The Sun. — London, England, 1829-10-03 00:00:00

ias therefore provided that the Member for Newark shall not be returned, except by means which shall secure the baseness and dishonesty of the inhabitants, The Constitution would not be perfect without their degradation. They must either resign their consciences to the keep ing of the Duke of Newcastle, or, if the y choose to retain the exe rc i se o f t h em , prepare tor beiti , turned into the streets. It seems an understood matter in this country, that the object of a good Constitution, in Church and State, is to secure the greatest possible amount of falsehood and dishonesty. Braibery and corroopti on, as Dr. Paley said, are the only pivots on which a work able ConStitution can turn. Hence the striking advantage of certain boroughs, which place a man under a constant necessity of voting at the bidding of another, or of subjecting himself to loss and inconvenience. Subscriptions to cer tain articles as a condition of obtaining a living, and voting for the men named as fit by Borough Proprietors, are happy contrivances for extend ing the dominion of insincerity. Alai in truth, the results have corresponded admirably with the design. For in this country there is the greatest liberty of opinion, with this proviso only that the opinion shall not be sincerely enter tained. There tnay be some difficulty in know ing which of two or three false opinions it may be the most advisable to maintain ; but there can be no difficulty as to its being ad visable never to maintain the one believed to be true. All people of prudence would naturally shrink from a man on whom No dependence could be placed ; for what is re qiutred is discretion, and not sincerity. The in fluencing of votes, in the manner practised at Newark, has therefore this advantage over openly selling votes to the candidate, that it secures the complete degradation of the voter. 'The voter who deals directly with the candidates may exercise a conscientious suffrage, and put twenty or thirty guineas into his pocket at the same time. But the voter at the bidding of a Borough proprietor it equally bribed, without the privilege of exorcising an independent opi nion. In the one case he is elevated to the dis tinction of being one of the Sovereigns of the British people, who exercises his right of sove reignty for his own benefit, throwing the details on the Representative, who pays him at once in 'ready money ; in the other case, he is a villain kept to do the dirty work of his Lord. Prince Polignac will find it difficult to raise at once such a Church-and-State structure as we hap pily possess in England. He must have seen that without Rotten Boroughs, and the other Contrivances for which we are indebted to time, an Aristocracy cannot possibly obtain the as cendancy in a country. But how can he find a substitute for Rotten Boroughs in France ? He may raise the qualification to 201. or 30/„ still the property of the nation will be represented, still the French people will not. be obliged to re nounce all regard for truth and honesty ; and so long as a regard for these is entertained in any country, the reign of an Aristocracy is insecure. —Morning Chronicle. We know of no late event that has excited so much attention throughout all parts of the three kingdoms as the meeting at Cork. There is, indeed, but one opinion as to the necessity for giving a more effective character to the Church a Ireland. Lord Mountcashel did not, indeed, :separate the Churches of England and Ireland ; but though there are grievous abuses in both, the Church of England is not to be spoken of in the same breath with her sister of Ireland. One circumstance is so obvious as to have struck every one who bestows the most superficial con sideration on the sulaject. If there are not too few Bishops in England, there must be too many in Ireland. What is wanted in Ireland is not Dignitaries, for there are too many ; but a use ful working clergy, properly distributed through out the country. The Church of Ireland re sembles the armies of some countries—the staff is complete, but the rank and file deficient. It was an old trick in armies, and is said to be yet common in Russia, for the Colonels and other superior officers to have the regiment effective only on paper, and to divide the pay of the num bers deficient. The superior officers of the Irish Church Militant have, in like manner, admirable incomes, by dispensing with common soldiers. In England pluralities are unavoidable, except a new distribution of property takes place; but in Ire land there is no parish which cannot maintain a Clergyman, and a plurality is therefore sheer corruption. 'Whether or not the Church of England would acquire more followers if her funds were more judiciously distributed, is a question which we are not called to solve. It is, however, quite natural that Lord Mountcashel, and those sincere Protestants who, like him, believe their Church to be the best in the world, should think that this would be the case. It is certain that, independet:tly of higher considera tions, fashion, when strong excitement does not exist, naturally draws people who wish to be thought respectable over to the Established Church. The Rev. Mr. Cook, then Modera- tor of the Synod of Ulster, said in his examina- tion before the House of Commons, that it was a common saving in Belfast, when a man first caine to that town, he went to an Old Light Meeting-house—when he became able to keep a gig, he them went to a New Light Meeting house—and when he could afford to keep his coach, he went to the Established Church. It would, we suspect, be pretty much the same in other parts of Ireland, were there no disgrace in changing. Should Ireland become a rich and thriving country, all those possessed of property would feel a disposition to act like the rich Presbyterians in Ulster—go over to the Church established by law.