The Sun. — London, England, 1829-01-03 00:00:00

MONOPOLY IN COALS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Silt--It has been accurately observed that the price of any article which comes into the market, under a system of restriction or monopoly, is nearly the highest which the consumer can afford to pay; while when trade is free, and competition not re pressed, the price is that sum which the producer can afford to take, so as to ensure a sufficient and regular supply; to use the language of modern Po litical 'Economy, the price in this batter case is the - natural one, and is measured solely by the cost of production. To injure in any degree the interest of any order of society, for no other purpose than to promote that of some other, is evidently contrary to that justice and equality of treatment which are due to all the different ranks of society. Monopolies, either virtual or actual, are clearly of this nature ; they promote the welfare of those individuals in whose favonr they are created, at the expense of that of every other member of the community; they are commercially impolitic, and at the same time re pugnant to the piainest principles of natural equity. We End it stated in history, that in the Moluccas the Dutch East India Company used to burn all the spices which a fertile season produced, beyond what they expected to dispose of in Europe with such a prodt as they deemed sufficient. In the islands where they had no settlements, they gave a 'premium to those who collected the young blossomS of the clove and nutmeg trees, in order to destroy the prospect of the season ; and evert in the islands where they had settlements they reduced very considerably the number of those trees, and thus took care that no greater quantity of spices should grow than they themselves considered suffi cient for the supply of the market. If we were to read in the pages of some grave historiographer of the Company ; that in acting thus, they were solely influenced by a desire to render the supply and qua lity of their spices more suitable to the demand and inclination of the consumers, we should probably smile, and perhaps wonder what must have been the intellectual condition of the people to whom such an apology could be offered with any expecta tion of ebtnining belief. Our mirth, at the expence of the worthy Hollanders, might be checked before it reached any very intemperate display, by our call ing to recollection that no great length of time has intervened since a Member of the British Legisla ture had the hardihood to assert from his place in the House, that the combination amongst the coal- Own.',rs in the North (he himself being one of the Immber) had been established :and was continued, from no sinister views of private interest, but had for its object entirely the advantage of the public, and took its origin from an anxious wish that the city of London in particular should enjoy a supply of coals of the very best quality. Whatever credit such an assertion might obtain when circulated ge nerally throughout the country, its author seemed with confidence to rely upon, and to have been happy in, the credulity of his immediate audience : it scarcely, I think, drew forth an observation in reply. Who indeed could d.N.bt the veracity of an Honourable Member, whose income was only 20,0001. per annum, wising from the monopoly he had so generously stepped forward to defend ? It is, l'fir. Editor, somewhat singular that the mor :eoly enjoyed by the proprietors of collieries in Durham and Northumberland, and their private re gulations, by which its inconveniences are so consi derably increase.!, have attracted- hitherto so small a share of public attention. When we reflect how greatly the comfort and health of the poor depend upon a plentiful and cheap stupphtef . tieb ir e tit cient to ensure the adoption of some measure for preventing a boon, originally conceded, because its ultimate effect was thought to be instrumental in promoting our means of naval defence, from being converted into an engine for private emolument, and for enhancing the price of an article, which in this country is well entitled to be considered one of the prime necessaries of life. The " Vend," or system of regulation, that has so long existed amongst the proprie tors of coal-pits in the North of England, is no ima ginary grievance, its mischievous effects are well known to and felt by all wbo frequent the ports of Shields and Sunderland for the purchase of coals. The great object of this regulation, which (as was a short time ago observed in your columns) the pro prietors have bound themselves to observe for another year, is to limit the quantity of coals which shall annually be taken from their respective pits. It is obvious that such a regulation must operate very prejudicially to the interests of all consumers, who are thus made, in some degree, to feel the evils of scarcity, and to pay a high price for that which ought naturally to come into the.market at a comparatively low rate. In the absence of expe rience, which, however we possess in abundance, general principles alone would teach us that such an effect must inevitably arise from the maintenance of the " Vend." The doctrine of the applicatiwi of capital to land may be extended with equal force to the produce raised from mines, and consequently the natural price of coals will be determined by the cost of their production