The Sun. — London, England, 1860-04-26 00:00:00

THEI SUN, LONDON, iTHURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 9 26, 1860 BENSON'S WATC H E S. " Perfection of mechanism."--Morning Post. Gold Silver 2to 50 guineas. send '2 stamps for Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descr*p tive of every construction of watch now made, with their prices Watches sent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for ss. extra. 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, E.C. Established 1749. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, will be performed THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. C. Mathews, Buckstone, Compton, Chip pendale, Mrs. C. Mathews, Miss Weekes, and Mrs. Wilkins. After which, a new fairy romance, THE PILGRIM OF OVE. And THE BOARDING SCHOOL. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, to commence with MY WIFE'S OUT. Mr. Widdicomb and Miss L. Keeley. Followed by THE FOOL'S REVENGE. Bertuccio, a Jester, Mr. Phelps. To conclude with the extravacranza of THE SYLPHIDE. Miss C. Leclercq, Miss Louise Keeley, Miss Helen Howard, Miss Rose Leclercq, Mr. Shore, Mr. Saker, and Mr. Frank Matthews, Commence at 7. A DELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. Sole rronrietor and Manager. Mr. Beni. Webster. THIS EVENING, the popular original Adelphi drama of THE DEAD HEART. Robert Landry, Mr. B. Webster; Messrs. P. Bedford, J. L. Toole, David Fisher, Stuart, C. J. Smith, Killington, Eburne, Powell, Romer, Page; MissWool gar, Miss K. Kelly, Miss Laidlaw. After which the Grand Fairy Extravaganza, THE FAIR ONE WITH THE GOLDEN LOCKS. King Lachrymoso, Mr. J. L. Toole ; Count Pleniposo, Mr. P. Bedford ; Viscount Verysoso, Mr. C. J. Smith ; Graceful, Miss Woolgar ; Queen Lucidora, Miss Emily Thorne ; 3lollmopsa, Miss K. Kelly. Box-office open from 10 till 5. Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes, £l. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, 3s. ; Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d. Engagement for a limited number of nights of MisaJULIA DALY, the celebrated American Actress. Mr. LEIGH MURRAY is engaged, and will shortly appear in a favourite Drama. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. ROYAL LY CEUM THEATRE.- Under the management of Mr. Wm Brough. THIS EVENING, a new comic drama entitled NEXT OF KIN. Messrs. Emery, S. Calhaem, Tilbury, &c. ; Mesdames E. Travers and K. Saxon. Ai ter which, the burlesque of THE FORTY TIIIEVES. Miss LyPa Thompson, Miss Clara St. Caese, Miss E.Travers, Miss K. Saxon, Mrs. Wallis ; Messrs. Emery, Tilbury, &C. ; and a numerous Corps de Balet. Followed by WHITEBAIT AT GREENWICH. Sir W. Don. • To conclude with TILE MIDDY ASHORE. Miss Lydia Thompson. Commence at 7. OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, -IL-t King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. Directress, Miss Wyndham. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and Westminster, the Park being open to Carriages and foot passengers all hours of the night. THIS EVENING tha, performances will etommencn with a new and original comedy, entitled A FRIEND IN NEED. 1 0 Robinson, C. Young, &c. Mier which, A LADY AND GENTLEMAN IN A PE CULIAR PERPLEXING PREDICAMENT. Mr. Charles Yount and Miss Wyndham. - Followed by a new burlesque, LUC REZIA BORGIA AT HOME AND ALL ABROAD. Mesdames Wyndham, E. Scott, Cecilia Ranoe, Miss Clara Morgan, and the Corps de Ballet. Reduced Prices—Gallery, M ; Pit, ls. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at half-past six; perform ante commences at 7. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- _ Prpprictor, yr. WM. BATTY. Sole Manager, Mr. EDWIN HUGHES. The New Management, in announcing the Triumphant Success of the Re-opening of this Popular Theatre, have the utmost satisfaction in stating they but re-echo the senti ments expressed by the entire Press and the Public nightly, that the NEW GREAT MILITARY SPECTACLE, with its unprecedeutedly magnificent scenery and effects, splendid and appropriate costumes aad appointments, and grand mis-en scene, is the most perfect and imposing hippo-drama ever produced. The renowned Continental and British Eques trian Artistes are also "received each evening with the un bounded approbation of astonished and delighted audiences. The novel and elegant arrangement and conducting of the Acena give the most complete satisfaction ; and with the truly gorgeous decorations render the evening's amusement in this far-famed Establishment one of the most varied, brilliant, and recherche in this great metropolis. THIS EVENING, and during the Week, To commence with the Great Military Spectacle, in Four Acts entitled "THE HISTORY OF A To be suc ceeded by an inimitable rontine of Equestrian Achievements in the Scenes of the Arena, supported by a host of Star Riders of the day, and Last Nights of the Wonder of the World, Jonathan Jack. Doors open at half-past 6 o'clock, performance commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. CONCERTS.- CANTERBURY HALL THIS EVENING. C. H. GOUNOD'S OPERA, FAUST: First Time in this Country. Faust Mr. Henry Herbert. Mephistopheles Mr. C. Bernard. Siobel Mrs. Anderson. Marguerite Conductor Mr. Jonghmans. And selections from Dinorah, Trovatore, Macbeth, and numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, is, Hall, Ed. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Holson (the Irish Come Alan and Mimic), W. T. Crltchfield, and E. W. Hackney. Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts Gallery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and beautified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant sights of the metropolis. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.--SUN OFFICE, APRIL 26, 1560. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHAM 52—highest since noon yesterday. 41—lowest this morning and during the night. 49—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.18, rising. WIND, N.E. ; moderate, with dull, cold, cloudy weathor. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tuts DAX.—Morning, 4h. 29m.—Afternoon, sh. 9m, To-mounow.-Morning, sh. 32m.—Afternoon, 15h. 57m 11, P yrr W. • I • *e • ' )p, t - THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 26, 1860. The public have now in their possession a most important financial document, printed by order of the House of Commons. We refer to the " Copy of all Correspondence relating to the establishment 1 of a Parer Currency iu India ; and of a minute from the Right Honourable JAMES WILSON, re specting a gold or double standard." It is, we think, almost impossible to over-esti mate the i'afluence which the plan developed in this paper will probably exercise over the destinies of the one hundred and eighty millions of our fellow subjects in British India. It is in itself a matter of congratulation that the project of a Paper Currency for India is entertained by Government. 