The Sun. — London, England, 1829-09-23 00:00:00

.) of the ,rte bat ar- en Ad the THE DESIGNS OF RUSSIA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—lmtnediately after the battle of ku lertsCha you inserted two letters of mine, which were designed to open the eyes of your readers to the inevitable consequences of that battle. Permit me now to make some remarks on the peculiar situation of affairs in the East. It teem s to be the opinion of some, and of your !elf in the number, that the ambition of Russia 13 now made manifest—that she will seize with a Stron g hand the whole of her conquests, and turn a deaf ear bath to the dictates of wisdom and to the solicitations of her Allies ; that there fore the time is arrived for declaring war against he r , or, what is equivalent to it, for seizing the Castles of the Dardanelles, and opposing the en trance of the Russian fleet into the Sea of Mar ni°l'a• Let us examine these positions : , On wh a t i s th e o pi n i on groun d e d t h a t t h e Emper or Nicholas will violate all his engage ments, and appropriate to himself the whole of Turk e y i n E urope ? I see no arguments ad duced except the continued march of General 12iiebitsch, and the order for a new levy of re cruits• But as to the first, it is certain th a t no E n voys craving peace had reached the G enera l by, the l atest accounts ; an d as to t h e l evy, t h e ( ate of it proves that it was ordered at the very tim e when the despat c h es o f t h e E ng li s h an d F rench Ambassadors at Constantinople had just coll veyed to the Emperor the positive assurance that the stout heart of the Sultan rejected every Proposal, and that the Reis Effendi insisted on t th e immedi a t e evacuat i on o f t h e O ttoman terri °rY. as a necess a ry p re li m i nar y t o a ll nesocia ion The Emperor th e n ac t e d wi se ly in re solving (like his brother Alexander in the war against Napoleon) to bring this war to a quick and decisive issue, by placing under the com mand of his Generals an overwhelming force. He acted wisely towards his own kingdom, and humanely towards his adversary's. But will General Diebitsch arrest the march of his army, and grant the Porte an armistice on the arrival of the Envoys ? This depends altogether on the message they bring. He has sufficient ground to suspect ill faith, and will very justly require securities. Should those securities be ample, should the Porte accede to the terms in sisted on previously, and take the English and F rench Ambassad ors as guarantees of his sin cerity and good faith, no doubt an armistice will be signed. But for my part 1 believe the Sulta n is still too obdurate; he will rather try the last chance of arms, or take refuge in Asia Minor. Should this prove the case, Russia will assuredly be justified in raising her claims, as we did ours against Napoleon. It seems ge nerally imagined that if Constantinople is con quered, all Turkey in Europe must fall into the grasp of Russia. Be assured, Sir, it will not be so. What the new arrangement may prove, who can pronounce ? But Russia herself is too wise, in the present state of the European fa mily, to grasp at every thing. The arrange ments will be submitted to a congress of the five great military Powers, and the new mo narchy of Greece will no doubt come in for the greatest and most valuable share.-- The provinces beyond Albania and the Balkan ,Would probably fall to Austria and Russi a , a s u eing more connected by language, habits, and mod es of life, with those States than with Greece. And I should be glad if any one would Prove to me in which way the balance of power In Europe would be overturned by such an ar rangement ; while on the other hand, the peace and Prosperity of those rich and interesting " u ntries would be immensely benefitted by de stroying the most cruel of all tyrannies—that of a dominant fanatic tribe, differing from the mass °f the population in religion, language, and man ners, and treading them under foot. 11. But secondly, it is alleged, that England O ught at once to interfere a main arm&, and s top the career of the Russian General. As 'natters are now situated, would not this be the v ery acme of injustice ?—a degree of profligacy , c f which th ere i s no exam pl e i n E ng li s h his c, sinc e th e y ear 1672, w h en Ch ar l es t h e Second attacked attackea Holland ? What possible ground have we for war ? What injury has Russi a done us ? What violation of her engage- Irt elits ? Are we not in alliance with her, and in alliance against Turkey ? The wisdom of such a measure is as problematical as its justice and good faith. We must suffer greatly in our c ommerce, we must bear new and heavy taxes, we must send a large army to the Dardanelles amid Bosphorus, otherwise how can we hazard our fleets in the Black Sea ? We must be pre- Pared to submit to an expenditure fully equal to that of the Peninsular war. Even then it is doubtful whether we can securely garrison a aingle fortress in the Black Sea, or the Sea of llarmora. Can our fleets winter or refit in thos e seas , or leave them whenever they please ? C an we depend on the good faith and active co operation of the Turks? Is our commerce with Turk ey one twentieth part as valuable as that f w ith Russia ? And all this h azar d an d loss is ur a mere bugbear—a pretended balance of Power. Be assured, Sir, the Duke of Welling tun is far too wise to rush headlong into any Su ch a war. H e canno t pl a c e even a momen tSry dependance on the new French Ministry ; a nd lie knows full well, that the French nation ar s e ho s til e to T ur k ey an d to E ng l an d . C an h e 5 " any dependance on Austria or Prussia ? I m Possible ! But in truth, our difficulties at t t cHne are neither few nor trifling, and leave us e ° leisure or appetite f o r cost ly an d h azar d ous 4 ( Pediti ons a t t h e ot h er extrem i ty o f E urope . he Minister, who refused to embark in a Por auguese war, will not readily embark in a Turkish /1(1 Russian war. I remain, your obedient servant, Se pt. 18, 1829. MODERATOR. C aptain STEWA RT, whose name is so tra -1:,411Y mixed up with the frightful massacre committed by ‘, e l 0 " board the Mary Russell, on her passage from the mat Indies to Cork, for which he was tried at the Sum- Assiz es o f 1823, an d f or w hi c h, pursuant to t h e or d er fr , made, he has since been confined to a cell in the city has b een l a b our i n g since Th urs d a y l as t un d er v i o ' en t r n a t l u e's• His wife and children, we understand, had been t "e h a bi t o f see i ng hi m , an d th e l a tt er lie was accus °flied to instruct, by teaching them to read the Bible and °thee religio us books. He bad been gradually wasting, 4 t . 