The Sun. — London, England, 1859-04-25 00:00:00

Although the note of preparation has been sounded ; although Austria has assumed an atti tude of hostility, the irrevocable blow has not yet been struck, and it is just possible that it may be averted by the earnest remonstrances of Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia. Nothing can, by any possibility, justify, or even extenuate, the recent Proceedings of Austria. She is the incendiary that halt applied the match which may produce a con flagration throughout Europe such as has not been witnessed for a series of years. Sardinia, too, is quite prepared for the strife. There is no craven yielding, no disposition to comply with the arrogant demands of her German rival. Although a heavy blow may be stru c k i n the first instance, be f ore French assistance can be obtained, she awaits it firmly and resolutely, and it is possible that the Austrian troops may not !lad themselves at Turin craite so speedily as they anticipate, or have the anxiously looked-for opportunities of plunder and rapine in the Piedmontese metropolis. The ultithaturn, too, was not presented until Saturday, se that there are two additional days during which the advocates of peace may strive to prevent the impending contest. French prepara tions may also be greatly advanced during the in terval. The Sardinian Chamber, on Saturday, by a majority of 110 votes against 24, invested the Go vernment fin. the time with all executive and legis lative power, and the decision was greeted with enthusiastic applause, both by the deputies and the public. Any retrograde movement, therefore, must be on the part of Austria. The question of peace or wit now rests in her hands, and she her- sif self will be the chief sufferer, should she persevere in the reckless and desperate course on which she has entered. Nothing better for Italy could occur than Aus tria's thus flinging aside the scabbard. So long as peace was maintained, or Austria merely acted on the defensive, treaty obligations should be maintained, and her hold on the Lombardo- Venetian kingdom would be continued, notwith standing the gross abuses and fearfulmisgovernment of which she has been guilty, and the hatred and disgust of the people. But war sets aside all such arrangements. The drawn sword cuts the seal from the bond, and the belligerents are free to annul or destroy all such as do not meet with their approval! Other nations may interfere, but it is scarcely probable that they would on behalf of the original offender; and, as we have already stated, if Austria perseveres she will have cause to deplore in sackcloth and ashes her insane and wicked folly. But still the step taken by FRANCIS JOSEPH is one that cannot easily be retraced. His authority is absolute, and he will not be willing to encounter the disgrace of eating his own words or retracting his haughty defiance. Better that some tens of thousands of Austrian and Sardinian soldiers should perish miserably on the field of battle than that he should be supposed capable of listening to more prudent counsels, or of withdrawing the truculent menaces uttered against one who had excited the Imperial wrath and indignation to no ordinary extent. We fear, therefore, that notwith standing the extended time conceded—notwith standing the earnest protests of the British Gdvernment and those of Russia and Prussia — although she will find herself without a single friend or ally--she will still persevere—Quern Deus rldt perdere pries dementat. FRANCIS JOSEPH is now labouring under that affliction, and nothing will cure him until he has endured the grievous consequences of his mistake ; indeed, it is hinted that he himself forwarded the , ultimatum without consultation with, or information to any of, his Ministers. If this be correct, tho sin will be en tirely his own ; and an abdication, if not a change of dynasty, be the legitimate result. The French Chambers will assemble this day, in order to receive a communication from the EMPEROR. We shall probably be in possession of the views and opinions of LOUIS NAPOLEON before evening, and we need scarcely say how great an effect they must have in every quarter and on every Government,. Of course, if Austria invades Sar dinia, France must and will declare war. The first Austrian bayonet that passes the Ticino—the first shot fired in anger—will be the signal for France to march her troops against the Austrians ; and fearful indeed will be the conflict. Let not FRANCIS JOSEPH suppose that too much will depend on the first blow. In the present instance it will not be anything like half the battle. The Sardinians are excellent soldiers, and, notwithstanding the great disparity of numbers, they may make a stronger resistance than has been anti. cipated. They are defending their own soil — are well acquainted with every defensible position where the enemy can be encountered with any reasonable chance of success. They will not sur render their capital to the tender mercies of their adversaries without a fierce struggle. They know well that France will rapidly come to the rescue, and will not, therefore, yield until the utmost extremity. The eagerness for the fray already manifested, the unbending resolution, the stern joy with which the Austrian menace was received, proves that they arc not so helpless as has been imagined, and that Turin will not be reached until it is fully garrisoned by French troops. What may be regarded as the origin of the impending war ? If we are not mistaken it is tha old one, ever new—woman. The Emperor of AUSTRIA frustrated the attempt of the Emperor of FRANCE to ally himself, through a German Prin cess, with the old legitimacies of Europe. The uncle was not too personally great to despise the factitious greatness of intermarriage with heredi tary despots, and of looking on an offspring who should owe their position half to his own genius, but half also to their sharing the blood of the oppressors of Hungary, Bohemia, and Italy, and the born persecutors of patriotism and intelligent religion. The nephew had not sense to see the folly of the uncle's weakness. He, too, sought the hand of a German Princess ; and he might have had it, but Austria forbid the banns. We believe it is highly probable that Austria, like most who interfere with matchmaking, will have to repent her proud intermeddling. The EMPEROR, indeed, defeated in political matchmaking, very wisely married for love, and made the best of it. But, though he doubtless has adorned his Court and satisfied his domestic wishes far more than he could have done from Germany, he could not appease so easily his wounded pride. It were trite to re hearse the names of women, who, in the records of Eden, in the legendary stories of Greece, and in the pages of authentic history, have been designedly, or undesignedly, the starting points of fearful movements in the world's history ; yet trivial as it may seem, a misunderstanding