The Sun. — London, England, 1858-09-04 00:00:00

of itv and n ° Th e no t v i;; the The zOl are he d e ' eather' 0 4s ~a A 0 3 8 ` r.. Lek. A Ar, all th dtoliti to Oa tto Od to 60 eat, .o f c hola; Is, il' Tibe r° S. 6a n . 1 5$. ! ` pd u, 7as solif al, 155. 5' eg 11 D ot are 0 , 11 1-4 t Pr,dttl °i rren c ; lon 21b 3 t-o,cc; °nal n f tIF e F March , «1)u - . • -- f Cart' -street' 0 1(3 Wood - .1110 0 ' elo sio of 50. o o 1 - 10 0 ?„ cow' 1 fl" of hea rt ' Esq;,' ~of. VS ° 0. 112, utl GREAT INDIAN PENINSULA RAILWAY COMPANY. The Certificates of Shares of the 42,000,000 Capital, created in May last, are now ready, and Cart be obtained at this office in exchange for the Banker's Itec,eipts. THOS. R. WATT, Secretary. 3, New Broad-street, E.C., London, 1 4th Sept., 1858. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. WINDSOR and back for 2s. 6d., from Paddington.— Week days at 8.45 and 10.30 a.m.. returning at 6.35 and 8.5 m. On Sundays, from Paddington at 9 a.m., returning at ►.m. Taplow and back, on Sundays, for 2s. 6d., from Pad dington at 9 a.m., returning at 6.57 p.m. Henley and back for 35., from Paddington, at 9 a.m., returning at 8.55 p.m. GREAT WESTERN. RAILWAY. CHEAP EXCURSION to Oxford, Banbury, Leaming ton, Birmingham, Wolverhampton, Shrewsbury, Llangollen Road, Chester, Birkenhead, Liverpool, &c., from Paddington, on MONDAY, September 6, at 7 a.m., returning on Saturday, the 11th, from Liverpool (Landing Stage) at 8.30 a.m., and in termediate stations as per handbills. Fares—Oxford, 6s. 6d. and 4s. ; Banbury, Bs. and ss. ; Leamington or Warwick, 10s. 43 d. and 68. ; Birmingham, 12s. and 7s. ' • W e stbromwich, Wed tesbury, or Bilston, 12s. 6d. and 7s. 6d. ; Wolverhampton, 13s. and Bs. ; Wellington or Shrewsbury, 17s. and 10 s. ; Llang ollen. Road or Chester, 188. 6d. and 115. ; Birkenhead or Liverpool, 21s. and 12s. 6d. Children under 12, halt-price. LONDON AND NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY.—NORTH STAFFORDSHIRE GOODS TRAFFIC. • The Public are informed that the general Goods Traffic of Etoke, Stone, Leek, Congleton, Macclesfield, and Burslem, and CI Towns on the North Staffordshire Railway, are received at Camden, Haydon-square, and at all the London and North - Western Goods Offices in London. - - ---- -- Rates and other particulars may be obtained at the Com pany's Goods Offices in London, and at all the Offices of their Agents, Messrs. l'ickford awl Co. ; and at Messrs. Chaplin and Horne, who have made extensive arrangements, from Prompt collection and delivery in London, and in the Towns named. above. _ _ • By order. MARK HITISTI, General Manager Euston Station, London, August, 1858. BANK OF DEPOSIT. Established A.D. 1844. 3, PALL MALL EAST, LONDON. Parties desirous of Investing Money are requested to exa /nine the Plan of The Bank of Deposit, by which a high rate of interest may be obtained with ample security. The Interest is payable in January and July. PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. Forms for Opening Accounts sent free on application. aLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, NA USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, AND PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be THE FINEST STARCH SIZE EVER USED. Sold by all Chandlers; Grocers, &c., &O. GEORGE HOBSON begs to call the attention of Gentlemen to his New Autumnal Trousers, 21s. to 258 . Alsei his New Partridge Mixture Shooting Coats. Excellence with Economy. 'GEORGE HEstablishOßSON, ed 57,1796. Lombard-street. DRQFESS OR WILJALBA lillygraphic-hall, King William-street, Charing-cross. TWO HOURS OF ILLUSIONS.—One Month Only:—Pro lessor Frikeßbegs to announce his first appearance since his return from Russia, on Monday, Sept. 6, being his :last ap pearance previous to departure on a provincial tour. Per formance will take place every evening at 8; Saturday after noons at 3. Private boxes, one guinea; box stalls, ss. ; or chestra, stalls, 3s. ; area, 2s. ; amphitheatre, is. DELAIDE GALLERY CASINO, Lowther Arcade, Strand.—The above ROOMS are OPEN EVERY EVENING. The celebrated band of the Argyll Rooms kill play, by particular desire, selections from Il Trovatore, La raviata, and Rigoletto. Conductor, Mous. A. LAMOTTE. Principal cornet-a-piston, M. Boulcourt. Leader, Mr. Charles trail. Doors open at half-past 8, commence at 9. Admission, Is. DR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM Inarket) 3, TICHBOURNE-STREET (Opposite the Hay Open daily (for Gentlemen only). LECTURES by Dr. SEXTON at Four and Eight o'clock, on itn_portaut and interesting topics in connection with ANA TOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, and. PATHOLOGY (vide Pro grammes). Admission ONE SHILLING. DR. KAHN'S - NINE LECTURES ON THE PHILO SOPHY OF MARRIAGE, &c., sent post free, direct from the Author, on the receipt of twelve stamps. ALHAMBRA • PALACE, Leicester-square. The best Ventilated and Coolest Buildimr, in Europe.— Lessees, Messrs. Howes and Cashing. Entire Change of Per formance. Madame DELAVANTI will make a Grand Ascent on a portion of the Atlantic Telegraph Wire to the Dome of the Alhambra. Palace, being one hundred feet in height, and two hundred feet in length, a feat never attempted by any other artiste. WALLETT'S celebrated CIRCUS COMPANY. Extraordinary and brilliant success of the unrivalled Troupe of Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes and splendid Stud of horses. Two Performances daily. Midday Entertainment at half-past 2; Evening at 8 o'clock. Private boxes, £2 ; stalls, ss. ; reserved seats, 3s. ; boxes, 2s. ; pit, is. ; gallery, M. Box-office open from 10 a.m. until 5 p.m. No fees for booking places. Children under 9 years of age, half-price. ROYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL. Directors, Mr. R. Duren. Open, wet or dr'r, EVERY EVENING, from Monday till Friday, at 7 o'cloc.c. On Sa turdays at 3—the Military Band at 4. A may pole dance on the ballet stage, and country dances on the leviathan plat form, by Chapino's troupe, until 6, when the usual perform ances commence. Admission, is. ; children, Gd. Open on Sundays for promenade; refreshment tickets, Gd. each. Vocal and Instrumental Concert by unrivalled corps. In the Cirque Imperial, this evening, and during the week, an entirely new eque s trian company, of the most celebrated English and foreign, artistes under the direction of her Majesty's Clow .1, H. Croueste. Illumin3itions and Firework displays of um quailed brilliancy, surpassing every other exhibition in the Me tropolis. Dancing on the Leviathan Platform at 9, and after the fireworks. ROYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL. Mr. JAMES ROBINSON, the GREAT AMERICAN BARE BACK RIDER, having recovered from the effects of his recent aclident, will appear Every Evening during the Week. ROYAL GARDENS, VAUXHALL. •Mr. W. B. DONALDSON, the Celebrated ETHIOPIAN lIARMONIST, from the Broadway Theatre, New York ituthor of " I'm off to Charlestown," and other popular Negro melodies), will appear Every Evening during the Week. THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE.- it is only a short time since this singularly efficacious article of animal diet first made its appearance; and already its celebrity is world-wide. It has been a subject of wonder, and has puzzled many a brain to explain how this has been brought about. Yet when we are acquainted with a few facts concerning the food, our wonder will cease. A few days since, a, gentleman wrote, stating that he had a horse which was a perfect bag of bones." He tried all kinds of things to get the animal into condition, but in vain. He then bought some of Thorley's food ; and lie says the effect was wonderful. The horse rapidly grew fat, and in the course of a few weeks had gained no less than 12 stones. Again we find at the late a9:1 1 - cultural shows at Birmingham, Cardiff, &c., the animals which, carried off the highest prizes had been partly fed with Thor ley'a food for cattle. Such facts speak for themselves, and we are forced to the conclusion that its celebrity arises solely from its own intrinsic merits, and the great demand for it can proceed alone from the good opinion and testimony of those who have tried it. All parties interested in horses and cattle will do well to apply to 77, Newgate-street, Loudon, for a pamphlet which is sent post-free. APPETITE AND INDIGESTION IMPROVED -LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, and all Roast Meat, Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Cur ries, and Salad, and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safeguard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchnrch- Street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester ; also ty Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and merchants, London ; and generally by the Principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To guard against imitations, see that the names of "LEA and PERRINS " are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. NO MORE PILLS NOR ANY OTHER MEDICINE Indigestion (Dyspepsia), Conatipation, Flatulency, Phlegm. Nervousness, Biliousness, Liver Complaints, Hysteria. Neuralgia, Sleeplessness, Acidity, Palpitation, Heartburn. Eruptions, Impurities, Irritability, Low Spirits, Diarrhoea Remorrhoids, Headache, Debility, Despondency, Cramps . Spasms, Nausea, and Sickness (during pregnancy or at sea) Sinking Fits, Cough, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption also Children's Complaints, effectually removed by - 1 - 1 U BARRY'S delicious Health-Restoring REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, which saves fifty times Its cost in other remedies in illness, and is, moreover, the best food for infants and invalids generally, as it is the Only food which never turns acid on the weakest stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, but imparts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, and restores the faculty of digestion, and nervous and muscular energy to the most enfeebled. We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of gratitude from invalids :—Cure No. 71, of dyspepsia, from the Right lion. the Lord Stuart de Decies—" I have derived con aiderable benefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, stud consider it due to youhelves and the public to authorise Vic publication of these lines. Stuart de Decies." Cure No. 4 9,332. " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, ner timsness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomiting, have been removed by Barry's excellent Food. Maria Jolly, Wortham Ling, near 13 .