The Sun. — London, England, 1829-07-22 00:00:00

lions of his most faithful subjects to the knife, and he pike, and the burning barn—and in the sacrifice surrender half his crown. The Protestants of Ire arid will not be disarmed—they will not be left naked to their enemies.' Could the voice of Eng land prevail, the Protestants of Ireland would not be left to fight the battle by themselves. It is our attic no less than theirs; and would our Govern ment permit, as a Protestant Government would permit, hundreds of thousands of the invicti of this unconquered nation would throw themselves in the front of it." The moral of this is that the Protestants ought not to be devoted to the knife and the pike of the Catholics, but tilt: Catholics ought to be devoted to the. knife and the pike or musket of the Protestants. The Duke of Wel lington ought to know men neither as Catholics nor as Protestants, but as subjects of the King, and to give no man, whether Protestant or Ca tholic, the privilege of setting the law at defiance. It is quite obvious, however, that without mar tial law to curb and restrain the unruly, whether high or low (and the Magistrates require as much curbing as their inferiors), one irritation will only pave the way to another, till the people may be so far committed as ti) render it no easy matter to put them down. The opponents of Administration flatter themselves %lid' the idea that Ministers will not have nerve enough to adopt measures adequate to the emergency, and that they shall be able to charge all the blood shed which must flow from neglecting the present symptoms to the acrount of the recent change in our policy. 'Ministers should distrust all party men, and avail themselves as much as pos sible of the services of strangers to Ireland— wen accustomed to order and obedience, and ready to do prompt justice on transgressors, whether high or low, Protestants or Catholics. —Morning Chronicle. Dr,.s,outhey has found a congenial critic in the Quarterly Review, for July. A great part of the article would make a very suitable Appen dix to Cobbett's History of the Reformation; and if our opinion hare any influence at Rome, we would recommend to the Editor of the next edition to improve it by an addition judiciously selected from The Quarterly, in order - that the Catholic world may see what the English have lost by turning Protestants ;—" The ceremonial of the Roman Catholic Religion (says the Re v:ewer), like that of the Levitical law, had its use. It was ever corant poptdo ; its numerous :Saints flays—its gorgeous processions—its Cill cifixes—its statues—its rosaries—its places of pilgrimage—its monasteries, both in the city and the wilderness ; all these brought religion home to men, backed such as were religiously disposed by public opinion, served as visible acknowledg ments of an invisible world—the substantial con fessions of a nation's faith in things unseen. There was much in this liable to abuse, but there was much, too, that was holy and good ; and they who have travelled in foreign lands, and listened to the vesper-bell—the Ninth di Montano the paia giorno pianger ohe xi muore, l — regret that tasteless fanaticizm which swept away many sensible yet innocent incentives to devotion as abominations, and guarded effect tually against religious excess by substituting for it religious indifference. . . . Our churches arc now closed in the week-days, for we are too busy to repair to them ; our politicians crying MIL With Pharaoh, yc are idle, ye are idle ; therefore would ye go and do sacrifice to the Lord.' Our cathedrals, it is true, are still open ; but where are the worshippers ? Instead of en tering in, the citizen avails himself of the excel- lent clock which is usually attached to them, sets his watch, and hastens upon 'Change, where the congregation is numerous and punctual, and where the theological speculations are apt to run in Shyock's vein pretty exclusively. If a church will answer, then indeed a joint stock company springs up ; and a church is raised with as much alacrity, and upon the same principle, as a play-house. The day when the people brought their gifts is gone by ; the solid temples that heretofore were built as if not to be dis solved till doomsday, have been succeeded by these emaciated structures, bloated out by coats of flatulent plaster, and supported upon cast metal pegs, which the courtesy of the times calls pillars of the church. The painted windows, that admitted a dim religious light, have given place to the cheap house-pane and dapper green The with its florid reliefs and ,ipacious crater, nas dwindled into a miserable basin, Sermons have contracted with the build inns in which they arc delivered, consisting, like them, of less massive materials than formerly, and having for their title (if it is meant they should be taken) Short Discourses.' The Clerical distress has accommodated itself to the sermons. Virgil's motto for his heifer, omnia magna,' in all things reversed—the skull cap gone—the shovel hat b r , b oincr—the cassock, which almost in the memory of man lingered amongst a few ancients, shrunk into the unmeaning apron of the Bishop and Dean—the flowing bands, which it was heretofore the pride and pleasure o. many a Mrs. Primrose to adorn with needle woik, dwindled into two puny labels. All these are indications (many of them trifles indeed) that the age of forms is gone by, and of some thing better than forms, for they are the straws which point to the quarter from which the wind has been long setting in. To those who seek for other and graver signs, we would say, look at the number of Churches erected by the piety of our ancestors within the City of London, and compare them with those at the West End ; or take any town of mode' n growth, and contrast it in this particular with one of other