The Sun. — London, England, 1869-12-15 00:00:00

OMIT OP THE PITIILIO JOURNALS The Times asks, supposing the better class of races are to be credited with only a tithe of the mischievous effects, both to horses and men, which are attributed to them, what we are to expect from the paltriest parodies upon them—from the wretched little hole-and-corner races Which are scarcely known even by name to any but pro ? Coed sporting men, but are got up chiefly to put money into the pockets of a few innkeepers and a crowd of " sharpers ?" They are described by the expressive title of "Publicans' Races," and belong to the class denounced by Sir Joseph Hawley and Mr. Chaplin in their joint letter on Two-year-old Racing, as the class of which "gate money is avowedly the object." Unluckily, the mischief they do is not confined to those who attend them. Every householder and pedestrian in their neighbourhood 1, exposed to attacks from the ruffians whom they bring together, and who cannot be expected to forego what opportunities may occur of combining a little criminal business with the pleasurable pursuit of sport. We arr told that "robberies in the neighbourhood are of nightly occurrence," and that such a " state of terror" prevails during the races that in ono instance a neighbour went so far as to " have his grounds patrolled by well-armed men." A correspondent, who has himself had the dubious satis faction of having his own ' premises " tried " by sporting housebreakers, suggests a remedy in theory at least very simple. The races are got up by publicans for the sake of the "gate or entrance money." At one meeting•alone £6OO was in this way taken. By refusing licences, therefore to these publicans the magistrates would assail the evil at the fountain load. The refusal would, doubtless, be jus tifiable enou4since a publican who encourages races of this kind is as great a nuisance to a neighbourhood as one who keeps a disreputable or noisy nighthouse. But it is not easy to see how in practice the encouragement could be brought home to any particular man. He could always keep himself in the background, and, though really the promoter of the race, and perhaps the person most inte rested in it, could be represented by friends beyond the magistrates' reach. We fear, therefore, that our corre spondent's grievance is not so easily remedied as he imagines. But still he has done good service by exposing its real character, and bringing it before the public. If it is true, remarks the Standard, that Pius the Ninth is bent upon proclaiming the dogma of the Pope's personal Infallibility, it is hardly possible but that such an inten tion should create the liveliest interest among the Roman Catholic Governments. In such a matter it hardly becomes Protestants to intervene, except as critics. The affair is only ours indirectly, as marking the spirit of the Roman Church, and the character of its pretensions. A Church which is to become " greater than Heaven," of which the human chief, who is at the same time a temporal prince, is to be endowed with Divine attributes, introduces. it is true, a new element in the political not less than in the religious world. It is certain that the last thing of which the bishops, who are represented by Dr. Manning, are thinking, is to act consistently with the necessities of the times; and to the "legitimate aspira 'rations of modern nations " they have shown themselves to be supremely indifferent. They interpret the one great duty of the age to mean the repression of the spirit of science. The want of the times they hold to be the crushing of all opinion which is not theirs. And of modern nations they believe that the most legitimate aspira tion is to possess an incarnate God at Rome, who shall reign, through his bishop, over al the temporal and spiritual affairs of the earth. That the promulgation of the dogma of Papal infallibility will cause even the Roman Catholic Princes to modify their relations with the Pope is certain. No inde- pendent nation can consent to the assumption by Rome of an authority which would hereafter make her the supreme dictator of half the civilised world. France, of all countries, will not tamely submit to such a subjection; and if Dr. Manning andthe Jesuits insist upon carrying out their wild projects we may safely calculate that whatever increase of divinity there will be to the Pope, there will be, at least, a corresponding falling off in the human part. The infalli bility may come, but the Zouaves will go; and what then will become of Ultramontanism? The Daily Hews refers to Mr. Galton's remarkable work on " Hereditary Genius,", and says that he has produced a number of statements which would be well-nigh incredible were it not for the careful accumulation of statistics by which he endeavours to sustain them. Some of his conclusions, whether correct or not, are, to say the least, curious and suggestive. Mr. Galton has calculated that in Great Britain one person in each 4,000 is eminent, one in 1,000,000 illustrious ; so that fame, whatever it be worth, is of extremely difficult attainment. The few men who climb the steep "where Fame's proud temple shine's afar" do so at the loss of many an honest pleasure, and at the cost of many a heartache. Genius, however, is not repressed by such considerations. It must have its way, however arduous that way may be; and as a proof that the hindrances of English social life are "not effectual in repres sing high ability, the number of eminent men in England i ; as great as in other countries where fewer hindrance. exist." Mr. Galton's opinion of the monks of the Miildk Ages is apparently more favourable than MI opinion of modern divines, who, he says, are " on the whole an ailing body of men," and have wretched constitutions. Yet s,, strong is his belief in the muscular vigour of men of brain, that he undertakes to pick out of the group of divines mentioned in his pages, as out of any other group, ." an eleven ' who should compete in any physical feats whatever against similar selections from groups 'of twice or thrice their numbers, taken at haphazard from equally well-fed classes." Mr. Galton's challenge shews that he is utterly opposed to the once popular delusion that men who follow intellectual pursuits are generally unhealthy. Certain it is that the men who within living memory have been most famous in the departments of learning, literature, and science, have, with few exceptions, been remarkable also for muscular strength and sound physical development. The Telegraph observes that Mr. Odger is determined to go to the poll for Southwark, and wonders if it can im press upon the other Liberal candidates the wisdom of retiring ? The artisans named for this borough have with drawn in favour of Mr. Odger ; the chairman of his com mittee is Mr. Allen, Secretary to the Amalgamated Engineers—the most powerful organisation of working men in the United Kingdom. To Mr. Labouchere we make the first appeal, for his position differs widely from that of Sir Sydnoy Waterlow. 'The question is more than local The middle class candidates ought to retire for reasons far beyond any connected with Southwark itself. They will confer a great boon on the Liberal party by making way at once, and cheerfully, for a working man. Let them look at the question fairly. The present House 'of Commons, without exception, is composed of upper and middle-class men. It must, moreover, be borne in mind, that, in Mr. Odger will be the only working man in Parlia- xnenti, he will represent, not Southwark alone, swarming with artisans, but, indirectly and in an intelligible sense, title whole of the working men in the United Kingdom. Many members of the House, though nominally connected with a single constituency, indirectly represent some important interest. We have advocated a preliminary ballot among the candidates, to decide who shallOcome to the contest with the united goodwill of the Liberal party. Mr. Labouchere has, it is true, accepted that view; but, since the other candidates cannot be brought to it, we shall not regret that Mr. Odger—per aonallyeeligible and respectable in every way—has deter minodith go to the poll. It is the duty of every Liberal, nada/ e-class or otherwise, to support him ; and it is the bounden duty of the three other candidates to withdraw, Aral not to risk a Liberal defeat. Should a Tory get in, the 'blame will lie, not on the shoulders of Mr. Labouchere, whom we bind to his declaration of Tuesday night, but on Sir Sydney Waterlow and Sir Francis Lycett. The Government, says the Post, need not apprehend that the measures of preparation against the possibility of an 'outbreak in Ireland