The Sun. — London, England, 1859-12-02 00:00:00

la. BRIGHT AT LIVERPOOL. LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY NIGHT. The Liverpool Financial Reform Association held a soiree in the Philharmonic Hall this evening. The spacious hall, capable of accommodating 3,100 or 4,000 persons, was filled in every part. Messrs. Cobden and Bright had both been invited to attend, in order to express their views upon the &est means of advancing the objects of the association, but, as will be teen from the subjoined letter, Mr. Cobden was prevented by illness from being present on the occasion. On the platform were Mr. J. Bright, M.P., Mr. J. C. Swart, M.P., Mr. Pollard-Urquhart, Mr. Pillting ton, M.P., Mr. George Hadfield,.M.P. Mr. Bright was received on his arrival with loud cheers. The chair was occupied by Mi. Charles Robertson, in the absence from severe indisposition of Mr. Robertson Gladstone, tho pre sident of the association. Letters of apology for unavoidable absence were received from Mr. Cobden (on account of indisposition), and the following other members of Parliament :—Lord Fermoy, Mr. S. Laing, Colonel Sykes, Mr. Caird, Mr. W. J.. Fox, Mr. J. L. Ricardo, Mr. Ayrton, Mr. Scholefield, Mr. Ker shaw, Mr. Alcock, Mr. Salt, and Mr. W. Ewart. A com munication to the same effect was received from the Earl of Sefton, Lord-Lieutenant of the county, who stated that he wished every success to the object of the meeting. Mr. Cobden's letter, which was addressed to Mr. Robert. eon. Gladstone, President of the Liverpool Financial Re form Association, was as follows : " Paris, Nov. 28. "My dear Sir,—For the last 10 days I have been con -fined to my bedroom by severe indisposition, originating in a cold and cough, followed by fever, which has left me in a state of considerable debility. My medical attendant, who promises me, with care and caution, a speedy recovery, warns me that to undertake a journey to Liverpool to ad dress a large public meeting would, in the present state of my lungs, be almost an act of suicide. I need not assure you how deeply I regret to be unable to fulfil my long standing promise to be with you on the Ist. Ido not, however, ask you to release me from my engagement, but only to allow me to postpone its fulfilment to a future and I hope early opportunity. " There never was a moment when I felt greater interest than at • present in the realisation of your society's pro;. gramme for substituting direct for indirect taxation. If I required an illustration of the importance of your principle, which ,implies the removal of Custom-house impediments between nations; I should find it in. ihe present relations of England and France. " What means this periodiCal visitation, which, like the cholera or some other infectious disease, has, every two or three years since 1547, caused the panic cry of a French in vasion to overspread England, and which at the present moment is heard again in tones as loud and menacing ,as ever? Here am I, With all my children, in the very jaws of the imaginary monster which has been conjured up to terrify my good countrymen, and yet I feel no less safe from attack or injury of any kind, so long as I refrain from mo lesting or wronging others, than it• I were residing. in Lon don or Liverpool. Whence springs the idea of danger which pervades the public mind at home ? I attribute it mainly to the want of - intercommunication, and the consequent igno rance and prejudice which prevail respecting the character and designs of our nearest continental neighbour. "Here are two of the greatest nations, separated only by the narrowest strip of ocean, with their distinct and proud annals, their rival traditions, their differences in race, la-a guage, and religion, all tending to prodxce alienation ; but nature, which always works by laws of compensation, has endowed the two countries with a variety of productions, and imparted to the population an instinctive desire to sup ply each others wants and deficiencies, which, had nature's laws been allowed their free action, would have brought the two nations into such constant contact and communication, and laid them under such mutual dependence, as would have subdued the merely latent causes of antagonism, and rendered impossible the present state of hostility and alarm. But, down almost to the present day, the Governments of the two countries have devoted their energies to the task of preventing,ias far as possible, any commercial intercourse between them. The baneful consequences are naturally such as we behold,. Let us hope that legislators will awaken to a sensr : of the responsibility which attaches to those who thus array themselves against the obvious laws of the Creator•. " Meanwhile, your society will, I hope, persevere in its useful labours, and continue to draw around you the sym pathy and co-operation of good men. You are not a political organisation; your functions are those of an edricator, and your objeatiis to prepare the public mind for the future ac tion of the statesman. The day for the full realisation of your views- may still be remote, but, step by step, we every year approach nearer to the desired goal. You have only to persevere in the advocacy of your huniane, just, and peaceful principles, and God will assuredly, in his own good time, crown your labours with success. " Believe me, yours very truly, "RICHARD COBDEN." Mier some introductory remarks by the Chairman, the fallowing address to Mr. Cobden, Mr. Bright, and General Tb ompson. was read to the meeting " Gentlemen,—We, the council and friends of the Finan cial Reform Association, assembled this evening, while ten dering to you a warm welcome to Liverpool, tak the oppor tunity of recording our sincere and grateful ack-nowledg meats for the numerous and important services rendered by each of you during past years to the cause of public liberty and good government. Especially do we thank you for the energy, perseverance, and abilityso disinterestedly displayed in obtaining for the people of the United Kingdom an un. restricted trade in the great staple article of human food. Livingin one of the chief centres of foreign commerce, we have had every opportunity kr observing the operation of Sir R. Peel's free trade measures, and we are doing only the barest justice to those who toiled so long and so ear nestly to force that policy on a reluctant Government and Parliament in thus recording our conviction that the bene ficial effects of these measures have in every respect exceeded the expectations held out by their promoters, and that to them, under Previdence, are we mainly indebted for the in ternal peace, good order, general improvement, and compa rative prosperity by which these islands have ever since been honourably distinguished, even while engaged in fo reign wars, and when society in neighbouring countries was shaken to its centre by rovolutioaary movements. But now the/ the system to. called of protection has been for mally renounded by the Government and the Legislature, why, it • inisy be asked, are so. many protective duties still allowed to remain on our tariff, inflicting, as they admittedly do, grievous injury on the public, and exposing us, as a nation, to the well-merited reproach of professing the strongest faith in the great principles of free trade, while, practically, • we are guilty of gross inconsistency or dis honesty in not carrying them out to their legitimate con• elusion ? In this unworthy position are we, and must re main until the protective duties on timber, wine, spirits, butter,; eb.essse, and numerous manufactured articles are swept away. The mission of the Anti-Corn Law League is still unful filled. " In'onr judgment, the time has now arrived when the Free Trade weatioa must receive a wider application than has hitliiirto _been accorded .to it. While fully admitting that duties for Protection are worse in principle, a n d usua lly More hijasions ia practice, than those levied.merely for re veinae, we yet believe that in their effects on the foreign trade of the country they are, in many respects, identical. Invented in times snore or less barbarous, when the benefits of crunaterce were but little appreciated, they exist alike in defiance of common justice, common sense, and sound eco homicalscience, Equally an obstruction to the free ex change of commodities, they both operate to . restrict pro duction, to diminish consumption, to limit the arca for the profitable pyiployment of capital and labour, and to deprive the workman of his natural right to exchange the produce of his Ir,hani• where he pleasps. And while it may be per haps, dial hit to award to each its dos share in this heavy catalognanf wrongs inflicted on trade and industry, it may be safely affirmed that Customs and Excise duties have this particular aggravation of evil, that they do in effect shift the burden of taxation from property to industry, and com mit the double injustice of placing obstacles is the way of trade, byaahich the demand for, and the wage of, labour are dintinfshod. and at the same time of imposing on the labour thus restricted the obligation •to pay debts incurred and to support estliblishments existing chiefly for the pro tecron of pron:rty. " They appear to us, therefore, unworthy of - retention in any civilisttafaoininunity, and least of all among a people boastingeof their liberty, whose wealth and greatness have sprung, from, and are maintained by, manufactures and trade. We cannot understand the freedom of him whe is forbidden to labour, and to exchange the produce of his industry in the world's market, at his own pleasure or con - - venienee; or the Willey of limiting the production and sale of so many most important articles, by artificially increasing their price; unless the object be to prevent trade from grow ing too. great,land too valuable, and the community too pros perous and powerful. If the relaxation or removal of some shackles from the limbs of industry has been found so uni versally beneficial—and chiefly, be it observed, by those who dreaded it - most—what incalculable blessings may not be expected to flow from striking off those which remain ? What limit shall we set to the progress of civilisation, ma terial prosperity, morality, and peace, when commerce shall go forth among the nations to assuage the woes of poverty, to give scope fir the spread of instruction, and, like a disen- • • thrilled Hercules, to direct the purifying currents of health ful and well-requited labour through the foul haunts of wretchedness, filth, and sin? We agree with Mr. John Stuart Mill, in - the opinion that a Commerce first taught na tions no sec with goodwill the wealth-and prosperity of one another.. ,Before, the patriot, unless sufficiently advanced in culture to feel the world his country, wished all countries weak, peril-, and ill-governed but his own • he now sees in their wealth and progress a direct source of wealth and pro tress tai his own country. It is commerce which is rapidly rendering; war obsolete, by strengthening .and multiplying the persinaal