The Sun. — London, England, 1869-04-02 00:00:00

THE QUAR7ERLIES. Tillage and General Dwellings Company, under the countenance and support of Lord Shaftesbury and other gentlemen who have so steadily co-operated with him in labours of a similar nature. The company have, it appearg, succeeded in obtaining an excellent site for their first experiment, the Ecclesiastical Commissioners having granted them a ninety-nine years' lease of a plot of ground of twenty-four acres at Loughborough Park, Brixton. The project appears to have been well-conceived and considered, and the directors have un questionably done wisely in selecting a site which is wide of the crowded districts of London, and is as much rural in its characteristics as the necessity of giving the work men easy and cheap access to their work will permit. Fresh air and gardens are capable of exercising far more influence upon the morale and habits of people than is generally imagined, and we think there is considerable importance to be attached to this feature in the under taking. Lord Shaftesbury's inaugural speech contains much that is worthy of consideration by the artisan class, but we would especially direct the close attention of those who have of late had their ears filled with declamation about the degradation of hard labour to the following passage :—" I know nothing," said Lord Shaftesbury " more dignified—even the Queen upon the throne is not more dignified—than the hcnest man bringing up his family in the fear of God, practising economy, and pro viding things decently in the sight of all men." The Herald thinks that Father Lavelle must be a very bold and imprudent man to have carried such a case into a public court of justice as the action for libel in which he figured as plaintiff at Galway. We profess ourselves at a loss to conceive how Father Lavelle, who asserts with such confidence that men seeking revolution, accompanied as it must be by the horrors of civil war, are still entitled to be enrolled in the ranks of the faithful, can maintain that simple, hardworking peasants are canonically cut off from their church as rotten branches, and denied the con solations of their religion, merelyfor sending their children to he taught in national schools in which doctrinal instruc tion is prohibited—and the teachers profess their own faith. The rev. gentleman's motives for excluding one of his parishioners from his chapel, mainly because travelled on the same car with Proudfoot, give s us a h lfa' e r indication of the unchristian lengths to which men suc h as he will go to prevent any reconciliation between Irish men divided by sectarian prejudices—and furnishes us with the realreason why the national system of education is so unceasingly—although, we are happy to say, so ineffee s tually—assailed by those who desire the perpetuation of party feuds for the unholy purpose of maintaining their own influence over an uninstructed and, from their teaching, bigoted peasantry. It may be impossible for any law enacted to deal with a system of persecution which seriously impedes the public welfare, but the knowledge that it exists, which we obtain from such trials as that of " Lavelle v. Proudfoot," enables us to expose it to public indignation, with; we should hope, not an unreasonable eaneetation of its ultimate suppression. The Telegraph considers Miss Rye's scheme for the emigration of " gutter children," and questions its pro priety. In the first case, it reminds Miss Rye that the cities of New York, Philadelphia, and Boston are already inconveniently crowded with " gutter children ; " that similar little ragamuffins may be found, only too plenti fully, in Montreal and Quebec ' • and that the American Commissioners of Charities and Correction, and the admi table Orphanages and Sisterhoods of Mercy in Canada, have quiteeenough to do in attempting to cope with the juvenile destitution which has been bred on their own soil, and lies at their own doors. In the second case, if the pro pounder of this kindly but ill-considered scheme reckons on the support of private individuals in America who will offer to receive her young charges, and " settle them p er manently in comfortable' homes," the result of a large emigrati.in of female gutter children to America, we apprehend, would be most disastrous—the door would simply be opened for a neat little system of white slavery. How dare we shift our responsibilities upon the shoulders of foreigners? These wretched urchins are our children? Our pride, our scepticism, our careless ness, our wickedness, have made them what they are. We are bound by the most solemn obligations of human polity to reap where we have sown. For what end have we reformatories, refuges, asylums, orphanages, a Poor taw, an Indust rial School Act? If we had discovered that all these institutions are mere shadows and impos tares—that we are impotent to deal with the evils which oar own blunders have created—then we mightbe tempted to hail Miss Rye's new scheme as a desperate resort ; but if we have anything like a national conscience or a national sense of duty, let us ourselves try to master that misery which grows rank amid our own splendid prosperity, through our own culpable neglect. The Star says that a dead set is to be made at the Government Assessment Bill by the metropolitan mem bers ; and they will be assisted by all the old-fashioned men in the House, and by many others who value local institutions, and are jealous of the central fsbsorptionof authority in local - affairs. The peculiarity of the case is, that there is general and earnest agreeme nt about the object in view, and great disagreement as to the means to be used. The present bill proposes a method, and the question was raised on Thursday night whether that method did not constitute the principle of the bill. This point was overruled, however. The mode of assessing was treated as a detail ; the debate on the general scope and theory of the measure was left for the committee, and the House only stands committed to the merest commonplace of assessment discussions, the desirableness of a common basis of value. Of course it is quite necessary that all precautions should be taken against over-centralisation, and against the arbitrary dislocation of convenient existing arrangements ; but it is a real boon that the bill of the Government proposes to confer, ane the present state of things is much more closely bound ut with petty jobbery and the felonious enrichment of small landlo3l4 than With the iattmt4 of the >pcor rattnyerff. The London Quarterly _Review deals with the chief literary and theological works of the season. Among the first are Milman's " St. Paul's," " The Lives of Lords Lvndhurat and Brougham." and " The Life of Keble." The reviewer of 6ir J ohn Coleridge's " Life of Keble" shews a full appreciation of the fine qualities of both the poet and his biographer, albeit the reviewer differs from them widely in theological sympathies. The lesson he draws is that we should "learn from Keble' intolerance, combined with eminent goodness, from his errors and superstitions, allied to undeniable saintliness, to be ourselves tolerant even to the intolerant," The critic of the " Lives of Lyndhurst and Brougham " considers that the biographer has not done justice to Brougham, and that he evidently thinks John Campbell a far greater man. Nor can it he denied that the ex-Chancellors did right in dreading the new terror which Campbell had added to death by his " Lives." The author of the article on St. Paul's compares the metropolitan cathedral with Westminster Abbey, and finds the second building, with its slow growth and historical associations, symbolical of the Constitution cf England, and the former, with its ,rapid erection and intimate connection with the life of the City, symbolical of the ch aracter of Englishmen. An article on the Bodleian Library con tains some very interesting information. Sir Thomaa Bodley, the fou of the library, was born at Exeter in 1545 ;he cameinto a handsome fortune by his wife, and at first entered upon a diplomatic career, where he ac hieved some success, but, through the jealousy o f Burleigh and Essex, failed to get p ro motion, and turned h is mind to literature. When at Oxford his spirit ha d been stirred within him by the traces of the reckless devastation which had been wrought among the literary treasures of the university by King Edward's commissioners, who burnt or destroyed every. thing which savoured to them of Popery. He therefore determined, for want of another career, to betake himself to Oxford, in order to restore the ancient library. He ransacked the stores of the English booksellers, he sent experienced agents to the Continent who were charged to scour the chief book markets of Europe, and having collected about 2,000 volumes, the library was solemnly opened in 1602. Bodley appointed a librarian, and made a special