The Sun. — London, England, 1860-08-14 00:00:00

BENSON'S WATCHES. " Perfection of mechanism."—Morning Post. Gold Silver.. 2to 50 guineas. Fend •2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descr!p live of every construction of watch now made, with their prices. Watches sent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for ss. extra. 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London. E.C. Established 1749. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. R. Buskstone. THIS EVENING the nerformsmoeg will commence with JACK'S RETURN FROM CANTON. And THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. C. Mathews, Buckstone, Compton, Chippendale. Rogers, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Miss Weekes, and Mrs. Wilkins. After which, the new comedietta, HIS EXCELLENCY, in which Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews will appear. To conclndc with THE CHRISTEt KING. Commence a 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S T Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. • - - .TRE.- THIS EVENING, will be performed A WONDERFUL WOMAN. Mr. A. Harris, Miss Heath. &c. A new burlesque tragedy, LES FUREURS DE L'AMOUR Supported by the Zouaves And LES DEUX AVEUGLES. By the Zouaves. With the farce of A.S.S. After which, UNE FILLE TERRIBLE. Characters by the Zouaves. Followed by AN AIII3I3SCADE AT INKERMAN. Commence at 7. A DELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. ~/. 1 1, Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. THIS EVENING, JANET PRIDE. Messrs. B. Webster. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Stuart, C. Selby; Miss Woolgar and Miss Laidlaw. After which, THE FOOL OF THE FAMILY. Mr. Paul Bedford and Miss Julia Daly. Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 till 5. Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes, £l. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, ss. ; Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, ls. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. ASTLRY'S ROWE, AMPHITHEATRE.- Proprietor and Manager, Mr:Wm. BATTY. Immense Success of "Mazeppa." A Grand MID-DAY PERFORMANCE will take place on SATURDAY next, Aug 18, commencing . at Two o'clock. This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments, introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World. To be followed by'Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders of the day. Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolt'. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING, A Grand Selection from MARTHA, And Selections from DINORATE, TROVATORE, MACBETH', . And numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, ls , Hall. 6d. comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall. The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised expressly for this Establishment), for the performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with Negro delineations, anecdotes, dm., in addition to the usual entertainments. The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.—Sux OFFICE, AUGUST 14, 1860. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 69—highest since noon yesterday. .55—lowest this morning and during the night. 74—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29.75. WIND—S.E. ; light breeze, and fine. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 11h. 34m.—Afternoon, —h. —m, To-monatow.-Morning, 12h. Bm.—Afternoon, 1211. 37m, 4_,T 1 - AP mo w ' , k - . . : -Yi .., , c-5-' A'- 7 1 . ...-7 - t• ~ . .4 - I :rl2 , - . r - ,.; -, i h ;~-,~ THE SUN. LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 14, 1860. An Indian debate in August ! Members, how ever, indemnified themselves for their numerous muster on paper duties by taking leave of absence from Sir C. WOOD'S budget—not more than thirty of them at a time honouring him with their pre sence during the debate. Yet there is no small reason to fear At vigorous and competent manage ment alone can save India from becoming to us what Algeria is to France—that we may have to pay heavily for the honour of governing India. What a change of our notions from the time when India was thought of only as the land of diamonds and rubies, of gems and of hoards of untold treasure. The sad fact now is, that the chief interest we feel about India, in a political point of view, is—how to re dress the deficiency in its revenue. After all Lord STANLEY'S sanguine calculations, and Sir C. WOOD'S endeavours to put the best face on things, and the sending of that finance machine, Mr. JAMES WIL SON, to grind down the deficiency, and to grind revenue out of classes who have hitherto been exempt, or nearly so—Deficiency—Deficiency—is still the Report, and seems likely to be so. There is, indeed, a future which is to help us ; only it seems like that almost unserviceable tense of the grammarians, the Paulo post Future. It has always, yet, been a little in adTance of us. We were pushing on towards a balance just before the mutiny ; that came down on us and deranged all things. During the mutiny, we are informed, the revenue increased, and we were released from the enormous charge for a Sepoy army ; but, not only did a doublei European army swallow up more than the revenue, but we found ourselves saddled with a new and costly army of natives, Sikhs for the most part, who actually outnum bered the old Sepoy army. Again, Mr. WasoN sets to work. He found that the extraordinary expenses of the two years terminating last August had caused a deficiency of £24,000,000 for both years together; and that this year, after such trivial economies as were conceded, he had to face a deficiency of 17,470,000, including guaranteed interest on railway capital—about one million and a quarter. We have repeatedly heard how bravely Mr. I,VILsoN set to work to create new taxes; India was to learn the advantage of an Income Tax ; of licenses for trades of all kinds ; of a to bacco tax, now commuted into a less un popular tax on the trade itself of tobacconist ; but all, it seems, will not avail. This year the proceeds of the new taxes, as might be expected, will not be more than about £1,000,000; but in the year ending April, 1862, they are expected to yield £3,500,000. Still, even so, the deficiency is such as would send down Consols apace did it oc cur in our own revenue. It will be considerably more than £3,000,000 after all What is to be done ? Must the revenue rise to the expenditure, or the expenditure humble itself to the state of the revenue ? For the present year it is plain that some extra provision must be made. Sir CHARLES will ask power, therefore, to raise £3,000,000 by loan, should he wa n t to use the power. He hopes, however, that he shall not need it. We may well wonder where he h as found a mine which will fill up such a financial void. It is from the Indian rail way payments that he hopes to obtain the funds - which will obviate the necessity of using the power to raise a loan. The Railway Commissioners are e xpected to pay in £7,000, 000, while not more than. four or fee millions of it will be wanted io India. But then, what is to be dote with the omi nous fut Why Sir CHAni,Es actually has"hopes that the G 