The Sun. — London, England, 1869-01-08 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC 'JOURNALS. I.tie Times, in discussing the recent agrarian outrage to 'Tipperary, observes that there is nothing to relieve the c l ime of a single particle of its intrinsic hideousness. Tbe powdered man was a good and liberal landlord, and 4owledged to be such by his tenantry ; and he fbll a rictiiru to a family quarrel in which he had personally no concern. Yet this man is shot within hearing of his wife, ,ipparently with as little concern as if he were some 71( v:ions animal. But this is not the worst aspect of the case. We believe that as many murders are committed in England as in Ireland in the course of the 'ear. But in England a murderer walks about with the biand of Cain ; in Ireland he too often commands the sympathies of the people. But it is an undoubted fact th a t.pgrarian crime has decreased in a remarkable degree since England commenced the system of conciliating ns t e ad of oppressing the Irish Roman Catholics. The fate Sir Robert Peel declared, in the year 1829, that Ire land had scarcely been governed for a single year, from the Union downwards, according to the ordinarycourse of law. AN.nd what was the consequence ? In 15118 no fewer than 2XOO memorials for mercy were presented to the Irish Viceroy, who commuted capital sentences in four hun dred .cases, nearly all agrarian. Compare this state of thingi - with the isolated murders, horrible as they arc, rhich are now committed in Ireland, and then deny who c an that Ireland has made a wonderful progress since the era.pf conciliation commenced with Catholic Emancipa tion. Let us not be discouraged, therefore, by these occa- Aloud' crimes in the wise policy which we have marked 'but for ourselves. The task we have before us is to create irrthe Irish character a respect for law; and this can only be done by separating the law from all alliance with injustice. 4 . great nation like ours is not to be frightened back from the &urge of justice because its path is crossed by a criminal in the wilds of Tipperary. But we must, at the same time, impress upon the Irish people the ne,essity of putting the ban of public odium on undoubted crime. England has given them a pledge of her goodwill sand of her determination to abolish all relics of injustice logainst which they can urge a legitimate cause of complaint, 0 314:1 surely we have a right to ask them, even in their own interest, to second our efforts. We are willing to do our p a rt ;. let the Irish chew themselves willing to do theirs. We cannot have an imperium in imperio—a secret code of laws administered in opposition to the law of the land by irresponsible agents. The public opinion of Ireland must declare itself on the side of the law, else the Parliament of England will labour in vain. The Standard thinks that the change of policy for Ireland has been marked by a revival of what are emphati ally called "agrarian outrages." The Radical agitators in .England have raised the hopes of the Irish peasantry so high, that it is no wonder they are eager to test the sincerity of their sympathies. They have been told what they should do in vindication of their outraged rights ; they have been tutored in their wrongs, and directed bow they should behave themselves to their op pres'ors by hints so significant that it was scarely p o ssible for them not to profit by the instruction. They have listened to the parable teaching what the Irish should do with their landlords if their country were a thousand miles away. They have read of how a great Liberal statesman, writing to a friend, insisted that " justice would be done, or the landlords would be exter minated by the vengeance of the people." They have been taught out of the same mouth—the mouth of a professed Kiostle of liberality and justice—that it was " an essential thing for the peace of every country that its soil should be in the possession of its own people." The Irish are a race quick of taking a hint, and apt in improving a lesson, especially when it is one to their taste. The Daily News, after examining the conflicting argu ments respecting the proposed cession of Gibraltar, remarks that the fortress is of no particular value to us except in its prestige and in its commanding the Jirixbour. As to prestige at this day, it need hardly be taken into account. If the Spaniards should think that we give them back Gibraltar because we cannot keep it, we may be quite sure no other nation will. But the point respecting the security of the harbour is a very different matter. It is clear, as we have before shewn, that we ought to possess a secure harbour at the mouth of the Mediterranean, not merely for coaling, but for telegraphic purposes. Just now, for instance, telegrams from Constantinople or Athens are often delayed a week or more in traversing Austria or France ; and, were we involved in a war, the delay might be fatal to our Eastern possessions. We are bound, therefore, to take measures to ensure the absolute safety of a harbour on one side or other of the Straits. And herein we must say is the point on which the controversialists on both sides have failed to give us the information we i equire. Both, it is said, can be made defensible, unless we lose the command of the seas for such a time as to permit of a regular siege. We need not, therefore, consider anything more than the relative expense of putting each portion in a state to resist a coup de main or a bombarkment by iron dads. For if we do lose the command of the seas for any length of time we lose all that makes either Gibraltar or Ceuta of use to us. If our fleets are sunk, dispersed, or shut up in the Channel, our commerce will be swept from the Atlantic and Mediterranean both ; our com munication with India, whether by Suez or the Cape, cut uff ; our colonies exposed to capture by expeditious of a few thousand men. In so universal a catastrophe it will signify nothing to us whether a garri son at the extremity of Spain, or one on the African coast, can hold its ground or not. What would be really of importance to us would be that the one or the other should be able to defend a harbour in which our vessels were sheltered or were refitting ; and this simply brings us back to the old question of the defensibility of the harbour at either place by means of our batteries as against the enemies' batteries. When in this way we clearly apprehend that it is a harbour and not a fort that we want, and that we only need the fort in order to defend the harbour, we have brought the question to the furthest point at which lands men or civilians, or even any military men not belonging to the scientific corps, are competent to speak upon it. The grounds for our decision on the vital points at issue must be furnished to us by sailors and by engineers. If they say Ceuta can serve our purposes better than, or as well as Gibraltar, and at no greater expense, then we may dis regard any other counsel, and readily enter into negotia tions with Spain whenever that country is in a state to propose them. The Post remarks upon the position assumed by the Roman Catholic bishops, and explains it by the supposi tion that they do not regard the Anglican bishops as bishops at all. Mr. Ffoulkes, a Roman convert, takes another view of the question, and in his letter to Archbishop Manning he complains that the Church of Rome has not been that Chivalrous and successful guar dian of the ancient faith which she professes to be. It is 4uite refreshing to see the Church of Rome dealt with in this learned, candid, quiet way, so unlike the noisy ultra- Protestant demonstrations which have been so common of late years, and have done so much to strengthen the hands of proselytising Romanists. Such unimpassioned but cogent argumentation will do more than anything else to check Ultramontane tendencies in the Roman Church, and to prevent secession from our own. At the same time it leaves the Roman hierarchy no ground to stand upon in this country. However they may be tolerated by the State, they are altogether at issue with the Church. Mr. Ffoulkes says plainly to Archbishop Manning that the conclusion to which 1 e is driven must cut " at the very root of the Archbishop's position in England." No doubt it does. This was the real ground of hostility to the so-called Papal aggression in 1850. It may be asked by some why Mr. Ffoulkes does not give still further expression to his views by at once leaving the Roman Chur and returning to his old com munion. That. is a question he is not bound to answer. Consistency does not logically require it of him, inas much as the questions he has raised are not de fide. He will in all probability be far more useful by staying where he is, and by teaching the world from an inner point of view what are the really weak parts of the Roman system. The Herald makes some observations upon the increase and decrease of pauperism during the last few years. Although there is a subsidence in the flood of pauperism, it considers that the danger is not yet over, and if frost should set in, thousands of individuals would speedily be thrown upon the poor