The Sun. — London, England, 1860-02-22 00:00:00

BENSON'S WATCHES.I " Perfection of mechanism."•—Morning Poet. Gold Watches 4 to 100 guineas. Silver Watches 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. Bend 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet on Watches RO YAL ENGLISH OPERA,' COVENT-GARDEN. Under the management of Miss L. Pyne and Mr.W. Harrison. r TO-MORROW EVENING, will be produced a grand Opera, entitled LURLINE, by W. Vincent Wallace. Mess Louis9rs. W. Harrison, Santley, Corri, and G. Haney ; Misses . Fyne, Pilling, and F. Cruise, Conductor, Alfred Mellon. To conclude with the new grand pantomime, called PUSS IN BOOTS ; or, Harlequin and the F air yof the Golden Palms. Messrs. W. H. Payne , H. Payne, F. Payne, Barnes, Tallien, Infants Lauri, and Miss Clara Morgan. Doers open at halt-past 6—Commence at 7. T- HE A TRE-ItOYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. TO-MORROW EVENING, will be performed a new and oricinal Comedy, in three acts, entitled THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. C. Mathews, Buckstone, Compton Chip pendale, Mrs. C. Mathews, Miss Weekes, and Mrs. Wilkins. After which, the new Haymarket Comic Christmas Panto mime, VALENTINE'S DAY; or, Harlequin and the Fairy of the True Lovers' Knot. The pantomimists the unrivalled Leclereqs. TREATRE-ROYAL LYCEUM.- Sole Lessee and Directress, Madame Celeste. Brilliant and Increased Success of the new Drama—Colette Dubois and Therese Detarge, by Madame Celeste. TO-MORROW EVENING, a new Drama, A TALE OF TWO CITIES, by Tom Taylor, Esq., from the story of that name by Charles Dickens, Esq. Principal characters by Mr. James Vining, Walter Lacy, Villiers, louse, Forrester, J. Johnstone, T. Lyon, Morton, Palmer, White, 11. Butler, Clifford, and Fredericks ; Misses Kate Saville, Stuart, Turner, Mrs. Campbell, and Madame Celeste. After which, will be produced the Grand Christmas Ex travaganza and Pantomime, KING THRUSEIBEARD, the LITTLE PET and the•GItEAT PASSION, in which is pre sented one of the most novel, costly, and brilliant effects ever witnessed -designed and painted by Mr. William Callcott.— Bing Thrushbeard, Miss Julia St. George. Commence at 7. Martin's-le-Grand, as her Britannic MAJESTY'S Postmaster-General ! Whatever has occurred since to complicate anew the Chinese Question—whether the work of recomplication be that brought about at home here amongst ourselves, or abroad yonder et the mouth of the Peiho—the blame in no imaginable way attaches to Lord ELGIN. For the rekindling of the flame of war that noble earl is clearly in no way whatever responsible. The calamity has arisen from causes beyond the influence of his benignant and triumphant policy. The tur pitude of the Chinese, the treachery of their das tardly ambuscade, the infamous preparation by them of the masked batteries of the Peiho fortifications — these and no errors in the policy of Lord ELGIN were the sources of these new disasters, the obvious causes of this third war between the English and the Chinese. Then, what need, it may be asked, of Lord ELGIN'S explanations yesterday ? Those explanations were, in a manner, incumbent upon his lordship for three reasons—because he was charged with a pusillanimous evasion of re sponsibilities—because he was accused of un necessary severity to the Chinese—because he was in a manner distinctly arraigned before the country and before Parliament by the late mar time Commander-in-Chief on the Chinese station, charged by Admiral Sir MICHAEL SEYMOUR with having disingenuously in his (SirMicHAEL's) regard, " hinted a fault and hesitated dislike!" These were the three points upon which Lord ELGIN, last evening, offered to his peers a full and complete explanation. In regard to the firs* ^'- that of • ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. Re-engagement of the Wonderful Danc , ,r, Mons. Espinosa. First appearance of Mdlle. Marietta Rosetta, Principal Dan seuse of La Scala, Milan ; and the Delapierre Family. These highly-talented Children will appear every night. The Royal Princess's Rifles on parade every evening. THIS EVENING, the Comedy of MONEY. Messrs. Geo. Melville, Ryder, Frank Mathews, AViddicomb, Saker, Garden, Graham ; Misses Carlotta Lee' — and Mrs Charles volinf, r.ATRE - ROYAL, AD ELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Second Week of Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Wigan. This Evening (Ash Wednesday) No Performance. TO-MORROW EVENING, to commence with TIIE BENGAL TIGER. Messrs. Alfred Wigan, J. L. Toole, Eburne, Mrs. A. Wigan, and Mrs, Billing,ton. After which (by desire, at eight o'clock), and for Ibis night only, THE DEAD HEART. Messrs. Benjamin Webster, J. L. Toole, David Fisher, P. Bedford, C. J. Smith, Billington, Powell, Romer, Miss Woolgar, K. Kelly. Doors open at half-past six—Commence at seven. Box- Office open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats, nor fer bills of performance. All fees to servants of this establishment are strictly prohibited. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. ROYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. Directress, Miss Wyndham. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and Westminster, the Park being open to carriage■ and toot passengers all hours of the night. - TO-MORROW, MAGIC TOYS. Miss Lydia Thompson. After which, FIRST AFF EuTIONS. Messrs. 11. T. Craven, G. Spencer, and Miss Wyndham. Followed by a new burlesque called DIDO. Mr. Charles Young, Mesdames Wyndham, Clara St. Casse, Murray, Eliza Arden, C. Ranoe, A. Evans, and Corps de Ballet. To conclude.with I WILL, IF YOU WILL. Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, ls. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half—past six; perform ance commences at 7. CANTERBURY HALL THIS EVENING, LUCREZIA BORGIA, (Donizetti). CONCERTS.- Donna Lucrezia Miss Russell. Maffio Orsini Mrs. Anderson. ennaro Mr. Henry Herbert. Don Altonzo Signor Tivoli. Conductor—Mr. Jonglim ans. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchtield, and E. W. Mackney. Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified. and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant eights of the metropolis. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, FEB. 22, 1860. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 44—highest since noon yesterday. 38—lowest this morning and during the night. 42—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30 ; rising. WIND, North-Easterly ; fresh, with dull cold weather. lIIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. 35m.—Afternoon, 2h. 51m, To-moßttow.-Morning, :3h. 6m.—Afternoon, 3h. 21m, 4 ; A !re . 0 4 le . `Z , t _ ,k,.... 61.- 32( 4,A.5. „..„,4 ...:,.,!- ..\--,,, , ' • ~,,, , ,,,:j 's 4 ,, •••.%.