The Sun. — London, England, 1859-08-24 00:00:00

ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. tinder the als.nagement 0 tr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENING, THE WIFE'S SECRET. Mr. and Kr*. C. Lean. To calends with A 3IIDSUMICER NIGH rs DREAM. Commence at 7. ------- THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with THE HA.PPIEST AY OF MY LIFE. Followed by THE D CONTESTED ELECTION. After which, OUT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND. And HALLOWE'EN. Commence at 7. W THEATRE - ROYAL, AD EL PHL STEW Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. For the Benefit of Mr. Paul Bedford. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with THE FLOWERS OF THE FOREST. Messrs. Billington, Stuart, P. Bedford, C. Marshall' C. J. Smith, Garden ; Miss Marian Lacey, Miss K. Kelly, and Mrs. Billington. After which, NORMA. Mr. P. Bedford. Followed by the new burlesque, THE BABES IN THE WOOD. Messrs. C. Marshall, Paul Bord, C. J. Smith , Ebunie ; Miss Woolgar and Miss K. K elly. rd ' Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box Office open from 10 to 5 —no charge for booking. No fees to servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanberough THIS EVENING, THE MAID WITH THE MILKING PAIL, After which, A SCHOOL FOR COQUETTES. Misses Swanborongh, Oliver, and Lavine. Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. VERDI'S OPERA OF MACBETH. The whole of the first Act of this Opera, now produced for the first time in this country (the remaining three acts be in course of rehearsal), is sung nightly at the CAN TERBURY HALL CONCERTS. THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY, oonsisting, ot three Juvenile Violinists, viz, Jules, Juliette, and Julia Delepierre, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and EIGHT years. The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios eva written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu siastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France and Belgium. They will perform TWICE EACH EVENING, in addi tion to the usual Entertainments. THE WEATHER.—Strx Orncz, AtorsT 24. THERMOYETER, IN THE SHADE. 76—highest since noon yesterday. 62—lowest this morning and during the night. 75—this day at noon. BARomETEn-30.07—falling. WIND, South-Westerly ; light, with very warm fine weather, HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tnxs DA:Y.—Morning, 9h. 21m.—Afternoon, 10h. Bm. To-Monnow-Morning, 10h. 55m.—Afternoon, 11h. 38m. THE SUN. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 24, 1859. According to all accounts the affairs of Italy are going on swimmingly—the Italians, being left to themselves, are acting with promptitude and moderation. The true end of liberty is the general happiness of the people—thereby adminis tering the greatest good to the greatest number. The Italians in the several Duchies seem bent on achieving this great desideratum, and we earnestly hope they will be left to themselves in order to consolidate their institutions, based on the sound principle of doing unto others as they would be done to themselves. _ _ The conferences at Zurich may be making pro gress, but until their work be finished or until the plenipotentiaries quarrel among them selves or at the instigation of thue who pull the secret strings of diplomacy, little can be known. If rumour may be trusted, everything seems to go smoothly as yet, for the instructions from Vienna would appear to be much modified of late. Perhaps the Emperor FRANCIS JOSEPH may now consider discretion to be the better part of valour, seeeing that the turn of public opinion in Ger many seems as much against him as it was pre viously in his favour. From this we may augur a more speedy, as well as more satisfactory, solution of the questions at issue—more especially the national interests of the Italians. In that wretched National Gallery of ours in Trafalgar-square we have evidence of the extraor dinary results of misapplied niggardliness. In that ornate and magnificent Palace of the Legislature down at Westminster we have on the other hand evidence quite as remarkable in its way of the no less I extraordinary results of an equally misplaced ex travagance. The unfortunate architect of the Na tional Gallery, cut down in allhis estimates, cramped in the area allotted to him, with his darling de signs contracted and forshortened—is said to have shed tears of anguish and disappointment when, standing at Charing Cross, he gazed at that ridicu lous fagade with pilasters and sham windows in stone, with a central flour-dredge and a prepos terous pepper-box at each end. Ever since then that "finest site in Europe" which might also, without much difficulty have been rendered nearly the finest sight in Europe—has been disfigured by an edifice that looks far more like the back entrance to the royal stables (originally stand ing there) than a building dedicated to the pur poses of a National Gallery. As we have intimated this ludicrous result was really and truly owing less to the architect than to the economists by whom his designs were dwarfed and distorted. Inso much that the National Gallery remains there to this day as a disastrous token of a mean and nig gardly thrift on the part of the wealthiest of all the Governments of Christendom. It is more than that, it is a warning, and one that appeals to future Ministries irresistibly. Exactly opposite that unfortunate edifice, within view of it, far away there at Westminster, there is a contrary token—a token, not of national mean ness, but of national extravagance. And this, too, is a warning for after Administra tions—though a warning in an exactly opposite direction.. That superb and majestic pile of build- 'lugs called the New Palace at Westminster, - while it undoubtedly will attest to after times the genius of Sir CHARLES BARRY, and the skill in *any rare and important crafts by English artists and artizans in the middle of this nineteenth cen tury—will no less surely, and no less plainly, when its origin comes to be examined into, proclaim also a monstrous prodigality in the expenditure upon this on e edifice alone of moneys dragged from the p pockets of a n over-tared people, t o b e squan d ere d around by a series of comp/ -a-sant Governments. When the design was first delivered to us by Sir CHARLES (then Mr.) BARRY__ the cost was estimated by the architect at £BOO,OOO or thereabouts —at any rate at consi derably less than one million sterling. Already— and the last saw has not yet rung there. the last nail has not yet been driven home—some X 3,000,000 or £4,000,000 have been swallowed up in that sumptuous Gothic palace of the Legislature down at Westminster. We have paid dearly enough for the lesson—but still it is a lesson through which we have learnt a vast deal for our future guidance. We have learnt, first of all, from it—that the course most advisable to be followed here, as almost everywhere else, is unquestionably, as usual, the medium course—midway between the two ex tremes—between the Scylla and the Charybdis— between niggardliness and extravagance. We see only too plainly what shipwreck was made upon the stubborn rock, on the one hand, in the instance bIRC . 