rates. The poor-law expenditu- Zon the whole is greatly increasing, and without any per ceptible benefit to the poor. No doubt in individual cases the relief does some ameunt of good ; yet in the aggregate there is an increase of suffering. Something more than the poor law seems to be needed for the purpose of reliev ing the poverty of the country. On various occasions for several months past we have pointed out the value attach ing to a proper system of emigration, more especially in the direction of Canada. Every day's experience serves to confirm that view, and we believe that unless this remedy be adopted no reform of the poor law will be sufficient to meet the dire necessity which is corning upon us. The Star observes that Mr. Bright's peaa - e principles have been put to a novel test. He has shunned the Indian Secretaryship in vain. Wars and rumours of wars pursue the pacific statesman into the calm of his carefully selected departmftt. He is adjured to fight, and to fight a poaeher—he who so loathes the game laws. But the poacher is not the humble villager with whom unpaid wisdom wages intermittent hostilities. The poacher against whom Mr. Bright's official right arm is invoked is a poacher of the sea. Mr. Bright is conjured to make war — on the bottle-nosed whale. Mr. Bright's predecessor was never appealed to to throw the aegis of England over the weak powers of the ocean. Richmond was never on the seas for any such purpose. But no sooner does this peace loving statesman seek out the Board of Trade as a pacific retreat, than a "ponderous monster"--a Caliban of the deep--a shape fraught with suggestions and portents of marine disaster, was tln - to,:t rutliN•s , :ly upon the much- Cal)inet. As if it were not en;mgli to disendow the jrl,li C mreh.:vithout Lein,; called upon to disestablish—the 4,ettr-nosc,l whale. This porpoise question may grow. Every one who believes all he hears is well aw ar e th a t it wan the existence of a Peace party in Eng !and that encouraged the Emperor Nicholas to Assail the sacred integrity of Turkey. What if the pre sence of Mr. Bright at the Board of Trade should suggest to the bottle-nosed whale the ir'ea of leaving the British Isles absolutely fisliles•s? We shrink, like Mr. Bright, from a subject which it would be painful to pursue fur ther. But the Government will do well to consider that England has waged many a war as unjustifiable as that which Mr. Drew would draw her into, and that we should have been richer and less taxed if we had bad the courage to adopt the " crinoinz and contracted " nolicar with which Mr. Bdght has farnvir' mit t an un I_2 i...-ek*sslilifiaida METROPOLITAN GOSSlP—Thursday. Political matters are in abeyance jus ow, and cre likely to be so for another fortnight. Ministers are ex pected to return to town on the 25th, and to hold a Cabinet Council on the following day. Meanwhile there are rumours of serious difficulties with regard to the Irish Church question, and one evening paper, which has not yet lived long enough to be an authority, has published with a good deal of detail, the nature of the difficulty, declaring inter alia that Lord Westbury has determined to oppose the secularisation of the Irish Church revenues ; so that, though little serious opposition is likely to be offered to disestablishment, disendowment will prove a far more difficult task. Irish journalists seem to have heard something of these rumours, for a leading Irish newspaper has within the last few days threat ened Mr. Gladstone with very serious consequences if he does not satisfy the just aspirations of Irishmen, and he is given to understand that he receives the support of the Irish party only dum se bene gesserit. By way of allaying suspicions, one of the Irish Ministerial officials (Sir Colman O'Loghlen), on being re-elected, assured his constituents that Mr. Gladstone's programme would include the Church, the land, and railways; all subjects in which Irishmen take great interest. There is consternation in the Government offices. If it had depended upon the members of her Majesty's civil servants, Mr. Gladstone's majority of 115 would have been a minority of 230. They dread the rule of the economist who for the first time is supreme, and has for col leagues men ready and eager to carry out his financial reforms. Every day sees some new order against some old abuse excessive telegraphing, use of Government ships for private purposes, excessive consumption of champagne (nominally by the sick), ex cessive consumption of whitewash. The last orders are still more serious. Thirty clerks are under notice to quit Whitehall, where their services are said to be " absolutely superfluous ;" and if the same principle is adopted else where, there will be a wholesale deportation from Pall-mall also—from the War Office, that is, as we , l as from the Admiralty. Nor is this all. As lucrative posts fall vacant they are no longer conferred upon the men who thought they had the reversion of them, but are abolished. Mr. James Disraeli's post at the Inland Revenue Office was one of these ; General Travers's post as Inspector-General of Marines is another; and to-day's papers announce that the post of Master Attendant and Queen's Harbour Master, at Chatham, which has become vacant through the completion by Captain Stokes of the pre scribed five years' service, will be abolished, and £6OO a year saved to the country. It has been pretty generally rumoured during the last week that the present Government are hesitating to endorse the arrangement made by their predecessors for the purchase of the telegraphs. Probably this rumour has its rise in the known dislike felt by the President of the Board of Trade to the intervention of Government in public companies. But it is not likely that Mr. Bright will set aside an agreement upon which so much depends. I may state that the impression at St. Martin's-le-Grand is that the arrangement will be fully carried out, and that by July the telegraphs will be under the control of the Post Office. The adjourned meeting of High Church clergy who met at the Freemasons' Tavern on December 30th, takes place next Wednesday. No one of course knows what decision will be arrived at, but I think in all probability a protest against the judgment will be drawn up and sent to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, and that sub mission will be made to the judgment subject to this protest. The question of costs in the suit will also have to be considered. I find that, while there is every disposition to relieve the defendant, there is great unwillingness to pay the plain tiff's costs. The argument is that it was not Mr. Macko nochie who appealed from the Court of Arches. He was willing to accept Sir R. Phillimore's judgment. It is, therefore, thought hard that High Churchmen should bear the expense of an appeal which they did not desire. In fact, some of the Low Church party themselves think that the case is a hard one. Under these circum stances it is not improbable that Mr. Mackonochie may be advised to pass through the Bankruptcy Court (his own lawyers being paid, of course), rather than that the English Church Union should be called upon to pay the costs on both sides, which will not be much under £20,000. Whether this judgment lead to a rupture or not, it will certainly increase the chances of separation , between the Church and the State. I know that men who were formerly high Tories of the Church and Queen school, now declare themselves Radicals, and prepared to make any change that may relieve them from what they deem State thraldom. I know, too, that the question of disestablishment is by no means absent from the minds of our leading Liberal states men. There is at least one very distinguished Minister who believes that this great revolution is inevitable, and only hopes that it may not come in his time. Meanwhile the open advocates of separation say that they do not desire to hasten the event ; they would have it brought about in consequence of, rather than in violence to the convictions of the nation. Sir Francis Grant is a lucky man. His salary as President of the Royal Academy is to be doubled — raised, that is, from £3OO to £6OO. It is possible that he may live to have it tripled. It is not generally known, I think, that the late Sir Francis Chantrey left his property to the Royal Academy, subject to a life interest in it reserved for his widow. That lady still survives ; but should she die, £3OO a year of her husband's property will go to the President of the Academy, whoever he may be. While the chief officer of this institution is thus flourishing, I do not hear a very good report of the Academy generally. In the first place, it is said that the Academicians have absolutely refused to increase the number of R.A.'s, and have pretty broadly intimated that they will not add even to the A.R.A.'s. There are forty of the first and only twenty-six of the second, although the number of the latter c'ass of dignities used to he unlimited, and an artist was made an Associate directly he was thought worthy of the honour. There i 3 also an anticipatory grumble about the new buildings