The Sun. — London, England, 1858-08-19 00:00:00

MEW ~j ~> e_ • - c-` -- ' : ..........,........,:_; - - 411 1 - 61h,'N : : ........;): ' I it, . 4:l4i p . cau • Ar 4.e . , v. , ~:`,." ..- •!,,, " IA , --. , - ''^ - .7.: •-- ":--'-' l i r -.•- ../N. k\-9*".H,---7, ‘ANlti(4l'' ...„...,--„___ 0 4 .. --- ..-----;":" - r - a — A '?olirmi" ' ` - e lPi b-litiiT • • -'7 l ` , c-- -- .., , ,„-z - ,---- ~,..1 ..2 . _ 47 ( c 'Yc. - ,4t., bil; (7.-- - , -14-1.114,,:, ~ -1 'we _ _.., ,8„ ~., -,.. F __. ,, ,N , .... .. . , - 4I , •••• • ,•'' • 411 . CIREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. T JERSEY and GUERNSEY, via wEniouni.—UETURN TICKETS for One Month are now i,.stnA at Vaddington.—Fares: 4ts. anti 355. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. FAMILY TICKETS to ICEYMOUTII, for periods vi , rsing from a Fortnight to Three Months, are now issued at Paddington, at greatly Reduced Fares LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 19, 1858. ._nREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. ‘../4 FAMILY TICKETS to NIRBERTII-ROAD (for Teuby) and MILFORD lIA.VEN, for One Month, are nosy issued at Ps.loinzton, to parties of not less than three persons.; irsres (each person): Us. and Iss. PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD. No. 20,642. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. KILLARNEY and SOITTII of IREUND, via M'lford Haven And Waterford.—RETUßN TICKETS for One Month are now issued at Paddington.—Fares : 1059. and 80s.. PUBLICATIONS. LUi.VA7IC ASYLUMS and the LUNACY LA WS. MR. TIIORNBITRY'S NEW NOVEL. Just ready, in 3 vols., f'l RAT WESTERN RAILWAY. NORTH WALTIS.—TOURISTS"PICKETS to CHESTER, CAP • —ARVON, LLANGOLLEN, BALA, &e., for One Month, aro now issued at Paddington.—Fares (rail and coach) : 70s. and .. Ei VERY MAN his own TRUMPETER. By G. W. TIIORNBURY. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to *Henry Colburn, 13 Great Marlborough-street. Orders received at all the Libraries. . . ..GREA.T WESTERN RAILWAY. ISLE of MAN, BANGOR, BEAIDIARIS, and LANDUDNO. RETURN TICKETS for One Month are now issued at PadeingLon. -Fares (rail and boat): 70s. and :,os. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. SOUTII WALES. TOURISTS' TICKETS to MILFORD lIAVEN, available for Narberth - road (for Tenhy), Carmarthen, Swansea, Neath, Chepstow, Bze., for One Month, are now issued at Paddington.—Tarel: 70s. and 508. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. FAMILY TICKETS to DAWLISII, TEIGNMOUTII, or TOP • QUAY, for One Month, are now issued at Paldington, to parties of not less than three persons.—Fares (each pessenger): 50s. and 355.. TREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. EXCURSION to BATII nd BRISTOL. on SUNDAY, Aug. t , from Paddinltton, at 7.45 a.m., returning the same evening, from Bristol at 6.30 p m., and Bath at 7 p.m. Fares—Bristol, I , ls. and is.; .Bath, 12s. and 6.5. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. EXCURSION to Cirencester, Stroud, Gloucester, Cheltenham, Ross, and Hereford, from Paddington, on SATURDAY, August 21, at 6 p.m., returning from Ile - eford on Monday, August 23, at 5.30 .14in., and intermediate stations as per handbills. Pares, there and back—Stroud and Cirencester, 12s. and Cs.; Gloucester and Cholten- Ilam, 14e. and 7s • Ross and Hereford, 16s. and Ss. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. 011E11' EXCURSION to Oxford, Banbury, Leamington. 'Warwick, Birmingham, Wolverhampton, Shrewsbury, Llangollen itoad, Chester, Birkenhead, Liverpool, &c., from Paddington, on lIONDAY, August 23, at 7 a.m., returning on Saturday, the 28 th , from Liverpool (Landing Stage) at 8.30 a.m., and intermediatla stations as per handbills. Fares—Oxford, 6s. Gd. and Is.; BanburA S. and ss. ; Leamington or Warwick, 10s. 63. and 65.; Birmingham', 12s. and 7a.; Westbromwich, Wednesbury, or llilston, 12s. Gd. and 75 . 6d.; Wolverhampton, 13s. and Ss.; Wellington or Shrews bur y , 1 73. and 10s.; Llangollen Road or Chester, 18s. sa. and 11s.; Birkenhead or Liverpool, 21s. and 12s. 6d. Cb;ifiren under Twelve, Half -fares. MR. and MRS. GERMAN REED'S NEW ENTERTAINMENT.— LAST WEEK BUT ONE. Introduc tion • of your Original Characters and Songs. E ver y evening except r aturday, at s. Saturday afternoon at 3.—Admission Is., 25., and 38 - Stalls secured, without extra charge, at the Royal Gallery or Illustration, It, Regent-street, and at Cramer, Beale, and Co.'s 201 , Regent-street. The Ga ller y to be LET during Mr. and Mrs. ~.need's Provincial Tour. Application to be made, by letter only, to Ir. J. U. Filkin. I3R. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 3, TICHBOURNE-STREET (Opposite the Haymarket), Open daily (for Gentlemen only). LECTURES by Dr. SEXTON at Four and Eight o'clock, on im tenant and interesting topics in connection with ANITOM Y, aItSIOLOGY, and PA.TROLOGY (vide Programmes). Admission ONE SIIILLiNG. bR , . 'KAHN'S NINE LECTURES ON THE PHILOSOPH Y OF — A RRIAGE, &c.. sent post free, direct from the Author, on the -receipt of twelve stamps. w. T.'.ITALLETT EVERY EVENING. LHAMBRA PALACE, Leicester-square. :Li. Lessees, Messrs. Howes and Cushing.—(The best ventilated ' ll4 coolest Building in Europe).—Will be represented at each performance General Havelock's Triumphant Entry into Lucknow, iu connection with WALLETT'S Celebrated CIRCUS COMPANY. E xtraordinary and Brilliant Success of the unrivalled Troupe of E questrian and Gymnastic Artistes, and SPLENDID STUD of 101 ISES. Two Performances daily. Mid-day Entertainment at half-past 2 ; Evening at S o'clock. Private boxes, £2 ; stalls, 55.; re served seats, Ss.; boxes, 25.; pit, Is.; gallery, CA. Box - office open r rein 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. No fees for booking places. Children Under 0 years of age, half-price. ROYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL. Open, wet or dry, EVERY EVENING, from Monday till Friday, , 7 o'clock (the entertainments commencing at half-past 7). On Saturdays at I, for promenade (the entertainments commencing at °). Admission, ls.• children, Ad. Open on Sundays for promena de, at 5. Admission (by refreshment ticket), 6d. Vocal and instill- I llental concerts by unrivalled corps ; musical director, Mr. Phillips ; epriducter of the military band, Mr. Dean, nearly 100 performers; - vocal. conductor, Mr. Ru,sell Grover, assisted by Mrs. Lawrence, Mr. Corgi, Master Haydn Corgi, Mr. Chas. Sloman, and other popular favourites. The Cirque Imperial, exhibiting unrivalled feats of korsernanshhip—two clowns. Illuminations and fireworks upon the grandest scale, surpassing every other exhibition in the metro- Delis. Dancing on the leviathan platform at 9, and after the fire works. On Saturday afternoon the bands will perfo-m at intervals. • maypole dance and other performances will be given on the ballet stage, and country and other dances on the leviathan plat eby Chapino's troupe. OYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL. BY APPOINTMENT, BIRCEPS OMNIBUSES EVERY EVES JA G run to and from the Resent-circus, Piccadilly, and the Royal Gardena, Vauxhall, every half-hour from 7 o'clock p.m. to 1 o'clock a.m. CONTRACT FOR LEMON JUICE BOTTLES. Department of the Comptroller for Victualling and Trans port Services, Somerset-horse, 17th Aug., 1838. THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING the OFFICE of LORD HIGH AD of the 'UNITED KINGDOM of can ti BRITAIN ilia Inur A.ND, DO lIVI,WHY GIVE NOTICE, That on THURSDAY. the 2d September neat, at Half-past 1 o'clock, they will be READY to TREAT with such per !ens as may be willing to CONTRACT for SUPPLYING and Deliver leg into her Majesty's Victuall•ng Stores at DEPTFORD, No. LESION JUICE BOTTLES, 20,000. When to be delivered.—ln two months from the date of ac ceptance, or earlier if preferred by the party tendering. Tenders may be made for the whole or any portion of the bottles Their lordships reserve to themselves the power, when the ten- Revs are opened, of contracting either for the whole, or for such Part thereof only as they may deem fit, or for a greater quantity, er of not contracting for any, and also an unl i m i ted power of lec se tion. A sample bottle may be seen at the said office. No tender will to received unless made on the printed form pro vided for the purpose, and which may be obteined on application al the said office, :or to Commander Goldfinch, conducting the Neket Service at Liverpool, or to the collector of Customs at The conditions of the revised contracts, to which parti crier at tention is caged, may be seen at the said office, and at Liverpool and Bristol No tender will be received a;ler half-past one o'clock on the day of treaty, and it will not be required that the party tendering, or a n agent on his behalf, should attend at the office on the day of contract, es the result of the offer received from each person will be communicated to him and his proposed stiretie - , in N 1 ritieg. Every tender must bo addressed to the B - .cretary of the Admi ralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words "Ter der for 'ninon Juice Bottles," and must also be delivered at Bomerset house. THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE.- It is only a short time since this singularly efficacious article at animal diet first made its appearance ; and already its celebi:ty worldwide. It has been a subject of wonder, and has puzzled many a brain to explain how this has been brought about. Yet , we are acquainted with a few facts concerning the food, our Wonder willeease. A few days since, a gentleman wrote, stating that he had a hose which was a " perfect bag of bones." lie tiled 11 11 kinds of things to get the animal into condition, but in vain. 110 then bought some of Thorley's food; and he says the effect was Wonderful. The horn rapidly grew fat, and In the course of a few Weeks had gained no less than 12 stones. Again we find at the late agricultural show at Birmingham, Cardiff, &c., the animals which carried off the highest prizes had been partly fed with Thorley's food for cattle. Such facts speak for themselves, and we are forced to the couclusion that its celebrity arises solely from its own in trinsic merits, and the great demand for it can proceed alone from the good opinion and testimony of those who have , tried it. All Parties, interested in horses and cattle will do we to apply to 77, Newgatp-street, London, for a pamphlet which is sent post-free. rro THE NERVOUS AND DEBILITATED. A_ CHARLES WATSON, M.D., Follow and Honorary Vice-Presi dent of the Imperial African Institute of France, Correa. Member of the Medical Societies of Rouen and Peru, &c., and Resident Phy sician to the Bedford Dispensary, 27, Alfred-place, Bedford-square, Laudon, continues to issuo, on receipt of six stamps, "THE GUIDE To SELF-CURE." Watson's about entering the Marriage Stat e should peruse Dr. w invaluable little work, as the advice he gives on health And disease reflects much credit upon hint as a sound medical phi losopher." —Critic. "Tho true Guide to those who desire a speedy and private cure." • -- University Magazine. The ' NEW AMERICAN DISCOVERY' demonstrates the absur dity of the English mode of treating such complaints, will rrove a blessing to the afflicted, who may safely and easily regain pristine health by adopting the means presented."