The Sun. — London, England, 1829-12-24 00:00:00

PARIS CORRESPONDENCE. E We bare been obliged to let the (ounnuni cations from our Correspondent stand over for Want of room.] " PARIS, DEC. 19. It is generally inculcat&? on strangers, and particularly on Englishmen, on their arrival in France, that it is imprudent and unsafe to engage in conversation with Frenchmen on political sub jects. It is to be found indeed laid down as an. indispensible rule of conduct in all the Paris Guides and Continental road-hooks. I do not mean to object to its adoption as a good rule in mixed society, For the opinions of the various parties into which France is at present divided are so utterly incompatible with each other, that there is not a foot of neutral ground between the hostile camps on which a parley can be held. It is different, however, in the camps them selves ; and if you have the advantoge of a petite or even a grande entree at a Ministerial re union, or at a soiree of one of the leading mem bers of the cote gauche, during the present pe riod of excitement, you will find yourself com pelled to lay an absolute embargo on your lip s if you still persist in - adhering to the rule ofcou duct you received on your arrival. It is of course to be understood that where politics are admissible at all as a subject of conversation, the political creed of the master of the house must be taken as the standard of that of his guests and it is the fault of the guests themselvos if they visit a house where sentiments Are entertained, and opinions enforced, at variance with the party to which they happen to belong. " I have been induced to make these ob servations from what fell under my notice a few evenings ago, at the soiree of a leading Deputy of the liberal party. In lounging through the apartments, which had been thrown open for the reception of the company, but which, from the early hour for the evening, were not yet full, my attention was attracted by the loud and declama tory tone in which one of the gentlemen who had dined with us . was expatiating on the su periority of the practical jurisprudence of Eng land over that of France, which arose, he said, from the personal respectability of the members of the English bar, and of the judicial officers in the service of the Crown. He then opened a point blank battery en the corresponding officers in France, and particularly on the Procureur du Roi, whom he stigmatized in no very gentle terms, as capable of every species of meanness and espionage. I was greatly , at a loss to divine the gentleman's object in this extraordinary piece of declamation, and having called the at. tention of a friend to what I had observed, I in quired if he could afford me any clue to the orator's motives. He answered me by pointing out a quiet-looking little gentleman, who, with his hat under his arm, which indicated his being an evening visitor, was standing apart from the group to whom the speaker was addressing him self, but yet was evidently lending an attentive ear to all that wass i passing around him. That little man, said my friend, is a Procureur du Roi ; it is supposed that he has been sent here to report the style of conversation which passes in this house, and whether the gentleman who declaims with so much vehemence in favour of the men and the institutions of England, of which he is known to be no great admirer at heart, may have adopted the idea that the Procureur dry Rol has been sent here as a spy from the enemy's camp, or whether the speech be intended to rnaik his disapprobation of the Procurcur's appearance at a liberal reunion, it is very certain that the observations which have excited your curiosity are levelled at the stranger in question, who, whatever may have been his motives for coming here, will probably not soon be tempted to renew the experiment. " A fact like this, although not of much intrinsic value, serves to point out the extremely sensitive dispositions of the party at present in power on the subject of their stability in office. A similar degree of morbid sensibility is ascribed to Charles the Tenth and several members of his family, as to the durability of the Monarchy itself. Apprehensions are entertained on the one hand of the democratical or revolutionary party, which although not certainly to be despised as trifling in numbers, or insignificant in influence, is yet, I believe, very far from being so widely diffused as a late writer in the Morning Chronicle would have us to believe. On the other hand they are in terror for the more limited party, which consists of the personal admirers of Napo leon, and which in the nature of things must now be rapidly diminishing in numbers as well as in influence. The feeling of insecurity to which I have alluded is, however, strongly evinced by the numerous prosecutions which are daily instituted against engravers and print-sel lers, dealers in toys and bronzes, and indeed every profession which French ingenuity can apply to the purpose of recalling the victories or other popular actions of the late Emperor, or of reminding the people of France that he has still a representative ill the person of the young Duke of Reichstadt. A distinction indeed is attempted to be drawn between those busts and portraits of the Emperor which may be supposed to call to mind his military reputa tion, or those splendid achievements which may be regarded in some degree as national pro perty, and what has reference merely to Napoleon himself, in the character he assumed as the head of a new dynasty. The necessary licence for the sale of figures and engravings appears to be seldom withheld from representations of the Ex- Emperor himself, while those of his son arc strictly prohibited, under pretence of their ex citing to a spirit of rebellion. A new ,Istance of the activity of the police in the repression of such rebellious symptoms has just occurred in the apprehension of an actor at a provincial theatre, for having imitated the dress and manners of Napoleon on the stage. On the 16th instant this actor was brought before the tribunal of eorectional police at Chartres, on the charge of having exhibited signs and symbols calculated to propagate a spirit of rebellion An to disturb the ; white peace. I bjoin the terms of the judg ment, as it evinces the importance attached by the Judges to a matter of this nature, and con tAins an expression of the principles on whir+ the judgment is founded. " Seeing, it says, that appears from the " proceedirtg:,-, that on Sunday the 6th of Octet-Aar, at the Theatre of Chartres, at " 4 the end of the piece called the Rtatian Syit - '4 44 the actor Baudin, who was to pity tlt'e part cf " an officer of rank, amettita alone in front of 4" the stage ;_o tote