The Sun. — London, England, 1858-09-06 00:00:00

ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Manager, Mr. Edmund Falconer. TRIUMPHANT SUCCESS OF THE NEW COMP.I'DY. THIS EVENING, EXTREMES ; or, Men of th e Day. Supported by Messrs. Emery, Falconer, Rogers, I iarrett, Mesdames Charles Young, Weston, and Miss Kate Sa: con. To conclude with the New Farce, KICKS AND F [ALF PENCE. Messrs. Emery, J. Rogers, and Barrett. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7. Bo x-ofnee open from 11 to 5 daily. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARiKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, will be performed THE WA :17 TO KEEP HIM. Messrs. Buckstone , Howe, a nd Farren.; Mrs. C. Sinclair. After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE GUADAL QUIVER. Perea Nena. Followed b A WICKED WlFMiss Reynolds.: To conclude y with A KISS IN T H E DARK. Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEA Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborongh. WILL RE-OFEN for the WINTER SKASON TO-NIG HT 147 Cht.rles September 6, with a new and original oomedi, Esq., entitled THE LAST OF THE P G AIL:S, in Selby , whicl Miss Swanborough, Miss Ternan, Mrs. Selby, WV 3rs. C. Selby, J. Bland, and J. Clarke will make their appearwice. Followed by A ROUGH DIAMOND. Miss M. Oliver and Mrs. Leigh Murray. To conclude with FAMILY JARS. Miss E. Wilton. RE. Commence at 7 o'clock. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.— OPEN EVERY EVENING.—The following Cor apany of Vocalists are engaged for the performance of Sek &tons from all the popular OPERAS, MADRIGALS, CHORI :SEs, GLEES, DUETS, &c., viz.:—Miss Russell, Mrs. Badsey, Miss Brunel!, Miss Ray, Madame Bartoletti, Miss Montague, Mrs. Lawrence, and Mrs. Anderson ; Herr F. Jonglarmans, Mr. Henshaw, S. Jones, J. Barker, W. Melling, Senor .A.ntanio, E. L. lime, Mr. Badsey, Senor Tiroli, Mr. Cozens, Mr. Bell, Mr. Barnard, and Mr. St. Albyn. Mr. John G. Forde and E. W. Mackney. Pianoforte, Mr. Cecil Hicks—Harmonium, Mr. Courtnay—Director, Herr F. Jonghmans. Commence at 7 precisely. Suppers, &c., until 12 o'clock. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, SEPT. 5.. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 69—highest since noon yesterday. 56—lowest this morning and during the night. 65—this day at noon. .BAROMETER-29'82. WIND, S.W.; light and fine. Heavy showers with thunder and sheet lightning in the afternoon. SEPT. 6. 68—highest since noon yesterday. 51—lowest this morning and during the night. 64—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29 . 89. WIND, S.W., rather fresh, with cloudy wcath er. Heavy rain last night. THE SUN. MONDAY. SEPTEMBER 6, 180. ELSEWHERE in our impression o f : this evening we publish the fragment of a very remarkable letter giving us a. succinct o' . tount of the capture of Kotah, written. bjr the hand of an actual eye witness. It will 'be understood more clearly, after the perusal of this singularly graphic and deeply interesting 'document, how it is that the mention of that using of Kotah on the 31st March, 1858, is pro-auctive, among those who watch with intenF e solicitude the fortunes of our gallant soldiers in IlindDstan, chiefly, if not entirely, of a sense of very bitter mortification. Let us briefly give an epitome of the more ex traordinary facts recounted in this really startling narrative, penned by this observant and, we believe we may add also, authoritative correspondent. It appears, then, that about the close of last year, during the December of 1857, the Bth Hussars and the 17th Lancers arrived together at Bombay on board the Great Britain; that a month elapsed before sufficient horses were procured to enable these troops to advance from Bombay towards the mat of war, their ultimate and obvious destina ; that not, in fact, until the 22nd of January, 1858, were they actually embarked for their re moval further northwards, for their march overland to the actual scene of the insurrection. Before the ocul c , zc vii crosier vuu vital ur Junin 01 tiutca, some where in the vicinity, we presume, of Rhadunpoor. Marching by way of Deese, Pallunpoor, and Oodypoor, towards Kotah, they are a dis tance from the lad - mentioned place of just sixty-six miles after a toilsome and ing, indeed, the chivalrous proof given by them of that heroic eagerness—when, within five hours and a half from the time of their arrival on the camping ground, jaded by a long march of 49 hours, after two months' weary journey inland from the seaport of Mandavee, there they were at seven a.m. on the 30th of March—a portion of a latterly hurried journey, occupying, as nearly as possible, two whole months in its performance— when an urgent despatch is received by the com manding officer from the Brigadier-General, then before Kotah, bidding them hasten onward with all possible rapidity. The intervening ground is passed over swiftly enough in consequence of this most pressing communication. It is traversed, in fact, so quickly, that, after forty-nine hours' additional marching, the cavalry ride into their camping ground before Kotah at half-past one on the morn ing of Tuesday, the 30th of March. Then follow those extraordinary proceedings which resulted in the calamity—we can call it by no other name—of the rebels marching out by the eastern gate of Kotah unmolested (though within a distance of half a dozen miles from the spot where the British cavalry were posted), carrying off with them in their retreat (not their flight, but their retreat, for we read that they " marched off in good order"), 600 lakhs of rupees, their guns, and ammunition ! How this astonishing result came to pass will be seen at a glance from the perfectly lucid and care fully detailed narrative of the correspondent re ferred to. The rebels with their artillery and their treasures escaped from US—not by a surprise ! They were literally trapped in Kotah. We had every means of surrounding them and preventing the chance of their slipping away, as they did, un harmed, scot-free, with all their booty, and all the means of carrying on elsewhere the bloody work of the sepoy rebellion. Yet they were " off"—and " away "—by two of the clock on that same unfortunate Tuesday after- noon ! Notwithstanding the eagerness of the gallant Bth Hussars to prevent the possibility of any such lamentable occurrence ! Notwithstand- brilliant cavalry brigade, 1,500 strong, splendidly officered, ready for sharp work, ready for any thing ! The river skirting the town on one side had to be forded so as to enable the cavalry to form up before the eastern gate--the gate by which the rebels e scape d some - hours afterwards ! The brigade moves on, at 7 a.m., to the ford accordingly: but—arrived at it—their movements are delayed by the untoward circumstance of its being blocked up by the baggage camels. Directly these animals are sufficiently cleared aside, a troop of Jacob's famous Scinde Horse (" fine dashing fellows! " quoth the writer in an admiring parenthesis) got clear over without much difficulty. The Bth Hus sars begin to cross in their turn—have got midway in the stream, among the rocky der bou comes " lders in Files mid channel—when the astoundm b or about." The melancholy sequel will be found in , x t strikingly related in the letter of this naturally in dignant correspondent. How came it to pass Where is the blame ? Whence that surprising countermand of the original order for the advance movement ? Why that subsequent apathy ? The incident is one surely demanding investigation. The arena of Education contests is now changed for a while. " The masses" have