The Sun. — London, England, 1859-12-22 00:00:00

M R. ALBERT SMITH, TO-NIGHT at 8, with -LN - his CHINA repaired and MONT BLANC revisited 1859); and EVERY NIGHT (but Saturday), at 8 o'clock; and Tuesday and Saturday Afternoons at 3 o'clock. Stalls, 3s. (which can be taken at the Box-office, Egyptian Ha'l, daily from 11 till 5). Area, 2s. ; Gallery, is. MR. CHARLES DICKENS'S AFTERNOON READING will take place on SATURDAY NEXT, Dec. 24, at Three o'clock, at ST. MARTIN'S HALL, when he will read his " CHRISTMAS CAROL."—On the evening of Boxing-day, Monday, Dec. 28, and of Monday, Jan. 2, 1860, he will read each night his " Christmas Carol. ' and "Trial" from "Pickwick." Stalls, 4s. ; children, 9s. M. Centre area and balconies, 2s ; back seats, ls. 'rickets to be had at Messrs. Chapman and Hall's, Publishers. 103. Piccadilly; and of Mr. Headland, St. Martin's Hall, Long-acre. The st ill plans are now ready. • MR. and MRS. GERMAN REED, TO-NIGHT, will repeat their NEW CHARACTERS at the ROYAL GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION. 14, Regent-street, Waterloo-place, and:EVERY EVENING except Saturday. at 8, Saturday Al ternoon at 3. Admission, Is. and 2s. Stalls, 3s. to be had only at the Gallery, and at Cramer, Beale, and Co.'s, 201, Regent-street. ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE CIRCUS, Leicester-square. The performing Bull, DON JUAN, continues to delight the most enthusiastic audiences ever congregated within the walls of the Alhambra Palace. Brilliant reception of Mr. Davis Richards, acknowledged the most daring and dashing Equestrian in the world. Dan Castello (the American Humorist), Clementine, Leon, Jose phine, Romeo, Sebastian, Buckley, &c., &c., appear at both Representations. daily. Morning at 2, Evening at half-past 7. On Monday, Dec. 26th, will be produced, with new dresses, properties, &c., A Grand Equestrian Harliquinade entitled THE GOLDEN BULL; or the Enchanted Horn, in which the celebrated Performing Bull DON JUAN will appear. Proprietor, Mr. T.M'COLLUM. ARGYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Grand CASINO, open every Evening, with the celebrated Band. Established 10 years. Conducted by Mons. Lamotte ; principal cornet-a-piston, Di. Boulcourt. Doors open at half past 8, commence at 9. Close a few minutes before 12. Ad mission, ls. _ An Extra Long Quadrille Night on Friday, 23d. Admis sion, Is. THE NATIONAL • ASSEMBLY ROOMS, High Trolborn, formerly' CASINO DE VENISE— This Establishment, pre-eminently distinguished for the elegance and matchless beauty of its decorations, combined with the perfection of its management is OPEN EVERY EVENING. The celebrated band, under the direction of Mr. W. M. Packer, plays a nightly varied selection of the most approved eassmal and modern music. Doors open at half past 8. Overture at 9. Closing at 12 punctually. Admis sion, is. DR. KAHN'S MAGNIFICENT; ANATO MICAL MUSEUM, Top of the Haymarket (acknow ledged by the whole of the Press to be the most useful and instructive of any in existence). is OPEN DAILY (for gentle men only), from 12 till 5, and from 7 till 10. Admission, One Shilling: Descriptive handbook gratis. Dr. KAHN'S Popular Lectures on the "• Philosophy of Marriage," • daily at 3 and 8 o'clock precisely. SYLLABUS.—Happy and Unhappy Unions, and their causes—Youthful Vices and Indiscretions, and their results —Disqualifications for Marriage, and their Cure—the Physiology of Reproduction Self-inflicted Miseries --Sterility and its causes—How to secure Moral, and Physical Happiness. N.B.—Dr. Kahn's Treatise on the above subjects, entitled "The Philosophy of Marriage," sent post-free on receipt of twelve stamps. direct from the Author, 17, Harley-street, Cavendish-square. W. CONTRACTS FOR RUM, SOAP, SUGAR, PEPPER, AND SPLIT PEAS. Department of the Comptroller for Victualling and Transport Services, Somerset-house, 17th December, 1859. THE COMMISSIONERS for EXECUTING the OFFICE of LORD HIGH ADMIRAL of' the UNITED KINGDOM of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, DO HEREBY GIVE NOTICE, that on THURSDAY, the 29th instant, at Half past One o'clock, they will be ready to treat with such Persons as may be willing to CONTRACT for supplying and delivering into her Majesty's Victualling Stores at toeptiord the undermentionel articles, RUM SOAP ' , SUGAR l5O tons. PEPPER SPLIT PEAS BOO quarters. . . When to be delivered--II all of each in tliree weeks, and the remainder in three weeks afterwards, or earlier if pre ferred by the party tendering. Tenders may be made for the whole or any portion of the articles. Their Lordships reserve to themselves the 'power, when the tenders are opened, of contracting either for the whole, or for such part thereof only as they may deem fit, or for a greater quantity, or of not contracting for any, and also an unlimited power of selection. The Rum,, Sugar, and Pepper, to be exempted from the Customs' duties, and parties tendering are to state where they are respectively lying. Samples of the Rum to be sent in pints for each import mark, and the average strength of each mark ex to be stated, and not an average of different marks or strengths of several Imports, and any parcel of Rum that is found not to be of the same quality. mark, •r average strength of the sample ten dered and accepted, will be rejected by the officers. Samples of the Soap (not less than a bar), of the Pepper not less than two pounds), and of the Peas OA less than two quarts). must be produced by the parties tendering. Each tender for Sugar must specify the mark and landing number of each cask or package, the ship in which imported, and the country or place of its growth or prodnce, and an average Sample (not less than 2lbs for each import mark) must be produced by the parties tendering, and not an average of different marks or several imports ; and any parcel that is found not to be of the same mark or average quality as the samples tendered and accepted, will be rejected by the officer s. The samples produced by persons whose tenders are not ac cepted, are requested to be taken away by them immediately after the Contracts have been decided. No tender will be received unless made on the printed farm provided for the purpose, and which may be obtained on !ipplication at the said office, or to the officer conducting the racket Service at Liverpool, or to the Collector of Customs at Bristol. • Particular attention is called to the recent modification of the conditions of the contract, which may be seen at the said office, and at Liverpool and Bristol. No tender will be received after Half-past One o'clock on the day of treaty, and it will not be required that the party tendering, or an agent on his behalf. should attend at the Office on the day of Contract, as the result of the offer received from each person will be communicated to him and his proposed sureties in writing. Every tender must be addressed to the Secretary of the Admiralty, and bear in the left-hand corner the words " Ten der for ," and must also be delivered at Somerset house. MEDICAL FRIEND AND MARRIAGE GUIDE. TO THE NERVOUS AND DEBILITATED. —Sent free on receipt of two stamps, for postage, Arc., WDr. RAPIt EY, 27, Alfred-place, Bedford-square, London , . C., " THE GUIDE TO SELF-CURE." " The first man of the day in these complaints."—Medical Review. " Those about entering the Marriage State should peruse the Author's invaluable little work, as the advice he gives on health and disease reflects much credit upon him as a sound medical philosopher."—Critic. " The true Guide to those who desire a speedy and private lure."—University Magazine. " The NEW AMERICAN DISCOVERY' demonstrates the absurdity of the English mode of treating such com plaints, will prove a blessing to the afflicted, who may safely and easily regain pristine health by adopting the means pre sented."—Evening Star. CAUTION.—As a duty due to the profession and the public generally, Dr. Rapkey advises all persons having doubts of the legal qualifications of their medical attendant, or parties whom they may be about consulting, to procure from the Royal College of Surgeons, London, the Official List of Registered Members, price ls., or Dr. R. will, on receipt of the price in stamps, gladly assist and protect the afflicted Public by forwarding the same. THE SECRET GUIDE TO HEALTH AND A- HAPPINESS. A MEDICAL WORK. By a Phy sician. Post free, on receipt of six penny stamps, sent by MErncus, direct from No. 19, Berners-street, Oxford street, London, illustrated with 100 en.Yravings. It gives instructions for the perfect restoration of those who are pre vented by impediments from enterinv, into the married state, also showing the dreadful results from early abuse, gonor rhoea and syphilis, and the benefits arising from the chemical tests and the examination of the spermatozoa by the newly constructed microscope, with powerful lenses, and contain lug a valuable prescription of lotion to prevent infection. NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. Patent Office Seal of Great Britain. Diplome de l'Ecole de Pliarmacie Pharmacien de Paris. Imperial College of Me -1 dicine, Vienna The Patentee has confided the preparation of these Medi- Ines to a Physician of the Royal University of Erlangen, Ind Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England (who is registered under the New Medical Act) and attends daily at No. 