The Sun. — London, England, 1860-04-03 00:00:00

177 - 1 ~ ~: 410. • 141 , ‘Nijd .kt k t 7 . QI7Le. 2r 4e r / 4 4 i • , - U •c .4 01 4011 k • _ < r. . 4 11kifti o _ - ..4414 1 5 ; 0 0 ( ' ' -- *, , 4 r •19 N _Aoff -.)! on : . ce i ; • ho 4ETROPOLITAN, COUNTIES, AND ``• GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 27, Re gent - street, Waterloo-place, London, S.W. Life Assurance, Annuities,F:ndowinents and Lnans. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Manager. NEIV-SPAPR, A.D. 1720. ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE CORPORATION (Established by Charter of his Majesty Geor g e the First) FOR SEA, FIRE, LIFE, AND ANNUITIES. Offices, Royal'Exchange, London. Branch Office, 29, Pall-mall. „ OCTAVIUS WIGRAM, Esq., Governor. li-EORGE PEARKES BARCLAY, Esq., Sub-Governor. Sir JOHN WILLIAM LUBBOCK, Bart., Deputy-Governor. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 3, 1860. No. 21,147. PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD. PUBLICATIONS, the trade :e for the continued essing in f business than was ertheless, in. Wool. London, ndance of reign ac st. There prices on ) the last for the nises con- English of busi a s light market of flax mtinental han at the T n rough nnand for dty in ob the spin- ght not be manufac n on Tues. uneasiness interfered sore hope- Df caution e of which to of inte ess, owing •e still en :rably con- , hitherto time pa st, erns there Ls branches more stiff )pe of sta- )ply, with. s day se's , and 45s to g in barley', Oats is t 24s to 300 43s to 468. ;s to 37s per ly of wheat, fully waist' Ley. Tter• rates vier* .. 40s to 45 6 ..348 to 408 ..248 to 286 nd, with s 46s to 50e all show of 32s to SO oats, — a is —near, 385 I to —8 per 5 to ioe,per ft wheat, in steadily rat to same as Ow, at late our, Ws to k. moderate I a further )re money. d. E. d. 0 to 0 0 to 14 0 0 to 23 6 6 to 15 0 6 to 19 0 6 to 36 0 ST. espatched mails. 'Next Mail due. ApriLlo April 4 lApril 12 l Aprit 4 lApri 13 (April 3 'Aprlll2 April 3 April lA April '3 April 12 !April 1 0 iApril 4 'April 5 April. 1 April 3 ' April 12 April 4 April le 'April 1 ment.— to.t par ed to an rofess or of his he aye st prove Hollo f faith ; power: ntment oway's ver w , m , N1..../IP .............°. Lull ;aville- Miner ghter, pariah eldest Ellen s q., of kneY ) Miss rd G• sold, e2scle, Ken- LC., Mr. ated azza NU S 112, y of DIRECTORS, j rle h nrY Bainbridge, Esq. Wilmot Holland. Esq. ....0 n Garratt Cattley, Esq. Chas. Jno. Manning, Esq. Edwd. Maxwell Daniell, Esq. Hon. Jno. T. Leslie Melville ...47 , hi i eo l x l m a a m Davidson, Esq. Sir Jno. Henry Pelly, Bart. a n s d p r e p nt ru , Esq. Hon. sq. Hon. Jose. W. Percy. Alexander P. Prevost, Esq. Charlesiredk Jos. F,dlmann, Esq. Rep.;nld. F. Remington, Esq. RiversFarquharson, Esq. Charles Robinson, Esq. dale W. Grenfell, Esq. William Soltau. Esq. llobt. Amadeus Heath, Esq. Joseph Somes, Esq., M.P. fnl. Tetlow Hibbert, Esq.' William Wallace, Esq. Jas. Stewart Hodgson, Esq. Chas. Baring Young, Esq. Medical Referee, SAMUEL SoLLY, Esq., F.R.S. I , OTICE.—The usual fifteen days allowed for payment o f on 9 IREth PREMIUMS falling due at Ladyclay will expire Ap r il . } IRE and LIFE ASSURANCES may be effected with this Corporation on advantageous terms. 4 , In the Lif e D epartment, assurances are granted with par "LeiPation in Profits, or, at lower Premiums, without such P ar ticipation.' ~rhe Reversionary Bonus on British Policies has averaged , 1 / 2 7; s illy 2 per cent. per annum on the sum assured, or 48 per "' - ',L. upon the Premiums paid. .., .quivalent reductions have been made in the Premiums Payable by persons who preferred that form of Bonus. The future divisions of Profit will take place every Five Years. L i tny sum not exceeding £15,000 may be insured on one This Corporation affords to the Assured— Liberal participation in Profits—with exemption from the liabilities of partnership. A rate of Bonus equal to the average returns of Mutual Societies—with the guarantee of a large invested Capital Stock. The advantages of modern practice,—with the security of an Office whose resources have been tested by the ex- Perience of nearly a CENTURY AND A HALF. The Corporation has always allowed the Assured to serve 111 the Militi a , Y eomanry, or Volunteer Corps within the united Kingdom, free of charge.- ROYAL EXCHANGE, LONDON. JOHN A. MOHAN, Actuary and Secretar7.4? — NEWT' , :tTAA in COMMERCIAL PRO r GRESS.—An unlimited supply of the staples of Mann- IReture. Break up the Colonial Land Monopolies with the team Plough—work for the idle—independence for the in tThtrious—civilization for the savage—freedom for the slave "-clothing for the naked—political independence for farmers. aOFIN GILES'S MODEL (worked by man power, and nighing 1,000Ibs.), illustrating a new principle in loeomo- L ive traction, suited' l all the duties of Agriculture at home 11nd abroad, will draw a load of three tons up the incline to co uthwark-bridge (Surrey side), on Thursday April 5, at 3 1:1 : 111 . punctual. This engine was not punctual'to its last en c4gement through an unforeseen accident, for which the in- Tentor apologises. 1, Cannon-street, City. PRESENTS.— ORNAME N TAL a nd SCIEN „ TIFIC.—ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, fd Dining-room, consistingof anew and elegant assortment r e VASES, Figures, Groups, Candl e sticks, Ob e li s k s , I n k s t an d s , antiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &c., in Italian,Alabas -21% Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c. Imported and Eattufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her 44 ,Lkiesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London. 1:124_ r. Tennant. arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, I .NERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate h e interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY, b 4, GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, t o 100 gu i neas eac h. RACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE -4,10A.L0G Y is given by Mr. TENNANr, at 149, Strand, W.C. REDUCTION OF TEN POUNDS PER TON In the price of THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE On and after the Ist of April. 1860. ,k l arrels ctg 448 Feeds , wg nett 1121b5., with me a s ure, 40 s eac h vases Feeds„. 1121b5., in Packets, 45s each Carriage paid to any railway station in the kingdom, Nutritives value .. £l5 Condimental value .. .. 125 Total £l4O per ton. l howing a - profit of £lOO per ton through the use of this in valuable compound, adapted for the seasoning of all kinds ()f food for animals. Agents required in every town where none are already . PPointed. JOSEPH THORLEY, the Inventor and sole Proprietor. Offices, 77, Newgate-street, London. A Pamphlet sent free by post on application. kit Published, in 1 v01.,' Bvo. with numerous Anatomical Plates, post free, on receipt of six penny stamps, VITA VITALIS. - A NEW MEDICAL WORK o on the NATURE, TREATMENT and CURE of s P ERMATORRHCEA, and other URINO - GENITAL ' DI SEASES, an d consequent exhaustion of the NERVOUS 13 1( STEM. caused by the errors of Man in youth and rTelt , producing a degeneracy of MENTAL and PHYSICAL ENGTH, terminating in debility of the generative or theP9is and INCAPACITY FOR MARRIED LIPP:, chewing y these Di seases so often appear incurable when in reality Y can be effectually removed by the most simple means, .07.;•ether with the Author's remedies for preventing in fection. fed A A P RYSICIAN &a. (registered under the New street, Lon C t). Address'. Medicus, 19, Berners-street,ROxford don. sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, Pater- I:Mister-row, and all Booksellers in Town and Country. MEDICAL ON MANHOOD—NEW EDITION , : RTIS ESSAY ON NERVOUS AND GENERA TIVE DISEASES. att P ublished, the 125th thousand, with numerous plates, „Z,a, sealed envelope, price Is., Sold by all Booksellers, or MAPost paid, by the Author, for 12 stamps, NHOOD : the CAUSE and CURE of PRE- Perfect — "M RE D ECLINE. with Plain Directions for 15 Alt—itesturation Health and Viaour. By J . L. CURTIS, ~crillarle-street, Piccadilly, London.- and FINTRODUe CONTENTS : Structure T ORY CHAPTER on the Physiological CHAPT unctions of the Reproductive Organs. E arly E R IL —Causes of Supermatorrhrea and I m p o t ence; Vicious C Indulgences ; Dangers of Neglect. of HAPTER lII.