The Sun. — London, England, 1869-02-05 00:00:00

C JOURNAT.S. THE GREAT POLISH SALT MINE. OP The Times observes that Dr. Tait was on Thursday placed on the oldest seat of authority in the s.. isles, for there is no throne of either temporal or spiritual authority that can dispute this claim with the see of St. Augustine. But Dr. Tait has given abundant proof of his qualifications. His late diocese is a post of more labour and more direct respon sibility. Indeed, it has already brought him into the front of the religious warfare as much as the Primacy can do. His opinion has been chal lenged on all sides upon all the controversies of the day, all the questionable practices indulged in by Church zealots, and all the legal questions raised by those who wish to liberate doctrine and authority from law and civil jurisdiction. He has had to decide and to declare upon various points of Ritualism, upon the freedoms lately assumed by Biblical scholars, and the liberty of interpretation allowed by the existing laws of the Church, and upon the claims of Churchmen, at home or elsewhere, to anticipate or override the judgments of courts. None cf these questions can be considered as settled, or as near a final settlement ; nor can it be thought satisfactory that two churches in the same street, bound by a common declaration of uniformity, should exhibit opposite and antagonistic preachings and practices. Something like an Anglican Catholicity too much upon the Roman model would seem to have been attempted by the zealous end over-sanguine managers of our religious societies, and the lawyers have to tell them how much beside their intentions the working really has been. Dr. Tait has shewn that he is not the man to be carried away byanydream of spiritual dominion, and that,' rendering what he will to Heaven, he will not deny Ciesar his due. He is a plain, sensible, and careful preacher and writer. He is sufficiently ready, and not destitute of eloquence. He is as learned as a bishop need be for usefulness. He is anxious and laborious beyond his strength. There, indeed, comes in the only objection that has been made to his appointment. If his health and strength have failed him at London House and Fulham, will they serve him better at Lambeth and Adding ton? He is no longer young, and has had warnings. Butif he is not strong enough for Canterbury, neither would he be for London, and the objection only suggests some new arrangement for aged and failing bishops, such as that for which Dr. Tait's immediate predecessor supplied an example and precedent. Dr. Tait's friends need not shrink from a comparison with any Primate of this century. All things considered, and taking into account the difference between fair weather and storm, smooth water and cross seas, we may yet find reason to congratu late ourselves that our pilot is something more than the amiable and accomplished gentleman who satisfied our fathers and their fathers before them. The Herald refers to the case which has just been dealt with by the presiding judge of the Central Criminal Court. Two foreigners, named Streimer and Kunacke, have been tried and convicted of forging and uttering a multitude of fictitious bills of exchange, and have very properly been sentenced to long periods of penal servi tude. Within a stone's throw of the Bank of England they carried out their nefarious and perilous trade of forgery by wholesale, and from a small office, situated almost under the shadow of that great establishment, they sent forth a multitude of ostensibly genuine commercial instruments, of which every part was false except the stamps they bore and the paper on which they were written. The firm of forgers must have had considerable knowledge of mercantile business, or they would never have ventured upon so extensive a scheme. They had bills which purported to have been drawn on firms in every quarter of the world, and in every part of the kingdom. The amounts too generally included some odd shillings and pence, just by way of keeping up appearances, and all the ordinary indications of good bills were carefully imitated, so that some of our most respectable banks were actually induced to advance money upon them. But when at length the police got upon the rogues' track, the drawers, acceptors, and endorsers of Messrs. Streimer and Kunacke's paper turned out to be purely mythical per sonages, with neither form nor substance, local habitation nor name. The wonder was how they had contrived to keep up their game so long, and to put so much stuff into circulation. But perhaps even ,this wonder was surpassed by the fact that, as far as could be ascer tained, they had made very little by it. We are afraid the natural inference is that we have only got at the underlings, and that the principal offenders are yet undiscovered, as is believed to be the case with the Russian and other foreign note forgeries. If so, the police have an opportunity of distinguishing themselves by running the greater delinquents to earth, and so ridding us of pests whose life must be passed in incessant endeavours to destroy that confidence without; which trade cannot be carried on, careless of the loss they inflict upon men un fortunate enough to be deceived by their evil and frau dulent devices. The Post mentions the fact that no fewer than 1,668 fire! occurred in the metropolis during the pastyear, and of these between one-third and one-fourth arose from " unknown causes." This subject was brought before the Metropo litan Board of Works during their meeting at the end of last week. Some of the members were very anxious that the Fire Brigade Committee should cause an investigation of all fires to be made, and a record kept of every suspicious cir cumstance. But however desirable the proposal might be, the general feeling of the board was decidely adverse to it. One of the members of the Board at the meeting said, " It could not be denied that fires were less frequent when investigations were held. In the parish to which he belonged, before the Fire Brigade was placed under the control of the board, the parish had to pay a much larger amount of fees for extinguishing fires than they did then ; and fires of a particular character, which were formerly very frequent, did not now occur." A properly-arranged system of judicial inquiry into cases of fire might, therefore, instead of being expensive, be the means of indirectly reducing expendi ture ; and whoever would be benefited by this reduction of the number of fires ought to be brought under contribu tion to defray the necessary expenses. It is to be hoped, therefore, that the discussion of the subject may lead to some practical steps being taken with the view of increas ing the security of the public and removing a stigma now undoubtedly attaching to the householders of the country since the great extension of fire insurance. The Standard defends the late Ministry from the charge of exercising an undue amount of patronage, and reminds adverse critics that the one party has been in office five years for its opponents' seventeen. A Liberal lawyer, clergyman, or politician, has at least three chances of promotion for one that falls to a Conservative. And any reasonable Liberal must regret that this should be so ; that the good things of professional and public life should be so unequally distributed. It is a necessary condition of a system under which pro motion is only to be expected from a man's own party, that each party should, during the average lifetime of a public servant or professional man, have on the whole about an equal period of power; otherwise one side is un fairly weighted in the race of life, as well as in the struggle of politics. The disadvantage of such a state of things as has obtained during the last eighty years is twofold. Up to 1830, the Tories had almost a monopoly of power; since 1830 they bare been almost always in opposition. Consequently, during the fast half of the period 1788-1868 the high planes of the bench, the Church, the civil servic, were entirely filled by Tories; and a Tory bias was given to the law, the Church, and the administra tion of the country. Since that time a similar preponder ance has been enjoyed by the Liberals. Again : besides the undue leaning to one side thus communicated to our courts, our ecclesiastical administration, and almost every service connected with the State, the professional adherents of one side are promoted too rapidly, while the others are unduly discouraged and thrown back. Lord Chelmsford had to wait many years for promotion, while his Whig rivals and juniors passed over his head. Sir F. Kelly was Solicitor-General in 1846, and had actually to remain at the bar for twenty-years longer, 'while men who had entered the profession when he was at its head were promoted to the bench. And, therefore, all