The Sun. — London, England, 1869-03-12 00:00:00

EFIRf3I OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS, The Times, in supporting very strongly the University Teats Bill, observes that it must be too evident to the most strenuous friends of the Church of England that ri choice has to be made between a definite faith and a com prehension upon less definite principles. We can no longer impose upon others all we may believe ourselves. If the universities are really to reflect the spirit of the age and to be adapted to actual circumstances, they must be open to all, entirely open ; and the colleges, we must say, must at least be allowed to do what they please in the matter. But is it wise, in the present universal conflict of opinions and creeds and no creeds, to impose, as the condition of office and emoluments, declarations and subscriptions which, in a large and increasing number of instances are only made to be explained away ? We believe that near a moiety of the Fellows are now non resident laymen reading for the bar or other secular professions. If they have subscribed the articles, in what sense do they adhere to their subscriptions ? Sorry, indeed, should we be to drive them to more explicit declarations than those they have made. Much rather would we leave them free to avow, without scandal and without loss, what is the real significance and the sum of their religious convictions. As it is, are they less enemies of the faith, less able to do mischief, and less disposed to do it, because they are compelled to go throngs a routine of formal subscription ? The bitterness with which orthodoxy and establishments are assailed in new and still newer quarters is that of men recoiling from a yoke and resenting the lash they are compelled to endure. Since they cannot resist effectually, they will take it out in remonstrance; or, if need be, in quieter and more sinuous opposition. Yet there are men of great intellect and honourable feel ings who - give the countenance of their example to a corn. promise in itself indefensible. There ought not to be the temptation or the opportunity. It is a stumbling-block in the way of religious sincerity. If the dogmatic truth is to be taught, and if it is to be made a motive and a rule of life, it is not by these methods. The faith of the Church of England does not require it. It is, we presume; the faith of that Apostle to the Gentiles who main, tained it on Mars' Hill against Epicureans and Stoics - who maintained it for a year and a half against all other creeds and philosophies at Corinth, and for two years, " disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus," at Ephesus. This he did in the free arena of opinion, hold ing his ground against all comers, faring well with the inquirers and philosophers, and only persecuted by Pagan and Jewish zealots. Everybody, we cannot help thinking, will fight best, think best, and live best under true colours. Leave a man to avow peculiar heterodox opinions if he pleases, without ruin to his prospects and estate. At all events, he can then be honest in his pro fessions. He will also have the opportunity of venti lating his opinions, and convert, or be converted, as may be. The Standard says that Mr. Cardwell deserves ,-cat praise for the lucid and able manner in which he expounded his estimates to the House of Commons on Thursday. There are two sides to every question, and it is not Mr. Card well's fault if his side of this question was not placed clearly before his listeners. Perhaps army estimates have never been introduced in a more distinct and interesting speech. Happy thoughts seemed to occur to the speaker as he went on, and he warmed up with his subject. Certainly he had a sympathetic audience. Men whose poCkets are being drained of a little more money than usual are apt to criticise with considerable closeness the means by which the tax is levied. Men whose burdens are being lightened are apt to think only of the relief, and not to weigh too carefully the means by which the relief is effected. It was the duty of the late Govern ment to call on the nation for more money for military efficiency; it has been the pleasant task of Mr. Cardwell to relieve our pockets. On one portion of his estimates we most thoreughly agree with the Secretary of State for War. He stated that he looked upon the militia, our old constitutional force, as the backbone of our army of reserve ; and he has taken a sum of £20,000 towards improving the position of the officers. And he also threw out hopes of that being shortly accomplished for which we have so long looked with eagerness—the more intimate union of the regular army, militia, and volun teers for at least a portion of every year, under the com mand of generals commanding districts. If Mr. Cardwell will bring forward, as he promises, a bill to effect this, he may rely upon having universal support—a support much more hearty than that which is given to his reduction of the army. This step should have come first ; the reserves should have been thoroughly organised before the effective of the regular army was diminished. That might have followed. As it is we fear that efficiency has been 73 a considerable extent sacrificed in the pursuit of economy. The Telegraph considers that it is not often a dry subject is treated so elegantly as the army estimates were handled by Mr. Cardwell on Thursday. A masterpiece of terseness and lucidity, his speech chewed a profound knowledge of his subject. The alterations in our military establishments which he announced are such as we long ago enabled the public to anticipate ; but his explanation was so lucid that it would have done credit to anyone who bad for alifetime, instead of a few weeks, studied the detail which it was his duty to lay before the most critical audience in the world. He commenced by demonstrating that, while he was enabled to effect a saving of £1,106,000 in the estimates for the next financial year, the military force available at home or for continental war will be actually increased by 3,172 men. This result has been achieved by the wise determination of the Government to diminish the garrisons of those colonies and dependencies in which Imperial garrisons are of no avail except to stifle the energies of the colonists in preparation for their own defence. The present Government has resolved to reduce the garrison of British North America from a force of 16,185 men to one of 6,249 men, and has diminished the garrisons of all the colonies by one-third of the strength exhibited when the present Ministry accepted office. With a just appreciation, however, of the necessities of war, Mr. Cardwell has made no deductions in the force of soldiery required to man the fortifications of the maritime stations —such as Gibraltar, Malta, and Bermuda—which would be required as coaling depots and harbours by the navy in case of hostilities. lie has turned his attention judiciously to the volunteers, and, while expressing his readiness to grant them an increased share of the national expenditure in some form which will proportionately increase their efficiency, he insisted that in return their officers should be selected on account of capability, and not of social position; that they should exhibit a greater proportion of elficients ; and that they should be willing to subscribe to an organisation by which many small corps might be amalgamated into a smaller number of greater numerical strength. If Mr. Cardwell had possessed the courage to face the opposition of county magnates, and place the militia under his own immediate control, and had not made his slip on the sub bect of the Army Reserve force, his estimates would have een a complete success. The Poat thinks that the introduction on Tuesday night of the Real Estate Intestacy Bill in the House of Commons will at least have produced oue good effect. The debate upon the subject has certainly been instrumental in remov ing some vulgar errors and popular delusions touching the law of real property. It is not the fact, for instance, that the law confines the freehold property of fathers to the eldest sons, or that the owners of such property can tie it up to the same extent they are at liberty to tie up personalty, such as money or stock. It is true that, if a man do not choose to make a will, his freehold estate will not be divided among his nearest relatives, as his personalty would be under the Statute of Dis tributions, but will descend to his eldest son. Whether, therefore, it might be better for the law to be made more uniform and equitable, so as to provide, in case of intestacy, for a man's wife and children, as well out of his real as out of his personal property, in such manner as might be deemed most advantageous for the general good, is another question. Such an amendment of the existing law would not have the least tendency to prevent land from being fairly accumulated any more than money or stock—or families from being founded by men who have risen to wealth