The Sun. — London, England, 1869-01-04 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TEE PUBLIU JOURNALS. The [Timm obseries that it ill not many weeks - since whole districts in Wales and ira Scotland were rejoicing at the coming of age of a young nobleman. The young Marquis . of Bute, with £300,000 a year, appeared as a kind of sovereign potentate with none but administrative duties to perform, but having simply to do the best he could with his vast revenue. The marquis for the moment became a public institution. The question, " What will he do with it?" could only be answered by the martinis himself, and if the young man had possessed any prudence it would have been a long time before he quite mace up his mind upon that question, much more before he let any one else into the secret. The announcement that the marquis was on Christmas Eve formally received at Nice into the Roman Catholic Church has again set an tongues talking. Coming so soon after the late provincial festivi ties, the event seems likely to be treated as of more importance than really belongs to it. Some good Protestants will, perhaps, see in it another in stance of the awful subtlety of the Roman Catholic priesthood, and of the rapid advance of the Pope towards supreme domination. More, perhaps, will regret the example, at d anticipate injurious results. Some will regret the loss of the interest, and not a few the loss of the money. Others, however, will be chiefly sorry for the marquis himself, and we hope it is neither presumption nor discourtesy to enrol ourselves in the latter class. What is the real significance of such a perversion ? We know the marquis is very rich, but we have no evidence that he either is very learned or very wise. The presumption from his hasty change of faith is against it. The consequences are not likely to be of much importance. It may be doubted whether a young man who has changed his religion with this facility is made of the stuff which has much personal influence over other men. As for his wealth, the Roman Catholics are no more in want of any addition to their wealth than our own Church. They could have done very well without the Marquis of Bute, just as we shall do very well without him. It is but a few thousands a year more orless to the two communions, and that is not a matter of much consequence to either of them. In fact, whereas a few weeks ago we heard that the marquis had just entered upon his inheritance of wealth and power, we are disposed to regard the present news as simply an announcement that he has thrown a considerable portion of his power away. For this reason, as we have said, we are sincerely sorry for him, and he appears to us the prin cipal person for whom it is necessary to be sorry. At an age and under circumstances when delay would have been only natural and becoming, he has taken a step,' in some respects irretrievable, which cuts him off in a great measure from his natural associations, which will probably throw a shadow, at least for a a time, over the hearty confidence with which be was recently welcomed in his little principality, which will, in a word, prevent his feeling as much at home as he would have otherwise felt. We are, therefore, sorry for it ; but, having said that, the less said the better. The marquis is going to the Holy Land, where for the time he will be quite out of the world, and the world for the present, therefore, need not trouble itself about him. When he returns, we shall probably have more important matters on band, and we shall scarcely be conscious of the simple fact that there will be one Roman Catholic more and one Protestant less in these populous realms. The Post adverts to the cruel murder of another land lord in Ireland. The year which has closed has been marked by more than one of those painful occurrences se deeply to be deplored. The day of the arrival of the Prince and Princess of Wales Mr. Featherstonhaugh was assas sinated. Mr. Scully's unwise attempts to effect his pur pose created great disturbance in the autumn, and at the close of the year we hear of the attempt to shoot one land lord in Meath and the murder of another landlord in Tipperary. It is easier to understand the practice of agrarian assassination in Ireland than to suggest means for its suppression. The problem, therefore, which we have for solution in Ireland seems to be how we can best induce an intelligent cultivation of the land, with security of life to the landlord and of his capital to the cultivator. The question is too complicated to bring within the limits of a single article, or to settle off-hand on false or imperfect premises, but it is the question which sleeps at the root of these agrarian outrages, and until some solution is found for it we may expect the occasional recurrence of violence ; but the bloodshed which has marked the close of the agricultural year in Ireland speaks of a-revival of passions easily awakened by any stimulus from without, and particularly so when the ashes of a decaying antagonism are raked over by the hand of a philo sopher. The Herald observes that the first edition of the parlia mentary calendar, as it may be termed, has been issued, and the programme is so vast and various that we hardly know how the Premier will find time or opportunity for his projected legislation. At the opening of every new session, and especially of every new Parliament, there is a'ways a sudden blast of notices of motions affecting most institutions of state ; but this year the influx is extraordi, nary. There are warnings of amendments and debates with regard to the ne vv Reform Bill, which are out of all har mony with our hopes of a final settlement. On ahem matters there are one or two sinister suggestions. Mr. Maguire, who is supposed to be deep in the confidence of the Administration, has given notice of his intention to move for a select committee to inquire into the management of the Irish estates of certain London companies, with a view to the annulling of their charters. Mr. Fawcett wishes for an Act to diminish the expenses of candidates at elections, a good object in its way, but we have had too much of candida tures in forma pauperis. Sir Massey Lopes promises to forde an investigation into the whole quality, character, and, distribution of local rates. Again, Sir James Elphin stone will call attention to another public department, and inquire why so sweeping a discharge has been made of artisans from her Majesty's dockyards in a period of grievous distress, and when it is perfectly notorious that the full complement will once more be needed before long. And Mr. Corry asks for a committee to decide upon the policy of maintaining effective naval forces in distant seas. As for that African fleet, which costs us more than a million sterling a year, and which is a flotilla of coffins, the sooner it is wiped off from our accounts the better; but in the Mediterranean, in the Indian Ocean, upon the Arabian Sea, and throughout the highways of commerce across the Atlantic and Pacific, we hardly expect the committee will say that the British colours ought not to be periodically seen. However, this is among the subjects of interest which are down on the list for the Session of 1869—pace disendowment. The Daily News observes that we have now reache4 a point at which it is proper to review the position and prospects of the religious party directly affected by the judgment of the Privy Council. The decision of the Court of Final Appeal has accorded with the wishes of the Evangelical party. At the root of the main peculiarities which characterise the Ritualist service lies the doctrine that the principal act of Christain worship is a true sacrifice offered up on a true altar by a true priest. Everything that startles the unaccustomed eye at a church like St. Alban's is intended to symbolise this belief. For this end the candles have been lighted and the incense burned. Will the service as settled by the Privy Council be incompatible with this theory of worship ? No doubt if any one holds that light or a par ticular gesture at a particular moment is of the essence of the sacrificial idea, such an inconsistency will arise. But to any one who does not take this narrow view the proceedings at St. Alhan's will continue to express as nearly as possible what they expressed before. The most careless spectator cannot confuse the gorgeously vested altar which is the central feature of the entire building with the unimpressive communion table which retires modestly behind the towering pulpit of a typical Evangelical church. The character of the priest is equally marked by the distinctive vestments which are associated in ,the popular mind with the sacrifice of