The Sun. — London, England, 1859-10-17 00:00:00

CH M. ABOUT AND THE FBEN BISHOPS. M. About, having been personally attacked by the Bishop of Orleans on account of his celebrated book La Question Romaine, replies to the Prelate as follows in the columns of the Opinion Nationale : " Schlittenbach, Oct. 8. " Monseigneur,—l am living with my mother in a retired cottage in the department of the Bas Rhin. No scandalous journals penetrate into our retreat. Consequently Ido not see the Figaro or the Univers, or the political mandements of the bishops. But an inhabitant of Saverne, who takes an interest in me and does not like to see me in sulted, yesterday sent me a copy of your pamphlet. You, Monseigneur, are a Liberal. You formerly defended freedom of instruction, or, at any rate, what the French clergy call by that name. You tolerate the classic authors, and you have a little seminary of your own, in which you. have Greek tragedies played. You opposed M. Veuillot with a courage not commonly , found among men of your cloth, and you only - bowed to that great genius when the Pope took his part against you. You now, Monseigneur, defend the liberty of the press—nay, more, you boldly and openly practise it, with that manly pride which is fostered in heroes of the long robe by the certainty of impunity. In former days a mandate was a little epis co p al gazette, treating of eggs, butter, cheese, and other comestibles lawful to be oaten in Lent. You have transformed the mandate into a political journal, and you evade the stamp, duty and the caution money to which ordinary journals are subjected. Secured by your sacred character against tb e rigours of the correctional police, you declare war upon your former Sovereign and our faithful ally the Xing of Sardinia. You make no account of the Government, which found you a Savoyard and made you a Frenchman, from a priest turned yon to a bishop, and now pays you a salary for your services. You post your diatribes upon walls be longing to the State, you cause them to be read from the pulpit by public functionaries receiving State pay; and the Prince, who has just granted an: amnesty to his political enemies, deigns to allow your small insurrection to enjoy an apparent triumph. There were two good reasons why you should have kept silence, since you were born under the sceptre of the King of Sardinia, and you are now living in the French empire. Is it conceiv able that your ecclesiastical garb can have enfran chised you from the allegiance due to both your legitimate Sovereigns, and made you the subject of a petty foreign Prince ? Do not suppose,Monseig neur, that any personal rancour prompts these ob servations. You have ill-treated me, it is true, but in such good company that I am only too much honoured by your attacks. I shall be most happy to remain to the end of my days in the category in which you have classed me, by the side of the King of Sardinia and the glorious chiefs of the Italian re volution. I even confess, between ourselves, that I did not think my advocacy of the cause of an oppressed people was wonthy of such a glorious recompense. Perhaps you would have done better to speak in more courteous terms of a literary man and a gentleman ; for only to suppose such a misfortune as that 15 or 20 years hence you should find me on the next bench to you in the French Aca demy, you would be forced either to leave your seat or to admit that you had gone a little too far. But religious polemics have their peculiar customs. The instruments of torture which religion no longer dares to use in practice it imports, as far as is practicable, into its language. The sacred fire of the inquisition now burns only in the eloquence of men. I was made to feel it in the first mandate — I mean the first article—of your new friend, M. Veuillot. When I was told that this Pere Duchesne of the Church had declared war against me, I ex pected to have some formidable arguments to meet. I buckled on my best logical and historical armour. How simple was I ! M. Veuillot merely insulted me as you have done, Monseigneur, and he de nounced my book to the police. For it is easier to ruin an editor than to destroy an argument ; there is no reply so irrefutable as a seizure. According to law, I might, Monseigneur, require you to insert this, my- answer, in your next number—l mean your next mandate. But I will not be too exact ing ; lam satisfied with being in the right. I re spectfully kiss your pastoral ring, and humbly bow, Monseigneur, to the sacred character with which you are invested. " EDMOND ABOUT." :(From the Times.) M. Edmond About is still the mark fQr the de nunciations of all the zealots in France who own allegiance to the See of Rome. You may estimate the amount of the danger with which they con ceive themselves threatened by the virulence and frequency of their attacks upon M. About. We have just heard that the Pope has set out (wills travels for Castel Gandolfo, and, contemporaneously with this event, the Bishop of Orleans—a Savoyard by biith—has been inflicting a fresh castigation on M. About for the benefit of the faithful. To abuse M. About world seem to be the .specific for all the diseases to which the Papacy is subjected. It is the colchicum, the quinine, and the calomel in the hands of the faithful physicians. Of course, the reason for all this exasperation is that at a critical moment M. About published a book in which he rather suggested than denounced the vices of the Papal Government ; but even suggestion was ter rible. Herein lay M. About's crime. Not only did he this, but he did it at a critical moment, and with all the brilliant and epigrammatic vigour of an accomplished French writer. There is that in M. About's sparkling pages which reminds us of the writing of Paul Louis Courryer. The character of Cardinal Antonelli, as drawn by M. About, may fairly stand comparison with many passages in the Petition des Villageois qu'on empeehe de dancer. Everybody read his book. The knowledge of the fearful condition of the Roman States existed at the bottom of all our minds as ore exists at the bottom of a mine. But M. About drew it to the surface, stamped it, as it were, and threw it into commerce. M. About got all the laughers on his side, and that is a very important point, even when the agony of our fellow-creatures constitutes the subject matter of our inquiry. The dull leaden oppression of priestly rile was proof against tears and remonstrances, against censure and indigna tion, but it was helpless against the keen shafts of its last assailant. It was the struggle of the clumsy whale against the bright and polished harpoon of the whale-fisher. The huge animal would lash the waters with its tail, and enve lope itself in clouds of mist ; it could have dashed his opponent to atoms had he trusted him self within its reach ; finally, and as its last re source, it could have sunk to the bottom of the sea far from human observation, and, could it have stayed there, would have done well enough. But to the surface it must return, snorting, panting, and wounded, a fresh mark for the ready weapon de stined to pierce it to the heart, and reduce that vast strugglinc , bulk to the condition of inanimate matter. M. About is the harpooner; the temporal Government of the Pope the whale. After all, this discussion ought not to be en venomed with religious denunciations Is the truth of the religion preached from the Vatican inex tricably bound up with the temporal oppression of a considerable section of the Italian people ? The discussion involves metaphysical and historical points of controversy which probably never will be settled, and which we certainly will not discuss in the columns of a newspaper. The character and results of a temporal Government are, on the other hand, within the grasp of an ordinary understand ing. What madness, then, it is in the partisans of the Pope to confound the results of his spiritual with the results of his temporal rule ! Sir Hum phrey Davy might have said, "My discoveries in chemistry are true, and Connaught is the best governed portion of the earth's surface ; and if Connaught is not the best governed portion of the earth's surface, then my discoveries in chemistry are untrue Very few of his contemporaries would have been in a condition to appreciate the value of the great c h em i st ' s scientific discoveries, but they would have been very )f forming an opinion upon the north-west ceoaapstabolfe ill with Ireland Sir at that day. It would have gone 3.Humphreylis:eh grounds.h ad h e rested the value of his researches u n to se t e hat Yet this is, after all, but an analogous of