The Sun. — London, England, 1860-11-08 00:00:00

ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN.—Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison, Sole Lessees. The Public are respectfully informed rthat the L astL Reparere sentations of Wallace's popular Op' UNE now terminatinz in consequence of the preparations for the speedy production of the novelties announced. OYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT ' 1: GARDEN—under the Management of Miss LOUISA PYNE and Mr. W. HARRISON, Sole Lessees. THIS EVENING, LURLINE Messrs. H. Wharton, IL Corri, G. Kelley, and Mr. Wr Harrison ; Miss Lefllar, Miss Albertazzi, and Miss Louisa Pyne. DIVERTISSEMEN T. Conductor —Mr. Alfred Mellon. Doors open at Seven. Commence at Half-past. TIIEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Baekstone. THIS EITF.NI NG the nertormances will commenee with THE STRANGER Mr. Howe and Miss Amy Sedgwick. Followed by a new comedy, entitled ROMANCE AND REALITY. Messrs. Chippendale, Howe, Rogers, W. Farren, .snd John Brougham ; Miss Florence Haydon; Mrs. Wilkins, and Mrs. E. Fitzwilliam. And THE SUN AND THE WIND. By the Leelereqs. Commence at 7. , y. ~"~ UOYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- 1 Lessee and Manatr,er, Mr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, an adaptation of Victor Hugo's cele brated Play of RUY BLAS, by Edmund Falconer, Esq. when Mr. Pechter, the favourite actor of Parisian renown, will make his 11th appearance on the English stage, supported by Messrs. W. Lacy, Meadows, Garden, Graham , Raymond, liorland, Collett, Paulo, Daly, A. Harris ; Miss Rose Leclercq, Mrs. Weston, and Miss Heath. To be preceded by SUSAN SMITH. To conclude with THE GARIBALDI EXCURSIONISTS. THEATRE - ROYAL LYCEUM.I Sole Lessee and Directress, Madame CELESTE. THIS EVENING. the performances will eorsmence with Bayle Bernard's admired Drama of THE WEPT O T. L F THE WISH-TON-WISH. Principal characte rs by Mr. yon, Mr. Henry Neville, Mr. John Rouse, Mr. H. Butler, Mr. For rester, Mr. Campbell„ Mr. J. Johnstone ; Miss Neville, Mrs. J. Rouse, and Madame Celeste. After which (4th time) THE PE I'S OF TAE PARTERRE. Scenic Department under the direction of Mr. Wm. Callcott. The Music by Mr. George Loder. Principal characters by Mr 11. Neville, Mr. John Rouse, Mr. 3. Morris, Miss M. Ternan, Miss Neville, Missfludspeth, Miss Stuart, Miss Turner, Miss Douglas, Miss Annie Collinson, and Miss Lydia Thompson. T i conclude John GRIST TO THE MILL. Mr. George Vining - , Mr. J. stone, Mr. Forrester, Mrs. J. Rouse, and Miss Rose Howard. Commence at 7. A DELPHT, NEW THEATRE - ROYAr. -- A- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Beni. Webster. Great SIICCe9S of the new Drama, by Dion Boureicault, Esq., "The Colleen Bawn."—Miss Agnes Robertson every even- in g. THIS EVENING. ICI ON PARLE FRANCAIS. Messrs. J, L. Toole. C. Selby, Billington, Mrs. Chatteriey, Miss K. Kelly, .tc. After which. THE COLLEEN BAVirNi . D. Bourcicault, D. Fisher, Billington, Falconer, Stephenson, C. J. Smith, Romer. Miss i.gnes Robertson, Miss Woolgar, Mrs. Billington, and Mrs. Chatterley. Followed by DINORAH UNDER DIFFICULTIES. Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Eburne, C. J. Smith, Miss E. Thorne. Doors open at half-past B—Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 till 5. No charge for booking. Private boxes, £2 28. ; Family Boxes,'Xl. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, 4s. ; Front Circle Stalls, Ss.; Pit Stalls, 20.; Pit, ls. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.— 1- Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Wm. BATTY. Triumphant success and increasing popularity of the Grand Spectacle of Rom m Hoop. Second Week of Madame Newsome, Mr. James Newsome, and their Troupe of unequalled performers, &c., including the incomparable Young Charles Ducrow, the Greatest Wonder of the age. This Evening:, the highly successful new Spectacle, in Three Acts, by , leitzball, Esq., entitled ROBIN HOOD • or. the Merry Outlaws of Sherwood ; introducing the Stud oehighly trained Horses, Herd of real Deer, Stag Hounds, &e, lan a-Dale, Miss Rebecca Isaacs ; Robin Hood, Mr. John Prit chard. To be succeeded by Scenes in the Arena—Star Riders of Europe. Doors open at halt-past 6, performance commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 till 4. Stage Manager—Mr. W. WEST. Director of the Arena—Mr. Pearson. CANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- EVERY EVENING, A Grand Selection from the opera of NORMA. Norma ...................... Miss RUSSELL. Adal2 - isa (Her first appearance in this country.) After which the ETHIOPIANS, consistinp:of Seventeen Per formers. organised expressly for this establishment, for the Performance of Vocal and Instrumental Music, Comic and. Sentimental, with Negro Delineations, Anecdotes, Acc. Prin cipal Nero Artistes, Messrs. Joe Brown, G. W. Pell, H. Drummond, and Charley Fox. Musical Director, Mr. F. JONGH3IANS. Balcony, le, ..-...Ha11. 6d. THE WEATHER.—Suiv OFFICE, Nov. 8, 1860.1 THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 47—highest since noon yesterday. 3.s—lowest this morning and during the night. 45—this day at noon. _ BAROMETER-30.39 ; falling. Wren—Northerly; light, with dull cold weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tam DAL—Morning, Bh. 56m.—Afternoon, Oh. 34m To-monßow.-Morning, 10h. 11m.—Afternoon, 10h. 47m. t s fi- 4 ,--,.., .„,,,-„,44... ,i,,,,5) .*_c° IFig%:" `A_ y. D./~F. tJ ~~'?v' ~~. ~.. MO. THE SUN. LONDON, THURSDAY, NOV. 8, 1880. While we write FRANCIS 11., late of Naples, may be a fugitive. Long he cannot remain at Gaeta. A body of 15,000 of his troops with 4,000 horses and 32 guns have, in order to escape capture, gone into the Papal territories, where they had of course to surrender their arms. These must be the troops whom we heard of as before Gaeta, who desired to treat with General FANTI, with whom, we may now infer, they could not come to terms. The late KING, for 'such we ought to designate him after the vote of his late subjects, must have lost, chiefly by their being taken prisoners and escaping into neighbour ing territory, at least half the army with which he retreated to Gaeta, and though the remain der might be a sufficient garrison for the fortress, yet they must be utterly disheartened. Of what use, moreover, could the best defence be when, if they could repel the attack of the Sardinian troops, no organised army re mained in the field to co-operate with them for re gaining the Kingdom. Gaeta and its garrison, with no external support whatever, must be a per fectly useless possession. It would seem to us that even with such forces as he had at his command the generalship of FRANCIS 1 1. , or rather of his commanders, for the