—iss, Norfolk." Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Hazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herts, a cure of extreme ner- Veusness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous f an e,ies. Cure No. 48,31 4 . Miss Elizabeth Yeoman , Gateacre , near 4 , lverpool : a cure of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of con stipation, dyspepsia, nervous irritability. Cure No. 34,210. Dr. Shorland, of dropsysand debility. Cure No. 36,212. Cap tain Allan, of epileptic fits. Cure O. 443,116. Major Edie, of enlargement of the liver, and total prostration of strength. Cure No. 36,418. Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spasms, and daily vomitings. Cure No. 26,418. Dr. Harvey, of diarhoea and debility. Cure No. 39,628. Dr. Wurtzer, of consumption. Cure No. 32,830. Wm. Hunt, Esq., barrister, of paralysis. Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, wood merchant, Frimley, V thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver de l'anirement, partial deafness. Cure No. 58,816. Mrs. Hoize, aged 107 years', of dyspepsia (indigestion), debility, irritability, and nervousness, which had tormented her for 70 years. Cure 41 0. 56,814. Mr. Samuel Laxton, Leicester, of two years' diarrhoea. Cure No. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of Castle- Stuart, of many years' nervous irritability , bile, and indiges tion. Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of con sumption, after her medical advisers had abandoned all hopes of recovery. Cure No. 180. " Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, indigestion, and debility, from which I have suf fered great misery, and which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's Food in a Very short time. W. B. Reeves, 181 , Fleet - st reet, London." ""). 4,208. "Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted 'the advice of many, have been effectually Cured by Du Barry's health-restoring Food. I s hall Cu happy to answer any inquiries. Rev John W. Flaveli, Ttiddlington Rectory, Norfolk." No. 32,836. "Three YeArs' excessive nervousness, with pains in my neck and left arm, and general debility, which rendered my life very Miserable, has been radically removed by Du Barry's health restoring Food. Alex. Stuart, Archdeacon of Ross, Skib bereen." Cure No. 3,906. "Thirteen years' cough, indigos tien, and general debility have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Revalenta Arabica Food. James Porter, Athol- Street Perth." Important Caution against the fearfu l dan g er of spurious Imitations : The Vice-Chancellor Sir William Page Wood granted an Oinnetion on the 10th March, 18:4, against Alfred Hooper for imitating "Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food." Suitably packed for all climates, and with all instructions. In canisters, 11b., 2s. 9d. .• 21b. 45. 6d. ; 121 b., 225. Super re nebd qualitv 11b., ; 21b., As. ; 51b., 22s ; 101 b., 338. The tul and 1211). canisters are forwarded carriage free, on re- F9pt of Post-office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent street, London ; Fortnum, Mason. and Co., purveyors to her Majesty, 18'2, Piccadilly; James Well, 4n Sloane-street ; also araceehurch-strect • 330, 430, an d 451, Strand . ; 94, ; and 60, Bisho l psgate.steet ; 63, 150, and 198 J , vAtiPastreeti N O . 20,656. PUBLICATIONS. THE NEW NOVEL, VR A MLEIGH HALL , x: is Now Ready at all the Libraries, in Three Vols. " An excellent novel."—Athenmurn. " We have little doubt that this book will at once establish the author's reputation. The style is full of vigour, the de scriptions picturesque, and the delineation of character- true and life-like."—John Bull. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough street. ist published, New and Improved Edition, price One Shilling, THE CURABILITY OF CONSUMPTION; being a Series of Papers, presenting the most promi nent and important Practical Points in the Treatment of the Disease. By F. H. RAMADGE, M.D., Fellow of the College of Physicians, and late Senior Physician to the Royal Infir mary for Diseases of the Chest, &c. Also by the same Author, price 10s. Gd. ' A TREATISE ON ASTHMA AND DISEASES OF THE HEART. London : Lollol£lll, Brown; Green, and Roberts. HE MONEY BAG, a Magazine of Literature, T.- Politics, Finance. , Contents for September : Edith Clarel, with 111ustra- The Blind Leaders of Our Lion. Times. Railways Their Prospects Adventures in Search of a and Retrospects. Country Residence. The Dramatic College. Lizzy's Locket, &c. "A. union of wit and lyisdom."—Saturday Review. ' Price 'ls . .. London: D. F. Oako,lo, Piternoster-row ; and all book sellers. ' • - • tEIST'S RACING RECORD for 1858. Part VIII., price 3d., will be' published on the Ist of October. The Record, containing a complete calendar of Sport in England, Ireland, and Scotland, in 1857, and nomi nations for 1858, may be had, price two shillings. W. Wright, Fuiwood's Rents, Holborn. MO MORE PILLS nor any other MEDICINE for Indigestion (dyspepsia), habitual Constipation, Flatu lency, Acidity, Palpitation of the Heart, Torpidity of the Liver, Bilious _Headache, Nervousness, Biliousness, General Minty, Diarrhoea, Cough, Asthma, Consumption, Despondency, Spleen, &c. - • Send 2 penny stamps, and you will receive post free, 64 pages, the people's edition of " PERFECT HEALTH RESTORED," without pills, purgatives, or medicines of any kind, and with out expense, by a simple, pleasant, and infallible means which saves fifty times its cost in other remedies, adapted to the general reader. Supported by testimonials from the celebrated Professor of Chemistry, Dr. Andrew Ure, Dr. Shorland, Dr. Harvey, Dr. Campbell, Dr. Gattiker, Dr. Wurtzer, Dr. Ingram, and many thousand other respectable persons, whose health has been re stored by it after all other means of cure had failed. London : Barry du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, and through all Booksellers in Town and Country. ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 6, New Bridge-street, London. Established 1823. ADVANTAGES. Mutual Assurance. The lowest rates of Premium on the Mutual System. The whole of the profits divided every Fifth Year. An accumulated Capital of £1,695,000 During its existence the Society has paid in 1,540,000 Claims Reversionary Bonuses have been added to Po licies to the extent of The last Bonus, declared in 1854, averaged £67 per Cent, on the Premiums paid, and amounted 397,000 to Policies in force 7,621 The Annual Income exceeds In pursuance of the invariable practice of this Society, in the event of the Death of the Life Assured within the 15 days of grace, the Renewal Premium remaining unpaid, the Claim will be admitted, subject to the payment of such Premium. The next Division of Profits will be made in 1859. Assurances effected prior to 31st December, 1859, will par ticipate in the Division in 1864. Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained on appli cation to ALEXANDER MACDONALD, Secretary. 890,000 cIUN LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, London. L./ The Profits of this Society will be divided in future, Quinquennially instead of Septennially ; and Policies will participate at each division, after three annual payments of premium have been made, instead of five as heretofore. Policies effected now, or before Midsummer, 1860, will par ticipate in four-fifths, or 80 per cent., of the profits at the next division in January. 186.3, according to the conditions con tained in the Society's Prospectus. The Premiums required by this Society for insuring young lives are lower than in many other - old established Offices, and Insurers are fully protected from all risk by an ample guarantee fund in addition to the accumulated funds derived from the investments of Premiums. Policy Stamps paid by the Office. Prospectuses may be obtained at the Office in Threadneedle street, London, or of any of the Agents of the Society. CHARLES HENRY LIDDERDALE, Actuary. FIFTH DIVISION OF PROFITS. ORTH BRITISH INSURANCE COMPANY. -1- Established 1800. Incorporated by Royal Charter. President—His Grace the Duke of ROXBURGILg, K.T. Sir PETER LAURIE, Alderman, Chairman. • JOHN I. GLENNIE, Esq., Deputy-Chairman. William Borradaile, Esq. John Connell, Esq. Archibald Cockburn, Esq. P. Sorthall Laurie, Esq. R. r. Prichard, Esq. - Charles James Knowles, Esq., Q.C. - Solicitor—Alexander Dobie, Esq., Lancaster-place. Capital of One Million —accumulating Premium Fund £66-1,000. Revenue from Life Premiums alone £llO,OOO, annually in creasing. Nine-tenthi; or Ninety per cent. of the profits are septennially divided among the insurers on the participating scale of Pre miums. All Profit Policies effected during the current year will share in the Profits of Seven Years, and will secure a larger Bonus at every future division of Profits. The Bonus accumulations at last investigation ranged from 25 to 70 per cent. on the Premiums paid. ROBERT ST RACHAN, Secretary. 