—Esening Sun. For Qualification, vide "Diplomas?, and the "London Medical Directory." NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OMER MEDICINE, Indigestion (Dyspeps(a), Constipation, Flatulency, Phlegm, Ner vousness, "Bilibusness, Liver Complaints, Hysteria, Neuralgia, Sleeplessness, 'Acidity, Palpitation. Heartburn, Eruptions, Irn lirities, Irritability, Low Spiritii, Diarrhoea, Hemorrhoids, Headache, Debility, DespondeneY, Cramps, Spasms, Nausea, and Sickness (during pregnancy or at sea), Sinking Fits, Cough, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption, also Children's Complaints "effectually removed by U BARRY'S delicious Health-Restoring REVALENTA ARABICA. FOOD, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies in illness, and is, moreover, the best food tor infants and invalids generally, as it is the only food which never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, bat imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of grati tude from invalids:—Care No. '7l, of dyspepsia, from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Deeies—" I have derived enesidezable benefit from Du Barry's Reialenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to Yourselves and the public to authorise the publication of these flues. Stuart de Decies."—Cure No. 49,332. " Fifty years' inde scribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, con stipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomit ing, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food. Maria Jolly, 'Wcrtham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." Cure No. 47,121. Miss Eliz:- both Jacobs, of nixing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Huts, a cure of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and ner vous fancies.—Cure No. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateaere, near Liverpool: a cure of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritaMlity. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of con stipation, dyspepsia, nervous irritability. Cure No. 31,210. Dr. Sherland, of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. Captain Allan, of epileptic fits. Cure No. 42,116. Major Edie, of enlargement of the liver and total prostration of strength. Cure No. 36,418. Rev. Dr, Minster, of cramps, spasms, and daily vomitings, Cure No. '26,118. Dr. Harvey, of diarrbsea and debility. Cure No. 39,623. Dr "Musser, of consumption. Cure N 0.32,530. Wro.lltint.Esg. barrister of paralysis. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, wood mexnbvnt Fernley, of thirty years' diseased lungs, ,s,4it4srr of blend liver derangement, partial deafness. Cure N0:58,61C. Mrs. Holm aged 107 years, of dyspepsia (indigestion) debility, irritability, and nervousness, .which had tormeuted her for 70 years. Cure No 46,814, Mr. Samuel Lesion, Leicester, Of two years' d Cure No. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of Castle,stuart. of inrrhoos. many Years' nervous irritability, bile, 8.114 indigestion. Cure No. 51,812. Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of ConstMletion, after me dical advisers had abandoned all hopes of recovery. Cure No. 160. Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, indigestion, and debility, from which I have suffered great misery, and which uo medicine could remove or relieve, have becu effectually cured by Du Barry's Food ia a very short time. W. B. Reeves, 131 , Fleet-street, London." NO. 4,203, " Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, deblliiy, with cramps, Plsazn.3, and rairea, for which my servant had consulted theadv iee of mat s, fre ete ally enred tes-D a Barry's heslth-restoi log Food. I shall 1)3" happy to answer ituy W. Flavell, Riddlington Rectory, Norfolk." No. "'three years' excessive nervousness, with pains.. 11 my neck and left arm, and general debilay, which remit red . my life very miserable, Lae been rtelieslly removed by Du Barry's health restoring Food. Alex. Stuart, Areluleacou of Ross, V.kibbereen." Cure No. 3,908. " Thirteen years' cough, indigestion , and general ,lebility have been removed by Da Earn's excellent Revaleuta Ambles. Food. &mass Porter, Athol-street, Perth." Important Caution egalast the fearful dangers of spurious knits- UOll3 : The Vice-chancellor Sir William Page Wood granted an injunc tion on the 10th March, 1054, against Alfred Hooper .Nerille, for imitating "flu Barry's Itevalenta Arabica, rood." Suitably packed ff.n.7 all climates. and , 5 - 11,11,a1l inatruetions. In enniqers, 11b 2s 1/d ; 21b 4s 6d ; 121 b 225._ Sin, rh.r rctiaed 0814, lib 6,?; lis; 225; 101 b 335. • The 101 b nn ~lutfllt~;y, 'Aare forwa r ded carri.ige free, on receipt of ling.-of:nee order.. and Co., 77, Itegent - stree t, London ; Fortnum, Mason , and C o., pur veyors to ber- MajestY: 109 : P4'oldilin dames Well, 413. Sloane street ; also at 60, Gracech ureh-street ; 330, 430, and - 01; Strand; 94 , Cheapside ; and 60, Ullopegate-street ; 63, 150, all 4 19e, ox forCl-street, ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE, INCA PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENT:3 TO MARRIAGE. Now end improved Edition, enlarged to 190 pages, illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, put published, price, free by post, la, THE SILENT FRIEND : A Medical Work on the physical exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the effects of solitary indulgence, infection, and the injurious conse quences from the use of Mercury: with observations on the obli gations of marriage, and directions for obviating certain disquali fications. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., Surgeons. Consultations as usual (see page 197.) Sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Pater noster-row; Sanger, 160, Oxford-street; and Gordon, 146, Leaden hall-street, London. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUII is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely bal samic: its power in reinvigorating the frame in all cases of ner vous and sexual debility, obstinate gleets, impotency, barrenness, and debilities arising from venereal excesses, has been demon strated by its unvarying success in thousands of cases. Price lls per bottle, or four quantities in one for 335., which saves lls. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphili tic remedy, for purifying the system, and is recommended for any of the varied forms of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the skin, blotches on the head and face, enlargements of the throat, tonsils, and uvula; threatened destruction of the nose, palate, &c. Its action is purely detersive, and its beneficial influence on the system is undeniable. Price lls. and 335. per bottle, also a saving of 11s. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS constitute an effectual remedy in either sex for all cases of gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and Ils. per box. Sold by Daniel Church, 78, Graceehurch-street, City ; Bartley- Hooper, 43, Bing William-street (four doors fr London bridge) ; G. F. Watts, 17, Strand; W. Sutton and 0, Bow-churchyard; W. Edwards, 67, St. Paul's-churchyard • C0., 1. Sanger, 150, Oxford street; Hannay and Dietrichsen, 63, dxford-strect ; Butler and Harding, 4, Cheapside ; Prout and Harsant, 229, Strand ; and all medical vendors throughout the United Kingdom. THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. Just published, price ls., post free, in an Envelope, for 13 stamps, SELF-PRESERVATION : A Medical Treatise on the Functions and Disorders of the Generative System v i de a , n o h u o s o h a t , habits th acqui re practical o during bse r t v h a e ti e o ri n s tic o a n t fromp th a e ss P ag heysi olYouthPhy siology m to ar rine in its social, moral, and physical relations. To which are added, remarks on the wonders of the Microscope in revealiug the hidden mysteries of " Life within Life," and its advanta. es in de tecting, by urinary examination, the cause and effect of every variety of these complaints, with numerous engravings and cases. BY SAMUEL LA.'MERT, M.D., 37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &c. The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fearful con sequences resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses, which have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Man liced, and premature decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any other class of disease known to modern pathologists. Its perusal is particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their phi geel condition, and who are Conscious of having h azar d e d the health, happiness, and privileges to which every human being is entitled. It Is absolutely necessary that all men should know that there arc principles of personal management which cannot be violated without incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulgence, how those pe nalties may bo mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may he avoided, , and, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infir mity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row, and may be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill; Horne, 19, Leicester-uare ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; or from the author, who - s ay be consulted daily, from 11 till 2, and from 6 till 8, at his residence, 87, Bedford-square, London. The work may be had in India, of Mr. Von Litzky, Loll Bazaar, Calcutta —Melsrs. C. and J. Hormusjec, Apollo-street, Bombay— Circulator Office, Madras—Mofussilite Office, Agra_Dodsworth Colombo, Ceylon ; and of all 13°0h-sellers throughout the Colonies. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—SIGIIT AND R EA . R ING.—S RPEC TACLES.— POWERFUL TELESCOPES— OPERA, ACE, AND PERSPECTIVE GLASSES.—S. and 13. Solowons, opti cians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite the York Hotel, W. By her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Race-sQUrse, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, to know the distances. These Telescopes possess such extraordinary power that some, three eq., a half inches, with an extrmye-piece, Will show dist-Welly Jupiter's moons, Saturn's rings, and the double stlgs. ; with the same telescope can be seen a person's countenance three end a' half miles distant, and an object front 16 to 20 miles. Fur the waistcoat pocket, and are of mltl all sizes, with increasing powers accordingly. flee P.oyal Exhibition, 1851.—A valuable, newly-invented, very small, powerful, Waistcoat-pocket Glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be eeen and known one and a half wile distant. They answer every purpose on the Race course and at the Opera-k.nses. Country scenery and chips are clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles. They are invaluable fix shooting, deer-stalking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentle men, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera, Camp, Per spective, and Race-course Glasses, with wonderful powers. —lnvaluable preserving Spectacle enses of the greatest transparent poser. The -t r =,adv-anlege derived talied becomes preserved f r ern i ,, n is, that visio and strengthewi em. tee use.t's rnnbli - {1 tr era ploy their sight at the must retinae caewltuu—can see with vh ,, s , l en ses of a much leas magnifying powe . !