The Sun. — London, England, 1858-11-24 00:00:00

• rrHEATRE•ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.—Under the Management of Miss Louisa I'yno and Mr. W Harrison. • THIS EVENING, Tuber's ;;rand Opera, THE CROWN DIAMONDS : The characters by Miss Louisa Pync, Miss Susan Tyne, Mr. Geo. Honey, Mr. A. St. Albyn, Mr. Henry Corri, Mr. Bartleman, Mr. Tcrrott, and Mr. W. Harrison Conductor—Mr. Alfred Mellon. • To conclude with a new Ballet Divertissement, LA D'AMOU Mesdlles. L. Michela, Morlacehi, and Pasquale. ROYAL (PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Under the Managetnent of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS BVEND.ZG will be presented Shakspere's Tragedy of ALACBETII. Macbeth, Mr. C. Kean-, Lady Macbeth, Mrs. C. Kean. Preceded by the Farce of THIRTY-THREE NEXT BIRTHDAY. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, LONDON ASSURANCE : Mr. and Mrs. C. Mathews, and Mr. Buckstone. After which, THE DAUGHTER OF THE GUADAL QUIVEB. Perea Nena. MY MOTHER'S MAID. And ANY PORT IN A STORM. Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough. THIS EVENING, THE LITTLE SAVAGE. After which THE MAID AND THE MAGPIE. WOOING IN JEST AND LOVING IN ,EARNEST Miss Swanboroagh. And THE BONNIE FISH WIFE. Commence at 7 o'clock. • A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE, Westminster-road. Sole Lessee, Mr. William Cooke. Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips. Engagement John Townsend, Esq., M.P. for Greenwich, for Six Nights only. THIS EVENING, and during the week, will be presented Shakspere's Tragedy of KING RICHARD THE THIRD ; or, The Death of White Surrey, reproduced with all its origi nal splendid effects. The Duke of Gloster, Mr. John Towns end, M.P. Followed by the inimitable SCENES IN THE ARENA, in which Mr. AV. Cooke, Mr. Runnels, Miss Kate Cooke, and Madlle. Blanche will appear. To conclude with the popular farce of SHOOTING THE MOON. No fees to box-keepers. The art of riding taught. Carriages at eleven. CANTERBURY HALL, Westminster-road.— Proprietor—C. MORTON. The public is most rospecttully informed that the FINE ARTS GALLERY, in connection with the above Hall, IS NOW OPEN DAY AND NIGHT, from 11 o'clock a.m. until 12 o'clock p.m. The New Gallery contains an extensive Collec tion of Pictures, by Ancient and Modern Masters and is also devoted to Art productions generally. The Proprietor feels he may confidently assert that, viewed altogether, the exist ing Music Hall, the New Fine Arts Gallery, and the recently added Ante-Hall, will present an attraction which, whether as regards the architectural beauty of the structures them selves, or the varied and hitherto unattempted combinations within, will be found to be wholly without parallel in the Kingdom. The MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT commences as usual at Seven o'clock. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, Nov. 24. THERMOMETER, TN THE SHADE. 36—highest since noon yesterday. 31—lowest this morning and during the night. 34—this day at noon. BARomETEn-29.84 — falling WIND, South-Easterly ; rather fresh, with dull hazy frosty weather. The North country shipowners have brought forward their alleged grievances very strongly and very distinctly. They have established a respect able organisation and an energetic agitation, and are, at all events, resolved that their complaints shall be heard and fully investigated. They posi tively assert that the British mercantile marine is in a very depressed condition, and that remedial measures must be speedily adopted, if we desire to preserve that very important interest, on which the welfare, prosperity, and security of Great Britain so greatly depends. They speak strongly, and doubtless feel deeply, on these points, and are pro bably impressed with the notion that they are deeply-injured individuals, and that it is the im perative duty of the Legislature and people of Great Britain to willingly tax themselves for the especial benefit of one particular class—viz., the North country shipowners. This reactionary policy cannot, however, be sanctioned either in or out of Parliament. We have happily got rid of Protection in all save one point, and our struggle must be to get rid of it in that respect, rather than to reintroduce it in any other matter. The shipowners object that there is no recipro city, that other nations have not fairly responded to the generous treatment that they received at our hands when we repealed the Navigation Laws,which had become an established institution of the United Kingdom. It is, we fear, too true that they have not acted in as straightforward a manner as could have been desired or anticipated. The Yankee pre text of designating the voyage from New York to San Francisco a mere:coasting voyage is too gross a humbug to deceive even the most credulous. But the other inhabitants of the United States have to pay for the privilege thus granted to one parti ular body. They are deprived of the free and un restricted competition which would in the long run prove very benefical to all classes, arid, as has been remarked by a morning contemporary, they have even greater reason to complain than British shipowners. The consumers are charged higher prices, and are thus virtually paying an additional tax, with the sole exception that the proceeds are pocketed by American shipowners in place of finding its way into the Treasury, to pro vide for the liquidation of the national liabilities, and the maintenance of the national establish ments. The shipowners desire that our Government and Parliament should commit a similar error, but in that they will reckon without their host. They must, therefore, be contented either to meet the competition with which they are threatened, or to abandon an unprofitable business, and invest their capital in some other more promising speculation. The resuscitation of " protection" in any shape or form cannot for a moment be tolerated. We should have fancied that an independent manly, and fearless body, like the British ship owners, would have been ashamed to receive it even if tendered for their acceptance. It is simply ridiculous to suppose that the Government can directly interfere, that they can recklessly fling away the popularity and respect which they have so fairly and honourably acquired. The slightest movement in the wrong direction on their part would furnish a plausible excuse for another onslaught more virulent and more factious than any that occurred during the past session. If any appeal is to be made, it should be •to Parliament, where a fair hearing would be granted—if a reasonable case could be made out. We Would, however, earnestly advise the North -country shipowners to set their own shoulders to the wheel, in place of calling either on the Government or Parliament for assist ance. If they cannot compete with foreigners on their own coast, if their home trade, as it may be termed, is interfered with by intruders, how could they possibly hope to carry On a profitable business on the American coast, when the advan tages would be as much on the other side as here they are for our own countrymen P In place of sending forth whining appeals for assistance, let them boldly meet their rivals, and resolve that they shall not be defeated on their own ground. In fact, although the objection ostensibly:relates to the want of reciprocity in the coasting trade, the facts on which they are founded are ell gathered from the foreign. The former is but a colourable pretext, such as those which gentlemen rejoicing in a grievance are delighted to discover. It is true that we are not interfered with in our , ~ I, , ._ ~Tolui• 11,, .). ... I V .