The Sun. — London, England, 1860-08-23 00:00:00

BENSO N'S WAT CHES. " Perfection of mechanism." —Morning Post. Gold Silver 2to 50 guineas. Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descrip tive of every construction of watch now made, with their prioes. " Watches sent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for 55. extra. U and 84. Ludgate-hill, London. E.C. Established 1749. T HEA TR-PI-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Bnekstone. THIS EVENING the performances will comment* with THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs, Charles Mathews, Buctstone, Compton, Chippendale, Rogers, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Miss Weems, and airs. Wilkins. After which, THE CRITIC. Mr. C. Mathews. And JACK'S RETURN FROM CANTON. Commence at 7. ------ ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. I 'THIS EVENING, will be performed THE LADY OF THE LYONS. Mr. G. Melville, Miss Heath, &c. I {After which, CRUEL TO BE KIND. A. Harris, Misses C. and R Leclereq. To conclude with THCommenceßlCE MARRIED. at 7. ADELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. Hole, Proprietor and Manager. Mr. Benj. Webster. THIS EVENING (THURSDAY, August 23), the Annual Benefit of Mr. Wm. Smith, Acting Manager, MASKS AND PACES. Triplet (his original character), Mr. Ben. Webster ; Peg Woffington, Miss Woolgar. rt Suppoed by Messrs. C. Selby, P. Bedford, Stuart, Billington, - Eburne, Miss Simms, Mrs. Billington. Alter which, LOAN OF A LOVER : Gertrude (for this night only). Miss Rebecca Isaacs ; Peter Spyk, Mr. William Smith (his first appearance this season). To conclude with THE OMNIBUS : Pat Rooney, Mr. Geo. Hodson (his first appearance at this theatre); Mr. Toole, C. Selby, and Romer. Doors open at half-past 6—Commenee at 7. , Box-eflioe open from 10 tint, No charge for booking. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.— di-A• Proprietor and Manager, Mr. WM. BATTY. Immense Success of "Mazeppa." A Grand MID-DAY PERFORMANCE will take place on SATURDAY next, Ang 25, commencing at Two o'clock. This Evening, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of MAZEPPA. AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely tmen new ts, and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appoin i n t ro ducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po sies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World. To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders of the day. Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—lL Felix Revolti. CANTERB'UII Y HALL C ONCERT S.— EVERT EVENING, A Grand Selection from MARTHA. And Selections from DINORAH, TROVATORE, MACBETH, And numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, is Hall. 6d. Comic Vocalists—Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall. The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised expressly for this Establishment). for the performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with 3regro delineations, anecdotes, dr.e., in addition to the usual entertainments. The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THB WEATHER.--Sux OPPICE, At GIIST 23,1160. THEE3COMETER, IN THE MADE. 64--highest since noon yesterday. 48—lowest this morning and during the night. 63—this day at noon. Bsltominzu-20.90 ; a sudden rise. :Wxxn—South-Westerly ; fresh, and squally. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tule DAY.—Morning, 6h. 7m.—Afternoon, 6h. 31m. To-uomtow.-Morning, 6h. 57m.—Afternoon, 7h. 25m Happily—in spite of all the delays—we are get ting at last within view of the close of the present session of Parliament. And by way of compensa tion for an extension of its labours in every way so unusual and almost unprecedented, the best mea- sures are bringing up the rear of the legislative procession. The Fortification, Provision for Ex penses Bill, to say nothing of its more grandiosely entitled pendant, the Defence of the Realm Bill— supposing the former to stand alone before the country as a wholesome enactment projected by her MAJESTY'S Government—would of itself at this moment afford us ample compensation for the post- ponement of the prorogation from August into September. An enterprise so vast could hardly have been inaugurated under happier auspices, at a period more peculiarly opportune, or with a more judicious deliberation. It is a monstrous fallacy to assert, that the scheme involved in this compre hensive undertaking has been decided upon in any one particular precipitately. To hear the com ments pronounced upon it by some of the peace-at any-price depredators of the proposed enterprise, we might be led to suppose that the notion of strengthening our insular defences is an idea but of yesterday ; than which supposition none could well be more extravagantly erroneous; the insecurity of our national defences having been for many years past a subject of constant scrutiny and of public discussion both within and without the walls of Parliament. It has been thus more particularly during the last fifteen years—within which interval of time a whole library of books and pamphlets, treating exclusively of the inadequacy of our na- tional defences, will be remembered to have been published by naval and military authorities, by civilians and by engineers. It is a perfect absur- dity to talk of the judicious and patriotic measures at last resolved upon as the result of a sudden panic or of some mere momentary hallucination. Never before, perhaps, has England been less in a panic—never before, perhaps, has England had less reason to be in a panic—than at this present junc ture. And why ? For reasons certainly in their way sufficiently obvious, and also in their way suffi ciently comprehensible. For example—at this moment have we not once more—what we as suredly have not possessed for the last thirty years and upwards a Channel Fleet ? Aye ! a couple of them. Again, have we not what we as certainly have not pos sessed daring the last fifty-six years—a National Guard spontaneously formed by the people them selves as Volunteers ? With an efficient and for midable Channel Fleet—with from one to two hundred thousand Rifle Volunteers admirably drilled and disciplined—with not one of the Euro pean Powers at war with us—with our two great warlike services in an admirable state of organisa tion, with both of them at the same time perpetu ally undergoing a steady course of improvement and development—we could not by possibility have chosen any more propitious epoch in our history in which to set vigorously to work to ex tend, to revise, and, as far as may be in any way Practicable, to perfect our system of insular fortifi cations, The combination of circumstances but ju st n enumerated affords the whole world proof po sitive that our labours in this particular aro not only undertaken by us calmly, without passion or panic of any kind Whatsoever, but on the contrary with the niostrational exercise of forethought and the most equaole premeait m i on. As if to demonstrate this i n the most striking' manner possible, the very mea sures proposol by the Government for the revision and r ,;organization of our comprehensive scheme of fortif cations have been laid before Parli • ament at the vi ;ry clo s e of the session, upon the very eve, so to slat ak, of the prorogation. anifestl Y , therefore, there has been no over eagerness on the part of Minis ters in thrusting this subject precipitately upon the al tention of the Legislature. Ministers, in fact, have 4 3nly taken too much time about it. They h ave allow ed the Royal Commission of Inquiry to close its ix vestigations, to complete its report, and in every minis to particular to bring its labours to a termina- Cosi and having thus during several months