The Sun. — London, England, 1860-06-21 00:00:00

... \ ~,. 0 aelles, did not interfere with his having actually bargained for Nice and Savoy, and his actually I seising them by a ludicrous sham suffrage. We are not now raking up accusations, we are simply weighing in the politician's balance the business done at Baden-Baden, and we affirm that so far as related to . the giving soothing assurances to Ger many, it must be wholly nugatory. If on the other hand, in the short hour said to have been conceded character, as an " unadorned" diplomatist ! With out insisting upon the application to Mr. COBDEN'S diplomatic skill of the poet THomsoN's dictum about beauty, when declaring it to be while "unadorned adorned the most"—we must confess that it does appear to us in the highest degree probable that people, on this side of the Channel at least, will henceforth pray most earnestly that the professional diplomatists, no matter how many ribbons may cross their breasts, or how many stars may glitter there in con trast to the gay colours, may henceforth be left to themselves. Without regarding the noble lord as by any means at the top of his high profession — we are satisfied that Lord COWLEY (had he but been entrusted with the negotiations) would have made a far better bargain than that which has been struck (a bargain that is absolutely as yet no bar gain at all) by the hon. gentleman for Rochdale — A very good man, no doubt, but a bad Diplomatist. to the EMPEROR by the KING, anything was dis cussed parallel with the long-standing secret en gagement with Sardinia in regard to " natural boundaries" on the Alps, that was real business, and many parties may find it out to have been so in due time. No one, however, can tell whether the un enthusiastic REGENT may not have spent his share of the time in shewing more or less plainly, that Europe could not make any further approach to wards the Map Imperial for 1860. But what means the devoting of fifteen sections of the twenty of M. ABOUT'S pamphlet to the praise, the instruction, and the warning of Prussia. Why is it so elaborately proved that Austria ought not to lead, and cannot lead Germany ; that Prussia can unite and lead her, but that Prussia has acted very unworthily of her opportunities, and must mend her ways ? Why are the villanous intrigues of the Prussian police with a London democratic committee discussed at such length ? And why are such pains taken to show that Prussia ought to aim at uniting all Germany in constitutional Go vernment, and at obtaining a universal suffrage of the people, conferring the Crown on the King of PRUSSIA. There can hardly be a doubt of the drift of all this. It represents Louis NAPOLEON to all the peoples of Germany as the patron of their liberties against their present rulers. The EMPEROR well knows, he saw it, indeed, plainly enough in Italy, that peoples will rise only for, at least, constitutional liberty. If he can create a ferment whidh shall render it desirable, almost necessary, as in Italy, for a native King to accept the offered crown of the self-liberated States, then he may, as he did in Italy, disregard the mnis•colouring of the Map for 1860, so far as the natural boundaries of France are concerned ; he may turn to a German King and Parliament across the Rhine, and say, as he did to those across the Alps,—" Under the auspices of France you entered on the path of Independence and Liberty !" How will they be able to resist the appeal—like Piedmont, they may be reluctant, but [an aggrandised monarch, and his liberated people, will feel compelled to vote for France, by acclamation, "the left bank of the Rhine." The Encomia at Oxford is the occassion annually of a grand academic Charivari. Yet the uproar ringing from the undergraduates gallery in the old Sheldonian theatre, before the actual ceremo nies incident to this yearly Commemoration of Founders and Benefactors cannot certainly be deemed without its significance. It is the Youth of England that through all that noise and tumult of sounds gives utterance to its more generous sympathies and its more hearty dislikes, to its antipathies, and its predilections. Doctor JOHNSON, who loved a good hater, would have listened yesterday with some degree of complacency, could he but have been present in the flesh, to the alternate groans and cheers that greeted the names of those most popular or the reverse among the alumni of the University. Judging from the plaudits yesterday accorded to the names of the Rev. BRYAN KING and others, Puseyism still seems in the ascendant among the Oxford un dergraduates. Yet they had hearty cheers too, for the " Rev. CHARLES KINGSLEY," the type mad champion of what is rather extravagantly and even anomalously called Muscular Christianity. Is there not a significance, we ask, in the fact, that "Mr. GLADSTONE'S name, frequently given, was always quarrelled with, and seemed distasteful to the generality"—Mr. GLADSTONE, of all men in the United Kingdom, but yesterday, not only what he is, still M.P., but the pride, and boast, and paragon of the University of Oxford ! Again " the present Ministry," we hear from the reporter, "raised a long and close struggle between groans and cheers"—a similar treatment being awarded to "the Bishop of OXFORD" and our leading morning contemporary. There is something refreshing— like a shout from the playgrounds—in hearing of the cordial sheers given for Torn Brown's School Days, that heartiest of recent contributions to our light literature. What conclusions, besides, may not there be drawn from the peculiarly effective cry raised by one arch wag in the gallery —whose whimsical demand of " Three cheers for everybody except JOHN BRIGHT !" called down a thundering storm of acclamations. The occasion of this encmnia at Oxford yesterday was rendered pecu liarly interesting by the conferring of the honorary degree of D.C.L., among others, upon Captain Sir FRANCIS LEOPOLD ITCLINTOCK, R.N., and upon the Right Hon. HENRY Lord BROUGHAM and VAUX, Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, and sometime Lord High Chancellor of Eng land. Who will wonder that the gallant Com mander of the Arctic yacht Fox should have been welcomed by an ovation (as he was) by the undergraduates, and even by the other less demonstrative spectators ! Still less, if possible, will any one marvel that the veteran lawyer, orator, statesman, and philosopher should have been greeted (as he also was in his turn with a peculiar degree of enthusiasm. " One loud and ring ing round of applause followed another," the reporter writes, " so that it was some time before Dr. Twiss could be heard at all while descanting upon the learning, great ability, andsocial qualities of this great promoter of education amongst all classes." Such are a few among the more salient incidents noticeable down at Oxford University in this year's Commemoration. LATEST -" The Mr. CARLYLE once dubbed Mr. COBDEN—' Political Bagman." And a melancholy justification of this ironical soubriquet is certainly being afforded at this moment by his anomalous position at Paris as a sort of a supplementary semi-official, un titled, half-recognised mercantile plenipotentiary. It is a wretched spectacle altogether—this hag gling over the sous and centimes in a back street of the French capital—this thrifty, parsimonious, flint-skinning process of looking after the half pence now that we have let not merely the pounds but the millions sterling look after themselves. Here is England fresh from the folly of giving up everything, of emptying her purse, as it were, to the whole world—now endeavouring to wring from France (in the name of the French alliance, for sooth !) some trumpery reciprocation of advantages by way of compensation ! Nothing of the kind is