The Sun. — London, England, 1859-08-10 00:00:00

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Under tne Management of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING, THE CORSICAN BROTHERS. rabien and Louis del Franchi. By Mr. C. Kean. To conclude with A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM Commence at 7. T HEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckatone. THIS EVENING, A NABOB FOR AN HOUR. THE CONTESTED ELECTION. After which,;ollT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND. To conclude with HALLOWE'EN. Commence at 7. W THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni. Webster. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with THE FLOWERS OF THE FOREST. Followed by the new burlesque, THE BABES IN THE WOOD. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Paul Bedford, C. J. Smith, Eburne ; Miss Woolgar and Miss K. Kelly. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box Of open from 10 to 5 -no charge for booking. No fees to servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough THIS EVENING, CAPTAIN CHARLOTTE. Miss M. Wilton. After which, A SCHOOL FOR COQUETTES. Misses Bwanborough, Oliver, and Lavine. Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. Commence at 7 o'clock. VERDI'S OPERA OF MACBETH. The whole of the first Act of this Opera, now produced for the first time in this country (the remaining three acts being in course of rehearsal), is sung nightly at the CAN TERBURY HALL CONCERTS. THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY, Oonsisting of three Juvenile Violinists, viz., Jules, Juliette, and Julia Delepierre, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and EIGHT years. The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios evc: written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu siastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France and Belgium. They will perform T %VICE EACH EVENING, in addi tion to the usual Entertainments. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, AtGtsi 10. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 64—highest since noon yesterday. 57—lowest this morning and during the night. 60—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.05. WIND, Easterly; fresh, with dull rainy weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 11h. 49m.—Afternoon, Oh. Om. To-Moitßow-Morning, 12h. 23m.—Afternoon, 12h. 52m. V,.--3. ~I E 17 • , :',..t.-• 9 e - . t ~, pu 1 • 4., 4 . ,1 , 1.:*1„ ...:'... -,'- -.3 , %. 1 1 0 ,..- ~___, ~ - -,- e f st_ ?,:>"..,1C a , 1 1 1 6 ..... , 1 0:. 5,,.. -_, THE SUN. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 10, 1859. It is but indifferently inaugurative of Mr. FITYROY'S career as our new Minister of Public Works—this miserable project of his for the nomi nal purification of the Serpentine ! " That a sum, not exceeding £17,000, be granted to her Majesty for cleansing the Serpentine River, Hyde-park, in the year ending the 31st day of March, 1860." That was the wording of the very first resolution down upon the papers of the house for consideration in Committee of Supply at the evening sitting on the 4th of this present month of August. A resolution unhappily regarded only by the House with a too careless complaisancy. The proposition of Mr. FITZROY simply amounts to this—that a sum of £17,000 sterling shall be wastefully applied by the nation to the carrying out of a series of preposterous experiments by (that no doubt eminent engineer), Mr. HAWKESLEY. We say nothing whatever against Mr. HAWKESLEY'S engineering capabilities. We will accept them as indisputable. But while doing so we must really be permitted to designate the scheme of this distinguished engineer for the purification of the Serpentine, as nothing better than a series of pro posed experiments, and a series of experiments that we can designate no otherwise than as simply preposterous. A filtering apparatus, according to this plan, is to be placed at the head of the Serpen tine—into this filtering apparatus the water is to pumped-2,000,000 gallons of this water are to flow through it daily, or otherwise to put it, just 60,000,000 gallons per month—and so on pumping, and flowing, and filtering, and (we regret to add it) stinking, and reeking with loathsome and pestilen tial vapours indefinitely ! A cheering prospect for the contiguous inhabitants, for the dwellers in Kensington-gore and Bayswater, to say nothing of that creme de la creme pouring day by day round the " ring" and down " rotten row"—the very milky way of the heaven of fashion, whom some writers delight, above all things, to designate The Upper Ten Thousand. A delicious and a most salubrious prospect, we say, for all these favoured denizens of the West End—the purification here opened to view by this absurd, extravagant, and worse than useless project, cham pioned by Mr. FITZROY, and originally hit upon as such an extremely bright idea by Mr. HAWKESLEY ! It was not in this fashion that Sir BENJAMIN HALL, now my Lord LLANOVER, earned such deserved popularity by his administrative labours when at the head of the Woods and Forests, of the Parks and Palaces, or however the Edileship of England may be the most incorrectly desig nated. It was not thus that his Lordship had the ornamental waters in St. JAMES'S Park—a sheet of water previously like the Serpen time, both a notorious pest, a frequent peril, and a perpetual and undoubted nuisance—it was not thus that Lord LLANOVER, or, as he was then, Sir BENJAMIN, had the water in St. James's Park cleared out effectually, the bed of it scooped to an uniform hollow, and the whole spot rendered at once salubrious and beautiful. But, says Mr. FITZROY, deprecating beforehand any blame through precisely this dread?d contrast—to carry out the plan adopted in St. James's Park, namely, the very plan we have just alluded to, that of drawing off the water, removing the muddy sediment left there behind it, and then lay ing a smooth concrete bottom for the pure water to be afterwards let into the repaired bed of the Serpentine—would cost between £50,000 and £60,000 ! Wherefore Mr. FITZROY has sagaciously arrived at the conclusion, that it is better to spend £17,000 in trying Mr. HAWKESLEY'S filtering ex periment of 2,000,000 gallons a day, or 60,000,000 amonth. Better, say we, out of the merest, paltriest motives of economy—immeasureably better than throwing away even £lO,OOO, to spend even £ lOO,OO O (and not merely £50,000 or £60,000) in cleansing the Serpentine at once and for all—in cleansing its pestiferous waters effec tually and permanently. The proposition of Mr. FITZROY, borrowed from the " bright idea " of Mr. HAWKESLEY, carries the evidence of its folly upon the face of it. These 2,000,000 ga ll ons o f filt er ed water a-day, or 60,000,000 a - month, are to flow th ro ugh the projected filtering apparatus back again into the old foul depository from which they will just before have been pumped—b ack again into that rotten old bed of the Serpentine ! So that the filtration must be repeated again and aga i n almost an indefinite number of times, for months, years, before there can it may even be fo r be cleared out what there is there capable of being cleared out by means of filtration ! For besides these, there are in the waters of the Ser pentine other noxious impurities that altogether defy their removal by filtration. As a correspon dent of one of our morning contemporaries observes this very day, " The