The Sun. — London, England, 1860-02-13 00:00:00

THE TREATY OF COMMERCE. In the Journal des Debats of yesterday M. Michel Chevalier discusses at considerable length the Treaty of Commerce between France and Eng land. ,We subjoin a full translation : " The treaty of commerce between France and England is a striking commentary on the letter of the Emperor to the Minister of State. It attests that the programme contained in the Imperial letter is not destined to end in measures of minor importance, but that, on the contrary, it will be prac tically carried out on a large scale. " As soon as it transpired that negotiations were on foot . and the general features were iaade known, this y of Commerce caused a deep sensation, not only in the two all those which are directly c oncerned in it, but also in those European States which felt from an unmistakeable instinct that it touched them likewise most nearly. This is because the idea which dictated the new treaty is different from that which inspired former ones ; it is one of a su perior order ; it vibrates, in the spirit of nations, to a chord which, always a good one, is now most sensitive. " The new Treaty of Commerce is, in fact, intimately con nected with the great movement which, dating from the French Revolution, develops its most fruitful inspirations, and drags all Europe onwards towards a future still wrapt in mystery, but which hold out a promise in every respect to be better than the past. Nations draw closer together for their mutual benefit ; they gradually shake off the nar row-minded views, the prejudices, the hatreds which divide them, not to become amalgamated together so as to offer only a monotonous and sterile uniformity, but, in the gene ral interests, to exchange their sentiments and their ideas and the productions of their industrial labour, which, after all, are much more than is usually owned, the manifesta tions of the human mind. " This eminently beneficent, nay, let as say, eminently Christian tendency, does not only transform the relations between State and State, between Government and Govern ment, between people and people. Its action is also felt in the breast of every nation, and everywhere it modifies in a happy manner the relations between all classes of society, whatever they may be,—between religious confessions themselves, which it makes reciprocal toleration. It brings individuals and classes nearer to each other without lower ing anyone, but rather by exalting the humble and by raising that portion of the population which was formerly disinherited to a participation in the moral and intellectual dignity, as well as to the enjoyment of the comforts of life. " Civilisation does not advance with the regularity of a machine, and its advances are not like the chases which the t h eore tician can calculate beforehand , or like the revolu tions of the planets, which may be followed in their course. Mankind has passions which, in connexion with the general movement decreed by Providence, are too often disturbing causes. It thus happens that from time to time the stream of civilisation is obstructed and impeded, and appears even at times turned from its course. Every nation, every class, every coterie, even every individual has his prejudices his egotism, his preferences and his antip athies equally blind, the conflict of which gives rise to accidents, to disorders, to retrograde movements. But it is the merit and the glory of our European civilisation that with it always, even after the most violent debates and the most sanguinary collisions, the civilising impulsion regains the upperhand. When modern Europe is at peace, the genius of progress rules there supreme. There is another fact which is most worthy of observation to the honour of contemporaneous societies ; it is, that all classee,even the least educated, have a greater or lesser notion of what progress consists of, and that they are inclined to accelerate its accomplishment by their efforts, or to strengthen it by their adhesion. "Thus the acts which are destined manifestly to favour the concentration and the joint interests of the various fac tions of the European world excite general and real enthu siasm when they attain proportions beyond the common. This is the secret of the success attained by the programme in the Imperial letter, and of the happy sensation caused, even beyond France and England, but more naturally so in those two States, by the announcement of a treaty of com merce conceived on a broad basis between England and Franca. "This Treaty may justly be styled a victory gained by the genius of progress, of that progress one of the essential characteristics of which we have just mentioned. When the great nationalities of Europe had freed themselves of the theocratical organization which the Sovereign Pontiffs had attempted to erect upon the ruins of the Roman Empire, and which had temporarily rendered great services, each nation had shrunk back upon its own territory, the better to constitute its personality ; thus two movements co-existed of which one emanated from the sentiments of a common interest (solidarite) between the various peoples of Europe, while the other carried the individuality of each of the States to its uttermost limits. It was thus that, dating from the middle of the 17th century, at the same time that the different civilised nations exerted their common efforts in the domain of literature and science, so as to form in that respect a sort of European Republic, they endea voured to form for themselves an isolated existence in the sphere of commerce and industry. The prohibitive system, which the ancients never knew, of which barbarous tribes at the present day are still ignorant, and which is directly opposed to the spirit of civilization, thus burst upon the civilised world, and usurped a sway in the councils and laws of nations most proud of their enlightenment. " The noble movement of 1789 inaugurated a reaction against that exclusive system, and the idea of a commercial rapprochement between the different States, aroused in Prance by Turgot and his friends, in England by the cele brated author of " The Wealth of Nations," appeared on the eve of becoming the law of the whole world, when the scourge of war was unchained upon earth with a fury until then unknown, and resuscitating the hateful prejudices of nations against each other, restored to life the system of commercial prohibitions. " From the effects of the lamentable calamities of 1792 and 1793, France and England had customs' tariffs which we need not fear to call monstrous. With us, especially, the liberal tariff voted by the Constituent Assembly in 1790 was replaced by the Draconian laws of the Convention which, for instance, adjudged 20 years of hard labour in irons against any person wearing a waistcoat of English manu facture, knowing it to be such ; again, by the law of the 10th Brumaire year V., which in a few lines decreed absolute prohibition of 19-20ths, at least of manufactured goods. But when peace was restored, public opinion returned to the charge on both sides of the Channel against those deplorable exaggerations. Unhappily, be it said, equal success was not achieved upon both sides of the Channel. " In England the general interests successively defeated the pretensions of private interests which profited by, or better to express it, thought to profit by everything which the restrictive system contained of prejudice to the commu nity. After a3O years' struggle, during which period the moral ascendancy was nearly always on the side of the partisans of progress, the English nation adopted as State maxims regulations which common-sense had long before pointed out and which it will suffice to enumerate to obtain the admission that they ought universally to pre vail :—ln agriculture, manufactures, shipping or commer cial branches of industry, as also in every career open to human activity, the real normal situation is that whero the great law of personal responsibility receives its application, and where, consequently every man expects profit only from his intelligence and from his exertions. It could only be by an abuse that manufacturers or proprietors could pretend to increase their profits or their revenues by com pelling their fellow citizens, by the enaction of a customs' duty, to pay for their produce more than its real value in the general market of the world. The first interest to be consulted is that of the consumer, which means everybody, and it is a necessity of public order that the producer should be incessantly stimulated by competition at home as well as abroad to give his produce good and cheap. Any branch of industry which cannot, does not know how, or will not conform to these conditions, is, from this very cause itself an onus on society, and for it to be maintained by sacrifices imposed upon the community by means of a Customs' duty or otherwise, it would be necessary for it to be recommended by very exceptional considerations of public interest. Branches of industry for which considera tions of private interest only can be advanced—and the immense majority are such—have no right to ask anything beyond the temporary relief (menagenzents) counselled by a prudent policy. " It was thus that a new commercial system was inaugu rated in Great Britain, characterised by the principle which some call free universal competition in the national market, and which others call by a name more familiar to French ears and more adapted to arouse the sympathy of enlight ened men, that of free trade (libertt comnicrciale). " This system, by the development which it gives to pro duction, by the cheapness it permanentlymaintains, spreads its blessings over every class of society, but those benefits are most evident in the working, labouring, and manu facturing classes. It would be easy to prove this logically, but there is a method of demonstration more convincing than the most correct or best-put arguments—it is that provided by experience. Now, experience has pronounced a solemn verdict on the other side of the Channel. Under the system of free trade, even imperfectly applied, from the highest step of the social ladder to the moat humble, every class has beheld an increase, the first of their brilliant opulence, the latter of their humble welfare ; the working classes especially have derived unhoped for advantages ; but