3verLiment of India will make an earnest effort still further to reduce the deficit." The ex _ travagantly paid Civil Service cannot, he thinks, be reduced in cost ! The army he thinks may. One would ti kink so too. The military expenditure for the current year is not less than £17,000,000, for the police £2,ot )0,000, exclusive of buildings, for which, in India, money is spent far more recklessly than even at home. Sir CHARLES thinks it very hard if we cannot save the three millions here. Hard, indeed ! The natives are now disarmed, and the disarmament ought to be sustained and carefully watched. For what can we need an army costing such an enor- mous sum ? Never since the 10,000 Greeks cut their way home from the centre of Asia, not only through effeminate Persians, but through the most warlike mountain tribes of the country, has anything been needed but a small and well equipped European army to march where it pleased, and do what it pleased. The smaller the native army the better, provided it be large enough to save the European part from needlessly harassing duties, to which the former are better adapted. One circumstance which makes the diminution of the native army easy, is that employment has be come so much brisker in India, and wages are in consequence so much advanced, that the soldiers, in great numbers, accept discharge as a boon. Already the railway and engineering works have told so much on the labour market that there appears to be no doubt that, if all were allowed to quit the service who wished, our native army would be reduced as much as is desirable. "In Madras there is," says Sir C. TREVELYAN, " abun dant employment for every one ; the disbanded troops have found there higher wages and more comfortable homes than in the army ;" while till recently, men in the military service were held to be in a better position than others. This is also satisfactory in another respect. It shows that the weans, and therefore the consuming power, of the people are increasing, concurrently with which we may look for an increase of revenue from articles of consumption. _ _ It is, indeed, to public works that we must look in India, for the regeneration of its revenue; and, through the satisfaction they give with our rule, for the reawakening of a public sentiment which shall render mutinies things of the past. The Asiatic races do not, like Europeans, resent the idea of government by a superior, a more martial, or ener getic race, however small its numbers. They only desire to see a beneficial, if it be but a firm or even harsh administration. If under our man agement their land is covered with railways, roads, and canals be made, tanks constructed, the waste waters husbanded and poured forth in irrigation on the land, we shall hear of no more mutinies, The increased numbers earning better wages, or raising larger produce, will be our best Indian domestic army ; nor will the time be distant when the well cleaned cotton of India will be poured into the Manchester market, and relieve that vast city from the opprobrium of being the real stronghold of American slavery. We are happy to believe that the right spirit, in this respect, is arising. The Madras Canal and Irrigation Company has nobly led the way. Irri gation in India is, as Sir C. TREVELYAN as well as Col. ARTHUR COTTON assure us, " sowing water and reaping gold." The railways, as yet but par tially opened, have nevertheless paid well ; and important canals, roads, and water-works are every where in progress, If we can but tide over the present, and press on these improvements vigor ously, we do not despair for India ; but assuredly what she now needs is less the WELLINGTONS and the CLYDES—they have nobly done their part. India needs that the BRUNELS and STEPIIENSONS should do theirs. We learn from the intelligence dated yesterday from Paris that a telegram had been received in that capital from Naples, which stated that on Thursday night the Garibaldians had attempted to land at Altafiume, near Reggio, and also at Cone tello. According to this report they had failed in their attempt, only 200 having succeeded in land ing and escaping into the interior. This is manifestly contradictory of the news received from Naples, dated Saturday even ing, which told us of the rumour being current that 1,500 of GARIBALDI'S Volunteers had landed in Calabria. We may, therefore, re ceive the unfavourable intelligence with suspicion and reserve our opinion until further confirmation of it has arrived. The assertion is doubtless cir culated, or at least exaggerated, by authorities whose wish is father to the thought. The disaster seems certainly improbable, if we remember the disaffected condition of the troops that would oppose the brave followers of the heroic and suc cessful general. It has been currently reported that neither army nor navy will fight for FRANCIS II.; and, indeed, a contemporary, whose information is usually reliable, gives prominence to a rumour which says it is thought probable the fitting son of a contemptible despot will probably abandon the fair dominions he has ruled so briefly and so unworthily. The Patrie mentions that letters from Turin assert that, in order to avoid the serious complica tions which might result from GARIBALDI'S occu pation of Naples, there was a question of sending ' thither a Sardinian corps d'armee, in virtue of a convention between the Governments of Naples and Piedmont. This would indeed be a deathblow to the bright hopes and expectations founded on the Sardinian Monarchy, but it needs something more than the unofficial intelligence of a Parisian correspondent to obtain credence for it. King VICTOR EMMANUEL may be fettered and restrained by diplomatic restrictions and the vicinity of a dangerously powerful ally. He may anticipate a further " rectification of frontiers" should he assume too independent an attitude; but after the many proofs he has given of loyalty to the people and fidelity to the constitution, let us hope that the frank hearted monarch, the valiant soldier, the son of CHARLES ALBERT, will never play so unworthy a part as to assist in maintaining the rule of the effete BOURBON dynasty over the fair Italian province which has so long groaned beneath the tyranny of their race. The recent acts of Count CAVOLTR, it is true, have done much to forfeit the good opinion which was so generally entertained of him in this country. The intricate labyrinth of statecraft seems to have led the able politician who once did good service to the cause of Italian regeneration, far from the manly and honourable course we looked for him to take. It is possible that he may fear the influence GARIBALDI has acquired over the hearts of his countrymen by his long train of brilliant successes. A few days, how ever, must bring us fuller and more certain intelli gence, and mean while the hopes and the sympathy of this country will be with the band of noble volunteers and their heroic leader, who, while statesmen were exchanging despatches, and poten tates dealing in " ideas," have been battling for a great and glorious reality—the independence and liberty of their common country. In nothing do y.:ople more surely manifest their ignorance, or provf, their