01:e sows and anotherreaps. A generation of reformers pass away, and the next enter into the fruits of their labours. So it has ever been. G.tLILEO is forced to recant his heretical astronomy, but the world keeps moving on, and by and bye his philosophy is in the ascendant. So it is with Currency Reform. " In all civilised nations," said Lord LIVERPOOL from whom PEEL borrowed his bullionist theories, " Money has been made either of gold, silver, o topper ;" though eve:a he was forced to admit that " paper credit was absolutely necessary in carrying on the trade of a great commercial kingdom." A purely metallic currency was PEEL'S idol. India possesses a purely metallic (silver) currency, and now we have the bullionist Sir Cl/ARLES WOOD affirming that "Her MAJESTY'S Government enter tain no doubt of the advantage that might be de rived from the establishing of a well-regulated paper currency in India." Then Lord LIVERPOOL objected to small bank notes : " The sort of Paper Currency," he said, " to which I principally object is that which interferes with the use of the coins of the realm, more espe cially in the Payment of labourers and artificers, of the soldier and the sailor, and in the smaller branches of the retail trade of the Kingdom." his objections were too futile to entitle them to exami nation, but PEEL, in his ignorant prejudice agai ns t small notes, suppressed those for £1 in England, in 1826, and would have done the same in Scotland had not the resolute opposition of the p eop l e, so ably expressed by Sir WALTER SCOTT in his Ma/ayrozother letters, prevented him. B at in 1860, new light has dawned upon the bullionists. Lord LIVERPOOL objected to a Paper Currency of small notes, as " interfering with the use of the coins of the realm;" but Mr. WILSON, in direct opposition to his lordship's views, says in his minute, •" the great means of economising coins is by the issue of bank notes, payable to bearer for small sums, uniform in amount, and suited to the daily wants of a popula tion in relation to the character of their dealings." And, as " in India the chief peculiarity of monetary transactions is their extreme number, and their minute character," he proposes notes of as low a denomination as ten shillings, and would evidently not object to have them of even a lower amount. Sir C. WOOD thinks that notes of the denomina tions suggested namely, ten shillings, one pound, two pounds, five pounds, ten pounds, and fifty pounds—" are well adapted to the wants of the Indian community." No wonder that Lord OVER STONE denounces the evil influence which, he says, pervades our counsels in India. We observe, in passing, that The Sun has uniformly advocated the issue of small notes ; and now will any bullionist tell us why £1 and £2 notes, which are so useful and advantageous in Scotland and Ireland, and so " well adapted" for India, should not be employed for " economising the coins" in the " extreme number" of small trans actions which take place daily in England ? So far, then, as the introduction of a Paper Currency into India, and the issue of notes of small denominations is concerned, we look upon Mr. WILSON'S project as deserving of approval. Nor are we disposed to cavil at the machinery by which Mr. WILsoN proposes to carry out his plans. Mr. WILSON has had every opportunity of consulting those who, from long residence in India, are best acquainted with the peculiar circum stances of the country, the disposition of the people, and the requirements of trade and commerce. The Government of India, as Mr. WILSON tells us, possesses facilities greater than any other Go vernment in the world for establishing and con ducting the circulation of paper money. No bank could do it so well. The Government has agencies in every part of India, however remote. Through these agencies the national revenues are collected, the troops are paid, stores are purchased, and dis bursements for public works are made. Paper money for India should, therefore, he thinks, be issued by Government. Mr. WILSON would ap point Currency Commissioners to manage the whole of the details. These Currency Commissioners would do exactly what the Issue Department of the Bank of England does—that is, they would issue notes for bullion and coins, and give coin for notes, and exchange notes of one denomination for those of another. The commissioners are not to act in any way as bankers. The establishment of a Bank of India, resembling the Banking Department of the Bank of England, is reserved for future considera- tion. Joint-stock Banks already exist, but no banks of issue are to be allowed. We now come to the consideration of what is infinitely the most important part of the question— namely, the principle upon which the paper cur rency of India is to be issued. Mr. WILSON is in principle a bullionist. lle raves about convertibility, and his grand object ie to endeavour to make a mixed circulation of paper and coin fluctuate in quantity exactly as a purely metallic currency would do. This, we may observe as we go on, is quite impos sible. Paper currency, restrict and cripple it as you may, has a natural tendency to call bills of exchange and cheques into existence, and to ex pand paper credit to the extent required by the trade and commerce of a country. Hence its bene ficial influence. It is as superior to a metallic cur rency as a railway is to a common road. Mr. WiLsoN, however, imagines that he can make paper currency fluctuate as metallic currency would do, and being a Tookite, as well as a bullionist, he propounds the plan that coin should be held by the Currency Commissioners to the amount of, at least, one-third of the notes put into circulation, and that for the remainder of their issues they shall hold Government securities. By these means, Mr. WILSON thinks that " a natural and self-acting limit is placed upon the amount of the circulation, a limit which would expand and con tract according to the wants of the community, in the same manner and to the same extent as a purely silver cutrency would do." Now, we hold that one of the advantages of a sound paper currency is that it does not contract or expand as a purely metallic currency does. Lord LIVERP 00L said that money made of a material sub ject to variations in value—as gold or silver is—is imperfect as a measure of value ; and this imper fection, he said, " is so inherent in the very subject that it does not admit of a remedy." But there is also this greater evil inherent in a metallic cur rency, namely, that such currency being a commo• dity and liable itself to fluctuations in value is also liable to exportation ; liable to be withdrawn from any country in its character of a commodity, and so to cease to discharge its function as money. If we could, therefore, make a currency composed partly of paper and partly of metal fluctuate exactly as a metallic currency would do, we should merely reduce the paper currency to the imperfect condi tion of a metallic currency, and give effect to the inherent evil of metallic currency which " does not admit of a remedy." But the experience of England, since 1819, has fully proved the impossi bility of making a mixed currency of paper and metal fluctuate as a metallic currency would do. The panics of 1825, 1847, and 1857, all caused by the attempt to do this, have brought the country to the very verge of ruin ; and, after all, the principle of controvertibility on which this theoretical advan tage of assimulating paper currency to metallic cur rency is based, has not been maintained. The bullionist system has proved itself " a fair weather system," and has consequently broken down in the hour of trial. Mr. WILSON'S system is based on the bullionist theory or absolute con vertibility, and would break down, as has been the case in England, in the hour of trial. The plan proposed by Mr. WILSON, however, is not, it seems, to have its hour of trial. Sir C. WOOD f inor re gulating his despatch declares that " the s ound p the issue of a paper circulation is that which was enforced on the Bank of England in 1844." He lays it down, therefore, that a fixed sum is to be held in Government securities, as is the case with the Issue Department of the Bank of Eng land, and that " all notes beyond this amount are to be issued only in exchange for coin or bullion, which will be held_ in reserve by the Currency Commissioners." We do not hesitate a moment to pronounce that this currency project is an attempt to innoculate British India with the pernicious andself-condemned system established in England by Peers Bill of 1819 and 1844. The system which we should advocate is that of a paper currency issued by Government in pay ment of officials, troops, and all expenses, made legal tender for all debts, and receivable by Go vernment