The Sun. — London, England, 1869-10-23 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF TILE PUBLIC JOURNALS, The Saturday Review discusses the movement against the Bishop designate of Exeter, and observes that in this emergency Dr. Pusey is ready with a policy, and announce it with formidable distinctness, He proposes nothing less than Disestablishment. So great are the evils of bishops forced on the Church by the State, that Dr. Pusey raises the cry—almost in the form of a shriek—of a Free Church. Why? Because he thinks—and we are not blaming hint for thinking—that a Church which is not presided over by bishops of his own ideal cannot rightly guard and main tain her own true faith. Dr. Pusey can see but one remedy to prevent the recurrence of this scandal ; his only hope for the future is in a Free Disestablished Church. What then ? Dr. Pusey and the Archdeacon on the one hand will secede, and the Low Churchmen, who are coalescing with Dr. Pusey, cn the other, will secede, with such follow ings as they can muster. Even if, at the moment of sepa ration from an Established Church, the seceders present a compact phalanx, ecclesiastical history teaches us that secession means a perpetual recurrence of secessions. The Scotch secessionists have split and split again into a number of successive secessions which puzzle an enumerator of denominations, such as Mr, Horace Mann, even to reckon. The English Nonjurors soon diverged into Usagers and Nonusagers. The Jansenists have maintained neither unity nor perpetuity. Precedents are not promising for even a. compact secession. But _is the coalition between Lord Shaftesbury's party and Dr Pusey's party to be only an alliance ad hoc? or is it to be expected that as secessionists from the Era.stian Establish ment they can agree on any common ground or stable platform, of a regenerated and purer Church Merely to think of a Free Church as a parish in which the great. Earl would represent the squire and the great Doctor the parson is simply ludicrous. We do not apologise for this grotesque presentment of the Church of the Future ; but it is only by such a presentment that the folly of expect ing that two such parties as the Evangelicals and High Churchmen can sacrifice under any contingency all that they have hitherto held sacred can be adequately realised. No ; we do not believe that Dr. Pusey ever can, whatever he thinks he can do for the moment, act upon the sink •your-differences notion. And, failing this, there is nothing left for it, in the event of secession and disestablishment, -but this; not one secessionist Church, but two secessionist Churches at least; and the Church of England will hav , , been broken up, and all its usefulness and social advan tages lost—for what ? The edifying spectacle of Low Churchmen and High Churchmen flying at each other's throats, each hoisting the black flag, and neither of them deterred by the safeguards, the policies, the duties and re sponsibilities of a national Church. The Spectator declares that it is not very easy to say why everybody seems to expect Mr. Gladstone to act ,weakly, and is surprised when he acts, as he always does, with strength and pertinacity. Perhaps because everyone knows him to be a conscientious Minister—and the world , is apt to have a gentle contempt for conscience. And doubtless a scrupulous conscience such as Mr. Gladstone's ,is apt to delay decisions—sometimes unduly. A man who wants to feo his duty clearly is a long time weighing the pros and cons of the case, while a man whose conscience is chiefly in his under-jaw, like Lord Palmerston, will rap out his decision, and very 'often the right decision, without any consideration at all. But it is a vast mistake to suppose that because Mr. Glad stone ponders and hesitates with scrupulous anxiety over questions of moment, he will either come to the wrong conclusion, or be at all likely to change it when he has come to it. We are quite clear indeed, we were five weeks ago—that in this matter Mr. Gladstone's • decision is the right one. If we are to govern Ireland, as Ireland, if separate, would govern itself, or as England now governs itself, we should never for a moment entertain a question of releasing men who not only do not regret the crime of which they were guilty, but whose supporters speak of it as a merit, and are ready to cry encore if their heroes should bo released to-morrow. The "gentle and loving soul of Kickham," as Hr. Henry Matthews, the Fenian representative for Dun garvan, was pleased, if we remember rightly, to describe the spiritual principle of one of the conspirators, is still, no doubt, as gentle and loving to Fenians, and as much the reverse towards the Government, as when the body belonging to it was first immured. The language used towards the Fenian sufferers has been too often the lan guage of hearty sympathy. Even Members of Parliament like Mr.G.H.Moore have all but defended and panegyrised their action, have quite defended and panegyrised their spirit. The Government have found that to liberate prematurely the Fenian prisoners would be—not to dis tribute gunpowder through powdered glass, but to distribute sparks through gunpowder, and their evidence for this fact is the Amnesty agitation itself. The very speeches and addresses made to obtain the liberation of the prisoners were so many telling warnings to the Government not to acquiesce. Like the words of a man in deliriumwho calls out for his horse,the very sentences which urge pardon contain the amplest evidence that to grant it would be insanity. Mr. Gladstone's refusal does not come too soon; but it is admirable in tone, and will strengthen immeasurably the appreciation felt for any boon he may offer to Ireland. Ireland itself would not value justice extorted from a Minister so weak as to ignore his responsibility for Ire land's peace. From the man who has firmly refused to release the Fenians, the land measure will come with a double grace. The John Bull satirises the habit of trying to fit impos sible trifles ono into the other. The man with this tendency, in preference to going to York or Canterbury by a plain and straightforward route, will spell over, brood over, and wrangle over Bradshaw for any number of days and hours to hit on a tortuous plan through outlandish places by which he can—as he persuades himself—save five seconds on the whole day's journey, or who calculates that he will save qd. on the day's expenses—for this penny wise and pound foolish disposition is generally to be found thriving in the same soil as the other. To make the job a good one, and the tailing sufficiently exciting, servants and luggage must start from one station, the Dove and his family from another, both at different hours. The puzzle is then to commence at some station an hour or so distant from the place of embarkation: here Dovetailer and family, servants and luggage, are to nick and go on together for a short distance—the chances are either one train or the other is late, therefore the anticipated "nick " does not take place, and screw number one having given way in the altogether rickety construction, Dovetailer and family proceed on their travels, not at all rejoicing, but in an aggravated frame of mind. It is all of no use. As they near the desired goal their train moves off, and the dovetailer is left to spend four or five hours at a roadside station, ejaculating plain tively to his tired wife, " It's too bad, too bad ! all those rascally companies ; no one can be prepared for such a thing as this : you can see, my dear, if we had been able to dovetail it, as I intended, how nice it would have been !' I Then this same system is carried into everything, a drive in the carriage must be nicked or dovetailed with something, ditto every note or parcel ; life must be made so completely a Chinese puzzle, that if a shaving goes astray, the whole fabric for the day goes asunder. 