candid and reasonable Liberals must rejoice that during Lord Derby's and Mr. Disraeli's brief term of office so considerable a number of vacancies have occurred as to give the T. - aies something like their fair share of the prizes of life, something like their rightful weight on the judicial bench, in the episcopate, and in the service of the Crown. The Daily News makes some remarks upon the arduous character of the work that lies before the new Commis sioner of Police. Colonel Henderson will find his work cut out for him in Scotland-yard. By common consent the police f orce i n th e metropo li s h as l a p se d i n t o a con dition fro m w hi c h on l y a strong h an d can raise_ it. its vigour reasons h ave been given for this decl i ne of _ vigour : th e one which has obtained most acceptance w i th the public is that of late years the primary object for which th e force exists has been lost sight of ; while another, altogether aecon.lary, has been g rea tly exaggera ted. The public b e li eve that the force has been administered too much with a view to its discharging the duties of a military body, and too little with a view to the repression of crime. lily. Bruce corrected some prevalent errors on this subject at the i n t erv i ew with a metropolitan deputa tion on Wednesday, but he has shewn how thoroughly he recognises the repressio n of crime as the great end for which the police force exists by appointing as its head a gentleman who has distinguished himself by his successful dealing with criminals. In the post which he now leaves h e gathered round him a most admirable staff, and all who know anything of the Convict Prisons Department know that it is singularly efficient. Yet in the five years during which he presided over it he has effected an animal saving of £BO,OOO in the cost of the food of the prisoners — who were never in better health than no-.v—in limiting gratuities, and by employing the prisoners in public works. We do not mention these circumstances for the sake of dwelling upon any value that may attach to Col. Henderson's special experience, but because they represent and attest a man of resource, of organising power, of skill in the choice of subdtdinates, an ardent lover of efficiency thoroughly able to secure it. It seems to us that such a man, whatever may have been his . previous e m pl oyment. is in the highest degree likely to infuse vigour into the police system.lo the metropolis, to give us security in ow homes and peace and order in our streets, at the least pos sible cost to the ratevayers.. The recent inundation of the salt mines of Wrelie,ska has attracteu some attention, and Mr. Grcig, who visited them some time since, has published a description of his experience under ground. His account is a very graphic one, the scene in the mine being a most singular one. The ground is pure salt, and the sight of galley after galley, each named after some illustrious personage, surprises the visitor. There are huge chambers of salt having an imposing character, and the solemnity of the whole is increased by the dead stillness and thick darkness. At every gleam of light from the torches or rockets borne by the visitors the, ground, ' the walls, and the columns of these chambers sparkle as if with myriads of jewels. One large hall where the rockets were thrown above and below seemed to have unmeasurable depth and height and width. From one of the galleries the visitor came to the borders of a large lake, which had to be crossed by a strange-looking ferry-boat. When nearly over this lake a pistol was dis charged, and the echoes reverberated like the most deafening thunder. It gave the visitor an un comfortable sensation when some time after he was walking at a greater depth, and was told by his guide he was just under the huge lake which he had crossed in the morning. One of the most wonderful things in the mine is the beautiful little chapel of salt. There is an altar, a crucifix of great size, and statues of the saints and kings of Poland. The miners all assemble to hear full mass in this chapel on the day of St. Am egunda, their patron saint. Another marvel is the ball room highly ornamented and illumined by a chandelier cut from pure salt crystal. The Emperor and Empress hold a Court ball here occa sionally, and do the honours of their underground palace in person. The mine is an exception to mines in general in:point of salubrity, no miner being ever known to have a weak chest, as the air is pure and warm. The excava tions are between 800 and 900 feet below the surface, and extend for some miles. MR. EDWARDS CALLED TO ACCOUNT. Mr. Edward Watkin Edwards, whose evidence before the Lord Mayor, at the Guildhall, in the matter of the . Overend, Gurney, and Co. prosecution has caused so much stir, is not to go on without having to explain his trans actions. It seems that the Commissioners in Bankruptcy, as soon as the matter came under their notice, put them selves in communication with the Lord Chancellor, and he gave orders that Mr. Edwards should be called upon in open court for an explanation. So, on Thursday, Mr. Commissioner Holroyd thus addressed the official assignee : " I have considered it to be my duty to require Mr. Edwards to attend me in open court this day with reference to a communication which I have received from the Lord Chancellor, in answer to a letter from me to his lordship on a matter of greatpublic moment, affecting the conduct of Mr. Edwards, an official assignee of this court, as represented by himself in his recent examination as a witness in the case of Over end, Gurney?, and Co., before the Lord Mayor and Sir T. Gabriel. In pursuance of the Lord Chancellor's request,l have to require Mr. Edwards to state whether or not the newspaper report of his examination as a witness in the proceedings which have lately been taken before the Lord Mayor and Sir T. Gabriel with reference to several members of the firm of Overend, Gurney, and Co. be sub stantially correct ; and, if so, how Mr. Edwards recon ciles his attendance at board meetings of the Atlantic Royal Mail Steam Company in the middle of the day, twice a week, and his services to the company of Overend, Gurney, and Co., at a salary of £5,000 a year, with the performance of his duties as an official assignee in bankruptcy. I have also to ask Mr. Edwards to explain on what account he received a further sum of £lO,OOO, and, further, to explain his letter of the 26th January, 1864, upon the subject of his connection with the then house of Overend, Gurney, and Co., and why he then represented his connection with Overend and Co. as an engagement in ' arbitrations, references, and negotia tions, which could not interfere with his official duties,' and did not then state his positive engagement at a salary of £5,000 a year for his services to that firm. A copy of the above requisitions, together with a copy of the corre spondence in 1864, and the printed copies from the Times of his alleged answers on examination as a witness as before mentioned, will he delivered to Mr. Edwards. If Mr. Edwards be not prepared at once to give his explanations and answers to the questions which the Lord Chancellor has desired to be propounded to him, I think he should be allowed a reasonable time for that purpose." Mr. Edwards read a statement asking for time. The case was adjourned till Monday week. ELECTION PETITIONS. Some grumbling is expressed at the decision of Mr. Baron Martin in the Warrington election case. The facts as proved, were, that an incompetent poll-clerk was ap pointed, that a large number of votes were tendered but not accepted. Mr. Baron Martin construed this into confusion arising from an incompetent poll-clerk. lle did not think such confusion would vitiate an election. It appeared that instead of giving their names as usual to the poll-clerk, the voters tendered cards. This was a mis take on the part of the voters. It would be a great in justice if all the votes which were duly recorded were to be set aside because one or two votes were not properly recorded. The case of bribery and intimidation was abandoned on the part of the petitioners because there was a recriminatory charge hanging over. The sitting member, Mr. Eylands, was then declared dul,• elected. At Westbury the respondent, Mr. Phipps, M.P., denied that any of the persons who had been guilty of intimida tion or bribery were his agents. The election had only cost him R 350, and no claim had been made on him for a further amount. Wallingford seemed to have been steeped in beer during the election. The witnesses who come up tell one long tale of beer and spirits at various public-houses. Some men who have been summoned seem to be keeping out of the way. LAW AND POLICE. - A SUBTERRANEAN DISASTER.