the mass. The nature of the act which is being performed is shadowed forth in the position of the celebrant and in the reverential attitudes of the assistant ministers. It is true those who are familiar with the service will miss some favourite features.. But .all that remains will he of the same character as. heretofore, and if any of our readers differ from us.as to what this character is, we recommend them to wait untillegal notice of the judgment has been served on the• St. AlLan's clergy, and then go and: see for themselves. • The Star remarks that it is a novel proceeding for the Ambassador of a great Power to address great assemblages of working men in the capital of the country to which he is accredited. Mr. Johnson has witnessed the election and knows the conditions under which it took place. He advises the masses to appreciate the power they possess, and to wield it conscientiously and consciously. "Do not believe," he says to the working men, "that there is any difference between your skulls and those of other people," and he illustrates by the story of the abolition of slavery the wide application of this principle, and the great sum of g - od for which it stands in the general scheme of Providence. Altogether, the speech was as in _ s!ructive as it was bold. Happily, the great mass of the people of this country do not need an y inducenmnt to make them think well of and nisi; well to the - United States. They have never shared the bigotries and suspicions of " those who are in one sense su pposed to be above them." And, having now obtained distinct place in the councils of their country, they are not likely again to let any minority confuse the world by misrepresenting the judgment of England. But these millions are as soundly Liberal in home politics as they are kindly in their feelings towards other free commum- ties. And—whatever may be said of the etiquette of Johnson's speech—the workmen of this country will be all the more determined to avoid misunderstanding America now they _have discovered from Mr. Johnson's 4904 iiigf 1 7 94 an Amerman call m444'04141 England. MISCELLANEOUS IVEWS. SACRIFICE TO BACCRI7W. The Lancet, by the aid of the house surgeons of tha various metropolitan hospitals, is able to present its readers with the number and nature of the acci dents due to drink which were treated in those insti tutions during Boxing Day and night. The total number was 181, including thirty-eight fractures of various bones, the fractures of both bones of the leg very largely preponderating, and broken ribs coming next. COMIUNICATION BETWEEN PASSENGERS AND GUARDS. It will be remembered that a few weeks ago a general meeting of the managers of the principal railways ran experimental trains between York, Malton, and Scarborough, to test the South-Eastern, the London and North-Western, and the North- Eastern methods of obtaining communication between passenger, guard, and driver in railway trains. The plan invented by Mr. G. Brown, of the North -Easte-n, it is understood by the Railway ,Peres, was generally approved, the chief objection being that, as the whole apparatus was outside, it necessitated the opening of a window to reach it. This has been remedied, and the signal is now within reach of any passenger in each compartment. By pulling a handle, a depression is caused in the cord which passes over the doors of the carriage the whole length of the train, the jerk at the same time throwing out a small red semaphore to indicate the compartment, ringing a bell in the guard's van, and blowing the driver's whistle on the engine. On Thursday an experimental train fitted with the new arrangement ran to Scar borough. The plan is extremely simple, and seemed as perfect as anything could be hoped for, and will be recommended to the Board of Trade. The applica tion of some plan becomes compulsory, in April next, under the Act of last session. THE ATLANTIC AND GREAT WESTERN RAILWAYS. The Railway Nezas thinks highly of the lease arrangements entered into between the Erie and the Atlantic and Great Western Companies. Evi dence of the value of the agreement is afforded by the fact that the steamers belonging to the company which ran on Lake Erie from the port of Dunkirk, the terminus of the Erie Railway, have now been removed to Cleveland, the terminus of the Mahoning Valley branch of the Atlantic and GreatWesternßailway. The effect of this arrangement is to throw upon the Atlantic and Great Western a very large amount of additional traffic. Great alterations are also to be carried out in regard to the cattle and mineral traffic, and already the effect of the new arrangement is tell ing very fiwourably on the receipts and position of the property. The funds are all in hand for meeting the engagements of the company under the new organisation of its finances. On the return to England of the financial agent of the company, steps will be taken for the payment of the over-due coupons, and for distributing the funds in the hands of the trustees of the debenture-holders. The traffic of the line for the last two weeks shows an increase of 37,000 dols., of which 15,000 dols. were due to the last week in November. and 22,000 dots. to the first week in. December. THE DIatBY DIFFICULTY. Mr. Studd and the Epsom Course Committee are still at issue. The Sporting Magazine hopes the latter will stand their ground firmly, oven if the Derby has to be declared off, and that they will give a £2,000 Plate in its place round the new course. The demand that they should sign a lease for twenty-one years, at £2,500 fox the first year, and £l,OOO for each of the others, is an outrageous demand, which every turfite should help them to resist, and it does not make it any better that Mr. Studd should offer to give half of it in the first year to a stake. Mr. Briscoe, M.P., the present lord of the manor, is opposed to such a step, and all the Precedents to which it would give rise. If he were to die, they know nothing about the terms they might make with his successor. They might not have the Downs at all, and yet be hampered with a £l,OOO a year rent till 1888. They have made a very han-isome offer to take Mr. Studd's part of the course for £750 a year, for five years certain ; th e n i ne t y - n i ne years lease to be determinable after that at a year's notice. Mr. Studd has every reason to be satisfied. He got his new estate entirely out of his Salamander winnings, and he has rewarded the British public for the money he got out of them by being the indirect author of a ketter Derby course. The doubt which hangs over vhe Derby of the next two years should he promptly set at rest, and it certainly seems the duty of the Jockey Club to move in the matter. SPAIN. Whilst the Provisional Government can harilly find money for its most pressing needs, the local authorities find little difficulty in borrowing. The Paris firm of Erlanger has advanced the sum of 700,000 to the munici pality of Madrid. The rate of interest is 7A, and the time allowed for redemption is saventy years. This loan is for the benefit only of the city of Madrid. The municipal authorities can obtain money at 7 per cent. because they can offer security for it; but the Government cannot realise above one-fourth of its loan, at 10 per cent., be cause it is not so firmly established as to inspire confi dence ; more than this, the repudiation under Isabella's r:giine serves to repress the enthusiasm of capitalists. The process of disarming the militia, or, in other words, of getting back the muskets which were so indiscrimi nately served out to the Spanish working men, is giving rise to some trouble. It brought about a serious risiY►g at Cadiz, and it has produced a lesser disturbance at Malaga. But this popular discontent is not likely to give rise to any serious ulterior consequences. The disarming of the militia is not a party measure ; it is directed against a class. The Juntas distributed arms to the lower orders during the early days of the Revolution, and the Provisional Government now finds it neeessary to get them back. The armed mob in some places threatened communism. A new militia is being formed, and it is to be drawn from a higher grade of the people. The Times correspondent sly's, that Marshal Serrano no longer makes any mystery about his Montpensier pre dilections. Prim is supposed to hanker after a Regency, to be exercised by triumvirs in the name of a minor, no matter of what Royal House. RUSSIA. The revelations which have oozed out from time to time respecting the state of the Russian army are well founded. The Muscovite forces are so ill prepared for an encounter ghat in any offensive war they must be comparatively useless, though the Russians are