11l or well, hot or cold, wet or dry, the bits must be made to fit, or the result will be that eight or ten contingencies, all hooked on to the certainty of a five minutes, the fact of opening or shutting a door, speaking or keeping silent, must all fall to the ground, and, like a rope of sand, dismember again, each into its own minute particle; but woo to the luckless right whose maladroit movement in this shaky combina tion caused the collapse, the Dove will owe him or her one for a long time to come! The Economist thinks that Vice-Chancellor James's decision on the European Assurance case settles some . important points. It suggests, however, the desirability of a system of Government inspection. Even if a winding up - had been legal, it would have manifestly been better for all concerned to have got an inquiry such as the Vice-Chan cellor suggested to the directors, and not the rough remedy of winding up, which with the conflicting affidavits before them, and the want of real knowledge of the facts, no one •could be sure was expedient. This inquiry a law permit ting a Government department to order an inspetion and issue a certificate, on the application of certain of their • • number, would have rendered possible. The protection of ,course would not be so complete as Government supervision • would profess to be ; much mischief might be done before a Government inspector could be set in motion ; but so far , as it went, the use of such an inspection would be real. A very considerable degree of precautionary security might also be obtained by the growth of a practice for good com ' panics to invite the Government inspection, so as to obtain a certificate of soundness. In the absence of any amended law, there is one thing which might be done under the rule of individual freedcm, and which might be tried •if only as an experiment. Instead cf a policy of insurance being a mere contract to pay a debt • on a contingency, might not the plan be tried of inserting a clause in addi Hen, bin c con cting compary to certain steps for purpose of fulfilling its contract? The method of an insurance company might in short be set forth by a clause in a policy, and the Courts could then take notice of - it and enforce specific performance on the contracting com pany. In such a case they might also perhaps fairly con sider, in an application for winding up, whether some de parture from the stipulated method (lid not not make it " just' and equitable" to wind up a company, having regard to the contingent liabilities ;whether the breach of contract did not make an actual liability out of them ; but probably with the power of enforcing specific performance, if the stipulatel method were sound, policy-holders Would not require to apply for a winding-up. We only throw out the hint, however, and net with any great faith of its being acted upon. To stipulate for certain stops to secure their contract may seem to insurers doubtful—on the whole, not so good as the absolute undertakns by a trusted company to pay the debt when it becomes due. But the more doubt ful it is whether anything is possible under the present law, the more necessary it will be for the Legislature to provide that remedy of Government inspection which would cztainly cure a groat many of the present evils:. THE .3/0/2 DA UNT DIVORCE CASA This case (says the Birmingham Gazctle) will come before the Lord Ordinary of tho Court of Divorce and Matri monial Causes in an interesting phase in the existing Michaelmas Term. It will I.e ,remembered that on the 27th of July a motion was made before Lord Penzance in the suit of " Mordaunt v. Mordaunt, Johnstone, and Cole," with regard to the conduct of tho case. There had been several applications in Chambers for the postponement of her ladyship's answer, mainly on the ground of her in sanity at the time she made the statements which led to the inquiries that resulted in the institution of the suit ; and in support of that plea of insanity a number of affidavits wore filed. Counter affidavits, more than a dozen in number, were filed in answer, and it was upon the conflict ing staton.ents made therein that the noble and learned lord committed the settlement of that part of the proceed ings to the decision of a special jury, so that the various deponents might bo submitted to tho ordeal of cross-exami nation, and the verity and otherwise of the averments ascer tained. The respondent has been residing at Worthing, end is e p u•ted as much improved in her mental and bodily health, so that it may be anticipated that, instead of the sensational investigation that has been ex pected in the ensuing term, the lady will be so far recovered as to filo her answer in the ordinary way. Should this be so, it is more than probable that another co-respon dent will be added to the petition ; but at all events the case has been duly set down for trial. THE ALBERT ASSURANCE COMPANY. Mr. ,Brandon applied to the Chief Clerk, in "Vice Chancellor James's Chambers on Friday on a summons for the appointment of a creditors' represen4tive. The Chief Clerk was asked to appoint Mr. Henry Chatteris. The policy-holders now attended the proceedings at their own cost, and thought a representative should be appointed to attend at the expense of the estate. Mr. Musgrave, for Messrs. Lewis and Munns, opposed the summons, on the ground that the Vice-Chancellor had appointed Messrs. Price and Young in the interest of all parties. Mr. Mackenzie suggested that a committee, consisting of the chairman of the Man chester, Yorkshire, Birmingham, and London Committees should be appointed, with Mr. Matthews, of Messrs. Grindley and Co., London) to communicate with the liquidators on behalf_of the various policy-holders which he represented. Several gentlemen representing policy-hdaers made similar applications, and the Chief Clerk said if he made an order rho did not see why every policy-holder should not make a similar request. If any gentlemen were to form themselves into a committee to communicate with the liquidators, they could do so without the consent of the court. After some further discussion, ho adjourned the matter to the judge. A summons taken out _by Mr. Hartz, on the part of Bombay policy holders for permission to be represented was heard, and the application adjourned to the Judge. An application was heard on the part of Miss Cecilia Willett, a policy holder in the Western Life Assurance Society. The applicant stated that that society since 1862 was amalgamated with the Albert, and the object of the application was to obtain the production of certain deeds and documents of the society in order to see whether the application was a:proper one. The Chief Clerk said there could be no objection on reasonable grounds, and granted the present applica tion. LAW AID POLICE'. DOG-CATCHING By THE POLICE.—The case of Mackenzie, a respectable man who was indicted for assaulting the police in the execution of their Onty, has been heard at the Middlesex Sessions. It will be remembered that the police seized a clog in SpitaMelds, which the prisoner, who came up, claimed. The constable insisted he should go to the station and produce his licence, whereupon the defen dant endeavoured to recover his dog, and a struggle en sued. A largo crowd assembled, and after some difficulty, Mackenzie was taken to the station-house, where he pro- duced his licence, but was charged with assaulting the police, and afterwards committed for trial on bail. The case occupied some time at the sessions, and a good deal of evidence was taken. The counsel for the defence assumed a very angry tone, and a good deal of interrup tion occurred. The Judge interfered two or three times, and remonstrated with the contending counsel, telling them that if gentlemen of the bar did not know how to behave themselves, he could not come down and shake them like schoolboys ! Among the witnesses for the defence was John Felix, who described himself as a clown, and said he exhibited dogs, monkeys, and ponies. He was very fond of dogs, and interfered on their behalf when he saw them ill used. Questioned as to the whereabouts of his things, he said they were in pawn in Erick-lane. The jury returned a -.Tillie:. of not guilty, giving the prisoner, they said, the benefit of the doubt. 21—N .A_NGnx LADv.—A well dressed woman, who gave the name of Mary Czarly, surrendered to her bail, to answer a charge of disorderly conduct in Choapside. She had been taken into custody by a constable, who saw her standing talking with some friends at one o'clock in the morning, and was discharged no evidence being given against her. The only noticeable feature in the case was the indignation of the accused, who described herself as the wife of a commercial traveller, and said she had a house of her own and should not have been interfered with. She kept on interrupting the constable with exclamations of " You wicked creature,"" You shall suffer for this," &c., and finally declared that whatever she might have to pay he would have:to pay double. When discharged, she left the court vowing vengeance against him. A FORTUNE-TELLER.