The Sun. — London, England, 1859-10-12 00:00:00

I,s , .1 " -- ~,T . 0.U1•1414 ~ ' -. 1 4 , „,,' ,i-r•-;tos'4' ~. ~ _ • ~~ ~nitOiT `~, THE SUN. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1859. Immediately before our going to press there comes flashing to us a telegram dated Zurich this 12th of October, according to the terse wording of which we are given to understand that an European Congress may yet arise (and that very speedily) out of these protracted and apparently quite im practicable Conferences. " The Conferences" says the telegram flashed from Zurich this very forenoon "do not draw to a close." And why ? "Austria. otill refuses to diminish the debt of Lombardy to be borne by Sardinia." That obstinacy on the part of Austria is important enough in . itself—but the re fusal by Sardinia, but still more the refusal by France of any concession to it, is yet more important. " The demands of Austria," says the telegram, 'tare not only resisted by Sardinia, but do not receive the support of France which has proposed to Austria, and Piedmont to submit the disputed point to the arbitration of another Power." And that other Power ? Obviously at a glance it must be England, it can be no other of the great Powers than Eng land. "No answer," quoth the telegram, " has been received to this proposition up to the present time." No wonder : the suggestion is not calculated to be so very welcome to the Court of Vienna—and the alter native, upon a point-blank refusal of it, might be the resumption of hostilities in Northern Italy upon the close of the protracted armistice. Whether, in the event of the proposition being acceded to by Austria, the arbitration of another Power might not lead to an European Congress as inevitable, remains, of course, yet further problematical. Noting these sinister rumours now beginning to be once more and that too pretty confidently muttered about at Paris, at Turin, at Zurich, and in London—the rumours of a possible, nay of an intended absorption of Savoy by France —we could almost hope that this long talked of pro • ject of a Congress may be realized. Sardinia must not be mulcted. Italy must not be robbed . England must look to it. The maintenance of the principle of neutrality by our Government does no t mean the disgraceful abnegation by England of all • her influence in the adjustment of the sacred rights and interests of Christendom. By a fatal coincidence England, nay, the world has lost within the brief compass of a month, the two greatest among our great, Engineers It ap pears only the other morning that the remains of ISAMBARD BRUNEL was followed to his honoured and lamented grave by his sorrowing friend and almost fraternal rival ROBERT STEPHEN SON. And now the latter is gone too, having breathed his last this very afternoon. He has left behind him, however, a reputation second to none other in the splendid annals of engineer ing,. These two men, BRUNEL and STEPHEN SON, have, in testimony of their genius, as sureties of the perpetuity of their fame built up for themselves long since imperishable monuments. For ourselves alone they have died (both of them) prematurely. As for themselves their work was done, and done nobly 'by sons worthy of their sires —done in a manner worthy (it is the sum of all enlogium in their regard) worthy even of a BRUNEL and a STEPHENSON. Ambrosial zephyrs are wafting to us just now from all points of the compass rumours of Peace. This is in the midst, of course, of all kinds of war like preparations upon either side of the Channel, with a view to the steady carrying out of the Allied expedition against the recreant Chinese Government. Otherwise than in that particular direction, the accounts are almost everywhere be coming daily more and more pacific. Yet it was but very recently that war appeared inevitable upon the frontiers of Morocco—that it appeared Possible upon the shores of the little island of San Juan, between the forces of Great Britain and the United States—that it appeared imminent in the River Plate between those of Buenos Ayres and the Argentine Confederation ! We are now cordially assured, however, that under the assuag ing influence of Lord J. RUSSELL'S foreign policy, evil passions are very speedily to die out on all sides, and the clouds that were but yesterday looming on several parts of the horizon (some of them considerably bigger than a man's hand), threat ening to darken into a tempest, are swiftly and surely to be—if they are not already—scattered. Earnestly do we hope, that every one of these halcyon rumours may be verified. Heartily do we trust that Lord JOHN may approve -himself, in every instance, capable of exercising this benign glamour upon African, upon North American, and upon South American diplomacy. At this rate the noble lord, the Foreign Secretary, rather than his colleague, the Prime Minister, will deserve henceforth to be dubbed in earnest, as the noble viscount was once dubbed in jest by Lord DERBY—"Don Pacifico !" As it is the statements we are here alluding to are, as yet, no more than the bruiting about of rumours full (every one of them) of encouragement. For so much, and for no more, we accept them—but even for so much," as mere on Bits, we accept them, of course, gratefully. None will rejoice more than ourselves in their ful filment—none will more cordially commend this novel evidence of Lord JOHN'S signal genius as an universal Pacificator. As agreeable statements con fidently made, the rumours above hinted at are at the very least worthy of enumeration. Let them be accepted or not, there is no reason why they should not be particularised. One among these acceptable assurances is to the effect that, in the most amicable spirit, the noble lord her MAJESTY'S Foreign Secretary is endea vouring, with every prospect of success, to main tain peace in the River Plate, and by mere diplo matic influence to reconcile the differences long placing the Argentine Republic and Buenos Ayres in direct antagonism. Another amiable " it is said"—goes to the effect that Lord JOHN is charming into silence the thun der of the confronting guns of Spain and Morocco. Another and a still more acceptable assurance tends to allay the anxiety awakened in the hearts of all true lovers of peace, but especially of peace between England and America, by the lawless seizure of the Island of San Juan by General HAR NEY, in the name of the United States Government. It is intimated by General SCOTT, the newly appointed Commander-in-Chief from Washing `ton, who is to follow implicitly the policy marked in 1855 distinctly enough by Secretary MARCY— " according to which," says the originator of this vague, but welcome rumour, the .Daily News of this morning, "neither party is to claim exclusive rights in the disputed territory, while the question of territorial sovereignty remains undecided." Our contemporary adds, in a tone that we cannot but deem rather incomprehensible under the circum stances, " Thery is no doubt that the general mode ration and temperance of the press of both countries, all the more conspicuous for a few exceptions, has facilitated this desirable result. Nothing would have been easier, and few things would have been more wieked, than to discuss this delicate question in a manner which