The Sun. — London, England, 1860-07-28 00:00:00

B.ENSON'S WATCHES. " Perfection of mechanism."--Morning Post. Gold Silver 2to 50 guineas. Send 2 stamps for Benson"' A:Mist - rated Pamphlet, descrip tive of every construction of wt Q:•,., 2.1 w made, with their prices. PP Watches sent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for se. extra. 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, London. E.C. Established 1749. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. • Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with THE OVERLAND ROUTE. Messrs. Charles Mathews, Buckstone, Compton, Chippendale. Rogers, Mrs. Charles Mathews, Miss Weekes, and Mrs. Wilkins. After which, the new comedietta, HIS EXCELLENCY, in which Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews will appear. To conclude with A HUSBAND AT SIGHT. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCE S S'S THEATRE.- Lessee, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, will be performed HOME TRUTHS. After which, the French vaudeville, MILITAIRE ET PENSIONAIRE. Characters by the Zouaves. And LA CORDE SENSIBLE. Followed by AN AMBUSCADE AT INKERMAN. To conclude with BOWL'D OUT. Commence at 7. A DELPHI, NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. Sole Froprietor and Manager, Mr. Ben). Webster. Mr. B. Webster will make his first appearance (since his re turn from his provincial tour) in the course of the present month, at his Annual Benefit, particulars of which will be _ duly announced. 12th week of the favourite American Actress, Miss Julia Daly. THIS reVENING, THE HARVEST HOME. Messrs. J L. Toole, P. Bedford, D. Fisher, Billinzton, Stuart, Eburne, C. J. Smith, Powell, Romer ; Miss Woolgar, Miss 11. Simms, Miss K. Reny, and Miss Laidlaw. After which, THE FOOL OF THE FAMILY. Mr. Paul Bedford and Miss Julia Daly. To canal* with OUR GAL. Miss Julia Daly, Messrs. Eburne, Ward, and Romer. Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 till 5. Private boxes, 12 28. ; Family Boxes, Ai. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balconl, 4a, 4 Front Circle Stalls, Is. • Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, is. 6d. ; • Vitheatre, le ; Gallery, 601 1 Acting Manager r. Wm. smith. FRENCH PLAYS—ST. 3, I ATES'S THEATRE , Directeur, M. Talexy.—Leasee, Mr. F. B. Chatterton. Positively the last Night but two of the season. TO - N IGHT, UNE FILS DE FAMILLE. M. Paul Devaux, M. Briet, M. Thomasse, Madame Ludue, Madlle. Gabrielle. Orchestra Stalls, 7s. 6d. ; Balcony Stalls, ss. ; Pit, 28. ; Gallery, is. Private Boxes, from Two Guineas. Commence at 8. Box-office open daily from 11 till 5 A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- ..Tl. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. WM. BATTY. This Evening . , the Historical Spectacle, entitled FAIR ROSAMOND, or the AMAZON CRUSADERS. To be followed by Scenes in the Arena. To conduce with THE SPOILED _CHILD. Little Pickle, Miss Amelia Smith. 7 Doors open at half-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box-office open dly fom till 4. Stage Man r ager— 11 Mr. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—M. Felix Revolti. CONCERTS.- CANTERBURY HALL THIS EVENING, C. H. GOUNOD'S OPERA. FAUST. First Time in this Country. Faust Mr. Henry Herbert. Mephistopheles Mr. C. Bernard. Siobel Mrs. Anderson. Marguerite •••••••••• Miss Russell. Conductor. Mr. Jonghmans. And selections from Dinorah, Trovatore, Macbeth, and numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, ls , Hall. Bd. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come. than and Mimio), and C. Marshall. The ETHIOPIANS, consisting of 17 performers (organised expressly for this Establishment), for the performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and Sentimental, with Negro delineations, anecdotes, &c., in addition to the usual entertainments. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.—SvN OFFICE, JULY 28, 1860. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 69—highest since noon yesterday. 55—lowest this morning and during the night. 64—this day at noon. BAROMETER-29.78. WIND--W.• S.-W. ; light, with fine weather, but ra. ther dull. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DA:T.—Morning, 9h. 47m.--Afternoon, 10h. 28m. To-itoaßow.-Morning, 11h. 10m.—Afternoon., 11h. 49m LCINDON, SATURDAY, JULY 28, 1880. Our readers will not count us among the dupes of Lord PALMRRSTON, nor will they even think us likely to put undue faith in him. Perhaps so much the more will they be disposed to go with us when we would place the faith in his impressions and convictions which we think justly his due. We frankly confess, then, that surveying the , whole question impartially, we do regard the speech of the PREMIER of England in regard to the proposed fortifications as entitled to the greatest weight. We do not refer just now so much to th© arguments, however weighty and just they may be, as to the man—the argumentum ad homine as we might term it. That Lord PALMERSTON should have spoken as he has done in relation to things across the Channel, should have, as it strikes us, great weight. The fortification question, of course, divides itself into two parts—what is necessary —even urgent—to be done, to make our arsenals safe against sea and land attack ; and whether the circumstances exist which require that we should do it. On the first point, which is a professional question, we have the report of the Commissioners. We have examined that report carefully, and recorded our opinion of its great ability, and of the attention to financial considera tions, also, by which it is marked. We believe few intelligent laymen can peruse the report and the evidence attached, without being convinced that in all that is essential the Commissioners are thoroughly right. The differences of opinion amongst wit nesses, so sneeringly alluded to by some, not only do not surprise us, but give strength to the representa tions of those who were responsible for giving their opinion on the whole case, since it shows that they did so after fair consideration of all sides of the question. But the other half of the question is a purely political one, and. one on which Lord PALMERSTON' s antecedents make his statements of the highest im portance. It may be necessary to recal the noble lord's language on Monday night—" Now, as to the necessity of these works, I think it is impossible for any man. to cast his eyes over Europe and to see what is passing there without being convinced that the future is not free from danger. It is difficult to say where the storm may burst, but the horizon is charged with clouds which betoken the possi bility of a tempest. The house, of course, knows that in the main I am speaking of our immediate neighbour across the Channel, and there is no use disguising it. It is in no unfriendly spirit that I am speaking. No one has any right to take offence at considerations and reflections which are purely founded upon the principle of self-defence." Thou, after justifying the commercial treaty from its tending to peace, and showing, nevertheless, what a frail security it would be, and how slow a nation, E 0 fond of military glory, will be to change to predominantly commercial tastes, the noble lord resumed,.....