interests which are in natural oppositionto it. And it may be said without exaggeration that the great ex tent and rapid i ncrease a internional trade, in being the principi&guarantee of the peace of the world, is the great permanefit security for the uninterrupted progress of the ideas, the institutions, and the character of the human race.' "We contend that it is not only most desirable, but per fectly practicable, whenever public opinion is matured, to abolish the present cumbrous, costly, and barbarous sys tem of taxation.. Many things apparently4far more difficult, and respecting which men's passions and prejudices were much more violently excited, have been in our time happily . accompliehed ; and we firmly believe that there are no diffi culties in the way of this great change which may not be overemue by ordinary courage and resolution. We have the fullest confidence that by the repeal of all taxes on industry, awl the sithatitutio n era cyst eni of direct taxation levied in some reasonably fair proportion to the means and property of the taxpayers, every clue Of the community; and chiefly the wealthy, would be largely and spe e dily b enef i ted, while the pressure . Of the nablic - burdens would be reduced in three several ways :---1, by increasing vastly and indefinitely the ;avails fts liay theta through unlimited frdedotu of trade ; 2,. by saving to the community the enormous Cost of the whole , sale and retail profits en the duties, and the , great expense of the tilx . eise and Customs establishments; i, by inducing econom expanolittlre, and making the Hou s e o f Com mons again in reality what they have long ceased to be, save in wirie s stewards ,of the public purse. a w e h a lt your presence here to-night, g entlemen, as an assurance Mat, fri greanquestion shall - at length - receive due We assume that you agree " nsidernti " " n 1 (lic."si( i "l s . A ..e.ift Metal ment free -with thinking trade has proved tal t i h- a L ia t not fitting that the 'indefinitely post e the . enterprise sltol:iil be C:ll ‘., :s t ri mi c'ef: . ali sp si ct o r f paned, nal •nothing be clone, the £xcheod 7 r,'ln Sl•eteotyPecl pliraseelos t L' the mon ey,' . ara , at ilt, on the contrary,you air of opution that the resuliai ef one recent ex peiserce combine pith the de ductiona4 political economy in de inenaarat in g. timt the surest and speediest means ef increasing the revenue is In, by remoV- • a everniimpedinient from the peefset freedom of ins ne• dustry and exclaiinges and that he alone is de,er.ie of thaname •of statearrian who; disregarding the antiquated baclittons of office, is prepared - boldly to ailvanee Mahe path marked ont • by the sitecesafiel policy of theslast 17 years, and to provide for the requirements of the public service by taxing, notthe 1 _ . processes by which wealth is produced, but the wealth Itself, when actually realised by its possessor. " In this faith and hope we once niore bid you gratefully and heartily welcome to Liverpool." Mr. Bnieurv, Whose rising was greeted by vehement cheering) Said—Mr. Chairman, Ladies, and Gentlemen,—l, wish I were able in fitting language to Make some answer to the address whith has just been presented to me, and which was also intended, and may be underistood t to be pre sented to my friends Mr. Cobden and General • ThOisipson ; but I can make no emitter to it but this; I feel most grateful to the council of this association, and to all present who have taken part in the presentation of this address. If vie have done anything that is wor thy of it, we can only endeavour to repay you by striving to do that in the future which may not allow you to look back on the proceedings of this even ing with regret. I am sorry—more sorry than any one else in this room, I believe—Gen. Thompson and Mr: Cobden are not here, for I thought I was coining to this hail on this occasion as an auxiliary, and I find myself in the position of having a much larger share of labour thrown on me to night than I hadcalculatedupon. However , whether friends of mine be present or absent, this I can say with a clear conscience, that I am ready now, as I believe 1 always shall be as long as health or any power of usefulness is given me, to co-operate heartily with your association, and with any association whatever that shall endeavour to carry out in the legislation of this country those great and noble princis pies on which your movement is founded. (Cheers.) There aro many minds so small as. to *emu only capable of ridiculing that which is noble; minds which are unable to comprehend the grandeur of the scheme which this society offers to the. public ; they cannot understand the simplicity or the eleva tion of the purpose which they have set befote themselves in the attempt to abolish custom-houses, and to make the world, not a number of nations jealous of and dreading each other, often fighting each other, but rather one vast nation governed by separate municipalities, but living in perfect 'happiness and harmony together.• (Cheers.) Let us endea vour to-night to look at this question with the eyes of men of business and of common sense, with that kind of faculty which. we bring to bear on our own private affairs when we are considering the course we ought to take. Your associa tion proposes to influence Government on two points—first, as much as possible to confine the Government to an econo mical expenditure ofpublic money; And, secondly, to confine them to this simple principle of j ustie,e, that. whatever may be the amountrequired to be levied, it shall be levied from the people in proportion to the property which every man pos sesses by reason of the security which the Government gives him. (Cheers.) I think you will scarcely meet with a man of ordinary intelligence who will not say at once that it is fair, in a State where large funds have to be raised to carry on the purposes of Government, that all should sub scribe according to their , means ; and, that being agreed upon, one would suppose it would not be difficult to arrange the system by which that end could be arrived at. That end, however, can only be attained by some plan of what is called direct taxation, because if you turn to taxes upon necessary articles of consumption, you will at once discover that though the consumption, for example, .of bread, but ter, beef, cheese, tea, coffee, and sugar is equal to a great extent in all the families among the people, that is no test of an equality in the means of those families. The more, 'therefore, you fix your taxes on the basis of what you sup pose is an equal consumption of taxed articles, the more yondepart necessarily from the principle we have laid down —namely, that men should pay in proportion to the pro perty they possess. Nature has made us all so much alike that any 20 men dining will eat just about as much as any 20 other men dining with the same fare before them—(a laugh)—but the 20 men at one table may be worth £lOO,OOO, or, for aught I know, £1,000,000 a-piece, while the other 20 men may not have more than the Is. 6d. or 2s. which they will be called upon to pay for their dinner. The con-: sumption of taxed articles, then, is no criterion whatever of the means of particular individuals or families, and can never be honestly adopted as the rule or measure of taxa tion by those who admit that taxation should be regulated by the means of the taxpayer. (Cheers.) Well, this does not look like a very irrational proposition. I dare say, however, that some newspapers in yonr town; and no doubt . two or three; perhaps half a dozen, in London, the day after to-morrow will tell us that it is irost irrational and revolutionary. (A. laugh.) Some rich men—but 'I am happy to say not many among the trading classes—doubt the principles we are now upholding, and think it would be pernicious to the - country. Among the landed pro prietors, who are always the least informed on these ques tions, you find a very strong dread of what you propose. This arises in some, doubtless, from selfishness, but in many others purely, I believe, from entire iamorance of the facts and requirements on which our position is based. I Maintain that the landed; gentry • 'of England ought to be very modest on subjects of this nature. Twenty years ago an agitation was begun on the Corn Laws by a body of gentlemen as few as the Council of your association ; and, while some of those predictions were put forth, seine of which are still almost ringing in our earse there were Some great men in this country, and at least one dnke, who gave the country full notice that they should leave it if any such measure as the League advocated was carried. ' (Laughter.). In fact, we all expected that if anybody wanted to see a duke hereafter he would be obliged to go abroad to get a glimpse of one. (A. laugh.) Well, what has happened? That probably twice as much corn and cattle has come into this country during the last 13 years as alsmst anybody anticipated—amounting, in fact, to something like 20 mil lions sterling per annum in value. The dukbs are net gone, the land is more valuable than ever it was under Pro tection, the class of farmers is higher, there is more capital laid out upon the land, and millions of your countrymen to whom the law denied the commonest right of free men, and who were then suffering periodical starvation of the bitterest kind, are now living in a degree of comfort to which they had hitherto been unaccustomed. (Cheers.) Am • I not, then; entitled to say that the landed proprietors,. noblemen, and gentlemen of England—many of them so kind person ally, so unwilling, as I believe, to do an unjust act—on this - great question were wholly mistaken ? ' (CheerS.) Go a 'little further ; when the income-tax was laid on for the pur pose of enabling certain considerable changes •in the tariff , to be mane, there was great dislike to that tax. There are very good reasons for disliking it apart from that for which we dislike all taxes—because they take our, money. But mater 'persons dislike it because they did not like the object for which it was imposed—namely, :to snake approaches in the direction of Free Trade; and yet everybody knows who knows anything—(laughter)—there may be people who know nothing—(laughter)—but if you can find a per son who knows anything from his own discovery, frets his , own thought, I will undrtake to say he knows that it was by the imposition of the income-tax that the amendment of the tariff was mostly done under Sir Robert Peel's Govern ment, and that it has been productive not only of very great advantage to the labouring people and commercial classes in this country, but that it has actually increased and given additional security to the riches of the landed proprietors themselves. '(Cheers.) So now this scheme which is put' before the country by your association is ridiculed by some as an imagination of a lunatic—scoffed at by others as a democratic and revolutionary movement. The thee will. come when every sensible man in England will admit that the carrying out of these great principles has proved to be an additional step in the salvation of tke poor, had to have conferred additional blessings upon , those who were fortu nate enough to be rich. , (Cheers.) ' But we cannot conceal froin ourselves that there aro people who sometimes think that if you are saying anything for the pour you mean some thing ill to the rich. (A laugh.) You cannot make a speech as I am doing now without being' either mistaken, or mis represented, or calumniated. A man cannot write a letter to his constituents without having I don't know how many newspapers barking at his heels as if he was sPreading some desperate disloyalty through the nation. .