The Sun. — London, England, 1860-05-24 00:00:00

COUNTRY APARTMENT S.--To be LET, Furnished, TII REE BED ROOMS, a Sitting loom, and use ofa Kitchen, near a healthy village twelve miles :from London. The house stands in a very extensive garden and is close to Bushy Park, at an easy dist Aloe from two Mations. Omnibuses pass within a few minutes' walk toand ;from London, and the stations several times during the day. To those seeking rural retirement and quiet comfort this ad vertisement offers unusual advantages. Address, M. E. Hampton Wick, Middlesex. aREAT- WESTERN RAILWAY. - kA WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS —RETURN TICKETS Issued on SATURDAY. the 26th of May, and intermediate days, will, be available for return up to and including Satur day, the. 2d of June. BEAT WESTERN RAILWAY.— va WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS. EXCURSIONS TO THE NORTH AT LOW FARES. —'Trains will leave the PADDINGTON STATION at 10.20 a.m. for OXFORD (fares 6s Gd and 4s), Banbury (Ss and Is), Leamington and Warwick (10s. Gd and 6s), Birmingham (12s and 7s), Westbromwich, Wednesbury, and • Bilston (12s Gd and is Gd), Wolverhampton (13a and 8s), Wellington and Shrewsbury (lis and 10s), Oswestry (les Gd and 11s), Welshpool (20s and 12s), Llangollen Road, Wrexham, and Chester (18s. 61 and 11s), Birkenhead and Liverpool (215 and its 6d); on Saturday, May 26, returning on Wednesday, May 30 •, on Monday, May 28, returning on Thursday', May 31 ; and on Wednesday, May 30, returning on Saturday, 2d of June. The train will return from Liverpool (Landing Stage) at 10.30 a.m. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY HITSUNTIDE lIOLIDAYS.—EXCURSION TO TILE SEASIDE.—On SATURDAY, the 26th of May, st, Train will leave Paddington at 3.3 i p.m., for Chippen h ttn, Trowbridge, Westbury, and Fronae (fares, Os and Os), Yeovil (Ils and 7s), Don:ll6(er and Wevmouth (12s and 88), returning from Weymouth at 7 a.m. on Wednesday, May 30. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On Saturday, May 4 5, an Excursion Train will leaTe Paddington, at 6.40 p.m., for Bath and Bristol, returnino - , on Tuesday, May 29, from Bristol at 8.15 a.m., and Bath at 8.45 a.m. Fares—Bath, 12s. and Os ; Bristol, 14s and 7s. aREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- IVIIITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On WHIT SUN DAY, May 27, an Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 7.30 a.m. for Cirencester and Stroud (fares 9s and ss), Glou cester and Cheltenham (10s and 6s), and Ross and Hereford (12s and 8s), returning from Hereford at 6.3) p.m. the same day. GREAT WESTERN' RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.- On WHIT SUN DAY, the 27th of May, an Excursion Train will leave Pad dington at 7.43 a.m.., for Oxford (fares 6s 6d and 4s), Ban bury (8s and ss), Leamington and Warwick (10s 6d and 6s), Birmingham (12s and 7s), Westbromwich, Wednesbury, and 33ilston (12s 6d and 78 6d), and Wolverhampton (13s and 88), returning the same day from Wolverhampton at 7 p.m. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WIIITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On WHIT SUN DAY, May 27, an Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 9.30 a.m., for Taplow (fares, 58., 3s. 6d., and.2s. Twyford, Henley, Reading, Theale, Aldermaston, Woolhampton, Thatcham, Newbury, Kintbury, and Hungerford bs. 6d., 48., and 35.); returning the same day from Hungerford at 7 p.m. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS.—On WHIT MON DAY, May 23, an Excursion Train will leave Paddington at 10.45 a.m. for Taplow, Twyford, Henley, Reading, Thealc, Aldermaston, Woolhampton, Thatcham, Newbury, Kintbury, and Hun;;erford, returning the same day from Hungerford at 7.0. Fares to Taplow, 55., 3s. 6d., and 2s. 6d. ; to the other stations ss. 6d., 45., and 3s. N.B.—For further particulars of the above Excursions, time of return from intermediate stations, dc., see handbills. CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS, Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Strand.—Farewell Season in Lon - 'ion, previous to the retirement of Mr. J. W. Raynor on the 2d of August.—Every Evening at 8, and every Saturday Morning at 3 o'clock. Tickets and places may be secured at the Hall from 11 till 4, and at Mr. Austin's West-end Box office, St. James's Hall, Piccadilly.—Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. J. W. RAYNOR. A ROYLL ROOMS, Windmill-street, Picea dilly.—Open every Evening., with the'celebrated Band conducted by Mons. Lamotte (chef d'orchestra to the Em perot Napoleon). A magnificent SMOKING SALOON added to this Establishment. Doors open at 8 o'clock. Ad mission, ls. Licensed pursuant to Act of Parliament. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, HIGH HOLBORN. This Establishment, pre-eminently distinguished for the elegance and matchless beauty of its decorations, combined with the perfection of its management, is OPEN EVERY EVENING for DANCING. The celebrated band, under the direction of ➢lr. Ar. M. Packer, plays a nightly-varied R elec tion of the ICl3tt approved classical and modern music. Doors open :at half-past 8. Overture at 9. Closing at; 12 punctually. Admission, ls. DECAYED TEETH. MR. ESKELL'S celebrated OSTEOPLASTIC ENAMEL.—The only stopping for tender and decayed Teeth that will not become discoloured. For front teeth in valuable. Post free for 30 stamps (directions enclosed). 314, Regent-street, London, facing the Polytechnic. MR. ESKELL'S PATENTED INCORRO- Policy 1 Sum Bonus in addition Bonus in Permanent Reduction DIBLE TEETH are adapted without extracting teeth taken Age. Assured. to Sum Cash. of Annual or stumps, or giving any pain whatever, on his never-failing out in Assured. Premiums. principle of Self-Adhesion, by which the following, advan tages are obtained : :t ; I £ Xs. d. Xs. d. Xs. d. PERFECT MASTICATION, 1838 55 3,000. 867 17 7 428 1 4 56 3 8 DTS PINCT ARTICULATION, and 1841 48 4,000 749 4 0 325 16 0 32 0 4 RESEMBLANCE I'o NATURE 1845 59 2,000 232 18 0 1156 15 0116 6 0 which renders it impossible to detect them. There are no 1848 60 2,000 f 154 2 8 103 16 8 10 15 2 visible fastenings, and from the absence of all weight and 1851 55 2,800 120 17 0 72 14 6 67 7 their congeniality to the mouth, may be worn on the most 1 tender or sensitive gums with the greatest comfort. Teeth The following - , are amongst the advantages altered by the stopped, loose teeth fastened, &c. Consultations Free. International Life Assurance Society:— Terms strictly moderate. The Society was established in 1838. 314, Regent-street, facing the Polytechnic. • Two-thirds of the profits are divided amongst the assured The following, are amongst the advantages offered by the International Life Assurance Society:— The Society was established in 1838. Two-thirds of the profits are divided amongst the assured every five years. For prospectuses and every other information, apply to the Chairman, 142, Strand. PRESENTS.— ORNAMENTAL and. SCIEN T IFIC.—ORN A MENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, and Dining-room, consisting of anew and elegant assortment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Inkstands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights; &c., in Italian,Alabas ter, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mineralogist to her Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCHOLOGY, and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. ' PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNAN r, at 149, Strand, W.C. EDMOND S. STMES, Chairman. 142, Strand, London, W.C. REDUCTION OF TEN POUNDS PER TON • In the price of T HOR-LEY' S FOOD FOR CATTLE On and after the Ist of April, 1860. Barrels ctg 448 Feeds, wg nett 1121b5., with measure, 40s each Cases „ 448 Feeds, ~ 1121b5., in Packets, 45s each Carriage paid to any railway station in the kingdom, Nutritives value .. £l5 Condimental value .. 