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, London, be-, tween the hours of 11 and 2, and from 5 till 8 (Sundays ex cepted), in order to advise Patients 'on :their Diseases and Treatment, and thus add to the speedy certainty of Cure. TRIESEMAR Nos. 1,2, and 3, prepared in the form of a lozeng4. devoid of taste or smell, and can be carried in th• waistcoat pocket. Sold in tin cases, divided into separate doses, adapted for both sexes. Just published, price 2s.,:free by post, 2s. 4d., ON SPERMATO , RRHCE A. By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to'the Metropolitan , Infirmary for the ➢iEDICAL ADVICE. DR. LA'MERT, Registered L.S.A., Honorary Member of the London hospital Medical Society, M.D. st the University of Erlangen, kc., may be CONSULTED on all cases of Debility, Nervousness, and the Sqcret In firmities of Youth and Maturity, from Eleven till Two, and front Six till Eight, at his residence, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON Dr. La'Mert has just published, price Sixpence, with nu merous Engravings and Cases, a New Edition of his Work, entitled SELF-PRESERVATION, which will be sent free, in a sealed envelope, by Mann, 39 Cornhill, London, or by the Author, to any address, for Right stamps. CONTENTS. SECTION I.—The Physiology of the Generative Orr.rans. SECTION ll.—Puberty-3lanhood -The Morale of Genera tive Physiology—True and False Morality. SECTION 111. —Marriage in its Moral, Social, and Physical Relations—lts Expectancies and Disappointments—Advan tages of Physical Contrasts in securing Healthy Offspring. SECTION IV.—Spermatorrhoea and Impotence—The causes of Sterility in both Sexes — Self - inflict ed Miseries. SECTION V. -The Vices of Schools—Effects of certain per nicious habits on the mental and general faculties- Import ance of Moral Discipline' SECTION Vi.—Treatment of Nervous and Generative De' bility—lmpotence anti Sterility —Dangerous Results of various Hazardous Specifics—The Author's Principles of Treatment ; Medical, Dietetic, and General, derived from Twenty Years' successful practice. ONE HUNDRED POUNDS REWARD ON CONVICTION. The fearful dant:ere to invalids from Elpuriong imitations of DIJ BARRY's invaluable HEALTH-RESTORING RE VA • LENTA ARABICA FOOD led to an investigation, and, Upon application in 185.1 for protection, the High Court of Chancery granted an injunction restraining 'Alfred Ilooper Nevin, and his agents, under a penalty of £5,000, from selline' any article resembling or being a colourable imitation of Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica, of which we are the sole pro prietors. Now, therefore, this ifilto give notice that the above reward will be paid, upon convielon, to anyone giving intor 'nation of any breach of the injunction. An intelligent Public requires no admonition to shun all shopkeepers who IllaV attempt impositions. London ::4BARRY DU BARRY as CO, PTO MORE SICKLY OR ILL-CONDITIONED HORSES OR OTHER CATTLE. RAREY'S HORSE and CATTLE-IMPROVING FOOD ZaStores the efficiency, vigour, endurance, and muscle of ill aonditioned or apparently wont-out Horses, Cows, lFlul- Locks, Calves, Sheep, and Pigs. In a short time it improves their appearance and value by 20 and 30 per cent. RA REY knd Co., 77, Regent's Quadrant, London. In tins at 35., at Os., its. ; in casks, of about4so feeds, 50s. ; of about 1,000 feeds, AS, being about lid. per feed. Forwarded on receipt of Post-office orders. The casks free of Carriage. NO MORE MEDICINE Price 20., free by post, a popular treatise, sixty-four Pages, 11 .11 E NATURAL REGENERATION of the DIGESTIVE ORGANS, Practically illustrating the effectual Cure, without Medicine, of Indigestion (dyspepsia), habitual Constipation, Flatulency' Acidity, Palpitation of the Heart, Torpidity of the Liver, bilous Headaches, Nervousness, Biliousness, General Debi - I Ity, Cough, Asthma, Consumption,'Despondency, Spleen, &cc., Without Pills, Purgatives, or Medicine of any kind, by a at mple, pleasant, and infallible means ; adapted to the general reader. London: Barry Du Barry & co. 77, itegentitreeti D U BARRY'S REVALENTA ARABICA CHOCOLATE POWDER Contains the greatest amount of easily assimilated nourishment for strengthening delicate persons, children, and infants with weak stomachs, chest, or nerves, and, at 3-pence per meal, affords a delicious breakfast, lunch, or supper. It is the best dietetic homcepa tido preparation, and may be eaten either alone er mixed with Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food. Admirably adapted to rear Infants with. In Tins at is. 6d ; lib., 35.; 21b., ss. 9d. ; 51b., 12s. ; 121 b., 20s. The 12Th. forwarded carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent street, London ; and through all Grocers and Chemists. NO MORE MEDICINE: DU II kARY'S DELICIOUS HEALTH-RESTORING REVALENTA AR ARICA. FOOD Cures effectually Indiges- Hon (dyspepsia), constipation, flatulency; phlegm, nervousness, biliousness, liver complaints, hysteria, neuralgia, sleepless ness, acidity, palpitation, heartburn, eruptions, impurities, irritability, low spirits, diarrhoea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, headache, noises in the head and ears, debility, diabetes, pains between the shoulders, despondency, cramps, spasms, nausea, and sickness (during pregnancy or at sea), sinking tits, cough, asthma, bronchitis, consumption, also Children's complaints. We extract a few out of 50,000 expressions of gratitude from nvalids thus cured : Cure No. 1,771. Lord Stuart de Decies of many years' dyspepsia. Care No. 49,832. "Fifty years' in describable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, fletulency, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food," Maria Joly. Cure No. 53,816. Field Mar shall the Duke of Pluskow, of dyspepsia, constipation, ner vousness and liver complaints which had resisted all baths and medical treatment. Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew lyre, of constipation, dyspepsia, andnervous irritability.f Cure No. 34,210. Dr. Shorland, of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. Captain Allan, of epileptic fits. Cure No. 36,418. Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spacms and daily vomitings. Cure No. 26,418. Dr. Hervey, of diarrhoea and debility. Cure/go. 29.628. Dr. Wurtzerof consumption. Cure N 0.46,270. Mr. James Roberts, merchant, Frimley, Surrey, of 20 years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness. Cure No. 4,208. ' Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and nausea, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's health-restoring Food. Rev. John W. }level', Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk."—Cure No. 3,906, of thirteen years' cough, ndigestion, and general debility. James Porter, Athol-street, Perth. Sold in canisters, 11b. 2s. 9d. ; 21b. 4s. 6d. ; 121 b. 225; Super refined quality, 51b. 225. ; 101 b. 3.35. The 101 b. and 121 b. canisters are forwarded carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order. Barry Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London ; Fortnum, Mason, and Co., purveyors to her Majesty, 182, Piccadilly ; also at 60, Gracechurch-street ; 330, Strand ; 4, Cheapside ; 49 and 60, Bisbopsgate-street ; 105 and 63, Oxford street ; 8.5, Tottenham-court-road ; also "in Liverpool, at Nixons, I, Castle-street ; Leeds, Reinhardt and Co. ;Dublin, Dr. Butler, Medical Hall; MinOtiester, iSharp and liinuttii Edinburgh, Wino send Cu 0,m 14 t i ough Outs; t e rsble 44. r, ._ riot l' . ' Oa V I bowl°, wet A 38 9 to quail' o 40s; to 30 to 431 By IS‘ atche i sil. ..---- --4 Tier gall due___• ----- ling" - A I M E. P A New Monthly Manazine. No. 1, for January, 1860, will be published on the 30th inst., Price 2d., highly illustrated. CONTENTS :-1. Our Bow to the Public.-2. The Ruby Necklace.-3. llope.-4. Merry in the A Novel Christmas Gift.-6. Christmas Boxes.-7. What Became of ller.-8. A Dog's Tale.-9. Gossip for PASTIME. AND OTHER INTERESTING SUBJECTS. FORMING A COMPANION EQUALLY FITTED FOR THE FIRESIDE AND RAILWAY CARRIAGE. Ward and Lock, Fleet-street, London ; and all Booksellers. CCHRISTMAS SONGS.--The GOOD RHEIN WINE, sung in " Faust," and by professional and ama teur singers, as their most powerful and tellina , song. New Edition, with band parts for an orchestra. Als o," the Lady's New Echo Song," The Boatmen, or Caller Oysters," with band-parts, sung by Miss E. L. Williams, the Welsh Night ingale, and by Miss Stuart, the Scottish Nightingale, ko. Price 29. 6d. Chappell, 50, New Bond-street. Cure - of Strictures of the Urethra. " The aim of the author is to present a common-sense view of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this Disease, as also to free these questions from the Professional Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of Quackery by which they have hitherto been surrounded, to the destruction of the health and happiness of thousands. These objects are discussed in a common-sense and highly practical manner."—Medical Circular. London : 11. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street' INCREASED IMPORTATION OF TEA . - Pending the settlement of the Chinese treaty, supplies have come down to the ports freely, and prices are lower for medium and fine Teas. The East India Tea Company are already giving the full benefit to the public. The lowest price is still 2s. 4d. per lb.—Warehouses, 9, Great St. Helen's Churchyard, City. THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE.—Every 1_ person having an interest in domestic or farm animals should obtain a supply of this celebrated and economical food, which will prove invaluable during the approaching season. For keeping horses in'good condition' it is unequal led. Pigs fatten with surprising rapidity upon it, and their flesh increases in flavour and value. Cowkeepers will find great advantage in the increased quantity and improved qua lity of the milk during its use. All animals are benefited by It. A piimphlet on this interesting subject, accompanied Testimonials from the principal Nobility, Gentry, and A - miturists, forwarded on application. In casks contain ing 148 feeds (measures enclosed), price 505., carriage paid to any Railway Station in the United Kingdom. Yost-office orders payable to Joseph Thorley, 77, Newgate-street, London. N.B.