—In the Exchequer Chain. ber an appeal was heard from a decision in the Court of Common Pleas. The Metropolitan Board of Works claimed £lB,OOO from the Metropolitan Railway Company for injury done to their works by the Underground Rail way, which had been constructed under the main sewer. The Court of Common Pleas gave judgment for the railway company, and the Exchequer Chamber confirmed the decision. THE DENDY WILL CASE.—The long-pending will case has been brought to a conclusion. On Thursday the trial of Mr. Harris for perjury was announced. It w ill be remem bered that the question at issue was whether a young lady named Alicia Jane Dendy, who died in the year 18GC, leaving a considerable amount of property,was competent to snake her will. The charge against Mr. Harris was founded on his having sworn at the Probate Court that she was so competent, After a good deal of evidence had been heard, the jury returned a verdict of not guilty, and Mr. Justice Hayes ordered that the prosecutor should pay Mr. Harris's costs. THE SILK MERCHANT'S CAsE.--Edwarcl Simpson, tor• rnerly a silk merchant in Cheapside, was charged, on remand, at the Mansion House, with obtaining goods worth .1-000 on credit within three months of his bankruptcy, with intent to defraud. Alderman Sir B. Phillips com mitted him for trial, accepting bail, himself in £l,OOO, and two sureties in £5OO each. The Bishop of London and the Lord Chancellor have been chosen as Governors of Charterhouse School, in the places of the late Lord Cranworth and the late Archbishop of Canterbury. THE NAVAL ESTIMATES. —We understand that Mr. Childers has appointed a civil coniroission consisting of Dr. Murchison, Mr. Holmes, and Mr. Robert Ellis, to visit and inspect the naval hospit a l s at Chatham Ply mouth, and Haslar, and to report upon their administra tive expenses. With a view to the inclusion of any result ing economies of salary in the current estimates, the inspections are to be made forthwith ; the main conclusions are to be transmitted to the First Lord within a fortnight. —British Medical Journal. A NEW FOG-BELL BUOY. A description i! going the rounds of a new fog-bell buoy which is being tried at Portsmouth. In the old buoy the striking of the bell is caused by the motion of the water giving the buoy sufficient oscillation to bring the single ordinary clapper with which the bell is fitted with force against the side of the bell in proportion to the disturbance of the water where it is moored. It always requires considerable motion of the water to strike its bell, and at times when there is fog and little or no motion of the water, the bell gives out no warning sound. The arrangement of the fog-bell and its clappers on the new Shewell buoy effectually disposes of this objectionable feature, a succession of rapid blows being kept up on the sides of the bell by the very slightest move ment of the water. This is effected by hanging a bell without a clapper close down on the table-face of the buoy, where four metal balls move in as many covered grooves, equi-distantly fixed round the outer circumference of the bell. There are thus four clappers in constant motion and striking against the bell, with the important advantage over a bell struck in the ordinary way, that the instant the blow has been struck the ball flies off from the side of the bell, and the latter gives a sound much more clear and diatiNtlagiA would Y h 9.1 d _l4ollod of itrikiag. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 5, 1869. METROPOLITAN GOSSlP—Thursday. If any progress has been made in matters political during the last few days, the world outside the Ministry knows nothing of it. The personal difficulties of the Ministry may now be considered at an end. It appears that there never was the smallest ground for contesting the validity of Mr. Forster's return at Bradford. The Marquis of Hartington is considered safe at Radnor, and when he is elected every member of the Government requiring a seat in Parliament will be provided with one. The political difficulties of the Ministry are what they were—great, as has always been admitted: as :the Liberal papers are carefully telling us ; that they are insuperable, as the Conservative papers tell us, remains to be proved. The idea has gained ground during the last few days that a section of the Cabinet is in favour of co-existent endow ments, as the easiest way of solving a troublesome problem. It is likely enough that the proposal has been discussed, and that arguments in support of it have been passed in review by the Cabinet. But that this course will not be adopted is certain. It would split up the Liberal party hopelessly; it would, in fact, be the very levelling up policy which Mr. Gladstone denounced in his reply to Lord Mayo last March. The Liberal journals this morn ing re-affirm Mr. Gladstone's old assertion, that no part of the Irish Church endowments shall go towards the Roman Catholic Church. As for the leading members of the Irish Church themselves, they are believed to be for compro mise; and the rumour thereof has caused no little disgust among English Conservative journalists. It must Ibe admitted that their case is rather hard. Having fought and sacrificed themselves for the Irish Church at the elections, having suffered utter rout because the nation determined that the Irish Church should be disestablished, they feel very sore that they should be left in the lurch by those in whose be half they have done and borne so much. Yet, no doubt Irish Churchmen have taken the most prudent course. Better make terms than fight another such losing battle as that of last November and December, especially with allies who are rather given to unconditional surrender when hard pushed. A letter, just received from an influential friend in India tells me of the alarm which prevailed in that country at the thought of having Mr. Bright as Secretary of State for India. My correspondent assumes that the right hon. member for Birmingham would have looked upon India 'solely as a co tt on -fi e ld , an d , k now i ng nothing about ! I the country, would have governed it after evolving it, in German fashion, out of his moral consciousness. All this is very amusing. Clearly it was not generally known in India that there is scarcely any Englishman living who is so well acquainted with that country as Mr. Bright is. He has studied it until he knows every road and river in it. After all, India might be turned to worse purposes than that of a cotton-field. To make it that would require irrigation works, new roads, new railways—in fact, just the very undertakings that India most wants, and which it is necessary that she should have, in order to prevent a repetition of the terrible famine of two years ago. Conservative journalism in London has been woefully unsuccessful. The Imperial Review " went out" with its patrons. The only journals of the party which have any life in them are the Standard as their daily, and the John Bull as their weekly organ. The latter paper especially has shewn itself well informed, and has frequently beaten all its contemporaries in the earliness of its religious and political news. Its conductors are now about to start a penny Conservative weekly paper, the Britannia, intended especially for the working classes. So far as the name goes this journal will be a revival. Many years ago there existed a Britannia which passed into the hands of the proprietors of the John Bull, who have since then published once a year a small sheet in order to retain the copyright of the first paper, just as the proprietors of the Daily Telegraph still publish the . Morning Chronicle. In its new form the Britannia will be so arranged that it may be converted into a local organ of Conservatism in any town, one or more pages being left unprinted in London for that purpose. There seems to be only too much reason to fear that the present Government will shortly have to make its first bishop. The Bishop of Salisbury is in a most perilous and distressing condition. There is little chance that the southern diocese will be presided over by another prelate of the school to which Dr. Hamilton belongs. The dislike of the Queen towards the High Church party has become so strong that High Churchmen have very little prospect of pro motion. I mentioned in a former letter that Dean Goodwin is tabooed. The Bishop of Oxford is also in the black list. He was recommended by Lord Palmer ston for York when that see last became vacant, but the Queen selected the then Bishop of Gloucester, who had written a pathetic and highly judicious sermon on the death of the Prince Consort. Recently, Bishop Wilberforce was strongly recommended for the see of London by Mr. I Disraeli, but, though the recomm en d a ti on was backed by the present Archbi s h o p o f C an t er b ury , i t was unavailing. It was only after urgent representations