The Sun. — London, England, 1860-05-02 00:00:00

i~~!~~ ~..✓ it t • - • Cei t 31,:\ 4 - . -4Z ' _ffle • 4 , 00 ari • 3f.. _ 413' ( ag ‘111861"tmall. 760 k\ ‘ At , , ( 1%, •t. 1 4' ,),„, ' • , 7 e :" • e . d 4.1 ••1. , 14 11 101190,“ •*-mak ^ 4l. - e 10 . " 4 , • , „, k ROTT. ",•ik 8„ - a ,oArt r ..„ , • r ~ ,~. ~~~~, //~ ~~ `~~ ~~~s'k r OUNTRY APARTMEN I S.—To be LET, V Furnished, THREE BED ROOMS, a Sitting Room, and use of a Kitchen, near a healthy village twelve miles from London; - The horse stands in. a,very-extensive garden and is close to Bushy Park, at an easy dist nce from two stations. Omnibuses p tea within a few minutes' walk to and from London, and the stationsfil 'lima during the day. To tho . se seeking rural retirement and quiet comfbrt this ad vertisement offers unusual advantages. Address, M. E., Hampton Wick, Middlesex. c •• CRYS TAL . PALACE.- SEASON 1860-1. . . TICKETS for the NEW SEASON, terminating on the 30th April,lB6l, are now ready for issue. They are of liwo classes, viz., Two Guineas, admitting free on all occasions ; One Guinea, admitting free on all occasions when the twice of admission to the Palace on the dayis under Five Shilling - s, but admitting on those days on which the price of admission is Five Shillings or upwards on payment of Half-a-Crown. The days on which the price of admission is fixed at Five Shillings and upwards already decided upon are— The MENDELSSOFIN FESTIVAL and GREAT PER FORMANCE of ELIJAH and Torchlight procession, on Friday, May, 4. The SIX OPERA CONCERTS, on Fridays, May 11th, June Ist, 15th, 22d, July 6th, and 13th. The. GREAT FLOWER SHOW, on Saturday, May 26. The MUSICAL FESTIVAL of the ORPITEONIST ES of FRANCE, on Mondiy, 25th ; Tuesday, 26th ; and Thurs day, 28th June. Other appointments at a rate of admission of Fiye Shil lings or upwardi may be made as the Season progresses. Season Tickets for Children under twelve years of age will be issued at the uniform rate of Half-a-Guinea. Tickets and the published Programme of the Sea ion may be had at the usual Agents, at the Crystal Palace, or at 2, Exeter-hall. By order, GEORGE GROVE, Secretary. CRYSTAL PALACE NEW SEASON. 31ENDELSSOHN FESTIVAL, FRIDAY next, May 4. The following is the order of the arrangements for this the Great Opening Fete of the New Season 1860-61 : Doors open at 12 o'clock. Performance of ELIJAH at 3 o'clock, concluding with God Save the Queen. Unveiling of Statue on terrace half an hour after the conclusion of the Oratorio (probably soon after six o'clock), and Serenade by Members of German Gesang-Ve reine. At dusk (probably between a quarter and half-past eight o'olock) a Great Torchlight Procession, terminating at the foot of the Statue,,a full view of which may be obtained from the Paltice and upper terrace—Military Music—Display of Fountains. To afford ample time for visitors byearriages or by railway leaving the Palace with convenience and facility, the gas standards used forthe Christmas Festival will ba lighted for an evening promenade in the Centre Transept and Naves, during which favourite selections of music will be performed by , the Military Band and on the org an. Season ticket holders and others are earnestly requested to secure tickets at once, that ample provision may be made. By_ order. Crystal Palace, May 1, le4 G. GROVE, Secretary. Prices of Tickets—Admission tickets (if purchased on or before `To-morrow, the 3d of Hay), ss. ; by payment at the doors on the day of the Festival; 7s. 6d.; reserved stalls, ar ranged in blocks, as at the Handel Festival, in the area, ss. extra ; or in the corner galleries half a guinea extra. Tickets at the Crystal Pal ice, and at 2, Exeter Hall, where also plans of the seats may be inspected ; or by order of the usual agents. The:W.4 Season Ticketlo64ll admit on this occasion, sub ject to the usual regulations. CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS, Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Strand.—Farewell Season in Lon - lon, previous to the retirement of Mr. J. W. Raynor on the 2d• of August.—Every Evening at 8, and every Saturday Morning at 30 - clock. Tickets and places may be secured at the Hall from 11 till 4, and at Mr. Austin's West-end Box office, St. James's Hall, Plocadilly.—Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. J. W. RAYNOR. ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Picea dilly.—Open every Evening, with thecelebrated Band conducted by Mons. Lamotte (chef d'orcheatra to the Em perot Napoleon). A magnificent SMOKING SALOON added to this Establishment. Doors open at 8 o'clock. Ad mission, Licensed pursuant to Act of Parliament. T HE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, NIGH HOLBO RN. This Establishment,, pre-eminently distinguished for the elegance and matchless beauty of its decorations, ' combined with the perfeetion of its management, is OPEN EVERY EVENING for DANCING. The celebrated band, under the direction of Mr. W. M. Packer, plays a nightly-varied selec tion of the mv t approved classical and modern music. Doors open at half-past 8. Overture at 9. Closing at: 12 punctually. Admission, is. A New Edition of THE PHILOSOPHY ' OF MARRIAGE. By JOSEPH K - AHN, Gra 7uate in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery in the Royal and Imperial University .9f Vienna, Erlangen, &c. This popular work (which has been translated into four dif— ferent languages) has now gone through 41 Editions of 10,00) each, and is , designed to impart accurate knowledge on sub jects which involve the means of securing moral and physical happiness. Price Is., or post free for 12 stamps direct from the Author, 17, Harley-street, Cavendish-square, London,W. DECAY ED TEETH. R. ESKELL'S celebrated OSTEOPLASTIC ../.7i n ENAMEL.—The only stopping Rir tender and decayed Teeth that will not become discoloured. For front teeth in valuable. Post free for 30 stamps (directions enclosed). 314, Regent-street, London, facing the Polytechnic. EDDING STATIONERY, including every requisite.—Beautfful and elegant designs by DE LA RUE and Co. A sample packet and price list sent free. No charge for carriage on orders over 20s. The London Depot for De La Rue and Co.'s manufactures—HENßY GOOD'S, 60, Moorg - ate-street, E.C. Card plates and crest dies engraved in the first style, and note papers beautifully embossed incoloured relief, or if plain, stamped without charge. An illustrated catalogue will be fbrwarded free on application. REDUCTION OF TEN POUNDS PER TON In the price of T ITORLEY'S FOOD " FOR CATTLE On and after the Ist Of April.lB6o. Barrels ctg 948 Feeds, wg nett 1121 be„ with measure, 40s each Cases „ 448 Feeds, ~ • 1121bs„ in Packets, 45s each Carriage paid to any railway station in the kingdom, Nutritives value .. £l5 Condimental value .. .. 125 Total .. £l4O per ton. showing a "profit of £lOO per ton through the nse of this in valuable compound, adapted for the seasoning of all kinds of food for animals. Agents required in every town where none are already appointed. , JOSEPH THORLEY, the Inventor and sole Proprietor. Offices, 77, Newgitte-street, London. A Pamphlet sent free by post on application. PRESENTS.— ORNAMENTAL and SCIEN TIFIC.—ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, and Dining-room, consisting of anew and elegant assortment of VA SES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &c., in Italian,Alabas ter, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her Majesty, 149, Stand,.W.C., London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, VINERALS, and FOSSILS which will greatly facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOG-Y, and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT, at 149, Strand, W.C. RIIPTURES.-BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. 'WHITE'S MOO-MAIN LEVER TRUSS is allowed by upwards of 200 Medical Gentlemen' to be the most effective invention in the curative treatment of HERNIA. The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Moe-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease and closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn during sleep. A descriptive circular may be had, end the truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being lent to the manuftzturer. Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly. A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. 6d., and 31s. 6d. Postage, is. A Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd. An Umbilical Truss, 421. and 525. ed. Postage, ls. 10d. Post-office Orders to be made payable to John White, Post office, Piccadilly. ELASTIC STOCKINGS, KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all cases of Weakness and Swelling of the Legs, Sprains, &c. They are porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on like an ordinary stocking. Price 3s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 103., and 16s. each. Postage 6d. JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 228, Piccadilly. TULLIEN FUND. GP COMMITTEE Room--50, NEW BOND-STREET. The Committee of the Jullien Fund, fearing that the sub scriptions have been materially checked by the unfortunate death ot Mons. Jullien, desire to explain that a widow and others, members of his family, can be protected from want only by the kind aid of those who appreciate the great ser vices rendered by the late lamented maestro to the cause of the musical education of the English people. The committee confidently appeal to that benevolence for which their countrymen are so distinguished, for such prompt and liberal additions to the subscription list as shall , enable them to do some Justice to the memory of M. Jullien, and at the same time afford adequate relief 'to his bereaved family. COMMITTEE for the DISTRIBUTION of the JULLIEN FUND. Mr. John Mitchell _ __._ Mr. W. Duncan Davison Mr. W. R. Sams I Mr. Jules Benedict Mr. Thomas Chappell , Mr. A. Blumenthal . HONORARY TREASIJRERS. Mr: John Mitchell, 33, Old Bond-street Mr. T. Chappell, 50, New Bond-street Mr. W, R. Sams, 1, St. James's-street BANKERS. Messrs. Coutts and Co., Strand _ _ lierivood, Kennards, and Co., Lombard-street London and County Bank, Ilanover:;qutiie ; Who, as well as the honorary treasurers, have kindly con sented to receive subscriptions. April 25th, 1860. A 80011 TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS. OrIVEN AWAY.