The Sun. — London, England, 1859-11-01 00:00:00

r.. M's+.~ BRITISH COLUMBIA. (From the Times' Correspondent.) VICTORIA, VANCOUVER'S ISLAND, SEPT. 15. Matters remain in the island of San Juan in much tie same state as reported in my last letter. The 'l)rce is TOO strong. The troops are fortifying them wives, and supplies continue to be sent to the island. Public opinion among Americans has modified of rte. Moderate men now admit the impropriety of Cron. Harney's measures, and excuse them on the pround alone that he has " made an issue which hasten the settlement of the boundary ques tion." The General's own officers do not scruple to express their opinions of his folly; and do not doubt that the English Government will make the with drawal of the American forces a preliminary to the resumption of the discussion of the question of title ko the island, nor that the Ministry of Washington will order the General to recede from the false posi tion in which his reckless and discourteous acts have placed his own Government. The fact is, this General, like many Americans of his day and generation, who have passed most of their time in the backwoods and beyond the pale of Civilisation, have very crude and incorrect notions of England's strength and determination. He is ona of those who never renounce the prejudices of boy hood, and who retain the early impressions made upon their minds by their " readings" at school. Hence his temerity. Of this I am quite convinced, that, however vehe ment the bluster of the newspapers may be, the last thing the Americans would wish would be a war with England for an island that is not of the slightest value to them, except for purposes of ag gression against us; or for a right of navigation of a channel (the Canal de Haro) of which, if they had it, they could not make an exclusive use, for the very good reason that it does not lead directly to their possessions on the mainland, and is not con venient, the direct approach to which is by the other channel (the Strait of Vancouver or Rosario), which we assert to be the boundary between the two countries. Our reasons for insisting on our rights, at all hazards, are, however, very different. The treaty gives us the line we claim, and the Canal de llaro, which is within or on the British side of the boundary so given to England by the treaty, is the highway to British Columbia and to its coast, of many hundreds of miles in extent, which is now showing itself to be rich in minerals and other products of the highest value. To de prive us of this approach by water would be to for bid us to develope the resources and to enjoy the advantages of our possession of a country far more extensive and richer than France• To ask us to submit to so great a sacrifice is presuming upon our good nature rather too much. The British subjects in this part of the world have not bated one jot of their indignation at the military occupation, of their contempt for the rea sons trumped up to justify it, nor of their convic tions of our title to our claim, nor of their keen in terest in the boundary question, nor of their anxiety to learn the determination of the Home Govern ment. A representation embracing these views, numerously signed by the principal landowners and other British subjects in the colony, is trans mitted through the Governor to the Home Govern ment by this mail. I suppose the joint commission for settling the boundary is now terminated by the aggressive ac tion of Gen. Harney, which has infringed the neu trality of the disputed territory. If so I would ear nestly suggest that the proceedings had under the commission be published without delay. This step is imperatively called for, if for no other reason than that garbled, partial, unfair, and inaccurate state ments of these proceedings have been published in the local American newspapers: Charges of dupli city are brought against the English Government ; such as that they supplied the British commissioner with a double set of instructions, which formed a bar to the equitable settlement of the question at issue. These and similar charges should be refuted promptly by the publication of the facts. The more thcreughly the question is discussed on its merits the bettor will our case appear. The facts once known must carry conviction of the justice of our claim. The San Francisco papers are publishing, tissues of misrepresentation, some of them know ingly, but others upon false information supplied from this quarter. The British public should be fully informed upon the matter of the dispute be fore more complications arise. Fillibuster principles and practices are already developing themselves. The squatters on San Juan are shooting one another in disputes about "town lots," under the guns of the "army of occupation." This is the normal state of such enterprises,—the robbers quarrelling over their booty. What a com mentary on " free institutions !" I must again advert to the evils of our land sys tem of which I spoke in my last letter. We are losing our bone and sinew by reason of the vices of the system. The evils are too high a price and waiting for surveys. Let the price be reduced, and in some cases free grants made ; and let men occupy at once, without being kept waiting for surveys until their means and patience are exhausted. Let the surveys follow occupation. If a farmer's lines are wrong he alone suffers. The Governor has just passed a law to regulate the working of the gold mines and the s Ile of water for mining purposes in British Columbia and Queen Charlotte's Island. This measure is one of such importance to the chief inicrest in the country that I am induced to give an abstract of its provisions, for the informa tion of persons intending to immigrate. Instead of LI a month license fee, as formerly imposed, the miner has no►v to pay only LI a year, and this payment confers upon him the right to enter and mine upon - any auriferous land in the court lry not prc-occupied. 'When a miner selects his "claim" he is to register the same at the office of the Gold Commissioner of his district, which registration shall be valid for one, but must be renewed at the end of each year. The registration gives the miwr the exclusive right to the soil and gold of his " Claim" while he continues to work it. Each registration costs 4s. This pay ment and the 20s. a year are the only dues, im kosts, or taxes to which a miner, as such, is liable. In cases of disputed title priority of registration rules. The Gold Commissioners are to keep exact ro cords of the "claims" registered, are to make out every quarter lists of the registered miners to be posted in the districts, and all the registers and lists are to be open to the inspection of the public in the commissioners' offices gratis, for the security and information of the miners. Power is given to the miners themselves to form Mining Boards from among their awn communities, to consist of a number of members not less than six, nor more than 12, according to the amount of the mining population cf each district. These Boards are invested with ppwer to make bylaws for regu lating the size of " claims" and of canals for sup plying the mines with water; the mode in which mining "claims" may be registered, worked, bell, and forfeited ; and to regulate and order all other matters relating to mining in their several districts, subkeet to the Governor's approval, who is to be always kept furnished with information on all mining matters by the Gold Commissioners. The bylaws of the Mininc , Boards, when n o t co n trary the statut e or comm: to shall be held as ~ common law law, or to natu ra l equ it y, mitted in evide goo . local la w ," an d s h a l l b e ad ne° In the d• 0r i British Columbi a . nary tribunals i n As a general rule, the size f " various " diggings," when not.° claims" in the INtini.ig Boards, shall be fni ~e3tabliAloil by the bar ili g i i ,-- s ,, g 25 feet in width at highest water-mark, and thence extend inn. down into the river indefinitely; ft, ‘• ' - i 7 r • dry din.- r'inirs" * ) ,5 to 30 feet ; for " ravine ed....