costume commonly worn by " Napoleon Bonaparte in the field, copying his " air, attitude, and manners, particularly by " walking with his hands bthitid his back, and " feigning to take ntmiias Bonaparte did ; that " by his tonauct the prisoner sought to awaken lamentable recollections, and to agitate th'e " public mind ; that most of the spectators " did not mistake hip intention, that the words " It is Bolltparte !it is the Emperor !' were pro " s bounced ; that a certain emotion was pro " duced, and that thus Baudin was gUiity of " exhibiting signs in a public place, which were " calculated t.O 'disturb, and which in fact did " disturb, the public peace ; the tribunal con -4" demns him to fifteen days' imprisonment ; 4" and to a fine of a hundred ft'ancs, with costs.' THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY). GENERAL AVERAGE PRICE OF 131t11ISII COMV, For the Week ended Dec. 11, 1829, made up from the Returns et the Inspectors its the different Cities and "rowns In England and Wales, per Imperial Quarter, Wheat-- 575. 3d.1 Oats 11 Beans— 335. 10d. Barley— 295. Bet 1 By& 325. Od.l Pease---- 378. 5d , Irr.RIAL A.ErIIIt . ,.,ATE AVERAGES OF THE SIX WEEKS PRECEDING. NV tleat.,—.llB. 11d.1 Oats —21 s. 9d.1 Beans— 358, 4d. Barley.. -303. 7d. Rye —.. 325. Id I'ease-- 375. 10d. DUTIRS ON FOREIGN CORN. Wheat.— 30s. 8,1.1 Oats —15 s. 341.1 8can5—.....165. 9d. Barley— 16s. 10,1.1 Rye 3d.1 I'eaBe SMITHFIELD MARKET. In this day's market, which exhibited what used to be considered a very limited time of year Friday's supply, the trade we very dnl! throughout•—with prime Beef at a de pres.ion of full 4d,, with Mutton and Pork 2d. per stone ; with Veal, and the middling and inferior kinds of Beef, for which there appeared to be little if any demand, at Monday's quotations. There were but few butchers in attendance, owing to their shops being overstocked with meat. PRICES PER STONE OF Sr, ES. TO SINK THE OFFAL 9. s. d. to s. d. Large Lambs Prime small ditto.— 0 8 0 0 Large coarse Calves 3 4 310 Prime small ditto 4 8 5 0 Large flogs 3 6 310 Small Porkers 4 0 4 4 Suckling Calves 12A. to 28s. each. Quarter oldrigs 12s. to 16s. each. S.UPI'LY, AS VEIL CILVItK ' S STATP:MENT. Beasts. Sheep. Calves. I Pigs. 1:517 2,210 130 Mich Cows, which were numerous, were dull of sale at last week's prices. s. d. to a. d.l Infcricr Prlgts 2 2 2 4 S(Torld quality ditto 2 4 3 10' t'ritoc largo Oxen 3 6 4 4 ['rime Scots, 4 0 1 0 !nfertor Sheol, 2 4 2 6 .'.5( colid quality ditto 2 8 3 4 Coarsc-woolled ditto 3 6 4 2 inutlo.lownWetlicrs 4 2 4 6, NENVGATE AND LEADENHALL MARKETS. At per stone, by the Carcass. a. (1, to s. 8. d.tos. d. Beet 2 2 4 0 Veal Morton 2 2 4 0 Pork HAY MA It KETS.—( At per Load of 36 Trusses.) ST. JAMES'S. Coarse heavy Lowland Meadow Hay £2 2 to £2 10 yew Meadow Hay Useful Old Ditto 2 15 3 8 Fine Upland Meadow and Rye-grass Hay 3 10 4 4 Clover Hay Oat Straw £1 13 to £1 181 Wheat Straw—, 2 0 2 3 Straw 2s. per load higher than last quoted ; in pt ices of Mea dow and Clover Hay no alteration. A short supply, and a to lerably brisk trade. SMITHFIELD HAY M A LIKE C.—Dec. 23. Coarse heavy Lowlaud Meadow Hay X 2 0 to £2 13 New Meadow Hay 1 18 2 18 Useful Old Ditto 3 3 3 10 Fine Upl_and Meadow an i Rye-grass Hay 3 10 4 4 Clover Hay (extra fine)....Es 0 „Generally Oat Straw LI Bto .£1 12 I Wheat Straw 1 12 1 16 A short supply; trade very dull, at ye.terday's prices. CDAI. Adair§ 31s id. reatimont. 33 0 Charlotte 11 6 (layering 13 6 Dean's Primrose— 32 6 Ileb'aurn Main 35 0 flolywell.... 35 0 Killingworth Old Walker.- 35 6 Peiaw . 33 6 Pore.) , Ea5t..,._..,...._.... 32 6 I'itt's South Moor . 31 6 Pontop Windsor l'antield "ranfield 32 0 Townley-- 3l 6 Willington Wy lam Walls End Bewicke&Co. 57 3 ttralls End Brown's 35 6 Ditto Burraton 36 6 Ditto Bensham 33 0 Walls End Boundary ... 33 3 Ditto Brown's unser.— So 0 Ditto Clarke and C 0... 3.5 3 Walls End Carr and Co. 33 6 Ditto Cratnlington— 32 0 Ditto Heaton-- 37 6 Ditto Hilda --- 36 0 Ditto Ilotspur. 76 6 Ditto Northumberland 36 0 Ships at market, lON—SI Kf.—Dec. 13. Walls elnd Newmarch— 375. 01, Ditto I'eareth_,_.._ 34 0 Ditto Perkins and Co.— 36 0 Ditto Mild( ll's. . 37 6 Ditto Walker _ 37 6 Harraton Main 35 0 Lambton's Primrose 37 0 Russell's Lyon's—. 37 6 Walls hid Hetton 39 0 Walls End Lanibton 39 6 Walls End Lyons 37 3 Walls End Stewart's 39 0 Itiissell's Hetton's W.E. 38 9 Blackboy and Walls E. Etherley 32 Cowper 32 6 Culm Drim. 25 0 Ibrtley 34 0 Silkstone 35 3 Wall's End Elgin 33 9 Holywell Trader * 35 0 Killingworth Trader 33 6 Sheriff Hill Trader..... 32 0 RiddelPs Trader 37 6 Hebburn small 2O 6 Helton small 2l 6 Jesmond small l9 6 Eden small Eillson small Old Etherley small 19 9 ips sold, 68-Unsol E(*i ..;OUNTRY CORN MARKETS DURING THE WEEK Wheat. Barley. I Data. Beans. Per Quarter. s. to S. Is.to s. S. to S. e. s . Abingdon—. 58 69 3'2 38 '2l 32 42 Andover----- 56 63 241 35 22 23 43 Birmingham,.. , _ 61 70 32 35 28 30 5 Nridport -- 56 74 32 39 26 31 54 Cirencester --- 54 72 21 42 IS 20 4(3 Paringdon--.54. 86 36 40 26 38 413 Guildford -- 43 71 25 36 20 32 42 Henley--- 54 83 30 33 20 30 40 Hereford -- (34 84 38 43 36 40 CO Highworth 62 80 32 42 '2B 31 56 Nlaidenhead 65 84 28 33 '22 30 :51 Oakingham 56 76 30 36 18 32 43 Reading Salisbury 49 60 21 33 22 32 50 Southampton 54 78 37 40 '2B 32 42 Stroud 'Tewkesbury 65 87 40 42 30 39 42 Uxbridge Wantage 45 74 20 36 16 29 45 Warminster Windsor 4B 80 124 36 22 28 54 Worcester 70 77 136 24 32 54 CHELTENHAM MA MUM—Dec. 22. Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d. Per lb. d. to d. Wheat Barley Oats Beams 4 9 5 6 Lamb 6 7 Pease 5 0 8 0 Pork 5 6 Per Bushel. s. d. to s. d.l Wheat Barley Oats Beams 4O 56 Pease 5 0 S 0 Hay 3l. 1 Beef Mutton Veal Lamb , Pork $. to 3/. 1, 38. per ton. LEWES MARKET.—Dec. 22. White Wheat (per quarter) £3 0 0 to £3 4 0 Red ditto Barley Oats, New Beans 1 Ili 0 2 2 0 Oil Cake. New l2 0 0 per thousand. HULL MARKET.—IIec. 22. The supply of Wheat to this day's market has been larger than we have experienced for many previous weeks, and the best runs only met a slow sale, at a reduction of H. per quarter, while all below this denomination are dif ficult to quit, even at a further reduction ; the inquiry for Old foreign, rests entirely with the best samples, of which the quantity remaining is exceedingly trifling, and fur which higher prices are asked than the buyers comply with; there is, consequently, but a very limited business passing, and we do not alter the quotations. There is no altera tion in the value of Oats. Beans and Pease are each dull sale, and Is. to 2s. per quarter lower, with a very limited sale. There has been a good show of Barley, and the best malting samples scarcely supported the currency of last week, while every other quality may be noted is. per quarter lower. There is very little passing in Rapeseed or Linseed, and prices without alteration. Wheat, Old —s. 58s. 60s. Now Foreign —s. 58s. 635. ln bond... —s. —B. --s, Oats, Poland —s. 20s. 245. Old --s. —s. 28s. Small or Feed.... —s. 12s. 18s. —s —5. 