The Sun. — London, England, 1860-08-31 00:00:00

/11 HEA TR I F.-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Bnekstone. T' HIS EVENING the performances will oommenee with C OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. Charles Mathews, Beni [stone, Compton, Chippendale. Rogers, Mrs. Charles Mat! sews, Miss Weekes, and Mrs. Wilkins. Al iter Vich, PAUL PRY. Mr. and Mrs.:C. Mathews. Commence at 7. OYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.— .L. 4 Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. NIS EVENING, will be performed MACBETH. Mr. Jam lea Anderson and Miss Elsworthy. Ai !ter which, THE FIRST NIGHT. Mr. A. Harris and ifiss; Maria Harris. Commence at 7. ADELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni. Webster. L set nights of the popular Adelphi Drama of Janet Pride. ' F HIS EVENING, JANET PRIDE. Messrs. B. Webster, J. Toole, P. Bedford, Stuart, C. Selby; Miss Woolgar and Was Laidlaw. To conclude with THE ENCHANTED ISLE ; or Raising. dike Wind under the most approved Principles. Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, C. J. Smith, C. Selby, Powell, Romer, :Misses Woolgar, K. Kelly, and Emily Thorne. Doora open at half-past s —Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 till 5. No charge for booking. Private boxes, 42 28. • Family Boxes, 41. Orcliestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony , ; Front Circle Stalls, $5. • Pit ,Stalls, 25.; Pit, ls. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d: Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- ICJ.- Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Was. BATTY. Continued Success of "Mazeppa." A Grand MID-DAY PERFORMANCE will take place on SA". CURDAY next, Sept 1, commencing at Two o'clock. This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of MA ZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments, Introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World. To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders of the day, including the greatest Equestrienne in the world, Madlle. de Berg, whose wonderful Leap through the body of a Mail Coach (a feat never before attempted by any other female) has been nightly received with enthusiasm. Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box-offloe open daily from 11 till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WRIT. Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolti. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING, A Grand Selection from MARTHA, And Selections from DINORAH, TROVATORE, MACBETH, And numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, is Hall. 6d. Comic Vocalists—Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimi.), and C. Marshall. The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised expressly for this Establishment), for the performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with gegro delineations, anecdotes, &c., in addition to the usual entertainments. The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.—SuN OFFICE, AUGUST 3141860. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 68—highest since noon yesterday. 53—lowest this morning and during the night. 65—this day at noon. BAnomrrna-29.60 ; rising. WIND—S.-Westerly; rather fresh, with fine dry weather, but cloudy. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. Om.—Afternoon, 211. 18m. To-moußow.-Morning, 2h. 34m.—Afternoon, 2h. 48m. LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 31, 1860. A Free-trader, or it may be a Tory, in disguise, has sent us an apparently official communication in a large envelope, bearing the following supersciip- tion : " NEW ARRANGEMENTS UNDER THE COMMERCIAL TREATY WITH FRANCE." We opened the envelope with an avidity which afterwards surprised us, and on our drawing out the precious inclosure, which seemed to avoid our grasp—what did we find on unfolding the docu ment? Why, a half sheet of note paper, all in blank ! We turned it, and turned it—still nothing official appeared ! Oh ! thought we, this won't do-- it must be a State secret affair, too important to .be read by vulgar eyes ; it must be in cypher; the ontents must be written in some invisible ink, only known to political confidants like ourselves, for we never divulged a State secret, for obvious reasons • —that we would not be trusted again, and so lose oonr position in the State. Well, we tried the ordinary test of bringing out the mystery, but all with the same result. Well thought we, we shall now try the real extraordinary, and so we did ; and in doing so we nearly burnt our fingers ! "What's to be done—we're foiled again ? The devil's in the thing—that's plain. But, however plain it might seem to more know ing ones, we confess to our utter confusion and dismay that we were not in the secret, nor even consulted as to the contents of it. Did our friend Mr. COBDEN send the communi cation of explaining what had he accomplished by his own " rainbow thread" of Manchester negotia tion ? If so, he ought to have given us the begin niug of " the yarn"—and he might have kept the end of it to himself for all that the country has yet benefited by his occult labours. Perhaps the significance of this " bit of blank," is that England is to fill up all that the plenipotentiaries were un able, in their native modesty, to accomplish, and to speak out—that would amount to a spank new treaty all on our side, for the other was all the other way ! Well, now, why should we be sending our great Corn-law detective over to Paris to be politely done by bows and smiles, in spite of his "unadorned eloquence" of which the treaty will never reap the benefit—when we could have kept his high Plenipotentiaryship at home, and so have saved our money and our character, and thus have left the cunningest people in their own esteem, to wallow in their sour (cheap) wines, and to dis 9ort themselves in the exclusiveness of their own Rags There is such a thing as paying too dear for one's whistle—but we have to pay for no whistle at all. It is all pay and no play ; for people over the way find it better and cheaper to dance to their neigh bours' fine fiddle-strings. The question then arises—one of political economy, we pre sume—how long will people play a losing game that the other side may put money in their pockets, and so laugh in their sleeve at our expense ? Sailors say in an emergency—" look out !