The Sun. — London, England, 1858-07-01 00:00:00

- - - - - -- -_. ...._ . . 1 ' A • .. _____ _ . ._ - ..-....._ ____ • '.- - ---1- _............,,,. _ _ .... . _ , . -, .•. 4 7 -. ". I. { 1 - • I . , , . • - . . , .• , ..... . 1 . , • . - J (_-•". ____ ' • - _ - ,.:Y/-'st.--• • ---..-e- ------ . ---- _.---?..- 1- '' 1_ - . . , . . ' '' - 1 . ,,7,-' • -," e'7' ___) „._ .•?./ -- - e.---- -- L-----e•--? -- _ -• ":;:''..,-- ~. - . '-' • - - --' ___ . , i • - • NEWSPAPER. --- r - . . . . . _ -- • • it, • • - ,;• 1 . '.. , ~. • • . , . , , - --------. -- - ••°•r . __ , . ___ . •. -5., . ," 0 ,7 4 , .. .. , _ ....._ .. ....... 1 (gyp 1" r " ,1 4 a e ll a y rc as hit t e o ct s s h f u r t o o ilt u e t d o t y li c e ry ßr b i it tis o l f iM m lse a u n m d ; 1,4 9 \''; t -'''' .01. - _11:: : : . , F..' . _...„ , • . imb h... ---, ; „ , • ..,` , .- - i • ~, t- -- -.k ~...,_ ! 4 ~;•' ~ MONT 13LANC •IS OPEN TO-NIGHT. .. • , ‘ - ' , I ' ' ...‘'. '''t r,7, -- i- - . .. , . the : t o t u h t e h side •; m b a u gt t hnaie t tilyt h c e eob a uri i i i n : :00: one ric os mop e :anrc d t.: : : : : t yie h i dae view d:.:: . . m . - - ' ~X, j,' , - ' - . _., , . c€ , 1 / 4 ,:„....1 p. ..„. . / . . Mr. ALBERT SMITH'S 'VESUVIUS, NAPLES, rom. .2%.. 4% ~,..',-/ .. it % . ...._...., 1 --c.,_ -. • - w 1,\ . A ,, N . ', - it, , ' 7 i, a,• 4 4,,,,, . _s l , (~... -, !4- ::__ 0 ,,."-.- ):: : _' /,: e, '-', • --..:. :•.: 3 , . • -i, - 4 itu, and MONT BLANC, will close on Tuesday Evening, July Gth. ( 4:1 ;i k.). . t 41 ,-, 7,42.. ~ „: f 1 - _ 4 ' 4 l o X - qd 1 .>.,•,'' '- - . 4 ....: c.,.,: ii .\. -, ,ST' ~: , ,1,- . andi Zo o r y cj e i a n r g s 4 a , g w o h t e h n e Bri tish ey wa p n tutbd- „:•••.: - v,i '4'7 44 ••,.. 4 'r. .t... :,,, 111 S 1 CREMORNE--DAILY-ONE SHILLING.- • i e". ' -t'-, _ '' .. . -- ioc - ' d a,‘ -' - '4.' 3 ''- k. -•••-.......ga' n.- - . 0 .1. 1 / 4 pi_,_ ~ ,,14 .• 1 . , i,„, , ,- ~ ,,..t , i i.oi r• , 4. ,t, ,\ \-- s-et--- . 2; ( 0,-..-.-vgi-_,,- ;,,Z , V,- iF'if ~ ,ktit'-" ,\O - ' ' A-F.- ~.-__`- ' . . V.- 7 . -t , ,-.'---_. \ ~, , _3._ 1 .-- "‘i'''' 4 --.• ,„.• :., ~,..„ was thou ht worth the sacrifice, and that watTo l i"t o tc(i n o - f Sax Horn Band-Al fresco Amusements and Concert Ballet-Marionettes-Cirque-Fireworks, &c., &c.-Dancing on the ' • • . . • lwadeh :s 1 Crystal Tlatform commences each evening at half-past eight. . - - - Al R. 3Rd. MRS. GERMAN REEDS NEW _________ ----------- - • . . ~_ ..., _ _ .. ~• .___. .. - •- -, - ________ ____. -- ___ _ _ ____ _- - -- - -- _______ ______ _ _ ENTERTAINMENT.-The New Series of Illustra- THURSDAY EVENING JULY 1 185 S. " [PRICE 4P. S TAMPRD . s'. j for the purpose, though the wal's are plain brick,' tiring by Mr. and Mrs. REED (late Miss P. HORTON), N°. 20,600. ) I 01•IDON J / / • • -7- -- ' laielf ha d o mn every evening except Saturday, at 8. Saturday Afternoon at 3.- - - -- - ---- - --- __ - and the dome iron, brick - , and I spier mache. .New _______ ____ _ _ _ ____ _ Admission Is., 25., and 3s. • Stalls , secured, without extra chance, ........„......., - ---,. i s a u ta t b:;: i r c v e l t v a s e d ° . dr i l ii l if we have to deplore thp delay that has occurred at the Royal Gallery of Illustration 14, Regent•street, mat at Cramer, Beale, and Co.'s, 201, Regent -street. PUBLICATIONS. ORYSTAL PALACE. - IMMEDIATE. - ' THE REVENUE FOR THE YEAR AND QUARTER ENDING JUNE 30, 1858 . in dealing with the sewage and the Thanies, it N__.) Parties able to furnish a few thousand feet of ROUT STOOLS is a consolation to reflect that we have escaped __ -a ----rm.- for the Great Musical Festival 0-morrow, may communicate par- . Nill R. CHARLES DICKENS TO-NlGHTfhereby works of a very imposing, but useless cha wri READ at ST. MARTIN'S HALL, at 8 o'clock, 'MRS. • Now ready, in 1 vol., 10s. 61, board,No. 1.-An Abstract of the Gross Produce of the Revenue of the United Kingdom, in the undermentioned periods, ended June 36, 1858, compared w ith racter. We have escaped the reign Of' that ge n i us titulars ,so.2. E and price Stal I t . oa3tlr. Eightat it c o l , i c e l l o l , ck Superintendent(exaet time) this of Stewards, evenit,g. sl t t the correspomling periods of the preceding year. CIAMP, THE• POOR TRAVLLLER, and BOOTS AT THE A . who would have given us such a structure ns DOLLY TREE INN. W OMAN'S THOUGHTS is imper 'tire that the seats should be delivered at t'.e Crystal - ABOUT WOMEN. .Palacc before Ten o'clock to•tr.orrow. • QUARTERS ENDED I YEAR QUARTERS ENDED YEAR , Wa'erloo- bride perhaps from Bat ersea to Wool- , • Stalls (numbered and reserved), ss. ; Area and Galleries, Is. M.: ' ,. - ended , Unreserved seats, Is. Tickets to be had. at Messrs. Chapman and By the Author of " John Halifax." t i ,------ CRYST AL PAL.tIOE.-GRE AT MUSICAL Sept. 30, Dec. 31, March 31,1 June 30, June 30, Sept. 30, Dec. 31, March 31, June 30, June 31, Mich-the admiration of the world, iu more senses Hall's, Publishers, 193, plccadilly; and at St. Martin's Hall, Long " A very, excellent and thoughtful work by a writer who has Acre, attained a high degree of celebrity."-Sun. Fl'. iTIVAL.-The Exeter Hall T cket Office will he open , 1857 1857 1858- 1858 1 1838 1856 1856 1857 1857 1857 than one. ~ • Hurst and Blackett, publishers, 13, Great Marlborough-street. X £ 1 £ £ ; X £ X £ X £ Now, this is pre-eminently an iron age. Our te•morrnw for the sale of Reserved Scat Tickets . from Eight untt Half-past Ten o'clock, A.m. After that time Leserved Seals can JULY STH and 12TH-CHRISTY'S MINT- STEELS AT ST. JAMES'S HALL. Full particulars will G a u k i e n n eit at A t he Admission t ri al fo P r al t a h c e e. d,, O y i . ie n G ia t y lin b e ... 5 298 000 4 769 000 1 3,251,000 4,626,000 • 17,944,000 ; 5,416,000 4,816,000 2,898,000 4,507,000 17,667,00 a EXCISE , fight to get in at the sleepers, and the builders got On the 7th of Jul July, the Second Edition, with Analytical Table of or °nlY lla b l e f- • ••• . • , .2,24,5, 1,,b1.000 1 2,051,973 2,084,370 i 7,049,598 1,770,649 1,518,000 1,905,477 1,850,491 7,364,617 ST tall S. o'clock r NI. -Intending Visilov Will save trouble by securing Tickets SPA .11 S be duly announced. Tickets at the Office, Piccadaly ; and at Contents, of an innings at the bridges and siations. But iron •:';'icaaeiotnintisilic. k r e , ,; (; E C , U x S c F i. 3 : I , s .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ...... 1,7_ ~ . ~ ~ TAXES 159,0 ',1,361,000 1 305,03:3 1,326,000 1 3,134,031 157,000 1,33 , 3,001 250,020 1,324,000 3, 00 9.020 TAXES. 2diteliell's, 33, Old Bond.straet. 111 R. BUCKLE'S HISTORY OF CIVILIZ A- leforehand. LTAL TION IN ENGLAND. Volume 1., price 21s. POST-OFFICE ••.•••• • • • • • • ............ 730,000 810,000 ; 705,000 1 765,000 7,010,007 615,000 748,000 777,000 673,000 2,845,000 POST-OFFICE. does not remember the hollow trunki of trees that CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS, Polygraphic Hall. London : John W. Parker and Son, Weet Strand. 0 REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- CROWN LANDS MISCELLANEOUS ... 6o,fmet . 82,000 , 70,000 I 64,00(1 , • 276,634 67,857 86,000 67,000 61,000 244,857 CROW N LANDS. - 259;43.0 , 725,7;07 . 146,3601 335,e71 ; 1,676,475 156,34.3 1 195,842 425,3e9 2.56,332 1,034,136 MISCELLANEOUS • used to convey the water, and the wooden posts for THREE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SEVENTH ENTER.- - ' i our oil- lamps ? What was not wood was brick or covered W wit li h at a a n n a o r a ch k , be a r i f c o o r ti e n a o l t .c ar th n e t re nu m s ri t u b s e t _ ld TA IN MENT.-Change of Programme, introducing Burlesque on the 1 ICI: ETS for one month are now issued at Paddington-Fares, 45s TOTALS Cirene.-Many Patrons of the Christy's having been unable to galn This Dv, Two Volumes, Foolscap Svo, 10s. 6d. and 355, i ; i be buttre&-es, s s ol n i t t ; l 4). !i t tu t t i li t es a , h s: a u r fli in t ,r g b , e an g t i l r t e y n in t g o . admission owing to the limited numbers of Stalls, they have now Introduced an extra row, which will afford more ce,mfort to their F OR AND AGAINST ; or, Q•leen Margaret's . r d a ed. n : ti e n t: E3,0t,5Eit351,11, as c e, Q u t i i i , , i; r t t e ., r i So we be to numerous patrons.-Evening at 8, and on Saturday morning, Badge. By FRANCEI M. ' WILBRAHAM. I 1 , ( those engineers W 179 propose to deal with this mat- ' ' commencing at 3. Prices-Boxes, I/. Is, ; Stalls, 3s. ; Area, 2s. : Londoti: J;din W. Parker and Son, West Strand. GRE...A.T WESTERN RAILWAY.- 11.-INCREASE and DECREASE in the Quarter Quarter ended June 33, 1853. i . Year ended June 30, 185 e, 11.-IN ai C e n t E Ye A :r E e a n Back, Is. FA MILY TICKETS to WET MOUTH, for periods VArylrig Bill Year ervled June 30, 1838, as eoinparee i • . from a fortni,lit 0 three months, are now isated at Vaddin,gtoa at with the corresponding periods of the e lirecedine I 'With Illt corresponding periods of tlit, preceding Complete in Three Parts, with numerous Illustratlons.2l. CA. 6d. greatly reduced fares. year. Increase. Decrease. 1 . Increase. Decrease. - year. ter in the spirit of an iron age. The Crystal Palace ' 1 1)R. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL AND E LEMENTS OF CHEMISTRY. By WlLLiam ~ - ------- 1 - - - juinings the - ' PATHOLOGICAL 3117SEUM, ALLEN Minis., M.D., F.R.S., Professor of Chenastry, 1 i £ £ , £ £ £ £ 'in the Park and its successor at Sydenhana were King's Colb-ge, London. REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- CUSTOMS •• • ••. •. • 3, TICHBORNE•STREET (Opposite the Haymarket). FAMILY TICKET-8 to N.AREERTII-ROAD Cor Tenby) EXC15E....... ..... • ........... - - 277,000 •••• , EXCISE. : • and, we may add, stability, because they were LECTURES daily by DR. K :LAIN at Three, and by Dr. SEXTON at a • London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. and Mil ord-haven, for one month, are now issued at Paddington, to S riorrs quarter past One, at Four, and, on Diseases of the Skin, at Eight. •i- .4. Open from Twelve till live, and front Seven till Ten. . This Day, the Second Volume, Octavo, 125.. and 4,55, PROPERTY TAX Admission, ONE SHILLING. 'STORY OF ENGLAND DURING THE - POST-OFFICE CROWN LAND; 90,0 0 .... ' 163,003 .... 8,203 OST-OFFICE. CROWN LANDS. other elements, b:ing the same, the DR. K A.IIN'S NINE LECTURES ON TILE PIIILOSOPIIY OF •• • • •• • • ,r REIGN of GEORGE THE THIRD. By WILLIA3I GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- MISCELLANEOUS MARRIAGE, &c., post free for twelve stamps. M ASSEY, M.P. KILLARNEY and SOUTH of IRELAND, via MlJerd- -,...._- --; --- the work could be prepared in many places at once '• ' ' Lately publishei, the First Volume, 12s. haven and Waterford,-RE . URN TICKETS, for one month, arc TOTALS .. ...... ~...... ..... ..... ... 524,467 1,526,263 ; 1 1,426,333 6,e)14,438 TOTALS. V , A LHAMBRA PALACE, Leicester-square London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. now issued at Paddington.-Fares, 103 s and 80s. a...,.._____-, X 1,601,796 _ -.) L ,e . J l , £5,184,105 -....1 and put together by the aid of machinery equally_ ' • .. - ' fitted to the purpose, and equally applicable to - . ' . . nade iu ts , world. 'lie had arrived at a us. cona - inon•sense view csk these subjects. and accordingly when they wantt d room to read in they built one actually adapted for the purpose, though • the wal's are plain brick,' and the dome iron, brick-, and I spier mache. .Now if we have to deplore flip delay that has occurred in dealing with the sewage and the Thames, it is a consolation to reflect that we have escaped thereby works of a very imposing, but useless cha racter. We have escaped the reign of-that ge n i us who would have given us such a structure es Wa'erloo-bridge perhaps from Bat ersea to Wool- • ' wich—the admiration of the world, iu more senses -ss than one. , • Now, this is pre-eminently an iron age. Our roads are iron, though the masons made a bard fight to get in at the sleepers, and the builders got an innings at the bridges and stations. But iron is everywhere supplanting other materials. Who does not remember the hollow trunks; of tress that used to convey the water, and the wooden posts for our oil- lamps ? What was not wood was brick or stone. What an oak beam could not span must be covered with an arch, and for the arch there must be buttresses, solid haunches, stuffing, and tying. So we beg to suggest that a hearing be given to those engineers who propose to deal with this mat ter in the spirit of an iron age. The Crystal Palace in the Park and its successor at Sydenhana wire ' built with wonderful cheapness, speed, punctuality, and, we may add, stability, because they were simply multiplications of a few iron types. The pillars, girders, windows, heights, distances, and other elements, b:ing the same, the jLinings the - same, and everything fitting in to everything, • • the work could be prepared in many places at once, and put together by the aid of machinery equally_ fitted to the purpose, and equally applicable to" every part of the work. Why cannot the tnost ob noxious part of our sewage, and not mere drainage', . t be conveyed in iron pipes along and just under the banks of the liver far enough for the purpose ? We say far enough, far it appear settle that point at once. If should not prove far enough, ' sible to prolong the insufliei pipe alb please. If, too, one pipe of the largest bore poa , Bible should not be enough we can have another, or ten others, side by side. At some watering places pipes of this sort have had several continua tions, till, instead of one pipe depositing its con tents bstweeu high and low water, there are half-a dozen going out a quarter of a mile into the sea. Should the pipes leak at the joining', that can I , e set right. They won't collapse and become mere heaps of rubbish, like the Victoria Sewer. There they are, at all events ; and, unless they are joined in some marvellous way so as to make a dislocation or a twist irreparable, each joint will he only like one vertebra in.a backbone. 1, .£1,G01,79G Net Decrease. r• :1%4 Account showing the Revenue and -; •eccipts of tin Ginsolidatod Fund e said Quartet) Lirples BLance beyond the charge c• - • t+o4la . tx . Atit I Ast Quarter ended Fund, 18( ' 411 7-4, • .£5,154,105 Net Decrease. MR- FROUDE'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. This Day, the Second Edition, revised, of the First and Second GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. NORTH WALES—Tottris's' Tickets to Chester, earnarvon, Llangollen, Bela, &c. for one month, are now issued at Pad lington--- Fares (rail and coach) 70s and 50s. Volumes, 255 ; HISTOI3 4 Y pf ENG LAND from the FALL qy IVOLSXy to the DE ,ITII of EI.IZ.IBETII. fl JA)IES ANTHONY FROUDE. Lately published, the Third and Fourth Voluinest, 28s. London : Joiln IV. Parl;or and Son, We t Strand. ho Quarter ended June 30, 185 S; the Application of the same, and the Charge of the together with the Surplus or Deficiency upon such Charge. . h for the purpose ? We rs to us unnecesiary to f any one given point 1, it will always be pos. ..f.401#0:&414441#14 , 300 1 011 1 4%; lent pipe as far as we ( v REAT WESTERN RAIL WAY.- ./11 ISLE OF MAN-.—Bangor, Ileaurnaria. and Llandudno. Return Tickets, for one month, are now issued at Paddington— Fares (rail and boat), 70s and 50s. Surplus Balance beyond 21:11'6'31, 18553, riz.: £ Net Amount applied out of the Income for th tion of Exchequer Bills (Deficiency) for II 'ended June 30,1858, pe redep T ended March 31, Idst, :,201,120 Crest Br;tain £ IreWV Amount applied out of the Income to Supply Services, in the Quarter ended June 30, ...... Just published, in Bvo, puke I2s. Gd., . .. . DR. GLOVER on the MINERAL WATERS of .GREAT BRITAIN.• and the CONTINENT; containing Descriptions of their Phi steal and Medicinal Properties ; w.th Direc tions for their Use. With Copper Plates and IVoodcuts. REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.= li" SOUTH WALES—Tourists' Tickets to Milford-haven, :melt able for Narberth-road (for Ter4by), Carmarthen, Swansea, Neat'', Chepstow, &c., for one month, are now issued at Paddington.— Fares, 70s and 51s. 486,773 Ditto, for Exchequer Bonds redeemed .. • 8,512,507 2,000,000 Income received In the Quarter ended June 30, 1858, as shown in Acc unt T..• .. • ..... 16,279,966 Charge of the Consolidated Fund for the Quarter ended June 30, 1858, viz.:— Interest of the Permanent Debt 260,529 Tel minable Debt 6,5,907 Interest of Exchequer Bills (Deticiency) The Civil List Other Charges on Consolidated Fund ... . Advances for Public Works, &c. „ „ , 303,703 London : Henry Renshaw, 356, Strand, Amount raised by Sale of Exchequer Bonds, in part of a Grant of 2,000,0091. Amount rectived in the Quarter ended June 30, 1858, in repayment of Advance,: for Public Work', &c. •• . • ............ •• .. •••• .. • • .......... •• • • ...• .• 1,000,000 On Ist July. No. XI., New Series, price 3s. 6(1., T . - - HE JOURNAL of PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE. Edited by FORBES WINSLOW M.D., D.C.L. GREAT WESTERN x.AILWAY.- Family Tickets to Dawlish, Teignmouth, or Torquay, for one month, are now issued at Paddington, to parties of not lea than threepersons —Fares (each passenger), 50s and 35a. 334,685 18,101,421 7,677,143 CONTENTS :- 1. An Exposition of Brown Seguard's "Views on the Ph3Siolagy and Path°looy of the Nervous System. 2. On the causes of Idiocy. 3. On Suicide. 4. On the Causes of Insanity. 5. Paralysis•of the Insane. 6. Auto'dography of a Drunkard. 7. S ngular Case of Insanity. • 8. Psychology of Kant. London : John Churchill, 'New Burlington-street. Balance, being the deficiency on the 30th Jun•, 1859, upon the charge of the Consolidated Fund in Great Britain, to meet the Dividends and other Charges payable in the Quarter to Sept. 30,1853, and for which Exchequer Bills (I eficleney) will be lsslied in that Quarter .. • •—•••••• Surplus Balance beyond the charge of the Consolidated Fund, for the Quarter enced June 30, 185 4 , viz.: ... .......... X Great Britain .... Ireland ...... ........ ...• •• .......• ..... 41(1,054 GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- On FRIDAY, JULY 9, an EXCURSION TRAIN will leave PADDINGTON at 8.0 a.m. for PLYMOUTEI (offer. Ing facilities for visiting Torbay, Brixham, Dartmouth, and the South Coast of Devon), calling at Weston-super-Mare, Bridge• water, Taunton, Tiverton-road, Exeter, Barnstaple, and Bideford (for Ilfracombe, and the North Coast of Devon), Starc'ess, Dawlish, Teignmouth, Newton, Torquay, Totness, and Kinesbrido-road, and returning on Saturday, July 17, from tlymoutb, at 6.20 a.m., and Intermediate stations as per handbills. 1,735,700 416,( 54 19,837.124 19.837.121 PARLIAMENTARY COMMIT TEE. at all. I would not recommend adopting a part of ALHAAIBRA PALACE, Leicester-square (The best Ventilated and Coolest Building in Europe).