• ". •-• ...r.? ' saiw s , ~,,,,; z ... , " A lib m , \I ~ t1 , 50,-, , '•' - ' ,! -Z : e" : " ' :ItAll i kiti, F .,,,..4;k6707 4- 77 . ,',4ce1 T A, 477-i—te , i. .x.- - ~,,...,..• %,„ t - .. -;-, THE SUN. WEDNESDAY. NOVEMBER 24, 1858. coasting trade, nor could we materially in terfere with the Americans ir.i theirs ; but as they have not given that which would be of little practical utility to us, we may deprive them of what they justly value ! Such is the reasoning of the shipowners, but we 'ear that it will not stand the tests of experience and common sense. There is now a necessary reaction in the shipping interest. During the Russian war the freights were so extravagant that the first cost of a vessel was nearly defrayed by its first freight. Several prosperous years followed, until the monetary crisis of last November led to a commercial collapse, under which, of course, the shipping interest suffered in common with all other industrial pursuits in the United Kingdom. If the northern sbipowners were wise they would petition, not for o. return to protection, but for the abolition of the last remaining shred thereof, and for free trade in currency as well as in every thing else. Then the trade and commerce of the country would be stimulated to the highest degree, and the shipowners would participate in the generra amelioration' and prosperity in common with all their fellow-countrymen. What is it that gives such a fierce and deadly character to gamekeepers' and poachers' battles ? Frequently en ough we have to record savage and brutal struggles with the police, but nearly always drink has muck to do with them, or the culprit is some notorious ruffian. In murderous conflicts between the poachers for game and its defenders all are sober ; yet, generally, all act as if they had been inspired by brandy. Whence this vengeful feeling—this recklessness of bloodshedding ? It was but yesterday we had to record another of these fatal affrays, which return with every season. In this case we have three persons, two keepers, and one poacher at least, wounded dangerously and another gamekeeper left dead on the field. There was, unhappily, nothing very unusual in the affair, as far as yet known. Three keepers—. JACQUES, GEDDES, and ROBINSON—start on their rounds, about ten o'clock. In about an hour they hear the screams of two hares. A short time brings them face to face with the poachers ; they are threatened by the dogs of the latter, and two of the dogs are shot. In revenge, and in accordance with a threat if they did shoot the dogs, GEDDES is shot in the groin. The remaining two keepers rush, foolishly and madly, at the poachers, who are said to have been about sixteen in number; JACQUES falls dead, his head fearfully fractured with a bludgeon, and ROBINSON lies in a precarious state. Such is the account of GEDDES. It is evident, however, though he does not mention it, that one of the keepers, at some time, fired at the poachers, since he was arrested at Hull with fifty shot wounds in this thighs. In the affair, as at present narrated, it is plain that the keepers were either foolhardy beyond all reason, or, what is more likely, that they lost all command of their reason in their rage against the poachers.. Three to sixteen was not a display of courage required by any laws of honour. The poachers were not Sepoys but Englishmen, and might be expected to resist cap ture, and to resent the killing of their dogs, besides the possibility of the latter leading to detection. The gamekeepers, to be sure, were armed with double-barrelled guns and pistols too, but this itself looked as if they too were intent as much on slaughter as on capture. It surely is time that this horrid work of preserv ing game by keepers armed like an Albanian sol dier were put an end to. The whole system is disgraceful to the civilisation of our day. If partridges, hares, and pheasants can only be kept at thin cost, the sooner they vanish from the soil the better. We do not need to defend legitimate property by such means as these. Now and then, in times of riot and excitement, happily now so rare in this country, the civilian may have to equip himself like a soldier, but this is an exceptional state of things. It resembles more the conflict of preventive service men and smugglers in the most vindictive days of the Excise. We have a revival of the old Riband spirit in Ireland, and hear again of vindictive assassinations for offences against the peasant agrarian code ; we shrink with horror from such accounts ; we anathematise the popery, ignorance, and barbarism of Ireland, but we may well look at home and blush for tho mur ders perpetrated under our Game Law code, and because, as we can hardly doubt, of the peculiar character of that code. We fear it cannot be doubted that between the magistrate and landlord class generally, and the peasant class, or at least the poachers who spring from it, there is a most undesirable feeling. It is known that the magistrate will deal more harshly and even cruelly with the poacher than with any other class of offenders brought before him. The peasantry, on the contrary, think that the poacher is an unlucky, but not a guilty man ; the game keeper has caught him, but only in an artificial offence against the gentry, not in a crime against society, morality, or religion. The poacher has but tried to get a good supper off the wild crea tures of the field ; he has wronged no man, taken nothing from the farmer's yard or his neighbour's house, nothing which even the man who prosecutes, or punishes him, could identify as his own. It is useless to rake up farfetched arguments to prove that game must be the property of the landlords collectively, not of the landless workmen. Collec tive ownership is but an abstract fancy, which vanishes at the sight of the tempting prey running across the road, or easily picked up by the help of an old cunning lurcher on a moonlight night. The fact. is undeniable, that long time as the peasantry of England have had to learn that game is property, and stringently and savagely as laws have endeavoured to enforce that lesson on their understandings, they have not yet learned it, nor do they appear likely to learn it. Hence, as we conceive, the bitterness between the landlord and the poacher. Were the man brought up for stealing a pig or even a chicken, the magistrate knows that every rustic would join in his condemnation. The rustic knows, sometimes practically, that pigs and fowls are property, that they can be identified, and that each man can claim his own, and ought to have it. But the magistrate knows that while every honest man in the village would need nothing but his conscience to keep his hands off his neighbour's property, there is not one of them who, if quite sure of being seen by no one, but would think a hare or a pheasant lawful prey. It is all a struggle, therefore, on the part of the magistrate with the perverse rustics. They have their notions of injustice, and he his of magisterial power, and he will let them see who is master. Just in proportion as the magistrate feels that he can appeal to no innate sense of justice, but must rely on the terrors with which he is armed by law, is he disposed to use his legal powers with harsh- ness. A poacher must be convicted. If the evi dence would not hang a dog, it will sentence a sir - pected poacher. The benefits of doubt are always given to game and not to