proposal of Mr. FITZROY for purifying the Serpentine appears to overlook one important fact,—viz., that a large portion of the impurity of the water consists of organic :natter in solution. The proposed filtration of the water through gravel or sand cannot possibly remove this impurity, which will putrify in warm weather, and the Serpentine will continue to emit effluvia as it now does." Indeed there cannot be one mo ment's doubt of it upon reflection—that this sum of £17,000 will have to be repeated again and again before any appreciable result can be obtained by any such means for the purification of the waters of the Serpentine. Regarding even which advantage, however, really to be at last by some such means attained—there would still re main those perillous holes and pits of death at the bottom of the Serpentine unfilled-up to the last, and i nsu ring still the chance of accidental destruction to many and many an unfortunate, fond of bathing but unskilled as a swimmer. Reflection, indeed, only serves to convince us more and more tho roughly that the apparent economy of this sum of £17,000 is a real extravagance! That the only secure, and in the end really economic plan for the cleansing of the Serpentine, will be by a repetition of the very plan so happily and admirably carried out in St. James's Park—by drawing off the water—by clearing away the mud—by filling up the holes—by reducing all to one uniform level, save at the mar gins—by lining the bottom with concrete and then running pure water into the (thus) renovated bed of the Serpentine. Surely it were more rational to spend £50,000 or £60,000, or even (if necessary) £lOO,OOO, in this way—than to spend £17,000, as Mr. FITZROY proposes, in these experiments of dirty cleanliness ! The testimonial presented on Saturday evening to the Countess of SHAFTESBURY was a graceful and nobly-merited tribute of gratitude from the factory operatives to her distinguished husband for his memorable labours in their behalf as a true and practical philanthropist. Elsewhere in our im pression of this evening will be found an interesting record of the circumstances of this presentation. It took place, as will be observed, in the midst of an assemblage of four thousand artizans, collected together to that end in the Free Trade Hall at Manchester. The gift itself was in every particular an appropriate and touching evidence of the grate. ful remembrance by the operatives of that beneficent Ten Hours' Act, which will honourably perpetuate to after time the fair fame of ANTHONY ASHLEY, seventh Earl of SHAFTESBURY. It consisted of an address, simply but eloquently expressive of this grateful remembrance, and accompanied the address with a fine marble bust of the good earl himself—a bust carved to the life in marble by the skilled chisel of MATTHEW NOBLE, one of the most gifted and popular, though happily also, one of the youngest of our eminent English Sculptors. The circumstance of this presentation occurring at Manchester, in the very midst of the deplorable strike among the London Builders, with a view to secure, if possible, by the main force of sheer intimidation, the triumph, not of a Ten, but of a Nine Hours' movement, tends considerably to enhance the interest with which the generality will regard this tardy but fervently heartfelt hom age for the championship of the cause of the labouring classes years and years ago by the Earl of SHAFTESBURY—as one not in word only but in very deed entitled to the glorious and Christian appelation of a philanthropist. The spokesman of the factory workers on Saturday in the Free Trade Hall at Manchester observed appositely enough in his spoken address to Lady SHAFTESBURY, that he believed" very few employers would like to return to the long hour system, and that no spirit of hostility was kept up between masters and men on this important question." He added that " their interests were in fact identical," and remarked that " the operatives envied not their employer's wealth," asking merely for " labour's toil—sweet competence—and nothing more." The language in which the Earl of SHAFTESBURY himself enveighed against the mingled folly and atrocity of what is called a Strike was yet more appropriate. To those earnest words of the noble Earl we refer our readers, as to a timely avowal of the opinions entertained in his heart's core upon this vital question—vital to so many hundreds of thousands of our industrial population—by that eminent Benefactor of the labouring classes, who may be termed with the utmost accuracy of expression the benignant Author and the triumphant Champion of the Short Time Movement. One of the most important social questions still in want of a practical solution is unquestionably the true relation between capital and labour. The commercial, like the physical atmosphere, is from time to time subject to violent convulsion ; and the transition from a state of ordinary calm is often equally sudden and unanticipated by those pro fessedly most conversant with the phenomena per taining to the one or the other. Storms of thunder and lightning and devastating floods occasionally destroy the property of capitalists and the food of the people. The privation consequent upon such atmospheric perturbation is always disastrous, and often, in a local sense, overwhelming. But the philanthropic mind and the liberal hand are ever active in the alleviation of suffering resulting from what all the world feels and acknowledges to be one of the conditions of terrestrial existence. But when the ordinary routine of commercial action is paralysed by the now somewhat frequent convul sions, which are technically termed "strikes" and " lockouts," no such sentiment of resignation to the force of inevitable and inscrutable law is or ought to be manifested. The evil men bring upon them selves, although to be regretted, inasmuch as it is, to a large extent, the result of either the cupidity or the ignorance of the sufferers, must be dealt with in a somewhat different spirit. The question is, however, full of difficulties. It has baffled the senatorial wisdom of the nation for several centuries. From the time of EDWARD 111. to the present century, numerous:statutes have been enacted with a view to regulate not only the price of labour, but to limit the action of capital itself. An examination of some of these statutes at the pre sent time by the belligerent parties not only dis closes some curious facts in commercial legislation, but imparts considerable practical instruction. For instance,what capitalist or workman, however partial to the " good old times," would wish to see revived, even in a very modified form, such legislation as prevailed at the time of EDWARD 111., when all labourers and artificers were compelled to remain in their own parishes ; when those who left a service once undertaken were put into the stocks, and branded on the forehead with the letter F, " in token of falsity ;" when butchers, bakers, poulterers, and other tradesmen, were ordered to sell their com modities at a price dictated by Act of Parliament ; when workmen were restricted to one trade or mystery, and merchants were permitted to deal in one kind of merchandise only, on pain of fine or forfeiture? An Act of RICHARD 11. (1388), after fixing the rate of wages to be paid, punishes the giver or receiver of any higher sum by a fine equi given or take n ; d ou bl e th e valent to the ex cess so amount for a second offence ; and for the