at the pits of the lowest degree of fertility which it k necessary to work, in order to insure to the consumers a constant and effectual supply. For the sake of illustration let us divide the mines into three classres, nhich divisirm may be sup posed to express their relative degree of productive ness. So long as the supply is altogether drawn from the pits of the first class, the natural price of coals will be low ; the proprietors gill, nevertheless, obtain the full rate of profit on the capital which they may employ. If the demand should increase to that extent, that it becomes no longer possible to obtain the requisite quantity from the first class of pits, the price of coals will rise, and be permanently higher; it will now be profitable to work the pits of the second degree of fertility, while those of th, first degree will, besides the ordinary profits of ca pital, furnish a rent to their proprietors. If the con sumption should still increase, while the produce of two classes of pits, taken conjointly, and aided by an improved method of working, and the adapta tion of the best machinery, is adequate to meet the wants of the market, the natural price of coals will experience DO furthw•r advance, notwithstanding the effectual demand has become greater. But while things arc in thia state let the owners of coal-pits agree to limit the quant•ty which shall annually be taken from them, or in short, to let the " Vend" be established such as it exists at the pre sent moment. The market being now understocked, the price of coals will once more rise : the mines of the lowest degree of fertility may now be worked with profit, while those of the second class will af ford a rent to their proprietors, and chat of the first class be enhanced. The principle which has effected t rise of pri, is obviously ditr,•rc.nt from that rega4Lted the former ore; it is not occasioned Etr LONDON, We recommend to the attention of our readers the calm, rational, and convincing comments of Lord ANGLEsza. on the late letter of his Grace the Duke of WELLINGTON. They are pre cisely those which might have been expected from his character, and furnish ample food for grave and attentive reflectiox. Each remark seems stamped in the mint of a high and noble nature, and having been the slowly-formed re sult of severe and diligent inquiry, cannot fail to produce conviction in the minds of all but the self-interested or the ignorant. We have received the Nuremburg Corres pondent, which has some speculations on the present state of parties in Turkey, but contains no news that requires any particular comment:— FROM THE LOWER DANUBE, DEC. 10. Flowerer persuaded the German friends of the Turks may be, that the energetic Sultan Mahmoud will employ all the resources of his nation to the object of retaining possession of his European dominions, they are much t iistaken if they infer, from the diminution of the Russian army on the right bank of the Danube, the fall of Varna and defeats of the Russians during the winter. The Turkish army is undoubtedly numerous at all the most important points, and is en the whole better armed and equipped than formerly; but if the Russian army has perhaps too many veterans, the Turkish has too many recruits, whom constraint more than religious fanaticism has caused to join the army. The Turkish deminions in the three con tinents contain at the most a population of 7i mil lions of Turks. The African part is paralysed. The Asiatic has, contrary to all expectations, sent into the field two Sovereign Pachas, or rather re presentatives, wino are doubtless furnished with in structions to secure the independence of the Pachas, in case of the overthrow of the Turks. The deposed Grand Vizier acted with more prudence than the Sultan, in not venturing to risk the fate of the em pire in one battle, but rather sacrificing Varna. A great defeat, and the impossiblity of raising a second army, would have produced anarchy in Turkey, and a scene of confusion like that in Prussia in 1806, after the battle of Jena. Not the old Paellas, but their sons, con!ider themselves, if the worst comes to the worst, as the heirs of the Sultan, and think of a kingdom, like that of Egypt, the state of Tchapan Oglou in Asia, the Barbary Re gencies, the Captainship of the Albanians, Arnouts, &c. A conspiracy is wanting ; but all the elements of dissolution are at hand. If the Sultan could com mand sufficient funds to pay the 100,000 Albanians who are able to bear arms, it is possible that Russia • might hare the disadvantage ; only it is to be re gretted that the several Russian Generals have sup ported each other so feebly, and the Turkish Gene rals have acted with so much energy ; but the hang ing back of the Arnouts and the brave Bosniaks, the liseases in the ari!.:., the bad state of the routes in the Balkan, and the want of artillery, make it impos sible for the Turks to recover, during the winter, the fortress of Varna, the works of which have been pretty well repaired. Can it be supposed to be impossible for the Russian north coast of the luxine to supply 1'2,000 Russians at Varna with provisions for six months ? Will the garrisons of Silistria, Widdin, &c. &c. be able to molest the 100,000 Russians in their winter quarters is Mol davia and Wallachia ? and can we think that the Russians will be unable to - find subsistence among a million and a half of inhabitants in the Principa lities, which