(Laughter.) I wrote a letter a few weeks ago to a respectable association amen.- my constituents iii thotown of Birmingham, in which I touched upon the subjectof the income-tax, and upon the pressure of indirect taxation on the labouring population of this country. Now, if you would 'allow me I would like to show you what kind of instructors in-political economy some of these great authorities arc. (A laugh.) I said in my letter what I thought nobody would have been disposed to call in question, that the Customs and . Excise raised more than' 12,000,000 collected upon articles—the great bulk Of which is consumed by that portion of the population which has no property but its labour, and no income but its wages .--(cheers)—and which, as might be expected from the fact just stated, has no voice in Parliament, and' is really without representation in the Government of the country. (Cheers.) And I said, further, that a greater proportion of the heaviest taxation in the world is thrown upon the class possessing no property but its labour than is the case with other countries whose system of taxation we aro acquainted with. I said, also, that there is, something essentially mean and singularly cruel in the manner in which the taxes of this country have been and aro still levied. (Cheers.) Well, now the most influential newspaper in this country, from its long-standing, its large circulation, and great means, is the Times. The Times has written several articles on' hie particular letter, and it would be difficult to say which of them is the most illogical, or the one which most entirely Contradicts what it has said in a hundred others of its articles on questions of political economy. (A. laugh.) But in its number of the llth of November there occurs this passage : "It is impossible to say who ,are not affected by a tax." Now, that is not the question. The question is, who is af- . fected by a tax ? (A laugh.) The Times, however, says : "'lt is impossible to say who are not affected by a tax; whether it be direct or indirect, whether it be aimed at in come or expenditure, whether at one class or another: The employer pap the, employed, and he pays them according to their usual rate of If they cannot or will not work without beer, spirits, anetobacco, or if they will give their families tea, coffee, and sugar, he has no choice, but to give them wages sufficient to provide those luxuries." . Now,sl will read this passage as it might be read with equal logic .: —The employer pays the employed, and he pays them ac cording to their usual rate of living. If they cannot or will not work withour beer, spirits, and tobacco, or if they.will • give their families tea, coffee, and sugar, and a carriage and pair—(laughter)—he has ,no choice but to give them wages sufficient to provide these luxuries. Again, in the same ar ticle it is said, " Whether the 65 millions is extracted immez diately and nominally out of- the income or out of the ex penditure—out of the employer's pocket or out of the pocket of the tradesman who,supplies the: employers, .ser vants, and workpeople—makes but little difference to the effect of the taxation on individuals; the incidence or pres sure is on all sides." Now, if this were true there could be no objection whatever, and it would be much the simplest mode to lay all the taxation if it were possible on the pro prietors of the Times—(laughter) —o r on the proprietors of land. The whole; or at least the largest portion of this rea soning is a simple mystification, and the conclusion of the writer is that somehow or other the £05, - 000,000 are ob tained, arid" the incidence is on all sides." Why, I under hike to say, and no man with the sma ll es t id ea of political economy will attempt to de y it, that if the duties on tea, coffee, sugar, malt, spirits, tobacco, and those artielea which are mostly ,used by the great body of the people were all re pealed , to-night, not only would there not be a singlela bower in Lancashire whose wages would fall, but I believe every man's wages would rise., (Cheers.) Now, the man who wrote this must either' be a very ignorant man, which it Would be a great offence to a writer in. the Times to assert, or elce he must be; what is much worse, a than of a, very low mora'ity, who thinks he can say anything to-a public for whose intellect - 114'11as a sovereign contempt. But another paper of long-standing,and great respectability, the Spet.t iv, in an article certainly- not in the least degree offensive to me, contains reasoning of much the same kind, and only said to myself when I road it, " What a declension from the time when :Is. Psintoul conducted the Spectator to the gentleman, whoever he may be,. who now manages its f‘ 171 re rr.TI - Ta -7> •-s` THE SttN, LONDON, PRIDAY EVENING, DKCEMBER 2, 1859. advertise all the Custom-houses to be let, and that the last Custoni-house_ officer, the last Coastguardsman, end the last smuggler . shOttlcl be preserved as curiosities iu the Bri tish Museum-e(a laugh)—but I am going to mention what I think would be a great and practicable step in the right direction, and what might ultimately lead to the accom plishment of the complete object which your association has in view. If you examine recent Parliamentary returns you will find that, excluding the property of every man who does not possess £lOO in any shape, the whole property of the country amounts to something like £700,000,000. My own calculations make it £670,000,000. If that property could be fairly got at, and a reasonable tax imposed upon it all, a large sum would be' easily obtained. Some persons may say that you would not get at as much of it as pays incomes -4a, but there is no reason why you should not be • able to put VAR' hand upon more of it. There will always , be peeple swilling to add taxation, but the more just your syetemes the fewer they will be, and the more men are con vinced that a great change has been a great blessing the more they will he disposed to support and continue that new state of things. (" Hear," and cheers.) Suppose, then, you were to passn law that every £lOO of property, exclud ing the property of those who do not possess £lOO, should pay annually the sum of Bs. to the State ; that tax would procure about 24 millions per annum, or more than four times as much as the income-tax last year. It would be impoed, over many more persons, it would be collected at an inconsiderable expense, and if district committees were appointed, partly by the Government and partly by tax payers, it would be more cheerfully paid and produce less of heartburnine and complaint than the present income tax. (Cheer'.) What would be the pressure ? The pos hsees:poro of f ot S h l o O r be - much y r , but tea, cheaper s t u o g a h , ma,n and d a his trade, in all probability would receive a stimulus such (i th W irg l a d t?ol ay ild Se b as it neert obtained before. (Hear.) The owner of £1,600 would pay £4 £o7€B,l* ; the owner of £lO,OOO, £4O ; the owner of £lOO,OOO, a 00; and the owner of £1,000,000, .£4,000, Is there anything unreasonable in that ? Is that revolutionter doctrine ? (Cheers.) What would bo the result ? lii the first place, trade would be extended to an enormous degree. SO what you would repeal ; the present incotnestax would go; and the duties upon 439 articles in the tariff, dutfce to which your association has sworn eternal hostility, would - also go. The income-tax produced last year £6,300,000, and the 439 articles 1750,000 ; tea, £5, 2 70000; sugar; £5,97 9 ,000; and other articles various stems, btinging up the whole amount to £27,000,000. If a tax of Bs. upon every £lOO were imposed the duties upon all those articles, including marine and other insurances, • could be abolished, trade would be 'extended, intercourse with other nations would be vastly and immediately in creased; manufactures, shipping, commerce, and agriculture would all participate in the benefits of the change. Better than all, the g rand result of all, the scale of comfort of the great body of the people would be a aised, while shopkeepers, retailers, traders of every kind would find their condition much improved. (Hear.) Since 18e6, to a large extent, in consequence of a, repeal of the cornlaws, our exports have more than doubled. Make the change I am now suggest ing, and our progress will be much greater then it has been during the last twelve years. (Cheers.) I repeet, then, in spite of those gentlemen connected with the press tit Lon don who were so uncivil to me that our present system Pf taxation is cruel in its operation to the poor. The guilt, whether it be of neglect or of intention, lies and must lie at the door of the rich and powerful, and at no other—(cheers) —but let ?Us euppose that you do not go the length I have stated, and that you do retain two taxes, which some ,people have a notion, though I think an erroneous one, ought to be maintained for moral considerations—the taxes upon spirits and tobacco. Those taxes produce a large sum, they are paid mainly by the working classes, and I ask you whether it would not be fair and reasonable to call upon the upper and middle clessee to sustain all other, burdens which might be required &relic purposes of the State ? I know what I amnow saying will not meet the approval of your association, which is agitating for the utter destruc tion of all Customhouses ; but, we must accept instalments, and even our opponents, when they saw the advantage of such a change as I have indicated, might at last consent to all our wishes. (Hear, hear.) For my complaint is that the people wha govern the country are not informed upon thisspiestion, that they do not wish to be informed, and that they commit a great injustice upon the poor by allow ing the present system of taxation to exist. I soy further, that Parliament is to blame because of the burdens it poses upon trade and industry, and from which it most unfairly exempts that vast amount of permanent property which is to be found in the soil of the kingdom. (Hear.) Let me direct your attention to a report of a department of taxation in which there is a great deal of injustice. Theee is a tax upon bills of exchange which produces £457,000, and,another upon receipts and draughts which produces £418,0 0; nearly the whole of those duties are paid by the trading community, and only a small proportion by the landed proprietors. So in the case of the tax on marine in surances. What can