about a woman may well have been the remote but not less potent cause of the assembling of nearly half a million of soldiers looking at each other across the Alps and the plains of Piedmont. Doubtless other causes co-operated. Even Re publican France did not like Austria to be the sole arbiter of Italian affairs, and took possession ac cordingly of the Eternal City. Then, an Emperor could but find it every way agreeable to haVe occu pation for, and therefore ground to maintain, an immense army. Standing armies by the hundred thousand, seem, ace rding to modern practice at least to be the appropriate ornament of an Impera tor. But how cleverly has the whole been managed ! First Sardinia acquires a moral equality with the five great Powers. She threw her sword into the arbitrament between three of them in the Crimean war, and thus indeed took a far higher and nobler position than the cowardly, base, and sefish Govern ments which wielded the military strength of Austria and Prussia. In virtue of this Sardinia next stood forth at the peace conferences of Paris as the Patronus of Italian peoples groaning under native rulers, who were but executioners of Austrian malice on the patriots of their several domains. Austria in vain recalcitrated, and in vain the representative of Russia had no instructions. Count CAVOUR effectually lodged his memorandum, which was virtually a bitter impeachment of Austria, amongst the records of the conference, and ever since then Sardinia and France have been developing . the scheme by which the two Govern ments should both acquire importance, by compel ling Austria to renounce her illegal control south of the Po. If the result was accession of territory to Sardini a , and of influence to France, at the cost of Austria, s o muc h th e b e tt er . B u t even s h ou ld this not be gained, it would be no small glory to com pel a Government as brutal as it is proud, to limit its brutalities to the boundaries assigned her in 1815, and to appear as the deliverer of two-thirds of the Peninsula. Meantime LOUIS NAPOLEON gains at once for his family an alliance with one of the very oldest hereditary houses in Europe, and • • _ SW e i • o, •- . _ +kali b.! 6 Jt • ' D R Orr .7 r.iy ••• THE SUN. MONDAY, APRIL 25, 1859. NOTICE of ELECTION of TWO BURGESSES to serve in PARLIAMENT for the Borough of the TOWER HAMLETS. Dated this 25th day of April, 1859. In pursuance of a writ received by me, Henry Child, for electing Two Burgessses to serve in Parliament f f or that the B or ough of the Tower Hamlets, I do hereby give noti I shall - proceed to Election accordingly on FRIDAY, the 29th day of April instant, at Twelve o'clock at noon, precisely, on the Hustings at Stepney-Green, Mile-end-road, in the Hamlet of Mile End Old Town, within the said Borough, when and where all persons concerned are to give their at tendance. And TAKE NOTICE, that all persons who are guilty of Bribery at the said Election, will, on conviction of such Offence, be liable to the Penalties mentioned in that behalf In "The Corrupt Practices Prevention Act, 1854." And TAKE 'NOTICE, that all persons who are guilty of Treating, or undue influence, at the said Election, will, on conviction of such offence, be liable to the Penalties men tioned in that behalf in "The Corrupt Practices Prevention Act, 1854 " HENRY CHILD, Returning Officer, Parkfield Villas, King Edward's-road, Hackney. Copies of the Register of the Electors for the said Borough may be had at the Office Henry Child. St. Swithin's Rectory, Turnwheel-lane, Cannon-street, City, E.C. _____ ToWER HAMLETS ELECTION. NOTICE OF POLLING PLACES. In the event of a Poll being demanded for the Election of TWO BURGESSES to serve in Parliament for the said borough. I hereby give Public Notice, that the following will be the situation, division, and allotment of the different Booths for taking the Poll at such election, anl the names of the several Deputies who will preside at the said Booths : Situation of booths The different parishes, hamlets, or polling places. liberties, and precincts. IST DIVISION. Stepney Green. 1 Hamlet of Mile-end Old To wn. Presiding Officer, Mr. Thomas Baddeley. 9 n 'DIVISION. A booth near to St. . , St. Leonard, Slioreditch. John 's Church, Presiding Officers, M r . Bloomfield Bur- Hoxton. nell, and Mr. Thos. Wrake Ratcliff. :in DIVISION. A Booth - near to the St. John, Hackney. Old Church, Hack- Presiding Officers. ney, and the Rail- Mr. Chas. Horton r'ulley, way Station: Mr. Thomas Baddeley, jun. 4TH DIVISION. St. Georae, Parish. St. Paul, Shadwe7.ll Parish. St. John Wapping, fungi. Presiding* Officer. Mr. Henry John Baddeley. srff DIVISION. Hamlet of Ratcliff. All Saints, Poplar, Parish. St. Ann, Limehouse, Parish. Bromley St. Leonard, Parish. St. Mary, Stratford, Bow, Parish. Presiding Officer, Mr. George Wellg. fiTII DIVISION. St. Mary, Whitechapel, Parish. Holy Trinity, Minories, Parish. St. Peter Avincula, Parish, Tower Within. Tower Without, Precinct. St. Katherine's, Precinct. St. Botolph, Without, Aldgate, Parish. Christ Church, Spitallields, Parish. Old Artillery Ground, Liberty. Norton Folgate, Liberty. Presiding Officer, Mr. John Baddeley. _ A Booth opposite to 7111 DIVISION. the " Salmon and St. Matthew, Bethnal-green. Ball," Bethnal- Mile-end New Town, Hamlet. green Presiding Officer, Mr. Robt. Brutton. And I - do hereby further Give Notice, that such Poll will commence on SATURDAY, the 30th day of APRIL, 1859, at the hour of EIGHT of the Clock in the Forenoon, and will close at FOUR of the Clock in the afternoon of the same day. Witness my hand this 25th day of April, 1859. HENRY CHILD, Returning Officer. Infant Schools,Can non-street-road. • Junction, of the East India Deck-road and the Commer— cial-road, near Limehouse church A Booth in Com mercial-st,White- chapel,opposite to St. Jude's Church. PIPHE OPERA-COLONNADE HOTEL (late Feuillade's), Charles-street, Haymarket, IS NOW OPEN. ItOYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING will be presented Shakspeare's historiea' play of KING HENRY V. King, Henry V., Mr. C. Kean ; Chorus, Mrs. C. Kean. 'IIHEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING will be performed the new and original Comedy, entitled THE WORLD AND THE STAGE. The characters by Messrs. Compton, Buckstone, Howe, W. Far ren, Rogers; Miss Amy Sedg - wick, &c. • - - After which, a new Classical Extravaganza, entitled F.LECTRA IN A NEW ELECTR'IC LIGHT. Messrs. Compton, Braid, Clark, Mrs. Wilkins, Misses Fanny Wright, Eliza Weekes, and Louisa Leclereq. And A DAUGHTER TO MARRY. 'Commence at 7. NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI, ''ole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. THIS EVENING, THE SERIOUS FAMILY. Messrs. B. Wcl , ter, Billington, Toole ; Miss Woolgar, Miss Sims. Aftemwhich, THE DEVIL ON TWO STICKS . Mr. J. L. TodT , - P. Bedford, Misses Woolgar, Keeley, Arden, and Kate Kelly. Followed by TILE PRETTY GIRLS OF STILBERG. Mr. B. Webster, Billing - ton, Eburne, Misses Woolgar, Keeley, and Arden. Acting Manager—Mr. Win. Smith. Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box Office open from 10 to 5• no charge for booking. No fees to servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE: lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough THIS EVENING will be produced a new Comedietta, by J. M. Morton, Escr., entitled WHICH OF THE TWO supported by the company. After which, THE MAID AND THE MAGPIE. To conclude with VANDYKE BROWN. Mr. J. Clark, and Miss M. Ternan. Commence at 7o'clock. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Westminster-road. Lessee and Manager Mr. William Cooke. SPLENDID EASTER NOVELTIES. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with a new grand spectacle, founded on Sir Walter Scott's popular work, entitled IVANHOE; or, The Lists of Ashby, intro ducing among the vast resources of this great Ilippodramatic Temple,Tournaments, Processions, Banners, Combats, Tilts, Victories, and Achievements in extraordinary magnificence. Ivanhoe, Mr. R. Phillips ; Isaac of York, Mr. .hw. Holloway; Richard of England, Mr. Herbert ; Rebecca, Miss Bathurst. After which, the matchless and unrivalled SCENES IN TIIE CHICLE, introducing Mr. John Henry Cooke, the greatest equestrian in the world : together with Miss Emily Cooke, Madame Blanche, Madame Bridges, Madlie. Fleurette, and Madame Francisco, being the greatest amount of female equestrian talent ever seen in one night in any theatre. Grotesques—Messrs. Hemming and Thorne. To conclude with the Farce of BATHING. Dress Circle, 4s. ; Pit, 2s, ; Gallery, ls. ; upper Gallery, FA. Private Boxes, £4 4s, £2 2s, agd £1 is. Stage Manager, Mr. It. Phillips fIANTERBURY HALL AND FINE ARTS kJ GALLERY, Westminster-road.—Open at Seven. On and after MONDAY, the 25th inst., will appear THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY, consisting of three Juvenile Violinists, viz., Jules, Juliette, and Jutia.Delepierre; aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and EIGHT years. The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios ever written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu siastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France and Belgium. They Will perform EVERY EVENING, at NINE and ELEVEN o'clock, iu addition to the usual Entertainments. THE WEATHER.—Sux OFFICE, APRIL 24. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 53—highest since noon yesterday. 44—lowest this morning and during the night. 51—this day at noon. BAROMETER -29'70. WIND, South-Easterly ; fresh, with dull rainy weather. APRIL 25. THERAOMETER, IN TIIBSHADE. 54—highest since noon yesterday. 42—lowest this morning and during the night. 54—this day at noon. BAROMETER -29.82. WIND, South-Easterly ; fresh, with continuous rain. ;HE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 25, 1850. a 1 4; -. ..ind of standing ground for claiming special ink )rest in the affairs of Italy. What his chances are in the conflict with Austria we believe it is not easy to say. It may be that Au stria is much nearer to the scene of action than Fr: ince ; but that is not everything. The German des/dots also, doubtless, sympathise with Austria ; and to their shame, for they deserve to be the slaves hey are while such is their feeling. The German _people, for the sake of keeping a port in the AdriaL 'ic, wish the people of Lombardy to lie under the ,goof of Austria. We say again, the German people deserve their ignominious political bondage, and .will deserve it till they wish Venice and Milan to be free. But German slaves are not the only parties to this business. There are the free-souled Magyars and Italians, and the haters of concordats and religious and civil oppressions every where, and these things:will be felt in the long run. In one point, however, Louis NAPOLEON has entirely succeeded. He has put Austria wholly in the wrong in declaring war. She has no more right to do it than the Russians had to march into the Principalities. She has made a demand of Sardinia, as disgraceful to the EMPEROR of Austria as that of Prince MENSCHIKOFF (what has become of that worthy ?) to his master the CZAR. A demand as disgraceful as that which France herself lately made on Portugal. In attacking Sardinia Austria has no rational pretext whateTer. She cannot pre tend that the sixty or seventy thousand troops of the latter could venture to assail her. Austria is at liberty to defend herself by as large a border army as well as garrisons, as she thinks fit ; but, she plunges into a contest with Sardinia amidst the denunciations of all the other powers of Europe, and she may find out too late, as Mr. DISRAELI has pre dicted, that there is a power greater even than the sword—the power of public opinion. Setting out with a general denial of the conti nued accuracy of the old epigrammatic aphorism which pronounced England the Hell of horses, the Purgatory of Servants, and the Paradise of Women, a reviewer in the Edinburgh gives us, in the open ing paper of the current number, a remarkable epitome of the Female Industry of the United Kieg dom. The statistics scattered through this elaborate criticism are perfectly reliable—being drawn almost entirely from the results of the last census, as con densed and classified in the authoritative tabulated pages of Mr. CHESHIRE. And certainly, glancing at the array of facts here presented to our conside ration, it is obviously placed beyond all possibi lity of denial that England, in the third circle of her own reputed terrestrial and somewhat Dantesque version of the Divina Commeclia, has lost the marks of her imputed character. While the rail roads have removed, in a great measure, from their probationary state, before entering the limbo of the knacker's yard, " the hardest worked class of horses"—MAßTlN's humane act protects the sur vivors of that noble race of quadrupeds from cruelty —the national predilection for horseflesh increases everywhere else but on the table as a viand. Mani festly enough, therefore, whatever it may have been formerly—England is no longer the Hell of Horses. Again, in regard to the second division — if we are to believe that truth, as well as fun and drollery, speak through that whimsical pencil of Leech, our later Hogarth—a pencil to which we owe so many humorous limnings of the generic peculiarities of Flunkeyana and Servantgalism— England as surely is no longer the Purgatory of Servants. And now as to the third and crowning section of all—How about England as the reputed Paradise of Women ? The day dream of grace and beauty, of gentleness and leisure, vanishes under the broad flood of the daylight of Fact poured upon this supposed remnant of fairy land by the Census of Fifty-One. The last illusory mists of doubt upon the subject that might yet have remained are scat tered away inexorably by the bull's eye as of a police lantern suddenly