third, treble. Nay, as recently as the first year of the t V o I. labour the l e g a i t s 1 a s t t n az t( e ev n i p a u c rai t ic e ne d ;: t a h nh a de t reign of should be b randed with the letter V d i f e a r m e a d n a Er o rie l f\ a l lv v sA e eßd f p or two years to a ny one who should demand him. If he attempted to escape, an' additional letter S was burnt on his cheek, and he was decreed to be a slave for life. For any further attempt to escape he suffered death as a felon ! Severe penalties were enforced against " sellers of victuals," who, " not contented with reasonable and moderate gain, conspired and covenanted together to sell their victuals at unreasonable prices." Similar treatment was awarded to artificers, han dicraftsmen, and labourers who "made confedera cies and promises," or " swore mutual oaths not to meddle with one another's work, or perform and finish what another had begun ;" or who presumed "to appoint how much work they should do in a day, or what hours or times they should work." Parties belonging to such combinations were sub jected, for a first offence to a fine of ten pounds, or twenty days' imprisonment ; for a second offence, to a fine of twenty pounds, or the pillory; for a third, to a penalty of forty pounds, or the pillory and amputation of the ears ; with the further consolatary reflection that, "at all times after wards," any one so convicted was regarded by the law of England "as a man infamous," whose " deposition on oath was not to be credited." But it may be said, these are very ancient statutes indeed, and were passed to meet the re quirements of a very primitive, if not barbarous, state of society. Perhaps so ; but, nevertheless, the age of ELIZABETH and EDWARD VI. is often lauded as one of the most resplendent pages in the history of Britain. Such laws, however, continued to be enacted until a very recent period. In 1720 an act was passed with the especial object of " re gulating journeymen tailors." This act denounces all covenants or agreements for the advancement of wages, or for lessening the usual hours of work, as illegal and void, and sultjects all offenders to two months' imprisonment, with hard iabour ! The men are ordered to work from six in the morning till eight at night, with an allowance by the employer of " one penny halfpenny a-day for breakfast and one hour for dinner." It likewise declares that if any workman quitteth his labour, or if he, "not being retained or employed, shall refuse to enter into work or employment, after re quest made for that purpose, by any master tailor," except under special circumstances " to be allowed by two justices of the peace," his Utopian notions respecting personal freedom are to be subjected to the discipline of hard labour in the house of correc tion for any period not exceeding two months ! The employers' liberty of judgment or action was not a whit more respected. Any master tailor who presumed to pay greater wages than the act prescribed, was mulcted in a penalty of five pounds ! one-half of which was presented to the informer, as a reward for his rather questionable patriotism, and the other half to the poor of the parish. Five years afterwards an act was passed " to prevent unlawful combination" amongst the workmen employed in the woollen manufactories. The 22d Geo. 11. c. 27, prohibited all combination amongst workmen of every class. The right to dispose of their labour to the best advantage was thoroughly ignored. In 1768, similar restrictions were again enacted with regard to the London journeymen tailors; a penalty of .£5OO, was also imposed by the same statute upon any " master" who sought to evade the provisions of the act by the employment of workmen who did not reside within five miles of the City of London ! It was not until the 54th Geo. 111. (1814) that the act of ELIZABETH restricting the exercise of any " art, mystery, or manual occupation" to parties who " shall not have been brought up therein seven years at the least as an apprentice," was repealed. Many other acts of a similar character have been passed at various periods, but the above are sufficient to illustrate the spirit of legislative interference with capital and labour which obtained in " free England" for several centuries. Mr. PITT was the first statesman who raised his voice against this species of obstructive and irrational legislation. He wisely observed that " Trade, in dustry, and barter would always find their own level, and be impeded by regulations which violated their natural operation and deranged their proper effect." Thus, after centuries of abortive effort, commer cial freedom has at length been pronounced by the general voice to be essential to commercial pro sperity. What workman would wish to restore the slavery of even the latter portion of the eighteenth century ? What capitalist would re joice at the resumption of the parental authority of the State over the details of his commercial arrangements ? No ; the intelligence and the free spirit of the age would scout as foolish, tyrannical, and futile all attempts at such retrogression. The great question now to be considered, and towards the solution of which the true patriot and the friend to social progress ought to devote their best energies, is the precise nature of this commer cial freedom. It is obvious, if the great prin ciple in political economy that " supply and demand" regulate the value of labour, as of other commodities, that the buyers and sellers must stand on an equal footing in the public market ; that all attempts, either on the part of " master" or "man," to dictate the terms of such bargain, is a flagrant violation of this principle. The seller of labour has as much right to withdraw his. com modity, if it so pleaseth him, as the seller of corn, cloth, railway scrip, or tobacco, has to withhold his property from public competition, if he fancies that, by so doing, he will eventually obtain a more remunerating price. But the possession of the right does not imply the possession of the requisite wisdom to effect this object. Many capitalists have lost thousands, and many associated bodies of workmen have done the same, from ignorance of the true action of commercial. law. But in such cases each speculator must abide by the conse quences of his own voluntary act, and endeavour to extract a little additional wisdom out of his past blundering. There can be no doubt, likewise, that; by the law of commercial freedom, any body of workmen have a right to combine together for the purpose of en deavouring to realise the maximum price of their labour ; just as any number of farmers in the public market may both legally and morally agree not to dispose of their stock of grain until they can obtain what they may think its true commercial value. Capitalists combine in partnerships and in joint stock companies, and free competition demands a similar privilege for the sellers of labour. But this right, granted to one, must be extended to all, or what becomes of its boasted equity or of individual liberty ? The violation of this principle is at the root of all the rankling animosities and reckless folly which have hitherto characterised the majo rity of " strikes" and " lock-outs." Workmen too often forget that they, or rather a portion of them, have no right to dictate to either the masters or to any section of their fellows. Let the discontented agree to ask what- terms they may deem commercially just, and be content to abide , the result