order that he should always be a celibate. This rule remained in force until 1813, when it was so far modified that the librarian was obliged to be unmarried at the time of his election. This last fetter was removed in 1856. It was scarcely fair of Bodley to make any such rule, considering that the revenues out of which he founded this library were derived from his wife. Her children were not a little angered when they found that all their mother's money had been left to the library. The Bodleian is the richest library, except the Imperial Library at Paris, so far as rare manuscripts are concerned ; in the numberof books it falls far short of both that library, which has nearly 900,000 volumes, and the British Museum, which has nearly 800,000 volumes, whereas the Bodleian has under 400,000. Among the curiosities at the last-mentioned library is the only extant copy of that edition of the Bible which has the "not" omitted from the Seventh Commandment. This blunder cost the printer a severe punishment, and the edition was rigidly suppressed. This single copy cost the library £4O. The abbreviated list of treasures given by . the reviewer is enough to make the biblio. phile's mouth water. The article on Leopold, King of the Belgians, is interesting, but might with advantage have been fuller. The life of such a king, the Nestor of European sovereigns, can hardly be compressed into twenty-two pages. The writer does not seem to be aware that the immediate cause of the rapture between the Prince of Orange and the Princess Charlotte (an event shorly followed by her betrothal to Prince Leopold) was that the Prince of Orange appeared one evening in public drunk, having, it is supposed, been purposely made so by the Russian Grand Duchess, who came over to frustrate the intended match. The writer also omits to mention that at the commencement of the revolutionary epidemic of 1848, Leopold told his people that if they wished him to abdicate, he was quite prepared to do so, an.d did not want an entente to compel him ; and that this sang froid quite disarmed the revolutionists in Belgium. Another incident might be added, viz., that when Leopold received the (AL.: of the Belgian Crown, he said he had been called upon to reign over a million restive asses. This uncomplimentary speech does not seem to have reached the ears of his subjects. The reviewer mentions that Leopold foresaw the disastrous end of the Mexican expedition, which cost his son-in-law his life, and his daughter her reason. Himself the son-in-law of an English king and of a French king, he would always have been a person of considerable influence, but there is no doubt that he owed his high position in the estimation of Europe to his great prudence and good sense. We Englishmen owe him a special debt of gratitude, since he set the example of abstinence from party politics, which has been followed by his niece, Queen Victoria, to the great advantage of this nation, as we shall admit when we remember the personal interference of George IV. and William IV. and their father. I have space only to refer to the very able criticism on Dr. Davidson's Introduction to the New Testament. The uncritical absurdities of that book are well exposed, no doubt, by the same critic as six years ago reviewed the doctor's work on the Old Testament, LITERARY EXTRACTS. MIDNIGHT EASTER SERVICE IN ST, PETERSBURGH. Slowly boom out the strokes of midnight, and on a sudden the door of the sanctuary falls back, and forth march the assistant priests in their silver-spangled robesand quaint helmet-shaped caps, and sweep down the line between the dense masses of beholdets to the central platform ; while at the same time the choir peals forth the beautiful anthem, " Lord, have mercy upon us" (Gospodi pomilui), which dies away among the mighty arches in a cadence inexpressibly sweet and plaintive—the characteristic fea ture of all Russian music. On the high platform we can see the glittering robes of the priests, grouped around the coffin which typifies the Great Sacrifice ; and in another moment it is raised by four tall _deacons richly attired, who glide up the long vista and vanish into the Sanctuary, preceded and followed by the priests with bowed heads and folded hands, marching in time to a mournful chant from the choir. As they sweep to- ward the outer gate, whence they must make the circuit of the entire building, a solemn silence falls on the great assemblage ; all stand mutely expectant, as though awaiting some great event. Suddenly arises a distant sound of chanting, coming gradually nearer and nearer ; and at last from the opposite door re-enters the procession, but this time in triumph. Sacred banners follow the march now—faces are uplifted instead of droop ing ; and, mounting the platform, they wave their tapers, while the chief priest lifts his hands on high, and cries in a loud voice, " Christ is risen !" Then burts from the choir the grand "Resurrection Anthem," while at once a sea of bright points surges up through the whole multitude, as almost at the same moment thous - ands of tapers are lighted ; and on every side is heard the greetings which will run to-day throughout the length and breadth of the land—" Christ is risen ! He is risen indeed."—From " Easter Day in Russia," in the Churchman's Shilling Magazine for April. A WISE BIRD. A friend once kept a heron on his lawn, and a very amusing bird he was. When first captured, he was very sulky and refused all food. Fearing he would otarve, the owner forced some fish down the bird's throat, but the next moment saw it returned upon the grass. The process was repeated with the same result, and a third time my friend endeavoured ineffectually to overcome the obstinacy of his captive. At length, reflecting how the Chinese treat their trained cormorants, by fast ening a strap round the neck to prevent the fish from going down he tied a piece of tape round the heron's neck, to prevent the fish, in this case, from coming up. The experi ment was perfectly successful, and the bird finding it im possible to disgorge, at length abandoned the attempt, and subsequently fed himself. Fish were placed for him in a fountain on the lawn, and he evinced great delight in taking them from the water. One day a rat was observed helping himself to the heron's food. The rightful owner caught him in the act, and with one blow of h:sformidable bill felled him to the ground. Seizing him, then, before ho could recover, he carried him squeaking to the fountain, and ducked him. After shaking I iim well under water, he heldliim up for examination. The rat spluttered and squeaked in abject terror, and again was he submerged. The dose was repeated, until the unfortunate rat at length succumbed, and being by this time nice and tender, the heron pouched and his then elongated form was seen distending the thin skin of the bird's neck in its passage downwards, until it finally disappeared for ever. Itardwicke's Science Gossip. " IL Y A Fnuom ET FAGUM" I think we might have a triumph over the French in a small matter of expression ; and it is rare that we can have any such triumphs. There is the proverb "Il y a fagots et fagots," a proverb which has become one of the most frequently used in modern times, as expressing nominal similarity and substantial difference. Lilt the words are surely very ill-chosen. One bundle of sticks is really very like another bundle of sticks. rut suppose we were to change it in this way : " There are kisses and kisses." Then you would have something of which the name was the same, but the substance very different. There is the kiss of custom, the kiss of respect, the kiss of duty, the pre-conjugal kiss, the conjugal kiss, the filial kiss, the playful kiss—as when the grandfather is found, without any intention of course on his part, directly under the mistletoe -bough-- the kiss of betrayal, and the kiss of pas sionate devotion, of which the poet says:— " A man had given all earthly bliss, And all his worldly worth fur this, To waste his whole heart in one kiss - Upon her perfect lips.'; erIBIT OF ',EHE PUBLIC JOURNALS• The Times thinks that the House of Commons on Thursday night established an extremely valuable pre cedent with regard to the Norwich Commission. Two of the representatives of the county declared the corruption at Norwich to be trivial. Fortunately for the reputation of foe Lower House, Tar. Hardy intervened in the discus• Dion and set the matt( :r at rest. He pointed out a truth which became self-e vident as soon as it was indicated, that when a. judge reported his belief in the prevalence of extensive corruption, the House of Commons could not question the report, or affect to diminish its weight and disregard it as unimportant, with out entering upon a task fatal to its character. There can be no question that the principle enunciated by Mr. Hardy is that to which the House of Commons ought rigidly to adhere. If