0"4 .' OR orr 'I, of the National Gallery. We are beholding, year after year, upon tho other, what " sunken wreck and sumless treasury" may go down and disappear, as in the vortex of an insatiable whirlpool, in the instance of the new Houses of Parliament. Be sides, we know now beyond a moment's further doubt, that the Gothic style of architecture in this northern climate (for that matter it might be said in any climate), with its incontestible spen dour and beauty, has no less incontestibly abundant sources of inconvenience. It is the very perfection of all orders of architecture, if you will, for ecclesiastical structures, for Christian churches and cathedrals. When so applied, it is, in truth, as COLERIDGE described it poetry in stone frozen music There, under its sculptured roof beams, in those edifices dedicated to the adoration of GOD—there may be, there unquestionably is, a supplementary charm, an additional attribute of the beautiful in what MILTON sang of as " a dim religious light.'► A " darkness visible," singularly inappropriate and inconvenient, however, in any other public structure than a church or a cathedral. Sir CHARLES BARRY has taught us that, among other now admitted truths in return for our £3,000,000 or £4,000,000. Re membering which, it may be as well to apply the knowledge we have thus gained, the knowledge we have thus purchased—now that we are about to begin in earnest the erection of a lordly pile of public offices for the use of the various departments of the Government in Whitehall and Westminster. An evident disposition to act wisely in this way has already to some extent been manifested by the present Government. The Prime Minister, we have seen, has declared point-blank against the Gothic style —avowing, for very sensible rea sons clearly stated, a decided preference for the Classic or the Rennaissance. So far, so good. But Ministers will have to go a little further. While deciding thus they must, above all things, act with the strictest justice to the competitors. Mr. FITZROY in this particular is called upon to repair the error inaugurated, it may be inad vertently inaugurated, but still inaugurated, by his predecessor (Lord JOHN MANNERS) under the late Administration. Let the Chief Commis sioner then observe clearly, before it is yet too late, how the matter really stands ! When last year (1858) the commission granted to the Government architect (Mr. PENNETHORNE) was rescinded, and the project placed, as it ought to have been at the very outset, in the hands of the principal com petitors—who was the party selected from among the leading group of prizemen ? A first? A second? No—it was a third prizeman (Mr. SCOTT) who was chosen, and for this very com prehensible reason—Mr. SCOTT, the winner of that third prize, had adopted the Gothic style which, above all, was the favourite style par ex cellence in the estimation of Lord JOHN MANNERS, then Chief Commissioner. But now that a classic style, instead of a Gothic style, has been made choice of by Lord PALMERSTON, the matter obviously stands quite differently. Both first and second prizemen have then, surely, prior claims to a third, and that third, a Gothic prizeman —who is still, however retained as A 1, though third on the list, and though his success as such was wonby a Gothic design. It is true that those winners of a second prize, Messrs BANKS and B A RRY, have some sort of anticipative compensation in that commission which has been accorded to them for the Academy Buildings to be erected upon part of the /316 x of Burlington - Rouge, Piccadilly. But how about Mr. GARLING, a first prizeman ? We, who know nothing whatever of that gentleman personally, have never heard of his getting any further notice than the comparatively empty award of that bauble of a first prize without a whisper of a commission. Ac cording to which mode of arrangement the results of the competition are, apparently, to go for nothing. The round man is to be put into the square hole again—the square man is to be put into the round hole—and one of the first men, one of the foremost men, one of the chief prizemen among the competitors—the only one we believe chosen unanimously—is to be put, just nowhere. Is this just ? Is it wise ? Is it generous ? We submit that here are reasons for the reoonsideration of the whole of the existing arrangements by Lord PALMERSTON, as First Lord of the Treasury, and by Mr. FITZROY, as Chief Commissioner. " Men on strike" have seldom met with fairer treatment from the press, and from the public generally, than the building trades on the present occasion. There has been every disposition to give them their due, to maintain their rights, and not only their rights but their fair moral claims. It cannot be said that the middle and upper classes have been at all too ready to take part with the masters against their men. It is obviously for the interest of all of us, pecuniarly, that the men should work as cheaply as they can. Ultimately we must all get better houses for our money in proportion to the smallness of the cost of them to the builder. Yet all have discussed the subject without a thought of anything but of what is fair between master and man. We have already shown that we could not com mend the plan adopted by the workmen—that of forming themselves into large corporations to give orders to all the workmen in the employ of any master, which orders must be obeyed at all costs and inconveniences to master or to man. This, as the declaration put forth by the masters shows, is the pith of the dispute. \l r e observe that 31r. EDWIN JAMES has condemned the declaration as " most arbitrary and unjust." But even if the masters' terms will bear this character, what led to their being proposed ? Just the ar bitrary and unjust terms exacted by an authority which certainly has no equitable claim to direct the proceedings of persons employed by another. It is a truth stamped with very high authority, indeed, that "no man can serve two masters," and all experience proves it a truth. The builders have, indeed, absurdly pretended that their unions are but clubs for their support and relief in times of sickness and affliction. Were that really the case the dispute about a declaration would soon be at an end. Every master is anxious to encou rage such clubs and savings banks, and every thing that makes his men thrifty—such men are always his most trust worthy hands. Let, then, every rule in the Trades Unions be abrogated but such as re late to mutual succour and relief, and the de claratian would be waste paper. It is pro- posed merely as the necessary counterpart of the declaration explicitly or virtually made by the workmen in joining the union which would control the masters. These declarations, which practically limit the work the more skilful and industrious can do, and those which require all the men to turn out of a yard if a man be introduced not