and rank through their own abilities and exertions. As little would it tend to break up old families and old estates. What it would do would be to preclude those anomalies which now exist, and those occasional grievances which are exaggerated and made matter of complaint. - - The Herald declares that it has no disposition to make merry over the fall of Mr. Reales. His retirement o _fr u om . the presidency of the Reform League is a mark fPr n . e dence and good s ense which we can afford to recognise all the more freely because we urged it upon him more than two months b a ck. If ever th e League had a mission it is now at an end. Mr. Gladstone is in power, and the untempered activities of his friends in the Adelphi are likely to do himmore harm than good. The forcible intrusion of a mob of demagogues at the official residence of a Tory Home Secretary was legitiuiate enough, but a Reform League deputation at the Treasury under present circumstances would be a mischievous nuisance. Thus much, at least, we may say for Mr. Beales—that he has ever been a moderating influence among his followers. Bad and mis chievous as the career of the League has been, it might have been infinitely worse but for him. Ile has shewn, at intervals, onhappiiy but too rare, a power for control, a sense of propriety and good feeling, and au independent .judgment, which restrain e d the League from the excesses into which its more r:'eldess spirits uouhl have plunged it. Among other instances of this we place to his account the postponement of the Ilyde.paac demonstration set down for a Good Vriday, and his vigorous assertion in the Irish Church agitation jf the sanctity of vested interests. The Star pays a tribute to the political career of M Edmund Beales, although it admits thaitiiist Ipiarisfe)ninetinieri been impossible to avoid questioniug taste. As a popular . leader Mr. Beales stood alone arlc in this : that he owed his power—which was very real over the bulk of earnest working-class politicians—purely' t the moral force of his counsels and example. Mr. Beales is is not an eloquent man. It cannot be said that he dazzled his followers ; and the constantly-published reports of the proceedings of the Reform League proved that he never flattered them, or shrank from telling them the plain truth. In fact, he had none of the qualities which are conventionally supposed to he proper to the character of a popular hero, and he had other qualities which are deemed positively incompatible with th e possession of influence and the exercise of leadership over the populace. Yet Mr. Beales Las continued, as long as he thought it necessary to continue, the respected and well-obeyed chief of a strong Democratic following. - - .BRADFORD ELECTION. THE NOMINATION. BRADFORD, Thursday. The nomination took place to-day. About 20,00 C persons were present. Blue and orange favours were pro• minently displayed. Mr. Matthew W. Thompson was proposed by Mr. Storey. and seconded by Mr. Thomas Garnett ; and Mr. Miall was supported by Alderman Law and other gen tlemen. Thespeeches were no more than dumb show, owing to the tumultuous proceedings. After both candidates had been proposed the crowd at the upper end of the ground divided itself into two parties, the Thompsonites commencing throwing stones, and driving the Miallites off the ground. A show of hands could not be taken, owing to this riot, and the mayor declined proceeding. Adjourned until declaration of the poll. Great excite. meat in the town. A number of prisoners and injured people were rAmoved to the police-office. WASTE LANDS AND SURPLUS LABOUR. A letter of Captain Maxse's, suggesting that the surplus labour of the country should be applied to the reclamation of cultivable waste lands, has attracted some attention. Captain Maxse asserts that 10,000,000 acres of such land are lying absolutely waste, and that large portions of them are in the pcssession of the Crown. He refers to the successful reclamation of waste lands in Whychwood Forest. He holds that it is within the province of the rulers of a civilised State to take direct measures for preserving the food-getting conditions of the poor. The objection usually urged against such interference on the part of Government is, that the natural laws of supply and demand would insure the work being done if it were remunerative ; but there are many arguments to bring forward against this view of the question. The owners of waste lands may be wanting in capital, energy, or sufficient liberality to encourage specu lation. Captain Manse is sanguine of the suc cess of his scheme for employing the surplus labour of the country on the reclaimable waste lands. The Morning Post, in writing on this subject, is doubtful whether any undertaking of the kind would pay, but believes that much more might be done by the State, in the way of public works, for the relief of distress than is now attempted. Should there even be a pecuniary loss in some projects, the money would have been expended in the country for its material improvement. The Post thinks that Captain Manse underrates the increasing de mand for skilled labour arising from the application of science to agriculture ; and though it strongly advises the immediate reclamation of the waste lands, it considers that migration, emigration, and education are the only reliable means of permanently improving the condition of the agricultural labourer. THE BATING OF SMALL TENEMENTS i On Thursday a deputation, consisting of the vestry clerks of Marylebone, Lambeth, Hackney, Bethnal Green, together with members of the parochial bodies in t'—se places, and also of Poplar, Mile-end Old Town, other parishes in the metropolitan district, had an interview by appointment with the Right Hon. G. J. Goschen. President of the Poor-law Board, with reference to the bill which he has recently introduced into the House of Commons for amending the laws with regard tc the rating of houses let under a weekly tenancy. The deputation was accompanied by Mr. Charles Reed, M.P. Mr. John Ifolms, M.P., and Mr. T. Chambers, M.P., ane was briefly introduced by the first-named gentleman. Mr. Russell (Hackney), entered into a statement of some length, explanatory of the grounds of (Nee . tion which the vestry of that parish had to the proposed measure. Ho stated that before the passing of the Reform Act, the number of summonses issued by them quarterly for non-payment of rates was not more than from 2,000 to 3,000, but that for the lass two quarters the numbers had been 7,000 and 6,00( respectively. The total number of assessments in Hackney was only 18,000. Out of the number of persons who had been summoned, it was found that in four cases out co: every 100 the rates were not recoverable. A lengthy con. versation ensued, in which Messrs. Ellis, Greenwell, Voss and Warren, the vestry clerks of Hackney, Maryleboee, Bethnal Green, and Lambeth took part, all agreeing that the system of compounding had worked most bene ficially during the time it was in operation, and urging the advisability of its resuscitation. It was suggestet that this might be done without interfering with th. claims of the occupiers of small property to the franchise, by making it compulsory upon the landlords to returi yearly to the overseers a list of their tenants, specifyint those who bad been sufficiently long in occupation te qualify them for a vote. Mr. Goschen fully agreed that the plan of making the landlord directly liable for tin rates of such houses as were let under short tenancies was by far the best that could be adopted ; but he hae endeavoured to frame this bill so as to remedy, as fax as possible, existing evils, without introducing anything that might be offensive to that party in the House of Commcns which insisted on the principle of the persona; pi.yment of rates. The Government were desirous to obtain the fullest information they could from those who had had the advantage of seeing the manner in which the ratepaying clauses of the Reform Act had operated, and thanked the deputation for the practical hints which they had thrown out. The depart ment with which he was associated was devoting its best energies to the task of framing such a scheme as would produce a satisfactory adjustment of the question, and such suggestions as had been given that afternoon were valuable, and would receive every consideration. The deputation then thanked the right hon. gentleman for the courteous manner in which they had been received, and withdrew. LAW AND POLICE. A CABMAN IN TROUBLE.