The Sun. — London, England, 1829-10-16 00:00:00

any intelligible object, which has been prose cuted without spirit, and which has hitherto produced only calamities without any redeem. ing fruits of honour or glory. As General Lamar has been deposed and deported, he is of course made the scape-goat of these inglorious hostilities, and, under the title of a perfidious American, is consigned to the privations of exile and the horrors of remorse. VALUE OF DIAMONDS. The economists have-very much puzzled both themselves and their-readers by their speculations on the true ineSs - ure of value ; but, without en tering at all into these, it will be sufficient if we state here, that value in exchange is, according to the received doctrine, regulated by the cost of production, and that, generally speaking, the one is the measure of the other. This doctrine, however, will not, we apprehend, apply to the case of diamonds, the value of which is not de termined by the cost of production—for that, in many cases easily imaginable, may be almost nothing—but by the rarity of the commodity, taken in conjunction with its purity and weight. The great diamond of the King of Portugal, for example, weighs 1,680 carats, of four grains each, and is valued at the enormous sum of 224,000,0001. The diamond in the sceptre of Russia, which was stolen from a Malabar idol by a French grenadier, weighs 779 carats, and is valued at 4,854,7281. The diamond of Au rungzebe weighed 2,799 carats, and was valued at 399,0001. Another diamond of the King of Portugal, weighing 215 carats, is valued at 388,2901. The diamond of the Emperor of Germany weighs 1,395 carats, and is valued at 114,9961. The diamond of the King of France, called the " Regent," weighing 13,675 carats, is valued at 218,7501. And a diamond, men tioned by Ferishta, as having formed part of the plunder of Chusero, one of the Mahommedan conquerors of India who ravished Malabar, must have been worth about 255,0001. sterling; for it is described as " a perfect diamond of 168 ruttys," or 147 carats, and consequently, 'sup posing it to have been equal in purity to the " Regent " and the second Portuguese diamond above mentioned, its value would amount to the sum just stated. But it can scarcely be con tended, we think, that the values above assigned represent the cost of production of the different diamonds to which they are respectively affixed, or, indeed, that these diamonds are, in any just sense of the term, a product of labour and in dustry. In point of fact, their discovery (we mean the discovery of diamonds such as those we have above enumerated) has, in nine cases out of ten, been the result of accident or chance; and, therefore, it appears to us unreasonable to contend that labour enters at all as an element into the values assigned them. It may indeed be alleged that these values are excessive or imaginary ; but it can never, we think, be main- , tabled that, even if this were the case, the true value is determinable by the cost of production alone ; unless, indeed, it can be previously shown that the discovery has been exclusively the result of the time and labour expended in searching for them. And where this cannot be shown, or, in other words, where the discovery has not been the result of labour applied in the search, it fol lows that the value, whatever it may be, must be determined by reference to a principle different from that which resolves exchangeable value into the cost of production. In short, we just recur to the doctrine with which we set out, that the value affixed to these gems must, in genera!, resolve into mere rarity, united with purity and weight, or relative quantity. BUTCHERS' CHARITABLE 'NM. TUTION. The anniversary dinner of the Butchers' Chari table Institution, for affording relief to decayed and distressed master butchers, their widows and chil dren, took place yesterday evening at the Free mason" "1 7 aYern. In the absence of Wm. Mellish, Esq., patron of the Society, the Chair was taken by Mr. GIBLETT. In the course of the evening the CHAIRMAN took oC.a . :sion to remark on the progressive improvement of Smithfield-market. Much had been done, and many improvements were still carrying on there. — He proceeded to allude to the improved state of the police,—the facilities afforded to business by the stoppage of carriages passing through Smithfield during market hours, and the advantages occasioned by the alteration of the market from Friday to Thursday. The Committee of Butchers had come to the conclusion, after the most careful considera tion, that in no way could the London butcher so sa risfictorilv tiansacr his business as upon his own premises, where he could have, as every man ought to have, his own eye upon his own property. This was the result of their examination of the manner of doing business in all the markets of the kingdom. After glancing at the utility of an institution for the relief of distressed members of the trade and their families, the Chairman • gas e, " The Butchers of London, Westminster, and the parts adjacent ; and may they ever be united to promote the best interests of the trade." Mr. FALLOVICR proposed the health of the mem bers of the Butchers' Committee. Mr. SCALES returned thanks in his own name and that of the other Members of the Committee, and adverted to the plan of establishing abattoirs, which had been proposed some time ago, and which, he conceived, if carried into effect, would have proved extremely inconvenient to tk~ trade, and must have imposed an additional tax on the public. He thought that as the City had so long enjoyed the tolls of Smithfield-market, it was their business, now that it Lad grown too small for their purposes, to enlarge it at their own expence. It was as fairly to be ex pected that they should do so as that a man should, at his own cost, enlarge his house in order to enable him the better to transact his business. It would be