belonging to a union, appear to us to be " most arbitrary and unjust" indeed ; and surely masters are justified in resisting to the last such tyranny and slavery. It seems to us that it is here the concession m:.st beg i n . The workmen took the first false step in converting their benevolent unions into engines for only their masters, b u t a ll workmen w oppressing not d not join them. We put it t o any English man free from partisanship p h p o r in the matt er , w h et h er would be done by, when every it is doing as we wou- THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AtTGITST" '24, 1859. E AMNESTY., A r l JEST NEW S. M. VICTOR H M. Victor Hugo has made the following decla ration, refusing to avail himself of the Amnesty published by his Majesty the Emperor of the French !. - - ---- " Personne n'attendra de moi que j'accorde, en ce qui me eoncerne, un moment d'attention a la chose appelee amnistie. "Daps la situation ou est la France, protestation absolue, inflexible, eternelle, voila pour moi le devoir. " Fidele a I'engagement que j'ai pris visa vis de ma conscience, je partagerai jusqu'au bout l'exil de la liberte. Quand la liberte rentrera, je rentrerai. "VICTOR HUGO. " Hauteville House, Guernsey, 18 Aout, 1859." The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : PARIS, AUG. 24. The Monitcur of this morning contains the following : " The Emperor having ordered that the army be reduced from a war to a peace footing, the Minister of War has given orders that from the 20th Sep tember those men should return to their homes whose term of service expires in 1859 ; moreover, MANSLATION. " No one will suppose that I think of bestowing a moment's attention on the thing called an amnesty' in so far as I am myself concerned. " In the present situation of France, an absolute, inflexible, eternal protest is for me a duty. " Faithful to the engagement to which I have pledged my conscience, I shall share the exile of liberty to the end, and when liberty returns, I shall return also." furloughs of three months will be allowed to those who are in that class of exceptional cases provided for by the statute of 1832, and the same has also been granted to the men who can prove that they are indispensable for the support of their family." The Moniteur further announces that M. Kolbe Bernard has been elected deputy for Lille. ZURICH, AUG. 24. Yesterday the Plenipotentiaries of France and ustria held a Conference, which lasted two hours. BERNE, AUG. 23. The favourable results of the Conferences are confirmed. Yesterday there was no Conference, but M. de Desambrois paid a visit to Count Colloredo and M. de Bourqueney. ZURICH, AUG. 23. The Plenipotentiaries have, through the medium of the Federal Council, conveyed their thanks to the Government of Zurich for the excellent recep tion they have met with. M. Von Reisig has arrived here from Vienna with despatches. MODENA, AUG. 23. The National Assembly, in its sitting of to-day, unanimously voted the following decrees :- 1. The confirmation of the dictatorship of Signor Farini, giving him full powers to contract a loan of 5,000,000 of lire. 2. The erection of a monument to commemorate the votes of the Assembly decreeing the decheance of Francis V. and the annexation of Modena to Piedmont. 3. That the volunteers who served in the late campaign for the independence of Italy have de served well of their country. 4. That the Dictator be charged to negotiate with the several foreign powers for the restitution of the political prisoners whom Francis V. carried away with him on leaving the country. The Assembly was afterwards prorogued. TRIESTE, AUG. 23 The Austrian frigate Novara entered the port of Ragusa yesterday, and the Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian, with the squadron, has also arrived ere. INDIA. TRIESTE, AUG. 23 The Austrian Lloyd's steamer has arrived with the following advices CALCUTTA, JULY 16, A strong police force has been stationed on the frontiers of Oude, in order to prevent a possible inroad of rebels into that country. A large number of the late East India Com pany's European troops are taking their discharge. Government has chartered two vessels for the con veyance of 1,200 of these soldiers, who return to Europe. The ex-King of Oude has been set at liberty. HONGKONG, JULY 5. A strong English squadron has been collected in Schlenitler (?), in order to escort the Ambassadors proceeding up the river. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. CALCUTTA, JULY 16, Imported goods have declined. Exports moil considerable. Freights flat. Exchange on Lon. don, 2s. OW. to 2s. Old. MADRAS, July 22. Exchange on London, 2s. Old. to 2s. ld. HONGKONG, JULY 5. Freights unalteied. Exchange on London, 4s 9d. to 4s. 10d. Exports unimportant. neglected. CANTON, JULY 3. English goods are SHANGHAI, JUNE 25, The prices of silk have gone down. Tea, little doing. Exchange on London, 6s. sid. to 6s. 61d. Freights, for silk, £4 to £4 10s. ; for tea, £2 to £2 10s. FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY. BounsE, Aug. 23.--The tone of the market has been more satisfactory than on preceding days, but with the same limited business doing. Threes, after having been done at 68f. 85e., improved to 69f. 10c. Mobilier varied from 822 f. 50c. to 827 f. 50c. ; Aus trian, 558 f. 75c. to 560 f. ; Lombard, 557 f. 50c. to 580 f. ; Orleans, 1,360 f. to 1,362 f. 50c. ; Lyons, 870 f. to 872 f. 50c. ; Southern, 510 f. to 512 f. 50c. ; Eastern, 650 f. to 652 f. 50c. The following were the last quotations :- 4.1 per Cents. 97 75 Credit Foncier 660 Do. end month .. 97 75 Belgian 41. 3 per Cents. 69 Piedmontese (5) Do. end month.... 69 10 Roman Bank Shares 2BOO Austrian Credit Mobilier .. 825 Spanish Threes, — Do. Account 823 75 Home Debt 4l 75 Account. Orleans Northern 925 .. 927 50 New ditto BO7 50 .. 812 50 Lyons and Msditerranean B7O .. 868 75 Opneva 530 .. S outhern • Western 560 .. 560 Eastern Sardinias 412 50 .. Austrian .4 557 50 .. 558 75 Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 121 c ' . • money, 25f 10c.; three months, pape r, 24f. 97tc.; money, 24f. 95c. RAILWAYS. Cash. 6.4...... ._ ~ ......