The Sun. — London, England, 1858-04-02 00:00:00

thirb 121)ttion SUN OFFICE, Seven o'clock, LONDON, GAZETTE.—(This Evening.) ST. JAMES'S PALACE, APRIL 1. The Queen has been pleased to appoint Edward Stanley, E s q., F.R.S., to be Surgeon-Extraordinary to her Majesty. ST. JAMES'S PALACE, APRIL 1. The Queen has been pleased to appoint James Paget, Zsg., F.H.S., to be Surgeon-Extraordinary to her Majesty. - - WA R -OFFICE , APRIL 1. The Queen has been graciously pleased to give orders for the appointment of Frederick Weymouth Gibbs, Esq., Preceptor t,> his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, to be an Ordinary Member of the Civil Division of the Third Class, or Companion of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath. FOREIGN-OFFICE, MARCH 24. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Gre goria Luigi Marc, Esq., to be her Majesty's Consul for the bland of Samos. FOREIGN-OFFICE, MARCH 31. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Sir John Fiennes Crampton. K.C.8., now her Majesty's En voy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the King of Hanover, to be her Majesty's Envoy Extraordi nary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of all the Rnssias. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint Andrew Buchanan, Esq., C.B. now 'her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the King of Denmark, to be her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Queen of Spain. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint George John Robert Gordon, Esq., now her Majesty's Mi nister Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation, to be her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo tentiary to the King of Hanover. The Queen bas also been graciously pleased to appoint Captain the Hon. Edward Alfred John Harris, R.N. late her Majesty's Charge d'Affaires to the Republic of Chile, to be her Majesty's Minister Plenipotentiary to the Swiss Confederation. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint the Hon. Henry George Howard, now Secretary to her Majesty's Embassy at Paris, to be her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary tb the Grand Duke of Tuscany. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint the Hon. Henry George Elliot, now Secretary to her Ma jesty's Legation at Vienna, to be her Majesty's Envoy Ex trordinary and 'Minister Plenipotentiary to the King of Denmark. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint Lord Augustus W. F. S. Loftus, now Secretary to her Ma jesty's Legation at Berlin, to be her Majesty's Envoy Ex traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Emporor of Austria. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint Viscount Chelsea to be Secretary to her Majesty's Embassy at Paris. FOREIGN-OFFICE, APRIL 1. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Fre derick Doveton Orme, Esq., now Secretary to her Ma j.sty's Legation at Copenhagen, to be her Majesty's Charge d'A ftairs and Consul-General to the Republic of Bolivia. The Queen has also been 'graciously pleased to appoint the Honourable Julian Henry Charles Fane, now Secre tary to her Majesty's Legation at St. Petersburg, to be Secretary to her Majesty's Legation at Vienna. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint William Lowther, Esq., Secretary to her Majesty's late Legation at Naples, to be Secretary to her Majesty's Lega tion at St. Petersburg. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint Augustus Berkeley Paget, Esq., now Secretary to her Majesty's Legation at Lisbon, to be Secretary to her Ma jesty's Legation at Berlin. The Queen has ale -, been graciOusly pleased to appoint Edward Herries, Esq., now Secretary to her Majesty's Legation at Berne, to be Secretary to her Majesty's Lega tion at Lisben. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint Joseph Hume Burnley, Esq., now First Paid Attache to her Majesty's Legation at St. Petersburgh, to be Secratary to her Majesty's Legation at Berne. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint - William Campbell Manley, Esq., now Paid Attache to her Majesty's Legation at Athens, to be Secretary to her Ma jesty's Legation at Copenhagen. NOTICE. FOREIGN OFFICE, MARCH 31. A despatch has been received by the Earl of Malmes bury, her Majesty's Secretary of Stata for Foreign Affairs, from Earl Cowley, her Majesty's Ambassador at Paris, stating that the competent authorities will be authorised for the future, as heretofore, to furnish to British subjects, resident in France, passports to travel in the interior of the French territories ; and also in cases of urgent neces sity to grant passports to British subjects to retut n to Eng land. COMMISSIONS SIGNED BY LORDS LIEUTENANT. North Somerset Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry— William Melliar Foster-Melliar, Gent., to be Cornet, vice Smith, promoted. East Kent Regiment of Militia—Hamilton Campbell, Gill, Gent., late West Essex Militia, to be Ensign, vice Knatchbull, promoted ; Samuel Lang, Gent., to be Ensign, vice Bury, resigned. Royal Lancashire Militia Artillery Regiment—Francis Maurice Drummond Davies, Gent., to be Second Lieu tenant, vice Williams, appointed to the sth Regiment of Foot. 34 Regiment of Royal Surrey Militia--Henry Chandos Rivers, Gent., to be Ensign. Northamptonshire Militia—Richard Carr, Gent., to be Ensign. [The following Appointment is substituted for that which appeared in the Gazette of 26th of March last.] Northamptonshire Militia►—William Croome, Gent., to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Hampden Henley Maclean, re signed. NAVAL PRIZE MONEY. Dopertmont of 1010 Aocounkani-aonor.l of the Navy, Admiralty, Somerset-House, April 1, 1858. Notice is hereby given ro all persons interested therein, that preparations are now makinu for the intended distri bution of proceeds arising from the schooner, Name Un known, captured on the sth August, 1837, by her Ma jesty's ship Myrmidon. - Agents or other persons having any just and legal demand unliquidated against the said proceeds, are required to transmit the particulars of any such demand to the Regis trar of the High Court of Admiralty, in order that the same may be examined, taxed, and snowed by that Officer, and paid under the sanction of the Judge of the said Court. Agents and all other persons holdin; powers of Attorney, prize orders, assignments, or other instruments, by virtue of which they may be legally entitled to claim the share belonging to any captor, are requested, with as little delay as possible, to transmit the same, accompanied by the usual documents, to the Prize Branch of the Depart ment of the " Accountant-General of the Navy, Admi ralty, Somerset-house." Due notice will be given, by future advertisements in the London Gazette of the date proposed for the commencement of distribution ; and, at the same time, the amount of an individual's share in the respective classes will be an nounced. BANKRUPTCIES ANNULLED. William Nichols, worsted spinner, Wi-ITN°, Yorkshire. James Denby Lee and James Crabtree, machine-makers, Calverley, Yorkshire. BANKRUPTS. James 'William Golden, card maker, Brighouse, York• shin., to surrender, April 19, an I May 11, at half-past bleven, at the Leeds District Court. Henry Seaton. woollen draper,Clielmsford, April 16, at two, and May 14, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edward Webster Morris, printer, Oxford, April 16, at half-past two; and May 14, at one, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. John Bunton, hotel keeper, King's Lynn, April 13 and May 14, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Henry Robert Wilkins, draper, Westbromwich, April 15 and May 8, at half-past eleven, at the Birmingham Dis .trict Court. John Phillips, timber 4 , e.1e , •, T!'r , ::i; ;barn, April 11 and May 5, at ten, at the Birmingham District Court. Thomas Morrison, coal merchant, Rhyl, April 16, and May 13, at twelve, at the Liverpool District Court. James Syred, seedsman and florist, Red Hill, Reigate, April 14, at two, and May 17, at one, at the Cana of Bankruptcy. Charles James and Henry George Evans, coopers, Beer lane, City, April 14, at one, and May 17 , at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. John Ince, apothecary, Wilton-street, Middlesex, April 15, at eleven, and May 20, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Edward Shingler, shoemaker, Birmingham, April 19, and May 10, at half-past ten, at the Birmingham District Court. William Weston Young; Joseph Westen Young, and George Young, millers, Neath, Glarmorganshire, April 16, and May 17, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Chad Fisher Richardson, victualler, late of Church street, Stoke Newington, April 15, at twelve, and May 14, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. George White the elder, tailor, Plaistow, Essex, April 13 and May 14, at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. William Harrison and George Taylor, brewers, Hadlow, Kent, April 15, at one, and May 14, at twelve, at the Court Of Bankruptcy• SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. Douglas and Son, watchmakers, Greenock. James Galt, farmer, Whiteshaw, Carlake. J. and A. Dykes, and Morton, warehousmen, Glasgow. David Rust, clothier, Aberdeen. James Stewart, hotel keeper, Arbroath. David Davidson Manson, farmer, Spynie, Elginshire. BANK OF ENGLAND. An Account, pursuant t o th e A c t 7th and Bth Victoria, cap. n, for the Week ending ou Wednesday, the 31st day of March, 1855 i. ISSUE DEPAR.TSEENT. Notts issued 32,280,385 Government debt •• • • 11,015,100 Other securities .. • . 