The Sun. — London, England, 1858-04-24 00:00:00

TIER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.— Picoolomini, Belart, Belletti. THIS EVENING, S a turday, April 24, LA FIGLIA DEL REGISIENTO. Maria, Ficcolomini ; Tonio, Belart ; Ortensio, Castelli ; and Sargent. Sulpizio, Belletti. To conclude with the new Ballet Divertissement, 1337 H. lie.ssot, entitled CALISTO ; 013, LE RENVOI DE L'AMOI7II. The principal parts by Madlles. Pocchini,.Annetts, Pas quale, Morlacchi, Bioletti, P. Brown, La Petite Philipe, and M. Caron. A limited number of Boxes have been secured to the public. Price 21s and 31s 6d each, which may be had at the Box Office, at the Theatre. To commence at 8 o'clock. H ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE . LES HUGUENOTS. TUESDAY, April 27, and THURSDAY, April 29 (Extra Night), will lee repeated Meyerbeer's Grand Opera, GLI UGONOTTI. DRAMATIS PERSONR. II Conte di San Bris (Governor of the Louvre) Il Conte di Nevers Signor ALDIGHIERI. De Cosse Signor MERCURIAL!. Tavannes Signor ANNONI. De Retz Meru Signor CASTELLI. Head of Night Watch Raul di Nangis (a Huguenot Gentleman) Signor GIUGLINI. Marcello (his Servant) Margaritta di Valois (betrothed to Henry IV.). Madlle. ORTOLANI. Urbane (her Page) Dama d'Onore Valentina (d tnghter of San Brie) Madlle. TITIENS. Ladies and Gentlemen of the Court, Pages, Citizens, Soldiers, Students, Night Watch, Monks, Musicians, &c. Conductor, Signor ADRITL Ind the Ballet Divertissement CALISTO ; in which Mes dlles. Pocchini, Annetta, Bioletti, Pasquale, and Morlagehi will appear. App li ca tions to be made at the Box Office at the theatre. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee—Mr. J. B. Buekstone. Tom EVENING, to commence at Seven o'clock, with MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING. Alter which a Classical Extravaganza, entitled PLUTO AND PROSERPINE. Followed by JACK'S RETURN FROM CANTON. Orchestra Stalls (which may be retained the whole of the evening). Os. each. (No charge for booking.) First Price, s. d. Second price. s. d Dress Boxes 5 0 Dress Boxes 3 0 Upper Box.. . , ...... 3 0 Upper Boxes 2 0 .. . , Cailery ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE Proprietor, Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING, will be performed Skakspere's Tragedy of KING LEAR. King Lear, Mr. C. Kean. Preceded by SAMUEL IN SEARCH OF HIMSELF. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Lessee—Mr. Ben. Webster. THIS EVENING will be presented the drama of THE POOR STROLLERS, in which Madame Celeste, Mr. B. Webster, Paul Bedford, and Mr. Wright will perform. After which, a new operatic spectacle, THE CALIPH OF BAGDAD. The characters by Mr. Rolfe, Paul Bedford, J. Bland, and Misses Rochn, Keeley, and Arden. STRAND THEATRE.—Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanboreugh.—This Evening will be produced the new comedy. by Stirling Coyne, Esq., called NOTHING VENTURE, NOTHING WIN. Supported by Messrs. Belton, Ray, BeHort, Kinloch, and Miss M. Oliver. Followed by a new Farce, YOUR LIXENESS, ONE SHILLING. Messrs. Charles Young, Ray, and Miss M. Ternan. _ _ After which, the new burlesque of FRA DIAVOLO ; or, The Beauty and the Brigands. Fra. Davolo, Miss Swan barough ; Beppo, Mr. C. Young. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster - road. — OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The follow te? company of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of S 'leetlons from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS, CHORUSES, GLEES, D UETS, dr.c., viz. : —Miss Russell, Mrs. Badzey, Miss Brunell, Miss Ray, Madame Bartoletti, and MisiMontague ; Herr F. Jonghmans, Mr. Henshaw, 5, Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, Senor Antonio, E. L. Hime, Mr. Badzey, Mr. Edwards, Mr. Bell, and Mr. Bernard ; Messrs. T. Maclagan, W. T. Critchfield, John G. Forde, and E. Hackney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks ; harmonium, Master Williams ; Director, Herr F. Jonghmans. Commence at Seven o'clock precisely. Suppers, dia., until twelve o'clock. Mr. AUGUSTUS BRAHAM will appear every Evening. Mr. WOODHOUSE (by permission of Charles Kean, Esq.) will have the honour of introducing, every evening, his highly successful Performance on the new REGULATION DRUM. THE WEATHER—SUN OFFICE, APRIL 24. IHERMOMICTIR, IN THE SHADE. 66—highest shim noon yesterday. 52--lowest this morning and during the night, 65—this day at noon. BASOYSTIIi, 30.13—falling. Wrtro, variable, W. to N.W. ; rather fresh and squally, with fine weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tail DAY —Morn., 34 min. aft. 11—Even., 0 min. aft. 0 To-MORROW—Morn., 5 min. aft. 12 —Even., 25 min aft. 12 *., Ve, ) ,-, i t ,Til ts SA. LI , ~, j,', LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 24, 1858. The Government of India Bill (No. 2) has been withdrawn for the time being. It was, however, rather on a point of form than of substance, and there is every reason to hope that the new bill which is to be introduced, after carrying the reso lutions of which notice has been given, will be very similar in all points with that so ably brought forward by the Chancellor of the Exchequer. It will, in fact, be a twin sister, or what lawyers would term an " attested copy," of that which has already been brought under legislative con sideration. The reasons for permitting the order of the day to be discharged are plain and simple. Although Mr. DienAnLr at once acceded to the suggestion of Lord JoIN RUSSELL, as to the propriety and expediency of proceeding by resolutions sanctioned by a committee of the whole House, he still believed that such resolutions would be so far in accordance with the provisions of the mea sure, that it could be easily modified and rendered in accordance therewith. As Mr. DISRAELI truly explained, it was not with a vain desire to keep the Bill before the House, but because he wished to have an opportunity of supporting its policy, which had never been defended—in Par liament—although it had often been incidentally attacked. He had merely stated its provisions-- giving the House-and the People full time for be stowing thereon that calm and attentive consi deration which the vast importance of the subject so imperatively demanded. Hewasquite prepared to vindicate his plan, to prove that it was not one hastily or recklessly adopted, or in any material degree abandoned. It was not, however, desirable to bring heavy artillery to bear against those Singing tufts of grass, casting mud, or even dis charging puny pop-guns against it, and so the Right Hon. Gentleman bided his time, waiting for the fitting occasion when he would meet a worthy opponent. There was, however, a difficulty, a red-tapist difficulty that, according to usage, rendered it inex pedient to keep the measure in suspense until the resolutions had been carried, thus virtually found ing these resolutions on a pending bill, rather than a new bill on resolutions sanctioned by the House of Cumulous. This might have created a ba . d, precedent, and Mr. DISR,A ELI gracefully Yielded to the objection. But, as he stated, he hopes to have the opportunity of introducing a Lill in aceordanee with the spirit of the resolutions that may be carried, and we believe that it will not vary in any important point from the measure previously introduced--a measure which , in our humble judgment, was in ev er y respect b etter than That which Lord PALMERSTON still intends, if p os . Bible, forcing on Parli ament ; and whiob, if car ried, will effectually prevent the full Ministerial responsibility that is so essential, and which it ought to be the main object of Parliament to ensure. On Friday next the resolutions above referred to will be submitted for the consideration of the THE SUN, LON) D 7 O I'N, SATURDAY 1 4 :VENING, APRIL 24, 1868. House of Commons. There is no delay that can fairly be objected to in this. Mr. DISRAELI is prepared to meet his opponents face to face, and to discuss the important questions in all their