The Sun. — London, England, 1859-09-07 00:00:00

THE VICTORIA BRIDGE (CANADA). (From the Montreal City Guide for August.) This stupendous work, now so near its completion that it is confidently expected to be ready for pub lic accommodation in the ensuing autumn, will ren der the railway from the seaboard to the upper lakes one unbroken line, one continuous route from Portland to Sarnia. It is no stretch of boldness to claim superiority for the St. Lawrence. More than two-and-a-half times the length of the Danube, one-fourth the ex tent greater than the Mississippi—the Amazon but a few miles exceeding it—where is there a stream to be found with a greater variety of scenery, or a climate of greater salubrity than the St. Lawrence ? The lakes which form a continuation of it are in land seas, bearing thousands of craft of every de scription, and of every variety of build and tonnage. They bid fair to be the seat of fisheries—a com merce in themselves. For a thousand miles in this fertile valley now dwells a busy, energetic popu lation, marked by a high civilisation, who have pushed up to its very source. The tributaries are in themselves second only in magnitude to the ,parent stream; and on the area thus drained large cities have risen up, each year increasing in opu lence and magnitude, while the waters which flow by them are as clear as crystal and supply every want. ITS HISTORY, In examining into this part of the subject it is necessary to go back some 12 years, when an effort was made to commence the St. Lawrence and At lantic Railway. As one turns to those days, it seems that Providence has advanced a century. At that period the railway from Lapraire to St. John's --which was worked only during the summer months, and that at the rate of 12 miles per hour— and six miles of railway to Lachine, formed the whole of our railway system. In those days travelling was considered an effort; in some months of the year the mails took six days to pass from Toronto to Montreal, and really one travelled at the risk of life, and the trade which, before the days of railways, had turned by the Ot tawa and St. Lawrence to Montreal, passed through the State of New York to the commercial of the Union. In this position of affairs the mer cantile community of Montreal projected the St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railway. Then arose the question, can the St. Lawrence be bridged ? And here it is our pleasing, as we believe it to be our imperative, duty to inform the readers that to a distinguished merchant citizen of Montreal, the Hon. John Young, belongs the merit of having first recognised, agitated, and urged the commercial necessity of this work. In the year 1853, under the large and liberal financial administration of Inspector-General Hincks (now Governor-General of the Windward Islands), the Victoria-bridge was included in the Government policy for the construction of the Grand Trunk Railway. At this eventful period Mr. Young's labours began rapidly to fructify, and now the great idea of his practical brain has assumed a form and fixedness with which his name will ever be associated, and which will mark his character for intellect and energy, not only in his own time and that of his children, but in the far distant future. To A. M. Ross, Esq., the chief engineer of the Grand Trunk Company, is due the conception of the design and plan of the present magnificent work. Next we have to introduce the name of Mr. Jas. Hodges, the engineer who acted on the part of the contractors, Messrs. Peto, Brassey, and Betts. Com mencing in 1854, it will be finished in 1859; but undoubtedly . its progress has been impeded by the monetary crisis, which has affected the affairs of the company, for it might have been fully two years earlier completed. Thus the amount of work per formed in 1856 was equal to that effected in 1854 and 1856. In 1857 but a very trifling addition was made to the amount of the previous year,. whereas 'in 1858 as much work was done as in the two pre ceding years. When we say that the cost of the bridge is 7,000,000 dollars, we give only a faint idea of the responsibility of directing so great a work. The very force on the river during the last season was a small army. It consists of six steamboats, 72 barges, besides several small craft. These mea sured about 12,000 tons. The steamboats were in the aggregate 450-horse power. They were manned by In the two stone quarries were On various works engaged as artisans and labourers 500 men 450 „ 2,090 „ Total labourers and artisans.. 3,040 „ To this strength.must be added 142 horses, vari ously employed, and four locomotives, the amount of wages being daily 5,000 dols. In round figores there will be 3,000,000 cubic feet of masonry, 10,000 tons of, iron in the tubes ; 2,000,000 rivets, each one fastened by a peculiar process ' and 168 acres of painting. The tubes being painted four times in oil and colour, and each coat giving 32 acres. We must not omit to state that during the last six years the water has been carefully marked in it ; daily height and temperature. The tempera ture of the atmosphere and all meteorological phe nomena have been carfully observed. THE BRIDGE—DESCRIPTION. _ The bridge contains 25 openings of 242 ft., with the exception of the centre span, which is 330 ft., hence the length of the tube is 6,600 ft., approached by embankments, the Montreal end being 1,200 ft., the southern shore of 800 ft., which, including the abutments, make a total of 9,084 ft., or 'll miles, nearly. The abutments are at the base each 278 ft. long, divided into cells of 24 ft., with intervening tie-walls of 5 ft., but at the top they correspond exactly with the length of a tube, 242 ft. in length, and indeed are carried up to the same height, the tells being filled with gravel. To resist the thrust of the ice both the abutments and the piers are fur nished with a cutwater which meets the pier pro per 30 ft. above summer water, the whole height of the abutment being 36 ft. above summer water, the centre pier being 60 ft. ; hence the bridge rises in a grade of 1 in 132 or 40 ft. to the mile, the centre again being a pure level. The centre pier is 24 ft. in width, the remaining piers are but 16 ft. These dimensions are directly under, the girder, for at the foundation the piers are 22 ft. in width, and at summer water 16 ft. Tranversely the piers are 33 ft. limier the girder. Thus the dimensions at the junc tion with cutwater is 16x23 ft., extending outwards to the foundation up stream making the area of the course whence the cutwater fs commenced 16x90 ft., for the foundations vary. In some cases they were as low as 23 ft. below the water, and to obtain good and perfect foundations was a work of very great difficulty. It had been supposed that the bed of the river was rock, which the scour of the rapid stream had kept clear from all deposit ; but it was discovered, , on the contrary, to consist of boulders packed with gravel, and that material called hard pan, an indu rated clay mixed with stone, varying from six to ten feet in depth. Nor must we omit mention of the quicksan.3 which intervened frequently. All this had to be taken out, so that the bed proper of the river—the rock—could be reached, on which the foundations bad to be commenced. This was the crisis of the work ; for until the masonry was above water the parties laboured nigut and day. It must be recollected that during this period the current was running past the works at 10 and 12 miles an hour ; for, owing to the contraction of the water way by the coffer dams, the speed of the river was thus accelerated. These dams were of two kinds — floating dams and ordinary coffer dams. DAMS. . Before entering upon the subject of the dams, - a few words' 'about the mode of layino• off the works is necessary. We have alluded to the elaborate sur vey made on the ice by Mr. T. Rubidge in 1&53, by which the exact and precise depths of the river were determined; and on the map the location of the brid ge was made, the usual reference points being Preserved, by wl , .ich the exact site could be obtained on the ground. The working season of 1853, imme diately preceding the winter survey, was passed in preparation, and it was in the winter following, 1853-4, that the first steps were taken to lay off the abutments and pi ers on the line already traced dur ing the-summer. This work was done on the ice, the distances being carefully measured, and on the ce ntre of the pier b e i ng found, "guides" were framed so that a long iron rod could be rifted and - let fall in the one s p ot t echnically called " jumped," u ntil a hole was drilled into the rock, into which , a bolt was inserted a nd driven . By these means th e precise centre of the pier was establi s h e d w i thin a ' few