of the Academy. It is rumoured that the Hanging Committee will not henceforth hang nearly so high as they have done hitherto. If this should prove the case, there will be very little increase of space above that of the old building ; in other words, outsiders will fare as badly as they have done hitherto, thanks to the selfishness of the portrait painters, who occupy acres with their own pictures and deny inches to the common herd. Mr. Theed is engaged on one of the groups of statues for the Albert Memorial in Kensington Gardens. This memorial will cost £190,000, and as the public contribute only a small amount, the greater portion of the expense will have to be borne by the Queen. Large as the sum is,it may be even still larger, for I learn that the architects are striking for higher payment. Including the Mausoleum at Frogmore, the Queen will have spent between £300,000 and £400,000 in commemorating her husband, who would certainly have been the first to deprecate such excessive lavishness. During the present week a matter has turned up which is likely to attract some notice in commercial circles. The Royal Mail Steam Packet Company is at present an un profitable concern. The West Indian agents of the com pany have reported that a handsome dividend might be earned if the company's steamers went to Cherbourg, for then they would take all the French traffic. But as this would in volve the landing of all the English passengers at Plymouth, the Southampton people, with Mr. Russell Gurney at their head, have brought enormous influence to bear upon the board. The result is that the recommendation of the company's agents is not to be carried out, and some miserable makeshift is to be tried, such as granting through tickets to Havre, just by way of saying that something is being done. Of course this will not answer the purpose. French passengers will not care to be kept waiting at Southampton until the Havre boat leaves, nor to transfer all their luggage from one steamer to another. The real fact is, the shareholders are being sacrified to Southampton interests. lam glad to see that the matter is being taken up in the London papers. This morning there was published a valuable series of maps, illustrating the report of the Royal Commission on Middle-class Schools. Each map is coloured, so as to chew schools classical, semi -classical, non-classical, and schools in abeyance in any part of England. Speaking of educa tional topics, I may mention that the old grammar-school at Wantage, which dates from the time of King Alfred, has just been reorganised. The new master, Mr. Henry Cook, of Exmouth, who was chosen out of three hundred candidates, has been elected on the principle recommended by the above-mentioned commissioners, viz., that a small fixed stipend should be paid, sufficient only to maintain the master while he is getting a reputation for the school, but not enough to induce an incompetent man to stay, and that he shall receive a capitation grant on every scholar. Mr. Cook has come to the conclusion that the old curriculum is to a great extent obsolete. Classics aro still to be taught, but English, modern languages, and practical mathematics are to have especial attention. Every week sees some alteration in journalism. Echoes from the Clubs is reduced from 3d. to 2d. with the new year. Its cartoon this week will not please Ritualists, especially as the principal kneeling figure is—although by no means flattering—too much of a likeness of Mr. Mackonochie to be called a caricature. The Echo is to be doubled in size, and will be eight pages and thirty-four columns—an arithmetical problem which somewhat puzzles me. The Illustrated Sporting .'V. w; has ceased to exist. So, too, has the London Turkish paper, lifyabir. The Architect is the title of the newest rival of the Builder, and is very neatly got up. The news is printed on toned paper, and the principal illustrations (the new SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 8, 1869. TH. ' buildings at Balliol College, Oxford, and the new Suspen sion Bridge at Pesth) are executed in a manner far superior to the engravings of the other architectural ournals. I mentioned in a former letter that Messrs. Strahan had purchased the copyright of Mr. Tennyson's works. They are to pay £4,000 a year for twenty years, and will publish any new work that he may produce during that time. They will bring out the works in the familiar foolscap editions. Moxons will continue to publish Dore's illustrated edition of the " Idylls," and they claim also the copyright of the " Selections," a claim which is likely to lead to a lawsuit. Moxons will also issue a volume of original songs by Tennyson, set to music, and illustrated by Millais. The same firm have, I believe, agreed with Gustave Dor4 to bring out an illustrated edition of Hood's poems. Miss Emily Jolly, the author of that most charming of novels, " Pearl," is engaged on a new tale which is likely to be the best that she has produced. A cheap edition of Mr. Gladstone's autobiography, at 9d., has been published by Mr. Murray. The same publisher is bringing out Dr. Smith's " Dictionary of Mediaeval Latin." Chapman and Hall are issuing a fine new edition of Carlyle's works. Hurst and Blackett announce a life of Lucrezia Borgia, by William Gilbert the novelist. The weather to-day has been something extraordinary. A clear atmosphere in the streets, but a pitch-dark fog up in the heavens ; so that we have had to burn gas all day. It is still very mild, but the wind has changed, and the barometer is very high. This fog is in all probability the herald of a severe frost. 1111SC.EL LANE° US LVEJVS. TRE CESSION OEi GIBRALTAR.. Admiral Grey's letter, advocating the cession of Gibraltar to Spain in exchange far Ceuta, has called forth another reply. The last-mentioned writer styles himself "A 'Voice from Gibraltar," and de clares that some of the views expressed in the Admi ral's letter are so mistaken that he is induced to point out why the poss ess i on o f Gib ra lt ar i s o f impoifance to this country, while that of Ceuta would be useless. Ceuta has no harbour, and its position is so unsatis factory that it could be captured by land or sea if a powerful enemy undertook the work, and England would only lose money in the attempt to convert the place to greater utility. As for the Admiral's statement, "that not a house on the Rock would be out of easy range with modern artillery," it is said that this assertion could be of weight only if there were no guns in Gibraltar. The defences of Gibraltar are excellent : it is impregnable by land, and might be made so by sea if due pre cautions were taken. These " days of steam" have made Gibraltar of far greater importance, for it now seals the entrance to the Mediterranean. In con clusion, the writer expresses a hope that our Govern ment will lose no time in making Gibraltar pregnable, by placing heavy guns on the heights. " J. B. K." (the initials, by the way, of the late Attorney-General) writes to the Pall Mall Gagette upon this much-discussed subject. Ile says he too discards the " sentimental " question, yet thinks that the feelings of great nations are not without some actual weight in determining policy. The desire of Spain to recover Gib raltar is something more than a sentiment. The port is a vast smuggling depot. In 1866 we exported there £1,134,699 worth of goods, just about half as much as we sent through the whole of the Spanish custom houses. The amount is, of course, enor mously in excess of the wants of the town and the neighbourhood, and this excess represents so much contraband trade. Nor is Gibraltar costly only to the Spaniards; it is costly to us, and the garrison alone must mean half a million sterling a year. Add to this the expense of Gibraltar shields and Woolwich guns, and we can readily imagine how the sum total must mount up. "J.B. K. holds that Gibraltar is not a safe station in case of war, and could not be made so unless we held the whole circuit of the shore surrounding the bay, a line of fifteen miles, whose occupation no one has ventured to suggest. If we gave up Gibraltar it would be of very little harm to us. Even supposing that we were at war with Spain, we could, provided that we retained the command of the sea, blockadethe Spanish fleet in Gibraltar more easily than elsewhere. If we did not retain the command of the seas, the posses sion of Gibraltar would be of very little service to us. "Nobody doubts our power to hold Gibraltar if we choose, but the great men who won and held it for us when it was of real vahio would be the first to wish us to exchange it, if in process of time it had become a port of little or no actual importance or benefit." Altogether "J. B. K." is of opinion that a case has been made out for inquiry, and he thinks that if it should be determined to exchange Gibraltar for Ceuta, there would be little or no political objection to our doing so. The Morning Herald says there is something in explicable in the discussion which has arisen upon this question. If Earl Russell were in the Cabinet our contemporary could understand the mooting of the matter. But