The Sun. — London, England, 1859-09-02 00:00:00

FRO3I CHINA TO JAPAN. (From a Correspondent of the Times.) CANTON, MAY 12. A tropical summer is upon us ; the last few days 'have brought painful evidence of the fact, all the more unwelcome that they have failed to bring the first cargo of ice from America to enable us to meet the enemy. With the thermometer standing at 97 In your bedroom, mosquitoes swarming round your curtains, and too often within, sleep is a blessing which comes but seldom, and never sound or re freshing. In all travels in the East there is a sup presszo yen in regard to these poisoners of the hu man existence and destroyers of all peace, the mos quitoes, as unjustifiable as it is unaccountable. 'Not content with sucking the blood out of your veins, they pour a venom into them, throwing the most philosophic of their victims into a state of fever and irritation. The heat itself, enervating and exhaust ing as it is, would be ten times more endurable but for these winged pests of society. The very noise of their trumpet becomes so hateful that the bugle sounding the advance of a line of Zonave skirmishers could hardly be more distracting or fatal to any sense of repose or security; and, like the small provocations of a bitter tongue, the longer they continue and the oftener they are repeated the more intolerable they become. It is not fair in old East ern travellers to suppress, as they almost invariably do, any distinct reference to this greatest of small miseries, and, with the exception of enlarged livers an 4 sudden death, the most fatal of the drawbacks to an Eastern climate. My conscience is free. If any youth or maiden come henceforth "Eastward. ho ! " with halcyon dreams of fortunes or of husbands, taking no account of this future torment of their lives—which will sting them into exasperation under the table while they are smiling kind things above, take the savour out of the best viands, render eating a purgatory, and sleep an impossibility, or a troubled and feverish dream at best—on their own heads be it ; " they cannot say the truth had never been told," as a Chinese man darin would observe. The sun is indeed in his strength, and peering a great blaze of light on the broad waters of the Pearl River as they sweep in dangerous eddies past the rocks in mid stream, and reflect in broken lines the ruined suburbs of Canton. How are the mighty fallen ! Not only is this city still in the occupa , tion of the barbarian, while - roofless houses and crnmbling walls, with windows like eyeless sockets, tell the tale of weak and unavailing resistance, but here comes steaming up the river a vessel with the British ensign, freigted with the remains of the Viceroy who played his last stake at Canton, and lost it. Yes, .Yeh is OA his way to his last home in Chinese earth. He has indeed returned, as Lord Stanley in the house the other day intimated he might, but only to be buried. The Fatalist's creed has ill served so persevering a believer. One would have liked to look within, and to have seen whether in the long solitary hours passed in a foreign land, he ever passed in review his Canton ad ministration, with a- doubt or question in his mind as to the policy or wisdom of his course. As far as can be learned, the thought never suggested itself; but he was too evidently a reserved and uncommunicative man for his silence to form any:guide as to what his thoughts may have been. Certain it is he died and gave no sign, ex pressed no doubt, and, to all appearance, was dis turbed by no regret or misgiving. Had he lived to come back, as might well have been, for we had no longer any object in keeping him—and he had latterly betrayed some anxiety and bestirred him self, especially after the death of his aide-de-camp by cholera, to be allowed to return—he would cer tainly have seen such a changed order of things as might have roused him to reflection even with all his stolid and nil ad»2iriri habits. Not that he would have admired, but he could scarcely have failed to be surprised. He might have passed incog nito through the streets of the great and busy city he had so lately governed, trembling often lest braves from without and conspirators within might snatch it from his grasp, and see how it is now held by a handful of foreign troops, so easily and unconcernedly that from street to street a couple of marine police, armed with a switch, keep perfect order, and give security to all the thousands of the bustling throng of shopkeepers, street vendors, and still more numerous purchasers. Their occasional presence is enough, and in this city, which no foreigner might pollute with his presence, Eng lish officers, soldiers, and civilians on horseback, in chairs, and on foot, are ever passing to anti fro, and the Chinaman looks up from his work to notice them as they pass ; and if a coolie meets you, his only notice is the removal of his broad bamboo hat, that it may not incommode the foreigner. Children that used in all the suburbs to be taught by their elders to spit out terms of abuse, the gentlest of which was " fankwei.' or "foreign devil," now hail the humblest private as " taipan" or " chief," and, with outstretched palm, sometimes insinuate that a " kumshaw," or copper cash gratuity, would be by no means disdained or unacceptable. A goodly and a pleasant change for the better no one can doubt, by whatever evil purchased; and clearest proof that the long-nurtured hostility of the Can tonese population was of entirely factitious growth, due absolutely and entirely to the machinations of Mandarins, and a part of the confirmed policy of the Court at Pekin. Even the admission of foreign ers into the city we now see might at any time at their option have been granted. If other proof were wanting, recent events have abundantly demon strated the truth, long suspected by some of the more experienced in China, but always open to question —namely, that the high Chinese officials on the spot., when a necessity becomes apparent, will venture vpon the repeal of even fundamental laws on their own authority. I alltide to the re cent proclamation of the late Governor Peihkwei, legalising the emigration of Chinese willing to enter into labour contracts for foreign contracts. The atrocities perpetrated by the Chinese crimps in kidnapping by fraud and violence the unwary, with a view to secure the bonus offered by shippers under Portuguese, French, and other foreign flags—not British, I am glad to say— ' had at last roused the whole population to such estate of alarm and indignation as to threaten the security of the officials, hitherto so supine, and the peace of the place. Momentary measures were taken in conjunc - Con with the allies to seize certain receiving vessels, but the true remedy provided under good advi ce by th e Chi nese high authorities was by proclamation to remove the ban of illegality, which served as a pretext for these enormities. So would they have removed the ban on our en trance into Canton at any time these 15 years past, if proper steps had been taken to make them under stand that we were determined it should be removed in accordance with treaties, and that the alternative was the certain capture and military occupation of the city. However, as regards Canton, the know ledge came too late to save both armaments and great destruction of property. Well it is if we can flatter ourselves good has come of evil ; and of this there is no room to doubt. Even as regards inter course with the authorities there is small evidence . of ranctene, or ill-blood. The facility for direct and personal intercourse has gone far to remove the pre-. judice born of long isolation and the enmity arising frem recent collision. A signal in stance was furnished two days ago, wen Mr. Alcock, the British Consul here, was leaving Canton for his post 'as the first Consul-General at Japan. As the steamer passed the Custom-house; on its way down the river, a salute was fired by the Chinese authorities, with abundant fireworks and crackers in continuation, telling the surrounding population of the now order of things the consul left behind him. A friendly farewell of the high officer of the Chinese maritime customs. was, indeed, a novel trait ; and he had pre viously sent an official on board with his card to take leave and announce the intended salute. Three ears ago this same official could not be approached by her Majesty's consul, and when an official let ter might be answered, if at all, was always a question. A great step in the way of progress and teen taken, n nt friendly intercourse has undoubtedly then, and it will be our own fault if that which ha s personal intercourse been gained is ever lost. The authorities sincektnhoewcoassulb'e with the lioppo and other -last return to Canton, in November, I enfrequent, and