been the object of contention for a long time, it is now the "middle .... ._„.O. ~,.....1.,,...,0„...vi• MA , .' - 4.,„ ''' 'I S :4.4 - - - -("0 - 11r : ,„1Q2..V - , 14' i *- • z ' "In , ;---42' •'-4-1'•;10- 7 , pn 1 4t.... - classes." Lord JOHN• RUSSELI, and Sir JOHN PA KINGTON are hardly heard of now; their weary business has been to get the different and hostile sects to tolerate anything that coul I be called national education for those who could afford but twopence a week or nothing a week, and to per suade the twopenny-class teachers, committees, and patrons to submit the results of their work to Government Inspectors. To a large extent they have succeeded, and the National and British Schools have, for the more part, teachers possessing more or less of capacity verified by normal school train ing and by Inspectors' supervision ; some of them have obtained what might be almost called a diploma in their own line—such testimonials from the authorities as would gain them a good National School appointment at any time if they wanted one, The examinations of the children, we know, also to have been attended with good results, in aiding competent masters, and in encouraging them and the children under their care, by stimulating emula tion, and also iii exposing the incompetent, both schools and masters, to the notice of their employ ers, and the subscribers to the school. It is now the turn of the middle classes. The boys of the National Schools had been of late far better cared for than those of the classes next above them. The sharp lad at the National School was superseding the alumnus of the private school, at least in what a London Alderman once toasted as " the three Rs". The chances were that he could equal or surpass in them tb,e boy whose parents were above sending him to a British and Foreign or a National School. He would read and write as well, and in arithmetic beat him hollow. Some thing was now needed to make sure that the sons of him of "the three Rs". should at least surpass their father in the lessons taught by VYSE and MAYOR. Very natural, therefore, was it that the st thought should be to find efficient and trust rarthy inspectors for the • schools above the class which could ask or receive national support, and most creditable was it to Pxford that she should be the first to offer public examinations by men Whose competency and superiority to improper in fluences it was impossible to doubt. From the beginning we hailed the movement as one for 'which every parent with two or three hundred a year and upwards, to live on; ought to be thankful. The University Examinations cannot, we imagine, fail to raise the standard of education. The schoolmasters will be compelled to meet the re quirements of the examiners. Public opinion will require it, and we shall witness a growing demand for competent teachers, since both parents will prefer the schools where they are proved to (mist already, and the masters who are deficient will be obliged to obtain them. at any cost to keep up a respectable school at all. .As to the result of the late examination, they are, we confess, very much what we should have anticipated. We should haVe supposed, indeed, that a greater number of masters would have been too well aware of the .general requirements of examiners to have sent such a large number who could be rejected on such humble matters as spell- ing and arithmtic, yet any educated man, the editor of a respectable newspaper, for instance, who has been accustomed to receive letters from many correspondents who have had the kind of education now exposed to -the test, is well aware how many of them do make orthographical mis takes which often surprise him. Perhaps an editor sees more of this kind of error than most persons, his middle-class correspondents having generally to travel out of their accustomed business topics when they address him. The orthography for prac if iii." ,3wriimnecura_ ta At 0 tYllrfill CAPTI il I , f1.13111 , 3a. ..i.t. the defectively known before. The number altogether rejected— : upwards of seven hundred out of eleven hundred and fifty—is indeed a very large proportion, and may seem, as some think, to show that it arose in part from the differ ence of University and common school systems ; yet, this would hardly explain the fact that of the juniors, three hundred and seventy-one, of the seniors two hundred and five, Tailed to pass the preliminary examinations—failed, that is, in "ortho graphy, writing, analysis and parsing. arithmetic, geography, English history-, and English composi tion"—and chiefly " in the orthography and arith metic." It seems idle to allege that any difference between University systems and the system of the humblest commercial schoolmaster, or of the most retired private teacher, fifty miles from any railway, can account for this. As we have said, we were not altogether surprised at the result. We too well know that " thorough" is not the word of the majority of schools for the majority of their pupils, nor even for those who pass for their best lads - and who are sent home with high characters ; we had long suspected that a great part of our middle-class education was of the most superficial kind. That the idea, so essential in all education, of pelfect mastery of the subjects professedly taught, as far at least as the children go, is almost entirely wanting. It is essential to the reputation of the school that the child should have read certain bOks in Latin, or have done certain sums in arith metic, or be able to talk of his achievements with the globes, and show, perhaps, fair-looking copy books. MURRAY'S grammar he must, of mune, also have repeated and be able to repeat, whether he can write off-hand a grammatical and correctly spelled sentence or not. But the five hundred and seventy-six failures, in the elemen tary subjects just mentioned, show but too plainly that our apprehensions were not groundless, and that the great mass of middle-class education did need just the probing and testing which is now to be applied to it. • Private schools and private lunatic asylums have one point in common ;, it' is: the interest of those who manage them to deceive those who place the children or the lunatics: in, their respective institu tions ; they have, indeed, another point in common, that it is often difficult for those who trust them to judge of the state of those placed by them beneath their care. The schoolmasters' bread depends not on the actual, but on the supposed attainments of his pupils, of which the parents, even setting aside the tendency of parental pride to think the best of our sons, are, too frequently, but incompetent judges ; just as in the other case, the keeper of the private asylum lives by the presumed madness of his wards, while those who place them under his care, are, at least they are told they are, incompetent to tell whether a man be mad or not. The boy must have succeeded, and the alleged lunatic must be a real one, or the source of gain is dried up. We are not indicting all schoolmasters of direct fraud, but in both cases the danger is great ; in the former, which now concerns us, it is plain that there are numerous teachers up to the mark them selves and able to bring their scholars up to it. Their number will increase by hundreds, when a few examinations have taught what is really wanted. It will become a necessity for masters who would have first-class pupils, to be able to get his pupils through the public examinations. The schools which succeed there will swallow up the others, unless they rise at once to the required standard. We shall soon