for all tixes and dues. We see no reason whatever why this currency should not be made of as low a denomination as a rupee. Its convertibility would take care of itself, for by keeping it: within the limits of the taxation annually payable to the Government it would be preserved from any undue depreciation. We say undue dept eciation, for under such a system the resources of British India, would be speedily and effectually developed, a large amount of taxes might be raised without inconve nience, the producer would add the fair amount of taxation to the natural value of the article pro duced, and as a consequence the price of all com modities would rise, and the price of silver would also probably rise to some extent. The substitu tion of paper money for silver rupees would, how ever, gradually demonetise silver ; it would be thrown on the bullion market, and this would check the rise of its price in the legal tender paper. But whatever rise took place in the price of silver, no harm could result. No harm whatever resulted from the rise in the price of gold in this country from 1797 to 1816. Our paper currency then furnished a circulating medium for tome use, and the precious metals, restored to their proper place as articles of commerce, were left at liberty for foreign barter. We give both Mr. WILSON and Sir C. WOOD credit for the intention to give their experiment in India every advantage which caution and prudence can suggest. It would require caution and prudence to introduce the sound, practical system which we advocate, but with ordinary good management the resources of India might, under this system, be developed to an extent and with a rapidity of which few had a conception, and the monster evil of our times, Monetary Panic, might be entirely obviated. We do not , lecide between the relative evils of the system of Mr. WILSON and that of PEEL'S bills. Both are bad. Either will produce bad and ruinous results. The future of British India under Mr. WILSON'S new currency system will, probably, be this. Paper money carefully managed will, at first, effect great good. More land will be brought into cultivation, and that which is under cultiva tion will be rapidly improved. Trade and commerce will be developed with extraordinary energy. Manufactories will increase. Roads, railways, and all the appliances of civilisation will be created as if by magic. The poor man's labour will obtain new markets. The revenue of the country will improve greatly. Banking facilities will be called into existence. The prosperity of India will re-act on England. Mr. WILSON will become a lord, and the glorification of bullionism will be complete. But the day of reckoning will arrive. The fatal principle of the PEEL and OVERSTONE policy will be developed. Bullion will be withdrawn from the Currency Commissioners for exportation and hoard in g,the circulation will be contracted, and the greater the expansion of prosperity the more ruinous will be the collapse. In the name of the thousands of families which will then be precipitated from comfort and affluence to despair and ruin; in the name of the millions of working men who will have been raised to comparative en joyment of life only to make their state of privation and distress more intolerable ; in the name of those who will then perish by famine in all its aggravated forms, we protest against the introduction into India, of England's monetary curse. It would be far better to leave the Hindoo in the possession of his simple habits and his humble fare than to civilise him into a condition in which he will have to drain to the dregs that cup of suffering which our cruel and iniquitous system has so often forced to the lips of the British labourer and artisan. We know what were the sufferings of the people in 1819. We can recall the ruin of 1825, the misery of 1847, and (in spite of all the un expected assistance rendered to Peel's system by the almost miraculous gold discoveries), the distress and privation of 1857. We have before us the inevitable recurrence of similar evils from the same cause, in a few years' time. And now, with a pertinacious obstinacy in evil-doing which amounts to insanity, we are about to engraft this atrocious system on British India. It is quite impossible to calculate the disastrous consequences to both na tions to which this infatuated policy may lead. Amongst the first sentences in Greek given us in our boyhood was one which informed us of a useful practice adopted by the earlier painters. Their pictures not showing with too great plainness what they were meant for, the artist wrote beneath them " this" is a horse," " this is a tree," and so forth. Last Saturday one of our contemporaries imitated this primitive plan. We had a full-length picture of a scene in the United States Congress; an anti slavery orator expatiating on the wickedness and mischiefs of the peculiar institution, in the warmth of his zeal, he approaches gradually too near the pro-slavery benches; the occupants of those benches kindle up at the language, and fervour, an d proximity of the orator, and a running fire of threats and gibes and interruptions of all sorts is kept up. But, lest we should not be aware what all this means, a leading article tells us " this is America, and these are American institutions." Then follows a full explanation that the pictured institutions are the product of large constituencies and universal suffrage ; with the moral—Here, Oh, England, is thy warning ! We looked and sighed, and recalled the nursery lines under the picture of the sluggard— " Said I to myself, here's a lesson for me, This man's but a picture of what I might be ; Then thanks to my friends for their care in my breeding, Who taught sue betimes to love working and reading." Yes, thanks indeed to Thetford and Arundel— thanks to one hundred little boroughs, thanks to a suffrage, short by six•sevenths of Universal—our House of Representatives has no unmannerly scenes. Cock-a-doodle -dog is never heard now while O'CONNELL pleads for Catholic Emancipation ; and COBDEN is talked, and coughed, and harried down no longer. While looking, however, at the picture, and reading the interpretation thereof, we thought we recollected some remarkable pictures in the same morning journal, under which an American, hostile to union of Church and State, might write when they appeared in America—" This is England and her Ecclesiastical institutions." The pictures were in some respects so like the American one that the looks, actions, and words might be almost supposed to be borrowed from it. Let the reader imagine a church, one situated in the quarter whence the "wise men" came. A priest-clergyman standing in sur ptilcicael, morillinerhasuybl, r i l e l i h n a c s r u y b , e w , i o t r h s o h m i s e b o o t I i c k e r t p c i e t c h e c o f p c E c e p e l l e e . s i a A s - band of choristers ready to do the orchestral part of the Christian worship, and a suitable staff of like dressed priests around him—and a church crowded with cordial haters of all the mummeries of Pusey ism. At length the performing priest says some thing or comes to some part of the service in which he crosses the Protestant predilections of his tio n. Suddenly vo i ces are heard—Mr. j call him to or d er. " Mr. ROBINSON,uNROBINSON,c o o n N g E r s e , g a "I " He shall not play the Romanist before us." 11Ir. BROWN, "It is bad enough to talk his Popery at St. Barn abas." Mr. BULL waves a heavy cane. The con fusion increases. Mr. SMlTH—"'Where's the Church warden?" Mr.WHITE-CIIoKER--"Order,gentle men , order!" The priest all unperturbed continues into nations, genuflexions, and bows to the East in dumb show. I\ Ir. No POPERy—" Let him go to Rome." Mr. BULL'S cane appears rather threatening again. His neighbour, Mr.LAW, takes hold of it—a struggle and the cane is broken, the two pieces seeming likely to double the danger to those nearest. The Priest—" No one shall intimidate me in this conse crated building. I will die rather n Itt THOMAS A BECKET at that high altar." Great uproar — cries of " No altar," " No candles," " No flowers," "No lace table covers," "No credence table," " No crosses," "No chasubles and stolei," .