The Sun. — London, England, 1829-10-22 00:00:00

• tengal, end be aid in the Siccs tUrreney, 4 per cent. is ds:ilueted from his salary, while he at the same time is obliged to pay for every article he pur chases for his house and servants in the coin he re ceives, without the power of making any reduction whatever. The case of married officers, who have families to support and educate, is melancholy to eontemplate, especially when we see them struggling with penury and in debt in India, to enable them to give a decent education to their children in England, for the ex pellees of which they have to pay with the rupees issued out to them at the imaginary value of Ps-. to., and for which they barely receive erdit at the rate of Is. Bd. each. Enough has been Said to show that the common dictates n befit anity would forbid the enforcement of the braers conveyed in the Hon. Court of DirettOrs" military general letter, dated the 28th May, 1828. Your memorialist and his brother Officers are too well satisfied 'of tire liberality of thßt Honourable Body, to be able to stippose for a moment that the wants, the diffieultiee, and the distresses of their faithful r.ad devoted servants of this army are known to them ; if they were, they feel fully convinced that the first impulse of the Honourable Cottrt would be to improve their pro spects and ameliorate their condition, Your memorialist, and those associated with him in the prayer of this addresS, feel also a gratifying and confident assurance that in the elevated spirit of liberality with which your Lordship hes ever been distinguished, and in the breasts of those Honourable Gentlemen who now compose yOur Lordship's Council, They may safely etnicipate, not only a favourable and lenient interpretation of the freedom used in this address, hut also that the prayer they venture to make for the repeal (or siopension pend ing a referenee home) of the General Orders No. 234, of the 29th November last, will not be disregarded nor refused. Should your Lordship in Council think it expedient to refer the Case to the Honourable Court of Erectors, your memorialist ventures to hope that the resent opplication may he forwarded for the ieferination of tile Honourable Body, and he trusts tint his long and faithful services will plead his ex eusc for the freedom he has taken in stating truths and facts connected with the state and feeling of the army.---Annexed to ties Yttmerial is a list of the officers who wish to se considered as joining in its prayer and its opinions ; and your memorialist has the honour to 'subscribe himself, Your Lordship's most obedient servant, Signed) 11. HAWTREY, Lient. OA. Commanding 3d Light---Cw4lry, nil ether Officers of the Corps. Cairnpore, 20th Peb. 1829. OF OFFICERS PRESENT WITH TILE con.rs. Lieutenant Tottenham Liimtenant Voules Pcnnefar her Cornet Gordon Christ;e Britlll Lawrell ilarriogroa Trevor ----- Liudesay ---- Marsh Sir• Ilarriutt Brownlow ---- Mosley. I have the honour to transmit a memorial, ad dressed to the Right lioneurable the Governor- General in Council, which I shall feel very much obliged by your laying before his Excellency the Right Honourable the Commluder-in-Chief, with my respectful solicitation that should it not be deemed ohjectiothble, l,is Lorthhip will do me the honour of forwarding, together with such recom mendation and support as his Excellency may con sider it to deserve, I have, &c. (Signe3) H. H A WTII F.Y, Livut.-Coc commandinß*3d itegt. Light Cnvdlry. To Lieut.-CA. Commandant Fagan, Adintant-General of the Arms, Head-quarters. THE MEMORIAL OP THE SUPERINTENDING SURGEON, SURGEONs, AND ASSISTANT-SURGEONS, SERVING IN TUE, cAWNPoRE DIVISION CF THE ARMY, To Right Honourable the Governor-General in lON:tied, the Memorial of the Assistant-Surgeons serving in bundlekund. Your memorialists beg leave respectfully to call the attention of the Right Honourable the Governor- Gerter.4l in Council to the orders of Government, No. 2IA, Nov. 28, 1828, on the subject of medical allowances. By these orders your memorialists Lave been deprived of a!lowarices which for a long set ies of years have been granted to medical officers in charge of trocps (for the supply of medicines and Itccessaries), but which, through the liberality of Gore:meta, were intended as a compensation for the trouble and great responsibility attached to the arduous duties of the profession in this climate. That these allowances, though liberal, were by no means inadequately large, will, it is hoped, appear from the fact that the income of an Assistant-Su;- germ, after deducting the necessary cxpences for the support of an hospital, did not exceed the multi mews granted to Adjutants and Quarter -masters, lion duties are necessarily of a much less revolt sWle nature. While these who are destined for the other branches of the public service arrive in this country at any catty age, and receive incomes sufficient for their support, the members of the medical deport areoe are prevented accepting of appointments till they have completed their tweNty-second year, and are requi - ed io qualify themselves for admission into the ,crviee by it long and most expensive course of professional education—and even after entering the service, are required to keep up and extend their knowledge by means of scientific publieatioas,which are now beyond the reach of your memorialists.— Nor is it unworthy of observation that medical officers, dieting the first years of their service, are frequently exposed to hardships, and put to expenses unknown to any other clas of public servants— moveri from station to station, with small detach- MeV:5 of troops ; exposed to the inclernencies of the climate at every season of the year; and often placed in the most trying. situations in a professional point of view, for which the hope of respectable al lowances alone formed a recompence. On the present reduced scale of allowances your memorialists, after several years' service, whether as enoistant-surgeons in charge of corps, or attached to civil stations, with the additional charge of troops, find themselves receiving the same recompence for their services as a cornet of cavalry, or a subaltern of infantry of two years' standing; while even the small allowance now granted for the charge of a whole regiment becomes subject to a deduction of nearly one-half in those districts placed on half batta, and where it is notorious that the duties of the medical officer are uniformly increased. Veterinary surgeons whose professional knowledge can be ob tained at a comparative small expence, and whose care extends but to horses, at present enjoy supe rior allowances to those who are entrusted with the lives and health of the civil and military servants of the State.