The Sun. — London, England, 1869-07-31 00:00:00

'IRIT Of THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Saturcluy Review, in discussing Mr. Bruce's version of his interference with Murphy's lectures, observes that the great majority of the House agreed in substance with Mr. Henley, that the first duty of the Government is to keep the peace, and that, if that object is attained, the means employed ought not to be too severely criticised. When a Secretary of State, or even a mayor of a large town, knows that a riot is likely to take place, he probably will care ulna more about removing the cause of dis turhance than about constitutional freedom of speech. It the rioters are too strong for the police, he may think that the simplest method of preserving order is to remove the cause of offence ; and it must he confessed that, if strict justice is to be disregarded, it is as well that any unavoid able hardship should fall upon Murphy. A bull in a pasture through which a footpath runs furnishes reason able cause of alarm ; and if a drunken man insists on waving a red flag in the field, it may be easier to take him to the lock-up house than to pacify the bull. The hints and suggestions of immorality by which the young and the vulgar may be attracted to a lecture form a separate ground of censure ; and, ae far as immediate expediency is concerned, it is convenient to frighten away by menace of penalties au audience which hopes to be gratified by initiation into the fabulous secrets of the confessional. The House of Com mons chewed no disposition to demand the establishmeiit and application of an impartial rule. There is a supersti tion or cant about freedom of speech which sometimes invites the disturbance of sDcial order ; and it may be doubted whether the ancient traditions of law may not require modification in a country studded with enormous towns. It is notorious that, at a public meeting held for the nominal consideration of a eisputed question, the weaker party is never allowed a hearing. The great meet ings which were held to promote Parliamentary Reform were not intended for discussion, but for intimidation by the display of numbers. Since the last general elect ion all parties agree that public nominations might be sup pressed with advantage, and open-air assemblages in great towns are only not dangerous to public peace because the majority is unopposed. In London, where there is a risk that attempts may he made to coerce the Government or Parliament, a Hyde Park mob is a dangerous instrument of sedition. If Murphy is silenced because his follies tend to provoke riots on the part of his adversaries, it is only through timidity that demagogues are allowed openly to urge their followers to violence. The Spectator says that an opinion is abroad, more especially among those Conservatives who still believe in Mr. Disraeli's strategy, that the Irish Church Bill was the withe which bound the Liberals together, and that now the withe is cut the sticks will fall apart. The work the constituencies ordered has been done, and done com pletely; personal idiosyncracies will now again have free play, and the violent differences which must always exist in any Liberal party—Liberalism involving of necessity concessions to individualism—will reappear, and gradually reduce that army to a mob. We doubt the accuracy of that view very greatly, for two reasons, the first and least answerable of them being the national confidence in Mr. Gladstone. He is the cement of the party, and not the Irish Church Bill. It was not the bill which carried him into power, but he who carried the bill by his much ridiculed fullness of speech into the convictions of average electors. So far from his "cry " having assisted Yr. Gladstone, as all Conserva tives and many Liberals are still inclined to think, we believe that it was a serious obstacle in his way ; that the English and Scotch people would scarcely have accepted the cry so heartily from any - other lips ; that it was the profound confidence felt in Yr. Gladstone himself which, more than any argument, extinguished anti-Catholic feel ing ; that had the dissolution been upon any great secular question, say, for instance, the Reform of the House of Lords, the Premier would have carried all the seats he did carry and Lancashire besides. We said there was a second reason for believing that the party would hold together and it is this—every measure of any importance will have to be carried by a struggle between the constituencies and the Lords, which will be severe enough, and interesting enough, to attract popular attention, and make desertions dangerous or impossible. It will not be a question of mea sures to be carried by a greater or less majority—a matter of figures, about which constituencies rarely get savage— but of the measures themselves, and of the continued Premiership of the leader who proposes them. On that point the Liberal party is sure to be united, probably united in principle, certainly united by that dread of the constituencies, that extreme dread, let us even say, which was inspired by the incidents of the last election, and which always follows any great democratic change. The constituencies may reject proposals for themselves, but if they accept them, they certainly will not, with the struggle actually on, let their representatives flinch. That may be delegation instead of representation; but then,if the session teaches anything, it is that under Mr. Disraeli's bill the tendency towards delegation has enormously increased ; that the new electors, unwilling or unable to study the details of politics, are disposed to content themselves with, and to enforce, a few very simple and very broad orders, one of which is that, "till counter. mended," Mr. Gladstone is to Le followed. He, we repeat, is the cement of the Liberal party—a cement which, as the Carlton will find to its great disappoint ment, is stronger than any of the materials it binds. The John Bull declares that the first step the Irish Church should take is to call together, as speedily as possible, her own Convocation. The House of Lords and the Canterbury Convocation alike agreed that great wrong had been done to her, by the repeated refusal of the English Government to concede to her this simple sod needful step. She need not now wait for the consent of Government. There is no Act of Submission for Ireland, and no fear of prcentunire for her clergy, if they do meet in Convocation ; and if there were, public opinion would not for a moment allow any such tyrannical statutes to come into operation in her case. Let the Irish Primates ascertain exactly how Convocation was constituted, when it was consigned to inaction in the reign of George 1., and summon it to meet again in that very same form. The present is a crisis in their Church's history ; and if people consider it a strong measure to take, we can assure them that the time requires strong measures. We want our Episcopate to be convinced that £5,000 per annum is not absolutely necessary before a new bishopric can be had ; and if the Church of Ireland will give evidence of that truth by restoring as soon as possible her ancient bishoprics, in which the labours of the clergy shall be paid in "double honour," according to scriptural precept, rather that in money, she will both confound her foes who had thought they had stricken her to the ground, and will aid and en courage her friends. Let, then, the Church of Ireland at once, and without hesitation, restore her Convocation as it existed in 1714 ; and then as soon as it conveniently can be done, let her restore her full number of dioceses, to the reduction of which her Convocation never consented, to what it was in 1830. These steps will reassure her friends, and will confuse her enemies, the 'united forces of Rome and revolution. The tale of revolutionary triumph at the Pan-Roman Synod will be told with less than anticipated glee ; and Churchmen in England will rejoice to find that the State alone did not give life and organisation to the Church of Ireland, and that the loss of worldly goods has not brought with it a loss of heart or hope, but rather de termination and new energy. The Economist thinks that the Conservatives have reason to feel some anxiety about the general drift of their present policy. It is for them almost a pure mis fortune, though we are by no means sure that they realise it, that they command a decisive majority in the House of Lords, while being in so small a minority in the House of Commons —and in this way. Their natural, and we