KING is 11 .... ° soldier, has been as bad as possible. While the ardinians were not in the field, he probably did wisely in taking the Volturno for his outer line of defence. Pacts proved that it was. as much as GARIBALDI Could do to force it; and, if resolutely def en d e d , tioned whether, without some aid from the Piedmontese, h e would not have been detained there till winter. But after the intention of VICTOR EMMANUEL to procesdsouthward became manifest, FRANCIS IL surely ought to have concentrated his whole strength on the nearest defences to Gaeta. He ought to have made it a Seb as t opol, or a Torres Vedras rather, for he had the grand advantage, while a ducat remained to him, o f an open sea f or s upplies. The sympathy of brother despot s secured him this. And, with an army almost a s larg e as that opposed to him, perhaps quite as large, behind strong fortifications , an d with am p le su pp li es , he might have defied his'enemies for a long time. In stead of this, he seems to have allowed three bodies of troops to be separately defeated and dispersed, or rendered useless. One at Capua, the other those who were defeated between Sessa 'and Teano, and lastly those who have just surrendered their arms to the POPE and the French ; these last bein g pro bably, in part at least, the remains of those the greater part of whom were taken Prisoners at Teano- The last of the Sicilian Bourbons appears to have been badly served by his officers, for the men do n of seem to have wanted courage. Both in the general plan of their defence, and in individual conflicts, they appear to have shown no strategic skill Whatever. And -now that the business has come to such close quarters, what will be the orders of the French A dmira 1? Thus far the Italians, under Admiral PEUS.I: tO, have v.%nquished the French as they did in Tuscany and the other States—by passive re sistance; by doing the right thing themselves, and leaving his Imperial MAJESTY the odium of attacking them for so doing. Admiral PERSANO could not have acted more wisely. His orders were to co- operate with the Piedmontese by effecting a land ing at the mouth of the Garigliano, and thus, as the event proved, greatly embarrassing the move ments of the Royalist troops. A few days previ- ously six Sardinian ships employed in the attempt had been compelled by the French to withdraw. On the 30th Admiral PERSANO himself returned with ten ships for the same object, and in the face of threatening preparation by the French refused to desist. He told the French Admiral that his orders were positive, that he must execute them ; that if the French attacked him he should not resist, but should hold the French Admiral responsible for what he considered to be an illegal intervention. The result was that Admiral DE TINAN was afraid to commit his master to an attack on Sardinia, and Admiral PERSANO efficiently completed the task entrusted to him. _ _ We cannot see why PERSANO should not pursue the same course at Gaeta. An attack on the sea side of the fortress will not prevent the escape of the KING, if he have but the good sense and feel ing to yield in a now perfectly hopeless contest. He must well know that no one desires to make a prisoner of him ; that indeed the only anxiety is not to have him in that capacity. He may follow his future soldiers by land if he like into the Papal States, and all the Piedmontese sentries and videttes would be found instructed not to know him. He might embark in any Spanish, French, or Austrian, or, for that matter, in any English ship ; for PER SANO would not think of interfering with such an embarkation, and would be only too happy to know that it was going on. The French Admiral has no more just pretext for interference at Gaeta than he had at the Garigliano. He has, however, the best of reasons for not interfering. If the Sardinian fleet be allowed free scope there, it will certainly expedite the flight of FRANCIS IL, and that, even his friends, under present circum stances, must feel to be the most desirable of events. No aid can be hoped for from Warsaw ; none from Austria; none from France, after all. Louis NAPOLEON himself cannot intend to help him back to his kingdom ; and how to account for the un meaning and important freak of the French Admiral sorely puzzles even the writers who are in the service of the EMPEROR himself. The game is really up. Europe is merely awaiting the last formal moves, and the Emperor of the FRENCH can incur nothing but ridicule for helping the beaten player to lose under his guidance. Towards the close of Lord BYRON'S comparatively brief but resplendent career, his publisher and friend, JOHN MURRAY, of Albemarle-street, was threatened with a very singular alternative, an alternative submitted to him (in consequence of certain political jealousies) by the Government. It was intimated to Mr. MURRAY that he must make his own choice as to whether he should thenceforth continue to publish the great poet's writings— writings particularly obnoxious to the powers that then were—or whether he should hold his official appointment as the publisher, from year to year, of the "Nautical Almanaek." Especially irritated as the ruling powers were at the period when this extraordinary intimation was made to Mr. MURRAY, peculiarly and painfully irritated as the Ministers of the Crown then were with the caustic, and biting, and formidable satirist, whose pen of scorn had but so very recently written in gall the " Age of Bronze" and the " Vision of Judgment"—they adopted this spiteful means of retaliating vicariously (through his friend and publisher) on that, then twofold phenomenon, a man. of superb genius, who was actually at the same time a peer, and a! peer who was at the same time an ultra Liberal Lord BYRON being the very antithesis, in these two respects, of the Tory mediocrities then holding in their combined grasp the reins of Administration. The alternative was never happily forced coute qui coute upon the meditated (and, upon the very face of it, sinless) victim of this most petty and paltry object of persecution. JOHN MURRAY still continued to purchase those copyrights of Lord BYRON'S poems, the last remnants of which copy rights are still held by his son and successor. JOHN MURRAY still continued to print and publish, as his son still continues to print and publish the " Nauti cal Almanack," previously issued under the autho rity of the Crown and of the Crown's Ministers, from that first class and (saving only in one solitary ex ception—the glory of the Row—the great house of the LONGMANS) that wholly unrivalled publishing establishment, Even the administrators who could originally entertain the notion of a scheme of ven geance so singularly small and despicable, shrunk when it