—A Review of the various Di squa lifi cat i ons Marriaze : whether resulting from Abuse F ollies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, Youthful or Infection., the CHA PTER IV.—The Author's plan of T rea t men t , M e di cal and Nforal, being the result of a successful practice extending Over a period of 25 years. CH APTERS V. and VI. on the mo d ern T rea t ment of Gonorrhoea and Syphilis. „"s The Book con c l u d es w i t h numerous varied and Interesting ..'"otioes, n to Which is added th e A u th or ' s rece i pt of a preventive .L. REVIEW OF WORK. ~" Curtis on Manhood.— S This is a THE truly valuable work, and Vould be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times," 44 E1 March, 1856. The author has conferred aeat boon b publishing this little work, in which is described the source y of those diseases rillich produce decline in youth or more frequently premature "Lci "--.“ Daily Telegraph," March 27, 1856. At "nho melo for I. consultation, daily, from 10 till 3 and 6 to R. days, to F° n NO MORE MEDICINE - sr ..A.BITITAL CONSTIPATION, INDIGESTION (DYSPEPSIA), ~,ERILITY, NERVOUS, BILIOUS, PULMONARY, AND LIVER .‘•° SI PLAINTS. .10 1 ) BARRY'S DLTCIOUS HEALTH RESTORING REVALENTA ARABICA F OOD.— t a Titleate No. 36,418.—1 n our practice we have been enabled sh r a PPreciate the virtues of Du Barry's Food. In its effect on onto dyspepsia (indigestion), nervousness, constipation, orrhcea, on bilious and liver complaints, cough, asthm i, de itsitY, and incipient consumption, we find it the safest remedy. (Jr. Ure, M.D., F.R.S., Dr. Harvey, Dr. Bright, Dr. Shor "d, Dr. Campbell. 'PBarry's Food cures effectually---Acidity, asthma bilious a, blood to the head, bowel complaints, bronchitis, ca s,_rrh, colds, congestion, constipation, consumption, ^ramps, d p ,VI, debility, despondency, diarrhoea, distention, dizziness, qit "NY, drowsiness, dysentery, dyspepsia (Indigestion), erup tine. exhaustion, fevers, epileptic fits, flatulency, gout, ha it„a al constipation, headache, heartburn, hmmorrhoids, hys a, impurities, indigestion (dyspepsia,) irritability, irrita lavtl of kidneys and bladder. liver complaints, loss of memory, si.* spirits, nausea and sickness, nsrvousness, nervous fan -48, neuralgia, noises in the ear, pains between the shoul -14,a, Palitaon, rheumatism, paralysis, phlegm, pulmonary corn th_illts, scrofula, sinking, sleeplessness, sore b yeat, spasms, tightness across the chest. At about one ea l OY per meal, it effectually cures the above, also children's sOPlaints, and saves fifty times its cost in medicine. It does 11,,,_ - `,tlirn acid nor interfere with a liberal diet but imparts a selthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores the faculty shi. ti gestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most sebled. We extract a fewout of many thous ind cures : st l , o 4 e No. 54,816, from the Rev. James T. Campbell, Syder (Os Rectory, near Fakenham, Norfolk : "In all cases of in sestion, and particularly where the liver is affected. Qn r ti sider it the best of all remedies. —J ames T . C amp b e ll . " the No. 71, of Dyspepsia, from the Ri g ht H onoura bl e mLord Stuart de Decies : "I have deri ve d c ons id era bl e eat from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food. Stuart de iro,„ ele a.”—Cure No. 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribab l .e agony dyspepsia, nervonsness, asthma, cough, constipation, hatt&uleney, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting, 0 1's been removed by Du Barry's excellert Food. Maria lipWortham Ling, near Diss. Norfolk."—Cure No. 52,087: d - lltarshal the Duke of Pluskow, of a gastric intiamma- N, Th , of the storeacis—Cure No. 51,614: Baron de Polatitz, 1 11`' s st of Laneenau, of many years' horrible sufferings of ill, nerves and an obstinate constip a ti on. C ure N o. ` 1 Miss ElizabetA Tacobs of Nazing, Vicarage, i a , , ,tlittin Cross, Herta, a care of extreme nervousness %;.•;!Nestion, gatherings. low spirits, and nervous fancies.— ss i .,.! No. 48,314: Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Li lis r ° 9 l: a cure of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of So0; t 0 , 11 5 irritability. —Cure No. 18,216: Dr, Andrew Ure, of I )).."%.Pation, dyspepsia, nervous irritability.—Cure No. 34.210: thi,,horland, of dropsy and debility.—Cure No. 36,212 : Cap stir Allan, of epileptic fits.—Cure 42,116 ; Major Edie, of 41,,I'Vernent of the liver, and total prostration of strength he r ,,e No. 36,418: Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spasms, tar rs ly vomitings.—Cure No. 26,418 : Dr. Harvey, of t os,,:icea and debility.—Cure No. 39,618 : Dr. Wurtzer. of list,Ption.—Cure No. 32,880 : William Hunt, Esq. 8ar ;144 paralysis.—Cure No. 46,270 : Mr. James Roberts,. aar Merchant, of Frimley, Surrey, 30 years' diseased d eaf spitting , spitting, of blood, liver derangement, partial es „,ste,.` a s•—Cure No. 46,814: Mr. Samuel Laxton, Lei ei two years' diarrhcea. - - Cure. No. 52,612 tsp.%Wag Countess of Castlestuart, of many years' ner 4ritability, bile and indigestion, —Cure N0..54.812 Miss ;.; ( I —a la Zeguers, cured of consumption, after her medi `4ls t advisers had abandoned all hopes of recovery.— : t 4s ti l lo. 180 • "Twenty-five years' nervousness, con " si,'„°,,n, indigestion, and debility, from which I have great misery, and which no medicine could re or relieve, have been effectually cure d b y D u ,fle r q 8 rood in a very short time. W. B. R eeves, 1 81, Lsissoi,treet, London."—N o . 4,208: " Ei g ht years ' dyspepsia, ra"ieli -s neari, debility, with cramps, sp asms , an d nausea, f or ees o : l 7 servant had consulted the advice of m an y , h ave b een h~PYidl lY Cured by Du Barry's health-restoring Food. I shall to answer any inquiries. Rev. John W. Flavell, s`seti ^ " 1 Rectory, Norfolk." No. 32,586: "Three years' lid 'bee ervousness, with pains in my neck and left arm, pas erttl debility, which rendered my life very miserable, Ood radically` a , removed by Du Barry's health-restoring, 4s S, Archdeacon of Ross, Skibbereen." d4,k5 9 06 Thirteen years' cough indigestion, and gene ''LL have been removed by' Du Barry's excellent 1 1 , Cam" ers : Ilb. 2s. 9d., 21b, 4s. 6d., 121 b. 225., 241 b. 40s. (*V <4l ied quality 51b. 225., 101 b. 335. The 101 b., 121 b., and ti ; l iety titsters carriage free on receipt of Post-office Order, by *4 14, Its ti s o ll arrY ancl'Cs., 77, Regent-street, London ; Fort skeet . and Co., 182 Piccadilly Abbis, 60, Gracechurch- I:osu ont WI and 150 ' Oxford-street, 330. Strand, 4, Cheap- Ta o id a t and through all grocers and chemists. st u all(l , 47nnY stamp and you will receive, post free, the saseterl."..,Guide, or "NATUttAL RESTORER ()F tisa: eeoo o - ` t r - ALTII." without Medicine, by a Bi-wile, plea sts:a Its Co Mica- and unfailing moans, which saves fifty st ery s nothe lungsedi, restoring perfect disTstion, 41 i4 4ri tY to"' sound, refreshing sleep, and functional 10, 1 ti on(d the most enfeebled, and removing effectually in- Pliot2snt O,,,Y,PsPsi a ) , debility, nervousness, cow.th, asthma., dy,4l-Irnotion. dropsy, constipation. flatulency, diar- Nbi t boig,"alery, l iiliousness, fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, 'etcl4 ORR in the ears rheumatism, go t, impurities et ' hYtiteti '" ' ' itte pas—. a, neuralgia, Irranbtlity, despond sness, _ps, a,,__vation, heartburn headache, ency, s, nausea, and sickness, sinking fits. :bronchi kee* C h i ld l,oe's's t1(10 4. no mPlaints.