The Sun. — London, England, 1860-01-07 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVEN T -GA RD EN. Under the management of Miss L. Pyne and Mr.W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, VICTORINE. Messrs. Santicy, Haigh, H. Ccrri, G. Honey, Bartleman, &c. Misses Parepa, Thirlwall, Condactor, Alfred Mellon. To conclude with the new grand pantomime, called PUSS IN BOOTS; or, Harlequin and the Fairy of the Golden Palms. Doors open at half-past 6—Commence at 7 o'clock. THEATRE -LOYAL, HAYMARKET. L.ssee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, the comedy of THE EVIL GENIUS' Miss Reynolds. After which, the new Haymarket Comic Christmas Panto mime, VALENTINE'S DAY; or, Harlequin and the Fairy of the True Lovers' Knot. The pantomimists the unrivalled Leclercqs. THEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM.- Sole Lessee and Directress—Madame Celeste. Unprecedented Success.-- j ite-engagement of the Spanish Dancers. Madame CELESTE has the honour to announce that, de sirous of meeting the views of her patrons, she has succeeded in renewing the engagement with the elegant and graceful Dona Isabel Cubas, together with Don Juan Ximenes, who have been received enthusiastically by crowded audiences. THEATRE -ROYAL LYCEUM.- Sole Lessee and Directress, Madame Celeste. Re-engagement of the Spanish Dancers. THIS EVENING, the popular Drama of THE SISTER'S SACRIFICE. Genevieve (her original charuter) Madame Celeste. After which, will be produced a new Grand Christmas Ex travaganza and Pantomime, KING THRUSH BEARD, the LITTLE PET and the GREAT PASSION. Clown, Mr. IL Marshall—Columbine, Miss Rosino. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. Re-engagement of the Wonderful Danc; , r, Mons. Espinosa. First appearance of Mdlle. Marietta Rosetta, Principal Dan seuse of La Scala, Milan ; and first time of the Delapierre Family. These highly-talented Children will appear every night. The Royal Princess's Rifles on parade every evening. THIS EVENING, THE CRICKET ON THE HEARTiI, After which, a new Christmas burlesque pantomime, by H. J. Byron, called JACK THE GIANT KILLER ; or, ITarle quin King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Jack, Miss Louise Keeley—Harlequin, Mr. Cormack - Panta loon, Mr. Paulo—Columbine, Miss Caroline Adams—Clown Mr. A. F. Forrest. , NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, AD ELPHI . Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Holiday Attractions.— The Christmas Carol and the New Spectacular Extravaganza, by 11. J. Byron, Esq, the Nymph of the Lurlyberg ; or the Knight and th e N a i a d es. THIS EVENING, THE CHRISTMAS CAROL. Messrs J. L. Toole, C. Selby, Paul Bedford, Stuart, Billington, C. J. Smith. Romer; Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, Mrs. Chatte rley, Miss Laidlaw. After which THE NYMPHS OF THE LURLEYBERO ; or, The Knight and the Naiades. Messrs. Toole, Bedford, Eburne, Smith, Powell, Romer, Miss Woolgar, C. Webb, K. Keily, Laidlaw. Doors open at half-past six—Commence at seven. Box- Office open from 10 to 5. No charge for securing seats, nor fer bills of performance. All fees to servants of this establishment are strictly prohibited. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. R OY AL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and West minster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passen gers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with GARIBALDI'S ENGLISHMAN. Messrs. Barrett and C. Young. Followed by MAGIC TOYS, supported by Miss Lydia Thompsen, Clara St. Cassc, Acc. Followed by a new sketch, A HOUSEHOLD FAIRY. Miss Wyndham and Mr. H. T. Craven. To conclude with the new pantomime of PUNCH AND JUDY. Introducing' Miss Lydia Thompson and the Corps de Ballet. Clown, Harlequin, Columbine, and Pantaloon, and the wonderful Performing Dogs. Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6d ; Pit, ls. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six; perform ante commences at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Westminster-road. Sole Lessee—Mr. William Cooke, his Farewell Season. THIS EVENING, the grand entertainments will com mence at 7 o'clock with new and extraordinary features in Horsemanship by the best Riders in Europe. After which, the successful sporting Pantomime, abounding in comicality, ealled HARLEQUIN TOM MOODY; or, Old Towler the Huntsman and the Goddess Diana, with songs by Miss Esther Jacobs.—Gorgeous and Dazzling mochanical transfor mation scene. harlequin, M. Richarde ; Pantaloon, Mr. P. Abbot, Columbine, Maddle. Mazzoni; Clown, Mr. Hilde brand ; a family of Sprites by the Elastic Incomprehensibles. Morning performances of the Pantomime, and Scenes in the Circle every Saturday during the Holidays at Two o'clock. - - ---• Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING. Sterndale Bennett's MAY QUEEN. Aud a Grand Selection from Meyerbeer's new opera of DINORAII. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George - Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), W. Critclafield, and E. W. .11eckney. Several interesting, Pictures are added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified. and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant sights of the metropolis. ROSA BONHEUR'S celebrated PICTURE of the HORSE FA llt is now added to the already magnificent Collection of Paintings in the Canterbury Hall Fine Arts Gallery. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATTIER.—Sus OFFICE, JAN. 7, 1860. THEEMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 45—highest since noon yesterday. 3.s—lowest this morning and during the night. 42—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.15; another rise of nearly three-quay ters of an inch. WIND, IV.N.W.; light, with fine frosty weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 12h. 20m.—Afternoon, 12h. 47m. To - moßnow.-Morning, lh. 13m.—Afternoon, lh. 40m. s _ 4 4,4- r •• 3 " 411. t' • THE SUN. LONDON, SATURDAY, JAN. 7, 1860. Yesterday was a grand field-day for the quasi ultra-Reformers down at Birmingham. It was with an eye, of course, to the speedy commencement of the Parliamentary session of 1860 that Mr. BRIGHT and Mr. SCIIOLEFIELD addressed them selves thus early in January to their constituents. Their harangues, given elsewhere at full length in our impression of this evening, may be looked upon in the light of an anticipative demonstration. It is a demonstration too, which—considering the cha- ratter of the constituency addressed, and consider- iug especially the character of that constituency's two notab:e representatives will hardly fail to be looked to with about equal interest by the country at large (including both electors and non-electors) and by the leading members of the present Coalition Government. For the indicittion thus afforded of the probable result of the approaching discussions upon the Ministeria: Reform Bill now in preparation—or rather, we believe, it may be said more correctly, in actual readiness for submission to the two Houses of the Imperial Legislature—is an indication more im- portant in its way, more valuable, and more significant than the proverbial flinging up of a straw or two to show which way the wind blows Here, in these colleagues in the representa tion of Birmingham, are two men peculiarly re garded th roughout the constituencies as each i n his own nay a conspicuous typo of that exceptional class in the House of Commons, known as thorough Independents. These are members, who were there cross-benches in the H ouse, would occupy those cross-benches by right of their intermediate po sition between the two extremes of Whig Liberalism and Tory Conservatism. As it is--they sit generally just; immediately below the gangway. They carry their symbol in no parti cillar colours, or if in an: r colo urs at 11 a , in what might typically be take n as neutral tints ! Yet