The Sun. — London, England, 1860-10-19 00:00:00

TI LE 717 I? IN ITALY. Itary officers here that a long and sanguinary struggle must ensue before we march into Capua. 4. A letter dated 1' laples, Oct. 5, says :—" Half a The English battalion, of which we have heard so much of late, and many of w h ose o ff icers h ave mile from St. An tela, on the road to Capua, which long since arrived, is still expec t e d at N ap l es . is flanked on b ( ith Wks by a thick wood, and again on the right I - )y the Volturno, a battery of two guns Mr. William llale, w h ose name i s we ll k nown (12. pounder ,) h a d b een constructe d on t h e n i g ht o f in England in co nnex i on w i t h t h e manu f acture o f Sept. 3A, I',y the 3d battalion of the brigade belong- rockets, arrived here a few days sv4e, and after having exhibit e d t o G enera l G ar ib a ldi a f ew speci ing to Brigadier Dunn, who had arrived with his • colunm from Messina two days previously. This mens which he h a d b roug ht ou t w ith hi m , rece i ve d was, therefore., the extreme outpost of Garibaldi's an order for 5,000. M r . H a l e un d er t a k es t o com mend the battery i n p erson , an d re t urn s to England army. The guns which had been brought up the mountain in. rear of St. Angelo opened fire on the to-day to bring out his materials immediately. Neapolitans, who replied vigorously with shot and Numbers of English travellers and amateurs visit shell, and the Zouaves of D unn's brigade, under Major daily our advanced posts, and clamber up to the Wyndhe.m, were then extended along the banks of top of the mountain which separates San Angelo the river to annoy the enemy's artillerymen, and from Chiazzo. Garibaldi's officers treat your again reinforced by another battalien from the countrymen with great urbanity, and seldom refuse same brigade. From the right and left of the bat- them a pass to the front. The Neapolitans, too, tery, on the road to Capua, the battalions protected salute them, and even ',their rifle balls and shell the front, and thus only left one in reserve at the seem friendly—falling innocuously around. battery. At half-past four o'clock the Neapolitans The Dictator has issued a decree for a special marched out and attacked the whole of the line, medal to be distributed to Brigadier-General Dunn's concentrating most of their s t reng th on S t. Angelo, brigade, for its distinguished services in the engage and attacking the outposts in force. For five hours ment of the Ist. General Dunn has sin.3e his land- Dunn and his b r i ga d e res i ste d the i r continued ing in Sicily merited the thanks of the Italians efforts, sending in vai n f or suppor t w hi c h was not a nd the friendship of Garibaldi, by whom he is at hand, retiring f rom t ree t o t ree, an d aga i n c h arg - es teemed as one of his most val ua bl e o ff icers . The ing forward with the bay o n e t, now an d th en the t o tal loss of his brigade on th e I s t i ns t. cons i s t e d of guns from the battery plo ug hi ng th roug h th e enemy 807 men killed and woun d e d , o f w h om 32 were as they endeavoured to concentrate. About 11 officers. Dunn himself received a ball in the thigh, o'clock the battle was most sanguinary, continued but is progressing f avoura bl y enoug h t o be able to resume his post withi n a f ew d a y s . Col. Wyndham fresh troops from Capua poured down shot , shell , and grape, and heavy platoon firing had covered has in his absenc e assume d the command of the the ground with dead and wounded. Dunn's aide- brigade. de-camp was killed, three majors wounded, and then I regret to have to state that a person calling the major of the Ist battalion fell dead. The colo_ himself an Englishman, and who has been con nel of artillery was shot through the head, the netted with certain subscriptions sent from Scot enemy having filled the wood with their Swiss land, has been arrested here by Garibaldi's orders rifles, picking off the officers on all sides: Dunn on a charge of embezzlement. was then forming up hi% men to retire into the bat tery, when a shot struck him in the side and he fell. The enemy now attacked on all sides, and rushed into the battery, shot and killed all there, l and burnt the wounded. The chaplain, administer ing the last sacrament to a dying man, had his eyes cut out and was then stabbed. Dunn had been luckily carried away by his men to the rear. At this moment Garibaldi arrived with fresh troops, and the battery was again retaken. It was a (.;omplete victory all along the line, and the enemy retired with great loss. Dunn's little brigade alone lost 900 killed and wounded, with 32 officers. I send you this as I was at St. Angelo, and you will doubtless have other particulars of the other part of the fight. (From the special Correspondent of the Times.) SANTA MARIA, OCT. 8. I have no stirring military events for you ; every thing has been as quiet as possible under the circum stances—that is, with two armies one in front of the other at musket shot range. We have batteries at St. Angelo, and they have batteries on the oppo site aide of the river. They have their outposts along the river, and so have we. Thus occasional musket and cannon shot are difficult to avoid, espe cially as there is a decided tendency on both sides to waste ammunition. Another letter written from the outposts of the Italian army, dated San Angelo di Capua, Oct. 13, says :—The concentration of Garibaldi's troops around Capua has assumed within the past week a more decided aspect. The division commanded by General Bixio, which up to the affair of the Ist had been quartered at Caserta and Maddaloni, has marched up to Santa Maria, partly to replace Gen. Eber's brigade, which had been ordered to sur round Ponticello, and partly to strengthen our posi tion at Santa Maria. Gen. Medici has taken up quarters in a farmhouse near to the village of San Angelo, where Col.:Spangaro has been in command of the extreme outpost in an east ward direction during the past month. Two batteries, composed of two 32-pounders each, are placed on the crest of the mountain separating San Angelo from the Royalists. On the right bank of the Volturno the latter have a battery well mounted with about 10 guns, while on a hillock about a quarter of a mile distant from the river a farmhouse has been turned into a re• doubt, mounted with six guns well manned, Both these batteries command San Angelo, and were it not for the rising ground which intervenes they no dou'ot would effect considerable damage among the va.st number of men bivouacking around the base of the hill. The Bavarians, however, have proved themselves good marksmen, all their firing in the battles of the 19th September and of the Ist inst. having been made with great accuracy. From the batteries I have just mentioned as being situated on the right bank of the Volturno, about two miles eastward of Capua, they have already obtained a pretty accurate range of the village beneath, and while I write shot and shell are whizzing around with a precision that does honour to their artillery. Every day from sunrise within the past week we have had a constant salute, and I am happy to say with a loss comparatively small on our side. On the morning of the Bth, about daybreak, we were sud denly awoke by a crash through the wall of the house where we were sleeping. Col. Bourdon, who is in command of a battery, jumped up and was for tunate enough to escape unscathed. The shell burst, how.ever, after it had penetrated through the wall and killed a French officer, who was still aselep, and wounded severely two others. On our side the injury did not long remain unrequited, the sentinels on our advanced posts opening fire on the enemy's lines in the direction of Ponticello. The royalists, who had made trenches during' he preceding night, whither they had carried down four pieces of cannon, re. plied briskly, when General Milwitz sent down two battalions, under the command of Major Folliero, who gallantly attacked the enemy, and after about an hour's resistance dispersed them, capturing their four pieces of artillery, and making a good number of prisoners. Four days ago Garibaldi had decided to make a movement across the river with our right flank, and, indeed, all was prepared for such a move, which was to be made by the forces of General Bixio, but the