The Sun. — London, England, 1859-10-29 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GA RDEN. Under the manaCement of Miss L. Pyne and Mr.W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, DINO R A H. Messrs. Santley, H. Corr', St. Albyn, and W. Harrison. Misses Pilling, TWA wall, and Miss Louisa Pyne. _ _ Conductor, Alfred Mellon. DIVERTISSEMENT. Mdlles. Lequine, Pasquale, Pier 70n, and Mons. Vandris. Commence at 8 o'clock. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Bnckstone. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with THE ROAD TO RUIN. Mr. C. ➢lathews. And PAUL PRY. Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, the pertormaneA.s will commence with lIA3DLET. Hamlet, Mr. G. Melville; Ghost, Mr. Ryder ; Ophelia, Miss Carlotta Leclercq. • To be followed by a dramatic tableau in Watteau colours, by J. R. Manche, Esq., entitled LOVE AND FORTUNE. NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manacrer, Mr. Benj. Webster. Open for the Winter Season. THIS EVENTNG, a new farce, entitled A ROW ON rHE PREMISES. Mr. David Fisher, P. Bedford, C. Selby, Miss H. Simms, K. Kelly, Mrs. Billington. After which, THE WILLOW COPSE. Luke, Mr. Ben. Webster; Hulks, Mr. David Fisher ; Augustus, Mr. J. L. Toole ; Staggers, Mr. Paul Bedford. Followed by LOVE AND HUNGER. Mr. David Fisher, Mr. Paul Bedford, C. Selby, C. J. Smith, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Laidlaw. Doors open at half-past six—Commence at seven. Box- Office open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats, nor for bills of performance. All fees to servants of this establishment are strictly prohibited. Acting Manager—Mr. Win. Smith. ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and West minster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passen gers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING, Poole's comedy, THEY'RE BOTH TO BLAME. Messrs. Leigh Murray, Barrett, Walter Carle ; Mesdames Frank Matthews, Murray, Catharine Hickson. After which, the new Comedian, entitled CUPID'S LADDER. Reuben, Miss Lydia Thompson. Followed by MAGIC TOYS, supportA by Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Clara St. Casse, and a numerous Corps de Ballet. To conclude with the New and Original Burlesque, by L. Buckingham, Esq., of VIEGINIIIS ; or the Trials of a Fond Papa. Reduced Prices—Gallery, fid ; Pit, is. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six ; perform ance commences at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN EGGS. After which THE GREAT RUSSIAN BEAR; or, An other Retreat from Moscow. Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. And CAUGHT BY THE EARS. Commence at 7 o'clock ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Westminster-road. Sole Lessee Mr. William Cooke. Brilliant reception of the New Historic d Drama, by Tom Taylor, Esq., called GARIBALDI, sustained by a New Dra matic Company, full Stud of beautiful Horses, Characteristic Costumes and Picturesque Scenery. Engagement for a limited period of the Great Delavanti troupe, Gvmnasists par excellence; also, Little .Benda, the most Wonderful Juvenile Equestrian in the World. Scenes in the Circle by Star Riders and talented Equestrians. Terminating with a Laughable Farce. Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips CA - NTERBUR V HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING.—The Music of Verdi's Opera of MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con certs). - - And a Grand Selection from Meyerbeer's new opera of DINORAII. Comic Vocalists -- 1 3Tessrs. George Hodson (the Trish Come dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchtield, and E. W. Mackney. Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant sights of the metropolis. THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, OCTOBER 29. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 55—highest since noon yesterday. 46—lowest this morning and during the night. 48—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29.36 ; a fall of nearly half an inch. WlND—Westerly ; fresh, with fine cool weather 0- 711 , t p0 0 . 7 . ,z Tr J • %I :4 1 • 'ti" THE SUN. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1869. The magnificent tribute of respect and admiration offered on Wednesday to Lord BROUGHAM by the inhabitants of his native place, the good city of Edinburgh, is not likely to be very soon forgotten. Even if viewed simply in regard to what it was, it can scarcely be lost very soon to remembrance. But recollecting what it led to, it can hardly be ob literated very easily from the memory of the more intelligent and patriotic part of the population. The occasion itself was sufficiently remarkable. It was a banquet offered to the noble and learned lord in the eighty-second year of his laborious and illustrious life, in recognition of his great services and his great achievements—in how many different characters ? As an orator. As a man of letters. As a lawyer. As a philosopher. As a philanthropist. As a statesman. As one who had made laws, and had helped to administer them. Asa critic and an historian. As a scientific discoverer, whose re searches have been prosecuted with indomitable energy and unflaging perseverance up to this pre sent period, when he is upwards of eighty-one years of age, from the time he was a stripling of seventeen ! Recollect some of the most noticeable among the prolonged labours of Lord BROUGHAM in these diversified characters. Recollect that as an orator he has attained not simply a high but the highest rank in the Walhalla of Rhetoric—that he has produced not one but several distinct and memorable masterpieces of oratory that are worthy of comparison with the most brilliant efforts of the greatest masters of eloquence of modern times or of the ages of classic antiquity. As a man of letters he has written with singular brilliancy upon almost all of the various departments of literature. As a reviewer in the Edinburgh he occupied from its outset one of the most feared and conspicuous places—goading Lord BYRON, by richly merited sarcasms, to the first display of his extraordinary genius —upon one occasion when there was a dearth of copy in the hands of the printer, writing almost the whole of one of those quarterly volumes swathed in blue-and-buff. As a lawyer his career has been such that he takes rank at once as incom parably the greatest law reformer England has ever had. His labours in that capacity have been truly herculean. Insomuch that the noble and learned lord himself good-humouredly acknow ledged on Wednesday that the mere enumeration of his bills and acts " forms"—[we give the noble and learned lord's own words, together with the interruptions elicited by them from his hearers] —" forms a very cumbrous volume—cumbrous i n all res p ects— (laughter) —difficult to buy— difficult to read—l won't say difficult to remem- i ber if you have read it." (Renewed laughter.) As a philosopher his labours have been such during upwards of sixty years that they have com manded the eirlogium of one of the most remarkable among the living chiefs of science—the panegyric of Sir DAVID BREWSTER in his life of Sir ISAAC NEWTON. As a philanthropist, even if we could forget his splendid exertions in behalf o f the great principle of popular education, it would be enough if we were to bear in mind his glorious suppression of the slave trade by the effectual device of branding it as a felony. As the Lord Provost admirably remarked on Wed nesday, when giving the toast of the evening— " His is the proud distinction of having most powerfully contributed to bring to successful issue those measures which great and wise and good men had long been labouring to