“ lethere nothing in the state of Europe that leads us to think that we might by the course of events be called upon to liefend ourselves against hos tile attack? We see in France an army of 600 and odd thousand men, of whom 400 and odd thousan,,l arc actually unde r arms, and the re mainder ar e merely on furlough, and can b e ca ll e d into the ranks in a for t ni ght. That army i s greater than France requires for th e pur poses of defence. No nation in the world would thi n k , unprovoked, of attacking France. Nothing could be gained by it; no one could expect to dismembe r Prance, and no one would fare otherwise than ill who ventured upon. an unprovoked attack upon France; and therefore for the defence of France ice , 1 . ..TS', t ' ~...,,..-7. _91 . A t 1$ ,_ ... ...1e -- 1. 4 . ,...., t ; "„. , ',„ • , . bROIr '---' \ 1. ' 4 " tr,.... " -4 ' :Ci. ' ',it , THE SUN. may pronounce that vast army unnecessary. Ido not mean to say that that army is raised for the deliberate purpose of aggression, I trust it is not, but the possession of power to aggress frequently gives the desire to do so. You cannot, you are not entitled to rely upon the forbearance of a stronger neighbour. You are bound to make your defensive means proportionate to his means of aggression. But it is not only on land that the arrangements of France are disproportionate to her necessities for defence. We know that the utmost exertions have been made, and still are making, to create a navy—very near equal to our own—a navy which cannot be required for purposes of defence of France, and which, therefore, we are justified in looking upon as a possible antagonist we may have to encounter—a navy which would give to our neighbours the means of transporting within a few hours a large and formidable number o' troops to our coast." Now, who is it that makes these well-considered observations, and makes them where he knows they will be heard in a few hours in every capita in Europe, as well as by the House of Commons and all England—lt is the First Servant of the Crown, and on the most grave responsibility. That ought, with all fair-minded men of all parties, to go for much. If there are occasions when the Premier of England is no party man, an occasion like this is surely one of them. We ought to do a man like PALMERSTON the justice to believe that, right or wrong, he spoke under the fullest sense of his responsibility to his Queen, to his country, and even to Europe. But if there be a man in England likely to be right on this question, Lord PALMERSTON seems to us to be tho man. Few will claim superior know ledge of Foreign Courts, of their objects and plans. Indeed the supposition, not probably incorrect, has been, that he is far better versed, proportionately at least, in foreign than in home affairs. But a yet stronger point is, that Lord PALMERSTON of all men would be the last to entertain groundless apprehensions of France. He was the first man here to congratulate the present EMPEROR on his overthrowing French liberties, with violence to those who occupied high position, and ..bloodshed amongst the citizens ; and was long under a cloud, for his apparent sympathy with a military and despotic revolution. He has been the avowed personal friend of the EMPEROR, his guest, not in diplomatic and formal style, but amid the heart-opening scenes of the chase and social amusements. He has never shown any sympathy here with the attacks made on the EMPEROR, but has always repelledthera. And, finally, he authorised Mr. GLADSTONE, with the help of Messrs. GIBSON, COBDEN, and BRIGHT, to try their best towards get ting up a reciprocal trade, which should do its part in making war less agreeable to a larger number in both countries. He retains some faith in the ulti mate workings of that treaty, though he must have noted with pain that the selfishness and trickery of the French have made the treaty, thus far, rather a cause of umbrage than an olive branch of peace. And this is the Minister who, having never before spoken in such language, feels now obliged to look across the Channel and to tell the Govern ment of our neighbour that they maintain an army too large forhon est purposes,an d that when that army is combined with an ever increasing navy, equally unnecessary for defence, the conclusion is that France can mean nothing else than, that not merely Austria or Prussia, Belgium or Switzerland, but that ENGLAND should regard her as a possible antagonist.• The French Government is, we believe, annoyed at the late mighty increase of our naval force, and is doing what she now can to depre ciate her own, and to induce us to hold our hands. First, M. KERGUEVEN is put forward to represent a large part of the French ships as so ill built that they are no match for ours. And but just now a pamphlet is published, "by autho rity," which quotes largely from our House of Com mons' speeches, to show the immense additions we have made to our navy ; while it represents that of France as going on very gently and peacefully, intending no harm to us, or to any one else ! One, however, of its statements but confirms our general argument from the convictions of such a man as our Prime Minister, for it is just this—that Lords PALMERSTON and RUSSELL have outdone all their predecessors in the additions made to the navy since they have been in office ! If this be true, it is but another proof that o4ir Prime Minister and his distinguished colleagues have shown their faith in their opinions, by actions for which they are responsible to the judgment of those who have to pay for all. We do not wish to lay more stress than is reason able on what might be ridiculed as the PALMER STON argument—though, amongst those who would sneer, we know none whom the country would ac cept with confidence for its guides on such a ques tion—but we ask in concluding, Is there any man who, while iheply regretting the never-ending naval and military expenditure of the last few years, does not feel that he is not prepared for risk ing things in the present state of Europe? Swit zerland feels itself wronged already. Belgian de puties tell their King, by describing what no Power will dare to do at this day, what they really , think France desires to do. German petty Sove reigns hurry to Baden, to anticipate bargains with Prussia, of which their liberties shall be the price. The monarchs of Austria and Prussia are merging old feuds, and at this moment are consulting for the common defence of Germany. The SULTAN is trembling at the thought of ten or twenty thousand Frenchmen landing on the coast of Syria, not forgetting Algeria, and the immobility of the French at Rome —we may add, as significant as anything—M. PARADOL is in prison for writing a little inoffensive rhetoric in praise of lit erty, and M. LEYMARIE, can not get authorisation for a journal to discuss with "moderation," the politics of France, be conk his writers are too respectable and moderate ! A throne so weak at home maintains an army and navy large enough to invade England and to terrify half Europe—the inference is that, any day, to keep a shaking Emperor on his seat, the mad game of turning Frenchmen's eyes to their armies on foreign soil may be the only resort. The throne of LOUIS NAPOLEON has cost us millions, and will cost us millions many more yet. May it not cost us blood also ? ...... From the telegrams last received it is evident that the battle near Melazzo must have been fiercely fought. We are told that the Garibaldians " lost " 780, and that the Royal troops had 1,223 " killed " with the addition—which surely might have written anywhere, that " there were many wounded on both sides." The telegram is from Genoa, as is also ano ther informing ris of an insurrection on the main land at Avellino, in which foreign troops shed the blood of the citizens. At Gaeta itself the soldiers were shouting " down with the Constitution." There are yet therefore not wanting men on whom the young Bourbon may