The Sun. — London, England, 1859-06-03 00:00:00

WHAT ABE WE WAITING FOB? Under the above heading the Allgemeine Zeitung (Augsburg Gazette) pubhshes the following, as written from Northern Germany in May : " The urgency that Germany must join the -war against France with her whole strength, that Aus tria must not be left isolated—that is to say, in the larch—this unavoidable necessity has been so often and so clearly put in your columns—the conviction of this necessity has been so unmistakeably recog nised in every part of Germany—that it would be Carrying water to the sea if we were to advance additional grounds—were we to wish to look upon the question in any other light than as a question of time, as one of the proper moment for Germany to draw the sword. " We are prepared to do so at a moment's notice. Germany is ready as far as is requisite ; the enemy is not. We possess a good line of fortresses from Radstadt to the - Wesel ; each of these fortresses is capable of containing an entrenched camp or power ful army, of protecting it or advancing it. Each of , these fortresses is fully provided with everything. The enemy has nothing of the kind to oppose to us. We also possess an overwhelming force for the at tack. Already two German corps d'armee-250,00 0 men from the Middle Rhine, 250,000 men from the Upper Rhine—could invade France and march on Paris. In France there remain scarcely more than 350,000 fighting men ; these men must keep down revolution in the towns, and defend a frontier 100 miles in extent. It is clear they could only bring an inferior force ag ainst each German army. Shou ld they attempt it thy would infallibly be beaten, for they have no Napoleon I. to encourage them by his startling movements. In a very short time the de cisive action would take place under the walls of Paris. It is true the French capital is admirably fortified, but it has not a s ufficient garrison to de fend every point, an d, once entered, Paris must capitulate. We do not take into account the moral depression which would be c aused among the French people by t he retreat o f their armies, and the assistance that would be given by those who are sworn enemies of the Napoleonic despotism. B u t we are told, our coasts—our unprotected coas ts, and the mighty French fleet ! We reply.— a determined invasion of France, a well-directed blow that will be felt in Paris, that is the best pro tection of our coasts. To attack our coasts a land army is necessary, and they have not a man to spare. Moreover, our coasts are by no means so unprotected; they are protested by nature and art, and batteries are erected on all places open to a landing. Let us call to mind the fight at Eckern fords and the facility with which Russia defended her long length of coast in the Baltic against the combined fleets of France and England. But our ships—our poor ships—on the high seas. Will not the French cruisers capture them all ? No. So far we learn our shipowners are on their guard; at the worst, the news of the declaration of war will be conveyed by steamers as fast as any French cruis ers. Our ships will make for safe ports. England is close at hand. Some loss must, of course, be in curred. But the sooner the uncertainty which now weighs upon trade and commerce is at an end the lesser will be the loss. " The right to make an immediate attack upon Frane is ours ; never can we claim a better one. The Emperor of the French has in distinct mani festoes announced his breach of the treaties upon which peace and order are founded. He is the aggressor, the peace-breaker whom we must bring to reason. He did not succeed, even for a day, in making the press in England or Russia believe that Austria was responsible for the war. Taunted till she could no longer stand it, deserters from her army formed into free companies under her very nose, Austria only anticipated the attack by a few weeks and selected her ground in the enemy's country. Moreover, the German Confederation is already de facto at war with France. Are not Trieste merchants and shipowners German citizens, and are not their ships German property ? And have not Trieste ships been captured by French cruisers ? Shall we, then, wait until some German city has been bombarded ? Surely, France has given us provocation enough to prompt us to self-defence. " Finally, the object of our struggle is clear and plain before us. We advance on Paris to upset Na poleon, to deliver the world from a nightmare which has too long already oppressed its chest, to destroy a system wich is a plague to morality, right, and civilization. The reward for our sacri fices and labours can be no other than Alsace and Lorraine (Lothringen). The broad wedge west of the line of Luxembourg by Metz and Nancy to Basel, that fatal wedge which strikes so deep into the German territory, which so long has offended every eye in Germany on the map ofEurope, mast haul: down the French flag. Napoleon overthrown and Alsace and Lorraine restored to us, that alone is our object, that concerns us more especially. What, then, becomes of France ? What system of crovernment she chooses to adopt is her own busi ness ; the nation which has twice submitted to Na poleonic despotism, let it decide its own fate; but we must provide against a third Napoleonic con fusion. " If, then, the necessity of taking the field against France is clear, if we are already fully prepared to strike, when we have right on our side, when our object lies plain before us, what are we waiting for ? Why does the sword still remain in the scabbard ?' Why drown the shrill blast of the war trumpet, which will vibrate throughout Germany as the call of health and strength ? It is, perhaps, Fear of Russia,' and to be more sure of the aid of England ! Now, this is the very point which ought to urge us not to delay one moment longer, but to take a great decision, and with all our strength go straight to the goal. " England and Russia have not yet quite made up their minds; their inclinations are evident, but they still hesitate to join in a general war. A great event, a mighty fact,which would resound through out Europe, wo u ld b r i ng th em t o a d ec i s i on . Let us give that mighty fact ! Its success, in both directions, cannot fail to be to our advantage. A de claration of war by the whole of Germany against France will infallibly bring England to our side as an ally, and awe Russia into quiet. " The English people entertain a covert hatred and anger against Napoleonic France, but it is not the less strong for that ; it simply smoulders, and would soon be fanned into a flame. England has already put up with too many insults, has too long been chafing at the friendly chain of France; and Cherbourg is a thorn in her side. This feeling shows itself plainly enough in England just now in the sudden change in the language of the press, in the preparations of defence she is making. But nobles and citizens are both averse from a great war ; they h ave h a d war an d expen dit ure enoug h lately. Moreover, they are greatly occupied with a great question of Government reform, which has long waited a solution and this question divides the peopl e into factio ns. All this, unhappily, is true. Nevertheless, all these obstacles and reasons will fall into the background hen suddenly a g ' reat fact—the great fact stand s before the clear intellect of the English people— G erma ny middy, th e marching on Paris. Then the smallest e t t h e e ra h ri Mathes man in the Cabinet,will be aware t hat ne S' struck to do away for once and ever with a prepon derating French fleet, Cherbourg , and the fear of invasion. Let Germany declare he rself, b let her decla ration be followed immediately by action, and then, when the Queen of England makesher Speech from the Throne on the 7th of June we shall have nothing to fear from a Russell-Palmerston Ministry. " lint Russia! Will she not crush us with her armies ? Has she not already a secret treaty with France, and shall we be mad enough to enter into a war at once with France and Russia ? We think such madness would contain no small sprinkling of sound common sense. The last war has given us a correct idea of the capabilities of Russia. She moves heavily, and it takes her many months to bring an imposing force into the field. Before the powerful Russian columns could reach the German frontier we should have finished with Paris, and that news would considerably delay the advance of the Russian army, if it did not stop it altogether. And, suppos ing even that Russia had already all her available troops ready for action—that we were compelled to wage war on our west as well as upon our eastern frontier—would that really be so terrible a matter ? Let