The Sun. — London, England, 1869-09-30 00:00:00

SPALY AND THE UI%'I7ED STAI ES. (Frc , rn !le Ang7o. A7ncri:an Times.) Had the position in which the Times represents Gen. SICKLES to have placed himself been accurately described, itwould have raised a storm of indignation in the United States. If that journal had been right the American Minister at Madrid, presuming on the weakness of Spain, addressed a letter to its Admini stration so dictatorial in spirit, as to be described by the Times correspondent as a regular dressing, and by the Ambassador himself as plain-speaking from a soldier to soldiers. Now a good dressing might not be a bad thing to administer to the Spanish Government, and there are thousands of General SICKLES'S countryme❑ prepared to sustaii him in such a course, believing that in thus acting he only would do his duty. But the Times goes on to an nounce that, alarmed at the flame he had kindled in Spain, he telegraphed for further instructions from Washington, pending which he had expressed his desire to withdraw his note altogether. In that case the thousands of his countrymen who would have upheld him in his arrogance would be annoyed beyond measure at such a course; and instead of sup port, certainly on Lis head would fall their severest denunciations. The dictatorial tone of his despatch will give all the greater offence to another large portion of his countrymen that it is addressed to a weak power, while every American could not but feel humiliated should it appear that a Minister of their's, after having addressed a bullying note to any Government, had withdrawn the objec tionable communication, when the reply was a haughty national defiance. While this is the con struction to be put upon what the Times says, we have reason to think the circumstances not only little known in Printing-home Square, but completely misunderstood as regards America. It is evident that General SICKLES did write such a note, and that he was authorized to make a pro position by his Government. It is also evident that that proposition did not propose a money pay ment to Spain to retire front Cuba, but that it urged better treatment for the Cubans, and hinted distinctly at the recognitiOn of the insurgents as bel ligerents by the United States if the war continued. The meaning of this recognition appears to be wholly misunderstood in Spain, or perverted by the Government to serve their ends, for all the papers fiercely took the matter up, as an announcement by the Republic that it was about to declare the inde pendence of Cuba, and to despatch privateers from the ports of the United States to carry comfort and aid to the insurgents, and destruction to the com merce of Spain. Some went so far as to state the number and class of vessels ready in New York to sail as privateers, and naturally the deepest indig nation was created throughout the country, and a resolution taken to defend the colony with the whole force of Spain, and to lose it fighting honour- ably to the last, leaving only a smoking heap of ruins behind. That the question did come up of the retirement of Spain, on receiving a payment in compensation for the Government buildings and such other property surrendered, is evident from the message of General SICKLES to his Government, but his note seems to have so roused Spanish pride that he was obliged to inform the PRESIDENT that on no such basis, or, indeed, upon any other, would Spain deign to treat with America, adding this paragraph, " that the Spanish Cabinet declined to consider any proposition from America at present." The Secre tary of State, Mr. FISH, disgusted at the bungle made by General SICKLES, if we are to believe the New York World, insists on his recall, and the herald's Washington correspondent believes the Administra tion will repudiate the action he has taken. In estimating the value of this it should be known in Englandthat the World hates General SICKLES, mis representing everything connected with him. That the General exceeded his authority is believed ; and that his manner of doing so was a mistake may be judged from the result, while it is incomprehensible how he could have asserted that Austria and France will support Spain. What the measure of support is Austria could give to anything outside her own border we cannot imagine, and a man must little know thie Emperor of the FREcCII who_gugnagea States to uphold the colonial misrule of Spain in Cuba. Whatever may be result of the quarrel if the United States accept the gauntlet thrown down by Spain, singte-handed - Spain will have to boar the shock. The Washington Administration may or may not be annoyed at the po,ition in which its Minister at Aladrid had placed it; but what the action of the nation will be if Spain maintains her present defiant toneis not difficult to predict. The as sembly of a large Spanish army in Cuba, the con tinuation of a war, remarkable for atrocity even among those of Spain, and the cry that will arise from the suffering Cubans will surely touch with fire a train as combustible and as explosive as any in Spain; and the Spaniards in Cuba may, before they have time to take back the gauntlet so foolishly cast down, find themselves confronted by an American army, and llavannah blockaded by an American fleet. That the PRESIDENT and his Cabinet will earnestly endeavour to avoid being driven to this extremity may be taken for granted ; for the last thing to which a really good man will resort to is war, who knows war as does GRANT, nor can any human being tell when once begun where it will end, or whom the vortex may involve. But Ame rican pride will be greatly wounded if the course ascribed to Gen. SICKLES has been really taken, and while making every allowance for Spanish indigna tion no country will lightly endure thus being bearded, in a cause, too, which is more than any other calcu lated to enlist the national sympathy. That the Washington Administration has foreseen and pro vided for some such contingency is shown by the activity which for many weeks past has prevailed in the navy-yarrds. We learn by the latest mail accounts that every ship qualified had been got ready to be commissioned, that all officers are or dered to hold themselves prepared for active ser vice. The recent tour of Secretary ROBESON and Admiral PORTER around these yards was to hurry the work, and the United States are prepared with a fleet that would soon sweep everything Spanish out of the Antilles. Why these sudden prepara tions so opposed to the financial policy of the coun try, if not to meet the very case which has arisen ? and when the Times reasons on the fallacy of going to war to accomplish an end the Republic is sure to attain by time—because . financially it would be a mistake, and because so big a dog can afford to disregard the barkings of a cur—it is but car rying its readers to an erroneous conclusion. It is evident that Americans generally sympathise very strongly with the Cubans ; that they condemn the Spanish misrule in Cuba which has led to the re bellion, and the harsh and cruel means by which the Spaniards endeavour to extinguish it ; that they are in no mood to have their mediation responded to by a defiance, and to see a large army and fleet hurried out to crush the revolt without mercy, as an answer to their pleadings on behalf of the insurgents. Let the readers of the Times picture to themselves what the effect is likely to be of th e C u b an cry To you we appealed in our distress, and you have so far in terfered as to bring upon us the whole force of our relentless enemy." The fact may be relied on, that unless Spain is prepared immediately t o ma k e very considerable concessions, which we by no means assert that she is not, appearances notwithstanding, the flame kindled at Madrid, may run like wildfire across the American Continent, coming back in thunder from the Antilles, to extend perhaps even to the Mediterranean, and resound along the shores of Spain. The telegrams received since the above was in type, instead of disturbing, strengthen our conclu sions. Indeed, the second edition cf the 7 ini&: confirms our opinions :—" The American Govern ment has not repudiated the acts of Gen. SICKLES. He obeyed his instructions. The Goverment sus tains him in the course he has pursued. There is nothing new about Cuba. There is no change in American policy, but caution is urged in dealing with the subject." The rumour i❑ America was that Gen. SICKLES had been instructed to demand from Spain a reply to the note about Cuba ; while the Herald, Times, and Tribune assert positively that the• A dministration approved his course. It should be remembered that the approval- is with the Gene ral's Message before the Cabinet telling how that note had kindled Spanish resentment against America, rousing the Peninsula as one man, the Madrid Administration declining even to con sider a proposition from America at praent. The error of the 7 Imes consists in arguing the question as the subject strikes a bystander ; just as, when two men get into a quarrel, it may appear foolish first to get into the quarrel, next to try and settle it by fists and sticks. But the bystander's reasoning has little effect in pre venting quarrels, and if he argues from the light in his own mind that they will not fight he will be as often wrong as right. it is evident that the Republic has been preparing for the emergency, and it shows little knowledge of Americans to suppose that a Washington