The Sun. — London, England, 1869-01-14 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Times, in looking at the effect of the late Ritualist meeting, finds it difficult to see why a meeting should have been convened with so negative a result in view. The meeting advises neither submission nor resistance ; it will excuse the former, and be glad to see the latter. If any clergy anywhere find themselves able to conduct the service in what they conceive to be a Primitive and Catholic style, without fear of the Judicial Committee, they are encou raged to persevere. Should their circumstances or their courage not be equal to the act of lighting two candles at the Celebration, then they are exhorted to do every thing whatever that may otherwise convey the same significance. Such advice we could understand were it found to emanate from some private conclave or infiuen' ial person. When it is proclaimed at a public meeting, it is a challenge to the antagonists. We could fancy that a good many quiet clergy, doing things much as they please in their own quiet nooks or their own circles of attached friends, would be rather frightened to find their tactics recognised and publicly recommended. Foiled at law, unable to win a judgment or even procure a court, and driven to contem plate across seas and centuries the sweet visions of a perfect ritual, the chiefs advise everybody to light his own battle, with the implied hope that in this way England may still be conquered in detail. And the cause of all this costly litigation, and sore disappointment, and vain consultation, and dangerous advice is simply and solely the lighting of the two candles on the altar. We may be excused if we venture to question its impor tance. The chances of litigation have landed the Church of England at an issue for which few are prepared. The drums are now beaten, and the trumpet is sounded, directing all the clergy who have courage, or means, or credit, or hope of support, to light their two candles, and so teach a doctrine of inestimable value that cannot otherwise be explained. We are disposed to think such an appeal will reduce the religious war to a very small area. When the conscientious and painstaking pastor of a rural parish has taken spiritual stock of his parish wits and parish attainments, all that his poor folk can learn and all that they do know, he will seldom find it answer his purpose to add to his lessons a mysterious doctrine of which the lighting of two candles is the only possible explanation. If he wishes to teach awe and a becoming reverence, he can do it by setting the example of a devout and reverent manner and tone. Example is most catching with the simplest minds. The gravest manner and the most solemn tones are those best remembered and easiest caraied away by the beholders and hearers into their own private life. It is not so with the splendour of a ceremonial. Its sig nificance is local. It is tied to matter. It is apt to rest where it is. Even when remembered it is the outside that haunts the memory, not the secret power. It is like the orator or the performer who astonishes, dazzles, and confounds, but who out of sight and hearing is also out of mind. The Standard says that society is demanding fresh guarantees for its safety, that we have been too tender with the liberty of the subject, and, therefore, some maurais sujet have taken advantage of the error. Society suffers because we treat these fellows as honest until we can prove them to be rogues. After dwelling upon the present state of crime, as shewn by the statistics, it is said that these returns cannot be considered altogether unsatis factory. The conclusion seems to be that while the members of the criminal class are less numerous they are more daring. Can we suppose than the police are 1355 efficient than formerly? We should scarcely be justified in that conclusion by these figures alone ; and yet probably there is more truth in such an inference, if it be only to this extent—that the police are not armed with proper power. Why should "known thieves and depredators" be allowed to play at hide-and-seek with oar police force? We do not allow an escaped lion from a menagerie to roam about the streets until he has actually made a dash at some body. We should never think of permitting twenty thousand "known lunatics" to range at large, carefully abstaining from capturing one of them until he or she had seized somebody by the throat. In regard to the brute creation, we have lately seen dugs compulsorily muzzled under the terms of an Act of Parliament, not because the said dogs were " known," or even " suspected," to be mad, but on the bare chance that they " might " be so. There is no saying how far we may have to go if we mean to lock up everybody who may possibly steal ; but it seems only fair that these 22,889 " known thieves and depre dators " should be placed under some ttricter surveillance, so that they may be effectually hindered in their unlawful pursuits. The Post declares that the judgment of the Privy Council was pronounced with clearness and simplicity. The grievance of the Ritualists is that they cannot under the law worship God in their own way. This is putting the case as they put it, and in their own words. But it is only half the case. The Ritualists are mem bers of the Church of England, and they are there- fore bound to conform to the worship, the doctrine, and the ritual of the Church of England as by law established. Whether the ritual of the Church he, in the abstract, right or wrong, is not the question at issue. What that ritual legally and actually is will be found very clearly defined in the judgment pronounced by Lord Cairns, and the Prayer-book and rubrics alluded to therein. The Ritualists, somewhat illogically, take excep tion to this, and virtually and in substance declare that the law—which, however, they admit is accurately inter preted in the Privy Council judgment—is unscriptural, and contrary to what they conceive to be the true principle of the Christian religion and doctrine. The Ritualists, so far as we understand what they want, desire to enjoy all the advantages of being clergy. men of the Church of England, all the emoluments belong. ing to that sacred function, without conforming to the laws and regulations of the Church, and, because this is impracticable and contrary to law, they complain that they are not permitted to worship God in their own way. What church, or sect, or denomination is there in the world the ministers of which are allowed to be the reci pients of the funds set apart for the maintenance of its religious preachers and teachers, and at the same time allowed to set all its laws and ordinances aside for the purpose of doing what they are pleased to call worshipping God in their own way? The Herald remarks that Tuesday, the 12th January, will be a day much noted by the Hallams and Mays of future generations. Writers on constitutional law and parliamentary practice alike will tell how on that date the royal borough of Windsor witnessed the commencement of an inquiry which marked the transference of an important jurisdiction from the House of Commons to the judges of the land, and so involved the surrender by the representatives of the people of their long cherished and highly-prized right of deciding all matters concerning their own elections. It is somewhat sin gular that this surrender should have been made just as the passing of a Conservative Reform Bill had rendered the Lower Chamber of the Legislature more potent than ever in the State, and that the Parliament of Queen Vic toria should have voluntarily given up a right which their predecessors had won so hardly and guarded so jealously. For good or for evil, however, the change has been made, and the public is naturally anxious to see how it is likely to work. If we may thus early hazard an opinion we should say that these inquiries, when prosecuted before her Majesty's judges, will be quite as long and much less lively than they used to be when they were disposed of within the walls of the Parliament House. The Star observes that it would be a strange and weird experience to pass through a city of paupers, and yet the idea is not a wild imagination. In London alone, in the third week of December, 144,663 13ersons were fed by public charity. If these were collected tc-gether they would people a city of the size of Bristol or Edinburgh. These figures plead with an elo quence which no tongue of man can surpass. They tarnish all the glory of our country, they make our boasts of extended commerce and vast power falter on the lip, they are the accumulated losses in our book of account, which if not courageously faced and wiped out must grow and grow until the nation becomes as bankrupt and broken as these children of