-...,.,.. - . . - - displeasure. The Italian q - Lic,:d ion is very clear, iy, eflee by iii.; devoted wife, that Ii: had ,ketelica and it is no doubt on that account that they will out the plan or the work previously, but that the not understand it. The union, perfect order, and whole of it was composed and dictated after perfect wisdom which the people of Tuscany, the Duchies, wrote to give himself an occupation , and also from an ardent desire to excite sympathy an d activity in and the Romagna now display are admirable. I blindness and almost helplessness had set in. He certainly did not think that Italy was incapable of behalf of his fellow sufferers. He treats separately acting so, still the spectacle of such ar t attitude of the horn blind, the educated blind, the embossed affords me great pleasure ; have, therefore, faith in me, gentlemen, and be assured that now as well as system, and of remarkable cases of b lindness. He informs us that those born blind are comp aratively in future I shall do everything in my power to few in nu.nber. It is believed that of the 30.000 blind persons in this country, this cl ass numbers promote the welfare of Italy." only about 2,500. In the chapter on the educated blind we meet several interesting accounts of those who have attained proficiency in various branches of learning. The cases of Laura Bridgman, and others similarly afflicted, who have been deprived cif more than one sense, are cited, and the means of instruction most successfully employed are alluded to. The calm and cheerful tone of the work would scarcely lead the reader to suppose that it was com posed by one suffering so great a deprivation ; but we gather from the preface that the Christian for titude of Dr. Bull enabled him to meet his loss with courage and resignation, and that he continued to the last his endeavours to benefit othe rs, one of his occupations being that of teaching the blind to read. " He sought them out wherever he on was stay- s ing, and by means of small brass letters, Moon' system, enabled many a solitary person to read the word of God for himself. Of this the appendix con tains many instances, as recorded in his private journal." All who are personally interested in the moral and mental welfare of the blind should pro cure this little volume. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, AUG. 23. The screw-steamer Anglo• Saxon, Ballantyne Commander, arrived this morning with advises from Quebec to the 13th inst., and from New York by telegram, to the evening of that day. The steam-ship Glasgow, from Glasgow, had arrived at New York. NEW-YORK, AUG. 13. The screw steam-ship City of Manchester, from Belfast and Queenstown, arrived here this after noon. The steam-ship Ocean Queen sailed at noon to day for Southampton and Havre, taking out 1,415,000 dollars in specie. The steamer Kangaroo took her departure at the same time for Liverpool via Queenstown, having on freight 89,000 dols. specie. On our Stock Exchange to-day the transactions were not very large, but prices generally were rather higher. At ths• close, however, the market showed signs of weakness. In the money market there has been no change, and the rates of exchange are without variation. Cotton is heavy. The sales to-day were to a moderate extent on the basis of 12ke. for middling uplands. In the corn market, flour to-day was unsettled and lower for State and Western. Superfine State is quoted at 4 dols. to 4 dols. 30c.; extra State, 4 dols. 35c. to 4 dols. 50c.; round hoop, Ohio, 4 dols. 65c. to 5 dols. 10c. ; Southern dull at 4 dols. 90c. to 5 dols. for mixed to good ; and 5 dols. 25c. to 7 dols. 75c. for fancy and extra. Canadian flour is quite nominal. NEW ORLEANS, AUG. 12, EVENING. Our cotton market is dull, but the quotations show no change. Sales to-day 250 bales. Our market for Indian corn has considerably declined. MOBILE, AUG. 12, EVENING. Sales of cotton to-day, 1,100 bales, at 112- to 111 c. for middling. MONTREAL, AUG. 13, EVENING. Our flour market is very dull. Superfine sells at 4 dols. 80c. to 5. Fancy and extra 5 dols. to 5 dols. 40c. No wheat offering. Ashes dull and droop ing ; pots, 5 dols. 60c. ; pearls, 5 dols. 80c. The ceremony of laying the foundation stone of the last pier of the Victoria-bridge took place to-day The weather is warm and favourable for harvest--* ing. The crops (except hay) are heavy, and in the western provinces, are out of danger. The half-yearly statement of the imports at this port show a great increase over last year—being nearly double. Other ports show a similar increase. A Toronto despatch says that a more abundant harvest has never been known in that part of Canada. A Tale for the Pharisees. By the author of " Dives and Lazarus." Judd and Glass. The author of this work is evidently well ac quainted with the struggles, sorrows, and tempta tions of the suffering poor in London. This work records the life of a mother whose only son falls into bad company, and whose whole life is a per petual struggle to save him from the disgrace and punishment he deserves. The conclusion of the story is most painful, since the mother herself sinks into intemperance, having lost her character by herself assuming the guilt of the theft her son had committed. There is much true and lif e-hko portraiture in the book, though its interest is of a gainful kind. The author does not in the least attempt to palliate the vices and errors of those he. describes. Differing in this respect from mostot those who take their heroes and heroine s among the lower classes, he does not represen t them as invested with any extraordinary attribute s. We meet no specially favoured individuals who have retained through a long and struggling l ife the Christian impressions of the Sunday - scho ol ; no pious invalid or toiling moralist, ever striv in g to instruct and convert his neighbours. But though less gratifying to the charitable there is little doubt that his portraiture is the more life-ilice• His writings remind us of the allusion of INloure to the muse of Crabbe— Still softening as she frowns along O'er scenes which angels weep to see, Till Truth herself half veils the wrong In pity of the misery. The moral he draws from his descriptions is stern and sad, and the book, though many of its scenes are harsh and repulsive, and its heroine loses ou r sympathy from her final recklessness and dissipa tion, is truly a tale to make the Pharisees less e° 11 " fident in their self-satisfaction, since it teaches thesa how heavily some of the fallen have been tried al l tempted. Memories of Rome. By Denis O'Donovan► Esci° catholic Publishing Company. An enthusiastic record of the impression wade, on a young and ardent traveller by the marvelspl the Eternal City. It gives a fresh and vic,'7, description of the various wonders of art the writer paid homage to, and though soinewua, rhapsodical at times is evidently the result ..01 genuine feeling. The writer, as a Catholic, natu ra Y introduces some account of his introduction to tin Pope and his presence at the grand festivals of the Church. There is nothing, however, to affNn the reader of a different creed, since he preserve° a tone of moderation highly commendable. Wanderings in India and other Sketches of Life in Hindostan. By John Lang. Routledge . , r These lively and entertaining sketches a re I.