125 ROYAL FREE HOSPITAL, Gray's-inn-road. This Hospital is entirely devoted to destitution in its most pitiable form, viz., that which is accompanied by sickness and disease, and is now of ■ufhcient magnitude that, with ade quate support, it may be rendered capable of admitting into its wards a very large proportion of the casual sick of this great metropolis ; moreover,-it gratuitously affords medical advice, and medicine tq more, on the average, than 2,000 out patients a week. • ' Total .. £l4O per ton. showing a profit of £lOO per ton through the use of this in valuable compound, adapted for the seasoning of all kinds of food for animals. Agents required in every town where none are already appointed. JOSEPH THORLEY, the Inventor and sole Proprietor. Offices, 77, Newgate-street, London. A Pamphlet sent free by post on application. I Contributions received by the Treasufer,Wed. Master Man, Esq., Nicholas-lane; also by Messrs. Coutts and Co. ; Drum mond and Co. ; Herries and Co. ; Ransom and Co. ; Prescott, .Grote, and Co. ; smith, Payne, and Co. ; Glyn and Co. ; Jones, Lloyd and Co. ; Barclay and Co. ; Denison and Co. ; Williams, Deacon, and Co. ; Overend, Gurney, and Co. ; Nis bet and Co., Berner's-street ; Masterman and Co. ; and at the Hospital. STANFORD S. SMITH, Sec. Post free for Two Stamps. EXTRAORDINARY DTSCOVERY of an entirely NEW THEORY of CURING DISEASE, being the recorded Experience of 30 Years' Special Practice 'in Great. Britain, France, and America—with the latest Scientific Discoveries, denominated LOCAL SELF-TREAT MENT, discovered abroad, and which is so simple that all can practise, forhimself piivately, successfully, and at the smallest cost, thus avoiding doctors' fees And their mineral poisons. The " NEW MODE " is an EXTRAORDINARY DIS COVERY for the Treatment and Self-Cure of Weakness, Debility, Nervousness, Lassitude, Depression of Spirits, Loss of Energ,y, Appetite, Pains in the Back and Limbs, Timidity, Self-Distrust, Dizziness, Want of Energy, Love of Solitude, Groundless Fears, Palpitation of the Heart, Noises in the Head and Ears, Indecision, Wretchedness, Impaired Sight and Memory, Indigestion, and Bodily Prostration of the whole system. Also. HINTS TO THOSE CONTEMPLATING MARRIAGE. In order that all classes may avail themselves of the above, the Author has not and will not allow the same to be sold, but he will forward it to those who send their address, and two stamps for pestaere. Address. thus—Wm. HILL, Esq., M.A., No. 27, Alfred-place, Bedford-square, London. GAME LIST. LONDON, MIDDLESEX, and WESTMINSTER THIRD PUBLICATION for 1859-60. LIST of PERSONS who have taken out General GAME CERTIFICATES at £1 Os. 10d. each, includino• the Ad ditional Duty of 10 par cent. under the Act of 3 Vict. c. 17. (Schedule D.) Ashdown, John, 75, Stanley-street. Berkeley. the Hon. Grantley F., Spring-gardens. Evans, Wm. Herbert, Esq., 32, Hertford-street, Mayfair. Geach, C. S., Park-street, Westminster. Hoare, Richard, The Heath, Hampstead. Jenkinson, 11. T. S., 23, Old-square, Lincoln's-inn. Moffatt, George, 28, Fenchurch-street. Nicholson, Captain Wm. Smith, 38, Chester-terrace, Regent's Park. Peacocke, G. M. W., Esq., 33. Hertford-street, Mayfair. Pocklington, Roger, Board of Trade. Russell Lord Alexr., Pall - Mall. Samuels, James, Great George-street. • - • LIST of PERSONS (not being ASSESSED SERVANTS) who have taken out the GAME CERTIFICATES at £4 Os. tOd. each, includinff the Additional Duty of 10 per • cent., un ler the Act of 3 Viet. c. 17. (Schedule C.) • Nicholls, John, Lothbury—Appointed by --, for the Manor or Royalty of Langlebury, Herts. CERTAIN RELIEF for the AFFLICTED.— Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS. and LIVER PILLS, pre pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr. Scott, of Bromley, Kent, area sure remedy for affections of the liver, indigestion, bile, sick headache, giddiness, loss of appe tite, lowness of spirits, &c. They can be taken at any time, without any danger from wet or cold, act mildly on the bowels, without pain or griping, clear the skin, remove sallowness and pimples, purify the blood, brace the nerves, and invigo rate the whole system. Sold by most druggists, in boxes, is. lid. and 2s. 9d. each. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green package, with " William Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street, ' en graved on the Government stamp. LIST of PERSONS, being ASSESSED SERVANTS, for whom GAME CERTIFICATES are taken out at £1 17s. 6d. each, including the Additional Duty of 10 per cent., under the Act of 3 Viet. c. 17. (Schedules A and 8.1 Westwood, Samuel, Castle Farm, Hefts—Appointed by Powell, Fredrick, Esq., for the Manor or Royalty of Castle Farm, Herts. LIST of PERSONS LICENSED to PEAL in G A ME. Castang, Philip, Ship Tavern-passage, Leadenhall-street. . Charles, John, 23, Queen's-terrace, St. John's-wood. Cook, Henry, Kensington. Firkins, Edmund, 27, Alexander-street, Paddington. Podmors, Wm. P, 4, Grove-terrace, Paddington. Roach, Frederick,' IS, Upper Kin. - -street, Bloomsbury. Saunders, Charles James 222, Holborn. Made up to April 5, 1860. By Order of the Board, T. SARGENT. OYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT 1- ) INSTITUTION.—The Committee of this Institution earnestly APPEAL to the public for PECUNIARY ASSIST ANCE to aid them to meet the present heavy demands on the limited funds of the Society. THOMAS BARING, Chairman. THOMAS CHAPMAN, Deputy-Chairman. 14, John-street, Adelphi, W.C. Bankers—Messrs. Willis and Co. ; Coutts and Co. ; Herries and Co. 3, GREAT MARLBOROUGH-STREET, W., NEAR THE PANTHEON. DCIJLVERWELL, Member of the Royal - 11 - , College of Surgeons, Licentiate of Midwifery , and Apo thecaries' Hall, London, can be consulted daily (only) as above, on all cases of Nervous Debility, Languor, Incapacity, Loss of Memory, Sterility, end all Functional Derangements of both Sexes, emanating from early and excessive _indul gences, [Has Just published, price Is. ; 'by post, 18 stamps,: 18 sealed, No. 4, An entire new and original Work, entitled': OURSELVES. Synopsis : The Physiology and Anatomy of our Generation = - -The Origin of Disease—Symptoms, Treatment, and Cure. Also, an Eirposition ot, and Remedy for, all Urinary Derange ments and Marital Disqualifications, MALE. ' The modern treatment of Syphilis, Stricture, Blennorrhagla ktionorrhcca), Spermatorrhma, Impotency, and all Diseases of 'he Urinary Organs, with Prescriptions, &a FEMALE. The Physiology and Anatomy of Women— Functional Ir regularities in Health and SiCkness—Choice in Marriage— Their Expectancies and Disappointments—The Cause and Removal of Sterility—The Theory and Symptoms of Gesta tion—Use of the Speculum, and the scouring of Healthy Offspring. Also, ' No. 1. HEALTH, HAPPINESS, and LONGEVITY; On Debility, Nervousness, Dyspepsia, and Indigestion, No. 2. LOVE AND MARRIAGE : ['heir Obligations, Happiness, and Disappointments ; Love and other Matches. Sterility Removed, and Healthy Off spring secured. No. 3. THE CASE BOOK : 100 Cases of SPERMATORRWEA, Their Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment, Confessions and Cure by Cauterisations, Calvanfsm, &o. &c. &a. To be bad of Mann, 33, Cornhill ; and the Authors. A dvice to the Working Classes, fee Half-a-Guinea. Inland Revenue Office, Somerset House. • PENALTIES • The Commissioners of Inland Revenue hereby give notice, a ring Game without that every person taking, killing, fi rs t obtaining* a certificate, in curs or pursuing of £2O, and is also liable to be surcharged in double Ire n a a m ty amount of the Certifi- A cate dutn person in pursuit of Game re f us i ng on being y. duly t t o ire (miredy to produce his Certificate, or to permit the same read, or a copy thereo f to be ta k e n , or refusing to declare his true name and place of residence, also incurs apenalty of £2O. Gamekeepers are desired to take notice that a Certificate at the rate of £1 7s. (id. will not authorise any person to kill Game beyond the limits of the Manor for which hei a deputed; and, in order that a Certificate at such rate of duty may pro tect a Gamekeeper, it is requisite, not only that he should be deputed by some Lord or Lady of a Manor or reputed Manor, but also that such depu tation should be registered with the Clerk of the Peace, or the Gamekeeper will be liable to be surcharged in double the Duty of £4 Os. 10d. and also to be prosecuted by any comm on informer for the penalty of 4 , ,0 . N.B.—lt is the . intention of the Commissioners Of Inland Revenue to publish in a separate List the names and resi dences of all persons surcharged in double Duty for sporting Without CeZUWAtet. No. 21,163. P ÜBLICATIONS. This Day, Foolscap Octavo, 55., H ILCOTE PARK ; or, The Sisters. k-) Author of "Likes and Dislikes." Also, Gs., LIKES AND DISLIKES. London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. NEW RAILWAY BOOKS. SEA DRIFT. By VICE-ADMIRAL ROBINSON. Coloured Wrapper, 2s 141 AIR ANI) FALSE : a TalC. By llAnta LECLERE. Coloured Wrapper, Is. 6d. London : James Blackwood, Paternoster-row. Just published, price 25., free by post, 28. 4d., SPERMATORRIICE A. By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the ON Cure — of Strictures of tlie Urethra. " The aim of the author is to present a common-sense view of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this Disease, as also to free these questions from the Professional Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of Quackery by which they have hitherto been surrounded, to the destruction of the health and happiness of thousands. Thess objects are discussed in a common-sense and highly practical manner."—Medical Circular. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street 144 pares, 70 Engravings, post free 2 stamps. COMMON SENSE in a NUTSHELL; or, ki Every Man his own Doctor. The MEDICAL ADVISER, containing rules, prescriptions, &c., for the speedy cure, by very simple means, of Spermatorrhcea, and all the more com mon diseases of the urino-genital system, which, from neglect or improper treatment, too often result in Pains in the Back, Gravel, Nervousness, Exhaustion, and Incapacity. Sent post free for two Stamps, by Dr. DE Roos, 10, Berners-street, Oxford-street. W. A New Edition of THE PHILOSOPHY OF MARRIAGE. By JOSEPH KAHN, Graduate in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery in the Royal and Imperial University of Vienna, Erlangen, &c. This popular work (which has been translated into four dif ferent languages) has now gone through 41 Editions of 10,00) each, and is designed to impart accurate knowledge on sub jects which involve the means of securing moral and physical happiness. Price Is., or post free for 12 stamps direct from the Author, 17, Harley-street, Cavendish-square, London,W. Now ready, No. XII., price Three-halfpence (to be continued weekly), THE SUNDAY TIMES' RACING RECORD AND HANDICAP BOOK. EDITED BY ALBERT FEIST. Subscribers in al! parts of the United Kingdom may have the weekly numbers and the bound parts supplied to them, post free, on the payment of one guinea per annum. THE SPRING PART OF THE SUNDAY TIMES' RACING RECORD Is Now Ready, price sixpence, post free sevenpence. It contains the Programmes for March and April ; Nomi nations for the principal races ; Derby, Oaks, and Handicap Lots ; Lists of Jockeys and Trainers, and other useful infor mation. The SUMMER PART of the Sunday Times' Racing Re cord will be published on the first of June. Published by Edmund Seale, at the Office, 103, Fleet-street, London, E,C. THE INTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. 142, Strand, London. Empowered by Act of Parliament, for LIFE ASSURANCE SURVIVORSHIPS, ANNUITIES, ENDOWMENTS, &o. DIRECTORS. EDMOND SHEPPARD SYMES, M.D., Chairman. John Elliotson, M.D.,Cantab., John Moss, Esq. F.R.S. John Symes, Esq. Henry J. Hodgson, Esq. Joseph Thompson, Esq. SECRETARY TO THE BOARD. Alexander Richardson, Esq. CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. Augustus Blondel, Esq. AUDITORS. Professor Wheatstone, F.R.S., and Professor J. Radford. Young. MEDICAL REFEREE GENERAL. J. Elliotson, M.D., Cantab., F.R.S., 37, Conduit-street. ACTUARY. W. S. B. Woolhouse, Esq., F.R.A.S., F.S.S., &C. ASSISTANT ACTUARY. Barker Woolhouse, Esq. BANKERS. Messrs. Glyn, Mills, and Co., 67, Lombard-street. SOLICITORS. Messrs. Gregory, Gregory, Skirrow, and Rowcliffe, Bedford- TOW. The next Quinquennial Division of Profits will be declared in May, 1860. Examples of Bonus up to May, 1855 : MEDICAL ADVICE. I)ILAMERT, Registered L.S.A., H onorar y Member of the London Hospital Medical Socie ty,M.TS. the University ofErlangen, Rea, may be CONS LTED on all cases of Debility, Nervousness, and en the Secret In firmities of Youth and Maturity, from Eleven till Two, and from Six till Eight, at his residence, 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON Dr. La'Mert has just published, price Sixpence, with nu merous E/IgTIMILTS and Cases, a New Edition of his Work, BELF-ria:SEItVATION, Which will be sent !fee, in a sealed envelope. by Mann, 39 Coruhill, London, or by the A uthor, for right stamps. CONTENTS. SECTION I.—The Physiology of the Generative Organs. SECTION IL—Puberty—Manhood -The Morale of Genera ive Physiology—True and False Morality. SECTION M.—Marriage in its Moral, Social, and Physical Relations—lts Expectancies and Disappointments—Advan tages of Physical Contrasts in securing Healthy Offspring. SECTION IV.—Spermatorrhma and Impotence—The causes of Sterility in both Sexes—Self-inflicted Miseries. SECTION V. -The Vices of Schools —Effects of certain per nicious habits on the mental and general faculties. SECTION Vl.—Treatment of Nervous and Generative De bility—lmpotence and Sterility—Dangerous Results of various Hazardous Specifics—The Author Treatment ; Medical, Dietetic, and General , d erived from Twenty Years' successful practice* 's Principles of The above work is intended for the perusal of those who have in early life been induced to swerve front the strict rules of morality. In its pages facts of paramount utility are brought together, wholly divested of tnc delusions and incon sistencies so largely introduced into certain quasi medical publications given to the world gratis, under the guise of philanthropy, or as "acts of gratitude," by pretended clergy men and others, whose tamparings with the oonstitutioll ,trintiently 011ywccl 49,119114 901/00934999t E 1 , 1 1 7.;\11 % '11 4.4\11:11:" - rlt I 7 7'T.1. It '3, Yv• • It — J •-* rJa ..,; .; .•!, • , • • . . , . . 10 , * Atrit A " f •I kte • • "Pi 3 Aff, ot o, . , 01 43 SHE bri• , 'l l* *'' . 2\ l(Nti ;6? tia"L . • 4., -. /1 • • r • Der4:411.Y.... there s r - Trrerii - 4';•• T r W I "t••• 7.1 Palms is • As, 4111111 1111 P. 7 • - t -rs --oßorr. " .S&• - •-•• r - .... --- PRICE 4D. STAMPED, SD. ME GUNBOAT QUESTION. The following letters have been addressed to the Editor of the in; es : _ _ Sir,—Messrs: Greer, through the Times of this morning, d-'ny that they had two vessels under construction for the Brazilian Government at the time they were building the gunboats. One or two is immaterial. I maintain they ne glected the contract entered into with the British Government to expedite a- contract entered into with the Brazilian Government. To prevent further quibble or doubt I shall ask a member of Parliament to move for copies of the correspondence and reports that took place on this subject in January, 1853. Yours obliged, M. F. F. BERKELEY. 32, Lowndcs-square, S.W., May 22. Sir,—The attention of hon. members of both ouses of Parliament has been occupied for some time in listening to speeches relatil7e to decayed gunboats. It is to be regretted that so much valu able time should have been lost in making unquali- fled aspeisions and casting unjust censure upon a body of honourable men, who came forward during the late war and put their shoulders to the wheel in order to assist Government in their efforts to bring together as speedily as possible that powerful arm of the service now under censure. During the period above alluded to the then ex isting Board of Admiralty did their best; the sur veyor of the navy and his department did their best ; the contractors, by exerting themselves to the ut most in order to carry out the Admiralty instruc tions (regardless of the consequences to their trade interests through neglecting other work in hand), did their best ; and " they do say" that the gallant Sir Charles, who so frequently and impatiently called for the Mosquito fleet, " did his best." Now, it would be far better if hon. members, in stead of uttering such unmerited censure, were to pass a vote of thanks to those who, in the hour of need, so promptly ar.d ably came forward and acted for the good of their country, especially when it is remembered that by doing so several were `ruined. In reading the speeches of some mem bers upon the work performed by the contractors, it is to be regretted that theopinions enunciated should have been based upon foregone conclusions rather than upon a knowledge of the facts, and it is really amusing to notice some of the observations made by those who are evidently at sea on dry land. Those who understand the question, and can speak un biassed upon it, well know that the gunboats were admirably adapted to the purposes for ;;hick they were built; and when an hon. member so anoma lously says in one breath that his ship leaked like a sieve, and yet, at the same time, stunk so from the retention of bilge water, the public should be guarded in receiving such statements. It should not be forgotten that the vessels on leaving the contractors' hands underwent a strict overhaul by the proper Government officers prior to being received. If the sage and veteran Admiral so energetically deplored the risk his gallant blue jackets ran when sailing in contract-built vessels, how much more must his kind heart and good feel ings have been aroused when that celebrated ship the Sidon bore them during her unsteady evolu tions ! It is to be hoped that some member of the house will call for the returns of building and alter ing that renowned craft, when, I apprehend, he will find that not even Admirals who talk of economy and cleverness in naval construction can always bring those desiderata to bear in carrying out their own designs. Those who most loudly asperse con tract-built vessels should remember that during the Lord Lovaine followed, complaining against a railway company . for having conveyed 2,000 spec tators to see a prize-fight. Lord Palmerston again took up the gauntlet. With