The Sun. — London, England, 1860-09-24 00:00:00

• . T HEA TR T..il-RO YAL, HAY NIARIiET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buskstene. THIS EVENING the performances will cornmenee with THE ODDITIES OF THE OHIO. By the Leclereqs. Followed by DOES HE LOVE ME ? Messrs. Howe, Chippendale. E. Villiers, and and ; Miss Amy Sedg wick, Miss Florence Haydon, and Mrs. Wilkins. After which, the now farce, entitled FITZSMYTHE OF FIT Z SMY THE HALL. Messrs. Buckstone, W. Farren, and Rogers; Mrs. Wilkins and Miss Henrade. To conclude with THE BOA.B.DING SCHOOL. Commence at 7.1 HEATIIE _ROYAL LYC EUM. TSole Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE.- The Public is respectfully informed that this Theatre, having been newly Decorated and Embellished, WILL OPEN for the Winter Season, on MONDAY, Oct. Af 1, kr witwhich, a N h a Comic ew Dra and ma, ' entitled DELICATE GROUND. Orio - inal D rama (written by Tom Taylor, Esq.) entitled THE , BRIGAND AND HIS BANKER. Principal characters by Mr. George Vining (his first appearance here), Mr John Rouse, Mr. Villiers, Mr. H. Watkins (the popular American Comedian, his first appearance in England), Mrs. Keeley, Miss 31. Ternan, and Madme Celeste. To conclud The e with mAGI,C TOYS Valentine a , Miss Lydia Thompso n. ,tented Comedienne, Miss Josephine Goughenhelm, of the principal Theatres in America and Australia, is engaged, and will make her first appearance in England on Monday , B t h Oct. Miss Rosina Howard, this accomplished American Actress and Vocalist, is also engaged, and will appear early n November. faDELPHI, NEW THEATRE - RO YAL. . Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Wibster. Great SOCCess of the new Drama, by es Dion 13oureicAult, Esq., " The Colleen Bawn."—Miss Agn Robert,:on every even ing. THIS EVENING, THE RIFLE CORPS. Messrs. W. Smith. D. Fi , her, C. Selby, Miss VS' oolgar, Miss Rate and Mrs. Billington. After which, THE COLLEEN BAWN. D. P.ourcicault, D. Fisher, Bilngton, Falconer, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, ROMer. Miss Agnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billing ton, and Mrs. Chatterley. To conclude with MUSIC FIATH CHARMS. Mr. David Fisher. - - Doors open at half-past 6—Comm illence at 7. B o x-office open from 10 t 5. No charge for booking. Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Yarally Boxes, /1. Orchestra Stalls, Ss. ; Balcony, 4s. Front Circle Stalls, SS : m phitheatre. Is ; Gallery, 61 Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, Is. Acting Wage= la—Mr. Wm. Smith. A ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-- PSTLEY'S ropr i e tor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY. Last Representations of "Mazeppa." Notice.—SPeedily will be produced, with great splendour, a Grand and Original Equestrian Spectacle, in Three E. written expressly for this Theatre by the popular author, E. FiTZnALL, Esq., entitled "ROBIN HOOD, •' with entirely new Scenery, Costumes, and Appointments. This Evening, Lord Boron's splendid Flippo-drama of MAZEPPA AND THE WILD HORSE, With entirely new and beautiful scenery, costly costumes, and appointments, introducing the largest stud of highly-trained Horses, Po nies, Buffaloes, and Camels in the World. To be followed by Scenes in the Arena by the Star Riders of the day. Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7. Boz-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stale Manager—Mr. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—M. Felix Rsvolti. CA NTERBUR EV Y ERY EHA VELLING, C ONCERT S.— N A Grand Selection from MARTHA, And Selections from TROVATORE, MACBETH, And numerous other Entertainments. P.alcony, is ...Tull. cd. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), and C. Marshall. The ET H 10PI ANS, consisting, of 17 performers (organised expressly for this Establishment). for the performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with Segro delineations, anecdotes, &c., in addition to the usual entertainments. The Fine Arts Gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evenin(z. THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, SEPT. 23, 1560, THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE, Gl—this day at noon. 48—lowest this morning and during the night. 5d —highest since noon yesterday. ThutomETEß-29.80. WIND -- South-Westerly ; light, with dull, cloudy weather. Afternoon fine. SEPT. 24. THEEMOMETER, IN THE SHAM 58—this day at noon. 46—lowest this morning and during the night. 56—highest since noon yesterday. BAROMETER-29.78. WlND—Northerly; light, cloudy and cold. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, Oh. Bm.—Afternoon, Oh. 53m To-motßow.-Morning, 10h. 35m.—Afternoon, 11h. 14m 44 4 ? ;ZSji '• .A:11"4: , Z',,ott • - ' v. .s. - 0 -477 ....--,-- )7 , \ (s) 0"".• • 4 ---*-- ''' 4 ' L- - - L. t,_‘ --;-i-,---)6,-§,,..,;.,:''',..,_-- ~... --- .4. , .. , ..— ,, ..... ~,,, ........,, .., ,•• N...„,..,,,, 0,, ---„, -,.._ THE SUN. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 24, 1860, is but too true that CAvolm did treat him rudely and provokingly in the Assembly at Turin in reference to the annexation of his native town and its district to France. We have, however, entire confidence in GARIBALDI'S disposi tion and sense, that he will not peril the prospects of Italy for any mere crotchet 01 his own. It is but too plain, we fear, that there is real difference of policy between the Genera.' and the Count; but of the true points of difference, and whether they can be removed or not, we suspect we are all of us, as yet, bui im perfectly informed. In all probability the States man, with whom Italy can hardly dispense with yet, any more than with GARIBALDI, is meditating concessions which the Soldier, confident in his good sword , thinks unnece ssary. There is an un scrupulous one at hand, ever ready to intimidate the King of SARDINIA'S Government ino fresh surrenders of portions of Italy. The strong denials of French journals are almost proofs of this. And it may well be that GARIBALDI is in reality working more against Louts NAPO LEON than against CAVOUR. His object may be to make fresh surrender impossible. The presumed mis linderstaning is not unlikely; bui, the public dis play Of it may be designed to warn the great an nexer that GARIBALDI, at the head of a united Italy, will not put up with what he must submit to when he had not even a regiment. We await, however, further revelations before we can express any decided opinion. We only know that the military courage anti the diplomatic cleverness of We quite expect that the somewhat bolder atti tude assumed at last by the King of NAPLES, we should perhaps rather say of Gaeta, will soon change. It was assumed while he had some hope that LA3IORICIERE and he could act together ; but the tidings from the Marches will, in all probabi lity, be an effectual reply to the letter which the KING has addressed to his troops. As we have intimated from the first, there must be a conside rable number of soldiers and officers in the Royalist army too implicated to be willing to surrender while hope remained; and what is more, expectant of pay and favours from a despot, whieh they could never look for from a popular Sovereign. We aro by no means surprised, there fore, that FRANCIS 11. should try his last chance from the strong position he now has on the frontiers of his old kingdom. That he can resist