turned upon the theme by the Edinburgh reviewer. Eight years ago these waters of truth were brimmed up to us abundantly through the well-spring of the Census. They are filtered now even for us more brilliantly and re freshingly than ever, by being percolated, so to speak, through the judgment of the Whig Quar terly, dripping drop by drop for all who care to quaff in the general thirst for wholesome know ledge. Enlightened now upon the subject of " Fe male Industry" in this country by the Census and by the Edinburgh, it is impossible for any one to remain an instant longer under the illusion that England is any more the Paradise of - Women, Long since, as the critic remarks, the women of the United Kingdom have been led forth from their paradise into a life of labour and care more strongly resembling that of man than either the men and women of old times could have antici pated. It is not the lassies of the eclogues of GAY, or of the pastorals of THOMSON, who go out into the June meadows with their hayrakes, or tend the flowerbeds round their apiaries, or thin the wall fruit of superfluous apricots and nectarines. Even the reviewer tells us unpityingly, " the Dorset milkmaid tripping along with her pail is we fear becoming a myth"—the milking of the kine being now generally performed by some hobnailed lout in a smockfrock. All the pretty fanciful occupations of the farm and the poultry-yard, the kitchen garden, the dairy, and the orchard, survive now in the story-books and the more innocent dreams of the most unsophisticated of our poets and poetasters . The recording angel of the Census of 1851 tells us plainly in so many remarks that there were eight years ago, 128,418,1 N -omen above twenty years of age employed in the positive labours of agricul ture—to say nothing of farmers' wives and farmers daughters to the number of 289,793. Included among the farmers,namely,among the independent female agricultural labourers, are 64,000 dairy women. The complaint of these 64,000 being, and we are assured " not unreasonably—' no end of work !' " Listen to the reviewer's record of this no end of work ! On a dairy-farm, the whole set of labours has to be gone through twice a day, nearly the whole year round ; and any one of our readers who have seen the vessels on a Cheshire farm, the width of the tubs, the capacity of the ladles, the strength of the presses, and the size of the cheeses, will feel no surprise at hearing from the doctors that dairywomen constitute a special class of patients, from maladies arising; from over-fatigua and insufficient rest. There is some dif ference between this mode of life and the common notion of the ease and charm of the 'dairymaid's existence, as it is seen in a corner of the duchess's park, or on a little farm of three fields and a paddock. The professional dairywoman can usually do nothing else. She has been about the -cows since she was tall enough to learn to milk, and her days are so filled up, that it is all she can do to keep her clothes in de - cent order. She drops asleep .ver the last stage of her work ; and grows up ignorant of all other knowledge, and unskilled in all other arts. Besides these dairywomen the female agricul tural labourers of England include managers of pigs, lambs, and poultry—makers of cider and perry—and bee-mistresses, the produce of whose labours are the gold droppings of the au tumn honeycombs. Glancing at the nursery gardeners and the florists, the market-gar deners and the flax producers, reapers and binders, haymakers and hop-pickers, bean setters and turnip hoers—we descend from the surface of the land to the subterranean regions. There we find 7,000 women returned as toiling in the mines in Wales and Cornwall and Devonshire. Skirting the waters we find scores of thousands of women labouring within our four WE4S otherwise than as fishermen's wives and daughters. The reviewer says= It is true the amount of fish-eating. in Our country by the lower classes of the population is inexplicably small. No one seems yet to have accounted for the neglect of, or pre• judice against, a kind of food so excelle n t an d so abundant. But thederuand created by railway earriage,'and by the re moval of various restrictions, bids fair now to restore some thing like the fish-eating of the old Catholic days, Along the margin of the s ea, Insides our CitRIsTIP JOIINSTONES, the Billingsgate ladies, the Mussel burgh dames, and the Claddagh women, there are thousands busy there in smaller occupations—burn ing kelp, collecting sand, raking together seaweed, gathering jet and amber, rare shells and curious pebbles. Next come the maid servants—an army of toilsome women, most disproportioned in num bers to the rest of the population. According to the census now eight years byegone—there were up - wards of 400,000 maids-of-all-work, or, as it is the fashion to call them now, general servants. There are 54,000 charwomen 50,000 housekeepers -47,000 women cooks-42,000 housemaids-21,000 nurserymaids-20,000 inn servants—and attached to country mansions nearly 400 gatekeepers. Added to all which, the reviewer tells us— Under the head of service' several kinds of independent industry occur which need only be pointed out : as sick and monthly nurses, matrons and nurses in asylums and hos pitals ; women who go out to brew, to cook, to wash, and to sew ; the searchers at police and custom-house offices ; matrons of gaols ; lighthouse-keepers ; pew-openers ; waiters at railway refreshment rooms, and the like. Referring next to the " commercial directions of female industry," we find as widows scattered all over the country, as many as 10,000 beershop keepers and victuallers-9,000 innkeepers-14,000 milk-sellers and butcheresses —B,OOO proprietors of waggons and hack carriages. Turning at last to the very class that ought in reason to be the most numerous of all, we find it actually of all the least numerous—the class of shoptvomen, as distinguished from shopkeepers. While the shopkeepers are 29,000—the shopwomen are actually in all no more than 1,742 ! Here it is that we are grieved to notice our contemporary, the Edinburgh, raising an influential voice, deprecating the prosecution of what we must still be allowed to regard as a most beneficent movement. Referring to that other quarterly review which, during the late war, attacked " the men milliners who smirk behind the counters of our shops," the Edinburgh here remarks, " Our impression on the whole was that the shopmen exhibited a much better case than could have been anticipated by careless ob servers." Notwithstanding which " impression," we are yet sanguine that the genus of TITTLEBAT TIT MOUSE may eventually give place to those poor sisters of theirs starving in our London garrets and cellars as needlewomen. Altogether the survey now taken of " Female Industry" presents to view a very impressive spec tacle—a spectacle not incongruously closed by a casual reference to Dr. ELIZABETH