mest satisfactory in every respect.lf a nuisance had to be abated on the Henan .sid, where the foreigners vt nlc l Z cicci:'or are now located—gambling Shops the channels of a canal which had over and made into a filthy sewer to b e rest built, power of Great restored—it re quired but a request from the consul a n d i t was done at once, where formerly all the Britain could not have secured attention. With the Hopp() ; notwithstanding many difficulties an d continued evasion of duties by foreigners and Chi nese combined, it is -generally understood the most cor dial relationi have existed, and it is to be hoped will still continue, notwithstanding. the departure of the consul by whom these have been first cslab lished. And now we pass the Bogue forts, with their crumbled and battered walls, and fours hours more brings us to Hongkong. The Willamette cleveely steams her way through a very maze of boats and shipping, without collision or accident, her great • bell clanging . a deafening warning to the market and shore boats, which evince the most perverse tendency to cross the boWs of a steamer with scarce a yard to spare--but they do escape generally; and the anchor finally bring , .; her up at her berth, amidst • a rush of sanpans s and boats of all sizes and descrip tions, and a mighty clamour of voices, in which the shrill pipes of the women drown all bass efforts of the men to. be overheard ab • -t"em. ore. nTo get into one f 'these hun dr d e sanpan.s with all Your below , - trigs is truly a service of danger and e, frLti of nerve. Half a dozen sharp prows are edged in contact with the companion ladder or thereabouts ; you de scend, and a moment's indecision is enough to cost you a ducking, if not your life. Nothing but a de termined spring into one can save you, happy if a treacherous syren, with a grasp of iron, does not seek to tun you into that which lies to the right or to the left, or some laggard with a desperate thrust does not send your own selected boat six yards away, without exactly filling up the vacant space over which you see yourself suspended. These perils safely passed, you have then time to look what has become of your " boy"—a corruption of the Indian call for a servant—and, more important still, your bag and trunk. Most probably you have the satis faction of seeing him with one foot still on the lad der, your boxes passing into another boat, and your bag nowhere. As, however, the same scene of utter Confusion and despair takes place at least ten times every day, and travellers do reach the shore, while boy and trunks turn up in safety, you resign your self to Providence, take the rudder and guide your self to port, where the best of hospitality or the worst of hotel accommodation awaits you, with a third chance of a room in the club-house—not so good as the first, nor quite so bad as the second. TLtr 17. The sun is up, and, through heavy banks of cloud and mist, is struggling hard to light up the bay, the opposite shores of which are still shrouded in an impenetrable veil. Ships of many nations, and junks of every size and description are shaking out their sails to take their chance of drying before another drenching rain comes down. But, fair weather or foul, this Bay of Hongkong, one of the finest in the world, is always picturesque—land locked with bold rocks and swellin g hills, and full of life and movement from the shipping which crowds its waters. The daybreak gun wakens up all early risers ; the loud screaming whistles or scarce less discordant bells of the river steamers soon after begin the business of the day, and keep up an incessant alarm from seven in the morning to eight or nine o'clock, and again from four in the afternoon, on their return from Canton or Macao. The snorting and puffing of gunboats diversify the sounds, while from the shore and the streets a busy hum f cries and sounds untranslateable tell the drowsy stranger that a city in the tropics has leaped into life and activity before the sun attains his scorching power. If he turns out for an early morning walk, and bends his steps upward to the higher ground, he 'dill find the convolvulus spread• ing its beautiful flowers for the fresh breath of dawn—creepers of wild luxuriance disputing each wall and bank; and looking seaward, a whole suc cession of bays lie at his feet, stretching away into the distance. Market boats laden with provisions from the main land, with their richly coloured sails of matting and many picturesque forms, are crowd ing into the harbour. Square-rigged ships are press= ing all sail to gain the long-desired anchorage, while ' others are unmooring to proceed to the several ports for their outward cargo. Men-of-war, trading junks, merchant craft from every country, all are here to give testimony to the activity and importance of the trade which in some way or other finds in Hongkong a connecting link. Craft in numbers from the ad joining coast, each differing in shape and colour, ac cording to the port; the great bulky Shantung junk; the Shanghai, with its gaudy colours and mystic eagle l on the stern but little differing ; the long craft of Ningpo, and so on, down to Hainan ; and even Siam and Singapore, all have their representatives. A Chinese sailor will distinguish where they come from by differences of shape and rigging, paint and decorations, without difficulty, and if he be honest may also tell you where stout-built junks are lying undisturbed with a pirate crew, and nearly fitted out with fresh supplies of guns and powder. Only I do net recommend you to trust him too implicitly, for he may be one of the pirate crew himself, and will send you on a wrong scent, to the damage of some honest trader whom he wishes to ruin, or simply to damage you, and prevent the Hong- Kong authorities pursuing his fellows on informa tion given, by letting you into a few depl ora bl e mistakes, of which, doubtless, Mr. Anstey has al ready said his say in London, as in Hong Kong. With a large harbour full of junks from every sea port and island between Shantung and Singapore, Siam, Java, and the Philippines, with 60,000 Chi nese and Macaonese on shore, it is not easy for the authorities to put their hands upon all the rogues or pirate craft that take shelter beneath the sure protection of the British flan, were they the best and most honest that ever wielded colonial power. This barren rock they have made their home, build ing a large Chinese town, which spreads along the western shore and skirts the bay, creeping upward on the hillside, along the face of the ravine. Nest on nest of houses attract the eye, until they dispute the higher levels with the merchant princes of the colony, sufficiently attesting the untiring industry, perseverance, aye, and enterprise too, of these plod ding celestials, when in pursuit of gain. Not 20 years have passed over our heads since England first took possessien of this pirate haunt, and all its properties of unlimited granite and bare hills ; and now it is the great centre of a Chinese coasting trade, to feed which numberless ships come laden with produce from India, Siam, and Manilla ; from Batavia and Singapore, with the collected tribute cf the Malayan Archipelago ; from Eng land, New York, and San Francisco ; even New Zealand and Australia are contributors of the required supplies. Not only this, but it has become the central postal and financial station whence all the directing wires of the great Euro pean and American trade with China receive their impulse, and are pulled by heads of houses located in the colony, determining the ultimate des tination of all the ships and cargoes that ente r or leave the China Seas. What is the secret of this sudden and enormous growth in population and in trading importance of this barren rock ? This is among . the first thoughts of a stranger. Hong Kong itself, he sees at a glance, produces nothing but granite boulders and th e thi nnest scrub. The° City of Victoria, 'with its Cathedral, episcopal palace, Government house, its Supreme Court, and all its palatial merchants' houses, are just on the spot of earth where no one would have thought of placing them. The great Victoria Peak towers across the whole line of the city, and effectually shuts out every breath of air during six months of a most oppressive summer, when every one gasps for want of that needful aliment of life, whence some go home sick every year with spleens much larger than their fortunes, and not a few leave their bones to be laid beneath six feet of Chinese earth. The neighbouring mainland has good and commo dious seaports, far nearer to the producing markets and the purchasers of foreign goods, and apparently in every respect better fitted for trade. But it is an open secret, and may be told in very few words —though some facts are not