times." However, there is one consolation, though the skull cap is c rne, and the shovel hats are going, our eyes are :401 blessed with the sight of these memorials of ' better and more pious days. Let us make much of the shovel hats while we have them. Again, let us hear the reviewer on our losses from the changes froth Popery. " Multitudes of the ac tually indigent drew their daily bread from those establishments (the Monasteries), and for the labouring peasantry there had been on the whole no landlords like the Monks. They received of the fruits, which was in those days a much more convenient mode of payment than money. They lived constantly among their people, strew ing where they had gathered. They had less temptation to prodigality than the nobles, and, therefore, less need to fleece their tenants in or der to maintain it. Then expenditure was on a scale the most liberal—fold for the indigent— employment for the able-bodied—a retreat for the aged dependents of every great family which was enrolled amonst their benefactors. Nor were there Wanting the upper classes who were deeply interested too. The Abbeys offered prizes worth the winning, even to men of rank ; and when trade and politics had not as yet pro vided au honourable field for 'the exertions of younger sons, a snug birth, L a a Laonastery might be found for them ; atteeded (by the way) with this advantage (as Mr. Southey.observes), that men of slender abilities were. there innocently, if r not usefully, employed ; whereas ) they may be now thrust into platts of some importance as public functionaries, to the great detriment of the interest of wiser heads over whom they are set ; and it might be added, too, as a second advantage of their monastic destiny (that accord ing to an expression of Johnson's), they would thus be prevented by the rules of their Order from propagating " Alas for the good old Catholic;times !—lbid. We insert a letter from Mr. Cobbett on the subject of some remarks in the Chronicle o. Saturday. The courtesy of the communicatior, will not surprise any one who is in the habit of reading Mr. Cobbett's writings, either in English or Greek, into which language, we rejoice to hear, a most useful publication, the Cottage Economy, has been translated, an honour that has not been done to any of Sir Walter Scott's books—which by the bye shows the good sense of the Greeks ; as cottages are of more import ance to a country than novels. We are glad to hear that matters between Mr. Cobbett and Mr. Staunton can be so satisfactorily . 'explained, though it is assuming a little too much to infer our affecting to believe that he received money from the Catholic Rent under a false pretence. In casting about fur the motives that could have induced Mr. C. to make a statement, without any foundation in ,fact, namely, that we had lately " been an advocate for Catholic Emanci pation," while in 1824 we were " its bitterest enemy," from which, he very charitably in ferred a conversion effected through the instru mentality of Mr. O'Connell, the Treasurer of the Catholic Rent, the imputed connection between himself and the Rent flashed across us, in this our embarrassment to account for such readiness to believe corruption in others ; we are little given to deal out accusations and charges of corruption against our cotemporaries, from an unwillingness to believe any man so egregious a fool as to place his reputation at the mercy of the rogues who would offer him money. We think when Mr. Staunton agreed to give Mr. Cobbett twenty pounds per month for leave to republish his Register—suggesting, however, that the money ought to come out of the Catholic Rent—Mr. Cobbett acted wisely in answering that with regard to the Rent, he had nothina and would have nothing to do, because it looked much better that it should be considered a trans action of business between him and Mr. Staun ton, than a contribution from the Rent. It was Mr. Cobbett's business to receive the money from Mr. Staunton on the best terms ; it was Mr. Staunton's business to know whence he was to obtain it. Mr. Cobbett says, " with regard to the cause of Reform, it must succeed. Precisely how it may be accotnplished, and what sort of re form it may be, I cannot tell ; but the people must be let loose in some way or other." We also be lieve that a Reform, some day or other, will take place ; but we are unable to discover any symptoms of its immediate approach. All we know is, that with regard to the character of the Reform, it is of infinite consequence that the people be prepared to make the most of cir cumitances when the crisis arrives. The better informed they are, the less likely they are to allow themselves to be abused by men who would employ them as instruments for improper ends. Information is at present making rapid strides among them ; and the longer Reform is delayed, the better will the people be able to understand the nature of the means necessary to secure them against misgovernment. Through out the Civil Wars, according to the most trust worthy authors, the great body of the people of England were the tools of their enemies.