attempted to be done in regard to other foreign Powers—such as Spain and Portugal. To the vine growers of the Iberian peninsula we have thrown open our ports as frankly as we have done to the claret manufacturers of the south of France. Yet it is to the French Government alone that we are now making these urgent: advances, through our extra-ordinary and undecorated diplomatist the member for Rochdale, by way, of course (indeed avowedly), of improving our friendly relatiops with our immediate neighbours. Seeing that no similar demands whatever for anything like a reciprocation of these advantages are being made just now for example, upon Spain or Portugal—our Imperial ally, with a vivid appreciation of these distinguishing favours on our part, might certainly be disposed to ejaculate "Save me from my friends." The reflection cannot but force itself upon one so astute as the reigning EMPEROR that France in this matter is expected to pay thus in small coin for the mere hollow pretenee of this alliance. How " hollow " it is felt to be on both sides of the Channel we may recognise clearly through more than one glaring indication. Yonder, not merely in the fact of NAPOLEON keeping up in a time of peace, an army of from 600,000 to 700,000 men—but more particularly from his continual augmentation of a gigantic steam fleet, altogether disproportioned to the coast defences or the colonial requirements of the French Empire, and in fact only serviceable upon the contingency of a war with the greatest maritime power in the world! Here—the tokens of this profound sense of the in security of the Anglo-French alliance, in the esti mation of all intelligent Englishmen, are visible in characters so legible that " he who runs may read." They are recognisable in the very numerals making up the aggregate of the vast sums recorded in the Budget of our Chancellor :of the Exchequer— £ls,ooo,ooo for our maritime armaments, £15,000,000 for our military armaments, altogether £30,000,000 in a year of peace for the support of our war establishments—actually close upon one entire moiety of our monstrous annual expenditure of £70,000,000 ! The same consciousness of the hollowness of this vaunted French alliance has summoned together under the banners of the Crown —has spontaneously called together in the name of the QUEEN and of the country 100,000 armed civilians —those loyal and patriotic bands of Rifle Volunteers, a considerable proportion of whose aggregate number will on Saturday next be reviewed in Hyde Park by the SOVE- Yet further—it is this now almost universal feeling as to the necessity of the alliance that is about to supplement the demand upon the year of £30,000,000 for the maintenance of our sea and land forces, by a more significant demand still for £11,850,000, or at the very least for £8,000,000 or £10,000,000, for the rapid de velopment and completion of our system of coast fortifications. And it is while we are yet in the midst of this warlike solicitude, and of what (but for the object held in view) we might almost designate, with some degree of truth, this profligate expendi ture—it is at this most inopportune moment, when we have just swept away the last barriers at our ports, that we have Mr. COBDEN yonder haggling over the halfpence in Paris ; trying in a manner not the most dignified in the world to extort from the reluctant authorities in France some small, almost infinitessimal, return to us in the name of Free Trade !—in the name of Free Trade !--but really in the interests of that anti thesis to Free Trade, the old world cause of Recip rocity ! The late Sir ROBERT PEEL nobly profferel his tribute of praise to the great Free Trader, when attributing the main part of the success of the then recent agitation for Free Trade to Mr. COBDEN'S "ur adorned eloquence." The member for Birmingham must needs travesty the expre4ion not long since, when expatiating with a somewhat precipitate enthusiasm upon the new successes achieved by Mr, COBDEN, ill his later ZEIGN. THE ) TSUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 21, 1860. NEWS. Thn following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : CAGLIARI, JUNE 20. Colonel Medici, with 3,000 volunteers, has ar rived at Palermo. Considerable forces will leave to-morrow for Messina. Important desertions from the Neapolitan army have taken place. CAGLIARI, JUNE 20. All the communes in Sicily have presented ad dresses requesting annexation to Piedmont. The clergy and aristocracy are at the head of the movement. The evacuation of Palermo continues ; but Mes sina is being fortified. One hundred more dead bodies have been dis discovered in the ruins of the houses of Palermo which were destroyed by the bombardment. Carini, Manin, and Palezzolo are recovering. BADEN, WEDNESDAY EVENING. According to reliable information the final Con ference between the Prince Regent and the Ger man Sovereigns before their departure has brought about a decisive agreement on those questions which refer to the relations of Germany with foreign countries. PARIS, THURSDAY. generals I The Constitutional, in an article signed by its chief editor, M. Grandguillot, strongly refutes the opinion that the pamphlet entitled "Prussia in 1860," emanated from official inspiration. At a Council of Ministers, held yesterday at Fontainebleau, under the Presidency of the Em peror, M. Thouvenel, Minister for Foreign Affairs, read the circular note which the French Govern ment is about to address to the Powers who have signed the final act of Vienna, in order to demand their recognition of the new settlement of the French frontiers, resulting from the accomplished fact of the annexation of Savoy and Nice to France. This note summarily recalls the circum stances under which the annexation was accom plished, viz., the spontaneous cession of those provinces by the King of Sardinia and the free expression of the wishes of the inhabitants by universal suffrage. M. Thouvenel expresses his confidence that such an act, accomplished in conformity with the generally admitted principles of public right and international laws, will obtain the adhesion of all Europe; the more so because France is ready to renew before the European Areo pagus the assurance that she intends to assume the obligations resulting from Article 92 of the final Act of Vienna, referring to the neutralised districts of Faucigny and Chablais. The note then proceeds thus—The good faith of the policy of France, and the friendly interest which she has always shown in regard to Switzer land, offer the best guarantees for the faithful accomplishment of such an engagement. M. Thouvenel, in conclusion, distinctly hints that the Court of the Tuileries will not consent to any lessening (amoindrisse2nent) of Savoyard territory in favour of Switzerland, although France accepts a European conference on the question. The circular note of M. Thouvenel will be despatched this evening to London, and to-morrow to Vienna, Berlin, and St. Petersburg, for com munication by the representatives of France to the different Ministers for Foreign Affairs. This note will also be communicated to the Cabinets of Stockholm, Madrid, and Lisbon. PARIS, JUNE 20. Marshall Valliant • has arrived here. The state of Prince Jerome's health is such as to cause great anxiety. The Opinion Nationale has received a second warning for the publication of Victor Hugo's speech. The motive given is that this article contains expressions with regard to Neapolitan affairs constituting a general• and violent appeal to revolutionary passions. MARSEILLES, JUNE 20. According to advices received here from Syria, 36 villages had been burnt on Mount Lebanon. The Turkish Governor had sent some forces to Dar el Kamor, in order to put a stop to the attacks of the Druses on