—A respectable man applied to the magistrate at the Lambeth Police-court for advice, under very distressing circumstances. He had been married for ten years, and had lived happily with his wife until lately, when a sudden change came over her, and she left home, being induced to do so by a fortune-teller, who had led away others. He had seen his wife and begged her to come home, but she seemed afraid to do so, and appeared partially deranged. They had five children, The magi strate gave directions to an officer of the court to make an inquiry into the matter. THE Bunaranr AT REGENT'S PARK.—A man named Byworth was charged at Lambeth with a burglary at Cornwall-terrace, Regent's Park. A great quantity of valuable property was found on his premises at Westmin ster, which was believed to be stolen, and owners have now come forward to identify it. Among these was Lieutenan General Sir George Brooke, who recognised a gold watch stolen from him in Waterloo-place last June. It was stated that a locket had been identified which formed part of the property stolen at Stockwell Park, when £lOO worth of goods were carried off. There is still a large amount of property unclaimed. The prisoner was remanded. A QUESTION port THE CASUISTS.—A Jewish married couple in Prague were lately converted to the Roman Catholic faith, and wishing, with the zeal of neophytes, to leave the past entirely behind them, they resolved to separate, and applied to the Episcopal Vicar in Prague for a divorce. To their great disappointment they were informed that as marriage is accounted a sacrament in the Roman Catholic Church the nuptial tie was indisso luble. The postulants, however, did not lose their presence of mind, but after their momentary discomfiture replied that a marriage celebrated by a Jewish rabbi could not be regarded as a sacrament by a Catholic clergyman. This argument was unanswerable, and at last the Episcopal Vicar declared the marriage might be dissolved, but only by a rabbi ; which accordingly took place. This is truly a case to make " soundest casuists doubt." A CHINESE NEWSPAPER.—The visitor to Pekin may perhaps be surprised to learn that, with a little trouble, he may find himself in a newspaper office. Yet the Chinese city boasts its public newspaper—the Pekin Gazette—and has a special department in which books, bookbinders, and wood-engravers congregate. The Gazette has several offices, the copy being furnished by the Govern ment ; but the offices for printing are all private, and are supported by the profits of the publication, a certain sum being paid annually to the Government. There is an official written copy prepared for the great officers. Tho copies for the public are less full, and are printed with the movable wooden types used in China. The cases of wooden ••haracters are ranged against the walls of the office, being arranged in the cases according to the number of strokes 'hey contain. Such words as "imperial edict" which are frequently in use are kept together. Last century there v. ere copper movable types in the palace, and at the 'eginning of the present century, wax tablets were used 'or printing the Gazette. The wooden types came into use about 1820. At Hong Kong metal type is used, but at Pekin they do not appear to have sufficient enterprise to import it. The Gazette consists vholly of edicts and memorials, and it would be ,n unheard of thing to add a comment upon them. rt i s very fairly written, as the Chinese system of educe -don is adapted to prepare the student for the composition .f State papers. The Emperor, who has the first view of the manuscript Gazette, signifies by a mark what shall an.,.1 shall not be made public. Neat it passes through the hands of the Cabinet, great caution being exercised. Many docu. :rents of interest which never appear in the Gazette are circulated by means of private copies. A greater number are never known beyond the circle of the Government. If' outsiders want the full written Gazette they can obtain I' near the Palace gate by paying a large sum. The bcok store and printing department of the Imperial Palace at P okbi have lately been destroyed by fire. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1869. to buy a mansion. Finally, he got the unsusp6ctW, carpet manufacturer to change a couple of £5 cheques. These notei were discovered to be fictitious, the soi disant colonel turned out to be a baronet who had already made acquaintance with the hospitality of the British col; and the carpet manufacturer had no alternative but to bring him before the magistrate. The victim is hardly likely to see his money again; it went in hotel bills. The investigation of the charge was postponed. THE QUEEN. A. very remarkable report—something unprece, dented—comes from the city. The opening dk Blackfriars Bridge and the Irolborn Viaduct by the Queen surely furnished a fair pretext for a grand aldermanic " spread," but the London magnates will not avail themselves of it ! It has been positively de cided that there shall be no entertainment whatever on this occasion. The ceremonies on the 6th of November are to be purely utilitarian. The Common Council has not required a procession of unemployed workmen to remind it that a period of depression and of great misery amongst the poor is not best suited for imposing displays and gorgeous banquets. It is eighteen years since the Queen last paid a State visit to the City. TIE PRINCE OF WALES AND THE NONCONFORMISTS. Royalty has recognised Nonconformity : the frince of Wales has written a letter to the Dissenters of Chester. During the visit of his Royal Highness to the cathedral city an address from the united sects was presented him. To this a formal reply has been sent by the Prince's secretary. Thanks aro given for the address; acknowledgments are returned of the professions of loyalty ; and reference is made to the revered memory of the Prince Consort, which "cannot be held in greater veneration by the memorialists than it is by his Royal Highness, and lie devoutly prays that the virtues which distin guished his illustrious father may be the one object of ambition to the future occupant of the throne of these realms." Finally, " his Royal Highness sin cerely participates in your appreciation of civil and religious liberty, and of the just laws by which alone they can be secured for the benefit and happiness of the country." MR. GLADSTObrE AND THE FENIAN PRISONERS. In his letter to the Limerick Amnesty Committee, refusing to set the Fenian prisoners at liberty, Mr. Gladstone expresses a hope that legislation will yet bind in harmony all classes of the Irish people, but adds that the Government is resolved to maintain the authority of the law and the integrity of the Empire. The release of the Fenians would not be consistent with this determination. Some of the amnesty meetings, says the Premier, were loyal and peaceable, but other© were marked by language calculated to justify or eulogise the conduct of the prisoners; also that what could only be an act of clemency of the Sovereign was de manded as a right. Mr. Gladstone has, too, failed to discover that these misguided men have abandoned their designs; it is also known that the Fenian con spiracy is not extinct in the United Kingdom or in. America; and certain journals meanwhile, it is un happily notorious, continue to maintain a tone which must engender discontent and disaffection in Ireland, and cause social and political dangers. TILE IRISH CHURCH. The clergy of the disestablished Irish Church have made another important concession to the laity. At a meeting of ministers, convened by the Archbishop of Dublin, it was resolved by a large majority that the laity should have the right to decide on matters of doctrine and discipline. This power, added to the command of the purse which the laity possess, will make their influence in the governing body almost paramount. THE CONSERVATIVES LN NORTH-EAST LANCASHIRE. The inauguration of the New church Conservative Association has been celebrated in North-East Lan cashire by a meeting, at which Mr. J. Maden Holt, M.P. for the division, and Mr. Fielden, M.P. for the Eastern division of the West Riding, spoke. The latter directed his atten tion chiefly to the grievance of centralisation, by means of which, he declared, the Whigs were deter mined to get the whole nation "in their grip a n d power." Mr. Fielden has a special antipathy to union workhouses, which are, it seems, one of the bitte res t fruits of centralisation. That those institutions are not perfect a suffering public knows too well ; but it does not appear that the hon. gentleman had any remedy to propose. He, however, holds in general that local authorities should be left to manage their own affairs uncontrolled by the cen tral Government. No doubt some startling results would follow the adoption of such a policy ; for instance, what substantial benefits would have been secured to the parish of St. Pancras if its guardians had been free from control ! 