— WALLETT'S CELEBRATED CIRCUS COMPANY. - Extraordi nary and Brilliant Success of the unrivalled Troupe of Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes, and SPLENDID STUD OF HORSES. Two Performances daily. The Grand Mid-day Entertainment co mences at half-east 2 ; Evening at 8 o'clock. Admission--Private Boxes from 21. to 21. 10s. each ; Sta'.l4, ss. ; Reserved Seats, Os.; Boxes, 2s. ; P.t, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. Private Boxes and Stalls can only be secured at the Alhtunbra Palace, Leicester-square ; and at Mi chell's Library. Box-offiee (teen from 10 A.M. until 5 p.m. No fees for booking plaCes. Chit dren under 9 years of ace, Half-price to all parts except the Gallery. Under the direction of Messrs. Howes and Cushing. CRYSTAL PALACE, Friday, Jnly 16. GRAND FESTIVAL CONCERT, under the direction of M. Benedict, in the large Handel Orchestra. The following eminent artistes have already aCcepted engagements:—Mme. Lemmans. Sherring,ton and Miss Louisa Pyne, Mme. Weiss and Miss Dolby, Herr Deck, Mr. Weiss, and Mr. Sims Reeves. The Band including 40 first violins, 40 second violins, 26 altos, 28 violoncellos, and 28 double basses (with equal proportion of wind instruments), will number upwards of 200 performers and he composed of the elite of the profession. The choirs, including the Vocal Association, will number 800 vocalists, being a total of 1;000 performers. In the course of the concert Bach's triple concerto for three pianofortes, and Maerer's new concertante for six principal violins, so favour ably received at M. Benedict's concert at Her Majesty's Theatre. will he performed for the first time at the Crystal Palace, by the most distinguished artistes, whose names will he duly announced. Con ductors, M. Benedict and Mr. Manna. Frice of tickets, 2s. Gd. until Wednesday, the 14th of July ; after that date the price will be ss. Season ticket holders have the right of admission on the occasion. AWIDOW in respectable circumstances wishes to take charge of TWO CHILDREN about SIX years of age. The most satisfactory references will be given. —Address R., No. 2, Gunton-place, Peckham-rye. AIET ROPO LITAN COUNTIES LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 27, Regent- treet. Waterloo place, London, S.W. Life assurance, annuities, endowments, and oans on advantageous terms. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Manager. N.B. Policies in force, notwithstanding the Decease of the Life Assured within the thirty days of grace, the :Premium In arrear being deducted from the amount assured. ESTABLISHED 1837. B RITANNIA LIFE ASSURANCE COM PANY, Empowered bySpecial Act of Parliament, 4 Viet., cap. 9, and BRITANNIA MUTUAL LIFE ASSOCIATION, Empowered by Her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent. I, Princes-street, Bank. London. MAJOR-GENERAL ALEXANDRIty Blackheath-park, Chairman. Number of Policies issued, upwards of 11,030. Annual Income from Premiums (exclusive of Interest on Invest ments) upwards of 84,0001. Every description of life assuranue business transacted, with or without participation in profits. ANDREW FRANCIS, Secretary. NTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE I SOLIIETY. 142, Strand, London, W.C., Feb. 25, 1858: estab lished IB37.—Payment of Premitun within Days of Grace,—lt always has been and still is tee practice of this society to pay claims under policies of assurance notwithat , aullnz the death of the assured oc curring within the 30 days of grace, and before payment of the annual premium, provided I...tyment thereof be made, or notice of the death be given to the office before the expiration of such days Of grace. For the Court of Directors, E. S. SYMES, Chairman. E INTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 142, Strand, London. Empowered by Act of Parliament, for LIFE ASSURANCE, SUR VIVORSHIPS, ANNUITIES, ENDOWMENTS, lee. DIRECTORS. EDMOND sTrEPPARD SYMES, M.D., Chairman. Wm. ltenworthy Browne, Esq. Henry J. Hodgson, Esq Samuel King-Church, Esq. John Moms, Esq. John Elliotson. M.D., Cantab., John Symes, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq SECRETARY TO THE BoARD. Alexander Richardson, Esq. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. Augustus Blonde], Esq. AUDITORS. ProfOsser Wheatstone, F.R.S., and Professor J. Radford Yoe- g MEDICAL REFEREE GENERAL. Elliotson, M.D., Cantab., F.R.S., 37, Conduit-street. ACTUARY. W. B. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F.R.A.S., FAS., &c. ASSISTANT ACTUARY. Barker Woolhouse, Esq. RANKERS. Messrs. Glyn, Mills, and Co.. 67, Lombard-street. SOLICITORS. WESER. Gregory, Gregory, Skirrow, and Roweliffe, Bedford-row The next Quinquennial Division of Proflte will be declared i IWay, 1860. Examples of Bonus up to May, 1855 : Polley Bonus in Permanent al en age; Sum addition Banns in Reduction of out ini Assured. to Sum Cash. A nnua l P re - Assured. mium. £ s. d. X s. d. X s. d. 1838. 55 3,000 %67 7 7 42s 1 4 he 3 8 Its4l 48 4,000 749 4 0 325 16 0 3 2 0 4 1 1845' 59 2,000 232 18 0 156 15 0 16 6 0 1848 60 2,000 154 2 8 103 16 5 10 15 2 - 1851 55 2,800 120 17 0 72 14 6 67 7 The following are aueomrst the advantages offered by the Inter national Life Assurance Society : The Society was established in 1838. Two-thirds of the profits are divided amongst the assured every Alm years. Its subscribed capital is five hundred thousand pounds. Its investments, at the date of the last annuli report, amounted one hundred and seventy-one thousard pounds. Its annual income is ninety thousand pounds. The number of policies now in force exceed six thousand. About one thousand new policies are added every year. Since its commencement the society has paid in claims upwards of three hundred and twenty thousand pounds. For prospectuses and every othee: Information, apply to the Chair man, 142, Strand. EDMOND S. STILES, Chairman. 142, Strand, London, W.C. ON PHYSICAL DISQUAIIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND P.IPEDIMUS TO MARRIAGE. New and improved Editio'.l, enlarged to 196 pages, Illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured - o:n:lravings on Steel, just published, price, free by post, is., THE SIT ) INT FRIEND : A Mf.clical Work on the. phyticel exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the effects of solitary Wu, once, infection, and the injurious cones tlocoo'.4 fivers the use of Mercury ; with observations on the oblige of ?marriage, and directions for obviating certain disqualifica 'AßM tr R. and L. PIsRRY and CO., Surgeons. Consultations as ol•stn11((tet page 197). Sold by J. Allen, in, Warwick-lane, Pa ter inosttiNrow; Sanger, 160, Oxford-street; and Gordon, 146, Leaden bi.llll/4street, T4ndon. The CORDIAL BALM of STRLICTIM is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purelybalnamlc; power In reinvigorating the frame in all cases of nervous and trlssn9 lebility, obstinate sleets, impotency, barrenness, and debi ttlias alisint from venereal excesses, has been demonstrated by t•!; WRCarylrtg success in thousands of cases. Price I is. per bottle, quantities in one for 33s . which saves 11s. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphi litic remedy, for purifying the system, and is recommended for any of ,he varied forms of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the skin, blotches on the head and face, enlargements of the throat innsils, and uvula ; threatened destruction of the nose, palate, &c. its action is purely detersive, and its beneficial influence on the system is undeniable. Price lie, and 335. per bottle. also a saving 0; 11e. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS constitute an effec tual remedy in either sex for all cases of gonorrhoea, gicet, stricture, nud diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 43. 6d , and I Is. her ry a S. l tl by Daniel Church, 78, Gracechurch-street, City; Bartlett Hooper, 4 3, King William-street (four doors from London Bridge) ; ei. F. Watts, 17:Strand ; or. Sutton and Co., 10. Bow-chnrchyard ; ‘47. Edn Ilat arils, 47 . Paul's-churchyard ; J. Sa n ger, 150. Oxford st ec3t i.tay and Dietrichsen, 63, Oxford-street ; Butler and ',larding, 4, ChPßPilde ; Prmit and Itamant, 229, Strand ; and ail 1112dielne vendors threnetieut the United K I cgdom. TUE RECligr INFlltatirit s ( --- ;: — .-----irotTril AND MATURITY ' Just published, prim is., post tree. tn, „,, S Env Al el° e p d o, ic fo a r l l3 T s r t e a a m t p i s se , ELF-PRESERVATION ._ --A •on the Functions and Disorders of t he a Generative System. and resulting and on the cure of Nervollq and PhY , s t ieal l from vicious habits acquired during the er to Manhood, wan practical observations on the P aesag from youth fine in its social, moral, and physical relations. trocsige°27 of Mar- remarks on the wonders of the Microscope in rerealinaghettl•Thld'iddeen4 mysteries "of Life within Life "and its advantages in urinary examination, the cause and effect of every variety ect • I V of t hese complaints, with numerous engravings and casoi• BY SAMUEL L N'VERT, 3LD., 37, BEDFORD SQUAttE, LONDON, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospikal Medical Satiety, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, &e. 