would have aroused passions and jealousies only to be quenched in blood." Certainly the culpability in that deplorable event—namely, in the event of an unnatural war resulting from the seizure of San Juan by General HARNEY—would have been a culpability devolving wholly and en tirely upon the United States' Government, and not to the extent of one iota upon any English news • paper that breathed in reference to that lawless act the language of a perfectly justifiable indignation. And here we would as clearly as written words can express it, insist upon the absolute necessity of San Juan being evacuated by the American soldiers and by the Yankee squatters, one and all, as a sine qua non to the pacific arrangement we are every one of us desirous of seeing carried out. Those troops and those squatters have no right whatever to be there. Their being there is an outrage to the dignity and the loyalty of England. They must be withdrawn as an essential preliminary to the settlement of the long-standing dispute as to the rights of sovereignty. Unless Lord JOHN in sists upon their being so withdrawn (as a prelimi nary), he will be acting in a manner calculated to derogate from the dignity of the British Crown and to outrage yet further the loyalty of the British Government. Another magnificent oration from the lips of Lord BROUGHAM adorns our columns this evening. It will be read far and wide with delight and admiration. It attests, in its way, quite as sig nally as the ex-Chancellor's great speech upon the genius of NEWTON, that the intellect of Lard BROUGHAM is as lustrous as ever, now that he has passed the venerable age of an octogenarian. The remarkable harangue published by us to-day is the annual address delivered by Lord BROUGHAM as founder of the National Association for the Pro motion of Social Science. Established that Asso ciation was in the year 187, under the auspices of the ex-Chancellor, and Lord BROUGHAM was himself elected President, as such occupying the chair at its first meeting held in that year of grace 1857 at Birmingham. Lord JOHN RUSSELL, it will be remembered, was chosen President, and spoke and sat and acted as President in 1858 at Liverpool. The Earl of SHAFTESBURY, elected as the President for 1859, presides in that capacity over this third meeting held for the current year at Bradford. As the founder of the Social Science Congress, however, Lord BROUGHAM an nually delivers an address to the Association. The present address is the third the noble and learned lord has contributed to the records of the Society, and the scope of it is more than ever conspicuous, the range of its subjects is more than ever extra ordinary. Earnestly do ive commend the study of this wise and eloquent Address to the consideration of every thinking member of every educated class in the community. DEATH OF .ROBERT STEPHENSON; ESQ., M•P• We deeply regret to announce the death of the eminent--civil engineer, Robert Stephenson, Esq., M.P. for Whitby, F.R.S., and F.G.S. The mournful event took place this day at a quarter past 12, at his town mansion, 34, Glouces ter-square, Hyde-park. • The Prince Toussoon Pacha, accompanied by Mr. R. H. Galloway, has left the Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone, and embarked for Boulogne on his return to Egypt. The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland have left Dunrobin Castle on a visit to the Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford at Tarbet, Ross-shire. The Marquis of Salisbury has returned to town on his way to Hatfield House, from visiting the Right Hon. Benjamin and Mrs. Disraeli at Hughendon Manor, Bucks. The Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde were to arrive at Paris to-day, from Turin. The noble marquis and marchioness intend to sojourn about a week in trrhheeFFreanrclh and capital. Countess of Hardwicke will return to London to- morrow from Sydney Lodge. On Saturday they will leave town for Wimpolo Hall, Cambridgeshire. The Earl and Countess of Airlie have arrived at Cortachy Castle, from the llighlanis. Mr. and Lady Mary Craven have left town on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Craven, at Ashdown Park, Berks. LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : ZURICH, OCT. 11. The Conferences do not draw to a close. Austria still refuses to diminish the amount of the debt of Lombardy to be borne by Sardinia. The demands of Austria are not only resisted by Sardinia, but do not receive the support of France, who has proposed to Austria and Piedmont to submit the disputed point to the arbitration of another power. No answer has been received to this proposition up to the present time. The French Government wishes the arrears of the pensions of the Monte Napoleone, and an indemnity for the cost of the late war, to be included in the settlement of the debt which will have to be paid by Austria and Piedmont. The Paris correspoudent of the Times (second edition) says,— " I have received a piece of intelligence of so singular and important a nature that I should hesitate to communicate it to you for publication had I not great confidence in the opportunities and veracity of my informant. It is to the effect that -the French Government proposes to claim from Piedmont the expenses it incurred in the late war with Austria. We are somewhat accustomed to unexpected and startling acts on the part of the present Government of France, and also to hear strange things predicated as likely to be done by ,it; we have heard people talk of in vasion of England, of a march upon the Rhine, of the establishment of French Imperial scions in Italian kingdoms—of a host of things, in short, more or less probable or improbable, but to me, at least, it has not occurred to hear any body suggest the probability of France demand ing from Piedmont payment for her late ser vices to Italy. Such, however, I have strong reason to believe, is the Emperor's intention ; and, perhaps, if we do not confine ourselves too strictly to the bare fact, but look at the matter from another point of view, we may find the project nearly identical with one that was long attributed to him. Nothwithstan ding her recent ac quisition of a rich province, Piedmont is in no posi tion to meet the various heavy pecuniary claims made upon her. In the first place, Austria demands from her late antagonist 400,000,000 francs, and, although this is likely to be ultimately much re duced—probably to 250,000,000, or thereabouts — it will still be a severe pull on Sardinian resources. France claims a handsome sum as indemnity for the unpaid pensions charged on the Lombardo- Venetian Monte fund, for the benefit of certain dignitaries of the First Empire—pensions which have not been paid since 1815. A portion of this sum is claimed from Austria; the remaining and larger part is-to fall on Piedmont, who seems expected to pay on all sides, to allies as well as to enemies. Now, it is no news to anybody that the Piedmontese finances are in anything but a flourishing condition; that the revenue has there long been exceeded by the expenditure, that frequent loins have been con tracted, and that the late war has occasioned a further great increase in the burdens of the trea sury. Lombardy, certainly a rich addition to the