will entail upon them any charge of precipitancy. Public opinion has for many days past begun to characterise the position of the Government in Ireland.na one of hazardous apathy, and to stigmatise the policy-ea the Executive as a policy of dangerous delay, fouiadred on an unreasonable reliance upon the power and influences of conciliation. But, if there be ground for the opinion that the Government have been somewhat tardy in recognising facts, it must 'in fairness be admitted that, now that they have claimed recognition, they have been met in a comprehensive and effective manner. It was not unnatural that Mr. Glad stone should be reluctant to come to the conclusion that a measure of justice had failed to fulfil the expectations v hich many people had hung upon it, and that a policy of conciliation had not proved equal to the repression of exhi bitions of discontent amounting to declarations of dis loyalty. Now, however, that events and circumstances have satisfied Mr. Gladstone that not only hope Las not been realised, hut that peace and order are in dan: - . ;er of actual disturbance, the measures taken by the Government are such that no fault can be picked in them, and they are in every respect so thorough and so complete in organisation that they will at once . convey assurance to the loyal and industrious of efficient protection, and carry conviction to the turbulent and the disaffee:;ed that the Executive, backed by the whole power of the country, is determined at whatever cost to prevent if they can, to put down by force without reseave or reticence if they cannot, offences against the laws, be they what they may. A Dublin correspondent telegraphs :—The steward of Mr. Hornidge, Castletown, Westmeath, is reported to have been tired at and severely wounded. A GASOMETER OVERTURNED IN THE GALE. An extraordinary contretemps occurred on Monday evening, about six o'clock, upon the premises of the Cam bridge University and Town Gas Works. The wind, which had been very strong all day, had then increased in violence ro such a degree that the largest gasometer attached to the works was completely capsised, and many thousands of cubic feet of gas escaped instantaneously. Although there was no light of any kind within thirty yards of the gasometer, the nearest light instantly illumined the gas, and an immense flame of firo rose to the heavens,lighting up the sky in the most vivid manner. The utmost alarin was felt in Cambridge when this became apparent, but happily no explosion took place. The flame, however, caused a fire en the premises, and it was at one time feared that it would reach the remaining gasometers. This, however, was fortunately prevented by the ex - el-Lions of a large number of the inhabi tants. An order was at once sent for the public street lamps to be put out all over tl:e town. The new gasometer which was blown over was only recently erected at a cost of X 6,000. The flame as it ascended was seen for many miles round the fens. THE ALLEGED INFRINGEMENT OF COPYRIGHT. Vice-ClancellorJames delivered judgment on Tuesday in the case of Jarrold v. Heywood, in which the defendants, two brothers engaged in educational pursuits were charged with having pirated very extensively from a work of Dr. Brewer, entitled " The Guide Book to Science," &c., in a work which they had published under the title of "The Hand- Book of Science." His Honour said the plaintiff com plained that in a great part of defendants' work they had taken substantially from the work of Dr. Brewer, although they had altered some of the language. This was denied by the defendants, but they admitted that they had used a doctor's work amongst others for school purposes, and that the books they had consulted amounted to between fifty and sixty, and that from the nature of the works of himself and that of Dr. Brewer's, there must necessarily be an identity in design and similarity in language. It was apparent that the defendants had consulted Wells and other writers, and that they had been engaged in the compiling of a work. He considered that where a party used works which had been nublished, and were open to the public, it could not be said that he had been guilty of piracy. Having referred to portions of the work of the defendants on the subject of light, fog, the Lakes of Killarney, echo, tides, monsoons, &c., and having quoted from the text of the work, he said he was quite satisfied that the defendants must have consulted books other than Dr. Brewer's, and there was proof of substantial literary labour on their part. His verdict, acting as a jury, was that no piracy had been committed, and that plaintiff's bill must be dismissed with costs. RAID FOR ARMS IN DUBLIN. The latest news from Dublin is very startling. The raid for arms made there on Tuesday was a most audacious attempt. A few minutes before nine, four mon entered the shop of Mr. Dowling, gunsmith, Dame-street, and pre sented revolvers at two apprentices in charge. Mr. Dowling, who was at breakfast, hearing a noise, ran into the shop, where he saw four men—three of whom were armed with revolvers, and a fourth carried a black leather bag. Mr. Dowling cried, " What is this ?" One of the men replied, "This is it "—at the same time firing at Mr. Dowling, but without effect. The man who fired immediately escaped, and was followed by the others—one of whom, when he reached the door, fired a second shot at Dowling, which fortunately missed him. The third man, on going out, struck Mr. Dowling with the bag he carried. The four men managed to escape. They did not take any arms from Mr. Dowling's shop. About an hour afterwards the shop of Mr. Parkinson, gunsmith, on Arran-quay, was Entered by four men. They addressed the porter, and asked him if his master was in the house. Seeing a revolver in the hand of one, he ran towards the workshop, and when his back was turned a shot was fired. Parkinson hearing the report ran down stairs. Passirg from the workshop down into the shop he was flied at. Ho ran. to the hall door to give alarm, but before ho could do so the men had left the shop and turned mound the corner, where a cab was in waiting, into which they gut. Parkinson returned to the shop and found two pistols had been taken. No arrests have been made, but the police are investigating the matter. THE GALE. The southerly gale blew with great violence on all our coasts on Monday; but, according to meteorological re port, had yesterday veered to west, and moderated gene rally. In the South of Ireland, however, it was still blow ing hard from the north-west, with showers. Rain has again been general, but not heavy. The weather is still nructtled. The sea remains very high in the north-cast, and rather rough elsewhere. AR coasts were cautioned yesterday by the department. Several shipping tthasters are announced. Two men were drowned off Southwold on Mcnday by the capsizing of a boat. The brig Ca: lton, of London, from Sunderland to Caen, foundered off Scarborough. The Inamarino, bound from Foochowfoo to London, struck on a line of reefs in the China Sea, and went to pieces. One boat containing six men from the wreck is missing. The master and remainder of the crew were saved. Thevessel is reported to have been laden with tea. The Hordaland, bound to Queenstown from Bergen, struck on the Has borough Sands, and went to pieces. The brig Espoir, and the ship Bosworth, have both foundered. The passengers of the latter were rescued by the Douro. Another vessel, a collier brig, bound from Sunderland to London, foun dered near Scarborough. Telegrams from Edinburgh state that quite a hurricane has been blowing there from the south-west. On Monday evening five men in a small lifeboat attempted to reach the ship Indus, lying in the middle of the stream, off the quay. After struggling for more than an hour, the boat filled and turned over, and two of the men were drowned. The other three, by means of the oars and swimming, and being driven towards the quay were picked up completely exhausted. They had been it the water more than an hour. The names of the mer drowned were Arnold and Whiffin. They hailed from London. LAW AND POLICE. THE LONDON, CHATHAM, AND DOVER RAILWAY.—In thf Court of Appeal, before .tho Lord Chancellor, a petitior has been presented under the direction of the arbitrator, in the case of the London, Chatham, and Dover Railway for the payment out of court of the sum of £lO,OOO, being moneys paid in by the receivers, and standing to the credi' of the causes of "Gardiner and Drainbridge v. the Com pany." The order was given by the Lord Chancellor, sub ji et to the consult of the other side. THE NEW CROSS ACCIDENT AGAIN.