The Sun. — London, England, 1859-04-08 00:00:00

THE LONDON.—The attention of Clergymen, Officers, and Professional Gentlemen, is especially drawn, to the advantages offered in these elegant and spa cious Saloons, which fulfil all the requirements of a West cad club of the most aristocratic and exclusive character. F. SAWYER, Proprietor, 191, Fleet-street. THE LONDON.—S AW Y E R'S famous LONDON DINNER, consisting of two soups, two fish, two entrees, joints, two sweets, cheese, and salad, at a fixed charge, of 2s,- od. (attendance, 3d.), is served from Two till Eight in the spacious Saloon. In the Coffee-room, Dinners from thejoint, with vegetables, cheese, and salad, Is. 6d. (attendance ad.), and soup, fish, en trees, &c., a la carte, are served from One till Nine o'clock. Ladies' Private Rooms and Dining Saloons. Spacious and vrell-ventilated Wine, Coffee, and Smoking Saloon. An extensive and carefully selected stock of Rhenish, Mo selle, and other Wines, imported expressly for the London Dinner, Open on Sundays from Four till Nine. F. SAWYER, Proprietor, 191, Fleet-street. THE PATRICIAN. This Establishment is now Open for first-class DINNERS, LUNCHEONS, &c. The PATRICIAN DINNER, in the large Dining-room, at 2s. 6d. comprising Soup, Fish, Entrées ,- Joints, Pastry, Cheese, ttc. The Wines with corresponding economy. In the Coffee-room, Dinners and Refreshments ala carte. Spe cial attention is invited to the numerous Private Apartments for the Patrician Dinner, at ss. The Smoking and Chess room combines comfort and elegance. The lavatories, vesti bules, and spacious entrance, with the general unique arrange ments, ensure an acknowledgment that this noble Mansion is worthy of its title—TllE PATRICIAN. Orders, addressed to J. HOLMES and .CO., The Patrician, New Coventry-street, will have the best attention. N•ll.—Open at Five on Sunday. .1/1 R. ALBERT SMITH'S CHINA, TO-NIGHT, -Au_ at EIGHT, and TO-MOBROW at Three and Eight. Just published, price 6d., " TO CHINA AND BACK.'! By ALBERT SMITII. Forwarded by post from the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, for 7 stamps. ?WE REV. J. M. BELLEW, S . C . L ., w ill give A READING from the WORKS of OLIVER GOLDSMITH, with Incidents in his Life, at ST. MARTIN'S HALL, on WEDNESDAY Evening-, April 13th.—The Rev. J. M. Bellew has undertaken to procure the admission by pur chase into the St. Ann's Society of an Orphan whose Father was unsuccessful in' business, and died in January last, leaving a widow and -ten children totally unprovided for. The profits will be devoted to this purpose. Prices of Admis sion :--Stalls, 4s. ; Centre Area and Balconies, 2s. ; Back Seats, ls. To be had at Mitchell's Royal Library, Old Bond street ;at St. Martin's Hall ; Lo ng - acre ; M r . S ea l e ' s Li brary, Circus-road, St. JOhn's-wood ; and Mrs. Ackerman's, 6, Blenheim-terrace, where plans of the Stalls may be seen. LONDON CRYSTAL PALACE, REGENT CIRCUS, OXFORD-STREET and GREAT PORT LAND-STREET. This magnificent building- is NOW OPEN to the public, for the SALE of all kinds of USEFUL and FANCY ARTICLES. The Photographic Establishment, Aviary, Conservatory, General Refreshment Room, and Ladies' Private Refresh inent,Rooln,with Retiring Room attached, arc replete in their several `departments. ADMISSION FREE. THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, High Holborn, formerly Casino de Venise.—This establish ment, pre-eminently distinguished for the elegance and matchless beauty of its decorations, combined with the per fection of its management, is OPEN every EVENING. The celebrated band, under the direction of Mr. W. M. Packer, plays a nightly varied selection of the most approved classical and modern music. Doors open at half-past 8 ; overture at 9 ; closing at :12 punctually. Admission is. ARGYLL -ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly. These popular and celebrated rooms arc open every evening, with R. R. Bignell's Grand Orchestra, conducted by that great composer, Mons. Antony Lamotte, of Paris. Leader, Charles Hall. Mons. Boulcourt, the celebrated cornet t-piston player, performs nightly, with other talented artistes. Selections from Rigoletto, H Trovatore, La Traviata, Huguenots, Robert le Diable, and the new opera Marth a . Manager, R. It. Bignell. Doors open at half-past 8, close ten minutes before 12. Admission, Is. to Promenade. N.R.—All applications for the above band for Concerts and Balls, to be made to Mr. William Price, treasurer, at the Rooms. - VrAN AND HIS HABITS.—THIS DAY, at Three'and Half-past Eight, Dr. KAHN will deliver Lectures at his unrivalled and Original Museum, 3, Tich borne-street, facing the Haymarket. S YLLARIIS.—IdeaI of Self-love and Social—The Philosophy and Physiology of Marriage —Happy and Unhappy Unions— Whom and when to . Marry—The Great Social Evil, its real C ure — Philanthropists and their Schemes—New Views of Men and Things—Dangers of Youthßocks of Advanced Age— The true Glory of Middle Age—My Memoirs —Much in Little. The Museum is open daily (ror Gentlemen only) from Twelve till Five and from Seyen till Ten. Explanations of the Models every half-hour. Admission One Shilling, in cluding Handbook : to which is appended the SHOALS AND QUICKSANDS OF YOUTII. - By JOSEPH KAHN, M.D., Graduate in Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery, of the Im perial University of Vienna, dc.: free by post for twelve stamps, direct from the Author, 17, Harley-street, Cavendish square. . ALIWIIIRA PALACE -THREE. WEEKS LONGER.—A• BULL FIGHT. A SPANISH BULL FIGHT. This gorgeous pageant, so long in prep ara ti on by Messrit. HOWES and CUSHING, will be produced THIS EVENING, and continue THREE WEEKS longer. The Californian performers having acted as principals in a Bull-fight in America for upwards of one hun dred nights, will undertake the same exploits in Lon don. Not the slightest danger or annoyance need be appre hended by the audience, as the same admirable order and caution will be preserved by the proprietors, which has dis tinguished all their undertakings, and made their establish ment so popular hi England. The regular Equestrian per formances, the same as last week, will be produced in addition to the Bull-fight, which takes place Morning and Evening. The company remain three weeks longer. Two Performances Daily at two and . quarter before Eight p.m. Pit, Is. ; Boxes, 2s. ; Reserved Seats, 35.; Stalls, 55.; Private Boxes, 42 2s. Children under Nine years of age, half-price. Gallery, 6d. EPPS'S COCOA.—Epps, homoeopathic chemist, London.—This excellent preparation, originally pro duced specially for the use of homoeopathic patients, having been adopted by the general public, can now be had of the principal grocers. Each packet is labelled James Epps, homoeopathic chemist, London. ORNAMENTS' for the Drawing-room, Library, and Dining-room, consisting* of a new and elegant assortment of VASES. Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obe lisks, Inkstands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paperweights, &c., in Italian Alabaster, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar. &c. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine ralogist to her Majesty, 149, Strand, London, W.C. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, MINERALS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate the interesting study of MINERALOGY, CONCITOLOGY, and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT, at 149, Strand. HART'S PATENT ECONOMISING GAS BURNER, the great desideratum of the age to all con sumers of Gas. Bytts use the objections to the introduction of Gas into private dwellings are removed, inasmuch as every particle of gas, on reaching. the orifice of the burner, is fairly consumed, and thus the diffusion of those noxious vapours so injurious to health, and destructive to works of art, bindings of books, &c., is entirely prevented. The burner can be fitted by the most inexperienced hand to any chandelier or bracket. May be had at the Depot, 69, Fleet-street, E.C., price Two Shillings each : one sent on receipt of 30 postage stamps. ,• ENFIELD PATENT STARCH, G• USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, AND PRONOUNCED BY HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be • THE FINEST STARCH'STIE EVER USED. WHEN YOU ASK FOR GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, SEE THAT YOU GET IT, As inferior kinds are often substituted. Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers, &c., &c. WOTHERSPOON & CO., GLASGOW AND LONDON. RUPTU RES. -WHITE'S MOC-MAIN PATENT LEVER TRUSS is allowed by upwards of 200 professional gentlemen to be thebest for Hernia. It con sists of a small and elastic pad, to which a lever is attached and (instead of the usual steel spring) a soft bandage, fitting so closely as to avoid detection. A descriptive circular may be had, and the truss forwarded by post, on the circumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the manufacturer, Mr. John White, 228, Piccadilly. Single Truss, 165.. 215., 265. 6d., an d 31 s. 6d . P os t age, i s Doubla ditto , 31s. 6d.. 425., and 525. 6d.—Post-office Orders to John White, Post-office, Piccadilly. Maker of Elastic Stock ings, Knee- a s Knee-caps , p , &c. SURF, • CURE.