—S.Y. Barry, L77,titegent- MRS. THO3ISON'S LIFE OF BUCKINGHAM. Now ready, in 3 vols., with Portrait, 31s. 6d., THE LIFE AND 'MIES OF GEORGE -I- VILLIERS, DUKE OF BUCKINGHAM. From Original and Authentic Sources. By Mrs. THOMSON, Author of " Memoirs of Henry VIII.," " The Duchess of Marlborough," &c. Hurst & Blackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlb )ronh- street. THE NEW NOVEL, Now Ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., STRETTON OF • RINGWOOD CHACE. A NOVEL. - - -- -- Hurst and Blacken, Publishers, — successors to Henry Col burn, 13, Great 3larlborough-street. THE MANSE GARDEN ; or, Pleasant Culture of Fruit Trees, Flowers, Vegetables, and Sweet Herbs, for the beauty and profit of the Villa or Farm. By N. PATERSON, D.D. Ninth Thousand. With numerous Additions and Improvements. Crown Bvo, cloth, 2s. London : James Blackwood, Paternoster-row. 144 pages, 70 Engraving,s, post free 2 stamps. COMMON SENSE in a NUTSHELL ; or , Every Man his own Doctor. The MEDICAL ADVISER, containing rules, prescriptions, &c., for the speedy cure, by very simple means, of Spermatorrhcea, and all the more com mon diseases of the urino-genital system, which, from neglect or improper treatment, too often result in Pains in the Back, Gravel, Nervousness, Exhaustion, and Incapacity. Sent post free for two Stamps, by Dr. DE Roos, 10, Berners-street, Oxford-street, W. Just published, Bvo, in cloth, price 55., by pos t f ree, ss. 6d., ON THE SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT o f STRICTURES of the URETHRA ; showing why they so often appear Incurable, when in reality they might be removed by the most simple means, By P. B. COUBTENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Strictures of the Urethra. " This work is the production of a surgeon whose special attention has been directed, through a long professional life, to the treatment of strictures of the urethra. The cases which Mr. Courtenav has given supply ampl e ev id ence o f hi s great discriminative . power in the diagnosis of the various kinds of stricture, and of the scientific principles upon which their management is founded. By his systematic management an immense mitigation of pain to the unhappy sufferers is attained, and future mischief prevented. The work we can most unreservedly and confidently recommend as a valuable contribution, both to the general and professional reader, and ought to be found in the private study of all who are subject to stricture."—Medical Circular, Dec. Ist, 1858. London: H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. NOTICE. rPHE GENUINE AND ORIGINAL B OND ' S 1_ PERMANENT MARKING INK bears the address on the Label, 28, LONG -LANE, WEST SMITHFIELD, CITY. IF YOU DESIRE GOOD HE A L T H SMOKE AROMATIC HERB TOBACCO, prepared only by WILLIAM GR IMSTONE, and swallow your spittle, which will then strengthen your digestive organs. Sold in square packets, 3d. per oz., 3s. 6d. per lb. The smoke equals Oriental pastilles. Or, if your sight or hearing is bad, take GIIIRSTONE'S HERBACEOUS EYE SNUFF. Sold in tinfoil packets, 6d. per oz., or in 11b. or 21b. jars. Or, do you want a new growth of Human Hair? GIMES TONE'S AROMATIC REGENERATOR is the only article that will give it you. It is sold in triangular bottles, with pamphlet of real testimonials, 45., 75., and lls. (this size contains four of the 4s. sizes, by post, 125., and in cludes postage, ST.c. Familycases containing five, lls.; bottles, £2 4s. The above are produced at the Herbary from herbs, flowers, and roots. All letters to William Grimstone, London Depot, 52, High-street, Bloomsbury ; and by all respectable merchants and traders. KE"ATING'S COUGH LOZENGES . - Statistics shew that 50,000 Persons annually fall vic tims to Pulmonary Disorders, including Consumption, Diseases of the Chest and the Respiratory Organs. Preven tion is at all times better than cure ; be, therefore, prepared during the wet and wintry season with a supply of KEAT ING'S COUGH LOZENGES, which possess the virtue of averting, as well as of curing a Cough or Cold; they are good alike for the young or for the aged. Prepared and sold in Boxes, ls. lid., and Tins, 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and 10s. 6d. each, by THOMAS KEATING, Chemist, &c., 79, St. Paul's-churchyard, London. Retail by all Drugr,ists, &c. IMPORTANT TO CLERGYMEN, PUBLIC SPEAKERS, AND SIN GE R.S. St. Paul's Cathedral. have much pleasure in recommending your Lo zenges to those who may be distressed with Hoarseness. They have afforded me relief on several occasions when scarcely able to sing from the effects of Catarrh. I think they would be very useful to Clergymen. Barristers, and Public Orators. I am. Sir, yours faithfully, THOMAS FRANCIS, Vicar Choral. To Mr. Keating. rIERTAIN RELIEF for the AFFLICTED.— Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr. Scott, of Bromley, Kent, are a sure remedy for affections of the liver, indigestion, bile, sick headache, giddiness, loss of appe tite, lowness of spirits, &c. They can be taken at any time, without any danger from wet or cold, act mildly on the bowels, without pain or griping, clear the skin, remove 'sallowness and pimples, purify the blood, brace the nerves, and invigo rate the whole system. Sold by most druggists, in boxes. to, ila and 20 Oa. oaoh. Dc sum t,, ask fur Dr. bCotrii Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green package, with " William Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street," en graved on the Government stamp. 3, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON. DR: CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Nlldwifery, and Apo thecaries' gall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive indul gences, Has Just published, price Is. ; by post, 13 stamps,: 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled OURSELVES. Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation - The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure. Also, an Exposition of, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, 71Iennorrhagia (Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrheea, Impotency, and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &0.l FEMALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women- Functional Ir regularities in Health awl Sickness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta tion—Use of the Speculum, and the securing of Healthy offspring. Also, No. 1. HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY; On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion, No. 2. _ _ LOVE AND MARRIAGE : ['heir Obliz,ations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love ind other Mathes. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off print; secured. No. 3. THE CASE BOOK : 100 Cases of SPE RIVIATORRHCEA, Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and Cure by Cauterisations, Gpiranigni, eze. To be had of Mann, 3i), Cornhill ; and the Authors. Advice to the Working' Classes, fee Half-a-Guinea. LIGHT AND HEARING.—SPECTACLES.— ). POWERFUL TELESCOPES.—OPERA, RACE, and PERSPECTIVE GLASSES. --r Messrs. S. and B. Sole mons, Opticians, 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Observe —opposite the York hotel, W.—Deafness. —N . ew Die covery.—The Organic Vibrator, an extraordinarily nower ful small newly-invented instrument for Deafness, ntirely different from all others, surpasses anything of the And that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not perceptible. It enables deaf persons to hear distinctly at church and at public assem blies ; the unpleasant sensation of singing noises in the ears Is entirely removed, and it affords all the assi s t ance th a t possibly could be desired. Also, every kind of hearing, in struments.—Spectacle Lenses of the greatest transparent power. The great advantage derived from this inven tion is, that vision becoming impaired is preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to em ploy their sight at the most minute occupation —can see with those lenses of a much less magnifying power, and they do not require the frequent changes to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Opera, Race-course, Field, and general Outdoor Day and Night Perspective Glasses, very small, for the waistcoat pocket, each containing 12 and 18 lenses, constructed of German glass. Will show distinctly persons to know them at two-and-a-half and three 'miles. and an object from eight to ten miles distant. Her Majesty's Coast Guards are making use of them as day and night glasses in preference to all others ; they are also preferred for deer stalking by sportsmen, gentlemen, and gamekeepers. Tele scopes 31 inches long, by which a person may be clearly seen and known at 3i miles, and an object at 12 to 14 miles dis tance ; and with an extra astronomical eye-piece, Jupiter's moon's, Saturn's rings, and the double stars are distinctly seen. All the above can be had of larger and all sizes, with increasing powers, and are secured by her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent. The Royal Exhibition, 1851. A valuable, newly-invented, very small, powerful Waisteoat-pocket Glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known one and a half mile distant. They an swer every purpose on the Race-course and at the Opera houses. Country scenery and ships are clearly seen at four to six miles. They are invaluable for shooting, deer stalking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Price 30s. Magic Lanterns and Microscopes —Drawing-room and Scientific Amusements—Valuable im provements in Compound Microscopes, To magnify 17,000 70,000, ~C 6 10s. !Prices from £1 Dissolving views, with improved t t o i times, _ 2 54..