bearings. We canaot conclude without directing attention to the petition from the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, which will be found in another part of our impression. The gentlemen by whom it has been signed are deeply interested in promoting the welfare and prosperity, both of England and of India. The arguments they have adduced for refer ring the measures of the present and thelate Govern ment to a Select Committee, are worthy of serious consideration. They of course desire, in common with every disinterested and unprejudiced person, that the Government should be transferred to the Crown, and that the Indian Minister, by what ever designation he may be known, may be as• sisted by a Council, the majority of whom may have a personal knowledge of India. And they desire that the electoral principle should in some dejree be adopted, in order to secure to some extent the independent character of that Council. The electors being parties who have held military or civil appointments, and also from European residents in the different Presidencies. The members of the Council should also have a better salary than that proposed, and not be debarred from sitting is the House of Commons. There are other suggestions worthy of notice, which may properly be canvassed on another occasion, before the question is fairly brought before the Legislature. The public will be delighted to learn from the statement of Lord DERBY last night that no exclusive privileges will be granted to Aus tria, or, indeed, to any party in the proposed telegraphic lines of communication with Alex andria. When the matter was lately canvassed we denounced the bare idea of granting a monopoly as preposterous and absurd. A monopoly implies a special benefit to one party at the expense of the others. And to give Austria, of all nations, a monopoly, were simply ridiculous. Other countries may display more of self than is consistent with fairplay, but Austria is the very :incarnation of covetousness and all uncharitableness—not even excepting Naples. Some of these days we may be at war with Austria, or countries nearer home, and to be dependent for our communication with Alex andria and India in such dilemmas were utter folly. No ! if other people can make telegraphic lines, so can we, and better lines too, inasmuch as we shall be independent of their encumbering help. We pointed out some time ago, that a line might be laid down either by way of Malta or Corfu ; but as the Earl of MA.LME6BURT stated last night, a line could be laid by way of Gibraltar to Malta, thus obviating every foreign obstacle to our despatches, Lisbon excepted. At any rate we are now in safe hands as to the fature, for no monopoly will be tolerated in a matter that concerns not only the best interests of the present generation, but those of our posterity. Last night a resolution was carried in the House of Commons, without opposition, for impos ing a duty of Id, on all cheques on bankers with out exception. It is said that the representatives of the moneyooraoy were primed and loaded, and fully prepared to discharge a volley of objections against the proposition, but somehow they all hung fire, and before any one could be induced to offer resistance the position was captured and the hostile flag floating over the bastion 1 Every impost is in some degree objectionable. It would, indeed, be a fiscal paradise in which there would be no taxation, where there was no debt to be liquidated, and there were funds in hand for the maintenance of the national establishments and the national defences. But in these days we can carcely hope for such an Utopia—ways and means must be provided. Every demand must be promptly liquidated, and taxation is a necessary evil. Whether the Financial Minister "strikes high or low" he cannot please all parties. The attempt would be as vain as that celebrated in nursL.,y fables as the story of " The Old Man and his Ass." The balance of inconvenience must be fairly apportioned, and that which is least onerous to the community at large impartially selected. We have no hesitation in asserting that there is no indirect tax against which fewer objections can be offered than one on cheques. Every such cheque represents some transaction ; and if the receipt stamp is to be maintained, it is only rea sonable that the purchaser should contribute equally with the vendor to the revenue in refer ence thereto. Each may be supposed to have pro- fited in some degree, and there should 11,/ reciprocity. No man would abstaidWrititrr business transaction because it would require: a "Queen's head" to be affixed to the epistle in. which he concluded it, nor would any man go to the trouble and annoyance of keep ing a large quantity of cash on hand because he might be compelled to expend a few coppers, which he would freely bestow on the first crossing-sweeper in avoiding the incon. venience. At all events, as all persons who can write cheques may reasonably be supposed to be amenable to the Income Tax, they will benefit by the reduction of 2d. in the pound, which Mr. DISRAELI has sanctioned, far more than they will suffer by the contemplated tax on cheques. As we have stated, " the nimble penny" has proved wonderfully productive. It is the prin ciple of "small profits and quick returns" which has proved so beneficial to all who have fairly adopted it. The Post-office and receipt stamps have proved its efficacy. But wherever an excep tion has been allowed there have been evasions. For all practical purposes, so far as the tax ou cheques were concerned, Liverpool or Man chester would be considered within 15 miles of Lombard -street. The extent of evasion may be estimated from the fact that during the last financial year 660,000 penny bill, or rather cheque stamps, were issued, while there were 73,400,000 penny receipt stamps. Under these circumstances, Mr. DISRAELI is fully warranted in calculating on at least 300,0001. for the revenue, without placing any serious burden on an y person who is not fully able to sustain it. We trust Lord DERBY will listen to the very temperate and anything but hostile Counse l s of Lord GREY respecting the Oaths Bill, and recon sider his declared int3ntion of vsting for the omission of the fifth clause. His lordship (x_ prcs3cd some regret at the thought of taking such a course, and well he might do so, since no pos sible practical good could result from if, and the theory of legislative purism is surely not worth fighting for—for nearly twenty-five years now— with the House of Commons and the country. The House of Lords is, in truth, now like a be sieged town, an English Kars ; it has done enough for its honour, and as it wili not have to surrender to Sepoys, buc, to honourable men, it is time for it to capitulate before risking the last political horrors. appeal, grounded, Lord. Dann— i e m d, us a t s f i e t el w t as he , f o o n rce co o n f sLidoerrdatGioßnEBYo'Si pure statesmanship. Lord GREY not only ab stained from denouncing as bigots those who took the view of the Premier ; but, he acknowledged so many difficulties in his own mind, as to ground his present strong desire to settle the question, on the political position of the question. Setting aside the merits of the case, that is, as they might he estimated by each indi vidual Lord, as a House, is it the consti tional duty of the small band of hereditary legislators to resist indefinitely the long and con stitutionally expressed wishes of the nation ? Is the House of Peers to be a governor or fly-wheel to the engine, regulating and checking the impul sive action of popular sentiment, and its mode rated influence on our very aristocratic House of Commons, or is it to be a permanent barrier against the long and soberly expressed will of the coup try In every way the country has spoken in a man ner to which the House of Peers is bound to listen, and to which, if it exists for the country, and not merely to def . / it, it must listen. The first city in the kingdom, the city whose hospitality alone, every