have been the composition of the head and.heart of the Chancellor of the Exchequer Who first pro posed a duty on marine insurances ? (Cheers.) It is one of the worst taxes that could be imposed, wholly indefensible, and ought to be'abolished. (Hear.) There is a remarkable peculiarity connected with the duty on fire insurances. Landed estates de not require to be insured from fire ; that was a good reason why no duty should be levied upon fire insurances, for why should the warehouses and shops of Liverpool and other towns be called upon to pay a tax which Cannot be applied to landed property ? The fact is, how ever, that not only has a duty been imposed upon fire in surances, but from that duty all farming stock is especially exempted. (Hear, hear.) No doubt under the old corn ‘ laws agricultural labourers were periodically starved, dis contented, and revengeful, but farming stock is now 'no-more insecure than any other description of property. I say • that the tax from which it is exempted is an impudent and oppression tax. (Cheers.) Let me give you one other illustration. A legacy duty is perfectly reason able, but to be fair' it ought to apply to all kinds of pro perty. Our legacy duty was imposed in 1797 ; the Minister who proposed it wanted to impose it upon every description of property, but he had not fathomed the depth ; no plummet line will ever fathom the depth of the selfishness of any particular class—no matter what class it may be— intrenched in the seats of irresponsible power. (Cheers.) Parliament obliged him to introduce two bills—one for per sonal property, the other for real property. What was the result? Our patriotic Legislature passed the bill which imposed a duty on personal property, but com pelled the Minister to withdraw the measure which related to freehold houses and land. Last year the probate duty produced £1,140,000, and the legacy duty £1,400,000. In 1853 Mr. Gladstone sought to remedy the in justice in partly passing whatia called a succession -tax; 'he stated that it would yield £2,000,000 a-year, but it has not produced more than from £700,000 to £BOO,OOO, and it is most unequaol in its operation. When a man dies and leaves £lO,OOO in ships, or cotton, railway shares, or public stock, it has to pay £l,OOO, or 10 per cent., in the shape of succession duty, but landed property to the same amount does not pay £l,OOO, or anything like it. In the latter case a calculation is made, based upon the annual value of the estate and the age of the person to whom it has been left, and the result is that a far less sum than the £l,OOO is paid to the State. It is a scandal and disgrace that such an inequality should exist. (Loud cheers.) But look for a moment at the grand result. From 1797 down to the present tims the legacy and probate duties imposed upon personality alone have, together, produced 103 million pounds. If you deduct 3 millions on account of the succession tax there will still remain 100 million pounds, which has been derived exclusively from personal property, and from which freehold houses and land have been entirely exempted. (Cheers.) With such facts before us I think we are justified in protesting against such a state of things, and in asking our fellow-countrymen to resolve that a fair and more honest system of taxation shall be 'established. (Hear.) The poor are taxed oppressively to spare the rich, and trade is taxed oppressively to spare landed .property—(cheers)—nor is the explanation‘difficult to find; our Parliament is essentially a Parliament of the rich; I have shown you that 24,000,000 of people living in houses.under the value of £lO are excluded from the repre sentation. which is confined. ' to 6,000,000, composing the upper and middle classes; but our Parliam en t, b es id es being a Parliament of . the rich, is•especially a P ar li amen t, o f th e landed gentry. - More than 200 members of the House of Commons are the nominees of some dozen of the chief pro prietors of land in the respective counties from which they come. (Hear.) 'What is the remedy ? There are two reme diis which perhaps may go together. O ne cons i s ts of spreading information upon .this subject, making this so universal that even with our present bad system of repre sentation the wrong might be redressed in some great excite ment and after some long and perhaps perilous agitation; the other is the amendment of our representative system. Surely it cannot be safe or advantageous to shut out 24,000,000 of people from representation in Parliament. The great mass of our countrymen are wholly unrepresented. Those who pay far more than half of our indirect taxes have no voice in the Parliament which imposes them. Oar mo narch is not absolute, and can perhaps do little to change our system of taxation while our Houses of Parliament are nut really responsible to the people for whom they purpose to legislate. I asked the ingenious gentleman connected with the Times, who discovered that if a working man set up a carriage and ;pair his employer would be fined to en able him to maintain that expenditure, to give him a plain answer to one or two questiOns. Do not the 24,000,000 who liWe in houses under £lO pay half of the reveaues of the State? Do they not work harder and produce more of value from their industry than' any other equal number of people in any other country in the world ? Are there not more of them without property in land, houses, or other invest ments than is the ease in an equal population in any other civilized and Christian country ? Are they not wholly un represented ?—purposely excluded by the Reform Act of 1832, and dreaded now by the monopolists of power? Only the other day you had on this platform the expelled Minis ters of the last Cabinet. A year ago what were they doing ? They were pretending to construct a Reform Bill. You re collect the exceeding duplicity they manifested upon that question. You recollect their grievance of the people's wishes, their utter contempt of the people's understandings, and you remember their ignominous and well-merited downfall. (Cheers.) ;You have now another Cabinet which at,this very moment itieliscussing the same question, not, I hope, to come to the same result by attempting the same system of subterfuge; thernare men in the present Cabinet who honestly wish that the representation should be greatly iniproved. they know what was the question upon which their predecessors were thrown out, and upon which they succeeded to power. They knew what was the understand ing; what were the declarations; what, if you will, were the pledges by which a majority was secured against the GOvernment of Lord Derby. I know' some of the difficul ties they have to contend with. There may be colleagues who do not like Reform at all; there may be colleagues who are faint in their affection for it .; there may be some whose courage is alwaye :oozing out at their finger ends when there is something good to be done. I have seen Statesmen—so called—who were fit for nothing but clerks. I make no comment on the present Cabinet. I simply describe the circumstances • under which they suc ceeded to power, and the expectation of the peo ple with respect to this great question. I hope and pray that Ministers may see that the future of their Govern ment, and for a long time the future of their party, depends upon the honesty and courage with which they deal with this great and unavoidable question (Cheers.) A word more and I have done. I am assailed with virulence, even charged with falsehood, by those masked conspirators against the commonwealth who write in the leading columns of the Times. Congenial slanders aro vomited forth every week in the linee of the great Satur day reviler, but the facts which I have stated to-night re main, and they Ph - train, 1 hesitate not to say, to the dis honour of our country and the weakening of our Govern ment. Aristocracy intrenelted within the citadel of power, and resting upon generations of unchallenged rule— monarchy itself, - venerable with the willing homage of a thousand years—authority of every kind must be shaken, and will pass away, unless it be based upon the true inte rs:es and commend itself le' flue conscienee of the people. (Cheers.) I ask that Parliament should be made a real re presentation of th e p roperty, tue Mostly, and the intelli gence of the n a ti on —th at we may be 'delivered, if possible, from'clutotic legislatio n , f rom reckless expend i ture, an d f rom a taxation opp ress i ve, unc al, and 'Unjust. (Cheers.) The n and wquheenstiitonis made,be grasped aswsttee a monopolists of p ower reject hat demand with scorn. The so a day may come when wit e made in a louder voice than mine, when , this ac ruderse m'lß than, ; that will be surrendered with fear and humiliation for 'which reason and justice now pleads in vain. (Loud cheers.) The meeting was ilterwards address' i by Mr. .ITuclu- HART, Mr. EwART, and others, and did not termhiate till a late hour. LAW INTELLIGENCE'.-(THIS DAY.) COURT OF CHANCERY. (Before the Lord Chancellor.) APP.EAL.-YOUNG V. LINDSA.T. This is an appeal from a decree of the Master of the Rolls in favour of the plaintiff. The contention is whether the plaintiff is entitled to re cover £l,OOO in respect of freight of cargoes of coals at £52, from England to Hong Kong and Shanghae, China, per ship Queen of .A.ibor ; and whether the defendant i 3 liable to pay extra charges and expenees under the charter party. Mr. Selwyn, Q.C., was heard for the respondent. Mr. Collins followed on the same side. Mr. R. Palmer, Q.C., was heard in reply. The Lord Chancellor affirmed the decree of the Master of the Rolls, and dismissed the appeal with costs. ROLLS' COURT. (Before the Master of the Rolls, Sir John Romilly.) MOTION.-JUDGMENT.