-At the Westminster Polico court, on Thursday, the driver of a hansom cab was sum• moned by the Lord Mayor of Dublin for misbehaviour. His lordship hired the cab in the Strand, telling - the drivel to go by a particular route to Brompton. The cabman went by a different road, and when near Buckinghan Palace, where there was a great crowd, the horse bolted . overturned the cab, and threw his lordship out. The defence was, that the noise of the traffic in the Strand pre. vented the cabman from hearing Sir William Carroll't directions, and and the accident was due to a failure of the springs. The case was adjojirned. THE " LONG FIRM." —At the Manchester Assizes, on Wednesday, Lee and Little, the members of the " Long Firm," received sentence. Lee was sentenced to two years' imprisonment, and little to twelve months'. TWENTY YEARS. -At Northampton, on the 10th, a respectable man, tamed Bridgewater, was sentenced to twenty years' penal servitude for shooting a police constable, who died in consequence. No motive existed for the murder, but the prisoner was suffering under delirium tremens. CRUELTY TO ANIDIALS.-At Portsmouth, Robert Stride, a cowkeeper, was charged with cruelly ill-treating four cows and a calf by keepeing them without sufficient food. The case was one of great cruelty, the animals being found literally starving to death. The defendant was sentenced to three months' imprisonment with hard labour. ATTACK ON A BAILIFF.--At Bishop Auckland, a day or two since, two women were charged with assaulting Mr. Pigg, a county-court bailiff and auctioneer. He went to, levy an execution at the house of a man named Cavanagh, when his wife and her sister attacked him with a poker, and recovered some of the goods taken. They were fined £2 each. The liamsphirc Telegraph states that a detach-• ment of the Royal Artillery are engaged in dismantling the castle at Yarmouth, in the Isle of Wight, previous to being sold. The New York papers announce that the British and American Joint Commission, which has been deliberating for some years past on the claims of the Hudson's Bay and Puget Sound Agricultural Companies against the United States, is again sitting, in Wash ington. The Eecrt tary of a burial society at Lancaster has absconded, after having defrauded the .members of a largo amount by returning persons as dead who were still alive, and thu , obtaining the funeral donation paid on the death of a member. The society, which met at a public-house, with the landlady es treasurer, had 4,000 or 5,000 memberJ, and during the last fifteen months the defaulting secretary has, Fo far as is at present known, r,caived £137 by his fraudu lent o-pros-ntation.z. A COOL HAND.—A lady, who advertised one day this week, in a morning newspaper, for a housemaid, states that the first letter she opened was to the following effect :—" Mrs. C. D. presents her compliments to A. 8., end will thank her, when she has obtained a suitable ser vant, to forward the other letters to the enclosed address, Mrs. C. D. being in want of a servant." DEATH or SIR JOHN P. BOILEAU.—WC have to record the death of Sir John Peter Boileau, at Torquay. Ile was born on the 2nd of September, 1794, and married, on the 14th of November, 1825, Lady Catherine - Sarah Elliot, third daughter of Gilbert, first Earl of Minto. He was created a baronet in July, 18;l8, and filled the office of high sheriff of Norfolk in 1&14. Sir John had been a Fellow of the Royal Society since 1543, and was vice. President of the Society of Anti quar i es . H e i s succee d e d ill the baronetcy by his eldest surviving son, Fraud Geo= Manninaharo. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH 12, 1E69 METROPOLITAN GOSSIP.-Ihursday. The Conservative party are fairly perplexed by Mr. Gladstone's bill. They do-not know what to be at. The measure is so much more moderate than they expected, that they see all chance of successful opposition is gone. The one great objection which they had intended to raise— the secularising of religious endowments--Mr. Gladstone has altogether avoided by applying the funds to a religious use, and the most unfriendly critics admit that, granting the Church is disendowed, no better use could havebeen made of the money. There is much wild talk as to what the Conservatives will do. They will, of course, be beaten in the Commons, but then, they say, the Lords will throw the measure out, and another appeal to the country will follow, in which the late verdict will be reversed. How ?do your readers think. By proposing to disestablish the Church in Scotland ! This, they say, will not only serve the Scotch right for their support of Mr. Gladstone, but will sow dissensions among them, and induce a good many Scotsmen to support the Conservative party. In other words, the supporters of the " sacred union be tween Church and State " will propose to sever it in Scot land because the Scotch wish to sever It in Ireland. If that fail, say they, we will go in for disestablishment altogether. Surely a madder scheme was never devised. Cutting off one's nose to spite one's face is nothing to it; it is cutting off one's head 'to spite one's nose. It is early yet to say what will be done when the Irish Church Bill gets to the Lords, an event which is expected to happen somewhere about June 1. Nevertheless there are various rumours afloat 4 as to the course of events in that august chamber. Great hope is expressed by my Conservative friends that the rejection of the bill will be • moved by a Whig peer, and in that case it will, they say, be seconded by Lord Derby. They believe that several Whigs will support them, among them the Duke of Somerset (for whom no place has been found), Lord Westbury (ditto ditto), and Earl Grey (whose idea of party consists in always voting against his party), besides the two English Archbishops. On the other hand, my friends are very downcast at the reported defection of the Bishop of Oxford. This astute prelate is said to have come to the conclusion that the Irish Church might do very much worse than accept Mr. Gladstone's proposals, and will have to do very much worse if A does not accept them. This defection has called down upon the Bishop the wrath of Archdeacon Denison in a well-known Conservative Church journal of old standing. But rumour says that Bishop Wilberforce is not alone, that he will be followed by no less a prelate than the distinguished divine whom Mr. Disraeli brought over from an Irish deanery to an English bishopric ; the Bishop of Peterborough to wit. This would be a terrible blow, for Dr. Magee had been looked upon as a tower of strength by the supporters of the Irish Establishment. They will still have the Bishop of Derry, however. He is so fervid in his support of his Church that he had the singular bad taste to launch out last Sunday evening, when preaching under the dome of St. Paul's, into an invective against Mr. Gladstone. Bishop Alexander, no doubt, feels strongly ; but a sermon is not the time, nor St. Paul's the place, nor such a congregation as that which attends the special services the audience, before whom to introduce politics. Such breach of good manners was the more lamentable because the sermon was really a wonder ful display of eloquence. Such indiscretion on the part of the Bishop makes it doubtful if the Irish Church is to be congratulated or condoled with upon the circumstance that it happens to be his turn to sit in the House of Lords this session. But if some Whig peers are going to oppose the Government, it is fully understood that some very distinguished Conservative peers will, if not support, at least not oppose. It is quite expected that the Marquis of Salisbury will vote for the bill, and it is thought more than possible that the Earl of Carnarvon will follow his example. Supposing that the Peers do determine to run all the risks of a popular dis turbance and another general election, it is thought that the majority against the bill will he about eighty. The Reform League is virtually dead. It gave up the ghost last night, when Mr. Beales and Mr. Howell resigned. It will still continue nominally in existence, but it will be only the "shadow of a name." It has been over-lauded and over vilified. Sincere Liberals cannot feel very much sympathy with the noisy and egotistic men of whom it was for the most part composed. Nevertheless, it had a very large share in passing the Reform Bill. It was the destruction of Hyde Park railings and the monster processions in the streets which, when logic failed, convinced the Conserva tive party that Parliamentary Reform was necessary. The work is not completed yet, but the rest of it may safely be left to other hands. The next thing to be done is to make elections no longer the scandals that they are at present ruinous to all but rich men. Things are not going on quite smoothly between the Horse Guards and the War Office. Mr. Trevelyan did but speak truth, though he spoke it indiscreetly, in his famous speech about the Duke of Cambridge. His Royal Highness has no sympathy with the new policy of effi ciency and economy in the public service, and should a favourable opportunity arise for resisting Mr. Cardwell, we may look for him to use it. If an inquiry were made into the expenditure on the Abyssinian expedition, there would, I am assured by those who ought to know, be some curious revelations as to tha way in which the money went. For instance, when Government had to purchase a number of mules some gentlemen who