unfair to tax the graziers for the enlargement of the market—a tax, the imposition of which the butchers had opposed, not only upon the principles laid down, but because it was a tax which must eventually fall upon the public at large. The Com mittee of Butchers had expended a sum of 3001. out of their own private pockets during the year; they had done so in order to promote the great object in reference to which they were that day assembled ; and it was to be hoped that this example would pro.. duce a corresponding degree of liberality on their part. He trusted, that whatever they might have intended to give to reimburse the Committee for its outlay, would be devoted to the purposes of the charity, in addition to their ordinary subscriptions. Nothing could be more gratifying to the Committee than to find that such was the case. It would double the pleasure they had already experienced in support ing so excellent an institution. The CHAIRMAN proposed—" Health and happi ness to the Members of the Butchers' Company ;" and in giving the toast alluded to the liberality of several individuals belonging to the Company to this Institution. Mr. WARSIINOTON returned thanks. Mr. CHALLIS having eulogized the objects of the charity, and spoken of the activity displayed in their promotion, gave, " The Butchers' Charitable Fund." Mr. Mellish's apology for not attending the Meet ing was read; and the Chairman having announced A donation of 50 guineas from that gentleman, in ad dition to his original donation of 100 guineas, his Lealth was drank. • VIC CHAIRMAN AIIIIQUIICed, tlig there Were no v.- leas than 60 candidates for the ten vacancies in the Institution which were speedily to be filled up. The males relieved by the society received an allowance of 20/., and the women of 15/. - A list 9f subscriptions, to a considerable amount, was real by the Secretary. Among other benefac tor's were the names of Sir Claude Scott and Co., for 10 guineas. ft was announced that Mr. Knight, one of the individuals present, had given a donatim of three acres and a half of freehold land, to be ap plied to the purposes of the Society. The CHAIRMAN mentioned, that the amount of subscriptions and donations received previously to the present occasion was between 3,0001. and 4,0001. About 300 persons sat down to dinner. Several songs and glees were sung in the course of the even ing by Messrs. Robinson, G. Smith, Master Lewis, and other professional persons present. GERMAN PAPERS. BERLIN, OCT, 2,—The news of the conclusion of peace between Russia and Turkey has, on the whole, made a very favourable impression here, but yet it has not excited the sensation that might have been expected. This may he partly because the event has long been anticipated as certain, and therefore we were not surprised at it, and partly because people seem to feel that, with the name and form of a treaty of peace, all the difficult points relative to the affairs of the East are far from being fully adjusted. but that the present state of feverish excitement in the po litical relations will continue for some time. This does not, however, much disturb us, as our situation relieves us from frequent direct participation in the existing difficul ties, and we are evidently in such an attitude that we may cal forward without apprehension to all future events. It is said that it is intended considerably to extend the sphere of action of our provincial assemblies ; it has long since been proposed to make their proceedings more gene rally interesting by some degree of publicity. To judge, however, by the substance of many of those proceedings which have been made public, it should seem that a number of the most important affairs will be better left for the pre sent in the bands of the administrative authorities, who have kept pace with the spirit of the age, than in those oi the provincial assemblies, whose views and proposals often seem to belong to times long since past. The disputes about the Liturgy in the Protestant Church are happily ended ; there is, on the contrary, a fertnenta don in the Catholic Church, especially in Silesia, and it is not improbable that from these at present trifling begin nings important consequences may in time ensue. VIENNA, OCT. 3.—Mr. Wellesley, son of Lord Cowley, the English Ambassador, has arrived here express from London. A French courier from Constantinople has passed through here, hastening to Paris. FRONTIMIS OF MOLDAVIA, Slum 24.—The news of the peace has caused great joy in the principalities ; the inhabi tants, hitherto oppressed by thePorte,know that better times await them, and are preparing fetes to express their gra titude to the August Sovereign who considered their distressed situation. Much as the Principalities have suf fered latterly, they will soon recover under a well-regulated government, as they surpass all the other provinces of European Turkey in fertility, and their geographical posi tion is highly favourable to commerce, for which the supply of the wants of the Russian army has opened many chan nels, and extremely favours the exchange of European and Asiatic produce. ST. PETERSBURCII, SEPT. 30.