The Sun. — London, England, 1860-07-17 00:00:00

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( , ~, ~..4 4.‘ ( •,,„,„ c ., \ i views upon China questions without m _%. '''''.. h=_' w/'4 .• '4 and with reference only to their bearing \n , VOV' ''''' 0 6 - 1 -,r ?-.''t 4 , party interests of the moment; but it is \t . ,lf,St4i- - ;1,, 1 1 . : " .. ' IS' ject which is alone worthy the support of our-g-tt ;-; - • ---' -.ring population, of our commercial cAli t , i. S n the largt-sense of the term, and cc. the 07e1 - -: taxed people of England. Let us hop that this is the object whi,,li is cL: pre- sent kept so seertA. It was this Which Lord Elgin had in view during. his first mission. It was this which Lord Paltherston avoWed in former days. Circumstances have somewhat altered. The Cabi net is now composed of politicians who are com mitted to various views, and who are influenced by men who do not know or who do not care for the general interests of the nation in this great matter. Lord Palmerston appears convinced of the utility of a Resident Minister at Pekin, arid he has so ripe a knowledge of our position in the extreme East that we do not confidently differ from him when he nets upon his own judgment. We who do not greatly value the offices of a Resident Minister either at Pekin or elsewhere may be wrong in this ; but as to the ' other points of the question we ore confirmed by Lord Palmerston's own previously-expressed . opinions and by the unchanging current of the events of all our wars with China. If we would end once and for ever this profligate expenditure upon little wars, if we would open the trade of the East to the enterprise of all our countryineu,if we would cease to be the dupes of mere opium-dealers and tea and silk monopolist, we must show ourselves in force in Pekin, and must prove to these corrupt and jobbing Mandarins that we are determined to vin dicate our treaty rights, to buy our teas where they grow, and to carry up our manufactures to the population by whom thay may be consumed.- 7 ivies. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY._ TEN DAYS' EXCURSION to the WEST of ENG LAND, offering facilities for visiting Tavistock, Truro, Penzance, Land's End, d:c. On SATURDAY, July 21, an EXCURSION TRAIN Will leave Paddington at S a.m., and Reading at 9.5 a.m., forlVeston-super-Mare, Highbridge, Bridgewater, and Taun ton, fares 20s. and 14s. ; Tiverton and Exeter, 225. and 16s. ; Barnstaple and Bideford, 30s. and 20s. ; Stareross, Pawlish, and Teignmouth, 255. and 17s. ; Newton, Torquay, Paignton, and Totnes, 275. and 18s. ; and Kingsbridge-road and Ply mouth, 30s. and 205., returning on Tuesday, July 31, from Plymouth at 6 and ittermediate stations IM per hand bills. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING„JULY 17, 1860. N. 21,209. 4D. 81 AMPED, Passengers wishing to proceed to any station on the Tavi stock., Cornwall, or West Cornwall Railways, trill he fur nished at Plymouth, upon producing their Excursion Tickets, with Ist, 2d, or 3d Class RETURN' TICKE TS, available up to the 30th July, at a single fare for the double journey. P (JBLICATIONS. INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL his success in obtaining these facts, at a comparatively mo derate expense, and by the voluntary assistance of the land owners and cultivators, as well as of the clergy of all deno minations, that the apprehension was groundless that it could not be done without inordinate cost or without injuring indi vidual interests. We must hope that, considering its import. ance with regard to all questions affecting the food of the people, this inquiry will not only be extended to England and Scotland, but also to the continent generally, wherever it may not already have been instituted. Our trade returns will exhibit the great effects produced on our commerce by the changes in our commercial system; our colonial delegates will exhibit to you proofs of the wonderful progress of their countries, and proofs at the same time that elaborate statis tics have rendered them conscious of that progress. And I have no doubt that the foreign delegates will more than repay us by the information which they will give us in exchange. These returns will no doubt prove to us afresh in figures what we know already from feeling and from ex pression —how dependent the different nations are upon each other for their progress, for their moral and material prosperity, and that the essential condition of their mutual happiness is the maintenance of peace and good will among each other. Let them still be rivals, but rivals in the noble race of social improvement, in which, although it may be the lot of one to arrive first at the goal, yet all will equally share the prize, all feeling their owa powers and strength increase in the healthy competition. I should detain you longer than I feel justified in doing, and should perhaps trench upon the domain and duties of presidents of sessions, if I were to allude to the points which will there be speci ally recommended to your attention and consideration; but I trust it will not be thought presumptuous in me if I ex hort you generally not to lose yourselves in points of minute detail, however tempting and attractive they may be from their intrinsic interest and import ance, but to direct your undivided energies to the establishment of those broad principles upon which the common action of different nations can be based, which common action must be effected if we are to make real pro gress. I know that this Congress can only suggest and recommend, and that it must ultimately rest with the dif ferent Governments to carry out those suggestions. Many previous recommendations, it is true, have been carried out, but many have been left unattended to, and I will not except our ens a country from blame ;n this respect. Happy and proud indeed should I feel if this noble gathering should be enabled to lay the solid foundation of an edifice, necessarily slow of construction, and requiring for generations to come laborious and persevering exertion, intended as it is for the promotion of human happiness by leading to the discovery of those eternal laws upon which that universal happiness is dependent. May He who has implanted in our hearts a craving after the discovery of truth, and given us our rea soning faculties to the end that we should use them for this discovery, sanctify our efforts and bless them in their results. His Royal Highness resumed his seat amid the loudly expressed applause of the assembly. On the motion of Lord BROUGHAM, a vote of thanks was carried by acclamation to his Royal Highness for his able address, Lord Brougham observing that he was sure that if any one had three hands to holdup he would do so. (Cheers.) His Lordship also congratulated the Congress on the very numerous attendance in spite of the rainy weather. His ROYAL HIGHNESS assured the Congress that he ren dered his services to them with a deal of pleasure, and thanked them for the complimentary vote. Lord BROUGHAM, seeing Mr. Dallas, the American Mi nister, present, said—l hope my friend Mr. Dallas will for give me reminding him that there is a negro present, a member of the Congress. (Loud laughter and vociferous TEE WAR IN CONGRESS. G REAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- On SUNDAY, July 22, a CHEAP EXCURSION TRAIN will leave Paddington at 7.45 a.m., for OXFORD, (fares 6s. 6d. and 45.); Banbury (Bs. and 55.); Leamington and Warwick (10s. 6d . an d 65.) ; Birmingham (12s. and 75.); West Bromwich,Wednesbury, and Bilston (12s. 6d. and 7s. 6d.); and Wolverhampton (13s. and Ss.) Returning the same day from Wolverhampton at 7 p.m., and Intermediate Stations as per handbills. Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., B° N D AN D FREE. E TIIE AUTHOR OF "CASTE," Ac. The fourth session of the International Statistical Con gress was opened yesterday, in the great hall of King's College, Somerset-house. Among the noblemen and gentlemen present were Lord Brougham, the Earl of Shaftesbury, Earl Stanhope, Mr. Dallas, the American Minister; Lord J. Russell, Lord Ebrington, Lord H. Vane, Lord Monteagle, Mr. Cowper, M.P., Mr. Bouverie, M.P., Mr. Slaney, M.P., Mr. Milnes, M.P., Sir R. Murchison, Mr. T. Chambers, Dr. Farr, Dr. Guy, Alderman Salomons, Major Graham, Mr. IL Carter, Mr. Valpy, Mr. Newmarch, &c. The officers of the Congress were then appointed and the rules confirmed. The following gentlemen were announced as delegates from foreign nations and the colonies: most of them were present when called, and took seats on the plat form : Austria—His Excellency Bar on C z (et nig. . - " A very good novel. The plat is well put together, and the whole is capitally written."—Chronicle. " A clever and interesting novel. It has great power, and the story is well sustained."—Literary Gazette. Ilurst and Blackett,l3, Great Marlborough-street. TUE LATE SIR ROBERT PEEL, BART. Just published, in post §vo., price Ss. 6d. cloth, LONDON & NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. —TOURIST TICKETS at CHEAP FARES, avail able for One 3rontli, will be issued at Euston-square, and other principal Stations, by Fast and Ordinary Trains, for the IKETcH of the LIFE and CHARACTER of L./ SIR ROBERT PEEL, Bart. By the Right Hon. Sir LAURENCE PEEL. " Sir Lawrence has given us more laudable than the genial a narrative at once so fresh and unaffected sympathy with and so ibrcible, so ju,t, and his humbler ancestors which yet so lively and spirited, that Sir Lawrence manifests in we feel all our curiosity about every line. We pass over this the late statesman renewed, portion of his work with a and all our former opinions strong recommendation of it sharpened, straightened, and to our readers."