„: PT ' 0 , .X....... , ,,,..L , Q2211.:._, ..7- , .2. -- t•-• -- i _,, , ":0 -, " ' ....,uacil pi v- .0 e.kcnange the ratifications. Had there been any one in the other house qualified to give an answer, or to explain the occurrence, it would have been seen that I was never charged with the ratifications of the treaty at Pekin, that they were never placed in my possession, and that I never had the option of going to Pekin. No doubt it was the obvious, proper, and natural course to charge the Minister remaining permanently in China with such duties, but if it was intended to imply a doubt of my readiness and willingness to discharge the most difficult and disagreeable portion of the mis sion entrusted to me, 1 think the sting of such an insinuation would have been removed by such an answer as I have suggested, and by explaining the real facts of the case." Surely not a syllable fur ther upon this point can be deemed for a single moment necessary. In regard to the second charge, that of needless severity to the Chinese, thus spoke Lord ELGIN immediately, and without one instant's hesitation :—" On an- other occasion some very severe reflections were passed on me by an hon. gentleman whose speech I first read in an American review, and in which it was alleged that I exhibited undue harshness because I pressed that on the Chinese which my colleagues did not. That hon. gentleman might have bees, reminded that I did not go out to China without instructions; that it was not a matter of choice with me whether I should put forward these demands on the Chinese Govern ment; and, above all, that I should have assumed a most serious responsibility had I abstained from pressing the demand for a re sident Minister at Pekin in the face of positive instructions ; that I was obliged to have re course to coercive measures in China ; that I was not to make permanent arrangements, or, to use an euphonism, amicable commercial relations with China, until the object of the mission was accom plished." As to the point in dispute between Lord ELGIN and Sir MICHAEL SEYMOUR that will be very shortly cleared up beyond the possibility of further doubt by the publication of the forth coming supplementary correspondence between them. In the meantime Lord ELGIN has, in the most frank and candid manner, offere d his acknowledgments for the eminent services by which the members of the Royal Navy out in those seas meritoriously forwarded, according to his own showing, the progress, and efficiently con duced to the success, of his swift and memorable expedition. TII E S UN. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 22, 1860. The explanations given by the Earl of ELGIN, in the House of Lords last evening, as to his Chinese policy, and incidentally also as to his policy in regard to the Japanese, were as complete as they were temperate and satisfactory. It seems a strange thing that the noble lord should have had cause, however, for entering upon these same explana tions. For his mission to the East stands almost, we believe we might without much temerity ven ture to say, altogether without any parallel in the history of British diplomacy—as for that matter, indeed, in the annals of the diplomacy of modern civilisation. It was a mission so very rapidly and skilfully brought to a triumphant conclusion ! In writing of it thus, we are reverting to facts that are world-famous, and that are still vividly within the recollection of the general multitude. It cannot but be remembered very distinctly as an incident, so to speak, but of yesterday that the tidings of the happy negotiation of the treaties of peace entered into respectively with the Chinese and Japanese Governments, by the Eerl of ELGIN, as her Britannic MAJESTY'S Plenipoten tiary Extraordinary, came to this country as really and truly a Radiant Surprise. England was scarcely aware that those negotiations had com menced, when she learnt with wonder that they had been brought to a successful termination. The war with China (our second war with China, dating from the affair of the lorcha Arrow), had hardly begun before it was ended. The war with Japan can scarcely be said to have ever been seri ously commenced. The barriers of seclusion from ourselves, and from nearly all the rest of the world, crumbled into dust, we might almost say, without profanity, like the walls of Jericho, at the sound of the trumpets of the Israelites. All our demands—which were in themselves by no means unreasonable—were readily acceded to. Relations were established upon a rational foot ing here between China and England—there be tween the English and the Japanese. Neither of these renowned Asiatic races proved in any way either politically obdurate or socially barbarians. The Japanese, indeed, when our naval officers and diplo matists came to move amongst them turned out to be really and truly civilised gentlemen. The Chinese we had always appreciated as a race both ingenious and industrious—we now learned to hope in their rega r d th at they c would at last consent to yield to all desirable facilities of intercommunication with the rest of the world, begin n i ng with our selves, hitherto regarded by them askance, and w ith profound suspicio n , as outer barb ar i ans . Having with this surprising rapidity and complete ness effected all the great objects entrusted to his tare as a diplomatist, as Her MAJESTY'S Plenip o _ teL'tiary Ntrtit the Chinese and Japane se Govern returned home as th e most vic inestss, Lord ELGIN torious of all pacific conquerors. His mission in effect was from first to last so satisfactorily accom• plished, that no sooner was the DERBY Ministry ousted by the Coalition under those " two Kings of 13Tentford smelling at one rose," Lord JOHN Rus s Es. and Lord PALMERSTON, than the nation saw— -in evidence of his Chinese mission having been stbeolulictly completed and done with—the ex- Anal l aagador to the East installed in office at St. Thursday and Friday evenings will, in all human probability, compensate for the wonderfully dull debate of yesterday. We shall then hear the great guns firing away at one another in earnest—in stead of watching a mere preliminary skirmish like that of last evening. Yesterday, in fact, it was simply the pawns that were brought forward on the chessboard of Parliament—the game in real earnest has not yet commenced. Mr. Du CANE, with no inconsiderable ability, thrust forward his very trenchant and two-edged resolution, revised, or, so to speak, re-stropped, for a cut to the right at the Treaty, to the left at the Budget, thus : " That this House, recognising the necessity of providing for the increased expenditure of the coming financial year, is of opinion that it is not expedient to add to the existing deficiency by diminishing the ordinary revenue, and is not prepared to disappoint the just expectations of the country by re-imposing the Income-tax at an unnecessay high rate." Can any sane man deny the reasonableness of either the e o x ne ped o i r ent th o e f o a t d h d e i r na of to the t s h e e p e r x o i p st o i s n i g tion d s efi ? cie T no h y e by diminishing the ordinary revenue, points, of course, as any one can see with half an eye, to the " Sop to Cerberus," the Peace Offering of remitted duties upon French produce and upon French ma nufactures (without an equivalent !) to the tune of £1,000,000 ! An addition to the already enor mous deficit (caused, as we all know, by Mr. COBDEN'S FRENCH TREATY) which is charm ingly made up (as we also very well know) through Mr. GLADSTONE'S FRENCH BUDGET by the additional Id. in the £1 upon the income-tax, that additional penny representing the requi re d £1,000,000 ! No one wanted this Secret Treaty —least of all English Free Traders, who, upon principle, look with jealousy upon all rigid commercial treaties as things of the past — particularly regarding with jealousy a treaty in which the reciprocity is all on one side, a treaty in which if Monsieur has incontestably his quo, while poor English Jack looks in vain for his compensa tive quid ! Above all and beyond all earnest Free Traders must look with suspicion upon a treaty so very secretly negotiated—and negotiated, too, in this particularly secret manner, between the Imperial ruler of the most formidable military power upon the Continent, and an English mer chant, who, besides being the chief of all living Free Traders, is one of those most notoriously labouring under the Peace-at-any-Price hallucina tion! This is the price of the Peace Treaty nego tiated by Jr. COBDEN—the uncompensated remission by England of another £1,000,000, to be added to an already large deficiency, to bo made up by another by the i ncrease o f th e I ncome T a x £1,000,000! And to what end? To please his Imperial Majesty the Emperor NAPO LEON III! To afford gratification to the French Protectionists ! To do all this in the name of Free Trade! And for the sake of Peace to pay thus out of the pockets of ),he English people for the luxury of a War Budget—raising on the Income Tax £10,000,000, and expending on the Army and Navy £30,000,000 ! How else, however, pay the required £70,000,000 upon the year ? How ? Certainly not by unnecessarily diminishing our ordinary revenue in the time of a gigantic deficit ! Certainly not by imposing in a time of peace (and, forsooth, in the name of peace !) a war tax like this cruel income tax, amounting to tenpence in the £l, or to a total upon the year of £10,000,000 ! If we needs must have this war-tax at all in a time of peace, why not continue it at 5d., instead of imposing it at 10d. in the Ll ?