The Sun. — London, England, 1858-09-22 00:00:00

LONDON & NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. CHEAP EXCURSION between LONDON and HUD DERSFIELD, MANCHESTER, and LIVERPOOL. TO LONDON, ON SATURDAY, SEPT. 25. FARES. A.M. Ist Class. 2d Class. Batley depart 9 30 Dewsbury ~ Huddersfield 9 55 Marsden Greenfield Staley Bridge lO 40 9 2 Manchester 9 9 Stockport f 1 Liverpool AVarnngton London (Euston Station) arrive about 4 45 Returning Wednesday, Sept. 29th, at 9.30 a.m., from Euston Station. FROM LONDON ON SATURDAY, OCT. 2. FARES, A. %I. London (Euston Station) depart 9.30. P.m. Ist class. 2d class. W arr i ng t o n arrive 3.20 225. ne. Liverpool S 3.20 Stockport Mp ;11- - __ 3.40 • ..tanchester ' Staley Bridge .... Greenfield 4.15 3larsden 9l 4.30 Huddersfield f 9 4.50 Dewsbury Batley Returning on Wednesday, Oct. 6th, at the same as Up-trabl of 25th. . ._ . _ _ _ _ Bills and Particulars may be had at the Company's offices, or of Mr. Marcus, Crosby-hall-chambers, Bishopsgate-street, City. _ _ By order. MARK HUISH, General Manager. London, Enston-station, Sept. 22,1858. THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Under the Management of Miss L. Fyne and Mr. W. Harrison. THIS EVENING, Balfs's ROSE OF CASTILLE : Miss Louisa:Pyne, Miss Susan Pine, Miss M. Prescott ; Mr. Fer dinand Glover, Mr. A. St. Albyn, Mr. George Honey, Mr. Bartleman, and Mr. W. Harrison. Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon. To conclude with a Ballet Divertissement : Mdlles. Zilia Michelet, Pasquale, and Morlacchi. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstona. THIS EVENING will be performed THE WAY TO KEEP HIM Messrs. Buckstone, Howe, W. Farren, &c. ; Mesdames Reynolds, B. White, E. Fitzwilliam. Sinclair, &c. After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE GUADAL QUIVER. Peres Nena. Followed by THE BALANCE OF COMFORT. And MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer. Great Success. The New Comedy of EXTREMES ; or, Men of the Day. Supported by Mrs. A. Mellon (late Miss Woolgar), Mrs. Weston, Miss Kate Saxon, Messrs. Emery, J. Rogers, E. Falconer, and Barrett, EVERY EVENING. To conclude with the New Farce, entitled TOO MUCH FOR GOOD NATURE. Messrs. Emery, J. Rogers, Mrs. Weston, and Miss Kate Saxon. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7. Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE, Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough. THIS EVENING, NOTHING TO NURSE; Mr. Swan borough, Mrs. Selby. After which THE LAST OF THE PIGTAILS ; Messrs. C. Selby, J. Bland, and J. Clarke, &c. Followed by THE BONNIE FISH WIFE. And I'LL WRITE TO THE TIMES. Commence at 7 o'clock. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.— OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The following Company of Vocalists are engned for the pertbrmance of - Selections from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS, CHORUSES, *LEES, DUETS. &c., viz.:—Miss Russell, Mrs. Badsey, Miss Brunch, Miss Ray, Madame Bartoletti, Miss Montague, Mrs. Lawrence, and Mrs. Andiirson ; Herr F. Jonglimans, Mr. Renshaw, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, Senor Antonio, E. L. Mime, Mr. Badsey. Senor Tiroli, Mr. Cozens, Mr. Bell, Mr. Barnard, and Mr. St. Albyn. Mr. John G. Forde and E. W. Mackney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks—Harmonium, Mr. Courtnay—Director, Herr F. Jong,tmans. Commence at 7 precisely. Suppers, &c., until 12 o'clock • NOTICE.--4rhe Proprietor begs respectfully to announce that in the month of October, A FINE ARTS GALLERY, now in course of construction, will be thrown open in oon nexion with the above Hall. THE WEATHER.—Sux OFFICE, SEPT. 22. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 65—highest since noon yesterday. 61—lowest this morning and during the night. 67—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29 . 82--a fall of nearly half an inch, indi cating that the equinoctial gales are "in the wind." WIND, South-Easterly, but variable, with fitful sultry weather, and slight rain occasionally. - THE SUN. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 18M. It is right to do homage to genius and merit, in whatever shape they may be manifested. The representative men of every age—the benefactors of mankind, who would at one period of the world have been regarded as demigods—in another were canonised or embalmed in the odour of sanctity— should be held in grateful remembrance, and their bright examples held forth to stimulate the rising generation to show how greatly their interests can be advanced by endeavouring to imitate the example of one starting with no extraordinary ad vantages—nothing that is not within the reach of almost any boy in this favoured and happy land. The inauguration of the statue of Sir ISAAC NEWTON at Grantham, yesterday, was a cheering spectacle. It was a celebration of the fame of the greatest mathematician the world ere saw, and one of the most distinguished men of the age—one who by his labour has already erected for himself a " monumentum ere perennius," who has already passed the allotted life of man, but who still happily:enjoys a green and vigorous old age— attended to do honour to the occasion. It was, indeed, no ordinary occasion when Lord BROUGHAM proceeded,:in plain and ordinary language, simplex munditus, to show how greatly the world is in debted to the intellect and industry of NEWTON. He stood before the admiring spectators a " Nestor'' of science—not garrulously prattling of the cele brities of his juvenile reminiscences, but speaking reverently and discreetly of the master mind who had explained the mighty scheme of the universe, and showed so clearly and distinctly the details of the planetary system, that it was rendered per ceptible to the humblest student of nature, of ordinary capacity— : .of that NEWTON, of whom LEIBNITZ, his greatest rival, on one of his greatest discoveries—just as ADAMS and LE VERRIER have been rivals respecting the discovery of " Oceanus" —said, that "taking mathematicians from the beginning of the world to the time when NEWTON lived, what he had done was much the better half." And yet with all the modesty for which, like other truly great men, he was so pre-eminently distin guished, he described himself as but " a child wan dering by the great ocean of truth, and collecting a few scattered shells from its shores." The account given by Lord BROUGHAM of the labours' and discoveries of this truly great man, " whose reputation," as has been well observed, " will endure to the last syllable of recorded time," is worthy of the inspiring subject. Sir ISAAC NEWTON, whose monument was the Soldr Systthn, required njt a statue. So long as that systeim shall exist, the name and fame of the scientific pieifeer who explained what had previously been mysteries, and shed light where there had previously been darkness, will prevail amongst those who are pur suing the path which he had opened. The Plane tary System is to him what St. Paul's was to Sir CHRISTOPHER WREN. The simple principle of gravitation, ascertained through a mere accident, when he was but 25 years of age, was the forerunner of many discoveries sufficient to render any name illustrious. NEWTON had fortunately that indefatigable industry which enabled him to turn all his labours to the best purpose. He pos:vssed a rare, perhaps unparalleled combination of inventive and calculating powers.' He rapidly seized on.. any truth, and *as enabled to trace out the results, bowever complicated, and, mire bile dictu, not a siugh s one of his numerous and elabo rate calculations h tuned out to be erroneous,ev€ n V , ~ t o. A' 4 4e . ziataocaco;t4il4 i•-. 1,1 .rN t AINP,'"'S- -4t ../. tIV ' ' 'fr*L44!