The Sun. — London, England, 1859-01-13 00:00:00

QM ) PN CRYSTAL PALACE, REGENT. CIRCUS, OXFORD-STREET and GREAT PORT. LAND -STREET • . This magnificent building is NOW OPEN to the public, for Me SALE of all ki n d s .of USEFUL and FANCY ARTICLES. The Photographic :Establishment, Aviary, Conservatory, General Refreshment • Room, and Ladies' Private Refresh- Ment Room, w ith R e ti r i ng Room attache d , are replete in their several departments. _ ADYIISSION FREE. DR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 3, TICHBOU'ANE-STREET (Opposite the Hay- Inarket). Open e tally (for Gentlemen only). LECTURES at Fo ar and Eight o'clock, on important and i nteresting topics in connection with ANATOMY, PHY SIOLOGY, and PA? CHOLOGY (vide Prwrammes). ONE . DX KAHN'S Admir N I NE ssion LECTURES ON SHILLING THE PHILO SOPHY OF MARR RAGE, &c., sent post free, direct from the Author, on the recei pt of twelve stamps. A , RGyLL-Ro OM g, Wi n d m ill- s t ree t, Pi cca dilly. These popular a , id celebrated rooms arc open every (•vening, with R. R. Mig,nell's Grand Orchestra, conducted by that great comHpose.? Mons. Mons. Antony Lamotte, of Paris. Leader, Charles al'‘. a -pisto n p l a y er , Boulcourt, the celebrated cornet ' nightly, with other talented artistes. Selection .F. from Bigoletto, Ii Trovatore, La Traviata, aguenots, Rob •rt le Diable, and the new opera Martha. tanager, R. R. Bunnell. Doors open at half-past 8, close Iminutes bef( ;re IZ. Admission, ls. to Promenade. ~RAll alWilica'dons for the above band for Concerts and -,lalls, to be In Ade to Mr. William Price, treasurer, at the Rooms. iii°„WES AND CUSHING'S GREAT ane,4 —The STATES CIRCUS.—A safe place of amuse he ALHAMBRA PALACE, Leicester-kquare, hav e_ .been a'anstr uc t e d as a mo d e l o f architecture, no accident 'W e ae apprehended. horning Performances are particularly recommended, •L,"e Pantomime can be seen with the same effect as at night. „,-,!-,LLA, the wonder of the world.—The celebrated horse, I,‘lniser," will be exhibited in his subdued state, as tamed t ii t rtary.—"Black Eagle," the horse of beauty.—The leated mules, " Pete ~ and " Barney." The Comic Panto hj' entitled TRE MISER. OF BAGDAD, represented in vi e,lrcle at each performance. ela.' Boxes, 2s. ; Reserved Seats, 35.; Stalls, 55.; Private air e s, £ 2 . Children under Nine years of age, half - price. v l 7, 6d. Performarce s Daily at two and half-past seven p.m. .ALBERT LIFE ASSURANCE AND GUARANTEE COMPANY. • 7, Waterloo-place, Pall-mall. l'sT(Yr r BIN- 1 ,\, ( T. IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the Half-yearly Per to the 31st ultimo, after the rate of 7 per cent. ,nurn, 'will be in course - of payment to the Shareholders Styafter the 10th January instant. i tll- NRY WILLIAM SMITH, Actuary and Secretary. 1859. I NTE RNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE ------ SO - Ciiii,l42, Strand, London. NOTT,.„ January 10, 1850. IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the Half-yearly In eer4-1" ° l l the Capital Stock of the Society, at the rate of 5 per c,4l::s per annum, to 31st December last, is now due, and in qll and 3 payment at the EDMOND S. SY Society's office, betw een MES, Chairman the hours . • . 149 —, Strand, London, W.C. r l l-6 E ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 6, New Bridge-street, London. Established 1823. • DIRECTORS. ROBERT BIDDULPH, Esq., Chairman. Al f WILLIAM ROUTH, Esq., Deputy Chairman. li e r ed Kingsford Ba r b e r, E sq . 1 Rear-Admiral Robert Gor- T he rY.llarnett, Esq. don. N it tght Hon. E. Pleydell Charles Morris, Esq. , w uve rie; M.P. George Kettilby Rickards, ard Charrinzton, Esq. I Esq. Biroas Alexander. Esq. Augustus Keppel Stephen • Dun — Gordon, son, Esq. Bart, oh, ,_ AUDITORS. v.,,._ ~r ttowell, Esq. - John Gilliam Stilwell, Esq. ic:',l Y Roberts, Esq. I Richard Taylor, Esq. ' tlYsi ciaN—William Emanuel Page, M.D., Oxon, 11, paQueen street, May-fair. • GEo N -- Bettjamin Travers, Esq. F.R.C.S., N 0.49, Dover- Se, street, Piccadilly. — lclTOß—llenry Young, Esq., 12, Essex-street, Strand. AcruAni - --James John Downes, Esq., F.R.A.S. ADVANTAGES. ~.kutual Assurance. The lowest rates of Premium on the Mutual System. DThe whole of the profits divided every Fifth Year. oriccumulate Capitarof £1,695,000 ng its existence the Society has paid in Claim s R eversionary Bonuses have been added to ~Pol icies to the e x t en t o f 89 0 ,000 The last Bonus, declared in 1854, averaged £67 Pe o r Cent, on th e P rem i ums p a id , an d amoun t e d P olicies in force 621 397,000 The Annual Income exceeds 4 , 1 a Pursuance of the invariable practice of this Society, in t he event of the Death of the Life Assured within the 15 days grace, the Renewal Pre m i um rema i n i ng unpa id , th e Cl a i m Will be admitted, subject to the payment of such Premium. The next Division of Profits AN:11 be made in 1859. Assurances effected prior to 31st December, 1859, ill par ticipate in the Division of 1861. Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained on appli- Cation to ALEXANDER MACDONALD, Secretary. TO BUILDERS.—By Order of the Court of . Trustees o the Bedford Charity are d esirous of Chancery receiving —The Tenders for the ENLARGEMENT of The GRAMMAR SCHOOL, also Tenders for the Erec tion of a New Preparatory COMMERCIAL SCHOOL, and bi4 king a New Road. Plans and Specifications of the works Nuired may be seen at the Office of Mr. James Horsford, rchitect. Bedford. 4.11 'renders must delivered at Mr. 'Horsford's Office, at January 1859. eleven o'clock in the morning of the 24th day of - r v e ary 185 9. The f or th e en l argement o f t h e G rammar S c h oo l I: n i a l ' r r Placed in a sealed cover and marked "Tender for l'r e p a i. e rent of Gra mmar S c h oo l." Th e T en d ers f or th e cove r an ° l 7 Commercial School must be placed in a sealed ke ret , marked "Tender for building Preparatory Corn ;" and the Tenders for making a New Road, ~i)arke d ,';„ for .be placedsealed cover, and -' l l. 'T rue ' ender making a New Road, and other Works. ' liebno:teerd. Lees will not be bound to accept the lowest, or any this twentieth day of December, 1858. 3IA (Sig n ed) JAMES HORSFORD. LES, MAPLES, and PEARSE, 6, Frederick's -1,,), L Bedford, Old Jewry, London, agents for T. W. Pearse, the solicitor to the said Trustees. ° T. ,ARD AND RESIDENCE. A Superior - " .° Me is offered to a Gentleman of steady habits, en pa9:ec cluring the day, by a family residing near Regent's a young man comino - to London for the first time -Kefe r " -I licl be found a desirable residence. Terms moderate. to be eetcHanampstead-road, N.W., P., ~T R E NERVOUS AND DEBILITATED. 'lc e _ C HARLES WATSON, M.D., Fellow and Honorary resident of the Imperial African Institute of France, lcati7 o 3 . Member of the Medical Societies of Rouen and Peru, ph,,,jim Academy of Sciences, Paris, &c., and late Resident f oz .;',lcian to the Bedford Dispensary, 27, Alfred-place, Bed st4;,,, square, " THE GUIDE TO SELF-CURE continues to issue, ."on receipt of six tkr. i,1 7 1 . 08 e about entering the Marriage State should peruse atson's invaluable little work, as the advice he gives on and disease reflects much credit upon him as a sound philosopher."—Criti T he true Guide to those who desire a speedy and private e ,;;:—University Magazi ne . he `NEW AMERICAN DISCOVERY' demonstrates absurdity of the English mode of treating. such corn- Vpits, will prove a blessing to the afflicted, who may safely e n easily regain pristine health by adopting the means pre vated.,'—Evening Sun. 1,. 14 'or Qualification, vide " Diplomas," and the " London •tkedical Directory." FIFTY THOUSAND CURES at been effected without Medicine, inconvenience or exp ense . indigestion (dyspepsia), Constipation, Flatulency, Phlegm, "ieu,ervousness, Biliousness, Liver Palpitations'Comai Hysteria, ralgia, Sleeplessness, Acidity, Heartburn, .:Pti,ona, Impurities, Irritability, Low Spirits, Diarrhoea, 13 ' " en 'erY, Hemorrhoids, Headache, Noises in the Head andand tars, Debility, Despondency, Cramps, Spasms, Nausea, Sickness (during pregnancy or at sea), Sinking Fits, 'cagh, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption, also Children's ~,,,enniplaints, are effectually removed by lin BARRY'S delicious Health-Restoring REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which saves fifty tri o es its cost in other remedies, and is, moramer, the best 0 1 °, 1 weakest and invalids generally, as it never turns acid t,`,;,,Te stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, tf i ' e ` aparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores th e faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to enfeebl . ed. m an ue3gract a few out of the many thousand expressions of ii" , , , t r de from invalids thus cured :—Cure No. 71, of dyspep- Ml': 7 1 the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Decies—" Dro sideratib-aPNuin, County Waterford.—l have derived con the üblider and con': benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabic Food, it laftsYthYeare due to yourselves and the _public to authorise imt cation of these lines. Stuart de Decies." Cure No. o e y sne s e s F , indescribable agony from dyspepsia, ner ma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, it; Kness at the stomach; and vomitincr have been removed by i - ',} l Barry's exe,ellent Food Maria jolly, Wortham Ling, near s'iasis, Norfolk." Cure No 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Vou a in g 'Vi carage, Waltham . Cross, Herts, of extreme ner ,i__.ness, indi gest i on, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fan - Liv'l Cure No. 48,314. Mi ss E l i za b et h Y eoman. G a t eacre , near ofa e e r P 0 01: of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors rvous irritability. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of con - pr P t i on, dyspepsia, nervous irritability. Cure No. 34,210. t.,_ horland, of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. .Cap ii°'n Allan, of epileptic tits. Cure No. 42,116. Major Edie, of C ure and kidney disease, and total prostration of strength del l No. 36418. Rev. Dr. Minste r , o f cramps, spasms , an d h o e vninitings. Cure No. 26,418. Dr. Harvey, of diarhoea debility. Cure No. 39,628. Dr. Wurtzer, of consumption. No. 32,880. Wm. Hunt, Esq., barrister, of paralysis. l e gre No. 46,270. Mr. ,Tames Roberts,timber-merchant, of Fera l?, ot thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver de yel).eMent, partial deafness. Cure No. 180. "Twenty-five fr,s'ile nervousness, constipation, indigestion, and debility, tii"„ r n, Which I have suffered great misery, and which no me b"ne could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured i, r. B. Reeves, 181, •ra Barry's Food in a very short time. W. , 8 eet-L d " Cure o 4 208. Eight years' tly s „„ street, on on. . , h a , vimia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and rea, Food been effectually cured by Du Barry's health- IS`e °ri ng . Rev. John W. Flavell, Riddlington Rectory v rtotk." Cure No.. 3,906. "Thirteen years'cough, indigos. excellent and general debility have been removed by Du I 3 r y' Food. James Porter, Athol-street, Perth." I , _ uit ably packed for all climates and with full instructions. e ca nisters, 11b., 2s. 9d. ; 21b. 6d. ; 51b., lls. ; 121 b ., te ll r i t 3 3 c r refined quality. 101 b., 3'3s. The 101 b. and 12111 canj; o_, a re forwarded carriage free, on receipt of Post - OM e ki4Du Barry and Co. 77, Regent-street, London ; Fort I,,llason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly, and through all,grocers bcnernlsts in town and country. ilDot P ALLACE'S PILLS and OINTMENT are prepared sci entific principles, without mercury, to prevent tilt pAer and injury resulting from quack preparations ; they ' reg - ulate, and strengthen the system, and cure effec dYspepsia (bad digestion), bile, flatulency, constipation. th e i,ad stomach complaints and all internal disorders ; and bi in „V al tment heals sores, wounds, ulcers, boils, burns, ey sae'M chaps, pimples, disea ses o f th e s c a lp, &c. Both pills 2 9rtment are carefully packed for all climates, at Is. S anger a lr3 4 : 1 6 Oxford-street, r e d e o t, and London agents: may be ordered through Hannay, 63, Ox r f n o u rd , _ a st._, - t i gine vendors. l aie e ' PARRY'S PULMONIC COUGH BON BONS are a asttgare, and effectual remedy for coughs, colds, hoarseness, cell '" 4 , and all affections of the lungs, throat, and of unrivalled oxenee. In boxes—is. 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d. J. Sanger, 150, ggd-street, London, and all Chemists. nev er ll A-ItRY'S ANTI-DIARRH(EAL BON BONS are a i,,:failing remedy for English cholera, bowel complaint, .§ . a. ' l „ cc a , dysentery, Asc., Sic. In boxes—la. 14d., 2s. 9d., 45. 6d. Dfrg,er , 150, Oxford-street, London, and all Chemists. B ARRY'S FOOD FOR INFANTS, CHILDREN, het IN VALIDS, supersedes the dangers and expense of beat -.B ing, as infants are easily reared with it, and it is the an y a nd most di ges tibl e F oo d for the delicate and invalids of tor s c• In canisters, at 25., and 121 b 21s. The large cants ree of carriage. Barry Du Barry, and Co., 77, Regent- Tet, Pidgin. Lon Ni a ,„`Ti,d , ll other Medicine for Indigestion (dys tio,.a), habitual Constipation, Flatulency, Acidity, Palpita- X e g af the Heart, Torpidity of the Liver, bilious Headaches, Atilyounness, Biliousness, r General Debility, Diarrhea, Cough, .T.na, C onsumption. Despondency, Spleen, Sic. Send 2d. ti.g . '7,oPs, and you will receive free by Post, a p_opular Tree- Tife,,,PaZea :—" THE NATURAL REGENERATION. OeFs or ketiferrneEsS3lVE ORGANS." Without pills, b rlg s t i l l v ple : te4 t at, and inlangilned ;se and s without s earse, tim 50 y es its cost usra ei r reraedies ; adapted to the general reader. London: kllttO il bertl:49, Paternoster:rows and through 17"ki the most mord of away I he ich alone ?aged in ibourers, ag under ry of the t. Mr. aorough, . About It was 1 22, a ras only ro other young ad to be illy case of Jane Ler, who ken, but even a fright, to ten men at :ntified. 91, two 'own to :cured. hurt. orpora portion ont of ff and tit any wevent .vation. formed. id been he two identi quiries had the d both Ler was to Mr. 3, 01d .3r was eompa :e pur ernity. of the ar resi- having for her )ody of Lnd the man, Sales ist day. In oats is to 30s )s to 34s is to 283 !s to 44s .s to —s apply of ,his day per qr. realised 7vas of week's r oats, s held at our S. el. 0 13 0 o 12 6 29 0 o 14 0 0180 030 iph and nst. No. 20,768. PUBLICATIONS. NOTICE. MISS JEWSBURY'S NEW NOVEL, " RIGHT OR WRONG," • Will be ready at all the Libraries to-morrow, in 2 vols., price 218. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. MISS PARDOE'S NEW WORK. Now ready, in 2 vols., 215., bound, EPISODES OF FRENCH HISTORY, By MISS PARDOE. Author of" The Life, of Marie de Medicis," " Louis XIV.," &c. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, in 2 vols., with Illustrations, 215., bound, - VATINTER EVENINGS. By LEITCH RITCHIE. "'These volumes will be universally attractive. In every respect they are especially adapted to the present festive season, and will be regarded as a means for the profitable and pleasurable enjoyment of many winter evenings."—Mes senger. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now publishing, THE MINISTER'S WOOING, By Mrs. H. B. STOWE, Author of " Uncle Tom's Cabin." Orders received by all Booksellers in town and country; and at all the Railway Stations. London : Sampson Low, Son, and Co., 47, Ludgate-hill. THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS for SATURDAY, JANUARY 15th, contains the follow ing splendid ENGRAVINGS :—The Annual Ball of Non- Commissioned Officers at the Royal Artillery Schools, Wool wich. Presentation of Colours to the 14th Regiment by the Countess of Eglinton. Dynevor Castle, Carmarthenshire. Portrait of the Very Rev. Harvey Goodwin, D.D., Dean of Ely. St. Mary Magdalen Chapel of Ease and Schools, at Chiswick. Wotton Church, Surrey. The Font in the New Episcopal Church at Dunkeld. Steam Pleasure-Yacht for the Ring of Ava. One of Nana Sahib's Palaces, near Nassick. Mushruif Khan and Wahid Ali. Fete to the Children of the Royal Artillery Schools, Woolwich. Sketches from Central America : Comayagua, the Capital of Honduras ; Church of the Merced Gracias, Honduras ; the Cathedral of San Sal vador ; Indians - of Guajiquero. • The First Fall of Snow,' drawn by Birket Foster. Bicester National Schools. • The Fair at Seville,' painted by J. A. Phillip, A.R.A., and R. Ansdell (in Flatou's Collection at Leggatt's Gallery, Corn hill). • Steele and his Children,' painted by Eyre Crowe, jun. (from the Winter Exhibition, French Gallery). • Wor cestershire Mummers," painted by C. Cattermole. With the latest Foreign and Colonial Intelligence, and all the News of the Week—Price sd. : stamped, 6d. Office, 198, Strand. Now ready, VOLUME XXXIIL of the ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, elegantly bound in cloth, gilt, price 18s. ; in paper covers, 138. Containing Twelve Coloured Engravings, and Illustrations of the most important Events that have occur red during the past six months. Covers for Binding the Volume, 2s. 6d. ; Reading Cases, 25.; Portfolios, for preserving the Nuthbers, 48. The Fourth Edition, Just Published, Bvo, in cloth, price ss. by post free, ss. Gcl._ ON TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRHCEA V with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexualtypochrondriasis. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practical contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non-medical reader. We trust that this may not be the last, if he shall detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to correct."-- , London Medical Gazette. " The editor has conferred a g,reat boon on the sufferers from this distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Spermatorrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medical Circular. " We have delayed so long upon the contents of the preli minary chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; but the moderate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, places It within the reach of every one interested in the matter."— Dublin Medical Press. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. FEIST'S RACING RECORD for 1858, with Nominations for 1859, is now published. W. Wright, Fnlwood's Rents, Holborn. London. MORTGAGE. -LARGE OR SMALL SUMS to be Advanced on Freeholds or Leaseholds, Advow sons, Railway Debentures, Reversions, Corporation Loans, Personal Security, Deposit of Leases, without the expense of Mortgage Deeds. Any of the Aristocracy, or other substan tial persons requiring money upon their own personal secu rity can be accommodated by applying to Messrs. ELLIS and Co., Civil Engineers and Surveyors, Tavistock-chambers, Southampton-street, Strand, London. The strictest secrecy may be relied upon, but no agent treated with. OINOPOLION TAVERN and HOTEL. Nos. 1, and 2, Brownlow-street, High-Holborn, W.C. The Best Served Dinner in London for is. 6d. A Succession of Joints from One till Seven o'Clock. Private and Smoking Rooms. TABLE D'HOTE on SUNDAYS, at 5 o'clock, 2s. each. THE WELLINGTON RESTAURANT, ST. JAMES'S-STREET, AND 160, PICCADILLY. Gentlemen visiting the Metropolis will find ample accom modation for dinners at this establishment. The arrange ments are varied and perfect, and the tariff of charges is very moderate. Private rooms for large or small parties may be engaged on application to the Superintendent. By Order. JAMES GOFTON, Superintendent. 27th November, 1858. COALS. -18s. 6d. per ton, Derbyshire ; Clay Cross, 21s. ; Silkstone, 21s. ; our Best are now 235. for cash. Care should be taken to address to T. JONES, Ma nager, Northern and Eastern Railway Coal-offices, 32, Great Marlborough-street, Regent-street, W. ; or, 127, Albany street, Regent' s -park, N. W. GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, •JSED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, AND PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED. Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers &0., dre. APPETITE AND INDIGESTION IMPROVED. LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, and all Roast Meat, Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Cur ries, and Salad, and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safeguard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchurch street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also tv Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. C vsse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and merchants, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To ward against imitations, see that the names of "LEA and PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND IMPEDIMENIN TO MARRIAGE. New and improved Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, just pub lished, price, free by post, Is. THE SILENT FRIEND : A Medical Work on the physical exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the effects of solitary indulgence, infection, and the injurious consequences from the use o: Mercury: with observations on the obligations of marriage, and directions for obviating cer tain disqualifications. By It. and L. PERRY and Co., Sur geons. Consultations as usual (see page 197). Sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row; Sanger, 160, Oxford street; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London. The. CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely balsamic: its power in reinvigorating the frame in all cases of nervous and sexual debility, obstinate gleets, impo tency, barrenness, anddebilities arising from venereal excesses, has been demonstrated by its unvarying sucess in thousands of cases. Price lls. per bottle, or four quantities in one for 335., which saves 118. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the system, and is recom mended for any of the varied fermis of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the skin, blotches on the head and face, en - largements of the throat, tonsils, and uvula; threatened destruction of the nose, palate, &c. Its action is purely deter sive, and its beneficial influence on the system is undeniable. Price lls. and 3.35. per bottle, also a saving of lls. PER :Y'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS constitute an effectual re-nedy in either sex loran cases of gonorrhoea. gleet, stricture, And diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and lls. per box. Sol by Daniel Church, 78, Gracechurch-street, City ; Bart ley-Hooper, 43. King William-street (fourdoors from London bridge); G. F. Watts, 17, Strand; W. Sutton and Co., 10, Bow churchyard ; W. Edwards, 67, St. Paul's-churchyard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford Street ; Hannay and Dietrichsen, 63, Oxford-street ; Butler and Harding, 4, Cheapside ; Prout and Harsant, 229 Strand, and all medical vendors throughout the United Kingdom THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. Just published, price is., post free, in an Envelope, for 13 stamps, SELF -PRESERVATION.—A Medical Treatise L 1 on the Functions and Disorders of the Generative System, and on the cure of Nervous and Physical Debility, resulting from vicious habits acquired during the critical passage from youth to Manhood, with practical observations on the Phy siology of Marriage in its social, moral, and physical rela tions. To which are added remarks on the wonders of the Microscope in revealing the hidden mysteries "of Life with!n Life," and its advantages in detecting, by urinary examina tion, the cause and effect of every variety of these complaints, with numerous engraving,a and cases. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D., 37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, Matriculatei Membet of the University of Edinburgh, Hono rary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Li centiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &c., &a The essential object of this treatise is to point out the fear ful consequences resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses, which have produced more misery in Youth, degradation in Manhood, and prematur , decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, any other class of disease known t o modern pathologists. Its perusal is particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their physical condi tion, and who are conscious of having hazarded the hPaith happiness, and privileges to which every human being is en titled. It is absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are principles of personal management which cannot be violated without incurring grievous penalties, and when wisdom and regret succeed the heyday of inconsiderate self- Indulgence, how those penalties may be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be removed, and how the evil and its consequences may be avoided, and, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional Jerangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row, and may be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; Horne, 19, Leicester square ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; or from the Author, who may be consulted daily, from 11 till 2, and from 6 till 8, at his residence, 37, Bedford-square, London. The work may be had in India, of Mr. Von Litzky, Loll Bazaar; Calcutta—Messrs. C. and J. Hormusjee,Apollo - street ; Bombay—Circulator Office ; Madras —Mof ussilite Office, Agra; Dodaworth,.Colombo, Ceylon ; and of all Booksellers through- Collt thd ~~~ J ~~ r '/.,/ 1/ , • tt , . af ' • , •.4 . • • • .) . . A. of, 'V PV v. ~ .4.4 1 011110. t h # • • hilt yr N — •: r i • th • ' 14; -7 ' , , 1. 0 ••,„.);!Y„, , ,,,. • itTeirr -- „ • 4 ,*• DrE ./ , • ./ - / A r s - 4eia PRICE 4°. STAMPED, SD. IRELAND. DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY MORNING. THE IRISH JUDICIAL BENCH. It is stated that Baron Pennefather's resignation was placed in the hands of Government on Monday last. In reference to his successor nothing positive is' .vt known, but in the absence of reliable infor mation the Freeman's Journal says :—" It is rumoured that the vacant judgeship has been offered to Mr. Francis Fitzgerald. Q.C. and that if he declines the office it will be conferred upon the Solicitor-General. In connection with the reported resignation of the venerable Baron, it is rumoured that the vacant judgeship will be given to Master Litton, and that the Mastership in Chancery thus vacated will be given to Mr. Hayes, the Solicitor- General. In this event, it is said that Mr. George will be the new Solicitor-General. With the ex ception of Mr. George's succession to the Solicitor- Generalship, in case of a vacancy, all the other statements that are flying about must be taken as mere speculation. - It is also stated that Mr. Lend rick has resigned hiS chairmanship, and that Mr. Edward Pennefather, or Mr. Lane, Q.C., is to succeed him." Suunders says that Judge Crampton will soon retire, and that the vacancy will most probably- be filled bythe Solicitor-Geheral ; the more immediate post in the Exchequer is to be occupied by either Mr. Brewster or Mr. Francis Fitzgerald. The Attorney-General will not accept either of the judgeships. REPRESENTATION OF TRINITY COLLEGE. Three candidates are already mentioned as being in the field to contest the seat left vacant by the appointment of Mr. Hamilton to the Secretaryship of the Treasury. The gentlemen named are Mr. Toy, Q.C., Mr. George, Q.C., and Dr. Gayer, Q.C. Mr. Joy is a moderate Conservative and anti-Pro tectionist. He was in the field at the last election, but the amount of support he received upon that occasion holds out no great prospect of his succeed ing Mr. George A. Hamilton as the representative of Trinity College. Dr. Gayer, the ultra-Tory, ran a close race in the contest with Mr. A. Lefroy, the successor of Chancellor Napier. THE ARRESTS. Well authenticated private accounts from Cork mention that the Crown case against some of the Phoenix Club members in that quarter is much more complete than the public would