delayed —almost, we have been at times disposed to assert, unnecessarily—the issue of the ponderous and impor tant Blue-book, comprising within it the result of the prolonged and responsible toils of the Royal Commissioners —then, but not till then, as we have said and seen, at the very fag-end, as it were, of the Parliamentary session, the Cabinet introduces to the Lords and Commons its anxiously-deliberated scheme for the improvement and development and general strengthening of our coast and insular fortifi , cations. In all which there is certainly no preci pitation. To call anything in all this precipita tion, would be simply ludicrous,—as ludicrous as it would be to assert that our present efforts to secure the Defences of the Realm are the results of a mere paroxysm of trepidation. In respect to which latter supposition it will be suffi cient to remark that we should, any one of us, find it difficult to point out a period in our national annals in which we have ever been in a more per fect state of preparedness. Evidence of this lies about us on every hand in abundance. It is visible at a glance in the simple fact, that in this year of peace—when, as we have before observed, we are net at any rate at war with a single one among the powers of Europe, great or small—our expenditure upon our war departments alone amounts to a grand total of thirty millions sterling ! Coupled with which circumstances is the rapid growth of our army of Rifle Volunteers ! The Royal Army never having been in a better state of efficiency and discipline ! The Royal Navy never having been in more perfect organisation. Then—as if to affix the final timbre at once of merit and success to the Ministerial scheme for the revision and rearrange ment of our whole system of fortifications—as if to demonstrate conclusively the fact that, in preparing this patriotic measure, her MAJESTY'S advisers have been selecting the juste milieu between the two ex tremes of extravagance, i. e., of excessive careless ness and excessive expenditure, of doing too much or doing too little—the Ministerial enterprise is assailed upon two diametrically opposite grounds —for " doing too much" by Mr. BRIGHT —for " doing too little " by Lord ELLENBOROUGH Whatever be the cause, the frequency of the most awful of social crimes must strike us all. General causes, there cannot well be any—for the proximate causes are either unknown, or of the most vulgar or savage kind. Jealousy, revenge, uncontrolled anger, desire to get money, sometimes concealment of the lesser crime of robbery or bur glary, are among the usual reasons which have prompted men to take the life of their fellow-man or woman. Yet the shocking frequency of fatal violence, and that with all the boasted advance of our civilisation and education, is undeniable. We have not made any calculations, and we have no statistics at hand at the moment which have sug gested the subject to us; we write only from the impression which comparatively recent accounts leave on our minds, and which every reader of newspapers doubtless shares with us. Hardly is one murder committed, and the perpetrator detected, or serious efforts made to discover him, if he for long evades all search, but some other, as horrible or more so, is committed. The Road murder is perpetrated ; its mystery remains 'impenetrable ; but before it can be cleared up, four persons, and those a mother, brothers, and a sweetheart, fall at once by the knife of the assassin, some of them killed, doubtless, to conceal the killing of the first. Hardly is this completed when a wealthy, miserly old lady is found killed to get at the not very large sum of money she was known to have with her ; and while the guilty actors are yet undiscovered, tidings come from the North of a murder, in some respects yet more atrocious, because committed apparently by soldiers, and to conceal atrocious conduct towards a female of tender age. And all these horrid murders but follow upon others, some of which have come before the courts of justice in different parts of the country at the present assizes. With such facts before us we cannot say that reverence for human life is increasing; it seems to be rather the other way. It may well be that even the inevitable publicity given to these horrid facts and their details has some tendency with a lower order of minds to render such crimes the subject of morbid imagination, and to dispose them to brood over them till they seem to come within, to them, the range of possibility. To silence, by killing him, a person who has recognised another in the act of crime, and who might therefore be a witness against him, seems indeed a very obvious device ; yet it may well be doubted whether it would be so readily resorted to did not the mur derer know that it had so often been done, and hr d not his mind been familiarised with the idea of taking life. It is a thing he has often read of, or heard of, and oftentimes the proof of guilt has been incomplete ; often he has got off on the allegation of insanity, and often testimonials to good charac ter, and numerously signed petitions, have pro cured commutation of punishment. The villain feels that murder is not an uncommon thing; that it is much more likely to escape its appropriate punishment than robbery and theft, so he will risk'it. Of course such publicity of all things is essential in this country. The course of justice requires it, and the universal desire to know everything re markable would render suppression impracticable ; indeed, no one would think of it. Be the evils of publicity what they may, publicity is a necessity, and must be taken with the good or the bad of it. The advocates of the abolition of capital punish ment will now tell us that their views are the great requisite. They may certainly tell us that capital punishments have not attained their object. They have not prevented murders; they have not even lessened, so far as we can judge, their number. Of course what would be the result of their system is little better than a speculation. We cannot, however, deny that they have some reason in asking for a fair trial of their plan. Civil death—perpetual impri sonment, or penal servitude for life—might be more effectual than physical death ; if so, it would be, not through its greater terrors, bat through its withholding from the public gaze scenes which cer tainly do tend to lessen the sanctity of human life in the eyes of the class to which murderers chiefly belong. We have no doubt whatever the dread of death is, after all that has been said, stronger than that of any secondary punishment, and if the ques tion were purely one of deterring, we could not doubt that death, as it is the deserved, so it should be the actual punishment. We cannot, however, but see that the uncertainty of death punishments, through the weakness of juries especially, and the ingenuity of counsel, is very great ; and it may be fairly supposed that the other plea, that of the hardening effect of excutions, has something in it. Let these considerations have their weight, but above all things, let us shut out that maudlin sym• pathy with villains, and forgetfulness of the suffer ings of their victims, which passes in some quar ters for philanthropy. The safety of the innocent and helpless is of more consequence than a good deal of over-harshness to those who endanger the peace of society. As things now are, there seems to be a fair call on our law reformers to consider thoroughly the question of death punishments. It wants to be • ;,,02.5411.14 i ; • 1 4 4 1 / 4 •-aek 471 Or, -11 F, - " p.