The Sun. — London, England, 1869-02-11 00:00:00

THE CONVE3T CASE. 'lie Case of " Sanrin v. Starr progresses slowly. Yesterday the defendants' evidence was given. Before the ordinary proceedings had commenced, however, Mr. Hawkins called his lordship's attention to a leading article that appeared in the Times yesterday morning, commenting on the case in a manner that was likely to greatly prejudice the defendants' case before they had had an opportunity of being heard. The Lord Chief Justice : I have not had time to read the Times this morning, further than the report of yes terday's proceedings. The foreman of the jury easel he had just inquired of his brother jurymen, and they informed him that they had not seen the article. Mr. Hawkins handed the paper to his lordship, who looked over the article. The Lord Chief Justice said : I confess I think it would have been better if the writer had waited until the case had ended, because observations made in the public press are likely to prejudice a case; at all events it is likely to give annoyance to persons interested. From the cursory glance I have had of the article I don't think the defen dants have much to complain of. Mr. Hawkins : I am not in the least making this appli cation to your lordship because I believe that the jury will be prejudiced by it, but it is painful to the defendants to have these comments made before their case is ended. If your lordship will just read the end of the article I think you will be of a different opinion. The Lord Chief Justice : It appears to me to be a cona- Ment or criticism on conventual and monastic institutions —on the system—rather than on the interests and rights of these parties. Mr. Hawkins : I will not say more than ask your lord ship to express an opinion upon the matter. The Lord Chief Justice : Whilst I am ready to give the fullest latitude to the observation made by the writers in the public press on what passes in courts of justice, it is very desirable that nothing should be said before a case is ended. Mrs. Starr, the defendant, deposed lam one of the defendants, and was formerly the Mother Superioress at Hull and Clifford. I have ceased to be so since July 1867. I entered the convent of the Sisters of Mercy in Begot street in July 1853, as a postulant, and was admitted as a sister in 1850. In August 1855 I went to Clifford. I had been appointed superioress a week after I went to Clifford. Three sisters went with me. It was a new foun dation. I was appointed on the authority of Dr. Briggs, the late bishop, who delegated his autho rity to a priest, Mr. Clifford. That appointment was for six years. Miss Saurin entered the convent in Bagot-street in 1850. There was a rule and a set of customs. This is the book of customs prevailing in Bagot-street. It is a transcript of what was used in Bagot-street, and was the book in force at Hull and at Clifford. 'There has been one alteration made since with regard to visitors. That alteration was made about four years ago. (The rule was read.) That was the same custom in substance as the old one. Ido not know where to get a copy of the old one. The alteration was made by the community in Bagot-street, and in 1863 I got a copy of it and introduced it in our hook of customs. The rules are the same for all convents, but the customs may differ. The convent at Bagot-street had no autho rity over me after I left. When postulants first come into the convent the rules are read to them, and they are allowed them to read and study themselves. Besides the rules and customs there are certain instructions as to the rules. They were put into print in 1866. These instruc tions were read to the postulants by the mistress of novices. I was acquainted with the plaintiff while at Bagot-street, not more than with the rest of the communicants till after my profession. We were not closely connected. She was in the laundry, and lin the school. After I was a professed sister she became the same. I was then a little more acquainted with her, through the absence of the superioress, who gave me the charge the while. The plaintiff complained of being badly treated by her, and I tried to reconcile her. In 1856 I went to Clifford, and shortly after I applied to the superioress at Bagot-street for an additional sister, and I named three or four, Miss Saurin amongst the number. I mentioned her because I thought she would be useful in needlework and the laundry. She had not education sufficient for teaching. We taught needlework in the industrial schools. I was not aware of any difficulty about her coming until after she came. I only made one application for her, and not several, as she has stated. I gave her a junior class to teach the alphabet and to instruct in needlework and housekeeping. 'The latter duties were trifling, as there were but three or four sisters in the house, and she had a lay sister under her. I went to Dublin in 1865, but plaintiff did not accompany me. I saw her mother on that occasion, and she expressed her satisfaction at her being with me, and her dissatisfaction at her having been sent from Bagot-street. She spoke of her daughter being in the laundry at Bagot-street as bad treatment—as an indignity towards her on their part. The convent in Hull was established in January 1857, as a branch of the Clifford establishment, and I continued superioress of both. The number of the sisters increased, and we had three or four postulants. Some of them subsequently became sisters. The number of sisters at Hull fluctuated, but we never had more than four at one time. Postulants are called sisters by courtesy but not by right. At Clifford we had three or four altogether. We had as many as twenty-four, including postulants, at the same time in the establishment between 1857 and 1866. In January 1857 I went to Hull, and returned to Clifford in February. Plaintiff then went to Hull. I remained at Clifford until April. I was in weak health at the time. Mrs. Kennedy was left in charge at Hull during my absence. In August 1857 Mrs. Kennedy was appointed by the bishop, Dr. Briggs, Mother Assistant. Up to this time the plaintiff broke the rule of silence fre quently. I observed some of it myself, but principally I was informed of it by others. In April or May Mrs. Kennedy told me she had a great deal of trouble with her in Hull, in her intercourse with seculars, particularly the young women who attended the night schcols. She also complained of her irregularities in being late at the duties of the commu nity, such as spiritual duties in the choir, and meals in the refectory—in short, a great want of punctuality. I spoke to the plaintiff about it, and cautioned her to be more reserved for the future towards seculars, and to be more regular at her duties. She promised me she would try. She at first denied the charges, and tried to excuse her self. In July 1857 Miss Saurin was at Hull. I went back there. In 1858, 1859, and part of 1860 we were much together. In 1858 she was housekeeper, and had needlework to teach as well a junior class in the night school. I observed that she was then irregular and unpunctual in coming to her duties. She did not observe the rule of silence, but spoke to the school girls, the children of the schools, unnecessarily. Unneces sary talking to children is a breach of the rule—a disobe dience to orders, but the particular circumstances, I cannot recollect. The Lord Chief Justice : Can't you tell us the particu lars of the disobedience? Defendant : I cannot call them to mind. I noticed want of sincerity in her. When accused of a fault she had com mitted she would deny it and give equivocal and evasive answers, and afterwards be obliged to admit the fault when I proved it was true. I had to speak to all the sisters about their faults. We expect a sincere admission of a fault before it is proved. She would endeavour to throw the blame on the other sisters for her own faults. A novice came and told me plaintiff had been talking a long time in the out school, and that bad caused her to be late. Plaintiff, when she was accused of it, denied it, and said it was all a mistake. I reproved for her stratagem with the novice in trying to deceive her. There was some confusion about this part of the case, when The Lord Chief Justice, appealing to the learned counsel, said : It is such stuff. What is the use of pur- suing it further? It was only idle talk. Let us get on with something more material. Defendant • Plaintiff habitually denied her faults when she was accused of them. I frequently spoke to her of her want of truth, and