—Press. LAKES of KILLARNEY, IRELAND. NORTH WALES—RhyI, Conway, Llandudno, Bangor, Holyhead, &c. BELFAST --Want's Causeway, Lakes Erne, via Fleet wood. LANES of WINDERMERE, CUMBERLAND, and WESTMORELAND. F URNESS ABBEY, ULVERSTONE, and CONISTON LAKE. reset. . . . NOthing can be London Longman, Greet t, Longman, and Roberts. Bavaria—Dr. F. B. W. Hermann. Belgium—M. A. Quetelet, M. A. Visschers, and M. X. Heuschling. LANCASHIRE WATERING PLACES —Lytham, Black pool, Fleetwood, YORKSHIRE WATERING PLACES —Scarborough, Whitby, Film Bridlington, or Harrogate. ISLE OF IVAN. BUXTON and DISTRICT. MA " ('LOCK and DISTRICT. Hand -bills, with full particulars, may be obtained at Euston Station, and at all the. Company's Receiving Offices and Sta tions.—By order, W. CAWKWELL, General Manager. Euston Station, May, 1800. Just published, in 2 vols., Photograph by CT L ORD MACAULAY' WRITINGS Fragments of a Roman Tale. On the Royal Society of Lite- Bvo., with a Portrait from a ,AUDET, price 215., 'S MISCELLANEOUS • comprising— ESSAYS:— John Dryden. History. Mill on Government. • Westminster Reviewer's Defence of Mill. Utilitarian Theory of Go vernment. Sadler's Law of Popula tion. Mirabeau. Barere. Brazil—His Excellency Senhor De Carvalho Moreira, Denmark—Dr. C. N. David. France—M. A. Legoyt. • Hamburg, Lubeck, and Bremen—C. W. Asher, LL,D. Hanover—Professor Wappaus. IRE COMING CONFERENCE. rature. Scenes from Athenian Revels. Criticisms en the Principal Italian Writers. No. I. Dante. No. 11. Petrarch. Some Account of the Great Lawsuit between the Pa rishes of St. Dennis and St. George in the Water. A Conversation between Mr. Abraham C.iwley and Mr. John Milton touching the Great Civil War. Holland—Dr. M. M. De Baumhauer. Mecklenburg-Schwerin—Dr. T. Ackersdyek and Baron Maltzalen. (From the London Review of July 14.) R ED SEA AND INDIA TELEGRAPH COMPANY. Notice is Hereby Given, That the Transfer Books of the Red Sea and India Telegraph Company will be Closed from the 25th July to the 7th August, inclusive, preparatory to the payment of a half-year's inthest, guaranteed under the Con tract with the Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Trea sury, the Warrants for which, payable to the Proprietors of Shares registered in the Books of the Company on the 25th of July, will be issued on the 15th August next. By order of the Board, C. L. PEEL, Secretary. Dated the 6th day of - July, 1860. 62, Moorgate-street, E.C. Norway—Professor L. K. Daa. Prussia—Dr. E. Engel and Dr. F. G. Schubert. Russia.—Dr. T. B. Wernadski and M. de Bousehen. Saxe-Coburg and Saxe •Meiningen—M. G. Hopf. Spain—Count de Ripalda. On the Athenian Orators. BroartArnits : Francis Atterbury. John Bunvan. Oliver Goldsmith. Samuel Johnson. William Pitt. Miscellaneous Poems, In scriptions, &c. &c. Sweden—Dr. F. Th. Berg. Switzerland—lL Vogt and M. Kolb. A Prophetic Account of a Grand National Epic Poem, to be entitled The Welling toniad, and to be published A. n. 2824. Turkey—Agassi Effendi. - - United States—Judge Longstreet and Mr. Lawrence. Australia.—New South Wales—Messrs. James Nac arthur, Edward Hamilton, and Stuart A. Donalds n. Queensland —Mr. M. Marsh, M.P. Victoria—Mr. W. Westgarth. South Australia—Mr. E. Stephen. Tasmania —Mr. J. A. Youl. New Zealand—Mr. J. E. Fitzgerald. British Guiana—Mr. W. Walker, Colonial Secretary. Canada—Mr. J. T. Galt, Finance Minister. Cape of Good Hope—Mr. W. Field. Ceylon—Sir Charles M'Carthy. Jamaica and Barbadoes—Mr. Stephen Cave, M.P. Mauritius—Mr. G. Fropier. lonian Islands—Mr. 11. Drummond Wolff, C.M.G., Civil Secretary. On --. 3iitiord's History of Greece. Office of the Gas Light and Coke Company, llorseferry-road, Westminster, 14th July, 1860. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That the Court of Directors of the Gas Light and Coke Company do hereby declare that a vacancy has occurred in the Court of Directors by the election of the Hon. RICHARD HO WE BROWNE (Director) to the office of DEPUTY-GOVERNOR on the 13th instant. London: Longman, Gree: [, Longman, and Roberts. TtHE LONDON REVIEW AND WEEKLY 1 JOURNAL, conducted by CHARLES MACKAY, LL.D., Threepence, every Saturday.—W. Little, manager, No. 11, Southampton-street, Strand. Notice is hereby also given, that by the Sth Bye-law of the Company it is ordained and appointed that every Candidate for becoming a Director shall g, , iye notice thereof in writincr, to the Secretary of the Company at least fourteen days before election. OVERNMENT upon FIRST PRINCIPLES. k.A Illustrated Analogically, Statistically, and Morally. By JOHN GROSSMITH. This work embodies a wide field for information, not only upon Social and Moral subjects, but upon a great variety of questions which are essentially incorporated with the politi cal discussions of the day, in connection with the Commerce, Trade, and Taxation of the country. Statesmen and lovers of intelligent progress wilt find in it a compilation of facts well worthy their attention. London : Piper and Co., Paternoster-row. Notice is hereby further given, that a Special General Court of the Proprietors of this Company will be held at this office, on FRIDAY, the 10th day of August next, for the elec tion of a Director to supply the said vacancy ; and that should a Ballot be required it will continue open for four hours from its commencement. The Chair will he taken at 12 o'clock (noon) precisely. By order of the Court of Directors. C. BURLS, Secretary. At four o'clock his Royal Highness the Pr;nce Consort arrived. He was received in the outer hall by a guard of honour of the King's College Volunteers. Having taken his seat in the president's chair, Just published, Bvo, in cloth, price 5e., by post free, ss. 6d ., oN THE SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT o f STRICTURES of the URETHRA; showing why they so often appear Incurable, when in reality they might be removed by the most simple means. By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Strictures of the Urethra. . _ _ METROPOLITAN, COUNTIES, AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 27, Regent-street, Waterloo-place, London, S.W. Life Assurance, Annuities,Endowments and Loans. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Manager. ----- " This work is the production of a surgeon whose special attention has been directed, through a long professional life, to the treatment of strictures of the urethra. The cases which Mr. Courtenay has given supply ample evidence of his great discriminative power in the diagnosis of the various kinds of stricture, and of the scientific principles upon which their management is founded. By his systematic management an immense mitigation of pain to the unhappy sufferers is attained, and future mischief prevented. The work we can most unreservedly and confidently recommend as a valuable contribution, both to the general and professional reader, and ought to be found in the private study of all who are subject to stricture."—Medical Circular, Dec. let, 1858. London: H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL for the DESTI TUTE SICK and DISEASED, Gray's-inn-road. In consequence of the number of wretched applicants, the Weekly Board feel it their imperativ e duty to make an earnest APPEAL to the public for continued support, to enable them to admit and relieve the distressing cases that daily present themselves. cheering.) After the cheering had subsided Mr. Dallas made no sign, but the negro in question, who was understood to be a Dr. DELA.NY, rose, amid loud cheers, and said—l pray your Royal Highness will allow me to thank his Lordship, who is always a most unflinching friend of the negro, for the observation he has made, and I assure your Royal Highness and his Lordship that I am a man. Contributions received by the Treasurer, E4wd. Masterman, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Mess-s. Coutts and Co. ; Drum mond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, Grote, and Co. ; Smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn and Co. ; Jones, Loyd, and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison and Co. ; Williams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nis bet and Co., Berner-street ; Masterman and Co. ; and at the Hospital, from 10 till 5. 0-NI G HT. - WASHINGTON FRIEND'S Grand Musical and Pictorial Entertainment, entitled TWO HOURS in CANADA and the UNITED STATES.- 5,000 MILES of beautful Scenery.—The Falls of Niagara, River St. Lawrence, VICTORIA TUBULAR BRIDGE ' Illustrations of American, Indian, Emigrant, and Negro Lif e' &c., &c., with his Songs, Anecdotes, and Melodies, D a ily ' at 3 and 8 o'clock.—Stalls, 3s. ; Area, 2s. ; Gall er y, l s. St : James's Hall, Piccadilly. This novel and unexpected incident elicited a round of cheering very extraordinary for an assemblage of sedate statisticians. STANFORD S. SMITH, Sec. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological Structure and Functions of the Reproductive Organ s . - CHAPTER ll.—Causes of Supermatorrhcea and Impotence; Early Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER Review of the various Disqualifications of Marriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the Follies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection. CHAPTER IV.