not see the prizes brought home from school by the boy who must in this way adyertise it to au father's and mother's friends, THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 6, 1858. but the certificates by which impartial examination will advertise it to the public, if master and scholar deserve it. We have frequently referred to the enormous and oppressive charges by \which railway proprietors and shareholders are oppressed. It is not merely the interest of the heavy outlay for litigation and the purchase of land, increased to a least tenfold its ordinary price when required for railway purposes, nor is it that on the sums expended in defending the territory which they had acquired against un warrantable aggression, and saving, or rather striving to save, even the invaders from what must inevitably prove serious losses. They are still subjected to most unfair and inequitable taxa tion, and, as was recently happily remarked, where taxation ends, " rating begins." Between the two, more than 20 per cent, of the net profits of the undertaking are absorbed, and the shareholders, while mourning over disappointed hopes and diminished dividends, have at least the satisfaction of thinking that they contribute Largely to the exigencies of the National Ex chequer, mad save the inhabitants of every parish through which the line is carried nearly three-fourths of their parochial burdens, besides in- creasing the value of the holdings to an almosl abulous extent. The Hon. JAMES BYNG, at the meeting of the South Eastern Railway Company, clearly and dis tinctly pointed out several of the grievances to which the railway interest is liable, and of which it has just cause of complaint. The case was temperately stated. He brought forward stubborn facts and figures on every point, starting from the very commencement of the undertaking, and showing the changes and variations in the Legislative mind, all of which have told heavily on the profits of the shareholders. The first falling off was occasioned by matters wholly beyond the con trol of the directors. It was a diminution in what has properly been termed the long traffic, amount ing to no less than £15,900 on the half-year, the greater part whereof would have been available for dividend. It is almost unnecessary to say that this was chiefly occasioned by the difficulties sub sisting with France in the commencement of the year, and the additional restrictions introduced into the passport system, the truculent addresses of the French Colonels, ostentatiously paraded in the columns of the Moniteur, the speech of M. DE MORNY, the despatch of Count WALEWSKI, and even the opinions promulgated by M. DE PERSIGNY —a known friend to the English alliance—all de terred parties from visiting the Continent, and thus abstracted money from the coffers of the Company. It is, however, gratifying to know that these causes have been nearly, if not altogether, removed, and that the Continental traffic of the Company's rail way and steamboats has again almost risen to the former standard• But although this shows that the evil has ter minated, it does not enter into the ac counts submitted to the meeting of Thurs day last. It will tell materially on the next dividend, although it was excluded from that just declared. There was, however, " balm in Gilead," even during the season of depression. The increase in the home traffic fully counterbalanced the decrease in the Continental, so that they were enabled to announce, doubtless, to the very agreeable surprise of the shareholders, the same dividend as that paid at the correspond ' ing period of last year. Considering the general depreciation of railway property, arising from the monetary crisis, the - enhanced rate of interest, and the commercial depression, this was an extraordi _ congratulate themselves. However gratifying the statement of the chair man must have been to the shareholders, he enunciated some wholesome truths in reference to the grievances to which the South-Eastern Com pany had been subjected in common with all the other companies. The nation had certainly not exercised a paternal care over the vigorous infant that was rapidly rising to maturity. On the con trary, they were regarded as fair game, on which all could prey. They were of the greatest benefit to all classes of the community, but in place of being sustained and supported, every possible dis couragement was offered to railway enterprise. We shall not now allude to the restrictions imposed on the undertaking in the first instance, or that they were not permitted. to carry out their original intentions, although what was originally considered as a fatal objection was made the ground for introducing a competing line, which can only pay by abstracting a portion of the company'q traffic. We look to the present burdens—the taxes last year amounting to no less than £62,500, more than 10 per cent. on the company's profits, and the rates to £59,800, the aggregate being 20 per cent. on its nett gains. This should be altered. It only requires a few such statements as that of Mr. BYNG, pointing out the extent of the injustice to which the railway interest has been subjected, to ensure redress. We cannot conclude our article relating to the South-Eastern Company without expressing the deep regret with which we have to announce the lamented death of Mr. JAMES M`GREGOR, M.P. for Sandwich, and formerly chairman of the company, a situation which he filled with ability, fidelity, and zeal during circumstances of extraordinary diffi culty. Mr. M`GREGOR was in the prime of life, having been born in 1808, and consequently in his 50th year. The death was painfully sudden, a few hours only having elapsed between the attack and its termination. We pay the tribute of cordial respect and admiration to his useful and honourable career, and tender our earnest sympathy to his be reaved and mourning family. THE ATLANTIC CABLE. The following notice has been received, signed by the Secretary of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, and dated Valentin, Saturday, Sept. 4, 11.45 a.m. : " Sir,--I am instructed by the directors to state that, owing to some cause, at present not ascer tained, but believed to arise from a fault existing in the cable at a point hitherto undiscovered, th er e have been no intelligible signals from Newfound land since one o'clock on Friday morning, the 3d inst. The directors are now at Valentia, and, aided by various scientific and practical electricians, are investigating the cause of the stoppage with a view to remedy the existing difficulty. Under these circumstances no time can at present be named for opening the wire to the public.--Yours truly, " GEORGE SAWARD, Secretary." DEATH OF MR. JAMES M'GREGOR.