what has gained more than all is the harmony of society : England at the present day is of all States that one which forms the most compact mass. Rich and poor are there sincerely united, because the poor man is a wit ness of the honesty with which the rich man, as soon as the principle of the new system was adopted by the Parlia ment, accepted it and associated himself to it heart and soul. It is no exaggeration to say that of all countries of Europe England is the least exposed to an internal revolu tion, and that sire is indebted for this to the reform which has received the name of the illustrious statesman who was its official promoter—Sir Robert Peel—after having been prepared by other men, happily still full of life, talent, and courage, at the moment we write. " In France things went differently. On the restoration of peace in 1814, the Government would have been glad to modify the rigours of a Customs' system which had only been adopted in a time of war in a revolutionary period. That idea which constantly animated the Government of the restoration and that of 1830, nevertheless, failed in making its way, not only because it met with obstinate resist ance in the Legislative Chambers, but still more because it did not find in public opinion that energetic support which was displayed on the other side of the Channel. A certain number of private interests, of which assuredly the majo rity were under a delusion, had persuaded themselves that the prohibitive system was favourable to them. They coa lesced strongly . together to perpetuate it. They even suc ceeded in drawing into their coalition the majority of large proprietors by exacting front the weakness or want of fore sight of the Covernment of the restoration of 1819 to 18 9 6, lave s of a nature to keep up the high price of the most in dispensable articles of food, as bread, meat, and others, and most th e essential raw materials, as wool, combustibles, and iron under the pretext, scarcely credible, that it was in the interest of the poor classes and for the encourage ment of labour, exertions, they Multiplying themselves by indefatigable t p i u o i n b c ey i inter marts, ese,se n e t med to form an invincible body while Government, at large, without any organise without effect. As t e i r ,, nment, made a few isolated appeals, progressed, so did the ascendancy of the Prohibitienist a ie t ipi i iear to progress with it. The brilliant success ~f tradefrieer:Great Britain had no effect upon men who had taken a entermined resolution. " Three months ago, even a very moderate reform in the Customs' tariff, however much the public interest demanded it, appeared more imp tactics:tole than ever, if only the usual means were resorted to ; so strong were the positions taken up by the Prohibitioni.ti; party. " It is under these care amstancee that the Cr of the two great nations f the west have met, both desirous of increasing;increasing; the prosperit y of their respective populations:,us both resol red to cosiesit :the peace of Europ e by drawing their alliance closer by lb e bonds of the interests of the e ;people. Eng,land, who re ;the principle of free-trade Elle caeded so well in its rest rict ed application, was disposed to put it into practice in a. complete manner, not only as re gards France, but tows rds all nations without distinction. On the side of France, the Government thought that it was its duty to free the coo: etry from the monopolies, obstacles, and causes of poverty of every description created by the prohibitive system, and which p aral y se the spirit of enter prise and the intellectus I resources of a nation so eminently ingenious and assiduous at work. After carefully studying the question it came to t he conclusion that it was time to put into practice that rul, tof political wisdom—that of the different moans equally legal of obtaining a determined re sult, it was most advisable to adopt the ono most in keep ing with public tranquillity and with public order,thatwhich incontestably offers to passions the fewest opportunities of bursting forth and troubling the State. Hence, inesitably followed that, to put an end to the prohibitive system, the measure of a treaty of commerce which was clearly indi cated by the Constitution of 1852, was far preferable to the. introduction and discussion of a project of law which might open the door to all sorts of lamentable incidents, and at least lead to indefinite delay. It was thus that the treaty of commerce between the two high centracting parties was ushered into existence. This treaty bears the stamp of the difference of the respective situations of the twe States. England, already far advanced on the path of free trade, completes the reform of her tariff with a firmness of resolu tion which has something grand about it, and will cause universal sensation. She is faithful to the end to the con sumer, who is her mariner' a compass. According to the terms of the treaty, all protective duties must be abolished in Eng land two years hence from this date ; in reality they will cease long before that as regards the majority of them. The English tariff will after then comprise only those fiscal dues established nearly always upon produce which have no equivalent in home production, as sugar, tobacco, coffee, and wine. As regards home produce, as spirits or paper, or, again, jewellery, and which the English legislator thinks it its duty to tax to assure the revenues of the State, or sub ject to a stamp duty, they will be subjected, whenthey come from abroad, to a Customs' duty, regulated according to the amount of the Excise duties themselves, with a slight aug mentation, when the case requires it, to represent the addi tional charges which result for the producer from the Excise regulations. It is thus that French brandies will pay 225 francs per hectolitre, while spirits of home manufacture will continue to pay 220 f. The difference is scarcely per ceptible. At present the duty on French brandies is 412 f. per hectolitre. It would make a long list to publish those French articles of produce which, under the new treaty, will find a market in England to the great satisfaction of the consumer, but not without opposing some categories of English manufactur ers. All articles in silk and the in numerable articles of Parisian industry, as dress, bronzes, ready-made clothes, seem likely to have a large sale on the other side of the Channel. Wines not adulterated by brandy, such as those of Bordeaux (claret) and even of Burgundy, a portion of those of the Mediterranean coast, will in future only pay a duty of 28 francs per hectolitre, instead of 158 francs. Thus a bottle of ordinary claret will cost little more in London than it does at Paris. It is no thing less than a revolution which is about to take place in the imports of France to England. A simple reading of the treaty of commerce will do away with all the objections which an attempt has been made to create in England, and which were reproduced in France in an English point of view. It was said that, by the terms in which it was drawn up the treaty shackled the liberty of England to wards other nations than France, and relatively to the alte ration or establishment of duties at home. It was also as serted that it infringed upon the very principle itself of free trade. None of those fears have any foundation. The treaty does not interfere in the slightest degree with the in ternal and external independence of England. Everything which ought to have been provided for in that respect has been provided for. As regards the exactions of the principle of free trade, a glance at the text of the treaty will suffice to show that they are scrupulously observed on the part of England, and it could not be otherwise when one of the two English negotiators was that illustrious orator, Mr. Richard Cobden, for whom Free-trade is not an opinion but a faith. " The French Government having as a starting point a tariff far more restrictive even than that of which Hu.skisson commenced the reform in 1824, and having, moreover, to deal gently with (ntenayer) prejudices which seemed deeply rooted, and which presented themselves with such small conciliating attractions. was necessarily obliged to stop con siderably short of the limits to which the English Govern ment have gone. But it is already a great progress to sweep away from our tariff the avalanches of prohibition which had been amassed there by furious hatreds under the Con vention and the Directory, and to replace them by duties at which the maximum, fixed at 30 per cent, for a first period, will be reduced to 25 on the Ist of October, 1864. It re sults, moreover, from the terms of the treaty that as the duties of 30 per cent. are maxima, they will not by any means be applicable to all merchandise indiscriminately (a leaueoup prey). "The two decimes, which in our tariff are added to all duties inscribed, will be comprised in the maxima of 30 and 2.5 per cent. The country must accustom itself to the idea that it cannot export much without importing much in re turn. We must also make up our mind to take into conside ration the public consumer, who, by a strange aberration, has hitherto been ignored as an inert body, liable to be moulded into any shape. Moreover, the customs must resume their natural destination, to provide revenues to the State, which is onlypossible, at least when manufactured articles are in question, under a system of moderate duties. The principal raw materials, and especially cotton and wool, do not figure in the treaty, because the Imperial letter has re served that subject for the Legislative Body. There is reason to believe that in this respect no objection will be made to render the enfranchisement complete. As regards coal the treaty announces a first reduction for the let of July next. Without pretending to divine the secrets of the future, it appears to us impossible that this article should not be completely enfranchised ; the interests of the manufacturing industry require it, and persons welt in formed on the subject are convinced that our mines will easily stand the trial. " In short, owing to the treaty, a first application is made to French industry of the principle of personal re sponsibility, which is the fundamental law of modern so ciety. It is done, as was necessary,:with care and caution, but it is nevertheless a decisive