always formidable in defence. All soldiers on furlough have been ordered to join their regiments. Those who have served their term, but are still capable of bearing arms, are offered the large bounty of £27 to re-enlist. But, in spite of all efforts, the Russian army still remains in a deplorable state ; only a few thousands of breech. loaders have been supplied ; and one Warsaw correspon dent goes so far as to say that the troops are completely demoralised. THE ENGLISH IN PARAGUAY. The scraps of trustworthy intelligence which occasion ally escape from the interior of Paraguay all servo to throw discredit upon the reports of the atrocities committed by Lopez. A French officer, who recently returned from a voyage up the La Plata, testified that his countrymen, and, so far as he could learn, other Europeans, were well treated in Paraguay. Newt just received at the English Foreign Office is to the same purport. Not only is there no reign of terror in Paraguay, no systematic barbarity exercised by Lopez, but the English residents are so well satisfied with their lot that they decline to leave. On the 14th of November a number of women and children were brought down the La Plata by a British gunboat, but the men who were also offered the chance of quitting the country declined in almost every instance. Some of them parted with their wives and children rather than quit the service of Lopez. Would they be likely to entertain this preference for a ruler who enforced his own ideas of justice by miscellaneous massacre? The love of adventure might induce many Englishmen to share the romantic fortunes of the Para guayan dictator ; but Englishmen are not favourable to the whipping of ladies or any other of the barbarities accredited to Lopez. The case of Mr. Washburn, the American Ambassador, becomes more and more unfa your able to him. lie actively interfered on behalf of European residents because they were ill-treated. It is now ascer tained that he exceeded the prerogative of his office without just reason. It remains to be seen whether he sold the Paraguayans to the enemy, as they assert he 4:4 THE RESULT OF THE ELECTIONS. In the opinion of MA. Goldwin Smith, who has carefully studied the details of the late elections which have reached him at Cornell University, the House of Commons will be even more plutocratic than it was before. So far, the effect of the extended suffrage in breaking through the monopoly of the governing classes is zero. Nor can he perceive the slightest alteration in the composition of the house. Scarcely a singleyoung man of promise has been elected. Science and the higher political culture are now less represented than before. Not a particle has been added either to the brain 9r to the heart of PaHia ment. Not the slightest additional hope is afforded of good to come from its deliberations to the great body of the people. All this proves, thinks Mr. Goldwin Smith, that in Parliamentary contests the working man cannot hope to be powerful, at all events for some time to come. The real seat of his power lies in his industrial organisations. Though trades unions nre often spoken of with fear and hatred, they are never treated with contempt. They should be maintained and extended, not fur the pur poses of industrial war, but as standing organisa tions of industry. The unions should not mix them selves up with mere party politics ; but they should exert their influence, not merely in legislative ques tions directly affectinc , industry, but in broadquestions akuclitjaj rj.dtansiZga the protection of the working SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 4, 1869, TH man's electoral freedom against tne tyranny or em ployers. The effects of the extension of the franchise will be felt more in each succeeding election, and the time will arrive when leaders. will be of some use to the people, who at present need the educator more than the leader. But, thinks Mr. Goldwin Smith, great events will take place in the ecclesiastical before they take place in the political sphere. NEPOTISM EXTRAORDINARY. When the Duke of Argyll, a Scotchman, was appointed Secretary of State, and Mr. Grant Duff, another Scotchman, was appointed Under-Secretary of State for India, there was joy north of the Tweed, for it was thought our Eastern Empire would become more than ever the Scotch paradise. But even North Britons think that nepotism may be carried too far, and Scotch journals, Liberal as well as Conserva tive; are full of indignation at the omnivorous nepotism of the Lord Advocate. The Liberal Dundee Advertiser cannot hold its peace any longer, but contrasts Mr. Moncreiff with Mr. Gordon, the Tory ex-Lord Advocate, very much to the dis advantage of the first : Mr. Moncreiff has now been so long in power that he has come to be looked upon by himself and his friends as a species of autocrat, with whom no one dare intermeddle. In Parliament the Scotch members have often bitterly felt his supremacy, and sighed for that Secretary of State for Scotland who is so long of coming, but who, if the Lord Advocate is always to have lis own way, probably never will come. In the Parliament House, it has long been well known, no member o f th e B ar d ares utter a word of hostile criticism save at the expense of being a marked man—that is, a man marked for exclusion from all future preferment or promotion. The consequence is that of late years things were known in the profession to have been done by Mr. Moncreiff which were really wholly indefen- sible. Fortunately, however, no defenc e was nee d e d , as no attack was made- the feelings of vexation and indig nation leing confined to confidential whisp ers among t h e brethren, or at most taking the form of " curses loud and deep." While Mr. G ordon was a zealou.sand able law reformer, Mr. Moncreiff has been very much the reverse, being afraid,apparently, that by to o great earnestness he will abolish several good offices which are exactly fitted for his friends. It appears that while Mr. Gladstone is ruthlessly abolishing sinecures like that lately held by the late Mr. Disraeli, Mr. Moncreiff is carefully cherishing them. He has just given to his brother, Sir Henry Moncreiff, Bart., D.D., the post of " Secretary to her Majesty's sole and only master printers in Scotland," an office to which no duties are attached, which was, more over, marked for abolition, but which. being worth £l3OO a year, must not be lest to - thA Moncreiff family. One brother of Mr. Moncreiff having thus been put into a nice warm place, it seems to have occurred to him that the other brother, Mr. William Moncreiff, would be most unfairly treated were he left out in the cold. A comfortable little post was therefore found or made for him too, and ho became Accountant of the Court of Session, with a salary of £7OO a year, and a couple of clerks under him to save trouble. That of these two subordinates one is the son of Mr. James Moncreiff's butler, the other the nephew of his cook, is whispered in legal circles. In this instance the work is so badly done that it is clear there are too many cooks. But devoted brother as the Lord Advocate is, he is a still more doting father. He has a son, a lad of eighteen months' standing at the Dar, and this young gentleman has been made Advocate-Depute over the heads of men of twenty years' standing. The post was worth £5OO a year. But this was only the begin ning of luck. This fortunate young gentleman has been appointed to several other offices under the Crown, being made in rapid succession Counsel for the Board of Ordnance, for the Accountant in Bankruptcy, for the Admiralty and the offices of State. The offices which, under Mr. Gordon, were at once distributed to different people, have been com bined along with the post of Advocate-Depute in the person of Mr. Henry J. Moncreiff. For thorough going nepotism an old-fashioned Whig has no opal. fears ignored the cheap Rock, until one clay the first caught its rival tripping. The Rock spoke of the Rev. T. Fowle, of Hoxton, as " a zealous and God-fearing man," whereupon the Record comes down like a wolf from the fold, and claws the Rock for heresy. Is not Mr. Fowle a Broad Churchman ? How then can he be a "God-fearing man ?". The Rock replies that Luther was a God-fearing man, though he called the Epistle of St. James a " strawy epistle," and believed in the Real Presence. Dr. Johnson was ditto, though he prayed for the soul of his mother (the Rock means wife). However, it appears that the Rock mistook one Mr. Fowle for another, - and so, after two atrocious puns about birds of a feather and foul play, goes on to rebuke the Record for its marked absence of sympathy with a younger brother fighting in the same cause, but whose existence it never acknowledged until it dis covered a supposed piece of heresy. THE DEFUNCT " DIPMIAL REVIEW." The John Bull mourns the death of the Imperial Review. It seems that the paper ought not to have died, for it had some frood writers on its staff, among them Mr. Cecil Raikes and Lord Colchester (both of whom were defeated together once before as candidates for Devonport), Dr. Fraser, and the Rev. E. Fagan. Our contemporary administers a severe rebuke to the Conservatives for not supporting their organs better. Perhaps it is because they are not worth supporting. The John Bull, for instance, con tains a letter from a corrcrpondent complaining of the senility of the Standard. 