may say legitimate, policy is to ally themselves with the Moderates in the Liberal party, so as tocheck anything like rash innovation, and to gain time for the count r y in snaking up it s mind on changes of great moment. While the Liberal party is as strong as it is at present in the country, the Conservatives ought to be powerless when the Liberals are united ; but, on the other hand, they ought to regain their power whenever and wherever the Liberals begin to differ among themselves, and the Moderates are more or less inclined to part company with the advanced Liberals. Mr. Disraeli evidently sees, and by helping through the Irish Church Bill, on which the constituencies had virtually decided their action, he has opened the way for a policy of divide ct impera in future sessions—hoping, doubtleee, to make a very substantial beginning on the Irish Land Tenure Bill, on which no one can say that the constituencies have decided, and which . must come on for discussion next session. But, unfortunately—owin g to the very dif ferent balance of parties in the two llouses---Mr. Disraeli is not, able to pursue, without many interferences with its natural drift, the legitimate policy of the Conservative party. It is, we believe, the true interest of Conservatives never to he obstructive—by which of course we mean obstinate when the opinion of the country is a;.;ainst them—but always steadily to retard and even resist changes on which the mind of the country is still undecided. Now in place of this steady and uniform.purpose against innovation, so long as innovation is merely experimental and tentative, the Conservative system now involves a series of obstrise tive vetos on petty matters, awl rare unconditional sur renders on treat matters. Can anything be better calculated to diminish their real influence with the collie . try? In great matte's on which the country's spirit is roused, it sees the Conservatives yielding, but yielding, as Lord Cairns very candidly sail, to a mere terse nuyeure on measures, every line of •which tl.ey " detest." In small matters, on which time spirit of the country is not inflamed. hut on which its intellect is no less convinced, it sees the Conservatives idly thwarting its convictions merely because they have the power ant must sometimes use it. Hence it is periodi cally irritated into r eal disgust v , ith Conservatism; whereas if t ;.; Conservatives never resisted a clearly expressed conviction, but only united with wavering Liberals to check the progress of measures on which no clear conviction has yet been really formed, they might Hie a very powerful po-ition in this country, which has in it a far greater mams of latent Conservatism and timidity than we ever give it credit for. We maintain that the present unfortunate superiority of the Conserva tives in the House of Lords does more than anything else to keep down the Conservatism of the country. It makes the Conservatives appear alternately timid and rash, yielding and obstinate, irresolute and captious, when their true attitude should be one of steady but never obstructive rcstraiut on hazardous or seemingly ill-digested chauge. - CHURCH AM) STATE. "A struggle between Church and State (the Daily News observes) seems to be raging with more or less of earnest ness just now throughout the whole of Europe. -We our selves have just come out of the heat of the strife concern. ing the Irish Church. Russian orthodoxy, if we may judge by a recent decree, is inclined to revise its traditions as to the status of the higher clergy. There is a fight going on just now between the Orthodox Church and the Catholics in Poland. The Danubian Principalities are in volved in the question of the Bulgarian Church, or in the eebates on religious matters which will, it is hoped, soon occupy the attention of the Servian Skuptschina. In Austria the arrest of Bishop Rudiger, of Linz, is in its way a token of contention between Church and State. In Italy the Garibaldini are still ready at the first opportunity to attack Rome ; while the Ecclesiastics still resent the confiscation of their property by the Government of Victor Emmanuel. In Spain the Minister of Finance has jest brought forward a motion to deprive religious corporations of their wealth. In France the Radica's are becoming more power ful, and their attack on the Church recognised by the State is assuming therefore a more serious character. In Sweden a new law has just been passed by the Legi6lature giving increase of religious liberty. Finally, Germany is boiling with extraordinary excitement and alarm at the resolutions likely to be adopted by the coming (Ecumenical Council, which will trespass on the rights of civil government. As if to give salt to the discussion between civil and religious rights, a little event has occurred in Berlin which may be worth noting. A court of civil justice in the Prussian capital has condemned a certain Roman Catholic priest, named Pannier, to a considerable fine, and, in default of payment, to four months'imprison ment, for having, while performing the marriage ceremony, boxed the ears of the bride. The justification of the priest was that the bride was in what is called an in teresting situation. The magistrate, however, decreed that his ecclesiastical authority did not extend to the in fliction of corporeal chastisement, and that he must make amends." A DUEL IN IRELAND. A correspondent of the Dublin Express reports a rare occurrence on the morning of Monday last at Ballybun nion, county Kerry. The facts are as follow :—" A captain of a militia regiment, having been there for some weeks enjoying the magnificent bathing which the place affords, was as usual out on the above morning in company with several other gentle men. One of the parties, a fine stalwart fellow, of gentlemanly demeanour and address, having swam out too far, one of his companions called out, ' Captain, come back.' The militia officer, hearing this, inquired who the ' captain' was. On being told that he had been a captain in the Federal army during the late American war, he passed some insulting remarks on the title. The Federal captain, on being informed of the insulting epithet used, at once went up to the other, and, telling him of his rank, asked what he had to say concerning the officers of the United States Army. The Militia captain repeated the insulting language with considerable additions. A challenge followed, and next morning the Militia captain sent a note accepting the challenge, and appointing a place and time of meeting. On Wednesday morning, at six o'clock, both parties met at th• Sand-hills, near the village, accompanied by their seconds, and after the usual preliminaries exchanged shots. The Federal captain received his antagonist's ball near the right hip, and would certainly have been seriously wounded but for some silver which providentally happened to be in his waistcoat pocket, and turned the course of the bullet, so that he only received a slight flesh wound. The Militia officer, however, did not fare so well, as he received a severe wound between tie shoulder and the neck, but which will not prove mortal." LAW AND POLICE. ATTEMPTED Munprn.—At Maidstone, Susanna Carter was charged with attempting to murder William Glover and Mary Anne Groombridge, at Word. The prisoner had lived with Glover for some years, and became jealous when a niece of hers came to live with them. She left the house, but afterwards returned, and put some poison in the coffee-pot. It was proved that she had been to a chemist's shop in the neighbourhood and got some packages of a preparatian for destroying vermin. When her room was searched a packet of the powder similar to that traced in the contents of the coffee-pot was found. The prisoner, in defence, said she wanted the powder to make a paste for her hand. The jury found the prisoner guilty, and the judge sentenced her to ten years' penal servitude. A GAS ExpLosioN.