* " t ' n c.. 1 '''' ~,nigi 2o feet along the b'd of the ravine, and extending up to the top of each bank thereof, The first discoverers of a new mine when they cen ;ist of not more than two men - shall he entitled to a double " claim." When they are three in num• ber they shall have five "claims" between them (collectively), and when thq arc four or• more in number they shall be entitle' to a cbtim and a-half each, the Site of such "eLtims," given as rewards 'L e en terp r i se, being conformable to that of the stablished size of " claims" in the mine or digging nearest to the discovery. There are other privileges conferred on the mir ers to give them an interest in the country and to ren der their lives comfortable. Every miner shall be entitled to the occupation of a space of land not to exceed five acres, rent free, for a garden and residence; and it is made the duty of the Gold Commissioners to mark out such land at the miner's request. For this service 10s. is to be paid for the use of the Crown. - Traders, shopkeepers, eating-house keepers, &c., in the diggings are also entitled to a plot of land for a house and garden not exceeding one acre each, to be held and enjoyed with the crops thereon so long as they shall pay the license duty imposed on their bUsinegs ; but all auriferous land so allocated near a mine may be resumed by the Crown on six months' notice, if required for mining purposes, All other interests, while fully protected, are in a man ner made snbservient to the mining interest. The Gold Commissioners are to be paid by sala ries, and must never accept fees. To prevent litigation, all mining disputes may be decided by the Gold Commissi )ners without limit in value, except in cases of partnerships, where the capital is above £2OO. Appeals in serious cases reserved to the law courts ; and the forms of pro ceedings in all cases made very simple and freed from all verbiage and technicality. The Gold Com missioners have power also to ab ite encroachments in a summary manner, so that the weak shall not be kept out of their rights by the strong or rich during the pendency of a long litigation. The above rules or laws apply to the interests in volved in the class of mining, known as " placer" or surface diggings, emphatically to " the diggings." To encourage the combination of labour and capi tal in " diggings," which, in many localities is es sential to the profitable working of the "placers," it is provided that mining " leases may be granted for such term of years, upon such conditions as to rent and the mode of working, and as to any water privileges connected therewith, and otherwise in each case, as shall be deemed expedient by the Governor ;" and, judging by the interest which he has taken in the affairs of British Colum bia hitherto, there can be no doubt that he would act in a'spirit of justice and liberality in the case of mining leases sought by industrious miners, or by companies composed of such, or of others who would invest capital in the operation. The Governor has laid it down as a general principle, however, in his rules and regulations for the working of gold mines, issued in conformity with the Act which I have been abstracting, that— " In general, leases will not be granted for a longer term than 10 years, or for a larger space than 10 acres of alluvial soil (meaning dry dig gings'), or half a mile in length of nnworked quartz reef, or a mile and a half in length of quartz, with liberty to follow the spurs, dips, and angles on and within the surface for 200 feet on each side of the main lead or seam ; or in ' bar diggings' half a mile in length along the high water mark, or a mile and a half in length along the high water mark where the sarre shall have been attempted and abandoned by individual claim-workers." Further, in general no such leases will be granted of land immediately available for being worked by miners as holders of individual claims, nor will any leases be given of land in the occupation of miners except with their consent. In short, every encou ragement, security, and protection are first given to the individual miner, and it is desired that he be supplied with mining ground before capitalists can come in competition with him. I have been so particular in giving the law re specting the future occupation of mineral land in quantity to be worked by associated capital, because vast sums are invested in mining com 2 anies engaged in similar enterprises in California, and because I do not doubt that English capital will be directed in similar undertakings to British Columbia. I may add that in the latter country there is auriferous land and room enough for all the individual miners and for all the associated capitalists who may come or send to try their luck. Provision is made for quartz mining by machi- nery. This part of the law is defective ; but as no quartz mines have been opened as yet, the faulti ness of the provision is of no importance. If this branch of mining is developed, suitable rules will be made for carrying it on. There is another very important enterprise con nected with, and essential to, mining—that is, sup plying the miners with water by artificial means. This industry is also encouraged and protected, on the owner of a " water-ditch" or canal paying a rent of one day's average receipts from the sale of the water per month. In case of dispute as tc, the daily receipts, to estimate the monthly rent, the matter is to be decided by the Gold Commissioner, with the assistance of a jury, if he shall so think fit. Miners are a class of men so difficult to please by reason of the excitability of temperament induced by the gambling character of their occupation that I cannot venture to predict the effect of this law upon them. That a code was called for there is no doubt. The want of a general law on mining in California, I know, was injurious to the interests of the miners in that country. I trust the present measure will have the effect of preventing many of the evils I saw there—bad feeling, injustice, blood. shed, oppression, and litigation. Its success in British Columbia must depend mainly upon the good sense, discretion, and management orthe Gold Commissioners, to whom great powers of interfer ence for the protection of the lights of the miners are given. I don't see how this could well be avoided without leaving the miners a prey to liti gation from continual disputes. If wisely worked, the Act will be a boon to the miners and canal owners of British Columbia. Thb Governor and Colonel Moody proceed to British Columbia to-morrow. The mines continue to produce a satisfuctory yield of gold. Such miners as abandon good pay ing diggings for reported richer ones generally fail and give a bad name to the mining country. The " wanderings" of a body of miners who went from the lower part of Fraser's River to Fort Alexander in New Caledonia, several hundred miles off, are likely to end in disappointment. A party which went to Queen Charlotte's Island lately have also re turned. Some of the adventurers saying there is no gold on the island—others, that the party did not " prospect" sufficiently—and some asset tin g that the country is rich and showing gold in proof of their assertion. As to British Columbia, I have irrefra gible proof in the quantity of gold exported, in the revenue collected, and in the merchandise consumed, that the individual miner earns much more than was ever earned in California or Australia. Her Majesty's ship Ganges, with Admiral Baynes on board, is here ; so is the Pylades, Captain de Courcy, returned a week ago from San Francisco ; and the Tribune, Captain Hornby. The Satellite, Captain Prevost, is at San Juan, and the Plumper, Captain Richards, is surveying, but will be in port to-morrow. All these men of war will remain here until we know the determination of the Govern ment on the San Juan outrage. !Yesterday a sailing vessel from China brought us terrible news of onr defeat at the mouth of the Peiho-47 days' passage. [ADTERTISEMENT.]—The salutary effect of Du Barry's delicious Rovalenta Arabica Food in removing indigestion (dyspepsia), Gatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver complaints, cough., asthma, consumption, and debility, without medicine, is admirably displayed by the following letters :—" Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk, June 10, 1850. No. 4,2oB.—Eight years dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the advice of many have been effectually removed by Du Barry's health-restoring Food. I shall be happy to answer any inquiries.—Rev. J. W. Flavell." " Bury, Lan cashire, Aug. 17, 1851.