The Sun. — London, England, 1860-09-27 00:00:00

BENSON'S WATCHES.' "Perfection of meohanism."—llorning Post. Gold Sliver 2to 50 guineas. Send 2 stamps for Benson's Illustrate Pamphlet, descrip five of every construct i o n of watch now made, with their prices. Watches sent to all p a rts of the ki n gdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies fo r 59. extra. 33 and 34, Ludgate - h lll, London, EC. Established 1749. HEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. L e s Ace, Mr. J. B. Backstone. TIITS EVENING the r erfertnanceg will eornmenee with THE ODDITIES 01TIIE OHIO. By the Leclercqs. Followed liy D OES 1114_1 LOVE ME? Messrs. Howe Chippen dale. E. Villiers, and Buckstone ; Mi ns. ss Amy Sedg wick, Miss Florence H a ydon, and Mrs. W After which, the new farce, entitled FITZSMYTHE OF FITZSMYTIIE HALL. Messrs. Buckstone, W. Farren, and Am-rers ; Mrs. Wilkins and Miss Henrade. To conclude with THE BOAR DING SCHOOL. Commence at 7. ' rrnEATRE - ROYAL LYCEUM. Sole Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE. The Public is respectfully informed that this Theatre, having been newly Decorated and Embellished, WILL OPEN for •the "Winter Season, on MONDAY, Oct. 1, with a Comic Drama, entitled DELICATE GROUND. Attu' which, a New and Original Drama (written by Tom Taylor, Esq.), entitled THE BRIGAND AND HIS BANKER. Principal characters by Mr. George Vining (his first appearance here), Mr John Rouse, Mr. Villiers, Mr. 11. Watkins (the popular American Comedian, his first appearance in England), Mrs. Keeley, 3liss M. Ternan, and Madame Celeste. To conclude with MAGIC TOYS : Valentine, Miss Lydia Thompson. The talented Comedienne, Miss Josephine Goughenhelm, of the principal Theatres in America and Australia, is engaged, and will make her first appearance in England on Monday, .Bth Oct. Miss Rosina Howard, the accomplished Amencan Actress and Vocalist, is also engaged, and will appear early in November. ADELPHI, NEW THEAT RE -ROYAL. . Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Great Success of the new Drama, by Dion Bourcicault every even , " The Colleen Bawn."—Miss Ag nes Robertson ing. E CORPS THIS EVENING, THE RIFL. Messrs. W. Smith, D. Fisher, C. Selby , Miss oo lgar, Miss Kate Kelly, and Sirs. Billington. After which, THE COLLEE'N BAWN. D. Bonrcicault, D. Fisher, Billington, FalCOner, Stephenson. C. J. Smith, Romer. Miss Amnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley. To conclude with MUSIC 'LATH CHARMS. Mr. David Fisher. Doors open at half -past 6—Commence at 7. 150 x-office open from 10 till 5. No charge for booking. P r ivate boxes, Z 2 2s. ; Family BOxes,'Xl. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, Ss • pit Stalls , 2 e.; Pit, Is. 6d. ; Am p hitheatre, is ; Gallery, Acting Manager—Mr. Win. Smith. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- fi and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY. - Last Representations of " Mazeppa." Notice.—Speedily will be produced, with great splendour, a Grand and Original Equestrian Spectacle, in Three Acts, written expressly for this Theatre by the popular author, E. Firznair., Esq., entitled "ROBIN HOOD," with entirely new Scenery, Costumes, and Appointments. This Evenincr, Lord Byron's splendid Hippo-drama of MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, with entirely new and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments, introducinc.r, the lamest stud of hi.ghly-trained Horses, Po nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World. To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders DI the day. Doors open at half-cast 8, performance commence at 7. Bon-office open dly from 11 Mr till 4. Stage Manager—. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—M. Felix Itcvolti. CANTERBURY HALL EVERY EVENING, A Grand Selection from MARTHA, And Selections from Dirmumr, TROVATORE, MACBETH, And numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, ls, Ina sd. Comic Vocalists—Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come di an and Mimic), and C. Marshall. The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised expressly for this Establishment), for the performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with Lief.r,TO delineations, anecdotes, &0., in addition to the usual entertainments. The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 Ullll on Sunday Evening. CONCERTS.- TUB WEATHER.—Smi Orricm, SEPT. 27, 1860. THEICHOPCIITER, IN THE MAIM. 57—this day at noon. 48—lowest this morning and during the night. 61—highest since noon yesterday. BAROMETER-29.77. WIND—South-Westerly . ; light and cloudy, with occa , sional showers. It rained heavily in the night. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 12h. 16m.—Afternoon, 12h. 38m, To-Ntonnow.-Morning, 12h. 57m.—Afternoon, I lh. 15m, 4 n~~ ; ~ '„ c e,4:Vi i Z,O ,07 1 ;;;Vi e =7Q' .., ..4,--,1 17...:. -1 ,•'') pitorE. ~~~~ THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 27, 1880 The older despots are in great dismay. Well they may be. One trouble, and perhaps if they dare to speak out, the greatest, is that, the fear of which brought YouN GILPIN down from his horse, although on the point of starting for his wedding day frolic—and well will it be for onr grand monarchs if they, in their line, can imitate the thrifty self-denial of the immortal London draper. The other trouble is the alliance between Prance and Sardinia, a trouble intimately connected with the other, since the want of florins and roubles is the only thing which prevents them from attempt ing to rid themselves of the alliance trouble in the old and approved method. Fighting, however, costs money—and Austria and Russia have paid so much for their last wars, that they have less than nothing left for a new one. The war of words and councils, however, costs nothing, and that is now commencing in apparent earnest. The intention of the proposed meeting at Warsaw, if we may believe Prince GOB.TSCHAKOFF'S state ments to the Duke of MONTEBELLO, the French Ambassador at St. Petersburg, is to counterwork the dangers of the French and Sardinian Alliance. That alliance, divesting the language of its mag niloquent diplomatic form, encourages the aspira tions of the nationalities to regain their natural institutions and their " natural boundaries." And Russia "would fail in her mission if she did not, in common with other States threatened, raise her voice in defence of social order and monarchical Interests." It must be owned that three great Powers have much cause for fear. France now is a homogeneous nation, and Sardinia, even if she annex the whole of Italy, will be the same. Russia, Austria, and Prussia are all made up of the spoils of other nations. Poland, especially, is the spot which they cannot wash out, and unhappy Austria is perplexed with almost as many languages as the tower of Babel. All three, Russia and Austria more particularly, live in perpetual dread of retri al-.. 11.-. A —..........