short-sightedness, than in opposing a popular movement, and running counter to the wishes and will of the community at large. There can be no doubt in the minds of good judges as to what is the popular thing at present. The Volunteer Movement, which was flourishing in full glory before the session opened, is now, at its wearisome close, in the zenith of its rHE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 14, 1860. power, and shines Olt brightly in the undiminished lustre of its renown. Why is this, but because it represents the general' feeling of the country, and thus strikes the chord k that awakens kindred sym pathies throughout the length and breadth of the land. What is without intrinsic merit in itself cannot last, and what is not genuine will never impress. We all heard a ,Ireat deal about the glory and grandeur of free-trade, and the attendant blessings of peace that were to follow in the wake of the French Treaty. It has :not needed for us to wait till the last day of the session, which was to have been celebrated in future history as the era of such wonders, to find out that the golden fruit, when tasted, turned to ashes. And again the country was to be startled from its propriety about Reform ; but those who brought forward the mea sure were not in earnest, and the desire abroad had been exaggerated till it was called a clamour for an indispensable boon to suit the purposes of agi tators. Far different with the Volunteer move ment, which was brought about by the general desire of the people, and which was not created to please despots, nor fabricated to suit dema gogues, like the vaunted treaty and the levelling bills for the representation of the people, the projects that were to have been received with such applause and crowned with so much It is, therefore, strange to find any class or section setting themselves against this plan, prompted by absurd prejudice or influenced by petty motives. The determination recently arrived at by the meeting at Wimbledon will hardly redound to the credit of those who at tended that assembly. Amore unwise and ungra cious refusal could hardly have been made. It is much to be regretted that the Rev. Air. HAY GARTH should have animadverted in such a style about the immorality of rifle-shooting. If it were not for the unfairness of the remarks they would be amusing from their absurdity. It is never by setting forward untenable arguments, and by representing prejudiced opinions that any impression can be made, and any influence exerted. The refusal of the inhabitants to allow the practice of rifle-shoot ing on their common is not so much of a defeat to the Volunteers as it is a disgrace to the neighbour hood. They cannot suppose their protest w ill put down what has been called into existence by the united wishes of the people, and ratified by general approval. These learned folks had better remember the ancient saying, Vox populi, vox Dei, before they throw down the gauntlet in the face of the country. What must this exclusive band think of the Earl of DERBY, who has consented to allow the Lancashire Rifle Corps to have their review in Knowsley Park next month. They must either think him very weak or very wicked. It is to be hoped that the inhabitants of Wimbledon will reconsider their determination ; but if not, they will be the losers in the estimation of all impartial judges as having conducted them selves in a manner reason does not sanction in trying to stem the current of popular opinion, and acting in defiance to the public spirit and private enter. prise of the country. success. THE SICILIAN INSURRECTION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I left Messina on the 2d inst., having been with General Garibaldi throughout the campaign in Sicily, and have come here in compliance with his desire, entrusted with the following document : " Melazzo, Aug. 2. " Captain Edward Styles goes to England with my autho rity. His object is to render advice and guidatce to volun teers who may wish to come here to fight for the liberty of this country. The noble and valorous conduct displayed by the English who have shared with us the dangers and glories of this campaign prompts me to intrust him with this responsibility. " G. GARIBALDI. " General Commanding the National Army in Sicily." I am also intrusted with the expression of the General's appreciation of the sympathy and assist ance which he has received from the British nation. He thinks that assistance may yet take another practical shape, as he believes that there are many in this country who are desirous of taking up arms for the cause of Italian independence, and who re quire only the information and advice which I am empowered to give them. Among those who have fought most bravely under General Garibaldi are several English officers, including Colonel Dunn, who took a prominent part in the hand-to-hand conflict in which the General was lately engaged ; Colonel Peard, known to the world as Garibaldi's Englishman ; and Peter Cunningham ' a British sailor youth, who was first over the wall into the Midst of the Neapolitans in the vineyards of Me lazzo. It is a heartfelt wish of the General to have more of the countrymen of such men as these en gaged with him in the noble strife for Italian free dom. Having taken share in the battles of Cala tafimi, Palermo, and Melazzo, I can testify that Garibaldi cares more for the lives and com forts of his followers than he does for his own, which, indeed, he too rashly exposes. Moreover, those who join him may be certain of receiving all the rewards and honours to which they may be entitled. This has been already suffi ciently evidenced. Much has been accomplished within a short time by a handful of gallant men, who have liberated the whole of Sicily, save one small fort ; but much more still remains to be done, and there will yet be an opportunity afforded for distinction, fame, and promotion under him whom you have so aptly termed "the Italian Washing ton." I shall be happy during the present week to give all the necessary advice and information to those respectable young 'men, especially Rifle Volunteers, as well as to soldiers who have fought, and may wish to gather laurels in the cause of Italy, and to be able to boast in future years that they, too, were of the heroic band that fought under General Garibaldi. The parting wish of the General expressed to me was that he might have as many Englishmen around him as possible.—l have the honour to be, sir, your obedient servant, EDWARD STYLES, Captain, Aide-de Camp to General Garibaldi. Anderton's Hotel, Fleet-street. This morning, Colonel Styles received visits from a great many of the friends and admirers of General Garibaldi, at Anderton's Hotel, Fleet-street. The gallant gentleman merely received each person in one of the drawing-rooms of the hotel, and explained or answered the questions that were put to him. Many of the visitors consisted of Volunteer Riflemen. GARIBALDI'S EXPEDITION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Siit,—The subjoined reached me today. I hope funds will be forthcoming for the purchase of what Garibaldi so urgently needs.