4, Bank Buildings, Lothbury, London, E.C. CONTRACTS FOR SALT BEEF AND SALT PORK. Department of the Comptroller for Victualling, Somerset House, July 30, 1858. THE COMMISSIONERS for Executing . the office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, •do Hereby give Notice, That on THURSDAY, the 30th Sept. next, at half-past 1 o'clock, they will be ready to treat.with such persons as may be willing to CONTRACT for Supplying- and Delivering into her Majesty's Victualling Stores at the under-mentioned Ports, the following quantities of • SALT MEAT, of the cure of any country, and all of the cure of the present season, viz.:— Navy Beef. Navy Pork. Tierces. Br's. Tierces. Brls. Deptford 4,500 6,500 .... 9,500 4,700 cir'psport . l,OOO 7,500 .. 5,000 1,700 Plymout h l,OOO 1,500 .... 1,500 800 lia ulbowline Their Lordships reserve to themselves the power, when the tenders are opened, of contracting either for the whole, or for snch part thereof only as they may deem fit, or for a greater quantity, or of not contracting for any, and also an unlimited power of selection. A separate tender must be given for the Beef and a separate tender for Pork, and every tender must specify where the meat is intended to be cured. Persons tendering for more than one port must give a sepa rate tender for each port. The Beef and Pork to be delivered into the respective stores as follows, viz. :—one-third of each quantity for each place by the 31st of January, 1859 ; another third thereof by the 15th day of March, 1850 ; and the remainder thereof by the 30th day of April 1859, or any greater portion, or the whole, at any earlier period, if preferred by the party tendering, and to be paid for by bills payable in seven days from and atter the re spective dates thereof. Parties tendering are desired to take special notice that the use of wooden hoops is abolished, and that IRON HOOPS only will be required for the casks, in accordance with the conditions of the revised form of contract. A form of the tender may be obtained, and the conditions of the revised contracts, to which particular attention is called, may be seen at this Office ; at the Victualling Yards at Gos port and Plymouth ; or by applying to the Agent Victualler at Haulbowline ; or to the Collectors of her Majesty's Cus toms at Bristol, Limeeek, Belfast, Waterford, and Newry ; or to the Secretary to the Postmaster-General at Dublin; or to the Commander conducting the Packet Service at Liver pool ; or to the Resident Agent for Transports at Leith. No tender will be admitted for a less quantity than 100 tierces or 100 barrels. No tender will be received after half-past 1 o'clock on the day of treaty, nor any noticed unless made on the printed form provided for the purpose ; but it will not be necessary that the party tendering, or an agent appointed by him, should attend at this office , as th e result of the offer received from each person will be communicated to him and his pro posed sureties in writing. Bills in payment for any beef or pork delivered into her Majesty's Stores will be sent to parties upon transmitting the usual certificates of receipt. Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Ad miralty, and bear in the left-hand corner of the envelope the words "Tender for Salt Meat," and " Comptroller for Vic tualling ;" and must also be delivered at Somerset House. ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New and improved Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, just pub- , lished, price, free by Po tired ls. HE SILENT FRIEND : ' A Medical Work T on the physical exhaustion and decay of the f he rame, rious from the effects of solitary indulgence, infection, and t injurious consequences from the use of Mercury : with observations on the obligations of marriage, and directions for obviating cer tain disqualifications. By R. and L. PERRY and byJ. Co., Sur- Allen, gems. Consultations as usual (see page 20, Warwick-lane, paternoster -row ; San g er, 160, Oxford- 7). Sold street ; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely balsamic : its power in reinvigorating the frame in all cases of nervous and sexual debility, obstinate gleets, impo tency, barrenness, a nddebilities arising from venereal:excesses, has been demonstrated by its unvarying sucess in thousands of cases. Price lls. per bottle, or four quantities in one for 338., which saves lls. The " CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-svphilitic remedy, for purifying the system, and is recom mended for any of the varied forms of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the skin, blotches on the head and face, en largements of the throat, tonsils, and uvula ; threatened destruction of the nose, palate, &c. Its action is purely e 1, gleet, deter sive,Prircentlisn. ,a , n s d p 33 u s ß . p w er y b l o N tt G le, s a ip l E so c a ur sa l v c in i g g o L f i lp n . and its beneficial infl u ence on the system is undeniable. stricture, and diseases of th e ur i nar y effectual remedy in either sex fo r a ll cases of gonorrlu ricen st 2 t u s . t e 9 a d n . organs. 4s. 6d., and lls. per. box. Sold by Daniel Church, 7R, Gracechurch-street, City ; Bart ley-Hooper, 43, King William-street (four doors from London bridge) ; G. F. Watts, 17, Strand ; W. Sutton and Co , 10, Bow churchyard ; W. Edwards, 67, St. Paul's-churchyard , I) Nen J. Sanger, 150, Oxford Street ; Hannay and "t • I •ie rie , 63, Oxford-street ; Butler and Harding, 4, Chen side • ' Trout and ir sant, 229, Strand, and all medical vendors throughout t ie United Kingdom. [ADvEßT isEmENT.i—Holloway's Ointment an d Pill s effectual in the cure o Scrofula.--Copy of a letter from Mr. Campbell, of Hastings.—To Professor Holloway.— Sir—l am happy to bear witless to the wonderful efficacy of your medicines in cases of scrofula. A friend of mine was swerely afflicted with this complaint for several years, indeed so bad that several experienced surgeons said he wini incurable. After all hopes of recovery, a friend persuaded him to try your medicines ; and the consequence was, that ho has now entirely got rid of his complaint. Rub in the ointmeat twice a day on the part affected, Take the pill* accordin3 to the priutvd dinntnne. - • a , / 6.. 2 ''") r ry ---`, . .." . • ..-", 4 .." , T e I T n T.• - ""r''' .- -T - - ) r /7 ~.. , r.....,../ . . 1 / 4 ._. t r..... - + = • - 41 - - 6106 . _ .., ..- t _ _____ 0 :8 4 -‘ 1 ' ---- -'. e•A r f , . ( 1131 • 3. - , it , i 1,...,... 44 , , • \\" Ise • \\' 1 (:ks'l ' i /.`'‘ .a rV , ..:-A k ' lt . ~., „1, .... ~., ~...N.r._,,.,,,, _,...........4y Xtri + i f ' 1 ...., ...,,..,.. ..", "...P.' _ 4 ' ", ir 'I . ' - ' f l o 7 : ' '' 06 :17 , ''.: --''' It: .____ .. t -...,, ' . Gel . -4, • , '-'0 D - / , ~. 46.,,,,,,,,, . , ~..' 4,.... "„ "..!.eri 0 Roir • Vi . \ , „..,---,..-.-- -4100 A al, C ff \ E t •%.! I . ...,. .. ...._ PRICE 4D . STAMPED, 5D borrowing - powers, or creation of new preference shares or guarantees. Directors.---Number in no case to be less than nine or more than twelve ; to be required to: hold a very much farger amount than hitherto in the ordinary stock during his seat; and twelve months previously, 'to be certified by public - auditor on election. Power to the new tribunal of the houses of Parliament to direet.prosecittion of directors or auditors, if print , / facie evidence be exhibited of fraudu lent or illegal practices. Auditors.---Qualifications as above for directors. I am, sit, your obedient servant, A RAILWAY SHAREHOLDER. Col. J. 'Wilson Patten, M.P. ,/ PRINCESS' 8 THEATRE. Mr. C. Kean brought his season to a .close last night, and in obedience to a warm and general summons, at the end of the play addressed his audience in the following terms : " Ladies and Gentlemen,—At the close of each successive season it has been my custom to address a few words to'you in thankfulness your for kindness and support. The present year, from various circumstances, in part unavoidable and in part unexpected, has been to me a -period of great re sponsibility, anxiety, and fatigue, relieved, however, by expressions of public feeling and sympathy, the memory of Ns-I*h can (Duly fade with life. Contrary to my original intention, I feel compelled, from the mental and bodily strain I have undergone, to seek a few weeks' comparative repo-e, that I may be the better able to bring to a success ful terraination my next and last season. Permit me, therefore, to take this opportunity of announcing myin tention- of re-opetaing -this house on Saturday, the 2d of October, and at the same time to state, that on the 2d of July next I shall take my final leave as director of the Princetis's Theatre. In the meantime, ladies and gentle men, allow me, in Mrs. Kean's name -as well as my own, respectfully and gratefully to bid you farewell." HaVing in the course of a single season played the four great characters—Hamlet, Louis XI., Lear, and Shylock— Mr. Kean at last seeks a temporary repose, and . closes his theatre till the 2d of next month. Vast, indeed, have been his labours since the opening - of the Princess sin the autumn of-last year. The great tragedians of former days conti nually interrupted their toils by intervals of rest, deeming the performance of a tragic part six times in a week too much for human endurance. Indeed a reference to the bills of old Covent-garden, or old Drury, will show a per petual variation of performers, tragedy commonly alternat ing with comedy, so that the leading artistes were able to relieve each other. Had John Kemble or Edmund Kean heard that one man had played King Lear for 30 or 40 successive nights beforp a London public, they would simply have thought that an attempt was made to impose on their ' credulity. It is well for the younger men of the present generation to be aware of these facts. They have been in the habit 'of seeing Mr. Charles Kean's performances in some arduous