The Sun. — London, England, 1860-05-21 00:00:00

and from the indulgence of inaction and indolence as de grading if less hurtful— Pleriis pollent studiii, multoque redundant Eloquio ;,nec desidils, dapibusque p iratic Indulgere juvat ; nec tanta licentia vitm, Abripit, cut mores :etas lasciva relaxat Bed gravibus curls animum, sortita senilem, Ignea longcevo fraenatur corde juventus.' If in action good intentions avail nothing without deeds, and even deeds are of no merit, however well meant, unless wisely done, so opinions as opinions, and without reference to actions, are of no value except for their truth, their soundness ; and this is alone to be regarded in their adoption. Their favour with man, their subserviency to a articular pure ose, their accordance with a prevailing prejudice,th ei r striking novelty and originality or repugnance to commonly received doctrines—are all wholly extraneous to that w hich alone must be considered in our inquiries, and espec i a lly ia regardedliyie our teaching—their truth or falsehood alone to be and nothing else. But in the same degree in whi.ehthepur suit of truth must be the sole object, so is the bearing entire ly with those who dissent from us a paramount duty. Indeed the one position is involved in the other. We cannot be in search of truth alone, but in pursuit of something else, and we do not allow others to hold their opinions, however diffe. rent from ours. These differences can only be the ground of our disapproving or pitying, but on no account of blam ing. If they have honestly formed their opinions upon whatever subject, moral, political, or religious, they may be blamed for the misconduct of the understanding, but not for the opinions, however erroneous, to which it has led them. To God they are responsible, and not to man, and in proportion to the importance of the subject is the respone sibility heavy ; in the subject of religion, therefore, heaviest of all, because there even carelessness, oversight, is crimi nal ; deeply to be blamed by me, though not to be punished, and in the sight of God one of the gravest offences. It is strange how great in all ages has been the confusion of ideas on this subject, and greatest upon matters where it was most hurtful—religious opinion. Men justly re garded these as of all others the most important, and error most to be deplored ; and that every temporal considera tion was comparatively insignificant. But they also sup posed that belief was voluntary ; therefore, having the power,:: they drew the inference th a t th ey had not only a right, but a duty to exercise their power in corn pellinglhe unbeliever or destroying him, as Louis IX. (St. Louis), the mildest and most conscientious of Princes, held it the duty of a true knight when he met unbelievers not to reason with them, but put them to death; so little could he have opened his mind to comprehend, much less to em brace, the doctrine of Bishop Jeremy Taylor, delivered by him as that of all rational men—" No man can change his opinion when he will, and using force may make a hypo crite, but never a right believer. All intolerance of every kind proceeds from the same confusion of ideas, the more mischievous because sometimes perfectly honest, from that of St. Louis and the Inquisition down to its mildest form of attaching civil disqualifications to religious opinions, and even to political, when they have at some period been con nected with religious belief. The prejudices and gross errors in which such persecution in all its forms originates cannot be too carefully guarded against in practice, or too fully exposed in teaching. The sound doctrines on all subjects of moral, poli ical, and theological science, at all times taught within these walls, have esta blished the character of the University upon a solid foundation. But it is not to be forgotten that injury to the cause of truth has been done by a very eminent person, in whose great capacity and celebrity this city takes a just pride, how much soever his talents may have been misape plied ; and it well becomes the instructors of youth strenu ously to counteract the influence of David Hume, both on account of the incalculable importance of the subject on which he was misled, and also in respect of a far less mate rial circumstance—the disposition of ignorant persons in other countries to represent him as having founded an in fidel school or sect in Scotland. It is fit that on this point the truth should be plainly spoken—Mr. Hume was not a sceptic either in his political or religious errors. His opi nions were perfect, decided when they could be held upon positive or affirmative positions, and as decided as any that could be held upon mere negation. He was the adversary of popular rights, and the ally of the English High Church patty against those rights, widely as he differed from all Churchmen upon the grounds of their belief and the founda tions of their power. He was upon all religion, natural and revealed, a disbeliever, rather than an unbeliever, rejecting the evidence of the former, and declaring it to be wholly in sufficient to prove the existence of a Deity or the immorta lity of the soul ; and holding the statements upon which the latter rests to be not only false but impossible. This is not scepticism, but dogmatism. It is the assertion that of a miracle there can be no proof; that ofa God and future state there is no proof —no reason whatever to believe it. This, then, is atheism as m uc h as any person o f sound mind can hold the opinion, and this ought constantly to be exposed as such and refuted. Fortunately there are the means of tri umphant refutation ; for upon natural religion the whole argument of Mr. Hume rests upon an entire misconception of the nature of inductive reasoning ; and it is not too much to affirm that if he had ever attended to any branch of natural philosophy he could not have fallen into so mani fest an error. There is no one part of the argument which would not destroy all inductive science; all generalization would be put an end to; experiment -1 inquiry must stand still; no step could be made, no conclusion drawn, beyond the mere facts observed, and the science mast be derived from the process or general reasoning upon particular facts, into the bare record of those particular facts themselves. The late discoveries in fossil osteology afford additional proofs of Mr. Hume's hasty assumptions both on the ques tion of a Providence or that of miracles. It is now proved by evidence which he must have admitted to be sufficient, that at one remote period in the history of our globe there was an exertion of creative power to form the human and cer tain other races not before existing; so that he must have believed in the miracle of creation—that is, the interposi tion of a Being poweitirenough to suspend the established order of things, and make a new one. The argument rests on the same grounds as to a future state, in so far as lie denies the proof of a power to continue the soul apart from the body,' But there is this material difference in the evidence, that an induction is conclusive as to the exist-, ence of the Deity, and the independent and separate nature of the soul, but only proves the probability of its continued existence. Its entirely different, nature from matter, as shown in the quickness of its opera tions, its independence of the body, proved by the faculties ometimes becoming stronger as the body decays—above all, its surviving the complete change of the body, so that hardly a particle of the corporeal - frame remains while the mind continues unchanged, unless perhaps by gai n i ng strength—all demonstrate its different constitution and its independent existence ; and, as there is no one example of annihilation in the universe—what is termed destruction being only dissolution and new combination, and the soul, from the singleness of its n a t ure without parts, being inca pable of such destruction—we are left to infer, from the prevalence of benevolent design in all the Creator's works, that He will continue what He has formed, and so largely endowed, and so bountifully cherished. It is not, perhaps, just to consider Mr. Hume's unfortunate views as adopted from the desire to take a line different from the com monly received