were well acquainted with that sort of work, and who had a good knowledge of Spanish, offered themselves. But this was an opportunity for obliging political friends ; so the offer was declined, and other gentlemen were selected, whose knowledge of the animals and knowledge of the lingo were equal. What that was may be gathered from the fact that they were obliged to conduct the negotiations by the aid of inter preters. Anybody who has had to do with those gentry can imagine the percentage which we—the taxpayers— had to pay for their services. There is good news for South Kensington. The Jermyn street School of Geology, having for many years struggled bravely against its omnivorous neighbour, has at last suc cumbed, and will shortly be devoured. In other words, the school, which is now in a very central position, will be removed to that remote region variously known asAlLertland and Dilkooshia, and be amalgamated with the School of Naval Architecture. King Cole will now add another to the many crowns which he wears upon his head. Alas for the " legitimate drama" ! There is now but one theatre in Lendon where Shakespere is acted, and there by no means with brilliant success. The modern impressario, if he would make his fortune quickly, must either get up a sensational play—in which the poverty of plot and the inferiority of the acting are compensated for by clever mechanical contrivances, such as an underground railway and train on the stage —or he must open a music hall and introduce dances which even the by no means prudish Parisians refuse to suffer. There is one well-known place of this kind (I have no intention of advertising it by mentioning its name), whose directors have just declared a dividend of 25 per cent. A gentleman, who shall be nameless, has been setting up as a philanthropist with scarcely so much suc cess as Mr. Wright. The gentleman in question gives readings and lectures, ostensibly in behalf of charitable institutions, but some persons suppose that in that case the lecturer would have to be considered as an institution. It is his custom to write to big men, and ask them to take the chair. They generally send no reply, and Mr. —, acting on the principle that silence gives con ss e e n n t t e , d ad t o v e p r r t e i s s e i s d e. Lord The h S e o-a othern d-so night as h the Earl graciously of ch Licn hfield was announced in this way. To the lecturer's immense s eg rise,h a is n, l a o n v d l sl g t o i n g e n t t o e r t e h d e f t r h o e n t r o o f o m t h e just pla t b f o e rm f o r , e s t a h i d e e t h l C a r r t had been announced to take the chair, that he had no intention of doing so, and that he considered Mr. an excessively impertinent person. His lordship then left the room. Mr. —'s disgust may be " better imagined than described." Another change in journalism is announced. The Church News is for sale. This very abusive organ of the ultra Ritualists has for a long time endeavoured to serve ju st now masters, the ultra High Church party, who are now bitterly denouncing the Erastianism of more moderate men, and the High Tory party, who uphold the " sacred union of Church and State." It is the old story of sitting • between two stools, with a fall for the result, just as happened to the Glowworm in attempting to obtain support from the " Constitu tional" party and the music-halls. Still speaking on journalistic matters, I may mention that two new English a ra very neatly e papers have b een started in Paris by way of opposition to a g nisoaugtowteek some u l p y . , called the European News, weeks. other lt i san eight-page, ts., n p a e ni. has h e e . y first b paper has not yet appeared, but I hear that Mr. Blanchard Jerrold (who edits Lloyd's Weekly News from Paris) is to be the editor, and Mr. Stigand the " literary" editor. A new monthly paper, entitled the Church Chronicle, is to appear on May 1. It will be a record of Church life and Church work, and contain notices of the London and suburban churches. Its editor is Mr. Charles Mackeson. There is little literary news going. The Gentleman's will shortly have a tale from Mr. Percy Fitzgerald, author of "The Life of Sterne," and also some hitherto unpublished letters of Walter Scott's. The forthcoming number of the London Quarterly will have an article on Mr. Ffonlkes's pamphlets ; and the forthcoming number of llfeliora one by Mr. Edward Spender, on " Our Colonies." Mr. Stuart Trench has received the handsome sum of £l,OOO for the first edition of his " Realities of Irish Life." The new s vo w l i u n me ronfeKi is said b t l 's poems will seriouslybeil out l. in a few days. Mr. Swinburne We are having winter at last. To-day has been bitterly cold, with frequent fulls of snow, and a biting east wind. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. £1,026,000, turns out to oc zz,ovq.ruv, probably prove even more than this. The Finance Minister hopes to get a small surplus next year, but if so it will be due to the imposi tion of an income- tax which should bring him in £900,000. The telegram does not explain how far the deficit has been due to the money expended on public works. This money no one will grudge, provided only that it be spent on reproductive works. Hitherto most of it has been sunk in gaols and barracks, which may be necessary, but are not profitable, investments. Here after a large sum is to be spent on irrigation, the one thing above all others that India needs. THE LORDS OF THE TREASURY. The appointment of the Marquis of Lansdowne to the post of Extra Lord of the Treasury is likely to be again brought before the House of Commons. It is felt by many Liberals that it is manifestly unfair that a young lord should be a member of the Government simply because he is wealthy, and an opinion prevails that in time this system would ex clude all middle-class men from promotion. During the last few clays a good deal of grumbling has been expressed, and the Scotsman states that it is proposed to frame a resolution which, while admitting that the Government have not transgressed any rule, shall establish one for the future that such appointments shall not be made. In the event of this motion being carried, it will be interesting to notice whether the noble lord will resign his office or receive the usual salary of a thousand a year. THE CATTLE DISEASES DILL. Including the four Tellers and Speaker, there were 455 members in the House of Commons when the division was taken on Wednesday afternoon on Lord Robert Montagu's Cattle Bill. With the minority (197) in favuur of the bill sixteen Liberals voted, the majority of whom are county members. Their names are—Mr. Blake (Waterford), Mr. Brand (Ilerts), Mr. Callan (Dundalk), lion. H. F. Cowper (Herta), Mr. Dodson (East Sussex), Mr. Fordyce (East Aberdeenshire), Col. Greville Nugent (Longford),Sir John Gray (Kilkenny), Mr. M'Combie (West Aberdeenshire), Mr. Maguire (Cork), Mr. Nicol (Kincardineshire), Sir Patrick O'Brien King's County),Maj or O'Reilly (Longford), Mr. Pim i l Dublin), Mr. Stacpoole (Ennis), and Col. Sykes Aberdeen). On the other hand, the following six onservatives voted with the Government, only one of whom is a county member :—Major Dickson (Dover), Colonel Grant (Elgin), Mr. Graves (Liver pool), Mr. Russell Gurney (Southampton), Mr. Mellor (Ashton-under-Lyne), and Mr. Sidebottom (Staleybridge). Mr. Disraeli, Mr. Corry, Mr. CI athorne Hardy, Mr. Hunt, Sir Stafford Northcote, and Sir John Pakington were among the most prominent Conservatives who went into the lobby with the minority. The tellers for the Ayes were Lord Robert Montagu and Mr. Selwyn-Ibbetson, ;rid for the Noes. Mr. Headlam and Mr. Norwood. LORD STANLEY ON PERSONAL REPRESENTATION. Lord Stanley, the Conservative son of the most Tory of peers, on Wednesday last presided over a meeting called by the Juridical Society to discuss the theory of representation. If the truth could be told, Lord Stanley would probably be classed, if not amongst Mr. Hare's supporters, amongst the most advanced reformers of our electoral system. His speech clearly shewed that he was by no means satisfied with the present electoral system. Mr. Droop proposed single voting as a cure for the present inequalities. He would divide the country into districts, give each district five members, and each elector one vote. Mr. Hare's plan was pretty generally objected to on the ground that it was too elaborate; would orate givethe;and roomad‘ forisability of all such arrange ments was call e d i n question on th e groun d that they wire pulling. Lord Stanley, however, did not go so far. Ile spoke, for obvious reasons, under reserve, and tried to shew that the present sys 4 . - em was not so bad as it seemed. He pointed out that if in one place a party could not get represented, it could be through another ; and as for great thinkers not being returned, he objected that great thinkers were not, as a rule, those with whom the body of electors sympathised, and there fore they were not representatives. There