accomplish for the purpose of abolishing the accursed traffic in human blood, and of raising Great Britain to the high and noble position of being, along with her dependencies, the abode of the free, and the free alone." While as to his educational achievements, those, certainly, do not need, as, from their nume rical abundance, they would certainly render diffi cult, any explicit and consecutive enumeration. It is instructive in regard to those labours, by the way, to bear in remembrance that it was appropriately from the lips of Lord BROUGHAM years and years ago that emanated the famous boast that the schoolmaster was abroad! The expression, long since become proverbial, was first uttered by the noble and learned lord during his ever memorable Speech on Reform—his Speech among Speeches upon Reform, when HENRY BROUGHAM was M.P. for the West Riding of Yorkshire. " Field-Mar shal the Duke of WELLINGTON," said Mr. BRou GUAM, "may take the army, he may take the navy, with all the powers of the Executive he may array himself; but I fear him not. The schoolmaster is abroad, and I will trust to him armed with his primer rather than to the soldier with his bayonet." And assuredly for that very fact of the schoolmaster being abroad we are indebted, as a nation, to the very man who uttered those now familiar words more than to any other man of our generation. Apart, however, as we have already intimated wholly and entirely apart from the memorable character of the banquet itself, it is most memor able, for inasmuch as it drew forth from the heart of the venerable judge, orator, annalist, critic, lawgiver, statesman, philosopher, philanthropist, those thrilling words of warning to the nation at large upon which we have already in these columns (namely, on the very morrow of the banquet) deli berately and earnestly commented. What are those burning words of his with which he closes the allegory of the Tempter, the Father of Lies, tempt ing France with the Laurel, England with the Golden Apple (of discord), tempting them both as speciously as the arch Fiend tempted our first parents in Paradise ? It is just after he has imagined the British Empire crying out as with one voice " Avaunt Satan" to the most sordid and glittering of these allurements that Lord BROUGHAM adds in regard to the great Tempter, " But he is unabashed ; he is of infinite perseverance, and never despairs ; he is of infinite pertinacity, and of infinite resources also. So he tries another trick— What are you afraid of ?—and I wish he may be as certain to have no listeners in this—What are you afraid of ? Nobody is going to attack you ; there is no chance of any attack ! Why should you spend so much of your substance in making preparations for your defence—preparations so costly and alto gether useless ? I think some few will listen to that. But the great body of the people of this country—high and low, rich and poor, of all ranks, of all parties, of all descriptions, of all sects—must know and must feel in their hearts' core that it is the most dangerous of all the tempting—is the most perilous of all the Fiend's advice, and that there is but one safety for this country, and that is to be prepared by sea and by land, in every way in which an attack is possible, however un likely, so that every attack may be made not only utterly impossible to succeed, but also impossible to be attempted—and I verily believe that there never was a more universal feeling of assent in this coun try to any one doctrine than to this, that we don't distrust our neighbours—very far from it—we trust them, but we trust ourselves a great deal more—and that we do the best thing—the kindest thing both for those neighbours and for ourselves, in being completely, absolutely prepared for what ver may happen." GOD grant that these solemn recommendations may be acted upon betimes. And then England may laugh to scorn both the wiles of the Tempter and the glamour of his temptations. The triumphant return of Lord BROUGHAM as Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh has just now capped the climax of grateful admiration proffered simultaneously by his alma mater and his birthplace to the venerable and illustrious octo genarian. GARIBALDI is now taking the part which becomes him. What a noble man he has proved himself to be ! Ready, on the side of Liberty, to obey or to command—to take any post which the occasion requires—in each of them quite above all mean jealousies, intent only on the same patriotic object—his fatherland's independence. There is not a single man in the present struggle in Italy in whom all Europe feels more personal interest than it does in GARIBALDI. Every account of him received through :niividuals wins the hearts and commands the respect of all, while his public acts equally call forth admiration of his genius for command. Count CAVOUR and his master are admired and respected, the Emperor of FRANCE is thought of as an impassive impersonation of fate, FRANCIS JOSEPH is detested as a Hapsburg and pitied as a lad ;. but GARIBALDI is both admired and loved. This great and amiable patriot is now in the very position in which he is needed—the Ro magna. Hard work will the Holy Father and his Swiss mercenaries have to eject him and the soldiers he has gathered around him from thence. In fifteen days, he tells us, he makes a brave Italian into a soldier ; and he seems to have the peculiar power, too, of making Italians brave. He and they now plainly see that the trust of Italians must be in themselves. LOUIS NAPOLEON may or may not be at heart well affected towards their complete liberation from all foreign power and influence, but the treaty of Zurich has made it plain to them all that he must act, as if he really desirel the return of the Duke and the Italian Confedera tion—Austria being the strongest member of it. It is clear to all, therefore, and to none more so than to GARIBALDI, that Italian arms can alone win Italian freedom. If the emancipated States are strong enough to hold their own against Austria, they may be set free. If their front is such that oceans of patriot blood must flow before they would submit again to the old despotism, the old des potism will not be again forced upon them. Three documents from GARIBALDI'S pen have ap peared in yesterday's and to-day's papers, and They all show that the hero of Italy is awake to the de. mends of her position, and that he does not shrink from making them. He has accepted, as we saw yesterday, the presidency of the National Society— a society which has already done very much. Despite Austrian spies and gold, it prepared the population, this spring, to second the efforts of GARIBALDI at the foot of the Alps, and has for warded numerous volunteers—the business on which it is chiefly intent, and on which it is working suc cessfully. GARIBALDI points to Greece, fighting for six years, and America, for fourteen, to gain their liberties ; and reminds the Italians that, now, after only a few months' struggle, their cause has the sympathy of all Europe —he might have said of all freemen throughout the world. In the proclamation which appears to-day, he appeals to the country . on behalf of the families of needy volunteers. He demands for the wives and children of those who leave their homes to fight for their country's freedom that the country shall regard them as its charge. Ile calls on the municipalities to save the soldier from anxiety for those he has left behind. GARIBALDI is awarrior with a heart. He has heard, in his ranks, sons deploring the necessities of aged parents, husbands of their families; and he writes at once to the wealthy and to the corporations to regard them as the patriot's pledges of his love for his