--Another court tc assess the damages arising out of the accident to the Licensed Victual l ers' train, at the Crystal Palace me in June, has been held by the Sheriff of London. Two cases were brought before it, one of Mrs. Dear, who received an award of £1,500 for serious injuries received, and the other of Mr. Allen and his wife, who were awarded £550. ROBBERY WITH VIOLENCE.—Two women and a mat, were found guilty at the Central Criminal Court, of a street robbery with violence. One of the women had been twice previously convicted, and was sentenced to seven years' penal servitude, the other to twelve months. The man was sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment and twenty-five lashes. ROBBING , LETTERS.—Two letter-carriers have been charged, at the Durham Assizes, with stealing letters One of them, who was only 18 years of age, was employed at the Gateshead post-office, and had been previously con victed. He was sentenced to seven years penal servitude The other was employed at South Shields, and fifty-six parts of letters were found on searching his lodgings. HE was sentenced to five years' penal servitude. CHARGE OF SHOOTING A POLICEMAN.—The grand jury at the Dublin Assizes have thrown out two bills charging eight Irishmen with shooting at a policeman with a revolver, at Bishop Auckland, in July last, and also with riot and assault. There were more than twenty witnesses in this case whose collapse will thus materially shorten the Assizes. CHARGE OF FIRING A BARN.—At the Salisbury Assizes a man, named Stocker, was indicted for setting fire to a barn, near Itamsbury. Damage amounting to nearly £2,000 was done. The prisoner, who was a carter in the farmer's employ; assisted in putting the lire out, and the chief evidence against him was given by a person who had questicned him about the origin. A young woman, named Sarah Giddens, stated positively that he was walking with her when the fire broke out. ..No motive was suggested for the offence, as there had been:no quarrel. The jury found a verdict of guilty, and the pri soner was sentenced to eight years' penal servitude. THE ALLEGED REMOVAL OF A DlNATlC. — Frederick Le Vierge, an engineer, who was charged with forcibly remov ing his father, while delirious, from the charge of his wife, and with striking her, has been discharged at Worship street, the magistrate holdingthat no unnecessary violence had been used. Blom Soucrro:zs.—Two men named Pugh and Bey have been charged at the Central Criminal Court with falsely representing themselves to be attorneys. One , of thorn had been an attorney's clerk, the other was a Sta veyor. The Commissioner observing that such a practi 60 must be put a stop to, sentenced them each to a fine c 4 £2O or two months' imprisonment, F 11E SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EMING, DECEMBER 15, 1869. FOTIBIGN NOTES, DISTITRRINCB9 IN PORTUGAL. The Morning Post has been requested to state - on - official authority that the Government of Portugal enjoy the full confidence of the Crown and the support of the country, and that no disturbances are apprehended. If this intelligence should prove correct, the accounts lately furnished are of course inaccurate. THE ALABAMA QUES7IOY. (From the Anglo American Times.) The Times distinguished itself by producing la3t Tuesday two columns and a half of the PRESIDENT'S Message through the Atlantic Cable. A summary thus full prevents any great misconception of the PRESIDENT'S remarks, and as those portions relating to Europe mast have been given at more consider- able length, we perhaps get most of what Gen. GRANT said about the dispute between Great Bri- .ain and the United States, commonly known as the Alabama question. Practically, the PRESIDENT endorses the celebrated speech of Senator SUMNER, and as the Senate also has endorsed that speech, England cannot mistake the general tone, and she ought not to mistake the views of the Executive and the Senate,in which case she may begin to comprehend what is demanded., and accept or reject it accord ing to the national sense of justice and of honour. it has been truthfully asserted that the dispute might have been settled immediately on the close of the American war by a mere reimbursement of the losses sustained by American citizens from the depredations of the cruisers fitted out in Eng- [and. Both Mr. SU3INER and the late Mr. COB- DEN, in common with the numerous party each represented, who look mainly to a firm alliance be- ,ween the nations, grounded on the broadest prin- ciples of justice, rather rejoice than regret that such a settlement failed to be effected, and Gen. GRANT gives an emphatic support to their reasoning. Be lieving that a Convention inadequate in its pro- visions could not have produced that hearty and cordial settlement of pending questions, which alone would have been consistent with the relations which the PRESIDENT desires to have established between ;he United States and Great Britain, he regarded the action of the Senate in rejecting the treaty to have been wisely taken in the interest of peace, and as a necessary step in the direction of a perfect and cordial friendship between the two countries. In his celebrated speech Senator SUMNER said— "It cannot be for the interest of either party that such a treaty should be ratified ; it cannot promoto the interests of the United States, for we naturally seek justice as the foundation of a good understanding with Great Britain; nor can it promote the interests of Groat Britain, which must also seek a real settlement of all pending questions. Surely I do not. orr when I say that a wise statesmanship, whether on our side or on the other side, must apply itself to find out the real root of the evil, and then, with cour- age, tempered by candour and moderation, see that it is extirpated. This is for the interest of both parties, and anything short of it is a failure. it is sufficient to say that the present treaty does no such thing; and whatever may have been the disposition of the negotiators the real root of evil remains untouched in all its original strength." What is this evil, which both the PRESIDENT and Mr. SUMNER consider necessary to eradicate ere the relations between the countries can be placed on a satisfactory footing ? This question, like most others, is more easily propounded than satisfacto rily answered. The truth is that enmity is the soil iu which this root has been nourished, alike by the sub jects of her MAJESTY and the citizens of the United States. Through each runs a vein of dislike to the other, but, unfortunately for England, that dislike was in the upper crust of the island, or the governing classes ; hence it as:umed au aspect and an activity for evil, which led the casual spectator into the be lief that the whole country was saturated with the eruption of the hostility spread along its surface. In his now well-known letter to Mr. F. M. EDGE, which that gentleman quotes in his pamphlet ad dressed to Mr. GLADSTONE, the late Mr. COBDEN gave very forcible expression to this truth in these words : " The fact is, and the whole fact, that our ruling class, and a large section of the upper middle class, have been so rampant in their hostility to the great Republic, of whose strength and resources they aro dangerously ignorant, that they jumped instantly to the conclusion that, to use their own unhappy phrase, 'the Republican bubble had burst,' and they commenced to treat that country as they would Brazil." here you have the baneful soil which has nourished the baneful root, and had not its elements iu a measure changed, in vain one root might have been pulled up, for it would rapidly have been re placed by another. The true evil lies in this enmity, which we are thankful to say is rapidly chang ing with the Democratic tendencies of the Bri:ish. Almost its whole strength lay in the oligarchical insti • ution which it was the direct interest of a power ful sec.ion of the country to uphold. This could not be done unless " the Republican bubble burst," and when that appeared probable every other considera tion gave way before it. Active help was given to the rebels, not from sympathy with the Confederate cause, but to burst the bubble. Denunciations as E strong of the North, as cheering and encouraging to the South, were wafted across the ocean from Eng land, and New Englanders b e h e ld w i t h amazemen t the country of WILBERFORCE, and the Parliament that voted £20,000, 00 0 for the liberation of the West Indian negro, and which suppressed by armed inter vention the slave trade, in an unholy alliance with a slave-holding Confederation against them, while in the agony of a struggle to expunge the very blot upon their Republican institutions which England had never ceased to denounce. The Tory action fully upheld their declarations, and are Englishmen idiotic enough to suppose that those thus doubly struck can quickly forget and forgive the injury. 