The Sun. — London, England, 1860-10-09 00:00:00

VIE: PRINCES ns. STATES. (From the spec iel Correspondent of the Times.) CHI CAGO, ILLINOIS, SEPT. 23. After two lon g, and weary railway journeys (and railway journeys in America are very like being at sea in a small b oat on a lough day with the addi tion of plenty of dust) the Prince of Wales has reached the no .ost westerly point but one of his long American,. tours.. He has yet to make one heavy and to • ilsome run to St. Louis, where the great waters of the Missouri join the huge yellow turbid stream of the Mississippi, and then at length, thank gooemess, the course turns east again. It is no use crying till one is out of the wood, and I well know that the route which stretches between this and Portland is checkered by many visits to many towns, mead that the Scylla of Washington has to be undergone before one plunges headlong in to the Char ybdis of New York festivities. I now that after St. Louis, visits to coal mines, in spections of colleges, torchlight processions, and vic balls, intermingled with long days of dusty travel, have yet to be surmounted; but still from sit. Louis the route is eastward, and the nadir of th is long wild land-travelling progress is passed at latst- When the Prince left Hamilton it rained hard, and nobody regretted it (I mean the rain), for only during heavy rain, which keeps down the dust, is the jolting, noisy discomfort of an American railwa .y endurable at all. There was the usual crowd to see him depart; the slack umbrellas and drippi ng cloaks; the wet handkerchiefs which flapped and draggled heavily when attempted to be waved, the mud, the dirt, and drizzle which has more or less accompanied the Royal arrival and departure throeigh all the route. Nothing would have en livened the scene but the warm heart-stirring cheers of affectionate loyalty which the crowds raised again and again as the train prepared to depart, and there were many shouts of" Come soon again," and " Why did you not stop longer ?" as the Prince stepped into his car. There was great shaking of hatnds as his Royal Highness and all the suite took a *kindly leave of Mr. Rose, whose arduous labours terminated with the last State visit to the last Canadian city, and I am sure it must have been with a feeling of deep regret that the Royal party behde adieu to one who had so ably and so success fully ministered to the comfort of their tour throughout. Before taking leave of Canada, his Royal High ness read the following Address at the opening of the Hamilton Agricultural Exhibition. There was no time to send it by the last mail, but I repair the omission now. It is the finale of all the Royal replies which have been delivered during this long and memorable progress. It was as follows : " Agricultural S oc i e t y o f U pper Canada, Sept. 20. " Gentlemen,—l return you my warm acknowledgments for the address which you have just presented upon the occasion of the opening of the 15th Exhibition of the Agri.. cultural Society of Upper Canada, and I take this opportu nity of thanking the agricultural citizens and manufacturers who are now assembled from distant parts in this city of Hamilton for the more than kind and enthusiastic reception which they gave me yesterday and have repeated to-day. Blessed with a soil of very remarkable fertility, and a hardy race of industrious and enterprising men, this district must rapidly assume a most important position the markets of the world, and I rejoice to learn that the im provements in agriculture which skill, labour, and science have of late years developed in the mother country are fast increasing the capabilities of this young soil, and enable you to compete successfully with the energetic people whose stock and other products are now ranged in fri.endly rivalry with your own. within this vast enclosure. " The Almighty has this year granted you that greatest boon to a people—an abundant harvest. I trust it will make glad many a home of those I see arouid me, and bring in creased wealth and prosperity to this magnificent province. "My dunes as representative of the Queen, deputed by her to visit Briti s h North America, cease thi s day ; but in a private capacity I am a b out to visit, before my return home, that remarkable land which claims with us a common ancestry, and in whose extraordina"y progress every Englishman feels a common interest. Before, however, I quit British soil, let me once more address, through you, the inhabitants of United Canada, and bid them an affec tionate farewell. M ay G o d pour down His choicest bless ing upon this great and loyal people I" I need not say how this was listened to, as his Royal Highness, with that soft, clear, dignified utterance, which he inherits from his Royal mother, read the Address aloud, concluding with a solemn earnestness that moved the whole audience, till their feelings seemed too deep for utterance. The distance from Hamilton to Detroit, the first resting-place on the long journey here, is about 200 miles, a matter of some four hours to a Royal train in England, but which here, with all speed used, took rather over seven. From the roughness with which most Canadian and nearly all American lines are laid down, great speed is unattainable, and with American roads, unless the country is prepared to incur at least half the expenditure they have already sunk, and in most cases lost, in forming their line, I should say great profits are also unattainable too. With hardly one exception throughout the United states there are only a single line of rails, and this is a fatal objection to a great increase of traffic. The time will come, and soon, when it will pay, and pay well for double rails to be laid down on some lines, and when that day arrives, which many look to even now, there - is certain to be such a railway mania here, to Wb3ch that of ours in '47 and '4B will be a joke. Let, Englishmen, if they are wise, keep from this comirig vortex. Great and prosperous as this country i.s now, and must be still more so in the future, the time is still distant when the present huge network of single lines will pay a profit worth investing for. Some of the best lines in the States —those which have been entirely carried out by English• capital--don't pay their working expenses. The Grand Trunk, in a financial point of view, has up till now been a failure. But its prospects, even at this day, are good compared to many offlie chief American railways through this part of the country. The country between Hamilton and Detroit was for a long time, like all the l an d o f U pper C anada, rich and well cultivated —even where the black gna-led stumps of burnt pines stick up like tombstones of the forest, looming dark and mournfully upon the upstart growth of Indian corn beneath. Sometimes it was meadow land, with the ragged zigzag fences of lopped trees strewn loosely between the fields— sovaetimes a large tract of corn was passed, with the ma.ssive sheaves stacked together like straw tents, an d the ground covered with bright orange pump kins and squashes, which the inexhaustible fertility of the land has nurtured between the midges of maize. Then comes acres and acres of orcnards, with trees heavy and overborne with their rich burden, drooping down like Billows to the ground, a ad their red and ;yellow fruit sparkling sof:ly in the evening sun. All the ham-doors of the clean, white farm-houses stood wide open, showing heaps of corn piled high within, and across the cieariigs oxen came slowly along with mounds of other sheaves in rough wooden carts, dragging a plenty for which the farmer had no room in the timber .outbuildings which ordinarily accommodated the arvest. On every side were such signs of born tcous abundance, there was such a calm in these wild, clean, fruitful homesteads, there were such signs of progress and of energy, even in the forests hacked aside to make room for cultivation, that one could not but g aze w ith lingering astonishment upon the scene of rising prosperity, and think of that vast class at home whom Bumble denominates as "able-bodied paupers" going supperless to bed for want of work. Why, here are millions of acres of such fertile land as English farmers never think of getting without draining, manures, and top dressings and all the scientific agricultural slang which mark the presence of poor land. Here are millions of acres still clad in all the savage gran deur of the wilderness, and seeming to call—in their rich matted growth of timber and luxuriant un dervrood—for some one to clear an overburdened soil, and let the natural fertility of the earth have ZS Where to show it s proper might and usefulne ss . the lumberers fell ti m b er i n the Upper Ottawa the h an df u l s of Indian corn among the raggedfostumps, and 10, in some s i x wee k s ' t i me, a harvest quantity to ra few in nu mber , though enough in break stonesk eiep an Engli s h p ar i s h . Y et men England for Bd. a -d a y, an d cost the country 14. while doing it, and farmers here cry out for months, till their s