--At the Cambridge Assizes, an action was brought by a tradesman named Burrows to recover damages caused by an explosion of gas. The defendants were a private gas company, and the explosion complained of resulted from an imperfect pipe laid down on the mulling of the day on which it occurred. The question was whether there was carelessness en the part of the company in not having tested the pipe, or on the part of the plaintiff in carrying a lighted candle near it. Verdict for the plaintiff for £279 for the amount of the sum insured, and £125 for the other injuries suffered. THE ABYSSINIAN INQUIRY. The select committee of the House of Commons charged with the inquiry into the causes of the expenditure in con nection with the Abyssinian war met again on Friday, Mr. Candlish presiding. Mr. Dundas said he considered that it would have been highly inexpedient to have entered into any competing contracts after the Government had empowered the Peninsular and Oriental Company to supply them with coals for the purposes of the expedi tion. The Peninsular and Oriental Companies had at that time a considerable amount of coal on the way to their depot in the East, and this they placed at the disposal of the Government, undertaking to get other supplies for their own use. The coal thus obtained was of more use, therefore, to the Government than any coal which could then have been obtained in England, at whatever price which had been offered, because such supplies could not have been available in time. ft was part of the arrangement with the company that they should fill up their own stores with coal, so that the Government could demand from them what supplies they subsequently required. If the Government had found it unnecessary to make any great demand upon them, these coals would hare remained the property of the company, and no doubt some terms would have been settled for compensating the company for any extra expense. Sup posingthe Government bad entered into a contract with a private individual to send nut a quantity of coal and the expedition had not taken place, it would have occasioned a serious loss to the Government. Witness did not remember any tenders from other persons for the supply of coals until after the expedition had actually com menced. Then speculators were of course desirous to compete. If the Government had let in a con. tractor at a later period, say in December or January, to compete with the Peninsular and Oriental Company, he considered that it would have been not only most unjust, but would have constituted a . ver y su ffi c i ent amount of claim upon the Government by the Peninsular and Oriental Company for reimbursement of expenses. At the conclusion of the evidence the room was ordered to be cleared, the chairman announcing that the com mittee would take no further evidence that day-, and probably no more this session. It is announced in the Gazette that the honour of knighthood has been conferred upon Mr. James Cockle, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Queensland. The journey from London to Edinburgh, a dis tance of nearly 400 miles, has been accomplished on a bicycle by a Mr. Klamroth in six days. AMERICAN VIEW OF THE INTERNATIONAL BOAT PACE.—Wilkes'B Spirit of the Times reproves the American writers who take it as a foregone conclusion that the International Boat Race will be won by Oxford. "good oarsmen as the Oxford crew will no doubt be, there are just as good men elsewhere. The ques tion is whether we have got them in this Harvard crew, It is not at all likely that steam boats or other craft will wilfully impede the Harvard men, and as to accidents from steamers or barges, the Oxford boat will be just as much exposed to them as our own boat. But our writers seem to think that the shouts of the betting-men will have a great effect. Now, if the Harvard crew is going to he paralysed by being shouted at they are not the men we take them for. Then come considerations about the style of rowing. We are reminded of the `rapid style of Harvard.' Well, we heard a good deal about the rapid style of Hamill, but the less rapid stroke of Kelley outrowed him from the start. We are pretty well convinced that much of what is called ' style ' in rowing is a good deal more calculated for shew than use. Every year when the Oxford cres , s appear in the London waters the amateurs and critics sny that that their style is bad, but In the races they manage to get home first. Again, according to the critics, the ' style ' of the boatmen of St. John's is about the worst in the world, but for all that they won in the International Race in France, and .rowed clean away from the Wards at Boston. Therefore, we would advise the Harvard crew to put no trust in what they hear about style, but instead of leaning upon such a reed, leave nothing undone to attain good condition, which will prov9staff of iltrenzthA d - THE SUN, _LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 31, 1869. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. IdIU. me revenue for the same period is estimated at £lOB,OOO. TIIE ST, PANCRAS GUARDIANS AND THE POOR-. LAW BOARD. The Guardians of St. Pancras are beaten at last. From their first election they have set themselves against the Poor-law Board. The dispute began in the matter of the non-elected, the " appointed" guardians. The elected guardians thought that they, and they only, should have control. They met at times when the appointed guardians could not attend, and when ordered by the Central Board to meet at a seasonable hour, they refused to grant relief. They did not dare, happily, to repeat this impropriety, but tried to take vengeance on the Poor-law Board and the official guardians by suspending the master of the workhouse, because—as was manifest—he had been civil to the Poor-law Board's nominees. An investigation was immediately ordered by the Govern ment. The master was reinstated and the guardians rebuked for removing him. This " tyranny of cen tralisation " made the local Ifampdens furious, and they assembled in high wrath swearing vengeance against Mr. Goschen and " all his minions." They ordered the master's sus pension to be continued, and dared the Poor-law Board to take any steps. They have received in reply a letter, quiet, complete, and dignified. By it they are virtually disestablished. In this billet deux the Board express their surprise, after the impartial inquiry held into the allegations against the master, and the report chewing that they were not substantiated, at the conduct of the guardians in again suspending the master without assigning any reason or without any fresh charge against him. "In order, however, to prevent a recurrence of such proceedings on the part of the guardians, the Poor-law Board have felt it their duty to exercise the powers vested in them, and prohibit the board of guardians of St Pancras from suspending any officer between the present time and the 17th April, 1870." The date fixed upon is the day on which, under the provisions of the Metropolis Poor Act, the new board of guardians to be elected by the ratepayers will take their seats. STORY OF A PEER'S RELATIVE. There is now in the Paddington Infirmary a pan., per inmate who is a blood relation to a peer of the realm, and was lately possessed of property worth from R 50,000 to £OO,OOO. This man rapidly sank from the highest to the lowest rank of the State. It does not appear that he was a plunger or gambler, but, unfortunately, he was involved in the firm of Overcnd, Gurney, and Co. (Limited), which amounts to pretty much the same thing. The great crash which brought so many families to poverty, left so many widows without sustenance, and so many daughters without portion, dissipated his £50,000, and h e i s n ow a pauper. Th a t a man of fortune should be br o ught to beggary by City doings is nothing extraordinary ; the guardians could readily understand that. What puzzled them was, that a relation of a peer should be left in a workhouse, and be dependent for little luxurie, on the charity of the master and matron, whc compassionated his " gentlemanly behaviour." It was, therefore,, determined to write to his lordship— it is to be regretted that his name is not given — informing him of his relative's circumstances. It is to be hoped that the peer of the realm knows nothing •about the matter at present. No doubt he will be glad to send a little tea and sugar, and probably a few broken victuals. Would it be advisable to send the hat round to City men ? however, could know nothing of the "alarming intelli gence," whatever it may amount to, which has reached the Spanish Embassy at Madrid. But he mentions the fact that public feeling in Spain is arising on all sides against the Pretender, and that numerous address from citizens offering aid have been sent in to the Government. The behaviour of Olozaga, the Ambassador at Paris, is much complained of at Madrid. This diplomatist has not sent his Government any information whatever touching the Carlist doings, though the conspiracy has been hatch ing in the French capital for some time past. Ile tele graphed to Madrid that Don Carlos was at Fontainebleau when the Pretender had really departed