have been led to believe from the information which has transpired through the public journals. The law officers, it is said, are quite confident of the result, - and it is said that the evidence against several of the prisoners is of a nature to leave no doubt upon the minds of any jury, however disposed they, might be to regard the prosecution as an excess of Government .rigour. The. farming classes, it has been ascer tained, have carefully stood aloof, and have had no part in the silly but mischievous conspiracy, the Jaffiers and. Pierres being in almost every instance taken from the ranks of shopmen and mechanics. The clubs, it is added, were more rapidly increasing towards the close of last year, and, if left unchecked, might in due season have become troublesome instruments in the hands of some yet undiscovered John Mitchel or Thomas Francis Meagh er. The following account of the investigation into the charges against the prisoners arrested in Kil kenny is condensed from a local paper (the Mode rator). It took place on Saturday, and the report has found its way into the journals despite the ,attempt to close the doors against the public press : " The prisoners brought forward were—Martin Hawe, leather merchant, Kilkenny ; Edward Coyne, publican, Callan ; Thomas Managan and William Kavanagh, nailors, Callan ; and Denis Sullivan, national school teacher, Ballydonnel. The only witness who appeared to prove anything against these persons was Patrick Callaghan, a rather respectably-dressed man, aged about 25 years, who had filled a place of trust under the Slievarda Coal Mining Company, as their clerk in the Callan Coal Store. His evidence chiefly, or it might be said altogether, tended to the inculpation of Hawe, what he had to say with respect to the other prisoners being of a more trival nature. His statement, in answer to the interrogations of the magistrates, was to the following effect : " ' I was returning from mass, in Callan, on a Sunday before last harvest, when Hawe tapped me on the shoulder privately, and said, " You are the man I want." He spoke in a low tone. I had known him previously. The street was full of people at the time, and this took place at the Cross of Callan. I made no reply, but we walked on together down Mill-street. He said after some time that he wanted to make me a mein ber of a society. I asked him of what sort of a society, or what it was grounded upon. He did not tell me presently, but afterwards said it was a secret society, that it was founded on good motives, and that the greatest men in Kilkenny were members of it. I asked who the members were. He replied that he could not tell me that till I became a member myself. Could not say positively whether a portion of this conversation took place in Mill-street or in the corn field into - which we went from the street. He said he should test me, .and that I should take an oath. We went into a corn field, and I there inquired again about the nature of the society. He said he should swear me before he could tell. I refused at first to be sworn. He said he would sacrifice all he possessed to have me. He then swore me, and said the object of the society was to make Ireland a free and independent democratic republic. He swore me on a book like a Prayer-book, and produced the form of the oath written out. As well as I can recollect the oath, it was this : " I, Patrick Callaghan. do swear in the presence of God to renounce all allegiance to the Queen of England, and to take up arms and fight at a moment's warning to make Ireland an independent democratic republic, and to yield implicit obedience to the commanders and. superiors of this secret society. Finally, I take this oath without any jnental reservation whatever.' _ I am quite sure these were the words, as well as I can remember. The oath having been repeated, I kissed the book. He then gave me the document of the oath,' and tcld me to write a form of it in my own hand. I never did so, but tore it up in about six weeks time. He said that the taking of the oath gave me power to. swear in nine men. He did not tell me the names of any of the members of the society, but said it was a secret club, and he could not tell. I subsequently spoke to him about the society, when he made it known to me that the Bridge-street boys were ' all right.' Before we separated he gave me no sign or word ; but he told me that there were ambassadors sent to America, and that he couldn't tell me anything more till their return. He was not staying in Callan then, and I knew he was to go to Kilkenny by the mail car: It was one month from the time I was sworn when I next met him. I inquired if there was any subscription to be paid. He said no, but it would be necessary for me to procure firearms, a pike, and ammunition. I never swore in any memb er , b u t . did speak to a person about who refused to have anything to do with the society. I afterwards told Hawe that I intended to retire from the society for the priest would not hear my confession while I continued a member of it, but h a d t urne d me away . Hawe sa id, Don't mind that, but stop as you are.' Some of the Callan boys were with him at the ti m e. The conversation took place on the public car, on which we were sitting. The same day I got a message to meet him, but we had no further conversation. I had a conversa ti on a ft erwa rd s , and received two books from him, but did not get them from himself, but from a person he sent them by. He told me ho would send me more instructions. I told him afterwards that I had got the books. When I got them first I laid them on a heap of coal, and afterwards put them in my box in the house. (The books were here produced and identified. They were printed b W. Kelly of Dublin, and were some of the Yung Ireland productions, professing to instruct Irishmen how to arm for the defence of their country, &c.) He asked me if my number (the nine men) had been made up. I said. I had made them up, but that was untrue; I merely said it to please him. My object was to pass him for the time. It was at our second meeting that he men tioned the firearms and the pike.' " This was the substance of Callaghan's state ment as regards Hawe ; his statement as regards the other prisoners, as we are informed, merely con sisted of observations made by them to him in the: street, asking him, had he his number made up ; some of the queries to which he attached import ance appeared very absurd, although they might have a sinister meaning, such as Are you married yet ?" Did you kill the pig yet r&e. " This man was cross-exam i n▪ ed by Mr. Qui n on the part of Hawe, and by Mr. Lowe for the other prisoners, with the object of leading to the inference that lie had concocted the story which h e told, but nothing material, was elicited. H e de clared his sole object in giving i▪ nformation t o th e authorities• was that his mind was uneasy, and on account of the tremendous observations' on the subject made by Father Salmon, went to the head THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 13, 1859. THE NAVIGATION OF THE RIVER ELBE. The following is an extract from the annual report of the Board of Commerce of Hamburg, dated December 31, 1858 : " One of the questions which have particularly occupied the attention of the Board of Commerce during the past year refers to the Elbe tolls. Its importance to our commercial prosperity, and the peculiar position in which it has been placed by the recent negotiations of the Elbe-bordering, states, impose upon this the duty of stating their views in the present report more fully than in other times. _ " The great international treaty concluded between the five European powers and some other states at Vienna, in 1814 (the Vienna Congress Act), laid down, in the arts. 100 to 116, the general princi ples upon which the navigation of European rivers, traversing different states, was to be regulated; and the Elbe is expressly enumerated among these rivers. The fundamental stipulation is, that the navigation of the rivers along their whole course, from the point where they become navigable to their mouth, shall be entirely free, and shall not in respect to commerce be prohibited to any one ; and with regard to the duties on navigation the 11th article stipulates that the tariff shall be regulated in such a manner as to encourage commerce by facilitating the navigation. "It is obvious that moderate duties, if they are only levied as an equivalent for the careful main tenance and improvement of the stream, are more' advantageous to commerce and navigation than no duties 'would be, if concurrently the stream was neglected. The above important stipulation can only be read in this sense. The act does not con tain a single'word about financial appropriation of duties on these rivers to the detriment of interests of navigation. They Were to be levied for the pur poses of encouraging commerce by facilitating navigation. " ow has this wise international stipulation been carried out on the Elbe? The convention for the navigation of the Elbe, concluded at Dresden in 1821, which fixed the normal Elbe toll at 271 gros chen per cwt. of Hamburg weight, paid in sub stance but little regard to the above stipulations. So far, however, their influence prevailed that the 30th article gave this positive engagement, that from time to time revising commissions should meet, to take into consideration any measures or