considering what glorious associa tions attach to this stronghold, &c., &e. The Herald forgets that the proposed cession was first started in the leading columns of the official Conservative organ at the time that Lord Stanley was at the Foreign Office. &c. But Grattan was undoubtedly a - grreat one who, if the figure is not too stale, lives " in the hearts of the people." Then why not give him a statue ? At the '• Mayor's meeting," held at Dublin on Tuesday, all creeds and parties were represented. Mr. Pim, M.P., Mr. J. Norwood, J.P., Professor Webb, F.T.C.D., Alderman Manning, J.P., Hon. Judge Little, Dr. O'Leary, Alderman Campbell, Dr. Shaw, F. T. C .D., the Rev. Dr. Spratt, and Mr. L. Waldron were speakers. Resolutions were adopted to the effect that the erec tion of a public statue to Grattan was " a sacred obligation of duty, love, and gratitude;" that assured of the hearty approbation of Irishmen of all classes, they entered on the work, and that a com mittee and treasurer, whose names are published, should be appointed to carry out the intention of the meeting. THE PUBLIC DEBI OF AMERICA. - --' 4- The interest of the Public Debt, when the whole debt shall be funded at an average rate of interest of five per cent., will amount to $125,000,000, which will be reduced with the an nual reduction of the principal. When the Internal Revenue and Tariff laws shall be revised so as to be made to harmonise with each other, it is supposed that $300,000,000 can annually be realized from these sources without burdensome taxation. How much shall be raised from each can be determined when the whole subject of Revenue shall be tho roughly investigated by Congress with the light shed upon it by Commissioner Wells in his exhaus tive Report of the present year. The Secretary does not doubt, however, that the best interests of the country will be subserved by a reduction of the Tariff and an increase of Excise duties. Accord ing to this estimate the account would stand as fol lows : Receipts from Customs and In ternal Revenues $300,000,000 Expenditures for the Civil Ser vice ... •.• $10,000,000 E x p e nditures by tha War De partment ... ... 35,000,000 Expenditures by the Navy De partment 20,000,000 Expenditures for Pensions and Indians 30,000,000 Expenditures for Interest on the Public Debt ... 125,000,000-250,000,000 Leaving, as an excess of receipts $50,000,000 to be applied to the payment of the principal of the debt. If the growth of the country should make an increase of expenditures necessary, this increase will by the same cause be provided for by increased receipts under the same rate of taxation ; and as it is to be hoped that the regular increase of the reve venues without taxation resulting from the advance of the country in wealth and population—will be greater than the necessary increase of expenses, there will be a constantly increasing amount in addition to that arising from a decrease of interest to be annually applied to the payment of the debt. If large additional expenditures should be unavoidable they should at once be provided for by additional taxes. What is required, then, at the present time is a positive limitation of the annual outlays to $300,000,000, including $50,000,000 to be applied to the payment of the principal of the debt, and such modifications of the reve,pue laws as will secure this amount without unwise restrictions upon com merce, and with the least possible oppression and inconvenience to the tax-payers. In the foregoing estimates of resources, miscellaneus receipts and receipts from sales of public lands are omitted. The miscellaneous receipts heretofore have been derived from sales of gold and of property purchased by the War and Navy Departments during the war and no longer needed. On a return to specie payments there will be no premiutns on coin, very little Go vernment property will hereafter be sold, and under the Homestead law and with liberal donations of the public domain, which are likely to be made as heretofore, no considerable amount can be expected from lands. Whatever may be received from these sources will doubtless be covered 1 y miscellaneous expenses, of which no estimate can be made. The Act of March 31, 1868, exempting from taxes nearly all the manufactures of the country other than dis tilled spirits, fermented liquors, and tobacco was sudden and unexpected. It not only deprived the Treasury of an immense revenue, but the reduction was so great as to leave an impression on the pub lic mind that it would be only temporary, and that a tax in some degr3e equivalent to that which was removed would of necessity soon be resorted to. It is, perhaps, for this reason that this measure has failed to give relief to the public by a diminution of prices and has benefited manufacturers rather than. consumers. The frequent and important changes which have been made in the Internal Revenue laws, the eas3 with which exemptions from taxa tion have been obtained and the suddenness with which taxes hive been greatly augmented or reduced, having constituted one of the greatest evils of the system. Sudden changes in the revenue laws are not only destructive of all business calculations, but they excite, not unreasonably, a feeling of dis content and a sense of injustice among the peOple most unfavourable to an efficient collection of taxes. While it is admitted that in a new and growing country like ours modifications of the taxes will be frequently necessary, some definite policy should at once be inaugurated in regard to our internal re venues, the general principles of which should be regaried as finally established. Assuming that the receipts from customs will be reduced by a reduc tion of duties, or by the effects of a return to specie payments upon importations under the present ta riff,creasaend of i l l t t a e t r o consequently e r t e h e a r r e e m t h u r s e t e s b u e e r a e n e - ( 1 ) - f revenue which are likely to be considered. First. An increase of taxes upon distilled spirits. The idea of deriving the bulk of the revenue from this article is a very popular one, and even our un fortunate experience has only partially convinced the public of its impossibility. The late exorbitant tax on distilled spirits, intended, perhaps, not merely as a revenue measure, but as an encouragement to temperance, proved to be the most demoralizing tax ever imposed by Congress, corrupting both the ma nufacturers and the revenue officers, and familiariz ing the people with stupendous violations of the law. The restoration of it, or any considerable increase of the present tax, would lead to a repetition of the frauds which have brought the internal revenue into such utter disgrace. Second. A restoration of the tax on manufactures abolished in March last. The objections to the re storation of this tax are, that it would indicate vacillation on the part of Congress, and that this tax, principally on account of numerous exemptions, was partial and unjust. it is'also apparent that if restored it would fail to be permanent by reason of the persistent and united hostility of a class of citi zens influential and powerful, and whose influence and power are rapidly increasing. Third. An increased and uniform tax on sales ; and this the Secretary respectfully recommends. Under the present law wholesale and retail dealers in goods, wares, and merchandise, of foreign or domestic production, wholesale and retail dealers in liquors and dealers in tobacco, are subject to a similar but unequal tax upon sales. This inequali t y should be remo ve d an d a tax l ev i e d upon all sales sufficient with the revenues from,other sources to meet the wants of the Government. The reasons in favour of a tax upon sales are that it could be levied generally throughout the country, and would not be liable to the imputation of class legislation. That it would be , so equally distributed as not to bear so oppressively as other taxes upon individuals or sections, and that no depression of one branch of industry which did not injuriously affect the busi ness of the entire country could greatly lessen its productiveness. As has been already stated the receipts from Customs for the fiscal year ending June 30,1866, were $179,046,65 1 58 ; for the year ending June 30, 1867, $176,117,810 88 ; and for the last fiscal year, $164,464,599 56. These figures show that the tariff has produced large revenues, although it is in no just sense a revenue tariff. In this respect it has exzeeded the expectations of its friends, if, indeed, it has not disappointed them. It has not checked importations, and the complaint is made that it has not given the anticipated protec tion to home manufactures, not because it was not skilfully framed to this end, but because it inflated currency, the effect of which upon importations was not fully comprehended, and has in a measure de feated its object. It has advanced the prices of dutiable articles, and by adding to the cost of living has been oppressive to consumers, with out being of decided benefit to those industries in which interest it is regarded as having been prepared. In his last report the Secretary recom mended the