inches, for in all cases in pumping out the wate r front the dams the bolt was found, practically s eakilig, establishing suffi ciently the p os i t i on of the pier., It has been said that the dams were of two kinds,each having its advantagesand disadvan tages. The floating; dams were, in themselves, fra me d structure: of no mean character, and consisted of rwo parts- One 'part, which, for the moment, we c, tll three sides of a square flgure—the sides being la,;ger than the head—the other piece forming the square. But in order to turn off the current, the head of the square was formed of two minor sides turmed to an angle up stream. They were carefully and strongly framed ; and being caulked, floated of themselves. To place these dams in the proper po sition, :the piece of three sides was taken by a steam boat in tow, and when the dam was approximately, in position, determined instrumentally from the :shore, a .sluice gate was opened, and the water pass ing within it, ;t sank at the required place. The tail piece was subsequently towed. into position. Necessarily a great margin as-to area had to be left, in case of w, ant of success in sinking the crib at the exact spot. At the foundation the piers were 22 by 90, where as the cribs were 120 by 210, which area was of p a Tfectly still water. Operations could accordingly at *once be commenced. A dam proper was constructed within this workable water, and on its completion the pumps were set to work. The othei form of dam was the ordinary cribbing of the country ; and owing to the rapidity of the stream unusual care and tact had to be observed in its con struction. It was commenced with some prelimi nary cribbing, if we may use the word, 20 wide and 100 long, constructed in approximate position as to the site of the piers and placed transversely to the stream above the site of the bridge. The. comparison between these two classes of dams may thus be made :—The floating dam may be used several times, indeed one has been used four times, and it admits of the masonry being completed in one season, and, what is more, early in the sea son, and it has been found to answer best in deep water. Its disadvantage is that it could not be made sufficiently strong to resist the shove of the ice in the winter ; hence it had to be removed before the severe weather came. Consequently, when the period arrived to construct the tube, the side of the pier was naked, and there was no point from whence the scaffolding to support the tube truss could start. With the coffer dam this foundation existed, and hence it was necessary to frame one centre scaffold ing only, whereas with the floating dams three such constructions were necessary, viz., the centre frame, and the scaffold foundation at the side of each pier. Nor was this consideration an unimportant one, for such foundation was obtained by sinking scows and driving piles around them to keep them in position. Otherwise the operations were ,identical. From either dam framing was carried up above the height of the pier, and on the capping pieces was run a railway, to admit the passage of a travelling ma chine, which, mounted with a crab, admitted a contrary passage on itself. Hence stones cf twenty tons were moved. into position as easily as a pound weight is thrown into a scale. On the platform of the dam were constructed sheds to cover the steam engine; the blacksmiths' shop, the store-room, and carpenters' shop ; and thus the scene was presented of these isolated areas of an acre and a quarter dotted along the river, busy with life an d animation, and showing the work in its various stages. The dam perfected, the staging constructed, the travelling machine in position, stone delivered ready for the mason to lay, the anxious moment commenced—that of pumping out the water and get ting in the foundation. Not that the labour was great in removing the water, but that the applica tion of the test, to show the dams were water-tight and if the water would not force its way up from below, naturally created anxiety. Nothing could be better than the pumps used. They were worked centrifugally, and threw 800 gallons a minute, pass ing up stones six inches square—the diameter of the pipe—and it was, moreover, one of those portable affairs that a man could take on his shoulder and move from one place to the other. It was calculated that these pumps lowered the area of the dam at the rate of two feet an hour. Therefore, in eight or ten hours the dam was empty. MAsONRY. Three millions of cubic feet of masonry in the Vic toria Bridge That is to say, if turned into lineal measure, it would reach 510 miles, or as a solid would form a pyramid 215 feet high , having a base of 215 feet square. These figures will give some idea of the solidity of the structure, and the warrant that exists for its endurance for alitime. The stone itself is mostly quarried from Point Claire, and forms the first in the series of lower Silurian, and is known by the geological term of chazy, resting immediately on the calciferous sand rock and the Potsdam sand stone. At Point Claire very extensive quarries have been in operation since 1853, and the engineer stu dent will be well repaid by visiting them, for stones are taken out in as large masses as in any quarry in the world. We see the proof of this fact in the dimensions of the piers—the courses being 3 feet 10 inches and 3 feet to 2 feet 6 inches to above water level, and thence verging into a course 18 inches under the plates, being in length from 7 to 12 feet. One course of ashlar of 3 feet 10 inches was exa mined by the writer ; the perimeter of the pier at this point measured 200 feet. It consists of 32 stones, the lightest of these weighing 7 tons, the heaviest 17 ; the average weight of the whole was 101 tons. Such work may indeed be termed Cyclopean. TUBES. Each tube covers two openings—that is to say, it is fixed in position in the centre, and is free to expand or contract on the adjoining two piers. They are 16 inches by 19 inches at the ends, but they gradually increase to the centre, at which point they are 16 feet by 21 feet 8 inches. The length will accordingly be— Feet. On centre pier Two openings, each of 242 min. .. Resting on east pier Resting on west pier 8 Tot al 516 The expansion rollers are seven in number, in each set of 6 inches diameter is a cast iron frame rolling on planed bed plates; the rollers themselves being turned and the bed plated, they run as smoothly as on glass. The weight of each tube, with all its appurtenances of 516 feet, is about 644 tons; that is to say, for each opening 322 tons. The construction of this character of work is now so well known that much allusion is not necessary. PRESENT CONDITION OF WORK. The abutments and piers are all complete, with the exception of Nos. 14 and 15, which are built 6 feet above water level, and No. 11 pier, which was purposely left untouched in order to leave one channel open for rafts, the waterway being nar rowed between the piers already constructed by the cofferdams. The two former will be finished in 20 days after the working season commenees, the latter by beginning of September. Of the tubes 16 of the 25 are fixed and finished in position. The centre span is completed. And on or about the Ist day of October, in the year of our Lord 1859, this wondrous work will be in full play, bearing the tread of the mighty steam steed, conveying man and all the materials of man's varied business on this great continent fro,n the ocean's shore to the fresh water seas of the remote West. It is expected that the Leviathan steamer, bearing thousands from the Old World, will have arristed at Portland not long after this great cele bration, and thus will Americans be called upon at one and the same time to render hearty homage (as we are sure they will) to the mechanical genius of their brethren of the English dominions, as shown so wondrously in these joint works. MEN AND WOMEN AT HOME. A lady of my acquaintance gives it as her sine qua non of domestic felicity, that the " men of the family" should always be absent at least six hours in the day. And truly a mistress of a family, how ever strong her affection for the male members of it, cannot but acknowledge that this is a great boon. A house where " papa" or "the boys" are always " pottering about," popping in and out at all hours, everlastingly wanting something, or finding fault with something else, is a considerable trial to even feminine patience. And I beg to ask my sex gene rally—in confidence, of course—if it is not the greatest comfort possible when, the masculine hull of the family being cleared out for the day, the house settles down into,regular work and orderly quietness until evening ? Also, it is good for them as well as for us, to have all the inevitable