—Yesterday, at noon, a salute of 101 guns, fired by the fortress of Peter and Paul, announced to the inhabitants of the capital the happy news of the conclusion of peace with the Ottoman Porte. His Majesty the Emperor has been pleased to send to General Count Diebitsch Sabalkansky the following gra cious rescript, with the Order of St. George of the first class :--- " TO OUR GENERAL OF INFANTRY, ADJUTANT-GENERAL DIEBITSCH SABALZANSKY, COMMANDER-DI. CHIEF OF THE SECO] D ARMY. " The army intrusted to your command has not ceased since the commencement of the present campaign to distingui• li itself by the most brilliant exploits. The total defeat of the main force of the Grand Vizier at the village of Ku-Klewtscha,—the taking of the for- tress of Silistria,—the ever-memorable passage of Mount Balkan,—the capture of all the fortresses in the Bay of Bourgas, and that of the second capi tal, Adrianople,—are deeds which cover the army with imperishable laurels. But, not satisfied with this, your distinguished military talents have shown to the world an event which exceeds all expectation, since you did not delay to plant our victorious standards before the very gates of the enemy's capital, and, comtnunicatiog on the right wing with our forces in the Archipelago, and on the left with teat in the Black Sea, at length triumphantly compelled the Ottoman Porte to acknowledge its inability to resist the Russian arms, and decidedly to implore clemency. " These your glorious services to us and to the country have acquired you our whole favour and especial gratitude, and as a testimony of it, we hereby appoint you Knight of the first class of the Holy Martyr and Conqueror, St. George, the insignia of which we send you, ordering you to wear them according to the statutes. " Convinced that this honourably acquire►] recompense will double your zeal in farther enduring hardships for the good of the country, we assure you of our Imperial favour. " Alexandria, near Peterhof, 12th (24th) Sept. 1829. (Signed) " NICHOLAS." —Prussian State Gazette, Oct. ►9. • VIENNA, OCT. ti.--(By Express, received at Frankfort.) —Metalliques, 102 ; Bank Shares, I,22o.—Frankfort Papers, Oct. 11. DOVER, OCT. 15. The Duke of Wellington arrived here this morning, and immediately held the Harbour Sessions, as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports; after which his Grace inspected the piers and the works connected therewith. The Duke af terwards dined at the Ship Inn with R. H. Jenkinson, Esq. the Lieutenant-Governor of Dover Castle, Sir E. Knatch hull, Sir li. Oxenden, Sir J. Bridges, W. Derdes, Esq., the Mayor of Dover, and the other Commissioners of Dover Harbour. The Duke will hold a Court of Loadmanaqe to.morrow for the Regulation of the Pilots, in St., James's Church ; according to immemorial custom, and will afterwards dine with the members of the Fraternity of Pilots at the Ant werp Inn. His Grace wore the Cinque Ports uniform, and appeared in excellent health. His Excellency Sir C. 134g0t, our Ambassador at the Hague, sailed fur Calais this day, under a salute from the heights. . _ The tide, last night, was higher than has been remem bered far a long time; it overflowed all the quays, and as the wind wag strong, very serious damage was done to the South Pier Head. MARGAIE, OCT. 15. Sailed yesterday, at ten A. 31. for Ostend, his Majesty's steam packet Spitfire, with the mail, twenty-two pas sengers, and one carriage. The above packet brought over on Saturday twenty-four passengers, among whom were the Right Hon. Lord Forbes, Captain Harvey and lady, Mr. and Miss Starkey, Mr. and Miss Roper, Mr. and Miss Wells, Messrs. Fitzgerald, Wright, Stone, Hart, Collier, Austin, Vaughan, Brothers, &c. It having blown a tremendous gale from the north-west the greater part of yesterday and last night, his Majesty's packet Fury, from Ostend, was obliged to bear up for Dover Road, where she landed her mail and passengers, at seven o'clock this morning. The packet afterwards ran for Ramsgate Harbour, and is expected round here next tide. We learn, that at the time the Fury left Ostend, a num ber of vessels were on shore near that place, and as it has blown very hard since that time, we much fear that several of them must become total wrecks. Six o'clock, r. 31. The gale is much abated, and it has now the appearance of moderate wiatiwr. Mr. MACREADY commenced an engage ment at the theatre on Monday evening, and appeared in the character of Virginius.—Liverpool Courier. FLOATING LIGHT.—It may be of some im portance to Ciptains of vessels, and other nautical men, to know that a floating light has been placed, for the winter, near the Rock. —Liverpool Courier. The assize of bread for this town was on Wednesday reduced three farthings in the quartern loaf wheaten, the price of which is now 9y.—Cambridge Chronicle. We understand that a new iron suspension bridge will next summer replace the present dangerous and insecure structure across the River Ouse, at Ely.—Guns bridge Chronicle. CATS.—An extraordinary circumstance in the feline species has lately occurred at Mr. BRASIEIt'S, Royal Mortar, Woolwich : a tortoiseshell cat has kittened seven kittens, the whole are milk white, not a mark of any sort ma visible upon any 0n,7 of them. PRICES OF STOCKS THIS Sank Stock' 213 12 1 ,4 : per Cent. Red. B 9 l / ( i% ' per Cent. Cons !,,,, per Cent. 93 iti )ittn Red. 98 3(/4 1 4% : per Cent. 1726 - per Cent. Ann : 03 % 1 / 2 htto. 126 10-ITA )itto Scrip - :,nk L. Ann. 19%% ' ndia Stock 2`22% 'ittn Bonds 6l 63 pm. rMICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. kustrian Bonds 3razilian Bonds 6 3 , , ,,;, ; Peruvian Bonds 12!6 iuepos Ayres Bonds — Portuguese Bonds 1. 7 3,i inlian Bonds -Prussian, Old olombian Bonds — Ditto, New ')itto, 1824 _ _ _. .... ),:Wish .Spanish, 1821 B!q ;reek Bonds — ' --- 1823 ')itto, 1825 9 04( 2 French Rentes, sp. c. 1(Y71 f )c. 7; uatimala — '-- Exchange 2sf. 50e. lexican Bonds — 3 per cent. )itto, 1825 Eichange 2sf. 66.: PEICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AY ONE O'CLOCK. Paid. Per Share. knglo Mex. Min. Co. (iss. at 5/. pm.) .f 100 Urazilian hnp. Min. Co. (iss. at 51. pm.) £2O Real del Monte Mining Co. Protector Insurance Comp AT ONE O'CLOCK. • South Sea Stock Old Annuities 89 ii Si New Ditto Ex. 8i115,.£1,000 2d. 70 72 pm. Ditto lid. '7O '7l lan. Ditto 500 2d. '7O 72 pm . Ditto.. ... . ..... 