'the essential object or this treatise is to point out the fearful con *eimences resulting from certain habits, irregularities, and excesses, which have produced snore misery in Youth, degradation in Man hood, and premsturz decay at all stages of life, than, perhaps, aoy other class of disease known to modern pathologists. its perusal !s particularly recommended to persons entertaining secret doubts of their physical condition. and who are conscious of having hazarded the health. happiness, and privileges to which every human being is en' flied. it fe absolutely necessary that all men should know that there are p incfples of persenal management which cannot be violated with int t incurring F:rie wins penalties, and when wisdom and regret gue• c •ed the heyday of inconsiderate self-indulge:ice, how those penalties may be mitigated, how the sting of their bitterness may be'removed, a id how the evil and its consequtnces may he :.voided, and, above all, that there is scarcely any degree of physical infirmity or functional derangement to which the timely aid of science cannot apply a cure. Publish , d by J. Allen, 20 Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row, and may be had of Mann, 39,Cornhill; Horne, 19, Leicester-square (4:Non. 146, Le,adenhalbstreet or from the Author, who may be consulted daily, from 11 till 2, and from 6 tlllB, at his residence, 37 Bedford-square, London. The work may be had in India, of 'Mr. Von Lilzky, Loll Bazaar; Caletitte—Xe.srs. C. and J. Hormusjea, A pollo-street ; Bombay Circulator Office ; Mad ras—M ntussilit e Office; A era Dedswortt ; el ornbo, Ceylon; ands( all Booksellers throng bout the Colunlet. FEIST'S RACING RECORD for 1858. Part V., price 3d., will be published on the Ist of July. The Record, containing a complete calendar of Sport in England, Ireland, and Scotland in 1857, and Nominations for 1858, may be had *rice two shillings. W. Wright, Fulwood's Rents, licnom. SPERMATORRIICEA RATIONALLY CONSIDERED, Just published, price 25., by post, free, 2s. 2d. N SPERM ATORREICEA, and the PROFESSIONAL FALLACIES and POPULAR DELUSIONS which prevail In relation to its :NATURE CONSEQUENCES, and TREATMENT. By F. B. COURTENAY, MEMBER OF TIM ROY 1L COLLEGE OF SURGEONS. " We never commence the perusal of works on this malady with out preparing ourselves to meet most appalling descriptions of human sulfa rings. It was, therefore, a most agreeable surprise to us to find this error (as It appears to us) carefully avoided in this work, and the subj.ct treated in a common sense, and truly practical manner. . . No medical man should undertake the treatment of Spermatorrheca without first consulting this work."—Medical Circular, Jan. 13, 1858. London : 11. Ballliere, 219, Regent-street. I N 0 MORE PILLS, nor any other MEDI CINE for Indigestion (dyspepsia). hivdtual Constipation, Flatulency, Acidity, Palpitation of the Heart, Torpidity of the Liver, Bilious Headaches, Nervousness, Biliousness, General De bility, Diarrhoea, Cough, Asthma, Consumption, Despondency, Spleen, &c. Send 2 penny stamps, and you will receive post free ; 64 pages, the p(oplc's edition of "PERFECT HEALTH RESTORED." Without Pills, purgatives, or medicines of any kind, and without expens by a simsle, pleasant, and infallible means which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies; adapted to the general reader. Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professor of Che mistry, Dr. Andr;.,v Ure, Dr. Shorland, Dr. Harvey, Dr. Campbell, Dr. liattiker, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Ingrain, and: many thotranu other respectable persons, whwe health has been restored by it after all other means of cure had failed. London : Barry do Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, and through all Booksellers to Town and Country. RICK CLOTHS, with Poles,, Hies, and Linea. compete, both Yew and Second-hand. IIr.VSAMIN EDGINGTON has prepared for the ensuing season an extensive Stock of Rick Cloths, Marquees, arid Tents. A great variety of Tents erected on the premises. Netting aLd Bunting ;or the protec. tion of Fruit Trees and Tender Plants, Address BENJAMIN EDGINGroic, 2, Duke-street, Southwark, S.E.; West-end Establishment, 32, Charing-cross. N.B.—An Illustrated Catalogue sent free by post. SOUTH LANCASHME.—BOLD ESTATES.—Magnificent Freehold and Manorial Domain, comprising 5 795 acres of higtly valuable and constantly improving Land, with Noble Mauston, extensive Parks and Woodlands. Three Manors, valuable Collieries, Inns, Mills, Nursery Grounds, Stone Qua-ries, !• rick and Tile Wo ks, Potter's Clay, and rill Beds or Seams of Coal, Cannel, and other Ilinerals, extending under nearly 6,509 acres. —Rental upwards of 12,0001. per annwa. MESSRS. CLOWES and FLOWERDEW have received instructions from Henry Hoghton. Esq., to sell by public auction at the Mart, London, on Thursday, Jaly 29, 1858. at 12 fur 1 o'clock, in One Lot, at t ,e upset or minimum price of 332,003/ The extensive and highly valuable FREEHOLD and MANORIAL ESTATES of BOLD, within 4 miles of Warrington, 12 of Liverpool, and 18 of Mar, chester. extending, almost in a ring fence, over nearly the entire to wmhip of Bold, and into those of Burtonwo,d and • ut ton, where some detached portions become closely intermixed with the extensive suburbs of the important and thriving Town of St. Helen's. The Mansion is a noble and substantial structure, arranged with every regard to comfort and convenience, seated upon a gentle elevation in the extensive Park, commanding, fine views of the adjacent country, and immediately surrounded by its numerous well-arranged Farms, on which a very heavy outlay has recently been incurred in the perfection of a thorough system of sub-soil drainage, and the erection of many new and substantial farm build ings upon the most complete scale of modern improvement, which, with Collieries, Mills, Inns, Nursery grounds, small holdings, and the estimated rental of the mansion and premises in hand, are now real ising £12,227 11s. 7d. per annum. A small section only of the ex tensive Coal Mines is at present in lease, at a minimum annual rent of £6OO, which will shortly become greatly increased, and every facility and inducement exist for the further develuprnent of the vast Mineral Wealth comprised within the limits of this Noble Property. The Fstates are intersectel by the London and North-Western and St. Helen's Railways, upon which they possess no kes than Six Rail way Stations, and command frontages of many miles in extent, as well as upon the great highways traversing the property, and present advantages for building and other purpos:s rarely to be met with. The above estees being wholly unincumbered, one-half the pur chase-money may remain on mortgage of the property. Particulars (2s.'Gd. each) may be had of Messrs. Rowson and Cross. solicitors, Preseot ; Mr. A. Bannerman, Agent's Office, Bold, and Chole• ; Messrs. Boone, booksellers, 29, New Bond-street, and at the Mart, Loialon ; or will be po'ted on application to Messrs. Clowes end Flowerdew, Land Agents, Norwich. SOUTH LANCASEIME.-BOLD ESTATES. By desire of the Proprietor, It is hereby intimated that the undersigned are the only authorised Agents tor their disposal ItowsoN and CHosS, Solicitors, Prescot. A vsx .NDEII BANNERMAN, A gent's Oftlee. Bold —and Chorley. CLOWER and FLOWERDEW t Land Agents, Norwich. Bold—Agent's Office, June Ist, 1853. NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE. Indigestioh (Dyspepsia), Constipation, Flatulency, Phlegm, Ner vousness, Biliousness, Liver Complaints, Hysteria, Neuralgia, Sleeplessness, Acidity, Palpitation, Heartbatn, Eruptions. Im parities, Irritablity, Lon Spirits, Diarrbosa, Hemorrhoi ds, Headache. Debility, Despondency, Cramps, Spasms, Nausea, and Sickness (during pregnancy or at sea), •Sinking Fits, Cough, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption, also Children's Complaints effectually removed b II BARRY'S delicious Health-Restoring lIEVALENTA AI:ARICA FOOD, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies in illness, and is, moreover, the best food for infants and invalids generally, as it Is the only food which never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a Food liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restore., the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of ;real- tude from invalids :—Cure N 0.71, of dyspepsia, from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Decies. " I have derived considerable benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to authorise the publication of these lines. Stuart de Decles."—Cure No. 49,832. "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food. Maria Jolly, Northam Ling. near Digs, Norlolk."—Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of N sting Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herta, a cure of extreme ner vaasness, indigestion, getherinaa, low spirits, and nervous fancies.— Cnce No. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool: a core of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irrita bility. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of constipation, dyspep tea. Lemons irritability. Cure No. 34,210. Dr. Sheriand, of dropsy and .ebility. Cure No. 36,212. Captain Allan, of epileptic fits. Cure No. 42,116 Maior Edte, of enlargement of the liver and total prostration of strength. Cure No. 36,418. Rev. Dr. Minster of cramps, spasms, and daily vomilings,Cure. No. 26,418. Dr. Harvey, of diarrhoia'and debility. Cure No. 39,628. Dr. Wurtzer, of con sumption. Cure No. 32,880. William linnt,Esq., barrister, of para lysis. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, wood merchant, Frimley, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness. Cure No. 58,816. Mrs. Holze, aged 107 years, of dyspepsia (indigestion) debility, irtitability, and nervousness, which had tormented her for seventy years. Cure No. 4 ,814. Mr. Samuel Laxton, Leicester, of two years' diarrheas:. Cure So. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of Castleatuart, of many years' nervous irritability, bile, and indi gestion. Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of con sumption, alter her medical advisers had abandoned all hopes of "sovery. Cure No, 180. "Twenty-five years' nervouseess, con aneatlon, indigestion. and debility, from which I have suffered great misery, and arbich no medicine could remove or relieve, have been e ; ec ` n allY cured by Da Barry's Food in a very short time. W. B. Beeves,. 18 1, Fleet-street, L on d on. " N o. 4 , 208 . "Eight years ' dys perms, neree,,, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for Mitch my ser vant had consulted the advice tof many, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's health restoring Food. I shall be happy V 0 artiwer an Yinentries. Rev. John W. Flavell, [wellington Rec ••‘ oTO. 3 2.835. Three years' excessive net voinmess, with pains Norfolk. reek and l e ft arm , an d genera l d e bi l i ty, w hi ch ren dered my life very miserable, has been r a di ca lly r emove d by D u tf iin my ilaFood. Alex. Stuart, Archdeacon of • Ross, ki " Thirteen years' cough, indigestion, Srgefl rcen.. health Cure restoring No. and general debility have been removed by Du Barry's excellent against the f ear f ul dangers of spu r ious imita Revalenta Arabica Food. James Po r t er , Athol-street, Perth." Important Caution tions:— rinc- P s ag t Alfred IWfredo°dHooper granted an int Neville, for tio T n h o e n V t ic he e-Ch iot a h nce m i a lo rc r h S , l B 7 l 4. lii a ai g u ain imitating "Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food." Suitably packed tor all CLlrstes, and with full instructions. In canisters, lib 2s 9d : 21h 44 6d ; 51b lis 121 b 228. Super refined quality, Ilb 6s ; 21b 113 ; tib 223 ; 1011) 333. The 10Ib and 121 b canisters are krwarded cartage free, on receipt of Post-office order. Barry Du Barry and Co.. 77, Regent-street, London; Fortnum. Masen. and Co.. purveyors to her Maiesty, 182, .Ricca dilly; James Wells, 4a, Sloane street; also at 60, Gracechurch street ; 330,430, and 4%), Strand; 4, Cheapslde ; 49, and 60 5 Bishops gateattreet ; 63, 150 4 and 198 QafOrd-street, FABER THESE AND nAca. Ireston-super-Mare and Bridgewater, 20s and 13s ; T , unton and Tiverton Road, 22s and the; Exeter, 22s 6d and 16s; , - , tareross, Dawlish, and Tel 25s and 17s : Newton, Torquay. and Totncss, 27s and Its ; Barnstaple and Bideford, 30s and 20o; Kings bridge Road and Plymouth, 30s and 21s. Children under twelve years of age, half-price. Tickets not trans ferable, and only available by the Excursion Train. WEYMOUTH and CHANNEL ISLANDS NTEAM-PICKET COMPANY (Limited). _ _ EXCURiION TO ALDERNEY and CHERBOURG. —One of the fast Paddle-wheel s earners belonging to this Company, Cygnus or Aquila, will make another Excursio.. to Alderney and Cherbourg. en SATURDAY, 3d July, 1858, leaving Weymouth Harbour at 7 a.m., and retarn on Monday, July sth, at 6 a.m., and Alderney at 8 a.m. * 4 5 Parties availing themselves of this exeur.don will not re „uire Pa •s;iert The Great Weste:n Railway Company will convey passengers holding steam-boat tickets to Weymouth on Friday, July 2d, and lmek off Monday or Tuesday, July sth or 6th, at a single fare, from their principal sta'ions. FARES. Ist class Weymouth to Cherbourg and back 20s. Alderney „ 19s. Alderney to Cherbourg „ •• .. is. 23 class I4s. 13s. ss. The great national works at Cherbourg, now near completion, are attracting the attention of Europe, and are ell worthy Inspection. JOSE PII MAUN Dt RS, Secretary and Manager. NOTICE OF DIVIDEND. BANK OF DEPOSIT, No. 3, Pail-Mall East, London, S.W. The Warrants for the Half-yearly interest on Deposit Accounts, to the 30th in•tant, will be ready for delivery on and after the 10th proximo, and payable daily between the hours of 10 and 4. Present rate of interest, 5 per Cent. per Annum. 22d June, 1858. PY.TE.It MORRISON; Managing Direc'or. Prospectuses and Forms sent free on application. FOR THE SEA SIDE. ANGOL k SUITS, £2 15s. Excellence with Economy. GEORGE HOBSON, 57, Lombard-street. • ESTABLISHED 1796. F. HANCOCK, of Bruton-street and New NJ() Bond-street, Jeweller and Silversmith to the Principal Sovereigns and Courts of Europe, bogs leave to remove an erroneon , impression which exists amongst some of his customers, that he has retired, or is about to retire, from business. This impression (which is entirely unfounded) has probably arisen in c•nsequence of the re tirement and selling off ..f a Jeweller of the same name, also of New Bond-street, but with whom C. F. Hancock is not, st_nd never has been, in any way connected, either in business or by relationship. ESSRS. NICOLL'S „:( ESTABLISHMENTS : No. 114, REGENT-STREET, is their Depot for Paletots, Uni forms, Gea lemen's Evening and Morning Dress. No. 116, for the manufacture of the Guinea Trousers. No. 118, for the half-Guinea Waistcoats. No. 129, for Waterpi oofed Guinea Capes and Servants' Liveries. No. 142 Is their new Establishment for Lad es' Riding Habits and Mantles. No. 144 contains their other new Department for Clothing young gentlemen with the taste, excellence, and economy whereby Messrs. NI COI.L have secured wide spread confidence. The Wholesale Warerooms are at the rear of the Regent-street premises, viz., 29, 30, 31, and 41, W R WICK-STREET. The City Depot is at 21 and 22, Cornhill. The addresses of the various Agents are duly advertised in the journals of the United Kingaom and the Colonies. APPETITE AND DIGESTION IMPROVED. I EA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE LA SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, And all Roast Meat Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Curries, and Salad, and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily useof this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safe guard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrin/4 19, Fenchurch-street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester; also by Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs.Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and mer chants, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To guard against imitatioxs, see that the names of "LEA nd PERItINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. MAIIRIAGE EXTRAORDINARY, —Henry Ricketts and Katherine Stout were Married at Wimborne Minhter on Sunday. Their united ages amounted to 30, being re spectively 14 and 16 years. The bridegroom is fulfilling the situation of errand-boy to a grocer in the town at 59. a week.---Wiltshire Mirror. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —TIIOIILEY'S FOOD POE CATTLE.— It is only a short time since this singularly efficacious article of animal died, first made its appearance ; and already its celebrity is woad-wide. It has been a sub ject of wonder, and bas puzzled many a brain to explain how this has been brought about. Yet when we are acquainted with a few facts concerning the food, our wonder will cease. A few days ghee, a gentleman, wrote, stating that he bad a horse which was a" perfect bag of bones." He tried all kinds of things to get the animal into condition, but in vain. He then bought some of Thorley's food ; and he says the effect was won derful. The horse rapidly grew fat, and in the course of a few weeks, bad gained no less than 12 stones. Again we find at the late agricultural shows at Birmingham, Cardiff, ev., the animals which carried off the highest przls, bad been partly fed with Thorley's food for cattle. Such facts speak for themselves, and we are forced to the conclusion, that its celebrity arises solely from it 4 onwn intrinsic merits, and the great demand for it can proceed nlone from the good opinion and testimony of those who have tried it. All parties interested in horsed and cattle will do well to apply to 77, Newgate street, London, for a pamphlet which is sent post-free. [ADVERTISEMENT.]