—raising by a LOAN (that would spread the burthen upon the future) the additional amount that might be required to make up this frightful deficiency—a LOAN yielding some £4,000,000 or £5,000,000 ? These are the vitally important questions that will have to be answered in the House of Commons upon Thursday or Friday night, or, more probably, early on Saturday morn ing, by the result of the Division ! LATEST NEW &. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : VIENNA, WEDNtSDAY. The Weiner Zeitung of to-day says :—" We learn that the question concerning the capability to pos sess landed property by Jews of those provinces not mentioned in yesterday's Imperial Decree, is re served for decision by the future representatives of the country." ROME, TUESDAY' M. Thouvenel's dispatch of the 12th was pre sented two days ago by the Duke of Grammont to the Holy Father. The Secretary of the Roman States has in his reply confined himself to stating that immediately upon receiving the orders of the Sovereign Pontiff he will place the Nuncio at Paris in a position to communicate the intentions of the Papal Goverment. The most influential members of the Holy College affirm that the Pope holds in readiness a motu proprio, already signed, realising the promises of Gaeta, but that before promulgating this motu proprio Pius IX. demands that the patri mony of St. Peter shall be guaranteed to him. BERLIN, TUESDAY, FEB. 21. The New Prussian Gazette says :-- " We learn that a proposal of the Cabinet of St. Petersburg for the assembling of a Conference of the five great Powers has been forwarded to Paris, and that Prussia has joined in the proposal." MADRID, FEB. 21. The following official bulletin from the army in Africa has been published:— "The Moors having prepared to cannonade Melilla, Brigadier Buceta, then convalescent, at tacked and carried their positions. The Spanish loss was 31 men. Brigadier Buceta re-entered Melilla more indisposed than before, and confided the command to the Colonel. The Moors, being ve ry numerous, recaptured their positions, but Brigadier Buceta returned, and again carried them, with the loss of 182 men." VIENNA, FEE. 21. An Imperial decree of to-day concedes to the Jews of Lower Austria, Moravia, Silesia, Hungary, theyiovodina, and the Banat, Croatia, Sclavonia, Dalmatia, and the littoral districts, the right of possessing real property. They cannot, however, exercise the rights of patronage, jurisdiction, or scholastic representation attached to such pos session. They may become agricultural proprietors if, in compliance with the law, they are domiciled upon their establishments, and cultivate the land themselves• In Galicia, the Bukowina, and Cracow the rights enjoyed by Christians connected with the possession of real property are granted to those Jews who have been educated at the colleges, or at commercial, nautical, or mining academies, or officers in the army. Other Jews may at present only acquire such real property as was permitted by the law before 1848, and may farm landed property belonging to the Crown, but not real property of the kind styled Russkal farms. ROME, FEB. 18' (via MARSEILLES.) Twenty-five English Catholic deputies have pre sented to the Pope a protest from the faithful, which has afforded great consolation to the Holy Father. The army of the Romagna has received rein forcements. The Archduke Maximilian has sent to the Popo 2,000 capotes, a battery, and some cavalry. FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY. The 2tloniteur publishes the official return of the Customs revenue for the month of January, amount ing to 13,611,237 f., being an increase of 1,022,990 f. on the corresponding month of 1859, and of 1,383,232 f. on that of 1858. The circular despatch of M. Thouvenel on the Roman question appears to have caused a great sensation at Vienna, if we may judge from the comments there made on it by the journals. The Ost Deutsche Post speaks of it as follows : "We lately did violence to our judgment in appreciating the relations between France and Austria. Wishing to preserve to our country that peace of which it stands so much in need, we took care not to throw oil on the flames, and expose the conduct of France with regard to Austria. We however painful it may some ti mes be ourselves the same reserve , longssollal toshall u osn' t continue, impose a t s n thueer' on there is reason to hope for an arrange ment and reconciliation. But the despatch of M. Thouvenel to the Duke de Gramont shows that at Paris a pretext for a quarrel with Austria has been long and perseveringly sought for. It is wished, as last year, to force Austria to depart from her re serve and accept the duel. Let us therefore watch with redoubled attention in order that the adver sary may not succeed in his game without letting his mask fall. Let us be moderate, and self-pos sessed. Such arguments as those contained in the despatch in question cannot but be useful to us before the impartial judgment of Europe.'' The following letter is said to have been ad dressed by the Count de Chambord to one of the most eminent of those who have advocated the cause of the Papacy . _ _ " Venice, Jan. 25. " You have just rendered, sir, to religion and to society a service for which I feel the necessity of thanking you. A dark policy believed the moral sense to be weakened, and opinion sufficiently kept down, to venture, under a vain appearance of zeal and affected meekness, to justify, encourage, and promote, after having formally promised to pre vent an odious act of spoliation, the inevitable consequences of which would be to establish every where force in the place of right. In truth, what possession is there more ancient, more legitimate, more worthy even by its very weakness, of all re spect, more. frequently guaranteed by treaties, more generally proclaimed as necessary for the tranquil lity of the world, than the temporal dominions of the Papacy ? How can we do otherwise than recognise in this work of ages a decree of Provi dence securing to the Chief of the Church, the principal source and venerated centre of Chris tian civilisation, the spiritual independence which is necessary for the fulfilment of its holy and salutary mission ? Who but must feel that to annul a right so sacred is to annul every other right ? To despoil the Sovereign in the person of the successor of St: Peter is to menace all sovereigns ; and to overthrow his throne, which has stood a thousand years, is to sap the foundations of every throne. It is sad to see France thus made use of as the instrument against her own conscience, her heart, her tradi tions, and all her interests, in order to carry out a tt e mpts which can end only in now convulsions. Thus, in this