what compunction did he not own that certainly two men who, without any ill-feeling between them or wish to kill each other, had a regular set-to were committing a breach of the peace, but amateurs who chose to look on without creating disturbance or damage were no more culpable than if they were looking at a balloon , assent ! " They go to see a sight ; they sit upon the grass ; when it is over they go quietly home, with out having given annoyance to any one." What have you got to say against them ? We have a crow to pluck with Lord Palmerston; he need not have mixed us up in the matter, and appealed, as he did, to our testimony to justify the mill between Tom Sayers and Heenan. We had al ready enough to bear of the scandal we provoked. As an example, and as a type of the love of English men for all manly exercises, we ought to have se lected Lord Palmerston himself ; for, as a member of the House of Commons observed on the same day, what endears the noble lord to his countrymen so much is, that he is a real Englishman, and loves all English national sports; and truly when we read the tribute of admiration paid by Col. Dickson to the Champion of England, we" were pnzzled is to whether it was meant for Tom Sayers or Lord Pal merston. Some surprise has been evinced that we recently drew a comparison between a prize-fight and politicalconsiderations. One of the most bigoted journals, L' A ide la Religion, has published a cor respondence from London, of which the following is an extract : "What astonishes some men is the extreme faci lity with which England at the present moment recedes and becomes the England of other days, without regard to all the trouble taken to reform her. Despite Disraeli and his paladins of Young England, despite Cobden and his bales of cotton, despite Bright and his peace theories, despite Glad stone and his vague, evangelical, humanitary ideas, the present generation backs, rears, will not advance with the age, but starts back to the days of yore. We have a striking proof of it in the recent prize fight which so scandalised the French public the other day. It is nothing more than the awakening of ' the beast' which it was attempted to smother with money-bags, but which, at a given moment, rises, stretches itself, and with a terrific roar sends the vile coin right and left, for the sole pleasure of being at ease and feeling that it is alive. What ever this disgust may cause you, I beg of you, nevertheless, to take it for what it is—a sign! the sign of how this nation is bored to death by all the ultra-civilising notions shouted into its ears for the last 15 years. Observe that Lord Lovane, in assum ing as regards the recent prize-fight the views of every well-bred man on the Continent, ran foul of the Englishman of the old school, represented by Lord Palmerston, Now, the latter, whatever faults he may have, has always shown himself a perfect gentleman in word and deed—but he is a thorough bred Englishman, an Englishman to the backbone, and by no means inclined to relinquish the popu larity he enjoys at the present moment on that very account." We aresurpricd that the journal which published this correspondence did not add comments of its own. In what condition, in fact, can a country be when one of the first claims upon it of a Prime Minister is his love of horses, as is the case with Lord Derby and Lord Palmerston ; and what can we think of a nation which on Wednesday left in the lurch Garibaldi, the Reform Bill, the Eastern Question, the Grand Turk, and everything else for Epsom Downs to ace the Derby ? long revolutionary war our great battles were fought by the brave and gallant Nelson, Duncan, St. Vin cent, and others, Mostly with contract-built ships ; constructed by men who then, as now, were always ready to co-operate with the Government when justly treated, and who built some 100 sail of the line between 1793 and 1813. The false system pursued at Hasler in hauling up the gunboats to preserve them after they had been afloat—most of them having been built in the depth of winter, and having had fires lighted to get up steam almost immediately after being launched—has long caused practical man to smile at the " experiments" of the present day. This hauling up was done, possibly, with the best inlen tion, and with no desire ultimately to reflect dis credit on the builders; but who ever heard of such a scheme bjore, and carried out on such a marshy spot ? And then boxing the boats up, and fre quently lighting fires in them to awe the machinery from becoming defective ! Why, sir, the course pursued must have made the place a perfect hotbed for unseasoned timber to vegetate and for seasoned to decay. Now, any washerwoman who through misfortune or illness is unable to wash, and who puts her tubs high and dry upon the shelf, well knows she would find them perfectly useless after a short lapse of time. Gunboats which have been in commission, and properly taken care of while afloat, no doubt would require ordinary repairs after a period of nearly seven years has expired ; but I question whether, with all the hubbub about expense, the entire cost of the necessary repairs would amount to so much as half the sum expended upon the hauling-up slip and preserving-sheds at Haslar (for which, by the way, a floating basin could have been constructed) ; or, at any rate, the cost would not exceed that of repairing vessels built in Government yards under similar limita tions as to time and timber. _ _ _ STATE OF TRADE. May I ask, sir, where all the splendid ships which constitute our mercantile marine were built, whose arrivals and departures in carrying on the corn merce of this country we daily read of in your columns, and which crowd our rivers and ports— such noble ships as those belonging to Messrs. Green, Wigram, Somes, Dunbar, Lindsay, Smiths, our great shipping companies, and a multitude of others ? Do we hear of those ships vegetating ? Are their crews running risks in going to sea in these contract-built vessels ? Do these ships usually return disabled after being only a few weeks at sea ? Arc they hauled up on hotbeds until wanted? Assuredly not ; their owners know better how to protect their property. Can the noble lords, gal lant admirals, and honourable members who speak so unguardedly of fraud having been committed imagine for one moment that the contractors who built the much-maligned gunboats, and who so anxiously pushed forward the work to serve, if not to save, their country, would risk such impeachment for the sake of a few paltry pounds ? Thieves and rogues are no doubt to be found in the public as well as the private yards, or why are policemen stationed to " stroke down" suspected men when leaving the former ? Should any such be detected in driving short bolts and trenails, or should unseasoned materials be used in time of scanty supply, are the master builders of our Go vernment yards held responsible and accused of fraud ? Would the members of both houses speak of them as they have done so unceremoniously arid unjustly of those who did their best when called upon in the hour of their country's need ? Lot full and fair investigation be made of the charges brought forward in so wholesale a manner, and I doubt not public opinion will soon crush out the malicious stigma engendered through political rather than patriotic motives.—l am, sir, yours obediently, ONE OF THE CONTRACTORS. London, May 23. NE.; :F t r, --\\ )._ (From the Journal des Den. v nothing to be hope ~,r fan S Lord . tiierston ; young Premier will die in -,#al impenitence. Has he not found the ; means-ink single sitting of the House of Commons • of committing three serious pieces of folly ? He proposed that the House should - adjourn to attend the 'Derby, he defended the system of living models, and, finally, took up the cudgels for the fight for the Championship. The adjournment of the House on the Derby-day is such a recognised fact, that Lord Palmerston might well call it one of the unwritten rules of Parliament. Usually some individual member moves the question ; this year Lord Palmerston himself, doubtless with a new lease of youth, took it upon himself. Decidedly children are out of date. Behold, on the other hand, Lord Haddo, a serious Scot, complaining that women are made to sit stark naked before the pupils of the Royal Academy, and a discussion ensues on petticoats and crinoline long enough to make us fancy we are hearing a sermon in Lent. Lord Palmerston, remembering, doubt less, that in France a bill was passed to lengthen the japes of the ballet girls, and at Naples another that the " tights" should be green instead of flesh colour, called upon his hon. colleague to bring for ward a motion on the subject to fix the state of nudity that ought to be allowed, for there is a. • minimum as well as a maximum in deshabille. The motion fell to the ground amid roars of laughter, to . the great scandal of Mr. Spooner, who hid his face in his hands. BARNSLEY.