she admitted it during 18.58 and 1859, as well as her disobedience and her non-observance of the rule of poverty. I observed she had many things she ought not to have had, such as working materials, and I told her she would have great remourse on her death-bed from her want of poverty. She had pieces of calico which she said remained after she bad made some ceremony work. I had supplied her with the calico, and she ought to have returned it to me insttad of applying it to her own use. The Lord Chief Just:c.3 : Did she take it away, or did she give it up to you? Defendant : I think she did. The Lord Chief Justice : Then she did not apply it to her own use. Defendant : She may have done so. The Lord Chief Justice : But she did not. Be cautious in what you state. Defendant : One of the sisters lost a devotional book— " Devotions to Jesus." Plaintiff knew I bad given it to the sister. I found it secreted amongst her clothes in a cabinet in a cell. I asked her why she had taken the book, because she knew I had given it to the other aster. She said she had found it, and was keeping it for me. I said that could scarcely be the ease, as she knew I had given it to another, and that it was no longer my book. She admitted she had done it, that it was wrong, and that it was a breach of "poverty." The book had been given to Mrs. M`Owne. In that year she also took a pair of boots belonging to Mrs. Kennedy, at the time of Cardinal Wiseman's visit, without permis. lion from me. The Lord Chief Justice : Then she could not borr lw a ( air te.pts 1,; gilt Your permission ? Defendant : ; there are certain things they are at lowed to borrow, but not boots, without my leave, The Lord Chief Justice Would you consider that a very grievous fault? Defendant : No ; but I did not know whether she intended to keep them. The sisters are not allowed to eat between meals, except in illness, and then dispensa tion is (ranted. On going into the pantry I saw her stand ing before a ham. I asked her a question, but she could not answer me, her mouth was so full— (laughter)— and all the lower part of her face was besmeared with grease. (Loud laughter, in which his lordship joined.) When she saw me she turned quite pale, and appeared almost fainting for a few moments. Then she sprang from the place where she was, very frighted, and looked seriously, but I did not like to reprove her, because I thought the confusion she had suffered a sufficient atone ment. Up to 1861 I remarked that when she was at table with me she scarcely ate anything. About two ounces, or less, would generally be the amount of food she would take at a meal in my presence, and then she appeared to eat it with disgust and disrelish, as if it appeared to make her ill. I thought she was ill. She seldom came to meals with me as a duty, but she made an excuse to stay away about housekeeping. It was not her duty to cook. We generally had a lay housekeeper and a servant to do that. It was her duty to carve and have the meals served out. She had not permission to eat at other times, but I desired a sister to prepare things and give them to her at meals and between meals, such as beef-tea and custard puddings, because I was afraid she would be ill from her indiscreet abstinence. I never gave plaintiff my permission to prepare those things for herself. I noticed partiality on her part in the distribution of food. It was pointed out to me by Mrs. M`Owne at Hull in 1858, 1859, and 1860. She gave more and better food to the seniors than the juniors. I changed them without seeing what was on the plates. The Lord Chief Justice : Then the seniors got the best of it. Mr. Mellish :No ; the worst of it. The plates were changed. (Laughter.) Defendant : I took one plate myself one day. t did not that day get enough for my dinner. (Laughter.) charged plaintiff with partiality, but she denied it. The Lord Chief Justice : How is it served ? Would the first cut of a leg of mutton be given to the senior, and soon? Defendant : No; indiscriminately. But I saw that the person who brought in the food lifted the covers and saw what was there, and changed it about. The Lord Chief Justice : Did Miss Saurin do thist Defendant : No ; another person. The Lord Chief Justice : How do you know Miss Saurin gave her directions to do it and to shift the plates about? You assumed it? Defendant : Yes, I assumed it. When I charged plaintiff with it she admitted her partiality, and said Mrs. Nl`Owne had no right to complain, because she made it a point to give her a good dinner to keep her tongue quiet. (Loud laughter). Delicate sisters have less food given to them. I sent plaintiff to Clifford in 1858, on account of her bad example to the sisters, and not to get up the school, and to keep her especially from the unauthorised intercourse with seculars. In September 1860 I took plaintiff to Dublin. She saw her relations there as often and as long as she wished. I saw Mrs. Saurin, but nothing particular occurred between us. We returned to Clifford at the beginning of November. I went then to Hull. I did not in 1800, or at any other time, ask Miss Saurin to tell me her confession to the priest. She once told me of her own accord the advice a priest had given to her, and she did it to excuse herself from disobeying me. I ccmplained that her letters to her father and mother and her relations were too tender in their affections. She said that she had asked her confessor, and that he had told her she might write affectionately to her friends. Miss Sanrin was in the habit of volunteering her confessions until I rebuked her. The other sisters wrote affectionately, but not so excessive. The Lord Chief Justice: Are not sisters allowed to write to their parents in terms of tenderness and affection ? Defendant : Not in excessive terms. The Lord Chief Justice : Then I am to take it that if a sister writes, she may write affectionately, but not with excessive tenderness. Do you remember bow Miss Saurin wrote? Defendant : No ; I don't remember anything particular. The tone of her letters was different from those of the other sisters. Mr. Mellish : Now, here is one letter addressed "My dear and very dearest uncle." Is that too strong? (Laughter.) The Lord Chief Justice : That uncle is a priest, and therefore it is not writi ng t o a secu l ar . _ _ Mr. Mellish : I am not so sure of that. Plaintiff :We are taught reserve of language. The extreme even of natural affection is to be repressed within reasonable bounds. The Lord Chief Justice : Do I understand that a nun is not to love a father ancl mother as much as a secular. Defendant : They may, and perhaps more. The Lord Chief Justice : But not to expres3 it. Defendant : They are not to be excessive in their mani festations of affection. They are taught they must be modulated by religious reserve and decorum. I never required her to tell me her confession. If a superior did it she would be deposed. I never absented myself with Mrs. Kennedy from recreation that Miss Saurin should be left alone. Miss Saurin came from Clifford to the retreat at Hull from 1860 to 1864. Mrs. M`ol,vne wrote me respecting the plaintiff. Her letters have been destroyed within the last two years. Her reports were unfavourable. She said she was disobedient, and would do just as she liked. The Lord Chief Justice : You say the letters have been destroyed within two years. When were they destroyed? Defendant : •Yes; about two years since the action was commenced. They contained matters of conscience, and I would rather suffer any penalty than allow the letters to be produced, as they contained private matters relating to Airs. INl`Owne. They would have been useful to us in other respects. The action commenced on 10th Novem• ber, 1866. The Lord Chief Justice : I should have taken care, and so would any judge, that those parts were not read. doubted the expression " within two years," and that is why I asked the question. Defendant : The letters were destroyed early in 1867. The defendant then went on to chronicle other misdeeds of the plaintiff's - burning candles in the " refectory," which had been left by the plumber, washir nes in her cell, &c. The case was again adjourned. LAW AND POLICE. THE AUTHORITIES OF ST. PANCRAS.