The Sun. — London, England, 1859-01-27 00:00:00

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' ''' * '' lc --' ' 1 On the Bth inst. a brute' a4cl deliberate murder was committed in Hamiltonanada: The Tormito Globe says :—" The victim is a Wman,gameWliza - `,l*,.;i - sh;said to beloig to Toronto, and the murderer is a-man named John Meagham, or Mitchell, who passed As her husband. The murderer, for so we must term him, has lately been employed in the vicinity of this city in the capacity of a railway labourer. .The facts of the awful tragedy, so far as our reporter could learn on the spot shortly . after the feurful occurrence took place are as follows. It appears - that Mitchell left Toronto on the afternoon of Thursday by the train for Hamil ton, accompanied by the woman Welsh, with whom he cohabited, and an infant about three months old. On reaching Hamilton they proceeded to a small tavern situated on the south side of York street, between Bay and Park-streets, kept by a person named Morden. The unfortunate woman told the landlady of the saloon that her husband's name was Meagham, and pat he was on his way to work on the Hamilton and Port Dover Railroad. As the parties presented the usual poor appearance of labouring persons out of work, they were in con sequence not treated as very welcome guests. They stayed, however, at the house, paying for their bed and providing themselves with food, and whatever else they were in want of until Saturday morning. Between 9 and 10 o'clock on that morning the wife came down stairs, and procuring some tea, she returned to the bedroom, where she had left the man who called her wife. She had hardly entered the room when the landlady of the saloon, Mrs. Morden, .was startled by a loud scream from the bedroom. She immediately rushed up stairs to learn the cause, when she was horror-struck at seeing the unfortunate woman lying on the floor in a pool of blood, and struggling with the man, who was holding her down on the floor. Upon seeing Mrs. Morden enter the room, the woman endea voured to call out, and tried to speak to her; but the only words which could be distinctly heard by the landlady were, Neighbours' and Murder ; and almost immediately afterwards she expired. The words were evidently meant to signify that she had been murdered, and to get assistance from the neighbours. Mrs. Morden also states that when she opened the door of the room, the murderer was still busily en - 6:::4ed doing something to the throat of the woman ; but that she (Mrs. Morden) was so much frightened, and excited by the fearful scene which met her eye, as to be unable distinctly to see what he really was doing. She instantly gave the alarm, and a large number of persons, accompanied by the police,were soon in the house, and Mitchell was taken into custody. It is reported that a ser vant girl belonging to the tavern accompanied Mrs. Morden to the bedroom, when they heard the screaming, and that deceased informed the girl that it was her husband who had done the deed. Mrs. Morden also states that when Mitchell was dis covered, he commenced to inform her that his wife had committed:suicide ; but that the woman, who was unable to speak from loss of blood, held up one of her hands, which was badly cut, as if to contradict the statement. On a search being made for the weapon with which the deed had been per petrated, a razor, with marks of blood on it, was found in the bed, close by where the woman was lying, and the bed clothes were thickly coated with blood, as were also the clothes of the man and the woman. The gash in the woman's neck is one of the most fearful character. It is very deep, and seems - to extend over fully three-fourths of the sur face of the neck, being from the back part of the at the MR. ALBERT SMITH'S CHINA TO-NIGHT AT 8 o'clock. —Egyptian Hall, Picchdilly. ;rpool, erpool MR. CHARLES DICKENS. WILL READ, at ST. MARTIN'S HALL, • TO-MORROW EVEN ING, Tan. 28, at 8 o'clock, THE POOR TRAVELLER, MRS. GAMP, and the TRIAL FROM PICKWICK. The doors will be opened at 7. Stalls;(numbered and re served), 4s. ; centre area and balconies, 2s. ; back. seats, ls. Tickets to be obtained at Messrs. Chapman and Hall's, pub lishers, 193, Piccadilly, and at St. Martin's H all, Lon g -acre. NOTICE.—It is found unavoidable to appoint Two MORE READINGS of the CHRISTMAS CAROL and the TRIAL from PICKWICK. They will take place at St. Martin's Hall 01 Thursday Evening, 3d February, and Thursday Evening-, 10th February. eb. 7, Bank- THE SUN, LONDON, TH U - R . SDAN EVENING, J ANUARY 27, 1859. rthen ren, At PRICE 4D. STAMPED, 5D Torth at the No. 20,780. Obl• is most liable to capricious fluctuations in its friendly affinities to us. Whereas you, the colonists of Australia, took with you when you went forth no bitter or angry recollections. You did not carry with you associations of the reign of the Stuarts, but a tender affection, for a free country and a benignant Queen. (Cheers.) The tie is the stronger because it is the more gently felt. I can not help thinking how much Australia proved her sympathy in the glory and in the distress of the mother country during the Crimean war. I cannot help recalling that from Australia came a sum little short of £150,000 as a contribution for the relief of our sufferers from that contest. A similar token of generosity and patriotism was called forth on the part of Australia on behalf of the sufferers from the Indian mutiny. These things make us feel that, though oceans divide us, we have all English hearts, and that the sceptre of Queen Victoria is an electric rod which unites in4cindred sympathythe extremi ties of our glorious elpire. (Cheers.) The time may come when these new colonies of ours will be great States and nations, when they will find it easier to raise armies among them than they now find it to raise a police—when, instead of that single armed steamer for which the colony of Victoria now so nobly pays, she will have in her harbours forests of masts, and her waters a navy of her own. It may so happen in that distant day that England may be in danger. It may so happen that the great Powers of Old Europe may then' rise up against the venerable parent of many free commonwealths. If that day should arrive, I believe that her chil dren will not be unmindful of the tie which binds them to the dear mother country ; and that to her rescue across the wide ocean, vessels will come quick and fast, among which there will be heard but one voice,—" While Australia lasts England shall not perish." (Cheers.)- With that hope and belief, gentlemen, I now give you the toast which has been placed in my bands—viz., " The Anniver sary of the Foundation of the Australian Colonies." The toast was received with much enthusiasm, and was eloquently responded to by Sir W. Manning. Mr. J. E. FITZGERALD then proposed "The Houses of Lords and Commons of England," which was briefly acknowledged by the• Earl of Carnarvon on the .part of the peers, and by Lord A. Churchill on the part of the Commons. The sentiment " Our Fatherland" was next given by Mr. WILSON, and was followed by " The Go vernors and Parliaments of the Australian Colonies, besides tseveral toasts of a purely complimentary nature. The party broke up at a late hour. In a conversation with the Town Clerk on this subject, he was surprised to learn that during the late contest against the town dues this question of dock rating was never considered in terms of settle ment. In this light he thought his Liverpool constituents were right in the endeavour to rate the docks, as a part of the greater movement which was going on in the country to compel the authorities to pay rates for their various public establishments. Mr. DLTGDALE seconded the resolution, which was carried. will be slow to enlighten his master as to the deli cacies and the, dangers of the attempt. It may, perhaps, be suggested that the. French army might advance from Rome upon the Po, so as to avoid the necessity of crossing the Ticino. But Rome is three hundred miles to the south of the Po, and the time consumed by a French army travers ing that distance would suffice to allow the Austrian army to assume the offensive. That army might cross the Ticino in overwhelming numbers, crush the Piedmontese army, and be ready on the banks of the Po to receive the French from the south. Nor is this all.. The Po, it must be observed, covers the left flank of each of the three lines of defence which have been described. In order to succeed, there fore; in turning the Austrians by a flank movement, the Po must be crossed. This is a most difficult and hazardous enterprise; nor should it be forgotten that even the great Napoleon never once succeeded in crossing that river in the face of the enemy. He was compelled to have recourse to stratagem. Let it not be supposed that 'these remarks have ,been made from any desire to damp the ardour of Italian liberators or the aspirations of Italian patriots. They are dictated by motives the very reverse of these : the first secret of success is, not to despise the' enemy. If the great enterprise of freeing Italy from the Austrians is to be accom plished, the enterprise must be undertaken with a due sense of its diffiCulty. At all events, it is no extravagant idea to suppose that its difficulties — manifest as they must be to the French generals — may have had something to do with whatever hesitation" may- from time to time be apparent in the councils of the French Emperor. PUBLICATIONS. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.-NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the next HALF-YEARLY GIiNERAL MEETING of the Proprietors of this Company will be held in London, pursuant to Actof Parliament, at the Paddington Station, on FRIDAY, the eleventh day of Feb. next, at One o'clock precisely, for the Election of Five Direc tors in the place of A. K. Baker, Esq., John William Miles, Esq., Henry Simonds, Es retiringn Joncs Venables, Esq., and John Williams, Esq., by rotation, and tor other general purposes of business. It is also intended that the said Gene ral Meeting shall be made Special, for the purpose of submitting agre ements en tered into respectively with the Directors of the Bridport Railway Company and with the Great Western and Brentford Railway Company, for the consideration and approval of the Proprietors upon terms and conditions for the lease and working severally of the said Bridport Railway, and of the Railway between Southall and Brentford, and of the Docks at Brentford connected therewith. The Chair will be taken at One o'clock precisely. FREDK. PONSONBY, Chairman. BARRINGTON, Deputy Chairman. The Directors retiring are re-eligible under the provisions be of the act, and, in complian ce with a bye-law, notice must given to the Secretary, on or before the 28th day of January, of the names of any Proprietors who are to be nominated for election as Directors at the said Half-yearly General Meeting. The Transfer Books of all Stock and Shares will be closed on and from the 27th day of January instant, and will not be re-opened until after the said Halt-yearly G e neral Meeting ua on the 11th day of Febrry.—By order of the Board. CHAS. A. SAUNDERS, Secretary. Paddington Station, Jan. 21, 1859. 1 , and CRYSTAL PALACE.—NOTICE.—In conse quence of the Interest excited by the exhibition of the PORTRAITS, AUTOGRAPHS, and RELICS of ROBERT BURNS, the collection will remain ON VIEW in the " Court of Poets," Centre Transept, during this week. The Photo graphic Illustrations of Tam o'Shanter, from the designs of John Faed, Esq., R.S.A., will be repeated at intervals during each day. The ordinary daily performance by the Company's band will be interspersed with songs of Burns, &c. Open at Ten. Admission, One Shilling ; children under twelve, Sixpence. Now ready, in 3 vols., with fine:Portraits , 31s. 6d., bound, H ENRY 111., KING of FRANCE, his COURT and TIMES. By Miss FREER. " The interest of Miss Freer's narrative is throughout great. The work must take its place on the shelves of. every L.rary."—Post. Hurst and Blackett,l3, Great Marlborough-street. rnock. The meeting separated, after electing directors For the present year. Now ready, price 55., elegantly bound and illustrated, JOHN HALIFAX, GENTLEMAN. Forming the Second Volume of HURST. AND BLACKETT'S STANDARD LIBRARY OF• CHEAP EDITIONS of POPULAR MODERN WORKS. " A very cheap and handsome new edition of the interest inn. story of John Halifax.' worthy to pass freely fro m hand to hand as a gift book in many households."—Examiner. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. is day ye re rptian, flour. wheat, Ltmeal, n little of all LONDON CRYSTAL PALACE, REGENT CIRCUS. OXFORD-STREET and GREAT PORT LAND-STREET. This mificent building is NOW OPEN to the public, for the SALE o agn f all kinds of USEFUL and FANCY ARTICLES. The Photographic Establishment,lllAviary, Conservatory, General Refreshment Room, and Ladies' Private Refresh ment Room, with Retiring Room attached, are replete in their Several departments. ADMISSION FREE. BRISTOL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. The annual meeting of this body was held yesterday afternoon in the hall of the society of Merchant Venturers, under the presidency of Mr. P. W. S. Miles, of Bristol and Melbourne. The secretary (Mr. L. Bruton) read a comprehen sive report of the proceedings of the Chamber during the past year, including details of the steps taken in reference to providing accommodation for the largest class of ocean steamers at this port, the mercantile marine, and bankruptcy and. insolvent laws, registration of partnerships, tribunals of commerce, Bristol as an emigration port, harbours of refuge, the Stade duties, consular services, through communication between Bristol and the continent, marines tore dealers, the expense of obtaining private Acts of Parliament for public purposes, the rates of wages in the district, and the trade of the port. In reference to the latter point the report gave a tabular statement, showing an in crease in the total customs' receipts of 1838 over 1857 of £84,182, and in those derived from the direct trade an increase of £144,308. The foreign and colonial tonnage entered inwards with cargoes during :the year 1858 was 846 vessels of 199,119 tons, against 690 vessels of 185,762 tons in 1857, and 670 vessels of 172,050 tons in 1856. The au dited accounts showed an excess of £2 Bs. 7d. in the receipts over the expenditure of the past year, and the statement of liabilities and assets for the same year exhibited a balance of £7B ss. 4d. in favour of the Chamber. _ _ )r eon is only nd the Scant ! limited d peas Limited under BENTLEY'S QUARTERLY REVIEW.—The First Number will be published on 3lAncu 1, 1359. Advert' sements and Bills tobe forwarded, until February 20, to W. E. BURKE, Agent, care of Mr. Bentley, New Bur ling-ton-street, W. Advertisers will find "Bentley's Quarterly Review" an ad mirable medium for their announcement. Supported by all the talent of the day, this Review will command attention in every quarter Its circulation is certain to be large, whilst the character of that circulation will be high and influential. BARNUM'S FIFTH AND LAST ENTER TAINMENT, at St. James's Hall, TO-MORROW fiV ENING, January 28th, " MONEY-MAKING and llUM ruuns to G icat wi n th s. Original Anecdotes, Experiences, and Pic torial ~.3 1 essrs. Routlelge have offered Mr. Barnum £ 1 , 200 for th e Copyright of his Lectures, which he declited. U en at 7, commence at 8. Carriages for a quarter to 10. Stalls, 3s. ; balcony, 2s. ; body of hall and gallery, is. Places secured, without extra charge, at Chappell's, Mit "Ps, Cramer and Beale's ; Jullien's ; Keith's, 48, Cheap side . , and at the Hall. • ANNIVERSARY OF THE FoUNDATION OF THE AUSTRALIAN COLONIES. iad ef" xfrday, F. Was 1 ; the rates. THE CENTENARY OF ROBERT BURNS. The festivals in connection A ith this interesting event will be y delineated and describd n the " TRATED fuII LONDON NEWS" for Jan.e 29, i and Feb. ILLUS 5. Office, 198, Strand, ROYAL GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, -,„„ 14, REGENT STREET, EVERY EVENING. -"IiEWER'S Magnificent PANORAMA' of the MAMMOTH PAVE of KENTUCKY, the largest and most beautiful Cave in the world.—The FALLS of NIAGARA, in SUMMER and T„, INTER—the Niagara River—Lakes Ontario and Erie. — he NATURAL BRIDGE a VIRGINIA, 215 feet in tti, n9ght, 55 feet wide, and 93 feetlong.—The Grand PRAIRIES PI - ILLINOIS • the scene of a prairie on fire is beautiful beyond description.. Many of the nobility, clergy, and gentry of England have sr , en the Panorama, and have aclorded to it their most unqualified Approbation. An interesting and de -Bcriptive Lecture will be given during the Exhibition. Vocal and instrumental music by Mrs. Agnes Houlh.—Doors open at half-past Seven o'clock, curtain rises at Eight. Carriages may be ordered for ten o'clock.—Admission , stalls , 3s. ; un reserved seats, 2s. and ls. Children, half-price to stalls and c entre'seats. Box-offiee open, where reserved seats may be Bemired, from 12 till 4 daily, Morning Performance on Satur day, at 3 o'clock. 5 t o 32s 3 to 33,s THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS -I- for SATURDAY, JANUARY 29th, contains the follow ig .ENGRAVINGS :—The Burns 7 Centenary : itoom in which Burns was born ; Burns' Cottage at Ayr ; the Tam* o'Shanter Tavern; Burns' Visit to Neil Gow, in August, 178.74 the Twallzhiii of Ayr ; the Auld Brig of Doon, with Burns' Monument, and a Glimpse of Alloway , Kirk in the Distance ; "Alloway's Auld Haunted Kirk ; ' Auld Maggie ; the Cotter's Saturday Night (two cuts); John An derson, my jo ; Tam o'Shanter 's Ride; the Twa Dogs ; Auld Lang Syne ; Burns in the Plough-field composing his Poem "To a Mountain Daisy." The Laughton Memorial Window, in Boston Church. The Sculpture Gallery in the Campana Museum, Rome. Portrait of the Maharajah ofJeypoor. trance to a Mosque, Islamabad, Cashmere. Jacobabad, Scinde. Soirée at King's,College on Saturday Evening last. Church at Cannes. Sp's Waterproofin , :f Manufactory, Stepney. Portrait of Mr. 'homas Henry Kavanagh, one of the Luck now Heroes. With the latest Foreign and Colonial Intelli gence, and all the News of the Week.—Price sd. ; stamped, 6d. Office, 198, Strand. IWI .414 GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. 3 to 0'450 3 Ito 583. 