—lbid. The distresses of the manufacturers in many populous districts have reached a point from which humanity recoils. It may shock even those whose sensibilities are not very acute, to read the instances of human suffering with which most of the p rov i nc i a l impels abound ; yet, in the very teeth of these appalling facts, do some London journals declare that the state of trade is improving. There are writers—and they too claiming to stand in the very first rank of " pub lic whom hardihood of asser- tion is the strongest part of argument ;—such writers resemble the Jew-pedlar, who never des cants so eloquently upon the qualities of gold as when he has only brass to sell. Sometimes men take a pleasure in opposing truth from an affec tation of singularity ; and paradox has ever been a delightful study to pers ons o f sma ll w i t an d great assurance. y In the p resent case, however, there is a motive for resisting the evidence of fact somewhat different from the little ambition of being distinguished for eccentric opini ons .— Those writers who kindly annihilate the suffer ings of thousands of their fellow -creatures by a dash of the pen are the advocates of free trade." At one time they endeavoured to ac count for the great and increasing distress of the manufacturing classes independently of-the work ing of their darling system, which has produced effects directly the reverse of what its author, predicted. Now, Ending that their sophistrie , on this subject are rather rudely exposed to the derision of common sense, they try the bolder policy of actually denying the ex istence of the extensive and deep distress which overwhelms the industry of this country. and reduces its hardy population to the state of enfeebled and degraded paupers. This denial, however, implies a conviction, upon their part, that it is impossible any longer to protect the doctrine of " free trade from public condemna tion, if the miseries that have followed its enact ment be admitted. The attempt to separate the rapid decline of trade from the operation of " liberal" theories has proved as vain a task as it always is to attempt to separate an effect from it cause. We say the rapid decline, because, al though trade had been depressed before, it had not declined in the same rapid ratio. Whatever causes existed before to oppress the industry and mar the prosperity of England, this was the crowning mischief—the stroke of evil genius, which, bv breaking down the last defence of our manufactures, consummated the mercantile em barrassments of England. But the sufferings of the people must be heard ; they must be listened to within the walls of Parliament. The cold indifference is ith which their supplications for redress last Session were received by Ministers, and the contemptuous sneers which the theorists of free trade, levelled at their sufferings will, we trust, be succeeded by more of that spirit of hu manity and wisdom which ought to distinguish the Legislature of a great country. In the mean time, we earnestly recommend to the distressed artisans not to injure their cause —not to forfeit the public sympathy by any act of violence or in fraction of the laws. There are apostles of mis chief at work, whose only object in exciting their passions is to produce, not an improvement of their condition, but that state of disorder and public terror which may lead to universal confu sion. Such teachers do not care how their mis guided followers perish, provided they can ob tain for themselves a turbulent distinction.— Morning Herald. A pamphlet has just been put into our hands, entitled " Thoughts on the Present State and Future Conzmercial Policy (2f the Country; with the Plan of a Periodical . Work, to be conned exclasively to Commercial Subjects, by Captain M‘Konochie, Royal Navy," which, at the present moment, is not unworthy of a slight notice. Its object, as appears from the title, is two-fold—first, to give the writer's opinion on the present state and future commer cial policy of the country, and, in the second, to recommend the propriety of publishing a periodi cal work, whose contents should be exclusively , confined to the dissemination of better informa- tion than is generally possessed by commercial men, relative to trade. On this latter subject we shall hazard the opinion that such a work might undoubtedly be rendered highly interest ing and instructive, in proper hands, but that it appears to us extremely problematical whether, even in this mercantile community, it could command a sufficient number of readers to insure it success. Practical men seldom care much about works which profess to enlighten them on matters in which they are daily engaged ; and of late years the attention of the daily, weekly, and monthly press has been turned so much to financial and commercial subjects, that the want of a periodical exclusively devoted to the consideration of such subjects, is not very distinctly felt. With regard to the Captain's opinions on the present state and future com mercial policy of the country, there is much in them to which we are inclined to object, and something also which deserves approbation. The Captain very properly dismisses the bugbear of over-production as the cause of the present distress, and ascribes the maladies of the corm- y to " under-consumption," and an unequal distribution of the products and capital of the country—in other words, to the absorption of large masses of capital in a few channels, and the general poverty of the rest of the community. One of the author's remedies, however, for this state of things, is but little consonant with the good sense which characterizes his