7HE LEGAL TENDER ACT. (From the Anglo-American Times.) The legality of Legal-Tender, lately argued in the Supreme Court, and the return to specie payment, both intimately connected, are the questions now exciting most interest in the United States. The former brought up in the cases of HEPBURN v. Gals- WOLD and BRONSON v. RHODES, has been argued in the highest Court for three days by Attorney- General EVARTS and Mr. Cuavis on the side of the Government; and Alr. POTTER and Mr. .TOWNSEND against the constitutionality of the Legal-Tender Clause in the Act of Congress, passed 25th February, 1862. Mr. CURTIS condensed what he bad to say into an hour. He maintained that Congress having the power to borrow money has by inference the power of choosing the way in which it should be exercised with two limitations only : the one that the meats should be appropriate and conducive to the :end, the other that they should not violate the express provisions of the Constitution, or any fair deduction from any pro vision. Applying such a rule, he showed that the legal tender was an appropiate manner of borrow ing money. In answer b the objection that to make paper money a legal tender was a-power not conferred upon Congress, ie contended that such a power was Subordinate, appropriate, and necessary to the substantive power of borrowing. Mr. Cturris here stopped, leaving the question unargued whe ther the deduction could be drawn, considering the principle of the United Stiles Government, that it can legally do those acts oily which of right might be done on appeal to the Constitution, the question being whether that Government has the legal power of compelling the people to accept a piece of paper as equal in value to a specified quantity of gold. Here the Attorney-General stepped in, and for two hours used all his mastery of language to show that such Legal-Tender was a power the Government could exercise, indeed that it was a matter of little mo ment, in short, giving way to his punning inclina tion, that the people snake too much of it. " This power," he said, " necessary for emergencies, pernicious as a constant reamrce—shall not be ac corded to the General Government as an indepen dent and substantive power; for this would permit its exercise upon any motive and for its own sake. It shall find its pike in the enabling clause of the Constitution, which supplies authority for all legis lation that is necessary and proper to carry, into execution the powers in whose service the use of this expedient is justified, for thus alone can its use be conformed to exigencies which should furnish at once its warrant and its measure." In answer to the inquiry —Who is to decide the exigency ? Mr. EVARTS quoted from M‘GuLLocli v. Maryland, —" The sound construction of the Constitution must allow to the national legislature that discre tion with respect to the means by which the powers it confers are to be carried into execution." The argument is said, by good authority, to have fallen short in the advocacy of Mr. CURTIS, and to have gone beyond the mark in that of Mr. EVARTS, but two such lawyers greatly overmatched those on the other side, with what effect on the bench remains to he seen. The general opinion is that before the hearing the majority of the judges were opposed to the Constitutionality of the Act, and the belief re mains that nothing but a regard for the conse quences of such a decision will induce the Court to postpone judgment until Congress can return to specie payments. A good authority, Messrs. HENRY CLEWS and Co., writing in their monthly circular, December 15, state that the subject had caused uneasiness : "In the absence of an adequate supply of any other form of currency, United States notes might still tempo rarily pass, with very great inconvenience, in the retail transactions of trade at a constantly varying depreciation; but they could be no longer available for the larger con tracts of commerce. The Treasury would be compelled, by the inadequacy of its stock of gold, to continue suspen sion upon its note obligations, including not only 356 millio❑ dollars of notes, but also 58 million dollars et 3 per rent. Certificates, and could do nothing toward retir ing those obligations beyond offering to convert them into a long bond, the market value of which would determine the value of the notes and certificates. Under these cir cumstances the banks would fail to procure gold from the Trees ry, as an adequatebasis of reserve and for the pur poses of payments; and, being unable to satisfy either depositors or note-holders, would be driven into suspen sion, and, in the case of the younger and weaker institu tions, into liquidation. The derangement thus produced would he all the more serious from the fact of Congress being unable to provide any relief through the substitution of some other form of legal tender. Of course, the result of such a condition of things must be utter disorganization in every branch of trade and a complete prostration of the business of the country ; until through a painful process of public economy, we were enabled for a time to keep our Pacific product of gold at home or to attract specie from Europe, to an extent adequate to serve as the basis of a contracted system of banking." On the subject of a return to specie payment the speech of Senator MORTON in favour of the bill he lately introduced into Congress is exciting most attention. Its first section prohibits the sale of gold, reserving in the Treasury all surplus over the gold interest payment; the second is for the pay ment on demand in coin of United States notes after July 1, 1870 ; the third requires the National Banks also to redeem theirs in coin eighteen months later (on and after January 1, 1872), and they are , . ordered to reserve coin interest from July 1, 1870, in preparation for such resumption ; the fourth decrees that their local reserve as now shall be maintained until January 1, 1872, when greenbacks, &c., are to be replaced by coin as drawn, but they may hold two-fifths of their legal reserve in United States notes with the sanction of the Controller of the Currency; the fifth enforces the cancellation when redeemed of all fractional currency, while allowing the discretion to the Secretary to cancel as many of the other redeemed notes as he thinks necessary to contract the currency within proper bounds ; the sixth provides the limit of Jan. 1, 1872, when United States notes shall cease to be legal-tender every. where, except to the Government for taxes ; the seventh provides for a gold loan of 10-30 Bonds to supply the funds required for, redeeming the United States notes in coin. The Senator in his speech, covering 90 pages of manuscript, supported the bill. He argued that by carrying the resump tion over so lengthened a period the disturbance, almost inseparable from so violent a change, would be avoided ; that those who had debts would hasten to pay them, in anticipation of a rise in value of th e currency, and that all contracts thereafter made w ou ld b e based on the knowledge of the change. He showed by elaborate stati s ti cs that he understated the account of gold and silver coin in the country at $400,000,000. The product of the mines up to June 30, 1869, he estimated at $750,000,000, and after that at $100,000,000, per annum, which must be largely increased when the Mining States and Territories would be opened by the completion of the Pacific Railroad a few months hence. He calculated that in two years the Trea sury would accumulate surplus gold to the amount of $170,000,000 ; that imtmdiately hoarding would cease, and wham the time f o r the redemption of greenbacks was fixed the accumulated gold in the hands of the people would be brought out and freely employed. He maintained that even when banks have suspended specie payment, their solvency and good tnanagemeat being unquestioned, they have been able to resut a o on obtaining one , dollar in gold to two dollars and a half of their circulation. As the credit of