acceptable to all par ties. Security to life and property is the first and broadest foundation of such prosperity; a magni ficent bay of easy access, the second condition ; and the absence of all Customs, with proximity to Chinese ports, where these exist in more or less oppressive form, furnish a full solution of the pro blem. Given a barren rock in the near vicinity of a wealthy empire, with a base and corrupt Admi nistration, how shall the trade of the mainland be made to overflow to the islet ? - To it an enterpri sing and industrial population can bring their pro duce from the whole seaboard on advantageous terms of export with their own people, as not declared for foreign market ; and from it run cargoes of return goods, with like exemption from import duties. Hong Kong is to China what Gibraltar is to Spain—a great smuggling emporium. It offers some little premium of facilities to pirates also, and to those engaged in the trade, and taking up their residence, the protection and security their own land cannot afford. Thus it happens that Hong Kong, though in a subsidiary sense promoting foreign trade with China (in the only sense in which this was understood by the contracting Powers), really owes its wondrous growth and prosperity to a vast contraband trade with the whole seaboard of China, conducted chiefly by the Chinese them selves. Here they can bring their opium, long cloths, yarns, and woollens, free of all duty, with all the chances of laying them down at the points of consumption for a small bribe. Hero they can sell their rhubarb, sugars, camphor, and sundry other produce, and at Macao their tea, at a better price than at the consular ports, for the same reasor, that they succeed in escaping duty en their trair .A., For this state of things, of which. the Cl - 3 ,' ntse authorities well may and do complain, we are not wholly to blame ; nor is it with as, or in. ear power altogether, to devise a remed:. AI a great depot for our British and Indise a produce, where ample security exists, it wo/fid be impossilAe and suicidal to make it other tisan a free port. To attempt any supervision of the; Chinese crafts without the levy of duties, or to, allow the Chinese officials to do so —as contemplated in the supplementary treaty of 1 843, but never acted upon— wou ld b e equa ll y de structive any development o f t ra d e . Wh et h er we t m n at oe a t be prepared to sacrifice all that is no t which it could , consistent with t rea ti es i s a question o 11 answer little purp ose to certainlydiscuss rattemptwillColo nial the thoroughgoing,he first fruit measu res necessary to c arry out the Prl l would doubtless b e to de populate the isl an d o f i ts Chinese population, d r i ve a s , aall the Chi nese coast ing trade, and empty th e pocketfsolt' ourci.merchants g of large gains poured into th em from ere l ne f se C t t l ; ade treaties. And were there any chance of a s e l l s ‘ s t i o s r l which is not in exact accord w i t h . • Secretary of State or Governor being w itti ns , to face the outcry and clamour such an attempt in the mildest form would • inevitably, raise, there is yet another consideration very fatal to such a scheme. The eaerifise of interests at Hong Kong Would be the enrichment of Macao, but in nothing benefit the Chinese Government. Macao would simply become what Hong Kong now 15, and the contra band trade with China, piracy, and Coolie kidnap ping would. each and all take only new proportions and greater developments under the most perfect impunity that a willing Government could extend. The one only remedy lies obviously in - an proved custom-house administration in China, and to this they are at last turning their attention by the organisation of a complete and uniform system for all the ports under foreign inspectors, tide waiters, &c., in the hope that these will supply the vigour, honesty, and intelligence they find it so difficult to secure among their own people. A short time will show with what success. But in that direction lies their only hope of remedy for a great and increasing evil. Under the present order Macao has repaired her tattered vestments, sole legacy of a hundred years of poverty, and Hong Kong has made the wealth of many in less than 20 years. Under a different and a better regime for China both colonies will have to content themselves with more legitimate gains, and it may be smaller re venues and lessened importance. But even though Macao should have to fall back upon lentils and soup maigra six days in the week, as of yore, it is well that the Chinese should succeed in their pre sent efforts at reorganisation. In getting its legitimate dues from foreign trade, which it only now receives in their integrity at Shanghai under foreign inspection, the Chinese Government will obtain a direct and increasing interest in its development and prosperity, be sides the means of a better Government, and a lesson they much need—namely, that to secure good and honest service States as well as in dividuals must give fair remuneration and adequate salaries, And, though last, not least, the foreign merchant will find his trade can be carried on with honesty, on principles of fairness to all, without any painful effort or sacrifice on his part: But the sun is rising higher, the rain clouds are riven, and now I see a gallant fleet, with the British ensign at the mizen, stretching across the bay. Music comes floating on the breeze from the United States' ship- Powhattan. H.M.S. Fury is getting up her steam, with 300 marines on board, for the north. The Assistance is to follow with more. Seven gunboats have been despatched, and others are on their way. Soon the rest of a goodly fleet, with Admiral Hope and our first Minister at Pekin Mr. Bruce, will take their departure for the Peiho. H.M.S. Samson leaves to-day with our first Con sul-General in Japan on board, and all his consular staff. Mr. Alcock is the bearer of the ratified treaty which he is to exchange at Yeddo. The American Minister, Mr. Ward, just arrived on board the U.S. ship Powhattan, is also, northward bound. The French Minister, M. de Bourboulon, is speedily to follow; and soon the second or rather the third and last act of the national drama will commence, the scene of which all men hope will be laid in Pekin, and the end whereof we trust may be peace, if not real cordiality and good will. Not there am I bound, however, but to Japan, of which I shall have much to tell you both new and interesting. And, as Da nish and Prussian missions are already in prepara tion—the squadron of Prussia to be commanded, I hear, by Prince Adalbert ; while English, French, and American Ministers and squadrons, once free from the Peiho, all purpose a visit to the Japanese ports—Yeddo bids fair to be the great rendezvous and watering place of the season for the " far East" in strange contrast with its close seclusion for fully 200 years. ENTRANCE OF THE YANG-TSE-KIANG, MAY 22. The incidents of a voyage up the coast from Hongkong to Japan in these days of steam are few. The escape from the sultry heat of Canton and Hongkong to the fresh cool breezes of the higher latitudes and open sea is the most noteworthy and delightful of incidents. To feel a desire for a blan ket and to lose the sleep-disturbing hum of the mosquito trumpets make as near an approach to happiness as I can venture to anticipate for many weeks or months to come. And so, like a philosopher, I enjoy the:n accordingly, grateful for the good the gods have sent. We are just entering the wide mouth of this leviathan of rivers, and to-morrow may look to see Shanghai much increased and changed since last I saw it, each year adding to its trade and wealth. But you shall hear how it looks and what it promises after my arrival. SHANGHAI, MAY 24. activity, enterprise, and capital of British mer chants) a great trade, opening up the resources of both semi-secluded empires, should be developed. This was no part of the original design of the Western Powers in framing the recent treaties; but only thus will any foreign trade in the proper sense of the term be created and developed. This much already seems more than probable, that the greater portion of such Chinese and Japanese trade will pass into forf ign hands, and ours more parti cularly, may be safely inferred from what is now taking place. But that is certainly not the commerce we more especially hoped to open up by our treaty. On the contrary, our aim and hope was to create a trade by the interchange of Japanese products with British goods. Thus, as in a thousand instances, we are reminded that " There'S a Divinity that shapes our ends, Rough-hew them how we will." What we have sought and striven for may indeed be ultimately obtained, but neither in the way we looked for nor by the instrumentality anticipated. The