—In the equity courts on Wednesday, before Vice-Chancellor James, a case was tried between the Vestry and the Poor-law Guardians of St. Pancras. The question at issue was whether a building erected some years since by the Vestry for parish purposes, and since disused, belonged to them or the poor-law guardians, and it turned upon the con struction of a section of Mr. Gathorne Hardy's Act. The Vice-Chancellor said the Act was not meant to inter fere with any existing.trust, and as this property was vested in trust for the vestrymen, the property did not pass to the guardians. PIRACY OF COPYRIGHTS. —At the Southwark Police court, on Wednesday, Mr. Graves, of Pall-mall, prose cuted a carver and gilder, of Great Dover-road, South wark, for having infringed 20 of his copyrights. The offender was fined £lOO, with the alternative of 20 months' imprisonment. THE REPRESENTATION OF WESTMINSTER. —in the event of the petition against Mr. Smith being 811 - Cessful, it is rumoured that Sir John Lubbock will be invited to contest that city in the Liberal interest, whilst Mr. Smith's friends talk of putting forward Lord Claud Hamilton as the Conservative candidate. The possible result of the petition is keenly discussed, and a canvass for Mr. Smith's successor, more or less active, is going on on both sides. There is more political activity now in Westminster than has been seen for many years. WANTED, A PHRENOLOGIST.--Considerable amusement was caused in the United States Senate on the 27th ult., by the presentation by Mr. Howe of a m e . morial praying for the appointment of an able phreno logist to examine all candidates for Internal Revenue appointments, to see whether benevolence, conscientious ness, causality, and comparison be their most prominent protuberances, to the end that the Government may no longer suffer from the frauds now so common in that department. The memorial was referred to the Committee on Retrenchment and Reform. RELEASE OF FENIAN PRlSoNrats.—Timothy Mannix and Thomas Walsh, who were sentenced by Mr. Tustice O'Hagan at the spring assizes of 1868 to one year's imprisonment each from the date of their arrest, for lilving taken part in the attempted rescue of Captain Mackay, were discharged from Cork county gaol on Mon lay. Their release having been expected, a crowd assem bled before the prison gates to greet them ; and when Mannix and Walsh walked forth free men, great enthu -3iaßrn was manifested. A procession having been formed, the entire party, preceded by two bands, walked into the city. On reaching the residence of Mrs. Mackay the crowd stopped, and the band played several airs. In the evening tw o b an d s paraded the principal thoroughfares, playing national airs, and stopping at intervals before houses in connection with which there were some Fenian s Qciationa. THE SUN, LONDON, T;TURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 11, 1E69. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. to be agTe r ed • Upon. raupers rbiglit be maae' supporting on this principle." This suggestion seems open. to one grave defect. The number of paupers is so large that it would produce the articles neces sary to supply the wants of paupers many times over. Bismarck on the bill for sequestrating the property eine ex-King of Hanover has been published. The Prussian Chancellor insisted that an Hanoverian Legion was directly supported by a personage residing at Hietaing— meaning King George—and that the Prussian Govern ment was perfectly justified in withdrawing the money used for this purpose, or, in other words, in confiscating the property from which these funds were realised. The legion, furnished with Austrian passports, had been transferred from Austria to Switzer land, and thence to France. The French Goverment, though it could not refuse these refugees an asylum, had nevertheless separated the officers from the men, and had forbidden all military exercises. The yearly cost of the legion could not be less than £45,000. The most important feature in this version of the speech is the entire absence of the offensive remarks relative to the French Emperor, which caused such ill-feeling in Paris. Has the speech been edited ? round. The pear is par excellence, the fruit of Cali fornia, each grown tree now standing yielding 40 bushels annually of the most delicious pears. Nor is there any drawback, for disease is unknown, and the fruit neither suffers from frost, severe cold, nor furious storms. Strange, too, to add, though their growth is so rapid and their bearing so early, the trees are not subject to quick decay, many in the mis sions, after having produced for 30 or 40 years, are in as good condition as ever, not once having failed to bear a crop during the last 20 years. A Frenchman might exclaim, " This is the land for the grape !" and he would be right. It certainly has no superior, if an equal, for the growth of the vine and the manufacture of wine. The yield is larger, the freedom from disease greater than in the best European vineyards. Seldom is the crop less than 1,000 lbs. of grapes per acre, ranging up to 20,000 lbs., and this with little labour ; for, though in Europe the vine is trained with a stock four feet high and fastened to a pole put up annually, in California it stands alone. Three hundred varieties ' have been cultivated, and all have given proof that every wine can be produced even superior in qua lity to that imported. In 1867 the vines planted, and soon to be in bearing were estimated at thirty millions, nearly all being the resultof some five years' labour. Hock, champagne, port, and claret are the varieties of wine already exported. In 1867 the quantity manufactured was four and a half millions of gallons, and for next year seven millions is the estimated produce. In 1868 five millions gallons of wine and three hundred thousand gal lons of brandy were made. A spur has been given by the reduction of the tax on grape brandy to 50 cents a gallon, and a large distillery has lately got into operation at Calistoga. Seven hundred tons of grapes were consumed in the manufacture last season. But the most interesting branch of in dustry which the marvellous young State has in augurated is the cultivation of the mulberry and the silk worm. The general absence of rain from May to November, and of explosive electricity, is said to be a highly favourable climatic condition. The worm is very healthy and produces fine cocoons, which sent to France for examination were pronounced superior in excellence, and exceeding in measure ment the European by 50 to 100 yards of silk ; and in consequence large orders were received from French establishments requiring new blood. But it is not only the worm which thrives so wonderfully, for the mulberry tree grows with the same rapidity as the fruit trees, yielding immense quantities of leaves. Eight hundred thousand cocoons were, the Commissioner tells us, brought into the market in 1865, and six times that number in 1866, while two large silk factories were manufacturing silk of great excellence. Silk culture was introduced mainly through the exertions of Mr. L. M. Prevost. Salmon and white fish are plentiful in the rivers, and a variety of sea fish abound on the coast. The hills and plains furnish grass for immense herds of cattle and sheep, and farming is "a great branch of industry. Perhaps the finest scenery in the world is to be found in California, for the country combines everything which makes up a beautiful landscape. It has mountain ranges almost unequalled in magnitude, studded with beautiful vallies, through which run perennial streams. It has grand lakes and rivers, and the noblest of known forests. The valley that corn bines the most striking and the most beautiful scenery in one view, with a series of the greatest of waterfalls, is the Yo Semite, and the groves found along the slopes of the Nevada have become one of the world's wonders. That of Calaveras contains trees running from 250 to 360 feet, and in some the trees range up to nearly 400 feet ; several of them being more than 33ft. in diameter. We have alfeady in a former number touched on the Californian produce of grain, which is rapidly becom ing the most important export of the State. The yield per acre is astonishing, some times equalling 60 bushels, and the quality is such that it fetches the highest price in the New York Market, being espe cially rich in gluten, while its dryness makes it peculiarly valuable for export, more especially to tropical climates, being less liable to ferment and rot; and it is said to absorb moisture and increase in weight in transit. Of barley, Mr. Hill, on a farm of 100 acres, raised a crop of 14,909 bushels. We cannot then wonder that a country so favoured for agriculture should in a large degree become agricultural, and the basis of Californian stabilityis derived from the most genuine source, and that one which never fails. The