equinoctial gale the next morning put an end to it, and it has not been renewed since. The day before yesterday a Neapolitan colonel, and soon after him two majors and a captain, made their appearance at the outposts. They had been dismissed from the service, according to their own account, because they had behaved humanely to wards our prisoners and wounded, but probably in reality because they had not quite behaved in the fight of the Ist as they ought to have done. Ac cording to their account the confusion and demo ralization on the other side are very great, and much dissatisfaction reigns both among officers and men. Of the former they said 36 had given in their resignation in one day, while the latter had shaken off all bonds of discipline. All seem to be kept in the darkest ignorance about what is pass ing around them, and the greatest part of the army is still labouring under the impression that Lamo riciere is coming with his Austrian mercenaries to take the command of the united armies, while the Austrians are to disembark and co-operate from Naples. They would scarcely believe it when they were told that all was over with Lamoriciere, and that the Piednaontese troops had crossed the fron tier in the north. The officers were sent up to Naples under an escort, as had been done with those who came before. For several days negotiations have been going on with'General Salzano, our friend from Palermo, for the exchange of prisoners. It was, above all, Major Catabene who was taken at Cajazzo, who was the object of these negociations. Our firstpar lementaire was not received, instructions being wanting in this respect; but next day another was sent, and the Neapolitans expressed their readiness to exchange him; they at the same time asked that the water conduit which had been cut at St. Angelo, and which is the only one supplying Capua with good water, should be restored. As they have the river all around Capua, which cannot be turned off, they can never be without water, so it was only aggravating the position of the sick and wounded to withhold the better water, and orders were given to the engineer of the waterworks at Santa Maria to see the thing repaired. Yesterday the exchange of Major Catabene took place against one of the lieutenant-colonels taken the other day at Caserta. His name is Nicoleni. Catabene, who is wounded in the arm and on the leg, but is going on well, came in a carriage, accom panied by two Neapolitan officers, to our outposts at Santa Maria. While the letter of Gen. Salzano was brought in, and the other necessary formalities gone through, our officers at the outposts gave to the escort of Catabene the latest news to take back to Capua, where it will not fail to produce the de sired impression. Indeed, from what Major Cata bene says, there is a light dawning upon the Nea politan army, owing above all to the Ist of October. When the troops were beaten back they retutned, clamouring that they had been deceived, and there was a considerable irritation against Gen. Salza no, who had remained in the fortress all day long without showing before his soldiers. According to the Major's account the wounded officers are treated well, but the treatment of the men leaves much to be desired. This is probably owing to the great number of their wounded whom the Neapolitans have, amounting to more than 1,000. It was likewise through Major Catabene that we had the first news of Count Arrivabene, the corre spondent of several English and French papers, about whose fate his friends were in great anxiety, He had been last seen going out from St. Angelo; according to others, from Santa Maria, and had no more been heard of. As he was in plain clothes, he would have been found among those left on the battle-field. The supposition therefore was that he had been taken prisoner—a supposition which has turned out true. He is slightly wounded in the leg. The thing has been reported to Garibaldi, who, no doubt, will make the necessary dispositions to have Um exchanged against some one of the many officers we have. The organisation of the army is still very defec tive, and notwithstanding the unflagging exertions of the Dictator it is daily becoming more and more apparent that the Piedmontese troops must step in and give a helping hand with the siege of Capua. Disease and fever have already produced a disas trous effect upon many brave fellows, who after the campaign in Sicily and that long and tiresome march through Calabria might have expected she:- ter from the inclemency of the season. Few of those who are compelled to bivouac in that vast -plain which separates Santa Maria from Capua are provided with tents, and now that winter has already set in with an unusual severity the number of patients in the hospitals must, it is to be feared, greatly increase. What a contrast they present with the hale, ruddy faces of a regiment of Pied raontese Bersaglieri, who have come down to en camp at Caserta. The Sardinians are well provided with canvass, have an excellent commissariat, and, above all; are an admirably disciplined and fresh b°4 3' of troops, more capable of enduring the rigidity of the season than the heroes of the Sici lian ca 'utuaign. Orders have been given for about 5,000 s udi mans, who have arrived in Naples Rhin the and while i Pttlt few days, to join.lts in the front, mite each successive train b r i ngs u p its continge nt . The Dictator continues to visit daily our out posts, accompa n i ed b y General Medici and Gener a l Cosenz, who, in the ab sence of General Turr, who has been appointed Gove rnor-General of Naples, is probably on the point of resn:ing the command o f a division. Cosenz, as 7 , 3 , e w aware, is Minister of War, but within the past eeic Garibaldi has seldom been down our lines without him ; and as your Naples correspondent will n you, the Dictator is anxious to name doubt inform General Turr, whose health continues to be inadequate to out post work, to that ministry. A rumour prevail throughout the camp that Victor Emraane e ih a - d -- after stopping a few hours at Grottamare, advaleed, in the direction of the frontiers, and that after his entry into Naples on the 23d he will assume the command of the entire army before Capua, in In spite of the general discouragement which all those who come from the other side admit, there is still a rumour of another attack which the Neapoli tans are said to meditate against our line. At first it was to have been to-day, now it is again predicted for to-morrow. In the meantime these rumours do not disturb Garibaldi in his plans for crossing the river in force. The batteries at St. Angelo are being placed, and the means for passing arc ready and may be adopted any night he chooses to think fit. But really every drop of blood which may flow henceforth in this straggle is almost a crime, for it is a hopeless cause that of the Neapolitans. A few days more and the - Piedmontese army will be here. There is offi.;:tal news of the avante garde having crossed the frontier ; but even before this arrives a P iedraontese division is expected by sea from An cona, and the genera l i mpress i on i s t h at Ki ng Vic tor Emmanuel will be with it. You know that by an order of the day of 'the 4th he has placed him self at the head of his army. The deputations of the northe rn prov i nces have gone to meet him at Ancona, inviting him to come. Another deputation, composed of representatives of Naples and of the more southern provinces, has likewise started. They asked for Garibaldi's consent, which was given readily. At Naples the preparations for the King's reception are made for Thursday, while i the Pied ; montese divi s i on , w hi ch is be to D rought by the fleet, under th e command of Persano, is to a rr i ve the day before. g person. I believe also there is no great probability of any regular attack on our part immediately, the Dic tator being still unwilling or unable, from a want of proper artillery, to cope with the well -mounted bastions of the enemy. Otir two best, and I might say only batteries, are those of San Angelo, one of which is commanded by a brave countryman of yours, Colonel Dowling, and in truth these batte ries serve to cut off a retreat from Capua or Chiazzo rather than to dislodge the enemy. To demolish Vauban's fortifications in the Castel Nuovo