* Your metnorialistA, in compliance with the former regulations of the - service, have supplied themselves with a stock of instruments and necessaries, for which no compensation has been offered, and thus a heavy loss is superadded to that sustained by the above order. The receipts of assiqant-surgeons in every branch of the service- being hardly sufficient for their imme diate support, the hope of securing a provision from the efforts of economy become extinguished, and the prospect of retiring from the service cannot be in dulged in, more especially as the pensions granted to every grade of the department are wholly insuffi dent for the support of a respectable station in after life. Your memorialists must consider themselves, Ivbile the present regulations remain in force, as doomed, along with the rest of their professional brethren, to spend tire remainder of their days in India amidst the united evils of poverty and exile. With due submission, your memorialists trust that these considerations may induce the Right Hon. the * This is what might be expected from a trading com pany. The horses cult John from 600 to 100 rupees each : the poor sepoy is got for nothing—Note of a Cor rexponthnt. t They have taken away 100 rupees a month cut of 400. Oulu the Civil Assistant-Surgeou.•—lbid, Governor-General in Council either to restore the department to its former footing, or to grant a more liberal compensation for the allowances withdrawn. (Signed by the Superintending Surgeon, Surgeons, and Assistant Surgeons, in the district of Buudlekund.) No. 3. Ti OS .:IbiORIAL OF LIEUT.-COL. J. COMYN, AND OM culls OF TILE 24TH BENGAL N. I. Most respectfully Sheweth,—That your memoria lists, whose ria..les•Ae‘;:ottipany this, cannot but con templtte the introduction of half batta stations as a measure fraught with the most distressing results, and one calculated, by reducing their present scanty allowances, to deprive them even of the means of supporting themselves in a manner *hich their situa tion as British oNcets inipz.'ratively demands. It tr.tto: ii *ell known to your Lorthhip in Coun el, trait the respect of the soldiers composing this army, and of the natives generally, depends mainly on the appearance your memorialists are able to maintain; and, deprived of the means of appearing respectable in each- eyes, the power of upholding the serviec mitirely withdrawn, particularly when t•_, this want of the means is added the disap pointment of finding their just expectations blasted, and their probable, although distant, prospect of a return to their native land withdrawn from within their reach, Your m?mori7dist and his brother officers most respectfully beg to bring under under your Lord ship's consideration that when the present allow ances of the army were fixed (never, they had hoped, to be reduced), Fi;ttyghur was the most diN ttut or frontier station, and comparatively little ex pence was incurred by the periodical reliefs; and water-carriage being in most situations available, the necessaries of life were procured at a moderate charge, and consequently your memorialists' allow ances wei e commensurate to their wants ; but your memorialists beg to state that their situation is now altered considerably fur the worse, for not only are the expences attendant on their lengthened periodi cal movements, caused by the extension of the Ho nourable Company's territories, increased to almost a ruinous extent, but the natives have increased their demands for their labours and services, and the productions of the country enhanced at least fifty per cent. _ _ _ Your memorialist and his brother officers, so far from even contemplating a reduction in the allow ances, have hitherto, trusting to the liberality and justice of their honourable masters, forborne to press their claims for an increase to meet the increased expellees attendant on the unexampled extension of the Honourable Company's territorial possessions, or to petition for those advantages of increased pay for length of service which have been granted to his Majesty's army, and which your memorialists can not but think the hardships and privations they suf fer during their banishment in an uncongenial give them a fair title to expect. Your memorialist and his brother officers most respectfully urge on your Lordship's favourable con sideration, that should the reduction of their allow ances be persevered in, the difficulties with which they are struggling will be ruinously aggravated, awl the cheerfulness and promptitude which your memo rialist and his brother officers have ever evinced to meet the calls of the service give place to feelings of dissatisfaction and despondency which it is not in human nature to combat or overcome. Independent of personal considerations, some of you; memorialists, finding the hope of a return to their country so distant, have sought to increase their comforts during their banishment, by forming domestic ties, which have rende;ed their lives a con stant struggle with pecuniary difficulties ; still, how ever, by the sacrifice of many things, which a resi dence in this climate renders almost necessaries of life, and by the practice of the most t igid and per severing economy, your memorialists have been able to cheer themselves with the hope of having it in their power to educate their children decently and respectably (the provisions for them remaining an un certainty); but even thi, hope must be entirely lost to them should the reduction of their allowances be persevered in. Under these circumstances your memorialists en tertain a confident hope and expectation that your Lordship will take this their urgent representation under your Lordship's favourable consideration; and your memerialists pray, that your Lordship will de fer carrying into immediate effect the order of the Hon. the Court of Directors for the reduction of the allowances until reference can be made to the Hon. Court on the subject, and the Hen. Court's ultimate order be received ; and your memorialist and his brother offieers, as in duty bound, will ever pray. (Signed) J. COMYN, - Lieut.