the effect of LAMORICIERE'S defeat, and the forces which GARIBALDI will now be able to muster, seems, however, little likely. GARIBALDI will doubtless proceed very much as he has hitherto done. He will watch the favourable moment for attacking Gaeta; he will not be precipitate, but both cautious and prompt. He will make the re quisite preparations and bide his time, but strike effectually when the time does come. The landing of troops between Capua and Gaeta evidently points to an intention to cut off the communica tions between the two portions of the Royal army. The -most unpleasant part of the news from abroad is doubtless that relating to the misun derstanding between GARIBALDI and CAVOUR, chiefly about Nice. That, is an Italian town ; Savoy might be spared without crossing GARI BALDI'S darling project of complete Italian unity; but Nice is undoubtedly a part of Italy, and it was the birthplace of the great patriot. It is not likely that the personal ground would be the chief one with a man who has always shown entire readiness to sacrifice anything personal for the "idea" of a free and united Italy. Yet it THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 24, 1860. or_ams... eft GARIBALDI and of CAVOIJR are both needed to counterwork the combined audacity and cunning of the French EMPEROR. London seems destined to follow, not to lead, in the great improvements required in towns by the progress of science and the increase of population. Birkenhead has set it the example of street rail ways ; one which it must soon follow if our main streets are to be available for vehicles at all. And the Mayor of Birmingham has, we observe, just set an example which the Lord Mayornoifs Honou r might also follow with advant a g e • of the local metropolis conve ned a n i p n it e , e , t e i l g e , a n d o i t d a e t n a . Mansion-house, nor to pa rtake of tertainment," but at the principal inn of the town, and to share a modest " luncheon ;" but the meet ing was for a practical object. It was really f or something b e tt e r than " civic hospitality !" The corporation of Birmingham has been desirous to purify its small river, the Tame, and has, for that purpose, provided at great expense filtering tanks, by means of which the grosser part of the town sewage was stopped in its passage to the river, and the defecated liquid alone suffered to flow away into the stream. The town is now in the same position in which London will shortly be in regard to its sewerage. They have a system of sewerage by which the contents of cesspools, the refuse of slaughter-houses and wash-houses, and all the various things which the first chemists of the day say are of vital importance to the agri culture of the country, are collected and brought under control. After, however, the filtered fluid flows into the river it is so diluted as to be of little or no value to the farmer; and the object of the Mayor was to ascertain whether the neigh bouring landlords and farmers could not be in terested in carrying out a plan for distributing the purified liquid over the land, thereby enor mously increasing its productiveness as far as it should extend. Some question was raised at the meeting as to the loss sustained by filtering the sewerage. But scientific persons present maintained the now well ascertained fact that the solid part of the sewage is of insignificant value. It:was also mentioned that the Town Council had no wish to free the liquid from solid matter, if it were desirable that it should be retained. The truth, however, is, that the chemical ingredients held in solution are the chief fertilisers of the soil, and if the expense of filtering be not heavy, it is pro bably advantageous, in the distribution through pipes, that the fluid should be as little as possible encumbered with gross particles of little or no agricultural value. Dr. VOELCKER, consulting chemist to the Royal Agricultural Society, who was present, was of course the chief authority on this point, and he told the meeting that, "As to the possibility and advantage of applying sewage in a liquid state there could not be a doubt. The only question which had been raised that day was, what is the comparative value of the matters in solution, and of the matters which subside in the tanks ? In February last he made a careful examination and analysis both of the clear liquid and the deposit. He found that by far the largest amount of the various fertilising matters were contained in the sewage in a state of solution ; that a very insignifi cant quantity of valuable fertilising matter was re moved in the tanks ; and that the clear sewage was equally well adapted for irrigation as the sewage before it enters the subsiding tanks, and was indeed in some respects better on forced grass lands." We believe, however, that the discoveries of LIEBIG and his followers have quite set this question at rest; and, that every farmer aware of the facts of the case, would be almost indifferent to that more offensive portion of the sewage which meets the eye, and would aim to secure what was till recently supposed to be of smaller value. Many facts were adduced at the meeting showing the proved and high value of what has so long been suffered to run to waste; some of them would seem almost fabulous, were not the evidence so undeni able. At Ashburton, in Devonshire, where the land was so treated, it let at £6 an acre, while the land not irrigated let for 20s. ; at Malvern, some meadows bore five times the quantity of hay they ever had before, and grass for hay was cut three times in the year instead of once; at Mansfield, land formerly let at 3s. per acre now let at £l2 ; at Edinburgh, 400 acres irrigated by one-half the town sewage let most of it at £3O per acre. One fact very curiously illustrated the value set on the sewage by a neighbouring gentleman, for, in proof of the real value of irrigation in this neighbour hood, the Mayor also referred to the legal proceed ings taken against the - corporation by Mr. WHEEL WRIGHT, of Erdington Hall, who showed that by being deprived of the irrigation of 55 acres, his loss on two years' crops was £4OO. This was, of course, a plaintiff's assessment of his own loss ; yet it is below what the previous cases would have justified him in asking. Such a meeting as that at the Hen and Chickens would of course be incomplete with out our old agricultural friend Mr. MECHI ; being unable to he present he contributed, however, his share of facts ; he wrote thus :—" Could I attend, I should endeavour to enforce upon the meeting that a farm of 500 acres near Edinburgh, which was worth only £5OO per annum, has been so im proved by the application of the town sewage of a portion of Edinburgh, that it now produces an an nual revenue of about £9,500. Some portions of the oldest irrigated meadows were let this year by public auction at a rental of £35 to £44 per impe rial acre, the average of the whole letting being £27 per imperial acre. The character of the soil near Birmingham being friable and sandy, renders it peculiarly eligible for irrigation purposes, and if it can be purchasedreaatt individual di price viau notal profitexceedingm est £2OO per acre, a great result from flooding it abundantly with town sewage." Every Englishman will ask, however, first, how far is the thing generally practicable ? The Mayor had very wisely anticipated a question so sure to be asked. The fertilising powers of town sewage were undeniable—but would not the cost of putting on the land by tubing like Mr. MECIII'S be far too great ?