will rtqnire not merely the d as h an d i n t rep idity of _ u i baldi's followers, but the military genius of a well - trai ned corps of engineers. This fact the 146 Ve well aware of, and though it is said that they at e offers of • co mpletely disheartened, and that capitulatio n are being made to the Dic tator, no doubt i s . e n tertained by the various mill- This morning Garibaldi reviewed at - Caserta Division Bixio, which, as you will remembe r , k ept the positions of Maddaloni on the Ist of Octob er , and drove back the columns which the enemy had brought over against that point. In spite of the general success of the action, there were several cases there, as on some other points of the battle- THE SUN, LONDON FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 19, IMO. field, of officers not doing their duty. Several of ,hese were called out, and Garibaldi, in the pre- sence of the troops, had their swords taken away, their distinctive marks stripped off, and had them gnominiously expelled from the corps, declaring them to be unworthy of being Italians, and telling them that their only mode of redeeming their past behaviour was to enter as privates and do their duty. Every one hopes that this measure of rigour will be extended to the whole army, which, among ex cellent officers who would be an honour to any army, contains likewise black sheep. No wonder ; in the hurry in which the army was got together, it was impossible to sift the claims of those who presented themselves; besides, there were so many intrusted to organise battalions and brigades that the responsibility must remain with those who proposed men unfit fsr their posts. The army being continually in movement, there was no possibility to sift it; but, now that the time is not distant when it is to be amalgamated with the Piedmon• tese forces, the thing becomes absolutely necessary and the battle of the Ist offered a good opportunity EVENING. Garibaldi, after having passed in review General Bixio's troops, came on to Santa Maria, and thence to his usual post at St. Angelo. He arrived there about noon, and at 2 p.m. the Neapolitans made a reconnaissance with a few battalions towards the road of St. Angelo, and to the left of it towards the river where our outposts stand. The object was evidently to see and not to act, for they withdrew as soon as ours advanced. Towards half-past three they came on again, helping on their advance by the fire of the fortress, which can throw its shells at a tolerable distance in that direction. A column of ours was sent down to support our outposts, while at the same time another advanced from Santa Maria to take them in the flank. The fire was kept up till nightfall, and the Neapolitans withdrew. The Neapolitans are perfectly aware that prepa rations are going on at St. Angelo to force the pas sage of the river, that powerful batteries are being thrown up, and that as soon as they are ready there will be an advance. It is natural that this should cause uneasiness—nay, it may drive them even to make an attempt to destroy these works. Among our troops the impression that we shall hear of something to-morrow is very strong. OCTOBER 9, MORNING. The night passed very quietly; indeed, more so than our nights usually do, and there is no sign of any hostile intention on either side. SANTA MARIA, OCT. 11. On the Bth an armistice was concluded for the next day. The object of it was the burial of the dead who fell within the range of the guns of the fortress, and could not be buried on account of the fire of the artillery of Capua, which sweeps the. river banks and the edge of the wood. When those who fell towards St. Angelo and Santa Maria were buried, an attempt was made to bury those now in front, but as soon as a burying party showed the guns opened, and it was impossible to retain the country folks who were intrusted with this work. The consequence was a frightful atmosphere towards the outposts before St. Angelo. During the late negotiations about the exchange of prisoners the Neapolitans asked for the restoration of the water works which provide Capua with potable water. In return a truce of 24 hours was agreed upon, during which time the fortress was to be silent. But the armistice extended merely to the fortress, General Salzano declaring that he had no power over the commander of the troops outside. The result was a constant cannonade between our batteries at St. Angelo and those of the enemy on the opposite shore of the river. On the very morning of the armistice Col. Bor done, who is directing the works against the oppo site shore, had a narrow escape. He had returned late from the works to a little house not far distant from them, where he had taken up his quarters with two of his officers. Towards half-past 4 a.m. two shells were sent, one close after the other, right into the house, smashing everything about the place, and rolling under the bed where the two offi cers were reposing, burst there, throwing them up in the air, and wounding one on the head and the other on the leg, bet without hurting Col. Bordone, who was only oo'rered with dust and fragments of grass and rubbish. I mention this because it is ex traordinary; otherwise the fire of the batteries from the other side has done very little harm. Since the armistice ended, yesterday at noon, things have been more quiet than while it lasted. The fortress is quite silent, and sends only at long intervals a shot or two against our batteries. • Otherwise, the Neapolitans keep on the strictest defensive. They have only a few small posts outside Capua, and even these are withdrawn at night into the immediate neighbourhood of the fortress. And, indeed, from what we hear, this plan seems to put Capua into a complete state of defence, so as to be able to hold out for some time, even if the army in the field had to fall back toward Gaeta. All the in habitants have been ordered to provide themselves with provisions for two months, and those who are unable to do so have got orders to leave the town. People of this place who have communications with Caput), state that the fortress, as well as the Neapolitan army, expects but 'the arrival of the Piedmontese to surrender. This on dit is by no means improbable. The officers want to secure their position, and were they sure that Garibaldi's reign was to last, they would probably have already aban doned the falling cause they are defending now. The Piedmontese army represents an established government and the natural successor of Garibaldi's interregnum. Since the battle of the Ist there are but few in the Neapolitan army who indulge in any illusions about a possible success, nor can it be other wise; many of the officers are supposed to be luke warm, and the defeat of the Ist is attributed to this circumstance. An order of the day of Francis 11. is reported, which attributes this ill success to the treachery of the officers, and enjoins the soldiers to watch over their conduct. If true, the King of Gaeta and Capua does more to loosen the discipline of his army than his adversaries could do. These are the news which come to us from Capua. At Gaeta, on the contrary, every one seems in high spirits. A gentleman, who spoke yesterday with one of the members of the Spanish Legation, returned the day before from Gaeta, says that the latter seemed quite confident of the speedy return of the old Go vernment at Naples. The curious thing was that he seemed to know nothing about the movements of the Piedmontese—that the first brigade of them had already landed at Naples, and that another was soon expected, that the avante-garde of one corps had landed at Giulia Nuova, and that another was expected to land at Manfredonia, and make its way towards Beaevento. Thus, before long, the Neapolitans will be shut in on all sides from land and sea, and may have before them the fate of Lamoriciere's army. hitherto, of all the thousands of the Neapolitan army who surrendered or capitulated only very f ew remained to swell our ranks, most of whom went home to resume their pacific pursuits. Thus all that army, so laboriously formed, threatened to disappear without leaving any advan tage to Italy, and yet it contained excellent mate rials, which required only a different organisation to do good service. N . or is there any disinclination in this