The Sun. — London, England, 1858-10-23 00:00:00

LORD 1. RUSSELL AT MANCHESTER. A soiree was given on Thursday evening, in the Free-trade Hall, Manchester, by the directors of the Athenaeum, at which more than 2000 were present, many of them being ladies. The body of the hall and the sides of the gallery were well filled, the end of the ,gallery being occupied by the fine band of the 22d R eg i m ent, who played before the com mencement of, and at intervals during, the proceed- ings of the evening. Shortly after 7 o'clock Lord Stanley of Alderley took the chair amidst loud cheerin b rr, continued as the distinguished guests by whom his lordship was supported took their seats. Besides Lord J. Russell, the Hon. Judge Haliburton, Professor Aytoun, Sir J. Brooke, Mr. It. M. Milnes, M.P. ; 31r. W. M. Massey, M.P. ; Me. J. Kershaw, M.P. ; Mr. Wm. Brown, M.P. ; Mr. John Cheetham, MP. ; Mr. J. P. Brown-Westhead,of Edinburgh ; Mr. G. Cruikshank, the following gentlemen were upon or near the platform :—Ad miral Smyth, Colonels Wilbraham, M'Mahon, Bond, Servante, Hodges, Kennedy ; Mr. I. Mackie, Mayor of Manchester; Mr. W. Harvey, Mayor of Salford ; Rev. Dr. Petrulias, Alderman Sir E. Ar mitage, President of the Institution ; Sir J. Watts, Neils, Watkins, Willert, Clark, Heywood ; Mr. T. Wright, the Prison Philanthropist : W. Fairbairn, F.R.S. ; T. Bazley, 0. Heywood, S. Brooks, M. Ross, A. Schwabe, H. P. Ree, J. Reid, W. It. Wood, T. Clegg, T. Barge, jun., J. Crossley, 1. Heron 5 the Belgian Consul (Mr. Kissel) ; the Very Rev. the Dean of Manchester, the Hon. and Rev Mr. Byng, the Rev. Mr. Birch, the Mayor of Ashton, Sir J, L. Bardsley, M.D., Lieut. Sturt, Messrs. J. Ads head, C. J. S. Walker ; Capt. Palin, Messrs. J. D. Mackenzie, C. Swallow, W. W. Goulden, R. P. Willock, I. Gregory, and Dr. Hudson, Secretary to the Institution. The Noble CHAIRMAN said he supposed it was on account of his having been intimately con nected with this community that he had been asked to preside when his audience had invited to meet them that most distinguished individual, his noble friend, who sat beside him—(applause)—to show him what Manchester had done, and was doing, in the cause of education and the improve ment of the people, in which cause Lord J. Russell had so long and so effectively been a conspicuous labourer. As no one could have taken up a news paper for the last weeks without seeing a record of proceedings to assist or promote the cause of me chanics institutions and educational associations, it was impossible that anything new could be said on the subject. He would, however, glance at what he considered a distinguishing mark of the Manchester Athenaeum. It was the first association of the kind which recognised the propriety of educating the people by means of attractive literature, by consult ing their tastes and interests, and not by cramming philosophy and hard sciences into them ; and by provifling them with good and useful books, and above all with newspapers. (Hear, hear.) It had been said that newspapers should not be introduced into such associations. But newspapers contained the history of the day, the record of judicial pro ceedings, the debates in Parliament, and showed every man the conduct of each public individual, so that he might know in whom he might confide. It was necessary that newspapers should be perused by every one who wished duly and properly to per form the duties of a citizen of this country. (Hear.) Besides, newspapers occupied a sphere of literature formerly held by very different classes of publica tions. They contained reviews of books, the his tory of events, and of the policy , of other nations, stories of travels, records of discoveries, and, in short, they imparted all that everybody wished to know. (Hear, hear.) It had long been found neces sary by mechanics' institutions to speak to men rather through their feelings and tastes than to compel them to be too wise all of a sudden. It had struck him that there was great justice in the remarks of an honourable gentleman who now holds an office in the Government, Mr. Sotheron-Estcourt, who, referring to the lamenta tions of many people upon the difficulty of keep ing boys at school until they could obtain complete instruction, said he felt that it was a great evil to compel them to attend school beyond the time to which their circumstances allowed them to stay. He also said it was wrong to interfere between the employer and the employed, to prevent a boy from going to labour at the time when it was natural in his sphere of life that he should seek occupation. Mr. Sotheron-Estconrt stated that he had made a successful experiment with such boys. During the wars in the Crimea and in India he had invited the boys in his parish to meet him, either to hear a short lecture, or to listen to the reading from the newspaper, by one of their own numbr, an ac count of the proceedings at the seat of war. Tty that means he induced them voluntarily to continue their studies ; and by degrees they expressed a greater anxiety to instruct themselves. (Hear.) The funds for the erection of the Athenaeum were pro vided by the rich. It was supported by the mem bers, and it was self-governed. If, therefore, any dissatisfaction should exist with the management of such an institution it was the fault of the mem bors themselves if it continued. The time had long passed when education was considered the privi lege of the rich. It was now considered by all necessary that education should be largely ex tended. The State could not extend it much be yond that elementary instruction which gave a boy the means of prosecuting his studies hereafter. The country could not be too grateful to those ()Teat and good men who, some 30 years ago, exerted them selves to create a good and cheap literature, in the place of that which then existed, which was bad and worthless. It became now most important to take care that sound and wholesome knowledge should be put within the reach of the people, and therefore it was with the greatest satisfaction that he saw the establishment of libraries such as that connected with the Athenteum, stored with useful and nistructive books, and with works of fiction and amusement. The only caution necessary was that nothing immoral should find place upon the shelves of such libraries. (Hear.) Next to the library the most attractive feature of the Athenaeum was the newsroom, and what he had said of books was equally true of newspapers. One of the greatest benefits conferred on this country had been the abolition of the stamp upon newspapers, which he believed had enabled a good article to be substituted for a bad one. He thought he could trace during the last 40 years, as a consequence of all this extension of the education of the people, a great improvement in their conduct and condition. Their habits and man ners had improved, for the brutal sports which for merly prevailed had been nearly done away with. By acquiring knowledge the people had gained power which in times long passt only the clergy possessed—the sole depositaries of learning. Edu cation passed from the higher to the middle and lower classes, and the latter, taking advantage of their opportunity, came to possess that knowledge w hich before they were debarri_si fro .11. With that knowledge came power, and the interests and wants of those classes obtained that consideration which previously was denied to them. Concurrently with the improvement in the education of the middle and lower classes had been an improvement of the upper classes. Oxford and Cambridge had just caught the spirit, and were popularising and extending the education which they gave to the people at large. What had been the effect of this education on the community at large ? Forty years ago it was not uncommon to hear of machine-breaking, the igno rant operative regarding machines as his enemies. He had now learned that wherever machinery was introduced it led to an increased employment of those very- classes who at first thought themselves injured by the application of machinery. The events of the last 30 years had shown that those sagacious and far-sighted men who 30 years ago hoped to be able to introduce ameliorations into our laws, by the repeal of existing bad ones, or the enactment of good ones—and here he might say that the greatest improvements in our legislation had arisen from the repeal of bad laws—were right in the anticipations they then formed of the im provement of the condition of the people. At pre sent there was an extraordinary unanimity, at least in profession, as to what ought to b e th e prin ciples on which the interests of the people should be considered, and in what direction legislation should be carried. Whether this unanimity vas likely to be permanent, or only temporary, advantage should be taken of it to bring the ship of education into a safe haven, and to continue to raise the stan dard against ignorance and vice. (Hear, hear, and applause.) He now begge d to introd uce t o th e audience his noble friend, whose name was identi fied with all the ameliorations in our institutions during