-Col. Commanding 24th Bengal, N. I. and all the officers of the corps present. BENGAL ARMY ALLOWANCE. The following is a copy of a Circular, addressed to the licigal Army, on the subject of the late re ductions in the Officers' allowance on that e,tablish ment. It will be seen Out both Lord Combermere .nd Lord William Be ;finch are favourable to a re peal of the Honourable Court's orders on this im portant subject, and that the case:bas again been re ferred to the East India Directors for further con. ideration. CIRCULAR. " Adjutant-General's Office, " Head-quarters, Poorce, April 27, 1529. have received the orders of his Excellency the Right Honourable the Commander-in-Chief, to inform you that it has been intimated to him by the Right Hon. the Governor-General in Council, that it is his Lordship's intention to transmit to the Honourable the Court of Di rectors copies of the Papers and Memmials which have liten submitted to Government, and recommended to its favourable consideration by his Excellency, on the subject of the Government General Order of the 29th of No vemlier, 1828, with a communication of the views and sentiments which the Government have been led to enter tain on this important question. " His Lordship in Council has been pleased to add, that it will afford him sincere gratification if the Honourable Court of Directors shall see fit to re-consider it. " I have the honour to he, Sir, " Your obedient servant, (Signed) "C. FAGAN, Adj.-Gen. of the Army." THE ARMY IN INDIA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,-In a late number of the Scotsman, of which an extract is given in your Paper of Tuesday, in which it adverts to discontent or excitement, as the Elitor would describe it, of the Bengal Army, in consequence of the re duction of its allowances, that Paper would seem to treat the subject with considerable fairness; but the informa tion on which it grounds its reasoning has been erroneous. In the first place, the Army do NOT " receive the same pay as Officers serving in England." They are paid in rupees, each rupee being calculated in the original scale of pay at 2s. 6d. It is notorious that the Sonata rupee of Bengal is at present scarcely equal to Is. Bd. of English money ; therefore, for all purposes of remittance to Eng land, education of family or other necessary expences, the Bengal Officer actually loses one-third of his asserted and supposed pay ; in other words, a Captain of Infantry, in the stated receipt of 120 Sonaut rupees per mensem, or, as intended, a snm equal to 15/., now finds his pay for every valuable and ultimate purpose to which he can apply it, equal only . to 101. ! Nor is this all; the same ratio of loss affects every other branch of his allowances, while he unhappily fines that the prices of the common necessaries of his subsistence, equipment, cattle, servants' wages, and other indispensable daily expences have at the same time most strangely and distressingly increased. The Scotsman believes there is not the slightest inten- tion of altering or extending the late reduction of allow ances. The fact, however, is, that such reduction has been systematically urged front home in every despatch for these last twenty or thirty years, and the service has been yearly and gradually suffering under these retrenching ex periments. The Company base sought to reduce their military expences throughout, or, in other words, to mak e the soldiers who have gained their victories now pay for the unwise expences of the wars themselves, for the bung ling mistakes of their Governors and rulers, and fur the ever ruinous attempts at commerce which of late have so characterised every trading connection with India. The Army piTf etiv understand this, end thus their discontent (for such it truly is) is now assuming a distinct and cont bined form, ai they are fully awate that nothing but such necessary and strong (thugh still wisely respectful) de monstration of their feelings can preserve even the poor remains of their present scanty remuneration for banish ment, hard service, and ruined constitutions. I nm, Sir, your obedient servant, London, Oct. 20. VERA X. INTERESTING CORRESPONDENCE. (From the Ctrk Constitution.) TO THE EARL OF MOUNTCASHELL. Palace, Ferns, Sept. 26, 1829. shall not trouble your Lordship with apologies for the liberty I am about to take in addressing you upon the subject of the late meeting at Cork, which seems to me best described as being a Lay Synod. I should deserve to be reckoned among the Bishops who cat, drink, and arc merry, slid I remain inactive at such a moment as this. I think it due to your Lordship to entreat that you will consider very maturely the consequences of proceedir.g in the course now begun. I shall not be told by your Lordship that in referring to history, lam quoting an a'd almanack. I feel coovinced that your Lordship wig not think it inexpedient to look back to the proceedings, now but two centu ries old, which took place in England with respect to the Church, and to a repetition of which a peti tion to the two Houses of Parliament, as projected at the Cork Meeting, will inevitably lead. A Com mittee of Religion will consequently be formed, and a Petition of Religion, like that in which the Com mons, in 1628, censured Bishops, as favourers of Popery, and as holding heretical opinions, and complained that pious, laborious, and orthodox Mi nisters were discouraged, will be the next step on the part of the Commons, who would instantly per ceive the open which such a state of things would afford them to increase their power. What sort of edifice was built in the seventeenth cen tury upon the foundation of the authority as . mimed by the Commons in matters of religion, I need trot remind your Lordship. So far as relates to the State your Lordship is, I doubt not, bet ter acquainted with them than I am. But perhaps the consequences