Cabinet is going to back out of a position de liberately taken, it being now clear that the Sickles' note was inspired from Washington. The rapid ad vance in the price of gold proves the uneasiness of commerce in New York in view of the situation of affairs, and we adhere to our opinion all along ex pressed, that if peace is to be maintained, it is Spain, not the United States, that has to give way, though America may be willing to erect a golden bridge for the retreat of Castilian pride. THE SOCIAL SCIENCE CONGRESS. BRISTOL, WEDNBAbiIt. With ilieiigOur which characterises their sex, the ladies were the first in the field to-day, having met at eleven o'clock, for the purpose, presumably, of arranging the details of the Conference to which Sir Stafford Northcote so happily alludes in the subjoined address. The nature of the proceedings at this early meeting can only be guessed at, for the ladies intend to keep their discussions to them selves. From their daily afternoon sittings the mem bers of the press even are to be excluded—a fact for which, considering that much talking means heavy notes, they are not altogether unthankful. Tho direotion of the Conference is in the hands of Miss Carpenter. Many of the members of the association attended the services in the Cathedral this afternoon, when the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol preached. The President deli vered the following inauEiiar address at eight o'clock in the Victoria Rooms : PRESIDENTS ADDREM In his introductory remarks the right hon. gentleman adverted chiefly to the duties of Parliament with regard to social legislation. " Too much legislative interference must be pernicious ; but too little can scarcely be less so. If I were asked, what at this moment I considered to be the great English problem, I should reply : It is how to makethe best use of Parliamentary Government. We have in Parliamentary Government an engine of the highest capabilities, which may be turned either to good or to bad account according as we understand, or do not understand, the mode of using it. It is, perhaps, to be regretted that we are to prone in the present day to turn to Government and the Legislature for help in matters which we ought to settle for ourselves. At the same time, any candid person, who takes a compre hensive view of our position, must admit that in some respects the intervention of the Government is much more necessary now than it used to be in former times ; and that social questions are assuming such large dimensions that they cannot be adequately dealt with except by the employment of the central administrative machinery. That the discussions of the Social Science Asso ciations will tend to settle this question of legislative intervention there can be no doubt whatever. THE COLONIES, I am glad to see that the relations between England and her colonies are likely to be well discussed. There is no part of the national duty upon which men seem to be so little clear as upon this. One school among us, animated by much the same narrow spirit as that which dictated the old colonial restrictive system, consider that in the interests of the mother country we ought now to cast off our colonies as useless, costly, and embarrassing to keep. Another school consider that, although the colonies ought not to be retained against their will, and ought, if they desire to re main connected with us, to contribute a fair share of the expense of their own defence, it is yet for the general ad vantage of the whole empire that it should , remain entire ; and that, so far as we are concerned, we ought to use our utmost endeavours to place and maintain our colonial rela tions upon a reasonable and stable footing. It is in this latter spirit that we have now to approach the subject. For my own part I must frankly say that I could not have taken the chair as your President, except upon the clear understanding that the object of the Council in inviting this discussion was, not -0 loosen, but to strengthen the bond which unites the different portions of the Empire, by considering in what manner the various difficulties which exist in the _ relations between .the mother country and her colonies may be surmounted, and how the connection may be made to bear the best fruits for us all. The Colonies possess by inheritance and by virtue of their connection with us many advantages which it would bo impossible to create afresh, and of which, therefore, we ought to he very slow to deprive them either by cutting them adrift, or by driving them by mismanagement and neglect to the conclusion that they would do well to detach themselves frcm us. If it were only that their allegiance to the British Crown preserves them from the evils of disputed successions, and furnishes them with a natural arbiter, to whose decisions they can bow upon questions which might otherwise lead to endless bickerings, these are 1711;0 thould not lightly he thrown away. STATE The question of the limits which the law should place on char' able endowments is cne cf rather tressing impor tance, connecltig itself as it does with the practical problem raised by the Endowed Schools Act. It is obviously monstrous - to canto' that every line of a founder's will is to be literally obeyed, two, three, cr four centuries after his death, however complete the change of circumstances may have been, and however foolish, or even mischievous, may now be the working of an originally wise (7ispesition of his property. On the ether hand, it is equally prepos terous to say that a man ought to have an absolute right to leave his property to an individual—to one cf his family to the exclusion of the rest—or to a stranger ' to the exclu sion of every relative that he has—and that, though it may not have been of his own acquirinc, but may have descended to him from a remote ancestor ; but that he ought not to be at liberty to leave it for the benefit of his native place, or for the promotion of some good and - laudable object in which he takes a special interest, and for which, perhaps, he has sacrificed his time, his money, it may be his life itself ; even though he may have accumulated his wealth by his own industry, and may have no near relative with the slightest claim upon him. I suppose I may assume that most per sons will admit that there are material advantages in the permanance which an endowment gives to an institution, and that in the majority of cases—though certainly not in all—the institution gains more •by being endowed than it can be supposed to lose in the way of voluntarysubscriptions which would be given to it if it were not endowed, provided that the terms of the endowment are sufficiently reasen able and elastic to allow of the institution being so managed as to attract general confidence and approbation. On the other hand, an institution richly endowed, but sad dled with conditions which deprive it of such confidence, may not only be itself injured by the endowment, but may become a cause of *public inconvenience by hindering voluntary action in the same field. The State, as it seems to me, would act unwisely in discouraging private endow ments altogether. Yet in encouraging them it would do well to provide against their being so used as to thwart and impede public policy. It is difficult to lay down rules which should secure both these objects ; but I would draw attention to some suggestions, originating, I think with Earl Fortescue, though I am not quite sure that he would cast them precisely in the form in which I invite your consideration of them. It is suggested, first, that there should be a recognised public authority to which all proposed endowments should be referred for accept ance ; and that this authority should have power to cancel the endowment if its acceptance should appear likely to be inconvenient to the public interests. In any case of disallow ance in the lifetime of the intending founder he would simply retain the absolute command of his property. In the case of the disallowance of the terms of a will, the property would follow the testator's disposition of the remainder of his estate. If the public declined to accept it on his terms, they would have no right to claim it on any other. Secondly, when an endowment had once been accepted, the terms should be strictly observed for a limited, but adequate, time after its creation, subject only to the supreme sight of Parliament to interfere in eases of great necessity, and to a general power an the part of the trustees to obtain authority to adapt it from time to time to the varying circumstances of the day, but always in strict conformity with the spirit of the foundation. Thirdly, after the lapse a fixed period, say a century from the time of the foundation, some public authority should be charged with the duty of reporting fully upon the working of the endowment, and of recommending any revision which might appear to be desirable. Such re ports might thenceforward take place periodically, say once in every fifty years, and Parliament be invited to act upon them as a matter of course. Such a system as this would undoubtedly present many advantages if the details could be satisfactorily arranged. At all events it seems to present a fair basis for discussion. EDI:CATION. Education we have contrived, Ithinkunnecessarily,to make ono of the greatest difficulties of the day. It is the avowed, or unavowed antagonism between the spirit of the State and the spirit of the Church in the