rely. Alen who will fight and die, for him. Of what class they are, and under what inducements they fight, we shall learn in due time. They may be compro mised regiments ; they may be gorged with plunder ' , " ra , L ATE b 1 and pay; they may be subjects of superstitions as abject as that of the KING-or all these may combine, to keep them loyal to the vilest despotism known in civilisation. But, un less the Neapolitans rise universally, and with an aspect which renders suppression hopeless, it would seem that the deperadoes of despotism will not let;ltalian liberties be consolidated without serious bloodshed. Perhaps the " humanity" of the young Monarch, when he sees that some remain faithful even to him, will show itself in the way opposite to that of " saving bloodshed," and his mercenaries will be stimulated by promises of pillage and plunder to fight again. The state le things on the mainland, shows suff'i• ciently that it were folly, indeed, on our part, to use even our influence with GARIBALDI to dissuade him from landing there. Just as the people are beginning to breathe freely and to talk without restraint, the soldiers are clamouring to set aside the constitution while it yet subsists only on the word of a Bourbon, while others are ready to shoot down the people if they rise for their liberties. We do not see how anything but complete deliverance of the people from all dread of the soldiers can reveal their real wishes. We trust they will rise above local feeling and be less Neapolitan than Italian, the two being, in the pro per subordination of the former, so thoroughly compatible. To enable the people, however, to express their real sentiments, GARIBALDI must be at hand. Lord JOHN RUSSELL'S opinion on Thursday night that GARIBALDI might make a truce with the Neapolitan troops, and engage not to land on the continent, was, we hope, a purely diplomatic one. Tie at least assured us that he declined to employ force in support of his opinion, and the Neapolitan envoy now says, that he never asked it. The intercourse between our Foreign Secretary and the Minister was verbal, and we presume the truth is that he wished Lord JOHN should understand that force would be acceptable, but did not ask it in diplomatic language. As to what the next news may be, it is perfectly vain to speculate. We should be surprised neither at a complete revolu tion and the flight of the KING ; nor at a return of Royal perfidy, and its temporary success. But, of the final triumph of GARIBALDI and Italy, if left to themselves, we cannot doubt. E TS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : NAPLES, JULY 24 (VIA GENOA). An insurrection has broken out at Avellinc. The foreign troops spilt the blood of the inhabi tants and plundered several houses. At Gaeta the soldiers shouted " Down with the Constitution !" " Long live Maria Theresa !" GENOA, JULY 27. According to advices received here the loss of the Garibaldians at Melazzo was 780. The Neapolitans had 1,223 killed. There were many wounded on both sides. PARIS, JULY 27. England, although insisting on the free accession of the Sultan to the Convention for regulating the collective intervention in Syria of the Powers who signed the treaty of 1856, has nevertheless no in tention of abandoning the unfortunate Christians in Syria. She claims an exemplary punishment of the principal authors of the late massacres, and that the administration of Syria should be reorganised, in order that the Maronites might obtain the most efficacious guarantees for the future. These gua rantees to be placed under the collective protectorate of the above-mentioned Powers. It is on that ground that, awaiting the answer o the Sultan relative to his adhesion to the said Con vention, negotiations are being continued between the Great Powers. On Saturday last M. Thouvenel charged the Marquis de Lavalette, by telegraph, to urge upon the Divan to adhere without delay to the Convention respec Ling an armed intervention in Syria. No reply has yet been received from the Porte, CONSTANTINOPLE, JULY 24 Up to this moment the Porte has not given its reply to the proposals relative to a European inter vention in Syria. It is almost certain, however, that the reply of the Porte to the said proposals will be negative. DRESDEN, JULY 27. The official Dresden Journal, in an article on the .nterview of the two Sovereigns at Toplitz, says : COTVES, ISLE OF TVIGHT.-July 27 .‘ There appears to be good reason to suppose that the meeting of the Emperor and the Prince Regent and of their principal Ministers, will have a ma terial influence in bringing about a complete un derstanding between Austria and Prussia, so much to be desired for the welfare of Germany ; and that the Toplitz meeting will prove a fresh guarantee for the protection of the interests and the maintenance of the integrity of the great German Fatherland." (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON REGATTA, On Saturday, Aug. 4, a prize of 100 sovereigns will be given by the Squadron to be sailerfor by yachts of any Royal Yacht Club. Time race, half " Acker's " scale. Tonnage to be computed according to the Royal Thames Yacht Club, but the sailing regulations to be those of the Royal Yacht Squadron. The Cowes Town Regatta, it is expected, will take place on the day of the Queen's Cup race. ROYAL RURAL FETE.—This annual gathering took place on Friday, the 27th inst. The seamen from the yachts, the tenants from the royal estate, and the Royal tradesmen and their families, were present as usual. The Queen, the Prince Consort, and the junior branches of the Royal family were also present, and seemed heartily to enjoy the sports. FRANCE. PARIS, JULY 27 The representatives of the powers did not yester day sign the Convention relative to the expedition to Syria. It is said that they will meet to-morrow at the Hotel of Foreign Affairs. _ . TEE COURT. OSBORNE, JULY 27. The signing Powers are those who were present at the Congress of Paris. It is doubtful whether anything definite will re sult from the interview at Toplitz. The Prince of Prussia will meet King Leopold at Ostend. The Queen and Prince Consort, accompanied by Princess Helena, Princess Louise, and Prince Arthur, rode on horse back yesterday. Colonel the Hon. A. Hardinge was in attendance. __ _ __ M. and Madame Van de Weyer, and Miss Van do Weyer, arrived at Osborne yesterday, on a visit to her Majesty. The Royal dinner party included the Princess Alice, Prince and Princess Leiningen, the Belgian Minister, 'Madame and Miss Van de Weyer, Lord Clyde, Miss Horatia Seymour, and Colonel the Hon. Sir C. B. Phipps. Lord Clyde left this morning. Garibaldi is at this moment at Messina. BOURSE, July 27.—There has been but a very limited amount of business transacted, speculators being already engaged with their arrangements for the approaching settlement. Threes, which opened at 68f 10e, are now at 68f 15e ; Mobilier, 682 f 50e ; Orleans, 1,365 f ; Northern, 952 f 50c ; Austrian, 501 f 25c; and Lombards, 497 f 50c. The market re mained dull to the close, when the following were the quotations :- 41 per per Cents 97 75 Credit Fonder — Do end month.... 97 55 ' Belgian 41 — 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 10 Roman I Bank Shares 2805 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 685 Spanish Threes 47 50 Do. Account 6BO , Home Debt RAILWAYS. His Serene Highness the Prince Ferdinand Radziwitt has left the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn-street. The Prince and Princess Wladimir Bariatinsky and family have arrived at tho Clarendon Hotel, from Paris, Their Excellencies the Moorish Ambassadors, accompanied by Captain Lynch and Mr. Drummond Hay, bad an interview with Lord John Russell yesterday, at the Foreign .office, to take leave previous to their departure. The Duke and Duchess of Manchester arrived at the Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone, on Wednesday. The Marquis La Greca, the Marquis de Campo disola, and the Marquis de Curtopassi, have left the Claren don Hotel for Paris. Cash. Account. Orleans 1365 .. 