—and somehow the country farmers will yet look askance at the worthy agriculturist's balance sheets. Mr. SIIEPIIEED, civil engineer, however, could tell them the exact cost ; it was fifty shillings per acre for the requisite works, and thirty shillings per acre as the annual charge. He was, he said, " engineer to a company now forming in London, of which Lord CALTIIORPE was a director, the object of which was to apply the sewage of Croydon to some thing like 6,000 acres of land. They were ready to do the same with the sewage of London and Birming ham, if the corporation would consent to give them the requisite concession. To the farmer the first cost for machinery and apparatus would not exceed £2 10s. per acre, and the company would undertake to supply him with the sewage at 30s. per acre y e arly. They would receive it at all elevations. After the sewage left the town, it would not be again seen till it bubbled up in the field where it was required." It would seem, therefore, that even Croydon, close at hand, is about to show us what we are to do with the contents of our tremendously costly sewers; and very soon, we apprehend, it will be thought as great a w n absurdity to propose a higher or lower • discharge of sewers into the Thames or into the sea as it would be to propose throwing into the water the cargoes of corn brought into port by our ships. All these cumulative evidences of the value of our sewage could not have arisen at a better time for us. One great sewer is now approaching com pletion, and the others will follow in, we may hope, reasonable time. But the question how they are to terminate ought to be at once taken up. The idea suggested by what the Mayor of Birmingham has done should be at once adopted in London. It seems every way probable that the money obtained for a right to use the sewage of London would amount to a very handsome sum ; would be a sen sible relief to the metropolitan rates, and leave a handsome profit still to both the company which constructed the works and the agriculturist also. We hope, therefore, soon to hear of a similar meeting in London. M. ESQUIROS is doing good service to the cause of Peace in Europe—M. ESQUIROS being (of all Europeans !) a Frenchman, and (of all Frenchmen !) a Journalist ! As a contributor to that French Times, and Blackzcood, and Edinburgh, all rolled into one, the Revue des deux Mondes—M, ALPHoNSE ESQUIROS has recently commenced in that eminent periodical a series of papers upon our British War Establishments—a series of papers which says to all France, which says for that matter to the whole of Europe—Beware ! Pause ! Hesitate! Think Twice ! before you dream of assailing, much more before you dream of actually invading England. For a wonder, be it said, although a Frenchman — for a still greater wonder, although a French man of-letters, M. ESQUIROS really does appear to know something about England and about Englishmen. What he knows about us, he has evidently learnt from personal observation. He has manifestly not begun, according to the old approved fashion, by collecting his facts at second-hand. He has come amongst us with his eyes open—and has examined everything, so to speak, with his eyes, NOT through coloured glasses. At the same time, while thus himself perfectly dispassionate, he is obviously quite conscious of the prevailing tendency elsewhere to exaggeration. " When I read the French news papers," he says, " I think—to use an expression common on the other side of the straits—that the Thames is on fire ;" adding, " When I read the English newspapers I think it is the Seine." Never theless, while deriding thus frankly the general disposition upon both sides to misrepresent the actual state of things by extravagantly magnifying upon either hand the confronting armaments, M. ESQUIROS insists upon it that the military reforms and increasing armaments of the United Kingdom have at length acquired for themselves a character of importance sufficient to justify • a serious amount of reflection among the surrounding nations of the European continent. "Every nation of the continent, " he writes, no matter which [imperial France, of course, can take this to herself !] every nation of the continent that should feel disposed to come into collision with Great Britain ought to think twice about it. First and foremost she would ,-find before her the wooden walls of Old Eng land, hitherto an impenetrable bulwark to her shores ; behind the ships are soldiers, who are daily increasing in numbers and improving in organiza tion; behind those soldiers stands the armed na tion"—meaning by this last our supplementary army of 150,000 Rifle Volunteers. Altogether apart from the recent movement made by Englishmen with a view to the better organiza tion of their national defences, altogether apart from this recent movement, M. ESQUIROS has the high moral courage to put the following pertinent and searching queries in our regard directly before his own fellow-countrymen—" Have not the Eng lish soldiers," he asks, " although never numerous, sufficed for all the great eventualities of history ? Has not the weight of their arms been felt for cen turies past in the balance in which are weighed the destinies of the Continent ? Each time that it was necessary to conquer, have they not conquered ?" Nay, he has even the courage to observe yet fur ther, yet more pointedly, " I will not awaken irri tating recollections, I will not write the name of a great battle so painful to our national self-love ; it suffices to recall the fact that lately England, with a handful of men, reconquered India. Instead of deny ing history, it were better to seek by what ties the British character is linked to the group of martial na tions." Whereupon he thus judiciously represents our military character: "The Englishman," he ob serves, "is not warlike from taste ; he does not love war for war's sake, or maintain an army for the ruinous pleasure of seeing bayonets glitter and ban ners flaunt. He has an army to defend his territory, his commerce, the immense network of his external relations and affairs. Experience has more than once shown him the necessity of putting the pride of riches under the protection of courage. The English soldier has less enthusiasm than coolness. On a battlefield he dies as he lives, with resolution and from a sentiment of duty. Immovable in his ranks, he feels that the responsibility of the labour which has made England an opulent nation rests upon his arms." So much for the " regular army" —outside which, girdling our very coasts with the outermost barrier of defence are England's Old Woolen Walls—within which, bristling in serried ranks, corps upon corps are the bands of the armed nation itself, the armed people themselves, the National Guard of the British Rifle Volunteers. France, Russia, any nation in Europe "will think twice about it," as M. ESQUIROS frankly puts the matter before his follow Frenchmen, before his brother Europeans—" will think twice about it" be fore coming into collision with Great Britain under existing circumstances. His Excellency the Marquis d'Azeglio has ler town for Broadlands Park, on a visit to Viscount and Vis countess Palmerston. _ _ The Duke and Duchess of Hamilton and family have left Hamilton