'the Tory feeling which had produced the lampoons on the Republic, the sarcastic remarks on its citizens, which for many years had tended to fo ment American dislike to England, then culminated not only in gross misrepresentations, in falsifying the news, and making little Confederate Generals big, and big Federal Generals little, in making suc cessful skirmishes on the one side brilliant victories, and the brilliant victories of the other doubtful and obscure affairs (this impression of the war actually rema i n i ng in Europe till now), but in acts as da maging to the material interests of the Government and the people. Here we have the injury and its cause ; but how are we to get at the remedy ? America has attributed the animus to the na tion, and it is hard to persuade a people who rule that a kindred people who did not at that time rule could allow themselves to be thus misrepre sented. If Americans generally believed Lord Rus- SELL'S statement to be true, that had England been polled a large majority would have been found to favour the North, much of the irritation would be allayed, for a people so eminently just would not wish, even if they had the power, to enforce an atonement to the injury of their friends as well as of their enemies. Another fact favours a settle ment beneficial alike to both countries. Instead of the Republican bubble bursting it came out very like a chilled Palisser shot, which _struck down all the fortifications of its enemies, and bounded along with little injury to itself. This bubble has turned out to be an uncommonly hard nut to crack, and its enemies, now recognizing the fact, bow to the in evitable and desire reconciliation, leaving the fur ther march of events to progress unobstructed. The change has been great in England in knowledge, and consequently in feeling, with regard to the United States since 1860, and the Americans of to day are in a measure aware of this truth, that they are dealing with a very different nation from the English of the period of the war. Mr. EDGE, in his pamphlet, says : "Speaking in behalf of the entire nation, the American Senate by its action upon the Treaty announces the fol lowing determination :---‘ We will never give our consent to any proposed arrangement of disputes with Great Bri tain which does not include full consideration and settle ment of all queStions which have arisen between the two Governments since 1861;' and if we may judge by the correspondence which has passed between Lord STANLEY, Earl CLARENDON, and Hr. REVERDY JOHNSON, our position is this : We will never consent to the actions or policy of her MAJESTY'S Government being called in question or subinittell to arbitration.' We agree, in fact, to negotiate upon individual claims, but we positively decline to listen to any complaint of damage suffered by the citizens of the United States in the aggregate, consequent upon our po licy, or laclies, as a Government." Now the PitEstnr.xfs Message emphatically sustains the position taken by the Senate and the American people. Thus it appears that the Executive, Congress, and the citizens are pretty well united on the sub ject, and the only effect of discussion has been to confirm and affirm this unanimity. The Times regrets that the PRESIDENT can only see one side to the question, regretting as well that ideas are still pre valent in Washington which are absolutely inconsis tent with the prospect of an early settlement of the question. These ideas General GRANT gives a sound reason to show will be lasting—" A sensitive people, conscious of their power, are more at ease under a great wrong wholly unatoned for than under the restraint of a settlement that satisfied neither their idea of justice nor their grave sense of the grievance they had sustained." Ilencedelibe rately the PRESIDENT, as well as the people, prefer no settlement to one they consider inadequate ; and we have studied the American Press to no purpose if we cannot fully endorse this as the decision of the American people. AIIIERICAN FINANCE. Next in i►nportance to Europe to the subject we have discussed in the foregoing article are the words of the Message relating to the National Debt. The resources of the nation General GRANT observes, ought to make its credit the best on earth, for, with a less burden of taxation than has been endured for the past six years, the entire debt could be paid in ten years ; but taxation, in order to pay it so fast, is not desirable. Ile believed the time was approaching when all the Bonds now due may be replaced with Bonds at a lesser rate of in- terest, not exceeding 41 percent., and all the Debt to fall clue hereafter might be similarly placed. This opinion is sneeringly alluded to in the Times as that of a simple soldier who could not have mastered eco- nomic science; while that paper adds : " But it would seem obvious to any one acquainted with the ma nagement of affairs, that as long as the Six per Cent. Bonds are below par in the market it is impolsible to effect a reduction in the rate of the interest they bear. The contrary opinion, often enough ex pressed in American journals, is countenanced by General GRANT'S language ; but, as no practical consequence can follow from the error, it may be allowed to refute itself." This is a good instance of the way in which the TinzeB discusses American subjects. Gen. GRANT went on to state, to accom plish the object it may be necessary to authbrize inte rest to be paid in several European cities, and the Times was aware that GRANT meant and the Ame- rican -Press exptessed another condition favourable to the new Bonds, that the period of their duration would be considerably lengthened. The price of these Six per Cent. Bonds has risen upwards of twelve per cent. on the London market within six months —seven or eight more would send them over par, and in the face of this, we ask, was not the PRESI- DENT justified in stating that the time approaches when they may be funded at a lower interest ? But the simplesoldier ignorant of economic science did not ground his opinion on this fact, for he had some thing much more substantial, and he is not in the habit of going into action ignorant of what and where his supports are. It is clear that he pointed to Europe as the place where this financial opera tion was to be performed. lle expressly stated that it would be first necessary to authorize interest to be paid at several European cities. Now the value of this can only be shown by the result ; but we believe it will be found materially to enhance Vie Bonds in the countries w herein they are made payable. One of the objections to United States Bonds in tl:c eyes of European investors is that the coupons are payable in America. Thus they are placed in the hands of their bankers, who work out for them an intricate exchange, and the majority are com pelled to acc?pt what they get, as they find it diffi cult to comprehend the figures through which the banker arrives at the result. It is a well-known fact that if a traveller took one hundred sovereigns for exchange to a money dealer in London, again exchanged the untouched proceeds in Paris, went through the same operation in Berlin and other capitals, such is the rapacity of these dealers that before he had gone very far his hundred sovereigns would have evaporated, or that when he returned to London it would be with only a few shillings. This is as true of paper exchange, and in obviating the necessity for such a process the United States Bonds will rapidly rise in European estimation. But this is not all that is required to send them into the strong boxes of trustees and similar investors. They must have permanency, as a bond running over only ten years would scarcely do as the provision for a widow and child, ea. It is probable, there fore, that the time may be extended to 20 or 30 years, and on the face of the Mod wi l be the dis tinct condition that it will be repaid without deduc tion, in gold, the interest being met semi-annually, in certain cities of the world, free from any charge of taxation or from any other charge. Now, will the Times state what is the value of these conditions, and can it tell us whereiu will lie the difference which can impart to the Britizh Consol a higher value for the same return than to the United States Bond? General GRANT starts with the proposition that the resources of the nation ought to make its