that locality. At Saidi, however, the Turkish soldiers are said to have supported the Druses, and to have participated in the massacre of the Christians. The French Consul at Saidi is reported to have entrenched himself within the enceinte of the Khan with all the Europeans. A French vessel was expected. Fresh advices announce the commission of mur ders and burnings by Bashi-Bazouks. VIENNA, JUNE 21. The statement that Austria is about to reinforce her flotilla in the Neapolitan waters is without foundation. . Rear-Admiral Fanlz will only sail for the Adriatic Sea, in order to exercise the crew of the newly built ship Kaiser. ROME, THURSDAY. According to official intelligence addressed from Naples to the Holy Father, no infraction of public ordcr has yet taken place in Calabria. Aci-Reale, and, besides obtaining forced supplies of provi sions, he insisted upon a contribution of 6,000 ounces, or, in default, threatened to burn the town. He succeeded in extracting 2,000 ounces. Such are the Neapolitan " On Friday afternoon a Neapolitan war steamer came in from Palermo with the Bth Sharpshooters, It had been rumoured that the troops in Palermo had capitulated; this confirmed it. The troops were to be removed as soon as practicable, and to return whence they came. Thus the Bth Sharpshooters were sent here, whence they had started. During Saturday there were rumours of disturbance having commenced in Calabria, at Monteleone, Catanzaro, and Cosenza. Towards the evening the only Neapolitan steamer of war in port began to take in troops, and left dur ing the night for Pizzo. This steamer returned yesterday, and this morning has again started with troops for the same destination. There is very little communication between this and the opposite coast, and thus more room is given for rumours. It is said . (and it is not unliaely) that a land ing has been effected in Calabria by a strong band of Italian patriots. " On Sunday, at noon, an Austrian steam frigate arrived at Palermo. The news learnt was that there were still 10,000 soldiers at the Mole waiting for steamers to embark; that, though armed, they were afraid of some of Garibaldi's bands disobeying orders and attacking them, and had ob tained from that General a guard of protection of 150 men. Thirteen military bands had deserted, and the streets of Palermo were enlivened all the day with music. The Fort of Castellamare was still occupied by the Neapolitans, who would embark, as well as those at the Mole, on the arrival of steamers, and yesterday (Sunday) they would most likely have left. Daily and numerous desertions were taking place. Ten dollars were paid to every private with arms and ac coutrements—four dollars without them. The Austrian Captain (a Venetian), expressed a supreme contempt at the cowardly behaviour of the Royal troops, and observed that if Francis 11. had no better hopes than the defence of such, he had better at once seek refuge with the Emperor at , Vienna. "Among the troops here (Messina), there aro daily de sertions, not only of privates, but of officers and sub-officers. On several occasions the sentinels on guard during the night have decamped. It is a disease that seems on the increase. This morning the Archimede, a small mercantile steamer, now in the employ of the Neapolitan Government, arrived from Naples, bringing again the celebrated Marshal Affan de Rivera, who takes command of all troops here, the late commander, General Russo, being recalled to Naples. From such a brute as Don Affan we may expect nothing but brutality. The postage stamps with the Bomba head are not any longer efficient for letters for any place out of the district of Messina. " Afternoon.—lt has leaked out from the Archimede that the Court of Naples are preparing for a run. The Royal treasures have been embarked upon two steamers that keep up their steam day and night. A telegraphic despatch has ordered Affan de Rivera to proceed to command there. Several boats have arrived from Reggio with Royalists ; nothing has yet broken out in that town, but the aspect is menacing. Any news of the defection of the troops at Mon teleone would cause a revolt. Letters by the Caradoc from Palermo state that the Neapolitan troops were being removed gradually; that two French transportshad arrived (chartered by the Government) to assist in the operation ; that Garibaldi was planting cannon against the fort of Castella mare, so that in case the garrison do not evacuate by the time stipulated, their memories may be refreshed ; that the municipal body bad been summoned by Garibaldi to decide on the fate of Sicily, and it was expected the vote would be annexation. It is said that the Government have sent emissaries to Palermo to murder Garibaldi. " The direct boat is in from Marseilles. The Neapolitan missions to the Governments of France and England, beg ging their interference, have failed. Both have refused, and have limited themselves to express their regret that their good advice had been despised. BENSO N'S WATCHES, " Perfection of mechanism."—Morning Post. Gold Silver 2to 50 guineas. Send 2 stamps fer Benson's Illustrated Pamphlet, descrip tive of every construction of watch now made, with their prices. Watches sent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for ss. extra. 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London, F.C. Established 1749. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Busketone. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with SHOCKING EVENTS. Mr. Compton. To be followed by Tllb FAMILY SECRET. Messrs Chippendale, Howe, W. Farren, Villiers, Buckstone, Mrs. B. White. Mrs. Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Wilkins, and Miss Amy Sedgwick. After which, a new tarce, entitled FITZSMYTHE OF FITZSMYTHE HALL. Messrs. Buckstone, W. Farren, and Rogers ; Mrs. Wilkins and Miss Henrade. To conclude with THE ODDITIES OF THE OHIO. By the Leclercqs. Commence at 7. YAL PRINCES S'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, will be performed THE MERRY WIVES OF WINDSOR. Sir John Falstaff, Mr. Phelps. To conclude with THRICE MARRIED. Mr. Meadows, Kiss C. Leclercq, kc. Commence at 7. A DELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, _73. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. Continued success of the popular American comic Actress Miss Julia Daly. THIS EVENING, to commence with TO PARENTS AND GUARDIANS. Messrs. Leigh Murray, Toole, Selby, Misses Simms, Kate Kelly, and Mrs. Chatterley. After which, OUR FEMALE AMERICAN COUSIN. Kessrs. Stuart, C. Selby, Billhwton, Eburne, Miss Julia Davy,K. Kelly, Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley. - - To conclude with THE BIRTHPLACE OF PODGERS. Messrs. J. L. Toole, Eburne ; Mrs. Chatterly, Miss K. Kelly. Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 till 5. Private boxes, £2 2s. ; Family Boxes, £l. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, :S. • Pit Stalls, 2..; Pit, ls.13(1. ; Amphitheatre, Is ; Gallery, 6 d. _ _ _._ Acting Manager —Mr. Wm. Smith. FRENCH PLAYS—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. Directeur, M. Talexy.—Lessee, Mr. F. B. Chattertou. M. LECLERE. THIS EVENING, UNE GRIZETTE DE PARIS : Grat toir, by M. Leelere. L'INVITATION A LA VALSE (first time, Comedie en un acte, by Alexandre Dumas : Maurice, by M. Paul Devana. LES DEUX ANDES GARDIENS: Michel, by M. Leelere. —• Orchestra Stalls, 7s. 6d. ; Balcony Stalls, ss. ; Pit, 28. Gallery, ls. Private Boxes, from Two Guineas. Commence at 8. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Psi. BATTY. New Engagement and First Appearance in London of Madlle. LEONTINE, the Renowned Equestrienne from the Cirque Imperiale, St. Petersburg. Immense Success of the Gorgeous Hippo-drama—the New and Splendid Scenery, the Magni ficent Costumes and Decorations, the intensely interesting and thrilling incidents with which it abounds, render it the most superb and beautiful production ever placed upon this stage. On Monday, June 18, 1800, and during the week, the En tertainments will commence with the Grand Historical Spectacle in Three Acts, entitled "FAIR RoSAMoND, or the AMAZON CRUSADERS." Succeeded by an unusually brilliant programme of the Scenes of the Cirque, introducing the celebrated British an l Continental Equestrian Artistes, including Madlle. LEONTINE, in their unequalled perfor mances. Concluding . with a Popular Farce. The magnificent Chandeliers manufactured by Messrs. De fries and Sons, of Houndsditch. Doors open at halt-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box. office open daily from II till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. CONCERTS, CANTERBUIt Y HALL TIES EVENING-. C. D. GOUNOD'S OPERA, FAUST. First Time in this country. Mr. Henry Herbert. __ .._ Faust Mephistopheles Mr. C. Ballard. Siobel Mrs. Anderson. Marguerite Conductor Mr. Jonghmans. And selections from Dinorah, Trovatore, Macbeth, and numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, is Hall, 6d. romlo Vocalists—Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), and W. T. Critehileld. The AFRICAN OPERA T itOUPE, their first appearance since I 85?, consisting of ELEVEN STAII PERFORMERS, who will give the whole of their inimitable entertainment every evening. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATEIEII.-SuN OFFICE, JUNE 21, NM THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 64 —highest since noon yesterday. .53 —lowest this morning and during the night. 66—this day at noon. automETEa-29.87, `VIVID—South-Westerly; fresh, with variable weather, and occasional showers. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tins DAY.—Morning, 3h. sm. —Afternoon, 3h. 28m. To-moßßow.-Morning, 3h. 50m.—Afternoon, 4h. 13m. 'fri r 4l7_?il t \ :I• 1 7- 7 • 't",x 1, t;' , ,,,! • ,1 THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, JUNE 21, 1860. It is certainly a little amusing to cast our eyes just now over the map of Europe for 1860, for the publishing of which in so elegant a style in Eng land we are indebted to Mr. E. STANFORD, of Charing Cross. A little of its work has been accom plished. Sardinia has gained the Duchies of Parma and Modena, and the Legations, but she has also ob tained Tuscany, which was not a part of the scheme, and she has obtained only Lombardy, and not Venetia also, which is coloured for her up to the Adri atic. France again has not remained within her boundaries (conserve ses limites actuelles) which was a part of the coloured plan, as was suspected at the time only co/ourab/y ; but Savoy and Nice have been proclaimed as being within her limitcs natarelles, which was not proclaimed in the map. Spain, again, has essayed to include Morocco within her boundaries for it was coloured as intended to be within them in 1860. For the rest all remains unaccomplished. England so handsomely pre sented. with Cyprus and a very broad district along the Euphrates route (her shortest route to the East Indies) ; Austria honoured with Egypt, to become the future patron of M. LESSEPS, in exchange for allowing Russia to absorb Gallicia and to rest on the national boundary of the Carpathians; Sicily, now so likely to choose her own ruler, but assigned in the map to the Duke of PARMA, while Tuscany was, ostensibly, left to its DuKE ; Denmark north of Holstein,given to Sweden—all these changes yet remain to be accomplished in 1860. But what of Prussia and beloved Vderland ? A question in regard to which we look at the map with fresh interest since the Royal gathering at Baden:Baden, to which all the sovereigns flocked with M. ABOUT'S pamphlet in their pockets, and the mysterious map also, doubtless honoured with a proper travelling case. What with map and pamphlet, we cannot wonder that the Royalties preferred to witness the meeting of the EMPEROR and the King of PRUSSIA. Some of them had been coloured half or wholly out of existence on the map ; or, chiefly at the expense of the Maho metans who were to be relegated to Asia Minor, were to be provided with new kingdoms in Eastern Europe. His Hanoverian MAJESTY who was to give up all to Prussia, and to exchange his million and a half of Germans for three millions and a half of Greeks, &c., &c.—His Royal Highness the Duke of MECKLENBURG, who was to lose half a minion of Teutons for four and a half millions of Moldavians, Wallachians, and Bulgarians the Duke of SAxE WEIMAR, who was to give a little bit of his Dukedom to Piltissia, because it is built in, as we may term it, by the modest HOHEN ZOLLERNS—these and all others having relations with the Rhine, or with Prussia, which was to swallow up some half score Royalties to round n off her territory within natural bound ar i es ," an d to cede the left bank of the Rhine to Holland and Belgium, must have felt no ordinary interest in this singular Congress. ' And yet to what did it all amount P To hearing the blandest, most pacific assurances from man whose assurances on his oath did not save the re presentatives and Liberal generals of France from seizure, a prison, or banishment, a few hours after wards ; and whose assurances to Europe, and to our own Government that France was to war for an idea only, and that she would seek no extension of territory, but as the map say&, 01260 W 868 limites TILE VOLUNTEER REVIEW. We are authorised to state that no tickets for admission to the Galleries, to witness the Volunteer Review on Saturday, can be issued from the War office after two o'clock p.m. to-morrow, the 22d instant. It is also added, for the information of the public, that each ticket will not admit more than one person. In consequence of the Review on Saturday next, the following London-bridge houses have agreed to close business on that day, at one o'clock p.m., a' the invitation of Mappin Brothers, 267 and 268 King William-street : Mappin Brothers. Evans, Son, and Co. Deane and co. Greene and Niner. M. S. Adams. J. C. Smith. Marratt and Short. Deane and Son. The lionne of the Drawing Room was decidedly Lady Crampton, better known in England as Mdllc. Vic toire Balfe. Her ladyship, in right of her husband's high diplomatic rank, had the privilege of the entree—a privilege for which peeresses of the highest rank often sigh in vain. , In the absence of Lady J o h n R usse ll , Viscountess Pal . merston presented the charming bride to the Queen. Lady Crampton was dressed all in white; a train of white moire, and a petticoat of white tulle, ornamented with bouquets of white flowers ; a diamond ornament at her waist, a diamond and turquoise ornament on a band of velvet round the throat, and a crescent-shaped diamond ornament on her forehead. These were the salient points of a simple but effective costume.—Court Journal. THE VOLUNTEER RIFLE CORPS' REVIEW.—Five hundred effective members of the Nottingham rifle corps, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Crawford, will be present at the review in Hyde-park on Saturday next. Three battalion drills of the entire corps are being per formed this week, the second of which took place yesterday evening at the Trent-bridge cricket ground. The appear ance of the men is very soldier-like, and the skill with which they go through their evolutions excites the admi • ration of experienced military men. TIIE POST-OFFICE COMMISSION.