1365 Northern New ditto — .. 870 Lyons and Mediterranean 887 50 .. 885 Geneva 365 .. 370 Southern .. 505 .. 502 50 Western Eastern Sardinian 397 50 .. Aitstrian Lombard The Earl and Countess Vane have left town on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Marlborough at Blen heim Palace, Oxfordshire. ' _ _ The Earl and Countess of Airlie have left Cam• den Hill for Cortachy Castle, Forfarshire. We have learnt with regret that the Countess o Bectire is seriously ill at Park Lodge, Virginia. _ Lord and Lady Ashburton will leave Ashburton House on Tuesday for Addiscombe Farm, Croydon. Lord and Lady Proby return to town to-day from Newmarket. Viscountess Palmerston had an assembly last evening at Cambridge House. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE.—Last evening Signor Giuglini took his annual benefit. The entertainments were " Lucia di Lammermoor," a ballet divertissement, and a portion of "La Favorita," performed by the elite of Mr. Smith's company. The house was crowded in every part. A Paris correspondent of the Courrier de Mar seille says The Emperor Napoleon, to recompense Abd-el-lialer for his conduct in favour of the Christians in Syria, has sent him the Grand Cordon of the Legion of Honour." We understand that the number of new regi ments of the Line to be added to the army, in consequence of the extinction of the local European force in India, will be nine altogether, of which, three will be cavalry, and six infantry. In these regiments promotion will not be regu lated by the purchase system in operation in the rest of the Line. It will be more on the old Indian system of pure regimental seniority, tempered, howev,er, by selection, espe cially in the higher ranks. 'We believe it is not at present contemplated to interfere with the organisation of the Bom bay and Madras cavalry.—Army and Nary Gazette. All the accounts we receive from China concur in representing everything going on as well as possible as re garde the British expedition. The whole of the troops had arrived with the exception of the Siege Train, and there was at hand a small Siege Train sufficient to commence with until its arrival. The army was in wonderfully good health, excellent spirits, and from the generals downwards full of mutual confidence. The expedition was about to start for the north, but at the date of our advices there appeared to be considerable doubt as to the French being ready in time. Indeed the accounts we hear on excellent authority of the state of our allies are not calculated to sustain their boasted superiority in organisation. They had no horses for their guns, next to no commissariat, and very few carriage ani mals for stores, &c. We understand that an offer made by Sir Hope Grant of a number of ponies was at first ac cepted by (J eneral Montauban, but afterwards rejected on the score of their expense, which was no more than that at which they were supplied to the British Army. Let us hope that it will not end in our allies expecting us to sup ply those deficiencies which it is their pride to say they experience generally to a much less extent than ourselves. —Army and Navy Gazette. DEATH OF MRS, HENRY J. WALLACK.—This much esteemed and highly-accomplished lady, who was better known to playgoers under her maiden name of Miss Turpin, expired after a short but severe illness on Thurs day, the 19th instant, at one o'clock in the morning, leav ing an aged mother, three sons, and a bereaved husband to mourn her irreparable loss. The immediate cause of her decease was cancer in the right breast and stomach. As Miss Turpin she made her first appearance at the Haymar ket Theatre, under the management of Mr. Morris, in the summer of 1832, having previously acquired considerable reputation as a vocalist. When Mr. Osbaldiston became lessee of Covent-garden Theatre four years afterwards, Miss Turpin became one of the principal members of his company, and it was during her professional career at this theatre that she was married to Mr. Henry Wallack, who at this period held the office of stage manager . . —Era. T t i i i , e eir fo ex ll a o m w i l u n a g tion are in the names of gentlemen e who IA passed LL. scien , e and practice of medicine, and received certificates to practice on Thursday the 26th of July :—Edwin Matthews James, Shrewsbury; Henry Lewis Harper, St. Luke's Hos pital ; Arthur Samuels, 62, Eldon-place, Liverpool: Benja min Evans, Duffi•yn, near Newcastle Emly, S.W. ; Gimsnn Gleason, I.c.ic,,atorehirn. For an Assis tant —Edward Lee Bailey, Maida-vale. The following gentlemen also on the same day passed their first examina ti.:n :—H er b er t M. Morgan, Bartholomew Lumley, Deci mus Curme, and William Date, all of King's College, London; Frederio Meggy, Guy's Hospital; Richard Jones Owen and Thomas F. Morrish, St. Bartholomew's Hospi tal; Edim.nd Gwynn, London Hospital; Daniel Taylor, Bury, Lancashire. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JULY 28, 1860. AMERICA. THE WEST INDIA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY MORNING. The Royal Mail Company's steamer Atrato, Captain Woolley, with the West India and Pacific mails has arrived. She left Jamaica on the 9th Barbadoes 11th, St. Vincent 10th, Demerara 9th, Trinidad 9th, and St. Thomas on the 14th inst. She brings 160 passengers, and specie, value 1,941,400 dols., and a very large cargo, compris ing cochineal, indigo, jalap, cigars, coffee, sarsapa rilla, cocoa, &c. On the 16th she passed the English brig Derwent, standing same course as the Atrato. On the 22d she passed the English ship Palmerston, from Bombay, bound to England. Lieut. Striven, R.N., Admiralty agent, on board the Royal Mail Company's screw steamer Trent, was missing. He had been very ill, and was supposed to have fallen overboard. From Chili the news is unimportant. Congress was making but little progress in the despatch of business. Further important discoveries of copper in the desert of Atacama are reported, which are attract ing much attention from their abundance and rich ness. The silver mines of Chanarcello and Tres Puntos are rather more promising. Castilla was about blockading the port of Cobija. All communication between that country and Peru is still interdicted. From Carthagena we learn that the State of Bolivia declared itself independent of the Federal Government on the 3d. General Posad a is raising troops on behalf of the general Government to march against Mosquera, in Cauca. It is reported that Don Antonio Ma Prodilla, Governor of the State of Santander, has been assas sinated. The Valparaiso market is very dull, both in im ports and exports. Copper in bars quoted 20 dols. 25c. to 20 dols. 50c. ; cocoa, 11 dols. ; coffee scarce; silver bars per ounce, 10.78 ; silver coin, 20 per cent. premium. Exchange on London, 60 to 90 days, 4s 3d per dol ; Paris, 4f 55c. Freight to England, £3 per ton. The Barbadoes House of Assembly maet on the 21st. The news was unimportant. The island was suffering severely from drought. The sugar crop was entirely finished. Exchange on London quoted—Bank bills, at 30 days, 490 dols ; 60 days, 487-.1 dols ; 90 days, 485 dols. Private bills, 90 days, 480 dols. At Trinidad