step. If this first step is successful, as there is no doubt it will be, it will be gra dually followed by others. And how can French industry, so intelligent and so skilful, and so often seen full of the knowledge of its strength, fear a system which has shed so many blessings not only in England, but in Switzerland, in the Zollverein—we might say everywhere—for everywhere outside France the system of a liberal tariff has been tried in different degrees since 1846, and everywhere it has suc ceeded. " Once accepted by the English Parliament, it is certain that the treaty of commerce will be the signal for a general reform of the tariffs in Europe and throughout the world. It is a signal service which the two guest nations of the West will have rendered together, and the effects of which will ever be on the increase ; but what at once assures to the treaty the support of enlightened men is that it forcibly bscomes at once a pledge of peace and amicable relations between the two powerful States whose rivalry has too mften agitated and devastated Europe, costing themselves so mach generous blood and treasure. This treaty is also a gisarantee for tho peace of the world unless there may be some sudden and unexplicable explosion of hateful prejudices which once dominated oar policy, but the return of which, despite some unpleasant rumours, we cannot credit. The whole of Europe desires peace, because she knows that peace is the condition of all progress, and Europe has given the most satisfactory and the most natural interpretation to the Treaty. Coming events cannot fail to respond to these happy auguries of the European public against sombre prognostications. How can it, in fact, be imagined that statesmen or political assemblies can be found anywhere now disposed with levity to overthrow the well-founded hopes of a peace for which the - whole world has sighed so long ?" In consequence of the great and important changes which the Commercial Treaty with France and the Chancellor of the Exchequer's Budget will have on the commerce of this country, we repeat them in The Sun of this evening. The following is the Treaty of Commerce between Her Majesty and the Emperor of the French, signed at Paris, January 23, 1860, and the ratifi cations of which were exchanged at Paris, February 4, 1860 : Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and his Majesty the Emperor of the French being equally animated with the desire to draw closer the ties of friendship which unite their two people, and wishing to improve and extend the relations of com merce between their respective dominions, have resolved to conclude a treaty for that purpose, and have named as their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say : Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom if Great Britain and Ireland, the Most Hon. Henry Richard Charles Earl Cowley, Viscount Dangan, Baron Cowley, a Peer of the United Kingdon, a Member of Her Britannic Majesty's Privy Council, Knight Grand Cross of the Most Hon. Order of the Bath, Her Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of the French, and Richard Cobden, Esq., a member of the British Parliament. His Majesty the Emperor of the French, M. Baroche, Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour, &c., a Member of his Privy Council, President of his Council of State, provisionally charged with the De partment of Foreign Affairs, and M. Rouher, Grand Officer of the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour, &c., Senator, his Minister and Secretary of State for the De partment of Agriculture, Commerce, and Public Works. 'Who, after having communicated to each other their re spective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles : ARTICI. I. His Majesty the Emperor of the French engages that on the following articles of British production and manufac • ture, imported from the United Kingdom into France, the duties shall in no case exceed 30 per cent, ad valorem, the two additional decimes included. The articles are as follows : Refined sugar. Turmeric in powder. Rock crystal worked. Iron forged in lumps or prisms. Brass wire (copper alloyed with zinc), polished or unpo lished of every description. Chymical productions, enumerated or non-enumerated. Extracts of dye-woods. Garancine. Common soap of every description, and perfumed soap. Stoneware and earthenware, fine and common. China and porcelain-ware. Glass, crystal, mirrors, and plate-glass. Cotton yarn. Worsted and woollen yarn of every description. Yarns of flax and hemp. Yarns of hair, enumerated or non enumerated. Cotton manufactures, enumerated or non-enumerated. Horsehair manufactures, enumerated or non-enumerated. Worsted and woollen manufactures. enumerated or non enumerated. Cloth list. Manufactures of hair. Silk manufactures. Manufactures of waste and floss silk. Manufactures of bark and all other vegetable fibres, enu merated or non-enumerated. Manufactures of flax and hemp. Mixed manufactures of every description. Hosiery. Haberdashery and small wares. Manufactures of caoutchouc and g•uttapercha, pure or mixed. Articles of clothing, wholly or in part made up. • • Prepared Skins. Articles of every sort manufactured from leather or skins, included or not under the denomination of small wares, fine or common. Plated articles of every description. Cutlery. Metal wares, whether enumerated or not. Pig and cast-iron of every description, without distinction of weight. Bar a,nd wrought-iron, with the exception of the kinds specified in Article XVII. Steel. Machinery, tools, and mechanical instruments of every descriptio n . Carriages on spr i ngs, ti o Brandies wines,r ; a n wd cherries,oi r e k s e a d n i d moor s r lay, lasses, ai r i a s n tss d e si w ,n lined and painted. Cabinet-war e , carved work, and turnery of every descrip or rice. o cl o u d d . ing those not distilled from Ships and boats. With respect to refined sugar and chymical productions THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 13, 160. of which salt is the basis, the Excise or Inland duties shall be added to the amount of the above specified duties. ARTICLE 11. His Imperial Majesty engages to reduce the import duties in France on British, coal and soke to the amount of The. for the hundred kilogrammes, with the addition of the two deci me 3. His Majesty the Emperor also engages, within four years from the date of the ratification of the present treaty, to establish upon the importation of coal and coke by land and by sea a uniform duty, which shall not exceed' that which is fixed by the preceding paragraph. • ARTICLE 111. It is understood that the rates of duty mentioned in the preceding articles are independent of the differential duties in favour of French shipping, with which duties they shall not interfere. ARTICLE IV. The duties of ad valorem stipulated in the present treaty shall be calculated on the value at the place of production or fabrication of the object imported, with the addition of the cost of transport. insurance, and commission necessary for the importation into France, as far as the port of dis charge. For the levying of these duties the importer shall make a written declaration at the Custom-house, stating the value and description of the goods imported. If the Cus tom-house authorities shall be of opinion that the declared value is insufficient, they shall be at liberty to take the goods on paying to the importer the price declared, with an addition of 5 per cent. This payment, togethea with the restitution of any duty which may have been levied upon such goods, shall be made within 15 days following the declaration. ARTICLE V. Her Britannic Majesty engages to recommend to Parlia ment to enable her to abolish the duties of importation on the following atticles ! Sulphuric acid, and other mineral acids. Agates and coraelians, set. Lucifers of every description. Percussion caps. Arms of every description. Jewels, set. Toys. Corks. Brocade of gold and silver. Embroideries and needlework of every description. Brass and bronze manufactures, and bronzed metal. Canes, walking canes or sticks, umbrella or parasol sticks mounted, painted, or otherwise ornamented. Hats, of whatever substance they may be made. Gloves, stockings, socks, and other articles of cotton or linen, wholly or in part made up. Leather manufactures. Lace manufactured of cotton, wool, silk, or linen. Manufactures of iron and steel. Machinery and mechanical instruments, tools, and other instruments. Cutlery and other articles of steel, iron, or cast iron. Fancy ornaments of steel and iron. Articles covered with copper by galvanic process. Millinery and artificial flowers. Raw fruits. Gloves and other leather articles of clothing. Manufactures of caoutchouc and gutta peraha. Oils. Musical instruments. Worsted and woollen shawls, plain, printed, or patterned. Coverlids, woollen gloves, and other worsted and woollen manufactures not enumerated. Handkerchiefs and other manufactures not enumerated, of linen and hemp. Perfumery ; cabinet ware, carved work, and turnery of every description. Clocks, watches, and opera-glasses. Manufactures of lead, enumerated or not enumerated. Feathers, dressed or not. Goat's and other hair manufactures. China and porcelain ware. Stone and earthenware. Gra. Sulphate of quinine. Salts of morphine. Manufactures of silk, or of silk mixed with any other materials, of whatever description they may be. Articles not enumerated in the tariff, now paying an ad v a lorem duty of 10 per cent. ; subject , however, to such measures of precaution as the protection of the public reve nue may require, against the introduction of materials liable to Custom or Excise duties, in the composition of ar ticles admitted duty free in virtue of the present paragraph. ARTICLE VI. Her Britannic Majesty engages also to propose to Parlia ment that the duties on the importation of French wine be at once reduced to a rate not exceeding 3s. a gallon, and that from the let April, 1861, the duties on importation shall be regulated as follows :- 1. On wine containing less that 15 degrees of proof spirit verified by Sykes's hydrometer the duty shall not exceed Is. a gallon. 2. On wine containing from 15 to 26 degrees the duty shall not exceed ls. 6d. a gallon. 3. On wine containing from 26 to 40 degrees the duty shall not exceed 2s a gallon. 4. On wine in bottles the duty shall not exceed 2e. a gallon. 