—We regret to learn that Mr. James M'Gregor, the late chairman of the South-Eastern Railway Company, expired at an early hour yesterday morning, under painfully sudden circumstances. Mr. M'Gregor, at 4 o'clock on Friday afternoon, called at the shop of Mr. Douglas, hair-dresser, in New Bond-street, and inquired if the assistant who usually attended on him was disengaged, and the words had scarcely escaped his lips when he fell, and on being raised was found unconscious. Medical assistance was promptly obtained, and the eminent gentleman called in at once pronounced the case that of para lysis. The unfortunate gentleman remained in the same lamentable state at Mr. Douglas's until 7 o'clock yesterday morning, when he died. In the course of the day his corpse was removed to his private residence, in Eccleston square, Pimlico. The deceased gentleman was intimately connected with, and well known to, the leading commercial men of Liverp oo l an d th e c ity o f London, particularly after he became the chairman of the South-Eastern Railway Com p\ ,gb a ro. ae n rsao y rtue , gt m uh , r nh ability, fe s des: Sandwich fn ff ndt a isr cer a hvnh very nrny s u s u nu p e 1552 c fe r i ae v n s os t ofu e nu i n r a d bc e ol d en t f ce o i rs r te conservativesui o nm m sl e tBa n y 4p7 e r nc a e fs s oc. ir he t principles. Mr. M'Gregor was boat is 1808, and was twice married, LATEST NEWS. MARSEILLES, SEPT. 4. Constantinople papers have arrived. The Pressc d'Orient states that for three days a perfect panic prevailed at Aleppo. The Mussul mans bought arms and closed the bazaars. The city was deserted, and it was only in consequence of the measures taken by the authorities that the general apprehensions were calmed. Nevertheless the Mussulmans continued to arm themselves, and to offer provocation to the Christians. According to the Journal de Constantinople, a similar panic had taken place at Tripoli, where it had only been dissipated by the arrival of a man of-war in the port. The trade in arms continues very active in Tur- The Municipal Commission at Constantinople having attempted to imprison some Europeans, M. de Thouvenal had convoked the representatives of the various Powers in order to arrange the affair. HAMBURG, SEPT. 4. It is stated from Copenhagen that tie definitive answer of the Danish Government to the Diet of Frankfort was agreed to yesterday, at a Cabinet Council presided over by the King, at the Castle of Stadsborg. Baron Bulow, who was present, is to set out to• morrow for Frankfort, and will be the bearer 01 this answer. FRANCE. PARIS, SUNDAY "It is reported," says a Paris letter in the Journal du Havre, " that Abdul-Mazis, brother of the Sultan Abdul-Medjid, will shortly visit France. Should that take place, it will be an event without precedent in the annals of the history of Turkey!" There is no truth in the report which has been circulated of a rapprochement between Austria and Russia. The two Courts continue in the same uncomfortable position which they have occupied towards each other since the conclusion of the Crimean war—neither peace nor war, but some thing between the two. It is stated here that the treaty between England and France on the one hand, - and China on the other, contains fifty-seven 'articles, and that the indemnity to be paid England and France amounts to 500,000,000 f. The Glanzer, of St. Quentin, which succeeded the lGuctteur, the journal lately suspended, an nounces that the Emperor has relieved the tespon sible editor of the latter from the condemnation to five months' imprisonment pronounced on him. Lord Palmerston dined yesterday with Baron de Rothschild at his -country-house near the Bois de Boulogne. The International Commission, convoked at Paris for the examination of questions relative to the im provement of the mouths of the Danube, has pub lished its report, signed by MM.. Alb. Tostain, Fowke, Leutze, and Menabrea, commissioners of France, England, Prussia, and Sardinia. It has directed that the river should be navigated by the St. George's Channel. BOURSE, Sept. 4.—The market has been flat, and the excitement of the last two days has sub sided. Threes have been done at 71fr. 40c. - and' 71fr, 50c. Mobilier from 830 fr. to 840 fr.; Austrian, 670 fr. to 672. 50c. ; Orleans, 1,360 fr. to 1,352 fr. 50c.; Lyons, 822 fr. 50c. to 825 fr.; Northern, 960 fr. to 962 fr. 50c.; Eastern, 722 fr. 50c. to 725 fr.; and Southern, 565 fr. to 570 fr. The following were the closing quotations :- 4/ per Cents. .... 97 75 Credit Foncier 610 Do. end month .. 98 Belgian 4t . 3 per Cents. 7l 35 Picdmontese (5) . . Do. end month.... 71 40 Homan Bank Shares'. 3125 Austrian Credit llobilier .. 827 50 Spanish Threes Do. Account ..... 825 Home Debt 39 50 15 Northern New (lift- 955 - 805 - • - 1;3152 ▪ 952 50 805 822 50 lv ew .;o Lyons and Mediterranean New ditto .. - Geneva ... Midi Western.... Eastern Grand Central Sardinian Austrian 673 75 825 - 617 50 .. 615 - 562 50 .. 562 50 632 50 .. 627 50 727 50 .. 725 460 - RUSSIA. A St. Petersburg letter of the 26th ult. says "A telegraphic despatch announces the arrival the Grand Duke Michael and the Grand Duchess, his wife, at Kaffa, in the Crimea. The preparatory works for the railway, which will doubtless be the means of enabling the Crimea to recover from the disasters caused by the war, are now in full activity. The company have just published a notice to the effect that the loan of 85 millions of roubles, which it is about to contract, will be issued in 70,000 bds. of 500 roubles each, bearing interest at 4 per cent. Ten per cent. or 50 roubles must be paid at the time of subscribing." than ever. His removal has been received by the anti-parliamentarian parties with marked pleasure, and by the friends of constitutional government with regret. THE FALL OF KOTAIi. The following narrative is extracted from a letter written by one who actually witnessed the very curious proceedings here recounted : "We left Bombay, where we arrived with the Bth Hussars and 17th Lancers in the Great Bri tain on the 22d of January, having remained rather more than a month in Bombay for the purpose of procuring horses. " Well, on the 22d of January we embarked for Mandavee, a seaport in the Gulf of Cutch. From thence we have marched via Deesa to Kotah, a journey which, although very much hurried at last, occupied exactly two months. When we had arrived at 66 miles from Kotah we received a despatch to hasten us, and we marched up in 49 hours. "It was on Tuesday, the 30th March, at half past one in the morning, that we rode into our camping ground before Kotah, neither men nor horses being, as you may suppose, particularly fresh. An order was given the commanding officer, before the troops had dismounted, that he was to parade his men at seven o'clock to march with the rest of the _cavalry and artillery to a ford in the river seven miles distant, which they were to cross, go on to the other side of the town, and form up before the eastern gate, to prevent the rebels from escaping should they attempt to do so. Kotah is surrounded on one side by a broad, deep river ; on another by a large lake, so that only two gates, opening on a large, open plain, afforded facilities for escape. The town was to be bombarded in the morning. The infantry, whom the Rajah (in a fright, now that the English were come) agreed to admit through his palace gate—were to storm about 10 a.m. ; and soon after that time the cavalry were supposed to be in readiness outside. Nothing could have been better in theory. How it was reduced to practice you shall see. " The Cavalry Brigade started at 7 a.m., 1,500 strong. By some irregularity the baggage camels got ahead of the column, so when the brigade ar rived at the ford, they found it blocked up with these animals. After some time they were suffi ciently cleared away to allow the cavalry to ad vance, and a troop of Jacobs' Scinde Horse (very fine, dashing fellows) went across without much difficulty. The ford was very wide and difficult, from its bed being composed of slabs of rock, boul ders, and large masses of stones. When the Bth Hussars had begun to cross, and had got half way' from some unaccountable cause the acting, brigadier gave the word ' Files about !' and when he allowed the men to face the river again, he made them all dismount, thereby rendering them inefficient in case of an attack, and leaving the Scinde horse un supported on the opposite shore, where they waited alone for upwards of an hour. All eventually