as to religion are not so well known. Fur these I would refer your Lordship to an authority not liable to be suspected of partiality towards Bishops or Establishments, John Milton. Your Lordship will find what he says upon the sub ject in vol. 4 of his prose works, published by Sym mons, at p. 81.. To another writer, of the same principles with Milton, Thomas Edwards, reference might be made to the same purpose, but as his work Gangrccna, is in few hands, I shall take the liberty of making an extract from it. It was published in 1646 :—" In these four years," he says, (reckon ing from that in which the Bishops had been re moved), " we have surpassed the deeds of the Pre lates, and justified the Prelates, in whose time never so many nor so great errors were heard of, much less such blasphemies and confusions; w e have worse things among us than ever were in all the Bishops' days, more corrupt doctrines, and unheard of practices than !n eighty years before. The Bishops and their chaplains (who were accounted time-servers) opposed the errors of the times, but the Presbyters suffered all kinds of errors and schisms to come in when they were in place; cer tainly the Bishops and chaplains shall tine up in judgment against the Ministry of their generation." An account of Edwards is given in the Biographia iiritannica. That such consequences would ensue from pro ceedings originally intended to produce reform, was not foreseen by these men, nor by Lord Strafford, when he associated himself with them in the com mencement of their course, and as they had na example to warn them they may plead a very plau sible excuse. And now, my Lord, having said thus much on _ . the general question, permit me to enter a little into particulars. Upon such a subject I must feel strongly and it is best that I should at once apologize for perhaps using expressions not sufficiently circumlo cutory. I prefer at any hazard, and I think I do not run much risk with your Lordship, making myself clearly understood. And first as to the conduct of the Crown in the appaintment of Bishops. It is manifest that though England has been sometimes mentioned in your Lordship's speech (the speech at tributed to your Lordship I should say), yet every thing said at the meeting will be understood as re lating to Ireland, and as such I shall take it. Though I might refer to England and quote the appoint ments to Canterbury, London, Durham, Lincoln, and Salisbury, as not arising out of bargains between Ministers and Borough-mongers. But I will entreat your Lordship's attention to Ireland, and I will ask where, in the course of the last two•and-twenty years, is there to be found a Bishop promoted in the manner described by your Lordship ? There is not, I believe, an individual of those appointed during that period who could command a single vote in the House of Commons, except one, and he and his con nexions are in opposition to the Ministry, and have been so for many years. Let me next advert to the charge made against the Bishops, expressly made against them generally, a word always considered as meaning universally. But I will not plead to it otherwise than in the pre cise meaning of the word, and in reply I will beg of your Lordship to look to the preferments held by the sons of Bishops, the Ecclesiastical Register is a book in every one's hands, and your Lordship has also the reports made to Parliament, and see in how many instances unions have been formed for their advantage. I will undertake to say that in general (ant! I use the word in its extended sense) the unions which they hold were made before they were barn. I entreat your Lordship in justice to the living and to the dead, for I will not limit my defence to the Bishops now in being, though I justly might, but I will go back, to their predecessors, to the beginning of this century, and again , ' I entreat your Lordship to refer to the authorities which I have mentioned, and see what instances can be adduced to support a charge made with such unmitigated severity. Nor do I think in this that I ask too much from your Lordship when the extreme importance of the case is considered. If your Lordship on examining the books, should think that you nee any instance of a union so made, I do confidently trust that you will have the goodness to state it to me, and if my eyes have not deceived me in the course of my examina tion, I rely upon being able to clear it up. These unions of parishes are very little under stood. The word Parish is supposed to signify a district sufficient in extent and population to re quire the attention of a Clergyman, and affording an income adequate to his maintenance. This is by no means the case, and there are no people who have a better opportunity of knowing that it is not than the people of Cork, where a brewery or a distillery occupies the whole extent of a parish ! On looking into the Ecclesiastical Register it will appear that the parishes united are in general vicar ages, entitled only to one-third of the tithes, or i►n prupriate curacies, and paid by a salary from the itnpropriator, generally under ten pounds, and never in any instance which I have known, amounting to thirty; often alYolately without any salary at all; nearly all of them are destitute of churches, they having been destroyed in the civil wars, and unable to rebuild, or if rebuilt to maintain them. And I will ask, to what goOd end can it now tend to complain of the abuse which Bishops may have made of their power of uniting parishes, when your Lordship knows that they have no longer the power of uniting them ? But to proceed. The incomes of the Clergy are unequally divided.- The Curate has not sufficient to procure the decencies of life for his family. Permit me to ask whether your Lordship has looked into the last Act relative to Curates' sa laries (as it was passed.five years ago), and whether any thing beyond that can be expected—unless, in deed, the principle of equalising all incomes, and haying no Curates at all, he adopted. The evils of such a system it would take an essay to detail.