£ 311 ; e 3 Lanterns,s,ooo, .e 3 lOs ' German Lenses, giving a clear disc f rom 16 to 20 feet diameter. Every description of Optical, Mathematical, and Philosophi cal lnstrumeni sof the highest character. 39, Albemarle street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite the York Hotel, W. MEDICAL ADVICE. f R. LA'MERT, Registered L.S.A., Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, M.D. .A the University of Erlangen, &c., may he CONSULTED on all cases of Debility, Nervousness, and on the Secret In tirmities of Youth and Maturity, from Eleven till Two, and from Six till Eight, at his residence, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON Dr. La'Mert has just published; price Sixpence, with nu merous .Em. , ,rayimrs and eases, a New Edition of his Work, SE L F- PRESERVATION, which will be sent free, in a sealed envelope, by Mann, 39 Cornhill, London, or by the Author, for Eight stamps. CONTENTS. SECTION I.—The Physiology of the Generative Organs. SECTION IL—Puberty- -Manhood -The Morale of Genera ive Physiolo,o - y—True and False Morality. SECTION lll.—Marriage in its Moral, Social, and Physical Relations—lts Expectancies and Disappointments—Advan tages of Physical Contrasts in securing Healthy Offspring. 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My Lord,—l transmit to your Excellency here with copy of a despatch addressed by M. de Thou venel to the Comte de Persigny, wkich was placed in my hands by the latter on the 15th inst.* The Emperor of the French pledged himself, in his Imperial Majesty's speech to the Legislative Chambers, that he would submit the question of the annexation of Savoy and the county of Nice to France to the wisdom and equity of Europe ; and the accompanying despatch—communications simi- lar to which have, no doubt, been made-to the other great Powers—purports to have been written in redemption of that pledge. M. Thouvenel's despatch explains the reasons on account of which the Imperial Government makes claim to the cession of Savoy and Nice, and it states the principles upon which the French Government considers itself justified in making that claim. It is with great regret that her Majesty's Govern • ment feels obliged to say that they cannot admit the force of those reasons, and that they are unable to subscribe to the justice of those principles. M. Thouvenel adverts to the events of the last 12 months in support of his arguments. Her Majesty's Government would wish shortly to advert also to those events. The immediate cause of the war which broke out in Northern Italy in the spring of last year was the invasion of the Piedmontese territory by tho Alio trian army. The Emperor of the French marched a large force to the assistance and support of his ally, the King of Sardinia. The declarations which his Imperial Majesty, upon several occasions, made as to his intentions, and as to the objects of the war, led the Powers of Europe to believe that the war was undertaken without any view to acquisition of territory by France, and that its object was to restore Italy to herself, and to solve, in favour of Italy, th a t ques- tion which it was alleged the conduct of the Aus trian Government had brought to an issue, namely, whether Austria should have dominion up to tho foot of the Alps, or whether Italy should be free from the Mediterranean to the Adriatic. M. Thouvenel says that solemn acts, freely con cluded after a campaign which had been successful for the arms of France, are an irrefragable proof that the French Government had not for its object any territorial aggrandizement when it was led by the force of events to interfere in the affairs of Italy. But he adds that though the French Go vernment could not but foresee hypothetical circum stances in which disinterestedness would have to give way to prudence, the treaties of Villafranca and of Zurich entirely shut out such a contingency. This statement seems to explain the assurance given to your Excellency by Count Walewski in July, 1859, when the Count, being asked as to the truth of rumours:that, notwithstanding the declara tions and proclamations of the Emperor, there was a negotiation on foot for the cession of Savoy to France, asserted that, if such a scheme had ever been entertained, it had been then entirely aban doned. Her Majesty's Government are led to infer from M. Thouvenel's despatch that the hypothetical con tingency to which he alludes was the conquest of Venetia by France, and its transfer to Piedmont, and that in such case it had been contemplated that Savoy should be demanded by France ; but that. the agreement of Villafranca and the Treaty of Zurich having left to Austria the possession of Venetia, the idea of a cession of Savoy to France, which it now appears has been entertained, was given up, as stated by Count Walewski. M. Thouvenel, however, goes on to say that com binations in Central Italy, different from those which the French Government had fruitlessly la boured to bring about, compelled the French Go vernment to consider the injury which new arrange ments in Italy might carry with them to the in terests of France; and he proceeds to argue that when Sardinia, by acquisitions of territory in Cen tral Italy, was about to increase her population from 4,000,000 to three times that amount, it became ne cessary, for the security of France, that Savoy should be ceded to her, in order that she might have in her own hands the northern slopes of the Alps. The new danger to which M. Thouvenel alleges that France would thus be exposed would be inva sion from Sardinia alone, or from Sardinia acting as a member of a confederation of hostile Powers. But her Majesty's Government would beg to ob serve that to imagine that Sardinia, even with a population of 12,000,000, would ever think of in vading France with a population of 36,000,000, is to suppose that which amounts to a moral impos sibility. Sardinia, so augmented, will become a respectable State, capable of attaining a great de gree of internal prosperity, and sufficiently strong to defend herself against any other Italian Power; but that the French Empire, the first military Power of the Continent, with a vast, compact ter ritory, full of natural resources, and with a popula tion characteristically warlike, should be in danger of being attacked by her far weaker neighbour, is not in the nature of things. There are, besides, many political considerations which go to show that the tendency of Sardinia must always be to wards maintaining the most friendly relations with France. We may, then, at once dismiss the notion that France can require any other guarantee than her own inherent strength affords her against any attack from Sardinia, acting alone. But M. Thouvenel conceives that Sardinia might ' No, 1. be a member of a confederacy arrayed against France, and by having both sides of the Alps she might open the road for other Powers to make an invasion of the territory of France. Now, on this her Majesty's Government would observe that there never can be a confederacy orga nised against France unless it be for common de fence against aggressions on the part of France, and that, therefore, France has it at all times in her own power to prevent the formation of any such confederacy. There is no Power in Europe that does not wish to maintain friendly relations with France, and there is none that could hope to reap any advantage from a voluntary and unprovoked rupture with so powerful a State. But the chances of Sardinia. becoming an instru ment of such a confederacy have been diminished by the events of late years, and by the new arrange. ments of Northern and Central Italy. Till within the last 15 years the Government of Sardinia was swayed by the influence of Austria, and might have been supposed to be likely, in the event of a war between Austria and France, to give passage through Savoy to any Austrian force which might have wished to enter France in that direc tion ; but of late years Sardinia has broken away from her connexion with Austria, and has looked to France, and not in vain, for friendship and sup port. Sardinia, therefore, is