matter of education, coupled with the circumstance that the educational endow ments of the country are mainly due to Churchmen, that raises so much embarrassment as to the mode of dealing with them. If the voluntary organisation which has hitherto done so much is still to bo main tained and encouraged, some of the questions which are being brought under our notice must be decided, not solely upon abstract grounds, but with reference t o th e v i ews an d f ee li ngs o f those whose ' services we desire to enlist ; and the State must be willing for the sake of getting its work done, to conciliate those through whose aid it hopes to do it. This remark has of course an especial bearing upon the religious question. If religious men andreligious communities are instigated by religious motives to throw themselves into the work of education as into a labour of love, it may be well worth the while of the State, as a mere matter of secular policy, to encourage and to supplement their efforts for the sake of obtaining at a moderate cost the advantage of a machinery which it would have difficulty in creating for itself. In such case it would be quite reasonable that the State should append to it;, offer cf assistance conditions framed wick a view tosccure its proper application and generally to promote the efficiency of the system ; and the voluntary bodies to whom the aid is offered inugt be prepared, if they choose to accept it, to ac cent the conditions with it. Such an arrangement will, almost vably, involve coneessiens on both sides. These niay hononeably be male for the common good, if they do sacrifice of principle, and if , b y making may be atta aban don •e ffiu en fined. I am re l uctant to ibii..ects;cy s a of combined governm en t a l and voluntary t not n n tare ion—so very unintelligible to some minds, b u t so very t h r relation socialdon , e action—so to the nation. I rimduposed to coun se l th e sup :x-t questionse and to go to the utmost points of concession to whi c h th ey can fairly advance, rather thanrs allow t of f t to the make ak voluntarye g reat e r efforts priliciP than le in hy lamon have t yeto superseded and driven from the field hy e dir s e c o l t ve c s lo t v o ern be . meat agency. I am disposed, on the other hand, to urge the Government to refrain from taking upon itself the ex clusive responsibility for any clash 'of work which . it can get fairly well done by well-regulated and well-aided voluntary agency; a° Iwould impress upon an Id im association such as this my stronz conviction that it may render most vs.:nat . :le service by endenvouring to remote the thorough and temperate discussion of the points which havo to be settled in tho various controversies between the advocates of State action, and the advocates of voluntau action. witbkvriew to hssmoniso tho two.", THE SUN; LONDON, TIMITSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 30, 1869 TAE PUBLIC HEALTH. The President attached the highest importance to the De partment of Public Health, for no amount of individual care,or of individual skill,can do what is wanted in this matter. "Com bined action is necessary to secure to the great masses of our population the first conditions of a sound sanitary state to check the propagation of infectious disorders, to prevent over-crowding in dwelling-houses, to provide an adequate supply of pure and wholesome water, and otherwise to bring all the forces of civilisation into play in order to counteract the evils which civilisetion' brings in its train. It is much to be regretted that we have not as yet a tho thorougly well organised department of the Government, charged with the duty of superintending our sanitary sys tem. Therein, I am convinced, abundance of work for a Mini ster of Health. The time is probably at hand when three new Ministries must be created; a Ministry of Health, a Ministry of Education, and perhaps (though on this point I speak with diffidence) a Ministry of Justice. The present day, however, is the day of Royal Commissions ; that of Ministries is yet to come. More than one such commission is now inquiring into questions affecting the public health. The most impel ;ant is that presided over by Sir Charles Adderley, which is considering the consolidation of our very complicated sanitary laws, and the completion ef our system of sanitary organisation. Those who are in the habit of paying attention to the connection between the growth of national habits and the growth of national language, will not /lave failed to notice the recent introduction among-aes of the phrase State medicine, a phrase absolutely new to many of us, and perhaps still imperfectly understood by the general public. Let me, by way of giving an idea of what it is, quote the list of subjects which, as a committee of the General Medical Council inform us, have been suggested as groper for the examination of candidates desiring to take out a diploma in State medicine, and to enter the Public Medical Civil Service. They are : Forensic Medicine, Toxicoloey, Morbid Anatomy, Psychological Medicine, Laws el Evidence, Preventive Medicine, Vital and Sanitary Statistics, Medical Topography, and certain portions of Engineering Science and Practice. State Medicine, in short, as a member of the committee well expresses it, consists in the application of medical knowledge and skill to the benefit of communities, which is obviously a very diCerent thing from their application to the benefit of individuals in private or curative medicine. It is difficult to assign a limit to the demands which the State might with advantage make upon the time and intelligence of a Well-organised Medical Civil Service. These remarks naturally suggest two reflections. In the first place we seem to want a body of men able to withdraw themselves without inconvenience from the engrossing demands of private practiCe, and to devote themselves to the especial study of the public questions which require medical attention. In the second place, when we have got our Medical Civil Service, bow are we to turn it to the best account ? If we are to have an organised medical staff spread over the face of the land, some kind of local organisation will be required for it ; the machinery cannot be wholly worked from London. Few greater advantages could be conferred on England than a well-considered framework of local self-government, charged with the administration of most of those matters of which this association takes cognisance —of justice, of health, of education, of charitable trusts, and so forth— subject to due control by the supreme central power." THE AGRICULEUUAL LABOURER. Passing to the department of Economy and Trade, the right honourable gentleman devoted much attention to the agricultural labourer difficulty. "By some," he said, "it is contended that as the tiller of the soil is paid less than he ought to have, the supply of labour must be in excess of the demand, and therefore the State ought to promote and encourage emigration, in fact to give it direct assistance. But admitting that the younger and more active might, with advantage to themselves, emigrate more largely than they do, it still remains a question whether the State should aid them in the matter. It should no doubt as far as possible remove any artificial obstacles which impede their freedom of action, and should take care that every one has fair play ; but to give an artificial stimulus to emigration, for the purpose of reducing the supply of labour in this country, appears to me to be a policy not hastily to h e adopted. The business of farming is like any other busi tress, and must be subject to the same general condition s as the business of cotton-spinning, ship-building, or machine making. If a man is to conduct his business at all, he must contrive to conduct it to a profit. For this purpose he must economise his outlay ; he must spend no more than is necessary to produce his result; he must not buy costly implements if cheaper ones will do equally well; neither must he employ more labourers than are sufficient to do his work; nor can he afford to pay them more than their work is worth. If then a philan thropist were to go to a farmer and say "Your wages are too low ; you are giving your men only Ios. a week, and you ought to raise the amount to 155.," the farmer would reply, "If I am to add 50 per cent. to what I pay for my labour, and am to get no better return than I get now, I shall be ruined ; and I don't see why I should ruin myself to please you." The answer to this, of course, is that he need not be ruined, for that by paying his labourers better he would get more work out of them ; that ten men, at 15s. a week, would do as much work as fifteen men at 10s., and would cost no more ; and that, if ho were put to it, he could find many ways of making up for the less he would iu the first instance sustain by the rise of wages, as for example the introduction of more machinery and the diminution of the number of hands by that means. But it remains to be proven how far increase of pay would produce a proportionate increase of work. And, moreover, if by improved machinery a number of hands can be dis pensed with, what would become of those who would be turned off ? The one thing needed is that the labourer should have opportunity to improve himself, that his work should be paid for in such a manner as to make it his interest to do his best, that he should be encouraged to form habits of 0 P;.9 , =. , .