— Just let us view it thus. The incomes allotted to the' Clergy arc designed - to induce men to enter into -the Church, with the hope that it will afford them j a maintenance, and eventually a competence, or even affluence. Seen in this light (and setting aside all higher thotives for adopting the profession, as being perfectly unconnected with the secular interest, now under consideration), I will appeal to the experience of all men, whether unequal emoluments, varying amough very different degrees, will not be more at tractive than the low, uniform income which an equal division would afford to each individual. The fact is before us. Our supply of educated men is fully adequate to our wants, on the present system. What improvement could a change in that system produce ? A vague notion of an immense iievenue which might be thrown into the heap to be divided, I well know, abroad. The extent of the Bishops' lands is vety great—Granted—But it is admitted, that at least four-fifths of the profit of those lands is in the hands of their tenants. It would probably be nearer the truth to say nine-tenths. But be the proportion what it may, it would he direct robbery to deprive them (the tenant) of possessions, which hare been in their families through successive gene rations; nay, made the subject of family settlements. 'We come therefore t o the actual income of the Bishops. Now, of the amount of that we have the evidence of Mr. Leslie Foster, before the Commit tee, on the state of Ireland, and lie averaged the in come of the Bishops at 5,0001. Irish. That is, 4,6001. sterling. Your Lordship will not, I believe, think that an income of that amount should be di minished—that it is not equally divided, is not a subject of d.scoment among ourselves—we do not apply for any change. We do indeed complain of our incomes being over-rated. 1 am not satisfied at being rated at B,oool.,when I cannot reckon: n 45,0001. Nor am I pleased to hear the Archbishop of Dublin rated at 14,000/., when I am convinced that he has not 8,0001. Nor at the Bishop of Derry's being rated at 20,000/., when I do not believe him to have more than 15,0001. _ We come then to the parochial clergy, twelve hundred incumbents, and six hundred cerates, and the whole of the incomes of the incumbents, if equally divided, would give these 1,800 nearly 250/. each. Encrease the number till it becomes equal to the number of parishes, and, allowing no curate at all, the dividend would be about 187/. per annum. Let that arrangement be proclaimed, and what would be the effect upon the class of men of which the clergy is at present composed ? Would they feel a stronger wish to go into the church than they do now ? Unquestionably not. We should be obliged to admit uneducated men. 'With what ad vantage, let those who wish to know enquire in those parts of England and Wales which are sup plied with such. As to the charges made against the moral and religions character of the clergy, I shall trouble your Lordship with a remark, but upon one of them. Your Lordship characterized the clergy as being, in general, griping and covetous. Now it does happen that the refutation of this charge is on record. The Act for the composition of tithes has made public the rate at which the clergy made their demands, and it is notorious that they do not amount to one-tenth of the Rent, so far from being one-tenth of the Produce, to which they would have amounted had not the clergy, with a - liberality that deserved an eulogium instead of the censure passed upon them, relinquished two-thirds of their lawful pro perty, which they might have claimed without in curring the censure of being griping and covetous. Yes—There is -One charge more to which, as it admits-of proof if well founded, I must claim your Lordship's attention :—" In many instances, the Clergy lead improper, immoral, and dissolute lives, mod VARIOUS petitions hove been presented to both Houses of Parliament representing facts revolting to humanity, and disgraceful to the parties accused." On the part of the Clergy of Ireland, do solemnly deny the charge; and in their name, and on their behalf, I claim the proof. The instances I mean, for to that I limit myself, of such petitions having been presented. Did such immoral characters exist, the Ecclesia stical Courts would be resorted to by the aggrieved Parishioners, and the charge must be entertained. I will now conclude this very long leiter, with re peating my apology for the freedom with which I have expressed myself. 1 thought it one to your Lordship to make a direct communication upon the subject—while] I write I see what may serve as a f!ecisive confirmation of the apprehensions which I hove expressed as to the consequences which the proceedings at Cork are likely to prodUce. The Popish Papers praise them. The Evening Post says they are all that it can desire.—l have the ho nour to be your Lordship's most obedient humble servant, (Signed) THOMAS FERNS. TO THE LORD BISHOP OF FERNS. IfiY Loan,--I have had the honour of receiving your communication. In having taken the chair at the meeting recently held in Cork, I feel I have only performed my duty, and I am satisfied that every well-wisher to the Established Church, will, after mature reflection, discover much to be approved of in the resolutions adopted on that occasion. lam indeed unable to discover the danger you forebode from our measures, as there was but one opinion re garding the doctrines of our Church. Your Lord ship surely will not attempt to say that imperfec tions have not existed, and still continue to exist, in certain practices too long suffered in our Cliusch. That the time has come for remedying these abuses, I think must be conceded, for the more corruptions we suffer to disfigure the Church of England, the greater danger is she in. Now that Government has left us to our own resources, and withdrawn that protection our Church was accustomed to rec e iv e , every zealous member is called to on do his best to protect that, which is now more than ever likely to be assailed by her enemies. Assuming that right which I conceive every layman possesses as being a member of the Church of England, we came for ward to bear public testimony to the purity of her doctrines, and to the zeal of those good - shepherds who with indefa tigable care have attended to their flocks—to check as far as in us lay that misconduct, and those malprac