less likely than ever willingly to givErinlisage to a hottile force wishing to enter France ; and it is obvious that Sardinia, increased in strength, while the Austrian frontier is thrown back to the Mincio, is less likely than when she was much weaker, and when the Aus trian frontier was on the Ticino, to yield on com pulsion that passage to Austrian troops which she would not concede of her own free will. We may consider, therefore, as groundless the apprehension that Sardinia, retaining possession of Savoy, might open a passage through that province into France to the troops of a hostile confederacy. It seems, then, to her Majesty's Government that the argument in favour of the annexation of Savoy to France, founded on the assumed insecurity of the French territory bordering upon Savoy, fulls to the ground when it comes to be fairly examined. M.Thouvenel says that this demand for the ces sion of Savoy to France ought not to give umbrage to any Power; that it is founded on a just balance of forces, and is especially pointed out by the nature of things, which has placed the French system of defence at the foot of the western slopes of the Alps. But her Majesty's Government must be allowed to remark that a demand for cession of a neighbour's territory made by a state so powerful as France, and whose former and not very remote policy of territorial aggrandisement brought countless cala mities upon Europe, cannot well fail to give nth brage to every State interested in the balance of power, and in the maintenance of the general peace. Nor can that umbrage be diminished by the grounds on which the claim is founded, be cause, if a great military Power like France is to demand the territory of a neighbour upon its own theory of what constitutes geographically its pro per system of defence, it is evident that no State could be secure from the aggressions of a more powerful neighbour; that might and not right would henceforward be the rule to determine territorial possession ; and that the integrity and independence of the smaller States of Europe would be placed in perpetual jeopardy. _ _ _ But M. Thouvenel points to historical precedents in support of the claim now made. Her Majesty's Government will not enter into an examination of what took place in regard to the suc cession to the throne of Spain, or in regard to the succession to the throne of Austria, because the titinsttetions of those periods have no practical ap plicability to the present state of E'uropean affairs ; but with regard to the later transaction to which M. Thouvenel adverts—viz., the arrangements of the treaty of 1814—her Majesty's Government would beg to observe that the arrangements of that treaty by no means bear out the claim now made by France, and that it cannot be with reference to the stipulations of the treaty of 1814 that the demand for the cession of Savoy and of the county of Nice can be termed by France a " revendication." It is to be observed, with regard to the term " re vendication," that it is stated that " la revendication a lieu lorsqu'on reclanie une chose a laquelle on pretend avoir droit." Now, the arrangements of the treaty of 1814 were of short duration, and, having been superseded by those of the treaty of 1815, they cannot be ap pealed to as the foundation of any right to be claimed by France. But the treaty of 1814 did not give either Savoy or the county of Nice to France. Article 111. of the treaty of 1814 did indeed leave to France a very small portion of Savoy ; but that portion was immediately contiguous to the French frontier, and was at a distance from the slopes of the Alps. The words of article 111. on this point were as follows : " In the department of Mont Blanc France ac quires the Sub-Prefecture of Chambery, with the exception of the cantons of PlTOpital, St. Pierre d'Albiguy, la, Rocette, and INlonttnelian ; and also the Sub-Prefecture of Annecy, with the exception of the portion of the canton of Faverges situated to the east of a line passing between Ourechaise and Marlens on the side of France, and Marthod and Ugine on the opposite side, and which afterwards follows the crest of the mountains as far as the frontier of the Canton of Thones. This line, to gether with the limit of the cantons before men tioned, shall, on this side, form the new frontier." It follows, therefore, from what is thus stated, that if France claims Savoy and Nice on the prin ciple of a " revendication"—th a t is to say, on the principle of claiming that which she has at any time had a right to—her claim cannot be founded on the treaty of 1814, but must go back to the time of the first French Empire ; and it is needless to point out what just alarm the whole of Europe must feel at a claim which, however limited in its present application, is susceptible of being extended to such vast and dangerous dimensions. M. Thouvenel, indeed, records the declaration spontaneously made by his Imperial Majesty on ascending the throne, that the governing rule of his relations with Europe would be respect for treaties concluded by preceding go vernments of France, and M. Thouvenel declares that this is a principle of conduct to which his Imperial 11Iajesty will always make it to himself a law t o rema i n faithful. The declaration referred to by M. Th ouvenel was no more than might hare been expected from the just :and enlightened Sovereign by whom it was made; and the assurance given by M. Th ouvene l that it will be strictly and inviolably observed must be gratifying to the allies of France and satisfactory to the whole of Europe. But M. Thouvenel alleges that the present is an exceptional ease, that changes which have taken place, and which are about to take place, in Italy involve changes in the territorial arrangements established by existing treaties, and that those treaty arrangements ought not to be al tered to the detriment of France. Her Majesty's Government think they have shown that no detriment or danger to France would be the result of the changes now in progress in Italy ; but there is a State in whose integrity and independence all Europe takes a deep interest, and whose integrity and independence France, among other Powers, has pledged herself by treaty to re spect and maintain, and that State would suffer the most serious detriment, and would be exposed to the most serious danger, by the propos e d t rans f er of Savoy from Sardinia to France. It is needless to say that this State is Switzerland. By the Treaties of Vienna of 1816 the Powers of Europe, France included, acknowledged and guar anteed the integrity and the perpetual neutrality of Switzerland, and as a security for that integrity and that neutrality it was stipulated that the pro vinces of Chablais and of Faucigny, and all that portion of Savoy which is north of Ugine shall form part of the neutrality of Switzerland, as acknow ledged and guaranteed by the contracting Powers, and it was further stipulated that, in consequence thereof, whenever the Powers, neighbours of Swit zerland, should be actually at war, or whenever there should be an imminent danger of war between them, the troops of the King of Sardinia, the Sovereign of Savoy, which may happen to be in those provinces shall retire therefrom, passing, if necessary, through the Valais, and that no armed troops of any other Power shall either traverse or be stationed in those provinces and territories, except such troops as the Swiss Confederation shall think proper to place therein. It is plain that these engagements about Savoy, to which France is a party, were intended as a se curity for Switzerland against danger coming from France; but what would become of that security if Savoy were annexed to France, and if the very Power against which this access to Switzerland has been barred should become the owner of the barrier thus erected for the protection of the Confederation P It is, indeed, implied in the despatch of M. Thouve nel that France, in taking Savoy, would accept also the engagements by which the King of Sardinia is bound, in regard to the neutralised portion of that country ; but it is no disparagement to France to say that neither Switzerland nor the Powers of Europe could consider such an arrangement as afford ing to the integrity and neutrality of the Swiss Confederation that security which the above-men tioned stipulations of the Treaty of Vienna are cal culated to afford; and her Majesty's