Cabinet accepts, and would think itself slighted were it not offered—London--has for years sacrificed one of its votes in the House of Commons, for the single reason of placing its wish before the Legislature in the strongest form. The first constituency in the Empire—one hon oured, at least, with four members—one which represents all our great monied and mercantile interests—persists in telling the House of Peers that it cannot concede its right to elect a Jew to represent it in Parliament, as well as to represent it municipally at the Mansion-House. The succes sive Houses of Commons, returned under all conceivable diversities of circumstances, have remained faithful to the question of Jewish Emancipation, and by constantly increasing majorities have settled the question for that HOME'. ONE HUNDRED and FIFTY-THREE was the last of a long series of majorities for the settlement of this long-disputed question ; is it nut time then that we hear no more of it ? Is it decent for the House of Lords to resist the City of London, expressing as it does the feeling of all the cities in tho kingdom, and the House of Commons any longer ? Is it dignified ? Does it not represent their Lordships in the light of wilful theorists or purists rather than of statesmen. No one of them pretends that the least practical evil could result from conceding the Jewish demands ; op position cannot, therefore, be grounded on admi nistrative, political, or statesman-like reasons ; it can only result from the individual predilec tions of certain Peers, indulged in contravention of all public considerations. Lord DERBY should also consider his relation to the House of Commons. We do not wish to taunt him with being in a minority there ; we do not wish him to condescend to anything unworthy of his position. But we must think that, under all the circumstances, he might see in this conces sion to the Commons a graceful acknowledg ment for the fair way in which the majority of the House has dealt with his Government. It has tolerated no factious opposition ; on the contrary, it has refused, and, if fairly treated, will, we be lieve, yet refuse, to lend itself to any party scheme for overthrowing the Government of the Noble Lord. But the House has a right to ex pect a quid pro quo. It could hardly expect Lord DERBY to vote for the five points of the charter ; but here is a po7-te on which the Com mons of England have long set their heart—a point which they must insist on till they gain it, a point which the Peers must at some time, and soon, too, concede ; if, therefore, there be a case in which Lord D ERBY could with perfect honour, and in consistency with a Statesman's duty, con cede to the Commons, it is in the case of the Jews. We think the House of Commons has . deserved the concession at his hands. It would not be a bribe, or a bid for popularity, but an acknowledgment of fair support. An acknowledgment that neither the onslaughts of the Thunderer from without, nor the restless machinations of the Palmerstonians within, could induce the House to withhold from him that fair play which Englishmen delight in. The business, too, has reached the point in which the House of Commons will probably no longer tolerate inaction. It has been with diffi culty hitherto restrained from admitting the Jews by a resolution of its own. Indeed, if it does not do so, should the Lords refuse this bill, it will pro bably incur the contempt of the country. It will not be endured that our representatives should be bearded, year after year, by a few hostile Peers, worthy men, indeed, some of them, but the greater part of them hardly known, except to those who are familiar with peerage lists—mere voting machines for bye-gone prejudices. Is it worth ~Lord DERBY'S while, on their behalf, to drive the House of Commons now to proceed by reso lution, and to hazard another quarrel between the Commons and the Law Courts, in which the former must be victors ? For ourselves, should the fifth clause of the Oaths Bill te rejected, we should urge the Commons to seat Baron ROTHS CHILD by resolution, and to dare all the old impracticables among the Peers to do their worst. The country would certainly stand by the Com mons, and upset the men who may be very good theological Peers, but who would have proved themselves to be no statesmen. THE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY.—It was mentioned some days back that a pamphlet had been promised by Mr. Mowal, the late secretary of the Great Northern Railway Company, on the subject of the differences which resulted in his connexion with that establishment being terminated. It is now said that the couternWated publication will not take place at present, Mr. Mowatt having commenced an action against the company in the Court of Common Pleas for damages for wrongful dismissal.--Times. CRYSTAL PAL/VOL—The largest and purest gold nugget yet dkcovered will be exhibited to pubic view at the Crystal Palace on Saturday, the 1-t of May. It weighs 1,743 ounces 8 pennyweights, and is of the com puted value Of 7,5001. 10,000/. was offered for it at Melbourne. It was found at a depth of eighteen feet from the surface at Kingower diggings, a place in the B nriigo district, about 120 miles from Melbourne, by a party of four diggers, who have brought it to Eng land fur exhibition. One of the party will attend at the Crystal Palate daily for a few days, from and after the Ist of May, to explain particulars in reference to this most extraordinary specimen of our fenua deposit. NEW DUTIES ON IRISH SPIRITS. —After the 19A1 of April, 1858, th re are to be gran ed to h e r Majesty cer t sin addi:ional duties n spirits imported in•o Irel.nd— v a., on spirits not being SW 13 , t rued or mixed with any a title so that the degree of strength thereof cannot be Syltes's hydrometer; fo r r , ry gallon of ascertai ned strength b ef proof by such hydrometer, and so in pro ' portion for any greater or less strength than thestrength of proof, and f r a y greater or less quality than aga on, of and frrn a British possession in America or the island of Mauriles ; and rum of and from any British possession • i bin the liod s of the Eact India Company's charter, in regard to A II:eh the conditions of the Act 4th Vie tori s, cap. 8, have or shall have fulfilled, 8.. 21 per gr 1 lots ; and on nun, shrub, cordials, and liqueurs of and front a B:itish vo3session in Am••rica, or the island of Mauritius, or a British possession %ithin the limits of the East India Company's charter, qualified as afore said, Be. 2'. per gallon. A bill to impose these new duties on Iri .11 , p.rits is now before Parlament, and has already been real a first time. IRELAND.—Captain Mercer's Battery of Artillery ar rived at Ballionsilig on the 21st from Newbridge, hav ing marched in front Ferrnoy, 20 m il es . C o l . P arren ' s , C. 8., depot, consisting of the 47th, 481) 57th, and 9 9 t h depots, are ordered t o C or k from Fer Ly. A do t schment of the 17th Regiment will shortly embark for Canada. The opening of the ExhiLit . ion of th e I mper i al Horti cu Itural Society at the Palma de l'lndustrie h as b een definitively • fixed for the 12th May. That day will be reserved for the authorities , t h e ladle s patronesses, a n d the members of the society. The public will be admitted the day fo!lcwing and to the 27th incluerre! ATEST NEWS. INDIA AND CHINA. ALEXANDRIA, APRIL 20. The Calcutta and China mails, per Hindostan, leave this afternoon, with intelligence from Calcutta to the 23d of March, Madras to the 29th, Ceylon to the 2d of April, and Hong Kong to the 15th of March. The Bentinok, with extra ma is and passengers from Calcutta, arrived at Suez on the 14th. There is intelligence from Luoknow to the 22d of March. On the 20th Brigadier Campbell's force returned from pursuit of the enemy. Hutchison, of the Lancers, was dangerously wounded, and Cooper, of the Rifles, dead. On the 21st the Nombries (Nana's) retreat was stormed. He escaped, and a reward of 50,000 rupees is offered for his