— Burke, writing to Earl Fitzwilliam, describes the English as essentially Tory ; and Bishop Wat son, in 1791, observes, in a letter to Dr. Per cival, that " the bulk of the people in England will admire Mr. Burke's principles, for they have a cast of Toryism in them." Church and King mobs have only departed with the generation. Things have for some tune worn a better aspect, and we have no fear for the future, because the good seed is sown, and must bring forth fruits. We are as friendly to Reform as Mr. Cobbett can be; only though much younger in years, we have the mis fortune to be much less sanguine in disposition. That man is happy over whose head nearly sevtn:y summers have passed, without taking from him any portion of his confidence or cre dulity. If, amidst all his changes of opinion, he embraces the last as cordially as he did the first, he may well dispense with the praise of superior sagacity. Though the History of the Protes tant Reformation be " Pigs' Meat," it is such meat as the pigs willingly eat, as is proved by the celebrity it has obtained, and its success with all the pigs, from the Pope downwards. However, we have no intention at present to enter on so wide a field as this. We shall conclude with assuring Mr. Cobbett (we shall not be tempted, by his example, to repeat his little monosyllable) that he states that which is not the truth, in saying that we ever wrote a line against Catho lic Emancipation. We may add, that we neither are, nor ever were admirers of the Catholic reli gion ; that we are no lovers of Catholic Priests ; and that the principal reason why we dislike too many Protestant Priests is that they are, both in their principles and practice, only too like Catholic Priests. There are some things in the Catholic religion that we should hesitate to condemn, from anything that has supplied their place among Protestants. if the Benedictines and some other Orders have a large portion of the wealth of some countries, they use it nobly in the en couragement of learning, which is more than can be said of Protestant Churches, which are sel dom distinguished for learning. Besides, it would be uncharitable to deny that the Catholic Church was admirably fitted for the preservation and diffusion of learning in the middle ages, however out of character it be now. But what- ever may be the qualities of the Catholic Priest hood, we should not think of looking to them for civil acid religious liberty, except perhaps in those instances in which the Catholic Church itself can only be defended through the principles of civil and religious liberty. In Spain, in Por tugal, in Italy, in France, the Priests are, with hardly an exception, the enemies of improve ment and independence ; and even an Irish priest, while he combats for the freedom of his oppressed countrymen at home, will be found, we suspect, to sympathise in other countries more with the enemies of improvement than with its friends.—lbid. We really pity the Lord Chancellor, the highest judicial functionary, that, with a mind necessarily occupied in weighty matters, he is doomed to have any part of his valuable time taken up in deciding where two schoolboys shall spend their holidays; and this not as a solitary instance, but whenever thefesti dies occur. The Duke of Wellington might as well be appealed to, to determine the colour of every excisetnan's mexpressibles ; or the Archbishop of Canterbury to say what the worshipful fraternity of Parish Clerks may cat for breakfast. It nt.t our dis position to turn serious matteni into ridicule ; on the contrary, we complain of it as an im proper mode of occupying the time of a High Court like that of Chancery, and calculated to throw an air of ridicule over its proceed ings, Bcsities, the wards in Chancery amount to some thousands, all of whom are entitled to the same minute attention as any one or two can be ; and let only the same nervous sensibility bring the cases of only one tenth of them before the Court in this shape, and we shall have the Lord Chancellor called upon presently to decide their holyday tasks, if not the patterns of the dolls, trap-balls, and other playthings, with which the little masters and misses are to while away the time ere they resume Cicero and Lindley Murray. It is said ' that " de nilnimis non carat lex"—that there are matters too small and trivial for even the law itself to take cognizance of; and surely the point in question is one. We say nothing of hardship to these children themselves of being thus, as it were, made a kind of judicial spec tacle of: That is not our concern ; what we complain of is, that the High Court of Chan cery should be compelled to be occupied in mat ters comparatively so low as these ; and that, while hundreds of subjects of a grave and weighty nature press themselves upon its atten tion, it should be compelled to listen to what are comparatively matters of no moment at all. —Morning Herald. LAW INTELLIGENCE. PREROGATIVE COURT, JULY 21. JOHNSON AGAINST WELLS. , The question in this case was, whether a will re gularly executed was revoked by a second marriage, and by the birth of issue by that marriage. Jacob Wells, the testator, died in November, 1828, leaving a widow, a daughter, and two sons, by a former marriage, and one son by the last marriage. The children were all minors. The daughter was illegi timate, having been born a few months before the deceased's marriage with her mother. The testator left personal property amounting to 6,5004, besides 2,150/. invested in the 3 per Cents., in the joint names of himself and his second wife, who would take it by survivorship, ,and a real estate of 6001., which went to his widow and her child, under the will of her father. In 1816 the deceased executed the will in question, whereby he left his property equally amongst his then three children, including the illegitimate daughter, and appointed his brother (since dead) and his brother-in-law (Mr. John Johnson), the party in the suit, executors. In May 1825, he married his second wife, and after this mar riage a son was born, who was two years of age at the time of the testator's death. The question was, whether this marriage and the birth of the child re voked the will of 1816. Dr. ADDAMS, for the widow, sought an intestacy, on the ground that it was a case of presumptive re vocation, which the evidence, so far from rebutting, strengthened. Sir JOHN NICLIOLL declined hearing the King's Advocate and Dr. Lushington on the other side. In the present case, the wife's fortune was so placed as to furnish a