—l am, &c., T. D. P. HODGE, Hon. Sec. for the Garibaldi Fund. Anderton's Hotel, Fleet-street. Esercito Meridionale. Messina, August 5, 1860. Dear Hodge,—Receive my deepest gratitude for what you have done for us and the love you bear to niy country, Should you wish to employ any money, generously sub scribed by your countrymen for us, send us before all muskets with bayonets.—Your most affectionate G. GARIBALDI. KEW GARDENS.—The flowers (almost endless in form, size, variety, and colour) in the great parterre or Italian Garden on the terrace in front of the Palm-house and lake, and those on the borders of the grand promenade, are now in their greatest beauty and perfection, and will remain so for several weeks to come. The Conservatory No. 10 is very remarkable just now for the exquisite beauty and variety of folia4 . e, and the gorgeous splendour, artistic combination, and skilful contrast of colour, of the curious and costly plants now in blossom—g,arlanding, festooning, and adorning the crystal walls, roof, and centre of this most beautiful and unique little " Temple of Flora." Several tropical botanical rarities are also in flower in the old and new aquariums or water gardens. THE NEW CANON OF WESTMINSTER.—Lord Pal merston has conferred the canonry in Westminster Abbey, render vacant by the death of the Rev. Edward Repton, M.A., upon the Rev. Evart Nepean, M.A., of Trinity College, Cambridge, chaplain in ordinary to the Queen, in cumbnt of Grosvenor Chapel, South Audley-street, and rector of Heydon-with-Irmingland, near Reepham, Nor folk. The rev. gentleman graduated at Cambridge in 1823, but his name does not appear in the list of those who took honours. The Chancellorship of York Cathedral, vacant by the death of the Rev. Leveson Vernon Harcourt, 'M.A., has been conferred upon the Rev. Dr. C. J. Vaughan, late Headmaster of Harrow School, who has recently been collated by the Archbishop of York to the vicarage of ! Doncaster. LATEST NEWb. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : VIENNA, AUG. 14. Count Rechberg, following the example of Baron von Schleiutz, has just addressed two circular notes to the European Powers, to inform them of the real object of the interview at Toplitz. One of these, in German, is especially intended for the re presentatives of Austria at the German Courts; the other, in French, has been sent to her diplomatic agents abroad. Without allowing the secret of the negotiations at Toplitz to transpire, Count Rechberg communi cates in general terms the complete establishment of an understanding between Austria and Prussia on all great questions of European policy, as well as on questions specially referring to the affairs of Germany. TRIESTE, AUG. 14. When Commander Wullesdorf, with a flotilla, was sent in May last to cruise in the Neapolitan waters, Count Szecheny, the Austrian Minister at Naples, was instructed to inform King Francis 11. that the principal Austrian flotilla was principally destined to be held at the disposal of the young monarch and his family, in the event of the revolu tion compelling them to quit their own country. It is no longer doubted that if Garibaldi suc ceeds in becoming master of Naples the King and his consort would retire on board the imperial flotilla, and afterwards take refuge at Vienna. Prince Petrulla, the Neapolitan Minister at Vienna, who is now at Genoa, has demanded and obtained leave of absence for one year. MUNICH, AUG. 14. Baron Charles Rothschild, who was present at the inauguration of the Salzburg and Munich Railway, had a long audience of the Emperor of Austria yesterday (Monday) in reference to im portant financial measures. CATTARO, AUG. 13. Prince Danilo, of Montenegro, expired here to day, from the effects of the wound received on Sunday last, NAPLES, AUG. 12. A diplomatic note, from the Minister for Foreign Affairs, informs the great Powers that, in case vessels sailing under Sardinian colours should at tempt to disembark Garibaldians, they will be fired upon. Orders have been dispatched to Baron Winspeare to leave Turin at a certain date, should his mission have had no result up to that time. Three Neapolitan journals, hostile to the Govern ment, have been suppressed. A modification of the Ministry and an adjourn• ment of the elections are expected. NAPLES, SATURDAY EVENING. The report is current here that 1,500 Garibaldian volunteers have landed in Calabria. PARIS, AUG. 13. The Patric mentions "under reserve" that letters from Turin assert that in order to avoid the grave complications which might result for Italy from the occupation of the kingdom of Naples by Garibaldi, there was a question of sending a Sardinian corps d'artnee to Naples in virtue of a convention between the Governments of Naples and Piedmont. Jules Favre, known from his opposition to the Government, has been elected batonnier (chief) of the Barristers of Paris. TURIN, AUG. 13. The Official Gazette of Turin publishes an account of the subscriptions to the new loan, according to which the total amount subscribed is 27,594,240 lire Rentes. A circular addressed by the Minister of the In terior to the governors and other functionaries, dated to-day, has been published. This circular is designed to repress illegal inter• ference in the affairs of the state, and to prevent the undertaking of hostile steps against neighbour ing Governments, as well as to punish the instiga tors of desertion. The same circular announces the formation of a corps of volunteers to join the National Guard. TRIESTE, MONDAY. In virtue of the protocol signed at Paris on the 3d instant, Austria is about to augment her naval force in the Syrian waters by three ships of war. During the last few days extraordinary activity has been shown in the Austrian marine. All ves sels fit for service, including the Kaiser, are being armed. The materiel of the arsenal of Venice is being transported to Pola. An attack by Garibaldi is expected. VIENNA, MONDAY. According to a telegram from the Governor of Dalmatia, Prince Danilo was seriously wounded yesterday evening at Cattaro by a Montenegrin refugee, named Kadie, who fired a pistol at the Prince as he was going on board a vessel to return • to Perzagno. The assassin has been arrested, and the Prince is under medical care at Cattaro. ZARA, AUG. 12. The attempt on the life of Prince Danilo took place while on his way from Cattaro to Perzagno. The wound which the Prince received is very serious, but it is not known whether it is mortal. He was fired at at a distance of two paces, the ball passing through the lower part of his body. The Prince was carried into the house of a sur goon, where he now lies. BERLIN, MONDAY. It is certain that Austria has abandoned the idea of having the possession of Venetia guaranteed by Germany. Nevertheless, at the interview at Top litz, a perfect understanding was established be tween Austria and Prussia relative to the basis of the principle of non-intervention in reference to the affairs of Italy. . TLe following will explain the nature of this understanding : " There is no doubt that Garibaldi, aided by the Neapolitan fleet, which he hopes shortly to possess, intends to attack Venice, yet Austria feels strong enough to sustain a conflict alone even against the whole of Italy. " As long as the conflict is only between