* when examined by the brilliant light of the torches which he himself enkindled, but which required trimming by skilful successors before their full light could be revealed to the admiring spectators. It was not merely in pure physics and mathe matics that he distinguished himself. He traced with marvellous accuracy the course and periodic time of every planet, and enabled those elaborate cal culations to be made, which enable us to predict to the very moment the commencement and termination of an eclipse, or the transit of a planet—which enables the mariner of every sea and ocean to dis cover his exact position, and thus to avoid the shoals and rocks on which he might otherwise meet destruction. He also explained the " differential and integral calculus," although it is but a simple act of justice to another great man—the illustrious LEIBNITZ—to confess that he also had made dis coveries on the subject later than NEWTON, but without any knowledge of the results of his inves tigations. His optical discoveries supplied tests by which the accuracy of his celestial dynamics could be ascertained. It was he that pointed out the pro perties of light—that indicated the path which has been so well pursued by HERSCHEL and RossE, and many other distinguished persons. Of him it might truly be said, that there was nothing towards which he directed his attention that he did not brilliantly illustrate. The inhabitants of Grantham have not rendered honour to the mighty dead, but to themselves. So far as he was concerned, it was but " gilding refined gold ;" but they will henceforth receive a reflected light, which will render famous the locality in which so great a man was born, and where he received the first rudiments of education. The revising barristers are now beginning their important annual task among the different constitu encies. It is a reminder to the electors generally throughout the United Kingdom of the probability of a speedy dissolution, and of the consequent ne cessity for forethought on the part of those who may otherwise run the hazard of losing, by negli gence, the high privilege of the elective franchise. Next session will, in all human likelihood, not come to an end before another appeal to the country is adventured upon. It is difficult to believe for an instant that the present House of Commons will suffice for the passing of any comprehensive measure of Parliamentary Reform. It was chosen origi nally, it will be remembered, under the pressure of an emergency—to pronounce " Yeh" or Nay upon the Question of the War with China. That war has, happily, been terminated to everyone's satis faction. The appeal last made to the country answered its purpose to admiration. Out of that little squabble over the lorcha Arrow has come forth a new treaty between the British and Celestial Empires, calculated to result, not only to the ad vantage of the conquerors themselves, but to that also of a hitherto insulated mass of 400,000,000 of our fellow-creatures. Consul PARKES made way for Lord ELGIN, as Sir JOHN BOWRING had already made way for Sir MICHAEL SEYMOUR—and the result has been that the ports of China are no longer sealed against us, but that all that is sealed in any way, in regard to the Chinese, is this new and most admirable Treaty of Pacification. The existing Barliament has doubly done its duty—it has secured the triumph of British arms in China, and it has hurled down, during this last session, the " insolence of office," latterly grown to be an intolerable incubus under the weight of a purely Whig domination—advisedly we say a Whig domination—for Lord PALMERSTON was literally without any followers whatever, saving and excepting Whigs. Call the noble Viscount himself a Canningite, or an Any thingite ; but the comparative Nobodies who were at his beck to fill up the offices of the Govern ment were—Whigs all. There was a pure Whig at the Admiralty—Sir CHARLES WOOD. There was a Whig man of letters at the Board of Control—Mr. SMITH. A Whig— Sir GEORGE LEwis—was Chancellor of the Exchequer. A Whig, abut the ablest of them all—Sir GEORGE GREY--was Home Secretary. And so on through all the ins and (as they happily are now) outs of the Palmerstonian Government. Wherefore. again we remark—this present House of Commons has done its duty well and doubly. It won't obviously do in the least for the next work to be done—the great inevitable labour long postponed, and therefore largely accumulated, of Parliamentary Reform. Consequently, all that now remains to be done in its regard, at the earliest time that may be convenient, is—to dismiss it with a benison for the past, and a hope for the future as to the character of its successor. And now, as to that successor, and the labours, just commenced, of Registration. Surprise has been expressed by some that the (so-called) Conser vatives—that is, the supporters of the DERBY Government—are perfectly idle and apparently in different as to the progress of registration—say, for example, in the city of London. Instead of regarding this as a melancholy spectacle, we look upon the fact as in every way encouraging and satisfactory. It helps to justify the observation made, if we remember rightly, by the Colonial Secre tary, in his address to his constituents on accepting office—the observation that the old landmarks of party are really broken down and swept away. Thoroughgoing Reformers are themselves, in the best sense of the word, Conservatives. Conserva tives, again, are themselves, or we are much mis taken indeed, among the numbers of the more earnest and thoroughgoing of Reformers. The ap parent quietude of the Derbyites, therefore, in the midst of the Registration, looks to us rather like confidence than indifference. One watchword alone we would suggest for general guidance in the now less anxious, but still responsible duties of Regis tration ; and that one word—note it well—is Anti hig COURT CIRCULAR. BALMORAL, SEPT. 19. Her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, accompanied by the Ladies and Gentlemen-in-Waiting, attended divine service in the parish church at Crathie. The Rev. J. Fowler officiated. The Marquis d'Almasy has left the lfluunswick Hotel. The Countess of Jersey and Lady Clementina Villiers are expected in town on Saturday from the con tintli~ W e _regret to learn that the Countess of Abingdon still contiotes in a very precarious state of health. Viscount tud Viscountess Palmerston left Cam bridge House, ye.gto.vday, for Broadlands, Hants. His Excellency sti.:e Ambassador of France left Albert-gate House yestC:rtZlY, on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Wellington, ut - C;aremont, Norfolk. The Duchess of Beatifor.!" arrived in town on Monday, from visiting the Eurl ai,:d Countess Howe, at Gopsall Hall. The duke is exvected in town to-morrow. The Marquis and Marchicruess of Breadalbane are passing the season at Geneva, where the noble lord and her ladyship intend prolonging their stay until the end of next month. The Duke and Duchess of Hamilton, since their arrival at Brodrick Castl e, from Hamilton -,pa London, have been surrounded by a select party. The Earl and Countess . o f Erroll are entertainiug a select circle at Slaines Castle, Aberdecnshi`re . L ief passing The Earl and Countess of Bosebery the season at Dalmeny Castle. f. 4 ~.:.a.,--, THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 22, 1858, LATEST NEWS. PRUSSIA-THE REGENCY. BERLIN, SEPT. 21. The King has signed the ordonnance which defi nitively settles the question of the Government. There was subsequently a meeting of the Council of Ministers. The order of the King will not be made public until after the return of the Prince of Prussia from Hanover and Warsaw. His Royal Highness set out last evening for the former destination. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY. The _Moniteur contains the outline of the Treaty with China, which admits the toleration of the Christian religion, direct diplomatic relations at Pekin, all the ports open to commerce, permission to travel all over the Empire, a new tariff, and China to pay France 15,000,000 fr. as an indemnity for the expenses of the war. The Moniteur concludes by saying that such happy results may be attributed to the good un derstanding between England and France, and the bravery of their sailors and soldiers. PARIS, TUESDAY. M. Roger de Beauvoir ha.s'appealed against the sentence passed upon him of a year's imprisonment. It is thought rather severe, and some persons are inclined to acquit him of any fraudulent intent, and to look upon the affair as a bad joke. But; M. Roger is between 50 and 60 years of age, and it is time he had left off jokes of so very questionable a character. Poor Bache, the actor, does not intend to appeal, and expresses himself quite satisfied with his three months' imprisonment. _ _ . M. de Corvaia, Envoy Extraordinary and Minis ter Plenipotentiary at Paris for the Republic of Venezuela, who was appointed by President Monagas, is going, it is said, to quit Paris,.in conse quence of the difficulties that have arisen between the French and Venezuelan Governments. An effective blockade of the Venezuelan ports has been established by France and England. Fleets are constructing for the troops and sailors who are to form an establishment on the shores of the Bay of Tourane, in Cochin China. They will be shipped on board a transport which takes out a large amount of stores to the Chinese Seas. A letter from Brest, dated the 19th inst., states that the sailing frigates Africaine and Nereide are being fitted up as transports and laden with coal, with which they are to be despatched to Macao, there to remain at the service of the French steam ships in the Chinese seas. The French Government has hitherto been forced to pay an enormous price for the coals purchased in the Chinese ports. Intelligence from Algiers states that rumours having circulated that agitation prevailed at Oran, the Government had published a contradiction ; also that accounts from Oran of the evening of the 16th announced that all was tranquil. BOURSE, September 21.—The market has been heavy, with a limited amount of business doing. Threes, after having been done at 72f. 80c., im proved to 73f., and are now at 72f. 85c. ; Mobilier varied from 960 f. to 945 f. ; Eastern, 755 f. to 745 f. ; Lyons, 875 f. to 872 f. 50c. ; Orleans, 1,437 f. 50c. to 1,432 f. 50c. ; Southern, 610 f. to 607 f. 50c. ; Northern, 997 f. 50c. to 995 f. ; and Austrian, 680 f. to 687 f. 50e. The market became still heavier tawards the close, when the following were the last quotations :- 41 per Cents. 96 Do. end month — 3 per Cents 72 55 Do. end month 72 70 Bank Shares. 3lOO -- Credit Fonder 680 Belgian 4f — Piedmontese (5) Roman 92 75 Austrian Crklit Mobilier 940 I Spanish Threes .. , Do. Account RAILWAYS, Cash. ' Account. 1427 50 .. 1430 985 .. 992 60 835 870 Orleans Northern New ditto. — Lyons and Mediterranean B7O New ditto G rneva Midi Western Eastern Grand Central - - . . 650 - 602 50 - 605 - 650 - .. G5O - 745 - .. 740 - Sardiniau 462 50 .. 455 ' Austrian 682 50 .. 680 Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 20c. ; money, 25f. 171 c. ; three months, paper, 25f. 2fc. ; money, 25f. . SPAIN. The following private telegram has been re ceived " MADRID, SEPT. 20. " Their Majesties, who are at the Escurial, wil arrive at Madrid on the 22d." The Madrid journals of the 17th have arrrived. Some of them express the opinion that the new Cortes will be Progressist, and. therefore hostile to O'Donnell's Cabinet ; others declare that they will virtually be a Constituent Cortes. It.:was said that the expedition against the Riff pirates is to be post poned to the spring ; but that the Government proposes to act energetically against Mexico. The Queen,and Royal Family had arrived at Astorga. The semi-official Correspondancia says that the Government is about to carry out the measure for the sale of civil property. It has been stated that the responsible editor of the Diario, who was under going imprisonment for a libel on M. Collantes, ex- Minister of Finance—the libel being that he had been guilty of peculation—had been pardoned. CANADA. ARRIVAL OF THE ANGLO-SAXON. LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY. This afternoon the Canadian Royal mail steam ship Anglo-Saxon, Captain Borland, arrived in the Mersey, from Quebec, with the usual Canadian mails. The Anglo-Saxon sailed from Quebec on the 11th inst., and has brought 140 passengers, but no specie. Off Belleisle, on the morning of the 14th, the Anglo-Saxon passed several icebergs. The political and s ocial news by this arrival is unimportant. QUEBEC, SEPT. 11. Although most of the timber that was destined for this market has arrived considerably early, and shows a great falling off in white fir, especially from what was measured last year, there is still the same dulness and apathy in the market that has been apparent since the latter end of June, and we cannot give any encouragement to holders unless a change takes place for the better in England, or unless our full float be larger than is anticipated. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, SEPT. 10. Stocks are dull and heavy. Money very heavy, and offered on call at 30 days at 4 per cent., ana at 4 to 6 for short first-class paper. In sterling exchange there is very little doing, and quotations are mostly nominal. Cotton firm. Sales, 1,000 bales; Mid. Upland, 131 c. Flour heavy, and States and Western sc. lower. Wheat le. to 2c. lower. Corn more active and firmer. Beef drooping, pork steady, bacon quiet and unchangod, lard steady, by the barrel 11c. to 12c. Freights a shade firmer. Cotton Is., flour 9d., and grain 3d. to 4d. to Liverpool. i POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. This place has undergone a complete reformation. It has been restored to the uses for which it was originally intended. In the place of exhibitions of a character with which science had nothing what ever to do, lectures are now delivered by competent professors upon almost all subjects connected with natural philosophy, and upon the most important discoveries of the present day. At the same time, that the attractions may be varied, the science of music is illustrated by the lectures of Mr. Thorpe Peed, in a manner which unites information with amusement ; and many minor improvements have been adopted. The arrangement of the models has been classified, and notices of their purposes speci ally affixed to them. There are also lectures, at a low rate of charge, for the operative classes, of which they will do well to avail themselves. That the alterations in the management have been pro perly appreciated, may be concluded from the fact of s much t o sa i t n t o e r n e numerous aingthega a n n e d r m ie u s ch an m d o l r ec e t respectable . roomvis than for some time past. RA.RBOURS OF REFUGE. The commissioners appointed to take evidence on the subject of harbours of refuge, met again in the Sessions-house, Liverpool, on Monday, Rear-Admi ral Hope presiding as chief commissioner. The other members of the commission . present were Major-General Sir F. Smith, Mr. Lindsay, M.P., and Captain Sullivan, R.N. Mr. William Dansou handed up to the commis sioners a report on the subject of breakwaters for the protection of the commercial marine. The Chief Commissioner said the report would be considered in London, and if further information were required, the commissioners would write him on the subject. Captain Arthur Hawkins, who was next exa mined, stated that his occupation had bee' that of a master mariner for the last 1.7 years ; and he had always served on board sailing vessels, and chiefly in the North American and State trade. He thought a harbour of refuge in the North Channel would be of great advantage to the Liverpool trade, as many ships would go that way in preference to taking the South Channel, and also in return. He would recommend this harbour of refuge to be placed near Port Rush or the Skerries. He had commanded vessels of about 1,000 tons, and for vessels of that kind it was very necessary to have a harbour of refuge in stress of weather. He had made 15 or 20 voyages in the north channel, but he never had to run into any of the harbours of refuge. A harbour at the Skerries would be a good place of