got across, artillery and all. And what do you suppose he then did ? Halted the men, and there remained; and at two o'clock that afternoon the rebels walked out the of eastern gate of Kotah, hardly six miles from where the cavalry were, and escaped clean and clear, marching off in good order, and taking with them 600 lacs of rupees, and guns. " But of course,' you will say, when the officer in command saw his error he hastened to repair it.' On the contrary, the brigade remained where it was all that day and night. Next morning it made an entry worthy of Bombastes into Kotah, and returned to the original halting place by the ford. The next afternoon, at four o'clock, 52 hours after the mutineers had had a clear start, a small flying column was sent, in full marching order, on jaded horses, in pursuit. " This column is just now returned, after an absence of 11 days. Of course they did not over take the enemy, although they traced them by the dead bodies of men and women whom they mur dered in the villages, as they passed through into Gwalior. " Owing to an alarm raised in the night by the inhabitants of a large village,which they plundered, of The English are coming !' the flying rebels hastily resumed their march, leaving behind eight guns, ammunition, and some wounded, which fell into our hands. • • "The Bth Hussars feel most deeply, in common with the rest of the cavalry, the part they have been made to play. After a long and harassing march, exposed to the great heat of the sun, in spite of fatigue, without sleep or food for man or horse, the Bth Hussars marched willingly and cheerfully into action, as they supposed, but were abcsaw•gl. ak,thriawmute-AbC4I.AICT might have apparent reason or obstacle. "We hope soon to move into cantonments at Neemuch or Nusserabad, where we fear we shall have to pass the rainy season in tents, all the bun galows having been destroyed. The climate of India is very trying, especially to us; who, being under canvass, have no palliation. We have some beautiful horses, who seem to be the real' Children of the Sun.' " Kotah, Rajpootanah, April 14, 1858." CIIINA. The following mercantile letter from China give ; particul f the latest reports current at Hong Kong reMding the new treaties. 'The Eriglish treaty was said to be much more lengthy than the others, and this may, perhaps, partly explain the delay in its receipt. The accounts received a few days back from Paris said that the indemnity to be paid was £l;200,000., but failed to mention whether this was to be shared between the two Powers or was merely the amount for France. According to the present communication, while £1,200,000, is to be paid. to France, England is to receive £3,200,000 —a difference which, should it be confirmed, will have a most important effect on our future specie movements. Most of the advices seem to agree that these indemnities are to be paid out of the Customs' duties at Canton, and _there likewise appears to be a general impression that, although the Emperor has succumbed to all demands, he will endeavour to find means of evasion as soon as the immediate pressure upon him shall have been removed : "Hong Kong, July 3, 1858 " As it may doubtless be interesting to you fo hear what is said and supposed as to the late political events in China, we give what we have been able to learn. Of course we casnot say how far it may be correct, and the next, or per haps even the present mail, may take more trustworthy accounts than we are in a position to forward. One thing, however, seems pretty certain, that new season's teas can not for some considerable time be shipped from Canton, and from the other ports it is not supposed that a large quan tity can be early sent forward. • " With regard to the new treaties : "The Russian and American have been §igned, and go home by this mail. They are short, and cont a i n , it i s sa id' only 13 or 14 articles, including the most favoured nation, clause. Two new ports to be thrown open, and Russia to be allowed Consuls at all the ports as other nations. "The French is reported to have 39 and the English 63 articles ; last accounts say they were nearly arranged, and may be down in time for this steamer. " Contents, briefly summed up, are rumoured to be to the following purport : " The Emperor agrees to all our demands. "Expense; of war to be paid to the English and French —about 16,000,000 of dollars to the English and 6,000,000 to the French. " Money to be paid out of Canton d u ti es , which are to be received by foreigners till the amount is liquidated, and Canton still held as a material guarantee. "We are to have an ambassador at Pekin, but he is not to reside within the walls. "A consular agent at T.on Tsin. "The navigation of the Yang-tse-Kiang to be thrown open. " All seaports to be open to foreign trade. (?) (One ac count says Hang Chaw, Swatow—a port in Hainan, south of Hong Kong—and Taiswan, in Formosa. " A Chinese mission to England, but no representative to be considered as a permanent resident. (?) "It is possible all the above may be true, but it would seem the "Emperor was willing at any price to make foreigners leave the Peiho and again move the locale for discussion, where the money is to be paid ! " While everything is apparently going on so swimmingly and amicably in the North, at Canton matters have pro ceeded from bad to worse. Business is entirely suspended. Mr. Winchester, the acting Consul, has issued a circular, stating that the present state is War with the provincial Government,' and advising all foreign civilians (such few as are left) to be ready for immediate departure. The 'Braves' are reported now to have occupied the new city, and fire rockets and shells every night on our troops within the walls. The General appears to have been strangely apathetic, but is now more alive to the necessity of punishing the war party, which seems to include most of the natives in and about Canton. The city itselfis nearly deserted. The 'Braves' are continually committing some overt act, the last being an attack upon a man-of-war's boat near Whampoa, which was on a reconnoitring expedition, and Captain Jenkins, of the Actaeon, and several men were wounded severely, and two killed. Capt. Jenkins is since dead. All this is not sur prising, considering the extraordinary way in which the government of the city was carried on immediately upon its capture, and trade resumed as before, with the duties col lected by the Chinese, who have thus been pl aced in funds for warlike operations against the allies." SIR COLIN CAMPBELL (LORD CLYDE.) — In a letter received from Sir Colin Campbell (Lord Clyde) on Friday, the gallant Commander-in-Chief refers to the hope " that his sword will soon be returned into the scabbard for the last time, never to be drawn again." PASSENGERS FROM Bom BAY.—The steamship Ripon, Captain Powell, which left Alexandria on the 26th ult., and Malta on the 30th, with the heavy Bombay mails, and is expected at Southampton about Thursday next, brings the foll Owing passengers from Bombay :—Captain O'Malley, Capt. Bennett, Capt. Green, Capt. Brown, Mr. Crampton, Mrs. Ord, Mrs. M‘Leod, Mrs. Morris, Mr. James, Mr. Durkin Mr. Jones (2d officer Noma), Mr. Powell (steward rajah), Mr. Reid (4th enEineer Oriental), two aorguato and oo corporal of the 22d itegiwout. PRUSSIA. The Cologne Gazette publishes the following communication from Lord Bloomfield to the Mayor of Cologne ;_. " COLOGNE, AUG. 29, 1858. " am commanded by the Queen, my august Sovereinn, to assure you of the high satis faction which her Majesty has experienced at find ing herself again in your ancient city, and her Majesty desires that I will express to you her acknowledgments for the friendly and cordial manner in which she has been received by its inhabitants. " The splendid illuminations which have just taken place, and which reminded the Queen of those which her Majesty had witnessed here 13 years ago, could not fail to call forth her highest admiration, and the attention and kindness of the authorities will be borne in thankful remembrance by her Majesty.