The Sun. — London, England, 1859-11-01 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENIN U G, NOVEMBER 1, 1859; BRITISII COLUMBIA. (Frs. -4- - VICTOUIA,VANCOU'VEIt Matters remain in the island of San .Tuan in much the same state as reported in my last lener. The force is 700 strong. The troops are fortifying them selves, and supplies continue to be sent to the island. Public opinion among Americans has modified of late. Moderate men now admit the impropriety of (;en. ITarney's measurc - ;, and ONCtre tilem on the ground ;deur , th - at be has " made an - will hasten the settlement of the boundary ques tion." The General's own officers do not scruple to express their opinions of his folly ; and do not doubt that the English Government will make the with drawal of the AMerican forces a preliminary to the r:sumption of the discussion of the question of title to the island, nor that the Ministry of Washington will order the General to recede from the false posi tion in which his reckless and discourteous acts save placed hid own Government. The fact is, this General,lilie many Americans of his day and generation, who have passed most of their time in the backwoods and beyond the pale of civilisation, haVe very crude and incorrect notions of England's strength and determination. He is one of those who never renounce the prejudices of boy hood, and who retain the early impressions made upon their minds by their "readings" at school. Hence his temerity. D, SZP2. 15. e Of this I am quite convinced, that, however vehe ment the bluster of the newspapers may be, the last thing the Americans would wish would be a war with England for an Uand that is not of the slightest value to them, except for purposes of ag gression against us; or for a right of navigation of a channel (the Canal de Haro) of which, if they had it, they could not make an exclusive 1.13 e, for the very good reason that it does not lead directly to their possessions on the mainland, and is not con• venient, the direct approach to which is by the other channel (the Strait of Vancouver or Rosario), which we assert to be the boundary between the two countries. Our reasons for insisting on our rights, at all hazards, are, however, very different. The treaty gives us the line we claim, and the Canal de Haro, which is within or on the British side of the boundary so given to England by the treaty, is the highway to British Columbia and to its coast, of many hundreds of miles in extent, which is now showing itself to be rich in minerals and other pmduets of the highest value. To de prive us of this approach by water would be to for bid us to de velopc the resources and to enjoy the advantages of our possession of a country far more extensive and richer than France• To ask us to submit to so great a sacrifice is presuming upon our good nature rather too much. The British subjects in this part of the world have not bated one jot of their indignation at the military occupation, of their contempt for the rea sons trumped up to justify it, nor of their convic tions of our title to our claim, nor of their keen in terest in the boundary question, nor of their anxiety to learn the determination of the Home Govern ment. A representation embracing these views, numerously signed by the principal landowners and other British subjects in the colony, is trans mitted through the Governor to the Home Govern ment by this mail. I suppose the joint commission for settling the boundary is now terminated by the aggressive ac tion of Gen. Harney, which has infringed the neu trality of the disputed territory. If so I would ear nestly suggest that the proceeding; had under the commission be published withont delay. This step is imperatively called for, if fur no other reason than that garbled, partial, unfair, and inaccurate state ments of these proceedings ha:•e been published in the local American newspapers: Charges of dupli city are brought against the English Government ; such as that they supplied the British commissioner with a double set of instructions, which formed a bar to the equitable settlement of the question at issue. These and similar charges should be refuted promptly by the publication of the facts. The more thero:7.7.hly the question is discussed on its merits the bettor will our case appear. The facts once known must carry conviction of the justice of our Tne San Francisco papon; 4 ro pnbli3M7,B - of misreprecnta.tion, some of them know ingly, but others upon false information supplied from this quarter. The British public should be fully informed upon the matter of the diipute be- 13S an fore more complicatio Filiibustt r principles and practices are already developing themselves. The mpiattcrs on `;.ln Juan are shooting one another in disputes about "town lots," under the guns of the "army of occupation." This is the normal state of such enterprises,—the robbers quarrelling over their booty. What a com mentary on " free institutions I must again advert to the evils of our land sp. tem of which I spoke in my last letter. We arc losing our . bone and sinew by reason of the vices, of the system. The evils are too high a price and waiting for surveys. Let the price be reduced, and in some eases free grants made.; and let men occupy at once, without being kept waiting for surveys until their means and patience are exhausted. Let the surveys follow occupation. If a farmer's lines are wrong he alone suffers. The Governor has just passed a law to regulate the working of the gold mines and the s tle of water for mining purposes in British Columbia and Queen Charlotte's Island. This measure is one of such importance to the chief interest in the country that I am induced to give an abstract of its provisions, for the informa tion of persons intending to immigrate. Instead of £1 a month license fee, as formerly imposed, the miner has now to pay only £1 a year, and this payment confers upon him the right to enter and mine upon any auriferous land in the country" not pre-occupied. When a miner selects his " claim" he is to register the same at the office of the Gold Commissioner of his district, which registration shall be valid for one, but must be renewed at the end of each yvzr. The registration gives the miner the exclusive right to the soil and gold of his " claim" while he continues to work it. Each registration costs 4s. This pay ment and the 20s. a year are the only dues, im posts, or taxes to which a miner, as such, is liable. In cases of disputed title priority of registration rules. The Gold Commissioners are to keep exact re cords of the "claims" registered, are to nyzke out every quarter lists of the. regi-tered miners to be posted :51 the districts, and all the registers and lists are to be open to the inspection of the public in the onttnissioners' offices gratis, for the security and information of the miners. Power is given to . tire miners themselves to form Mining Boards from among their 'awn communities, to consist of a number of members not less than six, nor more than 12, according to the amount of the miningpoTriation a each district. These Boards are inTested with power to make bylaws for regu lating the size of " claims" and of canals for sup plying the mines with water ; the mole in which mining "claims" may be registered, worked, itch!, and forfeited ; and to regulate and order all other matters relating to minis; in their several districts, subject. to the Gover?cor's approval, who is to be always kept furnished with information on all mining matters by the Cold . Commissioners. The bylaws of the-Mining Boards, when not contrary to the statute or common law, or to natural equity, shall be hell a, " goo:1 local law," and shall be ad mitted in evi,h‘nce in the erdinary tribunals in British Columbia. As a general rule, the 5;7..,3 of " ci;11,1 ." i n th e various `owllm not estal;;.i.:hed by the ;ardq, shall in. for "bar ( I d . , * • • “ ;-ng - -; 25 feet in width at hig'i2st water-roar c, ancl t hence extend ing do , .vn into `Le liver indefinitely ; for "dry ' di g _ cr ir• n „. "0; (-) : 1 ' 0 l'eet ; for "ravine di;gingi" 25 fie! along the ed of the ravine, and extending up to the top of each bank thereof, The first discoverers of a new mine when they consist of not more than two men shall be entitled to a double "claim." When they arc three in num ber they shall have five "claims" between them (collectively), anr! when they are four or more in number they shall be entitled to a claim and a-half each, the sizeof such " ci enterpriie being• " given as rewards