` No Jesuits', " Turn him out," " Turn the sacrilegious out," " Turn the Papists out." At length a temporary lull occurs. The priest's voice is heard—" An American mob would not behave thus; if I were discussing slavery and the slave trade in Carolina they would respect the consecrated building, and the holy altar and emblems. A meeting of Methodists holding a revival in a conventicle would not so dishonour the priests of the Most High, and mar the priest's offerings for the people." Renewed cries of" Rome, Rome,"—" Go and try the Methodists." A voice—" We don't love you." Another—" Turn your face to us like a man." A third—" If you are worth a black gown, dress like a man." The priest continues unmoved, but stops speaking—the organ strikes up and tries to drown the sound—the con gregation respond by "Rule Britannia" and the " Ratcatcher's Daughter." Churchwardens and police try to quiet the multitude. All in vain. Priests and choristers, in danger of being hustled, get out as best they can ; part of the people rush out and pursue them, part remain and sing songs in contest with the organ, till tired of it all, they at last leave the church. Let America beware of English Ecclesiastical Institutions !—the American journalist will surely add. " All this comes of Church and State, and the people being unable to elect and depose the Minis ter. These English ecclesiastical institutions have " most signally failed," because they are not based on the suffrage of the people. A patron or the Crown gives the parish church to [the priest, and then no one can turn him out. Acts of Parlia ment enable him to defy them by the Rubric of a Prayer-book which those Acts have made law, and he can defy them. The people are Protestants, but the union of Church and State saddles them with a notoriously Popish-minded priest. Let us beware of any approach to a system which makes a bear-garden of a church, and changes devotion into fury and noise." The American journalist might unquestionably as fairly moralise thus, as journals here lay hold of every instance of Congressional turbulence, due solely to the equally degrading and fiendish spirit of slavery, and charge it on free institutions. Northern men have good reason to resent such unfairness, and both countries ought to be above such fallacious arguments. Let it suffice to take Englishmen as they are. Let the inquiry he pressed, if it pleases, whether our indus trious artisans and operatives are the men to con spire against those whom their labours have enriched, those by whose wealth the greater part of them find work and wages. For our part we think all such charges base calumnies. Calumnies uttered, too, for the vile and selfish purpose of per petuating power, with little control, in the hands of those who have possessed themselves of it. They are calumnies which set class against class, and reasonably embitter the poor against the rich. It is Lord GREY and Lord DERBY who are guilty of kindling hostile feelings, far more than Mr. BRIGHT. We, ourselves, should be indignant to hear the middle classes denounced as dangerous in their sentiments towards property, and we cannot wonder, if the workman be taunted in this way unjustly—that, if he gain power, he should seek at least for some righteous vengeance on his accusers. There is a supplement to the picture of " Ameri can institutions" published to-day. Like our own legislators a few years ago, those of America fre quently finish off quarrels of the kind above referred to by a duel. The Virginian member withdraws to Virginia, duels being unlawful in " the district," and sends a challenge to the member for Wiscon sin. The latter accepts the challenge ; but, as he has not practised with ordinary duelling weapons, he prudently selects " common bowie knives, that both may be on equal terms." He of Vir ginia replies" that such weapons are " bar barous." Ile of Wisconsin rejoins, so is the whole code of honour. The second of the Wisconsin member, a colonel, and probably therefore a shot, now offers to fight in his principal's stead with pistols. Fighting with a colonel, however, not being to the taste of the Southerner, the latter rides off on the pretext that he had no quarrel with the colonel. But there was also a supplement to the picture of " English Ecclesiastical Institutions." The priest, who occupies the foreground in it, sum moned one poor tradesman into the Ecclesiasti cal Courts on a charge of " brawling in church." The tradesman was riot allowed to choose his weapons or he would certainly have said, give me a 'civil magistrate or a jury ;—he was no match for proctors and dealers of civil law, and so he came off with a heavy wound in his purse and an admonition. Afterwards it turned out that it was another person who had uttered the words which cost the poor trades man £10! We may add to these supplemental pictures : " This is an &lel - kcal—this an English institution." Which is more barbarous, more un worthy of A.D. 1860. Duels and bowie knives, or Ecclesiastical Courts, with judges appointed by ecclesiastics, mulcting laymen in their property and liberty. His Highness the Prince Ferdinand ltadziwill has arrived at the Brunswick Hotel, Jernayn-street, fur the season. His Excellency the Marquis Spaventa has left the Brunswick Hotel for Paris, on his way to Italy. Lord and Lady Stafford have arrived in Wilton place for the season, from their residence, Cossey Hall Norfolk. DOVER, April 24,—His Excellency Earl Cow ley, after the debate in the House of Lords on Monday night, proceeded by special train to Dover, and on Tuesday morning was conveyed 'thence to Boulogne, en route to Paris, by the new mail packet John Penn, which, in a fresh breeze and swell: accomplished the run across the Channel in 97 minutes. The return voyage was run in ono hour and 45 minutes. RIFLE VOLUNTEERS.—The 2d, Or South Mid. , dlesex Rifle Corps, comprising nine strong companies, were inspected in Hyde Park yesterday evening by Major- General M'Murdo, the ground being kept by the Civil Ser vice Volunteers. In spite of the inclemency of the weather her Majesty passed through Rotten-row to witness the as sembling of the volunteers, and his Royal Highness the Prince Consort and his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales were present on horseback. A great multitude of ext people extraordinary also rdina ry watchedinterest. the The South of the v lese o x lu N n v t e e r e e rs u N n V d it e h r the command of Lord Ranelagh. BRIBERY AND TREATING.—The total number of members of Parliament unseated for bribery and treating from the Parliament beginning 1817-48 to the Parliament beginning 1857 was 57, of whom 11 were unseated for treat ing, 21 for bribery, and 25 for bribery and treating com bined. These cases of bribery and treating all occurred in boroughs. No members for counties were unseated for the above offences during the period. AMERICAN TREATMENT OF AN UNPOPULAR PuFacttEn.—Elder Knapp, just now preaching in Boston, U.S., appears to have exci'kel against him some feeling in one of his recent meetings. Some remarks which fell from him displeased certain people in his audience, and during a prayer these uttered some unseemly expressions of disap probation. There was a prospect of a general tumult, but the superintendent of the hall shut off the gas, and sub dued the crowd by darkness. HARBINGERS OF SPRlNG.—Numbers of swallows were seen in this neighbourhood on Thursday last, but they have appeared ill at home during the snow blasts with which we have been visited since that time. The " wan dering voice" of the cuckoo was heard on Sunday'in the vicinity of Dinton—somewhat before the time, it would ap pear.