45-100 per centum over the issues of the previous year. The sale of postage stamps and stamped envelopes during the year, as reported by the Auditor, was 514,066,130, or $203,015 more than the issue ; thus absorb ing to that amount the stock remaining un sold in the hands of the Postmasters June 30, 1867. There were in the service of the Department on the 30th of June, 1868, 6,891 contractors for the transportation of the mails. Of mailroutes in opera tion there were 8,226 ; aggregate length, 216,928 miles ; aggregate annual transportation, 81,224,325 miles ; aggregate annual. cost $10,266,056 ; includ ing the compensation of postal railway clerks, route agents, local agents, mail messengers, mail route messengers, and baggage masters in charge of mails—viz., $1,114,633, the aggregate annual cost was $11,380,689. This service was divided as follows—viz., Railroad routes—Length, 36,018 miles ; annual transportation, 34,886,178 miles ; an nual c05t,54,177,126, about 12 cents per mile. Steam boat routes—Length, 19,647 miles; annual trans portation, 3,797,560 miles ; annual cost, $650,631, about 17.13 cents per mile. Celerity, certainty, and security—Length, 161,263 miles ; annual transportation, 45,510,587 miles; annual cost $5,438,299 ; about 12 cents per mile. The length of routes was increased over the preceding year 13,683 miles ; the annual transportation, 5,211,536, and cost $929,770; to which add increased cost for railway postal clerks, route, local, and other agents, $93,762, making an aggregate of $1,023,562. A large portion of the report is devoted to the de scription of the troubles of the Overland Mail Ser vice, and a proposed readjusttneut of pay for ser e vice on railroad routes. There are now in opera ts i e o b n d i i v n i a t e h d e United into 34Statesroutes, 52,6 extending giin postal thelines, ag gregate over 7,019 miles of railway and steam boat lines, upon 1,571 miles of which twice daily service is being performed, snaking a total equal to 8,090 miles of railway postal service daily each way, and an increase of 3,276 miles over the service in operation 'in 1867. There are employed in this service 279 men, as head clerks, clerks an 1 assistant clerks, at salaries rancring from AOO9 to 4kt_4(l3, nor nnnnir. an crease or Ile men, at a cost of $141,800 over the previous year. The aggregate amount of postage (inland, sea, and foreign) upon the letter corres pondence exchanged with foreign countries was $2,153,690. The number of letters exchanged with foreign countries (exectiive of the British North American provinces) was 11,1 9 8,532, of which 5,900,307 were sent from and 5,2 9 8,22 received in the United States. Increase over num ber of previous year, 830,298. Of this number 10,068,659 were exchanged with European countries, an increase of 626,548 compared with the previous year. Estimating the number exchanged with the British provinces "at 2,746,000, the total number of letters exchanged in the mails with foreign countries was 13,600,000. The follow ing is an abstract of the part of the Re ne—dNsN, e e rr w et shp ecotsi tvpalGermane l y , conventions with Re port relating to the new po s t a l convent i ons with fo arGenri d g e a n t tn le; countries rNiteatinll e, r a h: leadi n gel giu pro visionsrn of which were briefly stated in my last Re port, were carried into effect on the Ist of January, 1868, and those concluded with Switzerland and Italy went into operation on the Ist of April, 1868. On the 13th of Dece m b er, 1 867, before the new c e United into n operation,i ted K Kingdom d n o e m t i eoef was a h se given lBth ofo njvuetinet,iollBl6w7i,thweteht 3 b np y oolstw t it b ee e e British refrewspaesre reserved eeaduc P l cbol o leim s r t l - ph o e to ale ffi nB2i c 6elBds, tibnAyrat terminate ietee hleeerdthaathereof rth announcement eooeuf with a ie m tewhi :n e t eti o chi : I n n: that Mr. Anthony Trollop° would be despatched to Washington in the spring of 1868 invested with full power to negotiate a new convention better calculated to afford satisfaction to the people of the two countries. The provisions of a new convention to supersede the present one on the Ist of January, 1869, were accordingly arranged with Mr. Trol lope at Washington in July last; and after adjust ing by direct correspondence between the two post departments certain modifications 'on which Mr. Trollope did not consider himself authorized to treat, the modified convention was formally executed on the 24th of Nov. last. Its general provisions are substantially those of the present convention. At the invitation of the French Government Mr. Kas son was sent to France, but failed to effect a revi sion of the postal convention with that country. There has been a modification of the postal conven tion with Canada; one made establishing an exchange of mail with British East Indies. The mail steam ship service to Japan is referred to as being regu lar and energetic. In reference to the coaling of the steamers on this route, tho Report says :—lt was hoped that thediscovery by American citizens of a. small group of islands midway between California and China, and conveniently situated with respect to this' steamship route, would have resulted in in creasing the efficiency d the service, by relieving the steamships of the necessary of carrying the great weight of coal required for cora'nmption upon their long voyage of five thous an d m il e 's, and the efforts of the contracto rs to effect this desi. sable improve ment were rega r d e d w ith great i n terest. But unfortunately th e surveys ma d e by 0111.1,11'4 of the • navy, as well as those of the steams hip sem. parry, dem ons t rate d that the project was imprac ticable of execution at present, owing to shoal ness of water at the entrance to the hart, ot . r. If it should trove feasible, however, as :1 am informed