The Sun. — London, England, 1859-10-10 00:00:00

BENSON'S WATCHES. " Perfection of mechanism."—Mornlng Post. Gold Watches .................. 4 to 100 guineas. Silver Watches ................ to 50 guineas. 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. Under the management of Miss L. Pyne and Mr.W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, DINORA Santley, H. Corri, St. Albyn, and W. Harrison. H Mis M ses s Pilling, Thirl wall, and Miss Louisa Pyne. Conductor, Alfred Mellon. DIVERTISSEMENT. Mdlles. Lequine, Pasquale, Pier roil, and Mons. Vandris. Commence at 8 o'clock. T HEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with AN UNEQUAL MATCH. Miss Amy Sedgwick. After which, a new Farce, entitled THE RIFLE, AND MOW TO USE IT. Messrs. Buckstone, Compton, Rogers, Mrs. B. White, Mr Wilkins, and Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam. And HALLOWE'EN. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCE S S'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with LOVE'S TELEGRAPH. To be followed by a dramatic tableau in Watteau co NE. lours, by j. klanche, Esq., entitled LOVE AND FORTU To conclude with THE TWO POLTS. xTEW THEATRE - ROYAL, AD ELPHI. Sole proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Open for the Winter Season. THIS EV will be d ICO FRANCAIS. ENING Messrs. J. L. Toole,r C has S e lby , and Miss Kelly. After which, THE WILLOW COPSE. Luke, Mr. Ben. Webster ; Hulks, Mr. David Fish e r; Augustus, Mr. J. L. Toole ; Staggers, Mr. Paul Bedford. Followed by LOVE AND HUNGER. Mr. David Fisher, ss K. Kelly, Miss Mr. Paul Bedford, C. Selby , C. J. Smith, Mi Laidlaw. Doors open at half-past ob—Commence at seven: Boy- Office open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing sethisats, nor far bills of performance. An fees to servants es t a blishment are strictly prohibited. Acting . Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith: ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. The nearest Theatre Chelsea, Pilico and West- minster, the Park being open to carriages m and , foot passen gers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING, THE WIDOW'S WEDDING. • After which the successful Ballt Farce, b John Oxen ord, Esq., entitled MAGIC TOYS, supportedi y by Miss Lydia Thompson, 31iss Clara St. Casse, and a numerous Corps de Ballet. To conclude with the New and Original Burlesque, by L. Buckingham, Esq., of VIRGINIUS ; or the Trials of Francis; a Fond Tape, in which Messrs. C . Youn, Barrett, A. Denial, ire, dam es Frank Matthews, Clara St. Casse, Eliza Arden, C. Hance, Lydia Thompson, and a numerous Corps de Ballet will appear. Reduced Prices --Gallery, 6d ; Pit, is. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half—past six ; perform ance commences at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN EGGS. After which THE GREAT RUSSIAN BEAR; or, An other Retreat from Moscow. And CAUGHT BY THE EARS. • Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. _ _ Commence at 7 o'clock. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.— EVERY EVENING. —The Music of Verdi's Opera of MACBETH (now first made public in England at these the cele- Con ierts), the extraorainary Violin Performances of ;rated Infant DELEPIERRE FAMILY, and the usual Vocal Concert. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian an d mimie), W. T. Critchfleld, and E. W. Mackney. Several interesting of are added to the Fine Arta Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and 'beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant ',sights of the metropolis. win shortly be produced, a Grand Selection from Meyer bee 's new opera of DINORAH. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, OCTOBER 10. THERMOMETER, IN THB:SHADB. 60—highest since noon yesterday. 57—lowest this morning and during the night. 68—this day at noon. 13AROMBTER-24.68. WIND, Easterly ; fresh, with dull cloudy weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 12h. 53m.—Afternoon, lh. 9nt. To-Monitow-Morning, :Ih. 25m.—Afternoon, lh. 41m. The occupation of the island of San Juan by American soldiers and American squatters respec tively under the orders and under the authorisa tion of the redoubtable General HARNEY—resolves itself into nothing less than a lawless and flagrant act of sheer Buccaneering. The expedition is, in point of fact, a filibustering expedition. B etween General HARNEY and the notorious General WIL LIAM WALKER, there really is, in vulgar parlance, not the toss up of a brass farthing. Full particu lars Are elsewhere given in our impression of this evening as to the manner in which this shameless deed of spoliation was accomplished; and as to the peculiar nature of the circumstances under which it was adventured upon with the conniv ance, if not at the actual instigation of the Govern ment at Washington. Until HARNEY'S little advanced troop of sixty six men and a few officers landed about a couple of months back upon the island of San Juan the rival claims of the United States and of Great Britain to the possession of that island had remained precisely in the same position of equipoise in respect to each other as that in which they were acknowledged to be four years ago by the American President. A commis- ' sion has since then, that is since 1855, been ap pointed to decide upon the relative force of those unsettled claims of sovereignty. But long before the nomination of those joint commissioners in that year of grace, 1855, the American PRESIDENT, as we are now reminded, had himself argued and even urged that " the title must be settled before either party should exclude the other by force, or exercise complete and exclusive sovereign rights within the fairly disputed limits"—whereby, the PRESIDENT maintained, " differences will be avoided, until an adjustment of the line (of boun dary between the territories of England and Ame rica) can be made in a manner partially satisfac tory." In accordance with this sound and rational,, not to say (what must be sufficiently obvious) just and honourable advice—England has acted ever since with the utmost loyalty in regard to San Juan, abstaining altogether from 'first to last from the enforcement of the recognition there of her long-asserted rights of sovereignty. The ques tion, it was understood by mutual agreement, was to be decided amicably by arbitration between the two friendly Governments. To this end—with a view to the bringing about as speedily as possible a/ this pacific arrangement of the one little territorial difference still left a matter of doubt, after what was at the time erroneously supposed to be the final settlement of the great Oregon dispute—the Commission was appointed, the Commissioners were sent out to trace at last distinctly and beyond fur ther cavil the precise line of demarcation. While those Commissioners were still busily occupied in the responsible and delicate duties of investiga tion decided upon as an essential preliminary by their respective Governments, San Juan was seized by a coup de main in the name and by the soldiers of the Atnerican Republic. The handful of officers and sixty-six men originally landed upon the Island of San Juan, together with two field-pieces and a pro portionate quantity of stores and ammunition became soon increased to something bearing more the appearance of a force entrusted with the duty of a regular military occupation. Powder and provisions, men and mules, guns and gun-carriages , were rapidly accumulated upon San Juan—hitherto (mark this !) for years and years past occupied by British subjects alone—until the United States force speedily numbered not 66, but 400 soldiers, with a colonel and his aids-de-camp, four captains, and several lieutenants, besides " a battery of eight 32 pounder guns, six fieldpieces, great quantities of pow der and shot and stores, and a body of labourers to as sist in erecting