3,4 59 , 900 Gold coin and bullion 17,805,385 Silver bullion ..... , .£ 32,280,335 £32,231,385 :. MARSHALL, Chief Cashier. Dated tho Ist day of April, 1858, BANKING DJ 'ASTMENT. Proprietors' capital .. 14,553,000 3,897,615 Public deposits (in cluding E Kebeguer, Commissioners of National Debt, Say- Government securities (includg.DeadWeight Annuity)• • • ' • • • • • • 9,901,993 Other Securities •... • • 16,857,437 Notes ..... . • • .... .. 12,329,635 Gold and Silver Coin.. 823,532 in;,' Banks, and Dividend Accounts) 7,630,7 n Other deposits seven Day and other Bill*..•••• •• - "" 840,165 £39,912,597 £39,912,597 I MARSUALL, Chief Cashier. Dated the let day of April, 1858. AVERAGE PRICE OF STJGAR. The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, c on -,. puted from the returns made in the week ending March 30, 1857, exclusive of the Duties of Customs paid cr payable thereon, on the importation thereof into Great Britain : s. d. From the British Possessions in America 27 10} Muscovado, the produce of the Mauritius 26 3 Muscovado, the prcdtrae of the Ea;:t Indies 3l 6 Aver-go of the above debeziptione. ~. 29 114 THE CASE OF THE CAGLIARI. The following opinion has been given in this cm-, by Dr. Travers Twiss, the Vicar-Grneral " Having been requested to advise the Sardinian Government whether the documents submitted to me diAclose any sufficient grounds for the seizure and detention of the Sardinian ship Il Cagliari by his Sicilian Majesty's steam cruisers, Il Tancredi and L'Ettore Fieramosca, I have directed my atten tion cparticularly to the proceedings of the com mission of Maritime Prize at Naples, and to the Act of Accusation preferred by his Majesty's Pro curator-General against the master and crew of the Cagliari, before the High Criminal Court at Salerno. The a bove-mentioned papers appear to me, after a careful examination of all the docu ments, to furnish the most material data for form ing a correct notion of the legal character of the transaction —as they disclose the cases formally set up by the Sicilian authorities on the one hand, against the ship, and on the other against her master and crew. There can be no doubt, on the face of these documents, that the Cagliari was seized and detained by the Sicilian cruisers in the strict sense assigned to those by the law of na tions. The log book of the Tancredi, which was produced before the commission of prize, is con clusive evidence on this head against the seizors. The entry of the 29th of June, 1857, is to the fol lowing effect :—`That at 8.45 a.m. the Taucredi was about 12 miles to the westward of the Island of Capri, cruising, in company with the Ettore Fieramosca, which was about two miles astern of her, when the Tancredi descried a vessel under steam and sail, making a course from the waters of Cape Licosa, which would carry her outside of the most westerly headland of Capri. That the com mander of the Tancredi at once directed his vessel towards the steamer, and at about half-past 9, per ceiving that she was edging away to the right, to wards the coast, he altered his course with a viewto cut her off ; soon after which he made out that she was a Genoese mercantile steamer, and from her appearance, suspecting that she was the vessel which he was ordered to arrest, at about lOso'clock, having approached sufficiently near, he fired a shot across her bows, and summoned her to obey his signal to bring to.; that upon the steamer complying with the summons by shutting off her steam and furling her sails her captain was ordered to repairon board the Tancredi with his papers ; meanwhile an armed boat's crew in the Tancredi's launch was sent on board the steamer to search her for munitions of war ; that an opened case of 50 gun barrels, and a case unopened, said to contain 50 double-barrelled fowling-pieces, and some other loose small arms, were found on board the Cagliari, and she was shortly afterwards taken in tow as prize by the Ettore Fieramosca, the captain of the Cagliari being detained a prisoner on board the Tancredi.' Such are the circumstances of the seizure narrated in the log of the Tancredi. The reports made by the commanders of the cruisers to their naval suileriers at Naples, which were given in before the Court, agreed with the statement in the log. There was nothing in the depositions of Cept. Sitzia and two of his crew which were read before the Court which conflicted with the statement on the part of the seizors as to the circurastancss and plac of the ssieure Captain Si'zia's depositions, which seem to have been made on interrogatories as in prize proceed ing, were chiefly explanatory of the events at Ponza and at Sapri ' and did n extend to any matters subsequent to the departure of the vessel from Sapri, excepting so far as he was asked why he did not at once leave the port of Sapri and in form the authorities on the continent. His answer was that his crew were c impelled to leave the vessel, and that he could not put to sea with the passengers only on board. It appears, however, from the depositions of a physician named Msscaro, who was a passenger on board the Cagliari, And who was examined with the other passengers before the magistrates at Naples, and whose state ment was confirmed by his companions, that the master of the Cagliari on leaving Sapri hal told them that he intended to proceed to Naples and make his report, but the witness did not state whether he understood that this report was in tended for the Sardinian Legation or the Neapo litan police. This evidence, however, was not put in before the Commission of Prize, neither was it admissible consistently with the rules of prize proceedings, unless further proof had been allowed by the Court to the owners of the ship. But the circumstance of the captain's having announced his intention, whether he spoke with good faith or not, could not affect the legal character of the sei zure, either in favour of the owners or in favour of the seizors with respect to the locality where it was effected. It results, then, from the evidence bef ire the Commission of Prize—and upon which evidence the Court proceeded—that the cruisers were upon the high seas when they first descried the Cagliari; that the Cagliari herself was also at such time on the high seas, steering a westerly course away from the Neapolitan waters and in a direction to pass outside the most westerly headland of Capri, and that the seizure itself took place while the Oa liari rrohe no,ll an tho high 00,00 Tho qua tions which arise upon this state of facts are confined within a narrow compass. The pursuit commenced, and the seizure was effected upon the high seas, which are nullius territorium, and with in which no State can claim to exercise jurisdiction on the grounds of local sovereignty. A S - ate msy enforce its municipal laws within its own territo rial waters rations foci against the mercantile ships and crews of all nations, which on leaving the open highway of the ocean sustain a new and special relation to the sovereign whose waters they have entered. But on the high seas a vessel is subject to no laws but those of her own nation, of which the general maritime law forms a part, being common to all States. In this sense, indeed, a ship has been sometimes said to be an extension of the territory of the nation to which she belongs, and the slightest application of the municipal law of another nation to her may be resisted. The loca lity of the_se - zere of the C ag li ar i b e i ng th us on th e high seas, and the locus in quo giv;ng to a Sicilian cruiser no absolute title to seize and detain a ves , el under the mercantile flag of another nation, it