want and despair. After examining the various schemes proposed for meeting the growing evil, the Star is forced to confess that most of them are very partial. What the able-bodied pauper needs is employment, and what the class who feed the ranks of the recipients of charity need to prevent them gliding downwards is employment. Yesterday large bodies of men, many of them even skilled artisans who had recently been paid off from building yards, paraded the streets to call attention to their destitute condition, and in all parts of the City very great distress prevails during the winter months amongst all classes of labourers. We cannot create labour by any State action which could be permanently useful. This question has been recently very ably dis cussed by Mr. Thomas Beggs. But might not the Poor law authorities, with their multitude of organised officials, receive reports from the various towns and districts where labour is wanted, and make public in some way the localities, and kinds of skill which are in demand. There is an adult ignorance to be overcome as well as a want of education among the young— an ignorance which cannot be overcome without the assistance of the national staff. It is at least as important for the people to know where labour is wanted in their own country as it is to learn by consular reports and the labour of secretaries of embassies where new markets may be advantageously opened up for cotton or woollen manufactures. We look forward, moreover, with the greatest hope to the result of a large reduction in the public expenditure. It is our excesive public burdens more than any other removeable cause that have pauperised the poor, and caused to grow np in the metropolis alohe a horde of paupers large enoggh to popg. late a 2ityt THE SPREE CASE REPEATED. Mr. W. Strange, of the London Commission Exchange, Farringdon-road, gives the following details of the myste rious disappearance of a gentleman :—" My secretary, Mr. Roche, left London on Tuesday for the purpose of transact ing some business at Bath, and, if necessary, after wards at Bristol, and ought to have been back at the latest on Wednesday evening, his presence in London on Thursday morning being absolutely necessary. But up to this moment I have not heard a syllable of him, though he was to have written to me on Wednesday, and this I must say of him, that he has never hitherto disappointed me either in writing a letter or keeping an appointment, Alarmed at his prolonged absence, and knowing that he was to have called on the manager of the Bath Theatre in the forenoon of Tuesday, I wrote yesterday to that gen tleman, and this morning received a letter from him stating that he h:td not seen Mr. Roche. If any ordinary accident had happened to him, and he had fallen into the hands of respectable people, either his wife or I must have bad an account of him, as he had about his person a number of papers pointing out both his private residence and his place of business." Mr. Strange hopes that this public statement will lead to the discovery of what he now considers an unfortunate missing gentleman. THE CHANCERY PROCEEDINGS AGAINST MI?. HARVEY LEWIS, M.P The proceedings instituted by bill, by Mr. Gray and other shareholders in a joint-stock company, called Charles Lafitte and Co. (Limited), against Mr. Harvey Lewis, M.P. for Marylebone, and other defendants is still under consideration in the court of Vice - Chancellor Malins. The suit in commercial circles is regarded as of the first importance. The plaintiff sues on behalf of share holders in Charles Lafitte and Co. (Limited), and seeks to set aside certain agreements entered into by the defendants as directors of that company, consisting of an arrangement with the Ottoman Financial Association and the Interna tional Contract Company, as to taking shares in Charles Lafitte and Company (Limited), and a sub-arrangement with the National Bank. The plaintiff was the holder of 200 shares of £2O each, on which £5 had been paid, and he had been put upon the list in the winding-up of Charles Lafitte and Company (Limited) ; the Ottoman As sociation and the International Contract Company also having been ordered to be wound up. The grounds of the plaintiff's bill were that what was done was ultra tires, and that, in fact, the directors were purchasing their own shares and committing a neglect of their duty. To this It was answelpd by the National Bank that the plaintiff was a mere nominee, that the transaction did not constitute a purchase of their own shares, and that the remedy, if any, was by action. The company now in question was proved to purchase the Paris business of Charles Lafitte for £150,000-250,000 in cash and £lOO,OOO in paid-up shares. In the course of the proceedings on Wednesday the Vice- Chancellor remarked that, as far as he had heard the case, the plaintiff and the defendants were, in his opinion, equally wrong. They had been participators in a fiction and a fraud, and ought to be turned out of court together. His Honour compared the certificate given to the Stock Exchange by the sub-manager of the National Bank—to the effect that the balance standing to the credit of Charles Lafitte and Co. (Limited) in their hands amounted to £337,550 —to the statement which might be made by a candidate for legislative honours. The law required that a member of Parliament should be possessed of £3OO per annnm, and a gentleman might state that he had £1.0,000 Consols, when the truth was that the money was simply lent him, and had to be returned the next day. Some persons called this honest. but he (the Vice-Chancellor) could never see it in that light. Mr. Karslake, Q.C., in addressing the court for some of the Paris gentlemen whose names were published as directors of the proposed new company, having remarked that it was clear the plaintiff was only put forward by some one else, The Vice-Chancellor remarked that he shown very much like to know who that some one was, but he supposed he should never ascertain. The present was one of those cases in which it was felt that the sooner the plaintiff was shewn out of court the better; not, however, that the defendants were one whit better. The whole case was one of the most lamentable that he ever heard. The plaintiff's counsel has yet to be heard in reply ; after which the Vice-Chancellor will, in all probability, reserve tdgment. LAW AND POLICE. A CHRISTMAS PARTT.—At the Central Criminal kiourt, on Wednesday, George Campbell was indicted for the wilful murder of John Moir, at a Christmas party in Barnsbury. A verdict of manslaughter was returned, and the sentence was defend. ROBBING THE PAYMASTER-GENERAL.—At the Central Criminal Court, on Wednesday, the two men, Ball and flutter, who were convicted of defrauding the Paymaster- General of more than £BOO, were sentenced to ten and seven years' penal servitude respectively. A CURIOUS OFFENCE.—The Board of Works on Wed nesday summoned a scavenger for sweeping mud down the - rating of a street into a sewer. The offence is more serious than it seems ; the board has to pay thousands a year for clearing the sewers of the mud thus accumulated. The charge could not, however, be substantiated, and the ilmmons was dismissed. POLICE LNEFFICIENCY.—On Wednesday a case was neard at Clerkenwell police-court, which shewed the want of more surveillance on the part of the police. An elderly gentleman was robbed of his watch and chain at ten in the forenoon in a public thoroughfare, and no policeman being near the thief escaped, although he was afterwards dis covered through the intervention of a pawnbroker. _ _ _ CONVICTION OF A LADY.—On Tuesday an aged lady was indicted at the Brighton Quarter Sessions for stealing property from a draper in the Western-road, Brighton. The jury returned a verdict of guilty, but recommended her to mercy. The Recorder (Mr. Locke) sentenced her to one month's imprisonment, without hard labour. PART OF AN AMATEUR DETECTIVE.