the more zealous partisans of the Ro a m s : our time. They do not or: will not see that s uc h is the deplorable condition of the Pontifical States, considered merely from a political and social point of view, that, at any rate, whether or not Pius IX. be the true successor of St. Peter, this is an evil which must be abated. The fact is broad and patent in the litsht of day. Farini wrote 4 0 years ago, " There is in the Roman States no care for the cultivation of the people, no anxiety for public prosperity; Rome is a cesspool of corruptions and privileges ; a clergy made up of fools and knaves in power : the laity slaves ; the treasuries plun dered by tax-farmers and spies ; all the business of Government consists of prying into and punishing the notions, the expectations, and the imprudences of the Liberals." Nor have matters been better during the last ten years of this period ; from 1818 to 1857 the expenses of foreign troops to keep down the inhabitant,-; have been about £1,000,000. The Pontifical States had no railroads;until recently ; and now the line to Civita Vecchia has been made but for the convenience of foreign troops ; all com munications through the States are difficult. The roads are infested by brigands. The Po threatens continual overflow. The collection of the common taxes costs 31 per cent. The collection of the re venue derived from the "Lotto" costs 62 per cent. ; that from the monopoly of tobacco 46 per cent. a..., i 1 ' 1 front all t ax ation. it w ould be e asy to ran tip y Ecclesiastical p ro p erty of all descriptions s free 1 facts of this nature, which are j ust as obvious to -t Manchester is a city of tall chimneys , . or that *he eyes and understandings of the human race as tht. there .'''". Bible to t- . canals in Venice, and yet it appars pos 'ut tvdesiatical mind to ignore them alto to treat the cDrY gether, and . ~, - , Europe as thou,' 1..- were As for the Pas. we may fairly leave . the hands of M. About.- the , very best I oral of the Mai- _ worst Government in . asop of . Orleans, 'o.nitary in that intelligent ni b -,, t , b e The reply canli , mended, whatever may be said of the charge which provoked it. The wonder: however, to us is that the Romish Church, .which throughout so many ages has shown itself so wonderfully plastic, and so ready to ad a p t itself to the shifting views and ideas of the human race, should have reached a point at last where it seems resolved fairly to stand at bay. To retain the rule of the temporal sovereignty of the Church, .the Pope and his advisers are ready to risk all. Still stranger is it that they might retain this rule if they would consent to exercise it in a spirit more consentaneous with the genius of the 19th century. But they will hear of no compromise. " Thorough" is their motto, —all or nothing; they will have the Rome of 1759, or no Rome at all. They would still govern the wretched peo ple who by the accidents of hist or y have been dr ifted under their charge as though the human race had not risen up twice and thrice ag ainst the ideas they represent. As often have they re turned to their desolate city and t o the upholste ries of their creed ; and, as they argu e, what has been will be again. In this respect, unless we are much mistaken, they sadly deceive themselves. That any very sudden extinction threatens the Pope and his Cardinals, az_id gat system they represent we do not believe ; but thin one form or another temporal rule over one of the fairest of the Italian provinces is about to pass awe,, from their hands seems equally clear to those who n iAr k . the signs of the times. The Frenc h Em p eror would have saved them if he could, but they will not listen to his voice. They have not the understanding to com prehend the idea of a Pontifical Government re generated, and of a Pope as the t rue corner-stone of the Italian system. Rather than admit of change, the last priest will drone his idle Litanies in an empty church, and when he passes out into the sunshine, where real men ply their daily tasks, dis cover too late that it would have been better not to connect reverence for his office with the opp ression of his fellow-creatures. MR. "INHALED, M.P., AND THE ITALIAN QUESTION. The hon. member for Perth has devoted part of the recess to a tour in Italy, and has given his im pressions of the Italians and their cause in the fol lowing letter addressed to the Lord Provost Imrie " Pall-mall East, London, Oct. 7, 1859. "My dear Provost,—After the vote in Parlia liament which led to the resignation of the Ministry of Lord Derby, and when it became evident that a reform bill was out of the question, from want of time sufficient to discuss that or any other import ant measure, the attention of Parliament and of the country was naturally directed to Italy. Whatever outward agreement there might be among rival statesmen, it was evident that very different sym pathies were manifested, and very different senti ments entertained, as to the real condition of Central Italy, and as to the fitness of its people for constitu tional government. My sympathies were, as they have ever been, in favour of Italian liberties, but I still wanted the assurance that years of oppression and misrule had not unfitted the people for the full exercise of their rights as the constitutional subjects of free states. I determined therefore, as soon after the recess as possible, to revisit Italy, and ascertain what I could by personal observation. The result has even surpassed my expectations; and I rejoice to know that both in Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell we have, from their avowed sentiments, the guarantee that whatever moral support can be given will be afforded by the goiternment of England in this crisis of Italian liberty. " I first went by Zurich and the Lago Maggiore to Milan, and visited the scenes of Garibaldi's success ful campaign with his volunteer troops. Having passed through the field of Magenta on my way, I reached Milan just after the brilliant reception given to the Tuscan deputation ; and from what I witnessed and heard, in answer to the inquiries I made there and elsewhere, I came to the conclusion that there is a deep-seated and wide-spread unanimity of sentiment in favour of uniting under the rule of Victor Emmanuel. Considering how recently the iron yoke of Austria, both directly and indirectly, repressed all aspirations after liberty, it is really marvellous to see the orderly bearing of the people, combined with their resolute determination not again to submit to any foreign yoke. Could they be secure from interference from without, I believe that we should see civil and religious liberty in full exercise I had the privilege of conversing with Signor Farini and General Garibaldi at Modena and with Baron Ricasoli and General Salvagrioli at Florence, and was almost equally delighted with the sentiments expressed by each, manifesting a statesmanlike comprehension of affairs, combining moderation with energy, and practical wisdom with honest determination of purpose. Most sincerely do I wish them God-speed, believing, as I do, that with their success is bound up, not only the happi ness of Central Italy and the religious welfare of thousands of its inhabitants, but the maintenance of the peace of Europe. Of course, in the above, re member I do not refer to that clerical party whose worldly interests are identified with the triumph of the papacy, and who care not who is sacrificed so that its interests are advanced. "On my way to Florence, I visited the battle fields of St Martino and Solferino, and spent a day or two at Venice, where it was sad to hear of the crushing taxation which bears upon the unhappy inhabitants of that beautiful city ; and the contrast with the freedom already enjoyed by the liberated Italians made their condition still more striking.