BLACKWELL, the New York physician, and to Mrs. HOCKLEY, the professional accoucheur of distinguished repu tation. There is a passing glance, too, vouchsafed by the reviewer at LIND as a songstress, SIDDONS as a tragic actress, and BRONTE as a woman of letters—with a thought cast yonder into that quiet home at Ongar where JANE TAYLOR plied her art as a steel engraver; yonder at Miss HERSCIIELL sitting unmolested in ,her brother's observatory discovering comets; yonder at Mrs. SOMERVILLE pursuing in her unobtrusive manner her recon dite labours as a mathematician. Finally, quoth the Edinburgh, as truthfully as gallantly— Our countrywsmen have the free command of the press ; and they use it abundantly. Every woman who has force of character enough to conceive any rational enterprise of benevolence is sure to cairy it through, after encountering more or less opposition. For a Catherine Mompesson, sup ported by her husband's companionship in a plague-stricken village two centuries ago, we have had a Mary Picard doing exactly the same work, but alone, within our own century. Mrs. Fry in Newgate, Florence Nightingale and Mrs. Bracebridge at Scutari; 'Miss Dix reforminglunatic asy lums; Sarah Pellatt reclaiming the Californian gold diggers from drink; Mary Carpenter among her young city Arabs : all these, and several more, are proofs that the field of action is open to women as well as men, when they find something for their hand to do, and do it with all their might. The reviewer might have added, in proof—what he possibly deemed superfluous —a noble living cata logue. Among others, CAROLINE CHISHOLM better ing the forlorn emigrants at our antipodes—ELlZA COOK gladdening the homes by writing the songs of the people—AGNEs STRICKLAND inscribing with a luminous pencil upon historic tablets, monunientum are perennius, the moving annals of our Female Sovereigns. THE PRIVY COUNCIL. WINDSOR, APRIL 23. Her Majesty the Queen held a Privy Council at twelve o'clock to• day. Present—His Royal Highness the Prince Consort, the Marquis of Salisbury, the Earl of Hardwicke, the Earl of Derby, the Right Hon. B. Disraeli, Mr. Secre tary Estcourt, the Earl of Malmesbury, Major-General Peel, the Marquis of Exeter, Earl Delawarr, the Duke of Beaufort, and the Marquis of Abercorn. At the Council a Proclamation was issued dissolving the present Parliament, and summoning a new Parliament on Tuesday, the 81st May. A Proclamation was issued for the election of 16 peers o; Scotland, on Tuesday the 10th May. The Hon. William Bathurst was the Clerk of the Counci in Waiting. Her Majesty gave audiences to the Marquis of Salisbury, the Earl of. Malmesbury, the. Earl of Derby, and Major- General Peel. Viscount Strathallan and Lieutenant-General Sir Fre derick Steven were the Lord and Groom in Waiting. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR CASTLE, APRIL 23. The Queen and Prince Consort walked in the grounds of the Castle this morning. The Princess Alice rode on horseback. The Duke of Saxe-Coburg went to London, attended by le Baron de Meyern, le Capitaine de Reuter, A.D.C., and Colonel Francis Seymour, C.B. His royal highness re turned to the Castle in the afternoon. The Queen and Prince Consart, accompanied by the Princesses Alice, Helena, and Louisa, and attended by the Ladies and Gentlemen, in Waiting; the Duchess of Rent, attended by Lady Suian Leilie Melville, and Miss Victoria Wortley ; the Duke of Saxe-Coburg, attended by le Baron Meyern, le Capitaine de Reuter, A.D.C., and Colonel F. Seymour, were present in the evening at a musical per formance in St. George's Hall. The following had the honour of receiving invitations :—The Belgian Minister and Madame van de Weyer, the Provost of Eton, the Rev. W. Canning, the Rev. W. Anson, Major and the Hon. Mrs. Loyd Lindsay, Lady Mary Hood, Miss Hood, Lady Caro line Barrington, Major-General the Hon. C. and Mrs. Grey, Colonel the lion. C. and Lady Phipps, Miss Phipps, Colonel F. H. and Lady Emily Seymour, the Dean of Windsor and the Hon. Mrs. Wellesley, Sir George and Lady Couper, Miss and Mr. R. Couper, the Rev. W. R Jolley, Major Elphinstone, R.E., and Mr. Glover. The performance was " Grosse Passions-Musik," by Joh. Seb. Bach, according to the text of St. Matthew. The English words, adapted for the Bach Society of London, by Helen F. H. Johnston. The orchestra consisted of upwards of 170 performers. The solo vocalists were ---Madame Weiss (Miss L. Pyne being prevented singing from severe indisposition), Mrs. Bertha Street, and Miss Lascelles ; Mr. Sims Reeves, Mr. Winn, and Mr. Weiss. The band consisted of her Ma jesty's private band, aided by several of the principal per formers from the Philharmonic Societyaller Majesty's Theatre, and the Royal Italian Opera. The chorus were selected principally from the Bach Society, instituted by Professor Sterndale Bennett, Mus. Prof. Cantab, 1849, who was present on the occasion. The performance was con ducted by Mr. Anderson, the director of her Majesty's pri vate band ; Mr. W. G. Cusins, organist of her Majesty's private chapel, ,, presiding at the organ. His Royal Highness the Duke of, Saxe•Coburg takes his departure on Wednesday or Thursday next, from Windsor Castle, for Berlin. His Excellency the Saxon Minister left town a few days since, for Paris. The Marquis of Abereorn left town, on Saturday, for Mount Edgecombe, Devonshire, to join the marchioness and Lady Katherine Hamilton, who had left town pre viously, to visit Viscount and Viscountess Valletort. The Marquis of Lansdowne will leave town in a few days for Bowood, for the Easter holidays. The Marquis of Bath arrived in town on Satur day evening, from Longleaf, Wilts, LATEST NEWS. The following telegrcans have been received at Mr. Reuter's office ;-_-. PARIS, APRIL 23. The Patrie of this evening announces that the Imperial guard has been placed on a war footing. The officers have received orders to be ready for departure. General Canrobert left this morning to assume the command allotted to him. The regi ments which quitted Paris yesterday were enthu siastically cheered by the people. The report that the soldiers on renewable furlough will be called in is confirmed. We are assured, adds the Patric, that the ulti matum of Austria to Piedmont was delivered at 2 p.m. to-day at Turin. ! PARIS, APRIL 24. The Moniteur of this morning contains the fol- lowing : Prussia, like England and Russia, has protested against the conduct of Austria. A telegraphic message from Toulon announces that troops have arrived there intended to commence the formation of a camp to consist of 40,000 men. The report current in Paris that King Leopold had quitted Belgium is untrue. Rentes were first done on the Boulevards at 64.80 fell to 64.30, and the last transaction was at 64.40, being a fall of O since Saturday's closing price. Austrian Railway 7, and Lombardo-Vene tian 5 francs lower. TURIN, APRIL 23. The deputies assembled for a public sitting this day at