---,-- bution. Italy is all enthusiastic for union ; all France is united, and has not a single department, perhaps not even that of Savoy after all., wishing for separate Government. But Austria is a mere political expression for a combination of nations, every one of whom hates her perfidious and cruel rule ; and Poland feels the same in regard to Russia. It cannot be denied, therefore, that France is an entire contrast to the two Empires, and that she is both aiding Italy in becoming one nation like herself, and has held language with regard to the nationalities of Europe which must greatly annoy those who for so long have kept them in cruel bondage. At the same time the despots know in their hearts that, whatever might become of their greatness and grandeur, were Poland and Hungary as free as Italy is likely to become, the result would be a boon indeed to the commerce and the social order of the countries, and to the peace and, we may add, the exchequers of Europe. Huge standing armies are needed chiefly to keep down nationalities. Austria and Russia could dis pense with three-fourths of their armies if they were not oppressors, and France would have no pretext for maintaining her vast army if the other Powers reduced theirs. Europe, indeed, would not Permit it. 'there seems, however, to be some hope that their very armies and their oppressions will become their " 4 'n Punishment. We have now the authentic balance-sheet Of Austria, and it is a revelation indeed; one which, had it related to our own budget in this country, would have sent consols down, perhaps, to 50. The Reichsrath has done some thing, if it has only dragged to light the real state of the Imperial finances, and pretty plainly, too, indicated the cause of it. During the last ten years the country has paid, we are told, £80,000,000 more than it did in the previous decennial period ; the national debt is increased by £130,000,000, and yet property belonging to the state has been sold for more than £10,000,000. This is not a very consolatory view of the past. But is not the present better ? On the contrary, it appears that, after all the retrenchments which have been made, the deficit for 1861 will be not less than £3,900,000, and for the following year £2,500,000. Besides, this calculation includes the extraordinary " war contribution," which amounts to £3,200,000, and which is "so exceedingly onerous" that it cannot long be levied. These, then, are the pr i nc ipal facts, and what a tale do they tell of the financial success of the Scwartzenberg policy, of forcible suppression of the Austrian nationalities, and the coercion of all by soldiers, by bureaucracy, and by concordats, into one Empire, ruled from Vienna. The result may well stagger even the present Austrian Ministers and their master too. Thirteen millions a year have been added to the debt .since 1848 ; land that though the oppressed nationalities have had to pay eight millions a year more in taxes, and though the Crown has sold its property to the amount of one million per annum. The people have been squeezed to the uttermost—still debt in creases. Taxes are levied which almost stimulate to insurrection—still the debt increases. Railways are sold and revenues pawned to the loan contractor —still the debt increases. What can be done ? What but that to which the report, in conclusion, points—the Government must content the people, or rather the peoples. That process of relieving is indeed one which is wormwood and gall to Aus trian statesmen, and to the EMPEROR too. The former almost flew in a passion with the report, and could see no connection between constitutions and finance; the latter is reported to have said that as long as he wore a sword he would not submit to grant the'people constitutional government. Mini sters will talk, it seems, of liberal " institutions," but they shrink from the word " constitutions." It is all, however, we trust, useless. They cannot make paper into money. They have already over-issued it, till it is 34 per cent. discount compared with silver ; and the more they issue the less they will buy with it, till they will learn that paper without credit is but mere paper. And this is the empire which is exhausting itse in the attempt to secure Venetia, and to keep doWn Hungary and the other provinces—whose monarch also is going to meet the monarch of another govern ment, as poor as itself, at Warsaw, and there to concert measures for keeping things as they are, as if they were the model of perfection. Russians themselves are even at this moment complaining of the enormous expense of watching Poland, and Aus tria is beggared by Hungary and Venetia, and yet the infatuated Sovereigns cannot see that they curse themselves in becoming the curse of the na tions. Easy indeed were it for them to get free from all their difficulties, could they but bow to justice; could they but believe that nations ought to stand before Kings, and but give them their due. When one thinks how heartily all the now op pressed peoples would respond to generous dealing on the part of a Sovereign—how securely a HAPS BURG might be the common Sovereign of all his States, if he took the same pleasure in respecting their wishes as he now does in enforcing his own — it is really astonishing—a proof of almost judicial blindness, that not one in a long dynasty has ever tried the mighty power of equity and civilisation. Obstinacy can, however, hardly succeed long. The Imperial paupers at Warsaw cannot create the sinews of war—cannot neutralise the influence of KOSSUTH, KLAFEA, and GARIBALDI, and can Lot alter the fact that with the French people the idea of aiding struggling nationalities will always be popular. It is this last fact which has put words into the mouth of Louis NAPOLEON, and which makes him formidable. It may be sin gular, but it is nevertheless true, that even Impe rially governed herself, France always delights in the idea of acting as the emancipator of oppressed nation. s. It was one of her first loves when she overthrew the old monarchy, and she has not for gotten it. Much as we had anticipated, the " Defeat of the Garibaldians at Caserta" announced from Gaeta, through Rome, has turned out to be a substantial military success, achieved, how ever, with some loss of 160 placed hors de combat, and that loss due only to the im• possibility of restraining the enthusiasm of the volunteers. An admirably lucid and interesting description of the whole affair, from the pen which has furnished us so many already, tha pen of one who was an actor in what he describes will be found in another column. Oar readers should have, in reading it, a sufficient map. An excellent one now lies at our elbow—" Naples and Sicily, with part of the Roman States, by E. STANFORD ; which will answer every purpose. It will be seen that the object was to secure the possession of a post of great military importance, Cajazzo. This was effected by diverting the attention of the enemy all along the bank of the Vol turno, near Capua. while the place which is situated higher up the river near the mountains was taken by the Garibaldians. The plan completely succeeded. One of the brigades, however, whose only business wag to create diver sion, followed the it',,reating Neapolitans up to the guns of the fortresses contrary to order; another sent to support it had its commander killed, and there was a momentary confusion and loss. They soon rallied, however, and the result was, as usual, the