is the opinion of competent naval offi cers whose attention has been given to the _sub ject, to obtain the necessary increased depth of water on the bar, by a reasonable expenditurc e he propriety and expediency of undertaking tite, se ors' would be a question worthy the attention of cur Government, as well for the attainment of ti ais ob ject as for other public advantages of a n. ational and commercial character that will readily s uggest themselves. An increase and extension of tl se ser vice on the Japan and China line is recomineni to the consideration of Co ngress . Th e mails have been satisfactorily carried to B raz il and the led Ha waiian Islands. With regard to the proposed e "'- tract with the Commercial Navigation Company of New York, authorized by Act of Congress, Mr ita% dall declined to execute one in the manner and on the conditions stated, but expressed his willingness to make a conditional contract for the carrying of the mails to Europe by American steamships, at least four outward trips each week. In view of the great importance of the subject he earnestly recommended the proposed contract to the careful consideration and action of Congress. Continuing, the Report says—l fully concur in the recommen dation of my predecessor, Postmaster-General Den nison, in his annual Report of November 2, 1864, that provision should be made, by treaty stipula tions between nations or otherwise, for the excep tional treatment of regular mail packets in time of war, by authorizing such packets, under proper safeguards against the transportation of per sons or articles contraband of war, to con tinue their navigation without impediment or inter ruption. During the year there were 2,167 post offices established, 849 discontinued, and 26,481 in operation on the 30th of June, 1868. The aggregate compensation for special agents, rou' e agents, mail route messengers, postal railway clerks, local agents, and baggage masters in ser vice during the year ending June 30, 1868, amounted to $961,070. The free system of de livering letters has been in operation in 48 cities, and it is hoped that it will ultimately supersede all others. During the year the number of letter carriers employed was 1,198 ; mail letters de livered, 61,349 ,486 ; local letters delivered, 14,081,906 ; newspapers delivered, 16,919,715 ; letters collected, 63,164,625 ; amount paid carriers, including incidental expenses, $995,934 ; postages on local matter, $475,982. The salaries of 232 postal clerks aggregated $274,000. The Postmaster-General recommends increased corn , pensetion for these carriers and clerks. Dur ing the year the number of letters received ' at the lead-letter office was 4,162,144, a decrease of 144,364 from the previous year. Of these let ters, 167,078 were foreign, and were returned un opened to the countries whence they came. The aggregate of postal letter service during the year is estimated at 720,000,000, and the proportion of domestic dead letters to the number of letters mailed is about one to 126. The money taken from all dead letters undelivered and deposited in the United States Treasury was $27,967. The money order offices in operation number 1,468. During the year 831,937 orders were issued, re presenting $16,197,858, and the number paid 836,940, representing $15,976,501, and $142,035 paid to purchasers. The excess of issues over pay ments was $79,321. The total receipts from this branch were $124,503, and the expenditures $54,158. The Postmaster-General says :--" The idea that the Post-office Department can be self sustaining, in the present condition of the country, is absurd. It cannot be, and ought not to be, for fifty years to come. The revenues will largely in crease, and so will expenditures. Ten years hence I estimate the expenses of the Post-office Depart ment at $40,000,000,and the revenues at $30,000,000. This increase must go on as long as the country prospers, and mineral, agricultural, and commercial business increases." Attention is called to the gross abuses of the franking privilege, entailing an estimate loss to the Department of $1,000,000 to $1,500,000 during the past year. The total abolition of the privilege is recommended as the only way to avoid abuses now becoming systematized. The erection of a suitable Post-office building in New York is urged as a pressing necessity. The actual differences between revenues, independent of special appropriations and expenditures, includ ing special appropriations, was $3,998,456. Tlae revenues independe n t of special appropriations, for the year ending June 30, 1868, were $16,292,600, and the expenditures, including services for which special appropriations were made, were $22,780,592, showing an excess of expendi ture of $6,437,991. To meet this deficiency there were drawn under appropriations made for carrying free matter, $3,800,000, and under Acts making special appropriations for overland mail and marine service between New York and California, $1,125,000 ; steamship service between San Fran cisco, Japan, and China, $125,000 ; between the United States and Brazil, $150,000 ; for carrying sae utrty=nlll6ll codgress, $186,525, and for preparing and publishing post route maps $lO,OOO, leaving a deficiency, as stated in the first part of this Report, for the year ending June 30, 1868, of $741,466. It is seen from the foregoing statements of receipts, expenditures, and appropriations, that in supplying necessary postal accommodations for the people the excess of expen ditures over revenues rapidly increased from 1854 to 1859 and 1860, inclusive, the deficiency for 1859 being $6,996,009, and for the year 1860 being $5,656,705. After the year 1860 the expensive service in the Southern States began rapidly to diminish, until in the year 1865 there was so little mail service performed in the States involved in the