country, and to cherish them as such. Such leaders are the men to win the hearts of :those :they command :by sympathy with their present feelings ; and we trust he will not fail to elicit the contributions—we will not call it charity —which he asks. The Italians must respond to large demands. Let them rejoice to do so when the demand is for muskets to shoot those who have shot them down hitherto like beasts, and for kindness to those whose husbands and sons have left them in difficulties, that they may fight for the common cause. But the proclamation to the Neapolitans will, we trust, be the most effective of all, we mean in the work of getting rid of despots, or at least of despotism. ThQir young Monarch had the best of opportunities. He followed a detested, perjured, disloyal father, one who had disgusted even intel ligent men in his own dominions, and even every Court of Europe. True, he did mend things a little,but the Chambers have not been convoked as by law they ought to have been, on the death of the old KING, and the odious police are still in power. The country is still fettered hand and foot. GARIBALDI appeals to these downtrodden men to look at the present position of things. We have flogged the Austrians, he says, the Austrians, your former terror—we have flogged them everywhere. "We have seen them run like rabbits—seen them fly in terror, and beg their lives of those whose brothers, parents, and friends they had basely assassinated. We have seen the vile miscreants fly before the comrades of UGO BASSI, CIVEAGIII, and CICER tiACCIIIO, and ask their lives with a base ness unmistakeably Austrian ; and yet of those who surrendered, the Italians did not kill a single one." But where were the Neapolitans all this time. " The shout of victory was heard in every dialect except yours, and yet—we knew it—your hearts beat high in the cause of your country." All knew their goodwill was with the combatants for freedom, though they were absent in body ; but, this time—says GARIBALDI—you will be with us in both." And, appealing to names which would stir the hearts of any Neapolitan, he declares all the machinations of priests and Sove reigns vain, for " Our brethren of the south have clasped the hands of our brothers of the centre and north ; the sons of the PROCIDAS, and the MAs• SANIELLOS, and the PEPES, have grasped the victorious right hand of the soldier of Palestro and San Martino." What England will think of this we know. Not only Lord JOAN RUSSELL, but Lord ABERDEEN and Mr. GLADSTONE will rejoice to see Naples likely to arouse itself. GARIBALDI will not, we imagine, appeal in vain, ant France must join with us in bidding all would be interveners stand by and let the Neapolitans bring their KING to his senses, and liberate their country. A YRSIMZE ELECTION. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 3h. 31m.—Afternoon, 3h. 50m. To-Moßnow•Morning, 4h. 9m.—Afternoon, 4h. 28m. rIIE SUR, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 29, 1859, CLOSE OF THE POLL. For Sir James Fergusson For Mr. Campbell Majority 46 PURCHASE OF COAL BY THE ADMIRALTY. (From the Times' City Article.) The following letter relates to the plan pursued by the Admiralty for the purchase of coal. It is known to represent the feeling of a number of re spectable firms : " London, Oct. 28. " Sir,—We observe that in your Money Article of to-day you say, with reference to the shipment of coal to China, that 'no tenders have as yet been called for by the English Government.' " Further than this, we have reason to believe that there is no intention on the part of the Admiralty to invite com petition for the supply of the fuel requirements in those waters, for the simple reason that it has been the custom to employ an individual favoured by the Storekeeper-General, as agent in these shipments, to the exclusion of those who make this trade their particular study. " During the late war in China this course led to con siderable discussion, and was with some little difficulty brought under the notice of Mr. Corry, the then secretary of the Admiralty (letters 'addressed to him not having reached him until ces were placed in his hands by a member of Parliament, and it was hoped that such an un fair arrangement woulnot have been again repeated. It is now, however, reported that the orders are being given and executed by instalments through the - same channel, so that unless public opinion can be brought to bear upon the autho rities the business will be most unjustly done, privately and covertly, the element of healthy competition being entirely excluded. If the Government require such an amount of tonnage as to render the announcement of their actual wants undesirable, and should the matter be considered too im portant to trust entirely to the firm sending in the lowest tender, let the Admiralty send a notice to all the well known shippers; that offers of single cargoes or otherwise will be considered, and the business given to those who can control the tonnage without an injurious monoply. 'We are, sir, your obedient sbrvants, " COAL SHIPPERS." Sir E. Bulwer Lytton has returned to England, and we are happy to state that the right hon. baronet is in the enjoyment of perfectly recovered health. The Earl and Countess of Shaftesbury have left Broadlands for their seat, St. Giles, Dorset. The Countess of ICenmare has left Farrance's Hotel, Belgravia, for the Bristol Hotel, Brighton. The Countess of Caledon has left Farrance's Hotel, Belgravia, for her mansion in Carlton-house-terrace. Viscount Palmerston arrived in Town on Thurs day evening, from his seat, Broadlands, Hants. His lord ship returned to Broadlands, yesterday afternoon, where her ladyship is entertaining a select circle. Baron and Baroness de la Ronciere le Noury have left the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn-street, for Paris. Sir IL Peel has arrived in town. Lady Emily Peel is expected ill town to day, from Drayton Manor, Staffordshire. The Right Hon. W. F. and Mrs. Cowper are staying at Blenheim House on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Marlborough, and will shortly leave for Broad lands on a visit to Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston. Sir George and Lady Grey have arrived at Howchin's Hotel from a tour of visits. The Right Hon. T. Milner Gilson has arrived in London from his seat in Suffolk. The Chancellor of the Exchequer has returned ,o town from Hawarden Castle, Chester. Sir Peter and Lady Fairbairn have arrived at Howchin's Hotel from their seat, Woodsley House, Leeds. Captain Lambert. Turner and Mrs. Turner have left Howchin's Hotel for Brighton. We have to announce the demise, somewhat suddenly, of Mr. A. K. Oom, of the Foreign-office, who died on Thursday night, at Tunbridge Wells, from bron chitis. Mr. Oom had been attached to the Foreign-office, having been appointed a clerk in the mixed British and Spanish Commission in October, 1823, and became one of the senior clerks of the Foreign Department in December, 1846. GLOUCESTER ELECTION COMMISSION.