of the " hig,gling in the market" like other tradesmen ; but it is a flagrant violation of'all social, political, or moral principle for them to insist upon those workmen joining their movement who, from whatever cause, viewing the qucstidn in a different light, decline to enter into their combination. As it is the , duty of the law of the lard to protect every in dividual in the exercise of his personal freedom, in social as well as commercial matters, working men ought not to be surprsed . that many of their fellows loudly complain of the threatenings of committees and violent partizans, or that the capi talists, who wish to buy in the cheapest market, should sympathise in their resistance to such foul and unprincipled tyranny. If there be one duty more incumbent than another upon the loud tongued advocate of poplar freedom, it is the resolute assertion and practical maintenance of the rights and liberties of others as well as his ow The intelligent and well-disposed workmen there fore consult not only their own honour, but even tually their own interest, when they set their faces against every species of dictation by their fellows, or of compulsory organisation in any form, however specious. A similar line of conduct is likewise demanded, by the spirit of commercial freedom, from the buyers of labour. It is idle for them to deny to the workmen the right to combine, if the combination be voluntary and its action interferes not with the indulgence of a similar right in others. It is idle to rail about " dupes and knaves," inasmuch as such specimens of humanity are well known to infest all classes ; and that speculators, capitalists, and traders, great and small, by no means present any remarkable exception to the rule. It is idle to stand upon a phantom " dignity" and decline to treat, in a commercial spirit, with deputations ap pointed by those whose labour they seek to pur chase. If a man enters into trade, no matter what may be his wealth or position, he must be prepared to act like a tradesman, and not like an aristocrat of twenty generations, who regards personal bar gain-making as something derogatory to his social standing. In fact, all such disputes ought to be fought in a commercial and not in a military sense. When the latter alternative is adopted, neither party can be said to gain a substantial victory. All is sacrifice, and sacrifice generally to empty vanity and ignorant impulse. The moment a strike or lockout ceases to pay, a common sense compro mise ought to be effected. It either is or ought to be merely a question of pounds, shillings, and pence, and every tradesman knows that fifteen or even ten shillings in the pound is better than no dividend at all. In the recent great strike and lockout, which spread its devastating influence over the important manufacturing town of Preston, the employers adopted what they considered to be a parallel move to the combination of the operatives. They closed all their mills to prevent their " hands" subscribing to the relief of others "on strike" at one or two similar establishments. This was a fatal error, a violation of the acknowledged law of political economy referred to, and a bad example to the operatives. It turned into the streets to starve, or to seek relief from the parish authorities, thousands who had, neither directly nor indirectly, any con nection with the movement of the " turnouts." Much privation ensued, and the poor-rates were consequently augmented to a considerable extent. The masters vainly attempted to throw the blame of this reckless policy on the " turnouts" committees, because, forsooth, said they, if the working men on strike would consent to accept the terms of the employers, or the buyers of labour, the latter were quite willing to cease their oppression of the thousands who had not even for months or years refused their services on the masters' conditions. A military despot, of course, claims the right to fire his cannon, if he fears a gathering mob, in the streets or squares of his capital, and he views with indifference the incidental destruction of the pro perty and even the lives of a few loyal subjects. A similar indifference to such casualties obtains generally in national warfare; but the assumption of such authority by a commercial firm, in a free country, protected by a powerful constituted au thoriti-, would be regarded as monstrous, nay, unpar alleled ! The public peace ought to be respected by all parties in these boisterous bargainings, under severe pains and penalties; and where the public law is inoperative, public opinion ought, and will, come to the rescue. The true parallel move to the combination of the operatives to obtain what the masters deem to be a higher rate of wages than the aspect of commercial affairs appears to warrant, is for those who enter tain that opinion to subscribe towards the expenses to which the menaced firm is subjected. It would then become merely a battle of pecuniary endurance between the real combatants: the innocent would be spared, and the general operations of the trade remain intact. The result, in whichever direction it might lay, would be more tangible and mere in structive. The vengeful feelings engendered in the breasts of those who, otherwise, had been the vic tims of the folly or ignorance of the contending parties, would of neccessity, have no existence. The lesson learned at Preston has not been without fruit. A similar contest is now raging in Lanca shire. The manufacturers have discarded their old and:merciless tactics ; they are content to subscribe towards the expenses of the employers whom they deem justified in their oppostion to the demands of the operatives. The general trade is flourishing ; and but little public attention is drawn to the dis pute. It assumes, as it ought to do, much more than heretofore the character of a small mercantile panic, or the sudden stoppage of a large firm from fire or bankruptcy. Would not some such method of conducting the pending struggles in the metropolis be more hon ourable and humane, as well as, eventually, more satisfactory to all parties interested ? BEATTIE'S BUST OF BURNS. place. Some considerable time since we had occasion to commend, in glowing terms of eulogium (eminently well deserved), the ability displayed by Mr. Wm. Beattie, of Birmingham, in his animated and pic turesque statuette of Sir William Wallace. It is gratifying to note now that another of the grand historic glories of Scotland has again successfully engaged his skill as a sculptor in the way of its substantial and appropriate com memoration. A life-like bust of Scotia's "Im mortal Bard"—her peasant poet, Robert Burns, has recently been completed by Mr. Beattie : the artist, being aided in the execution of it by having beside him the while an original portrait of Burns, and several other tests of accuracy then happily available. The painting referred to is the property of the poet's youngest son, Lieut.