these neutral tints it must be co:afessed, upon closer scrutiny, prove to be as V 3.1 iotrs as the most brilliant pigments on the political pal ette—carmine and gam boge,cobalt and vermillion. The " Independents," in fact, though so restri etc' 1 in numbers, are as vari ous in their opinions as the larger sections .Qt: the two great rioN -al parties in Parliament. They are "particular to v. shade" amongst them- Aelves. But as cow pie :lions representatives of of this small but imp orte nt class amongst the great aggregate of the po nspresentatives, we may accept the two month especial importance er s for Birmingham as men of own peculi ar way , both, as `cc have said, in their into their v . We may with r eason examine iews I as articulated * yesterday in their harangues to their joint constituents, as in an emi nent degree worthy of consideration. Mr. SCHOLE FIELD may be regarded as the representative of the more moderate and mediocre of the old steady going, jog-trot school of "Political Independents.' , He is a man of moderate abilities, but of the utmost respectability. He is the worthy son of a worthy sire, honoured by his fellow-townsmen, in the midst of whom his blameless life has been for the most part passed, and justifying from first to last the confidence reposed in him by that eonsiderable majority of the possessors of the franchise down at Birmingham, who vote for him at every election as ' a matter of course—as though he were a man possessing some sort of imperceptible and here ditary right to a moiety in their repre sentation. Mr. BRIGHT, on the other hand, while in his private capacity as a Citizen of the Empire quite as blameless as his milder colleague, and invested (as a citizen) with quite as unsullied a respectability—occupies a position neither of mo deration nor of mediocrity among the chiefs of the little band of Political Independents. He is there, amongst that little phalanx, in a nominally inter mediate position—straddling colossus-like above his fellows at the centre of the plank, midway between the aforesaid extremes of %Vhig Liberalism and Tory Conservatism ! But lurching at intervals so heavily and glaringly from the perpendicular that he seems apparently bent upon raising or depressing the beam of power according to his fitful whim and pleasure ! As he would doubtless—had he a veritable weight in the coun cils of the nation proportioned to:his individual esti mate of his own importance ! Mr. BRIGHT is happily,in that estimate, however, labouring under one of the most astounding delusions that ever pos sessed the imagination of a public man. Hence, his extraordinary intolerance of late of any dis sent from his own oracular opinions. Hence his arrogance of tone and language in dealing with the great questions of the day, as though he were Member, not for Birmingham, but for the whole of the United King dom. Hence his astonishing ingratitude to the very power which has afforded him the means of puffing himself into notoriety. His hand, like that of ISHMAEL, has, by reason of this overweening estimate of his political importance, been latterly against everybody—and this with such an air of wilful and wanton provocation that everybody's hand almost has been against him in return. Such being the wide difference between these con trasting colleagues in the representation of Bir mingham, it is interesting so far to examine the latest revelation of their views and intentions in the matter of Reform, as circulated now far and wide by the Press, after having been articulated yesterday to a eonsiderable gathering of their con stituents. And referring our readers to the length ened report of their twin speeches given elsewhere as nearly as possible (at any rate in Mr. BRIGHT's instance) verbatim by ourselves, we may indicate the views and intentions of these two variously "shining lights" among the chiefs of the Poli tical Independents ! This simple old-fashioned " mutton truncheon" (according to Mr. DICKENS'S wonderfully funny designation the other day of our almost forgotten friend, the " dip" of a past age) and its alarming companion down at Birmingham, that loudly crackling and sputtering flambeau which seems every now and then bent upon setting either the Thames on fire or the whole country in a flame (as yet, how ever, doing neither !)—We may indicate, we repeat, the views and intentions of these variously shining lights among the chiefs of the Political Indepen dents, in regard to the on-coming Question of Reform—by one comprehensible, comprehensive, and significant word—to wit, Compromise ! It is impossible not to realise through the sounding phrases of Mr. BRIGHT and the assumed staunchness of his colleague, Mr. SCHOLEFIELD, a predetermi nation—now upon the eve of the Parliamentary Session of 1860—to put up with whatever this be loved Coalition may vouchsafe to yield in the shape of—Reform in Moderation ! The axiom seems to be with both now—let us take the goods the Whigs and their motley colleagues will give us— let us not look the gift horse too closely in the mouth—let us content ourselves with whatever Reform the Coalition may Consent to place upon the table of the House, even though it be a bill in which the Whigs and their col leagues will no more consent to give us the Ballot—than their Derbyite predecessors ! Now, upon this point, what says the staunch and immaculate Mr. SCHOLEFIELD ? Why, he says quite distinctly—" I have always voted for the Ballot, and shall always wish to see that a part of the means by which members are to be returned to Parliament. But if the resolution means that the Ballot is to be made a sine qua non in any Bill, that we are to reject any measure which does not include the Ballot, I must reluctantly demur to the conclusion of the resolution. I should be glad to accept an honest Reform Bill even with out the Ballot, not because I undervalue its impor tance, but I wish you to bear in mind the circum stance that a great portion of the Government are against the Ballot, and that you have not a pledge that the ballot shall form any part of the Govern• merit measure. I do not wish to see our public men dragged through the mire so as to pledge themselves to support opinions which they do not entertain. I do not wish to see the leading members of the Government who object to the Ballot coming forward and saying that the argments of the public have convinced them that the ballot ought to be adopted. I would much ra ther see the public make their representatives pledge themselves, when the time comes, not to vote for any Ministry which will not carry the ballot." The words we have italicised are surely plain enough. And now what says Mr. BRIGHT upon this same vital question of the Ballot ? Why all that he can find courage to say on the matter in hi s long rigmarole and rhodomontade about Re form yesterday, is just simply this, " I have seen," he says, " two of the most eminent members of the Cabinet come round within the last two years, and who have unsaid everything they had previously said respecting Church-rates ; and lam sure if they should turn on the question of the Ballot we should not reject their aid assistance." Whereupon the audience gives way to a burst of cheers and Iyhter ! Of course " laughter" for the com ment is quite in the spirit of Mr. HENRY BER KELEY, the Buffoon-Champion of this most essen tial of all reforms in our system of popular repre sentation. According to whose views upon the matter aeemingly the Ballot is only to be talked of on the broad grin ! Happily there are a few other and more staunch Independents in the House of Commons beyond either Mr. BRIGHT or Mr. SCIIOLE FIELD. To them we look—to men like Mr. ROE BUCK, Mr. WTYLD, and Mr. LINDSAY—for a course more worthy of the name of Political Indepen dence. That course ought to bring them directly to this one distinct determination -to insist upon the Whigs and their friends