census of 1860 gave a population of 379,994, which has now increased to about 600,000. On the previous census, that of 1860 showed an increase of 150 per cent. in ten years in the acreage enc!osed ; and fifteen-fold in value, while the live stock in creased from four-fold to two hundred-fold, and in value twelve-fold. The annual growth of San Francisco is computed at 10 per cent., that rate having proved the law for ten years past, though the actual increase for last year was over thirteen per cent. Calculating the population to be 143,000 at this rate the increase in 1872 would make it 207,000. The greatest marvel of the State, how ever, is the progress of its manufacturing industry. Even in 1860 there were 8,468 establishments with a capital of $22,051,096 using raw material valued at $27,051,674, the cost of labour beiag528,402,287, and the product of the year's operations $68,253,228, leaving a profit of $12,799,267, or 58 per cent, on the capital invested. No official returns have lately been made, but enough is known to show an enor mous increase, of which the best proof was fur nished in a recent exhibition of Californian industry, held at San Francisco. Beside the silk, to which we have already alluded, woollens take a high rank. All the wool raised on the Pacific Slope was consumed in its own mills as well as considerable importations. Blankets of a very superior quality were principally manufactured, but there are excellent cloths as well. Paper, rope, tobacco, sugar refining, and a great variety of other manufactures thrive, but the main industry is di rected to supplying machinery of all descriptions for the mines ; steam engines, both stationary and locomotive, quartz crushing, pumping, and all manner of devices for raising and reducing ore s . The growth of the distilleries has necessitated the manufacture of glass, which is now among the numerous articles of its commerce. When we give the railroads constructed in the State, it will not surprise our readers to learn that rolling mills are' in operation, and everything necessary to build and supply a line with all its requirements. Indeed a machine unknown to Europe, of which a minute account was given in our colipons, has lately been at work in aiding in the building Of the Central Pacific. Nor must it be overlooked that one of the greatest feats of railway engineering ever accomplished was by this State in surmounting the difficulties of the ISierra Nevada. The railroads at present in actual operation are as follows :—Central Pacific, Sacra mento to State line, 138 miles long ; San Francisco and San Jose, 50 miles; California Pacific, from. Vallejo to Sacramento, 60 miles; Valleja Junction to Calistoga, via Napa, 361 miles ; Sacramento Valley, from Sacramento to Shingle Springs, 45 miles ; Central and Yuba, from Folsom to Marys ville, 40 miles ; Marysville to Oroville, 30 miles ; Almeda to Oakland, 20 miles ; Petaluma to Itud sill's Landing, 3 miles—total number of miles, 4221. Besides the railroads enumerated, there is one six miles long in Contra Costa county, which is used exclusively to transport coal from the Mount Diablo mines to water navigation. California, though not destined in the future to be supported by its precious metals, was made by the discovery of gold. It was conquered from Mexico in 1846 and afterwards purchased. In 1850 it was admitted as a State, but this was not accomplished until two years after the discovery of gold in the spring of 1848. James M. Marshall having erected a saw mill on the south fork of the American river in the present town of Coloma, saw, as the water rushed through the tail-race, shining particles of metal, which he recognized as gold. This was in March, yet in July of that year 4,000 persons were working on the American river, extracting from $30,000 to $40,000 of gold a day, which had accu mulated by November to one million sterling. Next year the numbers increased to 15,000 ' persons, reaching before the close of 1849 to 55,000; soon the product mounted to $90,000,000, and in the year 1853 the gold obtained was $ 6 5,000,000. From that date California has be- ELECTION PETITIONS. The remarkable victory won in that most Pro testant of cities, Londonderry, by an advocate of dis establishment over a son of the then Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, Lord Claude Hamilton, has stood the test of the longest election inquiry which has yet been held. Mr. Dowse has been declared duly elected. This is the ninth member whom the Conservatives have failed to unseat on petition ; in addition to which they have withdrawn several other petitions. The Liberals have failed at Lichfield and Walling ford. The most serious case at'present is that a t Tam worth, where Sir Rob er t Peel is charged with having debauched the constituency with drink, in the endeavour to get his old chief, Sir Henry Bulwer, returned, rather than his distant relative (to whom he is more kinned than kind) Mr. John Peel. BRADFORD POLITICS. The split in the Liberal party at Bradford still con tinues. Mr. Thompson, who defeated Mr. Miall at the election of October 18(37 (after the death of Mr. Wickham), has consented to stand. The Radicals decline, to accept him, and there is some prospect of Mr. Miall being put forward for the third time. The admiration of the public for Mr. Baron Martin's decision in the Bradford election case is not so general as has been supposed. The Bradford Times complains, and the Standard echoes the com plaint, that substantial justice has not been done. It is pointed out that evidence was given sheaving that Forster's and Miall's supporters had freely dis tributed beer at certain houses. Agency, however, was not established. Mr. Ripley was unseated for treating. He, as well as Mr. Forster, was declared to be innocent of allowing the illegal practices. Mr. Forster is allowed to remain seated because what was done by his vice-chairman was without his knowledge. Why, then, it is asked, should Mr. Ripley be unseated for doing that of which the judg ment declares him to be personally innocent ? THE TELEGRAPHS BILL. The Telegraph, in a sub-leader, assures the public that the Government have not the least intention of allowing the Act for the acquirement of the tele graphs by the State to become a dead letter. Unavoidable delays have taken place, but the neces sary arbitration as to the amount to be given for the lines is soon to be continued, and a Money Bill is likely to be introduced this session. The Telegraph declares that the Chancellor of the Exchequer intends to drive a hard bargain in the interests of the public. Both of these announcements are satis factory; for it would be beneath the dignity of a Government to refuse, on account of party jealousy, to carry out an Act passed almost unanimously; it would be equally an evil to allow the shareholders to carry off more money than they are entitled to haves THE LORD-LIEUTENANT OF ITESTMORELAND AND CUMBERLAND. Mr. Disraeli's Government did not forget to reward its supporters, and the late Premier exercised his power up to, and eTen after, his resignation. 'There were, it is currently reported, a very large number of lesser appointments made after " the inter view " with her Majesty, and while prepara tions were being made to " turn out." But the one which attracted the most notice was the appointment of Mr. henry Lowther to the Lord-Lieutenancy of Westmoreland and Cumberland. The union of two counties is unusual and objectionable. Mr. Lowther's great zeal in the Conservative cause has made him objectionable to his political opponents, and a stand ing resolution of thellouse of Commons rules that "It is a high infringement of the liberties and privileges of the Commons of Great Britain for any lord of Parliament, or any lord-lieutenant of any county, to concern themselves in the election of members to serve for the Commons in Parliament." Moreover, the appointment had all the savour of a private arrangement between the Earl of Lonsdale, who suddenly resigned, and the late Government ; the Earl wishing to keep the Lord-Lieutenancy in his family. A petition setting forth these facts has been presented to Parliament asking for inquiry into the matter. DOCKYARD ECONOMY. The spirit which led the Admiralty to sell old ships for an extraordinary low price, and then to buy back the copper got from them for about double the money, seems to animate all our dockyard " bar gains." At Portsmouth recently there was sold for 60. per sack a large quantity of sawdust. The sacks in which the said sawdust was