--Until the introduction, by Mr. Du Barry, of the Revalenta Arabica Food, both as a regimen for invalids and infants, and a remedy for all disorders connected with the stomach, nerves, kidneys, liver, and intestines gene rally, it might have been asserted, with truth, that the treat ment of patients, io some of the most obstinate, haras- I sing, and painful complaints to which the human frame is liable, was one desperate g me of hap-hazard—different practitioners pl tying off different systems, involving indescii bable suffering and expense, and ending in failure. All this is now happily changed. Without laying out money in doc tors' bills, without enduring the horrors of " doctors' stuff," but simply by the adoption of a pleasant and palatable resto rative Food, disease is binished, and health and activity take its place. It is ou no mere theory that these things are asserted. When Fifty Thousand persons are referred to, each of worn has separately described the wondrous healing effect of the preparation in an infinite variety of maladies, the theory resolves itself into ascertained' and demonstrated fact —a fact neither to be hashed up, ry r explained away on any other ground than that of the unparalleled efficacy of the Re valenta Arabica Food in extirpating alusost every description of morbid action or condition from the system. The plblic are naturally "slow" in awakening to an appreciation of a new and better state of things ; and much excuse there is for this slowness, so often has expectation been baulked by the preten sions of contending theorists. Here, however, we have before us proof of the most positive and complete kind which can be conceived by human reason. and coming from such a mult . pl ici ty of sources as show the testimonials received to be each the genuine outpouring of joyful gratitude. An advertisement, which :Appears in our paper of t..i-day, contains a short résumé of a few of the letters of thanks, which constitute altogether such a body of undeniable evidence as was never brought together upon any subject whatever, and form a noble nati mat monument in illustration of the maxim —" Honour to him to Whom honour is due," Supported by testimonials from the following celebrated Pro tossers of Chemistry: Dr. A. Ure; Dr. Shorland; Dr. Harvey; Dr. Campbell ; Dr. Gattiker ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingram ; Lord Stuart de Decies; the Docrager Countess of Castlestuart, Major Gsn. Thomas King, and many other respectable per sons, whose health has been restored by it, after all other means of cure had failed. Suitalely packed with full instruc tions, In canisters, 11b. 2s, 9d.; Th. 4s. fid.; 51b. lls. ; 121 b. 225. The 121 b canisters are sent carilago free on re• ceipt of Post-office order. Barry Da Barry, and Co., 77 Regent-street, London. Important Caution against the fear. sal dangers of spurious imitations.---The Vice-Chancellor Sir iVilliam Page Wood granted an Injunction on the I Oth March, 1854, against Alfred Hooper Nevill for imitating c' Du Barry's Revalenta Arabice Feed." THE STATE OF THE RIVER THAMES. The Select Committee appoint:ll by the House of COMMOIA to inquire into the present state of the river Thames, with a view of devhing some re medy for the existing state of things, reassembled yesterday at 12 o'clock. Mr. Kendall in the hair. Ile other members of the commit' ee present wore —the Hon. Percy Jocelyn Mr. Alderman Cub:tt, Sir John Yarde Bullr, Sir John Shelley, Mr. 'Fite, Mr. Roupell, Sir B. Hall, Lord P.,liners'on, Lard John Manners, &c. _ _ Mr. Goldsworthy Gurney was called and exa mined by the Chairman—lie said, I wish bAore giving my evidence ' to express a hope that the public press will deal fairly, and give the evidence in favour of my plan as well as that given agaiLstit. After some discussion the committee said, they could not prevent the public ition of the evilence, and passed a resolution regretting that some parts of the evidence which were in favour of Mr. Gut ney's plan on a former occasion had not been given as well as that of Mr. Walker against it. Mr. Garney was then further - examinel—He ad verted to the.lodging of th , e sewage in b, attices near the share, and said, that when the committee went down the river the other day in a:steamboat, nearly opposite Rotherhi he church, in the centre of the river the water was tested, and it was found to he altogether free from smsll, while on the sides of the river the water was not much better deep that In an ordinary cesspool. He had tiken water from the London D icks, and that taken at 15 feet from the surface was found to be pet fectly clear. The smell principally arose from the water at the sides of the river. The sewage from the sower emptying itself into the river near Himgerford-market was (mite clear, occasioned, lie believed, by deep pits in it, in which the sewage was precipitated. He was not aware whether th,re had been any diver,ion of the sewage f our that sewer. A slope of the tanks of 1 in 16 would generally keep them clear, but 1 in 12 would be much better. (The witness then gave some further evidence, which was entirely of a technical and scientific character.): Mr. G. Bidder, the celebrated engineer, was then called and examined by the °heir:nate He said—l :nu a civil engineer, and have been so for many ye me I have read ir. G. Gurney's report, but it is a considerable time ago, and I do not ex actly understand upen what part of it I am called upou to give an opinion. The Ceairman —Well, first of all, part of Mr. Gurney's plan is this :—He intends to form two channels 30 yards wide and three yards deep, with an average distance of 50 yards from the wharf walls with a slope of 1 in 12, by which means he consi ders that the mud which is now cast upon the banks of the river will be removed, and so got rid of the nuisance. Do you think, if he succeeds in dredging channels of 3) yards wide and 9 feet in depth, which are supposed to receive a scouring p twer, that these channels will keep themselves clear with out any material expenses in dredging.? Mr. Bidder—l cannot tell whether the expenses would be material or not, but they will require dredging, as the bed of the river is composed of gravel, and that is move'l by the current of the river. When the old Loudon-bridge was removed, a great change took place, for bath B'ackfriars and Westminster briiges were .affected by it, and r, - c: ntly Vauxhall-bridge piershad to be encased with stonework. I cannot speak to the necessity of deepening the present channel of the river, but it is impossible that these small channels can be kept clear without artificial assistance. If they can be kept clear without. having recourse to dredging I should say that it would be almost miraculous. Clay will resist any amount of scour, but gravel will not. The formation of these two channels would be very inconvenient as regards the navigation of the river, and especially at low water if steamers came across the edges of these channels. If they were formed they might stand. I think the ques tion as to whether these slopes would retain th e mud at the inclination proposed must greatly depend on the locality, as the mud remains on a slope at Black wall with an inclination of 1 in 5. Taking the upper part of the Thames generally, I do not think that a slope of 1 in 12 will prevent the deposit of mud. If all the outlets of the sewers were taken down to low water mark it would be beneficial to a certain extent, and the noxious gases would be ar rested, but no other advantage would arise from it. I agree with Mr. Bazdget.e—indoed I have no doubt , fit—that the sewage lodging on the mud banks is the cause of great evil. Mr. Hawksley has assisted me in examining the river for the Metro politan Board of Works ; we are still pursuing our inquiries, and I hope in a few days to be able to give you all the information you require upon this subject. Mr. Roupell—You say that the gravel in the river is liberated by the current or stream of the river ; is not the motion a slow motion, and, if it is so, would not the gravel be carried down the river ? Mr. Bidder—Yes ; but below London-bridge I find mud on the banks and gravel in the middle of the river. But, as regards the slow motion of the gravel, you may have a notion. that it. is slow ; but I do not think, if it moves 100 yards in a day, that can be called a slow motion. If there are to be angles from the shore of 1 in 12, I do not believe that they will be free from mud. I cannot say, as a general principle, that, a slope of 1 in 12 will be sufficient to prevent mud depositing on them. If the sewers of the metropolis were to he carried to low water mark in the river, the probability of the sew age being carried to the sea would be the same as it is at present. It would be the same in that respect, but it would prevent the accumulation of mud on the backs. Mr. Tite—Supposing all the sewers to to tr3ppe 1, the sewage to be turned out of the sewers at low water mark, the noxious gases to be drawa out of the sewers and burnt in furnaces with high chim neys, and that there should be an angle on the shore with a slop' throughout of lin 12, with channels on each side of the river to facilitate the drainage to the tea, do you think that this plan would be a so lution of the drainage question? Give us your opi nion upon the whole scheme, as a remedy for the present evils ? Mr. Bidder—That would open the whole ques tion as to whether these two little channels will cure the impurity of the Thames. That is a ques tion I would rather go into at another time. Mr. Tie3—l want your opinion Low. Do you think the whole scheme a feasible ono ? Mr. Bidder—l, do not think it is a feasible plan the scheme. By Mr. Alderman Cubitt—lt would of course be an advan'age to keep the banks of the river clean. There is a great difference between the slopes on the banks of the Seine and the Thames, as one is a tidal river and the other is not. I have no doubt that thee channels would fill up. By Sir B. Hall—Looking at the map on the wall, it iud.cates that the current of the river towards the Penitentiary is to the north, it then sets to the south towards Lamb tla Palace, and then it is di verted to the north approaching Watello.)