character announced night after night till they have been led to imagine that one of the most Hercu lean tasks which an actor could undertake belongs to the ordinary duties of his profession. In a word, what Mr. Charles Kean now does as a matter of course, would, in the "palmy days of the drama," have been considered a miracle. Let us briefly review the characters we have just enume rated. Hamlet is the scholar, the gentleman, and the sol dier, the " fashion and the mould of form," with grace in every movement, and with all the attributes of youth, save its joyous hopefulness. His tender, loving nature is bur dened With an affair to which his temperament is ill suited —the office of an avenger ; and he would fain believe that the .supernatural voice which appoints him to a mission so revolting is but an illusion and a cheat. Longing to spread ous his arms . to embrace his fellow men, circumstances com pel him to become • a moody, solitary dreamer. How ad mirably is the very complex character of Hamlet appre hended and represented by our great tragedian, with all the peculiarities imbibed from nature and produced by ad verse fortune ! How perfect is the polish of his- manner— how sad are his reflections—how quick his emotions—how clearly is the gentleness of his heart visible through all vicissitudes. Then we come to Louis XI., a man of whose nature love forms no element ; all, in fact, that Hamlet is not. If cir cumstances in any way afflict him, it is only so far as may to stimulate his energies and enable him to triumph over every obstacle. The task of setting to rights a dis jointed world, which to Hamlet was so abominable, is a delight to Louis, and he likes to perform it in the most crooked and perfidious way. Worshipping his own crown, -he chiefly respects it because it assists him in becoming the grandest trickster of his age. If there was no such thing as another world (as if be could by any possibility destro' his belief in it), Louis would be the happiest of mortal But his abject superstition, and the consequent fear of death, are constant bars to his enjoyments, rendering him the slave of his doctor, while he tyrannises over everybody else. ' None can ever forget the finished portraiture of in dividual character accomplished by Mr. C. Kean when re presenting the wily King of France. Exquisitely humor ous was the oscillation between earthly cupidity and religious terror,. till the more fearful element predominated ; and as the. curtain fell on the wicked, withered, wasted King, we almost shuddered to think we had smiled at villanies which would lead to a result so awful. From this earthiest of characters Mr. Charles Kean at. once soared up to the almost superhuman woes of Lear—a man so grand in sorrow, and so remote from all connection with real history, that we may almost regard him as a mythical incarnation of paternal grief. The sarcasms spoken in madness he delivered with all the point and subtlety which are so remarkable in Louis XI.; but in the hurricane of rage, despair, and sorrow which shakes the bosom and racks the brain of the aged British monarch, he displayed an amount of power which only a Shakapeare could de mand. The intensity of the curse—the struggle of love with the sense of wrong—the abandonment to a momentary rapture on the recognition of Cordelia—ean never pass from the mind of any one who has seen our great tragedian in this mighty part. Nor should it be forgotten that the actor, while representing the outbursts of unrestrained pas sion, must never lose sight of the fact that he is depicting a man suffering from the decrepitude of age.. He must seem to be urged by the mere force of his emotions, but in reality all his artistic coolness is required to enable him to represent the part with individual truthfulness. In com bining the wildness of passion with the curb of senility, Mr. C. Kean achieved the highest triumphs as a native genius and an accomplished artiste. The character of Shylock is so immediately before the theatrical world, that we need scarcely recapitulate its pe culiarities. We would only remind our readers of the humanising effect of Mr. Charles Kean's acting ; how care ful he is that the Jew, often treated as a man-demon, should stand forth as a man and a brother, not naturally malignant, but forced with cruelty by the wrongs heaped upon himself as one of a fallen people. Mrs. C. Kean, by the exquisite delivery of Portia's speech on mercy, does not more thoroughly convince us of the divinity of that attribute, than Mr. C. Kean proves to us that Shylock him self would not have been opposed to her doctrine had he lived in a land where the Hebrew is exposed to no special indignity, but is allowed to take his place among his Chris tian brethren. These four great characters, we repeat, h a ve all been acted by Mr. Charles Kean within the limits of a single season, one for the first time, the rest after an interval of some years. The stupendous difficulty of the task thus self-imposed was only equalled by the wondrous excellence with which it was performe d b y our great tragedian. At the end of next season the Princess's Theatre will have have ceased to exist in its present exalted character, as the restorer of the utterance of Shakspearian poetry, and as the source of historical instruction to the multitude of any class. For it would be vain to hope for another man combining, in the highest degree, the attributes proper to the greatest tragedian and manager, together with the qua lities of the gentleman, scholar, and the enthusiast in his art. The loss of Mr. Charles Kean will be irreparable. [ADVERTISEMENTI—SIGIIT AND HEARING.—SPEC TACLES.--POWERFUL T E LESCOPES.—OPERA, RACE, AND PERSPECTIVE GLASSES.7S. and B. Solemons, opticians, 39, Albermarle-Street, Piccadilly. Observe—opposite the York Hotel, W. B y her Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for valuable and extraordinary improvements in the most powerful and brilliant Telescopes, Camp, Race-course, Opera, and Perspective Glasses, to know the distances. These. Telescopes possess such extraordinary power that some, three and a half inches, with an extra eye-piece, will show distinctly Jupiter's moon, Saturn's rings, and the double stars ; with the same telescope can be seen a person's countenance three and a half miles distant, and an object from 16 to 20 miles. For the waistcoat pocket, and are of larger, and all sizes, with increasing powers accordingly. The Royal Exhibition, 1851. A valuable, newly-invent ed, very small, powerful Waistcoat-pocket Glass, the size of a walnut, by which a person can be seen and known one and a half mile distant. They answer every purpose on the Race-course and at the O pera -houses. Country scene r y and ships are clearly seen at 12 to 14 miles. They are in valuable for shooting, d eers t a lking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentlemen, gamekeepers, and tourists. Opera, Camp,Per spective, and Race-course Glasses, with wonderful powers. —lnvaluable persevering Spectacle Lenses of the greatest transparent power. The great advantage derived from this invention is, that vision impaired becomes preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occupation—can see with those lenses of a much less magnifying power—and they do not require the frequent changes to the dangerous effects of further powerful assistance. Persons can be suited at the most remote part of the world by sending one of the glasses out of their spectacles in a letter, and ating the distance from the eye they can read small print with it, and those who have not made use of spectacles by stating their age. Deafness.—New Discovery.—The Organic Vibrator, an ex traordinarily powerful, small, newly-invented instrument for deafness, entirely different from all others, surpassing anything of the kind that has been, or probably can be, pro duced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not per ceptible. It enables deaf persons to hoar distinctly at church and at public assemblies ; the unpleasant sensation of singing noises in the ears is entirely removed, and it affords all the assistance that possibly could be desired.-39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, opposite the York liotel, W. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 4, 1558. SUPPRESSION OF THE GOTERNOR GENERALSHIP OF ALGERIA. The Moniteur of yesterday announces the sup pression of the office of Governor-General of Algeria, and publishes the following reports and decrees : REPORT TO THE EMPEROR. The creation of a Minister of Algeria and of the Colonies must necessarily cause some modifications in the organisation of the public authorities in Algeria, and the greatest as well as the most im portant of these changes is the suppression of the powers which have hitherto devolved on the Go vernor-General. These high .functions must now be divided between the special minister and the local authorities by a wise decentralisation. This arrangement is the more convenient since your Majesty has chosen' that the new Minister of Al geria shOuld exercise his authority in Algeria as well as in France. I do not hesitate, then, to propose to your Ma jesty to suppress the functions of a Governor-Gene ral. A twofold centralisation—at Algiers and at Paris—is a great inconvenience and a real obstacle to the prompt despatch of business: Permit me to explain to your MajCsty what are the fundamental principles which necessitate the measure which I propose, and what is the real condition of Algeria. Strongly desirous of the progress of this country, the Emperor wishes, while continuing to ensure the submission and tranquillity of the Arabs by means of a sufficient army, that the chief end of his go vernment should be colonisation. For that, besides security, more liberty is needed. Algeria cannot be