—Gentlemen,—For a considerable time I have suffered severely from a violent pain in my left side, extreme flatulency, accompanied by an intolerable sensation of heartburn, and other disagreeable symptoms of dyspepsia. Various remedies, allexed infallible, were tried in vain, and for a long time I was never 24 hours without violent pain; indeed, I was unfit for the performance of toy daily duties. I was induced to try your food. In less than an hour I found relief, and my recovery was very rapid. "The duties, which previonsly had been an intolerable burden, became a delightful exerAie, and I have since ACColliplisliecl more labour with lees fatigue than I ever expected to be able to perform. I have never had a retturn of my earanlaint.—D. Th omas. " En tine, at Is. bd. ; lib., 3:4. ; '2lb., 5..:. 9d. ; 51b., I^e.; 121 b.. 265. The 101 b. and 1211,. tins car r ia ge f ree , on receipt of post )lll'..,e eriler. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London• Fortnum, .Tifaexi, and Co., 182, Piccadilly; Alibis, 60, Grirechureh-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, Oxford. • itre•t ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate• street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. 'Also at I)t.Llin, Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburg\ Itahnea and Co.; at LivzilpoO., Nixuu 4.1:,d Thew; at Ma2.,;ht,stcr, Sharp and Scott; at York. ILtimes, Blanchard, and clo.; at South ampton, Rands/.1 and• Son. LORD BROUGHAM AT NEWCASTLE- ON-TYNE. NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE, Oct. 29. The long-expected visit of Lord Brougham to this town took place last night, and he addressed the largest and most brilliant assembly ever held in the town. Dr. HEADLAM, a venerable-looking old gentle. man, apparently about the same age as Lord Broug ham, who has been associated with public life in Newcastle during the principal part of the last half century, and who was one of the leaders of the great Reform party at the time of the Reform Bill, having presented an address to his lordship, Lord BROUGHAM rose to reply. and was received with great cheering. His lordship said,—l need hardly assure you that I receive this address, pre faced as it is by the kind—far too kind—statement of my excellent friend Dr. Headlam, with the greatest possible gratitude. (Applause.) I have been in the neighbouring county of York, and I have lately been also in the sister kingdom—if we may so call it—of Scotland; and I have been every where, no doubt, to thank my fellow-citizens for the kind, the more than kind, the affectionate re ception which I have met with—(applause)—not only from my old constituency in Yorkshire, not only from my old friends who have survived in Edinburgh, but in all parts of the country. Even in those places through which 1 passed to-day I have received addresses, kind addresses, from the inhaitants of those different towns. (Applause.) When I consider this conduct of my fellow-citi zens, and when I see this immense meeting—the greatest by far that I ever had the happiness of attending—(cheers)—and when I reflect on the comparatively feeble services which I have rendered, and which have obtained for me their grateful thanks, their expressions of kindness and affecti mr, I cannot help saying with Dr. Paley, " It is a happy world, after all." (Loud cheers.) In discussing the great question, long agitated, diffi cult to settle, if it can be settled, of the origin of evil, and proclaiming on the one hand the evil with which humanity is beset, and on the other hand the greater kindness which the benevolence, the infinite benevolence, of the Deity provides for us, he concluded by saying, " It is a happy world, after all." (Loud applause.) The subject that calls us together this evening, of mechanics' institutions —sometimes called mechanics' institutes, but more properly, for it is a more English phrase, mechanics' institutions—has been adverted to by my excellent friend on my right hand (Dr. Headlam.) I have one exception to make to his statement about it, and only one. He talked of my lamented friend and his fellow-student, George Birkbeck, as being a fellow-labourer with us. He was the author of mechanics' institutions. (Loud applause.) We seconded him, no more. We laboured as bard as we could, but he began it. He began it 20 years before he established it in London. He began it at Glus gow, where he delivered a course of lectures to working men. (Applause.) This was the ori g in of mechanics' institutions. He then transferred it to London for the sake of greater extension, and as being a more important place for large support. He it was that propounded it in London also, and not only proposed it and furthered it, but spent large sums of money upon it, which I am sorry to say his family have never been repaid. (Hear.) I hope and trust they will be repaid ; but these were the services of Dr. Birkbeck, and he it is that we must call and always treat as the founder of me chanics' institutes. (Applause.) He laboured, we seconded him, no doubt, according to our means in our different capacities. We were his fellow-la bourers, but he was the first and the originator of this great step in social progress. (Applause.) It has been justly said that there hasbeen the greatest possible improvement in theie institutions since this association began its labours. For instance, you have marked the statements of my friend your se cretary. 11 years ago how many members were there of these institutions, of the various kinds of me chanics' institutions and apprentice libraries and reading-rooms ? Five-and-twenty hundred 11 years ago; now there are B,ooo—(hear)—no little increase in the comparatively short period of 11 years. How many books were there in the library at the be ginning of that period ? Eight-and-thirty thou• sand—no inconsiderable number—enough to en courage hope, and enough to stimulate to further exertion. Accordingly to further exertion they were stimulated. They were encouraged; and now, instead of eight-and-thirty thousand, 85,000 is the number of the books in the library. (Applause.) Now, I entirely agree with my hon. friend—one of your members who last addressed you—in his re marks upon what those libraries ought to be ; and he used a most happy expression, which I heard to-night for the first time, that books ought to be a man's companions as well as his teachers. (Hear.) And in their society he ought sometimes to obtain information, sometimes to be set a-thinking, and pondering, and therefore increase his wisdom ; but sometimes, also, to obtain relaxation, for these are the carious qualities which society possesses, and these are the various goods which social intercourse bestows, partly to instruct, by the communication, the mutual communication, of intelligence ; partly to instruct by the mutual communication of infor mation in matter of fact • but also partly to relax, after the severity of the labours of the day, in harmless and even wholesome - amusement. (Ap plause.) I therefore entirely agree with my hon. friend in condemning that . error—l won't call it rigorous or puritanical, because I don't choose to call names—of those who maintain that no work of fiction is fit to find a place in those libraries. (Loud applause.) My hon. friend instanced various books, works of fiction, but he might have instanced the greater part of poetry. Shall poetry be excluded from all access to these libraries. Shall working men, and others of the class above the working class, not relax their minds by reading the works of Dryden, and Pope, and Milton ? Why, these are relaxations of the most refined order, and also wholesome to the mind, in producing right trains of thought, and producing right moral principles. (Applause.) I would except, as Mr. Ridley ex cepted, all works of a pernicious tendency; but there is no occasion to make any exception. This speaks for itself; but the innocent amusement to be ob tained and the innocent relaxation—and the more than innocent, the wholesome and useful relaxation —to be obtained from works of fiction, which there fore must be from their nature innocent, from their nature good, from their nature wholesome, the read ing. community of all orders, from the humblest to the highest, ought to, enjoy. (Applause) Much has been said by both my lion, friends your m‘,)mbers, Mr. Ilcadlam as well as Mr. Ridley, of mechanics' institutions being supposed not to embrace those classes for whom they were primarily and chiefly intended ; and it is quite true, as Mr. lleadlam ob served, that if they do not reach those classes, it is the fault in the construction of their rules, and in the management and administration of their affairs. (Hear, hear.) Now, this association has lately, I am very sorry to find—l was not aware of it till to-night—excluded the two counties