—This in quiiy proceeded on Wednesday and Thursday. Tbo evi dence was of a similar character to that with which the com mission has been occupied for so many days. On Wednes day Mr. Toyeton, solicitor, who was concerned for the Conservatives, denied the truth of a statement which had been made that he had bribed the father of one of his clerks, named Dee, to vote for Sir R. Carden. Mr. Richd. Helps, Mayor of Gloucester, and late agent for Mr. Hope, gave an account of the expenses of various elections in which he had been engaged. On Thursday the evidence was of the same description. Many electors who had re ceived bribes were then examined. Between 30 and 40 witnesses, many of whom had been bribed by the Conserva tives, were examined. Yesterday moro than 30 witnesses were examined, all of whom admitted that they had re ceived bribes. When their evidence was concluded, Mr. Commissioner Vaughan announced that so far as the exa minations in Gloucester were concerned, the inquiry was closed. There were some few points still in dispute, and it would be necessary to hold one meeting in London to examine witnesses further as to those matters, of which due notice would be given. Ho thanked the inhabitants of Gloucester for the forbearance they had shown during what was frequently a very painful inquiry, and also the agents on each side for the assistance they had afforded, and the authoriies for the accommodation provided. Mr. D. M. Walker, on the part of the Liberals, and Mr. Lovegrove, for the Conservatives, acknowledged the impartiality and ability with which the inquiry had been conducted, and the proceedings terminated. SALMON FRY FOR AUSTRALIA.—The Tweed Commissioners have agreed to grant permission to take from the Yarrow and Ettrick a quantity of this year's salmon fry to sea out to Australia for artificial propagation. LATEST NEWS. PARIS, OCT. 28. A great fire has taken place to-day at the palace of the Senate (Palais do Luxembourg). The Salle de Seances has been completely destroyed. Four persons were dangerously injured. The gal leries, the museum, the library, the throne-room, the archives, the historical apartments, &c., are all saved. CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. (Per Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company.) The Panther, with the mails from Calcutta and China, arrived at Marseilles at noon this day (Friday). The mails left for London at two p.m. The Ceylon, with the heavy portion of the above mails, left Malta for Southampton on the evening of the 25th inst. BOMBAY MAIL. The Jedda, with the next incoming Bombay mail, left Aden at midnight on the 19th inst. FRANCE. PARIS, FRIDAY. The Times' Paris correspondent says :—" I have received the following important document from a friend in Italy. It is a letter addressed by the Emperor of the French, on the 20th inst. to the King of Sardinia, and the perfect authenticity of which I have no hesitation in guaranteeing : " Monsieur mon Frere,—l write to-day to your Majesty in order to set forth to you the present situation of affairs, to remind you of the past, and to settle with you the course which ought to be followed for the future. The circum stances are grave ; it is requisite to lay aside illusions and sterile regrets, and to examine carefully the real state of affairs. Thus, the question is not now whether I have done well or ill in making peace at Villatranca, but rather to obtain from the treaty results the most favourable for the pacification of Italy and for the repose of Europe. " Before entering on the discussion of this question, I am anxious to recall once more to your Majesty the obstacles which rendered every definitive negotiation and every defi nitive treaty so difficult. " In point of fact, war has often fewer complications than peace. In the former two interests only are in pre sence of each other—the attack and the defence ; in the latter, on the contrary, the point is to reconcile a multitude of interests—often of an opposite character. This is what actually occurred at the moment of the peace. It was ne cessary to conclude a treaty which should secure in the best manner possible the independence of Italy, which should satisfy Piedmont and the wishes of the population, and yet which should not wound the Catholic sentiment or the rights of the Sovereigns in whom Europe felt an interest. " I believed then that, if the Emperor of Austria wished to come to a frank understanding with me, with the view of bringing about this important result, the causes of anta gonism which for centuries had divided those two empires would disappear, and that the regeneration of Italy would be effected by common accord, and without further blood shed. " I now state what are, in my opinion, the essential con• ditions of that regeneration : " Italy to be composed of several independent States, united by a federal bond. " Each of these States to adopt a particular representa tive system and salutary reforms. " The Confederaticn to then ratify the principle of Italian nationality ; to have but one flag, but one system of Cus toms, and one currency. • "The directing centre to be at Rome, which should be composed of representatives named by the Sovereigns from a list prepared by the Chambers, in order thaf, in this species of Diet, the influence of the reigning families sus pected of a leaning towards Austria should be counter balanced by the element resulting from election. " By granting to the Holy Father the honorary Presi dency of the Confederation the religious sentiment of Catho lic Europe would be satisfied, the moral influence of the Popo would be increased throughout Italy, and would enable him to make concessions in conformity with the legitimate wishes of the populations. Now, the plan which I had formed at the moment of making peace may still be carried out if your Majesty will employ your influence in promoting it. Besides, a considerable advance has been already made in that direction. " The cession of Lombardy, with a limited debt, is an accomplished fact. " Austria has given up her right to keep garrisons in the strong places of Piacenza, Ferrara, and Commachio. " The rights of the Sovereins hive, it is true, been re served, but the independence of Central Italy has also been guaranteed, inasmuch as all idea of foreign intervention has been formally set aside ; and, lastly, Venetia is to become a province purely Italian. It is the real interest of your Majesty, as of the Peninsula, to second me in the develop ment of this plan, in order to obtain from 'it the best re sults, for your Majesty cannot forget that I am bound by the treaty; and I cannot, in the Congress which is about to open, withdraw myself from my engagements. The part of France is traced beforehand. "We demand that Parma and Piacenza shall be united to Piedmont, because this territory is, in a stragetical point of view, indispensable to her. " We demand that the Duchess of Parma shall bs called t 3 Modena ; . _ " That Tuscany, augmented, perhaps, by a portion of territory, shall be restored to the Grand Duke Ferdinand ; " That a system of moderate (sage) liberty shall be adopted in all the States of Italy ; "That Austria shall frankly disengage her: elf from an incessant cause of embarrassment for the future, and that she shall consent to complete the nationality of Venetia by creating not only a separate representation and administra tion, but also an Italian army, " We demand that the fortresses of Mantua and Pas chiera shall be recognised as federal fortresses ; " And, lastly, that a Confederation based on the real wants, as well as oAi the traditions of the Peninsula, to the exclusion of every foreign influence shall consolidate the fabric of the independence of Italy. "I shall neglect nothing for the attainment of this great result. Let your Majesty be convinced of it, my sentiments will not vary, and so far as the interests of France are not opposed to it, I shall always be happy to serve the cause for which we have combated together. " Palace of St. Cloud, 20th of October, 1869." In the foregoing will be found the substance of the programme which is to be laid before the Con gress. The King of Sardinia has had time by this to reflect upon it. What may be the opinion of his advisers I cannot, of course, determine, but on the first view it appears to merit the serious consi deration of every moderate and impartial