compared to any of the great foreign possessions. In India the government is employed in extending colonisation by means of native chieftains ; in the United States the estab lishment of Europeans takes place' by the extermi nation or expulsion of the Indians. Nothing simi lar can be accomplished in Africa ; our difficulties arc much greater ; we have a warlike race to re strain and civilise, a population of emigrants to attract, a fusion of races to obtain a higher civili sation, to develop, by the application of the great discoveries of modern science. We are in the pre sence of an armed and vigorous nation, which must be extinguished by assimilation, and of a rising European population. We must reconcile all these op posing interests. Hence arises the line marked out for military and civil functions in Algeria. Up to this moment the results obtained have involved verygreat sacrifices, occasioned chiefly by the necessity of con quest and the obligation of leeping up a considerable army for the maintenance of complete security. It is time that the conquered territory, which ex tends over two hundred and twenty-five leagues of coast, and illimitable extent towards the interior, should produce a revenue sufficient gradually to cover the expenses and reward the sacrifices of the mother country. Algeria is divided into three provinces, which are themselves subdivided into military territories and civil territories. The former, in which the Arab element is almost exclusive, are administered by generals, because it is acknowledged that mili tary authority is best suited to the manners and traditions of the native inhabitants. The second, in which the European clement prevails, and which are sufficiently civilised to admit of a preponderance of civil institutions, are placed under the charge of prefets. In the military territories some Arab chiefs exercise, under the superior authority of the generals, an influence which we ought to lessen and gradually destroy altogether. It should be our aim to develop individual action, and to sub stitute for the aggregate action of the tribe indivi dual responsibility, property, and taxation, so as thoroughly to prepare the native populations for passing under the civil regime. In the civil terri tories we must relax the strict guardianship which is kept over men's persons and interests. The moment is come for granting freer and more direct action to local authority, by permitting it to act with more independence and, as a necessary conse quence, more responsibility. In a word, the Minister must allow the admini strators, whether generals or prefets, greater lati tude, and only interfere in matters of importance and general interest. To govern from Paris, and administer on the spot, dividing the administration in the way I have just pointed out, this is the plan which seems to me best adapted to develop rapidly the prosperity of our possessions in North Africa. The statesmen who have studied the Algerian ques- tion for twenty-five years have been almost unani mous i~rpointmgout this course, though perhaps such an opportunity for following it has never oc curred before. - With these views, your Majesty will sec that the centralisation of the government at Algiers becomes a useless contrivance. In fact, there are only two rational plans of effecting the progress which your Majesty wishes ; either to give more power to the Governor-General by transporting all the service to Algieria and making him Minister ; or to supersede the Governor-General by appointing a special minister. These two plans have been submitted to you, and you have chosen the latter. There is urgent need of satisfying public opinion, which looks for a solu tion of these grave questions from the Emperor's government. Your Majesty will not wish that the minister, the only person responsible to the Empe ror, should bear the weight of a false position - which he could not get over. The state of Algeria may be summed us as fel lows :—Much good has been done, immense results have been obtained; but we must not hide from ourselves that there are abuses to be put an end to, and that to put an end to them demands vigorous and unanimous action. The conquest and security of the country are complete, thanks to the glorious efforts of our army; crimes are rare, roads and ypro perty are safe, the taxes a re p aid, and y et there is scarcely an colonisation — scarce l y 200,000 Euro peans, of whom half are French; less than 100,000 persons engaged in agriculture, Capital is scarce and dear, the spirit of enterprise is extinguished, property has to be established in the greatest part of the territory, discouragement is created among the colonists and capitalists who come to fertilise the soil of Algeria ; such is the real situation of the country. The suppression of the functions of Governor- General will render the action of the government easier ; it will give to the minister andli the local authorities full liberty of action, and simp rity and facilitate obedience. Coming from the centre of the government, the autho rit y will be fy more powerful and more regular, and thus all pos sibility of conflicts will disappear. In short, why keep up, together with a special minister, a Gover nor-General for a possession distant 36 hours from the mother country? Moreover, an opportunity occurs at this moment. M. le Marechal Bandon has given in his resigna tion. Your Majesty has accepted it. The moment is favourable. The reform which I propose would not weaken the services of the high dignitary whom your Majesty had desired to keep at the head of the army of Algeria ; it will only establish the suc cess of that ruler whose services, during the long period of his command, have made the new organi sation possible, by showing how much his zeal and devotion have assured our conquest. But while demanding that the government in Algeria should become more free and independent, I reserve altogether the military question. In this respect the centralisation at Algiers ought to be kept intact, and the command of the army to re main in the hands of a single chief. The military power of the Governor-General will be exercised by a commander-in-chief of the army of Africa, who will be responsible for the security of the country and its frontiers. He will make use of the army and the naval force devoted to Algeria, for the prompt suppression of every attempt at disorder. The Commander-in-Chief, whom I propose to sub stitute for the Governor-General, will be, with greater powers, in a position like that of the marechaux titulaires of the superior commands of the active and territorial divisions of France. His relations with the administrative and judicial autho rities will be regulated according to the same prin ciples ; the prefects administering the civil terri tories and particularly the generals administering the military territories, will report to him all that concerns the general situation and security of the country. Besides, he will provide according to circum stances, and under his responsibility, for every urgent measure required in order to cause the autho rity of the Emperor to be respected and to ensure the execution of the laws. But administration will be out of the sphere of his attributes both in civil and in military territory. His relations with the different ministries of Algeria and the colonies, of war, and of marine, will be regulated by the rules approved by your Majesty, in consequence of my report of July 29. Thus the civil and military functions at present devolving on the Governor- General are entirely re-distributed. We have a right, sire, to expect the best results from this reorganisation of powers. Each several authority will have better defined and larger powers, business will be more promptly settled, and public and private interests will be placed in closer communication with those whose duty it will be to do justice to them. The military authority rt♦maining, to it 9ught t 9 dtt .concentrated in c/110 hand in Algeria, and the administrative authority being committed entirely to the prefects in the civil and to the generals in the military terri tory, lastly, the minister haN ing recovered his liberty of action, and being thus enabled to accept a serious responsibility—:such will be the consequences of the measure which I have -Cie - honour to propose to your Majesty. YOu - may hope, sire, in this - way to make col° , nisation fruitful, and to attract the current of Euro pean emigration to Algeria, by the simple and salu tary principles of security and justice for all—for Frenchmen, Europeans, and natives—and of the successful emancipation of men and of interests. Your Majesty's devoted cousin, NAPOLEON, Minister, &c. The foregoing report is followed by imperial de crees, suppressing the functions of the Governor- General of Almeria, together with those of the council of government assigned to that dignitary, instituting a superior command of the military- and naval forces in the colony, - and appointing thereto Marie-Edme,Patrice-Maurice de M'Mahon r senator and general of division. TRUE REMEDY FOR THE DISTRESS OF THE RAILWAY INTEREST. Under this head the following letter has been circulated : • July, 1858. Sir,—llaving for several years taken an active part in the direction of one of the leading railway companies, I ven ture to address you, as chairman of the committee lately appointed by thellonsrat Commons to consider the state of legislation with regard to railways, in the hope that I may be able to throw some light on the nature and causes of the adverse circumstances under which they are labour ing. It is absurd to call railways a commercial speculation or investment, or a partnership body, in the ordinary sense of those words. Not only does Parliament, in granting powers to construct a railway, undertake by causes as to tolls, con trol, &c., to protect the public on one side, but by such limi tations it also gives the railway company a title to expect that as far as the district granted is concerned, Parliament will not prevent its having a fair return on the capital authorised to be expended, the amount of which Parliament also has controlled, either by limiting it to tue proved estimate of cost of construction, or by compelling, in many cases, a larger expenditure than for the . simple construction would be deemed necessary, in deference to the wishes of a locality or the views of the Board of Trade. The present depression of the railway interest is owing to two causes :-Ist. Want of action of the proprietary body, by which the entire management is thrown into the hands of a self-perpetuated body of directors, who for the most part have very little interest in the success of the under taking. 