the judge reports that corruption has prevailed in a constituency, it will be the duty of the Attorney-General to take up the report and move the House to address the Crown to act upon it, and the House upon such motion must as a rule assent to the address without opposition. Mr. Howes declared that the results of tb e Norwich inquiry would prove so trivial as to make the House ridiculous, but it is not the House of Commons which would appear ridiculous ; the fault— if there was any fault, and we shall not believe in its possibility until it is established—would be with the judge, who misapprehended the amount of the corruption that prevailed. Another argument, which - seemed to have more weight with the House of Commons, was founded on the 'supposed hard ship to Norwich of having to bear the expense of a corn. missions of inquiry, butwe think it will be seen, on a little consideration, that the direct punishment of a constituency for corruption practised within it is oue of the most pro mising means of repressing corruption. The Standard declares that the House of Commons has been wont to .rote a commission when one of its own cap mittees has reported that there is reason to believe giat corru pt practices extensively prevailed at the late election. How much the more is it bound to accept the report of: a judge, who must be assumed to be impartial, especially when the Attorney-General undertakes the responsibility of endorsing it? Indeed, as the right hon. gentleman said, the statannent of bhe judge should be conclusive in favour of the commission without its endorsement by the Attorney-General. If the result of accepting these state ments of the judges should prove mischievous it will be for Parliament to provide a remedy. So a com e mission will inquire into corrupt practices at Norwich. We believe that Mr. Itead that it will do no practical good, and that its principal result will be'to rake up a lot of old and wretched scandals. Sir Henry titracey and the Conservative leaders in Norwich, however, have reason to be thankful, so far as they are personally concerned. that the House of Commons has asked the Queen to grant it. The very short debate was a complete admission on the part of their political opponents that Sir Henry Stracey and his committee did their utmost to prevent any corrupt proceedings, and that if the hon. baronet has. been held legally responsible for the acts of a few of his supporters, he is morally innocent of all complicity in the paltry transactions which unseated him, and will deprive the capital of East Anglia for some months of its due share of representation in Parliament. The Times in discussing the clerical agitation which hat now begun in Ireland, says that in Parliament the course of the Irish Churchmen and their English allies is clear. On the principle of the bill there can be no compromise whatever. The Church must be disestablished, and it must lose the endowments which adhere to disestablish. went. But in the details of so important a measure there must be many things open to criticism, and long debates will give opportunities for successful interposition. To speak in plain terms, the Irish Church must be content to direct its efforts to keeping as much of its property as pos sible, and to this the action of the Opposition must come at last, whatever protestations and denunciations may be indulged in at present. The Government would probably be willing to conciliate the Irish Churchmen, and would yield more, perhaps, than strict justice sane• tions. The Catholics will get their Maynooth money, their right to which is very doubtful, simply because there is a disposition to content everybody in such cases as this. So the Protestants may even better the very liberal terms which the Government has offered them. On the other hand, " No Surrender " will he utterly ruinous in com mittee. We may as well inform our Irish friends that the dresentrHouse of Commons will not tolerate for a single evening amendments the object of which is plainly to defeat or delay the bill. If the House be provoked by any such tactics, it is quite capable of rejecting the amend• ments of the Opposition in mass, and Irish Churchmen will have only their own mistaken zeal to thank if they :receive but bare justice. The Post refers to the successful start of the Suburban THE SUN, _LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 2, 1E69. nen, too, these different classes of kisses are srtrangeiy intermingled, as when, for instance, an old and attached Minister, upon some formal occasion, kisses the hand of his sovereign, but yet expresses in that kiss his reverent, fond, and abiding attachment—a Burleigh kissing, on receiving some wand of office or some mark of favour, the hand of Queen Elizabeth. You cannot find any two things in which there may be so much outward resemblance, and at the same time so much inward difference, as in two kisses. If you were to say " There are houses and houses "—well, there is considerable difference in houses ; but, for the most part, there is a similar inconvenience and a similar want of skill and adaptation to be found in tho mansion in Belgravia as in the suburban semi-detached residence. Yes, I think the rest of the world would admit that, if we were to turn " It y a fagots ct fagots," into "There are kisses and kisses," we should have made a translation that far exceeds the original in force and m eaning, as much, indeed, as Dryden exceeds Horace, here and there, in his rendering of some Horatian Ode.— Mr. Arthur Helps, in Good Words. Is now a race ot economy between I/16 different departments, so the battalion, together with the wives and children of the officers and men, are to be taken to Portsmouth, there embarked on board a transport, and carried by sea round the Land's End to Liverpool. The saving effected thereby is £231; but the amount of discomfort in flicted upon some 650 persons in having to make a sea voyage at this season of the year, to say nothing of the real danger which there is in a voyage at such a stormy season as this, may well be put against the pecuniary saving. the Rev. E. - Leighton, of liornsey, miamesex, ana his wife, during their joint lives, an annuity of £l6O, and to the survivor an annuity of £BO. He leaves to his sons and daughters the residue of his property, including securities on bonds in the company " John Crossley and Sons (Limited)." The sons arc to receive each a double share of that of the daughters. CHANGES AT WOOLWICH. The Royal Military Academy at Woolwich is to be abolished, or, rather, is to be amalgamated with the Royal Military School at Sandhurst, and the school building will be devoted to advanced military instruction for the Royal Artillery. The Herbert hospital at Shooter's-hill is to be given up, and its inmates transferred to the Royal Marine Infirmary at Woolwich. The negotiations for letting the royal doeliyard to a private firm are said to be draw ing to a successful close. HEART DISEASE IN THE ARMY. The question of the soldier's accoutrement is still before the public, Mr. Meyers who recently lectured, on the subject, and Dr. Maclean, of the Netley Medi cal School, having both put forward some explanation of their views. Mr. Meyers says that there cannot be a doubt of the highly prejudicial effects of the constriction produced by the accoutrements, but he does not believe that any injury would accrue to the heart of the soldier from ordinary knapsack drill if freedom were provided for the full expansion of his neck arid chest. The present tunic fits him like a glove, and the collar is exactly measured to the size of the neck, and fastened by a large hook, becoming an unyielding ligature when the soldier is carrying his knapsack, &c. Dr. Maclean, who has also delivered lectures on the subject, explains some medical details, and says that he has been most desirous to awaken the atten tion of the military and medical authorities to the remarkable prevalence of diseases of the heart and great blood-vessels in the army, a prevalence due to the injudicious and oppressive nature of the uni form. This point is now gained, for an improved system of accoutreing the soldier is being adopted. THE MURDER AT NORWICH. The conviction of Sheward for the murder of his wife has not given general satisfaction. There is a complaint that the old British law, that a man must be proved to be guilty before he is regarded as such, has been set aside. The confession has been taken as proof. As the man retracted it, it should not, it • is argued, have been so taken. A confession under such circumstances being valuable only as pointing to a train of evidence which may lead to the proof, or as swelling to a certain etent the weight of certainty, it should not be held as positive. The judge laid down that the jury had no need to be absolutely certain that the remains discovered were those of Mrs. Sheward, as the confession