came to the point from the mingled auda city and ignominy of carrying out a project in every way so disgraceful. The generous•hearted and magnanimous object of this Ministerial animosity—as might have been expected from him under such circumstances—im mediately, upon learning the nature of the alterna tive threatened to be thrust thus nefariously upon his own guiltless publisher, of course (inevitably and obviously) to the latter's pecuniary loss and embarrassment — at once, and without an instant's hesitation, urged his friend to resign the merely temporary and precarious post of publisher to him self (Lord BYRON), and to retain rather the perma nent, and consequently (in the end, at least, if not in the beginning) far more lucrative, post of official publisher of the " Nautical Almanack," with the sanction and under the authority of the KING'S Government. Recalling thus cursorily and incidentally to re collection these singular incidents in the career of Lord BYRON, is it not quite manifest now in this retrospent that the whole of the threatened pro ceedings on the part of the then Cabinet was, from first to last, a most flag;- tious threatening of a violation of the sacred principle of the Liberty of the Press ? Is it not now quite transparent that the outrage thus meditated, supposing it for one moment to have been actually accomplished, would really and truly have amounted to nothing less than "leze Majest€," to what has been emphatically termed the Fourth Estate of the Realm—in other words a monstrous infraction of that boasted, and not unna turally boasted, right of the perfect freedom of writ in fr,,which is among the most cherished and treasured privileges secured to each and all of the free citizens of this great empire under the jEgis of our Constitutional Go vernment ? was the thr s u e g n h s et the this, doubtless, at the last mome l n t t, even dulled consciences and the blunted sensibilities of the purblind Tory administrators, from whom the threat had emanated in a moment of grievous and irrepressible exacerbation, it was the tardy recog nition of this, by them, we say, at the very last moment that saved the Ministers of the Crown of that day from the disgrace and, possibly, even then, the peril of thus interfering with the liberty of the press by this daring interference between Lord BYRON and Mr. MURRAY, between the great poet and the eminent publisher. We have thus recalled to reeollection these still painful and discreditable particulars, because it has occurred to us that the afterthought of those Ministers of the Crown, might perhaps be judiciously borne in mind at this moment by the Dii Majores of the Dublin University—meaning thereby that mysterious collective entity which appeared even when no more than merely paro chial, so singularly formidable to the unsophisti cated young OLIVER TWIST—" THE BOARD"—Con sisting in the instance of Trinity College, Dublin, of the Provost and the Seven Senior Fellows of the University. We remember that now more than two years ago we had occasion in these columns, in our capacity as one of those extra official public censors known as the Daily Jour nalists, to direct attention to what appeared to us then, upon the instant, as it still appears to us at present moment of writing in the retrospect a most arbitrary proceeding on the part of the Dublin University Board, on the part that is of the Provost and seven Senior Fellows of Trinity College. The circumstances-- which yet remain unaltered apparently (judging from the non-appearance of the original publishers' names at the bottom of the outer cover of the Dublin University Magazine)—the circumstances of the case here referred to may in two or three sentences be very readily recapitulated. An anonymous article, written by we know not whom, appeared in the pages of the Dublin Uni versity Magazine, now considerably more than two years back—a critical, analytical, argumentative paper, directing public attention to the simple fact that the Board of Trinity College, Dublin, had not yet at that period carried into effect divers of the very wholesome recommendations embodied in the elaborate and carefully considered report drawn up by the Royal Commissioners. Although bearing vividly enough in remembrance the outline of the facts here reverted to--which facts, as we have said, we ourselves commented upon at the time of their original occurrence—we have now but recently turned back to the very number of the magazine containing the contribution, and we find the paper, upon a dispassionate re-examination of it (the number of the magazine, by the way, is that published in May, 1858), we find it now, after two years and a half have gone by, a strictly logical argument most calmly reasoned through out : not one certainly in any way calculated to excite an outburst of indignation on the part of the Board, on the part of the Provost and Seven Senior Fellows, an outburst of indigna tion that still seems to be, what we trust, never theless, it will yet prove not to be, implacable. According to this anonymous critic, of whose identity we have not the smallest knowledge in the world, nor yet, for that matter, have we the slightest atom of curiosity to discover it— according to this unknown and unrecognizable critic in the Dublin University Magazine, the Board of Trinity College was then (May, 1858) still despotic in its character; it still governed in its own interests exclusively; it still audited its own accounts; it still shirked or evaded anything like compliance, direct or indirect, with any of the just and reasonable reforms suggested—all this in defiance of the propositions for reform advanced in the report of the Royal Commissioners ! The anonymous critic in the Dublin University Maga zine added that there had already doubtless (still, recollect, May, 1858) been carried out, rather ostentatiously sundry educational improvements urged upon the acceptance of the Board by the Royal Commissioners. In startling contrast to which, however, not one of the proposed financial changes had, to all appearance, ever been taken even into consideration ! Several distinct grievances were after this frankly particularised and succinctly enumerated. The miserably impoverished con dition of the non Tutor Fellows was strikingly contrasted afterwards with the overflow ing abundance of the emoluments poured into the purses of the Seven Senior Fellows. And so forth —and so forth; what we have said being the gist and gravemen of the whole argument. It may be in the recollection of some among our readers, among those at least who are in any way as sensi tively alive as we are ourselves, professionally, to the vindication of the sacred rights of a perfectly free and unfettered press —it may be in the recollection