for the Spanish frontier. Is this remissness or worse? ask the Spaniards. THE HEALTH OF oun STATESMEN. Two of our Ministers, the Premier and the Presi dent of the Board of Trade, have succumbed to excitement and overwork, and both of them have to keep themselves quiet for a while. They are recovering, happily, and will hardly be kept from official duties very long. Mr. Gladstone's anxiety to return to his place in the House is the main cause of his continued weakness. The Lancet gives a report upon the condition of the right hon. gentle man :—" After, and probably in consequence of, prolonged anxiety and tremendous work, Mr. Gladstone's health ga v e wa y on Thursday, July 22. By the assistance of some palliative treatment he was enabled to leave his bed on Friday for the purpose of watching the debate and making his now celebrated speech. Excitement for a time sustained him, but when that was over his malady (diarrhrea) recurred with great severity. He went to Chisel hurst on Saturday, and in consequence of a chill and some over-exertion he suffered front a slight relapse. Ile is now progressing favourably, but is too anxious rbout his official duties for a rapid recovery of strength." Mr. Bright's state is not so serious as the Premier's; and both hope to be in harness again next week. THE SCOTCH EDUCATION DILL. Scotehmen are getting anxious about their Educa tion Bill. For some time they have been very dis satisfied at the course taken by the Government. Many Scotch members are really displeased that the Government allowed the bill to remain over till so late in the year, and that now no measures are being taken to push it on. The smouldering discon tent is not unlikely to break out ere long. Another point upon which some soreness has been felt is the matter of denominational schools. Members say that their views are being disregarded to conciliate the Tory vote. Such are the Northern views; but it may be remarked that the Scotch members themselves wasted several hours on the first night of committee. THE PATENT LAWS. Mr. ➢lacfie, M.P., renews his attack in the Daily News upon the Patent Laws. He still holds that a monopoly makes an invention dear, and he still re fuses to recognise the force of the objection that an invention makes production cheaper or the product better, and that it is useless unless sold to do so. Ho further contends that to pay an inventor in the way we do is eminently unsatisfactory ; is unfair to the inventor, for he rarely obtains the royalty for him self ; is unfair to the nation because it is a dear way of paying. He denies that Switzerland has suffered by the abolition of the Patent Laws, pointing out, first, tha t it is no argument for patentsthat one country, standing alone, is spoiled of her works through the operation of unwise laws in the nations surrounThig her; and, secondly, that Switzerland does in effect obtain the benefit of what is imparted to other countries. Mr. Macfie, moreover, contends that a system of State rewards can easily be carried out, if care be taken that the inventions for which acknowledgments are given are practically useful. The _Beehive, as representing the working men, very earnestly protests against Mr. Maefie's conclusions. It acknowledges that there is something in the argument that no patents ought to stand in the way of further improvement ; and admits that practically they often do. But our contemporary holds strongly that an inventor has ,property in what he discovers ; the State must recognise that. Patents are not held for ever, and the monopoly might be so modified as to take away the principal objections to it. SECRETARYSHIPS. Captain Galton was appointed by rumour a few days ago to the post of Secretary to the Treasury, about to be vacated by the appointment of Mr. Hamilton as Irish Church Commissioner. Another gentleman is now found by the same authority for the post. A London correspondent of a Scotch con temporary writes :—" I understand that the post of Permanent Secretary to the Treasury, abouttobecome vacant by the appointment of Mr. G. A. Hamilton to the position of Irish Church Commissioner, will be conferred upon Mr. St:instal." The same correspondent has the following :—" The office of Secretary of State for Scotland, should the Govern ment determine to create it, will, I believe, Le filled up by Mr. Paxter, who, in his present post, has won golden opinions from both sides of the House." This latter is a very ingenious guess at a future event. The Governmiont has not yet determined to create an officer, and yet the officer has been fixed upon. PROFITABLE STATE BUSINESS. The oflico of Land Registry does not carry on a very lucrative business. Its balance-sheet slims: expenses, !:"J",-ICO ; revenue, £2CO. This melan choly state of bankruptcy proves clearly enough that the system of land registry in its present form is a tailor ,, . Th e gehem o was CSta- Usbed under Lor(7s Westbury and Cranworth to carry out the highly-important object of registering (states, FIO that each owner should have an indefea sible title. People, however, like to leave legacies of litigation to their descendants; and, moreover, the bill establishing the office was not in accordance with the recommendations of the royal commission which investigated this subject. Bence the office is as useless as it is costly. The whole of the £260 was paid by one company. The Chancellor of the Exchequer hopes to do something in the way of reform. We need no; despair. Considering that this scheme was fought tooth and nail by the lawyers through fear that it would diminish their pickings, it is not surprising that a perfect system has to be obtained by inatahncnts. WELSH LANDLORDS. A. correspondence has taken place between Mr. Richard, member for Merthyr Tydvil, and Messrs. Gadsden and Treherne, solicitors and agents for a gentleman owning large landed estates in South Wales, to whom Mr. Richard referred in his speech in the House of Commons on the subject of Welsh landlords. The solicitors wrote to Mr. Richard to say that he had been " strangely misinformed" with regard to the eviction of Caleb Morris. He did not receive notice on religious or political grounds, but because he was one of the worst tenants on the estate. So far from the widow and children being treated harshly after his death, their client had instructed them to remove her, if practi cable, to some other farm on the estate. They fur thermore state that they received orders not to influence the votes of the tenants, and only three tenants out of a hundred received notice to quit next Michaelmas, one being Caleb Morris, and the other two persons who bad voted for the Conservative candidate. In reply to this com munication Mr. Richard said that he had applied to the gentleman who had fur n i s h e d hi m w i t h t h e in formation concerning Caleb Morris, and on his Authority contradicted these assertions. Messrs. Gadsden and Treherne thereupon stated that they had no alternative but to make such use of the cor respondence as might best vindicate their client's character. A CONCESSION. The Lords are in an amiable humour. Recent events appear to have taught them how to make concessions. They have recently accomplished another act of self-sacrifice, one for which the mem bers of the House of Commons will be most thankful. They have given up for the convenience of the Lower House their Conference Chamber, the windows of which front the river Thames. The represen tatives of the people are going to turn this room into a dining-hall. Everyone ought to be full of thankfulness to the Upper House for this good act. The extreme Radical can point to It as another instance of the supremacy of the people; the Con servatives can shew that nobility has been obliging. " FREE TRADE." On Thursday evening Mr. Ayrton had occasion to ask for the sum of £97,000 as a vote towards the ex penses of the Dublin police. One member complained that this charge was increasing, and nobody, not even Mr. Ayrton himself, seemed quite to comprehend why this expense should be borne by the British taxpayers generally. Colonel French, with some shew of contempt, came to the rescue. " The fact was that when the Corn Laws were repealed it was thought Ireland would suffer, and these charges were undertaken by the Imperial Government as some compensation to Ireland." This means that when Free Trade was introduced, Ireland was to some extent made an ex ception. The essence of Free Trade is that individual interests should not be propped up' by artificial means. But this principle does not, it