—The Commis sioners appointed to inquire into the alleged grievances of certain of the employes in the Post-office resumed their duties yesterday (Wednesday), after an interval of 12 days. The whole of the statements of the men in support of their memorials having been heard, the commissioners to day proceeded to receive the testimony of witnesses on the other side. It is expected that several days will be occu pied in thus testing the previous statements, the evidence in connection with which is very voluminous, that part of the sittings having lasted nine days. His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales has postponed the day for laying the first stone of the Art School, Vauxhall, from Monday, the 25th, to Wednesday, the 27th, at 4 o'clock. a ing ev o e f ri t in h g e ~ t,express inhabitants Newcastle s o y f ff,pthy m, iwith was held h p el n d b o i n ic T ine u e esd t Tuesday the Italian patriots i n their st ' ruggles against their oppres sors." The attendance was numerous and respectable, and the utmost unanimity prevailed. A petition for the winding up of the Australa sian Land and Emigration Company (Limited) is to be heard in the Court of Bankruptcy on the 11th of July. The tone of the Continental exchanges continues good, and a large portion of any specie that may arrive is expected to be taken to the Bank of England. VERY CAREFUL—Economical Peer (with feel ing). " Good gracious, Thompson ! haven't you men got an umbrella outside ?" Thotnpson—" No, my lord I" Peer—" Dear ! dear ! dear !—Then give me those new hats inside !"—f ranch. SUICIDE OF A LADY NEAR LIVERPOOL—The counts , coroner (Mr. Churtou) held an inquest at the New Ferry Inn, near Rockferry, on Tuesday, on the body of a lady, Mrs. Elizabeth H. Neild, who committed suicide on ntheearprßeLionulbsrrof,h-puorosdl.aylbty appeareddrowning fromhe duced that she had not been in good health some time is e thelf in evidence the a Mersey,d . pre viously, and that she had frequently threatened to drown herself. She was the wife of Mr. Henry Neild, of Ashton umler-Lyne, and had recently been living with her father, at Fort View, Egremont, on the Cheshire side of the Mer sey. For the last 18 months her mind had been somewhat :.ffected, and it was thought that change of air would re- Ni s n t c o r wa e h sFa e ei a r rc . ir hy O T . 1 eh The on h b e o d t y hv ee w r dbaiescatfeohwun,ads betweene a t h rl ; l y t o n tßh T rea u m es b d r a o y. deceasedp m o o o r l n i n g h an ad d drowned herself while temporarily insane. , MALTA. A letter from Malta, under date of the 16th of June, announces the departure thence, that morning, of the Marlborough, bearing the flag of Vice- Admiral Martin, the Commander-in-Chief; with the Queen, James Watt, St. Jean d'Acre, and Cressy, screw steamship of the line, bound to Canea, and thence to the lonian Islands and Smyrna. The Mohawk left on the 7th for Beyrout, to protect British interests, followed, on the 10th, by the Ex mouth, and on the 13th of June by the Agamemnon, for Palermo. THE INSURRECTION IN SICILY. (From the Malta Times of Jane 14). Her Majesty's despatch boat Caradoc, Lieuten ant-Commander Buckle, and the French steamer Vatican, came in yesterday—the former from Pa lermo, Messina, and Syracuse, and the latter from Marseilles, the ports of Italy, and Messina. Our latest dates arc Palermo 10th, and Messina 11th June. The following letter, containing a very interest ing summary of the latest news from Sicily and Naples, is from our Messina correspondent : " Messina, June 11, 1860. " The London and Renown passed here yester day. They signalled with the Scylla. On Thurs day afternoon the cavalry and infantry marched in from Catania, which place is now entirely free of Neapolitan troops. After the departure of these some excesses were committed by the mob on a few police who had remained behind, and on some spies, which is to be regretted ; but order has since been restored, and they are all now quiet and happy enough there. Among the reports current here is one, said to be official, but which nobody believes, that an order has arrived from Naples that Catania be re-occupied by the Royal troops— oasier said than done. General Clare, the commander of the troops at Catania, has paid into the hands of Walser and and C0.,0f this place, 28,432 ducats, for which amount he took bill, on Naples —a nice little sum for his share of the plun der of Catania, On marching from Catania, 110 Halted at CATANIA. We have received the following account of the insurrection in Catania, dated June 6 : " On the morning of the 31st of May, to the cry of ' Italy and Victor Emmanuel,' a small body of armed men attacked the Royal troops in the city, nearly 2,000 strong, consisting of infantry, horse, and artillery For nearly eight hours they con tinued the combat, taking two guns from the Royalists; but, 'wanting ammunition, and rein forcements more than 2,000 men approaching to support the Royalists, the insurgents were obliged to slacken their fire, and withdrew with a slight loss in killed and wounded, the loss on the part of the Royalists exceeding 300 killed and wounded. When the attack was over the troops set fire to various buildings, whether they had been fired from or not. Many houses were pillaged; the troops shot down every one they met in the street indiscriminately, whether rich or poor or sick, whether man or woman, robbing them afterwards. The library of the University has suffered conside rably, many valuable books being destroyed. Many houses and shops were pillaged, and what could not be carried off was destroyed. The city having been placed in a state of siege, a military commission was appointed, and a disarmament ordered, when, to the astonishment of -every one, on the night of the 3d the troops withdrew, escorted by a steamer, carrying off, assisted by hired ships, all the portable articles and ammunition. General Clay did not omit clearing out the strong boxes of the Ricevitoria Generale' and Cassa Provinciale.' At the present moment Catania is left to its own resources, and has pronounced itself for union with Italy and for Victor Emmanuel." AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, THURSDAY, The Montreal Ocean Company's steamer Pales tine, which left Quebec on the 9th inst.,has arrived here. She landed all the mails. She brings no news of importance. LATEST BY TELEGRAPH TO FARTHER POINT. NEW YORK, JUNE 9, EVENING. The Glasgow sailed to-day for Liverpool with 400,000 dollarS. The cotton market is dull, and quotations are nominal. Breadstuffs quiet, and prices are barely main. tained. Corn dearer, with an advancing tendency. NEW ORLEANS, JUNE 7. Sales of cotton in two days, 2,500 bales. Quo , tations nominal. THE PENINSULAR MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, JUNE 21. The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's steamer Sultan, Capt. Cook, with dates from Lisbon to the 17th inst., has arrived. The Sultan brings 52 passengers, £3,300 in specie, and a cargo of 2,648 packages of wine, fruit, eggs, &c. She passed the Ripon ten miles west of Portland steering down channel. LISBON, JUNE 17. A bill for increased taxation has caused violent debates in the Lower House. If carried, hopes were entertained that the Peers would reject it. The British steamer Hope has been sold to the Portuguese African Steam Company. Her crew has returned in the Sultan.. Exchange on London 531 ; on Paris 5.33; on Amsterdam 424 ; on Hamburg 474 ; on Genoa 5.31; Lisbon Bank 550; Oporto Bank 256; Rentes 454 to 46 ; Coupons 444 to 45. „, IIIE UNITED KINGDOM BENEVOLENT ANNUITY FUND.—On Tuesday Mr. Sergeant Parry, accompanied by Mr. John Tucker, of the firm of Tucker, Greville, and Tucker, solicitors, and the Rev. F. Pearce .Pocock, chap lain of the City of London Union, waited upon Mr. Salle, at the Thames Police-court, and entered into a full ex planation of the affairs of the above society, vindicating the conduct of his client, denying that there was any ground for a charge of misappropriation or fraud against him, or any of the gentlemen connected with that or the other annuity society which had been referred to, and asserting that if the whole of the prayer of a bill now in Chancery were granted the whole of the annui tants would be paid in full. An animated discussion took place between the learned gentleman and the worthy magis trate, after which the parti e s withdrew. 