call for orders to the Liverpool trade. Ile could not speak as to a harbour of refuge at Land's End. The harbour at Waterford wou ld be an excellent refuge,har bourof To Sir Frederick S mi th — More harbours of re- fur w ere necessary for the safety of life • many ships had been lost for t he want of them. He had if the harbour were deepened ; also the harbour Carlingford. found difficulty in navigating the Pentland Frith. The harbour of Lough Foyle was not so easily taken, especially at night time ; but, under the same circumstances, a ship might make to the Skerries, if a harbour of refuge was established there. There was a. considerable traffic by the north channel, and it would be much more used if there were a harbour of refuge a* the Skerries. To Mr. Lindsay—He would not run for the Skerries in a north-east gale ; and , the most dangerous winds there were from the north-east He thought a shelter might be found there in a north-east gale ; at least, though the wind were blowing into the harbour, a master mariner would rather run into the harbour than run against the rocks. If the harbour were properly con structed, it would be safe anchorage in a north east-gale. To Captain. Sullivan—With a south-west wind no works could make the Skerries more safe than at present. Such a wind would be off the land. Mr. Graves, who was next examined, stated that he was chairman of th&Shipowners'Association and the Marine Board. He had been connected with the shipping interest of Liverpool for 12 years. He was acquainted with the subject of this inquiry. He had read the report of the committee of the House of Commons on the subject, and it was quite impossible to read that report without coming to the conclusion that the harbours of refuge would greatly tend to the preservation of life, especially on the east coast of England. He thought that they would greatly tend also to the protection of pro perty. The greater security of property would tend to lower the rate of insurance on vessels. Theseharbours of refuge would operate as auxiliary ports of, call; but he could not conceive that they would be used as primary ports of call. It was not so much for inward bound as for outward bound vessels that these places would be useful. He could not give an opinion as to the best site for a harbour of refuge on the north-east coast of Scotland. The Chief Commissioner—What is your opinion as to a harbour of refuge on the north coast of Ireland ? Mr. Graves said he thought if a harbour of refuge could be formed at the Skerries, at a moderate cost, free of access at all times, that it would induce many masters, epecially those engaged in the North American trade, to take a northern passage, in the spring of the year more especially, as the distance would, be shortened by about 500 or 600 miles. But he would suggest, in order to give the commissioners the best information that could be had as respected this subject, that the evidence taken before the com missioners should be placed before the Liverpool Shipowners' Association and other commercial asso ciations, who would consider the subject, and would be able to give a much better opinion than he could on the matter. The subject had been very shortly considered, for the notice given had been very brief, and the question was a very large one. The shipowners of Liverpool had no wish to recom mend any expenditure not ',absolutely warranted, and therefore suggested that before the commis sioners caused their, report to issue, the mercantile associations of Liverpool should be favoured with the minutes of the evidence taken, and that with those minutes, added to their own experiences of the wants of the shipping of the port, they might be of use to the honourable commissioners. The Chief Commissioner, after consulting with the other commissioners, said he would not fail to bring the suggesiion under the, notice of the com missioners at their next full meeting. Sir F. Smith thought the public journals would give enough of the proceedings to enable the asso ciations in town to discuss the subject. In answer to Sir F. Smith, Mr. Graves said it was the habit of great shipowners in Liverpool to insure their ships, and the construction of harbours of refuge would have a tendency to • diminish the premiums. Shipowners would object to the con struction of harbours of re f uge f or th e sa f e t y o f life, if they were to be taxed further. In that re spect tl:q question was purely a national, and not a commercial one. Harbours of refuge for the safety of property was also a national matter, and ship owners would object to a further passing toll. The great majority of Liverpool vessels were well found, and therefore needed no harbours of refuge ; but there were others ill found and disabled in the Channel, and to them harbours of refuge would be very useful. Most of the wrecks in the Channel had arisen from ignorance of the currents, bad look-outs, and neglect of the use of the lead. To Mr. Lindsay—One of the greatest advantages of harbours of refuge would be that they would reduce the loss by collision. A great amount of loss in the Channel arose from collisions. He thought a more uniform system of buoying the rivers and harbours would be of advantage, as would also a uniformity of coast and harbour lights. He was afraid the new system laid down by the Admiralty would tend materially to increase the loss of life and property, unless all nations would agree to conform. Harbours of refuge were more required for small craft than for large vessels. Fair way lights in the Channel would be most service able. The committee of the Shipowners' Associa tion were of opinion that harbours of refuge would be desirable, speaking of their own locality ; but not so desirable to them as to lead them to say that rather than be without them, they would pay a passing toll. Mr. Lindsay—Then you do not think them so desirable as that you would pay a passing toll for them ? Mr. Graves—We would steadfastly oppose the levying of any passing toll whatever for a harbour of refuge. We consider that already we are more highly taxed than some of our neighbours with whom we have to compete. Mr. Lindsay—Then your opinion is that these are national objects for the national good, and that therefore they should be constructed and maintained solely at the cost of the nation Mr. Graves—Q u it e so . I don't sec that it admits of any other point o f v i ew in the present day. Mr. Langton, i nsurance .b ro ker, of Liverpool, had been connected with the port ten or eleven years. He had had the question before the committee of the UnderwritersT Association, incidentally, some time ago. Generally they considered harbours of refuge would b e very advantageous as a protection to their interests, and likewise for the protect ion of life and propert y . Natura ll y w h a t protected life and property w ou ld b e a protec ti on t o the interest of the underwrit 9r. It woul d be very difficult to say what effect harbours of refuge would ha ve on the premiums o f i nsurance, w hi c h were already very low. As t o a harbour at Wick, in the north of Scotland, th ey cons i dere d it wo uld be very ad vantageous, and i n d ee d necessa ry, fall of the y ear , t o h ave some s afe place there for vessels- from the Balti c . especially in the To Sir F. Smith—Had heard Mr. Graves's evi dence, which he thought concurred with the gene ral impression in Liverpool. It was a fact that some ships left port with their crews in an impro per state, and losses occurred in consequence. The Tay lour was lost, it was s aid, in consequence of the drunken crew, and all emigrant ships remained now in the river at least a day as a preventive of that sort of thing, bear the expenses Would rather not discuss the question whethe r th e C ons olidated Fund only should of harbours of refuge. Did not think that the establi s hment of harbours of refuge would diminish th e prem i ums o f insurance. To Mr. Lindsay—lndirectly the public would get the benefit of the harbour of refuge, and