4 ( 1 on th e day above stated, he became, and still con vi"es, very deranged, but seems in much awe of the go etnor AI NVwho exercises great controul over r. ALSII, e. 41 ) It is supposed he must he removed from the gaol to 4 lunatic asylum.— Cork Southern Reporter. The accounts received yesterday and this day fro m Tipperary furnish rather a ludicrous commentary on ,i resoluti ons of the Seventy TVise Men of Thurles. iti fte country remains profoundly tranquil. The business T the field s , t h e i n d ustry i n t h e towns, procee d s as usua l . `ere are no nightly outrages—no squabbles in the streets e 4O collisions between the peop'e and the police. The , ° " s tabulary, though vigilant, appear unemp'oyed, and the Zrices who resolved they were standing on the crater of a ttee4n" ground,be seen hunting and shooting over the dun lieh°lll without manifesting the slightest appre t.,:liwl as to the results. May their fears be _hushed for `1"--.Dublin Evening Post Of Saturday. FROM THE GAZETTE OF LAST NIGHT. Whitehall, Sept, 21, 1829. The King has been pleased to present the Rev John Brown Patterson to the church and parish of Falkirk, in the presbytery of Linlithgow, and county of Stirling, va cant by the death of the Rev. James Wilson. The King has also been pleased to present the Rev. John Imray to the church and parish of Lonpide, in the presbytery of Deer and county of Aberdeen, vacant by the death of the Rev. Thomas Kidd. The King has also been pleased to present the Rev. Francis Cannan to the Church and Parish of Tealing, in the presbytery of Dundee and county of Forfar, vacant by the transportation of the Rev. George Todd to the Church and Parish of Dundee. Commission in the Royal Carnarvon Rifle Corps, signed by the Lord L'eutenant of the county of Carnarvon. Lieut. William Chapman, half-pay Rifle Brigade, to be Adjutant (with the rank of Captain), vice Sewell, dec. March 2S. Commissions in the Wilts Yeomanry, signed by the Lord • Lieutenant of the county of Wilts. Devizes Troop—T. H. S. B. Estcourt, Gent. to be Cornet, vice Pollhill, promoted. Sept. S. Salisbury Troop-2-H. Everett, Gent. to ba Cornet, vice the Hon. H. B. Arundel), resigned. Sept. 4. DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. William Abbott, Aldersgate-street, coal-merchant. BANKRUPTCY ENLARGED. William Taylor, Lombard-street, stationer, from Sept. 25 to Oct. 2, at twelve, at the Court of Com►nissioners. BANKRUPTS. John Smith, Western-place, Portman-green, Maryle bone, bricklayer, to surrender Sept. 29, at eleven, Oct. 2, and Nov. 3, at ten, at the Court of Commissioners. Pa terson, Bouverie-street, Fleet-street. Robert Alexander, Great Coram-street, Brunswick square, bookseller, Sept. 29, at ten, Oct. 6, at nine, and Nov. 3, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners. Parton and Ellis, St. Mildred's-court, Poultry. John and Robert Thomson, Liverpool, merchants, Oct. 19, 20, and Nov. 3, at one, at the Clarendon-buildings, Liverpool. Holden, Liverpool; Ellis, Walmsley, and Gorton, Chancery-lane. Charles Spicer, Margate, victualler, Sept. 25, Oct. 6, at one, and Nov. 3, at twelve, at the Court of Commis sioners. Vandercom and Comyn, Bush-lane, Cannon-street. Joseph Marshall, Foleshill, Coventry, ribbon-manufac turer, Sept. 29, at six, 30, at ten, and Nov. 3, at eleven, at the King's Head Inn, Coventry. Austen and Hobson, Gray's-Inn, London ; Troughton and Lea, Coventry. DIVIDENDS. J. Jones, M tchynlleth, Montgomeryshire, timber-mer chant, Oct. 20, at eleven, at the Oak-inn, Pool, Mont gomeryshire—P. Selby, Angel-court, Throgmorton-street, merchant, Oct. 20, at one, at the Court of Commissioners —W. Oswell, Angel-court,Throgmorton-street, merchant, Oct. 20, at one, at the Court of Commissioners—S. Beuzeville, Henley-upon-Thames, silk-manufacturer, Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners--J. Price and W. Unwin, Highbury, victuallers, Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners—T. Evetts, Bir mingham, refiner of metals, Oct. 15, at one, at the Royal Hotel, Birmingham—G. H. Crowther, Frodsham, Chester, bookseller, Oct. 15, at twelve, at the office of W. Bartley, Liverpool—J. Scott and M. Ellis, Cateaton-street, ware housemen, Oct. 13, at eleven, at the Court of Commissioners —J. Wyatt, Plymouth, rope-maker, Nov. 11, at eleven, at Elliott's Royal Hotel, Devonport--J. Gibbing, W. W. Smith, and W. Goode, Birmingham, bankers, Oct. 16, at twelve, at the Royal Hutel, Birmingham— T. Lambert, Sandal Magna, York, tanner, Oct. 15, st eleven, at the Sessions house, Wakefield--T. 11PLeoil, Chichester, draper, Oct. 13, at two, at the Court of Com missioners. CERTIFICATES—OcT. 13. T. Tinley, jun. Liverpool, merchant—W. V. Spencer, Swanage, Dorsetshire, cattle-dealer—P. Brown, Bland ford-Forum, Dorsetshire, victualler—J. W. Buckland, Great Tower-street, tailor—R. Carruthers, Gracechurch street, hosier—E. J. Blackwell, Nailsworth, Gloucester shire, woollen-cloth-manufacturer. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. A. and W. Wood, Hastings, Sussex, bricklayers—R. Duncan and John Fletcher, Liverpool, merchants—J. Garnett, G.Winterton, and H. Dick, Liverpool, merchants —J. and J. Heckle, Liverpool, coopers—T. Phipp, C. W. Burmester, and T. Blackett, Bishopsgate Within— S. Slaipton, R. and R. Poppleton, Russell -street, Bermond sey, leather-factors—J. and G. Oates, Halifax, Yorkshire, merchants--It. and L. L. Tovey, Bristol, whip-manufactu rers—H. Lock and T. Humphrey, Thames-street, mer chants—J. Pocock and J. Endicott, Bath, farriers—J. and R. Harper, Norwich, dyers—J. Howell, B. James, H. Gil lett, T. Stroud, and C. Lee, Regent-street, warehousemen —J. Overton and W. Smith, Sculcoates, Yorkshire, iron founders—J. R. Crowe and H. D. Woodfall, Norway, mer chants—J. Shillito and J. Frear, Knottingley, Yorkshire, rope-makers—R., P., and G. A. Smith, Wallridge, Glou cestershire, woollen-manufacturers--J. Murrell and C. Hurst, Great Titchfield-street, St. Marylebone, grocers. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. James Finlayson, Allan, Ross-shire, cattle-dealer, Oct. 1, 15, at the Sheriff Court-house, Tain. James Neilson, jun., Leith, merchant, Oct. 2, 19, at the Sheriff Clerk's-office, Leith. Thomat and John Scotland, West Luscar, Fifeshire, writers to the signet, Oct. 22, at the office of Mr. Hunter, Edinburgh. - Edward Alexander, Powis, Patrick Connal, John Thomas, Robert Thomson, and John and Peter Wright, Stirling, an.l John Hutton Spite, Alloa, bankers, Oct. 12, at the Court-house, Stirling. William Charteris, Glasgow, tape-manufacturer, Oct. 5, 19, at the Sheriff Clerk's-office, Glasgow. Vair Clirehugh, Edinburgh, perfumer, Sept. 28, Oct. 7, at Chulmer's Hotel, Edinburgh. Lennox Blaikie, Edinburgh, merchant, Sept. 23, Opt. 17, at the Royal Exchange Coffee-house, Edinburgh. William Crawford, Glasgow, surgeon, Sept. 25, Oct. 12, at the Stirling-square Coffee-room, Glasgow. Robert Martin, Leith, corn-merchant, Sept. 28, Oct. 14, at the Royal Exchange Coffee-house, Edinburgh. John Murray, Edinburgh, insurance -broker, Sept. 29, Oct. 13, at the Royal Exchange Coffee-house, Edinburgh. William Neilson, Leith, mu-chant, Oct. 2, 19, at the Sheriff Clerk's•offiec, Leith. The body of the lamented Capt. WATERS, of the Hayford, of Swansea, which was lost with the whole of her crew off the Devonshire coast during the late heavy gales, was found on Friday morning on the shore near the Mumbles. From the length of time the body had remained in the water, its identity could only be ascertained by the watch found in the pocket.— Cambrian. The following is an extract of a private letter from Calcutta, dated August 28 :—" The want of rain in the lower provinces has already begun to injure the Indigo, and, from all appearances, we shall have another short crop. Opium here is on the advance, and fetches full ten rupees per chest more than at our last advices. We have had some heavy importations of European goods, and the trade for these is generally dull. Twist is, however, looking up, and in fair demand." A BAD HELMSMAN.--A few days since the Captain of a small coal vessel unloading at Cromarty hap pened to fall in with a few friends, all freemasons. The conversation turning upon the " mystic tie," and the charms and virtues of freemasonry, the Captain expressed a strong desire to he enrolled amongst the gentle craft. A meeting was accordingly called, and the worthy Captain initiated instanter into the far-famed mysteries of JACHIN and BOAZ. Pleased with such a signal mark of kindness, the man of the deep insisted upon his companions accom panying him to his vessel, and drinking success to free masonry all over the world. The cabin was, of course, well stocked with whiskey, and as the brethren were nothing loth, divers hearty libations were drank in honour of the cause. Business, however, must be attended to; and though the Captain seemed to think with Dr. JOHN SON that a man is never so happy as when he is idle, he recollected that he had engaged to go up the frith to the small villige ofJemina to freight the vessel with pit props. He then hoisted his sail and steered merrily onwards ; but finding it next to impossible to quit his boon companions below, the Captain committed the care and guidance of the vessel to one of his friends, a tailor. The latter was not accustomed to work without measures; and, as might be foreseen without any remarkable sagacity, he speedily went immeasurably wrong. The rudder was in the hands of the tailor almost as awful an instrument as a drawn sword in the hands of King JAHES or the Provost of Dun dee, and instead of go i ng to the place appointed, the ves sel was steered straight across the frith. At last up came the real Captain, rubbing his eyes to take an observation, when he found the wonders of the deep realized, for Ins bark was run high and dry upon the opposite shore. Every exertion was made to get her off, but without effect. The taikx had sewed them up completely with this new cut, and so firmly was the vessel fixed, that several men have since been employed to form a canal for admitting the tide, in the hope of launching her once more into her native element,..-4' wernm Courier. COURT OF ALDERMEN. Yesterday a Court was held for the purpose of receiving the City Solicitor's report of the award made by the arbitrator to whom it was referred to inquire into and determine the validity of the votes given for Henry Winchester, Esq., and for Arthur Wilde, Esq., respectively, upon the election for Alderman of Vintry Ward. Although due notice had been given that a Court would be held, there was not a sufficient number of Aldermen present to constitute a Court until within 20 minutes to three o'clock, the hour appointed being one. The Lord Mayor sent officers to hunt for Aldermen all through the city, and at length thirteen were collected, and the business was commenced. The inconvenience to which this negligence upon the part of the Aldermen leads has been very great, and a fine is, we understand, to be inflicted in the event of any future inattention to the regular notice. The City Solicitor presented to the Court tl e award made by Mr. Follett, on the subject of the