respect, as may be seen from the eircurn• stance that most of those who were taken prisoners at Caserta have consented to serve, and were sent off to Genoa to be reorganised. In all future ope rations against the Neapolitans, the object is rather to preserve the military elements than to destroy them ; and this object will account for Garibaldi's inactivity. With his well known unselfishness, of which late events have given so great a proof, .he foregoes all the glory which might be earned by finishing before the Piedmontese come up, in order to gain with their co-operation so much greater advantage Mr Italy. OCTOP,EIt 13. A complete standstill in the operations. Garibaldi gone to Naples for some days to superintend politics. It is stated that a special meeting of the Regent's Canal Company is about to be called to consider the expedi ency of applying to Parliament in the ensuing session for powers to make a railwa along the line of the canal from the Maslen -lane to Limehouse, to be worked in conjunction with ITALIAN UNITY. (From the Mites.) The dead set which the French clergy an ; making on the Emperor, joined to the stron g pressure of Austria and Russia, through th e i r Mi n i s t ers a t Paris, might perhaps make a l ess reso l ute man an d less deep calculator waver i n th e present cause o f Italian unity. We cannot imagine that much can come even of such combined pressure in the present ca se. As for the foaming torrent of invective which is being discharged from the mouth of the French Episcopate, he can hardly think it worth more attention than the flattery from the same mouth a little time ago. These fawning adulators, who have but just risen from licking the dust before him, have well earned an extremity of con tempt. These caitiffs, who made themselves the scorn of Europe, should for mere shame slink hack into their holes when their idol disappoints them and refuses to be their puppet. Are these men in a position to give advice ? They committed them selves, body and soul, to the " elected of the 6th of December" upon his first start; they worshipped him as a God; he was to think for tnem, will for them, act for them. Well, that is just what he is now doing. What have they to complain of ? Do they think they have mistaken their man ? If they have, it is too late to correct the mistake now ; and if they do not know this there is somebody else who does. But, what is their advice when they give it? Is there anything in it that could move for a moment a man of sense ? It is made up of the stalest assumptions, the refuse and dregs of the old religious-political argument, worn out cries and cut and dried platitudes, of which the history of three centuries has proved the absolute falsehood. " It is true," says the Bishop of Poictiers, " the Pope has more than St. Peter ever had, but it is required for the spiritual chief of the whole world, the guide of 200,000,000 of consciences." But is not the direction of 200,000,000 of consciences quite work enough for any man, without the addition of a whole temporal kingdom to look after ? The Bishop of Poictiers does not see this. It does not occur to him to ask himself the question, " Why does the guide of 200,000,000 of consciences want this temporal appendage ?" He assumes it ; he asserts it—it does not need a reason ;it is too self evident to him for that; it is an axiom, a fact, a truism, a law of nature ; it is written in the sky that the Pope must be a king. He can no more argue about .it than any necessary assumption in matters of reason or practice. Why do we want to breathe; why do we want to eat, or drink, or sleep ? Why do we assume our own existence or anything else ? Because we find we must do so, and in the same way the Bishop of Poictiers assumes the necessity of a King-Pope. There must be a King-Pope—nothing can go on without a King-Pope—religion will drop without a King- Pope. But this is not reason, it is impression it is mere habit, it is one of those i rra ti ona l, artificial instincts, which grow out of the simple continu ance of a particular state of things; one of those manufactured first principles which are of the of the essence of delusion ; the fiction of brains are too weak to untie any present combina tions, and separate principle from any existing state of fact. The reason of Europe has been long undermining the status quo of the Papacy, and if it can appeal to nothing in its defence but a mere shadow of itself, or the assumed necessity of its own existence, which is the mere reflection of the past in the minds of its followers, and only shows the force of custom in the world of ideas, the shadow of reason must yield to the substance. There is no one who sees more clearly than the French Em peror the growing evidence, on which Cavour rests so much, to the fact that the influence of religion is not connected with this or that secular shape of thing, and that it is a mere sham and imposture upon such a ground to sound the alarmist cry that religion is in danger. The Russian and Austrian screw may possibly work a little deeper than the clerical one, but the arguments of these Courts will not gain much, at any rate, from the general position and intrinsic credit of the advisers. Their fundamental relations to the, new Freneh dynasty are not such as to im part a very genuine character to any suggestions they may offer for the benefit of French policy. Napoleon 111. has, from the very nature and basis of his throne, one absorbing and engrossing inte rest, and that is the success of his own dynasty. His first thought on his ascent was a spouse of the Royal blood of Europe, for Royal alliances are the natural prop of a European throne. But he could not get one, because certain Courts were resolved to look on him as an adventurer. Two Courts, how ever, have given him the treatment of a Royal King, and given him solid help and support as the founder of a dynasty; and those are the Erglish and Sar dinian; the one gave him a Royal reception which would have suited the descendant of a hundred Kings; the other gave his family a Royal Princess. And we may add—without going into the casuistry of the original commencement of the Italian under taking—that, now that the co.ubo of Italian unity is fairly afloat, Napoleon's liberal Italian. policy liqf, cemented and confirmed English approbation of all the acts of the French Emperor connected with this movement; bit it is not too much to say that the patronage of the cause of Italian unity has given French despotism a much more favourable light to stand in before the English public than it would otherwise have had ; and this applies, we need not say, in a much stronger degree to Sardinia. It is certainly a question, then, whether Napoleon HI. could possibly gain much by receding at this time of day, when the stream of events has been allowed to flow so far, from the cause of Sardinia and Italian unity at the suggestion of two Courts who naturally support dynastic interests wholly opposite to his own, It may very likely be the case that the cause of Italian unity has outstripped his original de sign, gone faster than he wanted, and taken a shape which he had never intended for it. His ideawas that of a confederacy which would have raised no new Power in Europe, have given ample opportunity for French interference, and possibly issued only in an exchange of French influence for Austrian in Italy. That idea has been obliged to vanish before facts, and the form which Italian unity is now as suming is that of one compact kingdom in powerful administrative hands. This is a different thing al together, and the dream of a French possession of Italy is over. Still Sardinia is his ally, his rela tion; he wants royal connexions; it is his interest to support them and make the most of them when he has got them. A great Italian monarchy in al liance and affinity with the Napoleonic dynasty would be a gain in this light, even if it left less roo.n for the control of France as an empire over Italian politics. The French Emperor is too saga cious to be angry with a movement because it has not quite answered his expectations ; he knows the uncertainty of human events as well as any one, and the wisdom of meeting them half-way, and ex tracting all the advantage which can be extracted from them, it' more cannot be. With all drawbacks his