The Sun. — London, England, 1829-12-25 00:00:00

„ • Annuities issuing out of some of the estates, who had equitable claims on the consideration of the Crown, in r . espect of services formerly rendered to it. _ As soon as we had informed ourselves of these circumstances, %se laid before the Lords of the Treasury schedules of the estates so held over ; and in the Report tranzmitting them, we recommended that we should be autho rized to require the several parties who had en joyed, the mesne profits of the premises since the determination of the leases, to render an ac count of them, or to compound for the same• at such rate as should appear to be fair and rea sonable ; and, that we should be further autho rised to take the necessary measures for the sale of those estates, either by private contract with the several parties in possession of them, or by sealed tender or by public auction, as might be found most advisable ; and with regard to the interests of persons who might appear to be en tided to some equitable claim on any of the estates to be brought to sale, we proposed to submit to their Lordships' decision what compensation should be made to them, as soon as we could ascertain the grounds of the respective claims, and previously to the disposal of the property. We have inserted in our Report to the Treasury on this subject, and the schedules accompanying it ; together with the Treasury letter in answer to it, dated 4th of March, 1828, authorising us to proceed as we had suggested. We have accordingly since investigated the claims affecting two considerable estates, respec tively situated in the county of Westmeath and King's County, and obtained the authority of the Treasury to pay to the parties whose claims appeared well founded, a reasonable and ade quate compensation for the discontinuance of certain annuities, which had been allowed to them and their predecessors out of the rents re served in the leases, as rewards for services ren dered to the Crown in the early part of the last century, by the discovery of its title to the estates in question, which had, until that period, been concealed from the Crown officers. We have also opened communications with the several persons who had received the mesne profits of the estates which are overheld, for the purpose of effecting a reasonable composition for the amount remaining due to the Crown ; and although some of the parties have mani fested an indisposition to agree to the favourable terms on which we have proposed to enter into such compositions, we hope that on further consideration they will perceive the advantage afforded to them by our proposals, and relieve us from the alternative of resorting to proceed ings at law, to compel them to render a full ac count and payment of the rents and profits ac crued to the Crown since their leasehold inte rest in the property terminated. We have likewise been engaged in treaties with persons whom we found in the possession of these Crown estates, for the sale of them by private contract, considering it to be desirable, on public grounds, not to disturb the existing relations between the immediate occupants of the property, and those persons, if they should be willing to purchase on reasonable terms ; and we hope that many of them will avail them selves of the pre-etnption so offered to them, as some already have, on tcrins which have re ceived the sanction of the Lords of the Treasury. The only sale of property, however, so cir cumstanced, which has yet been completed by our execution of the conveyance, is that of an estate in Navan, in the county of Meath, stated in the annexed Schedule (Appendix, No. 19.) to have been mace to the .0.1 or Essex ; and in that case it will be seen that, besides the sum of 4,640/., the value of the fee-simple of the property, as estimated by an experienced sur veyor on oath, the late lessees paid to the Crown the sum of 4,381/. 12s. 10d. by way of com position for the mesne profits accrued since the expiration of the last lease in 1815, in ad dition to the old reserved yearly rent, which they had continued to pay from that period. The title of the Crown to the two other estates descried in the Schedule of Sales (Appendix, No. 19), accrued to it in the Rebellion of 1688, by the forfeiture in each case of a reversion in fee, expectant on the determination of certain estates tail in the property, previously created by private settlements, and then vested in per sons who were entitled to the immediate inhe ritance, subject to the limitations of those set tlements. On reference to the said Schedule, it will ap• pear that in one these cases (Jigginstown, &e. Connty Westmeath) the estate tail had not de termined at the time of sale ; but that in the other case (Knocknebarnboy, &c. County Ros common), the property had actually become vested in the Crown, in right of the forfeited reversion. In this instance, the discovery of the determination of the estates-tail, and consequent title of the Crown to the possession of the pro perty, was promptly communicated to Govern ment by a memorial of the surviving sister of the last tenant in tail, who at the same time sig nified her desire to treat for the purchase of the estate, which had long been possessed by her family. About six months afterwards, another member of the family, who had formerly been in the possession of the estate, presented a memo rial to the Treasury, alleging that the frown's title to had been 'disclosed by the preceding memorialist, solely for the purpose of defeating some claims he had on it; and therefore praying that he might be allowed the pre-emption of it, and any benefit intended to be vented as a re ward