him. And the judge who administers on these well known justice-of-the peace principles is one of the game-preserving class. As a natural result of all this, there is no such fertile bed of crime in the agticultural dis tricts as game and the Game Laws. It would pro bably be a moderate estimate that one-half or two thirds of our agricultural criminals were led into evil courses by the Game Laws. It was never felt to be a crime, but rather an honour, to break them ; yet to succeed in what was no crime, although so great a temptation, a youth must learn all the secrecy, plotting, and cunning, and perhaps more than all, which would be necessary to success in a real crime. To abolish the Game Laws would be to anticipate the work of reformatory institutions. In the country a large part of the lads in those schools will be either poachers themselves, or the disciples of poachers. Surely the Game Laws are a subject which ought to occupy the attention of our social reformers, and we hope that at their next great meeting their working will be fully brought under public notice. It would be useful next session to obtain a return of tine number of magisterial convictions, of the fines or punishments imposed, and of the cost to the parish of supporting the wife and family while the husband lay in gaol. Also of the assize trials, with their results, for personal violence, fatal or not so, arising from the Game Laws. Something must be done. It is very desirable that the winged ge.me at least should be preserved for the amuse ment of the gentry ; but it can no longer be tole rated that armed gamekeepers, taking the law into their own hands, should murder and be murdered, and that pheasants and hares should take prece dence of the morals of the country. We have, however, before indicated how game might be pre served abundantly on quite a different system. LOSS OF A FLEET OF MERCHANTMEN IN THE CHINA MEN: Some excitement was created yesterday morning at Lloyds', by the posting of a telegram, dated " Corfu. Nov. 22," announcing that a whole fleet of ships had been cast ashore at Swatow. Fifteen vessels, of which eleven were English, were wrecked, and eight others were driven ashore— from which it was inferred that a fearful tornado had swept the coast. The telegram is to the fol 'Owing effect : " Hong Kong, Oct. 13.—Despatched from Corfu to Captain Halsted, Secretary of Lloyds', on the 22d inst. : " LOST AT SWATOW. The British brig Anonyme. Danish brig Ayanita Adriana. British ship Glendower. British schooner Gazelle. British barque Hong Kong. British ship Shapscott. British ship Kinaldie. British barque Louisa Baillie. Oldenburg brig Laura. British barque Louisa. British barque Moultan. British brig Pantalon. Danish barque Thusnelde. I I " LOST ON PRATAS SHOAL. British ship North Star, Attridge. " ON SHORE AT SWATOW. British ship Alfred the Great. British barque Beverley. British ship Dennis Hill. Sardinian brig Giovanni. British barque Harvest Home. Bremen barque Ohio. British barque William Frederick. " LOST IN THE PACIFIC. Belgian ship Constant." On inquiry at the Underwriters'-room ' we learned that only four of th e s hip s were insured at Lloyds'. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the official residence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer in Downing -street. The Ministers present were—The Earl of Derby, the Right Hon. B. Disraeli, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Salisbury, the Earl of Hardwicke, Mr. Wal pole, the Earl of Malmesbury, Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, Gen. Peel, Lord Stanley, Sir John Pakington, the Right Hon. J. W. Henley, and Lord John Manners. His Excellency the Greek Minister had an inter view with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. Dr. Acland had an interview with the Earl of Derby, yesterday, at his official residence in Downing street. The celebrated ship Charles-et-Georges, with its commander, Captain Rouxel, has arrived at Bordeaux from Lisbon. The bar silver brought by the West India steamer has been disposed of at fild. per oz., being a decline of id. from the p r i ce rea li se d for' that by the previous packet. A general meeting of the London and West of Ireland Fishing and Fish Manure Company (limited), Sir John Burgoyne in the chair, was held yesterday, in compli ance with the statute, a twelvemonth having expired since the company came under voluntary liquidation. The report of the liquidator, Mr. W. C. Wryghte, stated that all the property had been realised, and all the admitted debts discharged, but that the winding-up could not' be finally completed in consequence of two actions in Ire land, which, although abandoned, had not been formally discharged by the Court. It was also mentioned that there were some defaulters in payment of calls. An immediate return of ss. per share was, however, proposed, and reso lutions were unanimously passed, approving the report and accounts, and authorising the liquidator to proceed forth with for the recovery of the calls overdue. PRICE OF GOLD.—The quotation of gold at Paris is about 1 per mile discount, the short exchange on London is 25-071 per £l. On comparing these rates with the Eng lish Mint price of £3 17s. 101 d per ounce for standard gold, it appears that gold is 3-10tlis per cent. dearer in Paris than in London. By advices from Hamburg the price of gold is 4241 per mark, and the short exchange on London is 13-4 i per £1 sterling. Standard gold at the English Mint price is therefore about 2-10ths per cent. dearer in London than in Hamburg. The course of exchange at New York on London for bills at 60 days' sight is about 1091 per cent., which when compared with the Mint par between the two countries, shows that the exchange is slightly in favour of England ; and, after making allowance for charges of trans port and difference of interest, the present rate leaves a trifling profit on the importation of gold from the United States. CAUTION TO BANKERS.—A case of the deepest importance to the commercial community is likely to arise out of a late case of alleged embezzlement. It appears that of the sums not accounted for by the defaulter, was one for £BO, paid by Messrs. Crosfield by cheque on the Warring ton branch of the Manchester and Liverpool District Bank. This cheque was drawn in favour of Messrs. Blundell, and duly paid to their representative, Mr. Forrest, on being pre sented, signed, "pro J. Blundell and Son, Jno. Forrest." This had been done in numerous instances before, and was quite common with other banks, under similar circum stances. Messrs. Blundell, however, are trying to recover the amount from the bank, on the plea that their agent had no power to sign cheques, and, pending the trial, we believe the local banks will not honour cheques of a similar kind, without the written authority of the principals.— Warring ton Guardian. DEATH OF SIR JOSEPH BAILEY, BART., M.P.— Our obituary on Monday recorded the death of Sir Joseph Bailey, Bart., M.P. for Brecknockshire, which event took place at his residence, Glanusk-park. The deceased baro net descended from a family long settled in Yorkshire, and was born at Great Wenham, in Suffolk, in 1783. Hs mar ried, in 1810, the daughter of Joseph. Latham,-.Esq., of. Llangattock, in the county of Brecon, and secondly, in 1836, the daughter of John Hopper, Esq., of Wilton Castle, Durham. Sir Joseph, who was one of the largest iron masters in England, was M.P. for Worcester from 1845 to to 1847 ; and since the general election of 1847 has sat for Brecknockshire. By his death a seat in Parliament for that county becomes vacant. The deceased baronet is suc= ceeded in his title and estates by hiS grandson, Joseph R. Bailey, who was born at Leamington in 1843, a son of the late J. Bailey, Esq., of Easton Court, Herefordshire, and M.P. for that county. NEW GRAVING DocKs.