245. Foreign —s. 18s. 225. Barley, Norf. & Sul ... —s 28s. 308. Line. & %Vold —s. 28s. 285. ----- Foreign Beans 285. 30s. 3 ,, 5. Foreign —s. 2Ss. 318 Pease, White —s. 30s. 365. Grey Tares —s 20s. 265. Foreign —s. Rapeseed, in bond none. 21s. 265. 214. 291. DUMFRIES MA s.d. s.d. Wheat, hop. Bush... 6 6 to 7 0 Butter, Igor_ Barley 3 4 3 7 Eggs, dozen Oats 2 4 2 9 Beef, per lb. Flour, 111 b. Oatmeal Potatoes, cwt. KEYS.—llec. 1 I. s.d. s.d. 0 Otoo n 00 04 04 04 0 4 0 5 93 00 08 0c CATTLF.—The market today was very shortly sup plied, the total being only 355, of which fully 100 were left unmold, and the general impre•sion was that the mar ket had been a very dull one. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.--(TIIIS DAY.) FROM LLOYD'S. - DEAL, DEC. 23.--Wind li-,N.E.—Arrived from London, the 1-1):!cl: NVrnih; Goddard, for Sierra Leon's t an Rohert, Edwarde, for New York. PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 23.—Wind N.E.—Arrived the John Echlin, Thomson, from Jamaica. Sailed the West Indian, Cook, for Antigua. The Frith; Cornish, from London to Poole-, w . o,s , cret o ‘y6 . . terdey and proced`-?,( 1 . Famt*Tc6l, N.E.—Arrived the FlCo'tt, mithson, from Quebec. FALMOUTH, DEC. 22.—Wind N.N.E.—Ai rived the Duke of Marlborough packet, from Lisbon) sailed the 13th inst. HOLYHEAD, DEt:. 2.;--ArriVeci the M`Donald, Ml . Leoth fl-Gin &ova Scotia. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 22.—Arrived the Luria, --, from Quebec; and Nuremburgh, —, from Halifax; WHITEHAYEN, DEC. 23.—Arrived the Favorite, Trusty, from Rip, CLynr, D. 2l.—Arrived the Cherub, hiller, ah 'Earl of Dalhousie, Boyd, from Montreal; Salus, Tait, from Miramichi; and Natalia, Smith, from Teneriffe. LOCH RYAN, Dec. 21.—ArriYed the Alpha, Loudon, fromDemerttra. Thßtstot, thc. 23.—Arrived the Caledonia, Younger, from Prince Edward's Island. (70 - 1 - ? K, DEC. 21.—Arrived the Isabella, from Halifax; and Dart, —, from Ne►vfoundland. The Zephyr, from St. Petersburgh, put into Milford the 22d instant, leaky, bound to Dublin. COMMISSION OF LUNACY. TENTH DAY. The Commissioners tcok their seats to-day shortly after eleven o'clock. The names of the Jury were called over, when one of them inquired if Mr. Davies would be in at tendance to-day, as it was probable they might will' to ask him some questions. The Commissioners desired that Mr. Davies might be in attendance, and trusted there would be no difficulty in procuring him from Dr. Burrows's Retreat. Dr. Burrows, after an attempt to address the Com missioners, observed he would have nothing further to do with Mr. Davies. Dr. William M'Michael sworn—Examined by Mr. Anor.rncs—Visited Mr. Davies at Dr. Burrows's Re treat, in pursuance of the Lord Chancellor's order, on the 24th August last. Saw Mr. Davies alone. In conse quence of affidavits, spoke to Mr. Davies on two points. The two points were the supposition of the conspiracy on the tea trade, and the imaginary disease in his throat. Mr. Davies was extremely communicative, and very tire some, but I should not say that he rambled at all, nor was he incoherent. I asked Mr. Davies if he supposed any conspiracy existed among the tea brokers against himself. He said he did not mean a conspiracy in the usual accep tation of the term, but as he had been successful in trade he thought his fellow tradesmen were jealous of him. I asked him how ihat was shown ; he said when he went to the sales at the East India House they received him with a sneer ; and when he was walking they made a line, and said, lane, lane, meaning as he supposed Philpot-lane. Upon the other point he said he thought he was going into a consumption, which might have affected his throat. fre was to a certain degree hypochondriac. He told me he read books to a certain extent. I was with him two hours or more. Ile knew very well by whose order I came; he expected me in consequence of my writing to Dr. Burrows. He showed no desire to shun any conver sation or avoid any inquiries. I could detect no delusion in Mr. Davies's mind at that period, but could not form an opinion at one visit. 1 asked him about his interview with Dr. Latham. I asked him how he came to go to consult him. He said as soon as he began to suspect it seas his mother's intention to put him under restraint he went and bought a pamphlet, containing Lord Ports mouth's trial, and there he found that Dr. Latham was one of the physicians who had given evidence in favour of Lord Portsmouth, and having ascertained where he lived he called upon him. He said he was to find him bo young a man, and then discovered that he had made a mistake, that he had gone to the son instead of the father. Ile related to me all that passed between him and Dr. Latham, and said that he had told Dr. Latham that he was supposed to be insane, and on leaving him he had in vited him to come to Crouch-hill, and said, he sure to come, or if you don't dread the vengeance of a madman. Dr. Latham confirmed the statement in every word. Sir C. WETHERELL, objected to this question that celled forth the last answer. The COMMISSIONERS thought the objection well founded. Examination resumed—l saw Dr. Latham after I saw Mr. Davies. Mr. AnoLexus was proceeding to ask the same qties lion in a different form, when Sir C. Wrrtizautl. observed, that he 111 , 1 had his ob jection decided in his favour by the Commissioners, and that this was only an ingenious mode of putting the same question. The COMMISIIONERS thought the question could not be put. Examination continued—l said to Mr. Davies when he used the term dread the vengeance of a madman, Dr. La th im surely must have thought you mad ? Mr. Davies said it was only a little levity. I asked him if Dr. Latham came ? lie said he did, upon which I observed he was not much frightened. I had no doubt Dr. Latham would admit that a man who admitted himself to be mad, and threa'ened an act of violence, was not very dangerous. My opinion, upon th e whole of that examination was, Mr. Davies was not in the least incoherent. I asked him if there was any one whom he desired to see, he said he should like to see his mother and his solicitor, and his clerk, Mr. Lowe. I told him I thought I could not bring his mother or solicitor, but that I would see about bring ing Mr. Lowe. When I came home I wrote to Sir. Loudham, requesting him to allow me to take Mr. Lowe. I ultimately took him down. On the 26th, I again visited Mr. Davies, in company with