the weather remained unsettled. The crops were entirely over. The prospects for next year were encouraging, and a fine crop is ex pected to be reaped. In sugar and cocoa all operations had ceased. Breadstuffs and provisions were in full supply. Freights quoted at ls. 9d. for sugar and 2s. for cocoa. Exchange at Colonial Bank selling, at 90 days' sight, 485 dols. per £lOO ; ditto, 60 days' sight, 4871 per £lOO ; 30 days' sight, 499 dols. per £lOO ; purchasing, 90 days' sight, 475 dols. per £lOO. There is no news of importance from Jamaica. Speculation in flour continued, but without any activity, and the general business has not improved, the large supply of ground provisions and fruit still limiting the demand for breadstuffs. Butter—sales of Irish at 13d. ; Halifax, mid. Beef, 255. per barrel. Coffee, none at market. Cheese, sales at 14d. Freights not increased ; hams (York) dull, at 131 d. ; lard wanted, sales at 9d. ; pork demands 110 s. per barrel ; pimento no transactions ; rice (Carolina), 225. ; sugar, 16s. to 19s. ruling figures ; tongues (ox), 565. to 58s. per half barrel. Exchange on London—Jamaica Bank, 90 days, par ; 60 days, t- per cent. premium ; 30 days, 1 per cent. premium. Colonial Bank—Rates for cash, I per cent. extra if payable in discount ; 90 days, par ; 60 days, per cent. premium ; 30 days, 1 per cent. premium. QUEENSTOWN, JUL' 27 The royal mail steam ship Persia, Captain Jud kins, from New York on the 18th inst., arrived here at 12.30 p.m. to-day. The Persia brings 168 passengers, and 450,000 dols. in specie for England, but none for Havre. She landed a portion of the mails, and proceeded at one p.m. ; all well. The Persia made the passage from New York in days and a half. The Africa had arrived out. The Washington correspondent of the New York Herald states that England and France had resolved to interfere in Mexico, and had invited the United States to participate in the interven tion. The invitation was not likely to be accepted. NEW YORK, JULY 18, The steam-sloop Flying Fish, belonging to the Prince of Wales's squadron, reached St, John's, Newfoundland, to-day. BAROMETERS FOR LIFEBOAT STATIONS.—A meet. ing was held yesterday at 14, John-street, Adelphi, of the committee appointed by the Royal National Lifeboat Insti tution to consider the various reports received from different parts of the coasts of the United Kingdom on the useful ness of their being supplied with barometers. Captain De St. Croix, H.C.S., was in the chair. There were also pre sent Admiral Fitzßov, F.R.S. ; Capt. Washington, R.N , F.R.S., Hydrographer of the Admiralty ; Capt. Ward, R.N., Mr. Richard Lewis, and Mr. James - Glaisher, F.R.S. The following lifeboat stations of the institution applied to be provided with barometers :—England—Durham : 11/ hit burn, Seaton Carew. Yorkshire : Middlesborough, Red car, Hornsea. Norfolk : Cromer, Palling, Yarmouth. Suffolk : Lowestoft, Pakefield, Southwold, Thorpeness, Aldborough. Kent : Margate, Dungeness. Sussex: Cam ber, Rye, Hastings, Eastbourne, Newhaven. Isle of Wight: Grange. Dorset : Lyme Regis. South Devon : Exmouth, Teignmouth. Cornwall : Penzance, Sennen Cove, New quay, Padstow. North Devon : Appledore, Braunton. Wales—Carmarthen : Llanelly. Pembrokeshire : Tenby, Fish guard. Cardiganshire : Cardigan. Merionethshire : Aberdovey, Barmouth. Carnarvonshire ; Portmadoc. Flintshire : Rhyl (tubular). Anglesey : Llanddwyn, Holyhead, Moelfre. Lancashire : Lytham. Cumber land: Silloth. Isle of Man: Castletown. Scotland — Ayrshire : Ayr. Caithness 'shire : Thurso. Banffshire: Buckie. Elginshire : Lossiemouth. Ireland—County Down : Tyrella, Newcastle. Louth : Dundalk a nd Drogheda. Dublin : Skerries. Wicklow : Wicklow, Ark low. Wexford : Cahore, Rosslare Fort, Wexford, Carnsore. Waterford: Tramore, Dungarvan. Cork: Youghal, Bally cotton. These several lifeboat stations represent many thousands of our seafaring population, and it will be readily conceived what beneficial results may emanate to life and property amongst these hardy men from this important step. It is a fact that at the present day the master of our smaller coasting and fishing craft hardly ever think of con sulting a barometer, nor indeed have they at most places an opportunity to do so. It is estimated that a good barometer cannot be fixed to a lifeboat-house under £6, so that it will require a considerable sum to carry out effectually the plan of the National Lifeboat Institution. We understand that a benevolent gentleman has presented to the institution £5O, to be applied specially to the purchase of barometers for its lifeboat stations, and we cannot doubt that the public will readily make up what may be further required to accomplish so important an undertaking. COMMITTAL OF Two PRIZEFIGHTERS.—OXFORD, Friday.—Yesterday, two men, named Joseph Goss, alias " The Unknown," and Jemmy Welch, who officiated as the second of Sayers in the recent prize-fight for the cham pionship, were brought before two county magistrates, Dr. Wynter and Guy Thomson, Esq., charged with unlawfully creating a breach of the peace by making an assault upon and fighting a pitched battle with Bodger Crutchley, of Birmingham, in the parish of Checkenden, on Tuesday week. It appeared that early on that morning, the defen dants, in company with a number of other people, left London by a special train on the Great Western Railway, and alighted at the Wallingford-road station, a short dis tance from which a ring was formed, and G oss an d Crutch ley fought for £l OO a side. After a contest which lasted three hours and twenty minutes, " The Unknown" was declared the victor. The fight took place on the Oxford shire side of the River Thames, and for up wardt of an hour and a half it proceeded without molestation from the police. At length two officers belonging to the county con stabulary arrived, who ineffectually tried to stop the fight, and who called upon the Beikshire police to assist them, but they stated, in reply, " that they had no orders to go out of their own county." The belligerents when called upon to desist good-humouredly told them to go away, as it would be over p. esently. A crowd of 300 or 400 persons were assembled to witness the fight, and at its ter mination they quietly disprsed. Warrants were subse quently issued for the apprehension of the leaders and placed in the hands of the police, and Goss was taken into custody at Northampton, and Welch was arrested at his residence in London. They were committed to take their trial at the next quarter sessions, but were eventually ad mitted to bail, themselves in £lOO each and one surety each in 1;50. - - RESPITE OF TIIE SEAGRNI7I4I MURDERESS.—A communication was received by tha high sheriff of Leices tershire on Wednesday, the 25th inst., from the Home office, stating that the execution of Hannah Holmes (who was convicted at the recent assizes of the wilful murder of her master, at Seagrave, in the above county) was respited during her Majesty's pleasure. W A LKERINGITAM MURDER.