—The new graving docks in connexion with the Victoria Docks, the construction of which was commenced about two years back, have been completed, and are stated to have proved perfectly success ful. They are on a new principle patented by Mr. Edwin Clark. By a hydraulic lift and a contrivance for subse quently floating each vessel into shallow water, where all the necessary examinations and repairs can be conducted from workships alongside, the excessive cost of the excava tions necessary under the old system is entirely avoided. The first experiment was tried yesterday, when an iron vessel of 600 tons was raised to its required position in 35 minutes. The outlay on the works has been £116,000, fur nished by a few engineers and capitalists associated for the purpose as a company under the Limited Liability Act. The advantages, simplicity, and inexpensiveness of the plan having been demonstrated, it may be expected to be exten sively carried out not only at home, but at the principal ports of Australia, California, &c., where the absence of such facilities is a cause of constant difficulty. FATAL ACCIDENTS ON THE EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY.—An inquest was held yesterday at Great Shel fcrd, before Mr. Barlow, coroner for the county of Cam bridge, on the body of Mr. William Palmer Barber, late station-master at Great Shelford, who was killed by a pass ing train while stepping off the platform in the performance of his duty. Mr. Sproule, district superintendent, attended to watch the proceedings on behalf of the Eastern Counties Company. The jury returned a verdict of "Accidental death." The deceased has left a widow and one child totally unprovided for.—A driver, named Hoare. was also killed in the vicinity of March, about three o'clock on Mon day morning. He was working a special up coal train to Cambridge. Peterborough is a water .station ; and the deceased, when about three miles on the Peterborough side of March, mounted the well of his tender to see whether or not he wanted water. His fireman, missing him, went to look after him, stopped the engine at March, and, a search being instituted, the mangled body was found about three miles from March. It was evident the deceased had slipped off. An inquest was held yesterday, and a verdict of " Accidental death" returned.. The deceased has left 'a wife and family. _ MANCHESTER, Tuesday.--A feeling of greater confidence prevails in the market to-day. Prices of yarns and cloth are higher than on Tuesday last, especially where immediate delivery can be made. There has been a mode rate amount of business transacted, THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 25, 1858. LATEST NEWS, MALTA, TUES:DAY. By the overland mail we have advices from Cal cutta to Oct. 24. At Calcutta the produce and import markets showed increased movement. Grey goods were one anna a piece higher. Money was easy. Freights lower. Exchange, 2s. Old. to 2s. ld. Exchange at Madras, 2s. Old. to 2s. old.. At Singapore trade was brisk. Exchange 4s. sd. to 4s. 61d. Advices from Hong Kong are to the 12th Oct. At Canton little was doing ; exchange, 4s. 6d. to 4s. id. At Shanghai, Oct. 2, more was doing in silk at lower prices. Settlements 4,500 bales. Exchange 6s. 2d. to 6s. 3d. At Foochow, Sept. 29, there were large settle ments of tea, with more demand. The North Star, rice laden, has been wrecked on the Prata Shoals. Aden,llth of November,lBsB.—" The Dundonald has been burnt at sea." The following telegram was received at Mr, Reuter's office, November 24 : MADRID, Nov. 23. Signor Ros Olano has been appointed Governor of Cuba. General Concha will remain in Havannah until the difficulties with Mexico are arranged. The squadron destined to act against the Riff Pirates left Cadiz yesterday. The Three per Cenrs. closed at 42.85 ; ditto Deferred, 31. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, TUESDAY. The elections at Berlin are finished. The following arc the names of the nine deputies elected : Kuhne (Privy Councillor.) Reimer (Common Councilman.) Rev. Jonas. Reidel. Veit (publisher.) Minister Von Patow. Henry d'Arnim (formerly Minister for Foreign Affairs.) Wentzel (President of Ratisbon.) Matthis (Privy Councillor.) The Prussian Gazette contains the following cir cular addresssed to the President of Provinces and Regencies by the Minister of the Interior : " The organs of the Government, during the en suing elections, will have to avoid and entirely ab stain from favouring extreme or exclusive political tendencies. I beg you, in consequence, to give on this head precise and serious instructions to the sub-prefects and electoral commissioners, and im mediately to acquaint me with what shall have been done in this respect, '• The Minister of the Interior, " FLOTTWELL." FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY, A Paris letter, in the Independance of Brussels, says :—" The French Government has received de spatches from Djeddah of the 3d, which are far from being satisfactory. The Porte has commenced by sending a commissioner without sufficient powers to carry out the payment of the indemnity claimed by France. On the complaints of M. Thouvenel, the Porte promised to send a person provided with all the necessary powers ; but he bad not arrived. M. Sabatier, who has been at his post since Oct. 12, was impatiently awaiting the arrival of the Duchayla. There are already in the port of Aden five English steamers, one of which is a 50-gun frigate. The leaders of the late insurrection walk about in full security at Djeddah, and the agitation is increasing there." BOURSE, Nov, 23.—Itente was offered at the commencement of businees, and prices receded ; there was afterwards a brisk rally. Threes, after having been done at 74f. 25c., improved to 74f. 50c. ; Mobilier varied from I,ooof. to 1,020 f. ; Austrian, 645 f. to 647 f. 50c.; Orleans, 1,397 f. 50c. to 1,405 f.; Lyons, 875 f. to 880 f.; Northern, 977 f. 50c. to 1,002 f. 50c. ; and Southern, 585 f. to 587 f. 50c. The following are the last quotations : It per Cents. 97 Do. end montk 97 25 3 per Cents. 74 50 Do. end month 74 55 Bank Shares 3150 Credit Mobilier lO3O Do. Account Credit Foncier 675 Belgian 41 . 99 75 Piedmontese (5) 95 Roman 95 50 Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt 42 RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern New ditto B4O 842 50 Lyons and Mediterranean 877 50 .. 885 New ditto — Geneva — .. 635 Midi . Southern Western 615 .. 