petty domestic "bothers " got over in their absence ; to effect which ought to be one of the prin cipal aims of the mistress of a family. Let them, if possible, return to a quiet smiling home, with all its small annoyances brushed away like the dust and cinders from the grate —which, en passant, is one of the first re quisitions, to make a fireside look comfortable. It might be as well, too, if the master himself could contrive to leave the worldly mud of the day at the scraper outside his door ; however, as these chapters do not presume to lecture the lords of creation, I have nothing more to say on that score. But she who, the minute an unfortunate man comes home, fastens upon him with a long tale of domestic grie vances, real or imagined—how the butcher will never bring the meat in tine, and the baker keeps a false account of loaves—how she is sure cook is given to drink, and that Mary's " cousin" had his dinner off " our" mutton yesterday—why such a lady deserves all she gets; cold looks, sharp speeches, hasty plunges into the convenientinewspaper ;. per haps an angry cigar—a walk, with no invitation for her company—or the club. Poor woman ! sitting crying over her lonely fire, not owning that she is wrong, but only that she is unhappy, and very much ill-used, might one recommend to her notice one golden rule ? " Never pester a man with things that he cannot remedy and does not understand." Also, for her own benefit as well as his, a harmless rhyme, true enough of minor vexations, whatever it may be of the greater griefs, is so philosophically dis p;%es of : " For every evil under the sun, There is a remedy or there's none. If there is one, try and find it ; If there isn't never mind it." in • And when h e comes again, honest man! perhaps ; a little repentant, too, there is but one course og conduct which I recommend to all sensible tomen;, viz., to put her arms round his neck, and—hold her tongue.-- Woman's Thoughts about Women. held a°T.—On Friday after inquest at the London FATAL ACCIDENT TO A PILOT , —On aged 60 years, a pilot., noon Mr. J. Humphreys leceased on the Hospital on the body of Ralph De n al It appeared from the evidence tha e i under the wheels of driver un had time to stop afternoon of the 22d was proceeding along e d Old Gravel-lane, a St ain a b e e o r rg wa e'7 g in o - n t , h a e n - E d a . b s t , fo w r h e en th h e efell ed r the horses the decease d received compound fractures expired of both legs. He was remov ed to the hospital, where on Wednesday from mortification of the injured parts_and injury to the head. The J U FY returned a verdict of acci dental death. r if vi Teri ), 1-, - 4' In 3r THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 7, 1859. BRITISH COLUMBIA. Another blue-book relating to British Columbia hat; just been printed, extending over the six months from the beginning of October, 1858, to the end of March, 1859. The information relating to the colony, both as a gold field and for settlement, is of an interesting character. Governor Douglas made another visit to Fraser River in October, for the administration of justice, and to lay out towns at Fort Hope and Fort Yale, in whose neighbourhoods considerable populations were residing in tents and log-huts.' The Indians made many complaints of the encroachments of the Europeans, but, all cir cumstances considered, order seems to have been preserved in a manner most creditable to all the parties concerned. Governor Douglas defends the Hudson's Bay Company, in one of his despatches, from the charge of injustice and oppression. "On the contrary," he says, "it w ould be an easy matter to prove that they have been of signal ser vice to their country, and that the British territory on the north-we:st coast is an acquisition won for the Crown entirely by their enterprise and energy, for on commencing- operations in this quarter, the whote coast was held by foreigners, and it is only since 1846 that they have derived any real protec tion from the licence to trade, as until that epoch the trade was open to the citizens of the United States in common with the company. A sense of justice leads me to exert the little influence I pos sess in protecting from injustice men who have served their country so faithfully and so well. At this moment I am making use of their establishments for every public office, and to their servants, for want of other means, I commit, in perfect confidence, the custody , of the' public money." It must be borne in mind, in estimating the value of the foregoing, that Governor. Douglas was at that time a servant of the company, which office he only resigned on having the govern ment of British Columbia added to that of Vancou ver's Island. He submitted to the Colonial-office, in the same despatch, the claims of the colony to a grant of £200,000 from the Imperial Treasury, for the purpose of making roads and erecting the ne cessary public buildings ' • but it was intimated to him that the colony must bear its own expenses, and that nothing must be undertaken for which local revenue was not sufficient to provide. An exception was afterwards made in favour of two lighthouses, oneon Bonilla point, in the Strait of Fuca, opposite Cape Flattery (where the Government of the United States has erected a lighthouse), and the other on the Race Islands, a dangerous cluster of rocks at the S.E. point of Vancouver's Island, and nine miles from the harbour of Esquimalt. One half of the expense of erecting these was promised by the Imperial Government. The. first sale of public lands took place towards the close of No vember, the spot selected being the site of a former establishment of the Hudson's Bay Company, known as Old Fort Langley, on the left bank of Fraser River, at about 28 miles from its mouth. The anchorage is good, and the water deep enough for ships close to the bank. With a cheerful aspect, and a surface well adapted for buildings and drain age, a portion of the old site has the disadvantage of being low, and occasionally flooded by the river. The greater part of the locality is, however, a dry, elevated table land, covered with pines and bush. Governor Douglas was induced to have it surveyed, from public attention having been strongly directed to it as a very advantageous site for a commercial town. It was divided into build ing lots, 64 feet by 120, the upset price of which was fixed at £2O. There was so much competition, however, that £145 was obtained for same of the lots, and the average price realised was £4O. About 350 lots out of 3,294 were disposed of, the whole yielding about £13,000 ; but the interest in the site was much weakened shortly afterwards by the selection of a spot on the opposite side of the river, and about 18 miles lower down, as the site of the future capital of the colony. " The colony of Bri tish Columbia," said Governor Donglas, in suggest ing this spot, " possesses an extent of about 500 miles of sea coast, stretching from the point where the 49th parallel of latitude first strikes the coast to the line of the Russian possessions in Portland Inlet. That circumstance obviously suggests the necessity of establishing more than one seaport, where vessels may -enter with cargoes of foreign goods. One, and that of the greatest present im• portance, should be established at the entrance of Fraser River, and another in some con venient and accessible harbour on the coast, north of Vancouver's Island. The ship chan nel into Fraser River winds in a tortuous and narrow passage between sandbanks, and has a depth of water sufficient for vessels drawing 18 feet. Beyond the sands the river increases in depth and the current in force and velocity. The banks of the first ten miles are low, being only a few feet above the water, and there is a wide extent of marshy land on both banks. That low district passed, the country presents a new aspect, being more elevated and covered with pines and other forest trees. That is the point where the seaport town earlobe established to the greatest advantage, as it is accessible to sailing vessels, which, owing to the lofty banks on both sides of the river beyond that point, can rarely depend upon a fair wind, or ascend further without using the warp, or by y the help of steam." It seems to have been originally thought advisable to locate the capital of the colony at the town laid out in November at Old Fort Langley; but Col. Moody reported against that site, on military grounds, and in favour of the north bank of the river. The latter spot received temporarily the name of Queensborough, pending her Majesty's selection of an appellation, which Governor Douglas has hoped would associate the future capital with some mem ber of the Royal family; but the name which her Majesty was pleased to bestow upon it