that the Royal i sanction was given to the appointment of Mr. Gregory to a canonry. Even when it was given St. Paul's was sub stituted for Westminster, since the Broad Church dean of the Abbey was not likely to pull well with the High Church vicar of St. Mary's, Lambeth. Since the present Government have been in office the same disfavour has been felt by another member of the High Church party. Mr. Gladstone has had no warmer sup porter at Oxford than Dr. Irons, the vicar of Brompton, and on the death of Canon Fortescue Dr. Irons was named for the vacant preferment. But the nomination was not ratified, and Mr. Mozley was substi tuted. It is scarcely too much to say that Dean Law, the " Nestor " of the Record, has as much influence in the appointment of Church dignitaries as the Prime Minister. I It was Dr. Law, then rector of Weston-super-Mare, who was consulted by Lord Shaftesbury during the time that this nobleman kept the conscience of Lord Palmerston. Curiously enough, it was to Dr. Law, now Dean of Gloucester, that the present Bishop of Gloucester owes his appointment. The selection of one Low Church bishop after another had at last caused such bitter complaints, even among persons by no means given to religious partisanship, that Lord Shaftesbury wrote to Dr. Law that Lord Palmerston would stand no more of these bishops, and that one of another school must be selected. Dr. Law named Dr. Ellicott, then Dean of Exeter, whose works he considered a guarantee against going far wrong. Dr. Ellicott, on receiving the appoint. ment, avowed himself a strong Conservative to Lord Palmerston, and asked him to withdraw his offer if he wished to do so. But the Premier refused to do so. It is to Dean Law that the present Bishop of Peterborough also owes his appointment, for Dr. Magee was known to Dr. Law only as the one -while Low Church preacher of a Bath proprietary chapel. As for the next new bishop, two names are mentioned— Canon Miller and the Hon. W. H. Lyttelton. Both are able men. Every one knows the first, and the part he has taken in regard to the Irish Church and the Ritual question. Mr. Lyttelton is known as a frequent writer on " broad " views in the Spectator and the Guardian. Dr. Miller, of course, is one of Mr. Gladstone's most influential constituents, as well as one of his warmest supporters at Oxford ; between Mr. Lyttelton and Mr. Gladstone there is a sort of family connection, the trother of the first having married the sister-in-law of the second. Still writing on these topics, I may add that the Queen takes as deep an interest in the Scotch Church as in the English. As a rule, English statesmen care little for the first ; they have not to reward supporters to the same extent north of the Tweed that they have in the south. Thus the Presbyterian appointments are even more strongly impressed with the Royal will than the Episcopalian. The number of Ritualist clergy likely to suffer martyrdom in behalf of altar-lights is not likely to be large. Mr. Bennett, of Frome, is, I believe, prepared for deprivation, or even imprisonment. Mr. Nugee, of Wymering, being a man of wealth, is prepared for endless litiga tion. Mr. Le Geyt, of Stoke Newington, will probably obey the judgment, for even his own churchwarden, the well-known Mr. Brett, urges upon him to do so. The others are for the most part waiting for the new Bishop of London to take action in the matter; that is, they throw upon him the disagreeable burden of enforcing an unpopular judgment —a course which seems to me neither just nor generous. I am told by Conservative friends that the petition against the members for North Norfolk is nearly certain to be sustained. There is no doubt that extensive treating did prevail, the county gentry insisting that there could be no harm in shewing hospitality to political supporters. The Hon. F. Walpole and Sir E. Lacon should pray to be tried by Justice Willes, who seems to be by far the most lenient of the three judges. As you are aware, the trial of the Gurneys will not take place until after term ; that is, not till June. Dr. Thom, I am told, was offered £2OO by the Government towards the expenses of the prosecution ; but he refused to take so pitiful an amount, which must be a mere fraction of what the trial will coat him from first to last. It will be a far more costly affair than the trial of Paul, S trahan, and Bates, and that cost the prosecutor, Dr. Griffiths, £1,200. It is really too bad that prosecutions like these, undertaken solely on the ground of public morality and involving the greatest anxiety, should devolve upon private persons. We have been talking about a public prosecutor for years ; but then in England it requires a generation for the most necessary changes to be made. The Manchester Chamber of Commerce have been discussing, among other matters, our consular representa tives. At present the inhabitants of Cottonopolis complain that men are chosen without any reference to their commer cial experience. This is absolutely true. The posts are conferred as rewards for political service. Au instance that occurred a few months ago was a very glaring case. A literary man, well known in two of the three capitals of the kingdom had fallen into evil habits, and it was deemed expedient by his friends that he should break off from old associates and leave the country. This was the more necessary as he was heavily in debt. He received his nomination while in a sponging house. But these nominations are conditional on passing a satisfactory probation of three months' training at the Foreign Office. The friends of the selected consul knew that he would have little chance of being confirmed if he had to undergo that ordeal, since his love for the cup which does not cheer but does inebriates would be sure to get him into trouble before he had been at Whitehall a week. What was to be done? The consul-designate was fully equal to the occasion. He went down and saw the noble lord who then presided at the Foreign Office, and said, " I think you will admit, my lord, that a Quarterly reviewer can hardly be expected to submit to an examination. If your lordship wishes to ask any ques tions about arithmetic, I shall be very happy to send my little boy." My lord was quite satisfied with this proposal, the consul designate became consul actual, and is now in a land where his love for the truth-inspiring liquid may be gratified at a small cost. What becomes of " secret service money"? Of course no one is likely to answer that question, because to do so would defeat the very object for which the money was granted. Still, I should like to know why, when the sum usually allotted for that purpose is £lO,OOO a, year it was last year £28,000. Times are still very bad in the City, though there is a slight upward tendency. Among other trades severely affected is the building trade, and I am told that there are many firms which are struggling with difficulty to keep afloat. One eminent firm engaged in very large works at the West-end has lately failed ; and there is always a tendency to follow suit. We are, it seems, to have a centenary of Scott in 1871. Meanwhile, every one, both in England and France, seems to forget that 1869 is the hundredth anniversary of the birth of Wellington and Napoleon. But arena cedant stylo ; the sword has given place to the pen—writers to warriors, thank heaven. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. ItECALCMIANT GUARDIANS. The Holborn guardians, undeterred by Mr. Goschen's letter informing them that it was for them to obey, not discuss, the law, are still determined upon resistance; still resolved that they will not join themselves to a district for the purpose of building a pauper asylum. The Shoreditch guardians have strengthened them in this determination by expres sions of sympathy. Al meeting of the Holborn board has just been held to consider the best way of fighting the central board. Reporters were carefully excluded. There are some men who love darkness rather than light, for a very sufficient cause. A STRIKE IN THE COTTON TRADE. A strike has taken place at Bolton among the "preparing" h an d s a t a flax-spinning mill. An employer gave notice on Saturday of a reduction of ed. per week in their wages. They worked on Monday, but on Tuesday morning quitted the pre mises. By this movement the concern is stopped wholly, and 400 hands unemployed. Surely the present depressed condition of the trade is hardly the time for a strike. THE YEAR OF HEAT. Mr. Glaisher's meteorological returns for 1868 shew that the temperature was above the average ten months out of the twelve—hi July as much as 6.1 deg.; in December, 6.9 ; and for the ten m on th s , 4 deg. I n O c t o b er th e temperature was 1.8 and in November 0 . 