'How quickly the district would have been freed from sick paupers ! Mr. Holt addressed himself to Free Trade, and advo cated the necessity of a thorough inquiry into its effects. ELECTION OF BISHOPS. The Law Journal holds that as the function of the Dean and Chapter in the matter of electing bishops is purely formal they can incur no responsibility as to the character of prelates. The law on the subject is very clear. The Act (2.5 Henry VIII., c. 20) sets forth that the Sovereign may grant a license to the Dean and Chapter to elect an Archbishop or Bishop ; that with the license is to be sent a letter missive, -..ontaining the name of the person to be elected; that he person so named is to be elected " and none other;" that if the election is delayed for twelve Mays after the delivery of the letter missive, the sovereign can nominate by letters patent under the Great Seal. If, therefore, Dr. Temple is unorthodox, Rio blame can attach to the Dean and Chapter for electing him ; whilst on the other hand, if they refuse :o con - firm the Premier's nomination, they clearly break the law. This the legal paper thinks they ought not to do ; but if they cannot comply with the law without violating their consciences troy ought to resign their posts. • A BISHOP OF OXFORD TESTIMONIAI. The Bishop of Oxford, though about the best- Asused bishop on the episcopal bench, is yet one of the most popular. It is not surprising, therefore, to hear that an attempt is to be made to present him with a testimonial. Dr. Wilberforce's energy and force of character have always excited resport, though his aptitude for evading theological controversies— not altogether an evil thing in a chief pastor —;has been condemned by those with whom his views do not agree. His rule over his diocese has been an undoubted success ; and it is pro posed to recognise this fact by a penny or shilling testimonial. The poor are invited to join with the rich in doing honour to their bishop. As yet, how -61-ryr, nothing has been done ; a suggestion is made, but nothing beyond. • THE MANCHESTER' RAILWAY ACCIDENT. We record elsewhere an accident happily not fatal in its results, which took . place on Thursday, near Manchester. The story is the usual one ; into a luggage train late in shunting, an express going at the rate of forty miles an hour dashed with great destructive results. We are told of much goods of the railway company destroyed, of carriages smashed, and engines damaged; but they are nothing to the shaking of all and the serious injury to some of the passengers. Now this, according to present appearances, is only another instance of the , evils of the present shunting system. The least time possible for moving a large luggage train seems to be universally adopted on our rail ways. The officials enjoy the daily excitement of racing with time ; and pleasant it must be, occasion after occasion, to get the lumbering trucks out of the way before the rushing express comes by. A porter in such a position must feel a benefactor to his race, for he has saved life. But sometimes—pretty frequently of late—he misses his mark; and then accidents occur, like those at Longsight. The shaken passen gers write to the papers asking "Who's to blame ? " They characterise the accident as a wanton attempt to destroy life, and demand that a luggage train shall never again be shunted so nearly to the time of an express train. But what does it profit ? The railway com panies ignore all arguments except heavy damages and so the accidents go on. HABITUAL CRIMINALS. The tenth clause of the Habitual Criminals Act enables magistrates to inflict penalties upon persons who " knowingly permit and suffer thieves to meet and assemble "in their houses. A woman named Gilligan, who kept an " abominable den" in Shadwell, has just been distinguished as the first and deserving recipient of punishment under this clause. This person has herself undergone a sentence of three years penal servitude, and has been suspected of murder. She lived with a notorious thief who had been frequently convicted of felony; several of her lodgers were professional. thieves ; her house was regularly employed as a drink shop during forbidden hours. It was time in deed that this nest of guilt was disturbed, and by the agency of the new law the police have been able to interfere. The woman has been sent to prison for two months in default of paying a fine of £lO. She may resume business on getting out of gaol, but the Act will still visit her misdeeds with punishment. Without the ne w measure th e Sh a d we ll d en m i g h t still have flourished in undiminished splendour. TRE BIGAMIST BARONET. Sir Eardley Culling Eardley, Bart., has been released from prison to some purpose. Not very long ado he was serving a term of imprisonment on con viction for bigamy. Representations were mad© that the frail penitent was in bad health; the statement excited the sincerest sympathy of the Home Secretary ; and he was released by a free pardon. But his repentance has not lasted long ; for on Thursday the " honourable " baronet was again in the clutches of the law. Ho was before the alderman who sits at 6-guildhall, charged with obtaining money under false pretences. In want either of money or of some mischief whereby to employ himself, ho endeavoured to, and succeeded in, passing under a false name two fictitious cheques drawn on a branch o f th e L on d on an d County Bank which has no existence. His victim was a carpet manufacturer ; to him Sir Eardley introduced himself as Lieutenant-Colonel Lefevre. and said he was 001112 MR. GOSCIIEN AND THE GUARDIANS. The President of the Poor-law Board has found active employment immediately on his return to offi cial duties. The long-pending field-day between him and the St. Pancras Guardians came off on Thursday, and resulted in the complete discomfiture of the latter. The Board waited upon Mr. Goschen chiefly to ask his aid in getting rid of that sore burden to the parish, the new infirmary at High gate. About a year ago the benighted series of guardians who preceded the present Board conceived the idea that the accommo dation for the sick poor of St. Pancras was very in adequate, and accordingly proceeded to erect a new building, where they would be treated properly. This monstrous notion of providing such luxurious accom modation for paupers was indignantly resented by a majority of the ratepayers, who speedily elected a Board of very different propensities—men fully con vinced that the sick poor now had all that they could wish for, and that a new infirmary was a useless expense. Unfortunately for the good intentions of these gentlemen, the new building is now nearly finished, and the calamity of having a good house for the infirm paupers stares the parish in the face. Hence the guardians appealed to Mr. Goschen to help them in averting it. They did not, however, meet with much syen pathy. The Poor-law President believes it to be a fact that the present accommodation is indifferent ; but the guardians are convinced that St. Pancras is marked out as a victim by all the other metro politan parishes, and that hordes of paupers are driven into their sick wards from every quarter — probably on account of the admirable arrangements at St. Pancras. The To has more than its proper share of sick poor. To this ingenious plea Mr. Goschen answered on Thursday that as a matter of fact there were fewer sick in St. Pancras than in the metropolis generally, and yet the present accommoda tion was too small. Whereupon the guardians gave up the use of logic, and had recourse to more familiar weapons. In answer to further pertinent inquiries, especially as to whether offensive cases were not sometimes treated in the infirm wards, these worthy representatives informed the president that " they had not come to go into that." Mr. Goschen then informed the deputation that they had better amend their ways, forget the past, and conduct themselves decently in future. They had brought the discipline of their workhouse to " sixes and sevens," they had acted vindictively against an assistant who had displeased them, and they had so endeavoured to sus pend officers who had given evidence against their