Chinese form a natural and, to all appearance, a necessary link in the development of any large trade between Europe and Japan, just as India has long been the connecting link with China. Just, as we may yet discover, that Roman Catholicism will form the connecting link between Paganism in its many idolatrous forms and a purer Protes tantism. Though I feel this a dangerous ground, and scarce know whether Romanists or Protestants would most vehemently repudiate the inference as injurious, that in the ways of Providence, either could be beholden to the other, or the final propoga tion of Christianity among the heathen be depen dent upon an order of progression. The Jews, how ever, under an inspired leader, did not merge out of Egyptian idolatry into a pure Theism, without many intervening stages of progress of semi-idolatry and assimilations to the ceremonial and material worship they left behind. Men seems ill designed or constituted for such sudden leaps from darkness into light; and all past missionary experience, I think, goes far to enforce the unwelcome truth at which I am glancing—that the abstract doctrines of a Protestant faith find acceptance among a heathen and idolatrous race with infinitely greater difficulty than Roraanism. There stands the fact ; let those who will attach other explanatsons. With one reflection more let me take my leave of China, which bids fair to exercise as much influence on the western world, and their relations with the East, as we can ever hope to exercise on it. It has been in geniously suggested, I see, by Mr. Mill, that the Chinese have succeeded beyond all hope in what Eng lish philanthropists of the present day are so indus triously working at—in making people all alike, all governing their thoughts end conduct by the same axioms and rules. lle goes on to say, " that the modern regime of public opinion is, in an unorganised foem, what the Chinese educational and political systems are in an organised ; and unless individuality shall be able successfully to assert itself against this yoke, Europe, notwith standing its noble antecedents and its professed Christianity, will tend to become another China." Curious enough that while all things tend to infuse into the Chinese mind ideas of progress, of change and development—even at the price of great internal convulsions, and the destruction of material interests—one of our most distinguished writers should see in the tendency of our own habits and education, worldly and other, a retro grade action to the dead level mediocrity and im mobility of the Chinese national mind. If so, the two ends of the circle travelling in opposite direc tions may ultimately meet in Japan, which seems less profoundly stirred up 'in its depths by the sudden contact of Europe than China, and not so steadily bent on a collective mediocrity as the mind of England. IREL 1 ND. DUBLIN, THURSDAY MORNING. ARCHBISHOP CULLEN'S POLICY. The Freeman's Journal of this morning takes up the cudgels in defence of Dr. Cullen from the attacks of the London journals, and endeavours to vindicate the conduct of the whole body of the Romish prelates in their recent onslaught upon the system of mixed education. The organ asserts that, from the very outset, when the scheme was pro posed nearly 30 years ago, all the bishops, with four exceptions, exclusive of Archbishop Murray, disapproved the system, and these four merely waived their objections in deference to the excellent prelate who then presided over the see of Dublin. As to Dr. Cullen setting himself up as the head of a new Parliamentary party, the Freeman scouts the notion. The Apostolic Delegate, no doubt, has other means at hand for carrying out his policy without permitting the laity to have a finger in the pie. Even the Catholic members of Parliament are to be left free to follow their own will. Here is the semi-official statement :—" Dr. Cullen will not, it is true, be returned for the city and take the lead in person; but its dogs may be killed in more ways than one, he may accomplish the end of leadership by enlisting under his banner the Catholic mem bers and directing their movements from his Pm torium. We believe we can deny, on authority, any such intention on the part of the Archbishop. Catholic and Protestant members are at perfect li berty to take whatever side they choose on the education as on all other public questions. No coercion has ever been applied by him, or ever will be. He declares his opinions like any other mem ber of the bench, and with the modesty that marks his character, What he conceives right he utters, and nothing can deter hi m . S o i t h as b een w i th the other members of the Episcopacy. They discussed one of the most vital p ro bl ems ever pr e sent e d to their consideration, with aft sense of its vast importance. They reviewed the whole question, or series of questions which the system involved, and after an investigation of all the facts, and a com parison of the evidence which each prelate furnished from his own local repository, they came to the una nimous conclusion which has fluttered so many of our English cotemporaries. We may observe that neither sinco nor then, did the bishops suggest the Parliament. The memorial t o M r . C ar d we ll was th e only formation result o o f f at their special i d a e l party to press their views in liberations. Not a word was spoken about appealing to or urging Catholic mem lefffteheetyto the protest or res o l u ti on s in wished t o ' secon d th e e ff or t s o f p be a r r s lia t n o ie g n i t s:e the prelates. by determining on a common line of action, 'well and good; but they were perfectly in dependent to co-operate or not, just as they thought proper. We wish to be explicit on this point, be cause the voluntary action of some IriSh members is connected by the London papers with an express order from the Archbishop of Dublin. The necessity of such a contradiction only proves how little they know of the man whom they force from the strictest seclusion and privacy, compatible with his duties es an Archbishop, to assume the position of public agitator." The Queen's birthday ushered in by a wet and stormy morning. In vain the numerous ships of war are dressed in their gayest colours; everything looks drooping, wet, and miserable. I wandered through the foreign settlement yesterday evening before the rain set in, and after Calcutta there is nothing more wonderful east of the Cape than the rapid growth of the whole place, and the vast trade to which it owes its rise. Fifteen ears ago corn and rice and cotton fields covered the ground now en tirely occupied for a mile square with foreign man sions anil packhouses, by a Chinese settlement in the rear, their occupants having sought peace and secu rity where the flags of western Powers, the chief of these the British, give no vain promise of both. Some 15,000, many of the better and wealthier classes of Chinese merchants, have thus located themselves of their own free choice, built wide streets end extensive bazaars, pay load and police rates, and conform to all the municipal regulations of foreign growth with scrupulous fidelity. The Chinese are certainly among the most easily governed uf any in the world, given two conditions only—honesty of purpose and strength in the governing power.. Under such conditions the latter is hardly ever called into active exercise. It is enough that it should be known to exist. The city itself has but partially re covered its devastation by the horde of sot disant insurgents, but unquestionable spoliators and ban ditti, which gained possession in 1853, and held it against an imperial army, until the beginning of 1855. A word from the Treaty Powers might have averted such a great calamity, and saved from ruin a population of 100,000 industrious and peace loving people. But a want of unanimity among the three representatives of England, America, and France allowed the opportunity to be lost. Let us hope that, warned by past experience, no more Consular ports will be allowed to become a prey to the miserable vampires sucking the life's blood out of flourishing towns in which we have large com mercial and treaty guaranteed interests Itrequires but a distinct announcement that these seaport cities shall not be pillaged to deter the predatory rabble from ever venturing to make the at tempt. A - greater service it has never been in the power of 'Western States to render to an Eastern people at so small a cost, or one which more com mends itself in the interests of humanity and a sound policy. It need involve no espousal of either Imperialist or insurgent cause—no abandonment of a policy of neutrality in an internecine war ; but simply a prohibition issued to those who recognise no law or treaties that at the C onsu l ar ports, were we have