for the discovery. Upon further inquiry into the matter, it appeared that the memori alists had been fully aware that the property would revert to the Crown on the death of the last owner of it; and as it is of importance that persons, who withhold possession of estates which have reverted to the Crown by the deter mination of particular estates of inheritance of uncertain duraiion, should understand what advantages are granted by the Crown to the first discoverers of its title to them, and the Logs of which, experience has proved, they are almost certain to incur by a deferred communication ; we have inserted in our reports to the Treasury, and other proceedings, on these memorials, in which the particulars of the property, and the allowances made to the first-mentioned memori alist, as the reward for her discovery, are fully stated. We have likewise thought it proper to insert in our Report to the Treasury, and other pro ceedings, relating to the sale of the Crown's rever sionary interest in the lands of Jigginstown and Rickardstown, County Westmeath, which was finally perfected on the 17th July last (1828), as shewn in the schedule of sales; and also our reports on the several memorials of John Wakely, Esq., the Earl of Milltown, and other persons, preliminary to the sale, to Mr. Wakely, iof the reversion of certain lands, parcel of an estate in the King's County, granted by Queen Llizebeth t 9 one of his Ancestors 1n fee-ta4. Those Rep)rts fully explain the course of pia ceeding observed by .us on the application of parties in possession of estates held in fee-tail, the reversion whereof is vested in the Crown, who may desire to acquire such reversion in order to convert their limited tenures into estates in fee-simple. From the inquiries made by us, we have ascer tained that there are numerous estates, and some of them of very considerable extent and great value, particularly in Ireland, in which the Crown is entitled to some in remainder or re version, and which embrace almost every des cription of estate-tail, originating either in grants from the Crown, where the reversion has always re mained in the Crown, or in settlements or other in struments made by private individuals, where the Crown has become entitled by forfeiture, the ' parties in whom the remainders and reversions were vested having been attainted of high treason, and the King's title having been found by inqui.- sition : and they also comprise almost every description of property, namely, honours, manors, franchises, advowsons, lands, tithes, tenements, rents, &c., as well as pensions and annuities charged on and payable out of the hereditary Revenue of the Crown. We have been authoritatively informed that, in all cases of real estate in England, where there is any reversion or remainder vested in the Crown arising out of an original grant from the Crown, as a recompense for services, or from an act of Parliament, the estate-tail cannot be barred ; but that where the remainder or rever sion is so vested by any other means, then the estate-tail may be barred, as far as the issue in tail or intermediate remainders may be concerned ; but the interest of the Crown, wherever it ac crues in possession, will not be barred either by fine or recovery. And with respect to real estates in Ireland (where no Statute is in force to the same effect as those wilich govern com mon recoveries in England), it is presumed that the common law rule will prevail in that country, by which all interests may be effected or dis charged, except that of the Crown. _ . The reversionary interests of the Crown being thus indefeasable in both countries, and in some cases in England restraining the alienation of the property by the tenants in tail, it is obvious that the acquisition of the reversion must frequently be an object of the highest importance to per sons in possession of such estates, to enable them to dispose of them at their full value, and which can alone be effected when they can assure the purchaser a perfect title in fee-simple. Upon mature consideration of the subject, and of the general policy of the law in respect to entailed estates, we 'have endeavoured to establish such regulations for the proceedings in this Depart ment, in cases of the description alluded to, as might be productive of beneficial accommodation to parties so circumstanced, without involving any eventual loss of revenue to the Crown. And when it shall become more generally known that the Crown's reversionary interests, in estates held under limitation of the inheritance, may be purchased on the moderate and advantageous terms mentioned in the Report to which we have referred, we hope to find that many of the pro prietors will avail themselves of the means of securing the titles from the contingencies now affecting them, while they can acquire the Crown's interest in the property of the lowest rate of pur chase, we have felt ourselves justified in propos ing to accept, with due regard to the public interests intrusted to our charge. .. GENERATION of STEAM in COKE OVENS, We understand that the gentlemen at the head of several branches of the public ser vice, such as the Victualling and the Navy Boards, in which steam-engines are employed for any purpose, have it in contemplation to work them by the method of generating steam, invented some time ago by Mr. Surry, of Battersea. Some of these gentlemen visited Mr. Surry's premises on Saturday, and after seeing his method carried into practice, which it has there been for some time, expressed themselves satisfied that to adopt it in his Majesty's service would cause a considerable saving of expence. Mr. Surry's invention consists