the Government is better than that of any bank it might safely act on a smaller proportion of gold, while he showed that it would have a greater. He asserted that the bonds would never approach par until the currency is made good. The lat ter bears an indescribable relation to every form both of national and private credit and security, and lowers them with its own depreciation. This proposition he argued ably, depicting the injury sustained by all in the United States, more espe cially the poor as well as the Government itself by this vitiated circulating medium. He opposed Mr. M'CuLLocit's plan of repealing the Legal-Tender Laws, on the ground that it would lessen the value of greenbacks, which, in depreciating the earnings of the poor, would be repudition in its worst aspect, while his plan tended slowly, though surely, to raise the currency in value. On the whole the bill is approved, though it meets with many grave objec tions. The success of the attempt to resume specie payments on a fixed date depends on the coin the Government can accumulate by that day. If the Treasury commands, free from every liability, a sur plus of $170,000,000, all would run smooth, but, if not, the shutters of the Treasury would go up and the doors close, and a general smash result. Were the people to suspect that the Government were boldly making the attempt without the means there would be a run on the Treasury, but if confident of its ability to meet the claims they are slowly if ever made. Another objection is thus noticed by the Philadelphia Ledger—alluding to .the law passed by Congress at the session before last to redeem thelegal tenders in quantities not exceeding $4,000,000 per month ; however good and well received, there was a hue and cry against it from the expansionists the moment it became operative. So great was their influence, and so telling the expedients resorted to, that— "Contraction was stopped, and there is every reason to believe that the same interests and influences, under the greater incentives of Mr. Morton's bill, would combine to a like result as soon as its inconvenience should be felt. We look Ilion it as but a tub to the whale. It holds the word of promise to the ear, with every probability that it will be broken to the hope. The bill of Mr. Morton, by the hope which the delay affords of defeat by subsequent legislation, invites to panics and the greatest derangement of the currency, to the injury of all business. The two years and a half of postponement, if we take the past as an evidence of the future, would not be used in prepara tion for the event to come, but in efforts to defeat it ; so that should Congress oven have nerve to resist repeal or modification, neither the Treasury nor the banks would be as well prepared than as now for resumption." It must not, however, be forgotten that Congress is acting in this matter under the spur of the Supreme Court.. If the Judges concur in thinking the Legal-Tender Act unconstitutional, in view of the enormous interests involved, they may let Congress know that they will be compelled eventually so to deliver judgment, and delay the decision until the Legislature has passed some such bill as that of Senator MORTON. 131117 ISII EMIGIM7 ION TO AMERICA. No• I. Last Thursday week a deputation of working men asked the advice and co-operation of his Ex cellency Mr. REVERDY JOHNSON as shareholders in the Mutual Land, Emigration, and Colonization Company will regard to a scheme devised of a system of emigration to ameliorate the condition of British artisans. The picture drawn by the depu tation of the state of their fellow workmen in Eng land was such that few English papers have pub lished it at all, and no English paper has published it entire. The truth is that population is overtak ing the means of subsistence in Great Britain, and the natural process has been hurried by the evil action of that most unfortunate and most vici ous piece of legislation, the Law of Limited Li ability. Perhaps the world never furnished another such instance of thoughtful and well-meaning men doing more harm when only striving to do good than in devising and framing that pernicious Act. The unhealthy activity it generated in the direction of waste, and under the leader ship of the scoundrels of England, attracted into commercial centres large numbers of workmen, who, relying on this artificial stimulus settled with their families on the spot to find their work vanish with the capital which had created it, themselves and their employers alike ruined, while the promoters and the legal advisers walked off with all the plunder they could pick up. We are not surprised that these workmen in their address to Mr. JotlNsoN speak of these results of English trade in unmeasured terms of disgust and con tempt, and although we glance at the cause which hastened the development of a state so unhealthy wherin honest artisans starve in the midst of plenty, for lack of work, yet, the question is, the remedy? Had it not been that improvements in machinery tended more and more to give the leading place in manu facturing industry to England, the pressure of po pulation against subsistence would have earlier been so severely felt as to enforce the inauguration of a na tional system of emigration. The Poor Law errs, as do the private efforts to support the destitute citizests of the country, in tending to breed more pauperism tha❑ they relieve, and to perpetuate it in its most shocking aspect, for there is no more horri fying poverty in the world than in England. It is the contrast which, equally with the climate, makes English destitution appear so utterly miserable. Those who have passed at midnight by the walls of Buckingham Palace, and seen' women and children lying curled against them for shelter from a howling storm, are shocked when this contrast comes thus before them in its reality. On one side is the gorgeous edifice, itself covering acres, and with acres more of park, pleasure grounds, and artificial water, the whole, for years, uninhabited, while the eternal tramp of the sentries is still heard marching around. On the other side, like little bundles of dirt drifted there by the eddying wind lie these English outcasts, these waifs and strays of society, the practical proofs of the unexag gerated truth of what the workmen assert. It may not strike most Englishmen accustomed to these scenes that there is danger in such contrast, to remove which, if the nation were fully alive to it, no time would be lost in applying the remedy. When our SAVIOUR said, " Ye have always the poor with you," he gave expression toa law of nature which no human agency can counteract ; but human agency can and must be employed in alleviating and mitigating poverty, or the society which neglects to do so will surely be rent asunder. When the destitute so gain in num bers as to include millions of able-bodied adults they pass beyond the reach of private benevolence, attaining to the limit even of national relief, and the State is then in danger. That England has about reached this limit is a truth expressed by these workmen, and a fact with which Parliament will have to deal. Although the deputation is hope less of relief from the Legislature, or of attracting the attentio❑ of the well-to-do classes, such an evil cannot be overlooked, or dealt with as the ostrich acts in danger by putting its head in a hole, dread in,g more the sight than the effect; and the Times and other papers will gain little by not pub lishing the address of the deputation. Granting the urgent necessity for a measure national in scope permanently to benefit the labouring classes, the question is what that permanent relief is to be, to which there can be but one answer—emigration. Its effects are two-fold, for when well conceived and carried out, emigration benefits those who go and those who remain. As regards the emigrants the result, if problematical in four cases out of five, is still beneficial, the failure of the fifth being due to the incompetence of the individual for earning a liveli hood anywhere, or to some radical blunder in the scheme of which that fifth man is the victim. If then emigration be wisely and cautiously conducted it will reduce the failures to the incompetence of the individuals who fail, a portion of mankind to be found everywhere, and to the end of the world, creating that class of whom our SAVIOUR said the poor shall be with you always. But, as such people everywhere sink, if emigration failures can be nar rowed to these instances only, it follows that well conducted emigration is an unmixed good, so far as the people who emigrate are concerned. Two questions of vital interest are presented by this subject ; that which concerns the nation which sends forth the emigrants, and that which concerns the nation which receives the emigrants. Each of these could only be fully discussed in the space NAVAL AND MILITARY CHANGES. The Broad Arrow believes that the " insane idea of reducing such a fine body of men and so eminently useful as the Royal Marines " is abandoned, or that, at all events, it will be reconsidered. Mr. Childers is called upon to turn his attention to " the waste of public money thrown away upon keeping up such a sham as th e R oyal Naval Reserve." The Army and Navy Gazette is " enabled 'to state that there is no intention—there never was any —of disbanding the Marinas." They will, however, be reduced. The United Service G aze tt e , under the title of " The Cat out of the Bag," publishes a paragraph which states that the intended reduction of the Marines is to be effected in order that we may have more ornamental soldiery ; in order, that is, that there may be constituted an artillery of the guard, whereof Prince Arthur is to have command. As regards the army, the second named paper recommends the officers " to be a little incredulous respecting all the sensation rumours of reductions. They need not believe all they read, or be frightened about Mr. Cardwell and his coming measures." It is rumoured that the Royal Ar:illery will lose two gum for each troop and battery, and a corresponding inumber of horses and men. Many changes are going on at Whitehall. By way of setting an example of economy, the Board of Admiralty will give up to the public use the private residences in the Admiralty -yard, lately occupied by Vice-Admiral Sir Ale:ander Milne, the Senior Sea Lord, and Lord Henry Lennox, the Chief S ecre t ary. Thither will be rem ove d the Steam Department from New-street, and probably the Medicil Department from Somerset House. There will be an organic change among the clerks at Whitehall. Hitherto a large number of these gentlemen have been copying letters. Henceforth there will be fewer of them, and more responsibility will be laid upon them. It is rumoured also that the present Accountant- General of the Navy, the Assistant-Accountant- General, and several clerks of the first-class in the same department - are to be superannuated; that Mr. 11. W. R. Walker will be Accountant- General, and that instead of the clerks being in classes as heretofore, they will be appointed clerks of sections and assistant clerks. It is not improbable that a portion of Greenwich Hospital will be utilised as a naval medical school. We learn that Sir Henry Storks will be continued in his present post for ^nother year. THE ROYAL 3IARINES. A correspondent of the Times strongly urges that, instead of the Royal Marines being reduced, they should be employed in subjecting the rebel Maori tribes in New Zealand. The Marine is accustomed to knocking about from habits engendered on board ship, and can ur.,;..s the spade and axe and serve guns when required; and as the natives are in the habit of firing behind stockades the Marine will be found to be their match in cutting down trees and making deadly havoc with his rifle behind the cover afforded by them. THE OLIVE BEANCII. Experiments have been made in Belgium . with Krupp's 9-inch gun, against the Bellerophon and the Warrior target. The first endured eight rounds, the second only seven. The gun has now been ordered for the fortifications at Antwerp, and the Prussian Government has given Mr Krupp an order for four million thalers' worth. The Russian Government has given a large order for 11-inch guns by the same maker. This sounds very peaceful. CHURCH NEWS. The John Bull, in an interesting account of the recent meeting of lligh Church clergy, says that a paper by Archdeacon Denison, approved by Dr. Pusey, was read s counselling submission to the recent Ritual judgment, and that Mr. Mackonochie said that as he had pleaded before the court, he was bound to submit to it. Mr. Bennett, of Frome, and M r . N ugee were for opposing the court tooth and nail. There is no talk of secession.— Bishop Selwyn has arrived in England, and is in good health. He is accompanied by the Bishop of Wellington.—The Bishop of Winchester has appointed the late Bishop of Mauritius to the rectory of St. Nicholas, Guildford, vacant by the promotion of the new Bishop of Mauritius ; thus Bishop Sumner will have episcopal help in his large diocese. The Lau, Times states with reference to the Ritual judgment that the offence of contumacy cannot be committed until the judgment is made complete by being embodied in an order in council, and notice thereof has been given to the defendant. That having been done, and the legal practices being persisted in, the writ de contumacc capiendo may issue. The Rev. George R. Prynne, of Plymouth, a well known leader of the high Church party in the West of England, has written a letter to the Western Morning News, in which ho says that he can no longer support the Irish Church Establishment. Before the recent election he, in conjunction with other clergy, signed a memorial in favour of that Church ; but subsequent consideration has induced him to see that it has failed in every way ss a missionary Church and as a State Church, and that it has no more right to State support than be Episcopal Uhurch o:land. lie feeis Donna, as an honest man, to make known his change of convic tions. " THE NUMBER. OF THE BEAST." We have to announce an important discovery. The editor of Gilead has found out that the letters comprising the word Gladstone will, if added together as Greek immerals, make up 666, " the number of the Beast." The editor would have us infer that therefore Mr. Gladstone is the Beast. One of the correspondents of the Rock affirms, however, that the numbers make 663, which is not the number of the aforesaid animal; therefore Mr. Gladstone is not the quadruped in question. But the editor of Gilead reasserts his calculation. While they are quarrelling it may be well to remind them that the letters C-u-m-m-i-n-g Greeised also make up (X 36. Is Dr. Gumming the Beast COMPLIMENTS. The Rock and the Record are, it seems, not good The dear Record lam for nearly two given by a magazine, yet we will endeavour to deal with them hereafter in these columns. One aspect of the coming efflux of the English, for nothing can now prevent this exodus, is of peculiar interest to both branches of the Anglo-Saxon family, and may have a mighty influence in re-cementing the Northern Continent of America to the ancient Fatherland. It is possible that Parliament and the people may be blind to the all-important necessity of directing the emigration wisely, and even conceive the false notion of mis directing it, endeavouring to turn the tide by libels and detraction from the United States to what people call loyal colonies, as if the Ameri cans south of the St. Lawrence were of another race from the Americans north of the St. Lawrence, and that that river represented a line of demarca tion between inhabitants hostile and friendly to Great Britain. Now this is the notion we desire to combat, at the risk of wearying our readers for that hostility is really generated by the careful means used for its cultivation. Why foster such a pernicious absurdity ? Is it wise, we ask, to act on the grounds which are taken for granted that a comparatively feeble country is the friend, and a most powerful country the enemy of the kingdom, both being the offspring of Britain, and in reality brethren and kinsmen ? To do this is to commit a gross political blunder, nor that only, for it wrongs the emigrants in send ing them to an inferior instead of to a superior country. Hence in libelling the States to foster emigration to Canada a present wrong is accom plished to work . future evil ; the direction being a blunder, the reason a blunder, and the effect per nicious. Nor is it practicable, as the committee formed to pro.note emigration for the unemployed of Clerkenwell will find, if the report he true, that all subscribers to the fund are pledged to remain in Canada. On this the Pall Mall observes It would be a pity to place an interdict on the United States, especially as the immigrants would find that they were better off in the Dominion than they could possibly be under the present rate of taxation in the Great Republic," That is the theory, but this is the practice :—" During the past year 23,345 immigrants arrived in Canada. Of these only 3,631 remained in the Dominion ; the rest proceeded to the Western States." As the exodus we foresee will be such as to throw that from Ireland and Germany into the shade (for the pent-up masses only wait the outlet and the example), we consider the question as one of first-rate importance, worthy of the most earnest consideration of English and American statesmen. Through the sharp suffering of millions a mighty good may result; and if there be a fact well estab lished in history it is this, that no such good can be achieved except through such suffering. Holding these views, we trust those of our readers who have not reflected on this subject will bear with us while we endeavour, after a long experience of emigration, toshow the vastimportance of the subject to the Angl o race; indeed, that it may be made the antithesis of a war between its two branches—if we may use this word to express the exact opposite—the one working the same measure of good for the race iu creating prosperity and fostering kindly feelings that the other would evil in the destruction of life and property and in generating ill blood.