—l have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient humble servant, " BLOOMFIELR " TO Mr. Stupp, Ober-Burgomeister." t, AUSTRIA. The Vienna Gazette publishes the Imperial de cree for the resumption of cash payments by the National Bank, which we have already mentioned as being about to take place. The exchange of notes for cash will be made successfully, according to the different amounts, beginning with the smallest. It will not, however, be until the month of October next year that the present forced cur rency of bank notes will have entirely ceased. SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette of the 31st ult. contains the usual telegram announcing that their Majesties and the Royal family remained at Gijon, and were in good health. The Gazette likewise publishes a Royal order directing the engineer in chief of the division of the Almanza railways to proceed imme diately to the points in which the road has been deteriorated by the late storms, and to report on the best and speediest plan to be adopted to pre vent the frequent/occurrence of accidents therein. The other journals state that the people of Barcelona had presented a complimentary address to the Duke de la Victoria (Espartero), and that he had returned a suitable reply. The Independancia sapiently recommends that the Atlantic telegraph and all other submarine lines which England may lay down, " shall be considered the property of all nations, and be, on payment of a fair remuneration to the companies, declared neutral. England," it adds, " ought not to be allowed to make a monopoly of an instrument of peace, eivilisation,ancl prosperity:' A letter says :—" The news of the removal of the Mar quis de Turgot from the post of French Ambassador has taken his political friends by surprise, for though it was pretty generally known that there had long existed a coolness between his Excellency and a Spanish lady of high rank, yet it was always un derstood that his eminent services, and the tact which he had displayed in difficult circumstances, had been sufficient to neutralise all hostile influence ; in fact, only a month ago, the marquis himself ex passed, his opinion that his position was firmer HER MAJESTY'S - visa TO LEEDS. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) This morning her Majesty quitted Osborne for ,eeds. On arriving at the Royal Clarence Victualling yard, Gosport, a special train, under the charge of the directors 'of the South-Western Railway, was in readiness to receive her Majesty. The train arrived at the Falcon junction on the south-Western Railway at 11.50 a.m. After changing engines here, the Royal party proceeded over the Richmond branch of this railway to the Kew junction, arriving at Kew at 12.10 p.m. The directors and officers of the North and South- Western Junction Railway here took charge of the royal train. Crossing the Thames at this point, the Queen passed the following stations in succes sion :—Acton, Willesden, Kilburn, and Camden road, and arrived at the King's-cross goods station at 12.45 p.m. After a short delay, the officials of the Great Northern Railway took charge of the royal train, and the illustrious party proceeded northward. It is expected that her Majesty will arrive at Leeds at about a quarter past six this evening— the journey of 2921 miles thus occupying about seven hours and a-half. LEEDS, SEPT. 4. Her Majesty's visit to Leeds is the one universal topic here that never flags or tires. It seems the, be-all and end-all of everything done or doing. It is the reason - why you cannot get a cab without an hour's search ; and why, when you do, unhappily the driver shows his loyalty and keen appreciation of the occasion by charging ss. for each stoppage he makes. It is the reason why dinner is late at the hotel, the ' attendance a fiction, and why your bell there commands, on the whole, infinitely less attention than the muffin man's. It is for this that the military are arriving, the streets are full, police abound, and above all, that no beds are to be had, except at such a figure as if once paid would keep a man—the victim of economical remorse—without a wink' of sleep all night. All the good hotels are full, and those who come late will have a long drive ere they find a landlord ready to take them in, though they will then probably, if all tales are true, also discover that the taking-in process by no means terminates with their entry. ~The decorations promise to be both rich and varied—we say " promise to be," for it is quite impossible to jude of them at present. In these " town toilets' there is but one step between dilapidation and decoration, and that is taken in an hour. Thus at-night you stumble vaguely in and out of holes, among scaffold-poles, aud over up-turned pavement, wondering in your own mind if it is in tended that the Queen shall behold such ruin, — when lo ! in the morning, the pavement is set, the poles are hidden, and the obstruction become an ornament in the shape of a battlemented gateway, on to which the workmen are nailing grim towers, round keeps, and massive donjons. There are plenty of these arches, and though, as a general rule, a triumphal arch and a triumph of art are widely dissimilar things, they are perhaps more nearly re lated here than usual. Indeed, a decorative mania has seized the town, and is spreading rapidly through lane and suburb. Even glovers and hatters sell gar lands and cyphers,evergreens seem to have superseded fruit and vegetables of all other kinds, haberdashers and general outfitters do a smart trade in banners and flaunting draperies, and shirts and neckties are put aside till the demand for "V. R.'s " and festoons is over. Under such circumstances, of course, gas-fitters are masters of the situation, though where all the gas for the illuminations is to come from, unless they send it down from London in balloons, it is hard to imagine. Everybody here, however, seems to believe that it will be forthcom ing at the proper time, and everything goes on, and pipes and mains of all sizes beset the pedestrian's path like snares, and compass his overthrow in dark and unexpected turnings. Both sides of the main street leading from the central station towards the Briggatc are planted thickly with Venetiaa banners, up the poles of all of which run branch gaslights. The effect of these will be very fine, and the whole aspect of the town is certain to be striking and rich. Those who know Leeds well also know that much must have been done ere its rows of factories and blackened houses could ever be bedizened into this. Probably, of all the important towns in the united kingdom, the - re are few, if any, which less assist the decorative fiffnVg.,of c asmon to speak of the smoke of London ; but your true Londoner—your genuine metropolitan—knows as little of smoke as he does of yachting. Except in the " black country" round Birmingham, or in Bradford, Leeds, or Sheffield, true smoke is not to be found, and even the sooty mixture which one inhales at Manchester is but a poor imitation after all. Among really smoky towns Leeds has held an eminent position for some years past, and this