•.. ; - - 1 -pilndence, and should be made to to it hisAVt . l i f ri fact, : to ;-• ; eralC dual, and to make him work cut his own improvement. I take my side, not with the believers , in the trades union system, but with the believers in pic:.T-worl:. Not that I dispute or doubt the reasonableness of such an organisation of labour as is sufficient to protect the indi7i dual labourer against the possible exactions of the ea: I talist ; if trades unions or labour unions could be confined to that object they would be deserving of respect and sym pathy. But when they go further and demand of their own members that they should limit their individual exer tions so as not to produce more cr to earn more than their fellows, they introduce a principle at once unjust and dangerous. The theory of co-operation is indeed a beautiful one, but it seems better suited to tho Republic of Plato than to the atmosphere of this work-a day world. It will no doubt commend itself to those who abhor what they call privileges, who prefer equality to liberty, and who look to the State to exercise the evils of the inequality which Nature has unhappily inflicted on the human race. This is the theory which finds its latest expressions in the proposal of one of the societies repre sented at the late National Labour Congress at Philadel phia, " that when an employer refused to make an advance in wages or a reduction in the hours of labour, the State should employ such workmen." I presume that in such case the workmen would both fix the amount of wages they would like to receive and name the amount of work they would like to do in return, leaving the taxpayers to make up the difference between the two sides of the account. It is a theory which may well find advocates. But to many of us, I hope to the majority of us, individual freedom and fair c ompe titi on are th e very b reat h of our nostrils, and long may it be ere we are deprived of them. What I have said of the artificial system of the trades union applies, I think, at least in a degree, to the artificial system of assisted emigration directed to the diminution of the supply of labour. Ido not believe that in this country there is a real surplusage of labour. Population advances very much less rapidly than does the accumulation of capital ; and were it not for the very rapid increase of machinery our labour supply would now be extremely deficient. I look for the improvement of the condition of our labourers generally, and of that of the agricultural labourers among them, to the free play of in dividual competition under favourable circumstances rather than to any artificial remedy. But do these favour able circumstances exist? Has the agricultural labourer really fair play? Has he the opportunity for raising him self ? Has he the inducement to exert himself ? I fear we cannot give a wholly satisfactory answer to these ques tions. I cannot doubt that the system of the Poor Law, taken as a whole, ha s exerc i se d an d s till exercises a deadening influence upon our labourers, or that it tends g rea tl y to neutra li se t h e whole some spirit of competition and self-reliance which it is so important to arouse. If the labourer be trained in his youth to recognise the duty of laying by a provision for his old age, if he be early taught prudence, and fore sight, and self-denial, and if at the same time the means are provided him of inve s ti ng hi s sav i ngs w ith p er f ec t security, which he, has now great difficulty in doing, a great step would be taken in advance; and if his employers be brought to see the wisdom of so regulating his wages as to enable him by additional labour to earn additional remuneration, and so encourage him to increased industry, the heavy weight of pauperism which now oppresses the energies of our people might to a very groat extent bo shaken off. The means for commencing this are not far to seek. The Government may develope tho bene ficent system of the Post-office Savings' Bank, for which we are so largely indebted to the present Prime Minister, and may protect the labourer from that great evil which is the cause of such frequent sufferings to him—the loss of his savings in ill-managed or fraudulent sick clubs. The employer may make more use than he now commonly does of the great engine of piece -work; and the landlord may co-operate with him by the improvement of his cottages, and by the extension of the garden allotment system. Whether the peasantry of England would gain any real advantage from an attempt to convert them into the owners of land is, I think, very doubtful ; but there can be no doubt that it is of great advantage to them to be enabled to occupy small allotments of land at a moderate rent." TAR DUTY OF PARLIAMENT. After some remarks approving of the Ladies' Con ference as a means of collating the distinct and inde pendent views of a sex which must regard many ques tions in a light different from that of men, and strongly insisting upon the necessity of devising some means to check the shocking cruelty to cattle which has recently come before the public notice, the President concluded by again warning his audience of too much reliance on legislation. "It would be foolish and even wrong to neglect the great advantages which we may derive from the judicious employment of the central machinery of Government in many even of those matters hem which it was once an article of the national creed that the Government should ho jealously excluded. But our employment of State agcncy should be limited, I think, by t No considerations. First, we should consider how far by i rtrusting the Government with secondary functions we ran the risk of hindering or embarrassing it in the discharge of its primary functions ; how far, by making it our agent f economical, commercial, or social purposes, we place difficulties in the way of the proper performance of its political duties. It would be- a very questionable gain if for the sake of getting our railways more economically mmaged, or our municipal affairs better regulated, we were to infuse into our parliamentary elections, and through them into the selection of our political rulers, a of commercial jobbery, or to trammel the march of oar Imperial policy by the necessity cf conciliating local interests. Secondly, wo should consider whether, by throwing upon the State responsibilities which we ought to undertake as individuals, we may not detract something from the energy of personal character which has done so much to make our country what she is. I do not wish to close my eyes to our shortcomings; I do not wish to enrol myself among the blind worshippers of the British Philis tine; I do not deny that we have been led by a spirit of insular pride and insular prejudice to undervalue the 1e43Q124 which sense foreign nations 'night havo taunt tri as to the actvuntages Of a more porrOtt organisation and of a more systematic development of our resources, or that we aro suffering for our neglect. I do not doubt that wo have much to learn, and much to de, in order to keep, perhaps in some respects to recover, our place among the nations. But while we are bent on improving our machinery let us take care that we do not weaken the mainspring of our greatness. The proud position of England is due not to the accident of circum stances, but to the character of her people. If she derives advantages from her mineral wealth, it is because her sons have known how to turn it to account ; if she is the home of manufacturing industry, it is because the ingenuity and the perseverance of her sons have made her so ; if she holds the empire of the seas, it is because her sons have won it for her. She enjoys, it is true, the blessings of a noble Constitution ; but it is a Constitution of which the merit lies less in the framework than in the spirit by which it is animated. It has, indeed, undergone many changes ; men say that it has been destroyed over and over again ; none would venture to predict through how many more of such destructions it is destined to pass. But the spirit of her people remains unbroken, and in that unbroken spirit there still lives the greatness of England. Legislate as you will ; organise, educate, develope the advantages of co o2eration, economise labour, shew how skill may be made t ) do the work of strength ; but amidst all your improve me As bear one caution steadily in mind,—Beware of destroying or of enervating the individual energies of Eaglishmen." MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. LORD CLARENDON'S SPEECH. The Times does not contain any editorial comments on the Foreign Secretary's speech at Watford, but most of the other papers express their satisfaction at his closing remarks, in which he declared his belief that at no time within the last three years have we had a fairer prospect of maintaining the inestimable blessings of peace. The Post considers that this assurance is no less trust worthy than acceptable, " for Lord Clarendon would certainly not venture upon such a statement had he not the best grounds for making it." The Daily News declares that the speech possesses great political im portance in its bearing both upon external and on in ternal affairs. The News takes credit for its Paris correspondent's statement on Monday, which was in part corroborated by Lord Clarendon, and asserts that the emphasis with which the announcement was made shews that no ordinary pledges had been given, and per haps securities taken, of