three o'clock p.m; The Chamber without discussion adopted a pro ject of law investing Government with all execu tive and legislative powers by 110 votes against 24. This vote was greeted by the animated cheers and acclamations of the deputies and the public. TURIN, SUNDAY, APRIL 24. The Opinione announces that the ultimatum of Austria was presented yesterday (Saturday) even ing to the Piedmontese Government. The ulti matum demands the disarmament of Piedmont and the disbanding of the volunteers within a period of three days. Baron Kellerberg remains in Turin until that time shall have expired. The movements of the Austrians towards the Piedmontese frontiers have ceased, and the usual traffic on the railway from Milan to the Ticino has recommenced. The Archduke Maximilian has departed for Venice to inspect the Austrian fleet. It is currently reported that the Austrians are on their march to enter Modena. General Ferrari, commander of the troops of Tuscany, has tendered his resignation. The following anecdote is given by the Opinione of Turin :—" A banquet of officers was held at Milan a few days ago, at which, among the numerous toasts drunk in allusion to the impending war, a young officer proposed the following To the Austrian army ! The French and Piedmontese armies will break against it like this brittle glass.' So saying, he threw the bottle he had just emptied into the air, so as to make it fall back again upon the table, which, in fact, it did, but—without breaking. The Opinione states that all the officers present stood aghast at this untoward omen." VIENNA, APRIL 24. The official Vienna Gazette publishes a communi cation dated the 19th April addressed by the Austrian Government to Count Cavour. This communication calls upon Piedmont to reduce her army to a peace footing, to disband her volunteers, and within three days to give a positive answer to these requirements. In conclusion it emphatically threatens a resort to arms in the unfortunate event of Piedmont's not acceding to Austria's demands. BERLIN, APRIL 23 The semi-official Prussian Gazette (Preussische Zeituny) publishes a leading article, of which the following is a summary : The resollutions of the Government for placing the federal means of defence on a footing corre sponding to the armaments of neighbouring states, were prepared before the last mediatorial proposal of the Powers had been made, and were accidentally taken at a moment when Prussia was using press ing language at Vienna in favour of the above pro posal. It was also accidental that their publication coincided with the first news respecting the ulti matum of Austria to Piedmont. The Prussian resolutions were determined on quite independently of the events of the last few days. Neither the presence of German Princes nor any pretended con ventions said to have been concerted during their stay, are in any way connected with these resolu tions. As regards the last measure towards Piedmont, the news was all the more surprising for the Go vernment, because during the days which imme diately preceded it, nothing had been neglected by Prussia to impress on the attention of the Austrian Government the incalculable consequences and the heavy responsibility which would result from every separate act of Austria. According to the New Prussian Gazette (Kreuz zeitung) the Russian Government has taken the resolution to place the Corps d'arrnee of General Luders on a war footing (kriegsbereit). The Cabi net of St. Petersburg has declared its intention not to advance troops so long as Germany also refrains from so doing, otherwise a Corps of observation would be placed on the Austrian frontiers ; Russia would thus assume the same attitude of watchful ness as Austria did during the war in the East. DRESDEN, APRIL 23. Tho Dresden Journal contains a Royal decree, dated 16th April, concerning the levy of horses for army purposes. BERNE, APRIL 23. It is asserted that the Eglish Ambassador l2 has la Berne this morning f or Mil an , i n consequence of an order received by telegraph from his Govern. ment. BERNE, APRIL 24. Two divisions of the army of Switzerland have been placed on a war footing. Captain E. A. J. Harris, the English Ambas sador for Switzerland, has left this city for Milan, to deliver to General Gyulai the protest of the English Government against the ultimatum which Austria has addr,;sscd to Piedmont. It is asserted that 160,000 French soldiers arc on their march towards Savoy. FRANKFORT 0.M., APRIL 23. An official report of the proceedings in to-day's sitting of the Federal Diet has been published. It announces that the sitting agreed to the proposals of Prussia to keep the principal contingents in readiness to march (Marschbereitschaft), and also that a resolution was adopted to take all necessary measures for arming the federal fortresses. The re port adds that the federal military committee has been ordered to place itself in connexion with the different military commissions appointed to execute the resolutions of the Diet. It is also authentic that a corps d'armee of 12,000 men will shortly be posted in and around Frankfort for the protection of the Diet. FRANKFORT OM., APRIL 24. It is asserted by well-informed persons that in case of war a considerable corps of observation, composed of troops of the German Confederation, will be sent to the Rhine, to which Austria on her part will furnish a contingent of 250,000 men, under the command of the Emperor in person. FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDAY. It was reported that the Austrian Ambassador had quitted Paris, This is not true ; M. Hubner is still here. The Constitutionnel says :—" The summons made by Austria to Piedmont to disarm in three days was, we are assured, sent by the Emperor himself, without consulting his Ministers." " According to private information which has reached us," says the same journal, " one of the movements made by the Austrian Army is to be on Tuscany. It forms part of the strategical plans of Austria to occupy the Grand Duchy, notwithstanding the opposition of the sovereign, who is said to have decided, but too late, on declaring his neutrality." A Paris letter, in the Independance of Brus sels, says :—" The army of Lyons will con sist, it is said, of five divisions, prepared to march at any moment, and three divisions of reserve. The troops stationed in the Var are to embark without delay at Toulon, it is supposed for Genoa, as Capt. Chaigneau has left for that city to superintend the landing should the troops be con veyed there. The commanders of the three floating batteries in the port of Toulon, the Lave, Tonnante, and Devastation, have received orders to arm them with the utmost possible speed. Throe regiments of African Chasseurs and a regiment of Zouaves, still in Algeria, are to embark for France, the latter to join the army of Lyons, and the Chasseurs to proceed to some destination as yet unknown. The number of horses furnished by Algeria to the army in France is calculated at 6,000. Lastly, the Minis ter of Marine, who had given orders to raise to 18 the 12 gunboats to lee provided, has decided on in creasing the number for the present to 20." BOURSE, April 23.