distinction has not been without its effect upon edifices of every kind. Therefore, when we say that Leeds will wear a festive and a brilliant aspect on Monday and Tuesday next we give to the exer tions of its inhabitants such praise as only those acquainted with the town can appreciate. The Leeds Town-hall is situated in the centre of the town ; the architect is Mr. Cuthbert BDadieh, Of Leeds, and the foundation stone was laid in August, 1853, by the then mayor, Mr. J. H. Shaw. The whole structure is of the Roman Corinthan order. It stands on a spacious elevated platform, surrounded by Corinthan columns of noble propor tions and supporting an enriched entablature about 70 feet from the ground. The south facade (the chief one) has a deeply recessed portico of 10 columns, with a flight of 19 steps, 135 feet in length, leading up to it. Pedestals at each corner are placed for groups of statuary, and the spaces between the columns at the sides of the building are divided into two ranges of semicircular-headed windows. From the centre, over the south portico, a noble tower with chimes and illuminated clock will rise 230 feet from the ground. The hall itself is one of the largest and finest of its kind in the kingdom. Its roof is almost as handsome and its architectural features far more grand and imposing than those of St. James's Hall, while, for proportions, only St. George's Hall in Liverpool, or Westminster Hall in London, will serve as examples. It is 162 feet long by 72feet wide and 75 feet high. Its ceiling is arched, divided with five bays or compartments by massive stone ribs which are upheld by lofty columns painted to resemble Rosso Antico. Ten large bay windows by day and 10 - of the richest crystal chan deliers by night illuminate the whole interior of the building without that glare which is now a gene ral fault in our modern public edifices. At the same time it by no means errs on the side of dark ness, as is the case with all the entrances to the noble hall at Liverpool. The style of decoration throughout the building inside is very rich, though by no means too brilliant or gaudy. The north end of the hall is occupied by the great organ, of which, as the best specimen of musical architecture —if we may so term it—we have seen, we shall have much more to say by and bye. At the south end is a rich glass screen separating the hall from the vestibule under the chief entrance. The vesti bule is, in fact, the base of the tower. It is 70 feet high by 48 feet square. The floor is covered with such a richly tesselated pavement as proclaims at once the workmanship of Minton. It is of the same pattern as the one that firm has made for the Senate house at Washington. In the centre of this vesti bule stands the Mayor's princely gift te Majesty. thehall and town,—Noble's great statue of her It stands under the dome ger o a f ni t te h , e an v d est fo ib r ul ms e a o l u to a . um pedeStal of richly polished granite, th a e t f w th e e tr h u a s l t l the threats to remove it into monument centre itself may never be carried into effect. A council meeting of the corporation was held this afternoon, when the Mayor of Leeds, Mr. Peter Fairbairn, for mally made over by . deed of gift this splendid statue to the borough. This ceremony, though of almost a strictly private nature and lasting only a few minutes, was of the most enthusiastic kind, and showed at once both the value the Leeds Corporation attached to the gift and the earnest and kindly sentiments they entertained towards the giver. The figure is, as we have said, Mr. Noble's work, and one of the most successful of all the many statues which he has executed of her Majesty. It is of heroic size, the attitude is commanding and queenly, though in portraying this the artist has by no means overlooked that expression of gracious amia bility and kindness with which all are so familiar in the illustrious original. In the left hand is a sceptre—the right holds easily a roll of papers — while the drapery, so difficult a subject to treat with real propriety and effect, is rendered with all that simple care which makes her Majesty's statue at Salford so much admired. Such, in brief, are the general features of the new hall. Outside it is surrounded with a tolerably open space, which, however, will bear improving with regard to the character of its buildings. In the space in front is a bronze statue of the Duke of Wellington—an unfortunate effort by Maro chetti. This figure is not only unlike the Duke, but certainly unlike the generality of well-formed human beings. At Leeds, the mayor and corporation will be, in attendance to receive her Majesty, after which his worship will conduct ,the Royal' party to his resi dence. The Queen, will be receiyed en her urriyal by the mayor and corporation. The station will be kept by a guard of honour composed of the 22d Infantry- The mayor and corporation; who will be in atten dance, will robe in one of the first-class waiting rooms, and on the arrival of the Royal train they will come forward to receive her Majesty. Royal salute will be fired, after which the mayor will attend her Majesty to her carriage, and then, accompanied by the Mayoress his distinguished guests to Woodsley HOUSef to receive them on their arrival. Should the weather be favourable, there is no doub t the Queen will drive up to Woodsley House in a n o p en carriage. We may mention here that the Ro y carriages, with 24 horses, are expected in Le eds te" day, and that Mrs. Young has received instru ctions to prepare for their reception. , preced e As already stated, the 22d Regiment will form the guard of honour on the arrival of her Majesty', as well as during her stay . in Leeds, and provision has been made for encamping the guard in the reit! of Woodsley House. Four companies of the rer ment, with the band and colours, are ordered te Leeds from Manchester, and it is expected th at the principal officers will accompany the regiment. The 18th Light Dragoons, under the command of Lieut.' Col. Knox, and the Yorkshire. Hussars, comma by Lieut.-Col. Beckett, will form the escort ; an the 2d West York Yeomanry, under Lieut.-Colo nel Pollard, will also be in attendance. The re' salute will be fired by a battery of Royal Artillery' under the command of Lieut.-Col. Kennedy. T li , e military authorities in command will be Lieu Gen. Si Harry Smith, K.C.B. ; Col. Wilbrab ale„' Assist-Adjt-General ; and Lieut.-Col. Shad Assist-Quartermaster-General. Hou s e The royal procession will leave Woodsley nee ' at ten on Tuesday morning, and is to arri ve at tho south front of the Town Hall at half - past 11. The Queen will enter the large hall by the vestibule.: and as she proceeds up the centre to the throne,ll' is probable the National Anthem will be played 0: the organ. Prayer will then be offered up 13Y t il l , Bishop of Ripon, by whom a form for the occasio has been prepared. He will be assisted in the ser vice by the Rev. Dr. Hook, the vicar. Her Majesq will next declare the hall opened, and the Natio nal. Anthem will then be sung. Subsequently th e , Hallelujah Chorus will be given, after which h er Majesty will be conducted over the building by the mayor and the movers and seconders of the ad dresses, who will attend her to the mayor's roontst where the Royal party will partake of lu ncheot Her Majesty, it is expected, will return t hron g the large hall, and depart from the prineiPr e entrance, about a quarter past one. She will on , by the mayor , the move rs and secoli"o ders of the addresses, • and the town - cle rk, to !he Wellington station, the other members O . ' 4 Council having previously left the hall and • there. 