observations in other respects—we allude to his recommenda tion of granting bounties on home produc tion. The evils of this system have long been exploded, as well as the frauds to which they gave rise sufficiently exposed to render a return to them at all desirable. For what, in fact, is a bounty but a tax imposed on one portion of the community for the benefit of another, and for the production of an article, which, without the aid of the bounty, would either not be produced at all, or might be purchased from foreigners at less cost ? No branch of industry ever flourished permanently through the aid of such a system, which may be truly characterised as a robbery of Peter to pay Paul—as a useless transference of money from one pocket to another. In other matters, however, we cordially concur in the opi nions put forth by the gallant Captain. An ex change of our system of indirect, for direct, taxation, would undoubtedly benefit the commu nity to a considerable extent, by reducing the expence of collecting the revenue ; and no means as he observes, ought to be left untried for faci litating the interchange, or distribution, of com modities between the varies classes of society— for whatever facilitates communication encourages consumption, by lowering the price of the-com modity, as every tax or other impediment which retards it naturally tends to diminish it, by rais ing the price, and placing it beyond the power of the many to purchase. We shall conclude this brief notice by quoting from the pamphlets note which contains some judicious hints respecting tolls and other taxes, which operate greatly in diminishing the consumptive powers of the corn munity.—Morning Advertiser. (This note has already appeared in The Sun of Wednesday and Thursday.) The first coach ever publicly seen in England, was the equipage of HENRY Earl of ARUNDEL, in the reign of ELizABETH. This vehicle was invented by the French, who also invented the postchsise, which was in troduced by Mr. TuLL, son of the well-known writer on husbandry. FORCE OF AFFECTION.—An old man, re siding in the neighbourhood of Glasgow, lately found, in a corner of his cottage, a miniature of his wife, taken in her youthful days. Although of strictly sedate and reli gious habits, and although his wife had been many years deal, the effect which the miniature hail on him was sin. guar and surprising. From the monent of its discovey, until his death, which took place some months afterwards, he neglected all his ordinary duties and employments, and became in a manner imbecile, spending whole days without uttering a word, or betraying the slightest interest in pass ing occurrences. The only one with whom he would at all hold communication was a little grand-child, who bore a remarkable likeness to the portrait, and to whom he was perfectly d oc il e . A d ay or two b e fore his death he gave this grand-child hi s purse, accompan i e d with strict injunc tions that she would privately lay the picture in the coffin beside him, which she accordingly did, although not with out consultin g h er re l at i ves, as she had no opportun i ty o f doing so otherwise.— Glasgow Free Press. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. GUILDHALL Two draymen, named Gurnett and Harwood, in the employ of Messrs. Woodward, brewers, Devon shire-street, Lambeth, were charged with assaulting \lr. Alderman Waithman, and obstructing and annoying hi•n in passing over Blackfriars-bridge his gig, on Tuesday last. Mr. Alderman Waithman said he had made this complaint more for the sake of the public than him self; and it was one which, as a Magistrate, he could not overlook. Being quarter-day, there were several vans laden with furniture passing through the streets, ;Ind on reaching the bridge, he found a dray before him, and saw that he could pass it, and come with a line of carriages going in the same direction. Observing his intention to cut in before him, an man who was driving kept touching his horses to quicken his pace and close up the line. When complainant's gig had got before the dray-wheels, a cart came up in the opposite direction, and the danger of being crushed between the two becoming apparent, he called to the drayman repeatedly to stop, and allow him to get into the lice; but he drove on regardless of consequences, and but for the exertions of the carman au accident must have happened. As it was, the gig-shafts were only grazed, and the horse flurried. He should not have troubled himself about this, but the defendants pro ceeded to make use of a deal of snarling irritating language to excite the laughter of some low black guards, who, no doubt, would have been still better pleased if a limb had been broken, or the gig jam med to pieces. Complainant then alighted, and said he must take their number, which they en deavoured to prevent by driving on, till he seized the horse's head, and then Harwood collared him and shook him till his great coat came open ; indeed, he expected every moment to be struck by him. He did succeed in getting the address, but could not take the number. One of the defendants was riding on the shafts, which was illegal. He could not find any officer on the bridge to assist him. Mr. Osman, of St. John-street, corroborated the Alderman's statement. The defendants denied that the gig got before the body of the dray, and said that as they were in a line wit!, , and not far from, the string of carriages going the same way, they were not bound to stop; and Harwood, with regard to the assault, declared that he laid his hands very gently on the Alderman's collar, and that he did this because he was backing the horse, which had a knack of cutting open one of his hind feet with his fore ones, when so backed. Mr. Alderman BIRCH, the sitting Magistrate, said he