barracks." Tolerably cool, all this —to say the least of it ! But not by any means the whole truth, even yet ; for we learn, upon the Yankee's own showing, that " t he place already presents quite an active business-1 ike appearance. A beautiful site has been selected f or a town, and several buildings are being erectet 1." Nay, not only this—but the whole island, when our last ad vices left Vancouver, the whole of the island of San Juan was being fast covered with' a squatter population. This, of course, upon the supposition that England would take it quietly—sue h has been the malign influence exercised by the babble of our peace-at-any-price politicians ! Who knc )ws how much in this particular may not have been dc me quite unconsciously by Mr. COBDEN in his recent eearch like a political Dr. SYNTAX, after the Yanke, e Pic-' turesque—towards this shameless act of ro, bbery from and treachery towards the old mother con entry perpetrated a couple of months back by Co usin JONATHAN? At any rate, in supposing—if the Americans do suppose anything so extremely absurd—that England will quietly submit to till's indignity as well as injustice, the people of the. United States, the Government of the United States, the military occupants of San Juan, the Yankee squatters of San Juan, will find themselves very egregiously mistaken ! They will not only find ourselves riled, but they themselves catawampously chawed up ! As the able Englishman, writing there at Victoria, Van couver's Island, and watching events there for our chief morning contemporary, admirably well puts it If Great Britan be firm in asserting her rights and in resenting this unprovoked indignity to her honour, the squatters will soon evacuate— ' absquatuiatP; as they themselves term the resto ration of stolen ends. A disputed title is unfa vourable to profitable lant2 speculation. it won't' pay. At sight of resistance the squatters will fly like chaff before the wind." Let his Grace the Duke of NEWCASTLE say They shall ! The act demands it. It is an act of treachery. It is a deed of violence and robbery— of sheer buccaneering and flagrant filibustering. As surely as the majesty of England was outraged at Taku upon the Peiho by the Chinese—so has it been by this lawless seizure of San Juan by the Americans. As outrages, as unprovoked outrages in the face of the whole world—both those acts de mand a resolute policy, a policy here of reparation, three of expiation from the firmness, the wisdom, the loyalty, and the patriotism of her Britannic MAJESTY'S Government. The King of SARDINIA has now formally entered on the duty which he undertook in his replies to the Duchies. He has commenced pleading their cause and that of the Legations before the Govern ments of Europe. The important document we publish to-day does not, indeed, contain much, if anything, new in point of fact or of argument ; that, after all the discussions which have taken place on the position and rights of the Central Italian States, is hardly possible. Its importance chiefly therefore consists in the fact that the plead ings have now commenced before the court which must finally decide. In international justice, indeed, no such appeal is needed. The States on whose behalf it is made are as much independent States, according to both existing treaties and rea son itself, as England, Russia, or France. No one has any moral right to prohibit them from freely combining with each other, or with any other State, in any way they may choose. De facto, however, we too well know, the case is difficult, and we must acknowledge that the con- sent •f the great powers of Europe is an all important point to secure. The King of SARDINIA fairly adverts to his moderation in not having in way influenced the acts of the States, or made use of them to prejudge ' the case. He is no imitator of General HARNEY, of St. Juan notoriety. He, in the first instance, recalled the Sardinian authorities, who had provi sionally assumed the government during the war, that no unfair bias of the popular votes might be suspected. Next, when the States offered him full sovereignty, instead of even undertaking the Go vernment provisionally, until a Congress could assemble, he left the States under their own native governors. This was surely giving every chance to revolutionists, and leaving an opening for the chapter of accidents which was almost straining impartiality too far. Neither France or Austria ought to have objected to Sar dinia's governing provisionally the territories which had been offered to her by those to whom they be longed. However, they cannot complain that she did more than the then circumstances of the case required. Had France or Austria received any such offers from Belgium or Switzerland, or any small independent State, we wonder whether either of them would have dreamed of delaying the ac ceptance of it. The memorandum begins by stating the simple facts of the case, which in themselves are so many irresistible arguments. The Governments of Cen tral Italy had long separated themselves from the cause of Italy, and sold themselves to foreigners. When war began, they had their choice either to remain with their own people and maintain their cause, or to espouse that of Austria. They preferred the latter. They thus inevitably share the defeat of the power under whose banner they ranged themselves against their people, and have " dug with their own hands an abyss between themselves and their former people." The revolt has been on their side. They cannot plead even violence. They simply would not fulfil the wished of the people, and went off to get Austrian help to enable them to defeat those wishes. They must acquiesce in their defeat, for no power on earth can reinstate them in the goodwill of their former sub jects. . . Then, with regard to the conduct of the Duchies and the political merits of the case—there seems not a word to be said against either. Order, so briety, moderation have everywhere prevailed. Poli tical excesses might have been expected after libe ration from a destested bondage, but these little States have neither demanded that horrible thing, Republican Government, nor set up each for them selves, nor even attempted to form one weak little kingdom of Central Italy. They have sacrificed all party projects ; no aspiring leaders are carving out places for themselves. They have clearly seen that it would need all the strength of all the Free part of Italy to withstand an old enemy left in the full enjoyment of his old military strength. When LOUIS NAPOLEON left Austria the entire Quadrangle, not even giving to Sardinia and Lombardy its natural front ivr fortresses, Peschiera and Mantua, he made a union of all the free part of Italy a necessity for fan dom. Verona alone is a menace to Italy—with the other three fortresses, Austria is even now the strongest power south of the Alps. As the doeu /not says, Lombardy may be regarded a s did mantled and open at any time to a coup de main. On the more difficult question of the Legations, the King of SARDINIA touches with great delicacy. Rude as the Pontiff has been to him, he does not return evil for evil. He respects too much the Bice of the head of Catholic Christendom to do that. Still he points to the undeniable fact that Austria, not the Pontiff, has for eleven years past been the real governor of the Legations, and that the Pontiff only reigned nominally. He asks for them that they shall not have to consider themselves aban doned, which they would do, if given up to the intolerable abuses of their old mode of 'government, Indeed, he asserts with noto rious truth that so irreoncileable are those abuses with the wants of modern civilisation that if they be not remedied " nothing could check the outbreak of popular passions, and despair would drive the masses to extreme resolu tions." This is perhaps as much as he dare say