extension of specific duties, but did not recommend a complete revision of the tariff, on the ground that this work could not be intelligently done as long as business was subject to constant derangement by an irredeemable currency. The same difficulty still exists, but as decided action upon the subject of the currency ought not to be longer postponed, the present may not be an un favourable time for a thorough examination of the tariff. It is obvious that a revision of it is required, not only to relieve it of incongruities and abSurdity, and to harmonise it with excise taxes and with our agricultural and commercial interests, but also to adapt it to the very decided change which must take place in the business of the country upon the re storation of the specie standard. Large revenues are now derived from customs, because a redundant currency produces extravagance, which stimulates importations. If the currency were convertible and business were regular and healthy the tariff would be severely protective, if not in many instances prohibitory. Indeed, of some valuable articles, it is prohibitory already. There will be in the future, as there have been in the past, widely different opinions upon this long vexed and very important subject, but the indications are decided that the more enlightened sentiment of the country de mands that the tariff shall hereafter be a tariff for revenue and not for protection, and that the revenues to be derived from it shall be no larger than in connection with those derived from other sources will be required for the economical ad ministration of the Government, the mainte nance of the public faith, and the gradual extin guishment of the public debt. While the country is not at present, and nyty not be for many years to come, prepared for the abrogation of all restric tions upon foreign commerce, it is unquestionably prepared for a revenue tariff. The public debt is an ineumbrance upon the property of the nation, and the taxes the necessity fur which it creates, by whatever mode, and from whatever sources collected, are at last a charge upon the consumers. Taxes should not therefore be increased, nor will the tax payers permit them to be permanently increased for the benefit of any interest or section. Fortunately, or unfortunately, as the question may be regarded from different stand-points, the necessities of the Go vernment will be such for many years that large revenues must be derived from customs, so that a strictly revenue tariff must incidentally benefit our home manufactures. According to the estimate made by the Secretary, an annual revenue of $300,000,000 will be required to meet the necessary demands upon the Treasury, and for a satisfactory reduction of the public debt. How much of this amount shall be derived from customs it will be for Corgress to determine. In examining this difficult question, the magnitude of our foreign debt, and the necessity not only of preventing its increase, but of rapidly reducing it, must be kept steadily in view. It may be necessary that a large portion of our bonds now held in Europe be taken up with bonds bearing a lower rate of interest, payable in some European city, in order that they may be less likely to be returned to the United States at unpropitious times. Whether this is accomplished or not, it is of the last importance that our tax laws, and espe cially the tariff, should be so framed as to encou rage exports and enlarge our commerce with fo reign nations, so that the balances may be in our favour, and the interest, and in due time the principal, of our foreign debt may be paid by our surplus productions. Many of the investigations of the Revenue Commission have been made with the view of furnishing Congress with the data necessary for a thorough examination and a wise determina tion of this most important question, and it is for-, tunate that the subsidence of political excitement removes many of the difficulties heretofore in the ay of any impartial consideration of it. The debt between the Ist day of November, 1867, and the Ist day of November, 1868, increased $35,625,102 82, of this increase $24,152,000 is chargeable to the Pacific Railroad, and $7,200,000 to the purchase of Russian America. Within the same period there was paid for bounties $4,406,051, and at least $4,000,000 for interest on compound 7 3-10 notes, which had accrued prior to the Ist of November, 1867. If these extraordinary advances and pay ments had not been made the receipts would have exceeded the expenditures $43,787,412 18. Consi dering the heavy reduction of internal taxes made at the last session of Congress, and the large expen ditures which have attended the military operations against the Indians on the frontiers, and the main tenance of large forces at expensive points in the Southern States, this statement of the amount of the debt cannot be regarded as an unsatisfactory one. The bounties will, it is expected, be entirely paid within the next three months, and very little interest except that which accrues upon the funded debt is hereafter to be provided for. Should there be henceforth no extraordinary expenditures, and no further donations of public moneys in the form of bounties, or of additional subsidies to railroad compa nies, with proper economy in the administration of the general Government, and with judicious amend ments of the revenue laws and proper enforcement thereof, the public debt without oppressive taxa tion can be rapidly diminished and easily ex tinguished within the period heretofore named by the Secretary. The ability of the United States to maintain their integrity against insurrection as well as against a foreign enemy can no longer be doubted. The question of their ability, under Democratic in stitutions, to sustain a large national debt, is still to be decided. That this question should be affirma tively settled, it is, in the opinion of the Secretary, of the highest importance that the tax-paying voters should be encouraged by the fact that the debt is in the progress of rapid extinguishment and is not to be a permanent burden upon them and their posterity. If it be understood that this debt is to be a perpetual incumbrauce upon the property and industry of the nation it is certainly to be feared that the collection of taxes necessary to pay the in terest upon it may require the exercise of power by the Central Government inconsistent with Republi canism and dangerous to the liberties of the people. The debt must be paid. Direct repudiation is an impossibility. Indireet repudiation, by further issues of legal-tender notes, would be madness. To insure its payment without a change the essential character of the Government every year should wit ness a reduction of its amount and a diminution of its burdens. The Secretary is confident that he expressed the sentiments of the intelligent tax payers of the country in his report of 1865. In his last report the Secretary referred to the condition of the Treasury at the close of the war and at some subsequent periods, alluding especially to the emergency in the Spring of 1865, arising from the very large requisitions which were waiting for payment, and the still larger requisitions that were to be provided for to enable the 'War Department to pay arrearages due to the army and other expenses which had already been incurred in the suppression of the rebellion. In briefly reviewing the adminis tration of the Treasury from April, 1865, he did not think it necessary to state how much of the large revenue receipts had been expended in the payment of debts incurred during the war, and he would not undertake to do it now did not misap prehension exist in the public mind in regard to the expenditures of the Government, since the conclu sion of hostilities, prejudicial to both the law-mak ing and law-executing branches of the Government. The war was virtually closed in April, 1865. On the first day of that month the public debt amounted, according to the books and accounts of the Department, to $2,366,955,077 34. On the first day of September following it amounted to $2,757,689,751 43, having increased in the four months, $390,734,494 09. From that period it continued to decline until Nov. 1, 1867, when it had fallen to $2,491,504,450. On the first day of November last it had risen $2,527,129,552 82. By this statement it appears that, between the first day of April, 1865, and the first day of September of the same year, the debt increased $390,734,491 09, and that between the first day of September, 1865, and the first day of November, 1868, it decreased $230,560,018 61, and on the last day mentioned it was $160,174,475 48 larger than it was on the first day of April, 1805. Since then the Trea6u rer's receipts from all sources of revenue have been as follows : For April, May, and June, 1865 583„519,16-1 13 For the year ending June 30, 1866 558,032,620 06 For the year ending Juno 30, 1867 For the year ending June 30, 1868 Juno 30 to Nov. 1, 1868 Total receipts $1,662,476,062 20 To which should bo added the increase of the debt be tween the first day of April, 1865, and the first dly of November, 186 8—5160,171,475 