Mr. Lowe;: I did not take Mr. Lowe into the room at first, he waited in my carriage, and I told him I should perhaps send for hitn ; when I went into Mr. Davies I found the family apothecary with him; I requested him to retire, and allow me to see Mr. Davies alone. After some conversation I told Mr. Davies I had brought his clerk, and requested Mr. Lowe to come in ; Mr. Davies was very glad to see him, shook hands with him, and asked him how his mother was? He then asked him how they were going on at Philpot lane ? to which he (Mr. Lowe) answered, very well, fur they had followed his (Mr. Davies) instructions up to the 2 Its. Mr. Davies then said he would give me a specimen of his cross-examination. He then asked Mr. Lowe a great many questions about the tea-trade. I don't recollect what they were, but 1 recollect making this observation, you will let me into the who'e mystery and secret of the tea-trade. One question I well recollected, About this time Mr. Davies said there should be a certain suni of money due to the East India Company, about 5,0001. He said to Mr. Lowe, how have you been able to manage about that, for you cannot have access to my funds, they are locked up? Mr. Lowe said it was vet y true, and that Mrs. Byewater had been obliged to borrow the money I should think the last conversation lasted two hours. The report I furnished to the Lord Chancellor isithe tree impression of my mind, resulting from my visist. The report of Dr. APAlichael, of the 28th of August was read, by which the Doctor reported to the Chancellor that be considered Mr. Davies had no delusion, but whether he was capable of managing his own affairs the Doctor had great doubt, and requested the Lord Chancellor to allow another physician to attend Mr. Davies with him. On the 7th of September, Sir Geo.Tuthill and Dr. AP:Michael visited Mr. Davies, and made separate reports. Of that interview Dr. APAlichnel could not speak with that accu racy that Sir Geo. Tuthill slid. Dr. AP:Michael asked Mr. Davies if if he did not distress his trade by purchasing the Crouch-hill estate ? He said no; the money was taken out of the Funds. I asked him if it was not too fine a place? He said no, he did not think so, the profits of his trade were be tween 3 and 4,0001. a year, and he thought that would sup port it. It would also be an inducement to his health. His answers to every thing were quite correct and rational. (The second report of Dr. APMichael was read.) Temporary seclusion would have been better for Mr. Davies at his own house than elsewhere. Received a note from Mr. Hobler, asking if I should have any objection to see Mr. Davies again ; I at first demurred, but ulti mately agreed to do so. I visited Sir. Davies for two hours on the sth of December. The old topics were brought forward, and I had not the slightest doubt at that time that Mr. Davies was of sound mind, and quite capa ble of managing his own affairs. Mr. Davies answered every question, with the exception of one, freely. I had heard that Mr. Davies had been insulted by persons alluding to his having certain propensities. I said no wan suspected him to be really guilty of it, and I wished him to explain to me how he thought it had ori ginated. He was embarrassed, and hesitated for a mo ment, he said he wished he had never mentioned that, for nohody would believe his story, and therefore concluded he was labouring under a delusion. I said how do you sup ro•_'.s it C.rose in the first instance, he said the only e,plana tion - that he could give of it was, that when be was at Portland-terrace the first night, the landlady of the house had asked him if he had any objection to sleep in a double bedded room, he refused for some time, but when she said it would be a great cot . ivenience to bet-, 11.1(1 thit it would on'v fth. Het - OA; ne consented, and that when he Sri giong to bed.he said to the keeper who was to occupy the other bed, you may as well come to bed to me, the noarer you are to me the betttr, as I am to be kept under your eye. Thus it was he supposed the idea had arose. (The examination in chief of Dr. Ill'Michael was pro ceeding when we left. CONTINUED PROSECUI lON OF THE MORNING JOURNAL. COURT OF KING'S BENCH-THIS DAY, THE KING r. MARSDEN. 'Phis morning beimg appointed for the trial of this issue, Lord TENTERDEN took his seat at his usual time on the bench, but the Court was very thinly attended. The following Special Jurymen were called and sworn as the Jury : Edward Gregory, merchant. Thomas Smith, Esq. Joseph Delafield, Esq. Thomas Flood Cutbush, Esq.- Jos •ph Hardman, merchant. William Dunn, Esq. Philip Philpot, Emq. John Tiplady, merchant. David Henderson, Esq. John Cooper, Esq. Robert King, Esq. Thomas Fisher. At this time Lord Holland entered and took his seat o►+ the bench. For the prosecution appeared Mr. ATTORNEY-GENERAL, SOLICITOR• GENERAL, Mr. BROUGHAM , Mr. G LTR NEY, and Mr. WIGHTMA N. No Counsel appeared for the defendants. It was whispered in the Court that Mr. Alexander in tended protesting this morning to the Court against the prcseeutions following each other so rapidly, as to prevent their making any effective preparations for defence. Mr. Alexander, however, had not appeared when the above trial hid commenced. When he came in, he spoke to Mr. Humphries, who then appeared as counsel for the de fendant Mr. Isaacson. Mr. WIGHTMAN opened the pleadings, by stating that this was a prosecution against G. Marsden, Robert Alex ander, and Stephen Isaacson, for a scandalous, malicious, and inflammatory libel upon his Grace Arthur Duke of Wellington, in the Morning Journal of the 30th of July last. The ATTOANEY-GENY.RAL addressed the .Jury. Gen tlemen, it gives me very great pain to say that this is the third prosecution, indeed, in point of fact, I may call it the fourth, in which one of the defendants (Alexander) is a defendant upon the record ; and I hope you will give those credit who appear on the part of the prosecution for this feeling, that nothing but the constant repetition of offences of the same sort would have induced them to have pursued the same individual in the way they have done. There can be no personal feeling against him ; but unless: it can he laid down as a maxim, that the more incorrigible a man becomes the more he may do with impunity, it is impossible that such a line of conduct can be allowed to go on. Gentlemen, this isan indictment preferred by his Grace the Duke of Wellington for a personal libel on himself ; one of a character which I need not designate, as it will be suffi cient to read it to you, The defendant (Mr. A.) is still Proprietor of the newspaper in which this libel was pub lished but he has now got two coadjutors, different to those associated with hint in