opinions, though the force of this temp tation to a young author may have been naturally enough suspected. But th a t hi s po li t i ca l pre j ud i ces biassed his mind can hardly be doubted. He had formed the worst opinion of the Commonwealth men in the 17th century, and of their successors the Whigs in his own day, and the fanaticism of the former gave him a prejudice against their religious principles, like that of the Tories and Free thinkers in Queen Anne's time. His inaccuracy as an his torian, from his Tory prejudices and his habitual careless ness, is now universally admitted ; indeed, even where he had no bias of opinion or feeling to mislead him, that inac curacy appears manifest, as in the suppression of all men tion of the Limoges massacre when de scr ibi ng th e Bl ac k Prince's whole conduct through life as without a stain. Of the like carelessness in some instances, and prejudices in others, his writings on religious subjects give constant proofs. The entire misapplication of Archbishop Tillot son's argument on the real presence is one instance, and the perversion or ignorance of inductive science is another ; to which may be added his failing to observe that the argu ment against miracles would apply to cases of test imony which may be put as quite decisive, and which he himself must have admitted. The admirable style of this great author, and his acuteness and ingenuity, have only in his religious and historical works served for the'propagat.ion of error; and the contrast is very remarkable which they pre sent to his writings on subjects of which he had made him self master, and on which he had no bias to mislead him. In his political discourses, when he was only in search of truth, and uninfluenced by the authority of p ar ti cu l ar inte rests, he first unfold e d and enforced the sound principles which guide the commercial policy of modern times. It would be impossible too highly to commend these discourses, or too steadily to keep in view the cause of their superiority to his other works. Greatly as thiscelebration writer is to beblamed for the rashness of his speculations, and his yieldi ng t o t h e bias which appea r tt o h ave influenced him in these and other inquiries, he is almost entirely free from the charge justly made against Voltaire and his contemporaries, some of whoin, as Voltaire himself, were deists, of treating these matters with ridicule, or with ribaldry, or with a l e vity wholly unsuited to the sacred subject, and fitted only to inflict pain upon conscientious believers. With the excep tion of a sentence or two in the "Essay .on Miracles" his writings preserve the most u n b ro k en gravity, crud indeed the seriousness which is so becoming, The same praise belongs to Rousseau, who, indeed, was a reluctant nn • believer; but, having none of that reasoning p ower w hi c h llama possessed and abused, his unbelief is less to be cen sured. It has been deemed necessary to state these things respecting Mr. flume in order that his authority may be reduced to i's just dimensions, especially with young men, led away by his gnat name, and his incontestably great merits in some important particulars. But, beside counter acting that influence, the studies themselves in which he has been the promoter of error are of such vast importance —one of them the most P:eportant of all—that no pains can be deemed too great, no care too unremitting , to exclude false doctrine, a n d i ncu l cate sound opinions. 'Nor is it only in teaching divitfty, technically so called, in unfolding the truths of resealed religion, that this duty can be discharged. The great doctrines of Natural Theology demand the closest attention, and afford the most valuable support to teachers of the revealed Wonl. Nothing can be more ground less than the jealousy sometimes felt, but oftener professed, of natural religion by the advocates of revealed ; Bacon, who. had his prejudices on the subject of final causes, occesioned by the abuse of that doctrine, describes natural religion as "the key of revealed, which," he says, " opens our understanding to the genuine spirit of the Scriptures, unlocking our belief, so that we may enter upon the serious contemplation of the Divine Power, the characters of which are so deeply engraver in the works of the cite tion."—De Dig. et Aug. Lib. 61. Newton has said "de Dee, de quo ea pha,norninis di3e rere ad philosc,phiam naturalom pertinet."—Principia Schol. Gee. Locke de clares " that he who would take away reason to make way for revelation puts out the light of both, as if we should persuade a man to put out his eye the better to receive the remote light of an invisible Aar by a telescope." —Hum. (Jude,-. /V 19, 4. And Tillotson, in his great sermons preached before the King and Queen upon the occasion of the naval victory in 1672, affirms that " the principles of natural religion ate the foundation of that which is revealed." It is therefore most desirable that a line of demarcation should not be drawn by the teachers of revealed religion so as to exclude from their province the great truths of natural religion, as the subject of deep and continual attention ; and the teachers of the latter and of moral philosophy generally ought to be less shy than they too often are (not Paley, however) of a refer• vice to the truths of the Gospel dispensation. That dis pensation may.be safely rested upon its own proofs; but, should the weight of authority be required in its favour, we may assuredly ask if any one can pretend to be a better judge of physical and mathematical evidence than Sir Isaac Newton, of moral evidence than Mr. Locke, of le gal evi dence than Lo r d H a l e, a ll o f w h om, an i a ft er full inquiry, were firm believers of the Gospel truths. But not only is the habit to be deplored of drawing a line between theology and the other branches of learning, it is equally necessary that no line should be drawn between these and natural religion. There is hardly any head of philosophy which is net connected , with it; and these sciences, as well as natural re ligion, must gain by keepi ng t hi s coon, ction constantly in view, and not considering that to treat of the one subject we must go out of the other. The wonders of the natural world have in all ages been dwelt upon es showing the hand of the Creator and freserver at every step of ourinnuiries; and each discovery nas added to the devout confidence of the student. For instance, the late proof of the stability of the universe, so little suspecteZ afore our day that men argue on the ne cessity of interference to retain the planets in their path, ha.s thus afforded a very striking illustration of the rational optimism which is the best solution of the ancientbut-con stantly recurring question 1160ev rd xcucOv. Thus, the natural theology stands at the head of all sciences,from the sublime and elevating nature of its objects. It tells of the creation of all things, of the mighty power that fashioned and sustains the universe, of the exquisite skill that con trived the wings and beak and feet of insects, invisible to the naked eye, and that lighted the lamp of day, and launched into space comets myriads of times larger than the earth, whirling 10,000 times swifter than a cannon ball, and 2,000 times hotter than red-hot iron. It passes the bounds of material existence, and raises us from the creation to the Author of Nature. Its office is not only to mark what things are, but for what purpose they were made by the infi nite wisdom of an all-powerful Being, with whose existence and attributes its high prerogative is to bring us acquainted. If we prize,and justly, the delightful contemplations of the other sciences, if we hold it a marvellous gratification to have ascertained exactly the swiftness of the remotest planets, the number of grains that a piece of lead would weigh at their surfaces, and the degree in which each has become flat tened in shape by revolving on its axis, it is surely a yet more noble employment of our faculties, and a still higher privilege of our nature, humbly but confidently . to ascend il.om the universe to its great first cause, and investigate the unity, the personality, the intentions, as well as the matchless skill and mighty power of Him who made and moves and sustains