— Believe me, my dear Provost, yours very sincerely, " A KINNAIRD." PUBLIC INCOME AND EXPENDITURE. The following letter appears in a contemporary : Sir,—lt was possible to treat of the sources of the public revenue from the vantage ground of recog nised principles of economy ; but what guide is com petent to take even the most patient and resolute of inquirers through the intricate labyrinth of the public expenditure ? A labyrinth, did I say ? That of Crete was a straight pathway when compared with the windings and intricacies of the public ac counts. There was an end to the one, but to these ! Have the miles and millions of figures that now lay before me any conclusion ? Does the financial Die damns exist who could give an intelligible account of them ? All that Homer could do with the nations represented on that classic heathen battle-field—all that Moses did when he wished to tell of the great old families of the tribes of Israel, was to give a plain and undecorated list of names ; and I am not sure whether this would not be the most effective man ner of dealing with the public accounts. But as on a moderate calculation, this method would oc cupy the whole of your columns every day for the next two or three weeks, it will be doubtless more convenient that a briefer, though certainly a less impressive plan, should be pursued. I propose to commence my examination of the items of the national expenditure with the civil charges. The various estimates, accounts, and re turns connected with a single year's expenditure under this head alone will fill rather more than 500 folio pages. This fact will perhaps give your readers some notion of the vast extent of the national book keeping; but as it is necessary to cross a glacier in order to know what a glacier is, so is it necessary readily to read through these papers before it is possible to obtain an adequate impression of their magnitude ; only there is no Jardin des Plantes in this field to refresh the eyes that have become wearied with the monotony of column after column of statistics, and figures upon figures piled. Any one who may undertake this labour will not wonder that , Mr. Fitzroy should gabble through the estimates at, such express speed, or that members should allow them to pass almost without question. It scorns a hopeless task to attempt any remedy for such gigantic financial profligacy ; all that one can do is to live and hope that some day a Hercules will be born who will have the power of turning the full tide of the public resentment right through this heap of waste and extravagance. Let, ustice however be done. The expenses which come first in logical order are those which relate to the collection of the national revenue. Owing partly perhaps to an improved public morality, and partly to a better system of administration, there has been a comparative reduction in this charge within the last ten years. It is a mere cheeseparing to the whole sum, but when compared with the revenue it is a reduction, and the government should receive the benefit of it. The following are the figures : COST OP COLLECTION, 1849. Customs '' £1,312,709 Excise 919,161 Stamps Taxes 334,056 Total COST OF COLLECTION, 1855. Customs (apparent) £843,757 Excise Stamps Taxes 484,262 Total I hate taken the above figures from the Parlia- THE SIM LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 17, 1859 iiii1na150..............- mentary paper No. 101 of the last session. You are not to believe, however, that there has been a sav ing of three hundred thousand pounds in ten f y re e aaurso.tioTu l.aerTehheasopbpearenenvterdyeohrotastlee, i Lis an e y s , fr a o e m tua a l transference of the charges of one the department to a n o ther department. For instance, Admiralty now bears the expenses of the Coast Guard, which ten years ago were borne by the Customs while the Customs supera nnuations formerly paid by t•l?.t department vontatered nboywpianrcllivadmeeduti.n tAhedaCitvihelsSe erv su to the Customs accouni, and there l will apptr no t 1- - , al reduction ; but the revenue ul"'-. i. i m ce s E te _ - am- - having increased 20 per cent., there has 10 years •Imparative saving. It Las, in fact, been a large t; , . : 1 -ot the greater than the less re cost no more to co - L: --,:iist be attributed in some venue. That it has not, • - --- i n i;nistration. degree, to a healthy internal et.— -- o ce ) and one There appears, indeed , o n the stir.. ' f the must believe that the re does exist in some :. Government departm ents, a desire that the working expenses should be retrenched. I have been espe cially struck with this on reading through the cur rency report of the Gommissioners of Customs. They increased their establishment during the last year by 124 officers at an annual charge of £22,831. At the same time, by order of the Treasury, they have abolished the office of controller in 23 outports, and sexed £5,000 by the abolition. The pages of ex pianaiffln and apology with which the net increase of expense I.° accompanied were, one would think, written and preset tcd to the Lords of the Treasury with bated breath an ou bonded knee, so the. roughly ashamed do the bonCArable commissioners appear of having added a penny to the national ex penditure. There may be , as there 6f.ten is, con , seious guilt in such demeanour ; but on the v,4 hole, as they no doubt take it for granted that their sys tem cannot be improved, there appears to be a de sire to conduct affairs with, as officials express it, " a due regard to economy." • There are thirty-four ordinary departments of the State in addition to the four above specified, the salaries and ordinary minor expenses of which amounted last year to £924,108. These are the only n o practi cal b y Treasury, Foreign-office, National Debt-office, and e aters, to enumerate ad Yantage, and d w ould which perhapswould be of irritate provoking the question whether they are actually indispensable tp g ood government. I will, how. ev er, take three a four of the principal depart ments, and, lifting the 1:jl from these, so that you may literally see the way ill which the public money is spent, enable you to judge or the character and the contents of the remainder. I cannoi do bet , ter than begin with the Treasury, the direct office patronage of which is worth £54,000, but the indi rect and ex-official patronage almost any reason able sum within the total of the national revenue. The following are the particulars of this establish ment : —___ .TREASURY OFFICE. Officers. Office. Salaries. 1858. 1 First:Lord £5,000 1 Chancellor of the Elohequ er 3 Lords Commissioners £ l,OOO each 3,000 2 Secretaries, £2,00 0 each 4,000 £17,000 1 Assistant Secretary 1 Auditor of Civil List and of Accounts ren dered to the Treasury 1 Principal clerk for colonial business 1 Principal clerk for revenue business 1 Principal clerk for financial business 1 Principal clerk for legal and criminal business 1,100 9 First class clerks, £7OO to £9OO (one special, at £1,000) 16 Second class clerks, at £350 to £6OO 7 Third class clerks, £lOO to £250 1 Accountant, £7OO to £9OO 725 1 Assistant to ditto, £350 to £450 21 Other clerks, £l2O to £5OO Additional- allowances , to certain clerks on the establishment : Two private secretaries to First Lord, £3OO each 6OO One ditto to Chancellor of the Exchequer Two ditto to secretaries, £l5O each 3OO Official director of electric telegraph companies 200 1 Office and housekeeper 1 Superintendent of messengers to the First Lord 200 24 Messengers, £B5 to £l5O 51,132 94 Contingent expenses and messengers' bills ... 2,388 Total for the Treasury 53,520 Salaries of three messengers in the offices of the Lord Advocate, &o. (at 1 and 5, New street, Spring-gardens), under the super intendence of the Treasury (formerly at Gwydir-houso) Contingent expenses at ditto lBO £54,000 Let us now look at the Foreign-office, or LORD JOHN RUSSELL'S EATRONA.GB. Officers. 1858. Offices. Salaries. 1 Secretary of State £5,000 0 0 1 Under Secretary of State 1 Ditto ditt0.. 1 Chief Clerk 8 Senior clerks, £7OO to £l,000 9 Assistant -clerks, £550 to £650 6,130 0 0 10 First-class junior clerks, £350 to £545 3,785 0 0 9 Second-class ditto £l5O to £3OO 1,500 0 0 6 Third-class ditto £lOO to £l5O 660 0 0 1 Librarian and keeper of the papers, £6OO to £BOO 1 Sub-librarian, £350 to £545 5 Clerks, librarian's department, £lOO to £351 1 Superintendent of the Treaty depart ment, £6OO to £800.... 1 Assistant, £2OO to £5OO 3 Clarks, chief clerk's department, one at - -- £545, and two at £lOO to £2OO 1 Translator Private Secretary and precis writer, £3OO each 610 0 0 356 0 0 930 0 0 (These situations are at present held by two clerks on the establishment ) 1 Printer 4 Office-keepers, one at £2OO, one at £l5O, ono at £125, and one at £lOO . 2 Office-porters, one at £230, and one at £l2O 2 Doorkeepers, •ne at £lOO, and one at £BO _ _ 800 0 0 280 0 0 825 0 0 500 0 0 600 0 0 150 0 0 575 0 0 350 0 0 180 0 0 94 0 0 100 0 0 1 Lamplighter and coal porter 1 Housekeeper Extra allowance to persons on the esta lishment, viz.:— Resident clerks at ZiO each (two In 1858 and four in 1859) . One clerk in chief clerk's department.. Tradesmen's bills Housekeeper's ditto Doorkeeper's ditto .. Miscellaneous services (including defi • ciency of vote for 1857) Messsengers' bills and expenses of extra couriers.. £2.5,000 £3 00 I Telegraph expenses 5,000 ())° 40,000 0 0 Deficiency on vote for 1858-9 16,000 100 0 0 100 0 0 325 0 0 363 0 0 100 0 0 £76,900 0 0 One other, if only in justice to political parties, and that shall be the Board of Trade, or MR. MILNER'S GIBSON'S PATRONAGE. Officers. Offices. Salaries. 