giving the country the Ballot, in compensation, at the very least, for the loss of that certainty of carrying the Derbyite Reform Bill last year through the THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 7, IMO. House of Lords—the loss of that happy certainty accruing to the country from the specious and shame less and unprincipled' " dodge" which resulted in the formation of this motley Coalition Government. The " little war " between Ceuta and Tetuan, the melancholy little war now commenced over there between the troops of Spain and Morocco, is obviously going to make up for its smallness by the length of its duration. It has no rapid surprises like Magenta or Palestro, like Montebello or Solferino —it neither opens with the roll and rush of an earthquake, nor gives promise of closing its swift course like the recent " great war" in Lombardy with the sudden crash as of a thunderbolt. It begins slowly and drearily with a few dawdling skir mishes in the neighbourhood of Ceuta. It goes maundering on from day to day, and from week to week, in the same identical vicinage. Altogether, there is a good deal of slaughter— there are a great many prisoners on one side or the other—but nothing comes of it. There is no ad vance—but still at least the reiterated threatening of an advance—towards Tetuan. The Spaniards begin making a road thither—having a brush every now and then with their foes—counting up their wounds, and scoring off their prisoners ; and then exulting over a succession of triumphs that have, nevertheless, left them there, mysteriously, somehow or other, in the same spot. Yet, triumphs all the while, according to the victors only second in im portance to those decisive victories, about which Professor CREASY has written a classic tome for the delight of military students. Happily, however, this " little war," in North Africa, ap pears, in some respects, to be carried on in the politest way imaginable between the belli gerents. There is, at least, that consolation, or mitigation. Accordingly we read to-day, in the last despatches received from the Camp in front of Ceuta—" Considerable progress was yesterday made with the road towards Tetuan, and it is said that two days' more work will com plete it as far as is intended. It is rather remarkable that when our troops retire within their lines, leaving the new road in the power of the Moors, the latter do it no damage. One might have supposed, they would destroy at night the day's work of their enemies, which they, on the contrary, seem scrupulously to respect. This is to be accounted for only by one of two supposi tions. Either they reckon that when the Spaniards depart these roads will remain for their use and ad vantage, or else they desire to facilitate their foe's advance to ground favourable to an engage ment on a more extensive scale than any that has yet taken place." So far there are discernible, even through the calamities of a "little war," like the one thus dragging its slow length along upon the borders of Morocco, auguries of some ulterior advantages resulting by way of compensation. TITRE COMMUTATION.-SEPTENNIAL AT - ERAGES. LATEST NE WB. - - ♦ The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Rcuter's office : THE FRENCH ARMY IN ITALY. PARIS, JAN. G. Marshal M'Mahon will, it is asserted, replace Marshal Valliant as Commander of the French army in Italy. THE FRENCH FUNDS. PARIS, JAN. 6, 12.10 P.m. Rentes were first done at 68.15, bat have since become more buoyant, and are now quoted 68.25. 3.25 P.M. Funds close firm at improved prices. Rentes 68.45, or 15 centimes higher than yesterday. Court the other day he did not see the Empress, who was unable to receive him, as she was suffering from headache. There is a strong feeling in Moldavia and Wal lachia against Prince Couza, and it is thought pro bable that attempts will be made to get rid of him. When he dissolved the two Divans the troops were kept under arms in the barracks, and the guns loaded. By the intervention of the Consuls a reconcilia tion has been brought about between the Servian Government and the Pasha of Belgrade. SPAIN AND MOROCCO. (From the Correspondent of the Times.) CAMP IN FRONT OF CEUTA, DEC. 23. Another skirmish yesterday afternoon, as General Prim returned from his road-making expedition. There was no great novelty in its features ; a good deal of firing, 30 or 40 men hors de combat on our side, the artillery reported to have done much damage to the enemy. Two wounded cazadores were decapitated by the Moors ; their comrades, hurry ing to bear them off, found only the headless bodies. The enemy showed cavalry, and a small body of it charged some infantry guerillas. A body of Spanish cavalry offered battle to a much larger force of Moorish horsemen, who declined it, and retired on the advance of a squadron or two. Considerable progress was yesterday made with the road towards Tetuan, and it is said that two days' more work will complete it as far as is intended. It is rather remarkable that when our t roo p s r eti r e within their lines, leaving the new road in the power of the Moors, the latter do it no damage. One might have supposed they would destroy at night the day's work of their enemies, which they, on the contrary, seem scrupulouSly to respect. This is to be accounted for only by one of two supposi tions. Either they reckon that when the Spaniards depart these roads will remain for their use and advantage, or else they desire to facilitate their foe's advance to ground favourable to an engage ment on a more extensive scale than any that has yet taken place. As a change from camp scones and monotonous skirmishes, will you step down with me to Ceuta. The passage of horses, mules, and men has worn a broad track from the camp into town, and the stream of life flowing in and out leaves no doubt as to the right way. You pass out of Head quarters camp, where stand groups of staff officers smoking their after-breakfast cigar, watching a little firing that has begun to the front, and wait ing for the horses that are to carry them to the scene of action. You skirt the camp of General Prim, where a band is, of course, playing (Prim's is the musical division of this army), and a level ground on the left, where infantry are exercising, the skirmishers learning to close into groups on the approach of cavalry. The captains now use pitos (whistles), on which they sound, the trumpet calls (the Spanish infantry use trumpets, not bugles). These whistle-calls are heard and understood by the men, but are inaudible to the Moors, who had begun to understand the signals blown on trumpets. Down the rather steep descent to the gates of Ceuta you meet muleteers and soldiers, going in and out with their beasts, fetching and carrying rations and all kinds of stores. There are some sick men going in on stretclaers. Officers of all grades are riding and walking to or from the town ; here passes a busy commissary, yonder a weary doctor, coming from a heavy morning's work in the hospital ; here is a Cabinet courier, with gold-laced coat and cap, breeches and high boots ; there are a couple of interpreters,—ono a mere lad of 16, who speaks as many languages as he is years old. You pass the wells, where presi darios (galley slaves) and others are hard at work drawing water for camp and stable use, and reach the outer gate of the town. If, immediately you have gone through it, you turn sharply to your left, you come to a nook within the fortifications where stands a newly-pitched tent, within which three or four officials, with flashes of lightning em broidered on the collars of their blue coats, are working the oracle—in other words, correspond ing with Spain by means of the newly-laid cable to Tarifa. They tell you tfat they lost a great deal of their apparatus in the unfortunate catas trophe of the Genova at Malaga ; but they have got a neat little machine, in extremely