—A curious narra tive has been heard at Guildhall. A lithographic printer, named Payne, saw a suspicious looking fellow in the Strand with a lady's reticule and silk umbrella, and believing them to be stolen resolved to follow their possessor. After a time the man, whose name turned out to be Whitley, arrived at a thieves' kitchen, into which Payne courageously peeped, and saw him in con versation with three others. The four then came out and were dogged through a variety of low lanes and turnings to a coffee-shop in Long-lane, and having thus run the game to earth he called the police to dig them out. They were taken into custody, and the reticule, &c., were found to have been stolen from the carriage of Lady Dacre, the end of Queen-street. The prisoners were remanded. A sewing machine driven by electricity may now be seen in a - Anal use in Paris. The death is announced of Mr. Charles Caleb Atkinson, who was for a long series of years secretary of University College, London. He bad been called to the bar, but did not practise. A woman has been sentenced to five days' impri sonment, in London, for carrying to her husband, who is in the Clerkenwell House of Detention, a loaf, in the middle of which was a cake of tobacco. A meeting of the central committee in connnection with the short time movement was held on Tuesday inMan chester. It was resolved that, although the Manchester re solution for three days work in the week had not been car ried out in its integrity, still the movement would be gene rally adopted, as they left the further extension with con fidence in the hands of the local committees. The Rector of Morpeth•—a brother of Lord Grey— was, the Mancheder Guardian reports, somewhat roughly interrupted on Sunday, a hile acting up to the spirit of one of the resolutions of the London meeting. The hon. and rev. gentleman spoke of the judgment of the Privy Council as an "unrighteous judgment," and avowed his intention of preaching the doctrine of the Real Presence "more strongly than ever." Upon this there was a cry of " Treason, trea son," and several persons left the church. A Liverpool commission agent, named Harrison, was on Tuesday committed to the assizes for trial on a charge of libel. The prosecutor, Mr. Tipper, of Birming ham, a manufacturer of patent medicines for horses, had in dicted Harrison at the sessions on a charge of drawing money for commission on the false pretence that he had obtained certain orders. Harrison was convicted ; and sub sequently he published a handbill alleging that the prose cutor had committed perjury. This was the libel for which Harrison has been sant for trial. He was admitted to bail. ENTHRONEMENT OF THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTER BURT.—This interesting ceremony will take place on Thursday, February 4. Admission for all persons, clergy as well as laity, will be by tickets only. Application for tickets must be made by letter to the Dean, on or before Wednesday next, January 20. No tickets will be issued before that date, and no application whatever can be received after that date. Full instructions as to time, manner of entering the cathedral, &c., will accompany the tickets. The ordinary tickets held in permanence by the clergy for admission to consecrations, &c., in the cathedral, will not be available on this occasion. The public are warned that Canterbury Cathedral is not warmed, and thp,tthe ktuggaggipsrittwriiki3 degrees. MISCEL LANE° US iVEIVS. THE SUN, LONDON, TEL (LH SDAY EVENING, JANUARY 14, 1869. fulfil the financial part of the proposed treaty. While Ceuta is unfitted for a harbour, Gibraltar possesses all the requirements of a military station, and an ample naval establishment on shore. The real importance of Gibraltar does not depend upon its accommodation for merchant ships, and the presence of a single man-of-war on the station would interfere with any attempt that might be made to molest them in time of war. rNSEATED. The first member unseated is a Liberal. He has not, however, lost his seat through any misconduct, but through an informality. At the election for Wexford, a Mr. Motte had the show of hands, and Mr. Devereux demanded a poll. Afterwards Mr. Motte withdrew from the contest, and the sheriff thereupon declared Mr. Devereux elected without going through the formality of polling a few votes. It does not appear from the telegram whether or not Mr. Motte was declared by the court to be the member, he having had the show of hands. It would be rather a singular circumstance if Mr. Motte should be elected against, or, at all events, without his wish. The probability is that a fresh election will take place, at which Mr. Devereux will be able to offer himself. A TERRIBLE TILREAT. Pius IX. is, or ought to be, shaking in his shoes. At the general election the Conservatives, to the surprise of themselves no less than of their opponents, succeeded in carrying both seats for Salford. It was their one large town to which they have ever since been referring as a proof of the progress of Conser vatism among the working classes. There was this singularity about the election, that KO electors who had promised to support the Liberals voted for the Conservatives. The Liberals believe that this change is susceptible of a very easy explanation, and they have petitioned against Messrs. Charley and Cawley on the ground of bribery. Mr. Charley is indignant, and he has uttered a terrible threat. He says : " In defending the Church in Ireland, he had been most careful to avoid giving offence to the Roman Catholics. It was a difficult thing to do, but he believed Bishop Turner gave him credit for it. But he gave them warning that, if they succeeded in upsetting him, he would make the cry of 'No Popery' ring throughout the borough. Ile would carry the propaganda of Protestant prin ciples through the length and breadth of the land; he would light a torch which neither Pope nor Pagan, Manning nor Bradlaugh, would find could be easily extinguished; he would take up that torch which Mr. Gladstone ardently wished to put out—the torch of Protestant ascendancy, and carry it aloft wherever he went." Evidently bad times are in store for " Pope," though NV e do not exactly see what " Pagan " has to fear. There is just this consolation for the first, that if Mr. Charley suppressed his Pro testantism in order to win a seat, the expression of it after losing his seat will seem like insincerity, and due rather to revenge than to conviction. THE 44 COMICS" ON THE IRISH SITUATION. There is a remarkable similarity and dissimilarity between the cartoons in Punch and Fun this week. There is very little humour in either ; they are both about Ireland, and each contains a figure of Justice, a portrait of Mr. Gladstone, and a representa tion of the " typical Irishman." Here, however, the similarity ends. Mr. Gladstone is figured in Punch as offering up the Irish Church as a sacrifice to Justice, and declaring that the Church is not sacrificed to Papists or assassins, and he is doing this at the very moment that the murderer is using his rifle. Fun's Irishman is an Orangeman waving the flag of Protestant Ascendancy, who is being banshed by Ha rlequin Mr. Gladstone, together with Fenianism, hoc genus omne, and Mr. Disraeli ; Mr. Gladstone's magic wand being " religious equality." THE IRISH RAILWAYS. The Times is astonished that the Irish Railway Commissioners should have been charged to institute a comparison between the Irish and Belgian systems of railways. "To compare the working of railways in Belgium and Ireland is something like comparing the culture of the vine in England and in France. " Belgium is a prosperous and wealthy country, with profitable manufactures, large towns, coal and iron mines; and it is the highway between England and Germany, France and Northern Europe. Ireland, on the other hand, has few large towns, no manufactures except at Belfast, no coal or iron mines, and is contiguous to nothing but the "melancholy ocean." The contrast certainly is great ; but, unfortunately for the Times, the business of the commissioners was not to institute such a comparison. They were appointed simply to ascertain the consequences of reducing the Irish fares to a scale similar to that in use in Belgium. To make this investigation it was necessary to compare the industry and traffic of the two countries ; but this com parison was an incident, not the obj cot, of the inquiry. The result of the research is the estimate that the total receipts of the Irish railways will fall off by £645,000, as the consequence of reductions of fares varying from 78 to 32 per cent. The sum is large, but large only on paper. The report does not bring into the calculation one penny of the increased traffic which will be the certain result of such a decrease in fares. £120,000 a year will be saved in management, and both this sum and all receipts beyond the present average will go to diminish the loss of £645,000, so that in no year will such an amount have to be paid out of the treasury. In a few years a profit will be left. In eleven years the receipts, say the commissioners, from increased traffic will be sufficient to pay all working charges, cost of increased appliances, interest on borrowed money, and leave a balance. Surely these calcula tions are not such as to close the question at once, according to the advice of the Times. It is possible, though not apparently advisable, to lessen the reduc tions, and hence diminish the loss. The railways of Belgium—that model country —were by no means such a profitable investment as to render the com parison disheartening. The Government bore a