now. It is to be hoped that Europe will not tole rate the subjugation of the Legations again, to Perugian shepherds. The case, then, of Sardinia as the advocate of Central Italy, and therein the advocate of Italian Independence and her own security, is now before the Courts of Europe. It is time it were heard and settled. Austria thinks, probably, that she may gain time by delay, and that a few more Col. ANVITIS may fling themselves into the gulf to foment con conspiracies for her. She may find herself mis taken. The longer the Duchies preserve even their present independence, the harder work it will be to jet the yoke of the foreigner on their necks again. LOUIS NAPOLEON now shows symptoms of wanting to settle the business ; and it will be best for Austria to tempt fate no longer. The dreaded voice of England will, too, we may hope, count:for something ; and as the finishing stroke is said to be prepared for the Zurich Conference, we may hope the claims of Central Italy will soon be dis cussed and acknowledged. New rumours are afloat as to a probable settle ment, before much longer, of this miserable mis understanding between masters and men in the 71etropolitan Building Trade—a Strike which has so long kept thousands of honest workmen, brick layers, masons, painters, join ers, carpenters, dis astrously for them, out of employment. God grant it—that these fresh promises may not be nipped in the bud like their predecessors. Already the evil done has been grievous. Already the results have been such that were the history of this Strike (as far as it has yet gone) truthfully written, it would furnish of itself abundant arguments to con vince any rational man of the en:why, if not the cri minality of such deplorable movements. Suicide has resulted from it—suicide, under the pressure of the most grinding privations. And the unfortu nate wretch who destroyed himself, a respectable and industrious working man up to the date of this woeful Strike, died so to speak with a curse upon his lips against that Strike, charging it distinctly with having driven him to death through destitution ! Not one specious rea son would be left, we believe, in favour of the con tinuance of the Strike if the whole aggregate domestic misery caused by it in all parts of London could be suddenly at this moment laid bare ! If by a touch from the crutch of ASMODEUS all the garrets and cellars, if the walls and roofs were transparent to us so that we could see for ourselves all those poor rooms of the unemployed labourers stripped of furniture—every available article of their clothing by this time long since pawned—wives and children huddled together, with the Future before them a Blank—Fathers and husbands loiter ing about the streets outside eager for work, but unable to grasp it. The Folly of the whole move ment—viewed simply as what it is, and not what it is meant to be or what it is pretended t. be—is the Folly of those who in homely phrase quarrel with their bread and butter. Their Royal Highnesses the'Duke and Duchess d' Aumale and the Count de Conde are on a tour in Ireland. His Highness Prince Nicholas Esterhazy and his ■on arrived in town a few days back froii Vienna. The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough have left Blenheim Palace, near Woodstock, for a tour in Wales. The Earl of Coventry, who has returned south from visiting the Duke and Duchess of Richmond at Gor don Castle, N. 8., intends t) entertain a largo party at his seat in Worcestershire early in the ensuing month. The Earl and Countess of Eglinton are about to receive a succession of visitors at Eglinton Castle, Ayr shire. _ _ _ Lord Stanley and Miss Stanley have left the St. George's Hotel. - - - Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., and Lady Emily Peel have been receiving a succession of guests at Drayton Manor, near Fazeley. The Right Hon. Sir George C. Lewis, 111. P., has arrived at llarpton Court, Herefordshire, from attendance on the Queen at Balmoral. The Home Secretary and Lady Theresa Lewis and family are expected to arrive in town the week after next. The Right Hon. C. P. Villiers has returned to town. We regret to state that the Attorney-General has recently met with a severe accident. A day %Awe ago, whilst out shooting at his country seat (Hackwood Park), the hon. and learned gentleman unfortunately received several shots in the leg, four or five of which passed through the calf, and one penetrated into the knee. The hon. and learned gentleman in consequence of this mischance is likely to be confined to the house for several days. At the late meeting of the British Association, papers were contributed to the Chemical Section by four young men who attend the evening class of Practical Che mistry in the Museum of Irish Industry. This is a very encouraging fact for the friends of adult education • it shows how much may be accomplished when the efforts young men make in the way of self-improvement are only properly directed. SAN JUAN.—BRITISH OR AMERICAN ?—From San Juan we learn that the American and British forces were facing, each other ; the latter in such strength as to obviate any anxiety as to its issue should a collision unfor tunately occur. The sending to the scene of quarrel of the veteran United States commander and statesman, Gen. Scott, is regarded as evincing an amicable disposition on the part of that Government. Whether as soldier or diplomatist, it is obviously a wise move on their part to have on the spot a man equally qualified to grapple with or to arrange a difficulty. It seems a case which offers little opening for com promise ; a • case, too, in which not only im portant interests of the two countries, but also a question of public law, interesting to other Powers also, is involved. The island in dispute is the outermost of a cluster of small islands lying off Vancouver's Island. If these small islands aro American, then the strait inter vening between them and 'Vancouver's Island is American water. On the other hand, if the islands be British, the intervening strait, by the principles of international law, is not British water, but publiei juris, as being a channel between the possessions of two Powers.—The Weekly Register. "- TELEGRAPH FROM ALEXANDRIA TO CONSTAN TINOPLE.—The steamer Elba, with Messrs. Newall and Liddell on board, left Alexandria on the 24th ult. to lay the cable from that port to Constantinople, via Scio and Rhodes. — China Telegraph. CAPTAIN M'CLINTOCK AND THE Fox.—This gallant' officer has within the last few days been presented with 'a handsome gold chronometer by the officers and crew of the screw yacht, Fox, the companions of his late search and labours in the Arctic regions. The chronometer bears the-following inscription :—.‘ Presented to Captain F. L. M'Clintock, It.N., by the officers and crew of the R.Y.S. exploring yacht Fox, as a token of their esteem and regard during a service of two and a half years under his command in the Arctic Seas." Signed by the whole of the officers and crew. The New York line-of-packet ship American Con gress left Spithead for New York on Saturday. ARRIVAL OF SHIPS FROM FOREIGN PORTS.— In the week ending the 3d inst. there arrived at Falmouth no less than 135 ships from foreign ports, almost entirely for orders, and were comprised of 21 different flags—viz., English 54, Danish 14, Neapolitan 9, Netherland:9, Ame rican 8, French 6, Prussian 5, Norwegian 4, Greek 4, Russian 3, Sardinian 3, Swedish 3, Spanish 3, Portuguese 2, Bremen 2,Mocklenburgl, Brazilian 1, Maltese 1, lonian 1, Hamburg 1, and llanoverian 1. TILE DOUBLE MURDER AND SUICIDE AT WOR cEsrEtt.