• e‘T,,lO .14. - 0 it '" i •,1 • 0.4 1 1 a q_ l " . • THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 23, 1860, rHE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EYENING, AUGUST 23, 1860. taken out of the hands of pseudo•philanthropists, and carefully examined by those who care little about the criminal, but feel very deeply for the security of the lives of all of us. Some evidence is procurable from foreign countries, and much might be obtained from our intelligent gaol chaplains. And, as our criminal law, reform is postponed till another session, there is full time to investigate the question in all its bearings. It is time that the whole sub ject were settled, so far as inquiry and discussion can do it. The increase of murders, especially if we include cases of infanticide, is so extraordinary that Government itself should seriously review our legislation on the subject. SORROWFUL SUMMER STANZAS. It should be the prime of Summer time, The Earth should be holding its regal dower; The grass should breathe and the dog-rose wreathe, To perfume and illume the noontide hour. The corn should be brown and the clover down, The beetle should bask on its ash-leaf bed ; The blue moth should play in the sun-set ray, And the Night scarce know that the Day was dead. Garland and grain should cover the plain, And the hot steeds pant in the harvest wain. But mist and chill come over the hill; The crops on the upland are green and stark; The newts are about, and the rain puts out The tender light of the glow-worm's spark. The moss is dank on the hedge-row bank, The fox-glove is falling—drenched and weak — And a wailing tone steals like a moan Through the wheat that should sing with a rustling creak Earth's glory has bowed to the wind and the cloud ; Lying sad and grand, like a Queen in her shroud. I know a Soul whose golden bowl Is filled, like the Year, with Life's rich dower; But Suffering weaves her shadowing leaves, And blights the prime of its fruit and flower. Its hope is sear 'neath the blinding tear, Its strength is sapped by the choking sigh ; And its bloom that should be, full, fair, and free, Struggles on through the gloom, though it fain would die. Like the Spirit of Earth, its flourishing birth Has but led to a Summer of cheerless dearth. ELIZA COOK. VISIT OF THE QUEEN TO PRUSSIA.—We hear it rumoured (says the Scotsman) that her Majesty, on her return from the north, will sail from Leith in the Royal yacht, for Hamburg, on her way to visit the Princess Frederick William of Prussia. - The New Prussian Gazette states, in a letter from Coburg, that the King of the Belgians will arrive there in September during the visit of her Majesty Queen Victoria. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam bridge and Princess Mary have left Cambridge Cottage, Kew, for Cadlands, near Southampton, on a visit to Mr. and Lady Elizabeth Drummond. His Excellency the Turkish Ambassador and Madame Muslims, the Earl and Countess of Arran, the Countess of Cathcart, Viscount and Viscountess Castle- rosse, the Countess of Kenmore, and Count J. and Lady Cecil De-la-feld are passing the season at St. Leonard's• on-Sea. The Right Hon. the Speaker gave his annual dinner to the principal officers of the House of Commons yesterday (Wednesday) evening Denis Le Marchant, Mr. Erskine May, Mr. Ley, Lord Charles Russell, Captain Gosset, Hon. George Waldegrave, Rev. Henry Drury, Mr. Rickards, Mr. Lefroy, Mr. Samuel Smith, Mr. Frere, Mr. Arthur Jones, Mr. Vardon, Mr. Dyson, Mr. Gibbons, Mr. Rowland, Mr. Postlethwaite. Mr. J. B._ Rose, Mr. Pole, Mr. Gray, Mr. Hodgkin, Mr. W. Rose, Mr. Howard. The annual Ministerial whitebait dinner took place last evening at the Trafalgar Hotel, Greenwich. Viscount Palmerston and a large party of his colleagues came by water from Westminster, a Citizen steamer being engaged for the purpose. Covers were laid for 30, the com pany including the Lord Chancellor, the Duke of Somerset, the Duke of Argyll, Lord Wodehouse, Viscount Palmer ston, the Right Hon. Sir Charles Wood, the Right Hon. Charles P. Villiers, the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Lord Clarence Paget, Rear- Admiral the Hon. F. T. Pelham, the Right Hon.W. Hutt, the Right Hon. Robert Lowe, Hon. H. B. W. Brand, Mr. Laing, the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, the Right Hon. W. F. Cowper, Mr. C. Fortescue, the Attorney-General, the Solicitor-General, Mr. Hugessen, Mr. J. Bagwell, &c. Letters this morning from Point de Galle an• nounce that the whole of the specie of the Malabar—abou £2o,ooo—has been recovered. The diving apparatus used was Heinke's patent. A telegram from Lisbon states that the works of the South-Eastern Railway of Portugal were commenced yesterday. "Prince de Metternich, the Austrian ambassa dor at Paris," says the Sport, "is expected at his seat in Bohemia, where he will remain during the Emperor Napo leon's tour in the provinces." The directors of the Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London, and China, at a meeting held yesterday, declared a dividend of 5 per cent. for the half-year ending 30th June last. HOMICIDAL MONOMANlA.—Consciousness or un consciousness of the act is the true test of criminality, not the degree or intensity of the homicidal impulse. The old course is the proper one, which is simply to ask the jury if the prisoner has—or rather had at the time when the crime was committed—a sufficient degree of reason to know right from wrong. We might well tremble at the consequences if it was once established that a man's mind might be right in all points save a tendency to commit murder. It is idle in cases of insanity—as far as the administration of criminal law is concerned—to lose ourselves in fine-drawn distinc tions. If a man knows what he is about when he commits a crime, he is amenable to justice, no matter how 'strong his linclination may be to violate the law.—Once a- IVeck. AN IMPERIAL AUTHOR.—A Paris letter in the Salut Public of Lyons says :—" It is known that the Em peror is engaged in writing a history of Julius Csesar, and that several gentlemen are employed under his Majesty's direction in collecting materials for it. M. Leon Renier, for example, has been sent on a mission into Italy to ex amine all that refers to the history of the Roman constitu tion, and others are making researches and translations in France. Some officers of engineers, under the orders of Colonel Faye, are likewise engaged in experiments for the purpose of reconstructing the war engines employed by the Romans. When all the details required shall have been collected the Emperor will complete the work, and it is said that it will throw new light on the grandeur of the Cmsarian period and on the art of war of the Romans." PLYMOUTH, Wednesday.—The fine ship Lady Macdonald, Captain Brumell, belonginc , to Mr. Duncan Dunbar, of London, left the Sound yesterday' (Tuesday) for Sydney. Sbe took passengers 262 souls, equal to 248 statute adults. The cost of the conveyance of about two-thirds of them, chiefly Irish, is defrayed by remittances from their relatives in New South Wales. The Schah Jehan, Capt. Cox, is appointed to sail to-day for Adelaide ; she has about 2681 statute adults, chiefly English, but including a few Scotch, Dutch, and German. This afternoon the barque Victoria, bound from London in ballast for Cardiff, put back to the Sound with loss of bowsprit,,cutwater, &c., having been in contact off the Lizard with the Tuscan brig Nettaro, Captain Carlo, from Ibral, with seed for Falmouth and for orders. The brig is supposed to have gone down; her crew are saved. THE YOUNGEST TAR IN THE BRITISH NAVY.