large vested interests and treaty rights, no one by wanton spoliation without influence on the issue of a civil war shall be allowed to destroy them, and with them the lives and property of thousands of peaceable inhabitants, Ni ith whom we have daily relations of amity and commerce. The populations of these ports will learn to look upon us as their best friends, and a sure defence against wrong they are otherwise unable to resist. The insurgent rab ble themselves will regard us with all the more re spect for our determined bearing, and the Imperial Government will at least be gratefnl for exertions by which the Custom-house revenues, becoming every dayof greater importance, are preserved from the grasp of the spoiler, giving the Emperor and his counsellors a direct interest in the preservation of foreign commerce and the relations of goodwill connected with its maintenance. But I must not dwell too long on these cor,: ide „.. tions of general policy, even were the ire the subject more fully appreciated r. . - eortance of :c home. Here they very nat ura lly sugges t ther--,„1,„ with the still evident trac es o f th e ruthleFl . - ,, an d wanton destructiiin wrought by a handf', of horse•boys an rabble coolies. - Wide sr '..ces lie between the foreign settle ment and city walls, which previously were cove-eed ah Chinese streets, giving shelter to alarge population. Within the walls permanent Iriss and devastation are everywhere apparent. Thousands of houses were levelled, and tens of thousands of their inhabitants tortured to death, beheaded, or cast out houseless and penniless to perish, but it would be hard to find a single human being who reaped any tangible or pernianent bene fit. Even the ruffian leader, Chin-a-lin, who alone of ali his followers made his escape at the capture of the city, by the help of a foreign merchant, was prowling about Hongkong the other day, trying in vain, through more foreign agency ) , to get posses sion of a plot of ground. in Shanghai where lay buried in- gold and silver of his plunder, wrung from the tears and agony of tortured victims, o r lac of dollars. And all this ruin ar,d misery, I repeat, may be averted in - future bya word spoken in time, with the authority of the Treaty Powers. Let the decrepid Government ;and its insurgent subjects fight their battles elsewhere ; the empire is wide enough. And wo do these Eastern races mischief enough, more or. less voluntarily or consciously, by the dissemination of Western viees, if by no other means, to give cause. of congratulation . when oppor tunities like this offer for conferring the blessing of peace and, security on a number of large popula tions to a. great degree identified with us. To-morrow or next day we shall leave Shanghai, bouncl, foe IsTagamlei. It will not be among the least curious ea- important of the incidental results at tachil to the enlarged traffic and intercourse ra pidly developing between this port and Japan that chief ly by and through the, Chinese ports (the ram , a nearly assimilated wants and .tastes of the two races mainly aiding, in. _combination with the THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 2, 180, THE STRIKE IN DUBLIN. A Dublin paper came, it seems, to. a rather hasty conclusion in its announcement that the dispute between the masters and men had been amicably adjusted by five-sixths of the former yielding to the demand for an increase of wages. Such is not the case. Some of the most extensive employers, on the eontrary, have ref use d compliance, and mean to 1 opk elsewh ere f or a supdly of hands to cover the deficiency caused by the strike. THE MARQUIS Or DinGHEDA'S YACHT. Intelligence reac h ed Dublin yesterday of the loss of Lord th. Dr°gl)!:tia's schooner loamy-, 140 tons, off M e coast - ji Sligo. Lord and Lady Drogheda, and !,or Foster, Aide•de-Camp to the Lard Lieutenant, and crew have all fortunately been saved ; but a vast amount of valuable property has gone down with the vessel. Subjoined are a few particulars of the catastrophe ;--. <<" Sligo, Tuesday. This beautiful schooner-rigged yacht, 150 tons, became a total wreck in Sligo bay on Saturday even ing. On the schooner entering the bay a pilot offered his services, 'which the marquis would not accept, he feeling quite confident of his ability t o pil o t the schoonerinto the harbour—a thing, indeed, he could without difficulty have managed,. to do, the bay being deep and remarkably free from shoals, had it not been that the buoy on Bungar Bank was removed, owing to high winds or some other cause which I cannot take upon myself to determine. I have not heard that it was mentioned to the noble owner of the yacht that the buoy was off the bank, and, unfortunately,. the vessel got ageound there. She lay so easily that, undoubtedly, if it had not been that a more than usuary heavy sea was run 7 ning she conic' have been get off with little or no damage. As it . was, the beautiful craft went to pieces in the course of two or three hours, the crew after conveying the inarqnis and his noble lady . on shore, only succeeding in saving some plate, leaving behind guns; clothes, and some valuable property, part of which became the prizes of sea bathers from Roscommon and Longford, some of whom are 'al ready brought to account for their covetousness by the police. I may mention here that one fellow was caught with a lady's fine woven jacket on his brawny shoulders. The marquil seems to be a littly grieved fcr the loss of his yacht: which was insured for;£4,ooo only, which I. am told, is little more than half her value, and intends inquiring of cer tain knowing gentlemen who generally wear horse hair wigs if some quarter is not to blame for not, as they were bound to do, having had a.buoy placed on the unlucky bank." [AD V ERTISEMENT.]—Errs's cllorikeopathic Chemist, COCOA.—This esteemed preparation is sold by the grin- cipal grocers at ls. 6d per lb., in 11b., Ib., and , /11). packets. Each packet i?labelled "'James Epps, Homce9- pathic chorale, Loudon." • - • - :I'OLICE lAYTELLIGENCE.—Sept. 1. BOW-STREET.--Henry Wm. Boynton, land lord of the White Horse, Holborn, attended before Mr. Henry, to answer the charge of haying brutally ill-treated his wife on Sunday last. _ _ _ The complainant, whose face presented a fright ful spectacle, stated her case on Wednesday, the defendant offering no other justification of his con duct than " that he ortiered her to go upstairs, and she refused to go." He claimed the privilege, how ever, of consulting a legal adviser, and the case was remanded till 11 o'clock yesterday, the defendant recognisance. being permitted to leave on his own Ai the appointed time the defendant - was again present, with his solicitor, but neither the wife nor her witnesses were in attendance. Mr. Lewis, jun., said he was instructed to appeu on behalf of the wife, who waited upon him at four o'clock yesterday afternoon, and told him that the defendant had gone home and packed up most of her things and taken them out of the house. He could not account for her absence this morning, unless the defendant's friends had managed to keep her away. _ _ The defendant's solicitor said he believed Mr. arid Mrs. Boynton had lived on very good terms until the present unfortunate occurrence. He had not seen his v,-:fe or her servant since last evening. He believed they had left the house. Mr. Henry said it was a very bad case, and he could not allow it to be settled in this way. He should detain the defendant in custody, and send an officer to inquire for, and, if possible, to bring the complainant to the court. Smith, F 87, one of the summoning officers of the court, was accordingly sent to make inquiries, and at four o'clock ho reported that complainant de. clined to attend. In consequence of some communi cation from her husband she desired to withdraw the charge, believing that to press it would ruin them both. Mr. Henry—l cannot have it settled that way. I shall leave the warrant in your hands, and adjourn the case to give Mr. Lewis an opportunity of seeing the complainant, to ascertain what is really her in tention. In the meanwhile I shall enlarge the re cognisance. The defendant's solicitor said his client was no party to the arrangement. Mr. Henry—We all understand these things, of course. The Solicitor—lf you think justice would be met by his entering into recognisances— Mr. Henry—Certainly not. She must attend here, or Mr. Lewis must see her. I adjourn the case for that purpose. TIIE PUBLIC DRINKING FOUNTAINS.