70 71 pm. Ditto Small 2d. 7(1 '72 pm. Ditto lid. '7O 71 pm. Bank for Account ...... - India for Account ,Cons. for Account 90% 72 X 1 8 41 9 ett LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 16, 1829. The French Papers of Wednesday, received this morning by express, contain very important Hews, if credit could be reasonably given to them, but we doubt much whether the SULTAN, in his present state of humiliation, can offer any eTectual resistance to the Russians. If it 1 e true that he had not ratified the Treaty on the 19th of September, it must have been in conse quence of the remonstrance of the Ambassadors of England and France, for the terms of the Treaty are such that these Ambassadors could never give them their official sanction. It is said that the Pachas in the West had coalesced for the purpose of resisting the demands of Russia, but we fear that there is little to hope from their efforts now. They should have exerted themselves when they had a good op portunity, but it is never too late to make an effort of despair. If the population were to rise with a religious fervor, there would yet be some chance. The following are extracts : (From the Message). des Chambres of Wedneday.) SECOND EDITION. PARIS, OCT. 14. The Augsburg Gazelle of the 10th contains the following article : FROM THE BANKS OF TUE ISAR, OCT: 8. According to the report of a French courier, sent from Constantinople to Paris, and who passed through Munich in great haste yesterday, the Sul tan had not yet ratified (on the 19th September) the treaty concluded 011 the 14th. If this news is well founded, we must suppose that Niahmoud still entertains some hopes, in conse quence of the resistance made by some of his Pachas, who have not their hands tied as he has, and are not afraid of conspirators. Perhaps he has had news of the march of the 35,000 Albanians, who, according to letters from Bucharest, are endeavouring to ad vance to Adrianople by way of Sophia. In this case it might happen that the Turks lost for ever the advantages of the moderate terms of the treaty of Adrianople. We are still without any official communications respecting the conditions of peace, which gives some weight to the report spread by the above-men tioned courier, of the non-ratification of the treaty by the Sultan, and this news may very likely be confirmed. We are the more impatient to learn the real terms of peace, because we can hardly con. ceive how so complex an affair, in which so many interests are concerned, could be settled in a few daps, especially when the question was to lead to a durable peace. PARIS, OCT. 13. CONTINUATION OF HOSTILITIES IN TURKEY. Letters from Constantinople of the 20th of Sept., and from Corfu of the 24th, which have been re ceived at Marseilles,by way of Ancona and Leghorn, announce that the whole western part of Rumelia, and all Bosnia and Albania, are in insurrection against the Sultan and the Russian array. The chiefs of the districts have raised the whole Maliomedan popu lation of these countries in a mass, and led them to Sophia and Comanova, where the Pacha of Bosnia and Albania are posted with an army of 50,000 men. The most violent fanaticism inspires them ; they con sider themselves as destined to revenge the sacred cause betrayed by the Sultan and his Council. They are resolved to march to Constantinople, and the pillage of that wealthy city is the lure held out to them. OH the other hand the English Government is making very menacing preparations for war at Corfu, where nearly 15,000 men are at this moment as sembled. The Turks pretend that they shall re °Ave from the lonian Islands all the ammunition they shall require, and that the English will land, if ne ' cessary, in Albania and Epirus. PARIS, OCT. 14.—Five per Cents. 107 f 50c. 45c. ; Four and a half per Cents, 103 f. 25e. ; Three per Cents., 82f. 82f. se. 82f. 82f. sc. 81f. 95c.; Bank Stock, 1855 f. ; Rentes de Naples, 88f. 55e. 60c.; Royal Spanish Loan, 764 in; Rente Perp. d'Ep. Exchange on London, one month, 25f. 65e. ; three months, 25f. 45c.—Cours Authentiqus. FRENCH FUNDS, PARIS, OCT. 13.—Five per Cents. 107 f. 45c. ; Three per Cents. 81f. 85c. St. Petersburgh Journals to the 26th of Sep tember have been received this morning. They contain lists of numerous promotions and re wards for services in the present campaign in Turkey. It will be seen that while the EMPEROR conciliates the good-will of the army, he is not forgetful of increasing his navy. Another 74 has been launched at St. Petersburgh ST. PETERSBURGH, SEPT. 25. On Tuesday last the Brienne, a new ship of the line of 74 guns, was launched at the Admiralty dock-yard, at Okhta, in the presence of his Majesty the Emperor. The command of the vessel, which was built by Colonel Stoki, of the Engineers, is given to Captain Kordukoff. Parliament was yesterday prorogued to Thurs day, the 10th December. New York Papers to the 19th September have been received, but they contain no news. Calcutta Papers have been received to the 15th May, but their contents are unimportant. The Allgenzeine Zeitung of the 10th October contains the following article in favour of Russian moderation, but in which the writer misses his object by the excessive servility of his homage. If ever there was a peace concluded upon term s containing within themselves the seeds of future war, it is the peace of Adrianople : FRANKFORT, OCT. 6. We - received the first news of the signing of peace at Adrianople by the Prussian State Gazette; but notwithstanding the high credit which that esteemed Paper enjoys here, the fact was doubted, b ecause the article had no fficial character, and no mention was made of so important an event in the mercantile letters from Vienna, received at the same time. It has, however, been since so fully confirmed by ac counts from various quarters, that the most obsti nate scepticism must yield. Our merchants are now discussing the reported conditions of the treaty. The general result, indeed, is admiration of the magna nimity of the conqueror ; but perhaps the eminent political wisdom to which the conditions bear testi mony, may not be every where equally appreciated, especially as they form a striking contrast to those conditions which we all remember in the time