labour and get it for a few short servants have saved enough to better themselves and .uy land, when at once the law of Canada steps with restrictions which drive them in hundreds llan.d thousands yearly to the far west of America, which drove notto be supposed that the active folly the States into manly insurrection and independence will ever be repeated by the Home Government, but one sees each hour such slimy traces of red tape ' B over Canada, such sign s o f i ts being le ;i t r t n o ac t l h es e m i ser i es o f shortsight e d legislation, such checks upon its growth, as no young colony, however na turally vigorous, withstands for long. There is a mighty future for Upper Canada it' emigration to its fertile soil is only fairly encouraged and developed by the Government at home—if they will only hold out such real inducements as American agents hold out falsely, and who manage to persuade people even when half-settled in British dominions, to make another and a final move for prairie land. In truth and honour, and as one responsible for every " written word, I cannot help sayi ng that, land f or land, the prairie is better than even the picturesque valleys of Upp e r C ana d a , b u t there is not at all that_ difference betw een th e t wo w hich would lead a farmer to prefer 100 acres out West to 150, or even 120, round Hamilton or London. Enable emigrants to buy three acres in Canada for what they would only get two i n Mi c hi gan, Illinois, or Wisconsin— l_e.t a man b u y 10 acres or 1,000 if he pleases. or as his means permit, and there would be no want of settlers in Canada.o • Occasionally, however, once in every five sness oe as S i x years a dim and premature con sciou wh overtakes the what mast in ti me b e t h e i r prosperity and, footed wl2n.m!.dians of the Upper Province, ‘ 4 the tradi ng mania of their near THE UNITED American neighbours, they rush into land specula- I tions more wild and more improvidently hopeless than any of the bubble schemes which the annals of Capelscourt can show. Such spendthrift aber rations throw the colony back for years, for during the rage of these land fevers—fevers which no past experience of loss and bank ruptcy of provinces seems to mitigate —a tract of forest in which no man has penetrated will sell for almost twice the present price of land in Cheap side. The value of uncleared land in Upper Canada varies from 2 dols. to 4 sleds, an acre; yet some times, during the preValence of these speculative epidemics, £6OO sterling per acre has been offered and refused, and as much as £l2O per foot of front age tendered in vain for by-streets in small towns. Towards dusk the Royal train quitted the cleared farm lands, and entered upon a tract which the tremendous Canadian forests hemmed in close, casting a peculiar sombre gloom, unknown to autumn evenings, over the little line of rails be tween. There is something in the ponderous still ness of these forests—something in their wild, torn, mossy which darkness, impresses h their t uttere traveller solitude in a new and aspect silence each time he sees them—which awake ideas of melancholy which I wish I could describe, though I cannot forget. In Upper Canada the endless hills of pines give way at last, or at most stand thinly intermingled with gigantic beeches, tall hemlocks, and ash, with maples, birch, and wild sycamore, the underwood of these great leafy hills. Mile after mile and hour after hour of such a route was passed —a deep black solitude, with here and th ere a v i s t a opening up, showing the massive trunks, gray as cathedral ruins, which bore the rich canopy of leaves aloft. I call it leaves, for even the hurry of writing would not excuse its been called a canopy of green. The winter is closing in fast upon the sombre glory of the forests, and they stand in such glowing tints, such deep rich starlets, as if the leaves were steeped in blood ; such piles of glitter , ing yellows, of pinks, and quiet faded mellow hues, that you gaze, lost in admiration, as hill after hills opens out in sheets of burning colour, like the last grand shower of Nature's pyrotechnics before they close in frost and snow and darkness for the winter season. Crossley and other artists may paint an American autumn, but who can describe it ? Look at the monstrous pine, that was barked last year, and which, all dead and white, seems to spread its lean shrivelled arms abroad like fleshless bones, trying to stay its fall. Over the trunk a creeper comes, which, turned to pink, to purple, gold, and scarlet by a few rights' frost, droops in festoons of colour like ragged, bril liant drapery; but so bright, so wild, and graceful in its quiet curves, that it seems at once Loth more and less than natural—the work of a decorator in its arrangement of colours, such as only Nature's colours ever give. In the foreground stands a clump of trees, clustering round in piles of gold, inter mixed with wild sycamores of light quick green, red, purple, crimson, and almost blue. Behind are trees of every shade of autumn glory, from faded gold to almost black, while above towers the massive deep-green pine, unchangeable in its solemn features as Canada itself, with a host of umbrageotis deserters round it in wrinkled brown and faded leaves of all hues, rustling to the wind with a sharp dry crackle as the " fall" comes on them. Let any one who can from such poor description, imagine miles upon miles of this forest scenery bathed in all the tints of a stormy sunset, with hill and vale, mountain and river bank deep swathed in gorgeous robes of hues like these, and he can then form a poor—though but a poor—idea of what North American scenery is during the Indian summer, that bright, quiet, treacherous forerunner of the severest winter in the world. Now and then a little clearing was passed in the twilight, with the log hut wreathed in ever greens and flowers, with the settler's family stand ing at the door anxiously watching that the train might pass, and the Prince see their little decora tion before night closed in. Windsor, the last town in the Canadian frontier, and facing Detroit on the opposite bank of the river St. Clair, was reached at 9 o'clock. There w ere p l en t y of illuminations and fireworks at Windsor, but the Prince did not halt a minute, but at once went on board the little steamer which was to take him across the river to the United States. All the craft in the stream were illuminated, bells rang, guns fired, and rockets shot into the air from every point. But as the boat approached the landing-place at Detroit it became almost a serious question whether the Prince would be able to land at all. The firemen had turned out with their torches to endeavour to keep open the line of route between the landing place and the Russell-house Hotel, where the Prince was to stay. As long as there was no occasion for it this route was kept open pretty well, and the dense crowd of some 25,000 people on either side of the narrow little strip of fire remained in tolerable order ; but with the arrival of the Prince's boat it became impossible to restrain their eager curiosity, and after swaying heavily and un easily backwards and forwards for a few minutes, the weight of the masses overbore all resistance, and the whole crowd collected in one dense, solid throng round where the Prince intended to land. The firemen kept partly together in one spot, but their efforts were useless, save in so far as their torches cast a red gleam over the sea of upturned faces, and showed at a g l ance t h e utter impossibi lity f landing till some way was cleared. The car riages, though not a yard from the boat, could not be reached, and even if reached the crowd had jammed them in in such a manner that moving them was out of the question. In vein the authorities tried to force a passage, and in vain the firemen strove to collect together and keep round the car riages ; a regiment of cavalry could not have found its way through the dense unmanageable throng which, with hoarse shouts, and the attempts of some to advance and of others to extricate them selves from the intolerable crush, swayed backwards and forwards in heavy waves of human beings. The crowd, in fact, was powerless from its own numbers and density, and the efforts of those who strove to restore order only made matters worse. At last, some more resolute or free to move than others seized the horses of one of the nearest car riages and backed them all, kicking and plunging through the crowd, till alongsiae the steamer. This cleared a passage, which the firemen improved upon so as to form a short, narrow opening, keep ing the people back only by desperate efforts and thresting their torches against those who en croached the least. Those in front, however, were as anxious to keep order as the firemen them selves; it was those far hack who pushed on to sce what they thought must be the gorgeous spectacle going forw ar d , and whose mere weigt made it im possible for those in front to resist them. Taking advantage of the little opening made by backing