conformable to that of the stablished size of " c_ nearest, to the discovery. There are other privilegc3 conferred on the ml: ers to give theai an interest in the country and to ren der their lives comfortable. aims" in the mine or digging Every miner shall be entitled to the occupation of a space of land not to exceed five acres, rent free, for a garden and residence; and it is made the duty of the Gold Commissioners to mark out such land at the miner's request. For this service 10s. is to be pail for the use of the Crown. Traders, shopkeepers, eating-house keepers, &c., in the diggings are also entitled to a plot of land for a house and garden not exceeding one acre each, to be held and enjoyed with the crops thereon so long as they shall pay the license duty imposed on their businees ; but all auriferous land so allocated near.a mine may be resumed by the Crown on six months' notice, if required for mining purposes. All other interests, while fully protected, are in a man ner made subservient to the mining interest. The Gold Commissioners are to be paid by sala ries, and must never accept fees. To prevent litigation, all mining disputes may be decided by the Gold Comrnisai mers without limit in value, except in cases of partnerships, where the capital is aisovo £2OO. Appeals in serious cases reserved to the law courts; and the forms of pro ceedings in all cases made very simple and freed from all verbiage and technicality. The Gold Com missioners have power also to abate encroachments in a summary manner, so that the weak shall not be kept out of their rights by the strong or rich during the pendency of a long litigation. The above rules or laws apply to the interests in volved in the class of mining, known as " placer" or surface diggings, emphatically to " the diggings." To encourage the combination of labour and capi tal in " diggings," which, in many localities is es sential to the profitable working of the " placers," it is provided that mining " leases may be granted for such term of years, upon such conditions as to rent and the mode of working, and as to any water privileges connected therewith, and otherwise in each case, as shall be deemed expedient by the Governor ;" and, judging by the interest which he has taken in the affairs of British Colum bia hitherto, there can be no doubt that he would act in a spirit of justice and liberality in the case of mining leases sought by industrious miners, or by companies composed of such, or of others who would invest capital in the operation. The Governor has laid. it down as a general principle, however, in his rules and regulations for the working of gold mines, issued in conformity with the Act which I have been abstracting, that— " In general, leases v,ill not be granted for a longer term than 10 years, or for a larger space than 10 acres of alluvial soil (meaning dry dig gings'), or half a mile in length of unworked quartz reef, or a mile and a half in length of quartz, with liberty to follow the spurs, dips, and angles on and within the surface for 200 feet on each side of the main lead or seam ; or in bar diggings' half a mile in length along the high water mark; or a mile and a half in length along the high water mark where the saute shall have been attempted and abandoned by individual claim-workers." Further, in general no such leases will be granted of land immediately available for being worked by miners as holders of individual claims, nor will any leases be given of land in the occupation of miners except with their consent. In short, every encou ragement, security, and protection are first given to the individual miner, and it is desired that he be supplied with mining ground before capitalists can come in competition with him. I have been so particular in giving the law re specting the future occupation of mineral land in quantity to be worked by associated capital, because vast sums are invested in mining com , anies engaged in similar enterprises in California, and because I do not doubt that English capital will be directed in similar undertakings to British Coluthbia. I may add that in the latter country there is auriferous land and room enough for all the individual miners and for all the associated capitalists who may come or send to try their luck. Provision is made for quartz mining by machi- nery. This part of the law is defective ; but as no quartz mines have bun opened as yet, the faulti nees of the provision is of no importance. 11 this branch of mining is developed, suitable rules will be rnado for carrying it on. There is another very important enterprise con nected with, and essential to, mining—that is, sup plying the miners with water by artificial means. This industry is also encouraged and protected, on the owe ;:r of a " water-ditch" or canal paying a rent ( - Zone day's average receipts from the sale of the water per month. In case of dispute as tG the daily receipts, to estimate the monthly rent, the matter is to be decided by the Gold Commissioner, with the assistance of a jury, if he shall so think fit. Miners are a class of men so difficult to please by reason of the excitability of temperament induced by the gambling character of their occupation that I cannot venture to predict the effect of this law upon them. That a code was called for there is no doubt. The want of a general law on mining in California, I know, was injurious to the interests of the miners in that country. I trust the present measure will have the effect of-preventing many of the evils I saw there—bad feeling, injustice, blood• shed, oppression, and litigation. Its success in Columbia must depend mainly 'upon the good sense, discretion, and management of the Gold Commissioners, to whom great powers of interfer ence for the protection of the rights of the miners are given. I don't see how this could well be avoided without leaving the miners a prey to liti gation from continual disputes. If wisely worked, the Act will be a boon to the miners and canal owners of British Columbia. The Governor and Colonel Moody proceed to British Columbia to-morrow. The mines continue to produce a satisfuetory yield of gold. Such miners as abandon good pay ing diggings for reported richer ones generally fail and give a bad name to the mining country. The " wanderings" of a body of miners who went from the lower part of Fraser 's River to T'ort Alexander in New Caledonia, several hundred miles off, are likely to cud in disappointment. A party which went to Queen Charlotte's Island lately have also re turned. Some of the adventurers saying there is tin gold on the island—others, that the party did not prospect" sufficiently—and seine asserting that the country is rich and showing gold in proof of their assertion. As to British Columbia, I have irrefra gible proof in the qw.ntity of gold exported, in the revenue collected, and inthe merchandise consumed, that the individual miner earns much more than was ever earned in California or Australia. Her Majesty's ship Ganges, with Admiral Baynes on board, is here ; so is the Pylades, Captain de Courcy, returned a week ago from San Francisco; and the Tribune, Captain Hornby. The Satellite, Captain Prevost, is at Sun Juan, and the Plumper, Captain Richards, is surveying, Lut will be in port to-morrow. All these men of war will remain here until we Imo .v the determination of the Govern ment on the San Juan outrage. !Yesterday a sailing vessel from China brought us terrible news of our defeat at the mouth of the Peino-47 days' passage. fADVFMTISEMENT.I—The salutary effect of Du Barry's lelicious Itevalenta Arabica Food in removing indigestion (41ysp,:psia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver complaints, emr,;h, aF;them, consumption and debility, without medi c ine, is admirably displayed by ' the following letters :—" ltidlintlonit , ),ctory, Norfolk, Jun; 10, 1350. No. 4,2oB.—Eight years dyspepsia, nervousness, debility. with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had c.):1- '.' -.1 the advice, of many have been. effectually removed !,,- 1; 1 1;.,i-ry's hcalth-r6storing Fool. I shall be happy to an ;'.;:',..:w inviries.