° o the most part reprinted from " Household Words., The readers of that periodical will be glad to gle e ' them in a collected form, while those who are un acquainted with them will find much to please anu interest them in these animated records of A n g l°- Indian life. The Northumbrian Abbots. By R. B. Saunders and Ottley. This is a tale of the seventh century, briefly' and simply told. It is intended to show the state o ecclesiastical . and theological questions at that time, especially as regards the monastic life. There are also some discussions on the Christian dogma and matters of faith. It is not likely to attrac.t those who seek for an exciting narrative, but it gives an interesting picture of that remote circa Warbortau• and may serve to suggest reflection on serious matters. HER MAJESTY AT ALDERSHOTT. ------- OW The fishing in Lochfine is interrupted by 611 , 0 is pleasant feeling prevailing between the drift net . fit-' e t her upper Lochfine and the trawlers from Tarbert a nd 89 , stations down the loch. It is reported that the latter,_ed termined to enforce trawling in the upper loch, have 8 1 7 . themselves with muskets, and that shots have ueen farc Th e manceuvres incident to repelling the attack of an enemy advancing upon London by the Farr ham-road were renewed at camp yesterday morning. Her Majesty, accompanied and attend e d as on the previous day, quitted the Pavilion at 11 o'clock, and as soon as the Royal cortege had t a k e n up its position at the centre the evolutions, such as they were, commenced. The actual revi e w may be tol d in a few words. The lovers of m ere fi re and stunk ° were to a certain extent disappointed, yet as' picturesque spectacle the wh o l e affair was OM?' rable. The heights of Hungry-hill on tit Air southern aspect are broken into knolls, weeuv - 4 , ravines,. hedgerows, and orchards, in the moat pleasing variety ; the effect, therefore, when . the army advanced, when the orchards inclosures were wrapped in smoke, and the gl en; filled with brilliant masses of troops, was beautitil' beyond description. The defence of the lines began in the usual man" n . er, with a sharp, sputtering fire from the rifle in advance, which was soon supported by a h ea cannonade.... The rapid crackling fusilade from . t invincible sharpshooters, who were entirely produce, by trees, showed the a d m i ra bl e d e f ens ive cap a hll ties of the . post, but it was not until the hex, ettns came into play that the really formine 0 nature r. of the position was fully manifested. Fr o n d . 00 . different points on the steepest Iveights , ,t ro heights apparently inaccessible to cannon , v"T ia muzzles only j us t p eere d over th e brows of the hi er .' came broad red streaks of flame aud stunning re ,ot berations which almost shook the earth. N ot a krill had been ov er l oo k e d, not a si ng l e av enue from whdled the enemy could approach was left ung ner • ht or free from a murderous cross fire of six or oge e pieces of ordnance. As the cannonade grew TT°. general and the enemy was supposed to ha ve " e r ic loped all his forces the troops lined the breastvje.he in dense masses, and now from all points along __LA line arose one of the most tremendous and sustanl,`; rolls of musketry and cannon that had ever NY posit o w ii the echoes of Aldershott. The whole seemed wrapped in a dense cloud, amid whic h ° w as th . e . great spurts of flame from the artillery, for visible. This terrific demonstration continneuray, nearly half an hour, by which time the cable of , of being merely mortals after all, and cap annihilation, were supposed to have had en el ! g. aoe this feu d'enfer. The troops closed up, an d 1 . 11 th e tions of four poured through the openings in ba t. breastwork in dense bright streams, while .0.0 in teries of artillery scrambled down the heishteairy, pursuit in the best way they could. Tha ca v the and Horse Artillery made a rapid movelnent en 00 right, and the advance along the whe:ie line he c , A eo p general. The whole mass poured_ down the guns s . lopes in front of the position (excepting the.„goe in the batteries, which remain.ea to cover the -,, - o as ment), the Riflemen were thrown out, a nd the w - dor and orchards began to echo like distant th lie t . o 2o under the continual fire. For some slie r ' , e pursuit of the flying foe was thu s n aed, tamed, after which a general halt was sol l ", o e. and some . of the regiments piled arms. A" - o il r . ied their provisions and water for the ( 110 halt it was at first generally imagined that the re was . called to allow the men to dine heierierval newing the pursuit. However, after an of . about an hour, which was employed toyed bald the je . sty and the Prince Consort in riding al e ,'" 0 1 iine and inspecting the work, the " assein b , i 'l anti or sounded, and, not a little to the surprise and bri" ance of the public who had come too late, ea cl - a t Bade . made the best of its way back to calnP the few minutes before one o'clock. Contrary t e ,, s oo eneral custom on these occasions, there nier marching past, and so the review terminated.; after Majesty at once returned to the Pavilion, an u „ • . he r 7 partaking of lunch quitted camp, attended v;,1300 usual escort. The Royal train was Dtten at the Farnborough station, and started wit Majesty for Southampton at 4 o'clock. h i l. lt is mere justice to those intrusted with L e ns: l ra el way arrangements to say that both on Ni t° as and Tuesday they gave every satisfact ion unusual influx of visitors. THE EMPEROR'S AMNESTY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I have received communications from some of my countrymen, whn, finding themselves in a most painful condition, and being anxiously sum moned home by their families, desire to know, in order to remove all doubts from their minds, whether, according to my views, persons situated as they are, would do better not to take advantage of the amnesty. I need not point out to you the importance of the matter, both to the persons alluded to and others who may be similarly cir cumstanced ; and this makes me hope that my answer will be published in your columns. That the amnesty should be welcomed by hearty and unqualified satisfaction, as far as it extends to the unfortunate men who are to be rescued from their places of deportation, or from their dungeons, that is, from a living death, is a matter of course. Who could think without emotion of so many mothers, wives, and children, whose hearts over- flowed with joy at the unexpected news ? But the amnesty may also be fairly hailed as a blessing by any among the exiles, whom their forlorn position in a foreign country, or family ties of a specially exigent character, justify in returning to their native land ; for the solution of the problem is not one which depends upon the requirements of party compact, but rests on individual re sponsibility. Persons placed in different cir, cumstances can hardly be expected to view a question of this kind in exactly the same light. Now, the amnesty, being unconditional, no sort of stain whatever attaches to the act of avail- ing oneself of it, more especially if it be for the purpose of fulfilling domestic duties not less im perious and sacred than those arising from political convictions. No man, therefore, conscientiously influenced by such contingencies, is obnoxious to blame for seizing the opportunity, though reluctant to receive the boon. On the other hand, there are those who, without being in the slightest degree prompted by the silly desire of setting up as martyrs, feel bound to sub ordinate all personal considerations to what they conceive to be a public duty consequent upon their position. If these persons have strong