—LAMBERT'S ASTHMATIC head llAL sAm, without c on fi n i ng t h e b owels or affecting the medicine truly elli cacioum and pleasa n t, i s a d m i tte d to be the best for immediately relieving cougHs, colds, confirmed cases of asthma, and consumption. It frequently cures per sons Whom the faculty pronounce incurable, admirably allays the kung hich provokes frequent coughing. In approach ing consumption its effects are truly beneficial. Persons de prived of sleep, or even lying down for fear of suffocation, ma y depend on relief in a few minutes after taking it. —Pre pared only and sold by W. Lambert, chemist, 20. Jermyn- Haymarket, and by all druggists, in bottles, 134 d., 2 8 ,373 e d t :, and 48. fid. each. Be particular and ask for Lambert's Asthmatic Balsam. The name and address is engraved on the stamp. NEW AND IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN THE SCIENCE OF MEDICINE. Patent Office Seal of Great Britain. Diplome de l'Ecole de Pharmacie Pharmacien de Paris. Inaperial College of Me dicine, Vienna. Erlangen, The Patentee has confided the preparation of these 3ledi eines to a*Physician of the College oTifnsiuvregrseoity of E and Member of the Royal Medical 4tB and ilgiand attends (who is registered under the Nely daily at No. 19, Berners-street,-ssturleleBt)(su,onddaon, be tween the hours of 11 and 2, and cepted), in order to advise Patientson cer th ta e t i n r ty D o i f s n e c a u is e s .a e n x ( - 1 Treatment, and thus add to the speedy TRIESEMAR Nos. 1,2, and 3, prepare(' in the form o f a can lozenge. devoid of t as t e or smell, an waistcoat pocket. Sold in tin cases, ebe carried in t h e divided into separate doses, adapted for both sexes. XssiA ng PRIESEMAR No. 1 is a Remedy a a f i l -1- TION, SPERMATORRHcEA, an consequences arising from early a b use , indiscriminate excesses, r th ß e E di L st A re or too long residence in hot climates. It has restored bodily _ and sexual 'strength and vigour to thousands of' debilitated individuals who are now i n the enjoyment of health and the Functions of Manhood : and whatever may DISQUALIFICATIONS for MARRIAGg they are effenin ally subdued by this Wonderful Discovery TRIESEMAR NO. 11. be the cause for effectually, in the short space of three days, completely and entirely eradicates all traces of Gonorrhoea, both in its mild and aggravated forms, Gleets, Strictures, Irritation of the Bladder, Non-retention of Urine, Pains of the Loins and Kidneys, and those disorders which so often ruin the health of a vast portion of the population. , TRIESEMAR NO. 111. Ss the great Continental Remedy for Syphilis and :Secon dary Symptoms : it constitutes a certain cure for Scurvy, Scrofula, and all Cutaneous Eruptions, removing all impu rities from the vital stream, so as altogether to eradicate the virus of disease, and expel it through the medium of the repos of the ski n and urine, and is a remedy for that class °t disorders which un f ortunately the English Physician : ti e ittfitliowinth Mercury to the dest ruc ti on of the patient's con restore. , and whi c h all the sarsaparilla in the world cannot Price 118., sensttdreiretet from the establishment 19, Berners street, 0 1 8., - any part of the London (free by post ls. Bd. extra, to Uni t e d Kingdom ;or four cases in one for 335., by post as. 2,du. peoxntra), which sav saving of £ 1 128. es lls., and in X. 5 cases, ipt of Post -office Order, payable to Medicus, and a statement of the case, th e M e di c i nes will be sent by return of p ost. To 95, Farring,don-street; Daniel had also of B arc l ay and Sons, C_hurcli, 78, Gracechurch street ; Bartlett Ilooper, 43, lii from London-bridge). ne; William -street (four doors HUMAN FRAILTY • a Medical Work, 'price Is. , Roux Ricord, &e. It gives s, containing the post free, Illustrated with 100 engravin opinions of Valpeau, Lallemand, instructions for the perfect restoration''of those who are vented by impediments from entering into the married state, pre also showing the dreadful results from early abu.e, gonorrh and syphilis, and the benefits arising from the chemical testa and the examination of the spermatoza by the newly-con structed microscope, with powerful lenses.—Sent direct from Paternoater-row, and the Establishment, No. 19, Berners-street, Oxford -street. Sold by J. Allen, 20, Warwick-lane, by all agents for' the sale or "Triesemar.". GREY HAIR RESTORED TO ITS NATURAL COLOUR. _Neuralgill, Nervous Headache, Rheumatism, and Stiff Joints Cu r t:ed . by F. M. HERRING'S PATENT MAGNETIC BRUSHES, 10s. and 15s. Grey Hair and Baldness PREVENTED by F. M. H.'s Patent Preventive Brush. Price 4s. and ss. Offices, 32. Basinghall-street. London, where may be had, gratis, the Illustrated Pamphlet, "Why Hair becomes Grey, and its Remedy." Sold by all Chemists and Perfumers of repute. THORLEY'S FOOD FOR CATTLE.—Every person haring an interest in domestic or farm animals should obtain a supply of this celebrated and economical food, which will prove invaluable during the approaching season. For keeping horses in good condition it is unequal led. Pigs fatten with surprising rapidity upon it, and their flesh increases in flavour and value. Cowkeepers will find great advantage in the increased quantity and improved qua lity of the milk during its use. All animals are benefited by It. A pamphlet on this interesting subject, accompanied by Testimonials from the principal Nobility, Gentry, and Agri culturists, forwarded on application. In casks containing 448 feeds (measures enclosed), price 505., carriage paid to any payvbo Railway lretit: Station in the United Kingdom. Post-office orders J ss o i s m en i l t i a T ti h on o s rl . ey, 77, Newgate-street, London. b 1'1..11 —The public arecautioned against being imposed upon ON MEDICAL GALVANISM IV THE TREATMENT OF NERVOUS DEBILITY, ORGANIC WEAKNESS, &o. Just published, price ls., post free, 13 stamps, s EL P - PRESERVATION A Medical Treatise " NERVOUS DEBILITY and FUNCTIONAL WEAKNESS, more particularly in reference to the INFIR MITIES and DISORDERS of the GENERATIVE SYSTEM; tracing the Origin of these distressing afflictions to causes which vitiate the very fountains of Life and prematurely de stroy the vigour of Manhood. With Practical Observations on tne Cure of these biseases, and on the extraordinary re storative power of LOCAL GALVANISM in Spermatorrlnea, Impotence, and Sterility, in which cases it is applied without pain or danger, and is frequently successful without the aid of medicine. BY SAMITErs,QT,....A.,/yERT, M.D.O ARE, LONDON, ipvietaralt o d p i t c i l itl ic S mi oe g i e e n ti. titc• liety of Apothecaries, 3 L 7 iC ß en E t D ia F te ° o ß f D the London S Honorary Ilerdstered 3 D r oc em to b r er ot of M t e h di e cir on o d f o t n he h y o n s An erroneous impression exists that on these disorders emanate only from unqualified but as the new Medical Act provides that no ne tiled persons, practitioners shall assume any medical title, but registered legally qualified can readily be distinguished —a 4r . that are importance in cases where secrecy, confidence, point 9f f great se II are equally requisite. In the new edition of ' Self-Preservation,' f ads of pars mount utility are brought together—facts appealing t r o ' a t e prudence of all who are suffering from affections which in_ volve the enfeeblement and ultimat e loss of those power; without which man forfeits the dignity of nature, and sinks to the most pitiable depths of physical and moral degradation. In cases where the vital essences have been weakened by the influences of tropical climates, by pernicious habits. indiscri minate excesses, improper diet, hardship, or by iniudicious treatment, the means of cure adopted by the author, in con junction with the application of Local Galvanism, have gene rally been found successful, even in cases where recovery had been pronounced impossible. Published by the Author, price is., or free by post for thir teen stamps, and may be had of Allen, Warwick-lane, Pater noster-row, London ; Westmacott, chemist, Market-street, Manchester ; J, Guest, Bull-street, Birmingham; Baraclough, Fargate, Sheffield ; Rayner, Hig,h-street, Southampton ; W . Lovu, Mnoch-square, Glasgow ; H. Powell, Westmoreland street, Dublin, or from the Author, who may, be consulted daily, from Eleven till Two, and from Six till Eight, at his residegee, 37, Bedford-square, London. No. 20,841. PUBLICATIONS. Now ready, in 2 vols., Bvo, with Portraits, 305., MEMOIRS of the COURT of GEORGE IV. From Original Family Documents. By the Duke of BUCKINGHAM and CHANDOS, K.G. " The country is very much indebted to the Duke of Buckingham for the publication of these" volumes—to our thinking the most valuable of the contributions to recent history which he has yet compiled from his family papers." —John Bull. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. PEOPLE'S EDITION OF THOMAS MOORE'S POEMS. This day is published, Part I. square crown STo., price One Shilling (to be continued monthly), THOMAS MOORE'S POETICAL WORKS. An entirely New Edition, including the Author's Au tobiographical Prefaces, Notes, and other Copyright Addi tions, with a Portrait of the Author. To be completed in Ten Parts, price One Shilling each. *** PART I. contains the whole of LALLA ROOKH complete for ONE SHILLING. London : Longman, Brown, and Co., Paternoster-row. THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, No. CCXXII. Will be published on FRIDAY NEXT. CONTENTS, I. Female Industry. 