packed cost ls. a piece, and several days were spent by the labourers in filling them. But those who laugh at the quill-pen economy would probably think such matters beneath notice. It should be added that the announcement appears in the papers of the adoption in the dockyards of Mr. Seely's system of accounts. Under the new system the true cost of every article made and every ship built at each will be ascertained, and a com parison of the economy and efficiency of different dockyards be rendered possible. sin JOHN ACTON ON HOMAN CATHOLIC POLITICS. I . Sir John Acton has made a remarkable speech on the politics of the R oman C a th o li c par t y . He pointed to the fact that there were forty Roman Catholics fewer in the present than in any previous Parliament since Emancipation; but that fact did not discourage him. It was only transitory. The Conservatives at the late election called in the aid of a very powerful auxiliary in the shape of the "No Popery " cry, which served as a mask by which bad Christians might appear good Churchmen, and a watchword which reconciled for the moment the clergy of the Establishment with the worst of the population. The very serious loss which the Liberal cause sustained in Lancashire was partly due to the great dread of Fenianism and the artifice by 'which the Conservatives endeavoured to confound all Irish men and Catholics with Fenians. lie thought they had consolation for the small number of Catholics in Parliament in the consideration that it was not desir , able for them to take an active part in the unquestion ably invidious work which the present Parliament had before it in the despoiling of the Protestant Church in Ireland. So far from being disappointed at ithe result of the elections, he believed the Act which had thrown open the franchise to the great mass of the population, instead of an injury to Catholics to be a greater benefit to them even than the Emancipation Act. It had put an end to the domination of one class over another, which had been the great obstacle to civil and religious liberty, and must inevitably be followed by the downfall of the d om i na ti on of race over race, and religion over religion, in Ireland. Ile regarded this as a certain and not remote conse quence of the Reform Act. He thought that the Ballot was most necessary to quiet Ireland, because the tenants vote was the root of the enmity existing between him and the landlord. He considered the disestablishment of the Irish Church certain to be effected; but he did not *wish his co-religionists to have any portion of the revenues of that Church ; rather they should be prepared to make a sacrifice by surrendering the Maynooth grant. lie added an interesting incident by way of shewing how differently Mr. Gladstone's policy was viewed even by those who thought alike on many other topics. Shortly before his death the late Mr. Keble met Dr. Newman for the first time for twenty years, and in the course of conversation on the proposal to throw out Mr. Gladstone for Oxford, Dr. Newman said, "If I were in Oxford I should be obliged to vote against him, for he is going to put down the Irish Church." Mr. Keble said, "Well; but is it not just 1 - " This story sets at rest the dispute raised a few weeks ago as to Mr. Keble's opinion on the Irish Church question. THE MARQUIS OF WESTMINSTER. The Marquis of Westminster is lying at Eaton Hall seriously out of health. His lordship, who is probably the richest man in England, is in his 75th year. His eldest son is Earl Grosvenor, M.P. for Chester, who was one of the leaders of the Adul lamites three years ago. MANCHESTER PROTECTIONISTS. The, secretary of the Manchester Chamber of ,)ommerce writes denying that the Manchester men are lapsing into the " heresy " of protection. If there are a few backsliders, the Chamber knows nothing of them. The great mass of the manufac turers believe that the commercial treaty with France has been a great boon, and they desire to have it renewed at the expiration of the trial decade. THE TAXATION OF THE CLERGY. "An Essex Rector" points out in the Times the ex cessive taxation with which the clergy are burdened. He urges that the dwellers in towns really know nothing of the poor-rate, since it is levied only on their rent, while the dwellers in villages have it assessed on their whole incomes. Further, while other ratepayers are allowed large deductions before the assessment is made, the clergyman is taxed to the very last shilling of his income. Nobody is expected to give so liberally as a clergyman; nobody is so heavily taxed. In the "Essex Rector's" own case he has to pay one-third of his income in rates and taxes for the village school and parochial charities. UTILISATION OF PAUPERISM. A West-end London Poor-law Guardian suggests that paupers should made to produce all requisites for pauper maintenance and pauper use. Ile would open workshops at which the paupers should be employed at the various trades to which they have been brought up. These shops might be provided by obtaining the use of some of the vacant railway arches with which London abounds. "At these shops let there be produced the neces saries revired for carrying on the workhouses, and let there be at Lind also such labour, sltilled and other, as may be requisite to do the necessary repairs of workhouses. It may happen one union would occasionally suffer from a dearth of labourers of some sort, while a neighbouring workhouse would have a superfluity ; an interchange of such labour could easily be arranged and be paid for upon a scale ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPLAINS IN PRISONS• The Aldermen of the City of London have again considered the question of Roman Catholic Chaplains in gaols. It will be remembered that the question was referred to the Gaol Committee to consider and report upon. But that was too much for. the Protestantism of some of the aldermen, and notice was given of a motion rescinding that reference. This motion, coming up on Tuesday, was passed by a majority of l 0 to i. And so the City of London prisoners who won't hear the Protestant chaplain are to be preserved against such advice as the " emis saries of the Papal Church" might give. Only that advice might lead to their reformation. The Town Council of Liverpool have also had a similar subject under discussion. There is an immense number of Roman Catholics in the Liverpool work house ; but the representatives of the " worthy burgesses " are afraid of paying a priest to attend them. An attempt was made on Monday to appoint a Roman Catholic chaplain, but it failed, the Council passing a resolution in favour of the voluntary system by 14 to 9. MONEY-LENDERS. Unhappy is he who, holding her Majesty's com mission in the army or navy, is in want of funds. The money-lenders will present him with such tempt ing offers that he will want great strength of mind to resist their temptations. "A Guardian," who came across one of the circulars with which his ward was being tormented, opened a correspondence with the lenders, and discovered that they only wanted 72 per cent. on £240, and the payment of that amount for £2OO received. Not bad interest this ! THE EMIGRATION MOVEMENT. The emigration question is beginning to occupy a good deal of attention, and steps have been taken to resuscitate the National Colonial Emigration Society, which suspended its operations in July 18G0. The society in its time did good service. Lord Lyttelton was its president, and during the cotton famine it assisted some 1,500 per sons to emigrate. Strangely enough, it was just at the outset of the severe and long-continued dis tress that the society was dissolved, the committee believing that there was sufficient demand in this country for skilled male and female labour. No such belief can exist at the present time, and therefore the members of the old committee have again enrolled themselves into a society with the same object, but with a slightly different title. It was proposed to invite the co-operation of the East-end Emigration and Relief ' Committee, and to hold public meetings as soon as possible in the City and in the West-end. It was stated at the meeting that there was an intense desire for emigration among many classes, and that the bulk of the workmen thrown out of employ by the Government reductions would be unable to find work. Mr. Verdon has taken up the cause of the - Victorian colonists, and defends them from recent attacks made upon them respecting their appropriation of the pro ceeds of land sales, which were intended to assist