-26,000 Copies of a MEDICAL BOOK, for the benefit of Nervous Sufferers, sent, post free, by the author, secure from observation, on receipt of a directed envelope, enclosing two stamps, the PRIVATE MEDICAL FRIEND, a new work on the Self-cure of Ner vous Debility, Loss of Memory, Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike to Society, &c., which, if neglected, result in consumption, insanity, and premature death, with plain directions for perfect restoration to health and vigour, The True Guide to those who desire a speedy and private Cure. " Every young man should peruse this excellent little work if he values his health, happiness, and peace of mind." —British Critic. By HENRY Smrrn, Esq., 8, Burton-crescent, Tavistock-square, London, W.C. NO MORE MEDICINE FOR HABITUAL CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), DEBILITY, NERVOUS, BELIOUS, PULMONARY, AND LIVER COMPLAINTS. PU BARRY'S DELICIOUS ' HEALTH RESTORING REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD. — Certificate No. 36,418.—1 n our practice we have been enabled to appreciate the virtues of Du Barry's Food. In its effect on chronic dyspepsia (indigestion), nervousness, constipation, diarrhoea, on bilious and liver complamts, cough, asthm t i de bility, and incipient consumption, we find it the safest remedy. .—Dr. Ure, M.D., F.R.S., Dr. Harvey, Dr. Bright, Dr. Shor land, Dr. Campbell. Du Barry's Food cures effectually—Acidity, asthma bilious ness, blood to the head, bowel complaints, bronchitis, ca tarrh, colds, congestion, constipation, consumption, cramps, cough, debility, despondency, diarrhoea, disten don, dizziness, dropsy, drowsiness, dysentery, dyspepsia (Indigestion), erup tions. exhaustion, fevers, epileptic fits, flatulency, gout, ha bitual constipation, headache, heartburn, haemorrhoids, hys teria, impurities, indigestion (dyspepsia,) irritability, irrita tion of kidneys and bladder, liver complaints, loss of memory, low spirits, nausea and sickness, nervousness, nervous fan cies, neuralgia, noises in the ear, pains between the shoul ders, palpitation, partial paralysis, phlegm, pulmonary com plaints, rheumatism, scrofula, sinking, sleeplessness, sore throat, spasms, tightness across the chest. At about one penny per meal, it effectually cures the above, also children's complaints, and saves fifty times its cost in medicine. It does not turn acid nor interfere with a liberal diet but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most eiafeebled. We extract a few out of many thous Ind cures : Cure No. 54,816, from the Rev. James T. Campbell, Syder stone Rectory, near Fakenham, Norfolk : "In all cases of in digestion, and particularly where the liver is affected, I consider it the best of all remedies. —James T. Campbell." Cure No. 71, of Dyspepsia, from the. Right Honourable the Lord Stuart de Decies : " I have derived considerable benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabic& Food. Stuart de pecies:"—Cure No. 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting, hove been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food. Maria Joly, Wortham Ling, near Disc. Norfolk."..--Cure No. 52,087: Field-Marshal tlse Duke of Pluskow, of a gastric inflamma tion of the stormach.—Cure No. 51,614: Baron de Polentz, Prefect of Langenau. nf many years horrible sufferings of the nerves and an obstinate constipation. Cure No. 47,121: Miss ElizabetA Jacobs of Nazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herta, a owe of extreme nervousness indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.— Cure No. 48,314: Miss. Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Li' verpool : a cure of ten years'• dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. —Cure No. 18 216 : Dr, Andrew Ure, of constipation, dyspepsia, nervous irritability.—Cure No. 34,210: Dr. Shorland, of dropsy and debility.—Cure No. 36,212: Cap tain Allan, of epileptic fits.—Cure 42,116 ;Major Edie, of enlargement of the liver, and total prostration of strength Cure No. 33,418: Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spasms, and daily vomitings.—Cure No. 26,418: Dr. Harvey, of diarrhoea and debility.—Cure No. 39,618: Dr. Wurtzer, of consumption.—Cure No. 32,880: William Hunt, Esq., Bar rister. of paralysis.—Cure No. 46,270 : Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant, of Frimley, Surrey, 30 years' diseased nags, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness.—Cure No. 46,814: Mr. Samuel Laxton, Lei cester, of two years' diarrhoea. - - Cure. No. 52,612 : The Dowager Countess of Castlestuart, of many years' ner vous irritability, bile and indigestion, —Cure No. 64,812: Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of consumption, after her meth eel advisers had abandoned all hopes of renvery.— Cure No. 180: "Twenty-five years' ,nervousness, con stipation, indigestion, and debility, from which I have suffered great misery, and which no medicine could re move or relieve, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's Food in a very short time. W. B. Reeves, 181, Fleet-street, London."—No. 4,208: " Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for 'ditch my servant had consulted the advice of many, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's health-restoring Food. I shall be happy to answer any inquiries. • Rev. John W. Flavell, Ridlin n Rectory, Norfolk." No. 3'2,836 : " Three years' excessive nervousness, with pains in my neck and left arm, And general debility, which rendered my life vets , miserable, haft been radically removed by Du Barryle health-restoring Food. Alex. Stuart, Archdeacon of Ross, Shibbereen." Cure No. 3,906: Thirteen years' cough, indigestion. and gene ral debility, have been removed by Du Barry's excelle Food. In Canisters : 11b. 25.96., 21b, 4s. 66., 121 b. 225., 241 b. 40s. Superrefined quality: 51b. 225., 101 b. 335. The 101 b., 121 b., and 241 b. canisters carriage free on receipt of Post-office Order, by Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, R ecent-street, London ; Fort num, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly ; Abbis, 60, Gracechurch street ; also at 63 and 150 Oxford-street,33o, Strand, 4, Cheap side, Lyndon; and through align:aro and phemists. No. 21,144. P VU LIGATION S. DEDICATED T) THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER. Just ready, in 3 vols., THE CURATES OF RIVERSDALE RECOLLECTIONS in the LIFE of a•CLBRGYMAN. Written by Himself. Hurst & Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THE NEW NOVEL. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vole., M A R. Y B E'R T%RA N D. By FRANCIS MEREDITH. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Col burn, 13, Great Marlborough-street. NEW WORK By the Author of "Mary - Powell," and "The Ladies of Bever Hollow." • Now Ready, post Svo., with an Illustration, 7s. 6d., TOWN AND FOREST. By the Author of " Mary Powell" and "The Ladies of Bever Hollow." London : Ribard Bentley. New Burlington-street. DR. RAMADGE ON ASTHMA AND DISEASES OF THE HEART. One Vol., Fivo., greatly improved, Second Edition, price 10s. 6d., ASTHMA:. its Varieties and Complications, with Practical Remarks on their Specific Treatment, illus trated by - Case and Plates coloured from nature. To which is annexed a succinct Treatise on - the principal Diseases of the Heart. By F. iI.'RAMADG,E, M.D., Fellow of the College of Physicians, late senior Physician to the Royal Infirmary for Asthma, Consumption, and other Diseases of the Lungs, &c. London : Longman and Co. The Fourth Edition, Just Published, Bvo, in cloth, price se. " by post free, ss. 6d. ON TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRHCEA ; " with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexual Hypochrondriasis. Translated from the German et Dr. PICKFOR.D. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practical contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed ,himself to theemedical render . :We trust that thi&may not be the Jsst, traihtetect any other squally flagrant evil which it may, his power to correct"—London Medical Gazette. " The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying► bare the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to cure a disease of whidh they know nothing, with no other object than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Spermatorrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemole it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medlcal Circular. " We have dilated so long upon the contents of the preli minary chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of the sub)ect specially treated of by Dr. Pi.ckford ; but the moderate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of every one Interested in the matter."— Dublin Medical Press. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. 144 pages, 70 Engravings, post free 2 stamps. COMMON SENSE in a NUTSHELL; or, Every Man his own Doctor. The MEDICAL ADVISER, containing rules, prescriptions, Sic., for the speedy cure,h3r very simple means, of Spermatorrhcea, and all the more com mon diseases of the urino-genital system, which, from neglect or improper treatment, too often result in Pains in the Back, Gravel, Nervousness, Exhaustion, and Incapacity. Sent post free for two Stamps, by Dr. DE Roos, 10, Berners-street, Oxford-street, W. Now ready, No. XII., price Three-halfpence (to be continued weekly), THE SUNDAY TIMES' RACING RECORD AND HANDICAP BOOK. EDITED BY . ALBERT -FETST. Subscribers in al' parts of the United Kingdom may have the weekly numbers and the bound parts supplied to them, post free, on the payment of one guinea per annum: THE SPRING PART OF THE SUNDAY RACJNG. RECORD Is Now Ready, price sixpence, post free sevenpence. It contains the Programmes for March and April; Nomi nations for the principal races; Derby, Oaks, and Handicap Lots ; Lists of Jockeys and Trainers, and other useful infor mation. The SUMMER PART of the Sunday Times' Racing Re cord will be published on the first of June. Published by Edmund Seale, at the Office, 103, Fleet-street, London, E,C. 3, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON. DR. CULVERWELL, Member o f th e R oya l ' , College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo thecaries Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive indul gences, ;Had Just published, price is. ; by post, 13 stamps,: 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled OURSELVES. Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation —The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure, Also, an Exposition ot, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagis Gonorrhcea), Spermatoracea, Impotency , and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &o. FEMALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women- Functional Ir regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and Removal of Sterility—The Theory and• Symp . toMs of Gegta. tion—Use of the Speenluin, and the securing of Healthy Offspring. Also, _ No. 1. HELLTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY; On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion. No. 2. LOVE AND MARRIAGE : Their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love and othor Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Of secured. No. 3. THE CASE BOOK : 100 Cases of SPERMATORRIREA, Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, Arc. &o. &o. To be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors. Advice to the Working Classes, fee Half-a-Guinea. CURTIS ON MANITOOD - NEW EDITION: MEDICAL ESSAY ON NERVOUS AND GENERA TIVE DISEASES. Just Published, the 125th thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price is., Sold by all Booksellers, or sent post paid, by the Author, for 12 stamps, ANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE ' Li- MATURE DECLINE, with Plain Directions for Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By J. L. CURTIS, 15, Albermarle-street, Piccadilly, London. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological Structure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs. CHAPTER IL—Causes of Supermatorrhcea and Impotence; Early Vicious Indulgences ; Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER I Review of the various Disqualifications of Marriage; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the Follies of Maturity, the Effects-of Climate, or Infection. CHAPTER IV.—The Author's plan of Treatment, Medical and Moral, being the result of a successful practice extending over a p_eriod of 25 years. CHAPTERS V. and VI. on the modern Treatment of Gonorrhoea and Syphilis. The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting e ases, to which is added the Author's receipt of a preventive Lotion. REVIEWS OF THE WORK. " Curtis on Nianhood.—This is a truly valuable work, and should be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times," 23d March, 1856. "The author hat conferred a great berm by publishing this little work, in which is described the son - ee of those diseases which produce decline in youth or mere frequently premature old age."—" Daily Telegraph, • " March 27, 1856. - •• At home for consultation, daily, from 10 till 3 and 6 to S. Sundays, 10 to 1. Send apenny stamp and you will receive, post free, T HE OWN GIRD P. • 7 or, "NATURAL RESTORER of PERFECT HEALTH," without Medicine, by a simple, plea san t , econothical, and unfailing means, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, restoring perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, refreshing; sleep, and 'functional regularity to the most enfeebled, and removing effectually in digestion (dyspepsia), debility, nervousness, cough, asthma, Incipient consumption, dropsy, constipation, flatulency, diar rhoea, dysentery, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, colds, noises in the ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, 'acidify, palpitation, heartburn headache, despondeng, cramps, spasms, nausea, and sickness, sinking fits, bronohl us, also Children's complaints.—S. 'Ai Barry, 77 Regent . street London. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY E VENTING, MAY 2, 1800. IMPERIAL PAR LI A MEN T. HOUSE OF LORDS—(YESTERDAY.) The LQRD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. The North Wales Railway, the Sirhowy Tramroad, and the Tewkesbury, Upton-upon-Severn, and Malvern Junc tion Railway Bills were read a second time. The Glossop and Marple Bridge Road, and the North Staffordshire Railway Bills were read a third time and passed. , THE NAVAL RESERVES. Lord LYNDHURST rose to call the attention of the house to the state of the Naval Reserve, and to ask the Government for an account of its present condition and pro bable future progress. He said—My lords, lam anxious to call your attention to a subject that appears to me to be one of great importance —the actual state of our navy, more particularly that branch of it which is distinguished by the title of the Royal Naval Reserve. If any noble lord more acquainted with the details of the naval profession than I can pretend to be had undertaken this task, I certainly should have remained silent ; but, Wing there was no pro bability of any member of this house undertaking to bring this subject before your lordships, I have felt it my duty, at no little inconvenience to' myself, to present it to your no tice. (Hear, hear.) I shall endeavour, in what I have to state, to confine myself to a simple narrative of the facts, for the purpose of placing before you as clearly as I can the ; actual :tats and future prospects of the navy, and for the purpose of conveying information which I think ought to be possessed by every man in this empire. It must not be supposed that I am about to state anything that can be at all prejudicial to the public service. Almost everything that I am about to state may be collected from public docu ments ; and I believe I may say generally that foreign Go vernments, rivals to this country, are-,more minutely ac quaintetlyilik Aus.conditiOn eisr-g , uny and navy than.the-, great mass of our own people who are not within the official circle. Upon the strength of our navy the character, the ' influence, and, I think I may say, the existence of this country depend. When I say the strength of our navy, I mean thereby the comparative state of the English navy as contrasted with that of foreign Powers, for that is the essen tial consideration. I was informed the other day that a very able man, an engineer, and a member of the Fortifica tion Commission, being asked, " What defence do 'you con sider the beat for oar country ?" answered shortly and emphatically, " A powerful navy—a powerful fleet." My lords, I am old enough to remember the whole history of the revolutionary war, and of the war which succeeded it with the Empire of France. step by step, and victory after 'victory, notwithstanding all its efforts—and every one must recall the gallantry displayed by the French navy— that navy was by the great victory of the Nile, the victory of Lord Duncan, that of Lord St. Vincent, and the great and splendid victory of Trafalgar, reduced at the termination of the war to such a state that for 20 years after that period we remained, so far as our navy was concerned, in a state of perfect tranquillity. That state of things was always galling to the French, and they have at different times ex pressed themselves in terms of great feeling upon the subject When Admiral Lalande lay with his fleet in the Bay of Sa lamis, expecting orders to follew our squadron to the coast of Syria, being continually disappointed and receiving no such orders, lie, in a moment of irritation at the manner in which he was treated, expressed himself in the strongest .terms upon the subject. I mention this as a specimen of the feeling entertained by the members of the French navy with regard to the state to which they were reduced by the triumphant victories of the British. After expressing his indignation at ,the conduct of the French Government in not giving him the orders which he anticipated the admiral said, among other things, " England inflicted upon us a series of cruet defeats and humiliations, which caused and ever will cause every French sailor's heart to beat in pre sence of the English." Such, my lords, was the result of the efforts made during the great French war. Very little change took placeuntil after the memorable event to which I again recall your attention, I mean the accession to su preme-power of the present Emperor of France. In the year 1848 he was elected President of the Republic, and in the following year that c e lebrated commission was appointed :for the purpose of conskkering the reorganisation of the navy of France. That commission was composed of 15 or more of the most able men. selected from the navy and from the civil service of France, and they have framed a most complete code of regulations for the purpose of stimulating and directing the efforts a the French navy. I have stated - one remarkable date with respect to the issuing of that commission. There is another date equally remark able. No report was called for from that commission until after the celebrated event of the 2d of December. About 12 or 14 dais after that coup d'etat—viz., on the 15th of December, a report was called for by Louis Napoleon, and from that time the most active exertions have been made to carry all the recommendations of that commission into effect. I mention these fa eta in order that your lordships may see how faryou can reooncile the dates and facts which I have stated With a certain conversation which is sup posed to have taken place between a Frenchman and an Englishman, and which wes published to the world some time back. My lords, needs I say that the commission was in terms directed agaillst this country . ? If you look to the evidence of the perso: as who were examined before that commission, and to the .remarks of the members, you will see that England was at: that period almost the sole object which Louis Napoleon/ had in view. Mr. Collas, who was the secretary to the commission, says:— " The first thing to este ;blish is the number of ships France ought to and could put to sea the day war •is de clared; for this the basis is i certain, the enemy is known ; there can be no question but of England." That gentleman does not sta nil' alone in the evidence which he gave before the commission. Some of your lordships, perhaps, may have read the opinions appended to the report. The President of the Commi.asion, M. Darn, discussed the manner in which a French ileet, with a proper military force on board, might make • a successful attack upon the shores of this country. Ad) viral Dupetit Thours, a well known name, goes in much greater detail over the same ground, stating how easily a ,landing might be effected, and showing to demonstration tie view with which that com mission was appointed and the object to which its result was directed. My lords, th e result of that commission and of the admirable system wl rich* was formed under it has turned out to be a formida We navy, a . formidable navy of steam vessels, to which alone I confine my observa tions. What were the Gov eminent of this country and the Admiralty doing in them neantime ? For a considerable period they were absolutely aaipine. No notice was taken of what was being done on tho other side of the Channel, until at length, alarmed at the:.: progress which had been made, they began to exert themselv, es, and by a most extraordinary effort and expenditure of mo ney they have at length suc ceeded in forming a fleet, E believe at this moment about equal, but not more than NI tal to that of France. As I un derstand the, matter—and I. have it from the reports upon the table—at the beginning of last year our fleet consisted of 29 sail of the line, and the , French fleet of precisely the same number. Although we were at that time equal in ships of the line, the French were far superior to us in what, they consider of infinite importance—the number of frigates. While we had only 26 frigates, they had 34. What addition has been made to our fleet since the commencement of last year I am not informed.. We shall perhaps hear of it from the noble duke, but I do , not imagine that at this moment our fleet exceeds—or if it does, only in a small degree—the steam naval force of France, And now, my lords, allow me to make an observation founded upon this supposed equality. If your steam navy is nominally only equal to that of France, it is in reality much inferior to it. I speak the opinion of every naval man with whom I have communi cated ; I speak the opinions of the members of the French commission. They all say, "the English have so many points to defend, that with an equal navy they can never 'ring the force to compete with us that we can bring against t hem." And I have heard it stated by more than one naval authority that in order to place ourselves on a footing with t he navy of France we ought to have nearly double the num b er of ships which they can bring into action. But it is some- Viz les said that our seamen are so much batter that they give us the superiority. My lords, let us not delude ourselves in the d manner. The change in the mode of navigation has vet 'y greatly altered the whole system. And, although I agree with Sir H. Dougras that seamanship is of considerable imp ortance, still it is very- different at this moment from wirre, it was at former periods. I have stated the comparative force, , and also the amount of the material, of the French and Engh,sh navies. Let me call your attention for a few mo ments .to what is still more important, their personnel. By the in.seY iPtion maritime, which is part of the French sys tem, every seaman in the merchant service, of whatever rank, a numon seaman, master, and mate, must be entered upon the , register and pass through the navy ; and an au thority, vhose name I dare say is familiar to the noble duke : opposite, .51. de Yleurian, states that at the t i me he wrote there was not a sa l for in the French marine that had not passed through then, avy. Independently of this inscription, there is another meas th "e of great importance adopted, called the levee permanente, ler-which a very large class of men have to pass seven years in navy. What is the result of this state of things ? Why, tha that the moment a French ship is built they have a trained crew ready to put on board ; whereas we have to wait wont. ho after a ship Is in commission before we can send her to sea. A gain, if any great or sudden emergency calls for the fitting- out of a fleet. Franco has trained seamen ready to embark opt'''. any haw are her seamen trained ? enterprise. And • are regularly educated in seamanship, in gunnery, in everytinng that is necessary for the purposes of warfare. The. French regulations require that 10 ships shall always form a squadron of evolution, and shall, at all convenient and pro per times, go to sea with a ,view to exercise the seven. It was, I learn, stated the other day in the other House of Parliament that 40,000 French seamen are regularly employed in the fishing trade off the North American coast, near Newfoundland, and that the French Government, in order to encourage that trade, pay a bounty amounting to more than the value of the fish that is caught, 1 That is a course perfectly consistent with the principles laid'down-by Adam Smith in his admirable work. Nowony lords, let me turn to the other side of the account... Everything, verythini, as the French say, depends upon the personnel—that is, on the manning ; and I am disposed to agree in that remark. What is the force that we require ? —A Channel:fleet equal to that of France, with the means of replacing it in case of disasters. We also require a Medi terranean fleet and a fleet of observation for the protection of our distant possessions. How m e your ships manned, and what materials do you have for manning such a navy ? And here, my lord,, let me remind you that in the event of reverses you are not in the same situation as Franee would be in on the defeat of her fleet, independently of any land ing on your shores. If France were to obtain the mastery of the Channel and to blockade your ports, what becomes of the country ? what becomes of your revenue ? what be comes of your trade ? what becomes of your means of feed ing your people ? The whole island would be thrown into a state of permanent confusion. These are grave considera tions which should convince you that you ought not to be content with an equal force. Nothing short of what is ne cessary for your, absolute security ought to satisfy you on a subject of this kind, 86 vital to your interests, and even to your existence. My lords, what are our means of manning the fleet? I won't speak upon my own authority ; I will quote to, you testimony which cannotbe controverted. What was the language of Sir C. Wood, late First Lord of the Admiralty, speaking on this matter in the other house not long ago ? He says : " I have no doubt that if time be allowed, in the course of two years we should - have not the slightest difficulty in adding to our navy as many men as might be required, but it is when the emergency arises that the .difficulty is• felt. What we want is, not that that number of men should be put on, board at of two years, but in two months, or in two weeks.- -.,liatiatta and Franca eat" (Bear, hear.) Here, my lords, is another authority, for this is not, a recent state of things ; but one that has con. tinued for the last 10 or 15 years. Admiral Berkeley, lately First Naval Lord of the Admiralty, says :—" We have a re serve force of 30 sail -of-the-line, ready for commissioning, and fit to proceed to sea in a few days." That is cheering —encouraging in the highest degree. But what does the same gallant admiral add ? "But where are the men to man them without having recourse to impressment ?" Every man throughout the country admits the impossibility of our again having recourse to impressment. My lords, when it was proposed to send an expedition to the coast of Syria, the Mediterranean fleet was upon a peace establishment. And not only so, but it was far short of its complement of men in consequence of sickness and other casualties. And it be came necessarytherefore repeatedly to apply to this country to send out an additional supply of seamen. Hear what the gallant admiral to whom I have referred says on that sub ject : " The first reinforcement of the seamen, or rather persons so called, did not arrive till the month of January (six months after the warning was given-I) and it amounted to 600 men only. Thus we were left for a period of six months expecting continually, with ships, the complements of which were reduced below their peace establishments, to come into collision with the French fleet, the ships com posing which were fully manned and no means spared to render thud in every respect efficient. Add to which it since appears that the French were fully aware of our weak ness, and were only waiting for orders from their Govern ment to enable thbm to take advantage of it." Such was the state of things at the period to which I have alluded. It has existed, as your lordships will perceive, for a very considerable length of time, and no adequate means have been taken to remedy the evil. But, my lords, I can bring the case down almost to the present day—to the time when our fleet was sent to the Baltic to attack the fleet of Russia. See what was the state of our navy at that time. Ad miral Berkeley wrote to the commander of that fleet in the Baltic to this effect :—" Have any of your ships tried for men. in a Norwegian port ? It is said you might have any number of good seamen from that country." We were so reduced that when we sent out only one single fleet we were so incapable of manning it that the commander of that fleet, not having a sufficient number of English seamen, was desired to search on the different coasts of the country in the neighbourhood of which he lay to see if he could not supply his deficiency by foreign seamen. Is it possible to present a more unfavourable picture of the position