a purpose to avoid war. The Star considers that the Foreign Secretary has spoken a word in season ; it cannot believe in the probabi lity of war, thinking that this danger, if such there really be, will soon have passed away. The Telegraph contents itself with discussing the Irish remarks of the noble Earl. In England "landlord " and "tenant" denote one thin°. ; in Ireland they signify another. The one word does not denote absolute unqualified ownership ; the other does not imply the complete absence of a proprietary right. Let that fact, says our contemporary, be firmly grasped, and we shall have made the first step towards such a solution of the Irish land difficulty as that indicated by Lord Clarendon. LORD HARTINGTON'S POSITION. When the Marquis of Hartington succeeded, on. the 7th of June, 1859, in carrying his vote of "no confidence" in the Derby Government by a majority Ile was looked upon by a large number of Liberals as " the coming man." The noble lord's two speeches on the Irish land question, which he has recently made at Sheffield and Lismore, again brings his name prominently forward as the future leader of the Liberal party. The London correspondent of the Manchester Guardian says it is clear that Lord Hartington goes in for the lead. No man at his age has in our time had such odds in his favour. Ancestry, wealth, connection, and early training to official business place him in such a position in Parliament and in society that, if he has the talent and judgment to avail himself of it, he has hardly an aristocratic rival. In his speech at Lismore, the future head of the house of Cavendish is felt to have taken a stand on the land question which will ere long rally round him the elements of a social coalition whose power it were absurd to undervalue. At the Cutlers' Feast, the noble Marquis bid in terms unmistakable for a fusion of interests and classes ; and there is no mistake about it that his appeal has gone home to the heart not only of Toryism, but of the moneyed class, whose instincts daily tend more and more to range them on the side of the owners of land. A splendid future is placed within the range of the noble lord. It remains to be seen how he will play a hand in which there arp all the honours. A COMING STRUGGLE. Before it is definitely known whether Mr. Mon eroiff is to be the new Lord Justice-Clerk, prepara tions aro already being made for the expected vacancy in the representation of the Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities. The Conservatives have fixed upon Mr. Gordon as their candidate, the acting committee who promoted his canvass at the general election having unanimously resolved to request him to allow his name to be put in nominativi, biberals will in I _ who is spoken of as the new Solicitor-General. Mr. Gordon is very popular in Glasgow, and his defeat last December was generally attributed to the resig nation of the Conservative Government just prior to the closing of the poll. The North British Mail does not believe it is likely that Mr. Gordon will stand. The Conservative party is out of power, so that the seat could be of no immediate use as a stepping -stone to the Cabinet or to the bench. It is stated that Mr. Clark is already engaged in a vigorous canvass. Another candidate on the Conservative side is spoken of in the person of Sir William Maxwell, who sustained a severe defeat in Perthshire at the last election. TILE BLACKBURN LIBERALS. The members of a local association, called the " Cobden Club," have been enjoying themselves at a" tea par at Blackburn. Some speechify ing took place ty afterwards, copious laudations being showered on Mr. Gladstone and Mr. Bright for their share in passing the Irish Church Act. Mr. son of Sir John Kay-Shuttle worth, addressed himself p r i nc ip a lly t o th e Irish land Kay-S hu w tt h le ic w h or h th e , subject, regarded as the question of the hour. He referred to the consequences of the con flict between English law and Irish habits, i and de scribed the character of te nan t- r i g ht as it s under stood in Ulster. lle concluded by saying that all the special enactments which press heavily on the Irish tenant, and placed Roman Catholics on an inferior social status, ought to be repealed. Mr. R. Shaw, M.P., express e d his disagreement with Professor Rogers as to the scarcity of Conservative working men ; he attributed Toryism invariably to two causes—class selfishness, or political ignorance. that the present Government wou ld c o n tinue to reduce the hoheppreesswenetre expressed by several speakers enormous expenditure of the country. THE PECCANT BOROUGHS. d e n c e given a commonplacet exceedingly Th eevißridgwater on Tuesday was after the startling.revela tions which had been previously made. It is now clear that the most extensive bribery prevailed at Patton's two .elections, several voters having sworn to receiving £lO on each occasion. Mr. Lovi bond, a Liberal solicitor, made a statement to the effect that about half-past twelve on the day of the-last election he told Mr. Kinglake that the fight was lost, upon which the latter gentleman made up his mind to return to London, and Dr. Kinglake said he should go to Taunton. Soon afterwards Mr. Reed asked him whether £3,000 would win the election, but ho answered that he did not believe £O,OOO would do so. He was exceedingly surprised to hear in the afternoon that Kinglake was within twelve of the Conservatives. TM average amount he had received for his services at each election was 253. The principal witness at Norwich was a Mr. Colman, who is a member of a firm employing 1,100 hands. Although a strong supporter of Mr. Tillett, he denied that he influenced any of his men, but in formed them before the election that they could vote as they pleased. Ile knew of no fund for the sup port of any illegal practices, and ho had subscribed to none. Witness supported Sir W. Russell, but was more immediately concerned for Mr. Tillett. lle believed Sir W. Russell received a letter to the effect that money would be supplied from London for the purpose of carrying the election on the Conservative side. His impression was that the money was coming from the Carlton, or some Conservative club. TENANT-DIGUT DEMONSTRATION. The great demonstration at Maryborough in favour of granting tenant-right to the Irish farmers did take place on Sunday, and several Roman Catholic priests took part in the proceedings. However much opinions may differ as to the propriety of ecclesiastics dis cussing land tenure on Sunday, there can be no doubt that the reverend gentlemen spoke to some purpose. An outline of the proceedings has been given - alreaiy, but one shocking case of "landlordism," which appears in the speech of the Rev. Mr. O'Keefe, deserves notice. A. -.tenant, whose family had held the farm for many generations, and who had effected vast improvements in the property, died, leaving a Young lady of 18 a. 3 the orphan heires. She married, and eight days afterwards was evicted from the home of her fathers by a troop of soldiers, in the name of the sheriff. Some months after I received a note summoning me tc her new house in Tipperary. I gazed upon that face—that once lovely face—the intellectual brew, the sweet, hcauti• ful cast of features. The lines cf beauty were still :narked enough; yet there was an expression of care and sorrow She was dead, and I was breught to chant her raptiena (Intense sensation and excitement.) Ton thousand men brought her back, and they buried her with her fathers. in the ruined, ivy -clad abbey on the farm, and there she sleeps enjoying a mournful sort of tenant possession until the angel-trumpet shall summon Maggy Cormick and e noble marchioness, who will then learn that there is a higher, a juster, and a purer law than the law of eviction in Ireland. The motive of that eviction was vengeance fos Cormick's conduct at the election of '52. The motive was not concealed, but openly avowed in a letter 'written from Ghent, where the family were staying. THII TRIStI A. splonciii act of munificence towards the disen dolVed Irish Church is reported. Lord - Poiverscourt has announced his intention of purchasing the rent charge on all his estates, and of devoting it to the re-endowment of the churches on his property. The value of this gift to the disestablished Church is esti mated at from £lB,OOO to £1.9,000. Lori Powers court was bitterly reproached by his grandfather, Lord Roden, for his " apostacy " on the question of the Irish Church. This is his reply. THE EUROPEAN ASSURANCE COMPANY. The shareholders and policy holders of the Euro pean Assurance Company residing in Sheffield and the neighbourhood held a meeting in that town op Tuesday. The meeting was called by Mr. Earle, n policy-holder, who said that he did not wish to excite any angiy feeling, but he thought the time had come for legislative interference in ore.ei that the directors might not be able to do a they liked with the funds entrusted to them He proposed a resolution to the effect that the imme diate publication of the assets and liabilities of the company by the directors was the only way to allati the uneasiness of the policy-holders. Aldermal Saunders, the district manager of the society supported the resolution, but advised the policy holders to wait a-s calmly as possible the resell of the Chancery proceedings. He believed the com pany was solvent, and would be able to meet al demands upon it. Every claim submitted to it up