with which I lm more particularly connected, Cumberland and Westmoreland; and also I think Yorkshire was mentioned as having originally formed part df the scheme, but that it is now confined to the two coun- ties of Northumberland and Durham. In Cumber land, particularly at Carlisle, we found at one time that there was a difficulty in obtaining the concur rence and active practical support of the working classes. My excellent friend, Dr. Elliott, I think it was, and one or two of his friends, of whom he was the chief, first suggested that in order to insure the confidence of those classes, the best course would be to confine the council and committee of management entirely to these classes. (Applause.) rule was laid down that no person should be a member of the council who did not live by weekly wages. (Applause.) The consequence of this was immense. At once the rooms were filled. The read- ing-rooms, which before had been deserted, were immediately filled, and ever since that they have been the favourite resort of the working classes. So it has been at Kendal and at Manchester, and at other places ; some of them in the county of Northumberland, where the Carlisle rule was adopted. It is chiefly applicable to reading-rooms and libraries. There are some difficulties in apply ing it to mechanics' institutions which are supported by lectures ; but to libraries and reading-rooms of all descriptions the rule has been most successfully applied. I should say applied with unvarying suc cess. As I said before, they have become favourites of those classes, and rivals—successful rivals—of other rooms—(applause)—not private rooms, but public rooms—(laughter and applause)—where not books, not journals nor newspapers are to be found —at least if they are found, in very small propor tions are they found • but something else, which I will not name, is to be found, and is distributed to all who can afford to rob their wives and children of pence, in order to gratify themselves, and which, am sorry to say, has not the effect of greatly im proving them. (Loud applause.) It has neither the efftct of instructing nor of amusing, nor of keeping in good order the thoughts and the feelings and the passions ; but if I were to say that the distribution of this matter rather has the.vm y opposite effect — (hear, hear)--I should not by any means be guilty of exaggeration. These public rooms to which I rtler, the reading. rooms and apprentice libraries of illez,e institutions, which have adopted the Carlisle rule, have been found formidable, and not on; v for rnidable, but successful, triumphant rivals. (Loud applause.) I have often had occasion to state my opinions to the working classes upon some points in their conduct which deserved consideration, and the remark:. which I have occasionally been led to make arc not• applicable to the working classes alone,btt are equally applicable to all classes of ceiety—to the middle ranks, to the higher ranks, and to the highest ranks ; but to the working classes their applicability is peculiar. Now, one of those maxims that I have taken leave on various occasions of this sort to lay down is the great economy of time. I consider time is the working man's currency. (Hear, hear.) His capital is his industry, his knowledge, his skill, his experience. I compare his time to a kind of currency. and then I apply to that currency the maxim applied to common cur rency, " Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves." (Hear, hear.) Take care of the minutes, and the hours will take care of themselves. (Applause.) Another maxim I have occasionally referred to applies to all business, and to men of business of all kinds. Never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day (applause), and I once or twice have mentioned an exception—a very glaring exception—which I know to this rule in a very old friend of mine who is now no more— -1 mean the late Prince Talleyrand—who went upon the opposite pripciple of never doing to-day what you can put off till to-morrow (laughter), and he sometimes, as an apology for the promulgation of this doctrine, used to give two or three instances, Culled from many, I have no doubt, in which his doctrine had failed, in which, having been called on to answer a despatch or answer some application, he, when his secretary said, " had he not better answer it to-day 9it came yesterday," said, "No, no, put it off for a day or two ;" and he waited three or four days, and then came an account which showed that no answer was required—that the thing was done. (Laughter.) But these were ex ceptions—these were mere casual exceptions; and the general rule I bold to be quite against the Prince, though his experience and his talents were no doubt very great, and that you should never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day. (Applause) Perhaps you would rather think me encroaching upon your time and upon the province of my rev. friend, your worthy vicar, if I were to make any further reference to those practical rules ; but, as we are upon a practical subject, and among practical men, I will take this course. Another maxim, which I took occasion to mention to my excellent - friend, Mr. Cowen, on our way here, when we were speaking of the railway to-morrow, was, that it is always better to be a quarter of an hour too early than a quarter of a minute too late. (Applause and laughter.) Now this is a very im portant rule; and it implies a principle of the greatest possible moment : it is that you should always anticipate the effects of ignorance—not wait till you are a sufferer by ignorance —(hear, hear)—not wait till you find harm done to you by your want of information, or your want of skill, or imperfect experience. It is too late then. Fools are taught by experience : wise men by observa tion and reflection. (Applause.) The fool waits till he feels the loss of what he ought to have secured; and he suffers that which he might have prevented, if he had taken the proper time to obtain the information. So it is in all matters. The want of preparation—the delaying the proper time, the fit time, till it is too late, when the effects of the want have begun to be felt, this is the greatest mischief that can happen, for then the remedy comes too late. The mischief's done; and this applies to all sorts of pursuits—in peace, in trade, in the matter of health, in war as well as in peace. If you wait till you are attacked, and begin then to defend yourselves, it is too late—you ought to have defended yourselves, you ought to have prepared your defence, before you were attacked. (Applause.) Th 9 greatest orator of antiquity—the greatest orator who ever appeared in the world, tells the Athenians " Why, you are doing as the barbarians do : they too fight ; they too attack ; they too give blows, but they wait till they are struck ; and after they are struck, they put forth their strength, and return the blows, and it is too late. Provide your defences; make your attack; but make it before you are attacked yourselves, then your defence is of some use; afterwards it comes too late." Though I am digressing for a single moment from the sub ject of our present meeting, I hold this to be the true wisdom of this country at the present time. (Applause.) I hope and trust that from one end of the island to the other the people of this country feel that they have no reason to distrust our neigh bours ; on the contrary, that they trust their neigh bours, but they trust themselves more—(applause) —and that, without any distrust either of our neighbours or of ourselves, it is our business, at all events, to be so prepared and so well defended as to make attack not only impossible to succeed, but impossible to be made. (Cheers.) On this subject I have given you an illustration of the homely maxim I set out with, stating that it is better to be a quarter of an hour too early than a quarter of a minute too late. (Applause.) It is better to de fead yourselves even before it is absolutely neces sary, because if you wait till it necessarily comes your defence will come too late. Allow me once more to return you my most hearty thanks for the kind reception which I have met with among you. In former times I used to pass a considerable portion of each year, when I went the northern circuit, in this town of Newcastle and in Durham. For the last 30 years, when I have ceased to be a member of the bar, of course I have not had an opportunity of coming among you; but I find among you the same cordial reception which I always did when I was here upon my professional avocations. (L?ud applause.) THE THAMES EMBANKMENT AND ADMIRALTY VETO. The following letter, addressed to Mr. T. Hawks ley. the eminent civil engineer, by Sir W. Worsley, Bart., has been sent to us for publication : TO MR. T. HAWKSLEY, C.E. Sir,—Permit me to thank you for reminding me of the two supposed objections to the dam principle : 1. That silt would be injuriously brought. 