wiil he convenient to examine how the seizure aud de tention of the Cagliari might be justifiable ratione personarum or rations delicti. A ship may be lawfully seized on the high seas for a breach ef its own municipal law, or fer ab! ear of the general maritime law which is a portion of the 1 tw of nati n=. It can only, however, be seized for a violation of its own municipal law by the authority of its own sovcreigo, who may either commit his authority directly to the commander of a ship under his own flag, or may communicate indirectly to the cruiser of another State, under a treaty engagement with the Sovereign oethat State. In the absence, how ever, of any such treaty-engagement rights of sove reignty can only he enforced against a merchant ship on the high seas by a cruiser belonging to the State under the protection of whose mercantile flag the ship is sailing. The seizure of the Cagliari does not come wishin the scope of either of the above principles. She was sailing under the protection of the Sardinian flag, whereas the nationality of the seizors was Sicilian. On the other hand, there was no treaty-engagement between the Sardinian and Sicilian Crowns which would authorise the seizure of a Sardinian vessel on the high seas by a Sicilian cruiser for a breach of the muni cipal law of Sardinia. It may, however, be the case that the seizure of the Cagliari by the Sicilianships of war was justified by the general maritime law, which the public cruisers of all nations are eutie led to enforce against all private ships. A public vessel is by the law of nations entitled to verify die flag of a private vessel on the high seas, and no private vessel is allowed by the law of nations to sail on the high seas without proper documents on board to establish her right to the flag which she carries. This rule is totally independent of any special re -gulations of the State under whose flag she sails, and if a public cruiser, on visiting a private ship on the high seas, finds her unprovided with such ship's documents as are required by the law of nations to verify her flag, the cruiser may lawfully seize and detain such vessel in the interest of the general police of the seas. The owners of any such vessel who may have sent her to sea without proper docu ments on board must abide the consequences re sulting from their own default. The Cagliari, how ever, was not amenable to seizure and detention from any defect of her ship's documents. Her ship's papers, according to the requirements of the law of nations, wore regular and complete, and her captain exhibited them without delay to the cora mender of the Tancredi. There being so far no breach of the law of nations on the part of the owners of the Cagliari in the mode in which they sent the vessel to sea, if any culpability attached to her sufficient to justify her seizure and detention it must have arisen out of the mode in which she was navigated—in other words, the master and crew must have committed some breach of the law of nations after they quitted the Sardinian waters. The onus probandi on this head devolves upon the seizors. The case set up by the seizors before their own tribunals may be taken to be the best exposi tion of the grounds upon which they claim to sup portthe seizure. The ship appears to have been pro ceeded against before the Commission of Prize at Naples in the twofold character of pirate and of enemy, by reason that she hed infringed the sanitary res;ulasions of the Island of Ponza ; that her crew had landed upon that island and fought against the troops of his Sici lian Majesty; that certain fu g i t i ve f e l ons a nd other persons in rebellion against the Crown of the Two Sicilies had disembarked from her at Sapri ; and that she was on her way back to Ponza, to em bark other fugitive felons, when she was pursued and captured by the Sicilian cruisers. The seizors nil& SUN, LONDON FRIDAY EVENING, therefore be dismissed as a chargn which the Court regarded as not sustained upon the evidence before it. The condemnation of the ship seams to hvae proceeded on the ground that there was war de facto between the ship and the Crown of the Two Sicilies. Now war, according to Grotius, is not an act of hostility, but it is the state and situation of those who dispute by force of arms—' Ustis obtinet, ut non actio, sed status eo nomine indicetur, ita ut sit bel l= Status per vim certantium, quo tales sunt.'— Grotius de Bello et Pace, 1.1. c. 1. According to the above definition it seems difficult to understand how any of the doctrines of war can apply to the seizure of the Cagliari. There was amity between tne two Crowns, and there was no dispute by force between the two vessels. The Cagliari submitted at once upon being warned to bring to ;no r sistancc was made by her master and crew, no act of a hos tile nature was committed by them against the cruisers. As far, then, asthe conduct of the ma=ter and crew of the Cagliari in immediate relation to the cruisers is concerned everything . , consists with a state of peace. It was however, contended, on the part of the seiz set that the outrages committed by the revolters at Ponza and at Sapri constituted a state of hostilities whereby the Cegliari became lawful prize of war ; in other words, that the Ca gliari was infected with the guilt of the revolt, and that the revolt had outgrown the proportions of an insurrection to be put dawn tiy the civil authorities aided by an armed force, and had acquired the ex- tieme character of a civil war. Now, it is compe tent to every State which is imperilled by a revolt to proclaim martial law. It may use its military power to put down an armed insurrection too strong to be controlled by the civil authority. It may fur ther, by declaring martial law, constitute a state of war under which the sovereign authority may rei ert ;o the rights and usages of war to maintain it , if and to overcome any unlawful opposition. ("Lutl..er v. Borden," 7 Howard's Reports, p. 46.) But a temporary disturbance of the peace of the country, however violent it may be for the time, cannot be subsequently invested by the judicial seatence of a Court with the character of a state of war, so as to reflect upon the property of the subjects of another State seized on the high seas during the disturbance, and to render it amenable to the grave cous?quences which by the law of nations attaches to the prop- rty of enemies captured on the high seas during war. Vattel 1_ 111., c. 18, s. 292, makes the distinct on between & civil war and a rebellion to consist in the Let that in the former the mal-con tent have some reason to take up arms, while the latter is a rising against the legitimate autho rity destitute of all appearance of justice.' The Sovereign,' he remarks, does not fail to call all his subjects who resist him, rebels, but when they are strong enough to make head against him so as to oblige him to make war against them regularly he must resolve to endure the expression " civil war."' Vattel proceeds further to remark that 'in the case of civil war the common laws of War are to be observed by both belligerents. If the Sovereign considers himself entitled to hang his pri soners as rebels the opposite party will use repri sals.' It is unnecessary, however, to pursue this suoject further. The Government of the Two Sicie lies has decided to regard the revolt as an act of re hellion against the Staty, and to try the revolters under the ordinary criminal law as guiliy of high treason. They have included in the same criminal proceedings the maser and crew of the Cagliari as accessories to the attempt or the conspiracy to change the Government of the country. The Pro curator-General of the King of the Two Sicilies en deaveured before the Commission of Prizo torecon cile the civil proceedings against the ship with the criminal proceedings against the master and crew, on the grounds that there was this distinction be tween a bellum mixtum and a bellum publicum,— :hat when a bellum mixtum was brought to an end the jus imperii to punish those who had ongagtd in it revived, and might he exercised by the Sove reign ; whereas in a bellum publicam the return of peace brings with it a general amnesty. It is obvi ous, however, that the jus imperil can only revert to the Sovereign in relation to his own subjects. The pis imperii can h ave no application to the subjects of another State—against the latter the righlis which were founded on the state of bellum mixtum terminate with the occasion of them ; so that if it could be maintained that at the conclus ion of a Nihon mixtum the Sovereign may enforce against such of his prisoners as are his subjects