emigration. Mr. Verdon explains that the colonists are perfectly at liberty to alter the law which they themselves made, and that there is no im perial obligation on the subject. Some system is necessary in selecting emigrants, and as Victoria is the most concerned in the matter she has the right of choice. If more suitable persons had been willing to emigrate, the whole amount originally intended would have been available for their use. Emigration is subject, like other national movements, to various complex laws, and it is useless to insist upon each year furnishing the same result. The Australians claim their self-government as an inherent right, and though they will listen readily to any suggestions trom the home tiovernment, they will not submit to dictation. THE DEATH-LIST. In spite of the warm winter, the death-list in the Times is a long one. High Churchmen will regret to learn the death of Mrs. Carter, wife of the well known Rector of Clewer, who died on the 17th, aged 08; it was but a few weeks ago that Mr. Carter lost his aged fath er . S avans w ill eq ually symp a thi se with Sir Roderick Murchison on the death of his wife, at the advanced age of 80 ; the deceased lady was about three years older than her husband. One of the saddest notices is that announcing the death of five childr en o f M r. ll ercu l es S co tt, o f Kincar dineshire. They were all carried off by that terrible scourge diphtheria, in seven days—a fearful week for the parents. THE WEATHER. Lord Frederick Cavendish writes from Eastbourne that his thermometer rose at two o'clock on Satur day to 80 in the sun. In Yorkshire the farmers are crying out terribly. They say that during a whole year past the weather has been entirely wrong. A remarkably mild winter in 1807-08, followed by an open spring, a blazing summer of five months, a rainfall greatly below the average for the first nine months, and very much above it for the last three months, giving nearly a total aver a g e , were th e great features of 1808. The temperature of May was hotter than June, which, though hot, was exceeded by July. Strangely, the August temperature, though high, was not so high as that of September. June, usually wet, was drier than July, which, generally wettest, was driest of all; and it was not till December the flood waters fell. These results have caused a most abnormal state of things, and the great fear now is that spring frosts and a low temperature may undo all benefit that has hitherto accrued to the country. During the winter there have been only five nights of frost, the lowest temperature registered being 25.50 deg. Cabbage and brocoli are running to seed, potatoes have grown to a solid mass in the pits, the fruit-trees are out in blossom, the turnips have rotted, and the wheat is "proud." SILK SU P PLY ASSOCIATION. Some gentlemen interest e d i n t h e trade have pro posed to form a Silk Supply Associatio n on a b as i s similar to that of the Cotton Supply Association. The principal object is to stimulate the production of silk in every country where the mulberry -tree sup plies the necessary food for th e s i l k worms, and especially in those districts of India where the culti vation of the silkworm has almost ceased, notwith standing special natural advantages for its propagation. The association also proposes to encourage the pro duction of the best kind of silkworms, and to obt a i n the aid of the British rep resentatives abroad in promoting and extending. the cultivati, .on of silk. FOREIGN NOTES. THE EASTERN DIFFICULTT. The state of affairs in Greece must for the present be given up as wholly incomprehensible. " Positive informa• tion" that the crisis is at an end, and that the declaration has been accepted, reaches London and Vienna in abund• ance ; but at Paris the most complete ignorance prevailed up to Wednesday evening. No communication had been received from Athens for forty-eight hours. The Morning Post, which gives intelligence that small bands of Greeks have broken into Epirus and Thessaly, firmly believes nevertheless, in the triumph of diplomacy. As in all times of doubt or difficulty, the old alarmist rumours are reviving. A project of alliance between France, Austria, and Italy Was published first in the Journal du Havre, and has reappeared in a more definite form in several papers, notably the Journal de Paris. Of course, a general distribution of spoil on the Rhine, in the Tyrol, Silesia, and on the Danube, are the objects of this scheme. It appears to have been brought to life by the single fact that the telegraphic wires between Vienna, Paris, and Florence are at present incessantly worked by the diplomatists. On the other side, it is noticed that the Prince of Montenegro, who has just paid a visit to St. Petersburg, met with a brilliant reception from the Czar, who, not satisfied with the ordinary measure of courtesy, sent his aide-de-camp to accompany the Prince to Berlin. SPAIN. A Bayonne paper says it is certain that a Carlist move ment is preparing in that town, which is close to the Spanish frontier. A small army is being organised almost openly. The trains arriving from Spain bring almost every day recruits of a very mixed charaater, and in en rolling them the future chiefs scarcely give themselves the trouble to conceal themselves. These defenders of the throne and the altar are then disseminated by small detachments in the villages nearest the frontier, in which arms and ammunition have been for some time past accumulated. The Constitutionnel is informed that a union between the two royal branches has been effected. The ex-Queen has come to an understanding with Don Carlos, by which it is stipulated that Isabella shall abdicate in favour of her son, and that Don Carlos shall be regent during his minority. It will be rather interesting to know whether any provision has been made for ensuring that when the young prince arrives at his majority the bargain will be fully ratified. COUNT BISMARCK. Some of the French papers, ever ready to ridicule the Prussian Chancellor, express a doubt whether any project for assassinating Count Bismarck has been formed savein the fertile imaginations of frightened diplomatists; and the Liberte wickedly suggests that this may prove as great a f iasco as another alarming event did some time ago. Count I3ismarek was travelling by railway, and on arriving at one of the stations was obliged to have recourse to a locality which shall be nameless. Here the potentate was ignominiously fastened in by some wag, and the train went on without him. Intense alarm prevailed amongst the Prussian officials when the statesman was found wanting. The New Free Press, however, asserts that in the present case Count Beust did not warn the Prussian Chancellor without good reason. In one of the cities south of Vienna a young student had expressed his inten- tion of assassinating Count Bismarck, and though the information was at first disregarded, details were after. wards furnished which left no doubt on the subject. At length the "exact text" vf tileimeech delivered 1)3 , Omit DIPLOMATIC ETHICS. Though by no means a statesman of the first order, the Marquis de Moustier, who died on Friday, was very experienced and skilful in diplomacy, a " profession" to which he had been brought up. His deaf,h recalls to mind a story which caused great excitement at the time. In 1853, just before the Russian war, he was ambassador at Berlin, a post of great difficulty just then, as Prussia was undecided whether to go with the Czar or remain neutral. The King was inclined for war, but his Minister, Manteuffel, hesitated to involve his country in such a doubtful conflict. It is said that a confidential servant of the King was induced, no doubt for a large con sideration, to abstract the private correspondence that passed between the King and the Czar, which was placed every night on a table in the royal bed room, and which the King was in the habit of reading the first thing in the morning. The papers were removed during the night and replaced before they were wanted. The fraud was discovered, and, significantly enough, M. de Moustier was speedily removed from Berlin to Vienna. It was a smart performance, the only fault of which lay in its being found out. Honour and principle, it is hardly necessary to say, are expected to be laid on the shelf by those who act as the representatives of states. INDIA. At the great banquet given at Calcutta on the 11th of January, Sir John Lawrence once more enjoined the policy of non-interference in Central Asia. The opposite