48—51,822,650,537 68. This exhibit shows that the large sum of $1,822,650,537 68 was expended in the payment of the interest and of other demands upon the Treasury in three years and seven months, being an average annual expenditure of $508,616,661 68. If the statement of the public debt on the Ist day of April, 1865, had included all debts due at that time, and $1,822,650,537 68 had really been expended in payment of the interest of the public debt and the current expenses of the Go vernment between that day and the Ist day of November last, there would have been a profligacy and a recklessness in the expenditures of the public moneys discreditable to the Government and dis heartening to tax-payers. Fortunately this is not the fact. That statement (as it is true of all other monthly statements of the Treasury) exhibited only the adjusted debt according to the books of the Treasury, and did not, and could not, include the large sums due to the soldiers of the great Union army, numbering at that time little less than one million men, for pay and for bounties, or on claims of various kinds, which must of necessity have been unsettled. For the purpose of putting this matter right, the S,,,Tretary has endeavoured to as certain from the War and Navy Departments how much of their respective disbursements, since the close of the war, has been in payment of debts properly chargeable to the expense of the war. The following is the result of his inquiries :—By the War Department, $595,431,125 90 ; by the Navy Department, $35,000,000. It has been im possible to obtain an exact statement of the amount of such debts paid by the Navy Department, but sufficient iaformation has been received to justify the Secretary in estimating it in round numbers at $35,000,000, which is pro bably an under rather than an over estimate. The expenditures of the War Department have been furnished in detail, and are believed to be substantially correct. These figures show that the money expended by the War and Navy Depart ments between the first day of April, 1865, and the first day of November, 1868, on claims justly chargeable to the expenses of the war, amounted to $630,431,125 90, to which should be.added amount advanced to the Pacific roads, $42,194,000 ; amount paid for Alaska, $7,200,000. Total, $679,825,125 90. Deducting this sum from the amount of the revenues, $1,662,476,062 20, and $160,174,475 48, the increase of the public debt, the remainder, $1,142,825,411 78, or an average of $318,928,021 89 per annum, is the amount actually expended in the payment of current expenses and interest. THE RITUAL JUDGMENT. The Times adds another to its numerous leaders on the Rittial judgment. The object of the article is to chew that the judgment has been entirely misunder stood so far as it is supposed to favour the defendants. The main source of comfort to the Ritualists—that the celebrant is bound to stand before the Lord's table—the Times believes to be no comfort at all. The judgment simply decided as to whether the celebrant should stand or kneel, and did not decide his position when standing. The effects of this judgment will be, according to the Times, that the Prayer for the Church Militant and the whole of the notice of celebration must be read, while the Gloria before the Gospel must be omitted, the singing of hymns in the middle of the Communion Service and the chanting of the sentences of the Offertory must be discontinued. On the other hand, the introduction of hymns before the evening ser mon, the evening sermon itself, the organ volunta ries, and the collects are wholly untouched by the judgment. The rub r i c must, indeed, be literally observed, but the rubric affects only the order of common prayer, and when the communion service is not used, the sermon and its accessories form an additional service, commencing when the common prayer is finished, and having no necessary connec tion with it. As long as the order of prayer is in progress, it may not be' varied ; when it is completed, any service of preaching not in itself unlawful may be undertaken. With regard to vestments, also, the Times believes that the Ritualists are wrong. They argue that as the Privy Council condemned lighted candles because these did not satisfy an indispensable condition of ornaments, the Council is bound to accept the vestments because they do satisfy that con dition. To this the Times replies : "It need scarcely be pointed out that a condition may be indispensable without being sufficient. No church ornament can be lawful which was not prescribed by the Prayer Book of 2nd and 3rd Edward VI., but it cannot be concluded that every ornament is lawful which was so prescribed. In effect, no one but the most exag gerated Ritualists doubts that the vestments referred to in the Rubrics of King Edward's first Prayer Book were disallowed by the later statute of the same reign, the statute of Elizabeth as mo dified by the advertisements, and the canons, and have never been revived. The point, of course, was never raised in the recent contention, but if It ever comes before the Judicial Committee the Ritualist clergymen will find that their interpreta tion of the law of ornaments is as unsound as their speculations on the law of ceremonies." In conclu sion, the Times contends that the judgment " esta blishes the Prayer Book as the single and sufficient guide of the common devotions of the members of the English Church. It disallows all addition to or diminution of its plain directions. It reaffirms the constitutional status of the English Church as an organisation endowed and established by the Legis lature of the English people." THE CASE OF OTEREND, GURNEY, AND CO. The directors of Overend and Gurney are not left without an advocate. " Spero " has addressed a letter to the Post in answer to what he calls Dr. Thom's " triumphant acknowledgment of support in the prosecution." As Dr. Thom's letter is evidently designed to make people suppose that his conduct meets with general approval, " Spero " undertakes to represent what he believes to be the public view of the question. He has heard on all sides expressions of sympathy for the un fortunate gentlemen, and he thinks that the reopen ing of the scandal is generally regretted. Every ono admits that the directors were to blame for conceal ing the true state of the concern, but it is quite clear that they thought they were acting in the interest of their shareholders in doing so. They had two courses open to them—to make a full confession of the facts, or to ask for more subscriptions under a new name. They chose the latter course, with the fatal results we all know. The directors themselves have lost everything ; their magnificent commercial position, their fortunes and estates, are all gone ; and now it is attempted to brand them with infamy. Their worst offence was an unconditional confidence in their business, which precluded them from contem plating the possibility of failure. A MONUMENT TO GRATTAN. The ultra-loyal party in Ireland is se , ast at the barefaced wickedness of the "patriots." They (the " patriots ") are going to erect a monument to Grattan. This, at a time when the Mayor of Cork has waved the green flag, when Limerick is in tumult, and viten a Tipperary landlord is lying shot, makes the wise amongst the loyalists shake their heads signifi cantly, and murmur, by no means either soft or low, somathinscahout " symptoms." _tdeen-seated disease.! ONTUARY. The deaths of three naval men are recorded. Com mander Richard Lock Connolly, well known to Bath men, died on that city on the 4th, in his 84th year, being ofre of the few survivors of the bstle of the Nile. Captain John Sibbald, R.N. who has just died at 59 years of age, was one of Sir John Ross's companions in his Antartic expedition. Admiral Charles Warde, whose death, at 83 yeiift of age, is announced, was a Knight of Hanover, but was no;, on the active list of the royal navy. DE GUSTIDUS NON DISPUTANDUM. The Daily Netts is conducting a genekal assault on tne evil tendencies of this generation. And really one can hardly account for the tastes which our con temporary attacks. There is, first, the rage for expensive desserts. Seasonable fruit is " common," and is therefore despised. Fruits out of season are sought after. Peas "a penny a piece"are the"luxuries" which grace the table of the would-be-thought rich. Pears are offered by the " high " fruiterers a couple of guineas apiece. Flowers, too, are produced in winter whose proper time is the end of summer. The money spent during the festive season in ball-room flowers alone would feed the poor of the East-end for a long time. And it is remarked that " people of quality " do not thus ostentatiously shew their wealth. The " upstart" —the officers of some bubble company who wish to give the impression that they are " good for any amount "—thus " shew off." And perhaps it is a good piece of advice to a shareholder to " sell out" directly he sees anything of the kind in the officers of any concern in which he is interested. But while this cannot be defended, a second leader of our contemporary notices a positively