common danger, to the voice of the Episcopacy, which has raised the cry of alarm, are joined other voices no less courageous, no less zealous, in support of the cause of right and of liberty, confounded and attacked at the same time as they are in their august representative the Pontiff- King. But no one has done so with more energy, reason. Went, and eloquence than M. -, and I have read, not without being deeply affected, what he says at its close to a Pontiff so meek, so con fiding, so generous, and now so tried by affliction. (The Count de Chambord here quotes a passage from the pamphlet alluded to, which en courages the Pope to resist, and to defend his rights, and with them the rights of the weakest Sovereign.) " May those noble and touching words be heard by all ! How much to be regretted is it that, under the pressure which now keeps down in the depths of the heart the most noble senti ments, the absence of a wise liberty, abandoning to the mercy of arbitrary will all rights and all onprinciples,,leaveswithut defence, without protec tion, the exp ress i on of my wi thout e guarantee , . ~ the dea rest' interests of France, of religi on , an d of society. gratitude, - -." HENRY." TUE BOURSE, Feb. 21.--The market has been THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 22, 1.F.6R firm-awing,tathe.clivision on Mr. Disraeli's amend ment and the majority of 63 given to the English Cabinet. Threes, after having been done at 67f 85c, improved to 67f 95c. Mobilier varied from 742 f 50e to 747 f 50c—Austrian, 498 f 75e to 501 f 25c—Lombard, 543 f 75e to 542f—Lyons, 882 f 50e to 883 f 75c—Orleans, 1,360 f to 1,362 f 50c. The following are the last quotations :- 4f per Cents. .... 97 85 Credit Foncier 740 Do. end month .. 97 90 Belgian 4±, •.. • 3 per Cents 6B Piedmonten (5) Do. end month 6B Roman Bank Shares. 2805 Austrian Cr6dit Mobilier 747 50 Spanish Threes Do. Account Home Debt 80 25 77 50 43 75 AMERICA. The following telegram has been received a' Mr. Reuter's office : QUEENSTOWN, FEB. 22. The Montreal Ocean Mail steamer North Ame rican, Captain Aiton, from Portland, on the 11th inst., has arrived. She landed the English and Scotch mails. The North Briton arrived out on the Bth inst., having picked up the crew of the brig Eliza Grieves, which had been wrecked. The barque Emily, which was recently brought ) New York as a slaver, escaped and sailed for ie African coast. The Chamber of Commerce has memorialised gress, soliciting mediation between France, England, and China. A heavy gale raged yesterday in New York. Both bridges to Jersey were demolished,, and the city ferry was unroofed. The Catholic Orphan Asylum was destroyed.; a large factory was broken ; and 100 other buildings in the neighbourhood were damaged. Twenty four vessels were more or less damaged. No loss of life reported. Advices from Bogota state that the Catholic clergy had collected many bibles which had been distributed by the London Bible Society. The bibles were burnt in the public square. Fifty houses had been burnt at Valparaiso. Great indignation was manifested at Buenos Ayres in consequence of the Briti,h squadron attacking the steamer on board which General Lopez embarked for Paraguay. The steamer backed her engines and got ashore. General Lopez re turned to Buenos Ayres. The Nova Scotian Cabinet had resigned. A new Ministry had been formed under Mr. Wm. Young. The following will probably be the new Govern ment :—Hon. Wm. Young, Leader of the Govern ment (without office) ; Hon. Joseph Howe, Provin cial Secretary ; Hon. Adam Archibald, Attorney- General. Other offices yet unknown. The house was adjourned for a month. NEW YORK, FEB. 10. Stocks rather higher. Exchange and money un altered. Cotton a shade better. Sales, 1,600 bales. Middling Upland, 111 c. Corn quiet. Provisions unchanged. Sugar firm. Freight unaltered. NEW ORLEANS, FEB. 7. Cotton, higher. Sales, 10,000 bales. NEW ORLEANS, FEB. 8. Cotton market stiffer, but no quotable change since yesterday. Sales 20,000 ; freight to Liver pool 9-16 d., cash. (LATEST BY TELEGRAPH.) NEW YORK, FEB. 11. Cotton unchanged. NEW ORLEANS, FEB. 10. Sales of cotton to-day 10,000 bales, market firm. Receipts of the week 85,000 bales; receipts ahead of last year 518,000 bales. Freights unchanged. Sterling exchange, 71 to 8k premium. ENGLAND AND FRANCE.—We are requested to state that the essays intended for the adjudication of Lord Brougham, the Earl of Clarendon, and the Earl of Shaf tesbury, must bo sent in to the Rev. Dr. Emerton, Han well College, Middlesex. His Excellency the Netherlands Minister has returned to town from a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort at Badminton, and to Lord and Lady Llanover at Llanover, South Wales. Lady Trevelyan and Miss Trevelyan have left Farrance's Hotel for Southampton, to embark for India to join Sir Charles Trevelyan at Madras. The Right Hon. T. Sotheron-Estcourt was pre vented from attending the House of Commons on Monday night by indisposition. - - ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN.— Her Majesty, his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, her Royal Highness the Princess Alice, and her Royal High ness the Princess Helena, attended by the Countess of Desart, Lord De Tabley, Lord Charles Fitzroy, and the Hon. Dudley de Ros, honoured the performances last even ing with their presence. The opera selected was " Dino rah," preceded by "Romance," and concluding with the fairy rifle scene from the pantomime of " Puss in Boots." ITALIAN OPERA.—The hundred tongues of rumour are loudly asserting all over the town that Mr. E. T. Smith has positively taken her Majesty's Theatre for the approaching season. We have reason to know that this is not yet the case, although the report is by no means unfounded, negotiations having already arrived at a very advanced stage. "It is on—all but the heel," as Baron Pompolino says of Cinderella's fairy slipper. In the meantime we are certain that Mr. E. T. Smith will again take the field with Italian opera. WHY P—A little girl, showing her little cousin, about four years old, a star, said, " That star you see up there is bigger than this world." " No, it aint," said he. " Yes, it is." "Then, why don't it keep the rain off ?" We have reason to believe that Lord Palmerston has submitted the name of the Rev. Dr. Vaughan to the Queen as the new Bishop of Rochester. Dr. Vaughan was lately Master of Harrow. We understand that a requisition is in caurse of signature to Mr. Cubitt, of Denbies, near Croydon, request ing him to stand for West Surrey, in the Conservative interest. VOLUNTEER RIFLE CORPS.—The patriotic ex ample of Mr. Charles Ratcliff, of Birmingham, who has raised and e7direly equipped a company of 100 men at his sole expense, has been followed by Lady Rolle, who has offered to defray the whole of the cost of a company of 60 men from Budleigh, Salterton, and neighbourhood. THE " INTERNATIONAL " PRIZE FIGHT.--At the Isle of Ely sessions, the chief constable, in his report to the magistrates, observed—" A prize fight for the so-called championship of England is advertised to take place on the 16th of April, between an Englishman and an American. These disgraceful exhibitions could hardly take place in this locality if the directors of the railway were to follow the ex ample of the South-Eastern directors and refuse the comba- j tants and their friends special trains." The chief constable also, addressing the magistrates, said he should like steps to be taken to prevent the belligerents visiting the isl e . During the last five years, he added, the local police expenses incurred solely on account of prize fights had been in 1855, £3 11s. 11d. ; 1856, £6 ls. 6d. ; 18 5 7, £ 5 89 . 