— ll'iltshire Mirror. FRENCH CREW SAVED BY AN ENGLISH SHIP. — The John Masterman, Government emigrant ship, just re ports that when in the Channel, lat. 49 dg. 17 sec., long. 4 deg. 8 sec. W., in a gale, sh e s i g ht e d th e F renc h sc h ooner Frederick Gust ave , 1( m Bordeaux, in a sinking condition, herbulwars, boats, and port. stanchions having been washed away. Th:3 captain 'Mites, " That in consequence of the heavy sea he dare not. for some time lower a boat, but he at last risked it, and his lif .boat uas safely lowered by Clif ford's patent gear, and was clear in one roll of the ship, and t sues .ved Captain 'rifle, four men, and a boy from perish ing." This ca,e affords another proof of the good that must follow all ships having a ready means of safely lower ;as the boats on board, AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, THURSDAY. The Montreal Ocean Steamship Company's steamer Canadian, Captain Graham, which left Portland on the 14th inst., has arrived. She landed all the mails. Her advices have generally been anticipated by the Adriatic, which arrived yester day at Southampton. MONTREAL, APRIL 14. The navigation of the St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain is open. Steamers are running to Montreal. Business is reviving. Flour is firm, and prices are advancing. NEW YORK, APRIL 14. The cotton market is dull and unchanged. Flour buoyant. Wheat steady. Corn lower. Provision markets quiet. Advices from Trieste state that a great quantity of artillery, military stores of every kind, artillerymen, and engineers, are every day arriving at that port on their way to the fortresses of Venice, Verona, Peschiera, Mantua, Legnano, and Palmanuova. They also state that Pola is being fortified. A meeting of the Royal (West India) Mail Steam Company took place yesterday, Captain C. E. Mangles in the chair, when the report was adopted, and a dividend de clared for the past half•year at the usual rate of £2 per share, 'free of income tax. The company's fleet comprises 24 vessels (inclusive of one building), and the aggregate represents 44,864 tons and 11,730 horse power. THE COMMERCIALTREATY.—We understandthat during the last few days, some gentlemen, deputed by the principal chambers of commerce in France, have been in 111 anchester, pursuing inquiries at our leading manufactories as to the probable effects of the commercial treaty with France. We hear that the deputies for this purpose are MM. Dolfue and Ziegler, Mulhausen ; and M. Scrive, of Lille.—Manchester Guardian. THE ARTILLERY COMPANY.—The Artillery Com pany of London held a Special General Court on Monday, the 23d inst., and unanimously resolved to strengthen the regiment by the addition of a troop of horse artillery and two battalion companies. This will be the first addition of artillery to the company since 1781, when two brass size. pounders were presented by the city authorities " for the signal services done by the company in suppressing the dangerous riots in the month of June, 1780." BEAKS ELECTION.—The writ for the election of a knight for this county to serve in Parliament, in the room of the late Captain Leicester Vernon, was received yester day (Wednesday) by the High-Sheriff, Sir C. S. Paul Hunter. The nomination is fixed for Wednesday next, the 2d of May, at Abingdon. Mr. Benyon, of Englefield-house, near Reading, is the only candidate at present. Indeed, it is generally believed that there will be no opposition, and he will therefore walk over the course. Yv ------- - CASUAITIES.—The number of cases which have come to the cognisance of the metropolitan police since the Ist of January, 1858, up to the present time, of persons who have been run over and killed and of persons injured by the same means is 1,561, of whom 104 were killed, and 1,457 injured. The number of the killed in 1858 was 45, and of the injured 665; 18b9 ,51 were killed, and 682 in jured ' • and in the first two months of the present year 8 were killed, and 110 injured. About two-thirds of these cases were not witnessed by the police themselves, but the particulars were obtained at the time from other persons. In a great number of cases of those injured the injuries were slight. IPSWICH PENNY READINGS.—At the close of the second session of the Ipswich Penny Readings, the mana gers rejoiced to be able to report the continued success of this new attempt at rational recreation. The managers have had the pleasure of bearing that, wherever the scheme has been fairly worked, success has been the result. They can not too often repeat, that its essential feature is to furnish a variety of readings, and, where possible, readers, on the same evening. Besides the payment of rent, printing, and other incidental expenses, the readings have realised, during the last three months, for the Suffolk Hospital, £6 16s. 7d. ; the Shipwrecked eamen's Society, £4 7s. 6d. ; the ragged school, £4 ls. ; making a total of £l5 ss. ld. The managers hope in the autumn to resume the penny reading with increased efficiency and usefulness.—lpswich Express. PRICE OF GOLD.—The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par, and the short exchange on London is 25.171 per £1 sterling. On comparing these rates with the English Mint price of £3 17s. 10Id. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is at about the same price in London and Paris. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 4221 per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13.31 per £1 sterling. Standard gold at the English Mint price is therefore at about the same price in Hamburg as in London. The course of ex change at New York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is about 108! per cent., which, when compared with the Mint proportions between the two countries, shows that the ex change is slightly against England; and, after making allowance for charges of transport and difference of inte rest, the present rate leaves no profit on the transmission of gold between the two countries. ANOTHER ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.—If possible, the extension of the Montreal line of telegraph from Father Point to Belle Isle will be effected by the time the Prince of Wales comes to Canada. When this is done we shall be regularly in receipt of Europgan news in five and a half or six days; thus proving the superior advantages of the St. Lawrence route for rapidity of telegraphic communication. The Montreal Telegraph Company has a charter for con structing an Atlantic telegraph. The route proposed is by' Greenland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands ; on which there will be no very long stretch of submarine cable required. .It is probable this scheme will find favour, since the cable laid across the ocean in a single stretch has failed to work. This rival scheme, of which Mr. Young is the advocate, is not new, and was projected before Mr. Field's plan was tried ; but it met a destructive opposition in New York, where Mr. Field lived, and where the rival project was looked upon as Canadian and anti-national. The proprietors, Messrs. Shuffner and Tibbits, were roundly abused and Field got his advantage. But now things are in a different position. Ono scheme of Atlantic telegraph has been tried and failed ; and as it is improbable that so grand an enter prise will be allowed to fail for want of a second trial, the Greenland, Iceland, and Faroe Islands route may come in favour.—Canadian News. DEATH FROM GLANDERS.