contested gown. The Learned Gentleman (the City Solicitor) accompanied the presentment with a few appropriate words. The award stated, that it had been referred to his (Mr. Follett's) arbitration, to consider the vali dity of the votes for Mr. Winchester, and those for Mr. Wilde, and to decide to which of those candi dates the vacant gown of Vintry Ward of right be longed. He had accordingly proceeded to an exami nation of the votes upon each side, and he had as certained that Mr. Winchester had a majority of good and valid votes over Mr. Wild : he therefore decided, that Mr. Winchester was duly elected Al derman of the Ward of Vintry. The LORD MAYOR then ordered that Mr. Win chester should be called in, and sworn according to the terms of the mandamus issued to the Court by the Chief Justice of the King's Bench. Mr. Winchester was warmly welcomed by the Court upon entering, and he was sworn in in due form, and took his seat. It is reported that the contest has cost Alderman Winchester nearly 10,0001. READING, SEPT. 21. This day our great annual cheese•fair was held in the Forbury. About .500 tons were pitched, being 50 tons less than last year. This diminution in the supply did not arise from the want of cheese in the dairy counties, but from an idea prevailing that so much would not be wanted, and the dairymen thought it most prudent not to overstock the mar ket. At the commencement a general dulness per vaded the whole fair, and the dealers, as if by uni versal consent, would not so much as look at the cheese on the terms then asked, viz. for the best double Gloucester, 565. per cwt. The dairymen, finding it useless to stand out, gave way 45., and several of the best dairies were then taken off at from 50s. to 525. per cwt; a few lots reached 545., but the general run did not exceed 50s. There were a few tons of old cheese, the average of which brought 625.; new thin, 40s. to 445. per cwt. At the close in the evening, 220 tons remained undis posed of, and the reduction in price, as compared with last year, was from 15s. to 18s. per cwt. The sale of the cheese left over will linger on for two or three days, and it will probably be sold from 3s. to 4s, per cwt. under the above prices. There was the most miserable show of horses ever seen at this fair; if any good ones had been brought, they would have found purchasers, but there were absolutely none. In the pleasure fair we had a great novelty ; the Dissenters of all denominations turned out their pastors, and in various stations the reverend gentle men were holding forth to numerous auditories. Notwithstanding this work of supererogation, Womb well's lions, the horsemanship, tumblers, Punch, &c. had all a full share of the public patronage. NAVIGATION OF THE BAY OF FUNDY. ST. JOHN'S, NEW BRUNSWICK, AUG. 14. Sir,—The Chamber of Commerce of this place beg leave to transmit to you the following communi cation for the information of Lloyd's : The Gannet Rock, 40 feet high, having many sunken rocks and ledges around it, standing at a distance of three and a half miles S.S.W. of the Sea Islands, Bay of Fundy, was several years ago recom mended by Mr. Lockwood as a good situation for a light-house. Since that time a chart or charts have been pub lished, which, owing to some mistake, represent this rock as having a light upon it; the Chamber understand that even the Admiralty sailing instruc tions for the Bay of Fundy state " a light-house is now erected on it, which is to exhibit a revolving light." As no light-house has as yet been built on the rock, nor a light of any description exhibited upon it, and as a misapprehension on this point might lead to serious consequences, the Chamber have deemed it to be their duty to take the earliest oppor tunity of endeavouring to prevent such a thing, by making you acquainted with the circumstances of the case. There is a prebability that in the course of next year some steps may be taken for the erection of a light-house at or near this spot; which, when finished and the light put in operation, due notice thereof will of course be given. I have the nonour to be, Sir, your obedient humble servant, (Signed) L. DONALDSON, Chairman. To John Bennett, Esq., Secretary, Lloyd's. On Saturday we had the happiness of giving an authentic contradiction to the statements which had diffused a painful anxiety through all classes of his MA JESTY'S subjects, relating to the state of his MAJESTY'S vision. A respectable Evening contemporary took upon himself to instruct us that our authority was a bad one. By this time, we doubt not, our contemporary will have participated in the common joy at finding that his own statements, wherever obtained, were purely fictitious.— Morning Paper. [We repeat, that there is not one word of truth in the contradiction given to our statements. We are quite sure that our contemporary believes what he is told, but we say again that he has bees grossly deceived. Our statement was both authentic and official.]— Globe. It is said that both his MAI ESTY'S eyes are affected. THAMES TUNNEL.—The intention is to proceed with the Tunnel next spring, when application is to be made to Parliament for assistance. Many visitors have lately taken a peep at this extraordinary undertaking. The extreme north end of the Tunnel is at present secured by a strong wall. When the works are continued the wall must come down. Against this wall they have placed large mirrors which reflect the gas lights, and form in perspective the intended length of the Tunnel. At present the excavation extends to the centre of the River, and the visitors find it warm, dry, and gravelled. The right archway at the bottom of the shaft is not open. FREE TRADE.