3 d. ; 1 8 58, £3 7s. 4d. ; 1859, £3 ls. sd.—making a total of £2l 10s. sd. The locality selected for the approaching fight is a's the junction of three counties, near Littleport, and he suggested that a letter should be written to the directors of the Eastern Counties Railway asking them not to grant a special train for the purpose of conveying the parties down. It was re solved that this should be done. THE AMERICAN WHALE FlSHERY.—Referring to the American whale fishery for 1859, the Peterhead Sen tinel says: —" The result is not so satisfactory as we had an o t i n ei u p l a n t b e e t r; indeed,of vessels i t w w a i s l lb e nearly seen 6 th cl a ; t tohne years,rt e h e a cos January, a indications nuNa,ry, 1860, it was only 571, showing a w de it c 7 i r t e a a n se a ,..ascor w e n t e p of a gradual decline. Going back seven ao fi rf n e o. h i Gt a h6 t ot t !line during p a; r la e i v nn i gd o u itth s i es y cecaaulrre,rueolufa current year. vessels, eathr .a t ware as ale, b onc 9 f 2 , 3 11 ,08‘5 e 051 ; b7 S p y e r r o n i , thiso,l4ilt appearstoidni.es,ir,;echxrowpgthyoe: Thethere wholewill b e76marsegogrrl imports fi s olr felling t s 5, at i n It. whale, s o i f 93 tonsi 6 tons; a s 1 . 1 d w b h l a e n l e o n : e. i t es respectively r opo e i lfu h , oainiisl During an.Btle:hi and an exc ess over th d e pi y in e ic a le r s: l ,9 B in s i B lin bonegl9 . t ,:),l n , 2e s ) ; ep ir b sl bane, 0 15; )\2 : v 3 2 8 s 1 3 383, _solb. st l io b s; largely exceeLls that of 1858, while that of whsaplerhnalsobile,eina light. As regards pric, the average of whale oil was, in In America same periods 9 8 '48. 5 5 8 98 , Nv '. s r' 3' 5 1 2; sol;:hadne.s,l.anpderin'3lBs9" 5s Bd. per and increasing a gallon, against we arc informed , both in America calculated that the price will go on increasing. TO sperm 7s. to Bs. in this country. Tis a is heresteady a d t e id m' E l t d iro fo p l e DIENT TO MR GLADSTONE.— A FRENCH COMM. Never in the course of Mr. G ladstone's brilliant career was it ho so well inspired as on th is occasion. Everybody will be struck at the largeness with which he comprehends and practically applies the principle of commercial liberty adopted by England, as one of the foundations o f her home and foreign policy. In presence of a considerableo Mr. Gladstone does not hesitate to propose new of duties for the sake of affording ease and giving activity to national industry, although in so doing he is obliged to in- T th il e e b c r o e l a d s n e es other s o f t t a h x e e s fi , e n s a p n e c c i i e a r l Iy i s the t one s a s ffe r in a r g k i a n b c l o e m t h e s a . n brilliancy of the Parliamentary orator.—Moniteur. RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans - Northern 917 50 .. 918 75 New ditto B3O .. 832 50 Lyons and Mediterranean BB5 887 50 Geneva 498 75 .. 500 Southern Western 5BO .. 580 Eastern Sardinia.ta Austrian Lombard .... ITALY. The six candidates for the Colleges of Turin selected by the Electoral Committees of that city are—MM. Cavour, Cassinis, Vegezzi, iticasoli, Mi glietti, and Notta. Sir James Hudson has returned to Milan from Turin. The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa states that great activity is observable in the Sardinian War Department since the appointment of Ge neral Fanti to that portfolio. The number of batteries in the army is being raised to 30, eight of which consist of ordnance on a new system of rifled cannon. All the battalions are being strength ened, and the infantry is being armed with the French rifled musket. R USSIA. The Invalide Russe has the following remarks on the Papal question : " We cannot refrain from expressing our astonish ment that in the nineteenth century bulls are still published worthy of the times of Hildebrand—of those days when the Popes arbitrarily fulminated their curses against sovereigns. We might remind Pius IX. that the Papal possessions have under gone frequent territorial modifications, that Pius VII. concluded a treaty at Tolentino, by which he ceded to the French Republic Bologna and Fer rara ; that in 1810, Rome was only the second city of the French empire ; and that from .1811 to 1814, the Pope was contented with a palace at Fontainebleau. And the Pope of that day had never made such appeals to the Roman Catholic world, and had not invoked God the Father, God the Son, and the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Prince of the Apostles and all the saints against those who stripped him of temporal power. Pius IX. now proclaims that the Roman Church is ex posed to sacrilegious attacks; that Divine Provi dence, which governs the destinies of nations, has given the Pope a sovereignty and temporal posses sions, in order that, not depending on any temporal authority whatever, he may be at full liberty to fulfil his apostolic mission throughout the world—a mission confided to him by Jesus Christ himself. During the first 700 years of their existence the Popes had no possessions or temporal power. After wards they began to receive donations from divers sovereigns; then, taking advantage of the dissensions among the petty princes of Italy, they gradually increased their possessions. There is not the slightest ground for alleging that these territories were given to the Pope by Jesus Christ in person. Pius IX. himself quotes the words of the Gospel, which say that the followers of Christ shall always be oppressed in this world, but shall be amply re warded in the next. Such is, is fact, the sublime teaching of our Divine legislator. All his words breathe the same thoughs : ' My kingdom is not of this world;' it is therefore evident that he never intended to give temporal power to the Popes. It is really afflicting to see those who ought to en lighten 200 millions of Catholics thus mislead them by sophisms ; and the worst feature of the case is that they strive to instigate the Catholics to make war on the populations and princes who think differently from the Popes." SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the 16th state that the Cabinet had resolved to give Marshal O'Donnell a carte blanche to treat for peace with the Moors, and that General Ustariz was to convey to him de spatches to that effect. The Correspondancia, a semi-official organ, says that " it does not entertain the hope that peace will be obtained." Count Moltke, new Minister of Denmark, and M. Alfare, Minister of the Republic of St. Domingo, had been received by the Queen to present their credentials ; and, as usual on such occasions, they delivered com plimentary speeches, to which her Majesty returned suitable replies. The death of a niece of the Coun tess de Montijo is announced. WARRANTY CASE. The following case was tried in the Sheriff's Court yesterday (Tuesday) : HUNT V. BlGNOLD.