and obvious motives for believing that their return, besides being unsafe, would be of no avail either to their cause or to their country, they are, it seems to me, perfectly entitled to remain where they can speak out their mind, and enjoy the ennobling protection of the law. To serve France in France is for us now plainly impossible. To serve her abroad is the only chance we have left—at least, so long as the policy of the Empire remains unchanged. I have already acknowledged—which, I am sorry to say, was wilfully ignored by some of my critics— that Louis Bonaparte could hardly have done for us, in the present conjuncture, more than he has. But the amnesty is not the payment of the debt he owes to France, and in this payment lies the only means of imparting to the amnesty the character of a sincere and truly national act. Let the most odious practice be abolished which confiscates per sonal liberty on mere suspicion, and is, in fact, worse than the famous lai des suspects enacted in the darkest days of the first French Revolution. Let the principle be laid down that no person henceforth shall be dealt with as a criminal who has not been previously convicted by a jury of his countrymen. Let the Press be ungagged, by the withdrawal of the crushing system of warnings, which is meant to annul the jury, and to make the whole of a man's property responsible for a single word. Let a fairly elected representative body speak openly before the country, and no check be put on the publicity of their deliberations—let, in fine all those rights be restored to France which constitute civil and political liberty, then the am nesty will be a clear, appreciable measure. Till this be done, it remains open to the suspicion of insincerity, and may be taken as an indication of weakness rather than of strength. Whenever all this shall 13.. t done, then—and I urge the point, in order to prevent future misapprehension—it may become not only the desire but the duty of those now compelled to be in a state of self-imposed exile to return to the country, not indeed to force their particular views upon an unwilling majority, but to have them tested by peaceful discussion, and either received of rejected on their own merits. I am, Sir, yours, &c., LOUIS BLANC. August 33• TEE INDIA LOAN. (From the Timis' City Article.) The India 5 per cent. Loan of £5,000,000 was successfully contracted yesterday morning. The minimum price fixed by the Council was 97, and it appeared upon opening the tenders that there were biddings for £5,824,750 at and above that point, while there were also applications on lower terms for about I:2,500,000. The main proportion of the accepted tenders ranged between 97 and 971 ; but there were a few at or about 98, and one at the ex traordinary price of 100. The total at 97 was £1,339,400, and the applicants at that price will receive only about 38 1-3 d per cent. of the amounts sought, as the total taken at higher figures is £4,485,350. Messrs. Rothschild sent in a list for nearly £1,000,000 at £97 Os. 6d., and nearly another £1,000,000 was subscribed at £97 ls. On the first announcement of the completion of the loan it was stated that the applications at and above the mini mum an ounted to £6,098,000, and that those who had tendered at 97 would consequently receive only about 20 per cent. of the sums asked. Late in the afternoon, however, a mistake was discovered, and it then appeared that the proportions are as have just been stated. At the commencement of business in the Stock Exchange, and before the adjudication had taken place, the quotation at which dealings took place was 97 - 4 to 1. Afterwards there was a rise to 981, and the final 4 price was 971 to 98. The transactions were very numerous, and a large number of them consisted of actual investments. At the minimum price of 97 the coast of the loan (reckoning accrued dividend and discount for prepayment of instalments) will be £95 17s. The tcnders were opened by Mr. E. Macnaghten, the chairman of the Finance Committee, assisted by the other members of the committee, Mr. Charles Mills, Sir Proby Cautley, and Mr. Arbuthnot, the minimum price having been previously declared. The total number was about 800, of which 567 were at and above 97—namely :- 151 tenders at £97 £1,339,400 376 tenders as fellows At £97 0 3 97 0 6 .. 21,000 .. 1,498,050 97 0 7 97 1 0 97 1 3 97 2 0 97 2 6 97 3 0 97 3 6 97 3 9 44,500 920,300 370,500 100,000 223,600 115,000 10,000 12,000 335,000 r) 0 97 .5 6 97 7 6 97 10 0 97 10 2 97 10 6 97 10 7 97 11 0 97 11 3 97 12 6 97 15 0 98 0 0 98 1 0 98 2 6 98 5 0 98 5 6 98 10 0 98 15 0 100 0 0 46,000 13,000 477,400 1,000 40 .0 6,300 23,500 500 35 000 1,000 33,500 130,300 1,800 2,800 44,500 2,100 •• • • 13,500 3,000 00 O. 500 SARDINIA. The deputation appointed to present to the King of Sardinia the medal which has been struck by a private society, in commemoration of the words pronounced by his 'Majesty on his opening the ses sion of the Piedmontese Parliament on the 10th of January last, had the honour of an audience on the 20th. Count Mamiani, president of the committee, reminded his Majesty of the memorable words : " We are not insensible to the cry of grief which we hear from every part of Italy." His Majesty replied as follows I thank you for your beautifnl present. Ever since it has been in my power, I have consecrated my efforts to the great national cause. I have it constantly before my mind, I live for it, and am ready to die foe it. Difficulties and misfortunes arise which must he surmounted, and they cer ' tainly will, for I have witnessed the courage and discipline of which the Italians are capable. Under present circumstances, it has been impossible to go further, as I might have wished. In the midst of past sorrows, 1 have found great consolation in seeing that. the Italians have understood me, and have not entertained a doubt concerning me. The masses, blinded by excessive enthusiasm, are sometimes led astray ; I might have pardoned such false steps, but I repeat that I have nothing to reproach them with. It seems incredible that some countries, that are unfavourable to us, do not or will not believe that there is nothing obscure or insidious i my policy. Frank ness an d straight forwardness are its companions —perhaps it is the going straight to the object in view that creates workman engages to quit a master's employ because some other workman is engaged by the master who does not belong to one of these Unions ! As well might all persons who have insured their lives re fuse to deal with any who had not. Let the work men abolish all their unrighteous organisations, designed only to coerce men as well as master' Let them be rendered benevolent societies merely, and all difficulty would, we are persuaded, be re moved. Pledges are always unpleasant, but cir cumstances may render them necessary ; and till the workmen abandon the pledges they require from their fellows, we are not prepared to adopt Mr. JAMES' view of the pledge required by the masters. Already the masters must have sacrificed a large amount in unemployed