wished their defence had been of a different na ture—that they had admitted the truth, and apolo gized for their misconduct. If this complaint had been made by any other individual than a Magis trate, he should have fined the defendants twice as much as he now intended to do. The penalty was lessened, that they and the public might not sup pose that because the charge had been made by a Magistrate, the offence was punished with severity. He therefore fined them only 10s. each. The defendants paid the fine. BOW-STREE f. Yesterday Mr. William Wiltshire, a Barbary mer chant, residing in Conduit -street, Regent -street, and Mr. Archibald Robinson, his managing cleric, appear ed to answer to a charge of assault and false impri sonment, preferred against them on the day previous on behalf of Moses Delavante, a Barbary Jew, lately in the service of Mr. Wiltshire. Mr. J. Isaacs appeared for the complainant, and called forward an interpreter named Cohen, who un dertook to render into English the evidence of the complainant, who made his statement in the Arabic language. The complainant having been sworn on the 01(1 Testament, said, that he was at present residing at No. 7, Castle -street, How:dsditch, and had till lately been in the service of Mr. Wiltshire as his domestic servant, having accompanied him from Mogadore in that capacity. On Saturday week the two defendants called him into a room in the house of Mr. Wiltshire's brother, at Hoxton, and there told him, that if he did not sign a paper which was placed before them, they would hang or kill him:— They then asked him about Jacob Banatah, who had his hands cut off at Mogadore; and told him, that if he did not tell every thing he knew about what had occurred there, they would serve him in the same way. They then locked him in the room, where he was confined between two and three hours. Mr. MINSHULL said, that he did not exactly P ee that this statement bore out the charges against the defendants. Mr. HALLS observed that the offence appeared to him to be the forcing of the complainant, by threats, to sign some paper. Mr. MiNsnum, directed the interpreter to ask the complainant whether he had been forced by the de fendants to sign a paper against his will, and what the document contained. The complainant replied in the affirmative. . Mr. Wiltshire, in reply to the charge, said that the complainant had lived in his service for the last four years anti upwards. About ten months ago he brought him to this country from Mogadore. Be. sides the complainant, he (Mr. Wiltshire) had in his service, while he resided with his family at Mo gadore, two other male domestics. One of them was named Jacob Banatah, and the other was a boy named Selimo. Some time previous to his leaving Mogadore he discovered that money had been stolen from the iron chest in his counting-house, by what means he could not at the time discover. He left Mogadore in December last, with his wife and fa m;ly, accompanied by the complainant. Soon after his arrival in England, Mr. Robinson returned to Mogadore, and had with him a bag containing 200 dollars. Six of these he had taken out for his own use, and soon after he missed 10 dollars from the bag, and afterwards six more. Upon this Mr. Ro binson called the servants together, and sooner than subject themselves to be charged before the Go vernor, they made up the 16 dollars between them. Some time after this had taken place, Mr. Robinson happened to be down stairs, and discovered Banatah the cook, in the act of applying a false key to a chest where money was deposited. Mr. Robinson imme diately caused the cook to be taken into custody, and had him brought before the Governor to whom I he confessed that his f e ll ow - servan t s an d himself had been for several months carrying on a system of rob bery, by means of false keys. The Governor find ing that Mr. Robinson, according to the Mahotne dan laws of that country, was determined to bring the matter before the Emperor of Morocco, determined to decide the case himself; and, accordingly, having the confession of Banatah before him, he ordered him to be brought out of prison, and had both his hands cut off agreeably to the law respecting theft. Banatah died in prison soon after. Mr. HALLS hoped that if such were the law of Mogadore, it would never be introduced into this country. Mr. Wiltshire continued his statement, and said that about two months ago he received information from Mogadore of the circumstances which occurred there after his departure. He was then residing in Egham. He came to town on the 17th of Sept., Mr. Robinson having arrived from Mogadore on the previous Sunday. From that gentleman he learned a more detailed account of the robbery; and the next morning, after breakfast, he took the com plainant with him to the house of his brother, who resides at Hoxton. On his arrival there he took the lad into the counting-house, and told him in Arabic that if he gave him the full particulars of the robbe ries of which himself and fellow -servants had been guilty, he (Mr. Wiltshire)pledged him his word and honour that no confession which he should make should operate aganst him on his return to Moga dore. The complainant then confessed, in presence of him (Mr. Wiltshire) and Mr. Robinson, the sys tem of plunder which had been carried on in Moga dore. Ile said that the cook had had false keys, by means of which he had access to all the property. Ile then described minutely the manner in which the cook, Selimo, and himself used to act, and enume- I rated a great variety of valuable articles which they had stolen. He (Mr. Wiltshire) then took pen, ink, and paper, and wrote down the complain ,,, t's con fession. Ile then read it over to him, once in Arabic, and once in English, and the complainant