1 Tho president 1 The vice-president 2 Joint secretaries 1 Assistant secretary, marine department 1,000 0 0 1 Do. railway department, £7OO to £l,OOO 875 0 0 1 Registrar and librarian, £6OO to £BOO 755 0 0 1 Accountant 8 First class clerks, £450 to £6OO 7 Senior clerks, £3OO to £450 7 Second class clerks, £3OO to £450 13 Third class clerks, £lOO to £3OO 12 Supplementary clerks, seniors, £l5O to 1300 21 Do. juniors, £lOO to £l5O 2,250 0 0 1 Chief of statistical department BOO 0 0 2 Professional members, marine depart ment, £690 to £BOO 1 Surveyor-general, marino department, £456 to £600 1 Nautical assessor 1 Inspector of railways 2 Do., £5OO to £BOO 1 Legal assistant, £6OO to £BOO 662 10 0 1 Comptroller of corn returns 1 Deputy-comptroller of corn returns 4OO 0 0 Private secretary to the president Do. to the vice-president Do. to the secretaries 2OO 0 0 1 Office keeper 12 Messengers, including portor 1 Housekeeper £35,322 10 0 OFFICE OF THE REGISTRAR OF MERCHANT SEAMEN. :Placed under Board of Trade, per Act 17 and 18 Vict., c. 10i.) 1 Registrar-General 1 Assistant registrar, £5OO to £7OO 6BO 0 0 1 Chief clerk, £4OO to £.550 4 First class clerks, £350 to £500 15 Second ditto, £2 OO to £35) 30 Third ditto, £lOO to £l5O 3,947 15 0 1 Office keeper 4 Messengers, £7O to £9O 317 10 0 1 Housekeeper £11,692 15 0 CONTINGENT EXPENSES. Board of Trad© Office of the registrar of merchant men 2,000 0 0 £7,000 0 0 Your readers have only to multiply the above three departments by ten and add one, and they will have before them the whole of the thirty-four public offices from the house of Lords to the office of the Lunacy Commissioners downwards, and the whole of the expenditure of nearly one million ster ling. Well, sir, unfortunately, the public do not require to be told how much of this expenditure is, to speak with moderation, a gross imposition. With regard to the chiefs of departments, Mr. Horsman, a few months ago, enlightened the House of Commons and enraged all existing officials by telling the tale of his life at the Irish-office. The history was too piquant to be forgotten by this time. Mr. Horsman resigned his office and salary because he did not ---- -- care to be a merely paid dummy. The experience of others must be similar to Mr. Horsman's. There is, for instance, the secretary of one of the public departments, who, as an administrative reformer, ono cannot help expecting, will very soon resign \his position and salary . of £1,500 per annum. There cannot, by any possibility, be office work for him. He is an underwriter, a railway director, a broker, a salaried managing director of a public company, a • salaried agent for a foreign bank, and now secretary of a public department, all rolled in one. Is it not time that this last sinecure should be abolished and the salary saved ? I happen to know of a principal clerk at another ,i - ,n --4,pn.t. who very deliberately walks to his a,.....__ • ---- A.l;hpratelv leaves it at - • • v office at twelve, au.. , two, and draws a salary of £BOO. One_ would think that this, too, could be revised. lads salary olknowtanoyiytobofyf during, wa severalnr i h no e i fig r c G f eoor hundreds,hvt o e h r ue n r ni It tad o idi ffi cssa official, press comparativelylr , esnearlys dx who,during, 3r w oi no i t g h a, s. ya an e eas y guess how much office work is done in this case, and whether this gentleman could not be en tirely . dispensed with. Of junior clerks, whose "name is legion," no spe cific account is needed. One has often heard them describe their principal employments to be luncheon, dinner, and the newspaper. They do work unques tionably, but in an accountant's office the work woulde clone, aps doubly as well, in half the b tiino, and with half the expend,;, Two questions now arise. We have here, hi ter- , twin civil departments of the State, an expenditure for salaries of nearly three and a half millions per annum, an expenditure which is certainly enor mous, and which, on investigation, appears to be grossly wasteful and dishonest. Now, is there not No, not unless the indepen dentof the House of Commens will do it. a l v a a n 7 r ifcinerlt:l3l:ein this ? A. r,Mtical suggestion, which I think it would be possible to eariy out, and which would certainly have some influence. Before the next estimate~ are brought forward let the secreta ries, under secretaries, and some of the clerks of every government office be examined on oath, be.' fore commissioners, concerning their official hours, work, and pay ; and let , their books, one and all, be submitted to professional accopiatants for a rigid examination and report. This would be an extreme measure, but we have got to a pass in which ex treme measures are required. Our expenditure now regularly exceeds one income, and there is a well founded belief, such as this cursory examination of the salaries and duties of public officers supports, that a great part of this is wasted, or worse than wasted. If Mr. Gladstone, therefore, does not take the matter in hand—and one can scarcely expect any Minister to do it—it should be the duty of the independent members of the Ifouse of Commons--a duty which need not be self-assumed, for the public, on knowing the facts, will most readily request them to act. _ _ . ► Another practical suggestion is, that in future, instead of increasing the number of government servants, the hours of office should be increased. Working from 9 to 4, or from 9 to 5, will hurt no man who is at all capable of work. Perhaps it is useless now to make any inquiry into the nearer or more remote causes of our finan cial extravagance. But one cause is too patent to be overlooked. Most of the supernumerary and or namental offices owe their origin to the venality of the constituencies and their representatives, the agents of corruption being the whippers-in. This will not change until human nature is changed ; but a few gross cases of abuse brought occasionally to the light of day serve to stop the very rapid growth of this fungus. So unceasing are the de mands of members, and so seldom are any appoint ments made without reference to - 2arty consideration —that is, without asking what the party in power will gain by it—that Ministers, although they are autocrats in their several departments, have seldom any liberty of choice. One wonder whether, in the midst of these cobwebs and spiders, Mr. Milner Gibson or Mr. Charles Villiers has yet dared to make an independent appointment. —I am, &c., FINANCE. UNIFORM DECIMAL SYSTEM OF M.E.A SURES, WEIGIITS, AND COINS. The second sitting of the International Associa tion for obtaining a uniform decimal system of measures, weights, and coins, was held in the Mechanics'-hall, Bradford, on Tuesday morning, when there were present M. Michel Chevalier, pre sident, and the delegates from Russia and other Continental nations. Mr. YATES read a report of what had been done in pursuance of a resolution, adopted at the first establishment of the association, that the branches formed in different countries should endeavour to obtain accounts of all weights and measures used in their respective countries, so that from them a complete account might be compiled of all weights and measures throughout the world. One of the first efforts of the British branch was to collect this information in regard to the British Isles. The council published the results in the form of tables, and it was probable that no account of the local weights and measures used throughout the British Isles had appeared which was more correct, com plete, and intelligible. In the meantime a work had been finished which answered the wishes of the association in regard to the whole world. Already a French work of this kind had been published at Brussels. But in 1858, Mr. Frederick Noback, of Chemnitz, in Saxony, brought to a termination the great work at which his father had laboured during a long life, and - his " Munz—Maass—Gewichts buch," published at Leipsic, contained the fullezt information on these matters, and probably left nothing to be desired, except its translation into various languages. This remained to be done. M. CHEVALIER, as chairman of the meeting, then delivered his opening address. He spoke in French, of which the f)llowing is a translation. After some introductory remarks on the manifest tendency among nations to unite, in spite of differences of religion and government, and to adopt similar customs, so far as