2. That the low town districts would be rendered less dry. These objections, if founded on fact, would beoseri ous ones, but I feel you would not, on due consi deration, like to endorse them ; prior, however, to showing this, I must mention that the observations in your report of Nov., 1857, to the Metropolitan Board, "admitting that a dam would effect the pu rification of the river through the town," and to which I allude at p. 6 in the pamphlet I sent you, are identical with my suggestion of a dam submit ted to the Board in 1856 ; also that your report does not distinguish whether the injury alleged by the Admiralty as likely to occur from silt would take place above or below such dam ; and that as to my being in "error" respecting the quarter of the river to which you meant the objection to apply, the remark is hardly a fair one, seeing that I had elsewhere gone into the facts of the silt questiou, and that the hypothetical case (p. 10) establishes those facts. You now say you meant that the injury would occur below the dam ; an admission that comes after it had been shown by. my figures rela tive to the commerce of the river and docks as they exist at present, that it could not be above the dam, and that a high water Pool dock would not only be no injury but an enormous advantage. The Admiralty complaint, then, conies to this— that commerce would suffer below dam ; let us therefore examine the weight of this objection. It is known, theoretically and practically, that silt is always more or less in motion on the bed of a large river estuary, and that a deposit of silt will sometimes occur in the Thames Pool on the very spot from which a previous bed had been just dredged, notwithstanding there had been no un usual flood from the up-country, showing that the fresh bed of silt must have come up river, it being at the same time perfectly evident, from the sta tionary character of the estuary's maiu features, that the silt in it must be either nearly a constant quantity, or that it ultimately passes into the sea. No unusual permanent accumulation occurs—if it did, the estuary would long since have been silted up, save only the needful channel for taking off the water from the country. Again, an unusual , removal of silt, unless in a long line with the stream, would gradually be made np either from above or below, until the estuary assumed its wonted state, as shown by my evidence quoted in the Government report of 1856, and further explainer. (p. 11) in the pamphlet. The causing an artificial increase in the velocity of the flood-tide, by permitting it to - discharge it self into some large excavation towards the limit of the tidal flow, would both increase the erosion and bring up more silt, to be left by the ebb where ever it found a place suited to receive it ; and this process would go on until the estuary again came under its natural law. On the other hand, if you diminish the velocity of the current by intercepting a portion of the flood-tide water there would, of course, be less tendency to erosion and less silt brought up ; the per centage of water to be stopped, in the case of the Thames, would, however, be tog trifling to produce any appreciable difference. The estuary would remain in stain quo. This we know, practically, would ba the result, as I shall show, presently, by an instance in point. Ifthe character of a long river estuary were to be materially changed by greatly. shortening its course into the sea, or, diverting its ordinary supply of water from the up country, the mouth of such estuary might °soon silt up . to a serious extent, as happens sometimes in artificial harbours. The occasional accumulation of silt on some spot in the Pool, owing to a number of vessels causing a lull at that point in the man current, or from some unusual flood, has bt , n often removed by Credgin ,, , as above referred to. rather than wait its more tedious removal by the ordinary estuary action. On my principle, nothing of this kind could occur . Sewage, being buoyant under a moderate agita tion of the water, is governed by a different law, as I pointed out to the Board in reference to Mr. Bazalgette'sfirst report in 1856, in which: he assumed—and he now goes back to his old conclu- 9' sion—that an outfall 14 or 15 miles below bridge would insure the sewage passing off down river; which view has, you know, been since elaborately canvassed, and repeatedly condemned, as hydrody namically wrong. No one questions Mr. B.'s scienti fic skill in planning vast schemes of drainage suited to the wealth, and supposed wants of the town, but I must hesitate before I believe the engineering mind, so to speak, is equally satisfied that he will succeed as regards the primary object of the act—the puri fication of the river. I have no feeling against Mr. 13., indeed, he would tell you I wrote him in 1856 to the effect that I hoped he would be the person entrusted to carry out whatever suitable plan might be adopted. I must now refer to the promised case, as regards silt not being injuriously brought up by a dam. Since the receipt of your favour I have been visit ing in the neighbourhood of the tidal dam and lock on the river Ouse, four miles below York, and took the opportunity to inspect the same. These works were constructed under an act of the 13th of Geo. 1., for the improvement of the navigation from that point upwards. The tidal rise just below the dam ranges as high as nine or ten feet. Prior to the dam the tide at York, 80 miles from the sea, rose from three to five feet. For 10 or 12 miles from the dam upwards—that is, as far as the water is penned back—this river may be termed a high-tide down water lake, and from its general pellucid state, and high level, adds very greatly to the commercial, sanatory, and social condition of that ancient and interesting city. The river, or estuary, downwards, loses, in conse quence of this dam, probably four or five per cent. of its former ebb water, but this has never been known to injure the navigation in the smallest de gree by any permanent deposit of silt in the bed of the estuary ; on the contrary, vessels come up of as deep a draught as before the lock was made. The commercial lead at Hull originated in the greater accommodation there, and the increased size and draught of sea-going vessels. The Ouse and the Humber are, perhaps, subject to somewhat more marked variations in the up and down currents than the Thames, and silt may occa sionally drift more largely from place to place in the former than in the latter river, but without any permanent injury to the navigation. The Ouse estuary has, in fact, remained practically in statu quo for the last 70 years ; that is, ever since the tide had been intercepted by the above-named dam. In this case the Admiralty fortunately did not, I believe, know what works were contemplated, or possibly the darn and lock might yet be only loom ing in the distance, or the project so coupled with absurd conditions as to damp all speculative ardour. The works themselves shew that the Ouse was never adapted to vessels of much draught or length, but, such as it was below dam, such it remains. The only question would be, whether the lock and dam would have answered the object in view better had they been placed somewhat farther down, so as to have given a greater depth both ways ; three or four additional feet of depth upwards might., pro bably, have been attained, as the banks are deep. No doubt the precise spot, as well as the length of lock, were decided on in reference to the draught and length of vessels then trading to York. In respect to the vast commercial advantages from the down river dock at Bristol, and apart from the perfectly purified condition of the water and the atmosphere at that place, they are, as they must always be, in the ratio of its depth and magnitude. I am not prepared to say how long, or in what way, the Admirals y interfered to prevent those im provements being carried out—no doubt as long as red-tape:consistency would permit; their consent, I am told, was not given until it had been arranged that a