--IZev. J. NV. 1 , 1:well." " Bury, Lan cwillico, Aug. 17, 1A51. Gentlemen ,--For a considerable time I havo'macred severely front a vithiit pain in my la' side, extreme tilt ulency, accompanied by an intolerable sensation of hearthurn, and other disagyceable symptoms of dyspepsia. Varioui remedies, alleged infallible, were tried in vain, and for a long time I wee never 21 ho urs w ith ou t violent pain; indeed, I eras unlit for the performance of my daily duties. I Wrt.,4 induced to try your food. In less than ;In hour I brand relief, and my recovery was very rapid. The duties wlah previously had been an intolerabb burden, became a deligittfal ev.. , reise, and I have since :Lecomplisbed more labour with le:.: fatigue than I ever expected to be able to perform. I have never had a retturn of my complaint.-1). Thomas." In tins, at Is. Gd. ; lib., 35.; 21b., ss. Od.; 51b., 125.; 121 b.. 265. The 10Ib. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post- Dflize order. Du Barry and 7, Regent-street, Loudon' C0.,j.52, Piccadilly; -- Abbi;, 60, Fortnum, Mason, and Co., Gra , .'o ;Lurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, Oxford streA i 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and GO, Bishapsgate. street ; 85, Tottenham - court - road. Also at Dublin, and Thew • at Manchester, Sharp and Bewley and ' Draper . ; at Edinburg 't, Raimes - and Co.; at Liverpool, Nixon . a . , , , d Cc.;S utb- L au- at (~ amptOn j rtariclitil awl Sum Itznans, blaa Q uar,: , Scott; at York, LORD B_ROUGHA AT .NEWCASTLE -I ON-TYNE. 4- NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE, Oct. 29. The long-expected visit of Lord Brougham to this town took place last night, and he addressed the largest and most brilliant assembly ever held in the town. - Dr. HEADLAM, a venerable-looking old gentle man, apparently about the same age as Lord Broug hamewho has been associated with public life in Newcastle during the principal .part of the last half century, and who was one of the leaders of the great Reform party at the time of the Reform Bill, having presented an address to his lordship, Lord Buotemam rose to reply, and was received with great cheering. His lordship said,—l need hardly assure you that I receive this address, pre faced as it is by the kind—far too kind—statement of my excellent friend Dr. Headlam, with the greatest possible gratitude. (Applause.) I have been in the neighbouring county of York, and I have lately been also in the sister kingdom—if we may co call it—of Scotland ; and I have been every where, no doubt, to thank my fellow-citizens for the kind, the more than kind, the .affectionate re ception which I have met with—(applause)—not only from my old constituency in Yorkshire, not only from my old friends Who have survived in Edinburgh, but in all parts of the country. Even in those places through which 1 passed to-day I have received addresses, kind addresses, from the inhabitants of those different towns. (Applause.) When I consider this conduct of my fellow-citi zens, and when I see this immense meeting—the greatest by far that I ever had the happiness of attending—(cheers)—and when I reflect on the comparatively feeble services which I have rendered, and which have obtained for me their grateful thanks, their expressions of kindness and affection, I cannot help saying with Dr. Paley, " It is a happy world, after all." (Loud cheers.) In discussing the great question, long agitated, diffi cult to settle, if it can be settled, of the origin of evil, and proclaiming on the one hand the evil with which humanity is beset, and on the other hand the greater kindness which the benevolence, the infinite benevolence, of the Deity provides for us, he concluded by saying, " It is a happy world. after all." (Loud applause.) The subject that calls us together this evening, of mechanics' institutions —sometimes called mechanics' institutes, but more properly, for it is a more English phrase, mechanics' institutions—has been adverted to by my excellent friend on my right hand (Dr. Ileadlam.) I have one exception to make to his statement about it, and only one. He talked of my lamented friend and his fellow-student, George Birkbeck, as being a fellow-labourer with us. He was the author of mechanics' institutions. (Loud applause.) We seconded him, no more. We laboured as hard as we could, but lie began it. He began it 20 years before he established it in London. lle began it at Glas gow, where lie delivered a course of lectures to working men. (Applause.) This was the origin of mechanics' institutions. lle feet.' transferred it to London for the sake of g reater extension, and as being a more important plrce for large support. He it was that propounded it in London also, and not only proposed it and furthered it, but spent large sums of money upon it, which I am sorry to say his family have never been repaid. (Hear.) I hope and trust they will be repaid ; but these were the services of Dr. Birkbeck, and he it is that we must calr and always treat as the founder of me chanics' institutes. (Applause.) He laboured, we seconded him, no doubt, according to our means in our different capacities. We were his fellow-la bourers, but he was the first and the originator of this great step in social progress. (Applause.) It has been justly said that there hasbeen the greatest possible improvement in these institutions since this association began its labours. For instance, you have marked the statements of my friend your se cretary. 11 years ago how many members wire there of these institutions, of the various kinds of me chanics' institutions and apprentice libraries and reading-rooms ? Five-and-twenty hundred 11 years ago; now there are B,ooo—(hear) —no little increase in the comparatively short period of 11 years. How many hooka were there in the library at floe be ginning of that period? Eight-and-thirty thou sand—no inconsiderable number—enough to en courage hope, and enough to stimulate to further exertion. Accordingly to further exertion they weee stimulated. They were encouraged; and now, instead of eight-and-thirty thousand, 85,000 is the number of the books in the library. (Applause.) Now, I entirely agree with my hon. friend—one of your members who last addressed you—in his re marks upon what those libraries ought to be ; and he used a most happy expression, which I heard to-night for the first time, that books ought to be a man's companions as well as his teachers. (1 Lear.) And in their society lie ought sometimes to obtain information, sometimes to be set a-thinking, and pondering, and therefore increase his wisdom ; but aornctimca, aloo, to obtain relaxation, iur Lheae ni e the various qualities which society possesses , and these are the various goods which social intercourse bestows, partly to instruct, by the communication, the mutual communication, of intelligence ; partly to instruct by the mutual communication of infor mation in matter of fact ; but also partly.to relax, after the severity of the labours of the day, in harmless and even wholesbme amusement. (Ap plause.) • I therefore entirely agree with my hon. friend in condemning that error—l won't call it rigorous or puritanical, because I don't choose to call names—of those who maintain that no work of fiction is fit to find a place in those libraries. (Loud applause.) My hon. friend instanced various books, works of fiction, but he might have instanced the greater part of poetry. Shall poetry be excluded from all access to these libraries. Shall working men, and others of the class above the working class, not relax their minds by reading the works'of Dryden, and Pope, and, Milton ? Why, these are relaxations of the most refined order, and also wholesome to the mind, in producing right trains of thought, and producing right moral principles. (Applause.) I would except, as Mr. Ridley ex cepted, all works of a pernicious tendency; but there is no occasion to make any exception: This speaks for itself; but the innocent amusement to be ob, tained and the innocent relaxation—and the more than innocent, the wholesome and useful relaxation —to be obtained from works of fiction, which there• fore must be from their nature innocent, from their nature good, from their nature wholesome, the read ing community of all orders, from the humblest to the highest, ought to enjoy. (Applause) Much has been said by both my hon. friends your nmbers, Mr. Headlam as well as Mr. Ridley, of mechanics' institutions being supposed not to embrace those classes for whom they were primarily and chiefly intended ; and it is quite true, as Mr. Headlam ob served, that if they do not reach those classes, it is the fault in the construction of their rules, and in the management and adthinistration of their affairs. (Hear, hear.) Now, this association has lately, I am very sorry to find—l was not aware of it till to-night—excluded the two counties with which I am more particularly