the last 30 years, more especially by his uni form exertions and strenuous efforts in favour of the improvement and extension of the education of the people. (Hear, hear, and applause.) Lord J. RUSSELL, as he rose, was received with cheering which continued for some minutes. When it had subsided he said—l am totally incapable of giving expression to the grateful feelings which I entertain for the reception which you have now given me. I wish, in the first place, to explain how it is that I came here, for that, it appears, is a matter that requires apology. I was asked by some gentlemen who represent you to comply with the request of the directors of the Athemeum that I would preside here and deliver an address to the members of that society. I declined that honour, thinking myself ill-fitted to give an address of the description that would be required, and not wishing to intrude myself upon your attention. But upon further representation I agreed to attend here to express my sympathy in the efforts that are making in the cause of literature and. education, and to wish you well in yo ur progress in those efforts. (Applause.) I should hale - thought that there was no great harm in such a proceeding on my part. It might give me some little trouble in coming here. It might give you the pain of hearing a tire some speech. But beyond that there seemed nothing very improper or wrong in that proceeding of mine. But I find that in a newspaper of great local circu lation, not only are you, the members of the Athe naeum, attacked, but I likewise am the subject of blame for venturing to come here to support your institution. (Shame.) I can well understand that if I had come here to inaugurate a gin palace — (laughter)—or to preach sedition against the Throne, it would have been a proper subject for censure, but I am somewhat at a loss to discover why the heavy censure of the gods should fall upon me for my at tendance on this occasion. (Laughter and applause.) There is, at least, this benefit in it—a benefit which I think we are appreciating more and more—that different parts of the country, and persons engaged in different situations in life—some political, some literary, some industrial—are induced to meet to gether, and to express goodwill and fellowship to wards each other. (Applause.) We have in this country a great deal of attachment to our private life. We boast of our affection for our homes very justly. We have not the public life which was com mon in some ancient republics, nor that sort of public life which I understand now exists in some of the United States of America. And the more we are attached to private life, to our homes, the more necessary it appears to me that we should now and then mingle together and exchange good wishes for the pursuits in which we are engaged ; and when that is a pursuit such as that of education or litera ture, in which all can take an interest, the warmer is the sympathy and the more general the concur rence of opinion. (Hear, hear.) I trust, therefore, now, even though I have not gone into a very long defence—and there are other arguments that I might use—that I stand acquitted in your eyes of doing anything wrong in presenting myself before you. (Hear, hear, and applause.) Now let me— although I am unwilling to go over ground which my noble friend in the chair has so well trodden —let us consider the purposes of the institution which we come here to support. I find in the first place that newspapers are read, next that books are taken out very largely from the library and perused by the members. 'With regard to news papers, it is quite obvious that there must always be a great interest attached to the matter contained in newspapers. Take any occasion in which we feel an interest—take the war in India. Who would not feel a warm interest in the men who were be sieging Delhi—in the brave men and. heroic women who defended Lucknow ? (Applause.) Then, if you take again any great social question—any question concerning an amendment of the law, or a further progress in sanitary improvement, who would not take an interest in any debate, whether it took place in Parliament or in Liverpool, or elsewhere, in which those subjects are discussed in a manner worthy of the occasion ? Therefore, the matter of the newspapers must always be a subject of great concern and interest to any persons who meet toge ther and have the means of reading them. But I find some people are a good deal struck with the fact, first, that the newspapers are a great object of attraction, and next, that novels and works of that description are very much read. It has been my fortune to be in the country houses of persons who, possessed of great fortunes, had magnificent libra ries. But when. I have found a party assembled in these houses of some 20 or 25 persons, I have always observed that the first object of attraction was the newspapers, and that the next was a novel ; and that out of the five-and-twenty if there were five who looked at other works, who studied his tory, or attended to works of science, it was as much as you could expect. One class, I believe, is very much like another in this respect. And in examining lending libraries, such as there are in this town, I find that the result of the cursory exa mination I have made is that in this society, of about 28,000 books taken out to read, there were about 17,000 or near 18,000 of novels, and about 10,000 of works of history and of all other descrip tions. I think that is a very creditable account. So far from being shocked at the quantity of novels that are read, I really do not wonder that men who have occupations that give them a great deal of care and anxiety should resort to those delightful fic tions which usually go by the name of novels, and that they should seek in those pages relaxation after their harassing employments. But I think that number of 10,000 is very considerable. So, looking, at another institution, the Free Library of this town, there were about 40,000 novels to about 23,000 books of other descriptions—a somewhat similar proportion, and, as I say again, a propor tion which I think does great credit to the readers —(hear and applause)—becanse it elurrre that ' there is a very fair proportion—upwards of one third—who do read books of that informing and instructive kind. (Hear.) And now let us con sider a little what is the matter of some of these books to which they do attend ? A great portion of them consist of history, and, if there is any kind of instructive reading which concerns an Eng lishman, I think it is to know the history of his own country. (Hear, hear.) I was delighted, therefore, in that Free Library to see that there was an excel lent collection of English histories. Let me here say to those who wish to know English history—to those who wish to know the history of a people who must be as famous in the world as any of the great States of Greece, as famous as Rome itself, that it is by studying the documents and the particular histories of England that the knowledge of the history of their country is to be acquired. Every day, I am glad to say, an addition is made to that knowledge. Only the other day, that most interest ing portion of our history, the reign of Charles 1., the period in which, in fact, the question was de termined whether this was to be a free or slavish country—that period has been illustrated by Mr. Forster, by extracts from the journals and debates of Parliament of that day, which had not hitherto been known to the world. Then, I say again, that any institution which gives information of that de scription, which has in its rooms books of that de scription, by which its members and readers can attain a knowledge of that kind, is most valuable for the improvement of the education and the extension of the knowledge that the people of this country ought to have. Now, let me say what I think w ill be the result of these attempts that are making— attempts of all kinds—how I wish they may all speed !