credit the best on earth ; and it is this that should be de molished by those who wish to demolish his con- elusion. Batthe fact is undeniable that the resoums of the United States, other things being equal, ought to make its credit the best in the world. Those aware also that the citizens of the Republic have discovered the truth of the proverb, on which th-y will act, that honesty is not only good, but the best policy, would surely prefer a United States Bond at 4 per cent. on the conditions proposed by the PRE SIDENT to a British Cousol at 31. If so, the sim ple soldier, ignorant of economic science, has but to show that mankind are not all fools to establish his assertion that the time approaches when the change can be made. We admit that there may be another misunderstanding as regards the attitude taken by America on the Alabama question, to interrupt the hitherto steady rise in the price of bonds. But America's attitude is as dignified as it is firm. There is nothing in either the PRESIDENT's Message or in Senator SUMNER's speech but expressions of good will towards the kindred nation of Great Bri tain, and the determination to avoid any interruption to peaceful relations. That attitude is merely this ; —We earnestly desire a satisfactory settlement, bul in the interests of peace we prefer no settlement to one which does not cover the whole dispute.—This is not an attitude calculated to alarm investors. It could scarcely fail, if Englishmen fully compre hended it, to alarm them as a nation, for it leaves their precedent established that might at any mo ment strike them the fatal blow ; but German and French investors will see.in this no reason against purchasing the new bonds, which we may now ex pect to be soon issued on this side. For these rea sons we hold that the limes will, as usual, on Ame rican affairs, prove a false prophet, and that Secre tary BOUTWELL can accomplish what he very wisely proposes to effect. Such a legislation is recommended as will insure a gradual return to specie payments, and put a stop to fluctuations in the value of currency. The simple soldier, ignorant of economic science, brushes away the numerous speculators in political economy, and advises that the Treasury be authorized to re deem its own paper at a fixed price whenever pre sented, and to withhold from circulation all currency received until sold again for gold. This the Times believes to be a violation of two implied guarantees, and a proposal to fix once for all the relative price of paper and gold. The PRESIDENT'S object is to reduce the fluctuations in the value of the paper so detrimental to every interest, and calculated to make gamblers of all business men. It is evident that the Times report of the Message is not suffi ciently explicit on this point to enable it or any one else authoritatively to state what the PRESIDENT meant. It however appears to us that ho proposes, at a date hereafter to be fixed, to redeem the currency on presentation at the Treasury, and to reisue it as the Bank of England issues its notes in exchange for gold; that is, to keep up the currency of the United States as now circulating, but to strengthen the Traasury so fil; it could bear to give gold to all demanding it in exchange for the currency, locking the notes thus redeemed up until the shoe began to pinch, when the notes would be re issue .l to the people who required thAti on the sati; terms as those upon which they had been taken. It may be observed that if this is the PRESIDENT'S meaning he associated it with the reissue of bonds in the European market on lower rates of inte rest, and if such a financial operation can be con cluded, the United States may easily draw a supply of gold from Europe to enable the Treasury with its own accumulated hoard to meet all demands. Americans arc wholly ::tuaccustomed to deal in coin, and they do not want a metal currency. What they have suits them as well asßank of England notes suit the English if its value could be unchange ably fixed, but the value cannot be so fixed until made exchangeable into the currencies of the world at a rate settled by law. If the Treasury were en abled to proclaim that it would give ten dollars in gold for every $l.O currency note presented, no very large amount would be presented, except per haps on the first rush. But the simple soldier seems effectually to provide for this, for he knows that gold is useless to the American except to remit to foreigners and to pay import duties; hence he is aware that on the stringency Ns hich must ensue from large purchases of the metal in currency the men who have useless gold in their hands will soon exchange it into the p Lper which goes. This is a fact which must be fully understood before what the PRESIDENT says can be compreleuded, and we believe that when the Message is received in full the 'I Mmes will be found to have wholly missed his meaning. It is open, however, to another in terpretation ; for the proposal has been made for the Treasury to fix the rate, for specified terms, gradually reducing the premium from the present figure to par. As the Treasury rules in the gold market, its decree would settle the price and Pre ' vent fluctuations, every one basing their transac tions on a known figure. But this is open to the objection that such au arbitrary valuation is a par tial repudiation by the United States Government of its own paper. To buy in the market as any other party through a broker is one thing, to decree that the United States " promises to pay" shall be worth one-fifth less than the figure on their face is another ; and we can return to the only value at which the United States Government can by its own action appraise the United States currency issued by itself is the sum, in gold, represented on the face of each note. —Anglo-American 2 imes. THE CECUIEENICAL COUNCIL. The Mande publishes a dispatch from Rome, dated the eleventh of December, announcing that a Pontifical Council had been promulgated, in order to arrange for the election of a new Pontiff, in the event of the death of the Pope taking place before the termination of the Council. In this case the election will be absolutely and exclusively reserved for the cardinals. Tho (Ecumenical Council would bo suspended during the time, the sittings would be interrupted, and could not be resumed until after a new c pnv °cation made by the new Pope. TILE SULTAN'S FIRALA.N. A private despatch from Cairo say.; that the ceremony of the promulgation of the Imperial Firman is over. All has passed off with the greatest order. The Sultan's envoy has returned to Constantinople, healing with him a despatch which announces the approaching arrival of the Viceroy at the Turkish capital. The Porte will, it is affirmed, give the Viceroy a magnificent reception, in order to show that the reconciliation is as complete as possible. TILE BIBLE IN AMERICAN SCHOOLS. An educational religious difficulty has arisen in Cincin nati, the subject being the use of the Bible in the public schools. The Cincinnati Board of Education have prohibited it, and the question of their right to do so is being argued before the Superior Cont. Great excite ment has been created by the queition, which has been actively discussed in the local press. The court room in which the case was opened was crowded, the floor and galleries being alike thronged, and the interest in creased rather than diminished as time went on. The decision of the court was not expected for two or three weeks when the argument for the plaintiff was closed at the beginning of December. In their answer to the peti tion for an injunction, the majority of the board do not deny that religious instruction is necessary to fit children to be pod citizens, but claim that it is not proper to give such instruction in tho public schools. The reading of the Bible is contrary, they affirm, to the conscience of a large portion of the citizens, who only believe in the inspiration of the Old Testament, and of the Roman Catholics. The supporters of the board add that the Bible-reading in the schools affords a continual excuse to the Roman clergy for maintaining separate sectarian schools. The Catholic journals, however, opznly declare that no such concession will induce their co-religionists to send their children to the public schools. The general feeling of the press is very much against the prohibition. FRAUDS IN NEW ORLEANS. The American Government is unfortunate just now in the way of official malpractices. While the great draw back frauds at the Now York Custom House are still un settled, another investigation is being carried on South wanb. Sugar frauds of very great extent have