of those at least among our readers that forthwith—in May, 1858 —immediately upon the appearance of the maga zine containing this article the • Board inti mated to the publishers that they (the Messrs. HODGES, SMITH, and Company) could not iu consequence of that article remain publishers of the magazine, and at the same time the College Booksellers ! Messrs. HODGES and SMITH, as men of business, had, of course, only one thing to do—they ceased abruptly to be the pub lishers of the Magazine ! In compliance with the arbitrary mandate of the Board they announced their resignation as publishers of the Magazine, in the public journals of the following morning —under penalty (had they not done so) of being summarily dismissed from their post of College Booksellers. Since then the Magazine, if we re member rightly, has passed from one publishing house to another, even at one time crossing over to this side, and at another going back again to the other side of St. George's Channel. All— manifestly —to the grievous inconvenience of the proprietor or proprietors of this distinguished periodical ; a publication which one might have thought the authorities of Trinity College would have been proud of if only on account of its name, style, and title, combined with its indisputable abilities as the worthy exponent of the more enlightened views of Irish politics and Irish literature. Gladly shall we see, what we yet confidently hope to see, the reconciliation of the Dublin University Authorities and the Dublin University Magazine. A quarrel, this two years and a half of estrangement, can a part iessfai in le d any t o way to make it—and as recognize scarcely be de s i gna t e d. F or " a quarre l" oye requires gt w e itself h av two he wherebeyod the reach the reach of reconciliation with th e B oard of Trinity College. For the sake of the dignity o f th e B oar d itself—for the sake of the interest of th e M agaz i ne —for the sake of the great principle of th e lib er t y o f the Press—we do yet sincerely hope that we s h a ll offended again read, "Published by Messrs. HODGES, SMITH, and Company," printed, as of old, at the bottom of the oldj familiar straw-coloured cover of the Dublin University Magazine. The Duke of ARGYLL has given us his views on National Education. The occasion was the Annual Congress of the Mechanics' Institutes of Lancashire and Cheshire, and as a part of its proceedings the distribution of prizes to the successful competitors, at the examinations of the Institutes. Amongst many excellent remarks made by the DUKE, none, we think, were more practical and judicious than those on the religious question in Schools. The difficulty, or one difficulty at least is, to reconcile grants of Government money to sectarian bodies, and amongst the sects, we, of course, include our State Church, for edu- THE SITN, LONDOIN, THURSDAY EVENING; NOVEMBER 8, 1860. cational purposes. It is unanswerably urged that money contributed by all ought to be so used as that all may receive the benefit of it. The Roman Catholic is not spared by the tax gatherer, why should the poor child of his poor co religionist be excluded from the instruction for which Roman Catholics have helped to pay. The reply, that Roman Catholic schools are also aided, does not meet the difficulty, since Catholics are not everywhere located in sufficient numbers to establish a school of their own. And in England especially, so scattered are the adherents of diffe rent creeds that in hundreds, perhaps thousands of places,lhe alternative for a poor parent is, education for his child where his religious views, which to him are a sacred inheritance, will be contravened, or no education at all. The DUKE strongly advises all the sects to adopt the rule which has been successfully acted on in many places, of " affording secular education to every child whose parents object to their pecu liar religious teaching, without forcing the child to go through their religious education." The ob servation was received with cheers by the intelli gent assembly at Manchester, and we think it would be so received by almost every intelligent assembly of laymen throughout the country. The difficulty is to get over the clergymen. They live in such a peculiar atmosphere, and are so accustomed to lecturing us all on the subject of religion, that they often acquire, insensibly perhaps, a kind of Popish infallibility on religious subjects; prac tising unconsciously what they indignantly refuse to his Holiness at Rome. Be the cause what it may, the obstacle to thorough liberality such, as the DUKE pleads for in our State-aided schools, is commonly the clergyman, and we must only hope that the pleadings of the DUKE will go further with them than those of us—the unt;Ced herd. We have no doubt, as the DUKE observes, that libe rality would be good poliey—good sectarian policy we mean; these are just the days inlwhich, if ever, con ciliation will go further than coercion, and libe rality than infliction of social penalties. We think it most likely, as the DUKE says, that in schools where the parents were freely allowed to decline the religious teaching, ninety-nine out of a hundred would not do it. It is the compulsion which creates the resistance and the sense of hardship. A sturdily sectarian, or even infidel parent, would generally prefer that his child should get the full benefit of the common religious principles and duties which all sects teach, and would rely on his home instruction to counteract what he did not _like. But, better even than that, the effect of religious liberality would he most happy on the mind both of parent and child. It would teach the former that his theolo gical antagonists are not the ungenerous bigots which the opposite course would lead him to suppose, and would conciliate his goodwill through his parental affections ; while the child would grow up to regard his schoolmates with as genial senti ments as if their fathers had all held the same creed as his own. As there is little likelihood that the grant in aid of the system will be ever abolished, as the object is to make it work smoothly, and as the services of the different religious sects in education cannot easily now be dispensed with, we think the DUKE has done very wisely in inviting the attention of all sects to the duty and advantage of liberality. That the course he recommends is the most Chris tian one we are quite egrtain. Whatever some clergymen may think, it is certain that the minister who is willing to give freely useful instruetion to all is thereby fulfilling the first Christian duty—that of Charity, THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam ship Pera, Captain Jamieson, with the heavy por tion of the above mails, has arrived. She brings 52 