-Col. Burns —by whom the the completed bust in white marble has been pronounced, as a likeness, peculiarly satisfac tory. The following tribute to it as a work of art_ we gladly transfer to our columns . from those of one of the local newspapers—in which the writer .tion remarks : " The bust quite realises the t description of We feel, as we look upon it, that . bears in im dependence, and indepen ence, press of greatness, of power, who of Scotland's greatest poet by her greatest man for a' without wealth or title : " a man's t a into glorious that ;" who could appreciate and ,. es the and withering sarcasm —one. pucou.,,lddrafewelgtrhaavte, verse " The Cottar's Saturday IN ight , reflection on the mutability of e,starth, or things l, a from Moun tain Daisy ;" lash hypocrisy with no measured e , hand; give the gravest counsel for his conduct in N the " Destruction of a Mouse's " life in an Epistle to a Young Friend ;" and ,, b_y a way of a jeu d'esprit, write off at a heat, Tam o' Shanter," brim full of humour and drollery, and within a few days thereafter pen the most touching of his minor poems, viz., " To Mary in Heaven,' a poem which will only cease to he read and felt when the language in which if i s written passes into oblivion." LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : THE CONFERENCE. ZURICH, AUG. 9. To-day the second sitting of the Conference took Yesterday the chief of the Government of Zurich paid a visit to the members of the Conference, who assured him that they fully appreciated the strict neutrality Switzerland has observed. SHAM-FIGHTS AT THE CAMP OF CHALONS. PARIS ; AUG. 9. Sham-fights have been executed by order of the Emperor at the Camp of Chalons, wherein 40,000 men were engaged. They were intended to re present an episode of the battle of Solferino. The Pays asserts that General Fleury is to be raised to the rank of General of Division. The Emperor is to return to the camp in Sep ,ember, to take the command of the manoeuvres. TURIN, AUG. 10. An official message, dated Florence the 9th, states that the elections were concluded with per fect order, and a large number of voters attended to give their suffrages. The elected belong to all classes of the country. The assembly is convoked for Thursday next, and the inhabitants are full of confidence. MUNICH, AUG. 9. In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies the proposal of 27 members for Federal Reform by creating a central Power and national repre• sentation in Germany, was referred to a com mittee. MARSEILLES, AUG. 9. Advices have been received from Naples to the 6th inst. The Envoy Extraordinary of Switzerland at the Court of the King of Naples has presented to the Neapolitan Government certain demands—namely, that the Swiss standards be given up, the uniform and the number of the Foreign Legions be altered, and that they are no longer to be called Swiss. The Duke of Serracapriola, formerly Prime Minister, goes on an extraordinary mission to Rome. TRIESTE, AUG. 9. Advices have been received from Alexandria to the 31st ult. According to an agreement effected between M. de Lesseps and the Viceroy, the rights and pro perty of the Suez Canal Company, should the same be wound up, are to be transferred to the Viceroy, who would then undertake to repay the shareholders in full. FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY PARIS BOURSE, Aug. 9.—The market has been very dull, and sales for realisation drove prices down. Threes, after having been done at 70f. 10c., receded to 69f. 85c. Mobilier varied from 842 f. 50c. to 847 f.; Austrian, 572 f. 50c. to 568 f. 75c. ; Lombards, 570 f. to 567 f. 50c. ; Orleans, 1,377 f. 50c. to 1,372 f. 50c. ; Lyons, 880 f. to 877 f. 50c. ; Southern, 522 f. 50c. to 520 f. The fol lowing were the quotations : It per Cents. .... 97 50 I Credit Fonder Do. end month .. -- -Belgian 4f . 3 per Cents. 69 70 Piedmonteso (5) Do. end month.... 69 90 Roman B6 75 Bank Shares 2850 Austrian Credit Mobilier B5O I Spanish Threes .. 40 50 Do. Account RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern 932 50 .. 935 .... dew ditto 820 .. Lyons and Mediterranean Geneva 877 50 .. 876 25 540 .. 545 Southern Western 517 50 .. 517 50 570 .. 568 75 Eastern Sardinian 422 50 .. 422 50 Austrian TRE SIBSEY MURDERERS. Carey and Pickett, the Sibsey murderers, have left behind them two statements respecting the murder of Mr. Stephenson, which differ materially from the confessions previously made. Pickett, it will be remembered, stated that when they left the inn they had no intention of taking the old man's life, and to this statement he still adhered, although in the following extract from his confession will be found assertions somewhat at variance with the account he formerly gave : • " Carey got on his knees, and pulled the old man down. Stephenson struck Carey with his walking stick while falling. I held his head while Carey robbed him. I got up and struck him on the ground until my stick broke all to pieces. Carey got off when he had robbed him, and beat him about the head ; he then carried him into the sewer. Carey went back across the road to fetch his stick, and struck the old man eight or nine times over the head until his stick broke all to pieces. Then the old man stood up in the sewer i Carey shoved at him with the broken part of his stick, trying to push him down into the water. Mr. Stephenson got from him, and walked to the other side of the sewer. Carey then threw the broken part of his stick into the sewer, and said to me, ' Go round to the other side and kill him.' I went .round to Mr. Coates's yard, got a piece of a rail and went to the old man. Mr. Stephen son had the thorn stick produced in court on his shoulder, and appeared to be going home. Carey said ' Make haste, or he will get home.' I went behind him and struck him on the side of the head and knccked him down. I hit him till my stick broke all to pieces (this was the rail or broad stick). I then took the stick Mr. Stephenson had, and hit him about the head till he was dead. I dragged him to the hedge. I was trying to throw him into the sewer, but could not. I told C are y I could not throw him o_ve , r by , _ ry myself, and he must come and help me. Carey said, again, yo u can get hi m over .' I th en took hold of his legs, reared him up on end, and tumbled him into the sewer. After that we both left, one on one side of the sewer and the other on the other." Pickett expresses deep contrition for his crime, ifan d states that his parents had prophes ied that he " kept company with Carey he warsece, s tatement cer tain either s to be transported or hung." about their having had Ca handkerchiefs over their faces he declares to be untru e e ;(I,,lcbuket (Pickett) struck )e tmake sruck the acknowledgement that b the blow which caused death. Ono night dur ing his imprisonment a thunderstorm came on, frightfully alarmed. and he states that he ? Mr. Stephenson was 6,1 thought," he In an address to his coming to me in the, lic, cell. warn s them against sin, 46 young co mpanions' a dopt a religious life. He ex and urges them to presses his belief that b o th he and his companion H Carey, in his address, are on the way toflea is equally confident respecting the future, and he attributes his levdilcourse to " drink." He says Mr. been a good friend to him, and. Stephenson 1 a been the person to suggest the rob beryadmits having of the Id man. He also makes this confes sion, " I know that I am the worst, and persuaded —Manches ter Examiner. Pickett into it.". ROYAL CREMoRNE GARDEN s.