head. Outram's force had discovered and destroyed rebels in Lucknow, and the Prime Minister is among those reported as killed. Cape, of the 13th Native Infantry, and Thackwell were murdered by the enemy. Fanatics still fire on our troops. The Governor-General's proclamation calling on the Zemindars to submit had produced no effect. Oule is pacified, the enemy flying towards Sun deera. Jung Bahadoor goes to Allahabad. No civil officer had yet been sent to Lucknow by the Government. Some inhabitants were returning to the city. The heat was increasing daily. A telegram from Allahabad of the 24th states that Sir Hope Grant was sent on the 23d to dis perse a body of insurgents under Rajah Jajlal Singh at Karee, and returned perfectly successful. He took 12 guns. The Disarming Act was being enforced in the North-west provinces. The sentence on the King of Delhi had not ye' been made public. In the Calcutta Import Market British piece goods and mule twist had improved, but business in general was limited. The produce market was dull. Government securities had improved. Fours are quoted 18 die. Exchange on London, 2s. 11d. to 2s. 14d. for credits ; 2s. lid. to 2s. lid. for docu- ments. The Madr as i mport market was pretty active. Money r a th er less abundant. Exchan ge, documents 2s. lAd. 13 prominent Mexican Reactionista had been cap tured by Garz while attempting to band from the British mail steamer. Havannah dates at Charleston to the 10th inst. Sugar and molasses quiet. Freights dull. Ex change on London 60 clays', 11. premium. Money plentiful but trade dull. Current rates 6to 8 per cent. on good paper. Business in exchange limited, and prices lower, London, 82. to 9 per cent. ; France, sf. 15c, to sf. 18ic. The following are the latest quotations for stocks : —Virginia Sixes, 91; ; Missouri Sixes, 838 ; New York Centrals, 87. i ; New York and Erie Shares, 23i- ; Reading Railroad Shares, 481 ; Michigan Centrals, 651 ; Michigan Southern, 241 ; Cleveland and Toledo, 44i ; Panama Railroad Snares, 1074 ; Illinois Central Shares, 92i ; Illinois Central Bonds, 881 ; Chicago and R. I. Shares, 744 ; Milwaukie and Miss. 33 ; Galena and Chicago, 881; Lacrosse, 9 ; Del. and Hudson, 1061 ; Cumberland, 18. Cotton firm, at 12/ for middling uplands. Re ceipts decreased. Little inquiry for export. Flour, with large receipts, 10e. lower. Mess pork receded 10c. ; other kinds unchanged. Beef, ditto. Freights dull. LIVERPOOL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. TO THE HONOURABLE TIIE COMMONS OF GREAT BRI TAIN AND IRELAND IN PARLIAMENT ASSEMBLED, THE PETITION OF THE LIVERPOOL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE Humbly showeth, 1. Thatyour petitioners have always scrupulously abstained from interfering with the purely political, and party que tions ; but as the Lest interests of British commerce are closely bound up with, and must be directly affected by, the nature and cha racter of the Government of India, and the de velopment or non-development of the vast resources of that portion of our empire, they feel themselves bound to offer the following suggestions upon the propositions now before your Honourable House for transferring the government thereof from the East India Company to the Crown. 2. The propriety of such a change having been affirmed by a large majority of your Honourable House, your petitioners deem any expression of their opinion on that point uncalled for. 3. Your petitioners agree with the principle em bodied in both bills, and also in the resolutions now before your honourable house, that the Secretary of State to whom the Government of England may be entrusted, should be assisted by a council com posed of men, the majority of whom have a per sonal knowledge of India from residence in that country, but without limitation as to the particular locality of that residence. 4. Your petitioners are also of opinion, that to secure to some extent the independent character of the Council, as well as its efficiency in point of knowledge, the election of some of its members should be entrusted to persons who have previously held military commissions or civil app rintments in India in her Majesty's service or in that of the Government of India, or who may possess a direct interest, to an amount to be specified, in some property situate in, or charged, or se.eured on the revenues or territories of India ; excepting that no person should vote in respect of any civil or mili tary appointment until he had retired from active service. 5. Your petitioners deprecate, however, the extension of a similar electoral privilege to any of our Parliamentary constituencies, feeling satisfied that those bodies are neither sufficiently acquainted with, nor sufficiently interested in, the wants of India to qualify them for such a trust. 6. Your petitiousra further venture to suggest that, among the European residents at the Presi dencies of Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay, uncon nected with either of the services, constituencies might be found to elect a portion of the Conned— constituencies who would value the right of elec tion, and be guided, in their choice of members, by the true interests of India. 7. Your petitioners are of opinion that the small salary proposal in tie bills now before your Hon ourable House, for members of the Council, is cal culated to lower the dignity of the office in general estimation ; and that the amount thereof ought to be materially increased, or the position made purely honorary ; in which latter case, your peti tioners would suggest that the members of the Council should not he prohibited from sitting in the House of Commons. 8. It a'so appears to your petitioners that the Council should have more substantial powers than are proposed by any of the measures now before your Honourable House, and should accept a con current responsibility. It can hardly be doubted that the Secretary of State for Indian affairs will usually be selected more for 1 is weight and influence in Parliament than for his knowledge of India. Individuals deservedly distinguished as Indian statesmen, are frequently comparatively un known to political circles in this country, especially in time of peace, and they most commonly return home ignorant of parlia mentary usages and too little accustomed to ad dressing public assemblies to be eligible as the chief organs of Government on Indian affairs in the House of Commons. If tee knowledge of India possesse I by such men is to be made fully available, it must be by giving some real powers to the proposed Coursed of which it is to be hoped they will become members. Your petitioners are fully aware of the danger of unduly diminishing the responsibility of her Majesty's Minister for India by thus augmenting the powers of the Council appointed to assist him ; but they trust that the wisdom of Parliament may devise means of averting this danger,' and should it be incurred, they cannot but regard it as an evil some what less than the reduction of the Council to a position in which it might be capable of advis ing if called upon to do so, but would be wholly incapable of giving effect to its opinions. It may indeed be questioned whether the bast men would accept of seats at a board at which their united opinions were liable, at any time, to be wholly dis regarded, by a Minister who might possibly know less than any member of the council of the subject in question. 9. Your petitioners are further of opinion that it is a matter of vital importance to the interests of both India and England, that the patronage hitherto at the disposal of the Court of Directors should be transferred to the Council ; and that, in the event of appointments being distributed by competitive examination, the management of such examinations should be in the bands of the Coun cil. Your petitioners deeming it unwise to add to the excessive amount of patronage already at the command of the Executive Government. 