of Napoleon, an epoch which the events of the late campaign call to mind. At that t;me every peace contained within itself the seeds of a new war, be canse it irritated the vanquished, partly by losses and preliminaries, whereas the peace which the Em peror Nicholas has granted to the Porte, aims merely at securing the complete attainment of the original object of the war, and its conditions consequently afford the most entire securities for its duration, so far as this is in the reach of human foresight. The KING OF NAPLES has, during has absence, confided to his Son the government of the kingdom. Dutch Papers of the 10th have been received, but their contents possess no interest. We direct attention to an article from the Tunes, under the usual head, upon the terms of the treaty of peace. We are glad that our re spected contemporary is at length alive to a due sense of Russian moderation. It is said, in letters from Cracow, in Poland, of the 29th of September, that the Emperor NICHOLAS will open the Diet in person. In the interior of Russia great exertions are still made in completing the skeleton regiments of the active army, and repairing the losses in the materiel. Great activity also prevailed in the different depots, and every thing betokened that the war was not terminated—but only sus pended. The following sensible communication from our Paris Correspondent will be read with interest : " The hostile feelings towards England, which are daily fomented by what is called the Liberal Press of this country, have obviously their origin in a spirit of invidious jealousy, unworthy of a great and enlightened people ; and still more unworthy of that Ultra liberality of sentiment which they so loudly profess. In spite of the latent dislike which is too surely felt fur every thing English, it is not a little amusing to see the most violent of this party some times driven to an open advocacy, or an acknow ledged imitation, of English institutions and English improvements, in which it is not to be denied that this country is far behind us. The excessive rains for which this season has been so remarkable in every quarter of Europe, have forced the subject of road-making on public attention, and, in this re spect there is certainly a lamentable deficiency in the roads of France, as compared with those of Eng laud. So much is this felt at the present moment, that the road fi'om the great sea-port - of Havre to the capital has become almost impassable ; and when a French causeway has once been broken up into ruts, I need not say that the only possible mode of re storing it to usefulness is by taking it up and form ing it anew. One of the great advantages of the improved system of road-making in England is, that any local or superficial defect may be readily sup plied without a day's interruption to the use of the road as a public thoroughfare. But the great and insuperable obstacle to any general improvenient in French road-making is that, like every thing else which can be made the subject of monopoly and ag grandizement, the charge of the public roads is en trusted to a Royal Commission, who, like institu tions of a similar nature, are absolutely stationary amidst the general progress of improvement. In England we have still to complain of the existence of several great public nuisances in the form of mo nopolies; but they are few and harmless compared with those of France. Not only is road-making a monopoly, but posting, tobacco-making, pawn broking, gambling, and a thousand other employ ments equally inconsistent with sound principle and sound morality. The maintenance of this system is encouraged and supported in France, not merely by the stability which a great public institution must every where acquire from its inherent weight, and its numerous ramifications ; but there is in the French character a decided passion for the great and the magnificent, which cannot be overcome by the sober conviction that commercial dealings are most prosperous when left to their own unfettered course, and that, as in the case of road-making, the appoint ment of a general Commission, under the superin tendance of a Board of the ablest Engineers, for the general controul of the whole roads of the kingdom, is not nearly so efficient or so available in practice as the subdivision of the country into county or dis trict trusts, as in England. " The same love for the magnificent has lately produced a proposal for the formation of docks in' the plain of Ivry, at the junction of the Seine and the Marne, in imitation of those at London and Liverpool, and other great English towns. There is a strong desire in this country to make Paris a great commercial town, and to rival our own metro polis in trade as much as it undoubtedly precedes it in gaiety and fashion. It is with this view that the canals of the Ourck, St. Denis, and St. Martin, have been formed, at an expense to the city of many millions of francs; but hitherto they have not even been able to support themselves. The splendid building they have erected for an Exchange is an other indication of the same feeling, rather than from any real want for the accommodation it affords, as was lately evinced by the offer of the merchants of Paris to return to the old Exchange, for the pur pose of accommodating the Chamber of Deputies during the period necessary for re-building the Hall in the Palais Bourbon, in which they have hitherto 'held their sittings. " At an early period of the last summer I hap pened to be present at a great public entertainment, which was given at St. Vallery, near t h e embouchure of the Somme, in Picardy, on the occasion of the opening of the great canal, which is intended to form one of the principal branches of communication between Paris and the sea. Like every thing else of this kind which is undertaken in France, a scale had been adopted not by any means in proportion to the extent of the traffic for whi