—from the improvement of the Colleges of Oxford and Cambridge to the extension and diffu sion of our Ragged Schools, taking all the interme diate institutions and societies between them—what will be the effect of this increase of knowledge and instruction. I cannot but believe that it will make the persons who possess it the happier, and the in stitutions of the country safer than they were before. (Hear.) In the first place, the wearisome operation of continuing in one monotonous employment is but a dull way of passing through life. And if a man, or a woman either, can abstract his or her attention for a portion of the da y fro:it t:ii., p:.!.3eitt, care.? and anxieties, and can look into the past, or be inte rested in some tale, or, still more, be raised by I the sublime songs of our poets, say much is gained for that person's happiness, much is gained, not only for the improvement of his mind, but for the elevation of his moral nature and the happiness of his daily existence. (Applause.) A very foolish . alarm prevailed many years ago—an alarm almost as foolish as that which has lately prevailed respect ing the port of Cherbourg—that people who were engaged in daily toil, especially the labourers of the country, if they were well informed, would cease from their daily business • or if they conti nued it that they would be rendered unhappy by it. There is no reason why any such consequence should follow. That they should not abandon their daily toil is a matter of necessity, because a man who has no other means than that which is before him of gaining his bread would not give up the gaining of his bread for any, even the most delight ful, treatise he could read. But as to his being un happy, on the contrary I think his toil must be lightened by the advantage of knowing more than he did, and having matters to think of of which he formerly knew nothing. And then comes again the question as to what is to be the result to the country at large and the State, and I may almost say —seeing the importance this country is of in the world in which we live—to the world at large. I believe this is a matter of the very . greatest im portance, and perhaps you will forgive me, though it is a dry matter, if I say somewhat of the nature of the institutions under which we live. A long while ago it would have been a very trite and com monplace thing to praise those institutions. But of late years there has arisen a sort of fashion, whe ther by way of paradox, or by way . of , exalting other nations, I know not, of depreciating those institutions. Let me say, shortly, the first object of any Government must be to protect life and pro perty. That is generally done in the countries of Europe, with the exception, perhops, of three or four—Turkey, Greece, Naples, and the States of the Pope. But then comes the next question, that in order to have good institutions every body ought ' to do that which h e chooses, provided he makes no attack and aggression upon the life an d property of another. (Hear.) And in th a t consists our difference from most of the Governments which now exist. We find it perfectly possible to protect life and property. There is no country in Europe where order is so well preserved—no- country in Europe where the police finds its duties so light and so effectually done. But at the same time there is the greatest liberty of opinion —the utmost power given to every one to capress his opinions— to do that which a Roman historian declares was the rare happiness of his time—for a man to form any opinion that he -chooses, -and -to express that which be thinks. If that is the case it gives an ad ditional importance to all these societies for litera- THE SUN, LONDON SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1858. ture, education, and improvement ; because it gives to every man the means, if he has the wish and ambition, and the talents, of rising in the society to which he belongs. And thus it is that we see the highest posts and honours in the country are given to men who have won their way by their own abi lities. It is for this reason I have the highest confi- dente in the institutions of this country, such as they are, and as they are to be ; because we must always recollect that any of our institutions, as time goes on, and as knowledge increases, may be improved —that we may go from good to better. We shall, I trust, always maintain those two great advantages —that we shall protect life and property on the one hand, and that on the other we shall grant the ut- most liberty of discussion, and the power of attain ing any fair object of ambition to those who have the capacity to attain it. (Applause.) If such is the spirit of our institutions—if such is the spirit in which we are about, from time to. time, to amend and improve them, it is of great importance not only to us but to the world in general, that we should hold on steadily our course. An author, of a foreign country, with whom I am well acquainted, said to me this year, " You cannot imagine with what anxiety all over Europe persons are watching the progress of England. They say that if any dis order occurs, or there is any symptom of disorder which is magnified and exaggerated by those who are the friends of bad government, the friends of despotic measures say at once, Those 'English people do not know how to maintain order, and to obey their Sovereign and the laws.' If anything occurs which shows the excellency of your institu tions, then they say, 'Here is a triumph for free dom and civilisation—it is that which will be imi tated in our country, and in all the countries of Europe.' " (Applause.) Let us not at all disguise from ourselves the importance of this mission. We have, I believe, as Milton said long ago, " a prece dence in teaching the nations how to live." That precedence is not to be maintained by any careless ness, by any ignorance, or by any precipitation, but by the people of this country being thoroughly and well informed, weighing what we are about to do, taking counsel from the lessons of others, and ex amining their laws with a critical, but not with a prejudiced or unfriendly eye. (Applause.) It is to be done by following the course of events, by choosing well the path which you are about to pur sue, pursuing that course boldly, and at the same time firmly and steadily. If I venture to give the opinion, it is not that I am endeavouring to teach you. I am endeavouring only to express that which I believe to be the opinion of this meeting, and the opinion of the people of England in general. (Hear.) Believing in the high character of this people, in their natural good sense, and in that virtue which makes them act towards others with due regard to the precepts of the Christian religion and the duties of free subjects—believing that such is our disposi tion, I delight in every occasion in which I see that the knowledge of the people of this country, and with their knowledge their power, is making ad vance. (Applause.) After referring to the statue of the late Mr. J. Brotherton, M.P., and the great private and public usefulness of that gentleman, as a proof of the kind of man whom Manchester loved to honour, his lordship said—The ultimate progress of that which is going on in all parts of the coun try it is not likely that I shall live to see. But this Ido hope, that the homes of the people of this co untry will be made more comfortable than they have been ; that they will value the edu cation of their children, and that, valuing it, they will value the happy homes to which they re turn at night. Many faults exist, some vices are still very prevalent among us. We must rely in great part upon the ministers both of the Established Church and of the various denominations, in order to induce that greater conformity to Christian pre cepts which we ought all to desire. For me, I can only say that I believe increase of knowledge will bring with it increase of veneration; and that the more we know, the more we shall bow to the won derful works of the almighty wisdom of the Creator. (Loud cheers.) Professor AYTOUN was received with loud ap plause. After some introductory observations upon his being placed in the position of a clergyman who was called upon to deliver a " sermon without a text," and the fact of every subject upon which he might be supposed likely to speak having been worn out in the discussions at Leeds, Liverpool and elsewhere, within the last six weeks, he said that his difficuity . was the greater, because from what he had seen during the last two days he had arrived at the conclusion that while people elsewhere had been talking vaguely, and in some eases foolishly, upon this subject of education, Manchester had been quietly doing everything • and had in itself arrived at as nevcr e.-point of perfectionl as we could call, anything perfect, in a society so strangely consti tuted. as ours. . (Applause.) That was not a com pliment. He was not, as the sage of Slickville would say " soft sawdering" his audience upon the point. (Laughter.) He was stating his sincere convictions, founded upon an inspection of the pub lic institutions of Manchester, and more especially of the noble Free Library, which he believed to be unequalled in the world. (Applause.) lie had seen that institution, founded by the wisdom of the citizens, open to the mechanics of Manchester ; he had seen the use made by workmen of that admir able collection ; and he found that, having been in operation for a considerable period, it now furnished precisely the data which statesmen and philan thropists had been for a long time attempting to find out—namely, what was the kind of read in!, that ought to be given to the people. (Hear.) Why, of course, the kind of reading to be given to the people was that kind which the people would accept. (Loud applause.) There was a great talk about education ; but very few of the talkers attempted to define what education was. Education, in the restricted sense in which he understood it, was that which ought to be given to every child and every adult in the country—namely, the power of reading ; not mere accentuation or of under standing the letters, but such an understanding as would enable them easily to follow