Austria and Italy, Prussia will observe the principle of non intervention, but if other Great Powers interfere, and thus violate that principle, Germany would not hesitate to support Austria in the maintenance of the rights guaranteed to her by treaties." FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY. There is no change to be remarked in the state of trade in France since last week. Commercial men are waiting the course of events, and Garibaldi's movements are watched with great anxiety. The monthly account published by the Government of the Bank of France on Friday is regarded as favour able in a commercial point of view, inasmuch as the commercial bills discounted have increased by 11,000,000 f. within the last month. The iron masters are still grumbling. They assert that the protection afforded to them by the treaty of commerce with England is insufficient, and that if the Government do not assist them many furnaces must be blown out. The Chamber of Commerce of St. Etienne has presented a petition to the Minister, in which it states that, even with a protecting duty of 48f. a ton on cast metal, 12 out of 32 ironworks in that district were closed. They affect to show that the English ironmasters, after paying an ad valorem duty of 30 per cent., can undersell the French manufacturers in the Paris market by 30f. 50e. the ton on wrought. The continued wet weather is causing alarm, and a peti tion is being numerously signed in Paris for the abolition of the sliding scale. It is not only in the neighbourhood of Paris that this unseasonable weather is experienced, but in various parts of France. Accounts from the banks of the Soane inform us that one-half of the wheat crop has been housed during rain, and that the new wheat weighs scarcely 75 kilogrammes the hectolitre. It has rained almost incessantly at Besangon, and the harvest is saved with difficulty. In the neighbour hood of Strasburg the weather is deplorable, and both wheat and barley have been brought home in very bad condition—the quality, moreover, is very inferior. The bad weather has prevented the far mers in the Beauce from cntting their wheat. The agricultural labours at Clermont-Ferrand have been interrupted by alternate storm and rain. In a word, the accounts taken altogether are unfavourable. BOURSE, August 13.—Business continues very limited. The quotations of Saturday were for a time maintained with some little firmness at the opening of business, but stock after wards becoming offered, prices gave way. For the account, Threes are now at 67f 95c; Mobilier, 680 f ; Northern, 952 f 50c; Orleans, 1,361 f 25c; Austria, 476 f 25c; Lombard, 480 f ; Mediterranean, 880 f. The follow ing are the latest quotations : 41 per per Cents ... 98 I Credit Fonder BBO Do. end month.... 97 90 Belgian 41 — 3 per Cents Do. end month 67 90 I Roman Bank Shares 2825 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 677 50 Spanish Threes 4B Do. Accoun' ——l Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1365 1360 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean. 882 50 .. 881 25 Geneva 365 .. -- -- Southern 5Ol 25 .. 500 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard The Austrian military authorities at Mantua continue to seize proclamations exciting the soldiers to desert, which are largely circulated, and even thrown about the streets. One of them is as follows : " Hungarian soldiers ! Italy is rising to be free. The life of Italy is the life of Hungary. If you combat for us we will combat for you. You must be delivered on the day Venice shall become free I But first of all it is to Naples and to Rome that we must go with Garibaldi. Long live Hungary I Long live Italy !" Papers bearing the printed inscription, " Turr sert by Garibaldi, has come to an understanding with Kossuth—the day approaches !" have also been cir culated in the same city. The King of Sardinia has issued a decree enact ing that the Sardinian citizens belonging to Savoy or Nice, who are desirous of retaining their Sar dinian nationality, must declare their intention to that effect before the Syndic of the place where they intend to settle. A letter from Turin of the 9th says :—" All the volunteers have left, and Genoa has resumed its habitual appearance. Colonel Charras embarked this morning —summoned, it is stated, by Garibaldi himself. Nothing, however, is yet certain as to the command which he is to hold." The Official Gazette of Turin states that the Neapolitan army - is divided into three corps at present ; one of 25,000 men in Calabria; another of 30,000 men at Naples ; and a third of 10,000 between Capua and Gaeta. The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa announces that Mgr. Charvaz, Archbishop of Genoa, has re signed his seat. THE PRINOt OF TVALE .3 AT HALIFAX The New York Herald of Aug. 1 contains a letter from Halifax, under the following characteristic headings :—The Novelty in Halifax. The Prince of Wales on Horseback in a Drenching Rain, Re views the Troops and Volunteers and Likes being Feted. Visits the Rustic Play Ground, and is Delighted with the Greased Pole, the Indian Races, Catching Pigs, and the Fun Generally. The Ball Last Night. &c. &c. &c. The letter is as follows : " Halifax, July 31, 1860. " The prince rode out in plain costume yesterday afternoon, and received a drenching before he re turned, but he sat his horse as coolly in the rain as at starting. At half-past seven he dined at the Government House, with Lord Mulgrave, and a party of forty-six ladies and gentlemen. This morning, at /1 o'clock, the Prince left the Govern ment House in the uniform in which he landed, and, in company with all the members of his suite, rode to the common to review the troops in the garrison and the volunteers. He was received on all sides with enthusiastic cheers from the immense concourse of people collected round the field. The troops consisted of the 62d and 63d regiments, a company of engineers, and five volun teer companies of infantry and one of artillery. When these had formed into line he rode past with his staff, and received them admirably, receiving the most kindly cheers from the multitudes the whole way, which he acknowledged by repeatedly lifting his cocked hat and bowing. He then re turned to where the royal standard hung from a staff, and the troops filed past with beautiful preci sion. He subsequently rode between the lineS, appear ing to enjoy the whole amazingly. He was continually smiling and chatting with the officers near him, and he evidently likes being lionised. At twenty minutes to two he left the field amid a salute from the volunteer artillery, which was the only firing that took place. Ho next inspected the citadel, and re turned to the Government House to luncheon, after which he returned to the common to witness the rustic sports. The Indians in their sports all wore their national costume, and attracted much atten tion. The tribe of Micmacs performed a war dance before him. Seven thousand people were assembled around him at this time. He laughed heartily at the ludicrous g ames and scenes, and appeared very much intereste d in the foot-racing. He dined at half-past seven, with 50 guests, at the Govern ment House. The whole town