2d. The injurious manner in which the powers of legislation are exercised by Parliament. The entire absence of action on important points of the proprietary body, except under the most exceptional and ex traordinary circumstances, must bo admitted as a fact by all in any way conversant with railways. The cause of this is obvious—it arises from the difficulty, amounting to impos sibility, of moving a body consisting, in the case of the larger railway companies, of many thousands of individuals (a large proportion females and trustees*) in opposition to their re cognised leaders. The half-yearly meetings, which alone are tolerably attended, usually do not comprise a twentieth part of the whole body of proprietors ; so that let a case be ever so clear, let the meeting be ever so unanimous, the directors can always carry their point by means of the proxies which their position enables them to procure. This is souniversally recognised thaeopposition is scarcely ever attempted, and when attempted has still more rarely been successful. Such success has never been attained ex cept as the result of an organisation. continued for a consi derable period, sometimes for years, always attended with great labour and expense, and has usually been too late to obviate the mischief sought to be remedied. In a recent case, in which the affairs of one of the leading companies presented a spectacle of the greatest and most accumulative disaster, resulting entirely from the reckless policy pursued by the directors for a series of years, a well organised at tempt‘to produce some change in the constitution of that body entirely failed of success. So much for the cause o; want of action of the proprietors ; now for its consequences. The directors of the company, after the first election, are practically appointed by their OUR body. The sole qualifi cation is holding a certain amount of the stock of the com pany, usually £l,OOO, never more than £2,000, and this may consist entirely of preference stock, guaranteed a dividend by the shareholders at large. The qualification of a direc tor in a leading railway which has recently been promi nently before the public XManclirte›,§lieffield, and Lin colnshire), is at this moment puicliaseable in .the market for £365. On the other hand, the remuneration received by the directors is usually merely nominal, and rarely exceeding the salary of a third-rate clerk. It is true that a direction almost always includes some members who have a large pecuniary interest in the concern ; but the instances in which that interest bears so considerable a proportion to the whole fortune of the holder as to make it worth his while to give much of his time, thought, and attention to the affairs of the company, are very rare indeed, so rare as to leave little hope from the self-interest of :directors, be sides that something more than zeal, good intentions, and .eisure are requisite to make a director's services. really valuable. It may be said that proprietors can elect whom the;, please, and the responsibility is on them to see that fit per sus are appointed ; but here again, also, it must be remem-o bered that only a small portion of the directorial body is by act of Parliament removable annually, that the board has the most favourable position for procuring proxies to secure the re-election of its retiring members, that so large a pro portion of the whole capital is held by females, trustees or executors, parties unaccustomed or indifferent to these things, that under the present scale of voting it is possible for a small set of men to split their shores and carry a meet ing, that individual parliamentary influence, rather than business habits, of the candidates is at present essential for protection of the property, and that there is no inducement attached to the office for men of commercial experience to join themselves to these boards. In the old stage competitions, and in the conduct of ordinary mercantile or manufacturing business, those who manage have their own property at stake ; but the pecu liarity of the railway case is that these great concerns are in the hands of directors whose pecuniary interest in the re sult of the business is very small. The affairs of a great railwas company are of the most extensive and complicated character requiring a knowledge of every branch of com mercial business, demanding constant exercise of the highest powers of application and judgment. When affairs of this kind are submitted to a body of mere amateurs, such as are the great bulk of railway directors, is it surprising that the entire control should be usurped by secretaries, managers, and other officials, who by their more unremitting attention possess just that degree of knowledge of the subject in hand which enables them to defeat all suggestions with regard to it but their own ? The result is that railway companie sare always drifting into or out of difficulties in accordance with the varying humours or quarrels of their officers ; while the directors, without reference to the general guidance of the business they have undertaken to manage, give their decisions on partial and imperfect knowledge, put the seal of their own character and nominal responsibility on the actions of managing officers behind, who are virtually ir responsible, and who, whatever amount of injury they may inflict upon the the concern, are left not merely without animadversion, but with undisturbed power to lead it it into new disasters. I would adduce in confirmation of the views I have just endeavoured to unfold, the case Of she largest of the r ailways, viz., the London and North- Western. If you will direct your attention to the vast amo unt of capital brought into play by this company since its consolidation in 1846 t (at which date the capital expen diture amounted to £16,300,000 againss £33,000,000 in 1857, to say nothing o f guarantees to the ext en t o f se veral millions which the company had, in the meantime, under taken), and if you reflect upon the very small portion of his amount which can be regarded as profitably invested ; if you think upon how large a proportion the loss is enor mous, upon how very considerable a proportion it is total if, moreover, y ou take into consideration, in connection with these circumstances, the fact that thr oug h o ut the en tire period the aff airs of this company have been ostensibly under the control of a body of directors, including in their number many men of great ability, of extensive acquaint ance with railway matters and general business, and of un impeachable hon our, it will, I think, be evident that such a series of errors, such a uniformity of misfortune, could not have occurred without some radic a l d e f ec t o f s p s t e m. I think it impossibl e to believe that, if each addition to the original undertaking had been . submitted to the judgment of a body of men of adequate intelligence, and actuated by a proper sense of the responsibility attaching to their posi tion, sufficiently numerous to obviate th e d anger o f defer ringj to individual u dgment, nor yet too many to allow of each member mastering the prospects, n o t mer ely of the particular scheme , but also its general bearings on the un dertaking at large---the results would not have been very different from what we actually find them. The position of the Great Western Company, incorpor a t e d i n 1835, and now, after 2 3 ears' existence, not paying one iota of divi- " In the London and North-Western C om p an y alone, it is estimated that £6,000,000 out of a total share capital of £25,500,000 is held by females and trustees, exclusive of trusts in single names, clergymen and executorships. t In the latter half of 1846 the company distributed amongst its shareholders, in dividend, upwards of £600,000, which had been earned by lines costing only about £14,000,000. In the present half-year, after the expendi ture of 20 additional millions, the sum paid, as dividend, will be less than £500,000. It would be difficult to point out £2,000,000 of the additional capital which has not been A kWh - • decd to the original prorietors on a capital of several mil lions sterling, might be exhibited as another example, even yet stronger, in confirmation of Whas has been said, but it is not needed._ • Undoubtedly the course pursued by'the Legislature has tended materially to stimulate and aggravate the disastrous , ktate of things. When Parliament adopted unreservedly the. plinciple of competition, lines were set on foot which, in themselves, were worthless and in no way desirable; except as enabling one company to rob another of advantages of which is :was in the enjoyment, to the certain eventual injury of both parties ; or as pntting it in the power of speculators. tO force from the terrors of a prosperous company, an ex orbitant remuneration for a worthless scheme. Take as an example of the first kind, the Oxford and Birmingham