---and they do not rE re the frequent cltaages to the dangerous effects of furl t rowa f t il ae4ntutc . c. - peTsous can be suit e d at the - mo*L remote part ht. r- • ding - one of the glasses tof their speet c! , in aIL d stating the distan ce from the eye they_lin read ,ri t a t - with it, and those who . have not Made pse of specteel4 - by stating their age. atar, small, newly-invented instrument Deafness.—NewlTh co very.—Tlie Organic Vibrator, an ex traordinarily pow' for .riea Ines., entirely different from all others, surpa ss i ng aniftli.eg of the kind tiextjtas bee n, or p ro b abl y can be pro drrtx di of ih , sau je , eitleur as the skin,. is not percep 'hies deaf yer eems to liter distinctly at c h urc h and at public ass e s; the unpleasant sensation of singing noises in the- ears is eairely rewoied, anditaffords all the assistance that possibly could be daired.--39.—Albernarie. street, PiceAdilly—Oppoite the Yeik 1106 W. (BY A PHYSICIAN.) More than one recent event having directed public atten tion to the state of lunatic asylums and the laws which regulate the care and treatment of the insane, arousing a more than usual interest in these questions, and Mr. 'rite having signified his intention of making them the special object of a Parliamentary inquiry in the next session, a few observations upon them at the present time may not be in opportene, as the public at large are but very imperfectly acquainted with these matters. Lunatic asylums in this country may be classified under four heads:-- 1. The Public Asylums for the pauper patients of coun ties and boroughs, maintained out of the county and borough rates, and governed by committees of visitors selected from the magistracy of their respective districts. — These are for the most part well conducted,admirable institu tions,and,with few exceptions,if not all that might be deired, are all that could be expected with due regard to the public purse. Some of the older ones are, however, defective in their construction to• an extent materially obstructive to their usefulness. In some an unwise parsimony is practised, both as regards the numbers and t he salaries of their officials; in others extravagant outlay has been incurred by super fluous ornament and architectural embellishment, pleasing, no doubt, in itself, and not without a beneficial influence upon the inmates, but yet offering advantages in no way commensurate with the cost, absorbing funds which might be much more usefully employed. In a few the medical officers are crippled in the discharge of their duties by being associated with non-professional superintendents; in some there are no assistant medical officers where they are im peratively required; and in many the energies of their officials are overtaxed, or improperly cramped and interfered with by the committee, and nearly all are deficient in land. Instead of from 30 to 100 acres of land, there should be from 200 to 300 acres, or even root, wecording to the size cf the institution, some regard being bind to the prevailing occupations of the population from which the inmates are derived, though farm and garden labour are most beneficial to the health both of the body and mind, even of those pre viously unaccustomed to it. Moreover a good farm is sure to pay, and its profits materially diminish the cost of main • tenance ' while the benefit from but a few acres of ground is scarcely felt. It would be beater, to take a farm at some little distance, if sufficient land could not be procured imme diately adjoining the building, than that the asylum should forego the advantages accruing from rt. Some of these establishments are much too lake for efficient management, and more of them are required. V_Atere will not be sufficient until accommodation is provided in Such asylums for every pauper lunatic in the kingdom, and N i p law ought to pro hibit the farming out of pauper lunatics to any private par ties for profit; they should not be placed in any licensed house, as a private asylum is termed. The treatment of lu nacy is, under any circumstances, expensive, and it is unfair to the public that more should be expended upon the pauper lunatic than his case requires, while on the other hand justice to the patient demands that all-that is requisite should be done for him. A system, thfefore, which leaves a margin for the profit of a third party must either prey upon the pockets of the ratepayers or defraud the pauper patient of his rights. The main object of this paper being to comment upon the condition of licensed houses and pri vate patients, I must not linger here, however inviting, but pass on to the other classes of asylums. But, whatever the character of the institution may be, it should ever be remem bered that lunatic asylums are not mere plaCes of detention of safe custody, but hospitals for the cure and alleviation of mental disease, and that however important an object it may be to prevent patients from doing iujury to themselves pr others, either as regards persons or property, the first con= sideration is or ought to be the cure or amelioration of the malady, or at least a diminution of the suffering and au im provement in the condition of the patient, and these im portant ends, it is well known, can be best attained within an establishment specially adapted for the purpose, and under the care of persons who have made this class f dis eases their peculiar study; and still more should it not be forgotten that the earlier iusanity is brought under treatment the more successful is that treatment likely to prove. Let, then, the public cease to consider lunaticlsylums as places of incarceration, btv. view them in the light of hospi tals for the treatru;". Etf a special class of diseases. As we have hospitals o consuniptio - -t and diseases of the chest; hospitals ler ca;acer ; hospitals for club-foot; hos pitals for the diseases of women and children, and lying-in hospitals ; so are, or ought, lunatic asylums to be hospitals for diseases of the brain. Many pauper lu natics are still detained in Union workhouses, places totally unfit fur them. The provision for pauper lunatics will not be complete until every one of them can be accommodated in a proper public asylum. 2. The Lunatic Hospitals.-=-These are public institutions fur patients not paupers, ranging from the bumble artisan to persons of wealth, rank, and station. Some are purely charitable institutions, supported solely by endowments, donations, and subscriptions; others are partly supported by these means, and partly by payments for the patients, either from their own estates, or by their friends; while a few of them are almost entirely self-supporting, the scanty subscriptions and endowments making but a small propor tion of tkeir whole income, the bulk of it arising from the Payments made on behalf f the patients ; the profits derived from the more wealthy ones malting up for do dofioioneoa of the more needy; some receive only recent and appa rently curable cases, and discharge them after 12 months' treatment should they not recover within that time. These es:ablislunents are under the management of boards of go vernors, composed of persons acting as trustees for certain funds; various officials, such as mayors aldermen, magis trates, clergy holding particular benefices, Ste., with do nors and subscribers to a fixed amount. They are, gene . rally speaking, well conducted institutions, and it Cetild be wished that there were many more of them. There are some of them, however, which would admit of great improve ment, and others are labouring under the great disadvantage of buildines ill-adapted to their purposes, and placed upon most undesirable sites in the purlieus of crowded cities and in the midst of a close and numerous population. A lunatic asylum ought to be situated in an uucontatninated atrno sphere—to have an abundant supply of pure water, to com mand a cheerful prospect, and to have a sufficiency of land attached to afield gardening and agricultural employment to a considerable number of its inmates, and pleasing well cared-for grounds for outdoor exercise and recreation, re moved from the busy hum of the great city and free from ire gaze of a curious public. lam pleaseg to find by their last report that the Commissioners in Lunacy are advocating an extension of lunatic hospitals; it is, indeed, desirable that the suffering tradesman, the poor governess, the gentlewo man or gentleman in straitened circumstances, the members of learned professions, and many others who by the loss of their intellect have been deprived of their only means of maintenance, could receive that treatment they require, as well as protection and solace in their affliction, which can now only be procured at a cost beyond their means, or by crushing but dens upon their families and friends, or by sink ing to the po•ition of a pauper dependent upon the public rates. Were public opinion ripe for such a change, these kind of establishment, :night, with advantage to the Intel ests of the lunatic and humanity, supersede the present private asylums or 'incensed houses, modified, of coure, to meet the require ments of their inmates,,and, as ad vanciug science and expe rience dictate, they could soon be made self-supporting, though to start and build them would doubtless require some extran , ous aid, in shape, perhaps, of loans guaranteed on the seen sty of the public purse, the repayment of which might be spread over such a period that out of the annual income a Sinking fund could be established available for the purpose. The number of these buildings required could be readily calculated, and to decide upon their respective po sitions would be no great difficulty tilt those acquainted with the statistics of insanity. One great objection urged against the abolition of private asylums is, that it would be an un warrantable interference with the liberty of the subject that the ft lends of lunaics should not be slowed to select the persons uuder whose care their afflicted relatives should be pieced, and the situation of their residence. This might be in a measure obviated by allowing them to schoose which of these establishments they would send them to, and the per mis4cia of free access to the patient of such authorised medical practitioners as his friends might desire. Tne ac commodation could be adapted and the payments adjusted so as to meet the more modest requirements of the humble, or the luxuries, elegancies, and refinements of the wealthy. Of course, the labourer is worthy of his hire, and profes sional skill, care, and attention ought to be adequately paid for, as also work and labour done • but I do maintain that justice does, and law should, forbid it should be the pe cuniary interest of any one to deprive a fellow-creature of his liberty, or make a cotnmerclal speculation of the direst calamity that can befall mankind. 3. The General Lunatic Hospitals, or Asylum?.