in which we stand ? Again, my lords, Admiral Berkeley, in writing to that commander that he was about to send out two vessels, the James Watt and the Prince Regent, states that they would soon join him, but he afterwards adds that "men are wanting, and it is impossible to say how long it will be before they are completed." On the subject of the navy he writes thus : " Notwithstanding the number of landsmen entered, we Ere some nearly to a dead standstill as to seamen, and after the James Watt and Prince Regent reach you I do not know when we shall be able to send you a further reinforcement for want of men ! Something must be done, and 'done siredily, or there will be a break down in our present ricketty system." My lords, I have brought these observations down almost to the present day, and I am afraid at this moment we are not in a better state than that which is described by the authorities to which I have referred. What, then, is to be done ? There is one point arising out of the new system of naval warfare to which I wish to call 'your attention. A blow can be struck in a moment. It does not take time to prepare it. In the course of the evidence given before the commission, to which I have referred it is stated—and many naval men concur in the correctness of the opinion—that the striking of the first blow in the event of a naval war will be almost decisive of the result. My lords, it is our duty not to deceive ourselves—it is our duty to take care that the country is not deceived; it is our duty to meet the difficulty in a manner corresponding with the emergency. When, then, is to be done ? The Government appointed a commission of inquiry as to what course should be adopted for the manning of the navy. At the head of thaf commis sion was my noble and gallant friend who sits before me (Earl of Hard wicke). No selection could have been more proper, from the gallantry, naval skill, as well as from the civil experience of the noble lord. That Commission met in July, IMB, and made its report in the February follow ing—that is; about a year ago. What did they recom mend? An addition of 4,000 sailors to the home reserve. I believe I may state, although I shall be happy to be con tradicted on that point, that not one of these men has yet been raised. I am glad to read the smile on the counte • nance of the noble duke (of Somerset), which leads me to suppose he means to correct my statement to this extent, that out of 4,000 perhaps 1,000 men may have been raised. We shall, however, have a correct statement by-and-by from that noble person. They further recommended 5,000 marines to be added to the present force,—l believe not a single marine has yet been raised after the lapse of a year. They also recommended 2,000 to be added to the coast guard. Now, my lords, I call your attention to this point, for great confusion has been allowed to prevail upon the subject of the coastguard. There are two descriptions of force comprised under the designation of the coastguard. There is a revenue coastguard, and a coastguard in 11 ships scattered along our coast. Of the 11 ships I give the noble duke joy. They never go to sea. The ships are occasion ally driven by steam from one port to another, as conve nience may dictate, but there is no mode of effectually training to seamenship the men who form that part of the reserve. The other department is divided into two bodies —the fleet-men, and the shore-men. It is most material to attend to this distinction. The fleet-men amount to 3,200, and they are most admirable seamen. You cannot find a better portion of seamen in any quarter of the globe. But there are 1,400 shore-men who are of no use whatever to the navy,, so that when you talk of an increase of 6,000 coastguardmen—for that ii stated, I understand, as the amount of this reserve—while that force embraces 3,200 admirable seamen the balance consists of these coastguard volunteers whom I have berme described. I have it on the authority of many men connected with the service,' and Admiral Martin, in his pamphlet, states it in most distinct terms„ithat the only real coastguard consists of 3,200 men. Well, my lords, this is a lamentable catalogue. But let me go on to the main point. The main point for your con sideration, and to which I am about to call your attention, is the great naval reserve—the Royal Naval Volunteers. It was stated by the commission that it was absolutely necessary immediately to raise that body of men for the purpose of supplying all the defects that might arise in our navy, and for the purpose of being prepared to meet any contingency. lam very anxious, my lords, being myself a civilian, in calling your attention to this subject, to sup port myself by eminent authorities. The report says this : " The force we require must be composed of trained sea -1 men, and, as the necessity for such a reserve is urgent, it must in the first instance be recruited from adults." That is the language of the commission. What is the language of Admiral Berkeley on this subject ? _ "No person can consider the ease with which a powerful squadron might be manned and rendered available for hos tile purpos3s,—the great increase in the number and power of their steamvessels, together with the menacing aspect at times of our foreign relations,—without coming to the con clusion that the present state of our naval affairs demands the most serious and prompt consideration of her Majesty's Government, and that is a matter of paramount necessity, —a necessity which, to my mind, neither brooks delay nor admits of compromise, to adopt such measures as shall, in the event of a sudden outbreak of hostilities, place a reserve force at the disposal of this department sufficient to man effectually, and at a few days' notice, at least 12 or 14 sail of the line." Such, my lords, is the language embodied in the report of the commissioners. This report was made in the month of February last year. The subject was of an urgent nature, one which demanded in dealing with it the most prompt and incessant' activity. What then has been done ? The fact, I believe, is, my lords, that no attempt was made to raise a single man until the Ist January last, in accordance with recommendations of the ceinmission, And what, let me ask, is the number which is now stated by Lord C. Paget to have been obtained for this most important reserve of 30,000 which ought to have been immediately raised ? Why, 800 men constitutes the whole of the force, whose sere ices have been secured in the space of three months ; so that at that rate it would take about 10 years to raise the whole 30,000—(hear, hear)—and, in the meantime, one third of the number raised would, owing to sickness or some other cause, be found to be missing. Under these circumstances I think I may safely say that the Ad miralty have not succeeded in carrying out the scheme which was recommended by the commission as one which it was absolutely necessary to carry into effect. for the security of the country, and which is also viewed in that light by every naval man who has directed his attention to the subject. (Hear.) The fact is, my lords, the scheme is an absolute failure, and is so regarded, I be lieve, by the members of the naval profession almost without exception. (Hear.) To what causes, then, let me ask, is this failure to be attributed ? As to the circumstances to which it is owing, there may be some doubt, although of the fact itself there can be none entertained. There is, how ever, one circumstance which it appears to me may have in some degree cenduced to this result. Sailors are, as a general rule, very simple-minded men, and do not like enter ing into complicated terms of engagement. Now, I hold in my hand the regulations by which the seamen who enrol themselves in this service are asked to abide. They consist of 159 clauses. (A laugh.) Now, niy lords, there is not an attorney in the United Kingdom who could make himself master of these 159 clauses in one fortnight. (Hear, hear, and a laugh.) How then can it be expected that a common sailor whet is, generally speaking, wonderfully jealous of the Board of Admiralty by which he has been so often imposed upon— (laughter) —will enter blindfolded into engagements, the nature of which he cannot comprehend ? Why, my lords, I, who was a member of the legal profession, and who for merly knew something of t4e - practice of the courts, should be obliged if, in the vigour of my life, I was reduced to such a position as to render it necessary for me to join the naval reAcTve, to mill to my assistance, Mr. B. Kerr or Mr. Coul son, or some other eminent conveyancer, in order to make myself acquainted with the various provisions of this ab surd document. (Renewed laughter.) In these regula tions there is to be found, in my opinion, one obvious cause of the failure of the scheme to which I am referring. (Hear, hear.) I am, in saying so, giving expression to the views of many persons competent to form a judgment on the subject, for I should be somewhat shy of committing myself to any opinion of my own with regard to it. A sum of £5 or £6 is given to those seamen who enter the Naval Reserve, and you suppose then that you have bought their services. You, however, will not find men to join the force for that amount. If the number of 30,000 sailors were, in accordance with the report of the commission, raised, you would at the pre sent rate of payment expend on that body only £lBO,OOO a year, while tho total amount of your Naval Estimates reaches the sum of £12,000,000 sterling. (Hear, hear.) But you ought to bear in mind that all your machinery is cfr no use, and might as well be thrown to the bottom of the sea, weless you have a number of seamen sufficient to man flour fleet. In framing these regulations, then, the Admi ralty acts, in my opinion, somewhat after the fashion of a workman who, in making a clock, constructs the machinery admirably, using the very best materials for the purpose, but who, when he comes to make the mainspring, through tome false notion of economy; uses imperfect materials, and tenders the whole work, as a consequence," comparatively