dominions of the House of Savoy, has burdens of her own, and, moreover, her provinces are by no means in a uniformly flourishing state, nearly all of them having suffered for some years past from tke vine disease and the degeneracy of the silk worm— Much more than from the Austrian misrule ; to which the Lombards were fond of attibuting all heir ills and losses—while some, the Valteline for instance, have been completely impoverished and ruined by the same causes. All these circumstances considered, does it not appear highly probable that, if France makes a claim upon Piedmont for the expenses she incurred by the late war—a claim which, if all those expenses are to be paid, can hardly amount to less than 300,000,000 f. or 400,000,000 f. Piedmont may think that the best, if not the only feasible, way of acquitting herself will be to cede the provinces of Savoy and Nice ? Notwithstanding all that may have been said and written to the con trary, I asstire you most positively—as I have clone before when writing from Italy—that there was question of such cession early in the present year. The Piedmontese Government concealed the project as much as possible ; it felt that it was an ungra cious, not to say an odious, act to make over to another Power—no matter to what Power or for what consideration—a loyal and faithful province, the cradle of the House of Savoy, to which its in habitants had ever been warmly attached subjects, and had furnished its best soldiers. But when Count Cavour was pressed home upon the subject on two different occasions, once by a distinguished Savoyard nobleman and deputy, and again by a deputation from that province, which had occasion to see him on, if I rightly recollect, business of another nature, and which availed of the opportunity to question him concerning the foun dation of the reports then current ; on both those occasions, I say, the Sardinian Premier was unable to deny the imputed project, but qualified it by saying that it would be left to the option of the pro vinces referred to to remain with Piedmont or to be transferred to France. When the idea was first bruited, the people of Savoy showed themselves wounded and resentful at the thought of having their old and staunch allegiance thus cheaply held, and indeed rejected. The unexpected termination of the war by the convention of Villafranca, so bitterly distasteful to Piedmont and to the Italians gene rally, made a change, we may naturally suppose, in the intentions of the Sardinian Government, and that which it would have been willing to cede for the possession of Lombardo-Venetia was too much to give up for the insecure tenure of little more than half the territory—and that half continually menaced by a formidable line of Austrian fortresses. We have since seen Savoyard papers checked and punished for advocating annexation to France. The French Government, too, has caused its organs of publicity repeatedly to protest against its supposed intention of aggrandisin g France as a result of her interference in Italy. If certainly has not declared that it would not demand war expenses from Pied mont, but nobody ever suspected it of meaning thus to annul the claim to generosity, disinterestedness, and magnanimity which has been so loudly put for ward here and so largely recognized in Italy. That there is an existing intention of making the pecuniary demand I have already told you that my information leaves me little doubt. If it be made with a view of obtaining, instead of the money, the provinces of Savoy and Nice, the world will pro bably say that it is but a clumsy means of attaining a renounced object, and no one will be deceived by he circuitous path adopted." PARIS, WEDNESDAY. The Emperor, in reply to the speech of the Cardinal Archbishop of Bordeaux, part of which alluded to the temporal power of the Pope, thanked his Eminence for having understood the high mis sion of the Emperor, by endeavouring to strengthen the confidence in his good intentions rather than spread needless alarms. The Emperor expressed his hope that a new era of glory will rise for the Church on the day when every one will share his conviction that the tem poral power of the Pope is not opposed to the liberty and independence of Italy. His Majesty further said that the Government which Was the means of restoring the Holy Father to the Pontifical throne, would only give utterance to such respectful counsels as were dictated by sincere devotedness to the interests of his Holiness ; but his Majesty cannot but be alarmed about the day, which is not far distant, when Rome will be evacuated by our troops. For Europe will not allow that the occupation of Rome by the French troops, which has lasted for 10 years, should be prolonged indefinitely. Wben our army shall be withdrawn, what wilt it leave behind ? Anarchy, terror, or BENSON'S WATCHES. " Perfection of mechanism." —Morning Post. Gold Watches 4 to 100 guineas. Silver Watches 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. Under the management of Miss L. Pyneand Mr.W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, DINO RA H. Messrs. Santley, H. Corti, St. Albyn, and W. Harrison. Misses Pilling, Thirl wall, and Miss Louisa Pyne. Conductor, Alfred Mellon. - —• DIVERTISSEMENT. Mdlles. Lequine, Pasquale, Pier ron, and Mons. Vandris. Commence at 8 o'clock. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. TUTS EVENING the performances will commence with AN UNEQUAL MATCH. Miss Amy Sedgwick. After which, a new Farce, entitled THE RIFLE, AND HOW TO USE IT. Messrs. Buckstone, Compton, Rogers, Mrs. B. White, Hr 4. Wilkins, and Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam. And HALLOWE'EN. - Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with LOVE I 'S TELEGRAPH. To be followed by a dramatic tableau in Watteau colours, by J. R. Planche, Esq., entitled LOVE AND FORTUNE. To conclude with THE TWO POLTS. NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, AD ELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Open for the Winter Season. THIS EVENING will be performed ICI ON FABLE FRANCAIS. Messrs. J. L. Toble, Chas Selby, and Miss Kelly. After which, THE WILLOW COPSE. Luke, Mr. Ben. Webster ; Hulks, Mr. David Fisher ; Augustus, Mr. J. L. Toole ; Staggers, Mr. Paul Bedford. Followed by LOVE AND HUNGER. Mr. David Fisher, Mr. Pant Bedford, C. Selby, C. J. Smith, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Laidlaw. • -------- - Doors open at hall-past six—Commence at seven. Box- Cffice open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats, nor ler bills of "performance. All fees to servants of this establishment are strictly prohibited. Acting, Manager—Mr. Win. Smith. ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and West minster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passen gers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING, THE WIDOW'S WEDDING. After which the successful Ballet Farce, by John Oxen ord, Esq., entitled MAGIC TOYS, support .:113y Miss Lydia Thompson, Miss Clara St. Casse, and a numerous Corps de Ballet. To conclude with the New and Original Burlesque, by L. Buckingham, Esq., of VIRGINIUS ; or the Trials of a Fond Papa, in which Messrs. C. Young, Barrett, A. Denial, Francis; Mesdames Frank Matthews, Clara St. Casse, Eliza Arden, C. Ranoe, Lydia Thompson, and a numerous Corps de Ballet will appear. Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, Is. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at hall—past six; perform ance commences at 7. It o YAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swallborough THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN EGGS. After which THE GREAT RUSSIAN BEAR; or, An other Retreat from Moscow. And CAUGHT BY THE EARS. Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. Commence at 7 o'clock. CANTERBURY - EVERY EVENING.—The nusic of Verdi's Opera of MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con- Serfs), the extraorAnary Violin Performances of the cele- Lrated Infant DELEPIERRII FAMILY, and the usual Vocal Conceit. Comic Vocalists -Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchfleld, and E. W. Mackney. Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified, and constitute one of the moat unique and brilliant sights of the metropolis. Will shortly be produced, a Grand Selection from Meyer beer's new opera of DINORAH. THE WEATHER.—SUN Omen, Ocronan 12. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 60—highest since noon yesterday. 56—lowest this morning and during the night. 61—this day at noon. BARomETER-29.70. WIND, N.E . ; light, with dull cloudy weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, lh. 55m.—Afternoon, 2h. 10m. To-Monnow-Morning, 2h. 25m.- 7 Afternoon, 2h. 41m. TILE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY _EVENING, OCTOBER 12, 1859 peace ? These are the questions, the importance of which cannot escape any one. At the same time, in order to resolve these ques tions, it is necessary, instead of appealing to the ar dent passions of the people, to seam?i with calmness for the truth, to pray to Providence to enlighten the people as well as the sovereigns upon the wise ful filment of their rights, and that they may well understand their duties. PARIS, OCT. 12. Lord Cowley and Count Kisseteff dined yester day with Count Walewski at Etiolles. The Russian Ambassador will leave on Saturday :or Warsaw after having had an. interview with the Emperor. Letters received from Madrid state that the Em peror of Morroco had ratified the arrangements concerning the frontier line of Metilla, and had ex pressed his readiness to give to Spain all the satis faction she demanded. The Prince and Princess Metternich had arrived in Paris. TURIN, OCT. 12. Letters received from Rome state that his Holi ness the Pope will - have an interview at Castel Goudolfs with the King of Naples. It is asserted that his Holiness will prolong his stay at Castel Goudolfs on account of the agitation reigning in Rome. TURIN, OCT. 11. The Dictator Farini left for Parma yesterday, in order to see that signal justice was administered for the murder of Count Anviti. The King has returned to Turin, and will leave for Genoa on Saturday, to receive the Dowager Em- press of Russia. BOLOGNA, OCT. 11. The municipal elections have terminated in a riumphal success for the Liberal candidates. INDIA AND CHINA. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office, being the first messages for warded by his newly-established special service between England and the East : CALCUTTA, SEPT. 16. A large public meeting had been held, to petition Parliament for an inquiry into the affairs of India on the spot. Exchange on London 2s. Id. to 2s. id. Freights flat. MADRAS, SEPT. 16. The Governor-General will proceed on a tour hrough the North-West Provinces and the Pun aub next month. The bill for substituting an income-tax for the license-tax on trades and professions had been severely criticised by the legal members of the Council, and the clause exempting civil and mili tary officers from the payment of this tax had been rejected, and they are to pay three per cent. on their incomes. The Government of Bengal has ratified the corn. mutation of the land-tax. The Madras Government has appointed officers to explore the Sdill (? Hill) regions, to report on their adaptability for European colonists and mili tary, and to make a sanitary report on the nature of the country. A commercial order, allowing interest to be paid in England on certain loans, has been extended to all securities. The Five and a Half per Cent. Loan is at .51 discount, Fives 11k, and Fours 241. Exchange on London, six months' documents, 2s. ld. to 2s. ltd. ; Bank Bills, 2s. Oad. Imports.—A fair business had been done during the past fortnight. For mule twist steady prices prevailed. Shirtings a fair inquiry, and the,,prices had been maintained. E x ports.—Cotton, nothing doing. I n di go d e mand improvingo;no stock of g oo d s ; m iddli ng an d com mon, moderate supply. Sugar dull and declining, Prices, 27 rupees to 31 rupees 12 annas per candy. Bice, from 4 rupees 5 annas to 4 rupees 13 annas per bag. Oilseed less demand, and prices declin ing. Freights depressed. Tonnage abundant. No departures for England. CEYLON, SEPT. 17. The Governor was defeated by a large majority in the Council on the railway question. Freights lower. Import trade dull. Yarn in good request, at better prices. (By the Red Sea and India Telegraph Company.) MR. GISBORNE TO C. L. PEEL, ESQ. ADEN TELEGRAPH OFFICE, Oct. 1. The Bentinck, from Calcutta, arrived this morning. The bill taxing trades and professions has passed its second reading, and been referred to a select committee. The Chamber of Commerce and other bodies have petitioned against it. An act has been passed enabling the Govern. General to leave Calcutta for the North-West re• taining full powers, for seven months. The clause in the Criminal Procedure Bill ran. dering Europeans liable to preliminary investiga• Lion before native magistrates, has been success• fully resisted. The rebels on the Nepaul frontier is still trou. blesome. Some of the discharged Europeans have already sailed for Calcutta. The behaviour of all, except the sth Regiment (still at Berhampore), has been good. Exchange on London, six months, Light 2s. 01,d. Five and a Half per Cent. Loan from 51 to 51 discount. The correspondent of the Madras Athenceum at Calcutta had telegraphed to Madras that Lord Canning had been relieved, and that Lord Claren don was to succeed him. There is no news from China to the 10th August. The Peiho and Grand Canal are blockaded by the British and French ships of war. Captain Vansit tart, of the Magicienne, died on the 17th July. Admiral Hope is in a precarious state, and will have to be invalided, The American Minister was still negotiating about proceeding to Pekin. Ching King Kang, the celebrated leader of the rebels has been killed by his own people. PIEDMONT. The Tuscan Monitore Of the Bth is headed with the arms of Savoy. The Opinione of Turin, in speaking of the Peace Conference at Zurich, says :—" From an official notice which appeared in the Vienna journals of the Ist, in which reprisals against Piedmont are an nounced, because the Sardinian Government had performed acts of sovereignty in certain districts of Mantua and Verona, which are to remain in the hands of Austria according to the preliminaries of Villafranca, we have reason to suppose that the conclusion of peace and consequent delimitation of the frontiers is not so near at hand as the rumours about the Zurich Conference would lead us to think. In that communication, Austria declares that she will cause the taxes to be collected in her own name in those parts of the provinces of Brescia and Mantua which she occupies with her troops, and which are comprised in the cession to Pied mont. That declaration is remarkable, because it seems to reveal to us that a a part of the province of Mantua, now occupied by Austria, is to be given up to Piedmont, as well as the five communes of the district of Gargnano, in the province of Brescia. On the other hand, the Sardinian Go vernment has ordered the interest of the public loan laid on the Lombardo-Venetian Monte to be paid to Lombard holders, and this corroborates the supposition that Piedmont really takes that part of the debt upon herself. Others also assert that Piedmont takes upon herself, at the charge of the new provinces, the quota of the Austrian loan of 1854 belonging thereto. We believe these to be the only matters, except a few details of secondary importance, that will be settled at Zurich." FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY. The Univers has received an avertissement for an article which appeared in its impression on Satur day upon affairs in Cochin China. BOURSE, Oct. 11.—The market has been dull, but prices have not much varied. Threes have been done at 69f. 45c. and are now at 69f. 55c Mobilier varied from 812 f. 50e 4 to 815 f. ; Austrian, 548 f. 75c. to 550 f. ; Lombard, 552 f. 50c. to 553€. 75c. ; Lyons, 907 f. 50c. to 910 f. ; Orleans, 1,365 f. to 1,367 f. 50c. The following were the last quo tations : 41 per Cants. .... 95 I Credit Foncier 690 Do. end month .. -- I Belgian 41 — 3 per Cents 69 60 I Piedmontese (5) .. 85 50 Do. end month 69 55 i Roman B6 Bank Shares Credit Mobilier .. 815 Spanish Threes Do. Account ..... 813 75 Home Debt 43f RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern 930 .. 930 New ditto. — .. 822 50 Lyons and Mediterranean. 9lB 75 .. 908 75 Geneva 540 .. Southern Western 560 .. 562 50 Eastern Sardinian 413 75 .. Austrian Lombard . Exchange on. London, at sight, paper, 25f. 121 c. ; money 25f 11c.; three months, paper, 24f. 971 c.; money, 24f. 95c. .. 548 75 MOROCCO AND SPAIN. A Paris letter in the Independance of Brussels says :--4 An arrangement has, it is said, been come to between Morocco and Spain through the media tion of the English charge-d'affaires. As might naturally be supposed, England has done every thing in her power to prevent a collision taking place between the two Powers so close to Gibral tar. The new Emperor authorises Spain to resume her old frontiers on his coast, and in the meantime has taken on himself to punish the pirates of the Riff, an operation which cannot however be carried into effect until the Moorish Sovereign has got over the embarrassments which have been raised in the interior of the empire." AUSTRIA. A Vienna letter of the Bth says :—" The dignitaries of the Roman Catholic Church in Austria are not disposed to be outdone by the French bishops, as Cardinal Rancher, Archbishop of Vienna, has taken the initiative, by addressing to all the bishops of his diocese a pastoral letter, to be read in all the churches of his diocese. The pre late describes in the darkest colours the scenes of desolation and disorder which he declares can now be witnessed in Romagna, and the avowed object of which, he asserts, is to despoil the Holy Father of the patrimony of the Apostles. The clergy are di rected to offer up public prayers in all the churches to implore the Divine protection for the Sovereign Pontiff, and for the integral preservation, without separation of the temporal power transmitted to him by his predecessors. The Archbishops of Prague and of Hungary, and all the other princes of the Austrian Church, will no doubt follow the example thus given." AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, OCT. 12. The steamship Nova Scotian has arrived with the Canadian mails of the Ist inst. Thz, Asia had arrived at New York. The Quebec tiMber-market exhibited less firm ness, some rafts having changed hands at prices varying from Id. to id. cheaper than they were a month p reviously. The Grand Trunk Railway traffic returns for the week ending Sept. 17 was 51,396 dols. 6c., against 41,133 dols. 17c. for the same period last year. At New York on the 27th sterling exchange was 1101: Stocks had a declining tendency. Money active. Flour firmer. - - A despatch from Washington says : " An important point in the differences between us and Great Britain concerning the north-western boundary.line lies in the representations of our officials, civil and military, from the region of the disputed territory, to the effect that while the United States' Commissioner was instructed gene rally to run the line according to the treaty, the British Commissioner was under instructions from his Government as to where the line should be run. Information from various sources as to the views of the Administration lead me to believe that they do not intend to be responsible for any act that shall compromise our claim to the Island of San Juan." (BY TELEGRAPII, VIA FATHER POINT.) NEW YORK, OCT. 1, EVENING. The steamer Hungarian, from Liverpool, passed Father Point at three o'clock this morning, and her advices were forthwith. telegraphed to and pub• lished in, this city. The steamer Glasgow, from Glasgow, arrived here to-day ; likewise the Circassian, from Glasgow, via Newfoundland. The steamers Borussia and New York sailed to day for Southampton ; the former with 860,000 dols. in specie, and the latter with 106,000 dols. Cotton market heavy, and business light. Midland Uplands quoted at 111 c. Flour dull and heavy, at 10e. per barrel lower. Wheat is dull and drooping. Indian corn buoyant ; beef trifle lower ; pork dull ; freights steady. Cotton taken for Liverpool at d. ; spirits of turpentine steady ; other articles generally unchanged. NEw ORLEANS, Sept. 30, Evening.—Cotton un altered ; sales for the week, 42,000 bales ; receipts for the week, 46,000 bales, against 44,000 in corre sponding week last year. Freights—Liverpool, 9-16 d. Advices from Brownville, Texas, say yellow fever is raging there and for thirty miles above. Havana dates are to 27th Sept. Stock of sugar there was 170,000 boxes, and buyers were demand ing reduction in price. Freights improving. Ex change on London dull, 141 to 151 prem. Mobile, Sept. 30—Cotton sales for week, 12,500 bales steady prices. Middling, 101 to 10,1. Savannah, Sept 30—Cotton declined Ic. ; strict middling, 11c. THE PENINSULAR MAIL. SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY NIGHT. - - The steamship Ellora, Captain Christian, with the usual Peninsular mail, arrived this evening, at six o'clock. Her dates of sailing were :—Lisbon, Oct. 7, and Vigo, Oct. 8. The Ellen experienced strong S.W. winds, with heavy squalls, between Lisbon and Vigo, owing to which she did not communicate with Oporto. Since leaving Vigo, experienced strong N.E. winds across the Bay, and squally weather, with very heavy rain. Ships of War at Lisbon—Vasce do Gama, 84 ; Pedro Numes; 16, brig; Mendola, 20, steamer; Estafania, 20, steamer; and the usual Portuguese fleet. Lisbon exchange on Lendon, 539, E STRlKE.—Within the Last few days there from fresh steps t a k en b y th e work seemed some prospect, men, that the long-pending - differences between the masters and the operative; engaged in the buil ling trade were ap proaching to at least a partial termination ; for, though cer tain proposals put forward by Mr. Ay r t on, M . P ., on behalf of the bricklayers, carpenters, plasterers, &c., proved abortive, the result of an interview between a deputation from the masons and the Central Association was calcu lated to affozd some hope that between these parties a re conciliation might soon be effected. Unfortunately this expectation has not been realised and the breach still con tinues as wide as ever it was. ENTERTAINMENTS FOR THE WORK ING CL A SSES. A crowded meeting was held at the Shire Hall on Wednesday evening, for the purpose of inaugu rating a series of entertainments for the working classes. The meeting had been convened by the Rev. J. C. Cane, of the Collegiate School, who pro poses entertainments of a mixed character, com prising vocal and instrumental music, and readings from books, to which the working classes are to be admitted at a low charge. The assembly room, in which the meeting was held was filled in every part, and many could not obtain admission. The amateur band, which performed a selection of music during the evening, occupied a raised plat form, in the rear of the place set apart for the speakers. The room was ornamented with the busts of eminent composers, flowers in vases, and flags suspended from the walls. About 400 per sons were present. The chair was taken by the Right Hon. W. Cowper, M.P., and on and near the speaker's platform, were—Lord Raynham, M.P., Captain Seymour, Mr. and Mrs. R. Dims dale, the Hon. and Rev. G. Hastings. The CHAIRMAN said the purpose of the present meeting was to inaugurate a series of popular en tertainments to be provided for the amusement and recreation of the inhabitants of Hertford. He must, however, guard them against supposing that the proceedings of that evening were to be one of the sources of amusement. Those proceedings would bear the same relation to the amusing evenings which were to follow, that the preface or introduc tion bear to an amusing book. In reading such a preface, people did not expect to be much amused, but they read it for the purpose of ascertaining haw they were to be more amused when they should read the remainder of the book ; and that evening they were to talk about the way in which they proposed to provide amusement for the people on subsequent evenings. To those who had never fully considered the subject, it might appear an easy matter to provide proper rational and innocent amusement for the people, but it was not so. It was not an easy matter to amuse one's-self, and still less easy was it to provide amusement for a whole town. When one goes out for a holiday, and fancies he is going to be very much amused, he is likely to be greatly disappointed if he has not laid his plans very skilfully. People generally made the most amusing expeditions when they crossed the Chan nel and went to the Continent. There they found that public amusements were more general than in this country. In Germany the father of a family took his whole family out with him and went to some public garden in the suburbs of his town, and sat there drinking and smoking : and, being sur rounded by other families, arid having plenty of beer and tobacco, they were very sociable, comfort able, and happy. The beer being drunk, the fiddle struck up, and the whole population of the town' set to work dancing. In the Tyrol, all classes of the people, rich and poor, united in the public dancing, and any person who did not join in the dance was considered very sullen and unsoci able. But in this country dancing was not so popular as a source of amusement. He knew very few persons who loved dancing for its own sake, but it was generally regarded more as a means of bring ing people together and enabling them to make acquaintanoes, than as a source of amusement. Cer tainly the dancing generally provided for the work ing classes was not of a character to be approved and recommended; and in the arrangements made for the amusement of the people of Hertford by the series of popular entertainments proposad to be given, it was not intended to introduce dancing. Another great source of amusement on the Conti nent—particularly in France—was theatricals. The tradespeople in France went to the theatres as a matter of course ; in fact, it was a part of their daily occupation. In this country many persons objected to theatricals; and certainly they were a source of amusement particularly open to abuse. But when he saw several gentlemen present whom he had had the pleasure of seeing tread the stage in Hertford, and recollected how creditably thea tricals had been conducted by the amateurs here, he thought that man would be rash who denounced theatricals altogether, and denied that they might be made a means of affording rational and innocent recreation. But the stage was undoubtedly open to abuses, and it must be deplored that in this country the theatre did not always appeal to the higher na ture of man, but too often ministered only to the gratification of his lower passions. Then there was music. The love of music was almost universal. He had known some persons who unfortunately were born with ears so dull that music was to them a noise merely—not positively disagreeable, and that. was all. But with these rare exceptions, everybody took a great interest in music. An old poet said, " Music hath charms to soothe the savage breast." Certainly it had a great tendency to refine, to har monise., and soften the character. It was also exhi larating and exciting. They knew the effect pro duced by it on the field of battle, and how it gave life and spirit to every festive meeting. Music had been prescribed by act of Parliament on the occa sions of popular elections. He for one was sorry for that, and when people were good enough to break the law on such occasions, by providing a well trained band, he was glad of it. Music had this among its other advantages—that it was of no politics. (Laughter.) A trumpet blown from a Blue mouth was pleasing and palatable to an Orange ear—(laughter and cheers)—and when " See the Conquering Hero comes" was played, the conquer ing hero took it to himself—whether it came from the band of his own colour or from that of the other side. (Cheers.) Many researches had been made into the origin of " God Save the Queen," and he believed the most authentic story was that that national anthem was invented by the Jacobites to glorify James the Second ; but though it was in tended to help the cause of the Pretender, it was quietly appropriated by the House of Hanover. (Laughter.) It came, then, to this—that music was one of the sources from whence they might best hope to derive amusement which would be univer sally acceptable, and against which no objection could be made. (Hear, hear.) The gentlemen be hind him who had_ just given a sample of their musical capabilities proposed to gratify the inha bitants by a series of performances, and he was sure that he expressed the feelings of all present when he said they were much obliged to them for their kindness. (Cheers.) But Mr. Cane, who had origi nated the movement, wished to combine musical performances with literary readings. It was pro posed that there should be public readings out of well-chosen works by celebrated authors, and that was a plan which had been found to answer well in many places where it had been tried. About the time when Richardson's " Pamela,' v pub lished, the inhabitants of a v ill age in \Bauscking hamshire were accustom e d to assemble in gienssi-a; blacksmith's shop on winter' s evenings fe and to enjoy the glow of th e fire. On - h one occasion it was suggested that " Pamela"h s e bouedkb wase read aloud • and this was agre e d t o. The book was occu pied ob tained, and it being a large book, audience t the followedpie d in gettingwwith ithroughintense interest it. The winter the vlaglee fortunes of when, on apprehen s i ons of conclusion,hero and the th ey heroine, found an that d on coming t o th e disaster and misfortune were overcome, and that the hero and the heroine actually came together and got married, the whole popul a ti on gave three ' hearty cheers, and having obtained the keys of th e palish church, they r ung a merry peal in honour of the hero and heroine of the novel. This showed intohow throwapfieocptileenmwighhetuitNv as theirread twhole heart and soul geotthseumch. cHonetdiniduonuost expect they were going to get get i readings reading here; but they mi g ht r e s e e hadnt meenvdeemaaveseo into resting resting and exciting. to point out the object of t .w he a p s worthy of the most attentiveobject which,,d commended it self to every kind heartq per son. If the matter were taken p d e e r d ati zealously, and if the heartyru judici ously, and tohfisthpeetwiohdoldeattoewn were secured,. they might from a very successful attempt t o pro vide an agreeable and useful recr ea ti on f or all who After T needed he ie v ittai musical the c. to ci w eA n tNeEr of u h d a H ev e ,i r n t g fo a rd dd . re(sCsehdeea few rs.) ob servationsm r. R . D to o m s t A e EE then meeting, a meeting. H e ddressedth e said, about th ree months ago, in common with many of the gen tl emen then present, he had great pleasure in taking part in the proceedings connected with the removal of the Free Public Library to the Corn Exchange, and he remembered that one or two remarks were made on that occasion which seemed to open up a good prospect for the future, show ing that they might look forward to s ome ot h er useful and beneficial institutions springi ng out of the free lib rary . T he prospectletter which h a d j ust had be en aga i n bberoenugrhetadtofrtohmeirsnir M. notice by the Farquhar. fthe musical He reme m b ere d Sir Minto givi ng an account o enter tainments which h a d been provided ott for th e wor ki ng classes in the Staffordshire potteries vmeeting, givinghe had a had the accountthe o the pleasure erioroesf ;and sin ce th at igm and p rogress reading a littl e of that movem en t. It b egun in the tow town of Hanley, and soon extend e d t o 18 other In the fir s t session it appe are d no l ess than 17,0n050 I persons were attracted to the concert rooms in Hanley ; and, as an evidence of the indirect influence i of those musi• cal concerts, it was stated that no mu sical saloons—attached to public ess than 20 houses,.. and where dancing was carried on in a manner be approved —were closed during the which could not e second session. That circumstance furnished another the good and the evil were put in a str • proof that, if manner before the people, in the straightforward always prevail. (Cheers.) end the good would Those concerts were in augurated by the master manufacturers in the neighbourhood, who stated that as education was largely extending, they felt that, as a correlative of education, they must provide some amusement for the working classes. The fact was, there was a mu sical side to a man's nature, and if a proper musical vent was not provided for it, it would take- a wrong direction ; and the master manufacturers of the Staffordshire potteries acted wisely in providing that musical vent. The great difficulty to be con tended with in all large places was, what the young men were to do in the evening. If they were obliged to live in bad and comfortless cottages, as a large number of them were at the present time, and if no place was provided for them to spend their evenings in a profitable and agreeable manner, they would almost inevitably go to the public house. He was glad that musical entertainments were now to be provided for the young men of Hertford; and he was glad to find that, in connection with those musi cal entertainments, there was to be something of a literary kind to amuse and edify. With regard to public readings, he could add his voice to what had. been said on that subject by Mr. Cowper. During the past year he had had the pleasure of hearing Mr. Charles Dickens read his " Christmas Carol," and he was convinced that the full meaning and beauty of some books could not be conveyed to the public mind except by an effective public reading. But when he spoke of the advantage of public readings, he must tell them that it was very im portant that they should have competent persons to give the readings. He believed it was more difficult to read well and effectively in public than to speak so. They must, then, be prepared for a considerable outlay of money in obtaining the services of competent public readers. He hoped they would be able to induce Mr. Charles Dickens or Mr. Thackeray to come down and give them a reading. (Cheers.) He would venture to suggest how he thought they might improve on the plan laid down by Mr. Cane. If in addition to the public readings and musical concerts they were to have popular lectures in connection with the Free Library—for the Free Library must be the centre of all these movements—he believed great advantage would arise from them. He had had some experience in reference to the subject of lec tures, and he must say he was not particularly fond of amateur lecturers. Lord Stanley stated on one oc casion that "amateur lecturers oftener succeeded in feeding their owe vanity than in enlightening their audience." (Laughter.) That was somewhat cyni cal, but there might be some truth in it. The So ciety of Arts had a large staff of paid lecturers who were sent to different parts of the country, and if they could succeed in getting a series of seven or eight lectures on one subject from one of the society's lecturers, it would be beneficial. The people would be induced to study the subject, and to make themselves better •acquainted with it, and they would be very much more benefited than they could be by listening to single lectures on various subjects given by unpractised hands. At the same time he did not object to occasional amateur lectures, and he had the honour of being acquainted with a good many gentlemen connected with newspapers and with the literary world, who he had no doubt would come down and lend assistance in carrying out such a scheme for the benefit of the young men of Hert ford. When the free library was first established, one of the great things he expected from it was that it would be the parent of other beneficial in stitutions—that it would be the centre of every intellectual movement for the benefit of the people of Hertford ; and there seemed to be a prospect of his expectations being realised. He had an oppor tunity of going over the free library the other day, and he was particularly interested in finding that the number of novel readers was decreasing, and the number of readers of history and biography was increasing. Exactly the same result was the ease at Liverpool. There, when the free library was first opened, there were 52 per cent. novel readers, but now there were only 34 per cent. ; while the readers of history and biography had in creased from 26 to 40 per cent. Canning once said there was nothing so fallacious as facts, except figures ; but another great man said whenever he wished to mystify his audience, he always stuck to principles, because they could be stretched to any' thing, whereas facts were stubborn things which could not be got over. He must say that when he found exactly the same result. at Liverpool and at Hertford—that at the opening of the free library there was a large proportion of novel readers, but that afterwards, when the taste got cloyed and satiated deb w aaavtrnshshe i a t iroeryph l ynrreee n emwwpt ovel reading, there was an increased number of readers of more solid and useful works, it was a fact which must be considered very satis factory. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the books •in the public library, if he might be allowed to venture a criticism, he should say that the works on divinity were not sufficiently numerous. They should cultivate the imagination and the intellect, for tderrgFis w h nuehro e dner s yotetrl e ldh:ove w Lamfwewti e re the gifts of God to man, and it was the ow a oi aattnrahshwaste:thoroso conversing something make e k rjttashe e ohifeenit t tnea h grign : woa b itlsci ehlthoshentet another . o. better,e f y l av( must d a e tat ( Hear, that t d e thah remem berra d) tecnot into o o t a n h tel w hru edd i t ea h .vy the rreAee_ marked to him that people veent dnthe i s 1 Library rsatye,,n ae yn and that e n t dh their e e is a a ro d mree tal g dd o inn o ag d wdaaedsadl wanted but nagnt et that in a tt a o g_ veryi v ei desultoryttcon'l; good would be done until a system of classes was e fltwdri s nrooe t anmr a is teenhs ge h tnA e ob d r hl t his i shut of fdr c yojE,nn England g u ge n eloea e ng t nn i rd o ea n xpeih r o ayn i shelays and htfdhoe for e the hth r he e e se e r e Lay' ssitu i nu b hsd r ityei r teuOtof s. He establishmentconsidered oof s umeuhe classesgood amtigHhetrrtfeosruall for by such means they might carry on a system of adult instruction, which was very important in these days of competition when the Civil Service appoint ments and the Indian appointments were all thrown o t h p e e r n e t w o a t s h e an world o he in m tro ig d h u t ce as a k the Publi c Library, a Ha ds e hh w eo a oh s op p fe l pleas ae that g d a tnt before e f hear e re attached l t e h nt a go t excellent t A h f e t y e r ciple represe n t e d b instruction on a variety of what regular w systemof h eg reat woulda l, yof subje c t s . (H e a r , hear.) classesprifnor y this movement ? It was this —sympathy between the upper and lower classes. (Cheers.) Both classes were beginning to feel more their re s p o nsibility and t their lmutual dependence, and they were beginning to seek the aid of each other in working out the principle of our common Christianity. (Hear, hear.) An affecting event which took place some years ago impressed the ne cessity of this on his mind more than anything else. He alluded to the death of one of the most excellent Judges who ever sat on the bench— . Mr. Justice Talfourd, who died suddenly while ad dressing to a grand jury words which ought to be inscribed in letters of gold. The words which he uttered just before he expired were these :—"I cannot help thinking that the peculiar aspect of crime in the cases before us is in no small degree attri butable to that separation between class and class, which is the great curse of British society, and for which we are all more or less, in our respective spheres, in some degree responsible. We keep too much aloof from those beneath us : hence their somewhat natural prejudices are left unmitigated. and we become objects only of their suspicion and dislike. Even towards our domestic servants we are too apt to think our whole duty fulfilled when the contract between us is performed, when we have paid them their wages, and especially if, fur ther, we have curbed our temper, and used no vio lent expressions towards them, but even treated them with the civility consistent with our habits and feelings. How painful is the thought, that there are men and women growing up around US, ministering to our comforts and necessities, with whose affections and nature we are as much ac quainted as if they were inhabitants of some other sphere. This reserve, peculiar to the English cha racter, greatly tends to prevent that reciprocation of kind words, gracious admonitions, friendly in quiries, the gentle affections, which more than any book education culture the heart, while they refine and elevate the character of those to whom they are addressed. If I were asked what is the great want of English society, to mingle class with class, I would reply in one word—Sympathy." If they carried home with them those words and acted on them in their public and private conduct, they would not have been engaged that night in a use less movement, but would have done much to pro mote the moral and social improvement of the people of Hertford. (Cheers.) Several others having addressed the meeting, the proceedings terminated.—Hertford Mercury. --- LORD RADSTOCK AND MR. DANA.—I see that Mr. Dana, of our city, h as b een writing a letter on the wrong side of the Ballot question, to Lord Radstock. That Mr. Dana should occupy the position he ever has on this subject, and that he should write such a letter does net surprise us, w h o k now his surroundings and his antece dents. But I think we can furnish you with any amount of testimony from as high authority as Mr. Dana on the other side. That the secret Ballot did answer a good pur pose at the time, that it did correct abuses of a radical character, we know. Your correspondent resided at that time (1851) in Lowell, which has been denominated the " Manchester of America," and he is well convinced that the Sec re t B a ll ot Act was hailed with joy by many, whose relations to others were such that open voting was a dan gerous thing in several respects. It is easy to explain why the secret Ballot has to a considerable extent fallen into disuse. As to the Ballot itself, Mr. Cobden is right in his statement that not a dozen men in our States would aban don tie system v e haw, for the manner of voting in your country. As to the Ballot being an " American idea," it would seem as if great, noble England should not be afraid of it on that account. We get so many beautiful and noble things from you, that we can hardly understand why your people should be afraid or ashamed to adopt anything good we may have about us. As for us, we regard the Ballot as one of our greatest political blessings.—American Cor respondent of the Freeman (Baptist) newspaper,