principally in substituting a coke oven for the ordi nary fire employed to heat the boiler of a steam engine. The steam is generated in pipes, which are carried along on the upper part of each side of the interior of the oven. The pipes are supplied with water in the ordinary way, and the steam, as it is generated, rises up through the descending water : or rather, we suppose continually imparts its caloric to a portion of the water with which it comes in contact, converting it into steam, somewhat similar to the manner in which what is called con temial distillation is now conducted in some parts of France. At the lower end of the pipes, where they terminate in the front of the oven, they are pro vided with stop cocks, by which the steam will always force out any sediment, and keep the pipes clear with- out any trouble. By this contrivance the inventor pro duces nearly as much steam as if he burnt all the coals he converts into coke for no other purpose than to heat a boiler, and thus he saves a sum equal to ail the coke he obtains. His method also allows the steam to be generated at a distance from the engine, which, in some cases, is desirable, but we apprehend it would take up a somewhat larger space ,than a common furnace and boiler. Mr. Surry took out a patent for this invention some time ago, and is now,.we'believe, about to form a company to bring it into practice in the different parts of the kingdom. Wherever it is desirable to obtain eoke, as in iron founderies, and wherever coal is expressly burnt to obtain coke—wherever, in short, Coke is marketable, audit is to a very great extent in London, this m e thod of generating steam will be _advan tageous. the metropolis, indeed, it , would be a great benefit if coke were generally employed in stead of coal in all our fire-places. It would prevent, in a great measure, t hose dense clouds of smoke which now continually, during the day, envelopes Lon don, destroying our houses, our furniture, and our persons, disfiguring our buildings, and so vitiating the atmosphere that it is noxious to vegetable and animal life, On the propriety of a total or partial repeal of the Malt and Beer Duties, we think there can only be one opinism among persons desirous to see legislative enact ment increase the gornforts of the working classes. The only question is, what tax will be substituted for it, see- Lag that England still requires taxes pf no ordinary amount, to keep pace with the expenditure of Govern ment. No article, we believe, that is essentially necessary to the bodily support of those who live " by the sweat of their brow," bears so high a price at the present moment as beer. The depression of trade and scarcity of money have, as a natural consequence, reduced the value of butchers' meat to something like a level with the circum- I I stances of the people, and bread, notwithstanding the un favourable harvests we have had, does not advance; but malt liquor, from the oppressive duties on it, still sup ports a price which its chief consumers are unable to meet without impoverishment. The victualler would, with equal cheerfulness, draw a quart of beer at three.- pence, as at the high price of sixpence, if Government put him in a situation so to do ; and we should be glad to ye some measure devised to effect this salutary improve ment, if it, can be done without " robbing PETER to pay PAUL"--in other words, without fixing an impost on the public that would bear harder upon them than what they , now endure..... reter Al/rd. COMMISSION OF LUNACY. (Continued from oar Paper of yesterday.) Dr. Mackinnon examined by Mr. BRODERICK.-4 am a relative of Mr. Davies's by marriage; I have known him for nine years, and know his habits and manners ; he was always a very nervous, irritable person, ready to take offence on small occasions; he very often attempted to joke, and used quotations very frequently; I always considered him a whim sical eccentric person ; as to his conduct he was perfectly harmless, and I always thought him strictly honourable in his feelings; I always found him very attentive to his business, and in his pecuniary habits; I have seen Mr. Davies seven times at the Retreat ; I did not see him at Crouch-hill ; I was it' town at that time, and Mrs. Bywater knew it; she never requested me to go and see him ; the first time I saw him at the Retreat was on the 19th of September; the next interview was on the 22d; the first time I was with him about two hours, and the second time about the same; the third interview was about three or four days afterwards ; I was never less than au hour and a•half with him ; the last time of my seeing him at the Retreat was last Satur day fortnight, and the one previous to that was on the 16th of October; I have seen him since this in quiry was commeneed in this house; there was always an imperfection in his utterance, amounting not quite to a stutter, but something near it, so that he would open his mouth,and stare at one for forsome moments before he was able to throw out his words; his mode of speaking lately has been very much the same as be fore; when I saw him at the Retreat, I talked a great deal with him ; he expressed indignation at being deprived of his liberty; supposing him to be unjustly imprisoned, he spoke to me in a rational manner; some of the subjects related to family mat ters, in which we were mutually interested ; on these occasions he expressed himself perfectly cohe rently; I would beg to observe that he took a very long time on every subject, but finally came to a rational conclusion ; I cannot say that I observed much difference between his conduct and converse- tion on those occasions, and what he had