612 50 Eastern Grand Central — Sardiniaß Austrian Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 121 c. ; three months, paper, 24f. 971 e. ; money, 24f. 95c. THE EAST. A letter from Canea of the 2d says :—" Accounts avelbeen received from Rethymo stating that Ismail Effendi, the Cadi of that place, has been called on by the Governor-General of Candia to reply to a charge brought against him by the Council of Christians for interfering in an unwarrantable and illegal manner in their affairs and for refusing to receive the evidence of Christians. The council deputed three of its members to wait on the Cadi and explain to him that his con duct was contrary to the orders of the Sultan, and might lead to serious consequences. The Mus sulman judge, in reply to their observations, said— ' The Sultan cannot order the violation of the law, and the law forbids the evidence of infidels to be received against Mussulmans. The deposition of the faithful against Christians is admitted, because the Mussulmans believe Jesus Christ to be a prophet, and when the Christians shall also be lieve Mahomet to be a prophet, they will enjoy the same rights as the MussiiTmans.' After a short pause, he added in a grave and emphatic voice, Never can a true Mussulman say the contrary of those words.' This reply of the Cadi was faithfully entered in the register of the proceedings. The deputation of the Council of the Christians, after receiving this reply, presented themselves before Harroula Pacha, who said that he could not interfere in the matter, on which the delegates left him, saying that they would not be answerable for what might take place, if the pro mises which had been made were not better kept. On the report of this affair being sent to the Chris tian Council at Canes, they called on the Moula or superior judge to reprimand the conduct of the Cadi, but his reply was that he could not interfere, as the latter had acted according to law. The fir man of the Sultan for the institution of Municipal Councils, some time back promised to his faithful subjects of the Isle of Candia, has not yet arrived." RUSSIA. A letter from St. Petersburg of the 14th says : " For the last few days a rumour has been cur rent that the Emperor will positively in the spring pay a visit to the Court of France ; but before daing so, he will return that which the Prince Regent of Prussia made him at Warsaw. The house of Rothschild has formed in the Russian capital a branch-establishment, which will be re presented by M. Gunsberg. Some sensation has been created among the Russian financiers by this measure. The Government has just authorised a company to organise i service of steamers in the White Sea, and has accorded a subvention of 150,000 roubles. The rest of the capital is to b e raised in shares of 100 roubles each." DENMARK. A letter from Copenhagen of the 19th says : " M. Hall, President of the Council, has of late had frequent interviVvvs with the representatives of Austria and Prussia, M. de Jaeger and Count Osiolla. The Danish Envoy at Stockholm, Count de Sche:l-Plessen, in whom many believe they see the, future Minister of the Duchies, has left that capital to confer with the Ministry. It is said that Prince Oscar of Swden, accompanied by the Prime Minister, Baron de Manderstroem, has ar r'i.ved here incognito, which report, although it is very prevalent, I cannot affirm to be true. Why these mysterious visits, you may ask, and these interviews ? There is no other pretext than our differences with Germany. In fact, since the or dinances which abrogated the constitutional laws which had been accorded to the duchies without consulting them, and which had drawn on us this silly quarrel, "public opinion and the press have reco vered from their stupefaction, and begun to dis cuss seriously the opportuneness of these measures, -and almost to be pleased with them. Such is the general impression : men are delighted to be relieved from the nightmare of a question which could not be terminated by any court of law, and are becoming familiarised with the idea of living without the duchies, or rather with them, in a confederation intimate enough to take away nothing from the defensive force of the Danish monarchy. That conviction appears to be entertained by the Chambers, and even by the Par liamentary Opposition. Now that the debate is finished between Denmark and Germany, it is abont to recommence with the duchies. It is to be hoped that the Diet of Holstein, considering the difficulties of its position, will lend its assist ancr to an arrangement which, in guaranteeing its rights, neither weakens the authority of the crown nor the power of the monarchy. As to the Duchy of Lauenburg, which is placed in quite a different situation, the abrogation of the Unitary Constitu tien replaces everything on the old footing, and the Danish-German conflict has nothing to do with that Duchy. The affair of the domains, which led to the application by the States to the Germanic Diet, appears settled in conformity with the wishes of the Duchy. The estate of Hollenbeck, which, ac cording to the decision of the Supreme Council was to be sold, is to be farmed out by public adju dication." SWITZERLAND. The Suisse of Berne has the following on the sub ject of the remonstrances which were some time since addressed by the Swiss Government to that of Ba den : " A despatch from the charge d'affaires of the Grand Duch : ) , of Baden announces to the Federal Council that his Government has come to the reso lution not to tolerate on its territory the numerous recruiting offices which have been there opened for procuring men for the service of Naples and the Dutch colonies in India. By this decision, the Go vernment of Baden acquiesces in the wishes several times expressed by the Federal Council, and puts an end to the discussion which had been going on on the subject." AMERICA. GALWAY, TUESDAY, The Pacific (s.s.) arrived at 10 a.m. She left St. John's on the 14th. She encountered strong gales from the east; together with a head sea, almost the entire way. The Pacific has brought 178 passengers, inclu ding Lola Montes,..and some valuable cargo. The Galway steamer Circassian arrived at New York at midnight on the 13th. A New York telegram, received at St. John's, Newfoundland, and dated the 13th, states that the overland mail brought Californian advices to Oct. 15. The news was unimportant. Business was dull. Advices from Frazer River to Oct. 4 stated that the river had fallen, and some gold had been taken out, but not in sufficiently remunerative quantities, and that many miners had returned to California. The ketch Brother had been brought into Charles ton from the coast of Africa as a slaver. There was a killing frost. Walker and Henningsen were re conciled. The Star of the West arrived at New York on the 13th, bringing. Californian mails to Oct. 20th, and 1,670,000 dollars in specie The news was un important. The Indian war in Oregon had ended. The ship John E. Thayes had been burned in the Gulf of California, and the General Kushion had been burned in the harbour of San Francisco. In New Mexico, Nivago and the Indians had been again defeated. The Mohawk Indians had again attacked the emigrants, killing nine and wounding 16. At Greeasburg, Kentucky, the mob had broken into a gaol, and hanged two murderers. At Wash ington it was stated that the Secretary of the Treasury will recommend a tax on tea and coffee. Samuel Meding, of Ohio, had been tendered the governorship of Kansas. Collector Schell, of New York, was to be removed. The ship Petrel, from Quebec for Ardrossan, is reported as water-legged. The ship Parker, of Demerara, for Liverpool, had put into Bermuda, Oct. the 31st, very leaky and in want of spars. COMMERCIAL. NEW YORK, Nov. 13. Coffee, -} toy lower on the week. Savannah and Mobile markets unchanged. New Orleans sales, 6,000, at 14 a t to I for. middling. Sugar advanced to 10 cents yesterday ; to-day dull and unchanged. Wheat quiet but firm. Corn dull and heavy. Beef, 25 to 50 cents lower. Pork firm. Freights : Cot ton, to Liverpool, I. Coffee closed quiet. Sales trifling to-day. Sales since Tuesday, 45,000 bales. Middling upland, .. RAISING OF THE BRIG LIGHTNING BY ONE OF THE FLOATING DER RICKS. This vessel, which was sunk in the Thames, off Erith, about four months since, through collision