10. In conclusion, your petitioners venture to express the hope that, at no distant day, some plan may be devised by whicwhicha portion of t h e propose d elective power may with propriety . be commi t t e d to the hands of natives of India, in combination. with European residents, if only by way of initiat ing a system of self-government, which may ulti mately relieve this country of the great danger ever attending an attempt to govern, entirely from with out, a distant people whose habits and opinions have so little in common with our own. 11. Your petitioners, however, dreading the effects of hasty legislation on questions of such vast difficulty and importance, humbly pray That the several measures bereinbefore mentioned may be referred to a select committee of your honourable house, and your petitioners will ever pray, Jsc. (Signed, on behalf of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce,) CHRIST. BUSHELL, President. ATTEMPTED ESCAPE OF A PRISONER FROM A RAIL WAY CARRIAGE.- Oil Toursday afternoon an accident of a fearful character occurred on the Midland Railway, be tween Roth well Haigh and Woadlesford, a few miles from Leeds. It appears from what we were able to as certain that, yesterday afternoon, the superintendent f the West Riding police, stationed at Knaresborough, arrived at the Wellington station , Leeds, in ch arge o f a prisoner named James Clayton, alias Laycoek, en route for Wakefield, the latter having been sentenced that day by the Knaresborough magistrates to three months' im f prieonment in the House of Correction on the charge of obtaiciag si, by false pretences from a lady at Low Harrowgate. They left Leeds by the 420 pm, up train to Wakefield and Barnsley, travelling in a third class carriage, and shortly after they had passed R ith wel Haigh, Clayton, who is a notorious character, suc ceeded in eluding the observation of the officer, and leaped out of the window. He fell upon his forehead on the space between the rails, rolling over with his body to the space between the down line, his legs remaining over the inner line f inetdi. • It is probable that he was stunned, if not disabled, by the fall, fer immediately afterwards the North-Eastern train from York, du: at L weds at 4.55, came in sight, and though the driver whistled and put on the break, the man remained ruotionieks, and the whole ( f the train passed over him. Toe train was stopped as se on as possible, and the driver and guard returned to the spot, when it was found that the poor fel , ow'e legs from a little belies , the knee had been cut off, the upper part of the body having gone under the carriages without sustaining any serious in jury. He was still alive when they got to him, though unconscious, and was placA carefully in the guard's van, and brought to Leeds. On the arrival of the train at Leeds he was removed to the infirmary, and received immediate attention ; but he was in such a state of pros tration from the shock to the system, that it was icapos sible to proceed with any surgical operation. Up to a late hour last night he was still alive and partially con scious, but there were only the faintsst hopes of his re covery. The officer returned to Leeds, by the North- Eastern express from York, arriving at the station within a few minutes of his rit,fortunao prisoner. We may add that not the slightest blame aetaches to the driver of the North-Eastern train, as he did not Fee the body uetd within for ty or fifty yards of it. —Leeds Mercury. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC AlvD THE CAUSE OF SARDINIA. LAMARTINE'S REPLY TO GEN. LA MARMORA. The Presse of Thursday publishes the following reply of M. de Lamartine to the late speech of General La Marmon, Sardinian 111ini.ster of War, i❑ the Chamber of Deputies at Turin : "Sir,—We owe respect to existing powers ; we have nothing but bad pleasantries for fallen ones ; such i 1 the maxim of certain statesmen on both sides of the Alps. I have not the honour to know General La Marmora. I believed him to be a serious man. Ile attributes to me to-day in his comic-heroic speech in the Turin chamber some absurdities and puerilities which one would blush to ascribe to an idiot of the Alps. According to this statesman, when in Ales.;andria in 1856, I mistook some Pieimontese sappers in their shirt sleeves for Austrians ; the chamber laughed, says the report of the sitting; it would have laughed a good deal more if it had known that I have never set foot either in Alessaddria or in Piedmont since 1822, when one of my intimate friends, General Marquis de Lauerges, commanded the garrison, and caused mo to admire the fine Piedmontese troops under his com mand. "According to the same General La Mariners, I re• plied in 1848 to an envoy of King Charles Albert, who sought of me French intervention in Italy :--'No, I wilt never suffer the Mediterranean to become an Italian lake.' Instead of laughing at this, the Chamber of Deputies at Turin ought to have been seized with great admiration at such extraordinary foresight ; for with what prophetic genius must he be endowed who could dread the monopoly of the seas by three steam frigates and the five or six brigs of the Sardinian navy in tie presence of the innumerable French and English vessels which covered the seas with the shadow of their sails. This almost equals the sublime foresight of that British newsinongdr who feared the monopoly of the ocean by the galiot of Sr. Cloud I There must be a great fund of credulity is a Minister of War of Turin who could seriously attribute such follies to a minister of the republic at Paris. The fact is that I never had any relations, official or non official, with King Charles Albert in 1848 but through the respectable and loyal Marquis de Brigno!e, minister of that unhappy prince to the French republic ; and if I had talked such stuff to that man of good sense and heart, he would have thought he was assisting in the congress of Charenton. "to speak seriously, all the foreign policy, irreproach able policy, of the republic while I directed it, was pro claimed in what is called my 'manifesto to Europe.' All the special policy of the French republic with regard to Piedmont, a policy which was scrupulously honest, consisttd in these two facts :—l. Not to advise King Char:es Albert to an offensive, inopportune, and ra-h war with Austria ; because a great P ower li ke F rance is morally and jointly responsible for the acts to which it has instigated an allied Power inferior in strength. 2. If Piedmont, badly advised, entered upon war, and if, after an impolitic aggression, it incurred dangers to its existence as an independent nation—to descend the Alps to its relief, and to take between Austria and it the position of an armed mediator. .Why otherwi se d i d I assemble the day after the revolution of February.the army of the Ales, if it was not for this policy ? Such is the whole mystery. " As to the policy of General Cavaignac after me I have not to reply thereupon. While respecting the motives which doubtless animated it, and of which I am ignorant, I said myself at the time that there was be tween my policy and that of General Cavaignac the width of the Alps ; that is to say, that he kept the army of the Alps on this side of those mountains, and that I would have placed it on the other; but to judge of the fidelity of the tribune recollections of General La Mar mora respecting General Cavaignac by those which con cern me, I little doubt that those recollections, upon .which I prejudge nothing, will one day be corrected or commented upon by those who are the natural guardians of that general's memory. lie is dead, but in history the tombs of such men speak best.