large loss for sixteen years before the scale turned. Lastly, if we cannot do this much for Ireland, what can we do? THE MAYOR OF CORK. All the journals, except those of the extremest opinions, join in condemning the Mayor of Cork. Ile seems to be altogether unfitted for his position. Ile begins by a speech which topples on the very verge of treason ; he becomes so excited at a panto mime that he raises an uproar in the theatre, and has to be pacified by the boxkeeper. While presid ingin open court, he gives it as his opinion th a t th e police have improperly prosecuted, and his brother magistrates improperly detained, innocent persons— thus insulting those with whom it is his duty to act. He pleads with the corporation committee to have a tender by a Roman Catholic accepted, notwith standing that it was evidently a less advantageous one than that offered by a person of a different belief. Now we have a more flagrant illustration of his bigotry. The permanent secretary to the mayoralty is a Protestant, it would seem. Mr. Sullivan has been . trying to ou s t hi m f rom hi s o ffi ce, i n or d er t o put m his place a co-religionist. PROFESSOR DEESLY ON TIIE WORKING CLASSES. If Professor Beesly has one firm conviction it is that trades unions are the greatest blessings to the working man which this modern age has produced. So strongly does he defend these institutions even " in their darkest hour," that Punch some time since inserted a"t" in his name. The Professor has been giving utterance at Bradford to eulogies on his beloved organisation. Co-operation was a mighty fine thing in its way, but it had nothing to trades unions. The tendency of co-operation was to increase the number of small capitalists, who would - ultimately become supports of the great capitalists. lle looked to trades unions as the means that would give the greatest amount of permanent good to the workman. He defended unionism on the ground that it had a tendency not only to benefit the good workman, but to raise up the middle-class and inferior workman, to give a stability to wages, and to prevent those fluctuations of wages which had a tendency to unsettle the habits of the artisans. MAILS TO AMERICA. The First Lord of the Treasury has received a memorial from merchants of London respecting the new arrangements for the mails to the United States. The memorialists call attention to what they term the extraordinary conduct of the Post Office in not renewing the contract with the Hamburg -American Company,whose boats left every Friday, and are among the fastest afloat; while they have concluded a new con tract with the Cunard Company for a mail by their aloes cargo boats on Tuesday. The memorialistshold that the payment of so large a sum—i:3o,ooo a year —in addition to the sum paid for the Cunard New York service, for the conveyance (Jf mails by slow cargo-boats, is a scandalous waste of the public money. All the other contracts for the American mail service are paid for by the weight actually carried, but the contracts with the Cunard Company and the Inman and Halifax line are the only ones where a fixed sum is paid ; so that every other line has an inducement to maintain a high rate of speed, which is entirely wanting in the case of the Cunard Company. The merchants are much amazed that the Hamburg-American Company has no contract this year, and have consequently gone to Havre instead of Southampton, as their port of call. It appears that the rates paid by the British Post Office are at least double those paid by the United States for the same services. It would be a great boon to those interested in the American trade if the Hamburg-Am etic o Company d be induced to resume the v. •a'44 voyages from Southampton. earrying. the • _ morning mails, and the merchants presume that they would be willing to do so on reasonable terms, as they have the mail contract for 1869 with the United States Government, bringing the Tuesday mail from N CNN' York. THE GMRALTAR QUESTION. Captain Frankland states that he has delayed the expression of his opinions on this point until he could find time to consider the letter of Admiral Grey. lle is decidedly opposed to the Admiral's suggestion, and believes that it would cost so much to make the proposed harbour for Ceuta that no one could advise its prosecution when it came to be considered. —ltia__vetv_..clobtful if CRIMINALS AND THEIR SENTENCES Mr. Bal:er makes some remarks upon the case of Summers, Bennett, and Smith, at the Middlesex Sessions. Summers had already been convicted ten times, Bennett twelve, and Smith three. Notwith standing this they were sentenced, the former to five years' penal servitude, and both the latter to two years' each. Ile doubts very much if this easy mode of dealing with criminals will answer the ends of justice. It is not likely to be much protection to the public, or to prevent the commission of crime. Had the course which Mr. Baker advocates been adopted, Summers would have been caught in 1855, and on his fourth conviction he would have been rendered nearly harmless for life. In this single case, then, the country would have been spared six convictions, and many more undetected crimes. The effect of this system of re pression on the boy-thieves of London has been very great. The adoption of a system of " cumulative sentences " would prevent the most evil-disposed from gaining the skill to be a successful thief, or to corrupt and instruct others. FREE BANKING. There is no system more convenient than the one allowing the issue of bank-notes, and there are few systems more open to abuse. Some correspondents of the Star have been carrying on an interesting dis cussion on the subject. The Secretary of the Bristol Chamber of Commerce, now writes, laying down as general propositions—l. That the proper business of banking is the borrowing and lending of money, and that that business is now as free as any busi ness can be, and much more so than many other businesses, such as that of the publican, the tobacconist, the grocer, &c. 2. That experience has proved it is most injurious to the community to allow promissory notes payable to bearer on demand (commonly called bank-notes, or their equivalent) to be issued, unless with adequate security, by a proper compulsory reserve of gold for their redemption at all times. The last proposition will hardly be ceenerally assented to in Lombard-street. THE PUBLIC HEALTH. The mortality in the large towns still varies to a wide extent. For instance, last week deaths in Bristol and Birmingham were at the rate of 22 per 1,000 of the population per annum, while at Newcastle they were 33, Glasgow 35, and Edinburgh 40. London stands comparatively low in the list, with 25 per 1,000, although its population is so dense and some portions of its area so wretched. Clearly there must be great room for improvement in New castle, Glasgow, and Edinburgh if the mortality of London can be thus kept down. The temperature of last week was most remarkably high. The mean of the week was 9.7 degrees above the average of fifty ye irs, and on Friday it was no less than 13.0 above the average ; probably it was the warmest day in Epiphany week ever known. TIIE GROWTH OF LARGE TOWNS It is estimated by the Registrar-General that by the middle of the present year, London—that is to say, the province of houses lying between Hamp stead on the north and Sydenham on the south, Bow on the east and Hammersmith on the west, and com prising 122 square miles—will have a population of 3,170,7 , 54. At the beginning of the century the population was under a million. Bristol has increased from 137,000 in 18.51 to 169,000 now. Bir mingham has 361,000 inhabitants, an increase of 61,000 in eighteen years. Liverpool has increased by more than double that number, and. has 509,000 inhabitants. Manchester has not in creased nearly so much, but still it has the respect able number of 371,000 inhabitants; and if to this we add the population of Salford, 120,000, we find that the joint boroughs are not far behind the capital of the Mersey. Sheffield has nearly a quarter of a million inhabit an t s , h a ving increased more than 100,000 in eighteen years. Bradford has 13 8 ,000, Leeds 253,000, Hull 127,000, an increase of nearly 50 per cent. upon the population of 1851. Newcastle on-Tyne has increased by nearly that proportion, viz., from 88,000 to 130,000. The relative density of these large towns is shewn by the following arrangement :—Sheffield has 10.5 persons per acre; Leeds has 11.7 ; Bradford has 21.0 ; Sal ford, 23.1; Newcastle, 24 . 5 ; Hull, 35 . 6; Bristol, 36.1 ; London, 40.7 ; Birmingham, 46.1; Manchester, 82.7 ; and Liverpool, 99 . 