11. Barth's Discoveries in Africa. 111. Dr. Tench on English Dictionaries. IV. Life and Correspondence of Lord Cornwallis. V. The West Indies. VI. Montenegro. VII. Sir •F. Palgrave's Normandy and England. VIII. Rifled Guns and Modern Tactics. IX. Major Hodson's Life. X. Austria, France and Italy. London : Longman and Co. Edinburgh : A. and C. Black. Octavo, 75., DALEY'S MORAL PHILOSOPHY: with c Annotations by RICHARD WHATELY, D.D., Arch bishop of Dublin. Fourth Edition, enlarged, 10s. 6d., BACON'S ESSAYS : with Annotations by the ARCH BISHOP OF DUBLIN. London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. This Day, Fourth Edition, 45., ENGLISH : PAST AND PRESENT. By R. CHENEVIX TRENCH, D.D., Dean of Westminster. By the same Author, ON THE STUDY OF WORDS. Eighth Edition, 3s. 6d. PROVERBS AND THEIR LESSONS. Fourth Edition, 3s. London : John W. Parker and Son, West Strand. BY THE REV. J. G. WOOD, A.M., F.L.S Price 3s. 6d. each, cloth gilt, or with gilt edges, 45., illustrated by Harrison Weir, Coleman, or Sowerby. MY FEATHERED FRIENDS. ANECDOTES of ANIMAL LIFE. lit and 2d Series. COMMON COUNTRY OBJECTS. ) Plates printed in COMMON SEA-SHORE.° BJECTS. Colours. Also, price 65., cloth gilt.- WOOD'S ILLUSTRATED NATURAL HISTORY. With 450 Designs by Harvey. And, price One Shilling, the 20th Thousand of ROUTLEDGE'S .ILLUSTRATED- NATURAL HIS TORY, with entirely New and Original Designs bflyolt, Harrison Weir, and Coleman. Part I. London: Routledge, Warnes, and Routledge, Farringdon street. KNIGHT'S HALF HOURS WITH THE BEST AUTHORS. In 4 v as., cloth, gilt, 145., or bound in 2 vols., 12s. HALF HOURS with the BEST AUTHORS. Selected and Edited by CHARLES KNIGHT ; with Bio graphical and Critical Notices. This Edition. Illustrated with 16 Steel Portraits and 52 Woodcuts, is also being issuedin Fortnightly Sixpenny Parts. London: Routledge, Warnes, and Routledge, Farringdon street. OXFORD NEW MUSEUM. - SOCIAL SCIENCE.—THE BUILDER of THIS DAY, price Id., stamped 5d., contains :—Fine Views of the University Mu seum, Oxford—Review of Architectural Exhibition—Presen tation of Royal Medal Social Science ; Medical Stumbling blocks—Architectural Association Conversazion e —Colouring Statues—Military Hospitals—The Accepted "Tabernacle' Design—Art Abroad Decisions under Metropolitan Build ing Act—The Citrus Wood—German Railways—The Nilo meter —To Aspiring Volunteers —.Competitions Church building• News—Patents, dc.—Office, 1, York-street, Covent-garden ; and all Booksellers. Just published, Syo, in cloth, price 55., by post free, ss. 6d., THE TREATMENT of STRICTURES of the URETHRA; showing why they so often appear in curable, when in reality they might be removed by the most simple means. By F. B. COURTENAY, M.R C.S.E., _ _ And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure . of Strictures of the Urethra. " This work is the production of a surgeon whose special attention has been directed, through a long professional life, to the treatment of strictures •of the urethra. The cases which Mr. Courtenay has given supply ample evidence of his great discriminative power in the diagnosis of the various kinds of stricture, and of the scientific principles upon which their management is founded. By his systematic manag,ement an immense mitigation of pain to the unhappy sufferers is attained, and future mischief prevented. The work we can most unreservedly and confidently recommend as a valuable contribution, both to the general and professional reader, and ought to be found in the private study of all who are subject to stricture."—Medical Circular, Dec. Ist, 1858. London: H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. ELECTRICAL INFLUENCE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE. Just Published, price ls., free by Post for Fourteen Stamps, ftIECUND LIFE : or ELECTRICAL NERVOUS kJ FORCE ; a MEDICAL WORK, intended for the special perusal of all who are suffering from the various forms of NERVOUS and PHYSICAL DEBILITY, and the distress ing ulterior consequences to which they lead ; with practical Observations on the great Curative power of ELECTRO GALVANISM in the treatment of these Disorders, by infus ing tone and vigour in constitutions relaxed or debilitated from various enervating causes. Illustrated with Cases com piled from the Note-book of a Registered Medical Practi tioner of twenty years' standing. Unlike many vaunted restoratives, Electricity is one which commends itself to the medical man as being accordant with the soundest teachings of physiology. By the most obvious indication it admits of being shown that the Electrical and Nervous energies are identical ; hence, that when the latter fails, the former can take its place, and that when, from irre gularities of any kind, the nervous system has become debili tated, paralysed, or exhausted, and the patient brought to a condition little short of total prostration, then by the action of Electricity, imparting certainty and efficacy to medical treatment, he can be re-invigorated, and his health re-esta blished to a degree almost warranting the designation of SECOND LIFE. Published by Mann, 39 Cornhill, and of all Booksellers. ON SPINAL AND OTHER DEFORMITIES. PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS on the CAUSES and TREATMENT of CURVATURES of the SPINE. Third Edition, price 6s. Just published, Second Edition, price ls. (Id. CASES and OBSERVATIONS illustrative of the beneficial results which may be obtained by close attention and per severance in some of the most unpromising instances of Spinal Deformity, with numerous Engravings. And PACTS and OBSERVATIONS on the PHYSICAL EDU CATION of CHILDREN, especially as regards the Preven tion of Spinal and other Deformities. With Engravings. By SAMUEL HARE, F.R.C.S., "We unhesitatingly commend this work as a truthful and trustworthy statement of the power of scientific surgery and medicine over some of the most grievous hindrances to human activity and industry."—Medical Gazette. "The Author has had much success in his plan of treat ment, and we are of opinion that the principles on which he acts, in the treatment of these 'affections, are correct."— Lancet. "Mr. Hare may take credit to himself for having effected much good in the treatment of the cases described.''—British Medical Journal. "Mr. Hare is, we think, a sound and successful practi tioner."—Medical Circular. London : John Churchill ; and may be had of all booksellers. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, APRIL 8, 1859. HOUSEHOLD WORDS.—The result of an application made this day to the Master of the Rolls, on behalf of Messrs. BRADBURY and Evans, having been an undertaking on the part of Mr. CHARLES DICKENS to alter the statement put forth by himself in reference to " House hold Words," Messrs. BRADBURY and EVANS have to an nounce that it is only Mr. DicKtlkra's editorial connection with that work that is about to cease. March 26, 1859. WHAT are the Wild Waves saying? Keep up your Channel Fleet, and buy your eas of the .East India Tea Company, where sound Tea, Black, Green, or Mixed, can be bought, in 61b bags, at 2s. per lb., and Coffee, in the Berry, at 10d.—Warehouse, 9, Great St. elen's-church yard, Bishopsgate. European law. Placed on this ground it will not confine itself to pointing out .the 'illegal acts of Austria ; it will in its turn invoke European en gagements violated •by Austria, and will demand the execution of the measures necessary to remedy the evils which have been the consequence of that violation. This is its right and its duty. " The Treaty of Vienna made over. to Austria a large part of Italy, nearly quadrupling the.number of her former subjects. In adding to the Duchy of Milan—which belonged to her before the revolu tion—the Valtelline, the possessions of the Pope situated on the • left bank of the Po, and all the States of the Republic of Venice, it has destroyed the equilibrium which existed in the last century. Piedmont, notwithstanding the annexation of Genoa, has no longer bren Pri a state, as formerly, to form a counterpoise to the empire which eom• mands the Po, the Adige, and• the principal rivers of Northern Italy. " Piedmont has thus found herself in presence of a Power reckoning more subjects in Italy than herself, and disposing of forces infinitely more con siderably than hers. " If, however, Austria had kept herself within the limits assigned by treaties, the rest of Italy would have been able to have shared in the progress which has been realised in Europe since the termi nation of the wars of the empire, and to have formed, with Piedmont; an effectual barrier against foreign influence in the peninSula. " But Austria has endeavoured from the first year after the restoration, by every means. in her power, to acquire a preponderating influence over the whole of the peninsula. " By setting herself up as the declared .defender of all the Italian Governments, however bad they might be, and interfering with irresistible forces whenever the people sought to obtain ameliorations and reforms from their own Government, she has succeeded in extending her moral domination far beyond her frontiers. We do not refer to the his tory of the last forty years, for it is too well known, we confine ourselves to pointing out the present ' state of things, caused by the persevering action of Austrian policy in Italy generally. " The Duchies of Parma, Modena, and . Tuicany have become real fiefs of the Austrian. empire. " The domination of Austria over the first two is proved by the Convention of December 24, 1847.