is New Westminster. The unfavourable accounts of the gold diggings which appeared some time ago in the San Fi ancisco journals are not confirmed by those despatches, as the diggers, even at the com mencement of last winter, were still earning from five to 20 dols. a day. The chief drawback was the dearness of provisions, owing to the want of roads, which were in course of being provided. The great work of the season, the road by Harrison's river to a point on Fraser River, beyond the mountaihs, was completed; and a number of mule. trains were en-- gaged in the transport of supplies for the mining populations of Lytton, and the districts beyond that town. This has been an arduous undertak ing, and cost about £lO,OOO. The difficulties en countered were more serious than had been antici patel, arising in a great measure from the want of experienced conductors ; but Governor Douglas states that the work could not, in his opinion, have been done under any circumstances at a cheaper rate. The impression that Harrison's River was navigable into the lake of that name Was dispelled by the discovery, when the,river fell to its lowest state in the winter, of a shallow rapid, about half a-mile long, near the entrance of the laiie. When that obstacle is removed, there will be free passage for steamers of light draught through Harrison's Lake and to Port Douglas. Deposits of gold were constantly being found in new localities, and a specimen of fine copper was found about eight miles below the confluence of Bridge River. It was re ported that silver had been discovered near Fort Yale, but the specimens taken to Victoria proved. valueless. The Board of Trade returns of the im portation of gold having shown an introduction of that metal from British Columbia on only one occa sion, and then to the extent of no more than £B,OOO, Governor Douglas gives estimates and returns which, without professing to be absolutely correct, serve to give an approximate idea of the quantity of gold exported between June and the end of Sept, and remaining in hand at the latter date, and accord inn to which the total production was 106,3050 z. He believes the actual produce of gold to have exceeded this amount, an impression derived from the official returns of goods imported into Vancouver'a Island during the quarter ended September 30, amounting to £231,376, nearly the whole of which appears to have been absorbed in supplying the requirements of British Columbia, and to have been paid for in gold dust. The latest accounts sent home by Go vernor Douglas confirm the previous opinions of the great mineral wealth of that colony'. Specimens of gold from Harrison's River were obtained in' December, adding force to the opinion that the country in that direction is probably not greatly inferior to Fraser River itself as an auriferous dis trict. Bridge River was at that time the favourite gold district, and specimens of silver and copper had been obtained. Reports continued to be re ceived during all the earlier part of the present year of rich deposits of gold in and about Bridge River, and a lump of pure gold, weighing an ounce and a half, had neen found. About the end of March great excitement was created in Victora. by the exhibition of a nugget of pure gold, weighing Hi ounces, procared by the agents of the Hudsun's Bay Company from the Indians of Queen Char lotte's Island. There is a generally prevalent im pression, founded on the discovery of gold in that island in 1851, that it will yet become a productive gold' field. Among the pieces collected at that pe riod was a lump weighing 27 ounces. The real im pediment to the development of the mineral riches of British Columbia appears to be the difficulty - of access to it. A road through the valley of Fraser River, from the coast to the forks of Thomp - s i on?4 River, is much wanted, to open the country for set tlement, for travelling when the river is either flooded or ice-bound, and for driving live stock be- , tween the interior and the coast. This great work 1 has been some time in progress, and was expecte to be completed before the close of the present sea son. STEAM v. SAILING SHIPS. There is, probably, no subject at this• moment which excites so lively an interest in commercial circles as the wonderful growth of the mercantile steam marine, both here and in Europe, and the pos sible effects which that increase is destined to have upon the traffic hitherto prosecuted by means of sailing ships. The first steamship from England arrived at this port on the 23d of April, 1838. Since that period the trade has been gradually in creasing, and we find to-day, after a lapse of 20 years only, no fewer than 14 lines of steamers ploughing the waters of the Atlantic, numbering some 45'ships, of which 35 run out of the port of New . York. We think it is safe to say that most of these vessels have been, and are now run, at a po sitive profit, and that liberal as has been the patron age they have enjoyed, .there never has been, until quite recently, any real apprehension that the prospeaity of these steam•lines was eventually to damage the shipping interest, which still depended upon wind, weather, and canvas. In these latter days,. however, the present depression in freights is referred to by a certain class of theorists, as evi dence of the approaching subversion of sails to steam. This is rather an ex:ravagant philosophy, the conclusions of which are hardly .warranted by the facts. The steamers plying between the United States and the ports on the German Ocean have ex tended our commerce in that direction in a ratio considerably in excess of the capacity of those steamers to accommodate, and an increased number of sailing ships have, consequently, been called to relieve 'the surplus. There are scores of ships 'from* Bremen and Antwerp, and Hamburg, Am sterdam, and Rotterdam, lying at the docks of New York to-day, where dozens would not have been discovered about eight or ten . years since. The steamers unquestionably have deprived the London and Liverpool packets of much of their former trade, but what is lost in this way, it will be found has been more than made up in the material increase of international commerce result ing from the speedier and more certain communi cations which those steamships have conferred upon us. The causes of the present depression, in our humble judgment, are traceable, in a g*at de gree, to the condition of things at the close of the late war with Russia. The necessity of rapid com munication between British and French ports and the Black Sea, for the transportation pf troops and provisions for an army engaged in a contest which it was believed would last for years, occasioned the construction of an immense fleet of screw steamers —a class of vessels which are run at a comparatively reduced expense. An immense number of these vessels were pressed into the service. The French and British Governments chartered them at a hand some advance, in some cases, even upon the origi nal cost. The shipyards of England, for a period of nine months, had as much as they could do to supply the demand for this description of vessels. The result is known ; the war came to an end with the fall of Sebastopol, quite unexpectedly. The charters of the vessels in question, for the most part, expired with the war, and the consequence was, on their simultaneous return home, the Bri tish ports were supplied with a superabundance of tonnage. The superior advantages which the pro peller had to offer to the merchant, in the shape of quick voyages and a rate of freight quite as low as the packets, at once gave steam the preference, and that preference steamers have had ever since. In mercantile operations, as in most other branches of business, time is money, and time gained by the screw over sails is the real key to the great de pression which hns, by these processes, overtaken the sailing vessels. It does not follow, however, that this depression is to be everlasting, but it does follow that, if those whose interests are mostly bound up in the sailing vessels would but adapt themselves to the novel circumstances which sur round them, a great step will have been taken to overtake the profits of which the steam engine bids fair to deprive them. If the propellers can afford to carry passengers and freight from Europe to the United States as cheaply as the sailing vessels, it is preposterous to maintain a competition with them. Steam is sure to beat. Even the poor emigrant will prefer a vessel that will convey him to America in fifteen or eighteen days, to one which may be a month or more on the passage. Exporters and im porters will consult their interest in the same way. If, then, we had a proprietary interest in the packet service, seeing that tliese propellers are a fixed fact, and cannot be reasoned or argued off the high seas, we should at once consider why our true policy did not consist in hauling our most ex pensive vessels off the old beaten tracks now mono polised, or likely to be monopolised, by the fleeter and cheaper propellers, and sending them off on longer voyages, where there is no competition as yet. What should we lose in surrendering the carrying trade with Great Britain, if we should open up a new trade with the remoter ports of the Mediterranean, the, East Indies, and South Ame rica ? On long voyages our new enemy, the pro peller, can hardly compete with us. His voracious appetite for coal alone would eat up his profits, and until some new discovery is made to enable him to perform a voyage of more than 3,000 miles in ex tent, without deranging his complicated machinery, the sailing ship will continue to have the field, in a good degree, to itself.