constituted direct evidence on that point. But those who find fault with the verdict lay down that, either circum stantially or otherwise, the confession should have been shewn to be true. The point is a most impor tant one. Practically the question is whether a man's confession, afterwards retracted, may be held as evidence. TIIE ENDOWED SCHOOLS BILL. The present Government seems destined to incur the hate of the instructors of the people. Their Irish Church policy has brought upon them the cor dial dislike of the clergy ; and their educational schemes are bringing upon them the denunc iations of the schoolmasters. In Scotland the Duke of Argyll is being soundly abused ; and Mr. Forste r, if he be not very careful, will be held up to scorn to the learning youth of England. But he has as yet t r odden verysoftly on the t oes o f the English teachers. The College of Preceptors has sent up a pe tition against his Endowed Schools Bill. The school masters ask for represent a ti on on the Central Boar d of Education about to be established. Such repre sentation has been given by the Government scheme to the Scotch schoolmasters ; they ask for more The English will be glad to get any. POWER OF VOLUNTARYISM. - - Some interesting statistics shelving the power of voluntaryism are published. They , are contained in the report of the Surrey Chapel—Mr. Newman Hall's. The number of communi can t s attending this place is 1,320. Besides providi ng f o r the pastor, these, together with the co ngrega ti o n, have subscribed nearly £4,000 towards suc h things as the support of the poor, the Sunday an d d a y s chools, missions, &C. Many of the people are artisans, and the largest portion belong to the lower middle class. What might not the higher classes do ? THE NEW LAW OF CHURCH RATES. Mr. Carvell Williams of the Liberation Society writes to the Daily .2Vezcs to say that parishes have still as much power as ever they had to make a church rate ; the recent law only prevented the rate from being recovered e,t AMERICAN FEELING TOWARDS ENGLAND. Mr. Reverdy Johnson in his speech at Newcastle on-Tyne was still as sanguine as ever. Though the Clarendon-Johnson treaty has been repudiated by the new President, the United States Minister in this w co i t l i l n s t o ry on h b a e s nseottatehde. s m T all be es l t ett do e ub rf t that all diff erences will Nffereewin,ocreisc correspondent of the Daily News gives a ve . ry different prospect. With him all is as grey as with Mr. Johnson it is rose-coloured. The correspondent says " There is a Brea: deal of sore and bitter feeling against England, and there is not the slightest disp os ition to be satisfied with a pecuniary settlement, but nobody whom anybody minds talks or thinks of fighting about it. There is no dis- , position to settle the Alabama matter now, and least of all to allow the Alabama claims to be brought into court on the same footing as the claims of Englishmen who have been incidentally damaged by the war. In other words, people will not a llow you to treat the wrong as merely a cas e o f material injury. They will see in it a moral offe n c e , because they view it in connection with the lan guage of the press and of public men in England during the war, and consider it, therefore, as one of the forms in which the prevailing dislike of America found u tterance." The w r it er i s , moreover, not at all surpr i se d a t this soreness. I-Ie reminds his readers how nearly the whole British newspaper press, how the imm ense ma jority of Englishmen not only sym ' pathised with the South, but insulted the North. Every bragging tale told by the first was believed ; every truthful statement told by the second was a bag of lies. We have forgotten all this ; we are magnanimous, and wish to shake hands. The Americans have not forgotten it, for their commerce was destroyed ; they lost half a million of their man hood ; they have to bear a debt of £500,000,000. In the end, the writer has no doubt, the Alabama business will be settled fairly and peceably. There is some amount of passion and excitement shewn in certain quarters. But was the Trent affair treated quite in cool blood ? PREF, TRADE OR COPYRIGHT. The letter from Triibner and Co., protesting against the Messrs. Rotten publishing Hans Breitt man's ballads, has called forth a reply from Mr. Hotten. Re argues with much force that as free trade exists it should be admitted to exist entirely. If the firm of Triibner and Co. think it worth while to advertise largely, and spend a great deal of money over a work that is not copyright,. they do it —and they should understand it—at their own risk, at the risk of others being able to do it cheaper and better atter they have brought out their edition. Mr. 'Totten would hail an international copyright between Engl.na and America as a boon .to authors and publishers in both countries, but until that is esta blished there should be no trade etiquette to over come free trade. THE MAINTENANCE Cr CU:LBW:N. A. correspondent of th e Ti me s calls attention to the altered state of the l aw as re gards the maintenance children. by a father of his Until recently a man could not be compelled to maintain his wife and children properly except through the medium of their first becoming char is still the law as reg ar d s the wife; pariah may but by an Act which came into ope ra ti on l as t year the guardians of any union or g e able to the parish. This prosecute any parent wilfully neglecting to provide for any child under 14 such food, clothing, me di ca l aid, and lodging as health requires ; and the parent is punishable, on summary conviction, b y imprisonment for not more than six months with, or without, hard labour. ARBITRATIONS. The lawyer's definiti on o f a n arbitration as a very costly and most unsati s f ac t or y arbitration settles kind of lawsuit, was not given without som e exper ience. In many cases cases out of hand which would otherwise fill the la w cour ts, and cost no end of money. But in o th ers the suit lingers on from day to day, is mos t expensive, and when the end comes is satisf ac t or y to neither party. Mr. Juland Danvers, writing to the Times, calls atten tion to one which has now lasted some nine years. It was commenced in 1860, but the parties to it can not get the thing settled. It pays the lawyers to keep it in hand, and so they adjourn as quickly as possible. Two hundred and twenty-four sittings have already been held, and the matter is still far from settlement. Many of the sittings, indeed, were mere meetings for adjournment. The fees, of course, were paid, but no work was done. Beware of arbitration. ALMOST A MILLIONAIRE. A few days since the will of " Joseph Crossley, Esq., of Bromfield, Halifax, Yorkshire," was proved in the London Court of Probate. His personalty was proved under £OOO,OOO. This very neat little sum is thus divided. He leaves to his wife his residence, with the furniture, plate, and all other house hold effects, together with an annuity of £2,000. He leaves to his son Edward a legacy of X 2.000 and a share in thQ.xesidue, _ j-19. leaves t 9 NATIONAL. SPORTS. Considering the inclemency of the weather the Epsom Spring Meeting has been remarkably successful. Turf worshippers are always prepared to rough it at spring meetings, and by Tuesday the tremendous gale, which worked such ill at Dover, had considerably moderated. It was bitterly cold on the Downs, but there was nothing to complain of. The racing will be found to present many features of interest. In the Trial Stakes, Blue flown and Formosa, the winners of last year's Derby and Oaks, ran, The odds were 5 to 2 on Blue Gown; 10 to 1 against Formosa. Both animals were ill very fine condition, and ;he odds seemed strangely disproportionate. So the event proved ; for Blue Gown had much difficulty in getting rid of the Oaks winner, and succeeded in pull. ing the race off by not more than a head. If the racing world were susceptible of learning by experience, the City and Suburban Handicap might prove a most valuable lesson, but the racing public will not "profit by loss." Having won a trial with Blue Gown and the Palmer, Vagabond was supported to such an extent that the public, anxious to secure the good things before the stable commie. sion was executed, brought the horse down to 5 to 2. Sir Joseph Hawley, however, could not be expected to tolerate this price, and accordingly, on Monday afternoon, Vagabond was scratched. If the public will indulge in premature backing, it must be prepared to take the consequences. Alpenstock succeeded Vagabond as first favourite, La Belle Helene and the Drummer coming next. But positions changed a little before the start was made, Alpenstock being then at 4to 1, and the Drummer at sto 2. The start was not effected until an hour had been lost. It was a very strag. gling start, of which Poinsettia got the best, but she retired at the mile