* That .Convention, by givinr , her the right to occupy them by her troops not only when the interests of Parma and Modena might call for it, but whenever it might be useful to her own military operations, renders Austria absolute master of all the eastern frontier of Sardinia from the Alps to the Mediter ranean. And let it hot be said that .this is a vain menace and an imaginary danger; for only three years ago, when the Congress of Paris was still echoing with the protestations put forth by Pied mont, arid supported by England, against foreign intervention in Italy, the Austrian troops were seen on a most futile pretext to occupy not only Parma, but the most distant parts of the duchy, and to encamp on the summit of the Appenines, whence they commanded the shore of the sea belonging to Sardinia. " Austria considers herself so much at liberty to do as she. pleases in the States of Parma, that .in contempt of the treaties which only gave her the right to keep a garrison in the citadel of Placentia, she has had constructed and is arming at this moment detached forts outside the enclosure of the city, destined to transform Placentia into a vast entrenched camp, capable of giving shelter to a formidable army. " The bond which attaches Tuscany to Austria, although less apparent, is neither less real nor less strong. It is not known whether a secret treaty exists between the two States; hut what is certain is, that on the one side the Tuscan Government knows that it may at all times and under all cir cumstances rely on the armed support of Austria to keep down her people ; and that, on the other, Austria is certain of - bring able to . occupy Tuscany if by chance a strategical interest should counsel her to do so, " As to the Roman States, the mode of proceed ing adopted by Austria has, been more simple. She has occupied them whenever political disturbances have furnished her with a 'pretext for so doing. Since 1831 she has crossed the Po three times, and placed garrisons in the towns of the Romagna. The last occupation has been more complete than the preceding ones, seeing that it extends as far as An cona, and has lasted for 10 years. Although at this moment the Pontifical Government has demanded the withdrawal of the foreign troops, we d • not think that this measure couldchange the abnormal condition of the States of the Holy Sec. The depar ture of these troops, if not preceded by radical reform in all the branchesof the administration, will leave the field open for revolution. Anarchy . would be substituted for foreign occupation, to again, and necessarily, have recourse to foreign occupation. "Thus the intervention of Austria in this country has been of so -permanent a character that one is authorised in saying that these prbvinces which should have belonged to an independent Sovereign are really under the Austrian domination. " So great an extension of Austrian power in Italy, besides the stipulations of treaties, is a serious danger for Piedmont, and . against which its Go vernment has a right to protest. Austria,absolute mistress of the Po from Pavia ,to the Adriatic, creating on our frontiers a stronghold of the first order, free to occupy when it pleases her the moun tains which shouldserve as ramparts, and menacin g us on all sides, obliges us to maintain our forces on a ruinous footing, and far out of proportion with our financial resources. "It will perhaps be observed that the presence. of the French troops'at Rome neutralises the strength of Austria and diminishes the dangers of Piedmont. Far from it. 'ln a political point of view the occu pation of Rape by France may be of great import ance. In a military point of view it is none, par ticularly with regard to Sardinia. "If in case of an aggression we were to appeal to France for support. the troops which that power has in Provence and at the foot of the Alps would afford us more effectual succour than those which, isolated in Rome, could only act in our behalf by embarking at Civita Vecchia. "We therefore think that the presence of tho French at Rome, which, indeed, we earnestly wish to see put at end to, does not at all diminish the force of the remonstrances which Sardinia raises against the ever-invading policy of Austria. "If Austria, acknowledging these just remon strances, would recognise the absolute independence of the other States of the peninsula, the condition of Central Italy would soon be considerably im proved. The government of these states being no longer sustained by the Austrian armies, would. necessarily be brought to give satisfaction to the legitimate wishes of the people. But in the interest of order and of the principle of authority, and that these inevitable concessions may not be forced from them by disorders and popular movements, it is necessary that the principle of non-intervention by Austria should be proclaimed, and that the Sove• reigns of Central Italy should greatly modify the political system that they have pursued for such a length of time under the protection of foreign bayonets. " The Cabinet of Turin is convinced that all danger of ;revolution would be avoided in the Duchies of Parma and Modena if they possessed institutions similar to those which Piedmont has enjoyed for the last 11 years. " The experience of this country shows that a system, wisely liberal, applied with good faith, may work in Italy in the most satisfactory manner, securing at the same time public tranquillity and the regular development of the civilisation of our age. As to Tuscany, all classes consider necessary the re-establishment of the constitution of 1848, which the Grand Duke swore to, and which was revoked at the very moment when, basing itself on the institutions which it consecrated the Grand Duke was restored to the throne which had been overthrown by a revolutionary movement. " With regard to the Papal States, the Cabinet of Turin cannot but see that the . question presents far greater difficulties. The twofold quality pos sessed by the Pope—that of head of the Roman Catholic Church and that of Temporal Prince — renders almost impossible (in his States) the esta blishment of a constitutional system. He could not consent to it without running the risk of often finding himself in contradiction with himself, and of being constrained to choose between his duties as Pontiff and those of a Constitutional Sovereign. " Nevertheless, whilst acknowledging that the idep, of securing the tranquillity of th e P a p a l States by means of constitutional institutions must be given up, the Cabinet of Turin thinks that the same object might be attained by adopting the pro ject which the Plenipotentiaries of his Majesty the King of Sardinia at the Congress of Paris had developed in the note of the 27th of March ,1856, addressed to the Ministers of France and England. This project, which received the full approbation of Lord Clarendon, reposes on the complete adminis trative separation of the provinces of the Roman States situated between the Adriatic, the Po, and the Appenines, and the development in those pro vinees of the provincial and municipal institutions which 'have been established, if not put in practice, by s he Pope himself on his return from Gaeta. Thi project should now be completed by establish ing at Rome a Consulta, nominated by the provincial councils, to which should be submitted the clues- . tions relating to the general interests of the State: ' 4 The ideas which have just been put forth form a clear and precise answer to the interpellation which the Government of her Britannic Majesty has addressed to the Cabinet of Turin. " By summing them up, it appears that, in our opinion, the danger of a war or • revolution would be warded off, and the Italian question, at least temporarily, solved by the following changes : "By obtaining from Austria—not in virtue of treaties, but in the name of the principles of huma nity and of eternal justice—a national and separate government for Lombardy and Venetia. "By requiring, in conformity with the letter and spirit of the Treaty of Vienna, that the domination of Austria beer the States of Central Italy should cease, and, consequently, that the detached forts constructed outside the walls of Placentia should be destroyed; that the Convention of the 24th of December, 1847, should be annulled ; that the occu pation of 'the Romagna should cease ' • and that the principle of non-intervention should be proclaimed l and respected. "By inviting the Dukes of Modena and Parma to give to their people institutions similar to those existing in Piedmont, and that the Grand Duke of Tuscany should. re-establish the constitution to whiCh he had freely consented in 1848._ "By obtaining from the Sovereign Pontiff the administrative separation