—New York Shipping List. IREL 4 ND. DUBLIN, TUESDAY. TUE EPISCOPAL CRUSADE. The Northern Whig, in the course of a vigorous defence of the National system of education from the attack of the prelates, finds one excuse for their conduct in the long course of persecution endured by the Irish Romanists s " the remnants of which still darken the minds of the priesthood." . The Whig says : "In this enlightened town of Belfast we have incumbents of the Establishment delivering what they are pleased to call Lenten lectures at certain seasons of the year, these compositions being, generally, the bitterest possible tirades against the tenets of the Roman Catholic Church. Then, again,' wo frequently see placarded on the wall the, announcements of ' sermons to be preached and collections made on behalf of missions 'to the Romish population of the west of Ireland.' This is not only very insulting towards the members of the. Church of Rome but it positively savours of something approaching to impertinence on the part of those over-zealous philanthropists who engage in such' pious absurdities When Protestant Ministeri of those sects most addicted to hunting down prose lytes find not a single member of their own Church out of the fold, when their houses of worship are full to the last available sitting, and, when their people arc so far converted as to equal the heathen in outward morality during the six working days of the week, then, but not till then, would they be justified in riding about, lasso in hand, for the pur pose of carrying off from the faith - of their fathers the worshippers connected with the Church of the City on the Seven Hills." THE REVIVALS. The Belfast Newsletter, an authority upon Northern revivalism, states that the movement is only now commencing in right earnest in the capi tal of Ulster. By way of illustrating its progress the Newsletter narrates the particulars of a decided case"—viz.— "On Saturday evening last a young woman named Ann Devlin, residing in Hunter's.row, off Pinkerton's-row, fell off in this state at 11 o'clock, as she had previously stated she would do. There was no clock or other timepiece in the house in which she could be in anywise guided, and yet at the hour ivhich she had named she fell over into a state of unconsciousness to all around, although not of inertion. She was to all appearance quite deaf and speechless, while her countenance was lighted up with a glow of joy and radiant smiles which baffle description. Her Bible and hymn-book lay on her bed, and with her eyes perfectly closed she turnedover the leavesof these books with a rapidity which could not be approached by any one in a con scious state, and in them pointed out the most ap propriate passages and hymns. As for instance she signed with her hand the crowning of the Saviour with a crown of thorns, and quick as thought she turned over the leaves of the Bible, and marked with her finger the passage—''They platted a crown of thorns, and put it about his head, &c. This, and many other portions of Scripture she waled to just as she required to refer them, although she could see nothing. She also invariably selected a hymn to suit the portion of Scripture. Before falling into this state she would recover at 11 o'clock on Sunday night. At that hour last night her poor, miserable rvsulence was filled with all classes. At that hour she began to give signs of returning to her usual state, and at about half-past 11 she was quite re stored to consciousness and the use of her speech. Before recovering she pointed out Zechariah 2 8 inclusive. The reader will readily see the ap ptopriateuess of the passage by referring to 'the Book.' She also point e d ou t th e hymn by Charle§ Wesley, beginning " Glory to , God whose sovereign grace has,animated senseless stones.' 'rho force of these verses and their applicability to the present revival will at once be seen by any will refer to the hymn. These portions of the Word of God aii(l of the hyMn book she turned to while wholly . destitute of the power or use of sight. On recovering her first act was to pray that God might make her useful in bringing others to the SaviOurr and might preserve herself from ever becoming . castaway.' fhis girl is in great poverty, and is an object of Christian charity. ELECTRIC CABLE FROM ALGIERS TO FRANCE. A letter from Toulon, of the 2d inst., informs us that M. Plain, the hydrographical engineer, had arrived there with all the instruments required for taking deep soundings in the Mediterranean, His mission is connected with the plan of laying down an electric cable from Algiers to France direct. He is to embark in the steam corvette Colbert, which has been placed at his disposal by the Minister of Marine. The only telegraphic communication at present existing between Algeria and France is by the cable from Bona to Cagliari. The French Go vernment has for many_ years been occupied with the establishment of a second line, and arrangements have been concluded, so that, unless some unex pected accident occur, the plan will be shortly car ried into execution. The laying of the cable has been granted to a company, the engineer of which is at present in England superintending the manu facture of the cable, which will be soon finished. It is expected that the operation of laying the cable will be completed previous to the setting in of the equinoctial gales. Everybody in Toulon is inquir ing the deitination of the numerous fleet of war steamers and steam transports which are waiting in the roads for orders-either to be laid up in ordinary or to proceed to the Frencn ports on the Atlantic. It is expected that the steam frigates Descartes, Albatross, Caffarelli, Orenoque, Magellan, Panama, Sane, and Darien, together with the transports Nievre and the Seine, will shortly sail from Toulon. The Meuse had sailed for Marseilles to receive the. machinery for the frigate Astree, which is about to be launched at Lorient. The screw transport Yonne is about to sail from Toulon with horses and mules for the French possessions in the Atlantic Ocean. The English steamer Banshee had sailed from Marseilles for Malta. The Coquette was wait ing the arrival of Prince Alfred, to convey him to his frigate, the Euryalus, at Malta. The steam frigate Audacieuse anchored in the roads off Brest on the 28th of August, coming from China, having touched at Cadiz on the 22d. This frigate brought a great number of passengers, together with a quantity of cannon captured at Canton, and a valu able collection of coins, intended for the Royal Library in Paris. The screw transport Ceres sailed from Lorient on the 31st ult. for Toulon, where she will receive a number of convicts, and convey them to Cayenne. CHARGE OF POISONING. Yesterday George Frederick Royal, aged 27, a shoemaker, who is also known by the name of Fred Reynolds and Rynold, was brought before Mr. Seife, at the Thames Police -court, Stepney, 2n re mand, chargnd with poisoning Zipporah - Wright, by administering to her a quantity of canthArides. The antecedents of the prisoner are anything but good He deserted his wife and two children about 18 months ago, in Kensington, and a reward was offered for his apprehension by the parochial autho rities. About the same time he seduced the de ceased, Zipporah Wright, a young woman of re spectable family and connexions, and they cohabited together as man and wife until the day preceding her death. Since he has been at Upper Sydenham he has been paying his addresses to a young woman to whom he represented that he was a single man, and once took her to the Surrey Theatre, and on another occasion to the British Museum. The first witness called was Eleanor Stubbs, who dliosed that she had known the prisoner and the deceased since November last up to the day when deceased died. The prisoner and the deceased, who passed as his wife, lived on tolerably good