—Most lauds of strong fabrics are in good demand for the home market. The drill, damask, diaper, and sheeting departments are all tolerably active, and a good number of hands are employed on some orders recently received for window blinds. Altogether, the condition and prospects of the trade here arc satisfactory. LEEDS, MAY 22.—The cloth-halls have been rather thinly attended by buyers this morning. Prices were firm, but only a small amount of busi ness was transacted. Small parcels to fill up stocks and job lots comprised the chief kinds of purchases. There is a good deal of care manifested on the part of Eaerchants; the aspect of public affairs being in many respects of an uncertain character. Wools rule steady in price, and have an upward rather than a downward tendency. MANCILESTER, May. 22.—Our market continues much affected in prices, and there is exceedingly little business doing. The effect of the alterations in the Indian tariff and of the anomalies in the valuations of goods, of which advices were received last week from Calcutta, has been of a very serious and depressing character, and for the present there is almost a panic, os far as prices are concerned. This of course may pass away before long, as business men gradually accommodate themselves to the new state of things. It is probable, however, that the change will lead to a reduction of prices of a more permanent character, and this iesult is rapidly taking place already. Last week prices were a good deal supported by the contracts in hand; but these are being considerably reduced by merchants taking advantage of every opportunity to cancel orders where :delay of a single day occurs in delivery, from whatever accident or cause. Manufacturers not engaged are more anxious sellers under these circumstances, at a heavy reduction on the rates current three weeks ago. The advices from Cal cutta to the Ist May give the reduction there at Id. to id. per lb. on yarn and Gd. to 74d. per piece on shirtings, and this, of course, has had a bad effect here. On business for other markets the effect has been less felt ; but there is a general disposition among buyers to withhold orders which are not of the most pressing description, and prices are weaker in nearly all classes of goods. The yarn market has been very flat, and India and China qualities are id. to id. lower, other kinds being more or less un favourably affected. Messrs. John Slagg and Co. report :—" Since our last report the determination on the part of buyers to keep out of the market has become more marked. Later advices from India and China are considered very unfavourable, and there is, consequently, little or nothing doing in goods for those markets. We have made a slight reduction in our quotations, but they must be con sidered entirely nominal, as the few offers making are not sufficient to test them. There is still a moderate business doing, for the home trade, and prices are comparatively steady. Messrs. G. Fraser, Son, and Co. say The mar k e t te-day h a s been very dull through out, and prices are unsteady for India goods and yarns of all kinds (excepting extra hard twist for the Levant), and also for 9-Bths printers and shirtings. Domestics remain without change, owing to the heavy orders beforehand in the hands of manufacturers." RocnnALE, May 21.—The market to-day has been a good deal more animated than last week. Wools are even higher than they were then, and are very firmly held, so that manufacturers are demanding some advance 'for flannels and other woollen goods. If Lao prices had been acceded to by manufacturers many orders would have been given to-day, but manufacturers hung off, and most of the orders accepted were on slightly advanced terms. THE PRICE OF GOI.D.—The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par, and the short exchange on London is 25.12 l per .£1 sternl b , . On comparing these rates with the English Mint price of £3 17s. 101 d. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is about 2-10ths per cent. dearer in Paris than in London. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 422% per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13.4 per £1 sterling. Standard gold at the English Mint price is therefore nearly at about the same price in London as in Hamburg. The course of exchange at New York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is about 1091 per cent., which, when compared with the Mint par between ;the two countries, shows that the exchange is slightly in favour of England ; and, after making allowance for charges of transport and difference of interest, the present rate leaves a small profit on the importation of gold from the United States, RANGOON AND SINGAPORE TELEGRAPH. The telegraph cable of 1,200 miles to be laid be tween Rangoon and Singapore is now being tested by a process invented by Mr. W. Reid. During the manipulation of gutta percha a great quantity of air and water is liable to become mixed with it, and in marine cables, when covered with ropeyarn and iron wire, these faults have hitherto been detected only after submersion. By the plan of Mr. Reid, however, all such defects are alleged to be certain to be discovered. A coil of gutta percha, from one mile to five, is placed in a strong cylinder that can -be made air and water tight. The first operation is to exhaust the cylinder; when a vacuum is formed a column of water is allowed to rush in and fill up all the holes and crevices formerly filled with air. The cable is in this state tested with a delicate gal vanometer and noted. A pressure is then applied equal to the pressure of a column of water the height or which is equal to the depth of the scat where the cable is intended to be laid, whether it be the Atlantic or any other. This is continued for a cer tein time, when the wire is aga in tested. On the pressure being removed another testi n g takes place, and it is affirmed that if the smallest defect in the insulating medium, or mechanical in jury , however minute and invisible to the naked eye , then exists, its detection is inevitable. The disease can accord ingly be removed or rep aired, and the manufacture proceeded with. Finally , it a pp ears that the whole testingh e fallsc able. short of ss, per cent. of expensethe oo s t forof the making t THE CATTLE TRADE.—HEREFORD, May 23.—At our St. Ethelbert's fair there was a b r i s k d emand for a ll kinds of fat stock , which realised from 7d to 70 per lb. The late genials rains have done so much good to the pas tares as to raise the value of lean stock quite £1 a-head, but of these the supply was greater than the demand. Fat wether sheep were worth rather more than 7d per lb., and u tta b f s Sid, In pigs there was not mita], doing. By the THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 24, 1860. THE PJPERMAKERS' CASE AGAIN6T FOREIGN _PROTECTION. The following letter has been addressed to the editor of the Times:—Sir,—this is the title of a document issued by the Associated Papermakers of the United Kingdom, and now in the hands of the members of the House of Commons. It sets forth is a concise and simple form the peculiar position in which the trade is placed with reference to its material, and its relative position as compared with the paper trade on the continent of Europe, and it also points to the inevitable consequences that must ensue should the Legislature adopt the proposal of the Government to abolish the import duty on foreign paper, unless accompanied by an equally free import of foreign rags. lam perfectly aware of the repugnance which exists in the minds of many well-meaning people to any proposal which appears to interfere with the abstract theory of free trade, and with that feeling I have as strong a sympathy as most men ; but the true nature and character of a thing are not to be altered by arbi trarily and. unreasoningly applying to it a name that does not belong to it ; and the complaint which we make is not that we are about to be subjected to the operation of free trade, but that we are on the eve of seeing our trade annihilated in favour of foreign protection in its most aggravated form, in order that certain particular interests in this coun try may benefit thereby. We are willing at any moment to adopt the principle and practice of free trade as we find it in operation in every other branch of manufacturing industry ; but we are not willing to see our trade transplanted to foreign countries 'for' the benefit of foreign papermakers, who are protected from all competition both as to the paper they make and the material they con sume ; we object, we say, to be thus sacrificed for the advantage of one special trading interest at home —namely, the cheap newspapers, who, under the specious pretext of free trade, are anxious to buy cheap paper, though they know that its cheapness is the result of the very worst form of protection abroad. As Englishmen we claim equal privileges with the rest of our fellow-countrymen ' • we ask but to be placed under the same laws, to be subjected to the same influences, and if under the same circum stances we fail in the race of competition we will abide the consequences ; and we protest against this attempt to conciliate a small, though powerful body by the sacrifice of a whole manufacturing community by a species of legislation that no Government would dare to apply to any one of the great trading interests of the country. When this measure of confiscation was first pro posed we were willing to believe that it originated in ignoranca of the conditions under which the paper trade is placed, from the peculiarity of the material on which it is based and the deficient sup ply under which we labour as compared with con tinental nations ; and we felt sure we had only to put our case as it really exists before the Govern ment to insure an immediate withdrawal of the measure. We were justified in this belief by the speech of the Chancellor of the Exchequer on the introduc tion of his Budget. He then dwelt with evident satisfaction upon the benefits which his proposal would confer upon the trade of papermaking ; and he especially congratulated the House of Commons upon the prospect of seeing those rural mills revivi fied which had in times past furnished employment to large numbers of people in agricultural districts, but which had fallen to ruin under the baneful influence (as the right hon. gentleman said) of the Excise'duty. We knew that these Arcadian mills which formed the subject of the Chancellor's lament had fallen before a power more potent and per manent than the Excise laws; but we, nevertheless, believed that, however erroneous the right hon. gentleman's conclusions might be, his aim and purpose were to do good ; and that if it were shown to him that, instead of good, evil would follow the adoption of his proposal, he would no longer per sist in it. In this belief we attempted to lay our case before the Government ; I say " attempted," because, with the exception of the patient and courteous hearing which Lord Palmerston gave to us a short time ago, we have had no opportunity of having our case fairly and deliberately considered by those members of the Government who arc directly responsible for the introduction of the men sure. Nothing has surprised me more than the want of consideration which has been shown to us by the Government in legislating upcn a subject so closely affecting our interests. So long as we were called upon we fulfilled the duty imposed upon us of col lecting a large amount of the national revenue, and when it was determined to dispense with our ser vices by abolishing the Excise duty we did not pre sume to offer an opinion, we raised no objection, nor have we in any way offered the slightest ob stacle to the free course of legislation on the sub ject. Having derived no benefit from the office, we did not care how soon we were relieved from the responsibilities. But if the paper duty had been from the begin ning levied for our especial benefit, and we had been pocketing thh whole revenue derived from it, we could not have received worse treatment at the hands of the Government than that which we have experienced. Every proposal on their part has been characterised by the most flagrant injustice, and our representations have been met in a spirit of utter indifference to our just rights and interests. Having failed where we ought to have succeeded, we have appealed to the House of Commons, not for protection against foreigners—for I believe that no foreign despot, had he the power, would pro pose a measure so glaringly unjust as that with which we are threatened—but we ask for protec tion against our own Government, who, under some strange infatuation, or in deference to some power they cannot resist, are seeking to obtain the sanc tion of the Legislature to a measure as novel in its principle as it is unparalleled in the extent of the injury it is calculated to inflict. It is said that the cry of danger to English interests has always been raised whenever it has been proposed to bring them into open competition with foreigners, and, the re sult having proved the groundlessness of such ap prehensions, they will in like manner prove equally so in our case. The danger of such abstract reasoning based upon abstract theories, when applied to legislation, was never more plainly illustrated than in the proposi tion of the Government. To have the same results the conditions must be equal, and if such were the case we should desire nothing better than to be subjected to the same influences. We ask for no favours, no pampering, or protect ing ; we ask to be placed in the same circumstances and subjected to the same rules and regulations under which the free trade contest is carried on by all other trades. But are the conditions under which we are called upon to meet foreign competi tion in our own market similar to those of other trades who boast of their ability to meet the compe tition of the world ? There is the whole question ; now let us make the comparison. Every other manufacture is based upon a raw material, the grower or producer of which gets a profit on its production. There is thus established a sympathetic action between the producer and the consumer; demand under these circumstances will infallibly induce a supply. The material of the papermaker is, on the con trary, a refuse, the involuntary consequence of other operations;. it is produced not only without profit, but at a loss to the producer. Instead of sympathy between consumer and producer, their interests are in antagonism, the one being desirous of lessening the quantity of that which the other requires in abundance; demand, under such circumstances, is inoperative to produce a supply. All other trades have free access to the market of the world for their raw material. The papermaker is confined to the refuse arising in his own country, and for that he is subject to competition with the Americans, who are protected by a 24 per cent. import duty against all competi tion in paper. We are debarred access to every European State, the only available foreign source from which we could derive a supply, by prohibitory laws forbid ding the export of rags, or by heavy export duties equal to 25 per cent, upon the cost of the manufac tured article. Every other trade meets its foreign competitor on equal terms as to cost of material. The material of the English papermaker is 50 per cent. dearer than that of his foreign rival, who en joys an abundance artificially produced, and an equally artificial cheapness, in which he is protected from all interference by these prohibitory and re strictive laws as to its export. Such are the relative conditions of the English paper trade compared with all other branches of native industry, and compared, also, with the paper trade abroad; and, under these disadvantages, the English maker is to be called upon to maintain a contest for the trade of his own country with his continental rivals. British skill and industry is a famous horse, and in every fair field he will hold his own; but he may be over weighted. ,He cannot run a successful race, even though his competitor be of inferior breed, with one leg tied up ; he may as well retire from the contest. And to call this free trade, fair competition, or anything having any pretence to be called justice or fair play, is but an attempt to practice on our credulity. If I have not been dreaming all my life, free trade is a principle of exchange in harmony with the laws of God as developed in the laws of nature ; so that when ♦ar anything can be produced, whether by the accident of climate, the superiority of the soil, the greater skill of the people, or from any other natural cause whatever, in greater abundance or at less cost than elsewhere, that commodity should be allowed to flow freely to all parts of the world; and if from any natural cause paper can be made elsewhere cheaper than in England, by all means let us receive it. But is an export duty on the material of foreign countries a natural cause ? Is this free trade, or is it not protection ? That the foreign paper maker has a clear advan tage over the English maker in the lower price of his material, equal to 25 per cent. on the cost of the paper, is proved by the fact that foreign paper is now imported into this country, and can successfully compete with us, although there is a differential duty in favour of the English maker of ld. per lb. ; and in corroboration of this statement, I subjoin a copy of a letter