of the provinces beyond the Appenines, in conformity with the propositions communicated in 1856 to the Cabinets of London and Paris. _ _ " May England obtain the realisation of these conditions! Italy, relieved and pacified, will bless her; and . Sardinia, who has so often invoked her co-operation and assistance in favour of her-unfor tunate fellow-countrymen, will vow to her an im perishable gratitude." THE NAVY. The Severn, 50-gun sailing frigate, which has been taken into dock at Chatham for the purpose of being converted into a screw steamer, is ordered to be cut asunder and lengthened 50 feet amidships, 18 feet aft, and 23 feet forward. As soon as the alterations ordered have been made to this vessel she will be one of the finest frigates belonging to the British navy. The screw steamer Amphion, 30, has been taken into No. 2 dock at Chatham for the purpose of havini , her defects made good, when she will be attached to the steam reserve. The screw corvette Cadmus, 21, having com pleted her fitments at Chatham dockyard, has been floated out of the second dock and towed to Sheer ness by the African and Adder steamers, and will be attached to the steam reserve at that port. Her Majesty's paddlewheel steam-sloop Ardent, Commander John H. Cave, commissioned Nov. 12, 1857, for service on the west coast of Africa, having sustained considerable damage, has been docked at Woolwich for repairs, and was yesterday paid off, and the officers and crew released from duty. The following ships were yesterday engaged by the War Department for the conveyance of , stores from Woolwich—namely, the Royal Rose, for Colombo ; the Sea Park, for Simon's Town ; the Malabar, for Demerara; and the Hannah Codner, for St. Helena. The Ur , rent screw steam troop-ship, Commander E. W. Hire, arrived at Spithead yesterday, after having conveyed the depot of the 77th Foot from Jersey, and disembarked them at Cowes. It is ex pected she will next proceed to Devonport to load provisions for the fleet in Bantry Bay. The Shannon, 21, screw steam fri(rate at Ports mouth, was yesterday moved out of No. 7 dock, at that port, to the steam basin. The Melpomene, 51, screw steam frigate, was afterwards placed in the same dock for the purpose of having a Kingston valve for the supply of her auxiliary fire engine. The Grasshopper, '2, screw steam gunboat, at Portsmouth, yesterday steamed out of the harbour to try her machinery after her late overhaul and repair, prior to her being placed in the steam reserve. The Bullfinch, 2, screw steam gunboat (tender to the Illustrious), Lieut. J. W. James, was yesterday taken into the steam basin at Portsmouth to have her boilers taken out for examination and repair. The new steam crane on the east wall of the steam basin in Portsmouth Dockyard will undergo its testing trial in the course of a few days. Steam was got up yesterday for the first time. Messrs. Fairbairn, of Manchester, are the contractors. The steam storcship . Rhadamanthiis, withima chinery from Woolwich, arrived at Devonport on Monday. She takes jurymasts and gear to Pem broke for the Revenge, appointed to be launched to-morrow. The gunboat Hind, with stores saved from the wreck of the Czar, arrived at Plymouth on Friday, andaeturned to Falmouth on Monday. The steam tender Avon, Second Master J. Pal mer, from Scilly and Penzance; arrived at Plymouth on Wednesday with boys for the service. The steam tender Advice, from Queenstown, ar rived at Plymouth on Wednesday. The gunboat Forward made a trial trip outside Plymouth sound on Wednesday. , The screw steamship Nile, Captain A. P. E. Wilmot, was taken out of the basin at Keyham, • Plymouth, on Wednesday. Yt .been found necessary to take out the boilers of the screw steamship James Watt, 91,. Captain E. Codd, under repair at Keyham. The screw steam frigate Topaz, at Devonport, was taken to the new north jetty on Tuesday, to give place to the screw steamship Algiers, 91, Capt. D. O'Callaghan, which is to be docked on arrival. The new screw steam frigate Forte, 51 guns, of 400 horse power (nominal), left Sheerness on Tues day on a final trial of her engines. In six tithes running the measured mile in the Swin she ave raged 111 knots; she made from 58 to 60 revolu tions, with a vacuum of 251 b. and 201 b. steam pres sure. After running for a trial of speed she pro ceeded towards Harwich, and returned to her moor ings at 530 p.m. The authorities, on the part of the Admiralty and Engineer Department, ex pressed themselves highly satisfied with the work ing of the engines. A letter received at Plymouth, written from the screw steamship Casar. 90, Captain C. Frederick, dated off Greytown, March 3, states that all on board were healthy. For nearly three months they had not started " tack or sheet," and there were no signs of moving from the place. Some of the officers had not been over the ship's side for several weeks. In consequence of the increasing shallowness of the harbour, which prevents the Omar from entering, it has been suggested that vessels of lighter draught such as gunboats, might be employed more advan tageously on this duty. Letters received at Plymouth, written from the screw steamship Orion, 91, Capt. W. Houston, dated Gibraltar, March 27, state that they, with the screw steamship Victor Emmanuel, 9, Capt. J. Wilcox, were awaiting orders. They do not expect to be sent further up the Mediterranean. It is reported among naval officers at Plymouth that the Diadem and Caesar will be ordered home from the West Indies, and the Orion and Victor Emmanuel from the Mediterranean, for the purpose of attending the approaching naval review at Spit head. • Lieutenant A. G. E. Murray has been appointed to the Jackal, and Lieutenant S. F. Studdart to the Excellent. THE ITALIAN QUESTION. MEMORANDUM PRESENTED BY THE SARDINIAN GOVERNMENT TO TIIAT OF HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY ON THE CONDITION OF. ITALY. , We are enabled to place before our readers the following interesting official document, dated Turin, March 1, 1859 : " The Government of her Britannic Majesty, ani mated with a kind solicitude for the fate of Italy, with the object of removing the causes which may lead to serious perturbations in Europe, has requested the Government of the King of Sar dinia to make known what, in its opinion, are the complaints which the Italians have to bring for ward against Austria, either on account of her do mination over the provinces which she possesses in virtue of treaties, or in consequence of her rela tions with the States of Central Italy, the abnormal condition of which is admitted by all the Cabinets of Europe. "In order to respond to this appeal in a clear and precise manner, the Cabinet of Turin think it ne cessary to treat separately the two questions which are addressed to it by explaining itself in the first place on the condition of. Lombardy and Venetia, and afterwards on the results of Austrian policy with regard to Central Italy. " Whatever may have been the results of the cession in 1814 of the Lombardo-Venetian States to Austria, it cannot be disputed that their posses sion by that power is conformable to treaties; but in those treaties the fate of the people thus dis posed of is little regarded. We shall not therefore in consequence have raised a question which cannot be solved without a modification of existing treaties if the British Government had not requested us to communicate to it all our ideas on this as well as on other points. "We admit that the domination of Austria over the countries situated between the Ticino, the Po, and the Adriatic is therefore legal, but that does not prevent it from having produced the most deplorable 'consequences, and led to a state of things which has no analogy in modern history. " It is a fact that Austrian domination inspires a feeling of the most invincible repugnance in the minds of the immense majority of the Italian people who are subjected' to it ; and also that the only feeling which they entertain towards the Govern. ment is that of antipathy and hatred. "From what does this proceed ? The Austrian mode of governing has doubtless contributed to it. Her bureaucratic pedantry—the vexatious conduct of her police—the overwhelming taxes which she has established—her system of recruitment, which is more severe than any other in Europe—and her rigours and her violence, even against females— have exercised the most disastrous effects on her Italian subjects. This, however, is not the prin. cipal cause of the evils which have often been pointed out. " History furnishes us with many examples of Governments which are worse than that of Austria, but less universally detested. "The true cause of the deep discontent of the Lombardo-Venetians is that of being ruled and domineered over by foreigners, by a nation with which they have no analogy either of race, of habits, tastes, or language. "In proportion as the Austrian Government has , applied in a more complete manner the system of administrative centralisation those feelings have increased. Now that this system has attained its extreme point—that centralisation has be come more absolute than even in France—now that all local action has become extinct, the hum blest citizen finds himself brought into,.contact for