seems, apply to Ireland. Lest she sho'dd suffer from a free-trade measure, the expenses of her police are taken upon the broad shoulders of John Bull. Exceptions of this kind in favour of the troublesome land across the water are constantly cropping up. THE CIVIL SERVICE ESTIMATES. Several Conservatives came to the assistance of the Government on Thursday evening, and thus saved them from being defeated on Mr. Pyland's amendment to strike off £lO,OOO front the expenses of her Majesty's missions and em bassies abroad. Among the Ayes (in favour of the amendment) were Mr. Jacob Bright, Sir Henry Bulwcr, Mr. Henley, and Mr. Morley. The Conservatives who supported the Ministry were— Sir C. B. Adderley, Mr. Ormsby Gore, Mr. Graves, Mr. Howes, Mr. Laird, Mr. Gore-Langton, Mr. Phipps, Mr. C. S. Read, Lord Saudon, Mr. Selater Booth ' Mr. Scourfielil, Lieutenant-Colonel Sturt, and _Mr. Tipping. THE FIRST ITEM OF COST FOR THE 'TELEGRAPHS. The first item in the bill cause d by th e assumption of the telegraphs by the Government has been pre sented to Parliament. Mr. Ayrton asks the House of Commons to vote him £OO,OOO ; which sum, he says, is required for the expenses of the telegraphic service exclusive of the interest on the purchase X l l.ollell fagullistigst__Qf Zanuars, to :oat _nt3rikreh CRIME IN IRELAND. The judges of Ireland are doing good service by their continued denunciations of the way criminals are treated and regarded in that country. Lord Chief Baron Pigott has added his condemnation. At the Tipperary Assizes, over which ho is presiding, there are thirteen serious cases, including three murders, in the calendar, forty-five offences being reported by constabulary since the last assizes. Referring to this proportion, Baron Pigott strongly deprecated the conduct of those I ho, being threatened or hurt, were so cowardly as to bo afraid, or so lax as not to care, to give all possible assistance the authorities in o vertaking and punishing offenders. TF, ICIIERS. The number of pupil teachers in Government schools has consid e rably increased. Formerly there was a great want of them, now there arc plenty. Who is to be credited with this improvement . :' Mr. Forster, in Lis recent speech, said it was due to a feeling that education was becoming more impor tant, and that more schoolmasters would be required ere long. iNfr.Corry is jealous of that, and takes the trouble to write over from Carlsbad to say that a minute issued by him in 1867, giving an increased capitation, has caused much of the improve ment in the number of teachers. Mr. Flint, the well-known writer on education, thinks Mr. cf.rry to be r:2-ht ni,(l vvrevrvr, right in ascribin , the number of pupil teachers to the minute, wrong in being jealous on account of Mr. Forster's statement. Mr. Forster acknowledged the good effects of the minute in the last report of the Committee of Council on Education. It is to be hoped that Mr. Corry will be satisfied with this ascription of honour where honour is due. SUPPLY OF COTTON FROM INDIA. An important conference has been held at the Westminster Palace I lotel concerning the supply of cotton from India. Mr. Ashworth took the chair, and said that they would have met earlier but for the promise that America would supply sufficient cotton this year. Such rcas, however, not likely to be the case. Lancashire was in a strait in consequence of the short supply cf the raw material. India was the only quarter whence adequate supplies could be expected, but the difficulties of communication must first be overcome. A. discussion took place, and among the resolutions passed was one to the effect that the meeting viewed the statement of the Duke of Argyll as to the extension of the railway system of India with satisfaction, and that it was of opinion that the pro posed outlay was too small, ten millions a year at least being needed for the .agricultural deve lopment of the country. It was suggested that to short lines of railway, export i o r f cotton, so much required to oy preference t f l a i cn e itmanufacturersa tshouldete h be ggiven of this country. THIN SOWING AND TIIIC CROPS. Mr. Mechi, of Tiptree Hall, again advocates thin sowing in the columns. of the 7ime3. He declares .it to be a mistake to suppose that thin sowing dete riorates either the grain or the straw. In the same letter Mr. Mechi gives us his opinion of the crops, mentioning, by the way, a very curious notion in Sussex. and Essex. " A month of bright sunshine, without rain, has so matured the grain crops that the sample will be much better and the harvest earlier than was expected. Still, I think (h e sa y s ), the wheat crop will scarcely reach an average. Old folks say that as the now moon falls on the Saturday (August 14) we are to have a wet time following. If so, we must try and get our grain crops stacked early. Roots and vistnrcs would rejoice but the drying machine may be in request. The same notion about a new moon on Saturday and full moon on Sunday preceding a wet time prevails in Suffolk ; where the labourers say Saturday moon and Sunday full Never was good, and never wool." FOREIGN NOTES. BEDUCTIOS or mu ritual AUMT. The important statement of the Constitutionnel that the active French army is to be reduced, is given to all appearance on good authority. Soldiers belonging to 'the classes that may be liberated iu 1869 and 1870 are to be sent home, and the usual travelling-papers for the six months' conge will be at once delivered. Moreover, men belonging to the second por tion of the classes which may be liberated only in 1871 and 1872 will obtain, after September next, an unlimited leave of absence. " All these measures are equivalent to the dis missal of 500 men per regiment, or 50,000 for . the whole line." The Constitutionnel regards this change both as a step in the direction of economy and as a guarantee for the maintenance of peace ; and if the information be correct, it undoubtedly is so. THE CABLISTS IN SPAIN. A somewhat alarming symptom is noticeable with respect to the Carlist movement. We now hear nothing about it. From time immemorial no news from Spain has been, with much reason, interpreted as equivalent to bad news ; when things are going prosperously, the telegraphs, which are under the control of the Government, send forth endless bulletins to reassure the world; but wl en the enemies of the Government make way the wires become suddenly silent. Whether the lack of intelligence touching the Carlist rising is to be thus interpret:A remains to be seen. It will be strange, indeed, if after nun erous checks, and the dispersal of the only considerable force which has yet assembled, the par tisans of the Pretender manage to overturn the Government of Prim and Serrano. The Liberte, how ever, assures us that alarming news has been received at the Spanish Embassy at Paris, though we have no intel• ligence as to what the nature of these evil tidings may be. Has the army revolted? More arrests have been made at Madrid, divers indi viduals being denounced by their accomplices who are already in prison, and who naturally desire companionship in misfortune. The Carlist force which was beaten near Ciudad Real on Saturday has dispersed all over the coun try. " Numerous insurgents implore pardon, declaring that they have been deceived by their chiefs." The Inde pcndance Beige says that the fight at Ciudad Beal was very severe, the Carlists losingnot fewer than thirty killed. The Madrid correspondent of the same journal says that Pampeluna, was to be the base of the Carlist operations, and that the discovery of the plot to seize the citadel is AlLt4C44l37.llAWltil—thialttitUdgeLcalin.