—A melancholy case of glanders has beim recently under treatment in Richmond Hospital, which terminated fatally on the 16th inst. This fearful disease for the most part occurs amongst grooms and stablemen, but in this instance the poor sufferer was a young married woman, of about 25 years of age, who, it would appear, became infected from washing clothes worn by a man who had been engaged in skinning a horse which died of glanders, the carcass being intended for feed for dogs. We cannot too strongly caution masters of hounds, and others similarly engaged, of the danger to be appre hended from contact with glandered horse-flesh. THE OFFICE OF CORONER.—The report of the committee appointed to consider the state of the law and practice as regarding the taking of inquisitions in cases of death, &c., was issualyesterday. The bill which the com mittee recommend on the subject would contain :-Ist. A declaration of the cases in which the coroner's inquests ought to be held. 2. A clause empowering the Attorney-General to make application to a judge in chambers for a rule call ing on the coroner to show cause why he does not hold an inquest. 3. A clause empowering the Secretary of State for the Home Department to make rules binding on the county police as to the information they are to give to coroners. 4. Clauses giving a power to justices to fix the salaries of coroners for - couraies. - Appeal to Home Secre tary, and provision for periodical revision. 5. Clauses as similating, ;as far as pessible, the election of coroners for counties to the election of a member of Parliament for a county. 6. Clauses directing that the coroners' jurors be henceforth indifferently sibarnoned from the jury lists of their respective ,counties ; and that all payment to jurors fur attendance on inquests be prohibited. A WORD. TO WOMEN.—If that terrible Mrs. Grundy would only cease to tyrannise as she does, why may not each family of daughters determine with woman's courage to prepare to do woman's work. The means even of the curate would suffice to give them admittance to the schools of design, and then Rose may take wood- engraving as a profession. The abolition of the paper duty will give an immense impetus to literature, and artistic labour such as hers will be in great demand ; and lary, why should she 'not boa modeller for the jeweller? and Kate, why should she not enter the field of art as a painter ? We can imagine a family thus working at their different art tasks with somewhat more satisfaction than in reading insipid novels, or embroidering fierce brigands in worsted work. In the one case they would work with the feeling of real ar tists, and therefore their labour would be a labour of love, and we may add, of profit also.—Once a Week. WOMEN AND WATCH-WORK.—Mr. Bennett, who has laboured so earneetly to open the manufacture of watches to women, told us an anecdotes the author day, which illustrates at once the difficulties women have to contend with (from the other sex, •we'kire sorry to say) in making their wry into a sphere of labour hitherto con sidered sacred to the men, and the success that attended their coufageous efforts. Three young ladies, after a pre liminary training at the Marlborough House School of Design, applied to him for occupation in engraving the backs of gold watches. Although perfect strangers to this kind of work, in six months, he tells us, they became as practised artists as a mere apprentice would have been in six years. At the end of this time, when they were making each three pounds a- week by their labour, the men in the shop struck. These " foreigners," as they were termed, must go, or they would ; and Mr. lennsOtt was obliged, sadly against his will, to comply with their wishes. These brave girls, however, were not to be beaten ; they immediately turned their attention to engraving on glass, and are now employed at this delicate employment, and earn as much thereat as they did before at watch engraving. What these young girls did, thousands of-welt-educated young ladies may do also. And yet, despite Mrs. Grundy, we dare maintain that to engrave a watch, or to embellish the crystal for our table, is quite as elevated an occupation as to see that Master Tommy's nose is properly wiped, or that his linen is duly cared for.—Once a Week. BRUTAL MURDER AT HULL.—A case of brutal and cold-blooded murder occurred in Hull on Monday morning last. The victim is a widow named Elizabeth Ann Parke, aged 25 years, residiag with her mother, named Sleight, in Darley's. , court, New George -street, and the murderer a deserter from the 29th Regiment, named Thomas Kirkwood. Kirkwood, it appears, got leave of absence about five months ago aid has had his furlough twice renewed. He lodged with a sister in-law until about six weeks ago, when he left, and has since been in lodgings, existing by victimising the public, from whom he has obtained by false representations sufficient to keep himself. On Sunday night, when he went to bed, he told the man with whom ho lodged to call him up at 6 o'clock the following morning. lie had breakfast and loft the house about half-past 7. He went to deceased's house about a quarter-past 10, and on his coming away ho put his arm round her neck as if for the purpose of giving her a kiss, and with a razor which he had in h is hand he cut her throat. The prisoner had only nine months to serve before being entitled to his discharge. He was appre• hended shortly afterwards and taken to the Mansion-house, where he acted like an infuriated madman, stoutly protesting his innocence. The deceased was attended by Dr. M'Millan, who found her bleeding from a large wound on the left side of the neck, about four inches long, and oblique in its course. She wart much exhausted by loss of blood. Her strength was kept up as much as possible by the administration of brandy and beef tea. She, however, never rallied thoroughly, and died about five o'clock in the afternoon. The prisoner was too drunk to be taken before the magistrate on the Monday. He was con sequently remanded until yesterday, when he was com mitted for trial at the next York assizes. 1.1 A rill ER 'I N \V Y 6. The following telegrams were received at Mr. .cuter's office : PARIS, APRIL 26. The Ilioniteur of this morning publishes the fol lowing telegram:— CHAMBERY, APRIL 25. The result of the voting in less than 23 com munes is as follows : Total number of votes inscribed 67,968, of which 65,658 71 Ayes Noes NAPLES, APRIL 21 (via GENOA). The affairs of Sicily continue to occupy the Go vernment. General Salzano has demanded rein forcements in order to operate against the insur gents, who are still fighting in guerilla bands. A flying column of troops which had left Palermo was obliged to fall back upon the town of Termini, having met with insurgents in strong position. Letters state that 13 individuals have been shot at Palermo. Several promotions of generals have taken place. The troops of General Pianelli have changed their position. Several battalions have been posted near Terra di Lavoro. PARIS, APRIL 25. The Gazette du Midi contains a letter from Con stantinople, dated the 28th ult., which states that the Sultan has received a despatch announcing that the Viceroy of Egypt has been attacked by vomit ing of blood, and is in a dangerous state. CONSTANTINOPLE, APRIL 18. The house which was pillaged and demolished by the Greek inhabitants on the occasion of the pro cession during the Easter week belonged to the widow of a French merchant named Dumas. The Greek consul and the archbishop, cross in hand, at tempted in vain to arrest the fury of the people. The troops arrived too late. The widow and her daughters escaped by a ladder. The French Em bassy is about to institute an inquiry. The Duke of Brabant has given a fete to the diplomatic corps. A review of the troops and manoeuvres of the fleet will take place in his honou'r. The duke is about to visit Borussia, whence he will return to take leave of the Sultan. It is rumoured that the Porte will deprive Prince Milosch of his dignity. STOCKHOLM, APRIL 25. Baron Manderstrom, the Minister for Foreign Affairs, in