there fore he was rather inclined to think that the charges should be borne by the Consolidated Fund. They did not charge a higher rate of insurance when a ship went through the Pentland Frith to the Baltic. Very little was done to the Baltic from Liverpool now. At one time there was a very great trade done, but now, with the exception of bulky goads, the trade passed by rail over to Hull and the East Coast, and thence by steamer. There was in that way a great saving in time and expense of the transit of goods. He wished to observe that the Underwriters of Liverpool were of opinion that another light should be put up in Cardigan Bay, between the Bishops and Bardsey, where there was a distance of 60 miles unprotected, and at present no guide to Studwell Roads, which in themselves were an excellent harbour of refuge. Mr. A. Corkhill, shipowner and ship agent, Liverpool, said his vessels traded to the north and north-east coast of Scotland. He believed that a harbour of refuge at Wick was indispensably necessary, owing to the great local trade during the fishinc , season, and also to the considerable passing trade from and to the Baltic. He had conversed with masters of vessels on the subject, and he had learned from them that a harbour at Wick was necessary. To Sir F. Smith—Even if it should be con sidered that Wick was not a desirable site for a harbour for the passing trade, yet, as a harbour for the fishing trade, he thought it exceedingly de sirable that the nation should construct a harbour there. Many vessels dare not leave Wick, because in case of a storm, there would be a crush of vessels and a loss of life. If these vessels went out to sea, there would be an increase in the catch of fish, which was a national matter, because the poor would have a larger supply of food ; and a hardy race of seamen would also be raised up, from which the royal navy would be recruited. To Mr. Lindsay—He thought a harbour at Peterhead was necessary ; and that at the Skerries one would be desirable. He did not see the necessity of a harbour at the Isle of Man. Mr. James Mondel, one of the members of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, and a shipowner, said he had been connected with the port of Liver pool 32 years. He thought harbours of refuge were desirable at points were experience had shown that there were great losses. He was decidedly opposed to passing tolls for harbours of refuge, be cause they would be established principally for the saving of life; and it being a national object, the shipowner should not be called on to pay for its execution. He thought it an anomaly that Liver pool shipowners—Liverpool being a neighbourhood where the losses were few—should be called on to contribute to a harbour of refuge on the east coast, where the losses were many. To Mr. Lindsay—He did not think that if a charge were made for entering a harbour of refuge, it would defeat the object that the commissioners had in view—the saving of life and property. He thought that a harbour of refuge about Douglas Bay would facilitate very much the commerce of Liverpool. He would point out the north of Liver pool up to the Pentland Frith, where there was no harbour of refuge for a ship that missed the Mersey. He thought a harbour at Douglas would be of more advantage to Liverpool than one at Portrush. His belief was, that it would be a great advantage to the country generally if the harbours of Carling ford and Waterford were improved and deepened. To the Chief Commissioner—There was an ex cellent observatory at Liverpool, and the Commis sioners could, if they liked, be furnished with a tabulated statement of the direction and force of the winds. Captain William Clarke bad been at sea 45 years, and had been upwards of 30 years a master. Had frequently anchored in, and passed through, the Skerries, during very bad weather. If a break water were prepared at the Skerries, he could shut up the Broad Sound, so that there would be two entrances, and it would be perfectly safe even in a north-west wind. To Captain Sullivan—ln north-east gales, the Skerries were as safe now as they would be if the proposed breakwater were constructed. To the Chief Commissioner—He considered a har bour at Wexford would be very desirable. This was_the whole of the evidence, and the sit ting closed. TILE NAVY. The Archer, 13, screw sloop, Capt. J. Sanderson, is to go out of Portsmouth harbour on Friday, and will anchor at Spithead to take in her powder and :hell and to wait further orders. The Windsor Castle, 116, from Pembroke, arrived in Plymouth Sound on Monday. Orders have been received at Plymouth to pre pare the Endymion, Hamadryad, and Nemesis for hospital ships ; the two former for Liverpool, the latter for the Clyde. Large supplies of iron guns continue to be re ceived at Woolwich from the contractors' works. Yesterday 21 of the heaviest calibre were landed at the Royal Arsenal by the Contest, from the Low moor foundry. Her Majesty's iron paddlewheel steam vessel Bloodhound was yesterday docked at Woolwich, to be cleaned down and to be coated with the patent composition recently adopted as a preservative of both iron and wooden vessels against rust and worm. The gunboats Ruby and Sandily were yesterday undocked at Woolwich and were hauled into basin. The Admiralty yacht Black Eagle has arrived at Wosiwich from Portsmouth. In compliance with the circular from the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, directing the cap tain superintendent to forward to the Admiralty the names, services, &c., of all officers and clerks, arti ficers and workmen, attaining the age of 70 years, now employed in the dockyard at Chatham, the following names were sent up this day for super annuation :—Mr. J. Kluth, leading man of the rig gers, who has been 45 years in the yard ; Mr. W. Edgcumbe, master rigger ; Mr. Burton, master ropemaker ; Mr. Cheeseman, foreman of the mast home ; Mr. Smith, master painter ; Mr. Sturgeon, leading man of the boat-house. Charles Pope, Esq., master attendant, retires on Nov. 1, on a pension of 12s. 6d. per day. He was appointod master atten dant at this yard on Nov. 5, 1853. It appears by recent advices from Vancouver's Island that Governor Douglas, taking into conside ration the high prices of the necessaries of life, and to prevent the crews of her Majesty's ships being tempted by the gold mania to desert their salt, has most generously, and it is Thought wisely, taken upon himself (subject to the approval of the home government) to double the pay of all the officers, seamen, and marines of the Royal navy employed upon the shores of British Columbia. This is only right and just, and need be no additional burden on the resources of the mother country, as the double pay in the shape of colonial allowance can with propriety be charged to the revenue arising from the duties, &c., of British Columbia. The services of her Majesty's ships just at this time must be most valuable, and the employment trying and severe. There is a perfect exodus from California, and at this time private letters estimate some 50,000 emigrants in British territory, 20,000 in Vancouver's Island, waiting for the waters of Frazer River to fall. THE ARMY. Sir E. Lugard arrived at Teignmouth from India on Friday. The gallant general, who is in excel lent health and spin ts, considering the great f a ti gue and onerous and difficult duties which his l a t e com mand in India imposed upon him, paid a short visit to his relatives at Exeter on Monday, a n d returned to Teignmouth with his wife and family the same afternoon. --- Orders were yesterday issued from the Horse Guards to the effect that the authorities had deter mined on sending about 2,000 additional troops to India during the ensuing month, the number se lected for each presidency being as follows—viz., Calcutta, 1,056 men, selected from various cavalry and infantry regiments, 786 of whom are to embark at Gravesend on the 6th of Oct., and 270 from Cork on the 9th of Oct. ; for Madras, 310 men, 176 to embark