interest even now lies in the cause of Italian unity; it will give him, at any rate, one great European Royal alliance ; whereas to recede from it, now that it has made such way, would be to lose one alliance and possibly not get another in its place, to embitter Sardinia, to disgust England, and to abandon that whole ground which strengthened his throne in the feelings of the liberal nations of Europe. (From the Daily News.) It was the startling reflection of an ancient ver ger in one of our cathedrals to an occasional wor shipper, who had remarked a sort of suspended animation in the performance of the service, and a sleepiness in the preaching of a minor Canon, " Sir, I have been five and twenty years•verger of this church, and, thank Heaven ! I am not an atheist yet." We cannot help fancying that some such sensation of pleased surprise must have flitted of late across the brain, if not the heart, of many an honest and enlightened believer iu the superhuman prerogatives and pretensions of the Holy Father, whose advisers and apostles have been running a muck of commination at almost all the Powers in heaven and earth, from Providence in default to Victor Emmanuel in possession. Let us only conceive a sincere disciple of the Roman Church, who should be neither an Irish repealer, nor an English convert, nor a French royalist, nor a Roman nobleman, nor a Spanish crusader. Let us suppose this simple-minded creature to have lived so far out of the way of realities as to imagine that the Vicar of Christ is a paragon of meekness, patience, and unworldliness, and his authority purely moral and unsecular. Conceive this ingenu ous specimen of the Faithful suddenly transported to Antonelli's ante-chambers in the Vatican, or even to a church in which the gentle Callen is pouring forth a flood of prayer and praise, in a style which resembles nothing in the whole range of human language so much as the choicest Billingsgate ren dered into dog-Latin and back again. Or let our idei! Catholic take up a pastoral of that polite acadmili c in the Bishop of Orleans, or the portfolio of General „, _T.amoriciere, or any recent number of and study any , one of their the Journal latest developments o; ° J . 11)"ze, ..faith and dofctrhmed. by lnot his soul be strengthened refreshed Our these in comfortable words of peace and L— - -n with awe genuous friend can scarcely . fail to pr.., ^f all upon this inspiring procession, so to speak, the gracei, all the virtues, all the humilities, all the abnegations of the Christian life in its highest I earthly expression. Fortunately however, for heretical journalists, they need not place themselves at an ideal point of view when temporal powers are in question. We are free to confess that we continue to derive edification and instruction from all that is passing before our eyes at Rome, in France, and in Ireland. We remark, for example, the small account that the friends of his Holiness appear to make of merely spiritual authority when Pinvinces and revenues are slipping away. We observe with pl easi i - j - ,3 that the entire collection of Peter's pence from all the Faitu' up to the latest dates, attains the et:lab:tots total of two Lnndred and fifty thou sand pounds. We tote with ;ni,..4-yest the truly Catholic subscription for a tritthiphai wort: to the Commander-in-chief of the Papal army, *rho has just returned to Rome to take leave of the Pope. A scabbard without the sword would perhaps be a more appropriate testimonial for the moment; but there is something felicitously Irish in the sword. For it is to the Irish crusaders that the neatest corn- pliments were paid by the Algerian general in his despatches. He can hardly find enough marching and drill for these unquiet Celts, and wherever they are sent it is noticeable that these champions of law and order are always " under escort." It turns out that all these mercenaries of the Faith were but counters in a grand game which was to have been played by Lamoriciere on behalf of Francis the Second', the Duke of Modena, and the Emperor of Austria, against the French Emperor and his Sardinian ally. The result of this grand ecclesiastical and legiti mist conspiracy is agreeably calculated to open the French Emperor's eyes, and to enable him to make election between his early friends and his implaca ble enemies. . If history contained no warning ap posite enough, passing events might teach him that ecclesiastical enmity is not to be bought off by flatteries or favours, short of unconditional submis- sion and entire complicity. French troops .may repossess and guard the patrimony of St. Peter, but Papal and priestly gratitude will call French troops gaolers rather than protectors. There is one su preme humiliation, however, for which his Holiness is grateful ; the offered aid of the Spanish Queen. The religious zeal of Isabella's solders is beyond suspicion. But it is not a calumny to suppose that the Holy Father is in need of any intervention, so far at least as the patrimony of St. Peter is con cerned ? The Journal of Rome assures us that the populations of the towns and villages, restored to the dominion of the Church by the French on the voluntary retirement of the Piedmonteso, welcome back the Papal authorities " .with en thusiasm." One is disposed to regret that this timely enthusiasm should have been compelled to display itself under the doubtful auspices of French bayonets. At Viterbo the en thusiasm of the population displayed • itself in a singular manner. As soon as the return of the Pontifical gendarmes was announced the population sent to the French General to say that it would burn the town rather than receive them. It was only on the intimation that French soldiers would at all events precede the Pontifical authoyities that the inhabitants consented to leave their town stand ing; for as to themselves, they migrated across the frontier with all convenient speed. It is thus that, under cover of a new French army of occupation, the Papal Government is in a condition to treat with contempt the counsels of the French Emperor, and its agents every where to conspire against him. Napoleon 111. may affect to despise this impotent malignity, but the time must, sooner or later, ar rive when he can no longer decently or safely main tain an army of occupation at Rome in the centre of a freed and flourishing Italy. It is equally cer tain that no other foreign troops will take the place of the French. There remains one of two conse quences ; either the 'Pope as a temporal ruler will go, or as a Bishop only, and Supreme Head of the Catholic Church, he will remain. Were we Catholics, and anxious that the crying scandal of the Church should cease, we should humbly beg the successor of St. Peter to put up the sword in the sheath, since he cannot cut off the ear of Europe. PUBLIC HONOURS TO COLOURED PEOPLE. (From the New York Independent.) The coloured people are now in high honour in New York. The prejudice against a dark complexion seems to be vanishing away. The city authorities, and the citizens themselves, have just been lavish ing profuse attentions upon a few dozen new comers with dusky skins. The newspapers, for several days past, have been pre-announcing their movements; the largest of the hotels has been•engaged expressly for their accommodation ; the fleetest of North River steamboats was' chartered to steam them up the bay to the Battery ; the flags of the shipping were hoisted in honour of their arrival; the store-windows of the finest marble fronts on Broadway were crowded with badges and banners, printed in large letters, bidding them welcome; the military were drawn up in procession, 7,000 etrong, to add to the scene the honours of the national stripes and stars ; the streets were crowded with half the inhabitants of the city, to swell with the popular voice the general chbrus of the day ; and all this bustle and excitement, all this gathering of a great multitude in holiday attire, all this beating of drazno, and playing of Moe, and wavin3 of pocket handkerchiefs, performed simply and solely in honour of a few carriage loads of coloured people, newly arrived from their warm country across the sea, their faces tinged with a very unpopular blackish brown ! The coloured people sat in their carriages, and politely bowed to the whites who gathered