the slightest reasons with public functionaries whom he neither likes nor respects, and the feeling of repugnance and antipathy towards the Govern ment has become universal. " The progress of intelligence and the diffusion of instruction, which Austria cannot entirely prevent have contributed to render them more sensible to their sad fate. The Milanese and the Venetians who return to their native land after having visited countries which enjoy a national Government feel more acutely than before the humiliation and the weight of the foreign yoke. " During a certain time the firm and indepen- dent conduct of the Austrian Government towards the Court of Rome tempered the disastrous effect of foreign domination. The Lombardo•Venetians felt released from the rule which the Church exercised in other parts of the Italian peninsula over the actions of civil life, and even in the sanctuary of families. This was for them a compensation, to which they attached the highest value. " This has been taken from thet'n by the last Concordat, which, as is notoriously well known, secured to the clergy a greater influence and more ample privileges than in any other country, even in Italy, with the exception of the Papal States. "The destruction of the wise principles introduced into the relations of the State with the Church by Maria Theresa and Joseph 11. has caused the complete loss of the moral force of the Austrian Government in the minds of the Italians. " In consequence of the causes thus pointed out, the Lombardo-Venetian provinces present the most melancholy spectacle, and one which, as already observed, has no analogy in history. It is that of a whole nation which has assumed towards those whogovern it an attitude openly hostile, and which neither threats nor caresses can put down or alleviate. " It is only sufficient to go through Lombardy and Venetia 'to acquire the conviction that the Austrians are not established but simply encamped in those provinces. All houses, from the humblest cottage to the .most sumptuous palace, are closed against the agents of the Government. In the public places, the theatres, the Wes, and in the streets, there is a complete line of separation be tween them and the native inhabitants, and any one would say.that it was a country invaded by an enemy's army, rendered the more odious by its In solence and arrogance. This state of things ig not a transitory fact produced by exceptional circum stances, and the , more or less distant end to which can be predicted. It has endured and gone on aggravating for the last half century, and it is cer tain that if the civilising influence of Europe does not put a stop to it, the attitude of the people towards the Government will grow worse and worse " Such a state of things is not contrary to treaties as has been above declared, but it is contray to the great principles of equity and justice on which social order reposes ; it is in opposition to the pre cept which modern civilisation proclaims—that there is no government legitimate except that which the people accept, if not with gratitude, at least with resignation. " If we are now asked what remedy diplomacy can apply to such a state of things, we shall frankly reply, that if Austria cannot be induced to modify treaties, no definitive and feasible solution can be come to ; it • will be necessary to put up with any palliatives. Europe must resign herself to witness impassably the painful spectacle which Lombardy and Venetia presents, until revolution—which is constantly smouldering in those countries—avail ing itselt of favourable circumstances, shall vio lently break a yoke which eonquest and war have imposed on them. "This spectacle would, however, become less afflicting, and the state of the Lombardo-Vene tians more tolerable, if Austria would show her self faithful to the promises which she made to the Italians when in 1814, she excited them to rise against French domination, ,and if, in con formity with the proclamation of the commander in-chief of her armies, General Bellegarde, she were to establish beyond the Alps, if not a go vernment, at least an administration, entirely national, with a national army quartered in Italy and commanded by Italian officers, and institutions on the representative principle. This would be a palliative which would inspire a feeling of paticnce in the minds of people accustomed to suffer, and remove to a distance the dangers which now so justly excite the attention of public opinion in Europe. " Diplomacy, in recommending to the Cabinet of Vienna to follow the path which has been pointed Out, will permit a prudent and meritorious act, although we can scarcely hope that the results pro posed will be obtained. The experience 0f45 years has but too clearly. shown that Austria only relies o i nher for ce to maintain her domination in Italy. " Passing to the second question, viz., the effects of Austrian policy on Central Italy, the King's Government will confine itself within the circle traced out in diplomacy by treaties And public • See Blue Bo* of 1818 on the affairs of Italy. THE ARMY. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, as General C o mmanding-in-Chief, held a levee yester day at the Horse Guards, which was very nume rously attended. Colonel Second Commandant A. Anderson, of the Portsmouth Division of Royal Marines, has assumed the command of the garrison of Gosport, during the absence on leave of Colonel Hurdle, commandant C. 8., Aide-de-Camp to the Queen. The Royal Marines are ordered to receive volun teers from all militia regiments. Mr. F.' A. Abel, the chemist to the War Depart ment., has been engaged at Chatham in making some further experiments for the purpose of demon strating the manner in which charges of gunpowder may be fired by means of magnetic •agency. The experiments took place at St. Mary's Creek, ad joining the practising ground of the Royal Engi neers, where several charges of powder were fired by the new agency discovered by Mr. Abel, which is likely to supersede the voltaic battery at present used for submarine and other explosions. The South -Eastern Railway Company have made rapid progress in markin out and forwarding the works recently comm e nce under contract with the War Department for the formation of the junction railway from WoOlwich Arsenal to their main line, for the speedy transport of guns and war stores to the coast stations. Embankments have been levelled, excrescent buildings razed, and bridges commenced, PRICE 4D . STAMPED, SD. so as to make the transit available with the greatest possible expedition. The Royal gun factories yes ter4ay engaged 70 extra hands, and the Royal Car riage Department operatives are daily engaged over hours in the preparation and fitment of guns and other war stores for the coast defences and our foreign possessions. A couple of sample gun car riages and slides are, in course of construction in the Royal Carriage Department on a: perfectly new principle, from designs submitted to Col. Tulloh, the superintendent, by Sir Wm. Armstrong, C. 8., Government engineer for rifled ordnance. One of the carriages is intended for a 40-pounder Arm strong siege gun, for land service, and the other to work a 32-pounder ship's gun. The slope of the carriage for the reception of the gun is on an accli vity of 22 deg., which will considerably counteract the heavy recoil usually experienced with so much , inconvenience, especially on board ship, where in sundry instances it has been expedient to erect an exterior scaffolding for the purpose of loadin and cleaning out the gun, so as to afford space for the re coil under the confined dimensions of a ship's decks. The breech -loading principle, together with the improved gun carriage, it is suggested, will obviate the abovenamed inconvenience. • THE NAVIES OF ENGLAND AND FRA NCE. A . valuable report of the committee appOinted by the Treasury to inquire into the navy estimates from 1852 to 1858, and into the comparative state of the navies of England and France, has just been issued. It is stated in the minute of. Dee. 1, 1:8,50,` that the attention • of the cabinet had been drawn to the serious increase .which had taken • place of late years in the navy estimates, while at the same time it was represented that the naval force of the country Was far inferior to what it ought to be with reference to that of other Powers, and especially of France, and that increased efforts and increased expenditure were imperatively called for to place it on a proper footing ; and it was in consequence of these statements that the committee was appointed. It appears from the report that the total amount voted for the navy for the year 1852 was £5,835,588; and in 1858 the amount was £8,851,371, showing an increase of £3,015,783, or 51 per cent. on the votes of 1852. The increase arose mainly from thq excess of the sea wages; victuals, artificers, stores, new works and transport of troops, under which heads the increase over 1852 is put down at £2,752,285. The number of men and boys in 1R52 w7..s 40,761, including marines ; and in 1858 the number was 55,580, exclusive of 3,880 coastguard men employed on shore.. Of this increase 9,162 men were sent to the East Indies. The increase on the. other stations is