was no agreement, either, amongst those who advocate change. Still, said his lordship, there are anomalies in our present system, abuses which the single voting plan would remedy, though that way of representing the minority had many disadvantages. His lordship, in concluding, pointed out that the minority plan had not yet really been adopted by the country. ELECTION PETITIONS. - second T The B 1 I r r at r o u r 2 c . ( l i f election, u D i so in me % o l f ew the of items the of the accounts raished by jr. Ripley, Telegraph, publishes who was unseated by Mr. Baron Martin. They are certainly most extraordinary,spe n t £7,000, but Mr. Ripley admits that he repudiates. some £l,OOO more. Perhaps the accounts repudiated are the most i e interesting, b being a set of beer, cheese , to bacco—tobacco, cheese, and beer, rung in all th e changes of whi c h the words are capable. From the admitted expenses, however, it appears that over a hundred public-houses were hired for committee rooms ; in these refreshments supplied on a liberal seem to have been with beer, was most generll scale ; bread and cheese, while the gentlern a y supplied to the poorer men, ell were treated to dinners,. with . sherry, claret, and tea afterwards. Mr. Ripley will not probably c give his financial agent a carte blanche when next he . puts up for Parliament ; or, if he does so, lie . will be wise to see that the money is not used in expensive wines, beer, and tobacco. They do not merely cost money, but when given, as at Bradford, ad. lib., they are likely to be thrown away altogether. It is a very good thing for the member ITfor Weat mirnter that he has plenty of money. ' Mr. Smith were not a very rich man he would not be able to stand all the calls which have been If _ made upon him on account of his election. he had gone • around and paid his voters a pound a head ' and has paid no more, he would not have expended so much as he admitted in his returns that he had spent. And, indirectly, he has undoubtedly had to pay a great deal more, the ru m our being that double the amount returned does not cover his actual expendi ture. Besides expending this littlefortune, he is now called upon to pay for defend ing the seat he has gained. Mr. Baron Martin has just intimated to each side that he will make no order as to costs, So Mr. Smith will have t o Pa y his own—no small sum, we may be sure. Probably the new M.P. is satisfied• lie had to defeat intel lect ; he did so with money, That he has been able to do so may be aeat consolation . to those who have been afraid that Poor men would be Flo to get into Parliam ent ; but to the majority of people it will be no very pleasantnews that ideas are not more powerful in gover • lung than of yore. ------ _ TUE ILEF°Rm LEAGUE The R e form L ea g ue is The e lo A se del i p ts hi p t i s n id in en o t lp r g . . 1 3ea1es. At the last meeting he declared that he thought the crisis for w re i w ll raise up his post, for the same Mr. Beal es s omew h a t which the Reform League was formed was now over, and he therefore res igned his p os iti on. Mr. Howell, rtileeason. secretary, The also decision threw in public estimation. But what shall be said of the other members of the council who still insist upon having spouting meetings ? THE COLONIAL SOCIETY. The inaugural dinner of the Colonial S oc i e ty was a brilliant affair. But was it necessary t o as k Mr. Reverdy Johnson ? 'That gentleman's loquacity and indiscretion are pretty well known by this time. Latterly those qualities have assumed a rather offen sive form. At first we were pleased with the profuse amou n t of " butter'' which h e use d t o pour over everything that was English. " Butter," however, palls, not to say sickens, at last, and we b egan t o weary of his elaborate compliments. Recently he seems to ha ve received instructions from home to adopt another tone. He was toler a bly di sagreea bl e at Glasgow, b u t at the colonial dinner he was some thing more. Mr. Roebuck denouncing, at Mr. Johnson's first dinner, the United States as the receptacle of the scum of Europe, scarcely sinned more against good manners than Mr. Johnsen in dis cussing at the colonial dinner the annexation of our North American colonies to the United States. Lord Granville; the model( of courtesy, the very incarnation of good breed ing, could not refrain from a little delicate satire when he spoke of Mr. Johnson's " singular " eloquence, and declined to make him a present of British America. The presence of Sir 0-. E. Cartiermight have suggested to Mr. Johnson that the application of the Monroe doctrine northwards is not a very probable event. On the contrary, we gather from Lord Granville's remarks that there is good reason to h o p e for the extension of the confederation from ocean to ocean. THE NEW COLONIAL °BLED. The Order of St. Michael and St. George which was, during the Ministry of the Duke of Bucking hamri extended tfoalnities of lTcolonies, was instituted the lonian Islands, Malta, and " for such other subjects of his Majesty as may hold high and confiden tial situations in the Mediterranean." In 1832 the Order was made to consist of 15 Knights Grand Cross, exclusive of the Grand Master, 20 Knights Commanders, and 25 Cavalieri, or Com panions. The members of the Order had precedency after the members of the Bath, and the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands had precedency over ail the other Knights Grand Cross. In the year 18G5 the Order consisted of the Grand Master (the Duke of Cambridge), 14 Knights Grand Cross, including Sir Alexander Woodford, Sir John Young, Sir H. Storks, Sir Gaspard LeMarchant, and Sir George Bowen ; 20 Knights Commanders, and 25 Com panions. Of the whole sixty members rather less than a half were of English birth. The Saxon blue and red-striped ribbon was never very highly prized ; but now that it has been extended to all the colonies, and now that it is worn by such men as Lord Derby, onies, idcs w tloia h avlo o vtneihiliy h lees e b; lped to pass the Act for the abolition of seas N e n i t o e -r u g o d ei o (iii v c e G ae r t r n fl e o m e y ra e so n t : i t v ar i ; s l N o n a niotigletah:LiaeAosr—ndioeNuvrlreiletaillslnoksie:cielosl Australian who than—the sky-blue ribbon of the Star of India. THE INDIAN BUDGET. Sir Richard Temple's first Budget is not considered very satisfactory. The actual deficit for 1867-8 is three times the sum estimated, and amounts to £1.610.000. The deficit for 1668 7 9,estim#eci at THE LEIGH HUNT ➢IEMORIAL. Mr. Townshend Mayer, writes that he has received sufficient money (R 200), for the proposed memorial to Leigh Hunt. The subscriptions, with the exception of Lord Russell's £5, are chiefly for small amounts, but the list is a distinguished one. It contains the names of Mr. Tennyson, Mr. Browning, Dr. Russell, Mr. Rossetti, Mr. Edwin Arnold, Mr. Ailing ham, Mr. Howard Staunton, and Mr. Durham, the sculptor. THE FUNERAL OF LORD GOUGIL It was said by one of the wisest of the ancients that funerals were rather for gratifying the pride of the living than for honouring the memory of the dead. The funeral of Lord Gough was, we suspect, no exception to the rule. The dead soldier would scarcely have wished the committal of his body to the ground to have been accompanied with ostentatious memorials of his victories over those bravest of brave foes, and subsequently stanchest of stanch allies—the Sikhs. It must have been Lord Gough's relatives who dragged out the guns taken at Chillianwallah (that victory only one degree less disastrous than a defeat) : it was by the wish of the survivors, surely, that all the Orders and swords and medals belonging to the departed veteran were arranged with pompous display in the room where lay the dead body that was about to be given to the worms. THE BISHOP OF CARLISLE. Bishop Waldegrave is so seriously out of health that he has to go to the Continent for several months. Bishop Anderson (late of Rupert's Land) will act as his commissary. It is not stated how Bishop Anderson will manage the diocese of Carlisle and the vicarage of Clifton, in Gloucestershire, at the same time, SIR EMERSON TENNENT. The circumstances connected with the death of S . Emerson Tennent are very curious. At the Inquest, held on - Wednesday, his son told the jury that a few days ago the deceased had remarked that if a man were taken ill in the street the best thing he could do was to knock at a door and inquire for apartments. This was the course he actually took when he was seized with the fatal attack. This is getting shelter on false pre tences, and may cause serious inconvenience to those whose house is invaded. The jury returned a verdict of death from apoplexy. THE ACCIDENT TO LORD WILTON. The list of killed and wounded in the hunting field during the present season would make up a list as long as that of many a battle-field. The most expert riders have fallen victims no less than the "duffers." Sir John Johnstone and Sir Charles Slingsby were most