Government contend that it is not competent for France and Sar dinia, by the compact between them, and without the consent of the other States of Europe, so mate rially to impair, as the proposed cession of Savoy would do, an element of security which a great European compact has provided for a State whose independence is an object of European concern. Nor can it be for the well-understood interest of France herself to break down the barriers by which the neutrality of Switzerland is secured. It must surely be acknowledged that the neutrality of Bel gium at tho northern and of Switzerland at the southern extremity of the eastern frontier of France is of advantage to her, as well as to Europe. The neutrality of those two States narrows the line of frontier along which hostilities between France and Germany can take place, and, adding to the secu rity of both, it tends to give stability to the gene ral peace. M. Thouvenel alleges that the proposed cession of Savoy and the county of Nice to France raises no question incompatible with the best esta blished and most rigorous rules of public law. He points to similarity of character, of language, of habits; to the geographical configuration, and to commercial intercourse, as having pre pared and adapted the people of those countries for annexation to France ; and he says that the Alps ought to be the line of separation between France and Italy, and that thus the new boundary which it is proposed to establish between France and Pied mont finds its sanction in the force of things. This statement, indeed, opens a wide field for conjecture as to the future, and though it is immediately fol lowed by the somewhat inconsistent assurance that it is not upon the ground of ideas of nationality, nor upon that of natural frontiers, that the cession of Savoy and of Nice is demanded, those arguments cannot fail to give rise to the most serious reflections. Her Majesty's Government, then, would beg to sub mit that no case has been made out to justify this cession on the ground of necessary defence for France, and that this cession would most un justly, and in violation of treaty engagements, materially weaken a defensive arrangement which united Europe has provided as a security for the neutrality and integrity of Switzerland. Great Britain has no direct interest of her own in this matter, and it is from no unfriendly feeling towards France that her remonstrances on this sub ject have proceeded. Her Majesty's Government, indeed, are deeply impressed with the conviction that any territorial advantage which France might gain by the proposed annexation would be far more than counterbalanced by the distrust with which it would inspire the other States end Powers of Europe. The calamities which overspread by turns almost every part of the continent of Europe during the closing years of the last and the early years of the present century are still fresh in the memory of mankind ; their renewal would, indeed, be a de plorable misfortune, and it cannot be surprising that 'the attention of nations and of their rulers should be directed, with anxious solicitude, to events which have a bearing both on the interests of the present and on the destinies of the future. Your Excellency will read and give a copy of this despatch to M. Thouvenel.—l am, &c., J. RUSSELL. The following is the latest despatch addressed to the Court by M. Thouvenel. Lord Cowley, how ever, sends a copy of the Treaty of Annexation, which we have already published. It will be seen that France accepts Savoy " with its engage ments" : (Translation.) Paris, March 26, 1860. M. le Comte,—l have the honour to transmit to you herewith copy of the despatch from Lord John Russell, which Earl Cowley has been instructed to communicate to me officially, and which contains the reply of the Government of her Britannic Ma jesty to the statement of the Government of the Emperor, concerning the annexation of Savoy and the arrondissement of Nice to France. I cannot but experience a very lively feeling of regret that I have not succeeded, as I desired, in modifying an opinion which was already known to me through the previous communication of the English ambassador ; but the prolongation of any discussion on this subject would have no practical result, and I prefer, rather than provoke a fresh exchange of explanations equally painful to both countries, to confine myself to asserting that Lord John Russell's despatch has not the character of a protest. In a word, the Government of her Bri tannic Majesty declares that it does not share the opinion of the Government of the Emperor ; but this divergence does not constitute an opposition of a nature to affect the relations of the Cabinets of Paris and London. I am sincerely pleased at this, M. le Comte ; and there are only two points in Lord John Russell's argument which I wish to examine summarily, so as to leave in the mind of her Britannic Majesty's principal Secretary of State neither a misunderstanding nor a doubt as to our intentions. I believed that I had established that the Emperor, in making use in his speech to the great bodies of the State of the word " rovendica- Lion," had never had an idea of referring to any diplomatic act, or to any circumstance of other times. The explanations which I have given on this subject to his Ma jesty's representatives at the German Courts have been everywhere considered as satisfac tory as possible, and I had requested you to transmit to Lord J. Russell a copy of the despatch which contains them. I renew these explanations to-day with the confidence that, on examining them closer, her Britannic Majesty's Government will not receive them less favourably than the Powers to whom they were more especially addressed. As for the neutrality of S witzerland, M. le Comte, which Lord J. Russell comiders to be menaced by the annexation of Savoy to the territory of the Em pire, I will content myself with remarking to you that France atte ches the greatest interest in pre serving it from s.ny injury. The Emperor's Govern ment, therefore., has not hesitated, in order to prove the sincerity of its disposition in this respect, to in- Bert in the treaty which it has just concluder at Turin a clause in these terms:— "It is understood that his Majesty the King of Sardinia cannot transfer the neutral portions of Savoy except on the conditions upon which he him self possesses them, and that it will appertain to his Majesty the Emperor of the French to come to an understanding on this subject, both with the Powers represented at the Congress of Vienna and with the Swiss Confederation, and to give them. the guarantees required by the stipulations referred to in this article." It appears to me that all apprehensions should disappear in face of this spontaneous engagement, and that henceforth her Britannic Majesty's Govern ment, certain of having an opportunity of discus sing the guarantees which shall, in pursuance of an European agreement, be judged to be best fitted to realise, in their relations with the permanent neutrality of Switzerland, the object of the stipula tions relative to the contingent neutralisation of a part of Savoy, has no reason to fear that this inte rest, the importance of which we have thus recog nised, will not be settled in a satisfactory manner. You are authorised to read this despatch to Lord John Russell, and to give him a copy of it. Receive, &c., (Signed) THOUVENEL, SOLEIL PROGRESS IS POLITICAL CHANGE. We have said that the new Reform Bill is a tre mendous measure. We have shown that the sta tistics on which it is founded are wholly fallacious, and that the increment in the electoral body may, in the boroughs alone, be nearer 600,000 than 200,000. The return which Lord J. Russell quotes to show the probable increase, is no answer to that question. It is that of the number of " male per sons resident within each Parlimentary borough in England and Wales assessed to the last poor-rate at £6 and under £10." The docu ment will not " show the number of electors which will be added to the register by the lower ing of the franchise from £lO to £6." There are two compounding acts in full operation in all those boroughs, which effectually shut out the light in re. ference to this inquiry. By the acts 59 Geo. 111., cap. 12, sec. 19, and the 13 and 14 Vic., cap. 99, the vestry of any parish may " declare and order that the owners of tenements in such parish the yearly