—there's the devil to pay, and no pitch hot." But we have been made to pay ' with no pitch at all. Verily, the treaty is now becoming to be understood to the peoples' Cost, for it is all reciprocity on one side, and Mr. GLADSTONE may take credit, for he will get no money on either side, for his inconsiderate gene rosity at the nation's expense. The enthusiastic reception accorded to KOSSUTH on the 26th, immediately upon his wholly unlooked for arrival upon the banks of the Lago di Como becoming known to th e i nhabitants of Bellagio, is ggestive an d a d m i ra bl y oppor at once strikingly su tune. El se where will b e f ound, in our columns of this evenin g, particulars of thi s reception—from which it will he seen t hat the Pop u l ar movement at Beilagio was altogether s p ontan eonB, w as even from first to last clearly and ob viousl y un premeditated. The Hungarian Liberator arrives quite unexpectedly upon the Lake of Como, and there at Bellagi o takes up his abode at the Hotel de la Grande Bretagne. Intelligence of his arrival spreads like wildfir e throughout the neighbourhood. The advent is that no doubt of a simple traveller—but that simple traveller _Ms once been supreme Dictator of 10,000,000 aungariana. Andmay be so again t Who; .... e 1. , _. ..„:._, ...,4.., 4 ,_ -1,-, ,...,W r - , r.„.. , , . a , " .19.• ' W . , k,, • ....ca.-) _2_1,.._ . L ' • \ 1, 4; t. .:: ill,- '" u ' '-t t:- _r. . r.. ,Vnt, , • * -- - =•s-7"-.... THE SUN. shall say to the contrary ? Everything in fact points to probability of the reinstalmeßt in power of the once Governor of Hungary. Everything of late—but nothing more directly than this very de monstration in his favour on the part of a secluded section of the Italian population ! What does that demonstration indicate—of what is it demonstra tive ? It indicates as plainly as any popular move ment ever indicated anything,that the hatred against the Austrian rule south of the Carpathian range is altogether inextinguishable. It is demonstrative of the fact that the Liberation of Lombardy from that rule is merely preliminary to a series of kindred acts of national emancipation. Venetia must follow in the wake of Lombardy. The pear is ripe —and being ripe,must fall as inevitably as NEWTON'S apple, by the sheer force of the universal law of gravitation. At the first breeze it will fall—at the first breeze ? And yonder, in the south of Italy, there is advanc ing irresistibly northwards the simoom, the tornado, the whirlwind of the rising of the whole Italian multitude! GARIBALDI "riding" and "directing" it in its triumphal progress through Sicily, across the straits of Messina, into Calabria, onward from the kindred base of ./Etna to the sympathetic foot of Vesuvius ! It is no mere meaningless ovation, this ardent greeting of KOSSUTH by the Italian population of Bellagio. As we have already remarked here in our first sentence, it is a reception that is at once suggestive and opportune. It is wondrously and admirably opportune, remembering the actual state of things at this juncture, at the opposite extremity of the Roman peninsula. It is vividly and startlingly suggestive, bearing in mind the situation in which Austria is just now placed, in the full glow of the observation, alike of all the greater and lesser powers of Christendom. Hum bled before Italy, before Europe in the memorable campaign of 1859—stripped ignominiously of the most beautiful and the most precious of all her trea sured provinces, that province of which the fair city of Milan is the crown and the capital—driven back defeated at every step, from the borders of Piedmont to the boundaries of the Quadrilateral— shorn of her military prestige in three or four pitched battles, and all but routed in the final conflict at Solferino—Austria has (ever since the untoward concessions made to her by the French EMPEROR at Villa franca) held but by a precarious tenure—the Quadrilateral itself—the province of Venetia—the Kingdom of Hungary. Is it not notorious that but for the premature and abrupt termination of the late Italian War of Independence—the very next move in development of that grand and glorious scheme of emancipation —the very next move was to have been the summon ing to arms by KOSSUTH of the heroic people of Hungary ! The ex-Governer, the sometime libera tor of Hungary, was there at the seat of war in Northern Italy—ready to give the preconcerted signal to his countrymen. He had hastened thither from his ten years' seclusion in his place of exile in England. The Imperial Commander-in-Chief iiof the combined armies of France and Sardinia was understood to have arranged with the illustrious chief of the Magyars the very time and the very manner in which he was to make that terrible diver sion which would (had it only been carried out according to this dexterous prearrangement) have carried confusion into the councils of the Austrian EMPEROR, and have completed the discomfiture of his army and of his Government. Whether or no the victim of imperial duplicity, Kossum was at the very eleventh hour baulked in hif ambition. The signal-horn—not only in his grasp, )ut actually at his lips—was dashed to the dust upon the morrow of Solferino, by the news of that disastrous inter view of the French and Austrian Emperors at Villafranca, with its consequent armistice ripened in the fullness of time into a treaty of pacification ! Since then KOSSUTH has wisely withdrawn into honourable retirement. During the chief part, if not during the entire interval of time that has subsequently elapsed, he has withdrawn from European observation as a sojourner in Switzer land. He has now reappeared upon the stage of public events, and reappeared there effectively and conspicuously. It augurs ominously for Austria that the period of GARIBALDI'S triumphal march upon Naples should be the time, and that Northern Italy should be the scene, of KOSSUTH'S reappear ance. The coincidence, however, if sinister for the Austrian Government, is auspicious in a singular degree for the whole mass of the Italian population. With despots it always seems, in times of a little difficulty, to be " Double or quits." When those outside can easily see how a little reasonable yield ing might give them a long and pleasant lease of all the power that mortals can need over others, they know not how to bend. Every one, not only English liberals, but even their brother despots, could see the position of the late and of the present King of NAPLES, and the very representative of the Hapsburgs himself counselled moderation a little in tyranny. But neither father nor son could see the desperate game he was playing. Not one lash would either tear from his scourge, not one turn less would he give to his rack, not one of his police fiends would he dismiss—till now the pride must break which refused to bend, and FRANCIS 11, must be an unpitied exile—an exile for whom all men feel that such a commutation of his punishment is oo great a mercy. Will it be the same with FRANCIS JOSEPH ? He could advise his brother despot ; can he advise him self ? A short time will now show. At first he seemed to interpret aright the lesson of Solferino. Promises were made of proposals shortly to be offered, which should satisfy all. But most unfortu nate was the beginning. The first attempt was the famous patent of last September, so plausible at first sight, but soon perceived by the Hungarians, to whose Protestant Churches it professed to give the liberties they demanded, to be a designed viola tion of the national rights of their churches. So plain was the object, that Catholics joined earnestly with