Palace, Lanarkshire, for Brodick Castle, An an, where the noble duke and duchess will shortly receive a distinguished circle of friends. The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury, who left town a few days back for Bedgebury Ptak, Kent, on a visit to Mr.A. B. Beresford-Hope and Lady Mildred Hope, will join the circle visiting the Earl and Countess Delawarr at Buckhurst Park, Sussex, to-day. The Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde arrived in town on Saturday, from Pails, in which capital they made a short stay on their way home from Homburg. The Earl and Countess of Derby's party at Knowsb; yPark, Lancashire, will assemble on Monday next, and will include a large family circle and immediate per sonal friends, invited for tha nuptials of the Lady Emma Stanley and Colonel the Hon. W. P. M. C. Talbot, ap pointed to take place on Thursday, the 4th proximo. The Earl and Countess of Seafield arrived in the early part of last week at their seat in Inverness-shire, from a tour of vists in Ireland. The Earl of Lonsdalc arrived at his residence on Carlton House-terrace, on Saturday, from Lowther Castle, Westmoreland. . _ The marriage of Lady Arabella Diana S. West, youngest daughter of the Earl and Countess Delawarr, with Sir Alexander Bannerman, Bart., is to be solemnised to morrow at Buckhurst Park, Sussex. Lieutenant General Sir Harry Smith continues, we are sorry to learn, in much the same condition, no appa rent improvement having manifested itself. Her Majesty, before her departure for Germany on Saturday, sent an equerry to inquire after the health of the gallant general. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge and a great many military friends of Sir Harry called personally dur ing the afternoon. A letter from Lyons informs us that the waters of the Rhone and Saone have risen to the level of the lower bridges, LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Alr, Reuter's office : TURIN, SEPT. 24. The head-quarters of General Fanti are at Loretto. The siege artillery has been disembarked at the Sardinian camp, near Ancona. The Cpinione says :—" Count Vimercati de Ven centi and Signor Pallavicina have arrived here from Naples. Count Vimercati has been to Naples on a mission to the Dictator. Signor Pallavicini is sent here intrusted with a mission from the Dictator." The Neapolitan Ministry has tendered its resig nation. It is said that Signor Conforti has bees intrusted with the formation of a new Cabinet. ROME (via Marseilles), SEPT. 18. It is asserted that the Sardinian troops have advanced as far as Narni. On Monday next the Consistory of Cardinals will be assembled. The last works of Renan, Rumichon, and Dupin have been placed on the index of the books con demned by the Papal Government. NAPLES, (via Marseilles), SEPT. 18. The official journal publishes an article attack ing Count Cavour. The same journal publishes a letter from Ga ribaldi declaring that there exists an irreconcil able difference between his policy and that of Count Cavour. TURIN, SEPT. 22 The Sardinian Government has decided that the French soldiers of the Papal army who have been made prisoners shall be immediately restored to their families. TURIN, SEPT. 22 (Evening The Chassours of the Tiber entered Viterbo yesterday. The inhabitants had revolted and driven away the Papal garrison. TURIN, SEPT. 23 (Evening). The King has conferred on General Cialdini the Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy. In the battle of Monte Fidardo the Sardinians took 11 cannon, not six, as was first stated. The number of Pontifical officers made prisoners was 150, not 50. GENOA, SEPT. 23. Signor Pallavicini and Cardinal Sforza have ar rived here from Naples. The official Gazette of Venice publishes a pro clamation of the Lieutenant• General, increasing the military patrols and limiting the use of arms for the suppression of revolutionary attempts. VENICE, SEPT. 23, In yesterday's sitting of the Reichsrath Count Clam Martinez declared that the laws concerning the public press are not satisfactory, and proposed the insertion of a demand for their revisal in the re ports of the committee. The majority of the com• mittee agreed eo this proposition. The reports of the majority and the minority of the committee were then read by the reporters. Count Szecsen declared that the cause of all the evils in Austria was to be found in the system of government. It is now absolutely necessary to satisfy the wants of each province, based as they are upon political and historical right. The ques tion of Hungary especially demands a solution. It is the duty of the Council of the Empire to discover in what way the individuality of the provinces can be re-established without disturbing the union of the different parts of the empire. The application of this project to each single province should be arranged between the Sovereign and the provincial Diets. M. Heyn then justified the view taken by the minority of the committee, and said that if the majority would state their intentions more dis tinctly, an understanding with the minority might then perhaps be possible. He expressed a hope that the majority wonld adopt the concluding words of the minority's report, which proposes, as the programme foc the political reorganisation of Austria, the unity of the empire, and as much as possible the autonomy of each province. VIENNA, SEPT. 23, The Serbske 11Tovine announces that Prince Milosch is not dead, but, on the contrary, is re covering. His complete restoration to health is expected. SEMLIN, SEPT. 22. Several arbitrary acts having been committed by Servian functionaries against foreigners, the con sills of the great Powers have been instructed to address remonstrances to the Servian Government. PARIS, SEPT. 22. A report was current to-day on the Bourse that the Austrians had crossed the Mincio. The Com missary of the Police of the Bourse gave an official denial to this report. •,•••••••••• •••••• PARIS, SEPT. 22 (Evening). The Patrie says :—" We believe we can affirm the complete falsity of the report that the Emperor had expressed a wish to be invited to Warsaw." The same journal contains the following : " Garibaldi, in a letter to Signor Abrusco, pub lished in the official journal of Naples, says : Although I am quite disposed to sacrifice all per sonal feeling on filo altar of the country, I could never be reconciled with men who have sold an Italian province.' Nevertheless a decree of the Dicttgor promulgates the Sardinian Constitution for Naples and Sicily, but without fixing a date for its execution." Baron Brenier is to leave Naples on Thursday next. Mr. Elliot will remain in that city. PARIS, SEPT. 22 (Morning). The Moniteter announces the arrival of their Ma jesties at St. Cloud. PARIS, SEPT. 23. Baron Hubner, formerly. Austrian Ambassador at Paris, has arrived here. It has been officially denied that the Sultan intends to send the Grand Vizier on a special mission to Paris and London. Advices from Belgrade state that the Sultan, it is expected, will acknowledge Prince Michael as Prince of Servia ; but at the same time will declare that the Porte does not intend to recognise the hereditary right of the family Obrenovitch. It is stated here that the French troops will not occupy Damascus. FRANCE. BOURSE, Sept. 22.