provision for herself, and through her for her child. Under these circumstances, it was clear, on principle and on authority, that the will of 1816, which had been preserved by the deceased, and im parted to his wife, was not by implication revoked ; and he must, therefore, pronounce for its force and validity. FLETCHER AGAINST LE BRETON. In this case the subject of dispute was the will of Mrs. Mary Ann Fletcher, which disposed of certain property reserved to her by a deed of settlement, in which Sir Thomas Harvey Farquhar (of the firm of Herries, Farquhar, and Co., bankers) and Sir Chas. Ogle were named trustees. In October, 1826, she married her surviving husband, Mr. Thomas Flet cher, and in November of that year a will was drawn up by desire of the deceased, in which she bequeath ed the residue of her property to her husband. In January, 1829, this will was brought to the bank ing-house of Berries, Farquhar, and Co. with the date altered to " January, 1829." On the 17th of April Sir Thomas Farquhar was sent for to the de ceased, and took down at her desire some bequests, amongst others, legacies of 500/. each to Miss Hes ter Le Breton and Miss Lucy Le Breton, to be paid out of the funds in her banker's hands. On ex amining her account, however, it was found that her balance was not more than 1301. Sir Thomas F.►r quhar, therefore, thought it better to draw up a fresh will, charging some leasehold property of the de ceased with the bequests. The will was read over to deceased, and executed by her in presence of two female servants. By this will the former was re voked, and the residue of the property was left to the Misses Le Breton, the deceased alleging that her husband had squandered her property. Dr. LustuNGToN, on behalf of Mr. Fletcher, the husband of the deceased, contended that the will had been drawn up by Sir Thomas Farquhar with out any instructions from the deceased, and that it was not what he professed to make it. Dr. PIIILLIMORE, for the residuary legatees, con tended that Sir Thomas Farquhar had acted with perfect good faith in the transaction. Sir JOHN Nicnou.., in giving sentence, observed that the case depended upon the credit of the wit nesses; if the two attesting witnesses were to be believed, Sir Thomas Farquhar had not given true testimony. That gentleman, however, was the banker and the trustee of the deceased, and I►ad no motive to bias him. On the whole, he was of opi nion that Sir Thomas Farquhar had stated the truth, and that the two witnesses had not given a correct account, and the statement of Sir Thomas Farquhar having satisfied the Court that the deceased was capable of making a will at the time, he was bound to give effect to the instrument propounded. ARCHES COURT, JULY 21. BEARBLOCK AND ANOTHER AGAINST MEAKINS. This was a tithe case, involving a question of some novelty and importance. The defendant is a farmer at Hornehurch, in Essex; the promoters of the suit are the lessees of the tithes in the parish, who have proceeded against the defendant for what is technically called subtraction of tithes, on account of the tithes of potatoes (a vast quantity of which are cultivated in the parish for the London market) not being set out in a legal manner. Dr. LUSIIINGTON, for the lessees, stated that the defendant, after sending a notice to the lessees of his intention, began to dig up his potatoes, and to set out the tithes of them in the following man ner :—He took them up in prittle baskets, as they were called, and upon every tenth basket being filled one was emptied out, and the remainder were conveyed to another part of the field to be sorted. This, he contended, was not a legal mode of setting out the tithes. It was not competent to any persou to take away nine-tenths of the prodnce without affording to the tithe-holder a reasonable time to see that his proportion was properly set out. With regard to the consequences of this mode, it would be necessary, according to the notice of the defers• daut, that a tithing-mail should be present on the field from half-past seven in the morning till six at night. The consequence of this practice would be, that the value of the tithes would be utterly de preciated. Dr. DODSON followed on the same side. The KING'S ADVOCATE, on behalf of the party proceeded against, agreed with Dr. Lushington that nothing precise could be found as laid down in re gard to the mode in which the tithes of potatoes should be set out ; the general principle was to be extracted from the diferent cases, which was, that t j h u e dg time ig differed the tithes should be so set out, that th e tithe-holder whether they might wereha v e rightly fair opportunity o o r u t i t ' . nity ßu otf according to the nature of the crop; wheat, hay, peas, and potatoes, each required a different spare of time to allow the clergyman to judge whether Lis proportion was right or• not. As to the quantity lie did not agt.ee that legal measure was the rule; it was sufficient in tho present case, if the ten baskets were of equal dimensions. It would be impossible to grow potatoes for the London market if the crop were to lay all day upon the field, liable to injury from the sun and air, which would deteriorate the July crop one-third or one•fourth. lie admitted that the tithe-holder did offer to attend twice a day, but this would not obviate the objection. The pre sent mode was calculated for mutual advantage, for it prevented the clergyman's crop from receiving damage as well as the farmer's. Mr. PICKARD followed on the same side. Sir JOHN NICIIOLL gave sentence. The question lay in a narrow compass. The law required that the tithe should be separated from the other nine parts, and that the tithe-holder should have an op portunity to see that the proportion was a fair one. The defendant in this case had given a notice to the