passengers, nine packages of specie, value £2,925, and the following cargo :-500 bales of raw silk, 450 bags of gum, 500 bags of wheat, 500 bags of beans, 14 bales of flax, 141 packages of teeth, 357 barrels of dates, 47 bales of wool, 35 packages of senna, 60 boxes of oranges, 21 bags of coffee, 140 of almonds, 100 cases of cartoons, 516 boxes of raisins, and 112 packages of sundries. The Pera sailed from Alexandria on the 26th ; Malta, the 30th ; and Gibraltar, the 3d. On the 31st ult. she exchanged signals with an English man-of-war, supposed to have been the Mars. On the 7th, at 7 p.m., passed and exchanged signals with the Tagus, with the outward mails for Lisbon. At Alexandria, the usual Egyptian squadron, two Russian men-of-war, and three French trans ports with 1,000 soldiers on board. At Malta, her Majesty's ships Hibernia and St Jean d'Acre. At Gibraltar, her Majesty's ships Foxhound, Argus, and Scourge. The Magesra sailed from Gibraltar for Malta on the 3d. The Governor of the former place was a passenger on board for Malta. The Delta arrived out at Gibraltar on the Ist, and proceeded for Malta and Alexandria the same day. The Correspondencia states that large sums of money for the payment of the indemnity due to Spain have arrived at Mogador. The Editana, war steamer, was to leave Alge ciras for Tangier, whence she would carry a com mission to Melilla, for the purpose of tracing the new boundary line. The Jewish families who had taken refuge pre vious to the breaking out of the late war with Morocco are returning to Tangier. Intelligence from the camp before El Martin, at the mouth of the Tetuan River, states that the troops were suffering inconvenience on account of the temperature—exceisive heat during the day and severe cold at night. The following British ships had arrived out at Gibraltar since the last dates :—Steamer Alice, 12 days from London ; Ceylon, 4 days 16 hours from Southampton ; steamer Syrian, 61* days from Liverpool; steamer Cora Lynn, 14 days from Glas gow ; steamer Corinthian, 71 days from Liverpool ; steamer Arcacia, 8 days from Liverpool ; steamer Britannia, 7 days from London ; schooner Gambia, 18 days from Cardiff ; steamer Albanian, 61* days from Liverpool ; steamer Sydney Hall, 15 days from London; Zebra, 10 days from London. The latest exchanges at Gibraltar were quoted on London, 90 days' date, 50* to 50y; Paris, 5f 31c; Marseilles, 5f 33c; Genoa, 5f 33c ; Madrid, 8 days' sight, par; Cadiz, par; Malaga, 8 days' sight, pm. ; Seville, dis. ; Alicante, * dis.; Valencia, par ; Barcelona, 8 premium ; Spanish pillared dol lars, Ferdinand, 3 per cent. premium, no demand ; ditto, Carolus, 13 ditto, in demand. Freights to London and outporls in the United Kingdom, Brazil, and River Plate, Gulf of Mexico, and Havannah, 12 dole. per ton and 10 per cent. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Mary are prolonging their sojourn at Brighton. His Royal Highness the General Commanding in-Chief visited his august relatives on Sunday last. The Duchess Dowager of Somerset entertained a select circle at dinner last evening, at her residence, in Park-lane. Viscountess Palmerston is, we are happy to say, progres:ing favourably. The Hon. H. Dutton, M.P., and Mrs. Dutton have arrived in town on a visit to Mrs. Mansfield, at her residence in Charles,. street, Berkeley-square. It is underste,od that Mr. Charles Thurburn, a well-known merchant of Alexandria, has undertaken the duties of managing director of the Bank of Egypt, in the place of Mn. Pasquali, lately resigned. Messrs . Thornton, Ward, and Co., American merchants at Manchester, from whom a compromise of 15s. in the pound was accepted in 1857, voluntarily paid the additional 58. on the 3d inst., and have thus discharged the whole of their obligations in full. It is stated that the screw steam hip Etna has been purchased for the Liv er p o ol, N ew York, and Phila delphia Steamship Company. L.• -!t. TEST NEWS. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) FLIGHT AND DISARMAMENT OF 15,000 NEAPOLITAN TROOPS. A body of 15,000 Neapolitan troops, with 4,000 horses and 32 guns, being pursued by the Sar dinians, took refuge in the Papal States, at Ter- racina. At Cisterna their progress was arrested by the Papal and French authorities, and they will be at once disarmed. OFFICIAL. NAPLES, Nov. 7. King Victor Emmanuel entered the city at half past 9 o'clock this morning. An immense crowd of people assembled, notwithstanding the torrents of rain which were falling. Universal joy is manifested. BERNE, Nov. 7. To-day M. Massignac remitted to the President of the Federal Council his credentials as French Charge d'Affairs ad interim. The Marquis de Turgot will not, therefore, return to his post for the present. CALCUTTA, OCT. 7. General Woodburn and Dr. Buist are dead. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company : THE BOMBAY AND MAURITIUS MAILS. MARSEILLES, Nov. 7, 3 F.M. The Masilia, with the above mails, arrived here at two p.m. They leave for London at four p.m. The Ellora, with the heavy portion of the above mails, would leave Malta, at two p.m., on the 4th, and may be expected at Southampton about 13th instant. • The Nepaul, with the Mauritius mails, reached Suez on the 31st October. Having fallen short of coal she was obliged to cast the Candia off 60 miles below that place, but was to return to tow her up the same day. FRANCE. PARIS, WEDNESDAY. The Court will remain at St. Cloud, it is said, until the 15th of December. His Excellency the Count de Persigny has set out for London, the invitation to the Lord Mayor's banquet having been transmitted to him by Lord Sohn Russell. BOURSE, Nov. 7.—There has been a fair amount of business transacted, and prices remain about as yesterday. Strasburgs are quoted ex div. 20f., Mediterranean 20f, and Lombard 14f 50c. Threes, for the Account, are now at 69f 75c ; Mobilier, 728 f 75c ; Orleans, 1,383 f 75 ; Northern, 982 f 50c ; Mediterranean, 906 f 25c; Austrian, 496 f 25c; Lombard, 481 f 25c. The following are the last quotations :- 41 per per Cents 95 90 Credit Foncier 9lO Do end month.... Belgian 41 97 75 3 per Cents Do. end month 69 80 Roman Bank Shares .. 2880 Austrian Credit Mobilier.... 730 —, Spanish Threes 4B 50 Do. Account 733 75 Home Debt .. RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans 1387 50 .. 1387 50 Northern New ditto 896 25 .. 895 Lyons and Mediterranean 908 75 .. 908 75 Geneva 362 50 .. 