— _ _ - - - - _ While the fleet was anchored at St. Margaret's Hope, a fine healthy male child, about 19 months old, was left, either by design or accident, in the engine room of the Royal Albert, flagship of Admiral Sir Charles Fremantle. After remaining on board without any clue being obtained as to its parentage, the little foundling was christened by the euphonious cognomen of Albert Fremantle, the ship in which he was left supplying the Christian, and the Admiral the surname. The little fellow is a prodigious favourite with all on board. His name has been entered on the ship's books, and the Admiral, it is said, declares he is now the property of the Queen, and that he will give him up to no one.— Toronto Leader. KENSINGTON-PARK CHURCH.—We are much gra tified to learn that the beautiful church founded by the Rev. Dr. Walker, standing out in the fields of the new district of Kensington-park, Notting-hill, and on the confines of the Great-Western line of railway, is to be forthwith com pleted. For seven years this splendid fabric has remained in its present unfinished condition. The Rev. John Light, of Ashton-under Lyne, has been appointed the first incum bent. A daily cathedral service will be performed morning and evening by a very efficient staff of singing men and boys. Dr. James Peck, of New College, Oxford, and Mr. William Sudlow are the organists and choir masters. STEAM TO NEW YORK.--SOUTFIAMFTON, Aug. 22.—The United States' mail steamship Fulton, Capt. J. A. Wotton, embarked mails and passengers from this port to-day for New York. She takes out French and English mails, a full complement of passengers, and a large cargo. The next steamship due here from New York is the Illinos, Capt. Griffin, which is expected on Thursday, with mails for England and France of the 11th inst. 1 TRADE CATALOGUES.—One cannot but be struck with astonishment at the innumerable ways in which an enterprising tradesman ap peals to the public with a view to i ncr ease his trade. Printing in all its branches, assisted by the skill of the wood engraver, seems in the present day to be one of the media most generally employed in spreading the knowledge of various manufactures. These arts have ably been brought into use by Mr. Benson, the eminent watchmaker of Ludgate-hill, who his sought by mean s of an " illustrated pamphlet " (consisting of nearly 60 pp., and containing upwards of 250 beautiful designs for watches, clocks, &c, with an elaborate description of every construction of watch now made), to enable persons living in any part of the world to select the watch best adapted for their use, and have it forwarded free by post. BRUTALITY IIY A MILITIAMAN. —Yesterday man named Thomas Fox, said to be a private in the Artillery Militia, was brought up at the Liverpool police court on the charge of having on the previous evening, without the slightest provocation, assaulted in the most brutal manner a woman named Elizabeth Matthews. It appeared from the evidence that Mrs. Matthews had gone to the prisoner's house to make soma inquiry, when she was knocked down a flight of steps, and severely kicked in the abdomen by the prisoner. An old woman who was in the house was then seized by Fox, and would have been thrown out of the window had she not been rescued. The prisoner could offer not the slightest excuse. As Mrs. Matthews' injuries are likely to terminate in death, Fox was remanded in order that the result of his violence may be . ascertained. mallillll THE INVA A letter from Faro Point, dated August :13, says : There is no chance here of getting a boat for le.ve or money, for the boatmen of this country are such a cowardly set of fellows that at the first sight or a Neapolitan cruiser, or at the first splashing of a cannon ball in the water, they begin to scream like children, and pull the boat ashore as fast as they can. Yet one can scarcely help being amused on hearing those fellows utter all sorts of prayers to their Madonnas and saints as soon as they think themselves in danger. It is not to be forgotten that Sicily is perhaps the most bigoted country of Europe, and its people the most ignorant. If the Neapolitans have got the li q uef y in g blood of St. Januarius, the Messinese have an autograph letter of the Holy Virgin, and, what is still stranger, the inhabitants of Taormina evince great devotion for a similar document, written, as they assure you, by the hand of San Diavolo. Where they have been able to find such a saint I am not able to say; it is, however, a fact ; and this curious relic is thought very much of by the people and clergy of that city. The consequence of this mingled cowardice and ignorance is that no man here can go to reconnoitre on his own account the coast of Calabria if he does not belong to the army: It was likewise difficult to join one of the expeditions sent by Garibaldi to the other side of the strait, for he does not allow any one to go with him for curiosity's sake. A newspaper corre spondent must, therefore, depend upon the infor mation he may get from his friends in the camp, and this is of course often erroneous. It turns out that the sound of firing on the other side of the strait, of which I spoke in my last let ter, was caused by Neapolitan batteries playing upon a new expedition of 400 men, which Gari baldi had sent to attempt a landing between Del Cavallo fort and Villa San Giovanni. This new expedition, protected by the darkness of the night, had sailed from here at half-past 12 o'clock, under the lead of a Calabrian patriot, who had arrived from that country a few hours before. This man pretended to know that there was a point of the opposite shore which was not guarded by the Nea politans, and undertook to lead the men to that safe spot. The expedition was ordered and set out; but when it got near the shore it was received by a volley of musketry. The alarm was, there fore, given to the Neapolitan gunboats and bat teries, and a tremendous fire was opened upon it. Here the usual difficulty of keeping the Sicilian rowers at their places arose. Those fellows began to scream like monkeys, and, in spite of the bayonets pointed at them by the soldiers in the boats, some pulled up towards the shore they had started from, and some left their oars and fell down in the boats. The commander of the expe dition would have had them shot at once, but how could he dispense with them ? Three Neapolitan cruisers, alarmed by the firing, hastened towards them at full speed; and it was therefore necessary that he and his men should make for the Faro. This was done, and the expedition accord ingly failed. Garibaldi was not alarmed by this failure, and said to the commanding officer, who went to the Lighthouse to announce it, "We shall have a better chance to-morrow ; go to bed, make your men comfortable, and good night." Nor was this the only failure experienced by Garibaldi during the course of yesterday. At a later hour, being on board one of the Sicilian steamers, he saw a Neapolitan steamer coming up from Reggio towing two lar g e trans p orts. He im mediately sent orders to Castiglia to have 60 men shipped in three large boats, one of which had a gun, and try to capture the steamer. Castiglia started at once, but as soon as the Neapolitan steamer saw the little flotilla rowing in its direction it left the two transports, and steamed towards the Calabrian coast, under the protection of a Neapoli tan battery. Although a certain distance separated the steamer from the attacking party, Castiglia would have had a fair chance of capturing her; but no sooner was the danger which was hanging over the steamer perceived by the Fulminante, a Neapo litan war steamer, cruising in this strait, than she came up with all speed, and began to fire round shot at Castiglia's boats. No damage was caused, for Neapolitan gunners have proved en all occasions to be very inexpert at ball practice, but the match was too unequal not to induce Garibaldi's men to return. This, however, was done at leisure, and without the loss of a single man. Commander Castiglia told me that at the first cannon shot from the