4EDICAL AID TO MISSIONARIES.--In the coarse of the proceedings of the recent Missionary Conference at Liverpool, Dr. Macgowan, the American missionary, bore the following testimony on this subject I would pay a tribute of respect to the members of my noble and ennobling profession connected with the Hon. East India Company and her Majesty's naval and military services. I take plea sure, as an American especially, in acknowledging their gratuitous services to my missionary countrymen and to missionaries generally. The medical men of the army and navy of both services have been, to a ver y large extent, assistant medical missionaries ; and the Christian public have not sufficiently recognised their indebtedness to those members of the medical profusion.” LITERATURE. Ike Lake Regions of Central Africa. By Richard F. Burton, Captain H.M.I. Army. 2 vols. Longman. Central Africa is no longer the unknown region which not many years since it was to the ordinary reader. The researches of Barth, of Livingstone, and of Captain Burton himself, have brought before us the features and characteristics of those wild tropical countries, where European feet had rarely, if ever, penetrated. The volumes before us treat of some of the wildest and most uncivilised districts, whose dangers to health, life and pro perty are such that an attempt to penetrate them was esteemed little short of madness. The first European who conceived the pro ject of exploring the lakes of the interior, paid with his life the penalty of his rashness in trusting to the treacherous hospitality of the wretched natives. The prejudice they enter tain against foreigners is universal. They look on them with a degree of suspicion which makes tra velling very unsafe, and are particularly averse to any attempt to collect information or examine into the state of their trade and commerce. Only a year before Captain Burton's arrival the burghers of Kilwa, one of the ports of the Zanzibar mainland, had murdered an Arab merchant, who ventured to explore the interior. Con trary to many primitive races the virtues of hospitality appear to be entirely unknown. According to our traveller's account force or fraud are the only means of obtaining the necessaries of life. Captain Burton left England in 1856. The object he proposed to himself, and which he sub mitted to the Council of the Royal Geographical Society, of which he is a fellow, was " to form an expedition primarily for the purpose of ascertain ing the limits of the Sea of Ujiji, or Unyamwezi Lake,' and, secondarily, to determine the exportable produce of the interior, and the ethnography of its tribes." These objects he successfully attained, although his journey does not appear to have been productive of much satisfaction to him. He tells us that he had intended these volumes to have appeared immediately after his return to England, last spring, but that " the impaired health, de pression of spirits, and, worse still, the annoyance of official correspondence," which have been to him the sole results of exploration, were the reasons for the delay. There appears to be a very awkward feel ing between Captain Burton and Captain Spoke, his sole European companion, who seems to have anticipated the result of his labours in some way. It is a question on which it is difficult to form an opinion, but we cannot help regretting the extreme bitterness with which Captain Burton writes on this subject ; it is scarcely worthy of one whose name is not unknown in the scientific world, even should the circumstances have been somewhat irri tating. Another subject of vexation to him was his treatment by the authorities of the India Office, who refused to compensate him for his losses, and censured him for not having rewarded his unfaithful and extortionate attendants. According to Captain Burton's account of them they were totally un worthy of any recompense; deserting at every opportunity, and trembling at every alarm, they seem to have been nearly as much hindrance as help. These various annoyances, added to the ill health induced by the climate and the exposure and vicissitudes of the journey, seem to have soured the traveller's mind and infused into his work a querulous tone which is more natural than agreeable. Wo prefer, however, to leave the con sideration of these vexed questions, in which per fect, impartiality is difficult, and to consider the work. in its more attractive character as a picture of life and nature in its wildest and rudest form. Lake Tanganyika, or the Sea of Ujiji, which the party went to seek, lies in about the same degree of longitude as Zanzibar. It is in Unyamwezi, the Land of the Moon, as that portion of Eastern Central Africa is designated. Starting from Zan zibar, the travellers had to penetrate into the interior through regions which it was considered almost certain death for a European to enter. The narrative commences at Zanzibar, which, as the reader is probably aware, is an island on the eastern coast of Africa, a little to the north of the Mozambique Channel. Its name Captain Burton considers to be clearly derived from the Arabic words, " Zanj," a negro, and " bar," a region. It signifies Blackland, and traces of the word may be found in very early geographers. The inhabitants of this part of the coast are called by the Arabs Ahl Maraim, and by themselves Wamrima, in op position to the heathen of the interior, whom they designate collectively the Washenzi—signifying conquered or servile. These classes consist of. half-caste Arabs and coast clans. The latter the Arabs of Oman refuse to recognise as kinsmen. The former dislike Europeans, and especially fear the Beni Nar, or Sons of Fire—the English. They have a proverb, " hot as the Ingrez," and in their tales and traditions they predict the eventual con quest of the country that has once felt the white man's foot. It is possibly this superstition that renders them so averse to travellers, although they endeavour to thwart the Arab as well as the European from exploring the interior. In this case, however, commercial jealousy explains their conduct. , The native clans belong to an extremely low branch of the human race. " Study or any tension of the mind," says Captain Burton, " seems to make these weak-brained races semi-idiotic." . In another place he tells us that though possessing very little affec tion for any one, the sudden loss of a relative some times leads among the east Africans from grief to insanity, from the inability of their minds to bear any unusual strain. Yet they are certainly not a soft-hearted race. "It is most painful to witness the complete inhumanity with which a porter seized with smallpox is allowed by his friends, comrades, and brethren to fall behind in the jungle, with several days' life in him. No inducement, even beads can persuade a soul to attend him. Every village will drive him from its doors ; no one will risk taking at any price, death into his bosom." These unfortu nate sufferers frequently fall victims to the wild animals. This disease makes the most frightful ravages among the natives of which the exploring party saw many instances. The difficulties against which Captain Burton had to contend were most formidable. The low rate of intelligence prevented him from obtaining any sound information from the na tives as they gave the most confused and con tradictory accounts of places in their immediate neighbourhood. Added to their