those prodigious bodies, and all that inhabit them. But moral science lends liberally the same lights and bestows the same enjoyments. For He also created the mind of man, bestowed upon him a thinking, a reasoning, and a feeling nature, placed him in a universe of wonders, endowed him with faculties to comprehend them, a- d to rise by his meditations tom knowledge of their Di vine cause. The connection of attention with memory, the helps furnished by the influence of curiosity and the force of habit, the uses to which the feelings and the passions are subservient—as love to the continuance of the race, the affections to the rearing of it, hope to encourage and sustain; fear to protect from danger—all the instincts of all creatures in some acting with a marvellous accuracy such as reason could not surpass, and all perfectly suited to the position of the individuals—these are not more marvels of Divine skill than of the benevolence which pervades all creation, moral as well as material. But societies of men, even in his social capacity, are the special object of Divine care—"Nihil est principi illi Deo qui omnem hunc mundum regit quod qui dem. in terris fiat acceptius quam concilia costusque homi num jure sociall quay civitates appellantur."—Cic., Somn. Scip. And the same pleasing and useful effects result from the study of man in his social as in his individual state, and from a contemplation of the structure and functions of the political world. The nice adaptation of our species for the secial state, the increase of our power as well as the multiplication of our comforts and our enjoyments by union of purpose and of action, the subserviency of the laws governing the nature and motions of the natural world to the uses of man in his social condition, the tendency of his mental faculties and moral feelings to further the progress of social improvement, the predisposi tion of political combinations, even in unfavourable circum stances, to produce good and the inherent powers by which evil is avoided, compensated. and repaired ; the singular laws, partly physical and partly moral, by which the num bers of mankind are maintained and the balance of the sexes preserved with unerring uncertainty—these form only a portion of the marvels to which the eye of the political ob server is pointed, and by which his attention is arrested ; for there is hardly any one political arrangement which, by its structure and formation, does not shed a light on the capabilities of human nature, and illustrate the powers and the wonders of the Providence to which man looks up as his maker and preserver. But most important, and to our feeble nature most consolatory, is the impression which all our study of this vast subject leaves of perfect wisdom being accompanied by constant benevolence. _ This is de clared by all the works around us, and is deeply felt in all the sentiments of our mind. We find everywhere proofs that we live under a ruler who, unlike human lawgiv.rs, far oftener proclaims rewards than de nounces punishments. Furthermore, it is a general rule, and would be found absolute and universal, if our knowledge embraced the whole system, that while pleasure is held out to induce much more than pain to deter, the pleasure is be yond what would suffice, there is some gratification more than requisite. And this can only be because the giver of good delights in the happiness of his creatures. Such con templations at once gratify a scientific curiosity and afford a moral indulgence. They prove that the awful Being, of whose existence we are made certain, and whom we know as our Creator, is the good Being by whose preserving care we are cherished, and sentiments of piety andodevotion arise to fill our minds which he only can reject who has the faith of Epicurus and the feelings of a Stoic. The thorough expos ing of these truths and dwelling incessantly upon them is not required for supporting the character of this famous Uni versity, but it must afford pure delight both to the teacher and the student. Above all, the necessity of making upon the mind of early youth an impression which never can wear out by lapse of time, or be effaced by the rival influences of other contemplations or be oblite rated by the cares of the world. The lessons thus learned, and the feelin g s engendered or cherished, will shed th e i r auspicious influence over the mind through life ; protecting against the seductions of prosperous fortune, solacing in affliction, preparing for the great change that must close the scene by habitual and confident belief in the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the o n ly wise G o d, an d i n th e humble hope of immortality which the study of His works has in spired, and which the gracious announcements of His re vealed will abundantly confirm. The delivery of Lord Brougham's address was frequently interrupted by applause, and at its conclusion his lordship sat down amid enthusiastic and prolonged cheering. In the evening Lord Brougham was entertained to dinner by the Senatus Academicus in the Hopetoun Rooms, and he afterwards attended an evening party in the palace of Holy rood House, given by Lady Belhaven, which was largely at tended by the nobility and gentry residing in and around Edinburgh, by various distinguished strangers from a dis tance, and by members of the General Assembly of th., Church of Scotland. BENSON'S WATCHES " Perfection of mechanism."—Morning Post. Gold Silver 2 to 50 guineas. Send 2 atarnpB for Benson's illustrated Pamphlet, deseep dye of every construction of watch now made, with their prices Witte' es rent to all parts of the kingdom free by post, or to India and the Colonies for ss. extra. 33 ar.•l 34, Lud.late-hill, London, E.C. Established 1749. rtiFATRE-ROYAL, lIAYMARKET. Lcseee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. Tfi iS EVENING., will be performed THE FAMILY SECRET. Messrs. Chippendale, Howe, W. Farrell, Villiers, Buckstore, Mrs. B. White, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, Mrs. Wilkins, and Miss Amy Sedg, , wizk. After which, A CURE FOR. LOVE. Mr. Buckstone. To conclude with THE BOARDING SCHOOL. 0 YAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE.- 01.1 Lessee, Kr. A. Harris. THIS EVENING, OTIIELLO. Mr. Phelps. To conclude with the extravaganza of THE SYLPHIDE. Hiss C. Leelereq. Miss Louise Keeley, Miss Helen Howard, Hiss Rose Leelcrcq, Mr. Shore, Mr. Saker, and Mr. Frank aatthews, Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE.- OPERA COMIQUF. Under the management of M. LAURENT, Sen. THIS EVENING, the first representation of Ambroise Thomas's favourite Opera Boutfe, in two acts, LE CAID : Virginia, Madame Faure. To conclude with LES DEUX DIVORCES. Commence at eight o'clock. EL PII 1", NEW THEATRE-ROYAL. Sole eroprletor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. iZe-apper.eance of Mr. and Mrs. A. Wigan—Third week of the populae American Actress, klis7Juila Daly, THIS CVENING (sixth' time), ITS AN ILL WIND THAT BLOWS NOBODY GOOD. Messrs. Alfred Wigan, J. L, Toole, Stuart, Killington, C. J. Smith, Ward, Mrs. A. Wigan, and Miss H. Simms.. After whic-h, OUR FEMALE AMERICAN COUSIN. Messrs. Stuart, C. Selby, Killington, Eburne, Miss Julia Daly, K. Kelly, Laidlaw, and Mrs. Chatterley. To conclude with THE BIRTHPLACE OF PODGERS. Massrs. J. L. Toole, Eburne ; Mrs Chatterly, Miss K. Kelly Box-office open from 10 till 5. Private boxes, £2 28. ; Family Boxes, £l. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Balcony, .Is. ; Front Circle Stalls, 3s. ; Pit Stalls, 25.; Pit, is. 6d. ; Amphitheatre, is ; Gallery, 6d. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. P OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King-street, St. James's. Lessee, Mr. T. B. Chatter ton. Directress, Miss Wyndham. The nearest Theatre to Chelsea, Pimlico, and Westminster, the Park being open to carriages and foot passenzers all hours of the night. THIS ISTICIING the performaneee will commence with a new and original comedy, entitled A FRIEND IN NEED. Ri..binson, C. Young, &c. To be lorow.xl by DIDO. Atter which, A MANGE OF SYSTEM. Reduced Prices—Gallery, 6(1; Pit, is. The Box-office open from 11 to 5 daily. Doors open at hall-past six; perform %nee commences at 7. FRENCH PLAYS, P V OYAL ST. JAMES'S THEATRE, King street, St. James's. Lessee Mr. F. B. CitATTEnToN. Fl RST SEASON OF THE FRENCH PERFORMANCES, under the direction of Mons. ADRIEN TALEXY. Mons. TAT, ts:XY has the honour to inform the Nobility and Gentry, that he has concluded arrangements to insure a permanent First-class French Dramatic Entertainment at the ROYAL :iT. JAMES'S THEATRE. Ile respectfully sub mits the programme for the First Season, which is about to commence, and hopes that the selection of the following dis tinguished Artistes will be considered sufficient evidence of the care and attention devoted to the undertaking. The following eminent Artistes from the principal theatres of Paris will make their appearance during the season : Mademoiselle DELPHINE FIX. Mlle. ADELE PAGE. Mademoiselle DUVERGER. Mademoiselle MARIE BAST A. Madame DOCHE. 31. GOT. M. BR INDEAU. M. LECLERE. M. PAUL DEVAITX. 31. A. MICHEL. CADAUX CHEF-D'ORCHESTRE. 31. LAMBERT EDNNERY. and will comprise many of the most efficient The permanent troupe will be on the m ie o n s t t Ar com ti p st l e e s te o s f ea th le e Parisian Theatres. Admission—ey2stalleGsadie'Orireesh, l es s t . r_e, 7s. 6d. ; Stalles dePllariclecs of A on ss. . . Private Boxes from TWo duineas upWards. The Season will consist of Sixty Nights, commencing on Monday, May the 2.3 th, 1810. l'rivate Boxes and terms of Subscription may be obtained at the Box-Office of the Theatre, at the Libraries and Booksellers. A STLE Y'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.- Proprietor, Mr. WIT. BATTY. Thirty-seventh Night of the GREAT MILITARY SPEC ( TAC LE. In compliance with numerous-inquiries at the Box Office, the Management has arranged to give Four Grand Mid-day Performances during the Whitsun Holidays, viz.— , on Whit-Monday, May 28th, Tuesday, 29th, Thursday, 31st, and Saturday, June 2d. The Entertainments wit , consist of a Recherche Display of Equestrian Performances and a L'g-ht pleasing Dramatic Piece ; commencing each day at Two o'Clock. On MONDAY, MAY 21, 1860, and during the Week, The Grand Hippo-Drama. " THIS HISTORY OF A FLAG." Wondrous Scenes in the Cirque, supported by the most talented Equestrian and Gymnastic Artistes in the World. Concluding C itli a Laughable Farce. The magnificent Chan•'eliers manufactured by Messrs. De ities aad Sons, Houndsditch. Doo: a open at half-past e, performance commence at 7. Box .01fice open daily from 11 till 4. Stage —ager—Mr. W. WEST. . THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 21, 1860, cANTERBURY HALL CONCERTS.- THIS EVENING, C. H. GOUNOD'S OPERA, FAUST. First Time in this Country. Faust Mr. Henry Herbert. Mephistopheles Mr. C. Bernard. Siobel Mrs. Anderson. Marguerite Conductor Mr. Jonghmans. And selections from Dinorah, Trovatore, Macbeth, and numerous other Entertainments. Balcony, ls, Hall. 6d. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), and W. T. Critchfield. The AFRICAN OPERA T itOUPE, their first appearance since 1852, consisting of ELEVEN STAR PERFORMERS, who will give the whole of their inimitable entertainment every evening. The gallery is open from 5 till 11 on Sunday Evening. THE WEATHER.—SuN OrncE, MAY 20, 1860. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADS. 68 —highest since noon yesterday. 52—lowest this morning and during the night. - 69—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.21. WlND—Easterly; fresh, with fine warm weather. MAY 21. THERMOMETER, IN TILE SHADE. 71—highest since noon yesterday. 53 —lowest this morning and during the night. 69—this day at noon. BARaYLETER-30.43. WIND--South-Easterly; light, with very fine weather. RIGA WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. ruts Day.—Morning, 2h. 2m.—Afternoon, 2h. 21m To-monsow.-Morning, 2h. 40m.—Afternoon, 21. 59m 4.-?? tvpj, a , .. -., ; ~,, ~,...- ..,0-, 4 . , ..., ) k , 5 , ...,.pi,...,,...„ • , , .... - • ..,..,,, ~ •4, :I , k_ , ---- 4 , "rg tr ..Til 6%; 1. ' 3 '° . 4 ' nno rr 12 '4 O • --,.... THE SUN. LONDON, MONDAY, MAY 21, 1860. Englishmen are not accustomed to concede to threats. An " unprotected female," just alighted from a cab, may, without loss of honour, pay the driver who becomes noisy his extravagant demand ; but the English man, who would willingly have given sixpence or a shilling over out of mere good feeling, calculates the exact fare, and says—" No, Mr. Cabby, as yoti threaten, not one penny shall you have beyond your due ; there it is, and there's my card, and summon me if you dare." Now, the House of the Lords is certainly not in the case of the " unprotected female"—it deems itself the re presentative of all that perUtins to the best blood of England; and, from the schoolboy and the labourer, to the octogenarian and the duke, that blood boils with indignation, or flows along un moved, before a threat. Even the superior who resorts, needlessly, to threats, is not the governor for free Englishmen ; but the equal, or inferior, who ventures on it, must, like Cabby, expect to be the loser. We believe that the threateners have done very much towards the loss of the Paper Duties Repeal Bill. They have aroused the hostile spirit of the Lords. Denunciations of "usur pation," and of being regarded "as an obvious anomaly in a free constitution," are not exactly the kind of arguments ;likely to move British peers--except in the wrong direction. We have heard a story of an examiner at Surgeon's Hall putting to a young student the question, "Now, sir, if I were to send my foot sharply against your os coxeygis, what muscles should I put in motion ?" " The flexors and extensors, sir, of my right arm," was the prompt reply. Very much like this was Lord DERBY'S prompt reply to Sergeant PARRY. If gentlemen chose to hold this language to the leader of the Opposition, the leader of the Oppo• sition could retort—Then, gentlemen, we will use our power ; be it anomalous or usurping, or be it what it may ; we have it, and we will lat you see that we have it. The truth is, the tactics of the Repealers have quite ruined their cause. Their case may be as good as ever, but they have acted as if it were a bad one. They have placed the Lords in the position of being unable to retreat with out dishonour. If they do not now follow Lord DERBY, they will seem either to act themselves under the influEnce of fear, or to suggest the idea that Lord DERBY himself dreaded the consequence of rejection, and advised his own supporters to leave him in a minority. A worse policy there cannot be, than to break down the bridges behind a foe whom you cannot overpower or crush, but whom you may induce to retreat. "Build a golden bridge for a retreating enemy," said one of the greatest of Generals—•the Paper Duties repealers have left none for the Lords but the Coward's Bridge. We may be. sure they will not retreat by that. It is too late now, but how easily might a quite different policy have been adopted—and it would, we believe, have been a successful The appeal might have been, and as we maintain, should have been, to the good feel ing of the Lords; an appeal, ad miserecordiam, if any please so to term it. The right of the Lords to refuse to repeal any Act of Parliament—to re peal, in fact, any part of the laws of the realm— might have been acknowledged, and the long usage in regard to all bills affecting taxation might then have been urged with a good grace: Sergeant PARRY himself was obliged to admit the strict legal right, which the language of his memorial more than tacitly denied. Then, how gracefully might the memorial have urged the hardship of dis appointing the hopes of those who had so long been seeking the remission of the duty, at the stage when, in modern history at least, those who have sought the repeal of taxes had never been repulsed. " You one. did not use your power against the repealers of the duties on bricks, glass, timber, leather, beer—and a hundred other things. Why single us out as victims ? This might have told. The parcere victis might have beseemed the peers towards those who did not attack their order and their rights; but, the debellare superbos must be their feeling to wards the deputation which carried it so high handedly in the memorial they presented, and in the public meeting from which they came. We also fear that those who advocate the Repeal of the Paper Duties