valueless. (Heat, hear.) I may, however, be asked what course I should propose to be taken with the view of remedying the existing state of things. My answer to such a question as that is, " I have pointed out a great evil, de manding immediate removal. It is not for me butler her (Majesty's Government to provide the remedy." I may, how , ever, say that I had a letter sent to me by a gallant admiral— Admiral Bowles—suggesting a conscription of some sort with the view of forming a maritime militia: I mention this fact for the consideration of the Government. The conclusion on the subject to which I have been addressing myself at which I have arrived is, I may add, that in point of mate rial—that is to say, in ships—you are far below the require ments of the country, while so far as the manning of the fleet is concerned you are in a situation the most deplorable. (Hear.) Ido Rot mince the matter. Our position in this respect ought to be known throughout the country. No man ought to be ignorant of the real facts of the case. Ido not seek to aseribe the existence of those shortcomings to which I have alluded to inefficiency on the part of the Board of Admiralty, though I cannot say that I look upon that Board as a well-constituted body. A civilian who probably never knew anything of naval affairs, who never, perhaps, even owned a yacht—(a laugh)—is placed at its head. (Hear.) There are also four naval lords, to each of whom different departments of the service are intrusted, the proper administration of the details of which is quite sufficient to occupy the entire of his time, so that there is an absence of that superintending control which is requisite to direct the machinery. This leads to a state of things not quite so bad, indeed, as that which prevailed in former times, when a Dutch fleet sailed up the Medway and burned our ships at Chatham, and when not a single Lord of the Admiralty was at his post, the only one connected with it who was to be found on the occasion being the Secretary, who ran to and fro shaking his hands, and sending his sil ver in one direction and his gold-bags in another, to place them beyond the reach of spoliation in case of the landing of the Dutch. (A laugh.) There has been, I admit, a change in the conduct of affairs at the Admiralty since that period, but not such a change as the requirements of the country imperatively demand. (Hear, hear.) I ask your lordships if I trespass upon your time in dealing with this important' subject to a greater extent than is convenient ? (Cheers.) I assure you the inconvenience is 10,000 times greater, in all probability, tome in my own person than is that which you may experience. (Hear.) I shall then, with your permission, again briefly refer to the evidence of Admiral Berkeley, who states that from the moment he went to the Board of Admi ralty he strenuously advocated the necessity of an available reserve to a large extent. I may here, perhaps, remind the house of that to which it is perhaps not requisite to allude— that the construction of the .Board of Admiralty is not only such as I have pointed out, but that its members do not con tinue to be the same for:more than a few years, inasmuch as, owing to the frequent changes of Government, one set of officials, as a matter of course, are obliged to give place to another equally uninformed as to the details of the service and equally inexperienced as their predecessors. (Hear, hear.) Admiral Berkeley adds : " The constant change of Boards—above all, the frequent change of the individual at the head of the Board—renders it almost a hopeless task; it requires perseverance in one system in detail, as well as a whole. No schenie can pros per that is so constantly altered, and, above all, any scheme on the subject of manning the navy, as well as establishing a reserve, must be steadily persevered in, and the one end kept constantly in view." These are the opinions of the gallant admiral to whom I have referred. There is another opinion with which I will take the liberty of troubling your lordships; it is that of a former friend of mine, a most gallant officer, of high charac ter, loved by all who knew him, and standing high in pub lic estimation. it is the opinion of Sir George Cockburn. He says : " Having filled the station of confidential or principal Sea Lord of the Admiralty for more than 17 years, I feel that my opinion regarding the constitution of the Board may sooner or later be deemed worthy of consideration and at tention ; I therefore am induced to place in writing the de cisions to which my experience has brought me on this point. I have, then, no hesitation in stating that I con sider the present establishment of that Board to be the most unsatisfactory and least efficient for its purpose that could have been devised." He then recommends" that the Admiralty Board should be abolished, and a totally new governing body established." My lords, I have one more observation to make. I find that at this moment, and with this state of things existing, there is a party actively employed in the north of England in liberalising and improving, according to their sense of the term, the fiscal system of the country, with the de clared object—not unsupported, I am afraid, by pretty high authority—of putting an end to all taxes ou articles of con sumption, and placing the taxation almost entirely on rea lised property, and on realised property according to a gra duated scale. This is done with the avowed object of intro ducing here the social equality, or, according to the expres sion used by a high authority, that species of social equality that exists in France, and which is cherished in that country, regardless of civil liberty. (Cheers.) Another object they have in view is to pull down the wealthier or aristocratic classes, who, they say, are the favourites and patrons of the army and navy, and to reduce those national establishments to a lower status. So that, while the navy of France in creases from year to year, while its continuance in its pre sent strength is provided for till 1871, the navy of England is to be reduced—and for what purpose and under what pretext ? In the expectation that the nation will continue to possess the friendship of the Emperor of the French ; in the expectation that, by the further exchange of cotton and pottery for wine and silks, a warm friendship may be esta blished between this country and France. These are the views entertained by a set of men who are aspiring to the government of this country—(cheers)—and who, if they could, would place themselves at the head of the whole power of England. (Cheers.) They would reduce us to the humiliation I have referred to, instead of maintaining our establishments as they now exist, and holding high the honour and reputation of the country. And under these circumstances I see that a noble lord in the other house— with an indefatigable spirit that does not find sufficient employment in disentangling the complicated phrases of M. Thouvene] and opposing the logic of his facts—as it were in a spirit of mischief, and living only in troubled waters, has at this time though it right to bring forward a measure that opposes one class of the community against another. He has done this at a time when, in the opinion of all who have reflected on the circumstances, every class ought to unite in support of the honour and independence of the nation. (Loud cheers.) The noble and learned lord concluded by putting the question of which lie hail givel:l notice; as to the state of the Naval Reserve, its present con dition, - p H romble future-Progress. • '• The Duke 'of SOMERSET—I, am not sorry the noble and learned lord has brought this important subject under the notice of the house. Undinibtedly, the condition of the navy is far more important to the country than the existence of any Board of Admiralty or any Government; but I must say when I heard the speech of the noble and learned lord he was about to come to the conclusion that I had unneces sarily reduced the Navy Estimates and cut down the expen diture, because in a great part of his spepch he.assumed that 'the Admiralty, had reduced our naval establishments, and the number of our ships and men. I do net consider this in any way a party question, and I may sai, shortly, that the desire of the present Board of Admiralty, as of others, is, .and has been, to maintain the navy in the most efficient condition. (Hear.) On my accession to office in the present Board of Admiralty I took a survey of the state of the dockyards; and I thought, looking at the programme of work to be done left by the late Government, that the money to be voted was not quite sufficient for the result to be accomplished. I therefore added £lOO,OOO to the esti mate on account of ships to be built. I did so in an earnest desire to complete within the year the programme laid down•by the late Board of Admiralty. And I can say that during the last eight months more men have been employed in our dockyards than at any previous period of the history of the country. Ido not exclude the time of the whole great \var, down to 1815 ; and I. exclude the factories alto gether, which form another great. division of our naval establishments. I speak only of the shipbuilding depart ment ; and in that department I can shpw there has been no relaxation. Undoubtedly, in the present year this exer tion has been somewhat diminished ; there was muchinoon veniencei in continuing to carry on work at that rate• Therefore, as far as the works undertaken by the late Go vernment are concerned, they are still going on, but at the same time I thouglit r it convenient and advantageous that these works should be differently arrantedr` We &wavy, I may ( say, forward in ships of the line, and the noble lord is right in saying that what we require, therefore, is to bring on our small vessels. Not that I prOpose altogether to put a stop to the operations on ships of the line, but it has been agreed that they Shall be left ou the frames in such a way that they may season and improve, at the same time that they can be finished off rapidly if an emergency should arise, and by this means all the energies of the dockyards can be applied to the smaller vessels. The noble and learned lord referred to the ships we have now afloat. I find that we have built, and that there are afloat, 50 ships of the line. Lord LYNDHURST—Do you include block ships ? The Duke of SOMERSET—I am not taking the block ships into account. Lord LYN DH UR ST—Or sailing ships? The Duke of SOMERSET —I do not count them. Lord LYNDHURST—Are those , vessels all completed ? The Duke of SOMERSET—They are all afloat. I do not mean that they are all in the first class of steamvessels, and nothing could be more unwise than to complete their equipment, because the moment you put in the machinery and set up the masts and rigging you stop the ventilation, and the wear and tear begins from -that moment, And the expense mounts up at an enormous rate. We have conse quently, as I have said, 50 ships of the line afloat, ? . 