us reckon up accurately how many thousand fighting men Russia has been able to assemble at or cross her frontier with, since 1812. The amount does not exceed 150,000 or 200.000. Let us, on the other hand, sum up what Prussia, Austria, and the rest of Germany (actually prepared for war), can bring at once into the field, not to speak of reserves, and we have a sum total of 1,500,000 men and more than 2,500 pieces of artillery. This force will surely suffice to wage an offensive war against France and a defensive war against Russia. "We do not, however, suppose that things are so= dangerous as we have put them. A sudden and e Na n . ergetic war again s t F rance w ill s hi e ld us f rom a With Russia. The Cabinet of St. Petersburg has, it is true—at least we arc willing to admit so mu tered into s o m e agreemen t w ith th e . Cabin e t of the , c nu a 's ? Tuileries h os til e t o G erman y. W e can already trace the sympt oms o f suc h an under standing. R ussia is t o k eep t h e power of Germany in check, that it ray-o not take part in the war agai ns t t France, and thi s is b e don e by th e concen t ra ti on of armies of observati on on our frontier, and by in direct menaces. W need e not fear those threats. Russia might feel inclined, but cannot go to war. Important reasons, like heavy chains shackle her m warlike movements. Only ar ' , lust her will and better sense, only gradually by the course of events could I?.ussia be induced to exert all her strengt h against the foreigner. A general rising of all a er _ Many, a battle gained over the French, perhaps piece: of ne ws even t'ae capture of Paris — such a would make Russia waver in her warlike prepara- . 1 tions. Russia is still but feebly armed. She has been shaken to her very centre by the consequences of the late war, and the Russians are not ea°er for new experiences of such a nature. Morally and physically Russia still sufftrs from the effects of the last war. Russia is, moreover, engrossed with internal reforms. The emancipation of the serfs is a vital question, and a call to arms by a levy of , new conscripts would create intense alarm among the peasantry. The consequences might be terrible. " Thus, with all possible hatred of Austria, with every sympathy with Bonapartist views and plans, men in Russia are by no means eager for war, especially against Prussia and Germany, of whose warlike deeds traditions are still extant among the Russian people, which are in fact flattering to us. "The St. Petersburg Cabinet is well aware of its weak point. It has calculated the cost of war. Had it not done so the Russian wolf would long since have shown its teeth to Austria, for it is not every day that such an opportunity offers itself. We may consequently reckon that the more Russia feels her impotency, the more violent will she be in her threats and menaces. We must let her amuse her self in her own way, and not allow ourselves to be alarmed even for one moment. "To resume. A declaration of war by Germany against France will assure to us more speedily the support of England, and more assuredly still keep Russia within bounds. If we falter, there will be f a lt e ring on the Thames and on the Neva. If we , delay for weeks and months, we cannot foresee what f ivents may not for a time impede the action of Eng land, and what obligations Russia may not enter into, counting upon our disunion and inactivity. But is it England and Russia alone which we are to take into consideration ? Does not a more ter rible danger raise its threatening head ? Can we doubt the existence of deep-laid plots to revolutionise Europe ? Can we not already see the batteries that are to fire the train in all the lands that surround the German frontier ? Shall we wait till Posen and Hungary are up in arms , for a cause as hopeless as the former ones, but which will occupy a certain portion of our troops ? Shall we wait till the Danish water rat gnaws at Prussia, till the Montenegrin jackalls snap at the heels of Austria ? And are not the comrades of Fazy and Vogt, on the alert in Switzerland? And even among ourselves do net French pamphlets and French gold work their way? _ _ 1;'To ; let us be doing ! On to Paris ! Let us stamp out there the flame that threatens to set Europe in a blaze! And by one blow we shall put an end to terror and disorder. The wide-spun plan, to sur round us with a chain of revolutionised populations, rests upon an under valuation of German powerand unity ; let us show that the calculation is wrong. One single, well-aimed, powerful blow from the sword of Germany, and all the small revolutionary States will bend their heads, and a healthy air will again blow over Europe. " But, perhaps, our diplomacy has special reasons that we should remain for a time passive spectators of the struggle in Italy. Napoleon must reckon upon this German hesitation ; for it is quite clear that he delayed his departure to Italy until he felt quite sure that for the moment he had not to fear an attack from the Rhine. Had he not felt sure on this point his departure from Paris could only be regarded as a piece of folly or of fatalist belief in his star, or France be supposed to be fully prepared to meet a G9rman invasion, which we have good reason to believe is not the case. We will not, however, at present ask what respite is given to him, on what date the Confederation will go to war. We fear this delay bodes no good. We shall simply point out the consequences of any further delay. " We are now unanimous, and we trust to remain so. But the longer we wait the greater the danger for this unity. We are still young and inexperi enced in this sweet concord, while we are old and experienced in disunion and discord. Our enemies are well acquainted with all the sources of our dis union, and they will lose no pains to stir them up. They will do their best in this respect. " But let us turn to other considerations. The first consequence of the war in Italy, if it continues without Germany deciding it by marching on Paris, is that France will call for more troops to cross the Alps. France would then be still more deprived of troops, and more open to attack. But this gain will be fully counterbalanced by the result of in creased preparations in France and Russia, by the explosion of revolutions which will have had time to mature along the line of the Danube and our Eastern frontier. And we must not forget that if France draws fresh troops •to Italy, Austria will also want them ; so many the less for our attacking columns. The more bloody and obstinate the struggle in Italy becomes, in a similar ratio these results rise. In a war with France we should not be so well off as we are at this present moment. " But how, then, if, contrary, to expectation, the Italian war should soon be decided, by two or three great battles, want of money on either side, or by unforeseen circumstances ? Suppose Napoleon remains the victor—and he would be this if Austria conceded to him the smallest strip of land; French pride and revolutionary triumph would rise like a swollen river, and war on the Rhine would soon follow. Austria would then be hard pressed, and would have to exert her remaining strength on the Danube and eastwards. The supposition that she would leave the palm of victory to her foe in - Italy, unless reduced to a last extremity, which would humiliate her morally more than materially, can only be entertained by those who believe only in Austria's weakness and perfidy. And, should they have calculated rightly, truly they have drawn the worst lot for Germany. "If, on the other hand, the Austrians should be victorious over their enemies in Italy, and drive them from the valley of the Po across the Alps, which is not impossible, what then ? Our peace mongers and vacillators imagine they will then be spared the sacrifices and the cares of war, as the defeat in Italy would imply the fall of Napoleon. It might be possible that a rising , would destroy the power of the vanquished Napoleon •, but it is just as possible that the French would not be ready for the work—let us only glance at the last ten years ; and it is also possible that their patriotic feelings and reason might drown their hatred of the despot, and urge them to redeem their losses in Italy on the banks of the Rhine. In either case, let us;imagine how, victorious, but by the hesitation of Germany much offended, Austria would act. Truly, however, the die might be cast, Germany would not be bettered, and Gotha plans would dry up as quickly as rain drops on the roof with the sun's rays upon them. "If we wish to give Frenchmen a wholesome warning—to bring into play their hatred of Napo leonic despotism, we must do it now ; we must at once