the carriage, the Prince, with the Duke of New cc stle, the Governor-General, and Earl St. Germans at once entered the carriage, which soon forced a passage through the crowd—the sooner, perhaps, because not a soul knew that the Prince was in it. No one for a moment seemed to suspect that the quiet, handsome fair young man, dressed in the Wales plainest of t rave lli ng suits, was really the P r i nce o f . Perhaps, as travellingin a private capa city, the crowd at Detroit did not expect t o see him in his coronet andfeathers, but th ey certa i nly tleonokdeedd f h o y r w a a t r e d ain to eßf h go is yeeagl being in unif orm an d at eous courtiers bowing to the dust befor e hi s conducting th emse l ves in nalmghannenss'e and otherwi se posed in the:W es t ern States to ber p p e o e p u u l l i a a r r ly to s uapn effe"e and worn out aristocracy. After two or three carriages had then departed, and it was thoaght that the Prince must then really be coming at lest, a great rush was made by the crowd, which over whelmed firemen and everything, and surged heavily up to the water's edge. Mr. Pennefather, the Governor-General's secretary, with one of the firemen and a sailor, was forced over the edge of the wharf into the river, and were near being drowned before, in the confusion that prevailed, they could be rescued. Mr. Pennefather had so nar row an escape from the wheels of the boat which had just started that one actually grazed his shoulder, and took all the skin off. Only by a sud den and rather desperate jump back did I save my self from a similar inevitable ducking. When the crowd found that the Prince had really gone there was a pell-mell rush back to the hotel, round which thousands crowded till nearly midnight, and all the passages, doors, ante-rooms, and staircases of which were quite as crowded as the streets. People seemed to have an idea that every one who asked to see his Royal Highness should be admitted at once, and it was not until some hundreds had been in formed that this was quite an erroneous impres sion, that they very reluctantly consented to go away, and leave his Royal Highness to the repose he so much needed. On the following morning the Prince d rove round the to wn . Detroit, though an old French Se tlement, is a very new American . city—a city of some 25 years' ro d wth, with its wide streets witha d burywo wooden d s e t n o nbeuai buildings, g date and sudden rise, brick houses intermingled which tell of its modem l Situated on the River St. Clair, which affords"; endid water communication Suu ro p n e r . and AlwiitchhiLgaankeasndliErie, and even with Lakes feriora, longas position for commerce is unrivalled, and time it has 'been the central mart and depot for the immense corn trade coming from the prairie lands. flourishing now, however, and is apparently rather in the declin e , being neither as prosperous nor as populous as it was five years ago. It is n o t uncom mon in this country t o see cities suddenly sp • into wealth and grand eur i n the midst ofritnlie prairies, and, after a few brief years of marvellous prosperity and progress, decline as new favourites further out west absorb the tide of immigration. Such is the case with Detroit, the commercial capital of Michigan. Such, most likely, in a few - s y n e d a d r s e n w o i f l I a lbl ethe h s i c u a d g d o e , n t h e a i t t i e m s o h s e t r e m . a rTvhe The I o e u o s r ly n depot on the wharfs of Detroit is an immense wooden building, now crammed up with sacks of maize and wheat, in winter sometimes full to the very roof with thousands upon thousands or carcases of frozen hogs waitirg for transport to Canada. In the centre of the depot was a very pretty fountain, which struck me as rather an unusual feature, for " We air a practical people here," and seldom run to anything like poetical adornment for adornment's sake. I was told that it had been erected for the use of emigrants, who arrive here by thousands in the spring, and who sleep about the depot for days till hired as " helps," or till their purchase of prairie land- far up in the interior is completed. Most of these emigrants are Germans and Norwe gians. Very few Irishmen come here now, and I wonder how any come here at all : for your true American looks down upon the Irish with immea surable scorn, regards them as necessary evils for rough menial work—a sort of free nigger, who at best is only tolerated on account of a certain slavish usefulness. Australia is the place for Irishmen, here their lot is at best that of bitter servitude—of ser vitude that gains neither the affection nor esteem of those who may almost be called their masters. As a great central corn mart the railways have injured Detroit almost beyond redemption, but its situation for commerce is too favourable to allow it long to remain in its present comparative depression. The route from Detroit to this city was a long and tedious affair, a dull monotonous railway joarney of more than 10 hours, though it must be regarded as a mere trifle to what has to be encountered between St. Louis and Cincinnati, and Cincinnati and Pitts burgh. The Michigan Central Railway is considered one of the best, if not the very best, in the whole continent, and if ON be true, Heaven shield us from going in any of the bad ones, for a worse line I never travelled over. At some parts the ca- rolled and jerked like a boat in a rough sea: and if this is a specimen of a good line, how a really bad one can be "navigable" at all I can 't i mag i ne . The arrange ments at the railway station were not good, and the crowd of boys and loafers who swarmed up over the Royal car, pulling down the windows and thrusting in their heads was so great, that the car was almost hidden by their numbers. A very little ordinary care and consideration on the part of the managers of the station might have saved his Royal Highness all this annoyance, forhowever good-tem pered he may be, and is, under such inflictions, it it cannot be other wise than annoying to any gen tleman to ba hailed thus, like a wild beast, by a mob of dirty boys and rowdies. The road from Detroit for the first 140 miles was of much the same character as that of Upper Canada—huge peach trees, however, taking the place of orchards of apples and pears. The American plan of letting their peach trees grow wild and free like ordinary tr-7, instead of nailing them flat against a wall es we do, seems to answer beyond what could have been supposed possib!e, and even the smallest of American trees bear more fi uit in this manner than the finest and largest trees in England nailed flat. At one of the Nillages where the train stopped to take in wood and water there was a repetition of the same barbarous and disgusting curiosity on the part of men and boys who swarmed all over the Royal car. This was repeated to a less extent at another small village, and after then there was no trouble. There were crowds always, but their be haviour was quiet and decorous, and their natural eagerness to see the Prince never passed the bounds of quiet marked respectfulness. As the train neared Michigan city the country assumed a wild deserted aspect, huge barren sand " dounes" rising on every side, much of the same wild and desolate kind which one meets with in crossing Anglesey to Holy head. Suddenly the sand hills opened out, and along a bleak level shore, wet-looking and desolate as that at Southport, stretched Lake Michigan, in a huge deep blue expanse, like a colossal mirror. I never saw a shore more desolate and sterile-looking, the very lake itself seemed dead and cold, without a single riple to quicken its dull blue waters into life. From this point out to Chicago the train passed over prairie land. If the prairies are im pressive at all, they are so by night. There is something grand in their huge boundless extent, their gently waving mounds, and thick long grass, which makes the distant horizon wavy and indis tinct as that of the ocean itself. Yet the impres sion is almost weakened as mile after mile is traversed, and still no change from the dull tre mendous uniformity of grass plains, always stretch ing away on every side, till the land and sky seem to meet, with not a bush or tree to break the dead level of the view. Sometimes, but only rarely, a little swampy patch comes in, half grass, half water, choked with weeds, and its margin fringed by a few stunted trees, which, weak and sickly, seem to have been poisoned by the malaria of the pools which here give off such malignant fevers and hot agues of dis locating violence. Such swamps, however, as I have said, are rare, and you lose sight of them in an in stant, amid the long, rich, waving verdure, over which the wind sweeps with the violence of a strong sea breeze, keeping the grass undulating for and miles in gentle billows, as if the whole prairie was in motion. At these times, with cold light of the moon showing the scene in gloomy indistinctness, the prairies look grand and mysterious. What they are by day I do not know, but I start for them to