around them on every side. They gave evident tokens by repeated, smiles, and by graceful gestures of the hand, that they were immensely pleased with their honourable reception. After this, who will ever again accuse the coloured people of ingratitude ? They appeared to be in very good condition, with out fault or flaw; or, as they say in Richmond, " warranted sound and healthy—right and title good." We should think—though not claiming to be the best judge of such articles—that Simmi Boojsen-no-Kami, first ambassador, being now a little old and careworn, and probably having seen his best days, might not bring into the market more than 800 dole. Mooragaki Awajsi-no•l(ami, who is slightly injured in personal appearance by heavy lips and protruding front teeth, might be knocked down at the same price. Moorata Okatoroh, who, it is said, has learned to read Eng lish, might on that account be considered a little dangerous to our peculiar institutions, and would hardly be a desirable article of purchase. But "Tommy," who is a general favourite, would un doubtedly command a high cash price, because of the extreme liveliness of his disposition, and his remarkable ability to amuse. These coloured people, however, notwithstanding the general activity of the coloured people's market, have not yet been offered for sale at any price. In fact, they have some very unmarketable had habits; the most striking of which is a claim to natural and , social equality with the rest of mankind. Thus, although coloured people, they not only made a visit to Washington, but, to the great discredit of our institutions, actually succeeded in getting into the best circle of society. there ! Although only coloured people, they nevertheless were invited into the White House by the white man who lives in it, and the white, pretty young woman who sits at the head of the table. 'I he Old Public Functionary, who writes himself as the Grey-haired, made a pro found bow to these coloured people, whO, in bowing in return, as was plainly noticed, showed themselves like that well-known coloured person, Uncle Ned— " Without any wool 'on the top of his head." The coloured people then proceeded to Baltimore, and although they had no free papers to show, and, so far as we are informed, no vouchers according to law, were permitted to pass through the city after. only a brief detention on the part of the authorities. On Sunday afternoon they arrived in this city, and although their eoming created great excitement, we have not learned that Capt. Rynders, or his deputy marshals, made any attempts at arrest. On the contrary, the chief magistrate, Mayor Wood, who stood so very high upon his dignity during his recent visit to the coloured people at Charleston, kindly condescended to give a cordial greeting to these coloured people on their visit to him at the City Hall. The Mayor's brother, too, sent to the coloured people a handsome bouquet ; though this instance has not made so striking an impression as the other, inasmuch as he is himself one of the coloured people, of the tribe of Wood's Minstrels. Gov. Morgan, from whom we had a right to expect great kindness to all coloured people, did no more than we anticipated in his, polite attentions. But we confess to a grateful surprise at the generous invitation of Mr. and Mrs. James Gordon Ben nett, soliciting the pleasure of the company of the Coloured people in their spacious parlours at Wash ington Heights, on Tuesday, at 1 o'clock. It is how ever but just to Mr. Bennett to say that his invita tions were issued privately, and not through the columns of the Herald, so that no apprehension need be felt for the Union of the States. It is to be hoped that so many and so flittering demonstrations of good-will towards the coloured people may be the harbinger of an era of better feel ing. We are glad to learn that, during their stay in this city, they will be handsomely entertained at the Metropolitan Hotel, and will be permitted to sit at the same table with the whites. They now walk up and down our streets unmolested, greeted with much curious but always respectful attention ; and when, fatigued with walking, they prefer to ride, they are gratified to find, as another evidence of in ^reasing public sympathy, vehicles on almost all - -sues fitted up for their express accommoda the ave._ ".enerous announcement, " Coloured tion, with the b •• - car." Thus, everything will people allowed in thib — sa b both to them be done to make their sta3 l ag.- selves and to us r and we doubt net t them not -nly our ii l- 2.t when they go away they will take with warm prejil warm regards, but also our equall;y dices against,the coloured peoplf! C tiA.R.GB OF MURDER AT SEA. Yesterday William Brookholding Webb, aged 35, the chief mate of the barqUe Brierly Hill, from Aus tralia, and now lying in the Victoria Dock, was brought before Mr. Selfe, at the Thames .Police Court, charged with he wilful )nurder of William Brown, otherwise Lancaster, an a • ;le seaman, on i ,`, l 2e high seas, near the Island of Ascen,sim, on the 6th of kkgust last. Mr. Gomm, from the office of Mr. Chas'., young, solicitor, defended the visoner. Mr. J. C-Evans, superintendent of the Than:es Police, put in the official log-book of the Brierly and otber documents, and said that a com munication having been 'made to' the Board of Trade by a shipping master of the port of London, the Home Secretary had directed the apprehension of the prisoner. He (Mr. Evans) had also been di rected by the Commissioner of Poice to summon the captain, officers, and crew of the ship, who were in attendance. Henry Farrow, a very respectable and intelligent man, was the first witness called. He said—l was a seaman on board the Brierley Hill, on a voyage from London to Australia and back. The prisoner was chief mate. William Brown, now dead, was an able seaman on board. About the 4th of August last there were great complaints respecting the water, .which was not good. On Sunda y morning, the sth of August, we made . a complaint to Captain Vincent, the master of the ship, that the water was very bad. On the following morn ing, which was Monday, the 6th, we had no break ' fast, , because the coffee was salt, and not drinkable. I and Brown, and five others of the crew went aft on Monday morning, the 6th, to complain of the coffee. The captain was in his cabin, and the pri soner called him, and he came on deck. A seaman asked the captain to taste the coffee. The captain did so, and said it was not bad, only a little brack ish; and not to be refused. William Brown said, " Captain, will you go into the Island of Ascension for good water ?" Mr. Selfe—Stop. How far were you from the Island of Ascension at that time ? Witness—We were from 24 to 30 hours' sail of the island then. The captain answered "No" to Brown's question. The deceased then spoke up and said, " Captain, if you will not go into the Island of Ascension you will havl to be tied down until you do." The chief mate immediately went to his cabin and brought up a pistol, and said, " I'll blow the first man's brains out that lays a hand on the captain," and as he uttered those words he pointed the pistol at Brown, fired, and the man fell dead at his feet. Mr. Selfe—Had Brown done or said anything more thhn you have stated, or touched the captain ? Witness—He did not touch the captain or offer to molest him, or go near him with any hostile intention. Mr. Selfe—How was the mate holding the pistol ? The witness extended his right arm and hand to4ards the magistrate, and replied—This way he presented the pistol at Brown. Mr. Selfe—Are you quite sure that nothing was• said or done by Brown after using the words you have mentioned ? Witness —Nothing was said or done after he used those words. In answer to other questions by Mr. Selfe, the witness said—l saw the chief mate's finger between the trigger on the lock of the pistol. It was full cock. I did notsee it was on full cock when it was brought out of the cabin. The prisoner handed the pistol he had fired to the carpenter, and took a second pistol from the carpenter's hands, and said, " If you don't go forward, I will shoot every one of you. We left the dead body of Brown on the poop; and went forward. At nine o'clock, about three-quarters of an hour after the deceased had been shot, the captain called us