Protestants in resisting what was, to so large an extent, a denationalising of Hungary. The political scheme which followed was equally felt to be a "mockery and a snare ;"—a " delusion," it hardly pretended to be. It gave to the several pro vinces, or rather nationalities, of the Empire, several councillors each, in an enlarged Reichsrath, or Council of State; and these were, in the first in • stance at least, to be nominated by the EMPEROR. Hungary laughed the proposal to scorn. Not one of her most distinguished men, however conserva tive their politics, would incur the odium of accept ing the Imperial nominations ! With immense difficulty several men of humbler position were at last induced, by promises of liberal procedure in the council, to accept the post of councillors ; with the eyes, however, of their countrymen very sharply in. deed upon them. The Government soon found it, even with a council imperially nominated, necessary to to lerate an unwonted freedom of debate, and the publi cations, too, of the debates. It was also compelled to concede to the council that grand instrument of liberty, the discussion and authorisation of the Imperial Budget. And now, we learn, the Council has accomplished its most important work—the drawing up, by a commune of twenty-one, a programme for the. ad- THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 31, 1866. ministration of the Provinces which compose the Empire. The majority, in which of course the Hungarian Councillors are the most active, have agreed on a scheme which would render each na tionality a sovereign state, almost as much so as the several States of America. The minority even has been obliged, judging by the vague terms in which they express themselves, to concede a measure of independent representation, and of municipal action, which has never been dreamed of since 1851. Of course, great effort is made by the minority to preserve the Unity of the Empire. Perhaps, in its essential character, the struggle be tween the Federalists and the Democrats of Ame rica—one desirous to strengthen the central Go vernment, the other oaring moat for the rights of the separate States—may illustrate that between the majority and minority of the Committee of the Reichsrath. What will the EMPEROR do ? We are told he is sending frequently for the Hungarians, and conferring with them; we may be sure desiring, if possible, to induce them to mitigate their demands. Will they convince him, or he persuade them, to commit themselves to a hopeless self-degradation in the eyes of their countrymen ? If neither party move the other, which will triumph—Hungary or the EMPEROR ? It would border on a miracle if anything frank, anything fairly acknowledging the rights which were violently wrested from Hungary by the aid of Russian bayonets, should be conceded by the EMPEROR and by his hated bureaucratic Germans. Neither THIIN nor RECHBERG know how to yield. Germans fancy all Hungary and its connected states, with Bohemia and the Tyrol, were made for them to govern ! several of the most freedom-loving races of Europe, outnumbering the Germans themselves—able, as they showed in 1848, and had showed on numerous occasions be fore, to thrash the Germans soundly in the field— are all to be subjected to a few millions of politi cally enslaved natives of the small Archduchy, and to the despot whose bondsmen they are ! Well may the nationalities resent this. Well may they raise the cry " Hungary for the Hun garians," " Bohemia for the Bohemians," till the shout resounds from every quarter to Vienna that the Duchy of the Hapsburgs must be but one state of many. For some little time we have heard nothing very remarkable from Hungary. Awaiting the result of the Reichsrath's deliberations she has kept com paratively quiet. But her determination and firm ness have been maintained, and even grown in the interval. All classes share the feeling. The point with Hungarians is—their historical rights. The point with Austria is to octrai a constitution, for the obvious reason that what a monarch gives a monarch can modify or cancel. The Hungarians refuse a royal gift, and most justly maintain that the Hapsburgs have not a shadow of a right in Hungary but that of the treaties made by the Hungarians with the dynasty. Even the Russian conquest will not serve the latter, for by the most solemn engagements, if the. EMPEROR introduces foreign soldiers, he forfeits his crown. Hungary is a greater nation than Austria Proper; and it re fuses to be anything else than a kingdom of Hun gary, constitutionally governed. It does but demand what the present monarch arbitrarily, and in de fiance of solemn engagements, took away in 1851. So lately as the 20th, the feast of ST. STEPHEN, their first King and national saint, the universal display of nationality knew no bounds, earnestly as the Austrians desired to suppress it. The vene rable Catholic Primate of Hangary, in spite of threats and entreaties, took a prominent part in it. Mr. CRAWFORD, one of our members, was present; and his expressions of sympathy at a public feast, being translated to the company, were received with very natural applause; and when General BENEDEK made a speech, giving due honour to the Archbishop, and spoke as faithful to the "Emperor," as he was true to his native country, the aged Primate rose, and elec trified the soldier and the company, by immedi ately exclaiming—" Long live the King." Such is the feeling indeed that BENEDEK, sent to Hun. gary to coerce if he could not conciliate, has returned to Vienna to resign his charge, telling the Emperor that he must concede the Hungarian demands. It is a striking indication of the way in which things are viewed, in quarters where we should look for very different opinions, that our old Rus sian, or Russianizing friend, Le Nord, is actually proving elaborately that the Hapsburgs must be come the centre of government to such a confede ration of Independent States, constitutionally governed, as the Hungarians desire; or, that Austria must cease to be ! There was at one time a reason for her existence, as an Empire—that of resisting the Turks and defending Christianity. That reason is now gone. There is literally no use for Austria unless she can take her place as a pivot on which the autonomically governed states should work. If Austria does not understand her position, she will fall to pieces at the first shock which she may any day receive ! Such is the language of the Czar's old organ ! A little spite there may be in it, but there is evidently, also, a clear perception of what all see, outside of the Austrian Empire, that to be strong, the haughty stubborn Hapsburg must accept the position of a President of free and inde pendent states. THE Bth GRENADIERS. LATEST NE WS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : BEYROUT, AUG. 22. On Monday morning Fuad Pasha hanged 57 Mos lems, belonging to different classes, in various parts of the town, and shot 110 policemen and Bashi- Bazouks at the great Meidan. The