retreat of the Neapolitans. At Ancona the siege is prosecuted vigorously—two of the forts are taken and one of the suburbs, and many prisoners made. The Sardinian Government has politely sent the Austrians a handsome present—a thousand Austrian prisoners taken from General LA3IO - Of the dispute between Count CAVOUR and GARI BALDI we hear little more. Signor PALLAVICINIA, whom the General sent to Turin, has returned, and it is, of course, supposed that he takes back from the KING a refusal to comply with the demands of the General. We still retain our belief, however, that all will end smoothly. GARI BALDI has before given way with great good tem per to his Sovereign, and even retired from active work for a short time—he will have no need to do that now; and we are confident that his patriotism and strong sense . will never allow him to commit the Italian cause by any imprudent act. He knows the position of all parties, knows his own resources in Italy, and beyond Italy, too, and we have the highest confidence in him that some t lungs which now seem as imprudent as the land ing at Marsala will turn out to be as prudent as ti iat ixitial step. Russia, Prussia, and Austria al , e going to meet at Warsaw only because they bE lieVe GARIBALDI to be too prudent, as well as too be 1d for Austria alone. We sincerely hope that Li )rd JOHN RUSSELL'S interview with Baron ScIILEINITZ previous to the assembling of the THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 27, DM --- Warsaw conspirators, conspirators, will at least p ut Prussia on ther guard. She must be warned that Hungary \ and Venetia are not t o be intermeddled with by a Power that wishe s to be on g ood terms with L , England. The advertisement of the Atlantic and Great Western Railway Company announces that de bentures will be issued, bearing 7 per cent. in terest with dividends, from the Ist of July last, at the price of 80. The line possesses peculiar interest. Already the New York and Erie Rail way forms a highway on a broad gauge from the great commercial port to the western boun dary of New York. The Ohio and Mis sissippi Railway, from Cincinnatti to the banks of the great river opposite the juin• tion of the Missouri and St. Louis presents a simi lar highway, on the broad gauge, to the extreme west ; but in the interval there is a network of smaller railways running in various directions. By the formation of the Atlantic and Great Western, which joins the New York and Erie at Salamanca and connect with the Mississippi and Ohio at Day ton, a grand trunk line is formed 1,200 miles in length, across the entire breadth of the United States between the Atlantic and the Mississippi. The new line is in three sections, passing through the States of New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. The first section has been completed, and the works have been constructed with a solidity unusual in American railways, This is important,—new lines in the Republic being chargeable with the cost of reconstruction after the first provisional building of the line ; while of course the present undertaking will be free from that abstraction from dividends Two facts show the great value of the junc tion line ; the quotations of the Erie Company have risen immensely, for the simple reason that heretofore the change of gauge has been a great obstruction upon the " through " traffic of that line; and, indeed, the Erie Company is so sensible of its interest in the junction, that it has under taken to give a bonus of 10 per cent. on the gross traffic arising from the junction during the five years after completion, and five per cent. for five years afterwards. London capitalists, who own largely in the New York and Erie, have also, after personal enquiry, taken a large interest in the new line. The names in the aVertisement of the new company, including that of SALAMANCA, the great Spanish contractor, are a guarantee for the solidity of the whole under. taking, in a commercial as well as an engineering sense. The project is pronounced in the City to be one of " the most legitimate" that could be brought forward, and, although so recently brought out, it has already attracted a very general attention. THE TRANSPORT SERVIOE. Mr. T. M. Mackay, in a letter to a contemporary says : I have just seen the blue-book containing the evidence given before the Select Committee on Transport Service, and beg leave to call attention to the remarkable testimony of Capt. Eden, R.N., C. 8., one of the Lords of the Admiralty, who, in reply to Question No, 51— . . . . IMPROVEMENT IN REAPING MACHINES, A NEW REAPER-THE LITTLE BRITAIN, aan you furnish a return showing the cost per head to the country of sending oat 1,000 soldiers from England to Malta in one of her Majesty's transports ?" Says,— " I had a calculation made of the cost of carrying two regiments from England to Malta. They had to be taken from Malta to the West Indies, and then brought from the West Indies to England. The Himalaya and the Persever ance were the only two vessels available in England at the time. The Himalaya was able to carry one regiment, but the Perseverance could only take 560 men. It therefore be came necessary to take up freight for 350 men. The In diana was taken up at £15,000, and the cost of the coals, which Government had to supply, was £l,BBO, making a total of £16,880. That was for carrying 350. The Himalaya took 850 men; the cost of the crew's wages and victuals, calculating a voyage of 74 days, was £2,619; the cost of victualling the troops was £2,691; the wear and tear of the Himalaya, calculating at 8 per cent. on the original cost, was £3,132 ; and the cost of the coals was £3,760. The total of that is £12,202 for carrying 850 men." Now, it would appear from the above figures that the number of men requiring to be moved amounted to 1,750, and on referring to pp. 239 and 328 I find that the Himalaya has capacity for 994 men, or 1,030 if women are not carried ; while Capt. Lecke, the Superintendent of Marine under the Indian Council, states, in reply to Question 1,637, that "he once put 1,300 men on board of her." The Perse verance also measures for 605 men, or 639 without women, while the Indiana carried 775 men besides 15 officers to India. From these authentic data I learn that the Govern ment transports Himalaya and Perseverance could have taken 1,669 men without crowding, and for the sake of carrying a surplus of 81 men the nation seems to have been put to an outlay of £16,880, or above £2lB per head, a result obtained by no flexible ar rangement of arithmetic. Again, Captain Eden states that the Indiana was paid £15,000, independent of coals, for a 74 days' voyage, or say two months and a half, while at page 240 I learn that the average rate for the steam transports to China is under 355. per ton per month ; and, assuming this as a fair estimate of monthly pay, it would on the Indiana's tonnage, 2,364, yield £10,342 for the above period, whereas about one third additional is stated to have been paid. Were there no tenders for this service ? Captain Eden advocates a proposal for the Go vernment to have 8 or 10 such transports as the Himalaya, and the statement referred to was, no doubt, meant to convince the