stock and capital during the fortnight just elapsed. What their loss is, however, no one can easily estimate. The loss to the vien is more apparent. No fewer than 9,618 of them received their dividend last Monday. Sup pose 10,000 only to have lost the receipt of 30s. a week for the past fortnight, this alone shows a loss of £30,000 entirely thrown away—just as much lost as if so many sovereigns had been flung into the Bay of Biscay. It is a dead loss to the men. They have lost the exercise of their industry and its profits for the fortnight, and that fortnight they can in no way recover—indeed, in their trade less than in many others. We confess that we looked with melancholy feelings at the facts we recorded yesterday. It is but the beginning of the strike, and yet these 9,618 men received but about a shilling a-week from the Conference, in addition to two or three more from their unions. They were, to be sure, the " lock outs," and the gentlemen who enjoy the rank of " men on strike," enjoy also an honorarium of rather more than half what they used to earn when at work. But already, we fear, hundreds of these poor men and their families must begin to suffer some privations, privations which will increase every week. Some may exhaust their little treasures lying in the savings' banks, but we fear the majority have no such resource, and if the struggle continue, in all probability the pawnbroker will be the chief gainer ; while thousands during their whole lives will have to rue the folly of selling themselves into servitude to Unions and Conferences, and Mr. Secretary POTTER. It surely must be little better than madness, after all, for men who are confessedly earning five or six shillings a day to try to settle the nine hours' ques tion by punishing themselves and their poor fami lies as much, at least, as their masters. In this free country it might be discussed in so much less costly methods, that we must think the operatives, in the present case, the wretched dupes and victims of a few designing men. It generally turns out that some man who likes to " take it easy," with a ready tongue, and, perhaps, a ready pen too, makes him self a little king over his fellows, and what the vast majority of the men would resent, if proposed to them singly, as sheer folly, they shout for at a club meeting with the rest of the misled ones, and next morning are ashamed to confess that they were all fools together. Thus what few would have agreed to in cool judgment, is adopted in excite ment, and adhered to through false pride and shame. Highly probable is it that the present movement was inaugurated in some such fashion as this. Meantime the men should know that, the public cannot possibly feel anything like pity for men who have thrown away wages amounting to £BO a-year and more—the salary of hosts of clerks and curates —because they want to take one-tenth from their labour ; or, what is the same thing, to add one tenth to their wages. The report of the seventh general meeting of the Great Western Railway Literary Society has just been published, and gives a most satisfactory ac count of the prospects of the society. The great number of volumes in circulation prove its utility and efficiency, and show how readily the members avail themselves of the opportunities of mental cultivation, and recreation afforded them. The total number of volumes now in the possession of the society is 3,103, 344 volumes having been added to the library during the past year ; 282 by purchase, 56 by bound periodicals, and six by do nations. We should be glad to see the last item increased during the present year, since it is an excellent opportunity for those who take an inte rest in the diffusion of wholesome literature to en courage a praiseworthy undertaking. The monthly circulation for the last year has been 989 volumes or 11,868 in the course of the year. This large number shows a considerable increase over pre vious years, and testifies to the success of the society. Lectures have been instituted, given by well-known lecturers and the result has ex ceeded the expectations of the committee. The chairman, directors, and high officials of the company have, with their accustomed kindness and liberality, encouraged these efforts in every way. The committee hope during the ensuing winter to renew the classes which they introduced formerly. The financial accounts are most satisfac tory, and the general prospects of the society ap pear to be all that its warmest well-wishers could desire. As the non-secretary observes at the close of the report—" What incalculable benefits may be derived from a well-organised literary society ! Every age may alike feel its benefits. The youth's mind may receive a steady cast and impress from the desire of literary research. The tyro may be enabled and encouraged to complete his studies from the facilities afforded him, and to pursue the uneven and arduous track of knowledge in maturer age ; and, amidst the bustle and business of life, the periodicals and the press furnish him with in telligence on almost every imaginable subject ; and in the decline of life the library supplies him with fireside instruction and amusement." We trust the society will go on and prosper in the course they have so worthily followed, and that their success may be commensurate with the merits of their in stitution. Her Serene Highness the Princess Hohenlohe. Schillingfurst and the Prince Wittgenstein have arrived a Long's Hotel from the Isle of - Wight. The Marquis and Marchioness of Lothian have left Claridge's Hotel for Brickling Hall, Norfolk. The Marquis of Bristol has returned to town from visiting Lady Molesworth at her seat, Pencanow, in Cornwall. The Duchess of Parma is now at Haarlem with her brother, the Count de Chambord. The Emperor Francis Joseph has just entered on his 29th year, having been born on August 18, 1830. Count de Mornv, after having been present at the fetes in honour of the army of Italy, has again left Paris for Tfouville, to rejoin the countess. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston entertained at dinner on Saturday the French Ambassador, Comte and Comtesse de Cetto, Lady W. Russell, Mrs. L. Fox, Count Isturitz, Earl St. Germans, Hon. E. Ashley, Sir Henry Holland, Right Hon. C. Villiers, &C. THEATRE ROYAL ADELPHT..—Mr. Carter, the treasurer of this elegant theatre, has fixed Thursday, Sep tember 1, for his annual benefit. The entertainments on this occasion will consist of a celebrated drama, a serio • comic opera, and a variety of other amuse ments of a ver y attractive description. The high respect in which Mr. Carter is held by his friends will ensure him a crowded house. ACCIDENT AT THE FORESTERS' FETE.