—The market opened firm at the quotations of the previous day, and for a time showed rather: an upward tendency, but after a short time Stock became offered by persons desirous of realising, and quotations rapidly receded. Threes, which for a moment had reached 68f 70c, are now at 681 20c. Mobilier, 680 f; Orleans, 1,382 f 50c ; Northern, 965 f; Mediterranean, 890 f ; Austrian, 468 f 75e; and Lombard, 470 f. The following are the last quotations 41 per per Cents 95 50 , Credit Foticier 895 Do end month.... —1 Belgian 41 — 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 30 , Roman Bank Shares 2815 —; Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 680 Spanish Threes 47 50 Do. Account 685 Home Debt RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. , Oilcans 1385 .. 1385 Northern - .. 957 50 New ditto 876 25 .. 870 Lyons and Mediterranean 890 .. 895 Geneva 350 .. 360 Southern 497 50 .. 500 Western Eastern Sardinian Anstrian - LOD' bard , . 470 .. 471 25 ITALY. A letter from Turin, dated the 21st inst., says : "The report is current that Lamoriciere will sur• render Ancona. The defence does not seem possible According to the calculation of his own friends the garrison numbers at the outside 7,000 men. Pro- bably 4,000 is nearer the mark. "Turin has celebrated the victory of Cialdini in a brilliant manner. The King came in from Rac conigi to attend the solemnity. " There is no use attempting to conceal facts ; the struggle has commenced in good earnest be tween Garibaldi and Count Cavour. Whatever may have been the letter from Garibaldi brought to the King by Trecchi and Brambilla, whether believed in or denied, matters little. It does not alter the affair one jot. The antogonism between the two gains ground daily ; this is the serious point and the real truth. _ " Count Cavour informs us better and better every morning how he differs in opinion from the Dicta tor. For this purpose he makes use of six Minis terial papers. To some he dictates, to the others he gives the not d'ordre, and things appear more and more." Respecting the correspondence between Garibaldi and the King, the Turin correspondent of the Debate, writing on the 20th inst., says : " It is not for me to question the official denial, although the rules of constitutional right invoked by the Ministry are not applicable to you. But the terms in which the denial is made will, I fear, rather tend to confirm the reports which have circulated so freely." The same correspondent says : " If the Pope should decide upon leaving Rome, as some people fancy he will do, a great difficulty will be overcome. Nothing will prevent Garibaldi from crowning Victor Emmanuel on the summit of the Quirinal, and Count Cavour will be relieved from the fear of a conflict with the French and with the troops of the Dictator—a conflict which would be the ruin of his policy, and probably also the ruin of Italy. " The departure of the Pope might have incon veniences and distant dangers for Italy, but it would singularly simplify the affairs of the moment." The United Italiana publishes the text of Gari baldi's letter to M. Brusco, the substance of which was forwarded by telegraph. It is dated Naples, 15th inst., and is as follows : " My dear Brusco,—You assure me that Cavour gives out that I agree with him, and that he is my friend. " I can assure you that although I may be disposed to sacrifice all personal resentment on the alter of my country, I will never reconcile myself with men who have humiliated the national dignity and sold an Italian province. " GARIBALDI." Garibaldi ordered this letter to be published in the official journal. A letter from Naples, dated the 17th inst., has the following on the subject : " The Minister of Police, hearing of it, waited upon the General, and entreated him not to print it. Garibaldi re plied, that he never concealed what ho thought, andexacted its publication. The letter appeared. A Council of Minis ters was held yesterday morning at half-past seven. A re port was adopted to the effect that the letter in question was a general defiant e to Count Cavour, to the Deputies, to the King, and to the Emperor Napoleon, and that the Ministers would not become accomplices in such a policy, and were, therefore, under the necessity of tendering their resignations. M. Romano was the bearer of the resolutions of the Cabinet to Garibaldi. He, moreover, explained the false position the Ministry was in, as it was impossible for it to govern when all sorts of decrees were issued without their being consulted. " Garibaldi listened to reason, and requested them to remain in office, and made M. Romano himself Keeper of the Seals. In future no decree will be issued frail the Dictator's private Cabinet, but everything will pass through the hands of the President of the Council, and be submitted to the competent Ministers." OFFICIAL ACCOUVT OF_7IIE BAT2LE OF CASTELFIDARDO. "TO GENERAL CACCIIIARI, BOLOGNA. " Osimo, Sept. 18. " This morning at 10 o'clock, General Lamori dere attacked my extreme positions on the counter fort, which extends from Castelfidardo, by Crocetta, to the sea. All the prisoners affirm that he had with him 11,000 men and 14 pieces of artillery, having reinforced the troops at Foligno with all that he had at Terni, Oscali, and el where. He sup ported his attack by a sortie of 4,000 men from the garrison of Ancona. These troops attacked us in a really furious manner. The combat was short, but violent and bloody. We had to storm several positions successively, and, after a simulated sur render, the defenders of these positions assassi nated our soldiers with poignards. Several of the wounded stabbed our men as they were coming up to succour them. The results of the day are as follows. We have prevented the junction of Lamoriciere's corps with the garrison ; we have taken GOO prisoners, among whom are 30 officers, some of them of high rank ; we have also taken six pieces of artillery, and among them those given by Charles Albert to Pope Pius IX. in 1848, a great many ammunition and baggage waggons, one flag, an infinity of arms, and many knapsacks left be hind by the routed men. All the enemies wounded, including General de Pimodan, who led the attack ing column, are in my power, as also a great number of dead. The column which sallied forth from An cona was compelled to retreat, but I have good hopes that I shall capture a great part of it this night. Prisoners and deserters are coming in every moment in great numbers. The fleet has arrived, and is opening fire upon Ancona: " CIALDINI, the General Commanding the 4th Corps d'Armee." ROIAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Since the close of last scAson great pains have been taken by Madame Celeste to do that which might certainly have been done by her predecessors many years since with great advantage, viz., clean and repaint the whole of the interior of the building. The boxes, pit, gallery, corridors,entries, even - the most minute corners, have been visited by the cleaners, scourers, painters, and decorators. And beautiful indeed is the result. The salle du theatre is really charm ing. The ground of the front of the boxes is a pale rose colour, with white and gold ornaments, the curtains of the private boxes are purely and simply white, and around the tops of the dress circle are festoons of crimson. The whole is lighted by a profusion of new and very elegant glass chandeliers, supplied by the eminent firm of Messrs. Defries and Co., who, it must be acknowledged, have never been more