—Receive, ‘` LAMARTINE, " Former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic. "Pariq, April 21, 1851." VISIT OF HER MAJESTY TO ALDERSHOT. Her Majesty, accompanied by the Prince Consort, Prince Arthur, and the royal suite, left London by the South- Western Rail way at five o'clock on Thursday evening, and arrived at Aldershot shortly after six. Her Majesty was received with a royal salute from the troops, who were drawn up in line in front of their cantonments. The royal party did not stop, but drove direct to the Pavilion, where they passed the night. It was fully understood that a grand field-day would have taken place yesterday, and in anticipation of a great influx of company, preparations of considerable magnitude had been made in the neighbour hood of the camp. The general orders, however, weie only issued for a parade and inspection without firing, to the disappointment of the public, and the undisguised satis faction of the troops, who looked forward with no sort of pleasure to a heavy field-d ay under a scorching sun, and amid never-ceasing clouds of dust. The' Queen arrived on the ground shortly before eleven o'clock, when her Majesty and the staff immediately rode slowly up and down the two lines, minutely inspecting the different militia regiments. The Queen ayes dressed in military attire, the scarlet habit with the general's sash, and the blue ribbon of the garter, with a plume of feathers in her hat. Her Majesty rode between General linolloys and the Prince Consort. The inspection having concluded, the Queen and the staff took up their position at the foot of a hill at the north side of tho valley, while the troops marched past in the order in which they stood on the ground. The regiments of the line, of course, bore them selves with the usual perfection of discipline, and the ad• mirable way in which the militia regiments acquit.ed themselves, and their soldierlike, and trim appearance was the surprise and admiration of all. Among the tine regiments the 21 Battalion of the sth Foot were especially conspicuous, from the red roses which both men and effacers wore in their shakos and on their breasts in honour of St. George's Day, whose name the regiment has always borne. The Kerry Regiment, though small in number, were also conspicuous among the Irish militia regiments for their perfect discipline. After the marching past, the troops broke up and returned to their lines with out any salute, and the visitors left the ground an , thing but edified by the result of the day's proceedings. Upon their return homewards a sight awaited them which in awful gran ieur and devastatinginfluenceput into the shade the mimic warfare which they had been witnessing. A fire, which hal originated among the furze on Frimley Heights, rapidly spread into some extensive pine planta tions, and in a short time the whole range of hills was wrapped in a sheet of flame for miles distant ; the gigantic clouds of smoke and sheets of fire could be seen rising from the country as from an extensive city in flames. Of course, nothing could be done to arrest the progress of the conflagration until it had consumed Pal the wood and furze land within its reach ; and as this would not involve the loss of any considerable amount of property, and would in other respects be quite harm less, those present looked upon the spectacle only in a picturesque point of view. After the troops had re turned to their cantonments, her Majesty and the royal party, returned to the Pavillion, where they changed their dresses and partook of luncheon. The Queen and the Prince Consort subsequently drove over the picturesque old domain of Farnham Castle, and paid a visit to the Bishop of Winchester there, and upon their return in the evening they drove round and inspected the camp and the new per manent barracks. In the evening the Queen honoured the amateur theatrical performance at the north camp with her presence. "A Wonderful Woman," and several other pieces, were very successfully performed. To-day thera will be a grand review and field-day, at which it is expected that Marshal the Duke of Malakoff will be present, at the conclusion of which her Majesty will return to town. NAVAL AND MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. THE SQUADRON OF REARADMIRAL CHADS.—The Re nown, Diadem, Curacoa, and Racoon, came into Ply mouth Sound yesterday, having been called in by the Lap wing, sent out for the purpose. The Gorgon, steam-vesel, Commander J. Dayman, this day received her armament from the Royal Arsenal, con sisting of two 68-pounders, four 32-pounders, and four small brass guns. Her crew is now complete, and she is fully rigged and ready for sea. Si'. is ordered to leave the harbour on Monday next for Greenhithe to adjust compasses and proceed thence to Plymouth, in order to join the Aga memnon, for the purpose of assisting to lay down the At lantic telegraph cable. Boilers and machinery for the following new steam ves sels will be forwarded from Woolwich forthwith :—Re venge, Plymouth ; Lien, Devonport • Orlando, Pembroke; and for the Aurora and Dragoon. The machinery has been manufactured by Messrs. Maudeley, Son, and Field. The Challenger, screw corvette, recently launched, is in a forward. state, and is expected to be ready for commis sion early in June. The Tiny and Midge steam gun-boats arrived at Ports mouth yesterday morning from Chatham in tow of the Adder steam vessel. The Flirt, Ready, and Thrush gun-boats are ordered to Portsmouth from Deptford. The Victoria and Albert Royal steam-yacht, Captain the Hon. Jos. Denman, A.D.C., will be docked next ‘Ved nesday, to be prepared for her Majesty's summer service. Th e half-yearly inspection of the c Ape of Royal Engi neers at Brompton Barracks, Chatham, is to take place to• (ley, the inspecting general officer being Lieutenant-Gene ral Sir G. A. Wetherell, K.C.8., K.II , Adjutant- General. The whole of the depots comprising the 3d Battalion of Infantry at Chatham were assembled on their parade ground, Brompton-huts, on Thursday afternoon, for the purpose of hearing read the sentence of a district court martial recently held at Chatham garrison on Colour-Ser geant Robert Bond, 70th Regiment, on a charge of deser tion from the depot of his corps at Chatham. For this charge he was sentenced to be reduced, in the presence of the whole battalion, to the rank and pay of a private. The sentence of the Court having been read by the Adjutant the prisoner was marched to the front, when Lis " stripes" were cut from his arm in the presence of the troops. The prisoner has been branded with the letter " D." Orders have been received at Chatham for the following East India depots to furnish reinforcements for °what ke tion for India :-Bth, 10th, 19th, 20th, 23d (Royal Welsh Fusiliers) 24th, 29th, 321, 35th (Royal Sussex) 43d (Light Infantry), 52d (Light Infantry), ' 3,1 , Gist, 70th, t 7 o s te B n i n st inb S e i r th of a i n i3 d ar 9 l l ; ll l,7o g o i'l m je e n u ts ,. reinforcements, exi cot :d to embark at Gravesend on the let of May. HERR JOACHIM.—This great violinist has just arrived in L ,ndori, where he has not been beard f several years. He is to make his first appearance at the Phil harmonicConc,rt on Monday next, when he will perform Beethoven's violin Concerto, together with the singular piece which everybody has heard about, but few have 1 sLened to—Tartini's famous "Sonata del Diavolo," consisting of the great old master's reminiscences of a dream in which the Devil entertained him with a solo on his own instrument. This sonata, of enormous difficu . lty, is esteemed th e mos t or i g i na l and imaginative of Tartan's compositions. CHINA. Canton co . ntinues tranquil. An imperial edic was received on the 6th of March. Yeh's conduct is condemned. He is degraded, and a succemor appointed. The latter is to settle disputes with the barbarians, who, excited to wrath by .Leh, had entered the city. Lord Elgin and his colleagu©s had left for the North, th e former on the 3d of Marcb. The Inflexible, with Commissioner Yell, had arrived at Calcutta. At Hong Kong business in imports wai inactive Exchango-4s. 843. to 4s. 93. SBANGHAI, MARCH 9. Shirtings in active demand. Raw silk dull. Exchange-ss. 110. to Gs. for credits. The decrease in exports of tea to Great Britain this year is 5,549,4001 b. Prices continue well supported. Stooks not heavy. TURIN, FRIDAY. The prolonged debate on the Conspiracy Mil ,is at length closed, and the measure has been adopted by a majority of 129 votes against 29. Accounts from Constantinople state that the Porte has addressed a note to the Viceroy of gypt, blaming him for having written a letter in favour of the Suez Canal scheme, and enjoining him to abstain from such a course in future. It is thought that there will be a change in the Embassies at Vienna and St. Petersburg. FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY. The Moniteur of this morning contradicts the rumours set about by persons who wish to main tain disquietude. The Paris correspondence of the Independance 8e19 , 0 says, that great maritime armaments are being prepared in Franca. This is entirely untrue. There is not the slightest change in the estimates of the Budget as settled and made public for 1858 and 1859. The report of M. Devinck upon the Budget has produced a favourable effect, inasmuch as it insists on the necessity for arriving at an equilibrium in the budgets, without being obliged to apply the, Sinking Fund to the purpose of covering deficit. BOURSE, April 23.