7. The population of all these towns put together does not reach that of London by 752,622. OUR HOSPITALS. A startling statement by Sir J. Y. Simpson has just been published. It will increase the distrust now felt by many persons against the present regu lation of our hospitals. He asserts that about three times as many patients (lie after limb operations in large hospitals as die from tl:e same operations in private and country pr , ctice. lle has collected the reports of 1,000 and odd limb amputations in country and provincial practice, and finds that out of the 1,000, the proportion o f deaths was nearly 110, or 1 in 9 : but out of 1,000 similar amputations performed in the large hospitals of Edinbuigh, Glasgo w , L on d on , &c., the proportion of deaths is generally a b ove 300, o r about one in three. Again : he states that hospitals seem generally to be much more healthy when first built than after they have been us e d a f ew years . As a proof of this assertion he quotes statistics gathered from London University Hospital, which shew that for the first five or six years after the hospital was opened, the deaths amounted to 1 i n G or 7 of those operated upon : whilst in the last returns he had seen the deaths had more than doubled, having increased to above lin 3. Sir John suggests that, as a remedy for this unsatisfactory state of things, we should specially strive to assimilate the form and arrangements of large town hospitals to the condition of patients in private and country practice. Each patient requir es an abundant, or rather super abundant, well as by d a y, an d t o ensu re it s p a ce is required. H ence, h e b e li e ves, fr, hy night suppl y aa s well of new, fre s h, an d ever - c h an ging a the ar ea over which h osp it a l s are s pread, the great l a rg and e r free th the safer and better will it be for the p a tients. In conclusion, the writer says it is our d u ty t o place the inmates in our hospitals under e ver y p oss ibl e means to avoid contagious diseases in either the wards or airing-grounds, as well as to ensure and expedite the recovery by the best hygienic form of the buildings : for health, and the recovery of health, is far more important to the poor man than it is to the rich. FOREIGN NOTES. AMERICA The repeal of the Tenure of Office Act ny a united majority of Republicans and Democrats is equivalent to a vote of confidence in General Grant. The law which has been repealed was passed at the beginning of the disputes between President Johnson and the Congress, and was for the purpose of preventing the President from dismissing the State officers at pleasure, by giving the Senate the right of veto. It was on a charge of breaking this law in the Stanton affair that the impeachment of Mr. Johnson was primarily founded. The Democrats were of course glad to repeal this Act, but they could not have done so without the aid of many Republicans. The step thus taken shews that the Act was regarded as an excentional measure to meet exceptional cases. The New York Nation has no hope of an immediate settlement of the Alabama claims. It is now generally understood that the nature of the settlement on which Mr. Johnson and Lord Stanley have agreed is such that the Senate would never confirm it, even if it gave satisfac tion to Mr. Seward. " A successful renewal of the nego tiations by Mr. Johnson with the new Ministry is impossible, if through no other reason, for want of time. Mr. Johnson is well known to have only two months of office left, and Lord Clarendon will therefore hardly feel inclined to renew with him a very troublesome discussion. So the matter will now probably go off till his successor has made his appearan ce on the scene." A Chicago paper has found a suggestive title for its divorce report. It calls it the "work of family dismem berment." And, in truth, this work is progressing so rapidly in America as to leave no doubt that a totally new theory of marriage is being silently but efficiently adopted, especially in the W es t. Matrimony in America i s not a holy bond, nor a bond of any description ; it is a contract w hi c h may be terminated at the pleasure of either party. The present system of divorce at will has its defenders in the States, but it is at least time that the question received the consideration of the State, so that it will be finally decided whether any restrictions be imposed on the production of homeless children, or whether "free" marriage be made a recognised instiNtion. When 460 persons are divorced in one town in twelve months, and their sons and daughters cast adrift from family ties, the evil has surely reached its climax. RUSSIA. Mr. Stuart Mill's gallantry leads him in the spirit to St. Petersburg. The ladies of that capital are endeavour. ing to promote the higher education of the Russian women, and Mr. Mill has written to congratulate them on the movement. "Thanks to you, ladies, Russia may gain upon the progress of the most enlightened nations of Europe. Such a result would prove that civilisaticn recently developed sometimes embraces great ideas of im provement before those of older date." Certainly Russia deserves some credit for her exertions of late years. The emancipation of the serfs has been followed by prodigious efforts to construct a railway system, and education, criminals, and commerce have all received much attention. Russia'saggressiye attitple_towarcis Poland, Turkey. aid Central Asia does not distract her Government from home work. LORD BYRON AND GREECE. The success of the Greek kingdom has not been such as to keep up the Philhellenic enthusiasm which was so universal in Europe during the original war of indepen dence, and which led to the armed intervention of the three leading European Powers. Greece is now left almost without friends, except those bound to her by ties of interest; but in her present forsaken condition she does not forget her old defenders. The municipality of Misso longlai has determined to commemorate Lord Byron by a monument on the spot where he died, in April 1829. The corporation will bear half the expense of this memorial to the great upholder of Greek independence ; the rwif be raised by public subscription. SPAIN. A panic which occurred at the Madrid Exchange, on Saturday, assumed the character of a complete collapse. For a long time the funds have been declining, until pre viously to Saturday they reached 291.—a deplorably un favourable quotation, seeing that they never fell below 2M. in the worst days of the civil war, and were frequently above 50 under O'Donnell's Government. But on Satur day there was a further direct fall of 2f., bringing the quo tations below 27, or scarcely above anarchy price. The new loan, which is offered at 80, and which has kept at something like 64, was vainly offered at 60. In Madrid the Exchange is not a barometer, as it is in more phlegmatic London, but it is rarely that it suffers a collapse of this kind. The sign cannot be called assuring. The Times correspondent disbelieves the stories now in circulation respecting the barbarity of the troops at Malaga. Certain it is that cannon was very sparingly used by the attacking general, although he had plenty at command. Not a single shell was thrown. Two steamers and a sloop cannonaded a barricade, but a large war-ship, which could have inflicted great damage on the town, was altogether silent. General Caballero de Rodas combined a great deal of longsufferance and forbearance with that firm resolution without which success was impossible. Nevertheless, the loss in the actual combat must have been very severe. The official report acknowledges more than 200 soldiers hors de combat at Malaga alone, so that the estimate of 1,000 for the loss on both sides at Malaga and Cadiz cannot be exaggerated. AUSTRIA. The agitation of the clerical party, which had calmed down a little after it became evident that the Govern ment intended the new laws to be obeyed, has again broken out. The cause of this fresh excitement is to be found in the new measures which are to be brought before the Reichsrath, for the purpose of completing Austria's social revolution. A bill on primary education will be introduced by Count Beust, and will provide for gratui tous and compulsory education, and the superintendence of all schools by State inspectors. Another law will be brought in to totally abolish the Concordat ; and another to make civil marriage compulsory. Stormy scenes may be looked for during the next session of the Reich grath. PORTUGAL. The commercial men of Lisbon have taken steps a propos of the Ministerial crisis in Pox tugal. They have sent a deputation to the Dine to inform him that the crisis is a mistake, and that the Ministry which has resigned ought to be reinstated. This novel deputation went further. It declared that the Chambers were answerable for the existing state of things, and ought to be dissolved ! The King replied