tices which unfortunately prevail, and to point out some of those evils which in our opinion have greatly retarded the progress of vital Christianity. Knowing our intentions to be good, confident the gates of Hell shall never prevail against the true Church of Christ, and that the false doctrines of Popery, can acquire little strength from the candid admission that our Clergy are not infallible, and there exist some flaws in the temporal things, we ventured to express those unfeigned sentiments, which a desire for the permanent welfare of our Church dictated—and here permit me to say, lay men have at least as good a right to speak upon re ligious subjects, as clergymen upon political ones, allowing the clergy credit for the best intentions in the Litter, we laymen claim a like favour in the former. I now beg to say there was little in my speech exclusively intended for Ireland, which in deed I think your Lordship ought to have at once perceived.—lt was also far from my intention to at tack the zealous and virtuous members of our Hie rarchy. I purposely spok e i n genera l terms, wish ing to avoid every charge of personality. It was not individuals so much as abuses that I aimed at— abuse?" which alas! are too notorious to he con cealed by simple contradiction. That the practice of appointing Bishops from politic a l mot i ves h as existed, cannot be denied, so long as we have living instances of the fact ; and what has been done, it will not be denied, may, when it pleases the Minis try, be done again. I shall pass over the docu ments your Lordship refers to, to prove the danger of interfering with Ecclesiastical abuses. The state of Great Britain now is sorely different from what it was about the year 1628. We must either pro ceed forwards or retrogade, and now is no time - to exclaim, "'Tie better to hear those ills we have, Than fly to others that we know not of;" For my own part, I can say my trust is not so much in the power of man as in the power of God. The wall of partition has beet! ,;.- pulled down by the Lords Spiritual-as well as emporal: kifi Majesty's Ministers have nom left U 3 to shift for ourselves. Popery and infidelity have combined to overthrow our Church, and they may succeed, if the Lord is not for us. And how , I would ask, can We expect the assistance of the Most High, when vital end practical religion is so little valued, and when the uovernment and the people look with apathy en abuses, which no one can deny Nay, when even sonic amongst the clergy may even defend those very abuses. It is with pride and satisfaction I ad mit that several of our most pious and worthy pre- bites, both in England and Ireland, have for some time made great exertions to correct what was faulty. These not only deserved the praise, bi t the co-operation of the laity, for without some as ;st ance from, I shall not say the lay members, but the le friends of the Church, the Bishops even col lectively, I fear, could not effect much in a country, where the matters complained of are wont to be re gulated by Act of Parliament. In proportion as convocations are neglected, and the appointei au therities in the Church are satisfied to refer to Par , liament, which is chiefly composed of the laity, for the redress of ecclesiastical abuses, the more man ' rid is it for laymen to feel they have a right to ie.- ' terfere, when the prelates suffer glaring abuses to continue. The subject of unions of parishes has long engaged public attention. Much has been said, and clearly proved, of the evils arising from the practice, and much has been admitted. I wish to blame no one on their account. But this I say—the true friends of the Church earnestly hope that evith very few exceptions, unions and pluralities will soon be abolished; because the souls of men are or some importance, and neither a dignitary of the Church, or beneficed clergyman, no more than any other man, can be in two places at the same time. Your Lord ship asks " to what good end can it now tend to complain of the abuse which Bishops may have (once) made of their power of uniting parishes ?" I answer—that the abuse may be corrected, and the Church restored to its pristine condition ; and the sooner this is done the better. As impropriate and lay tithes render in your opinion the unions of parishes necessary, I have only to say, I wish some equitable plan may soon be proposed by your Lord ship, to remedy the evil. Your Lordship would lead me to suppose, that the Act passed five years ago regulating the salary of curates, is a sovereign remedy for allahe hardships they labour under. My Lord, I know too much to be thus convinced. Facts are stub:sorts things, and without naming individual cages, as I have no desire to bring any one into a scrape, I assert, without fear of contradiction, that in numerous instances, curates do riot at this mo ment receive from their Rectors the salary allowed to them by law. Some Bishops may have, through oversight omitted to enquire whether the Act you allude to was complied with, and the curates have felt too dependent:on their superiors, to give vent to just feelings of dis satisfaction. As I am inclined to think different gradations in the church to be quite Scriptural, and most useful, and as talent, piety, and activity, are not undeserving of temporal reward to a reasonable extent, I for one have never entertained an idea of allotting art equal income to every parish. But I regret I must differ from your Lordship, when you say, " the incomes allotted to the clergy are de signed to induce men to. enter into the church with the hope that it will afford them a maintenance, and eventually a competence, or even affluence." Ate these the motives that ought to induce men to take Holy Orders? Are these objects in harmony with the Holy Bible, and in unison with the words of our Ordination ? My Lord, I must follow your example and apologise for perhaps using expressions not sufficiently circumlocutory. But when you ap peal to the experience of all men " whether un equal emoluments varying through very different degrees will not be more attractive, than low uni form incomes," I cannot help figuring to myself, a lottery contractor (in times past) calculating on the advantages likely to be derived, from