connected, Cumberland and Westmoreland ; and also I think Yorkshire was mentioned as having originally formed part of the scheme, but that it is now confined to the two coun ties of Northumberland and Durham. In Cumber land, particularly at Carlisle, we found at one time that there was a difficulty in obtaining the concur rence and active practical support of the working classes. My excellent friend, Dr. Elliott, I think it was, and one or two of his friends, of whom he was the chief, first su ,-, gested that in order to insure the confidence of these classes, the hest course would be 1 - 6 - confine the council and .committee of management entirely to these classes. (Applause.) A rule was laid down that no person .should be a member of the council who did not live by weekly wages. (Applause.) The consequence of this was immense. At once the rooms were filled. The rea& ing-rooms, which before had been deserted, were immediately filled, and ever since that they have hcen the favourite resort of the working classes. So it has been at Kendal and at Manchester, and at other places ; some of them in the county of Northumberland, whet c the Carlisle rule was adopted. It is chiefly applicable to reading-rooms and libraries. There are some difficulties in apply ing it to mechanics' institutions which are support( d by lectures ; but to libraries and reading-rooms of all descriptions the rule has been most successfully applied. I should say applied with unvarying suc cess. As I said before, they have become favourites of those classes, and rivals—successful rivalsof other rooms—(applause)—not private rooms, but public rooms—(laughter and applause)—where not books, not journals nor newspapers arc to be found —at least if they are found, in very small propor tions are they found ; but something else, which I will not name, is to be found, and is distributed to who can afflrd to rob their wives and children of pence, in order to gratify themselves, and winch, I am sorry to say, has not,the effect of greatly im proving them. (Loud applause.) it has neither the effect of instructing nor of amusing, nor of keeping in good order the thoughts and the feelings and the passions ; but if I were to say that the distribution i of this matter rather has the vely opposite eifoet— (hear, hear)—l should not by any means be guilty of exaggeration. These public roams to which 1 ecier, the reading-rooms and apprentice lila. tric s of these institutions, which have adopted the Carlisle rule, have been found formidable, and not only for midahle, but successful, triumphant rivals. (Loud applause.) I have often had occasion to state my opinions to the working classes upon some 'mints in their conduct which deserved consideration, and the remark': which I have occasionally been lcd to make arc not applicable to the working classes alone, b 4 are equally applicable to all classes of society-10 the middle ranks, to the higher ranks, and to the highest ranks ; but to the working classes their applicability is peculiar. Now, one of those maxims that I have taken leave on various occasions of this sort to lay down is the great economy of time. I consider time is the Working man's currency. (Hear, hear.) His capital is his industry, his knowledge, his skill, his experience. I compare his time to a kind of currency, and then I apply to that currency the maxim applied to common cur rency, "Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves." (Hear, hear.) Take care of the minutes, and the hours will take care of themselves. (Applause.) Another maxim I have occasionally referred to applies to all business, and to men of business of all kinds. Never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day (applause), and I once or twice have mentioned an exception—a very glaring exception—which I know to this rule in a very old friend of mine who is now no more— -1 mean the late Princerralleyrand—who went upon the opposite principle of never doing to-clay what you can put off till to-morrow (laughter), and he sometimes, as an apology for the promulgation of this doctrine, used to give two or three instances, culled from many, I have no doubt, in which his doctrine had failed, in which, having been called on to answer a despatch or answer some application, he, when his secretary said, "had he not better answer it to-day ?it came yesterday," said, "No, no, put it off for a day or two ;" and ha waited three or four days, and then came an account which showed that no answer was required—that the thing was done. (Laughter.) But these were ex ceptions—these were mere casual exceptions; and the general rule I hold to be quite against the Prince, though his experience and his talents were no doubt very great, and that you should never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day. (Applause) Perhaps you would rather think me encroaching upon your time and upon the province of my rev. friend, your worthy vicar, if I were to make any further reference to those practical rules ; but, as we are upon a practical subject, and among practical men, I will take this course. Another maxim, which I took occasion to mention to my excellent friend, Mr. Cowen, on our way here, when we were speaking of the railway to-morrow, was, that it is always better to be a quarter of an hour too early than a quarter of a minute too late. (Applause and laughter.) Now this is a very im portant rule; and •it implies a principle of the greatest passible moment : it is that you should always anticipate the effects of ignorance—not wait till you are a sufferer by ignorance—(hear, hear)—not wait till you find harm done to you by your want of information, or your want of skill, or imperfect experience. It is too late then. Fools are taught by experience : wise men by observa tion and reflection. (Applause.) The fool waits till he feels the loss of what he ought to have secured; and he suars that which he might have prevented, if he had taken the proper time to obtain the information. So it is in all matters. The want of preparation—the delaying the proper time, the fit time, till it is too late, when the effects of the want have begun to be felt, this is the greatest mischief that can happen, for then the remedy comes too late. The. mischief's done; and this applies to all sorts of pursuits—in peace, in trade, in the matter of health, in war as well as in peace. If you wait till you are attacked, and begin then to defend yourselves, it is too late—you ought to have defended yourselves, you ought to have prepared your defence, before you were attacked. (Applause.) Thu greatest orator of antiquity—the greatest orator who ever appeared in the world, tells the Athenians " Why, you are doing as the barbarians do : they too light ; they too attack ; they too give blows, but they wait till they are struck ; and after they are struck, they put forth their strength, and return the blows, and it is too late. Provide your defences ; make your attack ; but make it before you are attacked yourselves, then your defence is of some use ; afterwards it comes too late." Though I am digressing for a single moment from the sub ject of our present meeting, I hold this to be the true wisdom of this country at the present time. (Applause.) I hope and trust that from one end of the island to the other the people of this country feel that they have no reason to distrust our neigh bours ; on the contrary, that they trust their neigh bours, but they trust themselves more—(applause) —and that, without any distrust either of our neighbours or of ourselves, it is our business, at all events, to be so prepared and so well defended as to make attack not only impossible to succeed, but impossible to be made. (Cheers.) On this subject I have given you an illustration of the homely maxim I set out with, stating that it is better to-be a quarter of an hour too early than a quarter of a minute too late. (Applause.) It is better to de fold yourselves even before it is absolutely neces sary, because if yonwait till it necessarily comes your defcnce will conic too late. Allow me once more to return you my most hearty thanks for the kind reception which I have met with among you. In former times I used to pass a considerable portion of each year, when I went the northern circuit, in this town of Newcastle and in Durham. For the last 30 years, when I have ceased to be a member of the bar, of course I have not had an opportunity of coining among you; but I find among you the same cordial reception which I always did when I was here upon my professional avocations. (fend applause.) TIL-131ES I , 3IBANK3TENT AND A D 311RALTY VE The following letter, addressed to Mr. T. Hawks ley. the eminent civil engineer, by Sir W. Worsley, Bart., has been sent to us for publication : TO MR. T. lIA.WKSLEY. C.E. Sir,—Permit me to thank you for reminding me of the two supposed objections to the dam principle : 1. That silt would be injuriously brought. 