—Mr. Simpson, the indefatiga ble mana g er of these gardens, has appointed to-morrow for his annual benefit, which may be regarded as the fete of the se . ason at Cremorne. The illuminations and the pyrotechnic performance will be unusual—the Marionette burlesque will bo given —an additional ball room will be opened—four bands will perform, and every effort will be made by the management to render the day and the night worthy of the most extended patronage, which—if well-directed efforts to secure to i the people good and reasonable amusement In gardens most respectably conducted be appreciated—Mr. Simpson will be sure to receive. THE LATE ACCIDENT TO LORD PORTSMOUTH. — Lord Portsmouth is recovered from the effects of his late accident. The noble earl was driving in his dog cart with Lord Valedtine beside him, whe the horse, stung by a fly, set a-kicking and ran away, struck against a tree, which shot the two noble lords out and dragged the carriage over there. They escaped with only a few bruises and cuts ; but it was a marvellous escape, for the wheels passed over Lord Ports mouth's loins and legs, and the heels of the animal, when he kicked out, came within a few inches of Lord Valentine's head. BIG BEN ON STRIKE.—A correspondent writes as follows :—" Allow me to call your attention to a remark able suspension of work—l certainly can't call it a strike— which took place on Sunday. Big Ben, instead of striking twice at 2 p.m. struck only once, and then kept holyday till past midnight. Whether he wished to follow the builders' movement, and only to wort: for nine hours, or whether he has turned Sabbatarian, and means never to give tongue on Sundays, I'm sure I can't tell ; •certain it is he only did seven hours' work o n S un d ay, and Mr. Fitzroy will have to give him notice to quit if he doesn't behavik himself better." LITERATURE. The Military Opinions of General Sir John Fox Burgoyne, G.U.B. Collected and Edited by Captain the Hon. G. Wrottesley, RE, Bentley. At the present period, when the national de fences and the general system of our military management are attracting so much of public at tention, the opinions of one who is in any degree an authority on such matters is well worthy of notice. The publication of Sir John Burgoyne's opinions and recommendations is especially suit able, since he was strongly impressed with the deficiency of our national defences, and wrote much and forcibly upon the subject. When Sir John Burgoyne was appointed to the office of Inspector. General of Fortifications in 1845 he was immedi diately struck with the defective state of our mili tary establishments, and the want of preparation to resist an invasion in case of a war with our neighbours. He wrote in consequence the emphatic and vigorous letter which will be found in the early pages of this work, and in reply to which the Duke of Wellington wrote his celebrated letter on the subject. The editor observes, in his preface, that although the circumstances are changed and our defences are no longer in the very defective state then alluded to, yet the general reasoning holds good to the present time, and may tend to prevent our defences from again falling into such a condi tion. Sir John Burgoyne argues forcibly against the different objections brought against any im provements by many persons at that time. Some critics having said that the military endeavoured to raise an alarm for their peculiar advantage, he answers them by saying, that if a builder or brick layer told you your house was in danger of falling you would scarcely neglect the warning because he was an interested person, but you would immediately examine into the truth of the statement. Although times and circumstances are changed since Sir J. Burgoyne made his survey, it may not be uninte resting to peruse his recommendations : It is miserable for a country like England to be reduced to such a condition. A remedy is easily to be applied, and though at a large cost, it is not one that can be put in the slightest degree in comparison with the importance of the object. 1. A large increase of our regular army. 2. The immediate preparation and constant maintenance of ample military equipments of the best description. 3. The organisation of the militia during peace, in a state for boing rapidly assembled and equipped whenever neces sary. 4. The protection of some leading points by fortifications, particularly on the coasts, with some such defence at every xrt in proportion to its importance, from a small battery to defend the entrance of those of minor consequence, to the surrounding in strength of our great arsenals. It is not for me, in this place, to enter into details ; but, subject to higher! authority, I would say, that our regular army should never in peace consist of less than 30,000 men, cavalry and infantry, in Great Britain, that could be collected as an available reserve independent of what is reviredat different stations, including Ireland : that is (allowing for wants in the colonies), an absolute increase of at least that amount to our present army. That such force should be so formed by regiments or battalions of a small peace strength, so as to become a ready nucleus for doubling it quickly on the breaking out of war, or necessity for arming ; as it ought not to be less than 60,000 at such an emergency. This, with the militia, would make us feel secure—would enable us to reinforce any threatened colonies, to trust our fleets away occasionally for important objects; and would even instil into foreign powers some little dread of what might happen to them at their own homes, by an offensive movement on our part—would tend to check their pugna cious dispositions, and afford us a powerful support in nego tiation. With regard to the expenditure, he says, very sen sibly, that while deprecating any unnecessary ex travagance, that the expenditure should be with reference to the real wants of the service, and not to a given sum which, right or wrong, it must be made to fit. "It is very well to talk of abuses, and very right to lop them off without mercy, to reduce such an allowance or establishment, and to correct such and such bad arrangement; but it is most impolitic to make these amendments (which, in the aggregate, only amount to a few thousands of pounds), the plea for abstracting necessary hun dreds of thousands from the efficient wants of the service." With regard to an excessive economy in this respect in time of peace, on the plea of an accumulation of wealth being the best provision for war, he:observes that it is as if, for a security against fire, you laid by your money at interest, to be expended on making engines and organising a proper fire brigade, as soon as the conflagration commenced. The second portion of the work re fers to the war in the Baltic and the Crimea. The third, which is perhaps the most important, treats of general military subjects, and conveys the results of Sir John Burgoyne's valuable experience. Of this part of the work the Editor says :—" Several of the notes in the third part of the work were written during the Peninsular war ; but as those which I have selected for publication are general in their character, they are applicable to all periods. They consist, in fact, of principles, and not of rules, and may therefore be considered as immutable. I should mention, as regards these Peninsular notes, that they were consulted by Sir John Jones and Sir Charles Pooley before the publication of their respective, and that this will account for any coin cidence in language or treatment of subjects which may be found with those writers." Authenticated, as they are; by the consent which General Sir John Burgoyne has given to their publication, and treating of subjects in which, at the present time, even non-professional men are interested, the opinions secure before a la usa rge relickirecllye of readerstocomman . d attention, and will Six Years' Travel in