stated to arise principally from line-of-battle ships having been substituted as flag ships for frigates. In 1852 the average pay of all ranks in the navy was, per man, £39 14s. 81 per annum, and in 1858, £43 3s. ; and the report shows that this increase of pay and the wages on the additional number employed in 1858 amounted to £837,044. The victualling of the navy in 1852 was £544,507 ; and in 1858 it was £1,027,357 ; an excess of £482,850, or 881 per cent. Various other items of increase are shown, amongst which is that under the head of " establishments at home." This item in 1852 was £132,647, and in 1858 was £151,634. The cause of this increase is the larger number of officers requisite in the dock yards, victualling, medical, and other establish ments, to superintend the additional men employed. The cost of-artificers at home in 1852 was £666,929, and in 1858 it was £966,921 ; giving an increase of 45 per cent. The naval stores for 1852 arc set down at £882,495, and for 18.58 at £1,389,742; an in- 1 crease of 571 per cent. In the year 1852 the navy possessed horse-power to the extent of 44,482 • in the last six years it:has been more than doubled, amounting now to 99,512 ; the number of steam ships has increased from 177 in 1852 to 464 in 1858 ; the tonnage from 182,562 to 457,881, and the guns from 3,045 to 8,246. The report states —" An increased ratio in the cost of maintenance appears to apply to smaller vessels. Every addi tional ship, therefore, brought into commission in consequence of the vote which increases the num ber of seamen in the navy may be taken as entail ing an Annual charge varying from 81 to 91- per cent. on its original cost, which is expended in the purchase of stores and wages of artificers for main taining it, thereby rendering necessary both an in crease in the quantity of stores and number of artificers. It is stated by the surveyor of the navy that at the end of 15 years, on an average, the hull of each ship requires a complete and expensive repair; that the duration of a ship cannot be esti mated at more than 30 years; that during the last 10 years 35 ships of the line and 46 frigates have been removed from the effective list of the navy ; and that on an average three line-of-battle ships ought to be produced every year merely to main tain the navy on a proper footing as respects line of-battle ships. The surveyor o the navy state: that the present force in the dockyards, which com prises 4,000 shipwrights and apprentices, is not more than sufficient to build three line-of-battle ships, three frigates, and six sloops per annum, besides o.l:muting the necessary repairs to all Lie ships in the navy. If, therefore, the naval supre macy of Great Britain is to be maintained, it is impossible to deny that a large force of artificers, and a large quantity of stores, materials, &c., must be kept up in our dockyards." The report further proceeds to set forth that " in the year 1851 the expenditure for steam engines did not amount to -£103,000. In 1852 it exceeded £200,000 ; in the last six years £3,423,021 has been expended, giving an average of £570,503 a year. The money votes in the six years from 1852 to 1858 for labour, timber, and stores, for the purposes o building and converting ships, and keeping the navy in repair, exclusive of the purchase of steam engines and coal, and building vessels by contract, amounted to £14,105,096; the amount provided during the late war for building gun-boats and floating batteries, and other vessels was £1,633,147, but a sum exceeding £3,000,000 was actually expended. The whole sum expended between 1852 and 1858, and voted in the latter year for labour, including superintendence and ma terials, but not including ordnance, amounts, it will be seen, to about £24,000,000. The concluding part of the report is devoted to an elaborate comparison between the navies of this country and France. The committee premise that although they arc enabled to obtain tolerably accu rate information as to the numbers, tonnage, and so on of the ships in the French navy, that it is impos sible to ascertain their real condition and efficiency at sea. The number of line-of-battle ships absolutely corriplete is the same, 29 in botheases ; 21, however, are in process of construction in this country, while France possesses only 11 in this condition. England, has 26 frigates complete and 8 in process of con struction. France has 34 and 12 in process of con struction ; 17 of the complete English frigates arc, however, screws, while only 15 belong to this class in France. France, again, has four iron-plated ships building, while this country has none. It is stated that these iron-sided ships, of which two are more than half completed, will be substituted for line-Of-battle ships ; their timbers are of the scant ling of a three-decker ; they are to have 36 heavy guns, most of them rifled 50-pounders, which will throw an 801 b hollow percussion shot ; they will be cased with iron ; and so convinced do naval men seem to be in France of the irresistible qualities of those ships, that they are of opinion no more ships of the line will be laid down, and that in ten years that class of vessels will have become obsolete. In 1852 the horse-power of the engines belonging to the English navy was 44,482; to the French navy, 27,210, Since that year England and France have advanced pan/ passe in the increase of the horse power of their steam navies, and consequently Eng land has not at present the same relative superiority over France she then possessed. The additions, also, made to the horse-powers of the two navies, has been in France principally with the larger class of vessels, in England with the smaller. As regards sailing vessels, England has 35 line-of-battle ships, of which six are proposed to be converted into steam ships. France, .10, of which only two are con vertible ; England has 70 frigates (of which 27 only are reported by the surveyor as effective sailing ships), France, 32, .of which it is supposed that 9 or 10 will be converted into steam transports, the remainder being too old for conversion ; there are in both countries several other vessels which, being too small for 'conversion, it is not necessary to notice. The total number in the two sailing naviesis, England, 296 ; France, 144 . The expensehas o rbethe French navy for the 'last seven ,Ter en £38,935,384, that for England , . X3O, ‘9,458 6 The present dockyard area of t he two countries is al most.the same, 866,acres in England, 865 in France. The committee, in conclusion, say— . • " We beg also to direct your lordships' attention to the prospective outlay contemplated by F rance to complete her steam navy and her naval establish ments. g, According to areport of the Minister of Marine, prefixed to the French navy estimates for 1859, it appears, that it is intended to raise the French steani navy to 150 vessels of war of various classes, built after the best models, with engines of full T, • f%; i , ',\VS PAP IN ji :Yccrlie nto 72 steam t dto complete ilding, in the seyk !I . ports, if_the d, - 11 fa; xy docksan.l Actories the reauirementg of the new o*in fleet. Theyr pense of these works is to be spread over the poiodVf froth 1859 to 1871. " The money to be apropriat \ 2l.e to these ivtiikl-" is.also stated . in the Minister's__report. He prbPoes that. the annual grants for labour, materials, arma ment, new works, and repairs, up to the year 1871, .1.. shall be. raised to the sum of £2,600,000 ; he - esti-H ., . mates - that £1,920,000 of this gum will 'be absoebed in the annual consumption of the steam navy, works-of-maintenance, and: the renewal, of existing inaterhols ' leaving the annual average sum of £680,000 for the increase of the fleet and the ex tension of the naval establishments. The sum which - France intends to devote to the latter purposes up to 1871, when- the fleet will have 'reachedithe limit of its. proposed . extension, amounts, therefore, to. £8,840,000. • " The proposed annual grantOf.£2,6oo,ooo would amount, in 13 years, to £33,800,000. Ma,intenance and renewal will absorb nearly three-feurths of this sum, leaving the above sum of £8,840,000, or rather More than one-fourth, to be devoted to the increase of her strength in ships and naval establish/limits. "The sum granted in England by Parliament in the year 1858-39 for the same services in the navy estimates, including £757,000 for naval ordnance and ammunition provided for in the army estimates, amounted to £3,754,000, being .£1,154,000 in excess of the increased annual grants proposed by France for the next 13 years. Before we can ascertain how much of this slim, or of any smallerstim;ean be COTl sidered applicable to the increase of our steam ziqvy and RaVal establishments, it will be necessary to fix the strength of the fleet to be maintained in com mission, to the - larger - the number of ships in com mission, the larger must be • the sum for- mainte nance, outfit, an, repairs ; and, consequently, the smaller will be the,margin available.for the increase of our existing ferce.. France founds her calcula tions upon a return to her peace establishment of 1852, the number of her ships in commission for 1859 being 152, against 175 in the year 1852 ; and the number of seamen afloat being 25,784 against 25,016 in 1,852. Our position is very different., On the Ist a December, 1858, our ships in,.commission. and their -complements, as compared with . 