365 Southern Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard s• THE QUADRILATERAL. The Augsburg Gazette learns from Verona that the garrison of Mantua consists of two battalions of the Regiment Don Miguel, two battalions of Hess, two battalions of Prohaska, one battalion of Baden, one battalion of Jwgers, and two troops of Haller Hussars. As 12,000 loaves are distributed daily, it is to be supposed that the garrison of the for tress consists of about as many thousand men. On the right bank of the Po—at Suzzara, Gonzaga, Bondeno, Ma glia, Polesina, and Poggio —are 6,000 men. Marmirolo and Villafranca, on the line of the \lincio, have powerful garrisons. Immense quantities of ammunition, &c., are now sent from the terminus at Verona to Mantua. At Sebastiani, on the Po, there are the materials for two pontoon bridges, two large iron steamers, and one small tug steamer. The army in Venetia is now composed of 35 regiments of 3,000 men, 19 battalions of Jaagers of 900 men, and 30 batteries. Six of the batteries have rifled guns. The strength of the cavalry is not exactly known, but doubtless it is in proportion to the infantry and artillery. The sth corps trarinee is about to enter Venetia. The strongest garrisons are in Verona and Venice. ITALY. A letter from Turin, of the sth, says : "It is now explained how it was that the garri son of Capua, which had only been of about 5,000 men, was, at the moment of capitulation, 11,000 ; a column which had been cut off from the rest of the army by Cialdini's division was forced to seek a refuge in that place. The great subject of conversation here is the voting in Umbria and the Marches. What excites the populations of these provinces to demand annexation to the new Italian kingdom is principally the prosperity which they see arise on the ruins of the ancient Papal Administration ; all articles of general necessity, such as salt and meat, have been exempted from the heavy taxes they had paid for centuries. The tax on grinding corn—a feudal impost levied for the advantage of the nobles—has also been abolished." In the same latter we read : " In presence of the regeneration of all Central and Southern Italy, Venetia could not remain in different. At Venice, on the night of the 24th October, notwithstanding the surveillance of the police, copies of a proclamation from the National Venetian Committee, calling on the population to hold themselves in readiness to rise at the first signal, were stuck up in more than 300 different places, side by side with the manifesto of the Emperor of Austria, announcing reforms. The proclamation had full time to become known to everybody before the police could tear it down." The Nationalities of Turin announces that from the Ist of January next all the central or general offices of the several administrative departments are to be transferred to Turin. The Perseveranza of Milan states that the Pied montese Government has already fixed the number of deputies who are to sit in the new Italian Parlia ment, on the basis of one representative for every 50,000,50u15. The Gaeta Gazette has published the following note, dated the 19th ultimo, from the Minister of Foreign Affairs, to the representatives of foreign Powers accredited to his Sicilian Majesty : " Count Persano, Vice. Admiral of the Navy of the King of Sardinia, has publicly accepted the command of the vessels of the Royal Navy of the Two Sicilies, which the revolutionary Government of Naples has placed at his disposal. The vessels of war in revolt against the legitimate authority of his Majesty have been sent by Garibaldi to the port of Genoa, where they have b een supplied with provisions, and taken on board fresh crews. Not content with that, the officer holding the highest rank in the Sardinian navy, Vice- Admiral Persano, has hoisted his flag on board the screw frigate La Borbone, belonging to the King of the Two Sicilies. In thus taking possession of the Neapolitan fleet, the Sardinian Government has followed a course without parallel in historical precedents. Without any declaration of war, without conquest, while still maintaining the ordinary official relations, one country takes advan tage of the internal embarrassments of the other, and, by accepting the offers of the revolution, a Sovereign becomes the master of the fleet of a friendly Sovereign. The undersigned Minister of Foreign affairs would think it an insult to the high intelligence of your Excellency to add any comment to this simple statement of facts. But in order to accomplish his most imperious duties, and by express order of his Sovereign, he is bound to protest against this monstrous act, and against the consequences which may result therefrom, by requesting your Excellence to bring this Note under the cognizance of your Government. " CASELLA." On the 31st ult., Garibaldi presented the Hun garians with new colours. The Dictator said : " This is a beautiful day—a great day. It is beau tiful, it is great, because it binds together with a new tie the fraternity which unites Italy to Hun gary. Free people are bound together. Free Italians cannot, ought not, will not forget it. (Here the people broke into a storm of applause.) Italians free—yes, all shall be free—and that quickly. Froth a life consecrated altogether to the cause of liberty, to the cause of nationality, I have gathered nothing else. I desire nothing more than the right of telling the truth at all times—telling it alike to the powerful and the people. Hear me, then, generous people of this great and beautiful metropolis, and if I deserve anything of you hear my words. The canker and ruin of our country has always been personal ambition. It is still so. It is personal ambition which blinds the Pope King, and urges him to oppose the national movement, so grand, so noble, so pure—yes, so pure that it is unique in the history of the world. It is the Pope who retards the movement of the com plete liberation of Italy. The sole obstacle, the true object is this. lam a Christian, and I speak to Christians. I am a good Christian, and I speak to good Christians. I love and venerate the religion of Christ, because Christ came into this world to rescue humanity from the slavery for which God did not create it. But this Pope, who wishes that men should be slaves, who asks from the powerful of the earth fetters and chains for the Italians— this Pope King does not know Christ ; he lies against his own religion. In the Indies they re cognise and adore two Genii—that of Good and Evil. The Genius of Evil for Italy is the Pope King. Let no one misunderstand my words; let no one confound paganism with Christianity—the religion of liberty with the avaricious and bloody policy of slavery. Repeat that—repeat it—it is your duty. You who are here, a portion of the educated and cultivated population, it is your duty to educate the people—educate it to be Italian. Education gives liberty ; educating the people means the power to assure and defend its in dependence. On a strong and healthy education of the people depend the liberty and the grandeur of Italy." There was a friendly