what they read and so enter into the spirit of it. (Applause.) Writ ing would be always less cultivated, because you could not expect—and you did not find, even in the class called educated—the power of composition ; one which it would require very great exertion in deed before it was carried to a high extent. There was also the common ciphering which was neces sary for all industrial purposes. But give those three, and especially the power of easy reading, and then the education of every man must be left to himself, and he would follow that particular bent which God and nature had given him—that line in which, if he persevered, he was most calculated to excel. (Applause.) lie saw by the list of works taken out of the Free Library, that the very stan dard works of literature which we all admired— not mere novels in the ephemeral sense of modern novels—but the great works of imagination the works of the poets, of Shakspere , Spencer, Miltor4, and Burns—of all those who had added to the greatness of the reputation of our genius both in verse and in prose—these were most deservedly the favourites with the people, as they were with the most highly-cultivated classes. (Applause.) Most natural was it that it should be so, for there was not one who was familiar with the learned lan guages who would not tell you that he preferred the perusal of Homer to the dryer studies of the works of Thucydides. He found that the next in order of the books read at the Free Library came history, then the arts and sciences, and, lastly, the more abstruse works in theology and philosophy. There were very great mistakes committed by the earlier educational reformers when they wished to insist that all the working men should be made scientific philosophers. (Hear.) One of the most honoured of these reformers fell into the singular error of saying, that he hoped the time would come when every workingman would be acquainted with the works of Bacon and able to understand mathematics. That time would never arrive. (Hear, hear.) Give the people the power of under standing, give them libraries as MancUster had done, and he pledged himself to agitate the question in the north, until there was no large town in Scot land without its free library, upon the model of that in Manchester ; give them this, and you would have t th e withinbas s of h s his o o w w e n r e d ( u A c p a t g i i o v n e , ii to the have m plause.) He did not wish to d e p reciate what was mechanic d e called " cheap literature ;" but he did say that free libraries, containing the standard works of the great authors of Britain offered better study for every man, high or low, than the very best periodical literature, whether in the shape of review, maga zine, or newspaper, that had ever been circulated. It was so, because in the composition of works of length and of thought, men required to study hard and to take much time ; and our standard literature has been-the work of great pains, thought, and labour, whereas the ephemeral literature of the day, however brilliant, clever, or fascinating, was the composition of men writing by fits and starts, -with out due consideration, and was only adapted to the appetite of the moment. The relaxation of the mind, which was also its strengthening, Manches ter had provided by means of free libraries. Then came a much-discussed question—that of the relaxa tion of the body—of the sports of the people. Man chester, he understood, had provided by a noble public subscription three parks ; and so they had done all that was necessary for the amusement of the people. He trusted that no doctrinaires, utili tarians, gymnasts, or acrobats, or whatever they might be called, whether as individuals or commit tees, would be allowed to dictate what these sports of the people should be or ought to be. As he would m to e b n e ts r t r o t fi ni n t a te o d a i w n h tl a i t e w m a a s t m ter os .o t f eo tl n iei ge r n o ia win fo leave them in command of their libraries, they ought (Hear.) There was no fear of a recurrence toramtthhueosmsee: savage pastimes which disgrace the times of our fore fathers. (Hear.) There was no fear of an educated mechanic following the example of " good Queen Bess "—who was no great favourite of his, although she was such a favourite with the English, and rather preferring to see a bull bait than hear a new tragedy bX William Shakspere. (Laughter.) In his professional capacity he might be assumed to have some little stake in the matter of education ; and therefore he might be pardoned for making a few observations as to the Athenaeum. He was extremely glad to see, from the report, that the evening classes had been cultivated to a great extent —classes in French, German, chemistry, and other branches of popular learning—attended by young men who only had leisure during the evening. That was one of the most admirable features of such an institution. It was taking the place of the Schools of Art that existed in the north ; and which existed to some extent in the Scotch universities, especially in that of Edinburgh, by the introduction of a chair of technology. He feared that in England the high academical and collegiate notions would prevent being established there anything corresponding to the Scotch universities. For instance, he had his own class in the University of Edinbnrgh, in which he prelected upon English literature and. composi tion, in which the students were exercised in those branches, and in elocution and rhetoric—in the de livery of speeches. Such things did, however, exist in the English mechanics' and other institutes, and he would beseech the directors of the Athenaeum to cultivate them to the utmost ; because they were of the greatest importance in training and giving scope to the minds of young men—in giving them the opportunity, of which he was sure they would eagerly avail themselves, of acquiring more infor mation, and higher aptitudes in composition, than could possibly be acquired if they remained at home. (Hear.) But he was -disappointed that the system of lectures had been discontinued in the Athenaeum. He knew that many objected to them as super ficial things, on the ground that those who attended three or four lectures could merely acquire a smattering of a subject. That was un doubtedly true at present. But the great thing was to get men who could well handle their sub jects, and who could select such subjects as would be of real interest to the community, and yet not too deep or too affected. Get such men, and, rely upon it, in three or four lectures they would give to an audience a very great deal of the spirit and knowledge which they themselves possessed. It was your mere charlatan and pretender who did not un derstand his subject who failed to interest or in struct; because, not having clear ideas of his own, he was compelled to raise a mirage, to indulge in a mystification of flashing terms, which allowed an audience to depart with no more real information than they had before they went into the lecture room. He should be really sorry if the day should ever come when oral communication between man and man in public should be checked. Its existence was the characteristic of our age. He hoped we should never cease to hear the glorious words of poetry and the drama, accentuated and rolled out as they were intended to be by the poets and glo rious artisans in literature who produced them. Poetry was not generally a thing to be read in the closet only. It had a high and vivifying influence, which could only be sounded forth, as music could be given out by the tongue of man. (Applause.) It was through the human voice that poetry of the highest kind must ever have its most perfect and highest exponent. Charles Dickens, reading his " Christmas Carol," and " Chimes," was an exam ple. (Applause.)' It was so in the olden times, and he wished it was so now ; for those who wrote verses now-a-days, after they had printed them with much pains and cost, did not always get them read —(laughter)—and the poor unfortunate author never got a chance of delivering with his own voice his works to the people. Far better was it in the olden time. There was in the days of Homer—or at all events as he told us—times when the people of Greece assembled, and the poet, by their common consent, was brought in and,placed in their midst to recite his productions. As Homer told us in his " Odyssey" " Then entered the herald and usher'd along The honour'd of ages, the master of song— The love of the Muses, who set him apart, From childhood a being predoomed to his art ; With a qift far exceeding a monarch's domain, But a bh6ht that lay sore on his temples and brain. For his visual sense it was blasted and gone, And h. saw not the light of the sun when it shone ; But within him. was music, and passion, and power, And he spoke like a king in his conquering hour. There was none in the land that could equal his lay, Though night everlasting had shut bim from day. There was silence and hush in the multitude all, As they placed him aloft in the midst of the hall." (Loud cheers.) He had now come to the end of his " sermon without• a text ;" and he hoped his obser vations had not been altogether irrelevant. (Ap plause.) At Liverpool th other day, as he under stood, a scheme was announced which was by some new process, as yet undeveloped and unmentioned, to supersede all the existing systems of religion, virtue, and morals---(laughter)—and to place us all upon a new footing. That scheme, he was glad to say, had been referred to a select committee, for the report of- which he was by no means impatient. (Laughter.) He should wait in the full faith that, however we might advance in education and in sci ence, we had already our full revelation from God Almighty, and that that revelation taught us— what the spread of science, of wealth even, and of civilisation in this country by no means contra dicted, but rather corroborated, as was shown by what was daily taking place amongst us, to fear God, to love the brotherhood, and to honour the Queen. (Loud cheers.) The Hon. Judge HALIBURTON said he felt in a situation of considerable embarrassment ; and he had no resolution to move, and no subject to talk upon. He was like a person introduced to a stranger whose name he did not quite catch, and of whom he knew nothing ; it was embarrassing to know what topic of conversation to start. If we knew that the s tranger was an agriculturist we could talk about steam ploughs, deep draining, and mowing machines, with a variety of other toptes, and so get on uncommonly well. (Laugh ter.) If he should happen to be a lawyer we could put our face into mourning and condole with him —(continued laughter)—and tell him that we were very sorry to find that at the social science meeting at Liverpool they talked of simplifying the law and reducing the expenses of it, by which the profession would be ruined, and a great number of the mem bers have to go out on strike for higher wanes, like the Lancashire eoalheavers. (Laughter.) Ifhe were a clergyman, after beating about the bush a little, we might soon find whether he was High or Low Church • and take care not to break our shins over the confessional.. (Laughter.) His (the speaker's) difficulty now was, to choose a topic. which should be agreeable to all. An old American friend of his, " Sam Slick" — (app lause ) — once said, " There's no except the electric tele- And he was pretty much of Sam Slick's opinion. Every topic had been t g h r i a n r g h n n e n w ri u i n n d d i r t u h b e b s e u r n s oesy used till it was threadbare. This was the season for speaking. The people had gone speaking mad ; everybody was rendering an account of his steward ship in the House of Commons, or delivering his opinion upon some subject oranother. To a stranger it appeared as if all the dumb people in all the dumb institutions throughout the kingdom had suddenly recovered the use. of their tongues. He had a reason, however, for- being present on this occasion. He had only attended two meetings of a similar kind in this country. The first time he ever addressed an English audience was in Manchester, and the cordial reception which he then met with had left an impression on him never to be forgotten. He then addressed them on the condition, pros pects, and resources of our North American posses sions ' • and although many there believed his views to be Utopian, they had since been realised. In this country nothing was more difficult than to move the Government ; it was impossible to move it upon . any subject unconnected with party. There was a place in London, not put down in the show books to be seen by a stranger, but which was well worth visiting. It • was called Downing-street-- boards. (laughter)—and contai ne d the Government offices. Here were a numbe r o f o ld buildings, some of them tottering and p rop p e d u p. The front was robricksug what h wasbo anda formerly rubbish, Heretthh ee(lawn,saidwhole t but hbee nowsea fenced kei in u covered yo with vit will h find them so drowsy that you can hardly keep your eyes open. Almost everybody in that place is fast asleep. (Laughter.) The very sentries there have orders from the Horse Guards to keep in perpetual motion, or otherwise they would drop asleep. (Con tinued laughter.) You have heard a great deal about chloroform and the surgical operations performed upon patients under its influence. In many cases death Chas occurred during the operation ; but I venture to assert that, if a man were taken to Downing-street, he would sleep so soundly that his leg might be cut off before he awoke. (Laughter.) When you expound your views to one of the wor thies in that " sleepy hollow," he turns over in his bed and asks you what you want. If you tell him that we have five colonies, with five different laws, with five different sets of custom houses, and five different currencies, he replies, " What is that to us? Call again next week." (Laughter.) And so he turns over and goes to sleep again ; and it always would be the same. There must be a great event to awaken the Government to do anything. For instance, there had been a dreadful mutiny in the East Indies, and it had resulted in the establishment of a new go vernment for that country. In Canada, also, there was a rebellion, and that rebellion had produced a responsible government. Recently the Govern nient had been awalcened-out'd its trance b the discovery of gold in Vancouver's Island, and had found the truth of what he asserted in Manchester two years ago. Sir R. Murchison the great geo grapher, had found the position of the island, and told the Government where they might discover it on the map ; and they had placed a cross with a pencil upon it, so that they might know where to look for it again. (Laughter.) The G Dvernment had now found that the distance from Liverpool to Canton, by way of Panama, was 13,900 miles ; while by the way of the Canadian lakes, it was only 11,000 miles ; so that there would be a saving of 2,500 miles by the latter route. (Hear.) This was one of his predictions, which had been considered Utopian ; but he felt no hesitation in proclaiming that the trade with China would hereafter pass through Canada. In Vancouver's Island a magnifi , cent vein of coal had been discovered, close to the water, only 40 feet from the surface, and 9 feet thick, forming a coal mine for the whole Pacific. He congratulated the people of this country and of the colony upon this event. (Hear, hear.) With re gard to education a great deal of twaddle had been uttered. It was not difficult to persuade people of the value of education, nor to communicate it to the masses. There was a very old, but a very true maxim, " I can defend myself from my enemies, but God help me from my friends." The educa tional difficulty lay with the friends of education, and not with the people. All those who talked about education had whims and schemes of their own. One would insist on the introduction of the Bible ; another would exclude it, on the ground that the teaching would thereby become sectarian ; a third would object that it was not a true translation ; while a fourth would consent to its introduction, provided it was accompanied with commentaries. Instead of bringing forward all these different schemes, we should seek the opinion and assistance of the people themselves. (Hear, hear.) Let some of the labouring classes come upon the platform and state what they required. His (Judge Haliburton's) opinion was that every man must be educated ac cording to the position of life in which he was placed. Almost all men, whether professionals, mechanics, or labourers, had to attend to some daily occupation to provide support for themselves and families ; and in order to do so they must be educated for it. There was one education for the lawyer, another for the doctor, and another for the clergyman ; there was one education for the mechanic and an other for the labourer. The practical common sense way would be to teach the boy that which would be useful to him in after life. (Hear.) What was the use of cramming children ? He once visited a school in the neighbourhood of Dublin, and the boys answered questions which were beyond his power. • He asked one of them, from Mangnall's History, " Of what did Queen Anne die ?" and the answer was, " She died of Cardinal Pole and the seven bishops." (Laughter.) On another occa sion, while the children were reading about the marriage feast, he asked one of them after they had closed their books of what they had been reading. The reply was " A miracle." " You mean a para ble." "Oh no," rejoined the boy, "marriage is a miracle." " Why ?" " Because it is not in the power of man to perform." (Loud laughter.) Every locality should have an education suited to the re quirements of the inhabitants. It was also neces sary, in connection with educational efforts, that amusements should be provided. Men could not work always, and it was almost absolutely neces sary that they should be occasionally supplied with amusement. (Hear.) The mechanics had main tained the honour and glory of the country. He wished a deputation from their body had accom panied him to Cherbourg. Many people had been frightened by the