city was perfectly quiet. BEYROUT, AUG. 22. (via MARSEILLES). By order of Fuad Pasha, 70 individuals, convicted of having taken part in the late massacres, have been hung, and 110 soldiers shot. He has compelled 3,000 inhabitants of Damascus to enter the army. 4,500 soldiers of the French expedition have dis embarked here. The steamer Ganges has not yet arrived. MARSEILLES, AUG. 30. Letters from Algiers state that GO,OOO Arab horsemen from all the tribes of Algeria, and even from Tunis, are making preparations to be present at the fete to be given in honour of the Emperor on which occasion they will execute manoeuvres on a grand scale. CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 22, Notwithstanding the representations of the Am bassadors, Kurschid Pasha remained at Constan tinople until the Marquis de Lavalette again in sisted on and obtained his departure, in order that he might be brought to trial in Syria. The Mussulman inhabitants are assuming a threatening attitude. The garrison has been in creased, but the soldiers' pay is still in arrear. According to advices from Syria, Gen. Beaufort, in a proclamation, had prohibited the Maronites from renewing the conflict. MESSINA, AUG. 26 (via IVI ARsuLLEs.) Colonel Deflotte, the French Republican and one of Garibaldi's officers, was killed in the engagement before Reggio. Garibaldi ordered splendid obsequies in his honour. GENEVA, THURSDAY. It is stated that the Federal Council, having been solicited ty the French Government to send a de putation to Thonon to greet the Emperor, replied that there was no occasion to take such a step. The French Government continually complains of ill-treatment of French subjects in Switzerland. It has been proved that up to the present time those complaints have been mere calumnies. VIENNA, AUG. 31. It is asserted that the Ministers have agreed to propose the following resolution for adoption by his Majesty, viz. : That at the opening of the first full sitting of the Reichsrath the President, Archduke Renier, should read to the Assembly an autograph letter of the Em peror. In this letter, after having stated the since rity of his intentions to give satisfaction to the legi timate wishes of the people, the Emperor should promise to take into serious consideration the views expressed in the two reports of the Committee of 21. But, while awaiting a means to recon cile the opposite tendencies of the majority and minority of that Committee, the Emperor, in order not to adjourn the political regeneration of the empire, considers that in his sovereign capacity he should grant the statutes of the provin cial diets, and fix beforehand their precise privi leges, thus assuring and guaranteeing the auto nomy of each province. Also that the promulgation of these statutes should not in any way prejudice the right of the Diets to claim changes and modifications of proved necessity and utility. The autograph letter should likewise announce the immediate promulgation of the electoral law, both as regards the formation of the provincial diets and the definitive constitution of the enlarged Council of the Empire. The Ministers hope that such an autograph let ter would prevent political debates in the Reichs rath, and allow the Government to tranquilly close the session with the increased confidence of the country. TRIESTE, AUG. 31. The Austrian Government, forseeing an attack on Venetia, is most actively carrying on the works for the completion of a branch line to connect the Venetian railways with those of Germany. On the sth of September the line from Nabresina to Udine will be inaugurated. This railway will enable Austria to transport a considerable farce to Venetia in a few days. MADRID, AUG. 30. The Emperor of the French, on his return journey from Algeria, will stop at Barcelona, where he wishes to have an interview with Queen Isabella 11. FRANCE. BOURSE, Aug. 30.—Busiaess continues almost at a standstill, but prices have been well maintained. For the Account, Threes, which opened at 67f 95c, are now at 68f 24-c ; Mobilier, 683 f 75c ; Orleans, 1,373 f 75c; Northern, 953 f 75c; Medi terranean, 885 f ; Austrian, 483 f 75c ; Lombard, 473 f 75c. The following are the last quotations : ft per per Cents... 97 50 Credit Fonder 902 50 Do end month.... —1 Belgian 4f 9B 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 51 Roman Bank Shares 2820 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 687 50 Spanish Threes 47f Do. Account 686 25 Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1373 75 .. 1372 50 Northern New ditto B7O .. 868 75 Lyons and Mediterranean 886 25 .. 883 75 Geneva 362 50 .. 361 25 Southern 495 .. 496 25 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard ...,2. . 477 50 .. 476 25 sources of the Nile expedition, which arrived in the Forte, and a party from the Cape which had volun teered to assist. The expedition would land at Zanzibar. Parliament was prorogued on the 17th. In the session, which lasted 80 days, 31 bills had been passed, and nearly a million sterling voted. The excavations for a breakwater in Table Bay had been commenced. A telegraph line from Cape Town to the frontier would be laid down next year. The Natal Railway has been opened. The Free State and Transvaal were tranquil and prosperous. One hundred Mapal Kaffir hunters had been massacred in Zululand. The frontier Kaffirs were unsettled, and horse stealing had increased to an alarming extent. No news of Dr. Livingstone's expedition. The missionaries in Mosilikatses had been badly treated. Mr. Moffatt was daily expected from that country. Business at the Cape was exceedingly slack. Im ports were very dull. The only vessel which had cleared with exports was the•mail steamer Norman. Shipments of wine withheld. Salt was in great demand. AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY MORNING. The United States stermer Arago, Captain Lines, with dates from New York of the 18th inst., has arrived. She brings 75 passengers for Havre, and 10 for Southampton, and for France 700,000 dols. in treasure. Mr. Douglas was at Brunswick and Portland on the 17th, where he made lengthy speeches. The New York Herald says : " Advices from Hong Kong, China, state, that attempts had been made to hurry the British forces northward, but owing to bad weather several casualties had occurred. Two large transport vessels had been wrecked, and another laid up for repairs ; another having caught fire was scuttled. A new steamer had been purchased by the English Admiral, who deemed his forces sufficient to attack the forts. The French force would not be ready for co-operation until the present month. Am impression prevailed that as the Allied Powers evinced no sympathy with the Nankin insurgents, it would have a favourable impression on the authorities at Pekin, and induce the Government to listen to conciliatory advice. A battle had taken place with the Imperial troops and Nankin insurgents, in which the former were defeated. The Imperial troops were besieged in the city