are the most fertile provinces, and, except the incursions of the Pacha of Widdin into Little Wallachia, hare suffered nothing from pillage? Servia would readily revqlt if it had a real guarantee from Russia that it would not be again sacrificed. It is the lukewarm Christianity prevailing in London, Paris, &c. that the Servians and others dread. If the Court of Vienna would ()pertly declare that the revolted Christians should not again become slaves of the Turkish Pachas, the Christians in Turkey would de wonders; for they have been deprived of every thing to supply the Turks wall means of re sistance. If more unanimity prevailed among the Russian Generals it would have already been all over with Mahrnond, whom all the Turks dread as a scourge. Turkish fanaticism is as selfish as every other, and not more durable. Mahmond is sur sounded with traitors who would rejoice at his fall; which we hope may not be the case of the Emperor Nicholas in 1829. England will not go to war to save the Porte ; nor any Continental power be willing to sacrifice itself for the Turks: A Charleston Paper has been received At the North and South American Coffee-house, of the 2d December, it states that a proposition is now before the Legislature of North Carolina, to incorporate all the banks in that State into one grand specie paying institution, and the Senate to become a stockholder on the same footing as individuals. It was expected that this subject would excite a long and warm debate. Inc American PRESIDENT'S Speech, while it gives a striking view of the internal prosperity of that great country, and of the irresistible pace by which it advances to wealth and greatness, affords ground also for various other reflections. It will be observed that Great Britain and America are now fairly involved in a contest of commercial restrictions, and notwithstanding that they both profess their faith in a wore enlightened creed, and both reprobate the policy which they are madly pursuing, yet differing very uselessly, we think, about miserable details, they strike at the root of great principles, and are raising up a wretched fabric of meanness and jealousy, to per plex their mutual intercourse and to obstruct their prosperity. Each is endeavouring to throw the odium of these miserable measures on the other, and both profess that they only resort to those devices by way of retaliation. We cannot help thinking, however, that they are both in error, and that they are far too ready to retaliate before first trying the effects of a more conciliat ing policy. But without at present entering into the merits of the existing dispute, we call on the advocates of restrictions in our trade to mark the „sass.: ass ass; t.piaiiecity in which they will be repelled by every inde pendent state. The time for this miserable policy is past. Even if no nation were to retaliate on us an equal measure of restriction, we should still hold all restrictions to be impolitic. But when other nations throw these restrictions in our teeth—when they commend the poisoned chalice to our own lips, the matter is brought to a very clear issue. It is now evident that if we restrict the trade of other nations, they will restrict our • trade—that we cannot, therefore, have what we aim at, namely, a monopoly of trade, for every exclusion or prohibition which we impose on others they will retaliate on ourselves ; and in the progress of this pernicious policy the question between commercial nations will be, not how much good, but how much evil, they can do to each other. We plainly see that America, which is rapidly rising into such importance, and which must open so great an outlet, for years to come, to our overflowing manufactures, will not allow us to pick and chuse among her com; 'tierce what articles we shall exclude, and what articles we shall admit. If we do not take care, if we do not retrace our steps in time, the axe of proscription will descend with vengeance on our trade, and lop off entirely this important branch of our commercial intercourse, America has already presented us with a slight sketch of the restrictive system, and she is perfectly aware that there are many vulnerable points in our commerce where she could inflict a serious wound. In the progress of the system of restrictions, attended, as it will be, by mutual exasperation, we have no doubt that America may at last be brought to injure herself that she may injure Britain more. The importance of cotton, as one of the raw materials of our greatest manufacture, is well understood by her ; and what would be the consequence if, in the madness of jealousy and revenge, sthis trade should be ob structed—great evil would no , isnbt thence ac crue to America ; but would that be any conso lation for the injured manufactures of Britain ? The folly of this contest in commercial restric tions cannot be too severely reprobated. We cannot help expressing some surprise that Great Britain should cling with such pertinacity to the mere shreds and patches of her colonial mono poly, absurd and useless in its best estate ; but now, like the restrictions on the Irish Catholics, a mere disjointed piece of patch-work, offensive to the eye and totally useless, even for its own narrow objects. America should be conciliated, and she should also conciliate, for there certainly cannot be a more humiliating spectacle than that of two enlightened nations, each following a ssy