9 below the average. The mean for the year would therefore be a fraction over 3 deg. above the average of fifty years, and this mean figure was 51.55. The lowest temperature recorded at Greenwich was 22.8, early in January, and the highest 96.6, on July 22, the highest reading ever registered. SIR WALTER SCOTT. Ardent admirers of Sir Walter Scott are lamenting the neglect with which he is treated by this generation. Among others the Prime Minister has added his voice to the general lamentation. There is a great deal of exaggeration, however, in what has been said about the dusty cover of the Border poet, and a great deal of truth. In this cynical age the romantic tone of the " schoolboy's poet " is hardly likely to be the one most in favour • and the author of " Don Juan," with all hi s faultsAakes precedence of the author of " INlarmion." But the latter is not alto gether forgotten, as some would have us believe. His novels are still read very widely, if his poetry is somewhat neglected, and there will be many to take up enthusiastically the proposal for celebrating in August 1871 the centenary. Our experience in the Shakspere case makes us rather shy of such festivals. But they manage these things better in Scotland—witness the case of Burns— and are hardly likely to quarrel as they of Stratford-on-Avon did. IRISH NOTES. The court-houses of Ireland are not regarded with the reverence with which we look upon " the place where our judges sit." But the idea of a member of the bar refreshing the tired energies of jury, counsel, and public by reading his election address while the judge is at luncheon strikes us ns rather novel. This was done by Mr. Barnes in the Dublin Court house while the petition as to Sir Arthur Guinness was being heard. " With elocutionary powers peculiarly his own," says a Dublin cor respondent, "he declared the course of action he meant to pursue if returned to Par liament. Among other measures which he intended to propose for the benefit of the country was the arraignment of the Attorney-General for prosecuting the Fenians, and the unconditional liberation of the prisoners, not on the ground of expiation of the offence or of clemency, but because they were innocent of the crime laid to their charge. The laughter and applause which this harangue produced probably startled t'ie learned judge, who, suddenly appearing on the bench some minutes before the appointed time, cut short the oration by calling out in stentorian tones for the sheriff. Mr. Barnes, on perceiving his lordship, made a rapid exit, andi the police and sheriff were severely reprimanded for allowing the disturbance. The learned judge then went back finish his sherry and sandwiches:, _ -- The appeal.against the decision of the court in the case of Augustine Costello has gone in favour of the Crown. So that amiable Fenian will have to serve out his term of imprisonment. THE BEFOHM LEAGUE. The Reform League does not intend to cease to exist as yet. Indeed, it never thought if such a thing. The resolution was only a blind, after all. Its terms will, perhaps, be remembered That while this committee still holds manhood suffrage to be the proper basis for the franchise, the organisation will terminate when certain other things short of manhood suffrage have been obtained. Or, in other words, It is no good agitating for manhood suffrage any longer. Nobody listens to us, or cares for what we are doing, but if we change our foundation and " go in" for moderation, we may still maintain a position. The leading men of the League, however, were very much opposed to the basis of the organisation being changed, and the resolution was shelved by the passing of " the pre vious question." EDUCATION. Public opinion on education is being matured, and we are likely soon to know the opinion of Parlia ment on the matter. It is announced that Mr. Melly, M.P. for Stoke, will, as soon as Parliament re-assembles, call the attention of the House of Commons "to the numbers of children in our large towns who are growing up without any education, unaffected either by the educational clauses of the Factories Act or by voluntary efforts, and to move for a select committee to inquire, and, if possible, to suggest a remedy for this serious state of matters." It was Mr. Bruce who, while in office, brought in and tried to pass a bill on education, lie is hardly likely to neglect the subject now. Mr. Lowe's former official life was spent in the educational department, and there are several other enthusiastic education reformers in the Government. Education will scarcely be negle c t e d in the Reformed Parliament. THE DERBY AND THE UNIVERSITY BOAT RACE. Uncertainty is the spirit of sport—at least of the sport" which England loves to patronise. And uncertainty has marked the two public sport days of the year. Nobody has known whether either the Derby or the Oxford and Cambridge boat race would take place. It is simultaneously announced that they will both " come off " in due time. Cambridge has not shown the white feather, but has sent the challenge to the sister university, which is necessary for the friendly contention between the two shades of blue. The difficulty in "the Derby" matter hasbeen settled. And so two of the most important events of the sporting year, as far as the public are concerned, will take place. It is worth while, perhaps, to com pare the two. In the one case there is no money concerned, betting is very " mild," and the crowd which assembles on the shores of the Thames and swarm s on th e b r id ges un d er w hi c h th e b oats pass consists of those who come to see the race for its own sake ; and they go home to breakfast after their wish has been gratified. In the other case, excite ment, dissip a ti on, hi gh bett i ng, b ar d d r i n ki ng, and ruin rule the hour by turns. THE JUDICIAL COMMITTEE. This much-abused tribunal is a much more influen tial body than its accusers suppose. It includes the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lord Chancellor, the Archbishop o f Y or k , the past Chancellors of Great Rritaium-a_viz.. Lads St.__ Leoura2.- Qiglauttal estbury, Etna Uairns—tne Lora Ulna Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench, the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, the Lords Justices of Appeal in Chancery (we believe), the Master of the Rolls, the Judge of the Arches Court of Canterbury, the Judge of the Admiralty Court, besides Sir W. Erle, Sir J. T. Coleridge, and other retired judges being Privy Councillors. Clearly, there are here the materials of a very strong tribunal. It may be true that it was by accilent, as Lord Brougham declared, that this tribunal became the Court of Appeal in matters ecclesiastical. Yet, surely it is a better tribunal than the old High Court of Delegates, which was always specially commissioned for each case, and might therefore be packed to any extent. It was a free and easy court, moreover. It used to dine first, and when the cloth was removed used to decide ques tions of doctrine over the wine and the walnuts. TIIE EASTERN CHURCH, It is stated that there is really some probability of a corporate union being established between the Eastern and the Anglican Churches. The matter is now being seriously • discussed in Russia. Should the Eastern Church consent to union, no doubt it will not be without conditions. One of these all lay men and nine-tenths of the clergy will certainly rejoice at—the discontinuance of the Athanasian Creed, for that creed implicitly consigns to everlast ing perdition every member of the Eastern Church. Another result of such reunion would be in all pro bability the hastening of the separation of the English Church from the State. At present many members of the High Church party dread separa tion, because, were they to secede, they would be isolated from the rest of Christendom. If they could feel that they were one body with the Eastern Church, they would no longer dread secession on the part of a section, or the disestablishment of tho whole English Church. F °AXIOM NOTES. 