5. Wine shall not be imported at any other ports than those which shall be named for that purpose before the pre sent treaty shall come into force, her Britannic Majesty re serving to herself the right of substituting other ports for those which shall have been originally named, or of in creasing the number of them. The duty fixed upon the importation of wine at ports other than those named shall be 2s. a gallon. 6. Her Britannic Majesty reserves to herself the power, notwithstanding the provisions of this article, to fix the maximum amount of proof spirit which may be contained in liquor declared as wine, without, however, the maximum being lower than 37 degrees. ARTICLE VII. Her Britannic Majesty promises to recommend to Parlia ment to admit into the United Kingdom merchandise im ported from France at a rate of duty equal to the Excise duty which is or shall be imposed upon articles of the same description in the United Kingdom. At the same time the duty chargeable upon the importation of such merchandise may be augmented by such a sum as shall be an equivalent for the expenses which the system of Excise may entail upon the British producer. ARTICLE VIII. • In accordance with the preding article, her Britannic Majesty undertakes to recommend to Parliament the admis sion into the United Kingdom of brandies and spirits im ported from France at a duty exactly equal to the Excise duty levied upon home-made spirits, with the addition of a surtax of 2d. a gallon, which will make the actual duty pay able on French brandies and spirits Bs. 2d. the gallon. Her Britannic Majesty also undertakes to recommend to Parliament the admission of ruin and tafia imported from the French colonies at the same duty which is or shall be levied on these same articles imported from the British colonies. Her Britannic Majesty undertakes to recommend to Par liament the admission of paper-hangings imported from France at a duty equal to the excise tax—that is to say, at 14s. per cwt. ; and cardboard of the same origin at a duty which shall not exceed 15s. per cwt. Her Britannic Majesty further undertakes to recommend to Parliament the admission of geld and silver plate, im ported from France at a duty equal to the stamp or excise duty which is charged on British gold and silver plate. ARTICLE IX. It is understood between the two high contracting Powers that if one of them thinks it necessary to establish an excise tax or inland duty upon any article of home production or manufacture which is comprised among the preceding enu merated articles the foreign imported article of the same description may be immediately liable to an equivalent duty on importation. It is equally understood between the high contracting Powers that in case the British Government should deem it necessary to increase the Excise duties levied upon home made spirits the duties on the importation of wines may be modified in the following manner : For every increase of le. per gallon of spirits on the Excise duty there may be on wines which pay Is. 6d. duty an augmentation not exceeding ltd. per gallon; and on wines which pay 2s. an augmentation not exceeding 21d. per gallon. tion which shall not at [the same time be applicable to all other nations. • ARTICLE XX. • The present Treaty shall not be valid unless her Britani lic Majesty shall ba authorised by the assent of her Parliament to execute the arrangements contracted by her in the articles of the present Treaty. ARTICLE XXI. The present Treaty shall remain in force for the space of i 0 years, to date from the day of the exchangg of ratifications, and in case neither of the high contracting Powers shall have notified to the other, 12 months before the expiration of tl►e said period of ten years, the intention to put an end to its operation, the Treaty shall continue in force for another year, and so on from year to year until the expira tion of a year, counting from the day on which one or other of the high contracting Powers shall have announced its in tention to put an end to it. The high contracting, Powers reserve to themselves the right to introduce by common consent into this Treaty any modification which is not opposed to its spirit and prin ciples, and the utility of which shall have been shown by ex perience. ARTICLE XXII. The present Treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Paris within the period of 15 days, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed it, and affixed thereto the seal of their arms. Done in duplicate at Paris, the 23d day of January, in the year of our Lord 1860 (L.S.) COWLEY. (L.S.) RICHARD COBDEN. (L.S.) V. BA ROCHE. (L•S.) F. ROUHER. THE BUDGET. RESOLUTIONS TO BE PROPOSED IN COMMIT TEE OF WAYS AND MEANS, BY THE CHAN CELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER. 1. CONTRACT NOTES.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, the exemption from stamp duty contained in the Schedule to the Act 55 Geo. 111., chapter 184, and also in the Schedule to the Act 56 Geo. 111., chapter 56, in the following words, that is to say, " Memo randum, letter, or agreement made for or relating to the sale of any goods, wares, or merchandise," shall be re pealed ; and there shall be charged and paid for and upon every note or memorandum, commonly called a contract note, for or relating to the sale or purchase of any goods, wares, or merchandise, or of any stocks, funds, or securities, or share or shares of or in any joint stock or other public company, and for and upon every agreement under hand only, letter, minute, or memorandum made by the vendor or purehaser, or any person on their behalf respectively, for or relating to the sale or purchase of any goods, matters, or things as aforesaid, the stamp duty of ld. 2. Docx WARRANTS.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, for and upon any warrant or docu ment commonly called a dock warrant, or document, by whatever name the same shall be designated, entitling or intended to entitle any person therein named, or his as signs, or the holder thereof, to the property in any goods, wares, or merchandise lying in any dock or warehouse, or upon any wharf ; and also for and upon every transfer of any such warrant, writing, or document as aforesaid, there shall be charged the stamp duty of 3d. 3. BILLS, DRAFTS, OR ORDERS.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, all bills, drafts, or orders for the payment of any sum of money, though not made payable to the bearer or to order, and whether delivered to the payer or not; and all writings or documents entitling or intended to entitle to the payment of any sum of money any person whatever, whether named or designated therein or not, or whether delivered to him or not, shall respectively be deemed to be bills, drafts, or orders for the payment of money chargeable with stamp duty as if the same had been made payable to bearer or to order. 4. EXTRACTS—BIRTHS ' DEATHS, &C.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, for and upon every certified copy or extracts of or from any register of births, deaths, or marriages, there shall be charged the stamp duty of Id. 5. COST Boox.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, for and upox every note, instrument, or writing requesting or authorising the purser or other officer of any mining company conducted on the cost book system, to enter in the cost book any transfer of any share or part of a share in any mine, or any notice to such purser or officer of any such transfer as aforesaid, there shall be charged and paid the stamp duty of 6d s s 6. HERITABLE BONDS.—That towards raising the sup ply granted to her Majesty, money secured on heritable property in Scosland, and money secured by Scotch bonds in favour of heirs and assignees, excluding executors, shall be held and interpreted to be moveable property, and shall be included in any inventory to be exhibited and recorded in any Commissary Courtin Scotland of the estate and effects of any person deceased entitled thereto, and in England and Ireland respectively shall be deemed to be estate and effects for or in respect whereof any probate of will or letters of administration shall be granted ; and every such inven tory, probate, and letters of administration shall be charge able with stamp duty in respect of such moveable property. 7. AGREEMENTS.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, the respective stamp ditties now chargeable upon any agreement, or any minute or memo randum of an agreement, made in England or Ireland under hand only, or made in Scotland without any clause of regis tration, and not otherwise charged nor expressly exempted from all stamp duty, where the matter thereof shalt be of the value of £2O or upwards, whether the same shall be only evidence of a contract or obligatory upon the parties from its being a written instrument, together with every schedule; receipt, or other matter put or endorsed thereon, or annexed thereto, shall cease ; and in lieu thereof there shall be charged for and upon every such agreemeht, minute, or memorandum as aforesaid, whether the matter thereof shall or shall not be of the value of £2O cc upwards, the stamp duty of 6d. And where the same shall contain 2,160 words, then for every entire quantity of 1,080 words contained therein over and above the first 1,080 words, a further progressive duty of 6d. Provided always, that where divers letters shall be offered in evidence.to prove any agreement between the parties who shall have written such letters, it shall be sufficient if any of such letters shall be stamped with a duty of Is. 8. BUILDING SOcurriEs.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, any exemption from stamp duty granted or conferred by the Acts and 7 Nviniam Iv. chapter 32, for the regulation of Benefit building Societies other than the exemptions contained in section 8 of the said Act shall cease and be repealed. 9. AGREEMENTS FOR. LEASES.