prepare for battle. There is no doubt of it, their national pride will at first display itself in cries of opposition, but that opposition will soon fall to the ground before the mighty, unavoidable, ever-nearer-approaching danger. We shall then put to the test how much is true of those fables told of the irresistible power of the anger of the French people, before which the first coalition is said to have retreated. " What are we, then, waiting for ? We can never stand better than we do now opposed to France ! Every week's delay can only damage our position, our views, our right to attack. Where fore, then, do ye wait ? Whether Napoleon is victorious or falls.in the Italian war shall w 9 not seize upon the finest opportunity, which will never present itself again, to reconquer what France de spoiled Germany of in the most shameful manner ? fro :Let t:er. uS take a free, great-hearted decision—we should drive b ac k ever y enemy front the German Let us go joyously to battle, and the victory will be ours ; and when peace is restored we will settle our internal affairs, and Germany will assume once more that position as a Power which it once possessed, and which the future now places within its grip; CRIME IN FRANCE. The Tribunal of C° l reca Police of Dieppe, three days ago, tried a man named Leroy for " usurpation of functions," and for swindling. In the evening of th e B t h April he went to th e mayor . of Biville-sur-Mer, and representing himself to be a commissary of police of Paris, on a secret mission from the Government, rebuked him for not having the official llloniteur des Communes stuck up in the village, and for allowing three cafés to exist when two were sufficient ; he also told him that the keepers of one of the cafes, two sisters, named hue, had violated the police regulations by sup plying him with a small glass of brandy after ten o'clock at night. The mayor, being somewhat alarmed, invited him to breakfast, took him to the café of the two women, and in his presence blamed them for violating the regulations, and introduced him to the keeper of another cafe, from whom he consented to accept a dinner and a bed. The next day he went to the females and said that though it was he himself who had taken the brandy after ten o'clock at night, and though they had only given it because he had repre sented himself to be ill, he was under the painful necessity of having each of them condemned to three months' imprisonment and 150 f. fine at the least. The poor women wept and implored pardon, and he after a while graciously promised to abandon his complaint provided they would take an oath on a crucifix never again to sell brandy at irregular hours. Being pious women, they refused to comply with that condition, and after some discussion he consented to accept 20f. instead. He then went away, but some of their neighbours hearing of what had taken place had the sot disant commissary of police pursued and captured. The tribunal con demned the man to fifteen months' imprisonment and 50f. fine. SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MINE 3, 1859. ~..4,L.,„.„,.. OODS.7IED IN TIME OF PEACE. (From the X clectic Review.) It has been beautiftilly said by Chateaubriand, " The earth drinks In silence the blood of battle fields, but petteefra blood spouts groaning towards heaven. God 'receives and avenges it" If so, a fearful reckoning is yet in store for the Heine of Hapsburg.. General Pietro Colette tells us that, during thirty years, "100,000 Neapolitans have perished by every oynllthe,andkind6e rtt m att e rs ro srao o t hfh f kaAeiv d neul e dea t h in August, fsnllBuittr4athi little atly n a ieaumus date aet in ues f tther os. politicaltGr ioßavieei Between nw r l e r t e a e d ne l 8, of .Atil t a h n e , a t u rr tmhpoh2a2ndt Augustreturn o o f f th th e e fo A llo us w t i r u i g an y s ea t r o , the official records show a total of 981 capital sentences, regularly pronounced and executed against Lombardo -Venetians. In the autumn of 1848 the steward of Councillor Rampini and his eldest son were shot at Milan, while the younger son, being under age, and not being convicted of any crime, was beaten to death with sticks. In October of the same year three Milanese were shot !'or having responded to the provocations of three Hungarian soldiers disguised as police. The Abbe Pulcina was shot at Brescia about the same time, and another priest at Mantua, merely for having expressed liberal opinions. • To have a weapon of any kind in the house or on the person was certain death. At Brescia a butcher was sent for outside the town to kill an ox, and went, bearing along with him the implements of his trade—a mace, knife, &c. On his return he was arrested by the patrol, and, in spite of his protestations that he was a butcher, and that there was no order against but chers carrying their implements along with them, was fortwith tried, condemned, and shot. At Lodi, 28th February, 1849, a native of the place was beaten to death for having allowed some insulting expressions to escape him when maltreated by an Austrian officer. But the most disgraceful and flagrant instance of tyranny remains to be recorded. On the 18th August, 1849, the anniversary of the birth of the late Emperor, which was kept with great pomp by the Austrians in Milan, a courtesan named Oliver]. had attached to the balcony of her house an Austrian flag. This house was m one of the most frequented streets of Milan, opposite the Cafe del Mazza, and the crowd hissed in passing it ; upon which several patrols and a number of officers, who had apparently been lurkinr , in the neighbourhood, instantly rushed to the , spot. seized indiscriminately on the passers by, and carried them off to the castle, where a mili tary tribunal was quickly assembled, which first released the foreigners and public functionaries, and then proceeded to try the rest of the crowd of prisoners, all, be it observed, Italians. They , were speedily condemned, seventeen to the bastinado, from twenty-five to fifty strokes each, and three to various periods of imprisonment in irons. Among the former class were an advocate, a painter, two landed proprietors, and two students, and Ernesta Galli of Cremona, and Maria Conti, of Florence, both opera singers, the first twenty and the second eighteen years old. They were sentenced, the former to forty strokes of the stick, and the latter to thirty. All the sentences were immediately exe cuted in public, in the open air in the court of the castle, the Austrian officers looking on and laughing the while. The punishments were carried out to the letter; all the sufferers were severely injured, and the two poor girls especially were a long time before they recovered from the effects of Austrian brutality. The military commandant of Milan subsequently sent in an account of 191 francs to the municipality " for the expense of ice" (applied to the mangled flesh of the victims in order to pre vent gangrene) " and of rods used and broken in the punishment of the seditious of the •18th of August." Finally, the marshal ordered the town of Milan to indemnify the courtesan Olivari by a gift of 30,000 livres. The melancholy necrology of this gloomy chapter of judicial murders and use of power is closed by our author with the case of the Count Montanari, and five of his relations, accused, as usual, of conspiring with Mazzini, and summarily condemned to be shot. Moved apparently by the frantic entreaties of the wives of these unfortunates, Marshal Radetzky promised " that not a drop of blood should be shed." He kept his word by hang ing the whole of them. The Austrians have sedulously endeavoured, especially since 1848, to set the rich and poor among the Lombards at enmity, and thus prevent that union which might render them dangerous. When, in March, 1849, the French minister at Turin went to the camp of the victorious Radetzky to solicit a change of system towards Lombardy, and the proclamation of a general amnesty, Ge neral Hess, the chief of the staff, thus answered him—" Never ! It would not be con.- formable to Austrian politics to pardon rebel sub jects ; their punishment ought to be not death but misery. The people love us ; the nobles, the rich proprietors, detest us; they must then be annihi lated." With regard to the paramount influence of Aus tria in the affairs of the whole Italian peninsula, there can be but littlo doubt, and as little of her disposition to interfere with an armed hand on the slightest and most trivial pretexts. At the smallest semblance of political liberation she at once steps in, superseding in the most nonchalant and inso lent way the sovereigns of the country; hangs, shoots, flogs, and exiles, at her pleasure, occupies places of strength, and levies forced contributions, until she has reduced everything to the state of passive and unreasoning obedience most approved of by her "paternal government." Her conduct in Tuscany on the restoration of the Grand Duke ; the sack of Leghorn, in the summer of 1849, by the troops of Gen. Astre ; the judicial tortures and murders at Ferrara and Bologna, in 1853.4, by the Austrian military tribunals, and many other cases which might easily be cited, furnish most convincing proofs both of the extent of her power,- and of its withering influence upon political free dom and intellectual progress. 