at Gravesend, and the remainder at Cork, on the Bth of Oct. ; for Bombay, 300 men, to em bark at Gravesend on the 7th of Oct., mid 90 men for Kurrachee, to embark from the same place. Vessels will be taken up by the Council of India for the conveyance of the reinforcements, on Friday next, at the East India House. For several days past a party of non-commissioned officers of the Royal Engineers, from Chatham have been engaged at the London Docks in superintend ing the embarkation of stores on board the Thames City, the vessel which conveys the expedition of Royal Sappers and Miners to British Columbia. The most ample care has been taken by the autho rities to provide for the comfort and health of the men. It is intended to lay down a railroad in British Columbia, in order to facilitate the opera tions of the Royal Engineers : and a sufficient quantity of iron has been put on board to make several miles of railway. It is also intended to erect a church in the new colony, the works of which will be executed by the Royal Engineers, and a party of non-commissioned officers have been sent from Brompton barracks to Erith Church for the purpose of making a working plan of that structure. The expedition is under orders to leave Chatham this morning, the whole force numbering 135 non-commissioned officers and men, under the command of Col. R. C. Moody, Capt. J. M. Grant, Capt. IL It. Luard, Lieut. A. R. Lempriere, and Lieut. H. S. Palmer. Two detachments, both in charge of officers, have already proceeded to British Columbia by the overland route, and will join the remainder of the expedition on their arrival. The Lady Jocelyn screw steamer, Capt. Bird, em barked the officers and men of the 99th Regt. at the dockyard jetty, Portsmouth, on Monday, for Cal cutta. Yesterday morning, at high water, the Lady Jocelyn proceeded to Spithead, and after taking in her ammunition, &c., immediately left for her desti nation. Both the Lady Jocelyn and her sister ship the Calcutta are fitted with Stevens s patent air furnace doors. THE CHINESE TREATY. Lord Elgin has done his work, so well, he has succeeded so thoroughly against open foes, against treacherous mediators, against timid coadjutors, and against the grave infirmity of a Government pledged to a passive endurance of Chinese insolence, that he is now a fair mark for criticism. There was a time when he required the full force of public opinion to help him to something like an equality with his onsetters and backsliders, and we gave him that support fairly and fully. We should have thought it a crime against the public good to carp too cap tiously at any small detail of his policy. Now, how ever, the case is entirely altered. We know enough of the treaty of Tien-sin, and of the difficulties that were necessary to be surmounted in order to its attainment, to be able broadly to determine that Lord Elgin has proved himself fully equal to his Canadian reputation, and entitled to any honours which have been customarily bestowed upon diplo matists who have rendered important service to their country. Thus far we give to Lord Elgin only strictly meted justice. But the fact being now accomplished with, we believe, a general ac claim of praise, any necessity for special support from the voice of the public ceases, and we may cri ticise the details of the Tien-sin treaty when it be comes 'public, or we may remark upon the minor points of Lord Elgin's policy, without any further fear that we may be playing into the hands of those who might use our criticisms for the purpose of a captious and un-English policy. Among the very few subjects connected with this Embassy respecting which we have hitherto held an advised silence stands Lord Elgin's policy with respect to Canton after its capture. After the taking of that city he restored the government to the Chinese officials ; he faltered in the ceremony by which this act was accomplished, and he accompa nied the re-installation by a speech wherein he pledged his Government to restore the city to the Chinese Emperor as soon as peace had been re-esta blished. We thought at the time—and the event has but too surely confirmed our judgment—that in this course of policy Lord Elgin was too _ much swayed by his Sinologue advisers—honest, able, and most valuable men, but warped in all such matters by the errors of their education. He has learnt better since, and perhaps they have learnt better since ; but it was only men who had never put on the trammels of Chinese ceremonial who could then see that to retain the machinery of Chinese govern ment in a captured city, and to proclaim to the population that our occupation was only temporary, was to leave our enemies completely organised for hostility, and to warn the population that they must not offend their Mandarins by any adherence to their merely temporary captors. The proper course would have been to sweep away every Chinese authority, and to govern Canton as a cap tured city by a merely military tribunal. The re sult of the opposite policy may be seen in every account which now reaches us from that city. A. war of assassination has been declared by the Man darins, and has been taken up by the people. The " gentry of the province of Quantung" issue pro clamations offering rewards for the heads of all foreigners, recalling the disbanded Tartar soldiers to their duty, prescribing schemes for the enlistment of braves, denouncing fire and torture against all who shall fail to join in the crusade against the foreigners, and predicting the moment of the ex termination of the barbarians. These are no mere idle words. A Chinaman will do anything for money, and to gain the rewards offered there are thousands of Chinamen who prowl about every night to surprise any straggling European and shoot him or stab him from behind a lurking-place. Among those who have thus fallen none is more regretted than Dr. Turnbull, whose intrepid hu manity had saved hundreds of wounded Chinamen from death, and whose great medical skill and cheerful constancy had endeared him to the whole force. He is only one of the victims whose heads and hands have been taken as barbarous trophies to the " gentry of Quantung" and paid for by these cowardly wretches from the money which the captors of Canton spared when they took the city. These " gentry of Quantung" are the people who have been the special objects of our mercy. Living principally in the western suburb they have been untouched by our fire and unmolested by our troops. They are not what we should call gentry ; they are not landed proprietors and mem bers of professions, for such classes scarcely exist in China. They are graduates waiting for place, or placemen retired to pass the appointed period of mourning for the death of a father, or enjoying a recess, or retired to their own native place after resignation or dismissal. These are all people especially under the control of the higher Man darins and the Court of Pekin. They were suffi ciently known to be obnoxious to arrest, and suffi ciently influential to be most useful as hostages. What they have done has been done at the insti gation of the Commissioner sent down by the Court of Pekin, and by means of the influence which, as we believe, was not wisely left in their hands. Instead of coaxing this class, we should have con fined them as hostages, or expelled them as enemies. There was no probability that they could ever be friendly to a force which was avowedly not a permanent power, while there was a certainty that they had all the power to be dangerous. But if there was in this respect a declination from the general ability which has characterised Lord Elgin's conduct in this matter, something must be allowed for the unaccountable imbecility of the General left in command. We are, of course, aware that when any man of a certain rank is censured for his public conduct, every one that wears a red coat thinks it a point of duty to assure the world that the officer criticised is a Caesar, a Napoleon, and a Wellington all rolled into