it was permitted by -diver sity of climate and of origin, he proceeded as follows :—The uniformity of weights, mea sures,will be one step more in the direc tionpproximation of n a ti o n s . And here, in to make the illusion complete, ono does fae Association,toa ftthe and coins, the obj ec t o f our I n t erna ti ona l least a not see what objections we can have to refute. As suredly no one would maintain that all should be uniform in the world. Nature shows that hero be low variety is as extensive a law as uniformity. But both variety and uniformity have their separate and distinct domains. If uniformity is anywhere in its weights, measures, and coins. y in terest which can pretend to p Thereace, it no s u r i e n l be injured by it, unless itbe that of a blind routine, which merits no sympathy—inspires none. The enterprise, gentlemen, on which you have resolved to concentrate your efforts and your influence is then one of those rare cases where one can affirm that all is beneficial, and that the inconveniences are microscopic or absolutely none. You are not merely united individually in the opinion that it is convenient that all nations should have one system of weights, measures, and coins, differing in no re spect except perhaps to preserve provisionally, either entirely or in part, the names used in each country. Yet more : you are all persuaded that the uniform system should fulfil a certain number of conditions, namely :—That for each kind of mea sure, the subdivisions and the multiples should be decimal in themselves, and in accordance with the unit. That the different kinds of measures, such as those of length, of superficies, of volume, of weight, and of value, should have a common element by which they approach each other, and from which they all derive a decimal connection. That, in order to remove all national distinctions, and to give more durability to the, system, this common element, which serves as a basis for the edifice, should be founded, not in the traditions of this or that civilised nation, but on the most evident natural facts, such as the dimensions of the planet we inhabit. On these conditions the system would be, as one may say, founded on a rock; and thus, as has been observed of the metrical system, it would bo a chain, of which it suffices to seize the first link in order to raise the whole. Now that the relations of international commerce are become so active and so extensive, it is superfluous to point out the conveniences offered by the adoption of such an uniform system. It would be a guarantee against losses, errors, and even frauds, which constantly occur. Neither is it neces sary to remark that in each individual state a sys tem of weights, mea sures, and coins, constituted as I have described, would be a benefit to all classes of society without exception—for the workman, who has to make calculations, or to give an account of what he uses—for the manufacturer, for the engineer, for the professional accountant, the pri vate man of even the most moderate means, who, nevertheless, has his small accounts to keep, it would be a constant economy of time. It would be a satisfaction to every one to comprehend those relative proportions between classes of objects, which are now passed over from the complexity with which they are surrounded, like a thick cloud. In the pre sent state of the subject there can be no doubt among the members of our association, and I believe, I may I sv a ith h o t o g h v r e s n , u to o n u o u n n e ( f l o u r o n s i, t i d on, e n o , n i z a . 1 , w s y h s a t t e b m a s . of weights, measur es , s sl a i y ou , and coins ? whether, for ex ample, it be th e me t re , or some other unit drawn from natural o ects, Besides thi s , I only perceived. _ bi subordinat e am f necessary ques ti ons to be mule-id, such as what arra n gemen t s w i ll be necessary fi each country to acc o mpli s h th e change. l/ou will appreciate the private reasons N'4 hich obli ge me I to abstain from recommending you to choose the metre for the basis of the system, by pro • nouncula Dal eul'ogitam on the metrical system, which is a wise idea. It may, however, be allowed me to remind you ghat this system was conceived with a View to uni , rersal adoption, and that the method of proceed ing designed to establish it, as far as the times allowed, followed a mode calculated to determine this adoption. All the countries with which France was then at peace—and, unfortunately, it was only a small number—were invited to con cur in the undertaking, and they answered to the appeal. You are not ignorant that since then a con siderable number of countries in both hemispheres, among which may be welcomed the monarchy of Spain, . also many highly civilised states, have adopted the metrical sy s t em . A powAr P t o - deration, considernm. conte- n— . of popula tion and the learning which distinguishes them— the German Confederation—have borrowed from it the unit of weight and the basis for their coinage. The English branch of our International Associa tion, after mature deliberation, has determined to recommend the metrical system for adoption in its principal elements—the metre, the litre, and the gramme. The only observation which I think I ought to make on the subject of the metric:di sys tem is, that in France the people had little difficulty in becoming accustomed to it. The substitution of the new for the old order of things was easily ef fected. The obstacles arose more from retrogres sive administrators than from those whom 0.1; lovers of routine affected to pity. It i. itn impor tant fact to adduce with what is before us, and to encourage all those who propose the same object. You have to deter - mite in this meeting in what manner, and under what form, you will pursue your efforts. I ought not to attempt to influence your deliberations lu this respect. It is clear that the lever you ought to try to put into.action is that of publie opinion. We can only succeed if this opinion gives us its all-powerful aid with the go vernments, on whom the determination depends. Present circumsta*ces are favourable, and invite us to act. A. few months ago almost all governments seemed to liaten to the evil suggestions of the demon of waF; now, happily, they have changed, and returned with a resolution most honourable to the cause of peace. They declare their strong de sire to maintain for the world the possession of this supreme good. They direct the great means at their disposal to similar enterprises for the ad- vancement of general. happiness, of learning, and of liberty. We shall meet with a kind reception from them especially if public opinion supports u s , And what the object of our ambitier4, if not to place in their hands, as most proper, the task that we have taken the liberty of assuming, and which we only undertook because we found it abandoned ? We have, then, to solicit public opinion and the governments. We may solicit public opinion, without fear of becoming intrusive, and without being wanting in self-respect, if we demand only what is for the general interest of the civilised world, and for the special interest of every nation comprising that civilisation. We may solicit the governments with a respectful but untiring con stancy, when it will bring to them a subject for glory, when what we require is of a nature to strengthen the tie between nations, to inspire deep gratitude from the people towards their rulers, and to create for them with posterity an imperishable title to honour. On the motion of Dr. FARR, seconded by Mr. LAWRENCE HEYWORTII, a cordial vote of thanks was passed to th© Chairman for his able and beau tiful address. M. KUPFFER, deputy from the Russian govern ment, and member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, detailed, in French, the steps which are taking in that country with refer ence to the subject of a uniform decimal system. Dr. HODGKIN, after thanking M. Kupffer for his address, moved—" That this meeting respectfully requests his Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constantino to fill the office of vice-president for the Russian Empire, and that the resolution be communicated to his- Imperial Highness by M. Kupffer, the academician, through the Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg." Under the auspices of the Grand Duke they might hope that the decimal system would be most favourably re commended to Russia, which had nobly taken up the subject, and was willing to lay aside its ancient measures, which, as the meeting had heard from M. Kupffer, had been derived from the Tartars of old, and partly from the complicated