—The Anther's plan of Treatment, Medical and Moral, being the result of a successful practice extending over a period of 25 years. Gonorrhoea and CHAPTERS Syphilis. h a i n l d is. Vl. on the modern Treatment of e The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting cases t L oti z u f , which is added the Author's rec ei p t of a preventive work, and "Cortis on Ain h d This is a truly valuable “ :., day Times," 23d March, 185 "he author% should be is. 'Manho o d. — This handsn°° . ' O . an d old."— -in REVIEWS OF THE WORK. e of youn, publishing this which produc e dc,,aB des diseases little work, to whi ch i g conferred a d the source ot those premature frequently old we a a batly Telegraph," Y• At home for co March 27, 1856 . ce:U T 2To;.matobreoon by Pu Sundays, to to 1 nsultation, `daily, from ---____ 10 till 3 and 6to 8 . MEDIC AL ADVICE. D R. LA'IVIERT e,istered L.S.A., Honorary Member of the I° of the University of R tl i g? nospital Medical Society, l‘T. l) * on all cases of Debility, x' - ' e e r n ,, (6 l, e, may be CONSULTED firmities of Youth and MaturP-y-u,aneBB' from Six till Eight, at his residentrQra Eleven till Two, and and on the Secret In 37, BEDFORD-sQuAnc%, Dr. La'Mert has just published , ~,,,',""'° , ,I S, 7 DO N merous Engravin2s and Cases. a isf, - ; ° .' L xpence, with un- SELy_pREsERv 11, , r p.dition of his Work, which will be sent tree, in a sealed env ° i N ot ,' „ Cornhill, London, or by the Author, f or e E 37 i' - '.Bann, 39, CONTENTS, g t stamps. SECTION I.—The Physiology of the Generative Uri SECTION ll.—Puberty--Manhood -The Moral. lye Physiology—True and False Morality. - ~ enera SECTION lll.—Marriage in its'Moral, Social, and Physical Relations—lts Expectancies and Disappointments — ages of Physical Contrasts in securing Healthy oft s 4 ll an - SECTION IV.—Spermatorrhcea and Impotence—The caisei, of Sterility in both Sexes—Self-inflicted Miseries. SECTION V. -The Vices of Schools—E'ffects of certhin per nicious habits en the mental and general faculties. SECTION Vl.—Treatment of Nervous aiiiil(nerative De bility—lmpotence and Sttrility—Dangerous 'Results of various Hazardous Specifics—The Author's Principles of Treatment; Medical, Dietetic, and General, derived from Twenty Years' successful practice The above work is intended for the perusal of those who Lave in early life been induced to swerve from the strict rules of morality. In its pages facts of paramount utility are brought together, wholly divested of tne delusions and incon sistencies so largely introduced into certain quasi medical publications given to the world gratis, under the guise of Philanthropy, or as "acts of gratitude," by pretended clergy- Elea and others, whose tamperings with the constitution are troque s itay followed by Deans musequenoes, ORESENTS.— ORNAMENTAL, and SCIEN TIFIC.—ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, nd Dining-room, consisting of a new and elegant assortment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &c., in Italian,Alabas er, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her Maie,sty, 149, Stand, W.C., London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY, and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY sad MINE RALOG Y is given by Mr. TENNANT, at 149, Strand, W.C. Post free for Two Stamps. 1 -1 J XTRAORD IN AR Y DISCOVERY of -A an entirely NEW THEORY of CURING DISEASE, being the recorded Experience of 30 Years' Special Practice in Great Britain, France, and America—with the latest Scientific Discoveries, denominated LOCAL SELF-TREAT MENT, discovered abroad, and which is so simple that all can practise for himself privately, successfully, and at the smallest cost, thus avoiding doctors' fees and their mineral poisons. The " NEW MODE " is an EXTRAORDINARY DIS COVERY for the Treatment and Self-Cure of Weakness, Debility, Nervousness, Lassitude, Depression of Spirits, Loss of Energy, Appetite, Pains in the Back and Limbs, Timidity, Self-Distrust Dizziness, Want of Energy, Love of Solitude, Groundless Fears, Palpitation of the Heart, Noises in the Read and Ears, Indecision, Wretchedness, Impaired Sight 12d Memory, Indi ges ti on , an d B o dily P ros t ra ti on o f th e Whole system. A lso, HINTS TO THOSE CONTEMPLATING MARRIAGE. In order that all classes may avail themselves of the above, the Author has not and will not allow the same to be sold, but he will forward it to those who send their address, and two stamps for postage. Address thus—Wm. HILL, Esq., M.A., No. 27, Alfred-place, Bedford-square, Loudon. S, GREAT MAR LBOROUGH -STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON., nR. CULVERWELL, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo tliecarivs' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Loss of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive indul gences, HaS Just published, price ls. by post, n 18 sealed, stamps, No. 4, An entire new and onal ork, URELVS. Wentitled" Synopsis: The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation - The Orif;rdn of Disease — Sy m p toms, Treatme nt , and Cur Urinary Derange ments Also, an Exposi tion of. and Remedy for, all and Marital Disqual A c ations, M LE. line modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Illvnnorrhagia (Gonorrlicea), Siocrmatorrlima, Impotency, and all Diseases of he Urinary ()mans, with Prescriptions, cite. FEMALE. The Physiologv and AnatOTTly Hess Womenhoice Yunctional Marriage— Ir re:4l,la/tries in H ea lth and Sick — C in Their Expectancies awl Disappointments—The Cause and 11 - emoval of Sterility--The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta eir tion—Use of the Speculum, and the securing of Healthy Offspring. Also, and other Na. 1. ;Debility, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY ; On •DcbilitY, Nervousness, DyspepSla, and Indigestion, No. 2. Their • LOVE AND MARRIAGE : ,ations, Happiness, and Disappointments; Love spri n4 Recur M e a d tehes. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off- No. 3. 100 Cases of SPERMATORRIIMAi Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, ConfessiorS and Cure by To be had of Mann, 39, Cornhill ; and the Authors. Advice to the Working Classes. tee Half-a-Gnineit: Galvanism, Azo- &43. Ave. Dr. Culverwell, consulting assistant and sale successor his late brother, R. J. CulTerwe ll , M.D. eauteris::: CA-SE BOOR His ROYAL HIGHNESS addressed the meeting as fol lows :—Gentlemen,--The Statistical C ongress o f All Na tions has been invited by th e G overnmen t t o h o ld its fifth meeting in this metropolis, in conformity with the wishes expressed by the late Congress held at Vienna in 1857. Although under these circumstances it would have been more properly within the province of a member of the Go vernment and Minister of the Crown to fill this chair and open the proceedings of the day, as has been the case in previous meetings of the Congress in other places, the na ture of the institutions and the habits of the people of the country in which the assembly was to take place could not fail to make itself felt and to influence its organisation. We are people possessing and enjoying the most intense politi cal life, in which every question of interest or importance to the nation is publicly canvassed and debated. The whole nation, as it were, from the highest to the lowest, takes an active part in these debates, and arrives at a judgment with regard to them on the collective results of the thoughts and opinions thus called forth. This Congress could, there fore, only be either a private meeting of the delegates of different Governments, discussing special questions of in terest in the midst of the general bustle of political acti vity, or it had to assume a public and a national cha racter, addressing itself to the public at large, and in viting its co-operation. The Government have chosen the latter alternative, and have been met by the readiest response from all aides. They have, I think, wisely chosen ; for it is of the utmost importance to the object the Congress has in view—namely, not only the diffusion of statistical information, but also the acquisition, of a general acknoWledgment of the usefulness and importance of this branch of human knowledge,—that the public, as a whale, should take up the questions which are intended to be in vestigated, and should lend its powerful aid. Gentlemen, this explains, and must serve as an apology for,'my presum ing to hold the post of your president, for which I other wise feel full well my unworthiness. 