-LYALL V. HICKS. His Honour, the Master of the Rolls, said—On perusal, of the evidence in this case, I am of opinion that the plain tiff has not made out any case to justify me in granting an injunction. In March, 1857, the parties entered into con tract with the Coolies Etni;ration Company, to transport a cargo of coolies from Calcutta to the Mauritius, and the expense of repairing and fitting up a ship for that purpose was £1,953 Bs. 11d., which sum was paid by the plaintiff, and he drew bills on Hicks for that amount. Bills had been. given by Hicks to the master to within £53 of that amount, and his Honour considered that the master had no right to hypothecate the ship, and that there was no lien on the ship for fittings up or repairs. His Honour declined to make any order, and dismissed the bill with costs. SHERIFFS' COURT. (Before Mr. Kerr.) DOING. THE (MEN OUT OF HALF-A-CROWN. SMITH V. PERRATON. This was an action to recover a balance of rent. Mr. W. B. Davies appeared for the plaintiff, and stated that the parties had agreed as to a balance. Plaintiff was called, and said that ho and defendant had agreed about taking certain premises. Mr. Buchanan (for the defendant) —ls there any agree ment in writing ? • Witness—Yes. Mr. Buchanan—Produce it, then. >To offer being made to produce it, _ . . _ gib Honour looked over to Mr. Davies, and, laughing, said—lt won't do, you know. Mr. Buchanan will stick to his point. Dir. Davies—l know that. My friend has a. copy of the agreement. - His Honour—Alt, but ho don't want to produce it: Mr. Buchanan—lt has a very ugly look in one corner. His Honour—lf there it an agreement in writing it must be produced. Mr. Buchanan—l suppose plaintiff's agreement is as ugly as our own in one corner. Mr. Davies thought that as there had been an agree ment between the parties as to an amount, perhaps the agreement could be dispensed with. _ _ His Honour thought that if a portion of the particulars was struck out Mr. Davies could try. Mr. Davies objectod, and'plaintiff was nonsuited. Costs allowed. His Honour told plaintiff that the Queen was entitled to half-a-crown, and if ho did the Queen out of her right he would surely suffer. Thousands of pounds had been lost in consequence of the non-payment of this half-crown to the Queen. PRESERVATION OF LIFE FROM SHIPITRECK. Yesterday a meeting of the Royal National Life boat Institution was held at its house, John-street, Adelphi—Thomas Chapman, Esq., F.R.S., in the chair. Mr. LEWIS, -the secretary, having read the minutes of the previous meeting, The silver medal of the institution was presented respectively to R. Hook, R. Butcher, F. Smith, W. Rose, J. Butcher, A. Mewse, T. Liffen, and N. Colby, and £l9 to themselves and other men for their general gallant services in saving life in the Lowestoft lifeboat, which is in connection with the National Lifeboat Institution, but particu larly for rescuing the crew, consisting of 14 men, of the steamer Shannon, of Dublin, which during a heavy wind was wrecked on the Holm Sand on the Ist ult. A reward of £9los. was also voted to the crew of the same lifeboat for their services in putting off in her and rescuing the crew of five men of the schooner Lord Douglas, of Dundee, which during a heavy gale of wind parted from her anchors and drove on Corton Beach on the morning of the 26th ult. • Also a reward of £9 10s. to the crew of the same lifeboat for subsequently saving, on the afternoon of the same day, the crew of four men of tho schooner Silo-a, of Glasgow, which was also totally wrecked on Corton Beach during the heavy gale of that day. The silver medal of the institution was voted to Lieut. the Hon. R. F. Boyle, R.N., chief officer of the Coastguard ; the second service clasp to Robert Par rott, who had previously received the society's medal; and £8 ss. to the crew of the institution's lifeboat at Tenby, for putting off and rescuing, during a heavy gale of wind, the crew of three men of the smack Bruce, of Milford. A reward of £l2 was also given to the crew of the same lifeboat for putting off during the night of the 7th ult., with the view of rescuing the crew of nine men of the brig Policy, of Sunder land, which was wrecked off Tenby. A reward of £6 was likewise granted to the society's lifeboat at Braunton, North Devon, in ac knowledgment of their valuable services in rescuing the crew of six men of the brig North Esk, of Sun derland, which, during a very heavy gale of wind, was wrecked on Braunton Sands on the morning of the 2d ult. A reward "of £ll was also given to the crew of the institution's lifeboat at Castletown, Isle of Man for putting off and rescuing-four of the crew of the Ohio, of Stettin, which was wrecked,durin,g a gale of wind, off Castletown, on the 19th uit. A reward of £6 was likewise voted to the crew of the Barmouth lifeboat, for puffin! , off to the assist ance of the Troy, of Boston, U.S.,cottgn laden, which during foggy weather was oserved to be on shore in a dangerous position in that nighbourhood. A reward of £6 10s. was also granted to the society's lifeboat at Berwick, for saving in a heavy sea the crew of six men of the brig New Astley, of Aberdeen, which was wrecked in a heavy high sea off Spittle Point, on the 9th ult. Eighteen lives were also saved during the heavy gales from four wrecks by the institution's lifeboats stationed at Yarmouth, Winterton, and Whitburn. It was reported that since the recent heavy storms the institution had paid £153 for services in its lifeboats. The silver medal of the institution and XI were voted to Mr. P. Smith, coastguard chief boatman, and £5 to his crew, in acknowledgment of their gallant services, in wading into the surf, at the imminent peril of their lives, and rescuing by means of ropes the master of the Norwegian brig Caro line, which during a terrific gale of wind was dashed to pieces on the night of the 25th ult. The silver medal of the institution and £3 were also voted to a fisherman, named Charles Mitchell, and £l5 to eight other men, in acknowledgment of their very gallant conduct in rescuing four of the crew of the sloop Busy, of New Quay, Cornwall, which during a hurricane was wrecked - off that port on the night of the 25th Oct. • A reward of £5 was also voted to several men for saving, by means of cliff ladders, the crew of three men from the schooner Diligence, of Whitby, which was wrecked off that port. A letter was read from the officer of coastguard at North Berwick and the Rev. J. Steward, stating the necessity of a lifeboat at that place. A wreck had recently occurred in the'neighourhood, when the whole of the crew perished., . The officer was of opinion that they might all have been saved had a lifeboat been on the station. Miss Burdett Coutts had, with her usual munificence towards the lifeboat cause, offered to pay the, cost of the lifeboat which the institution is about to send to Silloth, near Carlisle. The institution decided to station new lifeboats at St. Andrew's arid Thurso, in Scot , land, and at Portrush,,in Ireland. It was reported that the institution's lifeboats had, during the re cent storms, been instrumental in rescuing 85 poor sailors from death. The boats had also been the means of saving thousands of pounds worth of pro perty by aiding distresSed 'vessels to get off f rom dangerous positions. . The. Liverpool Dock Trus tees applied to the institution to order a lifeboat on Peak° s plan to be built for them. The thanks of the institution were presented to Mr. C. Clifford, in acknoWledgment, pf hia able and indefatigable exertions in bringing to a state of per fection an improved plan for safely lowering boats at. sea, which had already been the means of saving many lives from drov z ng, • Payments amounting to £631 were made on various lifeboat establPnents. The committee earnestly appeal to the public for support to meet the . heavy demands on the inst itution. Admiral Sir Thomas Cochrane, K.C.B. and A. Jaffray, Esq , who are liberal contributors to the f un d s o f the in.- stitution, having been. elected vice-presidents, the proceedings closed. THE SAUSAGE CASE AT KlNGSLAND.—Yester day evening the inquest was resumed before Mr. Hum phreys and the jury empannellcd to inquire into the death of William Eaton, alleged.to have ,been.poisoned by, eating bad sausages. • - Evidence was gone into bearing upon the healthiness of the animais whose flesh is said to have formed the substance of these dainty delicacies, and the inquiry was again adjourned till Tuesday next. economical department." (A laugh.) But the Spectator says, howiod ticket; are imposed they are borne in Some thingslike an equal percentage by the entire body of the producing and consuming classes, whatever their incomes may be. Well, just shell staff as that was talked twenty years ago about. torn; it was always urged, in crppesi _don to General Thompson's illustration that though the corn laws made bread dearer and scarcer, somehow every thing else was dearer in pforiottion, and thus by a: gene ral shuffling of the cards, - combined with the effect of the exchanges, nobody was injured, but was in fact a great deal betta °tin oorisaquertee. cLaughter and cheers.) Another newspaper, of great atthoiett on these questions, has now taken up this matter and treated It itith gravity. 1' refer to the Beenetii, Iyhich. oil the 19th of November , : says, "That the. higher clagleg bear the cost of meeting the sudden emergencies of the Country, so fit:' Am that cost is met by taxation and not by loans. Now, wheti it le said that the war titeation is chiefly paid by the ",higher classes,". and that the loft et eltlesee in comparison scarcely pay at all, this circumstance shOuld'be borne iii niltid in estimat ing the respective burdens of poor and rich in tinite of peace —viz., that the kites ordinag and extraordinary mnst.be considered together. The ..&" anomist, seem to remember that the 28 or 29 Millions a-year paid for the national debt is any portion of the grinding taeation of war ; the however, does not writer alludes merely to, the fact that when the Russian war broke otit sit inereased income tax was im posed, but does he not know that at the same time in the very same session the descending duties 'ofi lea and sugar c w o e n r c e lu a s r i r o es n te o d rt b h y s..w a sr the al vaecrty firer a r t h l i thing e n t t h l e ht tat e a g tu th re e did was to repeal the war income till, while they have left a pe the war tea and sugar duties till this mometit To show that. I have no bad authority for what I state, I go Ina to the . _Economist itself. in its issue of the 18th of November, 185'3, the writer there says, that " otte. of the chief aims of Sirslt.. Peel's policy was to re-adjust, on Wise primiples, the taxation of the country, 'lightening the pressure Upon labour, and increasing the charge upon 'property." How far have those principles been acted upon .of late.? What is the present tendency of Parliam en t in reference to taxa tion ? The reverse of that which was established by Sir It. Peel. Every step that is taken is in the direction of relief to property; at least 40 out of 60 millions are raised from indirect taxes. The war income tai was repealed nearly two years ago; two millions more of permanent income tax have been given up in the present year. The war tea and sugar duties still exist. So far from• the financial policy of Sir Robert Peel being extended, tho!llotiee of Commons is deliberately engaged in reversing it by abandoning the in strument by which it can alone be maintained or extended. (Cheers.) Only one more extract, and I have done for the present with our friends of the press. The Times of the 23d November, referring to my having Stated that there was something essentially mean and singularly cruel in the way in which. the taxation of thi4 country has been and still is levied, remarks that " a more mischievous untruth was never uttered by a public man in a free country," and then they eo on to observe, "-When this letter first appeared wo remarked upon its mischievous character, and its obviously dangerous tendency also naturally attracted the attention of official persons. Some calculations have consequently been made, and their results were printed in the Economist, froth which we yesterday transferred them to our columns." Now, will the meeting believe that, although this writer says these calculations were made inconsequence of the dan gerous nature of my statements a fortnight before having been brought to the notice of official authorities, these very calculations were actually printed in the Economist on the 15th January last ? (Cheers.) SO far as this matter of fact goes, the whole theory of the Times about the anxiety of official persons relative to the dangerous nature of these statements, 8114 to the necessity for calculations to be made to dirabuse the public mind, is merely something this autho rita.tive writer has intagined or fabricated, there not being the slightest foundation in truth for it ; and, after reading the quotation I have just made from the Economist; I maymen tion.that the Times dare say that "The whole tendency of financial legislation, from the time of Sir R. Peel to the pre sent day, has been to decreaSe the pressure upon the indus trial classes and place the weight of taxation:on property." ' Now, I have shown you that the Economist says exactly op posite to that. It does appear that aboat a year ago the authorities of the Inland Reyenue gave to the Chancellor of the Exchequer some calculations to, Show how much the upper, the middle, and• the lower classes consumed of the articles of tea and sugar, and the result wa's this— that 'of sugar the upper classes consumed 221 per cent. — that is, out of every 1001 b. Consumed its the Oountry the classeser consumed .2211 b. ; the middle cl as es 38 p er cent., and the power classes 395 ; of the, article of. tea, the upper classes consumed -171 per cent., the middle classes 38 per cent. the working or poorer classes 441 per cent. 