siened the paper without the slightest compulsion. They then took a coach and returned home, and the complainant continued in his service a week after, during which time he had the perfect use of his liberty, going out several times with his (Mr. Wilt shire's) youngest child, and a promise was made to him that Mrs. Wiltshire should not be informed of the part which he had acted in Mogadore. On the Monday week after the above conversation, the Com plainant obtained permission to go out for a holyday, in order to celebrate one of the Jewish festivals, which happened upon that day. He went out and did not return, nor did he (Mr. Wiltshire) hear any thing of him until he read in a morning paper of that day, that the complainant had been before Sir R. 13iinie, at Bow-street ; upon reading which he im mediately came to this office, to meet any charge that might be preferred against him. Mr. MlNsuuLt.—Now, Sir, having heard your statement, I require you to produce the paper which the complainant has sworn you forced him to sign. Mr. Wiltshire produced a paper, and the Magis trate desired the Clerk to read it. The paper pur ported to be the confession of the complainant, and described various thefts in which the cook, the boy Selimo, and himself, had been concerned. Mr. J. Isaacs asked Mr. Wiltshire whether the object of the document was not to furnish evidence to prosecute the boy Selimo at Mogadore ? Mr. Wiltshire acknowledged that the paper was for that purpose. Mr. MINSHULL said, if that were the case, the charge, in his opinion, assumed a very serious shape. It was not to be tolerated that a confession should be wrung from an individual in a free country like this, in order to ground a prosecution for felony in a distant part of the world. Mr. HALLS—And where, it appears, they think very little of cutting off a man's hands, which would most likely be the fate of the boy Selimo, if this confession were forwarded to Mogadore. Mr. MiNstnni. said he should certainly feel it his duty to detain the paper, which he considered to be a document of an illegal description. He then directed the interpreter to ask the complainant again whether he had signed the paper through fear. The complainant declared positively, that he sign ed his name through fear either that he should be hanged or have his hands cut off. Mr. Wiltshire's brother declared that the com plainant was unworthy of belief. " And vet," said Mr. HALLS, "you think his credit good enough to make a confession which might cause the death of a fellow-creature." Mr. MINSHULL observed, that the offence in his opinion, was one of a very aggravated nature. The complainant, no matter what was his country, was here under the protection of English laws, and it was a gross breach of those laws to endeavour by threats to force him to an act that might compass the death of a third party. Mr. Wiltshire denied that he had used any threats, and said that there was a conspiracy among the Jews, amongst whom the prisoner was now living, to get money from him. Mr. Isaacs denied that there was any conspiracy, and said that the complainant's statement spoke for itself. A Moorish gentleman, attired in the costume of his country, wko has resided in this country for many years, was called forward by Mr. Wiltshire, to prove that the complainant had made a similar confession to that which Mr. Wiltshire had obtained in writing, subsequently to the date of that instru ment. He failed, however, to prove that fact. Mr. MINSUULL then said, that he would not go into the matter any further. Enough had been proved before him to warrant him in calling upon both defendants to put in bail, which must be to a considerable amount, as the offence was one of a very serious nature. He should call upon both gentlemen to fine two sureties, who would be hound for their appearance elsewhere in the sum of 2.501., and they must also give bail themselves in 5001. each. This was the moat favourable point of view in which he could consider the offence of which they had been guilty. The defendants found the required bail, and were liberated. DI ARLBORO U GH-STREET. Yesterday Stephen Sandford, and. Sarah Sand fi)rd, his wife, and William Leslie, charged v. ith being concerned in the burglary committed at the house of Messrs. Stultz, the tailors, in Clifford street, on the night of Friday week last, and now also charged with several burglaries at the house of Mr. Edge, the solicitor, in Essex-street, Strand, were brought before Mr. CONANT for re-examina tion. At the examination of Sandford on the former day, it was learned that he resided at a house in Grange -court, Clare-market, where his wife, the female prisoner, also lived with him; and on fur ther inquiry, Mr. Pitcher, the solicitor for Messrs. Stultz, discovered that the landlord of this house was the prisoner Leslie, who had for a considerable time been in the employ of Messrs. Stultz as a jour neyman, but is now a master-tailor on his own ac count, and it was therefore determined to appre hend Leslie on suspicion of being concerned in the burglary ; but from the moment that Stephen Sand ford was apprehended, Leslie disappeared from his house, and was never to be found there, although the officers searched for him at all hours of the day and night. A stratagem to catch him was at length resorted to by the officers, and that was by leaving a summons at the house for him to appear yesterday as a witness, and give evidence against Sandford as landlord of the house, and leaving word that it was merely for this purpose that he was wanted, and into the trap the prisoner completely fell, for yester day morning he presented himself very boldly at the office, and handed in his summons, when he was in stantly taken into custody, and placed with the other prisoners at the bar. Two watchmen, who were stationed near Messrs. Stultz's house on the night of the burglary, stated that about twelve o'clock on that night, the prisoner Leslie came up to them, and after getting into con versation with them for a little time, asked them to go with him to a public-house, and he would give them as much ale as they could drink; but they refused to do so. The prisoners were remanded for a week. RAIL-WAY EXPERIMENT.