tem which they openly disapprove, and the odium of which they endeavour mutually to cast back on each other—a system which is the offspring of temper and not of policy ; pernicious in its pre sent consequences, but far more pernicious as of evil example, and as subversive of those free and enlightened principles by which alone the com merce of nations can be advantageously regulated. By an article from the Times, inserted in our columns of to-day, it will be perceived that Lord ANGLESIA has resigned the Viceroyalty of Ire land. This event—upon which judging from the exigencies of the time we speculated a few days since as being one very likely to happen—will doubtless pave the way to results of so awful, so tremendous a character, that we shudder but to think of them. The resignation must, in fact, be looked on, if not us a death-blow to the Catholic hopes, at least as a proof dint Emancipation is fast retrogading with the Government. Really there is something very puerile in such vacil lation. Ministers appear for the last few months to have been merely coquetting with the two Catholic and Anti-Catholic parties, with out the slightest intention of benefiting either. Thus month they incline towards the Bruns wickers ; the next towards the Papists; at one moment they leer upon Mr. J. C. BxRRBWORD, at another they look languishingly upon the pen sive graces of Mr. O'CONNELL. Such conduct cannot last. It is an imbecile expedient, a wretched shift to put off the evil day to the latest possible moment, upon the same principle that a silly school-bey lingers over a dose of physic, though aware that it must eventually be swal lowed. It is a truckling to prejudice from an innate consciousness of inability to grapple witkit. With regard to the great question itself, we can compare it to nothing but the stone of Sisyphus, which the Liberals are perpetually toiling to roll up a hill, for the sole purpose, as it should seem, of finding it roll down again. They contrive to catch a view of the Pro mised Land of Emancipation from the Mount Pisgah of Expediency ; but they never advance nearer, for the frontiers are guarded by Doubting Castle. But to drop allegory. Is the Catholic Ques tion, let us ask, to be ruined because a few old men—the giants perhaps of other times, but the pigmies of the present—choose to set their faces against it ? Are the tears of Lord EL DON to he balanced against the wrongs of seven millions ? Is Ireland to be lost, because his Grace of NEWCASTLE has compromised him self by an hostility to the Catholics, which has every earthly recommendation but that of com mon sense ? There is but one reply to all these queries; and that reply will, we fear, be soon put forward in a shape at which ages yet unborn tremble. THE FUNDS.--(THIS DAY.) CITY, TwuurN o' Cr.oosi. Some sensation was caused in the City by the re ported recall of the Marquis of Anglesea from the Government of Ireland, and it was considered, in the first instance, as a circumstance unfavourable to the cause of Catholic Emancipation ; it may probably arise from an entire system, which by many is ex pected to take place in the Government of this part of the United Kingdom, and that it will be assimi lated to that of Scotland, thereby saving a very large sum to the country. Consols closed yesterday at 87 and opened this morning at 87i, sellers, since which only one bargain has been effected, of 10,000/., which has changed them to buyers. Ex chequer Bills are quite nominal, at 68 70 pm.; and India Bonds, 72 4 pm. A trifling advance took place lste in the course of yesterday, in some of the Foreign stocks, which is nominally sustained to-day, for no real business has been transacted; Brazilian Bonds are 64k; Da nish 63; Mexican 6 per Cents., 32k 33; Por tuguese, 533 4; Russian Stock is rather heavy at 95 which is the present quotation. The Share speculations are at a complete stand still, and there is no business. • The subject of Stephenson's delinquency still oc cupies the entire conveisation of all classes in the City, and is revived by fresh proofs of the false esti ante which has been formed for years of his real cha racter. The house appeared in the Gazelle of last night, and it is hoped the partners in this house will be able to clear themselves from a charge very gene rally made, of having been culpably negligent in the mana t zement of their affairs, without which their guilty partner could never have carried on his frauds to the extent which se unfortunately are found to exist. Three por Cent. Con , tols, shut ; Ditte, for Aesottet, S7l /; Three per Cent. Ilerlneetl, 861 ; Bank Stoek, 209 10 ; India Bonds, 72 4 pm. ; Exehlser Bills, 68 70 pcc. Foßmicg.--Bratilian, 64 ; Ar.anos Ayrea, 47 8 ; Cltilian, 22 23 ; Colombian, 23 4 ; Danirb, 63 ; French, Five per Cent. 1061 74; Three per Cent. 74. 1; Greek, 16 17; Mexican, Five per Cect„ 251 6 ; Ditto, Six per Cent., 324 5 ; Peruvian, 171 181 ; Pot tngnese, 531 I ; 95 4 ; Spaniel], 10 Sittas.—Anglo Mexican, 774 die. ; Brazilian, :37 9 pm. ; Bolanos, 85 9. pm. ; Colombian Mines, 131 121 dla.; Real Da Monte, 150 per share; United Maxim), 231 23 dis. TWO O'CLOCK. Consols remain S7i -, with literally no business. Where the evils of Stephenson's frauds are to end, is incalculabie. Another lot of 10,0001. I:3:chequer Bills has been found out, it is said, and that siren the sanctity of tin boxes and locks has been violated. THREE 0' CL 0 CIL Consols, 87k, liellers. FOUR O'CLOCK.