works at Cherbourg, and talked a great deal of nonsense about them • but he be lieved there was no sort of danger. (Hear.) The magnificent yachts and British vessels assembled at Cherbourg were the production of British me chanics, and they might well be proud of them. Finer vessels were not to be found in the world. In conclusion, the hon. judge thanked the audience for the reception they had accorded to him, and said that if he could keep his resolution he would make his last bow, as he had made his first, to a public meeting in Manchester. (Applause.) Sir JAMES BROOKE, K.C.8., said that having been out of the country for so many years he was perhaps more ignorant of the subjects which had been spoken on than any other person in the room; but he would mention to them, therefore, the im pressions of an ignorant man upon those topics. It was a striking fact that not only in the history of past ages, but even at the present time, the higher the civilisation of a nation rose the deeper was the misery and the crime at the other end of society. It was this problem which had now to be solved— whether the education and training of the people has so led them to the performance of those social duties which man owed to his country and to his neighbaur. Education was a pleasant g arland to crown a man's brow • but books must be the slaves and not the mas ters of the man ; and the learning which he acquired must be subservient to his mother wit. If a fool was educated ever so highly, he would remain a fool still ; but a sensible and active man, with a small modicum of learning, would perform all the duties he was called upon to do in this world. (Hear.) In some things the country had made but little progress. Many rivers were full of filth; but the reason he thought the nuisance was not removed, was because the opinions of tso many were taken on the subject ; while in many instances the work might be quickly per formed if two or three men were selected for it and held responsible. Whilst he admitted that in the mul titude of counsellors there might be wisdom, at the same time he did not forget that too many cooks might spoil the broth. (Laughter.) There might be much talk with little performance ; but in a wise nation there should be a distinct means of action, as well as a teaching of the poorer classes how to act. He had a very firm conviction in the destinies of this nation. The education of the poorer classes would ensure progress in govern ing, and in the means of living, and would tend also to the increase of freedom. But to attain this the masses of the people must impress upon the Government the position it was necessary to take to carry out measures for the welfare of the nation. Their station, their happiness, and the good of the nation was dependent on this —dependent upon the training which they received, upon the learning which they imbibed in youth, and upon the example of parents to their children ani of masters to their servants. The destiny of the nation would then rest upon her statesmen, and upon her people, and upon the support which the people gave to the executive government to carry out measures which would make the nation great and happy. Mr. MONCKTON MILNES, M.P., referred to the many great events which or;curred since he last ad dressed a similar meeting in Manchester ; but he was happy to see that, amid all these, the Manchester Athenaeum survived. (Hear, hear.) They might have had, for all he knew, many revolutions during his absence ; it was possible they might have had a coup d'ettrt, but he now found them flourishing and powerful. The Manchester Athenaeum seemed to him to fulfil - its purpose ; but that purpose, neither on, the one side nor the other, professed to embrace the whole question of education. There could hardly . be a person present who had not received that primary education which would enable him to take advantage of such an institution as the Athenaeum • and therefore he would ask those who were members, and enjoyed the advantages of the Athenaeum, not to turn their eyes away from the spectacle below them, and not to forget how large a portion of the population of Manchester had not enjoyed the same advantages as they had. He saw in the newspapers of two or three days ago that in the city prison of Manchester, out of a total of 25,000 prisoners, there were 2,000 who did not know how to read. That was a contrast with the Manchester Athenaeum lying below it, which it was their duty to contemplate and remedy. Above them there werethings which the Athenaeum could not do, and which must rest solely with themselves—these were the higher forms of self-education, which their own intelli gence and their own power alone could supply. The Athenaeum, however, would help them to cul tivate their intellect as much as they chose. There • fore they should make use of it to the full. They should not be afraid of what people called metaphy sical studies, which would make them think of themselves and their own minds, because it was only by such studies that they could really contemplate ail that was awful in nature and in principles. There were two noble lines which he had read somewhere— "Two things I ever tremble while I scan, The stars of Heaven and the mind of man." Therefore let them look into their own mind , and sec that if there was one thing more wonderful than that comet which had swept through the he avens, it was the mind of man, which enabled him to de termine its being, and follow its course. (Applause.) Neither should they be afraid of imagina r y studies, for they would not lead them away froin the .prac tical duties of life. The most one-sided and violent men were not the poets, but the especially practical. He remembered reading in a letter of Robert Burns's a passage to the effect that he meant to engage a carrier to get his own letters and , those or all his neighbours carried for a penny. Ihere was the germ of the penny post propo.sed by: - a poet and an exciseman; and nobody did his business better, no t w ithstanding his whisky drinking; than Robert Burns. (Applause.) Mr. Monckton Milnes con cluded by alluding. to the benefits arising from a k now ledge of politics , which would give scope for the exercise of the mental faculties, and enable a man the better to perform his duties as a citizen. Mr. GEORGE ,CRUIKSTIANK, who announced that - he had for 35 yeali; been endeavouring !to improv e , the condition of the working classes, expressed himself in favour of supplying newspapers as one of the elements of education ; and advocated tem perance amongst all classes. On the motion of Mr. J. CIIEETIIAM, M.P.,, seconded by Mr. J. P. BROWN-WESTITEAD, M.P., a vote of thanks was passed to Lord John Russell for his attendance and address ; and a similar com pliment was paid to the noble chairman for pre siding, on the motion of Mr. JAMES CROSSLEY, seconded by Mr. MALCOLM Ross. The proceedings terminated about a quarter to 11 o'clock. FROM THE GAZETTE OF YESTERDAY WHITEHALL, OCT. 22. The Queen has been pleased to give and grant unto Lieut.- Gen. Robert Cannon her royal license and permission that he may accept and wear the insignia of the Imperial Order of the Medjidie of the seconeclass, which his Imperial Majesty the Sultan has been pleased to confer upon him as a mark of his Majesty's approbation of his services while actually and entirely employed beyond her Majesty's domi nions in the service of his Imperial Majesty. MEMORANDUM.—Order of the Medjidie, sth Class—ln the • Supplement to the London Gazette of the 2d March, 1858—For Brevet-Lieutenant-Colonel Frederic Percy Lea, late 57th Regiment, read Major Frederic Percy Lea, half pay unattached, late 57th Regiment. BOARD OF TRADE, WHITEHALL, OCT. 21. The Right Hononrable the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade and Plantations have received, through the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a copy of a Despatch from her Majesty's Charge d'Affaires at Monte Video, enclosing copy of a law recently enacted by the Monte Videan Government, containing the following regulations with respect to the payment of Customs' Duties, and exempting from Import Duties the articles undermen tioned Art. 9. The amount of the importduties shall be satisfied by each importer in the following manner :- 1. In cash, if the duties do not exceed 500 dollars. 