entertainment on this occasion, at which were present General Garibaldi, the Pro-Dictator, the Marchese Villamarina, the Staffs of General Garibaldi, Turr, and a few others. The only feature was that, in proposing as a toast " Italy and Hungary," Turr declared " that he would never accept the impudent, lying consti tution of Austria, the perfidious act by which now, as in 1848, it attempts in vain to urge the Hun garians forward against their brothers of Italy. THE WARSAW INTERVIEW. A Paris letter in the Nord says :—" It is not true, as stated by certain French and German journals, that circulars from the Cabinets of Vienna and St. Petersburg on the Warsaw interview have been issued. It would be, in fact, difficult for those Cabinets to communicate anything precise respect ing it. The three Sovereigns had, as is known, only one formal meeting, which took place on the 25th ult., and on the evening preceding it the tele graph gave the Emperor of Russia disquieting news respecting the health of the Empress Dowager, his mother ; he consequently, at the conference, was labouring under great anxiety, and in the course of it his disquietude was increased by the receipt of another still more alarming despatch. His Majesty, however, hal sufficient firmness to say nothing during the two hours the conference lasted, but when it was ever he communicated to his august guests the news he had received and announced that he should be obliged to leave for St. Petersburg the next day. Perhaps in what is too generally called the non-success of the Warsaw meeting there is exaggeration. If to that meeting there be ascribed an object which it had not, and which it in nowise proposed to itself, the definition is just; but if it be admitted, as is right, that the interview only had, and was only destined to have, a pacific character —was restricted to existing questions, and did not deal with eventualities which may arise, it must be admitted that the word non-success cannot properly be applied to the interview, wbich was ,simply interrupted." AUSTRIA. The Ost-Deutsche Post of Vienna states that the advanced posts on the Venetian frontier frequently exchange shots with those of Piedmont but at such a distance that no mischief can result from them. At Goito there was lately a quarrel be tween the Bersaglieri and the Austrian infantry, but it came to nothing. A Trieste letter of the Ist says :—" A battalion of infantry was called out yesterday, after the ar rival of the steamer from Alexandria ; also a bat tery of horse artillery, and this column started at two in the afternoon, on the Fiume and Istria road. This movement gave rise to many conjectures, the most probable of which was thought to be that the steamer had seen some suspicious vessels near the coast. Apprehensions are entertained of an attack from the Garibaldians." A Vienna letter has the following :—" The act of accusation against M. Rechter, the director of the Institution of Credit, who was compromised in the Eynatten embezzlement, has just been published. The charges are much less important than was sup posed. After an investigation, extending over eight months, during which a host of witnesses were ex amined, comprising civil and military authorities, ministers, generals, and manufacturers, nothing can be brought against M. Rechter but the fact that the cotton yarn supplied to the Government was not so thick by one thread as it ought to have hem, and that he gave Eynatten about 25,000 florins to overlook this departure from the terms of the contract." SPAIN. .---- ---- The Madrid journals of the 3d have reached us. In the Congress on the preceding day the Govern ment presented several bills —one fixing the force of the navy for 1861, anothe r authorising the lev y in that year of 35, 000 men for the army, an d a third according municipal institutions to pl aces with a population of 500 souls, extending the right of voting in municipal elections, etc. The dignity of Grandee of Spain has been conferred on the Marquis de Camposagrado and his eldest son, in In the mu n i c ip a l the e an didates of the Pro consideration of the latter being ab ou t to marry a e d l a e u e g t i h o t n e s r o f f o rCluee Madridn Christina. g ressist party were successful in the majority of districts. RELEASE OF DR. S METIIIIRST.—This individual, convicted at the sittings of the Central Criminal Court, October, 1859, of murder by poisoning, and sentenced to be hung at Horsemonger-lane gaol, but whose case at the time created much excitement, and caused considerable discus sion and controversy in the public journals, which resulted in his pardon for the murder, and his being put on his trial a second time for bigamy, will be released from Wandsworth House of Correction during the present month, the sentence of twell e months' imprisonment passed upon him for the last-named offence having expired. Dr. Smethurst is con siderably reduced in bulk, but his bodily health does not appear to be impaired by his lengthened incarceration. ARTILLERY EXPERIMENTS AT BEXHILL—The experiments to test the power of Sir W. Armstrong's heavy guns against No. 48 Martello Tower, at Bexhill, which had been arranged to take place on Monday last, were post poned, in consequence of an intimation having been re ceived from the Horse Guards to the effect that other duties would prevett the attendance of his Royal High ness the Duke of Cambridge. The experiments will take plo.c. On the 19th instant. T.HE PECULIAR PHENOMENON IN THE MONEY MARKET. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,--May not the anomaly of sending gold from London to Paris apparently at a loss be accounted for by considering the different condi tions on which the Banks of France and England issue notes ? The Bank of England is restricted by the Act of 1844 from issuing more notes than for an equivalent value of gold deposited, with the exception of the fixed and never varying amount of £14,000,000 issued.against securities. The Bank of France has no other restriction in its issue of notes than that which the liability to convertibility imposes, and may safely, as experi ence testifies, issue two notes against the value of one deposited in gold. Hence against a deposit of £lOO in gold they can issue £2OO in notes, and when the rate of discount is 31, as at present, they gain L 3 10s., which leaves a profit after covering the loss in the rate of ex change. Have we not here further evidence of the ten dency of the Act of 1844 to make money dearer, to the advantage of the moneyist, at the expense of the capitalist and operative, who have to pay 2 per cent. more for money than their competitors in France ; the rate of the Bank of France now being 31 per cent., while that of the Bank of England is 4 per cent. and