2. That the low town districts would be rendered less dry. These objections, if founded on fact, would be seri. ous ones, but I feel you would not, on due consi deration, like to endorse them ; prior, however, to showing this, I must mention that the observations in your report of Nov., 1837, to the Metropolitan Board, " admitting that a dam would effect the pu rification of the river through the town," and to which I allude at p. 6 in the pamphlet I sent you, are identical with my suggestion of a dam submit ted to the Board in 1856 ; also that your report does not distinguish whether the injury alleged by the Admiralty as likely to occur from silt would take place above or below such dam ; and that as to my .being in "error" respecting the quarter of the river to which you meant the objection to apply, the remark is hardly a fair one, seeing that I had elsewhere gone into the facts of the silt question, and that the hypothetical case (p. 10) establishes those facts. You now_say you meant that the injury would occur below the dam ; an admission that comes after it had been shown by my figures rela tive to the commerce of the river anddocks as they exist at present, that it could not be above the darn, and that a high water Pool dock would' not only be no injury but an enormous advantage. The Admiralty complaint, then, comes to this — that • commerce would suffer below dam ; let us therefore examine the weight of this objection. It is known, theoretically and practically, that silt is always more or less in motion 0:4 the bed of a large river estuary, and that a deposit of silt will sometimes occur in the Thames Pool on the very spot from which a previous bed had been just dredged, notwithstanding there had been no un usual flood from the upcountry, showing that the fresh bed of silt must have come up river, it being at the same time pethctly • evident, from the sta tionary character of the estuary's main features, that the silt in it must be either nearly a constant quantity, or that it ultimately passes into the sea. No unusual permanent accumulation occurs—if it did, the estuary would long since have been silted Up, save only the needful channel for taking off the water from the country. Again, an unusual removal of silt, unless in a long line with the stream, would gradually be made np either from above or below, until the estuary assumed its wonted state, as shoWn by my evidence quoted in the Government report of 1856, and further explaine (p. 11) in the pamphlet. The causing an artificial increase iu the velocity of the flood-tide, by permitting it to discharge it self into some large excavation towards the limit of the tidal flow, would both increase the erosion and bring up more silt, to be left by the ebb where ever it found a place suited to receive it ; and this process would go on until the estuary again came under its natural law. On the other hand, if you diminish the velocity of the current by intercepting a portion of the flood-tide water there would, of course, be less tendency to erosion and less silt brought. up ; the per tentage of water to be stopped, in the case of the Thames, would, however, be to.) trifling to produce any appreciable (litre:mice. The estuary would remain in sight yun. This we know, practically, would 1).) the rtsult, as I shall show, presently, by an instance in point. Ifthe character of a long river estuary were to be materially changed by greatly shortening its course into the sea, or, by diverting its ordinary supply cf water from the up country, the mouth of such estuary might soon silt up to a serious extent, as happens sometimes in artificial harbours. thein un Pool, nsu a olN\i- flood, od to h a as n number h e eccasioull ac c um u l a ti on o f s ilt on some s p o t f o o tte l n ."7ls a lull at that p o i nt is the main current, or from soiiie cawing removed by Crcdging, as above referred to, rather than wait its more tedious removal by 'the ordinary estuary action. On my pr'neiple, notAting of this kind could occur Se age, bcing buoyant und er a moderate ac lion of the water, is governed by a different law, as I pointed out to the Board in refere nee to• BazJigetto's first report in 1836 1 in ;ditch he assumed—and he now goes back to his old conclu sion—that an outfall 14 . or 15 miles below bridge would insure the sewage passing off' down river; which view has, you know, been since elaborately canvassed, and repeatedly condemned, as hydrody namically wrong. No one questions Mr. B.'s scienti fic skill in planning vast schemes of drainage suited to the wealth, and supposed wants of the town, but I must hesitate before I believe the engineering mind, so to speak, is equally satisfied that he will succeed as regards the priinary object of the act—the puri fication of the river. I have no feeling against Mr. 8., indeed, he would tell you I wrote him in 1856 to the effect that I hoped he would be the person entrusted to carry out whatever suitable plan might be adopted. I must now refer to the promised case, as regards silt not being injuriously brought up by a darn. Since the receipt of your favour I have been visit ing in the neighbourhood of the tidal dam and lock on river Ouse, four miles below York, and took the opportunity to inspect the same. These works were constructed under an act of the 13th of Geo. 1., for the improvement of the navigation from that point upwards. The tidal rise just below the dam ranges as high as nine or ten feet. Prior to the dam the tide at York, 80 miles from the sea, rose from three to five feet. For 10 or 12 miles from the • dam upwards—that is, as far as the water is penned back—this river may be termed a high-tide down water like, and from its general pellucid state, and high level, adds very greatly to the commercial, sanatory, and social condition of that ancient and interesting city. The river, or estuary, downwards, loses, in conse quence of this dam, probably four or five per cent. of its former ebb water, but this has never been known to injure the navigation in the smallest de gree by any permanent deposit of silt in the bed of the estuary ; on the contrary, vessels conic up of as deep a draught as before the lock was made. The commercial lead at Hull originated in the greater accommodation there, and the increased size and draught of sea-going vessels. The Ouse area the Humber are, perhaps, subject to somewhat mare marked variations in the up and down currents than the Thames, and silt may occa sionally drift more largely from place to place in the former than in the latter river, but without any permanent injury to the navigation. The Ouse estuary has, in fret, remained practically in slats quo for the last 70 years ; that is, ever since the tide had been intercepted by the above-named dam. In this case the Admiralty fortunately did not, I believe, know what works were contemplated, or possibly the dam and lock might yet be only loom ing in the distance, or the project so coupled with absurd conditions as to damp all speculative ardour. The - works themselves shew that the Ouse was never alapted to vessels of much draught or length, but, such as it was below dam, such it remains. The only question would be, whether the lock and dam would have answered the object in view better had they been placed somewhat farther down, so as to have given a greater depth both ways ; three or four additional feet of depth upwards might, pro bably, have been attained, as the banks are deep. No doubt the precise spot, as well as the length of lock, were decided on in reference to the draught and length of vessels then trading to York. In respect to the vast commercial advantages from the down river dock at Bristol, and apart from the perfectly purified condition •of the water and ihe atmosphere at that place, they are, as they must always be, in the ratio of its depth and magnitude. lam not prepared to say how long, or in what way, the AdmiraPy interfered to prevent those im provernests being carried out—no doubt as long as red-tapeconsistency would permit; their consent, I am told,' was not given until it had been arranged that a compensation channel, as they