small com pass, bearing the name of " Henley, patentee," by means of which they are maintaining an animated conversation with Tarifa, which place, by the by, I lately erroneously stated to be only 10 miles hence, whereas it is five leagues, and something like 20 miles of cable were laid down the other day —part of which, however, is accounted for by the great depth of water and violence of the currents in the Straits. To get into the town of Ceuta you have to pass through many windings in the for tifications, through various narrow places, and some which in wet weather are pools of mud, and through sundry small arched gateways, con stantly choked by the passage of loaded mules, parties of soldiers and galley-slaves carrying heavy burdens on boards or stretchers, by cavalry and artillery. It is a slow and troublesome passage, whether on foot or on horseback, and you are not sorry to emerge from the laby rinth upon Africa-square—a large open place with houses and barracks around it, whence through a narrow street or two, and round within the ram- part or sea wall of the town, you reach the bridge over the creek. Here there is generally a throng and much traffic, but, once pass that, all is plain sailing. You find yourself at the foot of a broad ascending street, leading into the heart of the town. To your left is the Marina, a road along the shore of the bay, leading to the outer or eastern extremity of the little peninsula on which Ceuta stands. . I do not know that there is much noteworthy in a ramble through Ceuta. The convicts' workshop, where they follow their different trades, has nothing ' very striking about it. They have plenty of occu ' potion now ; nearly every class of artisan finds abundant customers in the army. Above all, the carpenters have lots to do, were it only in supply , ing the demand for t a bl es an d camp stoo l s, greatly i needed n the tents, and of w hi c h f ew were b roug h t from Spain, probably because it was not expected we should be so long stationary. The very com plete, although som ew h a t i rregu l ar pavement of Ceuta's streets is due to convict labour, and the labourers have displ a y e d a cer t a i n d egree o f taste in the . rude mosai cs th ey h ave f orme d out o f stones of different colours, which they have so arranged as to represent t rees , e l ep h ants an d var i ous ot h er devices. From the beginning to the end of some of the streets th ere mean d ers a seem i ng l y inter minable branch w ith f o li age sprout i ng f rom it on either side. These convicts, as I have already observed, fight ex t reme l y we ll w h en arms are given to them. Among them are a great many old soldiers ; and, moreover, they have a strong stimulus to do their duty in the field. —for, if they failed in it, they would return to a chain and hard labour, while, as a reward for good service, they may expect liberty, or at least a com mutation of punishment. In yesterday's skirmish, a party of these con finados armados, as they are called, were disposed as skirmishers, when a small body of Moorish horse (sonic 50 or 60) charged down upon them. With the coolness and decision of vete rans, they drew together, and received the cavalry with steady fire and bayonets. Several of the Moors fell ; the rest were disconcerted, and retired. I understand that the experiment of arming these convicts has been found to answer so we ll th a t it i s intended to carry it out on a much larger scale. The large reinforcements expected frem Spain ought now to be at Algesiras, and very shortly here. The weather is fine, the sea calm, and everything favours their transport. 3,000 Basques should be here before the end of the month. The volunteers for African service, from the reg i men ts which re main in Spain, are very n umerous . They are said to amount to 5,000 men. S o th a t th e Spanish army will soon be able to mar c h awa y from here in at least its present stren g th, or e ven more, and still leave behind it a force sufficient not only to keep the lines, which daily grow stronger, but perhaps to co-operate usefully by a sortie, should the expe ditionary army come to an engagement with the Moors between this and Cape Negro. Mean while, the delay we experience is not alto gether unprofitable. The soldiers get used to fighting in the frequent skirmishes, and gain confidence by 'seeing that, although obstinate at . long shots, and daring in following up retiring troops, the Moors will not stand a steady onset, and, above all, dislike the bayonet and artillery. I hear, by the bye, that it has been stated in foreign papers that the Moors readily attack with cold steel, with their yoomias—keen-edged swords, or long poniards. This is erroneous. The Moor's favourite weapon is the espingarda, or long gun, numbers of which have been captured in the diffe rent combats. When driven to bay, and unable to load, they use it as a club, and it is only when it is broken or struck from their hands that they have recourse to their side arms. A characteristic and amusing trait of the Moorish prisoner made the other day, was related to me by one present. When he was brought in, an officer handed a dollar as a reward to one of the soldiers who had taken him. Wounded though he was, and terrified though he might be supposed to be the prisoner no sooner saw the glitter of the coin than he made a clutch at it. It was the ruling passion developed under the most unfavourable circum stances—the robber instinct triumphing over every other feeling. The poor wretch seems a sort of savage, without two ideas, and passes his time in, invoking blessings on the heads of the Spaniards, for not having killed him, and in devouring with wolfish appetite all the bread, coffee, and other food he can obtain. He is so pleased with his fare and treatment that he is anxious to send for his sons and the rest of his kindred to join him in his repasts, at the expense of the merciful unbelievers. I lately went over the Serallo, the large, old build ing, which stands at about the centre of our camp and position. It was formerly a palace, and is sup posed to have been built for the use of a Moorish sovereign during it former siege of Ceuta. It his a spacious patio , or inner native cou r t, w i t h a well i n the middle, and doubtless in its day it was a stately pile, but it is in an extremely ruinous condition, and it needs close inspection to detect even faint traces of former magnificence. The wind has changed, and has gone round to the north-west--blasts from the mountains, instead of gales from the sea. Last week was extremely mild, now it is getting cold again. Thus we go on,through continual changes. The working party did not go out to-day, and the Moors have been quiet. We are making our preparations to spend as merry a Christmas as may be possible under the not very favourable circumstances. I lately was induced to belibve that we might possibly march just about Christmas-day, but I see little chance of it now, and should not be greatly surprised if the new year still found us here, since it would need but two or three days of decidedly bad weather to delay the movement. The most prevalent impression, how ever, seems to be that the end of the month will find us on our way to Tetuan. DEC. 24, 10 a.m. Yesterday was a perfectly uneventful day, and there is no news of any kind. Weather, calm, gloomy, and damp. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SI rt,—As many of your readers may feel anxious to know the result of the corn averages for the seven years to Christ mas, 1859, published by authority in the London Gazetts of this evening—viz. : Per Imp. Bushel. s. d. Wheat .. .. 7 4± Barley .. 4 61 Oats .. 