Central America. By Julius Froebel. Bentley. The wild and unsettled regions of Central America have recently been visited by many curious travellers, who have given us records of their im pressions and experiences. Wanderers from the Fatherland have been conspicuous among these adventurers, and the author of the work before us has added another to the list. The plans and pro jects which men of science have contemplasteadcheard rying into effect in those regions have d despatched the numerous expeditions to explore ra country, eks. In and to study 1850, the project of its natural a tural a constructing dwha a h t e h e n N e a i r c a i t r a a g r. e u a a l n i s i a s t t i h o m m u s A w a e s o rgpesn ofe r shipa l ly canalbed i believed e t s o s sent ar e t d h i t t o h p e r r o f t n o r i s ter e h w e e n ll c f e oo s r s liN a thhe y d seurrrgvionyese,rsalhlatdhinbgees appen an ei r d e u u m s d e s f t u t a l on p e r e o s j , e r c e t s . car author, carrying of attracted t by r r yh which grandhthesec h p rm ise be the scen e ga outc ou u to visit f so momentous an undertak ing. He travelled of the States of Nicaragua, Upper Mosquitia, and the shores of the Gulf of Honduras, in his first expedition. Of San J uan del Norte, other wise known as Greytown, he gives a favourable account. The population he represents as very respectable, and far superior in character to that of its neigh bour, Chagres. " The most perfect order and security prevailed at the time of my visit, though hundreds of Californians who had come through the interior of Nicaragua from Realejo filled the taverns. The English protectors of the King of Mosquito kept up excellent police here. A consi derable portion of the inhabitants were coloured people from the interior, as well as from the West Indies ; but the better class was almost entirely composed of foreigners—Americans, English, Frenchmen, Spaniards, Germans, and Italians ; and such the population has remained up to the present time, representing a type of what the population of Central America in general will, no doubt, in due course become." In the environs of Granada the Indian element predominates. M. Froebel asserts that it is an erroneous opinion that this' people is naturally lazy. " Whatever may be said of the descendants of the Spainards in this, or any other American country, and however unwill ing the free negro may be to work, the Central- American Indian is naturally industrious, and is, without any doubt, the most useful and the most respectable component in the Central-American population." The ethnologist will be interested by a curious fact which the author mentions in tracing the races which inhabit the towns of Leon and Granada—that the old animosities of different Indian nations are still at the root of the civil wars of Cen tral America. With regard to the project of the canal, M. Froebel does not express himself very hopefully. He does not profess to give a decided opinion, but fears that the insufficiency of water would be a difficulty. A canal deep and wide enough for all the vessels which would avail them selves of the passage would, he thinks, require more water than the Lake of 'Managua could supply, supposing that line to be chosen. In another chapter, speaking of the Honduras Railway, he observes that the ship canal through Nicaragua, if it were feasible, would be a work of a higher order than any railway through Central America, but that we must remain in doubt whether any of the existing generation will live to see ocean vessels pass through Nicragua. He takes a rapid survey of Central-American history, and remarks on its general position, its geographical advantages, and its future prospects. Two years after this expedi tion M. Froebel was invited to accompany the transport of a firm from Missouri to Chihuahua, and he gladly availed himself of the opportunity to visit those back wilds of the Nortb American con tinent, which are still unsafe and inhospitable to the solitary traveller. In this part of the work we are introduced to the wandering Indian tribes and to the wild and desolate regions which they inhabit. M. Froebel remarks, in speaking of the Red men. " It is very erroneous to imagine that the Indians have a natural and instinctive hatred of the white race. A white man, otherwise qualified, who has a taste to be naturalised among the Indians, is always received by them with wel come, and may attain to high honour in the tribe. But what the Indian hates is civilisation, as much in his own race as among the whites. He makes no distinction of race in this respect, as is evident from the fact that there exists no less hostility be tween the settled and civilised Indians of Mexico, and the savage tribes of the wilderness, than be tween the latter and the civilised whites. Even the Pimas, who dwell on the Gila, and form a valiant vanguard of old Mexican civilisation against the Apaches, and other plundering tribes of the north and east, speak of the latter in the same terms as civilised people speak of barbarians. " They ar e savages who do not pursue agriculture." The an tagonism, consequently, is not one of rac e, but of mode of life. On another occasion the indefatiga ble M. Frcebel accompanied, another trading expe dition of the same firm, when his j ou rney led him from the coast of Texas, through the district of the Gila and Colorado to San Francisco, thus traversing varied regions, and forming a thorough acquaint ance with the different features of Central Ameri can life. Speaking of the San Francisco, the author graphically describes the mixture of races, charac ters, trades, and countries, their varied and con flicting objects, pursuits, and means of exi stence, and then asks if it can be " a cause for surprise and indignation that in such a mixed society, extend ing through the whole State, even to regions where public authority exists only in name, crimes should be constantly perpetrated—that offences should be committed by the community as well as against it-- that quarrels should sometimes occur between the different races ? " He thinks, on the contrary, th a t life should be considered as enc oura g ing in its aspects, since he believes that the most en lightened European community could not ex ist upon " a foundation so absolutely democratic , with so little public authority," without far great er evils ; The author intersperses his work with accoun ts and anecdotes of the natural history of the localitie s he visited, and the numerous coloured illustrat ions which are given enhance the attractions of teresting volume. which Instructions to Young Sportsmen in all relates to Guns and Shooting. By Lieut.