—Wednesday morning next at 8 o'clock has been fixed for the executien of John Fenton, who is under sentence for the murder of Charles Spencer, at Walkeringham, Notts. The execution will take place in front of the county gaol. No event of the kind has taken place in the county, we believe, since August, 1844, when William Saville was executed for the murder of his wife and three children. MESSINA. The recent despatch from Naples, announcing the intention of the Neapolitan Government to evacuate Messina, is not confirmed by the accounts brought by the steamer :—" On the return of Gen. Bosco's column, the commander of the place, seeing the embarrassment in which he would be placed by having so many men in a besieged town, decided on sending back to the mainland 3,000 melt', and they disembarked at Naples. It was this circumstance, no doubt, which gave rise to the report spread in that city that the last fortress held by the King of Sicily had been evacuated. In reality, however, the orders received from the Government, instead of being for an evacuation, were that General Clary should make the most energetic resistance with his 16,000 men, and that, in case of defeat, he should spare nothing. It was even said that he had been directed to bombard and burn down the place, but this cannot be guaranteed. It was on the morning of the 21st that these orders arrived, and the General communicated them to M. Boulard, the French Consul (who a few days before had pro tested against a bombardment), begging him to take the measures he might think desirable for the protection of French subjects, and to remove from the port the French vessels both of war and com merce. The General said that he was menaced at every moment with a serious attack from the Gan baldians, aril that he should be obliged to employ all the means in his power to prolong the defence. M. Boulard has embarked in the Descartes, and all the other French vessels have anchored at a spot which, though not far from the town, is out of the reach of the danger." PRUSSIA. The Prussian Government, it is reported from Berlin, has decided on sending a ship of war to the coast of Syria, and some transport ships to Naples. This measure is adopted for the protection of Prus sian subjects, and the natives of the German States in Naples and Beyrout. AUSTRIA. The Allyemeine Zeitung states that the Emperor of Austria, after his interview with the Prince Re gent of Prussia at Toplitz, will visit the King of SaxOny, at Pillnitz. FORTIFICATION OF MILFORD HAVEN. —WhiIe speaking of Pembroke Dock and Milford Have n, it may be stated that several fortifications of importance ar e in course of erection for the protection of the Haven and of th e royal dockyard. A battery to mount heavy guns is building at Poplon Point, near Milford, by Messrs. Tregen na, which is to be commanding in its position and power, and which is to be named after the Cominander-in• Chief. The pet i te battery of three guns, on the Stack, an isol ated rock in the centre of the channel, is under process of enlargement, and it is to make one of the links in a chain of defences by which the authorities propose to guard this fine harbour, the Stack battery thus becoming a large and powerful fort.—Liverpool Courier. DISTURBING A FRIENDS' MEETING. —At the Mansion -House y broughtesterday up on remand for disturbin g a , Ed war d Sowerby, the pseudo Quaker, w as meeting of Fri e nds assembled for divi ne worshi p at t heir meting-house, in White Hart-court , Gracechutch-street, on "Weartesday evening; and - a-medical certificate having been put in to the elfect that the prisoner was labourinc , s m e t a er, under religious delusion, Sir R. Carden desired him to be pp d ore prisoner's z w enr : , t s h o ffm h ear i taken to . the union, and leaving the authorities there to ,atsot whoiltao take e spoketnhoi m u thought ohml p ye r o o p wf 7 th , lii s a h l tihmoug gentle h dis position, e. ii.nd be answerable for his conduct. UR KAYE (POLICE INT TO THE EDITON OF THE SUN. SIR,--In the Times of the 23d instant is the fol lowing passage :—" The evidence before this com mittee discloses a state of things in reference to the manufacture of the Armstrong guns which could not occur under really efficient control, and we should be content to see any system adopted which should provide against the recurrence of the present damnatory fact, that there are at this moment only two rifled cannon in the British navy, while there are six hundred on board the French fleet." I beg to state, that such is the great improve ment in the cohesive nature of cast malleable iron, that I have had a four-pounder ship gun, four feet in:length, and rifled one full turn, cast with its bore and oval twist complete in the act of casting, by Messrs. Havengton and Bevan, of Gravesend. I have put it to a severe proof, and, in consequence, am of opinion that our Navy could be speedily furnished with rifled guns of any size, and any kind of rifling, ready cast complete on this principle, which is patented by me. I shall fire spinsters from this rifled ship-gun, which shall do the duty of red-hot shot, without incurring the trouble and danger of using such shot. I am, Sir, yours, &c., Roshertille, July 25. J. NORTON. THE COAST DEFENCES. (THIS DA I. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. WATCH ROBBERY AND CLEVER PURSUlT.—Patrick Burke and William Bath, two rough-looking fellows, were charged with being concerned with others not in custody in stealing a silver watch, the property of John Montagu a carver and gilder. There being others concerned in the case besides the pri soners, the publication of the case was deferred till the oommittal of the prisoners. Police-constable 198 C said that on Sunday, at 12.30 a.m., he saw the prosecutor lying in a doorway in Queen-street, and the prisoner Burke, in company with another man and woman, stooping over him. As soon as they saw him advancing they all ran off. He went after Burke, and assisted another constable in taking him into custody. Castle, F 129, said that hearing a cry of " Stop thief," and seeing Burke running at the top of his speed, he stopped him in Dudley-street, at the door of a house, when he (the constable) was knocked down. Burke then went up to the first floor landing, and got out of the window and over a wall. Determined not to lose him he got out after him, and after a pursuit over some water-closets secured him. On afterwards going over the ground which the prisoner had traversed in attempting to escape, he found part of a watch, which the prosecutor believed to be his. Sergeant Cole, 23 C, said—On going to the doorway, where the prosecutor was lying in a state of intoxication, he found Bath in the act of drawing the guard off his neck. All the pockets of the prosecutor were undone. He then took Bath into custody. He had known Burke wall for years. Bath said he was merely shaking the man to " wake him." Sergeant Franklin of the E division said he had Burke at the court for stealing lead, and Sergeant Cole said he be lieved they were both known. The depositions having been read over, the prisoners were committed for trial. THAMES. MICBETHDISCOVERED.—UTILITY Or POLICE REPORTS IN NEWSPAPERS.