one. We care nothing for this ; but we hare great regret in speaking depreciatory words of General Straubenzee, because he was a man of whom high hopes were entertained, who was an excellent regimental officer, and who did his work at the taking of Canton, if not with egregious ability, yet with success. All that his best friends could say for him has been said in our columns, and we do not willingly take back praise given, or confess to a disappointment in the work of a man who doubtless does his best accord ing to his judgment. But it is impossible to hold out against the concurrent testimony from Canton, that the General in command is not equal to the not very special exigencies of his position. He is actually besieged by this miserable mob,—he has come back defeated from the only expedition he has undertaken, he loses his men by sickness and assassination, and he strikes no blow. He seems to live like an oyster in its shell, occupied only in adding layer upon layer to its fortification from outward assaults. If we had had there a man of quick enterprise the vices which lay at the bottom of the system extemporised by Lord Elgin might have been kept from germinating. By rapid and well -concerted movements he might have paralysed the operations of those Mandarins who issue their commands not only through the city of Canton, but also through our city of Victoria. It was long ago pointed out to us that we should have no rest until we had made some severe examples of the petty Mandarins who call back the servants and invaders of Hong Kong to their villages whenever they find it to their interest to do so, and who tx them while thdy remain in our service. Every paper we receive from Giese- dependencies shows that the evil is now grown up to harvest height. We want a quickwitted energetic man there who knows his own mind, who can inspire confidence into his staff, and feel confidence in them. We cannot expect much from a general who, when sur rounded by a staff of almost the best officers the service could supply, either forced them from him in disgust, or detained them in despair. But, although these shortcomings have darkened our campaign in China, we are not prepared to endorse the lugubrious stories that come to us thence through their press. Every petty depen dency naturally believes that it is e only impor tant child which England has, and that its danger is always mortal. All we see at Cant on comes from above, and not from below. It all ema na t es from the Court of Pekin, as represented by Hwang. If the Imperial counsels are for peace, and if the Emperor T purpose to fulfil the T rea t y of a in shall hear no more of th ese attacks is really from braves, and, perhaps, we shall hear no m ore en-si w e Tien-sin, , of assassinations. Hwang is now pursuing the traditional Chinese policy against " rebellious" foreigners. If General Straubenzee would take him and hang him it would be a very good exam ple your encourager les autres Chinese Mandarins who offer rewards for Englishmen's heads, but we are confident that this will all cease as soon as the instructions from Pekin arrive at Canton. If • this should not so happen, we now thoroughly under stand that, although we must punish the Cantonese, the proper road to redress is by the waterway of the Peiho.—Times. PRICE OF GOLD. —The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par : and the s h or t exchange on London the English Mi n t is 20'171 per £l. sterlinF. On comp ar i ng these rates with price of £3 17s. 101 d. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold i s a t a b ou t t h e same price in London and Paris. By advi ces f rom H am b urg e price of gold is 4271 per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13.7 per £1 sterling. Standard gold the English Mi n t pr i ce is therefore about 3-10ths per cent. dearer in London than in Hamburg. The course of ex change at Nov York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is 1091 to 1091- per cent., which, when compared with the Mint par between the two countries, shows that the ex change is slightly in fal;our of England ; and, after making allowance for charges of transport and difference of interest, the present rate leaves a small profit on the im portation of gold from the United States. LITERATURE. Gunnery in 1858: being a Treatise on Byies, Cannon, and Sporting Arms. By W. Greener, C.E., author of " The Gun," &e. Smith and Elder. This work commends itself to the attentio n o f a ll connected with the selection or improvement of the means of military warfare. The author, besides having written previous treatises, is the inventor of the expansive principle as applied to the Miuie and Enfield rifles, and his work deserves the considera tion of all concerned in the advance and improve ment of gunnery, as the production of one who has evidently studied the subject and examined it upon scientific principles. He laments the system, so prevalent among us, of placing men in official pasi tions without any regard to their capacity, and the consequent reluctance to encourage talent, or to pay any attention to troublesome inventors. The long routine of forms which the inventor is made to un dergo, and the knowledge that, if a trial is granted, the judges will very probably be inefficient or inex perienced, are sufficient to deter the most sanguine and persevering individual. While the present system is maintained, the author says with truth, that England must be behind other countries in gunnery, as improvements in cannon and projec tiles cannot be carried o u t by p r i va t e enterprise. He remarks that in thus censuring the manner in which impediments are placed in the way of pro gress he is animated by no personal feeling, as his invention of the expansive bullet has been adopted, here after being copied in France. He is only desirous of turning public attention to the subject, and compares our method with that of the French Emperor, who investigates and adopts all inventions of value connected with gunnery, with the theory and practice of which he is well acquainted. Mr. Greener views his subject on every side; he traces its history and gradual develop ment, he gives an elaborate account of the manu facture of guns, and the principles on which it should be founded ; he describes the peculisr pro perties possessed by the different weapons, and illustrates his observations with accounts of prac tical experiments and numerous engravings. At the present time, when the means and appliances of warfare have unhappily become of such imme diate importance, much interest is felt in all relat ing to the more efficient equipment of our troops. We trust the attention of those in authority will be turned to the consideration and adoption of im provements in every department. A work like the present, thoroughly examining and explaining a subject on scientific principles, will, however, be always of value. We quote the following passage relating to the manufacture of gunpowder, a subject of more general interest than the more technical por tions :—" The inhabitants of India were unquestion ably acquainted with its composition at an early date. Alexander is supposed to have avoided attacking the Oxydracea, a people dwelling between the Hyphasis and Ganges, from a report of their being possessed of supernatural means of defence." "For, it is said, " they come not out to fight those who attack them, but these holy men, beloved of the gods, overthrow their enemies with tempests and thunderbolts shot from their walls ;" and when the Egyptian Hercules and Bacchus overran India, they attacked these people, " but were repulsed with storms of thunderbolts and lightning, hurled from above." This is, no doubt, evidence of the use of gunpowder ; but, as it is unprofitable to investigate this subject further, we shall merely confine ourselves to the European authorities. Many ascribe the discovery of gunpowder to Roger Bacon, the monk, who was born at Ilchester ' in Somersetshire, in the year 1214, a nd i s sa