and the fleet in the harbour are brilliantly illuminated. The wea ther last evening was very wet, and the illumina tions in consequence were not general. The ball in his honour at the Province Building is the grand event to-night, and three thousand guests are expected to be present. The ball and supper rooms aLe magnificent, and the lighting very bril liant. Yesterday and to-day hare been kept as general holidays, and no newspapers have been printed since Saturday. The Prince arrived at the ball, accompanied by all the members of his suite and Lord Mulgrave, at a few minutes before 10; he appeared in his uniform, and looked re markably well and good humoured. He gave a reception to all present in the ball-room, and they passed him in single file. He danced afterwards with Miss Young, niece of the premier, and the daughter of Mr. Pilsbury, United States Consul. He is a capital waltzer, and a very entertaining partner. The ball is a great success, and Albert Edward is in his glory. He evidently likes being lionised, and is fond of gaiety and excite ment. It is amusing to observe the eyes of the ladies in the room and gallery watching his every movement and gesture, arid casting envious glances at his fortunate partners. I heard more than one whisper, What a beautiful dancer,' as he glided in the waltz. He rests his partner fre quently, and fills up the interval with cheerful conversation and remarks upon the company. His finest feature is his nose, which is becoming promi nent, and nearly a Roman. The weather is beauti fully fine, and all Halifax is one grand carnival." NAPOLEON'S COACIIMAN AT ST. HELENA.—There is now residing at Plumsteacl, James Cooper, in his 80th year. This aged veteran attended Napoleon during his confinement at St. Helena. He has no pension, and has to struggle hard ‘, to keep the wolf from the door."—Barough of Greenwich Free Press, THE BBITISIi EXPEDITION TO CHINA (From the Times' Special Correspondent.) After a safe and prosperous voyage the Pekin, aided by the south-west monsoon, has deposited her diplomatic freight at Hong Kong. Soon after day light yesterday morning we sighted the Asses'-ears. Steaming on, amid rocky, barren islets, we pass Deep Bay, and see the masts of her Majesty's steam transport Assistance, with her Majesty's ship Esk on guard by her side. The Assistance was lost on the Ist inst., according to Act of Parliament. She struck on a rock not marked in the chart., but she was hugging the shore so close as to be less than her own length from it. She is a total wreck, and had some £lO,OOO worth of stores on board, which are either destroyed or damaged. With the ensigns of England and France at her main, and gaily dressed in many-coloured bunting, the Pekin steams slowly to her moorings ; and no at the anchor is down and we quit the ship. Most fortunate were the poor castaways of the Malabar in finding such a com mander as Captain Cloete. In this his first voyage in command, and under most trying circumstances —he was obliged to suspend his first officer—Capt. Cloete has exhibited qualities which augur well for his future career. An Oxford man and a scholar, a skilful seaman and a careful navigator, he has brought us safely through these dangerous seas, and been most unremitting in his attentions to all on board. In bearing this public testimony to his merits I do but echo the opinion of the Ambassa dors and of all on board. Hong Kong, " the island of fragrant streams," is I progressing rapidly in wealth and importance. Some 19 years have elapsed since it became a British co lony, at which time its population of 700 Chinese eked out a miserable subsistence by fishing and ca botage. See those gay bungalows perched on the hill-side towards Victoria Peak, or cosily nestling on the margin of the lake ; there reside the heads of those great China houses whose fame is European, and who hence direct the operations which lead to such colossal fortunes. " The living here's uncommon pleasant," as Thackeray sings ; but, alas, you will not " find the air agree." Built on the side and at the base of the mountain, Victoria is completely shut out from the breeze of the south-west monsoon. Not a cat's paw is now stirring on one half of the lake-like harbour. The sun is setting behind the peak, but no sea breeze comes to refresh the jaded body. Across the bay on the mainland is the Kow loon peninsula ; it lies at the foot of the lofty granite hills, which exclude us from all view of the inte rior. This promontory is some two miles long and one wide. The rocks which form it have been heaved about into small hillocks and narrow valleys. Open to the south-west monsoon, which is ruffling the water at its base, Kowloon is the very place for an encampment, for it is dry and airy, and the ground is easy of access. Great Bri• tain has just obtained at a nominal rent a lease of this peninsula in perpetuity from the Governor- General of Kwantung province. Here a great part of the army has been encamped, and a most healthy position it has proved. But Kowloon possesses an additional value. Deep water surrounds the low rocks which fringe it, and at a very trifling cost a pier could be run out, alongside which a 50-gun frigate might coal. This has not been overlooked by Admiral Hope, who has recommended the home authorities to commence operations without delay. A small dockyard already exists at Hong Kong, and a magnificent dock, built of the best granite, and some 325 long, has just been finished by Mr. John Lamont. Hong Kong, therefore, promises to be the naval, as it already is the financial, head quarters. Before leaving Kwantung province let me refer to a case which curiously illustrates our relations with China. For many years an active business has been carried on at Swatow, though it is not one of the five ports opened to trade by the treaty of Nankin. From Swatow, also, have been exported those cargoes of coolies whose sufferings and harsh treatment have so often afforded sub ject for comment. The treaty of Tien-tsin added Swatow and other places to the five ports, but as this treaty was never ratified the Consulates have not been opened. Many com plaints having lately been made, and some little rioting having occurred, Mr. Bruce has concluded a treaty within a treaty, and arranged with the Go vernor of the province that the Consul, Mr. G. W. Caine, shall at once proceed to his post. He goes forthwith, accompanied by Mr. Alabaster as inter preter, and Mr. Cooper as assistant. The armies have assembled in the North—the English at Ta lien-hwan, the French at Chefou, both in the Gulf of Pechele, and about 100 miles from the mouth of the Peiho. A force of 2,000 men has been lea to garrison Hong-kong, consisting of the 21st Madras Native Regiment, a provisional battalion formed of the depots of the British regiments on service in the field, and 250 artillerymen. The health of the troops has been excellent. No epidemics have pre. vailed, and they have suffered more from one cause to which I can merely allude than from any sick ness incidental to a tropical climate. I am happy to say that I hear but one opinion as to the efficiency of the British force, or as to the arrangements made by the chiefs for insuring the health