—The public are cautioned against being imposed upon by worthless imitations. APPETITE AND INDIGESTION IMPROVED LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, and all Roast Meat, Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Cur ries, and Salad, and by its tonic and invigorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safeguard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchnrch street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester ; also ty Messrs. Barclay and Sons, Ifesers. Crosse and Blackwell, and other oilmen and mercha s, London ; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To guard against imitations, see that the names of "LEA an PERIUNS " are upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. QURE CURE. - LAMBER'rS ASTHMATIC ►►.) BALSAM, without confining the bowels or affecting the head, truly efficaci9us and pleasant, is admitted to be the best medicine for immediately relieving coughs, colds, confirmed eases of asthma and consumption. It frequently cures per sons whom the faulty pronounce incurable, admirably allays the tickling which provokes frequent coughing. In approach ing consumption its effects are truly beneficial. Persons de prived of sleep, or even lying down for fear of suffocation, may depend on relief in a few minutes after taking it. Pre pared only and sold by W. Lambert, chemist, 20, Jermyn street, Haymarket, and by all druggists, ill bottles, 130., 2s. 3d. and 4s. M. each. Be particular and ask for Lambert's Asthmatic Balsam. The name and address is engraved on the stamp. 3, GREAT MARLROROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON.' nit. CULVERWELL, Memb er o f th e R oya l College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery, and Apo thecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Lose of Memory, Sterility, and all Functional Derangements of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive indul gences Has Just published, price Is. ; by post, 13 stamps, 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled OURSELVES. Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation - The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure. Also, an Exposition of, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange' ments and Marital Disqualifications, AL. The modern treat men t of M Syphi E lis, Stricture, Blennerrhagia (Gonorrhoea), Spermatorrticea, Impotency, and all Diseases of the Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &e. FEALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women— Functional Ir regularities in Health and Sickness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta tion—Use of the Speculum, and the securing of Healthy Offspring. Also, No. 1. 'HEALTH, 11APPINESS, and LONGEVITY;' On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion. No. 2.' LOVE AND MARRIAGE : Their Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments ; Love and other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off spring secured. _ No. 3. THE CASE BOOK : 100 Cases of SPERMATORRHCEA, Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and Cure by Cauterisations, Galvanism, Arc. To be had of Mann, :39, Cornhill and the Authors. Advice to the Working Classes, fee Half-a-Guinea. No. 21,060. CAPTAIN MTLINTOCK'S NARRATIVE of the DISCOVERY of the FATE of SIR JOHN FRANKLIN will be published on SATURDAY NEXT. John Murray, Albemarle-street. MR. W. 11. RUSSELL'S NEW WORK, In Two Vols., crown Bvo, with 12 Tinted Illustrations, and Map, price 218., MY DIARY IN INDIA • and Adventures in the Field. By WILLIAM HOWARD RusszLL, LL.D., Special Correspondent of "The Times." Ready Dec. 28th. London : Routledge, Warne, and Routledge, Farringdon street. CHRISTMAS AMUSEMENTS. In fcap., boards, price ls. ; free by post for 14 stamps, A CHRISTMAS HAMPER. By MARK LEMON, Esq., Editor of " Punch." RIDDLES AND JOKES. By EDMUND RussEr..L. Being a complete collection of Riddles, Enigmas, Charades, Puzzles, Jokes,. &c. Illustrated by Harvey, 111 . Connell, &o. - ACTING PROVERB S ; or, Drawing Room Theatricals, ACTING CHARADES. By ANNE BOWMAN. Illustrated. YOUNG FRANK'S HOLIDAYS. By STIRLING COYNE. London : Routledge, Warne, and Routiedg,e, Farringdon- Street. Now ready, POST -OFFICE LONDON DIRECTORY for• • 180. Price 365. Kelly and Co., Old Boswell-court, W.C. ; Simpkirt, Mar shall, and Co. ; and all Booksellers. ~.-----/-1.--Z-6 r -, V - ‘, ', ,• . . 1:iftt5;.‘174,..,,\;:;) '_,..,'' .7 .. 1 , A .:4:•• t 0 .4,, . - - Pi s \ 7tt4t. I N , i . ~ • : ./.' .1. :, ,ft . *.„=. , A • ,\ ~,. , ~,A, ::„...‘" 41 )1 46 1 :: , d t „...... 4( /,/,7,747 a6. 1 ~.: . .... . ,I, ' ..-- ---- 0. 4 • , 44 ... ......- . 4, .... 1 -, ~..... .,... (.., -,.... r _.....,,,,, 4 • -V .. ~ ~, ‘,....-" k , . A,..,. , 1 A ‘ I ':. :. ..------------' I , .... r ' ; . ..-.: , I ,52:1„.. 1 -,''' i01i .., . , „,..„ i'§ , i,,- , ..." - ry 6 , 6 .-'. ' -, ---% „.; ... Y`' , --. - ':\T - , - ------ .7k . iiiii::,,i 4j' citi ',,v-4, .„.,...___.",,,, .01 0. :, ,;-•......"' ',..,. - 3 . -' 4. c1r,,.• .t. .p.. 4 ~.,..: ~ ) 1. 7.4. 4 li ) .4.,„ • . lk _t r 4111 . 0 - '' - ir... ( 4 :1 4.,..' ' \ i ;it t,' , ' —....•,/-, c‘ist .—,- .. .4 , 1! ...... ~,-., - ' \ ggi. - .. , . .S. '4l' . I '''`;'.- - , 9 *- - v , pi, 1,1 0 -0 t :...., ", 11 i.t ~ . .e...- • ~.. N ,. ....: :____ ..c . ..-ft.4'' . ..... .. „I if- r ~," .P.TEVJ S PAPER "'- ! ( _ combined at Paris in 1880, may decoolkoi . ' - ko it. ..._ .'... " And, let it be observed, the last decisioVthetait bP contrary to that of 1815, would not bear the same . character aa,the first. In 1815 the Powers disposed of the people of Romagna ; in 1860, if they are not placed under the autho rity of the Pope, the Powers of Europe only formally record the fait accompli. " The competence of the Congress, then, cannot be dis puted ; for, if it were now denied to be competent, it would be necessary to declare that the Congress of Vienna, the majority of which were representatives of great schismatic Powers, had no right to dispose of the territory of Romagna and its population in favour of the Pope. " It may be said, perhaps, that the territory of the Pope is indivisible; this is 'an error, contradicted by history. There exists no territory that has undergone more changes and viciasgudes than the patrimony of St. Peter. Given 'by Pepin to Pope Stephen 11., it reverted again to the Empire, was contended for by rival claimants, and was not restored to the Holy See till the reign of Louis XII. It was the same with the Legations, which, after many struggles, were only annexed to the Roman States by Louis do Goezaga. Finally, in 1796, a Pope, Pius VI., signed at 'Tolentino, a treaty that ceded to France, in perpetuity, for him and his successor, Bologna, Ferrara, and the Romagna. The Pope equally renounced any rights he might have posSessed over the cities and territories of Avignon, and the " Venaissin corn te that now forms the department of Vaucl use. " Infact, in 1791, Avignon, which had rebell e d aga i ns t the Pope's Legate, demanded to be united to. France, and au . Act of the Constituent Assembly effected this 'annexation, 'which was only recognised by the Pdpe in the Treaty of Tolentino. " Now, either the territory of the Church, as some main tain, is an inalienable and indivisible patrimony.that may not be touched—in which case the sovereignty over the Department of Vaucluse ought to be restored to the Popo —or else this territory is, like all others, liable to changes, and then it is permitted to pious, but independent minds, to discuss it more or less of extent. It is well known that nothing compels a Pope to cede it; and it is before the most redoubtable force that his weakness is most invin cible, when it has right for its protection. "The territory of the Papal States, therefore, is no more indivisible than its extent is invariable. Like all possessions. this one is subjected to the influence of events; it is extended or diminished according as its interests and the general necessities of policy. impose changes upon it. In this re spect nothing is exempted. Only the spiritual authority of the Pope is immutable, like the truths it represents and the doctrines it teaches. As to the temporal authority allied to the other, it, by a superior principle, ,necessarily remains subjected to all the conditions of human thiggs. To endow with a divinity that which is only human:would be to lower the power that is Divine, and give the character of eternity to institutions as mutable and fledgeling as the accidents, the changes, and tho progress of society. " All the reasons that are brought forward to impeach the competence of the Congress, and fetter its freedom of action, aro thererore valueless. Europe, which; in 1815, could sacrifice Italy, can, in 1860, emancipate and save her. The right of acting is the same ; the only question is its better application. "As to the special objection that the majority of the great Powers being schismatic, they are by that fact alone ren dered incompetent to deprive the Pope of one of his pro vinces, we reply—since these same Powers in 1815 gave them to the Pope, they have certainly the right to consider whether they can or cannot leave them in his possession in 1860. • "What is to be done in the actual position of affairs to conciliate interests that appear irreconcilable ? "Two extreme parties aro opposed to each other—one wishei to deprive fhe Pope of everything, the other to give him all. They are two hypotheses equally inadmissablo, and both, though radically contrary to each other, would have the same result for the Papacy. " We believe there is another coarse that may be taken. First, wo wish that the Congress, should recognize as an essential principle of European order, the necessity of the temporal power of tho Pope. That is for us the chief point. The principle here appears to us to have more value than the territorial possession, more or less extensive, that will be its natural consequence. As for this territory itself, the city of Rome includes all that is most important in it ; the rest is only secondary. The city of Rome and the Patri mony of St. Peter must be guaranteed to the . Sovereign Pontiff by the great Powers, withu considerable revenue, that the Catholic States will pay,'as