committee that such a system would be more economical for the country ; but in his calculations (which some members of the committee discovered) there was nothing charged for interest or insurance, and the expenses assumed that no one had been on pay prior to or after the lapse of the 74 days. Next Session some member will, no doubt, move for a return of the cost of the existing troopships, as well as the work done for the money ; and, if the return be satisfactory, let us have a fleet of them without delay. My object in addressing you has been to rectify a serious error which I saw had been already adopted by an influential military paper, and also to convince the public that if they have not got value for their money, the blame should not be as cribed to private transports. A novelty in the construction of this class of machinery, so beneficial to the agricultural interest, was exhibited at work on Friday, at Eltham, on the Middle Park Farm, in the occupation of J. Blenkiron, Esq. The peculiarity of this machine consists in the delivery of the corn, the light ness of draught, and simplicity in construction, the plat form being rotary in its action, while all others we have yet seen are stationary, with the single exception of the tipping board, which was used on }lussey's reaper when it was first brought to this country. The rotary motion is produced by means of a bevel wheel, working on a pinion, both being An the centre underneath the platform, and in communicad lion with the driving wheel. This is the leading and pro minent feature of the now reaper, and we are disposed to think that, upon principle, it is right. The reaper, in fact, was merely put together to show the principle, with the knives behind the driving wheel instead of the front ; other parts also seemed improved for the occasion ; although in an unfinished state it did some good work, and with a few alterations and adjustments, it promises to become a stan dard mach i ne. The means it has of discharging the cut corn are not only simple, but ingenious, as the delivery can be obtained either by the corn falling off in swarthe or in compact bundles, ready for the binders, leaving a clear space, 5 feet wide, for the horse and machine to pass round again. The inventor of this new reaper, is Mr. W. Ste vens, who has had great experience in agricultural machi nery, particularly implements intended for field opera tions ; it was manufactured by Messrs . Dray, Taylor, and Co., under the superintendence of the inventor. The expe riment was made on a crop of wheat, and gave general satisfaction. There were some leading farmers and others interested in aitriculture in the field, amongst them we may cite It. Russell, Esq., J. Blenkiron, Esq., and some American gentlemen from Chicago, engineers, who ex pressed their approbation with the work done, saying that the new reaper—the Little Britain—will take its place Amon the best leading agricultural implements of the day LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : SHANGHAI, AVG. 2. There is little important political news. The rebels have taken Nantsien city, in the silk district. An American named Word undertook to re-capture Singpoo. He failed in the attempt and was wounded. The Allies left for the Peiho on the 26th July. They were to take the forts before treating with the Chinese. The French and General Division are landing simultaneously at Pehlang. _ A severe engagement has taken place with pirates. 200 were slain and 2 European leaders captured. CANTON, AUG. 8. Business is again impeded by the rebels who have possession of the passes. CALCUTTA, AUG. 22. The Maharajah of Travancore died on the 18th August. PARIS, SEPT. 27. The Moniteur of this morning announces that the Chevalier Nigra bad an audience of the Emperor yesterday in order to take leave. Signor Grapello, First Secretary, remains to conduct the business of the Sardinian Legation. MONTEACETTO, SEPT. 26 After a short combat the troops of the 4th corps d' armee occupied the suburb of the Porta Pia of Ancona. The enemy, with four:pieces of cannon, ii defending the gates of the town of Ancona. MONTEACETTO, SEPT. 26. (OFFICIAL DESPATCH.) The brigade of Bologna and the•battalions of the 23d and 25th Regiments of Bersaglieri have taken by assault two of the forts of Ancona, namely, Forts Pelago and Pulito. Our troops displayed admirable courage. An attack on Fort Gardetto is imminent. General Brignone has made four more officers and seventy-eight soldiers of the Papal Army pri- soners. TURIN, SEPT. 26 The King is about to leave for Bologna.] The Governolo conveys to Trieste 1,000 Austrian prisoners of war, lately mercenaries in the service of the Pope. A report is current that Signor Cattaneo has been appointed pro-Dictator of Naples. PARIS,'SEpT. 26, ST. PETERSBURG, SEPT. 26, MARSEILLES, SEPT. 26, VIENNA, SEPT. 27. SEMLIN, SEPT. 26, EVENING MADRID, SEPT. 26, Earl Granville is on the point of starting Andalusia. M. Ledru Rollin is at Naples. iThe Opinione says :—Signor Pallavicino has left 7or Naples. He was entrusted by Garibaldi with a mission, to which it was easy to foresee the King could not tend himself. Baron de Boude, Secretary of the French Em bassy at St. Petersburg, arrived here a few days ' , ago with despatches stating that Prince Gorts chakoff had had a long conference with the French Ambassador, the Duke of Montebello, in reference to the general state of things in Europe and the affairs of Italy. The Prince, after having expressed the sincere desire of Russia to maintain friendly relations with France, said that the alliance between France and Sardinia encouraged the propagation of doc trines constituting a permanent danger to the poli tical equilibrium and the stability of Thrones. Russia, he said, would entirely fail in her mission were she not, in common with other States threatened, to raise her voice in defence of social order and monarchical interests. The Prince added, that this was the object of the approaching interview at Warsaw. Baron de Boude will leave for St. Petersburg on Friday next with the reply of the French Govern ment to the communication of the Russian Minister. In consequence of the accouchemeat of the Em press not having yet taken place, the interview will not be held, at Warsaw before the 20th of October. The naval authorities at Toulon have received orders to prepare a considerable number of trans port vessels for the conveyance of troops. It is asserted that three steamers are expected at Malta with reinforcements from England. Letters received from Athens state that a de monstration on the part of the students had taken place before the King'a Palace, amid shouts of " Down with King Otho !" "Down with Austria !' Some cries of " Napoleon for ever !" were also heard. In yesterday's sitting of the Reichsrath M. Strasser was of opinion that a modern constitution, framed upon M. Maager's proposition, would be impossible for Austria. M. Strasser also stated the he did not observe in the report of the committee any indica tion respecting the future position of Austria to. wards Germany. He desired that an additional clause should be inserted in the report expressing a wish for the greatest possible harmony of relations with Germany. Prince