9d per ay, 28s e trade ipward y com )eas lri The CHAIRMAN, in moving the adoption of the report, congratulated the Chamber on the increase of the trade of the port during the past year of commercial distress, and hoped that the efforts for increasing the accommodation for the largest class of ships and ocean steamers would be persevered in and carried to 'a successful issue. The resolution was seconded by Mr. E. S. Robin son and was carried unanimously. The meeting was further addressed by Messrs. M. Whitwill, J. M. Hyde, W. Terrell, A. Warren, G. E. Bevan, T. Thomas, G. Cole, and T. Evans, all of whom echoed and enlarged on the remarks of the chairman respecting the necessity for extend ing the dock accommodation of the port, and pledg ing themselves to renewed efforts for carrying out that object. As a proof of the increase in the trade of Bristol, it was stated by one of the speakers that one-eighth of the whole of the sugar imported into the country during the past year had come into Bristol. A vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the proceedings. The resignation, through illness, of Mr. Robert Bright, of the firm of Gibbs, Bright, and Co., of Liverpool and Bristol, as President of the Chamber, was announced at the meeting ; and Mr. P. M. S. Miles was unanimously elected to the vacant office. El R. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, Market). TICHBOURNE-STREET (Opposite the Hay - Open daily (for Gentlemen only) : , LECTURES at Pour and Eight o'clock, on important and Interestin g topics in connection with ANATOMY, PHY SIOLOGY, and PATHOLOGY (vide Programmes). a slow rom 5 5 4s to . • Now ready, VOLUME XXXIII. of the ILLUSTRATED -LONDON NEWS, elegantly bound in cloth, Olt, price 188. ; in paper covers, 138.1 Containing Twelve Co.oured:Engravings, and Illustration* of the most important Events that have oc :tined during the Past six months. Covers for L'inding the Volume, 2s. 6d. ; Reading• Cases, 25.; Portfolios, for preserving the Numbers, 4s. Admission ONE SHILLING. Y KAHN'S NINE 'LECTURES ON THE PHILO .rI:IIC OF MARRIAGE, &c , sent post free, direct fromthe Author, on the receipt of twelve stamps. on, and ; to 25S StO 42; i to --4 The Fourth Edition, Just Published, Bvo, in cloth, pike ss. by post free, ss. Gd. ON TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRIICEA ; with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexual Hypochrondriasis. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practical contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non-medical reader. We trust that this may not be the last, if he shall detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to correct."—London Medical Gazette. " The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this distressinc , malady by translating this little bo ok, and by laying bare the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to cure a disease of which they know nothing , with no other object than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Spermatorrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medical Circular. " We have delayed so long upon the contents of the preli minary chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickfbrd ; but the merate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, places it within t he reach of every one interested in the matter." — Dublin Medical Press. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. MANCHESTER CHAMBER OF COMME.RCE. ARGYLL-ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly. ev _ These popular and celebrated rooms are open every t h ;1 111 4C, with R. R. BigneWs Grand Orchestra, conducted by L' great composer, Mons. Antony Lamotte, of Paris. .eader, Charles Hall. Mons. Boulcourt, the celebrated cornet rston player, performs nightly, with other talented aristes. Selections from Rigoletto, II Trovatore, La Traviata, Viguenots, Robert le Diable, and the new opera Martha. teanager nuts be Big:nen. Doors open at half-past 8, close n rai before 12. Admission, ls. to Promenade. applications for the above band for Con certs and Ballsl to be made to Mr. William Price, treasurer, at the ers to- verage, Burls)" as uu- head round under the chin. An inquest was held the next day, and Meagham committed on the charge of wilful murder." }JOWES AND CUSHING'S GREAT UNITED STATES CIRCUS.—A safe place of amuse :rnt.—The ALHAMBRA. PALACE, Leicester-square, hay g been constructed as a model of architecture, no accident eed Morningended. The Performances are particularly recommended, as the Pantomime can be seen with the same effect as at night. ~P,LA, the w on d er o f th e wor ld.—The celebrated horse, Cruiser," will b e ex hibit e d i n hi s su bdued state, as tamed by Mr. R arey. , Black Eagle," the horse of beauty.—The educated mules, " Pete " and Barney." The Comic Panto _ ime, entitl e d THE MISER OF BAGDAD, represen t e d in the circle at each performance. GaPl ls. ; Box es , 2 s . ; R eserve d S e ats, 35. ; Stalls, 55.; Private £2. Children under Nine years of age, half-price. llery, 6d. Two Performances Daily at two and half-past seven p.m. R OYAL INSTITUTION. Professor Owen, having been elected Fullerian Professor of the Royal Institution, commenced his new duties on Tuesday by delivering the first of a course of 12 lectures, the subject he has chosen bein " The physiology and affinities of fossil mam mals." The introductory lecture was on the phy siological characters and grounds of subdivision of the class mammalia, for the purpose of making his audience acquainted with the living . ; types before proceeding to consider the fossil remains of the same class which existed before the world was moulded into its present condition. Professor Owen first alluded to the division of the animals that are born alive and are suckled by their mothers, which was made by Aristotle, who had the sagacity to in clude among them whales and porpoises, which are strictly mammals, though partaking in their forms and habits of life of the character of fishes. He next alluded to the divisions of the class which had been proposed by Linnaeus and Cuvier, founded on the different forms of the limbs and feet, which were not, however, satisfactory ; and about three years ago Professor Owen decided, after a minute examination of the cerebral structure of different mammals, on making the classification accord ing to the development of the brain. The greatest part of the lecture was devoted to the ex planation of this mode of classification, according to which mammals are divided into four orders. In the lowest order are animals whose brain exhibits the simplest form of cerebral matter, the white medullary substance prevailing, almost to the ex clusion of the grey matter of the brain, the quan tity of which indicates generally a superior order of intelligence. Among the lowest of the mammals, according to this classification, are ranged the ornithorincus and kangaroo, which arc peculiar to Australia and New Zealand, and the opossum, which is peculiar to the equatorial regions of Ame rica. In the second order the brain is larger and more developed, but there is scarcely any ap pearance of convolutions, the outer surface being smooth. In this class are placed ant-eaters and bats. Ascending higher in the scale, the grey matter of the brain becomes more abundant, and the cerebral structure is convoluted. Among these animals are placed the elephant, the dog, the horse, the monkey, the lion, and the whale. The brain of the cetacea, indeed, more closely approximates in its complex convolutions to the brain of man than that of any other animal. The reason why the whale should have so slightly. de veloped a brain is perplexing to physiologists. Professor Owen said he is inclined to think that this greater development m i g ht be required to enable the whale to accommodate itself to the un favourable circumstances in which it is placed for re taining its heat in water an d in Arctic seas. The temperature of the whale' s body is nearly 100 deg. Fahrenheit, which it maintains in the northern seas at all times ; whilst the bodies of fishes is of the same temperature as the water. In the development of the brain of man there is a sudden jump, as it were, from those of the inferior animals. The grey matter in every part abounds and overlaps, and the convolutions of the cerebral structure are most com plex• - Though the brain affords the main dis tinction of the different orders of mammals, accord ing to Professor Owen's arrangement the form of the limbs and of the extremities serve to make sub divisions of species, and in some respects indicate a higher degree of capacity. In man there is exhi bited the marked peculiarity of the possession of a pair of limbs not subservient to locomotion, free to act as his will directs, altogether independent of his legs, and in his hands he is provided with a perfect piece of mechanism that far surpasses in its capa bilities of action the digits of any other creature. Not only in the higher development of his brain, therefore, but in the construction of his form, man is eminently placed above all other created beings. FRANCE AND ITALY. (From the Daily News) While the steady stream of events seems to set unmistakeably towards war, and the fickle eddies of rumour fluctuate confusedly between war and peace, it may be as well to consider some of the strategic aspects of the possible struggle. Desirable as the expulsion of the Austrians from Italy may be, it is idle to disguise the difficulties which stand in the way of such a consummation. The end to be at tained—the eviction of the Austrians from Lom bardy—must be accomplished, if at all, by force of arms. The Austrian army in Northern Italy has been raised to some 130,000 ' it is composed of sol diers in a state of admirable discipline, and is com manded by generals of great science and experi ence, aided by probably the best staff in Europe. National enthusiasm is unquestionably a great