likely to go still higher. We blame the French for their monopolies, and yet maintain ourselves the very worst of all mono polies—by the Act of 1844—monopoly in the manufacture of money. By the operation of that Act we are exposed to drains of gold arising from deficient harvests or other causes in France as well as from our own ; as the Bank of France can out bid the Bank of England for our reserve of gold, and abstract at their pleasure the basis of our monetary system. I am, Sir, Your obedient Servant, HAMER STANSFELD. The Grange, Burley, near Otley, Nov. 7, 1860. TEE AMERICAN SEARCH FOR THE LOST POLAR EXPEDITION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—It may interest some of your readers to know that information has been received, through the United States, from Mr. Hall, who, last May, so bravely and so nobly went at his own expense to try and obtain additional facts concerning the Franklin expedition. The whaler George Henry is wintering at the mouth of Hudson Bay, and Mr. Hall intends re maining on board of her until the spring, when he purposes starting by Fury Straits to the locality where additional traces can assuredly be found. The Esquirnaux named Cudlajah, who had been in the United States and was accompanying Mr. Hall, unfortunately died (as most all of them do who visit civilised places) from consumption. Thus Mr. Hall will have to proceed by himself and a small picked crew, and, to do this well, he purposes acclimatising himself during the winter and learn ing the native language. With reference to this information, let us not for get that other news has lately li'een received con cerning the discovery of some white men's bodies and a course of boats, as if a party had been trying to effect their escape—who knows ? perhaps for years among the natives —to the sea coast, where whalers frequent. Are we still to shut our eyes to such facts as are repeatedly brought forward, showing the necessity for another, and, this time, an effective search after our unfortunate fel low-countrymen ? The other day, having to lecture on the subject at Leeds, when Lord Palmerston was there, I wrote asking him, for the sake of humanity, to hear what I had got to say, and, if he thought fit, send any person acquainted with the subject to re fute me if he could. I received a simple reply, and afterwards I found my letter had been forwarded to the Admiralty, who wrote to me in their usual manner. But I ask, as I asked Lord Palmerston, is itconsistent with our honour and duty as a great nation to allow the matter to rest as it is ? I empha tically say—No. Every national feeling should prompt to a renewal of the search by such an expedi tion this time as shall be truly the people's and truly effectual. It behoves us not to leave our work un done, when it can now so easily—in comparison with formerly—be completed ; and still more it be hoves us to do this when we find a brave American determined to try and let his flag accomplish what we have signally failed in. For the honour of our land, then, and for the cause of humanity, let us hope that the subject will be so pressed upon Government that next spring may see something more effectually done. In urging this Ido so against my own private interests, seeing that my desire has been, and still is, to lead any new search, and no Government expedition would be likely to give me that post. But I can cheerfully forego self in such a cause, and as I find the underhand influence of some parties so strong against myself or any person going not officially connected with the authorities or Arctic men, I put this forward, hoping for some good result in that form—at all events in any way, so that one more good search be made, and the British flag employed in it to do our o wn work. — I am, sir, your obedient servant, W. PARKER SNOW. St. John's Hill, New Wandsworth, S.W. THE GOVERNMENT AND THE WRIT- WORTH CANNON. The Manchester Guardian states that Mr. Whit worth is making some of his rifled cannon for the English Government, and that others are being made in the Woolwich factory. This step of the authorities did not result from the now celebrated trial of the Whitworth rifle at Vincennes recently, or the equally celebrated interview at St. Cloud between of the inventor ten and the Emperor upon the subjectfor the manufacture of the cannon as well as the rifle. The instructions under which Mr. Whitworth is acting followed cannon a closely nn o n i b ap y o t n be the presentation officers tationof the reaptotretasto thethe trials upon the Southport beach at the end of July. Those officers included Col. St. George, President of the Ordnance Select Committee ; Col. Bingham, for the Horse Guards ; and Capt. Herbert, for the Admiralty. favourableo u r contemporaryasto theh has p r r e e as ei o e n ion t , o g b r e e l a ie t ve r , an sp g e e c , i a a n ll d y general " handiness" of the Whitworth cannon ; but it was not favourable as regarded the adoption of the breech-loading system, which was con demned as a principle not desirable to be used on shipboard, although Mr. Whitworth's plan was approved of in itself. The result is that Mr. Whitworth is now manufacturing, in Man chester, some SOlb. muzzle-loaders for the Admiralty. The change in the machinery used at Woolwich for the Armstrong gun, in order to fit it for its new work, is very slight and simple. At Woolwich, the experiment in hand is the making of a few 80- pounders for the Admiralty ; but the machinery is already " converted," as far as is necessary, and it is not improbable that a 121 b cannon will soon be sent to the Arsenal from Manchester, as a sample for a field battery. Mr. Whitworth has from the first stated, and has often exemplified, that his can non was as efficient as a muzzle-loader as when loaded at the breech by means of his very simple and very strong arrangements for the purpose. The hexagonal shot passes from the muzzle to the breech with perfect ease ; there will still be the great advantage of the cannon never requiring to be sponged out ; and consequently as a mere matter of speed of firing, the muzzle-loading 80-pounder will be as effective as the breech-loader with which such admirable practice was made at Southport, and such penetrating and smashing work was done against the armour-plated sides of the Trusty at the Nore. With muzzle-loaders, the friction fuse will be in the usual place at the top of the breech, instead of in the centre of its end ; and thus will be at once obviated the shooting backwards of the friction tube. This supposed objection has not in fluenced the Admiralty, who object to breech-loaders almost wholly from the conviction that their use would fill the 'tween decks with smoke much more densely than is the case with muzzle-loaders. 0 „_