Michael Obrenovitch has issued a procla mation announcing that he assumes the Govern , ment of Servia as hereditary Prince. Tranquillity has not been disturbed. The absolutist journals reproach the Governmen for not having sent an army to defend the Pope. The health of the Queen is excellent. FRANCE. L' Anti de la _Religion announces the discovery, in an old hair-bottomed arm-chair used by Pope PiusVll. when a prisoner at Fontainebleau, of the two following documents, which possess more than ordinary interest under existing circumstances. The first is a letter addressed to the Pope by the Emperor Napoleon L, and is dated " Fontaine bleau, January 25, 1813." The second is a letter written to the Pope when in confinement at Savona by Count Bigot, announcing to his Holiness that, in consequence of an English plan to land on the coast and carry off his Holiness, the Emperor Na poleon had determined to remove him to Fontaine bleau. The letter from Napoleon is in the follow ing terms : 'Very Holy Father,—Your Holiness having ap peared to me to fear, at the moment of signing the articles putting an end to the divisions which afflict the Church, that they might bear the interpreta tion of an implied renunciation of your pretension to the Roman States,l feel pleasure in assuring you that, never having intended to demand of you a renunciation of the temporal sovereignty of these States, your Holiness need not fear that it may be believed that you renounce your rights or preten sions, either directly or indirectly, by signing the above-mentioned articles. It is with the Pope in his quality of chief of the Church in spiritual affairs that I have treated. In conclusion, very Holy Father, I pray God that He may preserve you for many years to the government of our mother, the , hadbeen approved by both Chambers and sanctioned Holy Church. " Your very devoted son, by the executive. "NAPOLEON." The Indians of Aranca continue quiet. The Valparaiso markets were improving. Money for wholesale transactions abounded, and the rate of interest on money was low. The reopening guano question in Luna had greatly influenced the metallic markets, both silver and gold having fallen considerably. Bar silver had fallen 2 dols. per mark. Some of the miners had sus• pended operations. Rate of exchange improved. Bill on Europe 42 " Fontainialeau, Jan. 25, 1813. The following is the letter of Count Bigot de Preameneu, Minister of Public Worship under. Napoleon I.:— " Paris, May 27, 1812. Very Holy Father,—The well-known plan of ,he English to make a descent in the neighbour hood of Savona to carry you off compels the French Government to bring your Holiness to the capital. Orders have consequently been given that your Holiness may first come to Fontainebleau, where you will see the bishops and those of the cardinals who are in France. Your Holiness is not to remain at Fontainebleau longer than is re quired to fit up the apartments in the Archbishop's Palace in Paris, which you will then inhabit. " I am, with profound respect, very Holy Father, your Holiness's very humble and very obedient servant." per cent. The American ship Chatsworth was wrecked on the coast of Chili, 55 miles south of Valparaiso. All hands were saved. A private letter from Turin of the 23d inst., re ceived in Paris, contains the following passage : " Garibaldi alone possesses the secret of the period at which the Hungarian insurrection is to break out. He finds it extremely difficult to pre vent the Hungarian Liberals from acting before he has given the signal. At the moment lam writing to you, Kossuth, Klapka, Teleki, and others are here waiting for the hour to strike by the Garibal dian clock.' BOURSE, Sept. 26. The market has again fallen into a state of considerable stagnation as regards the amount of business, but prices remain pretty firm. For the Account Threes are now at 68f 550 ; Mobilier, 691 f 25c ; Orleans, 1,397 f 50c ; Mediterranean, 901 f 25c ; Austrian, 475 f ; Lombard 477 f 05c. The following are the last quotations : 41 per per Cents ... 95 50 Credit Fonder 897 Do end month.... —.- Belgian 41 9B 3 per Cents 68 70 Piedmontese Fives. 78 Do. end month 6B 65 Roman Bank Shares 2805 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 695 . 71 Spanish Threes 47 Do. Account 693 7a , Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1397 50 .. 1402 50 Northern 965 967 50 New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 901 25 903 75 Geneva 357 50 360 Southern 502 50 .. Western Eastern Sardinian 385 380 Austrian Loirbard ITALY. A letter from Turin, dated Sept. 24, says :-- . _ " Garibaldi's army has just met with a check before Capua. It attacked the Royal troops ; they say it was Bixio's brigade. After a smart cannon ade the Garibaldians were driven back by a bril liant charge of cavalry, and returned to their posi tions, with a loss of 400 killed and wounded, and leaving 300 prisoners in the enemy's hands. Never theless, the positions were maintained, and the Dictator is collecting all his forces to take a signal revenge. " It is asserted that the King of Naples is at the head of 50,000 men, and will show fight. Bosco, who had been accused of following Nunziante's example, is with the King, and has said that all the Piedmontese will ever get of him will be his corpse on the battle-field. " The Marquis Pallavicini Trivulzio, the desig nated pro-Dictator of Naples, arrived here this morning, after a very short stay in the former capital. He is the bearer of another letter from Garibaldi to Victor Emmanuel, in which the former states,, on what conditions an agreement may be come to. " The King received the envoy of the Dictator who governs in his name, but simply observed, he should make his reply known. "It is reported here to-day that an insurrection has broken out in the patrimony of St. Peter. It is simply the forerunner of what probably will shortly occur. " Military honours have been paid to General Pimodan, who fell on the field of battle." A letter from Rome, dated 19th September, says : " The Minister of 'War has asked General de Goyon to send French troops to defend Viterbo. The General refused. . " This morning French gendarmes tore down in the Monte-Giardano street a placard with the in scription 'Vivo Victor Emmanuel, notre Roi d'ltalie ! Vive Napoleon 111. !' " Colonel de Mortilliet, who had been sent by Monseigneur de Merode into the provinces of Velletri and Frosinone with secret instructions, started last night with 1,000 men, and re-occupied Ponte-Corvo. The authorities established there in the name of Victor Emmanuel fled. No blood was shed." THE STATE OF AIESSINA. The following is an extract from a letter from Messina, dated September 17 : Hopes were entertained that the citadel would surrender ; perhaps it would have been done was it not that on the 13th instant a small steamer, under the Prussian flag, arrived from Gaeta with despatches from the King for the commander of the citadel. Immediately after the receipt of the despatches there was great rejoicing among the Royal troops, and an illumination in the forts that same night. It is therefore supposed that orders were given to hold on; The soldiers receive double pay and double rations. The paymaster deserted