—Plaintiff is a clerk and defendant a dog-fancier, of Leadenhall-market. Plaintiff staten that he saw a very fine Newfound land puppy dog exposed for sale at defendant's stall, and inquired the price. Defendant told him that £3 10s. was the lowest figure, that it was thorough-bred, and would take the water well. Plaintiff was assured that the animal was a treasure, and having paid his money, carefully conveyed it home. One day he resolved upon giving it a bath and took it to a pond, but doggy would not go in. (Laughter.) As coaxing was no use, plaintiff tried force, and threw his bargain into the stream, when, to his dismay and disgust, the dog's tail changed colour. (Roars of laughter.) The dye came off. (Increased laughter.) In fact, the dog, which was nearly black when purchased, turned a very different hue when washed. His Honour said it was nothing new for parties to paint animals, or dye them, whichever was the proper term. He had known a tax-gatherer for six or seven years whose pony had changed colour five times during that period. The defendant said that he was a respectable man, and had had his stand in the market for 20 years. He knew nothing about the dog's tail. The animal had been purchased in the way of trade, and was well worth the money. . . His Honour said there was nothing about " dye ing" in the warranty, and ho could only say that plaintiff must keep his bargain unless he could per suade defendant to take the dog back. Plaintiff said he would like to have his money back. Defendant—Come, I'll tell you what I'll do. I'll give you 30s. for the dog. His Honour had nothing to do with their bar gains. As the evidence was, he must find for the defendant, with costs. The 78th Highlanders are under orders to move from Fort George to Edinburgh this week: They are expected to arrive in Edinburgh on Friday. "Among the arrangements proposed for Italy which have attracted more or less notice lately, says the Independence, " there is one combination in virtue of which the Grand Duke of Tuscany would assume the Government of Romagna with the title of Vicar-General of the Pope, and would stand in nearly the same relation to the Holy See as Prince Couza does to the Sublime Porte in the Danubian Principalities. This project might have had some chance of success six months ago, but now it has not the slightest chance of acceptance." CHARGE OF MISAPPROPRIATING SHARES.—At the Guildhall Police-court, yesterday, Mr. William Francis Vandervell, described as a merchant, resid ing at No. 1, Half Moon-street, Piccadilly, was charged with unlawfully, misappropriating 105 shares in the London and Westminster Bank, value £4,000, and certain stock in the London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway, value £250, with intent to defraud Mrs. Anne Bruce Borland and. others. He was remanded. The late Grand Duchess Stephanie of Baden has, 1.4 y her will, left the estate of Utrikirch, near Fri burr, to the Princess Hohenz ollern-Si g mari ngen , with' reversion to the latter's son. The Duchess of Hamilton is to have the villa at Baden-Baden, and the Hereditary Princess of Saxony the estate at 'Mannheim, in which are comprised the mansion and _garden given by the tow n to the late Grand Duchess, and the edifice at present occupied by the Grand Ducal Institution for young ladies. A NOBLEMAN IN THE RANKS.—The heir to a Scottish earldom was discovered in the garb of a private soldier a few days ago. On being recognised, his lordship, who formerly held the rank of an officer, at once admitted that he had enlisted. How far this act wtll bar certain legal proceedings already comme nced a gainst hint is yet to be decided.— United Service COMMERCIAL OPINIONS ON THE BUDGET. A large meeting of persons interested in the wine and spirit trades was held at the London Tavern yesterday, to consider the proposed alcoho lic test of the strength of wines as regulating the duty ; and also the justice of demanding a draw back upon wines in stock in April, 1861, should any further reduction take place in the duty. Mr. Trowers took the chair, and denounced the proposed alcoholic test as impracticable, cumbrous in work ing, likely to lead to confusion in the trade between buyer and seller, and furthermore to the bribery of Custom-house officers by unscrupulous importers. He also argued at great length upon the injustice that would be done to them if they were not allowed the draw-back contended for. Several gentlemen addressed the meeting in a similar strain, more especially with regard to the alcoholic test, which was declared to be beautiful in experi meat, but impracticable in the carrying out of the object aimed at, and likely to act only as a shackle on the freedom of trade. Various resolutions were carried embodying the arguments of the speakers (to be submitted to the Chancellor of the Exche•• quer), and recommending the substitution of one uniform duty on all classes of wine. AGGREGATE MEETING OF HOP DELE- GATES. A meeting of delegates from the various hop growing districts in different parts of England was held at Westminster yesterday, for the purpose of receiving the reports of various district meetings which have been recently held, and forming some plan of concerted action, in order to induce the Chancellor of the Exchequer to modify his proposal with respect to the hop duty. In addition to the delegates, the following mem bers of Parliament representing hop-growing dis tricts were present :—Worcestershire, Sir J. Pak ington, Lord Elmsley, and Mr Knight; Hampshire, Mr. Beach ; Herefordshire, Mr. Wing, Mr. Mild may, and Lord W. Graham; Kent, Sir E. Filmer and Viscount Holmesdale ; and Sussex, Mr. Dod son. Mr. Punnett, a large hopgrower of Kent, occu pied the chair. The CHAIRMAN called upon the various members of Parliament present to state what course they should advise the meeting to take iu order to secure the objects they had in view. Sir J. PAKINGTON said that although any obser vations upon his part might not be so worthy of attention as those which fell from the representa tives of large hop-growing districts, yet as he was connected with Worcestershire, in which a good deal of land was planted with hops, he had consi dered it his duty to attend this important meeting. (Cheers.) The chairman had desired the members of Parliament to advert particularly to the question of what they were likely to get from the Chancellor of the Exchequ er , b u t it was i mposs ibl e to te ll w h at Parliament might be disposed to give. They could all tell what they disliked—(hear, hear)—and, as sembled as they were fr om diff eren t parts o f Eng land, his advice was, to confine themselves to the statement of what they di s lik e d. (H ear, h ear. ) In attempting to make terms for themselves only, they were only entering into matters entirely be yond their control, and therefore they ought to confine themselves to the real issue, which was— did they approve the proposals of the Chancellor of the Exchequer t (Cries of " No, no.") That being the case, he would suggest, as a matter of business, instead of their going to the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, they should instruct their members to go at once to the House of Commons and say, " This budget does not suit us, and we will oppose it." He should be disposed more than ever to think that this was the proper course of proceeding after the opinions he had heard expressed at that highly in fluential meeting, in which there did not appear to be the slightest difference of opinion. An hon. friend of his, who had attended a hop meeting a few days ago, acting on the principle that union was strength, had suggested there should be a com bined action on the part of all the trades who objected to the budget—(hear, hear)—because the hop interest alone could do little of itself more than any other interest ; but if any combined action could be obtained some good results could be secured. As for the budget itself, he looked upon it as a rash, meddlesome, and unsatisfactory scheme, and if all the interests injuriously affected by it would combine together, giving up their immediate views with regard to their own indi vidual interests, the result would very soon be to get rid of it altogether. The chairman had told them that they would rather have free trade in hops than the proposed modification of the duty, but he did not think that they were very likely to get free trade for financial reasons, for it was not likely, considering the enormous amount of the artificially created deficiency, that the Chan cellor of the Exchequer would