4; Of In addition to the addresses from the corporal l' addresses will also be presented to her MajestY the magistrates, tbe Sunday school teachers, all the members of the united friendly societ, or After the departure of her Majesty, the Inaf il.o will entertain the principal visitors present A ' 4 , inauguration, as well as the members of the cu ll , poration and the borough justices, in the larr h be rhe banquet is fixed for four o'clock,- and is o , er over by eight ; and for the convenienc e of P.,4 Majesty during her visit to Leeds, the Brit is kNi Irish Magnetic Telegraph Company have spec' „ r . fixed a line of wire from Woodsley House to Sep borough Hotel, where her Majesty's chef at tef i; dants will be located during the Queens stag Leeds. - i de The different railway companies have 111`,11 ar rangements for working special trains fro itch parts of Yorkshire, and it is intended to desP: t he the trains to and from the principal town s immediate district as rapidly as possible cowl' with public safety. ST. MARTIN'S HALL. ti_. th e Repairs, rebuildings, and improvements appear to beio order of the day with places of amusement in London• re, have new theatres being built, or rather old ones boil e r built, and we now learn that St. M artin ' s Hall is 1 1 o r going extensive alterations, and we think we may aa' t i o e provements. Those who have visited the hall in c1a e :,,11, 4 already know that for sound it is one of the best mus ic ' - f ito in the metropolis, but there up to the present time its)Oe'cre have ceased. The entrances, especially to the stalls/ s : 0 1 inconvenient, the seats were hard and uncomfortableni'• the sombre appearance of the hall imparted a gen eral b e dulness to the place. All this will now, w e belie re : be remedied. A new separate entrance to the stalls is '1, 0 4 formed, the seats - are to be. comfortably stuffed, a 0 be o rchestra is to be constructed, and the hall itself is toe; decorated in colour, and last, not least, a re freshmen t , r oil, will be added. These are decided improvements, 8301:05e15 that we Can ~,1 predict a success for St. Martin's Hall, thus ren ovate THE IMPERIAL PRINCE OF FRASCI' c e The Emperor and Empress having sal-,s, fi of themselves on the spot that the sanitary st . , ' cc , Biarritz presents no danger for the Imperial P-At sent for him to-day (Saturday) by telegraPi l :a off a quarter to seven his little highness starl e do 0 from the palace for the Orleans railway sr,a He was in a travelling carriage, a ccompan: e rP one of his governesses, his physician, and uellf Rolin, the adjutant-general of the Palace °I)1, Cloud. Preceded by a piqueur, and esc orted to strong detachment of cavalry, the heir apPar,efie the Empire passed rapidly over the pretty of St. Cloud, dashed through the Bois de Bea ,i'7 and along the Boulevard, and as the sha'ac'il evening were closing in, went to sleep in train -to travel, at- the age of two years and her almost from one extremity of France to ane v '; r is. from the course of a single night !—Letter fro ILLEGITIMACY IN SCOTLAND' • • tri lti The second quarterly return of the Reg ls f a cti, General for Scotland confirms the melancho l l rt.° . te established by the return for the first clna„i j oa. the present year, that the proportion of illeg," t ieje births in Scotland is very high, We directed tivab; tion to this at the time the first return Wf is t loo' lished, and to the position of the south of SO a compared with other parts of the country' , 311 0 4 06 regret to say that the second return is al i s deplorable as the first. The southern coun t L e a 0 next to the north-eastern, the worst in Sc° ti i tighl this respect, and the stewartry of Kirke nu Ce or stands at the head of the black list for tile 4 pro , quarter of the counties of Scotland. t i fric' s ' portions for the first quarter were :—D 8"l; 15.7 per cent. ; Kirkcudbright, 14 ; Wi g tonolv For the second they are--Dumfries, 12 . 2; ilra bl i e cudbright, 15.9 ; Wigtown, 9.6 . The fav°,,, contrast for Wigtownshire compared with tmej joining county of Kirkcudbright, is ma intaw t ool the second return, and the causes of this C O 10 are well worthy . of investigation. We believla there are no hiring fairs for farm servants of the the county of Wigtown, the only gathering kind being an annual one f or the engage rt calF harvest labourers, while the number of sti c ' a .refi t ' in Kirkcudbright and Dumfriesshire is verY4 This fact, coupled with those disclosed by t"cie turns, seems to show that the allegations °T o ar e to the injurious character of these hiring fa ll well founded. Their abolition, however, f l „ o ld be an easy matter, for they are almost tuvsseeg; holidays which the toiling rural populatio n P. ° 00, and should the register system be adoptcd,o to compensation must be given to servants, for t i) P ot ii of these days of recreation. This subject iS delicate and a difficult one, but it must be grappled with, and we would wish to see the that paved by discussion of a more kindly tone thsfi . ,bjcil which has been adopted in the correspondence :sti° ll l has recently appeared in our col umns . Theci n : - 0 1 ' betwixt masters and servant s s h ou ld n ot be ti c , e as a class one, for th e i n t eres t o f both t es .eil ought to be, the same. On one point, 11 .2,;•0 14 ,, ' there can be no dubiety ; these returns of the nor ~1) ( 1 General speak trumpet-tongued to the necessityu for proving cottages, and the social improvement will e A P e d Itt;• arise therefrom. In this respect the duty o f wi-„„a PA prietors especially, but of their tenants also is clear sQlute.—Lumfries Courier. 10 Ce t The King of Prussia has returned to t-trioe i :je of Sans Souci.- The entrance to the railway ' 5- 00 f ` Potsdam was closed to the public, so that n o one li to see how his Majesty looked. all 00 THE CAPE MAILS.—The steam-ship Ner""aie„` leave Southampton this day for Plymouth, whe re ,:cle' v take in the Cape mails and leave to-morrow for her no tion. 4/ o ttet THE MAILS, &c.—Southampton, Sept. 5,, 0 -• Peninsular and Oriental Co.'s screw steanialliP, 4 l( l :o' Captain J. Brown, with the outward East India 7,4,1c",ir mails, sailed hence to-day for Gibraltar, Malta, a i ii - A0 do a.. She also takes out 85 first and 32 seconn e rPL•/ sengers, a full cargo, andl7s boxes of specie, jelv i e ', o - ifi„ e ou; value 198,508 Bs. 24., for the undermentione° Je,' lc tP Alexandria, silver, £1,370 • Mauritius, gold; .„ cel;ao Bombay, jewellery, £366; Madras, gold, £lOO, an,,al;:vo;",;.t , £6OO ls. 6d. ; Calcutta, silver, £2,880, ana £1,728 175.; Singapore, jewellery, £692; HongiT i a 0 100; £12,731 18s. 6d., and jewellery, £1,065; ShanC £26,155, and jewellery, £Bl9 lls. 2d. Total-0,7 silver, £13,136 18s. 6d.; jewellery, £5,271 Os. a"'„ ts oa t A' the Salsettc's passengers are Brigade-Major 1 13 ",p'pe cc el" lady, Captain Hallett, R.N. for Malta Parnell, for Aden ; Captain' hideout, Lieut. 109,64. and Dr. Scott, for Madras; Major Reddie TriadY tti t; Major II: Wortley, and Major Simpson, for'Caleil" / J. and Mrs. Hobson, for Shanghai; Captain 1:10113"1.101 Knox, Commander Woodhouse, and Lieut. the ,tet.,:ja Fitzmaurice, for Hongkong, Src. The screW e srev a lo Austria, Captain Heydtmann, arrived yesterdaysi ,00 from Hamburg, and sailed this afternoon for 14 l it . ; e h with 460 passengers and a large amount of fr,e'g, t . 13 .0 .° Union Screw Company's steamship Norman, ‘iareAllir,fee leaves on Monday for the Cape of Good Hell? p , 40" Devonport for the mails, her departure having me" fa A . clay beyond the tonal time_