—Mr. Marmacluke Langdale, who has recently caused to be erected, in Endell-street, St; Giles's, a drinking fountain for the use of the public of the district, waited upon Mr. Henry to make the following complaint : M 7. Langdale stated that, induced by the bene volent example of Mr. Gurney, and supposing it would be a real boon to the crowded inhabitants of the district, he had directed one of these fountains to be placed in Endell-strect, and supplied with drinking cups, which were secured by strong chains to the walls. He had himself presided at, the opening of the fountain, when at least 500 persons were assembled, and a degree of approba tion was expressed which afforded him the utmost gratification. Shortly after this he left town, and he now learnt with regret that during his absence the water had. ceased to flow, and the cups, chains, grating, &c., had keen stolen, although much force must have been used to wrench them off. For days the public were deprived of its use ; but now he had caused fresh cups and still stronger chains to be attached, and the water was again flowing. His object in addressing the magistrate was to beg that the police on duty there might be requested occasionally to keep an eye on the fountain, for really these depredations are extremely discourag ing, and, if repeated, would put a stop to private gifts of this sort altogether. Mr. Henry was sorry to hear of such occurrences, and would mention the subject to the police, although, of course, it would be impossible to place a constable on duty at every fountain in London. A gentleman in court stated that he frequently passed the fountain in question, and had noticed large'crowds of disorderly boys, playing with the water and making a great mess on the pavement, but no constable was ever seen near it to interfere with them. ' It was a district where a constable might always be profitably employed,., within sight of the fountain, and it would cost a very little extra trouble to clear the pavement of the ragged urchins and idlers who congregated there, and often prevented decent people from drinking the water. CLERKENWELL.—VIOLENT ASSAULT AND CHARGE OF CRIM. CON.—Thomas Dillon, a glass blower, residing at 16, Dorrington-street, St. An drew's, was charged with violently assaulting Francis Henry Russell, an optician, of 13, Brewer street, Clerkenwell, in Fox-court. The prosecutor, who appeared in the box with a very bad eye, said that he called at the defendant's house about business, and saw the defendant's wife. About 11 o'clock the defendant came home and abused his wife, and, without his (the complainant) interfering, he was knocked down, and when he got up, the defendant struck h*m a tremendous blow in the face and blackened his eye. The defendant did not deny the charge, but said he thought he . was justified in what he had done. His wife was a very dissolute woman, and he was compelled to live apart from her. He went home to see if the children were attended to, and found the complainant and his (defendant's) wife in such a position that there could not be the slightest doubt of their immoral connection. The complainant got behind the door, anal if he (defendant) could have got hold of him, he would have kicked him down stairs, and all such "contemptible hounds . ' like him. The complainant, who looked very sheepish, did not deny the statement of the defendant, but called his mother, who said " she really could not believe it." The complainant abused the defendant, and said he did not sleep with his wife. Mr. Tyrwhitt told the complainant he had nothing to do with the defendant's business, and being of Opinion that the defendant had received great provocation, he should dismiss the charge. The complainant, who seemed very chop-fallen, then left the court. GREENWICII.—A WIFE CHARGED BY HER HUSBAND WITH ATTEMPTING SUICIDE.A re spectably-dressed young woman, named Jane Foster, 22 years of age, of 5, Morden-street, Green wich, was charged before Mr. Seeker with attempt ing to commit.suicide by throwing herself into the river Rarensbourne, at Lewisham. The charge was 'preferred by the prisoner's hus• band, from whom she•.has been separated during the past three nontliS, it being alleged that he had deserted her,' Froni the evidence given it appeared that between' seven 'and eight o'clock on Sunday evening the husband and the prisoner entered the Royal Albert, Blackheath-road, and called for some ale. ;raving been seated in the back parlour some time the.husband left her for the purpose of speak ing to a person, and stayed away a considerable time. During his absence the prisoner obtained some writing paper and pen and ink from the land lord, who was aware of the differences between her self and her husband, and from -what he observed of the harried manner in which she wrote, he came to the teneltiiion that it was her intention to com mit suicide. This fact he communicated to the husband on his return, whose reply . was, "If she does it, it will not be the first tinie. have pulled her out of the water once, and I then told her I would not trouble myself again if she attempted to make away with herself." The prisoner had then left, and about two hours after the attention of two young men was called by a gentleman to something floating in the ltavensbourne at Lewisham, which was found to be the body of the prisoner, who was rescued in a state of insensibility, and conveyed to a neighbouring iun, where medical aid was pro cured, and she - eventually recovered, when she ad mitted having deliberately walked into the water, alleging as a reason that while talking to a young woman her husband ma her and accused her of talking to a portion of improper character; adding that he had long suspected she was unfaithful to him, and that he had then proved it. Mr. Inspector Mott said there were witnesses to speak to the cruel conduct or the husband towards his wife, but Mr. Seeker declined hearing them, and ordered the F isoncr to find two sureties in Xl5 each, to be of good behaviour for the next three months. [ADVERTISiiiiiiT.]----It is with plcasuro -we notice the daily increase of cures without medicine of indigestion (dyspepsia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bilious and liver complaints, cough, asthma, consumption, and debility, by Du Barry's delicious Revalcuta Arabica. We quote the feibir.-ing :—Cure No. 52,087, Field Marshal Duke of Pluskow, of a gastric inflammation of the stomach. Cure No. 51,614, Baron de Polentz, Prefect of Lano-enau, of many years' horrible sufferings of the nerves and obsti nate constipation. Cure No. 48,721, General Baron de .ZulttskoWski, of-many yeArie fearful disorders of the diges tive fuietion, Cure-No, 71, of dyspepsia, from the Right HonottrAhl the Lord Stuart do Docies :—" I have derived considerable benefit from Du Barry's . Revalcnta Arabica Food, and consider it due to yonrsc_..l - vris and the public to authorise the publication of these iines.—St uart de Dccies." fu tins, at is. 6d. ; 11b., 3s. ; 21b., ss. 9d.; 51b., 125.; 121 b., 265. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London . Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly ; Abbis, 60, Gracechureb.-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, Oxford 3treet ; 330 and 451, Strand; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. Also at. Thiblin, Bewley and Drapei ; at Edinburgh, Raimes and 'Co.; at Liverpool, Vixen and Thew; at Manchester, Sharp and Scott; at Yotl, - RAfines, jil4,uchard, and Co,; at South ampton, 11.04t1a4 anti S9IL THE BUILDERS' STRIKE. On Wednesday evening on open-air meeting of building operatives took place on Wray-common, near Reigate, for the purpose of devising means to , assist the lockouts of London. Between 250 and 300 persons assembled, which number represents the whole body of building operatives employed by the various firms in this locality. To all appearance but few persons unconnected with the building trades were present. Mr. Job Apted, a tradesman of the town, though he disavowed all sympathy with the movement, consented to take the chair. Mr. Patching, a delegate from London, addressed the meeting. He stated that he attended there in Accordance with an invitation which the Conference had received from Reigate. Detailing the history and causes of the present struggle between the masters and workmen of London, he representid that there was a large amount of surplus labour in the metropolis, and that the men were determined to rcduce- it, because machinery was making such vast inroad and doing away with hand labour, and consequently the men had to walk the streets of London for many months in the year. There must be something wrong in this. If machinery was to be a blessing to mankind in general, he wanted to know how it could be so unless the builders and the working classes generally partici pated in its benefits. The London workmen desired a reduction of the hours of labour, so as to employ more men and give more time for mental improxe ments and domestic comfort ; and there was no law in nature to say that any class of men should work ten