c h i t was to b e t h e channel of communication, but rather in proportion to what was seemly or becoming as a great national undertaking. It is upwards of fifty years since this canal was commenced, and, as may be supposed, it was during the active reign of N a p o l eon that it received its greatest stimulus ; but Napoleon, like the nation over whom he ruled, had a decided taste for the magnifique, arid in this, as in many other instances, it was certainly substi tuted for what was simply useful. The sea lock of the great basin at St. Vall ery i s b eaut if u ll y exe cuted in granite, equal to that of which Waterloo Bridge is composed ; but to provide for the antici pated concourse of shipping at the entrance of the canal, there are no less than three flood-gates, any one of which would undoubtedly have been suffi cient for the passage of all the vessels which are ever likely to ask for admission. " it is at Paris, too, that a society has been formed f or c onnecting the Rhine with the Danube by means of a canal, an idea which is said to have been first conceived by the genius of Charlemagne. The course of the Danube is, it seems, to be enlarged and freed from the obstacles with which it is encumbered, fromlUlm to Stublingen. The navigation is then to be prolonged by a canal, which is to traverse the Black Forest in the direction of the Kintzig, which is to be made navigable to the place where it falls into the Rhine, near Khel. The only acknow ledged difficulty is in the Black Forest, where a tunnel of great extent will be necessary. If this undertaking could really be accomplished, it would no doubt be attended with immense advantages to the general commerce of Europe. By means of the rivers and canals of Holland, a traveller might em bark at the Tower of London and proceed to Con stantinople, without once setting his foot on shore. It is difficult to conceive the extent of the advan tages which would thus be created, by the general diffusion of knowledge and the progressive extinc tion of national prejudices, but in a commercial point of view the results would be more immediate and more sensibly felt. The dangerous navigation of the Mediterranean would be wholly avoided in proceeding to the shores of the Bosphorus and of Asia Minor, countries which were formerly the richest in the world, and which, in the opinion of the projectors of this canal, are soon again to be come so. They seem already to see the steam boats from the Thames circulating freely around the shores of the Euxine, and in the sanguine flight of enthusiasm they call upon the Russian Government to dig a canal between the Black Sea aad the Cas pian, so as to enable the commerce of Europe to arrive by water at the foot of the Himalays The whole idea and conception of this canal partakes of course, in a remarkable degree, of the besetting sin of Parisian projects; but if it could be carried into execution, and maintained after being executed, its extensive usefulness could not easily be denied. By way of anticipating any sweeping general objection to the scheme, the projectors exclaim, that he who would have said in 1740, before the conquests of Lord Clive in Bengal, that England would one day have a hundred millions of subjects in India, and possess ten thousand miles of its shores, would have been treated as a visionary. The prosperity of North America, its great public works, the in creasing number of its merchant vessels, and its progressive population, incessantly pushing itself by successive tides into the middle of the desert, are all considered as grounds on which this new project can be supported, in opposition to the ridicule and the charge of Utopianism with which it is likely to be assailed." SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE.-(THIS DAY.) FROM LLOYD'S. DEAL, OCT. 15.—Wind N.W.—The Clio, Hop per, for Sierra Leone, has put back with loss of anchor and cable, and windlass damaged. The Thomas, King, has proceeded, and the Isabella, the latter reported to have anchor and cable. Arrived from London, the Jane Young, Cleland, for Honduras. PORTSMOUTH, OCT. 14.—Wind N.N.E.—Sailed the Lady Holland, Bell, for Madras and Calcutta; Duke of Norfolk, Manning, fur St. Kitts; John Wilkinson, and Elizabeth, Phillips, for Jamaica ; and his Majesty's ship Algerine, for South America. PLYMOUTH, OCT. 14.---Wind N..—Sailed the Seppings, Louder, for Ceylon ; and John, Munro, for Berbice. FALMOUTH, OCT. 14.—Wind N.N.W. to N.— There is a packet off Port working in, supposed the Marquis of Queensbury, frem the Mediterranean. DOVER, OCT. 15.—Arrived the Aslaby, Cres ton, from Oporto. LIVERPOOL, OCT. 14.--Arrived the Algonquin, West, from Philadelphia. . _ SCILLY, OCT. 13.—Off Port, the Octavia, At kins, from Cuba. BEAUMARIS, OCT. 14.—Arrived the Nundi, Haw kins, from Bengal. BELFAST, OCT. 13.—Arrived the Vesta, Mickle, from Quebec. WATERFORD, OCT. 13.—Arrived the George the Fourth, May, from Quebec. THE FUNDS.-(THIS DAY.) CITY, Twiarz •'CLocr. Although the express from Paris received this morning brings alarming accounts of the continua tion of hostilities between the Russians and Turks, several Pachas having united their forces, to the number of 50,000 wen, in the rear of the grand Russian army, with an intention to force their way to Constantinople, Consols have not been the least affected, and opened this morning at the same price - they left off at yesterday, 89f 90 for money, and 90i f for November. Nothing doing in the Foreign market as yet. This is paying and receiving day in Consols; we do not hear of any failures. ENGLISH FUNDS. Bank Stock, 212 13 31 per Cent. 981 1 India Stock, 222 223 New 4 per Cent., 1031 1 3 per Cent. Cum. 89 90 4 per Cent. 1826 104 i i f Ditt• Reduced, 89i India Bonds, 61 63 Do., for Account, Exchequer Bills, 70 72 Consols for Account November 26, 904. FOREIGN FUNDS. Greek, 201 21 Mexican, 18 1 Pernviau, Portuguese, 474 I Prussian, Russian, 