—CLOSING PRICES. Consols Do. for Ac. 871 Brazilian Bonds Buenos Avres 47-1. Chilian Do. Columbian, 182123 i Amish Greek, 1825 16i Mexican, 1825 Peruvian Russian Spanish 1O In order to make hens lad- throughout the winter, it is recommended to heat 'the poultry roosts by means of steam, and to mix with their food pounded oyster or other shells, and elate also pounded. The lime con tained in the oyster shell contributes to the formation of h e shell, and the slate lilts ens the flavour of the meat of, egg.../Jill. Unit, SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE-O'IILS DAY.) FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, JAN. 2.--Wind N.W.--Arrived the Wallsend, Willis, from Quebec ; and Ask, Jack son, fl'om Nantes. Arrived from London, the Pega sus, TritT, for St. Thomas's; and Duke of Man chester, for Jamaica. PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 2.—Wind N.W.—Sailed the Orelia, Hudson, for Van Diemen's Land. FALMOUTH, JAN. I.—Wind W.N.W. to N.W.— Sailed the Hope, Sinclair, for the South Seas; Cla rence, Muddle, for Van Dieman's Land; Eagle, Price; Arundel, Ford; and Clara, Hall, for Jamaica; Panther, Gorring, for Genoa; and Jane, Lenor, for ditto. RAMSGATIC, JAN. 2.—Arrived the Favorite, Find- lay, from Terceira. BRIDLINGTON, JAN. I.—The Lily, Milton, which was OH shore near Flambro' Head, Was got off this tide, and brought in here not much damaged. NORTH SHIELDS, JAN:I.—The Arrow, Hatrpe ley, from Hamburgh, has been got off the Herd after discharging part of her cargo, and towed in here by a steam-boat leaky. The Sheffield (steamer), from Liverpool to Belfast, was driven on the rocks at Ballywalter during a gale, on Tuesday. TII MARKIZTB.-(THIS DAY.) FISLAIARKET, BILLINGSGATIL Tide morning's market exhibited a tolerably good sup ply of the undermentioned kin►ie of fish, which sold briskly at the following pious:— Prime Turbot, ........ Ditto small, pee Coel.fish, each 8 0 18 0 Soles, Per thr , e pairs ......... ......... 1 0 12 0 Fine Whitings, per....«....«.......«..... 4 0 13 0 State, each ..... ••••••••••• ••••••••••• eine ...... ..... .1 0 :1 0 Hadiocks, per dozen . l3 0 30 0 Brill, each .....,.. 1 6 7 0 Gurnettz, each Live Flounders, per quartern .... ...... Live Eel'', pia* 5113 Dutch Plaice , per basket ............ ..... .3 0 .? o Fine Lobeteri, per score ............. 4O 0 44 0 Inferior ditto ........... —.......—... ....... —.. ...... 10 0 90 0 Fine Yarmouth Bed ......... per !unwired 7 0 8 0 Scotch ditto 6 0 7 0 Pickled Herrings, per 100 0 0 6 0 Best Common Oysters, per bushel Natives 34 0 38 0 COVENT-GAR: 71iere was a good supply al the time of year, but the toad the same u clt this day ss'nni o. d. a. d. Potatoes (roc ewt.) 36to 7 0 CaLbages (12 heads).— 1 9 3 0 Ditto Red .. 6 4 0 Cauliflowers ....—.. ..... 1 9 301 Horst ttadish(bunTdrsr) 2 6 4 0 Ceirsiry IIS 2 6 Brat., Carrota bunches) b 0• 8 6 Turaipo 2 0 4 0 Coievrcrrta or Grema... 9 6 4 6 Leeks 1 0 2 0 EnglishGrapos (porlb )1 0 96, HAY HA RKETI3—(At per Load of SS Truss:.) ST. JAMES'S. Coarse heavy Lowland /Meadow Hay /2 b to £2 lb Best New Meadow Ilay 2 15 3 0 Fine Upland Meadow and Rye-grass Hay 3 10 4 6 Clover Hay 3 5 5 0 Oat Straw XI sto XI 10 1 Wheat Straw 1 111 1 16 supply goof, trade dull, and prices as last quoted. SMITHFIELD. Coarse heavy Lowland Meadow Hay .C 2 2 to .12 10 Beat New Me,lslow Hay 2 10 2 15 Fine Upland Meadow and Rye-grass Hay 3 0 4 0 Clover Hay (extra flne).--£5 0 ... Generally 3 5 4 10 Oat Straw £l 7to £1 10—Wheat straw 1 10 1 13 A moderately good supply, and a dull trace, at Thursday's prices. The Duke of Rutland, the Duchess Isabella, the Margsis of Granby, and Lord and the Ladies Manners, are at present at Detroit. It is expected that the castle will be crowded with distinguished visitants for the Duke's birth-day, which is always celebrated on the 4th of January. Mr. Sanders the artist, is new actively employed at Bel_ voir, in completing two whole length portraits of the Duke and late Duchess, intended to occupy vacant compartments in the grand drawing-room, which will be opened for the first time on this occasion. The furnitere is all complet ing in the florid style of Louis XIV. The Leicestershire rellis;a band is engaged fer a fortnight at the castle.— Stamford News. Mr. Remington (one of the partners of Mr. Rowland Stephenson) had a long conference yesterday at the Home Office with one of the Under Secretaries of the department, and with the Chief Magistrate of Police. Earl Spencer experienced a dangerous attack of illness during the present week, while staying at his seat Althorp-perk, Northsniptonshire. Sir Henry Ha'ford' was sent for express. Sir Henry left town to attend hi• Lordship, and remained at Aithorp till all danger from the attack had subsided, when Sir Henry bad returned to town. An aggregate meeting of the Catholics of the county and city of Kilkenny, is to be held on the 12th of January, for the purpose of petitioning for unqualified emancipatien.—Dahlin Merning Rigister. COASTING TRADE OF NEW PROVIDENCE, R. I.