degrading, and, unfortunately, increasing " taste." A love for almost completely undressed young ladies seems to actuate the majority of theatre goers. The old pantomime its fun, frolic, childishness, and imbecility has given place to a "spectacu lar burlesque." The " spectacles" which one sees are made up to a great extent by whirling fairies ; and everyone knows what that means. Our publications, too, are beginning to lean to the same side. A Christmas number, which is reported to have sold over 150,000 copies, consists of a series of pictures, exclusively, or all but exclusively, of young girls, got up in diffe rent costumes, and represented as occupied in different amusements, most of them designed to bring out into bold relief those of their physical charms which are supposed to render them super ficially attractive to the masculine sex. " Girls, girls, girls (exclaims the Daily News)—impudent, frisky, fast, vulgar, but always rendered so as to be seductive to the masculine gaze—such are the attrac tions, the amusements, the entertainments of the aze." THE CIII3IINAL QUESTIOI' In his recent lett er t o the Times on the subject of criminals, Mr. Baker observes that those who have made a life-long s t u d y o f the question can appreciate its . importance far more than the general public is likely to do. The case of those men who become hardened in crim e th rou gh long practice attracts the notice of all experienced persons, and it is to be remembered that few can become skilled in crime without this practice. In the year 1859 Mr. Baker took a census of all th e boy-thieves in London, and . was found that man y of them had been frequently convicted. They all agreed upon two points_ first, that boy-thieves are always instructed by boys ; and, seco n dly, that no boy - thief ever attains proficiency without from four to eight imprisonments. The decisive course taken to check the spread o f j uv enile delinquency was not without its effect s . Every boy on his first conviction was subjected to a short imprisonment, and on his second to a long re f orm atory sentence, and Middlesex juvenile crime fell from 41,113 convicts to 1,511 in six years. Mr. Baker believes that great advantages would follow upon the adoption of a nearly similar system with adults. It would be advisable to warn all offenders that a first conviction will entail a month's imprisonm. a, second twelve months, a third seven years' penal tilde, and a fourth penal servitude for life. He considers that far more justice would be done by this system than by following the present plan ; and he forcibly follows up his sugges tion by declaring that if the prevention of crime be an object, it is necessary that those who are to be deterred should understand the sen tence that awaits them. Mr. Baker thinks that more care should be taken in tracing the antecedents of the offender, and if inquiries fail to meet the desired end, the prisoner should be called upon to shew where he has lived for the last five years. GENEItAL CUST AND COLONEL ITAMLEY. General Cust has answered Colonel Hamley's remonstrance through the columns of the Times. He denies the charge of personality, and declares that the strictures in the pamphlet which Colonel Hamley complained of were directed against the whole school of writers to which the Colonel belongs, with the Quarterly reviewer at their head. General Cust considers that Colonel Hamley supports the theoretical study of war rather than the practical, and reminds him of the great Puke's aphorism, that the most useful t eac hing for a soldier is to see service. His reason for circulating his pamphlet at this moment was to bring the whole subject .. before the Crown Commis sion now sitting on military education. The general belongs to the old is school, the colonel to the new, and unluckily each too conscious of the merits of his own plan to perceive any merit in the other. STEEL PROCESSES. Mr. Bessemer invented a cheap process for maAng steel which has superseded old methods, and has made a name and a fortune for him. Mr. Heaton, trying for the same r esu lt, h as discovered another process. The steels produced, however, are in some respec ts dissimil ar . Mr. Bessemer likes his own child best. Mr. Heaton considers his steel greatly superior to Mr. Bessemer's. The two inventors • have been disputing finely in the Times for the last fort n i g ht. It puzzles a " non -professi▪ onal" to know what it is all about. But words have run high, and the passions of the disputants have evidently been excited. They have called in professional evidence. Dr. Percy thinks the quantity of phosphorus in Heaton's steel such as to injure it. Prof essor Mill e r, assayer to the Royal Min• t, however, has recorded a totally contrary opinion. And_ so the professional evidence falls to the ground. The ultimat e de c i s ion must be left to the steel - buy i ng public. A DISCOVERY IN JERUSALEM. Mr. Grove, the honorary secretary of the Palestine Exploration Fund, has addressed a letter to the Times, stating that a very important discovery has recently been made respecting the exact position of the Temple, by Lieutenant Warren, of the Royal Engi neers. Mr. Grove reminds us that the discovery of the site of the Temple is a point of great import ance in the successful exploration of the Holy Land. Everything, he thinks, will come right if that is found out, so that he regards Mr. Warren's disco very as highly important. Mr. Warren, accord ing to his own account furnished to Mr. Grove made his discovery in consequence of the displacement of the ground by heavy rains. He has ascertained that the north wall of the plat form of the Mosque of Omar is built on the edge of a perpendicular scarped rock. If the present flooring of the Haran Area were removed, a sudden artificial gap, running from east to west, would be visible in the surface of the rock. Mr. Warren succeeded in examining this gap for some distance, when he found a subterranean arcade about thirty five feet in width, which apparently runs the whole length of the platform, 520 feet. It supports the flooring of the Haran Area, and has no appearance of being constructed for a tank ; there is not a sign of plaster about it, and the rock seems to have been scarped for view.Th e arches appear to be Saracen ic,while the masonry in the walls is of a very miscellaneous character. This discovery will probably affect the plan of future operations, as it does not tally with previous conjectures. The great difficulty about the matter is the unwillingness of the Turkish authorities to concede permission to explore inside the Harm. Mr. Warren says that he has been for several months waiting an opportunity to examine the ground on the northern side of the mosque, as he is convinced there are vaults there, and he now thinks it likely the souterrain extends all along the northern edge of the Mosque platform. It is to be hoped he will soon be able to follow up his discovery. Twenty-six Chinamen attended the Bibl© class of a Methodist church at Santa Clara, California, and are re ported to be interested and learn rapidly. IADI'ERTISE3rPST.I—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.— A large and important class of society suffers year after year, and has life robbed of half its pleasures through sub jection to some cutaneous complaint, readily remediable by Holloway's treatment. His wonderful productions have now become so appreciated in every part of the world that they form a complete household treasure. The worst cases of ulcers, wounds, and every variety of skin diseases, for which so many remedies have been tried without effect, readily succumb to their:power. They act so mira culo'isly on the system as to be considered a complete phenomenon in the healing art. For this reason they are advocated by many modern practitioners, after everything else has proved successful. COINAGE OF THE UNITED STATES. Dr. Linderman, the director of the Mint, reports the operations of that institution for the fiscal year ending the 30th of June last. The total deposits of gold and silver, less re-deposits, were $24,591,325. The value of the coinage, including nickel-copper and bronze, was $27,447,606 ; pieces struck, 49,735,810. Operations were suspended for three months for repairs, reducing the time of coinage for the lower coins to nine months. The Mint is re ported in the most efficient condition, and it is proved by experience that coinage can be executed at the principal Mint at less ex pense than in any other part of the country. As the means of safe transportation have lately in creased, there is no reason for reviving coinage ope rations at either of the three branch Mints formerly in operation in the Southern States, and he there fore recommends that those establishments be dis posed of. The machinery for the new branch Mint in Nevada will be put up during the present winter, and a new building is to be erected at San Francisco on a scale commensurate with the bullion interests of that region. This branch and the Mint at Phila delphia the Director thinks sufficient for the prompt execution of the coinage of the country. Ho recommends the repeal of the Act of Con