will find that Lord DERBY is right on one point—that the country at large would have much preferred a repeal of the war taxes on sugar and tea. That would be a direct and tangible benefit to every family in the kingdom, and even to every widow and dressmaker living at lodgings. The repeal of the Paper Duties would be a benefit to a single class only. It might benefit, it may be said, the workman by increasing demand for labour in the manfucture of paper, but it would not do that more than does the repeal of almost any tax. The increased con• sumption of tea and sugar, for instance, consequent on reduction of duties, would increase the demand for British manufactures, and with it the de mand for British labour to pay for them ; even if we paid for them in gold or silver, we must buy that gold or silver with manufactures, since we have no diggings from which ft> pick it up without labour. The class of newspaper and cheap litera ture publishers would be, doubtless, the class which would pocket the lost revenue, which the public must make good by an increased income tax, and the duty on their class of paper is but a small por tion, perhaps about a third of the total amount. In the coarser kinds of paper the expense of the duty, as a charge for package, is hardly felt at all, and will oartainly not be half each a nuisance in trade as the Chancellor of the Exchequer's penny stamps. It is of no use now to lament the result. It has been a good case most foolishly mismanaged. We must console ourselves with what, we fear, is an absolute certainty, that if the tax had been re pealed, we should have had to pay not only the additional penny income-tax, of which Lord DERBY says the House of Lords had no knowledge—no technieal knowledge ho can only mean—but also another penny, and more probably twopence, in 1861. Indeed, it is the odious, because unjust, and unadjusted income-tax, which may in part answer for the MONTEAGLE-DERBY motion, and the almost certain fate of the bill. The Lords foresee that property is to become more and more henceforth the resource of our Chancellors of the Exchequer. Almost all indirect taxes have vanished. The few which are left yield, indeed, a splen did revenue, and may yet produce more, but it is evident that the . conflict be tween indirect and direct taxation is drawing nearer than their lordships wish, and in that con flict they will have the support of the people, almost solely because Mr. GLADSTONE refuses to make the slightest attempt at equitable adjustment. In the repeal of a duty which has brought on all of us one penny in the pound more income-tax, while only a very small class will derive any benefit from it, it is hardly to be expected that the general public will take much interest. The City of London on Saturday last testified in a very striking manner, through the medium of its chief magistrate and of the other leading officials of this our ancient metropolitan municipality, the admiration with which the citizens of the capital of the British Empire regard the distinguished gallantry of Sir LEOPOLD MTLINTOCK and his Arctic companions. It was not only that during the afternoon of Saturday, the Freedom of the City, appropriately contained in a gold mounted oak box, was formally presented to Sir LEOPOLD in the Guildhall—this presentation being accompanied by the delivery of a heart-stirring eulogistic ad dress by the City Chamberlain—but later on in the evening the gallant Commander of the , Fox (together with those brave officers of his who were his shipmates upon that most memorable ex pedition), was sumptuously entertained at a ban quet given in his especial honour in the Egyptian hall at the Mansion-house by the Right llon. the Lord Mayor. In the record of the present Mayoralty, the proceedings of Saturday will demand, what they eminently well deserve, an express and peculiar commemoration. Those proceedings were not only complimentary to Sir LEOPOLD M'CLINTOCK—they were also, and in a very marked manner, commemo rative of Sir JOHN FRANKLIN. And it is parti cularly - worthy of remembrance, that in the course of one of the brief after-dinner speeches of Satur day, a suggestion was thrown out incidentally by one of the old and tried friends of our heroic and lamented FRANKLIN, which we do earnestly trust may be forthwith eagerly taken up by the com munity at large, and carried out at once and with enthusiasm. It was a very just and a very mason • able proposition. It was the proposal made by Sir RODERICK MURCHISON, that a fitting statue of the last, and perhaps the greatest of all our Arctic Navi gators, should be erected by public subscription— a colossal statue in bronze or marble, upon the pedestal of which should be inscribed, grandly and tersely : SIR JOHN FRANKLIN, THE DISCOVERER OF THE NORTH-WEST PASSAGE. The most appropriate site, even, was distinctly pointed out on Saturday by Sir RODERICK MURCHI SON, who not unreasonably proposed that this statue of FRANKLIN should be raised to his honour and in his memory at the foot of Lord NELS..N'S pillar in Trafalgar-square—FRANKLIN having been among the number of NELSON'S sea lions upon two of his immortal victories. We who have raised a statue commemorative of the gallant BELLOT ought surely to do the same by our own heroic countrymen. We ought to remember that, in the cause of science, in the interests of commerce, for the furtherance of our maritime glory, Sir JOHN FRANKLIN and his dauntless tars sacrificed their lives, and did so, moreover, in a manner that it is absolutely fright. ful to contemplate. The relics that were brought home within this last year by the Fox, under the command of Captain (now Sir LEOPOLD) M'CLIN TOCK, have told dumbly, but, ah ! how eloquently, how truly frightful must have been the slow dying out of the last moments of that doomed expedition. The skeleton in the boat, the gun by its side, the mouldering fragments of the Bible, the little pen cilled scraps of diary, all the inanimate souvenirs of those dead, starved, frozen, navigators have told us only too plainly the awful story of their gradual destruction. We who cannot now welcome Sir JOHN FRANKLIN back to the honours he had so heroically earned, will surely now give to his me mory, ungrudgingly, the tribute of this monumental homage. Sir RODERICK MURCIIISON has, in making the proposition, only given Utferanee to the wishes of many hundreds and thousands. It is a hint that will surely be taken by the public at large, and one that can hardly fail to be vely rapidly realised. And when realised—when this bronze or marble effigy of FRANKLIN hits been placed upon its granite pedestal in Trafalgar square—no other individual could more fittingly than Sir RODERICK MURCHISON himself preside over the customary ceremonial of inauguration. As President of the Royal Geographical Society, he was, as he reminded us on Saturday evening towards the close of the Mansion House Banquet — he was the last to bid Sir JOHN FRANKLIN God speed on his departure from the shores of England —he (Sir RODERICK) being also now the first to propose the tardy tribute of this posthumous testi monial. Meanwhile her most Gracious MAJESTY has accorded the honour of the noblest welcome of all from her royal hand, to the valiant sailor who, while in command of the Fox, brought to light at last the fate of Sir JOHN FRANKLIN and his compa nions. Upon the return home of that brave sea Captain, her MAJESTY at once bestowed upon LEOPOLD M'CLINTOCK the Queenly grat ings of the knightly accolade. And the City of London has now, in due course, as befits the Capital of the Empire, welcomed Sir LEOPOLD, first in the Guildhall of the municipality, and after.- wards in the home of her Chief Magistrate. This welcome, to say the least of it, was anything but Arctic, It was worthy of the occasion—worthy alike of the City of London's chief guest on Satur day and of her Chief Magistrate. BIOGIIAPHT OF THWIAS HOOD.