morrow, and remain at a prairie farm not far from where the Prince has gone to shoot, where I shall have some opportunity of judging of them for at least two days before going to St. Louis. The train arrived at this town soon after 8 o'clock at night, crossing a long viaduct over the edge of Lake Michigan, and in the centre of the eater. The town itself was all astir, and its long lines of houses, with lights in all their windows, made it at a dis tance look not unlike the first appearance of Venice. There was an immense concourse of people in the station, but their conduct, though enthusiastic enough, was quiet and orderly, and contrasted most favourably with the crowd at Detroit. His Royal Highness went at once to his hotel, the Richmond house, where every preparation had been made for his reception by the indefatigable courier and general provider for the Royal party on this American tour, Mr. Bachmeyer. The authorities placed police all round the house to prevent unne cessary crowding and intrusion, and a band of Volunteers serenaded his Royal Highness during the night. On the whole, if the reception at Chicago is a sample of what his Royal Highness will meet throughout the United States, it will certainly leave nothing to be desired, either on the score of its hearty welcome or utter absence of anything Pke annoyance or intrusion. Yesterday the royal party drove round the city—a city which is really worth the name, and one which I must not attempt to dismi.s now with a few hurried words before the mail closes. It is one of that great class of Westvt prairie cities now so rapidly springing up, and which promise, before long, from their importance, wealth, and quiet, orderly energy of their popula- tion to effect great changes in the present political struggles of the United States. As both the present candidates for the Presidency have been nominated for this State of Illinois, party feeling just row runs high here, yet on the night the Prince arrived I attended a " Wideawake" demonstration, and their quiet bearing and solemn, orderly demeanour would have been a caution to the free and independent electors of our small towns on almost similar ocea • sions. The royal party left here yesterday for Dwight, a small village on the prairies, some 70 miles from here, on the way to St. Louis. Here Captain Retallack, aide-de-camp to the Governor- General, has taken and fitted up a farmhouse for the use of his Royal Highness, and from here the party will sally out each morning for their day's shooting in the prairies. The prairie hens, how ever, are beginning to pack, and I fear the sport will not be what is anticipated. On the 26th the Pi ro. hfooferat i lth a th c eh e e f s toah t nt a oriau, t uga s enh f d r t h S e t n e L e ouis, t u o i s (3 , i t n h e e n m n most i, wester a s s t l a y t p e d o i n i n t my last l e tt er. All the royal party are in good m i t e i r s e l n y o t o f t h t h e r s f l o a n u g l t i t n h e a e t s they t t a r r a e v s e o l ling, without other excitement, T is enough to b rea k dowhne Marquisaconstit nutaiond of Marchionessiron e a ofCh over to the R oya l train from Detroit to this city. His Lordship an d l ady have longera n d i o o s u c r a n m e y e up the Upper Ottawa than even hardy From and adven turous tourists o f ten attempt. Fro here his Lord ship and party go out to the Far West, to St. Paul's, the Falls of St. Anthony, Minie, Ric. 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[ADTERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills.—Depression of Spirits. —As autumn advances the feeble and aged espe cially suffer from the imperfect and languid state of the circulation, which even in the strong. sometimes produces an unaccountable despond enc y. H o ll o way's pills effec tually dispel the gloom by which nature foreshadows a warning of some serious malady. These wonderful pills act so certainly, safely, and rapidly on the digestive organs that all depressing emotions gradually yield, the vital energy ref— 9-rns and the f requen t cause o f f ever an d o ther ail ments disappears. Holloway's pills never can do any harm. To the delicate, sedentary, ailing, and aged they areus tgyostescliron strongly recommended, as they contain no injuri- Io:Int: and therefore may b e t a k en w i t h i m p un ity for any pej THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 9, 1860. 7.HE NA VY, We understand that, owing to continued ill health, Vice-Admiral Sir C. H. Fremantle, K.C.8., will not rehoist his flag as .commander-in-chef of the Channel fleet. According to present arrange ments the two divisions of the fleet will winter at Portsmouth and Devonport, remaining under the command of the Port Admirals at the respective ports. The Osborne paddle yacht, Master-Commander G. K. Bower, has sailed from Portsmouth for Gravesend and Antwerp. The second dock at Chatham dockyard having become vacant by the completion of the steam float ing battery Trusty, 14, 150. horse power, which was some time under repair, preparations will be forth with commenced for laying down the large mail-clad, steel-plated iron vessel, which the Admiralty have de cided on having constructed in that dock. The plans and drawirgs of the proposed vessel have been for some time past in preparation at the office of Admiral Sir B. Walker, Controller of the Navy, and his assistants at Somerset-house, from whose de signs the new frigate is to be constructed. The dock in which this gigantic vessel is interded to be built is one of the largest at either of the Royal establishments, but, notwithstanding the great size, means will have to be made to increase the length before the new ship, which is to be upwards of 400 feet in length, can be commenced; but after a sur vey of the dock by the assistant-surveyor of the navy, who was specially tent down to Cnatham by the Admiralty for that purpose, it has been ascer tained that the additional length can be obtair ,, d by extending the dock seaward by means of a tem porary dam. The whole of the ironwork ? equired in the construction of the vessel will be prepared at Chatham dockyard, and in order to meet the in creased dem nd which willbe made on the smithery department additional furnaces will be required to be erected contiguous:to the dock, and a number of fresh hands taken on. As soon as the new vessel has been fairly commenced the work is to proceed without intermission. the authorities being anxious that the first of the steel-plated shot-proof vessels may be completed and afloat early in the ensuing year, or, at all events, as soon as it is possible to have her completed. It appears from the last official list, recently pub lished, that there are at present being built in her Majesty's various dockyards 42 vcssels of war, car rying from 1 to 91 guns respectively, and each of from 80 to 1,250 horse power—viz. :—Eight at Pembroke—the Aurora, 61, Defiance, 51, Pandora, 1, Perseus, 17, Shearwater, 11, Triumph, 91, Tweed, 51, and Zealous, 91; seven at Deptford—the Colum bine, 11, :Favorite, 22, Newcastle, 51, Rapid, 11, Rosario, 11, Speedwell, 5, and Zebra, 17 ; six at Cnatham—the EON idera, 51, the Bulwark, 91, the Rattlesnake, 21, the Re:ndeer, 17, the Royal Oak, 91, and the Undaunted, 51 ; four at Ports mouth—the Chanticleer, 17, the Dryad, 51, the Glasgow, 51, and Royal Alfred, 91 ; three at Wool wich—the Bristol, 51, the Repulse, 91, and the Wolverine, 21 ; three at Millwall—the Eclipse, e' the Lily, 4, and the Star, 4 ; four at Devonport—the Liverpool, 51, the Ocean, 91, the Petrel. 11, and the Robust, 91 ; at Glesgow—the Black Prince, 36 ; at Jlarrow, Newcastle-on-Tyne —the Defence, 16 ; at Sheerness—the North Star, 22; at Poplar—the Resistance, 16 ; at Blackwall—the Warrior, 36 ; at Plymouth, the Trinculo gunboat ; and at Newhaven the Tyrian gunboat. The Algiers, 91, screw, Capt. G, D. O'Callaghan, took out powder and shell yesterday at Spithead, and afterwards steamed into the harbour for repair and refit. The Megsera, screw troopship, Commander Hen derson, has completed her refit at Portsmouth, and is again reported ready for further service. The Sutlej, 51, screw, converted from a sailing frigate, steamed out of Portsmouth harbour on Sa turday, and proceeded to the trial ground in Stokes Bay to test her speed at the measured mile, under the official superintendence of Capt. G. T. Gordoi, commanding the steam reserve at the port. The Sutlej has been fitted with engines of 500-horse power (nominal) by Messrs. Maudslay, Field, and Co. The ship drew only 17 feet 3 inches for ward and 20 feet 3 inches aft, consequently she was in very light trim, and the immersion of her screw was in complete by 9 inches. A comparison of the results of her trial with that of the Immortalite, tested at Portsmouth on the sth ult., proves, as had been an tiaipated from her graceful lines for?, and and aft, to be highly favourable to the Sutlej, taking into con sideration the fact of her being 100 horse power less than the Immortalite. The latter ship realised on her trial t-ip a mean