Railway, bought up by the Great Western at 50 per cent. premium, for the purpose of enabling the latter to compete with the North-Western ; as an example of the second character, the Trent Valley, which was sold to the North-Western before a sod was turned, for a consideration which, at that time, was worth 100 per cent. premium ; there are numerous other examples. It would be beside my purpose to enlarge on the evils which ensued froni the reckless rivalry thus' unsparingly encouraged : the millions of money absolutely wasted in parliamentary contests, the mad schemes set afloat, the neglect of the real business of the companies which ensued. There cannot be a doubt, however, that Parliament did not act fairly in arbitrating . between the railway proprietors and tho public, and while neglecting or destroying the interests of the one, it As equally certain that they have mistaken those of the otyer. Nist only - content with, protecting the public by maximum rates of a dividend and by fixed-fares and tolls, &e., subject to parliamentary revision, as if to render nugatory and im possible the latter provision, the principle of competition has been admitted also, , mid this principle has been acted on without the slightest inquiry as to whether the line to be injured is earning excessive or even adequate remuneration. By continuing to act in this manner, Parliament will eat out the heart of the enteprise of the country. For several years past ithas been impossible to raise up an independent railway company. No man will be mad enough to ad vance his money for any such scheme. It is only by helpless shareholders in companies already constituted, who are worried to death by fears of Parliament, law yers, engineers, and secretaries, that anything of the kind is attempted. Against those helpless shareholders it is that Parliament has held out threats that competition would everywhere be encouraged, at the same time it enticed them on to destruction by equally holding out that powers are to be had to buy off that .competition at any price, rising in proportion to its damaging effect. The principles which ought to regulate the granting of railway bills have never been under discussion in Parliament, otherwise the ruinous fallacies which have so long passed current on this head would never have been obtained. To suppose that when a company is in possession of the traffic between two places, and does not earn half its maximum dividend, the sanction ing a competing line between those places will reduce the freights and fares to the public is the merest fallacy ; and it is a ruinous fallacy, because not only will no such effect be produced, but the money wasted in the useless com peting line is so much capital lost to the commonwealth. It is not too much to say that a sum equal to 100 millions sterling has been lost to the public by railways in this way. Look back so short a time as the session of 1854-5, and you will find a committee of the House of Commons requiring a pledge from the unwilling shareholders of the London and South-Western Company, under penalty of granting a line hostile to themselves, that they should complete another rail Way from London to Exeter by a line intervening be tween Salisbury and Exeter, at a cost of £1,600,000, appa rently only to compete with and destroy the west of Eng land traffic actually on the Great Western line. Again, in this present session, powers have been granted to the East Kent' which can only result in injury to ' its own present proprietors, as well as to, its greater neighbour, the South- Eastern, Arose capital has been squandered all the coun ty of Kent in circuitous routes, in obedience to Parliamentary legislation ; nor can I think it becomingin the Legislature of a great and enlightened country to stand by, or, by granting the powers now sought from it, to assist in the injury and privation wantonly being inflicted upon multitudes of indivi duals, as in the case of the reckless competition recently promoted - by the Great Northern and Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railways between Lancashire and Lon don. I believe Parliament, even at this 11th hour, is bound to do something to stop the powers of mischief against each other hitherto so gratuitously accorded to rail way companies ; and it remains for me, therefore, to show what can be done. Parliament has already provided for the protection of the public : Maximum rates of dividend ; maximum fares and tolls, with power of revision ; penny a mile fares for parlia mentary trains ; forced conveyance of the mails ; compen sation in cases of accident; 5 per cent. tax on passeng , r re ceipts ; penalties for delay in transit or delivery of goods ; Caidwell's clauses to ensure the shortest route ; Athlone clause, in one case in Ireland, to protect a particular dis trict from having to bear the loss which the railway corn - pany might choose to incur in order to compete at low and losing rates with another company in the district of the latter ; surveillance of the Board of Trade to protect the public in all complaints ; limitation of amount of capital to be raised to amount proved before committees of both houses necessary to be expended; restriction of the powers to borrow ; parliamentary contract for capital to be raised ; forfeiture of deposit, and in the case of established compa nies, suspension of dividends if lines not complete within a fixed time. • And for protection of shareholders only : Prescribed num ber of directors and qualification ; audit of accounts ; mode of voting; Wharneliffe meeting for approving of bills passed the House of Commons. These provisions protect the public, but not the share holders, who, by encouragement to competition, have been deprived of a fair return for their capital. What Parliament should do is to protect each district for the companies already in that district, checking the railway for the benefit of the public, either as is done in all similar cases of gas and water companies, by limiting the dividend, and so compelling the spread of further capital over the district ; or, as in the case of some of the older railways, by occasional revision of the tolls, or by granting other advantages to the public from time to time. Only in some such way as this can railway property be come other than it is, a property to which the holders are indifferent, because of its precarious character, and their fluctuating and passing interest, it being easier to realise the loss and get rid of it, than to cope with the apparently insurmountable difficulties. This is the true and equitable solution ; but there is also great and pressing want of more certainty in the legislation. For this purpose there should be created one fixed and permanent tribunal, acting for both houses, before which all bills should be presented, and thoroughly canvassed, being then passed as a matter of course, unless some very flagrant case of injustice were to occur, and amongst its guiding principles should be the following : That the parliamentary estimate of cost include road, stations, signals, and everything complete, proved to the satisfaction of two responsible engineers. The parliamentary contract to be for the full amount of capital required to be raised, to be signed by responsible parties (not nominally as at present) ; and in case of the constituted board failing to make the necessary calls to com plete the line within the prescribed periods, the Board of Trade to appoint directors, who shall make the required calls on the shareholders; in all cases (to prevent the pre sent practice of transferring the liability to men of straw) the parties signing the parliamentary contract to continue liable for the calls, if the parties to whom they may have transferred their shares are unable to pay. No certificate of unused powers by an existing company to be received as applicable to a new parliamentary contract, but in all cases such contract to be signed by individual and responsible parties. Wharncliffe meeting to require the positive assent of three-fifths of the shareholders in a company. No more preference shares or borrowing powers to be allowed. Short branch lines to be allowed per se; but no amalga mations or leases by agreement for mileage, reduction of rates, or guaranteed dividends to be allowed. Before any new line is opened, Board of Trade or Public Accountant (hereafter suggested) and the directors to certify that no premium has been given to any contractor or other party to take shares, either by way of bonus, or addition to the price of his tender, but that such contractor has been paid bona fide in money for the work at cash prices. The Athlone clause, before referred to, obliging a railway company to reduce all intermediate rates if not in propor tion to the rates betwee n an y two points ; and clauses to insure that traffic shall take the shortest route. Parlia mentary or arbitration tolls to be inserted in all bills. Before any bill is presented to the new tribunal, Board of Trade to report as regards its legal status, interests of the public, and of the other railway companies affected by it ; whether they have abused their powers, are earning more than the fair maximum dividend, &c., as well as on the en gineering fit ne ss of the new line, and if laid out most ad vantageonsly for accommodating the district. Public auditor to be appointed at the expense of Govern ment, payable out of the present tax of 5 per cent. on pas senger receipts---to declare whether any charges aro pro perly or improperly placed to capital account, and to pre vent payments to other companies or parties not strictly legal, under powers of the act, performing generally duties similar to those of an analogous officer---the Poor-law Auditor. voting at Public, Meetings.