rebellion that the revenues exceeded the ex penditures by $861,430. Directly after the war ended, and during the second year of the Admi nistration of my immediate predecessor, ending June 30, 1866, the Postmaster -General entered_ upon the serious task of restoring the service in the insurgent States. In the States of Virginia, North , Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Carolina, Alabama, o ut h j a e r s o i l s i s n i p a p Arkansas, Lou. isiana, and Texas, the service was restored dur inag the tentye costing June, 1866, to a $1,086,527. I n th e same St a t es ending June 30, ex ar ending the 30th of $1,891,531, and for the year the ts 6775 t increasedo f service to for the year ending Jane 30, 1 868, it in creased to the sum of ing of routes tSi2;ll6aBlo4nse9, $2,168,459. `This iexpenditurenelad esnone was for transporta tion the other large expenses necessarily connected with the postal of the year ending, length June service 30, i n l t B h 6 o B s , e States. the aggregate Dur in creased to 216,928 miles, and th e annua l trans portation increased to 84,224,325 miles, an in crease of 14,683 miles in length of routes, and 5,241,516 miles in . annual transportation. Since the 30th day of June, 1865, and to the first day of July, 1868, three years, the aggregate length of mail routes has increased 74,588 miles, and 'the annual transportation has increased 26,230,631 te n" Since I came to the head of the Post -office Department in July, 1866, after the close of my immediate predecessor's second and last year as Postmaster-General, the aggregate length of mail routes put up under contract and in actual opera tion up to the first day of July, 1868, is 36,008 miles, and the increase of annual transportation for that time increased 12,386,411 miles. Theincrease of service and great increase of the expenses of the department for inland mail transportation have not all arisen from the restoration of mail service in the lately disordered States. A large amount of the service in operation previous to the war, and discontinued durirg the war, has not yet been restored. In addition to the increased and increasing railroad transportation, with its increas ing expenses, Congress, by a series of Acts between the 3d day of March, 1865, and the 25th day of July, 1868 —a little over three years—created 1,267 new mail routes, with an aggregate length of 48,744 miles. Of theSe 33 were established in the late rebel States, with an aggregate length of less than 1,000 miles. One hundred were established in the Ter ritories, with an aggregate length of 12,141 miles. The rapid growth of the postal service of the United States since the present organization of the Post-office Department was established by the Act of July 2, 1836, has devolved on its officers an amount of business of -so extensive, varied, and responsible a character, that a reorganization wisely adapted to the present and prospective condition of the service is necessary to secure the greatest practicable effi ieney in its administration. THE MANUFACTURE OF WATCIIES AND CLOCKS.-. A most interesting and instructive little work, describing briefly nut with great clearne ss , t h e r i se an d progress of watch and makin , has just been published by Mr J. W. Benson, of 25, Old Bond=street, 99,• -grove, _ -grove, and the City Steam Factory, 58 and 60, Ludgate-hill. The book, which is profusely illustrated, gives a full description of the various kinds of watches and clocks, with their prices, and no one should make a purchase without visiting the abo ve esta b l i s h men t s o r consulting this truly valuable work. By its aid persons res iding in any part of ti United Kingdom, India, or the Colonies, are enabled to select for themselves the watch best adapted for their use, and have it sent to them with perfect safety. Mr. Benson, who holds the appoint ment to the Prince of Wales, sends this pamphlet to any address on receipt of two postage stamps, and we cannot too strongly .recommend it to the notic e o f th e i nten ding purchaser, FOREIGN NOTES. AMERICA. Mormonism is threatened with a very serious danger. The Americans seem to have resolved not to sweep Brigham Young and his followers wholly out of the way, as they threatened at one time, but to adopt an easier and more efficacious stratagem. A bill has been brought before Congress for the purpose of diminishing the terri tory of Utah ; it is to be cut down on all sides ; one piece to go to Colorado, another to Nevada, another to Montana, and a fourth to Wyoming. Beyond the Salt Lake City the domain of Brigham Young will be but the shadow of what it is now. This, it is hoped, will strike at the root of Mormonism. The sect will be nothing unless it becomes a nation ; Brigham Young's am bition is not so much to become the head of a Church, as to found a State. Thii is the object of his hydra-headed proselytising machinery, his missions all over the world, his district branches, confe rences, and other paraphernalia. The Mormons themselves, in fact, speak of Young as their spiritual and temporal ruler, and of their community in Utah and abroad as a commonwealth. The Americans conceive that the only mode of resisting this tendency is to parcel out Utah until but a district is left. They will not inter fere with the settled portions ; they will not rob the Mormons of the wilderness which they have made to " blossom like a rose ;" but the rest is to be taken from them for ever. Mr. Reverdy Johnson has partly retrieved himself hi American esteem, llis dining and fCiting is almost for given on account of his diplomatic success. Con trary to all expectation, he has concluded three treaties one disposing of the naturalisation problem, another settling the San Juan dispute, and the third providing machinery for getting rid of the Alabama difficulty. The general opinion