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, every agreement for a lease or tack of any lands, tenements, hereditaments or heritable subjects, and every agreement, minute, or memorandum of agreement, containing the terms and con ditions on which any lands, tenements, hereditaments, or heritable subjects are let, held, or occupied, shall be charge able with the stamp duty, payable on a lease or tack for the term, rent, consideration, and conditions mentioned in such agreement, minute, or memorandum. And any lease or tack of the same lands, tenements, hereditamentt, or here table subjects, afterwards made in pursuance of, and con formably to, any such agreement, minute, or memorandum, which shall have actually paid the duty payable on such lease or tack as aforesaid, shall not be chargeable with any higher stamp duty than 2s. 6d. exclusive of progressive duty. Provided always that where any such lease or tack would, but for the last preceding provision, be liable to any higher rate of stamp duty than 2s 6d. (exclusive as afore said), such lease or tack shall not be available unless stamped with a particular stamp for denoting or testifying the payment of the full and proper stamp duty on such agreement, minute, or memorandum as aforesaid, which said particular stamp shall be impressed upon such lease or tack on the same being produced, together with such agree ment, minute, or memorandum, and on the whole being duly executed or signed, and duly stamped in all other respects. 10. PROBATE DUTY.—POWERS OP APPOINTMENT. — That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, the stamp duties payable by law upon probates of wills and letters of administration, with a will annexed, in England and Ireland, and upon inventories in Scotland, shall be levied and paid in respect of all the personal or moveable estate and effects which any person hereafter dying shall have disposed cf by will under any aithority enabling such person to dispose of the same as he or she shall think fit. 11. MALT CREDIT.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, the time limited for payment of the duty of excise on malt by every maltster or maker of malt, who shall have given security in the manner directed by the act passed in that behalf, in respect of all malt begun to be made on or after the Ist day of October, 1860, shall be six weeks in lieu of twelve weeks, after the making of such account or return of duty as in the said act is men tioned. 12. HOPS.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, in lieu of the duties of Excise now payable on hops growing or to grow in Great Britain, there shall be charged the following rate of daty (that is to say) 7—For every pound weight avoirdupois of such hops which shall be cured and made fit for use, the duty of three halfpence ; such duty to be paid by the owner or possessor of such hops, and to be payable• on the first day of January next after the curing thereof, 13. CHICORY.—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, there shall be charged and paid upon chicory, or any other vegetable matter applicable to the uses of chicory or coffee, grown in the United Kingdom, for every hundredweight thereof, raw or kiln-dried, until the Ist day of April, 1861, the duty of 35., and on and after that day the duty of 65., and so in proportion for any greater or less quantity than a hundredweight. 14. GAME—LICENSES TO KILL.--That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, the duties contained in schedule (L) of the several Acts 48 Geo. 3, chap. 55, and 52 Geo. 3, chap. 93, and payable in respect of killing game, and also the further additional duty payable in respect of the same under the Act 3 Vic., chap. 17, sec. 8, shall cease and determine on the sth day of April, 1860 ; and in lieu thereof there shall be charged and paid the following duties (that is to say) : For a license to be taken put by every person who shall use any dog, gun, net, or other engine for the purpose of taking or killing any game whatever, or any woodcock, snipe, quail, or landrail, or any conies, or shall take or kill, by any means whatever, or shall assist in any manner in the taking or killins t by any means whatever, any game, or any woodcock, snipe, quail, or landrail, or any coney— If such person shall be a servant to any person £ s. d duly charged to the duties of assessed taxes in respect of such servant, and shall be act ing by virtue of any deputation or appoint ment, duly resistered or entered as game keeper for ans manor or royalty in Eng land, Wales, or Berwick-upon-Tweed, or for any lands in Scotland And if such person shall not be such servant acting as aforesaid, then — If the license shall be taken out after the sth day of April, and tefore the Ist day of October in any year ' Or if the same shall be taken out on or after the Ist day of October, and before the Ist'day of December in any year Or if: the same shall be taken out on or after the Ist day of December in any year, and before the 6th day of April in the following year , 1 0 0 15. EA TING Hoss r.s.—E very person who shall, in any house, room, shop, or building, Sell any victuals or refresh ment, to be consumed on the premises where the same shall be sold (except beer, cider, wine, and spirits respectively sold under a properlicense ito that behalf) ; and every per son who shall keep open any house, room, shop, or building for the consumption therein by the public of any victual or refreshment (except as aforesaid), although the-same shall not be sold therein, shall respectively be deemed to keep a refreshment-house, and shall, unless he shall be duly licensed by the justices to keep a common inn, alehouse, Or victual ling-house on the same premises, take out a license to keep a refreshment-house; and every such license shall be charged with the respective duties following, that is to say, for every Meuse to keep a refreshment house : If the house and promises shall be under the rent and value of £25 a year And if the same shall be of the rent or value of £25 a year or upwards refregliment.liottse ; 1 144 desirous of selling beer or wine, And if any person who shall take out s Re mise t o k ee p a or beer and wine, by retail, to be consumed therein, a license shall be Granted to him for.that purpose on payment 1 7 6 £ a. d. 3 0 0 2 0 0 of the respective duties following, that is to say, for every such license to sell beer only, or wine only : If the house and premises shall be under the rent and value of £25 a year And if the same shall be of the rent or value of £25 a year or upwards And for every such license to sell both beer and wine,— If the house and premises shall be under the rent and value of £25 a-year And if the same shall be of tho rent or value of £25 a-year, or upwards 8 0 0 Provided always, That no license for which the forego ing, duties shall be paid shall authorise any person to keep open any refreshment-house after the hour of 12 o'clock at midnight, or to open the same before the hour of four o'clock in the morning. And for every such license as aforesaid which shall au thorise any person to keep open any refreshment-house after the hour of 12 o'clock at midnight, and to open the same before the hour of four o'clock in the morning, there shall be charged and paid double the rates of duty afore said respectively. 16. P Armt Dv'rY.—That on and after the Ist July, 1860, all duties of Excise on paper, button-board, mill board, paste-board, and scale-board, made in the United Kingdom, and all drawbacks and allowances in respect thereof, shall cease and be repealed. 17. INCOME TAX—That towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, there shall be charged, collected, and paid, for one year, commencing on the 6th day of April, 1860, for and in respect of all property, profits, and gains, charged or chargeable under the act passed in the 16th and 17th years of her Majesty's reign, chapter 31, for grant ing to her Majesty duties on profits arising from property, professions, trades, and offices, either by assessment, con tract of composition, or otherwise, the following rates and duties, that is to say : upon any assessment on the annual value or amount of any property, profits, or gains (except property, profits, and gains chargeable under Schedule (B) of the said act), the rate or duty of tenpence for every twenty shillings of the annual value or amount of all such pro perty, profits, and gains respectively ; and for and in re spect of the occupation of lands, tenements, hereditament', and heritages chargeable under Schedule (B) of the said act, the rate or duty of fivepence in England, and of three pence halfpenny in Scotland and Ireland respectively, for every twenty shillings of the annual value thereof. RESOLUTIONS TO BE PROPOSED IN COMMIT TEE ON CUSTOMS ACTS BY THE CHANCEL LOR OF THE EXCHEQUER. 1. RESOLUTION IMPOSING A DUTY ON CHICORY, AMY 011 KILN-DRlED.—ltesolved, that the following duty of customs shall be charged on the article undermentioned on importation into the United Kingdom, on and after the 11th February, 1860, viz. :—Chicory, or any other vegetable matter applicable to the uses of chicory or coffee, viz.—Raw or kiln-dried Os. the cwt.—Agreed to in com mittee on Friday, 10th February. 2. WiNu Dun Es.— Resolved, —'hat in Hess of the duties and drawbacks of Customs now charged or allowed on the articles undermentioned the following duties shall be charged thereon, on importation into the United King dom, viz. :—Until the 31st day of March, 1861, inclusive. —Wine of and from Foreign Countries—Red, the gallon, 3s. ; white, the gallon, 3s. ; lees of such wine, the gallon, 3s. With an allowance for di awback on exportation until the said 31st day of March, 1861, inclusive, of 3s. per gal lon on such wino exported or used as ships' stores, but that no drawback be granted on lees of wine ; and with an al lowance of drawback to licensed dealers in wine who have complied with the provisions of the minute of the Lords of the Treasury, dated the 7th July, 1843, on the foreign wino which they have had in stock on the 10th February, 1860, on the conditions of the said minute, at the rate of 2s. 9d. per gallon. On and after the Ist day of April, 1861: Wine of and from Foreign Countries — Red the gallon White Lees of such Wine „ Wine the growth and pro duce )f any British posses sion, and imported direct from thence— Red the gallon White Lees of such Wine „ Containinf,r less than the following rates of proof spirit, verified by Sykes' Ilydronietor, viz.: 15 deg. s. d. 1 0 1 0 1 0 26 deg. s. d. 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 0 1 0 1 0 40 deg. s. d. 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 .1 0 .1 X • ^' s. d. 