3 11 •• •• •• I beg to state for their information that each £lOO of tithe rent charge will for the year 1860 amount to £llO 17s. 8 id., which is nearly 2 por cent. above the last year's value, which was itself the highest of the 23 preceding years. The value for 1855 was only ag 15s. 81c1., or 21 per cont, below the value for the current year. The following statement from my Annual Tithe Commu tation Tables will show the worth of £lOO of tithe rent charge for each year since the passing of the Tithe Com mutation Act —viz. £ s. d. For the year 1837 .. .. 98 13 9/ 1838 .. .. 97 7 11 1839 .. .. 95 7 9 1840 .. .. 98 15 91 1811 .. .. 102 12 5/ 1842 .. .. 105 8 2} 1843 .. .. 105 12 2/ 1844 104 3 5 4 1 1845 ... :: 103 17 11} 1846 .. .. 102 17 8 1847 .. .. 99 18 1 0 / 1848 .. .. 102 1 0 1849 .. .. 100 3 7/ 1850 .. • .. 98 16 10 1851 .. .. 96 11 4/ 1852 .. .. 93 16 11/ 1853 .. .. 91 13 51, - 1854 . . .. 90 19 5 - 1855 .. .. 89 13 84 - 1856 .. .. 93 18 li - 1857 .. .. 99 15 7; - 1858 .. .. 105 16 al - 1859 .. .. 108 19 51 - 1860 .. .. 110 17 81 24)2,397 19 9 General average for 24 years .. 99 18 31 I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, CHARLES M. WILLICH, Actuary University Life Assurance Society. 25, Suffolk street, Pall-mall East, S.W., Jan. 6. NEW APPROACH TO TIIE TEMPLE CIIURCII.—In a short time a new approach will be made to the Temple Church from Fleet-street, opposite Chancery-lane. A part of Inner Temple-lane is to be demolished, as also Church Yard-court, and other improvements are to be commenced forthwith in that neighbourhood. LORD MACAULAY'S FUNERAL.—The space in the Abbey being very limited, it has been found impossible to send tickets to more than a small proportion of the appli cants for them. It is hoped that those who do not receive tickets by Saturday morning will accpt this notice that it has been impossible to comply with their request. It is important to English tradesmen to be made aware that the number of persons who avail themselves of the Scotch sequestration courts to evade their creditors in this country appears to be on the increase. Any amend ment of the bankruptcy laws here will, in the worst class of cases, be without avail so long as the Legislature permit these facilities to continuo. BAIIIA RAILWAY COMPANY.—A plan is under consideration by the Bahia Railway Company to allow a large portion of the amount paid up on the shares to be con verted into a proportionate amount of shares paid in full. The original instalment on the £2O shares was £3, and there have been two subsequent calls of £2 each, making the total £7. The proposition is, that under these circum stances any holder of a certain number of shares should have the privilege of taking paid-up shares to the full ex tent of such sum as he may have paid beyond the first in stalment. Thus, a holder of 100 shares, who has paid £7OO, might have 20 shares paid in full—which would re present £4oo—and £3OO would then stand as an instalment on the remaining 80 shares. The object is to meet the wishes of investors who object to securities involving future calls. Should the system be adopted by the Bahia Com pany, the other lines similarly situated may bo expected also to entertain it. GALLANT AND HUMANE CONDUCT REWARDED.— During a gale in the Atlantic on the 24th of Nov., 1859, Captain Flynn, of the Minnesota, fell in with the James M'Henry, bound from Liverpool to Quebec, waterlogged and in great di s t ress. A t cons id era bl e r i s k Captain Flynn lowered his lifeboat, and took off from the James APllenry 40 of the crew and two passengers. For this gallant con duct the Board of Trade yesterday (Friday) presented Capt. Flynn with a silver telescope, bearing a suitable inscription. The presentation was made at the offices of the Liverpool Local Marine Board by Mr. Inman, one of the members of that body. LOCH KATRINE WATERWORKS.—We (North British _Daily Mail) are sorry to learn that there has been a "blow" in the pipes along the Garscube-road, which will have the effect of retard ingla a slight degree the final advent of the water from Loch Katrine to the city. On Tuesday there was a pressure of 851135. on the square inch along t. George' s-ro ad. MURDER AT PORTSEA.—A savage and brutal t took hat s place ot e onboiler-makersWednesday evenin g ,belonging at Portsea. It to the Ports mouth Militia, d t a h er: Dockyard met with some of the 'Tipperary 8 „t q n ultrel soon na n o u pu r e • a m fe a a k r e fu rs l at a house of bad repute at 'White's-row. commenced; from words they came to blow struggle ensued, which resulted in one of the being stabbed through the heart, and two ot t h i e .- dang,erously wounded. The perpetrators of the others are still at large, but they will no doubt be speedily captured,° and brought to justice, for this cruel outrage upon unarmed men. FATAL RESULT OF A POACHING EXPED \ ITION. On Monday last, four youths, all under eighteen years of :age, colliers, of Coalville, spent the greater part of the day in drinking at various public-houses in Ashby, after which they purchased a gun, and, having succeeded in obtaining some :ammunition, about dark they proceeded to the g a me preserves of Sir G. 11. Beaumont, at Cole erten. Here, about half-past six o'clock, the report of a gun startled one of Sir George's keepers, who, on going to the spot whence it proceeded, found one of the lads, named Harrison, lying dead in the road, his head being completely shattered to pieces. The account given by his companions was that a dispute had arisen between the deceased and one of them named Robinson, which resulted in a scufrie, during which the gun went off and killed Harrison. Super intendent Ward, who took charge of the body of the de ceased ofporhtlisonsks cfreoam thsed feouhnoadyp,hie of at a considerablebrains had been distance scat tered on a neighbouring fence. The youths are in custody. . rte =_ THE PAPAL STATES. A letter from Rome says " Money is coming in from Ireland, Bavaria, and the Catholic States of Germany, but the Papal Go vernment wants men. Recruiting is going on by the Nuncio. The recruits from Vienna and Munich arrive here via Ancona and Trieste: " Cardinal Wiseman has promised an Irish bri gade. "The pamphlet 'Le Pape et le Congres' was known at the Vatican the same day it appeared at Paris. M. Sacconi, the Papal Nuncio at Paris, had received the proof-sheets of it, which he forwarded by a special courier to Rome. The effect produced upon the Pope was immense. The same courier was sent back to Paris with u despatch instructing the Papal representative to ask for a formal and public denial from Count Walewski of any participation of the Governmeat in the pamphlet in question. " The reply given by the French Minister was evasive, and did not satisfy the Roman Govern ment. A Council of Cardinals was held on the 28th of December, in which the following decisions were adopted : " 1. Suspension of the departure of Cardinal Antonelli for Paris until the temporal rights of tho Church were re cognised as the basis of all discussion in the Congress. " 2. Immediate increase of the Papal army for the de fence of the States of the Church. " ' 3. Publication of a solemn declaration, condemning the pamphlet " Le Pape et le Congres." " This last decision was put into execution next day, by an official protest in the Giornale di .Ronza." LOMBARDY. A. letter from Milan, dated Jan. 3, says : " You may consider it almost as settled that Garibaldi returns again to activity. In a day or two the decree is expected which will make him Inspector-General of the National Guard in Lom bardy. The confidence which was placed in him by the King has not been deceived, and, in spite of the endeavours which were made to influence his de cision, he has not swerved. There were not want ing those who tried to frighten him with the idea that a return of Garibaldi to activity would be taken abroad as a want of confidence in the issue of the Congress, and as a threat ; and there were others who brought back the remembrance of the difficulties which existed, and were likely to revive again, between the War-office and Garibaldi. The good sense of