—The following were the closing quotations :- 4i per Cents 93 Do. en , l month 93 7 3 per Cent. ..... ..• 69 0 9 Do. end month 69 30 Bank Sh tres Credit Mobilier 77 i Do. Account 7BO Credit Foncier Belgian 4z Piedmontese (5) — Roman . Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt — FOR CASH. RAILWAYS.. Orleans Northern New Ditto 770 Lyon and Aleditaran. 805 New Ditto 767} Geneva Midi Western 6176, Strasburg Grand Central Sardinian Austrian NAPLES. I believe, says the Paris Correspondent of the Morning Post, I am correct in saying a telegraphic cAnmuuication must have reached London inform ing her Majesty's Government that the King of the Two Sicilies has no intention of allowing his Cabi net to entertain the demand made for indemnifica tion in the case of Park and Watt. A PIE R I C A. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY. The British and North American royal mail steam-ship Persia, Capt. C. H. E. Judkius, which was to sail from New York, for Liverpool, on Wed nesday, the 14th ins'., arrived here this morning. She has brought 6,979 dollars in specie on freight. Tile Persia passed the Hyndford and the Annie Laurie, and, on the 20th, a screw steamer, bound for West Africa, The S. G. Gl over, E noch, Train, an d A c hill es , from Liverpool at New Orleans. The Henryandria. Harbeck, from Liverpool, at Alex- The Virg Nicholas Curwin, from Matanzas, for Falmouth, at S avanna h , l ea k y . The Speed, f rom L i verpoo l , at M o bil e. The Saladiu, screw stQamer, from Liverpool, Ar,e., at Asp nwall. Toe Maize, from Aspinwall, for Liverpool, at S The .steatn-ship City of Wa3biogton, hence, had arrived out. The Senate had agreed to a Committee of Con f,ftonce from the House on the Kansas Bill. The passag e of the Deficiency Approprittion Bill had been announced to it. Advices ha I been received California, via Aspin wall, to the 22d of March, and 1,352,912 dols. in specie. The Sonora had arrive.! at Panama with $1,664,930 in specie. Advices without interest. Advces had been received from Vera Cruz to the 7th inst. General Osollo, acting in behalf of the Zulaga Government, had taken the city of Guadal- Tani, cApturieot the entire government of Juarez. Osollo was on his way to the city of Mexico, and would probabl y b e declared Pres id ent of the Republic. Vera Cruz held out; f.,r the Juarez patty. Tampico was besieged by General Garza. THE LATE ROBERT STEPHEN RINTOUL. (From the Daily News.) The death of Robert Stephen Rintoul leaves a gap in the ranks of English journalists that will not easily be filled up. The daily preSs, owing to the necessarily large number of collaboratcurs, and the haste with which much cf the labour is perf :rmed, affords comparatively little scope for the display cf individual character. But in the weekly press an editor of an original and energetic turn of mind, unavoidably stamps his own impress on his journal. And yet it is of comparatively few of the editors of our weekly newspapers, since the commence ment of the present century, that this can be said. William Cobbett, the brothers Hunt, Albany Fon blanque, and he whose unexpected loss has sug gested this remark, are prominent among the dis tinguished few. For some thirty years, the Spectator has taken a high rank among our most iefluenial newt papers, and that it bas done so is owing, in an great measure, to its having been so accurate an impression of the mental and moral character of its editor. In the news department the Spectator has been unrivalled ; its successive volumes f irm an invaluable " Annual Regis ter," from the date of its first appearance. And its dissertations on the topics of the day—literary, social, and political—have been uniformly characterised by a singular independence, perspicacity, and impartiality of judgment. This was in part owing to the indefatigable efforts of the editor to secure able coadjutors, but still more to that indefatigable labour which made him the informing spirit of ;every part of his journal. He sug gested the papers, he supplied suggestions as to the mode of treating them, he carefully and critically analysed every article, and urged its writer to revision with a view to make it as perfect as possible. In the news department there was the same labour ; in the selec tion, condensation, and arrangement of the intelligence he took an active and unwearied part. He was em phatically a man of action : ever ready to co-operate with any one for the promotion of a good object zealous to the last degree in the assertion of hie, in. dependpnce. The talent and energy he evinced, in con ducting a Liberal journal —at a time when snob an empleywent was vastly more dangerous than now —in the north of Scotland, attracted the notice of the late Lord Paninure, Dcugias Kianaird, and other distinguished Liberals, with whom ho became inti mately associated. It was, we believe, mainly at the instigation of Douglas Kinnaird that he re paired to London, where, after successfully establishing the Atlas, he, in consequence of some misunderstanding with its proprietors, separated from the concern, and founded the Spectator. This journal, in conformity to the spirit of the time—when the temporary calm pro. duced by the fusion of parties under Canning had not entirely disappeared —was intended at first to be a family, or non-political paper. When, however, the Reform movement which followed the French Revolu tion of 1830 commenced, Rintoul, after mature delibera tion, threw himself into it with his whole heart, and might justly lay claim to be considered as one of those whom at effectually contributed to its success. There is not one important reform—social or political—that has since been achieved, in the discussion of which the Spectator did not take a prominent part ; but perhaps i;s most especial merit was the zeal and ability with which it ex pounded and promoted the principles of systematic colonisation. In this field of social effort Rintoul is entitled to the praise of having been the first to adopt • the views of that truly original thinker, Edward Gibbon. • Wakefield, and to have contributed —with perhaps the exception of the late Charles Buller —more than any nun to the full and clear development and application of these principles. Tine uncompromising independence of the course he pursued in politic; and perhaps some thing of A tardiness i nature, Which often leaves the histor n y unspoke That it intends to do, often exposed Rintoul and his journal to uncharitable a-id acrimonious attacks ; but they who have most steadily and perseveringly watched his career are most entirely convinced of his integrity and usefulness; and those who have been brought most closely into conection with him retain the most lasting impressiws of the true and tender kindness which in him was partially cloaked by a somewhat rough exterior. For thirty years it has been our privilege to know Robert Stephen Rintoul-- ,for part of the time most intimately —and a more just