ele ment of success ; but it is not everything. It may therefore be useful to state succinctly the position occupied by the Austrian troops in Lombardy, and to explain the strategetical problem which, in the event of war, awaits solution. According to some writers, the mere existence of 400,000 men on the muster-roll of the French army implies war. But is this so? Let us consider the mat ter. The Emperor cannot do with fewer than 130,000 in and around Paris ; he must maintain an army of 70,000 men in Algeria ; he must retain a large force near Lyons ; he must garrison sufficiently the great fortresses which guard his eastern frontier ; he has his Roman garrison; he must protect his dockyards; and besides all this he must maintain his reserves. If the Emperor is to continue that system of government which now prevails in France, he can hardly do so without an army of something like that which he now possesses. Indeed, so far from the mere existence of an army of 400,000 French sol diers necessarily leading to the anticipation of an Italian war, it might almost be adduced as an argu ment to prove that Napoleon has no real intention of embarking in any such hazardous undertaking. But let us assume that he is prepared to cross the Alps with 130,000 men, and that in the plains of Turin he will be joined by 40,000 Sardinian troops. The allied army will then amount to 170,000 men. And the thing to be done is to drive the 130,000 Austrian troops to the east of Venice. Now the Austrian provinces in Lombardy are protected by a triple line of defences, every one of which is of the most formidable character. In the first place there is the line of the Ticino, which ex tends from the Lago Maggiore to Pavia a strong fortress. The distance occupied by this line is about 45 English miles. To convey an army of 170,000 across such a river as the Ticino is by no means an easy enterprise ; but to do so within a space of 45 miles, and in the face of a large army, commanded by able generals, requires more skill, than was displayed by any French officer before Sebastopol. But even after the Ticino is passed, the fortress of Milan, lying eastward within 20 miles of that river, must be captured. Such, then, is the front line of defence—a river difficult to cross, flanked by a lake on the one side and a fortress on the other, and supported in rear by another strong fortress. _ . nsiating ire veil ; short )f 141bs• 6d to Ss FEIST'S RACING RECORD for 1858 with Nominations for 1859, is now published. W. Wright, Fulwood's Rents, Holborn, London. CONTRACT FOR RUM. Department of the Comptroller for Victualling' and Transport Services, Somerset-house, 20th Jan., 1859. THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING the OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of the UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, DO lIRREBY GIVE NOTICE, that on THURSDAY, the :id Pebruary f next, at Half-past One o'clock, they will be add fwith such Persons as may be willing* to CONTRACT r Majesty's Victualling Supplying and delivering into her Stores at Deptford. RUM •• 50,000 Gallons. •• • • When to be delivered—Half in three weeks, and the re mainder in three weeks afterwards, or earlier if preferred by the party tendering. r Tenders may be made for the whole or any port i on of the enders arenen the tear Lord s hi ps reserve to themselves the power, w h en de ugnrater or opened, of contracting either for the whole , part ther eo ti on ly as they may deem fit, or for a e i quan tity, or of not contracting for any, and also an mited power selection. The rum to be of exempted from the Customs' duties, and parties tendering are to state where it is lyin. Sa mples of th e rum to b e sen t i n pi n ts for each import mark, the average strength of each mark ex to be stated, ru not an average of different marks or strengths of several B ra m P2rts, and any parcel of rum that Is found not to be of the ea ef p T i : h r e dt h s mr Contract p d a ej- e d (l a tlitY, mark, or averfwe strength of the sample ten accented, will be rejected by the officers, les produced by ersons whose tenders are not ac ornetqzsttieidasticlebeen taken dec ded. away by them immediately No tender will be received unless made on the printed form provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained at the add Ye office; or to the Offi cer con d uc ti ng the Packet Service at ,rpool, or to the Collector of Customs at Bristol. T he conditions of th e rev i se d contract, to w hi c h par ti cu lar attention is called, may be seen at the said office, and at Liver pool and Bristol. No tender w ill b e rece i ved after Half-past One o ' cloc k on the day of treaty, and it will not be required that the party tendering; or an agent o n hi s b e h a lf , s h ou ld a tt en d a t the Once on the day of Contract, as the result of the offer received from each person will be communicated to him and his pro- Posed sureties in writing. Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words 4 ‘ Ten der for Rum," and must also be delivered at Somerset house. nr st one at pork HANWELL COLLEGE, Middlesex, is still retaining its high character.—United Service Gazette. A Prospectus will be forwarded on application to the Rev. Dr. Emerton, Principal. O INOPOL ION TAVERN and HOTEL Nos. 1, and 2, Brownlow-street, High-Holborn, W.C. The Best Served Dinner in London for ls. 6d. A Succession of Joints from One till Seven o'Clock. Private'and Smoking Rooms. TABLE D'HOTE on SUNDAYS, at 5 o'clock, 2s. each. Henekeys, Abbott, and Co.'s first-class Wines and Spirits. 371 37/ 118. i G L ENFIE L PATENT STARCH, USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, low PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED. Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers &c., &c. 351 49 49 77i APPETITE AND INDIGESTION IIIPROVED. LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to St eaks, Chops, and all Roast Meat , Gravies, Fish , Game, Soup, Cur ries, and Salad, and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the atomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safeguard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchurch street, London, and 68. Broad-street, Worcester ; also ty Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Bla.ckwell, and other oilmen and merchants, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To and against imitations, see that the names of "LEA and PERRINS" are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. big. 60d 241 241 241 L ult. TO THE NERVOUS AND DEBILITAT ED. CHARLES WATSON, 31. D., Fellow and Honorary , Vice-President of the Imperial African Institute of France, Corres. Member of the Medical Societies of Rouen and Peru, National Academy of Sciences, Paris, &c., and late Resident E'hysician to the fledford Dispensary, 27, Alfred-place, Bed ford-square, London, continues to issue, on receipt of six stamps, " THE GUIDE TO SELF-CURE." " Those about entering the Marriage State should peruse Dr. Watson's invaluable little work, as the advice he gives on health and disease reflects much credit upon him as a sound medical philosopher."—Critic. " The true Guide to those who desire a speedy and private cure." —University Magazine " The ' NEW AMERICAN DISCOVERY' demonstrates the absurdity of the English mode of treating such com plaints, will prove a blessing to the afflicted, who may safely and easily regain pristine health by adopting the means pre sented." —Evening Sun. For Qualification, vide " Diplomas," and] the " London Medical Directory." 17 9 5 11 5 2 BOARD AND RESIDENCE. —"A Superior Home Is offered to a Gentleman of steady habits, erl gaged during the day, by a family residing,' near Regent's Park. For a young man coming to London for the first time this would be found a desirable residence. Terms moderate. References to be exchanged. Address, J. P., Wright's Dairy, Granby-street, Hampstead-road, N.W. SPEC DE, AND lomons, )serve e, Field, Glasses, g 12 and ow dis ad three t. Her day and dso pra m, and h a per and an FIFTY THOUSAND CURES Have been effected without Medicine, inconvenience or expense of Indigestion (dyspepsia), Constipation, Flatulency, Phlegm, Nervousness, Biliousness, Liver Complaints, Hysteria, Neuralgia, Sleeplessness, Acidity, Palpitation, Heartburn, Eruptions, Impurities, Irritability, Low Spifits, Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Hemorrhoids, Headache, Noises in the Head and Ears, Debility, Despondency, Cramps, Spasms, Nausea, and Sickness (during pregnancy or at sea), Sinking Fits, Cough, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption, also Children's Complaints, are effectually removed by DU BARRY'S delicious Health-Restoring REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, and is, moreover, the best food for infants and invalids generally, as it never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of gratitude from invalids thus cured :—Cure No. 71, of dyspep sia, from the Ri g ht H on. th e L ord Stuart d e Decies—‘, Dro mana, Cappoquin, County Waterford.—l have derived con siderable benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to authorise the publication of these lines. Stuart de Decies." Cure No. 49,8.32. " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, ner vousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food. Maria Jolly, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of N aa b i g Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herts, of extreme ner vousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fan cies. Cure No. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool: of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. CureNo.lB,2l6. Dr. Andrew Um, of con stipation, dyspepsia., nervous irritability. Cure No. 34,210. Dr. Shorten& of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. Cap tain Allan, of epileptic fits. Cure No. 42,116. Major Edie, of liver and kidney disease, and total prostration of strength Cure No. 36,418. Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spasms, and daily vomitings. Cure No. 26,418. Dr. Harvey, of diarhoea. and debility. Cure No. 39 , 628 . Dr. Wurtzer, of consumption. Cure No. 32,880. Wm. Hunt, Esq., b arr i ster, of paralysis. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts,timber-merchant, of Frim ley, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver de rangement, partial deafness. Cure No. 180. "Twenty-five years' nervousness, Constipation, indigestion, and debility, from which I have suffered great IniserY, and which no me dicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's Food in a very short time. .W. , 8 , E . i l er t h eeves,lBl, Fleet-street, London." Cure 268 Du lrrY's s p asms, an d nervousness, debility, w_it b li cram ps,s'ast years'd nausea, have been effectually cured restorimr, Food. Rev. John W. FlavelZßiddl,ington Norfolk." Cure No. 3,906. "Thirteen years co ugh, It in ec cli t rr orY s indiges tion and general debility have been removed _biD h u .. parry -e excellent Food. James Porter Athol-street, Pert Suitably packed for all climates, and with full g instructions. In In canisters, 11b., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 6d. ; 51b., Super refined quality. 101 b., 335. The 101b.lainV 121b.e.oanfaeise ters are forwarded ca r r iage free, on receipt of Post order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London ; Fort num, Mason, an d C o., 182, Pi cca dill y, an d through all groce rs and chemists in tow n an d coun t ry. Dr. PALL ACE'S PILLS and OINTMENT are nrepared upon scientific principles, without mercury, to pre vent the danger and injury resulting from quack preparations ; they purify, d r y e g g p u e l p a g t i e g , and strengthen the system, and cure effec tually flat ulency, liver and stomach( the Ointment heals sores, Nudes, chaps, ig w e o g unds, ulcers boils lcer eu s nile b na o le l yd ls i es Both pills and ointment are carefully packedsesofthe scalp, &c. Burma,rd e constipation,r disorders o an r d . for all climates, at is. lid.. 2s. 94., and 4s. 6d. London agents : Hannay, 63, Oxford-at. Sanger, 153, Oxford - street, and m ay be ordered through all medicine vendors. ni ce , safe, and effectual remedy for coughs DIJ BARRY'S PULMONIC COUGH BON BONS are a asthma, and all affections of the l ungs, throe' t colds nd , 0 h f g o n a r r s i n g l e l s e s d , excellence. In boxes-Is. lid., 2s. 9d, 4s. 6d. J Sanger, 150, Oxford-street, London, and all Chemists. • J . DU BARRY'S ANTI-DIARRIICEAL BON BONS are a never-failing remedy for English cholera, bo we l complaint, diarrhoea, dysentery, &c., &c. In boxes—ls. lid., 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d. J. Sanger, 150, Oxford-street, London, and all Chemists. DU BARRY'S FOOD FOR INFANTS, CHILDREN, AND INVALIDS, supersedes the dangers and expense of wet nursing, as infants are easily reared with it, and it is the best and most digestible Food for the delicate and invalids of any age. In canisters, at 25.. and 12Ib 21s. The large canis ters free of carriage. Barry Da Barry, and Co., 77, Regent street, London. Avoid Pills, end all other Medicine for Indigestion (dys- Pepsia), habitual Constipation, Flatulency. Acidity, Palpita tion of the Heart, Torpidity of the Liver, bilious Headaches, Nervousness, Biliousness, General Debility, Diarrhoea, Cough, Asthma, Consumption. Despondency, Spleen, &c. Send 2d. in stamps, and you will 'receive free by Post. a popular Trea tise, 61 pag es :" THE NATURAL REGENERATION OF THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS." Without pills, purgatives, or medicines of any kind, and without expense, by a simple, pleasant, and infallible means which 'saves 50 times its coat In other remedies ; •adapted to the general reader. London: James Gilbert,:49, Paternoster-row, and through aU book sellers he Lady Car tain h, near tchbult, rtillery, Church, N. 1., to r, Esq:, at St. neau, of fourth ronover- )rtman- Oakley f Hali- Henry Leotham :e,Win .l, Wilt- )uNG, to. 112, anty ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIO NS , GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO ag es MARRIAGE. New and improved Edition , enlarg ed to 196 p, illustrated. by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, just pub lished. price, free by post, ls. THE SILENT FRIEND : A Medical Work on the physical exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the effects of solitary indulgence, infection, and the injurious consequences from the use of Mercury : with observations on the obligations of marriage, and direcVons for obviating cer tain disqualifications. By R. and L. PERRY and Co.; Sur geons. Consultations as usual (see page 197). Sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row; Sanger, 160, Oxford street; and Gordon, 146, Leadenball-street, - London. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is employed in bo:li sexes o renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely balsamic : its power in reinvigorating the frame in all cases of nervous and sexual debility, obstinate gleets, impo tency, barrenness, anddevAlities arising from venereal exce sses, has been demonstrated by its unvarying sucess in thousands of cases. Price 11s. per bottle, or four quantities ir one for 335., which saves lls. The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the system, and is recom mended for any of the varied forms secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the skin, blotches on the head and face, en largements of the throat, tonsils, and uvula; threatened destruction of the nose, palate, Are. Its action is purely deter sive, and its beneficial influence on the sys;"„em is undeniable. Price lls. and 335. per bo;je, siso a saving of 11s. PER itY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS constitute an effectual remedy in either sex :or all cases of gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9c1., 4s. 64., and lls. per box. Sold by Daniel Church, 78, Gracecburch-street. City ; Bart ley-Hooner, 43. King William-street (four doors from Londom bridge) ; - G. F. Watts, 17, Strand ; W. Sutton and Co., 10, Bow churchyard ; W. Edwards, 67, St. Paul's-churchyaM ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford Street ; Hannay anti Dietrichsen, Oxford-street ; Butler and Harding, 4, Cheapside ; Prout and liars ant, 229 Strand, and all medical vendors throughout the United Kingdom •""" ORGANIC WEAKNESS-ITS CAUSES AND CURE. Just published (with an Appendix on the Curative Powers of Galvanic-Electricity), price ls., free by post for 13 stamps, SELF -PRESERVATION.—A Medical Treatise on NERVOUS DEBILITY and FUNCTIONAL . WEAKNESS. more particularly in reference to the INFIR MITIES and DISORDERS of the GENERATIVE SYSTEM; tracing the Origin of these distressing afflictions to causes which vitiate the very fountains of Life and prematurely de sotnrojlet Cure h vig o or; h o e f se Mah e o a o s d es .. l a V n ip on Pi t r e tica Observationsejraornar re storative power of LOCAL GALVANISM in cases ofnervous prostration, muscular debility, and functional incapacity, when used in combination with the remedial agents so suc cessfully employed by the Author during a practice of up wards of Twenty years. With descriptive Cases, numerous Engravings, Instructions, &c. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.,' 37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, . . Reg,istered Licentiate of the London Society of Apothecaria D o ctor of Medicine of the University of Erlangen, Honoraryr M e mber of the London Hospital Medical sOelety, ,ke. An erroneous impression exists that public announcements on these disorders emanate only from unqualified persons, but as the new Medical Act provides that none but registe re d prac titi on ers shall assume any medical title, those that are legally qualified can readily be distinguished—a point of great importance in cases where secrecy, confidence, and skill are equally requisite. In the new edition o ht elfPreservation,' facts of para mount utility are brougtogether—facts appealing . to the prudence of all who are suffering from a ff ections which in without which man forfeits the dignity of nature, and sinks to yolve the enfeeblement and ultimate loss of those powers the most pitiable depths of physical and moral deg radation. e In cases where the vital essences have been weaken ed by th e influences of tropical climates, by pernicious habit, indiscr minate excesses, improper diet, hardship, or by injudicious treatment, the means of cure adopted by the author, in con junction with the application of Local Galvanism, rally been found successful, even in cases where recovery had been Pronounced impossible. have gene.: Publiffited by the Avtl-or, price is., or free by post for thir- F L a o r v g e a , t E e, a S oc h h er sg e' a d ar ; e ß teen stamps, and