on Friday ; he states that neither the general nor any of the officers can control the soldiers—they are like so many wild beasts; some want orders to be given to enter the city and plunder; others, more infuriated, speak of bombarding, and of killing every officer who oppose their hostile intentions. The garrison of Garibaldi's troops is but small, and composed merely of recruits, many of them mere children ; it is very desirable that some regu lar Sardinian troops should arrive, as our National Guard is of no account—small in number, and small in courage. Two murders were committed in town last week, and although the assassins are well known, they are unmolested as usual. No arrangements have been made for the vote of an nexation, but the majority prefer the statu quo, to get as many pickings as possible, and to do as they please: We all foresee a great deal of trouble and insecurity. FRANCIS 11. AND HIS GENERALS The Opinione 21'ationale reports that King Francis 11., in the dying struggles of his power, has shot a General at Gaeta for high treason. The name of the officer is General Solzano, and it is said that he was executed in four hours after his trial by a court-martial. THE WEST INDIA MAIL. SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY, The Royal Mail Steam Packet Company's ship Tasmania, Captain Sawyer, with the above mails, arrived in the Southampton Dock at nine a.m. this day. She brings 84 passengers, 5,638,455 dols. in specie, including 8,866 dols. on account of the Mexican dividends, diamonds valued at £5,016, and 1,628 packages of cargo. The news from the West Indies is unimportant. The weather at Barbadoes was favourable for planters, and a large stock was expected next year. _ _ - Exchange on London, 30 days, 400 dols. At Demerara business was dull, and prices were declining. Pork was not over abundant. Produce was coming in freely. There was a brisk demand for sugar. Rum was entirely neglected. Molasses required, but very little offered. Tonnage sufficient for present wants. The 46th half•yearly report of the Bank of Jamaica was laid before the shareholders on the 4th inst., and a dividend at the rate of 7 per cent. per annum was declared for the half year. The market was very dull with a few forced sales. Coffee 463. to 48s. per bag ; pimento freely offered at 2d. per lb. ; rice dull, 14s. to 14s. 6d. f r good ; sugar realised 10s. Exchange on London Colonial Bank and Jamaica Bank, 0) days, per cent. premium. In Chili heavy gales and severe rains had been experienced. The extradition treaty between Trance and Chili .MADAJLE CLAIM .NOVELLO'S FAREIrELL. The Festival performance of the Creation at the Crystal Palace yesterday was a great and decided success, and, according to the promise made to our readers in The Sun of Sept. 12, we give this evening an outline of past experience on Madame Novello's performance of the Messiah, which will be heard for the last time on Saturday, September 29, at the Crystal Palace. If there be one style of music to which, more than another, the lovely voice and grand classic manner of Madame Clara Novell() are adapted, it is the sacred style ; and to her achieve ments in this lofty department of art her great celebrity (in this country at least) is mainly to be attributed. As prima donna assotata of the ora torios of Handel, Haydn, Mendelsshon, and Spohr, Madame Clara Novello has long reigned supreme in .he English concert-room; but 'great provincia towns no less than the metropolis have paid homage to her genius, and confirmed year after year the favourable verdict so unanimously pronounced upon the earliest exhibition of her powers ; and although formidable rivals, both foreign and English, have of late appeared to dispute her hitherto exclusive sway, Madame Clara Novello has contrived to hold her own, 75 60 75 75 and is still justly regarded as the first of the first in that particular department of executive art to which our present article bears special reference. In no oratorio, perhaps, are the extraordinary powers of this eminent singer more strikingly displayed than in Handel's " Messiah," from the opening recitative, " There were Shepherds," to the final air in C minor, " If God be for us" (too often omitted in our public performances). Not only does every note of the 6oprano part lie completely within the compass of Madame Novello's voice, but in every piece oppor tunities are afforded for the employment of certain exquisitely beautiful tones belonging exclusively to our own gifted countrywoman, and which might be vainly looked for in the greatest of her contem pories, foreign or English. Do our readers remem ber the softly intense and chastely impassioned tones, so full of affectionate consolation and gracious ten derness, which characterises Madame Novello's rendering of " Come unto Him all ye that labour ?" Those notes, so sweet and gentle, yet so full and rich —those incomparable high Fs and Gs (if we must be technical) which are quite Madame Novello's own property ? The Fto which we allude occurs no less than 17 times in a short solo. But heard from such a voice we never tire of it ; the mere ab stract beauty of the sound, apart from all wsthetical meaning, would be delightful. Another effort of the same description, to which also the very highest praise may be awarded, is Madame Novello's " How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the Gospel of peace," one of the divinest inspira tions in the oratorio. Here again the best, notes of her voice are called into requisition, and that peculiar tranquil beauty and calm happiness, which Madame Novello seems fitted by nature to express more truthfully and charmingly than any other singer in the world, are the poetical characteristics of the song. In these two pieces the great English soprano is quite beyond ri valry, but still greater (because the air is more trying and important) is her delivery of " I know that my Redeemer liveth," a performance which, in our opinion, includes within itself all the grandest and most beautiful qualities of the singer, and by which she will in distant years be chiefly remembered. Anything more lovely than this, whether in conception or execution, it were, indeed, impossible to imagine. If the Christian virtues could be .symbolised by sound alone, fused together, and translated into music, we should say that such a process had given birth to this marvellously beau tiful effect of vocal art, which has all the dignified firmness of faith, the vague joy of hope, and the charity which loies, and whose mission it is to dis pense happiness, or at least to chase away despair. It is not that Madame Novello's delivery of the words lacks expression, but there is so much more in the execution of the notes, into which the:very spirit and essence of the words have entered, as their animat ing, all-pervading soul. We regard this angelic composition as a transfiguration of sense into sound, and the tones fitly expressed, as Madame Novello expresses them, bear within themselves all the meaning that the most eloquent language can convey. When Madame Novello rises here, as she is occasionally required to do, to the high F sharp and G sharp, which in her voice are perfect marvels of sweetness, she