—Upon the authority of the Inspector of that place, it appears, that in the years 1805 and 1806 there were but 350 wasting Tassels entered that port annually; in 1823 the number had increased to about 2,500 ; ar.d• , during tho year 1827, about 4,000 coasters entered the port of Providence, evir.ohl an extraordinary extension of the commerce of that town. Accounts have been received in town of the death, suddenly and very unexpectedly, of the Bishop of Norwich. His Lordship was upwards of 80 yearn of age. It is very generally supposed that, in con ff.equence of the ieriotts and influential remonstrances which have been made upon the subject, the Lords of the Trea- Pnry will not confirm the permission said to have been granted by the Conuijissioners of Woods and Forests for the erection of tilt, new College in the Regent's Park. FECUNDITY OF RAT s.—RatS multiply so prodigiously, that were it not they are universally pro seribed animals, and receive quarter front neither man oar beast, nor even from one another, it is calculated the world itself wish! not contain them. From one pair 1,000,000 snay be propagated in two years.— Vide Buffon. Cardinal Dubois used frequently, in searching after any thing he wanted, to swear excessively. One of his clerks told him, " Your Eminence had better hire a man to swear for yen, and then Ton will gain so much time." The Court of Examiners at Apothecaries' Hall have come to a determination not to allow a mcdicrd gradtiate of any University to practise ru; an apothecary in any part of England witliont a certificate of having first been duly examined by them. So frequent and daring have become the nightly depredations in the neighbourhood of Lisson green and Portland-town, that the inhabitants are neither safe in their holism, nor able to leave them in security. A history of the Stage, from the earliest period, is, we understand, wally ready for the pram. It is writkn the Eilitor of the last Edition of Dodsley's Old Plays. A grand Installation of the Knights Com panion* of the Order of the Bath is, it is said, to take places in Afey next, in Weatmiustcr Abbey; after which the members of the United Service Clnb intend giving a truperh ball and sapper. We understand that Mr. Wilkie has just finished a portrait of a S4..otch nobleman, in the style of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and it is added, With a tent and afoot not inferior to that eminent artist. Such was the fineness of the day yesterday, that Constitution-bill and Hyde- park, dieplayed an unnsnat number, considering the time of year, of egaestri-ans, con sisting of both ladies and gentlemen. New Year's Day being the anniversary of the birth of the Earl of WeBtmoreland, who yesterday completed his 70th year, the Duke of Wellington and a large and distinguished party spent the day with the Noble Earl at Apthorpe, near Want , ford.—Stamford Afercrtry. by a necessary increase in the cost of production, but arises altogether from a combination of preprie nrs; a combination' which could not exist for a mo ment tinder a system of free and open competition. The policy of excluding all but sea-borne coals from the consumption of the metropolis is usually defended by urging, that the coal trade forms an ex cellent nursery for seamen, and thus furnishes us amply with the means of naval warfare. Whether such indeed be the fact or not, it would at present occupy too much time to inquire ; but be the ad vantages of this policy what they may, let is en deavour to procure them on the least burthensome conditions, and no longer tamely submit to a mono poly which, as far as it has the power, would defeat the bountiful provisions of nature. Our rulers hare already charged the article of feel, so essential to our comfort, with a heavy impost ; it is a little too bad to require us silently to crouch under a second taxa tion, the amount of which, 1. bile it forms a serious item of the poor man's expenditure, goes to increase the emoluments of some of the most opulent mem bers of the community. Whitby, Der. 31, 182 S. NA UTICUS. PRICKS OF STOCCS THIS Bank itc,ck DAT AT ONT. O'CLOCK. 'South Sea Stock 3 per Cent. Red. B67i ii 1, !Old AnOttities — 3 per Cwt. Cone. plzut 'New Ditto 3!,,j per Cent. $a !iii I.Ex. 8i11e..51,000 2d. —69 pm. Ditto RM. — / Ditto 'OO Pd. tO 66 pm. 4 per Cent. ... ... .......-.... shot (Ditto Small ...... Bd. 69 68 poi. Ditto, Iftei 10 5 1, 4 3i ,Ditto Commorcirl — pm B.mk L Ann..— ...... -19% 9-16 ! Bank tor Amount — India St4isk shut ;India for Am:coot — Ditto Beads 73 74 pta. ;Cone, for Amt. 67%11, PRICES Or SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Paid. Per Ehare. Bolanom Mining Co. .VOO 290 United Mex. Min. Co. (iee. at 21. pm.) 2S )5 34 .NGE YESTERDAY. - teghnra I Genaoa 26 4219 Venico 47% Malta ... 30% Palermo per oz. 19 04 L isboa Oporto 4#l Ego .laneire Bahia 23; 11 B. , enos Ayrce Dublin, 21 days' eight l4 Cork lht BULLION, PSa or. Z. s. d. Portugal Gold, coin... 0 0 0 Foreign Gold, in bars 3 17 10a New Doubloons 3 16 0 •qew Dollars ,Silrer, bare, standard 0 0 0 Arrived. Due. ii lfanaburgh 0 O Holland 1 Jamaica O Leeward Islands 1 Lisbon 0 O Malta 0 O Mexicte 1 Waterford TRIC/I8 OT roanax TENON TNl$ DAT AT ONE 0 . 46t1WE. Austrian Bonda Brazilian Bondi Buenos Ayres Bonds —jPortkoese Bonds lian Bonds —;Prussian, Old ........„ ........ Colombian Ronda , -.: l "bitto, New ...-... ...... ...-... Ditto, 1834 IN • Russian — Danish ... . — ' Spanish. 1911 lO Greta floods Ditto, 180 ltS3.i French Rentee, sp. r. —f —e. Guatisnala --..-- Exchange ...... —f. —r Mexican Bonds Ditto, 1825 Exithange —t. —s. PRICY.S OP IRIS/1 STOI Bank Stock " 250 :ZS, DUBLIN, DEC. SI. St. Patrick Inbur. (per sh.) Consols, 3 per cent.. — Royal Irish Ditto Gov. Stock, 3% per cent 9IX National Ditto Ditto, Yrriv i per Cert ICI7, hilyzrilian arik — Gov. Deb. 34 percent .... 