been discovered in Now Orleans. One case, involving 460 hogs heads and 46 tierces of sugar, has been already tried, and the verdict given in favour of the Government. The amount of underweight claimed was 88,000 pounds, which at the minimum rate of duty upon imported sugars, three cents per pound, amounted to $2,600 in gold. Similar cases will follow. COMMERCIAL DISCUSSIONS IN TIIE 'UNITED STATES. A National Board of Trade has been organised in the United States, and has commenced its session at Richmond, Virginia. The questions of trade statistics, uniform in spection of flour and grain, measurement of grain, tares, and short weights, land conveyances and trading licenses, have been already debated. The trading-license question gave rise to an animated discussion. It was agreed with almost complete unanimity that the State Legislatures should be requested to abolish all legislation re stricting free commercial intercourse between the States. The commercial interests of the country are likely to be greatly benefitted by this instalment of the much needed freedom of trade. TILE CUBAN REVOLUTION. The insurgent general, Cavada, lately captured a Spanish mail, and sent a number of the letters to Washington. They contained most unsatisfactory accounts of the Spanish prospects, and declared that the whole country was in possession of the rebels. A soldier named Perez wrote from Habana to his brother in Spain to say that he had had a hard time of it, and that when they landed they had 630 artillerymen, and only 115 now remained, through sickness and ballets. The Cuban Committee of Philadelphia have received letters from Benjamin Wade and others in favour of free Cuba. THE FRENCH is uvur.r. The Daily sews regards the French financial statement as exceedingly Fatisfactory. It shews a reduction of no less than 232 millions of francs in the floating debt since the end of last July, a nett and definite surplus of 181 millions of francs on the Budget of 1868, and an increase of 32 millions of francs in the receipts from indirect taxation during the last eleven months. It anticipates a probable surplus on the Bud ,get for the present year of 55 millions of francs, and a total surplus for 1808 and 1809 of 73 millions of francs. J. expenditure for the current year is cal culated at less than 65 millions sterling, which is a reduction of 25 millions sterling on the past Budgets of the empire—that is, on the total and final amounts of the ordinary, extraordinary, and " rectificative " Budgets. This surplus, however, is not to be applied to reducing the burdens of the people, but to pay the cost of public works. The statement, as a whole, does look well; but it will be wise to wait for the sequel before pronouncing judgment. We have yet to learn confidence in Imperial Budgets. THE ENGLISH AND FRENCH PAIILIAMENTS. The French Parliament does not sit so long as ours, but its members attend much more regularly. Our House of Commons num bers 658 members. In 1866 the average atten dance at divisions was 240 ; in 1867, 222 ; in 1868, 193 ; and in 1869, 245. The French Legislative Body numbers only 292 members, and yet a division rarely takes place without calling together some 230 votes. The French Chamber, too, sits on six days out of the seven. Considering that in influence and importance it is tar interior to the English louse, this close attention to business is very praise worthy. THE SUEZ CANAL Mr. Clarke, President of the Liverpool Chamber 01 Commerce, has been laying the result of his observa tions at the Suez Canal before that body. His con clusions are that the harbour at Port Said can be , kept from siltinc , up at a moderate expense, and that the banks can be preserved against falling in by facing them with stone—of which there is an abundant supply in the mountains near Suez. The idea that the Canal will dry up by evaporation is all nonsense. The filling of the Canal by shifting sands Mr. Clarke considers a real danger, though greatly exaggerated. Of the hundred miles which form the entire length of the Canal, about fifty-seven are made through lakes which have existed as natural basins for at least 2,000 years without being filled with sand. Of the remaining forty-three miles the greater part consists of a mixture of sand and gravel, in consistency resembling more a garden walk than the fine loose material which is popularly supposed to form the desert. Mr. Clarke has no doubt whatever that the enormous machines which were ranged along the bank of the Canal as he passed will dredge out in a month all the sand which is likely to be deposited in a year. Opinions differ as to the sum which will be needed for maintaining this water-way : Mr. Clarke thought £lOO,OOO a year; but an eminent English engineer put the figure at only £60,000. THE NEW TURKISH LOAN. The new loan issued on behalf of the Ottoman Government is for a net sum of 12 millions sterling, and the price is 60- 1, ,, or, reckoning allowances, 58A. kn annual sinking fund of 1 per cent. is to provide for its redemption at par in thirty-three years, and , estimating this advantage, the actual return to investors will be about 111 per cent. per annum. The nominal rate of interest is 6 Der cent. COURSE OF EXCHANGE. Amsterdani.-.. Short ... 11 181 ... 11 19 Do Rotterdam — ~. 12 li ... 12 11 Antwerp ... 25 3/1 ... 25 421 Brussels llamburgh — ... 13 101 ... 13 11 Paris Short ... 25 15 ... 25 221 Ditto Marseilles Frankfort-on-the-Main ... 1201 ... 120 k - Vienna — ... 12 65 ... 12 70 Trieste — ... 12 65 ... 12 70 Petersburg Cc on Berlin Madrid.. Cadiz — ;... 49 ... 414 Leghorn Milan — ... 26 75 ... 2C 77, Genoa — ... 26 75 .., 26 77 Naples Palermo — ... 26 75 ... 26 77. Messina Lisbon — ... 511 ..,. 52 CHRISTMAS PRESENTS AT PARKINS AND GOTTO'S.— Pon'ait albums, dispatch boxes, writing cases, dressing cases, dressing bags, envelope cases, blotting books, inkstands, desks, stationery cabinets, bookslides, work boxes, tea caddies, hand bags and reticules, card cases, purses, scent bottl,s, cigar cases, card trays, pocket books, ornamental articles in china, bronze gilt, and elegantly mounted for mantel shelf, drawing and library tables; bagatelle boards, indoor croquet and indoor games of all kinds; Bibles, Prayer-books, and Church Services in every typo Thousands of the above articles, all perfectly new and fres Small articles careiully selected and seat post paid upon pre payment Catalogues free. REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE NA VY. The Report of the Secretary of the Navy, the ablest report which has been made from that Department for many years, has been completed and submitted to the Pre sident. The Report is very elaborate and exhaustive, and for the first time gives evidence of having boon framed by accomplished naval authority. While Mr. Robeson's ideas have been observed throughout, it is evident that Admiral Potter's long experience and general know ledge of naval affairs have been employed with flat tering results. The Report begins by showing the pre sent condition Of the Navy, giving the number and class of vessels at present under the direction of the depart ment, together with their names, location, character of service, amount and nature of armament, the number of seamen thereon, and the average expense of each vessel. It appears that the whale number of vessels now in the service is 200, and this number he believes to be too large for the present requirements of the Navy, and recommends its redaction to ISO. The Secretary seems to favour the use of the smaller vessels, and believes there are too many of the large class in the service, as it is not required tha vessels of largo tonnage should be employed. lie is violently opposed therefore to the Isherwood machinery on account of itsgroat weight and the space it occupies, and asks authority to dispose of the vessels of over 2,400 tonnage constructed during the war on the Isherwood plan. Among the latter class are the Chatignoogl at Philadelphia, the Arnim nooses and Virginia at Boston, tho Illinois at Portsmouth, and the Jaca, Ontario, and Colorado at New York. He speaks in favourable terms of the iron-clads. The report gives much space to a comp_ rison of the Navy of the United States with the navies of other countries; espe cially of France and England. The entire tonnage of the English Navy is 5,500,000, of the United States, 4,500,000, and of F ranee over 2,000,000. The cruising of the U. S. navy is alluded to in praiseworthy terms, and the report shows that the service has been of great benefit. The report also demonstrates that in accomplishing results it is the equal of England in that respect, and the superior of