regula tions which, according to subsequent experience, might flirther facilitate commerce and navigation. The additional conventions concluded at Hamburg in 1814, and at Dresden in 1844, have, however, done little to carry out the principles of 1814. The tax formerly levied upon the vessel was abolished in 1844, but in its stead the normal toll was raised to 31 sibergroschen 11 pfenn. per cwt. At that time Hamburg remonstrated against the tax as exorbitant, but its remonstrances were met by the excuse that the navigation on the Elbe was, not withstanding, increasing; that other competing routes were still more expensive, and the thorough improvement of the stream would require for the next few years a large outlay. During the 12 years that have since passed these circumstances have undergone material changes. The transit dues by land in the Zollvereen.have beer considerably re duced on both sides of the Elbe ; railroads have been constructed, branching off to all places in the district formerly supplied by the Elbe navigation ; the duties on the Weser have been totally abolished ; and, finally, the Sound Dues ceased on Ist April, 1857. Notwithstanding these serious changes no conventional reductions of the excessive Elbe tolls has been obtained, the stream has not been at all improved—on the contrary, it has been allowed to grow worse and worse in - spite of all promise. " The third conferences at Magdeburg, 1850-54, only led to some insufficient palliative measures ; and if Prussia; Saxony, and Austria had not already previously introduced some modifications in ,their portions of the river, the whole Elbe navigation would have been totally ruined for all important articles of commerce. " More recently, and particularly since the abo lition of the Sound Dues, the traffic on the Elbe became so oppressed by Hanoverian, Mecklenburg, and Lauenburg tolls, that it was thought impossible that the conferences, which were again to meet at Hamburg in June last, would refuse relief. The former objections to modifications of the alleged prosperity of the Elbe navigation at all events could now no longer be opposed against a thorough re form of the Elbe tariff, in face of the fact, that the more important branches of the Elbe traffic have been entirely driven away from the Elbe by the pressure of the Elbe tolls. What facts could be more convincing than the following ? " The conventional normal Elbe toll from Ham 'burg to Magdeburg amounts to 17 silbergroschen 4 pfenn. per cwt., the railway freight to that place (inclusive of transit dues) to about 8k silbergroschen, the Elbe toll to Dresden 29 silbergrosehen 10 pfenn.; the railway freight to that place, 19 silbergroschen ; the Elbe toll to Prague, 33 silbergroschen 11 pfenn. the railway freight, 29 silbergroschen. " Even taking into account the facilities so liberally granted by Prussia, Saxony, and Austria, the disproportion remains still bad enough. It still leaves the Elbe the most oppressed of navigable rivers. On the distance from Lauenburg to Witten berge, a course of 75 English miles, on which the river freight amounts at the utmost to two or three silbergroschen per cwt., Hanover, Mecklenburg, and Denmark actually levy 6 silbergrosehen 5 pfenn. as their normal Elbe toil, that is, two or three times more than the whole freight ; and yet the stream in this part is kept in a lamentable condition. " As to the practical consequences of these oppres sive duties it. will be sufficient to point out this fact that the Elbe traffic in goods, paying the full and the half-amount of the normal 1011, has fallen from 2,033,000 cwts. in. 1845, to 294,000 cwts. in 1857, or to one-seventh of what it was 12 years ago. , " Prussia, at the beginning of the last conferences, in acknowledging the treaty-obligation of the Riverain States to remedy the present grievances, to her credit, made a proposition which would have given real relief. It was to reduce the duty on all articles paying 1-sth and more to 1-10th of the present tariff duty, and those paying at present 1-20th to 1-40th. This proposition was adopted without reserve by Austria, Saxony, and Hamburg, but was frustrated by the obstinate refusal of Hano ver and Mecklenburg , . The two latter states even refused to entertain the modified proposition of Denmark, to reduce the duty on the articles paying the full amount of the Elbe toll to one-half, and the duty on cotton and zinc to one-fourth. The only concession offered by Hapover and Mecklenburg was to reduce by a temporary and revocable ar • rangement the duty on goods going to and coming from Prussia and Saxony to two-thirds of the pre sent tariff, and to grant a further reduction on goods passing without transhipment to Bohemia. Expe 7 rience havingproved that the navigation is not able to bear even one-half of the tariff duty, it is evident that the proposed reduction to two-thirds was quite insufficient. The Board of Commerce therefore, upon being consulted by the Senate, declined to assent to such an arrangement. Not only Hamburg but also the other Riverain States declared the propositions of Hanover and Mecklenburg unac ceptable, and insisted upon the original propositions of Prussia, as that required by the stipulations of the Vienna Treaty and Art. 30 of the Act on the Elbe navigation, and as altogether necessary for the maintenance of the traffic on the Elbe. But Hanover and Mecklenburg obstinately rejected this fulfilment of their treaty engagements, and after six months of negotiations the Riverain Commis sion of 1858 broke up without any result. " It remains Row to be seen what can and must be done ? For the moment Hanover and Mecklenburg have succeeded in maintaining the present exorbi tant Elbe tolls, in order to promote their railway interests to the detriment of the river navigation. It has then come to this state of things, that the present Elbe tolls are retained not merely as for merly, for the sake of the revenue derived from them, but avowedly for the sake of interests en tirely unconnected with the navigation of the river. If the Elbe traffic enjoyed the facilities which were intended by the treaties, and thereby should again revive, so as to enable a proper steam tug service to be organised, the Hanoverian railroads might lose some traffic, and the Mecklenburg transit dues on the Berlin-Hamburg railway might become intole rable. These apprehensions may be well founded to some extent. But how can they . justify the smaller Itiverain States, not only in injuring the important interests of other States, but in violating treaty engagements sanctioned by the interna tional conventions of all Europe ? " It is the constant refusal • of Hanover and Mecklenburg to reduce the Elbe tolls that has chiefly caused the ruin of a formerly prosperous river traffic, hindered the development of the in dustrial and commercial resources of the districts of the Upper Elbe, especially of Bohemia, and diverted the trade artificially into less advanta geous channels, which would not have been selected had not the navigation of the Elbe been practically closed up for important 'branches of commerce. " The Prussian and. Austrian Governments, be- . longirig both to the contracting parties of the Vienna I Congress Act, have now formally acknowledged t hat the continuance of the present state of the Elbe navigation is in direct contradiction-1. To the convention of the Riverain States, which pro mised such further facilities for commerce and navigation as subsequent experience might require. 2. To the laws of the German Confederation, which guaranteed the stipulations of the Vienna Congress Act for the freedom of rivers ; and finally-, 3d, to the international stipulations of the above act, which provided that the tariff should be regulated so as to encourage commerce by facilitating navi gation. "In the face of such well-founded claims, the re sistance of some Riverain States, consulting only their own particular interests and their own con venience, must ultimately yield, if the German powers, in vindicating the general interests of Ger many, materially concerned in this question, took at once efficacious steps to carry out fully the stipu lations of the above treaties, or if the Germanic Diet, upon an appeal against the violation of these treaties, should direct redress to -be given. - But if these hopes should fail, the foreign powers, having signed and guaranteed the treaty of Vienna, may be called upon to secure 'in favour of the commerce of all nations, to the Elbe, those advantages which were stipulated by international treaties, and which have hitherto been illegally withheld by some of the Riverain States. "It would be an error to suppose that the pres sure of these river tolls-falls exclusively upon the countries bordering on-the Elbe ;- the commerce of foreign nations is equally prejudiced by them indi rectly, in so, far as their goods on the. Elbe are sub jected to these oppressive tolls, or obliged to go by more costly "routes to avoid them. " The aggregate amount of the Upper Elbe tolls levied by Hanover, Mecklenburg, and Denmark, in addition to the transit dues on the Berlin-Ham burg Railway, which notoriously are the river tolls transferred to the railroad, and with the Stade toll, which •comes likewise under the opera tion of the Vienna Treaty, has yielded during the decade, 1848 to '1857,a revenue of nearly 9 millions of thalers, or £1,350,000 sterling, of