a note dated March 27, replying to M: Thouvenel's message of the 13th March, says that the Swedish Government takes note of the solemn declarations with which the French Government denied any project on its part for further increasing French territory or exciting the peoples by the idea of nationality; and lastly, of aiming at the re-esta• blishment of natural boundaries. Baron Manderstrom distinctly makes a reserva tion against principles, the application of which would only be justified by exceptional circum stances. In conclusion, his excellency particularly supports the claims of Switzerland, which are founded on existing treaties, and pronounces him self in favour of the neutralisation of the districts •f Chablais and Faucigny. MADRID, APRIL 25. The official Gazette promulgates the convention between Spain and England relative to the extra dition of sailors. The rumour that the Moorish Plenipotentiaries have not sufficient authority to negotiate has un favourably influenced the public funds. The semi-official Correspondencia Autogrgfa gives a denial to, this rumour. The same journal states that the Ministers are perfectly agreed as to the course to be pursued in the trial of Count Montemolin. MALTA, APRIL 26. Letters from Alexandria to the 17th instant do not mention anything of the reported illness of the Viceroy. FRANCE. PARIS, APRIL 25. The Emperor has decided on two military expe ditions, which are to set out, the one from Algeria, and the other from Senegal, to proceed to Tim buctoo, wh ere they are to unite. A large sum has been placed to the credit of the Minister of War to defray the expenses of these expeditions. General de Martimprey, Governor-General of Algeria, and M. Lever, Prefect of Algiers, will accompany the first expedition to the extreme French frontier. The first column is to be composed of several Arab Goums, together with detachments of French in fantry and cavalry. General de Martimprey and M. Levert will take this opportunity of visiting the towns of Laghouat and Tuggurt. The second ex pedition will set out from the French establishment in Senegal. BOURSE, April 25.—The market has been heavy, owing to the approach of the end of the month and to the situation of the speculators. Threes, after having been done at 70f. 20c., declined to 70f., and are now at 70f. 10c. ; Mobilier varied from 742 f. 50c. to 735 f. ; Orleans, 1,355 f. to 1,352 f. 50c. ; Lyons, 941 f. 25c. to 937 f. 50c. ; Northern, 973 f. 75c. to 975 f. ; Southern, 517 f. 50c. to 520 f. The fol lowing are the last quotations :- 41 per Cents. .... 96 20 I Credit Fonder 7 95 Do. end month I Belgian 4i 3 per Cents. 7O 20 I Piedmontese (5) Do. end month.... 70 15 I itoman Bl Bank Shares 2825 Austrian Credit Msbilier .. 732 50 Spanish Threes Do. Account ..... 740 Home Debt 45 75 RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern New ditto BB7 50 .. 885 Lyons and Mediterranean 940 .. 938 75 Geneva 452 50 .. 455 . Southern Western 573 75 .. 570 Eastern Sardinian 415 .. 410 Austrian Lombard .. Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 18c. • money, 25f. 17c. ; three months, paper, 24f. 87ic. ; money, 241 86c. SICILY. The following letter has been received from Mes sina, dated the 16th inst. : " I have at length found an opportunity of sending you a complete account of the events which have taken place in this town. On the 4th a report was circulated that an in surrection had taken place at Palermo. Great agitation was consequently excited, but, unfjrtunately, we could learn no particulars, as the telegraphic wires had been broken. We were told, however, that the revolt had assumed great pro portions, and the first idea which occurred to each of us was to raise an insurrection ourselves, in order to assist our sister town ; but it was easy to comprehend that, without chiefs, and without arms, and without any plan prepared, in presence of a formidable garrison, the attempt would be more injurious to the national cause than other wise. It was, therefore, determined to wait a better op portunity. Everything would have:passed quietly but for the police and the lazzaroni, who evidently desired to create a disturbance. It is even asserted that a number of vaga bonds were let loose from the prison ;.p.nd it is certain that the mob appeared to obey a word of command to commence an attack on the police. Another band demanded charity in the most insolent language, and when refused they showed firearms. They assembled in the most fre quented parts of the town, and insulted everybody. This scandal continued to increase from Friday afternoon until Easter Sunday morning ; and everybody foresaw a omflict./2 . A1l the respectable inhabitants ende t voured to p r event the mischief. The Marquis Artate, the military intendant, was requested to arrest the assassins, but he replied that it was impossible, as 1113 police had lost all moral force. Permission was then asked to organise a civic guard to maintain order and to defend persons and properties, but the different authorities refused, saying they had no power to do so, At o'clock on Sunday the Intendant Artate announced that he had received a telegraphic despatch, informing him that the insurgents at Palermo had been de feated and dispersed by the Royal troops, and that the pri soner had been instantly shot. This news having been com municated to the troops and to the police, gave them courage, and they commenced insulting everybody. On the 9th Gen. Russo placed the town in a state of siege by a proclamation. The citizens were next disarmed; and on the 10th all good citizens were invited by a third proclamation to return into the town, and that their lives and properties should be gua ranteed. At this time all the shops were closed, and a sepulchral silence prevailed. The gates of the town were . guarded by numerous battalions, supported by artillery. On the night of the 10th volleys of musketry were fired from the various military posts of the town, accompanied by cries of ' Long live the King.' Cannon shots were fired from Fort Blasco in the direction of the country. To explain this unac countable proceeding the soldiers pretended that they had been attacked by rebels, and that the troops had been fired on from the Convent of Porto-Salvo. It has been since proved that no such attack had been made on the soldiers. Gen. Russo published a notice on the 11th announcing that the troops had been attacked during the night, and that if such proceedings were renewed ho would fire on the town frqm the citadel. Under these circumstances the Consular agents, except those of Russia and Austria, who had fled, leaving their countrymen without protection, assembled at the house of M. Boulard, the French Consul, and signed a protest against the conduct of General Russo, making him responsible for the acts of van dalism committed. This document being signed, the Consular body proceeded to the quarters of General Russo, to whom they read the protest. The General, visibly em barrassed, pretended that he had received information during the night that the rebels had fired on the troops. Brigadier-General Riviera then spoke. He said that he re gretted what had been done, and hoped it would be forgot ten, and he requested the Consuls to assure the inhabitants of Messina that they need not fear further violence. 