'When, however, the Commissioners for the organization of the Congress ex pressed to me their desire that I should do so, I felt it in cumbent upon me not to withhold my individual co-opera tion, carrying with it, as it would, an assurance to the British people that the object of the meeting was one which had enlisted the sympathy of their Queen, and testifying to the foreign delegates the esteem in which she holds them personally, and her appreciation of the science which they servo. Let me new welcome them to this country, and welcome them on behalf of this country. It is here that the idea of an International Statistical Congress took its origin, when delegates and visitors from all nations had as sembled to exhibit in noble rivalry the products of their science, skill, and industry in the Great Exhibition of 1851; it is here that the statistical science was earliest developed; and Dr. Farr has well reminded us that England has been called, by no less an authority than Bernoulli, "the cradle of political arithmetic," and that we may even appeal to our Domesday Book as one of the most ancient and com plete monuments of the science in existence. It is this country also which will and must derive the greatest bene fits from the achievements of this science, and which will consequently have most cause to be grateful to you for the result of your labours. Gentlemen, old as your science is, and undeniable as are the benefits which it has ren dered to mankind, it is yet little understood by the multi tude, new in its acknowledged position among the other sciences, and still subject to many vulgar prejudices. It is little understood, for it is dry and unpalatable to the general public in its simple arithmetical expressions repre senting living facts (which as such are capable of arousing the liveliest sympathy) in dry figures and tables for com parison. Much labour is required to wade through endless columns of figures, much patience to master them, and some skill to draw any definite and safe conclusions from the mass of material which it presents to the student ; while the value of the information offered depends exactly upon its bulk, increasing in proportion with its quantity and com prehensiveness ; it has been little understood also from the peculiar and often unjustifiable use which has been made of it; for the very fact of its difficulty and the patience re quired in reading up and verifying the statistical figures which may be referred to by an author in support of his theories and opinions protect him, to a certain extent, from scrutiny, and tempt him to draw largely upon so convenient and available a capital. The public generally connect, there fore, in their minds statistics, if not with unwelcome taxa tion (for which they naturally form an important basis), certainly with political controversies, in which they are in the habit of seeing public men making use of the most opposite statistical results with equal assurance in support of the most opposite arguments. A great and distinguished French Minister and statesman is even quoted as having boasted of the invention of what he is said to have called " l'art de grouper les chiffres ;" but if the same ingenuity and enthusiasm which may have suggested to him this art should have tempted him or others, as historians, to group facts also, it would be no more reasonable to make the histori cal facts answerable for the use made of them, than it would be to make statistical science responsible for many an in genious financial statement. Yet this science has suffered materially in public estimation by such use, although the very fact that statesmen, financiers, physicians, and natu ralists should seek to support their statements and doc trines by statistics shows conclusively that they all acknow ledge them as the foundation of truth, and this ought, therefore, to raise instead of depressing the science in the general esteem of the public. Statistical science is, as I have said, comparatively new in its position among the sciences in general, and we must look for the cause of this tardy recognition to the fact, that it has the appearance of an incomplete science, and of being rather a helpmate to other sciences than having a right, to claim that title for itself. But this is an appearance only ; for if pure statistics abstain from participating in the last and highest aim of all science--viz., the discovery and expounding the laws which govern the universe,—and leave this duty to their more favoured, siste rs , th e na t ura l an d po li t i ca l sc i enc es, this is done with conscious self- a b nega ti on , f or th e p ur pose of pro tecting the purity a n d s i mp li c i ty ofthemiraysaocrreedantasbke mad —the e accumulation and verific a ti on o f f acts, un bi asse d b y an y consideration of the ulte rior use whichof them. Those general laws, therefore, in the knowledge of which we recognize one of the highest treasures of man on earth, are left unexpressed, though rendered self-appa. rent, as they may be read in the uncompromising, rigid figures placed before him. It is difficult to see h ow , under such circumstances, and notwithstanding thi s self-imposed abnegation, statistical science, as such, should be subject to prejudice, reproach, and attack; and yet the fact cannot be denied. We hear it said that its prosecution leads neces sarily to Pantheism and the destruction of true religion, as depriving:in man's estimation, the Almighty of His power of free self-determination, making His world a mere m ac hi ne, working according to a general pre -arranged scheme, the parts of which are capable of mathematical measurement, and the scheme itself of numerical expression ; that it loads to fatalism, and therefore deprives man of his dignity, of his virtue and morality, as it would prove him to be a mere wheel in this machine, incapable of exercising a free choice of action, but predestined to fulfil a given task and to run a prescribed course, whether for good or for evil. These are grave accusations, and would be terrible indeed if they were true. But are they true ? Is the power of God destroy ed or diminished by the discovery of the fact that the earth requires 365 revolutions upon its own axis to every revolu tion round the sun, giving us so many days to our year, and that the moon changes 13 times during that period, that the tide changes every six hours, that water boils at a tempe rature of 212 degrees according to Fahrenheit, that the nightingale sings only in April and May, that all birds lay eggs, that 106 boys are born to every 100 girls ? Or is man a less free agent because it has been ascertained that a generation lasts about thirty years, that there are annually posted at the post-offices the same number of letters on which the writer had forgotten to place any address; that the number of crimes committed under the same local, national, and social conditions is constant; that tho full grown man ceases to find amusement in the sports of the child ? But our statistical science does not even say that this must be so ; it only states that it has been so, and leaves it to the naturalist or political economist to argue that it is probable, from the number of times in which it has been found to be so, that it will be so again as long as the same causes are operating. It thus gave birth to that part of mathematical science called the calculation of probabilities, and even established the theory that in the natural world there exist no certainties at all, but only probabilities. Al though this doctrine, destroying man's feeling of security to a certain extent, has startled and troubled some, it is no less true that, while we may reckon with a thoughtless security on the sun rising to-morrow, this is only a proba ble event, the probability of which is capable of being ex pressed by a determined mathematical fraction. Our in surance offices have, from their vast collection of statistical facts, established to such a precision the probable duration of man's life that they are able to enter with each individual into a precise bargain on the value of this life ; and yet this does not imply an impious pretension to determine when this individual is really to die. But we are met also by the most opposite objection, and statistics are declared useless, because they cannot be relied on for the determination of any given case, and do only establish probabilities where man requires and asks for certainty. This objection is well founded, but it does not affect the science itself, but solely the use which man has in vain tried to make of it, and for which it is not intended. It is the essense of the statistical science that it only makes apparent general laws, but that these laws are inapplicable to any special case ; that, there fore, what is proved to be law in general is uncertain in particular. Herein lies the real refutation also of the first objection, and thus is the power, wisdom, and goodness of the Creator manifested, showing how tke Almighty has established the physical and moral world on unchangeable laws conformable to His eternal nature, while He has allowed to the ineividual the freest and fullest use of his faculties, vindicating at the same time the majesty of His laws by their remaining un affected by individual self-determination. Gentlemen, I am almost ashamed to speak such homely truths (of which I feel myself at best to be a very inadequate exponent) to a meeting like this, including men of such eminence in the science, and particularly in the presence of one who was your first President, M. Quetelet, and from whom I had the privilege, now 21 years ago, to receive my first instruction in the higher branches of mathematics—one who has so suc cessfully directed his great abilities to the application of the science to those social phenomena, the discovery of the governing laws of which can only be approached by the accumulation and reduction of statistical facts. It is the social condition of mankind, as exhibited by those facts, which form the chief object of the study and investigation undertaken by this Congress, and it hopes that the results of its labours will afford to the statesman and legislator a sure guide in his endeavours to promote social development and happiness. The importance of these international congresses in this respect cannot be overrated. They not only awaken public attention to the value of these pursuits, bring together