the 15,0004 prize down to the numerous small prizes, which even when won, could never cover the ori ginal cost of the ticket. My Lord, allow me to say on the subject of the incomes of Bishops, that their rank in the Church, and the independent character they ought always to maintain, renders it desirable they should possess an independent income. Bot, when your Lordship admits that the Bishops' lands are worth ten times as much as what goes into the pockets of their Lord ships, I cannot help wishing at least the rest of the profit could be employed for the spiritual welfare of thousands, who are dying" for lack of knowledge." Your Lordship, however, considers it " to be di— rect robbery, to deprive the tenants of possessions which have been in their families through successive generations." That they cannot be deprived of these lands as bog as their lease lasts, we all well know, but afterwards I believe private interest has much to do in the renewal. And if your Lordship calls the deistical of the tenure of Church lands after the expiration of the lease, direct robbery, what an imputation do you cast on many of your predecessors as well as cotemporarics, who, not con tent with the sum offered by way of a fine, or wish ing to provide far some relation, have been, and still are, in the habit of running their lives, as it is termed against the lease. In referring to the Parochial Clergy, your Lord ship states them at 1,200 Incumbents, and 650 Curates (for Ireland), and your Lordship, with much nicety, calculates the sum of money which would fall to each, were the incomes equally divided among them. Having on no occasion favoured this measure, I cannot here he expected to advocate it. But it is evident your Lordship has one grand ob ject before your eyes, whilst I confess my mind has long been engaged with a very different one.— Whilst you, my Lord, have been considering what was most for the interest of a favoured portion of the Clergy, I have been looking to the spiritual wants of the people. For this they pay an annual income; and where they have, in so many instance-, been spurned and neglected by well-paid teachers, it is only surprising they have laorne the imposition so long. Let the Clergy do their duty, and they de serve a just remuneration, for "the labourer is Worthy of his hire." As your Lordship has entered into certain calculations, I am also tempted to do the same, and looking to the wants of the people, taking; for granted your statement of the number-of parochial clergy to becorrect, and laying down the population of Ireland at seven millions, none of whom ought to be neglected, I find there is just one Parish 'Clergyman to attend to about 3,888 indivi duals, that there is but one Incumbent to nearly 6,000 persons, and one hard-working Curate, sup posing all to be such, to nearly 12,000. Now I leave it to your Lordship to reflect whether this is an adequate supply (to use your own phrase) for the maintenance of true Christianity and the sal vation of souls, especially when so many of our Rectors confine their weekly labours to performing the Church service on a Sunday, and reading a dull I sermon. The ignorant and depraved state of too many of the lower order of Protestants in Ireland as well as England, ti e corruption of morals which disgraces all classes, arid the increase of crime, I which of late years has so much occupied publi c attention, stand forward convincing proofs of the absence of practical religion, and of the deficiency of that medium or channel through which Christian in struction oue . ht to flow. As for my being accused of calling the whole body of the Clergy griping and covetous, I here beg leave to say, I only made this charge against the worldly minded portion. From what I said of the pious, and virtuous, and spiritual clergy, I am satisfied they are convinced I had never any intention of bringing a charge against them, of which they are not guilty. Amongst the faults of, I fear, too many of the former—faults which have contributed much to alienate the affections of the la, and bers o e f v h o i t a he hsu,r ch o t o f o m England a;iy instances, out ofh driven e r pale, I e numerated covetousness ;and gigantic will be the task of him who attempts to prove this assertion ill founded. Your Lordship's instance of the Tithe Composition in no way weaken s my statement. The incumbents got as mach as they could, and I - find' no fault with them f o r doing so , and if one h a ppenedtn I be worse off for his bargain, another made a better thing of it. Local circumstances in certain cases regulated the conduct of so m e , y e t I never heard , one who had compounded compl a i n i n g, though 1 ' have known the parishioners in certain cases to had bewailed bitterly. The last point I am called on to notice, is yodi Lordship's denial that some of the Clergy of the Church of England are dissolute and immoral. V r i ll your Lordship, on cool reflection, repeat this ? Oh , but I see you now wish to limit your denial to Pet tions having been presented to Parliament agag* improper Clergymen finer Ireland. I have before said that I spoke at Cork of the Cleratgy f Ent' land awl Ireland collective/y, and it mteros little whether petitions be presented or not, if flagrant cases can be proved. I certainly shall not now tell all that I know, because truth is, rinprtunately,i n • this country declared to be a libel; but I do knoW some serious facts, and time may disclose mall more. Cases are from time to time "brought into the Ecclesiastical and other Courts, which prove my 94 : sertions to be true, whilst the apathy arising from ignorance, bribery, and corruption, often hinders crowd of other charges from being brought to Fe. The expense also of law proceedings, if I miettd c L e not, besides some other reasons, serve as impedr merits to the conviction of clerical immorality. As most unjust insinuations have appeared in some of the public prints against the Clergy of Cork' as a body, I must take this opportunity of saying, wish as much zeal and piety may be found in e ven part of his Majesty's dominions. Whilst I think We ;rave more decidedly religious men amongst th e Clergy of the city of Cork than in modern times falls to the lot of a town of its size and populatiot t, I feel no inclination to wink at the conduct of some in this county, as well as in other parts, who 1 1 ): Vier deserve the name of " hirelings" than of " goo° shepherds." havel onlyso explicit.to express I m h y av r e eg b r e e e t s a s e t y b e e r i e t/ thus obliged now to be called to account for doing that which I considere d bli to be a duty. lam sorry you should have been 0 fearful of being included among those who "en!' drink, and are merry," in this world—l can 04 assure your Lordship, you, as well as several OW virtuous and zealous Bishops, who hare long ly bowed in the cause of truth, were far distant fool my thoughts when I ventured to speak against tin s useless members of our Church Establishment. 