of 12.533 knots, at a draught of water of 21 feet forward, and 21 feet 10 inches aft. The Sutlej, in her trial on Saturday, used Griffiths' propeller, with a diameter of 17 feet 6 inches and a pitch of 20 feet. The pressure of steam was 201 b. on the gauge; vacuum, 23; revolutions of engines ; maximum, 72, mean 71. Six runs were made, the mean of which gave the ship a speed of 13.067 knots. The machinery and boilers worked per fectly, the latter furnishing an ample supply of steam. There was an entire absence of any raised body of water under the ship's bows when at full speed, and the trial was altogether as satisfactory as could be desired. The screw steamships Centurion, 80, Capt. H. D. Rogers, C. 8., and Abouki r , 90, Capt. D. Cur r y, having discharged their powder, were brought yes terday from Plymouth Sound into Hamoeze, to have defects made good. The crew of the Aboukir were paid wages yesterday, and granted leave of absence. The gunboats Spider and Delight were put in'o Keyham steamyard yesterday to undergo repairs. The Metropolitan Police Force will commence duty on the 22d inst.,when the Devonport dockyard, Keyham steamyard, and the Royal William Vic tualling yard will be placed under their protection. The Lords of the Admiralty have given direc tions for an extension of the Royal Marine barracks at Chatham towards the dockyard, in order that additional quarters for the officers and men may be erected in that direction. The new buildings will necessitate the taking in a portion of the dockyard, including the official residence of the master rope maker, which will be required to be taken down, and also a par t of the private garden belonging to the captain-saperintendent. The following appointments were made on Satur day at the Admiralty :—Lieut. W. H. Elton to the Miranda; J. IL C. Bishop, chief engineer, to the Mirdnda ;T. Edgar, 2d-class assist-engineer, to the Miranda; D. H. Jenkyn, 2d-class assist.-engineer, to the Indus, for charge of the Charon ; Alex. Gil lenders, acting 3d-class assist.-engineer to the Done gal ; James Torkington and George Alexander, acting 3d-class assist.-engineers, to the Indus, as supernumeraries; George F. Gossage, acting 3d class assist.-engineer, to the Miranda; R. Oliver, third-class assist.-engineer, to the Miranda ; Thos. Lewis, third-class assist.-engineer, to the Cumber land, for charge of the Cochin ; and Wm. Watson, third-class assist.-engineer, to the Indus, as super numerary. RUSSIAN COMMERCE. (From the Money Atarl•et Review.) During the last year or two, the commercial wor)d has repeatedly been frightened from its pro priety by alarming statements respecting the atti tude of Russia. At one time, that Power has con cluded an alliance with France, with a view, of course, to aggression upon Eurcpe in general, and upon Turkey in particular. France, it is true, four or five years ago, lavished millions of treasure and thousands of lives in resisting, in conjunction with England, the attempted encroachments of Russia in Turkey. Were she to enter into an alliance, one of the first objects of which would be to promote the long-talked-of partition of the Sultan's dominions, she would justly incur the opprobrium and even ridicule of the world. Is it to be imagined that her Emperor would beard public opinion, by proclaim ing that all the French blood and treasure expended in Turkey has been utterly wasted, and that his policy is directed by motives of the narrowest and most selfish order ? France 4 s proud of the achieve ment of her sons in the Crimea, and would con sider it almost a sacrilege were Russia to be helped by her hands to the prey in defence of which they died. Even the Emperor Napoleon dare not attempt to guide the nation into a path repugnant to its very nature. His language in every public document of speech points to the exaltation and grandeur of France. How could he possibly make these high-flown sentiments harmonise with a policy which would bear upon its very face the im press of pique, personal resentment, and petty views ? More recently, alarmists have availed themselves of a new peg whereon to hang the forebodings. Hitherto they have talked of a secret alliance be tween Russia and France. Now, with a strange disregard of consistency, they croak about an alleged uncle-standing—i.e., alliance—between Russia and Austria, the vanquiehed and bitter enemy of France. They soon sketch out a pro gramme. Russia is to hold down Hungary—as if she had not had an effectual lesson in her former interference in that kingdom, and in the gratitude with which Austria reprid her for it—and Austria is to step forth from her fortresses, overthrow the national party in Italy, and disjoint the map of Europe once more. According to some, all this is to be accomplished in defiance of France; accord ing to others, with her concurrence, disgusted as she is alleged to be with the restlessness of an Ita lian revolution. We might point to the folly of supposing for a moment that France can let her work be undone in Italy any more than in the Crimea, or that the Emperor can abandon a broad policy . through a petty pique, in the one case more than in the other. We might dwell. tco, upon the egregious folly committed by those who complete the sketch by assigning to enlightened Prussia the ignominious task of assisting Austria in replacing the fetters upon Italy. But a truce hasuch nonsense. We only refer to it in order to show the kind of foreign news, -and of comments thereupon, which, in these days of wholesale purveyieg of telegrems and orecular despatches from abroad, is occasionally served up to tickle the palate of the English people. It meets, unfortunately, with a certain market, or it would cease to be supplied. Let us, however, quit this fanciful branch of the subject, and consider what is really the position of Russia, who is made to figure in so many projects tending to the dis memberment and permanent agitation of Europe. We do not hesitate to affirm our belief that Russia has been maligned. We believe that she has neither the power nor the will to embark in any line of foreign policy that must be backed up by force of arms. And we have very little doubt it will be found that, although the Emperor Alexander may perhaps permit his Foreign Office to go to a certain length in inditing strong despatches relating to Russia's " mission," and so forth, there will be be hind all a strong check, which will prevent their proceedings from becoming a real source of anxiety to Europe. Russia has been flung back from the aggression which she attempted under the direction of her late proud stern Autocrat ; and under the more humane rule of Alexander--more especially under the influence of absolute exhaustion—she has accepted her position. The tremendous nature of the exertions and sacrifices which she made during the late war, in order to cope with Great Britain and France united, has never been fully understood in Western Europe, The finances were brought into a frightful state of disorder, and the nation we 9 drained and impoverished to an extent of which we have little conception. Russia continued the strug gle until she could carry it on no longer. The bur thens which it has left behind are sufficient to dis gust her with the idea of war for a long time to come. Accordingly we see that great retrench ments, amounting by some accounts to three or four milliens sterling per annum, have been made since the close of the war, in the ordinary military expenditure. The levies of the population under the conscription have been reduced considerably below the normal level. Neither in point of finan cial nor of military preparation is the Government in a position to enter at present upon a new war, or even upon a course that might lead to war. But apart from the pacific policy which is dic tated by her exhaustion and financial embarrass ments, Russia has other seriors internal cares just now. The question of the emancipation of the serfs has forced itself upon the attention of the Govern ment, and is being taken earnestly in hand. The condition of the serfs throughout Russia, has been materially ameliorated. It may be said, indeed, that a great social revolution is in course of accom plishment, demanding all the watchfulness and energy of the Government. As an illustration of the changes that have taken place, we may allude here to the contents of letters from Russia which were received in London two or three weeks ago. The writers reside in a district within 100 miles of St. Petersburg. They state that the crops in every part of that region had been greatly retarded by the bad weather, and they draw attention to the remarkable circumstance that their in -gathering on the estates of many of the nobles and great landed proprietors has been delayed and jeopardised more than in other instances. The serfs, in fact, had got in their own crops, whilst many of the proprietors had been unable to do so. The explanation is to be found in the alterations which have been established, with due sanction of law, in the relations