•—Anglo- American Times. LYNCH LA W. a community such as that of Britain the story of what took place at New Albany, Indiana, before daylight on Saturday morning, December 12, will appear not only lawless, but dreadful in the ex treme, showing a. population inclined to substitute their own bloodthirsty passions for justice, and mob equity for the unimpassioned decree of judge and jury. While all civilized societies will reprobate lynching, now more than usually common in sparsely settled portions of the United States, Europeans are wholly unqualified to pronounce an opinion on the wild justice there exercised who do not understand the nature of the country where it prevails. Generally, Vigilance Committees have acted only in urgent necessity, and on the side of order and security ; often, indeed, when such action was indispensible to save the community from falling, bound hand and foot to the mercy of the worst classes. These committees have, in short, been a combination of the orderly against the com bination of the vicious, an organization to prote life and property against another directed at them, both using the same unlawful weapons, freely apply ing the rope, the pistol, the dagger, and the lash to strike tenor. But why, asks the Englishman, who can form no just idea of the vastness of the country, do not the well-disposed aid law to keep in subjection the evilly-disposed by its stern adminis tration ? The best answer to this is furnished by the affair in New Albany. Not long ago it was an nounced that the Canadian authorities had surren dered under the Extradition Treaty two railway rob bers, the one belonging to the celebrated RENO family, the other a member of the gang, named CHAS. AN DERSON. They had escaped to Canada after a despe rate attempt to rob an express car, when many of their confederates were captured, the train taking them to prison being stopped by an armed band (this Vigilance Committee), and the desperadoes hung to the nearest trees. The Canadian authori ties surrendered FRANK RENO and ANDERSON, under the promise of protection from this violence and a fair trial, which was the more earnestly pressed in view of these illegal executions by which so many of the gang had already suffered. They were con veyed to New Albany and lodged in the prison wherein SIMON and WILLIAM RENO were then con fined awaiting trial. The connection of the United States with the affair then ceased, the State becom ing responsible ; and it is an error to suppose that the Washington Government could have given any absolute pledge of security further than in lodging the accused in the strongest of the State gaols. Throughout Indiana remnants still exist of an or ganization which styled itself the Regulators, once numbering 700 or 800, but now reduced to little over a third of that strength, though their activity may be gathered from the fact that within the last two years they have hanged some thirty supposed criminals. These Regulators derived their origin from the old Border state of society from which Indiana has so quickly changed that a complex social community has overtaken the rough and ready justice of back wood and wild prairie life. 'When recording the sur render, in view of these facts, we expressed an opinion that the fate of these men was sealed. Seymour is a small railway town about 50 miles north of Louisville, where the railroad to Indiana polis intersects the Ohio and Mississippi line. For more than fifteen years this village has been the head-quarters of a company of despera does, of whom the RENOS, an English family of a mother and five sons, were the chiefs. At first the robberies were for the most part con fined to cattle and sheep, but by degrees the scope increased, and the neighbourhood was kept in a state of terror, and blackmailed with impunity. Houses and citizens were robbed ; stores were rifled, and cattle lifted by droves ; prosecutors were mur dered, and witnesses kidnapped and deported. Two of the RENos secured positions as travel ling agents for Express Companies, which made them familiar with the manner of transporting and delivering valuables, and this knowledge enabled them to effect some ex tensive seizures. A train was surrounded at Seymour by an armed party in disguise ; the loco motive and express cars were detached and taken two miles along the track, where the safe of the United States Express Company was broken open and $90,000 abstracted. FRANK RENO, the company's agent, was there found, to divert suspicion, tied to a chair and gagged. Not long after, in a similar way, the robbery of $170,000 was effected, which directed general attention to Seymour and the or ganization by which that neighbourhood was kept in a state of subjugation. Arrests were made, but the confederates, emboldened by impunity, openly announced that if one was injured the town would be destroyed. It was then that the Vigilance Committee seized six of the criminals, including two of the RENOS, and hanged them in the woods; and on the capture of some of the robbers, who were caught in their own trap while endeavouring for the third time to rifle the safes of an Express Company, exe cuted them, The rest of the band were warned that their names were enrolled, and that they would be lynched without mercy if any attempts at revenge were made. 'On Friday, Dee. 11, about 100 men arrived at New Albany, a large town in the ex treme south of Indiana, on i,he Ohio river, opposite Louisville, and waiting till the next morning, at three o'clock attacked the gaol, seized some of the guards, and effected an entrance. The Sheriff, who refused to deliver up the keys, was wounded, but the premises being searched, they were disco. vered in a drawer. A warder was com pelled to point out the cells of the RENos, who were taken out and hanged to a post near the prison ; then SI3ION ItENO and CHARLES ANDERSON were in a similar way executed, the former fought desperately, knocking down two or three of the Vigilance men ; the latter begged but was refused time for prayer. Indeed the lynchers had no time to spare, for they feared even to delay for the full ac complishment of their purpose, which was to hang another man confined on a charge of murder, and they left the gaol, having only carried into effect their main object. The people of Seymour assert the impossibility of obtaining justice and suppressing conspiracies against their lives and fortunes, ex cept by counter conspiracies such as that by which the RENO gang was destroyed. The thieving ramifi cations are so considerable, and have such a tend ency to grow, that they defeat justice not only by intimidation but by the security given in the assur ance that one of the confederates cannot fail to be enrolled on the jury, whose business it is to hold out against other jurors to the end. Finding by re peated trial that their readiest method was to oppose to the robbers even a more audacious mode of pro cedure than their own, they took the unjustifiable measures we have recorded. While joining in the condemnation so general in the United States of these proceedings, we wish the position to be under stood in Europe. Through Lynch law, California, from a pandemonium, was erected into one of the most orderly States of the Union ; through Lynch law all the great mining States and Territories be tween the Missouri and the Pacific are gradually undergoing the process already completed in Cali fornia, and although nothing, theoretically, can jus tify such a system, an overwhelming practical ne cessity may enforce its adoption. When we con sider the phase through which the United States has passed, that of a civil war which raged over so many States, followed by the disbandment of masses of soldiers trained to rapine and bloodshed, it must be confessed that never before did any coun try more quickly settle down into peace and order. That it could wholly do