tc last Wednesday had been duly paid, and he believed the alarm had been much exaggerated, the liabilitie: having been overstated. After some rather angry dis cussion the meeting was adjourned, pending the resub of the proceedings in Chancery. THE PROSECUTION OF MR. VOYSEY. The Archbishop of York has taken the first form& step in the Chancery Court of York against the Rev Charles Voysey for heresy, letters of request having been lodged by the Archbishop in the Registry. The first general charge is that Mr. Voysey denies there was any sacrifice for sin, any need of reconciliation or for the mediation of Christ Extracts in support of the charge-are given from Mr Voysey's sermons, which contain many passages like the following :—" The doctrine of God's pouring out His wrath upon His beloved Son for our sakes is perhaps the most revolting of ia the popular I:slid's." In a sermon on " Justification by Faith," Mr. Voysey says: " Sincere 'sorrow for sin is, or ought to be, enougir to make a man quite reconciled and at_ peace with God, at least so our Lord teaches. We do not, therefore, need any atonement nor any justification." It is alleged against Mr. Voysey, in the second place, that he has preached and published sermons contra dicting the doctrines of original sin, justification by faith, the deity of Christ, the incarnation of Christ, the second coming of Christ, and the inspiration of Scripture. On the " Second Coming " he says :—" The common notion about the coming of God into the world once, and His expected return to judge the world, turns entirely upon the belief in an absent God. It takes its rise in unbelief." Many more extracts are quoted. Mr. Voysey is preparing to answer the charge, which, it is thought, will be b.eard in the ensuing term. INTOLERANCE IN SCOTLAND. A cruel case of intolerance has recently been com mitted by a Scotch clergyman, and one which has rarely been equalled. Two or three days ago a young man was buried in the parish of Arbuthnott, in Kin cardineshire. The minister of the parish was invited to the funeral, the family being members of the Esta blished Church, but the following letter was received instead:— • "Madam,—l was grieved and surprised to receive this morning an invitation to attend the funeral of your son to-morrow. As you never informed mo of his illness, as you never gave me an opportunity of seeing him in life, I feel that it is solemn mockery to ask me as a minister to come and pray beside his lifeless body. I cannot, and will not come. Mr. Cameron will, no doubt, attond.—l rm yours, &c., R. M. SPENCE." It is scarcely credible that at such a moment, when all earthly emotions should give place to thoughts of a different nature, a man, who assumes the name and station of a minister, could be found to inflict such a cruel wound on a mother's heart. But the last sen tence is believed to represent the real grievance. Several of the members of the family had been in the habit of attending on the ministrations of Mr. Cameron, but , this occurred very rarely—such as in wet or stormy weather—and merely because his place of worship was nearer than the parish church. COMPULSORY EDUCATION. The Duke of Marlborough and the Bishop of Oxford have been speaking at Oldham on the ques tion of Education. They agree in denouncing a secu lar and rate-supported system of compul..,ory oduca tion. The existing system, in their opinion, is sufficient, if properly worked out. The loyal adoption of the conscience clause in every denominational r/00 1 Ilut the ground from under those w h o emand a rac ucat ciict • Eery of the country. DEMORALIMG UTERATURE. It would seem that the ghastly tragedy in Paris is to furnish another instance of the demoralising eacts of the literature of crime. The Temps has an article on the subject, in which it draws attention to a statement published in a llaTre paper. Accord ing to this account the murderer Tiaupniann remarked to an acquaintance in that town that the Abbe Rodin, in Eugene Sue's " Wandering Jew," was his ideal. That character in the novel is exclu sively occupied in the extermination of the scattered members of a family in order to obtain their inheritance. The Temps does not charge the memory of Eugene Sue with a share in producing Traupmann's crime, but it thinks that he must be considered the initiator of a class of works which abound at the present day in Prance, and which are demoralising and dangerous. THE DISTRESS IN LANCASHIRE. Mr. Samuel Smith is quite positive that the had state of 'things in Lancashire is owing simply to the fact that an excess of enterprise has been embarked in the cotton manufacture. There is now in the Manchester district 2.i per cent. more machinery than the raw material will supply. Before the American war broke out, Lancashire was very prosperous ; great fortunes were made, and most of the additional capital was invested in fresh looms and spindles. Just when the war broke out the building mania was in full play, and instead of being checked by this catastrophe it went on vigorously during nearly the whole period of the American war, and when that struggle came to an end it found Lancashire able to spin 00,000 large bales (4201 b. each) of cotton per week, in place of 50,000 bales, as in the year before the war. Here is the secret of the matter. The Lancashire folks believed that there would be more cotton grown with free labour than under the slave system, and in so believing committed a grievous error. There is now more capital invested than the business will bear, and the weaker spinners are rapidly going to the wall. THE ADMIRALTY CRUISE. The special correspondent of the Times on board the Agincourt has apparently had quite enough of the pleasures of seafaring life during the cruise of the Lords of the Admiralty. His latest account, dated Queenstown Roads, September 27, bewails the hard fate which kept the Agincourt standing off and under small canvas daring forty hours of an Irish swell off Cape Clear. On Saturday sonic anxiety was felt res pecting the Inconstant, which had not been seen since the gale off Corunna, but happily on Sunday morning she joined the squadron, her delay having been caused b) the loss of both her tillers. Great credit is due to Captain Aplin and his officers for the manner in which they met the disaster by fitting a temporary tiller, besides steering by rudder pendants without going into port. It wa.° fortunate, however, that the gale abated so soon. The Inconstant has been ordered to Pembroke to repair damages, in readiness for the next cruise of the Channel squadron, which will 'commence about the Bth or 9th proximo. Before the ships left their rendezvous off Cape Clear, the Mino taur ranged up close on the starboard quarter of the Agincourt to receive her mail-bag. The manoeuvre was exceedingly well done, and quite worthy of the reputation of a ship which is acknow ledged by all to be one of the smartest and best dis ciplined in her Majesty's navy. THE LOSS OF THE CARNATIC. The Times strongly censures Captain Jones, of the Carnatic, for his conduct in remaining so long by the ship after the wreck had taken place. Without saying anything of the original cause of the disaster, the Times is confident that the captain's supervision wa: the cause of the after mischief. Instead of waiting by the ship for several days before taking to th( boats, the passengers ought to have been got off tlh morning after the vessel struck. Then tin sea was tranquil. The fact was that th, captain stood by the ship in the hope tha aid would come to get her off. " From the account: we have it does not appear that there would hav, been any real danger in reaching the shore for soul: time after the Carnatic struck. The enterprise wa accomplished later without less of life under far mei-, difficult conditions. As yet the reasons he has seg. Bested imply a care only for the ship's safety. 11. appears to have deliberately staked the lives of hi . passengers and crew on th e h azar d o f th e S um atra arrival before the wind rose." AUSTRIA. AND PLUSSIA. The relations between the two great German States ar( looking better. Tho Eastern Budget says that preparation are being made at Vienna for giving a brilliant officia' reception to the Crown Prince of Prussia. Tho whole oI the Corps Diplomatique and other political notabilities are to be presented to him. The same paper gives intelligence from Prague, stating that the Bohemian Diet will be opened on the Ist of October, and, thitt the Ministers— Connt Deust, Count Taaffo, Herr von *Herbst, and Seri von Plener—who are members of the Diet, will be present. Grstrat =MY. The appointment of General Fleury to the Erabassy at St. Petersburg has given rise to various comments. Some say that there is nothing significant in the matter, but others affirm that the selection of the confidential friend of the Emperor, the agent of sccret missions, must be looked upon as serious. It is suggested that he will take advantage of the jealousy with which Russia regards the maritime move ments of Prussia, and the intrigues she carries on in the German-Russian provinces and the Baltic. The General will, it is presumed, persuade Russia to preserve a neutral position in the event of war taking place on the Rhine. THE BELGIAN REVIEW. On the 27th the grand review of the Belgian troops took place, and Brussels was crowded to excess. There were 30,000 men under arms altogether. Many English volun teers were present, and the scene was