of Chan Chow. Much fear was manifested at Shanghai at the pro gress of the rebellion, owing to its proximity to the scene of operations and the danger of Foo Choo, one of the most important manufacturing and commercial cities of the em pire, falling into the hands of the insurgents. The British and French gunboats had captured and burnt a number of piratical junks." COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, AVG. 17, 6 P.M. Monday-market steady. Good paper goes without diffi culty at 6to 7. Most of the brokers were paying 6 for call loans ; a few stood out at 51. A fair business in foreign exchange ; rates are steady. The leading drawers ask 1091 to 110 for 60 days' bills on London, and 1101 to 110 k for short sight. The cotton market was steady. Sales reached 1,000 bales, closing firm. Flour heavy; demand moderate; market closed at lower rates, especially for State descriptions. Flour without change in prices ; sales less active. Wheat irregular, with active sales ; market closed in favour ofpur chasers. Corn dull, and lower sales; Western mixed, 61c. to 62c. NEW ORLEANS, Aua. 17. Cotton firm. Sales 600 bales, at 10Ic. to 101 c. for mid dling. Sales of the week, 2,950 bales. Flour quiet. Corn quiet; mixed, 55c.; yellow, 65c. Provisions quiet, but firm. Coffee firm; sales 900 bags, 13fc. to 16c. Stock 1,600 bags, against 21,000 last year. Exchange on London, 1094 to 110, and with bills of lad ing 1081 to 1094 sight. Exchange on New York, kto i per cent. premium. Freights—Cotton to Liverpool, 19s. 0-32 d. BUFFALO, AUG. 17. Flour steady, demand moderate. Wheat in fair request. Corn dull ; sales 17,000 bushels, at 50c. OSWEGA, Aua. 17. Flour dull, unchanz, , ed. Wheat in good demand ; sales 6,000 bushels. 4 . 1 7v1,1 CAO• Flour active, and sc. to 163. lower. Wheat dull, and lic. lower; sales 80,000 bushels, at 80c. to 81c. CINCINNATI, AUG 17. _ Flour steady, unchanged ; supply exceeds demand. Provisions quiet; nothing doing; holders firm. Money market unchanged. TIIE INVASION OF CALAB.R.I.A. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) MESSINA, AUG. 21. Last night news arrived from the other side. Garibaldi was in the neighbourhood of Reggio, and had been joined by several hundred Calabreso Volunteers. His intention was to be in Reggio to day at dawn. In the latter place there were but 700 men of the garrison, and these were not in the town, but outside on the road where Garibaldi was coming. The town was in the hands of 1,500 Na tional Guards who were ready to join Garibaldi. That very day 500 more muskets had been distri buted by the Neapolitans to the National Guard. The letter contained an order for the second brigade of Turr's Division to embark in the harbour of Mes- sina during the night and be on the other side towards dawn. At the same time it was ordered that as soon as the attack on Reggio took place Cosenz's Division at the Faro should make an effort to effect a landing, and thus cause a diversion on that side. Garibaldi's letter sent yesterday con tained a request to the commander of the Carlo Alberto to go down and help to get off the Torino. The request was made accordingly, and the Carlo Alberto proceeded yesterday evening towards DTelito. Whether the Torino can ever be made to float again, and whether she will be even then worth anything, remains to be seen, for yesterday at dawn a Neapolitan frigate and a steamer, which had been sent down at the first notice of the land ing, opened fire on the stranded vessel and kept it up for some time. The French packet was just passing when this took place, but owing to the haze could not tell what the effect of the Neapolitan fire had been. The order concerning the embarkation of the second brigade of Turr's Division was immediately given, and by 1 a.m. in the morning the brigade was ready-to embark in the Queen of England, the Franklin, and the Sidney Hall, which had arrived with some hundred men in the evening from Genoa. But it seems the Neapolitans got information on the subject, for one of their large frigates placed her self right at the entrance of the harbour, so that all idea of going out with the steamers had to be given up. This morning at daybreak there was a heavy fire of musketry, first in the vicinity and then in Reggio itself. Two Neapolitan steamers and five gunboats soon opened fire likewise. This firing lasted for several hours; after some time the fort of Reggio joined also. About 8 a.m. the musketry fire ceased, but the ships continued to fire on the town. About 9 a.m. the fort, which had ceased firing for some time, commenced again, but no answer was returned from the shipping. It is past noon, and the firing has ceased on that side, but no notice has as yet reached us of the success or failure of the attack on Reggio. The firing of the Neapolitan ships on the town would make one suppose that the forces under Garibaldi had entered the town, while the begin ning of the cannonade from the fort seems to indi cate that the Neapolitans had withdrawn to the fort. While this was passing towards Reggio a part of Cosenz's Division embarked in boats at the Faro. It was broad daylight when the expedition started, in spite of four Neapolitan steamers which were cruising in the neighbourhood. Two others which were on their way to Reggio turned likewise as soon as they saw the movement from the Faro. All these steamers approached the fort of the Fiumara, ,towards which the expedition had started, and opened fire, as well as the three forts of Scylla, Fiumara, and Punta di Pozzo. The batteries on the Faro opened also for the first time. A well-sus tained fire was kept up on both sides till 9 a.m., but as at Reggio, we are still in the dark as to how far the disembarkation has been successful. 10 A.M. The firing at Reggio has again begun. The sound of musketry is distinctly heard in the town, and the fort is likewise firing towards the town. This leaves no doubt that the town has been entered by our people, and that the troops are in the fort. You may imagine the agitation which the sight of all thii produces, and every one is waiting anxiously for the order of embarkation. The loss of the Torino was a heavy blow for us, who are not over rich in means of transport. According to accounts just come in, the vessel has been burnt by the Neapoli tans. 11 30 A.M. Just now the following message was brought in. It was sent from the semaphore station, close to Reggio, to the citadel, and was to the following effect : " 10 35.—At Reggio two cannon-shots from the castle, towards the land. The musketry fire con tinues brisk. 10 50.—The fire has ceased." 