post, and on entering straight nothing looked better than Vacuum; Alpenstock, how ever, who had been lying about fifth all through, had the race in hand within the distance, and won easily from the Drummer and Birthday, whom a head divided. The winner was immediately quoted at 10 to 1 for the Two Thousand, and 100 to 6 for the Derby ; but the next day's performance made all the difference in these prices. After coming in third for the Great Metropolitan, Alpenstock receded to 100 tc 8 for the Guineas, and 50 to 1 for the Derby—a position which is not likely to be materially altered during the next two months. The weather on the second day was miserable. In the morning it was dull, cold, and damp, and in the after noon very little improved. Whatever interest there was centred in the Great Metropolitan. Alpenstock and the Drummer started equal favourities at 3 to 1, 100 to 30 being given against the Vagabond. But the latter was charily believed in after the escapade of the previous day, and the interest of the race was confined chiefly to the match between the Drummer and Alpenstock. The result very clearly proved that the latter could not yield the other 101 b. The race was never in doubt. The Drummer ran like a stayer, was always in front, and won easily by three lengths. Vagabond was only fourth, and the result so far is a decisive proof of the utter uselessness of private trials when unsupported by the test of public form. Drummer deserved his victory. He is a good horse, not handsome, but neat, and full of life and activity. But why this race should justify his being quoted at 6 to 1 for the Two Thousand it is impossible to tell. Winning the Metropolitan is not coming in first ovtr the Rowley mile. The Drummer will meet with very different opponents at Newmarket. The event of this meeting has been the scratching of Vagabond. This measure caused tremendousuproaramongst those who had foolishly lavished their money upon the horse without consulting the owner's intentions ; but im partial judges will support Sir Joseph Hawli y. It is hardly to be expected that an owner will run his horses purely for the emolument of other people. The rash backing of Vagabond amounted to a conspiracy to prevent Sir Joseph from investing upon him. The cricket season has yet to commence. The ban weather prevented the Colts Match at Newmarket from coming off ; but there are now signs of improvement, and we shall doubtless soon be in full swing. An attempt was made to resuscitate the "noble art' in the Manchester district on Tuesday. William Brown and John Miller tried conclusions at catch-weight for £25 a side. The affair was " successfully brought off." The betting was 2 to 1 on Brown, who secured the victory after some very indifferent pugilism. The referee decided against Miller on account of a fall, but Brown would have won had the contest been finished. The Attorney-General's bill to abolish imprison ment for debt has been published. It does not extend to Scotland or Ireland, and is to come into operation at the be ginning of next year. It abolishes imprisonment for debt, except in some few cases. These are default in payment of —l, a penalty ; 2, a sum recoverable summarily; 3, money in the hands of a trustee; 4, costs for misconduct by a solicitor or attorney ; 5, salary for the benefit of creditors; 6, sums its respect of which orders are made in the Coulity Courts or inferior Courts. The power of committal for Email debts by County Court judges is retain( d, but the term of imprison ment is limited to three months. Persons in custody at tho commencement of the act aro to be discharged. A de fendant about to leave England may be arrest , d. The so• cond part of tho bill enacts that fraudulent debtors may be imprisoned for two years with bard labour. Another colliery fatality is reported from near l3rierley Hill. On Wednesday two " doggies," named John Willetts and Healy Careless, were engaged in re pairing a shaft at the pits belonging to Messrs. N. llingle and Co. After they had in some measure completed their work they signalled to be drawn up, and the engine was put in motion for that purpose. As the rope and cage neared the top of the shaft, Careless noticed that it was going very fast, and made efforts to get out. Whilst he was doing this the cage rose above the pit mouth, ani was in danger of being drawn over the pulley, upon which he made a spring, and foil down the pit shaft, a distance of more than one hundred yards. Ile was taken up dead, and shockingly disfigured. In the meantime, Willetts had been drawn up to the pulley, and thrown out, but he fell upon the bank, and sustained a severe fracture of the ribs. But faint hopes are entertained of his ultimate recovery. " NO SURRENDER." Do the Protestant Conservatives of Ireland really think that the threatened disestablishment of the Irish Church may yet be averted ? They are con tinually pointing to the Battle of the Boyne', And shouting out the old Orange cries. But do they really hope that the threatened danger may be removed? Because, if not, they are acting most unwisely in their declaration against compromise. They will have the whole loaf or none. The Orangemen of Belfast, on Wednesday, raised " the old flag." The resolutions, the Conservative papers boast, were of the most uncompromising character. One of them was to the effect " That we shall continue to uphold the legislative union between Great Britain and Ireland so long as the international compact is respected and held inviolable by the British Parliament, but should the fifth article of the Treaty of Union, which is expressed to be essential, fundamental, and perpe tual, be repealed, we shall be forced to regardthe union as virtually dissolved." This resolution was carried by acclamation. Amongst those who voted for it were the Marquis of Downshire, Lord Enniskillen, Lord Cole, and Lord O'Neill. Do those who have seats in the House of Lords, who gave assent to this resolution, intend to forego their privileges . as peers if the Irish Church Bill is passed, or is the phrase about the virtual dissolution of the Union emntv boast ? Echo answers " boast." The clergy as well as the laity have determined to follow the example of Mr. Micawber's early life. They will make no provision for to-morrow ; they will wait to see if " something turns up." While the laity were protesting at Belfast, the clergy and such of the laity as were invited were protesting in Dublin. The Archbishop having called the diocesan conference, thought proper to announce that he had not the slightest intention of forming or facilitating the formation of a Church body to help Mr. Glad stone. Ile would not recognise anything as inevit able, nor would any of the other speakers. Com promise was not to bo spoken of amongst them. Perhaps after all it is better to go over a precipice with one's eyes shut. RECKLESS ADMINISTRATIVE ECONOMY. Under this heading a letter appears in the Pall Mall Gazette from " A. C. R.," Aldershot, complain ing of what certainly seems a most absurd arrange ment which has just been made by the War Office. The 2nd battalion of the Bth Regiment has to be transferred from Aldershot to Bury in Lancashire. Of course the most direct way is by rail. and the cost ramoYkl catizaated at Zia _I:$.10 were THE TRIU3IPII OF ENGINEERING. Stephenson's bridge over the Menai Straits and Brunel's bridge at Saltash still stand unrivalled as specimens of engineeringart. But a notable viaduct was opened for public traffic on Wednesday, constructed by the London and North-Western Railway Company, to shorten the distance between London and Liver pool. It has been erected by - Mr. Baker over the Mersey at Runcorn. The bridge—a wrought-iron open lattice girder—consists of three openings of 305 feet each, the height to the under edge of the girders at spring tide high water being 75 feet. Like Stephen sons's bridge, the piers are built upon the rock. The approaches to the Runcorn bridge are by two viaducts of brickwork, containing on the Lancashire side 05 arches, and on the Cheshire side 32 arches. These arches are built in blue Staffordshire bricks, and arc of 01 feet 6 inches, and .10 feet spans. The facings and piers of the bridge are of Bramley-fall stone. The distance from London to Liverpool by the new route is something over 200 miles; it is intended to travel it, without stoppage, in four hours and a quarter. FACT AND FICTION. Mr. Anthony Trollope writes to the Daily Tele graph denying that in his novel, " Phineas Finn," he intended by the burly demagogue, Mr. Turnbull, to depict Mr. Bright. " 1 intended," he says, " neither portrait nor caricature; and surely I have produced neither." PALESTINF. EXPI.O:‘ATIoy, A correspondent of the Times, writin g from Jerusalem, is very anxious that the t a s k of Palestine exploration should not be allowed to languish. There will never again, he thinks, be such a chance of successful