—The market opened very heavily, but after a while there was a rally, owing to a despatch from Berlin announcing that Prussia had joined her protestation to those of England and Russia. It was also said that King Leopold had departed for Vienna on a conciliatory mission. Threes have advanced to 65f. 5c.; Mobilier, to 595 f.; Austrian, 470 f. ; Orleans, I,lBof. ; Lyons, 795 f. ; Northern, 870 f. ; Southern, 450 f. The following were the last quotations : 41- per Cents. .... 92 50 I Credit Fonder Do. end month .. 92 50 i Belgian 41 — 3 per Cents 65 15 Piedmonteso (5) .. 73 50 Do. end month 65 Roman B3 Bank Shares 2650 Austrian — Credit Mobilier 592 50 Spanish Threes .. Do. Account 595 Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern 865 870 New ditto 755 750 Lyons and Mediterranean 797 50 .. 790 Now ditto Geneva 470 .. 460 Southern Western 495 .. 500 Eastern Sardinian - Austrian , 467 : . 472 50 Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 10c. ; money ; 25f. sc. ; three months, paper, 24f. 971 c.; money, 24f. 921 c. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, APRIL 22. The official Wiener Zietung of this day contains the subjoined manifesto : " Matured by the events which, since the beginning of the year, have cast such dark shadows over the future of Europe, the decisive moment—a moment which may bring with it the most important consequences —is at hand. " The sincere desire of our Emperor and Lord to avert from the world, even at the last moment, the dangers which menace it, the feeling of duty not to leave untried any means for maintaining peace that is compatible with the rights and dignity of the Empire, and the wish to prove to every one that Austria is free from all blame if the evils of war should fall on fruitful and happy countries, have in duced his Imperial Royal Apostolic Majesty to address him self directly to the Government of his Majesty King Victor Emmanuel, in order to make a last effort for the mainte nance of peace. " During several years Sardinia has displayed hostility to the sacred rights of Austria. By its more recent manifesta tions the Turin Cabinet has shown itself to be the declared antagonist of those rights. By its armaments it has placed itself in a state of perpetual preparation for attack. Tho only means by which the Sardinian Government can con vince the world that it does not meditate war and revolution is to render a return to regular relations between itself and its neighbour possible. Sardinia can do this by laying aside those arms which she can only use in order to commit an immeasurable outrage against international law, againstthe foundation of legal order, against the true welfare of Italy, and against the well-being of Europe. "By order of his Majesty, Count von Buol-Schauenstein has addressed to Count Cavour, the chief of the Turin Cabinet, a note (em Schrebin), in which the Royal Sardi nian Government is summoned to disarm. The summons, which is conciliatory in spirit, though urgent, is made with all the earnestness of a last admonition, an admonition that may be followed by the most serious consequences. " If Sardinia, as a consequence of this step, which is ac companied by the representations of other European Powers places its army on a peace footing (kehrt zuni Frie densfusse zuruck) it knows that it is, by the given word of Austria, secure from any attack. •' It is not the intention of the Imperial Government to retract the proposition it before wade—which can at once, and even before the opening of the proposed Congress, lead to an arrangement between those great Powers that have made extraordinary armaments—for a general return to a poace footing. Austria still holds to that proposition, without making any alteration in it, although she cannot allow the steps which she has now resolved on taking against Sardinia to be made subject to the future negotia tions on the question of general disarmament. "May it soon be our lot to let the present communica • tion be followed by another, which will give equal satisfac tion to the advocates for anhonourablepeace and to the firm and tranquil solf4con,sciousness (Selbstegefuhl) of Austria. Whatever may be the trials we may have to undergo, neither our magnanimous Monarch nor his faithful subjects will for a moment lose that confidence which is given by right (justice) and courage." The Earl Cadogan, who has been suffering from indisposition fur sumo time past, is now greatly improving in health. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston have re. turned to Cambridge House from Broadlands, Hants. The noble viscount leaves town to-day for Tiverton. Viscount and Viscountess Doneraile will leave town to-morrow on r. visit to Colonel and Mrs. Challoner at Portnall Park, Virginia Water. Lord and Lady Harry Vane are passing the season at their seat, Battle Abbey, Sussex. Lord and Lady Churchill have left the Si George's Hotel. Lady Arthur Hay has returned to town from visiting the Duke and Duchess of Manchester at Kim bonen Castle. The Earl and Countess of March have left town, on a visit to Lady Charlotte Greville, at Uxbridge. The Earl and Countess of Shelburne will leave Lansdowne House to• day, for Bowood, Wilts. The Earl and Countess of Bandon and Lady Louisa Barnard have arrived at the Queen's Hotel, Upper Norwood. The Countess Blondoff has returned to town from visiting the Duke and Duchess of Manchester at Kini bolton Castle. Baron add Baroness Lionel de Rctlischild enter tained a select circle at dinner on Saturday evening, at Kingston House, Knightsbridge. Lady John Somerset has arrived at her new residence at Queen's-gate, Hyde-park, from Paris. Sir Ralph and Lady Howard have left Belgrave square, for Brighton. General Fate (aide-de-camp to the Emperor Napoleon) has arrived at the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn erect. THE SALE OF ARMY COMMISSIONS.