in the United States is that this last treaty is a triumph. Mr. Johnson has obtained all thp,t he asked for, and almost all that Mr. Seward chose to askin addition. Several British subjects in the States are consulting as to the possibility of their obtaining damages for property destroyed by Sherman's army on its march to the sea. The amount which would be claimed under this head exceeds the value of the depre- dations committed by the Alabama and other vessels. It is noteworthy that a circular has made its appearance at Washington advocating the annexation of Canada by peaceful negotiation as a quid pro quo for the abandon ment of the Alabama claims. The promoters of this movement seem to go to work in a very temperate man ner, but their estimate of the importance of the Alabama claims is as excessively high as their estimate of the value of Canada is deplorably low. Ke160.., Worcester 2,3 4 rro %v 3 Liverpool 9, 10, 11, 12 STEEPLECHA! FEBR Wolverhampton 2 Carmarthen 3. 4 Edgeware Tenby . 5 Birmingham ~ 9 Chippenharu 10, 11 Streatham 11, 12 Newbri6cr ° e 15 Lincoln 1.3, 17 MA. Liverpool 3 Shrewsbury ...,.. 5, 6 Mahon Rugby (Grand Mil.) 8, 9 Kingsbury 1 9 , 13 .. AP. Aldershct 1, 2 Bromley 1, 2 I A bergavenny l, 2 I Lichfield • 6 7 Southdown H un t •• ,:.7 Cambridge ..• 7 8 Cheltenham 7, 8 TIIE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 3, 1869 SLAVEBY IN CUBA. The head of the revolutionary Government in Cuba has published a decree emancipating the slaves of the island. The principles laid down seem to be very moderate. All slaves are to be declared free so soon as their owners pre sent themselves before the military Government for the purpose of granting their manumission, the master in all cases receiving indemnity for his loss. The freedmen will be utilised in the service of the country—that is, of the revolutionary portion of it ; but the slaves of persons who are opposed to the Revolution will be con fiscated without compensation. Further, those pro• prietors who allow their slaves to aid the Revolution without giving them liberty at present, will for the time being be allowed to preserve their property. It is intended that the process of emancipation shall be gradual. GERMANY. The Augsburg Gazette has received from an official cor. respondent, an explanation of the sudden termination of the newspaper war between Austria and Prussia. The North German Gazette was brusquely pulled up by - , Count Bismarck, because the latter had conceived a plan of resuming friendly relations with Austria. The Prussian Chancellor has sounded Count Beust, and has submitted to him the details of a scheme by which Austria is to have her own way in the East, provided Prussia be allowed a similar privilege in the West; this meaning, it is to be presumed, carte blanche to operate in South Germany.. These insidious overtures have been rejected by Austria. Hence the Augsburg gazette is on the look-out for another assault upon Austrian policy by the Berlin journals. Witrtemberg has just contracted a loan of over two millions, for the purpose of completing the railway system of the country. The railroads of Wiirtemberg are con structed and worked by the State, the Foreign Minister and the Master of the King's Household sharing the management. The work seems to be prudently carriedon, and hitherto considerable profits have been realised. TURKEY AND GREECE. The intelligence from the East becomes more and more perplexing. A telegram from Berlin asserts that Greece has aco.ptcd the declaration of the Powers, making only one reservation which can g 1 papers are still confident ofn:Tepieia''c'e-fu-l.- f,.ilie , nee solution. But the nf a sa,,guinary VietWiMint7e . TurKs and the Montenegrins chews that the chance of Greece receiving aid from the troublesome semi-independent neighbours of the Porte is by no means "so remote as the Paris sou ii-official journals asserted it to be. Meanwhile, the Greek Government continues to drain - the country of its resources. The Foreign Minister has sent a circular to the Greek consuls, instructing them to open subscriptions in their bureaux for the loan of -23,600,000 voted by the Chamber of Athens. This document appeals to Greek residents abroad, declaring that the independence of the country is now seriously menaced. The Etendard acknowledges that the declaration of the Conference published the other day in these columns is perfectly correct. But the semi-official psper is sorely puzzled to divine how the document found its way into the columns of the Independance Beige, from which the Paris journals copied it. The explanation is simple. The Levant Herald first published it, not the Belgian paper, and there can be little doubt that the Eastern journal If ever there was a case in which law overrode obtained it from the Turkish Government. The full text, lustice, that case was before the Court of Criminal in fact, differs in one essential point from the summary Appeal a day or two back. A fellow had been first given. It contains a distinct intimation that Greece sentenced at the f i i\ n la;l u ch n e d s a ter s i c ts o iz l es ta to in r decoying tii is guilty of a breach of international law, and is bound to two u girls away from r and there s y educino , one of theemm, toa respect it for the future. The protocol as given in the girl only only sixteen years of age. The indictment was Levant Herald is a triumph for the Porte ; hence its for taking the girl out of her father's possession; but " indiscreet publication." The Times Berlin correspon- the prosecution could not prove that the prisoner dent thinks that the Marquis de Lavalette will be to knew that he was taking her out of her father's blame should an unsatisfactory answer arrive from Greece. custody. The Court of Criminal Appeal has declared He had, previous to the final vote of the Conference, that