711 E IRO X TRADE. (From the Wolverhampton Chronicle.) There has been no marked improvement in the position of the iron trade since our last report. The demand from America and the continent continues to be very limited, but the demand for home purposes is rather buoyant so far as relates to first-class iron, and though the leading members of the trade have not a large amount of orders upon their books, suf ficient are daily coming in to keep their works in fair operation. The ultimate effect the war in Italy will produce upon commerce cannot very readily be fore told. It cannot be questioned that up to the present time it has operated unfavourably. Some of the large foundries in the district are short of orders, and in small castings there is little business doing. Consumers of merchant iron at home are still order ing rather sparingly, probably in the belief that prices must go lower, but there is no probability of this, as it is a somewhat remarkable fact that the manufacturing trades using by far the largest quantity of finished iron have been the busiest all through the season—busy even when trade gen ex ally has been reported as slack. What the condition of the trade may be in a few months hence it is impossible to conjecture, predictions having so far this year failed to be realised. It is an acknow ledged fact that both at home and abroad there is a bareness of itores of all kinds of Staffordshire iron, which leads some to suppose that orders cannot longer be withheld, whatever turn affairs upon the continent may take. The coal trade is rather brisk, arising in a great measure from the large quantities being sent to various parts of the kingdom by rail. Gubbin and white ironstone, the yeld of the district, is realising from 16s. to 17s. per ton, according to quality. Arrangements have been made for Messrs. Crcsswell to go on for the present under inspection. Their first meeting under the arrangement clauses of the Bankruptcy Act will take place on the 4th of July, when it is stated an opposition will be offered. Whether, however,it will be of a sufficient nature to bring their works to a standstill remains to be seen, considerable sympathy having been manifested for them by many of their creditors. In the South Wales district the demand for iron is steady, and railway descriptions arc disposed of without difficulty. For home consumption a good deal has been lately sold, while orders from abroad have not been scanty. Complaints are, however, made in many parts of the district of slackness. The continuance of the impression which existed last week that coal would be considered contraband of war has tended to depress the market to a consider able extent. At Newport the docks are by no means full. At Cardiff a more satisfactory state of affairs exists, and at Swansea considerable activity pre vails. The coal trade there is quite brisk. It is anticipated that the new docks will be opened in July next, when much better accommodation for , vessels will be providede than t heretofore. of th Lancashire, and Yorkshire, nowing The position t i o n l t te e rb w y a s r li l i i i k v e , state of affairs on the continent, is dull and inactive, and orders, whether for ho me censumptionr or for exportation, are limited to immediate requirements. Trade in Lancashire particularly is very ;in the Yorkshire district, where sever a l fi rms are ex tensivelyi a slighetnlis y gaged in the manuf ac t ure o f ra il s,t h ere better trade, tho ug h muc h want of confidence manifested in bu siness c i rc l es. The regular ly which supp. enable The them to keep coal trade is dull e xce p t at a few large firms having extensive dontraucp a m ts with . gasworks, ore regu Yorkshire coalowners have made a determined stand against the coal trading system adopted by the Great Northern Railway. THE MURDER AND S q I;CIDE IN GALWAY.' The intelligence of the death of Mr. Richard Burke, of Ballinamore, and of Captain R. Thomas Wrench was but too correct. and the painful in terest which the knowledge of the tragic event created in the first instance - has been increased im measurably by the facts that have transpired since the .discovery of the bodies, showing almost con clusirely that Mr. Burke met his death at the hands of Captain Ffrench, and that the latter subse quently destroyed himself. The inquests on the bodied of the ill-fated gentlemen were held by Mr. J. M , Doncn.tgh, coroner. The first inquiry was as to the death of Mr. Burke, which occurred at Ballinamore. The second, as to the death of Capt. Ffrench, was held at Clonbrock, about three miles from the spot where Mr. Burke, was slain. From the evidence given at the inquest, and from other sources of iliformationf we are enabled to supply the subjoined narrative :—" Capt. Ffrench, it appears, was seen in Dublin on the afternoon of Monday, at 5 o'clock. He arrived at his lodgings, 59, Dawson street, with his wife, to whom he was only two months married. They had only recently come from Loudon, where they spent the honeymoon. He left his lodgings, stating to Mrs. Ffrench he would go to Mitchell's to get a cigar and a glass of soda water. He did go to Mitchell's and there drank a glass of brandy with the soda water. This was between five and six o'clock. The Hon. Martin Ffrench, his father, was stopping at the hotel at Malahide, and it is stated that Captain Ffrench, when leaving Mitchell's, asked it he would be in time for the train to that place. He went away, but not to return to Dawson-street, nor yet to pro ceed to Malahide, for his wife and other friends saw no more of him ; and Mrs. Ffrench, being alarmed at his absence, searched for him in various quarters of the city. He must have proceeded direct to- Ballinasloe by train, for at 11 o'clock that night he got out of the mail train at the Ballinas loe station, which leaves no doubt that he left Dublin at a quarter past seven on Monday evening. From Ballinasloe he went on a jaunting car with two gentlemen, Mr. Cruice and Mr. Lennon, to the village of Ahascragh, distant about six miles, where he arrived about one o'clock on Tuesday morning. At this place he hired a car for himself, and, unaccompanied save by the driver, proceeded to the village of Ballygar, which is within two miles of his father's estate. He applied unsuccessfully for admission to the hotel at Bal lygar, and then directed the driver to go to St. Brandon's, one of the residences of the Ffrench family, in the occupation of the deceased Mr. Burke,.who, it had been arranged, was to re move from it, as it was intended to be the residence of Captain Ffrench and his bride. The car reached St. Brandon's at 3 o'clock in the morning. It being then daylight, Captain Ffrench, having knocked at the door, was informed by Mr. Burke's steward that his master was at Ballinamore, three miles distant, and intended to go that morning to Balli nasloe. Captain Ffrench then entered the house, called for writing materials, and, having got them, wrote a note couched in the kindest terms to Mr. Burke, desiring him to come to St. Brandon's at once, as he wished to see him on important busi ness. Mr. Burke received the note and, without delay, hastened to St. Brandon's. When the par ties met, their greeting, as described by the car driver, Rochford, was most cordial. It should be stated that Mr. Burke was the land-agent of the Hon. Martin Ffrench, whose confideme he enjoyed. He was also, it is said, regarded with affection by the deceased Capt. Ffrench. After a brief interview Mr. Burke and Captain Ffrench journeyed tcgether on the car to Killyan, the resi dence of Mr. Michael Cheevers, J.P., the captain stating that he had business with that gentleman. On arriving at Killyan, Captain Ffrench got off the car and inquired for Mr. Cheevers, but was un able to see him. The captain said it was of no con sequence, as he would write him a few lines, and then rejoined Mr. Burke on the car, and directed the driver to proceed to Ballinamore-park, the seat of the Hon. Martin Ffrench. They arrived at the park, it is supposed, shortly before 11 o'clock. Hav ing discharged the car they went on foot together through the plantation towards the garden. From the moment they entered the plantation all certain knowledge of their movements ends, but the dread ful catastrophe that followed is elucidated by the subsequent discoveries. It was known in. the vil lage of Ballinamore during the afternoon, that Cap tain Ffrench and Mr.