--One vote in all cases for every. ordinary share in the company paid up in full, and in proportion to the amount paid up on any other shares I not fully called up. No preference or guaranteed share 'radix to Faye any Vote, except for approyal of exercise of _ 6171 HUGH . ROSE. PAPER. W' r A v. • ' 6 '7 '4 'ME t e r OS; ;:ti„ii Air By the time these lines meet the reader's eye, Sir Hugh Rose's career will be, we presume, over for the present. But the Government of England. will yet remember where to find a Aaniquar tA any duty. His share in it is one of thy: west nous and splendid episodes in the war. ikeni( from the shade at the head of the Centragnaiarl field force when Central India is threatened by portentous horde ;- and he shows what one man's de irness of head and vigour of pnrpose can accom plish against any barbarous enemies, however com manding the position they may have seized (in the very midst of our most vital communication), how ever ample their munitions and resources, however reat the numerical odds on whi ch the y rel y , ho w - - ever strong the fortifications behind which theytak t heir stand. He is terrible to the rebels for his vide ries and the unhesitating severities which have fol lowed those victories in dealing with traitors, taken armed and "in the manner." lie is terrible, also, because he has given them no time to breathe, be cause he has put his victories into so short a corn- Pass. His resiomation of the command of the Cen tral India field foree (whether or not his zeal for the service or some-temporary necessity induce him to prolong his functions, and thus in part to recall practically his resignation) affords us the oppor tunity of glancing hastily at the sum of what he haS accomplished. We need not trace the line of his march, which, 'in such a season and such a country, would have been something of which a mere traveller would not have been ashamed in time of peace, as showing the _energy and speed with which .he advanced through an country. . Yet that march, long and devious as the track is, was no peaceful excursion, but a series of and sieges which will figure imperishably in the history - of British India. The last, of which we have full particulars, is not the least of them. As Sir Hugh with natural emotion says in his ad dress to the force of which he is taking leave— " The Major-General witnessed with satisfaction how the troops and their gallant comrades in arms, the Rajpootana Brigade under Brigadier Smith, stormed height after height, and guns after guns, under the fire of a numerous field and siege artil lery, taking finally by assault two 18-pounders in position, and Gwalior. Not a man in these forces enjoy=ed his natural strength or health—an Indian sun and months of broken rest and march had told on the strongest ;_ but the moment they were told to take Gwalior for their Queen and country they thought of nothing but victory. They gained it, restoring England's true and brave ally to his throne, putting to complete rout the rebel army, killing numbers of them, and taking from them in the field, exclusive of those in the fort, 52 pieces of artillery, all their stores and ammunition, and capturing the city and fort of Gwalior, reckoned the strongest in India." . All this leaves out of view the numerous and brilliant actions, and their results, which preceded the particular achievement to which Sir Hugh Rose is referring He then pays a well-merited tribute to Brigadiers Napier, Steuart, and Smith, " for the very able assistance which they gave him, and to which he attributes the success of the day." These are, in deed, able and valuable officers ; but the public will know how to appreciate Sir Hugh Rose's modest and generous attempt to blot himself out altogether. Had he been absent Brigadier Napier might have supplied his place. But this, as it happens, is only our opinion ; whereas the actual presence and services of General Rose are a fact. He closes his address by adding—" He bids them and their brave soldiers once more a kind farewell. He cannot do so under better auspices than those of the victory of Gwalior." That is true ; and un less the fugitives from that place (who were, it seems, more numerous than the public supposed, numbering, by the last accounts, 11,000), rally more effectually than we have any apprehension of their doing, the revolt proper will, perhaps, be hereafter described as having closed in the rout of Gwalior, and as having been followed only by such a rural demoralisation and such a disturbance of roads and communications as succeed to most wars. An ex tension of police measures, and, finally, one cam paign more in Oude, will, we trust, form the very worst chapter that remains to be added to the story of the Great Indian Rebellion. In that story few survive who can throw into shadow the part played by Major-General Sir Hugh Rose. If we -be unhappily deceived—if more must yet be ac complished by the soldier—he is one of those left to us the announcement of whose presence in the field will ever give confidence and joy to his coun trymen and strike terror among their enemies.— _Bengal Hfirkant. , THE ARMI'. By the death of General Money it is more than probable that Lieut.-General Lord Sandys, who commanded the Greys at Waterloo, will be removed to that corps, leaving vacant his present regiment, the 7th Dragoon Guards, now serving in India. Lieut.-General Sir Edward Cust, K.C.H., is spoken of as the successor of Lord Sandys in the command of the 7th Dragoon Guards. The chartered vessel Octavia, 1,055 tons, Captain W. J. Dale, embarked at Gravesend yesterday for Calcutta 9 officers and 426 men of all ranks. Rein forcements also embarked at Gravesend on board the Alfred, 1,291 tons, Captain W. H. Pope, for Calcutta, consisting of eignt officers and 450 men. The embarkation was effected in a very orderly and expeditious manner, under the direction of the officers of the staff from Chatham garrison. Both vessels were to leave the Thames last night. TI e 15th (King's) Hussars, now stationed at Hounslow, were reviewed on Tuesday last by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, who, after witnessing a long field-day, highly complimented Colonel hey for the very efficient state of the regi ment under his command. This crops had also been minutely inspected on the 20th and 21st ult., by Major-General the Earl of Cardi g an, Ins p ector- General of Cavalry, who expressed himself highly pleased with the appearance of the regiment, and. complimented Colonel Key on having turned out stronger than any regiment which he had inspected this tear. Major Hammersley, 14th Foot, will discharge the duties of Assistant-Quartermaster-General of the Cork district during the absence of Licut.-Col. A. J. R. Pack, C. 8., who is appointed to act pro tem. as Deputy-Adjutant-General of the forces in Ireland, during the temporary absence on duty of Col. It. B. Wood, C.B. The number of recruits passed and medically ap proved for the Royal Artillery during the past month at Woolwich is 434, and for others 29, making a total of 463. The majority of these were fine healthy lads from the country. Lieut.-Col. A. J. It. Pa ck, C. 8., Assistant-Quar termaster-General in the Cork district, proceeds to Dublin to assume the duties of Deputy-Adjutant- General to the Forces in Ireland during the absence of Col. Wood, C. 8., who has been appointed a mem ber of a committee of investigation on military affairs, which is about to sit in London, Major Hammersley, 14th Foot, has been appointed to per form the duties of Assistant-Quartermaster-Ge neral in Cork during the absence of Col. Pack. MILITIA. The 2d Royal Lancashire Militia (the Duke of Lancaster's Own Rifles) will be embodied on Tues day next, to undergo their usual period of drill, and they will be billetted at Birkenhead. They are commanded by Lieut.-Col. Sir T. G. Hesketh. THE NAVY. The squadron under the command of Vice-Admi ral Arthiir Fanshawe, C. 8., consisting of the Marl borough (flagship), Centurion, and Conqueror, is cruising in the offing of Malta, within six miles of the island. The crew of the gunboat Ripple have been paid off and transferred to the Impregnable. The brig Penguin will be towed from Plymouth to Portsmouth on the first opportunity, probably by the Sprightly. The repairs of his Netherlands Majesty's screw steam-frigate Admiral Von Wassenaer having been completed she was undocked at Devonport on Thursday. The' steam-storeship Industry, from Woolwich for the Mediterranean, arrived. at Plymouth on Thursday. The steam-tender Sprightly, from Portsmouth. With men paid off from the Agamemnon, and with Marines belonging to the division at Plymouth, ar rived there onWednesday. The lighter Tortoise left Plymouth yesterday morning. with iron ballast for Pembroke. The gunboat Skipjack was inspected yesterday in Hamoaze, preparatory to her being paid off. The following ointments we re made yester day at the Admiralty :—Lieut. T. A. B. Fellowes, to v be Flag-Licuteuant to Admiral Codrington ; Lieut. Charles Smith, to the Marlborough; Lieut. E. Murray, to the Royal Albert ; A. J. Cheek, mate, to the Orion ; T. A. Telfer, to be secretary to Admiral Codrington, at Malta yard ; R. C. Beale, Assistant-Paymaster, to the Cumberland ; and J. W. R. B. Galsworthy, clerk, to the Edinburgh. Mr. Samuel Libby, Second Master, was yesterday pro moted. to Master. Admiral Fremantle's squadron will probably sail from Plymouth to-day (Saturday), for COrk or Bantry Bay, where they will remain a short time, and then take a cruise for a fortnight, returning to Plymouth Sound. The screw steam frigate Liffey, 51, got up steam on Thursday, and went from the Sound into HOMO. ~` ttle dis- ow• tail a to the [Ott, for ana t to t hat Lge Lack etty rour rfol con- rob - btcr- sated plied had ,over -oula ain st the cat°. the m til , an d , n• Leceo" over , Losses 1, th° , B~n d ~ I