1 P.M. The mail leaves, but no news yet from the other side. The firing has ceased. TILE MASSACRES IN SYRIA. (From the Special Correspondent of the Times.) BEYROUT, AUG. IG. Probably as good a test as any of the condition of Damascus, and of the success which has attended the efforts of Fuad Pasha for the vindication of the Sultan's authority and the re-establishment of order, will be found in the fact that within the last few days commercial remittances have been made from there to merchants in Beyrout, and Moslem debtors have begun to satisfy the claims of their Frank cre ditors. Further, Mahomedan dealers have recently purchased largely for cash to send into the interior. Fuad Pasha has not yet commenced public execu tions, and of course has created great impatience. The reason of the delay has been a desire to discover all who have been guilty of participation in the mas sacres, and to give to these executions the appear ance and character of a solemn work of retributive justice, in order that it may serve as a terrible warn ing to all Moslems throughout the empire. There are now 48 persons under sentence of death, who will, doubtless, have been executed before the mail leaves, and 350 found guilty of crimes for which the punishment is death, all of whom it is believed will be sentenced and executed accordingly, this week, when Fuad Pasha declares it his intention to satisfy Europe, and to prove his master to be far less malade than he is rumoured to be. Another motive for the delay has been the wish to confront Ahmed Pasha, the late Governor of Damascus, with his instru ments and accomplices in crime. This creature, who was publicly degraded at Constantinople, was sent off to the scene of his misdeeds last Sunday under armed escort. He was expected to arrive on Tuesday, when he was to be immediately tried—a mere form, for the proofs of his guilt are innumerable and inexcusable—and:executed, for which he is stated to be quite prepared. His companion in crime and fellow-conspirator against the Christians, Kurschid Pasha, the late Governor of Beyrout, has written to one of his friends here stating that he has not been punished, but simply ordered to retire to his coun tryhouse, which he has done. The letter has been placed in the hands of our present civil Governor Mustapha Pasha, who is said to possess proofs of Kurschid's guilt, including, among other things, letters addressed to the Metawilehs, ordering them to unite with the Druses against the Christians. Until Kurschid Pasha shares the fate of Ahmed Pasha the European and Christian inhabitants of this town will not be satisfied. The wish for the man's punishment proceeds from no unreasonable craving for vengeance, but from the conviction of his guilt. As mentioned in a previous communication, Mr. Cyril Graham went on a mission of inquiry into the districts around Hasbeya and Rasheya. He started on the Bth with an escort selected from among Abd el-Kader's faithful Algerians, and 20,000 piastres given to him by Fuad Pasha to relieve the more immediate necessities of the Christians, of whom it was represented 2,500, mostly widows and children, were living on the charity of the Druses in a very precarious and painful condition. On the morning of the 9th he arrived at Rasheya, where out of a population of upwards of 3,000 inhabitants, he found =IVO la.. 1N...., ,100 -•••••., were men, the rest having been slain or compelled to fly for their lives hither. Mr. Graham had an interview with the Druse chief, Khayai-el-Arim, and subsequently with Mahommed-en-Nasar, who was the chief instigator of the massacre of the 11th of June. The assembling of the Christians and dis tribution of money among them excited the jealousy and ill will of the Druses, who threateningly asked what right Mr. Graham had to interfere in their district, and gave him a very intelligible hint that his life might pay the penalty of his interference. This menace, especially when directed against an Englishman, and one so well known as Mr. Graham, is one of the worst features of the case, as showing the degree of desperation to which the Druses are excited. Indeed, they repeatedly boasted that if the French landed they would slaughter all the Christians and retire into the natural fastnesses of the interior—the Lejah, from which it would be a work of time and cost to expel them. From a similar campaign Ibrahim Pasha returned with only 9,000 men out of an army of 40,000 men, and in 1852 a Turkish army was there most ignominiously defeated. Mohammed openly stated that he and his people despised the Sultan, and that they were con vinced the slaughter of the Christians would be acceptable to England as tending to reduce French influence. The savage could not be persuaded of the contrary, and appeared to believe that, come what might, England would protect him. It is to be hoped the first duty of the representative of the English Government here will be to ascertain how far men without the shadow of official authority have dared to misrepresent English policy and to calumniate our national character ; and if it be found that any one calling himself an Englishman has, for the gratification of a miserable and idiotic vanity, taught the Druses to believe that England, out of a mean and ignoble jealousy of France, would approve their slaughter of the Christians, and pro tect them from the just vengeance of the Porte and other Powers, then let the man who has done this, if there be any such, be rigorously punished. Let no considerations of race or family interfere to im pede the course of justice, else how can we urge the Sultan to punish Ahmed Pasha and others ? It is due to our honour to ascertain who has inspired the Druses with the belief that England would uphold them in their blood-guiltiness, and to take such measures as shall for ever destroy that belief. From Rasheya Mr. Graham proceeded to Has beya, where out of a population of 3,200 Christians 1,430 were found remaining, and th:se nearly all women and children. From inquiries on the spot the number slain in the massacre is estimated 1,300, and the village presented the most horrible sight that was perhaps ever witnessed. The corpses had been left unburied and had been dessicated by the Syrian sun. The Serai was full of them, and in the upper rooms they were heaped in piles of from five to six feet in height. The Emir S'aad-ed-Din had been beheaded with the most revolting cruelty. When the massacre commenced a Druse, more econo mical than the rest, remarked that if they hacked the Christians to death as they were then doing their clothes would be spoiled. He therefore suggested that the Christians should be stripped before being mur dered, which was done accordingly. As Mr. Graham and his companions passed through the rooms they were followed by the widows of the dead praying for vengeance, and by Druses who mocked at their grief. One truculent savage was loud in his com plaints of the thickness of Christian skulls, on which he had broken a silver-mounted pistol. It came out that Osman Bey, who commanded the Turkish gar rison at Hasbeya, fired 27 rounds from a; gun which he had, but from want of elevation the shots which were intended for Druses hit the Christians, wh o were thus placed between two fires. Whether the depression of the gun was intentio nal or n ot it is difficult to say. Be that as it may, Osman Bey i s kept a close prisoner in barracks here, and is i n ex pectation of being shot. On the 12th August Mr. Cyril Graham returned to Damascus, the day of the arrival of Major Fraser, who, accompanied by the English Consul, Mr. James Brand, had an interview of several hours with Fuad Pasha. Mr. Graham's views and recom mendations for saving the Christians were warmly seconded by the English diplomatic egents, and the result has been the despatch of a Turkish force to remove the Christians from the power of the Druses. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—As I observe that mention is made in your impres sion of the 28th inst. of some remains of the Bth Grenadiers of 1813 having been found near the Old Fort at Toronto, and as this gallant corps has recently returned from India covered with honour and glory, perhaps it may be permitted to me, the only survivor of the former, to bear the following testimony to James, the American historian, who asserts that on that occasion they allowed themselves to be all but annihilated, that 110 only of the Bth Grenadiers were en gaged against 2,000 Americans for four hours, leaving on the field two cfficers, four non-commissioned officers, and 86 rank and file out of the above number. For ,them no Balsklava medal has been adjudged, and it has devolved upon me, their only survivor, after so long an interval and in this manner, to render a tardy justice to the memory of the slain, and to attempt to perpetuate the recellection of their exploits. The remainder of the above heroic band nearly perished under me, leading the forlorn hope at Sackett's Harbour, the month following, in the year 1813, to all which facts General Thomas Evans can bear the most unequivocal testimony. I have the honour to be, sir, yours very respectfully, EDWARD FINCH, Late Lieutexant of the Ist Life Guards. Kensington, Aug. 29. COLLIERY EXPLOSION IN BELGIIJM.--An ex plosion of fire-damp recently took place in, one of the pits of the company of the Charbonnages Reunis at Charleroy, killed six persons, and seriously injured others, one of them mortally. How the explosion was occasioned has not been ascertained. NORTH ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.—A letter from Captain Allen Young, dated Haldersing, Aug. 7, states that the Fox was on the point of starting for Iceland, after a successful survey of the Faroe Isles. All well on board. A JUVENILE RIFE CORPS.—A "Juvenile Rifle Corps" has been formed at Halstead, Essex. About 50 lads have already been enrolled in this novel corps, and drill in struction takes place every evening, under the direction of two West Essex militiamen. FRIGHTFUL ACCIDENT TO AN AGED LADY.— Yesterday an accident occurred to an aged lady, a resident of the Euston• road, which probably, owing to her advanced age (72), will result in death, The unfortunate lady was crossing the road opposite the Great Northern Railwaysta tion at King's-cross, when she was knocked down by a heavily-laden omnibus, the wheels of which passed over her, crushing her left leg and thigh in a frightful manner. She was immediately conveyed to the Groat Northern Hospital, but the nature of the injuries received was so severe as to render amputation of the thigh imperative. The poor lady is in a very precarious condition, AUSTRALIA. The Leaping Water, from Melbourne in 102 days, has arrived in the Downs, with 39,629 ounces of gold. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. PLYMOUTH, FRIDAY. The Norman, Captain Boxer, wit h the above mail, arrived here this morning. She left the Cape on the 21st; St. Helena, on the 31st ultimo; and Ascension on the 4th. Her Majesty's ship Forte, Admiral Keppel, with Sir George Grey, had arrived out at the Cape on the 4th ult. His Royal Highness Prince Alfred had not ar rived. It was supposed that the Euryalus had broken down. The preparations for his reception had been com pletei, but it was feared that if he arrived so late he would not be able to go through the colonial-visiting programme, the stay of the Prince being limited to October 23. The Forte experienced heavy gales off the Cape. Lady George Grey went no further than Rio Janeiro, but returned to England in the Boscawen. Sir Fredetick Grey and lady left for England on the 6th ultinlo. Admiral Iceppel had gone on a cruise in the Brisk Rime .t,he east coast, taking Nejanza and the Hassan Bey was sent down here from Dataasous with special instructions from Fuad Pasha, in actor.- dance with which a Turkish liner steamed out on the evening of the 14th, with a battalion of 850 men on board, for Sidon, and Hassan Bey left yesterday afternoon for the same destination in a Turkish gunboat, to take command of the expedition. The instructions are most precise and emphatic for the safety of the Christians, in whose defence the Tur kish soldiers are told they ought not to hesitate to shed their last drop of blood. When the Christians are in safety it is probable that Hassan Bey will unite under his command the Turkish garrisons and tribes willing to fight against the Druses, and establish himself in force either in Rasheya or in Hasbeya, with a view to maintain com munications between Sidon and Damascus, and at the same time intercept the Druses who may seek to retire from hereabout into the Haouran. The line is one of considerable strategical impor tance. If occupied in force, it divides the Druses, and compels them to act separately, while by cutting off their line of retreat on the Lcjah it may the sooner bring about their submis sion. Within the last few days Fuad Pasha has detached a column from the garrison of Damascus, consisting of 3,000 infantry, a battery of horse ar tillery, a regiment of regular cavalry, and detach ments of irregular cavalry. The destination of the column is unknown, but it took the direction of Aleppo. The movement shows that Fuad Pasha feels himself secure, and sure of the fidelity of his troops, notwithstanding the " shaves" circulated here of his having been compelled to shut himself up in the castle, and of the wholesale desertion of the troops. Of " shaves" there is no lack, and it is pretty certain that many will find their way into official despatches, especially in those written • by foreign Consular agents. I could cite a few which have been credited, and upon the faith of which representations have been made to the Tur kish authorities much to their perplexity, while proceedings have been insisted upon greatly to the impediment of public business. I fancy our Con sul-General, Mr. Moore, must be often puzsled to discriminate between truth and the craven exag geration of the Levantine mind. A rumour was circulated, and generally believed, that a meeting of Druse chiefs had been held to consult upon their position in respect of foreign intervention, and that it had been decided not to resist. I believe that up to the present time no general course of action has been decided upon, or any regularly official meeting of the representa tives of the Druse nation held. A few Sheiks, like those at Rasheya, may have boasted