discovery. The Turkish Government cannot be expected to view with favour excavations which lead down to the foundations of their own sacred stronghold, though they cannot withdraw from the permission accorded to the present explorers. What has already been discovered gives, it is thought, an imperfect measure of future results to be attained. The most important problems in Biblical traditions and story which are keenly disputed over head may be solved by the underground workers in a few months, and the whole scheme of the architecture may be revealed to us. The writer complains very much of the conduct of the Russian and Christian pilgrims who throng the streets of Jerusalem every Easter, and he appeals strongly to " wealthy, religious, and Protestant England" to sustain the Palestine Exploration Fund, in which no one can find room For just exception, derision, or animosity. FOREIGN NOTES. WE CONSPIRACY IN ITALY. Conspirators do not generally publish reports of their deliberations, and the conspiracy in Italy, like all such pro jects, is, therefore, involved in considerable doubt. But that a plot, with extensive ramifications, has been designed is certain. The Times Florence correspondent says that a rising was contemplated rather for the purpose of influ encing politics, by exciting alarm, than with any hope of success. But the authorities have kept on the alert, and the scheme has failed. In addition to the disturbances at Ancona—which , after all, were got up by the Republicans— there was much agitation at Naples. At Turin and Pavia the garrisons were kept under arms for two or three days. Menotti Garibaldi is said to have led the projected move ment in the Calabrias. His participation in an affair of the kind is rather in contradiction with his father's decla ration a few months ago, but it is possible that he acted independently and without the paternal sanction. The Romagna appears to have been the headquarters of the projected rebellion, and at Genoa it is said that the partisans of disorder and anarchy would have mus tered strong but for the vigilance of the authorities. The whole business, adds the writer, has caused much annoyance in a high quarter. The Libertg states that the elder Garibaldi has quite retired from the business of conspiracy. Mazzini is the statesman, Menotti Garibaldi the warrior, of the Republi cans. The latter has been fifteen days in the Calabrias. His design was not to march on Rome, but to get up a rising throughout Naples. As for Mazzini, he is working diplo matically with " incredible energy." The Liberte differs from the Times correspondent in expressing belief that the danger is only just commencing. " TIIE TRIPLE ALLIANCE." A deputation from Naples presented the King of Italy with a crown of gold on the anniversary of the battle of Novara, fought March 23, 1849. After thanking the deputation, the King remarked that Italy was on the eve of a grave crisis. Never had the need of earnest unity been greater. " Momentous events, from which will spring the accomplishment of our wishes and of the des tiny of our country, are at band." There seems to be no doubt that the King did make use of these significant words, and as a Republican conspiracy can hardly be looked upon as realising the destiny of the country, the Kine is supposed to allude to the " triple alliance." WANTED, A KING. A great change seems to have come over the prospects of the candidates for the Spanish throne. The Standard announces that Dom Fernando has reconsiderd his deci- sion, and now states that he would accept the crown, if elected by a fair majority. He will not refuse to the Constituent Cortes what he denied to the leaders of the insurrection. The Standard believes him to be the most eligible prince the Spaniards could choose. THE SPANISH CONSTITUTION. A curious mistake was - made - ------------- the sum• mary of the Spanish Constitution which reached England by telegraph. It was announced that the King was to reign for no more than eighteen years, whereas the actual proviso is that he shall attain his majority at the ago of 18. The new Spanish Parliament is to consist of a Senate elected for twelve years, and a Congress chosen for three. The latter body will be elected by universal suffrage ; the former by the municipal councillors, aided by a limited number of electors chosen by universal suffrage. Anybody who is 25 years of age may be a member of the Lower House. The Roman Catholic religion is to be the established faith of the State, but full freedom is to be given to all other forms. Free public instruction is provided, the press and public meetings will be free, but the latter are to de subject to police control. The Constitution is liberal enough, provided that its pro visions are accepted in good faith. It remains to be seen whether the Cortes will do this. THE STRIKE AT GENEVA. The Geneva strike is producing some serious conse• quences. The masons made a grand demonstration on Tuesday, the police interfered, and a fight ensued. Certain masons who continued work were violently assailed ; the police captured some of the offenders, and a rescue was attempted. The population is said to be on the side of the police, but the strike is formidably supported by the Inter national Society of 'Workmen, to whom, according to the Temps, it is entirely due. A CONSTITUTIONAL STRUGGLE. The American Senate and the House of Representatives have entered upon a contest for supremacy to which the history of our own Parliament affords several parallels. The Tenure of Office Act has just been the bone of con tention. This measure was fieely passed during the presi dency of Mr. Andrew Johnson, in order to subject that unpopular statesman more completely to the control of Congress. It provided that all the President's appointments to public offices should be con firmed by the Senate before becoming valid. But now that General Grant has been made President with the full confidence and support of the nation, it is thought that the Tenure of Office Act may be safely re pealed. The public offices are swarming with dis honest functionaries, and it is almost impossible for the President to bring about a reform if every change in the service has to be submitted to the Senate. But the Senate is unwilling to give up the power now that it has once fairly got it. On the other I hand, the House of Representatives at first insisted upon the repeal. The Senate has suggested an extraordinary compromise, by which the President may remove officers and appoint successors, but the rejection of the latter by the Senate will reinstate the former. The House of Representatives at first rejected this strange proposal, but we now learn that it has accepted it. The effect of the compromise is that the President's power is pratically as much circumscribed as ever. THE INSURRECTION IN CUBA. Senor Morales Lemus has arrived in New York, as an envoy from the Provisional Government set up in Cuba. He is commissioned to act as the "Ambassador" of Cuba after its independence has been recognised by the United States. This important ques tion will come before Congress soon. The Government seems to apprehend that the recognition will be made, for it is strengthening the American squadron in Cuban waters, and two ironclads have been sent off Florida to wait orders. The latest intelligence from Cuba announces some successes on the part of the insurgents. American supplies are still being poured into the island. The Price of Gold. The quotation of gold at Paris Is about at par, and the short exchange on London is 251.153. per £1 sterlin•„ Onoomparing these rates with the English Mint price of £3 tis, told. per ounce for standard sold, it appears that gold at the above price is abut 1•10 th per cent, dearer in Pais than in London. The course of exchange at New York on London for bills at f• 0 days' si - zht was on the last date about 1181 percent. At this rate there is no profit on the importation of gold from the Uni:cd Stated. THE UNITED STATES AND PAIILIA- MEN T. (From the Anglo-American Times) In the House of Commons it has become the fashion to turn for examples and illustrations to the United States, and it is now so common that the members throw America at each other's heads in every debate. From the construction of an anchor to Church Government, from soldiers' drill to mining laws, America is set forth as the guide. The who has travelled through the States assumes airs of superior knowledge which are offen- sive in their open display to the members, without this advantage. The Pall Mall Gazette has become quite petulant on the subject, and resents this con stant allusion to the great Republic. After all— the press follows society, and Parliament follows the tress ; therefore, the cause is in society, and not in Parliament, A few years ago, Englishmen understood as little, and therefore c fired as att.?, to hear about the United States as about