-bridge ; but we are told that, if this deep channel is for mcd, instead of the na , ural current it will be diverted to the south side at Wattrloo-bridge, do you agree with that prop sit:on ? Mr. Bidder—Certainly not. Sir B. Hall—Will not the result be this,—the fresh water that comes down will strike the south side of the river below Lambeth Palace, will then be turned in a northerly direction near Waterloo bridge, and there fill up the channel rather than deenen it ? Mr. Bidder—l have no doubt of it. To suppose that these two little channels will alter the course of the river is quite out of the qut si ion. Ido not think it would be desirable to prosecute this scheme as to them, channels, and, in point of fact, if they were made it would be so much money thrown away. By the Hon. J. Percy—l have no scheme of my own, nor have I given an opinion upon any other scheme. If these channels were mad-, and were silted the expense of dredging them would depend en tirely upon the time they t ruk to fill up. If they required dredging once a mouth of course the ex witild be very gr at, but I will undertake to say they will fill up. Ido not b3lieve a general slope of I in 12 will answer, arid I have _alluded to Blackwall, where the mud accumulates on a slope of lin 6. lem not aware that ureat damage has been done to harbours and other places by embank ment of rivers. By Lord Palmerston—Gravel has alconstant ten dency tl trawl toward: the centre of the river. So loon- asthere is an impelling farce it continues equal, and if it meets with noobitrucliQn, gravel continues its onward course ; but that depends upon the size of the gravel. Lord Palmerston—Suppose the bed of the river to b , l petfectly uniform and smooth over all its area, ihu force equal, then the action of the cur rent would have no effect ? _ _ _ Mr. Bidder—None at all. The removal of Lon- I den-bridge had led to the deepening of the channel above bridge? If these channels were made ;hey would fill up, and could not be maintained. They i would silt up more or less. I will give you an in stance of that. I lately made holes in some grounds of Mine alrough which a stream runs, for the pur pose of bolding fish, and they have all filled up with gravel. To make a running channel uniform in all its parts that man must be more than mcrtal. It might be in the constitutional tendency of na ture to make deep places, but that could nut be done by any other course. Ido not believe that if you cut off an elbow in a stream formed by na ture that )ou can do so without forming another. If all the seweis were to dis!charo their contents at low water mark it would prevent exhala, , ious and would be so far beneficial, but it would not re lieve the river. By Sir J. Shelley—As far as gettinn rid of the mud banks this scheme would be beneficial—there is no doubt of it. I do nut think that would cause any silting up of the channel as the sewage matter is so light. With regard to the edges of eiese channels at low water, it would have a bad effect upon the navigation. The stability of these channels would depend a great deal upon the ma terials put in. Bricks would not reaiain unless they were cemented together. Granite blocks would stand, but that would be a gr,:at additional expense. By Lord J. Manners—A. dredged channel will fill up. lam not aware of any part of the river which has been dredged having filled up. By the Chairman—lf a channel between the Houses of Parliament and Westminster-bridge has been dredged for seven years, and not filled up at the present time, lam not aware of it, nor do I believe it. By the Chaitman—l approve slopes if made of a sufficient incline, but I do not think that the mud could be washed off with an incline of I in 12. I also approve the plan of sending the contents of the sewers by means of closed channels into the river at low watermark, for the same telson as I approve of removing mud from the banks. The cutting of a channel on each side of the river has never been heard of before and will never be heard of again. Any rational man would carry a channel to the centre, and not on each side of the river. This plan, in some respects, seems to me to create an evil for the purpose of overcoming it. By Mr. Roupell—Some portions of Mr. Gurney's plan might to a certain extent be useful, but the work ought to be carried out in a more extensive manner. I have made no special examination of the river after reading Mr. Gurney's report. By Mr. Tite—The river is as irregular longitu dinally as it is crosswise. If it were stiggeAteethat these channels should be formed, that the mouths of the sewers at low watermark should be trapped, and that the gases should be burnt by connecting the sewers with a furnace, I should certainly not feel disposed to recommend the adoption of such a course as a temporary expedient. If au intercept ing sewer were formed, except the removal of the mud banks, these works would be of no use what ever. By Mr. Alderman Cubitt—The deepening of the channel would not necessarily affect the safety of the bridges. Mr. Jas. Lewes, examined by th 3 Chairman—l have given great attention to the sewerage ques tion. Some portions of Mr. Gurney's pl4n h are c nuder my notice. I read the report sometime ago. My opinion is that the depcit,4 on the mud banks of the Thames is the cause of the nuisance I agree with Mr. Gurney that, whatever distance you carry the sewage down the river, it will come back again. I agree with Mr. Gurney, too, that a great deal of the present nuisance ati=es from the mud banks of the Thames. If Mr. Gurney's plan would get rid of the mud banks and a great deal of the sewage which is floating about the river it would be a great impr6vernent ; but I cannot say that this process would do that. Mr. Gurney's Man would prevent the deposit of mud on the banks, and would Prey( nt the exhalation of gases as far as low water mark ; hut, as he sends all the f e w ago into the Thames, I do not th'nk it will meet all the difficulty. As long as we have a alms of Ifloating sewage in the Thames, Mr. Gurney's plan will not remove it. In warm weather there is a great escape of the noxious gases. The Chairman—lf the sewage were dischlrged at Barking-creek do you think it would return to London ? Mr. Lawes—l think it would. prrit of it would return. The Chairman—Would it return in such a form as to be injuriow to the inhabitants of London ? Mr. Lawes—l think it would. If sewage deodo risatiou works were to be estibiished at Birki6g creek, I do not think the value of the manure would be found. By Sir B. Hall—l am not able to say from actual experiments what part of the sewage will return to the metropolis. I have made no experiments of that kird. Sir B. Hall—Can you give any idea of the effezt of the lime which is now thrown on the mud banks ? Mr. Lawes—lt will arrest the nuisance to a certain extent, but I think it will have a preju dicial effect on the navigation of thy, river, as for every ton of lime thrown in you gtt four tons of deposit, and if you throw in one hundred tone a-week that may prove a very serious matter. All the sedimentary matter goes down to the bottom by the action of the lime, and if the practice of throwing lime into the river went on long enough the navigation would he choked up Sir B. Ball—Suppose a large quantity of lime to be thrown into a sewer where the cutrent was slow, what would be the result ? Mr. Lawes—lt would choke up the sewer. Thcro was . llo doubt that the lime would cause a large amount of deposit. By Lord Pilmerston—Supposing all the sets age of the metropolis to be discharged into the stream of the river, and retained i here for some little time, before it was carried down.tbe river, and there was, a certain amount of temperature, it would hrnit noxious and disagreeable gases? Mr. Lawes—The river would be dangerous when the temperature was from 68 deg. to 70 deg. The temperatureof the atmosphere would then hi about 120 deg. There would always be a great that of noxious exhalation during summer. To secure London from the inconvenience to which it is now subject, and to remove the sewage to the lower part of the river, and to prevent it coining back within the limits of the metropolis, they must de stroy that part of the sewage which is held in sus pension, as the matters held in suspension are the most dangerous. By Sir J. Shelley.—l think the smell from the Thames would be removed if they threw in lime enough ; but that would be at an enormous ex pense to the ratepayers. Ido not think that the spending of 1,5001. in lime would have the effect of raising its price in the marke. The present nui canes may probably last as long as the warm wea ther lasts. At half-past 4 o'clock the committee adjourned. A considerable THE THAMES SEWAGE. (Front the Tinos.) The sewage question reminds one of the won detful stozehouse at Weedon Barracka, where an infinite quantity of Loots and other stores are poured in at one end and disappear at the other, nobody knows how, without any reckoning. Com mittee after Committee, Commission after Com mission, has sat on the question, collecting facts enough to build on them a hundred different systems of drainage. But nobody appears to know anything of them. The facts are buried, forgo ten, obsolete, rotten before they are ripe. So, when we ask for something to be done, the cry is for another Commission, or Committee upstairs. As, in com pliance with Mr. Disraeli's request, Orders are now to have precedence of Motions every day of the week, and the Thames nusance itself has evidently become a reason for nothing else being done ex cept what cannot be helped, it is time to ask, " How about the Thames itself?" If we have a world of business besides, that might perhaps ex cuse our doing nothing with the river, for there are circumstances under which life itself becomes a secondary consideration. But there is nothing else. The India Bill is nothing, for Parliament has agreed to take the third