compensation channel, as they call it, was to be simultaneously cut ; which, whatever advantage the Admiralty might anticipate from it, was ac cordingly carried into execution, the same being now looked upon generally, as little better, if not worse, than a dead waste every way. In regard to the Thames, then, it is evident that if our or five per cent. of the water—and this it has ; been ascertained would be the whole difference— that usu illy flows up were to be intercepted by means of a dam at Blackwall, no injury would occur from silt ; on the contrary, the velocity of the current would, pro tanto, be diminished, and the tendency to bring up silt lessened. Besides the tidal rise immediately at the dam would be wholly vertical ; there could, therefore, be no ten dency to bring up, or deposit silt in that quarter ; in fact, the very small alteration in the current, whether up or down, would hardly be appreciable in any respect; the effect, such as it was, would, however, be in favour of not bringing up more silt, whilst the letting off, at low tide, of the super fluous ordinary and flood water would produce a down scour much more active in regard to silt than the tidal ebb could, under any circumstances, effect; thus increasing the tendency to carry the silt down. You see, then, from the foregoing facts and princi ples, that we are, necessarily, brought to the con clusion, in spite of the known Admiralty objection, that the bed of the estuary could not possibly be injuriously affected as regards silt by the proposed dam. _ _ _ As to any improvement in the lower navigation, that is another question. If it were wished to in crease the width and depth of the estuary, we have seen that the tidal law would effect both, if the above mentioned additional excavation were resorted to; but the estuary is deep and wide enough ; and as it has been indisputably shown that it would remain so, why hesitate to secure the commercial, purifying, and other obvious benefits incidental to the proposed plan ? In reference to the pollution of the river, it seems now certain that no attempt at a cure by any new system will be listened to by the Admiralty; they evidently regard that pollution not merely as a necessity, but as an all-important agrement—we can hardly at least suppose they really think that silt would accumulate injuriously, the facts and all experience being diametrically opposed to that view. Whatever their existing powers were, they have somehow contrived to get a veto on on this point introduced into the new act. Since then they have determined on a pertinacious ignoring of the com• mercial improvement, health, comfort, and credit of the town, on the faith of an erroneous dogma ; all we can say therefore is, that the sooner they can be brought to disabuse their minds of this belief the better. They cannot take up a more untenable position than they have done. After all, however, considering that h tired of innovation which seems to be the characteristic of the Admiralty, and the sort of prescriptive right they claim to oppose all changes that come within their jurisdiction, we ought not perhaps to wonder at their setting up the cry, that the navigation would be injured by " the silting up" (as you explain their objection) of the river, owing to some four or five per cent of the forty or fifty miles of a widely-eXpanded estuary being intercepted. They will have it that a'l comes up, whilst Mr. Bazalgette is just as determined that all goes down. Now, these gentlemen cannot all be right; both sides are, in fact, as I have always en deavoured to show, partly right and partly wrong. This arises from not duly considering the different effects of tidal action on non-buoyant and partly buoyant subjects. Nature arranges these matters, as she always does, with the greatest advantage, and her principle here is to keep useful organic substances from going into the sea, whilst she dis charges comparatively. useless inorganic ones into it; the processes by which she works are slow ones, but all experience proves the truth of thesetwo ten dencies ; in other words, the navigation of the estu ary, as well as its purifying foreshores have, from time immemorial, been much the same as they are now, and would remain so, under the proposed change, for ages to come. Many remember that prior to the present system of house drainage into the river, some of its foreshores had formerly a much deeper deposit of mud, but no one alleges that there is, anywhere, more mud now than there used to be ; the reason of this it is needless to repeat. The mud banks might still have been tolerated as heretofore, had we not become so much more fastidious as to smells, and alive to the danger of an atmosphere seriously contaminated with noxious exhalations from the river, particularly •at high water, surcharged as it is to the very surface with organic substances in a state of putrescence, steaming for weeks together under .n almost tropical sun, and emitting at all times highly deleterious gases, no matter whether they be always offensive to the smell or not. The object then to be achieved, and without which the community at large never ought to be, and never will be satisfied, is an actual purification of the river through the ingtropolis ; but it appears there is something-like an insuperable bar to this consum mation. " Right or wrong" the Admiralty "will not tolerate" the plan I propose, which you yourself acknowledge would purify the river, whilst you hold out no hope of doing so effectually by any other one. They rejoice in Father Thames as he is. They have lone been case-hardened to his distempered con dition, and, having a quasi last voice ia the matter, they will, of course remain where they are—on the London margin of the Thames ; the more susceptible portion of :the , Len t? islature with their host of sea son, shop-frequenting followers will, I should ima gine, rather he fain to call, and that with no doubt ful vote, for new Houses of Parliament, new man sions, and new Barks, on his more hygeian banks at Windsor or Oxford. Mr. Bazalgette's first plan was, you know, brought out, very confidently, early in 1856, and my brief objections to it appeared shortly afterwards, when his plan was rejeted. A ponderous and very costly blue-book drainage report, with other elabo rate enquiries, and two years' delay ensued. Mr. B. was, of course, disappointed, and perhaps the rather as my objections were virtually admitted before the Select Committee of the house of Com mons, &c., to be well founded. Everything now again hangs on his fiat. His old view is insisted on, and Admiralty red tape is brought—indirectly indeed—to bear hi his favour ; but this mode of proceeding will hardly do, and time will probably elaborate a more desirable issue. His misconcep tion may seem a trifling one, but we see it would both perpetuate serious evils, and stand in the way of important benefits. I have been for some time aware of the supposed misapprehension on the part of the Admiralty; in deed I had a communication of undoubteeautho rity from that quarter a year ago as to the view taken by the Admiralty on the silt question—to which any more direct rep'.y than this letter would now seem needless. In short, though you may not be so free to publish it as I am, the engineering world are, I believe, quite aware of the known ob jections of the Admiralty upon this apprehension of any works by which the tidal action would be diminished, and that "the Houses of Parliament support them in all their acts," and that, therefore, " whether it be or be not safe as respects the lower navigation" to place a dam in the situation, I propose the Admiralty "would not tolerate" the notion. I am, with most others I believe, quite inclined to credit—ought I to say—the pertinacity or blindness of the Admiralty as regards their sole objection, but I cannot think that the Houses of Parliament will countenance error come from whence it may, espe cially when opposed to the commercial, sanatory, social, and ornamental character of the metropolis. I only wish the obstructives had my faith, not only that commerce would be uninjured, but that it would be incalculably benefited by the proposed change, and that Mr. Balzagette would sanction, what I fancy he must feel to be true, that the river in the locality of the town never can be purified, to any bearable degree, so long as it is permitted to flow through that quarter as a tidal one. If we hope to obtain the benefits sought, we must both observe the natural laws