rateable value whereof shall not exceed £2O, shall be rated and assessed . . . instead of the occu r piers." These acts then provide that a remission of rates not exceeding 50 per cent. shall be made from the charge on all such tenements. It will thus b seen that as enfranchisement applies to the ren value, while the latter act specifies the rateabl value, tenements rented quite as high as £9 will apr ;ler in the return as under £6, and that teneL ments rented as high as £3O may be rated and com indeed, pounded founder holdings 2 Therer ented ed at £1 a ai n streetsr a sum in Lon don of which are rated at £5. As, therefore, by force I o statute, the owners are to be rated and asse s s e d in ro o of the occupiers, to t enemen t s un d er £2O ra t ea bl e value, it is clear that an enormous number of occu piers eligible to be registered must have been omitted from a return w hi c h on l y g i ves the num b er! of occupiers rated. The notes to the return (b) (c) and (d) illustrates this. " Islington and Saint Luke's (they state) do not contain the number of persons occupying tenements rated to the owners." In Norwich, which has 5,498 electors, " 12,162 tene ments rated to the owners instead of the occupiers are not included in the return." In Hull, which has 5,526 electors, 11,021 tenements are omitted fol - - the same reason. The very identical omission ap plies to all the rest. There are tenements in Lon don yielding £5OO a year where the owner, who pays the rates and taxes, is alone assessed. The provision of the Reform and subsequent Acts (con tinued in the present bill), relating to payment of rates, requires that before the 20th of July the rates due up to Jan. 20 preceding should be paid. But the w.ords of the statute (s. 27) specify " all rates which shall have become payable from" the occupier. If, however, by force of statute, they have become payable from the owner instead " of the occupier," it is clear that payment of rates in compounded tenements is not a condition precedent to registration, The - se conditions are telling in Parliament. The r Bill hangs fire. A " count out" is imminent every time it becomes the " order of the day." The leader of the Opposition expresses in a significant and official tone his hope that the measure will be " withdrawn." Liberal members jib and boggle, walk where at first they weredisposed to gallop up to the fence, as a safe and easy leap, see the broad ditch of democracy on the other side, and, to COE tinue the sporting metaphor, take to " funking." Is that rational, above all, is it even safe—mustn't they take the leap, and will they not clear the fence easiest by " going at it with a will ?" Christianity is the root of true democracy. The infinite significancy of a human soul makes adven titious distinctions dwindle into nothing. We stand face to face with the poorest and the most abject, and see, after a l l, how little it is that separates two " poor forked animals "—and that " monarchs are but beggars' shadows." Is not this the secret of a Reform Bill now ? We are told that nobody wants it—we are assured that the ballot would not yield twenty votes in the House of Commons for it—then why is it here ? A Tory Government is committed to it—a Palmerston Ministry is dragged at its heels ; without agitation or excitement, turbulence or discontent, in the very zenith of universal pro sperity, peace, and order, organic change is at the door. What could do that but a great law in the natural history of society, that progress and civilisa tion are the ushers of democracy ? We are but wiser than the Bourbons—we learn something and forget something—yield to the inevitable, and are borne onward, in place of resisting what inexorably will be, to be overwhelmed by it. And what then ? After all, what is it we fear ? whom is it we dread ? Man, human nature, those among whom we live, who are in our families, our shops, and counting-houses, who are twenty to one of us, do all our work, navigate our ships, fight our battles, to whom we trust our lives on the rail, or a thousand miles from land. The Tories pledged their policy to an extension of the franchise, the Whigs have bound themselves to it hand and foot, the Commons have passed their word on every hust ings—nulla vestiyia retrorsunz. Indeed, the second follows as a necessary corollary from the first Re form Bill. Let us be ever so niggardly in our con cession now—it renders a further early extension of the franchise certtin—it gives power to a new class to strengthen that which enforces it now. Is it not wiser to do that at once, liberally, and radi cally, which will be extorted if not given ? "If it be now, 'tis not to come ; if it be not to come, it will be now; if it be not now, yet it will come; the readiness is all." To arrest the advanee of the many is really to call upon mankind to stand still. It is, indeed, to endorse the doctrine of the Southern planter, that a large portion of the race are incap able of improvement, totally unfit for self-control, are not to be entrusted with the function which the Deity has made the distinctive prerogative of the race—that of endless self-development into higher states of being. Let the question be grappled with. An intoler able blatant fool has said, " If the laws of political economy are against trades' unions, trades unions will be against political economy." Why, a pilot might just as well say that if a rock was against his ship, ho would run his ship against a rock. A mechanic is subject to all the necessities, the slave of the same inexorable laws, which dictate the policy and legislation of the rich ; he is the creature of the same logic, the subject of th e same f acts, an d the same conclusions. Give him his full swing of power, an ascendancy in the House of Commons, what can he make of it when all is done ? " Sell seven halfpenny loaves for a penny, make the three hooped pot have ten hoops, make it felony to drink s mall beer, and have all th e rea l m in. common He will find ?" out simply that the thing can't be done ; and that, if it could, it would be at the expense of his own order. While the press prints and the rail carries, and the tongue can wag in public meeting, and confusion ends in bankruptcy and no wages, what chance is there of that ? There is a rightful supremacy in common sense and common honesty, when they confront wrong headed fanaticism and hare-brained prejudice, which will a s certainly put them down in the House of Commons as an y where else. Indeed, it is just there where genius, wisdom, and knowledge will for the first time find it for their interest to meet face to face the crude ex travagance of Socialistic dreamers, that d emocracy w ill be most effectually disabused of its delusions. Are the masses the only social order who have taken unenlightened views of their own interests and other people's rights ? Who made the absurd laws against forestalling and regrating, usury, liberty of conscience, the export of machinery, the free transit of artisans from the realm? %Silo ag- 1 .2 "">,e1 1 -717777:7 ? ‘ . 4_1_,, 1 _4z-fii ? M" gravated our Draco- parish - beadlei':*Kynra ,- ,,..., ',‘,-X. and deprived even ignorant orpiriis,VP4Oiiirb."4l,-,- IVho made and encllktCd.-,:lithAVizit4: * ,rs. - ‘ 1 ,i,,,•) i Chance our system .of tenure ra-.,„nv0ric . ,....... - :,,' -,. realty ;-...... fobbed everybody tecnif-4. - .T., took hfaf the labourer', loaf to inerealkihis ftplojg -. ) -nt, protected .agriculture, ships, colonies, no against foreigners, but ourselves? Not working men. Who set trade free, and untaxed bread? - Not Parliament, but public opinion and the people. Strikes are stupidities, trades' unions are pernicious, the interference of ogganised bodies with the free bargains of masters and men is an unmitigated mischief. But are any of these absurdities worse than, or half so pernicious as, the crude vagaries of upper class legislation ? It is a remarkable and a most hopeful fact that there is not a trades' union in all America, and that there, as in France, the defiance of the laws of political economy proceeds chiefly from the educated and middle classes. Except in reference to expenditure, does our his 7 tory of the operation of the last RefOrm Bill dis murage us in going further in the same direction ? The prodigious development of enterpi ise, genius, discovery in science, above all trade, commerce, and wealth, which have resulted from giving freer scope to individual energy by the Act of 1832, is a guide not a beacon for 1860. 