7 frigr.tes, 17 corvettes, 88 sloops, many of - which' are very powerful vessels, 2611maller vessels, 24 gunvessels of a cer tain class, and between 150 and 160 gunboats. That is our steam, force at present afloat. ' Lord LYNDHURST—Have yott an account of the French: navy ? The Duke of SOMERSET—I have an approximate ac count, but I will not vouch for the accuracy of the figures. They have 33 ships of the line afloat, and they are building six or eight—in all about 40 ; of frigates, they have 33 afloat and 12 building, making 50 in all; they surpass us in fri gates—(hear, hear)—of corvettes, sloops, and all the other classes of vessels they havd 103, which would not at all equal' the number of our smaller vessels. The noble and learned lord referred to a former period, and to the evidence of Admiral Berkeley as to our having 30 sail of the line fur the defence of the country. We have now 21 or 22 sail oft the line at sea more fully manned than at any previousl time, as we made an addition some months since to their l complement. (Hear, hear.) As regards either tho force afloat or the manning of the fleet, I therefore do not believe that the objections can be sustained. Ido not think thd deficiency experienced during the Syrian war is likely to occur again ; and, with regard to the Russian war, it is well known we were called on suddenly to send fleets both to the Baltic and the Black Sea, and that the Admiralty had great difficulty in manning the fleet. But lam con vinced that, not merely as regards the vessels and machi4 nery, but the general arrangements for equipping and send= ing vessels speedily to sea, at no time were the preparations in so forward a state as at present. (Hear, hear.) I now come to the subject of the highest importance—the men. The noble lord says the ships are not half manned ; but it so happens that it is just the contrary difficulty under which we have laboured, On coming into office I found certain estimates prepared and a £lO bounty in existence. I adopted these, and before the end of August I found that the number of men voted by Parliament was exceeded by. 1,000. The news of the Chinese disaster arrived in Sept., and I did not think it was prudent under these circumstances to put a stop to the enrolment of seamen ; the result is, that for the last six months we have been 5,000 in excess of the vote. This year we covered that large number by a larger vote, but they were still coming in so rapidly that I was obliged to come to the determination only to take able seamen, or ordinary seamen who had already served on board the fleet and been drilled to the guns. Then I come to the question of the reserve. I have taken in the estimates some 10,000 or 11,000 more than last year—and, besides covering the excess required for the navy, I have a body of seamen in port ready to put on board ship as soon as they arc commissioned. (Hear, hear.) With reference to the Coastguard— Lord LYNDHURST—Which Coastguard The Duke of SOMERSET—Not the Naval Coast Volun teers, but the Coastguard. Of these there are, first of all, 3,183 who serve on shore, and the officers attached to this force are 259. The crews of the district ships number 2,594, and, in addition, there are the crews of the coasting cruisers, consisting of 827 men. Not including the civilians, to whom the noble and learned lord has also referred, there are thus of Coastguardmen ready to be put on board ship 6,862 men. The noble lord seems to attach little importance to the Coastguard ships, but he forgets that attached to these vessels there are 14 gunboats, which are constantly exer cised round the coast. The crews for the most part are men who have served in the fleet, and are a most efficient and excellent body. More than 900 of them are potty officers, which showed the class of men who entered the force. It is said that the numbers of the force ought to be raised con siderably, but to do that at once would be very injudicious. At present it is a great attraction to seamen—men who have served their 10 years are very glad to get into it—and if we wero all at once to fill up its ranks with any other body of men we should be discouraging those men who join the navy, looking forward at the end of their term to get into the Coastguard. - (Hear, hear.) The noble and learned lord did not speak as if he had a very high opinion of the Naval Coast Volunteers; but the general tone of the re ports which I have received from the various districts is that they are a highly useful body, good at their guns, apt at their drill, and likely to be very valuable additions t) the crew of any ships into which they may be draughted. (Hear, hear.) There are 7,000 of them ; they aro in tended for the defence of the coast, and for that purpose I believe them to be most efficient. (Hear, hear.) It is urged that we ought to increase the number to 10,000, but in looking at this question you must consider the position of the mercantile marine as well as the Royal Navy. From the returns which I have called for from the various ports in the kingdom, I learn that wages in the mercantile marine were never higher than now—" Seamen scarce, wages high," is the general tone of these returns, and the pros perity of the mercantile service cannot fail to create some kind Gf competition, and to interfere to somo extent with an increase of this force. The noble and learned lord laughed at the regulations which we have drawn up for the Royal Naval Reserve, saying it w.ts impossible that any seaman could ever read them through, but he does not re member that a great many of those regulations are intended for the shipping-masters and the officers who enrol the men. I believe all the regulations which seamen are re quired to know can be printed on a single sheet. (Hear, hear.) All we want in regard to this force is a little time. We did not begin to pay the men until April, and we all know that seamen are not very likely to come forward until the pay begins. We have only been a month in operation, and I believe the men are entering very fairly ; somewhere about 1,000 have joined, and they are all of them fine men, excellent sailors. In raising this force the Board of Admi ralty was unanimous in thinking it desirable that we should only admit at first what are called "able seamen," and not go for ordinary men ; because we wanted to get a class of men who would all of them be useful as the nucleus of a ship's company, and to keep out that class who would join only for the sake of the money, and when the emergency - , arose would not be forthcoming. (Hear, hear.) A letter has been forwarded to me, written by the seamen of Hartlepool to the seamen of Aberdeen, which shows very satisfactorily what is the feeling of the men on the subject. The seamen of Aberdeen, it appears, did not like the scheme, thinking there was some trap in it, and they wrote to the seamen of llartlepool to ask their advic e . Th e rep l y was :—" Upwards of 100 men have joined th e f orce h ere , all like it, Ind the general opinion is that before long all the eligible men in Hartlepool will be included in •it." The scheme is popular with the men of llartlepool, and they have every confidence in the Government not sending them- on a foreign station—any man who is afraid of being called in a time of emergency is not fit to be a reserve rain ! dear, hear.) That is their feeling—and 4 1) . S U. C=2M TAMPED u • F. very creditable it is to them. )are doing well in the merchant to he sent out to any of your ...,QlTer Plate, or any of those IA carrying on some small hostilit regular European we' ll eak, mail' • - firear;lii.id.) 7' Titling' have a tgfaT feebteire Of about 11 ; they are.all ioo - 4:11.1614.i:1nit is The nobld - and learned lord says . larger number of reserve men; and I have ro doubt - that, if we had gone about offering bountie - s to any sort of men; we shouldhave made a much larger show on paper than we do at preient. But that Would have been a very injudicious course in - the long, run." The right course was to begin Well, and to 160 - k r atefficieney as well as to numbers. (Hear, hear.) , I am told-that, if we had taken the_warst-Class of ineni, the best class of men would never have joined. The course we have taken has two advantages—it does not involve so large an expenditure as if we had taken men of all elaesee; . and it give us the nucleus of a valuable force hereafter. *The noble and learned lord talked with a total disregard of econo mical considerations ; and, if we are to establish a force whi9h is to last, we must pay some attention to economy. If we were to establish it on an extravagant and wastehll system Parliament would very soon be for putting it down again. What the country wants is a force that shall grow and he efficient, and the cost of which will 'not be Aces sive. I believe by the =measures we have taken we shall attain that result. The noble and learned lord said we could not expect men to join for £6 a year. I have heard that before. Suppose you give a man £lO orlls a year. He willnever joie your navy, because he will be much better in the a'N'aval Reserve with £145 a year, and picking up odd money in any way he can. You ought to give a man just enough to be a tie upon him, bat still compelling him t continue his service in the mercantile marine, qualifying himself for service in the navy. It has been said that we should give as much as £2O a year. If we did so the men would live ashore, and in a few years they would be a set of drunken fellows, unfit to serve their country at sea. The commission recommended £5. We raised the sum .to a y , but I had great doubts about it, and it was only after con sultation with experienced and competent persons that I thought on the whole £6 would be a better sum. (Hear.) There is another body to which the noble and learned lord hag not.referred, but which I consider far the most impor tantpart of the force--I mean the boys. What we want is to bring in boys to serve in the navy. A boy whoihet, been a couple of years at .sea is a better person for your Ser-> 7 :_ , vitle:thinta,imost any man you can obtain from the nierean-' . j eiiii4n€: In 1855, which was a year of war, we entered' 4,000 first and second class boys ; in 185 G we entered 3,000; in 1857, 1,800; in 1858, 1,690 ; and in 1859, 5,147. (Hear.) There are 8,200 first and second class boys now serving in our ships. 