India Bill, shorn of all peculiarities, and reduced to a neutral colour. As for measures in general, Government inherits none, and has made none of its own. It pleads its position, the heat of the weather, and the pettilential stream that flows by its windows. So, what with provisional government, and what with the Thames, Lord Derby and his friends have an easy time of it. But, if the Thames is to be a reason for doing nothing else, it is all the stronger reason for our doing something with the nuisance itself. In fact, it rests with Government. They have the game in their hands. Parliament would give them any powers they might have the courage and honesty to ask for, if they really wished to be worth their salt. They have only to apply for a portion of those power s 'under which they are blow ing mountains to pieces, and casting them into the s ea, to make harbours of refuge, or making docks larger and larger at all the great arsenals, and Parliament will be too happy to give them twice as much authority and money as they ask for. So, it is as their responsibility that the work is post poned. They are now doing nothing but throwing a few boatloads of lime into the river, in the vain hope of sweetening the classic shores of Lambeth and Millbank, or pottering somewhere or other with the mouths of the sewer. All that will make mighty little difference this time next year. We want something that will go to the heart of the evil, and that without a day's longer delay than is absolutely necessary. That the prob'em is an easy one, or that it admits of mathematical certainty, is m ire than any man would venture to say ; but we have a very s rong opinion that the inherent difficulties of the ease are not so great as those which prejudice or jobbery would superadd to them. All mug re member the very great pains taken to make the Exhibition in Hyde Park an eternal affair, a thine of brick and mortar, an architectural triumph . . Walls 12 feet, domes of solid masonry, and founda tions down to the London clay, were some of the features of the project, and there was good reason to fear that a continuous stream of bricks as ould set in at every approach to the park for the next twelvemonth. In like manner our earlier railway stations comprehended vast palatial halls for nothing at all, and porticoes borrowed from the largest temples of antiquity. In the later ones the directors, "wiser grown," have been content to cover the largest possible areas with the es t t ligh possible wood or iron roofing. Twenty Yea" s ago We point this out as the right way of dealing with the sewage, specially so called. Of course, no piping, and no other plan for carrying off our sewage to the sea, will suffice for the suifitoe drainage, or the " storm water" of the me tropolis. It is rather hard upon any engi neer to expect him to convey fifty miles across country the occasional deluge that submerges a hundred square miles of hill and plain. But there ate two special nuisances that we think ought to be apecia2ly dealt with. The Gas Companies ought to be compelled to disposo of their " blue billy," as it is calle3, themselves, without adding it to the natural obligations of our overtasked river. No wonder that the Thames water is bad when hun dreds of tons of downright druggists' poison are thrown into it week by week, withou% a soul be say nay. We have a right to be protected from every thing el=e but simple sewage. Now, as things are in these days, this is an affair of machinery from first to last, and admits of the exactest calculation. We know to a gallon how much water is supplied to a house. We know the supply, which is n tver exceeded, though often not reached. With a cer tain allowance for additional rainwater at certain times, it will be ea.,y to provide sufficient sewers— as much iron as possible—for the water that passes through our houses. If ueceshary, and if the ordi nary supply of water is not enough to keep the pipes cleat, they can be occasionally flushed. But, anyhow, this particular part of the nuisaec , , be ginning, as it doe:, with an artificial and regulated supply of water, and being controlled by machinery throughout, appears to us specially susceptible of a similar treament in the river, and right down t.) the' sea, if necessary. It is, however, the chief merit of this proposal that it can be commenced at once, and we can feel our way to an indefinite ex tension of it afterwards. ' (Front the Daily News) England• is an ernieently practical nation, and somewhat selfish; our constitution is based upon • the principle that a man who is just outside the class whose wanks are supplied from day to day by the sweat of tbe.r brow has his feel ings and his wishes represented in one branch of our legislature, and we are yearly placing our mem bers more and more under the direct control and in fluence of their constituents. Members are being detached from party tactics and the personal in flue ce of leaders. The unity of thoueas t and ection, as represented by a majority in the House of COM mon-, is swayed by ire fixed princii Is of leader ship or expeeieucy. The Conservatives strain their conscience and belie their name by palish g Radical measure-, and the his rale vote with them. How ever we may blame minister s, we consider the re sult beneficial to progress , . It is one of those turn ing points in our history inaugurated by S r Robert secession, which brings into prominence the . dictum of "measures, and not then.'' That is constitutional policy working its end through a disunion of thought, a balance of con tradictions ; but after all, noble lords and honour able members, learned judges and right reverend divines are but me:r, who have five senses in com mon. The putreseetit state of the Thames has attacked their sense of smell ; doctors write to the papers that this is a prelude to cholera, fevers, dysentery, and what not, and a unanimous howl is raised against the Government for allowing stick a stench to go abroad, and a peremptory opinion is expressed that it must be put down at once. Hero is a grand opportuuity for Lord Derby to use his maeician's wand; a practical step is wanted ; and,,for once, all the discordant elements, fi - om the Crown to the metropolitan voter, are unanimous. If Lord Derby will only look the matter boldly in the face, and act upon his own conviction of what is right, the wand is in his hand, and he can use it. But we can give him one piece of advice :—Do not refer this question of the Thames and metropolitan drainage to any more committees or commissions. Every tittle of information that can possibly b e required is already available in a whole library of blue-books and reports, dating from 1640 to the present year. The facts upon w hich a remedy must be based are known, any further inquiry will only distort them to serve personal considerations and advance the nostrums of unpractical scientific men. Ties. state of the Thames is aggravated by two causes :—The sewage of London duly flowing ir.to it, and the accumulation of sewage in the form of black mud along its banks between Lambeth and London-bridge. The remedy is self-evident :—To carry the Lon don sewage so far clown the Thames that it shall not return into London proper with the flowing tide and to do away with the mud banks. First, we must deal with the sewage. The great fact which strikes one at first is the waste of valu able manure in allowing the sewage of nearly three millions of inhabitants to flow into the sea. That is no doubt a paradox which will be !solved 'some day. Our present aim, however, is to prevent three millions of people being poisoned, not that of utilis ing their farces. Granted that some system of deo dorisation is available, it is evident that the appli cation of it cannot be in the heart of London. If every house could deodorise its own sewage, the problem would be solved ; but the most ardent ad vocates of the system admit the necessity of cen tralisation in reservoir', and these reervoirs must be out of London. The drainage of London must, therefore, be car ried out of town by some other conduit than the river. The simplest and most efficient plan is that .of interception, i.c., to make on each side of the Thames, and parallel to it, large covered drains which shall intercept all the drainage and carry it below the metropolitan aiea. The point of out fall into the river must be low enough down to allow of the sewage being discharged into it only at the turn of high-tide on the ebb, so as to prevent it from being brought back above that point by the return tide, but still not into salt water, as fr.2sh water tends to deodolis.4 sewage, salt water ondir3 it nafire putres:ient, This limits the point of outiall to soave point between Sea Reach an d Wo,lwicli, and renders it ne cessar y to have reser voirss°i ng present works anyni here aftersewage large enough to keep back the sewage dining flood-tide. At the. be e es r t e a se n r i s v b o e i ra d d ;o d a ° s rs to etioap . ng into the river; but whether this can be done or not, the river will have been purified 31)3\1) Wodwicll. The tide flows five hours and ebbs seven, so that if the sewage is discharged only during ebb tide a very small proportion of it will come back to within four or five miles of the point of discharge, and then it n ill be so diluted that no ill effects will result ; in assuming, therefore, that the point of outfall for the intercepting _drains will be between