with the screw-steamer William France, was yesterday finally raised by the small floating der rick, belonging to the Patent Derrick Company, and placeFl close in shore for examination and repairs. The brig's registered tonnage is 176, and, when sunk, she had nearly 300 tons of granite in her hold, while this small derrick , has only . a •hoist ing power of 100 tons—it having been constructed chiefly for lifting and transporting steam engines, boilers, &c., about the Thames below bridge. The ' dead weight against the derrick was therefore con siderable ; but no ways daunted by the odds Capt. Coppin and Mr. Barter (one of the directors of the company), by whom the final operations were planned and conducted, devised a means of making up for the derrick's deficiency of power by impart ing additional buoyancy to the brig. This was effected by forming a platform and bulkheads, fore and aft, within the wreck, thereby obtaining con sierable additional displacement, with the combined aid of a pair of powerful pumps, invented by Capt. Coppin for wrecking purposes, and capable of eject ing four tons of water per minute. Operations were commenced at half flood, setting these pumps to work, and coupling the lifting chains, " bent on" to the brig, to others rove through the purchase blocks of the derrick's lifting boom. The hoisting gear of the derrick, which is worked by steam, was then put in motion, when, gradually, the unfairly taxed powers of the little derrick, aided by the rise of the tide, succeeded in " weighing the •brig," and placing her close in shore within four hours of starting. The result must be most satisfactory both to the Thanes Conservancy and to the masters of sailing craft passing up an d down the river, as the wreck lay just off the point of Erith Reach, and was greatly in the way of tacking vessels. Had not the derrick succeeded in raising the Lightning, the removal of this serious obstruc tion to the river's navigation could only have been effected by breaking the vessel up. That these floating derricks will greatly aid the Thames Con servanoy in keeping the river free from similar con stantly recurring obstructions is evident; in fact the frequent collisions near the mouth of the Thames promise continual employment for the in vention. At the present time there are several wrecks near Gravesend which expose vessels to the delay and loss that would be consequent upon the fouling of anchors. • PRUSSIAN LIBERTY; • It was not to be expected that the tide of Liberal tendencies which seems to be setting in at Berlin should flow smoothly and steadily a t once, Many eddies will be formed by the still strong ULT.= current which runs towards despotism, and at some points it will be doubtful whether there is really any advance of the stream. The last news is that the Prussian GOvernment has somewhat yielded to the loud outcry which has risen from the partisans of the late system. The Minister of the Interior has issued a circular, which though its terms are obscure enough can only be regarded as a check to the more advanced Constitutionalists. They arc informed that certain meetings have given rise to " expression of wishes and hopes the fulfil ment of which it is the duty of the present Government distinctly to refuse." The provin cial Governments are counselled to resist " such erroneous opinions, and all expectations which go beyond the just limit of a fair appreciation of the relations and requirements of the time." " The Go vernment," it is added, "is aware that its business is not to renounce all those traditions which are the greatness and strength of Prussia." These vague and somewhat verbose sentences convey, however, a sufficient meaning to Prussian ears. It is understood that the Government regrets and almost fears to see how much is expected of it. Prussia and Europe have taken too seriously the Regent's accession, his reference to the Constitution in his first proclamation, his dismissal of the old Ministry, and his summoning of the Legislative Chambers. The Regent is somewhat alarmed at his own popularity. He has become a patriot ruler rather too rapidly for his own self-possession. He has called up the fair form of Liberty, and she has so suddenly answered the invocation that the Royal magician starts back amazed. The goddess appears to his bewildered eyes in the guise which has alienated so many of her worship pers. The Regent fancies, and those around him second the delusion, that she wears a blood red mantle, that her head is surmounted with a Phrygian cap, that she stands sword in hand on a barricade, and points to a guillotine. The fact is, that the recent events in Prussia have frightened &large class of very worthy people. We need hardly speak of the reigning Houses. Whatever may be their professions, it may be taken for granted that nearly every " Highness" in Ger many, Royal or Serene, is against the change which is to bring Radicals, and writers of books, and in fidels and Communists, and Vulgar traders on to the floor of a Legislative Chamber, there to utter their revolutionary or levelling opinions, and to hamper the authority of a God-ordained German Sovereign. Then there is the Queen with the whole of the party which has for so many years ruled Prussia ; there are the army, the landowners, a large number of the functionaries, and even a part of the philosophical and professorial world. These form the regular Tory party, and their resistance to the establishment of a liberal Chamber as a con trolling power in the State might be looked for from the first But we cannot help thinking that the Regent and his advisers are swayed by the im pulses of a more numerous class. The terrors which 1848 has implanted in continental minds are some thing which we in this country cannot conceive. There are in medical books histories of children or women who have been frightened by some object, and, though subsequently living to an old age, have never seen a similar object or heard it spoken of without exhibiting the deepest agitation. The spectre of 1848 is thus ever .present to the large class who would rather bear the ills they have than fly to others which they fancy they know too well. A large majority of the people are, without doubt, on the side of the Regent and a more liberal and national sy s t em . Th retrograde party cannot hope for any return to power. Every one' is tired of the weakness, the cant, and the affectation of the late King's advisers, and their hobby of paternal government. The wish is general that the Regent should call steady, sensible, men around him ; that he should take a high posi tion on international questions, and make Prussia the leading Power of Germany. But the more timid, and they are a large party, would rather that this should be done by the Royal authority than by any machinery of popular discussion and control. The old comparisons common to Conser vatives everywhere, about "getting in' the thin end of the wedge" andlopening the "floodgates of democracy," are more than ever in the mouths of the trembling politicians of Prussia. When it is remembered, however, what anticipations were formed of our Reform. Bill it is easy to imagine that the memory of a shaken throne, a humiliated Sovereign, and a mob-ruled capital has a deep in fluence on a society which has never really made an essay in free government. nut these fears are groundless we fully believe. Nothing can be more different from the situation ten years since than the situation now. The first point of distinction, we may say with somewhat of pride, is