to this extraordinary hectoring by the remark that he would " act according to the constitutional laws." The real solution of the difficulty is to be found in Portug honestly paying her debts, the omission of this duty having brought about financial embarrassment, and ultimately this crisis. DEATHS IN POLICE CELLS. The frequency of these events and the painful cir cutnstances under which, of necessity, they occur, and moreover the culpability of the authorities in many instances in which life is evidently in danger, and the means of averting death are neglected, will, we trust, obtain serious consideration, apart altogether from the larger question of necessary reforms of police duty and discipline. Within the past twelve months, several cases of deaths in police cells have been reported ; in most of them, persons suffering from apoplexy have been re garded as simply intoxicated, and have been locked up without medical aid, or even the kind hand of a friend to help them, and so left to die. There may be much said in extenuation of the police; they see so much of drunkenness that they may well be callous and fall into a habit of judging too hastily when they meet with a person in a state of helplessness. The last case on record is not only horrible, but it carries a dreadful had of blame to every one concerned in it A woman. reseu ,, d from a watery grave, was taken nearly naked on a stretcher to the cell, and was there locked up and ,'ied. She had been taken to 1 tavern fits, and it seems that neither the publican nor tie }once had the decency or the kindin.ss to find a woolen wrap! er To cover her nor the prudence to obtain medical advice, nor the common sens- to administet nourishment or warmth, or seil after her friends. The duties of the police in such cases can he pretty clearly de fined —that they fell short of th e i r d uty in this ease cannot he doubted. But what was the duty of the publican ? And is a r.primand trom a coroner's jury, or tit,- disapprobation of a few of his neigh. bouts, a sufficient rebuke to suTh inhumanity as was manifested in this painful case.-7 he City Press. THE LAST DAY of TERM.---This year Hilary Term ends on the Ist February, and not on the 31st January, in consequence of that day falling on a Sunday. The Baltimore Commercial says—Mr. D C. Lath bury, who writes in the last number of the Fortnightly Review on " The Constitutional Question is the United States," is, we have heard, the gentleman who has de fended in the Pall Mall Gazette the Democratic view of American politics against the critics of the Republican shade. He is an Oxford scholar of distinction, and was associated with Sir John Acton in the editorship of the Chronicle—Mr. Lathbury representing the High Church element and Sir John the Liberal Catholic. ---- -- The American barq ue Speedwell, —25 days from Now York, arrived at Gibraltar on the 26th December. She was dismasted on the 12th, in lat. 43 20 N, long. 39 W., during a hurricane. She lost her main, wizen, and foretop masts, jibboom, etc.; and her M a jesty's gunboat Ringdove has since towed into the port of Gibraltar the American brigantine L. M. Merritt, which was dismasted off Cape St. Vincent during a gale. Mr. Morris, the diplomatic agent of the United States at Constantinople, has received orders from Wash ington not to take Hellenic subjects under his protection. Thurlow Weed left New York on the 19th Dec. for the benefit of his health. Senator Sumner is prepar ing a speech on the finances, and is said to favour a speedy resumpti on o f specie payments. G en eral Butler is also preparing a speech on the same subject, and holds that a resumpti on o f specie paymFmts is impossible. Professor G o ld w i n Smith, LL.D., cf Cornell University, late of Oxford, E ng l and, i s the gues t o f Mr Cyrus W. Field, in Grammercy Park. Ex-President Roberts , of Liberia, Las finally settled down in Washington, and ha taken a house o n I s t reet, not far f rom General Butler's resi dence. The P or t smout h Ch ron i c le says ex - President Pierce was much overcome by the death of Mr. and Mrs. Hutchins f ki . n the Ohio River disaster), and ho is prostrated by sickness. Mr. Hutchins had kindly invited hie to acco mpany himself and wife to New Orleans, and for several weeks Mr. Pierce thought of accepting the in vitation. "I he Hon. E. J. Spalding was supposed to have invented legal-tenders, but it was the late Thad. Stevens who really prepared an I drafted the bill, Mr. Spalding merely introducing it. Chief Justice Chase used to bo called " Old Greenbacks," but the then Secretary of the Treasury did everything he could to defeat the bill, de claring. it to he unconstitutional even iu time of war. If Collector Smythe is rejected in the nomination to Russia, it is said tha ex-Senator Foster, of Connecticut, will make a vigorous effort to secure the place to which he . has informed the President he believes the Senate would confirm him. - - - ---- ----- Senator Cole, of California, is said to have dis bursed $50,000 in the two trials of his brother, General George W. Cole, for shooting Mr. Hiscock. Besides lawyers' fees, amounting to about $20,000, large sums were expende 1 for bringing witnesses from distant places. It is rumoured that the Senator intends to take his brother with him to California, and place him in busin3ss to start anew. Senator Cole is reputed to have accumulated a fortune of one million of dollars in California. The Board of Trade have determined to present a binocular glass to Captain Rumball, master of the Ame rican brig Dirigo, in acknowledgment of the humanity shown by him in the rescue of the mate and five seamen of the John Duncan, of St. John's, N. 8., wrecked in a hurricane in November last. The only survivor on board the John Duncan (the rest having been washed overboard) were nine seamen who had been in a most distressed condition for twelve days, when they were taken off the wreck by the American ships Rabboni and Dirty). Thu Savannah Republican is informed that Mr. Stevens has been offered $25,000 for his first volume of " The War Among the States," and that the second volume is nearly ready. A BUDGET OF CRIMES AND CASUAL 7 lES. George M. Pinney killed ex-Governor Beall in Helena, Montana, a short time ago, Pinney being now shown to have acted in self-defence the chief attorney for the prosecution requested the prisoner's discharge after an examination before Commissioner Hedges, as he was satisfied that it would be unjust to hold Mr. Pinney over to appear at any other tribunal. An encounter took place at St. Joseph, Mis souri, on the 23d December, between the Hon. J. E. Early, a prominent lawyer, and Colonel J. A. Green, also a lawyer, and Mr. Early was killed. The dispute grew out of an article published in the Herald reflecting upon Colonel Green as a lawyer, of which he believed Mr. Early to be the author. David Caulkner, a highly respected citizen and night policeman, was shot through the heart and instantly killed near the railroad shtion at Mahlon, Massachusetts, Dec. 22, at about three o'clock in the morning. He had observed two unknown men lurkiag, near the depot during the night, and when he hailed them one of them fired upon him and both fled. At Nashville, Mr. Bean, a schoolmaster in Sail Creek, Hamilton county, whipped a boy named Hutchinson. The teacher had called the boy a " numb-skull," and he, in retaliation, had at tempted to stab Mr. Bean. On this Hutchinson, a relative of the boy, obtained a warrant for the arrest of the teacher, and, in company with one Smith, went to take him into custody. They found him in the school-house, but he refused to surrender, except to a constable or sheriff. A fight ensued, i n which fire-arms were used. Hutchinson and one Moore, a spectator, were killed, and Bean and Smith were mortally wounded. In Pulaski, Tennessee, on the 19th Dec., some disguised Indians brace into the gaol, and taking out a negro riddled his body with bullets. They first tried to lynch him, but Ma-on being a power ful man, and having made resistance, they used their pistols, and in a moment he was a corpse. At Cageville. Haywood county, a negro was accused of a gross outrage, was taken from the custody of an officer by a party of masked men, and afterward found hanging to a tree, pierced with bullets. Near )resden. Weakly county, a negro woman duga hole under her cabin, placed her two children in it, then made a large tire and burned them to death. In Oak ville, Alabama, on the Dec. 18, Dr. James was shot dead by three men in masks. A short time previ ous by the doctor had killed a man, and it issupposed that the last tragedy was to avenge the act, and perpetrated by the brother of the man whom the doctor had killed. Martin Harris, represented as a dangerous person, was shot and killed near Athens, Alabama, ou the 17th Dec., by unknown persons. In Brownville, Texas, George F. Hammond. and William H. Phelps, Inspector of Customs, have been murdered, and Robert H. Ryan, another in spector, severely wounded. At New Albany, the scene of the recent lynching, on the Bth December Mrs. Morton shot a young man, named Scott Moore, a clerk in his father's store, in Main-street, near Pearl. The following is the version of the story as given by the lady : " Since Thursday last I have received several drop letters through the Post-office, signed Scott Moore, of an insulting character. I got one yesterday morning, and went to the store and asked Moore if he had written the letters, and he said he did. I demanded a written apology, and he said be had one written and would give it to me, provided I would return the letters I had in my possession and promise never to tell my husband. This I refused to do. Moore told me that he had often tried to attract my attention, but I would not recognize it. I had uo acquaintance with him before that. When I left the store, after noon, Moore went with me, and on the way proposed, if I would meet him at Mrs. Huff's, that he would give me the written apology. He went there ahead of me, and we were left in the front room alone. 