the other informations. One's name is Marsden, the other Isaacson. Perhaps it may he to the credit of the two others in partnership, and who were brought forward in the other prosecutiens, that at length they thought fit to abandon the publication ; that they thought fit lint to continue with Mr. Alexander, to share either in his perils or his crimes; but as I have said, he has found two others who are this day brought before you. I know very well it may be said, Gentlemen, that libels on any man in high station ought to be passed by with contempt, and I have generally found that that opi nion prevails most among persons who are not themselves the subjects of such attacks ; but it has happened ta ps ir to observe wherever a man is the subject of an attack by the Press, either on his honour, or in which he is treated with contumely, I have found that that individual is sure to think his particular case calls for punishment. Now for example, in the course of Illy professional duties, it has more than once, I May say, more than twenty times, happened that I have had the great honour of being consulted by gentlemen concerned in iruldishing newspapers ; and I have found that even they, who of all others are the moat liberal in their opinions, and most averse to prosecutions for libel, if they have been the subject of attack, they have felt in the most delicate possible manner on the subject. It has happened to me to have been counsel for members of the Press both in sup port and in defence of prosecutions, where the parties I have found proceeded against each other with the most bitter hatred, and a degree of severity that could hardly have been equalled. So that if Mr. Alexander, or any other editor, happened to have any slur cast upon his reputation—upon his private character, you would find that,he immediately consider, that an excepted instance to the rule they lay down with respect to all others, that you ought to allow the Press to abuse all persons, public or private, and to leave it to the opinions of mankind to decide whether he ought to he treated with contempt or not. Now, Ido trust your will think his Grace the Duke of Wellington, in appealing to the laws of his country for that protection which is due to him, as well as to all others, is entitled to consider himself not bound to rest satisfied with the repeated daily wanton attacks that have been made on his character, especially when they accuse him, in his high station, of a crime that it would be almost impossible to surpass. Gentlemen, this libel appeared in the Morning Journal after other prosecutions were pending, and purported to have been written by John Little Crosby, A.M., Minister of Sydenham, Kent, and domestic Chaplain to the Duke of Cumberland. Now, whether there be any such person in existence or not, or whether, if there be such person, he could have written such a libel, is a matter that I am not able to inform you of. All I know is, that the Editor of the Morning Journal thought fit to publish it in that Paper, and you will find that it contains imputations on the Duke of Wellington, such as unquestionably, if he ware to submit to, and if the public were to attach credit to, would render hint not only unworthy of the high cora fidence of his Sovereign, which he has long enjoyed, and unfit for the station he fills, but a proper subject fir pro secution and punishment himself. When I tell you that you will find in this publication something more than insinuation., a direct charge that his Grace of Wel lington is aiming himself at the sovereign power, and wishing to secure it in his own family, it will be fur you to judge whether or not, if you were in his high station, and such an attack were made on yeti, you would think the writer ought to be treated with perfect indifference, especially after repeated attacks, not I admit so atrocious, but yet exceedingly offensive and impertinent, had been from day to day, for many weeks before, unceasingly made. I do not propose, Gentlemen, to trouble you with reading the whole of this paper—it is very long, and it is fur the greater part, the repetition of general abuse. Had the paper confined itself to that only, it might have been passed over with contempt. It is only when the writer comes to specific charges, that he is entitled to the notice now taken of the publication. Th rt I hope you will follow up, in accordance with the decision of the Grand Jury, who have found this Bill, by your verdict that this is an atrocious libel. 'she libel is this:— . 4 To his Highness the Duke of Wellington. " My Loan,—ln the miserable state to which your united ignorance, vanity, and ambition have reduced a once exalted and flourishing nation, it only remains for your Highness and your Whig Attorney-General to put down the Press of the country, silence public opinion, and ultimately stifle the complaints of the surviving but persecuted Protestants of Ireland, now weeping over the murdered remains of those relatives who have been slaughtered at the shrine of your Highness's Popish Re lief Bill. Did your Highness tell the truth, when, during the progress of that Bill, you assured a Right Rev. and Venerable Prelate (Bishop of Bath and Wells) that the Relief Bill (so called) was calculated not only to preserve the Protestant establishments of this country, but in short to overturn Popery altogether? Did your Highness from your heart tell the truth, when, with despicable cant arid affected moderation, you drew a pretty little picture of the horrors of a civil war, and in a whining weeping tone deprecated and abjured the notion of crushing treason by the law of the land and the bayonet? Oh, yes, indeed. When (lid your Highness acquire those fine feelings? Who ever suspected, or who ever presumed to accuse your Highness of mercy — ofcompassion—of moderation, or of any ut those more kindly or tender sympathies which distinguish the heart of a man from that of a proud dictator and a tyrant ?" He seems to think that a proud dictator and a tyrant is nut a man. NOW this is the language used by a gentleman 'O, (I hope I :nay say without meaning either to offend or to flatter any one,) the most distinguished General that has ever won laurels in the Britidi army ; one that has manifested the highest skill and courage, aml I net d not ell you, Gentlemen, for you will know it, that wherever here are great courage and skill, humanity and kindness .re ever an accompaniment to that character. He says, • but what has your Highness done ? You have, as you lege, avoided a civil war. I deny your assertion. You lave put off the evil day. Off the evil day! The con plest of the traitorous and confederated Papists of Ireland, lid not suit yo,r present ambitious views, and I hereby miblicly arraign your Highness of the grossest treachery to roar country, or else the most arrant cowardice, or it you please, treachery, cowardice, and artifice united. How :lave you avoided a civil war ? By suffering the san 4 uinary Papist to issue forth from his den, and murder his Protestant fellow-subject in cold blood. How have you avoided a civil war, I ask you again? By seeing the decent, loyal, educated, and free-born Protestant impaled , o the very earth, on the pike of the Popish assassin, at the very moment when the last drop of blood flowing from his heart was not sufficient to glut the vengeance of Ida enemies, because the wretched man had dared to wear an orange lily, or drink the memory of a Prince who gave us a Constitution which your Highness has destroyed.