terms, although now and then they qaarrelled. On the 27th of last April the deceased was confined and got well over her confinement, but about the last Tuesday in May deceased was taken ill, and the prisoner remarked to witness that he did not know what to make of his wife, she was so curious. Be tween 4 and 5 o'clock the same evening a Mrs. Allen came to witness and requested her to go and see deceased, who was very ill. Witness went and found her complaining of pains in her stomach and a burning sensation in her throat, but without vomiting. Witness procured the attendance of Dr. Webb, who came between 7 and 8 o'clock, with 'Mr. Smith, his partner. and sent witness for some medicine. Prisoner came home just before eight o'clock, and although nothing had been said to him about his wife's illness he asked witness " whether the doctor said that he (prisoner) had poisoned her." Witness told him "No." The next morning witness again saw deceased, w,ho said she was a little better. On Thursday morning between 10 and 11 o'clock witness went again and saw the prisoner in the room with deceased. The deceased asked the prisoner to give her something to drink, observing that she was very thirsty. The prisoner upon this gave her some milk which was in a cup •on a chair by her bedside. She still complained of thirst, when the prisoner gave her two cups of water. The remark made by th deceased was "Give me more, as it does not quench my thirst." The prisoner afterwards washed himself, dressed, and went out. Soon after the deceased became worse. Mr. Webb subsequently called and applied turpentine to the deceased's stomach. About four o'clock witness went to the surgeon for some powders. They were mixed and given to her by Mr. Allen. After she took them she exclaimed, " Oh, I shall be sick !" and then vomited. After that she got, greatly worse. The last time witness saw the deceased was on the Thursday, when she was much worse. Margaret Allen, of No. 44, Gough-street, Poplar, said that the deceased and the prisoner hired an apartment in her house in November last, and gave their names as Mr. and Mrs. Royal. They appeared to be in straightened circumstances, but were on tolerably good terms, and did not quarrel much, and were very sober. The health of the deceased, for a woman in her condition, was particularly good, and she got through her confinement very nicely indeed, and became quite well after it. Wit ness's attention was particularly called to the de ceased on Tuesday, the 31st May, when she heard her moaning in her room. On knocking at the door to inquire the cause the prisoner told witness that his wife (the deceased) had been seized with cramp, upon which witness told him to fetch some brandy. A little later the same morning she went into - deceased's room, and found her in bed retching violently. Deceased, on being questioned, said-she hae: taken nothing' except a little beer the day be fore, when out with the prisoner, who drank the remainder of it. Witness applied hot fomentations to her stomach, as deceased complained of pains in her stomach and of burning sensation in the throat. Witness also made her some tea, and when deceased drank it she vomited. After deceased had taken the tea she told witness, in reply to a question, that she had had nothing but a little coffee, which prisoner gave her, since her dinner of the day before. Witness also made her some gruel and arrowroot and toast-water, but vomiting immediately followed after eating the arrowroot gruel. Deceased sent for her on the same day again after dinner, and said she NI as much worse. Witness then went out and fetched deceased's mother and sister, and on her return found the prisonerin deceased's room. Witness then went to a doctor and procured a slate-coloured powder from Mr. Smith, the assistant of Dr. Webb, which she administered to the poor woman in some sugar and water. On the following day June 1. e accompanied the prisoner, who said he ha.l a statement to make, to Dr. Webb's, and on that occasion she asked the prisoner if the deceased had not taken something to hurt herself, and he said, " I am sure she has not." Prisoner also denied using anything injurious in his trade which she could take, and when witness said' that the dying woman had every symptom of poison about her, he asked what made her say that, and added, " I am innocent, I am sure I have not given her any thing." On Wednesday night and Thursday morning she appeared to be getting better ; The deceased's mother left her daughter for a few hours on the Thursday, and asked witness to look after her. The mother was absent from seven o'clock until after dinner. The prisoner was at home on the Thursday in the forenoon, and he gave the deceased some milk. In the after noon he went out. Witness saw him • again at about 11 o'clock, when she called him out of the room, and said to him " The doctor tells me your wife won't get over it, .and won't live more than 30 hours," to which he made no answer what ever. Prisoner went out early next'morning (Fri day), and witness had not since seen him until to day. The poor woman was very bad all day on Fridiy, and died on the next day (Saturday). Witness further deposed that she never saw the pri soner give the deceased anything during her con finement or in the course of her last illness. She had heard that he had given her milk, and also water. On the forenoon of Friday, the day before deceased died, witness asked her if she had ever taken anything to hurt her? to which she replied, " No, riot anything." 4 Witness then asked her if any one lied - given her anything that she thought might have hurt her? Deceased said, "George (die prisoner) gave me some coffee, it was very bit ter ; and he made me take it, became there was nothing else in the room." Witness then said, " Be sure you are right, because the innocent might be blamed if anything was wrong." She said many: times, " May God . forgive him." The dec e a se d suckled hey own child up to the time she was ill.' After that she suckled it twice in her presence.' Witness did not knew if she did so any more. For two or three days after the child was very ill, and continued so until its death. It was a fine healthy child from its-birth., • Mr. Webb, medical officer of the Poplar Union, stated that on the 31st of May he received the relieving officer's order to attend on the deceased. His partner, Mr. Smith, went to the house and prescribei for her. In the course of the even ing Mrs. Wright called. She stated that her daughter was very ill, and that she thought she had been poisoned. In the evening he accom panied Mr. Smith to see the deceased, when he found her in great pain, with an anxious countenance, and all the symptoms of obsteric inflammation. She stated that some coffee had been given to her the previous evening. The deceased was prescribed for, and on the next day was better. In the afternoon of that day the pri soner came to him with Mrs. Wright, and observed to witness that his wife had been suffering froth venereal disease, which he remarked might account for the symptoms. Witness said no, that the symp toms were either the effect of cold or the adminis tration of some irritant medicine. The prisoner then observed that his wife went out with a pair of wet stockings on a few days previously. On the Thursday, the 2d of June, the deceased's mother brought to him some vomiting matter deceased had brought up after having drank some milk, and which was attended with some pain in the stomach. Witness saw the deceased afterwards, and then told her mother that she would not live 30 hours. The deceased expired early in the morning of Saturday, the 4th of June. He afterwards made a post ?nor tem examination of the body. At 7 o'clock Mr. Selfe again adjourned the in quiry until Friday afternoon at 2 o'clock, and the prisoner was remanded. THE LEEDS .IIURDER. APPREHENSION OF ONE OF THE SUP . - POSED MURDERERS. , Matters have been brought to the state described in the account published in The Sun of yesterday, Mr. English, the chief constable of Leeds, took im mediate action, and by some means he was induced to direct his steps to Sheffield, in the hope of find ing the man Normington in some of the collieries in that neighbourhood. Accompanied by the man Smales, who could identify the accused, 'Mr. English arrived in Sheffield by the mail train at midnight on Sunday, and yesterday morning placards were distributed in the town offering a reward for the production of Normington. Mr. English also took steps for making a personal search . for the man, and resolved first to visit the different collieries, and for the purpose of appearing incog. went to the establishment of Mr. Levy, in High•street, and obtained a dress in which he well represented a collier in his Sunday