and comfort of the men. Staff Surgeon D. F. Rennie was in structed by Dr. Muir, the principal medical officer, to report on the state of the barracks here with re ference to their sanitary condition. He found the arrangements defective in many particulars, and the barracks overcrowded. Dr. Muir forthwith communicated with Sir Hope Grant, who acted with energy and promptitude. A number of men were removed to the barracks at Stanley, on the south side of the island, and the authorities are now actively engaged in carrying out the necessary sani tary reforms. An additional Deputy Inspector- General of Hospitals being required, Dr. Gordon, C. 8., late of the 10th Foot, has arrived at Hong kong. Dr. Gordon was superintending surgeon of Sir Edward Lugard's column during the late opera tions in India, and received the Order of the Bath for the energy and ability he displayed in that ca pacity. He remains here, and will forward to the Cape all sick and wounded who require a change of climate. There they will be placed in a large sanitarium lately established at Constantia. The Mauritius, the Sir W. Peel, and the Melbourne have been fitted up as ambulant hospital steamers for the conveyance of the sick and wounded. The Lancashire Witch remains as permanent hospitai , ship in the gulf of Pechele, and the Hercules and Princess Charlotte in Hong Kong harbour. Canton is strongly garrisoned. The British force consists of 3,589 men, and includes one European regiment (the 87th Royal Irish Fusiliers, upwards of 1,100 strong), two native regiments, a battery of Royal Artillery, and some detachments. The 87th are much disappointed at . being left behind, and there is certainly no finer regiment in her Ma jesty's service. At the battle of Barrosa they took an eagle from the French, and in commemoration of that event the Imperial bird, with a wreath of laurel, is embroidered on their colours and worn on their shakos. I strongly suspect that this badge of victory has caused them to be left in garrison, lest our allies should take umbrage at seeing it dis played in action before a common enemy. Sir Hope Grant and Admiral Hope left Hong Kong for Shanghai on Monday the 11th inst., and arrived on the 16th. They found a most extraordi• nary state of things awaiting them. The Imperial Government has for months bestowed all its care and attention on the line of the Peiho, where, if native accounts may be credited, a desperate resist ance will be made. In their anxiety to prepare a proper reception for the barbarians the Govern ment forget the Imperial army besieging Nankin, where the rebels have been so long and successfully established. But your Chinaman is a practical . man, and the Imperialist troops, finding them selves forgotten by the No. 1 Mandarins at Pekin, determined to fight no longer but to loot on their own account. They therefore eisbanded,and to se w a n t i tered themselves over th e countr y in eve ry direc tion, pillaging and plun derin g villa ge and Chang, Generalissimo of the Imperial forces, published en deavoured tgo par i o T c e l s a t m t a h ti e on di :_ sorder, an d the followin super i n t e nding all military operations in Chehklang' Commander in - Chief of th e Provincial 4i Ch an g, appointed by Imperial commi ss i on Generalis simo, ( pro perly),Army of liwangsi, a Kituyii (hereditary rank), and Mingyung paturu, makes proclamation. Whereas the vagabond rebels, madly outrageous, having worked their way into Chang-chau and attacked the city of that depart ment, the different positions outside it were, alas I lost one after the other, the troops being few, while the enemy were numerous. The Generalissimo led on his columns to fight fiercely, but the enemy threatening his line of retreat he was unable to enter the city, and was compelled to retire upon Wu-sih, protect the city of that disti ict, and carefully guard the gates of Soochow, that so the great stake might be recovered. On the 4th (24th of May), however, some hundreds of outlaws on horseback made their way to the neighbourhood of Teih-sz-yeu (between Chang-chau and Wu- sih), for the purpose of making a reconnaissance, on which the Generalissimo in person led on some cavalry to the attack, to surround them and exterminate them. The rebels were put to the rout, 11 heads were cut off, and 10 horses taken, and this great victory obtained. On the sth inst (25th of May) some thousand good troops were de spatched to encamp outside the north gate in the neighbour hood of the high bridge, at 20 li from the city, which is secured against harm by the completeness of the above dis positions. Lest, however, the troops and braves scattered in every direction should not know where the camps aro pitched it is expedient to issue a proclamation. This pro clamation is accordingly issued for the information of the military officers and men who fell back from Chang-chau and Tan-yang. Let all who have gone elsewhere return with all speed to IVu.sih and assemble their forces, every man rejoining his own camp, and let the officers command ing call on the leaders of the subordinate divisions for a return of their strength and present it to the Generalissimo , that he may have the data that will enable him to issue the necessary rations and supply the cooking utensils, arms, and tents required; and let them wait for orders where to pitch their camp, so that step by step they may advance to the at tack. They will not be allowed to station themselves at Soo ehow, nor must they go to any distance they please. It is as sumed that officers, soldiers, and militia who have been so long in receipt of rations and pay, who have eaten the fruits of the earth and walked the ground recipients of the I bounty of this illustrious dynasty, which has bred and fed its subjects for centuries, will not fail to feel their conscience stir them, and, joining their sovereign in hatred of his •enemies, exert themselves with energy, that the frontiers of the empire may be made secure and the devilish temper (the rebellion) suppressed ; that they will henceforth assert the dignity of war and recover the different cities taken. So doing their merit will be great, and all alike inviting the reward of his Majesty which will equal their glory and good fortune ? It is the sincere hope of the generalissimo that they will act. Tremble. Let none resist. " A special proclamation. " Posted Hien Fung, 10th year, 4th month, 17th day (June 7, 1860)." Did ever trumpet give sound so uncertain ? Was ever generalissimo so content spargere votes in vulgum ambiguas? He assumes that officers and. men will " feel their conscience stir them." Alas for poor Chang ! John Chinaman knows the value of time and money, and will only give one in ex change for the other. "No catchey piecey dollar no catchee rebels ;" and the dollars are needed for the imperial city, which must at all cost be protected from barbaric invasion. So the spirits which Chang would fain have evoked did not answer his bidding, and Soochow, the second city of the empire, fell into the hands of the rebels. In those hands it still remains, according to the latest accounts, notwith standing an incorrect rumour which prevailed at Shanghai some 10 days ago that the rebels had returned