perhaps pro duces her greatest effects. It must not, however, be inferred from this praise of such particular tones as no other singer in the world possesses, that Madame Novello's voice is deficient in any respect, for her medium notes, if less bright and rich than those of a higher register, aro still beautiful, and quite worthy of the rest. As an exemplification of that fact, we need only refer our readers to her execution of many portions of the airs above mentioned, which we have specially signalised, because they serve to dis play Madame Novello's powers to the very best advantage, and are efforts which in every respect remain as yet unequalled. Our great English so prano's, "Rejoice greatly," possesses merits of a dif ferent kind ; and the fine air, " If God be for us," is so rarely heard, that a dissertation on Madame Novello's magnificent execution of it would scarcely interest our readers. The artistic world will, doubt less, fully understand and appreciate the irrepara ble loss it is about to sustain, and take every means to hear once more the incomparable voice, which, so far as the public is concerned, will soon be hushed for ever. At the performance on Saturday the band will number 200 performers, and include the names of all our great instrumental performers, such as Sainton, Blagrove, Dando, Hill, Wede meyer, Pettemes, Collins V., Wilkins, Watson, Newsham, Webb, Teust, Glanville, Thompson, Hann, Calkin, Ward, Alsept, Collins G., Paque, Guest, Reed W., Withers, Quinton, Danbert, Schrveder, Howell, Mount, Severn, Russell, Rey nolds, Pickheart, Kleigh, Pratten R. S., Remusat, Wells, Barret, Crozier, Nicholson, Horton, Laza rus,lteeyh,, n Pollard, Pape, Hau ssen, Hutchings, Ward, Harper C., Mann, Standen, Csaetehp jun., Antoine, Webste r, Chi p p, °le Ali Healey, and solo -trumpet—the incomparable Thos. Harper. --_,------- ELECTION INTELLIGENCE. --HONITON. —Mr. Moffatt has canvassed the borough, met and wi onth Tuesday gratifying succes s, and that he left the town for a while to attend the funeral o eared friend, Mr. Locke. Another candidate has since app in the person of Mr. John Trevellian Jen kin, of Swansea, South Wales. This gentleman comes forward on Liberal Conservative principles, and states that if elected he would advocate a liberal and enlightened po key, and supp ort tem p erate and well-considered measures of progress and reform. A handbill has been also issued requesting the electors to withhold their promises, as an other candidate is likely to be brought forward. Mr. Mof fatt's chance is said to be exceedingly good. SHOCKING OCCURRENCE AT A BREWERY.—Ou Tuesday evening an inquest was held at Lynn e on the body of Mr. Thomas 011ett, brewer to Messrs. E d v rard and Sons, evidence it a p. seen abo ill ut dwohmoohdaodoplipeeenrsfoofunthde tblretwmeroyr.ninigrodrorewt.liaee Td : tu v ue a sg s dhat l ye a r s , t about morning, te n one a q o u f ar t t h e e r and o,el 0 t o h k a , t not peered that the deceased 1 1 . ) .:lu o i r -n e in ei g g t h o t b;l lo f e a k st ,o h n is in search of him. Near the copper his went after stria search his body was discovered hat was found, and which was a large one, nearly ten in the copper, eight feet of water inside. ' rhe feet deep, with seven or body was taken out and medical aid secured, I )ut life gauge was found was extinct. It is thought that, as a gone to th copper, which in the water, d e ceased had used after having nu 1 was about to be again the purpose of ascertainingc erg°n° certain repairs, for overbalanced the quantity of water in it, an d that be overbalanc e d himself and fell in head foremost. The jury gave as their verdict "Found drowned , tho j ury believin.- it to be accidental." The deceased had been brewer to the establishment wife and family.—B ?tr for some years, and has left a y Post. OLD TOURIST. t o w hil e "Pray, waiter, is there any thin g away the time until the dinner hour ?"Waiter.— " Yessir ; which would you please to take, sir r.. 'Y or spirits, six r " ' ,---.Punch, GABIB, ,DIERS. The following extract is from a letter written by Colonel H. A. Leveson, of Garibaldi's Staff, an officer whose experience in India and the Crimea entitles him to express an opinion on the soldierly qualities of the volunteer army : " The Royal Palace, Naples, Sept. 10. " The first game of the rubber is over. The second will shortly begin ; and Rome, once more to be' the mighty city,' will be the stake. Our gallant chief has triumphed ; and well has he done his work, for never in the history of the world h&s a noble cause been so efficiently conducted, or so great an end attained with so little means. Never has a nation so shaken off the galling yoke of tyranny as has the Italy of to-day. Has not the spirit of freedom flashed like a meteor through the land ? For what far-seeing politician could have dreamed of wha was looming in the future, when the standard of Italy was first unfurled by that gallant band on the shore of Sicily ; or what military leader, however enthusiastic in our sacred cause, would have prog nosticated success when our scanty few, ill-equipped, and without a single cannon, or even a troop of horse, landed at Melita, and our adversary was known to have 80,000 well disciplined troops to bring against :us ? Mark our course ! Reggio fell ; St. Giovanni, Scylla, Torre del Cavallo, capitulated; Pizzo, Monteleone, Maida, and Torriola were taken possession of, and at Soveria a corps d'aiynee of in fantry, cavalry, and artillery threw down their arms on the approach of a worn• out force of inferior numbers, which they could have scattered and driven into the sea had they been only properly , handled. " 'Avanti!" a.vanti !' was ever our leader's cry ; and in a fortnight from our landing the kingdom was won, and I am writing from my quarters in Bomba's palace ! Is it not like a dream ? Turr has gone on ahead, with about 800 men, to gain intelligence of the movements of the King, who is supposed to be at Gaeta contemplating a junction of his troops with those of Lamoriciere. Little care we, for the entire nation is roused ; her sons have girt up their loins to fight, and the Pope's minions might as well attempt to stay the flow of the Tiber with their breath as the movement for liberty, which is spreading like wildfire over the land. ";Were you only to see the faces round me, I am sure you could not doubt our ultimate success. Fathers and sons have come from their homes to gether to shed their blood for their country's right, and old grey haired men, with bowed gait and trembling steps, may be seen struggling along by the side of beardless boys, whose puny strength is scarcely sufficient to enable them to support the weight of their rifles. Yet look what the spirit of freedom has effected ! The young and the old have alike made forced marches that would have tried the best troops of a regular army, and in spite of their almost desperate condition never lost heart for a moment. Many who are scions of noble houses, and have been brought up in every comfort, have trudged along the greater part of the distance, bare footed and in rags that scarcely covered their naked ness ; their ordinary fare being a scanty allowance of black bread, rank cheese, onions, and