and owe him allegiance the penalties which are pr scribel by his municipal law for certain offences committed in time of peace, which proposition, how ever, is totally inconsistent with the whole doctrine of betiummixtuen as distinguished from civil tumu , t, the theory of the revival of the jus imperii at the termination of the war cannot be extended to the master and crew of the Cagliari, who were de jure subjects of the Sardinian Cr iwn, and were not de facto within the allegiance of the King of tbeTwo Siciliee. Upon the best consideration which I have been able to give to this important question, which involves in its simplest form sone intricacies of law, but which has become inweLved in greater intricacies by the legal proceedings oil the pert of the Sicilian authorities subsequent to the seizure, I am nrou4ht to the conclusion that the seizure and detention of the Cagliari under the circumstance-% stated in the log of the seizors was not justifiable by the lawof nations, which is the only law whereby the cruizers of a sovereign power can be entitled to seize and detain on the high seas a merchant ship sailing under the protection of the flag of another sovereign. The right to demand the restitution of the ship together with her master and crew on the ground of the violation of the flag rests with th sovereign whose flag has been violaeed. If ;he High Criminal Court at Salerno, however, should con demn the master and crew under the 123 d section of the penal law of the Two Sicilies, and the Sici lian Government should proceed to enforce the pe nalties of its municipal law against the crew of the Cagliari, it will be competent at such time if any of the crew should happen to be subjects of any other foreign Power thin Sardinia, fo; that Power to in terfere in beh ilf of its subjects, on the ground that the municipal law of the seizors cannot under the circumstances of their seizure be rightfully enforced against thsm. lam unwilling, however, to conclude this expression of my opinion as to what I appre hend to be the strict lt.w applicable to the case of the Cagliari without - alluding to a possible incon venience which may scene to result from such a con. di , ion of the law, viz., that a State would be help less to (meek or punish outrages oil its coasts which do not amount to piracy committed by vese l s under the mercantile flag of auether State if such vessels can only escape in time on to the high seas before the cruisers of the State fall in with them. The re medy, however, for such at, ationrelh which is in practice more ideal than real, is found in the c mity of nations, which tempers the law of nations, just as equity tempers the apptc ation. of the rules of p :Si ` lew civil trsesectieee. 'Flee stels -Le of the flag, as already observed, is the privilege of the S ate, and when there is ma/a fides intne wrong doers, the State, through courtesy, waives its pri vilege, and extends uo longer the aegis of its nationality over its subjects, but either permits the State which has been injured to avenge the breach of its laws through its own tribunals, or will assist it to obtain redress against the wrongdoer before the Courts of their own country, if they have in any way made themselves amenable to punish ment for a breach of their own laws. " TRAVERS TWISS. "Doctors'-commons, March 22." invoked the application to these facts of the law In force in the kingdom, which declared every vessel I of a piratical character, or which had assistel the enemies of the Crown to be good prize, and they I contended that the Cagliari was liable to condem nation on both these grounds. Now, the crime of piracy by the law of nations is a crime of a settled and determined nature, and whatever may be the diversity of definitions in other respects, all writers on maritime law concur in holding that piracy, by the law of nations, is robbery, or forcible depreda tion on the sea, committed ammo furandi. iPirata depreedator est in maxi, et potest dici fur et latro maris. Santorna, 1. 4 n. 50. Piratm sunt latrones maritimi. Straccha. It is competent, indeed, for any nation to declare any offence to be piracy, but, although an offence may be declared to be piracy by the municipal law of a State, it does not thereby become piracy by the law of nations. A State, by declaring an offence to be piracy, may authorise its own tribunals to punish all offenders who may he amenable to its municipal law, in the manner in which pirates under the law of nations would be punishable. The slave trade, for instance, has been declared by some States to be piracy, but those States can only enforce their municipal law in this respect against their own subjects, and against the subjects of other States with which they have trea ties to that effect. Although, therefore, the breach of the sanitary laws of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies may be punishable as piracy under the territorial law of the State, foreign vessels are only amenable to that law while they are navigated in Sicilian waters. In a similar manner the other offences charged against the Cagliari maybe punish able as piracy under the special provisions of the code of the Two Sicilies ; but the Cagliari was no longer amenable to that code when she was once more on the highway of nations ; neither could she be rightfully seized thereon and reduced into possession by the setzers, so as to be lawfully brought by them before the Neapolitan tribunals for a breach of that code. There is a certain class of cases to be found in the reported judgments of the English and the American Courts which may seems at first sight to conflict with the position that merchant ships cann.et be rightfully seized on the high seas by a foreign cruiser for a breach of the municipal law of the State to which the cruis,yr belongs ; fur instance, the Statute Law of England against boverers (24th of Geo. 111., cap. 47), and the Statute Law of the 'United States of America against the importation of slaves (Act of 1807), authorize the national cruizers to seize all merchant vessels which are found with ce, tain cargoes on board, beyond the limits of the ordinary maritime jurisdictien, and vesselssoseized have been brought for adjudication before the tribunals of the seizors, and sen ence of forfeiture has been pronounced against them. Again, the same and other statutes in matters of trade authorize the seizure of vessels which have committed an act of forfeiture within the territorial jurisdiction, although they may be met with by the cruiser on the high seas. Such laws, however, are only an authority to the seizors before the tribunals of their own Sovereign, but they are no authority to the State which has enacted them against the Sovereign Power under the protection of whose flag the vessel was sailing on the high seas at the time of the seizure, if such Sovereign Power should not acquiesce inher seizure, and should demand her restitution. Mr. Jus ice Story, iu the Marianna Flora (11 Wheaton's Re ports, p. 40), has pointed out that the State which authorizes by her municipal laws her cruizers to effect such seizuree, incurs a responsibility towards foreign Powers in executing such laws ; in fact, it is only under the comity of nations in matters of trade that a State can venture to put such laws into execution ; it exercises in such matters only a permissive jurisdiction, and if any other State should re monst: ate and resist their apPlice ti , n, she must withdraw her claim to enforce such laws. Lard Stowell, in the well-known slave case, Le Louis' (2 Dodson p. 24G), alludes to an in stance of thiskind in the case of a Swedish ordinance authorising Swedish cruisers to examine foreign vessels on the high seas bound to Swedish portq, which, however, was resisted by the British Go vernment as unlawful, and the claim was finally withdrawn by the Swedes. In ordinary cases, in deed, where a merchant ship has been seized on the high seas for a violation of the laws of another State in matters of trade, the sovereign whose flag has been violated waives his privilege, considering the offending ship to have acted with mala fides to wards the other State with which he is in amity, and to have consequently forfeited any just claim to his protection. It is for the sovereign alone, not for the individual whose ship has been seized, to assert the inviolability of the flag, precisely as in time of war, when an enemy's vessel has been cap tured in neutral waters,' the claim of neutral privilege must be made by the State whose terri tory has been violated, and cannot be set up in bar to the seizure by the owners of the ship. In the present case the King of Sardinia, whose mercantile tlag has been violated on the high seas, has asserted the privilege of his flag, and has c'aimed the resti tution of the vessel, considering that the transac- lion does not disclose any case Ofmala fides towards the Mit;ilian ELacu vu the Farb ei ther vf k fro ownvre or of the master and crow, and the King of the Two Sicilies cannot set up the provisions of his own law as an answer to a claim made under the law of nations. The case of the Culo Alberto, in 1832, cited by the Sicilian Crown la'wyers, conflicts in no possible way with the above view of the law. The Carlo Albeit.