Fulminante he was obliged to point his revolver at the breast of the rowers, for they seemed dis posed to leave off rowing, and begin their gesticu lations and prayers. For the last few days I have taken up my quar ters at this place, where comfort and even necessary accommodation is out of the question. In every respect the Neapolitans on the other side are in quite different and more advantageous circum stances. While our sick men have not a mattress to lie down upon, and are literally without blankets, the Neapolitans, being masters of the sea, are well provided for. Except at Barcellona, whose mili tary hospital is under the kind and intelligent di rection of an English lady, Madame Mario, and at Messina, there are no medical comforts here, so when a poor fellow is ill the doctors are some times obliged to send to Messina for medicines. This does not arise from any negligence on the part of the medical staff, for it could not have been in better hands than those of the chief doctor, Ripari. But you must not forget that Garibaldi's army has been organised within the space of two months, and that the means at the General's dis posal are very small indeed. It is wonderful that in such a comparatively short time such results could be obtained. With all the riches England possesses I am inclined to think that your Horse Guards and War-office would have failed in or ganising nearly 30,000 men as well as Garibaldi did in two months, whilst he was actually carrying on a regular war, and had the sea almost shut up, or at least not free. The ambulance depart ment is however getting more comfortable every day. Yesterday I had an opportunity of visiting it, and found everything requisite nicely made up in small packages, so that they could be carried on mules' backs, and distinctly labelled, so that what is wanted may be procured in a minute. I hear that Dr. Ripari has managed to get beds for about 300 patients in the hospital of Messina, and in different houses. The Calabrian who came here with the intention of assassinating Garibaldi has fully confessed that he was sent by the Count of Aquila, his Sicilian Majesty's uncle. He, however, says that he had accepted the money, 1,000 piastres, but that he came not lire to perpetrate the crime, but on the contrary to warn Garibaldi of the intention of the Neapolitan Court, so that he might be on his guard for the future. The man is still under arrest, and, as I told you, will be brought before a court-martial either to-morrow or the day after. That Garibaldi's intentions are to attempt some thing this evening is quite clear by the number of men now under orders to embark. I should not be at all surprised if he intends to attack Scylla or the Forte del Ca,vallo. He must feel as the soldiers do, that to remain in this precarious position is at the same time tedious and dangerous. He has probably, therefore, planned some decisive movement, and this accounts for his sudden disappearance from this place. Yesterday he embarked on board the Wash ington, and 'ae has not yet returned. His son Menotti, who is one of the aides-de-camp of Gen. Bixio, arrived here this morning from Bronte. I hear that Bixio, having put things straight in that quarter, has received orders to join the main army. Medici's division is still at Messina to keep a close eye on the garrison of the citadel. AUGUST 14, 6 A M. Another more serious attempt to cross over to Calabria was made last night, but the Neapolitans kept up such a tremendous fire that it was impossi ble for one of the party to land. This morning I saw a flag hoisted on the tower of the Neapolitan fort at Pezzo, but I cannot make out whether it is a Sardinian or a Neapolitan flag. They, as you know, are much alike, the only difference being in the escutcheon in the middle. In my next I shall be able to give you more precise information about last night's attempt. The action began at half past 9, and was continued till about half-past 12. Lord Dufferin arrived at Messina this morning, on his way to Constantinople. 7 O'CLOCK. P.S. The news received this morning from the heights of Asl,romonte is, that Missori and his fol lowers have abandoned Basilico, and taken up their quarters at St. Angelo. Their number augments daily in an extraordinary manner, and orders have been received from there this morning to send up pro visions immediately. Shots were exchanged at Bagnara yesterday between the troops there and some of Missori's party on the heights, but with no other intent, it would appear, but that of giving no repose to the Neapolitans. From Monteleone there is the rather doubtful news of the troops having abandoned the King's cause, and established a provisional government. This is the on dit of this morning. Villa San Giovanni is seized with a kind of panic. There are in the fort of Pezzo, 300 old Neapolitan soldiers, who are acting live brigands. The day be fore yesterday there happened to sail down the Strait a Neapolitan boat, the crew of which, when challenged by the sentries of the fortress, answered, " Amiei Napolitani ;" notwithstanding which these ruffians shut up in the fort threatened to fire on the Neapolitan gunboats if they. did not open fire against the boat. Fortunately the gunners, thirty in number, pointed their guns in such a way as not LATEST NEW b. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : MESSINA, AUG. 19 (via Marseilles). The city has been illuminated in honour of the departure of Garibaldi for the mainland. Garibaldi on his return from Capra met and went on board an English vessel. On his arrival at the Faro he found another English ship, having on board 30,000 muskets and 15 rifled cannon. He departed again without landing, accompa nied by Colonel Bixio and 5,000 volunteers. General Cosenz is prepared to leave for another point of the mainland. A Garibaldian vessel was run aground on the Neapolitan coast in order to land 2,000 volunteers. The Neapolitan cruisers, as was the case at the first landing of Garibaldians at Marsala, fired on the vessels after the landing had been effected. MESSINA ; AUG. 19, 6 P.M. 1 Garibaldi, with 3,800 men, has landed at Melito, on the Calabrian coast, 12 miles from Reggio. A general attack is imminent. TURIN, AUG. 23. The Opinione of to-day contains the following despatch from Naples, dated yesterday evening : Garibaldi, with 8,000 men, 'an disembarked on the mainland, and taken Reggic. An insurrection has broken out in Calabria. The Neapolitan forces are concentrated at Mon. tleone. T NAPLES, AUG. 21 (via FLORENCE).'" News has been received here of the landing of 2,000 Garibaldians in Calabria, who joined the in surgents and attacked Reggio. This morning 130 Sicilian vessels disembarked Garibaldi and his army at Bagnara. The telegraph lines between Paloni and Reggio have been cut. A Provisional Government has been established at Potenza. The elections have been adjourned until the end of September. The Parliament is to be assembled on the 20th October. PARIS, AUG. 23. The Moniteur publishes a decree reducing the navigation dues on the canals of France. The reduced scale to come into operation on the Ist of September, 1860. CONSTANTINOPLE, AUG. 14. Sir Henry Bulwer is said to have made represen tations to the Sultan respecting the dangers which threaten the Turkish Empire, and to have again advised the recall o! Kibrisli Pasha from Roumelia and the transfer of his mission to Omer Pasha. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY. Despatches have been received here, announcing the outbreak of serious disturbances in the pro vince of Basilicata, where several corps of Gari baldians have disembarked. Numerous scouts are engaged in raising the population, and with success. It is not known whether Garibaldi is presen . with this advanced guard. . Cash. Account. Orleans 1366 25 .. 