101/ 21 Spanish, s ra TITO O'CLOCK. Brazilian, 631 I Buenos Ayres, 23 25 Chilian, 19 20 Colombian, 18 I Danish, 714 French, 5 per Cent. 107 8 Ditto, 3 per Cent. 81i The paying and receiving the various accounts are going off well, and the Consol market continues withlittle fluctuation to the present time. Consols were, in the early part of the morning, at 901 for the Account, and at present they are 90 to and 89/ 90 for money. The story in the German Papers of the Pachas marching to Constantinople does not gain the least credit, and is treated as a stock-jobbing concern at Vienna, to depress the Metalliques, which were, on the 6th, received by express, at 102; Bank Shares, 1,220. . _ . It is asserted that a reconciliation is on the tapis between Don Pedro and his brother Don Miguel. The letters from Paris state that large purchases are making there in the Rentes by a great capitalist. In the Foreign Market Brazil and Greek Stock have improved. Little doing in the other Foreign Securities. THREE O'CLOCK Consols for account, 89! i ; Ditto for Nov. 90. TRIAL OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Having observed it stated in the Times of this day, that the boiler of the " Novelty" had burst, and that in consequence Messrs. 13raith waite and Ericson bad withdrawn their Engine from the competition, I take the liberty of requesting your contradiction of the statement, by the in sertion of the following extract from a private communi- cation : " We started this morning to complete the task assigned to us under the new ordeal, and bad accomplished two of our own trips in good time, when we found our cement and canvas joints, which were only made up this morning, yielding to the high temperature, and letting the steam escape at all points. We therefore thought proper to stop the Engine. And, now, taking into consideration, th at at least eight days would be required to allow the cement to harden sufficiently, we thought we could not properly request the Judges to suspend the conclusion of the pro• ceedings any longer. We accordbagly stated, we were wil ling to leave the merits of the Engine to be judged of by the performances it had already exhibited. Thus, not withstanding, we do not intend leaving the Rail• way until we have accomplished all that was required of u s . ,, I remain your obedient servant, FREDERICK BRAITHWAITE. 13, Mary-street, Regent's Park, Oct. 16. An order has been received from London' for all the Portuguese non-commissioned officers and soldiers quartered in this town to hold themselves in readiness to embark fur Terceira. A similar order has, we under stand, bean issued to the Portuguese troops in Fra Ott• Plyrn9elth Journal. ' THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY). CORN EXCHANGE. The supplies of all kinds of Grain this week are co si' derable, and there is also a good quantity of Flour. In the 'Wheat trade there has been a few transactions for "Old and New of good quality at Monday's prices, bu t other sorts are nearly un.taleable. The Barley and Milt trades are excessively dull. Beans and Pease are unol tered. Oats find buyers slowly at Monday's quotations . The Flour trade remains stagnant. ARRIVALS. 1 Wheat. Barley. Oats. I Flout ftiglish Trish lO 6,300 -- Foreign SMITHFIELD MARKET. This (lay's supply of Beasts and fat Calves was rather numerous for that of a Friday, of Sheep, Lanibs, and Porkers, but limited ; the trade was very dull throughout , with Beef, in most instances, at a depression of 2 d ., v e al from 2d. to 4J. per stone ; with Mutton, Lamb, and Pork, at barely Monday's quotations. The stock was 0 0 the whole of fair average quality. PRICES PER STONE OF 81.55. TO SINK THE OFFALS. s. d. to I. d. s d. to 11. Inferior Beasts 2 0 2 2 Large Lambs 3 0 0 Second quality ditto 2 4 2 C , Prime small ditto 0 0 4 Prime largo Oxen... 3 0 3 4 Large coarse Calves 2 4 2 Prime Scots, 3 4 3 8 Prime small ditto 3 8 4 inferior Sheep 2O 2 4 Large Hogs 3lO 4 ‘ , 6 Second quality ditto 2 6 3 0 Sm a ll P or k ers 4 8 5 Coarse-woolledditto 3 0 3 8 Suckling Calves 12s ton. esci' South down Weth ers 3 8 4 01 Quarter old Pigs 2s to 16,. each. SUPPI : Y, AS rim CLERK'S STATEMENT. Beasts. '706 !Sheep and Lambs.' Calves. I Pigs 5,390 248 I 140 I Mach Cows, which were numerous, sold heavily ►t somewhat advanced prices. An useful short horns,, with her small calf, or to calve this month, for a winter Web, was worth from 201. to 211. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL MARKETS. At per stone, bathe Carcass. a. d. to a. d. S. d. to E. d. beet 2 0 3 4 Veal ........ .......... 2 4 4 0 Mutton 2 2 3 6 Pork Lamb ....,.................. 2s. 6d. to 4s. 2d CITY MARKETS-(TWO O'CLOCK.) PLANTATION SUGARS.—Tfiere was rather more busi ness doing on Tuesday, the sales on that day exceeding 1,000 hhds., but since the transactions have again been limited, both Grocers and Refiners having bought sufficient to supply their immediate wants, and in the present state of the market not appearing inclined to buy more than they have a demand for, unless upon very favourable terms ; the Merchants, however, continue firm, and upon the sales made, last week's prices have been realized : the public sale of Barbadoes on Tuesday went off very heavily, but without any material alteration in prices ; of Mauritius, a parcel of about 4,000 bags is advertised for to-morrow. FOREIGN SUGARS.—Some offers have been made this week for different description, but at present very few sales have taken place. REFINED Sucwas.—ln the low descriptions of Lumps fur the Hamburg market there does not appear to be quite so much doing, and prices this week must be quoted r. - titer lower, some sales having been reported at and under 735., but in the better descriptions of Lumps and single Loaves there has been more doing for crashing, the sales i f crashed since Thu►sday last having been rather consider able, and offers are still being made within a shade of the present quotations ; of Grocery goods the stock at present is rather small, but the demand is only limited, therefore prices remain without alteration. CorFr.E.