may be had of Allen, Warwick-lane, Pater alGlnaesrg'oliwig; noster-row, London; Westmacott, chemist, Market -street, Manchester ; J, Guest, Bull-street, Birmingham; Baraclough, h ii. st r ree ow t, el rkt v h e ar tin p street, Dublin, or from the Author, who may be consulted daily, from Eleven till Two, and from Six till Eolt at bit 1151denoe, 37, Bedford-square, London _ I D , toornel'anClV-. Yesterday being the 71st anniversary of the set tlement of the Australian Colonies a dinner took place at the Albion Hotel, Aldersgate-street, to celebrate the event. The chair was occupied by Mr. H. Moor, late Member of the Legislative Council of New South Wales and. Victoria, the Vice-Chair man being Sir W. M. Manning, LL.D., represent ing New South Wales ; Mr. J. A. Youl, Tasmania ; Mr. P. S. Sturt, Victoria ; Mr. E. Stephens, South Australia ; and Mr. S. E. Fitzgerald, New Zealand. The list of guests included the Right Hon. Sir E. B. E. L. Bulwer Lytton, Sir J.Pakington, the Earl of Carnarvon, Lord A. Churchill, M.P., Mr. Row land-Hill, Sir J. Stirling, Col. Gawler, Mr. 3.. D. Smith, Commissary - General , Mr. Wilcox, M.P„ Mr. Gairdner, Admiral Sir G . Lambert, Mr. D. Dunbar, Mr. S. Morley, Mr. J. Spicer, Mr. J. Allan, Mr. H. Sewell, and Captain Galton. Among the colonists present were—Sir H. W. Parker, the Rev. Dr. Lillie, R. Kermode. Messrs. E. Wilson, R. Brooks, G. A. Anstey, G. Laing, T. W. Smart, H. Mercer, D. Larnac, P. Jones, P. T. Smith, T. S. Mort, C. Newton, G. Rees, J. Levick, and F. Piper. There were nearly 200 gentlemen present in all. After dinner the usual loyal and patriotic toasts were proposed from the chair and enthusiastically received by the company. Thanks having been returned on the part of the army by Colonel GAwLER, Sir J. .PAKINGTON, in responding for the sister service, observed that he deeply felt the responsi• bility of his position at the head of the navy, espe cially at the present juncture. As long, however, as he had the honour to hold that situation he would devote every energy he possessed to an attempt to restore that power, that efficiency, that unquestioned superiority of the British navy—(cheers)—which the general introduction of steam had for the moment . partially impaired. When he used these expressions it would be understood that he referred to the ships which belonged to us—not to those gallant officers and brave seamen whose dis cipline, whose prowess, and whose power of serving their country was as great now as it had been at any period of our history. (Cheers.) He hoped he was not guilty of presumption in attributing the cordiality of the reception just accorded to him partly to the fact that he had once been officially connected with the British colonies. (Hear.) It had been his fortune to hold the seals of the Colonial Department at the great crisis of the gold disco veries, and when our settlements in Australia were commencing that marvellous career of wealth and prosperity the rapidity of which had never been equalled in the annals of the world. (Cheers.) He owned that, deep as was his interest in the British navy, zealous as he was to do his duty towards that service, he could not but feel on an occasion like the present a pang of regret that he was no longer con nected with the colonies. (Hear.) That feeling, however, was solely a personal one, for it was his sincere conviction that the welfare of that depart ment could not be, and never had been, entrusted to better hands than those of his right hon. friend. (Cheers.) He was sure it • was the heartfelt senti ment of his right hon. friend, as, it undoubtedly was his own, that the noble dependencies of this empire generally, and Australia in particular, might ever prosper and flourish. (Cheers.) The CHAIRMAN then gave " The health of the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the rest of her Majesty's Ministers." The toast having been duly honoured, Sir E. B. LYTTON rose and said—Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, on my own part, and on that of my colleagues, her Majesty's Ministers, I have to re turn you our best thanks for the compliment that you have paid to us. My right hon. friend Sir J. Pakington has referred, with much courtes y towards myself, to the post which I now hold in the service of the Crown, and which he himself once filled with so much popularity and talent. It is, indeed, a post of immenselresponsibility ; and if its duties are conscientiously discharged it is one that involves incessant labour. Its powers are as varied as the different parts of that vast dominion which it surveys. Every colony, from the greatest to the least—from the little island of Labuan to the great province of Canada or Victoria—has a right to expect from the Home Government the most careful solicitude for its interests—the most affectionate anxiety for its progress. But you , t he colonists of Australia, may well elicit sympathy and respect from the breast of the coldest of states men. It is now exactly 71 years ago that the first colony of Australia, New South Wales, was founded. Why, that space of time is just the life of a single man who attains to the verge of old age. In the comparatively brief period to which the days of any obscure peasant in one of our remote villages may extend Australia has added to the sway of Queen Victoria more than 1,000,000 of British subjects, of freemen born to exert a powerful influence on the future destinies of the world. The revenue of that young dependency somewhat exceeds £5,000,000 l i sterling, its imports amounting to £27,000,000, and its exports to between £22,000,000 and £23,000,000. These statistics are, I know, within the mark, be-' cause they were furnished a year or more ago. But, while her material development has been so great so startling, what has been the growth of Australia in all that can dignify and ennoble man In place of that miserable penal setttlement with which the early history of New South Wales began you now see thriving communities of citizens, valuing the highest standard of morality, to the utmost degree enjoying rational liberty, and proving by their loyalty 9.nd good order how well they understand its blessings. (Cheers.) And with that extent of liberty there is no part even of the Old World in which there is so deep an appreciation of that kind of aristocracy without which I believe no society can flourish. I mean not the aristocracy of intel lect alone, but the aristocracy of civilized manners —the aristocracy of elevated character. (Hear.) To education in its higher forms you have given a wise encouragement. Your University of Sydney has already received a Royal charter; and the sister institution at Melbourne is , I trust, about to obtain the same boon. These charters will give equal validity throughout every part of her Majesty's dominions to the degrees accorded by these colonial Universities in arts, in medicine, ant in law to that which belongs to the corresponding degrees con ferred by the ancient and august foundations of Oxford and Cambridge. (Cheers.) Go next to Tasmania, which partly from its insulated position, partly from its smaller extent of available land, and partly from the absence of gold discoveries there, has perhaps not achieved the same dazzling progress as some of the sister colonies, and. you will still find that it has just passed a noble Act of its local Legislature, endowing no fewer than eight scholarships at £2OO a-year each for the support of Tasmanian scholars at the Universities of this country. (Cheers.) While, therefore, you have offered an inviting asylum and ample means of sub sistence to the working classes at home, you have shown your quick perception of the great fact that communities rise in the social scale not by the amount of their population alone, but also by those generous notions and that intellectual advancement which come with education and culture. Among th fgrro e amn v d ariu feature o s ' England,called I virtues ask t w hy l eo i ie uE hnt English l Australiastakeh gevt et h hm a a s ny o;uant derived that dat believe that as low: , as Australia lasts, the manli ness and gentlene ss of the gentlemen of England will be fostered on her soil. The reason why this identity, not of interests only, but of character, exists between Australia and England appears to me to be this :—The first British sttlers of America were refugees, who fled from this country before she had acquired for herself civil and religious liberty. We can, therefore, understand how in that cas there should have long obtained a rankling feeling of hereditary . resentment, and it may be a hereditary misconception, so that the United States are, perhaps, among all the great Powers of the world, the one which The annual meeting of this association was held yesterday at Manchester, Mr, Turner, M.P., in the chair. Mr. Fleming, the secretary, real the annual re port of the directors' proceedings. The CHAIRMAN congratulated the Chamber that the year 1859 was commencing under circumstances much more encouraging than those of a twelve month ago. We were then recovering from a very severe monetary crisis, and Manchester had reason to be proud of having passed through that crisis with credit ; for though it might have experienced difficulties and disasters, they were not so much the result of undue trading or reckless speculation as of the foolish course adopted by bank directors in vari ous parts of the country. The