—A few days since a poor Scotch woman, named Macbeth, with five starving children, came before Mr. Yardley, 'and stated that her husband, who was ad. dieted to unusual drinking and very unsteady, abandoned her in Scotland, five months ago, and hearing that he was in London working at his business of a watchmaker, she came here in search of him. She had been all over Clerken. well, and at every house of call where watchmakers are likely to be found, but could obtain no tidings of him. She was in great distress, and her children were in want of food.. Mr. Yardley said the conduct of the husband was selfish and heartless in abandoning his wife and children as he had done, but the unfortunate applicant had acted imprudently in coming here. He gave her five shillings from the poor box fund to relieve her present necessities, and advised her to seek parish relief and gekback to Scotland as soon as possible. The case having obtained publicity, several benevolent persons forwarded money to Mr. Yardley, in the course of the week, for the use of Mrs. Macbeth and her little ones. The family were ad mitted into the Whitechapel Union Workhouse, and it was intended to send them back to Scotland at the expense of the union if Macbeth could not be found. Mr. Free man, one of the churchwardens of Whitechapel and a guardian of the poor, waited upon the magistrate, and said that a man called at the workhouse and inquired what would be done with Macbeth if he did not take his wife and children out of the workhouse and maintain them, and he was informed that a reward would .be offered for the ap prehension of the runaway husband, and that he was liable to three months' imprisonment and hard labour if he did not support his wife and family. A few minutes afterwards Macbeth appeared at the workhouse gate in person, claimed his wife and children, and said he had been at work in Reading, Bucks, where he read an account of his wife's application to the magistrate in the newspapers. Macbeth. received his wife and children, who were much gratified at meeting with him, although he was in liquor at the time. Mr. Yardley said Macbeth's wife described him to be a drunkard when she applied at that court for relief, and, that accounted for the abandonment of his family. STEALING AN INGOT OF COPPER.—Charles Benjamin, carpenter of the ship Empress, lying in. the East India Dock, was charged as follows : A constable in the employ of the East and West India Dock Company, said that he was stationed at the entrance gate of the East and West India import dock, and saw the prisoner leaving the dock and walking in a very unsteady manner. He also observed the prisoner was very bulky. He stopped the prisoner, searched him, and found an ingot of new copper, weighing 301b5., concealed under his clothes. The prisoner said he had brought the copper from the ship Empress. The mate of the Empress said the prisoner was ship's carpenter, and was engaged to proceed upon an in tended voyage to Madras. There were 150 ingots of copper on hoard. The prisoner, in defence, said he was very sorry for what he had done—he had never done so before—he had good testimonials of charaoter and conduct. Mr. Yardley—You were carpenter of this ship, the Empress, and confidence was reposed in you. You were a kind of petty officer on board who ought to have shown a good example. You were receiving very good wages, and you utusL bcgi. F aro. ...wne, , a and capt a i n of thir-- ship have had a very narrow escape of taking a thief to se* where you would have had an opportunity of plundering to a much larger extent. You say you arc.: sorry. No doubt you are, because you know you are going to be punished. I sentence you to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for two calendar months. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—The subject of coast defences being now of great interest with the public, I am induced to trespass upon you in consequence of reading Lord Palmerston's proposition for erecting fortifications • for the defence of our coasts and dockyards, in which his lordship refers to the fortifications of Cronstadt having baffled our officers, " gallant as they were, and strong as were their fleets." Allow me to remark that their mode of attack was of the old school, which consists of blowing away thou sands of tons of small pieces of iron and incendiary materials at a range more noisy than dangerous. Had my system of warfare been adopted against the Russian fortifications our Admirals would have been enabled to take up the necessary positions for destroying the works unmolested by the enemy's fire. And I may add that the broadside of a three decker, or ship of the line (which constitutes the most powerful battery known), would, under this. system of attack, crush the strongest sea-face forti fications in Europe. Under these circumstances, would it not be de sirable to pause before studding our coasts with for tifications ? as there are many accessible points which may be defended by hulks suitably armed, and moored behind a flexible floating breakwater, forming a safe harbour, and affording excellent training schools for Marine Artillery, and a more profitable application than breaking them up, or allowing them to lumber our dockyards, where, in the event of an attack with my incendiary projec tiles, they would afford the elements of our own destruction. War has now become a race of invention, and the nation that is most distinguished for fertility of re source and use of new materials and expedients will be the most powerful in attack and defence.— I am, sir, your obedient servant, July 26, 1860. J. MACINTOSH. THE NAVY. Twenty cases of Armstrong guns were forwarded yesterday by the Great Northern Railway from Sir W. Armstrong's factory at Elswick, and the most unabated activity still prevails at the Royal Ar senal in the manufacture of the same description of ordnance, under the superintendence of Mr. Ander son. A large number of heavy guns, intended ex clusively for the naval service, have recently been turned out and subjected to every description of proof with the most entire success. The following official notice, signed by Commo dore Superintendent the Hon. J. R. Drummond, C. 8., was this day posted at Woolwich dockyard : —" John Turpin, William Sutton, and D. White, established joiners, having this day been discharged from the yard for constantly losing time, the work men of the yard generally are informed therewith, it being my intention thus to deal with all those who so frequently absent themselves from work without leave." The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty W. C. Wise, master, to the Gorgon ; James Hansford, 2d class assi.t.nt engineer, to the Russell, as supernumerary; James Imrie, John Warner, and George Purkis, to the Asia, as supernumeraries. THE ARMY. The non-commissioned officers and men com posing the expedition of Royal Engineers about to be despatched to the Cape of Good Hope on sur veying and other engineering duties are likewise to be employed in the erection of the large Sanita rium which the Government has decided upon esta blishing at the Cape, for the reception of the sick and wounded troops from India and China, who are to be sent to that establishment instead of under going the long and tedious passage to England. The system adopted during the Crimean war is to be followed in this instance, a non-commissioned officer or Sapper of the Royal Engineers proceed ing in every vessel carrying the huts and stores required in the formation of the Sanitarium, to superintend the landing and fitting up of the same. The Sappers and Miners selected to proceed to the Cape on this particular service are now at South Kensington, undergoing the requisite instruction to qualify them for the duties they will be called on to perform. Col. H. Drury Harness, C. 8., R.E., who has been appointed to succeed Col. H. Sandham as director of the Royal Engineer establishment at Chatham, will shortly take over the duties con , connected with that appointment. It is under- I stood that Lieut.-Colonel J. G. M'Kerlie, R.E., will succeed Lieut.