a tribute of respect And protection to the Head. of the Church. An Italian Militia, chosen from the elite of the Federal army, should assure the trstnquillity and inviolability of the Holy See. Municipal liberties, as extensive as possible, should release, the Papal Government from all the details of administration, and thus give a share of public local life to those who 'are disinherited of political activity. Finally, every complication, every idea of war and of revolt, must be for ever banished from the territory governed by the Pope, that it may be said, where reigns the Vicar of Christ there also reign well being, concord, and peace. "It is the task of the Congress to effect this transforma tion, become necessary to consolidate the temporal autho rity of Rome. As we have before said, this consolidation is absolutoly connected with the interests of Europe. As a temporal and divine institution, the Papacy has nothing to fear from men; it is eternal. As a political institution it is exposed to all the trials and calamities that imponiover all human things. Well I it is important to tho secaity and honour of all that it should not be attacked in the constitu tion it has received from time and history. Catholic or schismatic, the great Powers have the same interest, for the independence of the head of the Church is not only a ques tion of conscience and religion ; it is also a guarantee of the moral equilibrium of the world. This great cause, there fore, cannot be indifferent to any ono ; and we know no cause more worthy of the arbitration of those who are called on to judge it. "Of what avail are any illusions ? By a combination of many circumstances, by a succession of causes that go far back into history, the temporal power of the Pope is seri ously menaced in the conditions uuder which it is now exercised. It is a great calamity, which we deplore from the bottom of our hearts ; but it is also a great danger, which it is the duty of all—men of the world and religious men alike—to lessen, for the good of the Church as for the interests of Europe. The Holy See is placed en a volcano, and the Pontiff, who is charged by God to maintain peace in the world, is himself constantly threatened with a revo lutioxso Ho, the august representative of the highest moral authority on earth, can only maintain himself by the pro tection of foreign armies. These military occupations only protect hhir by compromising him. They excite against him all the susceptibilities of the national feeling. They prove that he cannot rely on the love and respect of his people. " It is a deplorable position that only blindness and im prudence can wish to prolong, but which enlightened and respectful attachment requires should be changed as soon as possible. The change is both necessary and urgent, and only the declared enemies or blind friends of the Papacy can resist it. The question is not that of diminishing the patrimony of St. Peter, but of saving it. " When France declared itself in favour of Italy this great interest, the safety of the Papacy, was certainly one of the most serious pro. occupations of the policy of its So vereign. The Emperor Napoleon saw that the temporal power of the Popo, restored in 1849, and since protected by his arms, was gravely menaced in the conditions of its poli tical existence. He saw that it was necessary to save the Papacy in emancipating Italy. God has blessed his enter prise, and has given him the victory ; but his glory would be sterile if, in giving its nationality to a people, he did not assure to the Church its security and independence. "The Emperor Napoleoa 1., by the Concordat with Rome, reconciled a new society and the faith. With the genius of a statesman, and the conscience of an honest man, he raised an altar and restored a worship in this noble France, humiliated by the scepticism, and degraded by the anarchy, :which, at a period of madness, called itself the goddess Reason. • " May his heir have the honour in his turn to reconcile the Pope as temporal S4vereign, with his subjects and his age 1 This is what all hearts sincerely Catholic ought to ask of Heaven." THE NEW HEAD-MASTER AT HARROW SCHOOL. —The WolverhanaPion Chronicle of yesterday informs us that on Sunday last the Bishop of Lichfield, at his ordina tion at Eccleshall, Staffordshire, was pleased to confer the order of priesthood on the ROY. H. M. Butler, MA., Head-Master of Harrow Schocl, vice Dr. Vaughan, re signed. Mr. Butler at the time of his election was only in deacon's orders. [ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills and Ointment.— Indigestion—Bilious Headache.—These complaints may sometimes be considered trifling, but it should be borne in mind that by simple inattention and neglect they often end most seriously. Give early thought to a deranged stomach : take Holloway's Pills, rub his celebrated Ointment over the stomach and liver; you will at once perceive the change for the better in your digestion, spirits, appetite, strength, and energy. The improvement, though it may be gradual, will be thorough and lasting. They preserve from a re currence of the malady. Holloway's Pills will be found to purify the blood, and give healthy action to every organ ; and his Ointment beneficially influences, throegh the skin, both superficial and deep structures. [ADVERTISEMENT.I—It is ever a pleasing duty for a journalist to introduce to his readers some discovery calcu lated to benefit that vast portion of our fellow creatures which has the strongest chums upon our sympathies. It is with tl is feeling that we call the attention of invalids to the following extracts from Du Barry's interesting report of cures without medicine of indigestion (dys pepsia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious, and liver complaints, cough, asthma, consumption, and debility by Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food : Cure No. 52,422—Bridgehouse, Frimley, 3d April, 1854. I have suffered these 33 years continually from diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, deafness, sing ing in the ears, constipation, debility, shortness of breath and cough, which have been re moved by your Revalenta Arabica. My lungs, liver, stomach, head, and ears are all right, my hearing perfect, and my recovery is a marvel to all my acquaintances. James Roberts, timber merchant. En tins, at Is. 6d. • Ilb., 3s. ; 21b., ss. 9d.; 51b., 128.; 121 b., 265. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London' Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piceadilly ; Abbis, 60, Gracechureh-street ; 4, Cheapside; 63, and 150, Oxford street ; 330 and 4 51 , Strand • 49 and 60, Bishopsgate. street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. Also at Dublin, Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburgh, Raimes and Co.; at Liverpool, Niaon and Thew; at Manchester, Sharp and Scott; at York, Raimes, !Blanchard, and. Co. ; at South ampton, Randall and Son. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEINIBER 22, 1859. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS CHEAP EXCUR SIONS to the NORTH. On FRIDAY, December 23, AN EXCURSION TRAIN will leave Padding - ton at 8 a.m. for OXFORD (Fares, Its and 5s Gd), Banbury (14s and 6s 6d), Leamington and Warwick (18s and 8s), Birmingham (20s and Os 6d), West Bromwich, Wednesbury, and Bilston (21s 6d and 10m), Wolverhainpton (228 Cid and UM Gd), Wellington and Shrewsbury (27s Gd and 13s), Chester (33s and 15s), Birkenhead and Liverpool (37s and 17s) ; re turning on SATURDAY, December 31, from Liverpool (lauding-stage), at 8.10 a.m., and intermediate stations as per handbills. CHRIS-TMAS HOLIDAYS.— EXCURSIONS AT LOW FARES, via GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—On FRIDAY, December 23d, and TUESDAY, December 27th, an EXCURSION TRAIN will leave Paddington at 8 a.m. for OXFORD !Fares, 6s 6d and 45.), Banbury (8s and ss), Leamington and Warwick (10s 6cl and 6s), BirminAliam (12s and 7s), West Bronivtich, Wedues bury, and Bilston (128 6d and .7s 6d), Wolverhampton (13s and Ss), Wellington and Shrewsbury (17s and 10s), Chester (18s 6d and 118), Birkenhead and Liverpool (2 t s and 12s 6d), returning on TUESDAY, December 27th, and SATURDAY, December 31st from Liverpool (landing-stasze) at 8 10 a.m., and intermediate stations as per handbills.—N.B. Tickets taken on the 23d will only be available for return on the 27th December. 111 HE ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 6, New Bridge-street, Blackfriars, London. - ',Established 1823. The lowest rates of Premium on the Mutual System. The whole of the Profits divided every Fifth Year. Assets amounting to £1,840,000. The Bonus additions in 1859 (which averaged £65 per Cent. en the Premiums paid) amounted to £475,000, the sum of £890,000 having been added as Bonus at previous Divisions. The Annual Income exceeds £260,000. The Society continues its invariable practice of making no charge for service in any volunteer corps. ALEXANDER MACDONALD, Secretary. ECONOMIC LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. SPECIAL NOTICE.-BONUS OF 1864. Proposals for Assurance should be made before the Ist Yanuary, 1860, to entitle the Assured to Participation in the Division of Profits in 1861. THE LIVERPOOL and LONDON FIRE and -A- LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. Established 1836. Offices—No. 1, Dale-street, Liverpool, and 20 and 21, Poultry, London. • Liability of Proprietors Unlimited. Invested Funds PROGRESS OF THE COMPANY. _ Year. Fire Premiums. Life Premiums. Invested Funds 1848 3.5,472 .... 19,840 388,990 1853 113,612 .... 49,128 620,898 1858 .... 276,058 .... 121,411 .... 