from one of the largest wholesale stationers in London : " London, May 1. " Dear Sir,—ln answer to your inquiry, we are buying foreign papers which, after paying 21d. per lb. duty, are brought to this market at a lower price than the English makes can be purchased at. The foreign makers have ex pressed their readiness to increase their power to any ex tent required. " It will be impossible for the English makers to com pete with them unless we have free importation of foreign rags. " Yours truly, ti ." Such being our position, where are we to look for the means of meeting this threatened competition ? To suppose that the profits of the trade will admit of a reduction in the price of paper of 20 to 25 per cent. is too absurd to require any notice, further than this, — that I believe there is no trade in this country that has made a more meagre return for the capital and industry employed than the paper trade. It is not true, as has been insinuated by some portion of the press, that we are asking for protec tion against the natural advantages possessed by the foreigner in the lower price of labour and the lower rents in those countries ; these, though not inconsiderable, are among those natural causes to which, on the principle of free trade, we do not object, and it is neither fair nor honest to ascribe to us"moiives which we have uniformly and constantly disclaimed. The whole cost of rent and wages is a bagatelle compared with the differential value of material, and it is because this differential cost is obtained by protective laws, and not by natural causes, that we object to, and avow our inability to meet, an open competition with continental makers. We are told, with an audacious effrontery which is perfectly wonderful, that the supply of home material has hitherto kept pace with the demand for paper ; and this statement is made in the face of the fact that during the last 16 years our pur chases of foreign rags have doubled ; and we are at this moment buying from continental States which are to be our future competitors 15,000 tons of rags at a cost to us of £300,000, and which they can manufacture into paper at a cost to themselves of £165,000, the difference being the export duty of £9 per ton. Well, then, it is said, though the effect of the free import of paper may be injurious in the first in stance, it will, in common praseology, " right itself;" the process being that by depression at home and a rise abroad (as the effect of the English demand for paper) prices will become equalized. Theoretically and under the operation of free im ports of material, this would be true, but we have shown in the " case" presented to Parliament that under the present system of export duties on mate rial such a result is impossible. The first obstacle to this process will be found in the American demand, which, though it may not appear large, 2,074 tons of English rags having been exported last year to that country, is. still quite sufficient to act upon the market and keep up the price, where the whole is always a deficient quan tity, and with a 24 per cent. tariff against the im portation of all foreign paper, the Americans can well afford to pay a higher price than we can. We have shown that the continental States ex- ' port 35,000-tonsof rags, 15,000 tons of which come to this country, and 20,000 are exported to America. The immediate effect of a free importation of paper would be at once to paralyse our home trade. The displacement of English paper would necessarily tend to depress the price of material. The Ame ricans would then discover that it was to their advantage to supply themselves from England en tirely, where they have free access, rather than go to the Continent and purchase rags subject to £9 per ton export duty. The continental makers would thus have placed at their disposal the whole of the rags that had been previously exported, amounting to 35,000 tons, or one-half of the whole quantity required for the manu facture of white paper in this country, and hence they could and would supply one-half of all the white paper consumed in this country without trenching upon the supply of material required for their home trade, and, therefore, without in the least degree affecting the price of their own market. It is Very Curious and paradoxical to see that the course of legislation which is now proposed, and which it is said will be, if not actually beneficial, only temporarily injurious, would be precisely the course which would be adopted if the object were to exterminate the trade. I suppose this is done upon the hommopathic principle, that what will kill will cure. If the Government desired to uproot the paper trade, what would they do ? They would first as certain its actual condition, and they would find it a struggling, though thriving trade, making but a very moderate return for the capital and industry employed. They would find it peculiarly placed with regard to material, experiencing a constant difficulty in procuring a supply. They would then invite all neighbouring States to come and purchase from this deficient quantity. In the next place, they would endeavour to prevent a supply coming from any other source, by inducing foreign Go vernments to prohibit the export of their material ; and, finally, they would admit all foreign manu factured paper free from duty ; this done, I say, if cause and effect have not deserted each other, the work of destruction, as far as human power could effect it, would by these means be accomplished. We should thus be in a position of a nation having retired from the business of paper-making, prefer ring to obtain our supplies from abroad, and selling our own production of material to our neighbours. A more iniquitous course, or one bettor calculated to effect the object, could not be conceived ; and yet this is what the Government are prop sing to do with reference to the paper trade of this country under the name of free trade. The question suggested by the foregoing case is a momentous one, and ought to claim from all a calm and dispassionate consideration, not only as a matter of justice to the individual interest, to whieh a new theory is about to be applied, but as indicating to foreign States what may fairly be taken as our national policy, and one upon which they will not be slow to act. We are asked by her Majesty's Government to adopt a course with regard to the paper trade which implies an entirely new reading of the theory of free trade, the principle involved being equally ap plicable to every manufacturing interest in this country that is in any degree based upon a raw material obtained from a foreign source.; The question is this—Are we, as a manufacturing and commercial nation, prepared to lay down the principle that foreign nations may levy export duties upon their raw materials, or give a bounty on the export of their manufactured articles, and calculate upon our admitting them, under any and all circumstances, to this country duty free ? According to this doctrine, America may levy an export duty on her cotton, Germany on her wool, France upon her leather, Russia upon her flax, and we are to admit the manufactured cloth of America, the woollen fabrics of Germany, the gloves and shoes of France, and the linens of Russia duty free to this country. I do not pretend to possess more than the ordi nary penetration given to ordinary mortals, and least of all do I desire to speak in the spirit of pro phecy, but it seems to me that no more dangerous precedent could be conceived or established by the worst enemy of the industrial arts of this country. I am, sir, yours, &c., THOMAS WRIGLEY. Cox's Hotel, Jermyn-street, May 20. Loss OF LIFE AT SEA.