between the proprietors and the peasantry. Formerly, if a noble wished his crops to be got in, or other work to be done, he sent his factotum to the serfs' village, who collected the male inhabitants and marched them off without more ado to the scene of opera tions. The lord's work must be finished whatever became of the peasant's patch of land, any rules or regulations to the contrary notwithstanding. Were any of their serfs to prove refractory, there was a military force not far off, and the knout at hand. But now the serfs are only required to work for their lords during three fixed days of the week, the other three being assigned to themselves. Should the days given to his service prove unfavourable for field work, the lord comes badly off, and is obliged to urge his peasants to increased exertion by pay ing them. The letters to which we have re ferred are of a perfectly original and reliable character, and throw an interesting light upon the progress of the great social revolution in Russia. The movement is obviously not free from dangers of a vast scope, mad the means of obviating these furnishes ample occupation to the Government. Upon the ground, then, of her exhaustion, her financial difficulties, her lack of military prepara tion, the absorbing nature of her home cares, and the humane and enlightened character of the present Emperor, we refuse to believe that Russia harbours at present any designs against the peace of Europe. The meeting of crowned heads at Warsaw, should it take place, will not signify aggression. These views are confirmed by many indications, too nume rous to mention, which cannat escape the attention of those who have peculiarly valuable opportu nities of watching diplomatic and military move ments in Russia. THE ARMY. The Carnarvon wing, Royal Carnarvon and An glesey Rifles, under command of Lieut.-Col. J. M'Donald, was inspected on the sth inst. at Car narvon by Lord F. Paulet, C. 8., Inspector of Militia. About 386 (or almost the whole quota of men) were on parade, exclusive of officers, staff, &c. After a minute inspection of the regiment by companies a long course of field movements, with light infantry work, was performed under the direction of the inspecting officer, who afterwards examined the regimental and company books, ar moury, stores, &c. At the conclusion of the inspec tion Lord F. Paulet expressed his great satisfaction at the efficiency, most creditable both to officers and men, with which the field work was performed, as well as with the interior economy of the regi ment ; he also stated on parade that he would be able to make one of the most favourable reports possible of the general appearance and efficiency of the corps, and of the manner in which the men had mustered for training, nearly every man borne on the strength of the regiment being actuallypresent. Two-thirds of the men have gene through a course of preliminary musketry instruction, under the Adjutant, Capt. Nar es , d ur i ng t h e period of 27 days' training which terminated on the 6th inst. On the occasion of the head-quarters of the Royal Antrim Artillery Militia leaving Woolwich for Newport, Monmouthshire, on the 27th ultimo, the following general order was issued by Major-Gen. Sir R. Dacres, commanding the garrison :—" The Major-General Commanding cannot allow theßoyal Antrim Artillery Militia to leave this garrison without expressing to Lord Massereene, the officers, non-commissioned officers, and men, his high sense of their ord er ly con d uct an d soldierlike appearance since they have been in this command." [ADVERTISEMENT.]—We extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of gratitxde from invalids cured with out medicine by Du Barry's delicious Revalenta Arabica Food :—Cure No. 71. The Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Decies, of many y ears ' dy s p e p s i a an d a ll i ts h orrors.—Cure No. 49 , 832. " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dys pepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatu lency, spasms, sickness at the stomach and vomiting, have been removed by Du Barry's excellent Food. Maria Joly, Wortham Ling, near Dies, Norfolk."--Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, Herts, a cure of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low spirits, and nervous fancies.—Cure No. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacre, near Liverpool, a cure of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors of nervous irritability. Avoid Pills and Medicines : they invariablYaggravate and perpetuate diseases ; their annoyance, disappointment, and expense may be avoided by using Du Barry's Food which, at a few pence per day, saves 50 times its cost in other remedies, removing effectually, without purging, constipation, indi ges ti on (dy s p eps i a ) nervous, bilious and liver complaints and all their consequences. Certificate No. 36,418. We find it the safest remedy. Andrew Ure, MD., F.R.S., Dr Harvey, Dr. Wurzer, Dr. Shorland, Dr. Campell. Let inv a lid s avo id the fearful dangers of spu- Amon rious and inju r i ous i m it a ti ons o ff ered under a variety o f g the numerous artistes arriving in Paris, false pret e n ces . Nevill imitations are pr o hibited by the says Gatignani, to settle for the winter season to their high Court of Chancery under a penalty of £5,000 against duties, other birds of passage to rest before they wing their Alfred Hooper Nevill and his agents ; and the pretences flight to other capitals, may be mentioned M. Briani, a" that Nevill has a patent for Arabica Food and that Du tenor from Italy, en route for London, where he is engaged Barry's are connected with such patent are utterly fals.s. by Mr. Smith for an extra opera season to sing with Giug- No canister is genuine without the name Barry Du Barry lini, Mdlle. Titien s , and oth er eminent vocalists. Morelli, and Co., 77, Regent-street, i n full, ontheseal and wrapp er i the baritone, has also reached t o wn from America, and is Sh op k eepers who attempt imposition in one article re-engaged at the Grand Opera. Mdme. Viardot has also expect to be distrusted in all others. Packed in tins ji_b e arrived fr om Dublin, where she has created a furore in 2 s. 9d.; 21b. 4& 6d. ; 51b. Us. 'fp 121 b. 225. ; 241 b. 405. Verdi's Shakespelian opera of "Macbeth." Regnier, Bres- 121 b. and 241 b. canisters are sent carriage free on receipt . sant, Mdrie. Plessy, B ro h a n, and other distill- of Post -office order by Barry Du Barry and Co., 77 . ,. guished performers of the Francais, have likewise returned gent-street, London; Fortnum Mason, and Co.;Anlm after their annual journey in the provinces. Bottesini, the 60, Gracechureh-street ;4, Cheapside ;63 and 150 , Ox greato- bassist, is daily expected. Sainton, the violinist last week passed through town after a brief visit to Lyons, Street ; BatV, 16, Finsbury Pavement ; Phillips and his native city. , ford -street • 330 and 451, Strand ;49 and GO, B'shopsga o, Mr. Henry Binfield, the harpist, has like- tea-dealers ; Petty, Weed, and Co., wise returned for the winter, City ; 127, liolborm ; Pad all 5r 90103 King William-street. ~•~ , k . THE .BAT•TLE OF TILE VOLTURNO. We are now in possession of details of the great battle which took place on the Ist inst. between the army of Garibaldi and that of Francis ll. a battle which has probably decided the campaign, and will leave the discouraged N"apolitan forces an easy conquest to the advancing Piedmontese. The English people have so sincere an admiration of the extraordinary leader who has risen up in Italy that they will be glad to find him by a brilliant exploit retrieving the reputation which had been for a moment obscured. True, the military qualities of Garibaldi, his boldness, his devotedness, and his fertility of resources, had never been questioned, but still one is unwilling to see any shade on so great a man, and a te m p orary error of political l judgment will now be forgotten in the splendour of a victory won at great odds against an enemy who seems to have behaved with sufficient courage. On no former occasion has Garibaldi ever been op posed to so numerous a force in the field. The Neapolitans are estimated by our correspondent as 30,000 strong, while all the troops wham Garibaldi could bring from first to last to the scene of action did not amount to more than half that number. When it is considered that the Neapolitan army is the military force of a large kingdom, that it bits been drilled and disciplined for years, that it is well provided with every material of war, and that it rests on such places as Capua and Gaeta, we may well wonder that Garibaldi, with his hasty levies, is able to keep the field at all. But that he should with a most inferior force repel a general attack of the whole Neapolitan line, defeat the enemy with great slaughter, and take a number of prisoners, variously estimated at from 2,000 to 5,000, proves that he is not only a partisan chief or a reckless end fortunate adventurer, but a General in the highest sense of the word, one