call it, was to be simultaneously cut ;" which, whatever advantage the Admiralty might anticipate from it, was ac cordingly carried into execution, the same being now looked upon generally, as little better, if not worse, than a dead waste. every way. In regard to the Thames. then, it is evident that if our or five per cent. of the water—and this it has been ascertained would be the whole difference— that usually flews up were to be intercepted by means of a dam at Blackwell, no injury would occur from silt ; on the contrary, the velocity of the current would, pro tanto, be diminished, and the tendency to bring up silt lessened. Besides the tidal rise immediate:y at the dam would be wholly vertical ; there could, therefore, be no ten dency, to bring up, or deposit silt in that quarter ; in fact, the very small alteration in the current, whether up or down, would hardly be appreciable in any respect; the effect, such as it was, would, however, be in favour of not bringing up more silt, whilst the letting off, at low tide, of the super fluous ordinary and flood water would produce a down scour much more active in regard to silt than the tidal ebb could, under any circumstances, effect ; thus increasing the tendency to carry the silt down. You see, then, from the foregoing facts and princi ples, that we are, necessarily, brought to the con clusion, in spito.ef.the known Admiralty objection, that the bed of the estuary could not possibly be injuriously affected as regards silt by the proposed dam. As to any improvement in the lower navigation, that is another question. If it were wished to in cease the width and depth of the estuary, we have seen that the tidal law would effect both, ifthe above men!ioned additional excavation were . resorted to; but the estuary is deep and wide enough ; and as it has been indisputably shown that it would remain so, why hesitate to secure the commercial, purifying, and other obvious benefits incidental to the proposed plan ? In reference to the pollution of the river, it seems now certain that no attempt at a cure by any new system, will be listened to by the Admiralty; they evidently regard that pollution ..not merely as a necessity, but as an all-important agrement—we can hardly at least suppose they really think that silt would accumulate injuriously, the facts and all experience being diametrically opposed to that view. Whatever their existing powers were, they have somehow contrived to get a veto on on this point introduced into the new act. Since then they have determined on a pertinacious ignoring of the com• mercial improvement, health, comfort, and credit of the town, on the faith of an erroneous dogma; all we can say ;therefore is, that the sooner they can be brought to disabuse their minds of this belief the better. They cannot take up a more untenable position than they have done. After all, however, considering that h tired of innovation which seems to be the characteristic of the Admiralty, and the sort of prescriptive right they claim to oppose all changes that come within their jurisdiction, we ought not perhaps to wonder at their setting up the cry, that the navigation Would be injured by " the silting up" (as you explain their objection) of the river, owing to some four or five per cent of the forty or fifty miles of a widely-expanded estuary being intercepted. They will have it that a!1 comes up, whilst Mr. Bazalgette is just as determined that all goes down. Now, these gentlemen cannot all be right; both sides are, in fact, as I have always en deavoured to show, partly right and partly wrong. This arises from not duly considering the different effects of tidal action on non-buoyant and partly buoyant subjects. Nature arranges these matters, as she always does, with the greatest advantage, and her principle here is .to keep useful organic substances from going into the sea, whilst she dis charges comparatively useless inorganic ones into it; the processes by . which she works are slow ones, .but all experience . proves the truth of these two ten dencies ; in other words, the navigation of the estu ary, as well as its purifying foreshores have, from . limnirnmemorial, been much the same as they are now, and would remain so, under the proposed change, for ages to come. Many remember that prior to the present . system of house drainage into the river, so:ne of its foreshores had formerly a much deeper deposit of mud, but no one alleges that there is, anywhere, more mud now than there used to be ; the reason of this it is needless to repeat. Tho mud banks might still have been tolerated as .heretofore, had we not become so much more fastidious as to smells, and alive to the danger of an atmosphere seriously contaminated with noxious exhalations from the river, particularly at high water, surcharged as it is to the very surface with organic substances in a state of putrescence, steaming for weeks together under an almost tropical sun, and emitting at all times highly deleterious gases, no matter whether they be alwaye offensive to tire smell or not. The' bject then to be achieved, and without which the community at large never ought to be, and never will be satisfied, is an actual purification of the river through the metropolis ; - but it appears there is something like an insuperable bar to this consum mation. " Right or wrong" the Admiralty "will not tolerate" the plan I propose, which you yourself acknowledge would purify t!.(; river, whilst you hold out no hope of doinc , so effectually by any othe r one. They rejoice in rather Thames as he is. They have long been case-hardened to his distempered eon dition, ;111(1, having a pas/ last voice in the matter, they Nviil, of course, remain where they arc—on the London Margin of ;he Thames ; the more susceptible portion of Vie L"gislat tiro, with t,lieir host of sea ion, shop- Fre:pieta ing followers will, I should ima gine, rather be fail to call, and that with no doubt ful vote, for new Houses of Parliament, new man sions, and new parks, on his more hygcian banks at Windsor or Oxford. Mr. Bazalgette's first plan was, you know, brought out, very confidently, early in 1856, and my brief objections to it appeared shortly afterwards, when his plan was rejected. A ponderous and very costly blue-book drainage report, with other elabo rate enquiries, and two years' delay ensued. Mr. B. was, of course, disappointed, and perhap9 the rather as my objections were virtually admitt(d) before the Select Committee of the House of Com mons, &c., to be well founded. Everything now again hangs on his fiat. His old view is insisted on, and Admiralty red tape is brought—indirectly indeed—to bear in his favour ; but this mode of proceeding will hardly do, and time will probably elaborate a more desirable issue. His misconcep tion may seem a trifling one, but we see it would both perpetuate serious evils, and stand iu the way of important benefits. I have been for some time aware of the supposed misapprehension on the part of the Admiralty; in deed I had a communication or undoubted autho rity from that quarter a year ago as to the view taken by the Admiralty on the silt question—to which any more direct rep'.y than this letter would now seem needless. In short, though you may not be so free to publish it as I am, the engineering world are, I believe, quite aware of the known ob jections of the Admiralty upon this apprehension of any works by which the tidal action would be diminished, and that " the Houses of Parliament support them in all their acts," and that, therefore, " whether it be or be not safe as respects the lower navigation" to place a dam in the situation, I propose the Admiralty " would not tolerate" the notion. I am, with most others I believe, quite inclined to credit—ought I to gay—the pertinacity or blindness of the Admiralty as regards their sole objection, but I cannot think that the Houses of Parliament will countenance error come from whence it may, espe cially when opposed to the commercial, sanatory, social, and ornamental character of the metropolis. I only wish the obstructives had my faith, not only that commerce ;would be uninjured, but that it would be incalculably benefited by the proposed change, and that Mr. Balzagette would sanction, what I fancy he must feel to be true, that the river in the locality of the town never can be purified, to any bearable degree, so long as it is permitted to flow thLough that quarter as a tidal one. If we hope to obtain the benefits sought, we must both observe the natural laws on which they