95%1Provin:41 Ditto ..... — Royal Canal Stock 4l- X ). Itoyal LW] Mine — erand Canal Stock 194 Imperial Mine — City Deb. 4 per rent ...... 85 Mining Co, of Ireland — Ballast Office Deb. 4p. e. Commercial Buildings — COURRE OF EXCHA Amsterdam C.F 19 1 f,tto, at ........ 11 19 Rotterdam 2 U 13 Antwerp 12 1j Hagiburgli 34.8.13111 Aiwa& l3 111 ?Iris, 3 dap' eight 25 35 2 U. 2.5 60 Bordeaux 25 65 Berlin Frankfort on Maine, Ex. /4 151 Prtersburrgh, ruble, 3U. IA 0 V.enna, etfe,tive 9. 2 M. .11) Trieste do Id 2 Madrid. 3114 adix ....„.. ................ 27 1 4 811 boa -ne RArcelona G.braltar 46 ILA Arrived. Due. O America 0 O Brazil O Buenos Ayree 2 1 Dublin 0 O Flanders a 0 trance 0 0 Cottcnburgh 0 9 OuernseyerJerFey 0 meat 'want's. AT LONDON BRIDGE TO-MORROW. Morning ...41$ minutes after 0.1 Evening ...19 minutes after I DEN MAREF.Z. it this morning's market for is was dull, and prim about ight. s. d. s. d. Spillage (bat sieve) 0 9 tol 6 °Mow ..... 0 3 6 Apples 2 6 7 0 Sweet Oranges (100) 3 0 6 0 Leman' 60 120 English Walnuts .. 1 0 2 0 Juan Chesuuts (pock) 5 0 10 0 French ditto 9 0 7 0 French Walnuts • 4 0 6 0 Spanish Haslenuts 0 10 0 Ellbens (12 b.) 6 0 9 0 LORD ANGLESEY: (From the Dublin Morning Register of Thursday.) We call the attention of this country to one of the most important documents which have ever beet/ published, in relation to the great subject which, be yond any other, involves the interests, and agitate* the passions of the Irish people. The letter of the Duke of Wellington has been followed by a cont. mentary upon the views and sentiments which are expressed in it, which is equally remarkable. The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland stands forward as thean notator upon the compositions of the Prime Minister. Lord Anglesea has also addressed a letter to Doctor Curtis. The head of the Roman Catholic Hierarchy has thus been ticketed as a medium of communication with the empire by the Chief Minister, and the representative of the reign. The Marquis of Anglesea has, by this solemn , expression of his opinions, conferred an obligation upon Ireland. The spirit of political wisdom which pervades whet may be regarded as an instruction to the Government, and an injunction to the. nation, is combined with a generosity of feeling, and a chi valrous devotion to the interests of this country, which give him a lasting title to the affections of the Irish people. Whether he shall long abide amongst us, or shall speedily depart from Ireland, let him be assured that he has won the hearts of seven millions of its inhabitants. "Phoenix Park, Deo. 93, 1828. " Most Reverend Sir—l ka.ten to acknowledge the ea. ceipt of your letter of the 52d, covering that which von re. ceived from the Duke of Wellington, of the 11 th instant, together with a copy of your answer to it. " I thank you for the confident,' you have reposed in we. " Your letter gives ape information upon a subject of the highest interest. I did not know the precise senti ments of the Duke of Wellington upon the present state of the Catholic Question. " Knowing it, I shall venters to offer my opinion upon the course that it behoves the Citholies to peruse. " Pettedly matinee(' that the final and cordial settle-: ment of this gotetion can alone give peace, harmony, and prosperity to all classes of his Majesty's subjects in this kingdom, I most aeknowledge my disappointment ors learning that there in no prospect of its beiag effected dar ing the ensuing :Session of Parliament. I, however, derive. some eonsolation from observing that his'Grace is not wholly adverse to the measure ; for if he nn be induetni to promote it, he, of all men, evil! have the greatest facility in caming it into effect. " If I am correct in this opinion, it is obvionsly moot important that the Duke of Wellington should be propi tiated ; that no obstacle that can by possibility bt avoided should be thrown in his way; that all personal and offensive ineirrlations thonl.l be suppressed ; and that ample allowance should be made for the difficulties of his situation. " Diffienit it certainly ix, for he has to o►ercome the ►ery strong prejudices, and the interacted motives of many persona ache highest influence, as well as to allay the real alarms of many of the more ignorant Prottotante. "I differ from the opinion of the Duke, that an attempt should he made to hury in obli►ion' the question for a short time. First, bemuse the thing is utterly impsesible; and next, beeznse, if the thing were possible, I fear that advantage might be taken of the pause, by representiog iit AA a panic achieved by the lets ♦iolent re-action, and by proclaiming that if the Go►ernment at oaco and peremp— torily decided against concession, the Catholics would mass to agitate, and then all the miseries of the last years of Ire land will be to he re-acted. What I do recommend is, that the measure should not be for a moment lost sight of—that anxiety should con t/one to be manifested—that all constitutional (in contra distinction to merely legal) means should be resorted Sop to forward the cause ; but that at the same time, the most patient forbearance, the most submissive obedience to the laws should be inculcated ; that no personal and offensive language should be held towards those who oppose the claims. "Personality offers no advantage, it effects no good ; on the