of what they meant to do, but anything like a national policy is unknown. Last week the son of Hotar Beg Amad died of his wounds, received in the fight before Zahleh. It is reported by a Druse Sheik— with what truth I know not—that immediately upon his son's death Hotar Beg Amad set out on a journey with some followers, and gave orders that the body was not to be interred until after his return. In a few days he came back and gave permission for the funeral to proceed, as he had killed four, some say seven, Chris tians. Even if this report be not true, it shows what must be the tone of the native Christian so ciety for it to be credited. According to Druse eti quette, all the neighbouring chiefs, or their vakeels (official representatives), are bound to offer condo lence (a hod hater) to the parents. Consequently there was an assembly of Sheiks at Brih, the chief place of the Amads, which may .have given rise to the report about the meeting ; and it is quite pos sible that after their condolences had been offered the Sheiks may have conversed among themselves and with Hotar Beg respecting the future line of policy to be pursued by the Druse nation. What ever decision was arrived at, if any was come to at all, would be binding only on those who were pre sent ; and unless its publication was deemed benefi cial we shall know nothing about it. Up to the time of the death of Hotar Beg Amad's son it was the intention of the Druse Sheiks to lay a joint statement of their case before Vice-Admiral Martin, tbw --v Mon Immix ycrfeCt lingness to 13, tried by any court that might be ap pointed, provided the Admiral would give them the guarantee of England that they should have fair play, that their persons should not be seized during trial, and that no harm should come to them if they spoke the truth. The last condition is very signifi cant. It would argue that the Druses feel them selves certain of being able to prove that in all they did they had the authority of the Turkish officials, and this agrees with the information I have received as to the existence of proofs of Kurschid Pasha's guilt. It is not improbable that the Druses may have other evidence establishing the complicity of other parties, which I hope to be able to forward by the next mail. If this surmise be correct, they will indeed require protection. One of their Sheiks said the other day—" How dare I tell the truth, unless I have security that no harm will befall me for doing so ? But give us the guarmiee of Eng land for a fair trial, and every Druse you may re quire shall attend the court, be he peasant or Sheik, and abide its verdict." One word more with respect to the Druses. They have been cruel, fierce, and bloodthirsty, but they are not guilty of any of the outrages that have been perpetrated upon women. The widows of the slain say—" We saw our hus bands butchered before our eyes, but truth compels us to state that no Druse offered the slightest insult, to a woman." Wherever outrages of this nature were committed they were deeds of Turkish soldiers and Moslems. The greatest enemies of the Druses never accuse them of violence to women. Not a finger would they lay upon a woman, and hardly would they look her in the face, if she were a stranger. Greek Catholics, Orthodox Greeks, and even Jews have been accused of having joined the Druses against the Maronites, of having taken more than their fair share of the plunder, and of having insulted the women. In fact the Jews are stated to be deeply implicated in the atrocities at Damas cus, but I trust the charge may prove unfounded. Yesterday a second caravan of about 2,000 Chris tians came in from Damascus, and stories are cur rent of some of the women having been violated by the soldiers of the escort. The thing is incredible when it is remembered that the crime must have been committed in public. At the quarantine out side the town there are some 2,000 refugees from the massacre of Deir-el-Kamar. They seem to be better cared for than the Damascenes, and are allowed by the Turkish Government two piastres a day. Still their condition is pitiable in the extreme. Of one family the mother and four daughters alone remain. Several of the widows are enciente, and one mother showed me the skullcap of her son, which she had kept hidden in her bosom for the last six weeks. It was all stained with blood. The Anglo-American Committee have received intelligence from London of much needed remit tances having been made, but in consequence of some informality they are not available, or, at least, were not so up to yesterday. This is all the more to be regretted, as money is urgently wanted, and I would beg leave to s uggest making the able-bodied recipients of the charity do something towards earning it. The roads round Beyrout are wretched. With the a mount of labour here they might be put into tolerable condition. A labour test would greatly lighten the work of the Committee, for it was only the other day that a person who was on the relief list wrote to say he had a mare which on shouldtelist feelals also .obliged by the missionaries putting n h The Borysthene came in to-day with half the kith battalion of Foot Chasseurs. The remainder, with a battery of artillery and a company of engineers, arrived later in the Amerique. General Beaufort d'llautpool was on board the Amerique. Already the appearance of foreign troops has been the signal for the manifestation of ill-feeling between Christian acid Moslem. Partial fights have taken place in Beyrout. SOUTHAMPTON, Thursday.—lt has been blowing a gale here for nearly 21 hours. The wind has been so strong even in the docks that the Royal Mail steamer Oneida could not be swung there to adjust her compasses previous to her taking out the Brazil mail on the 9th of next month. EXTRAORDINARY ATTEMPT AT FRAUD.—Whilst hay was fetching £5 a ton, a well-to-do farmer in the Isle of Man hid himself in a load, and his weight of course wail added to that of the hay. Before the hay was shipped the trick was detected, and after another weighing 7s. 9d. weg deducted from the price. --Cumberland racquet, 111011 , Dul anima Mark) severs contin crease impro place i tinned lie sal, nation anctio buoys sidera' been i Wards A f Liver] Were 1 bales. A t tralia parcel the st 4 serve especi this pc The to negati that 1 Would Con the ge May b patents liquidt class s , 'lank 1 Abo this m from from Is £140,( The packet advanc the pri A CE 18 due &lid of Yorksl The the Thl i { PE Mess of Ame trailed ! Do. 5 pE karylar liassaci Bond! Penny] Alabam. ICentucl Ohio 6 Peno.by! Tenness Virginia Boston Illinois Illinois Illinois (Frei Do . sha Mi chiga p i p. do. giew Y. .._ not c( zi -, sw Yc cone ... 1857- Zo. do. lqew Yi 3d m( New Y( cony( Do. do. New Y sinkh l'anam, gage Do. do. In t have ehowil Cashir ter, S 1 Great Easte: The mains Venet imprc India Jai are ir 3 per a per New 1 India Dit Diti DUI Ditto Como dust, .ften iii i Dii Dii Cirsol Maxi Dit Pent Di Di Tort Di RusE Di Di Spar l'url Von Sh fet wh thf pe he prl at Po