° Burke had come there that morning on a car, and that they alighted at the gate entrance to tke park, on the high road, to pro ceed through the grounds. A good deal of surprise was manifested by gentlemen who heard this at the prolonged absence of the parties. At 5 o'clock in the evening, Madden, the gamekeeper of the Hon. Martin Ffrench, while passing through the planta= tion, discovered the dead body of Mr. Burke lying face on the ground, pierced by two bullets, one of which had entered on the left side, and passed through the breast ; the other through the centre of the back. Where this bullet entered the coat was singed, indicating that the muzzle of the pistol was close to the perso,n of the deceased when the dis charge took place. The alarm was at once given, and the authorities hastened to the spot. Inquiries were made for Captain Ffrench, but he could not be found. The scene now changes to Clonbrock demesne, four miles distant from Ballinamore. The demesne is thickly wooded, and bounded on one side by an extensive bog, at present studded by a number of turf clamps. One of Lord Clonbrock's labourers with his gamekeepers was on the bog between one and two o'clock in the afternoon, and they saw at some distance from them the figure of a man moving in an ex cited manner among turf clumps. They were unable from the distance to recognise him, but he appeared to be a gentleman. They soon lost sight of the figure. At 2 o'clock, or shortly afterwards, the labourer heard the report of fire-arms, but felt no surprise, as he thought the gamekeeper was firing. This labourer, whose name is John Crehon, left off work at 7 o'clock in the evening, and proceeded homeward. His way was near to the place where the figure was seen in the early part of the day. He had not gone more than 100 yards or so when he ob served a man lying asleep, as he conceived, against one of the turf heaps. He recognised him as the person he had previously seen on the bog, but as he approached nearer his attention was attracted to a pistol which lay on the ground near the body. Alarmed at this, Crehon ran away. He met another labourer and gamekeeper, to whom he communi cated what he saw. The three men returned to the body ; they were struck with horror at finding that it was the corpse of Captain Ffrench, whose person they knew; blood was oozing from the mouth, but at first they could see no marks of violence on the body. On closer examination they found a bullet wound on the left breast. Captain Ffrench must have opened his waistcoat and fired the pistol close to his breast. The body was (removed to the gamekeeper's lodge at Clonbrock. Captain Ffrench's dress consisted of a black coat, dark vest and trousers, with light boots, which were wet half way up, showing that he had waded through some of the neighbouring streams. In his pockets were fouhd five sovereigns and some silver, a gold watch, a chain, a gold ring, a prayer book, and some postage receipt and stamps. The news of the dreadful affair having become generally known in the district, the most painful excitement was everywhere observable. The peasantry flocked in hundreds to the place where the corpse of Captain Ffrench lay, and during the entire of Tuesday night the mournful lament in Irish of the poor people could be heard for a considerable distance around. The cir cumstances attending these fatal occurrences, so far as they can be gleaned, are now stated. It only re mains to state that Dr. Keeran, the medical attendant of the Ffrench family, on his examination at the inquest this day, deposed to the fact that Captain Ffrench in his lifetime was subject to fits of tem porary insanity. About two years ago Captain Ffrench had a serious attack of this malady at Bal linasloe, and the doctor then attended him. Dr. Keeran also stated that the disease was of a nature that, although it might be subdued for a time, was likely to recur. The pistol found by the body of Captain Ffrench was one of Adams's patent six chambered revolvers. It was quite new, and bore the trade mark of William and John Rigby, of Dublin. Five of the chambers were loaded with b2ll, one had been discharged, three nipples were capped. It would appear, therefore, that Captain Ffrench, if he shot Mr. Burke, of which there seems to be no doubt, , fired twice, and then reloaded the two vacant chambers before he committed self• destruction. The proceedings of the inquest lasted some hours. The Hon. Martin Ffrench arrived at Cloubrock from Dublin at 4 o'clock this evening, accompanied by Mr. De Blacquire, his solicitor, but, in compliance with the suggestion of his friends he did not attend the melancholy inquiry. The verdict of the jury in the case of Mr. Burke was, that that gentleman met his death by pistol-shot . . wounds; that there was no direct eidence as to the person or persons by whom they were inflicted, but that the last person seen in his company was Captain Ffrench, who had been at a certain period afflicted with insanity of a type likely to recur. In the case of Captain lefrencli the jury found that he met his death by a pistOl-shot wound, inflicted lty himself while labouring under temporary in sanity. The body of Mr. Burke was interred this evening at Ballinamore; thut of Captain Ffrench was removed in a hearse to the park. He was a young gentleman of amiable disposition, and was deservedly popular among the people of the district. His interment will take place to morrow in the family vault. It is unnecessary to state that the members of the Ffrench family are plunged into the deepest grief by these tragical events. Among those present at the inquest were the Hon. Gonville Ffrench, A. C. Montgomery, R.M: ; the Rev. P. Hobart, C.C. ; P. Sweeney, S.I. ; Mr. D. H. Kelly, J.P. ; Mr. M. Cheevers, J.P., &c. THE LEDBURY MURDER. Yesterday the examination of John Isaac Jones, the clerk in the office of Mr. Masefield, was resumed by the magistrates before whom the prisoner was first brought, and Mr. William Money Kyrie and Colonel Grey. The interest displayed by the inhabitants in the progress of the investigation was undiminished, and throughout the whole of Herefordshire and the sur rounding counties great anxiety seems to be felt by persons of all classes to learn whether the officers of justice have succeeded in tracing home the diabolical deed to the person now in custody, or to any one else. There were about 12 witnesses for examination on behalf of the prosecution, the result of the con tinued investigation into the circumstances attend ing the murder and robbery and attempted arson, made by detective Williamson, of the metropolitan force, and Superintendent Tanner, of the Hereford shire constabulary. As the inquiries of these officers progress they find no occasion to direct their investi gations into another channel than that in which they are now running. It is not true, as has been reported in some papers, that the two cheques that were taken with the money have been found near to the pri soner's lodgings. Neither those cheques nor the two £5 Bank of England notes have yet been traced. For Mr. Masefield and the prosecution, Mr. Piper, solicitor, again appeared; and, as heretofore, the prisoner Jones was defended by Mr. Gregg and Son. The first witness examined was Mr. G. Masefield, who deposed to its being known by his clerks, first that there was a large sum of money in his office on the day of the murder; and next, to their knowing also that he hod gone to London. The witness gave evidence relative to the position of his money and the near proximity to it of a large number of post age and receipt stamps. Jones, he added, received a quarter's salary (Xll 145.) on the 28th of last March. Witness would think it impossible that the man Freeman, who was at the office on the day before the murder to serve a writ, should know where the money was kept. In conducting the cross-examination Mr. Gregg, jun., approached with considerable circumlocution, and with many apologies, a question respecting witness's relatives, whether be had not a brother in needy circumstances, and of bad character, who had lately been in and about Ledbury. The magistrates all urged whether such a ques tion was necessary to that investigation. Mr. Gregg replied, that in his opinion, as advised, it was. Witness replied that the report was " a fabrica tion as diabolical as the murder ; he had no relative who was not independent of him and the world." Joseph Playstead, a plumber and glazier, who lives next house but one to the office in question, deposed to the circumstances immediately accom panying the discovery of the murder. Jones was the first man who went to Mr. Masefield's drawer, and said, " There has been a robbery here." William Griffin, surgeon, who was called in on the discovery of the murder, deposed that he saw on the ground near the chips of wood that the mur derer had broken from the drawer in forcing it, two penny postage stamps. Picked them up and placed them on the table. William Masefield, one of Mr. G. Masefield's sons, and an articled clerk to him, was next sworn, but his evidence did not throw additional light upon the matter as revealed up to the close of the inquest. John Palmer, clerk to Mr. Smith, solicitor, Led bury, was in the Plough at about 10 at night on the day of the first inquest, when the prisoner came in. Prisoner answered questions put to him respecting the jurymen and the amount of money stolen, and added that if the house had been broken open the night before the booty would have been greater, and spoke of Mr. Masefield having sent a large sum of money to the bank. Jones had two glasses of brandy on that occasion. • John Brown, a tailor of Ledbury, sworn, said that Jones now owed him £4 55., and paid him D. 17s. on or about the Ist of Ap r il. The £4 ss. debt had been incurred since that date. By a mutual arrangement, Jones was to pay him his account quarterly. It was now about one o'clock, and Mr. Piper asked for an adjournment for a half-hour, as the prosecution expected some witnesses from a distance by the coach, which was now nearly due. The application was granted, and the Court ad journed. On the investigation being resumed, William Hampton deposed that he managed the business of Mr. Chandler, a bootmaker. The pri soner owed him £1 Is. 3d. He paid his account up to that date at Christmas last. Charles Cooper, the master of the Birmingham Workhouse, recognised the prisoner as John Isaac Jones, who was first admitted into the workhouse on the 10th of November, 1855, as a destitute per son. The order of admission stated that he was destitute, belonged to America, and was an attor ney's clerk. Remained a pauper in the workhouse until the 22d of August, 1856. This witness was under examinat ion when our report was despatched. POLICE 1N TEL L ENCE—June 2. GUILDHALL—ALLEGED EMBEZZLEMENT BY A CLERK.—AllanlCullingham, an attorney's clerk, was placed at the bar before Alderman Phillips, charged with embezzling £2B and other sums, the moneys of his masters. Mr. Wm. Clark, of the firm of Clark and Morice, solicitors, of 29, Coleman-street, said—The prisoner was our managing common law clerk, and has been in our service about three years. In April last year we had some documents sent to us from Peter borough, with instructions to obtain a return of probate duty at Somerset House. The prisoner was entrusted with the papers for that purpose, but from a memorandum in the prisoner's handwriting in our draft bill of costs, it appeared that he could not obtain the return of probate duty until the succession duty had been paid. I have, however, ascertained that he has since received £42 from Somerset House, and by a letter which he wrote, dated Nov. 23rd last, a press copy of which I pro duce, he mentioned the receipt of the return. That letter he showed to me at the time, and I asked what amount he had received. He said £l4, and I filled up the blank in the letter for that amount. The copy I produce was then taken, but I have recently seen the original letter, in which I find that my entry of £l4 has been altered to £42. He accounted for the £l4, but not for the balance of £2B. Prisoner—Was I authorised to receive that money ? Prosecutor You were authorised to receive whatever amount was due. Prisoner—Was I at that time under notice •to leave? Prosecutor—You were, and your salary was paid up to the end of the month of November, but I allowed you to attend to some old matters which you had had in hand. I discharged you in the early part of November, prior to the date of this letter, but I did not know then of this defalcation. Alderman Phillips—What was the prisoner's salary? Prosecutor-0175 a year, Sir. Alderman Phillips—A remand is applied for in this case. (To the prisoner). Have you anything to say against it ? Prisoner—l have only to submit, Sir, that there is no proof that I Was a servant of the prosecutor's at the time, and that there is nq evidence that I ever received this money. Alderman Phillips—The object of the remand is to get that evidence. Prisoner—l have nothing further to say at pre sent. Alderman Phillips—You are remanded then till Monday next. Remanded accordingly. WESTMINSTER. —DESPERATE RIOT AT CRE MORNE GARDENS.--A gentleman, attired after the latest mode, who was described on the police-sheet as George A. Lake, of 3, Northumberland-street, Strand, was charged, belbre Mr. Paynter, with two assaults, under the following most disgraceful cir cumstances : Frederick Kent, clerk of the works at Cremorne Gardens, said—Between one and two this (Thurs' day) morning, I had occasion to speak to this gen tleman. There was an elderly person upon a table in the coffee-room haranguing those present. The y first of all had be en d r i n king Mr. Simpson's, the proprietor's health, but afterwards became very disorderly. I desired the gentleman to get down' from the table and be quiet, but he would not ; and on my endeavouring to pull him doNl7n defendant interfered, and said he should remain there. De fendant incited the crowd to make a very gre a t noise, and smash the tables, &c., and the riot at lengei assumed so serious a character that we were compelled to eject the defendant, who had become the principal ringleader. Shouts rent the air in all directions, persons hats were knocked off, w hil„, everything near at hand was demolished, and the serving of peaceable customers i n the theotinhep, coffee-room was rendered an impossibility, M r . paynter—Previous to ejectingdefen dant, did you order him to leave Witness—Repeatedly; every means were use d to induce him to leave. Mr. Simpson—l myself added my voice to that of my servants. I used entreaties and threats, but all were unavailing. I got upon the tale and endea voured to preserve order, but all to no purpose. Mr. Paynter, to witness —Did ycru use any vic lence in turning him out ? Witness—l used no unnecessary 'force whatever. Mr. Simpson—Finding we could not keep order, I ordered him and others to be turned out. Mr. Paynter, to witness --If you had used great force it would not have mattered.. Mr. Simpson deemed it advisable to eject defendant, and you acted under his orders. Describe what followed. Witness —After I had ejected him he turned round and struck me a violent blow across my ear with a little stick he had. He ,afterwards struck me over the head. The outer railings then sepa rating us, he said if he could get at me he would cut my face to pieces. He, in addition, used shocking and disgraceful language, talking about what a— spree he and his friends had had, and going on in that manner. Joseph Johnson, assistant manager, said—l was in the coffee-room. The accused created an alarm ing disturbance there, and when t urne d ou t s t ruc k Kent as described. He then ran off, and as he seemed to be endeavouring to get into the gardens again I pursued him. He rushed at the coffee room window, and breaking some thick glass, endeavoured to effect an entry, but I pulled him down by his legs. When he was on the ground he struck me several times with his stick, knocked me down, and swinging me round, threw me belly against some railings. The police had then arrived and he was given into custody. Mr. Paynter—Was the window broken ? Mr. Simpson—Some of the panes were. This was a most dangerous proceeding. Situated as the window was, and the glass being thick, the chances are that if he had got through he would have killed himself, and my servant probably saved him from that fate, or from being seriously injured. Some of the articles broken were here produced. Mr. Paynter—What is the actual amount of damage ? Simpson—Very considerable, but that is a secondary considerati on . My c hi e f object in bring ing this case here is to protect my servants, many of whom, besides these two, were cut about by participators in the riot, and to preserve the character which Cremorne has hitherto enjoyed, that of being a well-conducted place of resort for pleasure-seekers. For nine years I have had the management of Cremorne, and never in my life saw such a tumult as was created there last night. I should