contrary, it offends, and confirms pre-disposed aver sion. Let the Catholic trust to the justice of his cane-- to the growing liberality of mankind. Unfortunately, he has lost some friends, and fortified his en4aties, within the last six months, by unmeasered and unnecessary violence. He will soonest recover from the present stagnation of Isle fortunes by showing more temper, and by trusting to the Legislature for retirees. " Brute force, he should be assured, can effect nothing. It is the Legislature that must decide this great question; and my greatest anxiety it, that it should be met by the Parliament under the most favourable circumstances, and that the opposers of Catholic emancipation shall be ine armed by the patient forbearance, as well m by the un wearied perseverance of its advocates. " My warm anxiety to promote the general interests of this country, is the motive that has induced me to give an opinion and to offer advice. " I hare the honour, &a. &c. (Signed) "ANGLESEA." " To the Most Rev. Dr. Curtis, &c. Ice." FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. Mr. and tbe Hon. Mrs. William Gosling, In Portland-place, from flochampton ; the Dowager Marchioness of Exeter, ether house in Priv i-gardens, from her asat, Roehampton ; the Earl of rife, at the l'ulteney Hotel, Albennarle-street from the Royal Lodge, Windsor; Mr. and Mrs. Walker, in Greet Cum berland-place ; Major and Mrs. Proirtor, in North Audlev.street, from tirighton ; Mr. and Mrs. Gibbon Knight, in Sip-Jima stroet, from l'ortarlington ; Mr. arid Captain Berry, in Oros vener-placc, from Paris ; Mr. and Mrs. Curious, in Grosvenor place, from Ramsgate; Major Robert Ere, In St. James', place, from Chester ; Mr. and Mrs. Currie, in Harley-street, from Bi ightoa ; Major Green, in Park-street, from Normandy ; Major and Mrs. Hawkins, In Ilerkeley-street, name BrutioeU ; Mr. William A. Mackinnon, at Hyde Park-terraoo, (}iford. street, from his resit in liampeihire ; Mr. and Mrs. Dawson, at their house in Manthetiter-square, from their seat, St. Leonard's Hill, new* Windaor ; Mr. and Mrs. Douglas, in *ire. poly-street, firm the Continent; W. Congreve, Es 9. at Gould's Jermyn-street, from his seat in Berkshire ; Captain Ken. rick, at Fenton's Hotel, Ht. James's-street, from Ireland ; Mr. aint Mrs. 'Wilkinson, at ditto, from Ireland; Mrs. Simmons and family, at the Bath Hotel, Arlington-street, from Wilts ; Capt. anti Mrs. Watsion, at ditto, from Bath; Capt. Needham, at ditto, from Berks. CHANGES. The Hon. fleorgo Agar and Leidy Georgina Ellis, at Roeharap ton, from the Royal Lodge, Wincbor ; the Marquis of Hastings, 11 - orn the Burlington Hotel, Old Burlington and Cork-streets, for • Donington Park, Leicestershire ; Lady Chetwynd, from Craw ley's Hotel (late Cook's), Albenaarle-street, for her nest iu Easex.. Captain Harcourt. from ditto, on a tour; Col. Davies, from Lilt's Hotel , St. James's-street, on a tour ; A. Y. Atkinsoe, Leg. ili<t liegimont, frosu ditto, for Bristol; the. Missal from NVerren's Hotel, Regent-street, for Lord Daere's seat, the Hoo, Herts ; Capt. Fellow es, from tsc Royal hotel, St Jamul's street, for Bath ; Capt. Williams, from the Bath Hotel for Wales ; Capt. Sargent, front ditto, for Berks ; Mr s . and Miser Charlton, from ditto, for the North. • Viseuulit Melville and Sir George M urray had a conference yesterday afternoon with the Earl of Aber• dren, at the office of the Secretary of Slate for Foreign Affairs- Despatches were brought by a King's i\ies aenger on Thursday night, from the Riglit Hon. Stratford Canning, for the Earl of Aberdeen, and also front fir Frederick Adam, the Lord High Corneal/grimier of Aso lonian I4cs, for Sir George Murray. The Earl of Clanwilliam transacted business yesterday with the Earl of Alyerilent, at the Foreign-tflies, Downing-ctrert. A ineetir: , of the Commissioners for the Re daction of the. Natinnal Debt wee held yesterday at the Treasury. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Gover nor and Deputy-Governor of the 'Bank of England, went among those present. UPWARDS OF 53,0001. ANNUALLY CON TRIBUTED TO THE REVENUE EY ONE Clement, the Proprietor of The Morning Chronicle, who pio.Reoses the largeat Newspaper Establishment in London, paid last year, between January 1, and December 31, 1828, for Stamp and Excise Dittie€ for that Journal and his three Weekly Papers, no less than Fifty-three Thousand and Five liwndred Pimis. The number of foarpenay stamps (which is the red mark at the corner of every paper), was two millions seven hundred and thirty-fi►e timaisoil eight hundred and sixty-five.* The guiltily of paper seed was 5,471 reams; each ream weighed 401 be. ; the &oleo Duty on which was 10s. the ream. The number of Ad vertieegriel;ye inserted is Mr. Clements Papers ia the year, was 29,633, the duty upon each Advertisement being 3s. 84. Thus, the sums paid to the Reveaue by Mr. Clrateat's Newspaper concern, in the past year of 1828, were— Y,,736,865 New Stamps £4.5,1597 IA 0 Duty on 29,633 Asivertisetneuto, at Ss .8d Excise on 5,471 Beams of Paper, at 10a........... 2,735 1 0 0 £53,M 9 0 6 • Mr. Clement's consumption being more than ewe tent/1 part of the Stamps uscd by all the Newspapers printed in England, of which there are printed in London 49, and in the country 151, together of Daily and Weekly Journals TOO, consuming, according to the Parliamentary Return, about Twenty-fire Millions of Foarpenny Stamps.-