attire, which consisted of velveteen jacket, light trousers, showy red scarf, and cap. Thus dressed, he engaged a cab, and started for Tinsley, to make inquiries in the collieries there. They proceeded down the Wicker, one of the principal thoroughfares in Sheffield, and when near the viaduct the witness who accompanied Mr. English saw, coming along the street, the very man they were in search of. He immediately exclaimed, " Here he is," and jumping out of the cab, seized the man, and held him until Mr. English came up. Normington at once admitted dealing with the pawn ticket, but said he had had it given to him. He had disposed of the dress he wore when Smales first met with him, but there was no difficulty in his identification. Mr. English put him into the cab and took him to the Sheffield Town Hall, where he was detained until four o'clock, at which time he was conveyed to the Midland station, and thence by train to Leeds, in the custody of Mr. English. Mr. Jack son, chief constable of Sheffield, recognised the man as one who had been convicted of some small felony at Oldham, but beyond that there does not appear to be anything in his antecedents which would tell against him. Yesterday morning both Norm in gton and Bearder were examined at the Leeds Town-hall before the mayor (Sir P. Fairbairn) and other magistrates. The evidence given principally affected Norming ton, and constituted a very strong case against him, but during the whole examination he displayed the utmost indifference. The court was crowded. John Fawcett, the witness, a collier at Whit wood, near Castleford, proved that he met Nor mington at the latter place the Monday after the murder. He agreed to go with witness to Whit wood and work as his hurrier, and did so till Thursday, when he suddenly disappeared. On the Monday, at Castleford, the prisoner produced the pawn-ticket for a watch, which he endeavoured to sell, but did not succeed. He said he had pawned the watch. Betsy Fawcett, wife of the previous witness, proved that she saw Normington wash a handker chief, upon which there were marks resembling blood-stains. On the Monday night that the pri soner returned with her husband, the former said he had a pawn-ticket for a watch, which he had pledged for 4s. He said he had either pledged it at Richard Topham's, in Leeds, or had been there with it. Witness believed he said he had pledged it on Saturday. The prisoner Normington denied that he said he had pawned the watch, but that he had bought the ticket as he was coming through to Wakefield. Mrs. Jane Dixon, of Whitwood, at whose house both the Fawcetts and the prisoner lodged, also spoke to seeing Normington wash a pocket-handker chief which bore reddish stains. He put the hand kerchief in his breast in its wet state. The pri soner, when he disappeared, left a shirt, which wit ness subsequently washed. Upon one of the sleeves she noticed two stains, apparently of blood. That portion of the sleeve had also been rinsed out pre viously in dirty water. James Worsman, a collier at Whitwood, proved that on the Tuesday after the murder Normington offered him a pawn ticket for a watch, which he said he had 4 ' popped" for 4s. on the previous Satur day. He also said the watch had been " popped" before for 265., and it was a good one. The pawn ticket produced was the same. George Watkinson; engineman r to Mr. Bower, Hunslet, deposed to Normington having remained in the engine-house at Mr. Bower's works during Saturday night, the 6th ult. During the evening he produced a pawn ticket for a watch, which he said he had pledged. There was nothing particular in his dress or conversation. Frank Magee, who assists the last witness, said the prisoner told him he had " popped" the watch that day. Thomas Dufton, a boy 13 years of age, wbo works at Messrs. Lassey and Wilcox's colliery, Stoney rock, near Harehills-lane, stated that between six and seven o'clock on the morning of the murder Normington and another man went to the pit. Normington had a thick stick with him, which he said would do to hit any man on the way. The stick produced, and which was found in a ploughed field close to the spot where Mr. Broughton was attacked, was, witness was almost sure, the same stick that Normington had that morning. Maria Whiteley, of Marsh-lane, Leeds, stated that Normington and another man came to her house together on the Saturday morning, between seven and eight o'clock, and left their bundles. Normington's companion returned for his bundle after 11 o'clock, and Normington came again about six in the evening, and washed himself and put on a clean shirt. Mr. English, the chief constable, stated that he apprehended th e p r i soner at Sheffield on the pre vious day. He at first denied that he had been at Leeds for the last four months, but at the Masbro' station he acknowledged that he was at Leeds on the day of the murder, and stated that he had pur chased the pawn ticket from an Irish lad whom he knew for 6d. After the exa m i na ti on o f one or two un i mportant witnesses, the prisoner was remanded until Friday next. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—Erps's (Homoeopathic Chemist) Cocoa.' --This esteemed preparation is sold by the prin cipal grocers at Is. 6d. per lb., in llb., ilb., and Vb. packets. Each packet is labelled " James Epps, Homoeo pathic chemist, London." [ADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's Pills. --Bilious com plaints, and all irregularities of the system produced by de praved or over-abundant bile, can always be quickly cor rected by a few doses of these inestimable pills, which are everywhere admired for their rare combination of mildness and power ; for though they conquer with ease and rapidity the most obstinate diseases, they never weaken the stomach or necessitate any interruption of ordinary duties or amuse ments ; on the contrary, they increase the appetite, strengthen the organs of digestion, give increased energy and life to all the animal functions, and fit both the hand and brain for fresh exertions. The sick and enfeebled can easily discover what a happy revolution these pills have the power to effect in the h uman i system. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Medicine always aggravates chronic diseases, such as indi ges ti o n (dyspepsia)) flatu leneY, habitual constipation, nervous, bilious and liverta y complaints, &c., but Du Barr s delicious Revalfn Arabica Food invariably cures them in a very shor t time. ' We extract t wo out of many thousand expressions of grati tude from invalids. Cure 36,418 —Rev. Dr. Minster of cramps, spasms, an d d a ily v omitings. Cure 26,418—Dr._ t- Harvey of diarrh oea an d d e bility. Cure 39,621 —Dr. Wm. zer of consumption. Cure 32,880 --William Hunt, Esq., Barrister,' of paraly s is. Cure 46,270 —Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant, of Frimley, of thirty years diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, part ial deafness. Cure No. 47,121—Mi ss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Na.zing Vicarige- Waltham Cross, Herts, a cure of extreme nervous, "less, indigestion, g atherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies. Cure No. 48,314 —Miss Elizabeth Yeo man, Gateacre, near Liverpool, a cure of ten years dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. (A tins, at Is. 6d. ; lib., 3s. ; 21b., ss. 9d.; 51b., 125.; 12th.. 265. The 101 b, and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post office order, Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly ; Abbis, 60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, Oxford street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopsgf4e• street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. Also at Dublin, Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburgh, Raimes and Co. at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew; at Manchester, Sharp and Scott ; at York, Raimes, Blanchard, and Co. ; ampton, Randall and Son. at South- SPORTING INTELLIGENa WARWICK SEPTEMBER IVIEETING—TITESDAT. The Guy Produce Stakes of 50 sovs each, h ft, for 3-yr . olds ; colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 41b ; certain allowances, One mile. 7 subs. f „ r ) 1 Mr. C. Devon's IndependenQe , Bst 71b .. • . ( 3 . G ee " — 2 Mr. Payne's Harlestone, Bst 71b ............ (Flatraall) Betting-7 to 2 and 4tol on Independence, who Won easily by a length. th 20 a dded; f or The Avon Stakes of 5 sovs each, 3 f t, wi 2 and 3-yr-olds. Certain allowance s. The winnee 11 r to b! sold fol. 100 sovs, &c. Three - qu arters of a mil. subs. 1 ,„, c ) 1 Mr. G. H. Smith's Ringlet, 2 yrs, 6st 111 b *(0 1.1 1 28 .7,10' 2 Mr. Smoliett ' s Circassia, 2 yrs, 6st 41b... • (A. Edwards) 3 Capt. Christie's Stanley, 2 yrs 7st . • ..... ... ( pray) 4 Mr. F. Higgins's Salisbury, 2yrs, at 91b. • • • (Ste velvi Betting—Even and 6t05 on Ringlet, sto 2 agst two beaten 'f The Leamington Stakes of 25 sovs each, 15 ft, and 5 01 1 9 1 Won very easily by a length and a half ; the other declared, &c., with 100 added. Certain penalties. The second to save his stake. Two mile s. 62 subs; 42 of whom declared. Captain Little's Theodora, 6 yrs, E s t 121 b ce) 2 1 Mr. C. Devon's Independence, 3yrs Est 31b (F. Adams) 3 Mr. W. Day's Petra, 3 yrs, s s t Sib .. ....... (J. Adams) ytherns, e, c h i vies The following also ran L=grang 11, Gaspard, Heir-at-Law, Aneurin, The Woman i n Black , and Commodore. Betting-5 to 2 agst Independence, 100 to 30 a gst l'etrsP 4 to 1 agst Cytherus, 6 to 1 agst Gaspard , 7 to 1 agst The°- dora, 10 to 1 each agst harles 11., n eurin, and Corota°- dore, 100 to 6 agst Heir- C a t-Law, 100 A t 5 Longrang e9 1 1 agst Woman in Black. Theodora wai ted to the ha"' l: distance, when she came ont, and won eas il y by thr qua:rters of a length ; a length and a half between the. a second and third . ; half 'a length between the third 40 fourth; Gaspard was fifth, clear of the ot hers ; An °—ril and Commodore next. The last three we re Lonifrall, Woman in Black, and Charles 11. The pace.was ve" bad. ~, for The Castle Park Stakes of 10 sovs each, w ith 50 41 0 "'" 1 two-yr-olds ; colts, Bst 71b ; fillies, Bst 21b. A ll°Walice° and penalties. Three-quarters of a mile: . 9 s ubs ' 1 Captain ChTistie's Cheesecake, Bst 61b . . (Fordhu) 2 Mr. Mathews's Agra, Bst 61b .................... eeler) Betting--4 to lon Cheesecake, who won by tvi° lengthe il The Scurry Handicap of 10 soya each, 5 ft riders. Five furlongs. 3 subs. . Mr. T. Stevens's Chantress, 4 yrs, llst 101b...(E: erier 'L ° The Queen's Plate of 100 gs ; three-yr-olds, Bst 21b 9st 41b; five, 9st 91b; six and aged, 9st 111 b. T vi°l4l Geutlerae course. __,, ) W .o. Mr. Shelley's Lifeboat, 4 yrs, 9st 41b... (L. S ll °' ° ' Fisherman was on the course, but was 084 4° 131e. to .. The Racing Stakes of 5 soya each, with 25 ad4,Cl9, Five a n furlongs.ehritie,Bfor two. 80. Cais yr-olds and upwards. Optional selling We i g uwB' Miss Julia 5(L30 ) Tat 131 b i Captain 2 yrs f . oldh ani) m s . I'') 2 Mr. H. Ivey's Stanley-, 2 . yrs (£3O), sst 71b (G ri ,, -- t ha, 2lb Mr. Fryer's Miss Eleanor, 3 yrs V3O), , 9 arc il 3 ( A. Bdwr 1 Mr. Parker's Lady Harriett colt, 2 yrs ( 1 1 ) :A 5 d g a t ra 7 1 4 6 Mr ß . e A tt n in g g e - 11'; t S o m 4 u o t n , 2 m yr iss s j (t i 3o a ) , , 4 s t s o t 7113. • (SV• liott4nl sm W° l' by three-quarters of a length; two lienagsgtht- i n for. 3 °`' second and third. The winner was bought guineas. a dded. The Shorts Handicap of 3 sous each, with 25 Winners extra. Five furlongs. 23 subs. ) 1 Mr. Barber's King William, 4 yra, 6st 13119' ( 0151511 a w) 2 Clen3elltsl 3 Mr. Le Mert's Bel Esperanza, 5 Est 21b •• ( Mr. W. H. Smith's The, Rover, 3 yrs, s 6st 61b• • (J,st e j 4 Mr. Buchanan's Lady Eglinton, 2 yrs, 121 b • • (TA 5 Mr. T. Roland's Cupid, 3 yrs, sst 101 b... • (A- 421 . a vi volilr Betting-6 to 4on King 'William, 3to 1 agst LauY the --beutesa .. ti L e ton. Won by two lengths ;, same distance between second and third ; bad fourth. LATEST BETTING. ST. LEGER. .( • 6to son Promised Land • " • 6to 1 agst Summerside 20 to 1 agst Napoleon The Continental St. Leger of 10,000 f., at Baden P la t has been won by Count de Lagrange's Nuncia, Bar°ll vi ~, Niviere's Fortune being second. Thirty - f our horses entered. COUNTRY MARK.H7IB. LITERPOOL—Sii.r. 6. ti, sit The arrivals from Ireland and coastwise during .- e 1 six days have been light. . From foreign ports we 10 1 „:: received only 1,769 qrs of wheat, 1,832 qrs of oats, 1,,,P; qrs of beans, 1,675 qrs of Indian corn, 1,871 sacks and 3,v,t", barrels of flour. The exports in the same time coraprT: 1,134 qrs wheat , 446 q rs of Indian corn, 387 qrs of moot 665 sacks and 248 barrels of flour. There weather little activity in the trade during the week. Th dull. —Our market this morning had a fair attendance of O. town and country millers and dealers, and with only a re* tail demand for wheat at a reduction of 2d to 3d per cello; on Friday's rates. Flour in slow request, at 6d per ssa, and barrel lower. Indian corn at about late rates, 11 11 ,E0 fair quantity is taken off for feeding purposes. Oats a a t sale, and rather lower. New oatmeal in god , requeo t 6 ' from 30s to 31S per 2401bs ; Oki neglected. gyptian beaall? peas, and barley were nominally unaltered. NEWCASTLE—SEPT. 6. thi° We had small supply of wheat from the coun tr y morning, the chief .proportion. being.of the new crop s , on quality generally being soft, and prices fully as good,t t is Saturday. Buyers rather brisk. South country wuTh i at scarce, and prices firm.. Foreign neglected, and jaaldersiaid anxious to sell. Barley for grinding brings full P rice° ' re" malting sorts inquired for. Oats rather quiet, holderfsticalt fusing to submit to lower prices. Be ans and peas di mo te quit.. In flour more business d o i ng a t SaturflaY' s ' tations. SHEFFIELD—SEPT 6. ' gl • 17 0 "- Red wheat, per load of 3 imperial bushels... 16s Oa to ns o s White , N g Ocl to 2 ; 6 od ;; Beans ... 185 Od to 21 „ A lf Peas, per qr Grinding barley, per qr' ". ' 4 38 3: gd - d it°° 6 3 4 :: flgu'"A -- u- Malting ditto, 338 Od to ~,,_ Od ” 248 Od t°,, A 6.hs v er Oats a 15 lu " Millers' prices fi; flour—la 6d, is Bd, an . 141 b. v 1 929 Hay, 80s to 85s ; wheat straw, 28s to 365; oat stra to 36s ; turnips, 14a to 16s per ton. ' ' BRISTOLz—SEpT. 6. At our our market to-day new and inferior w heats %Tod ther easier in price, but th ere was a dull te lls 71,0,111 foreign wheat at about late ,prices.- Barly supply and oats 6d ldwer, there bei ng an unusually go od suPr new oats. LEEDS--SEPT. 6. old had a moderate supply of new wheat ;.fule equalities for ev, is of sell at rates scarcely obtainable on Friday ; sorts prices are nominally the same as before. Bee t %pies inquired for and fetches late prices • thin ccmulbarsaleY is are disposed of at irregular values.' The price se' fully as high. Beans in limited demand. Oats, t" --1 ' other articles unchanged. Arrivals this week : Wheat 1,7 55 0" . Barley - Oats 628 Rapeseed Beans Malt - Linseed -- Averages for the week : Wheat 2,078 qrs., at .......:40s 45g 5 0 Peas .... 12 .... ... 40s pd Beans . . 445 sid „ ... . . ... 3 4 2 g g 1010 „ ..... . Barley.... . 26s pad Oats . 370 . Rye ... . .. 3" 6a ....... DIDCOT—Szrr. 6. We had a good attendance at to-day's market,and a fair supply o f were fully maintained. Several samples of new wheat 428 of The extreme prices of last however, lined 386 to 465. Old wheat, best, 468 to 488; inferior, 428 to 46x. Old oats, 24s to 288; new met with a slow sale. Beans and other articles unchanged. BIRTH S. BURN.—On the 3d inst., a t 105, Park-street, Grosvenor square, the wife of Col. P e lh a m Burn, of a son. on GURNEY.—On the 4 th inst., at Hounslow, Mrs. Jas Gurney, ,of a daughter. RANcm.—On the sth inst., at 39, Kensington-Park-gar dens, the wife of R. Ra.ngel, Esq., of a son. VENABLES.—On the 3d inst., at Chester, the wife of the Rev. Charles Venables, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. JJASTINGS—VASHON.—On the 6th inst., at St. ME rtin o r in-theflelds, Rear-Admiral Hastings, of Thornel°e• nea t Worcester, to Mary Ann, widow of the Rev. Jas.Volan Vashon, formerly rector of Salwarpe, Worcestershire. h ROBERTSON—ATIONSCIN.-011 the Ist inst., at the pariB - Box, Wiltshire, Harry Robertson,Esq., fortnery Captain Rifle Brigade, to Eliza, daughter of the'late • Atkinson, Esq., of Austhorpe Lodge, Yorkshire. DEATHS. ARNOULD.—On the 23d July, at Malabar -hill, Bombay; of fever and dysentery, Lady Arnould, the b eloved an u deeply mourned wife of Sir Joseph Arnould. ASILM Bayswater, suddenly, the sth inst., at George Benjamin Ashmead, the emi nent naturalist, /Ate of Duke-street, Grosvenor-square. ANDERSON.—On tha 6th inst., at Clarence-terrace, Nes° Hampton, Dr. Alex. Anderson, formerly of muoptoll - Knightsbridge, aged 97. BLUNT.—On the 2d inst., Walter, second son of the age" Re'll Gerald Blunt, incumbet of Crewe•green, Cheshire, 3} years. cOoPER.—On the sth inst., at Margate, Thomas Cooper, Esq., of Stone Castle, , Dartfo rd, Kent, aged 3 9 . G uisE woon.—On the 3d inst., at Burstow, SurreY,suti denly, George Grisewood , Es q ., late of Fi n chley, a g e ' 45. , M C I u s MARSHALL.—On t . — r e e o t ,nEtdhme 0 n 2a t 0 ninst., atJohn m tl -------.------ LlreshEalol,seasgendd sCBr.°wll' LONDON Printed and Published by AIUT,DO OT N of No. 10, Strand, Printer, a t Tha Sue Office, No. 112; Strand, in the. Precinct of the Sas+ in the conia ithilasex, Wednesday, Septerabe 7 1 1859' T ?rid ~ ii Arid Give the whir reto i I' both Pa reeet r A ofto Vriti Ti ~~.