-21..14313itett, A ROYAL MARRIAGE IN SWEDEN. The marriage ceremony uniting Frederick, Crown Prince of Denmark,lo Louisa, Princess Royal of Sweden, was celebrated with great rejoicing at the Swedish capital en Wednesday afternoon. Much advantage to tha Scandinavian States maynotunreasonably be expected from this union. The Times has no hope that the marriage IN 11 lead to the junction of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark under one crown, because women are not allowed to reign in Sweden, and the succession therefore devolves upon the family of the King's brother. But that there will be intimate friendship and cordial co-operation and support amongst these nations of a kindred race may fairly lie A—, NAZZINI. One of the Swiss communes has conferred the right of citizenship upon Mazzini. As the Republican leader has accepted the offer, the Government of Berne—by whom the privilege must be confirmed—will find itself conside rably embarrassed. The Italian Minister of Justice has just submitted to the Federal authorities a series of documents shewing that Mazzini has laboured since 1832, not merely as the champion of Republicanism, but with the object of introducing that form of government into Italy, by force, if needful. The Italian Government, says one writer, has not made sny special request to the Ministry at Berne ; but can Switzerland allow this arch agitator to become one of her citizens ? THE INSURRECTION IN CUBA. Despite the proclamation of General Caballero de Rodas, the Cuban insurgents still give the Government great trouble. A telegram from Philadelphia says that they are very active in the Central Department, and have de stroyed much property. A large insurgent force recently attacked Puerto Principe. It was repulsed, with heavy loss, according to the Spanish accounts ; but the fact that it was a large force is quite at variance with previous statements that the insurrection was now confined to guerilla parties. It appears that the determination of the American Government to put the neutrality laws in force against the insurgents was in great measure owing to the capture by the Spaniards of a batch of letters from the Cuban Junta. This insurgent correspondence shewed that two expeditions had succeeded in landing in Cuba, and that others had sailed or were fitting out. The Spanish Ambassador at Washington laid the letters before General Grant's Cabinet, and prompt action was at once taken. It seems that neutrality accidents do sometimes occur even in America. (From the Anglo-American Times.) We learn by telegram from New York, on Thursday, that the Radicals of Mississippi are or ganising an opposition to Mr. Dent, who is reported to be :receiving :support from the Democrats. It is amusing to watch the complications arising be tween the parties. Judge Dent is Grant's brother in-law, and Grant cares nothing for party, but cares much for friends, connections, and relatives. Secretary Boutwell, about the most influential member of the Cabinet, is wedded to his party, and upholds it at any sacrifice. Ile has thrown Dent over board because he is not a Republican, and the Demo crats have picked him up. These Southern Conserva tives are wiser in their generation than the North ern Conservatives, and they know how to play upon Presidents. Dr. Sharpe, another brother-in law of General Grant will be run in Virginia for U. S. Senatorship, to the evident satisfaction of the President. Southerners seem inclined to make their conqueror their leader, but as their prin ciples do not tally with those of some of the Ca binet Ministers, a split in the Administration may be the result. We hope, however, that nothing may occur to disturb Mr. Boutwell, who has done so much to win the confidence of the national con fidence. From Philadelphia, on ,Thursday, it was an nounced that "Cuban telegrams say the insurgents are active in the Central Department, and have destroyed much property about Trinidad. Recently a largo insurgent force at tacked Puerto Principe, but were repulsed with a heavy loss. The conscription will soon be enforce 1 throughout Cuba. The newspapers there insist on Ono hundred and forty of Colonel Ryan's men have been diseliarg,d under parole not to violate the neutrality laws." The only other item by Cable is, that President Grant and Mr. Fish have gone to Washington from Long Branch to attend a special Cabinet Council. We may add that the news by Cable this week has been unusually meagre. The celebration of the Fourth of July is attract ing some attention, as it annually leads to numer- ous deaths, and a great destruction of property. Respectable people have to fly from the great cities where the patriotic fire guns, let off crackers, and blaze away powder, utterly regardless of the limbs and property of their neighbours. if the hecatomb of dead continues annually thus to increase, as well as the already heavy bill for losses by fire, the day will come to be set down as one of America's grievances against England. " Bad scran to yer," as the Irish woman said, who was stung by a nettle while tres passing on the grave of a former acquaintance, " living or dead, ye have always a sting in ye." Annually there is a massacre ; annually there is a saturnalia ; when the peaceably-disposed flee, and the rowdy riot ; eyes are put out, fingers shot off, legs and arms blown away, and numbers of chil dren disappear, who are heard of no more. Even in Boston, where every effort is made to protect from accident, and to employ the children, 50 inqui ries for different missing boys and girls were made at a single police-station last anniversary. The way it is celebrated is becoming an intolerable bore, as well as a day of disaster, and people ask if they could not devise some better means of demonstrat ing their thankfulness for what the anniversary represents than by offering to Moloch a yearly sac rifice of children and burnt property. The aerial steam-carriage Artier is described as a balloon, shaped like a cigar, 37ft. long, 11 high, and 8 wide at the centre, from which it tapers to the ends. Lengthwise, below the centre, is a cane frame work, braced with wire, to which are affixed two wings, one on either side, which are 5 feet wide, narrowing to a point, made of white cloth fas tened to a light frame-work. A rudder is fixed to the hinder part of the frame around the balloon, by which the head of the carriage whon in motion ia clu vated or depressed, as well as turned to one side or the other, as is a boat. There is an indentation at the bot tom of the ballon in the centre for the engine and ma chinery, the boiler and furnace being only a foot long, 4 inches wide, and 6 high. The cylinder is 2 inches in diameter, and has a 3-inch stroke. The crank connects by means of cog-wheels, with tumb ling rods which lead to the propellers, one on either side of the carriage. The propellers are each two bladed, 4 feet in diameter, and are placed in the frame-work of the wings. The boiler is made to carry eight pounds of steam, which is generated by spirit lamps. When not inflated, the carriage weighs eighty-four pounds; and this model balloon has a capacity of 1,360 feet of gas. The trials proved that the air offered less resistance than had been calculated, and that the power of the propellers is greater than was estimated ; also that the rudder is a perfect means of steering, the balloon sensi tively obeying it. Although looking awkward in the building, the model is said to present a beautiful appearance i❑ the air, but while many are sanguine in San Francisco, as is the inventor, Mr. Marriott, the success of their flying machine is much doubted in the Eastern States. It is doubtful whether England, although more than half a century has elapsed, knows all the truth about the battle of Waterloo ; indeed, the generally received opinions of the battle in England, France, and in Prussia all differ materially, and are each alike arable, yet Waterloo was the crowning bat tle of Napoleon's campaigns, and has, therefore, all the greater historical interest. Gettysburgh was the crowning battle of the great American Civil War, although fought in the middle of the struggle. More men may have fallen in action after Gettys burgh than before, yet the Ist, 2d, and 3d days of July, 1863, mark the turning point of the war. Before Gettysburgh, the South fought on equal terms ; in fact, those who did not know the compa rative resources of the warring sections believed the South to be superior—Gettysburgh settled this; for it was in the attempt io change the theatre of action into the Northern States that that battle was fought, and thenceforth the Southern States were aware that with them it must be a war of defence, that at best they could only hope to beat off their enemy—the North being sealed for ever against in vasion. The Generals who fought on the Union side have been invited to visit the field and mark out and fix the relative positions of their commands during the conflict, and it has been suggested that the Confederate Generals should also be invited, so that doubts and disputed points might be cleared up, and the history of the great battle of the war accurately written. Unfortunately, the latter pro posal has met with a general opposition, but whe ther carried out now or hereafter, we hope it may be adopted before it is too late, for men die and memory even fades while they live. Among the curious presents received by General Grant not the least remarkable are some which