this must be proved before an indictment can assured the Greek Minister that all the Powers had in be sustained. That is to say, a man who keeps him view was to tender advice, and not to sit in judgme self in ignorance of the guFdiansliip of young girl s No unconditional acceptance of the d ec l ara ti on w ill be may act as he likes—he isnot breaking the law. demanded. Clearly, the whole law requires revision. MR. BAKER ON CRIMINALS. Mr. Baker has addressed another letter t o th e Times respecting the best mode o f r e press i ng crime. H e is, he tells us, constantly receiving letters from magistrates and governors of gaols agreeing in the two essential points of the cumulative system of punishment and the long super vision after discharge. It has been said . with truth that a necessary condition of the vitality of crime is a certain amount of success, and Mr. Baker reminds us that success is inseparable from long practice, which cannot be attained without many detections. By a system of supervision, then, we may hope to keep the aspiring criminal so long out of practice that it shall become impossible for him to reach the highest point of his profession. Two modes of supervision have been suggested to the public. One is that in every case of conviction, there shall be a certain period of supervision beyono time explraLlvia or -am achtentx. The other is 41.. the judge should pass a long sentence—such in ten years for a third offence—telling the pnsonei that he will be allowed a license at the end of some years of good conduct, subject to re-imprisonment if found in suspicious circum stances. Mr. Baker himself thinks this would be much the more efficacious plan ; for if a man who has completed his sentence is brought up on a trifling charge, such as being seen in bad company or loitering near a door, he can only be sentenced to a `very short imprisonment. On the other hand, if his old sentence be still in force, his license can be revoked, and the knowledge of this will put a check upon his actions. SOCIAL MEETING OF 'WORKING MEN. A meeting of an interesting nature was held the other evening at the City Terminus Hotel, Cannon street, at the invitation of Mr. S. Morley, M.P., to hear an address from the Rev. C. Neville " On the political future of working men." Mr. Morley opened the proceedings by expressing his sympathy with the object of the meet ing. He thought it very desirable that the various classes which were being brought to share in the government should arrive at a common ground of action on public questions. He well re membered the dying words of Judge Talfourd, that " the great want of the age is more sympathy between i, classes." Mr. Neville, in commencing his address, fentamiit, the source that the welfare of the poorest man in the country was of as much moment as that of the greatest or the richest. All were equal in the sight of God, and therefore that system of legislation was the best which promoted the good of the work ing people, because they were by far the most numerous class. Mr. Neville then touched upon some of the subjects of the day, and announced him self to he a hearty advocate of the Ballot. With regard to social questions, his looked upon public houses as a great curse to the working man, and the source of a great deal of misery both to him self and his family. Recognising the 'difficulty of iealing with that question, he would give working men a permissive power of legislating for themselves in the matter. He was strongly in favour of retrenchment and economy, though he wished to see it effected with the utmost consideration for those whose employment would in consequence cease. After some discussion, cordial thanks were voted to Mr. Neville and the chairman. JUSTICE AND LAW. AUSTRIA. Dr. Giskra, the Austrian Minister of the Interior, has been nominated to the dignity of Grand Cross in the Order of the Crown of Italy. The Italian and Austrian journal? have availed themselves of this event to exchange cour tesies. It is agreed that a good understanding exists between the two States, that there can now be no hostility of interests whilst their .intl is mial policy is in accord. In both countries Constitutions • m is recognised ; in both a conflict is going on against the powers opposed to nrocress. • ilLsv4LANEbus NEWS. THE OPENING OF PAILLIA3IMNT, • There seems.stilto be a great 'deal of doubt as to :the intention of the Queen to open Parliament. The Advertiser comes forth with the notice that, " not xithstanding the announcement which appearea 'yesterday in one •of • our contemporaries, to the ',effect that the Queen will open the new Parlia mant in person, there is good reason to believe that no such determination has been communicated by her Majesty to the First Lord of the Treasury or the Comptroller of the Household." It is to be hoped that the Post—the best-informed of the papers on Court matters—is correct in its original state ment. EARL RUSSELL ON IRELAND AND MR. cmciasTnn FORTESCUE. - - • It is the fashion now-a-days to address letters through the press to persons in authority, to print An epistle and give it to the public at the same time as to the person* it addresses, The Times forgot this jn criticising Earl Russell's letter, and made inqui ries as to what Mr. Chichester Fortescue thought of the matter, he haVing first read Earl Russell's pro duction. The Chief Secretary for Ireland now writes to the Times, • declaring that the noble earl never f' submitted" his pioduction to him before sending it to the press. Lord. Russell has not communicated to him the contents of any one of the three letters which he has associated . with Mr. Fortescue's name. This, once for all, puts Earl Russell's plans outside the Cabinet, and makes him stand alone in what ho has done. THE ISLE OF DOGS STAILVATION CASE. The narrative of the death