depend, and also bring into the field the three parties by whose combined exertions alone those benefits are ever likely to be achieved, as referred to (page 20) in these words, " Indeed, unless this course he taken it would only be a snare to leave the public in the hope that the river was going to be purified." Under the definite agreement subsisting between the Go vernment and the Corporation such union of forces would be a matter of course. - The board has just now admitted the necessity of my suggestion of November last, that themselves, the Government and the Corporation should unite their efforts in regard to embanking and purifying the river. Embankments of some sort or other are now regarded as a sine qua non,—but the project, said to be counte nanced by the Board, of a long, broad island em bankment, down each side of the bed of the river at low-water mark, with side barge basins, would be every way commercially wrong, very costly, and a serious nuisance and eye-sore. as shewn at page 13 and 14. Gn the other hand, terrace embankments, having intercepting drains built into them, and faced with quay walls, &c., on the high-water dock principle, would be inexpensive, commercially advantageous, very ornamental ; and no perceptible infringement, as to width, on the prestige of the river. The objection that a high-level dock would make the low town districts less - dry seems equally groundless. The benefit derived from low intercept ing cuts, or drains, on each side of, and near to a higher stream drain, arises from having the subter ranean saturation drawn off into such lateral cuts, and carried away, independently . of the middle stream. The idea that the water in the middle streain.would, from being on a higher level, escape through its bed under the side cuts into the land to be drained is more imagimary than real. The ten dency in a river is to force mud or clay into the pores of its bed, or, so to coat it over as that it may be able to carry the superincumbent water without filtration. If this were not so, rivers would seldom fulfil their appointed end ; sometimes, indeed they do lose themselves in beds of stone, gravel, or sand, but this is the exception, not the rule. Gravel and sand-beds are natural reservoirs of water, and are supplied from rain and springs, in dependently of rivers, and when drains or wells are cut into them the water readily filters out as long as there is any stored up saturation, after which there will only be the ordinary influx from the springs. The almost universal fact was shown to be the case when the gravel bed near to, and commu nicating with the Thames was being excavated to the extent of 90 acres for the Victoria Docks. The influx of water into this excavation was, at first, so large as to cause a heavy expense in pumping,— the influx; afterwards, was trifUng,—nothing more, probably, than filtration from the springs. • The not uufrequent breaking in of tidal water over the low town districts,—which must happen under the simultaneous occurrence of a large down increase of water, a high spring tide, and a strong north wind up river cannot but greatly increase the subterranean saturation,—an evil, in a sanitary point of view, and apart from injury to property, held to be most serious by, I believe, all medical men who . have ever thou g ht on th e su bj ect, an d Which is, in fact, the great evil and difficulty under the present tidal system of the low level drainage, which must therefore be guarded against at almost any cost, but for which it would seem hopeless to attempt to provide any effectual remedy, except the plan I have ventured to propose.—l am, sir, your obedient servant, WM: WORSLEY. HoYingham Hall, York, Oct. 22, 1859. POLICE INTELLIGEN CE7 Oct. 30. LAMBETH.--EXTRAORDINARY CASE OF AF FILIATION.—A SECOND JOSEPIL—John Liti,don t a tall, cadaverous-looking man, about 30 years of age, and with a profusion of hair and whiskers, at tended before Mr. Yardley on a summons calling upon him to show cause why an order of affiliation should not be made on him for the support of a male child to hich Elizabeth Mcakson had given birth, and of which c hild h e was a ll ege d t o b the father. The complainant, a rather good-looking young woman, who carried her ille g itimate offspring in ' her arms, deposed that she had become acquainted with the defendant about two years ago, and had been in the habit for the greater portion of that time of washing for him, but it was only in Sep tember twelvemonths that any intimacy of an ini• proper character took place between them. In that month she had slept two nights with the defendant, the first time at a coffee-house in the Walworth road, and the second, a fortnight after, at another coffee-house in the London road, and soon after she discovered that she was in the "family wit . ." She told the prisoner of her situation, but he refused to do anything for her. In her cross-examination by Mr. Edwin, who attended for the defendant, the complainant ad mitted that she had not seen the defendant from Christmas last, when sho told him of her situation, until that morning, except observing him once or twice passing her father's house. Mr. Edwin—The defendant courted you with the intention of making you his wife ? Witness—He did, sir. Mr. Edwin—Now, tell his worship what it was that caused him to'thange his mind. Witness—No, I cannot. Mr. Edwin—llid you at any time make him a present of a silk handkerchief ? Witness, after some hesitation—Yes, I think I Mr. Edwin—Now, tell his worship what you told my client when you gave him the handker chief. Did you not tqll him that you got it from a gentleman with whom you slept the night before, whose initials were in the corner ? Did you not say also that he gave you half a sovereign, and that you were to meet him by appointment next night ? Witness—No such thing ; I have not slept with any one but John Li n d on s i nce I k new hi m . Onbeing further pressed, the complainant ad mitted that she had been seduced before meeting with the defendant, but repeated she had no im• proper intimacy with any other person since she had given up her company to the defendant. 111 r. Edwin—There are one or two questions more. Did you not purchase the wedding ring, and were you not very anxious that the defendant should marry you just before you disclosed to him the position you were in ? Witness—lt was no such thing. I was not anxious to marry him, though I purchased the ring. Mr. Edwin—Did you not tell your sister that the defendant purchased the ring? Witness—No, I did not. Mr. Edwin—\Vhat is the colour of the child's eyes ? Are they not quite blue, while those or the defendant as NMI as your own are perfectly black ? (Laughter.) The complainant declined answering the ques- tion, and the gnzo of the auditory 'was- at once placed on the infant in her arms, whose eyes were remarkably blue, and altogether different from those of the defendant's. The complainant called two witnesses, whose evi dence went merely to prove previous good character, and not corroborative of her testimony as to the claim of parent To of the defendant. The com plainant, however, said there was a third witness, whose evidence would be corroborative in two ma terial points, but she had not made her appearance as she expected. Mr. Yardley here told the complainant she migilt, if she thought proper, avail herself of the testimony of the defendant, and if she desired it, he would - -- call the defendant into the witness-box and have him sworn. • The complainant requested that this might be done, and - The defendant was accordingly called into the witness-box and sworn. He said that about the beginning of September in the last y e ar, at whic h ! time he was keeping her company, the complainant came up to him one morning in the Borough , 01i '1 said she had slept with a gentleman ou the nigl i b before, who bad given her half-a-sovereign , a nd presented her with a silk handkerchief, -with his initials in the corner, and requested his (witness' s) . acceptance of the latter. He did accept of it, an it was the same he then produced ; and after this be had made up his mind not to marry her, though she appeared very anxious just then that he sho ul d lie would swear positively that he never had any connexion with the young woman in all his life. Air. Yardley—Have you heard what she h as swcra to, namely, that you had actually slept two nights with her—once at a coffee-house in the Walworth-road, and the other at a coffee-house in the London-road? What have you got to say to this ? Defendant—Well, that is true, your worship. (Laughter.) I did sleep with her at the coffee-shoP e she mentions, but I had been ill before. Mr. Yardley—How came you to sleep with the complain ant ? Defendant—Well, Sir, I met her one night, wi le° she said she had left her father's house, that she had money to pay for a bed, and wished me to sleep with her, and I did. She met me a second time' and told me the same, and I slept with her a se cond time, but that was on the 14th and 28th October, and not September. Mr. Yardley—Then arc you prepared to °T S ; that though you slept two nights with her, that you had no connexion with this young woman ? Defendant--I am prepared and do swear it. Mr. Yardley 7 --Are you an Irishman ? Defendant—No, Sir ; I am an Englishman• was bred and born at Plymouth. Mr. Yardley—l should have thought you to to Welshman, from your own description of going, t bid two different nights. It was very like a l. is described as bundling in Wales. (Lauer h vi te r it The case is a very extraordinary one, and I she' adjourn it for a week, to give time for the Villa plainant to produce lies witness, and also to oiler,. an opportunity of Making further inquiries resP ec ' ing the antecedents of the ecraplainant. HAM NIF.RSMITH.