have had at least twenty policemen here, but being Derby-day the police had been employed elsewhere, and consequently there were very few at hand. I was harassed on all sides. There were probably 10,000 people in the gardens, and the ordinary rush to the coffee-room is very great, but we could not serve people fast enough. A drunken person proposed my health. Defendant, and upwards of 100 people, go t on th e t a bl es , and shouted and incited the mob, recklessly destroying everything, and I feared every moment that the large chandelier would come down, and the place be in a blaze. The quiet portion of the crowd en deavoured to quell the disturbance, but they could not, and the business at length was at a stand-still. The police proved that the defendant was under the influence of liquor. Mr. Paynter, addressing defendant, said—You are put down on the sheet as a gentleman, but you have forfeited that title by your shameful conduct ; and the only way in which you can redeem your character will be to make the fullest compensation for what you have done. I cannot conceive that a person calling himself a gentleman could so wan tonly be the cause of destroying property, and could assault the servants of the proprietor, who were obeying their master's commands in turning him out. Cremorne Gardens are a source of amusement and gratification to thousands, but will not long continue to be so if disgraceful conduct of this description is permitted. This is the first time during my experience as a magistrate for twenty years that any serious disturbance of this kind has occurred there ; and it reflects great credit upon Mr. Simpson that he conducts his establishment in a most quiet and respectable manner. Mr. Simpson—There are a number of persons who attend the gardens regularly, and time after time do their best to incite persons to create dis turbances in the gardens. I had rather be withost the money of such parties, should I justified in refusing to admit them. I threatened one of last night's ringleaders with that course, and he told me that I must admit him ; and I now seek your worship's opinion upon the matter. Mr. Paynter—Cremorne, like other places of amusement, is open to everybody, and therefore I am afraid you cannot refuse admittance to any one. Mr. Simpson—Have I, then, any remedy ? Mr. Paynter—Yes, and a very good one. If you find out the names of last night's ringleaders, or of any who may hereafter endeavour to promote dis order, I will grant you summonses. When they are brought before me they shall be sent to the sessions, and they will then be so severely punished that they will never repeat their misconduct. Mr. Simpson—l am extremely obliged to your worship. Defendant was ordered to find two sureties in £4O each for his appearance next Thursday. In the course of the afternoon he put in the ne cessary bail, and although he made no reply to the charge an adjournment was solicited, on the alleg e d ground that he had witnesses to call. THAMES. CUTTING AND WouNDlNG.—Brid• get Fitzgerald, aged 26, was brought before Mr. Corrie, charged with stabbing Honora Hassett. The complainant's face and clothes were covered with gore, and although a severe wound on the fore head had been dressed, the blood was trickling down her face when she got into the witness box, and to make herself look still more horrible she raised hei hands, which were stained with blood. There was a large wound on her right hand. It was difficult to obtain any coherent statement from her, and she did nothinc , but moan and g roan between every sentence she uttered. She said that Mrs. Fitzgerald had killed her outright, and tried to stab her in the throat with a knife, and 'she " put up her hand to prevent her head being chopped off," and received the wound on her hand. The prisoner and another woman, called Peggy from Cork, then " beat her black and blue," and the prisoner cut her about the head with a flat iron nine or ten times. _ _ Mr. Corrie essayed in vain to ascertain the origin of the affray, but could obtain no information what ever. William Lowe, a police-constable, 152 IT, said the_ parties lived in an Irish colony in Charles street, St. George's-in-the-East, and there had been disturbances and fighting going on there since Saturday night last. A young woman, the sister of the prisoner, had, it was said, been committing adultery with another woman's husband, and had been shut up all the week in a room to save her from the vengeance of her country people. That afternoon a party of Irish women went to the house in which she was confined to drag her out and ill-use her. A riot was the consequence, and the parties got fighting, but what commenced the affray it was impossible to ascertain. The com plainant had only a wound on the head. It was on her forehead, and she lost a good deal of blood. l Mrs. Hass e tt—O c h,: now ; you can't see a ll m the the wounds on my head. S ure I was coming from sugar-hou se w ith a pa il o f h o t wa ter in my hand, and both this woman an d P egg y set upon me and bate me, and stabbed me, and kicke d The son of the complainant confi knocked me about on the head with a d fia t h me, is iron. rmes statement. The prisoner denied that and alleged that all the viol violence she was Mrs. Hassett. She then I was 0 " n t "to thetli e p fore," arto called her sister, wh o cou 3,r. 11dgcivoerrnino—relayshoyn, you are the sister of the pri soner, acco unt of the affair. and are accused o f comm itting adultery withU married man. Witness—Yes, sir; ha w d as be m en os a t very sav about me. e Mr. Corr d f a n g , e . the whole er affair e fight, and He remanded the prisoner until M on d ay, and di rected the police to look after the other offender, P egg y, and arrest her if possible. THE REV. MR. SPURGEON'S NEW CHAPEL On Wednesday a specimen of th e design for the windows o f the new chapel proposed to be erected on an area o f ground at the junction of St. George's and the Kenning ton-roads, Surrey, was exhibited upon a portion of the site on which the sacred edifice is proposed to be erected. The specimen is of the Gothic style of architecture, and from the purity of the stone its appearance would indicate that the chapel, if constructed of the same material, would be a great ornament to the neighbourhood. [ADVERTISEMENT],—The difficulties and dangers of bringing up infants by hand or wet nurses have been entirely overcome by Du Barry's delicious Revalenta Arabica Food, which feeds, strengthens, and removes all the little pains and irregularities infants are so subject to. The following letter speaks volumes :—" Grammar School, Stevenage, 16th Dec., 1850. Gentlemen.---I think it but common justice to you to state that I have used Du Barry's Reya lenta for the last four months, during which time our it in fant has never had disordered bowels, from which it hail suffered much during the previous six months, whilst being i nursed, though every care was taken to prevent it. ll d would have known of your valuable food sooner,it saved my infant much , an f,ce d me expense of a wet nurse.— P l aj a n in In tins, at ls. 6d. ; 11b., 3s. i 21b., os. . ' 9d ; 51b., 125.; 121 b., lso the heavy 265. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on re Regent-street London, office order. Du Barry and Co., 7,7) 82, Piccadilly Anis, 60, Fortnum, Mason, and Co., I side ; 63, tut 'l5O, Oxford- KOBaERT Ce A ip: o7p El o t s . t- Graceehuroh-street ; 4, Cheap . t oa a. Also at Dublin, street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. , t dinburgh, Rairnes and Co. ; Oxford street ; 830 and 451, Str e a e n u ci r ,.. l 49 and 60, Bishopsgate- Bewley and Draper ; Blanchard, and Co.; at South ir -Ramos, Scott ; at Yor.., _, c ,___ ,, Thew; at Manchester, Sharp and at Liverpool, Nixon and 4111003 h 1/44114811"Vi c" ARMS FOR OUR-lit -VOLUNTEER RIFLEMEN. (From the Ifechanics' Magazine.) As the gentlemen of England have made a sudden resolution to become riflemen, the lord-lieutenants and deputy-lieutenants of counties have to perform a very important duty in making choice of the arms which shall be put into the hands of their respective corps ; and as they run some risk of being misled in this matter, we will make reference to a fact or two for their guidance. In the first place it is evident that, notwithstand ing the many and great improvements which breech-loading rifles have lately undergone, their immediate adoption cannot be recommended. Five or six years hence, perhaps before, we shall doubt less have tested and modified them sufficiently, and have so far adapted the cartridge to them, as to enable us to substitute them on all desirable occasions for the muzzle-loading arm. But mean while we must content