have lately reached him from Mexico. The President is only the most conspicuous, as the articles which have been transmitted to Washington were for dis tribution between General Sherman, Mrs. Lincoln, and Mr. Seward as well. Sabos Iturbide forwarded them on behalf of a Mexican who refused to give his name, but desired to mark his appreciation of their work in the abolition of slavery. The President receives— " A silver coffee-set of 36 pieces, and some dressed leather skins ; General Sherman an egg-boiler and holder; for ox-Secretary Seward there is an inkstand and pen holder, most ingeniously contrived, beside a call-bell ; and Mrs. Lincoln's portion of the lot is a heavy card-basket. All of the articles are of solid silver without any dearth of metal, and of the most beautiful finish and workman ship. President Grant and General Sherman's portion have been delivered, and some idea may be formed of their value from the fact that the duty on President Grant's lot was $748, and on General Sherman's $161." It is not a little surprising to find, almost simul taneously, an agent in Washington endeavouring to sell San Domingo, body and bones, to the United States, and an announcement iu London, from a well-known London and Edinburgh firm, offering a six per cent. loan of £757,700 for the Republic of San Domingo at the price of £7O, redeemable at par in 25 years by an accumulative sinking fund. What sum Mr. O'Sullivan, who lately arrived in Wash ington to negotiate the sale of the Republic to the United States, asks for the island is not mentioned, but there is something contradictory in these nego tiations. Our old friend Alto Vela again turns up, and we would like to know what Judge Black and Mr. Seward have to say about the new claimant. Alto Vela seems to have no lack of owners, if that is any encouragement to investors ; but before ac cepting the following announcement, it might be ad visable to examine a title which is claimed in Spain, in the United States, in San Domingo, as well as in England, at least so far as the right of working it is concerned. "The loan is specially secured by hypothecation of the Customs' dues, and by the royalties on the guano deposits of the island of Alto Vela, for the working of which, together with the mines and minerals of the Bay of Samana, an exclusive contract has been granted to Messrs. Lawson." May we ask--Who by? The Wash ington correspondent of the Tribune wrote, on the 16th July :-- "The annexation of the Island of San Domingo to the United States is admitted to be merely a question of time. Responsible pers(ns representing the Government of the island have recently been in Washington for the purpose cf securing the aid of the Administration in their efforts to negotiate its absorption. They say that their object can be accomplished without expenditure, and argue th4tt the value of the coffee and similar products of Cuba. They will return when Congress meets to urge their project before that body." Notwithstanding that Ohio has received more than her share of foreign appointments, Secretary Fish has been induced to alter his intention of giv ing that State no more, for Col. C. N. Goulding, of Ohio, Chief Quartermaster of the 23d Army Corps during the war, has been appointed Consul to Hong Kong, China, vice J. J. Allen, of Ohio, removed ; James R. Weaver, of West Virigina, has been appointed United States Consul at Brin disi ; and L. T. Adams, of New York, has been appointed Consul at Malta ; we wonder whether the news of Mr. IVinthrop's death was known when this appointment was made. Mr. Grenville-Murray's case has reached the stage which might have been anticipated when a man has everybody against him, even the ingenious savage wielding the Tomahawk: who does not ob ject to do some scalping on his own account. Mr. Murray prided himself ou being diplomatic, and our opinion is that he was a great deal too diplomatic, at least as diplomacy was regarded in the olden time s. Perhaps Mr. Murray holds that words were given to conceal thoughts and misrepresent acts ; but this, if ineffectual in keeping him out of a scrape, has proved even more ineffectual in getting him out of one. On Thursday Dukes and Lords hurried to secure a place beside the Marlborough - street " beak," anxious to see the man who had dared to vilify their order on the rack. But Mr. Murray had no fancy to make another exhibition of him self to gratify the spleen of his foes, so he judged it best to proceed to Paris to look after the son he had spoken of in court in such endear ing terms. Pleading an attack of dysentery, certi fied to by two medical gentlemen, he remained in the French metropolis, and his counsel asked that the case might proceed without him, which Mr. Knox peremptorily refused, forfeiting his bail, and issuing a warrant for his arrest. it is in this un satisfactory position that the affair has been left, for we know as little of the conspiracy by which his opponents triumphed over him as we do of his con nection with the Queen's Messenger, and who wrote what the T imes calls the scurrilous articles. The I imes, by the way, is highly gratified at this result, and writes cheerfully to show what a change has occurred within a generation in public opinion re garding offensive personalities in journalism, so popular not very long ago. There is a newspaper in the United states which advocates a monarch, privileged orders, and all the other paraphernalia of Empire for the Republic. Now, we would suggest that Mr. Grenville Murray, always presuming that he has a controlling influence over the Queen's Mes senger, should run it in . New York against the Im perialist, whereby he would supply the antidote to the anti-Republican poison of that organ. Mr. Murray is an able writer, and he has, doubtless, collected scraps of truth from the histories of " our hereditary legislators," the gossamer web of which he knows so well how to spin through a leading article, the citizens of the United States.might be furnished with telling illustrations of what a high order a privileged class becomes, even under the most favourable circumstances. The grain crops of the United States ara every where good, and all reports agree in predicting the yield to be one of the most abundant ever known. California calculates on 30 bushels of uncommonly fine heavy wheat to the acre ; Georgia's crop is the best since 1860 ; Texas expects a good wheat as well as the largest cotton crop ever taken in the State. The Valley of the Upper Mississippi, lowa, and Indiana have been retarded by excessive rain, but the crops are now said to look uncommonly well. Indiana calculates on 20 bushels of wheat to the acre. In Arkansas the yields of all kinds will be excellent ; in New England the crops have greatly improved, and the hay is unusually heavy, as it is in Ohio. in parts of New York some fields of wheat will, it is believed, yield 40 bushels to the acre, and 50 of barley. Whatever may be the im- migration there will be food enough for all, and plenty to spare, the farmers' only fear being as re- girds the prices in Europe. The elections in the three unreconstructed States at present engages most attention. Even now the point remains unsettled whether the election in Virginia was a Conservative triumph or not, the balance of opinion being that it was a Conservative triumph, because the strongly pronounced Radicals seem greatly to dislike it. Secretary Boutwell does not conceal his opposition, predicting danger to the party with which he is allied, and which he consi ders it to be his duty by all honest means to sup port. This he plainly told Judge Dent, the Presi- dent's brother-in-law, when he called to ask the aid of the Treasury Department in his canvass for the Governorship of Mississippi. Mr. Walker, the Governor-Elect of Virginia, is to be sent for the long term to the United States Senate, and will be suc ceeded by Lieut.