—These are of a mixed character, and combine the features of the two preceding institutions, being both county asylums for paupers and lunatic hospitals fur private patients. There are not many of them now, and they are gradually merging into one or other of the before-mentioned forms by separat ing the lunatic hospital for private patients from the county lunatic asylum; and it is to be hoped that shortly these mixed establishments will have ceased to exist, for it is not desirable to associate under the same rosf the pauper and the private patient, even though they may not meet or see each other. It Is galling to the feelings and destructive of c r n t , h riv e me s el e ,re l s f r - sa r ,s e y s tri p ou e rs c et t n takedo e t r the tpso trtueur impossiblec, while of for e ot rh t e h t eh timeef m o r m toof e r p , tah f y r e o trn m h ea t dt i t ac e ta i i tention to the private patients which they hate a right to require from theta, and which is expected at their hands; without neglecting their other duties. May not this state of things in a measure account for the occurrences at the Northamptom General Lunatic Hospital, animadverted on by . the Commissionees in Lunacy in their recent report? Criminal lunatics are at present placed in all c la ss es of asyl i ttins, but as they are shortly to be provid e d f o r sepa rarelyin a State establishment, I do n o t f ee l it necessary to referfurther to them than to exprees satisfaction at this step having been at last taken. Better late than never. 4. The Private Luoatic Asylums, or Licensed Houses. — It is in these establishments that the majority, of the insane of the middle and upper classes of society arc placed for care and treatment. They are, strictly Speaking, commercial speculations, uniting in character the lodging-house with professional skill and attention, as in a pinto hospital or sanitarium, the proprietors being licensed to conduct them in the metropolitan district by the Commissioners in Lunacy and in the provinces by the magistrates in quarter sessions. The higher orders of theie institutions are admirably con ducted, and many cf the proprietors evince a liberality and zeal in their management which are highly creditable to them and most satisfactory in the results as regards the recovery, itn eineat' asa it comfort of their patients: Others cann o t be favourably spoken of = and seme.are deserving of severe p s r e v,' reprobation; but it must be obvious to all, if these private establishments for the insane are to be permitted, it requires pers on applying for a licence of this kind is fitted no little discri m i n ation and laborious investigation to ascer tain if a be ittttus el rsi!ti so g:cat'a rtspor slbility as rte pet; et over the liberty and persons of these committed to his care, more especially when their requirements may clash with his own interests and feelings, pecuniary or otherwise. Now, it may be unhesitatingly asserted that many of the abuses of private asylums arise from the proprietors being persons un fitted to be trusted with such power and responsibility. It is easier to say what he ought not to be than to ascertain that he is what he should be. He ought not to be a needy person, and before he receives a licence it sh ould be ascer tained question tbat he has an ample capital, that even if the speculation fails in a commercial point-of view, the helpless beings consigned to his charge should not suffer thereby. Ile should not only, in the first place, prove to the constituted authorities that he possesses sufficient means to eater upon the undert tieing, but lie should be compelled to lay before them from time to' titnerproofs that be continues in a state of ability to carry it on in an efficient manner, or perhaps it would by well to tequiie from him security for due fulfilment of his duties. He ought to be a person of high character, of scrupulous probity, and unimpeachable morality, of the strictest sobriety, of equable temper, not given to act upon impulse, and free from angry passions, of quick perception, not too confiding, not too easy, active, xot given to indolence, well educated, and of business habits, nor should he be engaged in any other commercial enterprises or occupations to detract his attention or absorb his capital. lam not altogether prepared to maintain with some that it is absolutely necessary he should be a medical practitioner, but when-he is not be should be compelled to employ a medical superintendent, who should be, to a certain extent, independent of him, and whose position and powers should be clearly laid down and defined. His remuneration sbould be fixed, nor should there be any power of dismissing him without the concurrence of the Commissioners in Lunacy or the Visiting Justices. The lunatic requires con stant medical supervision night and day ; whether he forms the unit of e large or small community, it never can be pre viously known at what hour or moment ire - may respire the most anxious care and skilful attention ; therefore it should be made imperative that any person receiving a licence for a lunatic asylum, if note medical man, or, if so, not residing on the premises, should employ a duly qualified medical practitioner to reside therein lad superintend the establish ment. The present system of visiting medical attendants gibing a formal round twice a-week is utterly useless, and pught to be abolished. If the pauper patient in the public asylum is required to be seen by his medical officer twice a day, ought we to be satisfied that the private patient in .a small asylum should be professionally visited but once or twice a-week, merely because he is one of a few in nutnbeo ? All private asediams ought, therefore, if not licensed to a resident medical proprietor, to have a resident medical superintendent. A correspondent in the Times of July 30, 1858, stetes it as his ,opinion that the medical officer of a private asiltertke ehenid—have previously practised in a public one. I have seen the practice of bn.h, and cannot nee that the one is a desirable preparation for the other. We might as well expect the maser of a union workhouse to make the best manager of a first-class hotel. The roughness of one is totally different from the elegance and comfort of the other. Nor is the practitioner in the large public asylum ntrtaa.experienced or better acquainted with mental diseases. '-Experience is gained by close, intimate, and accurate observation—not by the passing glance of moving through the crowd. How much attention can lie given to each ca?"e by the superin tendent who has to see 300, 400, or 500, up4p even a higher figure of patients within the day, to say ffettifteg of the ether multifarious duties which require his attention? To get through these duties he is obliged to fall into a system of Mere routine.. Not so with the medical officee of the private asylum, who has from 50 to 100 daily to attend to--a number sufficient to supply specimens of every class of insane per sons, without detracting attention froineach individually by numbers. Moreover, the patients, being persons of much more cultivated minds before the affliction falls upon them, they exhibit far more objects of interest and observation. There is as much difference as there is between the neglected garden which has been previously richly culti vated and the barren mountain or heath which has never been subjected to the skill of the husbandman. The medical superintendent of the peivate lunatic asylum is the intimate friend and companion of his patients, joining them - in their meals, their recreations, amusements, and em ployments, entering into familiar conversation with them, and so constantly with them that he becomes acquainted with their inmost thought,: and feelings, witnesses their al most every action, and makes himself se thoroughly master Of their characters and dispositions that, if a man of tact and superior talent, he soonacquires great moral influence over them. - There is as much knowledge, skill, tact, and pains tbleibg attention required for the management of from 50 to 1:00 patients of the better class as for 500 paupers. The larger number, however, of our private asylums are too small to afford stifficieut experience to their.medical officere, or to allow of that association of the patients which is preyed to be so beneficial to them, or to admit of the full advan tages of combination in the procuring such additional com forts and luxuries which may not be within range of the few, but are easily procured when the expenses are divided among a number, as is well known to all acquainted with the club system and the power of union. Though I believe the proprietor's own character and in terests are the best guarantees for the discharge of his duties, unfortunately all are not equally conscientious or sufficiently enlightened to see that in the long run they will best serve their own interests by doing justice to 'their patients ; therefore frequent inspection by the constituted authorities is necessary. This duty is at present performed in the metropolitan district by the Commissioners in Lunacy, who visit each asylum at least four times a-year, and in the provinces a committee of -magistrates is appointed,. with a medical man to afferd them the assistance of his professional knowledge, and a lawyer to act as their clerk and legal ad r, who inspects each establishmeht four times a-year ; and — t Tie, Commissioners in Lunacy visit these provincial houses'tivice a-year, but their powers in the provinces are not so ample as in.their own district. There are few officials who are more conscientious, active, and zealous, or to whom greater credit is due for the manner in which they perform their arduous duties, titan the C omm issioners in Lunacy ; indeed. the insane and the friends of the insane are deeply indebted to them for the vast improvements they have effected, and this is more especially visible in the con dition of asylums under their own exclusive jaris diction as eerapered with those under the " double government's in the provinces. But periodical inspection to be efficient, should be both frequent anti unexpected; that if the magistracy above referred to rarely is unexpected; either from their individual acquaintance and friendship with the proprietors whose neighbours they almost invariably are, or from the correspondence which takes place before each visit, or from, horses being hi.ed to convey the doctor and (lode, of which intimation is given to the parties interested; by some means or other these visi tations are almost always made known to the proprietor or superintendent; nor are the provincial movements of the commissioners kept so sceret as in the metropolitan dis trict; apartments are somttitues be poke at an hotel in the neighbouring town where the proprietor of t h e asylum is 1 not unknown, or horses are engaged to meet certain gentle men at the railway station, who are c eating down by such and such a train, and wish to proceed on immediately to --, which intention and desire is probably conveyed to -- some hours before themselves, in plenty time to pass round an order among the attendants, servants, and others, " to bustle about and have everything in readiness for in spection ;" but, irrespective of foreknowledge, these visits are too seldom. But we have no right to expect impossibili ties, or that Commissioners in Lunacy should possess greater powers of übiquity and greater physical endurance than other men. These establishments ought to be officially visited at least once a-month, and it would be better were the inspec tions still more frequent, at uncertain times, and at all hours. To effect this it would be necessary to have district in spectors, who should be duly qualified medical men, and such as have lived in asylums should be preferred if other wise eligible for the appointments; they should be nomi nated by, respensible to, and under the authority of the Commissioners in Lunacy. There are other duties besides mere inspection that might be beneficially, assigned to them, such as ascertaining any particular facts and making any special inquiries which the commissioners