1852, were as follews Ships. Guns. Complonentn, Dec. 1, 1858 .. 267 .. 4,649 .. 47,953 Dec. 1, 1852 . . 203 .. 3,584 .. 36,372 Increase . . 64 . . 1,065 . • 11,581 • "This number is exclusive of a further increase of 3,302 marines on shore, including 1,800 employed. on shore in China, also of 3,880 seamen employed in the coastguard on shore; making a total increase in 1858, as compared with 1852, of 18,763 scamrn and marines. " It is clear, therefore, that although the sums voted on our navy estimates for labour and mate rials are greater than those expended in France, a much smaller proportionate surplus is available for building new ships. " It is desirable to refer to a programme of engi neering works which has been laid before us, in which it is estimated that to complete the new works considered necessary in the Neveral naval establishments a sum of £1,3M.000 wil be required. This sum, if spread over six years, will render it necessary to provide annually £50,000, to cover the cost of new works, alterations, re-constructions, and ordinary repairs. The amount voted for 1858-59 for new works, improvement, and repairs, was £585,86. " The progress which France has made and may hereafter make in the formation of a steam navy is a consideration which cannot be overlooked in de- . termining the amount of our future naval expendi ture." It appears from the appendix to the report that the number of seamen and marines voted in 1852 was 41,166, and the expenditure .-C6,527,811. The number voted in 1853 was 45,500, and the expen- diture £7,1'97,804. The number voted in 1854 way 63,500, and the expenditure £15,017,591. The number voted in 1855 was 70,000, and the expen diture £19,590,833. The number Toted in 1856 was 61,000, and the expenditure £14,664,514. • The number voted in 1857 was 55,200, and the cx penditure £9,962,839. The number voted in 1858 was 55,500, with the addition of 3,880 coast-guards on shore, and the estimated amount of expenditure was £9,839,589; but the actual expenditure is_ stated to be " not complete." The excess of expen diture over grants in 1853 was £77,099; in 1854 it was £204,982, £211,820 in 1855, and £133,383 in 1857. The surplus of grants over expenditure was £177,935 in 1852, and £1,904,100 in 1856. The number of ships employed on the Ist of December, 1852, was 203, the guns 3,584, and the men 41,163 ; • while the number of ships in 1858 was .?,67, the . guns 4,649, and the men 56.048. A foot note to the report states—" It has been considered right to ' omit from this report various passages founded on eopfidential reports and communications made to the Government. The statements respecting the French navy have been derived from authentic ' sources." LONDON AND EASTERN 'RANA - INV CORPORA TION. " An Unfortunate Creditor" of the London and Eastern Banking Corporation, makes the following complaint with regard to the position of the cre ditors of that establishment. As the bank was •• formed under the old law of unlimited liability ,'it. affords a fine example of the value of the " security" • • imparted by that system : " Sir,—lt is now two years since the London and F t astcrn Bank stopped. A large Indian bank tried to mitigate the matter by stepping in and taking the liquidation into its hands. A new law was then brought into operation, by which the liquidation was transferred to Chancery. Feeble. attempts were made by thedespairing creditors to get some thing from the wreck by appealing to Bankruptcy, but relief was not to be got this way. After all the • time that has elapsed, we have now protection of Chancery,' two official managers,' one creditors' representative,' Court of Bankruptcy,' &c., and all shielding the shareholders. As is natural wherever there are Chancery proceedings, every one has gone t• sleep. Creditors not only cannot take any legal steps against their debtors, b,ut are unable to hear anything that is going on, and not a sixpence Seems fdrthcoming. Is this law ? Is this justice ? The whole debts of the corporation do not, I believe, exceed .£1.50,000, and apparently not a step is taken to draw the amount front a fairly wealthy proprietary ; or, if any money is wrung from them, who gets it ?" . , PROBABILITY OF MARIIYING.—A table inserted in a parer in the . AssNranee Mago:ine exhibits results of a ' rather startling character. In ;the first two quinquennial • periods, 20-25 and 25-30, the probability of a widower marrying in a year is nearly three times as great as that of a • • bachelor. At 30 it is nearly four times as great; from 30 to 45 it is five times as great ; and it increases, until at 60 the chance of a widower marrying in a year is 11 tunes ais great as that of a bachelor. It is curious to remark, from this table, how confirmed either clas s b e c omes i n it s condi tion in life—how little likely, after a few years, is a bachelor to break through his settled habits and solitary condition ; and, on the other hand, how readily in proportion - does a husband contract a second marriage who has been deprived prematurely of his first partner. After the age of 30, the probability of a bachelor marrying in a year diminishes in a most rapid ratio. The probability at 35 is not much niore than half that at 30, and nearly the same proportion exists between each quinquennial period afterwards. [A AVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.— • looping Cough.—This harassing disease ; now very pro valent, and largely swelling the bills of mortality, is sure te extend its dominion, for its contagiousness contaminates all children previously unaffected. Fortunately for hu manity, this alarming disorder is now fully placed under cbntrol by Holloway's Ointment, which allays the nervous irritability and checks the disease. Children of all ages and constitutions are daily saved by rubbing this ointment: on the spine and chest; its virtues penetiatee the skin, enter the blood, repress irritation, prevent inflammation, and moderate the cough, whose paroxysms they ere long subdue. If old enough, the little patient should take Holloway's Pills, to avert future pulmonary danger. Both, ' used simultaneously, soon quell the severest coughing fits: • [Ain't RTISF.MENT.] SIGHT AND HEARING. SPEC; TACLES.—POWERFUL TELiSCOPES.—OPERA, RACE, AND PERSPECTIVE GLASSES.—Messrs. S. and B. Solonions, opticians, 39, Albermarle-Street, Piccadilly. Observe-,- opposite the York Hotel, W.—Opera, Race-coma . 1 and general Out-door Day and Night Perspective til, c s l s t es, very small, for the waistcoat pocket, each containing 12 Rd 18 lenses, constructed of German glass. Will show dis tinctly a person to know them at t w o-and-a -half and three miles, and an object from eight to ten miles distant. Her Majesty's Coast Guards are making use of them as dayand night glasses in preference to all others; they are also pre ferret' for deer-stalking by sportsmen, gentlemen, and gamekeepers. Telescopes 3f inches long, by which a per eneio;oanns,d wSiiittlhirnan'sexritnrgast:stanrod son may be clearly seen and known at 3f• miles' and an object at 12 to 14 mil Jupiter i d t i e s r t , an s seen. All the above can be. . had of termer and all sizes, with increasing powers, and uro Royal Letters Patent. n t 17e mcal double er starse- Pieye-piece, e distinctly The secure d ltoyal Exhibition, by her iaj e ll s . A valuable, -newly nventee, very small, powerful Waistcoat-pocket Glass, the size of a walnut., by' which a: person can be • seen a nd known one and a half mile distant. They answer ever y purpose on the. Race-course and .at the Opera • h o uses. Country scenery and ships are clearly seen at four to six miles. They arc invaluable for shoetik":, deer-stalking, yachting, to sportsmen, gentlemen, seine keepers, and tourists. Price 30e.—Spectacle Lenses of the greatest transparent power. The great advantage derived from this invention is, that vision becoming impaired is preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to employ theirsight at the most minute occupation —can see with those lenses of a much less magnifying power, and they do not require the frequent changes to the daiigerens effects of further powerful assistance. Persona can be suited at the most remote part of the world by send ing one of the glasses out of their spectacles in a letter, and stating the distance , from the , eyes they can read small print with it, and those who have not made use of_ spectacles by statingtheirage, Deafness.—New Diecovery.- - The Organic Vibrator, an extraordinarily powerful small newly-invented instrument for Deafness, entirely different from all others, surpasses anything of the kind that has been, or probably ever can be, produced. Being of the same colour as the skin, is not perceptible. It enables deaf persons to heat distinctlyat church and at public assemblies; the unple• e si sant sensation of singing noises in the ears is e nt , ire/y o moved, and it affords all the assistance that 131)11C:--- d be desired.-39, Albemarle-street. Piccadilly. opposite the York Hotel, W. 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