altogether most brilliant and exciting. When the King returned to the Palace he appeared on the balcony, and was loudly cheered by the people, who had been admitted to the space in front. The King gave a grand military banquet in the evening, and the British Ambassador also gave an entertainment. The national holiday has never been so grandly celebrated in Belgium as on this occasion. TUE DRESDEN TREATRP. The Dresden Theatre was destroyed cn the 21st of Sep tember. The roof of the building was covered with smoke, and in a few minutes flames were seen inside the windows. In about a quarter of an hour the stately building was entirely enveloped in flames. Those engaged in the preparations for the evening's per formance rushed out, and almost before they gained the street the statues on the roof were falling among the Before the first engine appeared no hope was entertained of saving the theatre. Nothing could be done but to observe due precautions with respect to the adjoining buildings. They were drenched with water, but if the wind had not subsided on the day in question, the picture gallery could not have been saved. The fire com menced at noon, and by three o'clock the theatre was a perfect ruin. The loss is supposed to be £15,000, of which little more than a tenth rart is insured. ruins. THE CECIIKENICAL COUNCIL. The Patriarch of Constantinople and the Bishop of Orvieto have arrived in Rome, making sixty-six Fathers of the Council. Cardinal Reisaeli has left Rome for Switzer land. He has injured his health by overwork in the con gregations preparatory to the Council. The Italian Government has stated that the Bishops may go to Rome and attend the Council, but it holds out threats to those subjects who may agree to anything contrary to the spirit of the Italian Constitution The feeling against Rome is more strong than ever in the revolutionary circles of Florence, and it is not deemei advisable for the Bishops to travel throu3l Italy, for fear the mobs in the large towns should hold demonstratiom against them. r "BARON WHITIVORTII." The 1 3 tris‘Gaulois, refering to the baronetcies lately con ferred on the inventor of the "Whitworth cannon, and on Fairbairn, the engineer, asks if the Second Empire will imitate the example and create a Baron Chassepot ? Apropos of " Baron" Whitworth, the Gaulois thinks that if he succeeds in constructing his proposed gun, which, with a charge of 1001 b. of powder, will send a 1,5001 b. shell capable of piercing iron plates a foot thick at a distance of 6,400 metres, France, America, and England will have to break up their iron-coated fleets and sell the pieces for old iron. For such an achievement Baron Whitworth, in the opinion of the Gaulois, deserves, at least, the offer of the English drown: 7 lIE ALI 7 //MN HANDICAPS. THE NEWMARKET Age st lb Romping Girl ... b 9 7 See Saw 4 9 7 Cock of the Walk... 4 (pd) Xi 6 8 10 King Victor 5 8 9 Suffolk 4 8 8 Rosicruciau 4 8 .7. Grimston ... 4 (pd) Vagabond ... 3 8 7 Athena ... ... 4 8 5 Purveyor 4 8 4 President Lincoln 4 8 3 Lictor ... 4 8 3 Rupert ~. ... 3 8 3 Typhon ... ... 3 8 3 Cornet ... 4 8 2 Paul Jones ... 4 (pd) Bel Giorno 4 8 0 Ryshworth 3 8 0 Outfit ... 5 8 0 Islam 3 7 13 De Vero ... 3 7 12 Robespierre 3 7 11 Cardinal York 3 (pd) Cap- a-pie ... 4 7 8 Satyr ... 5 7 8 Tramp 3 7 7 Ladas ... 3 7 7 Tenedos ...3 (pd) Lum'oy 3 7 4 ICTOBER HANDICAP. Age st lb Fugitive ... 3 1 4 Skipjack ... 5 7 3 Ambitious 5 7 3 Border Knight ... 5 7 3 War 6 7 2 Our Mary Ann ... 4 7 2 Brambridge ... 3.. 7 0 Chatelherault 3 (pd) Birthday 3 6 13 Orphan ... ... 3 611 The Laird ... 4 6 11 Curieuse ... 3 6 10 Choral ...4 6 9 Royal Rake ... 3 6 8 Bosworth ... 3 6 7 Young Fenton ... 3 6 7 Sagittarius 3 (pd) Bertha ... ... 3 6 7 Prince ~. ... 3 6 4 Cherie ... ... 3 6 4 Teeswater 3 6 4 Lawrence ... 3 6 4 Wanderer 3 6 3 Vallation g ... 4 6 2 Peabody ... w. 3 6 fr, 0 - Wini f red ... 3 5 13 Vacuum ... ~.3 5 13 The Returned ... 4 510 Aubado 3 5 7 THE CES Age st lb The Palmer ... 5 9 3 See Saw ... 4 8 13 Cecil ... ... 4 8 9 Rosicrucian ... 4 8 9 Kidderminster ... 6 8 9 Cock of the Walk... 4 8 8 Taraban ... 5 8 7 Paul Jones ... 4 8 4 Cap-a-pie ... 4 8 4 Goodwood... ... 5 8 4 Duke of Beaufort... 3 8 0 Fair Wind 5 7 11 Gondolier 4 7 11 Sycee ... 5 7 9 Robespierre ... 3 7 9 Starter ... 3 7 8 Morna ...•3 7 8 Nancy ... 6 7 8 The Laird ... 4 7 8 Siderolite ... 3 7 7 Clemence ... 4 7 7 Legislator ... 4 7 7 Marquis of Carabas 4 7 6 The Special ... a 7 6 Etoile Filante ... 6 7 2 Birthday ... ... 3 7 0 Myosotis ... 3 6 12 John Davis ... a 6 12 Adrastia ... 3 6 12 Robin Rover 3 6 10 Tasman ... ... 3 6 10 THE CAME Age st lb Knight of Garter... 5 10 7 Vespasian 6 10 6 Blue Gown ... 4 9 12 Friponnier ... 5 9 4 7 9 9 er ... R L T o a h s n e j e c P r r e u a t l e n i a 4 6 5 9 9 9 Silenuff 5 9 0 King Alfred 4 9 0 Saladin ... a 8 12 Plaudit ... 5 812 Cecil ... ... 4 8 10 Xi... ... 6 8 10 Charnwood ... 4 8 8 Typhoeus ... ... 4 8 8 Nelusko ...4 8 6 Duke of Beaufort... 3 8 5 Goodwood... 4 8 4 Cornet 4 8 4 Osbaldeston ... 3 8 4 Van Amburgh ... 5 8 3 Morna 3 8 3 Taraban 5 8 3 St Ronan ... 4 8 0 Vagabond... ... 3 8 0 Viscount ... 4 8 0 Bel Giorno 4 8 0 Historian a 8 0 Perry Down ... 3 7 13 Lady Zetland ... 4 712 Cardinal York ... 3 712 Starter ... ... 3 711 Clemence 4 7 11 Robespierre ... 8 7 10 Lacks ... 8 710 Islam 3 7 9 Dunbar ... 3 7 9 Epworth 4 7 9 ... Heather Bell 3 7 8 La Maladetta f 3 7 8 John Leech 4 7 8 Stork ...3 7 7 Fair Wind... ... 5 7 7 Nancy 6 7 6 Benbow 3 7 6 Virgule ... 4 7 6 Border Knight ... 3 7 6 Brambridge 3 7 4 Skipjack 5 7 4 Etoile Filante 6 7 4 Michael de Pascoe 4 7 2 Mdlle. do Fligny f 3 7 1 Adrastia 3 7 BEWITCH Age st lb Phantom ... 4 6 9 Tramp ... ... 3 6 9 Conrade 3 6 9 Prouesse ... 4 6 8 Our Mary Ann ... 4 6 7 Vanichka ... 3 6 7 Ladas 3 6 7 Lopez ... 3 6 6 Stork ...3 6 5 Dodona ...3 6 5 Red Cap a 6 4 Peabody ... 3 6 3 Provider ... ... 3 6 2 Gardener a 6 2 Atonement ... 3 6 0 Vallation g 4 5 13 Red Rice ... 3 5 12 Royal Head ... 3 5 12 Vladimir ... ... 3 5 12 Crown Princess .. 3 5 12 Storm King ... 3 511 Assineboine ... 5 5 10 Miss Peddle colt ... 3 5 9 Lady Evelyn filly 3 5 9 Vacuum ... 3 5 8 K. Alf red's dam f 3 5 7 Cherie ... ... 3 5 7 Lamlash 3 5 7 Toby ... 3 5 7 Aubade 3 5 7 ',IDUESIIIRE Age st lb Numa Pompilius ... 5 6 13 Prior ... ... 3 612 Phantom .. 4 6 12 Standard Bearer 3 612 Robin Rover ... 36 12 'Poison d'Or 3 6 12 Chanoinesse ... 36 10 Miss Dayrell ... 3 610 Bosworth ... 3 6 9 Lopez ... ... 3 6 9 Pompeii ... ... 3 6 9 Macduff ... 4 6 9 Anthee ...4 6 8 Tramp ... ...3 6 8 Defender ... ... 3 6 8 Curieuse 3 6 8 Cocoa Nut... ... 3 6 7 Far Away... ... 3 6 7 Anlace ... 3 6 7 Royal Rake .. 3 6 7 Neuchatel... ... 3 6 6 Chatelherault ... 3 6 6 Atonement ... 3 6 5 Bertha .. ... 3 6 5 Peabody ... ... 3 6 5 Teeswater.., 3 6 5 Dodona ...3 6 4 Jove ... ... 3 6 4 Provider ... ... 3 6 4 Herennianus 4 6 4 Vestminster 3 6 4 Winifred ... 3 6 3 Royal Head ... 3 6 2 Vacuum ... 3 6 1 Red Rice ... 3 6 0 Vladimir ... ... 3 6 0 Wanderer ... ... 3 6 0 Allbrook .. 3 6 0 Vallation g ... 4 5 13 The ReturDed ... 4 512 Kaupai ... a 5 10 Juanita ... ... 3 510 Lady Evelyn f ... 3 5 10 Turret ... 3 5 10 Assineholue ... 5 5 10 King Alfred's dam f. 3 5 9 Antietam ... ... 3 5 8 Lamlash ... 3 5 7 Cherie ... 3 5 7 Di Spanker ... 3 5 7 Toby 3 5 7 A übade 3 5 7 Grasshopper f. 3 5 7 RATLIVAYS—The Boston, Hartford, and Erie Railroad directors for the ensuing year were elected at the :tunnel meeting of the association, Wednesday, Sept. 8. The list includes John S. Eldridge, of Canton; Jam es W . Converse,eoig.oN. of Bartholomew,Boston; Ja of James of Brookly n; uCt.; and Edw ar d Harris, of Woonsocket, Rhode Island; and Thomas E. Gravt a was elected clerk of the corporation. Four thou sand men are now at work at different points along the line, and the Ist of April is named as the time for a com pleted track from Waterbury to Fishkill.—The Boston and Maine Railroad cu Wednesday, Sept. 8, elected Francis Cogswell, of Andover; Peter T. Homer and George C. Lord, of Boston ; Nathaniel G. White, of Lawrence; E. J. M. Hale, of Haverhill ; Amos Paul, of South Newmarket, New Haven ; and John E. Bickford, of Dover, New Haven, its board of directors for the ensuing year; accepted the proposed issue of $500,000 of new stock by the Portland, Saco, and Portsmouth Railroad, and referred to the direc tors with full powers all plans and propositions for extend ing its own road to deep water a VICKSBURG DURING 7HE SIEGE. The editor of the Louisville Courier-Journal 1 1 been examining a c o py o f t h e Daily Citizen, cl3te, at Vicksburg, J u l y 2 , 186 3, j ust two days pre violl i ; to the surrender of that city to General Grant. it is printed on the bl an k s id e of a piece o f ye ll° wall-paper about 20 inches long by 11 inches wid e i and has the name of J. M. Swords at the head (1 , its first column as proprietor. It has four coluil l1) ,1 of matter, in brevie r typ e . A co l umn an d a thil. is devoted to tele g r ams f rom Philadelphia, Harry burg, Baltimore, and New York, dated June ee and headed in a bl ac k f u ll-f ace d letter, " 'ra nk News from All Poi n t s ." Th e b a l ance o f t he paP er bs, is devoted to editorial articles and paragra2 The following paragraphs are interesting : "Grant's forces did a little firing on Tuesday but' the balance of that day was comparatively q terday morning they were very still, and confirm( early in the afternoon, when they sprung a mine of our centre, and opened fire along the line for lance. We