'Well, we don't know at all how this calculation was made, or the principle on which it 'proceeded, and therefore I cannot exactly say whether it is right or wrong; but, takiug their own figures, let us put them to the test :—The upper classes, according to this calculation, pay in the shape of tea duties £992,000 ; the middle classes, £2,000,000 ; and the poorer :classes, £2,315,000 ; the total amount being £5,200,000 and upwards. Of ,the sugarduties the proportions contributed are £1,345,000 by the richer classes, £2,227,000 by the middle classes, and £2,309,000 by the poorer classes. Of the to bacco dutiee s ,the respective' contributions are—from the richer classes, £956,000; the middle classes, ,£2,076,000; and the poorer Classes, £2,431,000. Taking these three articles together on this. calculation the rich pay £3,224,000, the middle classes £6,351,000, and the poorer classes £7,139,000. Now, of the whole Customs and• Excise, whi c h amount to £12,000,000 and upwarde ' the proportions, according to the same sc a l e , are —f or the upper claSses, _£7,350,000; middling classes,' £15,930,000;; poorer classes, £18,960,000. But you, must bear in mind that whatever be the consumption of the richer classes, especially of what is called the upper classes, that far more than one-half of it is eonsumed, not by what is called "the family," but by the servants who minister to their wante, and I take it for granted that whatever is contributed to their maintenance in their houses represents wages. ' This maintenance must bo reckoned as wages fOr services, and my Lord This or Mr. Somebody who may have 20 or 30 servants in his household is not to put down to his family aXpenditure all the taxes paid upon articles consumed by those whose services he pays for partly in food and lodging and partly in money wages. (Cheers.) And if it were possible by any calcula tion to withdraw these large items from what the rich are said to consume it would Show, no doubt, that upon this calculation my statement as to the proportion of taxation paid by the working classes of this country would be fully .substantiated in every figure. (Cheers.) But new I will show reasons why these calculations cannot be correct. Take the article of sugar, forinstante.. The Protectionists used to say that sugar enough came into the country, and that anybody could have it awho :could pay for it ; which, ,of course, was a very pleasant thing,'for those who had money enough in their pockets ,(a laugh)—but what hes been the result ? In 1833 6ur consumption of sugar was 1,000,000,cwt., whereas in 1859 it was 9 ; 000,000 cwt. Well, who has consumed all that extra quantity ? 'Were the richer classes in 1838 stinted 'of sugar ? Was it not on their tablas morning and evening-for their tea and their' cot Tee, and to sweeten all their delicacies? Did any of you dine with a wealthy man and 'find the mistress of the house nig gardly with her sugar ? (A. lank) The conclusion is ine vitable, that this enormous increase mutt have been mainly consumed by those Vast - classes of the s people who, under your old system of protection to the colonies, were almost wholly debarred from the use of that most necessary and most wholesome article of fond. Again; take the case of tea. In 1833 our consumption was 33,000,0001 b. ; in 1857, the last year for which I have the return, the consumption had grown to 69,000,0001 b. •, so the same argument applies here 'also. Into whose cupboards has this increased quan tity of tea gone ? Surely not into those of the lords and gen tlemen supposed to constitute the upper.classes. Again, coming to the article . of tobacco. •In 1843 the consumption was 2'2,000,0001b. of the unmanufactured article. Now, the upper classes don't often smoke short pipes. (A laugh.) They use Havannahs at from 30e. to Gqs, .the lb. Unmanu factured tobacco is mainly used by those whom- for want of a . very apt definition we t erm th e common peop l e o f th i s -emintry, but I should like to knew where the middle class begins and where it ends. I hav,e stated that we have re ceived, nearly £20,000,000 in annual vallie Of corn and cat tle. Does anybody suppose that that increased importation and coneatatilien has gone into the larders of the rich ? All this enorriinns increase of consumption, caused by the re -moral of prohibitions, the extension o f t ra d e, an d the doub ling of our exports, proves:to -md mind that the calculations which have been made for the chancellor of,the Excheqiier are not to be relied upon, and that the statement which I made in my letter is substantially correct. But let us now look at the line which has been drawn between the middle and the working classes. An attempt has b een ma d e to set up the middle class as a sort of squire to the knight of the upper class. It is to fight for the upper class against the ivorkingclass. Sltch'was the tone taken by Mr. Disraeli and Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton in, the debates last session on Parliamentary Reform. Lot us see where tho middle class orris and where the working class begins. Two gen tlemen I have nained assumed that under the Reform Act of 1832 the middle class is r„ presented ; they admitted that the working class is not. ,If the franchise stops at £lO and includes the whole middle. Class, it follows that those who occupy houses beloW £lO belong not to the middle .and upper classes, but to the working class. Now; Mr. New march, the Secretary of the Statistical Society, who has paid profcund attention to this subject, says that in England and Wales 60 families out of every 100 live in houses under ,the value of £6 ; 15 in houses between £6 and £lO, and 25 in houses above the value of £lO. It thus appears that 75 per cent. of the population live in houses under the value of £l9, and only 25 per cent. in houses above the value of £lO. lled Mr. Newmarch taken Scotland and Ireland into his calculation he would have found that 80 families out of every 100 livo in house Sunder the value of £lO. If' that bo ao s and I have no doubt of it myself, no sensible roan can come to the conchision that 80 per cent. of the population' do not consume more of all those heavily taxed articles of food which I- have mentioned than the remaining 20 per cent. No fewer than 24,000,000 'of peeple live in houses under the value of £lO, and only 6,000,000 occupy houses above that value. Will any man,' with the slightest know ledge er the slightest power of reasoning; pretend to say that 24,000,000 people do not consume more tea, sugar, and other similar articles than 6,ooo,ooo—even cree di ting the latter with the consumption of those servants who live in their houses and ministerto their wants ? The bur den arising from direct taxes upon articles of first necessity imposed upon individual families belonging to the working class is very considerable. A friend recently ascertained for me what was the consumption of those articles by the fami lies of 18 of his workmen, who are of the very elite of the working class in Lancashire, intelligent, living in excellent houses, above the average in many respects, and earning about 355. per week each. .As proof efaheir superiority, I may state that their consumption of beer, spirits, and tobacco islery small indeed. The eraount bxpended on those articles must be considerably larger in familiet whose incomes are much less, yet the result of the inqairy sheared that the in direct taxes which those 18 workmen paid upon tea, coffee, sugar, ale, spirits, and tobacco rmounted to fram Is. 3d. to is. 6d. iu the pound. In the 'case of nine of them, whose wages were only 21s. per week, the payments amounted to ls. Bd. in flip pearld, or 31 per c ent. u p on "their whole earn ings. Many articles of consumption are left out of these calculations, which, perhas s, ought to be included, such as periodical failures in the demand for labour; but yet it shows how severely our system of indiiect taxation presses upon men who have toil every day and hour of their lives, and -whose condition at the best is one of small comfort and much privation. Is it not fitting, I ask, that we, the more fortunate middle and upper classes, should say to our rulers that we are' willing to contribute to the necessary expenses of the State, but that henceforth we shall never consent to any law which shall impose restrictions upon 'the freedom of trade, and allow the tax-gatherer to lessen the little comforts which a working man can by his indus try secure for his family ?. (Cheers.) I stated in my let,ter that our present system of taxation was mean and singularly cruel. I have no_objection to retract that ex pression, so far as it refers to those supporters of the system who are ignorant of its consequences and who fear the Change which we propose. Ido not think so badly of any class of my countrymen as to' Suppose that if they knew at all the facts of the ease, if-they had so thoro ug hly exam i ne d the matter as the gentlemen around me havo done, they a quid not for a moment continue a system which can be de monstrated to be most unwisevand• especially injurious to the ereat body of the working people. (He ar , hear.) What, is the change we propose? lam net about recommend that tho Ch ancellor of the Exchequer should immediately 7HE NAVY. The Fawn, 17, screw, Commander Cator, arrived yesterday at Spithead from Sheerness, and ex changed the customary salutes with the military and naval authorities. The Urgent, screw troopship, Commander Hire, fitting for service in China, has been indocked and placed in the steam basin at Portsmouth to receive her new boilers and complete for service. The Princess Royal, 91, screw, Capt. Thos. Baillie, at Portsmouth, will pay off on the conclusion of the court-martial now being held on board her Majes ty's ship Victory. Letters from Portland state that great dissatis faction is felt among the officers of the ships there, in consequence of an order which has been issued by the Admiral Commanding forbidding any officer going on shore under any circumstances, unless in uniform. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty :—Lieut. B. H. Key to the Ariadne; Lieut. H. W. Mist, Lieut. Richard E. Tracey, and Lieut. Arthur G. R. Roe to the Excel lent ; G. H. A. Cox and Robert Barton, midship men to the Fawn; John T. Stocking, assistant engineer to the Dauntless ; and Thomas Cape, acting assistant-engineer to the Asia. In order to provide the non-commissioned officers and men of the Chatham division of Royal Marines with amusement and recreation during the winter months, Col. Rea, the commandant, has received permission from the Lords of the Admiralty for the erection of a commodious theatre within the barracks for amateur periermances by the officers and men, concerts, exhibitions, &c. The building, which is now in rapid course of con s t ruc ti on , will be a per manent one, and in every respect well adapted for the purposes to which it will be applied. It is also intended to erect four skittle-grounds within the marine barracks for the use of the men, the estimates for which are now being prepared. The result of the efforts now being made by the commanding officers of the different branches of the service at Chatham to promote the improvement and happi ness of the troops under their command is already perceptible in the improved conduct of the men and the decrease which has taken place in desertions and other military offences. CRIMINAL COURT.-(THIS DA E) OLD COURT. (Before Mr. Justice Byles.) Wm. Hailes, nealy 60 years of age, carrying on business as a greengrocer, initho City, was indicted for a rape upon tho person of Emma Wright. Mr. Sleigh and Mr. Orridge conducted the prosecution, and Mr. Sergeant Ballantine defended the prisoner. The prosecutrix, a modest-looking girl, gave her evidence with great propriety. She said she was in the service of the prisoner. One Sunday morning about eight o'clock, her master came into her bedroom and committed the offence for which he was indicted. She said she became very un well, and about one o'clock the prisoner gave her a tea spoonful of a light liquid which he said was brandy and water, after taking which she recollected nothing until four o'clock, when she went home, but as her father was present she was afraid to tell her mother what had taken place. She,•how ever, within two hours after the offence was committed told a friend of hers named Carey all that had taken place. She told her mother the next day. Cross-examined—l tried to push him away. I found him too strong. I did not scratch him, but I slapped his face. He was in my room about a quarter of an hour. There was no other person in. the house but the prisoner and myself. The window of my room was at the back of the house. There were no houses facing. I screamed for some time. I will swear the son of the prisoner did not order me out of the house when I told what his father had done. When I told ray mother, my father was present. Before I did so, I told Eliza Carey what the pri soner had done. I was afraid, before I spoke to her, to tell my mother of the conduct of the prisoner. I was not with a butcher's boy or baker's boy the night before the offence was committed. A boy from the Clarence-hotel hit me with a basket, and I hit him again. He is about 15 years of age, I took the basket out of his hand willingly, and hi let me hit him. I don't know what lie hit me for. I don't know whether it was done in fun. Hailes was in the shop, and when he saw the boy strike me, he ordered him out of the shop. The boy came for some potatoes, and I lent him a basket to take them home with, and it was when he brought the basket back he struck me. It took place on the night, previous to the commission of the offence. My mother has never accused me of being in company with bad boys and girls. Upon my solemn oath, my mother never accused me of being in bad company. By the Judge—My father has seen me home on other nights, to prevent me getting into bad company, and be cause I did not like going home by myself. I can both read and write. What I said at the police-court was taken down, and I signed it. • Justice Byles —You say you can read ; now look at that statement (the witness ' s deposition before the magistrate), and read the passage pointed out to you. Witness (reading)—" My mother has accused me of being in company with bad boys and girls." Mr. Justice Byles—You said just now quite the contrary, how do you account for that ? Witness—l don't know—they. must have made a mis • take there. Mrs. Wright, the mother, said the last witness was her daughter. She always conducted herself properly. Cross-examined—l have followed her to see, if she went straight home. She did do so. I have given her the proper advice for a mother to give a child. I never accused her of keeping bad company. My daughter has no reason to fear me. I have always been kind to her. By Mr. Sleigh—My daughter has always conducted her self as a most well behaved Girl. By the Judge—When my daughter came home on Sun day she had no opportunity of telling me what had taken place, as her father was there the whole of the time she was present. Mr. Hart, a surgeon, gave evidence to the effect that the offence had been fully committed, but he was of opinion that no great struggling had taken place. - Eliza Carey corroborated the evidence of the prosecutrix as to the fact of telling her of the conduct of Hallos. Mr. Sergeant Ballantine jheit addressed the jury for the prisoner, and called a number of witnesses, who gave the prisoner an excellent chararacter for morality. . The jury, after deliberating for nearly three hours, re turned a verdict of f! Not guilty." NEW COURT. (Before the Recorder.) SHEEP STEALING. The Kaffir who was taken into custody a short time ago in Highgate-wood, charged with sheep-stealing and fully committed for trial, was, this morning, brought up to be discharged, the grand jury having ignored the bill of in dictment. The man, on being placed at the bar, looked wildly about him, and appeared to be quite delighted at his position. • The Recorder 'said the'grand jury had agreed to the bill of indictment, so the Court had no power to detain him. The Sheriffs' had, however, taken up the poor fellow's des titute position with a view of sending him back to his•own country, although he, had been' informed tho•man had no wish to leave his present quarters in Newgate, which he said was very comfortable, a remark which was, by no means common. , (Laughter.) . The lianir then quitted the Court in company with one of the warders of the prison. [ADTERTISEMENT:I—ThorIey's Food for Cattle is now beginning to seriously attract the attention of the farmer, breeder, and feeder of stock. T w o y ears . o f unrem itti ng care and attention have enabled its inventor to take high ground as a benefactor to these interests; and notwithstand ing the many drawbacks, the malevolent shafts hurled against it and its probable utility, the food, from its admitted value, will become a necessity to the agricultural interest: Experience has •proved, -first, that it effects a considerable saving in the consumption of provender; secondly, that it produces health and vigour in all animals` subjected to its influence : and lastly, increases in a remarkable degree an early development of fat. Mr. Thorley; originating this singularly efficacious food, aimed at a compound calculated to supersede, to a certain extent, the tedious and expensive mode then prevailing of fattening stall-fed beasts. In this he happily succeeded ; and success prompted a very natural desire to improve upon the invention, so as to make it ap plicable to every description of domestic animal. The Eng- lish farmer Vas slow to encourage its use, and manifested an unwillingness to rely upon its efficaey; fancying he possessed in the produce of his farm, ample materials whereby to feed and fatten his cattle at a cheaper rate thanby the employment or addition of artificial food. The tests to which this food has been subjected haVe proved itsperfect admissibility as a cheap addition to the natural produce of the farm ; inasmuch as in realised, and rendered marketable in two-thirds of the time usually consumed in developing fat ; it, therefore, becomes apparent that a certain saving is effected by a fair application of Thorley's Compounded Food. It is believed that the present unprecedented low price of wheat has induced its very gen e ral use, in preference to any other of the usual articles of food; it is, however, much questioned whether wheat is a nourishing and, proper food for the working horse, certainly it is not f or cows or p i gs . M r. Thorley's Food,i besides possessing the advantage of greatly invigorating the health and increasing the physical power of all animals, is a tonic and gentle stimulant, and when mixed with their other food, niaterially assists their digestive powers—a matter of great consequence, since it is en undoubted fact that the nourishment contained in then ordinary food is lost, conse quent upon the impaired or defective action of the digestive organs ; it will also be. found to be particularly beneficial in 'restoring to good working condition horses which have been over-worked, or become weak from disease, or ar naturally of a feeble constitution. In cows its effects art undoubted, indeed almost marvellous, nearly doubling the yield of milk arid butter, whilst it at the same time enriches the quality of both. In pigs its fattening qualithis are still more remarkable, displaying in a few weeks' its manifest superiority over every office: kind of compound or manu factured food, adopted in the feeding of swine. Such has been its marked success, that at all our great cattle shows, Royalty, noblemen, and others who have fed their cattle on Thorley's Food, have invariably carried off the principal prizes, whilst cards of commendation have been awarded. Ihe patronage of, Royalty,. of our principal' nobility, the clergy, and of our leading agriculturists, must prove a great incitement to this gentleman to pursue his onward course ; and he may confidently rely, in producing se highly-favoured a compound, on a eoutittuatinti of such high sild distinguished patronage., COUNTRY MA.RXBTS. BIRMINGHAM—DEc. 1. A moderate supply of wheat, and to effect Sales a reduc tion of is per qr on former rates! had to be submitted to. Barley held for high prices, but in limited emand. Oat, s beans, and peas were unaltered, and only found buyers in small quantities. MANCHESTER_DEC. 1. • Buyers were unwilling to operate without a greater con cession in price than holders were disposed to submit to English wheat sold at is under the extreme rates of . last Thursday, and Foreign 2d per 7 01 bs less money. Little business was done in flour, though offere d at 6 t o is per sack decline. Oats declined ld to 2d, and oatmeal 6d to is per load. Beans and Indian corn is cheaper. ~... BOSTON—Nov. 30. o wes to-da , We had a fair supply of wheat from t he g ry the demand for which ruled inactive, a t prices ls under the last week. Spring corn a liberal supply, and pr fore. ices as Wheat red red White do .40s to t t o o s 4 o o s s I B O o a a ts n . s . . . .. ................. 