evinced previously; I conversed with him on the subject of delusions; the 19th of September I had a brief conversation with him on the subject; on my ar rival at the Retreat, I inquired for Mr. Pollard, who chewed me into Mr. Davies; the moment he saw me he burst into a flood of tears, and said " Thank God ;" this was my first interview with him at the Retreat; I did not see any thing unnatural in that; he said you are come at last, why did you not come sooner ? I said I was nst requested to come ; he then said, " Have you seen my mother ?" I answered yes. I saw him last night ; then he held up his hands in the same way that he did when I came into the room, and said she is a base villain; I said I never thought so, and I don't believe it now; then he laid hold of me by the arm very firmly, and asked if I could stay with him for three hours ? My answer was, that I could not that day, but that I would give him three hours, or twenty hours, if it was necessary. I then said, what is the meaning of your unnatural hostility to your mother ? Can you, he said, finding me in this house, ask me such a question ? I said you must have played the Edward; then he said, two or three times that un less I could stay two hours he should not have time to communicate all he had to say; I said I was much surprised at any misunderstanding, for I had always understood that they had agreed extremely well ; he said that they had done so till twelve months before he was deprived of his liberty; his mother then assumed an authority which he was not willing to concede; he said that she was not behaving generally to his satisfaction; he then said that she made a slave of herself in the shop; she sold tea in smaller quantities than he thought consistent with the respectability of his concerti, and that she sold it to persons whom lie did not particularly respect; I asked him who those were, and he mentioned names, but I do not remember them ; he said she was turning off his best servants without hisknowledge or authority ;- he said that she wished him to give her power •to draw money .from the bankers during his absence, and was urging him very much to make her a pait net in the business; all which he said lie refused to comply with. That part of the subject then dropped; that day I thought, as I found him so collected, I would riot say more upon the subject of his con finement ; we then conversed about some relations living at a distance; I had just then returned from the Continent, and lie asked me several questions about my journey perfectly rational; as soon as his agitation subsided, which agitation was a common occurrence when he had any thing in his mind, I could perceive no difference in his inanner; about a mouth after that, I made a report to the Chan cellor; I had then seen him altogether six times at the Retreat, before I made that report; at those intervals I had discussed various subjects with him, and had gone into the different supposed delusions, of which he gave me satisfactory explanations. My conclusion from those six interviews was that he was of sound mind, and capable of managing his affairs—l had another interview with him on the sth December; I ant not quire prepared to state what passed there, as Mr. Anthony White was asking him questions at the same time. I was, however, confirmed in the opinion that I had pre viously formed. On the 16th October I saw slr. Davies in company with Dr. Spurgen. My opinion is that Mr. Davies has always been of sound mind, and capable of managing his affairs. I should think that it would help a medical man considerably in forming a correct judgment to have known the sub ject of inquiry previously. On his cross-examination, Dr. Mackinnon said he had not been able to detect any delusion in Mr. Davies's mind, and delivered it as his deliberate judgment that Mr. Davies was of sound mind. William Lowe, examined by Mr. ADOLPHUS—I have known Edward Davies sixteen years, and have been at school with him at Westberry, in Suffolk, for two or three years. He was then particularly shy, and scarcely ever mixed with the other boys in play. He left school before me, and I next saw him in Montgomery, where I resided, and he called on me several times in the course of four or five years. I afterwards saw him at Philpot-lar:e, where he was established in the business. This was in August, 1825. I went into his employment in the October following, as clerk. Since I became his chief clerk he has had great confidence in me. He was living with his mother. He appeared to be particularly skilful in purchasing and mixing teas, and was very successful, and employed about four teen clerks, shopmen, and porters. They all consi dered him their master. They all eat in the house. The weekly returns of the trade varied very much. I have known it as high as 3,0001. a week, and about 1,5001. or 1,6001. at the lowest. The business greatly depends on judgment in tea, and Mr. Davies was generally considered a superior judge, There are four general sales in the year; each sale was a period of great anxiety to Mr. Davies. Mr. Davies purchased the house at Crouch-end in June last. Mrs. Bywater knew of it. I observed irritation in Mr. Davies's temper about that time, which I attribute to several differences between Mr. Davies and his mother and sister. I knew several causes of difference. One was, Mr. Davies did not wish to stand godfather for his sister's child. Mrs, Pugh and Mrs. Bywater wished to have the child christened Edward Davies Pugh. Mr. Davies re fused to stand godfather if the child was christened by that -name. The child was called by another name, and ha stood godfather. Mr. Davies was under the