man. Whatever may have been the aspirations of the Italian people, elevated by the success of the war, it is certain that the changes referred to in the Emperor's letter are such as a year ago would have amply satisfied the wishes of the Italians. I may observe that the participation of England in the coming Congress, though not improbable, is not yet definitively settled. The Emperor is most desirous that England should associate herself in the work, and it remains for our Government to decide whether the " regeneration of Italy," as shadowed forth in the preceding document, is worthy of their co-operation. Prince Napoleon arrived yesterday morning at the Palais Royal on his return from England. He appears to be much satisfied with the attentions he received from all classes of persons with whom he came in contact. The Constitutionnel contains to-day a conspicuous article on the affairs of Italy, evidently from an official source. It represents the views of the Em peror, who still calls upon the great Powers to assist France in considering what are the best means of consolidating the peace of Europe. The Constitutionnel observes :—" In 1815 the Powers of Europe took their revenge on France, and yielding to the dictates of a long pent-up resentment, assigned to France a less dis tinguished position than she merited. That course was a grave fault, for if we were to be punished we ought not to have been humiliated." The article is liberal, aid reminds the world that France will respect the will of the people of Europe. This is a salutary change from a policy too prominently set forth of late in the Pays and other Government journals. The Constitutionnel says: -- " In order to fulfil the mission which the Emperor's Go vernment proposed to itself, two roads were open before it. Either it should have renewed the gigantic struggles of the beginning of the present century, raise the whole of France, fall on Europe, and once more exhaust both; or, what was more difficult, but more noble, it had to change this mandate of vengeance into one of devotedness ; might defend the independence even of• those who had conspired against that of the country, and no longer separate the grandeur of France from that of Europe. It is well known on which of those two alternatives the Emperor's Govern ment decided. What did it go to the East to effect ? Re-establish the balance of power in Europe. which was compromised by the illegitimate preponderance of Russia. What did France go to Italy to carry out? Without doubt, to take in hand the cause of an allied nation, but above all to save that equilibrium of the political world which was threatened by the successive encroachments of the Austrian Ccesars. Does that mean that France, by her devotedness, now aspires to exercise a kind of effective tutelage over Europe ? Certainly not. She is not igno rant that a protectorate, however full of abnegation it may be, is a servitude in disguise for tho Power which accepts it, and a perilous charge for the one which exercises it. France, far from yielding to that ambition which is attri butable to her, has always recommended Europe to watch over h7r own interests." The writer then suggests to the other Powers of Europe, that in place of trying to keep down the expansive force of France, as formerly, they should endeavour to utilise it by formally assigning to her the rank which belongs to her among other nations. Such it declares, would be one of the great acts of the Congress. The article concludes in these words : "The Imperial Government formed a right opinion of France when it assigned to her the part of absolute distin terestedness which she has followed for the last 10 years. She alone is, in fact, capable of raising herself above the material preoccupations and the selfish ambitions of this positive age and of lavishing her blood and her treasure solely for the triumph of an idea. France, in times of agitation and of anger, has been able to move all Europe by showing herself as the soldier of violence and of revolution ; but now France may tranquillise her, since she has revealed herself as the soldier of civilisation and of national right." THE BOURSE, Oct. 28.—The market has been steady, but without much animation. Threes have been done at 69f. 40e. and 69f. 50c. ; Mobilier, 772 f. 50c. and 777 f. 55c.; Austrian, 540 f. and 542 f. 50c. ; Lombard, 547 f. 50c. and 550 f.; Lyons, 910 f. and 911 f. 25c.; Orleans, 1,3601. and 1,362 f. 50c.; Southern, 507 f. 50c. and 508 f. 75c. The fol lowing were the last quotations : 4f per Cents. .... 95 I Credit Fonder 690 Do. end month .. Belgian 41 : — 3 per Cents 69 40 Piedmontese (5) .. 83 Do. end month 69 45 Roman B4 Bank Shares 2835 Austrian Credit Mobilier .. 771 25 Spanish Threes Do. Account ..... 776 25 Home Debt 4ll RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern 932 50 .. 932 50 New ditto Bl7 50 .. Lyons and Mediterranean 907 50 .. 908 75 Geneva 520 Southern Western 565 505 Eastern Sardiniaa Austrian Lombard Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 111 c. ; money, 25f. 10c.; three months, paper, 24f. 96c.; money, 241. 940. SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 24th state that the enthusiasm created by the declaration in the Cham bers of war against Morocco was so great that an ex commander of a battalion of the National Guard had waited on the President, in the name of that body, to solicit permission to raise a corps of volun teers, and they add that the Minister had inti mated that the Government would most likely grant it. The army to act against Morocco has been formed into five divisions, one under General Echague of three brigades; the second, under Gen. Zabala, of four ; the third, under General Ros de Olano, of four ; the fourth, under General Prim, of three ; and the fifth, of cavalry, under General Galiano, of two. The artillery to be sent with the expedition has been definitively fixed at 68 pieces. Marshal O'Donnell, commander-in-chief of the ex pedition, was to leave Madrid in nine or ten days ; he is to have, it is said, the power of making promotions as he pleases up to the grade of colonel. Several changes in the unform and equipments of the expedition have been made, and the officers had been ordered to provide themselves with revol vers. The Correo Autourafit states that some little delay in the formal proclamation of war in the Gazette had taken place owing to Spanish subjects in Morocco not having obeyed, so promptly as had been expected, the injunctions given to leave the country with their families and pro perty. The cholera continued to prevail in Alge siras, and an officer of the staff had died of it, never theless the journals affirm that the sanitary condition of the army in that place is "highly satisfactory.' An artist named Van Halen, several photographers, and a literary man had been ordered to ac company the expedition in order to perpetuate the remembrance of its high deeds. The fi nancial measures presented by the Minister of Finance to the Cortes propose a tax on the sale of real property, an augmentation of the stamp duty, and in case the army be fixed at 100,000 men, power to increase the land tax up to 12 per cent., and the tax on manufactures and commerce up to 10; it further proposes that all public functionaries who receive from 3,000 f. to 16,000 f. shall be subjected to a stoppage of 8 per cent., and those who receive larger amounts, to one of 10 per cent. ; also that the floating debt shall be fixed at 140,000,000 reals. AFRICA. The last accounts from the western coast of Africa have brought the news of the death of Guezo, King of Dahomey. The following are some details concerning that country : " Dahomey is a military State, founded