tithe-holder that he shoal] begin digging his pc tatoes at half-past seven in the morning, and con tinue till six in the evening, and the mode was this : —he dug up ten baskets, threw out one as tithe, and carried the others to another part of the field, where they were sorted for market. In order that the tithe-holder might be able to judge of the fair ness of his proportion, it was necessary for him to have a tithing-man on the field all day. Now, it appeared, there were .50 farmers in this parish, who grew potatoes for the London market; and even supposing no combination among them, it was im possible for a tithe-holder to see that his tithes were fairly set out, without employing a great number of tithing-men. There was nothing in the principle of the tithe laws which established this as the legal mode of setting out tithes. It might be convenient for the farmer, but the convenience of both sides must be considered. The tithe-holder had offered to attend twice a day, but that was declined. On the ‘vhole, he was of opinion that the tithes were not legally set out, and therefore that Mr. Meakins had not paid them ; and he pronounced for 29/., the amount of them. Previous to the argument, the Learned JUDGE stated that he had received two letters respecting this suit, either from the parties or others interested in it; and he animadverted, in very severe terms, upon the gross impropriety of attempting to bias the judicial mind of the Court by this clandestine proceeding. As soon as he perceived the subject of . . the letters, he laid them aside unread. Both parties, by their Counsel, disclaimed any knowledge of these letters. The case, we under stand, is to be appealed into the High Court of Delegates. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, JuLy: 21. HEALD V. SMITH. This %vas an action brought to recover the amount of two promissory notes, the one drawn in November 1827, for 100/., the other, in March 15128, for 18/. The Jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff for the amount of the 1001.-note with interest. The amount of the other note had been paid into Court by the defendant. INDIA TRADE. Our readers are aware that a motion on the propriety of farther opening up the trade to India, was submitted lately to the Merchant Com pany by Mr. Madarlan, and now lies on their table. Some persons ask what interest the town of Edinburgh, which apart from Leith possesses no foreign trade, has in the subject ? Now, in any matter that affects its gene ral prosperity, Leith ought not to be separated from Edinburgh, any more than Poi tsburgh or the Canongate ; but a little reflection will spew, that not only the city in the aggregate, but every part and section of it, is injured by the present privileges of the Company ; and in one particu lar we may exhibit the loss it sustains in a tan• gible shape. We allude to the extra price paid for the article of tea, in consequence of the Com pany's monopoly. Nobody, we imagine, has any correct idea of the vast amount of the tax which a single town like ours pay to the Lords of Leadeuhall-street in this way. Edinburgh and Leith now contain about 160,000 inhabi tarts, all of whom infants at the breast excepted, may be considered as consumers of tea. Of 30,000,000 pounds of tea annually imported, fully 26,000,000 are sold in England and Scot land, which gives about two pounds for every man, woman, and child ; but when we separate the Highlanders, the Welsh, and the peasantry in the more distant districts, who use very little tea, we cannot estimate the quantity .consumed in a town like Edinburgh, abounding in wealthy people, at less than five pounds for each inhabi tant. This makes the annual consumption amount to 800,000 pounds, a small part of which is Bohea, and the rest Congou. Averaging the qualities used by different classes, we may take 4s. per pound, as the retail price of the one species, and ss. Gd. as that of the other. It will be seen from a table in our last, that what the poor labourer's wife pays 4s. for here, is retailed at Bremen for 13-id. ; and what costs respectable families 55., Gs., or 7s. in our own country, is sold at Lubeck and Bremen at prices varying from 14d. up to 22d.—Untaxed or lightly taxed tea, however, is a luxury for those who have never crusaded in long wars for glory and an ti• jacobin ism, and of course is not for us. But let us see how much of price and tax the Company make us pay more than we ought. The table alluded to shews that the wholesale price of Behea and Congou at Hamburg, is about 6d. and 9d., while in Lon don the Company, by the simple expedient of understocking the market, contrive to raise it up to ls. sk-d. and 2s. 4d. The duty on tea is 96 per cent., and is proportioned to the price, and . . consequently for every extra penny of price laid on by the Company, the Government acids another of tax. Wheil the tea sells at Is. 5d., the deity is is. 5i-d. more; but if sold at 6d., as it does at Hamburg, the ,duty would be. only 6d. Now the difference of price between London and Hamburg being 11d. on the Bohea, and ls. 7d. on the Congou, it follows that when the duty is added, the enhancement of cost to the consumer is ls. 10d. in the one case, and 3s.' 2d. in the other. The mean of the two is 2s. 6d. We inhabitants of Edinburgh therefore pay on an average 2s. 6d. more for every pound of tea we buy, than would be demanded from us if the Company's monopoly were abolished. We estimated the quantity consumed in the city (Lziith included) at 800,0001bs. yearly, and 2s. 6(1 per lb. on this quantity conies exact ly t o 100,01101. Startling as the result is, we believe it to be correct. We may assert then on good grounds, that the inhabitants of Edinburgh are subjected to an annual tax of one hundred thousand pounds, in consequence of the East s monopoly ! H ave we