—APPLICATION FOR A 1 3 ;: :; " TECTION ORDER.—ROYAL'S WlFE.—After thew°. posal of the night charges, a cleanly-dressed Yelll woman entered the witness box, and applied WI order to protect her earnings from her ho b , td She stated that her name was Elizabeth Royal, a n d was the wife of George Frederick Royal, wh o L. indicted at the Central. Criminal Court on 1 - 0 " -- day, for the murder of Zipporah Wright, by p oiso n ' and was acquitted. Mr. Ingham--Where do you live ? Applicant—At No. 4, William-street, Uxbridge street, Notting-hill. Mr. Ingham—Did you give your husband all cause for leaving you ? out Applicant—None, Sir. He deserted me i - 0 , 1 years last May, leaving me with three chilux.eth and with the expectation of being confined W another. Mr. Ingham—Have you seen him since ? w as Applicant—Not until a month ago, when be charged at the Thames Police Court. P Mr. Ingham—H ow d o y ou ge t your living e k, Applicant—l go out washing three days I °, l- . 154 I I can keep mys e lf an d c hild ren comfortable, e can't keep him. Mr. Ingham—And you want your s p re' earning tected ? Applicant—Yz , s, Sir. Mr. Ingham—Have you any furniture? Applicant—Yes, sir; I have one room full',"to Mr. In,g-ham—Then you shall have the ora protect your earnings and furniture. Applicant—Thank you, sir. t sh e Mr. Ingham then told the applicant Oa ur t, would have to register the order at the county c° to make it valid. COUNTRY MARKETS COLCIIE STER—OcT. 29. A firm supply of wh:At to-day at the corn-Whittle; and the trade was firm, at about late rates. Fine rnsl barley in good demand, and rather dearer. Bonus scut e° and also peas, at full prices. Wheat, white 42 s to 50 s Beans,Mazagan.. 32s - 0 42 red 32 s to 42 s I Middle & small 36s 0 Barley 3% I to 46s White peas ......40s 0 s si Oats 2os to 28s Grey.. ........ 350 t. CHL. A fair supply of wheat s FOR and ba D rley, cl% and2B a an attic' b usi aor i 0 ness transacted. Best qualities of wheat were I.? s r ate , * some instances, and inferior sorts supported preVl og Spring corn was dull. Wheat, white 42s to 53s red 40s to 468 Barley 12s to 408 Chevalier ....34s to 44s Grinding. 22s to 288 Malt (308 to 66s Chevalier —63 s to 68s Oats 248 to 338 Pe " , Partridge ..38s to 40; White . . ...... 383 to 4O 13oiling ...... 33s to 4P Dun .....• .33s to 363 Beans, Tick •. : .403 to 421 Harrow 'ricks 41s to 440 Mazagan ...... 363 384 OXFORD—Ocr 29. A liberal quantity of grain of all ii n ds on offer . very plinth of it, owing to the late wet weather, No s 111 ,, bite) middling. condition. A good attendance, and wo clac er q r. rates—viz., for white, 43s to sos, red 41s to 47s P 500 ; Barley, 28s to 46s • oats, 20s to 30s ; beans, 38° t iFlou r f hog peas, 39s to '428 ; boilers, 42s to 50s per qr . 32s per sack. Hay, from £3 1s to £4 Os per ton. RBY—, 29. A TrA d. At market yesterd a y awhea came freely to , la st was active, but no advance upon the currencies 0 ' 000 week. Barley in moderato demand, and as dean s w ere were sold at an advance of is on late ra tes. Ile3ll n also sold at is advance. White wheat, new, 44s to 50s Barley, grinding% • 2 5 4: t t o ° fl 7l Red do. 4OR to 46s Oats, old, ...... / 4 t o 27‘ Old white 4ls to 50s New do .......... to A i Red do.. 403 to 46s 8ean5............ 3to Barley, malting.— 36 Is to 44s Beans, U ...... At this corn-market wheat was in averag e suPlO s ; or OOP NORTHAMPTON—Ocr. 29. i na nova at about late rates—prices ranging from 40s to 45 fair trade and 428 to 46s per quarter for old. Ther e was a no ted 11 passing in barley. Oats, with a slow demand, qa it y44 21s to 31s. Beans, old, 48s1 to 50s; new ; 36s to 40s. —s to -s; malt, 66s to 70s. __—...... _ FOREIGN MAIL PACKET Lrs. In the followinfr table E signtaes that lett ers are de3looo.tebei by evening mails from London, and M by morning 1111 by evening mails from London, and 3I b Y i r__ ...._...__, .. n 1 ' -t ext IA - DESTINATIONS. Despatch Port ot dlle• of Mails. Dealer .......----* ------- ?Australia and Mauritius, via s a. Southampton N0v.12,111 Southaulli• NoY. I Ditto, via Marseilles 04 Bahamas and Havana via New York N0v.25, E LiverPoo , '' NOY.' Canada, &c. (by Cauadn. pckt.) Nov. 1, E, Liverpool.. tape of Good Hope, Ascen- Dee. g sion, and St. Helena Nov 5, E Dev on p ort China, Penang, and Singa- NoY• . 2 pore, via Southampton Ditto, via Marseilles 1 ... 8 Gibraltar, via Southampton INov. 4, 31 Southamp• Nov Honduras and Blewlields iN0v.17,. 31 Southamp. ' India. (Calcutta) and Ceylon, Noir. 2 g 1 0 via Southampton Nov. 4, 31 Southall*. Noy. India I Ditto (,Bombay), via Marseilles South- Nov.lo, E ........... 1•1. amptou N0v.12, 31 Southaulli• N 0 OY. lht, via Alarseilles ,Nov. 3, E ........... Lisbo to n, Brazils,ituenos Ayres, NO t and P. Islands Li,bon, Yifro, and Oporto Nov. 7, 31 SouthanW. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via pIov• 2 4' S ou th am pt on Nov. 4, M Southamp• „y. i Ditto, via Marseilles utha10P....... c --1. ( a. Mexico and Havana Nov. 2, 31 S o, Newlbundland United States and British N - 1.. Nov. I America (by British packet) Nov. 5, E Liverpoo ..--. Ditto (by U. S. packet) West Coast of Africa, Ma- ool•• NOY. 9 Beira, and Teneriffe Nov. 23 E L iver p West India, California, Irene- , „, 1 zuela, Chili, Peru, Grey- I ‘ . town, New Granada, &c. Nov. 2, M SoutharoP• 43' . BIRTHS. • f A• 13. CANE.—At Colliustown, Clondalkin, filo wife ° ..,,....r9 Cane, Esq., of a son. Gurtmiy.- - -On the 30th ult., at Clapham-park, Mrs. Gurney, of a son. 111 c1cd PAGE.—On the 20th ult., at 12 , Norfolk-square, park, the wife of IL rage, Esq., of a daughter. ,i ii p.. SALTER.—On the 30th ult., at 6 , Montague. s treet, J." sell• square, the wife of Dr. Hyde S alter, of a son. MARRIAGES. field KtIiWAN—LAItrET —On the 2 9 th ult. , at Great Bar 1., parish church, Essex, ' the Rev. Richard Ki r wan, I, u :f . s i, eldest son of the late Capt. It. Kirwan 7th Royal await tiers, to Rose Helen, elder daughte r of the 110 , . E. Lauipet, vicar of Great Barclfield. 1-. reb 9 WILLock—BOILEAU.—On the 27th ult., at Barnes C.- 11 iii ; henry D. Willcck, Esq., Bengal C.S., eldest survicue, sou of the' late Sir HenryWillock, K.L S., late of Child of nau House, Mortlake, to Mary Elizabeth, l one 3 , e ' l. Major C. L. Boileau, lot-molly of the Rifl e 13rirade. , ATH. BAILLIP.—On the 20th ult, at VienSna, John 13aillie, El s :lj civil engineer, formerly of Newcastle-upou-Ty 53. oct lII ' CIO . BAltltOW.—On the 30th ult., at 33, Oxford -terrace, 0.2,101 1 ,10g, ' 1 r .e.1 1 — c ,d n , cis Octavitts Burrow, sth 1N1.N.1., aged 31. neorg y 13uLt.tox.—On the 25th ult., at Leantington) Btelick, Esq. s hertil l is .ny.—Ott the 29th ult., at 'Marvate, after. a ness Francis M'Gedy, Esq., of thj.Londun (=azalea)" 0 60 n. the 27th nit , at Tunbrid Kent Oom, Esq., of 1,. Duchess-streft e ; aged 52. - - Tc)Nclo.—On the 20th ult., at Starboro Castle, Sarre''," lunge, Esq., J.l'., aged 55. WADDILOVE. —On the 28th ult., at Beuon-grange, 081 Hexham, the Rev. W. J. 1). Waddilo;c, aged___....„.....,174.. 7 0 1 14 1 all o .p lß i abet: V O gg LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO 1121 of Nu. 11 2 , Strand, Printer, at The Sun office, t' Strand, in tho Precinct of the Savoy, in the collo, M 4dioticx, Tuesday, November 1, 1659. , ifollrf