that in 1848 the model of Prussia was Prance, and now it is England. Since the wild outbreak of Parisian violence a whole genera tion of politicians has passed away. The De mocrats who followed in Berlin and Vienna the example of Paris were the [product of thirty years of uneasy tranquillity and smothered hopes. The first French Revolution had been crushed, it was alleged, by Monarchs who afterwards cheated their subjects of the liberty they had promised. The good work was unfinished, and was to be pro ceeded with on the first opportunity. Great writers in France preached the coming renewal of the struggle, while a school of Communisti c philoso phers imbued vast masses of the population with the theories afterwards set in action at the Luxem bourg. In short, 1848 was the result of a whole age of mawkish philanthropy and spurious science, veiling the ambitions and discontents of a band of unscrupulous aspirants. Now the cloud bas dis charged its gathered electricity, the sky is clear, and the air purged of its deadly vapours. The temperate liberty of this country is receiving the recognition of the world, and it is this which the Constitutional party wish to reproduce in their own land. Perhaps it would be giving too much importance to M. Flottwell's circular if we were to take it as an official denial of the imputation of popular ten dencies. But, if such be the Regent's intention, the act is certainly far from politic. It is a mistake to appear to tamper with a people, to encourage them to expect changes from a legislative session, and then to forbid them to cherish the hopes which the promise awakens. There is no reasen to believe that any of the men returned will be more than Constitutionalists—the " Left Centre" ofcontinental assemblies. The people, well governed in the main, are not enthusiastic, and those who do busy themselves are more anxious to return good men of business and creditable speakers than repre sentatives of extreme views. So calm an exercise of popular rights can be terrible only to nerves shattered by recollections of the barricades, and to distrust it. is unworthy of statesmen who have be fore them, in the two great States of Western Europe, the spectacle of what free government and despotism tend to produce.—Times. CITY COMMISSIO-V OF SETEEI?S. Yesterday a court, at which Mr. Deputy Christie presided, was held for the despatch of public usiness. - SANITARY STATE OF THE CITY. The following is an extract from the weekly re port of Dr. Letheby, the medical officer of health : " The mortality returns for the week are as near .to the average as possible. There were 65 deaths in the city, of which 29 were among children of less than five years of age, and there were but 7 deaths among old persons of 60 years of age and upwards. Nearly one-half of the deaths were from diseases of the respiratory . organs. Thus, there were 8 deaths from consumption, 7 from pneumonia, 8 from bron chitis, 5 from whooping cough, 1• from asthma, and 1 from croup. There were no deaths from diar rhoea or small-pox,-and but 2 from fever and 5 from scarlet fever." HOLBORN-HILL. Mr. Deputy HARRISON said a scheme was before the Metropolitan Board of Works with the view of improving Holborn-hill at an expense of £lOO,OOO less than the estimate of the city architect upon the subject some years ago. The resolution of the board instructs their architect to put himself in communication with Mr. Bunning to suggest to the board the best mode of removing that great block to communicate with the city. METROPOLIS MAIN DRAINAGE RATE. The CITY CHAMBERLAIN laid before the court a precept he had received from the Metropolitan Board of Works, requiring him to pay on or before the 24th June next, to their account, at the Bank of England, £15,700 12s. 6d. as the share of the city towards th e Metropolis Main Drainage Rate. Mr. Deputy HARRISON—This sum is arrived at by calculating the rateable property at 3d. in the pound. I think it the duty of the commission to look to the basis upon which this sum is charged. I hope the matter will be referred to the General Purposes Committee, although I have no doubt whatever the charge is correct. After some discuss!.on this course was adopted. Serious apprehensions are entertained for the safety of the Galway steamer Indian Empire, - which left New York for Ireland exactly a month ago. The rate of 25 guineas per cent. has been paid for insurances, the regu lar charge being from 15s. to 20s. only. The Indian em pire is the last of the overdue American steamers, the Edin burgh having arrived this afternoon. .UP JIEALTH OF LOYDON DURING ME IVEEK, (From the Registrar-General's _Report.) The mortality lof London continues to increase rapidly with increasing cold. In the third week ' of October the deaths were 1,113; in the thin' week of November, ending last Saturday, they were 1,487. In the first of the fivs week coo', prised within these limits the mean temperatur n of the air was 51.1 deg., in the last, 35.5 deg. A , reduction in the temperature, graduallff effeote th to the extent of 16 deg., has been attended by a n increase of nearly 400 in the deaths of a week. In the 10 years 1848-57 the average number 01 deaths in the weeks corresponding with last Feet was 1,084 ; but as tne 1,497 deaths of last week on", curred in a population which has increased the! . should be compared with the average after it iS raised in proportion to the increase, a correction by which it becomes 1,192. An excess of d e ath° nearly equal to 300, a tt es t s th e unusua l sever ity ° I, , the present November, to which, as its princiPn' cause, the excess is to be attributed. The deaths referred to pulmonary diseases, in't eluding bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, and otter s less extensively f a t a l, b n t exc l u di ng p h t hi s i s a IId whooping-cough, were in the last four weeks Oe", cessively 181, 250, 312, an d 413 ; th ose re f e rred especially to bronchitis, 83,128; 171, and 211; t e „ pneumonia, 77, 99, 112, and 166 ; to asthma, 'l , ' 13, and 20. The mortality from phthisis is mor e slowly affected by cold, for it did not i ncreas till la' week, when the deaths rose from 131 to 166. Fil l nonagenaris died last week, of whom the oldest 0 5 94 years of age. From scarlatina 133 persons died last weett of whom all except 5, where child r e n u nd er 15yearat )t age. Six deaths from it occurred in the sub-din; tract of Poplar. This disease shows a very sligb' decrease ; small-pox on thn other hand, which Wa s fatal in ten cases, shows an increase. Last week the biaths of 865 boys and 768 girlsf,i n all 1,633 children, were reg i s t ere d i n L on d o n. 