controul of his mother, who refused to let him have the management of the sbop, and the way in which the young men should conduct the business, His mother objected to his going out ; and he thought a quarrel wont(' ensue with his mother if he went out. He scarcely ever had money in his pockets. I have heard his mother ask him sharply where he had been. The till was under Mrs. Bywater's controul. lie wished his mother . not to attend the counter; but told her if she wishe d . e up ber ..to be behind the counte r, she m i g h t ti linger"' not She refused to do so. 1 •She generally behaved kindly to him, in one sense of the word. She would drive him up stairs if he attempted to come behind the counter, at which he would look displeased. She would treat him like a child or, a doll, if I may so express it. He was fond of the theatre and wished to go, hilt was afraid of a quarrel with his mother, un less he went with his sister or some friend. I saw no reason for this restraint. He complained to me of the restraint under which he was kept, and said he would have many alterations. In returning from Astley's theatre, he said it was in vain to rea son with his mother—he might as well attempt to turn a river out of its course. In my opinion that was a true description of his mother. He said be would endeavour to free himself one way or ano ther. Mrs. Bywater's conduct left the manage ment of his own affairs and money in a very limited sense. He said, if she wished to have the business, she should have it, and all that there was in Philpot-lane, and he would take his money and go elsewhere. Otherwise, be would give her a large sum of money—.s,oool., 6,0001., or even 7,0001. He spoke as he always did. He was in the habit of speaking in a high and in a low tone of voice, and used action. He would sometimes close the door to prevent listening when he was going to tell a mere trifle. Mrs. By water was in the habit of listening at the door, and I heard Mr. Davies say, in June, that he knew Miss Davies used to listen before she was married. I found Mrs. Bywater listening often, sometimes on her knees. Once I found her on her bands and knees listening at a door, and tumbled over her. Mr. Davies said repeatedly, they listened at rooms where he was. I went with Mr. Davies to the June tea sale, and had been with him once before. Mr. Davies purchased present tea. There was no thing different in his manner at the June sale from what I had long seen. None of the tea-brokers like to purchase present teas unless they have positive orders, because they run the risk of offending the Directors. As early as March, Mr. Davies said to me, that at the June sale he would put an end to the matter of favour, because they had accused him of purchasing one person's presents and not an other's, and he would bid five shillings for every lot of presents that should be put up. I should think Mr. Davies was judge enough to know the genuine presents from the spurious. It sold generally for twelve shillings a pound in the shop, but the principal use made of it was to mix with other tea. I have been at Crouch-end several times, but never with Mrs. Bywater but once.— She used to go there on Sunday mornings. On the Bth of July, Mrs. Bywater came from Crouchend, and sent me to Mr. Bond's to purchase Mr. Davies a gun. I agreed for a very common one. Mr. Davies soon after purchased a very nice one, and sent it to Crouch-end ; his mother saw it. Mr. Davies and his mother employed Mr. Wilkinson to purchase a horse, in June. He afterwards purchased a horse from Mrs. Ing, about the 31st of July. The first horse was not approved of, and was sent back.— Mrs. Ing is a brewer, and an old friend of Mrs. Bywater; 521. was given for the horse; it was used in harness, and rode also. From June sale, Mr. Duvies's conduct was altered, but he was as sane a man as he is now, or had been for twelve months. He became more hasty in his manner, and more irritable than before. His mother appeared to have alienated her affections a good deal from Mr. Davies and placed them on Mrs. Pugh's child. On the 31st of July, Mr. Davies gave me a cheque for 501. to take to Hankey's bank, for which I was to get so vereigns. He said, perhaps Hankey won't pay it, for I believe my mother has been tampering with him. The money was for house expenses at Crouch end. Four or five days before, his mother told me that he had drawn "a cheque that was not for business, and she had been searching his cheque business, and would put a stop to that. I did not tell Mr. Davies what his mother had said till he made that observation. I then told him, and went to the Bank and got the 501. Mr. Davies was lying bn the sofa reading a book, and was very quiet. When I returned he was much agitated, and told me Dr. Burrows had been there,l and, endeavoured to force himself into his presence, but he had refused to see him. On the 3d of August, Mr. Davies and his mother came from Crouch-end, they entered the house arm-in-arm. He said he was going to make several calls. He conversed with me . a quarter of an hour, and appeared perfectly rational. He went out, and a person, Mr. Hankey, junior, soon after came to the house, and Mrs. Bywater went out with him. After she returned she said Edward had been at Hankey's and behaved like a madman—that he jumped on the counter and threatened to shoot the clerks—that she was obliged to go down on her bare knees to old Hankey, to prevent his sending him to a mad-house—that she was afraid he'd go and sell money out of the funds, and go out of town. On the sth of August Mrs. Bywater sent two shop men to Crouch-end with a message to Mr. Davies. On their return they told her that