views that their power of suspension had. been taken away. Though St. Pancras was a parish in which there were many poor, the accommodation provided for the sick and poor was deplorably 1 l ow the average. The guardians went their way, havin g gained nothing, and—judging by their interruptions of Mr. Geschen—in no way reformed. VILLAGE HOSPITALS. A very interesting experiment is being tried at Speen, in Berkshire. The Rev. 11. W. 111 - ajendie, the vicar, has just erected a neat village hospital for the reception of poor persons suffering from accident or disease. It will contain six or seven beds, and the general management will be entrusted to a nurse of experience in the London Hospitals. The medi cal- men of the neighbourhood will attend the patients. Every article required for furnishing the hospital has been gratuitously supplied by the parishioners, some of the poor people being contributors to the Atent of their means. The example deserves imitation. Such institutions must, in the langua g e of prefaces, "sup ply a long-felt want." Hitherto the principal, if not the only, resource for the agricultural labourer in time of sickness was to drop into the workhouse. PHYSIOLOGY FOB, WOMEN. Miss Faithfull's debating, society for women, held at the Victo r i a I ns tit u t e , does not confine itself to mere discussion. It. obtains lectures in favour of women culture. Dr. Lankester, the well-known coroner and writer on health, discoursed on Thursday evening, and argued for the necessity of physiology being taught to women. Typhus fever is abroad, he said. Who will prevent it ? Had chil dren been taught the laws of health they would, as men and women, know how to avoid disease. Indeed he thought the science of physiology to be a more important study than reading and writing ; that is to say, facts relating to health were more beneficial as imparted to the human mind than any other. - The knowledge of simple things, of the blessings of pure air, and the necessity for . the constancy of it ; of th e d ea dl y e ff ec t s o f b a d drains ; of the injurious results of continually burning gas jets, consuming all tho oxygen in close rooms— these facts and others like them were really necessary to he known. FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE. The Warwickshire magistrates, in quarter sessions, have appointed a committee from their own body to enforce the provisions of the Cattle Diseases Act in cash petty sessional division. Some remedial mea sures were much needed in this county. Only two petty sessional divisions are now free from the foot and mouth disease, which, in little more than a month, has assailed 2,565 cattle. Sixty of these have died. In Cumberland and Westmoreland the plague is very violent, apparently more fatal than in c o g . parts of the country. Tim CANADIAN DOMINION. Before the end of November in all probability the transfer of the North-West Territory from the Hudson's Bay Company to Canada will be finally completed. A meeting of the company will be held next month, and all details will be arranged before hand. The Canadian Government will take posses sion of the territory, and will hand over the indemnity _B3oo,ooo—to the company, so that the money may be divided ainon ,, st the shareholders at once ; if a division be azrepd It is rumoured that the Emperor has been affected by the sudden change of the weather, has suffered a slight relapse, and that Dr. Nelaton has been sent for to Compiegne. There have been as yet no official invitations to the Imperial residence, and only a few are received by special favour. It is said that the note in the Journal Officiel concerning the article in the Pays was inserted in consequence of the complaints addressed by Prince Napoleon, who telegraphed from Prangins on the subject. hear that the Empress is likely to pass through Vienna. or_ her return from the East; she will probably invite the Emperor and Empress of Austria to visit Paris, ' I 'HE CHARGE 0111 SCUTTLING A SHIP. ~-___.. At the Mansion House, on Thursday, Thomas 13ulman, late master of the ship Old England, was charged with scuttling that vessel. There had been a Board of Trade inquiry, and the prisoner's certificate had been can celled. Mr. George Lewis, who appeared for the prisoner, said that it was intended to put the carpenter into the dock as an, accomplice if he could be found. —Bernard Hanlon, a seaman on board the Old England, said six days before the vessel was abandoned she was pumped every hour, and the pumps always sucked. To his knowledge the pumps were not worked after 8 p.m. on the Saturday, and the ship was abandoned on the following day. A few days before this some of the crew suggested to the prisoner that the vessel should be taken into some port on account of hor leaks ; but the accused said he did not know a nearer part than Ascension. Witness mentioned that Pernambuco was neared at nine p.m. on the Saturday. Witness and some other seamen went to the pumps, but the prisoner, who was on the poop, would not allow them to be worked.—Thomas Wilson, another sea man, gave corroborative evidence. He and some others told. the captain if the ship was not put in port and repaired she would not get round the Cape.—After further evidence of a like nature, the case was adjourned till Monday. SHIPPING DISASTERS. On Tuesday night, during the height of the hurricane, two vessels in Yarmouth Roads were observed to part from their anchors. The St. Nicholas light ship sent up rockets, and the vessels exhibited flares, but they wero speedily lost to view. Of their ultimate fate nothing is known, but it is feared they may have been caught on the dangerous Scroby Sands, and that all hands have perished. The beach on Wednesday morning was strewn with wreckage. At Wells, Norfolk, four vessels were lost, and numerous wrecks on the same coast are reported. , Several ships are missing of whose fate nothing is known. A telegram from Yarmouth states that the French vessel Irma, of Cherbourg, founded in Carton roadstead in the gale on Tuesday night, and all on board were lost with the exception of the captain and one sailor, who were landed at Yarmouth this morning. A report from Dunna Nook, Lincolnshire, states that the gale has continued to rage fearfully. A schooner, supposed to be French, has gone ashore, and all attempts to save her crew of seven or eight men, either with the lifeboat, or with the mortar apparatus, have unhappily proved useless. Two brigs also stranded during the night ; all hands saved except the pilot. There cannot be less than eighty shipwrecked sailors here. Altogether there have been eight complete wrecks, and the beach is literally covered with stores, timber, oil casks, &d. The loss of the Brittauia is contradicted by her arrival at Leith ELECTIONEERING DODGES. (From the Anglo American Times) Those who watch the current of events in the United States and are interested in the honour and reputation of the Republic, are pained to observe how regularly important State elections are preceded by a torrent of abuse poured on the leading mem bers of the Federal Administration, more especially on its head—the PRESIDENT. The last event of exciting interest, the Great Gold Gamble, has been so eagerly seized, and so ingeniously woven through his brother-in-law, into a connection with himself, that General GP.ANT has been compelled, publicly, to disclaim that connection, through the columns of the New York Ledger. The difficulty of choosing the right path may be illustrated by the fact that honest and leading papers in America urged a pub lic denial, while leading papers in London as honestly thought that the PRESIDENT had compromised him self by making that denial. The rule on which General GRANT has acted, under provocation on this side is little appreciated, has been to take no notice 11 hatever of newspaper reports and comments; but he, on one or two occasions, has been driven out of his reserve, and notably in this instance. Our ' readers will get some idea of the state of the case who peruse the story as we tell it, and there is no denying that many well-informed persons believe in Mr. CORBIN'S complicity, to which Fisx and others swear. But what Mr. CORBIN'S acts have to do with the PRESIDENT we are at a loss to un derstand, for it by no means follows as borne in the case of mothers-in-law that a man who marries brings on his shoulders brothers-in-law, or that the man his sister accepts for a husband should ride him like the Old Man of the Mountain. What with Judge DENT and Mr. CORBIN, and Dr. SIIARPE, the