of Catherine Spence and her child was so horrible that it has stirred up the inspectors, guardians, and clergy of the district, and they have published various statements in the newspapers in order to remove the unfavourableim pression produced by the first account. The clerk to the guardians says that Spence had been earning a comparatively large sum of money-265. Bd. in three weeks, in addition to Gs. given by the clergyman and 4s. Gd. by the guardians. " On the Tuesday preceding the woman's death the man borrowed a shilling to purchase some food, and dur ing the night of that day and early on the following morning he earned Cs. Gd. by working in the Mill wall Docks, out of which sum he repaid the borrowed money and purchased other articles of food with the remainder, and the food so purchased was actually being cooked on the Wednesday after noon, when the salt to which reference has been made was sent for to flavour it with. At this time the woman was in a public-house drinking with some of her companions, ana she did not return home until late in the evening, when, being unwell, the medical officer was sent for, and gave her beef tea, brandy, and eggs ; she was th en l y i ng on a bedstead, which :was furnished with bed, rug, and blanket " It is impos s ibl e t o reconc il e thi s statement with that of the surgeon who made the post-mortem examination. He found the stomach of the woman utterly empty, and had no doubt that she had died of starvatio n . Th ere i s no suc h diffi culty • in comparing the statements respecting the woman's husband. It is not denied that he is mad ; and the sdiranse of his wife's habits given by the clerk to the guardians renders it only 7()0 prov3rne. that drink, the great source of poverty, madness, and death, had no small share in this dismal tragedy. OVEREND AND GURNEY. Dr. Adam Thorn, of Gower-street, the prosecutor in re Overend, Gurney, and Co., has addressed a letter to the papers, in which he says that the pro" ceedmgs have now reached a point at which 1115 main object—the thorough investigation of the whole truth—promises to be at last attained/ inasmuch as the defendants, from their rem arks on Wednesday last, appear to con t e mplate some defence or other which hitherto theY have kept in the background. Under these circumstances he feels bound to afford them tile opportunity of going before a jury, and he trusts that God may vindicate the right. After compli menting Mr. Howell and Mr. Lewis on their sb lB assistance, he asks whether in fighting this national battle, as in a commercial empire like ours it n o well be called, lie may not reckon upon the supp ort of all those who are interested in the momentous issue. Already he has received generous help, £l OO from one donor, for instance ; and he is anxious . o associate with himself any two donors who will aid him in the administration of the fund. The product of the precious metals in the United States during 1868, it is stated, amounts to $66,500, 000, divided as follows : —California, $20,000,000 ; Nevadl , $18,000,000 ; Montana, $12,000,000 ; Idaho, $6,000,000 ; Oregon, $5,000,000 ; Colorado, $4,000,000 ; Washington Territory, $4,000,000 ; Arizona, $250,000 ; and New Mexico, $250,000. The yield of placer mining, it is re ported, has fallen off, but the machinery for the extraction of the metals from quartz rock is run with greater skill , so that the product is increased. The so-called improved methods of crushing the quartz have all been abandoned/ and the use of old-fashioned stamps has been revived. These stamping machines, however, are used with greater care, and the ore is more finely pulverized, so that a greater per centage of gold is extracted. It is asserted that the famous Comstock lode, discovered in 1865, has become poorer the deeper the shafts are driven, so that the product has greatly diminished, and the former surprisingly valuable returns have greatly diminished. The White Pine district of Nevada, on the other band , has been extensively and profitably worked, and silver valued at $1,000,000 has been mined during the last sit months. Drought has interfered with mining in Idaho, and too much rain has produced the same effect in Cali fornia. The excessive cost of transporting provisions and machinery has reduced the profits of the miners in the new territories, and thus has discouraged the thorough development of the mineral resources of the Pacific coast. It is anticipated that the opening of the Pacific Railw s Y will excite more vigorous efforts in the mining operations of the country.—Public Ledger. Abraham Kipp, of Sing Sing, New York, hits patented an improvement consisting in a certain combisa tion of double pistons working in cylinders, which are arranged radial to a central shaft and operating- in a dil'ec_t manner through yokes on or in connection with a crans. secured to the shaft; also a valve having a fixed char acter relatively to the crank, whereby a most simple and e rn , cient steam engine is produced, and which may be u s° ' either as a motor for driving purposes, a pump, or a meter. A Mormon leader, Jesse C. Little, is now in the Eastern States arranging purchases for an important 1 05 ; nufacturieg enterprise projected at Salt Lake city. is a Massachusetts man, and is said to be on the look °l ',, for "females" to replenish the harems of the " saints ; but we have little doubt what reception he will receive from the Yankee girls. The manufacturing enterpriso will at first be confined to waggons and agricultural 0 1 ' plements. for which the metal and castings will for th e present be imported, but will eventually be home-made . [ADVERTISEMENT:I—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills. -- 7 1 Self-Treatment.