capable of command ing iz a regular campaign, and winning a battle by the exercise of military skill. The events of the Ist show Garibaldi to be a trustworthy leader in warlike operations, and give reason to believe that when the Piedmontese succours arrive he will be able to make short work with the Bourbon throne. The details of this important victory will be un derstood from the letter which we print this morn ing. To this we need add little. The position of the opposing armies is well known. The revolu tion, though it has driven King Francis from his capital, has not yet been able to expel him from the neighbourhood. The Neapolitan army on the morning of the Ist was within a few hears' march of the city of Naples. The country between Capua and Caserta was the scene of the fight, and the cannon of the Monarch and the Revolutionists affrighted the timid citizens of the capital. If the King had been victorious, he would have been in Naples before night. And at one time it seemed that he might be victorious. The troops which he commanded might be relied upon for at least one struggle worthy of an army. The Swiss and Germans would fight because they are consti tutionally brave, and look to the Royal cause for food and pay, and, in case of a Victory, for plunder. The Neapolitan soldiers would behave well because they are soldiers, and look with contempt and aver sion on irregular levies. Accordingly, at early dawn they were led to the attack. The King and his advisers knew they must strike a blow. In a few days the Piedmontese would be in the country, confident in their numbers and discipline, and flushed with success over the 'Algerian General and his mercenaries. Should Cialdini march in from the Campagna and take the Royal position in the rear, there would be nothing left for Francis but to return to his original intention, and take the :teamer for Barcelona or Trieste, or whatever other 'port he might find convenient. A victory over Garibaldi might rehabilitate the Neapolitan throne. If the King were once again in his capital, even the audacious Cavour would hardly venture to in vade his dominions. He would be dealing success fully with rebels in his own territory,.and the prin ciple of non-intervention would demand that he should be left to fight it out with the Filibuster who had landed on his soil. So, in the mist of an autamn morning the w h o l e Neapolitan line at tacked. It was, in short, a second Inkerman. The Neapolitans, "taking advantage of the mist," ap proached unobserved quite close up to a barricade of four guns, and carried it at the first onset, driving the Garibaldians across the main road towards Sr. Angelo. They then formed on this new position in regular line of battle. The whole line was suc cessful, and it appeared for a moment as if every thing was lost. How Garibaldi retrieved the fortune of the day our readers will learn from our correspondent's letter. The fight began with only a small number of the Garibaldians opposed to the enemy. The leader went forward, revolver in hand, and encou raged his men in their desperate resistance. Gra dually the supports came up, and the Neapolitans were charged with the bayonet. They were every where driven back, broken, and routed. But the battle was not decided till the afternoon. For eight hours long did it rage, till, at last, about four o'clock, the Neapolitans were flying in all direc tions, and were pursued by the conquerors close under the walls of Capua. Such was the battle of the Volturno, which has probably caused the King and his advisers to give up all hope of retaking Naples. It is evident that if the Neapolitans, with the advantage of numbers and a surprise, could not defeat the revolutionary army, they are not likely to succeed when the Dic tator's forces are fully prepared, and are encouraged by the victory they have won. The 5,000 men made prisoners, if not an exaggeration, must in clude the Bavarians, who in the same telegram are announced as having been cut off by the Garibal dians. From all sources, however, it is announced that the number is large, and the King's army must be considered as weakened by several thou sand men. The effect on the people of Naples of the threatening attitude of the King's troops pre vious to the battle shows the difficulties of the Dic tator, and the immerse importance of his success. The frightened citizens were engaged in taking down the tricolour wherever it ornamented their houses, and would, no doubt, have shouted as loudly for the returning Bourbon as for the de throner. There is a story of a number of people being crushed to death in Naples through one per son in a crowd having felt some water trickling on him from a balcony. He started aside. This coin municated a shock to his neighbour, who sprang against a third, and in a few seconds a wild panic had seized the whole assemblage. Such is the Neapolitan, the ready victim of every kind of excitement and terror. They will probably glance uneasily at the emblem of Italian unity until they hear that Francis has taken ship from Gaeta, and then they will go mad again with joy and the desire of vengeance. The Dic tator must take care to avoid even the momen tary appearance of failure, if he would keep the people true to the cause they have espoused. Hap pily, he seems to be following up his victory. It is announced from one quarter that Capua was at tacked on the sth. The telegram we publish states that a report was current at Naples that the place had surrendered. It seems therefore at least pretty plain that the revolutionary leader had taken the offensive, and that the royalists could not prevent him from attacking one of their strongholds. A few days more will probably crown with success this strange and romantic expedition.---Times. WILLS AND BEQUESTS. _ Major-General Brok e : The will of Major- General Horatio George Broke, of Gloucester place, Hyde-park, was proved in London on the 28th of September last by his executors ; the per sonalty being sworn under £12,000. He devises his land and farms in Suffolk to his son Horace Broke, subject to an annuity of £l2O to his relict ; and to her he leaves an immediate legacy of £2,000, and all the furniture, plate, and other household effects absolutely; and further bequeaths to her for her life the life interest arising from the residue of his estates, real and personal, and on her decease to devolve to his said son absolutely. The testator has left small annuities for the lives of three widows. The will bears date the 11th of June, 1860. Baron Samuel—A special probate of the will of Baron Denis Moses Samuel, a Baron of the king dom of Portugal, residing at 26, Sussex -place, Regent's -park, was granted on the 28th of Septem ber last by the London Court of Probate to Baroness Amelia de Samuel, the widow. The deceased was Commander of the Order of the Rose of the Empire of Brazil. The will was executed in the Engli s h form, and bears date the Ist of July, 1859. The personal property sworn to in this country was es timated at £30 0 , 000 ; there are alse investments in foreign securities , in Greece , Turkey, and Brazil, interest other kingdoms, besides East India Stock and landed estates. To his wife he has secured a la rge in this property during her life, and annuities to his two sons until they respectively attain the a ge of married, h e 25. His daughter , who has recently h a s amply provided for. The wif e is a ppointed the residuary legatee, and takes a portion of the rents and profits of the real estate forhiehee plate, on which life.r The freeh o ld is devised to his eldest SO T IL are lega cies to his clerks and servant s . some l i s engr aved the royal arms of o Portugal, he leave s in the possession of his wif e , and n her decease to his eldest son and his successors, to be a l ways retained h in the family. Th e baron adalosovaohbit,apinroepderthtye royal license to t a k e t h e name of D being maintained in the family on its assumption. The furthi rui ler accounts from New York this morn ing show that th e t ransactions in stocks were more active than ever. In the discount market and the rate of ex change there w as no alteration. Purchases of wheat for exportation were being made on a large scale, and at hu rt:n*l/410h ESCAPE OF TIIRRE PRI3OYERS FROM HULL GAOL. On F r id ay n i ght or early on Saturch ty morning three pri soners, who were awaiting th eir trial a t the sessions, very cleverly effected their Ch cape from the Hull Borough Gaol. Their names are Robert Kershaw, Wm. Hy. Gillson, and George Smith. Kershaw is 22 years of age, and was in custody for uttering base coin ; Smith is 21 years of age, and was similarly charged; and Gillson, who is 19 years of age, and by trade a butcher, was charged with breaking into a slaughter-house and stealing a quantity of tallow. During the night they were confined in a large room in the sessions ward of the prison, with another man named Clarke; also in custody for stealing tallow. The room is one storey high, and not being used for felons, it was not so strongly