—Although the river Severn has been drag, el with great care for some distance, the b 'dies of Mrs. Harris and her infant child had not been recovered up to Friday evening, but there is no doubt that both she and her child are drowned. The only body found is that of the eldest child, George. To-day the husband, Thomas Harris, was taken before the inagisinte on the charge of attempting to strangle his wife, a few hours before she ran from the house, and (as is believed) threw herself and her children into the water. Several witnesses were examined, all of whom spoke to the ill• trealnent which Mrs. Harris had received front her husband, and his mother and sister. Harris and his wife, it transpired, lead repeatedly quarrelled on Monday and Tuesday, and Harris had at dinner time on Tuesday seized his wife by the throat and beaten her about the head with his fist. The same evening, at tea time, the quarrel had been renewed, and Harris's sister threatened to mu.- der Emily (Mrs. Harris.) Mrs. Harris became greatly excited, and declared she would drown herself and her children, and ran out of the house. This was at nine o'clock, and she could not be traced afterwards, but as she ran in the direction of the river, there can be no doubt that she jumped into the river with her two children. Harris was remanded. 7;.------ ------- 10 I ll ' r ,e , ~,,.1, • MAC. ' . 2 - ' l y • \k,) t 0 4 , .. I -,...•,,.., 1..... , ~,,, , t ‘ .e t c . `/. .., - ,;.iki-4 - -‘ 0 T ' .., r 2 DIITZ 2101 ' ~ ~ •': . Vim% i- - - . , THE STJN. MONDA Y, OCTOBER 10, 1859. rnE SUR, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 10, 1859 LATEST NEWS:. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : MADRID, OCT. 9. Five French ships and two frigates, commanded by a Vice-Admiral, arrived at Algesiras on the 7th instant. PARIS, OCT. 8. The French Consul at Parma has received orders from the Imperial Government to quit his post in Parma, unless prompt justice is done and exemplary chastisement inflicted on the authors of the murder of Count Anviti. 'Melt - Jest news from Bayonne announces the de parture of the Emperor for Marais d'Orx on a visit to Count Walewski. VIENNA, OCT. 8. The Austrian Correspondence contains an article censuring the sammary, now circulating, of the reply of the Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha to the note of the Austrian Government, for designedly omitting that portion of the Duke's reply where his Highness laid stress on the fact of his opinion re garding Austria and her relations to Germany being decidedly at variance with that expressed at the meeting of the National party at Eisenbach. ZURICH, OCT. 8. It is stated that the difficulties met with by the Conference have not yet been settled, and that it is doubtful whether the treaty of peace will be signed next week. GERMANY. The Prussian Government has sent a note in re ply t o the Austrian circular of Count Rechberg re lative to the proposed reform of the German Con. federation, and the recent speech of the Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha. After acknowledging the receipt of a copy of Count Rechberg's note, Baron de Schleinitz, the Prussian Minister, says : " The opinion which his Royal Highness the Prince Regent has deigned to express is, that the full confidence which he placed in his cousin and friend tho Duke of Saxe Coburg Gotha did not allow it to be supposed that there existed motives to reserve the rights of other Ger. man Princes, either of one in particular, or of all of them together, and that the words of the Duke, which expressed the often-repeated want of a re form of the Federal Constitution, excluded all en couragement of tendencies to achieve that end by illegal means. " As regards the tendencies which now manifest themselves in Germany towards such an end, the Government of the King had recently an opportu nity of expressing itself on that point in the reply made, by order of the Prince Regent, by Count Schwerin to the Stettin address, which the public journals must have brought to the knowledge of Count Rcehberg. I nevertheless subjoin a copy of that reply, to be made use if requisite. " Strong in its honourable intentions, the Govern ment of the King does not think that, because the name of Prussia is brought forward without its sanction, it is necessary to make any further decla rations than those it has already made to its own country. "If (continues the despatch) there are great questions to be resolved Prussia will not act in a selfish manner, but in the interest of Germany." This despatch is dated the 23d of September, and is signed by Baron Schleinitz. A letter from Zurich of the 7th says :—" Peace, which, according to all hopes, was to be signed in the course of this week, experiences a fresh delay, again occasioned, it is said, by the Austrian pleni potentiaries. It is known that between these and those of Sardinia there remains but one difficult point to settle—that of' the debt ; it is also known that on this important question France partakes the opi, nions . of Sardinia; it was thought that Austria would yield on this point, but it appears we were mistaken. Austria resists ; hence the delays in the signature of the treaty of peace; otherwise we must suppose that these delays proceed from a want of agreement between the Austrian and French plenipotentiaries on the separate treaty to be signed by those two parties, and which relates to the conse cration of the preliminaries of Villafranca, that is to say, to the restoration of the deposed sovereigns, to the Italian Confederation, to the amnesty, the forms, and, in short, to all the points which it is known are not submitted to the deliberations of the Sardinian plenipotentiaries. However this may be, Count Colloredo yesterday despatched a second courier to Vienna, and the hopes founded on the arrival of instructions from Biarritz are not con firmed. Until Count Colloredo receives a reply to his last despatches the conclusion of peace will be suspended, and God grant that fresh accidents or incidents may not arise still further to impede it." TIIE SARDINIAN NOTE. The following is the text of the memorandum addressed by the Sardinian Government to its re presentatives at the Courts of Paris, London, Berlin, and St. Petersburg Turin, Sept. 28. Monsieur le Ministre,—You are aware of the de cisions of the Assemblies of Tuscany, Modena, and Parma, as well as the answer which the King, our august master, made to the deputations sent by those Assemblies. In presence of such important events as those of which Central Italy has been the theatre, the King's Government considers itself called on to ex press its views clearly on the present situation, and to call the most serious attention of the cabinets of the great Powers to facts which probably are with. out precedent in history. When Austria, in the month of April last, sud denly putting an end to the diplomatic discussions which were going on, and breaking the formal pro mises given to Europe, invaded Piedmont, all Italy understood that the question at issue was not an isolated one, concerning the Sardinian kingdom alone, but that the fate of arms was to decide on the national independence and destinies of Italy. Unfortunately, the governments of Central Italy had long before separated their cause from that of Italy, by uniting themselves, in law and in fact,. with foreigners, who from that moment became the sole supporters of a system of government which was discredited, and which excited general disaffection. The sovereigns of those countries were not the victims of a revolution, properly so called ; they themselves made their hoice between their duties as Italian princes and their engagements with Austria ; they quitted their states without leaving any government; and two of them even ranged themselves under the flag of their ally, and shared his defeats. They have thus dug, with their own hands, an abyss between themselves and their for mer subjects. After memorable victories the hand of the con queror assigned t.t Villafranca more restricted ter titorial limits to Austrian domination in the Italian Peninsula ; but the definitive