President, would have " quite a nice time," but, fortunately for him, the world believes he has enough to do to answer to his own people for his own conduct. That General GRANT in his late summer travels has been thrown into the society of some disreputable individuals is more the misfor tune of his position than his fault personally. That JAMES FISK. (junior) should often manage to secure an interview, might be expected, when the PRESI DENT travelled over his railroad, or took a state room in his steamer, or a box at his opera. On such occasions Mr. FISK would naturally be present, and,knowing his unbounded impudence, it can readily be believed that he might suggest to one unacquainted with trade like GRANT a prior intimation to himself of the intended policy of the Treasury. This, on the PRESIDENT'S own showing, he did do; and he did what was more infamous. He used these in- , terviews to insinuate an u n derstanding between himself and the PRESIDENT, as well as to hint that while Mr. CORBIN was at the bottom of the con spiracy, he was acting with the knowledge, and under the protection, of the PRESIDENT himself. The men who engineered, and eventually, like scum, came up to the surface of the movement, were con nected with Tammany ; and it was pretty evident what the tools were with which FISK and his party worked; yet no sooner had the bubble burst than this very Tammany and the Democratic organs attempted to attach to the PRESIDENT and the Trea sury Department these disgraceful proceedings, that they might use them in stumping the States of Pennsylvania and Ohio. To appreciate the diffi culty of the question as it came before the PRESIDENT and the Secretary of the Treasury, it is necessary to try to realize the position in which they were placed. Here was this intrigue, successful to an extent by which it vas disorganizing the trade of the country, directed against the interests of honest merchants, while it was in the power of the Trea sury to break it down. To break it down was to depart front the sound rules which regulate finance, to depart from the distinct promise given of timely and public notice when the policy of the' reasury was to be changed, and to take a direct and effective part in the demoralizing struggle of speculators. On the other hand, to allow a band of robbers to sweep the earnings of the nation into their own pockets by a means so detestable and in the broad daylight, while the power of arresting them remained in the Secretary's hand, would argue a complicity which would most certainly be effectually used against the party of the Administration in the coming elections. By a momentary departure from a sound rule a blow might be administered which would save many hard-working traders from ruin, and knock all the profits out of the schemers in a way which might, at least for the present, be asobering lesson to them. The journals were divided on the subject, the one urging the Government to take no part whatever in the disreputable strife ; the other set regarding it as little less than complicity to allow such plots to culminate in the ruin of families when a word could not only demolish them but enable the Government to sell its surplus gold at an extraordinary and unlooked-for profit. When Mr. BOUTWELL waited on the PRESIDENT, leaving in his office piles of telegrams from agonized mer chants, urging him to break down this horrible con spiracy to profit by their ruin, the PRESIDENT sug gested the sale of $5,000,000 of gold. Secretary BOUTWELL was about to advise the sale of $3,000,000, the decision being the immediate order to General BUTTERFIELD to offer $4,000,000. Whether the PRESIDENT was wise or foolish in his conception of his duty in this extremity is a fair matter for dis cussion; many sound financiers think he was wrong, while Mr. BOUTWELL undoubtedly regards the course he took as in the highest degree exceptional,being dic tated by imperative necessity. Such is not our point, but the manifest fact that in giving this order thePRE sIDENT was breaking down the Erie and Tammany clique, which this very Erie and Tammany clique asserts had been set in motion by himself. Here is a contradiction so glaring that it would require evidence of the very strongest character to sub stantiate it, instead of the assertion of two associa tions ranking at the head of every thing disreput able in America. A wise man he would be who, disregarding a great reputation, an unequalled position, set in motion a low conspiracy to rob the merchants of New York, using the National Trea sury as his means, and when it had culminated to a success, using that Treasury as the means of knock ing that conspiracy on the head, whereby to wreck first his great name, next his high post, third his fortune and that of his coadjutors, and finally to affix an indelible stigma on the institutions of that country which had so generously trusted in him, and requite the confidence of his fellow-citizens with the blackest ingratitude. We discuss this subject simply to bring it to the reductio ad absurdam to which such a discussion must inevit ably lead, as well as show to our English readers bow little is the reliance to be placed in the calumnies concocted in the United States for electioneering purposes ; but so offensive is such a charge in con nection with such a name that we might have hesi tated to do so had not the PRESIDENT himself set us the example. There are two noteworthy points in this scandal—the one is the reward the press of the United States has obtained for lending itself to the circulation of the shameful calumnies by which poli ticians desire to affect elections. It is next to impossible now for that press to make any strong impression. A story which, if circulated of an English Minister in the English press, would break him like a reed, however powerful in reputation, fortune, and rank, unless disproved, may be passed with contempt by an American Minister when cir culated of him ; and press censure seems only to tickle and amuse men like FISK. In English so ciety persons who had earned his notoriety would be driven from the haunts of their fellows. He could not operate on the London Stock Exchange, nor would respectable men of business enter into any contracts with him, while the community generally would make him everywhere feel that he was under the ban of their displeasure. In the way strength is taken out of alcohol and value out of Railway Stock, the utility has been extracted from the cen sure of the American press—it has been so " wa tered' that it has no strength, and thus has its in fluence been lost. The other is a warning to re spectable men to beware of their associates. Every one knows that to enter into FISK'S schemes is to become involved in danger ; and every one might have guessed that in case of failure such men would turn round as unscrupulously to betray their asso ciates as to ruin for their own benefit innocent mer chants. It is probable that the PRESIDENT will be more cautious hereafter in discussing any subject with such people. AMERICAN AFFAIRS. (From the Anglo-American Times.) Messrs. Keller, Wallis, and Postlethwaite, to further the design of establishing Southampton as the import depot for American produce to London, have opened an office in the metropolis at 16 and 17, King William -street. Through the medium of the great steam fleet, of which they are agents, New York, Baltimore, and New Orleans already direct a considerable export to Southampton, and shortly this will be increased by a West Indian line, for which some of the finest steamers yet con structed are building at Greenock, to commence plying next autumn. By this means tbewhole range of the North American coast will be made to con verge on Southampton as a centre, to reach London over the South Western Railway. The trade is increasing with a rapidity which fully justifies the anticipations of the North German Lloyd Com pany, to whose enterprise Southampton, and even London, will be indebted. The Frankfurt left New Orleans last Wednesday, the first homeward steamer of the line, and she is expected to take her depar ture from Ilavana on the 24th inst., and may be ex pected at Southampton about the 7th November. At present the boats to the Crescent City do not pay, but the rapid resuscitation of the South may be expected to work a change, and we hope will then give a fair remuneration to both those great and enterprising companies which do so much credit to North Germany. Another scheme for equalising the greenback dollar with the silver dollar in