successful. In the grand entry in Wellington street a striking improvement has been effected by doing away with certain bulkheads, absolute ex crescences, which existed, thus rendering the vesti bule not only uniform, but (in appearance) double its original size. Nor must we omit to mention that the ladies who may honour the boxes with their presence have been specially cared for; matting covered with crimson cloth having been placed in the hall for thereto :stand upon while waiting for their carriages. The arch on the first landing of the grand staircase is fitted up with handsome ciimson curtains, as is also the second arch at the,entrance to the dress circle. The panel over the second arch, which was formerly simply , painted, is now a handsome mirror, lighted by three glass brackets. Facing the entry to the dress circle are also two other looking glasses with addi tional lights, producing a strikingly brilliant effect. Nor has the grand vestibule been neglected ; like the rest of the building, it has been entirely renovated, and is lighted by two very magnificent eight light chandeliers, also furnished by Messrs. Defries. Indeed the whole must be spoken of in terms of the highest commendation, and proves that Madame Celeste, the talented dame directrice, has spared neither pains nor expense, at least to deserve success and to render this very favourite theatre worthy of the highest patronage, We trust her efforts may be amply rewarded, TEE SPANISH SUCCESSION. ----o------ TRANSLATION. Spaniards,-0a addressing myself to the Corks in the month of June last, 'making use of the right of petition, and demonstrating clearly and plainly the grounds upon which I considered my rights to be based, 1 did not obtain a hearing. The present Assembly, the result of an election with which every one is acquainted, had to be sub• missive to the dictates of the Ministers. The Se- nate, from its composition, more immediately sub jected to the will of the person who at present oc- cupies the Throne, naturally followed the same course. Thus avoiding all discussion the circula tion of my writings was also prevented, by which means clearly evincing the weakness of a Throne which dreads discussion, and with special care pre vents the circulation of the manifestoes of a Pre tender. In the position I find myself placed at present, no other alternative remains for me than to appeal to the Spanish people, being desieSus that they may know my sentiments, and that they may form an exact opinion regarding my intentions. I will not insist on I ho question of right, because it is painful to speak of a beloved brother, perceiv ing him to be subjected to a party which strives to disavow the progressive spirit of the age. Nor will I expatiate upon his last act, based, it is said, upon the dictation of clever counsellors, who unfortu nately consulted more their own interests than the honour of my brother. The question of my rights is to me inseparable from the sanction of the people to whom I desire to appeal. I deplore the terrible struggle which during many years, and even since the termination of the civil war, the men of liberal ideas have had to encounter in order to effect the consolidation of a constitutional system that tad in reality no other origin than that derived from the Crown, which has not accepted freely and loyally representative institutions. Hence the sad spectacle of those Ad ministrations which succeeded one another in Spain at such short intervals, not chosen after ascertaining the public opinion, but named in order to secure the election of parties of a deter mined character, and thus to create a majority- Which would tamely follow them ; hence the gene ral disgust, and, as a natural consequence, the slavery of the Press, and the little respect to per sonal liberty, being the last result of an uninter rupted series of tumults and pronunciamentos, sometimes suffocated after precious blood had been spilled, and occasionally triumphant after gather ing but little fruit, to return again to the reac tionary system. In these vain and miserable contentions the Spanish people lavish their strength, for it is not a tranquil and pacific struggle of ideas, but a con tinual warfare in order to destroy every obstacle continually created by the same hand, which ought only to act as judge in the field, leaving the palisade open, and procuring by all possible means that the will of the people be known and manifested. This system is followed at present by all truly consti tutional MonarchS, and where it is carried out no mutinies occur, no risings take place, no shedding of blood exists; on the contrary, the Monarch and the people are bound together in close union. It is natural for him who thus recognizes the ad vantages of an entirely liberal system to desire for his country a sacred respect of individual liberty— the broadest liberty of the press, which is the strongest corrective of every kind of abuse; true equality before the law, and equal privileges to all parties; entire freedom in elections, the only method of rendering the representative system a reality ; and, in the economical branch, the total abolition of such duties as are most grievous to the public, such as those on articles of consumption and the gate duty ; the abolition of the monopoly of tobacco and salt, by which so many industrial pur suits are protected; the most ample system of amortization, not excepting the property which is called the Royal Patrimony, because I consider that the provision accorded by the public is sufficient for a King, because the prestige and the power of a Monarch ought not to be based on the ostentation in which he lives, but rather upon the affection and the respect of his subjects. And if all this which I desired for my country be not sufficient to satisfy the wishes of the people it would not be I who will put a veto on the national sovereignty, from which I expect everything. For this reason I have not hesitated a moment to make known to you my wishes, entering into de tails and reflections; but at a period when univer sal suffrage decides the fate of monarchs, he who aspires to be one, he who well knows the evils which oppress the Spanish people, he who ardently desires to contribute to their happiness, ought to proceed with noble frankness, and to make manifest in the face of the nation his sentiments and his profound convictions. I perfectly comprehend that my frankly liberal tendencies have occasioned surprise to many, and profound disgust to some of my father's servants, who never desired to see me separate myself from his principles, and create doubt at least in those who, taking into consideration the name which I bear, believe it difficult that I could openly break from the traditions of my family. I respect the memory of my father, who was entirely united to the ideas of his time, and which he upheld honour ably and with perfect faith, derived from profound conviction, until he breathed his last ; but it is un just in any grade of society to make a son respon sable for the errors of his father ; it would be a greater injustice to make me participate in such re sponsibility in treating of political opinions which hitherto I have had no occasion to manifest; and until experience, the reading of history, and the practical example of that which I observe every moment in this classical country of liberty, pro duced the conviction in me that it