men of all countries who devote their lives to them, and who are thus enabled to exchange their thoughts and varied experiences; but they pave the way to an agreement among different Governments and nations to follow up these common inquiries, in a common spirit, by a common method and for a common end. It is only in the largest number of observations that the law becomes apparent, and the truth becomes more and more to be relied upon, the larger the amount of facts accurately observed which form the basis of its elucidation. It is con sequently of the highest importance that observations iden tical in character should embrace the largest field of obser vation attainable. It is not sufficient, however, to collect the statistical facts of one class over the greatest area and to the fullest amount, but we require, in order to arrive at sound conclusions as to the influences operating in producing these facts, the simultaneous collection of the greatest variety of facts, the statistics of the increase of population, of mar riages, births, and deaths, of emigration, disease, crime, education, and occupation, of the products of agriculture, mining, and manufacture, of the results of trade, commerce, and finance. Nor, while their comparison becomes an essen tial element in the investigation of our social condition, does it suffice to obtain these observations as a whole, but we re quire also, and particularly, the comparison of these same classes of facts in different countries, under the varying in fluences of political and religious conditions, of occupation, races, and climates. And even this comparison of the same facts in different localities does not give us all the necessary materials from which to draw our conclusions; for we re quire, as much as anything else, the collection of observa tions of the same classes of facts in the same localities and under the same conditions, but at different times. It is only the element of time, in the last instance, which enables us to test progress or regress—that is to say, life. Thus the physician, by feeling the pulse of the greatest num ber of persons coming under his observation, old and young, male and female, and at all seasons, arrives at the average number of the pulsations of the he'art in man's normal condition ; by feeling the pulse of the same person under the most varied circumstances and conditions, he ar rives at a conclusion on this person's pulse ; again, by feeling the pulse of the greatest variety of pessons suffering from the same disease, he ascertains the general condition of the pulse under the influence of that disease; it is now only that, feeling a particular patient's pulse, he will be able to judge whether this person is afflicted by this peculiar dis ease, as far as that can be ascertained by its influence on the e even pulse. But a ll th ese comparisons of the different classes of facts under diff erent l ocal conditions, and at different times, of which e been s speaking, to the po s depend, sibili ty o n f o u t n o d n e only undertaking nt them r usefulness and as t o t h e ease with which they can be un dertaken, I buthav at all, on the similarity, nay, congruity, of the method em ployed and the expressions, figures, and conditions selected sown condition, ? task Gentlemen, t o producescie scientifically eathe this ll y Congresselaborated br under which the ob servat i ons have been taken, Does, then, the world at large not owe t h e deepest obligations to a Con gress such as the one I am a d dressing, which bas made it its especial assimilation, t e hda sa n and adt t i ots reduced place at the command of man the accumul a t e d ex p er i ence u p on i in a manner to enable the meanest intellect to draw safe conclusions vari ous meetings succeeded in doing a great deal in this di rection ; the official statistics of all countries have been improved, and in regard to the census the recommen dations of the Brussels meeting have been generally car ried out in a majority of States. I am sorry to have to admit the existence of some striking exceptions, in England in this respect ; for instance, the census of Greet Britain and Ireland was not taken on precisely the same plan in essential particulars, thereby diminishing its value fer general purposes. The judicial statistics of England and Wales do not slim a complete comparative view of the operation of our judicial establishments ; nor, while we are in all the departments of the State most actively engaged in the preparation of valuable statistics, can we deny cer tain defects in oar returns, which must be traced to the want of such a central authority or commission as was re commended by the Congress at Brussels and Paris, to direct on a general plan all the great statistical operations to be prepared by the various departments. Such a commission would be most useful in preparing an annual digest of the co l on ies, and of our vast Indian e mp i re. From suc h a our widely-scattered s t a tistics of the United Kingdom, of digest the most important results could not fail to be elicited. One of the most useful results of the labours of the Congress has been the common agreement of all States to inquire into the causes of every death, and to return the deaths from the same causes under synonymous names, sanctioned by the Congress. It has in this instance set the example of establishing what is most desirable in all difficulty branches a a n r c r j la N e i snt terms. m f ast. sTu such h statistics,There ought to exist no greater namely, the agreement an agr eemen t i n th e case of the various crimes than i n that of " causes of death ;" and it must he remembered that it is one o f the first tasks and duties of every science to start with a definition of terms. What is it that is meant by a house, a family, an upon other well-defined adult, an educated or an uneducated person, by murder, manslaughter, and so on ? It is evident that as long as a different sense is attached to these terms in different returns their use for comparison is nil, and for simple study very much deteriorated ; and still we have not yet arrived at such a simple and obvious desideratum l The different weights, measures, and currencies in which different statistics are expressed cause further difficulties and impediments. Sug gestions with regard to the removal of these ha ve b een ma d e at former meetings, and will no doubt be renewed. We fancy here that our pound, as the largest available unit, with its florin, offers great advantages, particularly if further sub divided decimally. We hope to lay before you, as far as Great Britain is concerned, the Registrar- General's analysis of the causes of death and the dangers that people encounter at each period of life ; complete returns of the produce of our mines ; the agricultural returns of Ireland, in which the Registrar-General of that country has given every year the breadth of land under every kind of crop, with an esti mate of its produce as well as its value, an d h as proved by M. Da CARVALHO MOREIRA, the Brazilian Minister, on behalf of the foreign delegates, begged to express their pro found admiration of the address to which they had listened; in the most elevated language it pointed out with prec , sion, and defined with clearness, the objects the Congress had in view. To that tribute of admiration be begged to add the warmest expression of their obligation and thanks. The PRINCE CONSORT then declared the Congress opened, and adjourned the meeting till 10 o'clock this day. iners 1 the aion, Al as ed, V ad ward xour, :ainst e de- Let of night nd as )SSCS- ) also o the care. case. omen ; done led to would I then in fair to 608 iry for .1r qr. ; to 528, stone. r, with is day Ms to barley, )ats in ; to 34s to 465. 37s per wheat Satur- s to 60e s to 40e s to 28s ith an to 565, rads in s to 34s 28s to ew, 40s —s per 50s per 1r grass a. 4. to 0 to 14 0 to 23 0 to 17 6 to 22 0 to 38 6 of Dr. ultural Lstable, Lane, hurch, errace, ;ton. rlebone escent, dward tdenly, ngton, dward e, the ianmel UNC; , 0. 11'2, Lnty of ROYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT INSTITTION.—The Committee of thig Institution earnestly APPEAL to the public for PECUNIARY ASSIST ANCE to aid them to meet the present heavy demands on the limited funds of the Society. It has now 103 lifeboats, some of which saved last year 227 persons from shipwreck. THOMAS BARING, Chairman. THOMAS CHAPMAN, Deputy-Chairman. 14, John-street, Adelphl, W.C., June, 1860. Bankers—Messrs. Willis and Co. ; Coutts and Co. ; Herries and Co. BY HER MAJESTY'S ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. MR. A. ESKELL, Surgeon Dentist, 8, Lower Grosvenor-street, begs to introducu to the notice of the Medical profession, the nobility, gentry, and the public, his newly patented invention for the construction and adaptation of ARTIFICIAL TEETH, with all the modern improve ments, upon a novel, painless, and unfailing principle, s pe rior to all other methods hit,erto discovered, whereby one set of teeth absolutely lasts a lifetime, dispensing with the necessity for a second, or reserve set, notwithstanding any changes which may take place in the mouth from natural ab sol•ption of gums or removal of teeth or stumps. To persons residing abroad, or in the country, this inven tion is invaluable, as it places within their power the adjust ment of their artificial teeth, under all circumstances 'without the aid of a dentist. Teeth stopped with gold, and Mr. Eskell's Osteo-plastic Enamel, which permanently retains the colour and restores the use of the natural tooth All consultations Free. Charges strictly moderate. 