on which they depend, and also bring into the field the three parties by whose combined exertions alone those benefits are ever likely to be achieved, as referred to (page 20) in these words, " Indeed, unless this course be taken it would only be a snare to leave the public in the hope that the river was going to be purified." Under the definite agreement subsisting between the Go vernment and the Corporation such union of forces would be a matter of course. The board has just now admitted the necessity of my suggestion of November last, that themselves, the Government and the Corporation should unite their efforts in regard to embanking and purifying the river. Embankments of some sort or other are now re'arded as a sine qua non,—but the project, said to be counte nanced by the Board, of a long, broad island em bankment, down each side of the bed of the river at low-water mark, with side barge basins, would be every way commercially wrong, very costly, and a serious nuisance and eye-sore. tts shewn a/ page 13 and 14. _ _ _ Gn the other hand, terrace embankments, having intercepting drains built into them, and faced with quay walls, &c., on the high-water dock principle, would be inexpensive, commercially advantageous, very ornamental ; and no perceptible infringement, as to width, on the prestige of the river. _ _ fheobjeetion that a 114lr-level dock would make the low town districts less dry seems equally groundless. The benefit derived from low intercept ing cuts, or drains, on each side of, and near to a higher stream drain, arises from having the subter ranean saturation drawn off into such lateral cuts, and carried away, independently of the middle stream. The idea that the water in the middle stream would, from being on a higher level, escape through its bed under the side cuts into the land to be drained is more imaginary than real. The ten dency in a river is to force mud or clay into the pores of its bed, or, so to coat it over as that it may be able to carry the superincumbent water without filtration. If this were not so, rivers would seldom fulfil their appointed end ; sometimes, indeed they do lose themselves in beds of stone, gravel, or sand, but this is the exception, not the rule. Gravel and sand-beds are natural reservoirs of water, and are supplied from rain and springs, in dependently of rivers, and when drains or wells are cut into them the water readily filters out as long as there is any stored up 4aturation, after which there will only be the ordinary influx from the springs. The almost universal fact was shown to be the case when the gravel bed near to, arid commu nicating with the Thames was being excavated to the extent of 90 acres for the Victoria Docks. The influx of water into this excavation was, at first, so large as to cause a heavy expense in pumping,— the influx, afterwards, was trifling,—nothing more, probably, than filtration from the springs. The not . unfrequent breaking in of tidal water over the low town districts,—which must happen under the simultaneous occurrence of a large down increase of water, a high spring tide, and a strong north wind up river cannot but greatly increase the subterranean saturation,—an evil, in a, sanitary point of view, and apart from injury to property, held to be most serious by , I believe, all medical men who have ever thought on the subject, and which is, in fact, the great evil and difficulty under the present tidal system of the low level drainage, which must therefore be guarded against at almost any cost, but for which it would seem hopeless to attempt to provide any effectual remedy, except the plan I have ventured to propose. —I am, sir, your obedient servant, WM. WORSLEY. Hovingham Hall, York, Oct. 22, 18.59. POLICE INTELLIGENCE, Oct. 30. LAMBETH.—EXTRAORDINARY CASE OF AF FILIATION.—A SECOND JOSEFIL—John Lindon, a tall, cadaverous-looking man, about 30 years of age, and with a profusion of hair and whiskers, at tended before Mr. Yardley- on a summons calling upon him to show cause why an order of affiliation should not be made on for the support of a male child to which Elizabeth Mcakson had given birth, and of which child he was alleged to be the father. The complainant, a rather good-looking young woman, who carried her illegitimate offspring in her arms, deposed that .the had become acquainted with the defendant about two years ago, and had , been in the habit for the greater portion of that time of washing for him, but it was only in Sep tember twelvemonths that any intimacy of an im• proper character took place between them. In that month she had slept two nights with the defendant, the first time at a coffee-house in the Walworth road, and the second, a fortnight after, at another coffee-house in the London-road, and soon after she discovered that she was in the "family way." She told the prisoner of her situation, but he refused to do anything for her. In her cross-examination by Mr. Edwin, who attended for the defendant, the complainant ad mitte•l that she had not seen the defendant from Christmas last, when she told him of her situation, until that morning, except observing him once or twice passing her father's house. Mr. Edwin—lhe defendant courted you with the intention of making you his wife? - Witness—He did, sir. .. Mr. Edwin—Now, tell his worship what it was that caused him to change his mind. Witness—No, I cannot. _ _ _ I\7;:EdwinLbid you at any time make him a present of a silk handkerchief ? Witness, after some hesitation—Yes, I think I did. Mr. Edwin—Now, tell his worship what you told my client when you gave him the handker chief. Did you not tell him that you got it from a gentleman with whom you slept the night before, whose initials were in the corner ? Did you not say also that he gave you half a sovereign, and that you were to meet him by appointment next night ? Witness—No such thing ; I have not slept with any one but John Lindon since I knew him. On being further pressed, the complainant ad mitted that she had been seduced before meeting with the defendant, but repeated she had no ha proper intimacy with any other person since she had given up her company to the defendant. Mr. Edwin—There arc one or two questions more. Did you not purchase the wedding ring, and were you not very anxious that the defendant should marry you just before you disclosed to him the position you were in ? Witness—lt was no such thing. I was not anxious to marry him, though I purchased the ring. Mr. Edwin—Did you not tell your sister that the defendant purchased the ring? Witness—No, I did not. Mr. Edwin—What is the colour of the child's eyes ? Are they not quite blue, while those of the defendant as well as your own are perfectly black ? (Laughter.) The complainant declined answering the ques tion, and the gam of the auditory was at once placed on the infant in her arms, whose eyes were remarkably, blue, and altogether different from those of the defendant's. The complainant called two witnesses, whose evi dence went merely f o prove previous good character, and not corroborative of her testimony as to the claim of pareut,ige of the defendant. The com plainant, however, said there was a third witness, whose evidence would be corroborative in two ma terial points, but she had not made her appearance as she expected. Mr. Yardley here told the complainant she might, if she thought proper, avail herself of the testirneny of the defendant, and if she desired it, he would THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 1, 1859. call the defendant into the - witness-box and havi :him sworn. The complainant requested that this might be done, and The defendant was accordingly called into the witness-box and sworn. He said that about the beginning of September in the last year, at which time he was keeping her company, the complainant came up to him one morning in the Borough, and said she had slept with a gentleman on the night before, who had given her half-a-sovereign, and prevented her with a silk handkerchief, with his initials in the corner, and requested his (witness's,' acceptance of the latter. He did accept of it, an it was the same he then produced; and after this he had made up his mind not to marry her, though she appeared very anxious just then that he should. He would swear positively that he never had anY connexion with the young woman in all his life. Air. Yardley—Have you heard what she has swzra to, namely, that you had actually slept tw o nights with her—once at a coffee-house in tlr Wabworth-road, and the other