--LIVERPOOL, May 21. a man The Baltic, hence at lost New York, on the 27th u lt., i n l a t. 45 N., k e & 50 fell , named Henry White, over board.oW., math° maintopsail y ar d, an d was d rowne d. Linehans, seaman, of London, whil e i n th e act of hooking th e foreshcet of the E. C. Scranton, from Havre, —James o ng long. l at New York, on the hulasllt fell overboard, and was lost. —J o hn King, of Port gow, seaman, while engaged stowing the foresail, fell from the foroyard to the topgallant forecastle'of the Bushire, from Glasgow, at New York, and from thence overboard, and was lost. It was blowing heavily at the time, and the ship being under close-reefed topsails : 09R1449t Was 444' ATLANTIC,' TELEGRAPH CABLE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. respectfully ask the favour of being al lowed to make a few remarks on behalf of the At lantic Telegraph Company in reference to some statements which have recently appeared, wherein it has been erroneously set forth in the interest of hostile individuals that the Atlantic telegraph is an entire failure owing to its great length; that the cable submerged between Ireland and Newfound land is 3,000 miles in length, and that the researches of scientific electt icians have recently tendcd to show the impossibility of establishing a direct line from Valentia to Trinity Bay, and of working so great a length at a profit if established. The Atlantic cable, it is true, is (for the present) incapable Af being worked; but the scientific ques tions involved in its origin and submersion have been fully solved, and the important uses to which it ministered while in working order have rendered the establishment of a transatlantic telegraph a necessity. The whole difficulty even now arises from the simplest of causes—a fault in the insula tion (unperceived before the submersion of the ori ginal cable) has gradually increased to a magnitude which has arrested all communication ; but this is an accident which might have happened to any other cable, and if it can be raised and repaired there is nothing special or peculiar in the nature or length of it to prevent its restoration to perfect working order. There is nothing that should be designated " failure" in this. The accomplishment of all works of great magnitude is gradual, and it is accorded to very few to achieve success.so early as the Atlantic Telegraph. There is no intention to abandon the undertaking; the time that has been afforded for further experiment and examination has sufficed to show that perfect facility exists for the safe and per manent and remunerative establishment of telegra phic communication between Ireland and America. As the next cable across the Atlantic, no mat ter by what route it may be laid, must be much more costly than the original one, if constructed in accordance with the scientific principles now universally admitted to be desirable, and as the public will certainly not subscribe again to such an object unless the risks are shared with them by Government, it has been determined in the first instance to attempt to restore communica tion through the original cable during the present srmmer, and an expedition has already been sent out for that purpose, There is reason to hope that in the deepest water through which the cable is laid the insula tion is quite perfect ; and, as to the chances of being able to lift it, experience has now shown that cables can be recovered in very considerable depths with much greater ease and safety than heretofore was thought possible. Nor has the ten dency of any scientific fact in relation to the first Atlantic cable been such as to shake the confidence of telegraphic electricians in the practicability of a direct line between Ireland and America, or in its permanent and efficient working. On the contrary, the laying of the present cable and its success have given an extraordinary stimulus to electric studies and the laws of electrical conduction. Induction and retardation are now becoming so well and clearly developed that there would be no lack of electricians of the highest scientific position who would undertake to work the existing cable con tinuously at a very handsomely remunerative speed if it can be once again restored to order. It has been asserted that the Atlantic cable is 3,000 miles long. This is very inaccurate. Its total length, including slack, does not exceed 2,050 miles ; and, as a want of exactness on this point, which has been set forth in connection with the supposed advantages in favour of the Danish route, may deceive the public as well as injure the At lantic Company, I trust I may be allowed to annex for comparison the distances and advantages by the two routes, irrespective of geographical and nauti cal considerations : Br THE ATLANTIC COMPANY'S ROUTE. Miles. Land line, all constructed and working, London to Valentia, not exceeding Sea line, including slack cable 2,050 BY TIIE DANISH ROUTE. 2,650 Miles. 653 London to Inverness Inverness, across the Sutherlandshire mountains, to Cape Wrath Cape Wrath to Faroe Faroe to Iceland 3OO Across Iceland Iceland to South Greenland... .. Across Greenland Greenland to Labrador Over the unexplored country of Labrador, by the nearest route, to join the American system, at ___ _ least 3,478 Add 15 per cent. of slack to the sea portions of the line .. 295 3,773 To work this line of nearly 4,000 miles at any re munerative speed would require relays at each broken point,—in all not less than 14 sets of relays to be worked in synchronous connection, each with each. These continuous sections, owing in a great degree to their circuitous course and their constant change of position in reference to the magnetism o the earth—the first links being south to north, then east to west, and, lastly, north to south,—would more than in any other quarter of the earth, and in a greater ratio than any direct line, be subject to the adverse influences of earth currents, magnetic storms, aurora borealis, the chance of accidents, and other disturbing causes, always more incident to long and frequently broken circuits, and any one of which would destroy for days the synchronous working of the relay system, and reduce the opera tion at best to one of slow and tedious repetition from station to station. The statement, therefore, that the minimum, or even the average speed, through a circuit of such a character would be any thing like 20 words a minute is, to say the least, a very bold assertion. But by the Atlantic cable a message would leap at one bound from the Old World to the New, and could be transmitted at the rate of 20 words per minute, if necessary, through a new cable con structed in accordance with the advanced state of science. It would also find at Newfoundland direct wires and special facilities for its transmission on wards with the greatest attainable rapidity. The whole question of deep sea telegraphy has, however, during the past eight months been under careful investigation by a committee appointed by the Government for that purpose. Every gentle man whose position and experience enabled him to afford information has been examined. Experi ments have been conducted with a view to clear up important points, and the result verbatim will be shortly laid before Parliament, and will illustrate the perfect practicability of deep and long sea tele graphs. My only object in these remarks has been to place the Atlantic Telegraph Company in its fair position, as an earnest and original labourer in a great and well-considered work, and to remove as far as pos sible the injurious impressions which have been created by depreciatory, but inaccurate statements. I hope especially that it will be understood that these remarks do not arise out of any spirit of hos tility to an efficient survey of the Northern Atlantic or any other telegraphic route. On the contrary, the Atlantic Telegraph Company itself some con siderable time since applied to the Government on the subject of further ocean surveys, and it is only a feeling of deep interest in the ultimate and per manent connection of England and America by telegraph which induces me to observe while upon this p9int that if her Majesty's Government does consent to incur the expense of making Arctic or other surveys, great care should be taken that those surveys are made in a perfectly independent and complete manner, and that the results should be accessible for the benefit of the whole world. I would further remark that any survey of the Greenland coast, with the view to ascertain its capabilities as a cable station, would not be at all conclusive or satisfactory if it does not embrace at the very least eight or nine months' resident exami nation of the coast, both on its eastern and western sides ; as the practicability of that route for tele graphic purposes must depend, not merely upon the bare possibility of laying a cable there during one particular month in a Greenland summer, but upon the probability of its remaining intact during the stormy seasons, and the facilities for rapidly repair ing it when broken.—l am, Sir, yours truly, GEO. SAWAItD, Secretary of the Atlantic Telegraph Company. 22, Old Broad-street, May 19. THE GROWING CROPS. The weather since Saturday has been fine and warm, and a heavy continuous ground rain having fallen on the 12th and 13th, the growing crops have greatly improved in appearance in Norfolk and Suffolk. Wheat, which in some districts looked thin and unhealthy, has made a start; and barley and oats have MO advanced rapidly. The improvement has pervaded the €.4- tire vegetable world, and the promise of fruit is abundant. A Worcestershire letter states that in that county it is likely to bo " dirt cheap," 'lour ,and Peas , one arty been o re- not weep 'guts )lack ause nity lows as in Is.— and ising ies of such cons, ; the will t and its to ) the toed ; I the rest- lan- rrey, ;hel reet, 3nry Isea. thur ,rriet actor rset, deu- near use, ark, Lies- rk e, gG 112, v of