2. If they exceed 500 dollars, the fourth part shall be given in cash, and the other three-fourths parts in bills of exchange, at two and four months' sight, by halves. Art. 10. The terms shall be reckoned in all cases from the day in which the despatch may have taken place. Art. 11. The bills above mentioned shall be signed by the importer and by a merchant established and domiciled in the place, to the satisfaction of the Custom House, both being jointly responsible for the whole. Art. 12. Five days, at most, after the despatch of the effects or merchandise, and after the end of the term of the bills, the importers or guarantees not having paid the duties, the Custom-house shall proceed to sell by public auction the effects which the said importers might have in deposit, sufficient to cover those duties. There being no goods in deposit, it shall prosecute them before the tribunals. Art. 13. The following goods or invoices shall not pay any import duties : Large machines for the -ase of a griculture and industry and improved ploughs, every kind of steam machine, what ever be the ; use for which it may be designed. Machines or apparatus which may serve to construct, improve, or keep the roads in order, to clean roadsteads or ports, to open and keep channels of navigation, and improve those of the rivers, the st eamers which may come in pieces to be put together in our ports and rivers, surgical instru ments, machines and apparatus destined for the study of mathematics and natural sciences. _ _ _ Printing machines and the paper for their use. Printed books, sea-salt, coals, barks for tanning, ashes without being prepared,. wooden hoops and staves, ox, cow, horse and sheep hides with hair, dry or salted and other un prepared hides, tallow and grease, wool, hair, horns, and other animal produce, called produce of the country ; live animals for the encouragement of industry and improve ment of breeds, gold and silver coin and bullion, seeds and plants destined for agriculture and gardening ; baggage, the total weight of which does , not exceed 15 arrobas, and ice. The articles which the executive power may consider ex clusively destined for public worship, and which may be i required by the priests n charge of the churches. The instruments or utensils which may serve for some of the objects to which the machines and apparatus exempted from the import duty may be destined, cannot in any case be assimilated to the said machines and apparatus, and shall be subject to the duty established by the law, in case they are not expressly mentioned in the tariff. Art. 14. The importation of gold and silver coins which have not the legal weight is prohibited, as well as copper money, unless imported on account of the Government. Art. 15. The duty which flour ought to pay shall be re elated in proportion to the price of wheat in the market, viz.:—When the price of wheat is from 3to 4 dols. the fanega, 65 per cent, ; when from 4to 5 dols., 55 per cent. ; when from 5 to 6 dols., 45per cent.; when from 6 to 7 dols., 35 per cent. ; when from 7 to 8 dols., 30 per cent.; when from 8 to 9 dols., 25 per cent. ; when from 9 to 10 dols., 20 per cent. ; when from 10 dols. upwards, 15 per cent. WAR-OFFICE, PALL-MALL, OCT. 22. GENERALIORDER. Dated Horse Guards, S.W. Oct. 22. Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to command that Colonel Sir Edward Lugard, 1i.C.8., be promoted to the rank of Major-General in the Army, in consideration of his services in the command of a Division at the capture of Lucknow, and subsequently in the command of the Azim ghur Field Force. By Order of his Royal Highness the General Command ing-in-Chief. (Signed) G. A. WETHERALL, Adjutant-General. WAR-OFFICE, PALL-MALL, OCT. 22. BREVET. _ _ _ Brevet-Colonel Sir ETlwa.raLugard. K.C.8., from tho 29th Foot, to be Major-General. COMMISSION BY THE QtEEN. Royal Anglesey Regiment of Militia—Edward Octavius Pearse. Esq., to be Adjutant, from 21st July, 1858, vice Cary resigned. COMMISSIONS BY LORDS LIEUTENANT. County of Sussex—John King, Esq., to be Deputy Lieutenant. Royal Wilts Militia—William Stevens Perry Keene, Gent., to be Ensign, vice Hilliard, resigned. 2d Regiment of Derbyshire Militia—Lieut. Wilkinson to be Captain, vice Lord George Henry Cavendish, resigned ; Ensign Poyser to be Lieutenant, vice Wilkinson, pro moted. Ist Regiment of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Militia— Lieut. John Gould Noble to be Captain, vice John Kirkes, deceased. 3d Regiment of the Duke of Lancaster's Own Militia— Frederick Augustus White, Gent., to be Ensign, vice Francis Law, promoted. 7th Regiment of Lancashire Militia—Ensign Owen Havi land Francis :O'Malley to be Lieutenant, vice Lawrence Fort, resigned ; George Hollings, Gent., to be Ensign, vice Owen Haviland Francis O'Malley, promoted. Royal Ayrshire Rifles—Lieut. William Wallace, to be Captain, vice George Henry Walker, resigned. t Notification by her Majesty's Commissioners of Lieu enancy for the county of Ayr. Royal Ayrshire Rifles—Her Majesty has been pleased to permit Lieut.-Col. Sir T. M. Cunningham, Bart., whose resignation was notified in the Gazette of Sept. 14, to retain the honorary rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. [Erratum in Gazette of Tuesday, October 12, 1858.] Under head Commissions signed by Lord Lieutenant of the county of Suffolk. Long Melford Troop of Yeomanry Cavaly—For John George Weller Poley, Gent., to be Lieu tenant, vice John Thomas Ord, resigned, read John George Weller Poley, Gent., to be Lieutenant, (John Thomas Ord not having resigned). WHITEHALL, JULY 31. The Right Hon. Sir A. E. Cockburn, Bart., Lord Chief Justice of her Majesty's Court of Common Pleas, at West minster, has appointed William Rowell, of Rickmans worth, in the county of Suffolk, Gentleman, to be one of the Perpetual Commissioners for taking the acknowledgments of deeds to be executed by married women, under the Act passed for the abolition of fines and recoveries, and for the substitution of more simple modes of assurance, in and for the county of Hertford. BANK OF ENGLAND. An Aceoimt, pursuant to the Act 7th and Bth Victoria, cap. 32, for the week ending on Wednesday, the 20th day of October, 1858: ISSUE DEPARTMENT, Notes issued .£,;:),1.;6,710 Government Debt £11,015,100 Other Securities .. 3,4:19,900 Gold Coin & Bullion 18,663,710 Silver Bullion .... £33,138,710 £33,138,710' BANKING DEPARTBIZICT Proprietors' Capi- . Government Seeu tal £14,553,000 rifles (including , Rest Public Deposits(in- nuity) £10,809,467 eluding Esche- Other Securities 14,815,120 quer, Savings' Notes Banks, Commis- Gold and Silver missioners of. Na- Coin Holm]. Debt, and ' Dividend .Ac count A) 5,531,558 Other Deposits 13,808,316 Seven Day and other Bills 889,465 612,850 £37,879,982 M. 217,879,982 RSIIALL, Chief Cashier. Dated Oct 21, 1858. AVERAGE PRICE OF SUGAR. The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, com puted from Returns made in the week ending the 19th day of Oct., 18,58, exclusive of the duties of Customs paid or payable thereon, on the importation thereof into Great Britain Per cwt. From the British possessions in America .. 28s lid BANKRUPTS. John Boden Radford, butcher, Sun-court, Curzon-street, Cornhill, Nov. 2, at h lf Middl ese x, to surrender N ov. 2, at eleven, and Dec. 2, a t a -o f Bankruptcy. onDe,aavtidthLeaCinogurßt u o rn f a m nk er ru ch p a t n ey t; past one, and Dec. 3, at one, at the Court William W i lcox, sailmaker, Liverpool, Nov. 5 and 30, at le oLiverpool merchant,District Manchester, Nov. 3 and . il nenry at ite the n e De v c e . n l , at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Fieldhouse Long and William Long, cloth manufacturers, Yeadon, Yorkshire, Nov. 4 and 30, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Samuel Allcock, painter, Stafford, Nov. 11 and 25, a half-past eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Joseph Samuel Ouston, wine and spiitt merchant Kin ston-upon-Hull, Nov. 10, and Dec. 8, at twelve, ai Town-hall, Kingston-upon-Hull. Richard Exley Twigg, grocer, Louth, Lincolnshire, Nov 3, and Dec. 1, at twelve, at the Town-hall, Kingston-upon Hull. Joseph Mackrill, Queen's Arms Tavern, Newgate-street, Oct. 30, at half-past twelve, and Dec. 3, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. James Bishton and Wm. Wilkinson, fruiterers, Birming ham, Nov. 11 and 25, at half-past eleven, at the Birming ham District Court. Thomas Churchouse, grocer, Briton Ferry, Glamorgan-- shire, Nov. `2 and 30, at` eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Ambrose Scully, ironmonger, Bradford, Nov. 9, at twelve, and Dec. 7, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. John Merriman, draper, South Shields, Nov. 5 and Dec 17, at half-past eleven, at the Newcastle -u p on-T y ne Dis• tut Court. SCOTCH BANKRUPTS. Francis Dick, jun. sacking manufacturer, Dundee Alexander Smait, 'babbiet,maker, Glasgow.. • - Archibald G. Lang, mercliant, Glasgow. Stewart Scott, upholsterer, Edinburgh. Kerr) Whitehead and Co., merchants, ()know, CO U= .f TRY MA .2? .IC - 13 T AS' TVERPOOL—Ocr. 22. The arrivals froi a Ireland and coastwise. since Tuesday have been fair of oats and oatmeal, but otherwise light. From foreign poi -1 - .: 3 we have only received 4,419 qrs. Indian corn, and from C i tnada 3,800 qrs. peas. 'The exports in the maacenaas same time comp i ie 1,70.5 qrs. whe a t, 372 qrs . oa t s , 428 sacks, trade and ulng baLL els flou r . Th ere h as b een l i ttle doing in the Past two days, anyl prices have re oltef t r b edo tow..A t this day' s mar k e t th ere was a sma ll n . , and country trade,, and on ly a mode ratatteinendedednan unaltered,, w experie. 