regulation of afftirs of Central Italy was destined to remain in suspense, since, in signing the preliminaries of peace, it was not possible to foresee the insurmountable obstacles which would be raised by the populations to the return of the princes. His Majesty, on his part, ordered the recall of the authorities whom he had sent to Tuscany, Modena, and Parma. By that measure the populations regained anew tho fret dis posal of themselves, and at the same time removed from all foreign influence. The honour-able men who, in the absence of any recognised authority, had taken in hand the direc tion of public affairs, considered that under such cir cumstances it was their duty to appeal to the popu -I,ti us by means of the election of national assent b!ics. What happened is well known --the assem blies unanitnously confirmed the deposition of uoveroments, and proclaimed annexation to Pie{? moot. In coisi , lering what has taken place at Florence. Modena, and Parma, we are struck by the acco and spontaneity which marked all the deliberations of the constituted bodies, and the order which has constantly prevailed during the unforeseen crisis which had to be traversed. This order and regu larity are easily explained, when we consider that it was not the advanced parties, nor men excited or sourad by old grievances and unjust personal suffer ings, who placed themselves at the head of the moVClllent. All who are most illustrious amongst the nobility, most notable in. commerce, most enlightened in in telligence, and most influential among the large landowners, co-operated in the accomplishment of an act, which was destined to assure to those coun tries a state of things more in conformity with their welfare and with the general interests of Italy. These resolutions were not the effect of unreflecting excitement; they were maturely weighed, and were adopted on considerations of a superior and permanent order. In breaking for ever the bonds which connected them with an odious past calculated to give rise to the bitterest recriminations, the populations of the Duchies have been especially anxious to shake off the yoke of foreign domination, to escape from Aus trian influence, and to contribute by their union under the sceptre of the King, our august sovereign, to the constitution of a kingdom strong enough to establish the prosperity and repose of Italy on solid and durable bases. These populations, impelled by the evil counsels of despair, and bewildered by their inexperience in the management of public affairs, might have turned in a thoughtless moment to chimerical and danger ous projects. They might have been led astray by subversive tendencies to demolish the monarchica principle, and substitute republicanism in its stead They might have thought themselves entitled to do that ; but they have not even attempted it ; Central Italy had given, by her oonduct, equally firm and wise, a formal contradiction to the accusation too lightly brought against the fickleness of the Ita lians and their inability to found a good Govern ment. Such an accusation, which has hitherto been only an injustice, will be henceforth a calumny. The traditions of ages and long established habits might suggest and encourage the desire of preserv ing their autonomy in states which had hitherto lived an independent life apart from the rest of the nation. No; they renounced these very national leanings and a justifiable historic pride, to be blended in the common life. Tuscany was the first to set the example ; the part of Italy which has most reason to be proud of its past did not hesitate. There was in Italy a monarchy which had succeeded in combining order with public liberties; Tuscany, as well as Modena and Parma, has joined this mo narchy unconditionally and without reserve. It would be impossible to find a more signal proof of the irresistible povver of the sentiment of national solidarity. The fact is that all the Italians have learned by long and painful experience that Italy will never be free from foreign pressure,. nor its independence real and lasting, until there shall be in th• north of Italy a state large and powerful enough to oppose the preponderance of external influence. It is not at the moment - while peace is being negotiated at Zurich by the plenipotentiaries of Ph dmont, France, and Austria, that the King's government would use less correct language towards the adversary he has combated on the battle field. But there are truths which cannot be dissembled, because they are self-evident ; there are dangers on which it is impossible to indulge illusions, because they exist in the nature of things, and are an inevit able necessity of the situation. If the war which has just finished had had for result the complete cessation of Austrian domina tion in the Italian Peninsula, the considerations which we are about to develop would not be less well founded, but they would be less powerful on minds prejudiced in favour of the old governments of the Duchies. In the present state of things, there is no one, Monsieur le Ministre, who can re fuse to admit that if the power of Austria in Italy has become more limited in extent, it has lost no thing in offensive and encroaching force. She re tains the strong fortresses of Venetia, and, what is more, Peschiera and Mantua, which belong to Lom bardy, and form her natural defence ; that province is dismantled and exposed to a coup de main. The King's government do not intend to throw any doubt on the sincerity of the intentions of Aus tria in the settlement of the stipulated cessions, but circumstances change and interests remain ; oppor tunities sometimes encourage, and political regrets are an inheritance which descends from generation to generation. The last war could not raise a barrier between the states of the King of Sardinia and his formidable neighbour; Italy is neither guaranteed nor secured for the future, for there is no point of equilibrium between the organised national forces and Austria entrenched behind the bulwarks of the Miucio and the Adige. If the peace of Villafranca does not receive its complement, by respecting the wishes of the populations delivered by the war, it will not have re-established that balance of powers and that proportion of relative forces which existed in Italy in the last century, and which the Congress of Vienna did not re-establish. Northern Italy was then divided into several petty states, weak and without consistence, which could not keep up military forces of any importance, or effectually contribute to the defence of Italy. The States of the King of Sardinia formed the sole ex ception. They were not, it is true, very extensive, but the military educatiori of the people, the skill and firmness of the princco, oxid the ati•ranta^ eb or the geographical situation of the country, placed Piedmont among the powers of second ord^r, and caused her to be considered as the natural defender of Italian independence. Austria then possessed only the Duchies of Milan and Mantua, which were detached and removed from the body of her hereditary states. In time of peace she kept but a very few troops there, and if war broke out s the. distance and the difficulties of transport gave to the house of Savoy time to pre pare her means of defence. Austria was then a powerful neighbour, but she was not a menacing one. This political arrangement was not exempt from inconvenience, but the division, sanctioned at Paris and at Vienna in 1814 and 1815, was infinitely more disastrous for Italy in general, and for Pied mont in particular. The annexation of the States of Genoa—that union of two populations under the national Go vernment—was a benefit for which the Congress of Vienna deserves thanks, but it was in no respect sufficient to counterbalance the enormous aggran disement of Austria in Italy. That power not only acquired a territorial extension twice as large as the old one, but it united the Italian provinces to the hereditary states. 