—The quantity brought forward by public sale this week has been 682 casks and 182 bags Planta tion, of which the greater part was ordinary and unclean Jamaica, sad prices are again Is. a 2s. lower ; of the good coloury descriptions only a few lots were offered, but lust week's prices were not obtained for dun; soma parcels of fine Berbice, of favourite marks, brought full prices for the home trade, viz. good middling, 725. 6d. to 84s. ; in Foreign Coffee there is scarcely any thing doing, but a parcel of good coloury Brazil was disposed of to-day at about 343. 6d. FRUIT.-The two cargoes of new Fruit, the arrival of which was noticed last week, were put up to public sale on Friday last, but bought in again at higher prices than the Grocers appeared inclined to give; afterwards, how ever, they were put on tap at the following prices, viz :-- Sew Valentia Raisins in boxes a 565., half boxes a 589. ; new Denia Raisins in baskets, of which there was only a small parcel a 425. ; new Muscatel' Raisins (bunch) in boxes a 1155., half boxes a 1205., and quarter Loxes a 1309., and quarter brls. Lexias a 425. The demand how ever, at present is very trifling, and only a small propor tion of each cargo has as yet been taken off; of new Va lentias there is another arrival which is now being landed, and is on tap at the same prices as the first cargo: On Tuesday a public sale of old Zante, Cephalonia, and Patras Currants, was attempted, hut the whole were bought in, butts and carroteels a 755. to 76W. Of new French Fruit there is a❑ arrival, consisting of Prunes, Imperials, and French Plums, in half, quarter, and small Ids., cases, small boxes, and cartoons, which were all offered by public sale to-day ; only one or two lots, how ever, were disposed of, and prices therefore at present can only be stated to be nominal. MM.-The low price at which the Government con tract for 100,000 gallons was taken, Is. 9id. per gallon, has had no effect on the market. There is very little do ing. The current prices are—Jamaica, 15 to 18 per cent. over proof, 2s. ss. to 2s. 6d. ; ditto 20 to. 24 per cent., 2s. Sd. ; ditto 25 to 28 per cent., 2s. 9d. to 2s. 10d. ; ditto 30 to 35. per cent., as. to Ss. 9d. per gallon. Leewards, 2 to 3 per cent. over proof, Is. 9d. to Is. 10d. ; ditto 6 to 10 per cent., Is. 11d. to 2s. per gallon. Brandy, fresh bonding., 38. Sd. per gallon ; old ditto, as. 6d. per gallon. Ixtuno.—The - East India Company's sale of Indigo is going on languidly. The declaration consists of about 600 chests of Madras, 700 chests of common Oude, and some of very tine quality, and the rest of Bengal. The reduc tion in ordinary shipping qualities may be stated at .4d. to 6d. per 11,. lower than last sale, and fine qualities from Bd. to 9d. per lb. lower. Inferior qualities have gone much lower, and a good deal has been refused. HOes.—Tfie trade is very flat--duty called 36,0001. A few Farnham! have sold from 12 to 15 guineas. Sussex pockets are from 81. 8s: to 91. 9s. ; Kent ditto, 91. ss. to 10/. 10s. ; growth of 1828, 71. 7e. to 8/. ; ditto of 1827, 90s. to 105 s. In the TALLOW market there is no alteration. The price remains heavy at 375. 3d. per cwt. There are no later aseounts from St. Petersburgh to-day. SILK TILADK.—This is prompt day on the Silks pur chased at the last Compauy's sale ; it is expected to be ra ther heavy. There is more doing in Silks, but prices aro languid. BIRMINGHAM MARKETS.—Ocr. 15. CORN MARKET.-We have had a moderate supply of all descriptions of Grain at to-day's market, and the trade was dull at nearly last week's prices. s. d. to fr. d. Wheat, per 621 b. Barley, per Imperial quarter 16 0 48 0 /CR 56 0 68 0 Pease 4O 0 46 0 Beans, per bag of 10 score gross Oats, per 301 b. Fine Flour, per sack of 2801 b. 53 0 55 0 Seconds 46 0 49 0 SMITHFIELD.—This day's market exhibited but a mo derate supply of prime Beasts and Sheep, which sold ra ther briskly, but at no material alteration front last week's prices. A very great supply of Irish Porkers, which sold briskly at a trifling reduction in price. B e ef (per lb.) • 41d. to 4`d. Veal (per lb.) ',4l. to 51d. Mutton Porkers 7s. 6d. to Bs. (kt. per score. CUSTOMS' DUTIES OF LIVERPOOL..—Our readers will have observed that the customs' duties for the kingdom have presented a very gratifying increase for tke last quarter, of which, we are happy to say, this port, as usual, had ita full proportion. The augmentation here being between 80,0001. an d 90,0001., ma ki ng t h e quar ters receipt at this port so nearly the million sterling, that had not the great attraction of the steam experiments on the rail-way drawn away a considerable number of our mercantile men on Saturday, the last day of the quarter, it is very probable it would have exceeded that large' amount.—Liverpool Courier. The Countess of Liverpool, HILLS master, which arrived here on Monday, brought despatches for the Representative Of the young Queen DONNA MARIA DA GLORIA, in London. The Countess of Liverpool eluded the vigilance of the blockading squadron doling a fog.— At the time she left all the fortifications were nearly com pleted : the garrison was considered impregnable, and the troops were confident of success in the event of another. visit from Don MlGuEt's squadron. The only thing the inhabitants were in want of was wine and cloth. The Countess of Liverpool brought three passengers from the Island—one of them is a well-known female shot, whose marriage with a Portuguese Officer some time ugo excited a considerable degree of risibility.—Plymouth Journal. The Caesarean operation was performed lately on a female, thirty-three years of age, by Dr. Mit.mtn, of Luewenberg. The child was alive and healthy, and the mother recovered from the wound in forty.two Water.ford Chronicle,