'lmaY AND 1-I;3ECE. inrormanon from different quarters points to the conclu kion that King George will have his way in Greece. From Paris comes intelligence that Greece will accept the declaration of the Conference ; from Athens comes the decisive fact that the Greek Ministi7 has resigned. Its councils have been in favour of aggression. They have been rejected, and the resignation is therefore a pacific symp. tom. As the Times remarks, the retirement of the Ministry is in every way the most satisfactory solution of the difficulty that could have been devised, and if it illus. trates the unsteadiness, it shews also the power of adjustment in a constitutional form of govern ment. The policy of Greece may thus be reversed without any inconvenient acts of self-condemnation on the part of the persons in power. The plans of Bulgaria have proved impracticable, and he need allege nothing further as an excuse for withdrawing from them. Other persons may be called to power who may profess with good grace a new policy and a new system of administration. No doubt King George has had good advice from many quarters, but his resolution in the face of a bellicose Cabinet and an excited country is in every respect credi table to him. At the same time there is good reason to believe that the issue would have been different had not Turkey proved successful on land and sea. The blocking up of the Enosis and the surrender of Petropoulaki have been followed by a still more complete collapse. The three remaining chiefs of the Cretan insurgents wrote to the French Consul on the 14th to offer their submission on reasonable terms. On the 20th two of them signed a capitulation similar to that accepted by Petro poulaki. The third was not disposed to admit these terms, but he offered to embark and leave Crete for ever. This was granted him. At last, then, we may conclude that the Cretan insurrection is at an end. So complete is the triumph of the Porte that it has offered to abandon all proceedings against the blockade-runner Enosis, if Greece accept the declaration. It is not the Conference that has secured temporary peace : Greece has been beaten in the field. The Patrie tells a curious story, to the effect that at a Cabinet Council held at Athens it was proposed to submit the question of whether the declaration should be accepted to a decision by universal suffrage. One Minister, pacifically disposed, said that such a test would prove that the hulk of the people in the country were opposed to a war. The extreme party existed only in th e towns. The Liberty has received news from Asia contradicting the report of a rupture between Persia and Turkey. SPAIN. The conversion of the Provisional Ministry into a trium virate is dangerous because of the tendency of such forms of government to relapse into a despotism or to establish a military regime. At the present conjuncture, however, there is I' reasonable probability that the measure may prove beneficial. All the leading parties are fairly represented. Serrano is the head of the Liberal Unionists—that is, of the least Liberal party ; Prim repre sents the Progressists, whose policy is more advanced ; and Rivero is a Democrat—a party not identical with the Re publicans, but closely allied to them. The Republicans, besides, welcome the directory as at least better than a king. Lastly, the triumvirate is likely to effectually thwart the reactionists, who are preparing for a united attack upon the cause of reform. AMERICA. The New York journals publish the full text of the treaty between England and the United States. Its pro visions are identical with those given some time ago in these columns, and, except that the phraseology might be improved, the document contains nothing noteworthy. The Times correspondent says that there will be no difficulty in the Senate respecting the San Juan and the naturalisa tion treaties, but that affecting the Alabama claims will meet with some opposition. Virginia is beginning to look more favourably upon recon struction. The Virginians at first rejected it with contempt, and resolved to re-enter the Union without any conditions after having themselves abolished slavery. But they are now, says the correspondent of the Daily News, getting tired of waiting for the downfall of the Radicals and the accession of the Democratic party to power. The event is more than ever remote. The Reconstruction Act may be " null and void," but, there being no chance of its repeal, it might clearly just as well be of full force and effect. "So they have come to the conclusion that they had better meet the Radicals half way, and propose something by way of compromise. A deputation, made up of some of the leading politicians, is accordingly now in Washington, seeking to effect an arrangement by which the State may be brought back into the Union, with negro suffrage, but without the common school system." They appear to hope that the ignorance of the voters may in some respects make up for the exten sion of the suffrage. The writer, however, does not expect much from their labours—they are so notorious as obstruc tionists ; but this attempt at compromise shews that the party is beginning to give up the old game, and that the hand of time is already blotting out the evil results of the civil war. The South is rapidly recovering. Although the Senate passed the Copper Tariff Bill, thus taking another step in the direction opposed to free trade, yet the measure was subjected to some rude assaults from some of the ablest members of the House. The argument for the bill was that the copper interest of the Lake Superior region was languishing, and indeedmust perish unless it received protection. But Senator Ferry held that this cry had been raised on two or three occasions within a few years, and yet the copper production of the Lake Superior district had increased. The companies had been working with a large nominal, but very little paid-up capital ; had involved themselves in mining stock speculation, and, in stead of extricating themselves, applied to the Govern ment. Another senator said that to single out one inte rest and legislate specially for it, was a blunder which had already produced evil results, and yet Congress was about to repeat it. None of the speakers, in fact, defended the bill, except on the ground that it would help the dis trict in Question. It is unaerstooei tnat tne negotiations Der - WM laic United States and Colombia for the right of constructing the Darien ship canal have failed. CUBA. Besides the insurrection in the interior of the island, an outbreak has just occurred in Havannah itself. General Dulce telegraphed that the rising was so insignificant as not to deserve mention, but private telegrams attach some importance to it. Considering that the great revolt still flourishes, it is at all events a bad symptom. The insurgent army is given as at least 10,000 strong. STEEPLECHASE FIXTURES. FEBRUARY Chippenham 10, 11 I Pontefract 18, 19 Streatham 1 1 , 12 Boston Newbridge 15 Windsor 22, 23 I Lincoln l 4, 17 St. Albans 23, 21 Morton-in-Marsh lB Derby .. 25 D I Darrow lB, 19 Baschurch 2G M AItC IT. Liverpool 3 Shrewsbury .... 5, 6 Mallon Rugby (Grand Mil.) 8, 9 Kingsbury 19, 13 -_ West Somerset 15, 16 York 17 Crowkerne lB, 19 Chepstow 29, 30 Aldershot 1, 2 Bromley 1, .) Abergavenny . 1, 2 Lichfield ..6, 7 Southdown Hunt —7 Cambridge ... 7, 8 Cheltenham 7, 8 TL. ' I Streatham B, 9 Royal Artily., Woolwich...B Knighton I Ludlow l5, 16 Tonbury... 2l Croydon 22, 23 Co. Louth & Ardeo 27, 28 'AY. Limerick Hunt 4 Eglinton Hunt 6, 7'l ISt. Albans .. ...... 13 West Drayt0n......... ....... 17 ILY. Kingsbury 9 AUGUST. St. Albansminummummtimmitommimirmittiommol7 BRITISH EMIGRATION TO AMERICA. TEXAS.—No. V. (From the Anglo-American Times.) The " Lone-Star" State derives the name from the flag it flew during the brief interval of its in dependence after it separated from Mexico and before it entered the Union in 1846. A quarter of a century prior to this the Government of Mexico endeavoured by great inducements to people Texas, and a flow of immigration from the United States was one consequence. Another, and a very speedy one, was the loss of the province to Mexico, for it was not in the nature of the Anglo-Saxon people in America to remain as a considerable community under Mexican rule, and the feebler race met the fate which invariably follows the invitation to a superior race to settle in large numbers in the land. The area is estimated at 268,684 square miles (four times the size of Great Britain) with a million of in habitants. The form of the State has been likened to a pyramid with the apex to the South, but the ccuracy of this notion has not particularly struck us. Brownville, the town which crowns this apex, is touched by the 26th degree of N. lit., while the northerinost point, a square block, cuts into the Indian territory on its western boundary to about 36 deg. 30 sec., where Sheridan is operating agaicst the Indian tribes on the Canadian Fork, an enor mous distance, running from almost tropical heat into a cold, where everything is frozen, and men quickly perish in the wildswho lose their way. On one side of the apex is the Gulf of Mexico, on the other the Rio Grande, the river dividing the United States on this side from Mexico. An angle of the territory of New Mexico cuts in at the western end of Texas, and the boundary runs along the 26th deg. of long. west of Washington, which corresponds to the 103 d deg. of Western long. from Greenwich up to the Indian territory, where the Texan northern fron tier is the Red river. A corner of the State of Arkansas then comes in, and the remainder of its