might deem desirable, alio, as lin additional security is thought requisite to prevent persons being consigned t® asylums without due necessity, it might be enacted that every patient should be seen by one of these officials—if t before admission to an ass hem, within a few —say, seven—days afterwards—aud the continuance of a patient in an asylum should not be legal unless the inspector countersigned the certificates and stater meats upon which such patient was received cr directed to be received. At present it is necessary that there should be an order for the reception of a patient, and a statement of certain particulars, signed by some relative or friend, aunt two certificates signed by two medical men unconnected with each other, arid without previous consultation or meet,- log, stating that the patient is a proper person to be placed under care and treatment ; setting forth, at the same time., the facts open which that opinion is grounded, distinguish ing these observed by the certifiers themseives from ti:' communicated to them by others, and no certificate is valid without the specification ef sonic fact or facts indicative of insanity observed by those who sign the certificates. In ad dition to these astatementsetting forth the mental and bodily condition of the patient after tiot less than two clear drys from the date of admission must be filled up and signed by the medical officer of the asylum This delay is to give time for observation of the case; but where there is no resident medical officer this opportunity does not occur, and the statement is usually filled up after one very cursery observa tion. Notice must also be given by the proprietor or super intendent to the Commissioners in Lunacy and the clerk to the visiting justices, of the admission of a patient within seven days, accompanied by copies of the above-mentioned documents. Now, it is a fact known to every proprietor anti superintendent of a lunatic asylum that where a medi cal certificate for the admission of a patient is correctly filled up is the exception rather than the rule, and that in the majority of instances amendments or additions arc required; a eon further, that the profession generally betray greet want of practical acquaintance with, if not a positive igno rance of, the subject of insanity, that the certifiers are apt to be much influenced by what they hear rather than by what they observe, and that these investigations are usually too short and lax. I would recotemend, then, that to make these documents valid it should be requisite that they be countersigned by the district inspector, and that they should not be so countersigned until he had bad a per sonal interview with the patient and satisfiid himself as tu:' the unsoundness of mind and all - original informalities it* the docutnents had been rectified, and that in all doubtfdr cases he should he empow ered to make full investigation and.sunenion to his aid such evideoce as he might require. It has been desired by some • that no patient shelled ha consigned to a lunatic asylum without having been pre viously taken before m agistrates in 'tidy sessions, a county court judge, cr some other public method of investigating such patient's state o f mind- Any proceedings of this nature would be ois.ressingly painful to the feelings of friends of a patient, if not of himself. The publicity in curred would cause many to atria from the exposure, the consequence of which would be that dangerous lunatics would be suffered to be at large, and cut able cases become chronic and hopeless for the want of proper treatment. • Nor would any such method he so really well calculated to deter- mine the sanity or insanity of the parties as the one I have suggested. Sane persons are, however, according to my ex perience, rarely taken to asylums; there is couch more fear of patients being detained too long after recovery—an evil which would be much checked by mom frequent inspection. The district inspector would in the course of some little titne become well acquainted almost with each Inmate of the asylums under his charge, aed would net be °briefed to trust so much to the reports of others or to the faithfulness of the records in the case books, as those whose visits are few and far between. In addition to these means of supervision, it would be desirable that every building before it is licensed for the reception of lunatics, en d again preeiore to the reoootol f• he lieenee, should be reeteugaly txemined by a competerit sun eyor, who elt_u:tl see that it has been completed in all its requirements and kept in substantial repair. At present these buildings are made to look well to the eye—male, in short, fur show — while they are very deficient in substance and completeness of w h at i s requisite for braPhand comfort. The inspection should not be merely sure , ficial, but "below th e sur f ace' "and should minutely extend into workman ship and material. The places selected for private asylums are often old mansions, or large houses In the country, with extensive out-offices, sup as stables, hay lofts, cowhinses, cartsheds, &c. ' • these are one varied into apartment s f e e the inferier close of wire, and frequently in a very flimsy way, and with rotegin ateriel, though made to look well.h Plans of the wh o le a re p r ettily drawn up, and everythiugeisahought to be right; line a sur veyor looking tniatitely ipto toktere would find much to amend. I could rebate 'setae ettroms facts would it not tic: cupy too much space t° do so ; but, if the inmates of lunatic asylum require thie sulnivisioa, I fear the condition of what are called "single patients," calls much more loudly for legislative interference. Any person can take charge of a single patient without a licence, and though legally to piut any restraint upon them or' their actions the same cert!h eates and orders are required as in the case of the admission of a patient into a private asylum, and the same notice must be sent to the authorities, yet these requirements of the law are constantly evaded, and even if complied with they are not under such, supervision as will protect them from ill usage. Numerous persons daily advertise for these single patient, calling themselves experienced in the treatment of insanity, whose experience is too often but that of the difficulty of meeting the demands of quarter-day, while others are grossly ignorant and totally unfit for such charge; not a few are discharged or superannuated attendants of asylums, brought up and prejudiced in favour of the worst forms of mechanical restraint and all the horrors of the old system of treating the insane; and a practice prevails of farming out one patient to this private lodging and another to that to avoid the necessity of a licence and the inconve nience of proper inspection. Such tampering with the liberty of the subject ought to be prohibi.ed, or, at all events, a licence should be required for one patient, as well as for a number, if for no other purpose than making in quiry into the character and fitness of the persons seeking to take charge ofsingle patients as well as the accommodation they may have to offer them ; at present numbers are hu mored in obscure and cheerless lodgings, where they undergo all kinds of privations and sufferings, if not absolute cruelty, and debarred, perhaps, from all society but that of some coarse-minded menial. But it is not only ;tom those who take the charge of them that the insane re quire protection; their property is, es the law at present stands, but very indifferently cared for, and is but too fre quently taken possession of by relatives fur their own bene fit or hoarded up for heirs-at-law, and but a miserable frac- tion expeusio44 4 co mforts and necessities. Clnthing I. 4 lait+ is also often much ' ne glected 1) - y - their - friends. None-but those engaged in the care and treatment of private lunatic patients can have any conception of the difficulties experi enced in protarft4 from relatives and friends proper sup plies and descriptions of clutakg. 1%, i • 3 powerful provocative of self-respect—one very great desider atum in the moral treatment of the insane. Unwilling to occupy too much of your valuable space upon the deeply interesting, subject of this wide-spread and extending calamity, I will briefly sum up what I con sider the most desirable change in the present laws. 1. All licences for private asylums should be granted by the Commissioners in Lunacy, and not by the magi strates in quarter sessions. The whole kingdom should be as much under their authority as the metropolitan dis s trict now is. I would not, however, altogether abolish visitation by magistrates, as they are often known to patients and their friends, and there is a feeling of friendly security engendered thereby. Their offices should more especially be to detect and point out abuses, short-com ings and neglects, and to suggest improvements. 2. Persons who have been interested in any private asylum within two years are excluded from being appointed Com inissionere IdLunacy. This prohibits tee appointment of some-of our ablest men. I could name tnaey ; let, however, the mention of Conolly, Winslow, Monroe, and Sutherland suffice. It would be quite sufficient for all practical pur poses to enact that from the time of accepting such an office all beneficial interest in any such institutions sbou d cease; rather than exclude them it would be more desirable that one at least of the commissioners should be a person who has heen.engaged in the management of a private asyium, at least as lorg as private asylums are permitted by law. No oneis so able to judge as one who has been behind the scenes, and to put it on the lowest ground, as the old saying has it, "An old poacher makes the best gamekeeper;" they also, from experience and intimate knowledge of private patients, are best acquaihted with their feelings, wants, and require ments. 3. No one should be allowed to receive even one lunatic patient without a licence, and on application by any one for a licence the strictest investigation should be wade as to the character, moral fitness, and ability of the person so apply ing, whether lie is fit morally, personally, and pecuniarily to undertake such responsibility. The, building, too, in the case of an asylum, stupid be required to be oroughly ex amined throughout in all its departments by a competent surveyor, aid these examinations should be repeated before each renewal of the licence, the surveyor making a report of every such examination to the Commissioners in Lunacy. 4. Every lunatic patient, whether single or in an asylum, should be required to be medically visited once a day, and all asylums for 20 patients or upwards should have either a resident medical proprietor or superintendent. 5. No pauper lunatic should after a fixed date be retained in any licensed houle; union workhouse, or gaol. This would, of course, require adequate accommodation for all pauper patients in the public asylums. 