at a coffee-house in the London-road? What have you got to say to this ? Defendant—Well, that is true, your worshiP. (Laughter.) I did sleep with her at the coffee -shop s she mentions, but I had been ill before. Mr. Yardley—How came Toll to sleep with the complainant ? Defendant—Well, Sir, I met her one n ight, whe e she said she had left her father's house, that sue had money to pay for a bed, and wished me to sleeP with her, and I did. She met me a second tin and told me the same, and I slept with her a secee time, but that was on the 14th and 28th October, and not September. trot r Mr. Yardley—Then are you prepared to siv,_ that though you slept two nights with her, tne :you had no connexion with this young woman? Defendant—l am prepared and do swear it. _Mr. Yardley—Are you an Irishman ? Defendant—No, Sir ; I am an Englishman . was bred and born at Plymouth. Mr. Yardley—l should have thought you to be2 l . Welshman, from your own description of going bed two different nights. It was very lik e vi =.l is described as bundling in Wales. (Laug hter il The case is a very extraordinary one, and 1 she adjourn it for a week, to give time for the V el d plainant to produce her witness, and also to Ve r an opportunity of making further inquiries respect ing the antecedents of th complainant. HAMMERSMITH.—APPLICATION FOR A rr TECTION ORDER.—ROYAL'S WlFE.—After the tar posal of the night charges, a cleanly•d re ssed Y° l l woman entered the witness box, and applied for a,. order to protect her earnings from her husbauad She stated that her name was Elizabeth Royal-0 14P o was the wife of George Frederick Royal, Naha W " indicted at the Central Criminal Court on VI day, for the murder of Zipporah Wright, by and was acquitted. Mr. Ingham—Where do you live ? Applicant--At No. 4, William-street, Uxbri d g e street, Notting-hill. Mr. Ingham—Did you give your husband anY cause for leaving you? four Applicant—None, Sir. He deserted Ine 0 years last May, leaving me with three ellild e f-i; and with the expectation of being confined Wl' another. Mr. Ingham—Have you seen him since ? Applicant—Not until a month ago, when be was charged at the Thames Police Court. Mr. Ingham—How do you get your living Applicant—l go out washing three days a- be t wu I I can keep myself and children comfortable, b can't keep him. Mr. Ingham—And you want your earning P r°. tected? Applicant—Yes, Sir. Mr. Ingham—Have you any furniture? Applicant—Yes, sir ; I have one room fall' r to Mr. Ingham—Then y ou s h a ll h a ve the ord er protect your earnings and furniture. Applicant—Thank you, sir. Mr. Ingham then t o ld th e a ppli c a would have to re g ister the order at the count,' c° to make it valid. n t that til°, COUNTRY MARKETS .CO 29 ha n A firm supply of what to-day at the . ger c orn-eo alt i o g and the trade was firm, at about late rates. Fine 111 , sr o f barley in good demand, and rather dearer. Beans and also peas, at full prices. to 344 Wheat, white 42s to 50s Beans Mazagan.." red 32s to 42s Middle & smal l 36s to 424 Barley 3 t o 28s 6s to 46 s White pets e . 4 : 5 : 38.1'6 Oats 2os CHELMSFC A fair supply of wheat and ness transacted. Best plant some instances, and inferior Spring corn was dull. Wheat. white 42s to 53s red 40s to 46s Barley 326 to 40s Chevalier 34s to 44s Grinding 22s to 28s Malt 60s to 66s Chevalier 63s to 68s Oats 24s to 33s )RD—OcT. 28. barley, and an active b us hi i. ies of wheat were is dearer P'" s orts supported previous rateS. Pe l a y s, h r t :r . tri . ....... too 440°44 .. 358 to 426 BoiliDun ..... 33s to 366 410 Beans Tick ....IN 4111 to Harrow Ticks 41s to 7-I‘lazagan . . .... 365 to 384 OXFORD—OcT. 29. A liberal quantity of grain of all kinds on offer ts-ycletirYl' much of it, owing to the late wet weather, was it, I t o middlingcondition. A good attendance, andw, q uow er qr . rates—viz., for white, 46s to 525, red 41s to 47%P 50s Barley, 23s to 465; oats, 20s to 30s; beans , 38s liour, hog peas, 39s to 42s ; boilers, 42s to 50e per clr* 32s per sack. Hay, from £3 lOs to £4 Os per ton. —• DERBY—OCT, 29. Tva ls At market yesterday wheat came freely to hand. , lot was active, but no advance upon the currencies 0 ) 1 . ost e week. Barley in moderate demand, and as dea' w ere were sold at an advance of is on late rates. Beans also sold at is advance. 'el to 294 White wheat, new, 44s to 50s Barley, grinding. •-• 30 I 219 t ° .... Red do. 4os to 46s Oats, old ***** to ° l' /•• * ots '' 01(1 white 4ls to 50s New do ........ .. 14 4 to 04 Red do. 40s to 46s Beans. ........... - • to ---.3 Barley, malting.— 36s to 44s Beans, new ...... ‘---3 NORTHAMPTON—Our. 29. „d sold At this corn-market wheat was in average suPPIY' s % neiff at about late rates—prices rangino• from 40s to 45s ".? tr ade and 42s to 46s per quarter for old': There Was fo passing in barley. Oats, with a slow demand, que) r ted st moi 24s to 31s. Beans, old, 48s to 50s ; new, 365 to 400. —s to —s ; malt, 66s to 70s. FOREIGN 31,11 L PACKET LIS UO'Y Rile. En the following table E signifies that letters are by evening mails from London, and M by morning- 1" by evening mails from London, and 31 by mornlyn g , e lii DESTINATIONS. Despatch Port o f due. ~, of Mails. Despatch. ........./ ....----------- Australia and Mauritius, via NO 4 . I° Southampton Nov. 12, 31 SouthatoP.. o N , Ditto, via Marseilles Baha m 0 as and Havana via New Canada, &c. ((by Canadn. pckt ) York Ca sipon, e o and St. Helef Good Hop na e, Nov 5, E.Devonpor Ascen- t De c. China, Penang and Singa- Nov ° N N o o v v: 2 l s , , EElLLilvveerrppooooli.. .. r r y :,l pore, via Southampton 1 . Ditto, via Marseilles Gibraltar, via Southampton Nov. 4, 31 SonthamP• Nov• ' Honduras and Blewfields India (Calcutta) and Ceylon, SO. .4 via Southampton Nov. 4, 31 SouthaMP . NO. 4•‘ Ditto, via Marseilles India ( on ßombay), via South- 1•10"(' 10 N0v.12. hi SouthaMP O . 4 Ditto, via Marseilles ,Nov. 3, .N.: ............ N 6 Lisbon, Brazils,BuenosAyres,l s°v. 1 and F. Islands Lisbon, Vigo, and Oporto Nov. 7, 31 SouthaMP• '2 llaltt, Egypt, and Adeo, via Sos . • A Southampton Nov. 4, M South aMP• Sof. ; Ditto, via Marseilles Mexico and Havana Nov. 2, 31 SouthamP• "' -- Newfoundland .4 _ United States and British N. • • SO' ...- America (by British packet) Nov. 5, E L i ve.r rfloo. Ditto (by - U. S. packet) West Coast of Africa, Ma- N.,o f ' dcira, and Teneriffe Nov. 23 E Live r p ool. 1 zuela, Chili, l'eru, Grey town, New Granada, &c. B I R T H S. f of A' 13. CANE.—At Colliastown, Clondalkin, the wife West India, California, Vene- . Cane, Esq., of a son. ~. %frt. 0001 B I R CANE.—At Collinstown, Cl Cane, Esq., of a son. GtritigEv.—On the 30th ult./ Gurney, of a son. Ili de. PAGE.—On the 20th ult., at 12, Norfolk -s q uare' park, the wife of 11. Page, Esq., of a daughter. i , . "to .. SALTER.—On the 30th ult., at 6, Montague•street, sell. square, the wife of Dr. Hyde Salter, of a son' MARRIAGES. ~„,„.( i tlel KittwArr—LA.mror.—On the 29th ult., at Grea t - " -- i t l. A' , parish church, Essex, the Rev. Richard Kirwan), Fli ed eldest son of the late Capt. R. Kirwan, 7th ItOraarrett Tiers, to Rose Helen, elder daughter of the Rev' -- E. Lampct, vicar of Great Bardfield. rhurd i f WILLOCK—BOILEAU.—On the 27th ult., at Barnes • ing Henry D. Willock, son of the late Sir Henry Willock, K.L.S., late of C .,!: i d of nau House, Mortlake, to Mary Elizabeth, onlY A c'' Major C. L. Boileau, formerly of the Rifle Briga ue " ThitEmE.—On the 20th ult., at Vienna , civil engineer, formerly o f Newcasi DEATHS. Esq., Bengal C.S , eldest survisi.tio. A e-upon 63. o l icv. BA ilitOW • —On - the 30th ilt 38 0 f d-tarra ce ' . 1 ~ at , xor . Francis Oct -* ' . aslas barrow, sth M.N.1., aged 31. George Btu. - I,TEE..—On the 25t1 Leaming ton, Ge° 1 nit. , at Bullick, Esq. t M'GEDY.—On the 29th ult , at :I\lar•-ate, after a s hor ._,, ness, Francis M‘Gedy, 11;c1 ofthe Gazette Am ~ John B_Taiylliiie,, E 56.1,1 aged 60. Oom AdolPl i ce nS Kent Oom, Esq., of 1, . , at Tunbridge-Well s, Duche6s-street, Portland-pla aged 52. 5, J'h°' Ton To o.e F . GE.—On the 26th ult., at Starboro Castle , SurreY/ ~, , .sq., J.P., aged 55. A 06 61. WADDIEGvh.—On the 28th ult., at Beacon - g ral ' g- ' liaxham, the Rev. W. J. D. Waddilove, aged 74. t .--On the 27th ult at Clapham-park, 310 -- LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO V3ljso2, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun (Meet 14°. ; of Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, iu the O rtztv° DI ilillekes, Tuesday, November 1, 1539. r e 'xg~; !