give up the large amount of revenue represented by the hop duty. He therefore counselled them to unite with other interests, and bring such a pressure to bear upon Parliament as would put an end to the budget at a blow. Tho CHAIRMAN observed that the reason why free trade in hops was suggested was because several of the members in the house who supported the Ministy would then vote for the removal of restric tions as a portion of their free-trade policy, while it was hoped that for once the Conservative party would waive their differences, and, on account of the exceptional nature of the trade, vote for total freedom in this article. The Chancellor of the Ex chequer's scheme, if carried out, would be infinitely worse for the hopgrower than free trade. Sir J. PAKINGTON observed that the chairman had suggested that if nothing else could be done, the Conservative party, laying aside their political bias, should vote for free trade in hops. It was his decided opinion that the Conservative party in the House of Commons would support free trade in hops if the hopgrowers wished it. (Cheers.) He certainly had not the slightest objection to do so. Still it was his decided opinion that the co urse o f com bi ne d action which he suggested was the best. Mr. KING, M.P., said that, as a member of the Conservative party, he had always ecusidered the question of the hop duties an is o lat e d ques ti on , an d not in the light of a party question. Mr. KNIGHT, M.P., was of opinion that the only way to meet their difficulties was to say " No, no, no," to the budget, for if they were allowed to get into committee upon it, although every interest would complain in its turn, yet the Government would be able to bring a majority to bear against them in every instance. Lord HOLMESDALR, M.P., quite concurred in the opinion that the hop trade would receive no favour at the hands of the Government, and that it was their duty to vote against the budget as a whole. Some further discussion having taken place, the following resolution was carried unanimously : " That the members of Parliament for East and West Kent, Worcester, Hants, Hereford, and Sus• sex, be requested to wait upon the Chancellor of the Exchequer, to place before him the views of their constituents, as expressed in the resolutions laid upon the table, and to ascertain from him how far he is open to the consideration of any other pro position with reference to the hop duty than that which he has himself suggested. FREEDOM OF THE PRESS IN PRUSSIA The Prussian Government possess an easy means of ruining a journal which pursues Liberal prin ciples, viz., by prohibiting it from being sent by post. This despicable method of getting rid of a literary adversary has been employed recently against the London paper Hermann, a German journal which has zealously striven to inculcate the ideas of national unity and liberty, and to aid the political movement at home. It is no doubt in consequence of the fearless exposures of the vile system of espionage and official corrup tion prevailing in Government circles in Berlin, that the Hermann has thus been fa ns a m c i y tte t n o by y e a a police ordinance, which we might leaf taken out of the book of the most profligate . and bashaw-like regime. N evert h eless every reason to think that the voice, there ii of tiuth s will not be entirely stifl e d by the lawless act of the Prussian Regent, and that the efforts of those who prize free institutions will only be doubled after this most recent exhibition of Governmental Sultanism.—Advertiser. RECENT BUDGETS. —The following table exhibits at a glance the reduction and imposition of taxation between 1843 and 1858 : Year. Taxes Repealed or Reduced. Taxes Imposed. 1843 ........... £111,821 1814 . .......... 4 458,810 1845 .. ... ,516,303 1846 . .......... 1,151,790 1817 . .......... 314,886 1848 ........... , 585 968 18 4 9 ........... 388,798 1 8 88 : 3 0 21 . . 2 • . ............................ 1 ; 6 3 ,7 1 ,9 0 5 i 98 1 26 5 8 1 1 .. 600,000 1853 . .......... 3,247,474 1854..... 1, 284,107 1855 312,960 1856. 2,203,475 1857 . 10,753,582 1858 the large range of the figures in the years 1854-5-6-7 is of course to bo attributed to the Crimean war ; but taking the whole period there appears to have been a net reduction of taxation of no less than £12,226,701. Notwithstanding this very considerable remission the net revenue paid into the Exchequer advanced from £52,582,817 in 1843 to X 61,812,555 lu. 1858, so that the revenue-yielding powers of the empire would seem to have increased in tho 16 years about 40 per cent. NAPOLEON AND THE POPE. The breach between the Imperial and Pontifical Courts is widening every day, and begins to remind us very forcibly of an earlier period of our own his tory, when a King who had signalised himself in the ranks of Rome, and from whom our Sovereigns even now derive the title of " Defender" of another and a purer faith, was led step by step to dispute the jurisdiction, to deny the power, and to s il ence the. Ministers of Rome. If the Pope has been ready to use the language of complaint, and even of menace, he has encountered a spirit as proud and unbending as his own, which retorts upon him his own censuras, and answers to the charge of impious and revolutionary principles by accusing the Pope, with the most perfect truth, of mixing up things sacred with things profane, and treating the rags of an odious tyranny as the sacred cloth which covers the mysteries of the altar. Thus stands the controversy between the Emperor and the Pontiff, but, having boldly confronted the master, the Sovereign of Franee is not the man to recede tamely before the aggression of the servants, and we now find the French Government for the first time since the Restoration of 1814 openly and avowedly in a position of antagonism to-the French clergy. In this respect the Emperor has to contend with a power which has derived principally from his own hands the ability to do him injury. When he ascended the throne he rallied the nation round him by professions of his desire to put down the levelling doctrines and suppress the blasphemous infidelity of Red Republicans and Socialists. Society thought she found in him her saviour, and the Church her surest and warmest protector. No one, we think, can deny that the Emperor has fully accomplished the work which he undertook, that he has suppressed Socialism and supported the Ro man Catholic religion against all its adversaries. He might deem himself fortunate now if he had been content to stop there, and, relying on the gra titude of his subjects for what he had done, had refrained from making use of the Church in its turn as a support of his Government. The opportunity was tempting, but a far-sighted policy would have counselled its rejection. Modern history teaches without exception that, though many sovereigns have increased the stability and splendour of their thrones by showing respect for the religion and veneration for the priesthood of their subjects, no Sovereign has ever sought an intimate alliance with the Pope who has not had ample reason to rue his share of the partnership. It has been the policy of the Papacy, in exchange for such support as it was able to give, to make demands which inevitably lowered the real power and popular estimation of the Sovereign who complied with them. If Rome sells her friendship she must receive in exchange the absolute control over the clergy of her friend— that is, the power to exercise the most uncon stitutional influence in the very heart of his dominions. The privileges and freedom of the Church must be sacrificed in order to secure such support as the Pope may feel inclined to give to the