system which Peter the Groat derived from th's country. Mr. I. 13. SMITH, M.P., in seconding -the resolu tion, said heithought the time was come when they should petition the British Government to call a congress of nations to consider this i mportant question. He could not help thinking that, with the fact before them that the government of Russia was prepared to adopt the decimal system if Eng land would do the same, it would have a great effect upon the mind of Parliament: Mr. ROBERT KELL said that as one largely en gaged in foreign trade he felt daily the incon venience of the variety of systems of moneys, weights, and measures which prevailed throughout the world. The resolution then passed unanimously. At this period of the meeting Lord Brougham entered the hall, and was very cordially greeted. Mr. J. B. SMITH, M.P., moved—" That in the opinion of this meeting the time has arrived when the Government of this country should be requested to invite the nations of the world to a congress, to assemble at some convenient place, to take into consideration the adoption of an international sys tem of weights and measures, and that the other branches of this society be requested to address a similar request to their respective Governments." Mr. J. POPE HENNESSY, M.P., seconded the motion in a short speech. _ _ Lord BROUGHAIVf said he .entirely agreed with the proposition which had been made. He consi dered the presence of M. Chevalier upon that occa sion was a very great advantage as well as an hon our to the association. Vice-presidents to represent Great Britain and the foreign branches of the association were then appointed, Mr. Roberts, a coloured person, being appointed vice-president for Liberia. Lord BROUGHAM remarked that such a proceed ing as the appointment of a black man to be one of the foreign vice-presidents of the association was very creditable. (Hear,) The meeting was shortly after adjourned to the following day. The third sitting commenced at twelve o'clock on Wednesday. There was only a small attendance. Mr. Yates, F.R.S., one of the vice-presidents, pre sided. The CHAIRMAN read a paper on " The best means of promoting the extension of the metrical system in the United Kingdom." He recommended that their views should be communicated to all authors of books for teaching arithmetic, with a request i that they would consider the expediency of ntro ducing the method which the association recom mended. Secondly, application should be made to persons engaged in education, so that they might have an opportunity of expressing their wishes and opinions to the Committee of Council on Education. In conjunction with schoolmasters and authors of books he recommended that they should apply to the Committee of Council, urging the importance of giving a decimal education as well as teaching the principles of the metrical system. Mr. LEONE LEVI, F.S.A., F.S.S., read an excellent paper entitled " Observations on the Adaptation of British Measures, Weights, and Coins to those of other Countries." Having shown how confused and inconvenient is our present system of weights, measures, and coins, the evils which follow from the complicated system, and the diversities which exist in the weights and measures in use at different places in the kingdom, he spoke of the inconveni ence of our units as compared with the units of other countries. Our units were inconvenient, be cause they caused a very great excess of figures, and, moreover, the use of such units kept us isolated from all other nations of the world. Having shown the need of reform in the whole matter of our weights, measures, and coins, he remarked that two objects ought to bo kept in view in effecting any changes. The first was, that we should have a perfect decimal system • the second, that we sh ou ld as much as possible bring our institutions into unison with those of foreign countries. He then detailed the great advantages of the metrical system in both those particulars, and showed the beautiful analogy which existed between the weights, mea sures, and coins of the metrical system and the uses of such analogies in commercial matters. It was not possible, he said, to have perfect identity in matters of coinage in different countries, inasmuch as the fluctuations of the exchanges, the regulations o f th e different mints, and the difference in the value of coins and precious metals, precluded perfect identity in all countries. Two systems were prominently before the public, and divided attention : the one was the decimal of a pound sterling of 1,000 mils, and the other was to take the penny as the unit. The pound was the real standard of value, the only mea sure of worth, and the principal money of account. It was a most convenient unit f-r large transactions, and best described large sums. Again, the penny was full of historical associations, and it was essen tially the poor man's money. Which of those two units could best be sacrificed ? He thought that with the pound we could offer a good decimal coinage, but ho advocated the taking of the penny as a unit in preference, and to multiply it by 10 and by 100, so as to have a coin of Bs. 4d. in gold, and he thought that this wonld not displace the pound. The pound might still continue to have a certain relation to the penny just the same as the quince., which was still in use, had a relation to the present sovereign. Mr. T. C. M. MEEKINS, barrister-at-law, thought the requisites for an international system were an identity of standard and an identity in the alloy. _ ___.............—.........—......----.,....--___ It was desirable, but would not be necessary, to dis place domestic coinage in an d y country. Ultimately it might be displaced, but in the meantime it might circulate along with the other. Mr. T. MITCHELL read a paper by Mr. Charles Atherton, her Majesty's engineer at Woolwich Dockyard, " On obtaining an uniform and decimal system of measures, weights, and coins." The same gentleman also read a piper by Mr. Wm. Hughes, F.R.G.S., professor of gepgraphy in Queen's Col lege, London, strongly advocating the adoption of the decimal system of measures as applied to the construction of maps, and as au element in geogra- Phi" l tuition. - was read by Mr. Ye , ' - kin, of Liverpool, which . p triO only other paper was one by Mr. J . E. H o d ir .. M. ANTONIUS AMEUNEY, of Syria, gav ..._ Qu. ,xists in the amus ingTurkaieschouEnnit p o i f re th w e i t h confusion reaat di. , w hi e 1- . _ - 0 7eights, measures, and distances. A vote of thanks the different 'ssays - was accorded to the w r it ers o f which had been read, and the Pres l 'lnt of the Mechanics' Institution for the use of the hall. THE GLOUCESTER ELEC2ION COMMISSION, GLOUCESTER, SATURDAY. On the resumption of the inquiry this morning, the Commissioners proceeded with the evidence re ferring to the election of 1857. Mr. W. P. Price, the late member for the city, was exam.i4e4 with reference to the election, and statetl the cost of his election and petition, which has already been reported. He also wished to make a remark with reference to a statement made by G. Buchanan, which he considered was unmanly and unjust. The imputation was that money had been paid by some persons on his account. The imputa tion was ungenerous, because it was so difficult to disprove a general statement like that; but lie would say that, to the best of his knowledge, no person had ever paid a s hilli ng on his account in respect of elections, and there WiLS no reason why they should. By Mr. Mitford—Had be '=n asked to subscribe towards the fund for su , ;, - porting municipal contests, and gave instructs ins to Mr. Ellis not to do so ; but he was free to admit that he had on one or two oc casionslueen applied to by friends, who said, " If you Won't subscribe to the election, give me something," and he had done so. He remembered giving £25 on two separate occasions, but he did not belie ;,e he had given more than £7O altogether for that pur pose. He thought that great mischief had arisen from making the municipal election accessory to the Parliamentary election. He looked upon the Glou eester Reform Club as the kale of the party. He had objected to it, but could not prevent its being formed, and he subscribed £lO to it as a benefit club. By Mr. Vaughan—Never asked the (London) Re- I form Club for money, nor would he have conde scended to accept. one shilling. He was himself a member of th_ts, club, and it was a fallacy lo suppose that theßeformClub contributed to election expenses. No doubt a subscription was ente'eed into, but it was independent of the Reform Club. He never asked for