the United States has been propounded. It consists of reducing the quan tity of silver from 285 grains to 200, which would equalize in value the metal and the paper. This is a return to the old expedients, by which a Richard Coaur deLion and such like Sovereigns were enabled to make money go far. Even the gentle Ilindoo, shrewd as he is, when he gets a chance cannot re sist " clipping" and " sweating ;" but somehow or other these hard dry fellows who preach economic truth maintain that it does not pay. The honest discharge of national obligations is more clearly a wise policy with a nation than the honest discharge of obligations is with an individual, because the accompanying gain in credit to a nation is inter minable, to an individual limited ; and if it pays within the ordinary life of a man, how much more will it during the lifetime of a nation. We grant that there is a fascination in this " clipping" and "sweat ing," which may require an effort to resist, just as a person on the brink of a precipice feels au im pulse to hurl himself down, though his senses may teach him there is nothing to be gained i❑ the act. The London Standard says, " that in the absence of activity in the New York markets some of the leading operators propose to transfer their talents to Bartholomew-lane. Indeed, it has been gravely asserted that the initiative has already been taken by one or two of these worthies, and that they have entered into arrangements to assist in influencing the prices of several of our fancy' securities. They may be successful for a time, but if they at tempt to carry out important transactions they may discover their inability to govern the market and thus increase their losses." The Erie clique are declared to have agents in London, who, it is an nounced, have lately been the principal sellers of the Erie shares ; that the old " up and down rig" is again in full swing, and that their advantage is derived from their earlier information from Wall street. After regular hours in New York consider able business takes place, especially in exciting times, and the changes which then occur are known by these agents at the opening hours of the London Stock Exchange the next morning, while the public only learn them when business has closed, or next morning. Any alterations occurring after 4 p.m. would not be telegraphed so as to appear in the London morning papers; but there is no reason why the message—sent say at 6 p.m. from New Yolk—should not be under the operator's pillow in London when he went to sleep that night; and he would be doing business on the London Stock Ex change the next morning before his confederate in New York was up, while by well timing his mes sage?, the confederate would learn how the London market had been influenced during the day as he appeared in Wall-street. Active agents and a free use of the telegraph are the speculator's greatest aids. If what the Standard says be true, the Stock Exchange must either get full and early informa tion, or jobbers will be unable to operate iu such Stocks as the Erie. Postmaster-General Creswell has opened nego tiations with the British Post-office Department for a further reduction of the letter postage between the United States and Great Britain. The charge was reduced from one shilling to sixpence, and what Mr. Creswell now proposes is to lower it still further, to threepence or six cents, the alteration to take effect from the Ist January next. In view of the memorial sent through the American Minister in London and the strong expression in both countries in favour of cheap international postage, Mr. Creswell's action is taken with a fair prospect of success. At any rate, if it fails it will not be the fault of the Wash ington Administration, and to the Republic belongs the credit of assuming the initiative in this important matter. The Hartford Courant of the 7th instant con tained the following letter from Mrs. Stowe : " TO THE EDITOR OF THE COURANT. "Sir,--Mrs. Stowe desires the friends of justice and fair dealing to publish for her this announcement. That she has kept silence heretofore in regard to the criticism on her article on Lady Byron for two reasons. First, be cause she regarded the public mind as in too excited a state to consider the matter dispassionately ; and second, because she has expected the developments of ad ditional proofs in England, some of which, of great importance, have already come to hand. Mrs. Stowe is preparing a review of the whole matter, with further facts and more documents, including several letters of Lady Byron to her, attesting the vigour and soundness of her mind at the period referred to, and also Mrs. Stowe's own letters to Lady Byron at the same time, which were returned to hor by the executors soon after that lady's death. She will also give the public a full account of the circumstances and reasons which led her to feel it to be her duty to make this disclosure as an obligation alike of justice, gratitude, and personal friendship." Mrs. Stowe will have more to do in answering hostile criticism than she was aware of when she wrote as above. An Article in the last Quarterly Re view has almost settled the question ; and it is now generally accepted that Lady Byron had talked her self into the belief of a story which was as untrue as it was monstrous. A person in the position of Lady Byron would naturally have attractions for an au thoress who had then attained to considerable fame, and we can understand the two women being drawn together, and the one imbibing as truth the delu sion entertained by the other. Lady Byron be lieved the story when this friendship was formed, and Mrs. Stowe believed her ; and told the tale as she received it. The consequence has been a great outcry and a torrent of abuse poured on the head of the American authoress ; but she has been the means of eliciting the truth, and clearing Byron's memory from whispers so injurious to his reputa tion. If Mrs. Stowe has failed in her effort to paint her friend in an angelic form, she has at least re moved some of the unsightly marks which dis figured the reputation of one of England's greatest poets ; and the sooner the controversy is now dropped the better, for the publication of further letters of Lady Byron's can have no further influ ence than to confirm the belief in that lady's hallucination. General Adam Badeau, Secretary of the United States Legation in London, has reached 'Washing ton, bearing, according to the New York papers, important despatches. He travelled, via Dublin and Queenstown, where he embarked on board the Cunard steamer China, which arrived at New York on the Gth October, when he proceeded to the Brevoort House, and on the evening of the 7th continued his journey to the seat of Government. We would like to know, but we confess we do not know, what took so important a personage in such a hurry to the ear of the President ; but we hear it is only private affairs. We feel that matters of deep interest to both nations are, or rather ought to be, in progress of negotiation, and it is, or might be, equally evident that his Excellency, the present Minister, warned by the experience of his prede cessor, carries out these negotiations in profound silence, not with a flourish of trumpets and the waving of banners, and all the other means by which Mr. Reverdy Johnson managed to fix on ' himself the eyes of his countrymen while engage in proceedings peculiarly obnoxious to them. The Naples and Florence Observer tells us that strong efforts are being made to induce the American Mediterranean and Oriental Company to touch a t Brindisi. The supplementary mail from England to India was for the first time sent through that por t on the 2nd inst. A dry floating dock as well as other improvements have been projected, and as the har bour isgood, and on the direct road to Alexandria, th e port will doubtless become a most important Italiail shipping station. When the Mont Ceuis tunnel open it will be brought within! two days of London' and as the steamers run to Alexandria in less than four the dis tan ce to Egypt will thus be sho: tened. T he American Mediterranean and Oriental CoulPa ll may commence plying earlier than anticipated, 3° they are in treaty with the 'Washington Governilleri for the purchase of three first-class fast steaule r° ordered before the close of the war, and now uen tlir ready for service. Of these there are eight o r teD, and it is likely the company may at once get ihr e d ' with more hereafter, as a board has been appoints to value the steamers, and so enable the Govern • meet to reply to the offer of the company. The Cuba question assumes another phase in America notwithstanding the efforts of the IV ci f York Tribune. Very unpleasant letters have been received from the Americans serving with the W ar ; gents. All the pro m i ses made, although we can not understand what promises these patriots could r e• quire, have been broken, except that of putting til e into the van to sustain every shock of battle. T he worst of it is that the Americans who escape,.