arid shrewd appreciator of men and things, a more honest • and sincere man, and a more kind and trustworthy friend, we have never known. NEW PAYING-00T MACHINERY OP THI4 ATLANTIC TELEGRAP.Ef. An inspection of the new machinery designed for the paying out of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable will amply repay scientific curiosity . Nothing apparently can work more freely and admirably than the whole apparatus. We understand that it has been inspected by some of • the first mechanical engineers, who have expressed their unqualified approbaCon of the arrangements which have been made to avoid all the untoward accidents to which the cable may be subjected. Our readers will remember that it was owing to some Meet in, or mismanagement of, the paying -out appara tus that the failure in laying down the cable last year • took place. The tension to which the cable is subjected in paesing out of the ship, is owing to the weight of that portion which has not as yet touched the bottom and constitutes the force by which the other portion is un- coiled from the wheels or drums over whieh it is passed in its evolution from the hold of the ship. The greater this tension, the greater the speed with which it pans out of the ship, if means be not taken to chec its progress. Mechanical aids were devised to obtain this check, and accommodate the paying out of the cable to the rate of the ship's motion. These consisted of friction drums, so appointed as to retard the progress of paying out. The friction being regulated by breaks, as the ship rose and fell with th e sea , th e pressure on the cable wag necessarily increased or diminished. When the swell caused any sudden descent of the stern of the vessel, it was necessary to ease the breaks. In the old machinery the handle of the break could be turned so as either to increase or diminish its power. The man in charge of the break, instead of turning, so as to ease it, is supposed, in the excitement of the moment, to have turned it the wrong way. Thus the fatal rupture was made. To ob viate such a calamity as this, for the future the whole paying-out apparatus has been remodelled. The breaks man can ease the retarding apparatus, but can add nothing to its power. Any addition to the frictional re tardation can only be made, and with the full cogni sance of, the principal engineer in charge. The friction breaks are applied to the circumference of wheels firmly attached to the axles of the paying -out apparatus. They are self-adjusting breaks invented by the ingenious Mr. Appold, to prevent prisoners condemned under the system of crank labour from having more than their fair share of work to do. This contrivance has been adapted to the paying -out machinery by Mr. Field, of the firm of filaudslay, Sons, and Field. The details have been brought into working order and numerous mechanical - lifficulties overcome by the zeal and energy of Messrs. Bright and Everett, aided by the great experience of Mr. Amos as a practical mechanician. The paying out apparatus consists of two large wheels, `.he circumference of which are indented by four deep ermves. Both wheels are of the same diameter. One ie placed at a little distance from the other, both in the same plane and with their axles parallel to each other. The axles of these wheels work in a stout and firm frames e hich is so constructed as to resist any tendency of the cable to draw the wheels towards each other. The cable after coming out of the hold of the ship in which it is coiled, is passed over the first groove of one wheel and then over a groove of the other, until the four grooves of each wheel are occupied. Each wheel has its circum ference passed over by four portions of the cable, each portion of course increasing the friction or bite of the cable on the surface of the wheel. This is sufficient to prevent the cable from slipping over the surface of either wheel without causing it to revolt e. Any means which can be devised for checking the re' volution of the axle or the wheel will retard the motion ' of the cable over its circumference. For this purpose• two friction-wheels, or drums, are firmly fixed to the axle of each wheel. These drums, whose external cir cumference is of plane iron, have a band to which wooden blocks are attached, which, by means of levers, can be made to clasp the surface of the drum. The frictiorebreak thus consists of a surface of wood pressing on a surface of iron, with a pressure which can be in creased at the will of the engineer. The clasping appa ratus is regulated by weights attached at the end of rode, which act so as to tighten or loosen the break. The rode work in pistons, so as to keep the action of the weights always in the proper direction, irrespective of the motion of the ship. Tian heat produced by the friction of the break is kept from rising to any injurious height by a portion of the drum revolving in a constant supply of cold water. The weights by which the friction ofithe breaks is regulated are fixed to the rod, so that they can only be increased or diminished by the principal engineer. The friction or retarding force is thus so far self-adjusting that it can never be increased except by the engineer allowing addi tional weights to be attached to the rods. With one exs ception, it is constant. This exception is, that at any instant when req u i re d, th e w h o l e frictional of the break can be immediately eased. The cable, after passing four times round each of the wheels of the paying•out apparatus, passes under a grooved wheel or pulley, the axis of which is attached to a weighted rod waning in a piston. This grooved wheel is so arranged that it can rise or fa 1 in a frameworks according as the tension of the cable which rues under its circumference, arid over another fixed pulley, by which it passes out of the ship, is greater or less than the weight sf the pulley and its weighted rod. This apparatus is in point of fact a dynamometer, which marks the tension of the rope as it is being payed out of the ship. This tension is indicated by a p o i n ter, which marks on the graduated frame of the pulley the position to which its axis is raised or depressed. A roan stands before this, in charge of a wheel, by turning the spokes of which ho can immediately take off the pressure of the fixed weights on the break apparatus, and ease the whole the moment a dangerous degree of tension is indi cated by the index of the dynatnotneter, but the ape's' ratus under his charge cannot by any perversity of fear or stupieley be made to apply any greater strain then the engineer may think expedient and safe. He can thu s instantly ease the breaks, but cannot comm i t the fat al error at a wrong moment of increasing their power. We sincerely hope that these improvements in the paY' ing-out apparatus will be found to work so successful!): in practice as to conduce to the success of the In" t gigantic mechanical and scientific experiments of the. age. The Treasury, in reply to a memorial from 11 6511- ehEster, have &a be d to ikstie five shilling B ° ' ,d pieces, on the g roun d o f the pro b a b le deterioration o f the coins. Other I Notes The ton on 16,60( many The ateadil mainte bales, for exr firm al thin e t Sine, have t 16 ) 5 734 reot fro Week e: Got The buoyan tuaines vent s f"roura n l : 4l:ll r B.:lbdi ' d l er m itril l ia t tt :: o B ° ll :l:t 4 . a Per sto( B ro• tell, , ev, : . 1 4 ir,: t tl , c l in te tioix B tuall q i 'Mt% 1 , PRicr a Ditto 3 "" 4 01los A: " mean A ~ 3 l ib mitt () A ..ert o ,4., e ort ..... a . ugues .r4i nian ; Dittol t Ditto A i Wedi s i, V goe -. 1 4 I)lttlioeL CO %2 17 at tb " mium . tbi 34 . :_tw erp Crti el 4h ont rgh l a s L e fe e4 h 4 es tirdoasx l i t sr ef i kjort-i g e te ate.: kl , nitul; q b a m t goireo.na. MINES w ork, ket., l h e in 14 11 1 b ra ac ish ates een 4 " V al r 'lvid, gambl e 1 4 A 4( u —a rk - 4 to o l et ;, ;et, 215 1 ki 2 t t o to u 2p 1 1P 4te % la ( d ! to 1( (4 man lc ateta, ' Con o , bitto Actil Burn, Rest Publi 1 Other Seven Goya Silt'