—On Wednes day several gentlemen assembled on the level piece of rail way between Edgehill and the Wavertree-road, to witness the trial of rail-way carriage wheels on Mr. WlNNares principle. The carriage and wheels weighed llcwt. I qr. 316 a., and was loaded with pig iron, weighing 3 tons, lqr. cwt. 211bs. making a total of weight to be moved 3 tons, I I cwt. 2grs. 241bs. A contrivance for ascertaining the requisite power or weight to move the above was used, and had previously obtained the sanction of two eminent engi neers ; and every means resorted to obtain a fair result, being assisted by the overlookers, and some men from the company's depot, to keep the rail-way clear and clean. The carriage and weight were moved along the road at various speeds, and with 1011)8., 121b5., 151b5., 171bs. and 191b5., from which the following proportionate results were deduced :—I lb. moved 334, and kept it moving 41 miles per hour; Ill). moved 470, and kept it moving miles per hour ; and I lb. moved 616, and kept it moving 23- miles per hour. When motion was first given by other power to the carriage, th,n I lb. with 617, kept it moving 4k miles per hour; and 111,, with 800, kept it moving: when 121 b. 12oz. and upwards were used to bring the carriage and load forward, it invariably tamed in speed. On the whole, the results were highly satisfac tory, and from them it would appear that a horse's work on the rail-road, at a slow speed, may be brought to ap proximate much nearer to his work on a canal than, per haps, had been generally imagined, One point seemed to be fuunderi that this p r i nc i p l e h as greater advan tagesl eabB a li g b utk speed th an under a s l ow one , for wheny established, considerable speed was given at first, by other re .peetive weights than whe n t r i e d un d er a slow ape. d.— Liverpool Chronicle. power, the speed was better kept u p or i nere ase,l by the MONTHLY AGRICULTURAL REPORT. Ellman's late sale, his fine flock of South Downs rendered capital prices. We have at length had the benefit of some i The farmers, stated by themselves to be O tl:fine harvest days, commencing from the d a y pre- the very verge of bankruptcy an d ru i n , ea t e n L vious to the commencement of the autumnal ' by high rents, tithes, and taxes, are yet describe' quarter ; but we scarcely dare trust to the con- l by themselves, as eagerly catching at every far": that is vacant. Their p ros p ec t f or t h e ens uing of the blessing. Thitherto, all weather winter is said to be m os t a pp a llin g , and that o ° wisdom had become foolishness—the shephe r d had lost his forecast the silver moon her in- one can foresee how, or by wh a t p oss ibl e me aloli , the great surplus of l a b ourers can b e f e d and fluence, and the barometer itself was often at supported. • The poor Irish labourers, in - varion l : Darts of the country, hav e b een excessively an d fault. Hope told a flattering tale : the farmer's expected blessing lasted but a few days, perad- ieven murderously ill-treated (such is the phraso venture a few hours. His corn was cut, either and their employers also, by our own. A's" to lie soaking and sprouting in continual wet, or suredly, our government police is deficient to] to be carried in a state liable to almost equal criminal degree, for their apathy in this casei2T damage. Undoubtedly, we ought to be con- more especially as relates to the manufacturial tended with our matrimony of the seasons, and I operatives. However opp resse d th e l a b o ure r to take them for better or for worse; but many may be, it must be a weak government indeed' a heart will ache at the reflections of the vast Ithat should entrust the remedy to his own paea ls. produce which would have been obtain e d f rom i We expressed a hope at th e comment - m/ 04 the fully replenished earth, during the late that our long and tedious harvest had arrived 14 season, with a propitious summer solstice. It 1 the conclusion ; on that opinion, however, tare recals to our memory the strange saying, s a id i n - f o ll ow i ng i s no very p l eas i ng commentary. deed many years since, of a humorous and letter from the Surrey Hills has this instal' shrewd old Suffolk ploughman, whose opinion j reached us, containing the following statement it was, " that if the old gentleman did some " What a state are we in ! the rains have re' good at one time, he was sure to do as much turned ; of the latter harvest a very little is car" mischief at another." As we lately hinted, there tied. Being suspicious of some wheat has been a curious contest of misrepresentation, carted, and covered heavily with straw, I opened from interested motives, respecting the state of it, when it was found matted and grown toga, the crops ; one party exaggerating the deficiency, ; tiler, nearly to the bottom, harvest, dressing, and the other, taking their text from their own, the ploughing, all corning together 1 However, l most favoured districts, scarcely allowing of any. iam not worse off than my n e i g hbo urs , some of Taking a correct view . of the whole, we appre- whom will end their farming career this seasonl hend, indeed we know too well, that the estimate 1 (Front the Scotsman.) of the former is too near the truth. In the present condition of the country, eve r i The late few fine days, we trust, have enabled a t other