the King saw the absurdity of the first objection, and the injustice of the second. Garibaldi is the representative, not of the revolution, but of the national idea ; to strengthen this and keep it alive is but the natural consequence of the posi tion which Victor Emmanuel has taken up. Gari baldi's retirement was generally felt as a check to the realisation of this idea ; and, indeed, how could it progress if the man who was the personification of this idea was put aside as an obstacle ? His re turn to activity will reassure the public mind, and will be a pledge for the future, especially as it happens almostat the same time as Cavour's return to affairs. The diffidence in those who are at the head of affairs is such that it was absolutely neces sary to do something to quiet apprehension. The National Guard in Lombardy is in organisation far behind that in the old provinces where it has ex isted for years. Every locality, great and small, did here wellnigh as it pleased hitherto, so that the greatest difference prevails in this respect in the towns and boroughs ; to make the most of this useful element is not a threat, but simply applying the Piedmontese laws in the new provinces, That no one can be more fit to deal with this popular insti tution than Garibaldi need scarcely be remarked. He will find arms for the National Guard, and de prive it of that spirit of clique which must exist while the National Guard is localised and without any point of reunion. Apropos of arming, I must tell you that the authorities of Central Italy have written to the committees which have been formed for the Gari baldi subscription asking to have the produce of that subscription. The committees have, of course, refused to give up their trust, which the subscribers intended for the disposition of Garibaldi. A great many stories are current about the say ings of Victor Emmanuel to the members of the Corps Nilonzatique on New Year's-day. Every one thinks fit to invent something, and then to draw in ferences. Thus, according to one of these stories the Neapolitan Minister, in bringing forward the cus tomary wishes, expressed a wish that all would be arranged peacefully ; on which the King is said to have answered " How arranged in peace ? Not at all. The cannon will arrange that." Again, to the Spanish Minister he is reported to have said, " Tell your Queen that she ought to unite with me, and not believe all those ' pastici' of the priests." There is a soldier-like frankness in the King, and an absence of all etiquette, so that even if these stories are not true, they might be so. Garibaldi is still the centre of ovations at Turin, and has to pass his time with receiving and answer ing deputations, and haranguing the people. It seems Turin does not wish to remain behind any other Italian town is this respect. The Municipal Congregation of Milan, which was remodelled and invested with full powers after the retreat of the Austrians, has given an account of its stewardship to the Municipal Council, which, in its meeting yesterday, approved entirely its ac tivity and endorsed its deeds. The reports made in this respect will be published. The Podesta and Count Giulini, one of the as sessors of the Municipal Congregation, have gone to Turin, and brought back the news of a change in the person of the Governor. Villamarina goes to Naples, and M. Gallina, a Senator, takes his post as Governor of Milan. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, JAN. 4. The Weiner Zeitung to-day makes known to the public that there are to be iio regiments of the line (instead of 62) in the Austrian army. Each regiment will in future consist of three battalions instead of four. The official organ also contains the names of the officers who are to command the battalions of the 18 new regiments. Not withstanding this enormous augmentation of the infantry, the public are told that the outlay of the War Department will be 30,000,000f1. less than it was in the year 1859. It is probable that the Finance Department has ren dered some assistance to the Stock-Exchange to-day, as there was a slight improvement. The Jr anderer to-day congratulates those Vienna organs of the press which have always professed to place confi dence in the professions of friendship made by the Emperor of the French to the Austrian Monarch. t E l n i p or r oN, of cs theel formerly a F s r i e t n i e s 1. N v a ot na u bust, y • o l Fuysn h c obse h s a a t The pap er i n quest i on remarks, that the Austr i an Government " cannot " h ave b een d upe d b y the b N y t aplote n :. n Na hayi a bnoverreached liltramontane organs i n G ermany, but now he is pronounced to b e a most dangerous enemy to the lo now obvious to bl the r , a skies e enough that Austria i - Roman Catholic Church. The Oesterre ichische Correspondenz has ceased to appear, and Go vernment is for the moment without a semi official organ. The .Donate Zeitung was to have made its appearance on the Ist instant, but for some unknown reason its publication was postponed. When M. de Moustier went to s~.4in _ AUSTRIAN OUTRAGES IN ITALY. The following letter has been addressed to the editor of the limes : Sir,—The outrages attributed to the Austrian authorities in Italy, both op Austrian subjects and those now unhappily committed to their care by the Pope and the Italian Princes, have been so frequently denied, that during a recent visit to that country I was anxious to obtain some positive evi dence on the subject. I have now zeceived from Milan three documents which so fully illustrate these barbarous acts of vengeance that I consider it a duty to make them as public as possible. In the year 1849, on the Emperor's birthday, a woman of bad character, living near the Duomo, at Milan, suspended from her window the Austrian colours. This demonstration on the part of an Italian created some irritation among the passers by. In a cafe near were some Austrian officers who, there is reason to suspect, instigated the woman to show the colours, and were watching the result. Altercation soon arose, and a crowd was collected. Suddenly a party of soldiers closed the street, and arrested those who were in it. Of the 42 thus seized 20 were condemned to be flogged, receiving from 50 to 30 blows each ; 14 to imprisonment for different periods, in irons, and the remainder were released. I have before me the original noti fication of the sentence. Like other documents of a similar kind that have been preserved, it is without signature, even an Austrian officer having been probably ashamed to affix his name to so infamous a document. It is simply dated "Milan, from the Military Government, August 23, 1849." Of those condemned to be flogged many are very young men, there being two boys of 17. The list concludes with the names of two women, wh o are thus described : 19. Galli Ernesta, from Cremona, aged 20 years, a singer, to 40 stripes ; " 20. Conti Maria, from Florence, aged 18 years, a singer, to 30 stripes" ; Two girls, of 18 and 20, flogged for being guilty, according to the sentence, " of the blackest ingra titude" (la piu nera ingratitudine), and of " scan dalous anti-political demonstrations" r seandalose dimostragioni antzpolitiche ), condemned by a mili tary tribunal without trial or proof, and solely to gratfy the vengeance of a party of Austrian officers ! But the second document to which I desire to call attention is, if possible, even more infamous. It is an attested copy, under the municipal seal, of the receipt given for the money which the munici pality was compelled to pay for the expenses in curred in this barbarous outrage. It is signed Setmutz (chief auditor), Wonesch (Provost), and Mauler (Major of the Archduke Albert Regiment). I translate the items literally : " Paid for bandages prescribed by the doctor according to annexed account, No. 1 2 16 •' Paid for vinegar and ice used for a similar purpose, according to