not, mlany interest in the enti re o p en i n g of the thenlndiad an i India t Con rade ? From facts communicated to us by a friend , we know that in a genteel family of five grown up persons (exclusive of servants) the consump tion of tea is about a pound per•week, or 52 p o unds per annum. The ki n d gene r a lly used is Congou, and the extra price and tax together being 3s. 2d. per lb. it follows that the Com pauy s monopoly imposes a - tax of rather more than eight pounds sterling per annum on such a f a mily! Who can say that the middling and upper classes will not be benefitted by throwing Open the India trade ? We have not space to enter into the other topics connected with this subject—the reduc tion in the price of indigo, sugar, silk, and other India products, which would save money less or more to our pockets, nor of the indirect advant age which our city would derive from the stimu lus given to industry generally by the additional market opened up for our manufactures in the Last. All this will readily suggest itself to any person who reflects a little on the subject.— Scotsman. HABITS OF THE RAVEN. The raven (corvus corns), is a rare bird in ;he eastern and more cultivated parts of Scot.- land, but in the Highlands, and especially in the Hebrides, is of very common occurrence. It there builds its nest in inaccessible rocks early in March, and protects it against all intruders with great courage. If au eagle happens to come in sight, the raven is sure to be after him ; and, al though it does not actually pounce upon its for midable antagonist, it so harasses him by attempts to peck at him, that the latter, less agile and courageous, is glad to get out of the way as fast as possible. For this reason, ravens are never destroyed on sheep farms, as they are sure to keep off all the eagles from their neighbourhood. At the same time, they never molest the rock pigeons and cormorants that nestle in the same rocks. The food of the raven is carrion of all kinds, shell-fish, insects, grubs, and grain. In autumn they sometimes do considerable damage to the barley. It is truly surprising to see with what rapidity ravens congregate from all parts of a district when a carcase occurs. In a district there may perhaps be a family half a mile from the spot, another half a mile farther off; and so on. A few minutes perhaps after the sheep has fallen, or the fish has been cast ashore, a solitary raven makes his appearance. In a few minutes more another comes, another and another ; and if the carcase be that of a'large animal, scores of them may be seen about it. When a whale or a grampus is cast ashore, hundreds of ravens col lect from all quarters, and on such occasions visitants arrive that have probably travelled a hundred miles. When a raven falls upon a dead animal, the first thing he does is to light near it, and inspect it curiously, first turning one side of his head to it and then the other. He then hops a little nearer ; stops and looks at it•; then a little nearer ; and at length mounts twon it. H e then picks out the eyes. The next part that he falls to, if it be a quadruped, is what anatomists call the perineum. He then bores it to the ab domen, and drags out the intestines. In the meantime he has got helpers in plenty, and the flesh quickly disappears. About a whale they remain for many weeks, and the last putrid morsel seems as savoury as the first, for all is picked to the bare bones.—Edinburgh Literary Gazette. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. LONDON MARKETS. (From the London New Price Current of yesterday.) SUGARS.—The demand for Muscovades list week was apparently languid, but the buyers took off privately much larger parcels than what generally transpired ; they were estimated to exceed 2,800 hhds. and trs. The stock of West India Muscovades is 6,251 hhds. and trs. more than last year. The weekly deliveries continue to be much less than those of 1828 ; last week 2,992 hhds. asd tre., being 859 less than during tl-e corresponding week of last year. At the close of the Market the estimated purchases this day, including the Barbadoes public sale, were 1,000 Marls. and trs. The Refined Market was very dull last week, and as there was a small accumulation of good, several of the holders pressed sales by submitting to prices a shade lower, but generally the trade was without variation, and the de • mand limited. There is no alteration in the Refined Market this afternoon ; some low Lumps sold at 735. EAST INDIA SUGAR.—There were few purchases by private contract last week. The public sale on Friday, 7,318 bags Mauritius of a very bad quality; they went off heavily at prices ls. a 2s. under. any previous sale. By public sale this day 6,204 bags Mauritius Sugar, of a better quality than the sale last week ; the whole sold freely, the brown at full prices, the strong grey a shade hither, yellow 6d. to Is. lower. FOREIGN SUGARS.—The purchases were extensive by p iea'e coot , a , . t last week ; 1,000 chests White at an aver a:4e of 48s. ; 300 Pernams formerly taken in at public sale were disposed of, sound brown and yellow at 205., damaged at 175., sound white low to middling 305., da- waged 245. FRUIT.—The Fruit at Market is held with more firm ness; there are now no parcels of Cephalonia Currants offering at 77e. TOBACCO.—There are cargoes of Tobacco offering, brit no sake have yet been reported. A parcel of 50 Maryland is reported to be sold for Portugal. INnrco.