have not been able to ascertain any finitely as to our loss, but as our officers were o' out for this move of the enemy the expeetatio) Yankees were not realized by a great deal. A v reached us that parties in our city have been, an selling flour at five dollars per pound ! molasses per gallon! and corn at ten dollars per bushel! not as yet proved the fact on the parties accused , allusion to the subject may induce some of our ci ascertain whether such prices have been pa , whom; and if so, let a brand not only be placed brow, but let it be seared into their very bx humanity may scorn and shun them as they vi" portals of hell itself." In referring to the " Yankee News Points," the Citizen says : "In devoting a largo portion of our space this to Federal intelligence, copied from the Memphis - t o of the 24th, it sh ou ld b e remem b ere d that the ne ws, in d original truth, i s w hit e - was h e d by tits Federal In t o poor Marshal, who d es i res t o h oo d w i nk the be t " 08 white slaves. The for mer e dit ors o f th e B u lletin OO rather pro-Southern men, were arrested for speak i°° truth when truth was unwelcome to Yankeedon3,,,eo placed in the chain-gang working at Warrenton, s"toil they now are. This paper is at present in durs s6 l ,o edited by a pink-nosed, slab-sided, toad -eating Y . ,„ 6l' t ber who is a lineal descendant of Judas Iscariot, and b' o - ,iiod German of the greatest Puritanical , sycophantic , 11° til" scoundrel unhung—Parson Brownlow. To-dal n es t e 0 01 land is ours, to-morrow P enns yl van i a w ill be, an d tb day Ohio—now midway, lik e M o h amme d's CO fall. Success and glory to our arms ! God and 0 with us." • ltd -- There is also a paragraph about the sanitall general condition of the besiegers : a - "The Yanks outside our c ity are considerably Did' sick list. Fever, dysentery, an d di sgus t are th e ir con l 2 l/ 0 and Grant is their master. The boys are deserting A tol b and are crossing the river in the region of VI T ,„ 1 0 cussing Grant and abolitio n i s t s genera lly. The "",,;' 10 1 ' down upon the earth-d e l v i ng , th e b urrow ing, tv water, and the hot weather." 0 ye,' Notwithstanding that all this matt e r Was ' b el and that the paper lacked only 14 lines of jer si o full, it was not issu e d un til a f ter the f e jo d entered the city, when the offic e c h an ged ban , the 14 lines were suppli e d by th e con queror ° pie' a double rule separating th e C on f e d era te a° ral ral matter. „ Ju ly 4, - 10 9:10 "NOTE.—Two days bring about great cli 3u g ° o ol3 g l banner of the Union floats over Vicksburg. Ge lu ' ll r i e has 'caught the rabbit ;' he has dined in Vi c ksbu' i t.';o '- he did bring his dinner with him. The Citizen r S see it. For the last time it appears on ple,rr:c..; more will it eulogise the luxury of mule meat alwlroor: kitten—urge Southern warriors to such diet otr z th ig This is the last wall-paper edition, and is, excert`for note, from the types as we found them. It Wi ll able hereafter as a curiosity.” TO LIST FOR, THE USE OF TTJSITO' THE METROPOLIS. • 41 MUSEUMS. v liC sl" Antiquarian—Somerset House. Admission by - to the secretary jleg et ) "' Botanic—Royal Botanic Society of London, lied park. Admission daily by orders from fellova• Gardens, Kew. Open daily, 1 till 6, free. 3 / 0 0 0 711 British—Great Russell-street. Open free nn.„, 0 00',04 Wednesdays, and Fridays, 10 to 4 ; summor,ll,C till 7. Closed Ist till 7th January, Ist till 'An ,(101),11 Ist till 7th September; also on all thanksgivi23,!' Guildhall. A collection of antiquities , "``" RI ill 5. otl - Geological—Jennyn-strcet. Open daily (ev e .- ir • fres. 113 turt i An er India—lndia Office, Charles-street. Asiatic ns i v 0. - tory, antiquities, &c. Open free on Mondai s i 6 , Of' days, and Fridays, and on Thursdays by order s , P • .__..... - 6,—i...A..e,,..... .. r "' t v . 4 • 10 till 4. o tio Patents—South Kensington. Models and ieve cots, Open free daily. , ole Royal Institution-21, Alb emar l e-s t ree t. Various l id ' Daily, 10 till 1 0 Royal Military Repository—W oo l w ich. Mode ls i l 3so cations, cannon, and warlike appliances'' 1° ' till 4. s° Royal Polytechnic Institutio n -309, Regent-str eet is , ~t i esi tific, with lectures. Op e n d a ily, till 10 p..ni• ur io'fri' Soane's-13, Lincol n ' s -f an -fi e ld s . Antiquities , c s ol ro ci and pictures. Open Wednesdays, Thursday J O days in April, May, and June ; and We dnes tion ° February to August. Admission on apPl icB FP; Curator. „Aloft' t i e' Society of Arts—John street, Adelphi. 10 %,,, roe' , tures, curiosities, &c. Daily: admission '''' r DO 0, order. no 3 1 ,,,.° day South Kensington—Cromwell-road. Open '''., oam' 0 Tuesdays, and Saturdays, 10 till 10, free; 0 ••• - „, i• „„,, n dsl" flO till 4,5, or 6'. 6d. Tower of London—Ancient armour, etc. vr - ~J,l a ' till 4. ls. , goo - ~ Trinity House—Trinity-square, Tower-bit' t P lighthouses, &c. D a ily, 10 till 4. nnell jig Tussaud's Waxwo r k-58, B a k er - s t re et. ws' 10 p.m. ls. 01 PICTURE GALLERIES. do w ag , Bridgewate r G a ll ery —Cl eve l an d - square- Sgr,,,d.str 4,„ ' A may be obtained f rom M r . Mitchell, Old . 11 , ° 1 0- pvitiii„ British Arti s t s - Suffolk -street. April to j elJ. by 'cia" British Institution--52, Pall-mall. PicturneA b i.o i , Artists, in February, March, and April; B°' et 4 0 Masters, June, July, and August. is. ,d bi' _,„O Buckingham Palace Pictures.—May be vie , ' - pv ' -from the Lord Chamberlain. i i n seilt ri " Av Cartoons of Raphael-- South Kensington .--6 d. A S C I' day, T p u a e i s a d c a e y . , sy d Saturday,enham . Modern fre e m ;oethraer days' dso" k Crystal pictures p t ii , ture. ls. Dulwich Gallery—Dulwich. Chiefly. Flenli 'll 01 6101°Iii Pictures. Open free d a ily, exce pt FridsfAoterold Flaxrnan Gallery—University of London , ' 0 DO Foundling Hospital—Guildford-street. ° P e gi ll 10 till 4. ii is, din-- Gallery of Ancient M as t ers -49 , Pall-mov •wl7- n a or - 1., 00' Greenwich Painted Hall-- Greenwich. ci , he days free ; other d a y s , 4d. • tioll t° ' #Ol l Guildhall—City. M a y b e seen cn applies' an ire ° keeper. Hampton Court Palace.—The ga lleries are Cs ' d except on Friday. ~„ Oar' Monument—Fish -street Hill. Every may' freer" - National Gallery—Trafalgar-square. Open . 4, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, a n d SaturdaYS• ~140" National Portrait Gallery-29, Great GeO free, Wednesdays and Saturdays. r SUBURBAN PLACES OF R--- 50111.* p Cremorne Gardens —Chelsea. is. d f Crystal Palace P ar k—S y d en h am. Open -Allt days, 2s. 6d. Greenwich Park—Greenwich. Open free. Hampton Court Garde ns .—Op en free daiiP 6 a ' Ilighbury Barn and Gardens —HighburY• ,sloe refreshment tickets. t Kew. Gardens—Kew. Open free, daily e°,',,11 14 Richmond Park—Ri c h mon d . O pe n free, d i dit . ,„loor Rosherville Gardens—Grav e s e nd. OP" BP'" Royal Horticultural Gardens—Kensingt eru members' order. freP• L 0 40 0 Windsor Great Park—Windsor. On% def., ll "' Castle may be visited on MondaYs d 13 0 11 " -- days, by tickets obtainable at the' Lord Office, in the Castle. 11 4 ' c r • r.ni • _ '..'---- t A PC' ' fl it ' f e j ' LADVERTISEMENT. I—Holloway's Oietlegho 01‘,,,iplajivi With autumn come many of the diseases (31 '. - h - to I c. e fil e ,r demand instant attention, if the patient vi i ,r 5 1,06 0 ',10,0?, much annoyance through the -winter. ' e rgs p o re too; will be found most effectual in repressisg ° u p o ° l/tol , ' ml i eo n xeN ti vcn a ai ttmy,i exciting wounds,hat Pills andicilii tendingsn t s t gen erally, I hh l eo C yu e r wd a t i b i lt ulcer ations n make infallibly same time increasehis sufferings and rs tar ,.n d ur se ° cc eE. V A wor , s.l 11 ,', and in healivg o tter , It / 0 1' At the • terially aid digestio they will improve l ost ea 1 lowering n a matter of the . d 1 4 til e portance, wh en • firmities aw l- _.,/ cate, or aged. ln e a i k n a lec k .en t e h e n da l sr k t i eivh;leogdtp aseht;ett,.ii s e: _pIAL elite' t s if ; t : o c i ot e o re eI ,o • ci p:e e, f t I,', f :ILLE— __—.....--- 00 031 GRA.!i BIRTHS. D ile It:VI of Major Granville, of a daughter. . t ole il ter . BULL On the 28th inst., at Northchurc , ,50 , , e , On the 28th inst., at 10, South A drug the wife of Arthur Russell, Esq M F.l 01 a I, .1 • P.l i e 6 AIAI?RIAGES . ny joll; fir , 0 0 Fir: the I — s W tra n n i d TE o - 0 Comnait.3l7A2nB,nt,h oinuslty.,,daaut:,:s?o,"toietiro l E r . e F or i y sh vv er, h o it f e S , oofutßha3P,sewngaeteie..ldest son- c, t 1 0 „ts -gag" 0 , 1 STRETER—On t k 'f,eo re lk the 25th lls t, a f ' - f P' Sanmel, second son of William Streete,',oo°), o Martha, the second daughter of Jame s v Customs. • 1 'el le DEATDS. A Co' A 4. 0 9,-, f v BA C K . E B ti a - E k L e L sv — el On E t s h g e ., 2Gth aged i 6 n 9 s . t., at 'IWO ' 0 03 ce, JONES—On rnoaandb:ry the jon 2e Jones, h E i s n q s . t,at 8, Upper Wob`ll3-' .401°' PIXLEY .-- Ke O n n si t n li g e to 2 n B t,haignesttgr. m. PillOY , ' 8 ''' v a Of 111 esP l ' ASr ) : P rO a‘lf London : Printed and Published by Virrisilibly, 111.,,„:0/ of No. 112, Stra nd, Printer, at TaBStIN Ora o3 - ;flP v in , the Precinct of the Savoy, in t he l Colusti ° Aarsday,Xeptember 30, IS6V. :-- ' afternoon, inie Yes.i Led so n u ft on they ' some clis . Ae , ythiog m,„ gi the I°° , ; ',ons of l unou l," ten Do', J o lla" wro loc o ,d, bu t tli fj ° citizesi id, a nd th eir up oo l waist would Sl l fr6 lll is , rior° l o 71 ',is IP' At