is madness to oppose the progressive spirit of the age, and that the Divine right has no signification without the assent and love of the people. It would be unjust to deny the faculty I possess to appreciate at its true value the spirit of the age in which we live, when from my position of an emi grant since my infancy I have had frequent oppor tunities of coming into close contact with the sad consequences of absolutism and deceit. In the year 1848 I witnessed the expulsion, in con sequence of the hurricane of revolutionary impulses, of monarchs who adhered to antiquated ideas, and who turned a deaf ear to every idea which might oblige them to accommodate themselves to the Just aspirations of their subjects ; I have seen them afterwards return to their thrones, protected by foreign bayonets and shedding torrents of blood; but in 1848 I witnessed also the rising of a nation proclaiming a Republic, and sending its most ardent defenders to carry an armed propaganda to a neigh bouring country, at the head of which they found a beloved and respected King. In Belgium the Propagandists were repulsed, and Leopold thereby received a solemn proof of the affection of his subjects. I have since seen the downfall, one by one, of thrones in Italy which had been upheld and sup ported by antiquated ideas, the last of which, that of Naples, the King of which would not evade his own ruin when so many opportunities were afforded him to do so, when so many useful and disinterested counsels were given him. On the other hand, I have seen a kingdom—a small one yesterday, but great to-day—governed by a truly constitutional King, whose high attributes I know, having been his companion in arms, and served his orders in the distinguished brigade of Savoy — a King who is not only the idol of Piedmont, but of the entire population of Italy, who recognise in him the champion of its liberty and its independence. Finally see in this great and hospitable coun try a virtuous Queen, a model of a mother of a family, who commits no offence against the esta blished institutions,n or conspires against her Minis ters, divesting herself of every influence w hich does not appertain to her legitimate and responsible advisers, who are called to this position by the national will—a Queen who findaits strongest sup port in this liberal system, which is so much dreaded by the adherents of antiquated ideas, It is natural that he who has received so many lessons in the school of misfortune, he who has been a close observer of so many and such grave events, he who has been able to compare the results of the two conflicting systems for the dominion of the world, should have formed a firm conviction, and that he aspires to realise, in the country of his birth, those principles which constitute the pro s a nd grandeur of other more fortunate nations. JUAN DE BORBON. P a i t r iOn Y s . THE STRIKE OF FEMALES AT ALVA.—This un fortunate, and, we may add, foolish strike, still continues, causing a loss to the working population of the village of £l,OOO a week, that being about the sum which is usually paid in weekly wages at this season of the year. We wero at first disposed to believe that the " fillers " had a show of justice upon their side, but having made more particular inquiries into the circumstances, we are compelled to change our opinion. It was alleged by the females that even work ing long hours they could not earn more 6s. a week in sum mer, and about 3s. a week in the winter months. So far from this being the case, however, we find that 7s. 6d. to Ba. 6d. in summer, and 4s. to N. in winter, is about their average weekly earnings, and there aro instances of an average wage . of 7s. 4d. a week being earned all the year round, even in cases whero, there has been a good deal of broken time. One employer informs us that, taking bad hands with good, the females in his employment have, dur ing the past six months, earned an average wage of above . 7s. 6d. a week each. Further, it appears that the py ice e s paid to fillers in Alva are hi g h er by a farthing a spin d than the prices paid i n All oa , an d also a farthingi hi g her on grey and white ya rns th an th e prices paid at Til icoultry l and Devonside. Many of the weavers, we have reason to know, already regret the encouragement they gave to the females to take this step and not a few ar e betaking them.• selves to Galashiels, and'others of the border townP)111 quest of employment,—.lryrth British THE GREAT EASTERN BEACHED AT iIfILFORD. MILFORD, SATURDAY, SEPT. 22. The operation was performed in a manner which reflected great credit upon Captain Vine Hall, and the powerful paddle engines snowed themselves as docile and manageable in the experienced hands of Mr. M'Lennan as they had done upon any previous occasion. The extraordinary facility with which the Great Eactern was handled was again the sub ject of universal admiration. The gridiron upon which the ship is now placed is about 580 feet in length, or equal to the whole length of the level bottom of the ship. About 100 feet at the head is unsup ported, owing to the curve line of the bow, but at the stern the keel rests upon the beach. Visitors can walk entirely round the ship, and the enormous mass of hull, the gigantic network of iron in the wheels, and the vast size of the screw, high overhead, look most imposing when the tide is out. Three blades of the screw were broken at the edges during the storm at Holyhead. The pieces broken off must have been several hundred pounds in weight, but the accident has not seriously affected the working power of the screw. At low water on Friday there was a general movement of those connected with the great ship to search for the wonderful and gigantic forms of vegetable and animal life which it was supposed would be found vegetating on the ship' s b o tt om . It was to these weeds and luxuriant vegetation that the comparatively slow rate. of speed was at tributed, and it was their removal, as the public were over and over again told, that was to have the effect of giving an addition of at least two knots an hour. There was no doubt, it was said, that the speed was in her, but the weeds outside were too much; remove them, and New York was within seven or eight days of England. Judge, then, of the astonishment of the directors and others when, after floundering about in the mud, duly provided with lanterns, and stumbling over the iron bars of the gridiron, nothing was to be found but some wretched stubby little hairy tufts and a few diminu tive "limpets," among which one of half an inch in length was secured by Mr. Appold as a veritable giant among those parasitical molusca. There are many portions of the ship's side and bottom, of seve sal feet in area, upon which not a solitary weed cr shell, or any form of foulness is to be found. A care ful calculation, founded on an examination of seve ral large areas, shows that on an average there is one tuft of weed to about two square feet of surface. Those tufts are small circular spots, very closely resembing in form, size, and general ap• pearance, those hirsute developments upon the human Chin known as " imperials." They are not even mossy or spongy, and do not, therefore, absorb and hold any quantity of water; they are formed of coarse, stubborn hair, and the most hardy species of barnacles could not hope to obtain pasturage or herbage upon them. The general appearance of