eastern boundary runs along Louisiana. Physi cally this vast tract may be divided into three secs tions ; and we have seen no better, though more nume rous divisions, than those of Bacon's Handbook,. (1.) "The level, which occupies the entire coast, extend ing from 30 to 60 miles into the interior. (2.) The undulating, embracing the whole interior and north, reaching westward to the mountain tract, and con sisting of high rolling, verdant prairies, narrow, wooded bottoms, and beautiful islands of timber. (3.) The mountainous, with table-lands well watered and fertile." The southern, or the open portion, is adapted for stock raising, though thinly peopled. Advancing north, a flat, open, well-grassed prairie is passed. On reaching Austin City, centrally situ ated, the celebrated wheat district is around. To the north-west is the favourite winter residence of the Indians, a country but little known. The north-east has many advantages, though it wants communica tion ; while on the coast, in the level, lies the cot ton district of the State, but as a rule, too hot for emigrants. Texas is rich almost to a fabulous degree in productions, its citizens asserting that every known plant thrives there luxuriantly. If we ac cepted this we might simply say that it will grow " any mortal thing." It is, however, certain that the cotton of the coast equals the famous Sea Is land ; that sugar grows well ; two crops of Indian corn are the produce of a year in some sections ; in wheat the State has few superiors, not only in the quantity, but in the quality of the yield, as it rarely falls under 651bs to the bushel, the standard being 601bs, while much of it reaches 701bs and some 741bs The best wheat region extends from the 32d deg. to the 34th deg. north lat., and from 96th to 99th west long. The soil of this section, everywhere known as " the wheat region," is of a rich black prairie loam resting on a strata of limestone. It varies in colour, assuming in places a bright copper complexion, but its capacity to resist drought being in proportion to its blackness, the prairie is more productive than the timbered or the rolling lands. Those who best know Texas describe the country from Red River to Brazos, and from Kauffman county to Belknap as unequalled as a tract of rich grain-growing land, with a genial climate. The grape, mulberry, and vanilla are indigenous; fruit and flowers abound, and Cayenne pepper is largely pre pared. In the order of value the productions may be thus classified : Cotton, corn, sheep and wool, hides, tallow, beef and cattle, sugar and molasses, and castor oil. Horse and mule breeding once flourished, but the war greatly injured the trade. Hay is prepared in large quantities, as well as ground peas, while cabbages, onions, garlic, hops, and flax grow well. Middle Texas is famous for its cattle, and the Southern armies derived a large por tion of their sustenance during the war from these prairies. The number of cattle driven now into the Northern States is immense, and with these droves originated the disease which so lately ter rified the farmers of the Union. Vast herds of buffaloes and wild horses graze there as well ; deer, bears, and wolves are numerous ; all the game birds and animals of America also abound and furnish a living to many hunters. The wild horses, known as mustangs, are captured with the lasso. The silver mine of Said Saled, one of the richest, once afforded a considerable revenue to Spain. Gold is also found ; iron is generally spread over the country ; lead, copper, alum, in several parts, and bituminous coal on the Trinity and Upper Brazes. Salt is plentiful, and constitutes a large trade from the famous Salt Lake, near the Rio Grande, and the salt springs and lagoons near the Trinity, where soda and potash are taken, as well as in a branch of the Brazos. Lime underlies all the undulating and northern sections ; asphaltum is on the coast; agate, chalcedony, jasper, and some sin gular petrifactions are found near the mountains, whole forests, entirely petrified, standing on the Trinity and Brazos rivers. Red and white freestone are found everywhere. At Austin there is a white stone similar to that of Paris, soft, till exposure to the atmosphere makes it as hard as granite. The climate is equable, being singularly free from ex tremes, though it differs considerably over a terri tory so extensive. On the coast the summer is hot, though tempered by refreshing breezes from the Gulf. Generally, in the interior, it is cool, and on the whole salubrious, not unlike that of Italy. Although the winters are delightful, the most dis agreeable feature is to be found during the months of January, February, and March, for it is then the " northers" take place common to all the Prairie States west of the Mississippi. They last from one to three days, and occur two or three times in each of these months. Then the temperature falls from the range it averages from 56 to 70deg. down to 32 deg., and was once known to descend to 9 deg. at sun rise, rising to 42 deg. at mid-day. Galveston, the port town at which the emigrant arrives, is con nected with the interior for some distance by rail. It contains 25,000 inhabitants, GOO business firms, seven lines of steamboats, five of sailing ships, two banks, two insurance companies, and three cotton press companies. The town stands on an island, the bay being crossed by a bridge two miles long, over which runs the railroad to Houston, the head of steamboat navigation on Buffalo Bayou, and the principal railway centre of the State. Steamers are constantly plying between these cities, and up the Trinity river, the Brazos, Sabine :Pass, Calcasible, and other points. There are three lines to New Orleans and three to New York, and the Pioneer line has lately been established to Liverpool for the monthly despatch of very flue steamers, the agents being Messrs. Patton, Vickers, and Co., 25, Water-street, Liverpool, and Messrs. John Patton, jun., and Co.,22,,,Leaden hall-street, London. These gentlemen have just received a Cable des patch from Galveston announcing that the Legisla ture of Texas now sitting - at Austin had made a grant to the Pioneer Line of 500,000 acres from that portion of the public land reserved to lhe State on its admission into the Union. The object is to encou rage emigration from England, and to aid the Steampacket Company who have established an en terprise of such vast importance to the State. Nor does the Legislature confine itself to so liberal a gift, but it adds collateral benefits for encouraging and as sisting emigration. We have said enough to show that there is no finer field for emigration than " the wheat region" of Texas, regarded from a purely material point of view, nor have we exhausted its advantages in what we have stated. Texas is washed-by a gulf of the Atlantic, and emigrants may depend on this fact, that there is no highway or communication equal to the sea. It is true, as we intend hereafter to show, that such a State as California has a greater future, though it may not be so well adapted as a field for the emigration of poor families, the reason being the same which tells so severely against Australia and New Zealand, " too far off." Yet it skirts the ocean—bat the Pacific, 110 t the Atlantic; therefore while it presents the finest outlet for the Japanese and the Chinese labourers, it cannot be reached by the British emigrant with small means ; and if it could they would but come into competition with the cheape r labour of these races. A story lately went the rounds of the papers telling of the work of a colony of German emigrants who, twenty-thre e years ago, settled at West Braumfels, Texas. Th at colony now owns 900 square miles of fertile land i n a high state of cultivation, and boasts of a flourishiog town and county seat of 4,000 inhabitants, rapidly becoming a city important in trade and imposing '° appearance. Thos3 born and reared there would regard with surprise the indigent families left hop e " lessly toiling in Germany, content to remain in suc h a condition. We have said enough to give a gen e : ral idea of this immense State, which members 01 Congress have lately proposed to split into three; but we cannot conclude without remarking on the condition of society, th e l aw, and the way in w hich it is executed. Texas was born into the Union as 3 State, in violence and disorder, and politically it has continued so to the present time. Mr. Reverdy Johnson, iu response to the agents e the Pioneer line, d en i e d th e assert i on of the Doi l y News that Texas was a land of lawlessness a n murder, he meant the ordinary crime of murder that is robbery with violence, ending in death' °r death premeditated to secure a gain or to gra tif l revenge. Such crimes are certainly no more coin' mon in Texas than elsewhere; but the case is very different regarded from its political aspect. N one of the Southern States have been since the war fr ee from an atrocious system of political assassinatio n ' and among the worst is Texas. It was the last to lel , down its arms, itmay b e th e l as t t o surrender t h e right of shooting a man for holding Northern principles' This Admiral Semmes in his book just publish; alludes to in a playf u l way as th e h a bi t o f a POP whose heart is in the right place, but are too fo il of resorting to the pistol and the bowie knife. 