-Colonel A. G. P. Ross, R E., at Chatham, the three years' term of service of the latter officer having nearly expired. Tynemouth Castle and Clifford's Fort were vi sited on Friday by Major-General Bloomfield, who has finished his inspection of the Artillery in Scot land, and is now inspecting the defences on the eastern coast of England. THE VOLUNTEER MOVEMENT. A review and sham fight is to take place at Hylands, Essex, on Saturday, August 4. Besides three troops of Essex Yeomanry, there will be in the field a body of Uxbridge Yeomanry, and com panies of the Essex Volunteers, the whole batta lion of the county being invited—the Hon. Artil lery Company, the Victoria Rifles, the Tower Ham lets Company, and Messrs. Truman, Hanbury, and Co.'s corps. Altogether it is expected that from 2,000 to 3,000 Volunteers of various corps will be collected on the occasion. A meeting is to be held to-day (Saturday) to concert measures for the for malign of a company for the town and district of Chipping On gar. On Thursday the 7th battalion of the Birming ham Battalion of the Warwickshire Rifle Volun teers, under the command of Captain Ratcliff, as sembled at Wyddrington, Edgbaston, the residence of Sir John Ratcliff, to compete for several prizes offered by Captain Ratcliff. A large company assembled to witness the movements, and the prizes were awarded as follows :—£3o best drill sergeant, Mr. O'Neill; £lO efficiency in drill, Corporal Graves ; £7 second ditto, Mr. O'Neill; £5 third ditto, Mr. Jones ; £2 punctual attendance, Mr. Rodway. Lady Ratcliff awarded the prizes, and the Volunteers and friends afterwards partook of a cold collation in the beautiful grounds of Wyddring ton. A bugle was presented to the Rifle Corps at Stratford-on-Avon on Tuesday, subscribed for by the ladies of the neighbourhood, and presented by Mrs. Granville, wife of the vicar. lhe occasion was made a holyday, and the Volunteers entertained the spectators with a sham fight on a small scale. On Wednesday evening last the Ist b a ttalion of the Newcastle-on-Tyne Volunteer Rifles was in spected by Major Harman, Assistant -Inspector of Volunteers, upon the Town-moor. The corps mus tered at the Riding-school under the c ommand of Major Sir John Fife, and accompanied by the bands of their own and several neighbouring corps, pro ceeded thence in marching order to the Moor. Among the corps represented on the occasion were the Ist Northumberland Artillery Volunteers, the Ibt Northumberland Rifle Volunteers, two com panies of the Gateshead Rifles, the Durham Volun teers, and the Chester - l e-street Rifles. The to tal number of men on th e g round was about 450, the number of offi cers being 28 . They performed a number of evolutions in a very satisfactory manner, going through the manual and platoon exercises in a style highly creditable to all concerned. At the f which t a t w o rass, witnessed by . an the corps haling i c m l o m s e e n o s f e the enn e r e e n v r i s e e w o , been formed into a solid square, Major Harman addressed the men in com ; pl.tuent t terms, con gratulating them on their soldier-like l' al k 7 and conduct in the ranks, and e1...1-e appearance giving them a few words of advice in reference to target practice, which they have lately commenced. STATISTICS OF LIFE. Besides his quarterly report published' about a month after the close of every quarter, the Re gistrar-General of England issues a more elaborate annual report, which takes much time t o prepare; the report for 1858 has just appeared. Nearly a million and a half of names were inscribed on the national registrar in that year ; it is a book into which we all get, for, even if we do not marry, we can neither enter life nor quit it without occupying our " line and a half" in this hist or y, a t a ll even t s . Referring first, not to England alone, but to Great Britain, we find that its estimated population in the middle of 1858 was 22,626,334, and the excess of births over deaths in the year 246,488. 759,676 children were born alive, 351,346 persons were married,and 513,188 died; so that, on an average, upon every day in the year 2,080 children were born, 962 persons married, and 1,405 died, leaving a gain of 675 as the result of the day. The birth rate for Great Britain was 33.57 to 1,000 living, the death rate 22.68, the marriage rate (persons married) 15.52. For easy recollection it may be noted that rather more than twice as many are born in a year as are married, and the deaths should not be so high as midway between those two numbers. To 1,000 people living in the two coun tries the births in the:year were 34 in Great Britain, 27 in France—a very striking difference ; the deaths 23 in Great Britain, 24 in France ; the persons married 15.5 in Great Britain, 16.9 in France. In Scotland the marriages, if all regis tered, were not so numerous as in England; the births were almost exactly at the same rate ; but the percentage of deaths in Scotland was only 2 047, in England 2 . 303. Turning now to Eng land and Wales only, we l earn t h a t t o every 1,000 girls 1,045 boys w ere b orn , an d 102 ma les died to every 100 females, the average of 21 years being 103 ; but there are more females living in England than males, and out of equal num bers living 105 males died to every 100 females, the average being 107. The births are always most numerous in the first half of the year ; in 1858 they were as 2,091 to 1,909 in the two half years. To every 100 women living of the age of 15-45 there were 14 3 births in the year. 43,305 children were born out of wedlock in 1858, or one in everyl s of all the children born alive ; 106.2 boys were born illegitimate to every 100 illegitimate girls, while among children born in wedlock the boys were only 104.4 to 100 girls. The marriages in 1858 were below the average. Marriages are celebrated . England and Wales in 12,350 churches, and in 4,072 chapels not belonging to the Establish ment, 505 of these being Roman Catholic. There were 128,082 m arriages celebr a t e d in churches, and 27,988 otherwise, 6,643 b e i ng of Roman Catholics, and 9,952 in the Registrar's The marriages and arrg ia no e t s of minors in 10,000 p erso ns marrying in creased from at of an religious worship. minors increase. Th e propor tionplafe of 885 in 184.3 to 1 ; 212 i n 18 5 8 . To every 130 marriages in 1858 by li cence th e re were 728 by ban ns, which may be t a k en as th e pro portion of marr ia g es of th e higher and middle classes to those of the lower. In 1841, 41 in 100 of the per sons married had to sign the register with their mark ; in 1858 only 32 ; the improvement is most striking among the women. In 1858, 73 in 100 men, and 62 in 100 women, wrote their names on this im portant occasion. The m or t a lity of the y e a r was high. The deaths in the chief towns were at the rate of 2 .655 ; in the co un t r y di s t r i c t s . 2.006. Th e d ea ths of in the army abroad were more than usual, in conse quence of the Indian mutiny. The average strengtit, of the army a b roa d was 111 , 730, an d th e d eat h s a b r oad were no less than 7,363—m0re than double the num' ~b er in th e prev i ous year , w h en th e strength wa5 17,676. The number of merchant seamen at se a in 1858 is calculated at 177,832, and 3,486 deaths at set' among this body were reported to:the Registrar-Gen e , ral of Merchant Seamen, with an account of their effects. This would be 19 6in I,ooo—a high rat e among Fen of their age and physical advantage?" This return does not include seamen dying ashore In foreign parts ; the account of their effects is sent to the Board of Trade by the consuls. c iptains of vessels return the births of 11 : English subjects in British vessels at se,!' and 390 deaths. We close with a ta ble ' which must be read with the recollection t hat on our side the population of Scotland and Irel and ' between nine and ten millions, are not included' England and Wales. France. 1854, 1858. 1854. 185. 679 Estimated population 18,618,760 19,523,103 36,1 55 . 682 36, 21S Marriages , o lfig Births Deaths RIFLE CA ing owi the slid she( take tabl I 2 6t1 Pub of a the la n d Cent seep viti wit] nese preE pre Un ?as Do, I Di lili Dc NI