'lced for wheat, chiefly the better qualities, at late rates. F2ne II our maintained its value in the sales made, but ordinary & 3scriptions were a turn lower. Oats and oatmeal soul slowly r.t our last quotations. Barley and peas were nominally withcart change in value, but beans and Indian corn were easier to buy, and the transactions very limited. WAKEFIE .IX—OcT. There is a fair quantity e f wheat on offer here to-day. The wheat trade is dull ; fine white maintains its price, but for other sorts the demand is very limiter i, and where sales are pressed lower prices mu At be taken. Barley, with the exception of a few very cho ice parcels, mast be noted is per qr. cheaper. . In beans, outs, and sh( dling no material change. Averages for the week : Wheat ...4,879 qrs., at... 43s 41c1 8ar1ey......... 68 5 34s Old Oats - ~ • • . Rye —s Od Beans 37 „ .. ... .... 43s 14d Peas •• • • ?? ••s-•• • • -8 Od RII'ON—OcT. 21. There was a middling supply of grai'a to-day, and a slow business at the annexed. prices :—Airlaite wheat, from 5s 6d to 6s 3d per bushel ; red 5s 3d to (3s Od ; barley, 30s to 36s Od per do. ; oats, 24s Od to 30s ; beans, —s to —d. EXETER OCT. 22. We have to report a e k -nall supply of wheat at market, and prices ruled about the sa me as last week. Wheat, white.. 5s 3d to 5s 6(1 I Barley.. 4s 6d to 5s Od Ditto red 55 3d to Os Oa. Oats .... ..3s Od to Os Od Flour, fine, 30s to 31s ; leConils, 28s to 29s per sack. CATTLE.—The market wus fi drly supplied with stock, but business appeared to be c4rial.l. Fat beef, p score, lOs to lOs 6d Ewes, per lb . sid to 7d Pork carcases, do Bs6d to 9s 6d Wethers, do. Old to Od Lambs, per lb Od to Od i t Fat calves, d0....6id to 71d Rough 4d per lb. BRISTOL SUGAR—OcT. 22. The market has been stew IT and firm this week,' and about 503 hhds. West India have been disposed of at prices which were scarcely obtainable hor e last week. Floating cargoes, also, have been more inviired for, but the firmness of holders still precludes bush mss. Refiners produce has been more freely dealt in, but p vices show no signs of improve ment. Rum rather quiet. COAL NUR' (Prices of Coal per Ten at d. ,KET-0 CT. 22. ; the close of the market.) s. d. Buddle' s West Hartley.ls 31 Powell' s DuffrynSteam 21 0 Lambert's W. Hartley 15 3 Holywell 15 6 Hastings Hartley.. • l5 3 Tanfield Moor 13 0 Tanfield Moor Butes 13 0 Walls End. Bradyll's Hetton 19 6 Hartlepool. 2O 0 South Hartlepool 19 6 Belmont lB 0 Riddell lB 0 t, 24—sold, 17. 15 61 Nixon's Merthyr 21 0 I Ships at markel RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR THE WEEK. Miles Opened. Receipts. Railways. ~..---..------, _______n_____, 1858. 1857. 1858. 1E57. X £ Ballymena and Portrush 35 35 - - . Bedale and Leyburn lO 10 113 98 Belfast and Ballymena 65 65 1,181 1,192 Belfast and County Down l7 17 393 275 Birkd., Lane., & Ches. June 32 . 32 2,518 2,607 myth and Tyne 2O 13 1 , 305 1,406 Bristol and Exeter llB 117 6,948 6,291 Caledonian Ches.&Holyhead(withMold) 941 94 6,950 7,001 Cockermouth & Workington 84 84 , 268 253 Cork and Bandon 2O 20 300 336 Cork, Blackrock, & Passage 6l 6 1 215 221 Deeside l7 17 28/ 244 Dublin & Belfast Junction 56 56 1,493 1,432 Dublin and Prog,lieda 63 63 1,823 1,741 Dub. & Wicklow (iti.Kingst ) 404 404 1 , 706 1 , 627 Dundalk and Enniskillen Dundee and Arbroath 174 174 568 638 Dundee, Perth, & Aber. Jun. 31 31 1,203 1,197 East Anglian 674 674 1,070 1,056 E.Counties,Nrik.,&E.Union 489 489 28,164 26,762 East Kent 194 - 360 - E.Lancashire(in.Blackburn) 111 105 6 , 200 6,492 Edinburgh and Glasgow Edinburgh, Perth,& Dundee 78 78 3,165 3,190 Forth & Clyde Junction - __... 334 289 Furness Glasgow & South-Western. 1834 1834 7,072 7,328 Great Northern 283 283 26,511 23,697 Great North of Scotland Gt.Southn. & Westn.(lrind ) 229 2031 Great Western 466 466 32,784 33,097 Hull and Holderness Inverness & Aberdeen Juno: .52 15 639 - Irish South-Eastern 254 254 302 260 Killarney Junction 4l 41 228 435 Lancaster and Carlisle (in Kendal and Windermere) 1001 1 7,573 7,653 Lane. & Yrks.(in.Blackburn) 2991 299 24,012 24,441 Limerick and Foynes 261. 2 • 170 123 Llanelly 4O 1 447 414 & London North-Western London and Blackwall 54 5 3 1 1367 1,369 London & South-Western Lond. Brighton, &S. Coast: 19`24 18. 16,573 16,510 L'derry and Enniskillen Lond., Tilbury, & Southend 421 40 1,448 1,354 Man.,Sheffield,& Lincolnsh. 1731 1731 10,171 11,393 Manch. S.Jun.& Altrincham 94 91 797 1,611 Maryport and Carlisle Midland Midland Gt.Westn. of Irind: 177 177 4,271 4,066 Monkland 52 52 1 , 447 1,552 - Monmouthsh. Rail. & Canal 44 44 2,349 2,430 Newcastle and Carlisle 7B 78 3,187 3,40 3 Newport,Aberg.,& Hereford 50 43 1,348 1,09 0 North British (in. Dalkeith) 149 149 5,233 5,216 North Devon 35 35 572 519 North-Eastern 72 54 720 36,627 37,072 North London 9 9 2,382 2,269 North Staffordshire - - 233 233 '7,071 7,532 North-Western 464 464 985 991 N. Yorkshire and Cleveland 104 - 89 - Oxford, Wore., & Waver 9l 91 4,658 4,714 Peebles lB 18 204 202 St. Helen's Canal& Railway 30 30 2,000 1,751 Scottish Central 5O 50 3,441 3,421 Scottish North-Easte: n ll5 115 3,755 3,615 Shrewsbury - & Birmingham 294 . 291 1,969 1, 872 Shrewsbury and Chester Shrewsbury & Hereford Shropshire Union 29/ 291 915 985 South Devon - 57 2,535 2,710 South-Eastern 3013. 301 22,760 23,899 South Wales l7ll 171 7,129 7,682 S. Yorkshire and River Dun 108 108 2,961 2,332 Stockton and Darlington Taff Vale 55 38 3,761 4,375 Ulster Ulverstone and Lancaster Vale of Neath 251 251 1,601 1,720 Warrington and Stockport l2 12 - - Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 365 3.57 Waterford and Limerick West Cornwall 274 274 630 676 W.HartlepoolHarbrAßall 39 39 3,576 3,538 Whitehaven Junction l2 12 468 440 Whitehaven & Furness Jim 35 35 504 440 W'haven,Cleator,&4;nnnt 7 7 .570 25 3 FOREIGN AND COLONIAL Antwerp and Rotterdam 52 52 1,000 1,030 Austrian 727 673 33,571 35,3 89 Belgian Eastern Junction 261 261 365 39 6 Buffalo and Lake Huron Detroit and Milwaukie 1571 100 2,925 2,024 Dutch Rhenish - 1 1083. 3,099 3,02 2 .1. Grand Trunk of Canada Bl9 .849 8,818 10,282 Great Indian l'eninsula .130 . .88% 7- - Great Luxembour* Great Western of Canada 291 283 11,509 12,997 Lombardo-Venetian . 283 . 219 11,252 9,083 Lyons and Geneva 142 - 107 4,919 3,039 Madrid, SaragOSSa &Alicant 281 176 8,818 4,538 Maria Antonia' 2l 21 272 310 Northern of France ... Norwegian Trunk 44 41 776 717 Paris, Lyons, & Mediterrn 7Bl 781 74,428 00,185 Paris and Orleans Paris and Strasburg 979 791 ' 50,363 45,162 Royal Danish • 69 69 • 531 507 Sambre and Meuse' CS 68 1,254 1.207 Southern of France 624 577 18,423 13,888 West Flanders W. and N.W. of France • 621 594 41,778 39,026 .* Brantford Agricultural Exhibition. 1,03 0 398 3,271 * 2,024 3,022 10,282 THE DOCKYARDS.—The Admiralty have called fora list of all the inferior officers in our dockyards, with their ages, preliminary to another of the.prin4al officers and clrks, with their respeCtive Service Gazette. . . BIRTHS. Cocicriunw.—On the 18th inst., at Coates House, Edin burgh, the wife of Archibald D. Cockburn, Esq., of a son. GIRDLESTONE.—On the 20th inst., at 7, Upper West bourne-terrace, Hyde-park, the wife of Nelson Girdle stone, Esq., of the Admiralty, of a son. MURRAY.—On the 22d inst., at 3, Somers-place, Hyde park, the wife of Wm. Powell Murray, Esq., of Lincoln's Inn, of a son. WRITE.—On the 22d inst., at 45, Upper Bedford-place, Mrs. William White, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. BLAND--BAZALGETTE.—On the 21st inst., at St. Maryle bone Church, James Fox Bland, Esq., Captain in H.M• 76th Regt., to Frances Sarah, the daughter of Colonel Bazalgette, 3, Dorset-square. FILMER—HILL.---On the 21st inst., at St. George's, Has over-square, Sir Edmund Filmer, Bart., of East Sutton place, Kent, to Mary Georgiana Carolina, eldest daugh ter of Lord and Lady Marcus Hill. DEATHS. BURKE.—On the 22d inst., at 11, Kensington-park-villas, Notting-hill, Catherine Snell, widow of the late Major g O e r c l i the ' 21st inst., at Hastings, Henry L. Crosthwaite, eldest son of Mr. Thos. L. Cro.thwaite, 0 C ROS James Tl IIV B A uLk E e . Brixton, Surrey, aged 22. HA T.L.—On the 21st inst., at 19, Ampthill-square, the Rev. Samuel Hall, M.A., late incumbent of Billinger aged 76. GROVES. —On the 20th inst., at St. Helen's, Saml. Groves, of 38, Euston-road, London, aged 41. LOCKRART.—On the 21st inst., at the residence of his eldest son, Lanark Villa, Brixton, William Lockhart, Esq., late of the Corporation of the Royal Exchange Assurance, aged 79. OSWALD.—On the 20th inst., at Auchincruive, Lady Louisa Oswald, wife of Alex. Oswald, Esq., of Auchincruive. VALLANCE.—On the 21st inst., at 35, Cavendish-squarP , James Valiance, Esq., aged 63. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer,. at The. Sun Office, No, 1127 Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county of Middlesex, Saturday, October 23, 1858. 1y I Lady one Wear, has . an and in Contri gra, Inst an libert3 t o rem the 80 hour, half f( llood att en e Chain Cloak thu s , IL OF Conti, Th, All Reg 11 Ti the corn, open P TItI Char even gain phiti hail, etre( marl !.EC unix I . VON Tan DT 8 \ IP. A' Sens ki.eg pool Reatg, Under Thi ne of intq be Withoy The txPor Tea C the e Yard, Cap e ex iibi Gentli Xaval of mat Worn 1 Ta articl ( o e i kid con et ; .. , t• 4.n rar,