—The East India sale of Indigo went off steadily at nearly the first day's price till the Indigo of the East India Company was put up, when there was a great inci ease in the demand, the buyers having paid particular attention to the latter, anticipating that it would be pe remptorily sold ; the prices were also a shade higher. There his been a thin attendance of country buyers, but the orders for export were believed to be of some extent. At the close of this day 5,200 chests have passed the sale : only 800 to be sold ; it will close to-morrow. The sale latterly has been at higher prices than at the commence- . ment, owing in some measure to the quantity bought in by the proprietors; yesterday, and this day particularly, a large proportion has been taken in. The Bengal is at last sale's prices to sd. discount ; Madras at 6d. discount, and Oude at last sale's prices. The 250 Berens Guatemala In digo sold to-day 4d. above last sale's prices. COFFEE.—The public sales last week consisted of about 8(40 casks, 200 bags British Plantation, 3,161 bags East India; the Jamaica from fine ordinary to ordinary mid • filing sold at a reduction of Is. a 25., but were taken in large parcels for export and on speculation, all other de scriptions sold at full market prices and with more spirit ; Dominica and Demerara went off with some briskness at former prices ; the Ceylon Coffee sold 325. 6(1., being a shade lower ; the Cherihon at 345. 6d. being full market rates. Several considerable parcels were taken off by pri vate contract, when the buyers could purchase a shade under the market rates. By public sale this forenoon' 424 casks and bags British Plantation ; 533 hags Foreign, the latter consisted of St. Domingo and Havannah de scriptions ; the Havannah good ord. small brown berry sold 345. and 345. 6d., good ordinary St. Domingo taken in at 34e. ; the British PlantatiOn was chiefly good Jamaica, which sold freely at full market rates. The - Coffee Market • is steady. RUM, BRANDT, AND HOLLANDS.-The contract with Government, of which we gave the particulars last Tues day,,has had an unfavourable effect on the market, on ac count of the low prices which it was contracted at ; the sales since are 240 puns. Leeward proofs at Is. 10d., and parcels free on board at is. I ld. a Is. llid. ; several parcels of strong Jamaica, 28 a 32 over, sold 2s. I Id. a 3s. 2d. In Brandy or Geneva there was no alteration. At a late hour some under-proof Leewards sold at ls. 9d. HEMP, FLAX, AND TALLOW.—The 'Dillow Market is rather more firm, and the prices are a shade higher, owing in some measure to the advance at St. Petersburgh; in Hemp or Flax there is no material alteration. The letters from St. Petersburgh of the Bth inst. state the Exchange 10/3-d. Sales of Tallow 4,000 at 100 rubles, and 400 at 101 rubles. CORN.-The weather was very bad the latter end of last week, and caused some alarm for the wheat crop, and we had a good many country buyers here yesterday ; but the day being very fine, much less business was done than was expected. Of English Wheat there was very little here; fine qualities of Foreign obtained 2s. a 35., and in ferior parcels Is. a 25., advance upon last Monday's cur rency. Barley is very scarce ) and being wanted.for ship ping, was Is. dearer. The Oat trade was very heavy ; the supplies are large, and sales very sloiv, at about last Monday's prices. Beans, in con-equence of bad reports or the crop, were inquired for, at Is. per quarter advance. In Peas no alteration. Foreign Flour in barrels is Is. dearer., . Trefoil has Leen a brisk sale, at an advance of Ss. per cwt. White Clover is also in demand, and truck be noted 2s. per cwt. higher. Red fully supports pricks. ASH es. —At public sale the hest Pearl Ashes 501 d at 325. ; Puts at 30s. SEA I. SK INS. —About 180,000 Seal Skins have latell been sold 20s. a 345. 3d. partly from the United State' and partly from the Falkland Islands, the latter from an outport. Hors.—The accounts from the Hop plantations state. that there are new and strong shoots of Hops, but the ver min increase and follow them ; the duty, which had 0- vanced to 35,000/. has again fallen to 32,0001. In the, prices of Hods there is little variation since Tuesday last. On.s.—Oils are little varied—Rape Oil rather higher. CorroN.—Sales last week : 130 Surat, Sid. 'a 41d•i 170 Bengal, 4id. a 41 , 1. ; 20 Peru, 7d. ; 320 Egyp t ' 6,1 d. ; 40 Orleans, 6 1. ; 30 Bowed, 5-id. RicE.—There is rather more demand for Rice, and the prices are a shade higher; 1,034 bags Madagascar Rhg . sold 7s. 6 , 1. a Bs. 6d. IRISH PitovistoNs.—ln Irish Provisions there are TO alterations woi th reporting. The arrivals of Butter are 3,414 fil kins Irish, 5,175 casks Foreign ; of Bacon 2,165 bales. TEA.—The same languor prevails in the Market w hich, we lately noticed, and the operations are extremely limited. Woor..—By public sale on Friday 242 bales New South, Wales Wool sd. to 2s. lii. per lb. ; 79 bales Cape Wool. 7d. a Is. IP. per lb. ; 10 bales German Fleeces Is. 7 ,11 , a 2s. ; 262 hales withdrawn, owing to detention on boar d ship. By public sale on Saturday 177 hues Russia W„ t d 24 d. a 44 d. ; six bales German Wool Is. 2.id. a Is. 34 -11 .; 13 hales Foreign Wool 3d. a Sd. ; 525 bales New S;;0 1 . 11 Wales Wool sd. a Is. Sd. The whole sold with anima' tion and at higher prices than anticipated, owing to the - low Wools of Germany havieg been purchased for the Netherland manufacturers. cOUNTRY CORN MARKETS DUIUNG 'IIIK WEEK., • Wheat. 1 Barley. I Oats. I Beam. Per Quarter. a. to s. a. to s. a. to a. a. to s. Boston —5 A 17 Gainaborough 6t 20 38 Grztntliain (50 68 32 35 21 31 34; 40 Grinasby . 54 64 26 32 21; 26 30 40 lloriteastle . 6',1 66 26 30 13 24 38 4 0 Lincoln 61 65 24 26 40 Spilsbv 5B 60 28 20 18 24 36 42 5tamf0rd.,._...,,,....,, 63 70 32 35 15 26 33 43 • York— 66 74 32 38 20 28 38 49 NORWICH. July 18. During the week we have had showery weather, and yesterday and to-day the rain has been heavy ; 'indepen dent of which the growing crops of Wheat are altered in appearance for the worse: these circumstances have giien,, an impulse to the trade, which is 3s. to 4s. per quarter dearer than last week, and finished briskly. B e ans are 2s. per quarter higher, but we observe little alteration in the prices of other Grain. Flour is advanced 2s. to S per sack. Wheat ,Cr qr.) COs. CSs. 735. I Beans (per qr.)