incapacity, their habitual falsity and cunning are serious obstacles. " The most solemn oaths are with them empty words; they breathe an atmosphere of falsehood, manoeuvre, and contrivance—wasting about the mere nothings of life—upon a pound of grain or a yard of cloth--ingenuity of iniquity enough to win and keep a crown. And they are treacherous as false; with them the salt has no signification, and gratitude is unknown even by name." As might be supposed from such characteristics, the natives are incurably indolent. Some of the races of the inte rior, though superior in strength and intelligence, are seldom brought to the slave market, since they would " rather die under the stick than level them-. selves with women by using a hoe." They are also cowardly. There was not a tingle member'of Capt. Burton's caravan that did not attempt to desert during the journey. As with all savage races their passion for beads is extraordinary. There are 400 varieties, each with a different name. Some are called "food finishers," because a man will part with his dinner to obtain them ; others " town breakers," because the women will ruin their households for them. A large store of beads is the first necessity of the tra veller as the demand is unceasing. Many curi ous details of their mode of life, manners, and customs, &c., are furnished by the author. In some places it is customary to bury a chief sitting upright, and a male and female slave alive with him. They are described as very savage and uncivilised, and completely lacking the creative faculty. Thus although they have some idea of tune and are re markably gifted with a sense of time, a thousand feet tapping the ground with perfect unani mity in some of their dances, yet their music is of the simplest and rudest kind. Such as it is they delight in it. " The fisher man will accompany his paddle, the portal - his trudge, the housewife her task of rubbing grain with song; and for long hours at night the peasants will sit. a ring repeating with a zest that never flags, the same few notes, and the same unmeaning line." The condition of the East African in the villages, the author considers to be by no means devoid of comfort. He asserts that in many respects he is better off than the ltyot of Bri tish India. Among the peculiarities of some of the tribes, is the total absenCe of family affec tion. Thus among the Wangamwesi, the hus band returning from the coast with cloth re fuses to give a shukkah to his wife, and the wife succeeding to an inheritance will leave her husband to starve. Each grows tobacco, having no hope of borrowing from the , other. The author remarks that he offers no apology for the length of his ethnographical descriptions, justly considering them the most val uable feature to ur h e is of ri h e iswork. The c ountry, he obser ves, la interest, " It has few traditions, no annals, and no ruins. It contains not a single useful or ornamental work— a canal or a dam is, and ever has been, beyond the narrow bounds of its civilisation. It wants the scenes of barbaric pomp and sava ge Africa i grandeurea i evens w ith which the student of occide n t a l fa miliar. But its ethnography h as noveites_.it exposes strange manners and custo ms; i ts Fetichism is in itself a wonder; its comme rce d eserves atten tion; and its social state is full o f mournful inte . A i . . _ rest." Many details of the geographical results of the expedition are also given, which will greatly interest the scientific. Captain Burton's style is somewhat elaborate, and, like many another writer, ho is most effective when most simple. We would suggest to him to avoid the use of eccentric and unfamiliar words, and long in volved sentences, which do injustice to the valuable information he has to give. The coloured plates• and woodcuts are numerous and carefully done „ a map of the locality is added, though this might have been larger with advantage. The official cor respondence is given in the appendix, so that the reader may form his own opinion of the disputes referred to. The work forms a valuable addition to our store of knowledge respecting these rude and unfamiliar regions arid their wild and wayward inhabitants, and we commend it to the attention of all who wish to extend their sphere of geographical and ethnological information. LORD CIIELMSFORD'S BILL. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. you afford me space just to allow the Islington clergy, who have shown so much zeal for the law of Moses, to know that I am willing to meet any one of . them in London for a public dis cussion of " the Sabbath question." I undertake to prove that, in their insisting upon the observance by believing Gentiles of the Mosaic Sabbath, they are, as St. Paul affirms, "teachers of the law, un derstanding neither what they say, nor whereof they affirm."—l am, Sir, faithfully yours, RICHARD lIIBBS, Incumbent of the United Church of England and Lreland Chapel, st. Vincent-street, Edinburgh. 1, Great Stuart-street, Edinburgh, June 20, 1860. REVISION OF THE LITURGY-LORD CHELMS•• FORD'S BILL. The secretary of the Lord's-Day Observance Society, the Rev. Henry Bayley, as well as the Rev. Canon Miller, has been recently invited by the Rev. Richard Hibbs, an English clergyman at Edinburgh, to a public discussion of " the Sabbath question" in London. To the former, who, in reply, declined to meet his challenger, a rejoinder was sent by the latter, of which the following is an excerpt : " But, sir, there is one point touching this reading of the Decalogue in our Liturgy which may have escaped you, as I confess it did me for years. When in the Communion Service you read—' God spake these words and said, I am the Lord thy God. Thou shalt have none other gods but me'—are you aware that you seriously mutilate the words of Jehovah? In Exodus xx., from which we profess to quote, the passage runs thus And God spake all these words, saying, I am the Lord thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. Thou shalt have no other gods before me.' Having dis covered, during the recent discussion of ' the Sabbath question' in this city, the effect which this suppression produces in some minds, I have formed, I trust, the unal terable resolution never again, whether in England or Scotland, to read that portion of the Divine Word except in its entirety. There is also found in this prayer-book version the substitution of the word seventh' for Sab bath.' In my present ministrations I read the whole, as found in our Bibles. Lot me hope, sir, that you, as a con scientious minister of the Word, will do the same, without fear of the consequences. Better to suffer ourselves to be ' put out of tLe Church' than to diminish aught' from that Word which liveth and abideth for ever.' I trust we both consider all such pious frauds' as nothing less than impious perversions of immutable truth." POLAND. (From the Polish Journal, Wiadomosci Poiskie.) The following despatch has been addressed to Count Andrew Zamoyski, president of the Polish .Agricultura 1 Society, in the kingdom of Poland : The Chief Director and President of the Government Com mission on Internal and Religious Affairs, to the Presi dent of the Agricultural Society of Poland. Warsaw, May 2-14, 1860.