1366 50 Northern ~ 953 75 .. 952 50 New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 883 75 • • 885 Geneva - Southern 498 75 .. 500 Western Eastern .... Sardinian — • . Austrian Lombard The protocols relative to the intervention in Syria have been converted into a convention, the document having been signed at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. A Paris letter in the Nord says :—" It is stated that M. Manna is much more pleased with the re ception given him by the Emperor of the French than with that of Lord J. Russell. From what he has stated to the Cabinets of Paris and London it would appear that the situation of the Neapolitan Government is much less desperate than is generally imagined, and that the national guard and the army are quite disposed to resist the projected aggression of Garibaldi. Without ques tioning the exactness of what M. Manna says, I may remark that recent events represent the feeling of the national guard and army as very different from what he imagines." BOURSE, Aug. 22.—The arrival of the English funds with lower quotations caused some little heaviness to this market, and stock becoming offered, prices have receded. For the Account, Threes are now at 67f 971 c; Mobilier, 677 f 50e; Orleans, 1,363 f 75c; Northern, 952 f 50c; Mediter ranean, 881 f 25c ; A us t r i an , 481 f 25c ; Lombard, 472 f 50e. The following are the last quotations : Do end month.... 97 75 ' Belgian 41 — 41- per per Cents .• • 97 80 Credit 1 oncier 3 per Cents ...... 67 95 Piedmontese Fives 7B 25 Do. end month.... 67 95 , Roman Bank Shares 2830 I Austrian .. 7B Credit Mobilier 678 75 I Spanish Threes.... 4n Do. Account 6BO I Home Debt RAILWAYS. ITALY. The Cologne Gazette publishes a Vienna letter, which says :—" An Austrian note relative to Gari baldi's e xpedition will ver y s ho r tly b e forwarded to the great Powers. This note particularly ißsists on the consequences that would result from Garibaldi's invasion of the kingdom of Naples, and adds, that the revolutionary torrent would, in that case, take the direction of Rome and Venetia. Allusion is also made to the armaments of Sardinia, which can only be intended against Austria. Count Rechberg de clares, in conclusion, that Austria does not meditate a war of aggression, but is firmly resolved to defend her Italian possessions at all costs. _ The Official Gazette of Turin publishes a circular from M. Farini, Minister of the Interior, to the Governors and Intendants-General of Provinces, enjoining them immediately to open registers in all the communes for the inscription of Volunteers. The concluding sentence of the circular is as follows: The undersigned relies on the active and effica cious zeal of the provincial administrators, request ing them to encourage the generous young men of the country to flock in numbers to the inscription lists at the call of the king's Government and enrol themselves in the corps of volunteers destined to form au auxiliary force to the national army, thus contributing to increase its strength for the defence and greatness of the country." " The Count de Trani, brother of the King," says a letter from Naples of the 16th, " has this day taken up his residence in the quarters of his battalion of riflemen, and he will command it in person in the event of a combat. Another brother of his Majesty, the Count de Caserte, who is only nineteen years of age, is commanding a bat tery of artillery, and lodges with his men in their barracks. The note addressed by Count Cavour to the Neapolitan plenipotentiaries, on receiving the negative reply of Garibaldi to the letter of King Victor Emmanuel, has arrived at Naples. In this document, every word of which is carefully weighed, the Count, after implying that he blames the rash enterprises of Garibaldi, declares that in his opinion the refusal of that person does not put an end to the mission of the plenipotentiaries, but that he cannot undertake anything against the Dictator. In consequence, both the extraordinary legation and the Piedmontese Cabinet will await events." The Rspana of Madrid has a new article which speaks with great violence of England, and which declares that, notwithstanding her vessels, her Armstrong cannon, and her volunteers, she will not bo able to prevent poor down-trodden Spain from regaining possession of the rock of Gibraltar 744LABRIA. to hit the boat. Such are the faithful defenders of Bourbonic tyranny. MALTA, AUG. 17. Garibaldi has 250 men, selected for being good shots, armed with Colt's revolver rifles, which were delivered in Sicily at 196 francs each, and are de scribed by an Englishman who has used one of them as the very best weapon he ever fired out of. He came to Malta to purchase arms, but found them very much dearer than those sent from France and Belgium, so could make no purchases, but sent to France for the supplies be needed. There has been a good deal of lint and old linen purchased at Malta, and sent over to the hospitals in Sicily. There is a very strong desire among the men of both services to go over and join Garibaldi, and many cunning devices have been resorted to to carry out this wish, but generally unsuccessfully, for any thing leaving Malta can be so easily seen. Still some have vanished, no one knows how. A man of the 23d Regiment being missed, strong suspicions existed that he had got on board the Dutch Com modore's ship, and the commodore was politely asked if the authorities might search for him. This he indignantly refused, and was much annoyed at the suspicion. I understand that the missing man's comrades have since had letters from him, and that he is in Garibaldi's camp, roughing it, but delighted with camp life and its excitements. It appears that sailors make the best soldiers with Garibaldi ; they are more ready at expedients, happier, better foragers, and have more dash; and sailors from our navy have always been foremost in all Garibaldi's fights, A grey .headed old Scotch merchant had made a fortune, and was living on his means in Sicily, but the fever of fighting is catching, ani he could not resist its influence. At Melazzo, to use his own words, he "he was old fool enough to take his double-barrel and fight with the rest." Old as he was, and unused to fighting, he was among the foremost, and got two wounds for his pains. Garibaldi saw his daring, and after the fight publicly thanked him. There is a free masonry among brave men, and they were at once friends ; by the way both were masons. The authorities have been pretty severe on the soldiers they have caught, and the sentence on some that tried to escape from their regiments to Sicily has been the loss of all claims for previous service. Disgrace and 184 days' imprisonment must be rather a cooler to their thirst for military glory. With Garibaldi it appears that a man is valued for his services, and that he has a fair chance, if he distinguishes himself, of rising to any position how ever high. By the French steamer from Sicily we learn that the Calabrias are in open revolt against the King of Naples and in favour of Garibaldi. Several par ties of his troops from Messina have crossed over to Calabria and effected a landing, principally at Palmi, a little to the north of the Straits. The Neapolitan steamers, seeing they could not prevent the landing, are reported to have returned and anchored at Reggio. Garibaldi had left Mes sina in a fast steamer, but his destination was not known. The following is an extract from a private later The writer—an Italian, and like his chief both sol dier and seaman—has staked everything on his country's cause : Palermo ' Aug. 16. Here all goes marvellously, although surrounded by a lot of thieves and assassins of all nations who rob us. What of