'lt must always be borne in mind that in train - ing boys for our ships the proportion of boys must have some reference to the proportion of men, and that therefore we must take in only such a number of boys as can be ab- • sorbed in the fleet. But we have not yet reached that point, and in the estimates for the present year, besides the 11,000 -excess that I have of men over the estimates of last year, there is an addition of 2,000 boys. We are, therefore, train hie- more boys for the navy. I think that is a very wise Course. Captains just returned from sea have told me that the boys are the best sailors in the navy, and that we can not have too many of them. Accordingly, I haVe had some vessels prepared, and am having more prepared, for tho purpose of training boys. (Hear.) The noble and learned lord has referred to a kind of compulsory service. I believe that if anything could make your navy unpopular, and cripple your efficient force afloat, it would be the attempt Ito establish a compulsory service. (Hear.) The noble and earned lord adverted to another point, which he seemed tee 'think the root of all the evils he pointed out. I' do not think, hoWever; it is such' a great misfortune that the First Lord should not be a professional seaman. I may refer the noble and learned lord to a speech made by the late Sir Robert Peel in which he showed the House of Commons what bad our naval First Lords when we had them. lie described how Lord Howe had been hunted down, how Koppel had been treated, what had become of St. Vincent. Lord Howe was absolutely hunted - out of his place, and Ido not think Lord St. Vincent was a very - successful First Lord. We cannot, in fact, make a remarkably good show . of our naval First Lords. After all, however, the question is not, between civilians and seamen. In a Parliamentary Government the Board of Admiralty _ must be properly represented in Parliament. If you have got a good naval officer in Parliament I see no reason why he should not be made First Lord, but I do not think it is absolutely necessary that the First Lord should be a profes sional sailor. Anybody who knows what the details of the Admiralty are, how many questions there aro which have nothing, to do with service afloat, must admit that for the administration of the navy it is not essential that a man should have a naval education. (Hear, hear.) I agree with the noble and learned lord that it is a misfortune there should bo such constant changes in the Board, but that evil is not now so great as it was formerly. 'When I came into office I found a gallant admiral there who had been one o the Board in the time of the noble earl opposite, and I think it is always desirable to retain the servicesof some members of the Board. But there is also an advantage in some change. What is now done at the Horse Guards, with re spect to a compulsory retirement at the end of five years, is done in an indirect way at the Admiralty. You change some of your Men and retain others ; there is an infusion of fresh blood, and other members of the profession have an opportunity of serving in the Admiralty, where they acquire knowledge which makes them better officers when they re turn to sea. (Hear.) The noble and learned lord has not referred to block ships, but it has been frequently asked in another place " Why do you keep block ships in different harbours ?" I admit they are useless for the purpose of p ing to sea, but for the purpose of drilling men and as bat teries to guard the mouth of the rivers, they are useful ves sels. If we were to condemn them, and send them back to the dockyards, they would be stripped, become hulks, and not worth refitting again. I think it is desirable, there fore, to keep them up as long as they can be turned to a useful purpose. Some of them are still good and effi cient batteries, and, if their services were required , would be able to defend the mouth of our rivers. (Hear, hear.) I shall not follow the noble and learned lord into other questions upon which he touched. We may talk about them more conveniently when we come to consider the budget. Let us not mix up anything of party with this question. What we all want is, that our navy should be powerful. It may be that difficult times are coming, and we ought to be prepared for them. Let no consideration of party, or of Admiralties, or of Governments prevent us from doing whatever is necessary to render our navy efficient. That, I think, is the right course to be taken, and it . is one in which I hope and believe all parties will co operate together for the common good. (Cheers.) The Earl of HARD WICKE said the noble duke had fully answered the speech of the noble and learned lord, th he had left very little for him to say. Ho *as glad that his noble friend had brought this question before their lord ships; but he must :remind him that he himself had no t neglected his duty, but had early in the session called 'the attention of the noble duke to the state of the naval reserves. It was true that for a certain period after the peace of 1815 the navy was greatly neglected, and that state of things continued until the Russian war, when the condition of our fleet in the Baltic was perfectly lamentable. It ought not, however, to be forgotten that our power in that sea, such as it was, was mainly created by the Duke of Northumberland, who during the short time he held the office of First Lord of the Admiralty, under the Government. of his noble friend near him (Earl Derby), constructed no less than nine sail of heavy screw ships. After the conclusion of the Russian war, the condition of the navy fell off again, until a period arrived when the country was aroused to a sense of its danger. It happened that his noble friend near him was again in office, and during the short time that he continued in power the British fleet was, by great exertions and by the exercise of true economy—(lleat', from Lord Lyndhurst)— increased by 14 sail of the line, with eight or nine more ships upon the stocks nearly ready for launching. A Channel fleet of considerable power was formed, the Mediterranean fleet was strengthened, and 8,000 seamen and 2,000 marines were added to the navy. Much attention had been excited by the statements as to the supposed facilities possessed by the French for manning their navy ; and in consequence his noble friend appointed a Commission to inquire whether something could not be done to increase our power in that respect. He was, he confessed, rather surprised that mea sures wore not earlier adopted for carrying into effect the recommendations of that Commission. The report was pre sented in May, 1859, and, according to the statement of the noble duke, it was not until March last that he really com menced the formation of a reserve force. The object of the c s d i h a o t o c 1 s process,h ip s. b y which recep tion they hoped to relieve the n av y from th e immediate pressure Commission was to establish a permanent reserve to be used in case of emergency, and that rese rve the y proposed to foundu a p d o u n it t s he w t t r la ain an in 4 g , a o n f boys in e of the want of any reserve at all. The accounts received as to the progress of the reserve were encouraging, and he be hovel that if it once took with seamen, we should soon have a very considerable number of men ready to serve at rolonpis s the call of the country. Ile only regrette d that so long an i n t erv al was allowed to elap se b e t ween the presentation of e s ‘d i o i n tioe a r n ala d issne th r i ,goor s eo e t t int t e in da g rtihn s a e ets ri thin ous e lyto work r to por fo t hr o ma f dtthhneeo reserve.tC poin Go vernment ee addi tion to the 15,000 which formed the standard force. The marines were a most useful body of mon ; and if a 50-gun ship had to be sent to sea in an emergency, by putting on board of her 50 marines they would have a trained artillery man to each gun, who, with the assistance of such seamen as might be picked up for service, would be able to fight a tolerably good action. With regard to the coastguard, the commissioners had found that the strength of this force was insufficient for the due protection of the revenue, and they had come to the conclusion that it ought to be raised to a total of 12,000 men for the United Kingdom. In the present uneasiness which prevailed as to the state of Europe, he thought it would be wise to raise the Coastguard to that standard, more especially as the number of the men already stood at 100,000, according to the statute book. In ordinary times it might be very well to maintain the Coastguard service as a mere resting-place for honourable seamen; but, under existing circumstances, the force should be extended. If it were increased to 12,000 (Continued in ow fourth page.) [lear, h lt Si/c2i 9 c • I - ' , • . t t vor ser t.. iirlif , • • lit t, s . — .* - ' .t 0.4 1 7 Al\ 'I .• , I F' Le a ,sUr • i tc';* .:s; sidlAt-4, 1,35 t/ t 0 o . 3 1". 1 +4 : 'net, a for . 1 es.. d. 's we ought to have enrolled a