—The reading world will be rejoices to learn th ‘t the memorials of the gifted author of the "Song of the Shirt" are about to be published. They consist almost entirely of the letters of the earnest philanthropist, which have been collected, edited, and arranged by his daughter, with a preface and notes by his sou, Mr. Thomas Hood, Liskeard. The com pilation has been a task ofj filial affaction, and we are glad that it has fallen into the hands of hood's children. With instinctive perception of what he would have wished, were he alive, they have dedicated the work "To the People." The frontispiece will be a fac-simile of Hood's sketch of his own monument, ma'e during. his last illness, and there will be vignettes from his unpublished sketches, with a fac simile of a sheet from his MS. of " The Song of the Shirt." Meson is the publither, and Bradbury and Evans are the prhaters.—Plymouth journal. GARIBALDI TESTIMONIAL. TO THE EDITOR OF TIIE SUN. Sin,—Thc absolute respect for the law, even when it opposes our convictions, is one of the main guarantees for our liberty. Now, the lawyers, and those who arc not law yers, in the House of Commons having decided that the action of subscribing to aid the insurrec tion in Sicily is illegal, I would suggest a means whereby the law will be respected, at the same time that a vent will be afforded for the generosity of British hearts—l propose to raise a fund for a testimonial to Garibaldi. Let free England show, by an imposing mani festation, her admiration for the patriot, her hatred for the tyrant. A meeting will be held in St. Martin's Hall on Tuesday evening, the 22d. Lists of subscriptions will be opened for the Garibaldi Testimonial, which will be forwarded to him by an English committee. Let every town, every parish in the kingdom unite in the movement ; and de pend upon it, sir, this mighty manifestation of English sympathies will produce an influence for good throughout all Europe. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, T. D. P. HODGE, Hon, Sec. May 19. METROPOLITAN BOARD OF WORKS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—By a bill now before Parliament brought in by the above Board, it is sought to take from the overseers and vestries of all parishes in London, except the very large ones, the power of making and collecting the General Rate, Sewer Rate, and Metropolis Main Drainage Rates, and to transfer such power to the District Board of Works. The object of this is quite plain, the District Boards are much under the control of the Central Board, which the vestries are not. Let the ratepayers look to themselves and oppose the bill by petitioning Parliament. I am, Sir, Yours obediently, ONE WHO DISLIKES CENTRALIZATION. LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : NAPLES, SATURDAY EVENING. It is asserted here that the fight at Calatafani was not decisive. The Neapolitan troops re-entered Palermo. Two columns of 3,000 men each have been sent to pursue the insurgents. It is estimated that 6,000 Sicilians have joined the Garibaldians. NAPLES, MAY 20, 9.40 P.M. (OFFICIAL.) No other. encounter has taken place between the royal troops and the Garibaldians. Two strong columns are pursuing the remnants of the dispersed Garibaldians. The inhabitants remain tranquil. The ardour and the: valour of the troops are beyond ail praise. NAPLES, MAY 15 (via MARSEILLES.) M. de Carafa has remitted a circular to the diplo matic corps, bitterly accusing the Piedmontese Go vernment of having, notwithstanding its promise, allowed bands of volunteers to be enrolled, armed, and despatched to Sicily. M. de Carafa adds that this violent attack against international law ex poses Italy to sanguinary anarchy, and compro mises the whole of Europe. He throws the respon sibility on the authors and accomplices of such criminal actions. The Marquis de Villamarina has, in the name of Sardinia, protested against this accusation, which he says is false and inju rious. It is believed that Garibaldi will land in Calabria. PARIS, MAY 20. The Illoniteur of this morning announces that in the last sitting of the legislative body the project of law relative to sugar and coffee was agreed to by 233 against 3 votes. The Afoniteur also states that the Emperor, having returned from Motte Beuvron, prebidcd yesterday at a Council of Ministers. PARIS, MAY 19. The Petrie says the statement that the division Bazaine had received counter orders is incorrect. This division will enter Paris on the 26th inst. PARIS, MAY 19. The Patric of to-day, in speaking of the affair at Calatafani, says :—" The volunteers having been attacked with great vigour, energetically defended themselves, and effected h retreat in good order, leaving behind a certain number of killed. Accord ing to the last advices, the insurrection was being extended and organised in a great many directions!' The same journal adds that when the detachments which are being organised will have joined the volunteers who disembarked at Marsala, the whole body will number about 12,000 men, all armed and well provisioned. TURIN, MAY 19, Adviccs from Naples to the 16th inst. state that the 6th Regiment refused to fire at the people on the occasion of the demonstration of the 13t1_i inst. Government intends to appoint Count Trani Viceroy of Sicily, and to grant a general amnesty when the insurrection is suppressed. TURIN, MAY 19. The committee appointed by the Ch amber of Deputies to consider the treaty of the 24th March have had a conference with Count Cavour. The Liritto, an opposition organ, says-:—" The explanations given by the Minister are not satis factory to the opposition party. The Minister, on being requested by the committee to communi cate the diplomatic correspondence, replied that he had no other documents than those already published. As regards the questions of the boun dary, the public debt, and the railways of Savoy, Count Cavour declared that negotiations were still pending with France, but nothing had been defini tively settled. The committee then demanded the purpose and the influence of the treaty upon the future of Italy. The Minister replied that the treaty was a grievous necessity." TURIN, MAY 19. Besides the Bishop of Faenza and the Vicar of Bologna, proceedings are being taken against the Bishop of Imola. The Archbishop of Pisa, having refusei to submit to the orders of the Government, is to be conveyed by force to Turin. MARSEILLES, MAY 19. Adviccs from Aleppo to the 28th April state that an address had been posted up at the gates inciting the inhabitants to massacre the Christians. The governor, who has 800 men and cannon, had inter fered and arrested the principal leaders. The gar rison was considered insufficient. The Christians, being unarmed, feared a fresh explosion of fana ticism. ALEXANDRIA, MAY 13. Heavy rains have carried away a portion of the railway between Cairo and Suez. Travellers to and from India have thereby been delayed two days. The official French mission for the exploration of the Red Sea has been well received by Said Pacha. MADRID, MAY 19. Elio embarked to-day for France. The Correspondenci a Autografa says :-- 7 =" It is not true that Government will propose, and the Senate vote, the 'abrogation of the law excluding Count Montemolin from the throne of Spain." THE BOMBAY MAILS. The Panther, with the above mails, arrived at Marseilles at 11 p.m. on the 19th inst. The mails left for London 'at midnight. IRISH TRAMWAYS BILL. This measure has been before three sessions of Parliament—the late Sir Robert Ferguson, when living, having taken a great interest in it. The Select Committee now sitting have not taken evi dence; this is the more to be regretted, as a Blue Book on the subject would have given very valu able information on a system as yet untried here, but largely carried out in the United States, where NO miles are laid through the chief cities. The Irish press, metropolitan and provincial, speak of it as an act which will benefit the country. Many of the Grand Juries have reported strongly in its favour. In The Sun of the 14th we gave that of Mr. It. A. Gray, C.E., to the Dublin Grand Jury, which is well ;yeah the attention of the surveyers of highways, as well as the metro politan Commissioners, our suburbs affording many roads on which tramways could be introduced. Sir Edward Colebrooke has got leave to introduce a bill for Scotland, and unless Col. French, Col. Greville, and the promoters of the Irish bill make some greater exertions, they are likely to be left behind by their more "canny" Scotch neighbours. The Government should take it up and have it speedily enacted. Her Majesty, the Prince Consort, and the Royal Family leave town this day for Osborne, to spend a few days. A select few, forming the immediate circle of the Court, are invited to keep the Queen's' birthday. The Duchess of Kent, with the Prince and Princess of Leinin gen, it is expected, will join her Majesty at Osborne.