that ? Let liberty come, and Italy is rich enough to fill the mouth of these .t'er berri, which invade us from all parts to devour dog like, with their ever hungry mouths, the small gains of the poor artist and of the widow. Que voulez vouz ? They are unavoidable things in times of revolutions. When hereafter we shall no longer satiate the foreign Cerherri, and when that which we produce remains to us alone, we will forget the misery and will revel in abundance. In a few days hence will commence the second act of the most divine tragedy, and a run on terra firma will restore equilibrium to our legs now suffering from the un dulations of that sea which caused the ship Sicily to roll and pitch. I trust very shortly to write you from Naples, and shortly after from Civita Vecchia (I making my journey by sea). However you can not imagine how much younger I have become amongst these events. I can scarcely give you the least idea of what I feel. Imagine that there fell into my hands, almost to increase my frantic ecsta cies, the " Prophecy of Dante" by Byron. What were poets but prophets ? Line by line I see fore told what is now going on under my sight. Read and judge—it is Byron who talks for Dante in the end of the Second Canto of the Prophecies. " When there is required but a single blow To break the chain, yet—yet the avenger stops, And Doubt and Discord step 'twixt thine and thee, And join their strength to that which with thee copes ; What is there wanting, thtu ' to set thee free And show thy beauty in its fullest light? To make the Alps impassable; and we, Her sons, may do this with one deed unite." And in the other canto, 19th terzina, after having said all that which an Italian would not dare to say of his own country, adds (after enumerating all the great men who were) (in regard of Garibaldi), June 21, 1819: " Oh I more than these illustrious far shall be The being—and even yet he may be born— The mortal saviour who shall set thee free, And see thy diadem so changed and worn By fresh barbarians, on thy brow replaced ; And the morn sweet sun replenishing thy morn, Thy moral too long with clouds defaced, And noxious vapours from avenues risen, Such as all they must breathe who are debased By servitude, and have the mind in prison." Could any one describe with more truth the redeemer of Italy ? THE LOSS OF THE MALABAR, The Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade have received the following report of the officers who were appointed to institute an inquiry into the circumstances attending the loss of the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Mala bar in the harbour of Point de Galle : "Her Majesty's steamer Cyclops, Point de Galle June 2. " Sir,—ln compliance with the directions con tained in your order of the 30th of May, authoris ing us to receive evidence in connexion with the loss of the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Malabar in this harbour on the afternoon of the 22d May, we have held a full investigation into the causes occasioning the loss of that ship, col lecting all the evidence bearing on the subject, as well as that relating to the position of the Malabar before the accident, and the position of the buoy marking the Veluraka Shoal. " Although by the wording of your order we are not supposed to adjudicate on the merits or de merits of the mass of evidence which we have the honour to forward, yet, as the only object of this inquiry was to elicit the truth connected with the disaster, we conceive that in any future investiga tion it would be of advantage to possess the unpre judiced opinion of ourselves as local examiners. " We find that the Malabar arrived in Galls on Sunday the 20th, and was piloted into harbour by Mr. Emmanuel Daviot, one of the three senior pilots of Galle, and, according to his statement, the ship was anchored in the position usually as signed to the steamers running between Bombay and China. This position will he found on en closed tracing, fixed by angles taken on the spot pointed out by the pilot :—Lighthouse, Schwartz Fort, 4913; pilot's tree, 57.53, 4.1 fathoms, sand. Unfortunately, no cross-bearings of the vessel's position were taken by the officers of the Malabar, and we have, therefore, only the pilot's statement to rely on, and see no reason to question its truthfulness. Taking for granted, therefore, that the position marked in tracing be correct (con firmed by the one bearing taken from the Malabar's log) we find that the vessel, with 30 fathoms at the bitts, and with a length of keel of 200 feet, should have swung about 18 fathoms clear of the buoy, and her not doing so is to us a conclusive proof that the ship dragged her anchor during the heavy north-east squall on the afternoon of the 22d. "Great difference of opinion exists respecting the exact position of the buoy when the vessel first struck. That the buoy was carried away no one questions. " The one now marking the shoal is declared by the acting-master-attendant and pilot to be nearly in the exact place the other occupied. Its situa tion has been fixed by angles taken by ourselves, and we have also sounded in all directions outside it without getting less than 41 fathoms. "In the absence, therefore, of any conclusive evi dence to the contrary, we deem this confirmatory of the statement made by the master-attendant and pilots, that the buoy was properly marking the shoal in questioff at the time of the accident. " We beg to call your attention to the fact that by the custom of the port merchant vessels arein variably moored with both bowers, especially at this season of the year, and the orders to the pilots_ are not to leave the ship till she is so secured-, "The reasons assigned by the pilot fo'_ not carry ing out this essentially necessary r'::s steamers are , te on board th e Pcninsular and Oriental c,rapany , that as the ships frequently rem ain only a short time in the harbour, mooring with both anc h ors would entail increase of labour: and los s o f t i me. " In conclusion, it is o ur o p inio n that the loss of the Malabar was attributable to the extreme vio lence of the squall from such an unexpected quar ter, and that the evidence tends to prove that no thing could nave been done to p revent t h e calam i ty during the short time that elapsed between the bursting of the squall and the striking of the ship." LITERATURE. The Bushranger. By Chas. Rowcroft. Thomas Hodson. This is a tale of the island of Van Dieman at the time when the convict system flourished in all its glory ; and as Lord Byron, in his celebrated narra tive of Don Juan's shipwreck, compiled a masterly fiction from the sufferings of many, so has Mr. Rowcroft combined the various noted feats of the most renowned Australian Bushranger in life— Mark Brandon. There is nothing remarkable in the story, and the reader becomes to a certain ex tent wearied by the continual suspense in which he remains, notwithstanding that the interest is always kept up. A certain retired English major embarks his worldly wealth and his two daughters on board a small brig, and sails for the Southern Ocean. An experienced seaman commands the ship in the capa city of first mate, the major representing the captain. There is also a gentleman on board of enterprising disposition but slender abilities: He is introduced by the author, as a clown is in the circus, as a bit of by-play to relieve the rest of the performance. By some means the Bushranger, Mark Brandon, gets possession of the brig, falls in love with one of the daughters of the major, and carries her off. A certain Ensign is despatched in pursuit who happens to be an old flame of the abducted damsel, The volume is filled with the adventures of the pursuers and pursued. Virtue and valour ultimately triumph, and crime and