—lt is admitted on all hands that health s n strength of the body are more necessary for success in life thltn activity or acuteness of mind. The remarkable powers of 0116 well-known medicine in purifying, regulating, and invigorati n g are manifested with such striking success that they should tot fail to attrac the attention of all invalids. No deep knowl edge is required to secure the good effects of these purifying and co; rective pills, a slight study of their accompanying directions w y ' a enable any one to use this remedy to the best advantage• low, moist, malarious districts, where ague, gout, and rheura' l .: tism are almost regarded as birthrights, Holloway's medicine invaluable for effecting a safe and permanent cure. !ADVERTISEMENT ]—Consumption, and all bilious, nervou'l stomach,and liver complaints in every stage are only aggrava te and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfectl curable by Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Fo e as proved by thousands of cases which had been consider°, hopeless; such as indigestion (dyspepsia), cough, asthma, 00 sumption, habitual constipation, diarrhoea, all gastric der° 7 - 48 ; ments, hoamorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, nervousn e biliousness, fevers, sore throats, diphtheria, catarrhs, colds, 10 . fluenza, noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, gout, itsP „ ; rities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessne„„' acidity, palpitation, heartburn, headache, debility, drol l, l cramps, spasms, nausea and sickness, even in pregnancy o r i sea, sinking fits,' bronchitis, scrofula, tightness of the che st ' ' pains at the pit of the stomach, and between the shoulders. We quote a few.—The Pope's health restored by Du BarrY , Food. Cure No 68,413.—" Rome, July 21, 1866.—The health the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning other temedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du BarrY a l Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plate r ...4 at every meal. It has pro laced a surprisingly benelle, l _7„ effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise . t, , T;, excellent food too highly." From the "Gazette du Ni , " 4 1 .. July 25. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, timber In% 1 ri Surrey, of thirty licpr tiorsnzzo: p l: 3 :_n e partialit a N rs o i ( 4 1 .0 is deafness' Cure Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant vy W o tt i. o ist r ,i f n o gi r n l d , ,:\sl o ca f rriiia m )ajb a ol n iey y .,, years' s a asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, agony Important fr Caution.—Beware u t dyspepsiai 0 ' n s : i l a ß s n Nvs,,:r snickness T. f th ° a a e unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, 'WHIT ° authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attacbet. In tins, at t 5.10.; 1 lb. 2s. 941.; 2 lbs. 4s. 6d.; 5 lie.; 1 2 228. ; 24 lbs., 40s.—Also Du BARRY'S Rs YALENIA ARABICA (3110,,, LA.Ts POWDER is packed in tin canisters; for 12 cups at 25., for' : cups at Is. 6,1., for 48 cups at es., for 288 cups at 30s , for 576 at 55s.—being about one pe nn y p er cup. The 30s. and 55s tit', are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post 01 111 ' 6 Her. —BARRY DU BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, LOO - and all Grocers and Chemists. COURSE OF EXCHANGE—Last Evenutp Amsterdam Short ... 12 111 ... 12 0 I Do •3 Ms. ... 12 1 i ~„ 12 11 Rotterdam — ... 12 1} ... 12 11 Antwerp -... 25 35 . 941 25 40 Brussels — .25 35 . o . 25 4 0 Hamburgh — . .... 13 10 ... 13 1 0 1 Paris Ditto Marseilles Frankfort-on-the-M a i n . 1191 . 1201 .• .• Vienna — ... 12 25 ... 12 3 2 1 Trieste _- 12 25 ... 12 3 2 5 ". Petersburg Copenhagen — 9 20 ... 9 24 Berlin Madrid.. ~ 471 48 Cadiz ... 481- ... 48i Le ghorn Milan — ... 26 90 ... 27 0 Genoa Naples Palermo — ... 26 90 ... 27 0 Messina Lisbon 5 21 521 Oporto — ... 52, ... 521 Rio Janeiro — ... ••• New York .4 4140 ...' Foreign Mail Packet PR. LOCAL TAXATION. 'The Chamfer of _Agriculture Journal, dealing with the subject of locai taxation, points out the importance of avoiding the consolidation of a centralisation that would be dista s t e f u l t o E ng lish sentiment, and of maintaining a good guarantee for economic expendi ture.. By way of accomplishing this we may re arrange the ratal burdens in groups, and classify together such rates as aro similar in character, on the principl e o f ma ki ng th e areas o f contri bution and of di s t r ib u tion c o incident. For instance, the relief of the poor—pure and simple— might be thrown .upon all kinds of income, with certain exceptions at the lower end of the scale, and with a common fund for England and Wales, as proposed by Mr. George Andrews. A limit, however, might be fixed to the demands of each union, district, as proposed by the Earl of Malmesbury in 1850, for the sake of guaranteeing economy. Highway, local board, borough, and some other rates might be levied as at Dreamt. but with the aaaepsz ment properly extended to every corm or real property, and with distinctions drawn be tween urban, suburban, and rural parishes. Thus, while the income tax assessment, carried lower than at present, sustained the national burden of the poor, really local expenses would be defrayed solely by the district which incurred them. Then the costs of police, militia, gaols, asylums, and other imperial institutions might be borne directly by the consolidated fund ; while the charge for national education, or any new item of outlay, would be assigned to one class of burdens or another, accord ing to its nature, whether local or imperial, or limited to England and Wales. AN EDUCATION LEAGUE. We are going to have another attempt at " Swarmery," now education is the subject instead of Reform. Birmingham is forming an association, society, league, or whainver it may be called, with Mr. George Dixon, M.P., at its head, which is to open the eyes of