France. Ile calls attention to the superiority of the ser vices of Franco and England in their regulations and dis cipline of the enlisted men and the provisions for their pro tection and comfort. This is particularly shown in allow ances for uniforms, rations, hospitals, pensions, bounties, &c., which induces enlistments. It appears that at pre se,:t the enlistments for the navy have gradually fallen off until a sufficient number of men cannot be obtained. In this connection the report is very elaborate, giving the views of the Secretary very fully on the modes of improv ing the service. Ile recommends an increase of the pay of seamen and enlisted men, and also the longevity sys- tem, whereby the pay is increased according to the length of service. He also favours an additional allowance of clothing and an increase of provisions. He recommends Congressional action for the protectioa of seamen at home and abroad from the land sharks and swindlers; and he believes that proper officers should be elected to give information, advice, and assistance in some of the principal ports. Thu English system of educating boys for petty officers meets the Secretary's approval, and he recommends the establishment of the system in America, and that prac tice-ships be designated for the purpztsc. In comparing the strength of the squadrons of that and other countries, now in foreign waters, the Secretary sho vs that it is smaller than that of other nations, and he warmly recommends that the foreign squadrons be at ouca augmented by additional vessels, especially of the iron-clads. lie argues that en increase can be effected without increased outlay, through the operations of a regulation, lately established, of using canvas instead of steam as a motive power. This will not only largely decrease the expense in labour, but also in fuel. Such a course, if made general, will also ulti mately abolish most of the coal stations, now kept up at au expense of about throe millions of dollars. The Secre tary refers to the subject of subsidizing lines of ocean steamers, and favours such a course, in view of the fact that, in case of war or any sudden emergency, the Government would have a claim upon the vessels thus subsidized, which would be of vital importance. In proof of this advantage, he cites the number of vessels which might have been pro fitably used during the war of the rebelli•m. The navy yards are reported as all in good condition. The Secretary favours the abolishment of the Philadelphia yard, and its transfer to League Island; speaks favourably of Now London, Connecticut, and of Port Royal, South Carolina, as advantageous locations for navy yards, and recommends that all the yards should be enlarged. The report also re commends the early completion of the ship canal across the Isthmus of Darien, after enumerating some of its advan - tapes. The estimated expense of the navy for the fiscal year the Secretary places at twenty-six millions, against twenty-seven millions last year. About seven millions of the latter sum were returned to the Treasury from the sale of vessels. PRICE OF GOLD. The quotation of gold at Paris is about at par, and the short exchange on London is 2M. 15c. per £1 sterling On oompariug these rates with the English Mint price 01 lis.lold. per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold at the above price is slightly 'dearer in Paris than iu London. The steamship Japan arrived at San Francisco, Nov. 22, from Hongkong and Yokohama, with 557 Chinese among her passengers, bringing advices from Yokohama to November 1, reporting a general olservanee of the Mikado's fete day. The foreign Representatives had been given a banquet by the Mikado's Minister. A treaty with Austria was signed on October 18. Foreign steamers had been sent to guard the island of Yesso from Russian en croachments, Russian soldiers having occupied an adjoin ing island. The news by mail from Hongkong is to the 17th October. Mr. Williams, the Secretary of the Ameri can Legation at Pekin, had left for Europe on October 5. The Duke of Edinburgh arrived at Pekin on October 6, as a private gentleman. The Hood at Hongkong was sub siding, but great destitution existed, and rice shops had been broken into by the famishing Chinese. Colonel John son, United States Consul, had arrived. Sandwich Islands advices to November 2 state that large meetings had been hold, at which resolutions were passed strongly opposing the importation of coolies. A bright light had boon seen on the slope of the volcano Mauna Loa, and singular tidal phenomena were noticed on the coast. DULUTH.—Iire lately noticed the rapid growth of this rising little city. From the Duluth Alinnesotian of the 13th ult. we take the following telegrams, which have inaugurated the completion of telegraphic communication with that city :—" Duluth, Minnesota, Nov. 11, 1869. To the Mayor of Chicago. Telegraph completed. Duluth, the Infant, sends greeting to Chicago, the Giant, City of the Lakes.—GEo. B. SARGENT, and other citizens of Du luth. Answer to the above:—Chicago,, Illinois, Nov. 12, 1869. To Geo. B. Sargent, &c., Duluth, Minn. Hail, sister of Lake Superior. May the energy of your people make your future a realisation of the promise of the present.—J. B• BicE, Mayor of Chicago." LAD VERrissusNT. J—lienceforth no one will doubt the valuable properties of. Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Invalids' and Infants' Food, since to the thousands of blessings it has already received from Invalids whose position had been deemed hopeless, we may now add that of his Holiness the Pope, whose health has been perfectly restored by it after thirty years of unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote from the " Gazette du Midi," July 25th:—" Rome, July 21,1806. - The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other reme dies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly beneficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too highly," W e extract a few out ofmore than 68,000 cures: —Caro No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehaa, of seven years' liver complaint wn.stiug away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous palpitation, all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the most in• tolerable nervous agitation. Cure No 1,771: Lord Stuart do Mcies, Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia. No. 49,832: "Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, ila , toleney, spasms. sickness, and vomiting —Maria Joly " Cure No. 46,270: 1 Mr of 30 years' diseased lun g s. James Rol)erts, of Frimley, Surrey, spitting ot blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness. portant Ca _lion —Beware of the ma ny unsavoury and more that sloppy um 'ations to which, without authority, Baron Liebi g ' s llama Is mo st audaciously attached. In tins, a' Is lid; Ilb 28 Od; 2lbs is 6.1 bibs lls; 12 lbs 22s ; 21 lbs 40s. -- powDER p ?o Dv BARRY'S REVALIINTA. AILIRIVA CIIOCOLATH for Tied in tin canisters: for 12 cups at Is, for 2= cups at 3s 60, caps at Cs, for 288 cups at 305, f. , r 576 cups at bos —being about' free of carriaine penny per cup. Th e 30 s and 55s tins aro sent BAY Du BA) in England o n rece i pt of Post-0111ce Cr ler.— all Grocers andRY and Co., No. 77 itegent street, London; and Chemists OPENING OF THE (ECUMENICAL COUNCIL FROM OUR OW =RESPONDENT.) • ROME, DECIZIDZU 9. The opening of the Teumenical Council has taken place ; but the hurry and agitation of the last forty-eight hours have been such as to render it almost impossible to give your readers more than a very brief outline of the pro ceedinge. The Pope visited SS. XII. Apostoli on Wednesday, and his reception was more than usually enthusiastic. At two o'clock the church was full, and every balcony of the palaces adjoining the Piazza was draped with crirason s dlc and tapestries, those especially of the Odescalchi,Ruffo, and Terloina families, and the Savorelli Palace, occupied by the Marquis of Bute. The Empress of Austria and the es-- King of Naples, with the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Cec il-. pied the tribune of the church over the altar, and the opposite ono was filled by the French Embassy, wil es ° palace it adjoins. The altar was brilliantly lighted, and draped with silver and crimson hangings. About half-past three, a deafening cheer announced the approach of the Pope, and he entered a few minutes after by the sacristy door, attended by his household and 11 the sacred college. He looked wonderfully well, con, sidering the great fatigue and anxiety of the previous day s, • and went straight to the altar, where ho knelt during th e