course, he urged, would almost certainly lead to war, impoverish the country, and involve a fresh burden of debt. On the western frontier we ought to be strong and ready, but not go beyond it. Our true policy is to con solidate rritish power within the national boundary of the hills, to organise an economical but efficient Adminis tration and to give the people of India the best possible government. THE INSURRECTION IN CUBA. The news from Cuba is more unfavourable to the Spanish cause. The insurgents captured Puerto Principe on the same day that Count Valmaseda, their chief general, entered Bayamo. At Havanna a reign of terror exists. Not only has General Dulce to contend with tho Cubans, but also with the Spanish volunteers them selves, whose excesses he is unable to control. The intense hatred between the Cuban and Spanish factions in Havanna has at length merged into open hostility. Murders are committed every night. The Cubans fire from the housetops upon the volunteers and soldiers passing through the streets, and the military retaliate by entering the houses and indiscriminately massacring the inmates. New York advices report that the newly-recruited volun teers provoke the resistance of the veople, and then fire upon them indiscriminately. BRITISH _EMIG IIA7YON 70 AMERICA No. VT.—CALIFORNIA. (From the Any7o-American Times.) Hitherto our remarks have had reference to States as homes for emigrants. But we now ad dress another class, the young man of enterprise, of means and education. United testimony proves California to be the most rising country in the world, that it has risen most rapidly, and that its progress during the next few decades will be mar vellous even in the eyes of those who expect so much. Generally, foreigners attribute this to its auriferous soil, leaving in their minds a very erroneous impression. Taking California all in all, climate, soil, productions and position, mountain, valley, and water, it is the best territory on the face of the earth. Couple this with the fact that it is in the hands of a population noted among Amer icans for their extraordinary energy and resource, and the reason is obvious why so much has been done and so much more is anticipated. It may be as well to explain here why a land so gifted is not the best adapted for the immigration of poor families. The first reason is the distance and con sequent expense. California cannot be reached except at an outlay ruinous to an impoverished family, consuming the very means essential to start them in the new land. When there their main stay, labour, is brought into competitijn with that of the Chinese coolies—a strong, hardy, industrious race. Obviously such disadvantages are fatal to that class of emigration. But, on the other hand, the latter fact appeals directly to another class as com bining advantages unequalled elsewhere in such re sources, coupled with such labour. The State extends along the Pacific coast for 750 miles, averaging in breadth 230, making an area of 188,981 square miles, or 120,947,840 acres, of which 89,000,000 acres are adapted for profitable agriculture, 40,000,000 being fit for the plough, and the rest for grazing, fruit-growing, wine culture, and other industries. The agricultural area alone exceeds that of the United Kingdom or of the peninsula of Italy, and is placed as follows: —ln the basin of the Sacra mento and San Joachim rivers fourteen million acres of arable land, in the coast valleys sixteen millions, and in the Colorado desert, Owens river valley, and the Klamath Basin ten millions, making the forty millions ploughable acres. The Eastern States are sometimes said by travellers to be tame in scenery, wanting in marked characteristics, and wearying in sameness, but California is perhaps in the most striking contrast to this of any tract on the face of the globe. Her mountains tower in stupendous snow-capped ranges, steep, rugged, and barren, with valleys like Gardens of Eden in fertility and beauty, extensive marshes spread here, and sterile deserts there, while broad grassy prairies alternate with dense ranges of forest. The Sierra Nevada runs in a mighty barrier along the eastern boun dary, and another chain pursues a parallel course along the coast. Between is a valley 500 miles in length, averaging 70 in breadth, scarcely equalled in fertility and climate on earth. Into this valley rush the streams that pour from the mountains bordering it on each side, collecting into the two magnificent rivers the Sacramento and the San Joachim, the one flowing south and the other north till they meet half way in the estuary, forming the splendid hirbour of the most rising city in the world, San Francisco. Along the entire length of the Sierra Nevada is a belt of gigantic pines, firs, cedars, oaks, furnishing an inexhaustible supply of wood. This valley is the main feature of the State, and its im portance as a producing district, we venture to say, is unequalled. Along the coast are many extensive valleys, such as the Salinas, the county of the Los Angelos, and the San Diego, and all that portion on the western slope of the range, if less fertile, is still more cool, owing to the near neighbourhood of the sea. The soil and climate of the State are emi nently adapted for wheat, barley, oats, potatoes, hops, tobacco, hay, and sorghum ; in certain loca lities to Indian corn, cotton, and the sugar-cane. Everywhere to such vegetables as are to be found in Europe, and notably to all manner of fruits, such as the apple, peach, pear, plum, cherry, apricot, nec tarine, quince, fig, and grape ; and along the south ern coast to the orange, lemon, citron, olive, pome granate, aloe, filbert, walnut, hard and soft shell almond, currants, prunes, pineapples, and the banana plantain, cocoa nut, and indigo. Strawberries, rasp berries, gooseberries, blackberries, figs (so good as to be driving those of Smyrna out of the Pacific market), grapes, and the hardier fruits, as the apple, peach, and pear, grow in abun- dance in every portion of the State ; and the trees are noted for their rapid growth, early, regular, and abundant bearing, as well as for size and quality. The Land Commissioner of the United States in a late report asserts that fruit trees Plante] in California attain the size in two years that they do in three or four on the Atlantic side. At Petaluma k cherry tree, in two years after graft ing aid three from the seed, had a trunk 7 inches round ; a plum tree of the same age was 11 feet high ; and a peach tree, one year from the bud, was 8 feet, with a circumference of 8j inches; while an almond tree, planted in January, 1855, being cut down to within a few inches of the earth, had grown in three years 20 feet high with a trunk 24 inches ------------r , --.-----. ----- '''''''. come the first of gold-producing countries, buff): ' exported, from 1849 to the close of 1866 upwar d ! 1 of $785,000,000, all but $65,000,000 being extracted from this State. The total product, up to Octo ber, 1867, is estimated at a billion, the return for the last year being $20,000,000. The mines 1113/1 wrought, besides gold, are silver, quicksilver, cop per, and coal. Tin, lead, antimony, sulphur, aln ith borax, and sulphate of magnesia are found. Petro' leum abounds, more especially in the south, in ill° , Mattole district. F rom S an F ranc i sco t h e si lver a' Nevada and other States s exported, and althougb the Union Pacific Railroad will make some changes, it is probable that the precious metals, more W e ' cially silver, will be continued to be directed to Sa ll Francisco for export to Japan, China, and Ind ia ', to which that metal usu a lly fi n d s i ts wa y as its bob_ market. Of the popul a ti on no t l ess th an 60,000 are _ Chinese, whoare fast growing in favo ur i n the labo ur, market, although at p resen t th ey may b e robbed or murdered with impunity by a w hit e man , even if in the presence of many of their countrymen, wil o3e evidence is not receivable. On the railroads the; sands are employed; in vineyards they supplant t ii whites. Without them woollen manufactures COu not be carried on; to agriculture they take n, a f t r e rally, and all washing is in their hands. Stil l `,; (3 1 supply of labour is not equal to the dea 33 . , although wages are as follows, paid in gold ', Skilled mechanics from $4 to $6 a day ; farm ba nd '', $3O to $4O a month, with board ; wood chopPT $1 50c. a cord ; female domestics, $3O a ra°' l. These advantages combine to give to California,' o bright future, though they are no t a ll. The Gold Gate is the gate