1,150,035 The Annual Income exceeds £450,000. Policies expiring on CHRISTMAS-DAY should be re newed before the 9th of January. SWINTON BOULT, Secretary to the Company. LIFE ASSURANCE. - ADVICE OFFICE, No. Pinch-lane, Cornhill. LIFE POLICY HOLDERS and you wno MEAN TO INSURE YOUR LIVES, write tO Messrs. DAVIES and Co. for their prospectus. It is to be had for asking for. It will show you how to convert your present Policy into a Jewel of INTRINSIC VALUE. How to make that Policy, which now requires your constant care and watchful ness to , save it from extinction, an INALIENABLE PRO PERTY, available for present use as well as future consolation. To study that prospectus, and act as it directs, may be the means, when you are dead, of saving those who are dearest to you from insolvency and want. Proofs unfortunately are not wanting that such things have come to pass through the agency of a policy of assurance. BURROWS AND CO., Wholesale Wine Mer chants, LIVERPOOL. Stores Lime-street. Offices 54, Duke-street. The Proprietors beg most resptetfully to call the attention of the trade, noblemen, clergy, &c., and the public In general, to their extensive stock of Choice Wines, of rare vintages. BURROWS and Co. are not disposed to comment upon the purity of their wines, which is daily most laudably acknow ledged by the public and eminent medical men of all coun tries, as the increasing patronage of the highest families in the land is a sufficient guarantee. They beg to call particular attention to their' pure Tonic Wines, as being so valuable to Invalids and persons of weak stornac s. - A sample ease, containing three full-sized wine bottles, will be forwarded to any address on receipt of P. 0.0. for Gs. Bd. or a dozen for 295. It is a well-known fact that impure and adulterated wines are the greatest foes to health, producing acidity in the stomach, and debilitating the digestive organs, while pure wines will accelerate the digestive powers, invigorating, strengthening, and bracing the nervous system. Their Tonic Wine is admitted to be most essential to in valids, both old and young, and should never be absent from the homes of the weak and sickly. Its properties are duly acknowledged and appreciated by the leading men of the faculty, both at home and abroad. To prevent imposition each bottle is sealed with the name of the firm. All orders to be made payable to HENRY BURROWS. INDIGESTION CURED at last by MEN- A. THANODYNI4I, or Pain-relieving Mint.—lt is now dis covered that the power of restoring health to the stomach depends upon the normal condition of that very sensitive pneumogastric nerve. The miseries of melancholy, despair, rheumatism, spasms, diarrhoea, piles, are removed by the use of menthanodyne; irritability is allayed, sleep restored, pulsation rendered more equal, and man becomes more evenly energetic in his duties of life, and happy.—Sold by all medi dne vendors, and wholesale at J. GROS SMITH'S, 85, New gate-street, London. GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH. USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, AND PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to bo THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED. WREN YOU ASK 'FOR GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, SEE THAT YOU GET IT, As inferior kinds are often substituted. Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers, .ko, WOTHERSPOON & CO.. GLASGOW AND LONDON E. It.'Power, at Portsmouth, is ordered to complete defects and prepare for further service. This vessel during the last 16 months has gone over 32,000 nautical miles ; has embarked and conveyed to their destinations four entire regiments, five complements of detachments besides smaller numbers ; also be tween 600 and 700 invalids and supernumeraries, and 800 tons of stores. sing a limited territory. To satisfy so high an interest it is fully permitted to withdraw some hundred thousand souls from the lif3 of nations, without, however, sacrificing them, and giving them guarantees of welfare and social protection. The Government of the Pope must be paternal in its ad ministration, as it is by its nature. He who calls himself the Holy Father ought to be a father for all his subjects. If his institutions are beyond the princirles which guaran tee the rights of government in a political society, his acts ought to be only the more irreproachable, and when he can not be imitated by auy one he will be the envy of all men. We look, therefore, upon the temporal Government of the Pqpe ea the image of th 6 Govetnment of the Church. It is a Pontificate, and not a Dictatorship. The large de velopment of his municipal area relieving him from the responsibility of administrative interests, he can maintain himself in a sphere far above the management of affairs. A member of the Italian Confederation, he is protected by the Federal army. A Federal army ought not to be more than an e►ublem of public order. When enemies are to be fought, either at home or abroad, it is not for the Head of the Church to draw the sword. Blood shed in his name seems an insult to Divine mercy, which he represents ; when he raises his hand it ought to be to bless, and not to strike. "Another very important point is that the Catholic reli gion does not remain exclusively at the charge of the sub jects of the Pontifical Government. The Pope is the spiritual sovereign of all his flock ; it would not be equitable that the necessary expenses to maintain the splendour which appertains to the majesty of the Head of the Church should be supported by the populations of his States. It is for the Catholic Powers to provide the means which concern them all by a large tribute paid to the Holy Father. His budget will thus not be exclusively Roman, and will be interna tional, like his authority, whi . ch in a religious point of view is recognised and respected everywhere whore the dogma which he represents is the law bf consciences: In this man ner a double result, equally precious, will be maintained. On the one hand, the Pope will find in the tribute of the . Catholic Powers a new proof of the universality and unity of the moral power which he exercises ; and, on the other, he will not be obliged to press upon his people by taxes which would not fill his treasury except by throwing dis credit on his name. " In short, there will be a people in Europe who will be ruled less by a King than by a father, and whose rights will be guaranteed rather by the heart of the Sovereign than by the authority of the laws and institutions. This people will have no national representation, no army, no ,press, no ma gistracy. The whole of its political existence will be limited to its municipal organisation. Beyond that narrow circle it will have no other resource than contemplation, the arts, the study of ruins (la culture des ruinee), and prayer. He will be for ever disinherited of that noble portion of activity which in every country is the stimulus of patriotism and the legitimate exercise of the faculties of the mind of supe rior character& Under the Government bf the Sovereign Pontiff there oan be no aspiration either to the glory of the moldier or the triumphs of the orator or of the statesman. It will be the Government of peace and reflection—a sort of oasis where the passions and interests of politics will not trespass, and which will only have the sweet and calm con templations of a spiritual world. " Doubtless, there is in this exceptional condition some thing painful for men who feel within them noble ambitions to serve and raise themselves by merit, and who aro con demned to inaction. It is a sacrifice which must be asked from them in a higher order of interests, before which pri vate interests must fall. Moreover, if the subjects of the Pope are deprived of a political existence, they will be in demnified, on the other hand, by a most paternal Govern ment, by the exemption from taxation, by the moral great ness of their country, which is the centre of Catholic faith, and by the presence ea Court, the brilliancy of which, ne cessary for the double Majesty of the Pontiff and the Pi ince, will be maintained by the moans of liberal tributes paid by the Catholic Powers of Europe. These considerations have surely some value, and, after all, under such a system, with such advantages, and with the chance of having great Popes, such as history records, it will always be an honour to call j oneself a Roman citizen—civis .Romanus. "`I. " Necessity of maintaining the 'temporal power of tho Pope; ' " Necessity of divesting it. as much as possible of all the responsibilities incumbent upon a Government, and of placing the need of the Church in a sphere where his spiri tual authority can neither be shackled nor compromised by his political authority ; " Necessity, to achieve this, of restricting instead of ex tending his territory, and of diminishing rather than in creasing the number of his subjects;; "Necessity of, giving to the population of these States, thus deprived of the advantages of a political existence, compensations by a paternal and economical administration ; " Such is in a few words the substance of what we have endeavoured to demonstrate in the preceding pages. " As a consequence of this demonstration, another ques tion presents itself—a delicate question, but the solution of which we imagine will become easier at the light of the principles we have laid down. " The Romagna has been separated de facto for some months from the authority of the Popo. It has boon living larder a Provisional Government. It is activel, ruled by a Government whose powers extend over all the States of Central Italy. Thus this separation bears for it all the marks of a fait accompli. " Is the Romagna to be restored to the Pope ? " To resolve this question we do not wish to consult the' interests of the Papacy. As we have already said, it is in a Catholic spirit that we write, and we seek solely what may be advantageous to the Church, to assure to its august Head the security and grandeur which France, more than any other nation, is bound to give him. " Thus, it is not our task kere to study tho interests of the populations of the Romagna, the right they may have to give themselves another form of Government, the com plaints which they raise against the Pontifical Adminis • tration, the sincerity mare or less serious of the votes which have pronounced the annexation to Piedmont;—this does not come within our subject. " Is it advisable, yes or no, for the glory of the Church, for the authority of its Head, that the Romagna should be restored to the patrimony of the Holy Father ? This is all that we have to examine. 