which sum the British commerce at least paid four millions, or £600,000, falling not only on the British exports to Germany, but as well on the British imports from Germany. What extensive commercial in tercourse might spring up between Great Britain and the industrious and fertile dominions of the Austrian empire, if this its most. important river communication to the north was opened to com merce by , the removal of the oppressive river tolls ?" Ar'e the interests of large and powerful nations, equally solicitous about the development of their resources as the protection of their commerce, to be permanently injured, only because it is convenient to some of the Riverain States to refuse the fulfil ment of their treaty-engagements ?, It is time that such an abuse should come to an end. ' " The Board of Commerce trusts thdt the Govern• ment of Hamburg will endeavour by all means to obtain a regulation of the Elbe navigation in accord ance with the treaties. But at the, same time, it is to be hoped that when• the conimereial and legal posi tion of the question is more universally understood, public opinion will declare itself strongly, against the continuation of - stieli illCkal obstacles to com mercial intercourse, and demand their immediate removal. The representatives: of conunercial com munities beyond Hamburg, equally interested in the commerce of the Elbe, will urge their Govern ments to claim energetically that the stipulations of the, Vienna Congress guaranteed to all , nations,, be applied also to the Elbe. "'The Stade toll was mentioned above as coming also under the act of the Vienna Congress.. This tax, is levied at present under a separate convention, concluded between the Riverain States of the Elbe, simultaneously with the additional Elbe Act, in 1844. The accession, of Hamburg ~to that conven tion was literally extorted, for. Hamburg had struggled against an arrangement, which was con trary as well to the Vienna Act as to former treaties. The Stade toll has become still more obnoxious to Hamburg since Hanover, not satisfied with levying this tax without rendering an equivalent for the benefit of navigation, now uses it unfairly as a dif ferential duty to the detriment of Hamburg. It is certainly not to be complained of, if neighbouring ports rise by competition upon equal terms, for se veral ports on the same river may prosper at the side of each other as commerce expands and com petition adds to the energy of all. But it is not competition upon fair and equal terms , if Hanover on the one side diverts trade to the Harburg rail ways by keeping up the exorbitant Upper Elbe tolls, and on the other side exempts from them all cargoes landed at Harburg. It is the highest in justice, that whilst Hamburg is oppressed by those tolls and provides, nevertheless alone, all the money for the maintenance of the Lower Elbe, the com merce of Harburg should profit by these river works without contributing to their expense, and more over be exempted from the Stade tolls, which Ha- noVer:levies upon the commerce of foreign countries without any equivalent. " For Hamburg it is therefore a favourable cir cumstance, that foreign States will no longer be bound to pay this passage toll, imposed by the con vention of 1844, contrary to the Vienna Treaty, when their special treaties with Hanover expire. It is most gratifying that those views have pre vailed during the past year in England, and that notice for the termination of the treaty of 1844 be tween Great Britain and Hanover has been given. In the report of the committee appointed in the House of Commons on the Stade tolls, the following resolutions were agreed upon : " 10. That it does net appear that any service whatever is rendered by Hanover in return for the tax levied upon the commerce of Great Britain. " 11. That if the treaty of 1844, by which the United Kingdom is. bound for a limited period to assent to the payment of the Stade toll, were deter mined by notice pursuant to the terms thereof, but little injury or inconvenience would arise to the trade of this country.' " In consequence of these resolutions and the evidence taken before the committee, especially the decisive statements of Sir Emerson Tennent, Secre tary to the Board of Trade, it may be hoped that notwithstanding the counter efforts of Hanover, the British Government will adhere to the resolutions of the committee, and refuse the further payment of the Stade tolls at the termination of the treaty of 1844. If one powerful nation once refuses to assent to this unjustifiable tax, the whole toll must cease, all the treaties with regard to the Stade toll containing the clause of the most favoured nation, so that when the cargoes under one flag can no longer be subjected to the payment, all other flags are entitled to the same exemption. The Stade toll and the ether Elbe tolls are closely connected, and the further negotiations cannot fail to lead to the con viction that all the Elbe tolls must be regulated according to the Vienna Congress Act. So long as the Riverain States were, or appeared to be, unani mous on the maintenance of the present tolls, and these did not actually drive away the traffic from its natural course, the foreign nations had no in ducement to notice the non-fulfilment of the inter national stipulations, but since the Riverain Com missions have been broken up, the state of this question has been entirely changed, and the conse quences cannot fail to come." A curious book might be written on the abuse by mankind of the noblest gift of Providence in the injury and destruction of great rivers. Of all the beneficent contrivances which adapt the planet we inhabit to the use and abode of man, there is no one which we should view with more gratitude and admiration than the rivers which drain, fertilize, and enrich the more favoured regions of the world. Yet there is no gift of Pro vidence which man has more scandalously abused. Last summer we were continually lamenting the miserable state of Father Thames ; if we have not turned his waters into blood, we have, at any rate, succeeded in killing all his fish, and have begun at last to undergo ourselves the disagreeable results of the nuisance we have created. The Rhine is forced to find its way into the sea by a sluice, and the wrongs of the Mersey have for several years firmed a prominent subject of Parliamentary investigation. But no river that we are acquainted with has suf fered the same amount of ill•usage as the Elbe. This noble river, rising in the mountains of Bohemia, and forming an excellent communication between the rich countries and the heart of Germany and the ocean which bears the German name, seems to have been selected to show what man can do to counter act by the most paltry arts and miserable expedients the beneficent intentions of the Creator. Some eight hundred years ago the Elbe was laid under contri bution for the purpose of building a cathedral, and a market toll granted for that purpose has become, in the shape of the Stade Dues, a heavy passing toll on all ships sailing up the river. The Elbe has had to undergo its share of feudal tyran nies from the rude population who have dwelt upon its banks, and in these later days the exactions levied upon its traffic amply replace all that could be extorted by robber barons or rapacious corporations. At last it seemed that the long period of oppres sion was drawing to a close. The .Congress of Vienna in 1814 laid down for the guidance of the great Powers, and thus virtually incorporated into the public law of Europe, the general principles upon which the navigation of rivers passing through different States should be regulated. Those prin ciples were, that the navigation of rivers along their whole course, from the points where they become navigable to their mouths, shall be entirely feee, and shall not in respect of commerce be pro hibited to any one ; and, further that the tariff of duties on navigation shall be regulated in such a manner as to encourage commerce by facilitating navigation. If we read these two principles together,—the first, the freedom of commerce, and the next the subordination of the tariff to the maintenance of that freedom, it seems to result that, so far as commerce is concerned, the public law of Europe now considers all rivers as free high ways, and that it tolerates no duties on those who pass.over those highways, except such as shall be honestly and fairly applied to the purpose of im proving the navigation. The friends of the Elbe can desire 'no more. Whatever is necessary to maintain the banks, to keep the stream free from obstruction, and do whatever else is required for the facility of transit they cannot possibly object to ; but they have a. right to say' that to make a profit out of the navigation of ,the Elbe, or, still more, to lay on tolls with the view of driving com 7 meree from its waters into other channels, is a direct violation of the pril i Treaty of Vickna. In this, ciples laid down by the as in many other eases, the sound principle of international law has been suffered to fall into abeyance, or rather to be grossly violated, for - want of soiree competent executive , authority whose duty it should be to put it into execution. The management of the River Elbe fell into the hands of the Riverain States, who were supposed, though, we believe, very erro neously, to have interests which would induce them to