subject yields in int e r es t t o th e h arves t ; the farmers of the most backward soils to finish the result of this, we are ha `• in a fto say, far o e° A la narily laore fortunate, seems to have had the " this most unpropitious harvest. Scotland, oral- l onger a ma t ter o f doubt. Excep and late districts, th e co rn ma y now b e consider a greatest :share of the malignity of the presents all cut, and so far as we can j u d ge f rom Po' corral inspection, and the report s o f corres per season. In the Carse of Gowrie, and upon the dents, nine-tenths o f th e w h o l e are i n t h e MO*: best lands, wheat will be found far from an aver yard. It is admitt e d th a t th e crop will be rattl e ' age, and a great part of the crop will require the above than below a n average, and owing to th e assistance of the kiln. In Mid Lothian, all searching winds whi c h accompanied the We st a' . corn defective, quantity and quality—straw in plenty. In the higher, and less fertile parts, rains, the quality of th e gra i n h as su ffe re d m wheat is said to be below two-thirds, or even not less than many have im ag i ne d. F or some time more than half an average, with very few com- past the weather has been exce ll ent for rip lds 1 ening ; mendations of the quantity. Barley equally de- the potatoes. In some low lyi ng l eve l fi e fective. Beans still more so, quantity and is apprehended that they have su ff ere d slight) f' both in quantity and qu a lity, f rom th e water thatquality. Peas soft, and not plump or well lay between the drills, but t a k en i n th e a ggre j filled. Potatoes and turnips almost lost crops. gate, there is more th an an average crop , a" . Oats, as generally, throughout the island, per there are no grounds f or complaint as to the qua y of the north complaint is made, a strange onelily of hwhich 0 15 haps the best crop of the year. In many p a rt s those are daily brou g ht to ' , e indeed, the season considered, that th e fog., city. We have l oo k e d most anx i ous l y a t th after-grass, is defective, and that hay h as been progress of the harvest, and we rejoice at last to being able to say, that for this season the suffer a light crop. All corn crops in 'Wales are re-' being of the poor will not be aggravated by th e ported below an average ; in the less fertile parts evils of scarcity. In the weekly average price fo r the o ture, seems to have resisted the superabundance wheat, compared with that of the 11th ; a": of the season with more success than that of though this may be partly attributed to temporal/ her elder sister. The Irish crops are consider circumstances, our impression is, that the farme rs able, more particularly the wheat, a good propor tion of which, on the best and forwardest lands, may now lay their account with falling market s is reported as having been housed in fair condi- for some time. B u t we see no reason to thiok tion. Potatoes are a crop. In the Unit e d that prices will c o me d own so f ar as to d e prif° ' States of America the wheat crop is great, and them of the fair profits of their business. saved in fine condition ; and according to general report, more flour it is expected will be there made in the ensuing, than in any previous year. Upon the European continent, in many pints, and where time rains were not so prevalent, the corn crops are uncommonly plentiful. Perhaps in Lancashire and is vicinity, a con siderable part of the midland counties, and in Norfolk, the wheat crop is the largest, approach ing an average. Also in the best parts of De vonshire, and its neighbourhood, where the trees are broken down with the weight of the apples, and casks will scarcely be found to con tain the cider. Essex, Kent, and Suffolk, have probably grown more wheat this year by a quar ter per acre, than in the last, and time quantity, not very considerable, it is to be feared, saved in fair weather, exhibits a beautiful and weighty sample. Such samples, however, take Britain throughout, will not rise in great plenty from the present crop. The farmer's only indemnity, indeed, an inadequate one, must subsist in the greater measure afforded by damp and lough grain. In the northern countries, and generally in all poor lands, the wheat crop is greatly de fective, as well in quantity as worth of the sem i' • le The wheat throughout Britain will not pro bably exceed, if it actually reached, three fourths of an average crop. In Ireland, they boast of a full average of quantity, in which must necessarily be included, a considerable share of rough and damp corn. The corn laid by the high winds, early, and before it had attained maturity, has received immense damage. Vast breadths, in all parts, were-laid as flat as though they had been rolled, and the ripened corn blown from the ears, is said to equal in point of quan tity the amount of seed, This indeed is an ad ditional enrichment of the stubbles for the bene fit of the pigs ; while, from that most injudicious and hazardous practice of double crops, clover and corn, together with the general slovenly ne glect of culture, sheep and cattle food will outrun consumption. In fact, a great number of far mers do not possess time means of purchasing live stock to consume their provision, otherwise than on credit, and by mortgaging their next crop for that and other purposes. The vast loss and damage incurred from storms of wind and floods, in exposed situations, has been noticed in former reports ; and with respect to the latter, furrows and channels cut through the lands, have been resorted to for immediate relief. Flues in barns have been recommended to dry the corn which had not sufficient time in the field ; and in THE NEW POLICE. In the forenoon of yesterday, Mr. Coleman, one of the inspectors of the fifth division of