Mr. Davies was as well as usual. She seemed very angry at it, and asked how they could say so! I saw Mr. Davies on the 6th of August at Crouch-end, where I re mained four or five hours. I saw Dr. Burrowes's keepers in the drawing-room. Mr. Davies was en gaged part of the time with four medical gentle. men. On the 6th and 7th of August I had a con versation with Mr. Gibbs. He said if he had the business, I should be sure of my situation. He said Mr. Davies had promised him the business, and Mrs. Bywater had confirmed that promise. He in quired of me the receipts of the business, and said Mrs. Bywater said to him that he must give a year's profits for the good-will of the business. Mrs. By water, while Mr. Davies was at Crouch-end, under restraint, told me that there had been an arrange ment made between Mr. Gibbs, Mr. Hill, and Mr. George Bywater. Mr. Gibbs was to ma nage the teas, Mr. Bywater the counter, and Mr. Hill to be clerk. She afterwards told me that Mr. Davies was to be removed to Dr. Law rence's private house, and was to go about with him to visit his patients. She also said shevras to give Dr. Lawrence 5001. to take him to France, and was to pay their expenses. On the 26th of August Mrs. By water asked me did I think that if she gave Davies his liberty he Would bring actions against Hankey, Burrower, and another person she mentioned. 1 said could not tell without con sulting Mr. Davies. She said,.,in a few days the property will Le all mine, even down to his watch. I can give it back to him, but he shan't have as much power. I went with Dr. Macmichael to Clapham to see Mr. Davies, and talked with him a great deal ; he thought him as well in iu his mind as ever he was in his life. I have been dismissed ftom the employment by Mrs. Bywater and Mr. Jones, her Solicitor. I had three weeks' notice. I never saw her use any violence towards Mr Davies, but he has told me so. I have seen her conduct overbearing towards Mr. Davies at times. The examivation of the witness being closed at six o'clock, the Court adjourned to Saturday, at eleven o'clock. M. CAILLIE'S TRAVELS TO TIMBUCTOO.-- This most interesting work will very shortly be published by Messrs. COLBURN and BENTLEY. Among the geo graphical problems which, during the last half century, have occupied the attention of the world and awakened a spirit of enterprise and adventure, the existence of a large and populous city in this heart of Central Africa stands preeminent. To decide this long agitated question, various expeditions have been fitted out, but without success. In vain have HOUGHTON, BItOWNE, HORNESIAN, PARE, TUCKEY, PEDDLE, CAMPBELL, GRAY, RITCHIE, Bow- DUCH, OUDNEY, CLAPPERTON, DENHAM, and LAING—. in vain have BURCEHARDT, BEAUFORT, MOLLIEN, and laztyorit endeavoured to remove the veil that enveloped this m ysterious city. Of thi s num b er M a j o r L AING a l one reached the desired goal, but through the barbarous murder of that officer, the results of his persevering exertions unhappily l os t t o hi s coun try. M. C AILLIZ is European who has been en a bled to penetrate to have v firt e nab e u bs c e t oo n and to return to Europe with full and accurate information respecting this hitherto unknown capital. PARISCORRESPONnENCE. " PARIS, DEC. 20. " A house of refuge has just been opened in Paris for the reception of the destitute and houseless poor, which the inhabitants delight in ascribing to the exertions of their late favourite Prefet of Police, M. Debelleytne. I am not aware that any institution, strictly analogous to the present, has ever been established in Lon don ; but as the details may at least be interest ing, if the whole be not worthy of imitation, I make no apology for troubling you with the following particulars f,— " In a large triangular inclosure, at the end of the line of street called the Oursine, there for merly stood an old building, consisting of two distinct wings, the general appearance of which has been materially altered by the new arrange ments, the roof having been removed and an additional floor having been added to the general height of both parts of the building. The court has been divided into two compartments, and on entering the first of these there is on the one side a guard-house or police-station, and beyond it a salle de discipline, or lock-up-house. On the other side is the apartment of the concierge, or housekeeper, to the left of which are two receiving rooms, one for applicants of either sex. Here they wait until they are examined by the Commissioners of Police, and when that cere mony is completed, if the applicant's admission be decided on, he is sent to the medical atten dant, who, if the patient be too unwell to sup port the system pursued in the establishment there, sends him at once to one of the public hospitals, so numerous in Paris, where he is admitted without difficulty. If but slightly in disposed, and if requiring only such assistance as may be had in the establishment itself, he is forthwith admitted. The new entrant is first taken to the bathing house where excellent bathing tubs, covered with zinc, are arranged in a division of the first' court. Here, after being subjected to the ablu tions required by the discipline of the establish ment, the new inmates receive a supply of linen and clothes belonging to the house. For men these consist of linen shirts, woollen stockings, trousers, vest, and jacket of cloth. For women, shifts, stockings, two petticoats, and two waist coats of woollen, together with a cap of cotton cloth. Both men and women are provided with wooden shoes. Thus dressed they are admitted into the interior of the establishment. The dresses brought with them at