'the republic of Venice isolated, at the beginning of the century, the Austrian pos sessions in Upper Italy ; but the grint of the Vene tian spoils to Austria destroyed entirely the rela tive power of the states from which Piedmont de rived her force and Italy her security. Half a cen tury's experience authorises the Government of Sardinia to repeat what it declared in 1814 :—ln the old division we saw the source of the weakness of Upper Italy ; in the new one we see her com plete subjection. (1) A providential occasion now presents itself for reforming an arrangement which is so prejudicial, and which —we may say without fear of deceiving ourselves—is even contrary to the wishes and the provisions of those who approved it. Tuscany, Parma, and Modena, united to the States of the King, would form a political agglomeration which, though insufficient to resist the power holding Venetia, would at least possess elements calculated to conjure the most pressing dangers. Will Europe oppose a territorial modification which is desired by an entire nation, and which is at the same time in conformity with general interests ? And why should she do so ? It will not be alleged, Monsieur le Ministre, that the European equilibrium would be compromised by the union of those provinces to Sardinia, nor that the union is calculated to give umbrage to the ,great powers; such - objections cannot be admitted in a serious discussion, and it is not necessary to dwell on them. On the other hand_ it would be easy to show that the formation of such a state as that indicated, and the re establishment of Italian equilibrium, would remove for a long time the per manent causes of rivalry between the adjacent powers, and would preserve the repose of Europe by strengthening that of Italy. Moreover, after what has passed in the Duchies, the restoration of the old dynasties may fairly be regarded as a moral impossibility. We ask, how could these dynasties return to the states which they have abandoned, unless at the head of Aus trian troops ? But that would be to begin afresh that system of intervention and immixion in the government of states recognised as independent—a system broken up by the late war, and which wOuld infallibly give rise to the same complications as before. _ _ _ Besides, if the restoration were effected by these means, how would princes be able to govern in accord with the country The fallen sovereigns, after returning at the head of foreign troops, would find no support except in Austrian bayonets. A restoration effected under such auspices, the immo derate use of a power unsupported by public opinion, would have as its inevitable result the triumph of demagogic doctrines and revolutionary passions. Darkness and chaos would again spread over Europe has but too often heal corn pclicd to witness, in this country, the sad spectacle of a government doing its utmost to weaken in the hunun conscience the respect for monarchical authority. Let Europe reflect and decide. It is with that object that the King's Govern ment think it a duty to address the Cabinets. Taking advantage of the rights conferred upon Ifirn by the general vote of the populations, his Majesty might have accepted, at least provisionally, the government of the st-tes of Central Italy. But he has t.hougLt that if, as an Italian Prince, he need only consult his conscience, as a member of the European family he had duties of another nature to fulfil, It is necessary that Europe should intervene to solve the difficulties of the situation. The acts which have taken place in the Romagnas show that this necessity_ is now. urgent, and that delay would be dangerous.. The considerations which precede are applicable in great part to these provinces, but if the collective authority of the powers is to deli berate upon the changes that have taken place in public law of the Duchies, there is still more reason for them to turn their most serious attention to the question of the Legations. By the Memorandum of 1831, and by the declarations of the Congress of Paris, the pou ers have contracted duties towards these unhappy countries ; they are consequently bound to give satisfaction to their legitimate wishes. The double quality of the Sovereign Pontiff and the respect due to the chief of the Roman Catholic Church counsel us, Monsieur le Ministre, not to insist on the abn orma l con diti ons i n which Romagna is placed ; these conditions are in truth too notorious for it to be necessary for us to dwell once again on the consequences they were destined to produce and really have produced. It is only by means of foreign occupation that the Holy See has been able to preserve the government of the Legations. The last occupation continued for eleven years ; the exercise of the most essential attributes of sove reignty were given up to foreign military authority; the Sovereign Pontiff only reigned nominally ; and in point of fact these provinces passed under Aus trian domination. The populations have preserved admirable order up to this day. But they would consider themselves abandoned if they were to acquire the certitude that the old government is to be re-established, and with it the crying abuses of an administration irre concileable with the wants of modern civilisation ; and then nothing would check the outbreak of popular passions, and despair would drive the masses to extreme resolution. The King's Government has full confidence in the generous initiative and in the justice of Europe. The principle invoked by the populations of Central Italy is consecrated by diplomatic antecedents • it was recognised unde r c i rcums t ances l ess favourable in Greece, in Belgium, and more recently in the Danubian principalities ; it is the principle which has modified the constitution of England and France. Not only does it not disturb in the present case the balance of power, but it destroys the latent germ of future discords. It at the same time gives repose to Italy, the noble country to which Europe has been twice indebted for the benefits of enlighten ment and civilisation. To violate that right, which has already pene trated into international relations, would be to com mit a crime against opinion —nay, more, against the public conscience. In these days governments as well as individuals know that they must count with that power when it protests in the name of the eternal principles of justice. I beg of you, sir, to read this despatch to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of —, and accept, &c., DABORMIDA. (1) Vide the memorial presented to Lord Castlereagh in S e ptember, 1814, by Count d'Aglie, the King of Sardinia's Minister at London. TRIAL TRIP OF TILE GREAT _EASTERN PORTLAND ROADS, 12 NOON, OCT. 8. In the course of another hour or so from this time the Great Eastern will have commenced her second trial trip, and be well on her way under easy steam for the Scilly Islands. It has required no ordinary effort on the part of the directors and con tractor to get the vessel in a state even to quit this harbour on her coasting voyage. For anything ap proaching a sea cruise she is still unprepared, and an immense amount of work has still to be done be fore the Great Eastern can really try her strength and speed with the huge waves of the Atlantic. That this last-named trial will take place, as at one time stated, on the 20th of October, is now utterly out of the question. Throughout, I have always said the voyage to America was certain not to take place in October at all. From what I now see, I think 1 may venture further and state at once that it is more than probable the Great Eastern will not leave England during this win ter. This may, and most likely will, disap point and chill the enthusiasm on the other side of the water, but American fervour bears keeping for a