hours more than any other number of hours. The time had arrived when the working classes should work less hours. Remarking that progress was making rapid strides in every department of art and science, trade and manufacture, the speaker argued that the condition of the working classes ought to progress also. It was found that specula tive men raised up buildings as cheaply as possible, and cared not whom they crushed so that they at tained their ends. He did not blame them, but the working classed did not wish to be ridden over roughshod by them. The speaker went en to con trast the condition of those who are accustomed to be driven in their own equipages in Rotten-row with the condition of hungry workmen out of em ployment, and submitted that a workman, seeing so much wealth in the country, while he and his family are perhaps 'starving, naturally concludes that there is something wrong. He did not wish to be a leveller, but he wished to see the working classes partake of a portion of the profits of labour. There was plonty of wealth in the kingdom, if it were truly more equally divided. Having addressed the meeting at considerable length to this effect, the speaker dismounted. Mr. Barton, a working man of the neighbourhood, proposed a resolution pledging the meetim: to support by their contribu tions the present movement of the workmen in Lon don. This was seconded by another working man and unanimously carried. The meeting, which had been conducted without the least manifestation of enthusiasm or disorder, then quietly dispersed. SPOBTING INTELLIGENCE. DERBY RACES.-TUESDAY. The Chatsworth Stakes of 50 sovs, added to a Handicap Sweepstakss of 10 sovs each, h ft, and 3 only if declared. One mile. 11 subs. Mr. Crawfurd's M. Phillippe (late Odd Trick), by Sleight of-Hand, b yrs, Bst 71b.... (Wells) 1 Mr. Saxon's Ancient Briton, 4 yrs, 7st 71b.. (L. Snowden) 2 Mr. MOrris's Hop Merchant, 3 yrs, 6st (Bray) 3 Betting--Even on Hop Merchant, 2 to 1 agst Ancient Briton, 5 to 2 agst M. Phillippe. Won by half a length ; Hop Merchant was beaten off. The Juvenile Stakes (Handicap) of 50 sovs, added to a Sweepstakes of 10 sovs each, 3 ft, for 2-yr-olds. About half a mile. 18 subs. Mr. Smith's Ringlet, 7st (Grimshaw) 1 Mr. Dennis's Rising Sun, 7st 131 b (including 101 b extra) (Edwards) 2 Mr. W. Moseley's Diamond, 7st 71b (Fordham) 3 Herman and Gwellyan also ran. Betting-3 to 1 agst Rising Sun, 7to 2 agst Herman, 4 to 1 eget Diamond, 5 to 1 agst Ringlet, 7 to 1 aget Gwellyan. Won by a neck; a length between the second and third; bad fourth. The owner Of Rising Sun objected to Ringlet on the ground of a cross, which was investigated by Lord Chester field and Col. Forester, who' decided that the cross was not proved. The Selling Stakes of 30 sous, added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sovs each, for two-y. -olds and upwards. One mile. 4 subs. Mr. Harland's Ochiltree, 3 yrs (X2O), 7st 71b.. (Hibburd) 1 Mr. Blanton's Arminius, 3 yrs (V 0), 7st 21b.. (Edwards) 2 Mr. J. Osborne's Alfred, 6 yrs (X2O), Bst 61b (Challoner) 3 Mr. Wrigley's Emerald, 3 yrs (V 0), 7st. 21b.. (Bottom) 4 Betting-5 to 4 agst Ochiltree, 6to 4 agst Alfred. _ _ Won by half a•length; a head between the second and third. The winner was bought in for 150 guineas. The Sudbury Stakes of 50 sovs, added to a handicap of 5 sovs each, 2ft ; the second to save his stake. Six fur longs. 15 subs. Mr. liarratt's The Rover, 3 yrs, 7st 41b.. (L. Snowden) 1 Mr. T. Cliff's Lansquenot, 3 yrs, 6st 101 b.... (Gardiner) 2 Mr. T. Stzvens's Ardour, 3 yrs, Sat Slb (Keeler) 3 The following also ran Merchant, Little Poll, The Deer, Yoriek, and Jim. Betting---2 to 1 cacti agst Ardour and Tho Rover, sto 1 agst any other. Won easily by a length and a half ; bad third. The Innkeepers' Plate (handicap) of 50 sovs ; winners extra. About a mile and a quarter. Mr. T. Cliff's Cast-off, 3 yrs, sst 61b (Grimshaw) 1 Mr. Saxon's Ancient Briton, 4 yrs, Sat 71h (L. Snowden) 2 Capt. Christie's The Dane, 3 yrs, 6st 41b (Bray) 3 Eltham Beauty and Antidote also ran. Betting—Even on Cast-off, 7 to 4 agst Ancient Briton, 4 to 1 agst The Dane. Won by a neck ; two lengths between the second and third, and the same distance between the third and fourth. HORSES STRUCK OUT OF THEIR ENGAGE- MENTS. Aug. 29 at 9 a.m., Burgomaster, out of all engagements. Broke his feg and has been destroyed. Aug. 27, aenoon, Infanta, out of Juvenile Stakes, Derby. Aug. 27, at 4.30 p.m., Market Gardener out of his Lich. field end Doncaster engagements this year. Aug. 27, at 4,30 p.m., Oxford, out of Champagne Stakes, at Doncaster'. Aug. 27, •at Oxford (to the clerk of the course), Ratla goon, Guerilla, Mixture, ahcl. Jenny Longlegs, out of their Derby engagements. Aug. 29, at 9 a.m., Clydesdale, out of Wolter Cup, at Warwick. _ _ Aug. 29, after 6 p.m., Nimrod and Schism, out of their Lichfield engagements. Aug. 30, at 3 p.m., Blue Jacket, out of Great Yorkshire Handicap. Aug. 31, at 9 a.re., Rouble, out of all engagements. Aug. 31, at 9 a.m., The Miller, out of Cardiff Hurdle Race. AQUATICS. WEST LONDON ROWING CLUB, The junior scullors' prize of this club was contested on Wednesday by Messrs. J. Fuller and B. A. Shuckard, the course, as usual, being from Putney-bridge to Alexander's, at Chelsea. The raco was an exciting one, both being level to the Feathers, Wandsworth. Mr. Fuller then drew slightly ahead, but increased his lead at Price's*Candle Factory, and eventually won at Chelsea by very nearly five lengths, Mr. Shuckard rowing a plucky stern wager. The secretary umpired the match with a club crew. WINDSOR AND ETON REGATTA. This annual gathering on the banks of the Thames of the two towns, came off on Wednesday, the course being be tween Windsor Bridge and Clewer Point, and under the excellent management of the committee of the last two years this sporting affair has arrived at a position second only to the Henley regatta. Although the day was not so favourable as could have been wished, the banks along the Brocas to the Clump, as Also the eyot by the bridge, were lined with spectators. The band of the Ist Life Guards being present, contributed to the enlivenment of the scene. On this occasion no less than 20 beautiful silver cups were contested for. The following is the programme : AMATEURS' PAIR-OAR RACE. Mr. G. Williams and Mr. W. M00re.... Blue and White 1 AMA'fEUns' SCULLING.' Mr. J. Ivery Whito 1 TOWN PRESENTATION CUP. Four oars. First Heat. Messrs. S. Lingwood, H. Simpson, IV. IroweS, J. Dar ling, Jacobs (coxswain) Red ) Pink ) and Blue 1 Second Heat. Messrs. A. Nixon, A. NeiFhbour, T. Brown, Dark Blue 1 bour, Haverley (cexswfun) Final Treat. Darling's crew • . • AMATEURS' CANOE RACE. Six started. Won cleverly by Mr. Crespell, a young French gentleman from Mr. Harris's establishment. AMATEURS' SINGLE PUNTING. Six started. Won by Mr. C. Wools. CHALLENGE CUP. Four WS. Won by the Excelsior Club ; held last year by the Windsor Rowing Club. AMATEURS' DINGY RAM', Twelve started; won by Mr. W. Barrett. SCRATCH. EIGHT •OAR RACE. Three crews started ; won by Mr. H. Williams' crew. Mr. Sheriffs' crew was winning easily, until the rudder string broke, and sent them into the bank, when the se cond boat rowed into them, and eapsised them. _. There were several other matches, chiefly punting, by the watermen of Windsor and Eton college. QUEEN'S PLATE FOR CANADA.—Lovers of the turf, and Canadians generally.,,will be interested at learning that the Toronto Turf Club has received official intimation from the Governor-General that her Majesty Queen Victoria has graciously pleased to announce, through the Colonial Secretary, her intention of giving to the Toronto Turf Club annually the rounififent contribution of 50 guineas. The Queen's Plate, as the royal gift will be called, will henceforward be grand feature # the Toronto rum— Conmaan Aro?rs, _ FLUCTUATIONS IN THE TR DOM: ADE OF THE UNITED KING, The relative fluctuations'in-the trade of the var fo ous ports of the United Kingdom consti tute one the most interesting points of commercial inquiry? since in all cases they arise either from iraportauts changes in the consuming or productive capacitie_ of the several foreign countries with which erre Oar e port maybe principally connected , or from sup one progress in the mode of conducting business at e port as compared with another , t he extension 01 local enterprise, the openino• of new cornraunie.a; tions by rail or steam, or from an increase i A tia habits of industry in p a rticular districts. 