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 ARTICLE X. The two high contracting parties reserve to themselves the power of levying upon all articles mentioned in the pre • sent treaty, or upon any other article, landing or shipping dues, in order to pay the expenses of all necessary establish ments at the ports of importation end exportation. But in all that relates to local treatment, the dues and charges in the ports, basins, locks, roadsteads, harbours, and rivers of the two countries, the privileges, favours, or advantages which are or shall be granted to national vessels generally, or to 'the goods imported or exported in them, shall be equally granted to the vessels of the other country, and to the goods imported or exported in them. ARTICLE X I. The two high contracting Powers engage not to prohibit the exportation of coal, and to levy no duty upon such ex portation. ARTICLE XII. The subjects of one of the two high contracting Powers shall in the dominions of the other enjoy the same protec tion as native subjects in regard to the rights of property in trademarks and in patterns of every description. ARTICLE XIII. The ad valorem duties established within the limits fixed by the preceding articles shall be converted into specific duties by a supplementary convention, which shall be con cluded before the Ist of July, 1860. The medium prices during the six months preceding the date of the present treaty shall be taken as the bases for this conversion. Duties shall, however, be levied in conformity with the base above established :- 1. In the event of this supplementary convention not having come into force before the expiration of -the period fixed for the execution by France of the present treaty ; 2. Upon those articles the specific duties on which shall not have been settled by common consent. ARTICLE XIV. The present treaty shall be binding for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland so soon as the necessary legisla tive sanction shall have been given by Parliament, with the reserve made in Article VI. respecting wines." • Further, her Britannic Majesty reserves to herself the power of retaining, upon special grounds, and by way of exception, during a period not exceeding two years, dating from the Ist of April, 1860, half of the duties on those articles, the free ad mission of which is stipulated by the present treaty. This rekerVe, however, does not apply to articles of silk manufacture, ARTICLE XV. • The engagements contracted by his. Majesty the Emperor of the French shall be fulfilled, and the tariffs previously in-. dicated as payable on British goods and manufactures shall be applied within the following periods • 1. For coal and coke, from the Ist of July, 1860. 2. For bar and pig iron, and for steel of the kinds which are not subject to prohibition, from the Ist of October, 1840. • :1. For woriced metals, machines, tools, and mechanical in struments of all sorts, within a period which shall not, exceed the :Bat of December, ISiio. 4. For yarns and manufactures in flax and hemp, from the . Ist of June, is il• 5. And for all other articles from the Ist of October, 18G1. ARTICLE XVI. • Ills Majesf the Emperor of the Preach engages that the ad valorem duties payable .on the importation into France of merchan - dise of British production and manutitcture, shall not exceed amaximunt or 25 per cent. from the ISt of OctOber, 1861. ARTICLE XVII. It is understood between the two high contracting Powers, as an element of the conversion of the ad valorem duties into specific d uties, that for ills kludso r f a b n a c r e i t r o on a l d vl i i a t y cb o ar io a f t p n r o e t se in n! subiected on importa tion into v eluding the two additional declines, the duty shall be 7f, on every No kilogrammes until the Ist of October, 1854, and Of. from that period, including in both cases the two additional deeimes, ARTICLE XVIII. The arrangements of the present Treaty of Commerce are applicable to Algeria, both for the exportation of her pro duce and for the importation of British goods. ARTICLE XIX. Each of the two high contracting Powers engages to confer on the other any favour, privilege, or reduction in the tariff of duties of importation on the articles mentioned in the present Treaty which the said Power may concede to any third Power. They further engage not to enforce one against the other any prohibition of importation or exporta- 3. SPIRIT DuTiEs.—Resolved, that in lieu of the duties of customs now charged on the articles undermentioned, the following duties shall be charged thereon, on importa tion into the United Kingdon, viz.—Spirits or strong waters, not being sweetened or mixed with any article so that the degree of strength thereof cannot be ascertained by Sykes' hydrometer, for every gallon of the strength of proof by such hydrometer, and so in proportion for any greater or less strength than the strength of proof, and for any greater or less quantity than a gallon, Bs. 2d. the gal lon. Other spirits, being sweetened or mixed so that the degree of strength cannot be ascertained as aforesaid, and perfumed spirits to be used as perfumery only, 12s. the gallon. Spirits or strong waters imported into the United Kingdom, mixed with any ingredient, and, although thereby coining under some other denomination, except varnish, shall nevertheless be deemed to be spirits or strong waters, and be subject to duty as such. Water, Cologne, the flask (thirty of such flasks containing not more than one gallon), sd. each. When not in flasks, as perfumed spirits, 12s. the gallon. 4. ARTICLES TO RE 144.1.111 E FREE OP DUTY (UNDER TREATY).—Resolved,—That the duties of Customs charge able upon the goods, wares, and merchandise hereinafter mentioned, imported into the United Kingdom, shall cease and determine, viz. : Agates, or cornelians, set. Apples, raw. Do. of and from British possessions, Arms, as denominated in the tariff. Brass, manufactures of. Brocade of gold. Do. of §..ilvor. Bronze, ms►anufactures of, or of metal bronzed or lac quered. Canes, walking canes or sticks, mounted, painted, or otherwise ornamented. Do. umbrella and parasol sticks. Caoutchouc, manufactures of. Cherries, raw. China or porcelain ware, plain, painted, gilt, and orna mented. Clocks, as denominated in the tariff. Corks, ready made, and squared for rounding, after the 31st March, 1861. Cotton manufactures, as denomineted in the tariff. Earthenware, not otherwise enumerated or described. Embroidery and needlework, as denominated in the tariff. Feathers, as denominated in the tariff. Flowers, artificial. Fruit, raw, not otherwise enumerated. Grapes. Gutta percha, manufactures of, not moulded. Do, articles moulded. Hair, manufactures of hair or goat's wool, or of hair or goat's wool and any other material, wholly or in part made up. Hats or bonnets, viz.:-- Of chip Of bast, cane, or horsehair after 31st March, 1861. Of straw Of hair, wool, or beaver. Of felt. Hats of silk shag, laid upon felt, linen, or other material. Iron and steel, wrought or manufactured, viz.: machi nery, wrought castings, tools, cutlery, and other manufac tures of iron or steel not enumerated. Do., fancy ornamental articles of iron or steel. Do., manufactures of, coated with brass or copper by any galvanic procoss. Jewels, emeralds, and other precious stones, set. Lace and articles thereof, as denominated in the tariff. Lead, manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated. Leather manufactures (except gloves), as denominated in the tariff. Do. gloves, after the Ist February, 18G1. Linen, or linen and cotton manufactures, as denominated in. the tariff. Lucifers of wood. Do. of wax. Medlars. Morphia and its salts. Musical instruments, as denominated in the tariff. Oil of almonds. Do. bays Do., chemical, essential, or perfumed, as denominated in the tariff. Opera glasses, single or double. Pears, raw. Percussion caps. Perfumery, not otherwise enumerated. . Quinces. Quinine, sulphate of. Silk, millinery, or manufactures of silk, or of silk and any other material, as denominated in the tariff. Stays and corsets, of linen or of cotton, or of linen and cotton mixed. Sulphuric acid. Toys, viz.: marbles. All other toys. Turnery. - Watches, as denominated in the tariff. Woollens, viz.: manufactures of wool, or wool mixed with cotton, as denominated in the tariff. Goods, being either in part or wholly manufactured, and nut being enumerated or described, nor otherwise charged with duty, and not prohibited to be imported into or used in great Britain or Ireland ; but if any such.goods shall be composed of any article liable to duty, as a part or ingre dient thereof, then such goods shall be chargeable with the full duty payable on such article, or if com posed of more than one article liable to duty, then with the full duty payable on the article charged 'with the highest rate of duty. 5. Resolution reducing the duty on corks, hats, and gloves (under treaty). Resolved, That in lieu of the duties of Customs now chargeable on the undermentioned articles on their importation into Great Britain and Ireland, the following duties shall be charged until the days hereinafter mentioned, and that from and after those days the duties shall cease and determine, viz, Until the 31st day of March, 1861, inclusive. Corks, viz.—Ready made the lb. 0 3 Squared for rounding the cwt. 4 0 Hats or bonnets, viz.— Of chip Of bast, cane, or horsehair.... the lb. 1 3 Of straw the lb. 1 3 Until the Ist day of February, 1861, inclusive. Leather manufactures, viz.