to the P ac ifi c , an d more Iliar" , and decided than is Sa n dy Hook to the Atla atio b Ocean. Straight across the Continent is the bi L road to every bit of land washed by the Pai l ; (except the western co a st o f S ou th A mer ica) f r . ° oo , Europe, and the northern contine n t of Amer,' b , San Francisco is a great stati on on a wor ld's 1 4, way, and that the road which s oon w ill b e most " a i l versed. It is the station to w hi c h w ill radiate 1 lines of the Pacific Oc ean ; it i s th e s t a ti on in Wb ic io will centre all American travel westward ; it h „, O the station for which Europ eans w ill a im 1" .. t, journeying to any of the P ac ifi c i s l an d s , to Da s ., ern China, and the islands of th e Chinese Se7 s to Australia, and to New Ze a l an d. H er e, that , an advantage that cannot be e xaggera t e d, andell ter finest not fully estimated. Al rea d y a line ol` er finest steamers afloat ply t o H ong k ong , an d anon bo to the Sandwich Islands. Presently a third '4 l ' o , directed to Sidney, and even now the harbour nf s , tains numerous fleets belonging to this port L 0 gagel in the coasting tr a ffic, w hi c h ex tends l''',,,b Sitka down to the coast of S o uth A mer i ca . Enup has been said fully to s upp or t th e assertion t 00 California is pre-eminently the land for men of me re and enterprise. The settler will not only find tu b $ a golden country, but a pleasant society, which recent English traveller has declared to assun'e In eh o the fat, good-natured rosy English type, than l 'i pc . of the soemn, thin, cadaverous, but more jute' . tual, Eastern American. COURSING FIXTURES. MARCH. Sc Ashdown Park, He r t s - 0 Fourth S. Lanca s hi re (Ch amp i on) l B B, , ' V,, County Louth (Champio n ), Ireland ,,, sc. Scottish National Open, Lanark: .......................•3't' OCTOBER. 6. Ancast , 2 by er 21, •and Willoughby, Lincoln s hi re .................. sc. Ortnes 0, Huntingdon Club.. Sundorne, Salop Cothan and Eston., 1, 3. ................... „ N 0 VEMBER. WATERLOO M. • (Over Patron - Right Hon The Waterloo Cup, value £l, of £25 each ; 64 subs; the the second £2OO. 1. Mr C. F. Allison 33. Mr J. Ingleby 2. Mr J. F. Armistead 34. Mr R. Jardine 3. Mr J. Bake 35. Mr F. Johnston 4. Mr W. J. Barden 5. Mr F. Bartholomew g . . MrMr J 6. Lord Bin n i ng 38 . M r W. J . Leg H. Johnston h Jones 7. Mr J. Blackstock 39. Mr S. C. Lister 8. Mr J. S. Bland 40. Mr J. Lonsdale 9. Mr G. Blanshard 41. Lord Lurgan 10. Mr W. G. Borron 42. Ur S. Mallabel 4 . 11. Mr T. Broeklebank 43. M r C . E. Marilee; 12. Mr J. Brundrit 44. Mr W. H. Alas seJ 13. Mr R. B. Carruthers 45. Sir C. Molyneoeo 14. Mr C. J. Chesshyre 46. tlon. C. C. 31 0 1 913 15. Mr W. H. Clark 47. Mr T. Neville 16. Mr E. Croft 48. Mr R. Paterson 17. Mr J. Cunningham 49. Mr T. L. Reed 18. Mr W. D. Deighton 50. Dr Richardson 19. Mr James Dunlop st. Mr J. Savage 20. Mr J. Evans 52. Mr N. Saxton 21. Lord Girlies 53. Lord Sefton 22. Mr J. Gibson 54. Mr T. Smith 23. Mr W. M. Gilmour 55. Mr J. Spinlis 24. Col. Goodlake 56. Lord Stair r 25. Mr A. Graham 57 . M r E . W . Stocbe 26. Mr T. Green 27. Mr C. A. Hailey 28. Capt. Hathorn 5 5 9 8 .. M M r r G B l A S 7T in h b el rll3:°° 60. R. de r 29. Mr R Todd 9,- , l u r .• 29. Mr J. Haywood 61. M r B. W. r 30. Mr J. Hodson 62. M r R . C. V-Yee:lng 31. Mr J. Hole 63. Mr R. H. Willits 32. Mr J. Hyslop €4. Capt. Wyndha m The Waterloo Plate f or th e 16 d ogs b eaten i n the ' a 0. 0 ; ' ties for the Cup, a moun ti ng t o £lOO , to b o A L.-• v I do under: - ~ ~, FETING-FE8.17. Altcar.) I. the Earl of Sefton. , ,04 ,600 in speci e , by subse r 'F'd winner to receive .£3OO, 5 1. Winner to receive 1. Second ditto 2. Dogs to receive £7los each 4. Ditto ditto 5 ditto ... ••• .. - 1 1 ) ••• 1.5... 2 0 I°' t 8 .4 The Waterloo P u rse, f or th e 32 d ogs b ea t en in tilt to course for the Waterloo C u p, a moun ti ng to X . 260 divided as under:—. 1. Winner to receive ... 1. Second ditto . 2. Dogs to recei ve £l5 each... 4. Ditto ditto 10 d tto... 8. Ditto ditto 5 ditto... ~ . £ l ° s °0 ••• 4 0 ••• 40 £2 o ' ci v The Great Waterloo Cup, G 4 subscribers, at £ 23 e 3 the monoy £l,6oo—to be divided as under :-- 50 0 1. Winner to rece i ve ... ••• X O OO 1. Second ditto ••• 1 00 2. Dogs to receive £5O each... "' 111 0 4. Ditto ditto 30 ditto... ... • ' 16 0 8. Ditto 20 ditto... ... ••• 1 60 16. Ditto ilO ditto... ••• '" 32 36° 1, 24 ' The Waterloo Purse and W a t er l o o Plate £1. 6 the The Waterlog Pl a t e , va l ue £lOO i n spec i e, taken t ; e 9 fat Cup Stakes, for the 16 b ea t en d ogs i n the firs t 0, 0 the Waterloo Cup. The Waterloo P u r se , va l ue £260 , i n spec i e, taken fund for Cup Stake, for the 32 beaten dogs in the first 11 the Cup; the winner to receive .£lOO. 1) 18 [ADVERTISEMENT.]—Henceforth no oue will doubt the Ar s i b oo n•operties of Du Barry's health-restoring RevalenToiessreel: invalids'• and Infants' Food, since to the thousands el bad„pe r it has already received from Invalids whose position t be J o u deemed hopeless, we may now add that of his Holiness yes do whose health has been perfectly restored by it after tn,7 6t e'o, unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote from the of the Midi," July 25th •.—" Rome, July 21,1866. - The healtb:ther fe 4 tl` Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all, Iv o" ; dies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barn' Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful It has produced a sur p r i s i ng l y beneficial effect on 11,15,u11.,16,°‘ his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too 53,, pin .0, extract a few out ofmore than 68,000 cures:—Cure No. the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver „O,IPI'O 14 wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous rauart de all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, &W i r d St° e e,,, tolerable nervous agitation. Cure No 1.771 : 14% aysP e p l o, Decies, Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of many ye , "; dis„Po id to r , No. 49,832: "Fifty years' indescribable agony fro m nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, fiatulento, sickness, and vomiting —Maria Joly " Cure NO' sea James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years k a piess' e spitting of blood, liver derangement, and pariial inot, o pig portant Caution—Beware of the many unsavoury a u ro ra 1) . sloppy imitations to which, without authority, name is most audaciously attached. A PO. 11'1 0 ° 0 In tins, at Is. 11d.; 1 lb. 2s. ed.; 2 lbs. 4s. 6d.; Au 03 1Csk got 0 225. ;v4 lbs, 40s, —Also Du BARRY'S REVALENTA ti t 1 0 ,:;6 LATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters; for 12 cuP' os o , tiff cups at 3s. 6d., for 48 cups at 65., for 288 cups et 3 .?" 0 ,1id 9 1 Oftia at 55s.—being about one penny per cup. The 3 0 . , os , are sent free of carriage in England on receiptat;_`stree' Order. -• BARRY DIT BARRY and No. 77, Beg e don; and all Grocers and Chemists. /MIR isr .l o Births. BURNEY—On the 10th inst., at Upper Tooting, th tl° Charles Burney, Esq., of a son. rPl4 ce, BANNERMAN—On the 9th inst., at 46, Grosv ano Lady Arabella Bannerman, of a daughter. ore . f• ONSLOW —On the 9th inst., at 22, IVilt - m - P l3ce ' Onslow, of a daughter. Marriages. JONES —BEAUMosT—On. the 9th inst., at S t ' sHanover -square, Henry Jones, Esq of Be l gro ed " ons, Grosvenor-gardens, to Sophia" Louisa, daughter of the late Geo. D. B. Beaumont, 1: r o ic ; WITCHELL—JACKSON--On the 9th inst., at Major Thos. Witchell, Military Train, to Se"" second daughter of Wm. Parry J ac k E ou, Esq" Deaths. Gr ooo at 46, ° ° r/p iCh BANNERMAN—On the 10th inst , .I° op the Lady Arabella Bannerman.. ° , 3 117 BASSET - On the 9th inst., at Tehidy ran; co rn 0 . F. Basset, Esq., aged 37. o r. I Busts—On the 9th inst., at 69, Torrington" I ' sq ie , v4a Bush, Esq. 49 0 4° CAINES On the Bth i ns t., Ch ar l e s Caines, Es n'+ idl er' street, aged 56. s ftP o ire, PALMER—On the 7th i ns t., at Brighton, 11,,e,flior° Esq. ' of Clifton Lod g e, near ftefford, ' aged 69 ; sfo „IVO 1. 0 r.ondon : Printed and Pabliehed by WILLIAI' N .° o t of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at - 2 as SUN odlobo ati Strand, in the Pr e ci nc t o f the Se voy, Che Micldleaez.--Thursday, February 11, 180. undc a.m. o . The Fir e R Th e it Bon ne Valu e reade r le ave i thirty 01 1 „, Tni P res . ICrea,s u DoN solicit e xPead at Wal o mict IIRI ()in ce l ail l-l e a . tik( ° LUZ' . IP I al for d ORI( V ery Old c Shi spar] ler3 San bottle TEI Root and an a Dan(