their entrance are immediately sent to the wash-house, and on their return they are put up and laid aside to be restored on the individual's departure. The whole linen and clothes, both belonging to the inmates and to the establishment itself, are cleaned and bleached by contract, at the rate of six centimes, or a very little more than a half penny a day for each individual. entering the interior of the house you find on the first floor an extensive kitchen, under which there is a small steam-engine, for the pur pose of putting an apparatus in motion to extract the gelatine from I.)Ones. - ThiS gelatine is em ployed in the preparation of- various aliments by means of furnaces and cooking apparatus, ar ranged according to the system so well known in Paris of M. Darcet. Connected with the kit chen are a. pantry and other conveniences, for the purpose of cleaning the a dry vegetables made use of in the establishment. You then come to an extensive refectory, which ends in two large doors, behind which there is a chapel. On the one side of the refectory is the garden, and on the other a spacious court, the sides of which have sheds or arcades covered with zinc, for the purposes of exercise in bad weather. The house is thus divided into two parts, the one to be occupied by women, and the other 'by men. The second and third floors are extensive dor mitories, calculated to contain upwards of 400 beds. In each dormitory a place is set apart for an overseer, whose business it is to preserve order among the inmates. _ _ The frames of the beds are ofiron, about 30 inches wide, each being furnished with a paillasse of straw, a mattrass stuffed with wool, a bolster, two woollen bed-covers, and a pair of sheets. The dormitories are lighted at night with reflec tors, and heated as well as the lobbies and refec tory by means of heated air, communicating through pipes connected with the apparatus of the steam-engine under the kitchen. ,‘ To avoid all communication between the two divisions of the establishment, the necessary exchanges of linen, &c., are effected by means of a contrivance in the wall, which turns on a pivot. The men and women are admitted to the refectory at separate hours, and in attending divine service the men are assembled in the re fectory, while the women meet in the dormitory immediately over it, the one end of which forms a gallery overlooking the chapel. " In toms of the regulations the inmates are allowed to leave the house once a fortnight; the men and women going out on alternate Sun days. If a man and his wife should both be inmates, they are allowed, on a special appli cation, to go out together on the same Sunday. " The cellars under the building, which are not much under the level of the ground, and are well aired and carefully fumigated, are divided into work-shops fit for the reception of persons of almost every trade. Individuals unfit for the exercise of any trade are employed according to their strength in digging the garden, and the whole inmates are employed by turn, eighteen at a time, in working a machine for the purpos e of raising Hater for the supply of the establish.. lated for the benefit of die individual, and tb e. remaining third is placed at their own disposal' 4 I t has been thought advisable to place cer. taro comforts within their reach. For this Pr' pose a second kitchen has been established, called the kitchen of luxury. To avoid sr culation, the department is let to a person au' thorized by the establishment, who sells on h is own account such articles as the inhabitants 1031 find themselves in a situation to purchase. a " I may add, that the whole of the fixed capital which has been sunk in this establish' meat amounts only to 400,000 francs, or some' thing less than 16,0001., a sum of very small amount in a large capital like London or Par' s ' if compared with its probable advantages i n the prevention of crime. lam not aware of anY fund in London which could be applied t° , the creation of a similar establishment , but A am confident there is no want of those ella": ritable dispositions which prompt to the relief of the destitute and houseless poor at this in' clement season of the year ; and I shall happy if the particulars I have now commulli--': cated shall draw some attention to the subject, and contribute to an increase of those temporary places of shelter, which, in former years, have. been found so beneficial in London." RECORDER'S REPORT.- Yesterday the Recorder of London made his report et - Windsor of the following pri.oners capitally convicted At the last September and October sessions--fif- T h = l Thomas Maynard, 36, William dsey, 20, Ge"g e • 59, James Mitchell, 18, William Jennings, 21t Mortimer, 22, William Clegg, 18, for Jenning s , 21, .i n a man, 45, for forgery; Thomas ;siker% 24, Mark Joel, dwelling-house ; William Newitt, 36, Robert Denningtost 21, William Williams, 25, for sheep•stealing ; Benjami n lie, Bartington, 20, Stephen Sandford, 24, William Les 31, for burglary; John Duffey, 17, Sarah O xlt i' 11 ' William Fray, 44, for housebreaking; and Peter Barnel c r alias Samuel Pickering. 31, for highway robbery; also of John Tisley, alias William Harri s, 36, O r re : turning from transportation, when his Majes t y was gr,- ciously pleased to respite all except William Ne;!l' Thomas Thomas Maynard, Stephen Sandfo rd, and " Liam Leslie, who are left for execution on Thursday fled' UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE CAMBRIDGE, DEC. 25.