711 E NAVY. In all the departments connected with Chatham dockyard the utmost possible activity is now visible, most of the workmen employed in the se veral factories working extra hours in order to meet the demands on the resources of the various esta blishments. The two line-of-battle ships, the Atlas, 91, and the Bulwark, 91, screw two-deckers, have all the available hands at work on them, and, al though they have only been laid down compara tively recently, they are in a very forward state, and will be fit for launching early in the ensuing financial year. An improved 51-gun screw frigate, the Undaunted, in the shed under which the Charybdis was built, has made astonishing pro gress ; this frigate will be one of the finest of that class of ships in the British navy, and being in tended for a high rate of speed, and supplied with the long-range Armstrong guns, will be a most for midable object to encounter ; it is intended to com plete and launch her with the least possible delay. Preparations have also been commenced for laying down two additional screw two-deckers, each of 91 guns, the plans for which have been prepared and received at Chatham dockyard. The Rodney, 91, in dock, is nearly completed in her conversion from a sailing-ship to a two-decker screw, and from the extensive alterations made in her this vessel has been almost rebuilt and entirely remodelled ; the Severn, 51, in the adjoining dock, is undergoing a similar process, and both have a large num ber of shipwrights and mechanics employed on them. On tho first and second slips, the Rattle snake and the Orpheus, 21, screw steamers, are pro gressing very fast, and although both were anly laid down a few months since they are in a forward state. The new steam basin is now occupied by the screw corvette Charybdis, 21, which is being fitted for the steam reserve. The steam and other fac tories connected with Chatham dockyard are all in full operation. In addition to the works connected with the Government departments, there are vari ous works in progress by the contractors for im proving and enlarging the dockyard, and these are likely to be extended over a considerable period, the Government having devoted a large sum for the purpose. When the whole of the works which are now in progress at Chatham are completed that dockyard will be one of the most commodious of any of the naval establishments. The workmen at Chatham dockyard will be granted a day's holiday on Monday next, in conse quence of Christmas-day falling this year on Sun day. The Adelaide screw steamer, 2,060 tons, the pro perty of Mr. C. R. Stock, of London, arrived on Tuesday at Woolwick, having been chartered by the Government to take officers and stores to China. This fine vessel is intended to sail on the 31st of December. She is the first that has arrived at Wool. wich out of the six transports already taken up for this service by Government. The manner in which this vessel has been got ready is an instance of the most creditable despatch, and gives promise that the reign of routine is approaching an end. The Adelaide was tendered just one week before she was delivered at Woolwich, having within that time been taken out of the Victoria Dock, being two days in Wigram's dry dock for repairs, passed the Go vernment survey, and been completed for sea. The paddlewheel steam sloop Firebrand, Com. Dayman, from Gibraltar, Dec. 14, arrived in Ply mouth yesterday with invalids, convicts, and stores. The Marlborough. Victor Emmanuel, Brunswick, and other ships belonging to Admiral Fremantle's fleet, were in the Bay. The Agamemnon and James Watt had sailed for Lisbon. The Vigilant, 6, screw, Commander IV. Armytage, was paid off at Portsmouth yesterday. The Duncan, 101, screw, in No. 7 dock at Ports mouth, yesterday took in her screw shaft. Mr. G. H. Barr, late of the Urgent, has joined this ship as her future enoineer. The Bacchante, 51, screw, has completed her masting in the steam-basin at Portsmouth, and has bee' taken in hand by the riggers of the yard to complete for the first class steam reserve. The Dee, paddle, Master-Commander Pullen, has been taken into the steam basin at Portsmouth to discharge boilers and machinery. The Perseyerance, screw troopship, Commander TILE POPE AND THE CONGRESS. The following is a translation of the very im portard pamphlet by M. de la Guerroniere, which has just been published—of course by permission— at Paris : "We wish, in a true Catholic spirit, to study a question which has imprudently become impassioned. ' Passion,' says Montesquieu, makes us feel, but never makes us see.' Let us then endeavour to banish it from a subject where con science and reason can alone speak with authority. Between those who, detesting the temporal power of the Pope. loudly, invoke his fall, and those who, looking upon that power as an article of faith, will not allow it to be touched, there is place for a less exclusive opinion in one sense or the other. This opinion, which respects equally the rights of peoples and the interests of religion, protests against that antagonism to which they are seemingly exposed by abso lute-minded 'men starting from opposite points, and who clash in a mutual resistance. We sincerely believe that it is not , impossible for the Sovereign Pontiff to retain his patrimony without imposing by force upon the populations an authority which reigns in the name of God. If this conciliation could be effected it would be a great triumph for politics and for the Church. Whatever may be the re sultl the attempt ignoble. lt ir. "First of all, is the temporal power of the. Pope maces sary for the sxercise of his spiritual power ? The Catholic doctrine arid political reason here agree in replying in the affirmative. In a religious point of view it is essential that the Pope lihould be a SOvereign. In a political point of view it is necessary that the head of 200,000,00 of Catho 'lies should not be dependent on any one, not be subservient to any. Power, and that the august hand which sways the souls, free from all trammels, should be able to soar above all human passions. If the Pope were not an independent Sovereign 'he would be either French, Spanish, Austrian, or Italian, and tho title of his nationality would deprive him of his character as universal Pontiff. The Holy See would be nothing more than the stay of a throne at Paris, Vienna, or Madrid. It was so at a former period, and a suc cessor of St. Peter had the misfortune to allow his authority to be absorbed in the ' Holy German Empire.' Europe was deeply shaken by it, and that disturbance of its moral and political equilibrium lasted for nearly three centuries. The struggle between Guelph and Ghibelline was, in reality, nothing else but an effort to emancipate the Papacy from the preponderance of the Emperor of Germany. Even at the present day those historical de nominations have survived the events. The head of the Church is styled Guelph or Ghibelline, according as he is considered a partisan of Austria or the representative of Italian nationality and of the independence of the Holy See. All the great Popes were Guelphs, becalms the con dition of their glory was to belong to themselves—that is to say, to acknowledge only the authority of GOd. Whenever they made their authority subservient to the interests of a Prince they altered the true principle of their authority. The Church suffered—Europe suffered from it. " The spiritual power, the seat of which is at Rome, can not be displaced without shaking the political power, not only in the Catholic States, but in all Christian States. It is equally important for England, Russia, and Prussia, as it is for France and Austria, that the August representative of Catholic unity should neither be constrained, nor humili ated, nor * subordinate. Rome is the centre of a moral power toe universal for it'not to be in the interests of all Govern ments and all peoples that it should not incline to any side, and that, it should remain immovable on the sacred rock which no, human power can overthrow. " 111. " The necessity of the temporal power of the Pope in the double point of view of the interests of religion and of political order in Europe is, therefore, clearly proved. But what is this power in itself How can the Catholic authority, founded upon dogma, be reconciled with a con ventional authority, founded on public morals, human in terests, social wants ? How can the Pope be at the same time Pontiff and King ? How can the man of the Gospel, who forgives, be the mtul. Ai the law, Rho punishes? How can the head of the Church, who excommunicates heretics, be the head of the State, who protects freedom of conscience I' Such is the problem to be solved. Doubtless the problem is difficult. There is, in some measure, antagonism between the Prince and the Pontiff confounded in the same personifi-' cation. The Pontiff is bound by principles of divine order which he cannot discard. The Prince bas to respond to the claims of society which he cannot disown. Where, then, are the means to be found that the mission of the Pontiff may find in the independence of the Prince a guarantee of his authority, without finding therein at the same time an embarrassment for his conscience ? "If we were to seek for the solution of this problem in the customaryforms of tho government of peoples we should not find it. There does not exist in the world a constitu tion of a nature to conciliate exigencies so diverse. It is neither by monarchy nor by liberty that this end can be obtained. The power of the Pope can only be a paternal power; he must rather resemble a family than a State. Thus, not only