— Gloves of leather. the dozen pairs 1 2 Do. gloves Men's gloves Women's gloves or mitts 6. Articles to be made free of duty (not under treaty). Resolved,—That the duties of Customs chargeable upon the goods, wares, and merchandise hereinafter mentioned, imported into the United Kingdom, shall cease and deter mine, viz. Almonds, not Jordan nor bitter. Do., Jordan. Ammunition, as denominated in the tariff. Apples, dried., Baskets. Beads, as denominated in the tariff . Books, as denominated in the tariff. Boxes, viz. brass. Do, not otherwise charged with duty. Tittttor. Do, of and from a British possession. Candles, as denominated in the twill'. Capers, including the pickle. Caeeie Ligmea, Chotdo, . COUNTRY MARKBTS LIVERPOOL-FEB. 11. There was a fair attendance at our market this mulling of distant buyers, and though the business passing is not positively active, a good and regular consumption goes for ward in wheat, flour, Indian corn, and most other articles of the trade, the general tendency of prices being slightly upward. Do. of and from a British possession. Chloroform. Cinnamon. Cloves. Coculus Indicus. tipper, manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated or described, and copper plates engraved. Coral negligees. Daguerreotype Plates. Dates. Eggs. Do. of and from a British possession. Extracts, as denominated in the tariff. Ginger. Glass, flint cut glass, flint coloured glass, and fancy OMII - glass of whatever kind. Gongs. Grains, Guinea and of Paradise. Japanned or lacquered ware. Liquorice paste. Do. do. of and from British possessions. Do. powder. Do. do. of and from British possessions. Do. juice. Mace. Millboards. Mustard, flour. Do. mixed or manufactured, except flour. Nutmegs, as denominated in the tariff. Nuts, small nuts. Do. walnuts. Nux Vomica. Oilcloth. Onions. Opium. Oranges and Lemons. Paper, as denominated in the tariff. Pasteboard. Pears, dried. Pewter, manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated. Pimento. Platting, as denominated in the tariff, after the 31st March, 1861. Pornaturn. Prints and drawings, as denominated in the tariff. Quassia. Salacine. Sauces, not otherwise enumerated. Scaleboards. Seeds, Caraway. Do., of and from British possessions. Ships, foreign built, broken up, or sold to be broken up or abandoned by the owners, or sold as wreck, whether afterwards recovered or repaired or not. Soap, as denominated in the Tariff. Soy. Spa ware. Spelter or zinc, manufactures of not otherwise enumerated. Stearine. Tallow. Do. of and from British possessions. Tin-foil. Do. manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated. Veneers. Washing balls. Wood, firewood. Yarn, viz., woollen or worsted, as denominated in the tariff. 7. REDYCING THE Dl:Tir ON PLATTING NOT CNDER TREATY. Resolved—That in lieu of the Duties of Customs now chargeable on the undermentioned articles on their impor tation into Great Britain and Ireland, the following duties shall be charged until the 31st March, 1861, inclusive ; and that from and after that date the Duties shall cease and determine ; Platting, viz., of chip, not being of greater value s. d. than 6d per piece of 60 yards the ii. 0 3 Do., or other manufactures of straw, chip, or other materials, to be used in, or proper for making or ornamenting hats or bonnets, not otherwise inn _ merated or Charged with duty Do., C ordonet, single and twist, of straw or other :als matsri, 1 0 0 3 D;;,WiIIOW, squares the cwt. 5 0 8. GENERAL ALTERATIONS OF DUTY—WOOD, CUE RANTS, FIGS, &C., (NOT UNDER TREATY). Resolved—That in lieu of the duties of Customs now chargeable on the articles undermentioned, imported into the United Kingdom, the following duties shall be charged : s. d. Plate of gold the oz. troy 17 0 Do. silver, gilt or ungilt 1 6 Powder, viz.— Hair Powder the cwt. 0 41 Perfumed Vermicelli and Maccaroni Wood and timber, viz.— Timber or wood, not being deals, battens, boards, staves, handspikes, oars, lathwood, or other tim ber or wood sawn, split, or otherwise dressed, except hewn, and not being timber or wood otherwise charged with duty, the load of 50 cubic feet _ _ _ Of and from British possession■ the load of 50 cubic feet Deals, battens, boards, or other timber or wood sawn, or split, and not otherwise charged with duty, the load of 50 cubic feet Of and from British possessions, the load of 50 cubic feet Staves exceedine. 72 inches in length, 7 inches in breadth, or 3 inches in thickness, the load of 50 cubic feet Of and from British possessions, the load of 50 cubic feet Handspikes, not exceeding 7 feet in length.. the 120 0 6 Of and from British possessions l2O 0 6 Do. exceeding 7 feet in length Of and from British possessions.... Knees, under 5 inches square Of and from British possessions l2O 0 3 Do. 5 and under 8 inches square .. 120 1 0 Of and from British possessions ... 120 1 0 Lathwood the fathom of 216 cubic feet 1 0 Of and from British possessions, of 216 cubic feet 1 0 Oars Of and from British possessions l2O 3 9 Spars or pules, under 213 feet in length, and under 4 inches in diameter the 120 0 6 Of and from British possessions l2O 0 6 Do. 22 feet in length and upwards, and under 4 inches in diameter the 120 1 0 Of and from British possessions l2O 1 0 Do. of all lengths, 4 and under 6 inches in diame ter Of and from British possessions l2O 2 0 Spokes for wheels, not exceeding 2ft in length 1,000 1 0 Of and from British possessions Do., exceeding 2 feet in length — 2 0 Of and from British possessions Planed, or otherwise dressed or prepared for use, and not particularly enumerated or otherwise charged with duty, for every £lOO value £5 0 0 Of and from British possessions, do s. d. Currants Figs Fig cake Hops l5 0 Raisins 7 0 9. REPEALING THE PROHIBITION TO THE IMPORTATION Or MALT, AND FIXING A DUTY THEREON. Resolved—That so much of Act 16 and 17th Vic., cap. 107, sec 44, as prohibits the importation of Malt, be repealed and that the following Duty be charged thereon, on im portation into the United Kingdom, viz.:— s. d. Malt • .per bushel 3 0 10. TEA AND SUGAR DUTlES.—Resolved, that the duties and drawbacks of Customs now charged and allowed on the articles undermentioned shall continue to be levied, charged, and allowed, on and after the Ist of April, 1860, until the Ist of July, 1861, on importation into the United Kingdom or on exportation therefrom to foreign parts, or on removal to the Isle of Man for consumption therein, viz.:— Tea ; Sugar, as denominated in the tariff; Molasses ; Cherries, ed ; Comfits, dry ; Confectionary ; Ginger, preserved • Marmalade ; Plums, preserved in sugar ; Sire eades, including all fruits and vegetables preserved in sugar not otherwise enumerated. 11. IMPORT AND EXPORT CHARGE OF ID. ON GOODS IN PACKAGES AND IN BT.lLK.—Resolved, that iu aid of the charges of the Customs establishments incident to the im portation and exportation of goods, and to the statistical accounts there shall be charged (irrespective of any duties of customs or other rates or charges payable by law) upon the articles hereinafter mentioned, on the landing and shipping thereof for importation into or exportation from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the respective rates and charges following, viz.:— Goods, is packages or parcels, per packag e or p arcel, Id. ; goods in bulk—by weight, for every thumb ;by measure, per quarter or per load, ld. ; by r, per 1,000, Id. ; animals, per head, ld. The rates on goods in bulk to be charged by the weight, measure, or number, as such goods are required to be re turned to the oticers of Customs for the preparation of the statistical accounts of trade and navigation of the United Kingdom. 12. CHARGES TO BE LEVIED ON THE REMOVAL OF WARE HOUSED GOODS UNDER BOND. Resolved,—That in aid of the charges of Customs esta blishments incident to the removal of goods under bond, there shall be charged (irrespective of any duties of Cue toms, or other charges payable by law) upon the several articles hereinaftar mentioned, and which aro or may be warehoused in any warehouse for the security of duties of Customs under the laws and regulations for the warehous ing of goods, on removal of such goods under bond from any such warehouse in any port or place to any such ware house in any other port or place, respective rates or charges following, viz.:— S. D. Tea, the 100 lbs - • Sugar, the cwt. 0 4 Coffee, the 1001bs Cocoa, the 1001bs Pepper, the 1001bs Tobacco, the 1001bs Wine, the 100 gallons Spirits, the 100 gallons .. 5 0 Fruit, viz., figs, currants, raisins, the cwt. .... 0 4 Other goods, the package 0 3 13. CHARGES ON OPERATIONS IN WAREHOUSE.—Re soIved, that before any of the operations hereinafter-men tioned are or shall be performed at the request of the pro prietor or his agent, in respect of goods deposited in any warehouse or place for the security of duties of Customs under the laws and regulations in force for the ware housing of goods, there shall be charged for every such operation the respective rates or charges hereinafter-men tioned, irrespective of any duties of Customs er other rates or charges upon the importation into Great Britain and Ire land, or otherwi se , o f t h e goo d s i n respec t o f which such operations are performed, viz.:-- s. d S. 41 Repacking package) (the pa c k ae ) 1 0 Reweighing (the package) .. .. 0 4 Filling, up casks (the cask) Racking casks (the cask) Vatting casks (the cask) Bottling (the dozen bottles) 0 2 Disgorging bottled wine (the case) Repacking bottled wine or spirits (the case) 0 6 Regauging (the cask) Other operations (the package) Provided that when any such operation is required for the purpose of removing goods from any such warehouse, in any port or place, and in respect of which the rates or charges payable on removal under bond shall be paid, such operations shall be exempt from the said rates or charges in respect thereof, and that delivery out of warehouse upon payment of duty or for exportation be not held to be an operation within the meaning of this resolution. [ADVMELTIGIEMENT.]—EPPS'S (Homiceopathie Chemist) Cocox.—This esteemed preparation is sold by the prin cipal grocers at ls. 6d. per lb., is lib. , Vb., and ilb packets. Each packet is labelled 66 James Eppe, Homeo pathic chemist, Londoz." OXFORD-FEB. 11. A small quantity of wheat at market to-day, for which the trade Was ♦ery fair for fine samples ; and other grain inactive. White ruled at 43s t• 545, red 41s to 48s per qr. Barley, 211 s to 388; oats, ISs to 33s ; beans, 38s to 50s ; hog peas, 388 to 40s ; boilers, 40s to 45s per qr. Flour, 33s to --s per sack. Hay, from £3 Os to £4 Os per ton. NORWICH—FEn. 11. At to-day's market the supply of wheat was fair, and the condition of most of the samples being rather improved there was a little better demand. Ili flour little is doing, but prices firm. Barley still falling off, though late prick were supported. White wheat 46s to 498 Red wheat 40a to 45e Malting barley....42a to 46. I Chevalier barley Me to 40e Distilling d 0.,, ..,25s to 27s I Oats.. 24a to 211 s Flour, 295 6d to 305 pL. sack from the miller. NORTHAMPTON—Frs. 11. At this corn-market wheat was in middling supply, with a very steady trade, at about the rates of this day sea night, prices ranging from 441 to 47s for old, and 39s to 451 for new. There was a slow business passing in barley, :',9s to 445, grinding 27. to 32s per qr. Oats in limited' show, with a languid sale, quoted at 25s to 28. per 24 stone. Beans, old, 45s to 49s ; new, 34s to 40s. Rye, —s to —s; malt, 66s to 68s; flour, 31s to 34s per sack. STAMFORD-FRB. 11. The supply of all kinds of grain small, but Om market ruled fair for wheat and barley. Oats dull. Beans were at extreme rates. Wheat 4os to 45s Oats.. 24s to 201 White do .. 