-Governor Lewis, from whom the railway corporations anticipate aid, itii4 is announced to be the scheme at present, but Mr. Walker is taking his holiday at Binghampton, New York, which he reached on the 15th inst. The President has issued two proclamations; the one ordering the election in Mississippi to be held Nov. 30, the other ordering the votes in Texas to be taken on the same dal; the disfranchising clauses were not adopted in the constitution of the Convention which met at Austin on the 15th June, and therefore no separate vote i 5 required in Texas. According to the official r eturns given by General Canby for the cities of Richmon d and Norfolk and 41 counties of Virginia the votes were :—For Walker, 58,662 ; for Wells, 54,406; Walker's majority so far, 4,256. The vote for the Constitution was 106,922, and against it 3,487. Th e majority a ga i ns t th e t es t oa th , a b out 11,0 00 ; an' against the disfranchisement clause, about 12,1 75 ' The full official account shows Walker's majoriti to be but 17,500, and not over 20,000 as said. General Terry, commanding in Georgia, has for' warded an official report on the murder of &man° Adkins in May last. A considerable number We re concerned in the assassination, five shots we re fired, one by the man who did the act, another hi Mr. Adkins when the murderer was running away' and three by confederates. Every effort had been made to provoke Mr. Adkins into drawing his Pi s ' tol, his wife and himself being insulted at the rail way station, and insolent remarks uttered within his hearing. The Senator, when dying, gave the name of the murderer, but no effort wns made hi the civil authorities for his arrest, and it is believed, when he found the military on his track, that he fled the country. Numerous other outrages ar e reported by the officer commanding at IVarrentent for which no one has been punished. The question t how far the military canact constitutionally again e , civil criminals has bee n f u ll y argue d b e f ore Chi' Justice Chase. H e h as reserve d hi s d ec i s i on , an in the meantime the trial of Yerger proceeds, th e President having informed the Chief Justicei through the Attorney-G enera l, t h a t no sentence of a military tribunal will be carried into effect wh ile the question is pending, and proceedings have be e: initiated for bringi ng th e w h o l e su bj ec t before the Supreme Court next October. The Cuban question has again come before th e Washington Administration ; this time the sugg e st tion urged on its attenti on b e i ng b ase d on tu t, article which appeared in the London Times, poi ° ing out the axle of the i s l an d b y th e Spaniards , be their only prudent means of retreat from a Pe el ; tion barely tenable now, but certain soon to becur e A wholly untenable. Commen ting o n thi s , we s uggest s D that the Cubans should p urc h ase th e i s land for themselves, the United States Government merely o acting as agents for the secu r ity o f C u b a and satisfy the honour of Spain. Thi s i s a b ou t what is e urged in Washington, the b on d s f or th e purchn e t money to be endorsed by the U n it e d St a tes ; tb a hostilities should cease, and a g e nera l election ,0 called to give the people an opportunity of pressing their view on separation and indePe dente. It is hoped th a t th e C a bi ne t w ill take t/ ' the idea, and suggest this course to the Goire rry meat at Madrid, through General Sickles. Messrs. Smith, Sundius, and Co. announce that, the Hamburgh-American steamships to New P i ., leans will re-com mence th e i r tr i ps i n S ep teinee Considering how active t ra d e i s aga i n becoming o the Crescent City, we are surprised that these f/13 05 ships did not re-open the line earlier. Vig °r° , o efforts are being made to establish aline from Eur e i„ t direct to Norfolk, Virgini a , an d it i s pro b a ble th; Mobile, or a port near, ma y soon h ave a di rec t cen'nl„„ nication with Europe, o f it s own. Th e E c o d' l 7 o lia, published in the United St a t es , th oug h half 01 the Italian language, recommends the p r omotion ,0 emigration from Italy, and a dir ec t s team line aid it between the Mediterranean and the South er fet States, and indicates as especi a lly su itable a Italians the States of Virginia, M ar yl an d, Geurg . j n ; and Tennessee. It estimates the num b er of in the Republic at 200,000, mainly congr egated; Crystal Springs, on the Mi ss i ss ippi, an d at t California, and speaks of them as owning the 7 vg, kitchen gardens at San Francisco, and of W oo the fish trade at New Orleans in their hands. n i, evident desire of the South is for direct col:1 101 cation, but with Southern a s we ll as w i th Northe rs Europe. Ex-President Roberts, of Liberia, has been drab, ing large audiences to the Tabernacle in Jersey Citf to hear lectures on Liberia. Ile gave the hiet oll ile s the Republic, w hi c h h e s t ates now contro l s 600 In t o of coast, extendi ng indefinitely inwards. Net s ber iA arrangement that, a s by suc h means , if 1-11 ,, of prospers, it can by d egrees c l a i m t h e whc" Africa. Already the Republic contains a e, P lati)n of 600,000, of whom 24,000 are natives, hit° swarm in from all quarters to l earn w hat the h t , men know, with the lu x u r y o f h av i ng it tang' ico r blacks. The secretary of the Emigration S° c said that— " Since its organisation, in 1822, emigrants to the ..o , ber of 20,000 less 50 had been t rans p or t e d by it to Li t Of this total, 2,234 had been carried during the iti St i or years. The society, he said, had o n e s hip, capable ° A boa rying 600 people, by which these transportations be" r kei effertsd. As to the finances of the society, he real m a that its average receipts during tho last 20 Yen r l g ot reached $72,000 per annum, and that of this to tal he $7,500 were expended upon the orgauisation --le 7aiet would undertake to say, proportionally, than any society ever expended upon itself." ao to The object of the address was to procure fan e found a college which could not fail to be ,sr is vice in promoting Christianity and civilisat ion Africa. T i v ited There was a time when the prisons of the g i , ie b States furnished a model to other countries on N e vi to build and conduct such institutions, but i n o af York, at least, there has been a sad falling : th at from the original, and some of the gaols °L We read State are mostly suggestive of a warning. h p ee' of prisoners having been soused to death Wit h kets of water, being shot, and subjected to e 3 L e ' aloe cl violence ; at the same time we find the cen a vt i s on walking out as if their residence in the Stat e .0o .00 was at their own convenience. Now and t , m e u s have a band of culprits and a band of Pe i ti a gaged in a free fight, and a policeman s"° or th e prisoner who had surrendered, a pp ar ently t hat fun of the thing. At Sing Si ng we are tel ic !o scenes have been enacted w hi c h re fl ec ted se rio *h ere on the management. W e s h ou ld ra th e r thl.l3Loia had been ; but new s cenes are a ll u d e d to, an t 7 . 0 0 having been discounted count for nothing. With ; cd mile and a half of th e p r i son th ere i s a villages se nt Sparta, and about a month ago a convict o ff. there to purchase liquor ; naturally, he NVal vi l ' it b o ttO Other convicts followed, passing to and fro and molestatiOn, and they appear to make 51 3 a r ' for get its saloon a sort of lounge. A notorio us ar ts, '0 serving his third term has his wife residing $ OOl whom he constantly visits. On the sth J ul / e ele; of the convicts chose Sparta as the Pla ce ~,at at, brats Independence Day, and a drinking I' li A olr Kanter's house ended in a general row. tired streperous negro convict knocked Kanter d : w ito ;red walked off in triumph, while a guard encl e fulii to coax him back to priso n ,an i nv itation he scorn by 10 declined, saying, th a t h e h a d a pass signe d lovl Childs chief clerk of Si ng Si ng to stay es° 3l , lo no t as he pleased. The i n h a bit an t s of Sparta " cts, and ° see the thing in th e same li g ht a s the cent's"' st icl; object to have the vill age ma de the resor f n otis e ruffianism. Hence these complaints 0 , if true' which the authorities must investigate, a nn, rectify. of BIRTHS. r, skin e ' ERSKINE -On the 28th inst., at Cambo, Lady —r twin daughters. e tV) (11 . GILFORD—On the 30th lu s t , at 33, Chester4qua r ' Gifford, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. , gite PRERE—WixsLow—On the 29th inst. at ..11...11Sa loi llia (110 Etret-street, John Tudor Frere, 13. A., of the ',7, o rbe ° Temple, to Constance, youngest daughter of ' Winslow, M.D., D.0.L., of Cavendish-square- Lao% Lancaster-gato, Robert Freke Gould, Esq., bag. GOULD—Gourm - On the 29th inst., at Christ C.4l...fit' law, to Louisa Mari' daughter of the late GO' Esq., of Bath. DEATHS. 9u re DAHNE - On the 27th inst., a t Richmond, S urrey, Leopold On Dahne, tho 23th Esq., ginstal 6"7 at 64, Lowndes . sil ag e ' Du CANE Sarah Du Cane, aged 78. v BstO , L i o on n f d Nt o La n e. : ll P ., ri:ted and Published by WILLIA3I iio ANDS' a r;eici t n r e a t n o d f , the Savoy , Printer, TinHstiaSouNcoOLetye ofN WILLIANo Satirday, July 31, 1868