3177: Barley .24s to 37e Peas ......... ....35s t o 441 t t o o 2 4 5: 6 PLYMOUTH—Nov. 28. This market was dull to-day, and prices for whe at nomi nally unchanged Holders declined to take low er rats. Flour easier to buy. The quotations are--English whits wheat, 46s to 48s ; red, 43s to 45s per qr ; French d0.,43(1 to 45s ; grinding barley, 265 to 28s; oats , 22s to 255; An flour, line, 33s to 345; seconds, 315 to 325. LOUTH—Nov.:3O. There was an easier business done in wheat to-dsil price: rather below last week's q uotations,' viz., wh eat, red and mixed, old and new, 40s to 44s per cir. ; white , 49 °' Oats, 18s to 22s ; beans, 40s to 45s ; barley , 33s to 388. EDINBURGH GRAIN—Nov. 30. The supplies were large to-day at market, and sales Icere dull, with the exception of barley. Wheat on the top is Od down .average is ld down, Barley on the top Os Gd up average Os Id up. ld down' Oats on the top Os 3d down.... average Beans on the top is Od down averag e OsOslod down. - - Averages per Imperial quarter. Wheat. 5-12ths Barley 1 17 2 Oats 1 5 1 6-12ths Beans Total Supply and Sales. Wheat s77 qr. sold 565 ( 1 1 " 3 8ar1ey........ 2530 qrs Sold 1942 qrs Oats .1959 qr. Sold 1428 qrs Beans ;120 qrs Sold 81 qrs GLASGOW—Nov. 30. 11. In the market to-day the business doing was v"/d du o sta Wheat Gd to 9d per boll cheaper. Beans, barley, ain were Gd cheaper. Flour declined 6d to Is per sack from late rates. CORK—Nov. 30. The following were the quo t a ti on s this morn in g • 140 wheat, 23s Gdto 268 01; white, 26s Od to 2Ss Od; hariq Od to 19s 6d ; oats, 9s Gd to 14s Gd. DUBLIN—Nov. 29. and Our market was pretty well attended this 11 10 , 7 rn it iri e r o t was there was a moderate supply of everything'. " g fully 6d to Is and oats 3d to 6d per barrel choaper• s ing barley scarce, and barely maintained late raLe d i a : - orn in; qualities inactive, at a slight reductioo• was unaltered, with scarcely any business Pas'' . S . 0. 41 . s. d. a. d. 11 ot° l2 a ° Wheat, white 28 oto 31 0 Do., new ••• " 1 3 oto 14 u Do., red 27 oto 29 6 Bere . ........ 2 0 . 0 to 2 3 Do., new 0 Barley Oats ... . Do., black l2 oto 12 6 Indian corn • D \I. ERBY SMITHFIELD—Nov.. 29. days wil h as a supply of fat stock to - • es a full There moderate attendance of buyers ; a - good demand ; high Prr ed. were ii a-ked for best quality yet a clearance e asily effe c a l ri d cep• were in small supply, with an advance ins i ce ' well sold. Fat fat calves scarce, and sale. ni to 70 Beef - 50 • ...... 51. d to • Mutton .... ... 7d ... • to 8d Pork .......... 4 p ston-' Lamb Od to Od Rough fat, Os 6d per Hides, 3id to 51d ; calf skins, 6d to 60. FOREIGN ItIAI.L PACKET _LIST. _ Pigs for, d better In the following; table E signifies that letters are &WT.: by evening. mails from London, and b y m orning nl3l by evening mails from London, anenlt- I V llty '" -- ..._ - _:--..• -- Nex t , gall DESTINATIONS. Despatch Port o f due' Desk Australia of Mails. DesPa _..------* __-----_— -- Amstralia and Mauritius, via pea 10 Southampton Dec. 12, 31 Southartill . Dee. 4 Ditto, via Marseilles ........11ec. 19, E .......... Bahamas and Havana via NCW PO' 22 York ' Dec. 23, E Liverpool.. . „ e. I Canada, Pc. (by Canadn. pckt ) Dec. 7, E Liverpool. I.' Cape of Good Hope, Ascen- ' • rt J . V . , 1 mon, and St. Helena China, Penang, and Singa-, pore, via Southampton I Dec. 3, E SonthanlP. 1 ,-,,,. PeC.. 1 3 Ditto, via Marseilles 'Dec. 10, 31 ............ p'' '' -- ,C. t i Gibraltar, via Southampton Dec. 3, 31 SouthaniP• De o, 1 , Honduras and Blewflelds India (Calcutta) and Ceylon, Dec. 4 2 via Southampton Dec. 3, 31 SouthamP•. De o, Ditto, via Marseilles ' Dec. 10, E .......... • 0 India (Bombay), via South- Dec• amp ton Dec. 12, 31 SouthamP• p e e. Ditto, via Marseilles Deo Lisbon, Brazils,Buenos Ayres, • • • * 4 and F. Islands A Lisbon, Vigo, and Oporto Dec. 7, 31 SouthamP• Unita, Egypt, and Aden, via Dec' 2 Southampton Dec. 3, 31 SouthamP• r,ec. 4 Ditto. via 31arseilles Mexico and Havana Newfoundland ;Dec. 3, E Galway •• • • United States and British N l. pe° A meriva (by British packet) Dec. 3, E Liverpoo • • Ditto (by 1.. T. s. packet) West Coast. of Africa, Ma- Dee. 1° deira, and Teneriffe West India, California, Vene zuela, Chili, Poru, Grey- Doc• 1 uthanii•-• town, New Granada, Atc. - ~... Dec. 23 E Liver Pool-• DO* Dee- 1 Dec. rec. 4 Dec- " aplor tia . .11. 9 , 4 4 1 --- A 1 bourinir e• . 11 ' IS CONS ' • . LMP TION INCURABLE F Invalids A ._. O ' 4. l fi under Consumptive Maladies, and families who 07 , t, ,.:P* O suffered fron the rivagee of Consuraptie4 (a nd % Il i, ' l-1 ' family in the empire is there who has not to c 3 t r tr p ab . , le a , ' i : loss caused by this scourge of the human race ?) w i ll ! Dv • °;lr .. / ißnruatioino a satisfactory answer to the question, "Is C;onsumßtio"...._ , Or rablisheadetio . ~.,.. r s i t g re in e a t, l ß a er r k ti e e l l e e y- b sq y ua n re r,.l. the "household Physician," in numbers, one Pen ni % l ove' by G. Berger, 19, llolywell-street, t St d• From Ito ti . ec , Tall . ready. ,,,,,5h0u1d [ A DVERiISEMENT.]-11 . 0110Wa ' ri 1 No fem., ~iff y s 1 s.— ~,0v...r. ,IP . be without these Pills.—Theirlong-tried efficacy in 1 ; 100 d, '. .4 indigestion, ,r, tion, stimulating the bowels, and purifying the (dope- i.i have secured them imperishab e praise throughout the,',..ore .. 1 • , Whatever the disease, a few doses will relieve of all , ~:$l , urgent symptoms, and thereafter completelY con trol a: r " ge d ,Ifo.J i,Dr.E Nis Cao,4:::, ~(.,,o ordered action, rouse the torpid liver, empty • the e ff c o ed. ! 0 ,1 spleen, cleanse the obstructed kidneys, assimilate ti:. _ cry . , , i ,,./ improve the blood; 'and thereby confer on the brain, ailn e c o ` oo , e ' d ., function, healthful vigour, natural activity, and ~,.flit, , ; 4 ; 0 01 regularity. In cases of indigestion, dimness of sight, _ID; 1;0,1 ache, mental and physical lassitude these restorativ . e r h act as a charm. They expel 'and gout' Wh ile ii. );;' ll rheumatism d old, de lio infallibly correct female comp aints in young an oate and robust. , a . gil t . mi. Or/ : , , 0 , [ADVERTISEMENT.]—The salutary ' effect of -,-. -23,,.e5ti0--, t .i. - 1 delicious Revalenta Arabica Food in removing ' 11 , 6 %14, so u il iji. (dyspepsia), flatulency, constipation, nervous, bi,LlbilitY , •":.° liver complaints, cough, asthma, consumption, a'l"aoicing .6rot without medicine, is admirably displayed by 'they).- 185 0 . -- ''' ~ 0 / letters :—" Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk, June "/ A ,bility , 1 :',,,, No. 4,208. —Eight years dyspepsia, nervousness, r ot bad .i P', with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which s eri 3 0 ,4 ti d consulted he advice of many have been effectuallY re_ w y to 7g ') by Du Barry's health-restoring Food. I shall be bar l a n- ' ..,e9 answer any inquiries.—Rev. J. W. Flavell." "Pl r i c i er abla '',l„ cashire, Aug. 17, 1851.—Gentlemen, —For a cons' t time I have suffered severely from a violent pain i n n ir sble ji''' into or o f f 1 4.) side, extreme, flatulency, accompanied by an sensation of heartbUrn, and other disagreeable AY" l p to trio 7 !. ~,, dyspepsia. Various remedies; alleged infallible, Wernoiit ,Il,' in vain, and for a long time I was never 24 hours w ithou t 'ri violent pain; indeed, I was unfit for the performaa„,cess t han ~4 , , daily duties. I was induced to try, our food. In 7 ra pid. )1J ; 4 an hour I found relkif, and my recovery wa s rer ' lerebba pi° The duties which previously' had been an into swan v f burden, became a delightful exercise, and I ha ve t han '',. ; ii accomplished more labour with less Nip? , h oe ~1 , ,,1 I ever expected to be able to perform. 1,4110.8.' .., 4 never had a retturn of my complaint. --D. '''' Ti 1 En tins, at Is: 6d. ; llb., 3s. ; 21b., ss. 9d.; 51b., 12s•; 121 0 0 1 26e. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt ol_y d - 00 , ;, office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Itegeut-street 1 - 1 ;?:, 60 ,' :..,f ) Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly; A b o i x iord - '1 0 Grucechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 150, 0 at& *. , street ; 330 and 451, Strand ;49 and 60, 1316113ii.0, :'•' street ; 85, Tottenham-court-road. Also a a CO. ; o' t Bewley and Draper ;at Edinburgh, Raintee „f in , A nd ~,.t at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew; at ManchesDirg; ii th. • , Scott ;at York, Raimes, Blanchard, and So. J r, ; a t .., ampton. Randall and Son. --- .-----! 7-=-_ ' DE VISM , . BIRTHS. • • COS RIDDELL: . the wife o Theobald do Vismes of do Po.nthieu of , a son. 1... novont co ---- Hn O. tnhe.thi2zoeitdh2d3eldli4u.,Eltasq,t.s,apotfrßeaarcusoostnnsei.vls,..ptithre.,l7n Op VA.ufnurr.—On the 30th ult., at St. John's Fartoncli, Bn a xton, the wife of the Rev. Matthew Vaughn, J3' of son. W h n am s7 th .— e O lad n y tl o ie f 2 1 7 t. th if t . il t t i .., l a v t ila l o , n lu E ss s e ti x . MARRIAGE S. M tc Peter's, Suffolk, Miles, the'eldest son of the late Geir w Johnstone, INicEs—Eost;:soTfoiioi.t—onOhnlathile. Ist inst., a goon rsiSi* Maclnnes, to Euplientia, the oldest daughter of Allur e , , rf e e, WILSON — rg e h 9 , ll l -On clan b ier Esq., of Sherwood llall, No t ts, to Charlotte, g Ojn. Wilson,the 23d alt., at tso3a2,oritirtywal.-1..ve...1 is o c ii , of Charles Cowan, Esq., of Valle) ,field Edinburgh' ) Esq., aged 91. -,voiillatiod,itCogliheltteern . DEATHS. -wallops On the 27th alt., at West Brixton, C has , , • Iroatfi,amaßiso.,—Roonbetrhtell3ooitorhiets,lltE.,sagt.,3,7lg, Eaton- ply klelgravr of 7. MATITEWs.—On the 29th ult , John Mathews, Etri•boek- Iladdington-tsrraeo, Greo;wich, late of 10 1 . -14 yard, Woolwich, aged 77 . • pphrao/019 PICICE.—On the 30th ult.,, at Ormond House, I ' l . Surrey, Captain Thomas Price, H.C:S., a ged 90. ~a n. Stu w.—On the 29th ult., suddenly at his resideoe, gut. ley-hall, near Waketield,Yorkshit'e, William Slow' aged OS. , * ue ol° Wimn.--On the .28th ult., at 14, York-terrace, „agedQ 1 road, Peckham, Captain Daniel Weld, N..,...1ier, WontnousE.—On the 27th ult., at J3oulogne- I .`" -010. William Thomas, eldest f the Hen and ev. , soli 0 0 • Wodehouse. --- 3 I°ll l4G - t - iost : Printed and Published ITy MUIII°. N 1 I LTic f o. of No. 112, Strand , Printer, at rim sun office, of vnYt in t he cou the m-• Strand, in the Prec inct of Sa M 4 ldi es ex,_ Friday, December 2, 18b9. 1