to Nankin. The Governor Su, "oppressed to death," committed suicide at Soochow, and Ho, Governor-General of the province, fled to Shanghai. There he placed himself in communication with. the Allies, whom hebesought to advance on Soo chow (90 miles), and drive out the rebels. This proposition was most properly declined, but the generals, with the approval of Mr. Bruce, offered a guard to protect life and property at Shanghai. Accordingly a force of 400 men and officers of the battalion of Royal Marines under Lieutenant- Colonel Gascoigne, with three howitzers and an. equal number of French, have been placed in an. advantageous position for the defence of the town and factories if attacked by the rebels. The posi tion has been considerably strengthened by out works, and could be reinforced in an hour. Mean while the greatest alarm prevails among the Chinese population of Shanghai, many of whom are leaving the place in equal dread of the soldiery, should they retreat, or the rebels, should they advance upon it. They have not forgotten their miseries when the native town was occupied by the rebels some seven years ago. Nearly all business is suspended, though the Europeans are safe under the protection of the Allied bayonet. An attempt—quite unsuccessful— was made to reassure the Chinese population by the issue of the following proclamation : " Wu, Intendant of the Su-Sung-Tai circuit, issues a proclamation to tranquillize the people. Whereas on the 17th inst. (6th of June) his Excellency the Governor- General Ho, Guardian of the Heir Apparent, came to Shanghai followed by 20 dragon boats and other vessels, escorting the Commissariat, which entered the Hwang-pu from the Wn-sung. The Intendant is apprehensive that the people dwelling along the shores, by paying undue attention to the unfounded reports in circulation, may be seized with alarm. The tranquillity of the quarter may be counted on, as the English and French nations, co-operat ing with the Chinese authorities, have placed a picked force at all important points, by land and water. It is expedient that this should be publicly known, and the Intendant accordingly issues this notice to inform all residing on the shores of the Hwang-pu that, in concert with the military authorities, native and foreign, ho is making the most care ful dispositions for the security of the quarter. Let therm not, therefore, unnecessarily give ear to idle rumours, nor allow themselves to be panic-stricken without a cause. Take heed I Take heed I" "Paradise is above," says the Chinese proverb, "but below are Soochow and Hangchow." Both. these towns are in the hands of the rebels, who can stop the whole trade of Shanghai. Before me is a list of the transports employed by the British Commissariat. No less than 119 vessel's have been taken up, many o f which are been et char steamers. They average 1,000 tons each, and have 17s. 6d. to 225. 6d. pertere char tered tonat pfreights month. Thus varying fromusl2o,oool. a month is paid for transport alone. But this represents a small portion of the necessary Commissariat expenses. BY some mails they have drawn 4 00,0001. upon Eng land and India, and by none less than half that amount. We have no less than 76 pennants in these waters, and the French have 45 ; the cost of the Chinese war must, therefore, already be counted by millions. Except the Assistance we have had no casualties. The French have been less fortunate —one of their transports has been wrecked and an other burnt. The Yangtze steamer, which has just arrived from Shanghai, reports another large French transport in a dangerous position on the north bank near that port. She was firing signals of dis tress, and a gunboat was hastening to her assist ance. My next letter will be from Shanghai, whither I proceed forthwith en route to join the expedition. Lord Elgin sails to-morrow in the Feroze steam sloop of war, and Baron Gros next day in the Saigon, both for Shanghai. Immediately after their arrival active operations on the Peiho will commence. SIR CHAS. l'irOOD AND THE BENGAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.—The Calcutta Price Current, of the 3d of July, published by the Bengal Chamber of Commerce, con tains the following paragraph :—" The committee of the Chamber of Commerce has noticed with surprise the state ment of Sir Charles Wood, in the Hells? of Commons, on the 24th May, that the new customs tariff had been entered inte with the general concurrence of the Chamber, it being well known to the local Government that its course has been one of protest and remonstrance from the commence• ment." The Polynesian, a journal published at Honolulu, announces that the young Prince of Hawaii has been officially proclaimed heir to the throne. The King and- Parliament have decided that each member of the House of Assembly shall receive 150 dollars per session, that 1,000 dollars a year shall be the minimum property qualification of each member, that the number of the House of Nobles shall not exceed 20, and that the franchise shall be the right of all males above 20 years of age. IMPROVED ORDER OF OLD FRIENDS BENEFIT SOClETY.—Yesterday a meeting, attended by nearly 3,000 near o IV r o o od persons, was held at the Roebuck Inn, Buckhurst-hillf An excellent dinner wa s p rov id e d ; the band of the 2d Li fe Guards enlivened the festivities ; and the t hugfhorlydEnglish good feeling displayed throughout proved how well every member appreciated the efforts of the committee to contribute to their comfort. The Loyal King's L o d ge and the Loyal York Lodge had joined their forces on this occasion, and the result was most successful. The order has dispensed upwards of £17,000 in benefits, ig without a single pound on its claimant fund, and has proms grossed to the extent of £2,000 a year. During the year, in one of these lodges, the increase of members has been 261, and the surplus receipts £545 upon the past year. Maul excellent speeches were made and appropriate toasts pro posed, The entertainment passed off most agreeably. DEATH BY DROWNING AT RAMSGATE.- 01 i Sunday morning a roan of the name of Gilbert, who was employed at the water-works at Ramsgate went out t o bathe from one of the b a thi ng - mac hi nes. 'He could 1 . 2. 0 t swim, but somehow get ou t o f hi s d e pth, and after struggling for a few minutes he sank and was drowned the sight and almost within reach of several persons. The poor man leaves a wife and five children in humble circu stances. Some gentlemen who were visiting the town, and who saw the poor fellow drowned, kindly collected ._, sub scriptions for the widow and children, to the amouil c r . neatly £3O, during the day. The unhappy wife was fined of her fifth child only a day or two since ; the latter, by a strange coincidence, dying at the very time the f ather was drowned. „~rr~.~-~.. 2j Paid the 1 bu s i tend bale Ti at tE Ai Blae rate the the t Can Eng ban new comr duck' 218} 1041 Bills tinue ~1 3a rr ; per ( ILPer ( oe v , 3 India Ditt Ditt Ditt bitto .9 0 ,0103 vaeli e tt Ditt Brazil ~,,,,, Diii N ( Po r t,. ItUssi'l Ditt Bat.di r n 4 Pani: Ditt flattel accou: do. Sl , I do 4 Trail., .., /aft, bay , load. too, , load. Tx Iltlalt has site stea 62s per no R., I, Lai