1)o we dread the fiscal legi slation of democracy ? Lavish expenditure is its vice—has been the blot upon the extended suffrage effected by the Reform Act. But partial and class taxation appears not to be the peculiar sin, to say the least, of numerical represent3tion. Our Colonies, with a suffrage more extended than it is proposed to make our own, raise their revenue in by far the largest measure by indirect taxation. The federal taxation of America is protective and indirect almost exclusively. Who, indeed, have imPOseil the income and assessed taxes of this country, but the only classes who pay them, and who have uni formly exempted those who are not directly re presented from any share of the burden. The municipal and State taxation of America is heavy, unequal,'and lavishly, as well as corruptly, ex pended. The population is a polyglot of Jxish, German, British, French, Italian, qualified yearly with foreign elements at once absorbed into the constituent voting body. A Babel of nations can not be expected to display homogeneous patriotism, or intelligent co-operation. But it ought not to be forgotten that our local and municipal affairs are and have been for 30 years regulated by household suffrage, and we do not find that it will sustain an unfavourable comparison with that of the State itself. The least defensible portion of the local expenditure is that over which the ratepayers have no control—which is supplied by them to be applied by the justices and grand jury without accounta bility to the persons assessed. Whatever be faults of democracy, thi s at least must be conceded as its distinguishing excellence, that it enables every man to find his level; that it looks, searches out, helps to rise into occupation and public usefulness every man, down to the lowest, who has in him any special faculty for the general service—puts a marshal's baton into the knapsack of every private. Its prejudices are not peculiar to its order—the shipowners, publicans, and other interests, fostered by protective privileges, are as tenacious of their fancied rights as the trades' unions. It is free from many Idola, many pet hobbies and delusions of statesmanship which have wofully misled our Legislature. It never would have produced the disasters of our united services in the Crimea—the fruit of mere nepotic incompe tency. It would long ere this have found out, as it has in our colonies and the American Republic, the worthlessness of 13gal verbiage, and the prac ticability of securing and transferring realty as simply as Consols. It would have codified the law, and revised it periodically, in place of leaving it groaning under the chronic nightmare of lazy Judges and thrifty barristers. It would long since have summarily solved the problem of Church rates, and discarded the State Church of Ireland, ignored by the Irish people. It would have re duced the fat benefices and rich sinecurism of the English Establishment to dimensions of practical utility, and its hierarchy to that responsibility to the people without which no public servant will rightly serve the public. It will open the honours of the State with equal frankness to all classes, and it will never tolerate unmerited pensions, State drones, and pay without work. Jt will have its vices as every form of human society has. A preferential balance of good is all that can be expected, all that philosophy isentitled to demand as the price of its concession. It is no mean recommendation of the policy which inaugu rates it that liberty and exaction can go no further than to get all the power that is possible ; when the million get all that is to be had, it is impossible for them to desire more than all that is to be had. That they will make blunders is only to say they will not be free from the frail fallibility which marks the predominance of every other class. But after all, with our laws, habits, and customs, our unbounded liberty of thought and action, our so cial and civil institutions, our local self government already in full operation, our right of meeting, bar unfettered press, how can public opinion very per manently err, and when it corrects itself, what can withstand it ? The true interest of the masses is the interest of the whole community. 'What use can they make of power for their own real good, which will not be for the good of all ?—Dispatch. LANDLORD AND TENANT. Mr. Wm. Gresham, a solicitor, of Castle-street, Holborn, and High Bailiff of Southwark, appeared before Mr. Alderman Humphery, at the Guildhall Police-court yesterday, to answer the following complaint : Mr. Wontner said he appeared on behalf of Miss Emma Johnson, the complainant, who was the daughter of the landlord of the house in which Mr. Gresham's offices were situated. The case was of a peculiar character, and he regretted that he shoul I be compelled to bring it before this Court, but the annoyance Mr. Johnson and his family suf fered at Mr. Gresham's hands was such that they had found it impossible to put up with it any longer. Mr. Gresham had occupied a set of chambers in Mr. Johnson's house since June last, but some time ago the family became considerably annoyed by what took place in the chambers after the clerks left of an evening, and Mr. Johnson accordingly remon strated with Mr. Gresham upon the impropriety of admitting females to the chambers after office hours, and from that time a system of annoyance had been continued to an intolerable extent. On Thursday last the servant told Miss Johnson that Mr. Gresham had been emptying chamber uten sils from his window into the yard, and scarcely crediting that such should be the case, Miss John son went into the yard to ascertain the fact, and, upon looking up at the window, she there saw Mr. Gresham, and heard him exclaim " Now then." At the same instant a man at his side empiied a scut tleful of cinders and ashes over her. Immediately afterwards Mr. Gresham shouted out " That's it, that's it," and closed the window. That the de fendant intended, by his conduct, to annoy the complainant, it was quite clear; and if the magis. trate was of opinion that the ashes were wilfully thrown over the complainant by direction of the defendant, then it amounted to a common a sault, for which he was amenable. Miss Emma Johnson deposed to the same effect, and the evidence of the servant of the house and others manifested the animus existing between the parties. Mr. Atkinson, for the defence, said that the act complained of was unintentional ; the fact was, that Mr. Johnson was a very acute man of busi ness, and wanting these premises for his own pur poses he was endeavouring by every means in hie power to drive Mr. Gresham out. Alderman litimphery—Would it not bo better for all parties that Mr. Gresham should go away If he is annoyed as you say, he is very foolish to stay. Mr. Atkinson—Mr. Gresham is a most respect able solicitor, and is well knownintr 21 years. heCity,hav ing resided in these very premises for Mr. Wontner—That was seven years ago, and before Mr. Johnson had the house. Mr. Atkinson said the evidence of the com plainant proved his case that Mr. G res h am was prohibited from taking the ashes to the proper place. Alderman llumphery said it was not material, as nothing could justify a wilful assault. Mr. Gresham—l declare most solemnly before God, if it is the last word I speak, that I did not see any one there. Alderman Humpherv—lt is a great pity that both parties could not arrange their difficulties. I think Mr. Gresham, like many other people, does that in a moment of irritation which he is sorry for afterwards, and I believe he regrets this matter now that he has had time for reflection. 1 can only foel that the ashes were thrown by Mr. Gresham's di recti3n, and that is an assault for which I must fine him 20s. Mr. Atkinson was sorry the worthy alderman had, taken that view of the case, as it afforded a tri umph to the other party which would only tend. to embitter the quarrel between them more than ever. Alderman Humphery—Why does Mr. Gresham stay there ? 1 would leave if I did not find myself comfortable, were I in his place. Mr, Wontner—We only want him to leave our prcknises, and if he will go at once we will forgive him the quarter's rent. Mr. Atkinson was about to reply, when Mr. Gresham said he would not abate a in ;10 day of his notice. 'the fine was paid. 0