Kamtchatka. Those who persisted in talking of _ _ the country bored their hearer 3 who knew little of it ; but now all this is changed ; no other nation s generally forms a subject for discussion in England, and the columns of the Fall Mall Gazette respond by the space given to America. What the public talk about and is written on by the press will be frequently alluded to in Parliament, so if the Pall Mall desires a change its remarks must be directed to English society. The effect on America is not less striking. As the world grants the first place to the Republic, Americans cease to assert it, and are more inclined to remain silent, in the proud consciousness it imparts. Most Eng lishmen are struck with the modesty with which Americans now speak of their country, and the total absence of highfaluten, and when Represents- tives in Congress indulge in an outburst o spreadeagelism, the House jeers, and the country laughs. The change is very extraordinary on being compared with Pogram's days, when men from the wild West mistook extravagance for eloquence, and drew bursts of applauie by their rhapsodies on the country, its flag, and its emblem. With power comes responsibility ; and when Congress feels that the eyes of nations are fixed upon it, and that its acts are discussed for information in every Legis lature, the consciousness will impart care, dili gence, and dignity. Most of the scenes which have tended to lower the House, have been enacted by men whose imagination did not carry them beyond the walls of their llall. For instance if the Repre sentatives had viewed the outrageous attack of Mr. Donnelley last year on Washburne as seen from Europe, instead of as seen from their seats in the Mr. Donnelley, instead of being encouraged, would have been quickly suppressed. There are many things great men do at home in private they would be very sorry to have suddenly exhibited to the gaze of the world ; in fact, things they would not do did they know this would be the result. Surely then, for the period members are engaged in solemn legislative duty, they can refrain either from joining in such squabbles or iu exciting others to do so. What we said would happen at the time of Mr. Donnelley's attack, has happened, for the scene has been embo lied in at least half a dozen books and magazines on this side, in illustra tion of Congressional proceedings. The constant allusion in foreign Legislatures to American insti tutions, will act on the dignity of Congress in the same way as the acknowledged position of the Re public has acted on its citizens. There is no aris tocracy whose position approaches in strength and security to that of England ; yet there is no class in England less assuming in manner than the lords. There is a quiet consciousness of their advantages, which may be felt by those with whom they asso ciate, but can scarcely be seen ; while, on the con trary, the pretenders, and those whose position is doubtful, are the greatest snobs, and the must offen sive people in the country. Now it is a change like this, in a small degree, which has taken place in Americans, and we venture to say that con sideration for the feelings, of others will become more marked as the nation passes out of the rank of first-class Powers to an acknowledged position on a pinnacle by itself. A vast portion of the bentirneut of America does not find a general ex nression in the press. Most newsplpers are cheap, and being published for the million, express opinions pleasing to the million. But a higher class of jour nal is steadily gaining strength,somewhatsitnilar,B nd which soon will correspond with the Saturday Review, the Spectator,and reviews of that class. Nothing em be fairer than the treatment of questions, for instance, in the Nation, and no paper could be more wholly free from a highfaluten style. We select it, be cause a correspondence about " the Alabama Claims," which lately appeared in its columns, shows the sentiments of its readers. One signing himself " America" wrote bitterly on the subject. His proposal, as another writer, " Integrity," puts it, amounted to this :—" Pay the sufferers by the depredations of the Alabama; wait till England is at war ; then let the citizens of the United States go into the privateering business on a large scale—the G over nment meanwhile winking at their occupation." " Integrity" condemns the proposal with a force and openness of argument we have not seen equalled in England, and in the same issue of the Nation appeared another letter which said things which English papers shrank from writing. Emphatically, they stigmatised it as not only immoral, but cowardly, yet, both these writers were deeply im pressed with the wilfully culpable wrong England had in that affair done to the United States. This is the tone so general among the best educated Americans, which does not find its full ex pression, and we doubt whether it has its equal for nobility of feeling anywhere else. It gives us, then, unfeigned pleasure to notice what has called forth the petulant remarks of the Pall Mall, for we be lieve that the action and re-action of the countries on each other will be productive of much good, teaching both to see questions from the other's point of view—of all things that most desirable to ,nculcate. The steamship De Soto, Captain Eaton, from Havana, which arrived at New York on the 12th, brought his Excellency Sir Don M. Lopez Roberts, the Spanish Minister, en route to Washington. The De Soto also brought from Key West one company of the sth United States Artillery, Brevet Major J. B. Rawles in command. Miss Nilsson has contradicted in all the papers that she is engaged for the coming season of the Italian Opera at Covent-garden, and it is still asserted id New York this lady will shortly visit that city, and Mr. Mapleson, with a good company, will be there in the autumn. _ _ _ _ _ A delegation of about 20 members of the Irish Republican Association of the United States, headed by Major Haggerty, of New York, called on the President on the afternoon of the filth inst. to tender their congratula tions, and pledge to the President of the United States the support of the Irish Republicans of America to his Ad ministration. There was no speech-making. It appears from the following letter that Mr. Masterman has retut ned to England. When last we heard of him he was at Washington, where a long correspon dence had been published from Admiral Davis on the sub ject of his treatment and that of Mr. Bliss on board the United states men-of-war: —"To the editor of the Standard. - -Sir,—My attention has been called to a letter in your journal of the 22d inst., in which "A Naval Engineer" re quests info . information concerning Robe r t F oster, w h o di e d , h o says, a prisoner Paraguay. I regret that I can give no certain information about him, for I tried in vain to obtain access to the English prisoners of war in Ascuncion, and could only learn, about si x mon th s a f ter the i r cap t ure , from some of their Italian companions in misfortune, that they were at first about 13 in number, but that then all, or nearly all, had di e d f rom diseases cause d b y s t ar vation and ill - treatment. Ono o f th em , Willi a m Miles, entered the Paraguay an serv i ce, and was amongst those who sou g ht asylumin the U n it e d St a t es Legation ; he was at liberty , but very ill, when 1 last saw him. I hope in a few clays to publish some account of my own almost miraculous escape from death and my rescue by hear-Admiral Davis, of the United States South Atlantic squadron.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, G. FRED. MASTERMAN, late Assistant- Surgeon, Paraguayan Military Service.— Wellesley-road, Croydon, S." LUXURIANT AND BEAUTIFUL HAIR.