so, however, is beyond the bounds of possibility. Hence, the growth of such bands as that of the RENOS at Seymour, the Ku-Klux Klan, the Knights of the White Camellia, the Arkansas and Tennessee Militia, which, after all, are but counter-organi zations, and the revival of these Vigilance Com mittees. While, then, agreeing to the full in the sentiments expressed by the Philadelphia Ledger, we maintain the force of what the people of Seymour urge, and the fact that, instead of show ing the lawlessness of the citizens of the Union, these exceptional cases but prove the truth of the general rule, that no nation under such circum stances ever before showed a finer example of order.' " Mob law, Lynch law," says the Ledger, " or any extra judicial law, here, is always wrong and dan gerous, and especially dangerous to those who re sort to it, as well as to those in authority who con nive at it or give occasion for it. An unorganized mob is always undiscriminating, blind, heartless, brutal, and cruel, eager only for victims, and utterly reckless as to justice. A mob organized under 'the Lynch code may be less blind, less brutal, less cruel, but it is no more to be trusted with the adminis tration of justice than the other, and the mere ex istence of it is a reproach to the community where it exists, as well as a disgrace to the law, the courts, and the authorities. The next most dangerous thing is an unjust judge, who makes use of his high office to do things which brings the law and the courts into contempt and distrust. The parties, however, who are ultimately responsible are the people them selves, for in this country they make the laws, they choose the judges, and they create the public senti ment, which either enforces the law and insures the goal conduct of the judges, or else encourages such acts as nullify the law, and make the judges reck less and dangerous." The affair as regards FRANK RENO and CHARLES ANDERSON is likely to give rise to a diplomatic correspondence, although the United States are blameless in the matter, and can do no more than express regret that Indiana was unable to protect prisoners against so sudden, and by it unexpected, an attack ; and as there can be no doubt that both men were deeply implicated in a conspi racy which struck at the very roots of society, their fate cannot excite any great amount of commise ration.—Anglo-A inerican 7 lines. One of the most telling bits of satire is this ex , tract from an American paper :—" The Renos and their fellow victims belonged to a gang that robbed express companies without being directors. If they had been di rectors, theirs would have been a capital opportunity ; it was, it became a capital offence." General Grant started from Boston, on the 18th Dec., and will go thence to Philadelphia and Baltimore, reaching Washington in season to be roasted for the as sembled multitude on the 4th of March. A new company named the Burleigh tunnel and mining company, has been organized at Fitchburg with a capital of 5120,000, for the purpose of silver mining in Colorado with the Burleigli rock drill. FADVERTISEMENT.] —llolloway'S Pills.—Uniform suc cess.—lt is highly consolatory to reflect upon the impor tant inventions for the relief of suffering humanity which have conferred mobility on the 19th century. These re medies stand unrivalled for the cure of gout, rheumatism, lumbago, ticdoloreux, and every other variety of neuralgic) pain. The painful places have only to be bathed in tepid salt and water, and well rubbed with Holloway's oint ment, to convince the most sceptical of the curative power it exercises over these diseases. The most desperate cases, whether chronic or acute, best exemplify the strik ing success which follows - the proper use of this soothing ointment and these purifying pills. Both medicaments are composed of the most innocuous and healing balsams. (ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid Medicines: they always aggravate chronic complaints: but Du Barry's delicious health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, which yields three times the nourish ment of the best meat, saves 50 times its cost in other remedies, and invariably restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshin,, sleep, functional regularity, anc , ener g y t o th e most disorderedbor enfeebled. We extract a few out of 68,000 cures ;—" The Pope's health restored by Du Barry's Food. Cure No. 68,413. "Rome, July 21, 1866. —The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food. of which he consumes a plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly bene ficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excel lent food too highly." From the "Gazette du Midi, July 25 Cure No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the most intolerable nervous agitation.." Cure No. 1,771; Lord Stuart do Decies, Lord Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia. No. 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly."—Cure No. 46,270: Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness. Important Caution.—Beware of the many unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, without :authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached In tins, at Is. ; 1 lb. 2s. 9d. ; 2 lbs. Is. 6d.; 5 lbs, 11s.; 12 lbs., 225. ;24 lbs., 40s.—Also Du BARRY'S REYALENTA ARABICA. CHOCO LATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters ; for 12 cups at 25., for 24 cups at 3s. 6c1., for 48 cups at Cs., for 288 cups at 305., for 576 cups at Ms.—being about one penny per cup. The 30s. and 55s tins are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post Office Orden—BAßßY DU BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, Lon don ; and all Grocers and Chemists. Births. COCKBURN —On tha 2d inst., at 9, Scarsdale Villas, Ken sington, the wife of Frederick Cockburn, Esq., of a daughter. ROWSELL —On the 29th ult., at 43, Cathcart-road, West Brompton, the wife of W. Rowsell, barrister-at-law, of a daughter. Marriages. GREEN—ITERBERT —On the 29th ult., at Our Lady's Church, St. J o h n ' s -wood, John Philip Green, of the Mid dle Temple, barrister and of Bomb a y, t o Th eresa, t h e J second daught er of J. R. Herbert, Esq., Royal Acade mician. HILL TUCKER —On the Ist inst., at Combo Down, near Bath, James Ledger Hill, of Ogle Castle, Northumber land, and of Southampton, to Mary, third daughter of W. 11. Tucker, of Trowbridge, Wilts. Deaths. ARGLEs—On the 31st ult., at Kidside, Westmoreland, Jane, widow of the late Captain George Arglos, aged 94. ASSER —On the 31st ult., Louis Asser, of Chatsworth Lodge, Lower Norwood, aged 72. BASKETT - On the Ist inst., at Leavens, Wimborne, James Thomas Baskett, Esq„ aged 82. FOItSTER—On the 31st ult., at The Elms, Hit c hi n, J o hn Forster, Esq., a ge d 78 . RIVETT-CARTAC -On the Ist inst., at 34, Seymour-stree4 Portman-square, Admiral Rivett Carnae, aged 73. -- --- London : Printed and Pahlished by WILLIAM ANDREWS, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tan SUN No Strand, in the Pre.linet of tho Siuroy, in the Cowley of Midcllneex,-11untlay, January 4, Ma. anti: new Dire Stag Stall 105, F 3LA; Tho P TA' fdr Tro every d C" , atlies' and Co street, W I Pleet-st m'nt, with Pr WI 105, Flo( 5, The f I-107 Advances the who! full putic at all pric orders fo tn. le tn.' HOUSC-R Co , Distil SEAL: off C Naficns, The re £879 less SUBS( Williams the Seery street, Lc Qualifi, Governor 1 ,7, STA The re' fessional Weekly pn binod witl establishn Tbise;l niged by 1 and it is Lady Lai Caroline } All inft ten or per Subscril Treasurer, N -ATI( Rich Under the p whereby a Girls of all the kingdon The objec lish educatic and laundry wisp provid suitable situ The Comn entirely susl Ofnee, 121, nEALTII Ri D" BA. and 1 saves fifty t perfect digs refreshing s most disori effectually i gumption, h ranger nnn t a nervousness catarrhs, cc rheumatism, ralgia, ice' heartburn, trtusea and E fits, bronchi for invalids IMPORTAN' and . more the MY, Baron I Du Barry' s and Infants' has already been doom e d ness the Pop, by it after thi W Holy Father 'dunes Revel Isneficial eff( digestion, nylpi'teriltaahetsliTreeelse 31 rmef'pqiurthisriuolri teiNesoivaotinttt'feoeft c :brr o eertidisftlg n hiveril: C re t fof e o r rd v , lus s : A t it a: flatulency, oart C udy t i : e r ii e n:. 7 yri\ o rsh . op i ara f3 fv; o Stuart de Doci Waterford." Cure No. 4 from dyspepsis Cure No. 47, nervousness' it onus fancies. Cure No. 56, years diarrhee.4. The Food is lb., 4s. 6d. ; I`, canisters, carriF 4 :TY s Bevalm tlil canister;: caps at Rs. f or , about cn , ‘ free BARRY D U 'l3 also at Portnu Gracechutch-stt New North-ratv an , Root and an n Danc J€ PATE had c SON, II And a C r"