mercantile commu nity had less to blame itself for than the money in terests and those represented by joint-stock banks. We were commencing this year with every prospect of prosperity, and Manchester was as flourishing as he ever recollected it to be. It was, however, just a time when a word or two of caution might be neces sary. Both employers and employed might take it into their heads that this commercial prosperity was never to be checked, and he had been long enough in the world and long enough connected with com mercial matters to know this was the very period of danger; that we might go on rashly increasing our trading operations and pushing them in all parts of the world to a perilous extent, unless we took warning from the past. However, he saw very little speculation at present. andbelieved the business now carrying on was of a healthy description. It was a remarkable feature of the times that with such abun dance of money, and such reason for exciting our prosperity, there seemed at present to be scarcely any tendency to rash investment. (Hear, hear.) One most encouraging feature was the prospect of a good supply of cotton,but he hoped the likelihood of a very extraordinary crop from the United States would not render us forgetful of our anxieties and efforts with regard to a permanently adequate sup ply. He hoped that the Cotton Supply Association would not relax their exertions in any degree, be cause it should never be forgotten that we were de pendent for cotton upon almost one part of the world only, while most members of this Chamber were thoroughly convinced that there is a capabi lity in another part of the globe, more immediately under our own jurisdiction,of supplyng nearly every thing we wanted, if proper measures were taken. (Hear.) He believed sincerely that if the recommen dations of this Chamber, so often addressed to the Indian authorities, with regard to the measures re quisite for obtaining a due supply of raw material for England, had been taken been made, roads formed , ifthe improvementsco cotton districts of agents encouraged to settle in various parts of that country, and intercourse promoted between our com mercial classes and the natives of India, instead of their being solely brought in contact with mere offi cials and military men, we should have heard less of discontent, and probably have avoided that re volt which has been so disastrous to both countries. (Hear.) Although the measures proposed by this Chamber with regard to the future government of India were not entirely adopted, he was glad to say they were listened to, and he believed some of the principle of those recommendations would findtheir way into the future government of India. The India Board seemed to be disposed to adopt plans which were not so well received by the directors of the East India Company, and various improvements were likely to be carried out. The favour which the Madras Irrigation and Canal Company's scheme had received, and the guarantee it had obtained for a very large expenditure of capital, was one good omen of future policy ; and he hoped the same plans of improvement would be prosecuted in the direction of road making aid developing the gene ral resources of the country. If the India Board failed in this respect they were sure of hearing again the complaints from this Chamber which were so fre quently addressed to their predecessors in the Go vernment. (Hear, hear.) He next referred to the discreditable allegations as to the proceedings of one of the Manchester Commissioners in Bank ruptcy, as to which the Lord Chancellor had informed a deputation last year that the removal of such an officer could only be effected by an address of both Houses of Parliament to the Crown. If the directors were to take further proceedings in so delicate a matter he hoped they would be supported firmly by the opinion of a general meeting. (Hear.) In reference to our relations with Brazil he had a conversation with the Under Secretary of State, Mr. Fitzgerald, just before feaving London last session, who informed him that probably they would be placed on a much more satisfactory foot ing. (Applause.) Mr. BAZLEY, M.P., in moving the adoption of the report, expressed his satisfaction that a more constitutional Government had been given to India, the result of which was that we were enjoying an amount of commercial prosperity with that country which had never before been known. He looked forward to a still greater improvement, and, espe cially, when we were able to get a greater amount of agricultural produce in the shape of cotton and other staples of that country. It was satisfactory to know that while the late India Company in 200 years did not expend three millions of money in roads and in improvements for the development of its commercial resources, already, within a few years, such progress had been made that guaran tees had been given for the application of nearly thirty millions to that purpose. (Hear.) He expressed his regret at learning, though a bill placed in his bands by the Town-clerk, that Liverpool was about to seek Parliamentary powers to dip its hands into the pockets of Lancashire to the amount of £40,000 per annum, and hoped that steps might be taken to prevent the renewal of an injustice which it had been hoped was set at rest by recent legislation in reference to the Liverpool town dues. Mr. Entwistle, Mr. Edmund ?otter, and Mr. Hadfield, M.P., addressed the meeting, and the resolution was adopted. After some remarks from Mr. HENRY ASTIWORTR upon the evils produced in the late crisis by the encouragement banks at Liverpool and Glasgow had held out to undue speculation, and the compa rative soundness of trade at the present time, Mr. JOHN CUEETRAM, M.P., moved a resolution to the effect that a petition be presented to Parlia ment in reference to the removal of the Commis sioner in Bankruptcy alluded to by the chairman. Adverting to the Liverpool Bill, which Mr. Bazley had called attention to, he said he understood, if they would consent to the rating of the docks, Liverpool would give up its claim to the town dues. The second line of defence is that of the Mincio, some ninety English miles east of the line of the Ticino. This line extends from the Lago di Garda, or rather from the strong fortress of Peschiera, for twenty-eight miles southward across the plain of Lombardy, past the impregnable fortress of Mantua, to the Po. Even the great Napoleon could not subdue Mantua, strong in its earthworks, stronger still in its dams and dykes, strongest of all in the mortal malaria of its marshes. P eschiera has recently been raised to the utmost strength, and is amply provisioned against reduction by blockade. Such is the line of the Mincio. A third line of defence is that of the river Adige, which is defended by the great entrenched camp of Verona. This camp has been constructed accord ing to the most scientific principles. It consists of a series of round forts, so placed as to command each other, but so numerous that the whole of them can never be invested. The consequence is that the Austrians, even if driven back upon Verona, will not onlyhave their retreat secured—for Verona commands all the roads, north and cast, to the Danube and Vienna—but will be so placed as to compel the enemy to fight them behind their entrenchments. Every one now knows how impossible it was to take Sebastopol so long as the retreat across the harbour was secure, and the Russians were able to fight behind entrenchments, and to repair their losses. The same. difficulties will harass the allied army in Italy, with this peculiarity, that there will be no means of cutting off the Austrian retreat. Such, then, are the three lines which must be passed by an army advancing upon the Austrians from Novara and the plains of Turin. The ground which must be traversed is not unknown. Nay, it is the very text-book from which every general of these days has learnt the principles of war : it was the military parade ground of Radetzky—the field where, in peace, he constantly manoeuvred, and where, in war he led his troops to victory. It was here that General Hess learnt and practised, under his great master, that science of strategy in which he became so proficient that in 1849, being en trusted to draw up the plan of the short, final cam paign, he indicated Novara as the probable spot on which the decisive battle would be fought. It is easy for rhetoricians to talk of sweeping the Aus trian hordes out of Italy, but no strategist will say that the passing three lines of defence such as have been described is a simple matter. It will need con summate skill and devoted gallantry. Nor is lit probable that an officer such as Niel, now at Turin, A numerously attended meeting of. this society, was held on Monday evening, at Burlington House,' Sir Roderick I. Murchison, president, in the chair. Among those present were—Their Excellencies Admiral Van Dockum and Count Platen ; Admirals Sir Thomas Herbert and Sir G. Back ; Generals Sir G. Pollock, Portlock, and Alexander; Consul General Crowe, Captain Pal be Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Mr, W. Wright, of the United States, Sir Thomas Fremantle, Sir Henry Rawlinson ; Colonels Everest, James, Sotheby, and Gawler ; the Hon. A. Kin naird, M.P. ' • Mr- Ayrton, M.P. ; Mr. Wyld, M.P.; Captains Hall, Collinson, and Morris, R.N. ; Majors takes and Middleton; Captains Johnstone and Sydney Webb ;: Drs, Hodgkin, Lister, Camps, and Price ; Messrs. Brooking, Crawford, Biddulph, Cocks, Allan, Charles White, Staveley, Merivale, Arden, Osborne Smith, lamilton, Newman, Westenholz, Atkinson, &c., &c. The papers read were :- 1. Journey in Mexico, by Charles Sevin, Esq., V.R.S. The author, accompanied by an experienced Cornish miner and assayer, started from England in May, 1856„arrived at San Francisco, via Panama, pn the 16tk June, and, having visited the gold and quicksilver mines in the neighbourhood, set out for Mazatlan (Mexico), whichthey reached on the 25th of the same month, whence they pursued a northerly direction, following the road to the Sierra Madre, passing successively the towns of Culiacan, the country in the neighbourhood of which is extremely rich and beautiful; Cinaloa and El Fuerte, the last being near the boundaries of Sonora, and 73 miles east of Almos, on the principal road to the port of, Guaymas. The country around El Fuerte (situated on a great plain) is described as inferior to that of Culiacan ; the town is on the southern bank of the river of the same name, which is there very broad and deep, rises to a great height during , the rainy season, and has its source far in the in terior of the Sierra, being strengthened by the waters gathered within a circuit of 400 miles, and still within the water partings of the west part of the great Cordillera. The Rio el Fuerte, flowing almost in a due westerly direction through the whole province of Cinaloa, divides it from the pro vince of Sonora, and ultimately falls into the Gulf of California. Leaving this place, they travelled in an easterly direction, and after passing several small towns and Tillages, and crossing the Rio Chois with some difficulty, proceeded across high moun tains, covered with primitive and tropical woods. The travellers stopped and examined some copper smelting works belonging formerly to an English man, Mr. Anderson, situated on a mountain ridge about 3,500 feet above the level of the valley below. Continuing their journey i'i the direction of the province of Chihuahua, and constantly ascending, they reached a great plateau, the summit of one of the highest points of the Cordillera, 8,000 or 9,000 feet above the level of the sea, which opened up a fine panoramic view of the neighbouring country ' - they then pushed on to the capital of Chihuahua, which, together with the province, is described ; and on their return they passed on both sides many Indian villages, visited the formerly flourishing town of Botopilas, the richest silver mining district of the north of Mexico, the Pueblo of Bahuaraehie and its famous copper mines, again reached El Fuerte, and returned to Mazatlan, fol lowing nearly the same route. Mr. Sevin describes death Furthert le very fully the present state of the country, its resources, and inhabitants ; and his narrative is illustrated by diagrams, showing the mountain ranges and physical character of the country, and accompanied by numerous specimens of minerals, to which his attention had been specially directed. He states that there are everywhere indications of the presence of silver, which is now worked without much skill or enterprise, and he is of opinion that if English capital and energy were employed it would be attended with great profit. The second paper read was—Reports from Cap tains Burton and Speke, of the East African expe dition, on their discovery of Lake Ugiji, &c., with route maps. These enterprising officers had lft the shores of Lake Ugiji in the month of May last, and halted at the main depot of Arab trade, Unyanyembe, whence Captain Speke purposed proceeding to the Ukerawa Lake, of which the Arabs gave grand accounts, 12 or 15 days' march north. If suc cessful in this, they will be enabled to bring home authentic details of the four great waters which drain Eastern Central Africa—namely, the Nyassa, the Chiwa, the Ugiji, and the Ukerewa lakes. On Captain Speke's return both will repair to the east coast, which they hoped to reach in December. The explorers had encountered numerous and fearful difficulties, and suffered severely from the unhealthi ness .of the country and other causes. . All their asses, 30 in number, had died. Many of the native attendants had deserted them, and, but for the kind and generous assistance of the French consul at Zanzibar, M. Ladislaus Cochet, who, after Colonel Hamerton's unfortunate decease, proved himself an active and energetic friend, they would have been unable to proceed. " Still (they write) we are slowly removing, and the thought of finishin our labours with, what we hope will considered,be most valuable results,* has much diminished the terrible wear and tear of mind caused by wants ft during our journey westwards. . these explorations, which he remarked were second only to those of Dr.) Livingstone. Captains Burton and Speke had penetrated into the interior a dis tance of about 500 miles at a great hazard and amid The President dwelt upon the importance of appalling obstacles, through a country entirely thhaadt beenthe unknown to, and unvisited by Europeans. The o acc interior n paospp a it i nra l i cnxiioi s ifl i ce o d e:dcni f d e t. eoar A s iti ptgiyno f b i. obao r sl y ry i nuitt c ha,eas a ecinevwen i t: s e, eere i rtx. higher eyoi n)de r arbaiti became ycAg assistance he said, confirmed the views of Dr. Living :. trusted succeed him, shs • s to r ie a nt (in s t, mentioned r rwutochutai basinlotanwhen afford encircled bt eh ien Arabic known in in hi England,s power. o wer . results, he and those advanced by himself in his presi dential addresses to the society, expectedby the Indian a position to announce the safe return to the coast of these courageous and enterprising officers. The Chairman finally announced that her Majesty had granted acharter ' ' of incorporation to the society. The meeting then adjourned to the 14th of February. namely, scholar, * The source of the Nile. d A pi ll . m r oye E ,, aie a gsc i ll e t:ohda A risd N rillrt N npa l t 0., dlr forwardedT. ne . ocino T n. he steamship ,Indian sailed from Liverpool yesterday (Wednesday), with the Canadian c mails and 37 passengers, for Portland, Maine. On Satur day the North American mails will bo taken out by the Cunard steamer America, which sails on that day for Boston and Halifax. The post-office box at Liverpool will close on that day at 1 p.m., with late fees at 2 p.m., and on the landing-stage at 3p.m. [AnvEnrtsEmENT.l—Rarey's Horse and Cattle Imp r ro anse v sd, i ne muscle extra Cows,r F a oeomxdo;elli expense, Bullocks, soa,vs Calves,si it contains conditionedt c h o o a isondhr n ps t roll l i afere n aapepo a alrep, u su , ciampkear y teiodnr g fdoet l o hfii gstdoeisae imitators ngs. br n n ts e d . a:o u lnowffit r n nacea l jutioetu!tsnhb4 offeredo bey: ment than its cost of lid. per feed supplies in corn or hay;d n f hence ensures an actual saving. In a short time it 20 to 30 per cent. Rarey and Co., sole importers, 77, Pi c _ feeds, 6s. ; of about 90 feeds, lls. ; in casks of about 450 f ee ds, 50s. ; of about 1,000 feeds, £5, being about 111 per Important Caution—Beware of spurious imitations Orders. by th e proceeded against. UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. The Senate of the University of London have just issued their new regulations for examinations and degrees. Henceforth there are to be provi • n cial examinations for matriculation and for the degree of Bachelor of Arts. These examinations will be carried on simultaneously with the exami nations in London, on the same days, and at the same hours. Sealed packets containing the exami nation papers will be sent down from London, and publicly opened iit_the commencement of ill t l he e i Kon - -vincial examination. The se packets w b trusted to a sub-examiner named by the Senate and sent down expressly for the ocTasion, who will be responsible to the Senate for the proper opening of the papers, for the conduct of the examiation, an at d for the collection an d sealing up of the answers the close of each examination. The answers will be brought back to London ale in sed ackets and at , so as to be reviewed bv the examiners in Lo p ndon 1 the same time with the answers of the Londo n the l o c al Loownnao b y y t hacan didates,s and the total results (includi k n w ell as the cent ral) will be made exam i ner s in London on the sa me day as they are e at present. Applications from any city, town, or college desiring the institution of provincial exa minations in the present year must be transmitted to the registrar before the Ist of May. Under the new arrangements there are to be two examina tions for matriculation in each year at Burlington house, one commencing on the second Monday in and the January, o t he r on the first Mondayin July. Any candidate wh o has passed may be examined for honours in m ath ematics and natural philosophy , classics, chemis try , an d natural history. The first B.A. examination will take place once a-year, and will commence on the third Monday in July. Any candidate who has passed this examination May be examined for honours in mathematics , Latin, Eng lish, and for prizes in the French and German lan guages and literature. The second B.A. examina tion will take place once a year, and will commenc e on the fourth Monday in October. The examina tion for the degree of Master of Arts will take place once a-year, and commence on the first Monday in June. -