gress which conflicts with contracts for separat ing and refining bullion with outside parties, and that they be authorized whenever they benefit the public interest, the saving thereby being about 3 cents per ounce. An important recommendation is the renewal made in the last annual report of the suggestion providing for the reduction and re demption of inferior coins, by creating a fund out of the profits of such coinage, and making it the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to receive any offered in specified amounts, and to pay for them out of the fund created. from the profits. The net profits from the minor coinage and paid into the Treasury are large, amounting during the last fiscal year to $1,300,000. The discontinuance of the coinage of bronze. two cent pieces is recommended. Copper-nickel cents to the amount of $260,482 was purchased during the last fiscal year, and, being paid for in three and five cent nickel coins, netted a small profit to the United States, while reducing the redundancy of cent coins. The pro priety and policy of charging for the coinage of bullion is discussed, the conclusion being a recom mendation to lower the present charge of half per cent. to one-quarter per cent. The tendency of this change would be to turn gold bars into coin, and so prepare for a gold currency. The change in the small silver coins of France and Germany le , explained, the international coinage question dis cussed, and interesting information given of the attempt of the Chinese to furnish a silver cur' rency, in which they followed the American co' tesimal notation, issuing pieces of the denomination of ten, five, and one. The report is valuable, being full of statistical information, and interesting and important matter. The Price of Gold. The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par, and the short exchange on London is 25f. 20c. per £1 sterling'• On comparing these rates with the English Mint price Of Os. lOid. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold it about 1.10111 par cent. dearer in London than i° Paris. The course of exchange at New York on London for bll l5 at 60 days' sizht was on the last date about 1091 percent. At this rate there is no profit on the importation of gold from the Uni tates. Henry Ward Beecher's church has chosen three " deaconnesses" to assist the deacons in their visits to the sick and the poor. A proposition is to be made at the approachiog Session of Congress to erect at the Capitol a statue of Thaddeus Stevens. [ADVERTISEMENT.]-11enceorth no one will doubt the valuabl e properties of Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Arable! Invalids' and Infants' Food, since to the thousands of blessing.; it has already received from Invalids whos e p os iti on h a d bee' deemed hopeless, we may now add that of his Holiness the Pop e ; whose health has been perfectly restored by it after thirty years e: unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote from the " Gazette d: Midi," July 25th :—" Rome, .1 my 21,1866. - The health of the 11°l 1 Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other renl e ‘ dies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalen t ? Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every ine sl ,; It has produced a surprisi ng ly b ene ficial effect on his health, a O O his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too highly." extract a few out of more than 63,000 cures :—Cure No. 58,216, 0 the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver co m plaiLl , wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous palpits,ti?! all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the most tolerable nervous agitation. Cure No. 1.771: Lord Stuart Decies, Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years' dyspePs! ti , No. 49,832: "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsl: nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spas..fa'' sickness, and vomiting—Maria Joly." Cure No. 46 , 270 : DO: James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased lung' spitting of blood, liver derangement, and pariial deafness. n 3 1,, portant Caution—Beware of the many uns avoury an d more flat sloppy imitations to which, without authority, Baron Liebi6 name is most audaciously attached. In tins, at ls. 14d. ; 1 lb. 28. 9d. ; 2lbs. 48. 6d.; 5 lbs, 118.; 12 11 30 ' 225. ; 24 lbs., 40s.—Also Du BARRY'S REYALENTAARABICA CLIOC°;„ LATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters; for 12 cups at 25., for'"' cups at Is. 6d., for 48 cups at is., for 288 cups at 305., for 576 Ct' at 55s.—being about one penny per cup. The 30s. and 55s tie, are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Post 011 1 order.—BAßßY nu BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-street, LO' v don; and all Grocers and Chemists. Births. DIMIAM—On the 3d inst., at Middleton Lodge, Bideford+ the wife of Commander C. J. Didham, R.N., of a sou. HENRY —On tho 6th inst., at Bognor, the wife of T. 13 ' Henry, Esq., of a son. SHIELDS—On the 6th inst., at Durham, the wif e o f Job° Shields, Esq., of a daughter. Marriages. LENNY—LONG—On tho 7th inst., at St. George's, Nottirir hill, Sam Lenny, 9, Addison-gardens-South, Kensinr ton, W., to Ellen, daughter of the late William Long , Esq., Brighton. PEEL—PLAY AIR - On the sth inst, at Edinburgh, Edmund Peel, Esq., 14th (King's) Husszu s, son of John Pee l ' Esq., Middleton Hall, Warwickshire, to Jessie A o ' daughter of Dr. Lyon Playfair, C. 8., Deaths. BLAKE—On the 2d inst., Silas Wood Blake, Esq., Veil ll9 House, Upton, Somerset. CAMPBELL—On the sth inst., at Leamington. Alexand e Cameron Campbell, Esq., o f Monzie, aged 57. ELLIOT— On the sth inst., in London, Captain Amyand 0 * B. Elliot, late sth Bengal L.C., aged 45. ILvrenAnD—On the sth inst., at Fulham, Chas. Hatchar cil Esq., aged 50. POOLE—OII the Gth inst., at 97, Grove-road, Hornsey-rd 4 Mrs. A. H. Puule, aged 73. London : Printed and Published by WILLIA.3I ANDENNI of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at THE SUN °Moe, No Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County ° Middlosex.—Friday, January s, 1869 K INAIIAN Tcia colebra.ted prize Medal. It Pure, Mild, Bold in Bottles, the Agents in the i 8, GREXT Observe the Red han's LL Whisky.' ANUTUAL ancori 14, RIISSELI,-; An ADVANCES MON hold or Leasehold able weekly, monl For free on reel VrADAME IT I. BAKER-; A PORTS added.—Nclmissio. OYAL I -EA) Propriet4 Everybody in L, Ind see the NION Vide (he Public Pi D. Dav:s. Mr. A. I rington, Miss Kate and a host of othe KO' Mr. .T 014; James's Hall), Ch: will shortly appea ARGYLE EVENING Rooms have been and Co. The eel an attractive Pr( Dance Music. WIN Musical Dire K FA'I'R T I T HICH AL Testimonials fro' Sold in Boxes, ls. by KEATING Londc C 0 UNTE pTIE only a ss. 6d. rei 105, Fleet-street GLASS CLO' VICTUA -w ILL lAA Fleet-g The Pavement, r TABLE CI. e*pressly : for Tray Cloths every descriptio VARDIGA3 NJ use, War and GF Hid Co., LicEN street, City, and WILLIAA VICTITA Fleet-street, Oil rant, Clapham with Prico List, TO LI -W I L LI, LICEN 105, Pleet-street 5, The Pavemet HOTELS, DISPOSA Advances made the whole amour full particulars of at all prices. A orders for which trade travellers. Rouse-square, E.( Co , Distillers, Du LAMBERT EPFECI bowels or affect is admitted to living coughs, pient consumpt faculty pronoui ticking which p ing consumptio deprived of sle( tion, may deper Prepared only King William-s druggists, in bo 2s. 9d. each. I matic Balsam. stamp. SEAMEN'S off Greenw Naticns, who ai The receipts £879 less than SUBSCRIPT Williams, Doac the Secretary, a street, London, Qua! fication Governor, £lO 1 _ESTABLI duri The relative fessional Men, Weekly paymet bined with the establishment, This establis raised by her .11.' and it is man. Lady Laura I Caroline Russo All inf Win; ten or personal Subscription Treasure; at THE LII G Offices-1, The Investe Fire Revenue i The moderate Bonus for the value as SPI render them leave is grante thirty days aft NATION, Richmon Under the patro: Whereby a hor Girls of all ages the kingdom. The object of 1 lish education, and laundry, to wise provided 1 suitable sitnatio The Committl entirely sustain Office, 121, Pa HEALTH REST DU BARI and Inf saves fifty tim perfect digesti refreshing &el most disorder effectually inc gumption, hal ran gements, nervousness,' catarrhs, col( rheumatism, ralgia, irrits heartburn, b nitusea and si , fits, bronchiti the pit of the the most digoi for invalids a' IMPORTANT and more tha rity, Baron L Henceforth Du Barry's 1 and Infants' ] has already been deemed ness the Pop by it after thi We quote fr 18.418):—"B Holy Father other remedi Barry's Reva' plateful at ev beneficial eff praise this ea Cure No. 5 years' liver nese, irritabil digestion, cm aervous agits Cure N 0.7 Stuart do Dc ford:—"l ha food.—STIJAI Waterford." Cure No. from dyspep flatulency, si of Lynn, No. • Cure No. 4 nervousness, roils fancies. Cure No. years diarrh( The Food lb., 4s. 6d. ; canisters, cal .. arry s Revs nu canisters cups at 65., 1 about cne pe free of carrit BARRY DU also at For Gracechtue: New North- Dool