the nation on this important subject. Six propositions are laid down as the basis of the new society. The first sets forth that local authori ties shall be compelled to provide school accommoda tion for every child in their district ; the second that the money must be provided out of local rates supple mented by Government grants ; the third puts all schools under local management and Government inspection ; the fourth makes them unsectarian ; the fifth makes them free as -to cost ; and the sixth is the compulsory clause providing that the local authorities shall have power to compel the attendance of children of suitable age not otherwise receiving education. Truly, the new association has a noble and a difficult work to perform. NEW ZEALAND. Admiral Sartorius suggests that advantage may be taken of the reductions about to be made in the army and the marines to give useful and unobjection able assistance to our New Zealand countrymen. The men to be discharged are well-disciplined soldiers, accustomed to the new arms. The Admiral, therefore, would anticipate the term, and offer all who are disposed to take military service in the colony a free passage and a portion of the land they conquer. Plenty of reserved ships could be spared, and within four months from this date any number of volunteers might be embarked and landed. The cost would be hardly anything, being only the value of a few months' provisions and the fuel for the vessels. The friendly Maori should have the right hand of fellowship, but he should never be allowed to believe that he commands the first place in the battle. There can be no doubt on which side the balance of victory must turn, and the more quickly that victory is decided the better, the Admiral thinks, it will be for the savage and the settler alike. TIIE VOLUNTEER QUESTION. "A Lieutenant-Colonel'•' laughs at the notion started by " Ilippophylax," that it would be impossible for the Volunteers to keep the field for twenty-four hours because they have no transport corps. Where are our railways? Where are our great carriers? Already food is conveyed into the remotest markets and towns of England daily without difficulty. Starving is the last thing that the Volunteers need do. Moreover, it is absurd to suppose that while a Volunteer may remain one while he receives 30s. capitation grant, he becomes a paid soldier if he re ceives 50s. " A Volunteer since '59 " contends that not only do the Volunteers get enough to pay their legitimate expenses already, but they have something over. For instance, there is Lord Elcho's own regi ment, the London Scottish, which gets a grant of £564. On the other side of the account are—rent of headquarters, gas, fuel, £120; rifle range, £120; conveyance to reviews, £lOO ; repair of arms, £2O; staff clothing, £2O; office stationery, printing, and postage, £3O; incidental expenses, £5O ; making a total of £460, and leaving a balance of £lO4. It will be observed that no account is here made for the cost of uniforms, which is about £1 a man, and, as there are 429 ellicients in the corps, would absorb £429 of the £564, and leave £135 to meet the £460 which " A Volunteer " admits to be legitimate. This, too, makes no allowance for the cost of the band, which may fairly be considered a luxury for which the Volunteers themselves should pay. MAILS DUE• , tustralia and New Zealand, vi a ° :thampton Feb 2. Ditto, via YArseilles Feb. 2 2 Ditto, via Pi:Lama - tirazil, Buenos Ay res, an d -onte Video Feb. 3. Ditto, by French p r .at Cape Verde, by S tar ' paotet Feb. 3. Cape of Good El.* . Ascension. and St. Helena Feb. 12. China, Penn,' .nd Singap ore , v i a Southampton Feb. 13 ' Southa mpton Feb 6 Gibraltar, vf India.vis ,outham oton ult ., via Marseilles laltr' 6 gYPt , &o. . Feb. 6. tto, Marseilles Feb. la Ivirittus, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via S °unlace' ton Ditto, Marseilles Feb. 1 3 . .......... . • •.. F. b Portugal ...„ Fe 3. United States, C anada, Calif orn i a, &a., by British Packet Feb 6 Dtto, by Canadian packet .... •••• litto, by L lilted States packet Feb 3 Etta ditto (Baltimore) West:oast of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe __Feb. 3 West ndies and Pacific (except Mexico and Baba ms) .... Feb 13 Falklad Islands . Feb 3. Cuba ad Mexico .... ........Mar. 1. Bermut, via Halif a x .•Feb. 1% Bahami, via New York Feb. Births. Boni-O a the 31st ult., at Dover, tho wife of Captain Cliffd Borror, of a daughter. Mwrol4-On the Ist inst., at 17, Lower Grosvenor-street , Viscotess Milton, of a daughter. WHITEDn the 2d inst., at Croydon, Mrs. F. A. White, of a Marriages. HA RICERCOCKERELL —On the Ist inst., at South DO' wich, )orge Harker, of Richmond, Surrey, and Uppe r Thatnlstreet, London, to Clarissa, eldest daughter of Georg. Cockerel], E sq., Upper Sidenham-hill. WOODIWE CHAWNER —On the Ist inst. at New ton V alencHants, Thos. J.Woodhouse, Esq., of Ranelag h Lodge,ulham to Florence, youngest daughter of the late Catin Edward H. Chawner 4th Dragoon Guards , of Theanor House, Newton Va'lence. Deaths. ARmsTRo--On the Ist inst,, at 32, Duke-street, St James'seorgoßas Armstrong, 31.R.0.5. and L.S.A. , aged 66 SEVILLE—a the let inst., at Richmond-hill, Surrey, W . 0. Bevi late Secretary to the Union Bank of Loudon , aged 34 NEALE—ahe Ist inst., at Sutton Veny, Wilt s , Stephen Neale, aged 69. STOKES— the Ist inst., at 27, Avenue road, Regent's park, Feis St o kt s, E sq., late of Windsor. SYME—OIe Ist inst., at Millbank House, Edinburghl Jemirnairn, wif e o f J ames Syme, Esq., Professor 0 ' Clinicaltgery. London : ted and Pablished by WILLIAM ANDREWS of No. 11Strand, Printer, at "fruz Sim 001 cl, NO 1 , 2 Strand, lie Precinct of t h e Sr troy, in the Cou2tl 4 Middleaekredneeday, Febivary 3, 1869. £lOO Qt . E ti,i ti l , f or nn, rib i Du erg tC "Ford C r , 3 „ or, I ne. r , '0 ~ ~~r