the side of the ship below the water line is that of an old brick wall, bronzed with age, and slightly covered with- grey and yel low lichen. The rich vegetation which covered the ship while in Southampton water was almost entirely removed before she left for America, and any that remained was effectually cleared off in the Atlantic. It was necessary for the purpose of preserving the ship to clean and scrape her, and give her some coats of paint, but there was clearly no necessity for beaching her with the view of obtaining any increased speed. All the scraping and painting in the world will not add the fraction of a knot to her capabilities in this respect. The gridiron is a work which occupied the labour of 200 men for something like two months. The beach, to the distance of 580 yards, was excavated and levelled to within a few feet of low water mark at spring-tides. The arrangement for the reception of the ship consists of two ' grids,' 50 yards distant from the other. Each of these is 150 ft. in length, and is constructed of 40 strong transverse beams of 45, 35, 30, and 25ft. in length, kept in their place by iron-shod piles. The longest of these baulks is laid nearest amidships, and the others taper off in the same proportion as the beam of the ship. The dolphins are 30ft. in height, and are made of baulks of timber 13 inches square, clamped and bolted together: Their use is to sup port the ship and prevent her leaning over on the land side ; powerful hawsers and chains attached to the piling prevent her heeling over on the oppo site side. At low water the ship sits perfectly up right on the beach, the bottom having no keel, and being flat for a very large portion of its breadth. There is no likelihood of getting the ship off the' beach at the next " springs, as there will not then be more than sixteen feet of water. Thursday was the last day upon which she floated with the present high tides. There will, in fact, be no chance of getting her off until the 15th or 16th of October, and then only in the event of the wind being favourable to the set of the tide. With a good south-westerly wind the depth of water will not be more than twenty feet, and should the wind blow from any other quarter on those days the Great Eastern will have to pass several months o idleness. Under the most favourable circumstances, the voyage to America, therefore, as announced for the 17th of October, is an impossibility, for should the ship be floated from her present position she would require at least three weeks for coaling, as there is not a single mechanical appliance on board for facilitating the taking in of coal. There is, however, another cause of delay, and that by far the most important one, viz., the condition of the screw shaft and its bearings. With this part of the machinery in its present con dition, it is vain to attempt to go to sea. Owing to its construction in the first instance, this screw has given an immense deal of trouble, Originally the ponderous shaft, to which the screw is attached, worked on bearings of soft or white metal, an admirable invention for those parts of machinery which are not subjected to the action of salt water, but wholly unsuited in cases where the metal is exposed. As a consequence these bearings worked almost entirely out in the journey round from Holyhead. Bearings of lignunt vita were then substituted, but again with the same result. The iron shaft worked into these hard bearings to such an extent that they are cut away to the depth of 41 inches on the outside. At work, therefore, the machinery would strain in every part to such an extent as inevitably to break down altogether; to sly nothing of the enormous leak age through this enlarged opening under water, and which no amount of packing could effec tually prevent. What course is to be taken to set this matter right has not yet been decided upon. It is an affair which cannot be patched up or glossed over. The shaft will not work properly, nor, indeed, at all, unless its bear ings are perfectly true and accurate, while the friction of the iron surface of this shaft of some thing like 100 tons weight, with a screw of twenty four tons hanging at its extremity, and making forty or more revolutions in the minute, will de stroy everything with which it comes into contact. The plan adopted in the ships in the navy and other large screw vessels is the only one that has been found to succeed, namely, that of casing the shaft in brass. This metal will work upon the lig -1/1/7/1 vita' without wearing away either of the sur faces at the enormous rate at which they were de stroyed in the voyage to New York and back. If this should be done, and it does not appear that any other course is open, the alteration will occupy several weeks. It is a work, too, which cannot be conveniently effected while the ship is afloat, as the shaft revolves entirely under water. This alteration, moreover, is one which involves considerable cost. So far as the hull of the ship is concerned, it is perfectly sound; not a rivet appears to have started, and she is as water-tight as when she left the yard at Millwall. The directors will, no doubt, shortly make some announcements respecting the future movements of the ship. A short time since Mr. Yates, the secretary, wrote a letter, by order of the board, stating that the Great Eastern would leave for New York on the 15th of October. It would be a most profitable time to the voyage; there are numbers of Americans in England and on the Continent who will return about that time, and there are eno r mo u s quantities of wheat and flour which have been purchased on the other side of the Atlantic, in anticipation of a bad harvest at home, which might make up a return freight for the ship. It is clear, however, that the Great Eastern cannot all probability, leav e with i n M t i h l f e o following l b o y wi t n h g at m d on at t e l:." °r' in THE GLASGOW GARIBALDI FUN D.—The Glasgow committee made the usual weekly remittance to London on Wednesday, and the contributions hitherto remitted to London from Glasgow and the west of Scotland amount to the sum of £2,450. GARIBALDI'S OFFICERS.—Vice Admiral Persano to whom General Garibaldi, on entering Naples. assigned the command of the Neapolitan fleet, is a brother-in-law of Mr. Huntley Bacon, ono of the Colchester magistrates. A nephew of Mr. Bacon, Lieut. Cigala, is aide-de-camp to General de la Rocca. the late Mr. Joseph Lccke, M.P. for Honitor, we r e removed THE LATE Mn. LOCKE, M.P.—Th e r e m ains of from Cranstoun's private hotel, where he died on Wednes day, the 19th inst. , at fiv e o clock. His body was enclosed in a wooden shell , a lead coffin, and an outer wooden cover. ' Previous to enclosure in this "narrow house," a post mor tem examination was made, and the local medical attend ants' opinion of the seat and cause of the disease was fully confirmed .by the state of the intestines, when they were investigated by Dr. Aitken, of London, Mr. Locke's own medical attendant. It seems that while out shooting on Saturday Mr. Locke had felt chilly, and had sat down for a while. No danger was dreaded, and up till Sunday evening, tho ug h com pl a i n ing of inconvenience, there was no id ea o f ill ness en t er t a i ne d. Th e condi tion of the body prdved that he must have borne much agony, and yet he remained sensible up till a very short period before his demise,--Glasgow Herald.