sour wine, or the fruits they could pick up on the line of march, for we have no commissariat, and scarcely any means for even the conveyance of our spare ammunition. Yet murmurs were seldom heard, and when the men have begun to fall out from exces sive fatigue and privation, many a time have I found the name of Italy, or a stave from one of our Garibaldian chants, sufficient to reinspire them and cheer them on their way. One after another would take up the air, and as the chorus swelled the ranks would be reformed and the column move on. There is indeed a spirit roused through the length and breadth of the land that nought can check : even the women would fight were there need. The name of an Englishman has become a passport which everywhere ensures a hearty welcome, for the Italians are fully cognisant of what the British people have done for the cause of Italy, and it will never be forgotten. " Never do I believe that an army marched through a country committing so little damage as ours has done. With the exception of a little fruit having been plucked by the roadside, the army have left no trace of their having passed through the land. I have not heard of a single case of out rage or plundering in any one of the many villages ,we have passed. This shows the class of men who form our ranks, and reflects the highest credit on the army of Italy and our chief. " You would have laughed to see us as we made our first appearance in this glorious city ; our whole kit consisting of the one red shirt, stained purple from perspiration, and the grey linen trousers we wore ; yet we were received with the utmost en thusiasm, and in the evening many a dust-covered travel-worn soldier of Garibaldi might have been seen rolling along in the carriages of the aristocracy, surrounded by fair faces ; and loud and long were the vitas of the crowd whenever we made our appearance. Night after night the city has been illuminated, and the furore seems scarcely to have diminished. We had a funeral ceremony at Cosenza en the 6th, to commemorate the death of the Bandiera brothers, who were shot in a ravine close to the town by the Bourbons in 1838, and who died like men, crying ' Viva l'ltalia!' The whole of Turr's division paraded, and several orations were delivered suitable to the occasion." FRANCE AND ROME. The following is a translation of the article in the Constitutionnel of which a telegraphic summary has already appeared in our columns : " The Catholic world is anxiously expecting the resolu tions which recent events may inspire to the Sovereign Pontiff. It is no longer possible to call in question the in fluences which tend to induce the Pope to leave Rome. Will those influences succeed ? A very proximate result will answer the question. "We admit the full gravity of the events which are actually taking place in the States of the Church, and we understand the emotion they have caused at the Vatican. But because a brutal aggression has been committed against the Papal territory, is that a reason why the Pope should quit his capital, which is the metropolis of Catholicism ? As long as Rome remains to the Papacy it will not be dethroned. Is not Rome the real seat of the temporal and spiritual power of the Church ? Is she not the glorious inheritance of St. Peter? Doubtless the provinces which surround it are a precious addition to that imperishable gift, like the right of which it is the human monument. "But those provinces may be restricted or increased ac cording to circumstance, without tho patrimony of the suc cessors of St. Peter being touched or the principle of its sovereignty. There are in the world 200,000,000 of Catho • lies, who will say to themselves, The Holy Father is at Rome ; he can bless the whole world from the summit of the Quirinal; therefore he is a Sovereign. " And, therefore, let it be well observed, in the condition in which the Pope is now placed, his sovereignty is all the more sure, because it is guaranteed by the honour of France. There is at Rome a body of troops whose commander and men are ready to die to protect the safety and the authority of the Holy Father. It is the most powerful Catholic na tion of the world which mounts guard at the gates of the Vatican, and which renders invincible, like itself, the seat of the political independence of the Head of the Church, placed under the protection of its sword. it Why, then, should the Pope leave Rome ? Is it be cause France did not oppose the aggression of Piedmont by force of arms ? France blamed the conduct of that Power ; she recalled her ambassador from Turin; she publicly dis avowed an act which she considered a violation of the law of nations. Could she do more? Ought we, as some Legitimist journals declare, to have thrown 100,000 men into Italy to defend the Papal territory ? It would have been tantamount to assuming a position in Italy which we denied to Austria. By such an intervention we should have become the dominator of Italy. The feel ing of Italy would have rejected us, the feeling of Europe would have suspected us. IVe should thereby have altered our whole policy and lost the esteem and respect of the people we have liberated, our part of moderator and libe rator. " Nothing, therefore, can be so:out of place as to ask France to declare war on Piedmont. France has increased her body of t roo p s a t Rome ; she will combat revolution if it dares to approach that city ; it is her right as a Catholic) Power; by extending her interference beyond that sho would become a suspicion to Europe and hateful to Italy. " Why, moreover, ask from France what Austria herself did not think fit to do ? Does Austria intervene in the States of tt e Church ? No ; she confines herself to a diplo matic protest, and iu the blame she throws on Piedmont she has been anticipated by France. " We therefore still hope that tho Pope will not resort to the advice given him, it must be said, in hatred to French influence. Should he, however, give in, it would be, in our cpinion, a great misfortune for the Church; but suc h a step would not alter our duty, and Franco would always be ready to show its respect and devotion to the Head of the Church. She would always be ready to repair faults the responsibility of which does not rest with her." FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE GREAT NORTHERN RAlLWAY. — Ycsterday morning a distressing and fatal accident happened at the Doncaster station of the Great Northein Railway to a man name d Foster, a foreman em ployed over the litters at the plant-works adjoining the station. The man was s t an di ng upon the down line as the No .6goods train was coming up, and without having his attention attracted by the approaching train, the driver of which whistled to warn him of his danger, he stood still, it is believed, absorbed in thought, and the engine struck him and threw him upon the line. The wheels of the engine passed over both legs below the knees, and severed them from the body. Concussion of the brain and other injuries were so frightful that the poor fellow died in a few minutes after the arrival of Mr. R. Sykes, the company's surgeon. An inquest on view of the body was held last evening before Air, blin Lister, tlio borogb, comer.