about the commencement of the 17th century, and occu pies all the space comprised between the mouths of the Niger and the Volta and the last slopes of the Kong. Notwithstanding this important ex tent, it only contains 200,000 inhabitants, of whom 180,000 are slaves. At Dahomey the i year is di vided into equal parts. The first half s taken up with warlike operations, and the other part is de voted to fetes and public ceremonies. The war, pro- perly speaking, is nothing but a hunt after slaves made by a regular army of 12,000 soldiers, of whom 5,000 are women; but when the King leaves his capital for the wae• one-fourth part of the popu tion of his kingdom accompany him. The capital, which is called Abomey, is about eight miles in cir cumference, and surrounded by a deep ditch. There are six entrances, which are merely passages of earth constructed across the ditch. One of them is reserved for the exclusive use of the King, and the others are open to all his subjects. Over each gate are placed a number of human skulls, and in the interior of the city there is a high pyramid formed of the skulls of men and animals. The King's palace is in the centre of the city, and the houses of the inhabitants are scattered about here and there without any order. The principal fete is that called the Yqe-ah-ek-beh, or the payment of the troubadours. There are at Dahomey a cer tain number of poets of either sex, whose only oc cupation is to sing the exploits of their Sove reign, and that employment, which descends from father to son, is very lucrative. At the above fete the King publicly distributes recompenses to the troubadours according to their respective merits. All the fetes are attended by human sacrifices, which take place on a large platform erected for the pur pose, and are ornamented with banners of different colours." AMERICA. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY MORNING. The Teutonia, steamer, Captain Heneen, from New York, October 15, has arrived at Cowes, and proceedei to Hamburg. Her advices are anticipated. She brings 764,316 dols. in specie for England, 69,000 dols. for France : and 4,000 dols. for Ham burg; 39 passengers for this port ; 102 for Ham burg. On the 16th of October she passed the Ham monia, steamer, hence to New York, in lat. 40.26 N., long. 67.20 W., all well. On the 17th spoke the British ship Flora, from Genoa, bound west, in lat. 41.19, long. 63.17 ; and on the 27th spoke the British ship Eleanor, from Bombay, for Liverpool, 15 days out, in lat. 49,28, long. 11.20. Some insurances were effected at Lloyd's yester day on the bullion by the Royal Charter at 25 per cent. TIIE AMERICAN ESTIMATE OF MACMAIIONISM. —The " Committee," whoever they may be, of the MacMahon testimonial humbug, have offered a reward of £lO for a suitable design for their toy sword, with which the descendant of the murderer of " St, Thomas, of Canter bury," is to be presented. In the meantime, a New York newspaper thus gives us a clue to Brother Jonathan's opinion of this precious tom-foolery :—" Blind Toadyism —Our excellent adopted citizens, the Green Islanders have one peculiarity—they annex every man of eminence who happens to have a Mac or an oto their name. They even swear that a Mac'erel is an Irish fish; an O'Nein is an Irish vegetable. They have just discovered that the Duke of Magenta, whose name is Macmahon, Macmahony, or Make my honey, is an Irishman ; and though his fathers, grandfathers, great grandfathers, and great great grand mothers into the bargain, have been Frenchmen (Paddy says) for two hundred years so these poor infatuated Celts will have it that MacMahon is a genuine Tipperary bow trotter.„, And the result is, that these silly fellows have sub 'scribed 2,000 dollars to send to the Duke of Magenta a horse. Far better to send him a jackass—it will be cheaper, for they need not go out of their committee for a prize specimen 1" 7HE NAVY. It is expected that the vessels fitting out at Ports mouth to reinforce the squadron in China will sail for their destination about the 2d of November. The Mars, 80, screw, Captain Strange, got under weigh yesterday morning from Spithead, and stood out to the south-east, but was recalled by signal, and shortly afterwards re-anchored at Spithead. The Ringdove, 6, screw despatch vessel, Com mander Craigie, steamed out of Portsmouth Har bour yesterday to the measured mile in Stokes Bay for the purpose of testing her altered screw. On this occasion the screw had its edges or corners re moved from each side of the blades, rendering the latter parallel. On the last trial with the screw in its common form the results gave a speed to the vessel of 10385 knots, with 86 revolutions, while the results of the present trial, with a greater num ber of revolutions, gave the ship less speed, the re volutions reaching 921, while the speed of the ship was a trifle over 101 knots. The vibration, with the engines running at 921 revolutions, was greater than on a former trial ; but on reducing the number of revolutions to that made on the former occasion the vibration was about the same. At the conclu sion of the trial the Ringdove returned into the harbour to complete for sea. Her Majesty's line-of-battle steamer Irre6istable, 80, which was launched at Chatham on Thursday, is ordered to be fitted with her engines and machi nery at Sheerness. The interior of this vessel had been undergoing preparations for the reception of the machinery for some time previously to her launch, so that little time will be lost in getting her engines on board, a considerable portion of the ma chinery having already arrived from the factory. The Scylla, 21, Captain Rowley Lambert, left Gibraltar on the 18th of October, for Tangier, and on the 20th embarked Jewish families, in all 250 people, and conveyed them the same day to Gibraltar. Tangier was nearly desolate, the in habitants all leaving, as the Kabyles were ex pected to make a descant on the town ; and, if so, there would be a general massacre. Off Tangier were the Vulture, Quail, and Cadmus. At Gibraltar were the Marlborough, Conqueror, Centurion, Ed gar, Orion, Victor Emmanuel, Neptune, Scourge, James Watt, Doris, Lapwing, Wanderer, and Scylla. The screw steamship Hero, 91, bearing the flag of Rear-Admiral Elliot, the Algiers, 91, Trafalgar, 91, Aboukir, 91, and Melpomene, 51, arrived at Portland on Wednesday afternoon from the west ward. The Vulcan, screw troopship, Commander Strode, in Portsmouth Harbour, has sent down her topsail yards, an order having been received from the Ad miralty to have them fitted with Cunningham's topsails, and his patent reefing gear. The Stork, gunboat, tender to the Excellent, gunnery ship at Portsmouth, has been taken into the steam basin at that port to be fitted with one of the cupola furnaces for the filling of hollow shot with molten iron. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty :—G. B. Newton, assist.- surgeon, to the Woolwich division of Marines ; W. H. Cruise, assist.-surg., additional, to the Fisgard ; C. B. Lamb, assist.-surgeon, to the Illustrious ; J. F. Stoddart, assist.-surgeon, to the Nautilus; Alex. Wilson, acting third-class assist.-engineer, to the Royal Albert; and G. E. Foote, third-class assist.