a nnexe d fie Count, No. 2 " Paid six soldiers who were chosen to nurse these flogged citizens (questi eivil9 coBti gati) at 401 r., M. C., a-head 4 0 "For 60 sticks used for the abovernentioned _ _ purpose at Bit, M. C., each stick 8 0 "In addition, for 40 sticks employed in flog ging the citizens arrested on the loth, 17th, and 23d of July, and expenses " Total The order for the paying of this sum was signed by Radetsky, but it was merely communicated to the municipality, and then, out of very shame, withdrawn. But so deeply was this insult felt by even the nominees of the Austrian Government that, when on the death of the Field-Marshal, the municipality was ordered to attend his public fune ral, the Podesta alone (one Sebregondi, a mere creature of the Austrians), obeyed, the entire body keeping away, notwithstanding the threats of the authorities. It may be said that these occurrences are of some years back, but that this infamous system of flogging women was persevered in to the last is proved by the third document in my possession. It is a circu lar of the Imperial Vice-Government of Lombardy, dated Jan. 22, 1859, and consequently immediately before the war, and entitled, "Relating to the Exe cution of Corporal Punishment to be inflicted on Women." It declares that the Minister of Justice, in concert with the Minister of the Interior and of Finance, had determined that the wives of gaolers and their female servants who should be found best fitted to the work (che si troveranno a cis piu culatte) should be employed, and should be paid at the rate of 20 soldi of new money a•head for each victim. Of the atrocities committed during their occupa tion of the Papal and Tuscan territories by the Austrians ample evidence has been furnished by the documents found in the archives, and published by the order, or under the sanction of the Pro visional Governments. That they were committed in the Legations with the approval of the Pope is shown by a letter from Radetzky replying to some proposal (the nature of which has not been yet dis covered) of the present Cardinal Savelli for the treat ment of political offenders. The Marshal declares " that he should feel himself dishonoured as a man and as a soldier" were he to put his name to a do cument such as that proposed to him. An Austrian General ou td one b y a Christian priest? In the horrible history of the cruelties perpetrated during the Austrian occupation of Bologna the Pope is, I am assured, only found interfering on one occasion. On the side of mercy and of justice ? No. But to grant a dispensation to an Austrian officer for the execution of a boy of 17, who had been condemned to death when a year under the legal age. The above facts, to which could be added very many more inspiring equal horror, are surely suffi cient to account for the hatred of the Italians to the Austrian rule, and to the rule of the Pope and of those princes who have placed Italy at the mercy Austrian soldiers. They are well worthy the earnest consideration of such Englishmen as are desirous of seeing that rule, at least in the case of the Pope, restored. I am, Sir, yom obedient servant, Jan. 6. A. H. LAYARD. SIR ZIENRY HAVELOCK'S GRAVE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—l scarcely know what reply to make to the letter of Sir Henry Havelock in reference to a passage from my book on India except to add my testimony to that which he bears to tne character of Major Crommelin, than whom no army boasts a more zealous or able officer. It is scarcely neces sary for me to say that I meant no attack on the reputation or conduct of an officer whom I hold in high esteem ; and indeed Sir Henry exculpates me from any suspicion of the kind. The fact is that I found the grave of a man over which all England had been weeping —over which poets were weaving chaplets of verses, if not of illmortelles—was a mere ditch filled with foul water; that it was in that state when I saw it many months after the hero was laid to rest there, and longer after we had established our rule in Oude ; and in stating the fact, which to me was painful, I thought it but right to add that certain directions had been given by the gallant son of the deceased to an officer very much en gaged in the most important duties which that officer had, amid the pressure of his vitally important daily avocations, as chief engineer of the Government works at Lucknow, forgotten to fulfil, as he pressed upon me with generous energy when I talked to him of the neglected state of the grave. The work, which, I think, after all that was said and written and sung of the glorious, immortal, heroic Havelock, should have been a nation's care—if ene is to credit a nation's words—was begun after I had spoken to Major Crommelin, not in consequence of what I said, but in obedience to the instructions of the present Sir Henry Havelock, which were for a time (as Sir Henry states) par. donably forgotten, and the subsequent inattention to which arose from causes with which the publice are not yet made acquainted. I believe Sir James Outram brought forward a proposition for the erection of a monument at the public expense, but, if he did, it came to nothing.. I am, sir, your obedient servant, W. H, RUSSELL. COUNT WALETVSKI. (From the Times.) Count Walewski has fallen, like Jupiter, in a shower of gold. Fortune follows her favourite even in his descent from power, and spreads luxury and wealth, like soft spangled cushions, on the spot where he is to strike the earth. The decision which dethroned him was sudden, and the exact cause of that decision may still be a problem. It may be but as the taking down an Austrian. banner from a place of honour, but laying it by tenderly to be re placed at a convenient season. It may be a demon stration that the Emperor is about to break for ever with the course of policy of which Walewski was the visible exponent. But, on the other hand, it may also be that the Emperor is just in the act of trying a new combination, and thinks it convenient to play this new game entirely out of his own hand. It must be admitted that if Napoleon 111. has pro hibited the action of the press in its ancient sphere, he has very largely increased its direct importance by the work he has imposed upon it on his own behalf. In Paris, and now in Rome, the pamphlet and the journal have taken the place of the diplo matic note. The Powers of Europe come into the lists of journalism, mingly hotly in the melee, and only known in their plain armour of anonymous knights by the heartiness of the blows they deal, and by the deference which is paid them by their opponents. It was curious to see the master of so many legions tilting with his vizor down at the Holy Father. Now we have the Holy . Father himself assum i ng t h e pseu d onyme of Gtornale di Roma, and returning the blow from under the disguise of the broad sheet. His versa tile assailant receives his lance in full career, but, changing horse and arms and blazon, returns into the lists, and resumes the combat under the nom de guerre of M. Grandeguillot, of the Constitutionnel. This could not go on for ever. While the Emperor and the Pope are thus belabouring each other in disguise, M. Walewski and Cardinal Antonelli, the two official representatives of the two Sovereigns, could not for very ridicule continue to bow and embrace and pass endearing compliments. Walewski has been removed from the scene, and Antonelli must now bow to space. The Emperor is getting tired of play, and is looking round to see who will be with him and who against him if he screw on the iron to his lance. But much will depend upon the attitude of the other champions in the lists; and if he sees that they flock to his leadership, it is by no means impossible that Walewski may again pop up opposite to Antonelli, that the bowing and embracing pageant may be recommenced, and that the lists may be closed. All