1 again demanded the apology, and he asked me if I had burned his letters. I made no reply. I took some letters from my pocket and he made an effort to get them away from me. He said he would see Ars. Huff, and as he opened the door I shot." Mrs. Morton, formerly a Miss Davis, is wife of John Morton, then absent from New Albany. She is a good-looking woman, of middle stature, arid the mother of three children. Mr. Moore was a man of highly respectable family, and has left a large circle of friends. Three hor,einen called at the house of Captain 13. Fra; k - in, near to Jonesboro', Illinois, on Satur day, Dec. 19, and desired to trade for a valuable horse. Cap ain Franklin refused to trade, and the men rode off. In the afternoon one of them came back, took ho captain's horse and left his own. Captain Franklin followed and overtook the men, and demindol his horse, when the one having the horse fired three times, one ball hitting and killing the captain almost instantly. The people having been aroused, pursued and arrested the men, and placed them under guard at the magistrate's. At eight the house was surrounded by a company of armed men, who took the murderer and hanged him to a tree near by. The others proved to be only road acquaintances, and were released. At Bowling Green, Kentucky, two clerks in an office, named Brams and Smith, quarrelled, and peaceably separated, but unfortunately when they again met Bemus put his hand into his pocket, which Smith believing to mean mischief, drew his pistol and commenced firing, wounding Bemus in the elbow. Then Bemus got into action and shot Smith dead. _ In Mobile Colonel Taylor got into a dispute with Captain Cleveland, an intimate friend, with whom he was conversing at the time at a club. The origin of the quarrel was a small sum claimed by Cleveland from Taylor, who angrily denied the debt, and on Cleveland maintaining his position, rose Lora his scat, and drawing a bowie-knife plunged it into his creditor's body, inflicting a wound from which he died. Taylor expressed great sorrow, and was liberated on bail of $lO,OOO. OLD AMERICA.—The bones of a gigantic race of Indians have been discovered near Marlboro Point, on the Potomac river. The discavery of a large number of beads, moccasions, &c , leaves no doubt of the character of the remains. Further investigations are to be made. The condition of the remains indicate that they aro centuries old. Scientific American. What the people of the South think about lynch ing may be gathered from the action of some passengers in a train at Carroll station on the Mobile and Ohio Rail road Dec. 21, for they took two pickpockets alleged to have been caught in the act to the nearest tree and hanged them. Alluding to lynchers, the Vigilance Committee of Seymour have issued a circular to warn people about the village who had uttered threats against them, and to us sure them that if they behaved civilly the "Regulators" would not only allow them to live in their homes, but protect them. Benjamin Butler always contrives to attract at tention to anything he takes in hand. The last object is the Rev. Mr. Strong, of Cleveland, Ohio. "Sir," he says, "you have used the pulpit, considering Thanksgiving Day a sort of secular Sabbath for personal vituperation in the interest of capital and the mo❑ey-changers, whom our Di vine Master drove out of God's Holy Temple with a scourge of small cords. Nay, He expelled therefrom those who sold doves—an innocent occupation compared with that of the gold gamblers and speculators to whom you seem to have given the benefits of the sanctuary. It seems you were not even aware of the fact upon which you predicated ycur personal attack, from the pulpit, upon myself by name, and the majority of the Re publican Representatives in Congress. Perhaps if you had known the facts you would not have borne false wit❑ess against your neighbours." The General then alludes to the despatch of a copy of his speech nad other papers sent for Mr. Strong's enlightenment, and then says—" Pardon me, reverend sir. If your sermon had not been sent me in The Cleveland Herald marked, I should not have tro-bled you with a reply at all, and even now, I should class the publication with the lucuhra tions of "Brick Pomeroy" and "Dinnis O'Flahorty," which you will find printed on the back of your sermon, did I not suppose you were honestly mistaken, and might be willing to be set right." Finally, he concludes with the followi❑g : "P.S.—I should be pleased toehear from you a sermon on this text: —" Why dost thou judge thy brother ?" or, " Why dost thou set at nought thy brother? for we shall all stand before the judgment-seat of Christ." Nothing would grieve us more than anything which tended to im pair the ability and pugnacity of Ben Butler; and the more pleased we are the more it is directed against our friends. There is only one thing that we would not for give, and that is if he directed it against us ; but nothing is more amusing than to see Butler with a sharp stick after anybody else. CONGRESS. Little business has been done in Congress since our last Report, and the Springfield Republican thus summarises it :—" On the 18th of December Senator Edmonds of Vermont introduced a strin gent bill to remand Georgia back to the control of a Provisional Government till the State is ready to to do justice to the negroes, and this bill, or some' thing like it, is sure to pass, as the feeling of Con gress is very decided upon the subject. On De umber 19 the Copper Tariff Bill was debated for an hour in the upper branch, but no action was taken on it, and it then went over till after the holi days with many more deserving measures. Thesalne day the resolution wasadopted to look into the caseof the steamer TI - ren and the payment therefore that the English Lairdsarereported likely toget, through the ruling of the Attorney-General; and the Judicial Committee was instructed to reappoint a bill for the re-apportionment of in embers of Congress, in accord ance with the second section of the fourteenth con" stitutional amendment. Monday, Dec. 21, M r * Sumner presented a petition for striking the word white out of our naturalisation laws, and Mr . Wilson, also of this State, introduced a bill, whic h provides that any judge of the Supreme Court inaYt after reaching the stage of 70, resign, and there after, during life, receive the same pay as when at active service. On the same day Mr. Van Wycke , from the committee on retrenchment, made a re port on the whisky frauds at New York, an d the way the efficiency of the Internal Revenue Department has been hampered by the President• The report presents little that is new, but fully confirms previous reports on the same subject. Nothing has been done in the case of Menard. th e coloured membsr of the House elect from Louisiana, and several complications will have to be disposed of before he gets his seat. The President has ap proved the bill giving cannon for the erection of a monument to General Philip Kearney, but it is ev pected that he will veto the bill to allow the orga' niza ion of militia in some of the Southern States , on the ground that the two or three States not y et reconstructed are not included in its provisions. A zood deal of business of one kind and another was laid out for the committees, before the holiday re" cess, more, in fact, tha❑ usual ; and after Congres s assembles again we may expect a couple of months of steady, productive work. A new stern-wheel steamer has just been built for the