- engineer, to the Simoom as supernumerary. THE ARMY. The ceremony of decorating a private soldier be longing to the 31st Regiment, at Chatham, with a silver medal which, with a gratuity of £5, had been awarded him by order of his Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief for long and meritorious ser vice, took place at Chatham barracks yesterday afternoon, ;in the presence of the whole of the Indian depots belonging to the 2d Battalion of In fantry at that garrison, to which the 31st depot is attached. The troops having been formed on the parade-o• ' round, Private J. Woods was call e d t o th e front of the battalion, when the medal was pre sented to him by the Colonel commanding, and afterwards fastened to his breast by Capt. Roney, the Adjutant. Private Woods has been upwards of 20 years in the service, and has always borne an irreproachable character. In addition to his good conduct medal, he is decorated with four other honours for service in the field, having been pre sent in the campaign in the Sutlej, Cabul, and in the Crimea. The gratuity of £5 will be deposited for him in the regimental savings' bank until he takes his discharge. The Perseverance, screw troopship, Commander Power, will embark the following troops at Portsmouth this morning :—For Corfu-2d batta lion 2d Foot-1 officer, 51 men, 1 woman, and 3 children. 2d battalion 4th Foot-1 officer, 20 men, 2 women, and 1 child. For Malta-2d battalion 22d Foot-2 officers and 50 men. 4th battalion Rifle Brigade-10 men. For Gibraltar-3 women and 1 child. After embarking the above the Perse verance will proceed to Pembroke, where she will embark 3 officers, 1 officer's wife, and 151 men of the 2d battalion 15th Foot ; and afterwards call at Queenstown to receive 8 officers, 150 men, and 2 women, of various regiments for Gibraltar, Alalta, and Corfu. The Kerry regiment left Liverpool on Tuesday evening in two divisions—one in the Windsor, Capt. Williams, and the other in the Trafalgar. Both vessels had to withstand the terrible weather in the Channel during the entire of Tuesday night, when it was blowing a gale. Shortly after 11 on Wed nesday the Windsor arrived at the North Wall, Dublin, having on board 17 officers and 326 non commissioned officers and privates. After landing they formed on the quay and marched to the King's bridge terminus, whence they departed for the camp at the Curragh. Much apprehension was enter tained for the safety of the rest of the regiment, as the Trafalgar did not make her appearance for a considerable time after the Windsor had landed her proportion of the troops. But all fears were set at rest by this fine steamer, after having encountered the full fury of the gale, appearing in the bay at 3 o'clock, and steaming up to the point where she had to wait for the returning tide. She came along side the Ncrth Wall shortly after 7 o'clock, with 17 officers, and 280 rank and file on board. It being too late for this division of the regiment to proceed to the Curragh on Wednesday night the soldiers were marched to the Linen-hall Barracks. CHANCELLORSHIP OF EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY. EDINBURGH, FRIDAY EVENING. The General Council of the University of Edin burgh met to day, in the Music Hall, at 12 o'clock. Sir David Brewster, Principal, presided. • - - Professor Christison nominated, and Sir George Clerk seconded, the Duke of Buecleueh as Chancel lor of the University. The Solicitor-General, se conded by Dr. Alexander Wood, proposed Lord Brougham. The speaking lasted. till 2 o'clock, and the roll of 1,393 members was then called over, which occupied the meeting till nearly 5 o'clock, the doors of the hall being meanwhile strictly closed. The numbers as intimated were— • Lord Brougham — 654 Duke of Buccleuch Majority for Lord Brougham —235 The result was received with loud cheers by the supporters of Lord Brougham, and a largo crowd waited the result outside. In the evening Lord Brougham's election was celebrated by the ringing of the bells of the city churches. At 7 the Council again met to elect an assessor to the University Court. Lord Neaves, seconded by Professor Syme, proposed Sir .Tohn M'Neill ; Dr. Douglas Maclagan, seconded by Mr. Morton, pro posed Solicitor-General Maitland. The numbers were— For the Solicitor-General Sir John M'Neill Majority THE STATE OF TRADE. MANCHESTER, Oct. 28.—Various influences have affected the market favourably to day, and there has been more business doing. A telegram from Calcutta to the 29th of September has been re ceived, stating that no improvement was percep tible there, but yet there has been a great many offers for India goods, and there is an evident dis position among buyers to renew operations. One cause of this is the fear that the early frost which has shown itself here will have extended to America, and may have affected the growing cotton crop. This has already led to a large demand for cotton this week at Liverpool, where the sales have reached 87,000 bales in the six days. Another cause is no doubt to be found in the startling news from the United States, that an insurrection has broken out among the slaves. Such intelligence will necessarily create much uneasiness here, and at once send up the price of the raw material in hand. However that may be, we have more busi ness. Longcloths, T . cloths, and printers are in fair demand, and there is more inquiry for shirtings and other goods for India, so that both home con sumers and exporters are in the market at the same time, and there is an increased general demand. In yarns there has been a growing firmness in price since Tuesday. Some reather heavy business ha 3 been done in water twist for China, and the buyers of yarns for Germany are more active. The yarn market generally is more active. SLR GEORGE GREY. Yesterday afternoon a numerous and influential deputation of merchants and others interested in the trade and prosperity of the Cape of Good Hope, residing in this country, waited upon Sir George Grey, the late Governor of that colony, who is again re-appointed to the office, at Howchin's Hotel, St. James's-street, by appointment, to present to him the Address recently agreed to at the meeting at Gresham House, Broad-street. Among the gentlemen composing the deputation were Mr. J. R. Thomson, Mr. Godlonton, Mr. G. Leethorn Browne, Mr. Searight, Mr. W. Foster, Mr. R. Pormsett, Mr. Hamilton Ross, Mr. G. Bushell, Mr. P. and Mr. M. S. Vanderbyl, Cawood, Mr. Mosenthal, Mr. C. J. Busk, Mr. Saxon Mr. Henry Hobinson, and others. Mr. J. R. TllomsoN presented the address to his Excellency, which he said proceeded from a class of men in this country connected with the Cape, and most deeply interested in the progress of the colony. They desired to avail themselves of the earliest opportunity of waiting upon Sir George with an expression of their regard and gratitude for the great and important services rendered by him to the colony in his private as well as public capacity of governor of that settlement and its de pendencies. They deeply sympathised with, and entirely concurred in, the regrets so universally expressed by the colonists at his recall, and they entertained a strong hope that their petitions for his re-appointment might be granted. They were moved more deeply to cherish that hope, because , whilst they could rejoice in the confident faith that the internal improvement and progress of the colony, so much promoted during his administra tion, was henceforward guaranteed to it through the numerous excellent instititutions and important public works initiated and promoted by him, they could not profess to believe that sufficient time had been allowed so to mature and consolidate the frontier system of the colony, that its author and founder could be so suddenly removed without danger, not only to colonial but to imperial in tere:-4s. They begged him to accept their sincere congratulations to Lady Grey and himself on his safe arrival in England in the enjoyment, they trusted, of improved health, and they assured biro of their best wishes for their continued happines s wherever the future lot of his Excellency and Lady Grey might be cast. Sir GEORGE GREY said—Gentlemen, I feel very