8, LOWER GROSVENOR-STREET. TO THE RIFLE BRIGADE.-A GOOD SIGHT WILL PROVE ADVANTAGEOUS IN SELF-DEFENCE. To render your sight and hearing per fect take GRIMSTONE'S EYE SNUFF, invented by him ter give strength and vigour to the vision, &c. Sold in tinfoil pack ages, 6d. per oz.; canisters, Bd., is. 3d., or in jars 2 oz., 4 oz., 8 oz., lbs. upwards at Bs. per lb. for export, under the authority of the Lords of the Treasury, and Medical authority. Or should you be a smoker, leave it off, it renders your hand un steady. If you must smoke, smoke GRIMSTONE'S ARO MATIC HERB TOBACCO. This will strengthen your nerves ; by swallowing your spittle it increases the appetite. The smoke equall. Oriental pastules. Sold in square, green packets witk red label, at 3d. per oz., is. Gd. per lb. GRIM STONE'S HAIR REGENERATOR is the only article that will produce whiskers, moustaches, eye brows, or cause a new growth of human hair upon those parts nature intends this ornament of the human figure. It is s aid in triangular bottles, and inclosed in the 77th edition of the pamphlet full of testimonials from ladies and gentlemen. Real addresses, 45., 75., and lie., this size contains four of the 4s. size, Alt letters to William Grimstone, herbaliAt, London Depot, 52, High-street, Bloomsbury; and by Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Parringdon-street, and all other respectable dealers. TEETH -1860—Post free, three stamps. A IREATISE EXP IATNING Messrs. GABRIEL'S IMPROVEMENTS in ARTIFICIAL TEETH and FLEXIBLE CORALITE GUMS, whereby one set will wear longer than three ordinary ones, and being fitted without springs, wires, or metals, and wit'.out any operation, prove a valuable desideratum to all who have occasion for the den tist's services. None but pure first class materials and workmanship employed, while the expense is even less than half the ordinary cost. To be obtained only of Messrs. Gabriel, dentists to the Prince Dottajana, established 1815, n , ed n igloma, No. 110, R egen t- s t ree t , W ., ( nex t M ec hi' s ) an d "aThe34h Ludgate-hill, City. antages obtainable by Gabriel's system render it pre-eminentlyav yet att i superio r , an d th e nearest approac h t o perfec tiona ned."—Obseryer " Gabriel's tr eatise should be read by all who value health; their system will save much money and more annoyance.,,_ Morning Herald. For obvious reasons it is necessary particularly to note the name, ind that the ent rance the private passage between Bens9n, the sil versm ith' s , and e city establishment is up the State Fire Insuranc e Office.-- Lwerpool, 134, Duke-street. CURTIS ON MANITOOD NEW EDITION: A MEDICAL ESSAY ON NERVOUS AND GENERA TIVE DISEASES. Just Published, the 125th thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price Is., sold by all Booksellers, or sent post paid, by the Author, for 12 stamps, MANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of PRE MATURE DECLINE, with Plain Directions for Perfect Restoration to 'Health and Vigour. ByJ. L. CURTIS, 15, Albermarle-street, Piccadilly, London. LAST WEEK BUT ONE. CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS, Poly grap hi c H a ll , King William-street, Strand.—Farewell Season in Lon - don, previous to the retirement of Mr. J. W. Raynor on the 2d of August —Every Evening at 8, and every Saturday Morning at 30 - clock. Tickets and places may be secured at the Hall from 11 till 4, and at Mr. Austin's West-end Box office, St. James's Hall, Piccadilly.—Sole Proprietor and Nianager, Mr. J. W. RAYNOR. RGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Picca dilly.—Open every Evening., with the celebrated Band ;onducted by Mons. Lamotte (chef d'orchestra to the Em perm Napoleon). 'A magnificent SMOKING SALOON added to this Establishment. Doors open at 8 o'clock. Ad mission, ls. Licensed pursuant to Act of Parliament. APPROACHING CLOSE OF THE SEASON. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, High Holborn (formerly Casino de Venese), the 'most beautiful and costly decorated Ball Roo and Best Band in London. Open Every Evening. To-night, and until further notice, the programme will include the Overtures Zanetta and Zampa, Quadrille, Songs of the olden times ; Waltzes, Kathleen Mavourneen and Nelly Grey; Polka, D'Amour ; the St. James's Galop, &c. Doors open at halt-past eight, and close at 12 o'clock punctually. Admission, ls. TANNED NETS AT SIX SHILLINGS PER 100 SQUARE YARDS. ETS, TENTS, MARQUEES, AND RICK CL ITS. JOHN ALLEN, Manufacturer, 10, Ossnlston-street, Clarendon-square, London, N.W.. invites attention to his GARDEN NETS, for the protection or fruit trees, flower and seed beds, from the pernicious e ff ec t s o f f ros t, blight, &c. Good seennd -hand tanned nets at Os. per 100 square yards ; cricket, rabbit, bird, and fishing nets, as also for inelosing sheep, pheasants, and poultry. O r d ers , to any ex t en t, exe cuted on the shortest notice. ATOILETTE REQUISITE for the SPRING.— Among the many luxuries of the present age, none ctn be obtained possessing the manifold virtues of OLDRIDGE'S BALM of COLUMBIA. If applied to the roots and body of the hair it imparts the most delightful coolness, with an agreeable fragrance of perfume. It also, at this period of the season, prevents the hair from falling off, or, if already too thin or turning grey, will prevent its further progress, and soon restore it again. Thole who really desire to have beau tiful hair. either with wave or curl, should use it daily. It is also celebrated for strengthening the hair, freeing it from scurf, and producing new hair, whiskers, and moustaches. Established upwards of 30 years. No imitative wash can equal it. Price 3s. ed., 65., and Ils. only. C. and A. OLD RIDGE, 22, Wellington-street, Strand, W.C. ~~► THE NA VY. The Dee, paddle, Master Commander Pullen, sailed yesterday from Portsmouth on her return to Woolwich, after landing boilers, machinery, &c., at the first-named yard. '1 he Meg era, screw troopship, Commander Hen derson, refitting at Portsmouth, has berthed along side the Malabar depot to fill up her coal. Her Majesty's paddle yacht Victoria and Albert, Captain Hon. J. Denman, steamed out ot Ports mouth harbour yesterday, and proceeded to her moorings in Cowes Roads. The Fire Queen, paddle, Master Commander Paul, steamed out of Portsmouth harbour yester day, and proceeded down the Western Channel to test boilers and machinery on the completion of her repairs. The Perseverance, screw troopship, Commander E. R. Power, will be taken out of the steam basin at Portsmouth to-morrow, and proceed to Spithead to test her new boilers and her machinery. When ready for sea she will proceed to the West Indies and Sierra Leone, to relieve troops at the different garrisons there. The Gorgon, 6, paddle, Commander B. C. Pim, steamed into Portsmouth harbour yesterday from Spithead. It is expected that she will receive new boilers and refit for further service. The Sirius target ship will be undocked at Portsmouth to-morrow, and the Sprightly, paddle, afterwards placed in the same dock. The Fearless, tender to the steam ordinary, sailed from Sheerness yesterday for Greenhithe, with men to navigate the Castor training ship of Coast Volunteers to the river Tyne. The Irresistible, 80, screw steamship, 400-horse power, was towed from the basin to harbour moor ings, where she is placed in the second-class steam reserve. The Racehorse, 4, screw steam sloop, 200-horse power, has arrived in Sheerness harbour from Chat ham, where, after coaling, she will have a trial of her engines, and return to Chatham to be fitted for the first-class steam ordinary. THE ARMY. The examination of officers candidates for admis sion to the Staff College commenced yesterday morning at the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, before Major-Gen. Rumley, Vice-President ; Major-Gen. Portlock, and the other members of the Council of Military Education. The examination will extend over 8 days, terminating on the 24th inst. There are about 30 officers candidates. The Ist and 2d battalions of the Grenadier Guards are to be inspected by H.R.H. the Duke of Cam bridge on Thursday next in Hyde-park. The proceedings and finding of the General Court-martial which assembled at Chatham garrison a few weeks since for the trial of Captain Henry George Savage, commanding the 33d company of Roy al Engineers, having been approved by her Majesty, were promulgated to the officers of the Royal and Indian Engineers at Brompton-barracks yesterday. The charges on which Captain Savage was tried were for having, on the 21st May, know ingly sent in the morning state of the 33d company of Royal Engineers, addressed to Col. Sandham, and also some passes for the men of his company, as well as an application for leave for himself, falsely signed with his name, the false signatures having been attached by Lieut. Harvey, by pri soner's directions ; for having absented himself from the issue of bread and meat, and also failed to attend parade on the morning of the 21st of May ; and for having falsely stated to Lieu tenant-Colonel . Ross, when questioned by that officer, that he did not know he was on duty on the day in question. Lieutenant E. Har vey, RE., has also been placed under arrest with Captain Savage, and has been in custody ever since, without having been brought to trial, both officers havinc , been in conineme n t s i nce th e 22d o f May. At 9.30 6 a.m. yesterday the whole of the Royal and Indian Engineers were assembled in the officers' mess-room at Brompton barracks by order of Major- General Eyre, when Capt. Savage and Lieut. Har vey having been brought into the room, General Eyre informed both those officers that they were released from custody and would return to their duty, at the same time handing them their swords. Captain Savage at once took the command of his company. The finding of the Court has given very general satisfaction to the officers of the garrison. ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills Pills and Ointment.— Art surpasses Science.—ln the cure of all diseases expe rience is the grand handpmiden of nature ; to watch the proper moment and to give the appropriate medicine is the chief art in subduing all ailments. As Holloway's medi cines remove all obstractions t) perfect action, as the watch maker clears the works of an ill-going timepiece, they • mus t necessarily restore regularity and order. Such being their benign action they can never be used at the wrong ti m e, nor improperly, if attention be given to the instruc tions which accompany every package of Pills and Oint ment. The weakest, as well as the strongest, may advan tageously use them, their action being so cooling, healing, purifying, and restorative. What are the objects of the China war? The question has been asked over and over again by the country, and has hitherto received no explicit an swer. British and French troops are now moving is te ofo n etN.vi li nthag of :o.si,catho be s , acnrfiudalp u sl ie s e a dfd aod transports in the hd eatyhnarrow by cysi Ch . oairw i od ie rei, Chinese w peh ate rs, Chus a n has channelll aGtbr Grant processionnuw r t h i i l o c ao f i s l Hong is leads hiiaiils no l probability already gone north, and the Admiral, who was waiting only the arrival of Lord Elgin, is doubtless by this time escorting him towards the scene of his former diplomatic exploits. The French are evidently far on their way to the gene/II rendez vous, for we find that one of their largest storeships has been lost upon the dangerous coast of Amoy. Those yellow, muddy, shallow, northern seas, where usually nothing is seen but timorous fishing boats, huddled together under the convoy of some Portuguese lorcha, while a pirate hovers in the dis tance to cut off a straggler or to pounce upon a sugar junk—those turbid, dreary seas are now clouded with the smoke of gunboats, covered with the white sails of the square-rigged ships, and peopled with soldiers and sailors whose homes are in the West. At what expense these demonstra tions have been made the House of Commons has only just discovered; but what this great warlike force is going to do no one seems to know. Per haps it may pass the hot months and the sharp winter in Japan, or in utilising the hitherto neglected opportunities of surveying the northern coast and internal waters; perhaps our soldiers and sailors may go right on, and do their work off-hand, laughing at that terrible bugbear of a Pekin winter, and believing that an English soldier is not likely to perish of cold which an Asiatic can endure. But what this work is no one seems to know. The House of Commons on Fri day night persistently, but vainly, tried to draw the secret from the Government. Having paid the bill, SirJ.Elphinstone, and Mr. Osborne, and other members, thought they had a right to be told what species of value they were to receive for it. To Mr. Osborne's question the Chancellor of the Exchequer was obstinately silent. Lord John Manners only succeeded in drawing from Lord J. Russell a sort of hint that he hoped at this vast expense to obtain an apology and a ratification of the treaty. Lord Palmerston told us that the object of the war was " to prevent our subjects being murdered, our treaty torn up as waste paper, and every indignity and outrage heaped upon us," but the intimation was rather too general in terms to add much to our knowledge. Why is this ? Why is it that there is no defined national policy in our relations with China ? The answer is very easy. We have only to note the men who rise to take part in these debates, to re collect their previous conduct, and to know their connection, and we see at once why every one advocates a different line of action, and why nearly all would be ready to combine against any really national policy which a Minister should be bold enough and, we are afraid we must say, indiscreet enough to declare, There are a dozen different objects which a dozen different classes see in this war. First, and perhaps most contemptible of all, is the vanity of a few antiquated military and naval men, who desire to avail themselves of the accident of a seat in Parliament to direct from their places at Westminster operations which would never have been committed to their professional control. These unemployed officers ' are anxious to:override in their quality of burgesses the responsible counsels which Ministers obtain from the heads of their respective professions. They are ready to dispute with a Minister every military probability, and to demonstrate that every thing is impossible, and that ships and armies are good only to be paid for. It is only by concealing every military or naval plan that the anxious and obtrusive interference of these zealous volunteer ad visers can be avoided. They are men with votes and men with tongues, and a Minister dares not say to them " This is a professional matter which has been considered by your superiors in your own pro fession ; I am unable to argue it with you in detail, but the Crown, in whose province it is to make choice, has confidence in their judgment, and has none in yours." The House of Commons would re sent so curt a truth, and the public will listen to a Parliament man who talks. Next to these in per sistency, and before these in influence, we have the China commercial interest. To them the British pub lic owes nearly all that harrowing news which from time to time disturbs its equanimity. The rebels are always threatening Canton or destroying the young teas just at some critical moment for the markets. The silk crop is always going to fail. British manu factures are very dull, and the markets overstocked. The exchanges are very bad. The interest of this class is to keep things exactly as they are—to buy things cheap in China and to sell them dear in Eng land, and to buy things cheap in England and to sell them dear in China. That is their business. It is the spirit of commerce, the true policy of the trader. I No one complains of it, but it gives a special chan nel to their desires and carries out for them their object. In their eyes the object of a China war must be to keep things exactly as they are—ships of war always on the coast, troops always within hail, the Chinese authorities always in alarm, Man darins too frightened to be very particular about dues, and too much in dread of a barbarian force to make much noise even if a Chinese Custom house officer should be slain, and a Hong Kong jury should acquit the slayer. These are the natural objects of one class which has great autho rity in England, and in order to attain these ob jects that class must, of course, oppose any large measure which would put our relations upon a solid footing, open the whole country to trade, and destroy that profitable mystery in which China has ever been shrouded. Mr. Baring must speak in the name of this interest, and this interest only, when he affects to speak in the name of commerce. Thirdly, we have the diplomatic class, which be lieves only in treaties and in the phrases used in diplomatic correspondence; which thinks that the best object of a China war is to make some Man darin admit that a British Consul is his equal in rank, that the highest success is to have the name of our Queen placed as high up in a column of , Chinese characters as the name of Hienfung, and that a sufficient compensation for 10,000 lives and twenty millions of money has been obtained if the Emperor can be got to tolerate a Resident Ambassador at Pekin—where he must always necessarily be the fruitful occasion of more wars and of a constant succession of expeditions. This class also has its object. To them the expedition is of use only to alarm the Chinese—to go to Tien-tsin, but not to go so far as to frighten the Emperor and his Court into flight, lest they should lose their beloved ceremonies, and be baulked in their desire to sit upon the same bench as a fat man with a peacock's feather in his cap. There are other classes besides these who have their spe cial objects. We cannot here deal with them all. We must pass by the professional humanitarians and the committed party men, and speak only of that interest which we wish to prevail. This, then, is the Great National Interest. The country has a true instinct that such an interest exists, but has only a vague perception of it. The general election showed this so plainly that our party men have not even yet forgotten the lesson. This National Interest requires an entire disregard of the effete counsels of home-staying warriors, an impartial dealing with the special interests of those who now monopolize the China trade, and a discouragement of official digni taries, uneasy at being thought not good com -1 pang by a barbarian with a ball of red coral on his head. The national interest is to open China to all, to make the people our