° was a Sardinian merchant ship, which had been chartered at Leghorn by the Duchess de Berri, with the ol , j - -ct of effecting a landing of her self and her adherents on the coast of France. Toe vesel left the port of Leghorn, having on the face of her papers an ostensible destination to Barcelona, and she succeeded in landing the Duchess and her partisans near the port of Marseilles. The vessel, thereupon put out to sea again, and left the French waters, but was subsequently compelled by accident to her boilers to put back into the roadstead of Ciot at, and so placed herself again within the territorial jurisdiction of the French Crown. Her master and crew were thereupon se zed by the municipal offi cers of police and brought before a French tribunal, on a charge of having violated the rnuoicipal law of France. The Court at Aix entered them to be re leased, as le4ving been arrested in violation of the law of nations ; but the Court of Caseation, upon appeal, overruled the decree of the inferior court, and condemned the master and crew for an offence against the municipal law of Franc-, by taking part in an enterprise against the security ofehe State. No pre c ediegs were, however, instituted against the ship as prize, and she appear; to have been restored to her owners. It will be at once seen that there is this notable distinction between the Carlo Alberto and the Cagliari, that the crew of the former vessel when seiz-d were within the local jurisdiction of the State whose municipal law they had violated, and the ordinary courts of the country were accoolingly Lo.hipe'L,;ht w try them for a breach of such law, whereas the C'agltari was on the high seas when her master and crew fell into the hands of theeeizore. The judgment, how ever, of the Commission of Prize at Naples did not go all the way with the seizors. The Court ap pears to have condemned the ship, not as a pirati cal vessel, but as an enemy's ship; and it further condemned a portion of her cargo as contraband of war, decreeing the restitution of, the remainder of her cargo to the owner of it. The Court applied to the seizure of the Cagliari the considerations of law which attach to captures made during time of war. Assuming, than, from the moment, that the trans actions in which the ship was engaged at Ponza, and Sapri bore the character of what has been termed by publicists bellum mixtum, the master and crew would no doubt be subject to the penalties which the law of nations has sanctioned. But the master and crew have been indicted before the High Criminal Court at Salerno, not for any offence against the law of nations, but for an offence against the municipal law of the Two Sicilies. They are charged with being accessories to ane act of high treason committed by subjects of his Sicilian M .jesty in an attempt to change the Go , vernrnent of the country, and a tribunal whose func tion it is to administer the municipal law is asked to pronounce them liable to the penalties prescribed by the 123 d section of the code of the Two Sicilies, which says Emisfatto di less Maeata e punito colla mode et col terzo grade-di publico esempio Pattentato e la cospirazione the abbia per oggetto o di distruggere o di cambiare it Govern°, o di ecci tare i sudditti o gli abitanti del regno at armarsi con tro Pautorith, reale.' The penalties thus invoked against the master and crew of the Cagliari are upon the face of the Atto di Accusa penalties unknown to the law of nations, the offence itself being that of lmsre reajestatis,' an offence also unknown to the law of nations. To return, however, to the judgment of the Commission of Prize, it is perfectly clear—to borrow the language (mutatis mutandis) of Lord Stowell in his judgment on Le Louis, 2 Dodson, page 246—that the Cagliari could not he deemed a pirate from any want of a national cha racter legally obtained. She was the property, not of sea rovers, but of acknowledged Sardinian subjects ; she had Sardinian ships' papers on board, and was an acknowledged portion of the mercan tile marine of that country. If, therefore, the character of pirate could be ireprestei upon her, t must be only on the ground of her occupation. Under the orders of her owners she wes bound with passengers and cargo from G3lloa to Tunis, touch ing at Cagliari. Under the conduct of those on board of her she was, as alleged on behalf of the Crown of the Two Sicilies, instrumental to an act of high treason against the Sicilian State. .N ., -ither of these occupations can be legally de,med piracy, so as to subject her to seizure wherever found as hostis humani generis. The charge, indeed, of piracy was not nciticad in the judgment . . It may WOOL AND WOOL;.EN MARKETS. TRADE OF LEEDS, TuFsday.—We have no new feature to notice in the market this morning. Thera has been a fair steady Tuesday's business transacted, principally in light summer gnO3S. HUDDERSFIELD, Tuesday.—Tire improved char acter of the market, repotted on the previous Tues day, Wail fully Ruppnrted. Vie, tendency 13drh.. , to a better order of transactions, will a feeling of re ne7ved confidence. The business is still to a con siderable extent restricted to purchasers in the cheaper qualities of goods, and the hulk as yet changing hands bears a disadvantageous proportion to the operations of former years. The inquiries for summer goods are, however, gradually increas ing, and the genial aspect of the weather has con firmed the hopes of manufacturers in that direction. In wool we can report no variaion. [ADVERTISEMBNTd— A few more of the extraordinary cures without Medicine of ladigek tiou (Dyspepsia), Flatulency, Constipation, Nervous, Bilious, and Liver complaints, Cough, Asthma, Consumption, and Debility effected by Du Barry's delicious health-restoring - Revalenta Arabica For d, are here given : Cure 52,422. Bridgehouse, Frimley, 3d April, 1854. —Thirty-three years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, deafness, singing iu the ears, constipation, debility, shortness of breath, and cough, have been removed by your Revaleuta Arabica. My lungs, liver stomach, head, and ears are all right, my hearing perfect, and my recovery is a marvel to all my acquaintances.—JAmns ROBERT 3, Wood 14Ierchant. From the Venerable Ai eh deacon of Ross.—No. 32,83 G. Three years' exces s i ve nervousness, with pains in my neck , and left arm, and general debility, which rendered my life very miserable, has been radically removed by Du Barry's health-restoring Food.—A LEXAXDER STUART, Archdeacon of Ross, • Skibereer. Supported by testimonials from the following celebrated Pro fessors of Chemistry: Dr. A. Ure; Dr. Shorland; Dr. Harvey; Dr. Campbell ; Dr. Gattiker ; Dr. Wurzer ; Dr. Ingrain ; Lord Stuart de Decies; the Dowager Countess of Cast:estuart; Major Gen. Thomas King, and many other respectable per sons, whose health has been restored by it, after all other means of cure had. failed. Suitably packed with full instruc tions, In canisters, 11b. 2s, Pd.; 21.. 4s. 6d ; 51b. Ils. ; 121 b 225. The 121 b canisters are sent carriage free on re ceipt of Post-office order Barry Du Barry, and Co., 77, Regent-street, London. Important Caution, against the fear. ful dangers of spurious imitations.—The Vice-Chancellor Sir William Page Wood granted au Injunction on the 10th March, 1854, against Alfred Hooper /Coil), for imitating "Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food." APRIL 2, POLICE IN. GUILDHALL.