13 14 there are some who oppose the march of vital re/i Rion—some who may even have the courage to se" sect there is little or no difference between Pro' testantism and Popery; and these require at least gentle shake of the shoulders to awake them from their timbering dreams. As for what the Dublin Post, or any other Pape r may say, I care nothing. Our object is to correct abuses and errors, and if this object can be obtained, " the Post" may scribble away whilst the good is doing. I have the honour to be, my Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient servant. (Signed) MOUNTCASHELL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRENCH PAPERS. (From the Gazette de France, Oct. 20.) PARIS, OCT. 19.—After quoting the observation s of the Constitutionnel on the mauifesto of the for ror of Russia, the Gazelle says— "We were well convinced beforehand that the Constitutionnel would not allow more moderation to the Emperor of Russia than it is used to allow to any other Sovereign. But the proofs which it bring to support its opinions are so false that we canno t dispense with refuting them. " It is certainly false that the Turkish province s are to be occupied for an indefinite time. The en' tire evacuation will take place immediately after th e payment of the indemnity. " The war contributi ut, far from being so co nsi' derable as was said at the beginning, has been et' duced by General Diebitsch, or will be so by hie Imperial Majesty. " There will be no castles occupied on the Be phorus either temporarily or indefinitely : the tresti is formal upon this point. " Lastly, the whole territory of Turkey is to b e evacuated, and the Ottoman empire, with the er ception of some places in Asia, remains as it ol e before the war. The article of the Treaty layil 4 down the limits, and which designates the Pruth o e that of the two empires to the North of the pit`'' cipalities, is an irrefrogable proof. Every one of the Liberal journals has to-day II" article against Russia and its Sovereign. Whethe r , this arises from concert or not,—whether the Cooli e Directeurs has given orders or not, it is n everthea less true, that this unanimity of sentiments 8 11 views in the organs of revolution is very remarkable, " There have been victories and conquests, afteer two long and sanguinary campaigns. Ought tb le conteq to be without any result for Russia? po body can think so ; least of all those who have bee° the most violent instigators of the war." (From the Constitutionnst) " This important document (the manifesto o f the Emperor of Russia) puts an end to all doubts, even those which arise from the defective date of tPi foot of the treaty. According to the manifesto, I was signed at Adrianople on the 2d (14th) of Sep' tembcr. The date of the manifesto of the peror of Russia is the 19th of September, corresponds to the Ist of October. " What then becomes of all the modificati on .. whist: our absolutists appeal to and hope for? li lle d; now talk no more about them; and even the (2 0 ,i dienne, outwardly disguising its mortification, d o i f not exhibit the text of the treaty : it contents it se , with a mere analysis of the articles. What rebl i ps (ion can the Sultan obtain from a triumph he sovereign, who tells him, in distinct terms, that ' extended his hand to procure peace ? A g o " In order to appreciate properly the preten, moderation of Russia, who has done no more tb exercise the prerogatike of a victor, it is d o ubt sufficient to read and understand the treaty a lrel published; but we should be better informed 501.: if we could know the contents of the thre e " cry treaties, what were the necessary, the indispensabl ; ccrd ccop;equetice of that of Adrianople. :c A s o state, ingacctoordvilat the E r n according to ou dents, and according to the facts which have reac he us, we are forced to conclude— "-glish German jourt c l o al r s re t ii h p e o o l ii( i sei 1.. That the first secret treaty certainly co ntsirl stipulations, by virtue of which the Russians vf . , / , retain military occupation of the Turkish provirli now in their possession, during a period which be equivalent to a permanent occupation. " 2. That by virtue of the second secret Treati; the war indemnity due to Russia is; much gre ste te than is stated in the princip a l, and that the P lo , would not be in a condition to pay it, even if was allowed a hundied years to free herself. ' oe " 3. That the third secret Treaty stipulates P 0.4, vtively the occupation of the two castles of the . 0 phorus until a petild which, in reality, will OP' just when Russia pleases. ari " Such conditions as these are worse than - • ..ar,OC actual incorporation of Turkey with Mto c r i j i tf Could the linen Sovereign, who extended his ha to obtain peace, hope for better ? • „ An is over then : the Grand Seignor is no sh p 0 more than the vassal of the Czar : the Ott° lll le empire has ceased to exist, and the Russian et n r i l lie extends henceforward beyond the shores of Black Sea and those of the Bosphorus. " This is what it has cost Mahmoud for li't e af f , to the advice and instigations of the British M O ."; he He threw himself into the arms of Etiglen" st. confided in the promises of the Cabinet I I James's ;—he has lost both his power throne !". (From the Quotidienns.) Jjpg GIBRALTAR, OCT. I.—The best undersk---1 he prevails between the Governor of our place ott:tri Commander of the camp of St. R ,che. Tile d o . invited our Governor to dinner a few (W.