take all necessary steps for preserving the free navigation of the river. The free city of amburg, which lives and has its being in free trade, has indeed been uniform and unceasing in its efforts to emancipate the Elbe from the tyranny of its op pressors ; but, unhappily, its remonstrances were little attended to. In 1821 the river toll was fixed at 271 groschen per cwt., which was raised in 1844 to 31 silver groschen 11 pfennings, or more than 3s. per cwt. The sums thus collected amount altogether to £1,300,000 per annum, of which £600,000 are paid by the trade of Great Britain. For this vast expenditure nothing whatever is done for the improvement of the river. It is considered' fair booty levied on the unfortunate trader, and is applied without remorse in relief of the Exchequers of the different States among whom it is divided. But since these duties were imposed a vast change has taken place in the means of transit. The Zollverein has lowered its - duties. There is a railway on each bank of the Elbe, which actually carries goods'at a lower rate than the dues which are imposed for passing up the river amount to. The Elbe toll from Hamburg to Magdeburg amounts to 17 groschen 4 pfennings per hundredweight ; the railway freight for the same distance to about one half that sum. The Elbe toll to Dresden is in proportion to the railway freight as three to two, and the Elbe toll to Prague exceeds the railway freight by nearly five groschen, or 6d. a-hundred weight, so that, so far from ofering facilities to commerce, the Riverain States levy in the shape of tolls a tribute on goods passing up the Elbe con siderably larger than the cost of their transit itself. - Of course, the effect of this must be to expel traffic from the Elbe, and give it to the railways, for the benefit of which these iniquitous dues are avowedly imposed. The States that have been able to work out all this 'mischief are scarcely entitled from their power or their posi tion to the bad eminence which they have ob tained. It is neither Prussia nor Austria that has thus skilfully applied the tourniquet to the great artery of Northern Europe ; the Powers that have sanctioned and enforced this extortion are the potent kingdom of Hanover and the mighty Duchy of Mecklenburg. The motives in each case are peculiarly shabby. Mecklenburg receives a toll on the Hamburg-Berlin Railway, which she is apprehensive could no longer be levied if the Elbe were opened to fair competition . Hanover remits the Stade tolls to all vessels resorting to her own port of Harburg, and thus, while Hamburg defrays at its own cost the expenses of maintaining the navigation of the Lower Elbe, Hanover not only avails herself of this expenditure for the purposes of her trade, but levies a tax on Hamburg, for which she receives no equivalent, and remits the tax to her own citizens. We have before shown that the Stade Dues are imposed in defiance of the law of nations, and we therefore rejoice that, as the recent Congress of the Riverain Powers has sepa rated without giving any redress on any part of this question, the British Government has given notice of the termination of the treaty with Han over by which we are bound to the payment of these dues, and that this step will be followed by a distinct refusal to, pay them in future. It is also high time that the great Powers, parties to the treaty of Vienna, should come to the rescue of its violated stipulations, and prove to the satisfaction of the King of Hanover and the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg that at least on thersubject of free dom of commerce opinion in Europe has not retro graded between 1815 and 1859.—Times. THE ROYAL HUMANE SOCIETY. The eighty-fifth annual general meeting of the members of this society was held yesterday at the office, Trafalgar-square ; Mr. B. B. Cabbell in the chair. Mr. YOUNG (the Secretary) read the report, de tailing the operations of the committee during the past year, - which stated that the total number of cases of rescue, or attempted rescue from drowning brought under the notice of the society during the past year was 169, involving 281 persons. Of these 179 were successfully treated, and 11 were unfor tunately beyond recovery. 31 cases of attempted suicide had occurred, and 27 cases had been espe eially referred to the committee. The number of medals awarded for courageous and devoted conduct in rescuing drowning persons was 66. Thanks were also recorded on vellum and presented to seven persons, and on parchment to 14 persons; while pecuniary rewards had been given to 86 persons. The number of bathers in the Serpentine during the past season had been 165,200, and it was gratifying to record that in no case had any fatal casualty occurred. The state ment of income and expenditure for the year ended the 31st December last showed that £lB2 had been carried forward from the preceding year ; that subscriptions, donations, &c., had amounted to the sum of £1,718, and legacies to £45, making a total of £1,946. After deducting the expenditure a balance remained in hand of £79. The report was adopted, and votes of thanks passed to the president and officers of the society. The following cases were among those especially submitted to the meeting, as deserving of the silver medal of the society :—The Hon. T. J. Wynn, for saving Charles Vernon Hassall, military student, from the Thames, June 3d last; Mr. C. Pates, for saving Lewis James Knight, surgeon, from the Exe, at Exeter, April 18 ; Mons. M.Jacques Fosse, for saving Foulchier, blacksmith, at Beruciere, Aug. 5; Mr. Francis Hixon, for having saved Thomas Ross, acting mate of H.M.S. Herald, at sea, off Port Jackson, June 4 ; Viscount Hastings, for saving Henry B. Gough, from the river Suir, at Waterford, Aug. 8 , Sergeant John Buckley, Royal Limerick County Regiment, for saving Sergeant Mathew Mahony and. Private J. Buston at sea off Hythe, Kent, Sept. 22 ; Captain Edward Robarts, for saving Charles Butt at Little Hampton, Sussex, Oct. 1 ; Mr. G. J. Anstruther, midshipman, her Majesty's ship Magician, for saving T. Mills, sea man, at China, Aug. 30 ; Mr. John Sullivan, boat swain, her Majesty's ship Gorgon, for saving John Martin, A. 8., at Halifax, North America, Sept. 6 ; Miss Lucy Rowbotham, for saving H. C. Row botham from a tank, at Woolwich, Oct. 12 ; May Stout Hectorson, for saving the lives of two fisher men at Yell, off the Shetland Islands, Sept. 9 ; Corporal Thomas G. Warren, for saving John Gee, boy, her Majesty's ship Waterloo, in the sea at Sheerness, Sept. 17 ;- Assistant Surgeon J. Davis, 57th Regiment, for saving Private Powell, 33d Regiment, at Bombay, Oct. 13 ; Joseph Saunders, A. 8., her Majesty's ships Liffey, for saving Frederick Wraith, A. 8., same ship, at Devonport, Sept. F. A vote of thanks was passed to the chairman, and the meeting adjourned. [ADVERTISEMENT.j—Rarees Horse and C a ttl e Improv ing Food improves the stamina, vigour, endurance, and muscle of ill-conditioned or apparently worn-out Horses, Cows,' Bullocks, Calves, Sheep, and Pigs. -It causes no extra expense, as it contains far more and better nourish ment than its cost of lid. per feed supplies in corn or hay; hence ensures an actual saving. In a short time it improves the appearance and value of horses and cattle by , 'lO to 30 per cent. Rarey and Co., sole importers, 77, Pic cadilly, Quadrant, London. Packed in tins of about 42 feeds, 65.; of about 90 feed's, lls. ; in casks of about 450 feeds, 505.; of about 1,000 feedg, £5, being about lid. per feed. Goods forwarded on receipt of Post-office Orders. Important .Caution—Beware of spurious imitations offered by the ignorant and unscrupulous. All imitators will be proceeded against. ~ 2, NEWSPAPER _... _.. _ r-, _,...• Vv.)---- ,41 ~ i ,,... fg fit, constable while drunk, and ga ~ ,,- , p, n '.,k.-; :....'-', 4 7, 4....--- tAy tion. Would not take £l,OOO .. ; : -:. • .44,4,..,, young men: AI _a s F' The„result of the inquiry was that Martin Howe - was committed for trial at the assizes, bail being declined. Managan and Coyne were -die charged on their "own recOgnisances to, appear if again called for. Sullivan and Kavanagh were diScharged unconditionally on the ground_a an inSufficiency of 'evidence to support any charge against them. t' 'The inquiry did not conclude till between five and six o'clock in the evening; soon after which tithe four men discharged, with some of their friends, drbve from the county gaol on cars, through Patrick-street, on their return to Callan, shouting loudly in celebration of their deliverance from dur ance.'" The liberation of four of the Callan men created great excitement in that village on their return home ; and on Sunday the Rev. Mr. Salmon, the palish priest, after mass, preached to his congrega ticln, referring to the discharge of these young men, and expressing a hope that what had occurred would be: a warning to them and all his hearers against joining in any secret societies. He extolled in warm language the impartial and above-board manner in which the Earl of Desart had acted magisterially in the matter, both as to the arrests and the inves tiation, which resulted in the discharge of those men, and he recommended the noble earl to the prayers of the congregation, as a good and upright nobleman and conscientious magistrate. LUCKY ESCAPE PRIM MURDER. The following statement appears in Saunder's Nipcs Letter .7 !