—The Consuls-General of the wine-growing departments of France have in several in stances resolved to petition the Government for a system of Customs which will admit a reciprocal exchange of their products with those of other countries. A letter from Mol, in North Brabant, says, that on the 9th of last month an aged man went to church with his octogenarian wife; they heard mass and returned together home. On the 10th they were put to bed through illness; on the 12th they received at the same time the last sacraments ; on the 15th they both dieJ at eleven o'clock in the evening, with an interval of less than two minutes between; and, on the 17th, their bodies were carried together to the church, and afterwards to .. the burial•-ground. Economy is the order of the day: The Finance Department of France has undergone a thorough supervision, and many clerks have retired on pensions. THE FORTY-SECOND H IGIIL ANDERS.-- The tot a l numb er o f men t h at b e l onge d to t hi s ga ll an t re giment, from 1797 t o 1816, was 13 , 127. i n ]617, there, were only three men li v i ng i n the corps t h at f oug h t aga i ns t BUONAPARTE in Egypt. A woman, a native of the Alps, who at the age of 115 years enjoy s th e use o f h er corporea l an d intel lectual faculties, arrived a few days ago at Toulouse, where s he is the object of general curiosity.... Ouliynani'd Mess CARRON IRON WORKS. It is gratifying to be able to state that the ex tensive iron works at Carron are feeling none of the general depression which at present pervades the manufacturing districts. Upwards of five months ago they received an order for field pieces, and, though they have since been making at the rate of nearly twenty a week, the requisite number is not nearly completed. Terrible as these " mortal engines" are, those the Carron Company are at present finishing seem intended to be doubly destructive. Some idea may he formed of their size from the simple fact, that when completely ready for use they weigh each fully three tons. A number of howitzers are also in preparation, and, instead of the usual length, from three to four feet, they run from eight to nine, and are intended to throw shells far beyond the usual distance. Some time since am English foundery received an order for ord-• nance of the same description ; a few of the first made were tested in the usual way by a foreign engineer, and it is said that he was not satisfied, -and transferred the order to tl e Carroll Com pany. At any rate, an engineer, accompanied by an interpreter, lately visited Carron, for the purpose of examining these guns. After the usual tests, they were tried by one quite new to the workmen, and the scientific gentleman de clared he was highly satisfied, and ordered the work to be completed with all possible despatch. The demand for loom goods is still on the in crease. The Company have now four blast furnaces going, making pig-iron from the raw material, and four cupulos in full activity, arid the goods ready finished for the market run on average ah about 300 tons a-week. The Com pany " grow" their own workers, as an exten sive manufacturer has it, and hence their hands are completely masters of their several depart ments. They pay no attention to the fluctua tions of the markets and the currency ; hard as the times arc, they have never mentioned a re duction of the wages,—they have more huma nity and sagacity than to attempt to extract the last drop of sweat from the poor workmen, and reduce them to the last ounce of oatmeal ; and, consequently, all who are so fortunate as to be in their employment are comfortable and con tented, and take a conscientious interest in the welfare of the concern. ADRIANOPLE. Adrianople, called by the Turks and Arals Adranah, or Edraneh, is situated on the Ma rizza (anciently the Hebrus), in the government of Romania or Rumelia, about 130 miles north west of Constantinople. In ancient times it was the capital of a people called the Bessi, a Thracian tribe, and bore the name of Uskadama.. That of Adrianople is received from the Empe ror Adrian, who was its second founder. The Turks made themselves masters of this city in 1360; and it continued to be the seat of their empire for nearly a century, that is, until the taking of Constantinople by Mohammed in 1453. Adrianople is a place of considerable magnitude, being nearly nine miles in circumfe rence, and is pleasantly situated, in a fruitful plain, surrounded by gently sloping grounds; but the climate is by no means salubrious. Among the most remarkable edifices are the pa lace of the Sultans, the great repository for fo reign goods, and the mosques, which are nume rous. Of these the mosque of Sultan Selim is by far the most splendid. The city abounds with booths and retail shops, stored with mer chandize of all descriptions ; and, even under the Turks, barbarous as they are, it was the entrepot of a considerable commerce. The I\'larizza, which is navigable to its embouchure near Enos in the Archipelago, promotes materially both foreign and inland trade: and it will now, pro bably, become a channel of communication by small craft between the Russian army under Diebitsch and the Russian fleet in the Mediter ranean. The principal merchants here, as else where in Turkey, are Greeks, Armenians, and Jews ; but the town also inhabited by Walla chians, Turks, and a variety of other races. The most important branch of commerce consists in the wine and fruit raised in the adjacent country. Adrianople has all along been a favourite retreat of the Sultans, who resorted. to it for different reasons ; at one time for pleasure, at another to avoid the plague, and occasionally as a refuge from a political commotion in the capital. But the tide of war has now rolled the victorious Muscovites to this long cherished abode of oriental ease, luxury, and magnificence ; and at the moment when we write, the Cossacks of the Don and the Wolga, or some barbarians from the Caucasus, the Caspian, or the White Sea, are probably established in the Eski-Serai of Mahmoud, and staring in idiot wonder at the splendour which that favourite residence displays. The idol of iron and clay is fast falling to pieces. TRUE BELIEVERS AT MEKKA. The well Zemzem is supposed to be the