long time, and perhaps the reception of tine " Big Ship" will be all the more striking from the fact of its arrival being delayed till the spring. At Holyhead she will remain, it is supposed, till the end of the present month. What the next step will be is matter for conjecture, though Southampton offers such facilities for fitting out the ship com pletely that it is almost certain that that will be the port chosen for her winter quarters. On Thursday afternoon and yesterday morning the steam machinery for assisting in working round the capstan was tested by Mr. Scott Russell. The result was not satisfactory, and after getting in one or two fathoms of the cable the machinery came to a dead stand. The new tackle for steering (not Mr. Lungley's steering apparatus) was also tried, and with additional purchases seemed at last to work well. This morning it has been tested and retested to the utmost that can be effected while the vessel is at her moorings. Two men are able to get the helm over from hard a-port to hard a-starboard in 28 seconds. What time it will take, or how many men it will require when the screw is going full speed and the vessel slipping through the water at 15 or 16 knots an hour it is hard to say. The programme of the trial trip is briefly as follows. During this afternoon and to-night the vessel under easy steam will keep down the Chanuel, though in sight of land till all the machinery is in good working order. To-morrow soon after 10 steam will be shut off from the paddle engines, and for hours the Great Eastern :will be driven by the screw only. During this time the pressure vacuum, number of revolutions, and amount of coal consumed will be carefully registered, with the speed of the ship, both by hand and patent logs When as much is known as can be ascertained in a four hours' run, steam will be shut off in the screw engines, and the paddle will be tested for the same time in the same manner. Mr. Blake and Mr. Langdon, of the firm of Bolton and Watt, go in sole charge of the screw engines. Mr. Scott Russell and his assistants are solely in charge of the eaddles, The former gentlemen are confident that triey can easily obtain from 40 to 44 revolutions of the screw engines while driving the ship alone. The latter is willing to try going as near to the 14 revolutions of the paddles as can be accomplished ; 12 or 14 revo lutions could easily be obtained from , the paddle engines while the paddle wheels themselves are in their present condition, as Mr. Scott Russell's as sistants have reefed the floats no less than 2 feet. Every engineer will understand at once what the effect of this will be. Reefing the floats means put ting the floats or boards on the wheels that propel the vessel so much nearer to the centre of the paddle wheel as virtually to reduce its diameter. By reef ing all the floats of the Great Eastern 21- feet, the diameter of the wheel is now reduced from 53 to 48 feet. At present only four of the floats are in the water at the same time, and these have so little im mersion as to be virtually useless in propelling th. ship. Under these circumstances 12 or even 14 re volutions may be got out of the paddle engines easily, but the gain in the speed of the ship will be almost nil. It will, however, make a most impor tant difference as regards testing the engines for speed and strength. Both engines are to be testes to the very utmost at which they can be pushed with safety, for the directors are determined if a break down is to occur to have it, and remedy it before the vessel goes to tea on her regular voyages. In the present trip it is quite possible that some portions of the machinery may give under the rigid tests they will have to pass through, but a break down now will go far tgrender one impossible here after. If the piston and air-pump rods of the paddle engines will bear 14 revolutions a minute, even though the paddles are but slightly immersed, they will stand anything. So, also, if the screw engines now are able to bear 44 revolutions with out heating a little time of working will soon get them np to their full speed of 53. The number of visitors on board during the trial trip has been limited exclusively to those connected with the vessel. Mr. Campbell and Mr. Bold —the chairman and managing director—are on hoard, with Capt. Robertson, R.N., Surveyor• General of the Board of Trade, and his assistants, Mr. Galloway and Mr. Carr. These gentlemen came down with Capt. Robertson specially to exa mine and report upon the fitness of the vessel during her trip from this port to Holyhead. Mr. Brereton and Mr. Jacomb go round as the late Mr. Brunel's representatives, with Professor Frond Mr. Trotman is also on board, with Mr. Talbot and Mr. Ogilvie. Beyond these none have been admitted. PLYMOUTH, MONDAY MoRNING. The brigantine Sea Nymph, from Newcastle, with coal, for this port, arrived in the Sound yeb terday. Her master, Mr. Day, reports that he vas •ff balcombe at a quarter before 1Q on Saturda3 night, and by the aid of his telescope saw a vet largo ship going di:mu Channel under steam. UV counted seven or eight masts and funnels, and con cludes that she was the Greg Eastern. LITERATURE. The Journal of Psychological 31 - edicine. Churchill. It is remarked in the usual quarterly retrospect that the practical psychologist will find much matter of interest in several events which have happened during the past quarter. Foremost among them is placed the Irish religious " revival," of which the writer ap2ears to take a simple and sensible view. While readily owning all that is good and beneficial in a hightened state of religious feeling among the community, he begs the clerical authorities, in the event of religious enthusiasm manifesting itself among their congregations, to check at the very out set all tendencies to trance, ecstacy, visions, and convulsions which are commonly characterised as hysterical, and which would, in the majority of in stances, prove in the end most injurious to morality and religion. A paper on the distribution of suicides in England and Wales contains some start ling facts for the consideration of the social philo sopher. The second article, on " The Psychology of Kant," is also worthy of perusal, though some what abstruse in its character. The account of the " Asylums of Italy, France, and Germany" is con tinued, and articles on many subjects connected with mental disorders and psychological science are given. the Journal of Agriculture. Blackwood. Mr. Robert Scott Burn, who has gained some distinction by his knowledge of scientific agriculture, has contributed two papers to the present number of this quarterly. The first is in continuation of the series of papers in which he has furnished the readers of this journal with an account of the pro ceedings at the leading agricultural meetings of Great Britain. In this essay he remarks that, hav ing continued his investigations for some years, he has had occasion to note the remarkable advance in mechanical and scientific knowledge, as applied to agricultural purposes, and the practical skill dis played in that application. The other paper, by the same writer, is a continuation of his " Notes, chiefly agricultural, taken during a tour in Belgium, Holland, and on the Rhine ;" and the reader may be interested in comparing the progress of agricul tural science, and the rival merits of the different machinery, as described in the two papers. Among the other articles, there is one on Maritime Pisci culture, which furnishes some interesting particu lars of oyster beds. The " Farmer's Note Book" is continued, and has a letter from a gentleman, re contly in Australia, on the " Dippings of Sheep in. Arsesical Solutions." He affirms that the disas trous results which sometimes follow, which in a recent case gave rise to a lawsuit, are owing to the experiments being made in hot weather; instead of in cold. A note, by Professor Dicke, confirms the assertion, which deserves the attention of sheep farmers. "The Transactions of the H;ghland So ciety" are, as usual, carefully reported, and a lengthened account of the Edinburgh Show and the premiums awarded there is added to it. The Art journal. An engraving from the picture of St. Agnes, by Domenichino, in the Royal Collection, is the first of the large plates which meets the reader in the Art Journal. The engraving is skilfully executed, but the expression of the countenance fails somewhat in the elevation and spirituality which are usually associated with the character of St. Agnes. " Europa" is the title of the second picture so named from a g rou p i n th e f oreground, but which, in reality, is chiefly striking from one of the ex quisite landscapes which we owe to the pencil of Claude. The third plate, as usual, represents sta tuary, and engraved by G. Baker, from a bas-relief by Sir R. Westmaeott : it is entitled " Charity," but the meaning is not very clear, nor the attitude of the chief figure graceful. The prose contents are well worthy of attention. Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Hall continue their record of "Excursions in South - Wales," illustrated by charming vignettes. G. W. Thornbury proceeds with his series of papers, and furnishes a vivid sketch of some of the chief passages in the life of Barry ; ending, as many another re cord of artist and poet and genius of all kinds migh t end, with the pithy comment on his funeral solemni ties—" What a pity it is that people who were SO liberal to Barry's undertaker, when Barry was dead, had not been more liberal to Barry's baker when Barry was alive !" The fifth number of the " Personal Recollections of Great Artists" treats of Etty, and there are many articles on subjects of artistic interest which contain much that will attract and inform the general reader as well as gratify the experienced artist. MISCELLANEOUS MAGAZINES. The Eclectic has articles on various subjects of interest suited to very opposite tastes. The first is on Abelard and Heloise, and the philosopher re ceives a kindlier treatment than is often accorded him. M. Michel's " Secret History of the Austrian Government" furnishes the subject for an essay on. Protestantism in Austria. An account of Drake's I voyages round the world gives a vivid description of the adventures and achievements of our great navigator. Mrs. Howitt continues her pleasant " Sun Pictures," and among the remaining contents we may notice a sketch of the career of the Sardi nian ex-Premier, Cavour, and a paper on the British navy.—titan has an essay on some recent works of note under the curious title of " Pathological love in its English aspect," which deserves perusal. It exemplifies the different qualities of the Eng lish and French schools of fiction. " Getting On," by the author of " Behind the Scenes," is continued, and the story progresses rapidly, leaving poor Kate Morgan reconciled to her grandfathe r , and the hero in the usual straits in w hi c h heroes find theta selves when they have neither friends nor employ ment. The extracts from new books are given as usual, and are an attractive feature.—Newton's London Journal has its accustomed list of neW patents and inventions, with illustrative diagrams of the proposed machinery. The scientific notices include the Reports of the Institution of Me chanical Engineers, and of the London Association of Foremen Engineers.—The Welcome Guest hal been altered, but maintains the same lively strain. It will probably amuse those who like light and comic reading, but has no . pretensions to anything higher. The charming series of The Wild Flowers of England is continued, and describes the haunts and habits of our field favourites with a simplicity and interest rarely met with in a botanical work. —The , Shipwrecked Mariner is a quarterly maga zine devoted to the interests of the mariner, which records the various societies and chari ties existing for the relief of the widows and orphans of shipwrecked men, and the different suggestions and means of averting danger which may be made in that quarter. It is a useful little periodical likely to be of practical service to the sailor and fisherman.—Routledge's Shakspeare is proceeding with spirit, and has nearly completed the works of 'our great dramatist. " Macbeth" is in the present part, and the illustrations are drawn with all John Gilbert's accustomed vigour.—The people's edition of The Poetical Works of Thomas Moore has reached the seventh part, which contains the greater portion of his satirical and humorous poems. In three more numbers it will be com pleted.—The English Cycloycedia maintains its character as a comprehensive and standard work of authentic and extensive information. It will be invaluable as a work of general in formation no less than as a complete and com pendious referee.—Knight's Popular _History of England brings us down to the stirring times of century ago, the days of the Seven Years' Ware and the Battle of Plassey. The information is, as usual, correct and comprehensive, and the language clear and terse.—Routtedge's Illustrated Natural History will undoubtedly be one of the most com plete and attractive works of the kind in the lan guage. The numerous and excellent woodcuts add greatly to the attractions and advantages of the work. Plain or Ringlets, by the author of " Soapy Sponge," is continued in its accustomed humorous style, and will doubtless entertain the admirers of this author. --- THE CATTLE TRADE.—Norwich, Oct. B.—To day's market was largely supplied with store cattle ; a g ood amount of business was transacted, but at the close of the market about a fourth remained -on hand. Scots made 40. to 4s. 6d. (forward in condition 55.) ; shorthorns, 4s. to ls. 6d. ; Devons, 4s. to 4s. 6d. ; Irish, 3s. 6d. to ls. per 141 b. (estimated weight when fat). Both fat beasts and sheep were dull. AN UNREGISTERED SURGEON FINED.—The Liver pool county magistrates on Saturday fined Mr. Thomatt Howard 20s. for practising as, a surgeon at the Old Swan, near Liverpool, without being duly registered. The infer' mation was founded upon a vaccination certificate which Mr. Howard recently gave. It appeared that the defendant had purchased the business and connexion of a Mr. Hall, and that he had only held the practice since the 14th tilt THE EDINBURGH ANNUITY TAX. —Orders have been issued by the Crown-office for the apprehension of several of the parties who assaulted and deforced the sheriffs' officers in the collection of the annuity tax on the 17th ult. On Saturday the sit y officers, aided by the police, proceeded to the premises of Mr. Hunter, confectioner, St. Andrews street, where the deforcement took place, having warrants for the app re h ens i on of Mr. Hunter and Thomas Peaooekt his foreman. Mr. Hunter was absent at the time, but Peep cock was taken into custody and conveyed to the office of the Procurator-Fiscal for the city, where he was afterwards liberated on finding bail for £3O, Tho apprehension was quite peaceably effected, but shortly afterwards a large crowd assembled around the door, though happily there was no attempt to disturb the peace. The charge against Hunter and his foreman is that of assault and deforcement of officers in the execution of their duty. Mr. Hunter, it will be rememb ere d, was th e p erson th e off i cers were sent to apprehend, and in place of submission he is said to have made the utmost resistance in hispower, in which resistance lie was aided by several of his employes and other persono• the result being that he escaped from the officers' hands. There has been no attempt since to enforce payment of the tax against him, but the warrant now issued is the result of a protracted inquiry into the deforcement by the Procura tor-Fiscal, who reported the case to the Crown-office.