` The brother of a Roman Catholic clergym an wds fired at on his .way to Newport a short time since. 'vile was ric4ig, when he was suddenly attacked by three arffle4 ru„aane l —iine-of the ft fired at him, fortunately withriAffect. sev struggle eilisued ; but, in a mrin. rer which reflects the highest credit upon him for bravery and pre sence of mind, he secured two of the ruffians ; the third in the meantime fled. Having proceeded but a short distance they were met by some country pe , eple. The prisoners immediately dropped on th4ir knees and imploied mercy, stating that they ' mistook their man'—the laud agent of a gentle man in the neighbourhood. They were imme diately_ allowed to depart, which extraordinary conduct can only be accounted for by the dread from intimidation which exists in the neighbour hood. The informations were sworn before the resident magistrate and also lodged, as our infor mant believes, in Dublin Castle." THE CAPTURE OF THOMAS BLACK. The following account of the capture of Thomas Black, the murderer of his wife, is taken from the papers : • ‘ Thomas Black, the husband of the unfortunate woman who was found murdered in Deane•street, on l Sunday morning, was yesterday morning ar-, rested ; or, perhaps it may more properly be said dehvered himself up. It appears that the remains of the murdered woman were brought for interment ye4terday morning to Glasnevin Cemetery, and we •e followed by a numerous concourse. Among thEl spectators. Black was observed, after the funeral, by two men, one of whom first pointed him out to his companion, and, going over to the wretched man, laid his hand upon Ins - shoulder, and teld'him thqt he was ' a Queen's prisoner,' and that there was no use in offering any resistance. He then ac companied them quietly until . they came to police sergeant Delany, into whose custody he was deli vered. Another account of the transaction represents that Black first called out the names of the two men, whom he knew, being in the same trade, and that they thereupon stopped the car on which they were returning home, and that he then gaie himself up to them, observing that he could not rest. It is evident that he attended the-funeral with the intention of surrendering himself to jus tice, being impelled probably by feelings of remorse. He, was immediately brought to Chancery-lane sta tion-house, where his pockets were searched, and on 'his person weilta found a pair of long, sharp pointed scissors a putty-knife, a sharp trowel, a wide-bladed knife, and two newspapers, containing the, account of the murder and the proceedings at the inquest yesterday. It is conjectured that the murder was perpetrated with the scissors. He stated that he had read the newspapers, and knew that he had no chance of escape, asserting at the same time, however, that he knew nothing what ever of the crime he is charged with, as he was quite drunk on Saturday night, and that he did not know his wife was dead till he saw her in the morning. A messenger having been. despatched for Mr. Hyndman, city coroner, he soon attended at the station-house, accompanied by Surgeon Porter. Colonel Lake, chief of the police force, was also present, and at his request Mr. Porter examined the clothes worn by the prisoner, and found that the back of his shirt and the flannel vest which he wore were stained with blood. The form of committal upon the coroner's warrant on a charge of wilful murder, pursuant to the finding of the coroner's jury, was then made out, and the prisoner —who is a middle-sized, dogged, and dirty-looking man, about 35 years of age—was conveyed away in a covered car to Richmond Bridewell, amid the execrations of a dense concourse of the lower, classes, who soon got word of his arrest, and congregated about the vicinity of the station-house. A large crowd also assembled in front of the head police office, supposing that he would be brought up there, eager to catch a glimpse of him before his removal to the gaol. He will be tried at the next commis- - sion, which will open on the Bth February." DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY EVENING. Mr. Porter, the magistrate of the head police office, pronounced judgment to-day in the ca e of John Francis Nugent, of almanac notoriety. The magistrate refused an application for further post ponement, and directed that Mr. Nugent should enter into his own recognizances in the sum of £5OO and two sureties in £5O each, who were ob liged to swear themselves householders of the city of Dublin, and worth each £lOO over their just debts and liabilities. The recognizances bind Mr. Nugent to keep the peace and be of good behaviour for seven years, or in default two months' imprison ment. THE BO3IBAY, AUSThALIAN, AND UNITED STATES MAILS.--SOUTHAMPTON, Jan. 12.—The screw steamship Orissa, Capt. J. K. Joy, was despatched to-day by the Peninsular and Oriental Company for Gibraltar, Malta, and Alexandria, with the Bombay mails ; and the paddle steamer Thames, Capt. 11. P. Lewis, by the Royal Mail Company, for Malta and Alexandria, with the Australian and New Zealand mails. The Thames has 72 passengers, among whom are the Rev. T. V. Thompson, for Malta ; Dr. Edward Young, for Alexandria; Lieut. Hollinworth, Dr. George B. Beak, for Sydney, &c. ; also jewellery, value £4,100, and a general cargo. The Orissa takes 30 first and 10 second class passengers, and 15 men of the Royal Artil lery, under command of Captain Govan ; a large cargo and 295 boxes for Bombay, containing £81,230 in bar silver and five-franc pieces, and jewellery value £545 ss. Among her pdssengers are Col. Gordon, Surgeon and Mni. Brown, Dr. E. T. Downes, for Bombay, and Mr. Holton, the Peninsular and Oriental Company's superintendent Alexandria. The United States mail steamship Atago, Captain D. Lines, left Havre and Cowes to-day for New York., with the Preach and English mails, passengers, and a fullreargo. The next American mails to arrive at this port will be brought by the Fulton, Captain J. A. Wotton, due off Cowes on the 20th inst., on her way from New York to Havre. The Magdalena, Captain Abbott, is due on the 16th inst., with the West India and Pacific mails ; and the Indus Captain Weeks, on the 20th, with the East India and China mails. The Atrato, Captain Woolley, takes out the next West India and Pacific mails, on the 17th ; the Sultan, Captain Neil Cook, the Peninsular mails, on the same day ; and the Pera, Captain Jamieson, the India and China mails, on the 20th. DREADFUL SUFFERINGS OF A SHIP'S CREW. — The following narrative of the dreadful sufferings of the crew of the brigantine Minnie Harley, of and for Cork, from Archangel, with spars, tar, and pitch, and which was abandoned on the 29th ult. near Butt of the Lewis, i 8 from the report of one of the survivors. She sailed from Arch angel on the 2d of October last, under the charge of Capt. Lineghan, master, and had favourable weather until she rounded the North Cape, in about seven days from the time of starting. After a few days of unsettled weather, they encountered a succession of gales, the vessel being driven about by the cross currents in all directions and being hove to. The gales continued 28 or 29 days : they workedthe ship to the southward the best way they could, the sails were all damaged, and were repaired over and over again ; the topsails were shifted more than once. • The master and crew were ignorant of where they were, having lost latitude. Some days afterwards they sighted Flamborough Head, and put into Middlesborough for provisions and fresh water; they got provisions, but no water, and set sail again. For 35 day s they were knocking about the North Sea, during which the master became seriously ill through drinking a great deal of salt water. He gave charge to the mate, Daniel Leary, who soon afterwards became disabled from want of food and water. He took to his berth, after which the ship was ma naged by Henry Desmond, seaman, and the rest of the crew, three in number. On Chris mas-day the mate died from 1,,, starva ti o n, and at noon on e 28 t h the ship wore to mar the Butt of Lewis. The ca t a i nwas a li ve in his berth but insensible. Ther hoisted afl 0- of distress, and in the course of the day Mr. kenneth Muiray, a merchant of the port of Ness, and a boat's crew, came along-side; the ship was strain ing r int.; and making a great of water. Seeing their dreadful condition au d t eL lu aTin y g imm thr e e d e i o at f el t y he or c d r e e r w ed o h n is sh m o e re n , to talcs him which was accordingly d one . - A.ll of them were in a shocking con dition, almost exhausted and helpless. The master could not move, and the boat left without him, but afterwards re turned and brought him on s hore ; ; he, however, died on the following day, the 29th. The mate was left dead in the cabin. Henry Desmond and the other seamen drank a great quantity of water on landing. Had they remained on the vessel but a short time longer they must have shared the same fate as the captain and mate; they were so eNhausted as to be almost unconscious of what was occurring around. The provisions were eaten up three weeks previously ; there Was nothing whatever on board to subsist on excepting a dog, which they killed four or five days before the vessel was boarded by Mr. Murray, and which was the last food of .which they partook. None of the ship's papers, orthe log book, were saved, ~~ , ►usi were )eds, 951 a.— •ht 1, et, of N