is it not necessary that this territory should be of large extent, but we think that it is even essential that it should be limited. The smaller the territory, the greater will be the Sovereign. " In fact, a great State implies certain requirements (exi gencies) which it is impossible for the Pope to satisfy. A great State would like to follow up the politics of the day, to perfect its institutions, participate in the general move ment of ideas, take advantage of the transformations of the age, of the conquests of science, of the progress of the human mind. Ho cannot do it. The laws will bo shackled by his dogmas. His authority will be paralyzed by traditions. His patriotism will be condemned by faith. Ho must either resign himself to immobility, or rise even to revolt. The world will advance and leave him behind. Then, of two things, ono will happen,—either everything will be extin guished in that people, and nothing will remain in it of the generous activity of public life, or else the noble aspirations of nationality will burst through, and it will become neces sary, as we have witnessed already, for material force to supply the deficiencies of moral authority. The temporal power of the Pope under those conditions cannot maintain itself unless protected by an Austrian or French military occupation ;—a painful resource, for every Power that does not exist upon its national strength and public confidence is simply an institution—is but an expedient. The Church, far from finding therein a condition of independence, would only find a cause of discredit and incapacity. This is not what France can wish. This is not what truly reli gious men can desire. 4 IV. " Thlus, then, the temporal power of the Pope is neces sary and legitimate; but it is incompatible with a State of any extent. It is only possible, if exempt from all the ordi nary conditions of power—that is to say, from everything that constitutes its activity, its development, its progress. It must exist without an army, without a Parliament, so to say, without a code of laws or a court of justice. It is a dis tinct system, and which approaches nearer to family autho rity than to the Government of a people. Under this system the dogmas aro the laws, the priests are the legislators, the altars are the citadels, and the spiritual weapons aro the only defence of the Government. The power lies less in its strength than in its weakness ; it is to be found in the re spect which it commands, and in the happiness which it gives to those to whom it refuses the enjoyments of a politi • cal life. " Hence it naturally ensues, in our opinion, that the ques tion is not to ascertain whether the Pope shall have more or fewer subjects, more or less territory. He must have sufficient not to be subjugated himself and to be a Sovereign of the temporal order. But this sovereignty must not render it obligatory upon him to act a political part, for then the Pontiff, instead of finding in this power a guarantee of in dependence, would find only a condition of servitude for himself or a necessity of servitude for his people. " The existence may be admitted in Europe of a small corner of earth free from the passions and interests which agitate other peoples, and devoted solely to the glory of God. In that corner of earth, illustrated by the grandest reminiscences of history, the centre of Catholic unity has replaced the capital of the world. Rome, which formerly resumed within her all the grandeur of the Pagan era, has an exceptional calling. In losing her political domination she has acquired a domination of a more elevated character in the spiritual order, and she styles herself ' The Eternal City.' Religion, souvenirs, and the arts also form a nationality. Those who live at Rome, under the autho rit y of the Head of the Church, are doubtless subject to parti cular conditions of social and civil life ; but if they are no longer the members of a great country they are still the citizens of a glorious metropolis, which extends its influence wherever faith is maintained and spreads. Rome belongs, then, to the Head of the Church. Should she slip away from that august power, she would at once lose all her prestige ; Rome with a tribune, orators, writers, a secular Government, and a prince at the Vatican, would be nothing more than a town. Liberty would disinherit her. After having given laws to the whole world, she can only retain her greatness by commanding souls. The Roman Senate has no other compensation worthy of it but the Vatican. " V. " History, religion, politics, justify, then, completely a derogation from the regular and normal conditions of the life of peoples. Nothing more simple, more lagitintate, and more essential than the Pope throning at Rome and posses- " VII. " The Romagna, despite the cession made of it by the Holy See in 1796, is a perfectly legitimate possession of the Pontifical Government. The insurrection of its inhabitants against the Popo is thence a revolt against legal right and against treaties. It is in virtue of the treaties of 1815 that the Romagna, which formed a part of the kingdom of Italy under the Empire, . was finally restored to the Pope. As long as those treaties subsist it is incontestable that the So vereign Pontiff is justified in asserting his claim, as ho has done, to a portion of his territory which has thrown off his sovereignty. " But are the Papacy and religion interested in this claim Hero conscience hesitates, and its sentiment disagrees with the rigorous interpretation of legal right. Is the Romagna, which is a legitimate possession of the Holy See, a neces sary extension of his temporal authority ? If it wore thus, there would be no doubt ; the question would be settled in the opinion of all good Catholics. "We ourselves aro of the opinion that the separation of the Romagna would not tend to diminish the temporal power of the Popo. His territory, it is true, would be di minished, but his political authority, disencumbered of a resistance which paralyses it, would not be weakened, but morally strengthened. For, let us repeat it, the authority ' of the Head of the Church does not lie in the extent of a territory which he cannot retain except by the support of foreign arms, and in the number of subjects which he is obliged to oppress to make them submit ; it lies in the con fidence and respect which he inspires, and which relieve him from having recourse to extreme measures of rigour and constraint, bad for all Governments, but especially so for a Prince who reigns gospel in hand. " What matters it, then, to the prestige, to the dignity, to the greatness of the Sovereign Pontiff, the square miles comprised in his States ? Does he want space to be beloved and venerated ? Are not his benedictions and his teachings the most powerful manifestations of his right ? Does he not loge and bless the whole universe ? Whether he rules ever few or many, that is not the question ; what is essen tial is that he should have a sufficient number of subjects to ' be independent, and that he should not have too many to be carried away by those currents of passions, of interests, of novelties which are produced everywhere where there are 'considerable agglomerations. " The importance of the Pope does not consist in the 21 provinces which he actually possesses. Bologna, Ancona, and Ravenna, separated from Rome by a chain of moun tains, the character of their inhabitants and historical sou venirs add nothing to the splendour of Rome. The Pope throning at Rome, his seat at the Vatican, is what awes (frappe) the world. The Sovereign of the Roman States is scarcely thought of. " However, wo grant that if the Romagna belonged freely to the Pope by the adhesion, the confidence, and attachment of its population, as it belongs to him by the right of history and by treaties, it could not be considered as an embarrass ment for him. Facts prove that it is not so. Since the treaties of 1815 that portion of the States of the Church has not suffered lass than 20 years of Austrian occupation. Austria was still at Bologna, when the flag of France ap peared on the Alps. It was its retreat which occasioned the departure of the Legate and the overthrow of the Papal authority. Without Austria that power can neither be re stored nor maintained. All this, unhappily, is on incon trovertible evidence. "By restoring the Romagna to the Holy Father it would not be restoring to him respectful, submissive, and devoted subjects, ready to obey his behests ; it would be giving him enemies of his power, resolved to resist him, and whom force alone could keep wider, What would the Church gain PRICE 4 D • STAMPED, SD. thereby ? It would be obliged to see unfaithful sons in re bellious subjeg i fs, and to excommunicate those it ought to strike. To assert its sovereignty it would, perhaps, have to renounce its noblest title, that of Mother. This is not what it desires. This is not what the BiShopa and the Catholics desire. A resumption of possession acquired at such sacrifices would be a disaster, and not a triumph. For some 100,000 inhabitants restored to the temporal sway of. the Pope, it would give a blow to his spiritual authority from which the protection of God and the wisdom of Eu rope will know how to protect it. "VIII. " But this is not all. Let us take the impossible supposi tion that the Church does not fear this damage, and that the Pope does not retreat before this extremity ; let us suppose that it is agreed to restore the Romagna to the Pontifical Government,—how is it to be thrift ? Is it by the voice of persuasion and by good counsel ? But those means have been• exhausted. The Emperor of the French, who has con stantly'defended the rights of the Ibly See, has exercised all his moral authority to calm the public mind in Central Italy, and to reconcile the populations with their former Governments. It has not succeeded, and its influence failed before the impossible. There remains then; but one means—force. "It is force only