—Mr. Richardson, of Charles street, St. James's, stated that he had received a notico from the cashier of this court informing him that the magistrate had directed the fine recently imposed on the Mariquita Gold Mining Company to be paid to him (Mr. Richardson) in aid of the costs incurred by him in prosecuting the complaint against that company for not com plying the requirements of the last Joint-Stock Companies Act. He said the complaint was not made merely on his owu account, but on behalf of the other shareholders, and he therefore de clined to accept the amount of the fine in aid of his expenses, and begged it might be placed in the poor-box. Sir J. Musgrove said he was much obliged to Mr. Richardson for remembering the poor-box, as pitiable objects presented themselves from time to time to whom a few shillings from the magistrate proved a great assistance. Sir John expressed a h ipe that the decision of the presiding Alderman who imposed the fine would be beneficial to the shareholders. _ _ _ - Mr. Richardson said it had settled one point ; but a fre•h difficulty arose under the new Joint stock Companies Act, which deprived shareholders of the priv,lege they were entitled to under the former Act of inspecting the minute-book of the CO al parry. BOW-STREET. —A dirty untidy-looking woman named Isabelle Driscoll was charged with stealing a geld ring. Prison. .r went into the shop of Messrs. Dobree and Totnlinson in the Strand, and asked to look at some w,idding-rings. A case was shown to her by the foreman, and she tried on about half-a-d.a n, one of which she abstracted, but not without b,iing detected by the young man, who at once taxeu her with the theft. She denied it, but he was so certain • of it that he determined to give her in charge. At the stationhome the female searcher oitserved that prisoner had something tightly clenched in her hand, and on forcint , it open took from her the ring in question. She gave a f else address at the station. Prisoner said it was her husband's address, but she was sepAraSed from him. She had no regular means of living, and no home "in particular." She pleaded guilty to the charge. Mr. Hall sentenced her to imprisonment for six months. MARYLEBONE. Yesterday, Mr. Arthur Graqg .r, a starioner, &c., at 308, High Holburo, was charge I, At the instance of Mr. Col!ard, super in° endent of the Great Western Railway Company% police, with having sent a pack-t addressed to Mr. Underhill, Tiptoe, Staffordshire, the said packet being of an inflammable na , ure. Tue defendtut plea led guiLy, and he was con victed in the penalty of 101. and costs. Mr. Collard slid, that some time ago inflammable matter was sent b . ) railway, and that, 10001. damage occurred. THAMES.—Thomas Jencoan, aged 42, the cook of the steamer Gibralt tr, lying in the London Dock, wac charged wito smuggling 341 b. of foreign manufactured tobacco, by which he had incurred et penalty of 1001. Mr. Cumberland, from the Customs' solicitor's office, prosecuted on the part of the Crown. Mr. Charles Young, solicitor, defended the prisoner. Mr. George Hardy, a tide surveyor of Customs, stated that the Gibraltar was trading between this port and Cadiz. On Triuraday she arrived in the London Dock. and he searle 1 a cabin, in which were two berths, occupied by tie prisoner and the third mate, and found 9JO cigars, weighing 341 b., concealed in the lining of the vessel. The place of deposit was very artfully made. He had to re move a board at the bottom tif the cabin, and th-n take away a batten on which it rested, before he could discover the hiding place. In cross-examination by Mr. Young the witness said the prisoner declare:l the cigAr3 were not his and that it was very hard to take him. The pri soner also said that he did not know the cigara wrre in the ship until that day. Tue third mate left the ship while he was seizing the first lot of cigars. He intended to arrest the third mate wherev he could find him. . Mr. Cutnberland said the Cuitoms' Act was v.:, stringent, and necessarily s 9. The whole of the people on board were liable to be arres , ed, and could be fine l ; bit the C tinmissionect of C , lstoms had only sleet those br prosecution who must hive had a guilty knowleige of the cigars Leing secreted. Mr. Claridge, Queen's appraiser of condemned goods in the port of L'indon, said the ciga s pro duced were of foreign manufacture, and liabie to a duty of 94. sd. per lb. Mr. Selfe Pentene.-1 the prisoner to pay a fine of 100 `l. to the Queen, and be imprisoned until it was paid. Mr. Young—The cigars really did not 13:410ng to he cook. They were the property of the tuird at, ”f tho ot..auler. SOUTEI'VARK.—James Berry was brou;ht up for tival examination, cha g d wlt wilfully and knowingly uttering several counterfeit crown pieces to diff rout trade , people in Berm.,ncis.y. Thera were a great number of the prisoner's vic tims in court to identify him. The prisoner was committed for trial. LA.MBETEL—Henry Warberton, a wAI-dressed and respectable-lo , iking young man, who has studiously avoided giving any ace punt of himself by which he might be traced, bur wno is suspected to belong to a gang of expert thieves who commit robb,ries at publicisouses and beershops, was brought up for final examination, charged with attempting to com'iiit a robbery at the Queen beer house, East-street, Kent-road, on the 18th of last month. After a recapitulation of the evidence given on the former occasion, The prisoner begged hard to be dealt with by the magistrate, declaring he should never commit such an act again. Mr. Norton said,—Do you wish to give any ac couw. of yourself, your place of residence, or who your friends are ? Prisoner —I should rather not, as Ish iuld only he bringing disgrace upon my friends, woo are moot respectable. M r . Norton—Have you any objection to givo up the names of your confederates in this attempted robbery to the police, so that they may be able to trace them ? Prisoner—l'd rather nob, sir ; I have no wish to bring them into tr ou ble.. Mr. 1.4 - ur : o U — low can you expect, after thus re fusing to give any account of yourself or your aa.o ciates, that I shall deal favourably with you ? Be sides, the case is of too serious a character to he summarily dealt with, and I shall therefore send you to take your trial at the Old Bailey. WANDSWORTII.—The four prisoners, James Tounsend, alias Bennett, his cuusin Eliza Horne, Richard, a general dealer, of Seffron!hill, Hohorn, and William Jones, a watchmaker, of No. 3, Gravel-lane, Southwark, who have been so fre quently remanded on the numerous charges pre ferred against them by persons from all pa( is of the metropolis, were fully committed fur trial be Mr. Dayman. Tounsend, who is all , ged to have 12 wives, and who is committed for trial for an attempt at mur der, presented to the court the following extraor dinary written statement as his defence :—" Myself and another man, named Ge. , rge Lewis, went to a house in St. George's-road, Pimlico, to a policeman named Fells. We went with the intention of rob ing a house at 114, Warwick-street, St. George's road. The time we went was on a Sunday T be lieve about 1 o'clock. Mr. Fells was then miudieg an empty house. We told him we had come to do the job in Warwick-street. He said we could go uestairs, then no one would s-e us hanging about. We then could see the house we intended to reb. We watched the house all Sunday afternoon till about 11 o'clock on Sunday night. We then left Fell's house and went towards 114, Warwick-street. George L wis then got over the railing ;aecl forced the window up, and got in. He had . been in the house about five minutes when I heard a woraa'' scream. I then went back to Fells's house, and told him that George Lewis had got in, and I thought he was knocking, the girl about, as I heard her scream. Fells then said, 'He will not hurt the girl.' I said, I don't know, he will not come out without the plate.' Fells ellen said ho thought he should go to bed. He then said, 'lf you get it, bring it down the area steps and put it under them, as it will be all right, no one will look there. You can then place a stone between the railings near the gate, aed I then shall know it is all right.' I crime the next morning, and Fells Old me what was there. I fetched it away in a bag, and met George Lewis. We disposed of the plate, and we then went to see Fella. We !met him down by Grosvenor-place. We then gave him some money, and then went and had something to drink. The rope that was found round the girl's neck was Fell's rope." The pri soner also made another charge against Fells, who belongs to the 13 division, of conspiring with him in ebtainin,g money from a young woman named Juliet Az kins, whom he married in the name of Charles Lewis, the fact being known to Fells that he was alreadya married man. Fel s, the Officer a'luded to, has b3en watching ;h.; Las from the c immencounent, and gives a posi tive denial to the charges. He prora4 a former comioion against Tounsend. IL.-.4pril 1. 