grateful to you for the warm expression of good will with which you have welcomed Lady Grey and myself, upon our arrival in England. The gratification I felt at the manner in which, my services at the Cape of Good Hope hed been appreciated by so many persons resident in that colony was to me a rich reward for any exertions I had been able to make to promote its welfare. That gratification, how" ever, is now much heightened by my finding, from your address, in how favourable a light those set' vices have been viewed by many in this country. In reference to the wishes you have expressed that I may be able to resume the government of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope, I may state that the Duke of Newcastle, shortly after assuming the duties of Secretary of State for the Colonial Depart ment, decided upon not carrying out my contenr plated immediate removal from the office of Go' vernor. His Grace wrote to me, notifying this his intention entirely of his own accord, without any solicitation to that effect having been made to him by myself or, in as far as I am aware, b y any other person whatever. But• his Grace 't l letter did not reach the colony until I had quitted it. I had originally felt sensibly the distinctio n of being selected by him for so difficult a pogo" tion as that of the G ov er nor o f th e Cape of Go" Hope ; but now I f ee l s till more grateful for the promptitude with which he has wished to retai. ll , me in that office. If, th en , c i rcums t ances permit of my shortly returning to the Cape of Good flope , to the ordinary incentives to fulfil my duty to her Majesty, which are in themselves strong e nough; I shall now have added a sense of the necessity of justifying the Duke of Newcastle in the favour" able estimate he has formed of the value of 1 11 1 services, and yourselves, and the colonists, in th e estimate which you have formed of my past eO l.- lions. It will be very difficult to do this successful l y after the expectations which the kindness of your selves and others has created. I can only 1 1 °1 3 1 that strength may be given me to a ccom plish it, 1 I strive earnestly, as I will do, to perform my del to a colony, the interests of which I have now fo r several years exerted myself to the utmost t o advance. (Hear, hear.) Mr. LATIIAM BROWNE said it was extremely gratifying to the deputation to learn from Si r George that there was a prospect of his returning to the colony, the news of which would be carried out by the next mail, which would leave in a day or two. He asked when the deputation would know officially that Sir George meant to return. Sir GEORGE GREY ssid, so far as the matter could be arranged, he considered - it settled nes; (Cheers.) He could truly say that to be separated from so many projects that were going on in the colony had been extremely painful to him. Wh at fright . - 3ned him now most were the expectatio ns which the kindness of the deputation induced theta to entertain. The deputation then took leave of his Excellency' with whose cordial reception they were much gil t " tified. ANOTHER STORY OF A SCOTTISH BANK. A bill of complaint has just been filed by a ahr a t holder in the Edinburgh and Glasgow Bank agate the chairman and joint m anagers . Th e Times C ,„ ul Article gives the following account : From February, 1850, to 1858, Mr. John Call el d l constantly purchased shares in the Edinburgh an Glasgow Bank, on the strength, as he avers, of the reports submitted at each meeting, until his holding' amounted to about £6,000, o f w hi c h sum he ne.,h claims restitution from th ose w h om h e c h arge s with having squandered it. Th e b an k had offices 1a Edinburgh and Glasgow, with directors in eae7 city ; its capital was £1,000 , 000 , i n £5 s h are s, ar the usual provisions, t o w hi c h some persons , wh o , fancy that honesty can b e secure d b y an abundant complication of legal restraints, attach so much ie l : portance, were made to prevent improper advance° to the directors or others, and to compel the vvindi ll ,o up of the bank on th e l oss of one-fourth of t h e c ape' tal. But it is alleged that in 1850, when the repel." announced " a large and steadily increasing W e : ness," and recommended an annual dividend of 6 per w': cent., free of i ncome tax, t h ere was an over dra sum of £737,001, w hi c h h a d b een rece i ve d by nin e persons or firms, none of- whom could meet that* engagements. Two of these, who were indebted te . the bank £290,099, h a d ac t ua ll y passe d i n t o inse' vency prior to the date of this meeting, yet the amount proposed to be written off for bad debt/ was £11,457, "leaving a rese rve f un d o f £106,140.' Durinc , each successive ye ar th e ru i n b ecame greatsrf but the e reports, ev en w h en t h ey confesse d pa rti . a,. losses, always stat e d th at they were such as reig n ! easily be retri eve d, an d that the current busine,s: was most exten s i ve safe, and profitable. When th e shares decli ne d the ' bank made large purchases, an d these constantly figured in each balance-sheet 0 7, good assets, under the head of " stock investment g _ . _ On one occasi on , when a shareholder wrote to the secretary, intimating his intention to point out a t a general meeting a false s t a t emen t i n the repo r t , the bank sent their law agent to him to purchas7 the whole of his shares at par, an d th us t o prevell''• his attendance. Throughout the whole of thl e time the bank was in debt to its London agent* and was kept alive solely by a wholesale system of re-discounting. Yet in February, 1 858 ' —only four months before the final stoppag e —when an acknowledgment of some heavy losses had become unavoidable, and it was deemed exP, e ,... client be to recomm en d th a t th e £5 s h ares s h ou ld reduced to £2 10s. each, this necessity was attri buted only to the discovery of old-standing deg" cieneies, and it was announced that under the pre; posed arrangement the bank would be in a "sound and satisfactory condition," that the business for the past year had been " most profitable and satin factory ; and that, although a dividend of only tisi per cent, was recommended, a considerably larg i er e distribution mi g ht h ave b een f a i r l y declared. -t" the same time, the chairman, Sir W. Johnston, re' commended the shareholders not to sell their shares , but to buy more, and concluded with the assurance , "We have revealed everything; we have made a clean breast of it," or words to that effect. Three months later there was renewe d alarm, and the shares again began to f a ll rap idl y, when the bans. sent out a circular assuring holders th a t th e re vial no ground for it, that everything was in a sound position, and that nothing was required but the cordial support of the parties interested to secure "continued" prosperity. This caused a rise, but it was only temporary, and in the course of about nine weeks the bank had ceased to exist. On the 21st of June, 1858, the chairman reported that they ba d been compelled to make an agreement under which their affairs would be wound up by the Clydesdale Banking Company, and the shareholders have since learned that the whole of the assets have been at sorbed, and that there will be no return to them of any sum whatever. • LEATHER LEGGINGS FOR SOLDIERS.—WO ar e . confidently assured that no official ord er h as y e t b ee n issued upon this subject, and that when it does, it will not hays for its. object the employment of animal hides, now scarce and dear enough, but, in all probability th a t a dmirable substitute, " vegetable leather," the discovery of the Messr s ' Spills, the well-known army contractors of Stepney.-- United /Service Gazette. I =_F: