The Sun. — London, England, 1860-05-21 00:00:00

QREAT WES TERN RAILWAY. — WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—RETURN TICKETS issued on SATURDAY, the 2nth of May, and Antermediate days, will be available for return up to and including Satur day, the 2d of June. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On Saturday, May 26, an Excursion Train will leave Padding - ton, at 6.40 p.m., for Bath and Bristol, returning on Tuesday, May 29, from Bristol at 8.15 a.m., and Bath at 8.45 a.m. Fares—Bath, 12s. and 6s ; BriStol, 14s and 7s. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On WHIT SUN- May 27, an Excur s i on T ra i n w ill l eave P a ddi ng t on ngto n a.m. for Cirencester and Stroud (fares 9s and ss), Glou cester and Cheltenham (10s and 6s), and Ross and Hereford daB and 88), re t urn i ng from Hereford at 6.31 p.m. the same Y. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- DAY, WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.- On WHIT SUN the 27t hof, an Excursion wileave Pad dington at 7.45 am May .., for Oxford (fares Train 68 Od and 4), Ban burY (8s and ss), Leamington and Warwick (108 6d and 6s), Birmingham (12s and 7s), Westbrornwich, Wednesbury, and Bilston (12s 6d and 7s 6d), and Wolverhampton (13s and 8s), returning the same day from Wolverhampton at 7 p.m. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On WHIT SUN DAY, May 27, an Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 9.30 a.m., for Taplow (fares, 56., 3s. 6d., an d 2 s. 6d . ) . f wy f ord, Henley, Reading, Theale, Aldermaston, Woolhampton, Thatcham, Newbury, Kintburv, and Hungerford ss. 6d., 45., and 35.); returning the same day from Hungerford at 7 p.m. G. REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS. -On WHIT MON DAY, May 28, an Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 10.45 a.m. for Taplow, Twyford, Henley, Reading, Theale, Aldermaston, Woolhampton, Thatcham, Newbury, Kintbury, and Hungerford, returning the same day from Hungerford at 7.0. Pares to Taplow, 55., 3s. 6d., and 2s. 6d. ; to the other stations ss. 6d., 45., and 3s. N.B.—For further particulars of the above Excursions, time of return from intermediate stations, &c., see handbills. THE INTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 142, Strand, London. - 1 /1 powered by Act of Parliament, for LIFE ASSURANCE, z UIIVIVORSHIPS, ANNUITIES, ENDOWMENTS, ikc. DIRECTORS. EDMOND SHEPPARD SYMES, M.D., Chairman. John Elliotson, M.D Cantab., John Moss, Esq. Pas . Renry J. Hodgson, Esq. John Symes, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq. SECRETARY TO THE BOARD. Alexander Richardson, Esq. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. Augustus Blondel, Esq. AUDITORS. Professor Wheatstone, F.R.S., and Professor J. Radford. Young. MEDICAL REFEREE GENERAL. J. Elliotson, M.D., Cantab., F.R.S., 37, Conduit-street. ACTUARY. W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F.R.A.S., ASSISTANT ACTUARY. Barker Woolhouse, Esq. BANKERS. Messrs. Glyn, Mills, and Co., 67, Lombard-street. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Gregory, Gregory, Skirrow, and Roweliffe, Bedford row. The next Quinquennial in May, 1860. Examples of l Division of Profits will be declared Inus up to May, 1855 : Policy tak en out in Sum Assured. Age. Bonus in addition Bonus in to Sum Cash. Assured. 3,000 4,Q00 2,630 2,000 2,800 Z s. d. 867 17 7 749 4 0 232 18 0 154 2 8 120 17 0 X s. d. 428 1 4 325 16 0 156 15 0 103 16 8 72 14 6 £ s. d. 56 3 8 32 0 4 16 6 0 10 15 2 6 7 7 E C. S. SYMES, Chairman. 142, Strand, London, W.C. Inland Revenue Office, Somerset Reuse. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS. EXCURSIONS TO THE NORTH AT LOW FARES. Trains will leave the PADDING TON STATION at 10.20 a.m. for OXFORD (fares 6s Gd and 49), Banbury (8s and ss), Leamington and Warwick (10s. Gd and 6s), Birmingham (12s and 76), Westbromwich, Wednesbury, and Bilston (12s Gd and 7s Gd), Wolverhampton (13s and Ss), Wellington and Shrewsbury (17s and 10s), Oswestry (18s 6d and 11s), Welshpool (20s and 12s), Llangollen Road, Wrexham, and Chester (18s. 6d. and 118), Birkenhead and Liverpool (21s and 12s 6d); on Saturday, May 26, returning on Wednesday, May 30 ; on Monday, May 28, returning on Thursday, May 31 ; and on Wednesday, May :10, returning on Saturday, 2d of June. The train will return from Liverpool (Lauding Stage) at 10.30 a.m. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY WHITSUNTIDE lIOLIDATS.—EXCURSION TO TUE SEASIDE.—On SATURDAY, the 26th of May, a Train will leave Paddington at 3.30 p.m., for Chippen ham, Trowbridge, Westbury, and Frorne (fares, Os and 6s), Yeovil (lls and 7s), Dorchester and Weymouth (12s and 8s), returning from Weymouth at 7 a.m. on Wednesday, May 30. Permanent Reduction of Annual Premiums. The following are among - st the advantages offered by the I nternational Life Assurance Society:— The Society was established in 1838. Two-thirds of the profits are divided amongst the assured every five years. For prospectuses and every other information, apply to the Chairman, 142, Strand. AUX VILLES DE FRANCE, PARIS, 10}, Rue Richelieu, and 51, Rue Vivienne, The confidential House of the Parisian Aristocracy. LYONS SILKS. MANTLES, CLOAKS, and Ready-made Articles. LINGENE and LACE. FRENCH CACREMERE. FANCY STUFFS. PARIS MADE GLOVES, And new FANCY TISSUES, in the first style. LADIES' DRESSES made to measure in the newest Parisian Fashions. The Prices are invariably fixed, as well on the Goods as for Making up. DECAN ED TEETH. NI R. ESKELL'S celebrated OSTEOPLASTIC ENAMEL.—The only stopping for tender and decay . ed. Teeth that will not become discoloured. For front teeth in valuable. Post free for 30 stamps (directions enclosed). 31 4, Regent-street, London, facing the Polytechnic. MR. ESKE LL ' S PATENTED INCORRO „_ DIBLE TEETH are adapted without extracting teeth Mumps, y or giving any pain whatever, on hie never-failing p r inciple of Self-Adhesi on , by w hi c h th e f o llowing advan ages are obtained : PERFECT MASTICATION, DISTINCT ARTICULATION, and RESEMBLANCE CO NATURE Which renders it impossible to detect them. There are no Visible fastenings, and from the absence of all weight and their congeniality to the mouth, may be worn on the most tender or sensitive gums with the greatest comfort. Teeth stopped, loose teeth fastened, loc. Consultations Free. Terms strictly moderate. 314, Regent-street, facing the Polytechnic. REDUCTION OF TEN POUNDS PER TON In the price of THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE On and after the Ist of April, 1860. Barrels ctg 448 Feeds, wg nett 112 1 b5., with measure , 40 s each Cases ,-, 448 Feeds„. 1121b5., in Packets, 45s each Carriage paid to any railway , station in the kingdom, Nutritives value . • .. £l5 Condimental value .. 125 Total .. £l4O per ton. showing a profit of £lOO per ton through the use of this in valuable compound, adapted for the seasoning of all kinds of food for animals. Agents required in every town where none are already appointed. JOSEPH THORLEY, the Inventor and sole Proprietor. Offices, 77, Newgate-street, London. A Pamphlet sent free by post on application. PRESENTS. —ORNAMENTAL and SCIEN TIFIC.—ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, and Dining-room, consisting of anew and elegant assortment 0 1 VASES Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &c., in Italian,Alabas ter, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her 4 kaiasty, 149 Stand, W.C., London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY, and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOG Y is given by Mr. TENNAN T, at 149, Strand, W.C. GAME LIST. - LONDON, MIDDLESEX, and WESTME,TSTER. . THIRD PUBLICATION for 1859-60. LIST of PERSONS who have taken out General GAME CERTIFICATES at £4 Os. 10d. each, includinc , the Ad ditional Duty of 10 per cent. under the Act of 3 Viet. c. 17. (Schedule D.) Ashdown, John, 75, Stanley-street. Berkeley. the Hcn . Grantley F., Spring - gard ens. Evans,lVna. Herbert, Esq., 32, Hertford-street, Mayfair. Creech, C. S., Park-street, Westminster. Hoare, Richard, The Heath , Hampstead. Jenkinson, 11. T. S., 23, Old-square, Lincoln's-inn. Moffatt, George, 28, Fenchurclt-street. Nicholson, Captain Wm. Smith, 38, Chester-terrace, Regent's Park. P„eacocke G. M. W., Esq., 33, Hertford-street, Mayfair. -rocklingto n , Roger, Board of Trade. Russell, Lord Alexr., Pall-Mall. Somme's, James, Great George-street. LIST of PERSONS (not being ASSESSED SERVANTS) Who have taken out the GAME CERTIFICATES at £4 Os. 10d. each, including the Additional Duty of 10 per cent., under the Act of 3 Viet. c. 17 . ( Schedule C.) rilcholls, John, Lothbury—Appointed by --, for the Manor or Royalty of Langlebury, Herts. LIST of PERSONS, being ASSESSED SERVANTS. for whom GAME CERTIFICATES are taken out at £1 17e. 6d. each, including the Additional Duty of 10 per cent., under the Act of 3 Vict. c. 17. (Schedules A and B.) Westwood, Samuel, Castle Farm, Herts—Appointed by Powell, Fredrick, Esq., for the Manor or Royalty of Castle Farm, Herts. LIST of PERSONS LICENSED to DEAL in GAME. Castang, Philip, Ship Tavern-passage, Leadenhall-street. Charles, John, 23, Queen's-terrace, St. John's-wood. Cook, Henry, Kensington. Firkins, Edmund, 27, Alexander-street, Paddington. Podmore, Wm. F., 4, Grove-terrace, Paddington. Rouch, Frederick, 18, tipper King-street, Bloomsbury. Saunders, Charles James, 222, Holborn. Made tlp to April 5, 1860. BY Order of the Board, T. SARGENT, PENALTIES. The Commissioners of Inland Revenue hereby give notice, that every person taking, killing, or pursuing Game without Ilrat obtaining a certificate, incurs a penalty of £2O, and is also liable to be surcharged in double the amount of the Certifi cate duty. Any person in pursuit of Game refusing on being duly re quired to produce his Certificate, or to permit the same to be read, or a copy thereof to be taken, or refusing to declare his true name and place of residence, also incurs a penalty of £2O. Gamekeepers are d;!sired to take notice that a Certificate at the rate of £1 7s. 6d. will not authorise any person to kill Game beyond the limits of the Manor for which lie is deputed; and, in order that a Certificate at such rate of duty may p ro - Vet a Gamekeeper, it is requisite, not only that he should be deputed by some Lord or Lady of a Manor or reputed Manor, but also that such deputation should be registered with the Clerk of the Peace, or the Gamekeeper will be liable to be surcharged in double the Duty of £1 Os. 10d. and also to be prosecuted by any common informer for the penalty of £2O. N.B.—lt is the intention of the Commissioners of Inland Revenue to publish in a separate List the names and resi dences of all persons surcharged in double Duty for sporting Yfttilgut certiticittep. 1838 1841 1845 1848 1851 No. 21,160. A LADY'S PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOLY LAND. Now ready, in post Svo. with an Illustration, 7s. 6d., r HE OLDEST OF THE OLD WORLD. By SOPHIA M. ECKLEY. London : hichard Bentley, New Burlington-street. Just published, in 2 vols. Svo. price 21s. cloth, lIFE of SIR MARTIN ARCHER SHEE, J President of the Royal Academy, F.R.S., D.C.L. By his Son, MARTIN ARCHER SHEE, of the Middle Temple, Esq., Barrister-at-Law. London : Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts. TRAVELLERS' EDITION OF PEAKS AND PASSES. On Friday next will be published, ss. 6d. half-bound, PEAKS, PASSES, and GLACIERS A Series of Excursions by Members of the Alpine Club. An edition comprising all the Mountain Expeditions and the Maps, printed in a condensed form adapted for the Travel ler's pocket. Edited by JOHN BALL, F.L.S., Presi dent. London : Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, Just published, price 25., free by post, 2s. 4d., SPERMATORRHCEA. By F. B. COURTENAY, And formerly , Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Strictures of the Urethra. O N " The aim of the author is to present a common-sense view of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this Disease, as also to free these questions from the Professional Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of Quackery by which they have hitherto been surrounded, to the destruction of the health and happiness of thousands. Theist objects are discussed in a common-sense and highly practical manner."—Medical Circular. London : A. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. 144 pages, 70 Engravings, post free 2 stamps. COMMON SENSE in a NUTSHELL; or, Every Man his own Doctor. The MEDICAL ADVISER, containing rules, prescriptions, &c., for the speedy cure, by very simple means, of Spermatorrhcea, and all the more com mon disea'es of the urino-genital system, which, from neglect or improper treatment, too often result in Pains in the Back, Gravel, Nervousness. Exhaustion, and Incapacity. Sent post free for two Stamps, by Dr. DE Roos, 10, Berners-street, Oxford-street. W. A New Edition of THE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE. By JOSEPH KAHN, Graf nate in Medicine, surgery, and Midwifery in the Royal and Imperial University of Vienna, Erlangen, &c. This popular work (which has been translated into four dif ferent languages) has now gone through it Editions of )0,00 each, and is designed to impart accurate knowledge on sub jects which involve the means of securing moral and physical happiness. Price Is., or post free for 12 stamps direct from the Author, 17, Harley-street, Cavendish-square, London,W. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.- Mr. EENEDICT begs to announce that his ANNUAL MORNING CONCERT at HER MAJES Yrs THEATRE, is fixed for Monday, 18th June, under the immediate patron age of Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, II R.:i. the Prince Consort, H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent, and 11.R.11. the Duchess of Cambridge. Principal Vocalists :—Mesdames Titiens, Brunetti, Lotti, Della Santa, Borghi-Mamo, Lemaire, and Alboni ; Signors Giuglini, Belart, Corsi, Gassie^, Ronconi, Everardi, Vialetti, and Moncrini. The Instrumental Artistes will he duly announced. Early application is solicited for the remaining Boxes and Stalls, which to be secured at the box-office, the principal libralies and music sellers, and at Mr. Benedict's, 2, Manchester-square, IV. CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS, Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Strand.—Farewell Season in Lon - ion, previous to the retirement of Mr. J. W. Raynor on the 2d of August.—Every Evening at 8, and every Saturday Morning at 3 o'clock. Tickets and places may be secured at the Hall from 11 till 4, and at Mr. Austin's West-end Box office, St. James's Hall, Piccadilly.—Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. J. W. RAYNOR. ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Picea dilly.—Open every Evening, with thecelebrated Band conducted by Mona. Lamotte (chef d'orchestra to the Em perm Napoleon). A magnificent SMOKING SALOON added to this Establishment. Doors open at 8 o'clock. Ad mission. is. Licensed pursuant to Act of Parliament. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, HIGH HOLBORN. This Establishment, pre-eminently distinguished for the elegance and matchless beauty of its decorations, combined with the perfection of its management, is OPEN EVERY EVENING for DANCING. The celebrated band, under fhe direction of Mr. W. M. Packer, plays a nightly-varied selec tion of the ml , t approved classical and modern music. Doors open at half-past 8. Overture at 9. Closing at; 12 punctually. Admission, le. WEDDING STATIONERY, including every requisite.—Beautiful and elegant designs by DE LA RUE and Co. A sample packet and price list sent free. No charge for carriage on orders over 20s. The London Depot for De La Rue and Co.'s manufactures—HENßY GOOD'S, 60, Moorgate-street, E.C. Card plates and crest dies engraved in the first style. and note papers beautifully embossed in coloured relief, or if plain, stamped without charge. An illustrated catalogue will be forwarded free on application. RUPTURES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. WHITE'S MOC-MAIN LEVER TRUSS is allowed by upwards of 200 Medical Gentlemen to be the most effective invention in the curative treatment of HERNIA. The use of a steel spring, so often hurttu' in its effects, is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Moe-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease and closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn during sleep. A descriptive circular may ' , e had, end the truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir cumference the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the manufacturer, Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly. A Sin2le Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and 31s. 6d. Postage, ls. A Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 425.. and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd. An Umbilical True., 425. and 525. ed. Postage, ls. 10d. Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post office. Piccadilly. ELASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all cases of Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, dm They are porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on like an ordinary stocking. Price_3s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 10s., and 16s. each. Postage 6d. JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 228, Piccadilly. YOUTH. BEAUTY. AND ARTICULATION. Mr. EDWARD DAVIESON, for many years Dentist to the Court of Spain, begs to inform the British Public that he has taken up his permanent residence at 448, West Strand, London, adjoining the Electric Telegraph Office, where he is prepared to supply Artificial Teeth of a manufacture superior in beauty and durability to any known in this country, at ten shillings per tooth, which price can only be exceeded by ex pensive mountings. Among the wonderful discoveries he made during his resi dence in the South of Europe none exceeds the Liquid Ena isel, which not only imparts a pearly whiteness to Natural and Artifici it Teeth, but renders them impossible t dis colour or decay. Sold, with full directions for use, at 10s. fid. per case. It is also used in a highly condensed form for stopping decayed teeth, and is invaluable for those who have decay in their front teeth. Mr. EDWARD DAVIESON has to announce, that 'he "FLEUR DE L'AGE ;" or. Bloom of Youth, will add youth and beauty to any complexion, is now ready, -Sold in cases, price lls., 2 ?s., and four quantities in one for 335. Attendance daily from 10 to 6. $, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON. D R. CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo thecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive .indul gences, Has Just published, price ls. ; post, 11 stamps,: 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled;' OURSELVES. Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure. Also, an Exposition of, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagia (Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrhcea, Impotency, and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, Lim FEMALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women- Functional Ir regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta tion—Use of the Speculum, and the securing of Healthy Offspring. Also, No. 1. HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY; On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion. No. 2. LOVE AND MARRIAGE : Their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments ; Love , and other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off spring, secured. No. S. THE CASE BOOK : 100 Cases of SPERMATORRIVEA., Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, ConfessionS and Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, &c. &c. &e. To be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors. Advice to the Working Classes. tee Half-a-Guinea. MEDICAL ADVICE. D R. LA'MERT , Registered L.S.A , Honorary . M e mber of the London Hospitalc., may b Medical e Nc oSocis T e ti ty L , M.D. ID et the University of Erlangen, &C., on all cases of Debility, Nervousness, and on the Secret In firmities of Youth and Maturity, from Eleven till Two, and from Six till Eight, at his residence, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON Dr. La'Mert has just published, price Sixpence, with nu merous Engravings and Cases, a New Edition of his Work, S ELF-PRESS (;,NATION, which will be sent tree, in a sealed envelope, by Mann. 39 Cornhill, London, or by the Author, for Eight stamps. CONTENTS. SECTION I.—The Physiology of the Generative Organs. SECTION IL —Puberty—Manhood —The Morale of Genera ive Physiology—True and False Morality. cial, and Physical S ECTION 11l. —Marriage in i ts Moral, So Relations—lts Expectancies and DisaPpeintments—Advan taays of Physical Contrasts in securing Healthy Offsprin,g. SECTION In and Impetence—The causes ~f Sterility in both Sexes—Self-inflicted Miseries. SECTION V. -The Vices of Schools—Effects o ulf certain per nicious habits on the mental and general fties. SECTION Vl.—Treatment of Nervous Dan and Generative Deef bility—lmpotence and Sterility— various Hazardous Specifics—The Author's Princip edles of Treatment ; Medical, Dietetic , and General, deriv f rom Twenty Years' successful practice' The above work is intended for the perusal of those who have in early life been induced Co t s werve front the strict rules of morality. In its pages fof par.tmount utility are brought, together, wholly divested of the delusions and incon sistencies so largely i n t r oduced into certain quas i medical publications given to the world gTatis, under the guise of philanthropy, or as " acts of gratitude," by pretended clergy men and others, whose tamperings with the constitUtloll frequently followed by serious oonsequenoes. . if ;, l ~ 1 - -,,-:;... V. 1 : ri4) 4 . p . , „ ' . 1, 41 1 1 = a girl •If A , • ~ , . ~.. , --- , — ,r l , ...„,-,, 4-2. , .411% ~..... A , - , '"' ....2 . ' — ..,. tj , . +ijiVri '... ....#1 .. /....___. o,,e i . ... 1, 7,.: - .41` ,••"_..1 - '.-"",— ' 4, ' - ' 411 -" I - fr -* . 1 - '4'... -- t/. /. / * 4 " -- *"f: 'R—• -II:i' - ,` , F: 2 , 42 . ,,,,,, . 0 '.., r , t • -'''-,- -- .', r / (-Y1- -= - 4-, , a-, ,, -, -tt. -, ---xm : , ,orf-m z - 4 : ;,, v , - , - _ROIL - .g\e,\,` ---,----- .---:: " ' ' S ) ' .. 1 . 1 ..:• ,- 7 :6 " -, Z"'rig , ' ' - ..2% . , ... , , ,::, ...*.,,,,,, ~,, o t. ~ , ,,;... .e .....„, ‘, , THE SUN, LONDON, ,NDAY EVENING, ,MAY 21, 1860. • 1 OUNTRY A PARTMENI S.—To be LET A Furnished, THREE BED ROO3IS, a Sitting Room, and use of a Kitchen, near a healthy village twelve miles from London. The house stands in a very extensive garden and is dose to Bushy Park, at au easy dist nce from two stations. Omnibuses p tss within a few minutes' walk to and from London, and the stations several times during the day. To those seeking rural retirement and quiet comfort this ad vertisement offers unusual advantages. Address, M. E., Hampton Wick, Middlesex. OYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF I 1 , ENGLAND. The GENERAL MEE PING of MEMBERS will be held, at the Society's House, No. 12, Hanover-square, London, TO MORROW, TUESDAY, the 22d May. at Twelve o'clock. By Order of the Council. London, May, 1860. H. HALL DARE, Sec. Office of the Gas Light and Coke Company, liorseferry-road, Westminster, 19th May, 1860. IDO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, That the following proprietors, viz.:— : - Francis Lysons Price. Esq., Jonah Smith Wells, Esq., and Directors, William Chippindale, Esq., have severally given me notice, in writing, of their intention to offer themselves for Re-Election as Directors, at the Election which will take place at the Company's Gas Works, Iforseferry l road, Westminster, on FRI LAY, the Ist day of June next, at 12 o'clock at noon precisely. who, under the same master, gained those accomplishments which made them the or: aments of society, the solid learn ing and practical knowledge which made them its benefac tors, ministering at the altars of their country, administer ing her laws, atrending her institutions, improving her literature, and taking their station among the best friends of mankind, the peerless, the consistent apostles of pitty, humanity, freedom—and all have now passed away, leav ing their memory for our comfort, their example for our en couragement; the Dunzans, Lundies, Gillespies, Thomsons, Birkbecks, Reeves, the Mackenzies, Scotts, Cranstouns, Moncrieff, Erskine, Kiunaird, Seymour, Grant, Cockburn, Browne, Homer, Jeffrey, and latest, not least of our losses, Murray— " Claudite jam, parce, nimium reseratur sepulchre . C laudite I plus justo jam d omus ista patet." I can dwell no longer on the retrospect. It is our duty, in stead of indulging in unavailing regrets over the past, to cast our eye forwards and bestir ourselves that we may be come the worthy successors of those who have gone before us. My revered kinsman, our great Principal, the last time the silver tones of that voice were heard on a public occa sion, when the foundation of the new building was laid, justly extolled the University as attracting students, net only from all parts of the British dominions, but almost from every country inEurope, and from every State in Ame rica. Long may this intercourse continue, so advantageous to all parties. While we gather hints for our improvement from others, we greatly benefit them, and the interests, the blessed interests of pease are promoted, not only by the in terchange of benefits, but by the natural tendency of men's feelings to look back with satisfaction, even with tenderness, upon the residence of their early years, and to cherish the remembrance of the lessons then. taught. Thus, upon the memory of our nearest neighbours in Europe, there will remain impressed the great truths that popular rights can exist and be respected without the tyranny of the populace; that liberty does not necessarily degenerate into licentious ness, and that abject slavery is not the only refuge from anarchy. Our kinsfolk of the New World may, in after life, recollect having known a community in which a church is established without the existence of a single civil disquali fication attached to religious belief, a community in which the most enlightened and respectable citizens do not abstain from taking their share in public proceedings, in which the interference of the multitude with the administration of justice is a thing unheard of, nay, regarded as incredible ; and in which the irresponsible mob •tyrant, the instant that one of his many heads appears, is at once put down by the ordinary action of the law ; above all, our American friends may reflect with satisfaction on having been educated in a city famous for being the first to declare, by its judges, the great law that a slave's fetters fall from him the mo ment he touches British ground. The natives of Southern Europe—but none such will be suffered by the despot to re sort hither; and they must learn without our instruction, if experience has not already taught them, the nature of a tyrant—" Non ullum monstrum, nec foedius, nee tetrius, neque dis hominibusque magic invisum . terra genult, quam qui, forma hominis, tamen immamtate morum vastissimas vincit belluas." But even our English neighbours may profit not only by our teachin g but by the principles upon which our sy: tem is founded. The question of extramural instruction (on which, however, I agree entirely with our Lord Rector) may be left untouched ; and the vexed question between the tutorial and the professional methods may also be put on one side; but it is subject to one observation, which whoever considers the matter without the exclusive partiality arising from local prejudice is pretty sure to make, that the blending together of the two methods is preferable to the adoption of either alone. But the great benefits that attend our plan of home instead of college residence can hardly be doubted ; and it should always be kept in mind that the English plan originated entirely in the accidental circumstance of Oxford and Cambridge being mere villages when the Universities were founded, and all the pupils being strangers come from remote districts. It can hardly be doubted .that had either been founded in a great town that plan would not have been followed. In a small place good reasons may certainly be given for it ; but in such cities as Edinburgh and Glasgow the residence of students under the paternal roof is a great benefit accessible to at least the whole inhabitants. When the London University was established (now called Univer sity College) this important consideration enter e d i n t o our views quite as much as the bringing the advantages of an academical education within the reach of those who could not afford the expense of the old Universities. Taught in this school, and trained to the capacity whether for specu lation or for pursuits of active life, strangers from other lands as well as our fellow-subjects have made our Univer sity worthily known by its fruits; nor can there be a doubt that it will continue under its new constitution to prefer the same claims to general respect and gratitude. But I should not discharge the duties of the high office to which the kindness of the body has raised me if I did not avail my self of this occasion for offering such suggestions and advice as I deem of useful tendency to those by whom I have the honour of being surrounded. They may be of little value, and may possess no other merit than that they result from the reflection of many long years and of a somewhat various experience ; but they are delivered with feelings of respect only surpassed by those of affectionate kindness. First of all it is to be observed, though the acquisition of general knowledge is a primary duty, and the confining our study within the narrow limits of one or two branches enfeebles the mind, impairing its powers, and even preventing an entire mastery of the selected branches, yet it is on every account highly expedient, indeed all but absolutely neces sary, to single out one branch as the main object of atten tion. This selection is required by the impossibility of thoroughly mastering different unconnected kinds of know ledge, and the risk of distraction which passing from ore sub ject to another occasions, the danger even of the greatest evil occurring, that of superficial learning, the rule being inflexible that no one subject or part of a subject must be studied without going to the very bottom, fully and accurately, of what he would learn—not proposing to our selves, it may be, to go beyond a certain length, but as far as we profess and purpose t o go, becoming thoroughly master of the subject. There is, however, another reason for select ing one especial branch ; we thus draw as it were a meridian line to which all our steps in other directions may be re ferred. The acquisitions thus made derive additional in terest from their connection with the principal and prevail ing pursuits; the attention to these is kept awake, and the memory in proportion retentive of the accessory or subor dinate matters, while they l en d h e l p an d ill us t ra ti on t o th e main abject of our study. Th a t o bj ect i s o f engross i ng though not exclusive interest ; it does not preclude a mo derate attention to others ; but this selection, this single ness of entire absorption, is absolutely necessary to avoid this dispersion of the faculties cau se d by i n t em p era t e devo tion to several subjects, whereof the certain tendency is to produce mediocrity in all, making ordinary capacity, even when united to great industry, yield but little return of value, and from the rarest endowments, which temperately and judiciously used might render the most important ser vice, only obtaining the exhibition of varieties more won derful than useful, like the displays of the mocking-bird, which can warble all the notes that make the grove vocal, but . has no song of her o wn . Th a t gen i us i s o f universal application cannot be denied ; but the interests of science, and generally of mankind, as well as of the individual, re quireo of th e t h w a o t r l i d t s a h ff o o W r d d f n e o w t be if s a o n a y p , p e l x i e e cl e . p t i T o uhse tog e e t great s lightrules. Had Barrow's profession'al studies and his attention to the eloquence of the pulpit no t i nterfered w i t h hi s mathemati cal pursuits, he would probably—F erm al, but for his offi hcpleaaeditesdom nearlyfa duties rdoem and the thapproached. eg r h i he s oa g lt d e d n i s e ee r no a av l es happy discovery pchopufayl What theti n oi i calculus,nsgh conjectures, t wo n ' o ud t h t certainly— haveaoovfwe hFbereaehonh kot el xi both under the guidance of the inductive method, so familiar to him in all its rigour, had he not devoted his life to the more important cause of his country and her liberties ? Priestley's discoveries, all but accidental, however important, were con fined in their extent and perversely misapprehended in their results by the controversies, religious and political, which engrossed his attention th roug h l i fe. Descartes, instead of the one great step which the mathematics owe him, was de stined tomake vast progress in physical science, and not to leave his name known by a mere baseless hypothesis, had he not been seduced by metaphysical speculation; and Lieb nitz, but for the same seduction, joined to his legal labours, would assuredly have come near the Newtonian system in dynamics, as he had preferred a just claim to share in its analytical renown. On the other hand, mark the happy re sults of concentrated power in Bacon wisely abstaini ng f rom the application of his own philosophy when he found that previous study had not fitted him for physical inquiries; Newton, avoiding all distraction, save when he deemed his highest duties required some intermission of his habitual labours ; nay, had Leonardo do. Vinci indulged in the inves tigations of natural sciences, for which he possessed so re markable a talent and has left such felicitous anticipations, his name as one of the first of artists would have been un known ; and had Voltaire prosecuted the study of chemis try, in which he was so near making two of the greatest discoveries, we should never have had the tr age di es, th e ro mances, and the general history, the f oun d a ti ons o f hi s fame. But the same principle appli es as we ll to active life as to the pursuits of science and l e tt ers. E very one s hould have a special occupation, the main object of his attention, to which all others are sub or di nate, an d all more or less referable. With most men this is inevi table, because they are engaged in so me pro f ess i ona l em ployment ;" but all ought to single out som e pursu it , whe ther speculative or active, as the chief occupa tion of life. Nothing conduces more to comfort and happi ness—nothing is a greater safeguard against the seductions of indolence, or of less innocent, perhaps not less hurtful indulgence. Nothing gives a greater relish and zest to the subordinate pursuits. He who has professional duties has no right to call any hour not earned by the discharge of those duties his own, for other occupati ons w h ether of re laxation or even of mental improvement. His business is his master ; but where there is no such servitude I strongly recommend the voluntary forming of the re l at i on b etween master and slave by the choice of a pursuit, and submitting to its claims upon our time and our attention as paramount. After the ery general advice which I have offered, it may lys thoiight that there are some particular subjects descry • ing consideration ; but these may safely be left to the care of the learned and excellent'persens who, in various depart ments, are charged with the duties of this U n i vers it y. O n one or two matters I would ask their and yo ur p erm i ss i on to dwell, and but for a few minutes ; not that I can sup pose these subjects to be neglected by the teachers, but that I would earnestly join my voice to theirs, and inculcate the closest attention to them. The stuns* A Attic oratory is one matter which cannot be too strongly p resse d upon t h e pupil ; that of the ancient analysis is an o th er. Th e ten dency of mathematical studies in the present day is to dis regard the Greek geometry ; that of c l ass i ca l stud i es is well to cultivate Greek learning, but rather to exalt the poe's above the orators, The immeasurable superiority of the Greek to the Roman oratory is not only evinced by the devotion of the greatest master of the la , ter to the Attic models, by his constant study of them, by hi s no t ceas i ng , even in advanced life, to practise Greek d ec l amat i on, b y hi s imitating—nay, translating from them, in his finest passages, but one consideration is decisive on this head—the Greek oratory is incomparably better adapted t o our mo d ern debating, business-like habits ; and while it may be truly affirmed that, with all this excellence, hardly one of Cicero's orations could even in parts . ever be bor ne e ith er b y th e senate or the forum in our times, there is h ar dl y one o f th e Greek wisielinsight net Ot circumstances like those for which they were ssomposed, with a few alterations, be delivered be fore our tribm,sels or our public assemblies. Some of De mosthenes' very il t siest orations were th se in private causes, and composed to be dOivered by the parties, one of them by himself. They are ver? Jiltle studied now, but they v ell deserve ample attention both for the matter and the com position. The example of the encient masters is ever to be kept before you in one important particular, their extreme care in preparing their speeches. • Of this th 3 clearest proofs remain. Cicero having a book of passages to be used on occasions is well known; indeed, we have his own account of it and of the mistake he on. e made in using it (Ad. Att. xxi. 6), but the book of prminia which Demosthenes had has come down to us, the only doubt being-raised (though I hardly think•there can be any), whether they were, like. Cicero's passages, kept ready for use, or passages prepared of speeches the preparation of which on the whole he had not time to finish. One thing is certain, that he was very averse to extempore speaking, and most reluctantly, as he expressed it, " trusted his success to fortune ," and his orations abound in passages, and even parts of pas sages, again and again used by him with such improve ments as their reception en delivery or subsequent reflec tion suggested. There is even seen great parsimony in pre serving small portions unchanged when the right compo. sition had been attained. I have examined this subject very fully on different occasions, and I find the views takev are approached by Attic seholars both in England and France. But I dwell upon the subject at present in order to illustrate the necessity of full prepartion and of written compo ition to those who would attain real excellence in the rhetorical art. In truth, a certain proficiency in public speaking may be acquired by any one who chooses often to try it, and can harden himself against the pain of frequent failures. If he is a person of no capacity his speeches will be very bad ; but even though he be a man of genius they will not be eloquent. A sensible remark or a fine image may open. ; but the loose, and slovenly, and poor diction, the want of art in combining and disposing of his ideas, the ina bility to bring out many of his thoughts, and the incom petency to present any of them in the best and most effi cient form, will reduce the speaker to • the level of an ordi nary talker. His dictioh is sure to be clumsy, incorrect, un limited in quantity, and of no value. Such a speaker is worth hearing, " Sine lame quidenz conscientia" (says Quin tilian, speaking of written composition) " ipso illa exteiz pore dicendi facultas inamen modo loquacitatena dabit et verba in labris nascentia" (xliii.) It is a common error to call this natural eloquence; it is the reverse; • it is neither natural nor eloquent. A person under the influence of strong feelings or passions, pouring forth all that fills his mind, produces a powerful effect upon his hearers, and often attains without any art the highest beauties of rhetoric. The language of the passion flows eas ly, but is concise and simple, and the very opposite of the wordiness just de scribed. The untrained speaker who is also unpractised, and utters according to the dictates of his feelings, now and then succeeds perfectly ; but in these rare instances he would not be the loss successful for having studied the art, while that study would enable him to succeed equally in all he delivers and woo d give him the same control over the feelings of others whatever might be the state of his own. Herein indeed consists the value of the study ; it enables him to do at all times what nature teaches on rare occasions Nor is there a better corrective of the faults complained of in the eloquence of moder times than the habitual contemplation of the ancient models, more especially the chaste beauties of the Greek compositions, and the diligent practice of severe written pre r aration. It is the greatest of all mistakes to fancy that even a carefully prepared passage cannot be de livered before a modern assembly. lonce contended on this point with an accomplished classical scholar, and no incon siderable speaker himself, Lord Melbourne, who at once un dertook to point out the passages which had been prepared and those which were given offhand and at the inspiration of the moment. He was wrong in almost every guess he made. Lord Denman on a more remarkable occasion, at the bar of the House of Lords, in the Queen's case, made the same mistake upon thepassage delivered before the adjourn ment in the middle of the first day of the defence. The ob jection made that prepared passages are artificial and dis close the preparation is wholly groundless. In the first place nothing can be more artificial than a speech must in almost all cases necessarily be that is anything beyond mere con versation. Next it is the manner, not the substance which is prepared ; and, finally, if the art used is shown and not concealed the artist alone is in fault. The ancient analysis or Greek geometry the other subject specified, well deserves diligent attention. The preference of the modern analysis, justified by its far greater power, has been found not only to supersede, but unnecessarily to exclude all study of the ancient. This is very unfortunate ; for the Greek geometry has eminent and in some respects peculiar merits. Its elegance is the object of admiration even with those most devoted to the methods that have sup planted it. The exercise which it gives to the reasoning faculties is as peculiar to its investigations as the ele gance by which they are distinguished. At each step the preceding steps are kept present to the mind ; and the result is arrived at, not by a mechanical operation, but by a sus tained chain of reasoning. That it is incomparably less powerful than the algebraic geometry, which we owe to the happy suggestions of Descartes and the subsequent disco very of Newton and Liebnitz, cannot be denied.- But that its powers have been much underrated is manifest from the extraordinary success of Matthew Stewart in solving pro • blems before deemed beyond its reach—Kepler's problem and the inverse problem of centripetal forces—although it may well be questioned if he could by mere geometrical analysis have pursued these investigations had Newton's demonstration not been known to him. In one respect, however, the ancient analysis has a singular merit, the dis - cussion of limits. Its careful exhaustive process of examin ing all the cases in which any solution is possible, and thus preventing any oversight, is invaluable, and might furnish suggestions of importance to the modern analyst. The re • markable error into which Newton fell in his solution of the problem justly termed by him longe oinnium di, cili mum (of finding the comet's trajectory from three observa tions) could never have occurred under the ancient method, for in discussing the limits it would have been found that the 16th Lemma has a prismatic case, and that it is the case of the comet—a matter never observed until V. Boscovitch hit upon it in 1739, all which was before known being that the Newtonian solution must be erroneous, because it threw the comet of that year on the wrong side of the sun. Though these merits unquestionably belong to the ancient analysis, nothing can be more inaccurate than the view sometimes taken by its admirers, that it is more strict in its demonstration than the modern. There can be no degrees of certainty, and the proofs are absolutely certain in both. When the study of the Greek geometry is recommended to those whose rule must be with the Principia,nocturna ver sate manu, versate diurna, it should be borne in mind how highly the author of that immortal work prized the ancient method of investigation, as we learn both from the internal evidence of the book itself, and from the statement of his friend rnd follower Haley, himself a diligent student of the Greek geometry. Let the high authority of Mr. Chasles be added, himself a great master of the most recent improvements of the calculus; and in this place it would be wrong to pass over the distinguished names of Wallace And Ivey, both deeply imbued with the principles of the modern analysis and expert in their application, but diligently cul tivating the ancient also. They were great analysts in all respects, and the latter the most eminent mathematician that has appeared in this country since Sir Isaac Newton. But these studies are less connected with the business of active life than others; the Greek geometry not at all, and the Attic oratory only important as refining the taste and being subservient to the perfection of our own. Eloquence, however, can only in these times be worthily employed in furthering objects little known to, and if dimly perceived little cared for, by the masters of the art in ancient days — the rights of the people, the improvement of their condition their advancement in knowledge and refinement—above all, in maintaining the cause, the sacred cause, of peace At home and abroad. Suffer me to dwell somewhat upon the intimate connection of this last-mentioned important subject with the education of youth, the formation of their opinions, the che rishing of right feelin g s, upon the merits of th ose w h os e history is taught, or who are known as contemporaries, at least as having flourished intimesnear our own. Historians and political reasuners, the instructors of the people, have ill-discharged their duty in this most important respect; par taking largely of the illusions of the vulgar which they were bound to dispel, dazzled by the spectacle of great abilities, and still more of their successful exertion, they have held up to admiration the worst enemies of mankind, the usur pers who destroyed their liberties, the conquerors who shed their blood—men who in the pursuit of power or fame made no account of the greatest sufferings they could inflict on their fellow creatures. The worst cruelty, the vilest falsehood has not prevented the teachers of the world from bestowirig the name of great upon these scourges, as if themselves be longed either to the class of ambitious warriors and intrigu ing statesmen, or to the held of ordinary men whom suc cessful crimes defrauded at once of their rights and their praises ; and to this must be ascribed by far the greater part of the encouragement held out to unprincipled, profligate conduct in those who have the destinies of nations in their hands. It is not, however, by merely abstaining from in discriminate praise, and by dwelling with disproportionate earnestness upon the great qualities and passing over the bad ones of eminent men, and thus leaving a false general impression of them, that historians err and pervert the feel ings and opinions of mankind. Even if they were to give a careful estimate of each character, and pronounce just judg ment upon the whole, they would still leave by far the most important part of their duty unperformed, unless they also framed their narrative so as to excite an interest in the worthies of past times; to make us dwell with delight on the scenes of human improvement, to lessen the pleasure too naturally felt in contemplating successful courage or skill, whensoever these are directed to the injury of man kind ; to call forth our scorn of perfidious designs, however successful, our detestation of cruel and 14000 d-thirsty pro pensities, however powerful the talents by which their in dulgence was secured. Instead of holding up to our ad miration the "pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war," it is the historian's duty to make us regard with un ceasing delight the ease, worth, and happiness of blessed peace. He must remember that " Peace hath her victories No loss renowned than war's ; " and to celebrate these triumphs, the progress of science and of art, the extension and security of freedom, the improve ment of national institutions, the diffusion of general pro sperity—exhausting on such pure and wholesome themes all the resources of his philosophy, all the graces of his style, giving honour to whom honour is due, withholding all incentives to misplaced interest and vicious admiration, and not merely by general remarks on men and events, but by the manner of describing the one and recording the other, causing us to entertain the proper sentiments, whether of respect or interest, or of aversion or indifference, for the various subjects of the narrative. Consider for a moment what the perpetrators of the greatest crimes that afflict humanity propose to themselves as their reward for over running other countries and oppressing their own. It is the enjoyment of power, or of fame, or of both. " He can requite thee, for he knows the charms That cull fame in such martial acts as these, And he can spread thy name on lands and seas, Whatever clime the sun's broad circle warms." Unquestionably the renown of their deeds, theirnames being illustrious in their own day, and living after them in future ages, is, if not the uppermost thought, yet one that fills a large place in their minds. Surely if they were well• assured that every writer of genius, or even of such merit as secured his page from oblivion, and every teacher of youth would honestly hold up to hatred and contempt acts of injustice, cruelty, treachery, whatever talents they might display, whatever success they might achieve, and that the opinions and the feelings of the world would join in thus detesting and thus scorning, it is not romantic to indulge a hope that some 43.rac4cal dimurogement might be 14ivon to the wor et By order. C. BURLS, Secretary. INVESTMENT of SAVINGS and CAPITAL. — The CONSERVATIVE LAND SOClETY—Trustees: Viscount Itanelag,h and J. C. Cobbold, Esq., M.P.—lnterest on Shares five per cent. per annum, on Deposits four per cent. per annum, payable half-yearly, on the Ist of May and Ist of November. Prospectuses, explanatory of the Share, Deposit, Borrowing, and Land Departments, free. Plans of estates, 6d. CHARLES LEWIS GRUNEISEN, Secy. Offices : 33, Norfolk-street, Strand, W.C. EDINBURUH UNITERSI2 I' . INSTALLATION OF LORD BROUGHAM. The installation of Lord Brougham as Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, the first elected by the graduates to that office, created by the Scottish Universities Act of 1858, took place in the Music-hall, Edinburgh, on Friday afternoon. The Rector elected by the students, Mr. IV. E. Gladstone, had been installed into office on the 16th of April last ; but the noble and learned lord chosen to the higher office of Chancellor had been unable to attend at the same time, and the two ceremonies, were therefore not si multaneous, as originallyintended. The demand for tickets on the occasion was immensely greater than the accommo- dation afforded by the largest public hall in the city, but an audience of about 1,800 persons were assembled to witness the ceremony and hear the noble lord's inaugural address. The supreme courts of the three leading denomi- nations in Scotland—the Established Church, the Free Church, and the United Presbyterian Church—happened to be all sitting in Edinburgh at;that time, and several hun- dred of the clerical and lay members of these ecclesiastical courts were present at the ceremony in their capacity of graduates, the sittings of the assemblies having been sus pended for the time. The accommodation conceded to the ladies was limited to 150 seats in the front gallery. The platform was set apart for the academic officials and for distinguished strangers. There were first conducted to the platform the following noblemen and gentlemen not in academic costume :—The Earl of Selkirk, Lord Deas, Lord Ardmillan, Sir Wm. Jardine, Sir William Gibson Craig, Bishop Spencer, Principal Tulloch, St. Andrew's, Principal Barclay, Glasgow ; the Rev. Dr. Maitland, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland ; the Rev. Dr. Buchanan, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church ; the Rev. Dr. Harper, Moderator of the United Presbyterian Synod ; General Cameron, C. 8., Bailie John ston, Messrs. Fyfe, Peat, and Mood (the municipal cura tors of the patronage), Mr. Brougham, Mr. Erskine of Linlathen, and Mr. Robt. Berry, Secretary to the Univer sity Commissioners. The academic processsion then entered the hall, preceded by the janitor bearing the mace. The Chancellor, Lord Brougham and Vat's, was, on entering the hall, received with tremendous cheering. He wore a magnificent flowered satin robes with rich gold embroidery, and a black square cap with golden tassel. The noble lord walked up the passage to the platform arm in arm with Sir David Brewster, Principal and Vice-Chancellor of the University, who wore various academic distinctions. Then followed the members of the University Court—namely, the Lord Provost, the Solicitor-General, Professor Christison, Bailie Grieve, Dr. Alexander Wood, and Dr. John Brown, in their robes of office. The honorary graduates came next in succession—namely, the Lord Justice Clerk, Lord Neaves, Principal Forbes, St. Andrew's ; Dean Ramsay and Pro fessor Ferrier, St. Andrew's, Doctors of Laws ; and the Lord Justice General, the Rev. Dr. Reeve, Trinity College, Dub lin ; Dr. Stokes, Trinity College, Dublin ; Dr. Sharpey, University College, London; Dr. Miller, King's College, London ; John Foster, Esq., and Wm. Fairbairn, Esq., Doctors of Law, elect, all with gowns and hoods proper to that degree. The members of the Senatus Academicus followed, and closed the procession. The Principal and Vice-Chancellor having taken the chair, the Professor of Divinity (Dr. Crawford) offered up prayer . The proceedings of the day were commenced by the Soli citor-General, the Chancellor's Assessor, presenting the Chancellor to the Principal. The SOLICITOR-GENERAL came forward and said ,—The duty has devolved upon me of introduci g to this meeting the Right Hon. Lord Brougham—(loud cheers)—whom this University, through its General t . :ouncil, has elected to be its Chancellor. (Cheers.) Such an introduction must, in this case at least, be eminently formal. The University has chosen Lord Brougham for reasons and upon considerations which have been recognised and accepted by the whole world. (Cheers.) You have asked him to become your Chancellor as a man pre-eminently great in statesmanship and in phi losophy, as a great scholar and writer, and, not least, as a great philanthropist—(cheers)—as a man whom you know that if the love of knowledge has not through life been his strongest passion, it is only because he his loved yet more truly those best fruits of knowledge which consist in the advancement and improvement of his kind. (Loud cheers.) He has now left those pressing duties as a statesman which, in the course of his very busy life, continually weigh upon him, to return, after his long and illustrious career, to the scene of his first manly studies, to receive at your hands the highest honour which it is in your power to confer upon him —the first gift of the chancellorship of this University. (Cheers.) As a man so chosen, so accepted, and so recog nised by all the world, it is that I have now the honour to introduce to the University the Chancellor whom it has elected. (Loud cheers.) The Principal then vacated the chair, which was taken by the Chancellor amid enthusiastic applause. Professor CAMPBELL SWINTON, as Dean of the Faculty of Laws, then presented the following distinguished per sons to the Chancellor for the honour of LL.D.—namely, the Right Hon. Duncan M'Neill, Lord Justice-General and Lord President of the Court of Session ; William Stokes, M.D., Regius Professor of Physic in the University of Dublin; John Foster, author of the " Life of Goldsmith," " Statesmen of the Commonwealth," &c ; William Shar pey, M.D., Professor of Anatomy and Physiology in Uni versity College, London, and secretary of the Royal Society; William Reeves, Bachelor of Medicine, D.D., of Trinity College, Dublin, and member of the Royal Irish Academy; William Allen Miller, M.D., Professor of Chemistry in King's College, London, and one of the Vice-Presidents of the itoyal Society ; and William Fairbairn, President of the Manchester Philosophical Society and corresponding member of the Institute of France. The learned Profes sor, in each presentation, made a brief recital of the merits and distinctions of the doctors elect, and the Chancellor conferred the degree. Lord BROUGHAM, on presenting himself to deliver his inaugural address, was received with most enthusiastic cheering. He said, —Great as is the pleasure of meeting you on this occasion—great beyond my power of expression —there unavoidably mingle with these feelings others of a painful nature. All that surrounds us recalls the memory of those whom we have lost—the teachers of other days ; Dalzell, whose learned and useful labours contributed so much to revive the taste for Greek literature, which he was wont in somewhat irreverent terms to charge the Solemn League and Covenant with having extinguished, at least with having banished prosody from the native country of Buchanan; Dunbar, who most ably and effectually im proved upon his master; Playfair, deeply imbued with mathematical and physical science, possessing in the highest degree the talent so often wanting in its cultivators, of con veying instruction to others; Robison, master of the same science in all its branches, teaching it by his invaluable writings, and whose errors on subjects into which he made digressions, those who most differed from him were prone to excuse, almost to admire, from his perfect sincerity and honesty of purpose ; Stewart, illustrating the great geome trician's name, which he inberited with his genius, by a delicacy of taste and a bewitching eloquence so rarely found in alliance with such severe studies, and enabling him powerfully to inculcate the truths of the moral and politi cal science which he bore so ample a part in founding. While the voice of these men seems yet to fill the ears, the form of one yet more illustrious rises before me in all the grace of his venera'ele aspect, the father of modern chemis try, to whom we owe our acquaintance with the nature of the bodies that compose our planet nearly as much as from Newton we derive our knowledge of its relation to the uni verse. Yes I within these walls I enjoyed the happiness of sitting with his numerous class, in breathless silence and rivetted attention, while Black recounted the history of his immortal discoveries, and with his own hands performed the experiments by which they had been made, perhaps with the instruments he then used, acting over again before our eyes the same part which had changed the face of science, lay. ing the deep and brJad foundations of his imperishable re. nown. But there are other sad recollections that now force themselves on the mina—reollecticigi 4ftigstell9W-Ntudeuts c G/ / ~ -- _ • . thoroughl y i defeated in the long discu ss i on b y one more aster-ef all the d e t a il s of the complicated question than they could have believed it possible for any foreigner to become. My illustrious friend the Duke of Wellington had a like consummate acquaintance with whatever subject he was called upon to consider practically; among others may be mentioned his regimental economy and discipline, which Napoleon did not so well know, because he cared not so much for the cm:dolt; of his men, nor was at all sparing of their lives (a ;,eincipal object at all times with the Duke) but he he ;,1 a knowledge almost p' eternatural of the place wher:, each corps, or even company of his vast armies, was to be found at any given time, because this was ultimately, ",:onnected with the use he might make of what he some what unfeelingly termed " the raw material." These ex amples cited of the rule which forbids superficial know ledge absolutely, and prescribes going to the bottom of every subject, or part of any subject, we intead to barn, give it the sanction of the example of both those eminent men, and show that it is a cause of their invariable success. The effect of action and reaction upon the historian and the multitude. has Leen adverted to. As regards the actors in the affairs of the world it is not to be overlooked, and it may even afford some extenuation of their faults. The multitude are in a measure the accomplices, if not the instigators, of those who for selfish objects betray their interests and work their misery or their ruin. Seduced by the spectacle of triumphant force, stricken with wonder at the mere exercise of great fa culties with great success, men withdraw their eyes from the means by which the ends are attained, and lose their natural hatred of wickedness in their admiration of genius and their sense of power. It is truly a disinterested admira tion, for they themselves pay the price and their oppression with every suffering that misgovernment can inflict, is the result of the cruelty which they did not abhor, the meanness which they did not scorn, when dazzled with the false lustre shed over detestable or despicable deeds by brilliant capacity crowned with victory. Napoleon knew how safely he might rely on their delusion, and he knew that the people whom he enslaved and ruined were intoxicated with the glory which he gained and for which they so heavily paid. In one re spect at least he was less to blame than they ; he faced the danger, if he witnessed the miseries of war ; while they in perfect safety upheld him in his course to make their coun try unprofitably powerful by the slaughter of thousands and the misery of millions. Surely a most sacred duty is imposed upon the teachers of mankind, whether historians who record or reasoners who comment upon events, to exert all their powers for weaning them from this fatal de lusion ; to mark as their worst enemies those who. would cherish the feelings of mutual aversion or jealousy between nations connected by near neighbourhood, which makes hostility most pernicious, and friendly intercourse most beneficial ; and, above all, unceasingly to impress upon their minds the contrast between the empty renown of war, with its unspeakable horrors, and the solid glory of peace, as real as its blessings are substantial. It is said that the pre sent ruler of France returned from his successful campaign impressed with a deep sense of its horrors, and that his wise devotion to the peaceful improvement of the country has been stimulated by the recollection of the scenes he had witnessed. Let us hope and trust that no vile flat terer will ever succeed in tempting him to abandon his course, and that he will join all virtuous and rational men in discountenancing the feelings which, under his predecessor, were productive of such misery to France and to the world—feelings which imposed and still impose upon all neighbouring nations the heavy cost of unceasing watch fulness and preparation. It is not enough, however, that the instructors of the people, and especially of youth, avoid propagating dangerous errors, and implanting or encourag ing in their growth feelings hostile to the best interests of mankind. Their duty is to inculcate principles and cherish sentiments having the direct tendency to promote human, happiness. Now, the wisdom of ancient times, though it dealt largely wi;h the subject of our passions, and gene rally with the nature of man in the abstract, never stopped to regard as worthy of consideration the rights, the com forts, and the improvement of the community at large. The people were appealed to when advantage could be taken of their prejudices, or their feelings could be excited for a par ticular purpose ; their advancement in knowledge and re finement was little regarded, and he who devoted himself to tender them real service was v . ewed as going out of the ordinary path and seeking glory in a singular and fan tastic way. " Vide gums°, says Cicero, addressing Julius Ceases, "ne tua divine virtus admiration's plus sit habitura quam gloriaa ; si quiden gloria est illustris et pervagata multorum et magnorum vel in suos, vel in patriam , vel in crone genus hominum fame meritorum." (Pro Afar cello, viii.) The space was supposed impassable that sepa rates the vulgar from the philosopher and the statesman ; they were not even regarded as much above the brutes which perish. "Si ut sapientibus placet," says Tacitus, " non cum corpore extinguuntur magnas anima." A sounder philosophy and a purer religion have in modern times entirely abolished all such distinctians; and to con sult the interests and promote the improvement in every way of the great body of the people is not only the object of all rational men's efforts, but the best title to public respect and the direct road to fame. The instructors of youth have thus devolved upon them the duty of directing the minds of their pupils towards the most important purposes which their acquirements can serve to promote, the diffusion of knowledge among the people, and their general improve • went, inculcating the grand lesson of morals as well as of wisdom, that whatever they leatn, of whatever accomplish ments they become possessed, in a word, all their acquired talents as much as their natural gifts are a trust held for the benefit not more of themselves than of their fellow-crea tures, and of the use whereof they will one day have to ren der a strict account. The impressions left on the mind in early years are so lively that they last through life; and even when partially affected by other studies, or by the cares of the world, they still exert some influence, and may often be found ft.r more than is supposed to modify the counteracting and neutralizing influences which they cannot resist. This undoubted truth is not the less important for being often admitted, though there is reason to fear oftener admitted than acted upon in practice. The difference between ancient times and modern in one great particular cannot be too con stantly kept before the eyes of youth—the difference aris ing from the art of printing, and its important effect, the discussion of all questions by written addresses to much greater numbers :than can attend public meetings. The orator has thus a fellow-labourer, it may be a supporter or an opponent but certainly a rival, in the author, who no longer, as of old, addresses a select few at a different time, perhaps long after the occasion of the discussion, but ad dresses the same persons who form the orator's audience, and vast numbers besides, nearly at the same time and in the same circumstances. It is needless to observe how incalculably this increases the importance of the literary class of the community; and this never can be too deeply impressed upon the student. All the heavy responsibility which rests on this class should be unceasingly dwelt upon ; nor can there be a more :fit thing than to cite the words of Mirabeau, who held the literary character in the highest estimation glorying in the name of auth or , p rou d and not ashamed of receiving the wages of his labour ne cessary for his support, albeit of a house more under the dominion of family pride than any in France, to the excess of denying their relationship to the great engineer who belonged to their race (Itegueti), and conferred more real glory on them than all its other members. Mirabeau thus apostrophizes literary men : " Oh 1 would they but devote themselves honestly to the noble art of being useful! if their indomitable vanity would compound with itself and sacrifice fame to dignity I if, instead of vilifying one another, and tearing one another in pieces, and mutually destroying their influence, they wo u ld combine their exer tions and their labours to overthrow the ambitious who usurps, the impoatorwho deceives, the base who sells him self ; if, scorning the vile vocation of literary gladiators, they banded themselves like true brethren in arms against pre judice, falsehood, quackery, tyranny of whatever descrip tion, in less than a century the whole face of the earth would be changed !" It is pleasing, it is also useful, to reflect upon the tendency of academical studies to pierce beyond our walls, and by means of popular assemblies and the press to spread over the people the knowledge here acquired. Not only have the; lectures occasionally delivered by our Profes sors beyond the precincts had the happiest effect on the middle classes, but they have extended to the working men. It was, indeed, a pupil of this University (Birk beck), afterwards transferred to a quasi -collegiate chair at Glasgow, who 60 years ago made the great step of lecturing upon scientific subjects to the working classes. In the town where Watt in his workshop applied in philosophic principle the knowledge he had learned from Black to the construction of the great engine which has almost changed the face of the world, the attempt was most appropriately made, and with complete success, to demonstrate that the highest intellectual cultivation, and a keen relish for the 1 sublime truths ;of science, is compatible with the daily toils and cares of our humbler brethren. A further encouragement to the spread of such studies has been recently given by the English Universities in bestowing honours of a class subordinate to academical, after due ex amination. Ther t can be no doubt that we shall follow so admirable an example. The instructors of youth have no more important duty than to inculcate the great truth—oven through life worthy of a large share in the guidance of our conduct—that it is beneficence rather than benevolence, at least, benevolence shown in beneficence, which can be re garded as a virtue, and entitled to confidence and respect. Mere good disposition, unless guided by good judgment, may be admired as amiable, but must be barren of good fruit, and may even produce evil. Charity ill bestowed may prove more hurtful than selfishness; and they who have impove rished themselves or their heirs may find others yet more injured by their ignorance or errors, as gifts bestowed with the best intentions have been found to promote the immora lity and propagate the disease which they were desirous to prevent. Foundling and small-pox hospitals, both in Eng land and Ireland and on the continent, are the proofs, irut where the will to serve mankind unites with the knowledge how to serve them—where the will is followed by the deed, and the desire to do good is gratified at a personal sacrifice, there can be no greater merit in the eyes of a man, nor any, let us humbly affirm, more fitted to obtain the approval of Heaven. It is bountifully ordered that such conduct shall even in this life be rewarded both by an approving conscience gene rous rous acts are limited by our means, and we w can But only in a and by the delight which the reflection affords' few instances have this enjoyment. I have known a small circle of persons ho made a point of doing some act of —that is, daily on an average, keeping what kindness to individuals daily abnydaccitvsew wholehich have classes man Emperor, w f a vour had not been done. But such indul gences are confined by our circumstances or our n ecessary was h t e e d rm ee e te d e a d - " every Titus day account,"lost in which some deed of mercy or from the Ito scle compounda of our fellow-creatures cause to bless our nam es . Such is the duty, and such ought to be the pleasur e o f all men, each let u in his station, and at every age, f rom t h e entrance into beneficial avocations. tendency Then on a s larger active life down to its close, even of those whose years make it necessary to relax, though by no means to ive up their labours. From an enti re di scontinuance o f work they would vainly seek repose— . - v mesinitd W qtt a i s te v;r ac y an us t i e s fu a l mi fo n r d t dis hose tres w t h " ose had passed in camps or courts, "The want o f occupation is not rest, In former ti A m wearied with the turmoil and anxieties of war, or the busy restlessness of intrigue, to seek repose in the cloister, " In the deep solitudes and awful cells," where they fancied that " Heavenly pensive meditation dwells ;" and fondly hoped by superstitious observances to efface their own memory of evil deeds, or to propitiate Heaven by mortification which tormented themselves and benefited no one. Even many whose course had been blameless and who had only to lament the advance of age unfitting them for active life, sought the cloisteren shade with the same design of enjoying rest and seeking the Divine favour by unprofitable service. In our day a wiser and more virtuous course is taken by those who are no longer able to perform. all the duties which exhausted the strength of their youth.. They still feel able to contribute their share, though far less than they could wish, to the service of mankind . They trust that their solacing themselves with classical rs mimscences may be pardoned to their period of life, as Will as the prolixity of speech which attends it i and at any, •te they can abstain from hurtful and degrading es, I+/11/ /V4/44/+ P.ICE 4 1) , STAMPED, SD. enemies of our species. That in this as in everything else there is action and reaction cannot be doubted. The exist ence of the popular feeling in its strength beguiles the his torian, an instead of endea vo u r i ng t o rec l a i m , he I:'3°:r; to it. Sounder and bette r sen ti men t s might grad7, a lly b e diffused, and the bulk of m a n ki n d b e weaned tom this fat a l error, of which the heavy pri ce i s paid y themselves i n th e end. It is not to be denied that the , degree of reprobati on d ue to such crimes must practiceny depend upon the gee in which they have been committed and the nation to which the offender belongs. It would be a gross exaggeration of feelings right in themselves were the same blame attached to usurpation or conquest among eastern nations as among Europeans, or among Europeans in the dark ages as all, when calmly considering their conduct, without hesitation pronounce upon tyrants and conquerors in the present day. But ono consideration oftentimes referred to is never to be admitted as an extenuation, much less a defence of unjust hostilities—the propensity of man to war, called the incurable propensity by those who make no attempt to apply a remedy. This is the very worst and most vulgar form of necessity, or denying man's free-will, and impiously making Heaven the author of our guilt. But the absurdity is equal to the wickedness of the pretext. The self-same topic might be used in excuse or in palliation of the ordinary crimes of pillage an I murder —nay, might be applied as well to physical as moral evil. and given as a reason against using the lightning rod to protect us from the storm, or against taking precautions to escape the venom of the snake when his rattle warns us, or the fury of the tiger when he howls in the forest. Yet• what but the proneness of man to succumb under great genius, wickedly used, can be urged in extenuation of Napoleon's usurpation, by which he made France pay for her delivery from the anarchy and bloodshed of the Repub lic by the utter loss of her freedom, and in extenuation of his dreadful wars waged to gratify an almost insane ambi tion at the cost of the people's misery, and the massacre and pillage of her neighbours? From the height to which his crimes had raised him of all but Emperor of the West, and from the eminence so dearly purchased by the French, of having dictated terms to all the Sovereigns in their own capitals, he and they were hurled. Twice they had the bitter mortification of receiving the law in their own capital from those whom they had trampled upon ; and his fate and their humiliation were the work of h'adstrong passions blinding his reason after extinguishing his human feelings. The latest and best historian of his reign (M.Thiers), though filled with admiration of his genius, and, as if natural to human weakness., leaning towards the hero of his tale, has been compelled to account for his downfall by six capital errors committed through a lust of dominion which no con quest could satiate, and through the caprices which sooner or later are sure to spring up in the soil of despotic power uncontrolled. Of these six errors any