—On Satur day, by command of the Puke of Cambridge, a spccia! warrant was placed in the hands of Inspector Whicher, of the detective police, for the apprehension of Henry Septi mus Eicke, of 2, Russell•court, St. James's, charged with the illegal sale and traffic in army commissions. A reward of t7O is offered for the capture of Eicke by her Majesty's Government, and on Saturday afternoon a clue was ob tained to his whereabouts, and .thare is no doubt he will soon be in custody. . _ _ Herapath announces that the South Western Company have undertaken to work the Isle of Wight Rail way at cost price; and Captain Mangles, chairman, and Mr. Sergeant Gazelee, a director of the South Western, have been placed QLI the Isle of Wight board, INDIA AND CHINA. ALEXANDRIA, APRIL 19. The Calcutta and China mails leave to-day. The advices from Calcutta are to the 22d of March ; Madras, the 29th ; Hong Kong, the 12th. The Begun" and the Nana hare come down to the Nepaul frontier with 8,000 men. Brigadier Kelly was watching them. Rao Sahib, with 1,000 cavalry, has appeared in Chunderee. Tantia Topee and Feroze Shah are believed to have joined him. Another attempt to produce mutiny among Sikh troops has been discovered at Lahore. The Bengal Chamber of Commerce is preparing a petition against an increase of Customs' duties, and to memorialise for a Parliamentary commis sion to investigate and report upon Indian finances. The Calcutta import market was active, and prices higher, owing to an increase of the import duties. Money was easy. Government securities con tinue depressed. Exchange, 2s. ld. for bank bills. The Furious, with Lord Elgin, en route for England via Bombay, had arrived at Galle. Sir Michael Seymour was to leave Hong Kong on the 20th of March for England, Exchange on Hong Kong, 4s. Bd. Import market dull, SHANGHAI, MARCH 5. The import market very active, with enhanced prices. Silk was dearer ; settlements, 2,000 bales. Tea very firm. A portion of the Red Sea Telegraph cable has arrived at Suez. INDIA OFFICE, APRIL 24. The following telegram has been received via Trieste : "TO JAMES COSMO IVIELVILL, ESQ., INDIA OFFICE, LON-. DON, FROM It. SIMSON, ESQ., SECRETARY TO TIM GOVERNMENT OF INDIA, DATED CALCUTTA, MARCH 22. OUDE. Since the date of my last message the rebels, under the Begum and Ram Singh, have re-crossed the river Gunduck, and have marched westward through the Nepaul Terrai. On the 16th of March about 200 rebels, supposed to be an advanced party, entered the Toolseepore territory. The main body, with the chiefs, were said 4- 3 be at Bootwul, about 25 miles east of the Toolseepore boundary. They are believed to number about 5,000, including women and children. Brigadier Kelly was to have been at Lotun, 36 miles from Bootwul, on the 18th instant. The province of Oude continues tranquil; the disarming of the country and the demolition of the forts progress satisfactorily. CENTRAL INDIA AND RAJPOOTANA. Information has been received from Chundeyree that the Rao Sahib, with 2,000 cavalry, arrived in the Chundeyree district on the 13th inst. Arrange ments had been made for pursuing him. Overtures of surrender had been received both from the Rao and Feroze Shah, who are both said to be anxious to come in. Tantia Topee, when last heard of, was threading the jungles on the Chumbul, under the assumed name of Rao Singh. REWAH AND BUNDELCUND. On the 4th of March Brigadier Fordyce (?) attacked the rebels under Furozund Alee and Run must Singh ; 102 of them were killed, and the regi mental colours of the 30th Native Infantry, with 70 muskets and rifles, besides numerous matchlocks and swords, were taken. On our side three Sikhs were killed, and one officer and 16 men wounded. After this defeat Runmust Singh withthe remainder of his party crossed the Kijmoor range, and on the 19th of March were 30 miles west of Singrowlee, in the Mirzapore district. H. RAVEN. Trieste, 14th of April, 2.15 p.m. INCENDIARY SHELLS FOR WARFAREJ TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Under the above heading, in the Mechanics' Magazine of yesterday, I have read a letter signed " Justice," and dated the 17th inst., addressed to the editor of The Sun ; I did not see The Sun which contained that letter or I would have instantly answered it, by quoting an extract of a letter to the editors of the Mechanics' Magazine, dated 29th of December, 1855, and inserted in their number, 12th January, 1856, on the subject of Capt. Disney's liquid-fire shell : "I do not pretend to any claim on the liquid-fire con coction, bisulphuret or carbon and phosphorus, which consider to be the most naufragious' fire• stuff ever in vented by the ingenuity of man." In my recent experiments at Chatham I only used my own rifle-shells charged with the liquid fire which Dr. Scoffern gave to me about three years ago, and Mr. Wentworth Scott filled a few of my rifle-shells with his own liquid-fire, which I fired from my heavy rifle in his presence in the garden of the Rosherville Hotel about the same period, and found his liquor to be very potent, which was reported in some of the daily and weekly papers of the time.--I am, Sir, your obedient ser' vant, JOHN NORTON. Rosherville, April 23, 1859. MADAME BOSIO. TO THE EDITOR OF TIIE SUN. SIR, —I yesterday received a letter from the hus. , band of the late Madame Bosio. It is with. feelings of deep sorrow that I find the report of the melancholy death of that lady eon. filmed. Poor Madame Bosio died at St. Petersburg on Tuesday, April 12th, of inflammation of the lungs. The circumstances of her death are the more pain ful, as it appears the malady was most improperly treated in the first instance. Many of your rea d ers w i ll know how to appre ciate the great loss which the lyric stage has sus tained by this sad event, a loss most difficult in deed to replace ; those who had the pleasure of Madame B os i o ' s acquaintance in private life will mourn for her also as a most kind and amiable lady ; while many, I fear, will lose a charitable and sympathising friend,—l am, Src., FREDERICK Royal Italian Opera, Covent -garden, Apr i l 23. DIORAMA OF THE RHINE. I'Vyld has added to the numerous and varied exhibitions at the " Great Globe," in Leicester square, a well-painted diorama of the Rhine, with its varied scenery, its old feudal castles, and its oft-described legendary localities. The series of tableaux begins with Rotterdam, whence the visitor is carried in a gradual pictorial journey past Dus seldorf with its bridge of bOats, Cologne and its world-famous cathedral, the Drachenfels, and the town of Neuwied, the scene of the last great struggle between Austria and France in 179 5 . Nothing known to, or worthy of being known to, tourists is omitted, until at last, past ancient town and battlemented fortress, by foaming cataract and sequestered nook beloved of river syren, the visitor is landed at St. Gothard in the Swiss Alps, and can contemplate at his leisure the picturesque source of the Rhine. The pictures are painted with consi derable skill and good scenic effect, and the towns, especially Cologne, represented with great accuracy of detail. To those who intend a tour on the Rhine in the ensuing autumn, a visit or two to the diorama will be better than a library of guide books, while others, whose hard fate obliges them to stop at home, will get an admirable idea of its most remark able features. At the private view on Saturday, which was numerously attended, the various tableaux were much admired, and the amusing lecture by which the exhibition was accompanied, was most attentively listened to, and also obtained a considerable amount of applause. In addition to the Rhine, the dioramas of Japan, India, and China, are still exhibited, and fully maintain their original attraetiyeness.