—An accident of a serious nature occurred about 8 o'clock last night, near the Crystal Palace, to a party returning from the fete there. Two omnibuses laden with visitors were returning home to Greenwich, and were proceeding down the road towards Sydenham Station, when just at the dip of the hill opposite the brick-fields near the Longton Hotel, the front omnibus suddenly, and without notice, pulled up, which obliged the rear omnibus driver to do the same so sharply as to snap the pole, and the vehicle was overturned. Nearly all the passengers were more orlesshurt—somo very severely. One poor young fellow was obliged to undergo amputation at the Greyhound Inn, the operation being per formed by Dr. Corbould and Mr. Wilkinson. Mr. Stutter has a surgery full, six or seven claiming his aid, one with a compound fracture of the leg. A very severe scalp wound was also dressed by Mr. Lang. Many others were obliged to wait until they reached Greenwich. The cause of the accident, it is understood, may mainly be attributed to the very reprehensible practice of driving heavily laden vehicles down hill without a drag. There were as many as 18 pas sengers outside when the omnibus overturned, 4,485,350 Z 5,824,750 LITERATURE. May Templeton : a Tale of Faith and Love. Re vised and edited by the author of "Eastern Hospitals and Englisn Nurses," &c. Dolman. This is a very interesting little story, which is written with great earnestness and eloquence. The author is evidently one who feels deeply, and who possesses skill to describe what he witnesses. May; the heroine, is a fine character; and the many trials and sufferings which were her portion for so long a period were bravely endured with patience and resignation. Her brother is also attractive from his zeal and his unselfishness ; and one of the most impressive passages in the book is that which tells of his fearful shipwreck on the shores of his native land, while his sister stood waiting for him on th shore. The despairing agony of such an event is pictured in a few impressive sentences. It is one of those dark pages of woe that are ever and anon opened before us as we turn the volum e of human life ; and it is therefore peculiarly solemn and striking. The many struggles that the poverty stricken family, hitherto living in luxury, had to anaounter, are vividly described ; and the scenes of Lady Mansfield's life in Italy are also worthy of notice. It will be seen that, while Arthur Tem pleton expresses everywhere his conviction in the efficacy of his own form of belief, that there is no attempt made to render this a controversial book. The author maintains his own opinion in a calm manner, and there is nothing to deter those who think differently from entering into the spirit of the story, and admiring the many great and noble qualities that appear in the personages sketched before us. It is altogether a clevier work, and will doubtless gain the approbation of a large circle of readers. Secret History of the Austrian Government. Com piled from official documents. By Alfred Mi chiels. Chapman and Hall. This volume records the history of the successive Governments of the Austrian Empire since Ferdin and 11. It concerns itself chiefly with the mani festations of religious intolerance which the rulers of this country have systematically displayed for centuries. In his preface the author refers to the sources from which he has drawn his information. This work is, he affirms, " a really secret history of the Austrian Government, its disloyal ambition, its pernicious schemes, and hypocritical violence. " My book does not contain a sentence, or even part of a sentence, which is not supported by proof. The Viennese Cabinet knows this well ; for, as its scribes could not refute me, it chose the clumsy ex pedient of interdicting my work through the en tire monarchy—proving by this stupid mrnceuvre the exactness of my information and the fidelity of my narrative." He observes further on, with re ference to the system of Austrian misgovernment, '" The infamous regime against which Italy con tends was not invented for her, nor is it all peculiar to her. All the Austrian provinces have been suc cessively or simultaneously treated with the same bloodthirsty hypocrisy or implacable stupidity. The outlines of history offer nothing to resemble it ; the madness of the Roman Emperors fades before that of the Hapsburgs." It is in some respects a re markable and useful work, and the sketches it gives of the chief rulers and ministers of the Austrian empire add to its value. Social Innovators and their Schemes. By W. Lucas Sargent, author of " The Science of Social Opulence," &c. Smith and Elder. This is a work well worthy the attention of the social philosopher. It sums up the opinions of the social would-be reformers of late years, Saint Simon, Fourier, Louis Blanc, Proudhon, and Emile de Girardin. It is extremely useful to collect and contrast the schemes of these men, that what goo.l there is in them may be winnowed from the chaff, and that their contradictions may be discovered by comparison and analysis. It is also useful in another point of view, that their rash and dangerous doc trines should be exposed, and that those who would contend with them should know their real strength and weakness. It affords a useful chart of the state of opinion among the social innovators from the days of Saint Simon and the Great Revolution to Louis Blanc in our own time. In his able introduc tion Mr. Sargent traces the ready diffusion of these socialistic schemes in France to the lamentable con dition of the labouring classes. After speaking of the miserable destitution of the burdened peasantry in the days before the outburst of 1789, he says I— " In our time, though the old oppressions are re moved, there is still great destitution. In the country parts the splitting up of the land into eleven million separate estates, the greater part with a few shillings a year of rental, prevents all improve ment, and makes any legal assistance to the poor impossible. In the great towns, the restlessness and immorality of the people make them greedy of every novelty. Thus it is that oppression formerly, and destitution in the present day, have led to the ready reception in France of schemes however monstrous or hopeless. Fourier, and Saint Simon, and Louis Blanc, and Proudhon have found willing disciples for projects which a contented population would have treated with neglect." In the follow ing pages will be found a sketch of the more noted of these schemes : of the new Christianity of Saint Simon, of the phalansteres of Fourier, of the socialism of Lou is Blanc, of the levelling doctrines of Proudhon. Of these authors I think it will be found that Fourier is the most extravagant, Louis Blanc is the most eloquent, Saint Simon is the most scholarly, and Proudhon is the most scholas tic ; Fourier raves, Louis Blanc declaims, Sai n t Simon lectures, and Proudhon wrangles." W e commend this work to the attention of all who interest themselves in a discussion on the principles of political economy, and the social well-being of a neighbouring state. 7lte Sense Denied and . Lost. lip Th omas B u ll, M.D., author of " Hints to Mothers," &c. Long• man. This little work possesses an especial interest, from the melancholy fact that its author, the late able physician, was himself deprived of sight during the last eight years of his life. We are told, in the