one would have sufficed to shake, almost to subvert, his power; and every one of them had caused the destruction of thou sands, the wretchedness of millions. It would only be by a pervision of all right feelings that the spectacle of his fate could excite our pity, or that we should regard his ex pulsion from France amid the execrations of the people whom he had plunged into slavery, misery, and discomfi ture, his attempt at self destruction, his wretched end, a solitary prisoner in a remote island, as other than the just retribution by unexampled suffering for unexampled crimes ; by the pride which had for self-indulgence humbled all others being laid prostrate in its turn ; by that wretched ness falling at length on himself which whensover he had a purpose to serve he had never hesitated to make others undergo. Let it be that in every war which he waged, from his assumption of supreme power until his banishment to Elba, he was the aggressor; that each one was taken for his personal aggrandisement, with a thin disguise of national glory—the glory of France, of which he was not a native—and we have the measure of his guilt. The death of Enghien, the sufferings of Wright, the punishment of Palm (all proceeding from the excess of cruelty which fear is so apt to engender in a violent tem per), and the tortures of Toussaint, are often dwelt upon because the fortunes of individuals, presenting a more de: finite object to the mind, strike our imagination and rouse our feelings more than wretchedness in large masses less distinctly perceived. The outrage upon religion by his de claring himself a Mahometan to further his views in Egypt, and the equal outrage upon morality by the mingled force and fraud in his circumvention of the Spanish princes, have in like manner been singled out as peculiar subjects of reproach. But to the ~eye of calm reflection the undertaking an unjustifiable war for a selfish purpose, or the persisting a day longer than is necessary in a contest which was begun on right grounds, presents a more grievous object of con templation, implies a disposition more pernicious to the world, and is fitted to call down a reprobation far more se vere. The history of later times, indeed of our own country, affords a contrast to the failings and the vices which we have been viewing, and the contemplation of which may well excite sorrow for the great genius which they perverted and abhorrence of the mischievous uses to which they turned it. Of our own illustrious captain and statesman, who de feated all Napoleon's Marshals in the cause of his country and her allies, and who ended by overcoming Napoleon him self, it might not be fit to speak in this way; because, though no one can haveihe least doubt how he would have acted in a like position, yet he never had the opportunity of declining an assumption of power bey the law. But in Washington we may contemplate eve cellence, military and civil, applied to the service of his country and of man • kind—a triumphant warrior, unshaken in confidence when the most sanguine had aright to despair, a successful ruler in all the difficulties of a course wholly untried—directing the formation of a new government for a great people, the first time so vast an experiment had ever been tried by man— voluntarily and unostentatiously retiring from supreme power with the veneration of all parties, of all nations, of all mankind, that the rights of men might be conserved, and that his example might szerver be appealed to by vulgar tyrants. It will be the duty of the historian and the sage, in all ages, to omit no occasion of commemorating this illustrious, man ; and until time shall be no more will a test of the progress which our race has made in wisdom and in virtue be defined from the veneration paid to the immortal name of Washington. But though the offence is great of passing over the crimes *of eminent men without duly expressing the abhorrence or contempt which they raise in all rational and virtuous minds, care must be taken to describe fully their merits, to set forth their great qualities, and to admit those good ones which are sometimes found even in wicked and wholly unprincipled men, and much more in those whose crimes are an exception to their general character. The interests of justice and the truth of history require this candid statement ; but it must be added that the benefits are not inconsiderable which re sult from dwelling on these better parts, and pressing them on men's minds with the authority of great names which may influence some, while their example must arrest the attention of all. Thus the wickedness of Henry V.'s wars of mere plunder, and his feebleness in sacrificing Oldcastle, the most distinguished person of the age, to the fury of bigots whom he was courting, must ever be related with a full ad mission, not indeed of the benefits which our Constitution derived from the cost of his expeditions requiring the popu lar consent to his supplies, but of his great capacity as a commander, his general sincerity and frankness, so rare in princes and stateimen of these thins, and his freedom at least from such a stain of cruelty as attaches to the memory of his uncle, the Black Prince, whom Mr. Hums describes as a per fect character, to the hour of his death "unstained by any blamable action," suppressing the massacre of 3000 persons of both sexes and all ages at Limoges before his face in his last illness. So the unjust and sanguinary wars of Edward 111. with Scotland and France must not shut our eyes to his great talents both in the field and in government, to the mildness of his administration, and to the improvements he effected both in our jurisprudence and in our Constitution. When we describe the political fraud and falsehood of Elizabeth, her maltreatment of Mary, and her covert at tempts to take her off by assassination, her sacrifice of Davidson for obeying her commands for the execution, in order to support her false denial of those commands, we must at the same time commemorateher great qualities for govern ment, by which she preserved the peace of her dominions in a season of extreme dif f iculty from religious as well as poli tical dissensions, and her allowing no influence whatever in the management of public affairs to those favourites with whom indeed she led a life of indulgence little sanctioned by most Protestant historians. But far w. rse princes, while justly held up to reprobation for their tyranny, and to contempt for their sordid schemes carried into execution at the public expense, in fact by the plunder of their subjects, deserve just commendation for their encouragement of the arts and advancing the improvement of their country. In stead of denying all merit to Lorenzo de Medici, or ascribing his munifict nce to vanity, we are only to lament that his accomplishments and his patronage of genius should have dazzled good men, friends of liberty as well as of letters, and blinded them to the conduct of one•who enslaved his coun- try, directed its resources by a serious of fraudulent devices to his own profit, treacherously intrigued to sub vert the power of his neighbours, shed the blood of his adversaries at home, sometimes by his official tools, sometimes by delivering them over to the mob, when their atrocious offences against him might have been surely visited by the law. Take even the worst of rulers, those whose cruelty and profligacy are the detestation of all man kind, our own Richard 111. and the Borgias. The for mer is believed upon light evidence to have committed many crimes besides those of which there can be no doubt, while just praise is not giv en to hi s ca p ac ity, hi s courage, hisimprovement of our jurisprudence, and the mildness of his . government to all but the nobles ; and the latter (the Borgias) have not been generally noted as they deserved for their talents in government, their protection of learning, and especially their promotion of the important study of jurisprudence. The caprice of historians in some sort resembles that of the vulgar, either struck by signal turpitude and regarding it as prevailing generally, and ex cluding all exceptions, or only securing the exception, and making it the rule of decision. A Borgia is held incapable of any good of any kind ; a Lorenzo incapable of evil. No thing can tend more to keep men in ignorance than such exaggerations ; and they have the hurtful effect of intercept ing the instruction which a contemplation of the real state of the facts in each case is fitted to impart. The ills that have proceeded from the great scourge of later days have been adverted to, as well as the mischievous effects of the admiration which he excited, and which unhappily has not ceased to inspire the people whom he most injured. But some of his great qualities it would be impossible to admire too much ; and though his genius may be pronounced in imitable, in some things his example may be followed, and . it is therefore fit that these should be recorded. There is, indeed, an obvious expediency in dwelling rather upon qua lities the example of which may lead to imitation, than upon genius however calculated to command admiration—genius which consists in the rare gifts of rich fancy, perception of resemblance and differences not app 'rent to ordinary minds but admitted by all as soon as suggested, quick and sure judgment, and the power of not only abstracting the atten tion from all objects save one, but of directing and concen trating it upon that one. This is what we call genius, the gift of very few, and the works of which ale to be admired at an awful distance. The ordinary qualities which diligent study and a fixed desire to excel may place more or less within the reach of all are most fit to be recommended by the example and the success of distinguished individuals. Of these Napoleon possessed two in an eminentd , e , gr T ee ake ; the can never be sufficiently . kept in mind, an d they are of universal application the strict eco nomy of time, in compliance with the maxim, care of the minutes, the hours will take c are o f themselves ;" and the habit of invariably mastering the whole of veaatever subject or part of a subject he considered himself interested in being acquainted with. The captain who conveyed him to Elba expressed to me his as t on i shment at his precise and, as it were, familiar knowl e d ge of all the minute details connected with the ship. I heard from one connected with the great Helvetic mediation (1802) that, though the deputies soon found how hopeless they were of succeeding with the Vast Cousin, yet they felt themselves PLAILICATIONS. P. DEDICATED Ts) THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., THE CURATES OF RIVERSOALE : RECOLLECTIONS in the LIFE of a CLERGYMAN. WRITTEN by HIMSELF. Hurst & Blackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street. yers 30s 48s —a 18 to nests ) 30s )483 ) 486 isk ; - ()No ) 40s ) 285 fair 52s fine qr. ; •-13, ith a se'n 2s to rley, fain ) 35a 460. s per igfi• 9. a• 0 14 0 23 0 17 0 22 6 40 0 the yne her lue last fe of 4 of field, Imo, ,R, [t; ,129 Of