— Court Journal. • The Earl and Countess of Dunraven and family have arrived at Farrance's Hotel, the new family mansion at Buckingham-gate not being quite ready for their recep tion. _ _ Viscount Palmerston had an audience of the Queen, on Saturday, at Buckingham Palace. Viscount diarding„e has taken a residence at Queen's-terrace, South Kensington. Viscount and Viscountess Boyne h ave arrived in Belgrave-square, for the season, from Burwarton, Shrop shire. Field-Marshal Lord Seaton, Lady Seaton, and the Hon. Misses Colborne have left Farrance's Hotel, for their seat in Devonshire. MR. MASON JONES' ORATIONS.—OR Saturday afternoon Mr Mason Jones delivered, at Willis's-rooms, in the presence of a numerous and fashionable audience, his oration "On the Life, Character, awl Genius of Dean Swift." This discourse is in all respects one of the best of Mr. Jones' series, and on Saturday it elicited applause as hearty and general as was evoked on the occasion of its original delivery last season. - _ The Rev. li Ir. Hatch, who was convicted at the Central Criminal Court, last December. for au indecent assault on Eugenie Plummer, was liberated from Newgate on Saturday. ST. GEORGE'S IN-THE-EAST.---The unseemlysdis • turbances which- have so long made this parish notorious may be considerel as now approaching their termination, the Bishop of London having on Saturday directed a moni tion to the churchwarden, forbidding the admission of the obnoxious choristers within the altar rails. Mr. Church warden Thompson, aided by his sidesmen, yesterday acted upon this monition, and the choristers were accordingly re stricted to the organ loft or the rector's pew, and no dise turbance of the service took place. SALE OF METROPOLITAN ROADS, —On Friday, at noon, the Commissioners of the Metropolis Roads north of the Thames, Lord Lonsdale in the chair, assembled at their office, Whitehall-place, for the purpose of putting up to auction the tolls arising from the several gates and bars on the lines of the roads in the district of the commissioners. 'Among the lessees present were Messrs. Bolton, Ambler, T. Taylor, &c., but there was not that full attendance of them as is usual on these occasions, and there was not mach com etition for the various lots. The following roads were put up and disposed of :—The City-road, the Marylebone and Finchley, the Kilburn, the Highgate and Hampstead, and Harrow roads. These produced nearly £9OO more than they did last year. There were five other roads, the tolls of which were to be disposed of, but in consequence of no offer being made for either of them, the sale was put off to another day. FRIGHTFUL OCCURRENCE AT CILIRRINGTON'S BREWBUY.—Mr. John Humphreys, the coroner, received information on Saturday morning respecting the death of Isaac Marshall, aged 52 years, who lost his life under the following shocking circumstances :—lt appears that the deceased had been many years in the sery co of the Messrs. Charrington and Co., the extensive brewers, of the Mile • end-road, as maltster, and on Thursday last, while he was engaged in the malt crushing room, oiling the machinery connected with the rollers, some portion of the deceased's dress became entangled in the cog-wheels, whereby he was drawn between the iron work, and before the ne could be stopped the arms and upper portions of his I ody were frightfully mutilated. An instant alarm was raises, when several persons ran to his assistance, but be fore the poor fellow could be extricated life was quite ex tinct. The deceased was a respectable man, and has left a wife and family totally unprovided for. THE LOVE OF RIBBONS AND CROSSES A UNI VERSAL Passro*—Titles are abolished; and the American Republic swarms with men claiming and bearing them. You have the French soldier cheered and happy in his dying agony, and kissing with frantic joy the chief's hand who lays the little cross on the bleeding bosom. At home you have the dukes and earls jobbing and intriguing for the Garter; the military knights grumbling at the civil knights of the Bath; the little ribbon eager for the collar; the soldiers and seamen from India and the Crimea march ing in procession before the Queen, and receiving from her hands the cross bearing her royal name. And, remember, there are not only cross wearers, but all the fathers and friends—all the women who have prayed for their absent heroes : Harry's wife, and Tom's mother, and Jack's daughter, and Frank's sweetheart, each of whom wears in her heart of hearts afterwards the badge which son, father, lover has won by his merit ; each of whom is made happy and proud, and is bound to the country by that little bit of ribbon.—Cernhill Magazine for May. THE STAR OF MIN ERVA.—Ilad the star of Minerva lasted to our present time—but I pause, not be cause the ilea is dazzling, but too awful. Fancy the claimants, and the row about their precedence I Which philosopher shall have the grand cordon ?—whieh the collar ?—which the little scrap no bigger than a buttercup ? Of the historians—A, say—and C, and F, and G, and S, and T—which shall be Companion and which Grand Owl ? Of the poets, who wears, onclaims, the largest and brightest star ? Of the novellists, there is A, and B and CD, and E (star of first magnitude, newly discovered), and F (a maga zine of wit), and fair G, and H, and I, and brave old J, and charming K, and L, and M, and N, and 0 (fair twinklers), and I am puzzled between three P's—Peacock, Miss Pardoe, and Paul Pry—and Queechy, and R, and 5, and T, mere et jils, and vety likely U, 0 gentle reader, for who has not written his novel now-a-days ?—who has not a claim to the star and straw-coloured ribbon ?—and who shall have the biggest and largest ? Fancy the struggle I Fancy the squabble I Fancy the distribution of prizes I Cornkill Magazine. NOTHING TRUE BUT TWO ANTI Two Yes, knighthood is absurd : and chivalry an idiotic superstition : and Sir Walter Manny was a zanny : and Nelson, with his flaming stars and cordons, splendent upon a day of battle, was a madman : and Murat, with his crosses and orders, at the head of his squadrons charginee victorious, was only a crazy mountebank, who had been a'tavern-waiter, and was puffed up with absurd vanity about his dress and legs. And the men of the French line at Fontenoy, who told Messieurs do la Garde" to fire first, were smirking French dancing masters; and the Black Prince, waiting upon his royal prisoner, was acting an insane masquerade ; and Chivalry is nought; and Honour is humbug; and Gentlemanhood is an extinct folly; and Ambition is madness; and desire of distinction is criminal vanity; and glory is bosh; and fair fame is idleness ; and nothing is true but two and two ; and the colour of all the world is drab; and all men arc equal; and one man is as tall as another; undone man is as good as another—and a great dale betther, as the Irish philosopher llivazine for Nay. SICILY. CONCESSION BY THE KING OF NAPLES. PARIS, MAY 20. The correspondent of the Morning Post says : —A despatch has reached M. Antonini. It an nounces that the King of Naples is to send General Filangieri, charged to offer to the Sicilians a Ge neral Amnesty, a Viceroy, and a separate Govern ment. VENETIA. Further documentary evidence of Austrian mis government in Venetia has been presented by the Central Venetian Committee sitting at Turin to the foreign legations there, as well as to the Sardinian Chambers, which at the same time received the following letters : M. le President,L-In virtue of the commission we ha:•e received we present and offer, in the name of our provinces and of the Venetian emigrants, to this•. national Parliament, in these pamphlets, the docu ments and the history of the Austrian rule in Venetia. The serious difficulties thrown in our way by the jealous vigilance of the Austrian police have not permitted us to compile a complete work and publish an uninterrupted collection of the docu ments relating to that :deplorable Governmen t. But although the collection we present . is incom plete, it will nevertheless suffice to demonstrate the incompatibility of the Austrian rule with the old and glorious traditions, with the rights, interests, and sentiments of the Venetian people, and to prove bow unworthy and unjust it would be fur a people so long civilised to be oppressed with impunity by an antinational and barbarous Government. It is a disgrace to European civilisation this ser vitude of the Venetian people. This people which knew how to maintain itself during the ruin of the Roman empire, to preserve and continue the Latin civilisation, to fight heroically against Mahometan barbarism by saving Christianity and Europe, which, when fallen not through its own fault, but that of others, was horribly oppressed and tortured, but which, nevertheless, does not coalesce with the foreigner, and sends its numerous children in crowds to fight under the flag of national independence-- this people is surely worthy of a better fate. The Italy of the Italians, proclaimed by the faith and loyalty of the magnanimous King, will not be an accomplished fact until the day when the Italian flag shall float respected on the crests of the Rhetian -and Julian Alps. May the union between the government, the parliament, and the nation, together with the courageous good sense of all, soon accomplish the sacred vow of our King, and we Venetians, having become Italians for evermore, shall hale suffered without regret. Turin, April 10, 18(30. The Central Venetian Political Committee, Sebast. Tecceio, president ; Gugl. D'Onigo, Giov. Bonollo, Andr. Menegrini, Alberto Cavelletto. To the President of the Chamber of Deputies,' Commendatore Giovanni Lanza. Mons;eur le President—The Venetians present by our hands, and offer to the national senate in these pamphlets, the documents and abridged his tory of the Austrian domination and government in Venetia. The deplorable and undeserved misfortunes of so noble a part of our common country appeal strongly enough to the hearts of all our fellow-countrymen to prevent this mourning and sham e t o b e o f long duration. The loyalty of the magnanimous King, the in telligence and courageous good sense of the govern ment and parliament, and the unanimous resolution of the nation, give the Venetians the convic tion that their martyrdom will soon be over, and that, a term being placed to the violence of the foreign, sword, justice will be revived, and that ac tivity will be resumed by the laws of July 11 and 29, whereby the national parliament and the dynasty bf Victor Emmanuel accepted the popular vote for the annexation of Venetia, receiving the Venetians as citizens of this kingdom. May this illustrions senate deign to receive favour ably in this offer the wishes of Venetia and the homage of our patriotic devotion. Turin, April 10, 1860. (Here follow the same s'gnatures.) To the President of the Senate of the Kingdom, his Excellency the Com mendatore Cesare Marquis Alfieri di Sostegno. SARDINIA. A letter from- Turin, dated May 16, says : Colonel Medici, who it was said had left with a second expeditionary force for some Ligurian or Sar dinian port, arrived yesterday at Turin, and is here at this very moment. He is considered to be as a chief next in merit to Garibaldi, and beyond a doubt could soon obtain followers. It is certain that, if the colonel could only reinforce the general with a thousand picked men, men previously under his command and on whom he could thoroughly rely, Garibaldi would then be better enabled to meet the dangers with which he is now environed. Medici says he ha's been summoned . by the Government to hear that it will not tolerate a second expedition. But then the first was not tolerated, and yet it took place. How are the authorities to prevent it ? and how can they prevent friends froth joining the colonel when fairly out at sea and on his way to Sicily ? The Chambers-sit to-day. The minister has pre sented a statement of the claims upon the civil list, and of the debts it has incurred, and moves for au augmented allowance to the crown. It is believed that the deputies will fix it at 12 millions of francs. The . treaty with France for the cession of Savoy and Nice will not be suffered to pass in so silent a manner. However desirable it may be to have a full discussion in this instance, it should neverthe less be remembered by every speaker who addresses the house that practically the Government could not act otherwise than they did without inflicting serious injury on the Italian cause. This circum stance is notorious, and yet a party of old and new aspirants to power has been formed, which seems reckless of the evil consequences sure to re sult from a vote of censure upon Count Cavour. The strangest thing is, that among these mal contents there should be some Lombards, who, but for Piedmont's efforts, would still be under Austrian domination—and who had a greater share in those efforts than Count Cavour ? It has been generally remarked that the opposition mainly proceeds from those who have gained most by the exchange. The movement of our troops towards Central Italy continues, but from sure information we learn that Austria is also making great preparations in Venetia. They have turned Von Bruck's death to good account, and have persuaded the army that their defeat was owing to the conduct of the late Minister of Finance, who had deprived them of food and money; but 'now that the villany has been detected, their chivalrous Emperor will show that Austria is still a great power, and that his army is invincible. FRANCE. BOURSE, May 19.—The market was very buoyant at the opening, with an advance on the closing prices of yesterday. Threes began at 691, gra dually advanced to 691 40c, and are now at 69f 25c. Mobilier varied from 655 f to 665 f; Lom bard, 495 f to 500 f ; Austrian, 495 f to 497 f 50c ; Lyons, 857 f 50c to 865 f; Orleans, 1,3151 to 1,325 f; Northern, 962 f 50e to 9071 50c ; Southern, 505 f to 510 f; Eastern, 592 f 50 to 600 f. The following were the.last quotations : 11 per . Cents. 9.5 20 Do. end month 95 20 I 3 per Cents 69' 25 Do. ond_month • 69 25 Bank Sharos 2Boo' -- Credit Mebilier Do. Account Credit Punier 815 Belgian 4} Piedruontesa (5) Roman. BO Austrian Spanish Threes lionle Debt 45 ZO RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orkans Northern 961 25 .. 962 50 New, ditto 845 .. 865 Lyons and Mediterranean B6O .. 860 Geneva 402 50 .. 405 Southern Western 557 50 .. 560 Eastern Sardinian Austrian Lombard .. ... Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 12c. ; money, 25f. 111 c.; three months, paper, 24f. 90e. ; money, 24f 87c. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY. The royal mail steamship Africa, which left New York on the 9th inst., has arrived. She brings 155 passengers and 1,010 dols. for England. The Bohemian, City of Washington, and Tea tonia had arrived out. A resolution inviting the Prince of Wales to visit New York had been adopted by the Board of Aldermen. A resolution had passed the Senate authorising a vessel to be provided to transport the astronomers to a point where the eclipse of the Run in July next might be best ob served. The state of affo.irs in Mexico wa3 still very bad. The clerical party were teaching nothing but re venge. Neither party were doing much. The forced loans continued. Advices from San Franciteo were to the 28th nit. News Unimportant. Trade had somewhat revived. Dates from British Colombia were to the 24th of April. Mining intelligence was favourable. QUEENSTOWN, MAY 20. The Royal Mail steamship Arabia arrived here at 6 20 a.m. to-day. She embarked mails and pas angers, and proceeded for Halifax and Boston - a 6.20 p.m. All well. THE LIVERROOL CHAMBER OF COWERCB AED THE PAPER DUTY. . • LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY. At.a special meeting of the Chamber on Satur day an energetic endeavour was made by some of the members to obtain,a resolution in favour of the repeal of the paper duty, but, after two divisions, the following resolution was carried by 13 to 10 : "That this Chamber does net deem it necessary or eX padient to take any step on Lord Mouteagl,'s motion."' Ban 3 pe 3 pe Ness Indi pre an stue bhil dec als ( and GrE Eak tini abo Tel Ditt Ditt Ditt Cox Eac Bra Chil Idea Ru - s' Said Spa] Tuf Dat D