police force' came to Hatton-garden Police-office, and stating r e the sitting Magistrate, Mr. ROGERS, the following circumstances, desired to know whether the super' intendent might not be vested with a discretional power under them, and others of a similar nature' About eight o'clock the night before a female brought to Eagle-street watch-house, and detaine d on a charge of being drunk and disorderly in t he street. The superintendent told her husband at th e time that if he called at the watch-house the follon' ing morning, when she was restored to sobriety, 1116 should be discharged, and permitted to return 1 1 ° e with him without putting either to any furthe r trouble. It was now 12 o'clock, and the female sti ll remained locked up at the watch-house, but 511 being scanty of clothing, and without shoes, and the day being rainy, he (the inspector) wished to kno'et for the information of the superintendent, whethe r , she might be discharged from the watch-house, whether it was compulsory upon him to send be t ' and all other persons in her circumstances in futu re, ,r to the o ffi ce, for examination b e f ore t h e Magistrat'h; Mr. RoGEas ordered th e i ns p ector to b r ing r'"„ female b e for e hi m to t h e o ffi ce , an d sa id t h at eyeri v individual put into the custody of the police tipon,i; cha.ge, must be brought under the Magistrates /. 1 ,„ risdiction, to b e di s p ose d o f accor di ng l y as the A c: 4 , cumstances of the case may requ i re . A s t o the u l ' r , cretionary power of the s u p er i n t en d ent , un der Ce lt mix special circumstances, he (Mr. Rogers) k g nothing; nor could he say one wor d a b ou t it; D i r t g if the superintendent wi s hed t o b e i n f orme d on subject, he had better ma k e a ppli cat i on to the o e cretary of State. The section from Gray's-inn-lane east, embracinf Leather-lane, Hatto n - gar d en , S a ff ron -hill, and th adjoining streets as far as Clerkenwell on one aids' and the city on the other, was added to the fifth vision, and placed under t h e superintendence of thy police force last night. '• Mr. LAIN G t o ld Inspector Smith, of the sand dir vision, that the officers belonging to this offiee w° l, ld be in attendance to conduct the police o nstalo over this section, and to acquaint them with 8 1 4 h parts of it as required most their vigilance. 1"... Laing drew the att e n t i o n o f th e i ns p e ctor la a par", cedar manner to Field-lane and West -street, runnifiP into Saffron-hill, which, he said, were nothing 01 ! thin dens of thieves and prostitutes, and desired th e b suspected persons found lurking about either of those streets after the first night, should be taken tit he custody, or driven into the city. He expected t tne. most important benefits to resu lt t o soc i e ty from h . , organization of the new police force. the view of the present harvest and that of 1823, in a considerable degree similar to the present, those farmers who embraced the earliest oppor tunity, had the good fortune to be right, since of two evils it was the least, to cart their corn in a moist state, than to leave it abroad exposed to successive and continued rains. It is said there will be a much greater quantity found blighted, rusted, and mildewed, than has been generally reported. Of barley, the quantity will be consi derable, but fine malting samples at no rate plentiful. The winter beans, not a common crop, have succeeded best, and the old practice of pulling instead of cutting them, has been much, from necessity, recurred to, attended with state, that the disadvantage of the produce being mi xe d with lumps of earth. No notice whatever , from any quarter, of wheat sowing ; and the fallows are in such a forpu. p a ddled d new and crop, gettinag in the whe a t r - take of much oi h attended the harvest s A considerable quantity of wh ea t w ill b e i n de mand for the seed, no in consequent i a l i tem af ter e( iiff ictt fo y u l is which il as pro b able to pa r take a short crop ; and it seems the general opinion, that the stocks of flour in the hands of the meal men and bakers, are low beyond all late prece dent. The general prices of live stock are much the same as our last, with a similar variation from different parts : in some, store sheep are said to be dearer by four shillings a head. At Mr. BIRTHS. On the 29th ult. Mrs. Kingdon, New Bank-building 4 of a son. On the 29th tilt., in Upper Brook-street, La d y Etai Posey, of a still-born child. MARRIED. On the 30th ult. at Windmill-hill, How a rd Elphins W iy Se' Esq. only son of Sir H. Elphi ns t one , .Bart. C.B. to t boll Julia, youngest daughter of E. Curtail), E B 9•P Ph. fur the county of Sussex. Oa the Ist inst. at St. George's, Hanover-squere'd e et Jim-s, Esq. late of Trelawney, Jamaica, to Emily, c' o d, daughter of Thos. Rich a rd son , Esq. M.D. of Brent v" Essex. x t s On the Ist inst. at Milf o rd, H an t s , T. Lea ve d Saumatez, Esq. second ton of Admiral Sir J. Si' Bart. G.C.8., to Catherine Spencer B e re s ford, Y °ll ; J oe daughter of the late gallant Col. Vassal ; and at the s he time and place, the Rev. E. P. Henslowe, Chaplei" w ipe. Royal Artillery at Woolwich, to Honora Mary G e l;ter° eldest daughter of that distinguished officer. The A' General of the Ordnance gave the bride away. DIED A p olo, On the Qd inst. in Newman-street, Anthony ' E.q. aged SS. 10.1)' of On the 29th ult. at Clifton, R. N. Newman , Thornbury Park, Gloucestershire. , OW On the 28th ult. in Suffolk-place, London, J• den, Esq. of L isburn,lreland. William Wil'°t3' On the Ist inst., at Hastings, Mr. aged 3fl. 0 , of On the Ist inst. Susanna, wife of Mr. Henry De Fore-street, Cripplegate. .........---..--. rILINTED AND PUBLISIIED BY 0 1.00 I"Qi* ca,... IeeA.IVR. DO YOUNG,- Ar romr rm. 1 1