131 the way he says this State will shorllv be an jad e ' pendent Republic, with ten millions of inhabitants' An emigrant takes no interest in these party goes' tions, and, therefore, i s no t mo l es t e d b y t h e Tee an desires to see his St a t e fl our i s h , b ut not throng ,, ; the medium of the hated Y an k ee . Th e Bill o f Right s contains all the essential principles of liberty 313 free Government, i n f ac t it em b od i es al l t h e mos t a enlightened law in th e wor ld. Th e G overnm ent a constitutional Rep u bli c , as i s th at o f t h e itea d States, vested in an E xecu ti ve , a L eg i s l a tive, an d judicial bran c h es , a ll pu bli c off i cers being elec ted , _ s the free suffrages of the people. The State, 10W , 0 ever, not having as ye t b een reconstructe d on the Acts of Congress, i s a t present under t h e rule o,f a military commander, whose power the Fede r; Legislature has lately stre ng th ene d t o suc h a degr ee that he can remove an d fill up civil vacanc ie l ; That Commander is at thi s momen t i n `Wese r ington, giving evid ence as t o th e best mantle of adding to the scu r ity o f lif e i n th e State. 3 this is a subject of no gr ea t momen t t o t h e em igran t, c 0 who may rely upon the f ac t th a t T exas su ff e rs fro m too much, not too littl e , lib er t y . E very citizen h a s the right by law to keep and bear arms in the le vr ' ° ful defence of himself an d t h e S tate. N o Persilll shall be imprisoned fo r d e bt , an d all prisoners shetal be bailable by sufficient sureti es , unless for cap' offences when the proof is evident. Indeed the lag would be something delightful if each Texan wo ol only cease from being a law unto himself—ju d g e ' jury, and executioner—and to hold mere opini ons opposed opposed to the majority, t o b e th e worst of capital crimes. Foreign Mail Packet List. MAILS DUE. Australia and New Zealand, via Southa m pt on Feb 2 , / ' Ditto, via Ylreeilla Feb "." Ditto, via PLLama Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and M on t e Vid eo mar. 1 ' 4' Ditto, by French pack e t gar , 22. . Feb. Cape Verde, by Br az il packet ..•... Cape of Good [l u p e . Ascension. anti St. Helena • -- . cb' ° l 3. China, Penang, a n d Si ngapore, via Southampton • • Ftb. 6 i. , Gibraltar, via South ampton Feb India, via Southampton unto, via MarseillesMarseillesFeb' 8 ; FJ . Malta, Egypt, &a.e Ditto, Mars e ill es Fb. 'l,•' w , Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via Southami ton Ditto, M Feb• Ill. arseilles „ F , b Portugal ~ Newfoundland,,,,. . .. . ... gar. " ..... United States, ( anada, California, Sto., by British packet ~,Feb 6 Ditto, by Canadian paoket .. - Feb 3 Ditto, by l. nit e d St ates paoket Ditto ditto (Baltimore) West Coast of Af r i ca, M a d e i ra, and Teneriffe . . •• •" •- reb.l6' West Indies and Pacific (except Mexico and Baha- fi mas) ...... Feb 7. Falkland I - __gar _elands _gar. Cuba and Mexico ..... ••• • • 10. . Feb' Bermuda, • via Halifax. Feb. Bahamas, via New York ta The Fifth Avenue Hotel p a y s th e highest r m - i st. The of any h o t e l i n N ew Y or k -696,640 a year. Nicholas comes next, paying 896,200. Yeddo, Japan, has a hotel furnished throti o.l3o o with black walnut furniture made in Sun Francise°' L A DTERTISEMENT.I—HoIIoway's Ointment and Though our changeable climate constantly causes disease s to rof ing t'aeir origin in wet and cold, y e t th ere i s no quest'on that rheumatism, newalgia, and soda like painful maladies' s p' been more rife this season than for some years past. Th e t ot° ber of testimonials of cures of these and their lendred c0n31%01 effected by Holloway's remedies is unprecedented, an d s coa l ' be enroreed on the attention of all sufferers f om thesoooB plains. The parts in pain should be fomented for some fai th e with warm brine, dried, and im me di a t e l y we ll ru bbed W o „ . . lth 0 00 0 ointment. It will pass into the pores of the s kin, throu ,u 0 0t channels reach underlying structures, and give the g` relief. wat [ADVERTISEMENT.] — Dyspepsia (Indigestion), t ph, - ° a Debility, Consumption, and a ll nervous, bili ous, stonit, c ee4 liver complaints iu every stage, are only aggravated an d t' rated by drugs of every description, but perfectly curableced Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Food, as P r° och thousands of cases which had been considered hopeless , 5 ' ,jot c , : —cough. asthma, also diarrhoea , h aemorr h o id s, liver COU'dfnlitli flatulency, nervousness, biliou sness, f evers, sore t h ro ats, ria, catarrhs, colds, influenza, noises in the head and ea r matism, gout, impurities, eruptions, hysteria, neuralgi a adscli; bility, sleeplessness, acidity, palpitation, heartburn, ll e ,, T eti 1 , 0 debility, dropsy, cramps, spasms, nausea, and sickness, ..,ttoe.o pregnancy or at sea, sinking,' fits, bronchitis, scrofula , ti 3O of the chest, pains at the pit of the stomach and betWe re d Dr a shoulders, &c. We quote a few :—The Pope's health res a t 6 ° 6 „..Sl i d Du Barry's Food. Cure No. 68,413—" Home, July 12, ic t and ° ,,q; health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, s to v ing all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely „ plan Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consumes ` - n ,ftcl s , ful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly be „, - ,el l lo effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this food too highly.—From the "Gazette du Midi," July 2t r oler, No. 46,270 -Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant. ef, ' o ,l,liC e o Surrey, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of bi ° ol so, derangement, and partial deafness. Cure No. 1, do Decies, Lord-Lieut. of Waterford, of many. years' dY s !.;psw o, No. 49,832—" Fifty years' indescribable agony from dY,astt i o. , nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulenC3_Vutiott.,o sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly." Important Beware of the many unsavoury and more than sloppY De" to which, without authority, Baron Liebig's name is s ciously attached. 12 1 b 9+ • In tins, at Is. 1141. ; 1 lb. 2s. 9d. ; 2 lbs. 4s. 6cl. ; 5 lbs, 115''clw 225. ; 24 lbs., 40s.—Also Du BARRY'S REYALENTA for LATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters; for 12 cups at ^ 6 card cups at Is. 01, for 48 cups at 6s.•for 288 cups at 305., for 0 6 ' 5s tip; at 55s.—being about one penny' per cup. The 105. and s t 0 0 ; 771—Lorreol; are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of . 49 ‘ , t , Order, —BARRY DU BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-strev don; and all Grocers and Chemists. Births. o rs CAPPER—On the 3d inst., at Westbourne-park, l33 Y s/1 Airs. T. Capp er , o f a son. ge pt7 CANHAM— On the 2d inst., at Sudbury, the wife of C. Canham, of a son. f ‘ SHEPHERD—On the Ed inst., at Oundle, the wif e °- Shepherd, of a son. • Marriages. i,10 4 BOWEN—QUELCH—On the 4th inst., Henry Boy re ° ' bie r of 51, New Bond-street, to Elizabeth, second Ca nlbe of Thomas Quelch, .Esq of Albany-road , well. lari" viaben°l,l,stlla JESSON—DE CAEN—On the 4th inst., at Maryle.- - , c , I%st° o l ;church, Thomas Jesson, Esq., Eoyal ArtillerY , ➢larguerite, oldest daughter of John Do Caen , Waverly Villa, Jersey. 0 WO' 1'133 Deaths. CARLETON —On the 3d inst., at Brighton, t-•- Si r ' Rev. IL Carleton, aged 77. a F. JESTON —On the 3d inst., at Malmesbury, AM..° Jeston, age 9. 0 1, KEELEY—On the 3 d d i 6 nst , at 10, Pelham-Crescent, I; Keeley, Esq., aged 73.. h ' c 3irg. IlltintEL—On the 2d inst., at, Ely, Cambridg eir Elizabeth Muriel, age d 96. 9 1 1 1 STONE - On the 3d inst., a t S evenoa ks, John 5 013° ' ' Commander R.N., a ge d 69. Co ts YONG E—On the 2d inst., at The Terrace, St . IVe " ,i. wall, Walter Yonge, Esq., aged 22.. . , S O London : Printed and P a bli s hod by WILLIA .,,,f , - AND No - 1 1 r of No. 112, Stra n d, P r i n t er, at THE SUN Oin g oti - Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in " Ilictilleaex,--Friday, February 5, 180. 4. I The , ession Zveekinet , ostabli This llised id it ,ad y Carolii 4 _ Alf . ' ll Or Sub; reas, , er go , % Offi ce ta t o, la ne B EALTE b in a i Th end t be to, Ti Th Fire Th e ll enu val ue re nde le ave thirty I for OR