ourselves with the latter for general service. Turning, then, to the rifles already in use, from which alone we can prudently select a weapon for our volunteers, we find our choice limited to two—the Enfield and the Lancas ter rifles—the comparative merits of which have been put beyond all question by actual service in the field of battle, as well as by the severest tests of target practice. Under many circumstances the Enfield arm fails utterly, often in the midst of the fight; under all circumstances it is liable to refuse the cartridge after a few rounds. The cause, or we may say the causes, of this are now well under stood, and are known to be such as we have no present hope of remedying. On the other hand, the oval-bore Lancaster is entirely free from such defects. In the hands of our artillerymen it has repeatedly demonstrated its superiority to the Enfield in point of accuracy, and in late campaigns in India it has in no instance failed, although it has been put to the severest duties. We need not insist further upon this, because the oval-bore Lan caster is recognised as the one and only unfailing weapon with which the ordinary service ammuni tion can be used. This being the case, and it being manifestly desirable that the volunteer rifle corps should be so armed that they may use the service ammunition if called upon to act, it becomes evi dent that the Lancaster rifle is the best weapon which such corps can adopt. With these facts before us, we have to account for the circumstances that in the circulars on volunteer rifle corps, issued from the War Deptirt ment, the Enfield, and not the Lancaster, is the rifle recommended. Why is this ? The reason appears to us to be sufficiently plain. It must be evident from what we have already said that General Peel and his collea gues wou ld g l a dl y replace the En field by th e L ancas t er weapon throug h ou t the regular ser v i ce . B u t th en they have a n im mense stock of E n fi e ld s on h an d ; so many that, notwithsta n di ng th e di spar i ty b etwee n the number of ou r t roops an d t h ose of France, we Pr(); bably have eight or t ett r ifl es f or every one poss essed . by the French--a fact which h as t o a ce rtain extent resulted from the incapacity of French manufac turers to co:npete with our own in the art and mys tery of gun making. Under these circumstances! what is to be expected but that an ingenious attempt should be made by the War Department to dispose of their present stock of Enfields to volunteer corps; whose mere establishment will be 'a against invasion, and therefore a security again, a ; their arms ever being brought to the test of battle. In all this the officials of the War Department,t. are doubtless acting wisely for their own interest. And if it should happen that the volunteer move" e meat should be so far extended as to include those, classes who cannot afford to buy their own arni . s !es guarantei. legitimate means of disposing of the Enfield rifles will be provided. That it will be not the Government can manage the matter, we do not doubt. But those volunteer corps who are about to to to purchase their own arms may surely buy up the Enfield rifles, when the Lancaster arm, which is in reality , the only model used in tn.! Queen's service with complete satisfaction, 1: so extended, if equally accessible to them. A word to the wise 15 enough. COUNTRY MARKRTB. BIRMINGHAM—JUNE 2. A fair supply of wheat, and prices were the turn in favour of buyers, but only little business was done. Barley unaltered. Oats 6d to is per qr. lower. Beans and pees were also rather lower. ' MANCHESTER-JUNE 2. A languid mailjeT. - WheY;OldVerislOwly, at in to 21 per qr decline ; and flour was quite neglected at is per sack reduction. Indian corn is cheaper. Oats and oatmeal were in favour of buyers. Beans and barley were un changed. BOSTON—JUNE 1. There was a small show of wheat, which met with a slow demand, at is per qr reduction. In beans there was 21 ' 4 much doing, late quotations being maintained. Wheat .44s to 50s Oats.... 22s to 300 White do .50s to 53s I Beans .. 435 to 500 Barley .30s to 34s Ditt o , o ld ........--a to •. 0 Averages for the week : Wheat 2,591 qrs., at 51s ld Barley.. Beans 334 is 49S 2d Peas • . 7 , 42s 8d Oats 165 ' 24s 3d Rye „ --- » —o Od LOUTH—JUNE 1. At to-day's market there was a small supply of farme r wheat, and the trade ruled quiet, at a decline of from 2 ,... to 3s per qr. on th e ra t es rea li se d l as t wee k. Other kin d " of grain wore unaltered. Wheat 46s to —s Oats.. 24s to 2 76 White do Barley .sos too 37s —s Peas ße Beans ......... 35s . 44; to .•.-- to--48: EDINBURGH GRAIN—JUNE 1. Sales heavy and prices back. Wheat on the top is Od down . average 0 1: 6d od Barley on the top is Od down , average Od Oats on tho top 2s Od down.... average 1 Beans on the top la Od down. • • • • average Os 7d uP• Averages per Imperial quarter, Wheat £2 10 7 5-12t1 1 s Barley 1 16 9 0-12ths Oats 1 6 7 0-12fhs Beans 2 S 1 7-12 do Total Supply and Sales. Wheat 986 qrs Sold 677 qrl Barley... 284 qrs Sold 183 go Oats .1376 qrs So Beans 136 qrs Sold d 4 2 q 71 qrs s GLASGOW—Jurat 1. Market quiet, and no business done ; holders demanded late rates, but would willingly give for is to 2s per qr. lower. Barley is cheaper. Other articles dull. DERBY SMITHFIELD --MAY 31. calf skins, 6d to 64d, The supply of fat beasts to-day was a full average one' the demand was less than it has been for several past mar kets, and a few were left unsold. Sheep and lambs numer ous.. Calves plentiful. Pigs about the average. Lamb ...... 9d to 9id Rough fat, 5 Beef 7d to 71d Veal 6d to 60 Mutton ........ Gfd to 'ad Pork ° Hides, 3id to 51-c1; Od 61d per stone• The Belti jasuGcoomuml at V arna which i s l t a a s tes jus th t at ad las dr t es rer a ne r i:th P :e r r r o t gre th t e ° ss,and exportationsnor recommendsim B po e rt igi a a ti ns ons to of e t s h t a a t bli p: h rt made any d n ep - (its of hardware. [ADVERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's Pills and Ointment.-- Diseases of Women—Medical science in all ages has been directed to alleviate the many maladies incident to feast" but with precariou s success, till Professor Holloway, by diligent study, and attentive observation, was induced believe that nature had provided a remedy for these speoS: diseases ; and after vast research succeeded in compom • ing his celebrated Ointment and Pills, which embody the principle naturally deigned for the relief and c ure of _ orders peculiar to women of all ages and constitution,/ whether residing in warm or cold climates. They haven peatedly corrected disordered functions which had defied the usu a l drugs prescribed by medical men, and still Dr satisfactory is it th at t h e malady is relieved immedia tely and permanently. BIRTHS. BOODLE.—On the 31st May, at 159, Albany-str ee Regent's -park, the wif e o f Ed war d B oo dl e , Esq., of daughter. CAVENDISH.—On the Ist inst., at Ayot St. Lawrence, La" Emily Cavendish, of a daughter. DAY.—On the 30th May, at West Cowes, the wife of CaPt• John Henry Day, of a daughter. LESLIE.—On the let inst., at Stonehouse, Devon, wife of Capt. George Leslie, Royal Marines, of a B ° ll ', TROLLOPE.—On the 2d inst., at 13, Cl averton - s t r eet, P O2- lice, Mrs. C. B. Trollope, of a son. MARRIAGES. DERING—CHATTERTON.—On the Ist i ns t , at St. Gorg i e i : t t Hanover-square, Edward H eneage Dering, " Coldstream Guards, to Georgiana Lady Chatterton• mutt ELGEE—SCHOALES.—OR the 30th May, at St. MarY le Church, Charles Elgee, Esq., Major 3d Depot Battalion, to Elizabeth Harlot, only daughter of Adam Scheales, Esq., Southampton, el HALL—WooDs.—On the Ist inst., at Denmark ChonlY James Hall, Esq., of the Mall, Sligo, to Annie, daughter of the late James Woods, Esq of Brixton-rw" and Southwark. ITEALEY—CIIAMBERS.—On the 31st May, at All Saint s' ' Upper Norwood, Francis Healey, Esq., of Euston - g r° l magistrate of the county of Middl esex to Marian, su rviving daughter of th e late William Chambers, E s q .° of Lewisham. eldes DEATHS. CASIVELL.—On the 30th May, Jane, the wife of M? VT"• Caswell, of 45, Queen's-road -nest, Chelsea. FL O E r T d c n u an E c n e .— , r O ai n i..m th all e , 2 a 2 a d ed 6 M7 . , at 49, 1 1 Glouces ter-r_ r oa t Regent's-park, Charles Fletcher, Esq., late of . HOME. —On the Ist m . st., at. Oxford, ag ed 18, the lion' Montagu C. D. Home, third son of the Earl of Home. S TOVELL.—On the 31st May, at 19, Lloyd-square, Stovall, aged 84. LONDON • Printed and Published by MURDO YOUllav of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Thi Bun Office, No. 112 i Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the count" Middlesex, Friday, June 3, 1859.