any assistance, nor could he have accepted it. The cost of the election for 1832 was £B2O or £B3O, which included 1;125 given to the mayor for charities in lieu of being chaired, and also £lOO expended by Mr. Ellis in watching the petition which was lodged against his return, but never prosecuted. He paid two-thirds of the Liberal expenses of that election, Admiral Berkeley paying one-third. Mr. Price also explained as to a sum of £94 10s. which had been expended on the day of the poll in 1857, but which was subsequently fully explained by the next witness. Mr. R. Potter, ti m b er merchant, and partner with Mr. Price, stat e d th a t , on the nay of the poll in 1857, Brewer Monk came to him about two o'clock in the afternoon. The poll was then against Messrs. Berkeley and rrice, and Brewer Monk said he could not get money to pay the outvoters their travelling expenses, and u p on this he gave him £94 10s. The account remained in the books of the firm until April, 1858, when it was transferred to Mr. Price's private account. Undoubtedly he might have suspe c t e d that among these " expenses" there might have been some bribery. Thought it very likely that ho had suspected that, in the ex citement of the election, money might have been spent without very nicely distinguishing the boun daries between legal and illegal expenses. Mr. John Chadbourn took part in the election of 1857 on behalf of Mr. Price and Mr. Berkeley, and paid away altogether about £47. His papers were all destroyed, but, as far as his memory served, he would account for the amount. He paid 15 men, whom he employed on hi s own account —f or h e had strict instructions from Mr. Prieo not to pay any money—about £2O. They were a kind of " roughs" to protect voters. He also paid £lO or £l2 ex.- penses.of voters co m i ng f rom a di stance—legitimate travelling expenses —and the rest went in inciden tals. He subsequently received £35, which he employed in gettin g u p ev id ence i n support o f t h e petition._ Mr. W. Viner Ellis, agent to Mr. Price at the election for 1857, gave an account of the moneys received from that gentleman. He had paid £235 3s. 7d., the auditor's account, and £22 is. for after expenses. This was the cost of the elec tion. He also paid in respect of the petition which followed Mr. Coppock's bill, about £340, to eChadbourn, the last witness, £35, and some smaller sums, making altogether £646 for election and expenses of petition. His instructions were not to expend any money in expenses, and on the poll day he was pestered to death by applications, so that at last he was obliged to take refuge in Mr. Phillpott's office. They came to him and said, " Wecan win the election if you'll stand a little money ;" but he told them that if half-a-crown spent in bribery or corruption would win the election, he would not give it. Mr. Probert, jun., who canvassed for the liberal party in 1857, received £lO for his expenses, and paid the voters small sums to vote for Berkeley and Price. The other party he found was buying up all the votes. Mr. David Fear, cooper, had transactions with the firm of Price and Co., and never received a dis count of 4 per cent. from any bill of Price and Co.'s against his on account of his vote. Mr. Leonard Hadley supported Price and Ber keley. Neither paid nor received any money for either of them in the election. Mr. John Wodley Hughes—l sent £lO to Brewer Monk on the day of election for the payment of travelling expenses. He did not say for whom he wanted it, but he said he wanted it for travelling expenses, and so on; that he was much pressed for money, and would be much obliged to me if I would advance him some. I directed him to g to Mr. Newman and get it on my account. I saw Mr. Newman and told him to let him have it. I did not at first suspect the money was for bribery, but I did afterwards when I saw the confusion and ex citement which prevailed, and that some voters were in liquor. I did not know my money was to be applied to bribery. It was generally rumoured that bribery was going forward. I don't know that it was confined to either side. Did not ad vance any money for the 1859 election, and know of no one who advanced any. Did not canvass in 1859. The £lO was repaid some months after wards, so Mr. Newman told me. I told Mr. Ellis soon after the election that I had advanced this money. It was two or three hours after I had ad vanced the money before I began to suspect it had been employed in something more than " travelling expenses." It is very likely that Mr. Ellis took refuge in Mr. Phillpott's office, as I heard he was not to be found. Mr. Joseph Moss—No money passed through my hands at the election of 1857. During the election I went into the committee room in rather an excited state, and told Mr. Ellis and Mr. Wilton that we I were losing the election through not paying a num ber of voters their d a y' s wor k ; M r. E ll i s sa id if one shilling would save the election he would not ad vance it, and I retired from the room in disgust. The Chairmaa—You were disgusted that you could get no money P—l didn't want the money; it wasthe men who wanted to be paid for their day's work. I was disgusted to think we were losing the election through not paying these men the small amount they wanted merely for their day's work. John Coopey—l am a f reeman an d a d ea l er , an d I live in the parish of Churcham. I deal in sheep and pigs and cattle. In 1859 I voted for Carden, for which I received L 7 from a gentleman named John Ward. He paid me at Tandy's at the Rising Sun, before I voted. I came in with eight or nine others on a coach. In 1857 I voted for Carden, and received from John Ward. I had it from my sister, Mary Coopoy. I have voted twice for Mr. Hope and twice for Mr. Carden. I never got any thing for voting for Mr. Hope. Nobody offered me anything. Mr. William Withers—l was at a beerhouse called the Victory on the polling day in 1857. There were several ;voters called Drinkwater there ; there were four or five of them. They wanted 50s. each to vote, but I would not give it to them. They were taken off in a fly and voted for Carden.. I paid no money at the election. I received £4 for services rendered on the petition. Charles Bossora - —I am a freeman. Mr. Hall's wife gave my little child £1 for my vote in 1859 for Mr. Monk. I voted for Carden and Monk. In 1857 I voted for Sir R. Carden, but received nothing. I had nothing from Sir R. Carden's friends in 1859. I had the £1 for my expenses in taking up my freedom when I came to Gloucester in 1847. (A laugh.) The expenses were 16s. Thomas Knight, freeman--I Toted for Carden and - Monk. I had frm-----;T4e;—•---ge D owers, and £lO I took off a table. (Laughter.) It was through Mr. Carden, Whithorn. I had a guinea in 1857 , and voted for I was paid as a messenger by Mr. Whit horn, three or four days after the election. Mr. W. C. Cooke —Was a grocer in Soutb,gte street. Ne ver to l d Henry Cox that if he would vote as I wi s h e d I would remit him a sum of money which he was i n d e b ted to roe. day, the court n adjourned till next Satur . sessions, l ueing required for the quarter COUNTRY. MARERTB. LEICESTER —Om 15. There was a moderate supply of wheat to-day, with a. fair show of other grain. Prices —White wheat, 46s to 488 —red, 40s to 458 per 36 stone; a very fair inquiry for fine barley, grinding, 28s to 3Q;•3; malting, 38s to 40s per qr. ; the oat trade was dull, at quotations ranging from 25s to 31s per 24 stone, B eans a fair sale, at 48s to 52s per 38 stone. Fine flour, 33a I Seconds, 31s I Thirds, 29s per 20 stone. NORWICH—OcT. 15. hero, to-day, there was rather a full attendance of the trade, and a firm feeling. There wag a fair show of wheat, and prices for both old and new Were at rather better rates. The supply of barley was moderate, and prices at about late rates, except for best malting, 'which was is higher. Little passing in oats, beans, or peas. White wheat. 46s to 48s Red wheat ........ 41s to 44e Malting barley....4os to 47s New malting barley3Bs to 44$ Distilling do.. • ...24s to 27s Oats.. ............ 24s to 28s Flour, 29s 6d to 30s per sack from the miller. • GLOUCESTER—OcT. 15. At our market there was rather a large attendance, and a steady trade was done. Prices were at about fully the cur rencies of this day se'nnight. NOTTINGRAM—OcT. 15. We had a small attendarth e at to-day's market, and a fair supply of grain. The e7'(reme prices of last week, however, were maintained, it some cases rather higher. Malting barley a small stow with no material change in rites; p grinding sort s a fair supply., and is lower. Oats a small show, an O dull sale ' at previous prices. WhitP, wheat, new, 45s to 508 Barley, grinding.. 26s to 275 RP:a do. 3Bs to 428 Oats, old, .. —4 to — 4 Old white 46s to 508 New do 23s to 26' Red do.. 43s to 468 Beans. 48s to 515 Barley, malting.... 378 to 44s Beans, new - 4ls to 44s Super. flour, 33s to 39s ; fine, 29s to 33s per 20 stone, STAAIFORD-OCT. 15. - - - At our market yesterday wheat obtained an advance of la on last week, with a fair show. Business dull. Barley went at the extreme prices of last week for fine qualities. Other sorts flat, and is lower. In other grain not mush doing. Wh Whfte at do 46s to 46s Oats.. ..2 2s t o SOS 46s to 48s I Beans 4os to 44e Barley •• • . ..... 30s to 45s Ditto, old 4is to 505 CAMBRIDGE—OcT. 15. - - -- - There was a tolerable supply of wheat, and, with a rather Et. ctive feeling in the trade, white moved off at 44s to 485; red, 39s to 41s per 36 stone. Spring corn was by no means plentiful. Barley, malting 41s to 445, grinding 25s to 305 per 30 stone. Oats at 20s to 26s for new ; old oats, —9 t° —s. Beans in limited supply, and a heavy sale—new, 4 05 to 42s ; old, —8 to —a per 38 stone ; peas, 36s to 40s per 36 stone. NORTHAMPTON—Ocr. 15. At this corn-market wheat was in fair supply, and sold at about late rates—prices ranging from 40s to 45s for whits and 40s to 43s per quarter for red. There was a fair trado passing in barley. Oats, with a slow demand, quoted at 24s to 325. Bea ns , o ld, 408 to 60s; new, 40s to 445. BY., 30s to 365; malt, 64s to 68s. DUBLIN—OcT. 14. The market was fairly supplied. Wheat of all qualitio s met a ready sale, and fully supported late rates. Indian corn in improved demand, and a large business done, at an advance of 6d per qt. - P. a. g. d. Wheat, white 22 6 to 26 0 Do., red 2l 0 to 24 6 Do., new Barley Oats Do., black l4 0 to 15 0 s. d. Do., nee► ll 0 to 12 6 iere. l3 0 to 14 0 Rapeseed 2O 0 to 22 6 Oatmeal l2 6 to 14 6 Bakers' flour Indian corn 29 oto 30 FOREIGN MAIL PACKET LIST. In the following table E signifies that letters are despatelle 3 by evening mails from London, and I<i by morning mai . _ _ __ Nest DESTINATIONS. Despatch* Port of 3 13 ' of Mails. Despatch. due. ,---• Australia and Mauritius, via O: t Southampton Nov. 12, 31 Southamp. Nov. - A Ditto, via Marseilles Bahamas and Havana via New York Oct. 28, E Liverpool.. Oot. 1 7 Canada, &c. (by Canadn. pckt ) O ct. 18, E Liverpool.. Oct. 19 Cape of Good Mope, Ascen sion, and St. Helena China, Penang, and Singa pore, via Southampton Ditto, via Marseilles Gibraltar, via Southampton .. Oct. 20, 31 Southamp. Oct. ~ Honduras and Blewflelds .... Oct. 17, /1 S ou th amp. p o t. 0 India (Calcutta) and Ceylon, via Southamton Ditto, via Ma p rseilles Oct. 0, 31 Southamp. Pot. g o E India (Bombay), via South ampton Ditto, via Marseilles OCt• I ' . .1 6 . Lisbon, Brazils,l3uenos Ayres, Oct. 18, X and F. Islands Nov. 9, 11 Southamp. NoV.„ S , Lisbon, Vigo, and Op or t o.. , Oct. —, 11 Southamp. Oct. z' Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via 1. 19 Southampton Oct. 20, II Southamp 00-• ~,,0 Ditto. via Marseilles Mexico and Havana -- United States and British N America (by British packet) Oct. 21, E Liverpool.. Oct. 19 Ditto (by U. S. packet) M West Coast of Africa, Ma deira, and Teneriffe Oct. 24, E Liverpool.. Nog. o West India, California, Vene zuela, Chili, Peru, Grey town, New Granada, &o. • • Oct. 17 . M Southamp. Oct•_„, - .016 A FRENCH PENNY-A-LINER.—We copy the 01 ' lowing gem from the Medical Times :—" When the ehi of Alibert was exil e d f rom t h e Hospital St. Louis, it fall. a refuge, or ra th er a t emple in the well-known amphitheat' " of the Rue du Paon, now called Rue Larrey. There,. petual incense reli g i ous l y b urns on the altar of the 11 "-Is' thous dermatograph er ; there, full of life and vigour, like n cedar of Leba non , fl our i shes the Dermatose Tree, wwlcii . has expired on th e ungrateful soil where it was plan t The high priest wh o guards the altar with a zeal so pion and who waters th e tree 'with such solicitude, is M. Due m ch o e s s t n f e a - i D thf up u a l r d o is th cip e l p e u of reAstiibrt.,, most ardent, and, above ally i9O [ADVERTISEMENT.I—EPPS'II (H(Homoeopathic na Cocos.—This e s t eemed preparation is sold by the P4', cipal grocers at l s. 6d. per lb., in Ilb., jib., and Z packets. Each packet is labelled " James Epps, ifonice ° pathic chemist, London." , [ADVERTIS EMENT.]—HoIIoways Pills and Ointment • Coughs—Asthm a —T he fogs and damp evening air. bo a constantly induce the troublesome cough ; which, D, s e s neglected, is followed by inflammation of the chest. u 21 ,0 cough first appearing the throat, back, and breast of t he sufferer should be well rubbed twice a day with Holhos Ointment, his Pills should be freely taken, flannel ghoul 2 be worn next th e s ki n, exposure to cold should be avoidei,lo and the wearied invalid will find every untoward symPt°o4 Speedily and p ermanent l y d i sappear, and all ill consequen° happily av er t e d. A f ew d ays ' pursuance of these ta°4o will check all perspir a ti on an d perm i t a comfortable nigh rest • the expector a ti on w ill !d ec li ne, the emaciation Cup•„j the shortness of breath vanish, and health return. [AnvEnnszmErrr.l,—Among the numerous extraoll i .,, nary cures without medicine effected by Du Barry's de cious health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Food of mdigl o tion (dyspepsia), flatulency, c ons ti pat i on, nervous, bilio a and liver 'complaints, cough, asthma, consumption, and debility, the foll ow i ng are not the least remarkable :_ - 1 " Athol-street, Perth, May 2 ,lB42.—Thirteen years' coin; indigeition, and general debility have been removed by P;; Barry's excellent Revalenta Arabica Food.—James Porter' No. 24,814, the Rev. Thomas Minster, cure of five ye sl :, 0 nervousness, with spasms and daily vomiti ngs . Froml . S. Venerable Archdeacon of Ross.-I'' o . 32,836 . " Three yesil' excessive nervousness, with pains in my neck and left sit and general debility, which rendered my lif e very m i se rallil has been radically removed by Du Barry's health-restori n f; food.—Alex. Stuart, Archdeacon of Ross, Skibberea• In tins, at is. 6d. ; 11b., 3s. ; 21b . , 6 s. 9d. ; 51b. 2 125.; 265. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, Load Fortnum, Mason, and C o. , 1 82, Piccadilly; Abbis, 7; Gracechurch-street ; 4, Ch eaps i de ; 63 and 150, Ozfor., street ; 330 and 451, Strand • 49 and 60, Bishopsgs"" street ; 85, Tottenham-court- roa d. Al so a t Dublio! Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburgh, Raimes and C°l at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew • at Manchester, Sharp Scott; at York, Raimes, Blanchard, and Co.; at Sou th ampton, Randall and Son. BIRTHS. KENT.—On the 13th inst., at Dinham-hall, Ludlow, tha wife of the Rev. Charles Kent, of a son. LONG.—On the 14th inst., at Dolforgan, the wife of R. 11. Long, Esq., M.P., of a daughter. c 1 MOUNT CHARLES.--On the 14th i ns t., a t th e F r i ar y, nl Windsor, the Countess of Mount Ch ar l es , o f a d aug lite' PORTAL.—On the 14th inst., a t L averstoke House, /loth the Lady Charlotte Portal, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. CASSIDT-HILL.-011 the 13th inst., at St. James's, A 1 ,, 0 cadilly, Arthur Cassidy, Esq., of the Military Train ;P a second surviving son of the late Colonel Cassidy:kr"' Reg►t„ to Elizabeth Hay, youngest daughter of J. P. Hill, Esq., of Gressenhall Hall, co. Norfolk. HOWMAN—PEARSON.— se On on'dthdeaul:hthterino Inne r Surrey, George Arthur K. Howrnan, Esq., of the Inn Ts.emrepalers,otno,AEusgqrta,t,heatlaMteituchesocif DEATHS. BREDIN.—On the 13th inst., at Park-placa, Greenwi,,,e l4 Margaret, the widow of the late Major-General Brea" Royal Artillery, aged 71. Fou'rEscuE.—On the 25th ult , at Camacha, M a d e ira, 0 1° Hon. John "Wm. Fortescue, ' aged 40. HAnursow.—On the 11th inst., in the Vale of Cartin i t North Lancashire, George llarrison, Esq., formerly o i l! Stone-buildings, Lincoln's-inn, and Highgate-hill, MI dlesex, aged 70. LLOYD. —On the 14th inst., Edwd. Lloyd, Esq., of Bltr at° near Corwen, aged 81. NICTIOLS.—On the 11th i ns t ., suddenly, at Milton, ic - Atitt Commander T. G. Nichols, R.N., aged 74. NOWELL.—On the 10th inst., at Stonefield, DewsburP Yorkshire, James Nowell, Esq., aged 66. RODGERS.—On the 14th inst., at Abbeydale, near She l. field, John Rodgers,,Esq., aged 81. LONDON : Printed and Published by WEIRDO yo w--, 1 of No. 112, Strand, Pri n t er, at The St,ta Office, No. l h o i Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in rhct multi Dliddleoex, Jllop.day, October 17,.1859..1 1 .:,&3.~