485 to 50s I Beans 42s to 44s Barley .....38s to 425 Ditto, old ........48s to iOs CAMBRIDGE—Fin. 11. There was a middling supply of wheat, and, with a very steady demand in the trade, white moved off at 455 to 48e ; red, 38s to 435 per 36 stone. There was a ready trade is barley to-day ; malting , 38s to 469; grinding, 28s to 33s per 30 stone. Oats at 185 to 28s for new ; old oats, —e to —5. Beans in limited supply, and a steady sale —new, 26. to 403 ; old, —s to —s per 38 stone ; peas, 405 to --s per 36 stone. NOTTINOH) There was a tolerabla the condition of which was 1::Q ruled firm, at full prices. White wheat, new, 474 to:511 Red do. 434 to 48s Old white 47s to 51a Red do. 43s to 488 Barley, malting 38s to 45s Super. flour, 35s to 39s ; .M-Fiu. 11. [y of wheat on offer to-day, yno moans good. The trade Barley, grind-lug 23s to 28s Oats, old, .. —s to —s New do 23s to 27s Beans. 44s to 49 Beans, new —4 to —o Le, 31s to 33. per 20 steno. DUBLIN- At our market to-day there ai, about late quotations. - —Fla. 10. was a fair inquiry for whoat, ..d. ..d. ..4. e. 4. Wheat, white.. 28 •to3o 0 Do., new . 0t• • Do., red 27 oto2B 4 Bet., 13 •to 14 • Do. new Barley Oats Do., black ll 6to 12 6 Indian con .. 31 6to 36 • FOREIGN MAIL PACKET LIST. ;n the following table E signifies that letters are despatohed by evening mails from London, and M by morning mails. Next - DESTINATIONS. Despatch Port of Mail of Mails. Despatch. due. Lustre's and Mauritius, via Southampton Feb. —, F Southamp. Mar. 11 Ditto, via Marseilles 'Feb. 18, E March 5 Bahamas and Havana via New York 'Feb. 17, E 'Liverpool.. Feb. 16 Canada, :re. (by Canadn. pckt )IFeb. 15. ElLiverpool.. Feb. 15 Cape of Good Hope, Aileen- 'ion, and St. Helena 'Mar. 6, H Devenport March 3 China, Penang, and Singa pore, via Southampton Feb. 20, 51 Southamp. Feb. 18 Ditto, via Marseilles Gibraltar, via Southampton.. Feb. —, Southamp. Feb.'lB Honduras and Blewfields .... Feb. 17, Southamp. Feb. 16 India (Calcutta) and Ceylon, via Southampton Feb. 20, Southamp. Feb. IS Ditto, via Marseilles India (Bombay), via South ampton Feb. —, Soutimmp. Feb. 25 Ditto, via Marseilles Lisbon, Brazils,Buenos Ayres, and F. Islands Mar. 9, M outhamp. Mar. 5 Lisbon, Vigo, and Oporto Feb. 17. M outhamp. Feb. 11 Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Feb.l6, 51 outhamp. Feb. 18 Ditto. via Marseilles Mexico and Havana Newfoundland United States and British N 1 America (by British packet),Feb. —, E Liverpool.. Feb. 16 Ditto (by U. S. packet) +Feb. 14 , E Southamp. West Coast of Afriea, Ma deira, and Tenerife ..... West India, California, Vene zuela, Chili, Peru, Grey town, New Granada, Am The Royal Commissioners for inquiring into Greenwich Hospital have examined Admiral Sir Charles Napier, and it is understood that no further evidence will be taken, the commissioners having exhausted all the sub jects connected with the establishment. The report may shortly be looked for. THE CASE OF THE REV. MR. HATCH.—Declars tions have recently been made before R. A. Kinglake, J. '• by ladies engaged in tuition at Weston-super-Mars, to the effect that the children who gave such strong evidence at the trial of Mr. Hatch, which tended very materially to hts conviction, were at one time under the care of the ladies, and that their habitual habit of uttering untruths was the frequent subject of complaint ; and the ladies have rnade • declaration that they would place no reliance whatever on the statements of the children.—Netvcastle Chronicle. [ADvEnTisxsixter]. Holloway's Ointment and Pille.— An accident will occasionally happen to the most prudent. A sprain, a burn, a fall cannot always be prevented; but • speedy and easy cure may be ensured by the application of this inetimable Ointment, which immediately cools the part, soothes the irritated nerves, represses the increased flow of blood to the seat of injury, and guards against inflammation and the formation of abscess. For effecting such cures this Oiatment surpasses every liniment, lotion, or embrocation. It soon restores soundness and mobility. Another great ad. vantage in using Holloway's Ointment is, that it cures with out leaving scar or blemiish on the injured part—hence its surprising value as a curative agent for females. [ADTERTISEMXNT.]—Notice.—In eonsequance of Messrs. Lawes and Morton having just commenced 1860 with opposi tion similar to that which they previously advanced. and wish ing to do those gentlemen every justice, Mr. Thorley is induced to enlarge his coming pamphlet, making it 64 pages instead of 32-- showing beyond doubt that their observations on the so-called " Concentrated Cattle Food," and so-called "feeding statistics," are without foundation ; that the Rothamsted experiment was not made with his food, and consequently that this complete failure must either be through mismanage ment or from buying the Condiment at the wrong shop. The first impression of One Hundred Thousand Copies will be ready about the first day of March, and may be had post free on receipt of Three Stamps, on application to Joseph Thorley. the Inventor and sole Proprietor of " Thorley's Food for Cattle," 77, Newgate-street, London ; 21, Broadway, New York, United States; Mr. J. W. Thorley, Melbourne; Vic toria ; Mr. Alfred Burt, Sydney, New South Wales ; and of all his agents throughout the United Kingdom.—Feb. 11,1860. [ADVERTISEMENT. --Fifty thousand cures without medi cine, by Du Barry's eliei ous R eva l en t a A ra bi ca F oo d, o f i n digestion (dyspepsia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver complaint s , d e bility, coug h, a s thma, con sumption, &c. Cure No. 71, of dyspepsia, from the Right Hon. the Lord Stua r t d e Deies—" I have derived consi derable benefit fro m D u B arry ' s Revalenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to autho rise the publication of these lines.—Stuart do Decies." Cure No. 49,832.—" Fifty years indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatu lency, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent food.—Maria Joly, Wortham Ling, near Dies, Norfolk." Curs No. 4,208. " Eight years dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, nausea, for which my servant had consulted the advice of many, have been cured by Du Barry's health restoring food. I shall be happy to answer any inqratriee. —Rev. John W. Flavell, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk.' In tins, at Is. 6d. ; 11b., 3s. ; 21b., 58. 9d. ; 51b., 125.; 121 b., 265. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London' Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly ; Abby 60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, Oxford street; 330 aid 451, Strand ; 49 and. 60, Bishopsgatos street ; 85 Tottenham-court-road. Also at Dublin. Bewley 'and Diaper ; at Edinburgh, Raimes and Co.; at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew; at Manchester, Sharp and Scott ; at York, Rainies t Blanchard, and Co.; at.Sonth ampton. Randall and Son. BIRTHS. BARKEIL.—On the oth inst., at Eton-house, Haveretock. hill, the wife of F. S. Barker, Esq., of a daughter. Bzucx.—pn the 9th inst., at Woolwich, the wife of Capt. Bruce, R.A., of a son. _ CauPSELL.—On the 7th inst., at 7,Warwick-villas, Maid*. bill, the wife of the Hon. Alex. Campbell, Kingston. Canada West, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. CLITFORD—HAT.—On the 9th inst., at Cookham Doan, John James Clifford, Esq., of the 9th Royal Lancers to Maynard Montier, widow of the late J. M. Hay, M.D. ClLDRW—Kutivr. — On the 10th inst., at St. Paul's,Kintr clere Woodlands, Hants, the Rev. George Cardew, in cumbent of Kingscicre Woodlands, eldest son of the late Lieut.-General George Cardew, Col. Commandant 8.E., to Marthauna Caroline Alice , youngest daughter of Thos. Kirby, Esq., Commander of Mayfield, Sussex, and Inhurat, Hants. DEATHL BINGLIIY.—On th• 11th Oct., at Melbourne, Thomas 11. Horsford Bingley, eldsst on of the late Thomas Brooke Bing-ley, Esq., of the Bengal Horse Artillery. Ditooxs.—On the 9th inst., at Liverpool, Mr. John Brooks? aged 6:5. GIDLET.—On the Bth inst., at Peckham, suddenly, Theo dore Courtenay Gidloy, Esq., solicitor, youngest eon of the late Courtenay Gidl o y, Esq., of Ifoniton, Day° ll ' aged 51. G ooDE.—On the 9th inst., Philip Goode, Esq., of Howlan d street, Fitzroy-square, and Lampton, near Hounslow' , Middlesex. SWINBURNE.—On the 7th inst., at the Close, Lichfi eld . , Colonel Swinburne, late of her Majesty's 83d R4gituslt`, aged 77. the 10th inst., at 10, Margaret-street, CC/ en. dish-square, Mr. James Smith, aged 92. LONDON : Printed and Published by munDo yourg of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Suit °Wee, 24° '2 1- 0 1 Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the coul' Middlesex, Monday, February 18,,1860. Yiarl 11 112 Y meta, of Yet Your VI alp "Whelo reiati( be talc. Dire the act Riven Fahrm aoinin Geaert Tha on and fpened the 17t1 G il ] is Here writing underm the Dir the Con 17th da' Paddi POL MINST Manage fully inl In Eng honoure Lieuten (Previou OA Mop: Reeen rate Bo': May be James's R °Y All Ne Esenes— astoundl Horses:- — iiiiin it visit oft! lag, at 1 ARG C/ land. F. Principal Past 8, co: : The Pr( of the Wm to their w INgstal r4ity of y trios, a s tl Ike i Tkey be Aimee. as ktassaolis. sarap .1,111 tie foi 1141., sr a d It is a are the g ataroseb, vetoes wt itrengthi Theft' T valid., bo the hone. aoknowle , fatuity, b To prey 6f the firn All ord, pnr.9 - 1 - TIFT and Dinh ot VASE!! beautiful ter; Marb alantfact Ualeet_r, Mr. Tei MINER) the inter( and GEO TRACI. RALOG! Just Pul Ha . VITA en NPRTIIU pis S STSTEt ate, nrod 4 TELtNI Pane and 'Why theft tkey pan terether faction. _NT A Xediaal) street, roster-rc TAU 11 tit atirably liver, in tion), ha' Viervoust holies is hysteria, er ajUPs, asthma, plaints, 11 1110, atr tienal re to the En 13 r. Win 1111. L IttcA kayo en )e.ple *as hi The pro bal of tl iiltty an () Starner coutrad Anita. an - marl atudyin are moi letielty, tieings biea Fa Padd b!r - v - ; SIM 24%, Bart Atm 81de,