Colorado River. It is called the Chindu- Wan, L"' Indian name signifying "leader," or pilot. Anot her novelty is spoken of by the Stockton Independent, viz, steamer to ply on Salt Lake, which General P. E. Conno r has built on the river Jordan, and is now ready to be launched. The machinery was procured trom Californ ia, but everything else was furnished on the spot. It wi ll be employed during the winter in towing ties for the Union Pacific Railroad, but during the ensuing sunlui er will be fitted up for passengers. _ The heirs of Liss Howe have petitioned Coo' gress for another seven years percentage on sales of th e sewing machine he invented. The Tribune asserts th at while the retail price of a g oo d sew i ng mac hi ne is abou ., $6O, it can be manufactured at from $lO to $l4, and th e remuneration to the patentees h as b een am pl e i n view of this enormous profit. The case of Elias Howe's heirs' however, differs from a mere improvement, and he w b° succeeds in lessening human labour to such an extent WI he benefits mankind should receive no stinted means °f that benefit himself. It is said that the new three and five cent p ieces have not been approved by the authorities at Washington. Postmasters complain that they are required to take the° small coins in large quantities in payment for staraP% but the Post-office Departme n t re f uses t h em i n se ttlerne ri ; of accounts. They are c ompose d o f n i ckle copper, an'. weigh respectively one and a half, three, and five grai n ; On one side is the head of "Libert " surrounded 11 the " United States of A mer i ca " an d year of coinage. 012 other is an olive w rea th surroun di ng the numera l s I, 111 and V., indica,ing th e va l ue o f th e p i ece. The nastt”.4.s,. is the Pennsylv an i a n i c k e l an d L a k e Super i or copPel which combined has an app earance resem bli ng s ilver, I e distinct from it. Madame Rachel, w ho i s j us t now a t lib e rty, and who, it is said, is not likely to return to gaol, the Ae 6 l : tion urged on her behalf being a s u ffi c i en t on e, has d fered severely from her incarceration, and is much altere from her appearance when in the dock of the Old Bai le The famous shop in Bond-street is closed, and it is s s c ., that Madame Rachel's daught er s h ave t rans f er red her ness to Paris, and are now vending their celebrated dr ug in the gay capital. Among the interesting districts opeued out the Union Pacific Railroad is the Humboldt, which is r ‘ i n e o in minerals. The Minin g and Scientific Press says he Truckee there are pyritiferous copper ores ; ori boidt Desert are fine beds of pure s a :t ; beyond, in t . , ,g vicinity of Oreana, is a curious miner a l section, differi, n 0 . from anything el-ewhere known in the world, in 110 7 0 large deposits of carbonate of lead, probably carusite have not beard of any crystals); at Emigrant Canon g ° has been found ; eleven miles beyond Argenta, at 813 ; 0 , shone 1 . ) , int, the railroad cuts through a ledge of args" ti i - s rous galena; near the same place—six miles back—nes found plentifully to smelt the same, and theneefor lys 'i. to Salt Lake there are frequent evidences of ° g o, Humboldt Desert is volcanic, being covered by lava. There are many hot springs, incrusting lima, 4- 4 alkali. A very remarkable country of bur n i ng sprisg7 which will become., renowned, is situated due south 0 ,1 Beowawe Gate station eight miles. The entire g roas for over a mile is covered with littl e blue flames, and t t b , e soil quakes. Indians reso rt t hith er i n the winter r warmth. B.'ing on the side of a mountain the fires C6e be seen eight miles di s t an t , at B eowawe Gate. A n °t" h volcanic region is in th e bh os h one Point neigh b ou rhe° between Argenta and Gravelly Ford ; where a pass r„; tween two mountai n s p resents one of the most s tri views on the road. A lava range, consisting of g re- s i hills, crosses there, running north and south. The re of the count r y i s se di mentary, and to a great exten t in s tbe ty morphic ; the coun t ry a ff or d s many f oss il s h e ll s , and or sides of the mountains everywhere show parallel sy s lines, evidencing pa s t su b mers i on . I n H um b o ldt °" l2 . ° A a fossil mastodon and fossil lizards have been fOund,Will were forwarded for Judge Crocker's museum." i [ - ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Ointment and p - l f 0 0 Disappointment Avoided.—All persons sensible of departu r° health, as well as those unfortunately afflicted by ascero.-tile disease, may resort to Holloway's two medicaments, vrit l ' o e9 certainty of deriving benefit from their use. The suff e rer's h tt rof are never wrecked while resting on these remedies wito t r cases reported as incurable frequently exercise a healthY ence, though science has declared such impossible. These P ee r fying preparations cannot disappoint the invalid, for the ir _ p ir rective power over blood, nerves, and digestion enables irre oe it diable pains to be borne, with less inconvenience, bees:l o o sustains the strength and nervous tone, and secures in 21 some refreshing sleep. [AD VERTISEMENT.)—Efenceorth no one will doubt the vale 9,0;1 properties of Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Bralagg Invalids' and Infants' Food, since to the thousands of hies it has already received from Invalids whose position ba d oiler deemed hopeless, we may now add that of his Holiness the 1 . 8 o , whose health has been perfectly restored by it after thirty Ye to dl' unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote from the " Gaz e golf Midi," July 25th Rome, J uly 21, 1866. The health of the ete e' Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other r o ot. * dies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Rev 005 1 ' Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every get It has produced a surprisingly beneficial effect on his heal t r Vi r ! his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too highly 6, of extract a few out ofmore than 63,000 cures :—Cure No. 58, ` laiS S the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver cola' wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous POP' .t all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the 0. , t Je tolerable nervous agitation. Cure No 1.771: Lord Stn a e Decies, Lord-Lieutenant of Waterford, of many y ea rs' dY o P p l pu oi.' No. 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribable agony from d3 lBl ?;,,ste nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, 8 V - 1V sickness, and vomiting —Maria Joly " Cure No. 46.27 0 ,: 0 g9 , James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased' spitting of blood, liver derangement, and pariial deafness* alit,' portant Caution—Beware of the many unsavoury and m0r.e1349 sloppy imitations to which, without au th or ity, Baron Tal e name is most audaciously attached. 11 1 ,0• 1)°. In tins, at ts. lid. ; 1 lb. 2s. 9d. ; 2 lbs. 4s. 6d. ; 5 lbs, 11S- ;0- 225. ; 24 lbs., 40s.—Also DU BARRY'S R E YA L ENTA ARABICA ,0 4„ LATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters. for 12 cups at 2s** 6 003 cups at 3s. 6d., for 48 cups at e s ., for 288 cups at 305., for , at 55s.—being about one p enn y per cup. The 30s. and 01 1 9 $1 0 " are sent free of carriage in England on receipt of Pos t Doir • .rder.—BARRY nu BARRY and Co., No. 77, Regent-stree t ' don; and all Grocers and Chemists. Births. , 1 AGAR-ELLIS—On the 11th inst., at Bosworth .1 18 ' tb Hon. Mrs. L. Agar-Elli s , o f a daughter. t he PHELIPS On the 13th inst., at Stockwood Park, l3o `"" wife of Capt. Do ug l as Phelips, of a daughter. w ife SEABROOKE —On the 10th inst., at Grays, Essex, he of Charles Seabrook°, of a son. Marriages. 'O B BOND —NEAL n the 13th inst., at Islington, Charlesry eldest son of the late Charles Bond, sq., of SP o f grove, Isleworth, to Isabel Mary, only daughter late Thomas Neal, Esq., of Hackney. orol• GOLDFINCH —M ACLEAN —On the 12th inst., at Bydeh o ol f Agnew, third son of the late Lieut.-General Sir tb ° Goldfinch, K.C.8., to Georgina, third daughter 0 late Sir George Maclean, Deaths. a t oll ° HAN , LER— On the 11th inst., at Torriano-avenue , Langisy Hensler. gi er Hofg- On the 12th inst at 32, Green-street, Grossr square, Miss Katherine Hope, aged 76. A th tif STEWARD --On the 11th inst., at Great Yarmouth , •--/. Steward, Esq., aged 68. t" VERNEZ—On the 11th inst., Mr. George Vernal:TO. firm of Sherwood and Vernez, Ludgate-hill, age-tter* WICKHAM—At Clifton, Major Edward ThoneasW ie " - 60th Rifles, aged 46 ;: o rSf London : Printed and Pablished by WILLIAM 1 1 - 5 1 of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at t2rn SUN Odl"', o :iti Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Iliddleous t —Thursdayl Jtuivary 14, 1869.