-Colonel P. Hawker. Longman. The fact of this book having now reached its eleventh edition is of itself sufficient testimony t° its merits. A more appropriate period than th e present could not have been chosen for its repro" dnction, when the subject of which it treats engag es the general attention, and is of such paramount importance to the interests of the cemmunity• is very satisfactory to meet with a work which .re; cords the experiences and contains the opinions_ °' an eminent authority. This edition is edited .by his son, Major Hawker, and it possesses the °,l vantage of explanatory plates and woodcuts, whie are of essential service to those desirous of s tudyinF, the work. The amount of information wh ich contained in these pages is very considerab le, a° ' the book is throughout written in the most caref ul manner ; at the same time the style is animated' and likely to prove attractive as well as i n structiv e : The general intentions of the author will be bete understood by referring to the preface to the nio;f, edition, which was the last he supervised hitnae" not having lived to fulfil his intention of bringing out the tenth, which task has, however, been me s e ably performed by his son, who has made use 0." nume rous memoranda and notes left by his father' The following passage will serve, to some extent , t° point out the purport of this interesting volume'" . "Every thing here asserted has been the result of 1 011 years' trial and experience; and, therefore, all referenc!, to other publications has been as much declined, as statements from report ; and it has been attempte d dilate most on what has been the least explained by ()the, au" So thors. much, indeed, has been published by more ab l° , writers, on field sports of every description, that little re., mains to be said on the subject. The pursuit of garc` rr e i e already too well known to require much instruction. .1-4, author has, therefore, thought it far better, instead of ing too copiously on that head, to give particular directiovi; for (what gentlemen least understand) getting access wild birds of every description. " With regard also to guns, and the various other l jects that form the remainder of the book, he has takeiViit. his pen with the determination of neither borrowing, dpi out proper acknowledgment, from other works, nor trus ting to any thing from the experiments of other persons. " From having thus declined all assistance, and wii ° confined himself to the limits of his own humble experierZ he will have to apologise perhaps for some errors, an u doubt for many deficiencies. But even this, it is 110 P`its will make the work less objectionable than swellin eats dimensions to an unreasonable size, by relating inciof that possibly never occurred, or commencing a systerc '''-L, piracy on other authors, which nothing would induce ner to do, after the very flattering manner in which his foi e .. editions have been received by the public and the viewers. " He now offers to their notice the ninth edition of t his work, which has of late been in many parts materla7o altered and enlarged. The improvements here added tt re , been the result of still further experience ; and, thereo to may be considered, in some degree, as finishing lesson the those young sportsmen who have before done him honour to attend to his earlier instructions." ..........,...,, ....._ _ ..._...,......., HEALTH - OF LONDON_ TO DURING - WEEK. (From the Registrar-General's Report.) gh The last report showed a decrease on the hls, mortality of the third week of July, and it is sa t " o , factory to find that the present re t ur ns exhib i the further reduction. In the two previous weeks , be deaths in London were 1,605 and 1,419; week ending last Saturday they were I°",, Within the last four weeks the mean weekly te,.l d p e e g r a . t t u o re 63 h B as d f e a g ll . en by continuous decrease fr oth In the ten years 1849-5 8 the average number deaths in the weeks corresponding with last W_ was 1,188 ; but, as the deat hs contained in the pt, sent return occurred in a population that has 111 t c o om th p e ar i e n d er w ea i s th e_ t n h av e 3 aj i e e ; c ra re g a e se r d aie with 1,306. The rate of mortality has the relo b, raised y in can proportion only b e so nearly returned to its ordinary limits, wil ie w however, are capable of great and permanent 130 t ra ction, that the deaths exceeded by only 3 1 f t he number obtained from former ex p er ience in " first week of August. is The births of last week exceeded the deaths the same period by 381. is The deaths caused by diarrhoea, which rose, 0 , the third we e k o f J u l y to 415 . f e ll i n th e folloW ni c a week to 382, an d l as t wee k t o 312 . Th e eorr t o average of ten we e k s (i n 1849-58) c orrespen ul ai. with last week is 170. In five metropolita n t he visions, the East districts, though nev'eelts cest most populous, cont r ib u t e as i n f o rmer . the largest proportion of deaths by diar r , h is - 7 In Shoreditch 19 deaths from it occurr e 'St. Bethnal-green 10, in Whitechapel 8, i ll ' old George-in-the-East 16, in Stepney and Mile-en. o f Town 19, and in Poplar 12. On the south ,S lat er' „t the river 13 occurred in the sub-district of St. - 1 1 ; 00 0 Walworth. Among northern districts MarYl e , t ee. returned 22, Pancras 21 deaths from diarr,ocho, T i here are also 24 deaths recorded as due to ' we re era ' and "choleraic diarrhoea," 14 of which to es, among children. Small-pox was fatal in 20 c diphtheria also in 20, scarlatina in 63, syphil isl ior Three infants and an adult died by murder or n l t i l e slaughter. Five nonagenarians are returne d ' gof three oldest of whom died at the respective age -94, 95, and 97 years. it . of A girl, aged 14 months, died on the 29th ti o vit coup de soleil, and on the day following a w 7forn aged 83 years, died of "cereb r al cong estion .- 0 exposure to intense sunlight." • V Last week the births of 860 boys and 85 8 go ti in all 1,718 children— were reg i s tered in 1 115 6 In the 10 corresponding weeks of the years I° ' the average number was 1,530. fil es° At the Royal Ob serva t ory , G reenw i c h, the - f iris height of the barometer in the week was 2 9.80 ; to The barometer rose from 29.51 in. on Sundai t te 29.96 on Saturday, these being respectiveb' lowest and highest points in the week. The,7l e g../ temperature of the air in the week was 53"° which is 1.5 deg. above the average of the, s-er), week in 43 years (as dete r min e d Mr. Glass hest The thermometer in the shade rose to its hig,ett point, 80 d eg ., on W e d nes d ay , an d f e ll to its 1 ° t a ro 4.8 9 deg. o n S a t ur d ay . Th e range o f temPerfn3 t ea in the week w as th ere f ore 311 deg. The "il i a' daily range was 22.2 deg. On Wednesday the ;epee mometer in the sun rose to 100.3 deg. The dine' d a ir between the mean dew-point temperature as e aa temperature_ was as much as 11.7 deg. Th e . : o let o degree of humidity of the air was 64, c,,,euciloes" saturation being represented by 100; on vv . , e , i , -- erty day the humidity was only 55. The mean t e ',114 4 ture of the water of the Thames was 70. L, which is higher by 6.4 deg. than that of tr s cesP _The wind blew on every day from the sout'' - n . tieg There was rain on the last three days, aln °l-/- to 013 inch, which fell chiefly on ThursdaY. DEVONPORT ELECTION. DEVONPORT, TUESDAY R" l4ll4l cl a ° c.i !i' The polling commence d this morning at eight-L-o . n and the first hou r an d a half's polling gave Mr•10 1 ' . 01 , the Conservati ve candidate a majority of 262 ove r —in `-c , e ., r t tI/„ Seymour, the numbers being 329 and 167. Lat day Admiral Seymour's supporters came more freeu,eloc" poll, and after a severe contest the numbers at four when the poll closed, were— 1,0 96 Seymour (Liberal) 1,047 Ferrand (Conservative) 49 Majority for Admiral Soymour . • TAUNTON. The polling closed as follows 38 3 Bentinck Barclay RAILWAY T r ItAFFIC .RETUA London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway the week ending 6th August, 1859, £23,67 9 ; corre,sY otb week last year, £22,704. South-Eastern Railway.—Traffic for the weelc August, 1859, £26,027 15s. ; corresponding W eek 138' £21,918 7s. 3d. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 10, 18b9,