6. A number of district inspectors should be appointed to assist the Commissioners in Lunacy in the inspection of lunatic asylums, especially licensed houses, who shall be ap pointed by, responsible, and under the authority of the com missioners. Their duties should be to inspect every private asylum or licensed house, and see every patient confined therein not less than once a month; to visit all single patients within their districts, and see to their accommodation, treat ment, and state of mind; to visit all private patients placed under care and treatment within seven days of their so beng placed; and to examine all orders, statements, and medical certificates respecting theta; to see that all infor malities in them are corrected, and to countersign them when fully satisfied in their own minds that such persons arc properly placed under restraint; and they should have power to make such inquiries and summon such evi dence as they may consider necessary for their purposes; bat unless so countersigned, no vder, stwernent, or certifi cate should be valid ; they should also make such inquiries Red transact such other business as the commissioners might from time to time require of them. 7. Notices of all deaths in asylums, whether public or pri vate, as also of all single patients, should be sent to the coroner of the district; at present such notices are sent only from lunatic hospitals and private asylums—the authorities of which arc interested in pre serving the lives of their patients, from whom profit is derived, which must cease on their death ; while in the public asylum, if there is any interest in the matter at all, it is in getting rid of the trouble of bur dens, and yet no notice is required—ill-treatment, neglect, and other causes of premature death may be there smothered up and unnoticed. 8. The powers of the commissioners in granting and re scinding or refusing licenses, also in enforcing rules, pro hibitions, and recommendations should be extended; but to guard against any unjust or improper exercise of arbitrary power there should be some court of appeal, but all frivolous and vexatious appeals should be dismissed with costs against the parties making them. Such are a few of the alterations which appear to me to be required in the lunacy laws. That the time for the further amendment of them is come no one can dispute and it is to be hoped that the committee of in quiry, of which the hon. member for Bath has given notice for next session, will be able, on the evidence that will be laid be fore thena,to report in favour of many desirable changes. The improvements of past years—and they have beets very great — have served to throw light upon remaining imperfections. Let us earnestly set to work to remove them. As a decided advocate of the abolition of all mechanical restraint, and believing that, with thee exception of some most extraor dinary cases, such abolition is merely a question of expense, I should be inclined to advocate some legislative 'restrictions on the subject—say, giving to the commissioners power absolutely to forbid the coarser forms of it, and to deter mine what mild forms should alone be permitted. I have already far outstepped the bounderies within which these observations ought to have been confined, but I could add much more on the subject. The prevention of lunacy, espe cially, is a topic upon which I feel much inclined to offer a few observations, but must fur the present forbear; should, however, these remarks be favourably received, I may at frame future time trouble the readers of The Times with my views on that interesting and important question. THE NI NOVA, FR AMLEIGH HALL, Is now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols. 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PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. _Forms for Opening Accounts sent free on application. METROPOLITAN COUNTIES LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 27, Regent-street, Waterloo-place, London, S.W. Life assurances, annuities, endowments, and loans on advantageous terms. F. FERGUSON CAIIROITX, Manager. N.B. Policies in force, notwithstanding the Decease of the Life Assured within the thirty days of grace, the Premium in arrear being deducted from the amount assured. FIFTH DIVISION OF PROFITS._ NORTH BRITISH INSURANCE COMPANY. Established 1809. Incorporated by Royal Charter. PRESIDENT — His Grace the Duke of ROXBURGIIE, K.T. Sir PETER LAURIE, Alderman. _Chainnan. - JOILN I. GI,ENNIE, Esq., Deputy-Chairman. William Borradaile, Esq. John Connell, Esq. Archibald Cockburn, Esq. P. Sorthall Laurie, Esq. E. P. Prichard, Esq. Charles James Knowles, Esq., Q.C. Solicitor, ALEXANDER DOBIE, Esq., Lancaster-Place. Capital of One Million —accumulating Premium Fund £664,000. Revenue from Life Premiums alone £116,000, annually increasing. Nine-tenths or Ninety per cent. of the profits are septennially divided among the insurers on the participating scale of Premiums. All Profit Policies effected during the current year will share in the Profits of Saven Years, and will secure a larger Bonus at every future division of Profits. The Bonus accumulations at last investigation ranged from 25 to 70 per cent. on the Premiums pai d. ROBERT STRICHAN, Secretary. 4, Bank Buildings, Lothbury, London, E.C. APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. LEA and PERRINS' WoReP.s'ATERSIIIRE SANCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, ana all mast meat, Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad, ard by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe guard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchurch-street, London, and es, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and mer chants, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.l&—To guard against imitations, see that the names of " LEA and PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. DEPOSIT CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.-Aug7lBl . OLD COURT. "James llor-kek , 37, was charged with stealing a post letter, containing a sovereign, a sixpence, and six postage stamps, the property . of the Postmaster-general. Mr. Bodkin and Mr. Poland conducted the prosecution; the prisoner was defended by Mr. Cooper. Mr. Bodkio, in opening the case to the jury, stated that in consequence of repeated complaints of the loss of letters in the district where the prisoner was employed as a post letter carrier, the authorities of the Post-office took the usual proceeding in-such cases of addressing what was called a "test letter," to be delivered within the district. He said that as some observations had been made with regard to this course of proceeding, he felt it right to observe that rob beries to an enormous amount were committed by letter carriers, and the authorities of the Post-office had no other means of detecting the guilty parties but by resorting to the proceeding of despatching a test letter, and with respect to the argument that had been made use of that such a proceeding was a temptation to the commission of crime, he said it was obvieus that it was no extra ordinary temptation, the test letter being placed with the genuine letters, and thus was not likely to have any effect except upon dishonest persons. In point of fact, the Pro ceeding was nothing more than was adopted by tradesmen every day, when they suspected persons in their employ , merit of robbing them, of marking money in their till with a view. to discover who was the guilty party. The witnesses for the prosecution were then exernined, _nd it appeared that, on the 28'11 of July, Mr: Clair, er ..!' s ie . iMelaf the inspectors of the Post-office, enclosed ea .saveteigv, a sixpence, and six postage stamps in . a s , *or addressed to a person in Nottingham-Place, evgroad, which, it appeared, was within2"the district assigned to the Sussex-place receiving house, ,where the prisoner and some other letter-carrielerere em ployed. The • usual steps were then taken ro trace the letter, and it eppears that it was in the first instance p laced in the bundle of a letter-carrier named Simmer, who would have bad to deliver , the letters that were addressed to Not tingham-piletee ; and the prisoner was observed to look over the bundle of letters, and after handling the one in question, to remove it from Shuter's bundle. He subsequently, it appeared, seemed to have some suspicion that be was watched., and be was seen to run across wh o re m the post-office to a public-house opp oiite, he asked to go into the water-closet ; and upon this place being searched nteerwards the en elope of the letter was discovered, but the money and th °stage stamps had disappeared. No one but the prisoner a eared to have had access to the water-closet on the morniu in question, and consequently no one but he could bare piked the envelope where it was found. Mr. Cooper sddressed the jury for the defence, and in the course of his speech he complaiced of the course that was adopted by the Post-office in sending these "test letters," and be said that in hii opiuion it was calculated to entrap honest persons into the c ommission of crime. Mr. Justice Williams, in his summing up, saidje appeared to hint that there was nothing at all improper lb the use of a test loeer, and tie Reid that the Pest - office authorities were termed to use -every means in cue.' p• e.. r e ~ c vet , i,, parties by whom robberies of this description were eea ,_ [flitted, and this appeared to be the most effectual means that could be tale .ur titateparpose- The jury, after a ry short d e liberation, returned a ver erric diet of guilty. James Richmond, 20, wan charged with a similar offence. The same counsel conducted the prosecution. The pri seiner was defended by Mr. Sleigh. The father of the pri soner, it a pp eared, bad been in the service of the Post-office for 30 years, and he was still em ployed there. The prisoner was also employed in the office, and the-evidence ag ainst him was of a similar nature to that which was adduced in ,t 4 l a ee .ease , - The jury found the prisoner guilty, but reCommended him to mercy on account of his youth. . • . Joseph _Charles Marottz, 'Tomei' Quin, wad .Edward Thomas Lawrence, three other Post-office letter-carriers, aLio pleaded guilty to charges of stealing letters containing money. Mr. Bodkin informed the Court that Marotti and Quin were both employed at the same office, and after repeated complaints of the loss of letters, Marotti was detected and committed for trial, and in less than a fortnight afterwards the other man, Quin, was also detected in committing a similar offence. Mr. Justice Williams sentenced the prisoners Horlock, Quin, and Marotti to undergo six years' penal servitude ; and Richmond and Lawrence, on account of their youth, were sentenced to the more lenient punishment of four years' penal servitude. Henry Thompson alias Stanbrough, 36, a respectable looking man, was charged with uttering a forged £lO note with intent to defraud. Mr. Giffard and Mr. Orridge prosecuted ; Mr. Sleigh de fended the prisoner. 1 t appeared that the prisoner had resorted to a very in genious proceeding to commit the offence imputed to him. He went to the shop of Mr. Blackburn, a hosier, in Hol born, and selected :_ome shirts and other articles , a nd then pulled ' out his purse, apparently for the purpose of paying for the goods, but appeared suddenly to find that he had not got money enough, and he then directed the shopkeeper to pack up the things and he said he would send for them. In the course of the dag he applied to a ticket porter in Lincoln's-inn-fields, and gave him a letter addressed _to Mr. Blackburn, which contained a forged £lO note, and he requested him _to take the amount of the bill out of the note and send him the change in the parcel. It happened rather curiously that one of the clerks employed in the London and Westminster Bank was accidentally in the prosecu ter's shop when the letter was oells*ed. The forged :gate avas-shrrtin_ LC! hipa,,and be at once saki lia 4 at tt _wns_ not genhine: 'A 'quariTity of rag 'were 'Were then. picked up 'lnd given to the porter and he went away, and as be was proceeding along Bow-street the prisoner came up vi !!'