— And yet, with an effrontery only equalled by the dirty perfidy and tyranny with which you carried your odious Relief Bill, you say you have given relief to Ireland.— Now mark me, proud Duke—l called you so once before—l KNOW TOUR. OBJECTS—I HAVE KNO W N rnxat LONG ; and it is not my fault if they are not known in the highest quarters of this land. — If it should please God, for some special marks of his Almighty displeasure against this country, to con tinue your Highness at the head of the Administration •if your betrayed and deceived Sovereign, you will find that in the end (and that end will be before long) you will be obliged to pot down, by main force of civil war, the insurrectionary spirit of the Irish Papists, or submit to an overthrow of the Union between Eng land and Ireland—an object not only contemplated but projected, arranged, and matured, into every thing short of actual execution, since the year 1814, and all through the instrumentality and operations • of the Jesuits." You will not understand me, Gentlemen, as wishing to attach the least degree of importance to the belly which dictated these expressions with respect to the measure alluded to, or the present state of Ireland. To these I give no importance; they merely form parts of the libel to which I am now c'lling your attention. The libel goes on—" Let me tell your Highness further, that you and your colleagues can never shelter your selves under an assum e d ignorance of those points.— If you possess, however, one particle of honour, bravery, loyalty, or justice—if you be not actually driven to insanity by the restless ambition which characterises your weal-known ULTERIOR OBJECTS—if you wish now in your old age to conciliate a confiding and affectionate people who once believed you to be their own—if you know that the projects are KNOWN to an Illustrious Indi vidual, wham you permitted to be vilified, traduced, calumniated, and detained, without even once denouncing his traducers—if you think that the blood of those loyal murdered subjects of the King cries aloud for vengeance, if you be a Christian, if you know the uncertainty of life and death, that you are but a man—that you may be a convert • to the worm before you can wield the sceptre elan infant Princes—that this infant has, in case of necessity, a rightful guardian in a Royal and exalted Protestant rela tive, and that the best and proudest blood of England 4hall be shed in the defence of that Prince and his Royal House—if, Duke--if, I say, your Highness knows that these things are so, or may be so, then, in God's name, I conjure you to restore peace, if peace be yet in your power, and to give it to that wretched country, of which your High ness's vanity makes you ashamed to be called a native. Does not your Highness know that if you ever deserved the name of a brave soldier, or an honest man, you could not take a more just or likely method of retaining those invaluable gems in your coronet than by coining fur ward boldly, and like a man, in the house of Lords, and by acknowledging the mischief arising from that error which (to give it a mild name) your ignorance had led you to commit." Well, then, I pass over a part, and then it goes on—" To be sure people will ant give you much credit for your wisdom and sagacity, but you will gain much more by the balance which might remain in favour of your honesty ; and I do believe, that however late you may appear ox the ground, in this act of justice and integrity, you will ultimately do better for yourself, and for the noble palace which you are now constructing, than in running any risk to encounter a desperately ambitious measure which is now not merely suspected by the public, but actually canvassed and discussed in every political conversation. It would be idle in me to suppose that your Highness was ignorant of toy meaning." Now, by reading these pas sages, by this time, it will appear to you that in them the writer intends to make an insinuation affecting the loyalty and the honour of the Duke, by pointing to an infant Princeea, and the ambitious views of the Duke in his expectation of wielding her sceptre. Now, Gentlemen, you will consider whether this is, or is not, a statement fit to be borne by a Minister. A statement of circumstances in which the writer presumes to impart to the world that his Highness's Ambitious views carry him forward to the intention of wending the sceptre of the infant Prince's. It then goes on—" If I discover your base hireling press again daring to insult and calumniate my Royal Muter, the Duke of Cumberland, or if I tied you ever to suffer the foul libellers to pass by unnoticed and unpu nished, I shall, with God's blessing, hold your Highness up to public view, and unmask you more openly than you have been even hitherto exposed to your betrayed country; and further let me tell you, Duke, that I shall do so in defiance of your Highness, your Whig Attorney-General, the whole Cabinet, and the Popish mob of Ireland into the bargain, for I am determined to try, either by the sacrifice of my own life, or your Highness's head,whether it be in your power to keep the Protestants of my native land in the degraded, miser.ible, and humiliated state," to which I again repeat, your vanity, ignorance, treachery, ambition, and artifice, have reduced them. " One word more. There is not a sensible man in the kingdom who believes the flippant and well-contrived report that your Highness's eldest son is about to be married to the accomplished daughter of your physician. Trust me that we know your Highness too well. Long—long since has your Highness aspired to a higher prize for the heir of Apsley Palace. Do you understand me, Duke ? If not, my next shall speak in plainer terms thin those which be wildered my Lou! Lyndhurst in the interesting story of Uncle Tohy and Corporal Trim. I will watch you—l will unmask you. I have the power to do the first—l have the power and courage to do