spring found in the NNilderness by Hagar, at the moment when her infant son Ismayl was dying of thirst. The water is regarded as an infallible cure for all diseases; and the devotees believe that the more they drink of it the better their health will be, and the prayers the more acceptable to the Deity. A man who lived in the same house with me, and who was ill of an intermittent fever, repaired every evening to the Zemzem, and drank of the water until he was almost fainting ; after which he lay for several hours extended on his back on the pavement near the Kaaba, and then returned to renew his drink. When by this practice he was brought to the verge of death, he declared himself fully convinced the increase of his illness proceeded wholly from his being unable to swal low a sufficient quantity of water ! I witnessed the enthusiasm of a Darfour pilgrim, who arrived at Mekka on the last night of the Ramadhan. After a long journey across barren and solitary deserts—on his entry into the illuminated Temple (which can contain 35,000 pilgrims in the act of prayer) he was so much struck with its appearance, and overawed by the black Kaaba, that he fell prostrate close to the place where I was sitting, and remained long in that posture of adoration. He then rose, burst into a flood of tears, and in the height of his emotion, in stead of reciting the usual prayers of the visitor, only exclaimed, " 0 God ! now take: my soul, for this is Paradise !"—Burk/farca's Travels in Ara(ia, The two side arches of the triumphal arch to the King's new Palace in St. James's Park are completed; the spandrils of these'arches are sculptured with figures of Fame, those on the side of the arch fronting the Park, ex ecuted by WESTMA COTT, those on the reverse side by BAYLY. The shafts of the columns on both sides of the arch are each of them of an entire block of marble. A most disgraceful scene took place at Stam ford on Friday last ; a fellow sold his wife for two shillings net aqd two shillings dry, and delivered her to the pur chaser in a halter on the Marker Hill; after which the trio retired to a public-house to quaff the heavy ;vet . 4395(914 Q gz e4e, CIVIL WAR AMONG THE RADICALS COBBETT'S PORTRAIT BY HUNT. At a meeting of the Radical Reform Society held on Monday evening, Mr. HUNT, on taking the chair, alluded to the se eesicas of Mr. Cobbett from the society, on the ground of some expressions used by Mr. French, which, as Mr. Cobbett alleged, would, in past times, have placed every man who heard them tittered in danger of a prosecution. He (Mr. Hunt) having been in the chair on the former occasion, had die ! rinetly heard, and he now pet fectly remembered, what Mr. French had said. He would agree that the expres::ions he had used in reference to a Mem ber of the Royal Family might have been in bad taste ; but, used as they were, in such a loose way, and on such an occasion, in the heat of debate, they ought not to have been noticed, and, in fact, were not noticed by any portion of the public press, ex rept by Mr. Cobbett himself. Mr. Cobbett also charged Mr. French with baring said that he wished for universal confusion,and that he was a republican. (From a person in the crowd, " So he did say.") He (Mr. Hunt) had no hesitation in declaring that Mr. French never made use of such an expression. (A voice, " Then Cobbett is a liar.") Another complaint was, that Mr. French bad said that there were no such bloodsuckers in America as the Duke of Wellington. He admitted that Mr. French did use these words; but be was interrupted before he was allowed to explain. The term was ordinarily applied to those who drew large resources from the pockets of the people. Perhaps it was neither de licate nor just ;—but who would ever have thought of hearing William Cobbett complain of it on that account ? A hundred and a thousand times had Cobbett himself made use of phrase in the same sense. Mr. Cobbett said he would no longer be a member of the society. This was rather extraordi nary, and the meeting world be surprised when he informed them that Mr. Cobbett never had been a member, for there was one ce remony necessary as a qualification,—namely, the paying down of a certain subscription, which he had forgotten ever to do, although he did not forget to receive the half-guinea every time that the Society advertised its meetings in his Register, and by these adverti , ements he cleared more than he (Mr. Hunt) had gained by the whole course of his political con duct. Mr. Cobbett made two stipulations as the conditions of his becoming a member—the first, that none but members should be permitted to ad dress the meetings; the other, which was a sine qua non, that Mr. Gale Jones should never be ad mitted a member. However, if Mr. Gale Jones were to be regularly proposed and seconded and elected by the Society, no one would have the power to refuse him admittance. It was easy to perceive when Mr. Cobbett entered the door on the former night, that he never meant to attend one of their meetings again ; and now lie turned round and urged the Government to prosecute the members present, and him (Mr. Hunt) particu larly, as he was most liable, from his having been in the chair. At all events, he very plainly told the Government that if they did prosecute, he would be a witness that the words had been used. They had had a long lecture on republicanism from Mr. Cobbett. This might be very well from a man who had never spoken or written in favour of what he now condemned. But he (Mr. Hunt) had taken the trouble to look back a little to what Mr. Cobbett had previously said of the state of Pennsylvania.— Within une short month, in his Emigrant's Guide, he had recommended emigrants to go to the United States, and to take themselves entirely away from the British Government. And why ?