—MRS. S. A. ALLEN'S WORLD'S HAIR RESTORER OR DRESSING never fails to quickly restore Grey or Faded Hair to its youthful colour and beauty, and with the first application a beautiful gloss and de lightful fragrance is given to the Hair. It stops the Hair from falling o ff. It prevents baldness. It promotes lux uriant g r owth; itcauses the Hair to grow thick and strong. It removes all dandruff. It contains neither oil nor dye. In large Bottles Price Six Shillings. Sold by most Chemists 4114 Perfumers. Depot 266, High Holborn 7 HE EUROPEA. V AND NORIH AMARIC.AIV RAILWAY. To Europeans, one of the most interesting rail way developments in America is that by which Halifax will be connected with the railway system of the American continent. Those who desire speedily to reach the point to which their travel is directed between America and Europe, and those who desire to shorten to the utmost the sea voyage, will rejoice in the completion of a railway by which Halifax can be made the American port of arrival and departure. This is the work undertaken by . the European and North American Railway, by which St. John in New Brunswick is to be brought into direct communication with Bangor in Maine, whence any town in the United States on a line of rail or on a navigable river can be reached by steam. The road from St. Jolla westward is nearly completed to the boundary of the State of Maine, and will be open for traffic on the Ist July, together with the branch to Frederickton, the capital of New Brunswick. On the Maine side, to meet it from Bangor, 55 miles will be in working order on the Ist of June, and the remainder is under contract, and will be completed as rapidly as possible. Already the line extending eastward from St. John to Halifax has been constructed, with the exception of some 40 miles in Nova Scotia now being made. Between St. John and Shediac, on the Gulf of St. Lawrence, a distance of 108 miles, the road is finished, and from a place called Monck ton the Trunk line will branch to the Nova Scotian boundary 31 miles, thence to Truro 69 miles, and on to Halifax 61 more. The whole distance between Halifax and Bangor is 458 miles, and from Halifax to the City of New York 940, which, at the average rate of thirty miles, will make the time under 32 hours. The distance by sea is 700 miles, which takes 70 hours at ten knots, making a saving of nearly 40 hours in time and of 700 miles in sea voyage. For the mails, and for passengers hurried by business, the opening of this line is of much im portance. Whatever tends to shorten the time be tween San Francisco and Europe is of moment to England, for the mails from Eastern China, Japan, Au4tralii, and New Zealand, as well as the quick passenger traffic, must seek this route. Maine has always regarded her territory as that through which Europe would have to pass to reach the Pacific. At any rate, with all the bits of railway that State has built for years, this object has steadily been kept in view. The Government engineer of New Brunswick has just reported on that portion of the European and North American line within that Province. Mr. Boyd says, " The work is very thoroughly done, and both materials and workmanship are, in all cases, of the beat construction ; all benders of more _than forty feet span will have iron superstructures. The company are evincing every desire to build a first-class road." If their road be not first-class, considering the nature of the traffic, it will be worthless, for it must be constructed for a high rate of speed, being essentially a line for rapid transit. The company calculate on diverting half the first-class passengers from New York, and what ever tends to shorten materially the sea voyage will in that proportion increase the number of pas sengers, especially from Europe, and America will be better known when the sea passage is reduced one-fourth. We will watch the progress of this road with interest, as it is in the truest sense an Anglo-American line. Bank of England Returns. An Account, pursuant to t] cap. 32, for the week ending 1 Le Act 7th and Bth Victoria, iTednesday, March 31, 1869. ISSUE DEPARTMENT. Notes issued —.X31,473,820 Governmt. Debt £11,015,100 Other Securities 3,984,900 Gold Coin and Bullion Silver Bullion £31,473,820 £31,473,820 BANKING DePARTMENT. Proprietors' Capi tal £14,553,000 Rest Public Deposits (including Ex chequer, Sav ings' Banks, Commissionera of National Debt, and Div. Governmt. Secu rities(including Dead Weight Annuity) .... E. 11,999,053 Other Securities.. 20,130,810 Notes ' 7,862,296 Gold and Silver (Juju Accounts 7,891,042 Other Deposits 17,479,293 Seven Dafs and other Bills 478,491 Z 14,01,361 GEOR, £44 091,361 E FowlEs, Chief Cashier. Corioign Pacliet MAILS DUE. tustraiia and New Zealand, via eouthamptok...... April 19 Ditto, via J'Areeilles ....... April 1! ruin. Buenos Ayres, and Monte Video April 6. Ditto, by French packet Cape Verde, by Brazil packet Cape of Good 1.1.,pe. Ascension. and St. Helena.— April 27. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton April 10. Utbraltar, via Southampton India, via Southampton ...... April 5. vitto, via Marseilies Malta, Egypt, Sce. ......... •.. • April 3 Ditto, Marseilles... April Newfouudlavc ...... • ....... ....... April 7 Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via Bonthaml too Ditto, Marseilles April 7 Portugal .... United States,( anada, California, &0., by British packet Ditto, by Canadian paoket .... ...... • ...... •• • Ditto, by I, sited States packet April Ditto dittc (Baltimore) [ADvEnTissmENT.l—Holloway's Pills and Ointment. ---• The Wanderer. - For all complaints ordinarily affecting mankind, whether internal or external, nothing can cons' pare with those peerless remedies. Young and old, of both sexes, may use them with certain success and perfect safety; they are equally efficacious in hot or cold climates; no change of temperature or long keeping impairs their curative properties, which never deteriorate, and are there fore especially adapted for emigrants and officers, or gen tlemen whose pleasures or duties lead them to foreign countries and various climates. These remedies any mno can safely prescribe with the absolute certainty that iseP cannot do wrong; they purify, end purifying must be beneficial, not only for the cure of the present ailment, but security against future disease. [ADVERTISEMENT Consumption, and all bilious, neryoUg+ stomach,and liver complaints in every stage are only aggravated and accelerated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curable by Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Food , as proved by thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless; such as indigestion (dyspepsia), cough, asthma, cos sumption, habitual constipation, diarrhoea, all gastric derange ments, hemorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, nervousness , biliousness, fevers, sore throats, diphtheria, catarrhs, colds, ity fluenza, noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, gout, imPa . rities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness acidity, palpitation, heartburn, headache, debility, dropsY! cramps, spasms, nausea and sickness, even in pregnancy or al sea, sinking fits, bronchitis, scrofula, tightness of the chest• pains at the pit of the stomach, and between the shoulders, ?, We quote a few.—The Pope's health restored b y D u B ar ry " Food. Cure No 68,413.—" Rome, July 21, 1866. —The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning el/ other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barri . Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every meal. It has pro iuced a surprisingly benefici a effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise thls excellent food too highly." From the " Gazette du Midi:, July '25. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, timber fe_,' chant, of Friraley, Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lurig'" spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness ,- :, Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia.—No. 49,832. " years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousne g 4 asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness 0 4 vomiting.—MariaJoly." Important Caution. — Beware of the trtutYi unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which , with ? " authority, Baron Lieblg's name is most audaciously attached, , t In tins, at Is. lid.; 1 lb. 25. ' , d.; 2 lbs. 4s. 6d.; 51135.115.; 121?', L 22 1 5 r . E ; '4 POWDERI bs ,40 - is packed i n n R u a: c al' RSV cups at 3s. 6d., for 48 cups at 65., for 298 cups at ..0a for 576 c 4 ; AL fo lt r NT l2 A c A R p a B tIC2As oOrut at Ms.—being about one penny per cup. The 30e. and 555. in, are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post Of Order. BARRY DO BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-street. 10 -"" don; and all Grocers and Chemists. Births. CARTER—On the Ist inst., at 13, Canonbury-park, Do ra', Islington, the wife of Jeremiah Carter, Esq., of a eop• Lours—On the Ist inst„ at Sussex House, Alexandria - r ad N.W., the wife of Henry William Lord, Esq., barristol" at-law, of a son. Marriages. if Cullum—Wow) —At St. James's Church, Piccadilly, L 0 . 50 Riddell Currie, eldest son of Vice-Admiral Currie, d, Henrietta C. Theresa, daughter of the Rev. E. W roo vicar of Skelton, Yorkshire. MILLER—IIALLIDAv--On the 31st alt., at St. Peter's, ( 21; slow-gardens, George Taverner, eldest son of the I° ' t • Taverner J. Miller, Esq., M.P., to Fanny Emily, daub ter of Sir Frederick Halliday, K.C.B. Deaths. BRETH —ERTON On the 30th ult., Mrs. Bretherton, of TO iir hill, aged 93. 1+ RICE—On the 24th ult., at Cannes, France, the Hon. l-- Spring Rice. 1 1 °' SPALDING—On the 29th ult., at The Holme, New Oa of way, N. 8., John Eden Spalding, EFq., iu the 61st of his age. rto / ' London : Printed and P a bli e h e d by WLLLIA3I AND— i lf t of No. 112, Strand, Print(); at Tail SUN °BUN 10 4 / 1) Strand, in the Precinct :of the Savoy to the Cow' Middleaex.—Fr iday, Api il 2, 1869.