aft. The chief mate was present, and said he was very sorry any thing of this sort should have happened in his ship, and we then returned to our duty. Mr. Selfe—Did the chief mate say anything at that time ? Witness—He said the pistol went off by accident. Mr. Selfe—Any thing more ? Witness—Nothing else at that time., In the afternoon the • captain called us aft again. The chief mate was present. An entry in the log-book was read over to us by the captain. in the chief mate's presence. Mr. Selfe,' after reading the entry of the occur rence in the qfficial log-book, but not aloud, asked if it was true that Brown attempted to lay hands on the captain before the chief mate presented the pistol. Witness—lt is false, sir. Mr. Selfe—Be careful. Are you quite certain of that ? Witness—l am quite certain of it. I was quite close to Brown. Mr. Selfe—Did Brown put his hands behind him to draw a knife ? Witness—No, sir. Mr. Selfe—Did he put his hands behind him at all? Witness—No, sir. Mr. Selfe—Did he carry a knife ? Witness—Yes, sir, in a sheath by his side. Mr. Selfe—Did any knife fall from him as he fell when he was shot ? Witness—No, sir. I saw no knife fall from him. The poor man was buried the same night. We afterwards did go to Ascension, got fresh water there, and I came home in the vessel to London. The witness underwent a long and, severe cross examination by Mr. Gomm. He said no attempt was made by any one to touch the captain before the prisoner shot the deceased. When the hands were mustered at 9 o'clock the chief mate said, " This is whit becomes of your mutiny. I did not intend the pistol to go off." The prisoner must have passed the pistol after he had fired it into the com panion. He would not swear the same pistol was handed back to the prisoner or a fresh one. By Mr. Selfe—The crew consisted of 18 persons, 12 forward and 6 aft. The persons aft consisted of the captain, two mates, the carpenter, steward, and an apprentice. There was no agreement as to what we should do before we went aft. We said if the captain refused to go into Ascension we would ask the officers to do so. Christopher Kearnan, an able seaman, who gave his evidence with the same distinctness as the last witness, said—l went aft with Brown, the last wit ness, and four others. There was no agreement what we should do. I took a small drop of tea in a pannikin which I had received from the cook that morning. I was unable to drink it, owing to its being so very salt. I went to the poop. I asked ' the steward to fetch the captain, and said I wanted to speak to him. When the captain came upon deck I handed the tea to him. He asked me what was the matter with it. I said it was salt, and could not drink it. The captain tasted it, and made answer that he could taste nothing bad. in it ; it was a 'little brackish and we could. drink it. I walked off the poop, and Brown passed me, went to the captain and said, " Capt.•Vhicent, will you go into the Island of Ascension and get some fresh water ?" The captain replied, " No, Brown, I will not go into any place." Brown said, " Well, Capt. Vincent, well then, you will have to be tied down until you go." That was all that was said, and all I heard. The chief mate went down to his cabin immediately, returned with a large horse pistol, and said the first man that lays hands on the captain I will blow his brains out. Mr. Selfe—How near was Brown to the captain when the prisoner said that ? Witness—He was close to the captain—within reach of him. Brown said to the chief mate, " Will you ?" With that the prisoner deliberately pointed the pistol at the deceased's breast and shot him, dead. Mr. Selfe—Did Brown touch the captain, or raise his hand to him ? Witness—He did not, sir. Mr. Selfe—How near was the pistol to the de ceased when he was shot ? Witness—The pistol almost touched the man. It was not more than two or three inches from him. The pistol was on full cock .when t it was presented at Brown. I saw the prisoner pu it on f cock when he came out of the cabin. lam quite certain of that. Time deceased fell. He was shot through the breast. It was instant death. He made a groan and was a corpse. Th e chief mate then turn e d ' round to the cabin door and took another pistol. I believe from the carpenter. I saw him put it on full cock the same as the first one. It was down on the nipple when he took it from the carpenter. Inspector Cox, of the Thames police, produced the pistol in question, awl said the captain told him he believed that was the one with which the, pri soner shot the deceased. In answer to Mr. Selfe, the witness said Brown did nothing with his hands behind him, and had no knife in his hand, or ever offered to take a knife. It is not true that a knife fell from his hand when he fell. His knife was in his sheath when he was shot. I heard the prisoner say, after he got the second pistol, "If you do not all go forward I will shoot every man of you. Brown then lay dead at his feet. Cross-examined by Mr. Gomm-1 did not see the ' deceased move his hand towards the captain and mate when he was shot. The prisoner handed down the pistol to the carpenter after it was fired. The second pistol was capped. I was eight or nine feet off when it was brought upon the poop deck.' Henry Ferrow was about the same distance off. On the same morning, about 9 o'clock, when the crew were ordered to get aft, the chief mate said some such words as these--:--that he did not mean to shoot the man, and that the pistol went off accidentally. The mate also said, " See what your mutiny has come to." Brown had been dead half an hour when these words were said. I never quarrelled with the chief mate. I never had any occ :as' ion to quarrel with him. Ido of know that Browft v ias ever called Lancaster. Mr, Evans said all tb e men who were on deck when the man was shot W ere in attendance, and the captain aud second mate, who he understood were to ;be called for the defene e, were also present. selfe wag not awite e it would. be necessary for all i_he men wi:o we're: on deck to be called to confirmed each other. give evidence if they ntended to send to ano- The case was one whict k he 1. ther tribunal; and as t he ca se could not be CORI- pleted that day;. and as it was necessary Mr. Pyer, the chief clerk, ,shoul.e. make a fair copy of the lengthened deposltl'ons he had already taken, he should for the present rt 'mand the pristoner. L•U UNIX Y MARK BT& B IRMINGHA , L NI — OM 18. ts ► 1 fair attendance to - day, with a lashort supply There vit te sold at per qr over of English W h e at. Prime old sor. were dull, and rather Tow qualities is to .2s per qr )wer. Bar . previous rate, ley and beans Is' isivance, New oa.'s al norm and de, - tr, .Peas a fully late cheaper in price; rates. MANaIESTBR—Our. Ig. An active business wa s dome in wheat to -day, with a fair supply. English cld and new wheat mut 't be quoted is higher ; foreign taken very freely, recovering the late decline. Flour was inaotil eat ;ate rates, but Frei. lob and American sorts were large;y dealt in, the fermer ativt.,:tneing 6d to ls. Indian corn sold .at former prices. Beans, oats, and old oatmeal firm; new ovtmeal the turn lor. ---. --- MELTON MOWI3. 11.AY—. 0 CT. 16 . at to-day, which went foi .!- rather more money, at our quote.% 'ions :_White wheat, 644 There was a fair show of wh 6 Od to 68s Od ; red, 60s Od to 63s p er 36 stone ; barley is. fair supply, at 36s to 42s for mali. per 24 stone ; beans, qr. for grindi ng ; oa t s , 29s to 38s Ot. ing, and 32s to 34s per 60$ to 558 fur old; new, 50s per 38 a% '3. PLYMOUTH—Om I°. The market was very firm, and pr i ed , s were at the full fish white c urrencies of last we e k for wheat, namely :—English wheat, 68s to 708; red, 63s to 648 per qr; ' and to 61s; grinding barley, 33s to 345; oats, ~ , 18‘ to 278; French do., 608 beans, —s to —8; flour,. 44s to 475. CORK—Our. 17. The following were the quotations this mornint,": — •R©l wheat, 26s Od to 29s 61; White, 28s Od to 33s Od; barley 144 Od to 17s 6d ; oats, lls 6d to 12s 6d. EDINBURGH GRAIN—Ocr. 17. Wheat on the top 2s Od up ... average 2s 3d up. Barley on the top is Od up... ...average :ls 4d up. Oats on the top Os 3d up.... average Os 7d up. Beans ,on the top —s Od.down average .