chanting of the Litany and the following prayers. Wh el/ „ these were concluded, he rose and intoned the "Te Deno , in which the whole assembly joined, and the cerenioni concluded with the benediction of the blessed Sacrament, given by the Pope, after which he left the church by the convent, or sacristy door, and the crowd poured out into the Piazza to witness and cheer his departure. I h a " rarely seen such an ovation as he received. All through the evening crowds of travellers poured int ° Rome. Trains from Florence, Naples, and Ancona waived throughout the night. What became of the excursionsf‘ it is difficult to conjecture, as most of the hotels Wer e already gilled to overflowing, and the rain fell heavily through the night, and continued to do so the whole of yesterday, by no means increasing the festal aspect of th e Eternal City. The cannon of St. Angelo and the clangour of V ° hundred belfries woke us early yesterday morning 4 ° 9 : sense of the day that was before us—a day of the deepeob interest to most, of mere spectacle to the sight-seeing Pa ri of the community, and of severe fatigue to all, as ea rl !' rising and many hours' standing formed an essential Par' of the proceedings. Long before daybreak the sovereign people, braving the rain and mud, took up its quart er : under the arcades of St. Peter's, while the American la' English visitors, of the inveterate sight-seeing section* besieged the bronze doors of the Basilica before WY were thrown open, camp-stool, Murray, and sandwich -I° in hand, resolved on" doing the Council," and taking 111) a front place near the Aula. The Pope left his 'Or el at eight o'clock, and at nine the procession be to Um" gan down the Scala Bogie. Six hundred and twe nty : bishops, patriarchs, archbishops, and cardinals, a nd ' eighty mitred abbots and generals of order', formed the cortege, which was preceded, as I We t !: to you last week, by the Bassolanti, Cross, Acolytes, and other attendants on Pontifical ceremonies. Ila vblg ,' obtained an excellent place for viewing the passage of the procession, near the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament''_"„' I was able to see the entry, which took place at 2 111 '' o'clock. Nothing could be stranger than the contrasts offered in the procession, the bishops being arranged according t° the date of their consecration, and not according to rite nationality. Armenians, Bulgarians, Chaldeans, C d Maronite3, 3lelchites, Roumanians, Ruthonians, Syrians, mingling with French, Italians, English, G er: man and American prelates. The great interest of th e crowd seemed centred on Mgr. Dupanloup, Mgr. g a t and Mgr. Manning. The Italians who stood near me Were ; evidently diligent readers of the " Unita Cattolica," anL ardent partisans of the Papal Infallibility, and it curious to hear how well up in the recent controves% they were. The Archbishop of Westminster walked Wi t i Mgr. De Merode, and looked remarkably well. I w isli could give as good a bulletin of the Bishop of Southwar (Mgr. Grant); he was unable to encounter the W i t s of the procession, and only joined the gathell' in time for the obedience in the Aula itself. 1) , 111. Ullathorne, of Birmingham ; Chadwick, of New e as t i Vaughan, of Plymouth; Clifford, of Clifton ; Amherst, of Northampton, were all in the oft; and were eagerly asked for by the crowd. Mg r ' o f Deux Bri!ze, Mgr. Pi 6, of Poitiers, Mgr. Lynch' Charlestown, U.S., and Mgr. Moucesillor, of Jaen, vr id _ e " all objects of a hearty stare. Then came the ca rd/0' the senators and conservators, the great officers of St ate ' the Swiss and Noble Guards, and lastly the Pope h illy ' self. The Pope descended from the Sedia Gestaloria, and 1111 ; covered his head at the entrance of the Basilica, and maid the rest of the procession on foot; the bishops ' l O the same on entering the Basilica. The Pope tb , / , ° o adored the Sacrament, while the choir terminated "" 3 , "Veni Creator," and recited the prayers and respon sll , appointed. In the meantime, the cardinals, bisheeri; patriarchs, generals of orders, and abbots had taken th stand within the Aula, which presented thus fille d on° :r the most imposing scenes I ever witnessed. Ran k °l t ee over rank of white-robed prelates and cardinals rne purple of the Church. The Royal Gallery was crowded, t he lovely Empress of Austria with her brother-in - la w * n d ex-King of Naples, the Queen of Wertumberg, the C4ll . n d Duchess Vera Constanicona, the ex-Grand Duke P-14 •Duchess of Tuscany, the ex-Duke and Duchess of Y Olla t e the Counts and Countesses of Tropanni, Caserta, Girgeahe ac., being there. General Dumont was also present,end A , Corps Diplomatique occupied the opposite g 411° , 1 %, 1 0 small space had been allotted for the ' °-- 1 1 0 0 Princesses, and in this compartment wer e c li several English families—Lord But; Lord and " -- xe. Denbigh, Lady Jersey, the Countess Bodenhent, nd The Pope ascended the throne erected in the Auln ii f sl o so the Mass of the Immaculate Conception, with the coif, of the Holy Ghost, was celebrated at the altar in the oe ll ere , of the Aula by Cardinal Patrizi. After a little m ore c bto - mony, the Pope then rested, as is usual, for the ee'e ge 'don of Mass and the audience, or rendering of 11° 10: took place. This part of the ceremony lasted mor e 1 6 0 an hour and a half, as seven hundred and tw ent Liel fathers performed it individually, the cardinals the knee, and the bishops the hand of the Pope. vin% The prayers then recomm e nc e d, a n dthe anthem 11 $ i been sung by the Curator of th e P a p a l Chapel, the Li t : li t i e l e of the Saints were solemnly intoned by the Pope/ an Jas whole assembly joi n i ng i n th e c h an t as f ar as the 00 - "Et omnes ecclesiasticos ordines, in sancta religione„ servare digneris." Here the Pope rose, and, with hi s reia,:so his head,andhis staff in his hand surmounted with the e'd, as symbolic of universal jurisdiction, blessed the sloe while the rest of the Litanies wore being sung.. N et or e more magnificent can be conceived than the effect Of In than fifty thousand voices joining in the chant. The Allocution was delivered from the throne " but Pope. He used considerable gesture in its deliver t he his dignity of beaiing was great. The Secretary e. to le Council advanced to the foot of the throne irone d the after the Veni Creator had been sung, and plaoe' llo as, decree for the opening of the council in the Pop e ' s b o of and the Pope giving it to Mgr. Valenziani, Bisn'lear Tabriano, the latter read it in a YerY i t he and distinct voice from the pulpit, all' One Fathers present accepted it by acclamation• coed cry of " PLecet" rang from the assembly. Th ° %e o, decree was then read and carried equally by steentli by which the next general session was fixed for th e t een January, being the feast of the Epiphany. The Popes sanctioned both decrees, an. I the formal promulgation registrations of the acts took place. te The Te Dom. was then solemnly chanted, and b j , , session of the Council of the Vatican was thus elege .04 private session, with closed doors, takes Pl aCe is hoe t morning (Friday), for the purpose of electing the bdor° who shall decide on the subjects to be first broug ht iii be the congregations. On this point strict secrecy observed, and some of your contemporaries who art, 0° cipating a harvest of news as to what passes v ii rs soia - Aula and the Commissions will find that, W .° -e gife il ti onary canards, very little i n f orma tion will he them or anyone else on the matter. The weather continues so bad that the review take place to-morrow. C ross o f The Pope has conf erre d thi s morn i ng the Grand ook, Pius IX. on the Earl of Denbigh and Lord Petro, iapy nition of their services to the Holy See, and esP eel the Pontifical army. BIRTHS. ~i,iao 3' WitLIND—On the 12th inst., tho wife of gnic'r lit of a daught e r. s i r; 0 o E N of Captain Ca On p the tai n 1d 13th s inst., at son. Bro ad wato r, Sass A NARRIAGES. tt''' , , ~,v.i.*- 0 G 31LL —BULLER—On the I.lth inst. at St. . 51 , 3 'tiellt a u ,:c Westminster, Henry Chandos Yule Gall, 4'l r of ''. Hall, Derbyshire, to Teresa Charlotte, (laugh°. Edward M. Buller, Bart. M.P. 0. 00 Clot. 7th ITODOKINSON —GREEN--011 7 the 12th inst., at S t * TT dg 1;1" CO Danes, Sydney, second son 01 the late W. --° 0 ,05 Esq., of East Dulwich, to Anna Sophia, the 1 daughter of Win. Green, Esq., of Anurley. DE.ITB S. p;5 14 CorEs—On the 13th inst., at Rainbow-hill, th e ltes t • Henry Cotes, LL.B., aged 49. Antliovi ~, lia - HAmoxin —On the 13th inst., at Westaere, mond, Esq., aged 61. 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