friends and our cus tomers, and to show their corrupt oppressors that, with them or without them, we will exercise our treaty rights to traffic with those who are desirous to traffic with us. This is what we consider to be the only proper object of a China war. To this object we believe there is but one effective course of action. That is, that we should once for all go direct to Pekin, enter that city —as we should do without any real opposition--and there have our treaty properly signed and ratified. We saw after we had bombarded Canton that the bombardment was utterly unnecessary, and that we might have entered it with half our force. We shall never have again to use force at Canton. We never have had to use force a second time at Amoy or Ningpo, or in any other city where we have adopted a decided p olic y . So it would b e a t P e ki n. To hold the city for any time would be unnecessary ; t o main tain a Resid en t A m b assa d or there would , as we venture to think, be a blunder. But to show our selves th ere i n f orce as masters of the city is a necessity. Unless we do th is nothin g is don e. Unless we show the Court of Pekin that our arm is long enough to reach the m we ma y sl aughter Chinamen and burn cities, and weep crocodile tears as we do so, but we shall make no impression Upo n a court whose only i nstinct is a selfis h fear. The public object whic h w e ho p e to attain by thi s i s not one which wil l find f a v our with China mer chants or with politicians who have taken up their Mons. 1)e Vattel, in his admirable work, defines the Necessary Law of Nations to consist in the ap plication of the law of nature to nations. "It con tains the precepts prescribed by the law of nature to states, on whom that law is not less obligatory than on individuals, since states are composed of men, and the law of nature is binding on all men, under whatever relation they act. Hence it is necessary, because nations are absolutely bound to observe it." This is the law which Grotius calls the "internal law of nations," "on account of its being obligatory on nations in point of conscience.!' If these eminentjurists had been in the habit of stu ;ly ing the blue-books of the present day, more espe', ! i a li v those relating to the affairs of Italy, Savoy arid Nice, they would have been forced to the conclusion that some of the nations of Europe, at all events, having no conscience, had ceased to be bound by any law, but had "become a l aw unto themselves'," and therefore set at defiance all those international principles so carefully and ably laid down by these learned men. The annexation took place in defi ance of the Powers, who were never consulted, because it was well known that they were opposed to it, and if we are to believe the description given. in Mr. Oliphant's pamphlet (" Universal Suffrage and Napoleon III."), of the mode in which the wish of the population was taken, the choice put before. each voter was French annexation or a French penal settlement. Nor was the pressure thus exer cised confined to French influence alone. We regret that the Sardinian Government should not merely have connived at the political jugglery - which was carried on in Savoy and Nice under the name of universal suffrage, but that it should have actively co-operated in forcing the people to vote in accord ance with the treaty of the 24th of March, and allowed it to be generally understood that a hos tile vote would be considered an act of rebellion. The stumblingblock in the way of the imperial policy at this moment is Switzerland. This stub born and courageous little Power has, during the last six months, bombarded M. Thouvenel with, notes and protocols to an extent which has caused that fluent and versatile diplomatist no little em barrassment. In vain have threats and caresses been employed to win over to silence the Federal. Council. While all Europe was dozing, the Swiss, like the bold inhabitants of Lilliput, were binding down the giant with red tape, and sticking tiny spears into him in all directions. There is an Eastern proverb, to the effect that a cat will fly at an elephant if she is pushed into a corner. Switzer-. laud is in this position, and while struggling naar,_ fully to hold her own, appeals to the Powers o f Europe to help her—not as an act of charity, but in fulfilment of those obligations in her b( l h a if which were entered into in the interest of Eirrope itself. The negotiations with reference to the prcr;inces of Faucigny and Chablais resulted in that article of the Treaty of Vienna, the reconcilement of which with the second article of the Treaty of Turin is to form the subject of a conference of the Great Powers. The 92d article of the Treaty of Vienna runs as follows :—" The Provinces of Chablais and Faucigny, and the whole of the territory of Savoy to the north of Ugine, belonging to his Majesty the King of Sardinia, shall form a part of the neu trality of Switzerland, as it is recognised and gua ranteed by the Powers. Whenever. therefore, the neigh louring Powers to Switzerland are in a state of open or impending hostility, the troops, of his Majesty the King of Sardinia, which are in those provinces, shall retire, and may for that purpose pass through the Vallais, if necessary. No other armed troops of any other Power shall have the privilege of passing through or remaining in the said territories and provinces, excepting those which the Swiss Confederation may think proper to place there." The stipulation with which this article is to be reconciled is to this effect :—" It is equally under stood that his Majesty the King of Sardinia cannot transfer the neutralised parts of Savoy, except on the conditions upon which he himself possesses them, and that it will appertain to - his Majesty the Emperor of the French to come to an understand ing on this subject with the Powers represented at the Congress of Vienna and with the Swiss Con federation, and to give them the guarazztees re quired by the stipulations referred to in this article." In entertaining the possibility of reconciling these two articles, we have to consider, not so much in whose favour the territory was neutralized, as against whom it was neutralized. The only Power to whom the acquisition of this district could be of importance was France ; hence the trouble she has taken to acquire it, and hence the impossi bility of her fulfilling those conditions which were imposed for the purpose of keeping her out of it. It was not until the French Government per ceived the absence of any concerted action on the part of the European Powers, that it receded from the language held by M. Thouvenel, and diFeovered that the cession of the North of Savoy to Switzer land was impossible, in consequence of the objec tions said to be entertained by the Savoyards themselves to the dismemberment of their country. England, Russia, and Austria had agreed. to join in this Conference, and it is of the utmost ii nportance that they should meet not as parties to a discus sion upon equal terms with France, to consider an expedient solution of a complication, but as a tribunal sitting in judgment upon the acts of the French Government—bound in honour to respond to the invitation of a weak and threatened power, whose independence they have sworn to protect, and ready if need be demand the restitution of ter ritory which can alone secure that independence. There can be no doubt that if the Powers insist upon the abandonment of Northern Savoy by France, as the only solution which will be accepted by them, France would be compelled to revert to her own original proposal of their annexation to S witzer land. This is what the Powers are honourably bound to insist upon. Unfortunately, in the present demoralised condition of Europe, it is not what we have any right to expect from them. Mea n time, if the conference ends in no concession on the part of the Emperor, those who have:been parties to it will have been justly humiliated, and Switzerland most unjustly betrayed. BRIG.HTON ELECTION. CLOSE OF THE results A in the POLL. The Brighton election contestt has results T polli no' com mencedelection of Mr. James at 8 o'clock yes te rday W r l d ' a i y . morning, a: ad at the te half hour Mr. I, Vhite, as expiration of the shown by the publishedfi statements, had_ a decided Mr. Moor, the conseri Ai-ye can didate,lead. Next came Mr. Goldsmid. The t vo ,t !rs polled and last Mr. e M White and Mr. Moor. but Mr rapidly for, Goldsmid continued to, fall back till bet 7Neen half past twelve and v hi one l o clock, w h en, bein M gover 200 vo t es behind Mr. te, he retired from the contest. Mr. Moor was then but a small air tuber—some twenty-fivo—under Mr. - White, but wh ten the news of Mr. Goldsmid's retirement became us ›ised abroad votes were polled very quickly for Air. (White, and by four o'clock that gentleman:was ovi !r• 300 ahead, as the following official statement will . ..how : 'White Moor Goldsmid Torrents of rain poured down from : .1; n early hour, and the utmost good conduct prevail( i 1 throughout the entire proceedings. The speeche: 3 of the mem ber and the re j ec t e d can did a t es , a t 01a declaration of the poll, contained nothing of imp° rtance. Mr. White said he would carry out t host a grea t P rin • had ciples to the furtherance of wh i , 211 his life hitherto been devoted ; and Mr, l's.to occa sion. expressed his intention of coming forward ' o n another Not a word of Mr. Golds iid'o speech could be heard.