% chances of war are often assassinated by their Cuban allies ; and there is reason to beli a t that some truth is contained in the repor t via Madrid, that there is treachery in the r e• bed camp. It was sa id th a t th e C u b ans Wer e in alliance with the Republicans in Spain, in vi l3°s l success they were g u aran t ee d i n d epen d ence ; they had aided the cause with money ; hence in the suppression of that risi ng a bl ow h as b een de' against the freedom of Cuba. Three steamers with heavy reinforcements Ihad arrived at llavanah fr oi- Cadiz, but on the other hand the steamer Aiabcon (/ ' with the Cuban privateers Lilian and Teaser, carry' ing 1,000 men,artill er y, sma ll arms an d ammun iti° o ; had sailed for C u b a , an d b r i s k vo l unteer i n g 11 going on along the southern coast, 5,000 men beint if the reports (which we doubt) be true, are rev ol for embarkation. Although the correspondeuto the London papers no w s p ea k o f th e Cuban 13-I(rie, ment in America as having fallen into conteuS a reaction may at any moment be expected. , t o e t correspondent in the Daily New s a sser t s that Ab e absorbed in acquiring r i c h es care little the acquisition of the isl an d, an d procee d s to wr ite i‘ , in a to n e o f con t emp t f or t h e h er d o f dingy-11v ing, d r i n ki ng , smo ki ng patr i ots, who form go Cuban junta; the contrast between whose "' n niloquent boasts and f r othy d ee d s h as a li en ated ; e sympathy for th em ." Whil e a d m i tt i ng this / to maintain that the feeling continues strongly jo , favour Cuban independence, for it embodies a P r ri , ciple which is seld om li g h t l y treate d by Aujethe cans. The Court at Wilmington lib e rated : e a Hornet or Cuba, but the naval authorities the steamer, arrested her officers, and turns, the crew ashore. George Davi s , th e l a t e Attorn e l o , General of the Confedera c y, was one o f the c ° , u lo sel for the Cubans, and a ball g i ven on board ' , privateer showed the inter es t t a k en i n N o rth (1 11t0, Tina in the cause. jt A strange rumour has gained circulatiori• g, was announced by mail from A mer i c a thilt_ o Friguet, the agent of M. M. R o th sc hild, : n , about to proceed to Washington t o t e nder oil a P t o y half of his principal a loan to the U. t he vernment of a sum sufficient to liquidate t he Public Debt at 4 per cent. interest. Almost at same moment the telegram was p u blished , o f Europe that the Washingto n corr e s pon dent° as the New York Herald and the Baltimore Su' ter , serted positively that M. Friguet had had view with General Grant and made this offer oil w bo half of the Rothschilds. Shortly after, howev er ' t torre President denied that he had had any such Wrh e view with an agent of the Rothschilds. ore there is so much smoke there must be some oc i but it is difficult to understand the position asst uji t o by the great banking house. Ma n y con ditions %Jo be attached to an offer to transfe r 6 p er Cent. - 13 ° f the not at par into 4 per Cent. Bo n d s; an d, even i i f Rothschilds desired to conclude s uc h a bargid°' t have yet to learn that the banking house ex ists t h 3 could deal, by a single operation, with a debt ref seuting five hundred millions sterling. 6OURSE OF EXCHANGE. •••••••••••••••• Amsterdam r,21 Do „.. 12 2 ... 1 2 'J Rotterdam Antwerp - ::: 2 1 5 2 420 ... „ 2 5 5 4 4 5 5 . Brussels Ifamburgh — ... 13 11 ... ;`, 5 21 Paris Ditto Marseilles a i .. . 12 62 j. Frankfort-on-the-Main, ... 120 k Vienna — ... 12 5r 3 ... i 4 Trieste — •.• 12 5 - if ... 4 5 9 A. Petersburg Copenhagen — ~. 29 ... '22 Berlin - ••• 6 271 ... 6 481 Madrid.. - 49 0 Cadiz — ••• Leghorn Milan Genoa Naples Palermo — l- ..........: 2 22 6 66 7 77 2 22 i ll :. :. ... - . 2 % (1 i 1:A 0 Messina .., 26 26 7 7 2 2 1 ..... 2 6 ro Lisbon 5l/ .4* 0 Oporto — ••• 514 ••• .--- Rio Janeiro New York ... — ••• the LITERART.—Over the A e r 3Alleghanies and os- • 0 1 1 Prairies, is the title of a b oo k j us t published, Wr i th or ° o the " n A s appeared a Di; a lively, readable style, by John Lewis Peyton, racol' m ort i h c e an F C ar risi writer one-and-twenty years ago, already refer and 101 j gone state of things, every day becoming „ pe o f,, West,s" and as t o h t e h other country works. These the like the things now prevailing. In 1848 Mr. PoS' ° ; ; . 0 1 ' ; ' - a ; from Staunton in Virginia through Pennsylv,a si rc,, Kentucky, up the Great Northern Lakes to ri"; v g " thence down the Mississippi to Missouri, retail' yol way of Illinois, Michigan, Canada West, and i'le W • tted th S and these pages present the impressions then 3° 0 0 in a narrative which cannot fail to interest and ara tat oti reader unincumbered with masses of figures an d s /2 De l p On a bitterly cold night our traveller arrived at a otitt r kept by a man of the name of Bull, 40 miles fro o3 t tb et This hotel was a frame building, containing' ,b i ti „„a!d, rooms, and when Mr, Peyton entered Mrs. B ti " penis daughters were preparing supper. Mr. Bull soon Itieg the accompanied by two "citizens," who, without ta_„ e s 0, 4 smallest notice of the stranger, proceeded to dis''", r ood Presidential election. These "citizens" afterwsr ds „;2B o 4. to be two "helps" in the establishment, who 1;7, ass t' ,' they were conferring a great favour on Mr. Bull their 0;0 ing him in his farming at 530 each per month.., ployer finding bed and board. After a time h 1 h i ss inquired for his sleigh-driver, when for the first , 0 b orne Bull spoke to him, and said he was attending to t u t and he soon afterwards appeared, took his 5e311,0 himself to a quid of tobacco (they were all ehoW ee uo,' 0 0 proceeded to discuss the political affairs of the „r Mrs. Bull shouted to her husband that sv,Pr t - ar s o r ready, adding, " Fetch in the gemlmau ,11 ,1 sued the sleigh, and tell that 'or young ' lll l i e sltt ;VP is waiting." The feast consisted of venison 0 bad of hominy, and hot coffee, and before going t fd arb i a ° lo 6 Bull prepared for all a strengthening draught 010 (30/ot' maple syrup, nutmeg, and boiling water, the Abele pools with rum. This rough accommodation and . t fl " a t V a d tive manners indeed contrast with the tnagn i e t s hel sX tre now found in every direction over the Union, of rt t he t he of a Pullman's Palace Car, where every cor n ' h ci /ei hi ale yeller can require is carried around and withr t /i f All.Z f al• locomotive. The book is written in a spirit andl th e American friendliness, free from petty jealousioo,.,re ries, and full of bright anticipations for the ftp"a 0 0 a fe North American continent. " We," he writes , yirg i .se side the Atlantic feel that, whether we hail freT ei we ; 0 0 or New England, the Far West, or even Caha: tar ieS, : /2 ‘l brethren, proud of our local habits and h ha nds prouder of our continent, and willing to joi';', hearts to further the common American good. 1 CLEMENTS—On the 22d inst., the wife of Li° llt. BIRTHS. Clements, of Aslitield Lodge, of a son. ..0 01°13 LlaiLyrt n u n e : Rtr O oul n ‘d,Ne tl_i l e ,oo 2 iniA l tli s ti t n i b n e s i t o ., f aats2o2n,:gansflold" street' tii° B .F u OL.TA i. m_ A he ß 2 /? 1 / :1 1G iu E s S t : o f y ork / ove. - -squaro, William Butler, just. , CO; Brown, of 21, Park-lane. ,•j e s'., ~„r., CARIt GAMMON—On the 21st inst., at t. ` 31 ,.. r ti ne9 berwell, Thomas Arthur, son of John n; OW" Esq., of Oxford, to Emma, elder daughter 0 _. Gammon, Esq., of The Chestnuts, reckhanl-IV at St. George'tt /I:01re S eat EATB S. . if ore ELDER—On the 19th inst., at the Casa gazzonl, , S e %I Win. Thomas Elder, Esq., aged 79. 1 ifo i RANDALL—On the 21st inst., at Great Dunli- aliel Richard Randall, Esq., age d 64. VO STEWAnT —On the 20t1 tta i n st., - at Castle Cor Perthshire, Miss Stewart, aged 89. 0 6 ' -vf A ad' London : Printed and Published b y WILLIA—N 01, Gt r Tin of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at T , . SUN Office °4o,lleoe* in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the County of Saturday, October 23, 1849.