State. Thus in Belgium we find the support of the clergy purchased by the humiliation of the Government, and a Minister forced to ask from tie Chambers money to publish, at the expense of the nation, the lying legends of apocryphal saints. Thus we find Austria, having executed a Concordat in order to gain the support of Rome, in imminent danger of being ruined by the disgrace which that Concordat has brought upon her. So it has been with the Empreror of the French. He has not been superior to the weak ness of supposing that he could permanently or materially strengthen his Government by an union with Rome, and he has to pay for his concession in the murmurs of a disaffected clergy. He must now feel how dearly he bought the clerical support of other years ; and, as far as we can see, he has been by no means slow in improving the lesson. The Univers conceived that, whatever might be the fate of other journals, the organ of the Ultramontane clergy, so long the spoilt child of the French Go vernment, was at least secure from interference. It published the encyclical letter of the Pope, and it was suppressed without a moment's hesitation. We could not lament, like some of our contempora ries, over the fall of this intolerant journal, or in voke the doctrines of freedom in favour of men who systematically trampled on them all. It would be giving too great a premium to intolerance, if, when prosperous, it was to monopolise all the sympathy of the persecutor, aud, when unfor tunate, all the sympathy of the persecuted. The Bretagne presumed to mourn over the fate of the Univirs, and was instantly in its turn suppressed. Very significant admonitions have been issued to the clergy, warning them to confine themselves within their own limits, and not to seek a contest with the Government which it is determined not to tolerate. And now, last of all, we are informed that M. Billault has sent forth a circular, in which he states that the time has arrived to put an end to the attempts at agitation on the Roman question, and he accordingly instructs the prefects to prohibit the distribution of writings and pamphlets, unless duly authorised, and report to the Council of State whenever the liberty of the pulpit is abused. " As the Emperor desires peace and liberty for religion," N. Billault recommends a mixture of moderation and firmness in the execution of this order. This menace seems to be levelled at the circulation of charges, letters, and pamphlets by the French hierarchy, and gives them clearly to understand that, if they continue to put forth writ ings displeasing to the Chief of the State, they have no right to rely on their episcopal character for :protection. The circular seems to carry the repression of writing and publishing in France further than ever. A censorship is distinctly intro duced, and writers are threatened with the severest penalties if they attempt to publish without its permission. Thus it has come to pass that the Ultramontane Church of France, after having so long triumphed over the stifled liberties of its country, has by a single blow entirely lost its own. The Emperor of the French has now reconquered the ground which he abandoned in the beginning of his reign, and may do what he will with the power which he has taken again into his hands. He has no lack of illustrious precedents. Henry VIII. of England transferred the spiritual allegiance of his people to himself, and reigned with more absolute authority over clergy and laity than any Soya- reign who preceded or succeeded him. The Emperors of Russia, finding it inconvenient to be subject to the half-civilised Patriarch of Constan tinople, burst their trammels, and contrived to conciliate the veneration of their people to th e ir own persons, instead of to a foreign priest. The traditions of the Church of France are favourable to a bold attempt at emancipation from the influ ence of Rome. In her best and brightest days, when she was adorned by the gorgeous eloquence of Bos suet and the almost superhuman intelligence of Pascal, no Roman Catholic Church maintained so proud and independent a bearing towards the Pepe as the Gallican hierarchy. They had no respect for his temporal power; they restricted his infallibility to matters of doctrine, and even on matters of doctrine they tested his decisions by the decrees of councils and the voice of the primitive Church. They were, in fact, a sect of Protestants, only theft : Protestantism lay within the Church of Rome, instead of without: Should the Emperor of the French succeed in kindling anew the flame of this comparatively pure and rational religion in the Church of France, he -would not only confer an inestimable benefit on his subjects, but would raise up a better and more permanent bulwark against the encroachments of Rome than could be afforded by the most rigorous censorship, or the strictest repression. France is sufficiently advanced in civilisation to be able to regulate her own religion, with little assistance from the Sovereign Pontiff of Rome, who has clearly shown by the manner in which he manages his own affairs how little he is fit to manage the affairs of others, and no Emperor of the French need be afraid to tread in a path that is marked with the footsteps of the best and noblest of the French nation.— limes. STATE OF TRADE. LEEDS, Feb. 21.—There has been but a small attendance of buyers in the cloth-hall this morn ing, and operations have been on a rather limited scale. The general tone of the trade, however, is healthy, though quiet, and the prospects for the sprint months are deemed to be satisfactory. Wool is firm in price, but not much is doing locally, manufacturers being disposed to see what will be the range at the approaching series of colonial wool sales in the metropolis. MANCHESTER, Ist.—There is very little change in the market. Spinners aro a good deal adverse to taking orders and accumulating engagements further in advance without extra prices, and this forms a very good check. There are some excep tions, but generally the market is exceedingly firm for yarns suited to all markets. There is no new feature in the cloth market, buyers expecting their letters from India, and being disposed to await the advices now due before operating to any extent worth naming. The prices of these goods are very firm at last Tuesday's quotations. In other cloths, both for export and home consumption, there is a good steady demand generally—for the home trade especially, at very full rates. ItocIIDALE, 20th.—Upon the whole, more busi ness has been done in flannels and wool this week than last. Prices of both may be quoted as steady, but there is no great disposition either to buy or sell, and such is likely to be the ease till the Budget and the Commercial Treaty are both settled. Manufacturers continue well employed. Th Glade for a, Bents Instez negot 3 . 1 1 - the is ness, capita the so Yours' Bank, from discou seen a its rem No the Fl The Engla the P Part a Not dated will I interel Lett marke prices sales NI share firm. At t pony i half ye surplus balance cent. NI to be el A dt in the of exte operat( able t( Ward tole E for Im The 95 i ditto 5 Cent. firmer 1 to 275. In tl rately tient. New, 6 Russia] Cent%., Cents., The Prem. ; Provini 21 z 4 4 pr The I have by have e' amount Eastern cheater, Easton Great 1 and We In t] activity Venetia bourg t The dian br 9d- 991 Joint litve si Ind w New S Steain 4 1,111 tank St , 3 Per Ce ItF,aer Ce w 3 p 1 Ala SI Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Dc 1 Cansols 1 India St, Ditto Zelitiqu Mexician Ditto . Itussian Ditto Ditto hPanish Ditto Turkish I Ditto Ditto : Ditto n4tch I I t i too and i t e ere h OB b 1 j e ll y hi DlO PA