cruelty perish, Although, with our present inti mate knowledge of Australian manners and customs, some of the narrative seems to be overdrawn, the reader must bear in mind that Mr. Rowcroft's tale refers to past times, before the genius of gold removed the taint of slavery from our principal Australian possessions. And if the author does sometimes draw the long bow a little, is it not the prerogative of an author of fiction ? Discourses by TPilliam Anderson, LL.D. Second Series. Second edition. Adam and Charles Black, 'Edinburgh. We have previously expressed a favourable opinion of the merits of this work, and of the originality of thought and earnest practical spirit which distinguish it. This second edition is some what enlarged and improved, and we heartily com mend it to all who desire plain and searching dis courses rather than superficial eloquence or technical learning. The style is occasionally abrupt in its directness, and the doctrines incul cated will not, of course, be equally acceptable to all readers, but none who admire honesty of pur pose and fearlessness of spirit can fail to profit by its teaching. The last sermon in the volume, "Uncharitable Judgments judged," is especially deserving of attention. We have no doubt that this new edition will be exhausted as speedily as its predecessors, and we hope it may not be long before another selection is made from Dr. Ander son's manuscripts. Johnson's Rasselas. Edited by the Rev. John Hunter, M.A. Longman. _ _ ..... . . This is another of the Rev. Mr. Hunter's useful educational works, designed more especially for the benefit of candidates for the University Middle Class examinations. The work before us is fur nished with explanatory and grammatical annota tions, with specimens of interrogative lessons and. answers to questions set at the Oxford examina tions, besides various other instructive and sug gestive aids to the young student. A brief outline of Dr. Johnson's career is prefixed, and the whole work is admirably suited for the promotion of a thorough knowledge of the principles of English composition. The Canterbury Tales of Chaucer. Three vols. .specimens, with Memoirs, of the less known British Poets. Vol. I. J. Nichol, Edinburgh. London : J. Nisbet and Co. Mr. Nichol's admirable edition of the British Poets is now extensively circulated. We know of no other edition so comprehensive and so well adapted for a library. In giving us the works of the Father of English poetry, the editors have followed the same plan so successfully tried with Spencer's " Faery Queene." The glossary has been placed on the margin, and though it is impos sible to remodel the text without seriously affectin g its integrity, so many helps are furnished to the in telligent reader that he can scarcely be greatly per plexed. Mr. Tyrwhitt, F.R.S., has prefixed an essay en Chaucer's language and versification, whieh is full of interest. We are glad to see these fine old works, which have so long been sealed books to the greater portion of the reading public, rendered com prehensible and attractive to those who only know them by reputation. The " Specimens of the less knownßritish Poets" include many whose names are scarcely remembered, and the volume is even more in teresting as a literary curiosity than for its intrinsic poetic merits, although they are not inconsiderable. The introductory hues furnish some useful informa tion respecting the writers and their times. Thera are many lines in these quaint old rhymesters which are familiar to the modern reader, who may be glad of this opportunity to extend his acquaintance with those, whose works, although little known, deserve not to be altogether forgotten. The Cook's Every IJay Book. Bentley. This is a cheap and useful little manual of domestic economy, adapted to the general require ments of the middle classes, and suggesting to the perplexed housekeeper a pleasant and inexpensi ve variety of dishes. The fact of its having been originally drawn from the French will be a recom mendation to those acquainted w ith th e resources of a Parisian cuis i ne, Notes on _Health : Row to Keep or Regain it. By W. Coleman, M.D. lioutledge. This is a useful little work, explaining the prin ciple laws which regulate the animal economy in plain and practical terms, and avoiding the use of technicalities which only serve to perplex and em barrass the uninitiated. The vast importance of some knowledge of the laws of physiology is now so widely recognised that we need only say that the volume before us appears to be the result of study and experience, and is well adapted to con vey sound general instruction. Smith and Elder's Cheap Editions. Messrs. Smith and Elder have been the pub lishers of so many striking and agreeable works that it is a matter of congratulation to the readers of light literature that they should provide this series of reprints at a low price and in a most conve nient form. The works of the lamented Charlotte Bronte and her sisters have formed part of the series. " Jane Eyre" (which it will be remembered was accepted by this firm after being refused by so many other publishers) " Shirley,' " and " Wuthering Heights" have already appeared. The volume just issued contains " The Professor," the first written, though last published, of Currer Bell's novels. To it are added the col lected poems of the three sisters. Holme Lee's domestic story of " Kathie Brande," Sir A. IL Elton's novel of " Below the Surface," and Miss Martinaeu's " Deerbrook," have also been among the new popular editions. We have had too Miss Mulock's pleasant and graceful stories, the vivid romance of " Paul Ferrall," the weird and startling sketches of Wilkie Collins, and the mournful romance of a ILost Love," by Ashford Owen. Rowcroft's Tales of the Colonies have reappeared to delight the lovers of adventure. Leigh Hunt's " Town" has gathered a fresh interest from its venerable author's lamented decease ; and Mr. Thackeray's delightful lectures on the " English Humourists'' have been put within the reach of their most econo mical admirers. The system of reprinting standard works at a low price is open to none of the objec tions attending original cheap literature, and is adopted by most of our leading firms; r: 11 " we are glad the public have the opportunity of secur ing so many excellent and attractive wo rks at so small an outlay. THIS DAY'S SILIPPING. this day at noon—South- LONDON, Aug. 23.—Wind FALMOUTH, Aug, 21.-- la Wind N.W., strong Westerly ; fresh breeze, and fi ne weather . gale.—Ar rived—Santa Anna, from ivannah. Wind W.S.W.SWANSEA, Aug. 22. Arrived-- Adolphe Corndel, from Rochefort, Sailed—Dilemma, for f e A r t o v u rn Y g. o r k . Caldeira. Aug. 22.—Wind S.V.—Arrived—Caesar Rolt, from Iquique. 2 2.—Wind W.N.W.—Arrived-- SummerCloud,from London for Sydney; American Eagle, COWES, Au 2 2. —Wind SW., strong.—Arrived— Havre, and proceeded for New from Odessa, Aug. 22.—Wind W.—Arrived—Julia from York. t toGIrtkLo1:11:: PORTSMOUTH,C:os London tmfi GLOUCESTER r g r ; Newyork. (BY SUBMARINE AND BRITISH TELEGRAPH.) GRAVESEND, Thursday Morning. Wind W.S.W. ; tide, four hours' ebb; weather fine. Arrived—Seraph, from Konigsberg. Sailed, Aug. 22.—Syren, for Carthagena ; Scotia, steamer, for Malta. Sailed, Aug. 23.—Labuan, steamer, for Cronstadt. DEAL, Thursday Morning. _ . Wind W. by N., moderate. Passed—George Douthwaite, from Sulina, for London.; Park, barque, from Shields, for Constantinople; Johannes (Bremen) ship), from the west, for London. Anqhored—Farie, from London, for Swansea. Put back—Princeton, from Shields for Carthagena. Letters this morning from Point de Galle an nounce that the whole of the specie of the Malabar—about £2Bo.ooo—has been recovered. The diving apparatus used was Heinke's patent. . -------