'A re vil Sion from over-Speculation will so metimesaff ect one port to a disproportionate degree , and strikes or 01 , dissensions among the mechanics or artisans neihbouring towns Will also frequen tl y cause a r,e; tro g rade movement,- and give an ad vantage in til.a race to some rivalemporium which may never-n:4,li be recovered. An official return lately corninie furnishes the means of testing the relative progr.cs! of the 12 ports of the country, showing have made a forward and which a retrograde Ine,‘„. meat during the past year, Contrasted with leo i mea ts. It must. be premised that the general ship _ last year. presented. a falling off of rather more than 5 per cent., and that consequently any • P°, which maintained its ground must be considereu2 when compared with its rivals, to have madetilene actual progress of more than 5 per cent., w° . 5 any port that shows a reductions of less than held per cent. must be considered to have fully uplie,, which its relative position. Now, it appears that one -1110- of the number actually showed a positive increascii that one out of the remainder showed only a small diminution, and that the remaining- five experiencete a reducticin not merely equal in the aggregate the whole decrease in the trade of the year, but also'Do e L ondon , which the extent of the gain at,the oth er p ort which achieved a positive increa se were ," per cent.. about 31 per cent. ; Southampton, 81 Glasgow, 11 per cent. ; Greenock,' 84 per ee,e ,l • . _. Dublin, 53 per cent. ; and Cork , 2 pe r cent. p. si: which figure. on the adverse side are LixerM3 about 8 .per. cent.; .1 - 1u11,14. per cent. • per cent:; , Newcastle; 13 per cent.;. anCl Belfast, 'l4 per cent.' Leith also shows •a.falling •offt as it is only to the . extent of a half per cent;while ta: general statistics would, have warranted*fecr,efis•n of 5 per .cent., it will. be. seen that. she. prese, ° `' ,Bristol, .1., So fact a relative gain or more than 41 pr cenl• • i ll far as these . results •can be depen ded upon, it twill be for the merehantS of eackport to discus s in Nv t u or degree they may be attributable to perrnane n : be to temporary and exceptional causes. : It is,' , °, as regretted, however, that they cannot be -receivey• a , affording anything beyond a very rough apre:(ll%.. tion. An official statement of the value oft e i ports at each -place would give•a much Useful framed mor test, since a return of that kind would be frtT l a d upon definitive Custom.house calculations, ins ' e the of upon hap-hazard declarations of value, as 0' case in our tables of exportations. , ------. DR. SMETHUBS7' S TO TIIR EDITOR OF TILE TIME& „ r a.. Sir,—ln the Times of this morning there is a graph respecting my visits to the prison ,o l ere.. l “ 10 brother is confined,. which • is evidently i n tende a ~ impress imaginary ideas on the mi nds of the unul formed. Intelligent persons know that prison regulati°rllis. do not . admit any private interview withal) Pi a soner my brother's position. He is in a r ° ,f a ve company with two officers, to which room 1 too no access, and outside this room are placed l er , chairs, one for me and tho other for the P c i al nor, and above our heads, when se ated, is a sillon. wire-perforated window, through which lc° h t verse in fair, open, loud 'language. I hav e sl or no favour nor passed or received any rosecrets. any has the Governor or any officer pffered % autt : favour. They have all done their strict such, bat with a courteous, civil disposition, 11.4 the Governor does not forget his duty by rC ia t i is the discipline of the prison, at the same tirnei.uero.. doubtlessly a humane man consistently )v'it' pro' doubtlessly He acts just as I should if 1 were fr..ng nor of a prison. The other matter is undesersl notice, but the insertion of this will o blige . , 6 your obedient servant, JAMES Sganigits'r• Brompton, Sept. 1. We have been requested to publish the fell °Wns report of an interview with the Home Secretarie..:' —"Mr. Henry B. Sheridan, M.P., having been,r4 quested by the friends of D. Smethurst, attenuove yesterday at the Home-office with a petition t° 1 ., $ Queen, signed by Mary Smethurst, the P ' "- L ne l v is wife. Mr. S eficiency her of evidence . against and nunic t r. arguments in 'favour 'of the prisoner; an f a , er , Sheridan then introduced' the wife of the pro °— f Mary Smethurst, and Mrs. Smith, the inistress.°_ the boarding-house at Bayswater ill three parties resided. The statements which theset two ladies made were listened to with the gre c te te attention and patience by the Secretary offt.„ll,j, and various points were cleared up and 0:T 1 4 1 T - he which had been left in Mystery at the trial. co two ladies made their statements NV i t h clearn and force, and with great apparent trutlifuln.cisr. and, as it seemed, with considerable effect. .I'l., Waddington was present during the interc.lTilyi which lasted an hour and' a-half. Mr. Sher lu de d. eye the urged upon Si? George Lewis his opinion, foulog.. upon the public feeling, that a reprieve was P.,, tively necessary, if only to afford an oPP° r ° llll4 for further investigation." COUNTRY IlfAßfffirg DMANCIIESTER--SrrT• 1. s od There was about an averageshow o f wheat toclaY , c i. ~f the attendance was moderate. A trifling amaan'; '26 ness doing. Old English wheat declined js, a" n o il ts per qr. Flour sold slowy, at ls per sack cheaper. wore ld per 451bs, and oatmeal ls per load lower. Doa lls 64 to is cheaper. Indian corn rather firmer. BIRMINGII:AIq—SErT. 1. rrl a o Nrilt 4 weltA small supply of welt at market to-da, rucy b .i -dull, but no reduction on the currency' of la y. -r st NVCCi milted to. Oats in retail deman.d, at late r ates. 13:11,01 in fair demand, and quite as dear. BeaUS and peas " in limited quantities, at former prices. . • • 1:0U171: -Anti. 31. " °t(llli l er b /111 and mixed, old and new, ,39S to A very'small amount of bUsiness was do ne to- re prices were at no. advance on - las t week, vir-, '.orts nothing of any consequence doing.' per qr. In Sales we E re D a l g N ai r he lt a 7 te.: G d ß a tlN — A ud ' "ll ' I _.... ga dOW P Wheat on the top 'OS • 6(1 down s . • erago 'Os ..... a ° • 2 s loci uP• Barley on the top. Qs 6d up... ...... .average n 5 d &op' Oats on the top Os 3d down .. ..... averao u,;" 5 a (10 0 ' Beans on the top 2s Gd down . .. ..... average Y 3 'Averages per. Imperial quarter. £.2• 3 5 7212thg Wheat.... ........ 2 New Barley Oats -12thg • -12ths Beans • Total Supply and Sales. . . 857 Wheat • ... -715 rs. • . Sold- 488 qr arley. .. . qr 5........ So ld 756 qrs Oats :1176 r 5........ S old 845 qrs Beans 2O qr 5........ Sold 6 qrs CORK—AUG. 31. The following were the quotation s this morning r ••,---% wheat, 17s 9d to 21s 0 ; white, 22s Gd to .--s Od; balq Od to 16s 6d; oats, 9s 9d to 12s Od. DERBY SMITHFIELD —Avg . no ' best quality scarce, in good request, The supply of fat stock to-day was only a limited 0110.,! a clearance being readily effected. Sheep and lambs W___°,. in very large supply, _at fully late rates. Fat at w?r; not so plentiful, most of which were disposed of. Fat P ig more numerous, and well sOld. • a to 0 1 Beef Mutton .... Cd 'to 7d Pork .......... 5u to :_. Lamb .. 73,d to —d Rough fat, 5s 3d per so e Hides, 3 , 7t1 to 51c1; calf skins, &.__1tf...6.-12..02.. _I and very' well sotra BIRTHS. woad, BRIGHT.-0 11 the I st inst., at the Cedars, Harrow Lady Bright, of a daughter. CltAKE.—On the 31st ult. , a t S t. Leonards-ouat 1.1/114. Valid°leur Crake, of a daughter. DEANE.---011 the 31st ult., at Bedford, the wife of the B el'. \V . . Deane, A.M., of a son and heir. CIIICTrSTER.—On the 29th tilt., at Clifton, Mrs. I\ IV Chichester, of a da.aghter. MARRIAGES. INGRAMCRAWLE Y.—On the 31st ult., at St• A 1111 ,,, ° Church, Highgate-rise, the Rev. H. INi-wining Ingo","' eldest son of Hugh Ingram Esq . ., of Stevningy ~,,,Sli°c-i to . Mary, eldest daughter of Ingram, -. A. CrriwleY ' EA. ' ° Fitzroy Farm, Highgate. . George K f t i , ihe Fulham,- - 1 - - a t i ‘ e l A . s Mr. °d Nw E a lv a l . Edward King,il "i e C.. Mary Anne Mason, of Wiinberley House, Fulham ilst"King, gs., i g n , s o t fo .. f „ csabytadn;ke2ehlr Saints'yal.3.i,a, DEATHS. gr '• ASTON.—On the 28th t., at New Broad-street, 1.. M. Aston, late of the ritish Museum. Chas . CANNING.-0n the 24th ult., at Denia, Spain, Fred• Canning, merchant, aged $ 4 . .14ierrr CILEEE.—On the 3d July, at Conoor, On the Ns , : 7 meal.. hills. George Nicholas Cheek, Esq.,, Ofte!rdtolli°s; C 0 OPER.—On the 21 ult., at Poonab, Harz let, Nv.l in. • Cooper, Esq., traffic manager of the Great Indian sular Railway. ,„ hoe 8.1., Lieu• CU MBERLEGE.—On tho 7th July, at If.RIIIIC 7 0 we., tenant J. C. Cumberlege Ist Bombay Europ s a_ _ wiry eldest son of Colonel Cuniberlege, of the ISladra (-)a ------------. —--------- 0-01°' LONDO37. : Printed and Published b D1URP...°_..1:140. 112, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Met °lnce Strand, in the Precinct of the WO, Niddiesez, Friday, Set,eto,ber (4,_1.659. i n the 001 of TI nn( al VI V Shi t.t r ol be C'() i ng Vi c sea the or, Vre ihr