--8 . Od down. Averages per Iroperie.l. quarter. Wheat.... New wheat . . -12ths Barley llO 2 0-12ths Oats Beans Total Supply and Sales. Wheat BlB qrs Sold. 609 qrs 8ar1ey........1917 qrs Sold .1643 qrs Oats 744 qrs. ....... Sold 714 qrsns Beans l7 qrs ........ Sold 0 q DERBY SMITHFIELD----Oct. 16. There was a good supply of fat beasts to-day, with g. fiat demand, and a tolerable number driven away unsold. The supply of sheep was large, but the demand was-flat. Fat and, store calves were not numerous, and well Sad. Pigs were a less show, and better sold. Beef csd to 6id Veal . 7-1d to 8d Mutton 6O to lid Pork Lamb dto —d Rough fat, 5s Od per stone. Hides, 31d to 4VI ; calf skins, 5d to 6d. THE Id 2 ILS. MAILS DlJissb . Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (y.o. South- ampton) • • • • • • • • eines) Oct. 19. Nov. 12. - - _ Do. (via Man,- Brazil and Cape Verde .. Nov. 5. Buenos Ayres, Monto Video, &c. .. Oct. —. Bahamas and Havana (via New York) .. Oct. —. Canada, &c. (via Galway) .. „. Oct. 20. Cape of Good Hope, &c. I\rov. 2. China, Penang, and Singapore (via S'ampton) Oct. 19. Do. (via Marseilles) Oct. 27. Gibraltar (via Southampton) .. Oct. 19. India (Calcutta), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) Oct. 179. Do. (via Marseilles) Oat. 27.- India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. Oct. 25. Do. (via Marseilles) Oct. 19. Lisbon .. • • •.. Oct. 21. Cuba and Mexico .. • • .. Oct. —• Malta, Egypt, and Aden (via Southampton) .. Oct. 19. Do. (via Marseilles) .. Oct. 19. Vigo, and Oporto .. • • .. Oct. 21. United States, California, &c. Oct. 25. Western Coast of Africa, Madeira, Teneriffe .. Nov. 10. West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &c. Oct. 29. HEALTH. OF SCOTLAND. —It is satisfactory t learn frrim the Registrar-General's report for last non that the daily deaths in the eight principal towns of Scot land (with a population estimated at 908,146) have fallen from 96 in February to 53 in September. The difference is enormous. The mortality is now below the average. Yet some of these towns are suffering from epidemics, small pox, measles, and scarlet fever. Thirty per cent. of the mor tality of the month was from zymotic (epidemic and con tagious) diseases. But, to set against this, the usual autumnal diarrhoea has scarcely manifested itself at all, and tho absonoo of violont alternations of temperature allowed the deaths from inflammatory affections of the respiratory organs to fall to 135. The large proportion of 49 per cent. of the deaths in these towns in September were of children under five years of age •, at the other extreme of life five nonagenarians expired, the eldest (the widow of a farmer) in her 99th year. The mean tempera ture of the month was 50.7. deg., being 3.8 deg. below the average of the four preceding years. The depressions at night were severe ; in Aberdeen and Perth 29 deg., in Paisley, 28.5 deg. The humidity of the air was about the average, but less than half the usual-quantity of rain fell, and the number of days on which it fell was ene-fourth below the average. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Out of 50,000 cures WIIIIM2b medi cine, by Du Barry's delicious Revalenta Arabica Food, we quote a few :—Cure No. 71, of dyspepsia the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart do Decies. Cure No. 49,832.—" Fifty years indescribable agony from • dyspepsla, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, s pasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent food.—Maria Joly, Wortharn Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." •Cure No. 4,208.—" Eight yews dyspep sia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, nausea, for which my servant had consulted the advice of many, have been cured by Du Barry' shealth restor i ng fo od . — R ev. John W. Flavell, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk." 32,836. Three years excessive nervousness, with pains in my neck and left arm, and general debility, which ren dered my life very miserable, has been radically removed by Du Barry's healtk'res tering food.—Alex. Stuart. Avoid Pills and Medicines : they invariably aggravate and perpetuate diseases ; their annoyance, disappointment, and expense may be avoided by using Du Barry's Food which, at a few pence per day, saves 60 times its cost in other remedies, removing effectually, without purging, constipation, indigestion (dyspepsia) nervous, bilious and liver complaints and all their consequences. Certificate • No. 36,418. We find it the safest remedy. Andrew Ure, MD., F.R.S., Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Shorland, Dr. Campell. Let in va lid s avo id . th e fearful dangers of spu rious and injurious imitations offered under a variety of false pretences. Nevill's imitations are prohibited by the high Court of Chancery under a penalty of £5,000 against Alfred Hooper Nevill and his agents ; and the pretences that Nevill has a patent for Arabica Food and that Du Barry's are connected with such patent are utterly false. No canister is genuine without the name Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Regentestreet,.in full, ontheseal and wrapper. Shopkeepers who attempt imposition in one article must expect te, be distrusted in all others. Packed in tins 11b. 2s. 9d.; 21b. 4s. Gd. ; 51b. 11s. ; 121 b. 225. ; 241 b. 40s. The 121 b. and 241 b. canisters are sent carriage free on receipt of Post-office order by . Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, R e , gent-street, London; Fortnum Mason, and Co. ; Abbie, 60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63 and 150, Ox bard-street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate street ; Batty, 16, Finsbury Pavement ; Phillips and Co, tea -d ealers ; Petty, igh W Holborn ood and ,and Co . all , grocers g et W rs illiam-street City ; at 127, High [ADVERTISEMENT.] — Holloway ' s Ointment and Pills. — Inflammations of sensitive parts, piles, fistula, and such like painful diseases may, without consulting any one, be presently relieved and ultimately cured by the proper and diligent use of this cooling and healing Ointment; whose action should 'in such cases be assisted by judicious doses of anxious Ho w ll o pa a r r n s t Pills. experience Ee ay wonderful r hv f u a l d e e g r e elapsed s o e df .theease from this treatment. Doubts and fears will soon disappear, and the sufferer will soon bless the day on which he first applied these rem e di es. The y are equally suitable to both sexes, all ages, and any climate; nor ifetheir efficiency im paired by long keeping. Their action on the frame is soothing, safe, arid certain. BIRTHS. BRIGHT.—On the 17th inst. at St. James's }Throe, West Malvern, the wife of Benjamin Bright, Esq../ of a daughter. GRIFFIN.—On the 17th inst., at The Lindens, L a urie .. park, Syd e nh am , Mr s . Charles Griffin, of a daughter. SOLLY.—On the 18th inst., the wife of Edw ard SollY, Esq., of Holme Court, Isleworth, of a daugh ter. MARRIAGES.• MANSFIELD—HARCOURT.—On tbo 17th inst., at St. 'George's, Hanover-square, Captain Mansfield, p.w . o . Esq., of Anker- Donegal Militia, eldest son of FranCiB Matasfield, Es q., of Arclrummon House, co. Donegal, to Anna Phillip oldest daughter of George S. or wycke, Bucks, and late M.P. for that county, James SUTTON—WRITMARSIL—On . the 17th hist.) at St. Whitmarsh, Egg Leo nard's, Stioreditch, John Sutton, the eldest soton R o e f b e Johnc c a , Sutton., Esq., M.R.C.S.E., L.A., Finsbury, fourth surviving daughloornitln of Whitmarsh Lodge, 1 1 ~ D B A T H S. HAJLTLEy.—On the 16th inst., at Lincoln, Mr. John Hart ley, merchant, aged 55. years rector of if a l sham, and vicar of lON.—On the 9th inst. , at He mingborough, the Rev. John 1 1 11 the 15th inst., at Th e Elms, Hitrlington, D. E. J ones , Esq., late of Port Aladoe, and son of the late i M ng .A bo'r ' o 3 u s gh, aged 71. JONES. —On Jones, Esq., of the Lord Mayor's Court, Royal Exchange. SAUNDERSON.—On the 14th inst., at Newick-park, Sus sex, the Lady Catharine Saunderson. SnAw.—On the 11th inst., at Brecknock-crescent, J. Shaw, Esq., aged SO. STEVENS.—On the 17th inst., Mr. T. N. Stevens, boot maker, of Gresham-street, city. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun .?Bice, No. 112 Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county Middlesex, Friday, October 19, 1860 ~3 ~.,, ~.i r V yY►. f .... 4r , 4 f` . i$ ;,,` .).. E s ~. .