which can restore the Romagna to the condition imposed upon it by treaties and by history. Can it be employed ? And if employed, who is to be charged with executing it ? Is it France ? Is it Austria ? " An armed intervention to subjugate the Italians would be the most fatal step for the late Governments, especially for the Pontifical Government. Restorations effected by foreign arms have never been successful ; they have always had to pay the penalty of their origin. Whqn a Govern ment is imposed upon a country by the stranger, it is never accepted freely, and is nearly always violently over thrown. "It is true that France reinstated Pius IX. at Rome. It is already a misfortune for the Church that it was neces sary to have recourse to that extreme measure, and this is evident from the necessity of prolonging the occupation by our army. It must be added that Rome is in a situation quite exceptional, which traces her destiny. She is destined by her past greatness to the position she occupies since the establishment of the Papacy. She cannot escape from it ; her fate is settled (regle). It is the decree of civi lisation, of history, and of God himself. But is that which is necessary for Rome also possible for the other cities of the Roman States? We do not think so, for 'the inconvenience of that intervention, already so considerable as regards the metropolis of Catholicism, would be far more serious 'if it became necessary to lay siege to every town of the Legations. It would be the moral ruin of the authority of the Sovereign Pontiff. Instead of reigning by acknow ledged right, and by the respect he inspires, he would have to reign by force. " Let us go still further, and ask who will be charged With this restoration by force ? Would it be France? Would it.be Austria ? " France I But she cannot do it. A Catholic nation, she. would never consent to strike so serious a blow at the moral power of Catholicism. A liberal nation, the could not com pel a people to submit to a Government which their will rejects. "Catholics who sack such a triumph for the Church ap pear to us as dangerous for it as would be for the Monarchy the Royalists who would dream of re-establishing the ancient legitimacy by the aid of a new invasion. "As regards compelling peoples, France is not used to such work. When she meddled in their affairs it was to enfranchise them, and not to oppress them. Under Louis XVI. we went to the New World to help it to achieve its nationality. Belgium and the Danubian Principalities are indebted to us for their political existence. It is not the Emperor who could prove unfaithful to these generous tra ditions. " In Italy, more so than in any other country, France is bound to uphold the principles of her liberal policy. Franco .has carefully avoided encouraging and recognising the Go vernment de facto in Central Italy—she has exhausted her diplomatic efforts to reconcile the Princes with the popula tions ; but she cannot forget that those Governments sprung into life the day Austria retreated. They arose from a legitimate reaction against foreign occupation, and from it noble outburst of nationality towards France, which came to save the independence of the Peninsula. ," What has, fallen at Bologna, as at Modona, at Parma, and at Florence, is, then, not so much the authority of the farmer Princes as the influence of Austria, uhder which the Princes had unhappily effaced the national character of their sovereignty. '• It would certainly have been very desirable if what has fallen from the reaction of the national sentiment so long oppressed could be re-established under the guarantee of reforms which had been promised. In giving her aid thereto, France was acting up to her policy of moderation; but in doing more, by turning now against the Italian people those victorious bayonets which six months ago protected it against Austria, she would bo acting contrary to all her principles. No man of common sense would give her such advice. "IX. " But if France cannot intervene, let her allow Austria to have her way. This is what the partisans of foreign inter vention in Italy say. And should we have run the risk of a great war, gained four victories, lost 50 ‘ 000 mon, spent 300 millions, and shaken Europe, that Austria might on the morrow of peace resume in the Peninsula the domination she exercised on the eve of her defeat ? Magenta and Sel ferino should be simply trophies of contemporaneous his tory P Shall our soldiers have shed their blood for vain glory ? French heroism be sterile ? No Ino I French policy does not harbour such inconsistencies and degrada tions. "The domination of Austria in Italy is at an end. This is the grand result of our campaign, consecrated by the peace of Villafranca. For Austria to return to Florence, to Farina, or to Bologna it would be necessary to admit that it was she who vanquished us. Let us render justice to her honesty and common sense. She does not pretend it, and those who in France make the pretence for her fotget at the same time what our principles impose upon us, and what our honour prohibits us. Our principles bid us leave Italy to herself, and respect the sovereignty we have re stored to her, on the condition that she will know how to conciliate its rights with the equilibrium of Europe. Our honour prohibits us from recognising the right of Austria to armed intervention, which we do not admit for ourselves. " France, then, cannot intervene for the re-establish ment of the temporal power of the Pope in the Romagna, and she cannot allow Austria to have recourse to force to compel the populations when she rejects its employment on her own account. "X. "If neither France nor Austria intervene, whose arm is it that will bring back the Romagna under the Papal sway ? Would it be that of an Italian Power ? There is but one Power to which such a task might appertain— Naples. But is that possible ? The kingdom of the Two Sicilios is labouring under a deep-set movement in the public, mind, which does not allow its Government to at tempt a diversion on the Abruzzi. It has need of all its forces to meet dangers at home, and by provoking a struggle it would incur the risk of a revolution. It would be the greatest act of imprudence it could commit to the prejudice of order, and especially to the prejudice of the Holy See. If all the elements of revolutionary combustion in the Peninsula have hitherto been kept under, it must be attributed to the passive attitude of the different factions, the hostile contaet of which would produce the spark that would set all Italy in a blaze. Opposed to the King of Naples, the champion of absolutism, would stand the King of Piedmont, the supporter of the liberty of the pecple. Civil war would have to decide, and anarchy would fatally be the last word of so disastrous an attempt. _ _ _ " The armed intervention of Naples would produce nothing but disasters if it were possible. But it is not pos sible, for it would be a manifest violation of the neutrality imposed upon all the Italian States. In fact, if the Neapo litan army entered the States of the Church, nothing could prevent the Piedmontese army from occupying Parma and Tuscany. Such disorder would not only be the overthrow of all international rules ; it would be, moreover, a revolt against the jurisdiction of Europe, whose duty it is, while respecting the right of Sovereignties, to watch over the ge neral order which concerns the safety of its equilibrium. "XI. onlyonete is thatrventio of thenthat hocwanblee of Europe,regular,effi cac‘ Therei ous,a is legitimate—itnd united in a congress to decide all the questions that affect the modifications of territory or the revision of treaties. The competence ofan European congress is established by the principles of international law. For the laws that bind the people of different nothing, as well as for those 'which are obligatory on the citizens of the same State, it is the twofold consecration of public interest, and general as sent that constitutes conventional right. Practice is in ac cordance with the theory, and we know from history that States have been formed, aggrandised, modified, and trans formed in virtue of treaties. " It was the treaties of 1815 that determined the politica' existence of Italy and its territorial divisions. "The cession of Lombardy to France, who again ceded it to Sardinia, was a special act of the will of Austria, which did not affect the organisation of the independent States of Italy, as they were constituted at the Congress of Vienna. To alter the frontiers of these States requires a reference to the same jurisdiction that regulated them—that is to say, to all the Powers who were parties to the treaties of 1815. " This is what has been done by the reservation inserted in the 19th Article of the Treaty of Zurich, the immediate consequence of which is the appeal to an European Congress that will meet on the sth of January. _ . "The Congress of Paris has full power to alter what was settled by the Congress of Vienna. Europe, combined at Vienna in 1815, gave the Romagna to the Pope ; Europe, P ÜBLICATIONS. • Now ready, at all the Libraries; in 3 vols., Cl E V E•N Y E A It S. ißy JULIA KAVANAGH. • " • Seven Years' is a beautiful story."—John "An admirable work."—Observer. " Nothing can be better in its kind than Miss Kavanagh's Seven Ytars.' The story never flags in interest"—Spectator. " These voluMes must add still greater celebrity to the high reputation of miss Kavanagh."—Messenger. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. NOTICE. THE CORNHILL MAGAZINE. Edited by W. M. TIIACKERAY. No. 1 (for JANUARY, 1800) may be procured of all Book sellers and at the Railway Statiens on the 23d instant, Price ONE SHILLING, Illilstrated. London : Smith, Elder, and Co., 65, Cornhill. - - cd lid TO .nd !all tcd tnd yea ror are r► , a ts and ?Jag flgo WAS , on now tted I to rgeo just Oh d at )osi saw br ,her in. 10 X 0.4 N. 22 cc. 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