both, but as I once told your Highness, sot ere already watched by deeper and wiser heads than mine.' I leave you to the consolations of your conscience, while you reflect on the blessings and advantages of your Relief Bill,' although I do not know what kill you mean to introduce to relieve yourself from the acorn and detestation of every loyal Protestant in this land of former pride and liberty." Now, you sec that it is insinuated here, his Grace the Duke of Wellington intended to place the Sovereign power in his own family. It cannot be disguised that it is meant that the Duke, for the purpose of accomplishing this by his power and authority, intended to effect a mar riage between his eldest son and the Illustrious Princess, who, according to the probability of all human events, may he considered destined to preside over these realms. Now, if any Minister could entertain such a design, if he could make use of his power to accomplish such an event, it would, indeed, be a treacherous conduct towards his Sove reign that would truly call for very severe punish ment. The question for you is, whether the Duke should under this charge against him—and made by a person who seems to write in the character of a gentleman, giving some appearance to the publication, as if it were not the dull production of 31r. Alexander, but of a person whose name is introduced to carry it off and give it a semblance of authority, whether he should rest satisfied without noticing it? Most unquestionably the Duke of Wellington is of a contrary opinion—he thinks that he is bound to notice it. I run of the same opinion. I think he was bound to notice it, and he has noticed it, not in the form of an es-officio information. The only difference between which and an ex-officio information is, that in this information the previous opinion of the Grand Jury is taken. In this instance, the case has been laid before the Grand Jury, to know whether the matter deserved to be carried further or not, and they con sidered that it ought to be prosecuted. The libel concludes thus—" I am not hypocrite enough to say that I ant your Highness's obedient servant, John Litton Crosbie, A.M., Minister of Sydenham, Kent, and domestic Chaplain to his Royal Highness tie Duke of Cumberland, a Prince before whom 1 h ope to see you quail."feelingthe Nowtilijis individual apiece w ofnonsense ;but it charac terises has, written this publication, by introducing the name of his Royal High ness the Duke of Cumberland, and thus treating it with disrespect ; for undoubtedly the introduc tion of his flame into such a lihel as this, b°ll.di-Yiyaalny thing but an act of llighness the Duke of : his any Chaplain as thi s Rev. J. L. as btit if h e h a d, I am su re he could cannot cciiursormsebsbpieeer b ci laet Cumberland d do e e n i hl n oi d kke un l s toi y , ecw, not wish him to state that he wished to see the Duke of, Wellington quailing be f ore hint, the Duke of Cr, b t ;;; Lind. It would b e most co ntradictory to suppose 3. d Duke of Wellingt o n on the one hand had th e P" that that .tutliority which is attributed to hint here, and the° one me should quail b e fo re any individual. If the re he sq„,jtls individual whom the Duke of Wellington appro cl T respect it is the Sovereign of the countrysAnd " all to that Sovereign he feels that res;•ect whic h be '' ePed to entertain ; but as to fearing any man, perb B o not say the Duke is the last person who Would enter"i2 such a feeling. v.in and The affidavit proving the proprietorship was . read, also a copy of the Morning Journal c ontaion libel. fr. John Barrett Leonard called and examined by I GURNEY. ( l e ek Mr. Gum.Tav-- . .--Mr. Leonard, I believe yo u are in the Privy Council Office Witness—Yes. a cellt et Mr. GURNEY—On the 30th of July, do you r - ,acl if his Grace the Duke of Wellington was at that time before a member of the Privy Council? Witness—He was. Mr. IItiMPHRIrS then rose for the defendant, Div. son. Ile assured them with regret, when he fist cants. of Court that morning, he hail not had an opporturotroor making himself master of the contents of the libe l ' e ra. had he any knowledge that he was to have been eng i l i f fu lti le felt it necessary to make these remarks, becau se be, Jury be obliged to ti elms somewhat on the patience of the the and his Lord.hip, and he trusted they would Oc t ' s !, to imperfection of any obligations that he sho uld sob° fbe them in the absence of a maturer con•ideretion I )n li s t Rubj-ct. He did not know, however, whether 't to tn . glit have been a misfortune was not an advant fi . t ,, him, because he mine with his mind fresh to the sub),o and in his own opinion he thought he should bare ', i ll) , difficulty in persuading the Jury to a dif f e rent view 010,„ case than had been expressed in the opinion of the Atter : lo General. That Learned Counsel had stated that this t the fourth libel which it had been necessary to bring lions for against the newspaper in que stieu. Ile beg!; however, to assure them, that it wa s onl y the first 00°,1 which had been brought against the gentleman whorna:, had th e h onour o f re presenting. That g entleman o w h clergyman, a m em b er of the Church of England, wh e ; s for several years been considering a nd writing on the .„, which, at the same time in which the alleged libels were p.,P." lished, had so greatly excited the attention of the pub; He called called it a libel, because it had bee n so called b/ df , Learned Friend, but for his own part he took a Yeti oft ferent vier/ of it. It contained no corrept m otive ag,. g, the private character or conduct of the Duke of ton ; it contained no imputation bat against his conduct, which was open to the observation of eve r y °°: ptehraniwf Wes it did net meddle with, or offer a n opion n l id d the private worth of the Duke of Wellington. I t al ' a ble to nothing but that for which the Duke was anet e , er tf - er e to the public—his public conduct as a public man• f l e d was an advantage of which the Duke might have at; so himself in this publication, which was not generally IPO,O by p ilitical observations : that advantage was, that t d not anonymous. It contained the rank, the rams, ,bt situation of the person who wrote it. If it could be the' 4 i f y. that the Duke of Wellington could have a private 0411°113 against a newspaper, the course pursued in this case well justify that opinion, for why was not she libeller o 'er ' self—if a libel it were—brought there to-day, to ' boo in his own person for what lie had written ? It hiii „ e said that the Press was a vehicle from which could t'ol anonymoualy the moat scandaloue and slanderous observavit e, to tile public, but he thought it a little singular that . n_ ff a person who was the composer of that which h d 1 7, 1 p to-day charged as a libel could be found by the proserto`',„ that the noble prosecutor should be advised that it was his best course to set himself in array a gainst the printer proprietor of a newspaper. But why (Paid the Counsel) dthe oes he ire n on ot e_ pr w es h e;u d t , e we rh h e e If writer think that if the writer had bier prosecuted, the charge would sustain it here to-day ? If he door; which has been so boast,e, cannot say much for that valour proceed against the publisher and the punter pb . r°efil'eara . bnilea . t : of. Might not the person who had put his name to the publication, have sufficed for the prosecution? Is he r h , to be found ? He tells us in the publica t i on itself Oslo ut/e1 is private Chaplain to the Duke of Cumberland. I'Ve e re , not have been more manly , mo r e honourable, to h9O, (erred Lim to the printer and the publisher ? L ef fle r. a however, gentlemen, look at the date of this le e ta Was it not published within a very few Pt' f t he pr ei inciples i a r, s ec u ai pt t en , isu l i a m ' i li lb. i e c er l re t : o i i n fr the th d e nil t n ) g p ei ! ra n: ) . i i tt n haen o nt f a t io h t fewtmahsai this o k r i i n t y g. r d c o g r: ; b oat. ° t f c t l e i f o l t n t l c n y l . e' s o w l e t h x e w c n i a t e s d fi rt.h. e m i a ) :y hti n e l months the An-pdesswilhn,lelnotei.ftesavott 311 the empire to its foundation? There never sv , " a n Y in q t o opinion of a large portion of the community tl , " r° writer 0 his duty to feel deeply' rtioo member of that eitahlisiiment, which larg e P ° l , the community concurred with him in thinking' ha t ceived almost its death-blow at that time from the crio d 37 sure which was passed. When I hear my Learned ( the Attorney-General imputing to this gentleroanblood -• t ranee of the met its of the Catholic question, I fe e f i fr b to say that he was not alone in the opinions ve' ) l the ' 11 then held. If he erred, he did so with tome most excellent, the wisest, and the most bos ° ° r oce a persons in this country. It may be folly--iNn I believe it is nut ; but if it were, it was she coat' men with whom it is an honour to have any thing to mon. The Duke of Wellington might take the ere both b himself for having carried that measure through: 1 Houses of Parliament : he might take credit to h ' ri' a a t k s tl ott,tt;:ueilf:airtee, Attorney-General c: merittri noteinn•reiseyniueia-g:nitGtheusee, publications,genri,,uecie:veerr ns e ar n t)li 0.. eetiitest:.adg himi: s a toilit e :efs i a v neiai tmt i lor l uivineer oa w etd:th ,? : ea r rntl , ehs t i.thh y fy:ieiit w Lrai ao i ai t c frni ' y ' i ri h nlao a deb et t s iw t d l t fi l ee h f i rue e thrlri s igeic e ,ett o ohro , ol,olbl for be f men who hold high situations ought to treat with al h e ft is observed that persons of re tl s r a e ", pu l b n li a c n' Pre s' 's , p they prosecute one another, do so with an are' rity which is s e ldom f oun d in p r ivate or other to aecutions. But does th e Le a rned Counsel m en °he compare such a case with the present ? P°Zeli,g mean to justify by that the Duke of Wellington', "" 00 0° t sore at such a paltry att ac k, b ecause two or three P e t , f of the public Press feel a little soreness at obser',', oleli upon each other? Is th e c onqueror o f a hundred '5,00, to be compared with a poor p r i n t er ? That because Pe r r ho of the public Press have a je a l ous y o f each other/ th ief, to I Duke of Wellington should think it d u e to his dig,n'lrest prosecute a poor scribbl er i n a news p a p e r? Fresh I°r9 Wa'erloo, noes he thi n k h e can a dd m ore to h ie g ieo ' by such a prosecution as this? Now, Gentlemen, h o t t te, o sa at the article complained of. I know o f n o objection tOacet. having for object to m arr y his son to an infant P r L igi „ the For the set could not b e ill ega l if it were don e Royal assent. This, it appears, is the only charged le the learned Att o rn e y-G enera l seems t o have selects t° it a libel to suppose that it was his Grace's in teci 1-i° marry the heir of Apslry House to an infant Prin e `r - ith' s apprehend that it would be legal for any s ubject ite, ° realm to have Such an intention ; for the net itself 1; 1 1 0 1 ; Royal assent, would not be illegal. I never yet be er ,. ill' if he had married this infant Princess, i t t . ° O l / 1 have been any harm, for the Royal aa sen- rrie c ; be given to a subject as well as to the highes t h 'r bin Europe. There are two points, Gentlemen, to w ry ) ita" beg to direct your most serious attention. It is eery 11°' Portant in reading a libel, to say whether tilers art of specific charge which can be expected to make a me or which can justify h' for bringing • ,G) -r him it into a i v: Justice. If there is nothing more, Gentlemen, than "doti e for defendant has done nothing more than has b e A eu :he r ; or centuries past. I say it has been determin ed alt tee wise. Gentlemen, if abuse is to be considered li b Quo have had some of the most noble, some of the to es :, t i l trious libellers that have ever lived, whom perb , P e 0 0 ' you, Gentlemen, have beard, but of whom I ba" . i f ec f. tr , rend ; I have seen papers, I have seen speeches 'oll;„c:',ltP tained the directest and mose severe charges a 0,7, ieer Minister of the day. If your wish to object to sores of their government, which you hare a rig"` ~° I O, are your words to be rendered in such milk and Wa t ;:d l ' of gunge, otrea, ttcdiciocoutur,bt,: Gentlemen, ,intry kiciecg:iehluyttaoh attentiongui t % s b y l,e l i t i : c kro l e . ft clat,iaarnet publicct a oh lueonndteterryfleitro:iniininalgyanitt.;h: r bps 1;11 hita-ee, was your thn to condtheacquit h writer e p r p e r ohveerde, any tlae P c b i s t i ; e is likely to bring the Duke of Wellington into c oy e' er or is it only t' e real opinions of a person labouring a delusion ; if :mu place it to the foundation of his Of 001 only endeavouring to bring lielore the public, O j , i g ts which at least a very large portion of the inhoub in t s tie f , 'at; this kingdom, had concurred with him in dert i hih e i : Now, Gentlemen, let us look at the cont nti f S " - sf or,'; I; Now, gentlemen, let us stop here. There are d i e r ip; " ignorance, vanity, and ambition." You bace s „ se t ' to say, if you think so, that a man is ignorant. val e re ambitious, and here language does not afford soft ,gs' enough to state what we think in more tender Mog i ! Jar We must, therefore, address ourselves in the evel'etir language of feeling, and if it be libellous to do language must be altered, our language mbst be Alo e ; s pill that we may not venture to wound great ro°I) t ( I f t t t);,