guarded as the cells in the other parts of the gaol. Since the escape of the con vict Foster, a few months ago, the governor (Capt. Neill) has had the windows of the sessions ward cells made more secure by the addition of three cross bars to the windows. This judicious step, how ever, does not appear to have at all disheartened the three prisoners, whose escape we are now nar rating. By some means or other they became pos sessed of a pocket-knife used in that part of the prison where mats are manufactured. This knife must have been passed from one prisoner to another until it reached one of the three who escaped. This knife they converted into a kind of saw, or file, and they succeeded in cutting through a perpendicular bar about one inch in diameter. They also cut through one of the cross bars, which is about an inch and three eighths broad by three quarters of an inch thick. In order to prevent discovery during the progress of the saw, the aperture made in the bar was carefully filled up with moistened. bread and soot. The inspector of the prison, we are informed, examined the bars of this particular Cell a day or two ago, and he was then unable to see anything to excite his suspicion. On Friday night the four prisoners were locked up in the room, and no doubt very shortly after the turnkey had gone his round the operations of the night were com menced. After the bars had been cut through the three fellows by an extraordinary effort, appear to have wretched the bars from their sockets. Tne aperture thus made for their egress was about 111 by 93, inches. The prisoners seem to have possessed themselves of bits of rope, which they had purloined from various parts of the prison, and by cutting up the bed rug, they had a long rope at th;:ir disposal. While this rope was in course of preparation it must, in order to elude the vigilance of the prison officials, have been secreted in the mattress ox up the chimney. The sash weight of the window had been taken away, and was affixed to the bottona of the rope. With the aid of the rope the three prisoners managed to descend into the yard, leaving the fourth occupant of the cell (the man Clarke) still in his bed. Up on getting into the prison yard they were still faced by the boundary wall, which is 27 feet in height. The place chosen for the escape into the street was near a coal heap, which gives an eleva tion of several feet from the ground. They also appear to have got a pole from some part of the gaol, which they reared against the wall, and the d;stance to ascend to the top of the wall was com paratively little. Once upon the top of the wall the de3cent was easy, and one prisoner safely over would no doubt lend a helping hand to his com panions. The prisoners, after having scaled the boundary wall, got over a second one 9ft high, and they were then clear of the gaol, and in Manor house -street. The escape was discovered by the turnkey about half-past five o'clock on Saturday morning. At that time Clarke was in bed, and he most positively denied any knowledge of what had taken place. COUNTRY MARKETS. COLCHESfEIt—OcT. 6. Moro samples of wheat were brought into market to-day, with a slow trade, and prices were barely at late currencies. Barley in good demand, and sold at fully late rates. Beans none at market. New peas were selling read; 1 y. Wheat, white s4s to 68s I Beans, Mitzsigan..4os to 423 red 44s to 60s I Middle & small 44s to 508 Barley 4os to 44s White peas 44s to 48 3 I Oats 268 to 28s C4rey,. 4O, to 44s CHELMSFO -- OCT. 5. A fair supply of new wheat to-day, most of it much out of condition, and some quite unsaleable. Prices ialed at former rates. A few dry samples of new barley made their appearance, but no prices established. Spring corn firm at late prices. Wheat, white 51s to 68s Peas, Partridge ..43s to 4.!s red 60s to 66s White 43s to /IR Barley 35s to 41s Boiling 43s to 47s Chevalier ....36s to 41s Dun 39s to 4.24 Grinding 32s to 36'Beaxs, Tick ....40s to ? . .33 Malt.. 61s to 67s Harrow Ticks 41s to 49s Chevalier 64s to 693 Mazagan 38s to 434 Oats 26s to 31s KIRKALDY—OcT. 6. We had moderate supplies of barley to-day, and in good condition, with a ready sale at an advance on last week cf is to 2s on fine qualities; indifferent parcels were sold at late rates. Old and new wheats were both rather dearer. Oats is to 29 cheaper. Wheat Barley Oats First.... 62s Od 29s Od 24s Oct Second.. 68s Od 388 Od 28s Od Third .. —s Od 40s Od 29s Od COAL MARKET—Our. 8 (frices of Coal per Ton at the close of the market.) a. d. Walls End. Davison's West Hart ley .16 Bud dle' sWest Hartley 16 Holywell ..16 Tanfield Moor Butes ..13 Howard's West Hari,- s. n. 6 Kelloe .. l9 6 6 Hetton .. 2O 0 3 Lambton 2O 0 6 Woodhouse Close 17 0 Hartlepool.... 2O 0 3 Keiper Grange.... •• 18 6 3 Byron •• • .18 6 6 Bra ddyll's Hetton ..... 18 9 9 Haswell . .. 2O 0 Hedley ..........18 3 Ships at suarket, 66 ; sold, 56. ley 16 Wyiam l6 West Hartley 16 Eden Main lB THE MAILS. MAILS DUE. Australia, Ceylon, and Mauritius (via South ampton) .. • • • • • • • • .. Oct. 19. Do. (Nia Marseilles) Oct. 13. Brazil and Cape Verds .. .. . . .. Nov. 5. Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, &c , 41. .. Oct. ..... Bahamas and Havana (via New York) .. .. Oct. —. Canada, &c. (via Gal way ) • • .. .. Oct. G. Cape of Good Hope, &c. .. .. . .. Nov. 2. an Singapore (via S'ampton) Overdue. China, Penang, Do. ct. 13. Gibraltar (vi a Southampton) (via Marseilles) O .. . .. Overdue. India (Calcutt a ), Ceylon, &c. (via Southampton) Overdue. Do. (via Marseilles) Oct. 13. India (Bombay), (via Southampton) .. .. Oct. 10. Do. (via Lisbon .. .. Oct. 11. :: ............... Oct. •• •• Cuba and Mexico .. • • • • • . • • 15. .. Malta, Egypt, an d Ad en ( v i a S ou thampton):.. o ver d ue. Do. .. (via Marseilles) .. O c t . 4. .. • . .. Oct. 11 . Vigo, and Oporto United States, California, &C. • • •• • .. Oct. 11. Western Coast of Africa, Madeira, Teneriffe .. Overdue. West Indies and Pacific, Carthagena, Cuba, &c. Oct. 16. - - LOSS OF A SCHOONER AND HER CREW.—More of wason qu h ar e - r the fruits of the late hurricane are gradually becoming known. On Saturday evening two tugs arrived at Greenock, wreckfher larboard ow. portion Th of beam ends, with above water, and to the hull was attached one of the te waste, which had keen broken away, and some spars and . g The wreck was towed into Caftsdyke Bay. It having a derelict .tho v n e ly sse a l sm in al t l h -- 41'b n een , picked up off Lamlash on Wednesday morning by one It M'Cuaroved to be the schooner Caled on i a , o f ig, master an d owner. Mrs. of the tugs. It p the master's wife, wh o resides at Greenock, ro te letter from her husband on ednesday last, w l it- MG e e n ri'vee f eeu r nd o sio m acgki L : ondonderr Wy on th e morning of the precious day, stating that he had got a pilot on board, and was about to start in ballast for Ardrossan ; and the next thing she hearh Sa.turdof the vessel was h er b eing brought to Greenock on were three evening a tot a l wreck. Besides the master there men on that all hav e board, an d t h ere is every reason to fear Perished. B I B, S. EL :i i f s e .— o f o A t n he E tt i h s, in L s s t q .,. , a o t f M a o s r o d n e . n-hill, Blackheath, the PENNANT. —On the 7th inst., at Mortimer House, Halkin street, the Lady Louisa Douglas Pennant, of a daughter, stillborn. PAYNE.—On the Bth inst., at 32, Kensington-square, Mrs. -Wyndham Payne, of a son. WARD. —On the Bth inst., at 2, Lenard-place, St. John's.. wood, the wife of Howard Charles Ward, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIAGES. BAR RY — RUTTER.—On the 4th inst., at the parish church, Clapham, Godfrey W. Barry, Esq., fourth son of t h e late Sir Ch ar l es B arry, to F rance s Emily, t h e youngest daughter of J. S. R u tt er , Esq., Clapham-comm on. NELSON—MORICE.—On the 4th inst., at St. J ames's Holloway, Thomas Nelson, Esq., M.D., R.N. , to Jane ' second daughter of Commander G. F. Morico, R.N. of Arundel •square, Barnsbury• park, Islwgton. , DUATH EDWARDS.—On the 7th inst., Mary Ann, th e b e l oved wife of Thomas Edwards, Esq., soli ictor, of 16, V or l eys Vill as, Junction-road, Upper ItAloway, aged 44. COTTRELL.—On the 4th inst., at White Hart-lane,'Tot tenham, G. A. Cottrell, Esq., late Accountant-General inland Revenue. C .—On the 26th ult., at St. L awrence, Ramsgate, t n a ed Carr, Esq., of Wilmott-sq uare , B ethnal -green, g ry 80. D Emr s E y.—On the sth inst., atWoolwich,rhas. Dempsey, Esq., Inspector-General of HOspitals, aged 55. DIXON.—On tho 2 inst., Jseph Dixon, Esq., A pton GEE.—Onßishop's thest S hi t d f n o s r t t . : rad; aLowestoft, J osep h Gee, Esq ohire, f Cottingham 58. and Everthorp e, i n the county of York s aged UZIELLI. — On th st Hanover e sth in., at O s t end, Matthew Uzielli, Esq., of Lodge, Regent's -park, aged 55. Lorworr : Printed and Publish e d b y MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun 3ffieo, No, 112, 'Stran,d, in the Preeiflet of the Savoy, in the Sou* AUddigiox* Weggrb Oittlat P 1 LNQ. ~~ ... !.. r ~ • if