- 1 have had the honour to receive a despatch from the Prince Viceroy of the kingdom of Poland, dated May 11-- 23, 1860, to the following effect : The Agricultural Society established in the kingdom of Poland, having lately extended the scope of its operations, had in some particulars departed from the regulations laid down for its guidance and chiefly from the instructions contained in Art. 15, 16, 27, 35, 40, and 41. As under Art. 41 of the Regulations of the society, all changes in such regulations are only to take effect from the date of their approval by the Viceroy of the kingdom, 11.1. M. the Emperor and King, on being informed of the state of things noticed above, has been pleased to order as follows : 1. The Government having determined on the course to be pursued in the direction of the operations of the society, on the recommendation of a committee formed of its own members, as also on the places and times of meeting, and of the distribution of prizes by the society, considers the formation of subdivisions of any kind for the admini stration and direction of operatives of the society quite contrary to the spiilt of the Regulations, and productive of endless inconsistencies. All commis sions, therefore, whether general or divisional, with the single exception of those mentioned in Art. 36 of the Regulations, as also every kind of committee except that established by Art. 15 of the Regulations, shall cease from this date. Members of the society who do not belong to the committee mentioned in Art. 15 of the Regulations may act in conjunction at the general meetings of the society only. The committee of the society shall not, however, be forbidden to appoint temporary commissions consisting of two or three members for the purpose of inquiring into any one fact that may deserve extraordinary notice, and relate exclusively to agriculture, Such temporary commissions must dissolve after i endering their report to the committee. The examination of, and granting of qualifying certificates to, articles for agricultural purposes and inventions sub mitted for the approval of the society, shall be conducted by the committee in the first instance, and the results sub mitted to the society. 2. The society shall, under Art. 40 of the Regulations, distribute medals and other prizes, during the yearly public meeting in the month of June. The committee shall send to medalists and prizemen, not present at the general meeting, the rewards assigned to them, through the medium of the administrative authorities,—viz., the Civil Governors. 3. As all numerous meetings and distribution of prizes can only take place with the concurrence of the Government authorities, and not under the orders of any society whatever, or its commissioners, there being no law giving those such right, competitions relating to a',aicultural matters, horse races, and all exhibitions of agricultural implements, shall only be allowed to take place by special authority from the administrative council. His Highness the Prince desires me to make known, without delay, to the agricultural society, his Imperial Majesty's wishes cn these points, and to ensure their ful filment. In complying with the orders of hialighness the Prince Viceroy, I have the honour to request that you will be good enough to take the necessary steps to fulfil the wish of his Imperial Majesty as above expressed. (Signed) MUCHAN 0 LT 7 Member of the Privy Council, (Signed) SADOWSKI, Chief of the Department. _ _ This document is so clear that it requires little explana tion from us. It will be sufficient to recal to the minds of our re Iders the reasons which promoted the establishment of an Agricultural Society in the kingdom of Poland, and the means by which its operations were carried on, to show the full meaning of the above despatch, and the importance of the lesson it conveys. When, three years ago, an agricultural reform was pro mised, it was at once clear that Poland, although highly fitted for a change, could not undergo it without some pre paration. It was necessary that the nobles should first con sider together how to manage their estates so as to avoid losing the rest of their revenues and property by the change of circumstances; it was necessary that the peasants should be exalted to thik of their own interests before the time should come when they would have no one to think for them; and further, it was necessary to secure friendly re lations among the rural populations, in order that agricul tural produce might not be lost amid changes and quarrels between neighbours. In order to satisfy these pressing and evident wants the Agricultural Society was established. General sessions were established for the consultations of landholders; exhibitions and competitions for prizes stimu lated the peasants to independence of thought and action ; and to convince the poorer classes of the sympathy of the richer prizes were given for industry, honesty, and general good conduct. All this, we repeat, was simply a consequence of the agricultural reforms and existing circumstances ; it was in the true spirit of the society, and not only was in no re spect contrary to the regulations, but so to say, an inevitable expansion of them. All this, M. Muchanou now over throws. And not satisfied with forbidding the members of the society to conduct their most important operations, he disturbs the organization of the society, abolishes the ordi • nary committee of assistance, and places obstacles in the way of co-operation of the members. With one stroke of his pen he cuts off every thing that constituted the real value of the society to the country, and leaves it only its name L-for the admiration of foreigners. We must confess that, accustomed as we have been of yore by the Russian Government to all kinds of abuses, M. Muchanou has this time succeeded in raising our asto nishment, and we think that were he asked his reason for the dispatch above quoted, he would find it difficult to give a satisfactory answer. He knows well that the acts of the society were frank and open, and that they concealed no thing.; ho knows better than any one that its members have in no respect infringed too instructions of Government, and that in none of their meetin gs h ave they ever touched o n any question that might excite the slightest shade of suspicion. To give the nobles a higher and more social occu - patron, and wean them from the dissipation of their time and their strength; to excite in the minds of the peasants a liking for improved agriculture and a higher standard of education; by the se means to double the wealth and labour of the count r y ; such were the cbief aims of the society. Unfortunately, i n th e eyas of Russ i ans, they were also its chief crimes. It has been forcibly said that no country should ride over another country, because- the ruling power cannot itself be ruled. A foreigner ruling over a vanquished nation only takes the trouble to learn its feelings and aspirations in order to wound and stifle them more effectually. The more successfully he tortures the people, and the more curses and dissatisfaction he hears about him, the more fully persuaded he is of his power, and the greater his faith in his supe riority, Thus, f or the first time for a long series of years, a Polish province had the opportunity of promoting its mate rial well-being by means of its united strength ; and, forth with, all rushed to this field of enterprise, labouring quietly and perseveringly, and laying aside or delaying all other thoughts. But the sight was too much for the Russian Government. Without aim or reason it again makes us feel its stifling grasp, and reminds us that so long as it rules in Poland, a peaceful, or even an ordinary normal condition of life, must be for the Poles an impossibility. " Such," says the poet, "is the curse of crime. Crimes only spring from its stock." • IIAYMARKET THEATRE.--MISS AMY SEDGWICK. —This accomplished and popular artiste closes her present engagement with her benefit on Saturday evening next, when she will make her appearance as the heroine of an original comedy, entitled " Does he love me ?" The crowded houses which have been uniformly attracted by Miss Se 'gwick's performances amply bear testimony to the estimation in which she is held by the public, 1