•!) to ',ire t:;e - pal eel. Tue e ,htcr, who was aware of what had taken place at the shop, told the prisoner that Mr. Blackburn wished to see him about the change, and he at first consented to accompany him, but at length he evi dently became aware that something was wrong, and endeavoured to run away, but the porter laid hold of him, and detained hint until a policeman came up and took him into custody. When the case had proceeded to some extent, the pri soner, by the advice of his learned counsel, withdrew his plea of not guilty, and pleaded guilty to du; charge. Mr. Sleigh then addressed the learned judge in mitiga tion of punishment, and said be was instructed that the prisoner was very respectably connected, and was in the service of Messrs. Fox and Henderson down to the period of their failure, when be was discharged, and since that period he had unfortunately become connected with persons who were known by the designation of betting-men, and the prisoner's statement to bim was that he had received the note in question from one of these persons, and he was not aware that it was forged. A witness was called, who gave the prisoner a very good character. Sentence was deferred. Harry Bunbury, 38, a geeticmanly-looking young man, pleaded guilty to three indictments, charging him with uttering forged acceptances to bills of exchange with intent to defraud. _ _ _ Mr. Sleigh, WIo appeared for the prisoner, said that the was a very melancholy case. The prisoner was the son of is deceased general officer, Gen. Bunbury, and it was a very painful thing indeed to see him in his presena degraded position. It appealed that there had been aomt disputes between the prisoner and his relations upon the subject of property, and at a time when he was in great dis tress he placed the name of Ihe solicitor to his relations as the acceptor to these bills of exchange, thinking that he should by this proceeding compel his family to do some thing for him. The prisoner appeared to be under the impression that In so doing he had only committed a venal offence, but he, as his advocate, felt himself compelled to inform him that this was no ithtification, and that he had no legal answer to the charge; but under the circumstances, be trusted that the Court would feel that the justice of the case would be satisfied by the infliction of a lenient punishment upon the prisomer, particularly when it was recollected that he was now branded as a felon, and that his prospects in life were for ever destroyed. Mr. Martin, who appeared for the prosecution, said that the prosecutor desired to recommend the prisoner most strougl-y to the merciful consideration of the Court. In this case also sentence was deferred. Edward Holtaway, a young man, surrendered and pleaded guilty to a charge of bigamy. Mr. Sleigh, who appeared for the prisoner, said be was instructed that no deception had been practised upon the second wife, and that she was perfectly well aware be was a married man at the time the ceremony of marriage was per formed between them. _ Mr. T. Salter, who was instructed to prosecute, said that his learned friend was quite misinstructed upon this subject, and he called the prosecutrix, a respectable and very good looking young woman, who stated that it was not true that she was aware the prisoler was married when she married him, but, on the contrary, he represented himself to be a i single man. In answer to questions put by Mr. Sleigh, the prosecu trix said that a roan named Taylor did say something to her about the prisoner havieg a wife and children, but he only said that, he had heard it of some one else, and when she taxed the prisoner with it he denied it. Mr. Sleigh then called two young men, named Taylor and Boakes, as witnesses, and they stated that they both informed the prosecutrix before her marriage that the prisoner Was a married man, and cautioned her to be careful. Oae of them also stated that the prosecutrix told him upon one eecacion that she had seen the prisoner's wife, and that there had been a " shindy" between theta. (A laugh.) The prosecutrix denied that this statement was true, and her mother was called, who stated that the priconer de clared himself to be a single man down to the last moment, and it was not until six made preparations to go to Graves end, and inquire upon the subject, that he admitted he wt.s a married man wheu he married her daughter. The prisoner was sentenced to six months' imprisonment and hard labour. NEW COURT. (Before Mr. Justice Willes.) ..Edward Wellington Boate was indicted fur feloniously applying to his own use certain sums of money which had been entrusted to bim by virtue of his employment in the public service of her Majesty. After some conversation between Mr. Sleigh and Mr. Robinson, His Lordship agreed to allow the case to stand over until next session, the accused entering into his own moguls ances in £lOO. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. WESTERN CIRCUIT.—BRISToL, AUG. 18. (Before Mr. Baron Channell and a Special Jury.) MILES Y. MAGAN. This case was an action brought by a young lady, the daughter of Mr. William Miles, of Sherbourne, against Capt. Megan, the member' fur Westmeath, to recover com pensation in damages for a breach of his promise to marry hqr. The damages were laid at £lO,OOO. The case excited &feat interest. Mr. Slade, Mr. Montague Smith, and Mr. Kingdon were for the plaintiff; and Mr. Collier, Mr. Keane, and Mr. Cole for the defence. - Mr. Slade—ln the case of Miles v. Magan, which was specially fixed for this morning, I am happy to pay th a t your lordship will be spared the trouble of going into a very long and plinfni inquiry. The matter in dispute has been arranged entirely to the satisfaction of both parties, and I think that I shall best discharge my duty by withdrawing the record. Mr. Baron Channel! said be was very glad to find that such a course had been adopted. - Mr. Collier= My lord, I entirely concur in what my learned Mend has said, that it is certainly for the best that we should be spared an investigation which could lead to no useful result. At the same time I cannot aflow the matter to dose without saying on the part of Capt. Magan, as indeed I am instructeJ to do, that there is not the slightest imputation ort-the character of Miss Miles as regards her purity and virtue ; and I may, perhaps, be further permitted to express my belief that bad the conduct of Capt. Megan been investigated it would have been found to be equally free from blame. Mr. Baron Channell—l am exceedingly glad to find that the matter is settled. _ The record was then withdrawn. It was understood in court that the terms of settlement were— Defendaht to pay £2,000 and costs, all original letters between the parties to be returucd on both sides, and all printed copies cf the correspondence to be destroyed. NORTHERN CIRCUIT. —LivEnrooL, AUG. 18. CIVIL COURT. (Before Mr. Baron Martin.) HOLMES V. LAWTON, This was an action of trespass to recover compensation in d am ages for an assault whereby the plaintiff lost two of his teeth. Mr. Overend, Q.C., and Mr. Quail' appeared for the plaintiff; Mr. T. Jones for . the defendant. It appeared that the plaintiff'is a contractor, and a hale, hearty man , between Wand 70 years of age, and th e defend ant is a surgeon and a young man of 2G sears of age, anti both reside at Sheffield. On the 19th June last the defendant was called out to see a patient, and went ix his gig, accom panied by his groom. On his return he attempted to drive over a private road which the plaintiff was employed in con structing. A cart was laid across the road to prevent vehicles from passing, and the defendant got out of his gig to remove it. The plaintiff endeavoured to prelent him by holding the wheel, on seeing which the defendant dropped the cart shaft and knocked the plaintiirdown by a blow on the mouth. This blow knocked twn of the defendan•'s teeth out, and on his getting up the defendant again knocked lain down, and very severely ill-used him. •The plaintiff himself proved these facts, and in his examination said that the defendant took up a stone in each hand and offered to fight all the " navvies" on the ground one by one. The plaintiff's part ner then ran up and said, "My good man, are you going to kill somebody ?" The defendant replic4, "Yes, I have a licence to kitl people." (Laughter.) His Lordship (to Witness)., -Did you go to any medical man afterjon were abused by him? Tlaintiffi." Nay; not likely." (Renewed laughter.) For the clatrice the defendant anti his groom were called, and ti evidence was that the plaintiff was the aggressor, nr..l !hp t oo k on the stoze.=. to d.f...fit.l bitukit Liae ty,ufii stating that the plaintiff' first came forward in a fighting latitude—(laughter)—and told his men 10 " kill the devil, but. not to touch his man." (Great laughter.) His Lordship having summed up the evidence, the jurs found a verdict for the plaintiff.—Damages, £2O. THE MAYOR &C., OP LIVERPOOL V. REOBY AND ANOTHER, OVERSEERS, &c., OP RUNCORN. This was an action of trespass f.,r distraining for poor rates on the property of the corporation of Liverpool et Runcorn. The defendant pleaded that they were justified in so distrainivg for poor-rates due iu 4,espect of the pro perty of the corporation. The corporation replied that the only property they had there was the right to .town c dues and anchorage, which were not liable to rates. T his replia tion was traversed. Mr. Atherton, Q.C„ and Illilward appeared for the S PA PE It plaintiff; and Mr. ei t i f Pi the Ceforulancs. It appeared from the openi t el for the plaintiff that the dues andp411.... e ••• ,7 7.' poor-rates were claimed, wt'tre,44 t • ,41441,a i tynbls by vessels Corning from vitrietri - nAc•. - 4/I, l ` .7 6a/etuth anchorage. .Thcse dues and anO.bragaglitaelonged to the cor!:toration of Liverpool d bp 7 bz o c i l! o al l e o . K lr i tr c B ha ttr e t ,i :o l r : peration of Lo . ndm advanef: in cot..sideratlon of which advance Its granted to :ham the ells:oats and anchorage does vested in the Gown payable on the river Mersey. A part of these dues wore sold by the Corporation of London to the Lord Melyneux of that 'lay, and in 1671, leased them for a small rentc h arre to the lte Corporation of Liverpool for 1,000 years. In 1777 the Cor poration of Liverpool purchased the reversion, and became owners of the dues to question. They had no buoys or offices at Runcorn, and the dues were collected there by is clerk. In 1817 they were rated to the poor in rei;eri tenctptrfotvbeedse, dues, and did not tr s p o e f al. opi l'h io e n se i f b a a c t ts t h be a s v e in a g nchorage and His Lordship w town dues were not paid iu any way in relation to the land, and his opinion was that the defendants bed no tight to distrain. By his lordship's direction a verdict was found for the plaintiffs,—damages, 130, leave being reserved to the defendants to move. LEE V. NICIICILL. This was an action for seduction. Mr. Maule appeared for the plaintiff; and Mr. Temple, Q.C., fn. the defendant. The plaintiff, it appeared, is a widsw, residing at Brook- . rood-house Farm, near Halifax, and the mother of six children, of whom the subject of the prevent action was the eldest daughter. She was 25 years of age, and was very useful to her, keeping her Recoup: s and doing all she could in the care of the family. The defendant is a young farmer and cattle-dealer in the same neighbourhood, who became acquainted with the plaintiff's daughter two years ago, and paid his addresses to her, visiting her frequently. Towards the close of lastyear it was discovered that she was in the familyway. The defendant still continued his visits and talked of marriage, but in February last he ceased to visit her. This change in his demeanour affected the health and spirits of plaintiff's daughter very much. In June last she was confined. The chilli only lived 48 hours, and she her self died four days afterlards. This action was brought by the plaintiff to compensige her for the loss of her daughter's services. The plaintifinvho appeared in deep mourning, had proved the a facts„, when tkt i Nulant, consented to a verdict for Ilse plalntt 17 otheatest end of tkawasp,„. which was a very a tiftirirree 444.0._ r.. rl, cow., a Lilt; day it was announced that the Lord Chief Baron will take causes to-morrow, if any can be ar raeged to go over; othervvise he will not remain. The Criminal Court t3-day was occupied with the trial of a rape case. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE.—A respectably-dressed, careworn lookintr, middle-aged woman, named Soden, applied to the Lord Mayor for his advice and assistance under most dis tressing and pitiable circumstances. She stated that she bad for many years been married to a man by whom she had bad eleven children, cf whom seven, nrying in age from 17 to three years, were yet living. Her husband had for some years held a respectable situation as clerk in a mer chant's office, and once they were happy enough together, but recently his behaviour had changed towards her, and about a fortnight ago he quitted her and her children, leaving them entirely destitute. She had not herself seen him since, but a friend of hers met him one day at the Crystal Palace, accompanied by a woman with whom he had formed an illicit connection, and with whom he was now, doubtless, living. After that applicant received a letter from him in which he told her she must get on as well as she could fur a time, as_ he hoped to see her again some day and be comfortable with her again. Owing to his desertion, she was in the deepest distress, with out the means of getting a single meal fer her children — one of whom was very ill ; and for any assistance or advice which the Lord Mayor might be able to give her she should be truly grateful. The Lord Mayer said her husband mnst indeed be a vil lain if her statement were true ; and the best thing she could do would be to apply to the parish authorities, who would make search after him, and find him it possible. With regard to her immediate necessities, inquiry should be made, and she should be relieved from the poor-box If the result substantiated her statement. • _ _ His lordship forthwith despatched Mr. Sewell, one of the clerks of the court, to 15, Sugar-baker's-yard, Mitre-street, Aldgate, where the poor woman lives, to make the requisite investigation ; and that gentleman, upon his return, re ported that he had found the statement of Mrs. Soden to be in all respects but too true. Her husband had forsaken her and left her entirely destittre ; and although it was impossible for any place to be more neat and clean, or for children to be kept more tidy, there was not an atom of food in the house when he went, and one poor child, about 14 years old, was seriously ill and reduced to a skeleton apparently from starvation, while the other six children were wan mid attenuated from the want of food. Some bread and cheese which was sent for they eagerly devoured, and it was perfectly clear that, unless they bad been relieved, none of them could have lived much longer. To meet pressing emergencies, he (Mr. Sewell) had given Mrs. Soden a sovereign, and had also communi cated with the guardians of the City of London Union, who had met the case in the kindest manner, and had promised to take steps to remove the child, who was so ill, into the country, that she might have the benefit of pure air, quie tude, and attention, and also to lose no time in looking after Mrs. Seden's husband. The Lord Mayor sail the case was indeed a pitiable one, as the woman, Mrs. Soden, appeared to be a most respect able woman, and was suffering, with her seven children, solely from the misconduct of a brutal husband. It was to be hoped that her sad condition would shortly improve, and that her husband wou'd soon he hunts(' up by the parish authorities. Thos. :Tracey, a tall, powerfully-built, brutal-looking fellow, wes ebtuged with being (hunk and disorderly. • Robinson, police-constable 630, deposed that on Tuesday evening he i•ow the prisoner in Harrow-alley, drunk and creating a disturbance ; upon which he went up to endea vour to quiet him, when the prisoner stuck at him with a knife which he was flourishing in kis hand, and witness had great difficulty in escaping the blow. He did, however, succeed i❑ doing so, and, with the assistance of some by stander.,, wrested away the knife train the prisoner, whom be conveyed to the station4ous:: , . The prisoner was a most dote: mined ruffian. He had once been sentenced to seven years' transportation fir breaking a man's jawbone, and since that time be had ben convicted of assaulting a police man. He was a complete terror to the neighbourhood in which be lived. A witness who assisted the policeman deposed that before the lest witness came up he saw the prisoner flourishing a knife in his hand, cud heard him say he would stick the first policeman that came in his way. Lord Mayor—Well, prisoner, what have you got to say to this ? Prisoner—Well, I had bad a little drink and kicked up a little row; but 1 didn't mean any harm, and I hops you won't give me much this time. Lord Mayor—l am sorry to say I cannot give you enough, for you are an unmitigated ruffian, anal if you bad not been prevented I daresay you would have stabbed the policeman. Prisoner—No • God forbid. I am sure I didn't mean that. Lord Mayor—Why, you have been-trausported for seven years fur breaking a man's jaw. Prisoner—Yes, but that MS a long while ago. Lord Mayor—Long enough, I'm afraid, for you to have forgotten the puniilunent you received. You must go to prison for 21 d.lys, ou bread and water, for being drunk and disorderly. Florence ill‘Carthy, labourer, was then charged with being drunk and disorderly, and also with stabbing John Chubb, a City policeman, in Rose-alley, Bishopsgatc-street. The officer wc::t'up_to the prislner, who was creating a disturbance, for the put pose of quieting him, alien the pri soner struck at him with something brigh', but he could not tell what. The blvv was aimed at his face, and as he drew back to avoid it the instrument struck his finger and cut it. The prisoner must have thrown the weapon away before he was secured, as it was not found upon his being searched. The prisoner, who admitted that he was drunk, but said he knew nothing about the assanit, was Hatched to 21 days' imprisonment with hard labour. WESTMINSTER.— Tun Maur or COLLECTING George Ray, ( l i til b l• Ie ct;'TOLLS at O ttre CElleSleAa -1181L-IpneGribel'o—n-bi urge, spprare ftv e Mr. Paynter to an adjourned 511M111013F, charged with un law fully exacting toll there. Giih „,„ at entieu for cempleinant, Mr. Poole, 87, Westboutne-street, Pimlico, and. Mr. Davies, from the Board of Works, appeared for the defendant. Mr. Gillirm said that his client bad a post-chaise by the direction of the railway authorities of the West-end or Pimlico terminus for the convenience of a superior class of travellers. The Bridge Act specified " That all post-chaises should on their return empty be free from toll," notwith standing which the defendant had in his capncity of collectar, exacted the sum of 2d. from Mr. Poole's driver. It would be said, he had no doubt, that the carriage in question was not a " post-chsi,T," for, according to defendant's defini tion of what was a " pos!-chaise," it could not be "unless the man in charge of It wore breeches and top boots, and role the horse." Altbough Mr. Poole's man did not do this, there was nu doubt but that the vehicle for which a toll was charged was a "post-chaise." It was so considered by the Excise, who took peat-chaise duty for it. Joseph Hayden, the driver, having proved that the de fendant exacted the toll, Mr. Poole said he had stables close to the Pimlico station, and paid post-horse duty. He did not take fares as was done by cabs. lie- was told by the Excise that his was a " post-chaise." Cross-examined—Had no number on his carriage. None was required. Ho was privileged to run from the railway. He paid_duty on the I&lt July to enable him to keep a " post-chaise." There was no difference in appearance between his and a private carriage. Did not ply as a cabman without paying for a ciinnan's license. Did not stand on the rank fur hire like a cab. By Mr. Paynter —Pays El 17s. 61 per quarter duty to the Excise. Cabs pay Is. duty per day. Mr. S. T. Talbot, supeyintendent-of the West-end Rail way, said that being most anxious to get a superior class of carriage for West-Jai travellers, the complainant was pri vileged to come to the station. Such advantages were afforded the public at the Crystal' Palace, East Croydon, Brighton, and other parts on the line. Complainant's car riage did not go to the platform. If wanted, it was at hand. Witness had made inquiries at the Excise, and found complainant required another ticket or plate to be ' produced under the pest-horse regulations. He witnessed a demand made upon complainant's man for toll by the de fendant. lie (the driver) produced his license, but the toll was still demanded, on the ground that the carriage he wag driving was not a post- chaiee, as he was not riding on tits horse's hack; A Middlesex magistrate had complained of toll being taken for his post-chaise, and. when the toll-col lector found he was a magistrate he gave the incite), bael Defendant, in reply to the charge, said that errvir%yl. igh t k . .1 4 s e t . i x n t g s u t gentle man'; servant going over the bridge in s ish ayitwascomplainant's aocast-rcrhiaagiese: fcoromthpelraciuw,aa;.tiicr,:tail.ie:l2ai.l.g°ott.it"o as a c;tbnian, en'! the e hago cry much of Ins , c:. , n , t.c:. Mr. Payntpr remarked that complainant must mind he did nut take up a job on Lis acturn. Mr. Gilliam ()bier vtd that h e did take care, as he would be liable to a penalty of .E:2O. Mr. Gilliam con tended that his client was exempt, a i L e sta r ted with jobs from his stables to the stati sm , and re turned The biting was made with complainant as ie iirrl empty po,e d u pon, as, When the driver claim e d exemption job- roaster, and there wa s no probability of the t o ll- co ll ect° , ) he always produced his post-chaise lieens. , a, i enttled to ceitain part afnolt.,wifasso and the i n c l a i m i ng them. H e Mr. Paynter observed that t_h n e . question - Was wheth er te a l s l yr e g a s e 8 a , t p h o e s t c - o c m h api complainant a ed i then referred to several Acts of Parliament, and after some lengthened remarks Upon theni, gave it as his opinion that it was a post-chaise. DAnitant was fined ls. and costs. Notice of appeAl ral given by Mr. Davis.