accomplished sportsmen, -and they are both dead. The Earl of Wilton is another noted Nimrod, and hP has just come to grief with a fractured wrist and frtctured ribs. His lordship is rather old for this Lort of thing. Tle is in his 70th vear. HORSEFLESH. Admiral Rous writes again to the Times on the subject which has so long excited attention, the premature racing and training of racehorses. He argues that training must be begun early, and carried on at great expense ; and why not let the horses race ? When they are broken down, he says, " the injury done is generally an inflamed sinew or an enlarged joint both fatal t 3 racing—but that three months' rest sets the horse all right." He also points out that the Newmarket rules do not apply to other races, but are only optionally adopted by the authorities at other places. At the same time he would alter the time for dating the birth of horses to the Ist of April, but would oppose the prevention of running of two-year-olris until the Ist of J uly. In reply to this, the Times points out that there are cer tain general rules to be observed in all racing which are framed by Lthe Jockey Club. These could be altered; and if an alteration can be made to the Ist of April, why should it not be extended to the Ist of July ? As to slight injuries being caused by over-training, the Times appeals to the physiolo gists as to whether the injuries are not caused to the whole constitution of the horse and transmitted inevitably to its descendants. 'FOREIGN NOTES.. THE NOTE OP SPRING. Spring is always a critical time for the delicate constitu- tion of Europe. Though European politics never, on the whole, wore a more pacific aspect than at present—they are pacifically stagnant, iu fact—yet the rumours of war which the winter dissipated have returned in greater force than ever. The Paris correspondent of the Indepoidance Beige says that never was confidence more troubled, never have the rumours of imminent strife been more persistent. It would be idle to enter into the details of these reports ; there always is a plentiful stock of schemes on hand, and, as usual, war preparations are discovered in plenty. As the Ind 4endance Beige remarks, these alarms are note worthy because they are the sole preoccupation at Paris. A very little consideration would convince people that the Government which has just taken a prominent part in a great act of conciliation is not likely to follow it up with an aggressive war. But the multitude is not given to logic, and at a time when business, especially in France, is in a deplorably low ebb, the phantom of war is scarcely less injurious than the reality. REACTION IN SPAIN. The refusal of the Government to grant a general amnesty, that is, a pardon which should include the supporters of Isabella and all other political offenders, on the ground that the reactionary party was still busy, seems to be not unfounded. The semi-official papers of Madrid say that Queen Isabella has just withdrawn a million sterling from the Bank of England, and, of course, this is to be devoted to agitation. The frontier near Bayonne is "swarming" with partisans, who are concentrated in great force at one very strong point. No doubt agitation of some liind is going on, and it would be probably imprudent to despise it. But it is very doubtful whether the danger of releasing a few wic.,:hes who are lingering in dungeons would not be more than compensated by the good effect which always attends an act of clemency. It is note worthy that at the division on the amnesty the minority mustered ninety-four, thirty of the Monarchists having gone over to the Republicans. THE NEW SPANISH CONSTITUTION. Notwithstanding all adverse reports, and the resignation of three of their number, the commissioners appointed to draw up a draft Constitution are rapidly proceeding with their work. The Independance Beige states that all the leading principles have been decided upon, excepting only the religious questions. Upon this subject they have taken a course which amazes the Belgian journal. It was con fidently presumed, it says, that after the revolution, the pretended National Church, which had been the chief instru ment of tyranny, was irrevocably doomed. The commission, however, has entered into negotiations with the Cardinal Archbishop of Santiago and the Bishop of Jaen, both of whom are members of the Cortes, with the view of settling the future position of the Church. This does not look like disestablishment, or freedom of worship, or spiritual liberty in anyway. AUSTRIA AND ITALY. The Temps is enabled to state that the project of an interview between the Emperor of Austria and the King of Italy is very seriously entertained. It will probably take place at the time when the Emperor reaches Trieste, after passing through Dalmatia. This will be about the beginning of next month. The Patrie publishes intelli- gence to the same effect, and adds that the interview will mark the commencement of a new policy on the part of both States. NEWS MANUFACTURE. The Pole, named Dunin, who has just been turned nut of Roumania for promulgating false news, was under French protection, though not a French subject. Hence a small difficulty has arisen between the French Consul and the Roumanian Government. Dunin had sent to a Cracow journal a despatch, couched in these terms : " The pretended Mazzinian proclamations distributed in the country, have a Russian origin. In spite of the arrangement of the Greco-Turkish difficulty, the Bulgarians and Greeks continue to agitate. The Ronzanul has made a violent attack upon the Ministry. Dangerous electoral agitations are on foot." All this was untrue. Dunin was brought before the Minister of the Interior, who severely reprimanded him, and gave him three days to get out of the country. Dunin appealed to the Consul, who argued that as Rou mania was semi-dependent on the Forte, the consular capitulations in force in Turkey held good in Roumania. Dunin, however, was marched to the frontier between two soldiers. He was sightly served. The French Consul might have respected the spirit as well as the letter of justice, for expulsion is mild punishment for an offence which might cause considerable injury to com merce. RUSSIAN LOANS. There is always a limit to the capacity of States for bor rowing., and the Russian Government is experiencing the force of this truth. The new Russian Railway Loan is not doing well, nor is it likely to prosper, unless the Czar's Goverment will make au explicit declaration that no further issues shall tie maae until a reason able space of time has elapsed. During the last three years twentymillions of railway bonds, guaran teed by the Muscovite Government, have been brought into the London market, and thirteen millions more into the Continental markets only. The credit of Russia has always been good, owing to her strict honesty, but there is a medium in everything. CRETE. The Messageries Imperiales Steam Packet Company has concluded a contract with the Porte for the purpose of transporting the Cretan refugees from Greece to their native land. The blockade of Crete is at an end, and all the ports are opened. THE MISSIONARIES AGAIN. The latest missionary difficulty—that at Formosa—was simply a reproduction of the Yangchow affair. Some officials excited the mob, missionaries were assaulted, their converts ill-treated, and their residences sacked. The troubles were more than once repeated, some merchants getting a share of the abuse. The usual nostrum, two gunboats, was administered. Lieutenant Gurdon attacked Anping, drove out the Chinese garrison, and, " in accord. ance with the special instruction of the Consul," kept possession of the place until satisfaction was given. Hold ing this material guarantee, the " most satisfactory terms" were exacted ; in fact, there was a general settling up. " Compensation," says the Times correspondent, " has been given to the sufferers by the outrage, their assailants have been punished, and the delinquent official removed; the illegal restrictions which had been placed on the cam phor trade have been abolished, and various minor ques tions have been arranged." Of course in all these cases loss of life must be prevented if possible, but surely Chris tianity cannot be promoted by involving the settlement of the camphor trade in a religious difficulty. IvETV YORK CITY. (From the Anglo-American Times) Perhaps the most valuable estate in the world is the island of Manhattan. Of its 14 miles in length nine are about 2i broad from the Battery north wards, the other five narrowing to a width of about 11, the whole comprising an area of 15,000 acres, but on those acres stands the City of New York. The fortunate freeholders in Manhattan had but to wait, nor for long, for the value of their property to double, quadruple, rising steadily in a progressive multiplication ratio. Every sixteen years the city doubled its superficial area as well as its population, and considerable as is the size of the island, it