'Nothing remarkable occurred until the 13th, when the sen tinels amused themselves by firing on the persons walking quietly in the streets Five people were killed, including a woman and child. The Consuls again met, and signed a second protest ; but, a British subject having been wounded in the leg, a second imprisoned, and subsequently released, and the house of a third having been plundered by the military and the proprietor threatened with death, the English Consul lost patience, and, accompanied by the cap tain of the British ship of war, Intrepid, at anchor in the port, waited on General. Russo, and told him that if any further violence were offered to an Englishman he would use reprisals. At first the General did not understand the meaning of the term, but the Consul having explained, the Generalliecame quite confused, and declared that he would shoot the first soldier who committed any violence, even were it towards a Sicilian, and that he would publish an order of the day to that effect. This proceeding cooled the ardour of the military. Yesterday 800 men and half a battery of artillery left this for Catania. We expect a squadron of lancers from Nal les to be sent into the interior of the island." SPAIN. It seems to be decided that the Conde de Monte molin and his brother shall be brought to trial. There will be no more blood shed. The opinion gains ground that the Princes will be tried by the Senate. The different articles of the treaty of peace have been sanctioned. The Madrid journals of the 21it state that Ortega, when taken before the court-martial at Tortosa, assumed a somewhat haughty bearing, and read a well written protest to the effect that he was, from his rank in the army, entitled to be tried not by an ordinary court-martial composed of captains, but by one formed exclusively of generals. He was however told that the protest could not be admitted, inasmuch as a royal decree declared that he should be tried by an ordinary court ; and on that, it is stated, he jumped up in a passion, and, snatching up his cap, cried, " I will neither speak nor defend myself. I will retire !" He was however detained, and he afterwards in the course of the proceedings declared that he cared little for life. Several of the Carlist insurgents arrested in Biscay had been set at liberty. The Gazette, announces the receipt of more addresses to the Queen, expressing satisfac tion at the failure of the Montemolinist insurrec tion ; and the greater part of them are from bishops or chapters. The return of Marshal O'Donnell to Madrid was expected about the 24th er 25th. THE IMPERIAL LETTERS PATENT. A letter from Pesth, dated April2o, says :—The telegraph will of course have informed yon long before this that the official journal of Vienna has published Letters Patent of the Emperor Francis Joseph on the subject of Hungary. These Letters Patent were announced to us by telegraph as con taining very extensive concessions indeed; and no doubt, seeing that the Viennese Government is very anxious to deceive Western Europe as to the state of this country, they have been presented in the same light to you. But thus far they are regarded by all the Hungarian politicians whom I have had the opportunity of consulting, as nothing better than " a delusion and a snare"—a delusion because they contain no real concessions; a snare, because they are made the pretext of exciting divisions in the patriotic party. So little is thought of them that the two Hungarian newspapers, the Pesti IVaplo (Pesth Journal), and the Magyar Sajto (Magyar Press), actually reproduce them this morning without a single word of comment. The Letters Patent intimate that the five great divisions into which Hungary has been parcelled out since 1849 are to be set aside; but they do not say that the provinces which in that year were wrested from Hungary are to be restored to her, and consequently the letters fail to do what the Hungarians have greatly at heart. The letters promise, at some future day not specified, the re establishment of the Assemblies of the Comitats ; but Heaven knows when this promise will be rea lised—according to all Austrian practice, never. Even if the Comitat system should be re-established, it would be so organised as to be more Austrian than Magyar, and would consequently give offence to the people. The Letters Patent, moreover, say that when the organisation of Cousitats shall be completed, measures relative to the enacting of a Diet shall be prepared ; but what is the practical value of such a promise as this ? Evidently none. What, indeed, is an undertaking to" prepare mea sures relative to the meeting of a Diet ?" Who can tell how many years the preparation will last ? What assurance is there that measures will be acted on when the preparation is completed ? Besides this, is it not notorious that during the last 12 years the - Viennese Government has made dozens of promises to Hungary, and has not kept one ? This is the view taken of the Letters Patent in this city, and I doubt not that it will be the same throughout the country. If the- Austrian Government be really sincere in its desire to pacify this perturbed nation, it must not make such, trumpery promises as these, but must at once revive the ancient Constitution and give back to Hungary her ancient landmarks. Nothing less will suffice; and if it be withheld long the Hun garians will become so exasperated that they will not be satisfied even with that, but will demand with a voice of thunder a rupture of the ties . ,wl2 l ch bind them to the empire of the Hapsburgs. The Viennese Government has frequently mad(' its newspaper organs, both at- home and abroad , deny that it has confiscated the estates of the martyrs of 1849. But the falsity of this denial WO demonstrated a few weeks since by the official ad' vertisement that the estates of the murdered Count Louis Batthyany had passed into the hands of Count Zichy, on the payment of a large sum by the latter. A new proof of the falsity is at this moment before me in the shape of a judgment of the Supreme Court of Pesth, authorising, by order of the View' nese Government, the sale of the estates of Mon signor Horvath, Catholic Bishop of Csanad, who was condemned to death for having acted as Minister of Worship in the Government of 1848-9, but wh O, more fortunate than his friend and colleague, Count Louis Batthy, any, managed to escape the s anguine*: clutches of the Austrians. This venerab le and revere. s a prelate is now living, I believe, at B russels, and lam sure, poor ; and yet the Aust rian Government ; after the lapse of twelve years, and after having had the barbarity, in spite of his sacred character • to have him hanged in effigy, now put up to auc tion the little real property —it was little indeed he possessed. let ° All the nation is w earin g mourning for the_ the steamers on the Danunv, org anised are carrying their flags ha lfir_ in which Countacth high h z e e ; c o h ar egnnadyn theiis; lions on the magnificent s pension-bridg e at Pesth, which he caused to b e construc ted, are decked with crape. The Govern ment has at last authorized a searching investiga; ti o n to be made into the mysterious circum stance of his death. As this death followed ve r y closelYo' ou that of another esteemed patriot, Bar ed° Josika, the extraordinary belief has gin ground among the common people that they 1 1 , 4 % both fallen victims to Austrian vengeance. U, alleged, indeed, that they were both po isoned st dinner at Vienna, and that Josika died almost mediately after; but that Szechenyi havinFe re covered, was shot in such a way as to x ' o " appear that he had committed suicide d° n • mai l e ss, it absurd _ of course, credit for one moment th is tale ; as it is monstrous. But , nevertheless, it s a h t has created such prejudice aga i ns t the A_us e hetriia; Government thethatlatteras been oblig proclaim its falsify in its semi-official orgoant i t . s e a at Augsburg Wu' Augsburg Gazette. By the way, must Government feel that it has fallen ver y low in the estimation of its subjects , when it has t° c°ll , descend to answer such an odious accusation 310 ti Ther mercial the me they re the Bai that est and if 1 continu to mod fair shE It rema produce month, stimuli] impart The 27th, f £8,845 The Five pc Six per rnent. A by the Comps] Torn £250,0( and of shares. by the Railway next. 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