—" Because," as he said in a letter to a friend in Long Island, dated the 25th of May, 1829, "in Pennsylvania there were no -- borough-mongers—(he was so very squeamish in his expressions)—there were no excisemen—no paupers--no parson-justices—no tithes —no dead weight, female as well as male—no dog tax, HO house-tax, no window-tax, no gig -tax, no tax on servants, no public debt, no town of Burnley, in Lancashire, where 2,000, out of a population of 6,000, were living on one-fourth part .of the earnings of an American labourer." After some further comments, the paper from which Mr. Hunt read concluded :—" Ever blessed be the Ame ricans, for they have established a government which makes tyranny blush." But the Reformers need not be cautioned against petitioning for a Republic, for they bad never thought of doing so. The radi cal reformers should not now go upon their knees and beg Mr. Cobbett to come back. No man had a higher estimation of his talents than he (Mr. Hunt) had ; but if he were to turn tail upon the reformers, God be praised that he bad done it so early. He would mention one fact with respect to Mr. Cobbett :—He (Mr. Hunt) had given him some ground in Wiltshire, to make him a freeholder in the county, and he promised to meet him at the inn at eleven o'clock at night, to draw up some re solutions preparatory to the election. After wait ing in vain for him for some time, a friend went to look after him, and returned, saying, " They give me the Courier, and do you know what's in it ? That Cobbett is at Liverpool, on his way to Ame rica. I pulled a 501. note out of my pocket, and offered to bet that that was not the case, and that he would be here in half an hour." Mr. Hunt then said to his friend, " I hope nobody took you up ;" for it was a fact, and he would have lost his money. So, if the reformers pinned their faith to Mr. Cob bett's sleeve now, they might some day hear of his being again at Liverpool, on his road to America, since such was the treatment that he (Mr. Hunt) had received from him, although lie had behaved to him as a bosom friend, and had actually devoted one year of his life to attending upon him while he was in Newgate. The object of the radical reformers was to obtain their rights and liberties, and he hoped the cause was good enough to stand, even if Cob bett, and he, and others were to abandon it for ever; but he would stick to the ship, and the society would not catch him, iin.the midst of danger, run ning away. Yesterday a Court of Directors was held at the East India-house, when the following ships were thus timed, viz. :—Thomas Coutts, Captain ALEXANDER CHRYSTIE, and Duchess of Athol, Captain BPIVAIP. APDANIELL, for Bombay and China; .0-aniret, Captain J. P. WILSON, and William Fgirlie, Captain THOMAS BLAIR, for Bengal and China; to be afloat 18th Nov., 1829, sail to Gravesend 9th December, stay there 21 days, and be in the Downs sth January, 1830. Abercrombie Robinson, Captain JOHN INNES, for Bombay and China; Macqueen, Captain ROBERT LINDSAY, for Bengal and China; and Orwell, Captain It. M. ISACE, for St. Helena, Bombay, and China ; to bc afloat 3d December, sail to Gravesend 21th December, stay there 21 days, and be in the Downs 20th January. Reliance, Capt. CHARDEk S. TimiNs, and General Harris, Captain Josuti. STAN TON, for Bengal and China ; to be afloat 18th December, sail to Gravesend Bth January, stay there 21 days, and be in the Downs 4th February. Marquis Camden, THOMAS LARKINS, fur St. liana and China, with liberty to go through the Straits of M4lacca; lardLowther, Captain CHARLES STEwAnp, and Berwickshire, Captain FREDERICK MApAN, for Bombay and China ; to be afloat 4th January, sail to Gravesend 25th January, stay there 21 days, and be in the Downs 22d February. Castle Huntlg, Captain H. A. DRUMMOND, and London, Capt. TIMOTHY SMITH, for Madras and China; to be afloat 1. / , o tli . days, and be in the Downs Bth .4dinburgh, January, sail to Gravesend Bth F e b ruary , k t 4y Capt. HENRY BAX, -PCH%4/'Scoit, Captain D. J. WARD, Get p ?ge the Fourth, Captain T. W. BARROW, Earl of Balcarras, Captain B. BROUGHTON, and Canning, C 3 .11. PHILIP BAYLIS, for Chi na di rect ; to b e float qd Mardi, sail to Gravesend 21th March, stay tlicr i ,- 21 Jays, and be in the Downs 21st April, 1931 . „ and CABOU.AT, who murdered digit father-in-law, were e;ecutcd on tl , .e 14th inst;',:lt, at in France.—Frcnch Pajier. If the lively young Irishman who, under the I ntljt t l-w.e of 4 too suscept ibl e di dpos i t i on, litely eloped froi,n 4 . stre e t wi . tli the moth, r of ten children, will; be g o o d. enough to return the husband's watch and seals, which, in the hurry of the momopt, he put into the wrong fob, 11e will be handsomely rewarded f,r his pains, and DO quA, tions asked respecting the morq which he bertowed w elope iyith.. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Some of our contemporaries have amused themselves with reporting, and remarking on, certain occurrences which seem to have taken place at or after a dinner lately given at Whitby to a gentleman of the name of Sadler. This Mr. Sadler we believe to be the same who got into the House of Commons in the course of last session, for the purpose of making a speech against the Papists and the Ministers, which discourse gave much satisfaction to the friends of the Duke of Wellington and of religious liberty, and sensibly promoted the cause of Ca tholic relief. Mr. Sadler so well succeeded in Parliament as to have obtained the reputation of diligently collecting and uttering fearlessly those " ideas" by which the Duke of Newcastle in formed the House of Lords, that his Grace him self " was sure to be abandoned " whenever he rose to instruct their Lordships, but the tem porary dispersion and suppression of which were of so much less importance to the commonwealth, seeing that Mr. Sadler was at hand to recover and prepare them for their predestined use. In deed, the Honourable Gentleman has constituted himself into a warehouse for the raw productions of his Noble Patron's brain, receiving them like cargoes of damaged corn, and grinding them (for delivery) into flour of nonsense. Such as he is, however, this personage—the most ac complished and ingenious of his tribe—has been entertained (better, possibly, than his audience were) at Whitby ; and that we did not notice him before, -in connexion with the entertain ment and with Whitby, it is enough to say that neither Mr. Sadler nor his hosts ap peared to us very likely subjects of public interest, at any intermediate theatre between that part of the world where whales are harpooned, and Whitby, whose merchandize and blubber. Mr. Sadler undertook, in an after-dinner speech, to discuss " the state of the country,"—a familiar and easy topic ! which adventurers of hiS stamp usually contrive to flounder through .by the various employment of two fundamental frauds, —viz , the recommendation of things which are not remedies for things which are not evils, and the omission, or rather the studied exclusion, of real evils and of appropriate remedies, as incon sistent with the object of inflaming the vulgar of all classes, and appealing to inveterate preju dice on behalf of the grossest rapacity and corrup tion. Mr. Sadler began as a hater of religious liberty. He goes on as a hater of what he calls free trade, and he dares to invoke the great bulk of the population of England, as sufferers from the breaking up of that hideous system which for ages monopolized the rights both of conscience and of commerce. Mr. Sadler, by a magnificent anti-climax, brings the names of Bacon, Locke, and Addison ! to up hold his notion of that which forms the general characteristic of the constitution,—that it was, not struck out at once, but by the wisdom of successive generations. The meaning, nev e ith e _ less, of this resort to names, H it has any mean ing but of that species which " puzzles more than wit," is, to prove that commercial mono poly was part and parcel of the constitution of England,—that the wisdom which commenced with Bacon, was by Locke improved, and con summated in Addison : ergo, that not a bottle of brandy, a pound of wool, a yard of silk, or, above all earthly things, a bushel of wheat, is ever at any future age, or under any change of circumstances, to find admission from foreign count, ies into this a pretty use of the sacred authority of Bacon But the mis-statements of fact, as well as theor) , , by this dealer in mere words, are perfectly ludi crous from their extravagance. Thore arc tens, of millions of acres in the country " wholly un.. cultivated ; and millions of them amour: tho richest soils in the world." I s t hi s true: !a not its fallacy quite . frightful ? And why is it alleged by Mr. Sadler ? Why, but to make time landed interest an object of compassion, to per, suade his hearers, (what blockheads he must faoev them I) that it would be good for the half starved poor to double, by a return to the old positive prohibition of imported corn, the price to whirl bread has been already most iniquite k o:ly raised, by a cruel tax on the import ; anti that to secure higher rents to the patron of the bo rous9h of Newark, would be a step towards our national prosperity. We have again dished. up to us the cold grievance of the silk manufacture, which is known to have trebled in magnitude since the change of a prohibitory for a protect ing duty. The shipping interest, in the face of the giant evidence of Mr, Huskisson's great speech, Mr. Sadler is not ashamed to have re course to as another instance of the evils of free trade. He speaks of the low wages of some of die Lancashire weavers ; how can it be possible, then, for such wages as the rivalry of foreign markets impose upon the British manufacturer the necessity of offering to his workmen—how, invec tives e t sh the againstcrie of this or gscshotlinit,;.: we say, is it possible for such wages to support s a poor family, at the price to o b f re t a n d e by the existing corn duties' ? But ti : i ouchsafes to inform a measure of policy, be amended. Does he sits down with an apo abree d 0 0 0r i t h l a i i no p— thii N ig ( , ) ; us bow that So o gy mfourchhavfionlF aal,riesadsyp:infailtligg-ujeend;hiosfaaudintoobrslel " boroughmonger's" brains.—Tines. This cessati on o f h ost ili t i es between the militaryne important st event % R sii, odi I t :I s : s ole : ( a ft tiAti;sa has occurred r n aoi c ac l ptcl t rou l e t prl e ril Turks,.4le, is tyh by th e eli to opensf Most e treaty te' c o o f mm peace, ele i m t the war. Though it cannot i n itself be con the way for negotiations, which, from the temper of both parties, are confidently expected to end in the accomplishment of so e desirabl , an object. The sultan, humbled to the dust by the unex pected disasters of the campaign, and alarm e , ',• et, for • an explosion of popular fury at the ins.• Arration of his old enemies, the Janissaries, Ii submit ted himself to the direction of tl• Allied Am bassadors, who are thus res- efor the rea sonable character of tht telins to be proposed; and the Emperor (lc Russia, on the other hand, having constantly during the war disclaimed am, bitioua le.signs or views of territorial „, , aegranaize , rikent, and repeatedly proposed to renew nego ciations for peace on the conditions which he offered as the 411einative to arms before he began the conteai, is not likely now to take advantage of his career of conquest to break his solemn r pledges and to barter his character for good faith, magnanimity,moderation, and for t he daneerous fruits of rapacity or injustice. The r4, , acry consent of General Diebitech to stop in ' his Victorious career till an - appeal should be made to Lis imperial master, whose moderation b may be supposed at once to represent and to share, may be taken as a favourable omen of the decisions of St. Petersb tiro 1. The Turkish Pleidoentiaries, who repaired to Adrianople to solicit the armistice, are said to have returned, satisfied with the treatment w u ). ch they exp enced, and the professions which they heard,