id t o have died in 1285. No doubt he was by far the most illustrious, the best informed, and the most philo sophical of all the alchemists. In the 6th chapter of his '" Epistles of the Secrets of Arts," the following passage occurs :—" For sounds like thunder, and flashes like lightning, may be made in the air, and they may be rendered even more horrible than those of nature herself. A small quantity of mat ter, properly manufactured, and not larger than the human thumb, may be made to produce a hor rible noise ; and this may be done many, ways, by which a city or an army may be destroyed, as was the case when Gideon and his men broke their pitchers and exhibited their lamps, fire issuing out of them with great force and noise, destroying an infinite number of the army of the Midianites." And in the 11 th chapter of the same epistle occurs the fol lowing passage :—" Mix together saltpetre with Berri none cap übre and sulphur, and you will make thunder and lightning, if you know the method of mixing them." Here all the ingredients of gun powder are mentioned, except charcoal, which is doubtless concealed under the barbarous terms used, —indeed, the anagram is easily converted into carbonum pulvere; with a little attention. This discovery has also been attributed to Schwartz, a German monk, and the date of 1320 affixed to it—a date posterior to that which may be justly claimed for Friar Bacon. Mr. Hallam, referring to the authority of an Arabic author, infers that there is no question that the knowledge of gunpowder was introduced into Europe by means of the Sara cens before the middle of the 13th century; and no doubt its use then was more for fireworks than as an artillerist projectile force. There is good evi dence, too, that the use of gunp ow d er was intro duced into Spain by the Moors at least as early as the year 1343. Now, as Roger Bacon is known to have been an Arabic scholar, it is not at all unlikely that he might have become acquainted with the mode of making the composition, and also with its most remarkable properties, by perusing some Arabian writer with whom we are at present un acquainted. THE MAYOR OF MELBOURNE.—Sir aohn Ratcliff' Mayor of Birmingham, has invited Mr. Smith, Mayor of Melbounie, who is now in this country, to dine with him and the other members of the town council. The invitation haS been accepted, but the day is not yet fixed. HAVELOCK'S FORCE AT LUCKNOW.—" We are now placed upon reduced rations, limited to two scanty meals a day, barely sufficient to support existence, 'without allaying hunger ; nor had we any stimulants whatsoever, with the exception of tea, which was attainable only to a few. Meantime, the adverse batteries continued to play upon It* with little intermission. Throughout the night we were dis turbed by the fire of small arms, together with shouting and the shrill discordant sound of native music, all close to our entrenchments. Such disturbance effectually banished sleep, and kept us quite on the qui rive lost the apparently impending attack should be made and find us unprepared. Nor was this the only mode of torment de vised for us by the fiendish temper of our foe, ingenious ill petty malice. Knowing how straitened we were for foal on several occasions, they hoisted cakes on the ends of long poles, high above the wall which separated us from them— taunting us with our destitution, and predicting how many " En y y s lis h O w e had jic eryeint t o H Z. BOAT ACCIDENT.-0n Saturday night an acci . "—Major North's Journal of an dent of rather a serious nature. which nearly proved fatal off t he William Beattie, i ß e, ur4t r - . engaged a boat for a pleasure sail, ‘th r n , d i ra t e:Y b a 'e toan ir f r atd g bhoA t e h uiPr e t ' art ir Tn i m7h n ' t oe e so n .co t eT i u f ; Ik o . return to Burntisland before it was dark. On the way, however, they were detained, and at a certain point of their route two more—Jas. Tillie and John Wylie, youths of about 14 years —were taken into the boat. By this time it was dark, and in coasting along the shore, at a distance of about 2011 yards from it, a proposal was made to allow two better rowers to take the oars, the object being to get sooner home. In changing places for this purpose the boat was capsized and immediately filled with water and sank: Out of the five contained in it two were good swimmers, one could swim a little, and the other two. —Beattie and W3rllie—could not swim at all. 011 the boat king down Wyllie seized hold of M'Kay, placed his arms round his neck, and there held on, positively refusing to let. go ; the latter had therefore no alternative but to set out. for the shore so loaded, and although about to give way several times he contrived to reach it in safety. Tillie fol lowed off in the wake of his younger brother, who could. swim a little, exhorting him continually to take it easy, and. they also reached the shore in safety. All were thoroughly exhausted, and, with the exception of Mr. Thomas Tillie, were taken to a house, where they were kindly treated. In the meantime Beattie was hanging on by the boat, calling loudly for help ; and the only serviceable one of the party set off to the shed where the boats are kept, broke open the door, and by the assistance of two other young men sue , ceeded in launching a boat. But after it was in tlitt water there was great i difficulty experienced in ficottint oars, and great er difficulty still n getting thowl-pins, " which, in the lo ng run, only three were obtained. The two persons who had assisted in launching the boat, on being solicited to man it, most unaccountably refused. Mr. Tillie, without any hesitation, transferred the thowl-pins to suit one rower, and when in the act of setting off to the rescue of his comrade alone, two other young men arrived—one in. his shirt4eeves—who volunteered to relieve him. The offer was gladly accepted, Mr. Beattie was safely landed, and, strange to say, is less the worse for the adventure them any other of the party. The escape of those who swam ashore is attributed to the circumstance of the moon, which was shining at the time, having cast a shadow of the Law merlaws some 20 or 30 yards out upon the water. They fancied the shadow was the shore, o r , i n all probability, ha d they known it was not, and that they had to swim some 20 or 30 yards further, some of them would have lost heart and gone down.—Daily Scotsman. VICTOR HUGO.—A new volume of poems by this distinguished author is said to be on the eve of completioil• It is to be entitled "Les Petites Epopees." The c?pyriP of the first edition h as b een di sposed of to a Parisian Vim for a very handsome sum. In the course of next year it is expected that M. Hugo's long talked-of romance, to be en titled "Les Miserables," will be finished. M. Hugo's two sons, who share their father's exile in Guernsey, are both engaged in literary pursuits—the younger is engaged on * French translation of Shakspeare, whose poems he lias already translated with some success. The first message sent from Jersey to Guernsey by the submarine telegraph laid down a few days ago was a greeting to th e poet from his Jersey friends. M. Hugo transmitted in reply the fol., lowing verse from his " Chatiments," published some foiM' years ago : " L'hymen des nations s'accomplit ; passions, Int4rets, mceurs et lois, le revolutions, Par qui le ewur humain gormo et change de formes, Paris, Londres, New York, ces continents enormes Ont our lien un fil qui tremble au fond des mom Une - force inconnue, emprunttle aux eclairs, Bravant l'ecueil, les vents, l ea vagues cleb,orcl4esk 404 au cs:/3149t dg tictts I@ eciatuit des Wes." ....... iii.( TI slam the t tary past, term whic' exces reek]: these plies, trial recto] King ineipi been when the of about the ei crease operas meats amow Bank, tors 11 on acc tax. Was a In ratel3 Cents 4 per Peru , 761-; per Jo very TAIL( have 3 par New Indif Dittc Dittc Dittc Dittc Dittc Cone Excl Ditto Ditto Bue; Di tiles Pen Fort Bus Spal Tur Per Rol An Bn Ha Pal Ca Bo MI Ea