this, however, is a great mystery. It would be rash to prophecy the actions of a man who is possibly in a state of even more acute expectation than we ourselves can be. But whatever may be the secret springs of the public act which has just been announced to Europe, we cannot but congratulate the Emperor upon the very Grand Seigneur air with which he has settled this affair of State. It used to be one of the maxims of that highly polished corruption which reached its most shining point during the Govern ment of the Regent Orleans, that a gentleman of sober habits might be even a miser without dero gating ; but that no gentleman could be parsimoni ous in his vices. If an instrument had done his work, it was a duty of gentillesse to reward him well. Napoleon acts up to the generous traditions of the Regency. If he does not allow his Ministers much power, if he even suffers them to promise what he does not intend to perform, and disavows and reassures them when their obligations become troublesome, no one can say that he does not, with a noble disdain for all meaner considerations, throw them gold and decorations. Under certain condi tions, and with certain restrictions, the service of Napoleon 111. is the best in the world. There ap pears to be perfect independence; for you may say what you like, certain that whatever you may say your master will do as he likes ; and when the time comes that the discrepancy between official words and Imperial acts becomes inconveniently glaring, behold there is a golden chariot and garlands and blue fire to accompany you in glory from the scene ! The conditions are that you must not pre tend to exercise any solid power, or chafe at the small credence given to your official explanations. Count Walewski, having failed in the conditions, or having arrived at that fatal point of discre pancy, goes forth covered with all the stars of our modern carpet chivalry, invested with the rank of Senator, gifted with two estates, mere mementoes of the Emperor's generosity, and endowed with a salary of £.5,000 a year for life. This, moreover, is a Minister to whom it i s now evident that th e Emperor has never been indebted for his policy. Napoleon 111. was never dependent upon Walewski, either for his expedients or for his resolutions. Walewski was not a Richelieu, nor even a Dubois; he was simply a drag upon his master's course, but an impediment so slight that he could afford to tolerate it. He was a small domestic opposition. But he has served the Em peror. To mete out his reward would be to mea sure his own honour. The Emperor scorns to do so bourgeois an act ; Walewski goes forth, there fore, like Alcmgeon from the Treasury of the Lydian King. How much more modest and more Spartan-like are we in our Constitutional Government when we reckon with our old servants ! When we allow £5,000 a year to sustain the dignity and the ex pense of the highest offices in the State we think we are doing a remarkably handsome thing, and such men as Mr. Williams, of Lambeth, and Mr. Bright, do not fail to reckon it among the ex travagances of a corrupt aristocratic system. Yet we work our men hard, mulct them in the ex penses of frequent re-elections, and call upon them both in opposition and in office for the devotion of all their time and energy in public services of every kind. Office work in the morning, debates at night, charity and educational and social science speeches and political meeting in the vacation— how hardly all this heavy business contrasts with the silken luxury of the servants of Imperial France ! Moreover, when they do go out of office, the Queen never gives them a farm in the Wind sor Home Park and a slice of the New Forest for a hunting-box; and even if it should occur that a small pension has been earned, it can only be enjoyed on condition of the recipient being ac tually in want of it. Some time ago, when this matter was under discussion in the House of private means—whi c h h ave since, we believe, C o mmons, Lord John Russ e ll ma d e a confession of his been very much augmented—and said that, al though as a younger son he was a poor man, he had never been in debt until he took office ; but ho added that he had, up to that time, never been out of debt afterwards. Mr. Bright could not under stand ; with a delicate arithmetic characteristic of his class, he suggested that, although Cabinet din ners were undoubtedly costly, yet by being a Cabi net Minister a man got invited to a good many dinners at other people's houses, and so, upon a computation, the balance ought to be pretty even. Yet, notwithstanding the strong contrast between the emoluments of office in France and England, and notwithstanding the hard work and the —to a sensitive mind—still more disagreeable grudging complaints of coarse, unreasonable persons, we shall not find among our public men one to envy Count Waleweki either his favour or his fortune. The Emperor of the French deserves all praise for being a generous master ; he pays generously for services rendered. We have lackeys and flunkeys to whom fripperies are sometimes wisely thrown, but our public men envy neither foreign nor domestic cour tiers. There is a pleasure in holding part in the working of a free Government which only a free people can comprehend, and which is quite apart from, and cannot be measured or recompensed by, money or titular distinctions. Count Walewski hag all our good wishes in his retirement. We hope that he now carries off with him upon his travels not only his pensions, and his little firmament of stars, and his double rent-roll, but also the last hope of Austria to restore the Grand Dukes to Modena, Parma, and Tuscany, and the last hope of the Pope to carry fire and sword through the Romagna. STATE OF TRADE. MiNcHEsTER, Jan. 6.—Prices have drooped since the commencement of last months, 4id to 6d. per piece on India shirtings, and id to td per lb. on yarns for the same market. With this reduction we have a rather better feeling, and more disposi tion to make purchases. The larger portion of the business in shirtings, however, has been in the heavier makes of 40-inch, for China, which are now rather scarce. Prices are consequently rather steadier. The decline on jacconets and madapollams for India is about ld to lid per piece ; on figured shirtings, 3d; and on T cloths lid per piece. The greatest reduction on water twist has been in 16-24's, while 30's are firm, and low numbers of extra hard twist are id. dearer. This, as above stated, is on the month. Since Monday the market has been steadier for all goods. Narrow makes of 'l'-cloths for the Levant and fine makes for China have not undergone any reduction for some time past, and there are still some good orders in hand. Long cloths and domestics are steady at the rates of the early part of December, but printers are rather easier, particularly the lower makes, but with more steadiness this week. At the close of this day's market we learn that 71b. and 81b. 40-inch shirt ings are l i td. to 3d. higher than the lowest rates re cently taken, in consequence of the large business recently done for China and 40's mule, of China quality, and 16's to 20's water twist nre id. above the late lowest rates. The market closes with a more cheerful feeling. A. fi , withd Th 4 hibite Triest Th e 14 p e the c outra n( Acc Markc withot eatitna _ Sine be en —a ex c i us i Londo Thurs o Go The cities more 1 sequel Which r rol 95 11: next. 951 ; Cent. ] 103 i ; Exche4 A rai market Turkisl 65 1 to Ilan 5 98 ; dii Dutch The are ii I par ; ti l Bank 0 dian La In th have be Stances, realised shire ai South ] and E a The kets Proved as ; Efl Tr un k each b rem a i n E - o ank Si 3 per e t IPer Ci w w 3 Lon g A . foi Ditto India 8 Ditto Ditto Ditto E"uolo t l, OOl Ditto Si b a t ch 1 A.n. A . , Ca l l . 32 of J anill Notes I, Th e PUted tif J an. tY.abl e Prox) ~~ ............. Ji I 4th , The conti bat ed