'is:, the ten corresponding weeks of the years 1848 4 ' the average number was 1,491. At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was 29.530 1 The barometrical readings varied from 29.27 in. to 29.96 in. The mean temperature of the week 'so" 35.5 deg., which i s 7 d eg . b e l ow th e average of ts.be same week in 43 y ears ( as d e t erm i ne d by IV' Giaisiier). The me an d a ily t empera t ure wal b e : low the averg age th roug h ou t th e wee k, an d a" the last two days, which were tho coldest, th e extent of depression was respectively 13.1 deg and 10.5 deg. Th e hi g h es t rea di ng o f th e thermometer in the shad e o bt a i ne d on Sunda! the 14th, and was 45.8 deg. Its lowest point V' 24.6 deg. on Saturday. The entire range was ther e ' fore 21.2 deg. ; the mean daily range was 9.3 deg' The difference between the mean dew-point temP_,, e. rature and a i r t empera t ure was 5 d eg. Th e ow degree of humidit y o f th e a i r was 83 . The ivel, temperature of the wat er o f th e Th ames w as 41' 9 deg., or 6.4 deg. hi g h er th an th a t o f th e air. Tilo t wind blew from the nor th- eas t till F r id ay , when it changed to south-west. Strong gales blew on ° e ' veral days at the beginning of the week, the pr e 4 sure having increased on Sunday t o 131 b. o n t P square foot. There was no rain. • FRENCH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES• At the last sitting M. Po u ill e t announce d tha t the committee appointed at the request of the Minister of Agriculture, Comm erce , an d Pilot, Works, to examine certain impo r t an t ques ti o ns ' P', / lating to the laws on weights and measures, has foil% it,impossible to reply to them, with ou t un d er t a king , series of experiments which w ill requ i re muc h Oa,' M. Pouillet, therefo re , reques t e d th e A ca d o nY ti, inform the Minister of this inevitable delay. Despretz communicated a long account of a series of experiments he had been carrying on since Olaf 1857, in order to as cer t a i n w h et h er t h e c h e nu,,,. substances hitherto looked upon as elements simple bodies were really such or not. Chemist s 4 accustomed to the a l mos t d a il y occurrence o f t" most unlooked-for and surprising decompositien_l' were generally imbu e d w ith a ki n d of sceptics r as regarded the undecomp osa bl e na t ure o f cer n bodies. In 1807 Sir Hu m ph rey D avy express!eo an opinion that metals and o th er simp l e bocil were mere compounds of an unknown base andf. a substance forming a constituent of hydrogel',l Gay-Lussac and Thenard regarded potassium a.n, h sodium as a combiration o f th e i r a lk a li e s NO4 hydrogen. In 1847, Gerha r dt d ec l are d that simple nature of the elements was not mathen!'e tically demonstrated, and that sc i ence might sni' d day succeed in decomposing sulphur, carbon, an the metals. In 1857, M. Duma s , in a Pap e addressed to the Academy, admitted th e ex istenc e . of two conflicting opinions, one regar di ng the 611 b stance called elements of simple bodies, the other' on the contrary, considering them as resulting from a single substance ; hydrogen, fcr i n stance,' condensed to a d egree varying accor di ng to the nature of the different substances. The latter byP u it thesis originated with Dr. P rou t, w h o su pposes metal, for example, to be n e ith er more nor lea than hydrogen, or a still light er gas , re d u ced t° a _, solid state by condensation. I n or d er t o t e st the se strange opinions, M. Despretz has subjected Or per, lead, zinc, &c., to very high temperatures; and decomposed their salts in various ways, alwal obtaining the said m e t a l s i n th e i r na t ura l state , ' whence he concludes th a t th ey are real elemenr; having different prop er ti es , an d not pro d uce d the condensation of any gas. M. Encke s em in a long communication on th e come t which to bears his name, with n umerous t a bl es tending .0 show the di m i nu ti on o f ti me observable ill i a periodical reappearance. Mr. Encke first o bserve it in 1819, but M. Olb ers h a d s i nce s h own that :l had been accidentally o b serve d t w i ce i n 1786 by d MM. Mechain and Messier, and that the comet 1795 also was no other than M. Eneke's. Taking all these facts to ge th er , an d ca l cu l a ti ng th e perinl' ile of reappearance, M. Encke no w s h ows that t, time of the comet's revol u ti on , w hi c h was 1,212'.3 days in 1786-95, has fallen to 1,210.57 days 1855-58, being a loss of 2.06 days in the course ' 3 , 73 years. This diminution M. Encke explains 1 1 a new hypothesis, viz., the resistance of a mediu'i diffused throughout space. Dr. Bouchet present a statistical table from which he deduces that &Li -1826 to 1840 the deaths by croup were 2, 8 7: and from 1840 to 1856 they amounted to 5 , 92 ' ' and that out of 388 operations of tracheotoini f there were only 42 cures , s h ow i ng a mor t a lity e e 90 per cent. Dr. D u f raysse commun i cate d a case of asphyxia in a new ly-b orn i n f an t, th e life , °t which he saved by i n t ro d uc i ng a t u b e into 0 larynx after Dr. Bouchet's method. JOINT-STOCK BANKS. The Bankers' Magazine furnishes the returns of the eiri culation of the Private and Joint-st oc k B an k s i n E n gles and Wales for the four weeks e n di ng th e 23d o f O c tob , e, These returns, combined with th e c i rculat i on of the Scot and Irish Banks for the same period, and the average cir en lation of the Bank of E ng l an d f or t h e four weeks _„.,; the 20th of October (the nearest date furnished by their '7,,f turns) will give the foll ow i ng resu lt s o f t h e e i rc ulatiol!,, notes in the Unit e d Ki ng d om , w h en compare d w ith ~ previous month : Sept. 25, Oct. 23,Increase. Decr,se, 1858. 1858. • _____.....-' Bank of England. .. . 20,121,581 21,004,502 85 32 , 921 Private Banks .. .. 3,224,354 3,508,957 284,603 Joint-stock Banks., 2,805,622 3,009,595 203,923 ______...' Total in England. 26,151,557 27,523,054 1,371,497 -- Scotland 3,882,312 4,062,249 179,937 --- Ireland 5,924,797 6 ,690; 8: 1766,085 United Kingdom 35,958,666, 38,276,185, 2,317,519 2,317,M9 And as compared with the month ending the 24th of October, 1857, the above returns show an increase,.. ° f £566,785 in the circulation of no t es in England, and a "` crease of £190,264 in the ci rcu l a ti on of the United liingd ° T; On comparing the above w ith t h e fixed issues o f several banks, the following is the state of the circulation The English private banks are below their fixed issue .......... The English joint-stock banks are below their 763 fixed issue . Total below fixed issue in England.... £l,lBB/ 7 40 4 0 The Scotch b an k s are a b ove t h e i r f i xed i ssue .. £97- K 9, 0 ,g 8 The Irish banks are ab o v e th e i r fi xe d i ssue £336,1' The average stock of bullion held by the Bank of E n gl i and in both departments duri ng th e mon th en di ng the r 4 : 0.4 of October was £19,397,626, being an increase of 1992,7 1 ° o f compared with the previous month, and an increase £9,480,899 when compared with the same period last Ye ar s The following are the amounts of s p ec i e h e ld by n wia Scotch and Irish banks during th e mon th en di ng the of October : Gold and silver held by the S co t c h b an k s Gold and silver held by the Irish b an k s 14,77 8 r being an increase of £92,420 as compared with the pre vi ° t u i l return, and an increase of £720,818 when compared i" the corresponding period last year. DR. GUTHRIE AND THE INDIAN MUTINIEs•-"; In the course of the Rev. Dr. Guthrie's speech, at therae e i , ing of the Indian Christian Association, held in Edinb ur r on Tuesday, he said—" I h ave read the - history of our ec" . „,. °- nial possessions, and I say that, with some bright ex % tions, it is a black and bloody history. And in reference in India, as well as to other of our colonies, I feel that the waY 4 which we have made eur conquests has often been of a In e n - d unjustifiable character ; and I say before this zneetingLa, I'll say it anywhere, that had I been an Indian, and ' o u, been in India, I would have fought on the side of those call the mutineers. I would have fought for my c ountrY:: I would have fought for all its liberties—l would hav : fought for my native land—l would have fought for and faith; and the very reason why I honour Wallaeed Bruce for repelling the foot of a foreign fee from Scotian -I would have led me, had I been there, to take the ad the natives."