1 g 5 /I, BA 'TU. !Ng An Account, pursuant to the Act seventh and eighth Victoria, cap. 32, of the Average Amount of Bank Notes Of the several Banks of Issue in England and Wales, in Cirealation during the Week ending Satur day, the 20th day of March, 1858 : Average PRIVATE BANKS. Amount. Andover Bank, Andover—Heath and Co. 8,403 Ashford Bank, Ashford—Jenamitt Pomfret,and Co. Aylesbury Old Bank, Aylesbury—Z. D. Hunt 18,018 Baldock Bank and Baldock and Biggleswade Bank Baldock—Wells, Hogge, and Co Barnstaple Bank, Barnstaple—Marshall and Co 7, 695 Basingstoke and Odiham Bank, Basingstoke— Seymour, Lamb, and Co. Bedford Bank, Bedford—Barnard and C,). Bewdley Bank, Bewdley,— Nichols, Baker, and Co 8,304 Bicester and Oxfordshire Bank and Oxford Bank, Bicester—H. M. and G. Tubb 14,815 Birmingham. Bank, Birmingham -Attwoods, Spooner, and Co - 20,050 Birmingham and Warwickshire Bank, Bir mingham—J. L. Moilliet and Sons -- Blandford Bank, Blandford—Oak and Co. — Boston Bank, Boston—Clavpons and Co. Boston Bank, Boston—T. Gee and Co. Bridgwater Bank, Bridgwater—J. and J. L Seatey Bristol Bank, Bristol—Miles, Miles, and Co 29,909 Broseley and Bridgnorth and Bridgnorth and Broseley Bank, Broseley—Pritchards, Boy cott, and Co. Buckingham Bank, Buckingham— Bartlett, Par rott, and Co. Bury and Suffolk Bank, Sudbury Bank, and Stowmarket Bank, Bury St. Edmunds — Oakes, Bevan, and Co. Banbury Bank, Banbury —J. C. and A Gillett Banbury Old Bank, Banbury—Cobb and Son 24,561 Bedfordshire Leighton Buzzard Bank, Leighton Buzzard—Bassett, son, and Co. Birmingham Bank, Birmingham—Lloyds & Co. 18,772 Bradford Old Bank, Bradford, Yorkshire —H. A. and W. M. Harris and Co - Brecon Old Bank, Brecon—Wilkins and Co 32,826 Brighton Union Bank, Brighton—Hall, West, and Co. Burlington and Driffield Bank Burlington— Harding, Smith, and Co 9,305 Bury St.. Edmunds Bank, Bury St. Edmunds— Worlledge and Co 2, 371 Cambridge Bank, Cambridge—Mortloak &Co 13,046 Cambridge and Cambridgeshire Bank, Cam bridge—Messrs. Fosters 41,658 Canterbury Bank, Canterbury—Hammond and ' Co 2B 020 Carmarthen Bank, Carmarthen—Dayid Morris and Sons 15,747 Chertsey Bank, Chertsey—La Costs and Son 2,786 Colchester Bank, Colcheeter—Round, Green, 14,838 and Co. Colchester and Essex Bank, and Witham and Essex Bank, and Hadleigh, Suffolk, Bank, Colchester—Mills, Bawtree, and Co Cornish Bank, Truro—Tweedy and Co Coventry Bank, Coventry—Little & Weodcook City Bank, Exeter—Milford and Co Craven Bank, Settle—Alcocks, Birkbecks, and 13,194 37,958 6, , 05 18,491 Co Chepstow Old Bank, Chepstow Bank, Mon mouth Old Bank, Monmouth Bank, Brecon Bank, and Ross and Herefordshire Bank, Chepstow—Bromage, Snead, and Co Derby Bank, Derby—W. and S. Evans is Co Derby Bank, Derby—Samuel Smith and Co Derby Old Bank and Soarsdale and High Peak Bank, Derby—Crompton, Newton, and Co Devizes and Wiltshire Bank, Devizes—Locke and Co Disc Bank, Diss—Fincham, and Co Doncaster Bank and Retford Bank, Doncaster —Cooke and Co Darlington Bank, Durham Bank, and Stockton on-Tee: Bank, Darlington—Backhouse & Co Devonport Bank. Devonport— Hodge and Co Dorchwter Old B and Dorsetshire Bank, Dorchester—R. and H. Williams Nast Cornwall Bank, Liskeard—Robins, Foe ter' and Co mast Riding Bank, Beverley—Bower and Co Essex Bank and Bishop's Stortferd Bank Chelmsford—Sparrow, Round, and Co Sieter Bank, Exeter—Sanders and Co Farringdon Bank and Bank of Wantage, Far ringdon—Barnes, Medley, and Co Farnhani Bank, Farnham—Messrs Knight Faversham Bank, Faversham—Hilton and Co. Godahning Bank, Godalming—Mellersh and Keen Guildford Bank, Guildford—Messrs. Haydon Grantham Bank, Grantham—Hardy and Co Hereford City and County Bank, Hereford— Matthews and Co. Hull Bank and Kingston-upon-Hull Bank, Hull, Smith, Brothers, and Co. HuntingdOn Town and County Bank, Hunting don—Veasey and Co Harwich Bank, Harwich—Cox, Cobbold, and Co. Hertfordshire, Hitchin Bank, Hitchin Sharpies, and Co. Hereford, Ross and Archenfield Bank, and Ross and Archenfield Bank, Ross Morgan and Co Ipswich Bank, Ipswich—Bacon and Co. Ipswich and Needham Market Bank, Suffolk, liadleigh Bank, llanningtree and Mistley Bank, and Wo - Abridge Bank, Ipswich— ,klexandoi s and Co. Kentish Bank, Maidstone—Mercer, Randall, and Co. Kington and Radnorshire Bank, Kington— Davies and Co. Knaresborough Old Bank and Ripon Old Bank, "Knaresborough—Harrison and Co Kendal Bank, K. endal—Waketleld, Crewdsma and Co. Lane End Staffordshire Bank, Lane End—C Harvey and Son Leeds Bank, Leeds--Beckett and Co. Leeds Union Bank, Leeds—W. Williams, Brown and Co. Leicester Bank, Leicester—T. & T. T. Paget Lewes Old Bank, Lewes—Whits.ll and Co Lin colnt....ik, Lincoln—Smith, Ellison, and Co Llandovery Bank, Lampeter Bank, and Dan dilo Bank, Llandovery—D. Jones and Co Loughborough Bank, Loughborough—Middle ton and Cradock Lymington Bank, Lymington—S, and G. F. St. Barba Lynn Regis and Lincolnshire Bank, Lynn Regis—Gurneys and Co. Lynn Regis and Norfolk Bank, Lynn Regis-- Jarvis and Co Macclesfield Bank, Macclesfield—Brocklehurst and Co. Manningtree Bank, Manningtree—Nunn and 64,130 6,978 10,626 33,620 27,998 G,T23 10,035 54,3E1 73,199 8 053 38,465 72,713 *7,313 t 7,926 23,422 6,011 9,891 5,726 4,866 11,640 24,210 11,707 17,412 42,213 Co. Marlborough Bank, Marlborough and Wilts Old • Bank, Marlborough Old Bank, Marl borough Old Bank and Hungerford Bank, and Hung wford Bank, Marlborough—Tan ner and Co Merionethshire Bank, Dolgelly—Williams and Son Miners' Bank, Truro—Willyams and C 0...... Monmouthshire Agricultural and Commercial Bank, A.bergavenny—Bailey and Co Monmouth Cld Bank, Monmouth Bank, Bre eon Bank, Chepstow Bank, Chepstow Old Bank, and Ross and Herefordshire Bank, Monmouth—Bromags, Snead, and Co Newark Bank, Newark—Godfrey and Riddell Newark and Sleaford Bank, and Sleaford and Newark Bank, Sleaford—Handley, Peacock, and Co Newbury Bank, Newbury—Bunny & Slocock Newmark-ft Bank, Newmarkst--Eaton, Ham mond, and Co ' Norwich Crown Bank and Norfolk and Suffolk Bank, Norwich—Harvevs and Hudsone... Norwich and Norfolk Bank, Norwich—Gur neys and Birkbecks Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Bank, Not tingham, Hart, Fellows, and Co Nuneaton Bank, Nuneaton—Craddock and Co Naval Bank, Plymouth, Plymouth—Harris and Co. Neer Sarum Bank, Sarum—Everett and Cc._ Nottingham Bank, Nottingham—Samuel Smith ' Co. Oswestry Bank and Oswestry Old Bank, Os westry—Croxon and Co . Oxford Old Bank, Oxford —Parsons and Co. OH Bank, Tonbridge, Tonbridge and Ton bridge Wells Old Bank, Tonbridge and Ton bridge Wells and Sesenoaks Bank, Ton bridge—T. H. and S. Beeehing Oxfordshire Witney Bank, Witney—J. W Clinch and Sons Pease's Old Bank, Hull, the Hull Old Bank and Beverley Bank, Hull—Pease and Co Penzance Bank, Penzance--Batten and Co Peterborough Bank and Oundle Bank, Peter borough—D. Yorke and Co. Pembrokeshire Bank, Haverfordwest—J. and W. Walters.. , Reading Bank, Reading—Simonds and Co Reading Bauk, Reading—Stephens, Blandy, and Co. Richmond Bank, Richmond—Roper and Co Rochdale Bank, Rochdale--Clement, Royde, and Co. Rochester, Chatham, and Strood Bank, Roches ter—Day and Nic holson Royston .Bank, Royston—Fordham and Sona Rugby Bank, Rugby—A. Butlin and Son Rye Bank, itye—R. C. Pomfret, & Ross Co Old Bank, Heredfordshire, Ross kllaway and Macdougal laffron Walden and North Essex Bank, B a r. fron Walden—GL4mm.; and Co. ............ Salop Bank Ski ewsbury—Burton, Lloyd, and Co. Soarbors,u4l2 Old. Bank, Scarborough—Wood all and Co ................ Shrewsbury Old Bank and Shrewsbury and Ludlow Bank, Shrewsbury-- Rocke, Ey tone, and .............................. Sitti , gbourae inel Milton Bank, Stttingnourne —Tallanee said Co. ............................. Southampton Town and County Bank, South arapton—Maddison and Pearce ............. 