was clear that it would soon be unable to contain the inhabitants of one of the most rapidly increasing emporiums in the world. Where the space is cir cumscribed by water, and the boundaries are neare 1 beyond which the town proper cannot go, the value of the land rises in a ratio out of proportion greater than the mere increase of population, and the owners of real estate in New York found themselves so placed that it appeared almost impossible to check the upward tendency ; yet, strange to say, the city authorities have succeeded in doing this, at least in one most important point. For the first time for many a long year there is no " ap preciation" (to use the word as it often is used there) in New York rental. So enormous has been the taxation, so unscrupulous - the City Government, and so exorbitant the rates charged for house ac commodation, that building on Manhattan has in a measure ceased, while small towns are springing up in Westchester County and New Jersey, to which drift a swelling tide of population. Every effort is being made to bring these new townships into easy communication with the city. Railways, roads, and bridges are projected or in construction, ferries established, and as communication improves people avail themselves of the opportunity to escape from the grinding taxes of the landlords and of the mu nicipal corporations. Hence the check ; only shops in the best part of Broadway, houses in fashionable streets, and similar tenements, are holding their own, or slightly increasing, while a decline generally is looked for. Once the outlet is opened it will not be easy to stop the outpour, and we regard this as the means best calculated to restrain the jobbing of the City Council and the exactions for which New York has made itself notorious. For the informa tion of our English reader:3 who do not know the American metropolis, we give the following brief description. The lower end of Manhattan, where old New York stands, together with the east side, being leas irregular and more easily graded, was that first built upon. The west side is more ele vated and finer in landscape, divided by the Man hattanville 'Valley little over the water level into two ridges, which become a high shoulder of land, rising from the Hudson and falling in the line of Ninth-avenue to the level of the Harlem plains. Above One-hundredth and Fifty-fifth-street com mences the Fort Washington region, or the Field, the most irregular is the island, and till lately considered too expensive for building purposes. It is three and two-thirds miles long, averaging in breadth three fourths of a mile, and comprising 1,700 acres. The old King's Bridge-road runs through a valley half way between the Harlem and Hudson Rivers, with two ranges of hills on the west side, abrupt and almost inaccessible. Near Spuyten Duyval is a salt marsh, extending to the hills on the Hudson. The eastern spur ends north of Fort George, where a tract of 60 acres of salt meadow commences. Washington Heights, the property of Mr. James Gordon Bennet, is the highest point, being 271 feet above low water, and it is here the fort once stood. Most of this irregular surface is covered with oak, chestnut, elm, walnut, and cedar trees, with groves of extent and beauty, making up a pretty landscape, and thus constituting the upper portion of the island, the best adapted for private re sidences. New York city Wes settled by the Dutch in 1612, but remained of no great importance till the War of Independence, and its main rise has been within the 19th century. In the early days all the streets were below or south of Wall-street, the present banking and broking quarter, and the town continued to progress according to the fancy or the interests of the owners of land who desired to sell their lots to the best advantage. This, how ever, was interrupted in 1807 byan Act of the Legis lature to lay out the city above North-street, now Houston-street, according to the present plan, which was completed in 1820 ; but streets had been pro jected to the north on " Kip's Bay" property and the Middle Road, now Fifth Avenue, from Forty first-street to Ninetieth -street and Cross-street. Old New York had the appearance of an ancient Dutch town, with narrow, irregular streetsand gable ended houses; but the northern portion, thanks to the timely interference of the Legislature, is con structed on a beautiful plan. The great feature of the city is the thoroughfare called Broadway, which runs from the Battery at the extreme south to King's Bridge the extreme north, that is fourteen miles. It divides the island in its entire length into halves, occupying the height between the rivers and maintaining its width of eighty feet. Its starting-point at the Battery is from the junction of the Hudson and East Rivers, where an open crescent-shaped plot of eleven acres has been tastefully laid out, and is so situated as to command a fine view of the surrounding waters, with their labyrinth of islands and shores. A t this ter mination of the street is the bowling-green, an elliptical area, with a fine fountain. Its first three miles are straight, and present a grand perspective. The Fifth-avenue is its continuation, the one being the business thoroughfare, the other the fashionable quarter. Throughout the entire length it is held to be the most picturesque of streets in appearance, being alike striking in the grandeur of its buildings, in the brilliancy of the colouring, and in its bustle and gaiety. The edifices are on a fine scale, often built of the whitest marble, and the clear atmosphere gives this great artery the benefit of a coup d'ail, embracing distinctly the uninterrupted view. Ban ners wave, the throngs arc gaily dressed, the car riages arc brightly painted, and the sky makes the most of the colour, the air being more transparent than that of Paris. Other avenues run parallel, or in accordance with the nature of the ground, and the island is crossed by numerous streets, so it is easy to understand the plan of the city. Although the space is limited for a mighty emporium like New York, an area has been taken to form the Central Park, two and a half miles long and half a mile in width. The length is cut by four trans verse roads, half a mile apart, constructed below the Park's surface so as to facilitate traffic across the city, and handsome arches span these roads This is a fine feature, giving to the crowded city a charming demesne exceeding Hyde Park in ex- h "raw.. tent. It possesses nine miles of carriage drives, five and a half for saddle-horses, and twenty-two and a half for promenaders. Zoological gardens, floral observatory, arboretum, artificial lakes with pleasure boats, and a grand system of water-works for drinking and irrigation are there. Both plants and animals rapidly increase from the numerous presents constantly received, nor do the zees confine their gifts to these ; for large sums are expended to adorn this Park with statuary. The avenues branch off from or above Central Park , and traverse the upper portion of M tnhattan Island. Those in process of construction will be at least 100 feet broad, but in some cases this will be extended to 150. Fourth Avenue, above Thirty-fourth street , was widened to 140 feet, and the old avenues are all 100 feet across. One of the gran !est is thus described :—" The Road,' or Public Drive,' be gins at the Circle, which is situated at the south west corner of Central Park. Following the line of Broadway it p asses nor th- wes t er ly, crossing Ninth avenue diagonally at Sixty-fifth-street, an d Tenth-avenue at Seventy-second-street. It then goes midway between the Tenth and Eleventh' avenues, as far as One-Hundred-and-fourth-stree t, where it bends to the westward, pursuing the line of the Bloomingdale-road, and strikes the Eleventh avenue at One-Hundred-and-seventh-street. Fr oll this point it follows the course of that avenue above One-Hundred and-fifty-fifth-street, where it COn" tinues as part of the improvements of the For t Washington District. Departing westward, it tra verses the high bluff above the Hudson River to 3 point midway between Fort Washington and Kings' bridge, where it turns to the Kingsbridge-roa d ' The prospect from this Boulevard will be very charming along the greater portion of the route. It will be elevated at the upper part from 50 to 1 20 feet above the tide, thus commanding magnifice nt , views of the H u d son an d th e op p os it e s h ores ." 