......... 37g. 40s. Barley Oats 2l)s. 2fis. 28s. Flour, fine (per sack) 525. 555, CANTERBURY, July 18. The Pupplies of all kinds of Grain were short, and having had much rain during the week, numerous buyers appeared. Wheats sold freely at an advance of 2s. per quarter generally. Barley and Oats without alteration• Beans were to 2s. per quarter dearer. Our farmers complain of their Wheats being much laid, and deficient in quantity. Wheat, white O. to ;25....... Old —s. to red Barley, Malting 32s. to 365. Oats Beans 325. to 31s. I'case 32s. to 33s Grey 32s. to 355. EXETER MARKE I S.—July 17. Beef (score) Os. t l / 4 1. 9, 6(1. Wheat (bush e1)...95. 9d. 10s. 6d. Mutton (lb.) 0 s—o 51 Barley 4 6 —.5 0 Ve.tl and , antb....o s—o 6 Oats 3 6—3 9 Pork 0 s—o 6 Beans 6 o—6 6 Turkey= (ea, li) ....0 o—o 0 B tter (Ib) 0 9—o 10 Ducks (ct up e) ~..3 6—l 6 Eggs (lb) 0 o—l 0 1 , ,, , v' 8 . 9 o—4 0 Potatoes (pe. k) 1 4—l 6_ CIIESTKR.—Wheat, per 751 b. lOs. Od. to lOs. :3d.; Bat 1ey,38 qrtg• ss. &I. to ss. 6d.. Oats, 491 b. :3s. 3d. to 4s. Od. NANTIVICIL—Wheat, per 751 b. Hs. Od. to I Is. 3d. ; Barley. 39 grts. ss. tkl. to Gs. Od.; Oats, 50b. 4s. Od. to 4s. 3d. GLASGOW MARKETS. (From the Glasgow Herald of Monday.) The demand for Raw SUGARS has been steady this, week ; the sales amount to 1000 hhds. and tierces ;" prices of Demeraras and Trinidads are without alteration, and,: Jamaicas brought very HI prices. The transactions in COFFEE are limited to 20 bags of fine ordinary Demerara at 495. N sales made in GINGER or PIMENTO. Forty puncheons of Jamaica Rum were sold at 3s. 2d.t. and 16 hhds. at 3s. 6d. for 16 U.P. A small lot of De' merara Rum sold at 23d. fur 4 and 5 O.P. • The demand for COTTON has been limited, and last . . week's prices barely supported : the sales are 605 packages► the particulars of which are, 10 Sea bland at 1 I id. 1 ; 6 Stained do. at 71d. ;16 Bowed do. at Sd. ; 8 inferior do. at 6d. ; 364 Bowed Georgia, at 5 1 34. a 60..9 a few at bad.; 72 Orleans, at 6,14. a 6±d. ; 103 Egyptian. at 6id. a Sid. ; 13 Demerara, at 1-0. ; 4 Surat, at 3i-d. a 441. In DYEWOODS there has been nothing done; prices 'ire without alteration. For ASHES there has been a better demand; 110 brl Pots of the recent importation have been sold at 345, and 104 brls. Pearls at 33k. 6d., and 80 brls; Pearls, 1828► at same rate. No sales making in TOBACCO. Y. C. TALLow is seeing in small parcels at 39s 6d. a4os• Ftsu Otis find a limited sale; Whale, 221. 10s. ; Cod, 22/. ; and Pale Seal, 231. a 231. 10s. per tun old measure. The arrivals of Grain this week have been on a limited scale, and principally of Wheat from the Baltic and Oats from Ireland. The weather still continues unsettled.. The sales made in Wheat have not been extensive, the holders however are very firm in their demands for prime qualities, for which rather higher prices are required. Oats have not sold freely, and prices are barely supported. Barley has been in fair request at last wee4'a rates. Beat? and Pease dull at former prices. . BRITISH EXPORTS. . . STATEMENT OF TILE QUANTITIES OF 711 E UNDERMENTIONED ARV , CLES OF BRITISH MANUFACTURE EXPORTED PROM LIVERPOOI? FROM JULY' 10 TO 17 INCLUSIVE. Pieces. Yards: Ells. Cotton 132;706 1,410,053 Sail Cloth Linen 529 108,104 1)0%; Blanketir.g Carpeting 4,917 Worsted Hose' • • ....., Kerseprneres — Cotton Handkerchiefs 4 50 tlannel --- Cotton Braces . ....•••• Ends. Hats Woollen Stull ..3,151 Hardware ..£18,1, 1 ° Worsted StrAtt's..:,B9o Earthenware X3,u , ' Calicoes Salt White ...... Bushels 179,8 10 Baize 583 • alt Rock 16,0 40 Inf. W0011en5...3,50 4 1,664 Tons. Cwt. Chat. Cotton Thread 11 ,1 , 631 b. 'Coal ' 1180 0 •9' Cotton Yarn ... 662 £36 Iron CATTLE. AN ACCOUNT OF CATTLE IMPORTED INTO LIVERPOOL FROM JULY 13 TO 18, BOTH DAYS INCLUDEE. Cows. Calves. 1 Sheep. 1 Pigs. 1 Horses. 1 Mules. 651 1 649 1 4659 1 3086 1 11 1 0 COTTON WOOL. LIST OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS. DI MATED. Same pc. This riod last year. year. Bags, &c. Bags, &c. 472,202 401,361 50,896 42,016' 211 26,619 1829 Liverpool London Ix roitTED. Glasgow , 22,211 ' Total exported in IL Same pet iod IS2B Previoo - . ly thie f : year. Bags, &c. 411 1,183 Bags. 8 21.72 2 32,30 231 • 55,946. 37,410. BIRTHS. On the 21st inst. in Charterhouse-square, the lady of ' the Rev. A. Irvine, of a daughter. On thil9th inst. in Red Lion-square, the lady of V. Mann% jun. Esq. of Eppleton, in theeounty of Durbasl. of a son and heir. MARRIED. On the 21st inst. by special licence, at the Marquis . Wellesley's, Regent's Park, S:r Richard 'Hunter to Alisf Dulany, of Brighton. By licence, at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Frances S it ' smnah, only (laughter of the late R. Simmons,' of Ole, Strand, to Mr. J. Redaway, of the same place. " On the 21st inst. at Amwell, Herts, the Rev. C. Tur , ner, of Lambeth, to Catherine Ann, second daughter 0t G. Cathrow, Esq. of Hoddesdon, Herts. On the 21st inst. at Hampstead, Sydenham Maltintot Esq. of Albury, to Mary Anne, eldest daughter of the Rev. Samuel White, D.D.,. Incumbent of the. Parisht, Rector of Brightwell, Oxon, and Chaplain to the Lor d Comberinere. c B cult' SE( vith 166 few 'viii tid e nie4 Ed g i C to ui tt , 114,1 i Dit fe e , oda DIED. On the 15th inst. of a decline, at Teignmouth, tt the age of 20 years, Geotgiana the youngest daughter o f William Gilchrist, Esq. of Antigua. On the 21st. Charles Robinson, the infant son of ME' Peirce, of Bartholomew-doe. At Camberwell, on the 19th inst. Rhoda, wife of Mr' W. Acton, aged 90. On the 20th inst. at Lewisham, Richard Waring, E'4' aged '79 years. Pa!rill 'and PUBLISHED by MURDO YOUNG, at the y OFTICE, 119, sTAAND,)tortict.