—The following gentlemen were ordained by the Lord Bishop of Lincoln, i" Christ's College Chapel, on Sun da y last, the 20t.11 instant : DEACONS. James Armitatead, B.A. Wadham College, Oxon Lawrence Armitstead, B.A. Lincoln College, Oxon Edward T. Champnes, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge J T o h h o n ma K s a L y ad , B.A. ds BL.AincoclnaitiC.olcolegllee,ge, O James S. Cox, B.A. Corpus Christi Col le g e, Cambridge ' x Co a n nibridie rub rid e Joseph E. Middleton, B.A. Trinity College, Cd Frederick R. Neve, B.A. Oriel College, Oxon G. Jonathan Quarmhy, B.A. Lincoln CAdlelte , Thomas Storer, B.A. St. John's College, A. T. Russell, S.C.L. St. John's College, contrl fie H. T. Streeton, B.A. Queen's College, Ozon Edward. Thomas John Watson, B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge P. Curtois, S.C.L. Trinity Hall, Cambridge Flavell, M.A. S. John's • College, Cambridge P. W. Ray, B.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge • h From the Bishop of Norwich W. Procter, S.C.L. St. Peter's College, Cambridge From the Archbishop of York W. H. Graham; B.A. Exeter, College, Oxon Z From the Bishop of Ely 5 Cm:abridge G. J. Atkinson, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge • T. Ayres, S.C.L. St. John's College, :Cambridge R. E. Blackwell, B.A. Cathedral Hall, Cambridge, S. Dawes, B.A. Caius College, Cambridge H. D. Hoblyn, M.A. Balliol College, Oxon - W. H. King, Cathedral Hall, Cambridge T. Mills, B.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge C. Murray, B.A. St. Peter's College, Cambridge P. Palmer, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge Lord W. Russell, M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge T. Sutton, B.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxon J. Taylor, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge T. D. Thorpe, B.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge M. C. Tompson, B.A. Trinity College, Oxon R. T. Welby, B.A. Christ's College, Cambridge T. White, B.A. Queen's College, Cambridge C. J. Myers, M.A. Fellow of Trinity College Caul°. From the Archbishop of York W. H. Shelford, M. A. Fellow. of Emmail. College } From the Bishop of Ely T. Walpole, M.A. Balliol College, . Oxon The Right Hon. F Russell, M.A. has been instituted by the Lor i, Bishop of Lincoln, to the rectory of Eastmanstet.o,_ Cheyneys, in the county of Buckingham, on t" r a o n m d th i e l ß ev is . ho L p o o r f d N l o v rw ri i o ch t t i ll presentation of his Grace the Duke of Bedford. The Rev. Matthew Carrier Tompson, B.A . ",, s 0 been instituted to the rectory of Woodstone, county of Huntingdon, on the presentation of W s ' Tompson, of Round Coppice, Bucks. The Earl of Fitzwilliam has been pleased to Prr of sent the Rev. Edward R. Theed to the,rectorf f Fletton, near Peterborough, vacant by the death the Rev. J. Lowe. The Rev. William Hicks, M.A. of Mag dalene College, has been instituted by the Lord B ishop of London to the Rectory of Sumner, Essex, °p , the presentation of his Grace the Duke of Rutlow On the 16th inst. the Rev. Charles Fisher, 10.,1* was instituted to the Rectory of Oulton, in Suff° l on the presentation of the Rev. George Anguish; ° Somerleyton Hall. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PLYMOUTH, DEC. 25.-I'll.olmoNs, APrnit47 maim, &c.--Lieutenants Charles Bolton sul, C. IL. M. Buckle are transferred to the North St: from the Rainbow, the intention of putting th e hitt" ship in commission having been for the present linquished. Lieut. William Worsford to the ek_ i ; dcrs. Mr. Francis. T. Brown is promoted to toe rank of Lieutenant, and appointed to the 11°,1", vice.Philips invalided. It k. '\Vm. Samuel ,is noted to the rank of Lieutenant and appointe,o ' the Camelion vice Dooley, removed to the MI; quito. Mr. R. M. Read is appointed Purser t°..,ft North Star. Mr. W. J. Atrill is appointed ri."l to the Ilyacieth, vice Reed. First Lieutenan t ` l ",i 'Hendry, of the Portsmouth division of 1 / ho Marines, has been removed to Woolwich to 6 11 , 1 „, — , Vacancy occasioned by the death of J. Virill'll - who died on the 12th of September, Fernando Po. His Majesty's sloop Pylades, 18, Commaricll P.D. H. Hay, sailed on Tuesday morning co vet .- to the Irish station. The Vigilant ketch, 10, Lieut. R. Loney, csAr:je in from Lisbon, during Friday night ; having lenu d a a mail from thence at Falmouth early in the dafo! be having sailed from the Tagus on the 6th inst. f tb , passed the Magnet packet, Porteous, on the l h on her way , to Lisbon. . F. His Majesty's ship Ariadne, 28, Captai n 00 Marryat, C.B. came in on Monday afternoon 0 40 the Western Islands, with the loss of anchor!. , e j left Madeira on the sth instant; the Undanfner, arrived there on the Ist. and sailed on the 4th i° f meet. I daily The inmates receive a The Island of Ascension having been found a ; supply of a much more importance than was anticipated, or - „: pound and a-half o f bread, besides soup and have been gives to put it in a state of defers c_ . `, , vegetables, and on Sundays meat is substituted .the Royal Marine Artiller& Lieut. M'Arthur, of for the been selected, for the purpose of e xecute" with They are supplied,"in short, 1 w ill p roceed with a detachment of that eo r p s, ." with whatever is strict l y nec essary to existence, that order. ' - 01 but they are also ma de to work , and the value of In Hamoaze—St. Vincent, Kent, D r uid, the work is fixed at sixt y centimes, or something One-thi r d i s ret a ined . cinch, Ariadne, Leveret, Royalist, Raven, Stal l ri " and Meteor steam-vessel. less than slxpence a day. In Barnpool—Britomart. 1 by the establishment? another third is accumu- In the Sound—Espiegle. . ,r ~.....__i i . el ----...._,_ Tt have rh Pape, Et.a'vtt ti le el tio ns doe,* p u ll ti 4 gill t eC t Weer trqnsi A c ' 4 , ti them, °Ur 01 "f w; ii,