8,488 30,638 19,808 19,455 58,5 V 8,763 21,409 16,703 39,969 5,276 48,601 36,513 23,723 19,975 69,251 16,305 7,080 3,915 30,755 7,964 11,498 1,636 THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. The al rangements preparatory to making another attempt to connect Europe and America by tele graph during the present summer, are progressing a.:►ively. . . . . . The cable, which has been stored during the winter in the tanks erected by permission of the Government at the Keyham Steam Yard, at Devon port, is now being coiled on board her Majesty's ship Agamemnon and the United States frigate Niagara, both of which ships have again been de voted to this work by the countries to which they respectively belong. Up to yesterday, 320 miles bad been coiled on beard the Agamemnon and 84 on board the Nagara. A large number of men are engaged in the coiling, from the hours of five a.m. to seven p.m., every day, except Sunday, and the whole is expected to be on board by the 10th of May. The additional 300 miles of cable recommended by the directors in their report to the shareholders is in process of manufacture by Glass, Elliot, and Co., a sufficient amount of the new capital having been subscribed for this put pose. It will have been completed and coiled on board by the second week in May. The scientific committee appointed to consult and carry on experiments with regard to the paying -out machinery have at length so far decided upon the principle of the sheaves and retarders to be used on the presen - . Occasion as to be enabled to order one complete machine, which will be finished in about a fortnight, and which will then be set up at the works of Messrs. Easton and Amos, and subjected to s-veral experimental tests. When this is don it is the intention of the direc t rs to invite by circular as many engineers and machinists of known ability and eminence as pos sible, to visit and inspect the entire apparatus during a certain fixed period, and to solicit as a favour their critical observations and suggestions upon its form and construction. If no good cause be shown for further important alterations in the machinery, it is intended. . that the Niagara and Agamemnon, which it is esti mated will have been completely fitted and ready by the last week in .play, shall, before commencing to lay the cable, proceed to sea, and in the deep water, ab Jut 300 miles fi om the Irish coast, re hearse a series of experirat nts in paying out and hauling in, and put to a practical test several sug ge-tions and appliances that have been proposed to the company by various ingenious persons who have taken an active interest in the success of the enter prise. The two ships will then return to England again and report progre,s, and under this arrange ment, should the experiment show that improve ment or alteration is desirable in any of the apparatus, there will be time to get it effected so as to enable the expedition to make their final start at a period of the 3ear when, according to the unanimous testimony of all whose experience of the weather in the North Atlantic bas been consulted, the sea and air are likely to be in the most favour able condition for facilitating the success of the undertaking. The Agamemnon is now being put in commission, and will be commanded by Captain George W. Preedy ; and the Admiralty have, in addition to the Agameninon, appropriated the Gorgon, Com mauder Dayman, and another paddle-wheel steamer, to the service of the Atlantic Company, the latter as auxiliary to the Agamemnon in ease of her need ing assistance, and the former to keep the sailing course, there. being a possibility that the compasses of the ships containing the cable may be affected by the proximity of so large a mass of iron. It is expected that the United States Govern ment will also shortly despatch to England a large paddle-wheel steamer on a similar service in respect to the Niagara. Thus there will be a total of five ships of war engaged on the present occasion to realise this great international work. In the electrical dep irimeut, the directors have called to the aid of Mr. Whitehouse the services of Professor Thomson, LL.D., Mr. Walker, F.R.S., and Mr. Henley. It is also their intention to con sult other electricians and telegraphists, with a view to secure the greatest attainable amount of speed in working through the cable and the best practic able form of appaiatus for transmitting signals. Country Maniets MANCHESTER-APRIL 1. There was an average attendance this morning. English wheat of good quality was sold at last week's prices, and secondary sorts neglected. American sold slowly, and must be called rather cheaper, while French, being in better supply, 2d to :id per 701 b. Flour is per sack lower than last week. Oats were fully al char, and oatmeal sold slowly. In other articles no material change. LOUTH —MARCH 31. Wheat, 39s to 41s ; mixed, 43s ; barley 32s to 34s ; oats 13s to 22s ; beans, 38s to 41s. BOSTON—MARca 31 We had a fair attendance of farmers to-day, and a good ■upply of grain of all sorts. Wheat met a firm Nale, at previous rates. Oats and beans in request at fully last week's rates. Prices :—Wheat, red, 40s Od to 42s Od; new, —a to —s ; white, 424 0,1 to 44s Od extra, 45a. Barley, 26a Od to 34s 01. oat, 20s to 263. Peas, 40 to 423 Ott. Beans, 33. 01 to 40s Od per qr. Official Averages. Wheat 3683 quarters, at 41s 4d Barley Oats 226 ~ 23s Od Beans 606 „ 39s id Peas. 46 91 40s 7d NEWARK—kIARon 31. This day's market was pretty well attended, and a small supply of wheat, with a slow sale, at a decline on the last week's prices. Fine barley in improved request, at the extreme rates of last week. Oats and beans fully as dear as before. Wheat, white 48s to 545, red 44s to 465; barley, malting 40s to 445, grinding :12s to 345; oats, 24st. 32s to 365, 22st, 26s to 28s ; beans, 42s to 44s ; malt, 66s to 72s ; peas, 40s to 42s ; tares, 503 to 56s per qr. GLASGOW—MexS= 31. At our corn market to-day there was a small attend• ance, and wheat and flour met a slow sale at barely the last week's prices. Barley at previous rates. Oats 6d per 2611 b. dearer. Oatmeal was improved 6d to is per 2801 b. Beans scarce, and the tarn lower. Egyptian were ra• ther cheaper. EDINBURGH GRAIN.-MARCH 31. A limited supply of grain to-day, sales were heavy, except for oats, and prices were much the same as last week. Wheat, on the top, 9s Od down, and on the average Os ld down. Barley, 2s Od up on the top, and Os 3d up on the average. Oats on the top ware is Od up, and on tho average 03 3d up. Beans on the top 4.s Od up, and on the average Os 6d up. AVERAGES PER IMPERIAL QUARTER. Wheat £2 1 0 6-12th. P., r•.w -12ths. Barley 1 12 1 8-12ths. Oats Beans -12ths. Total Supply and Sales. Wheat 902 qrs sold 564 qrs Barley 823 qrs sold 628 qrs Oats 1150 qrs sold 918 qrs Beans 271 qrs sold 198 qrs DERBY SMTHrIELD.-MAuil 30. The following were the quotations :—Beef, sid to tad ; mutton, 71 to 70 ; lamb, --d to Oil ; veal, 7d tc per lb. ; pork, 5/d to Nd per lb ; rough fat, 5s 0 to Os per 141 b. ; hides, 2id to 3id per lb ; calf-skins, 4d to 5A per lb. COURSE OF EXO 1 I ANGE.-YESTERDIT. Anaiteream............ 11 15y. Gibraltar •• •• •• •• •• •. Ditto, three months .. 11 18 Leghorn ....••......•• 29 70 Rotterdam ............ 11 18 Genoa ........••...... 25 57 % Antwerp .............. 15 3736 ivan •••••••• •• •• •• •• - Brusseqi 25 37ii 3s nbnrgh ............ 13 6 1 4 Naple , . . 41% Altena ................ •• Palermo ... . ••.. 125 rari5........ •••• 25 12 4 Messina •••• 1291 .. Do. three months .• 25 375, Lisbon .. •••••••• bl),(, Mar Fettles ... . ~.. 25 40 Oporto •......• 51% Bourciegux •• •••• • • .... • . itio Janeiro ..... ••• •••• Franklort-on- \talc° .... 118% Buenos Ayres ..... ..... —. Berlin ..•• ...• •• .• •... •• 1 New York,6o days' sight Vienna 10 35 IP hiladelphia .......... •• 10 30 PRICES Or BULLION. PEI On Petersburg 35.4 Foreign Gold In Bars £8 17 9 Madrid 49 Portugal Gold Coin .. 0 0 0 Cadiz „ 49Si Iteatean Dollars ... 0 0 0 Blroelona ........ New Dollars .... - 0 0 0 Seyffie... ..... • . . 'Silver trt bars .... 0 5 1% BIRTB.S. DICKENS—On the let iost,, at Ireton House, Boundary. road, St. John's-wood, Mrs. Charles Dickens, of a daughter. SHAW—On the 31st March, at Woolwich, the wife of Major G. Shaw, R. A., of a son. VENA.BLES—On the 31st March, at Bonchurch,. Isle of Wight, the wife of the Rev. Edmund Venables, of a daughter. MARRIAGES. SMITH--IhrwELL--On the 30th March, at Newport Peg nel, Bucks, Mr. W. H. Smith, of Woburn, Bedford shire, to Elizabeth, youngest daughter of the late Mr. W. Hipwell, of Newport Pagnel. DEATHS. BARNES —On the 29th March at Bashgate, Chesterfield J. G. Bat nes, Esq., aged O. DAIE- On the 30th March, at Kensington Palace, Natha n on board N her Naval niel Date, Esq., of her Majesty's Househ o ld, age d 82. EYIIE--On the ILth ie F u e t b t .; li ce o n n t g E K thv on a g ra , the 24th Mar c h, M a j or J. Al exan d er H E C M N a S D c i I Y s s o O s li n e_hoifoP e,, Cnolonel and M rs . E yre. tienc.ter.o a , of Westerton. MORTON-- On the 31st March, at 47, Brook-street, the Earl of Morton, aged 68. SoLLY —On the 31st Marcb, at 48, Great Ormond-street, .Etiehard Horewan Solly, Esq., F.R S., aged 80. WEGUELIN-00 the lat init., George Weguelin, Esq., of 6, Grafton-street, Fitzroy-square, aged id. LONDON : Printed and Published by MIJRDO YOUNU, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No., 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county of Middlesex, Friday, April 2, 1858. saiaassi 5,936 12,379 25,600 9,576 17,715 42,637 16,465 15,657 47,995 8 F,l 05 7,242 2,802 17,312 8,204 28,295 11,109 80,920 5,854 10,278 40,750 7,947 8,552 6,635 24,242 27,143 5,150 2,900 6,161 12, ,. 72 8,300 8,261 4,126 29,557 10,819 19,143 29,948 2,011 8,819 1 Ph bi .