13t1 ' the island of Manhattan will soon cease to contai n all New York city. The problem now is to cros s the Harlem River in the upper part by suspension bridges so as to form a continuation of the gret t , thoroughfares, and in the lower p a rt by tunnels. Iv is designed to form lines of docks along the short% of the Harlem, and as soon as the removal of, th e obstructions of Hell Gate will improve the passage: both sides the stream will be lined with clocks an" warehouses, and .bridges could not therefore b e erected in that portion without impeding the tide: Efforts are now being made to secure all thi.it needful in Westchester for the future extension °f the city. The Bronx and Saw-mill Rivers will the supply of water, and the plan of the streets well be designed, so as to harmonize with those of Ne w . York ; and for thi s p ur p ose it i s pro b a bl e that 10 will be brought u n d er the same governmen t as tha t of the metropolitan city. Brooklyn is to be con nected with New York by a grand bridge, fe i t which purpose bills h ave p asse d b o th th e F e d e ral a nd the State Legislatures, d ou bt s b e i ng en tertain!' of the power of a State Government to authorii3 the construction of a bridge across tidal wate r. Water must be the most st r iki ng f ea t ure of a city built on a narrow i s land, a n d wa t er i s the chi ef natural feature of New York. Steamers are se motion around ; the tall masts of the shipping ar ise like a forest ; the ferry boats are scuddi n g acro ss ".. New Jersey, to Brooklyn, and to th e nume rous tow n s growing up on every side ; the water being as dens e a scene of life almost as the land. But life in re st ' less motion is nowhere else seen so active as on the Island of Manhattan. Bustle and hurry, ex nl , t o ment and sensation, load the very a t mos phere. ..lu e effort to do the most hilliness in the shortest t. 1113 1 ; 0 if it be business—to ha ve th e mos t pl eas ure , if 11 ' e • pleasure, is apparent, and f orms the mar ked trait the inhabitants. It is like some European cit ies ' yet wholly unlike ; and perhaps no other metr° OL , polis has peculiarities so e n ti re ly its own. 0 the city itself, Broadway and the Central Park ° the most noticeable characteristics, neither being elsewhere excelled, and one being unequalled. It is a pity to see the progress of a town in any wayo checked possessing the enormous advantages of N e w York; such had:our and dock facilities given by n ` ture, such natural and acquired means of commo ni, cation, such beauty and concentrated conveniences but the city's evils work ou t th e i r own c ure, indeed eventually end in good to all. Th e s t r eets ar e overcrowde I, and it is necessary that the labouring classes should hags the benefit of a more open sPn b e e and quick and cheap transit to their work in city. This is what the rise in the rentals has led te s and before long the lower portion of New York ' v ! l ! be like that which is technically known as the C lll in London, a place for business only, but where fet Y families dwell—crowded by day and deserted b night. gest DUNVILLE and Co., Belfa s t, a r e the holders of Whisky in the world. Their Old Irish WhisicY°! o h commended by the medi ca l p ro f ess i on i n pre f eren ce to r` rto ana Brandy. Supplied i n cas k s an d cases for home use or 03113° 00 . tion. Quotations o n a p p li cat i on to Messrs. D Hie an d. J- Belfast; or 4, Beaufort-buildings Strand, London Vir"',., v,rtisem en t. In the report of the Messrs. Miller and Co st stock and sharebrokers of Royal Exchange-buildint,s: London, for th e p as t mon th th e f o ll ow i ng rema rk occ ar o " The mo s t no t a bl e r i se h as been in United States 13°13 of nearly 8 per cent." Ake/ It is said th a t th e sur f ace o f G rea t Salt -. Utah, is rising about one foot a year. Chin ° A Boston firm has rece i ve d an or d er from Ar ot for 600 cases o f c h ea p b oo t s an d s h oes, pro b a bly the `"" consignment of the kind ever sent to the country- e st It is said that the Hwang°, one of the larg ~s rivers of China, has recently changed or is chanV 3 a r th point outlet, and now enter s th e sea a t a • t 500 mil l ' s 11- as of its recent mouth. The change is so complete -„res we are informed, the Rev. D. M ar ti n, one of the 1-1- ' k r - sore in the new University a t P e ki n , h a s wal_e while d foot over the spot where Lord Amherst's junks lay , the natives burned incense to insure a favourable I,3ss pillS• LADYERTISEMENY.I Holloway's Ointment and r 5 t Diseases of the most formidable and chronic ch' u cual have been cured by Holloway's remedies, after the vice external and internal treatment has signally Hod.. and rations, which have proved themselves incurable %riff other known means, have healed kindly under the ijrns o ' ing and regenerating influence of this excellent 0 , o dolsr Sprains, stiff joints, contracted muscles, and gli a te d by swellings, can be most safely and effectively trot:coop- Holloway's ointment and pills, which can do no h r „, e nts der any circumstances. Neither of these medic a l t bar have anything deleterious in their composition,. b° onre• essentially purifying and strengthening in their n dit i o a While the ointment reduces sores to that healthy r °.' l , in and preparatory to healing, the pills improve dig expel impurities. 9 ,10. ? ? 1 , ° [AD VER TISEMENT.)—Heneeforth no one will doubt the /mole properties of Du Barry's health-restoring Revalent? Invalids' and In7ants' slnce to the thousands 0: bn bee o it has already received from Invalids whole positioa I ZpoP e i e_eemed hopeless, we may row add that of his Holiness t" mas o f whose health has' been peeeetly restored by it after flair; nnsnccossful me Beal treatment. We n 0,3 from the " Crf. golf , Midi," .1:".!y 25th:—" rain?, July 21,1836. Toe health 0 Tr Father is excellent, ec-zeielly once, abandoning all ot,„le., if outr dies, he has condued d himseir e - atlrely to Du Barry's mesa Arablca Food, of wale.' he consumes a plateful at eve:4lo,l l ' It has produced a surprisingly beneficial effect on his. , 'S y ; li:s Holiness cannot prolcs this excellent food too highly„ extract a few oat c:,hr.ore te• a 63,000 cares:—Care No. iIIt the Marchioness de Etritn, of seven wasting away, debility, nervousness, wi,h a nervous Pl i ost all over, bad digestion. constant sleeplessness, and ele, tolerable nervous agltation. Core No 1.771: Lorc! r spe ps!s• Decies, Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of reany yesr 3 V spe psl s, No. 49,832: "Fifty years' indescribable a;ony from " Y e psfe t .': years' liver critioti, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipatioa, liatulenZl27o: "`„,, sickness, and vomiting —Maria Joly " Care No. • ; e d James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, or. 30 years' dise,' spitting of blood, liv e: d erangement , an d pa,ri'el des- 11 2 0 ' re O ° i s portant Caution—Beware of the many unsavoury a nd if Liebig sloppy imitations to w hi c h, w ith ou t authority, 800. name is most audaciou s ly a tt ac h e d. 12 itiS, In tins, at is. 11d. ; 1 lb. 2s. v d.• Vbs. is. 6d.; 51 1 )s• 1 , 1 Z 4 :b1t 0 C ° 4 225. ; 4 40s, -Also Du BARRY'S REyALENTAAR ~, for „, LATE POWDER is pack e d i n ti n can i s t e rs; for 12 cups cu • os Et 3s. 6d., fl': 4s caps at 35., for 238 cups at : l's., for 555• tins at 53s.—beiog about Oae penny E- tie? cu p. The 30s. aU P U OS t °fit 0 are cent free of carri age in ag land on receipt o f treat+ Lo Order. BARRY . Du BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-0 don; and all Grocers and Chemists. BARESrMrs. Births. off 0. . fe of N — u O ge n n t t h ß e a 9 n t k h es, ins o t i , a adtauEgehetleers.ton-street, the 34RRIMAN—On the 11th icst, at Totteuhara, the S. B. Merriman, Esq., of a son. Marriages. °s'e Pil FLETCHER— THOMSON— On the 10kh inst. , at Baal, J DO I Pletcher, J.P., of Whiteba.ven, an d Stilton " { w oe, friesshire, to Marion, daughter of Win. Thomson, of Dumfries. iell' Ni ORRIS—TURNER—On the 9th inst., at St. Johnsc' - `,. &- mond, James Morris, M.D., of 13,Somers-place, park-square, to Agnes, only daughter o f John rr'r Esq; late of Glasgow. BOILEAU— On the 9th inst , Deaths Pete r at Torquay, Sir John Boileau, Bart., F.R S., aged 75. BAGNALL—On the Bth inst , at Streatham, Cha rles Lie°ll . . e - Bagnall, Esq., aged 25. ir c arne' . HEARNE—On the 10th inst , at Brompton, John •L' Esq. (formerly of 81, Strand), aged 84, London : Printed and Pabliahed by wiLLIA.g /0 11) ,„ 1)% of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at gas SUN Odic 01° .1 Of Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in .the ~[iddlesex.-1 ridgy, Mach 12, 1862. If s c Prize IYI 01 it p, . , Sold it the Agen 8, Obsery limes LL M U' 14, RI ADVAN+ hold or ] able wee Forms fr Ito , _ Mr. Pt Vocal ax cong Tes; Fannin - ARTHIT () Pen r Private Al Li Mr. fl, LITTITE] seen ( Admitta roomQ, AR ( Rooms 1 and C o . an attra Dance 3. MU t L for devil ORIGIN A S Very Fi. Old Cm Shipp , Sparklii lery, gampl bottles • Consign eelebrat Bordeat Whiski( also be number of other Rom OR T - - - i i ' The Fire Re The me Bonus I value r render leave is thirty d S EA off NaticnE TIE Pres Treasu DO/' eolicite expe n d at Wal 0 ffic lIR NI For destitu and oi pro ß p oi One stitutic Incr endow assista Sub: Institu its rur,c The Secret: OM( Barg lan e . REAL] _DU iup; and m Pity, 13 Cur, Fro;,, d flat 14.11, of T,yl .1 • nPrv oi vous f ; Cur Years , The b., 4 ar ry ha eat "PR n atsut free o! battr als o Gra ce , Ne w 1 Offs, IC:1 - ! Office.